reasoning 68 action 43 adherence children and adolescents 13–14, 17, 18 decreased emphasis on 98 older adults 83–4, 85 adiposity, age-related changes 63 adjustment 5–6, 17–18, 181–2 adolescents 27–51 action 43 adherence problems 18 African–Americans 18 ambivalence 41 behaviour change 40 behavioural–family systems therapy 33, 174 change process 41–2 confidence 42 coping skills training 38, 156–9, 174–5 diabetic ketoacidosis 28, 29–32 dropping out of the system 28 eating disorders 28, 30 educational interventions 31 FACTS programme 34–7 family conflict 33 family control 32, 33–4 family intervention 32–8 family support 32–3 goals 43 importance 42 individual interventions 38–43 insulin omission 28, 30–1 insulin regimens 28 insulin secretion during puberty 41 journey of change 41–2 medical office-based interventions 114–15 metabolic control 28 motivational interviewing 39–40, 42 peers 157 perception of illness 41 psychosocial interventions 31 readiness 42 rebellion 30 rejection of diabetes 30 responsibility for care 28, 34 screening for complications 28 self-care 28 weight manipulation 30 adoption 112 adult education 77, 97 advice giving 103 African–American youths 18 ageing process 63–4 alcoholism 186 alprazolam 185 ambivalence 41 amputation risk 66, 67 angina 67 anorexia 151 antidepressants 183, 186 anxiety 143, 150, 180 benzodiazepines 185 biofeedback-assisted relaxation training 184 childhood diabetes 5 generalized anxiety disorder 150, 184 older adults 69–70 pregnancy 55 prevalence 184 screening 83, 184 treatment 184–5 underdiagnosis 184 arterial disease 66 arteriosclerosis 66 Psychology in Diabetes Care Edited by Frank J. Snoek and T. Chas Skinner # 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. arthritis, peer-led self-management 119 Asian immigrants 62 assessment form 127–9 medical-office based intervention 123–31 older adults 80–5 attention 12 attitudes 85 authoritative parenting 14 autonomy 4 Beck Depression Inventory 83, 182 behaviour change 40, 103 behavioural assessments and interventions 112 behavioural–family systems therapy 33, 174 behavioural problems childhood diabetes 4, 5 children of diabetic mothers 57 beliefs 5, 81, 85, 124 benzodiazepines 185 binge eating 185 cognitive behavioural therapy 152–3 biofeedback-assisted relaxation training (BART) 150, 184 biopsychosocial model 97 blame 81–2 blood glucose awareness training (BGAT) 155–6 blood glucose self-monitoring 98 bonding 3 brain damage 7 breastfeeding 56 brief counselling 115 brittle diabetes 30 bulimia 151 burden of diabetes 141 'burn-out' 55 caloric intake 75 candidiasis 65 Care Ambassadors 115 cataracts 67 cause–effect thinking 4 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) 83, 182 cerebrovascular disease 67 change process 41–2 CHESS 120 Child Behavior Checklist 5 childbirth 56 childhood diabetes 1–25 adherence 13–14, 17, 18 adjustment 5–6, 17–18 anxiety 5 attention 12 behavioural problems 4, 5 believing diabetes is a form of punishment 5 bonding problems 3 brain damage 7 cognitive deficits 7, 12 coping skills training 156, 157, 174 delayed diagnosis 2 depression 3, 5 diabetes education 9 diabetes information sheets 16 diabetic ketoacidosis 2, 10 discipline 6 disease course 16–19 emotional distress 16–17 executive function 12 extracurricular activities 11 family issues 1, 3–4, 6, 9, 12–15, 17 feeding problems 4 glargine 9 glycaemic control 13–14 grief 3 growth spurts 6 guilt 6 hospitalization 2 hypoglycaemia 7–8, 11–12 individualized treatment goals 8 infants 2–4 insulin pumps 8–9 internalizing behaviour problems 5 lifestyle changes 3 limit setting 6 marital problems 3 mealtime problems 4 medical appointment keeping 17 memory 12 mental health specialists 16 misdiagnosis 2 mood swings 6 mother–child relationship 3 multidisciplinary teams 1, 9, 18 neurocognitive impairment 7–8 neuropsychological function 12 non-compliance 17 196 INDEX


In this first year of the project, our work was focused on the pr oblem of identifying and separating specific sound sources in mixtures. The core o f ur approach is to use prior knowledge about the sounds in the world, encapsula ted in some kind of model, to provide the constraints needed to solve the blin d separation problem which is otherwise ill-posed. We have looked at using this approach in a reverberant multiicrophone case. In collaboration with Bhiksha Raj of MERL in Cambridge, we lo oked at setting the parameters of a filter-and-sum beamformer by doing gradi ent escent on the match between the separated signals and the constrained spe ch approximation resulting from the model means corresponding to the states o f the best-match path found by a speech recognizer [9]. Beam-former parameters an d peech recognizer state path parameters can be alternately re-estimated; we f ound this process to converge successfully after a few cycles. When just a single voice is present, this process amounts to blind estimation of a dereverberati on filter. But we were more interested in the problem of multiple overlapping voic es, which requires two initial speech recognizer state paths. This required a fact ori l-HMM model for the


There are a lot of motives that turn a country into a multiethnic society. In Argentina, immigration presence is crucial in shaping the agricultural colonies and therefore plays an important part in the economic development of the country, especially as the labor force used in rural activities. Entre Rios is a pioneer along with Santa Fe in matters of agricultural colonization, since there a group of Valesanos and Saboyanos found Colonia San Jose. In 1890 some of these settlers plus a group of Piedmontese organize the Villa Elisa colony. This article recognizes two objectives: 1) study the practices of the three communities to preserve their identities, while successfully incorporating themselves into the new medium. 2) Analyze the strategies that descendants of those early settlers design to recreate the links with their communities of origin, activities which find in the celebration of the centennial of the city, an opportunity to consolidate those links.


In order to prepare casting polyurethane elastomers,the polyurethane prepolymers were firstly synthesized by polyethylene glycol(PEG) and toluene diisocyanate(TDI).Reaction time and temperature were ascertained by measuring percent of NCO in prepolymer.The results showed that the prepolymers were of high stability,low free NCO and low viscosity.The performance of casting polyurethane elastomers were excellent when the ratio of TDI/PEG was selected between 1.85~1.90 and the moisture percent was controlled under 0.05%;


Various websites giving different information about the activities in the library and information sector are listed. The author of the article, 'Annals of Improbable Research' reported that many books in Scottish Gaelic and Modern Irish were incorrectly catalogued because the staff involved didn't recognise that the initial word 'Na' meant 'The'. Various librarians have taken up the blogging revolution and Google has announced the next stage of their Book Search facility, providing PDF files of scanned books that can be downloaded and printed for free.


A new project, selected in 2005 by NASA s Science Mission Directorate (SMD) under the Instrument Incubator Program (IIP), will be described. The 3-year effort is intended to design, fabricate, and demonstrate a packaged, rugged, compact, space-qualifiable coherent Doppler wind lidar (DWL) transceiver capable of future validation in an aircraft and/or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The packaged DWL will utilize the numerous advances in pulsed, solid-state, 2-micron laser technology at NASA s Langley Research Center (LaRC) in such areas as crystal composition, architecture, efficiency, cooling techniques, pulse energy, and beam quality. The extensive experience of Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems (RSAS) in coherent lidar systems, in spacebased sensors, and in packaging rugged lidar systems will be applied to this project. The packaged transceiver will be as close to an envisioned space-based DWL system as the resources and technology readiness allow. We will attempt to facilitate a future upgrade to a coherent lidar system capable of simultaneous wind and CO2 concentration profile measurements. Since aerosol and dust concentration is also available from the lidar signal, the potential for a triple measurement lidar system is attractive for both Earth and Mars remote sensing. A key follow on step after the IIP will be to add a telescope, scanner, and software for aircraft validation. This IIP should also put us in a position to begin a parallel formulation study in the 2006-2007 timeframe for a space-based DWL demonstration mission early next decade.


PURPOSE
To identify care needs of adult substance use disorder (SUD) patients with and without co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

DESIGN AND METHODS
An exploratory study using the European Addiction Severity Index, the Camberwell Assessment of Needs, and the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life to assess and compare care needs and perceived quality of life.

FINDINGS
All patients are dissatisfied with parts of their existence. SUD patients have fewer care needs than SUD patients with co-occurring ADHD or ASD. The SUD and SUD + ADHD groups report needs in similar domains. The SUD + ASD group shows a greater number of and more extensive care needs.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Differences in the care needs of adult SUD patients with and without ADHD or ASD should be taken into account when developing evidence-based nursing care interventions.


The article considers the basic prerequisites leading to the writing of Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith. This is a brief presentation of the contradictory influence of French economists on his ideas. It reveals the circumstances and traditions of Glasgow University at the of Smith's studies there. It is an analysis of the influence of the three most prominent figures of the Scottish Enlightenment (Hutcheson, Mandeville, Hume) as well as Newton's influence on Smith. The connection between The Theory of Moral Sentiments and Wealth of Nations has been investigated. Smith's impact on modern science is pointed out.


Ascending aorta synchronized pulsation (AASP) was found to be simple and effective method of counterpulsation directed at the root of the aorta. It provided excellent mechanical assistance for the treatment of severe cardiogenic shock following coronary artery ligation. Because the proximal site of counterpulsation requires low stroke pump volumes, only minimal hemolysis resulted. The AASP counterpulsation was performed for periods up to 90 minutes in ten dogs. After two minutes a significant increase in coronary flow and reduction in systolic pressures were observed, and after 90 minutes of continued AASP counterpulsation, pressures and flows increased from shock levels toward normotensive control levels and hemodynamic indices improved. These improvements persisted after AASP pumping was stopped in nine dogs, which proved AASP reversed the cardiogenic shock state.


Of many reports on the use of phenacetin, one by Dr. Freidrich Miiller?" Therapeutische Monatshefte," August 1888, is of unusual merit. He made numerous trials of the remedy in various diseases, and found that the temperature in adults was lowered by doses of seven to eleven grains, and seldom as much as fifteen grains was used. The fall in the temperature occurred within from one to four hours, and


Introduction Recent studies demonstrating the effectiveness of eculizumab in the treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) have increased the need for more rapid and objective diagnostic tests to help confirm the diagnosis of aHUS over other thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA).

Methods We performed a retrospective study of all patients enrolled in the Ohio State University TTP/aHUS Registry since 2003. From this cohort of patients diagnosed with an acute TMA (platelets 2.25 mg/dL and measureable ADAMTS13 activity (>10%) were analyzed. The clinical and demographic data for these 19 patients are shown in [Table 1][1]. Banked plasma samples from these study subjects were used to measure complement activation factors Bb (alternative pathway (AP)), C4d (classical pathway), C3a, (generalized complement activation), C5a, and C5b-9 complex (terminal complement pathway (TCP)). These complement biomarker data were analyzed in the context of a documented mutation in complement regulatory proteins and response to therapy with PEX and/or eculizumab. Response was defined as a normal platelet count and improved serum creatinine (at 6 months) independent of PEX therapy or with continued eculizumab therapy.

View this table:

Table 1

Results The median complement biomarker data at presentation are shown in [Table 2][2]. Complement activation products are generally sensitive biomarkers for aHUS patients. Notably, elevation of the AP (Bb) and the TCP (C5b-9) biomarkers were more prominent and were seen in 16/19 and 19/19 patients respectively. This is in contrast to previously published data from acquired TTP patients from our group that demonstrated less pronounced activation of the AP and TCP at presentation ( accepted for publication, JTH ). Similar levels of alternative, classical and terminal complement activation were seen among patients regardless of mutation status or response to PEX. In a preliminary analysis using a one sample T-test model, (Bb) activation was shown to be significantly lower in the non-responder to eculizumab compared to the 8 responding patients. TCP activation was also lower in the non-responder but did not show statistical significance.

View this table:

Table 2

Conclusions Complement biomarkers of the alternative and terminal complement pathway may more precisely define the diagnosis of aHUS. These hypothesis generating data suggest that pre-treatment complement biomarkers provide valuable information in the diagnosis of aHUS and could be useful in the prediction of response to eculizumab

Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

 [1]: #T1
 [2]: #T2


The characteristics of thermoplastic films, like low conductivity and high transparency, allow simplifying the prediction of the necessary engineering parameters in CO2 laser lap welding by the application of an energy balance approximation. The energy density evaluated by computation is experimentally applied to the welding of transparent high- and low-density polyethylene and polypropylene samples, with thicknesses between 10 and 100 µm. The comparison between prediction and experimental results is also made with an existing thermodynamic model. The latter is developed in accordance with the characteristics of transmission lap welding of the thermoplastics films considered in this work. Results show, for circa 80% of the analyses, a deviation lower than 20% between experimental and predicted values, highlighting the relevance of the energy balance approximation. Also, the similarity between predicted and experimental values confirms the main assumptions made in the development of the thermodynamic model. However, the action of thermal forces in the weld pool prove to be an important factor, restricting the minimum laser beam diameter over the sample. This limits one of the parameters to be evaluated by the energy balance approximation, but from an engineering point of view, its relevance and precision in the process modeling is preserved.


The CeTbOX/La2O3-Al2O3, CeO2/La2O3-Al2O3, CeTbOX/SiO2 and CeO2/SiO2 catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation technique from aqueous solutions of cerium, terbium and lanthanum chlorides. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Surface area, Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), Temperature-programmed desorption of hydrogen (TPD-H2), Oxygen storage capacity (OSC). The catalytic behavior was studied using methane oxidation reaction after different thermal treatments. The TPR study showed that the addition of Tb ion improves the reduction properties of cerium oxide. TPR profiles showed appreciable changes in the nature of the superficial phases in surface after the different thermal treatments, and that the oxides supported on silica reduce in a temperature range lower than those corresponding to the modified alumina-supported catalysts; this effect is advantageous but it does not correlate with the low values of OSC and catalytic activity. The higher OSC and the higher conversions were obtained with CeTbOX/La2O3-Al2O3 catalyst. The methane oxidation reaction is not favored with the increase of the oxygen partial pressure.


The seasonal dynamics of zooplankton development in coastal waters of Sevastopol in 2002 - 2003 were investigated. Average annual abundance and biomass of zooplankton increased in two years as compared to the 1990-s, but were lower than in the 1960-s. Variability of the seasonal dynamics was estimated and difference revealed in the higher variability of quantity of zooplankton in the bay as compared to inshore waters. The contribution of spatial and seasonal variability to common variability of specification of quantity of zooplankton was equivalent.


Determination of acetaldehyde,acrolein and formaldehyde in water by GC coupled with purge and trap was studied.After working parameters optimizing,experimental results show that the advantages of this method is simple,sensitive and high efficient.DL(detection limit) of the target compounds was 0.037,0.012 and 0.0006mg/L,respectively.RSD(Relative standard deviations) was ranged from 3.9% to 15.8%,and the recovery were 73.0%~118%.This method could meet the monitoring requirement of target compounds in "Environment Quality Standard of Surface Water".


Abstract Male subjects (N = 41) were used to determine the effects of practice performed during a fatigued state on the learning of two motor tasks. Two groups of subjects learned a jumping skill and a juggling skill under different conditions of fatigue. Subjects who practiced in a fatigued state were designated the experimental group. Fatigue was imposed by regulating resistance in a bicycle exercise to an intensity which developed a heart rate of 180 beats per minute. Exercise was continued for an additional 2 min. at that resistance. Eleven practice periods scheluled over a 6-week period were provided. At the conclusion of the investigation significant differences were found between the two groups. Learning of the speed component in the jumping task was impaired in the fatigued state. Learning of the accuracy component in the jumping task was enchanced by practice in a fatigued state. Learning to juggle was also enhanced by practice performed in a fatigued state. The findings suggest that fatigue has ...


The employment discrimination of college Students is an unfair treatment which violates equal principle when college students look for the job.Its essence is a damage which violates the equal employment right of college Students.Equality is a principle for us to judge if the employer's different treatmen makes up the employment discrimination or no.The employment discrimination of college students has its complexity and peculiarity including the characteristics of the common employment discrimination.It influences on the employment of college Students so seriously as on the lasting development of the higher education.We must strengthen the legal protection of the equal employment right of college students.


A construction of prismatic Hardy space infinite elements to discretize wave equations on unbounded domains Ω in H loc(Ω), Hloc(curl; Ω) and Hloc(div; Ω) is presented. As our motivation is to solve Maxwell's equations we take care that these infinite elements fit into the discrete de Rham diagram, i.e. they span discrete spaces, which together with the exterior derivative form an exact sequence. Resonance as well as scattering problems are considered in the examples. Numerical tests indicate super-algebraic convergence in the number of additional unknows per degree of freedom on the coupling boundary that are required to realize the Dirichlet to Neumann map.


Studies on the Relative efficacy of different acaricides against mushroom mites (Pygmephoroidae) were carried out in the Acarology Research Laboratory Department of Agri. Entomology University of Agriculture Faisalabad. The acaricides used included dicofol 18.5 EC with three concentrations (1.5ml/L, 2.0ml/L, and 2.5ml/L), abamectin 1.8 EC (1.5mI/L, 2.0ml/L, and 2.5ml/L) and hexythiazox 10WP (0.25g/L, 0.35g/L and 0.45g/L). All the acaricides used gave significant reduction in the mite population and gave satisfactory results as compared to untreated check. On numerical basis the highest mite population suppression (95.30%) was recorded by the application of abamectin 1.8 EC at 2.5ml/L after 72 hours, followed by (94.68%) and (90.11%) with dicofol 18.5 EC at 2.5ml/L after 72 hours and hexythiazox 10 WP at 0.35g/L after 72 hours.


Nursery children boxed up their interests and experiences for an activity that also produced a captivating display, as Jean Evans hears.


: There has been a continued loss of wetlands in Ontario as pressurcs from conflicting land uses escalate. This paper examines the manner in which the Ontario Municipal Board has treated the issue of wetlands protcction in hearings on land-use disputes in the provinw. Bastul on a review of nine wetlands caws dating from 1980 to 1993, the decision-making process of the Ontario Municipal Board was examined with regard to wetlands prokxtion. Analysis of the cases revealed a number of issues: the lack of relevant information at hearings; the role of policy and legislation in thc decision-making process; the use of negotiation and mediation in the hearing process; and the significance of private property rights versus the public interest in wetlands protection. This paper dismsses these issues in the context of the role of the Ontario Municipal Board in the planning and management of wetlands in Ontario.

Sommaire: AG mesure qu'augmentent les pressions resultant des utilisations contra-dictoires des terres, la pcrte de terres humides continue en Ontario. Cct article examine la maniere dont la Commission des affaires municipales de l'Ontario a traite cette question au cours des audiences sur les disputes concernant l'utilisation des terres dans la province. En analysant neuf cas relatifs aux teres humides datant de 1980 a 1993, on a examine le processus decisionnel de la Commission en ce qui concerne leur protection. L'analyse des cas a revele plusieurs questions telles que le marque d'informations disponibles pendant les audiences, le role des plitiques et des lois dans le processus decisionnel, l'emploi de la negcriation et de la mediation dans le processus d'audience et enfin, la prise en compte des droits fonciers prives par rapport a l'interet public dans la protection des terres humides. L'articlc examine ces questions dans le contexte du role que joue la Commission des affaires municipales de l'Ontario dans la planification et la gestion des terres humides dam cette province.


Double vector meson photoproduction, $p(\ensuremath{\gamma},G\ensuremath{\rightarrow}VV)p$, mediated by a scalar glueball $G$ is investigated. Using vector meson dominance (VMD) and Regge∕pomeron phenomenology, a glueball enhancement is predicted in the invariant $VV=\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{\rho}$ and $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\omega}$ mass spectra. The resonant cross-section profile is sensitive to the total glueball width, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{G}$, but is discernable for ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{G}=125\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$ or less. The scalar glueball is assumed to be the lightest physical state on the daughter pomeron trajectory governing diffractive vector meson photoproduction. In addition to cross sections, calculations for hadronic and electromagnetic glueball decays, $G\ensuremath{\rightarrow}V{V}^{\ensuremath{'}}(V,{V}^{\ensuremath{'}}=\ensuremath{\rho},\ensuremath{\omega},\ensuremath{\phi},\ensuremath{\gamma})$, and ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{v}V\ensuremath{\rightarrow}G$ transition form factors are presented based upon flavor universality, VMD, and phenomenological couplings from $\ensuremath{\phi}$ photoproduction analyses. Due to limited phase space, the predicted glueball $VV$ decay widths are sensitive to the uncertain glueball mass, however the extracted glueball $VV$ coupling constant is similar to an independent theoretical study. Possible signatures for glueball detection are also discussed.


Media affect the lives of people. By producing a particular kind of advertisement or message, media can control and influence people's opinions and attitudes. In almost all modern societies, one of the major television genres is advertising (Cook, 2005). It not only gives information about services and products, but also builds a secondary discourse about society and power relations. Advertising has an important role in the representation of gender in a society. Thus For this study, five TV commercials broadcasted in Iran by IRIB in 22th May- 21th June 2014 were selected. These advertisements were chosen since they have significance in gender roles. Then in order to study women's image in Iranian TV commercials, Barthian semiological analysis describing the image on both levels of significance- denotative and connotative level- was utilized. The results demonstrated that the TV advertisements selected in this paper represent gender stereotypes and traditional gender division of labor. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s1p415


Teaching intercultural education and communication without personal ethnic identity development exposes students to the possibility of becoming so enamored with the cultures of others that they become disillusioned with their own ethnic heritages.  Such circumstances are especially detrimental to children of color living in societies in which everything associated with White people is considered positive, good, and desirable, and much associated with people of color is interpreted to be negative, dangerous and worthy of denigration.  In this article, I report and analyze the findings of primary and secondary school teachers who facilitated students' ethnic identity development using subject matter content.  With a strong sense of their ethnic identity, I argue that such students are positioned to benefit from instruction in intercultural education and communication with its requisite new cultural knowledge, feelings and behaviors.  These findings reinforce both the need and efficacy of ethnic identity exploration as a necessary component of intercultural education at all levels of schooling.  Ethnic identity exploration in education includes making connections with students' families about ethnic identity, engaging students in ethnic identity dialogue, introducing students to social justice role models in their ethnic groups, and exploration of ethnic histories, traditions, and customs.


Random finite sets (RFSs) has been a fruitful area of research in recent years, yielding new approximate methods for multiple target tracking such as the probability hypothesis density (PHD), cardinalised PHD (CPHD), and multiple target multi-Bernoulli (MeMBer) filters. These new approaches have largely been based on approximations that side-step the need for measurement-to-track association in order to maintain tractability. In this paper, we derive a conjugate prior form for the full Bayes RFS filter under commonly invoked assumptions. We observe that data association is implicitly present in the form, and obtain alternative algorithms by approximating the discrete distribution of joint association events utilising a recently developed, high quality approximation of marginal association probabilities. The two resulting algorithms maintain a hybrid MeMBer/Poisson distribution of objects, but form Bernoulli components differently to the conventional MeMBer filter. The track-oriented marginal MeMBer/Poisson (TOM-MeMBer/P) is shown to be closely related to a variant of the popular joint integrated probabilistic data association (JIPDA) algorithm. The measurement oriented MeMBer/P (MOM-MeMer/P) adopts the structure of the MeMBer filter (collecting all hypotheses utilising a given measurement into a single multi-Bernoulli component), but uses marginal association probabilities to provide a significant improvement to performance in low probability of detection cases. We demonstrate both the performance and tractability of the filters in a challenging scenario involving multiple targets in close proximity.


Background Several studies have explored the prognostic value of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) in various cancers, but obtained inconsistent results. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between SIRT3 expression and prognosis in various cancers. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were comprehensively retrieved by the end of September 29, 2017. All the relevant studies were checked and included in the meta-analysis if they met the inclusion criteria. Results A total of 17 studies involving 2,865 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results indicated that SIRT3 expression was not significantly associated with overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR]=0.87, 95% CI=0.59–1.29, P=0.50) and disease-free survival (HR=0.87, 95% CI=0.57–1.31, P=0.50) in total various cancers. However, significant relationship between SIRT3 expression and OS in specific cancers was detected, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (HR=0.48, 95% CI=0.26–0.89, P=0.019), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (HR=0.56, 95% CI=0.42–0.74, P<0.001), pancreatic carcinoma (PC) (HR=0.55, 95% CI=0.30–1.00, P=0.049), renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (HR=0.13, 95% CI=0.02–0.98, P=0.048), breast cancer (BC) (HR=2.53, 95% CI=1.83–3.67, P<0.001), colon cancer (CC) (HR=1.87, 95% CI=1.12–3.26, P=0.022) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (HR=2.20, 95% CI=1.38–3.50, P=0.001). Moreover, SIRT3 expression was obviously associated with tumor size (odds ratio [OR]=1.41, 95% CI=1.02–1.94, P=0.04), tumor differentiation (OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.08–2.16, P=0.02) and clinical stage (OR=2.07, 95% CI=1.23–3.46, P=0.01) in HCC. Conclusion SIRT3 was distinctly related to the OS in specific cancers. SIRT3 was an unfavorable prognostic factor in BC, CC and NSCLC; however, it was also a favorable prognostic factor in CLL, HCC, PC and RCC, especially in HCC.


We present and compare two methods of generating quantum feature maps for quantum-enhanced support vector machine, a classifier based on kernel method, by which we can access high dimensional Hilbert space efficiently. The first method is a genetic algorithm with multi-objective fitness function using penalty method, which incorporates maximizing the accuracy of classification and minimizing the gate cost of quantum feature map circuit. The second method uses variational quantum circuit, focusing on how to contruct the ansatz based on unitary matrix decomposition. Numerical results and comparisons are presented to demonstrate how the fitness fuction reduces gate cost while remaining high accuracy and conducting circuit through unitary matrix obtains even better performance. In particular, we propose some thoughts on reducing and optimizing the gate cost of a circuit while remaining perfect accuracy.


The article deals with a verbal periphrasis of contemporary Italian formed with the verb andare a + infinitive. From a typological point of view, static or dynamic locational verbs frequently take part to periphrases: The more common grammatical function derived by the motion verb "go" is that of Ingressive or Future.
On the basis of 175 occurrences of contemporary written and oral Italian, the periphrasis is investigated: The construction is analyzed according to the scalar parameters currently referred to for establishing the degree of grammaticalization of a verb form (e.g. semantic non compositionality and decategorialization). Furthermore, its specific semantic value is examined: The periphrasis appears to be compatible with the four major actional verb classes, but its value changes according to the intrinsic Aktionsart of the lexical verb.


An alternative and combinatorial proof is given for a connection between a system of Hahn polynomials and identities for symmetric elements in the Heisenberg algebra, which was first observed by Bender et al. ["Resolution of the operator-ordering problem by the method of finite elements," Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 2445 (1986); "Continuous Hahn polynomials and the Heisenberg algebra," J. Math. Phys. 28, 509 (1987)] and proven by Koornwinder ["Meixner-Pollaczek polynomials and the Heisenberg algebra," J. Math. Phys. 30, 767 (1989)]. In the same vein two results announced by Bender and Dunne ["Polynomials and operator orderings," J. Math. Phys. 29, 1727 (1988)] connecting a special one-parameter class of Hermitian operator orderings and the continuous Hahn polynomials are also proven.


AI-based games foreground interaction with an artificial intelligence system as the core of gameplay. We present AIbased games—Contrabot and What Did You Do?—that use machine learning for novel play experiences.


Symplocos paniculata is a medicinal plant used by native healers to manage gastrointestinal ailments. The crude methanolic extract of S. paniculata was screened pharmacologically both in vitro and in vivo for the validation of its therapeutic potential. It suppressed the spontaneous activity of isolated rabbit jejunum preparations and also caused inhibition of the low K + (20 mM)- induced spastic contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations in a manner comparable to cromakalim. The relaxant effect was found to be blocked following glibenclamide exposure of the isolated tissue preparations similar to cromakalim, suggesting that observed response was likely to be mediated through opening of ATP dependent K + channels. Following oral administration to mice provided protection against castor oil-induced diarrhea in a manner similar to loperamide. The plant material was found safe in toxicity study up to oral dose of 8 g/kg in mice.  Hence, present study provides a scientific basis for the vernacular use of S. paniculata in gastro-intestinal system.


Conjoint analysis is used to measure consumer preferences for alternative biotech labeling formats. The study found that consumers overwhelmingly support mandatory labeling of biotech foods. Results also showed that the preferred labeling format is a text disclosure that describes the benefits of biotechnology in combination with a biotech logo.


In-car networks such as Automotive Ethernet will enable new services in smart vehicles, but they are an untrodden territory for many network protocols that should support the applications. For instance, TCP has been newly incorporated as an integral part of AUTOSAR, the standard software framework for electronic control units (ECUs). However, the in- vehicle network environment can be starkly different from the Internet where TCP has been optimized. The disparity between the two environments warrants re-evaluation of the Internet protocols such as TCP in the forecasted in-car network environments. In this paper, we propose a novel approach where we employ reinforcement learning as a pre-diagnostic tool to predict potential problems and to present possible remedies.


This paper shows new algorithms and the implementations of image reorganization for EAN/QR barcodes in mobile phones. The mobile phone system used here consists of a camera, mobile application processor, digital signal processor (DSP), and display device, and the source image is captured by the embedded camera device. The introduced algorithm is based on the code area found by four corners detection for 2D barcode and spiral scanning for 1D barcode using the embedded DSP. This algorithm is robust for practical situations and the DSP has good enough performance for the real-time recognition of the codes. The performance of our image processing is 66.7 frames/sec for EAN code and 14.1 frames/sec for QR code image processing, and this is sufficient performance for practical use. The released mobile phone had performance of 5-10 frames/sec including OS and subsystem overheads.


Graphite-modified TiO2 composite is a promising photocatalyst in environmental purification. In this study, TiO2/graphite photocatalytic composites were prepared by mechanochemistry using natural flake graphite and nanocrystalline TiO2 as raw materials. The composites were examined by X-ray diffractometer, Raman spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, scanning electron microscope and UV-vis spectrophotometer. The photoelectrochemical properties of the composites were investigated via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photocurrent response. The influences of the content and premilling time of graphite on the photocatalytic properties of the composites were studied through the photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue. The results showed that graphite was exfoliated and broken during ball milling, and defects of graphite increased with the extension of milling time. In the composite, there is no solid solution of carbon atoms in TiO2 lattice. The photocatalytic results indicated that a proper amount of graphite could improve the photocatalytic behavior of TiO2. The TiO2/graphite composite containing 1wt% graphite exhibited the best photocatalytic behavior. The pretreatment of graphite by ball milling could enhance the photocatalytic behavior of the TiO2/graphite composite and the optimal premilling time of graphite was 4 hours.


To provide a steam and gas turbine system of a simple structure. A steam and gas turbine apparatus has a gas turbine unit (A) and a steam turbine unit (B), in which, the gas turbine unit (A) is assembled at least partially, the compressor shaft ( a gas compressor that is provided on 4), a combustion chamber (2), in the installed gas turbine (3) to the gas turbine shaft (5), a steam turbine unit (B) is partially assembled, closed steam line (6) is, at least, a pump (7), during operation, combustion gases from the gas turbine (3) (3b) and the steam generator is allowed to heat exchange contact with (8), a steam turbine shaft ( and equipment steam turbine 10) (9), it, and a capacitor (11). The present invention steam and gas turbine system according is characterized in that the steam turbine (9) drives the gas compressor (1) of the steam turbine unit during operation.


The method of checking the validity of a certificate (600) containing a key associated with a network device 601 from the network, comprising the step of receiving the encrypted content from the network 611 and the validity index (630) associated with the content . Availability of authentication, with a value corresponding to the issuing time of authentication is estimated from the validity index associated with the time index and from the encrypted content 606 included within the certificate.


Abstract : Test results indicated that postcuring of glass fiber core for a total time of three and one-half hours at 350 F produced a satisfactory cure cycle. When the core is postcured for five hours at 350 F it became quite brittle and difficult to splice.


From an esoteric subject of international relations and voluntarism-based initiatives, cross-border governance has turned in the last decade into a key expression of regionalism and of dynamics of change of territorial relations in Europe. Overcoming and blurring borders lies at the core of discourses on European integration aimed at erasing tariff and non-tariff barriers from the geography of European trade. Meanwhile, exchange across borders is becoming the generative matrix and the potential carrier of new concepts of development, such as the construction of new "economic integration zones." Promoting the emergence and institutionalisation of cross-border regions has thus become an important objective of European Union cohesion policy. Yet the more borders are crossed—for instance, through the process of eastern EU enlargement—the more they are reproduced along other dimensions: linguistic, cultural, symbolic, as well as along differentials in abilities and power. Accordingly, the meanings and facets of borders are changing, posing new challenges to spatial disciplines and policies. This article presents a review of issues concerning cross-border regionalism and planning debated in geography and regional studies, with an emphasis on the challenges entailed by the socially constructed and "invented" character of cross-border regions and by the institutionalisation of cross-border governance.


Combined with details in preparation and recording process of lighting design of variety show Jinye Carnival,the paper introduced experience of variety show lighting design.


With the development of intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs) and communication technology, collaborative operation among vehicles will become the trend of the future. Thus, traffic flow will be mixed with manual driving vehicles and ICVs. A mixed traffic flow is a traffic flow state lying between autonomous and manual traffic flows. In order to describe the car-following characteristics in a mixed traffic flow, the cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) car-following model and the intelligent driver model (IDM) were adopted. The car-following characteristics of different platoons from these two car-following models were analyzed. The CACC mixing ratio was used to describe the mixed traffic flow. The fixed states and disturbance states of the car-following platoons were simulated. The fixed states can be divided into three categories: the steady state, acceleration state, and deceleration state. The effects of different car-following cases and different mixing ratios on mixed traffic flow in different states were discussed. The results show that (1) in the steady state with a smaller mixing ratio, the operating speed and traffic volume of the mixed traffic flow were positively correlated. The overall traffic volume decreased with the increase in the mixing ratio, and the gap gradually narrowed. At a larger mixing ratio, the operating speed and traffic volume were negatively correlated. The overall traffic volume increased with the increase in the mixing ratio. (2) In the acceleration state, the maximum traffic volume in the platoon and the optimal mixing ratio were linearly related to the acceleration. (3) In the deceleration state with a fixed mixing ratio, the traffic volume decreased with the increase in the deceleration, with slight differences in the changing trend of the volume of the mixed flow. Under disturbances, the mixed traffic volume was positively correlated with the mixing ratio, i.e., at a larger mixing ratio, the anti-interference ability of the mixed traffic flow was higher.


A linear circuit analysis procedure is introduced, that streamlines the two-port analysis of practical electronic circuits. It is based on a generalized two-port modeling and performance evaluation approach. The analysis' formalism exploits the conceptual simplicity of two-port representation and the straightaway conceivable circuit depiction through two-ports and their interconnections, to offer a straightforwardly perceptible and applicable circuit analysis procedure. Key-Words: two-ports, circuit analysis.


Since 2011 we have been following prospectively myelomeningocele patients treated in utero with particular interest to patients with sphincter weakness/deficiency. We investigated the changes of bladder pattern and upper urinary tract with time in children who underwent in utero repair and had low‐pressure incontinence based on urodynamic evaluation (UE).


Abstract It would be easier to navigate our information world if we had a navigational system to guide us. Absent such a system, the authors of the five articles in this special issue propose different ways to help learners engage with scientific information, in light of the post-truth condition. I suggest that the contribution of these articles lies in their emphasis on encouraging deliberation-oriented practices, and in presenting a qualified view of science. I further argue that greater knowledge of this qualified science, as well as privileging science, may be necessary components. In order to have an impact on learners' lives, I encourage adopting a framework of mastery and appropriation, and giving greater attention to issues of appropriation.


Purpose – This chapter aims to explore and discuss how women paid and unpaid labor in weaving is positioned in the flexible production chain in the context of local development.

Methodology/approach – It is based on a research11Report on Effects and Results of the Relationships between Manufacturers and Local Weavers on the Local Social Structure: Cases of Mugla/Yesilyurt, Istanbul/Sile and Kastamonu in collaboration with Asuman Turkun-Erendil and supported by Mugla University Research Projects Unit, 2006 (unpublished project report). study, using mainly oral history methods, of three weaving centers in Anatolia in their attempts to achieve local development through the restructuring of their traditional craft.

Findings – This study shows how a flexible production process is organized in ways in which women's labor is almost always positioned as cheap and insecure. In this process, through production of hegemonic discourses, symbolic capital of secure women's work is drastically decreased and that of the production activity itself (weaving) is increased. It also discusses how the state as the main carrier of symbolic violence, plays an important role in expansion of flexible production and informality directly (with its policies applied in its own enterprises) or indirectly (with its policies in general).

Originality/value of paper – By focusing on the mechanisms through women's labor is kept cheap or unpaid in the organization of the entire production process and also on the relationships between women's labor and the state in local development context, critical points for future discussion and policy-making are raised.


The description of filter banks using lifting structures does not only benefit low-complexity implementation in software or hardware, but is also advantageous for the design of filter banks because of the guaranteed perfect reconstruction property. This paper proposes a new design method for wavelet filter banks, which is explained based on a single lifting structure suitable for 9/7 filter pairs. The modification of the standard design constraints leads to a family of related filter pairs with varying characteristics. The filters are derived directly, the factorisation of known filters is not necessary. The application of the designed filters to lossless image compression is investigated.


Bio-energy is renewable energy made from plant. Biomass-based energy sources are potentially CO2 neutral and recycle the same carbon atoms. In order to reduce pollution caused by fossil fuel combustion either for mechanical or electrical energy generation, the performance characteristic of purified palm oil blends are analyzed at various ratios. Bio-energy, Pure Plant Oil, represent a sustainable solution.A generator has been modified due to adapt the viscosity ofblended fuel, PPO - diesel, by pre-heating. Several PPO - diesel composition and injection timing were tested in order to investigate the characteristic of mixed fuel with and without pre-heating. The term biofuel refers to liquid or gaseous fuels for the internal combustion engines that are predominantly produced fro m biomass. Surprising result showed that BSFC of blended PPO - diesel was more efficient when injection timing set more than 15° BTDC. The mixed fuel produced power with less mixed fuel even though the calorie content of diesel is higher than PPO. The most efficient was 20% PPO in diesel with BSFC 296 gr fuel / kwh rather than 100% diesel with BSFC 309 gr fuel / kwh at the same injection timing 18° BTDC with pre-heating. The improvement of BSFC is caused by heating up of mixed fuel which it added calorie in the mixed fuel. Therefore, the heating up of blended PPO - diesel is not only to adapt the viscosity but also improving the efficiency of fuel usage representing by lower BSFC. In addition, torque of the 20% PPO was also as smooth as 100% diesel representing by almost the same torqueat injection timing 15° BTDC. The AIP Proceedings article template has many predefined paragraph styles for you to use/apply as you write your paper. To format your abstract, use the Microsoft Word template style: Abstract. Each paper must include an abstract. Begin the abstract with the word "Abstract" followed by a period in bold font, and then continue with a normal 9 point font.


In this paper, in order to efficient cell sector and to improve the Ec/Io of the pilot channel in CDMA mobile communication systems, we analyze and compare the wide-beam three sector cell (WTSC) with the narrow-beam three sector cell (NTSC) as a method for cell sectorization. The NTSC method was compared with the WTSC method, using the results of both a simulation and a field measurement, in order to examine its effectiveness and validity


Age determination in the bovine specie is described ivith the methodology based in the morphologic characteristics of the incisors considering eruption, development and wearing teeth. The goal is to contribute to the Chilean Rule 1423, 1984, with regard to the bovine cattle classification.


Fibrous hamartoma of infancy is a rare, benign soft tissue tumor that typically occurs within the first two years of life. The histogenesis is unclear. It is most commonly found in the axilla, shoulder, inguinal region, and chest wall and is usually a solitary malformation located in the subcutaneous tissue or reticular dermis. Local recurrence is uncommon and treatment is largely successful by local excision. The clinical course is typically benign and prognosis excellent. We describe an 11-month-old male with a mass on his left thigh that progressively increased in size. The management of a subcutaneous mass in the pediatric patient presents a clinical challenge. The differential diagnosis includes numerous benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. The physical appearance and characteristics of a subcutaneous mass on a child may suggest a malignant process; however, FHI should be included within the differential diagnosis.


Option pricing and risk assessment are important techniques in modern financial engineering. Increasingly, financial engineers are exploring how to implement computation-intensive option pricing models efficiently on evolving modern architectures. This application note describes how to use the Ct programming model to implement several option pricing models—namely, the Black-Scholes, Binomial Tree and Monte Carlo models. We demonstrate how these financial models can be ported to Ct with minimal effort in order to achieve forward-scaling high performance on Intel multi-core platforms. Contacts: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com


Arsenic-accumulation pattern in eight types of vegetables commonly found in Bangladesh were studied using successive irrigation/harvesting technique. The study also included to find the threshold amount of arsenic that leads to exceed the maximum permissible limit (MPL) in those vegetables and several water-soil-plant arsenic concentration models. Total arsenic concentrations were measured by Hydride Generation–Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (HG-AAS) technique. Arsenic-accumulation decreased in the order: Arum > Arum leaf > Amaranth > Brinjal > Radish > Indian Spinach > Carrot > Okra. A single harvesting of 10 irrigations with water (3.0 L/irrigation) having arsenic concentrations of ?0.45 mg L -1 to 0.071 m 2 area (equivalent to 1.89 kg As ha -1 ) exceeded the MPL in vegetables (1 mg kg -1 , wet weight). The concentration of accumulated arsenic in the vegetables increased linearly with time and exponentially with successive harvesting. Regression analyses showed that arsenic concentration in vegetables was positively correlated with that of irrigation water and soil ( r = 0.796 for both cases). © 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.10494 J. Sci. Res. 4 ( 3), 675-688 (2012)


OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of omeprazole,lansoprazole and pantoprazole on xanthine oxidase(XO)activity in human and to forecast the drug-drug interaction with common used drugs,so as to instruct clinician to prescribe rationally.METHODS In ninety volunteers,caffeine was used as a metabolic probe for XO,before and after omeprazole,lansoprazole and pantoprazole administration,urine samples were collected.The contents of two major metabolites of caffeine in the urine were determined by RP-HPLC method,and then evaluated the activity change of XO by the ratio of metabolites of caffeine.RESULTS It was found that the average activity of XO were(0.42±0.11),(0.37±0.13),(0.45±0.06)before treatment,and the average activity of XO were(0.40±0.09),(0.39±0.08),(0.43±0.08)after 7 days treatment.There were no statistical significance between before treatment and after treatmen(P0.05).CONCLUSION In a short time,taking to cure omeprazole,lansoprazole and pantoprazole for measuringing do not modify the efficacy of drugs taken simultaneously which are metabolized by XO.


The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the following postulates: 1) Extreme scores for drinking related locus of control are associated with ego defensiveness, and 2) Relapse is associated with extreme scores for drinking related locus of control. The subjects were 44 persons undergoing inpatient treatment for alcoholism. Independent variables were drinking relapse and drinking related locus of control. The dependent variables were ego defensiveness and drinking related locus of control. Two instruments were used: The Drinking Related Locus of Control Scale and Life Style Index. A status survey design was employed. Four null hypotheses were tested. One of the eight main effects, two of the eight two-way interactions and t-values for two of the eight correlation coefficients tested were statistically significant at the .05 level. Results of this study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1) Subjects who we r e in treatment for alcoholism more than one time had a significantly higher mean use of displacement as an ego defense mechanism than subjects in treatment for the first time. 2) Repeated treatment for alcoholism has an effect upon the use of ego defense mechanisms. There was a substantial difference in the use of regression and compensation as ego defense mechanisms in externally controlled alcoholics between subjects in their first treatment for alcoholism and t hose in treatment for more than one time. 3) Subjects with extreme drinking related locus of control scale utilize the ego defense mechanism of intellectualization less frequently and the defense mechanism of displacement more frequently.


This research adopts a repertoire approach to examine the concept of a health information repertoire defined as a set of sources through which people get health information. Drawing on a random sample survey in Austin, TX, it borrows the concepts of cultural omnivores and univores to investigate how health information repertoire are related to social capital and digital inequalities. Results demonstrate that both the size and the composition of health information repertoires vary by social and digital connectivity. People with greater social capital have a larger repertoire and are less likely to be univores dependent on the Internet or interpersonal contacts. People with Internet access have a larger repertoire and are less likely to be univores dependent on television. More skilled Internet users are less likely to be univores dependent on interpersonal contacts, whereas frequent Internet users are more likely to be omnivores with a four‐channel repertoire including the Internet, interpersonal contacts, television, and newspaper. The positive relationship between social capital and repertoire size is stronger among less‐skilled Internet users. There are significant variations in health information repertoires in terms of media access and sociodemographic characteristics. Scholarly and practical implications are discussed.


Global health has become an increasingly important topic during the past decade. Health has been recognized as one of the key goals of foreign policy and a leading contributor to development, peace, poverty reduction, social justice and human rights. The level of foreign policy involvement and interest in global health has also grown dramatically over the past 10–15 years. The inclusion of health diplomacy in WHO governing bodies' agendas, as well as those of the United Nations General Assembly, is testimony to this importance. Health diplomacy expands health issues to areas beyond the health sector, to address challenges from a political, economic and social perspective. But for health diplomacy to succeed, stakeholders from different disciplines – government, non-State actors and parliament – need to come together, mindful of the global health agenda and its impact on national health. At the national level, health diplomacy operates in a different way. Just as reaching consensus on the different aspects affecting health between different countries can be a complex matter, it can also be complex within the same country. Competing interests and positions often exist, between the health sector, foreign affairs, finance, industry, development cooperation and other sectors. Member States of the Region have agreed on five priority areas for collaboration with WHO, that represent the main challenges to health development: health system strengthening towards universal health coverage, health security and the unfinished agenda of communicable diseases, the epidemic of noncommunicable diseases, maternal and child health, and preparedness and response to emergencies and crises. The Region cannot achieve a comprehensive strategy to address them without strengthening capacity in health diplomacy. WHO's message of commitment to strengthening health diplomacy in the Eastern Mediterranean Region has been echoed by Member States, who have realized its imperative role in today's globalized world, and have requested the support of WHO in strengthening capacity at national level. Thus, the fourth annual seminar on health diplomacy took place in Cairo, Egypt from 2 to 5 May 2015 at the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. High-level representatives of health and foreign affairs participated, including ministers, ambassadors, deans of diplomatic institutes and public health schools, heads and members of parliamentary health committees, and eminent experts in the field. This fourth annual seminar continued to confirm the value and importance of raising awareness of the need for health diplomacy in the Region. The third seminar, held in 2014, had proposed the establishment of an advisory group to support WHO in moving the global health diplomacy agenda forward in the Region. This group was established and will advise on enhancing health diplomacy in the Region, taking into account the experiences in the Region and the conclusions of the four seminars.


This article focuses on Robert Hart during the Boxer Rebellion. My reconstruction of his activities is based on a recently discovered file in the archives of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service held at the Second Historical Archives in Nanjing. While it has long been known that Hart corresponded with Qing officials during the Siege itself and while a few letters have been published, the file contains more than one hundred exchanges between Hart and Qing officials written after the end of the Siege of the Legations. I have further relied on a box of documents dealing with the Boxer Rebellion in the Hart Manuscript Collection at the Queen's University of Belfast, including Hart's notes on his meetings with Qing officials. These materials provide insight into the way Hart was able to persuade the Qing and foreign countries to begin negotiations and illustrate the critical role he played in fashioning the Boxer Protocol signed on 7 September 1901.


Blockchain technology has received wide attention from researchers and scientists. Blockchain technology is also upgrading all the time. When the original Bitcoin was created, it laid the groundwork for the emergence of Ethereum. Now new federation chains like Hyperledger Fabric are growing fast. Ethereum and fabric are the two representatives. Permissioned and private blockchain platforms are increasingly used in today's industry. Different blockchain implementations use different consensus protocols. This article briefly compares Hyperledger Fabric and Ethereum from several aspects such as consensus and smart contacts.


In a number of species, males appear to have spatial abilities that are superior to those of females. The favored explanation for this cognitive difference is hormonal: higher testosterone levels in males than in females. An alternative explanation focuses on the role of varying levels of estrogens in females during the estrus cycle; females perform as well as males on days of low estrogen, but more poorly on days of high estrogen. Other investigators have reported that estrogens improve both types of memory processes, which depend on the striatal (nonspatial navigation) and hippocampal (spatial) memory systems. Additionally, estrogens have been found to protect the working memory. These contradictory results initiated the present study, in which ovariectomized female rats were trained to escape in a Morris water maze. The daily trials were preceded by estradiol application in low doses (Experiment I) or in higher doses (Experiment II). In Experiment I, no differences at all were found between the latencies of the treated and control groups to reach a submerged platform in a Morris water maze. In Experiment II, however, the animals treated with the higher dose of estradiol showed a small deficit in the acquisition of the Morris water maze task. This study indicates that estradiol at around the physiological level has no effect on spatial learning and memory functions. + Dedicated to Professor Otto Feher on the occasion of his 75 th birthday.


The article discusses the problems associated with teaching Belarusian literature to Chinese students in the higher education system of China. It describes the Chinese traditions in teaching literature at school and students' perception of literary works. A method of selection of Belarusian literary works, as well as the peculiarities of working with prose and poetry are proposed. The main emphasis is placed on the objectives of the course - to help understand the extralinguistic factors of the Belarusian mentality through the students' acquaintance with Belarusian literature.


In developing countries the vital registration system including births and deaths suffers from the problems of omission and under count. Though the degree of error has been minimised over time it is still lends to unreliability in terms of accuracy of data. The problem of omission and misreporting is more frequent in retrospective survey which are partly due to memory lapse and partly due to digit preference of the respondents. Specifically the retrospective birth history data are subject to error arising from faulty respondent recall which may result in misreporting of date of birth as well as age at death of children. An attempt is made to identify some models to describe the infant deaths by age in the context of developing countries like Bangladesh. Both Pareto distribution and finite range model were found suitable to describe the pattern of infant deaths. The least-square method has also been proposed to estimate the parameters of finite range model and the values were found very close tothat obtained by the iteration method. Further the finite range model is used to graduate the infant deaths by age and to estimate the extent of error due to misreporting of infant deaths. (authors modified)


"From a theoretical review presented chronologically and relationally, an general analysis is made of the conditions under which the so-called political subject or revolutionary subject in a society, of collective nature, emerges, identifies, develops and executes its political action. So what the author claims is a critical review of several initial categories, trying to prove their internal analytical nexus for the purpose of detail the similarities and differences remain, in order to propose a new analytical perspective on the so-called subject political in the society, perspective is allowed to call the plebeian power. This, from the title of the collection of essays bolivian intellectual Alvaro Garcia Linera: The plebeian power. Collective action and indigenous, workers and popular identities in Bolivia. Finally, the author proposes a brief review of the construction done, taking the bolivian case as reflective contrast and arrival point of the overall analysis, trying to ""implement"" the conceptual review proposed."


This study aims to determine the effect of ethical orientation (idealism and relativism), relativism and organizational commitment to ethical sensitivity of auditors on BPK Representative Riau Province. The research was conducted at the offices located BPK Riau in Pekanbaru. study population was served on BPK auditors. Data obtained from this study is distributing questionnaires to the respondents intended. analysis tools used in this research are multiple linear regression. Based on the respondents obtained from 36 samples, the results of this study indicate that relativism and professional commitments that affect the auditor's ethical sensitivity, while the organization's ideals and commitment does not affect the auditor's ethical sensitivity


Work on the development of products of irradiated polyethylene and their applications is reported. A so-called NS-type electron accelerator with a power of 6 kw- was used to irradiate polyethylene with 10/sup 12/ - 10/sup 13/ electrons/sec cm/sup 2/. It is planned to increase the electron beam current by five times the present volume and spread the scanning width to one meter from the present half a meter. The high cost of accelerators and the duty cycle of a facility are considered from the standpoint of economic evaluation of an irradiation facility. Increasing the power of an accelerator by five times doubles the cost. The best way to reduce the cost of the products is to decrease the preparation time (now 40-50%) of materials and installations and decrease shutdown time for repairs. (A.G.W.)


A prefabricated manhole structure for a subterranean cable is provided to save a working time and installation cost remarkably and to be rapidly and safely constructed. A prefabricated manhole structure for a subterranean cable includes upper and lower sleeves(3,4), a manhole body(6), and manhole lids(7). Middle sleeves(8a,8b) are stacked and assembled between the upper and lower sleeves. a plurality of semi-circular cross-sections(2a) are opposed to each other on both longitudinal front ends of the upper and lower sleeves and the middle sleeves, thereby forming a circular sectional pipe duct(2). Guide rods(11) are inserted into guide holes(10) arranged in the upper sleeve and the middle sleeves and on both side surfaces of the lower sleeve to be integrally assembled.


A new class of titanium(IV) complexes bearing two phenoxy-azo ligands was synthesized. The Ti–N bonds from X-ray structures were longer than those of corresponding bis(phenoxy-imine)titanium(IV) complexes, which indicates that the coordination of phenoxy-azo ligands becomes weaker on replacing the imine carbon by nitrogen. These titanium complexes were applied for the polymerization of styrene using DMAO as cocatalyst, and syndiotactic polystyrene was obtained. Premixing DMAO with the titanium complex resulted in higher activity, similar to the related bis(phenoxy-imine)titanium(IV) complexes. The coordinating azobenzene subunits did not undergo E → Z photoisomerization upon UV irradiation.


High efficiency under a light-load condition is becoming important ,because power systems operate mostly under this condition. In the current social atmosphere promoting energy savings, high efficiency is valued for server power supplies in data centers to reduce power consumption. For this reason, many programs and regulations require high light-load efficiency. In this project, a new power conversion scheme considering paralleled modules is to be proposed. Under a very light-load condition, only a non-isolated buck converter in the secondary side of the remaining power supply provides the output power, which is different from the cold-redundant (CR) concept.Furthermore,in the proposed concept, the voltage source in the buck converter is maximized by using an additional voltage bus connecting between the snubber capacitors of each module. To achieve high power density, the buck converter is integrated with the rectifier circuits in the secondary side of the Phase shift full-bridge(PSFB) converter. The validity of the basic operational principles is confirmed with two 12V/750W by using MATLAB/ simulink software .The results will be demonstrated for the proposed converter.


In ERP environment,supply chain management is inevitable. The coordination of the supply chain is one of the most important and basic content of the supply chain management. This paper studys supply chain's coordination and ordering problem by coordination by a single supplier and a single retailer under elastic demand. Using common replenishment policy for the coordination,we introduce a retailer excess transfer discount rate,establish a model to determine the common replenishment period and the appropriate discount rate,and then discuss a solution algorithm. Furthermore,through numerical experiments and simulation,we illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the coordination policy.


Bioeconomic exploitation of a prey-predator fishery is discussed by using a reasonable catch-rate function instead of the usual 'catch-per-unit-effort hypothesis'. The model is based on the assumption that only the prey species is harvested. A regulatory agency controls exploitation of the fishery by imposing a tax per unit biomass of the landed fish. The fishing effort is taken as a dynamic variable depending on the capital invested in the fishery. The dynamical system consisting of the growth equations of the species and also the fishing effort is formulated. The existence and stability of steady states are discussed. The optimal tax policy is studied with the help of Pontryagin's maximum principle. Finally, some numerical examples are carried out to illustrate the results of the model.


Pre-tension tubular stranding machine is using for high-speed elevator's steel wire rope's production,which can feedback steel wire rope's tension and realize to control the constant tension.To introduce the process by taking the production of 8×19S+NF—8.0,1 370/1 770 MPa dual-tensity elevator steel wire rope as example: raw materials use SWRH57A wire rod,heating temperature adjust from 960 ℃ to 980 ℃ during heat treatment,and decrease the speed of take-up;patenting temperature choose 550 ℃;to draw by using wet wire drawing multi-pass and small compression ratio,and to control the pass compression ratio under 15%;Steel wire rope's lay pitch is 6.4 times of its nominal diameter,pre-deformation center distance is 88% of steel wire rope's lay pitch,post-deformation center distance is 7~9 mm,diameter of size roll is 8 mm;10%~15% oil content's high-quality hempcore.Finished products test by GB 8903—2005 Steel Wire Rope for Elevator and all qualified,and can satisify special requirement of users.


This paper investigates the link between CO2 emissions, average temperature, planted area, fertiliser use, and rice productivity in Malaysia., covering the period from 1980 to 2018. For this purpose, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach and Error Correction Model (ECM) to examine the short-run and long-run relationship among the selected variables of this study. The empirical results obtained from the analysis suggest that carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and temperature have a long-term favourable influence on rice output in Malaysia but a short-term detrimental impact. Finally, the results obtained from several diagnostic and stability tests are robust, stable, and reliable. The finding of this study could be highly significant for adequate policymaking to reduce the impact of climate change in Malaysia.


This study has been designed to investigate the effects of using the Online Dictionary for presenting etymological analysis of new vocabulary items in hyperlinked words to students in an online environment, using the accompanying facilities of thesaurus, encyclopedia, and web on developing vocabulary building skills and inducing positive attitudes towards vocabulary learning in EFL students of the College of Languages and Translation, Abha. The study employs a triangulation of research methods, in which two groups studying Vocabulary II, one in traditional setting (control) and the other (experimental) via the Online Dictionary's etymological analysis feature in a Blackboard environment are examined for the development of vocabulary learning skills and their attitudes towards etymological analysis. The study bore out findings in favour of the new technique of vocabulary learning, i.e., etymological analysis,  powered by the Online Dictionary in improving vocabulary learning and inducing to positive attitudes towards vocabulary instruction. The results are discussed in relation to the hypotheses and against the research backdrop presented in the review of the literature. The study ends on a set of pedagogical implications and recommendations for further research.


This article provides suggestions and comments on the development of new legislation on the basis of new definitions, improvement of normative and legal documents and their analysis related to the protection and rational use of wildlife. The article also analyzes the most important issues that serve the further development of the theory of environmental law in the field of protection and the use of wildlife. The problems in terms of environmental law the problems of legal protection and legal regulation of wildlife, the role and importance of wildlife in the system of natural resources, the origin of the right to the protection and use of wildlife in the context of research, legal relations related to compliance, the content of the norms aimed at regulating them, essence and problems of application in practice, management system in the field of use and protection of wildlife, powers of governing bodies, as well as the issue of legal liability for violations of the legislation on the protection and use of wildlife are analysed.


The author describes a new class of cantilever jackup built by Chiles Offshore. The jackup helps solve the problem and expense of drilling additional wells or working over wells that are out of the 35-45 foot reach of standard cantilever jackup rigs. The unit is unique because the entire drilling floor and the substructure can be skidded off from the platform in 24 to 36 hours. This compares with the 480 hours (20 days) required to install a self-contained platform rig.


Abstract Bioactive compounds, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), have increasingly been used recently to counteract the rapidly increasing incidence of bacterial resistance to usual antibiotics and chemotherapeutics. In humans, endogenous AMPs are part of the immune system and act against pathogens. Defensins compose a class of AMPs that have activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, viruses, and fungi. For some, antitumour activity has also been reported. Such characteristics indicate that they represent a potential new class of therapeutic agents against microorganisms, including multidrug resistant pathogens. However, pH and enzymatic degradation and variable tissue distribution of these compounds limit their clinical application. New technologies and different methods have been developed to overcome these limitations and increase their half-life, such as cyclization, lipidation, design of peptidomimetics, synthesis of hybrid peptides, and use of nanocarriers. The objective of this review was to analyse current applications of defensins as antimicrobial agents and their mechanism of action. Moreover, new technologies and methods for stabilizing defensins are discussed.


Data amount becomes rapidly increased in today's era. Data can be in form of text, picture, voice, and video. Social media is one factor of the data increase as everybody expresses, gives opinion, and even complains in social media. The first step is data collection used API twitter with each candidate names on Jakarta Governor Election. The collected data then became input for preprocessing step. The next step is extracted-each tweet's feature to be listed. The list of features were transformed into feature vector in binary form and transformed again used Tf-idf method. Dataset consists of two kinds of data, training and testing. Training was labeled manually. K-Fold Cross Validation is used to test algorithm performance. Based on the result of the test, accuracy obtained reached 74% in average with composition of training data and testing data by 90:10. Changed folding amount gave no impact to the accuracy level.


The home and abroad dynamics,principles and technology of improved sulfitation process for cane sugar mills were introduced.A new technology of improved sub-sulfuric acid method was tested,namely bagasse used as sugar-specific adsorbents to remove juice in the color source material(pigment),colloid,residual sulfur and other substances,so that produce high-quality sugar with low sulfur,low-color value and low turbidity,to improve fundamentally the quality of white granulated sugar.


A discussion is given of the factors involved in the accurate radiation dosimetry of objects bombarded with initially mono-energetic electrons. It is necessary to match the incident electron energy with superficial density in the case of a parallel-sided target in order to attain uniform dose distribution. A preferable procedure is to employ the maximum electron energy available and to use a beam filter of suitable thickness, interposed between the electron source and (in contact with) the target. Such a combination minimizes the maximum overdose given. Another concept described is that of average dose factor, which arises because of the asymmetry of the normal ionization curve. Details of a simply made instrument are given, enabling electron dosimetry calculations to be made by a mechanical analogue of the normal ionization curve. It shows values for optimum electron energy, filter thickness required, and also for average dose factor once the superficial density of the target is known.


The available analytical solutions for ground consolidation with vertical drains are mostly established based on the traditional equal vertical strain assumption.Moreover,in the aspect of considering the effects of seepage and compression of the soil within the smeared zone,the vertical hydraulic conductivity and the coefficient of volume compressibility of the smeared soil are not really embodied,and then their impacts on the ground consolidation are not clear.Therefore,the equal volumetric strain assumption is adopted to solve the axisymmetric problem of radial and vertical ground consolidation with vertical drains.The effects of well resistance and smear are considered,together with a linearly time-varied surcharge preloading and an arbitrarily distributed mean stress increase in the ground.Solutions are derived from a complete set of partial differential equations of radial and vertical consolidation.Explicit expressions for the excess pore water pressure and degree of consolidation are presented.The influences of the lateral deformation,i.e.,Poisson's ratio effect,the vertical hydraulic conductivity and the three-dimensional coefficient of volume compressibility of the smeared soil,on the overall mean values of degree of ground consolidation are analyzed.It shows that the Poisson's ratio effect is significant.The solutions derived based on the traditional equal vertical strain assumption overestimate the consolidation rate of the ground.The solutions derived without consideration of the volume compressibility of the smeared soil also overestimate the consolidation rate,but to a limited extent.Nevertheless,the influence of the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the smeared soil on the ground consolidation is negligible.


We show that for any " > 0 and a sufficiently large cube-free q, any reduced residue class modulo q can be represented as a product of 14 integers from the interval (1,q 1/4e 1/2 +" ). The length of the interval is at the lower limit of what is possible be- fore the Burgess bound on the smallest quadratic nonresidue is improved. We also consider several variations of this result and give applications to Fermat quotients.


Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is considered the gold-standard treatment for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS), yet 30% are considered inappropriate for SAVR on account of the advanced age and multiple comorbidities. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) provides an option for high-risk patients with severe AS, especially for those accompanied with acute cardiogenic shock and multiple organ dysfunction. Herein, we presented a case of a patient resuscitated successfully with TAVI in combination with intra-aortic balloon pump.


Urban wildlife is often overlooked in wildlife studies, with most researchers based in cities but conducting studies in remote areas far from their homes. Urban dwellers generally view urban wildlife as pests, and modern urban systems discourage their presence. Despite these challenges, Pune, a city in India, hosts a surprisingly diverse array of wildlife, with 62 different mammal species recorded within a 40 km radius from the city center. Previous studies on Pune's mammal fauna date back to the 19th century, but much of the research was limited to bird fauna.
 Habitat loss due to urbanization has been a significant factor affecting urban wildlife, impacting about one-third of the species. Pollution, though likely affecting many species, has not been thoroughly studied. While some mammals have thrived in urban environments, others have faced population declines or retreats. For example, sensitive species like blackbuck and tigers are retreating from the city at a rapid pace, while civets and hares are more tolerant and have retreated only slightly.
 Various factors contribute to wildlife decline in urban areas, including hunting, poaching, and superstitions leading to the persecution of certain species. Trapping practices are generally small-scale and sustainable, mostly conducted by specialized tribes. Wildlife is also affected by becoming vermin, leading to extermination efforts. Urbanization poses numerous threats to wildlife, such as habitat degradation, disturbance, and hazards like overhead electric wires and poles.
 Despite these challenges, Pune has the highest recorded species richness among Indian metropolises, with 65 mammal species found in the urban area. The city's location between the Western Ghats and the Deccan plains contributes to its diverse range of species. The study calls for deeper exploration of mammal diversity in Bangalore, another Indian city with a similar climate and biome, to expand knowledge on urban wildlife.
 Overall, urban wildlife studies remain an underexplored area, and efforts to understand and conserve urban biodiversity are crucial.


Objectives To develop and implement a "semi-presential" technology platform to support urgent and priority dental care for the elderly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic among the Chilean population. Methods A dental mobile clinic was implemented along with the development of a technological platform designed to support emergency and priority dental procedures, including teleconsultation with specialists. Under strict biosafety protocols, dental care was provided in five Chilean regions between February and May 2021. Sociodemographic, medical, and dental data were recorded. Results A total of 135 patients over sixty years old, with a mean age of 72 years, were treated, 48 males and 87 females were attended between February and May 2021 in five different regions of Chile. 53.3% required immediate or urgent treatment, and 24.4% were derived to specialists from whom 60.6% needed immediate or urgent treatment. 74.3% of teleconsultations were derived to an oral pathology specialist. Conclusion It was shown that a "semi-presential" technology platform implemented in a mobile dental clinic can help elderly people who are impeded to look for traditional dental assistance during a pandemic.


Simultaneous lasing on lines of the bands of a sequence in an optically pumped CO/sub 2/ laser is reported. The use of input pulses with this spectral composition makes possible an increase in efficiency of high-power CO/sub 2/ lasers by 20--40%.


We present both theoretical and experimental details on the effects of cavity length deturning of the synchronously mode-locked CW dye laser. The theory predicts an increase in cavity length sensitivity with intracavity bandwidth, and an asymmetric variation in the pulsewidth and pulse power with length detuning from the "matched" position. The predictions are shown to be in close agreement with the results of our experiments on the Rhodamine 6G dye laser.


We study the ALT algorithm [19] for the point-to-point shortest path problem in the context of road networks. We suggest improvements to the algorithm itself and to its preprocessing stage. We also develop a memory-efficient implementation of the algorithm that runs on a Pocket PC. It stores graph data in a flash memory card and uses RAM to store information only for the part of the graph visited by the current shortest path computation. The implementation works even on very large graphs, including that of the North America road network, with almost 30 million vertices.


Online shopping is an easy and comfortable way of shopping from a large range of products. There are innumerable advantages of online shopping. Customers can save a lot of time which they normally need to physically go to the retail shop and buy the products that customers want. We have set up a fully functional e-commerce website that has the capacity to be extended to a smarter model by incorporating data mining to understand customer buying habits and traits to predict future trends. We have utilized a free CMS system and developed the website using MYSQL database and PHP programming language. Firstly it is a free CMS system so others can use without paying. This smart shopping model is divided into 9 modules. The Registration Module which allows users and customers to register on the i-shop website in order to use it. The Products Browse and Products Search Module allow the customers easy access to search the website for their preferred products. The Shopping cart Module which has multiple currency capability to allow customers to use the website in their preferred currency. Also implemented is the Shipping & Billing Module which allows the vendor to control the amount of shipping charges. The Payment Module allows the customer many methods to make payments. The Admin User Management, Admin Catalog Management and Admin Order Management Module allow the admin of i-shop model to manage, control and monitor the overall website in a seamless manner. Finally this study attempts to examine how a smarter shopping model will influence consumers' online shopping attitude.


In this volume Professor Lee pulls together the contents of his unpublished but widely circulated Ph.D. thesis (1965) and his numerous papers on !Kung ecology and social organization. He also adds new material on leadership, conflict and social change. For the past decade Lee's work has been increasingly Marxist in perspective; and although this approach features prominently in the book, non-Marxists, and particularly ecological anthropologists, will find much to interest them. In his introduction Lee notes that the book draws on three theoretical perspectives; the cultural ecology of Julian Steward, the Marxist framework of Maurice Godelier and others, and ecological systems theory. Yet the emphasis throughout is on an understanding of the data and not on any particular theory as an end in itself. In chapter 1, the author describes his three years of fieldwork with the IKung. He first arrived among them in 1963 and has been working with the IKung intermittently ever since. But of course, Lee's extensive and important data provide a much better testimony to the quality of his fieldwork than any description could ever do. Some of the anecdotes in this chapter are revealing and the photograph of Lee on his donkey is very funny (page 27), but is it really necessary to know what brand of notebooks he used or how many pages of notes he took or carbon copies he made? Chapter 2 is mainly about what to call them—San, Bushmen or Basarwa. This topic seems to be obligatory in everything written about the hunter-gatherers of the Kalahari these days, and Lee's review of the literature is fuller than in his previous edited volume (with Irven DeVore), Kalahari Hunter-Gatherers. The fact is, the Bushmen (this reviewer's term) have long been felt inferior by peoples around them, and any term applied, including the Nama word 'san', can be a term of abuse. But the more important issue raised in this chapter is the problem of ethnic and linguistic classification, and Lee raises this issue all too briefly. And on several points of detail, his linguistic classification is inaccurate. From chapter 3, though, Richard Borshay Lee does what he does best; he describes the Dobe area IKung and their relationship to the environment. The Dobe IKung are still huntergatherers, although they have lived near Bantu-speaking cattle herders for a long time and are today (some of them) learning to read and write and taking jobs in the South African mines. Topics include technology, plant resources, the mongongo, hunting, the sexual division of labour, the allocation of nutritional stress, production and reproduction, and economic and social change. Two chapters which give interesting and new data are of particular theoretical interest. Chapter 12 deals with ownership, leadership and the use of space. Here Lee examines the various activities which cause IKung aggregations and dispersals and argues that the prevention of conflict, and not ecological necessity, is the major reason why IKung groups have traditionally spent more time in (wet season) dispersal than in the larger (dry season) camps by the permanent waterholes. In the next chapter, on conflict and violence, he argues that the IKung are not quite the harmless people they have been portrayed as, and his argument is persuasive. Finally, it is worth noting what is not in the book. Religion and cosmology are not treated; nor are kinship or the gift-giving relationship, except as these relate directly to band composition and subsistence activities. The IKung San is not a general ethnography, but as its subtitle suggests, a study of men, women and work in a foraging society; and what Professor Lee does discuss, he discusses well.


Cement asphalt(CA)mortar was decomposed into the multiple levels of binary mixtures based on the micro mechanics model.According to a model of binary complex elastic modulus,a calculation method for CA mortar elastic modulus by mixing ratio parameters was proposed.This method was used to calculate the different mixing ratios,and the calculated results were similar to the experimental data,showing that the method is effective.


The effect of postbombardment annealing, or postannealing, has been investigated for Ti diffusion in ion prebombarded MgO(100). MgO postannealing was performed in ultrahigh vacuum after ion prebombardment of MgO and prior to Ti evaporation and diffusion. For postannealing temperatures of T=800, 900, and 1000 °C, Ti diffusion in 7 keV Ar+ prebombarded MgO exhibits the expected exponential decays with postannealing time and more rapid decays with higher temperatures. Cationic diffusion in the ion prebombarded sample proceeds in a nonsteady state condition of extra defects known as nonsteady state radiation enhanced diffusion (NSRED). Thermal dissociation of small vacancy clusters is responsible for NSRED. From the data of T⩽1000 °C, the derived dissociation energy of the vacancy clusters is only ∼10% of the normal value. For some specific postannealing times at T=1100 °C, the subsequent Ti diffusion was more enhanced than that without postannealing, a phenomenon which is contrary to the usual understanding ...


This study investigates copyright discourses on YouTube. Through a qualitative content analysis of approximately 200 YouTube videos, we explore how YouTube creators understand copyright law, and how they navigate a highly technical and dynamic copyright enforcement ecosystem. Our findings offer insights into how digitally situated cultural producers are impacted by and respond to automated content moderation. This is important because increasingly lawmakers around the world are asking digital platforms to implement efficient systems for content moderation and yet there is a lack of good information about the stakeholders most directly impacted by these practices. In this study, we provide a systematic analysis of the opinions and strategies of creators who are affected by YouTube's copyright enforcement measures.


Objective The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March of 2020 forced a rapid pivot to telehealth and compelled a use-case experiment in specialty telehealth neurology movement disorders care. The aims of this study were to quantify the potential benefit of telehealth as an option to the Parkinson's disease community as shown by the first 9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to quantify the potential impact of the absence of a deep brain stimulation (DBS) telehealth option on DBS patient follow-up. Methods New patient visits to the Inova Parkinson's and Movement Disorder's Center from April to December 2020 (9 months) were retrospectively reviewed for telehealth vs. in-person, demographics (age, gender, race, primary insurance), chief complaint, prior movement disorders specialist (MDS) consultation, imaging tests ordered, and distance/travel time from primary zip code to clinic. Additionally, DBS programming visit volume from April to December 2020 was compared to DBS programming visit volume from April to December 2019. Results Of the 1,097 new patients seen, 85% were via telehealth (N = 932) and 15% in person (N = 165). In the telehealth cohort, 97.75% had not consulted with an MDS before (N = 911), vs. 87.9% of in-person (N = 145). Age range was 61.8 +/– 17.9 years (telehealth), 68.8 +/– 16.0 years (in-person). Racial breakdown for telehealth was 60.7% White (N = 566), 10.4% Black (N = 97), 7.4% Asian (N = 69) and 4.5% Hispanic (N = 42); in-person was 70.9% White (N = 117), 5.5% Black (N = 9), 7.9% Asian (N = 13) and 5.5% Hispanic (N = 9). Top 5 consultation reasons, top 10 primary insurance providers and imaging studies ordered between the two cohorts were similar. Distance/travel time between primary zip code and clinic were 33.8 +/– 104.8 miles and 42.2 +/– 93.4 min (telehealth) vs. 38.1 +/– 114.7 miles and 44.1 +/– 97.6 min (in-person). DBS programming visits dropped 24.8% compared to the same period the year before (254 visits to 191 visits). Conclusion Telehealth-based new patient visits to a Movement Disorders Center appeared successful at increasing access to specialty care. The minimal difference in supporting data highlights the potential parity to in-person visits. With no telehealth option for DBS visits, a significant drop-off was seen in routine DBS management.


Molecular dynamics simulations with the explicit simple solvent model are examined to study the conversion of energy from chemical reactions into the motion of a motor molecule due to the solvation change around the reaction site on the motor molecule. Here, the appearance and disappearance of the attractive interaction between a reaction site and solvent molecules are introduced as a "chemical" reaction. Each of the events for the motion of a solvation motor resembles a random walk. However, on average, changes in the solvation structure due to the "chemical" reaction cause the forward motion, and the displacement of the motor becomes larger than the motor size. The motor is accelerated twice. The collision of solvent molecules with the reaction site caused by the appearance of attraction is dominant as the first driving force during the "chemical" reaction period. The second acceleration is driven by the scattering of solvent molecules near the "chemical" reaction site on the motor after the "chemical" ...


The mechanism of loose snow and snow slab avalanches is studied with regard to the metamorphosis of stresses. The latter is steered by a temporal change of the physical characteristics of the snow. For the loose-snow avalanches, the so-called critical inclination of the snow cover (critical slope) seems to be of great importance. For the formation of snow slab avalanches the fact is to be considered that the tensil strength of the snow cover as a whole is always smaller than the sum of the tensil strength of the single layers. An enormous field of variations of the physical qualities of different forms of aggregate beginning with loose snow up to poreless ice is reflected in their plastic behaviour. This is demonstrated by the state of viscosity of the polar neve and of the alpine snow cover.


a more explicitly political bent and saw women's rights as a "benchmark of the level of a nation's civilization" (211). Shaking the Empire, Shaking the Patriarchy is an ambitious and useful project that will serve in a variety of classroom and research sett ings. Simply collecting and translating relevant documents from a dozen languages is an achievement, and the authors make a good case for the place of AustroHungarian feminism within the broader movement. Schwartz and Th orson's work will be extremely useful as a source for upperlevel classes on European Feminism, East Central Europe, the Habsburg Empire, and European culture in general. John E. Fahey Georgia Military College