In this study, we describe tailor-made control of fluorescence intensity in an array of polymer nanosheets assemblies by combining energy transfer with electron transfer process. The assemblies were made of three-type polymer Langmuir-Blodgett films. The first layer contains phenanthrene chromophore, the second layer contains anthracene chromophore, and then the third layer having dinitrobenzene unit is assembled. The phenanthrene(Phen)layers play a role of energy donor of the anthracene(An)layers under light excitation(λex = 298 nm), and the dinitrobenzene(DNB)layers function as an electron acceptor of the anthracene layers. As the phenanthrene layer was excited byλex = 298 nm, the excited energy was transferred selectively to anthracene layer. Subsequently, the dinitrobenzene layer quenches the excited state of anthracene by electron transfer reaction. As the result, weak fluorescence was observed from the nanosheets. However, when the photocycloaddition of the anthracene molecules proceeds by 368 nm irradiation the efficiency of energy transfer from phenanthrene to anthracene decrease. As a result the phenanthrene fluorescence was recovered. The phenanthrene emission can be controlled in a tailor manner by 368 nm irradiation. This tailor-made control can be applied to luminescence-based optical memory.


The tungsten melting pot is used in SL63-7BL vacuum resistance furnace, and tantalum plate is used to gathering bulk,raw terbium metal is purified by distillation at the temperature of 1 750~1 800℃ with the vacuity of 5×10-3Pa. The technology is reliable and can be batch production.


Popularity of wearable cameras in life logging, law enforcement, assistive vision and other similar applications is leading to explosion in generation of egocentric video content. First person action recognition is an important aspect of automatic analysis of such videos. Annotating such videos is hard, not only because of obvious scalability constraints, but also because of privacy issues often associated with egocentric videos. This motivates the use of unsupervised methods for egocentric video analysis. In this work, we propose a robust and generic unsupervised approach for first person action clustering. Unlike the contemporary approaches, our technique is neither limited to any particular class of action nor requires priors such as pre-training, fine-tuning, etc. We learn time sequenced visual and flow features from an array of weak feature extractors based on convolutional and LSTM autoencoder networks. We demonstrate that clustering of such features leads to the discovery of semantically meaningful actions present in the video. We validate our approach on four disparate public egocentric actions datasets amounting to approximately 50 hours of videos. We show that our approach surpasses the supervised state of the art accuracies without using the action labels.


Aims: In this study we analysed the prevalence of severe hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with antihyperglycemic agents (AHA) and requiring emergency room (ER) assistance. This analysis was also done by AHA therapy. Materials and methods: The HIPOS-ER study was a cross-sectional, observational, multicenter, nationwide, study with specific hypoglycemia source data collection. Results: Within the study period, a total of 425,706 admissions were recorded at the ER of participating hospitals. The prevalence of severe hypoglycemic episodes with T2DM was 0.074%. 238 patients were included, more than half of them were on insulin-based therapy (55.0%) and a third (31.5%) on oral secretagogue-based therapy. In 61.2% primary care was the main diabetes This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/dom.13030 A cc ep te d A rti cl e care setting. Median age was 77.5 years and mean duration of diabetes 19 years. Missing a meal or low carbohydrate meal content was the most frequent triggering cause of hypoglycemia (55.9%) and the most frequent triggers for seeking emergency assistance were pre-syncope (19.2%) and transient loss of consciousness (17.4%). 44.1% of patients were hospitalized for a median of 5.1 days. Patients on the secretagogue group were more often admitted than patients in the insulin group (70.7% vs 29.0%; p<0.001). Nine patients died. Conclusions: These findings confirm that severe hypoglycemia in T2DM patients requiring ER assistance occurs mainly on insulin and secretagogue-based therapies and is associated with a significant medical burden. Antidiabetic therapy should be individualized to minimize the risk of severe iatrogenic hypoglycemia, and any intervention to this end, should always involve primary care stakeholders.


A rather significant degree of wearing of pipeline transportation systems constructed using hot-rolled pipes is observed in the oil and gas industry. This raises concerns regarding emerging threats to their operational safety. As to the use of hot-rolled pipes in heat supply systems, where the pipes service life is short, while labor intensity and costs for pipes replacement are high, the situation is unfavorable. Measures are required to increase their reliability. Technologies and equipment have been developed for anticorrosion treatment of pipe surfaces and the solid material, combined with hardening surface deformation processing (SPD) of inner and outer pipe surfaces. Anticorrosive inhibitory treatment of the solid body ensures elimination of inter-crystalline corrosion inside the solid material.


Objective To analyze the application of traditional Chinese Medicine Injections in treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in pediatric of outpatient department and provide the references for rationally drug use in clinic.Methods A total of 1 000 prescriptions in pediatric of outpatient department in Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October to November,2009 were randomly selected for a statistical analysis on use of traditional Chinese Medicine Injections.Results Among 1 000 prescriptions,37.70% of them used Chinese Medicine Injections;there was no difference regarding the use of Chinese Medicine Injections in different age groups of patients.In addition,the percentage of prescriptions with only Chinese Medicine Injections was 17.51%;while the percentage of prescriptions of combination of Chinese Medicine Injections and antibiotics was 81.95%.Conclusion It has been approved that Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections have unique effect on treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in pediatrics of outpatient service.However,it should be advised to attach great importance to safely,effectively and rationally applying Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections together with application of antibiotics in infant.


Several kinds of anti-corrosive and anti-oxygen additives were obtained from foreign lubricating oil package by means of separation technology.Their structures were indentified by mass spectrographic analysis and their molecular weights and structural formulas were given,providing the informations for the development of domestic superior quality lubricating oil packages.


Today's Elec toral Col lege and the one cre ated by the Found ing Fathers are two dif fer ent elec tion mech a nisms. The Found ing Fathers might have expected that the Elec toral Col lege would only select the can di dates for both the Pres i dency and the Vice Pres i dency, and Con gress would choose both exec u tives from among the selected can di dates. In any case, the equal ity of the states in elect ing both exec u tives in Con gress was sup posed to com pen sate for the inequal ity of the states in the Elec toral Col lege. Chap ter 2 dis cusses the cur rent elec tion sys tem and attempts to help the reader com pre hend whether this sys tem is a his tor i cal anach ro nism or a unique ele ment of the sys tem of "checks and bal ances" embed ded in the Con sti tu tion. This chap ter presents a list of con sti tu tional arti cles and amend ments relat ing to the elec tion sys tem, along with a brief descrip tion of how each of these parts of the Con sti tu tion affects the func tion ing of the sys tem. It dis cusses the basic prin ci ples of the cur rent elec tion sys tem, along with seven puz zles of the Twelfth Amend ment that have remained unsolved since its rat i fi ca tion in 1804.


Objective To investigate the protective effect of Rhizoma Anemarrhenae extract on the gastrointestinal dysfunction induced by dexamethasone(DXM) in rats and mice.Methods The pathologic models of gastrointestinal dysfunction induced by DXM were established in rats and mice.The volume and pH value of gastric juice,the activity of pepsin,the volume of gastric barrier mucus were detected to evaluate the pharmacological effects of Anemarrhenae extract in rats and mice.Results DXM at 1.2 mg/kg for 8 days could increase the leve1of pepsin,and decrease the pH value of the gastric juice and the volume of gastric barrier mucus in rats.And the rate of intestinal propulsion and gastric emptying in mice could be reduced by administration of DXM at 1.0 mg/kg for 5 days.Anemarrhenae extract could significantly improve the pathologic manifestation of rat and mouse models accordingly.Conclusions The reproducible model of gastrointestinal dysfunction induced by DXM could be made successfully.Anemarrhenae extract could obviously improve the gastrointestinal dysfunction induced by DXM in rats and mice.


ABSTRACT To improve conservation strategies for threatened sea turtles, more knowledge on their ecology, behavior, and how they cope with severe and changing weather conditions is needed. Satellite and animal motion datalogging tags were used to study the inter-nesting behavior of two female loggerhead turtles in the Gulf of Mexico, which regularly has hurricanes and tropical storms during nesting season. We contrast the behavioral patterns and swimming energetics of these two turtles, the first tracked in calm weather and the second tracked before, during and after a tropical storm. Turtle 1 was highly active and swam at the surface or submerged 95% of the time during the entire inter-nesting period, with a high estimated specific oxygen consumption rate (0.95 ml min−1 kg−0.83). Turtle 2 was inactive for most of the first 9 days of the inter-nesting period, during which she rested at the bottom (80% of the time) with low estimated oxygen consumption (0.62 ml min−1 kg−0.83). Midway through the inter-nesting period, turtle 2 encountered a tropical storm and became highly active (swimming 88% of the time during and 95% after the storm). Her oxygen consumption increased significantly to 0.97 ml min−1 kg−0.83 during and 0.98 ml min−1 kg−0.83 after the storm. However, despite the tropical storm, turtle 2 returned to the nesting beach, where she successfully re-nested 75 m from her previous nest. Thus, the tropical storm had a minor effect on this female's individual nesting success, even though the storm caused 90% loss nests at Casey Key. Summary: Data retrieved from motion dataloggers and satellite tags showed that a tropical storm can have a large effect on swimming energetics of a sea turtle, but has little effect on nesting.


Despite the compelling evidence on gain-loss-domain-dependent behavior, research on domain-dependent portfolio diversification is scarce. In an online experimental study, we recruited 251 experienced US retail investors to select portfolios that differ in asset correlation and risk measures in both the gain and the loss domain. Our findings unveil that diversification behavior is domain-dependent and interacts with the level of information aggregation. Presenting aggregated portfolio outcomes prompts portfolio choices consistent with prospect theory risk preferences and generally higher levels of portfolio diversification. In contrast, displaying individual stock outcomes results in more diversified portfolios in the loss compared to the gain domain on average, in line with previous evidence suggesting that individuals do not accurately understand the concept of portfolio diversification.


A flight data acquisition system was developed to aid unmanned vehicle designers in verifying the vehicle's design performance. The system is reconfigurable and allows the designer to choose the correct combination of complexity, risk, and cost for a given flight test. The designer can also reconfigure the system to meet packaging and integration requirements. System functionality was validated by collecting data during flight of an radio-controlled aircraft, and future work includes further system validation, quantifying system accuracy, sensor fusion, and stability and control derivative estimation.


The genetics of self-Incompatibility (SI) was studied in the genus Schlumbergera Lemalre. Nineteen F 1 progeny were intercrossed In a full diallel and reciprocally backcrossed to both parents (Schlumbergera Rocket and Buckleyi, 2n = 2x = 22). Four Intra-lncompatlble but reciprocally compatible classes were obtained in the diallel. All F, progeny were reciprocally cross-compatible with both parents. Three F, families were generated and 13 to 14 seedlings in each F 2 family were tested for their incompatibility responses. Results of all crosses were consistent with a one-locus, multiallelic SI system under gametophytic control. Schlumbergera has trJ-cellular pollen and dry stigmas with a papillate receptive surface and these features are typically associated with sporophytlc SI systems. This Is the first report on the Inheritance of SI for the Cactaceae, a family of *°1500 species that exhibits SI in at least 28 of its 98 genera (29%).


Protection of mutually coupled transmission lines poses special challenges to protection engineers, since the general principles outlining the expected performance of the protection elements are based on simplified versions of the issues affecting them.  Distance protection elements are among the most commonly accepted methods for protecting mutually coupled transmission lines, however, the calculation of settings and the validation of their performance is a complex task, involving lots of simulations and analysis of results to come up with an acceptable solution.  Though various methods have been proposed to deal with the problem of calculating the optimal settings of distance protection elements, there is still room for improvement, since these methods have been formulated for the general case considering simple transmission lines.  In this paper, a variation of one of these methods is introduced to enhance the computing times and reliability of the solutions for the specific application of quadrilateral distance protection to mutually coupled transmission lines, through the characterization of the expected performance of the operating characteristic, and the formulation of the optimization problem and the solution method.  The obtained results show the improvements in computing times and quality of the solution provided by the proposed algorithm.


It sets a 4 DOFs of vehicle model with semi-active suspension system and self-adaptive fuzzy control method. The result of simulation and experiment on road shows that self-adaptive fuzzy used for semi-active suspension can clearly precede to passive suspension for deducing vibration and improving passengers comfort in action.


The invention discloses a glue stripping agent. The glue stripping agent is used for removing residual optical cement and glue produced by a touch screen technology. The glue stripping agent comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of a synthetic alkali, 60-80 parts of an alcohol, 5-10 parts of alkanolamine and 5-10 parts of deionized water. The glue stripping agent is an alkaline liquid, can effectively and fully remove various types of residual glue, and does not damage the surface of a pasted material. In immersion of a rejected product with residual glue by the glue stripping agent, the glue stripping agent permeates into the interface between the glue and the surface of the pasted material so that the glue loses viscidity, forms a film, can be stripped easily and does not produce residues. Immersion time is short; use is convenient; the glue residues are removed easily; and time and labor are saved. The glue stripping agent is prepared from the cheap raw materials, reduces material consumption and improves product competitiveness.


Long-term investment for large-scale low voltage (LV) (0.4 kV in the U.K.) networks is one of the key issues concerned by distribution network operators (DNOs). The major difficulties in carrying out long-term LV distribution network investment at the system level are the extensiveness of these networks and the very limited network information, such as utilizations of transformers and circuits. To overcome these difficulties, this paper proposes a novel statistical method for quantifying the reinforcement costs in LV distribution networks driven by demand growth. The triangular probability distribution is used to represent the distribution of utilization levels of circuits and transformers in LV networks, allowing the assessment of the scale of network assets to be reinforced based on probabilities. The demand driven reinforcement for a given period is evaluated in terms of thermal violation and voltage violation. Total reinforcement costs are determined based on the evaluated proportions of assets to be reinforced, their unit costs and total amount. The proposed statistical method is implemented into a practical distribution system in Great Britain (GB).


In Proof-of-Work (PoW) blockchain systems, miners can select the pool to join for maximizing their revenues, leading to the mining pool selection problem. A pool can infiltrate its mining power into other pools for only obtaining additional revenues without substantially contributing to their mining work. This is called Block WithHolding (BWH) attack and significantly affects the pool selection of miners. We therefore investigate the mining pool selection issue under the BWH attack in this paper. Previous studies rely on an arguable and impractical assumption that miners can observe the attack to calculate their payoffs. This paper however focuses on unobservable BWH attack and applies reinforcement learning (RL) techniques to analyze the intelligent pool selection of miners. We adopt three typical RL models, i.e., Q-Learning (QL), Deep Q Network (DQN) and Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C) to dynamically learn the optimal pool selection policies of an intelligent miner, and use a discrete-event simulator to measure the reward of the miner. Simulation results are also provided to demonstrate the learning performances of the three models.


The research aimed to determine the relationship between the deduction system and tax compliance, showing a Peruvian case specifically in a service company; regarding the methodology used, it is: type of basic research, quantitative approach, non-experimental design and correlational descriptive level. On the other hand, the population was made up of 6 collaborators; the technique used was the survey and the instrument was the questionnaire developed under the Likert scale.


This paper offers an overview of the Canadian provincial regulations and the accreditation process of foreign trained lawyers and Quebec lawyers performed by the National Committee on Accreditation. The procedure to transform a law graduate into a lawyer is examined for each province in terms of general admission conditions, such as education, articling and bar admission course, and special admission conditions, such as minimum age required and Canadian citizenship or permanent/temporary residence.Further, there are problems with the Canadian accreditation system that could be remedied with minor modifications and a more cooperative approach. To become a lawyer in Canada, one must be admitted as a member of the law society where she or he intends to practice. A foreign trained lawyer or a lawyer who achieved her or his civil law degree in Quebec must be accredited by the National Committee on Accreditation administered by the Federation of the Law Societies of Canada from Ottawa before applying to any of the common-law society admission programs.Therefore, this paper presents a critical analysis of the provincial differences in terms of how new members are admitted in the law societies and analyses side effects of maintaining disunified provincial regulations across Canada. Despite differences, all law societies are focused on teaching law graduates how to apply their theoretical knowledge and practice law with professionalism and responsibility. This paper reveals how a disunified system of regulations is or might be perceived inequitable and unjust.Finally, this paper offers recommendations to improve the process of recruiting new lawyers, presents concrete ways to improve the accreditation process of foreign trained lawyers, and suggests a more equitable process of accreditation for lawyers who have obtained a civil law degree in Quebec and intend to practice in a common-law jurisdiction. Ideas are presented that will enhance a more cooperative partnership between members of the National Committee on Accreditation, Canadian law societies, and law schools.


HowNet is an online common-sense knowledge base unveiling inter-conceptual relations and inter-attribute relations of concepts as connoting in Chinese and English bilingual lexicons. Since it was released in 1999, HowNet has become more and more popular and been applied in various areas of NLP, related to both Chinese and English. We show a general picture of HowNet, discuss its theory and peculiarities.


In this paper a cost analysis case study of migrating services from an SDH network platform into a packet based transport network is presented. The Net Present Value (NPV) of the costs of actively migrating the services is compared with the NPV of the costs of operating the SDH platform for the regular duration of all remaining services. Different cost contributors, including Capital Expenditures and Operational Expenditures, as well as different traffic scenarios are analyzed based on a realistic scenario. Different migration strategies are considered. In most cases active service migration is cost efficient. It can be shown that cost savings can be optimized if the traffic scenario, the migration time window and the migration speed are aligned.


Powered by the rapid development of the information age, big data technology has had a great impact on China's socialist economic development. Big data technology is integrated into all fields of nowadays society, especially in the accounting industry of enterprises. Accounting computerization quickly replaces the traditional manual bookkeeping, realizes the timeliness and accuracy of accounting information data processing, and improves the work efficiency and quality of accounting staff to a great extent, but at the same time, the security of financial accounting information is also very prominent. To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a hybrid encryption algorithm based on double chaotic system and improved AES encryption algorithm. The improved AES algorithm uses affine transformation pairs (A7 and 6F) to generate new S-boxes. The double four-dimensional hyperchaotic system is transformed from two three-dimensional chaotic systems, and then, the transformed hyperchaotic system is used to generate chaotic sequences, and a block encryption scheme is designed. On Hadoop big data platform, double hyperchaotic encryption scheme and improved AES algorithm are combined. Simulation test results show that this method can safely transmit enterprise financial accounting information data packets. With the increase of computing cluster nodes, its encryption transmission efficiency continues to improve. This scheme not only solves the problem of enterprise financial accounting data security encryption but also realizes the parallel transmission of encrypted data in the information age, forming a double guarantee of data transmission security and efficiency.


In the Guaymas Basin, the presence at a few tens of kilometers of cold seeps and hydrothermal vents coupled with comparable sedimentary settings and depths offer a unique opportunity to assess and compare the microbial community composition of these deep-sea ecosystems. The microbial diversity in sediments from three cold seep and two hydrothermal vent assemblages were investigated using high-throughput 16S rRNA-sequencing. Numerous bacterial and archaeal lineages were detected in both cold seep and hydrothermal vent sediments. Various potential organic matter degraders (e.g. Chloroflexi, Atribacteria, MBG-D) and methane and sulfur cycling related microorganisms (e.g. ANME and methanogenic lineages, sulfate-reducing lineages) were detected in both ecosystems. This suggests that analogous metabolic processes such as organic matter degradation and anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to sulfate reduction, were probably occurring in these two contrasted ecosystems. These highlighted "core microbiome" of the Guaymas Basin chemosynthetic ecosystems might therefore result from the combined presence of up-rising fluid emissions and high sedimentary rates of organic matter in the Basin. These results, coupled with the detailed ribotype analysis of major archaeal lineages (ANME-1, ANME-2 and MBG-D), also suggest a potential connectivity among deep-sea ecosystems of the Guaymas Basin likely due to the sedimentary context and the absence of physical border. However, thermophilic and hyperthermophilic lineages (e.g. : Thermodesulfobacteria, Desulfurococcales, etc.) were exclusively identified in hydrothermally impacted sediments highlighting the strong influence of temperature gradients and other hydrothermally-related factors such as thermogenic sulfate reduction and sulfide formation on microbial community composition.


Disclosed is a method for multiprocessor computer systems using an optimized input/output subsystem that is based on dedicated System Assist Processors (SAPs) or I/O Processors (I0Ps) to handle inbound initiatives i.e. request responses and / or external event notifications. Each node (10) of the I/O processors (12) communicates with I/O devices, via I/O paths (2) corresponding to the nodes (10), and the responses are generated by I/O hardware and/or firmware addressed by a precedent I/O request issued by a respective one of said I/O processors (12). The external event notifications are generated by I/O hardware and/or firmware, and the initiatives are to be processed by one or a group of the multiple I/O processors. Using a pre-defined, first data element (20) indicating incoming or existing initiatives from any I/O path (2) of all of the nodes to be served by one of the I/O processors (12), using a second data structure (22), one of the second structures per node (10), wherein each of said second data structures defines which initiative is preferably handled by which processor (12) or group of processors (12), respectively, and using a third data structure (24), one of per node (10), such that multiple bits can be set in order to indicate the occurrence of respective initiatives for respective multiple I/O processors (12).


The invention provides a desulphurization slag modifier for molten iron containing vanadium and titanium, a preparation method of the desulphurization slag modifier and a desulphurization slag modifying method. The preparation method comprises the step of uniformly mixing 30-40 parts of quartz sand powder, 5-10 parts of fluorite powder, 5-10 parts of soda powder, 30-40 parts of active lime powder and 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide powder by weight to obtain the desulphurization slag modifier. The desulphurization slag modifier comprises the following components in percentage by weight: not more than 0.080% of S, not more than 0.080% of P, 30-40% of SiO2, 4-8% of CaF2, 4-9% of Na2CO3, 30-40% of CaO and 8-16% of Al2O3. The desulphurization slag modifying method comprises the following steps: adding the desulphurization slag modifier into the molten iron containing vanadium and titanium and performing desulphurization slag modification on the molten iron containing vanadium and titanium. The desulphurization slag modifier disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the desulphurization efficiency of the molten iron containing vanadium and titanium can be improved, the sulfur return quantity after desulphurization of the molten iron can be reduced, and the slagging iron loss can be reduced.


DECORTICATED WHEAT BREAD. WE have received from Mr. J. T. O'Callaghan, Wood Green, a sample of bread made of meal manufactured by the Vale of Evesham Flour Mills Company. The meal used is granulated, that is, made by the roller process, and it is claimed for it that it contains the whole of the " wheat berry;" there are no large particles of bran in it to cause irritation of the intestines, and we have no doubt that it is a very good and wholesome bread, and an improvement on the old-fashioned brown bread.


The present investigation is about the problematic reality based on the effort that the human resources make, in a frame that includes the educative-administrative quality of the teaching and administrative crew of the Private University Antenor Orrego of the city of Trujillo. The hypothesis says that the management by competitions, it brings with itself a significant improvement in the performance of the human resources, and therefore in the results of the institutional management. The methodology used considers the quantitative approach. In order to verify the hypothesis it was determined as population the total of teachers between regular and with contract and the administrative crew active to date 31.12.08. Where, the variables were operated and measured by the Self-evaluation of the Teaching - Administrative Performance survey, elaborated based. The general conclusion determined, was that a highly difference between of management by competitions style and of the traditional management style exists, within the framework of the teaching quality, in the University Antenor Orrego of Trujillo. This is very important, because it makes possible the institutional sustainable development of the studied university organization.


This dissertation presents two variants of Cops and Robbers that feature asymmetric movement, meaning that the cops and robber have different rules for traversing the edges of the graph. The first variant discussed is the bridge-burning variant, wherein the game is played on an undirected graph and the robber deletes any edge he traverses. The second variant discussed is the weak directed variant, wherein the game is played on a directed graph; here the cops can only move along each edge in the direction it points, whereas the robber can traverse each edge in either direction. In both variants, we will be looking at the cop numbers for well-known classes of graphs.


A series of LiBaBO3:RE (RE = Eu2+/Tb3+/Eu3+) phosphors have been synthesized using the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), emission spectra, excitation spectra, decay lifetimes, and diffuse reflection spectra were utilized to characterize the phosphors. The as-prepared samples have been characterized via XRD measurement and showed that Eu2+/Tb3+/Eu3+ can be efficiently doped into the host. The obtained phosphors can emit different colors of light when doping with different activators. The energy transfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+ occurs in LiBaBO3:0.03Eu3+,yTb3+ prepared in the air. While an abnormal reduction phenomenon was reported when Eu and Tb ions were co-doped in LiBaBO3 and prepared in an inferior reductive atmosphere, which showed tunable-color from blue to red based on energy transfer of Eu2+ → Tb3+ → Eu3+ ions. And the energy transfer not only can occur between Eu2+ and Tb3+ ions, but also between Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions. All these results reveal that Tb3+ can play the role of storing the energy for Eu3+, and LiBaBO3 may be a potential candidate phosphor for LEDs.


The role of the sandprawn Callichirus kraussi as an ecosystem engineer was experimentally assessed using caging experiments over a four-month period in 2010 in the temporarily open/closed Kasouga Estuary on the south-eastern coast of South Africa. The sandprawn contributed to a significant increase in bioturbation, associated with a decline in microphytobenthic algal concentrations which coincided with a significant decrease in the abundance of the gastropod Nassarius kraussianus. The presence of the sandprawn did not contribute to a significant decline in sediment organic content, or to the abundance, biomass and species composition of the infauna, which comprised mainly amphipods, isopods and polychaetes. Nor did it contribute to a change in the macrofaunal community structure. The absence of any significant differences between the various treatments appears to reflect the low densities of sandprawns in the estuary during the study period.


At present the civil aerospace industry is undergoing its most rapid period of change in history, due to the large-scale move from metal to composite primary structures. This poses an immediate throughput challenge for the non-destructive testing (NDT) community on the production line where, initially, all composite primary structure will be inspected at manufacture. The background of composites NDT research in the UK has been covered recently in a review [1]. The current paper provides information in two new areas. Firstly, automated NDT analysis and sentencing to improve the throughput of the NDT stage in the composite manufacturing process; and secondly, 3D characterisation of composites, providing more information for the concession (disposition) process. 3D characterisation also allows large-scale measurement of material properties such as ply wrinkling (marceling) that have hitherto been inaccessible in the body of the material itself. In the future, structural designers may be able to specify acceptance criteria that can be varied with 3D structural location and thus remove weight from the structure that is currently only required because of the uncertainties associated with current bulk-property NDT measurements.


The paper analyzes a current system of the state-guaranteed and municipal orders for providing fiscal services. As we show, a current regulatory and methodical framework proved to be too formal, and it does not allow using the system of orders as an effective tool of fiscal policy. We present the new approaches; they, in contrast to standard methods, include incentives to develop local markets of fiscal services through applying the formal approaches which help assess the different consumers' demand for fiscal services. This would allow a medium-term forecast of quantitative variables of the orders and budgetary allocations


(75) Inventor: John Scott Strachan, Edinburgh (GB) 4,536,883 A 8/1985 Chapline, Jr. 4,834,474 A 5/1989 George et al. (73) Assignee: Todd Ovokaitys, Del Mar, CA (US) 4.951,663 A * 8/1990 L'Esperance, Jr. ........... 607/89 5,288,995 A * 2/1994 Strachan ................ 250/227.21 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 5,658.234 A 8/1997 Dunlavy patent is extended or adjusted under 35 6,064,500 A 5/2000 Strachan ..................... 359/569


This paper introduces an indicator framework, which allows for a valid and reliable assessment of the service quality of customer-focused government services. While defining service quality is a difficult task, also operationalising and measuring such an elusive concept can never be done perfectly due to a number of problems. Given the 'soft' nature of service quality, most prior research has focused on survey-based methods, which while being essential have serious flaws owed to this method's inherent lack of reliability. Following suggestions by prior research in the field, this paper develops an assessment framework combining a 'soft' indicator based on a SERVQUAL survey with a set of 'hard' variables adding the reliability, which previous approaches lack.
The indicator was initially developed, tested and re-adjusted for measuring service quality in Berlin's 40 Burgeramter. However, it can be adapted in a way that it is applicable to most customer-based government services. The 'soft' part of this indicator was developed on the lines of five dimensions, scoring services according to their tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy.

On the 'hard' dimension, we have picked a set of eleven variables, which unequivocally add/subtract from service quality, while having the advantage of being measured in a straightforward manner. While the operationalisation and weighting of these variables is open to academic and professional debate, we are confident to have followed a transparent and clearly comprehensible process. We acknowledge, however, that these variables will have to be adjusted when other services are being measured.
All in all, the developed Service Quality Indicator for Customer-Based Public Services (SQI) should be regarded as a starting point for a comprehensive and easily constructible framework to assess service quality in the good governance arena. We hope that this indicator framework will be perfected to the point that it can contribute to a better overall measurement and therefore improvement of government services.


We use the moving-mesh code arepo to investigate the effects of different levels of rotation and turbulence on the fragmentation of primordial gas and the formation of Population III stars. We consider nine different combinations of turbulence and rotation and carry out five different realizations of each setup, yielding one of the largest sets of simulations of Population III star formation ever performed. We find that fragmentation in Population III star-forming systems is a highly chaotic process and show that the outcomes of individual realizations of the same initial conditions often vary significantly. However, some general trends are apparent. Increasing the turbulent energy promotes fragmentation, while increasing the rotational energy inhibits fragmentation. Within the ∼1000 yr period that we simulate, runs including turbulence yield flat protostellar mass functions while purely rotational runs show a more top-heavy distribution. The masses of the individual protostars are distributed over a wide range from a few $10^{-3} \, {\rm M_{\odot }}$ to several tens of M⊙. The total mass growth rate of the stellar systems remains high throughout the simulations and depends only weakly on the degree of rotation and turbulence. Mergers between protostars are common, but predictions of the merger fraction are highly sensitive to the criterion used to decide whether two protostars should merge. Previous studies of Population III star formation have often considered only one realization per set of initial conditions. However, our results demonstrate that robust trends can only be reliably identified by considering averages over a larger sample of runs.


Radiation pressure acceleration (RPA) theoretically may have great potential to revolutionize the study of laserdriven ion accelerators due to its high conversion efficiency and ability to produce high-quality monoenergetic ion beams. However, the instability issue of ion acceleration has been appeared to be a fundamental limitation of the RPA scheme. To solve this issue is very important to the experimental realization and exploitation of this new scheme. In our recent work, we have identified the key condition for efficient and stable ion RPA from thin foils by CP laser pulses, in particular, at currently available moderate laser intensities. That is, the ion beam should remain accompanied with enough co-moving electrons to preserve a local "bunching" electrostatic field during the acceleration. In the realistic LS RPA, the decompression of the co-moving electron layer leads to a change of local electrostatic field from a "bunching" to a "debunching" profile, resulting in premature termination of acceleration. One possible scheme to achieve stable RPA is using a multi-species foil. Two-dimensional PIC simulations show that 100 MeV/u monoenergetic C6+ and/or proton beams are produced by irradiation of a contaminated copper foil with CP lasers at intensities 5 × 1020W/cm2, achievable by current day lasers.


Background. The monocyte-to-lymphocyte (ML) ratio has been advocated as a biomarker in tuberculosis. Our objective was to evaluate its clinical role in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment outcome. Methods. Complete blood counts from an unselected population aged 16 to 65 years defined normal values of the ratio and associations with other indices. Blood counts, inflammatory markers and clinical parameters were measured in patients with and those screened for tuberculosis. We examined the ratio for its associations with these variables and for diagnosis, screening, prediction of poor prognosis and response to treatment. Results. In the unselected population, ML ratios were higher in males than females and correlated with neutrophil counts (Spearmans {rho}=0.48, P<0.00001, n=14,573). In 356 patients notified with tuberculosis, ratios were higher in males (high monocyte counts), especially in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (S+PTB), lung cavitation and raised inflammatory markers. The sensitivities for confirmed tuberculosis were 42% (males) and 32% (females), with specificities of 70% and 71% respectively. Using sex-specific cut-offs in 629 adults screened for tuberculosis and with a positive tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay, diagnostic sensitivities for active tuberculosis were better in males (25%; all and contacts of a S+PTB index, respectively) than females (14-17%) with specificities of 89-96%. Positive likelihood ratios were better with upper limits alone but were still poor (6.64 when screening for tuberculosis, with an area under the curve of 0.688). Ratios did not predict death or response to treatment. Ratios were especially higher in males than female ratios in the 16-45 years age group. Conclusions. Severe tuberculosis and male sex associated with high ML ratios. The ratio performed poorly as a clinical aid.


Sir, In pursuance of directions from the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty that I should make further inquiry into the phenomena of the tidal streams of the Channel, I commenced a systematic investigation of the whole feature of tidal-streams throughout the strait which separates England from the Continent, and I have now the satisfaction to lay before you for their Lordships' information the result of these labours. In order to prosecute this inquiry with as much advantage and as little delay as possible, I have combined with the information furnished by the vessel appropriated to this service as many observations from various authentic sources as were recommended by the known reputation of their authors.


THE position the Alcestis occupies with regard to other Greek dramas has caused much discussion as to its nature. I venture to suggest that it may be a relic of a folkdrama on the following grounds. The folkdrama in Greece, in Italy (Livy vii. 2), and probably also among the Teutonic races appears to have had a religious, or more probably magic, origin. In our own country one of these folk-dramas has taken the form of the Mummers' play of St. George, and there is strong evidence to show that an essentially similar rite or performance was at one time practised throughout the Teutonic world. The typical Mummers' play as it still survives consists in a meeting between two warriors, who in the prevalent versions are called St. George and the Turkish Knight, and a fight between them after a boastful challenge: one is killed in the encounter and a third party laments his death, and asks in almost the same words in every version


1. A method for producing cut labels with adhesive rear side, located on the cover, including: obtaining labelstock web material comprising facestock having a first side and a second side, an adhesive layer coated on a first side facing material and optionally a discharge coating on the exposed surface of the adhesive layer; ! if the coating is present feeding the web of label material to a separation section where by means of the separating device is separated from the coating facestock and adhesive layer; ! if the coating is absent or after separation of the coating from the facestock when it is present, the supply of outer material and a layer of adhesive in a cutting section, where they receive a plurality of cut labels with adhesive back side and their surrounding matrix, where the cutting station comprises a flexible rotary die and a roller bearing where the flexible rotary die comprises a stamp plate which is fixed to the mounting cylinder, and wherein prior to introduction into a cutting section, the adhesive is cooled, or quenched flexible mouth insulating rubber stamp, or simultaneously perform both of these operations, and produce cooling to a temperature sufficient to reduce adhesion of the adhesive to the die; ! if discharge coating is present, reapplication lamination previously removed detachable cover the cut labels with adhesive back side and an array or optionally applying lamination new detachable cover the cut labels with an adhesive back side. ! 2. The method of claim 1, wherein


[Rh(cod)Cl]2-catalysed hydrosilylation of hex-1-yne with Et3SiH in EtOH or DMF is highly selective for the formation of (Z)-vinylsilane, whereas [Rh(cod)Cl]2-PPh3 in MeCN or PrnCN is highly selective for the formation of (E)-vinylsilane; the active species for cis addition has been revealed to be RhI cationic complex generated in situ.


The uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) is employed for calculating the edge diffracted fields from the finite ground plane of a microstrip antenna. The source field from the radiating patch is calculated by two different methods: the slot theory and the modal expansion theory. Many numerical and measured results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the calculations and the finite ground plane edge effect.


The association of the [Ln(hfac)3(H2O)2] metallic building blocks with the new ligand [1,1'-binaphthalene]-8,8'-diylbis(diphenylphosphine oxide) (L) led to the formation of three mononuclear complexes of formula [Ln(hfac)3(L)] (LnIII = Eu (1), Dy (2) and Yb (3)). The mononuclear character of the compounds is due to the bidentate coordination mode adopted by L to link the metal. L allows the observation of the characteristic visible 5D0  7FJ (J = 0-4) EuIII- and near infrared 2F5/2  2F7/2 YbIII- emissions while 2 is only weakly emissive due to the mismatch between the energy positions of the triplet excited state of the ligand and DyIII emissive state. The magnetic data reveal a field-induced Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) behavior for 2 and 3 with an efficient suppression of the Quantum Tunneling of the Magnetization (QTM). The slow magnetic relaxation occurs through a Raman process while the Orbach contribution is discarded as confirmed by the correlation with the MJ states energy splitting provided by the luminescence spectrum of 3.


This article examines how old and new theological strains within nineteenth century Evangelicalism were adopted by British YMCAs to cater to the distinct wants and needs of their members in the decades immediately after their founding in 1844. YMCAs sought to address their members' lower middle class educational, fraternal, and overall masculine requirements through the careful adoption of agencies of intellectual development. These programmes intersected with both Evangelical theology and the earthly self-improving aspirations of young commercial men. Although scholarship has devoted most of its attention to the British YMCA's development of physical recreations in the nineteenth century, gymnasiums and athletic clubs did not become commonplace until the end of the century. Their acceptance within YMCA circles was facilitated by the success of these earlier YMCA programs that continued to provide opportunities for lower middle class masculine maturation until well into the twentieth century.


This study explores the types of principal mentoring/coaching programs delivered in Wyoming school districts, USA, and the areas of need perceived by principals at different levels of experience. Some formalized district principal mentorship programs existed in larger school districts but these mainly targeted beginning principals. Most of the mentorship that occurred was informal. Priority topics for mentoring and coaching beginning and experienced principals identified were, in the area of professional socialization, data driven decision‐making and instructional leadership, and in the area of organizational socialization, working with difficult faculty members and working with difficult parents.


ideological apparatus that operates behind their defense, even with respect to their current mode of presentation, as Maraldo suggests. The lack of genuine communication one can discern from reading the essays in the collection is a rather accurate representation of the situation in contemporary scholarship. This book therefore not only helps to understand the content of the debate surrounding the Kyoto School but also to get a glimpse of the scholarly context. Rude Awakenings is definitely an indispensable volume for anyone interested in the question of nationalism in modern Japan. —Yoko Arisaka


The number of microorganisms that inhabit human body- normal human flora- is estimated to be 38 trillion and equal to the number of human cells. Historically , the human flora have been viewed as friendly immigrant microbes that enhance immunity against pathogens and in general promote better health for humans. This reviewinvestigates the origin of human flora for it may have important implications to combat opportunistic infections. Of importance, the breast milk and tissue bacteria have been demonstrated not to be contaminants from skin. The unique composition of the bacterial communities in breast milk being different from bacteria from other body parts ,makes it less likely that they were translocated from gut or oral cavity, suggesting either bacteremia or transformation from organic matter as the possible pathways of origin. The documented endogenous origin of the bacteria in breast milk and tissue, the presence of microorganisms in several anatomically well insulated human organs along with the data consistent with the possible endogenous origin of Malassezia and H.Pylori , two species of the normal human flora. suggest at least some of the 38 trillion bacteria inhabiting the human body may not be foreign immigrants .The origin of normal human floraand the precise mechanisms and pathways of origin remains unknown yet the evidence is consistent with an endogenous origin., Further experimental validation of these observations are necessary. A more complete understanding of the human flora may be of help for intelligentstrategies for preventing, diagnosing and treating opportunistic infections.


E-learning generally presented the same learning material because it considered the characteristics of all users to be homogeneous. In fact, every student had different characteristics in the learning process. The objectives of this study were: (1) To produce a simulation content and digital communication based on  Dynamic Intellectual Learning with Visual Modality for the tenth grade at SMK Negeri 1 Seririt, (2) To find out the teacher's response and the tenth grade students at SMK Negeri 1 Seririt on Simulation Content and Digital Communication based on DIL with Visual Modality that had been generated. The method of this study was a research and development referred to the plomp model. The subjects of this study were the tenth grade of accounting program at SMK Negeri 1 Seririt in the academic year 2017/2018. There were various try out had been carried out, namely: validity testing by experts and effectiveness testing by using the Hake formula. The results showed that the simulation content and digital communication based on DIL with Visual Modality was valid and practically use: the effectiveness testing produced N-gain of 0.74 included in the effective category and the data analysis of the teacher and the students respond showed that it was categorized in the positive category. It showed that the output was valid, practical and effective to be used.


In this paper we studied the various renewable energy resources & which will be used for the development of electricity. The main source of energy is solar energy, wind energy, hydro energy. This paper provides a review on the hybrid power generation i.e. combination of two or more energy sources. The hybrid power generation systems will in turn be used for charging the batteries. The Hybrid (Wind / hydro / solar) system is more economical, environmental friendly. The power generation capacity of hybrid system is more than the power generation capacity of the individual system. The results showing the power output of individual system and hybridized system obtained from Metrological Station for the period of five years 2010-2015 is used for comparison between the different hybrid systems.


In regard to the fact that the information resources of colleges' libraries fail to be fully utilized,the paper presents that rational human resources distribution is the key of utility of library information.If the integration of human resources is based on the condition that print resources and electronics resources are also available,the utility rate of library resources will be greatly increased.The author shows the view about the necessity of human resources integration and integration method.This will be helpful to improve management for library.


Thank you for downloading linux socket programming. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this linux socket programming, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious virus inside their computer. linux socket programming is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the linux socket programming is universally compatible with any devices to read.


This paper proposes a new approach for an on-line induction machine monitoring scheme tailored for variable speed drives. As the application of the commonly employed spectrum analysis techniques is complicated by the inverter drives inherent frequency variation, the Vienna Monitoring Method avoids any frequency analysis and observes instead the machine state with the help of on-line models. The key for the fault detection is thereby the comparison of the estimated machine states out of two independent machine models with different model structures. While the models respond identically to the regular machine operation they diverge in case of a structural machine asymmetry. Experimental results from an IGBT drive show that a single rotor bar resistance change can be detected unequivocally. The method is thus sensitive enough to detect an upcoming fault in a very early state. As the extent of the cage asymmetry is estimated too, maintenance or repair can be conveniently scheduled on time.


Children as young as 3 are strong enough to fire many handguns, according to a study in the December 1995 Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine. Children9s trigger-pull strength, using both index fingers, was compared to their mothers9 strength, using one index finger, to see if differences might be great enough to keep children from firing handguns. Data were collected on index-finger strength (in gun-firing position) of 556 children, ages 3 to 10, and their mothers, ages 18 to 47, who visited four Chicago area pediatric practices for well-child care.


Guofeng's loving-porms are collected and appeared from both Zhengfeng and Chenfeng.Zhengfeng 's loving-poems show natural beauty ,and Chenfeng's , mysterious beauty.The different beautiful styles originate from the differences of their societies and cultures.


This article deals with the enactment proposal of sea waybill. The paper explains and explores the use of bill of lading and sea waybill. In a variety of trades there is no need for a negotiable bill of lading where goods are being sold to a consignee who does not wish to resell the goods, or where in-house transfers take place within large multinational companies. Further, delays are often caused by bills of lading being unavailable in the port of discharge. Carriers have responded to the problems caused by the bill of lading by issuing sea waybills. Firstly, the paper deals with general description and kinds of the sea waybill and enactment examples of several bodies including GCBS Common Short Form Sea Waybill, Non-negotiable FIATA multimodal transport waybill and CMI Uniform Rules for Sea Waybill. The CMI produced in 1990 its Uniform Rules for Sea Waybills. These Uniform Rules are not in the form of a Convention and, to be applicable, would have to be incorporated into many of the modem waybills. The Uniform Rules deal with issues such an agency, rights and responsibilities of the carrier, the respective rights of control over the goods and their delivery as between shipper and consignee. the paper accepted main ideas of the Uniform Rules of CMI to make proposal of the Sea Waybill. Secondly, the paper suggest enactment proposal of Sea Waybill as follows. 1. Definitions of Sea Waybill( article 820-2) 2. Issue of Sea Waybill( article 820-3) 3. Description of the Goods on Sea Waybill(article 820-4) 4. Regal effects of description of the Goods(article 820-5) 5. Delivery of the Goods(article 820-6) 6. Right of Control(article 820-7) 7. Other Issues Finally, the paper suggests that it need to be enact the provision of Sea waybill in Part Ⅴ ( Maritime Law) of Commercial Act.


ABSTRACT Too often, scholars have followed the analysis of reforming clerics in assessing the second marriage of King Philip I of Francia (1060–1108). Thus the union is termed 'adulterous' or 'bigamous', and the action a mark of decline upon his reign. But a sensitive reassessment of Philip I's actions in the early 1090s, positioned within the complicated politics of Maine, Anjou and Normandy allows us to see things a little differently. This essay therefore reconsiders the marriage of Philip I and Bertrada of Montfort in 1092 and the deft power politics that Philip played in order to increase his standing, particularly as he began to pivot and focus his attention to the south-west. In the end, this marriage expanded his power outside the Île-de-France and left the Capetians strengthened as they entered the twelfth century.


The procedure to determine manufacturing tolerances for the laminar airfoil is explained using the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) analysis. This procedure is applied to a laminar airfoil for the tolerance of the forward-facing step and rearward-facing step. In the CFD analysis the Langtry-Menter SST Transition model is used to simulate a natural transition over the laminar airfoil. The computed tolerances showed good agreement with experimental data.Copyright © 2015 by KSME


The fraction inhibiting ATP-dependent DNAase and some other enzyme activities was found in B. subtilis cell extracts. Two methods of its isolation were elaborated. It is established that the inhibiting activity fraction represents a set of some positively charged thermostable proteins of low molecular weight (M 9000--25 000). The inhibiting effect of the proteins in question may be attributed to their ability to form a complex with DNA. The complex is formed in low ionic strength conditions. The elevation of NaCl concentration to 0,3 M removes some proteins from the complex and causes the complete loss of inhibiting activity. At 0,5 M NaCl DNA-protein complex is completely dissociated. The discovered proteins seems to be localized in DNA-membrane cell fraction. It is supposed that these proteins (or some of them) are the structural ones of the bacterial nucleoid.


Following the discovery of mycobacterium tuberculosis by Robert Koch in 1882, several other mycobacteria were identified as well. However, they were not recognized as causing disease in humans until the 1980s. Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous in the environment. They are responsible for opportunistic infections that affect not only the immunocompromised host but also an immunocompetent individual. The incidence of the disease from NTM has been gradually increasing worldwide, becoming, in recent years, an emerging public health problem. [1] [2] [3] In 2007, the American Thoracic Society [ATS] published a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacteria. [4] This was chiefly due to previous controversial experts' opinions on how to establish the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Therefore, current guidelines continue to be based on both experts' opinions, and some new guidelines; but no universal recommendations exist. With new medical advances based on molecular microbiology, the diagnosis of most NTM is not only more precise but much faster than before. In this activity, we provide an in-depth look at how NTM present, the clinical features and methods to make a rapid diagnosis and identification of NTM. An interprofessional team approach based on the most up-to-date literature on the topic is vital if one wants to improve outcomes.


Dr Anthony Britten was the head of the blood programme of the League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies from 1985 to 1989 and vice chairman of the World Federation of Haemophilia. He was actively involved with Vox Sanguinis as Section Editor from 1986 to 1994 and as a very good friend of members of the Editorial Board and Foundation Vox Sanguinis. He worked ceaselessly to promote medical services for people with haemophilia, especially in developing countries where safe blood programmes did not exist. He was uniquely able to understand the medical, emotional and social needs of this population as he was born in South Africa with severe haemophilia A, at a time when almost all boys born with bleeding disorders died before they reached maturity. (Two of his uncles died in childhood.) Apart from some happy years spent at a sympathetic prep school, The Ridge, he was educated by family and tutors, for no senior school would accept the risk that such a life-threatening condition posed.


Methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations were measured in peat and peat porewater of pristine wetlands and an impounded riparian wetland at the Experimental Lakes Area in northwestern Ontario, Canada. In pristine wetlands, MeHg concentrations in peat ranged from 0.1 to 60 ng·g-1 and in peat porewater from 0.02 (the detection limit) to 7.3 ng·L-1, with higher concentrations in wetlands that received upland runoff. Impoundment increased the average MeHg concentration in the near-surface peat porewater from 0.2 to 1.0 ng·L-1. As the increase was most dramatic near the peat - surface water interface, we suggest that the elevated MeHg concentrations resulted from an increase in net MeHg production associated with the decomposition of inundated vegetation. Impoundment increases the area of potential Hg methylation by imposing anoxia over the entire wetland surface and by facilitating the exchange of nutrients and MeHg between the peat surface and the surface water. No clear chemical control on MeHg concentration wa...


From the wepartment of Biological Chemistry and the §Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, ICOR Therapeutics, South Sun Francisco, California 94080, and the lvnstitute for Genetic Medicine and Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033


Thermosonic flip-chip bonding (TFCB) is an advanced integrated circuit package technology for area-array connections. The dynamic finite element (FE) analysis model was established for the TFCB process to explore dynamic stress and strain for the microstructure of the Cu/low-K wafer. Based on this model, the stress and strain evolution process was obtained for the wafer microstructure. From the analysis result, we found that the maximum von Mises stress distributions are mostly concentrated on the copper via areas, and the von Mises stress of the metal layer is always greater than that of the low-k layer. Based on the FE model analysis, the effect study of the process parameters were thus carried out, which included the effects by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude and the number of copper via. According to the results of modeling simulation, the parameter effects on stress and strain distribution were achieved. This study was useful for the parameter setting of the TFCB process and for optimizing the microstructure design of Cu/low-k Wafer.


Background: Monotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade for most gliomas does not seem to induce durable antitumor responses, which drive us to explore potential immunological targets in glioma. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM1) has been reported to be associated with immune-related inflammatory disorders. However, to date, there has rarely been studied in glioma.Methods: The data included clinicopathological characteristics and transcriptome data of patients with glioma obtained from publicly available genomic databases. Bioinformatics methods were employed to identify TREM1 expression pattern, prognostic value, biological function, and immune characteristics by R language, SPSS 19 and GraphPad Prism 8 softwareResults: In this study, it was observed that TERM1 expression was increased significantly in GBM compared with other types and was associated with poor outcome. Increased TREM1 accompanied distinct mutation and amplification of driver oncogenes. Moreover, gene ontology and KEGG analyses showed that TREM1 may play a role in the immunobiology of gliomas. TREM1 may participate in the immunosuppressive microenvironment by inhibiting T cell antitumor immunity functions. Additionally, through correlation analysis, TREM1 was found to be tightly correlated with immune checkpoint molecules.Conclusion: TREM1 may be a novel and attractive immune target and may provide new avenues to overcome the low response rate of glioma patients to current immunotherapies.


This research has been made to indicate the rations of usage of students in primary
education and to observe whether students' drawing paintings in stereotype way
decreases with the given knowledge to students. It also examines whether it
eliminates making stereotype painting with detailed knowledge. This research aims
to determine whether the given knowledge contributes to the students or not.
The research is limited to the students of 7th grade who was chosen in Primary
School of Kamile Gurkan, Primary School of Nazmi Toker and Primary School of
Zubeyde Hanim chosen in the city of Isparta.
Single-subject research design, one group pretest-posttest was used in the
research. The data collection tools of the research is based on the test subjects'
pictures made before and after the informing and the review of literature related to
the department.
The data obtained from the data collection tools has been evaluated with the
program "SPSS 15.0 for Windows'' in the computer media. According to the data
collected from the research, there has been a statistically significant difference
between the scores of the research model with the single test subject and the
scores of the one group pretest-posttest.


Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) once neglected as minor forest produce, now have gained significant importance due to its income and employment potential. The social and economic dependence on NTFPs by the local communities (including tribes) living in and around the Wildlife Sanctuaries (WLSs) has led to depletion of the resources mainly because of the difference in the harvesting and regeneration rates. Approximately 62 per cent of the NTFPs are collected (from the study area) mainly for their roots, stem, bark and the whole plant, which could lead to destruction of the species itself if sustainability is not borne in mind. This could lead to the depletion of these resources. 60 per cent of the variation in the income from NTFPs was found to be directly related to the distance travelled for collection. The depletion of certain NTFPs increased the cost of their collection and thereby led to the economic extinction of those NTFPs even before their actual botanical extinction. There are several intra and inter sectoral factors contributing to the economic extinction. Although 83 commercially important NTFP items are available in the study area only 28 items are collected on a regular basis indicating the economic extinction of remaining products. This had significant impacts on the dependency and income levels of forager households.


Interestingly, Erwin Schrodinger's seminal paper "What is Life?" came out in 1944, almost contemporaneously with the creation of information theory in 1948. Unbeknownst to most


Electron transport coefficients and vibrational excitation rates have been calculated for gas mixtures appropriate for electrically excited CO. lasers. The basis of the calculations is a detailed numerical solution of the Boltzmann transport equation which incorporates experimentally determined cross sections for the most important inelastic electron collision processes in the gas. The effects of elastic and superelastic collisions and charged particle interactions have also been Included in the formalism. Graphical presentations of electron drift velocity, average energy, characteristic enerpy, and vibrational excitation rates in a range 10 *•" < E/N < 5 x 10~16 Vcm2 are obtained for nine CO2~N2-He gas mixtures. The excitation rates are also presented in a form normalized to average electron energy. Using this nornalization, the electron excitation rates for the three vibrational nodes in CO2 are found to be independent of gas mixture within a 2U% approximation. The dominant effect of gas mixture on electron kinetic processes is to modify the vibrational excitation rate in the nitro- gen. The implication of these results to the basic kinetics of the COj laser is discussed.


Several Southwestern archaeologists who have seen the mat pictured in Figure 136 consider it unusual enough to merit description in print, despite a scarcity of information about its provenience and associations. The mat has catalog number 943/7 in the collections of the Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum at Canyon, Texas. It was donated to the Museum by Henry Crain of Canyon in 1942. Mr. Crain informs me that he found the mat in a multiroomed cave about 1/2 mile above the mouth of Mule Creek, a tributary of the San Francisco River in the Mogollon Range of southwestern New Mexico, not far from Clifton, Arizona. He and several hunting companions removed the mat and other archaeological materials from the cave in 1899, when he was ranching in the Mogollon region. Other items included 2 small brown pottery bowls, 2 wooden bows 4 or 5 feet long, and a number of obsidian-tipped arrows.


Objective:To approach the impact of Valsartan in combination with Interferon on the chronic hepatitis B patients AT-Ⅱ,TGF-β1 and histopathology.Methods:The pathology confirmed 50 cases of chronic hepatitis B were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,each group had 25 patients.Both groups used the common standard interferon,treatment group was treated with Valsartan for 80 mg/d,detected the level of AT-Ⅱ and TGF-β1 before treatment and 48 weeks after treatment,reviewed liver histopathology 15 cases and 13 cases of two groups at the end of 24 weeks treatment.Results:After treatment with Valsartan,AT-Ⅱ was higher than that before treatment,and TGF-β1 was lower than that before treatment,the differences were significant(P0.05).Two serum indexes were relevant to the degree of liver fibrosis,similarly there were significant differences(P0.05).The TGF-β1 expression of two groups both had decreased after treatment(P0.05),while the treatment group decreased more significantly(P0.05),the difference was significant;the liver inflammation and fibrosis score of two groups both had improved(P0.05),the difference was significant in the treatment group,and had more significantly fewer adverse reactions(P0.05).Conclusion:Valsartan in combination with Interferon can more effectively improve the performance of patients with histology,and reduce adverse reactions.


This paper considers the problem of positive quadratic stabilization of uncertain linear system by state feedback. First, we provide preliminary results on quadratic stabilization and formulate it in terms of LMI for a specific uncertainty structure imposed on the system. This step is accomplished by taking advantage of the Bounded Real Lemma (BRL). Next, we use the stability properties of the class of positive continuous-time system in order to formulate a constrained stabilization problem for general systems using state feedback. The Metzlerian stabilization can also be performed using LMI. Finally, we tie the LMI associated with quadratic stabilization and the LMI associated with Metzlerian stabilization to provide a complete solution to positive quadratic stabilization. We also outline the procedure of generalizing our approach for the delay case. A numerical example is included to support the theoretical results.


The 17-4PH alloy is a martensitic stainless steel with 3–5 wt% Cu, strengthened by the precipitation hardening. Owing excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, this alloy has unique applications in nuclear power plants and marine constructions. Nevertheless, producing of this alloy is remarkebly expensive and in the presence of any defects, replacement is costly. Consequently, repair welding is a frequent approach to reduce both shutdown periods and the replacement costs. In this paper, corrosion behavior among individual parts of a 17-4PH repair welded in 3.5% NaCl by various DC electrochemical measurements and microscopical examination were studied. Also, the influence of three PWHT, solution annealing followed by ageing at 480, 550 and 620 °C on corrosion resistance was investigated. Potentiodynamic polarisation measurement in as-weld specimen revealed a lower passive current density and a higher pitting potential in the weld region, while the HAZ showed the highest passive current density and the lowest pitting potential. Galvanic coupling using a zero resistance ammeter also showed that the weld metal/HAZ couple with the HAZ acting as the anode and weld metal as the cathode has the highest risk of galvanic corrosion among the three individual galvanic couples. By applying PWHT's HAZ was disappeared and improve the passivity of weld region by increasing the pitting potential. ZRA measurement showed that PWHT's improve the galvanic corrosion resistance by decreasing the galvanic current density to a few to tenths of nA/cm. Ageing at 620 °C has a highest risk of galvanic corrosion among the three PWHT's.


This paper addresses short-term load forecasting using machine learning and neural network techniques. Neural networks, though accurate in weekday load forecasting, are poor at forecasting maximum daily load, weekend and holiday loads. This necessitates development of a robust forecasting technique to complement the neural networks for enhanced reliability of forecast and improved overall accuracy. The statistical decision tree method produces robust forecasts and human intelligible rules. These rules provide understanding of factors driving load demand. Decision trees when combined with neural network forecasts, produce robust and accurate forecasts. Simulations are performed on a service area susceptible to large and sudden changes in weather and load. Forecasts obtained by the proposed method are accurate under diverse conditions.<<ETX>>


Based on charge-discharge cycle tests for commercial nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, a nonlinear relationship is found between the discharging capacity ( C discharge , Ah) and the voltage changes in 1 s occurring at the start of the charging process (Δ V charge , mV). This nonlinear relationship between C discharge and Δ V charge is described with a curve equation, which can be determined using a nonlinear least-squares method. Based on the curve equation, a curve model for the state-of-health (SOH) prediction is constructed without battery models and cycle numbers. The validity of the curve model is verified using ( C discharge , Δ V charge ) data groups obtained from the charge-discharge cycle tests at different rates. The results indicate that the curve model can be effectively applied to predict the SOH of the Ni-MH batteries and the best prediction root-mean-square error (RMSE) can reach upto 1.2%. Further research is needed to confirm the application of this empirical curve model in practical fields.


Acetarsone (acetyl-amino-hydroxy-phenyl arsonic acid) was synthesized in 1921 by Tréufouel and Fourneau 1 after having been prepared earlier by Ehrlich. 2 Levaditi 3 noted the drug was toxic for rabbits in doses of 0.66 gm. per kilo on oral administration, and that it was tolerated in doses of 0.3 to 0.4 gm. per kilo. Since then the drug has been recommended for syphilis, amebiasis, and other protozoan infestations. Conflicting reports have appeared on its therapeutic efficiency and toxicity. Pool, 4 Worms, 5 and Kolle 6 found this compound more toxic than Levaditi originally reported, causing death in rabbits when 0.2 to 0.3 gm. per kilo were given by mouth. Levaditi and Poole worked on material synthesized by Fourneau. We attempted to find the minimal lethal dose on oral administration to cats and rabbits of the commercially available product, and have also studied the toxicity of its calcium and sodium salts. 7 The material was powdered and administered in gelatin capsules washed down with water. It was necessary to anesthetize the cats for this procedure. All animals were kept in individual cages, under identical conditions of diet and hygiene, and were observed for at least 30 days following the administration unless death intervened. Those animals dying within the observation period were subjected to post-mortem examination and sections of the principal organs were taken for histological study. Untreated animals were maintained in the laboratory under similar conditions as controls. Table I shows the results of this study on 35 cats and 56 rabbits. The determination of the minimal lethal dose on oral administration is difficult because of the uncertainty of absorption. The range of toxicity of these compounds indicated by our figures seems reliable except in the case of calcium acetarsone in rabbits.


In this paper, property research of silk fibroin nanofibers by electrospinning dissolved in CaCl2-Formid Acid was discussed. The dissolve process, morphology, structure and mechanical properties of fibers were studied. It showed that more dissolution time was needed to dissolve silk with 1% CaCl2. The diameters of silk fibroin nanofibers decreased with the CaCl2 contents increased and the surface of 6%5% fibers was more uniform and smooth. After ethanol treatment, strong peak at 1628cm-1, 1517cm-1 and 1231cm-1 was corresponding to β-sheet. It was important to discover that silk fibroin was weakly destroyed in CaCl2-FA solvent system, and the regenerated silk fibroin nanofibers had better mechanical properties. The stress of 6%5% fibers was nearly 3 times to traditional way. With different content of CaCl2, the stress of 6%5% fibers was nearly 2 times to 6%1% fibers.


GABROVSKA D., PAULICKOVA I., MASKOVA E., FIEDLEROV A V., KOCUROV A K., PRŮCHOVA J., STROHALM J., HOUSKA M. (2005): Changes in selected vitamins, microorganism counts, and sensory quality during storage of pressurised sprouted seed of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Czech. J. Food Sci., 23: 246–250. The aim of this study was to examine the changes of nutritional and sensory quality of sprouted alfalfa seed treated by high pressure, that take place during storage. Along with this, microbiological safety was also observed. Sprouted alfalfa seed in citric acid pickle, packed in transparent laminated bags PA/PE 80, was treated with 500 MPa high pres sure for 10 minutes. The processed seed in bags was stored in a refrigerator for 21 days. The bags were sampled in regular intervals to perform analyses. The changes in the contents of vitamin C, riboflavin, niacin, and pantothenic acid were observed during storage. The same samples were also checked for microbiological safety and sensory quality. Vitamin C showed a significant decrease during storage. The content of vitamin C fell markedly after high pressure treatment (by 77%) and further decreased by 10–20% during storage. The values of riboflavin content did not change very much as a consequence of pressurisation or the storage period. The contents of niacin and pantothenic acid kept decreasing until the 3 rd day of storage by some 60% in total and then remained unchanged. Sensory descriptors indicated quality decrease. High pressure treatment damaged the tissues of sprouted alfalfa seed which subsequently manifested itself particularly in the deterioration of appearance and texture quality. An additional overall impairment of the seed appearance and texture occurred during its storage. Microbiological safety of sprouted alfalfa seed was preserved throughout the storage time.


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Figure. Ice Sculpture. Canadian photographer Michael Moon, diagnosed with autism, feels that his autism enhances his sensory experiences. He notes that his photographs show society there are "other ways of being in and seeing the world" and that his autism "just gives me a


Foss (2012) provides an informed and informative comment on my article 'Trust, Personal Moral Codes, and the Resource-Advantage Theory of Competition: Explaining Productivity, Economic Growth, and Wealth Creation' (Hunt, 2012). In general, his comment is highly supportive of both the theory and the arguments developed in my article. He does, however, raise certain issues that need to be addressed. These issues relate to the concept of total factor productivity, the role of institutions in promoting economic growth, and the importance of understanding how transaction costs impact entrepreneurship and economic growth. This reply focuses on his discussion of growth economics and endogenous economic growth models.


Responses of isolated perfused rat liver to leukotriene C4 were studied in order to assess the mechanisms involved in leukotriene‐mediated liver injury. Infusion of leukotriene C4 (11 and 44 pmoles per min per gm liver weight) into the portal vein resulted in a rise in portal pressure, a decrease in oxygen consumption, an increase in hepatic glucose and lactate efflux and lactate/pyruvate ratio in the perfusate and a small decrease in bile flow. Isoproterenol (1 μM) counteracted the effects of leukotriene C4 on respiration and portal pressure, whereas bile flow and glucose efflux were reversibly stimulated. The same changes were observed upon with‐drawal of leukotriene C4. The release of glucose was correlated with the increase in oxygen consumption upon both isoproterenol addition and withdrawal of leukotriene C4. These results are indicative of leukotriene C4‐induced microcirculatory redistribution of perfusate flow. Since, in the presence of nitroprusside (50 μM), both the effects of leukotriene C4 and their reversal by isoproterenol were diminished, a vascular site of action can be assumed. Accordingly, the accompanying metabolic responses can be explained by gradual changes in oxygen supply to parts of the liver. Reversibility of the leukotriene C4 effects and lack of short‐term impairment of viability of the isolated liver suggest that leukotriene‐mediated liver injury is a long‐term effect related to events subsequent to microcirculatory changes.


Oral presentation given at the 13th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids (DSL2017), whose topic consists of Mass Transfer, Heat Transfer, Microstructure & Properties, Nanodiffusion & Nanostructured Materials, Alternative Energy. This conference was held in Vienna (Austria) on June 26-30th, 2017.


The etch behavior of pure aluminum and aluminum copper (AlCu) alloy layers was studied in hot deionized water and in acidic solutions. For both materials, the etch rate is not constant in time. It was found that two dissolution mechanisms are responsible for metal corrosion. For pure Al, depending on temperature, it is controlled by dissolution rate of aluminum oxide and, because the solution saturates with aluminum salts, the etch rate decreases in time. For AlCu alloy the corrosion is oxidation limited. The surface concentration of Cu determines the cathodic corrosion current and, thus, the corrosion rate. During the etch process the surface concentration of copper increases and the etch rate goes up.


By using the analogus coefficient critical value of 08:00 500 hPa temperature and pressure field and 700 hPa temperature field, spring regional short\|range weather forecast model of hailfall in Guizhou is established, the prediction model is established with 427 hailfall days and 484 non\|hailfall days, it is determined monthly analogus prediction index, consequently they have very largely statistical reliability. Prediction model acuracy for sample period is 66%. The forecasting results in 1999 and 2001 indicate that this method is efficient.


The rate of nonadiabatic long-distance electron transfer (ET) is derived for the direct and superexchange electronic coupling between the donor and acceptor. The model takes into account a non-Condon thermal modulation of the electronic coupling through the interaction of the system transition dipoles with the polarization fluctuations of the solvent. Going from a linear donor–bridge–acceptor complexes to a bent, V-shaped geometry lowers the system symmetry resulting in several novel properties of the ET matrix element based on the fact that permanent and transition dipoles in the system are not polarized along the direction of ET. The effective ET matrix element HET gains two zeros as a function of the donor–acceptor vertical energy gap. The positions of zeros of HET depend on the sign relations between the donor–bridge and bridge–acceptor electronic couplings and corresponding transition dipoles. The ET matrix element becomes dependent on solvent through the solvent refractive index and the inhomogeneou...


Background. Gliomas of the hypothalamus and optic pathways (H/OPG) comprise 5% of pediatric intracranial tumors, present most frequently in patients younger than age 5 years, and may have a more aggressive course in younger children. This study examined clinical characteristics and consequences of treatment of young children diagnosed with H/OPG.


Digitalization of agriculture is often hailed as the next agricultural revolution. However, little is yet known about its social impacts and power effects. This review addresses this research gap by analyzing patterns of inequality linked to the development and adoption of digital technologies in agriculture and reviewing the strategies developed to reduce these inequalities and challenge the power relations in which they are embedded. Analysis of 84 publications found through a systematic literature review identified five patterns of inequality: (1) in digital technology development; (2) in the distribution of benefits from the use of digital technologies; (3) in sovereignty over data, hardware and digital infrastructure; (4) in skills and knowledge ('digital literacy'); and (5) in problem definition and problem-solving capacities. This review also highlights the existence of emancipatory initiatives that are applying digital technologies to challenge existing inequalities and to advance alternative visions of agriculture. These initiatives underscore the political nature of digital agriculture; however, their reach is still quite limited. This is partly due to the fact that existing inequalities are structural and represent expressions of corporate power. From such a perspective, digitalization in agriculture is not a 'revolution' per se; rather, digital technologies mirror and reproduce existing power relations.


The amphibian fauna from central western Mexico has not been studied thoroughly. Particularly for the state of Jalisco, until 1994 the majority of herpetofauna checklists were made on seasonally tropical dry forest at the Pacific coast. Recently, the herpetofauna checklists for some natural protected areas and surroundings of central and northeastern localities of Jalisco were reported. Sierra de Quila is a natural protected area located in central Jalisco, and these results are part of the first formal study for this area. During 15 months, from January 2009 to September 2010, we surveyed amphibians on an altitudinal gradient including all vegetation types: cloud forest, pine-oak forest, oak forest, riparian forest and tropical deciduous forest. We registered 11 noteworthy range extensions for amphibians within Jalisco and into the Sierra de Quila.


PURPOSE: A door locking apparatus for an elevator is provided to prevent locking of the door from wrong operation, to cut down expenses with simple structure, and to apply the locking apparatus to various elevators by modifying the design easily. CONSTITUTION: A door locking device for an elevator is composed of an actuating roller(80) combined with the upper part of a moving cam; a lifting bracket(90) having plural fitting holes combined with the moving cam; a supporting bracket(100) restricting opening of the door by a wedge inserted to the fitting hole of the lifting bracket; a pressure member(110) installed in the supporting bracket, and contacted to the actuating roller in lifting the moving cam to apply pressure; and an elastic member(120) installed in the lower part of the pressure member and the supporting bracket, and contracted and expanded by pressure of the actuating roller. The installation space is reduced, and the door is locked in the abnormal position.


Depression leads to a high suicide rate and a high death rate. But the disease can be cured if recognized in time. At present, there are only a few low-precision methods for recognizing mental health or mental disorder. Therefore, this paper attempts to recognize elderly depression by extracting facial micro-expressions. Firstly, a micro-expression recognition model was constructed for elderly depression recognition. Then, a jump connection structure and a feature fusion module were introduced to VGG-16 model, realizing the extraction and classification of micro-expression features. After that, a quantitative evaluation approach was proposed for micro-expressions based on the features of action units, which improves the recognition accuracy of elderly depression expressions. Finally, the advanced features related to the dynamic change rate of depression micro-expressions were constructed, and subjected to empirical modal decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert analysis. The effectiveness of our algorithm was proved through experiments.


Energy efficiency is of prime focus in the design and development of any power conversion system. The value of power factor at the input, affects the efficiency. It is a known fact that most common non-linear loads (such as a rectifier) result in low power factor operation at the ac (alternating current) input due to the presence of harmonics. Low power factor causes power losses, equipment failure, and higher operating costs. This paper presents a conceptual design for improving the power factor by active filtering using a boost converter connected between the rectifier and the load. Digital current mode control of operation of the boost converter is designed implemented and experimentally tested using a hardware set-up with Piccolo F28027 micro controller Simulations are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink. The control strategy is implemented on the Micro controller through the MATLAB IDE environment for code generation. The simulation results are verified with that obtained experimentally.


Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 5-10% females of reproductive age worldwide. Recent research shows that this syndrome is associated with psychological upset and devastating effects on women′s mental health and wellbeing. Lack of clinicians′ awareness of adverse psychological effects is a major concern in developing countries to provide standard care and to improve overall health outcomes. Purpose of study was to determine the frequency of anxiety and depression among women with PCOS in order to promote awareness among clinicians about psychological complications of disease. Methods: Present study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology/ University Medical and Dental College, from October 2018 to March 2019. Sixty patients with diagnosis of PCOD and sixty participants without this disease were included in the study. Participants having other endocrine or metabolic disorders were excluded from study. Hospital anxiety and depression scale was used to detect anxiety and depression among both groups. SPSS version 16 was used for data analysis. Chisquare test was applied to compare prevalence of anxiety and depression in both groups, p-value ˂0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Women having PCOD exhibited statistically significant prevalence of anxiety (78.3% vs 35%) and depression (60% vs 30%) with P value of 0.0001 and 0.001 respectively. Conclusions: It is highly recommended that initial evaluation of these patients should include assessment of psychological domain of disease to provide more comprehensive treatment to improve overall health related quality of life.


In recent years, speech-recognition technology progresses dramatically, and it has already been used for word processors etc. If this speech-recognition technology is used for operation of an electric wheelchair, an electric wheelchair is thought to be a useful vehicle for a physically handicapped person who has a trouble especially in hand. However, continuous operation cannot easily be performed by voice instructions, so operativity is not good. In this research, in order to solve this problem, automatic operation by visual feed back control was proposed, and we improved operativity of voice controlled vehicles.


Abstract The NHL has realigned its conferences and divisions, and starting with the 2013–2014 season the Eastern Conference features 16 teams and the Western Conference features 14. Yet because there are eight playoff spots available in both conferences, teams in the West have a 57% probability of making the playoffs, compared to just 50% for teams in the East. As a result we should expect that, on average, the last team to make the playoffs in the West will have a worse record than the last playoff team in the East. We call the difference in points earned by the 8th seed in each conference the "conference gap." The purpose of this paper is to estimate the expected size of the conference gap under the new alignment. Using tens of thousands of simulated seasons, we demonstrate that the conference gap will be, on average, 2.74 points, meaning that Eastern Conference teams hoping to make the playoffs will have to win 1–2 games more than Western Conference playoff-hopefuls. We also show the 9th place team in the Eastern Conference has a better record than the 8th place Western team twice as often as the 9th best Western team has a better record than the East's 8th best. Our findings inform questions about competitive balance and equity in the NHL.


On the basis of core observation,the authors studied the features and genesis of freshwater limestone by acoustic emission technology,stable isotopic analysis,fluid inclusion homogenization temperature of filled components in fractures.The results show that the main fractures of the freshwater limestone reservoir are of three types: vertical fissures,high-angle fissures,and oblique fissures.The tectoclase and non-tectoclase constitute two main fissure types.The complex fracture can be formed by tectoclase overlying diagenetic fractures.Some fissures are completely or partly filled with calcite,whereas others are effective fractures without fillings.The development and evolution of fractures have been affected considerably by three different tectonic stress fields.The tectoclase has exerted important contribution to improving porosity and permeability of the reservoir.


The paper presents results of an investigation of critical magnetic fields of gallium films freshly condensed on a substrate cooled to the temperature of liquid helium and also annealed to 60/sup 0/K. The thickness of the film is approx.150 A. It is found that the transverse critical magnetic field in freshly condensed films is approx.10/sup 5/ Oe for T/sub K/approx.8.3 /sup 0/K, i.e., H/sub K/1(O) approx.1.2 x 10/sup 4/ T/sub K/. The function H/sub K/perpendicular(T) deviates considerably from a linear law; this is probably connected with the multiphase nature of the gallium films. The values of the critical magnetic field after annealing to 60 /sup 0/K are slightly reduced, and the superconducting transition curve in this case is more smeared.


A fuzzy-PID control system for constant liquid level is designed in this paper,in which S7-200PLC from Siemens is adopted to control the liquid level.The parameters of PID-controller such as Kp、Ki、Kd are set online by building the fuzzy tuning rules and completing fuzzy reasoning.PLC receives the signals from liquid level sensors as feedback.The simulation and tests show the fuzzy-PID controller can make the liquid level control system have better control performances than single PID control system,such as faster response time,smaller overshoot and shorter time to reach steady state and improved system performances can be achieved.