A convenient nonelectrochemical amide oxidation method has been developed. The process involves a cuprous ion-promoted decomposition of o-diazobenzamides like 4, generated in situ from the corresponding o-aminobenzamides, to give N-acyliminium ion intermediate 9 via a 1,5-H-atom transfer, followed by metal-catalyzed oxidation of the resulting α-amidyl radical. The transformation produces α-methoxybenzamides 15 in good yields. An attempt was made to apply this oxidation method to a total synthesis of the alkaloid (−)-anisomycin (16). Scalemic o-aminobenzamide pyrrolidine derivatives 18a/18b underwent oxidation to give α-methoxylated amide substrates 19a/19b, respectively, in good yields. However, alkylation of the N-acyliminium intermediate 20 with (p-methoxybenzyl)magnesium chloride gave the undesired anti-compounds 22a/22b as the major products. The amide oxidation exhibits good regioselectivity with many unsymmetrical 2-substituted piperidine and pyrrolidine systems. In general, it appears that the larg...


Estuary variation,tectonic movement,or combined effects would influence the formation of marine terraces,which are usually considered as indicators of structural behavior,paleo-climate paleo-sea level change and crust movement in a region.The study area is situated at the collision belt between the Eurasia continental plate and Philippine Sea plate,where tectonic movements are active.Besides the influence of sea level change,the spatial distribution and scale of marine terraces are also controlled by regional tectonic movements,including recent volcanic activities.We focus on those terraces along the north(from Tamhei to Guandu)and the south(from Hsiakutzu to Chentzuliao)coasts on Tamsui river estuary,and we put our major attention on the distribution and correlation of marine terraces and the effects of sea level and crust movements.The results show that,on the north coast,there are nine terraces,with heights of 0~10 m(6 ka BP),30~50 m(40 ka BP),55~95 m(57 ka BP),100~130 m(77.5 ka BP),135~173 m(88.5 ka BP),190~275 m(126.5 ka BP),285~310 m(148.5 ka BP),320~365 m(183 ka BP)and 375~405 m(202 ka BP).Yet on the south coast,the number of terraces is 8,with heights of 0~10 m(6 ka BP),25~50 m(40 ka BP),65~95m(57 ka BP),115~138 m(79 ka BP),150~200 m(100 ka BP),230~275 m(126.5 ka BP)and 255~350 m(173.4 ka BP).Because the two coasts are so near to each other and having almost the same regional tectonic activities and sea level variation,the difference in the development and features of marine terraces must be attributed to other factors.It is found that a key factor affecting the number of terrace is uplift rate.On the north coast,the uplift rate reaches to 2.2 m/ka,higher than that of 2.15 m/ka on the south one.


The analysis was made on the motion characteristics and function of hips of the first eight broad-jump athletes in the 9th Sports Meeting at the instant of touching the springboard,with the help of high-speed pickup camera and Aijie kinescope analysis system.Its result shows that at the instant of touching the springboard the kinematics characteristics of the hip has an important impact on the effect of getting on the springboard;the take-off leg-hip angle is comparatively small while the swinging leg-hip angle is comparatively big,the landing-board angle is comparatively small,the two-thigh angle is comparatively big;the data of the horizontal and vertical speed of the centre of gravity of their bodies at the instant of touching the board is not very ideal.


Purpose
This paper aims to explore the obstacles that the ethical guidelines of legal professionals pose in the implementation of an effective anti-money laundering regime, established in the law on anti-money laundering in Indonesia. Some compliance schemes have been developed to integrate the participation of gatekeepers in anti-money laundering efforts, but the solution to mitigate the challenges must be implemented through the participation of the legal profession.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a qualitative research methodology, including a triangulation of interviews with relevant experts, literature review and analysis of regulations. A deductive approach is employed to analyse the data.

Findings
The legal profession's ethical regulations and laws were considered to be the cause for the Indonesian Government's inability to implement the anti-money laundering regime. The findings show two practical solutions that could be implemented: A government policy for the amendment of the anti-money laundering law and organizational policy to increase support for the anti-money laundering regime; and active participation of legal professionals in an effective anti-money laundering regime in Indonesia.

Originality/value
This study provides insight into the participation of the legal profession in anti-money laundering efforts.


The principles of five online rotor inter-turn short circuit monitoring methods are introduced and evaluated:fault monitoring based on magnetic field measurement,shock pulse,shaft voltage monitoring,electrical parameter monitoring and unit vibration monitoring. The research progress of electrical parameter monitoring method is introduced in three aspects:the fault mathematical modeling,the fault characteristic and mechanism and the fault monitoring based on the internal unbalanced current of stator phase windings. The researches of online rotor inter-turn short circuit monitoring techniques are prospected from three aspects:the sensitive monitoring without dead-zone,the fault monitoring of generator unequipped with branch current transformer and the online fault location,and some preliminary concepts are given.


Significance Cancers arise through a succession of enabling genetic lesions, but the consequences of many driver mutations remain unclear, especially in the earliest stages of tumor formation. The myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) encompass a group of chronic hematologic disorders that can collectively provide a window into these early stages of leukemia evolution. This study reveals a role for the JAK2V617F mutation, the most frequent genetic abnormality in MPN patients, in impairing replication fork progression during cell division of MPN patient-derived tumor cells. Moreover, analysis of different MPN disease subtypes reveals unexpected differences in DNA repair activity in response to JAK2V617F-induced perturbations in replication dynamics. These findings have potential implications for tumor clonal evolution and individualized cancer therapy. Cancers result from the accumulation of genetic lesions, but the cellular consequences of driver mutations remain unclear, especially during the earliest stages of malignancy. The V617F mutation in the JAK2 non-receptor tyrosine kinase (JAK2V617F) is present as an early somatic event in most patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), and the study of these chronic myeloid malignancies provides an experimentally tractable approach to understanding early tumorigenesis. Introduction of exogenous JAK2V617F impairs replication fork progression and is associated with activation of the intra-S checkpoint, with both effects mediated by phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling. Analysis of clonally derived JAK2V617F-positive erythroblasts from MPN patients also demonstrated impaired replication fork progression accompanied by increased levels of replication protein A (RPA)-containing foci. However, the associated intra-S checkpoint response was impaired in erythroblasts from polycythemia vera (PV) patients, but not in those from essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients. Moreover, inhibition of p53 in PV erythroblasts resulted in more gamma-H2Ax (γ-H2Ax)–marked double-stranded breaks compared with in like-treated ET erythroblasts, suggesting the defective intra-S checkpoint function seen in PV increases DNA damage in the context of attenuated p53 signaling. These results demonstrate oncogene-induced impairment of replication fork progression in primary cells from MPN patients, reveal unexpected disease-restricted differences in activation of the intra-S checkpoint, and have potential implications for the clonal evolution of malignancies.


Case report of observation not previously described. Pigment from tattoos is known to accumulate in regional lymph nodes. The location of tattoos may be close to a tumour. The presence of pigment from tattoos may distort the morphology of sentinel lymph nodes. It is not known whether there is drainage of pigment from tattoos selectively to regional sentinel lymph node. We report a case in which metastatic cells from a primary left breast carcinoma were found in a sentinel lymph node which also demonstrated pigment from a skin tattoo located close to the site of the breast tumour. Subsequent lymphadenectomy from the left axilla showed 21 additional lymph nodes with neither metastatic carcinoma nor pigment accumulation. This supports the hypothesis of preferential drainage of pigment from skin to sentinel nodes in the region in question. This may be important in considering the management of patients with a primary tumour close to the location of a tattoo.


The article examines Bol loops that are constructed from matched pairs of groups, including a new simple, non-Moufang Bol loop of order 120. Certain permutation representations of the loops under consideration provide nontrivial examples of doubly stochastic action matrices. A generalization of the matched-pair loop construction yields proper Bol actions of groups.


Background:
 Despite decades of research and advances in treatment, medication adherence in those with heart failure remains suboptimal. Recent research suggests that self-care activation and positive psychological characteristics can enhance medication adherence, yet little is known about how these factors and medication adherence are related in persons with heart failure.

 Objective:
 The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the effects of self-care activation and hope on medication adherence are mediated by resilience in persons with heart failure.

 Methods:
 This study used a prospective, cross-sectional design. Regression and mediation analyses were used to examine if resilience mediates the effects of activation on medication adherence. A nationwide, diverse sample was recruited for this study.

 Results:
 Of the 174 participants, 51% were female, 48% were persons of color (POC) and the mean age was 62 years. Higher activation (B = -.023, p = .039) and hope (B = -.063, p = .011) were associated with better medication adherence. The effects of activation and hope on medication adherence were completely mediated by resilience. Indirect effect accounts for 17.4% of the total effect for activation and 71.4% for hope.

 Conclusion:
 Resilience could be a potential mechanism by which activation and hope could improve medication adherence in persons with heart failure. Thus, resilience may have a significant influence on medication adherence. More research is needed to understand the connection between resilience and medication adherence.


There are seven species of the genus Bupleurum L.in Mongolia, which is recognized from mainly basing on the field collection of Mongolia and specimens of LE and PE. A diagnostic key of the seven species is yielded. And the distributions of the taxa concerned are provided in the light of the phytogeographical division of Mongolia. This paper presents a comprehensive taxonomical treatment of Bupleurum L. to the Mongolian flora.


We have investigated the various alternatives for in-home video distribution that might be applicable between now and 2010. Among these are wireless and so-called no-new-wires architectures, but also unconventional approaches based on analogue distribution. The latter actually led to a surprisingly attractive and realistic solution. Thereupon we have developed an innovative demonstrator, which is basically a centralised video gateway equipped with analogue modulators that can be connected to the existing in-home coaxial cabling.


Abstract An evaluation of power performance field tests for a 2.4 kW Skystream wind turbine was carried out with respect to turbulent wind regime characteristics. The wind turbine is located at the Sustainability Experience Center on the Penn State University Park campus. A power curve was determined with respect to manufacturer specifications and in situ wind regime data generated from anemometers. This approach was accomplished in comparison to International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards and power performance studies for small-scale distributed wind turbines [1]. The site specific data was generated at the Skystream turbine to verify manufacturer specifications and evaluate turbine performance with respect to turbulence. TurbSim was used to investigate power performance studies by integrating site specific turbulence parameters into the wind regime. The output data was then processed in WT_Perf in order to evaluate load and power performance for the wind turbine.


In this study we explored how experimental games closely framed to local conditions can help to develop institutional capacity related to managing small village reservoirs in Rajasthan/India. We played artefactual public good experiments with 300 community leaders and combined the games with discussions. Research was carried out in 2016 the Bhilwara district in south-eastern Rajasthan/ India. The district is situated in the Sub Humid Southern Plain agro climatic zone of Rajasthan state. The average rainfall is above 650 mm. We replicated the dam management challenges of Rajasthan farmers in a simplified manner using a framed public good experiments. We decided to focus on the provisioning actions situation on the basis of stakeholder consultations. We used a non-linear pay-off function similar to the one in the Irrigation Games of Cardenas et al. (2008) and Janssen et al. (2011). Pay-offs were adjusted to estimates of average maintenance costs of dams as well typical income derived from dam water based on evaluations done by Singh et al. (2014). At the start of each round, participants were provided with the same initial endowment of 5000 Play Rupees. All participants decided simultaneously on the amount each one wanted to invest in maintaining the dam. Decision cards were used for this purpose. The accumulated individual contributions determine the group earning as by an S-shaped pay-off function which was presented throughout the game as a poster. The group earning was distributed equally amongst the players. Total earnings for an individual in a round were determined by this share of the group earnings from the dam, plus the amount of the initial endowment not invested. Participants were given US$ 1.10 as a show-up fee. The accumulated individual earnings were exchanged at the rate of approximately 0.015 US$ per 1000 Play Rupees. The exchange rate was adjusted to generate expected earnings equivalent to one day's wages under the NREGA social employment scheme. Local field assistants were trained in facilitating the experiment. They explained the rules, conducted a quiz and test rounds, and recorded the decisions on computers. The games were structured in three phases. Firstly, five baseline rounds were played with private decisions and without any communication. After playing these five baseline rounds with anonymous decisions we introduce social information in terms of revealing the players' decision from round six onwards. In this phase, contributions and earnings were written on an visible to all. After each round, players could at this stage also discuss after each round their experience in the game. The discussion was a critical element of our design as it allowed the players to start negotiations and propose rules. We recorded summaries of the discussions and counted all discussion input by content categories. After round ten, for each group a treatment was chosen by the facilitators based on the group specific content of discussions. Protocol of the experiment


(a) Institut fu¨r Schichten und Grenzfla¨chen, Forschungszentrum Ju¨lich, 52425 Ju¨lich,Germany(b) Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NASU, Kiev 03028, Ukraine(c) School of Electrical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA(Received July 22, 2002; accepted October 1, 2002)PACS: 72.80.Ey; 72.90.+y; 73.40.KpThis report addresses the study of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) transport at low andmoderate electric fields. The devices under study are group-III nitride-based (AlGaN/GaN)gateless heterostructures grown on sapphire for HEMT applications. The transmission line model(TLM) patterns of different channel lengths L and the same channel width are used. We havedeveloped a simple theoretical model to adequately describe the observed peculiarities in the I–Vcharacteristics measured in steady-state and pulsed (10


Light Steel Frame (LSF) walls are widely used in building structures, used as partition walls and load bearing walls. The LSF is usually protected by layers of homogeneous plates or composite plates, with or without insulation materials in the cavity. This investigation presents the experimental and the simulation results of composite LSF walls in reduced scale and full scale, based on variable load levels (20 to 80%). The numerical model is validated with experimental results, at reduced and full scale, both at room temperature and under fire conditions. This modelling technique can follow the thermal and mechanical degradation of the protection layers of the LSF wall and determine the fire rating for load (R) and insulation (I). The fire resistance (R) decreases with the increase of the load level, being the critical temperature of the steel structure presented by the maximum temperature of the Hot Flange (HF). A new proposal is presented for the critical temperature of the LSF, based on the maximum temperature of the LSF during the fire. The insulation ability is also predicted for different protection materials. Relevant conclusions are presented to increase the insulation ability of LSF walls.


This article aims at clarifying the social context in which the second curriculum revision took place. The revision started in 1958, was mainly focusing on strengthening vocational education and moral education . The experience-centered curriculum was accepted as an alternative to the new curriculum due to the influence of the American education mission that visited Korea at that time. However the revision had been postponed owing to the April 19 Revolution. Afterward the Democratic Administration propelled another revision of the National Curriculum reflecting 'democratization of education' but it was interrupted by the May 16 coup. The military government tried to reflect the ideology of the military government as a revolutionary task and human transformation. The military government put off the Curriculum revision for a reorganization of the school system, and at last the 2nd National Curriculum was revised and proclaimed in 1963.


To investigate whether neuroinflammation and β‐amyloid (Aβ) deposition influence brain structural and functional connectivity in Alzheimer's spectrum, we conducted a cross‐sectional multimodal imaging study and interrogated the associations between imaging biomarkers of neuroinflammation, Aβ deposition, brain connectivity and cognition.


This paper examines some of the key features of social health insurance systems by drawing on experiences in Germany, Switzerland, France and The Netherlands. These countries have all implemented a variety of reforms, including some competition between health insurers in order to meet some of their health care objectives. The paper highlights some of the strengths and weaknesses inherent in these systems and how they perform on a number of criteria and suggests a number of trade‐offs which policymakers will have to grapple with to attain some of their (often competing) health system goals of efficiency, choice, solidarity and equity. This paper should provide useful information for countries with health care systems in transition or those considering adopting aspects of social health insurance systems.


Recent observations suggest that evolved disks (ages > 1-2 Myr) do not contain enough dust to explain the observed population of exoplanets. On the other hand, gaps and rings observed in the dust distribution suggest an e ffi cient formation of planets, even at distances > 10 au.


In cancer, de novo pathway plays an important role in cell proliferation by supplying huge demand of purine nucleotides. Aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase (AIRS) catalyzes the fifth step of de novo purine biosynthesis facilitating in the conversion of formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide to aminoimidazole ribonucleotide. Hence, inhibiting AIRS is crucial due to its involvement in the regulation of uncontrollable cancer cell proliferation. In this study, the three-dimensional structure of AIRS from P. horikoshii OT3 was constructed based on the crystal structure from E. coli and the modeled protein is verified for stability using molecular dynamics for a time frame of 100 ns. Virtual screening and induced fit docking were performed to identify the best antagonists based on their binding mode and affinity. Through mutational studies, the residues necessary for catalytic activity of AIRS were identified and among which the following residues Lys35, Asp103, Glu137, and Thr138 are important in determination of AIRS function. The mutational studies help to understand the structural and energetic characteristics of the specified residues. In addition to Molecular Dynamics, ADME properties, binding free-energy, and density functional theory calculations of the compounds were carried out to find the best lead molecule. Based on these analyses, the compound from the NCI database, NCI_121957 was adjudged as the best molecule and could be suggested as the suitable inhibitor of AIRS. In future studies, experimental validation of these ligands as AIRS inhibitors will be carried out.


For peacekeeping to be successful, it is essential to evaluate the impact of peacekeeping activities on the conflict dynamics. There are two reasons for this. First, for the mission itself, it provides an understanding of how to prioritize and best make use of limited resources. Thorough analysis can aid the planning and make peacekeeping more effective. Second, in UN headquarters, it provides an argument for policy makers for why they should fund peacekeeping. Spending money on peacekeeping makes sense only if peacekeeping actually works to enhance security, since this is often one of the main tasks. Therefore, objective analyses of how peacekeeping works are of great political relevance. Any such assessment of the efficiency of peacekeeping requires data. Our conclusions are never better than the data we base them on.


Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising approach for cancer therapy, combining the specificity of an antibody with the potency of small-molecule toxins. To identify cellular targets for the development of new ADCs, we have set out to identify proteins that (1) are expressed on the cell surface; (2) have high specificity for tumors, with relatively low expression on normal tissues; and (3) can internalize into the tumor cell by a mechanism that enables the delivery and activation of sufficient amounts of toxin to kill cancer cells. Here at the NRC, we have built a pipeline to identify new ADC targets, incorporating public gene expression data mining and glycoproteomic profiling, followed by in vitro screening through a surrogate ADC assay. Public data enable the analysis of large numbers of human tumors and normal tissues, providing a population-based estimate of gene expression. Through curation of the Gene Expression Omnibus, we have built a microarray database that contains >26,000 tumor samples and >8,800 normal samples, all on the Affymetrix HGU133 Plus 2.0 platform. We have also collected RNA-seq data for >5,000 normal samples from the GTEx database, and 6,900 tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. These samples cover a broad range of tissues: blood, bone marrow, brain, breast, colon, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, ovary, pancreas, prostate, skin, stomach, and uterus. To identify candidates for ADC development, we first classify tumors into subtypes through consensus clustering followed by a Monte Carlo implementation of our iterative ensemble classification methods. Next, we perform differential gene expression analysis between normal tissues and known or novel cancer subtypes. In one example, we have identified 50 breast cancer targets, 7 of which have already been developed as ADCs to the clinical trial stage by others, demonstrating the validity and promise of this approach (Fauteux et al., 2016). Glycoproteomics data are typically derived from small numbers of samples, making a population-based analysis less informative. Therefore, we have integrated glycoproteomic data into our target selection pipeline in two ways. First, glycoproteomics has been used to profile the cell surface of 11 tumor cell lines. Using an approach with high specificity for cell-surface glycoproteins, over 200 cell-surface proteins have been identified for each cell line. This data enables the selection of targets that are amenable to our in vitro functional assay for ADC activity, based on expression in our screen-adapted cell lines. Glycoproteomics has also been used to identify and prioritize targets upregulated during hypoxia or epithelial-mesenchymal transition, two important aspects of tumor biology. For example, cellular glycoproteins from four pancreatic cell lines were profiled under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, identifying >70 proteins upregulated under hypoxic conditions. These glycoproteomic datasets, in conjunction with the public data analysis, are being used to identify promising ADC targets. Based on these target selection methods, we are currently producing and screening thousands of NRC monoclonal and single-domain antibodies generated against a variety of cancer-associated cell surface targets and screening them for ADC activity, in vitro and in vivo. Citation Format: Jennifer J. Hill, Francois Fauteux, Tammy-Lynn Tremblay, Maria Jaramillo. Identification of antibody-drug conjugate targets using curated public data, in-house glycoproteomics, and a surrogate in vitro ADC assay [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2017 Oct 26-30; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2018;17(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A189.


An investigation of the very scattered literature of the Greek islands, designed primarily to supplement Mr. Dawkins's researches on the dialects, has led me to unexpectedly interesting results touching the Albanian settlements, which may be worthy of independent publication. Besides printed sources I have consulted the Grand Insulaire of André Thevet (Paris, Bibl. Nat. MSS. Fr. 15, 453 (1586)) and the Isolarii of Antonio di Milo (B.M. (a) Julius, E. II (1587), (b) Add. MSS. 10,365 (1591)), and Francesco Lupazolo of Chios (B.M. Lansd. 792 (1638)).


Background and Objectives: Needle stick injury (NSI) is one of the most common occupational hazards faced by the health-care providers. Studies have shown a high prevalence of NSI and low level of awareness on reporting the injury and post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among junior doctors. Hence, the present study was undertaken to assess prevalence and practices following NSI among interns of rural teaching hospital. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a rural teaching hospital. A validated self-administered questionnaire tool was used to collect data among interns. The data were analyzed and expressed as frequency and percentages. Results: Among 72 participants, 43.05% were males, and 56.94% were females with mean age of 23.67 ± 1.14 years. The prevalence of NSI in this study was 47.22% with hollow bore needle (64.71%) as the most common instrument causing NSI during injection (55.9%) followed by assistance in theaters (32.4%). Most of the NSI occurred in surgery department (47.06%), were self-inflicted (70.59%). Only 64.71% were wearing gloves at the time of NSI, and washing hands (64.71%) were the most common action taken post exposure. 11.76% interns had taken PEP. Almost half of the interns (41.18%) had not reported the injury due to lack of knowledge and awareness on reporting system (57.14%). Conclusion: In this study, there was a high prevalence of NSI among interns with inadequate post exposure actions. There is an urgent need to introduce health education training programs to all healthcare workers especially to young doctors like interns before they enter their professional career of clinical practice.


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Detailed awareness of modern theories, ancient history, and sources make this one of the most detailed evangelical treatments of Mark available anywhere.


Objective:To study ESW′s influences on the expression of TGF-β1 in bonycallus,and the further effect of ESWT′S mechanism about how to cure bone defect.Methods:Eighteen Chinese healthy domestic rabbits will be made the animal models of the double radial bone defection and damage,right upper extremity is experiment set,left upper extremity is matched control,after the wound healed about a week,right upper extremity enforce ESW under general anesthesia,carry to correspond part at the bone defection and damage two pieces,the left upper extremity don′t do it.Then we will take X-ray photo to observe condition of bone defection after 4 weeks and 6 weeks.And take the bone defection′s bony callus organization specimen.We will do histology-checking to observe organization propagate of cell circumstance,and do immunohistochemistrychecking to observe expression of TGF-β1.Results:The content of TGF-β1 in the osteoblast of the Extracorporeal shock wave treatment set be more obvious than the matched team,bone cell,fibroblast,blood capillary,Osteoblast,mesenchymal of ESW set increased actively.Conelusion:The TGF-β1′s expression can be boosted under the ESW′s stimulation,make the cell propagate to divide and help the bone defect to heal.


The globalization of the integrated circuit (IC) supply chain has moved most of the design, fabrication, and testing process from a single trusted entity to various untrusted third-party entities worldwide. The risk of using untrusted third-Party Intellectual Property (3PIP) is the possibility for adversaries to insert malicious modifications known as Hardware Trojans (HTs). These HTs can compromise the integrity, deteriorate the performance, deny the service, and alter the functionality of the design. While numerous HT detection methods have been proposed in the literature, the crucial task of HT localization is overlooked. Moreover, a few existing HT localization methods have several weaknesses: reliance on a golden reference, inability to generalize for all types of HT, lack of scalability, low localization resolution, and manual feature engineering/property definition. To overcome their shortcomings, we propose a novel, golden reference-free HT localization method at the pre-silicon stage by leveraging graph convolutional network (GCN). In this work, we convert the circuit design into its intrinsic data structure, graph, and extract the node attributes. Afterward, the graph convolution performs automatic feature extraction for nodes to classify the nodes as Trojan or benign. Our approach is automated and does not burden the designer with manual code review. It locates the Trojan signals with 99.6% accuracy, 93.1% $F1$ -score, and a false-positive rate below 0.009%.


It is shown how a partial discharge (PD) within a test sample generates a signal that can be measured outside the apparatus under test. Because the transfer function between the phenomenon within the apparatus under test and the signal that can be measured can vary widely, measured partial-discharge magnitudes rarely have absolute meaning and are often referred to as effective partial-discharge magnitude to acknowledge this uncertainty. The most common sources of PD are floating components, corona, and voids. Each of these is considered in turn, and the fundamentals of how the phenomenon generates a current in the external circuit are explained.<<ETX>>


In hepatocarcinogenesis-resistant DRH rats, preneoplastic hepatocytic lesions are smaller than those of usual rats during carcinogenesis. When preneoplastic hepatocytes from DRH and Donryu (original strain of DRH) were reciprocally transplanted into the livers of DRH and Donryu treated with 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) diet/two-thirds hepatectomy (PH), the Donryu cells formed small colonies within the DRH liver, whereas the DRH cells formed large colonies within the Donryu liver. The DRH liver showed less degree of oval cell proliferation after treatment with 2-AAF and PH, and DRH hepatocytes were more resistant to the growth-inhibitory effect of 2-AAF after PH. Furthermore, DRH hepatocytes were generally resistant to cytotoxicity of hepatotoxins. The tissue environment of the DRH liver, therefore, is less effective for selective growth of preneoplastic hepatocytes during the carcinogen treatment, which is probably a major cause of the hepatocarcinogenesis-resistance in DRH rats.


The ongoing EU-supported CAMPUS 21 explores the energy efficiency potential of integrated security, control, and building management software. The main objective of the project is to compare the energy and indoor-environmental performance of a number of existing facilities before and after real or virtual implementation of monitoring-based control improvement measures.


In the original theory of the anelpic condition Rob Horne and I spoke of the reduction of the proletarian hard-man to a position of radical insigniŽ cance. The visceral sectarian of a mode of being that was once highly serviceable in the heyday of industrial capitalism has become an unenrolable cultural outlaw in neo-capitalism's spectral world, erased from all futurist visions and excised from the stylised forms of life that are structuring the post-productivist commodity circuit. Although this analysis of socio-economic reality seems to have struck a chord with a number of students and teachers in the Liberal Academy, there is no sign of engagement from the current luminaries of social or cultural theory. Perhaps they have their minds on higher things, the latest 'inversion of meaning', 'crisis of representation' or some other ideational phenomenon that might add a novel tone to the liberal heterotopian vision.


At present,theory of financial development still develops in both depth and detail.This paper uses panel data for 1998-2005 to analyze the impact of stock market and banking system on economic growth in less-developed regions and uses GMM technique to estimate dynamic panel data.The findings indicate that in lessdeveloped regions,stock market,being small in scale,has no significant effect on growth,and that banking system does not propel economic growth effectively. Inadequate finance,unreasonable structure and confused governing structure of financial institutions restrain the impetus of financial development for growth.


Russia has completely reformed her former system of entrance examination since the year 2001,and has changed former examination system of rescruiting and examining on every university's own,and has formed the national united examination system.It's one of the important actions of modern reform in education of Russia.The new system has been promoting for eight years until now,and problems and disputes occuring have been found by every level of society on it with the rich products.


Under the background of the research on humanoid dextrous manipulator used for On-Orbit Servicing( OOS),a novel hybrid humanoid dextrous manipulator was proposed. It adopted 2-DOF spherical parallel manipulator( SPM) connected with two revolute pairs in series form as kinematic chains,that allow for increased load-to-weight ratio,speed,stiffness and dexterity. Closed-form solutions to the forward position of this hybrid manipulator were presented according to the structural characteristics of this manipulator. The inverse kinematics problem was solved by sensorimotor representations combine with online PD compensation. Trajectory tracking simulation and reaching movement experiment for this manipulator was carried out,the result could be considered to conform to the natural human arm gesture,and the effectiveness and the engineering applicability of this method were verified.


Abstract : The author states that while maintaining a capacity to engage in large-scale interstate conventional combat is indispensable, historically it has been the unconventional and subnational conflicts that have presented U.S. forces with their greatest challenges. He argues that the United States is entering an era ir. which such wars will be the dominant form of conflict. Therefore, modernization should be approached cautiously. Since the pace of technological change is so rapid, the United States must be much more discriminating in deciding what technologies to pursue. (KAR) P. 3


This report describes a case of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with associated hypoparathyroidism and acutely developed adrenocortical insufficiency. The latter was heralded by hypercalcemia. Upon the institution of cortisol therapy, while still under the effects of a vitamin D analog dihydrotachysterol (DHT), the patient exhibited severe hypocalcemia and tetany. Since calcium intake was minimal during this period of presumed corticosteroid-DHT antagonism, it is suggested that the cortisol disturbed calcium homeostasis by in inhibiting bone calcium resorption.


Abstract The nature and the use of the reserves accumulated in the seed of Tillandsia, a markedly epiphyte genus, are especially important in consideration of the subsequent seedling development. As a matter of fact, the embryo radicle degenerates precociously without emerging at the germination and the sole function of the root system is that of anchoring to the substratum. The present cytochemical and ultrastructural study carried out on mature seeds has highlighted the presence of proteins and lipids, in both the endosperm and in the cotyledon, which are both well–developed; in addition, the endosperm contains starch and calcium oxalate. At germination the reserves, broken–down by enzymes, are absorbed by the cotyledon in whose epidermis ultrastructural modifications, correlated with this austorial function, appear. A part of the nutrients absorbed is initially stored in the large vacuoles, of aleuronic origin, of the cotyledon parenchyma. The result is a water uptake. It is in this manner that the water and necessary nutrient needs of the seedling are satisfied during early development.


Congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) is characterized by increased and unregulated insulin release from pancreatic ß-cells leading to severe hypoglycemia with the consequence of brain damage unless adequately treated. The clinical course of the disease and histopathological findings differ depending on the underlying molecular defect. Germline mutations in four genes, mainly the sulfonylurea-receptor 1 (SUR1) gene, have been associated with HI. Forms of HI with focal ß-cell hyperplasia are due to a paternal mutation in SUR1 in combination with specific losses of maternal alleles of the imprinted chromosomal region l l p l S (loss of heterozygosity, LOH). The presented case is of a boy with HI who was found to be heterozygous for a novel nonsense mutation of SUR1. The clinical features, histopathological findings, and surgical outcome of this patient may be the consequence of maternal loss of l l p l 5 imprinted genes unmasking a heterozygous paternal mutation of the SUR I gene.


A case of a cutenous histoplasmosis in a three-year-old male Siamese cat is described. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs and laboratory exams. Dramatic remission of clinical signs was observed with cetoconazol therapy.


The author, while reconstructing the history of his generation — contemporaries ofWorld War 2 - explores the youth culture of the 1960's. It was the final period of the youth socialization of WW2 contemporaries and others born in 1940's. Their external life conditions were changing rapidly, while the social environment was changing at a slower pace. They began to influence change in the forms and content of cultural processes. The term 'culture' is used here meaning the field of education, art, literature, everyday communication and partially the field of ethics. The external factors which determined the cultural consciousness of the 15-25 year olds in Soviet Russia were as follows: Information and facts from foreign cultures, which were often perceived in the USSR in a wrong way. The Scientific & Technical Revolution — the result of a highly developed scientific culture which was used to influence the mass understanding of culture. This article explores the significant locations, levels, and cells of society where the young people perceived cultural experiences: these were families, circles of friends, the army, work, educational collectives, sometimes containing dozens and thousands of individuals who were not familiar with each other. The key essence of the text is in itself, as the conclusions that it draws are not original. The West has imposed on us not only the arms race and a search for allies, but also the consumer race, which infected the tastes and vanity of our youths with Western fashion, music and dance. It has also imposed the longing for an abstract non-class humanity onto the minds of the more thoughtful and sensitive individuals. These influences have contributed to the fall of t


The toxicity of artificial Brazil Cordyceps Sinensis was studied. Its oral LD50 was over 43. 0g/kg b. w for mice and over 50/kg b. w for rats, respectively. Inappetence and slow increase of body weight were observed on three expeimental groups in 30 day's feeding test. The concentration of serum cholesterol and serum urea nitrogen decreased significantly in high dose group and natural Cordyceps Sinensis group. No abnormal changes were observed on the routine examination of blood and urea in all groups. No obvious histopathological changes on liver and kindey were observed in all rats. Also,the organ index of liver,kindey,spleen and others had no changes in all groups. All the results suggest that the artificcial Brazil Cordyceps Sinensis had no obvious acute and subchronic toxicfly.


This cross-sectional nature of research investigation consists of assessing nutritional status and body composition of 629 young women in the age range of 18-28 years. Mean BMI and waist hip ratio was revealed 20.3±3.4 and 0.83±0.05, respectively. Fat per cent showed an increasing trend in accordance with income slab. A decreasing trend was observed for fat free mass (%) and total body water (%) in relation to income range. Mean observations for fat (%) have been found to be 21.27±6.55, 22.74±6.77 and 23.91±6.86 at three corresponding income ranges. FFM (%) and fat (%) had significant difference (p<0.01) at 1 per cent level for the groups viz ., low income group-middle income group and middle income group-high income group. Anthropometric characteristics such as weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, triceps, biceps, sub-scapular and sum of skin fold thickness had rising trend with advancing income ranges while height, MUAC, WHR and supra-iliac revealed no such trend. Waist circumference showed to have significant difference (p<0.05) at 5 per cent level for the groups viz., low income group-middle income group and low income group-high income group. Waist hip ratio revealed significant difference (p<0.05) at 5 per cent level for the group low income group-middle income group.


This book draws inspiration from the author's own scholarship on race, anti-Blackness, Indigeneity and anti-colonial studies to offer the personal travelogue of a Black scholar in academia. The author reflect on how he came to a critical consciousness about critical issues of race, anti-Black racism, and anti-colonial studies in the 1980s. The intersecting theme of Black scholars' responsibility for advancing a path of Blackcentricity wedded in Black and African Indigeneities to address global anti-Black racism and anti-Blackness is an important intellectual pursuit.
In the struggle for true liberation, our work for social justice, equity, decolonization and the anti-colonial end is only possible if we embrace critical solidarity through Indigenous resistance and community building. We must all be part of an on-going struggle; those of us with the privilege of being familiar with history have a responsibility to mentor and be mentored by our young colleagues as a nurturing of the power of knowledge.


"Explore, on a Mobius strip" offers an introduction to the mathematical subfield of topology by way of numerous hand-drawn sketches and an accessible discussion of going for a "walk" on a one-sided, one-edged Mobius strip—also known as a Mobius band. The chapter provides directions for making a Mobius strip out of paper and examining its mathematical properties. Mathematics students and enthusiasts are encouraged to explore more in both mathematics and life in order to expand their worldview. At the chapter's end, readers may check their understanding by working on a problem. A solution is provided.


Information about age composition is probability of an individual being a important when analyzing fish popucertain length (l) within an age group lation dynamics. Age determination (a) at a given time is assumed to follow of individual fish is more difficult and a normal probability density function time consuming than the recording (Fig. 1A), N(μa, μa), with expectation of length measurements but by using sa and standard deviation σa. When age-length keys, age distributions can lengths of individual fish are recorded, be estimated without much difficulty they are normally classified as discrete from length distributions (Fridrikson, length groups (e.g. 1-cm or 5-cm length 1934). Knowledge of the age-length intervals). The probability (P) for an composition in the population or in individual in age group a to belong in a a given subgroup of the population discrete length group, s, at a given time is required for constructing adequate is then given by age-length keys. Various methods for construction and evaluation of lmax,s age-length keys are described in the Pas ∫ N μ σ a ) dl, (1) a literature (see e.g. Fridrikson, 1934; lmin,s Macdonald and Pitcher, 1979; Schnute and Fournier, 1980; Kimura and Chiwhere lmax, s and lmin, s are the upper kuni, 1987; Hayes, 1993; Terceiro and and lower length limits of length group Ross, 1993; Goodyear, 1997). Because s, respectively. of individual variation in growth rates and the variation in mortality rates at Because the normal distribution is different ages and sizes, the age and defined on the interval (–∞,∞), it has length composition of a fish stock are mass below zero which may not be constantly changing. With sufficient negligible for distributions centered information about a fish stock, the near zero or with large variance. Thus, change in the age-length composition the Pas's should be normalized across can be modeled and theoretical agelength groups for each age, i.e. length keys can be constructed for specific time periods. Age distributions Pas → Pas ∑Pas , can then be estimated from length s


The next major step for databases will not be to create bigger and bigger files. Instead, databases will become smarter. Expert systems that run on mainframe computers, which are smart enough to rival the professional judgements of experts within limited domains have already been developed. Expert systems interpose a level of machine intelligence that lets them act as an intelligent assistant to the user. They must be able to reveal their process of reasoning. The user must be able to see if the line of reasoning is valid and if he agrees with it. These knowledge based systems capture human expertise in dynamic models expressed in computer software.


The influence of egg predators and physical disturbance on lake trout Salvelinus namaycush egg mortality was investigated in situ in Lake Michigan where recruitment is below detectable levels and egg predator abundance is high. Comparisons were made with Lake Champlain where recruitment is low and egg predator abundance is also low and with Parry Sound (Lake Huron) where recruitment is moderate and egg predators are in low abundance. A multi-density egg seeding method (100 to 5000 eggs m−2) was used to quantify the effect of physical disturbance and egg predation on egg loss. Wind fetch was used as an index of physical disturbance and comparisons across all locations and egg densities suggested that at sites with high wind fetch (>5 km), physical disturbance may be a greater source of egg loss than predation. When analyses were limited to those sites having a wind fetch of <5 km, the percentage of eggs recovered was found to be linearly related to predator density. The strength of this relationship was based largely on egg recovery at 500 and 1000 eggs m−2 because recovery at lower (100, 250 eggs m−2) and very high (5000 eggs m−2) densities was not significantly related to predator density. The reason for this is probably that at low egg densities, crayfish Orconectes spp., the major egg predator at most sites, had difficulty finding and consuming eggs and at high egg densities they became satiated. Egg loss was directly related to wind fetch for Lake Michigan and on average six-fold greater than for Parry Sound suggesting that without corresponding changes in fecundity and age structure, lake trout populations in large lakes like Lake Michigan are inherently less productive than those from enclosed inland waters.


Using a sample of 102 Portuguese public-sector officials with project management experience, this study examines the characteristics of effective project managers in the Portuguese public sector. Factor-analysis procedures are used to identify the factors related to areas of knowledge relevant to effective project management. The results appear to stress the increasing importance of people, organizational, and leadership skills in the effective management of today's complex and dynamic projects.


Objective To investigate the dentin adhesive properties of the self-adhering flowable composite Dyad Flow and to discuss the effect of different surface treatments on dentin bonding performance. Methods The Dyad Flow was respectively bonded to the dentin surface of the following groups, untreatment( group DF), EDTA treatment( group E-DF), phosphate treatment( group P-DF), total etching adhesive single Bond2 treatment( group SB-DF) and self-etching adhesive Clearfil SE Bond treatment( group SE-DF). The shear bond strength was tested and the morphology of the bonding interface observed by scanning electron microscope. The results were compared with the resin-modified glass-ionomer FujiⅡ LC group. Results The shear bond strength( MPa) from high to low was as follows: SE-DF( 16.81±7.0) MPa SB-DF( 9.47±3.82) MPa Fuji ⅡLC( 4.53±1.5) MPa E-DF( 3.52±0.8) MPa P-DF( 3.51±0.63) MPa DF( 3.46±0.77) MPa. The adhesive interface fracture was the main mode in each group. No sign of resin tags formation on the bonding interface was detected in group DF, and different degree of resin tags was found in the remaining groups. The resin tags were long and of high density in the group of Clearfil SE Bond. Conclusion The self-adhering flowable composite resin Dyad Flow has dentin adhesive properties, comparable to FujiⅡ LC. Nether EDTA nor phosphate could significantly improve its dentin bonding properties, while adhesive might increase its dentin shear bond strength.


Progressive epidural hematoma (PEDH) after head injury is often observed on serial computerized tomography (CT) scans. Recent advances in imaging modalities and treatment might affect its incidence and outcome. In this study, PEDH was observed in 9.2% of 412 head trauma patients in whom two CT scans were obtained within 24 hours of injury, and in a majority of cases, it developed within 3 days after injury. In multivariate logistic regression, patient gender, age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at admission, and skull fracture were not associated with PEDH, whereas hypotension (odds ratio (OR) 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17–0.84), time interval of the first CT scanning (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.19–0.83), coagulopathy (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.15–0.85), or decompressive craniectomy (DC) (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.21–0.97) was independently associated with an increased risk of PEDH. The 3-month postinjury outcome was similar in patients with PEDH and patients without PEDH (χ 2 = 0.07, P = 0.86). In conclusion, epidural hematoma has a greater tendency to progress early after injury, often in dramatic and rapid fashion. Recognition of this important treatable cause of secondary brain injury and the associated risk factors may help identify the group at risk and tailor management of patients with TBI.


The Millennium Galaxy Catalogue (MGC) provides a structural database comprising 10,095 well resolved galaxies drawn from a 37.5 sq. deg region of sky, with $B_{\tiny \sc mgc} < 20.0$ mag and 96.1 per cent spectroscopic completeness. The data are being used to investigate a number of diverse topics including: the nearby galaxy merger rate (via close pairs and asymmetry); dust attenuation; bulge and disc luminosity functions; the luminosity size relations; the supermassive black hole mass function; galaxy bimodality; the space-density of high and low surface brightness galaxies; blue spheroids; and the total $B$-band luminosity function. Plans to extend the MGC in area (200 sq. deg), depth ($K_{Vega}=16.5$ mag), resolution (0.5$''$) and wavelength $(u-K)$ are underway.


On account of the practical requirements on shipboard working safety,based on the theory on hazard identification,risk assessment,control measures defined to reduce the likelihood of occurrence,the basic principles of risk identification onboard were discussed,the various activities needed to be undertaken risk identification were identified and some operational methods to do so were listed.It indicated that the factors which affect the shipboard working safety include human(the crew),physical(equipment,tool,cargo etc),environment(working environment and social environment)and management;and it was pointed out that the optimum classification was based on the factors which affect the shipboard working safety.For the first time it was proposed that evaluating the risk level of a job onboard under specific circumstances can be realized by assign the value to the hazard sources.It finally indicates that shipboard working safety inspection is one of the effective supplementary methods for risk identification of shipboard work.


This paper mainly designs an UHF RFID tag antenna, and also develops a novel UHF RFID tag antenna verification development platform, that are compatible with ISO/IEC 18000- 6B Standard, operating at the 915 MHz. The new folded RFID tag antenna is designed to reduce the length of the antenna's arms, stretch antenna's working band width and be able to adjust antenna's impedance. Through the simulation, the gain of this folded tag antenna is higher than the conventional dipole tag antenna. Joined with verification platform, the antenna is measured and the results match the designed parameters. The novel verification platform can reduce the design development time and the cost effectively, and therefore it has much value of application to the fast prototype design of the RFID tag antenna.


Model checking, a formal and automatic verification method, has been widely used to check specifications expressed not only as qualitative properties (e.g safety and liveliness), but also as quantitative properties (e.g. degree of reliability and reachability). In this paper, we present a method for probabilistic model checking of multi-agent systems specified by a probabilistic-epistemic logic PCTLK. We define transformations from probabilistic interpreted systems into Discrete-time Markov chains(DTMC) and from PCTLK formulae to PCTL formulae so that we are able to convert PCTLK model checking problems into PCTL model checking problem. The algorithm is implemented in the probabilistic model checker PRISM. Some properties, including agents' probabilistic knowledge, are verified and simulations are shown.


The proposed new ichnogenus Trusheimichnus n. ig., is a new name for forms hitherto assigned to Arenicolites. The trace fossil occurs in marine upper Middle Triassic limestones. A restudy of type material of Arenicolites franconicus Trusheim, 1934 revealed that the burrows are no U-burrows but irregular tubular structures that terminate in a small oval or bulbous chamber. Associated with the tubular structures are conical to lunate-shaped epichnial mounds.


Abstract The ultra-compact imaging spectrometer is a miniature imaging spectrometer that has been designed for compatibility with operation in a Martian environment. The spectrometer can be mated to a variety of front optics, both telescopic and microscopic. With a miniature telescope, it can serve as a rover mast instrument that surveys the surrounding area from a distance of ∼ 1     m to infinity and produces full spectral data (500 to 2500 nm) of a wide panoramic scene in order to find the most mineralogically promising targets for further analysis and for directing subsequent rover activities. With a microscopic front lens, it can serve as an analytical tool for determining types of minerals in a rock and their spatial relations at a scale of tens of micrometers in order to make detailed interpretations of geological history. A realization of the instrument, adapted for operation in the Earth's atmosphere, has been produced and tested both in the laboratory and in the field. The results prove the ability of the instrument to detect and map minerals of interest in both modes of operation.


An alloy containing Al – 3wt.% Cr – 3wt.% Fe – 0.8wt. % Ce, was prepared by melt spinning. Structure of obtained ribbons was observed by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found out that the structure is very fine. Microhardness of cross sectioned ribbons was also measured. Defects in structure were determined by positron annihilation spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the alloy was observed by comparing rapidly solidified ribbons and ribbons annealed at 400°C and at 500°C for 100 h


The kinetics of GSH oxidation to GSSG by cis-(diaqua)-bis-(ethylenediamine) cobalt(III) perchlorate was studied spectophotometrically under pseudo-first order condition using 103[Co(III)] = 5 mol dm-3, 2.5 \(\le\) 102[GSH] \(\le\) 10.00 mol dm-3, 3.5 \(\le\) pH \(\le\) 5.0, 318K \(\le\) T \(\le\) 333K at a fixed ionic strength I = 0.3 mol dm-3 (NaClO4). The disappearance of [Co (III)] at 500 nm with time showed first-order kinetic trend. The first order dependence on [GSH] and pH was observed. Temperature dependence of the second order rate constant k'2 = kobs/[GSH] were analyzed for the Co(III)-OH23+(k1) and Co(III)-OH2+(k2) reactivities. An outer-sphere complex formation between the Co(III) and GSH followed by one-electron transfer from GSH to Co(III) resulting the formation of Co(II) and GSH radical. The GSH radical under- goes fast dimerisation to GSSG. Activation parameters were calculated. These values favor the electron transfer reaction. Negative value of activation entropy corresponds to ordered transition state.


The excitability curve of the H reflex conditioned by stimulation of a mixed nerve was studied in eight Parkinsonism patients, before and after L-dopa therapy. There was no significant variation between the two curves. However, there was a reduction of the normal early inhibition of the H reflex conditioned by exteroceptive stimulation. This indicates the presence of alterations in the organisation of the reflex pathways at a spinal level in this disease.


ABSTRACT Background: Scotopic sensitivity syndrome, later called Meares-Irlen syndrome or simply Irlen syndrome (IS) has been described as symptoms of poor reading ability due to poor color matching and distorted graphic images. Individuals with this syndrome are considered slow, ineffective readers with low comprehension and visual fatigue. It is still uncertain whether the disease pathophysiology is an independent entity or part of the dyslexia spectrum. Nevertheless, treatments with lenses and colored filters have been proposed to alleviate the effect of the luminous contrast and improve patients' reading performance. However, no evidence of treatment effectiveness has been achieved. Objective: The aim of the present study was to obtain evidence about IS etiology, diagnosis and intervention efficacy. Methods: A systematic review was performed covering the available studies on IS, assessing the available data according to their level of evidence, focusing on diagnostic tools, proposed interventions and related outcomes. Results: The data showed high heterogeneity among studies, and lack of evidence on the existence of IS and treatment effectiveness. Conclusion: The syndrome as described, as well as its treatments, require further strong evidence.


Slaves and slavery were an accepted part of everyday Anglo-Saxon life. This paper examines a range of original sources that reveal the ways in which the teachings and practices of Christianity and Christians were part of that acceptance.


This article attempts to provide an overview of the key metadata research issues and the current projects and initiatives that are investigating methods and developing technologies aimed at improving our ability to discover, access, retrieve, and assimilate information on the Internet through the use of metadata.


In this case-control study, we investigated the association of G801A single nucleotide poly morphis ms (SNPs) in the SDF-1β gene (SDF-1β 3'A) with type 2 diabetes (T2DM ) in a south Indian population. In this assessment, peripheral blood samples were collected fro m 150 T2DM patients and 150 healthy controls who attended our tertiary care hospital in Chennai, India. Peripheral b lood genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to PCR-RFLP, to examine SDF-1β gene polymorphis m. Our results showed that the genotype frequency of "GG" was significantly associated with T2DM when compared to healthy controls (P <0.001). Interestingly, our results also showed that SDF-1 "G" allele to be risk allele (1.238 (0.899-1.706)) and "A" to be the protective allele fo r T2DM at least in our south Indian population. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that SDF-1β 3'A poly morphis m to play a role in the pathogenesis of T2DM.


The aim of this research was to study experimentally the thermodynamic behavior of a typical household refrigerator, by varying the vacuum insulation panel (VIP) coverage area and positioning around the cabinet. To this end, 16 samples of the same refrigerator model were constructed with distinct VIP arrangements and subjected to exhaustive reverse heat leakage) (RHL) and energy consumption tests. As expected, it was found that the energy consumption is dependent on both the coverage area and the positioning. The data gathered was analyzed statically in order to determine the most promising areas for the installation of the panels. Energy savings of 6% and 11% were observed when the panels were installed on the doors and on the rear wall, respectively. Overall, it was found that a coverage area of 56% reduces the energy consumption by 21%.


A shallow unconfined aquifer of fair transmissivity comprising highly decomposed crystalline rocks, overlain discontinuously by Pleistocene to Recent alluvial deposits was found to respond to artificially induced recharge from damming of drainage systems. This aquifer underlies five adjacent river basins draining a 246 km 2 area of low to moderate relief on the southwest coast of Sierra Leone, West Africa where alluvial and lateritic deposits of rutile (titanium oxide) are being mined by dredging. A review of pre-existing data and monitoring of water table levels in 23 observation wells and eight dredge-ponds over four successive water years showed that manipulating channels by construction and break down of dams has marked effects on the groundwater regime. Changes were observed in aquifer storage, steepening of the groundwater gradient leading to reversal in natural flow directions and modification of local transient flow systems between surface water bodies and the aquifer.


The relationships between flight dynamics and CFD are analyzed,the interaction between flight parameters and aerodynamic loads is taken into account,then a new flight simulation method based on high precision CFD is developed,thus the accuracy of aerodynamic data and flight data is improved,and aerodynamic loads,flight path and flight velocity can be obtained through only one numerical simulation.


Abstract Mathematical models of the average production rates are derived for two and three-stage production lines. The service times at each of the stages are assumed to be exponential random variables. An investigation is made of the effect of the amount of internal storage capacity on the output rate of the line. Additional investigations involve the optimum allocation of storage capacity and the decrease in the production rate caused by adding stages to the line.


A Basic program simulating seasonal population growth and decline in a honeybee colony is presented as an ecological teaching aid.


Semiconductor relay of this invention comprises a first and a second signal terminal, the substrate, the first switch circuit and a control circuit. The substrate includes a signal pattern forming the signal line between the first and second terminals. A first switch circuit has a semiconductor switch which is used to form or break a connection between the first and second signal terminals. The control circuit has a control IC for controlling the first switch circuit. The control IC is mounted on a land of the board. Land has a size corresponding to the control IC. Some or all of the land is included in a portion of the signal pattern.


Those on the lookout for some evidence that the growing of food is not wholly controlled by Monsanto/Pioneer's genetic engineers may find comfort with Daniel Imhoff's Farming with the Wild. Here is a book that reports on the author's search for what farmers and communities are doing throughout America to create viable agriculture while protecting wild lands, natural systems, and the environment as a whole: it's all about biological diversity and agricultural sustainability. Imhoff's book is the result of back-roads trips to some of the very best farms and ranches to be found, all of which are intent on protecting the ecosystems within which they exist. It is only recently that science-based management of ecosystems has been understood as critical to sustaining the health of our planet. The wanton draining of wetlands, suppressing of wildlife, and destroying of indigenous grasslands were part of the American pioneer tradition, a necessary route to conquering wilderness. European farmers settling in the new world believed that economic capital could be found by replacing wilderness with nice neat rows of corn. Today, it is understood that these "improvements" diminished water supplies, contaminated soils, and caused erosion and continued loss of species. The farmers and ecologists Imhoff visits believe that their land and soil are ecological capital that must be carefully managed for long-term sustainability. An important course correction is occurring in American agriculture, and this book seeks to provide a record of that change. Imhoff focuses on a group of general trends and observations that help define the difference between this new ecologically based agriculture and the economy-based agriculture that dominates the global market. These trends are as diverse as the farms he visits—from Ted Turner's fivehundred-thousand-acre ranch landholdings in southwest New Mexico to Frank Morton's fifty-five-acre lettuce farm in the eastern foothills of Oregon—with the result that it is extremely hard to define or standardize what is ecologically responsible agriculture. However, Farming with the Wild does show how important biodiversity is to the future of farming. Imhoff visits the Sky Islands, a region that encompasses over 10.2 million acres spanning the New Mexico–Arizona–Mexico border and terminating in the foothills of the Sierra Madre. This vast bioregion hosts over four thousand plant species and a huge diversity of reptiles and mammals; it is also the flyway for more than half of all the breeding bird species in North America. Thus, it is an area of great ecological significance. Today, this region is subject to a plan prepared by the Sky Island Wildlife Network predicated on the protection of large reserves of untrammeled wilderness areas to secure foraging for predators such as bears, wolves, jaguars, and mountain lions and to protect grasslands for the prairie dog and black-footed ferret. Imhoff introduces us to Jho Austin, a Sky Island rancher in southeast Arizona whose lands receive only fifteen or twenty inches of rain each year. Over the past twenty years the Austins have installed over twenty thousand dry-stacked stone gabions to create small check dams to retain pooled water in what were once dry creeks. This certainly is not a new idea in the arid West, but here it is being done not only to provide higher profitability but to protect the rare Sonoran mud turtle that now lives in the successive vegetation growing along these water courses. It's a wonderful example of how a rancher not only respects biodiversity but is proud of the endangered species that live upon his land, even as he enhances economic profitability. Imhoff steps away from North American projects to visit Doug Tompkins and his eighteen-thousand-acre reserve on the Ayacara Peninsula in the southern Palena region of Chile. Tompkins, as many will remember, was founder of the Esprit clothing company. He has recently protected well over seven hundred thousand acres throughout Chile and Argentina and is one of the organizers of the Foundation for Deep Ecology. On my visit to Ayacara, I was surprised at how little agriculture was permitted. In fact, most of the activity within these huge holdings appeared to be directed toward reclaiming lands that had been, for many generations, exploited by poor farmers trying to make a living on a soggy peninsula whose harsh climate provides two hundred inches of rain per year. My visit made clear that although it is important to protect large blocks of forestlands, it is also critical to encourage the inhabitants of these third-world 118


For any $N\geq 2$ we prove the existence of quasi-periodic orbits lying on N-dimensional invariant elliptic tori for the planetary planar $(N+1)$-body problem. For small planetary masses, such orbits are close to the limiting solutions given by the N planets revolving around the sun on planar circles. The eigenvalues of the linearized secular dynamics are also computed asymptotically. The proof is based on an appropriate averaging and KAM theory which overcomes the difficulties caused by the intrinsic degeneracies of the model. For concreteness, we focus on a caricature of the outer solar system.


The alarm bells have been ringing long and loud for Australian languages and, over the last half century, people have increasingly begun to heed them and respond. Rather than simply bemoaning the grim progress of attrition, Indigenous Australian community members and supportive linguists are increasingly talking in terms of saving languages and acting with the stated goal of bringing them back. The recent publication of Re-awakening languages: Theory and practice in the revitalisation of Australia's Indigenous languages belatedly marked this turning point by evidencing sufficient activity to sustain a substantial volume of papers. However, (10 words identifying information omitted) it also starkly highlighted several of the issues in the process that are currently not being talked about – at least not publicly. This paper seeks to shine a spotlight on some of the larger 'elephants in the room' of Australian revitalisation in the hope that doing so will spur people to start discussing them openly, and avoid the risk that continuing to disregard them could limit progress or frustrate the achievement of desired outcomes. Issues to be considered include the need to identify clear and realistic goals and make concrete plans for their attainment; whether documentation, technology or school are the answer; the role of linguists, and; whether protocols are helping or hindering the process. While the discussion is focused on the Australian context it is certain to resonate with the experience of others also fighting to recover from language loss. It relates directly to the conference theme and reflects on the relationship between documentation and language revitalisation, and the role of formal instruction in that. It also reflects on the topics of communities' experiences of revitalisation, language planning, the role of technology in teaching/learning small languages and assessing success in revitalisation strategies.


We present a class of higher dimensional Hilbert‐type inequalities on a fractal set (ℝ+αn)k . The crucial step in establishing our results are higher dimensional spherical coordinates on a fractal space. Further, we impose the corresponding conditions under which the constants appearing in the established Hilbert‐type inequalities are the best possible. As an application, our results are compared with the previous results known from the literature.


With a case study, this paper explores of a corporate project team of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) how to capture the key successful factors of the ERM first two steps to ensure the implication of ERM success in China. The article stresses the two phases' importance to ERM and point out some pitfalls in them at first. Then, the research figure out those key successful factors which the project team need to capture to avoid those pitfalls with a case. At last, the paper stress that only the ERM team takes measures to meet the factors according to different corporate situations, ERM can be kept in the right direction.


Digital transformation is playing a critical function in various industries worldwide and transforming the manner in which establishments deliver products, conduct operations and fulfil orders. What if we can optimise the business enterprise's typical manual or repetitive processes and reduce costs, all without making a first-rate IT funding or hiring a new team of workers? RPA is being used in different industries to automate and boost up tasks that have been done manually. The primary objective of this study is to understand the interaction between different barriers that happen to occur before the RPA implementation takes place, thus preventing firms from transforming their manual processes digitally. The literature review gathered along with expert's opinions obtained through various focused interviews conducted with managers and executives from varied backgrounds helped in determining the relationship between various different barriers and build a reachability matrix. This matrix has been used to conduct Interpretive Structural Modelling Analysis. The results obtained from the ISM analysis holistically assist in deriving the driving power and dependence of various crucial barriers. Thus, providing insights about which barriers to prioritise before potentially implementing Robotic Process Automation to manual processes.)


Globalization creates the common market for the whole world apart of the single market. due to this interdependency every business entity has to face to the its own risk. Focusing on the Colombo district small and medium tourist industry researcher pointed out the risk of globalization transmit through the political crisis, economic crisis and information technology. Comparing to previous researches with regard to the topic it has identified the primary and secondary data used researches with several research models.A sample frame of 100 (N=100) was selected under the nonprobabilistic sampling technique from the Colombo district based small and medium tourist restaurants. face to face interview method used withthe comprehensive questionnaire to collect the primary data. as a research Model, canonical correlation and Manova used as a research model to present the result of the data. SPSS and MS Excel were used to analyze the collected data. As a main finding of the study, there exists a positive correlation between globalization and entrepreneurial risk. According to the research findings entrepreneurs should avoid the risk because risk causes the huge damage to the business. As a risk avoiding methods entrepreneurs should keep adequate savings and appropriaterisk-taking practices. An Open Access Journal from The Law Brigade Publishers 155 Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Review (AJMRR) ISSN 2582 8088 Volume 2 Issue 2 [April May 2021] © 2015-2021 All Rights Reserved by The Law Brigade Publishers INTRODUCTION Globalization is a compulsory process which influence to every kind of business, social strata, culture, education and human and nonhuman life making boundaryless world. Due to the globalization every kind of nations are able to deal with the rest of the world. globalization help to release the barriers for the development.The developed countries got the chance to invest in the developing countries creating more opportunities (blogspot.com.2009).Globalization is the process towards the integration of national economies towards the global economy through the trad and different kind of factors.Further this causes the boundaryless market around the world. Globalization causes the eliminate monopolistic behavior of the market and strength the market competition, Innovation, expansion and privatization of the countries (Shanquan, 2000). due to the globalization today, every country has to face to the international trade without regulations. Globalization process makes it easier to transfer money, business information and knowledge, ignoring the boundaries and volume of the institution or country. Due to the globalization cash, labor, capital, technology, development transfer between countries and continents ignoring the length of the country (Siriginidi, 1996). Sri Lankan tourism industry also became more general due to the world due to the globalization. After the development of the trade between countries and continent tourist's arrival became more. Due to that tourism became a more influenced industry to the Sri Lankan economy. Tourists restaurant and hotel industry also became more Important as major tourism service supplier. With the globalization tourist hotel and restaurant sector became more developed and that sector became mostnegatively and positively fluctuated sector from the globalization. As and example due to the easter Sunday bomb attack and covid-19 Sri Lankan whole tourist sector became helpless. this is the great example for risk of the globalization for the tourist sector. This risk speared through the economic crisis, political crisis andinformation technology for the whole tourist sector. An Open Access Journal from The Law Brigade Publishers 156 Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Review (AJMRR) ISSN 2582 8088 Volume 2 Issue 2 [April May 2021] © 2015-2021 All Rights Reserved by The Law Brigade Publishers LITERATURE REVIEW globalization generally recognized the importance of understanding economic, political, social phenomena seemingly given to the complex scenario of it. there is no generally accepted definition for globalization (Morrison and Soesastro, 1998). According to Adie (2004), globalization is a phenomenon as well a process that minimizes the geographic distance bridging the above factors.in the same vein, economic, political, technological and socioeconomic transformations spread the process of globalization. Globalization process creates the new opportunities for every business and it damages the businesses as well.Globalized economies have higher growth rates than nonglobalized economies(Bhagwati and Srinivasan, 2002).in this decade more countrieswith capitalist economyare operate under the globalization because everyone has opportunity with the globalization as and example Sri Lanka became most remarkable country for tourism industry. There is plethora of countries than Sri Lanka with political, Land and community power but they are unable to compete against Sri Lankan tourism sector because tourists are getting the details of Sri Lanka through the internet then they decide their travel destination. Globalization sharpen the opportunities for every country not regards with its anything.rapidly growing financial globalization possess difference challenges during recent years (Lane, Maria and Ferretti, 2004). Recently globalization devotes many challenges for the business entities. Rapid movement of the financial capital causes the destabilization of social entities around the world. Globalization is the major force of economic and financial integration of the world but it careers huge risk to the economies (Tran, Collyns, Portilla, Gibbs and Huefner, 2014). risk of globalization became a heavy challenge for the businesses. recent trend of the risk of globalization can identified through the covid-19 incidence because Sri Lankan tourism related every sectors face to the decline and addition to that every kind of worldwide businesses has to face to the fail situations. especially international trade and related every kind of businesses are damaged and bank services, other trade related facilities, suppliers' services were dropped due to the global pandemic and its impacts. Globalization specialist mention that risk of globalization transfer through the information technology, political crisis, economic crisis and -based risks. Technology is one of the major motivating forces which boosted the globalization of the market, resulting in 'converging commodity' in countries around the planet (Levitt, 1983). To assert that, the driving force of An Open Access Journal from The Law Brigade Publishers 157 Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Review (AJMRR) ISSN 2582 8088 Volume 2 Issue 2 [April May 2021] © 2015-2021 All Rights Reserved by The Law Brigade Publishers globalization is certainly the progress of technology and due to that it speeds up the process of globalization and contributes to essential transformation of the economic system .other than the basic arguments, some researches elaborated that, information technology systems affects internationalization, expansion, business growth and competition of the multinational, small and medium enterprises which are operating around the world. The assemblage of communication, computer and information technologies make easier to process and use the information from remote location (Jimba, 1998). As indicated by (Adei, 2004) a company cannot be a major actor without the use of communication technology. Information and technology assume a major part for modern companies. Political globalization makes access to entrepreneurs while transferring the risks. globalization removes all the access barriers to enter the international capital and finance to promote the real choices and opportunities to the markets to empower the customers (UNCTAD,1996). this idea is further developed as the political globalization processes which causes the structural transformation of the world order and remove obstacles to the mobility of all factors of production, increased interdependence of the trade between the countries and that process influence the multipartite of the society (Moghadam,1999).Stiglitz(2002) Stiglitz(2017) arguing that the western countries are acting through the process of privatization, liberalization and stabilization.as a result many southern countries have come worse off.in order to tighten the above idea, (Sen,2002) argued that the market economy does not work by itself in global relations indeed, it cannot operate alone even within a given country. Economic crisis emerged with all kinds of irresponsible administering of the country and caused bad effect on every investment of fund and assets prices of the economy(Chang and Velasco,1998).this idea further developed by Armstrong (2009), economic crisis is a threat to the every economic related assets of the economy.in recently Ghosal (2006) contributed with his ideas as, government decision, aggregate demand, supply, world market fluctuations, international influences and international liquidity. Internationalization of the country economy caused the economic crisis in the domestic financial system because crisis is primarily based on above influence. World market crisis situations affect the local market as follows. Economic crisis slows down the economic development and the total output of the country (Lewin, Peeters and Massini, 2009. p.33). Sri Lankan tourist restaurant sector is constantly fluctuated by the above-mentioned risks because tourist restaurants and tourism An Open Access Journal from The Law Brigade Publishers 158 Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Review (AJMRR) ISSN 2582 8088 Volume 2 Issue 2 [April May 2021] © 2015-2021 All Rights Reserved by The Law Brigade Publishers sectorsare the one of mostly sensitive to the global economy.According to the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) report 2020 January to June tour


Numerous tiny curved to slightly sinuous subvertical tubicolous bioclaustrations occur in stromatoporoids from the Katri cliff biostrome. About 77.8% (N = 18) of Katri biostrome stromatoporoids contained worm endobionts. Chaetosalpinx sibiriensis occurs in Plectostroma scaniense, Petridiostroma convictum and "Stromatopora" bekkeri/Parallelostroma typicum. Helicosalpinx concoenatus occurs in P. scaniense. The distribution of C. sibiriensis is thus not restricted to tabulate corals because it also occurs in stromatoporoids. H. concoenatus was not endemic to North America as it also occurs in the Late Silurian of Baltica.


We investigated among- and within-year community-level patterns in the phenology of wood-warblers (Parulidae) in old field/deciduous forest habitat in western Pennsylvania. The numbers of each of 29 species of warblers captured in mist nets were summed over six-day intervals from January 1981 to December 1985, and the data for spring and fall periods were analyzed separately by detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). De- spite substantial annual variation in species abundances, patterns and rates of species turn- over were consistent across years. However, within-year patterns differed qualitatively be- tween seasons; in fall, species turnover was unidirectional (species replaced each other in sequence), whereas in spring it was bi-directional (community composition in late spring came to resemble that earlier in the season). Timing of migration was also associated with the general regions in which species either bred or wintered. DCA proved to be a powerful tool for analysis of dynamic community patterns. Received 29 July 1998, accepted 8 January 1999.


with the accelerating of economic globalization process,with the deepening of international division of labor,more and more companies adopt the model of outsourcing.BRIC,as the representative of the emerging economies and the bellwether of developing countries,have a lot of opportunities in accepting service outsourcing.Currently,among BRIC,India has the strongest capacity to accept service outsourcing,China is the second,Russia and Brazil are relatively weak,these four countries should take certain measures according to the disadvantage in service outsourcing of each country,largely cultivate specialized talents for outsourcing,and create institutional environment for boosting outsourcing industry.China should strengthen intellectual property right protection,improve commercial environment,perfect talent cultivation mode,optimize talent supply structure,pertinently develop the market of the countries which have service outsourcing and accelerate marketization and industrialization of scientific and technological results.


Social networks usually serve as critical medium for information transmission, diffusion of epidemics, and spread of behaviour through sharing activities or similarities between individuals. A great interest in studying social influence and spread dynamics in social networks are witnessed recently. The related social network models are usually used for simulating and validating real social systems by using simulation data. But most of these social network models are built on existing nodes to study their edge statistical characteristics, such as degree distribution, clustering coefficient, community structure and etc., little consideration of evolutionary dynamics of social networks are involved, which are the physical base of various social networks and also an important research topic. In this paper, we consider one issue that what kind of factors is beneficial or harmful to the growth of nodes in a social network. Cellular automaton model is applied in this paper to attempt to study this issue, which can be seen as an evolutionary dynamics of a social network. Three kinds of factors named selfishness, reciprocity, and altruism, which are essential for constructing a social network, are introduced in the paper to analyse how they affect the growth of the virtual social network. A conclusion is obtained that reciprocity and altruism promote growth of nodes in the social network, on the other hand, selfishness inhibits the growth. We think it is interesting and significant to study this issue.


AcknowledgmentsThe Bowl of Diogenes or, The End of CriticismVerse Chronicle: Out on the LawnVerse Chronicle: Stouthearted MenThe Most Contemptible Moth: Lowell in LettersForward Into the Past: Reading the New CriticsVerse Chronicle: One If by LandVerse Chronicle: The Great American DesertThe State with the Prettiest NameElizabeth Bishop UnfinishedElizabeth Bishop's Sullen ArtVerse Chronicle: Jumping the SharkVerse Chronicle: Victoria's SecretAttack of the AnthologistsThe Lost World of Lawrence DurrellHart Crane OverboardOn Reviewing Hart CraneThe Endless Ocean of Derek WalcottThe Civil Power of Geoffrey HillVerse Chronicle: God's ChatterVerse Chronicle: Let's Do It, Let's Fall in LuffPynchon in the PoeticBack to the Future (Thomas Pynchon )Verse Chronicle: The World Is Too Much with UsVerse Chronicle: Valentine's Day MassacreThe Forgotten Masterpiece of John Townsend TrowbridgeFrost at MidnightInterview by Garrick DavisPermissionsBooks Under ReviewIndex of Authors Reviewed


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of the joint programs of uterine cavity packing gauze and Carboprost Tromethamine Injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.Methods 64 cases of postpartum hemorrhage patients hospitalized in our hospital were chosen and randomly divided into control group and treatment group(32 in each).The control group was treated with routine hemostatic treatment;the treatment group received joint programs of uterine cavity packing gauze and Carboprost Tromethamine Injection.The operation time,bleeding volume and postpartum 2 and 24h were compared.Results The operation time in treatment group was shorter than that in the control group,24h and 2h postpartum bleeding volume were less than that those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion The clinical efficacy for the joint programs of uterine cavity packing gauze and Carboprost Tromethamine Injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage is effective,and it is an effective measure of treatment for postpartum hemorrhage.


This article shows the implication of religion for education of personality morals and formation of faith and strong beliefs. Special emphasis is made on necessity of respect formation towards representatives of different confessions. In the article there are presented opinions of different religious figures about necessity of work and make "noble causes".


The terminal velocities and sizes of drops in aqueous two-phase systems formed by PEG (4000)-sodium sulphate-water, PEG (6000)-sodium sulphate-water and PEG (4000)-dextran-water were measured. Nozzle sizes were varied from 1.0 to 2.5 mm and the drops were formed of both light and heavy phases.

Based on video photographic analysis for drop formation, the shape of the drop during formation was found to have an important bearing on the drop volume. Therefore a generalised model was developed using the video photographic measurements. A correlation was developed for the terminal velocities of the drops in aqueous two phase systems, which covers Morton numbers from 0.00211 to 11050 and Eotvos numbers from 0.091 to 288.

On a mesure les vitesses et les tailles terminales de gouttes dans des systemes diphasiques aqueux formes de PEG (4000)-sulfate de sodium-eau, PEG (6000)-sulfate de sodium-eau et PEG (4000)-dextrane-eau. On a fait varier les tailles des orifices de 1,0 a 2,5 mm et les gouttes ont ete formees de phases legere et lourde.

D'apres l'analyse photographique par video de la formation des gouttes, on a trouve que la forme de la goutte lors de la formation avait une influence importante sur le volume de la goutte. On a donc mis au point un modele generalise utilisant les mesures photographiques. On a etabli une correlation pour les vitesses terminales des gouttes dans des systemes diphasiques aqueux, qui couvre les nombres de Morton de 0,00211 a 11050 et les nombres d'Eotvos de 0,091 a 288.


Manufacturing enterprise today has become a matter of effective and efficient application of information technology and knowledge-based engineering. Several new manufacturing paradigms such as virtual enterprise (or extended enterprise) and mass customization have resulted in a highly distributed and autonomous manufacturing system. On the one hand, this will increase the competitiveness of a firm in terms of quickly meeting dynamic changes in the market; on the other hand, this will also increase the difficulty of integrating different information and knowledge systems residing in each member firm. This integration is also called enterprise application integration (EAI) (here the term application means information systems or software systems for supporting manufacturing or service activities). The methodology for EAI has been studied for at least a decade; but no satisfactory solution has been found from a practical viewpoint. EAI is becoming even more difficult due to the boom in various enterprise information and knowledge systems (and also to ever increasing competition in the technical software market). The study presented in this paper conducted a critical analysis of existing solutions to EAI. We consider EAI as having two generic issues: semantic integration and syntactic integration. The main problem of semantic integration reduces to the general problem of enterprise or business modelling. The main problem of syntactic integration reduces to the general problem of software architecture of enterprise applications which enables interoperability between any two EAs. While the first issue is studied in the manufacturing field, the second issue is studied in the computing engineering field. In this paper, both issues are put together under the context of EAI and studied. The result of the study, together with our experience with one Canadian manufacturing firm, has led to the identification of several issues to be addressed in the future. We also outline possible ways to approach these issues.


GENIE, the Geneva Environmental Information System, is a modular information and decision support system that is being developed at the University of Geneva under the auspices of the Centre Universitaire d'Ecologie Humaine in collaboration with: the Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, the HEC Logilab group, the Departement de Geographie, the Groupe des Sciences de la Terre, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Geneve and Laboratoire Universitaire de biosystematique et floristique. GENIE aims at providing an easily accessible and easy to use, but highly integrated repository of environmental information and decision support tools. Designed as a distributed system based on a flexible client-server architecture, it brings together various and distributed data and information resources In addition to descriptive information, the system also provides tools for WHAT-IF analysis, supporting the design and analysis of scenarios of environmental planning, management and policy, by forecasting the impacts of potential actions. While the system will eventually address the full range of urban and regional environmental problems, the first implementation concentrates on air quality assessment and management, and the energy and transportation sectors as the main sources of emissions.


THIS SET OF APPENDICES TO PART A (FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS) CONSISTS OF A DISCUSSION OF THE ELEMENTS OF PLANNING, PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION OF QUESTIONNAIRES USED IN THE STUDY, DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION, AN ANALYSIS OF COMMUNITY VALUES IN RELATION TO THE PLANNING PROCESS, A MODEL OF CONFLICT IN PLANNING, AND APPROACHES TO THE ADJUSTMENT OF PARTISAN VIEWS.


Indonesia has had a long history of interaction with China marked with periods of warm understanding and cold misunderstandings. In the modern era in particular ties have been complicated by domestic politics. As China rises in the 21st century and takes its place in the world, Indonesia has to be able to define its relationship vis-a-vis China. To be able to do this, Indonesians need to better understand China. Ability to understand the Chinese language and China's culture, although basic and essential, is no longer enough. The study of modern China needs to go beyond the traditional understanding of Sinology, strengthened by other academic disciplines, if Indonesians want to better anticipate the dynamics of Indonesia-China relations.


We are building a new disposable manufacturing system to support the development and manufacturing of mAb and mAb-related products. We have made choices that are different than many others in the field of continuous and integrated processing. These choices avoid many misperceptions about continuous processing, are consistent with a staged approach to implementation, and facilitate manufacturing in either large-scale disposable or stainless manufacturing facilities.