Twelve ecto-and endo-parasites were found in different organs of 8 native and introduced fish species in Choghakhor lagoon situated in the west of Iran. Overall 130 fish specimens belonging to Cyprinidae, Cyprinodontidae and poecliidae families were examined during 2005 to 2006. Six Monogenean species belonging to the Dactylogyridae, Gyrodactylidae families were found and identified to species and genus level included Dactylogyrus extensus, D.anchoratus, D.spiralis, D.lamellatus, Gyrodactylus sp1 and Gyrodactylus sp2. The number of helminthes reached 9 by adding 3 Digenean metacercaria: Diplostomum spathaceum, Tylodelphys clavata and Ornithodiplostomum sp and 3 Cestoda species including Bothriocephalus gowkongensis, Kawia sp and a pseudophyllidean cestode. Among the parasites above D.spiralis, T.clavata, Ornithodiplostomum sp are reported for the first time in Iran. Seasonal prevalence, Host and organ specifity of parasites are discussed.


We present a lattice calculation of the electromagnetic form factor of the pion obtained using the tree-level Symanzik improved gauge action with two flavors of dynamical twisted Wilson quarks. The simulated pion masses range approximately from 260 to 580 MeV, and the lattice box sizes are chosen in order to guarantee that M pi L greater than or similar to 4. Accurate results for the form factor are obtained using all-to-all quark propagators evaluated by a stochastic procedure. The momentum dependence of the pion form factor is investigated up to values of the squared four-momentum transfer Q(2)similar or equal to 0.8 GeV2 and, thanks to the use of twisted boundary conditions, down to Q(2)similar or equal to 0.05 GeV2. Volume and discretization effects on the form factor appear to be within the statistical errors. Our results for the pion mass, decay constant and form factor are analyzed using (continuum) chiral perturbation theory at next-to-next-to-leading order. The extrapolated value of the pion charge radius is (phys)=0.456 +/- 0.030(stat)+/- 0.024(syst) in nice agreement with the experimental result. The extrapolated values of the pion form factor agree very well with the experimental data up to Q(2)similar or equal to 0.8 GeV2 within uncertainties which become competitive with the experimental errors for Q(2)greater than or similar to 0.3 GeV2. The relevant low-energy constants appearing in the chiral expansion of the pion form factor are extracted from our lattice data, which come essentially from a single lattice spacing, adding the experimental value of the pion scalar radius in the fitting procedure. Our findings are in nice agreement with the available results of chiral perturbation theory analyses of pi-pi scattering data as well as with other analyses of our collaboration.


Abstract : Simplified equations for computing required separation distances to prevent cosite and intersite interference situations among airbase and non-tactical communications systems are developed and presented in this report. An analysis of intermodulation, adjacent channel and co-channel interference and current deployments and frequency assignments indicate that interference is not only possible but very probable. It is concluded that the use of reduced transmitter powers and channel sharing techniques is necessary to alleviate the interference situation. A tabular method for computing third-order intermodulation products within the base non-tactical frequency family is also presented. (Author)


Onomatopoeia is a very important lexical and language phenomenon in both Chinese and English.But because of the different language formations and thinking ways,there are many similarities and differences of onomatopoeia in the two languages.It will help us to grasp this figurative speech to research the onomatopoeia and to compare and analyze their similarities and differences,thus promoting our translation.


Abstract Introduction: Although Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third most common endocrine disorder, parathyroid carcinoma and atypical parathyroid adenoma are the rarest of endocrine tumours. The true incidence of atypical parathyroid adenomas has been elusive to endocrinologists since it is not possible to differentiate clinically between parathyroid carcinoma and atypical parathyroid adenomas before histological analysis. Atypical parathyroid adenoma represents a group of an intermediate form of parathyroid neoplasms with uncertain malignant potential. The majority of patients present with hypercalcaemia, however the development of atypical adenoma in patients with known PHPT is extremely rare. Clinical Case: A 78-year-old gentleman presented at the emergency department with lethargy and slurred speech which had started 1 week ago. Blood tests revealed severe hypercalcaemia. (Ca 4.98 mmol/L, PTH 114.2 pmol/L). The patient had a background of primary hyperparathyroidism which was diagnosed due to incidental mild hypercalcaemia (Ca 2.71 mmol/L, PTH 17.57 pmol/L, 25OH-vitamin D3 55 nmol/L). 2 weeks prior to presentation to the Emergency Department calcium and PTH levels were stable. On clinical examination, he was found mildly confused with no other clinical findings. No precipitating factors were identified. Hydration with IV crystalloids commenced and bisphosphonate IV was given. In view of PHPT Cinacalcet was added to treatment (30 mg BD). While the calcium levels seemed to improve initially, (lowest level achieved Ca 3.05 mmol/L) a week later they started to rise gradually. Hypercalcaemia proved refractory to medical treatment despite concomitant use of aggressive hydration, increased cinacalcet dose, second intravenous bisphosphonate, and intravenous calcitonin. Neck U/S revealed a probable parathyroid adenoma measuring 2cm axially at the inferior pole of the left thyroid lobe. In view of the severity and refractory nature of hypercalcaemia, a PET CT was requested which identified an 18 mm soft tissue mass in the left lower neck posterior to the left thyroid lobe with moderate to intense FDG uptake. There was no evidence of increased uptake elsewhere. The patient required 2 sessions of haemodialysis to maintain calcium levels around 3.5 preoperatively. He underwent parathyroidectomy with histological findings in keeping with atypical parathyroid adenoma. Gradual reduction of calcium levels was noted post-operatively with the lowest on day 10 (1.99) when he was started on oral calcium supplementation. The patient remains under follow-up with normal calcium levels 6 months postoperatively while remains on calcium and vitamin D3 supplements. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the only case of a patient with known primary hyperparathyroidism and mild hypercalcaemia, to develop severe parathyroid crisis with refractory to medical management hypercalcaemia within 2 weeks. Prompt surgical intervention remains of paramount importance in the management of these patients. They should have lifelong follow up in the view of uncertain malignant potential of the atypical parathyroid adenoma.


Objective To investigate the availability and strategy of breast reconstruction for patients with caesarotomy scar using pedicled TRAM flap.Methods From January 2007 to May 2011,12 cases of breast reconstruction with caesarotomy scar were carried out with pedicled TRAM flaps.All the patients that were classified as the class Ⅱ that was 0.5 or less by score were operated on by using the inverted trapezoid incision,of which the upper edge was 2 or 3 cm down to the umbilicus.Double pedicles were adopted for the patient with the longest vertical scar; single pedicle of the breast contralateral side and the muscle sheath of the breast ipsilateral side were harvested for the rest of the patients.A synthetic mesh was used for the enforcement of the muscle and sheath defect.Results No flap necrosis or abdominal complications were observed.With the follow-up from 3 months to 4 years and 4 months,the overall satisfactory rate was 100 %.Conclusions The strict patient selection and the operating strategy are the keys to the successful breast reconstruction for patients with caesarotomy scar using pedicled TRAM flap.

Key words:
Breast reconstruction;  Caesarotomy;  Transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap (TRAM flap)


The invention discloses a method for making a double-sided flexible printed circuit board by using a pure copper plate as a base material and relates to a production process of the flexible printed circuit board. The method comprises the process steps of cutting, drilling, pressing of a cover film, filling of circuit ink, circuit etching, pressing of a cover film, screen printing, surface processing, reinforcing and the like. According to the invention, the acid-resistance circuit ink or liquid photoimagable resist ink is filled at finger hollow-out positions of an open region of the cover films, the height difference of the hollow-out positions is reduced and the subsequent processing is convenient to carry out, and thus, the method has simple and reasonable process, the qualified rate of the formed product can be effectively improved and the method is also beneficial for reducing the production cost.


Let C[0, t] denote a generalized Wiener space, the space of realvalued continuous functions on the interval [0, t] and define a random vector Zn : C[0, t] → Rn by Zn(x) = ( ∫ t1 0 h(s)dx(s), · · · , ∫ tn 0 h(s)dx(s)), where 0 < t1 < · · · < tn = t is a partition of [0, t] and h ∈ L2[0, t] with h = 0 a.e. In this paper, with the conditioning function Zn, we derive a simple formula for a generalized conditional Wiener integral of functions on C[0, t]. As applications of the formula, we evaluate the generalized conditional Wiener integrals of various functions on C[0, t].


As the city is commercialized, the number of stores is increased and it also makes outdoor billboards' number increased accordingly. And signboards on the street make pedestrians unpleasant, making light pollution by light reflection. In this study, we measured the luminance to target the outdoor signboards of commercial area in Seoul. On the basis of the obtained results, the External system showed high luminance values, and the luminance values of Letter-type system were lower. Furthermore, the measured value at the midnight time was higher, and we considered that the more floating population bring about the high luminance value of the External system. The signboards of External system should be avoided, the Letter-type system should be recommended.


A theory as to the cause of Perthes' disease which seems to cover all cases is that it is due to defective epiphyseal tissue plus trauma and that trauma alone, if severe enough, may cause the disease.


A steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is a neural response observed in the visual cortex evoked by repetitive visual stimulation. In an SSVEP-based brain-computer interface (BCI) application various visual stimuli that induce SSVEPs at different frequencies are associated with distinct commands; a user activates a particular command by focusing on the targeted stimulus. The pattern of these visual stimuli is one of the properties that affects the accuracy of SSVEP detection. This work thus compares the two most common types of stimuli, which are the plain and checkerboard stimuli, for BCI systems. Results showed a statistically significant 9.26% average increase in SSVEP classification when using a plain stimulus over a checkerboard stimulus.


This work reports the situation of technicians employed in chemical industries in Curitiba city, working in chemistry and related fields. The aim of this study is to characterize not only their work conditions, but also their social, economic, professional and educational profiles.


Self-development leads to a unique career for each individual.College life is a crucial period for the self-development of students. According to relevant research, there is a high degree of correlation between one's confidence of securing a job and the career target one has established, but over 70% of the students are either dependent on others for career planning, or at a loss what to do about it. Educators may start with analyzing the current situation around and the problems of the students in connection with their target setting, constructing an educational environment suitable for their self-development and eventually, by means of a systematic coaching, helping them in setting up their career targets.


A completely general treatment of normal mode analysis is developed that can be used with any potential energy function and any set of generalized coordinates. The method is applied to the calculation of the normal modes of the small protein bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor that has been the subject of many previous theoretical studies. The potential energy function used comprises a torsion angle potential, a van der Waals potential between nonbonded pairs of atoms, and a hydrogen bond potential. Therefore, the generalized coordinates used are the 208 Φ, ϕ, and χ torsion angles about single bonds. This eliminates the difficulties inherent in using internal or Cartesian coordinates for a large molecule. Many dynamic properties of the protein may now be calculated in the normal mode description. In particular, the rms magnitudes and pair correlations of the fluctuations in positions and velocities of the α-carbon atoms and various classes of torsion angles, such as backbone, side chain, β-sheet, and α-helix, are calculated and analyzed to identify the most correlated modes. In addition, the ir intensities are calculated.


This paper reports on studying changes of DNA content in rat's brain cells by image analysis in order to find out an objective and quantitative standard for the estimation of early postmortem interval Fifteen rat's were execute follwed by collection of brain cells per hour at the period of 24 hours After death after that,cell smears made,fixed with the formalin and stained with Feulgen's method The integral optical density parameter and average gray level parameter of cell DNA were measured with auto TV image system.Data were analyzed with statistic method Our results suggest that there is a linear relationship between the early postmortem interval and the degradation of DNA from rat's brain cells


In this paper we study the problem of the lower semicontinuous (l.s.c.) regularization of the Signorini problem in Hencky plasticity for a special class of elastic‐perfectly plastic solids. We show that the relaxation given by Bojarski (Nonlinear Analysis, Theory, Methods & Applications 1997; 29(10) 1091) is the l.s.c. regularization of the Signorini problem in the case that the elastic‐perfectly plastic potential sastisfies a specific condition, which is a modification of the von Mises plastic principle. Moreover, we show the relation between the relaxation proposed by Suquet (Non‐smooth Mechanics and Applications. Springer Verlag: Wien, 1988) and the relaxation proposed by Kohn and Temam (Applied Mathematics and Optimization 1993; 10(1):1). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


For high-precision grinding of the workpiece surface, a flexible grinding device driven by the cylinder is developed in this paper. The hysteresis nonlinearity of the cylinder greatly reduces the control accuracy of the system output force. In this paper, an modified PI hysteresis model with inertia element and saturation model in series is proposed. After the experiment on the developed experimental platform, it is found that compared with the traditional PI hysteresis model, the modified PI model proposed in this paper improves the results of fitting rate-dependent hysteresis curve and non-center-symmetric hysteresis curve, laying a solid foundation for the later design of high-precision control algorithm.


Eczema can have a substantial impact on children's and young people's health and wellbeing. This article looks at triggers and strategies to help reduce the risk of flare-ups in the school setting.


The effect of storage temperature on freshness score, moisture content, alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC), the amount and composition of soluble starch as well as parting properties of balady bread were investigated. The data revealed that the temperature of storage has more important effect on the extent of bread freshness than its moisture content. The AWRC, the amount of soluble starch extracted and amylose decline sharply during the first 24hrs of storage, after which it leveled off.
The component of the soluble starch was predominantly amylopectin. The amount of amylose in the soluble starch extracted from fresh bread after withdrawal from oven was small, declining sharply during the first 24hrs.of storage and this decreased slowly afterwordes. After24hrs.of storage, the decrease in soluble starch was accompanied by decreasing in amylopectin content. The refrigerator temperature is more likely to increase starch crystallization in bread and thus acceralate the rate of staling occurred than ambient temperature. No considerable changes in freshness as well as staling parameters were observed in bread stored at freezing temperature up to 72 hrs.
Amylogram data showed slight decrease in the pasting temperature of bread slurries with longer storage time. The difference in peak viscosity, 15 min height, including a holding treatment at 95 C for 15 min; and after subsequent cooling to 50C (setback) gave the simillar rankings. These changes are more extensive at refrigerator temperature than at ambient temperature.
Based on the data presented in this study, the AWRC, the amount of soluble starch, amylose and viscosity highly correlated with the sensory perception evaluation of bread staleness.


We have designed and constructed a 3D microscope that combines Multifocus Microscopy with Structured Illumination Microscopy for live 3D super-resolution biological imaging. Imaging multiple focal planes simultaneously requires a new approach to image reconstruction.


The Convention of the Council of Europe on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, or as it is also called the Istanbul Convention, is an international document that imposes absolute obligations on the signatory states regarding those who experience violence. Violence against women is systemic throughout the world and is measured in hundreds of thousands of cases per year in countries. The convention defines that absolutely all types of violence are a violation of basic human rights and freedoms. Thus, this document obliges state authorities to develop a comprehensive strategy to support and protect people who have experienced violence and to punish those responsible for such acts. The Istanbul Convention is the first international legal document on the prevention of gender-based violence. The starting point for this convention is the thesis that de facto and legal equality between men and women is an important component for preventing violence against women in particular. The article is devoted to proving the need for Ukraine to ratify the Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence and Combating These Phenomena (Istanbul Convention). The article examines issues related to the general policy of the state, which is aimed at eradicating gender-based violence, which is confirmed by the relevant regulatory and legal acts. Also, the focus is on preventing and combating domestic violence, due to which some forms of violence against women do not get the attention they deserve. Despite the positive changes in Ukrainian legislation aimed at criminalizing domestic violence and crimes related to domestic violence, not all acts stipulated by the Istanbul Convention have been criminalized. Also, the practice of applying special measures against domestic violence indicates serious problems in the field of law enforcement. There are also certain gaps in the protection of persons who have suffered from gender-based and domestic violence, which indicates an insufficiently developed state mechanism for providing assistance to such persons. Ratification of the Istanbul Convention in Ukraine took place 11 years after its signing. After all, there were quite a few obstacles that delayed this process.


A typical aircraft panel is the assembly consisting of a multitude of thin and lightweight compliant parts. In panel assembly process, part-to-part locating scheme has been widely adopted in order to reduce fixtures. By this locating scheme, a part is located onto the pre-fixed part/subassembly by determinant assembly (DA) holes, and temporary fasteners (e.g., spring pin) are used for joining these DA hole-hole pairs. The temporary fasteners can fasten DA hole-hole pairs in the axial and radial directions of DA holes. The fastening in the radial directions is realized by the expansion of temporary fasteners. Although the usage of temporary fasteners helps reduce the positional differences between hole-hole pairs, their clamping forces thereby may lead to elastic deformation of compliant parts/subassemblies. Limited research has been conducted on such elastic deformation produced by temporary fastener and its influence on assembly dimensional quality. This paper proposes a novel rigid-compliant variation analysis method for aircraft panel assembly, incorporating the deformation in part-to-part locating process. Based on the kinematic theory and linear elasticity deformation assumption, the variation propagation through the locating process, as well as the entire assembly process of an aircraft panel, is formulated. Then, the statistical variation analysis is performed with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Finally, the proposed method is validated by a case study. The result shows the deformation in the part-to-part locating process significantly impacts the assembly variations, and our method can provide a more accurate and reliable prediction.


A solution processable narrow bandgap polymer composed of alternating 2,5-dithienylthiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole and asymmetrically alkyl-substituted 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene units (PCPDT-DTTzTz) was synthesized by Suzuki polycondensation and the donor−acceptor copolymer was thoroughly characterized. Thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction studies disclosed the semicrystalline nature of the material. When blended with PC71BM and integrated in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells, a moderate power conversion efficiency of 2.43% under AM 1.5 G (100 mW/cm) conditions was obtained. However, upon purification of the semiconducting copolymer by preparative size exclusion chromatography, a noticeable rise in power conversion efficiency to 4.03% was achieved. The purified polymer exhibited a relatively high field-effect carrier mobility of 1.0 × 10−3 cm/(V s). The active layer morphology was explored by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies, showing phase segregation on the nanometer scale.


"We stand for self-reliance. We hope for foreign aid but cannot be dependent on it; we depend upon our own efforts, on the creative power of the whole army and the entire people."—Mao Tse-tung, 1945, Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung, First edition, Peking, 1966, pages 194, 195.John M. H. Lindbeck is Director of the East Asian Institute at Columbia University. He is Chairman of the Committee of Scholarly Communications with Mainland China and Vice-President of the National Committee on United States-China Relations.


10014 Background: Childhood cancer survivors face increased risk for DM, a polygenic trait also attributable to cancer treatment exposures, particularly abdominal radiation. We aimed to characterize the role of genetic and treatment risk factors for DM among two large cohorts of childhood cancer survivors. Methods: We performed a nested case-control genome-wide association study for DM managed with oral medications in the original CCSS cohort (diagnosed 1970-1986). Logistic regression was conducted in the total sample (N = 5083) and stratified by 1) European ancestry (EA) and 2) abdominal radiation. Replication of suggestive variants (P < 1×10-7) using Fisher's exact test was performed in independent cohorts: i) CCSS expansion diagnosed 1987-1999 (N = 2588) and ii) SJLIFE diagnosed 1962-2012 (N = 2182). To evaluate the effect of cancer treatment on the background genetic predisposition to DM, we estimated standardized effect sizes (Z') among EA survivors in each abdominal radiation group for 398 index variants from the largest population-based EA DM study. Radiation group Z' estimates were compared using linear regression. Results: In the original CCSS cohort we identified nine variants associated with DM and provide further support for four linked variants in the ERCC6L2 locus. Among all survivors, the rs55849673-A allele was associated with increased odds for DM among survivors in the original CCSS cohort (minor allele frequency [MAF]-cases = 0.055; MAF-controls = 0.024; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.9, 95% CI: 2.0-4.2, P = 3.7×10-8). Allele frequencies were consistent in the CCSS expansion (MAF-cases = 0.075; MAF-controls = 0.028; P = 0.07) and SJLIFE (MAF-cases = 0.036; MAF-controls = 0.027; P = 0.5). Additionally, rs55849673-A estimates were consistent among EA survivors and stronger among survivors not treated with abdominal radiation (MAF-cases = 0.052; MAF-controls = 0.021; aOR = 3.6, P = 1.6×10-6). Notably, in the CCSS expansion all rs55849673-A EA carriers who developed DM did not receive abdominal radiation (MAF-cases = 0.1; MAF-controls = 0.026; P = 0.04). More broadly, the Z' of population-based DM index variants were 78% lower in survivors treated with abdominal radiation than survivors not treated with abdominal radiation (beta = 0.22; P = 0.01), indicating the background genetic risk for DM may be altered by treatment. Conclusions: We provide evidence for a novel locus of DM in childhood cancer survivors. This locus is a regulatory region associated with expression of ERCC6L2, a gene implicated in an East Asian population-based DM study. Taken together, our findings support the overwhelming effect of abdominal radiation on DM risk in childhood cancer survivors, relative to other risk factors, and provide insight on a genetic locus that may be useful for DM risk prediction in the context of cancer treatment.


Objective To amplify MAGE-A9 gene and construct the recombinant prokaryotic plasmid to induce expression of MAGE-A9.Methods The cDNA encoding human MAGE-A9 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from human hepatocelluar carcinoma tissue before the MAGE-A9 gene was inserted into plasmids pMD18-T.After sequencing,the MAGE-A9 was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pBAD/gⅢ to construct the recombinant expression vector pBAD/gⅢMAGE-A9 and was transformed into E.coli TOP10.The recombinant MAGE-A9 protein was expressed under induction of L-Arabinose and was purified through Hitrap column.Results The sequence of MAGE-A9 was identical to the sequence from GenBank.The expression plasmid pBAD/gⅢ-MAGE-A9 was successfully constructed.By affinity column and SDS-PAGE,the purified MAGEA9 fusion protein displayed a band of Mr 35 000.Conclusion The expression plasmid pBAD/gⅢ-MAGE-A9 was successfully constructed.MAGE-A9 was expressed and purified successfully,which may lay foundation for application of the protein in tumor immunotherapy.


In this work, the application of the flotation technique by dissolved air (FAD) to the treatment of milk industry effluent (milky effluent) is analyzed. Initially, batch studies were carried out in a column built of acrylic with an external diameter of 2.5 cm and 50 cm in height. Afterwards, the performance of a flotation tank with a 5.5 L capacity in the treatment of the milky effluent was addressed. In continuous mode of operation, separation efficiencies up to 90% were obtained for the experiments carried out at a saturation pressure of 4 atm and having a ratio of feed flow rate (Qa) to saturated liquid flow rate equal to 1. The separation efficiency for flocculated milk was estimated from the overall mass balance for the flotation tank. Separation efficiencies obtained agreed very well with the experimental results collected for Qa/QLs ratios lower than 1.


The influence of the lunar phase of tree felling on the properties of wood has been debated for centuries, but it is only recently that it has been the subject of rigorous study. These scientific s...


One of the visions for the future of telecommunication is for conventional services such as voice call to be integrated with data services. New markets for services and devices will be created. Services become personalised when they are tailored to the context and adapted to changing situation. Nevertheless, end users have always been constrained with the need to understand how the devices interact with the environment. The devices which end users access today are merely dumb terminals. Even though they facilitate productivity in the things they do, it forces the individuals using these terminals to learn how to utilise them. As the number of devices and services increase, the complexity of using them increases as well. This paper responds to the challenges by reviewing more flexible, adaptive and context-aware forms of collaborative work which shape part of the future of the communications landscape.


Paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, acquired PTX drug resistance is a major obstacle to its therapeutic efficacy and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The present study revealed a novel role of the SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2)-chloride voltage-gated channel-3 (ClC-3) axis in PTX resistance of A549 NSCLC cells. The expression levels of SOX2 and ClC-3 were upregulated in PTX-resistant A549 NSCLC cells by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The drug resistance to PTX of A549 NSCLC cells were measured by detecting the cell viability and the expression of drug resistance markers. Knockdown of SOX2 or ClC-3 effectively decreased PTX resistance of A549 NSCLC cells, whereas SOX2 or ClC-3 overexpression promoted PTX resistance. Mechanistically, SOX2 bound to the promoter of ClC-3 and enhanced the transcriptional activation of ClC-3 expression by CUT&Tag assays, CUT&Tag qPCR and luciferase reporter. In summary, the present findings defined ClC-3 as an important downstream effector of SOX2 and ClC-3 and SOX2 contributed to PTX resistance. Targeting SOX2 and its downstream effector ClC-3 increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to PTX treatment, which provided potential therapeutic strategies for patients with NSCLC with PTX resistance.


Previous reports indicate that developmentally-lead (Pb)-exposed rats consumed more ethanol than their control counterparts. Based on pharmacological and biochemical evidences, we attribute these differences to catalase (CAT), the main enzyme involved in brain ethanol oxidation to acetaldehyde, a key component in ethanol's positive reinforcing effects. Thus, in the present …


The vital role of fiscal policies are cannot be denied whether it is developed economy, developing economy or transition economy. Tax system is not use by government authority just to collect revenue but also used to promote other objective like level of employments, inflation control through price stability, rapid growth of gross domestic product (GDP), favorable Balance of payments, equitable income distributions, promotion of infant industries etc. The relation of taxation and the growth is a long way discussion in economics. Tax is not directly affecting the growth of a country. But tax has a power to influence the economic choices of individuals that can affect growth. This paper has the main objective to critically analyses existing literatures on the theme 'Taxation and Economic Growth'- especially for India. Several areas have been found where researcher and policy makers can initiate in their studies.


Aquatic ecoregion developed progressively as a water body zoning approach while constantly meeting the needs of water environment management.This paper reviewed the development process of aquatic ecoregion,and compared various zoning in hydrology,water resource,water environmental function,water function,ecological and hydrological regionalization,and aquatic ecology of different development stages.By introducing domestic and abroad research in aquatic ecoregion,and according to the current characteristics of aquatic ecoregion,we prospected the development trend of aquatic ecoregion in China.


This work focuses on improving the Conv-GRU-based optical flow update within a DROID-SLAM framework. Prior optical flow models typically follow a UNet or coarse-to-fine architecture in order to extract long-range cross-correlation and context cues. This helps flow estimation in the presence of large motion and challenging image regions, e.g., textureless regions. We propose modifications to the Conv-GRU module which follows the rationale of these prior models by integrating (Atrous) Spatial Pyramid Pooling and global self-attention into the Conv-GRU block. By enlarging the receptive field through the aforementioned modifications, the model is able to integrate information from a larger context window, thus improving the robustness even when given inputs that comprise challenging image regions. We show empirically through extensive experiments the gain in accuracy through these modifications.


Petri net is an effective tool for concurrent systems. This paper studies analysis of batch Petri net, which is an extended Petri net with batch processing arcs. Intuitively, if a batch processing arc is connected from a place p to a transition t, then single firing of the transition t removes all tokens in p. In this paper, we show that batch Petri net with unity weighted arcs is Turing machine equivalent. Analysis using incidence matrices is studied to show P-invariant is as effective as in normal Petri net


This paper provides an overview of ChatGPT, a natural language processing (NLP) system developed by Open AI. It discusses the features of ChatGPT, its benefits, and its challenges. The paper also provides an analysis of the potential applications of ChatGPT and its limitations. The paper concludes that ChatGPT is a powerful NLP system that can generate human-like conversations, but it has some challenges that must be addressed.


Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy (FSRS) is a ultrafast spectroscopy technique first implemented by chemists to understand isomerization and other ultrafast molecular morphology changes by resolving vibrational dynamics[1, 2, 3]. FSRS has an unparalleled temporal and spectral resolution [4, 1, 5, 6] that arises as a result of a clever combination of picosecond and femtosecond pulses. However, despite this capability, FSRS has yet to be applied to modern materials in condensed matter physics. This thesis explores the design and implementation of FSRS to study two-dimensional materials in order to measure their quantum confined vibrational dynamics on utlrafast time scales.


The focus of this research study was the investigation into development and analyses of mobile learning knowledge management system. Knowledge management is currently focused in business aspects rather than education. What if the apply knowledge management into mobile learning and educational aspects in general. Integrating knowledge management into practical educational activities is something that is not researched and represents a very interesting opportunity of enhancing learner's knowledge management and problem based skills. The core idea of this system is to catch the attention of the subscriber and at the very moment by inject simple knowledge cues to this attention which if desired by the subscriber may get into more details, and that way promote a proactive learning style. The contribution of the research study is in that we have developed and analysed the concepts and implemented the solution and based on the analyses provided are the findings and recommendations for approaching and developing m-learning knowledge management systems.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a teflon composite material, comprising the following steps: 1) successively adding teflon and filling materials in the water which contains surfactant, and uniformly stirring, wherein the weight ratio of the surfactant to water is 0.0002-0.1:1, the weight ratio of water to the sum of teflon and filling materials is 0.5-2:1, and the weight of teflon accounts for 84-99% of that of the sum of teflon and filling materials; and 2) filtering the product obtained by the step 1), washing, drying, conducting mold pressing and sintering the solids obtained by filtering to obtain the teflon composite material. The method is simple and green, and the teflon composite material prepared by the method has excellent performance.


The teaching reform of physical education speciality in universities should begin with deepening the reform of educational ideology and teaching content and highlighting overall qualities of students.


Abstract This article re-examines P.Oxy. 2174 fr. 5 (Hipponax fr. 74 West = Degani), offers an improved transcription of its text, and questions its relevance to the other fragments of the papyrus, suggesting instead that it may belong to a papyrus of the Odyssey.


The Reliability and Availability Data System (RADS) is a database and analysis code, developed by the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC). The code is designed to estimate industry and plant-specific reliability and availability parameters for selected components in risk-important systems and initiating events for use in risk-informed applications. The RADS tool contains data and information based on actual operating experience from U.S. commercial nuclear power plants. The data contained in RADS is kept up-to-date by loading the most current quarter's Equipment Performance and Information Exchange (EPIX) data and by yearly lods of initiating event data from licensee event reports (LERS). The reliability parameters estimated by RADS are (1) probability of failure on demand, (2) failure rate during operation (used to calculate failure to run probability) and (3) time trends in reliability parameters.


Addison's Cato (1713) and Thomson's Sophinisba (1730) make a spectacle of political cultures absorbed by the emotional dilemmas of empire. They dramatize, for British subjects, complicated Moors in an imaginary North Africa. Set within a politically divided, unstable Roman sphere situated in Mediterranean Africa, Cato and Sophinisba lead one to conclude that strategic uses of post-republican Rome fueled the development of important strands of British sensibility. Long an empire in the sense of being a conqueror of other peoples, but just lately facing government by an emperor, this version of Rome exhibits the untidy connection between tyrants at home and outposts abroad. In the long eighteenth century in Great Britain, this connection is particularly generative of masculine anguish. The conflicts over political succession in which modern political agency develops imply an international arena-the total geography of diplomatic, military, and mercantile action. Race serves late Stuart high culture as a way of signifying crises of identification and many degrees and kinds of power. In England, the "Age of Sensibility" begins with the adjustments of masculine experience in a parliamentary and expansionist culture during the Restoration. The literature of sensibility, conventionally assigned to the middle of the eighteenth century, is just one episode in the long cultural history of the sensitive man. The specific eighteenth-century upsurge of tender masculinity depends on a cast of characters developed through conflicts over political succession. Succession is a family affair, but England's family is international in character, enmeshed in the cousinly networks of incipient empires. In Cato and Sophinisba, liberty, love and suffering persistently combine in the figures of erotic aliens whose racial difference is also an emotional difference. Well before 1713, therefore, race is an operative term in the politics of emotion. At first glance, it appears that racial difference operates in these plays to distinguish Great Britain (in the guise of Rome) from uneasily subjugated cultures. In other words, it looks as though race is not yet internal to national


The microstructure of the high phosphorus oolitic hematite is first investigated.The experiment of separation of iron and phosphorus is subsequently carried out through the method of direct reduction roasting added dephosphorization agent followed by magnetic separation.The effects of roasting temperature,ratio of inner carbon and the ration of additives are studied on the main qualifications of iron and phosphorus.The results indicated that,phosphorus was mainly embedded in oolitic hematite in the form of apatite.The rest is interphasely existed between hematite,and the thickness of the interlayer varied from 3μm to 15μm.A high quality product of iron powder with the grade of iron above 85% and 0.15%~0.20% P grade is obtained under the optimized parameters:roasting temperature 1 000 ℃,6% inner carbon and 10% additives.At the meantime,rich phosphorus slag with the P grade of 3.5% ~ 4% is obtained as by product.


This study examines second language speaking anxiety of international students attending English for academic purposes (EAP) courses prior to entering university courses in Australia. Research has indicated that anxiety is a significant negative influence on language performance, particularly speaking. Second language speaking anxiety is conceptualised as a two-dimensional construct reflecting in-class and out-of-class communication as experienced by English language learners studying in Australia. This study describes the reliability and validity of instrumentation designed to measure second language speaking anxiety, its relationship to oral performance, the major stressors reported by the sample and the influence of ethnicity on anxiety scores. 275 advanced EAP students completed the questionnaire and took part in an IELTS type oral assessment, 47 of these participants took part in a semi-structured interview. The instrumentation was found to be reliable and valid. Second language speaking anxiety was found to be negatively related to oral performance. The major stressors reported by the sample were performing in front of others in the English class and interacting with naïve speakers of English. There was some indication that anxiety is influenced by ethnicity with students from Confucian heritage cultures reporting more anxiety than European or Vietnamese students. Introduction International students occupy one in five places at Australian universities (Sydney Morning Herald, August 2002). Most of these students come from neighbouring Asian countries and stay in Australia between 1 to 4 years. Prior to enrolment, many international students study English at recognised intensive English language centres to achieve the required level of English. Speaking skills are considered a problem for Asian students, because o the lack of exposure to native speakers, and the emphasis on formal exam driven language courses in Asian countries. Research has indicated that language learning anxiety impacts most on speaking skills MacIntyre found foreign language anxiety is one of the strongest predictors of foreign language performance . Background Early research indicated the construct of test anxiety was not applicable to language learning situations , probably because of a specificity concerning the formal evaluation component of test anxiety, and the communicative element in language learning. As a result, research into language learning anxiety has focussed on a domain specific conceptualisation of anxiety. Language learning anxiety is defined as situation specific, , that is trait anxiety occurring in specific situations. There is some evidence in the literature for two types of anxious individuals those who experience anxiety because of a skills deficit and those who experience problems recalling previous knowledge, or interference retrieval based on Tobias' model of stages of anxiety . Groundbreaking research into language learning anxiety was conducted by Horwitz using American university students studying various languages as a course requirement. She produced the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) which has been widely used . Horwitz's research indicated that anxiety was significantly related to poor performance in the foreign language, particularly speaking skills. This research focussed on classroom anxiety. When learning a language in the target language environment learners need to study in class but they also need to use the language outside of class, so a conceptualisation of anxiety relevant to English language learners in Australia needs to take this into consideration. To account for the in/out of class distinction a two dimensional conceptualisation of second language speaking anxiety was proposed based on communicative situations. A five point Likert type scale was designed, based on types of interactions according to setting and interlocutor. The 22 item questionnaire was piloted and revised resulting in a final instrument comprising 11 items. The research projects posed the following research questions 1. Is conceptualisation/ and instrumentation to measure second language speaking anxiety applicable, reliable and valid? 2. Is there a relationship between speaking performance and second language speaking anxiety? 3. What are the major stressors reported by sample? 4. Do learners from different ethnic groups differ in level of second language speaking anxiety? Participants The participants were 275 (136 female, 139 male) advanced English for academic purposes (EAP) learners studying at accredited language centres in Australia. The ethnic background of the participants is presented in table 1. The participants studied on intensive EAP courses for an average of 20 hours per week and almost all the participants planned to study at Australian universities subsequent to completing their English course. Most of the participants were in their early 20s, and over half of the participants planned to study at postgraduate level (n=149, 64.7%). Most of the participants had been in Australia for three months or less (n=112, 44.3%) and at their centre for three months or less (n=149, 54.2%) Table 1 Country of origin of the participants


Mean lifetimes for four levels in /sup 93/Nb have been measured by the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Gamma-ray angular distributions have been measured for the gamma decay of excited levels in /sup 93/Nb up to 1127 keV in excitation. The levels were excited by the /sup 90/Zr(..cap alpha..,p..gamma..)/sup 93/Nb reaction at a bombarding energy of 14.77 MeV. Spectra of gamma rays in coincidence with protons were obtained with a 55-cm/sup 3/ Ge(Li) detector. Spin assignments obtained from the present results for the low-lying positive-parity levels in /sup 93/Nb are in agreement with previous assignments. A spin of /sup 3///sub 2//sup -/ has been assigned to a level at 685 keV in excitation and a spin of /sup 5///sub 2//sup -/ (/sup 3///sub 2//sup -/) has been assigned to an 809-keV negative-parity level. Gamma-ray mixing ratios measured for the gamma decay of excited low-lying levels in /sup 93/Nb have been combined with lifetime measurements to calculate the electromagnetic transition strengths. The experimental E2 transition strengths are shown to be consistent with those predicted by a weak-coupling model. (GRA)


Fault detection is one of the important issues for the modular multilevel converter (MMC). However, few have studied the fault detection of MMCs under light load condition, where the faulty submodules' (SMs') capacitor voltages and healthy SMs' capacitor voltages are almost close to each other in the faulty arm. This article analyzes the performance in detail of the MMC under switch open-circuit faults (OCFs), where the MMC works under light load conditions. And then, a rearranged bleeding resistor circuit (RBRC) based SM is proposed for fault detection in the MMC under light load conditions which can effectively detect the switch OCF based on the logical output of RBRC and the SM switching function. The proposed method can not only detect the fault in the MMC under light load condition, but can also detect the fault in serval microseconds. A 1.5-kW MMC prototype is built in the laboratory and the experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Introduction. The group A (G) of all continuous and open automorphisms of a locally compact topological group G may be regarded as a topological group, the topology being defined in the usual fashion from the compact and the open subsets of G (see ?1). In general, this topological structure of A (G) is somewhat pathological. For instance, if G is the discretely topologized additive group of an infinite-dimensional vector space over an arbitrary field, then A (G) already fails to be locally compact. On the other hand, if G is a connected Lie group, we shall show without any difficulty that the compact-open topology of A (G) coincides with the topology obtained by identifying A (G) with a closed subgroup of the linear group of automorphisms of the Lie algebra of G, as was done by Chevalley (in [1]) in order to make A (G) into a Lie group. We shall then deduce that A (G) is a Lie group whenever the group of its components, G/Go, is finitely generated('), where Go denotes the component of the identity element in G. The other questions with which we shall be concerned are the following: Let I(Go) denote the group of the inner automorphisms of Go, and let E(Go, G) denote the natural image in A (Go) of A (G). Regard I(Go) and E(Go, G) as


Descriptive simulation finds the performance measure of a system, given a particular value for the input parameters. Inverse simulation reverses this and attempts to find the controllable input parameters required to achieve a particular performance measure. This paper proposes using a 'stochastic approximation' to estimate the necessary design parameters within a range of desired accuracy. The proposed solution algorithm is based on Newton's methods using a single-run simulation to minimize a loss function that measures the deviation from a target value. The properties of the solution algorithm and the validity of the estimates are examined by applying them to a reliability system with a known analytical solution.


An indictment of American Jews describes the rage and resentment of Israeli Jews at what they see as the hypocrisy of American Jews who condemn settlement activities in the West Bank and the treatment of Palestinians.


During exploiting heavy oil in steam huff-puff production wells, Electric cables are usually used to heat produced liquid. If time, temperature and range of heating are correctly confirmed, exploitation cost will reduce, and benefit will increase. In this paper firstly two mathematics models, which are wellbore radial heat transmission mode and liquid radial heat transmission model, are established. Both are suitable for heating produced liquid or not. Secondly temperature distribution of produced liquid, tubing, casing and cement sheath are simulated, and so is pressure distribution of produced liquid. Finally practical data are compared to predicted ones, and possible causes of error are pointed out briefly. Generally predicted data are matched to practical ones, so this simulation method can guide production effectively.


This paper explores constructions using yn + verbal noun (VN) which have so far been described as instances of `sub-predicates' or present participles (e.g. Evans 1964, MacCana 1999), or adjuncts (Borsley et al. 2007). Complementative constructions, e.g. the caffael-passive or aspectual constructions with bod are not considered here, except the complementation of perception verbs. The constructions addressed in this paper are forms of epitaxis following MacCana 1999, complements of verbs of perception, subpredicates or depicitves, relative/attributive and appositive relations. The data for the analysis is taken from the Brut y Brenhinedd in the Llyfr Coch Hergest. The aim is to find syntactic and co(n)textual parameters with which one can distinguish the different constructions, and to show the limitations of a functional approach. I will discuss both expected and unproblematic examples and unexpected, interesting cases.


Material behavior of Al5754 was characterized using both tensile and hydraulic bulge tests under both room and warm temperature conditions. Response of Al5754 to different process conditions such as pressurization rates (0.022 and 0.2 s−1 strain rate), variable strain rates (increasing and decreasing profiles), forming temperature (room to 260° C), and loading conditions (uniaxial vs. biaxial) were presented. The results from tensile and hydraulic bulge tests as well as closed‐die hydroforming experiments suggested that, in general, formability of Al5754 could be improved with slow forming rates ( 200° C), and biaxial loading (hydoforming) due to the delay of necking. However, decreasing forming rate conditions did not show any improvement in formability for temperature levels below 200° C.


Anna Francis was commissioned to collaborate with Andrew Branscombe as part of the Arts Council England funded group exhibition, Journeys, Pathways and Track Plans. Francis and Branscombe were able to continue to explore the urban nature to be found on the Spode Factory Site, and to diaply findings within the exhibition.

About the Exhibition (written by curator Peter Smith):
During September and October 2014 a group of 19 artists will be given the opportunity of experimenting with their artistic practices within the Meadows building at the former Spode factory in Stoke-on-Trent for the artistic project 'JOURNEYS, PATHWAYS and TRACK PLANS'.
Throughout September the artists will be testing out their actual artworks, creating a dialogue between their art practice and the building in which their artwork is going to be shown. The exhibition itself will take place during the first two weeks of October. It will be open to all to visit, creating a resonance with both a local and a more widespread audience about the relevant themes incorporated within the art project.

Theme of the Project
The interest in the railways of North Staffordshire and how they had played a key role in the lives of the people from the immediate area became a shared theme with the artists within the group. The railways had been an integral part in the development of Staffordshire. They had offered a means of transportation for people and goods, both within the area and further afield. They had been a major means for our own escapisms too - the chance for a seaside holiday, a day in the countryside or a visit to the bright lights of neighbouring cities. At the present time another aspect of the railways is likely to have a major impact on Staffordshire. The arrival of High Speed 2 (HS2) on our borders may not have positive implications. Should we be silent about losing more of our own histories whilst this is happening?
So the theme 'JOURNEYS, PATHWAYS and TRACK PLANS' came into being. An opportunity within a collaborative structure for each artist/exhibitor to communicate within the subject matter on what the term 'journey' means to them. It could encompass:

• a physical journey (walking or running)
• a thoughtful journey of the imagination
• a traumatic journey of individual crisis
• a journey by any form of transport
• a migratory journey
• story telling
• mapping or planning
• or whatever interpretation could be perceived within this theme
Both the railway theme and the Spode building itself have their own heritage and historical importance which the artists can take advantage of. Not just the physical history but the social history too - the people who left their marks, the little hints of their presence, their lives and family needs. From both industries people commuted to and fro each day, even if it happened to be only a hundred yards up the road.

This project is about collaboration and the sharing of thoughts and ideas, and helping each other to reach their individual goals. It is also very important that each individual person be a contemporary artist in their own style without too many restrictions being placed on them. Where specific decisions on artwork have to be made it will be done as much as possible through collaborative means to the benefit of all.

Artists taking part in the exhibition:
Ali Reed, Andrew Branscombe, Anna Francis, Chloe Ashley, Cristiana Cappelletti, David Bethell, Gerald Worland, Joyce Iwaszko, Kate Lynch, Michael Branthwaite, Peter Smith, Phil Rawle, Rob Noble, Sabine Popp, Shaun Doyle and Mally Mallinson, Stuart Porter.


ABSTRACT This article details the findings from Project LOCAL (Library Outreach as a Community Anchor in Learning),a mixed-methods study that explored how public libraries contribute to educational equity by going into community locations to reach and serve families and children in underserved communities who cannot come into the library due to a variety of barriers. The data revealed four main aspects to this outreach work: program types, locations, goals, and partnerships. Public libraries offer a variety of program types – literacy programs, summer meal programs, STEAM programs – in various locations, like schools, shelters, housing developments, barbershops, and others. These programs and services are developed with an array of goals in mind, broadly categorized as related to access, advocacy, and impact, to serve a variety of underserved communities. Furthermore, libraries are forming complex, fruitful partnerships with different community organizations to build trust, relationships, and goodwill in these communities. Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of human development provides a lens for situating these four aspects within the various environmental systems in families' lives and reveals how, through outreach work, librarians are moving from outer, less visible systems to more central ones that reinforce their relevance and importance in the lives of families in underserved communities.


Human action recognition is a significant task in automatic understanding systems for video surveillance. Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis (PLSA) model has been used to learn and recognize human actions in videos. Specifically, PLSA employs the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm for parameter estimation during the training. The EM algorithm is an iterative estimation scheme that is guaranteed to find a local maximum of the likelihood function. However its convergence usually takes a large number of iterations. For action recognition with large amount of training data, this would result in long training time. This paper presents an incremental version of EM to speed up the training of PLSA without sacrificing performance accuracy. The proposed algorithm is tested on two challenging human action datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm converges with fewer number of full passes compared with the batch EM algorithm. And the trained PLSA models achieve comparable or better recognition accuracies than those using batch EM training.


This paper analyzes the impact of standard and coreless packages on the overall high-speed system performance for data rate beyond 20 Gbps. Instead of focusing on package electrical performance in isolation, we study the package impact on the system performance metrics such as voltage and timing margins and bit error rate (BER) bathtub curves in both time and voltage by employing statistical system simulation methods. Furthermore, the package impact on the quality of the power supply network is also studied using conventional frequency and time domain simulation techniques. Finally, three designs with standard and coreless packages are analyzed to compare the package impacts on signal integrity and power integrity of high-speed systems.


Vietnam is regularly and severely affected by flood events and there were nearly 14,000 dead people in 200 separate floods from 1989 to 2015. However, there have been limited studies specifically on flood-related mortality in Vietnam. This paper presents a longitudinal investigation of flood fatalities in Vietnam. More specifically, we use the available national disaster database and machine learning techniques to investigate theimportance of different attributes of flood damage to the attribute of flood fatalities. The results show that thehousing damage attribute significantly influences the fatality attribute, of which the weights are 0.45, 0.62, and 0.36 for the random forest, boosting, and multiple linear regression techniques, respectively. Thus, it is recommended that the proper policy prioritize housing improvements, establish evacuation plans, and developa strategy for temporary flood shelters in flood-prone areas. Understanding how various components of flooddamage are more likely to lead to fatalities analyzed in this study is critical for developing risk reductionstrategies.


The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of profitability on firm value with corporate social responsibility as a moderating variable on the finance sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study population is all finance sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange at the end of the observation period, namely 2017. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method and obtained a sample of 24 companies. The data used is secondary data taken from the company's annual report through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (www.idx.co.id). The test uses multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS 16 Program tool. Profitability is measured using Return On Asset and Return On Equity, while company value is measured by Price to Book Value and corporate social responsibility is measured by the Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Index. The results showed that Return On Asset had a negative and not significant effect on firm value, Return On Equity had a positive and significant effect on firm value, CSR weakened significantly the influence of ROA on firm value, and CSR significantly strengthens the effect of ROE on firm value.


Popular music, which is one of the most important areas of popular culture, is daily and superficial. It is produced so as to satisfy the current taste of the society and it is consumed quickly. This consumption is so quick that a name or a song which you kept on saying a short while ago disappears in the course of time.
The trend of light music which started with arrangements in 1960s evolved into "rock" after a while, and then into "pop", later into "arabesque". From the 1960s until today, many artists have been producing original works in this area. Therefore, popular culture and popular music which is one of the elements of popular culture can not be indeed worthless and banal from a cultural point of view. It reflects the relevant period and it is a crucial part of the culture. However, the form of its production and presentation which is made with commercial concerns trivializes it from an artistic point of view.
In the study, the aim is to analyze for what and whom popular culture and its attendant popular music serves and the philosophy of music involved in this culture, instead of trying to understand what popular culture is. The main topic is to defend conventionalism as opposed to popular culture and to defend genuine music of the Turk as opposed to popular music.


This study briefly summarizes the results of experimental tests performed on optimal designed Angelina™ steel beams. The objective of the investigation was to study the effect of hole geometry on the mode of failure and ultimate strength of such beams under loading conditions. For this purpose, six optimal designed Angelina™ beams are tested in a self-reacting frame to determine the ultimate load carrying capacities of these new generation web-expanded beams. The specimens were all fabricated from IPN beams and were expanded to almost 1.5 times the original depth. All specimens were fabricated from ASTM A-36 steel. The design methods for the specimens will be the harmony search algorithm and particle swarm method which are stochastic search techniques. The minimum weight is taken as the design objective while the design constraints are implemented from the SCI (Steel Construction Institute). Design constraints include the displacement limitations, overall beam flexural capacity, beam shear capacity, overall beam buckling strength, web post flexure and buckling, vierendeel bending of upper and lower tees and local buckling of compression flange. The design methods adopted in this publication are consistent with BS5950.


We demonstrate numerically and experimentally the guiding of a weak field trough parametric mixing with a quadratic spatial soliton at a different fundamental frequency, a 1061nm probe and a 1064nm soliton, in KTP.


In this work, real power loss has done through hybridized Tree-seed algorithm. Sine-cosine algorithm which has been combined with Tree-seed algorithm (HTS) is projected to solve the problem. Tree-seed algorithm is based on the relationship between trees and seeds. And Sine Cosine Algorithm is based on the functions of Sine and Cosine; it stimulates the leader variable agent solutions towards the most excellent solution. In this work, seed engendering mechanism has been enhanced through adaptive mode and with reference to the iterations a linearly (k) varying mechanism has been implemented to perk up the exploration and exploitation. With considering voltage stability index proposed hybridized Tree-seed algorithm (HTS) is tested in IEEE 30, bus system. Then, the Proposed hybridized Tree-seed algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 14, 30, 57, 118, 300 bus test systems without considering the voltage stability index. In first analysis with considering voltage stability index real power loss minimization, voltage deviation minimization, and voltage stability index enhancement has been attained. In the second evaluation without considered voltage stability index, also power loss reduction achieved. Percentage of power loss reduction is 15.80%, 20.74%, 26.29%, and 14.55% with respect to the base value. Power Loss comparison has been done with other standard methods.


Background & objectives: MCI recognized three days basic course in MET for medical teachers is a course for faculty development in higher education. In the present study the impact of programme on the teaching performance of faculty members after two years of the completion of the course was evaluated. Method : A Structured questionnaire was given to 41 teachers from the first two batches of three day basic course in MET at NKP SIMS, Nagpur, to seek individual opinion on the impact of the program and possible modifications produced in their teaching activities. The opinions of the faculty about their post course teaching activities were analyzed. Result: 1. 57 % Professors were benefitted substantially from interactive teaching techniques and structured clinical assessment, 57% markedly from adult learning, learning objectives, positive learning atmosphere, using audiovisual tools, preparing essay questions and preparing MCQ`s. 2.Associate Professors found audio visual tools, structured clinical exam, MCQ`s and adult learning useful 3.Lecturers were able to use MCQ`s, positive learning atmosphere, structured clinical assessment. 4. Newer assessment methods were introduced to undergraduate students more by faculty from clinical department ( 90%) 5. Research projects related to medical education were undertaken more by faculties from clinical departments. 6. Members from non clinical dept introduced new teaching methods and have undergone advanced training in Medical education more than clinical dept. 7. 84.21% Associate Professors introduced newer teaching learning methods 8. Research projects are undertaken more by lecturers. Conclusion: 1. Three day basic course helps teachers increase their knowledge regarding medical education and implement newer teaching learning and assessment methods to students. 2. Teachers are now sensitized to changes in medical education ,research and are ready to undergo advanced training and attend conferences. [ Nagdeo N V et al NJIRM 2014; 5(2) :1-5]


Home to a fifth of the world's population, the economies of South Asia have been poor performers on the whole by the standards of their East Asian counterparts. While East and Southeast Asians have been powering their way to increasing shares of global GDP and international trade over the past two or three decades, an overwhelming majority of the 1.4 billion people living in the subcontinent manage to get by on an annual per capita income which averages $460, less than half of East Asia's $950. Of the four largest South Asian countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka), three have been or still are candidates for 'failed states' status. Sri Lanka is barely emerging from the debilitating internecine strife affecting the country for the past two decades between its Sinhalese majority and Tamil minority; its President Kumaratunga has called for snap elections while facing off her rival and Prime Minister Wikremesinghe with an election manifesto which pledges to halt privatisation and retain a greater role for the state sector with a plethora of subsidies. Bangladesh, with a per capita income of $360, retains its leadership in corruption scores among 133 countries for the third consecutive year, according to Transparency International, with worsening levels of crime, public disorder and political polarisation. As a frontline state in the struggle against terrorism after 11 September 2001, Pakistan is undergoing convulsive changes as the Musharraf regime attempts to shed the state's past links with the Taliban regime and Islamic fundamentalism while trying to resurrect more benign economic ties with multilateral institutions and the global market. Alone among its South Asian neighbours, India has emerged 'shining', with no shortage of good economic news as 2004 began, the flavour of the season among those who rate emerging markets' economic performance. Perhaps the overarching reality of corporate business in South Asia is the fact that there is so little of it. The literature on the corporate sector in South Asia is


Dried powder of Portulaca oleracea L. were extracted by the dipping method with methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ether, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, benzene and petroleum ether, and bioactivity of the extracts against Aphis gossypii Glover including contact toxicity and antifeeding toxicity were approached. The results indicated that the methanol extract showed the highest contact toxicity with 6.63 mg·mL -1 (dried powder) of LC_ 50 among the 9 different extracts and the dichloromethane extract had the highest antifeeding toxicity with antifeeding rate 83.03% at the quality concentration 100 mg·mL -1 (dried powder) in the extracts after 24 h. After 48 h, the contact toxicity of the acetone extract was the highest with LC_ 50 1.88 mg·mL -1 and the dichloromethane extract had the highest antifeeding toxicity with antifeeding rate 83.97% at the quality concentration 100 mg·mL -1. Under the concentration of 25 mg·mL -1, the antifeeding rate of the petroleum ether extract was the highest, reached to 71.25% and 81.20% after 24 and 48 h respectively. The sequence of bioassay results for both contact toxicity and antifeeding toxicity of the 9 extracts from P. oleracea were also arranged respectively.


It is shown that the 'stepped leader' often observed in lightning discharges is a manifestation of the nonlinear characteristic of the glow surrounding the leader tip, together with the parallel resistance–capacity behaviour of the far-field region. The resulting relaxation oscillations lead to intermittent discharges, which are simulated by adding resistance and capacity to the external circuit of a standard discharge gap experiment.In addition, two complementary experiments were carried out to further illustrate that the stepped leader is subject to a continuous sequence of 'run-stop' conditions, whereby the fast transient displacement current pulse is a manifestation of the 'run' state. A uniform view of the stepped leader and leaders propagating in well-preionized gas, in which displacement current is absent, is presented. This interpretation is largely confirmed by the present experiments as well as those of Ganger and Maier.


In this paper we study the complexity of the maximum constraint satisfaction problem (MAX CSP) over an arbitrary finite domain. An instance of MAX CSP consists of a set of variables and a collection of constraints which are applied to certain specified subsets of these variables; the goal is to find values for the variables which maximize the number of simultaneously satisfied constraints. Using the theory of sub- and supermodular functions on finite lattice-ordered sets, we obtain the first examples of general families of efficiently solvable cases of M AX CSP for arbitrary finite domains. In addition, we provide the first dichotomy result for a special class of non-Boolean MAX CSP, by considering binary constraints given by supermodular functions on a totally ordered set. Finally, we show that the equality constraint over a non-Boolean domain is non-supermodular, and, when combined with some simple unary constraints, gives rise to cases of MAX CSP which are hard even to approximate. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Bone is a dynamic tissue with the capacity of repair and regeneration in specific conditions. Nevertheless, due to the increased incidence of bone disorders, the need of bone grafts has been growing over the past decades and the development of an ideal bone graft with optimal properties remains a clinical challenge. This review addresses the bone properties (morphology, composition and their repair and regeneration capacity) and puts the main focus on the potential strategies for developing bone repair and regeneration materials. It describes the requirements for designing a suitable scaffold material, types of materials (polymers, ceramics and composites) and techniques to obtain the porous structures (additive manufacturing techniques/robocasting or derived from marine skeletons) for bone tissue engineering applications. The main objective of this review is to gather the knowledge on the materials and methods for the production of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and highlighting the potential of natural porous structures such as marine skeletons as promising alternative bone graft substitute materials without any further mineralogical changes, or after partial or total transformation into calcium phosphate. The suitability of the marine-derived porous bone graft substitutes for the intended applications will be also discussed.


This paper describes the effect of rice husk ash (RHA) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a potential binder for modifying the properties of peat soil. The amounts RHA and OPC added to the peat soil sample, as percentage of the dry soil mass were in the range of 10-15% and 15%, respectively. Observations were made for the changes in the properties of the soil such as maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC) and shear strength. Scanning Electron Micrograph-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) test were also conducted to observe the microstructure of treated and untreated peat soil. The results show that the modified soil of MDD and OMC values are increased due to the increment amount of binder material. Shear strength values of modified peat showing a good result by assuming that it is relative to the formation of major reaction products such as calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H). The presence of C-S-H formation is indicated by the results produced from microstructural analysis of peat befor...


Prior research has shown that the textural detail of the iris is sufficiently distinctive to distinguish identical twin siblings. However, no research has addressed the question of whether twins' irises are sufficiently similar in some sense to correctly determine that two irises are from twins. We conducted a human classification study in which participants were asked to label pairs of iris images as "twins" or "unrelated". Participants were given three seconds to view each pair of images. We found that untrained humans can classify pairs of twins with more than 81% accuracy using the appearance of the iris alone, without any proximal image content such as eyelashes, eyelids, or tear duct visible. When expressing confident judgment, they are over 92% accurate.


The main duties and obligations of the West Manggarai Regency Population and Civil Registry Office are to provide population administration services to the people of West Manggarai Regency. The effectiveness of delivering services to the community is the vision and mission that must be achieved by the Office of the Population and Civil Registration Office of West Manggarai Regency, so that to meet these objectives the performance of employees must be continuously improved. This study aims to determine the effect of employee performance on organizational effectiveness in the Office of Population and Civil Registration Office of West Manggarai Regency. The hypothesis in this study is that increasing employee performance increases organizational effectiveness at the Office of the Population and Civil Registration Office of West Manggarai Regency. Data collection is done through a survey using a questionnaire with a total sample of 50 respondents. The collected data is then processed using several quantitative analysis methods, namely product moment correlation, determination test and linear regression. The results of the product moment correlation calculation obtained a coefficient of 0.86. This shows that between the variables X is the performance of employees with variable Y the effectiveness of the organization has a strong correlation. The results of the analysis of determination show that employee performance is able to influence organizational effectiveness by 74%, while the remaining 26% is influenced by other variables. The results of linear regression analysis obtained the regression equation Y = 5.039 + 0.66x. The coefficient of the independent variable is positive. This indicates that employee performance has a positive influence on organizational effectiveness, therefore this hypothesis is acceptable.


Using trauma registry data, researchers retrospectively determined the association between creatine kinase values and acute kidney injury in patients <18 years of age who were admitted to one of two California trauma center intensive care units from 2004 to 2011. …


We show that the strong asymptotic class of Weil-Petersson (WP) geodesics with narrow end invariant and bounded annular coefficients is determined by the forward ending lamination. This generalizes the Recurrent Ending Lamination Theorem of Brock-Masur-Minsky. As an application we provide a symbolic condition for divergence of WP geodesic rays in the moduli space.


Objectives The study attempted to implement the process-oriented assessment(POA) in secondary English teacher training courses and examined the aspects of course improvement and the perceptions of students and instructors.
Methods As an action research, the current study was conducted systematically in four stages, which included selection of two major courses, redesign of course evaluation plans and development of evaluation rubrics, the administration of the POA-based courses, and the analysis of the students' survey and instructors' reflective journals. Various POA-based methods such as project-based assessment, self-assessment, peer assessment, observation, presentation, and task performance evaluation were adopted including existing paper-and-pencil test.
Results As a result of the one-semester class operation, the improved aspects of the courses were the setting of balanced achievement standards, the establishment of connectivity between teaching, learning, and evaluation, the improvement of validity of evaluation, and the enhancement of students' participation in learning and autonomy. In addition, 52 students in the courses recognized the POA-based courses helpful in their professional development and growth as pre-service English teachers. Furthermore, the instructors perceived positive changes in their instructional behaviors conducive to students' learning growth through adopting POA-based courses.
Conclusions This study is expected to contribute to the improvement of major subject assessment methods in universities and teacher training courses.


Resolution is one of the important indices to measure the quality of SAR images. Super-resolution reconstruction is a widely adopted resolution enhancement method. Many algorithms have been developed for the super-resolution reconstruction. Among these algorithms, this paper applies projections onto convex sets algorithm to SAR image reconstruction processing. The POCS can efficiently obtain high-resolution SAR images with enhanced details. However, the POCS requires many low-resolution SAR images of the same area to gain a better result, usually 10 to 20 images. Such requirement is very difficult to achieve when only single-polarization mode is included. In this paper, we propose a novel method that utilizes all the polarimetric images of the same original SAR data for the algorithm. Thus, the number of the available images is increased exponentially. The experiment results have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method: The reconstructed high-resolution SAR image based on multi-polarimetric information is more detailed and clearer than that based on single-polarization information.


Superpixels are becoming increasingly popular with the advent of new semantic segmentation and artificial vision techniques. As these techniques improve, there is a need for superpixel methods that can capture finer details. In this paper, we propose a new superpixel method called Robust Adaptive Image Clustering (RAIC), which, in addition to having the capability of capturing fine details, also offers the following advantages compared to other methods: high quality clustering, adaptive seed placement, compactness, robustness to noise, computational efficiency, and low algorithmic complexity. In addition, our algorithm has the tremendous advantage of being able to be written in the form of a cellular automaton. Cell automata are easy to parallelize, even massively, allowing for large performance gains when implemented for multithreaded CPU or GPU environments. Experimental results show that RAIC outperforms state-of-the-art superpixel segmentation algorithms. Furthermore, the results of the quantitative evaluation confirm the validity of the qualitative visual comparison of the superpixel image reconstructions.


In this paper, we make a comparative analysis of the performance, cost, complexity, resiliency, and security of several in-service digital secondary system (DSS) process bus solutions for devices with complete station bus capabilities based on the IEC 61850 communications standard. We summarize the recent work by several technical standards development organizations to further define process bus components. These definitions are consistent with the switchgear controller classes defined by IEC 62271-3:2006. Multiple in-service process bus DSS designs, based on these descriptions, are considered as extensions to the same typical station bus system. Using these definitions, we consider the impact of three unique process bus scenarios for a single relay with a complete station bus implementation. Then, we consider installation, performance, and availability criteria defined in numerous international standards. Finally, using the performance and availability criteria from these standards, we evaluate the process bus merging unit designs and use measured and observed information from in-service systems to compare speed, cost, and reliability.


The invention discloses a new Chinese medicinal composition for treating angina and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese medicinal composition mainly comprises the following raw material medicaments: grassleaf sweelflag rhizome, root of red-rooted salvia, szechuan lovage rhizome, yanhusuo, green tangerine peel, dried orange peel, immature bitter orange, fructus citri immaturus exsiccatus, Chinese eaglewood, costus root, nutgrass galingale rhizome, combined spicebush root, szechwan chinaberry fruit, dutchmanspipe vine, citron fruit, jiuxiang bug, radix curcumae, curcuma longa, honey-fried frankincense, honey-fried myrrh, suberect spatholobus stem, ground beeltle, pangolin scales, dragon's blood and the like. The Chinese medicinal composition of the invention can be prepared into any common oral administration preparation according to the conventional method of Chinese medicinal preparations. The Chinese medicinal composition can improve symptoms such as excruciating pain in precardium, chest distress, interscapular pain, pain in two arms, shortness of breath, chest pain radiating to the back, cold extremities, pale complexion, drenched with cold sweat, weak pulse to the upmost and the like obviously, and has definite clinical effect, obvious curative effect and quick response. The Chinese medicinal composition has the advantages of low cost, no toxic or side effect and the like.


From the psychological consultation and classrooms, it emerges the necessity of favoring alternative knowing construction about youth, viewed from same young people and their realities. In this article, we propose the creation on new spaces where young people build the discourses about themselves and their topics (body, violence, musical rhythms), looking for particular forms of subjectivity.


This study aims to examine the leverages of professional ethics, independence, and work experience on audit opinion provision by external auditors. The population in this study amounted to 58 people and 41 respondents. The data used were primary data with data collection method by using questionnaire technique. The data analysis used Multiple Linear Regression. The results showed that: (1) professional ethics affected the provision of audit opinion by external auditors; independence affected the giving of audit opinion by external auditors; work experience effected the giving of audit opinion by external auditors. Based on the F test, it showed that professional ethics, independence, and work experience affected the provision of audit opinion.


A field study was conducted for 3 yr to evaluate residual levels of fluchloralin [N-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline], profluralin [N-(cyclopropylmethyl)-α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-propyl-p-toluidine], and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) for their effects on injury and yields of rice (Oryza sativa L.). All three herbicides consistently injured rice and reduced yield at application rates above 0.1 kg/ha. These herbicides were similar in their effects on rice, but trifluralin was slightly more phytotoxic than fluchloralin or profluralin. Bioassay showed fluchloralin and trifluralin to be more inhibitory than profluralin of root and shoot elongation. The order of toxicity of the vapors of these herbicides arising from treated soil was found to be trifluralin > profluralin > fluchloralin. Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) was slightly more sensitive to these herbicides than was rice when seedlings were grown in treated soil and over 10 times more susceptible than rice to injury from their vapors. Both plant species were less affected by the herbicides in silty clay than in silt loam soil.


A temperature sensor based on the temperature characteristics of photoluminescence( PL) of CdSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots( QDs) thin film was designed and fabricated. The results show that PL of CdSe /ZnS QDs thin film changes regularly with the temperature increasing in the range of 30 ~ 160 ℃. The self-reference peak intensity of PL decreases with the temperature increasing,while their peak wavelength and full width at half maximum( FWHM) increase. Moreover,the temperature characteristics of self-reference peak intensity,peak wavelength,and FWHM are respectively obtained by fitting one,one and two times fitting function relations. The corresponding correlation indexes R2 are all above 96. 6%. The temperature sensitivity of peak wavelength is0. 06 nm /℃,and the resolution is about 0. 1 ℃. Besides,the temperature detecting by self-reference peak intensity is more stable and accuracy than that only by peak intensity.


A rapid-single-flux-quantum toggle-flip-flop logic gate was fabricated using high-temperature superconducting interface-engineered Josephson junctions. It was shown that the gate can operate as a voltage divider up to 155 GHz at 15 K and 19 GHz at 27 K. At the same time, the temperature dependence of the IcRn product and the maximum divided voltage was compared. As a result, it was found that the ratio of these values is 0.4–0.1 for 15 K>T>27 K. Circuit simulation with noise sources reveals this peculiar temperature dependence of the maximum divided voltage.


Benign Paroxysmal Position Vertigo (BPPV) can be a debilitating undetected condition for older patients in nursing homes. BPPV is classified as a peripheral vestibular disorder and individuals have various levels of dizziness associated with the disorder. The presentation of BPPV in nursing homes patients may be overlooked as vertigo and dizziness can be triggered by other chronic diseases and disorders. Thus, these patients may be misdiagnosed or have a delayed diagnosis of BPPV resulting in unnecessary health care visits and procedures. The case study in the article highlights how BPPV can manifest in a patient at a nursing home. Awareness about BPPV is key for all health care professionals and educational initiatives must be implemented across care settings. With the necessary education and training, health care professionals can detect BPPV in a timely manner, therefore limiting the amount of human suffering that occurs with this disorder.


Introduction Diabetes distress (DD) describes the unrelenting emotional and behavioral challenges of living with, and caring for someone living with, type 1 diabetes (T1D). We investigated associations between parent-reported and child-reported DD, T1D device use, and child glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in 157 families of school-age children. Research design and methods Parents completed the Parent Problem Areas in Diabetes-Child (PPAID-C) and children completed the Problem Areas in Diabetes-Child (PAID-C) to assess for DD levels. Parents also completed a demographic form where they reported current insulin pump or continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use (ie, user/non-user). We measured child HbA1c using a valid home kit and central laboratory. We used correlations and linear regression for our analyses. Results Children were 49% boys and 77.1% non-Hispanic white (child age (mean±SD)=10.2±1.5 years, T1D duration=3.8±2.4 years, HbA1c=7.96±1.62%). Most parents self-identified as mothers (89%) and as married (78%). Parents' mean PPAID-C score was 51.83±16.79 (range: 16–96) and children's mean PAID-C score was 31.59±12.39 (range: 11–66). Higher child HbA1c correlated with non-pump users (r=−0.16, p<0.05), higher PPAID-C scores (r=0.36, p<0.001) and higher PAID-C scores (r=0.24, p<0.001), but there was no association between child HbA1c and CGM use. A regression model predicting child HbA1c based on demographic variables, pump use, and parent-reported and child-reported DD suggested parents' PPAID-C score was the strongest predictor of child HbA1c. Conclusions Our analyses suggest parent DD is a strong predictor of child HbA1c and is another modifiable treatment target for lowering child HbA1c.


The term behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) encompasses a diverse cluster of behavioral disturbances, such as restlessness (Hope et al., 1994), aggression (Patel & Hope, 1992), and shouting (Cohen-Mansfield & Werner, 1997), and a variety of psychiatric symptoms, including delusions (Burns et al., 1990), hallucinations (Holroyd & Sheldon-Keller, 1995), depression (Greenwald et al., 1989), and anxiety (Ballard et al., 1996a). Such symptoms are extremely common in patients with dementia and have important associations with burden and depression in caregivers.


Six years after two embryos were frozen and four years after the death of their biological parents in a plane crash in Chile, it has been decided that the embryos were not the legal heirs to the parents' estate estimated at $8 million at the time of their death; nor were the embryos the property of the estate, and they would not be considered relatives of the surviving family.


The Queen's Medical Center is a 540 bed tertiary care facility in Honolulu. It is a major teaching hospital of the University of Hawaii, a major trauma facility and cares for approximately 27% of all statewide medical/surgical admissions. In 1997, an internal group having clinical, managerial and technical skills began to evaluate commercial products appropriate to our needs. We quickly found that: cost benefit ratios were difficult to calculate because system costs are difficult to define and benefits to the end users are variable; vendors are unsure as to how to account for their initial start-up consultations, as such initial fees can exceed $100000 for a multi-site facility; much of the research and educational materials presented at clinical (RSNA) and technical/academic (SCAR) meetings are of little or no value in making purchasing decisions; and various vendors appeal to different members of a customer group. The findings of the group after 9 months of evaluation are that one must proceed through purchasing decisions on a step wise basis, recognize that the timetable can be altered by outside forces and allow for both hardware and software failure.


Procurement of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Gasurkes is an selected alternative to help Semarang government to reduce the number of dengue fever. This was done because the number of health workers in civil servants only focused in dengue fever. Although Gasurkes was started in Semarang since 2015, the number of dengue fever hasn't decline significantly yet. Even the number of dengue fever in 2015 to 2016 was increased from 1737 to 1857 cases.This research was aimed to identify the inhibiting factors for achieving Gasurkes performance in controlling dengue fever in Kecamatan Tembalang in 2016. This qualitative research used descriptive approach. By using purposive sampling, this research taken as many as 10 Gasurkes in Kecamatan Tembalang as subjek penelitiant. Data was collected by indepth interview. Data validity was done by triangulation of source as many as 14 people. The results showed that perceptional speed, ability of deductive thinking, communication skill, dynamic strength and stamina, working experience, education level, demographic factors, and superior support are not inhibiting factors for achieveing Gasurkes performance in controlling dengue fever in Kecamatan Tembalang in 2016. While numeracy skills, memory, family support, residential support, and community support in Gasurkes working area are inhibiting factors for achieveing Gasurkes performance in controlling dengue fever in Kecamatan Tembalang in 2016.


To investigate whether saliency modeling can be applied to the fashion area, this multidisciplinary study intended 1) to explore where consumers look at fashion advertisements using saliency-based models, and 2) to investigate which saliency model(s) are the most effective tools in predicting consumers' visual attention when viewing fashion advertisements. Seventy college students were recruited to participate in the study at a mid-western university in the US. One hundred fashion images were selected from fashion magazines (e.g., Vogue) and divided into four image groups. Each participant was asked to view 25 fashion images and selected locations on each image that most attracted their attention by clicking a mouse on the screen. Ground-truth maps were created based on consumers' attention. Six saliency models (AW5, COV, DeepFeat, GBVS, ISEEL, LDS) were applied to create saliency maps. The results of Ground-truth maps and saliency maps were compared, and further theoretical and practical implications were presented.


Scholars generally think that lack of safety investment is the direct cause of frequently happened accidents in China's coal industry.However,few scholars study reasons of low safety-investment in coal industry.This paper is to find decisive factors of low safety investment in coalmines by gambling between coal enterprises and their supervisory offices.Moreover,this paper brings some advises to improve safety investment in coalmines.


Over the last 20 years, many businesses have gradually, and sometimes not so gradually, moved towards a virtual work environment, bridging barriers of time and space. This relatively new environment encompasses many aspects of our lives. A radiologist in India may be responsible for reviewing an x-ray from Boston. A taxi cab driver from Boston may earn a Bachelor's degree online from a college in Texas. Writers from across the country may collaborate on a magazine article or report. At the heart of much this progress is the Internet and the World Wide Web, which have increasingly provided a way not only to share information, but a way to collaborate on creating documents. Not surprisingly, many of the electronic tools for the brick and mortar office have evolved into tools for the virtual office, particularly the word processor, which has evolved from a replacement for a typewriter to a tool for collaborative writing. Collaborative writing tools generally fall into one of two categories: synchronous and asynchronous. These tools can also be divided another way: system-resident and Web-based. While both versions often use servers as part of the editing process, the latter moves the actual AbstrAct


Allergy to bee stings and its prevention , Allergy to bee stings and its prevention , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


This paper summarizes the effort to observe the effectiveness of a weighted approach to data anonymization keeping in mind the applications which the anonymized data would cater to, thereby increasing its usefulness to the application.