The following case is an interesting one because of the position of the sigmoid and the failure of the usual rule for finding the appendix, that of following the longitudinal muscular band of the presenting large intestine to its pelvic end: Patient. —J. A., aged 35, a lather by trade, was referred to me by a physician in a neighboring town with a diagnosis of appendicitis. The history was the usual one of an acute attack in mild form lasting four days with no improvement. Examination showed tenderness over McBurney's point with muscular rigidity; temperature was normal and pulse 85. Operation. —In operating, the gridiron incision was used and the large intestine immediately presented itself in the wound. It was drawn out from the pelvic end, following the longitudinal band of muscular fibers, and search was made for the appendix. The lower end of the intestine seemed so deep in


This research was motivated by the high interest of investors in PT BTPN Syariah Tbk shares which caused the value of the stock price to increase progressively even though it was hit by the economic crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze and find out how much influence return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) have on the stock price of PT BTPN Syariah Tbk in the Indonesian Islamic capital market. The research method used is descriptive verification method with a quantitative approach. Researchers used secondary data obtained from the official website of PT BTPN Syariah Tbk (www.btpnsyariah.com). The analysis technique in this research is descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, hypothesis testing using t test (partial) and F test (simultaneous), and coefficient of determination test. The results showed that partially, the t-test of the ROE variable did not have a positive effect on stock prices. While the ROA variable has a positive influence on stock prices. Furthermore, based on simultaneous hypothesis testing (F test), the results obtained that the ROE and ROA variables have a positive and significant effect on stock prices. In addition to testing the coefficient of determination, the variation of the stock price variable (Y) can be explained by the variation of the independent variable, namely ROE and ROA as much as 45.5%. While the remaining percentage of 54.5% was explained in other variables outside of this study.


ii. Schistosomiasis Three distinct, but closely allied, diseases # produced by certain nematodes of the family Schistosomidse which gain entrance into the human body through the skin and inhabit ^?e venous system, causing lesions in the ladder, intestine or liver. 1Urinary schistosomiasis.?This is due to hamatobium, the eggs of which, being deposited _ in the mucous membrane of the bladder, give rise to haematuria and cystitis, and occasionally when deposited in the rectum to muco-sanguineous discharges from the bowel. It is very common in Egypt and many other parts of Africa. A number of cases were observed among African troops stationed in Assam during the last war. 2. Intestinal schistosomiasis.?This is due toS. mansoni and affects the rectum and sigmoid and to a less extent the liver. It gives rise to diarrhoea or dysentery-like symptoms and may be complicated by cirrhosis of the liver and enlargement of the spleen known as Egyptian splenomegaly. It is widely distributed in Africa and may co-exist with the first variety. It is found in South America also.


Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the terminal stage of various heart diseases, and is a clinical syndrome characterized by VR, progressive left ventricular relaxation and or contraction dysfunction, dyspnea, reduced activity endurance, and fluid retention[1]. The abnormity of neuroendocrine activity and VR are the key links for the morbidity of CHF, and are also the important factors for causing the sudden death[2]. Bisoprolol is a high selective β1-receptor blocker, has a higher affinity to the vascular smooth muscle and bronchial β1receptor, and is widely applied in the treatment of coronary heart disease[3]. Trimetazidine is a kind metabolic agent, and plays a role in protecting the ischemic and hypoxic myocardial cells through inhibiting the oxidation of free fatty acid, promoting the myocardial glucose oxidation, and reducing the sodium and calcium aggregation in the myocardial cells and intracellular acidosis[4]. The study is aimed to explore the effect of bisoprolol in combined with trimetazidine on the cardiac function rehabilitation in patients with CHF.


The Hybrid method, which makes use of both the finite element method and the boundary element method in the same problem is reviewed. The relative advantages and disadvantages of the Hybrid method are explained. The basic formulation of the method is given and examples for two dimensional and axisymmetric vector and scalar problems are given. The extension of the Hybrid method to three dimensional problems is discussed.


Students deprived of composition instruction—because reading took higher priority—comprise a special population of writers. They profit from a program that builds discourse units, uses student-generated language, and incorporates self-evaluation. Such a program leads inexperienced writers systematically into increased productivity as they progress toward more global planning of compositions.


A simplified kinematic model is established in order to analyze the characteristics of a legged robot's take-off process.The trajectory of angles is researched by the polynomial planning method.The similarity coefficient and lag coefficient are used and the judgement condition for take-off is established in the research.Simulation analysis of the take-off process is done with examples.The effects of the similarity coefficient and lag coefficient on the take-off process are analyzed.The simulation results are approximate to the take-off process of a frog,showing that the theory is effective.


The effect of peening parameters such as shot size, nozzle pressure and peening time on 18Mn 4Cr austenitic steel has been studied. Peening lead to the formation of compressive residual stress layer on the surface, rnartensite transformation in some cases and reduced the surface roughness. Based on the results, a set of optimum peening parameterswas evolved. Unpeened andpeenedspecimens were tested for their susceptibility to stress corrosion in oxygenated aqueous chloride medium at 70% using a 3-point bend test method. The results indicate a considerable improvement in crack initiation time in peened specimens, compared to unpeened specimens.


Highlight Missense and null Lotus japonicus mutants allowed us to demonstrate that hemoglobin LjGlb1-1 is required for infection thread elongation and nodule formation, probably by regulating nitric oxide production in the roots.


In South Africa hybrid systems have been piloted in a private public collaboration1 in two mini grids in the Eastern Cape, one for the Hluleka Nature Reserve (see case study 1 below) and the other for neighbouring Lucingweni village consisting of 220 rural dwellings. The pilot projects were initiated by the Department of Minerals and Energy (DME) in 2003. They were implemented jointly by the National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA), CSIR, Shell Africa and the Eastern Cape Provincial Government. The projects have been evaluated by the DME in 20082 and by the DEA and the South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI) in 20123 with rather negative reviews (see case study 1) and no further mini-grid projects have been developed in South Africa. However valuable lessons have been learnt and the DEA / SANEDI evaluation concludes that:


This article studies copyright protection system, and generalize system framework, Firstly, it introduces the technological base of digital copyright protection systems, outlined several digital content encrypting algorithms and one-way hash function; Secondly, it introduces system design, security requirements and working principle. Finally, it introduces digital copyright protection system framework, and designs a secure transaction system for digital content.


The effect of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) supply by phenological stages of horticultural crops such as tomato has been little explored so far. In this study, we evaluated the impact of N supply in the vegetative stage and K in the reproductive stage of tomato, on the carotenoid and nutritive content of fruits of three truss clusters. The concentrations of protein, lycopene, β-carotene, sugars, vitamin C and fruit juice were affected by the N and K application by phenological stages, although the N×K interaction was not significant in the last three variables. Increases in N from 10 to 16 molc m of nutrient solution (NS) in the vegetative stage of the crop increased the concentrations of protein, vitamin C, sugars (temporarily) and fruit juice. Likewise, increases in potassium (5 to 13 molc m NS) in the reproductive stage of the crop raised the concentrations of sugars, vitamin C, protein, lycopene, β-carotene and fruit juice. The concentration of carotenoids and the nutritional value of the tomato fruit were influenced by N and K nutrition by phenological stages, and these effects change slightly depending on the cluster harvested and the temperature during the growing cycle.


Structure analysis of the cell-penetrating peptide transportan 10 (TP10) revealed an exemplary range of different conformations in the membrane-bound state. The bipartite peptide (derived N-terminally from galanin and C-terminally from mastoparan) was found to exhibit prominent characteristics of (i) amphiphilic a-helices, (ii) intrinsically disordered peptides, as well as (iii) b-pleated amyloid fibrils, and these conformational states become interconverted as a function of concentration. We used a complementary approach of solid-state F-NMR and circular dichroism in oriented membrane samples to characterize the structural and dynamical behaviour of TP10 in its monomeric and aggregated forms. Nine different positions in the peptide were selectively substituted with either the Lor D-enantiomer of 3-(trifluoromethyl)bicyclopent-[1.1.1]-1-ylglycine (CF3-Bpg) as a reporter group for F-NMR. Using the L-epimeric analogs, a comprehensive three-dimensional structure analysis was carried out in lipid bilayers at low peptide concentration, where TP10 is monomeric. While the N-terminal region is flexible and intrinsically unstructured within the plane of the lipid bilayer, the Cterminal a-helix is embedded in the membrane with an oblique tilt angle of ,55u and in accordance with its amphiphilic profile. Incorporation of the sterically obstructive D-CF3-Bpg reporter group into the helical region leads to a local unfolding of the membrane-bound peptide. At high concentration, these helix-destabilizing C-terminal substitutions promote aggregation into immobile b-sheets, which resemble amyloid fibrils. On the other hand, the obstructive D-CF3-Bpg substitutions can be accommodated in the flexible N-terminus of TP10 where they do not promote aggregation at high concentration. The cross-talk between the two regions of TP10 thus exerts a delicate balance on its conformational switch, as the presence of the a-helix counteracts the tendency of the unfolded N-terminus to self-assemble into b-pleated fibrils. Citation: Fanghänel S, Wadhwani P, Strandberg E, Verdurmen WPR, Bürck J, et al. (2014) Structure Analysis and Conformational Transitions of the Cell Penetrating Peptide Transportan 10 in the Membrane-Bound State. PLoS ONE 9(6): e99653. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099653 Editor: Patrick van der Wel, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America Received December 17, 2013; Accepted May 18, 2014; Published June 17, 2014 Copyright: 2014 Fanghänel et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: We acknowledge the DFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures for financial support (TP E1.2, and Z-project). Wouter Verdurmen was supported by funds from the Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com . These authors contributed equally to this work.


To determine the long‐term cutaneous side‐effects of oral photochemotherapy (PUVA), we examined 95 patients, 59 with psoriasis and 36 with mycosis fungoides (MF). These comprised 80% and 69% respectively of the patients with these disorders treated with PUVA in our department from 1977 to 1985. Two psoriatic patients had squamous carcinomas, both of whom had received high cumulative UVA doses and also methotrexate concurrently with PUVA. Six patients with MF had actinic keratoses. The mean age of these patients (69 years) was significantly greater than the mean age of the patients without actinic keratoses (54 years), but there was no significant difference in their cumulative UVA doses. No patients developed basal cell carcinomas or malignant melanoma. 'PUVA lentigines' were found in 46% of the patients. They were most frequent in patients currently being treated and in those who had received high cumulative UVA doses, but persisted for up to 7 years after discontinuing therapy.


Although the world of education and the world of work are unquestionably complementary the relationship between these important realities has always been uneasy. Humanistic educationalists defend that schools should be shielded from the manipulative, self-serving intents of the work market. Education must allow individuals to achieve emancipation and become critically aware, autonomous citizens, capable of understanding and participating in the world they live in. Reform-minded neoliberal enthusiasts claim, with equal strength, that the education system has contributed to economic decline and to the deterioration of school learning calling for a radical change of direction and policy. The need to improve education and training effectiveness has led to an expansion of work-based learning (WBL), Initial Vocational Education and Training (IVET) programs. In Portugal, although multiple forms of IVET co-exist, the Dual Apprenticeship system (DAS) represents the only genuine WBL IVET opportunity available. Despite the strong level of employability and real-world learning, it is perplexingly difficult to persuade the stakeholders in education about the value of this obscure alternative out-of-school pathway. The number of those taking part in the Portuguese DAS has been decreasing and finding employers willing to participate remains difficult, leading some to question the sustainability of this alternative IVET WBL system. This presentation offers a historical overview and critical assessment of key underlying features of the Portuguese IVET DAS. The aim is to provide a deeper understanding the only genuinely IVET WBL, out-of-school initiative that has ever existed in Portugal.


IGRAs have higher specificities than TSTs and high NPV in children tested for LTBI. BrightcoveDefaultPlayer10.1542/6138649652001PEDS-VA_2019-1930 Video Abstract OBJECTIVES: The tuberculin skin test (TST) has been preferred for screening young children for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) because of concerns that interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) may be less sensitive in this high-risk population. In this study, we compared the predictive value of IGRAs to the TST for progression to tuberculosis disease in children, including those <5 years old. METHODS: Children <15 years old at risk for LTBI or progression to disease were tested with TST, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-GIT), and T-SPOT.TB test (T-SPOT) and followed actively for 2 years, then with registry matches, to identify incident disease. RESULTS: Of 3593 children enrolled September 2012 to April 2016, 92% were born outside the United States; 25% were <5 years old. Four children developed tuberculosis over a median 4.3 years of follow-up. Sensitivities for progression to disease for TST and IGRAs were low (50%–75%), with wide confidence intervals (CIs). Specificities for TST, QFT-GIT, and T-SPOT were 73.4% (95% CI: 71.9–74.8), 90.1% (95% CI: 89.1–91.1), and 92.9% (95% CI: 92.0–93.7), respectively. Positive and negative predictive values for TST, QFT-GIT, and T-SPOT were 0.2 (95% CI: 0.1–0.8), 0.9 (95% CI: 0.3–2.5), and 0.8 (95% CI: 0.2–2.9) and 99.9 (95% CI: 99.7–100), 100 (95% CI: 99.8–100), and 99.9 (95% CI: 99.8–100), respectively. Of 533 children with TST-positive, IGRA-negative results not treated for LTBI, including 54 children <2 years old, none developed disease. CONCLUSIONS: Although both types of tests poorly predict disease progression, IGRAs are no less predictive than the TST and offer high specificity and negative predictive values. Results from this study support the use of IGRAs for children, especially those who are not born in the United States.


Tall fescue is a widely grown, cool season grass prevalent in the eastern United States that is known for its resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. A main reason for tall fescue's resistance to these stresses is attributed to the presence of a fungal endophyte. Unfortunately, this endophyte also adversely affects cattle production. Cows consuming the ergot alkaloids produced by these endophytes can exhibit decreased feed intake, growth performance, organ vasoconstriction, and increased rectal temperature. This work is interested in examining how endophyte toxin exposure impacts pregnancy in cattle. Reduced blood flow to the fetus and inadequate maternal nutrition contributes to intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR), and this work proposed that fescue endophyte toxicity affects the gestating cow and fetus. Three studies were completed. In experiment 1, gestating cows grazed high or low endophyte fescue pastures during late gestation to determine if exposure to ergot alkaloids in utero results in IUGR and if calves from these pregnancies have altered growth performance. Creep feeding was evaluated as a mitigation strategy for impaired calf growth due to fescue toxicity, and feedlot performance was evaluated to determine if consuming fescue during gestation and creep feeding would affect feedlot performance. Calf BW was different (P < 0.01) by treatment x time. Birth weights of calves were similar , prior to creep feeding calves exposed to high endophyte fescue were lower, and post-supplementation creep fed calves had increased BW. Days on feed and dressing percentage were decreased in the supplemented group, and marbling score was decreased for both the supplemented and


An algorithm for data compression and approximation of 3D model surfaces is presented. It can make the error in approximating the surface about 50% less without more data(e.g. the number of facets)required to express the surface, or make the data required to express the surface much less without changing the error. At first, an algorithm for approximating 3D spherical surfaces with surface- intersecting facets is presented. Then the process of developing this algorithm to approximate general curved surfaces is described. Theo- retical analysis and the experimental results show that the compression ratio of the new algorithm to the traditional ones is about 35%. The research has academic and practical values for data compression and transmission in the field of virtual reality and 3D modeling etc.


Geospatial data has been applied for positioning structural height restriction around the proposed MKO Abiola international Airport in Ido-Osun, Osun State. The study aimed at using geovisualisation method for guiding structural height restriction around the airport. In Nigeria, there is a growing demand for Airports and safety is paramount to aviation industry as calamity is irreversible. In respect of this, precautionary measures are better emplaced at inception to safeguard the industry as much as possible. For example, failure because of engine faults in flight cannot be completely erased, at least, planes hitting buildings due to either low altitude of the airplane or excessive height of structures could be totally abated. Data used for this study involved Geospatially acquired data obtained through primary and secondary methods. The data were processed and a 2km buffer zone was created around the proposed airport for analysis. Modelling of the study was done to relatively decipher the height relationship between the airport runway and the buffer zone. Hypotenuse theorem was used and available data, airplane altitude along various directions were calculated in relation to the mean sea level through which proposed heights restrictions were made for structures within the buffer zone in the study area. It was scientifically deduced that using of only number of building ,floors and other structures, the height above earth surface are not enough to set such height restriction, instead, elevations of adjoining land should also be a striking factor taken into set structural height restriction aided by Geo observation data.


Various researchers have put in place interventions in different sectors and categories of communities to curb the spread of health related issues associated with genital tract infections. Interventions which include: voluntary testing and counseling, treatment, care and supports, among others to mitigate its impact, which ranges from less serious to fatal outcomes such as neurological and cardiovascular diseases, pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and ano-genital cancers specifically cervical cancer. This attracted the attention of this study to assess University of Ibadan female undergraduate's knowledge, attitude and practices regarding genital tract infections. Survey research design was adopted and Questionnaires were used to gather data from female undergraduate students of university of Ibadan, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to select two hundred female undergraduate students who participated in the study. Data collected was analyzed using version 20.0 of statistical package for social sciences. The result revealed inadequate knowledge of genital tract infection among female undergraduate students of university of Ibadan. It was also discovered that there is adequate and positive attitude toward genital tract infections/ vaginal infection among the female students. Further analysis revealed that prevalence rate of genital tract infections/ vaginal infection among selected female undergraduate students of university of Ibadan is high (90%). Also, the findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between student's knowledge and preventive measures against vaginal infections among female undergraduate students of university of Ibadan at (r =.169 * df = 200, P<.05). The study concluded with discussion of findings and recommended that health professionals in the university health setting should or should be organizing educative programme on yearly bases to educate the female undergraduate students on practical ways and methods of living healthy without vaginal infection because the finding of the study revealed that female undergraduate students of the university of Ibadan had inadequate knowledge and the prevalence rate of the vaginal infection is high.


Ballistic impacts on armoured vehicles cause shock effects that are transmitted in the structure to the occupants and equipment. These often exceed the human and systems limits. For a design engineer, reducing the shock levels transmitted to the occupant and to the onboard equipment requires the use of specific analysis tools and methods. A complete numerical methodology has been developed by ONERA-Lille to treat this problem, the main objective of which is to be easily usable by industrials to improve their structural design. A commercial finite element code is used, using explicit resolution methods. For computing cost reasons, the problem must be solved in several steps. In a first step, local impact on a real 3D armour geometry is simulated. The complete description of the shock transmission is extracted from this simulation by an appropriated technique, in the periphery of the armour. Then, the evolution of these data is described through load functions, introduced as new inputs in the model of the complete structure. The natural response of the structure can then be analysed, in terms of stress waves on the one hand, and of shock spectrums measured at the equipment's position on the other hand.


Objective To assess the incidence of malignancy of thyroid small nodule on the basis of clinical manifestations and other parameter of pre-operative examinations.Methods We had retrospectively analyzed 104 cases of thyroid small nodule in correlation to the clinical manifestations and the pre-operative examinations of thyroid scintigraphy and ultrasonographic scanning.Results ECT was useless for a diagnosis of cancer of thyroid small nodules.However,the results of thyroid ultrasonographic scanning were useful in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer.Conclusion The above findings emphasize the importance careful reviewing the clinical information of each patient,in addition to the cytology examination by fine needle aspiration.Sometimes,quick frozen pathological is necessary during the operation.


The phase transformation temperatures of shape memory alloys were determined through a DSC test. A theoretical model of martensite transformation for shape memory alloys was developed based on the DSC results. Particularly, the peak temperatures during the phase transformations were considered in this model, which were not done in all previous models. The proposed model was verified to describe the behaviors of phase transformation of shape memory alloys more precisely than the previous models. Numerical examples were shown the capability of this model compared to Liang's model.


The identification of new genes that are mutated in osteosarcomas is critical to developing a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this disease and discovering new targets for therapeutic development.


This paper presents the design technique and the performance evaluation of RPC(remote procedure call) algorithm using queue on the micro computer, works tationand PC's underUNIX SystemV, The existingRPC algorithmis aftercalling remote Procedure, it must has be returned in order torun next instructions. But if it is not done so, it must wait indefinitely. To solve this problem, a message transfer method which used queue is adopted. And the improved RPC algorithm that can process in sequence is designed and implemented.


According to the complexity of deep foundation pit project,it analyses the reason of deep foundation pit accident from prospecting,design,construction and supervision,summarizes the measures that should be taken,and puts forward several suggestions that should be done in deep foundation pit support project,aiming at eliminating the potential foundation pit danger in the beginning.


Distributions and climate impacts of biomass-burning aerosols were simulated by a global aerosol climate model, SPRINTARS, which was fully coupled to a general circulation model. The model included calculations of the direct, semi-direct and indirect effects of aerosols. Seasonal variations of mass concentrations of the main biomass-burning aerosols in the atmosphere, i.e., black carbon, organic matter and sulfate, were simulated well around burned regions. The global annual mean radiative forcing by biomass-burning aerosols was thereby calculated to be – 0.07 W m -2 at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and – 0.23 W m -2 at the surface through the direct effects. The results indicate that aerosols have sufficient effects to change regional climates through strong, negative direct radiative forcing over biomass-burning regions. The global mean radiative forcing of the indirect effects due to biomass-burning aerosols is estimated to be nearly 0 W m -2 . This implies cancellation between the cooling effect of reducing cloud droplet size and warming effect of promoting conversion from supercooled water to ice crystals. A weekly aerosol forecasting system with SPRINTARS includes information on daily aerosol emissions from biomass burning retrieved from MODIS hotspot data.


Cognitive radio (CR)-based internet of things systems can be considered as an efficient solution for futuristic smart technologies. However, CRs are naturally vulnerable to two major security threats; primary user emulation (PUE) and jamming attacks. Machine learning has been recently applied to the detection of these attacks. Still, the need for feature extraction required by machine learning techniques restrains the full exploitation of raw data. To alleviate this need, this paper proposes one-dimensional deep learning as a framework for identifying such attacks. Simulations show the ability of the proposed algorithm to detect these attacks with high performance.


Article type: Original Paper Introduction: Electromagnetic waves that are of higher energy than visible light transmit information between mobile phones and antennas BTS (Base Transceivers Station). The increasing use of mobile phones due to the proliferation of antennas is a matter of concern. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between distance from the BTS antennas and the quality of sleep and life of nearby residents. Material and Methods: For the assessment of the quality of sleep, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality standard questionnaire (PSQI) was used. On the other hand, the 12-item Short -Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to assess the quality of life. This questionnaire contains two parameters: Mental Health Composite Scores (MCS) and Physical Health Composite Scores (PCS). Results: The analysis of the data obtained from 810 people indicated that the most sleep disturbance and the minimum average MCS score (p<0.05) were detected in the residents who were living within 50-100 meters from the antenna. Moreover, it was found that the average PCS score was lower among those residing within 100-200 meters from the antenna, as compared to other residents. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that exposure to electromagnetic waves can affect sleep quality, as well as the mental and physical life qualities of the residents depending on the distance from BTS. Antennas implant must be set in patterns that have the lowest intensity in terms of beam convergences for all residents. Article history: Received: Aug 28, 2019 Accepted: Jan 12, 2020


Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the common food pathogens which may cause human disease and/or animal infections. In an attempt to trace the clonal relationship and to discern the possible transmission of these strains from different origins, twenty-five Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from retail meats and four strains isolated from food-poisoning cases were tested for antimicrobial resistance using the standard disk diffusion method. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to identify subtypes of these S. typhimurium strains. The results showed that in S.typhimurium high genetic similarity could exist. When plasmid profiles were combined with PFGE patterns, this combination further improves the discrimination of these strains. The strains of the same pattern combination may be the most epidemic strains which circulating between contaminated animal–derived meat and human. Transmission of these strains between different areas and origins might be possible.

 Key words: Salmonella typhimurium, antimicrobial resistance, PFGE, plasmid profile.


This paper presents a thorough introduction to and application of the Parametric Magneto-Dynamic (PMD) model of soft magnetic steel sheets. The theoretical background is reviewed, and two different ways are discussed to account for the viscosity-like effects originating from microscopic eddy currents. This is followed by the theoretical calculation of magnetization dynamics and dynamic hysteresis loops in Non-Oriented (NO) electrical steel. Both classical and viscosity-extended approaches are discussed, with respect to the ability of replicating the dynamic hysteresis loop shape and iron-loss under sinusoidal excitation waveforms up to high excitation frequencies. Comparisons against measurements are analyzed for M400-50A and M235-35A NO electrical steel over a wide range of magnetic flux density and excitation frequencies. The proven accuracy and efficiency of the PMD model make it a valuable tool for the calculation of iron losses in electrical machines and transformers, as well as for an in-depth study of magnetization dynamics in individual laminations.


There is a secure and lasting between the aluminum conductor (4) stripped of insulation and a contact element (8) is connected to the aluminum conductor is electrically connected to the contact portion (2), the method is: the aluminum conductor (4 ) cohesively contact with said element (8) is connected, and the adapter element (6) and the contact element (8) mechanically connected such that the aluminum conductor (4) indirectly via the adapter element (6) (8) in electrical contact with the contact element.


We study the essential self-adjointness for real principal type differential operators. Unlike the elliptic case, we need geometric conditions even for operators on the Euclidean space with asymptotically constant coefficients, and we prove the essential self-adjointness under the null non-trapping condition.


The greatest challenges facing our world today are the need to reduce the pollutants entering our atmosphere AND the need to create fuels that can support our expanding global economies. The opportunity to support cutting-edge research on both challenges in one facility is truly inspiring. That is the basic premise behind the New York State The creation of working environments to support complex science while mitigating the impact of the facility on the natural environment has never been as important as it is today. The challenge of designing a laboratory for the science of fuels optimization and emissions reduction, while reducing overall energy consumption has yielded results surpassing the goals of the State of New York, setting them on a path to a ground-breaking new science facility.


Introduction: To identify the effectiveness of anti-gravity treadmill (AGT) on gait quality of patients with orthopedic conditions through a systematic review.

Methods: Search was conducted in databases such as Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Physiotherapy Database (PEDro), ScienceDirect, and NCBI for the articles published between January 2011 and April 2022. Included studies undergo data extraction, methodological quality assessment using the PEDro Scale and JBI Critical Appraisal Tool, and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. The main outcome evaluated in this study is the gait quality.

Results: Out of 147 publications found, 11 studies with the mean of 37 the review included subjects. Anti-gravity treadmill appears to be effective equal to standard rehabilitation in improving the gait quality and the overall function of the patient.

Discussion: The use of anti-gravity treadmill is safe and reliable, and it can be a complementary therapeutic option for improving gait quality in patients with lower extremity orthopedic conditions. However, due to the risk of bias assessment, there is no conclusive evidence to support the claims. To increase evidence power, studies with higher methodological quality and larger samples are required.


Benzylpenicillin (PG-G) and ampicillin (AB-PC) were administered intramuscularly to pigs and calves. An attempt was made to identify these penicillins qualitatively in tissues and urine collected from the animals after slaughter. The kidney, liver and muscle were homogenized into fourfold dilutions. The diameter of an inhibition zone produced by each dilution was determined on Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 plates at pH 6.0 and 8.0. The urine was diluted up to 625-fold. Thin-layer chromatographic identification was performed for only tissue and urine samples characterized by the largest inhibition zone that was observed on M. luteus plate and inactivated by the addition of penicillinase. Next, a sample extracted with methanol was spotted on a silica gel plate, which was then developed in ethyl acetate-methanol-water (6:2:1). Rf values were determined by bioautography with M. luteus as the test organism. They were about 2 times as high in animals given PC-G as in those given AB-PC. They coincided closely with those of reference antibiotic solutions. Thus, it seems likely that PC-G and AB-PC residues may be identified in slaughtered animals by thin-layer chromatography with the spot volume of 10 and/or 30μl on the basis of inhibition zones produced on M. luteus plate. It was recommended that chromatography should be performed on extracts from the medulla rather than cortex of the kidney, which had been proved to contain penicillins.


Abstract The behaviour of a coil with a magnetic core under a magnetic field and connected with an ac signal has been investigated. The field induced change of inductance and the field induced change of the equivalent capacitance, ac resistance and impedance caused by that in the coil have been observed. By means of adding a loss film, which is placed at one end and vertical to the centre axis of the coil, all of those field induced changes of the parameters can approach or exceed 40% under a field less than 1600 Oe and with a signal frequency of 10 kHz.


This article presents the results of a study concerning the forecasting of mean transaction prices per 1 m 2 in eight residential markets in Poland. The first research problem was an attempt to study the dependencies between the similarity of price development between these markets and the values of the errors of price forecasts that were constructed based on this similarity. The analysis showed a lack of a negative linear relationship. This means that a greater similarity in price development in different markets did not allow for the construction of forecasts with a smaller error. The second research problem was a construction of global mean price forecasts. The results showed that the proposed method of constructing global forecasts was, compared to the traditional one, better in the case of some markets, and worse for others.


VAES stands for variable AES. VAES3 is the third generation format-preserving encryption algorithm that was developed in a report [4] simultaneously with the comprehensive paper on FPE [1] and subsequently updated slightly to be in concert with the FFX standard proposal. The standard proposal of FFX includes, in an appendix, example instantiations called A2 and A10. A follow on addendum [3] includes an instantiation called FFX[radix] . The stated intent of FFX is that it is a framework under which many implementations are compliant. The VAES3 scheme is compliant to those requirements. VAES3 was designed to meet security goals and requirements beyond the original example instantiations, and its design goals are slightly different than those of FFX[radix]. One of the unique features of VAES3 is a subkey step that enhances security and lengthens the lifetime of the key.


As part of China's "the Belt and Road" strategy, China Railway Express provides alternative shipping routes and transportation modes from Asia to Europe and creates new opportunities for intermodal transportation in the shipping industry. A time–distancebased cost (time cost) function was proposed to compare China Railway Express with traditional transportation modes. Time cost was related to different types of cargoes, which exhibit distinct sensitivity to time. Using the proposed cost function as basis, we identified the cost indifference area where total costs are equal. Further analysis was performed for selecting the transportation mode and supply area for a specific cargo. This study provides various parties, such as business owners, the government, and the shipping industry, with many valuable insights.


Repugnant transactions are sometimes banned, but legal bans sometimes give rise to active black markets that are difficult if not impossible to extinguish. We explore a model in which the probability of extinguishing a black market depends on the extent to which its transactions are regarded as repugnant as measured by the proportion of the population that disapproves of them and the intensity of that repugnance as measured by willingness to punish. Sufficiently repugnant markets can be extinguished with even mild punishments, whereas others are insufficiently repugnant for this and become exponentially more difficult to extinguish the larger they become and the longer they survive.


Background: Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of mini-gastric bypass (MGB) surgery in diabetic and prediabetic obese patients. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five patients who had MGB operation...


A large TFT-LCD panel cutting method is provided to reduce costs by preventing increase of facilities by cutting a manufactured large TFT-LCD panel in a desired size and manufacture the TFT-LCD panel of various sizes by performing mass production in one line. A polarizing plate installed in the surface and the back of a portion to be cut is removed in a length direction, in a large TFT(Thin Film Transistor)-LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) panel completed by sequentially coupling a polarizing plate, a color filter substrate, an LC layer, a TFT(Thin Film Transistor) substrate and a polarizing plate. A cutting location is set by setting a portion where a gate line and a data line of the TFT substrate are not damaged. A first scribe line is set by cutting the panel up to a center depth of the color filter substrate by using a diamond wheel along the set cutting location. The large TFT-LCD panel is turned over after one end of the TFT-LCD panel is chucked to the back as an opposite side of the portion where the first scribe line is set. A second scribe line is set by cutting the portion where a back polarizing plate is peeled, which is exactly consistent with the portion where the first scribe line is set, up to a center depth of the TFT substrate by using a diamond wheel. In a state when the scribe lines are formed in the color filter substrate and the TFT substrate of the large TFT-LCD panel, sedation for natural crack is performed for thirty minutes. The naturally-cracked color filter substrate and TFT substrate are cut. After that, the cut portion is sealed.


Shallot is an essential vegetable crop in Indonesia, and its cultivation requires labor and capital intensive. Availability of high yielding and disease resistant shallot varieties will ensure its sustainable production. Haploid breeding should be beneficial for supporting the shallot breeding program. This study aims to identify suitable media for inducing callus growth and subsequent shoots or somatic embryo (SE) regeneration from anther tissues. In this study, successful callus induction was obtained from shallot anther but not for shoots or SE regeneration. The three different flower-sized responses were also investigated, and large flowers (5mm x 3mm) with an average anther length of 1.44 ± 0.04 mm were the best for callus induction. The microscopic observation indicated that large and medium flowers contain most bicellular pollen developmental stages, while small flowers are mostly tetrad stage. It also showed that the bicellular stage was more responsive to callus induction than the tetrad one. Moreover, the C1 medium consisted of MS basal medium supplemented with 3 mg L−1 BAP, 3 mg L−1 NAA, and 30 g/L sucrose was the best medium for inducing callus from anther explant.


Along with the trend of E-commerce's globalization,EDI has become the important method of developing the E-commerce of Chinese enterprises.This paper expounds the developing situation of EDI in China and foreign countries,analyzes on the developing superiorities and application fields of EDI,probes into the problems existing in the utilization of EDI in China,and advances some countermeasures.


In black shale studies, apparent lack of bioturbation is commonly taken as an indication of anoxic bottom waters. Yet, modern oxygen‐stressed environments show that even at suboxic levels (0.0 to 0.2 ml l−1 oxygen), microscopic eukaryotic benthic organisms live in the uppermost millimetres to centimetres of the substrate. Known as meiofauna, these organisms disturb the primary fabric as they move through the sediment. These modern examples inspired students of the rock record to report sub‐millimetre irregular–wiggly features in black shale thin sections as meiofaunal burrows. Preparation flaws in thin section manufacture can cause reduced light transmission that results in darkened regions when viewed in transmitted light, and one wonders whether micro‐burrows reported in the literature are indeed burrows, or alternatively artifact‐induced optical illusions. Examining shale thin sections of Archean to Tertiary age showed: (i) that burrow‐like features are common regardless of age; and (ii) that burrow identification varies significantly between observers. When transposing locations of presumed traces onto scanning electron microscope images of the same field of view (diamond polished surface), no evidence of fabric modification at locations of presumed burrows was observed. Microfabric within and outside 'burrows' was the same, and larger fabric elements traversed 'burrows' uninterrupted. Once both sides of the rock slice were polished, presumed burrows could no longer be observed, indicating that damage to the underside of the thin section caused the mistaken identification of micro‐burrows. Because burrows emplaced in water‐rich muds must undergo substantial compaction‐induced 'flattening' and deformation prior to lithification, geometries of presumed burrows that disagree with a plausible compaction regime provide an additional filter to separate potential burrows from artifact‐induced features. Recognizing meiofaunal disruption is an important aspect for accurate palaeoenvironmental interpretation of black shales. Yet, initial assessment via optical microscopy needs to be verified through scanning electron microscope‐based examination of shale fabrics.


Context  In order to assess or replicate the research findings of published reports, authors must provide adequate and transparent descriptions of their methods. We conducted 2 consecutive studies, the first to define reporting standards relating to the use of standardised patients (SPs) in research, and the second to evaluate the current literature according to these standards.


A direct determination method of Cd in titanium dioxide by flame atomic absorption spectrometry was established after dissolution of sample with HF.HNO3 was used for dissolution of salts in the sample and removal of the residual HF.The sample dissolution conditions,acid dosage and the interference of matrix and coexisting elements were discussed.It was found that,the coexisting elements in TiO2 matrix and titanium dioxide at the highest content did not interfere with the determination of cadmium under the selected experimental conditions.The linear range of method was 0.02-2.0 μg/mL,the detection limit was 0.003 3 μg/mL,and the lower limit of quantitation was 0.011 μg/mL.The proposed method was applied to the determination of actual sample,and the results were consistent with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The relative standard deviation(RSD,n=11) was smaller than 1 %,and the recoveries were 98 %-103 %.


Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has been proposed for staging of N0 neck in oral/oropharyngeal carcinomas. It is claimed that SNB may be superior to selective neck dissection (SND) with respect to quality of life (QOL) and postoperative morbidity.


A new classification of condensed structures is suggested based on the analysis of modern data and ideas of the structure and functional transformations of chromosomes in cells of eucaryotes for the cellular cycle under conditions of individual and historical development.


The city of Osijek has got a combined sewerage system. It is the North sewer main, constructed at the beginning of the twentieth century that constitutes the major part of the existing sewerage system. The original concept of a sewer system has been subjected to adjustments and extended on multiple occasions The South sewer main, however, has been constructed in the time frame of the last fifty years, with the final objective of transporting wastewater to the central wastewater treatment plant, whose realisation is still pending. Great contribution to the future development is recognized in establishing the high quality mathematical model for urban drainage. Unfortunately, its application and the upgrading are not making adequate progress. Nevertheless, the ongoing activities involve spatial observations of rainfall events. The objective of this paper is to present option for system management, based on examples of a combined sewer overflow. EPA SWMM5.0 model is applied as a tool and presentation includes a drainage simulation, together with management of overflows and resulting options. The paper emphasizes the necessity for further runoff measurement inside the sewerage system.


Focusing on a range of welfare issues this book examines the views, values and perceptions of a number of theorists from ancient times to the nineteenth century, including Plato, St Aquinas, Hobbes, Wollstonecraft and Marx.


We propose a rational model to explain the use of counter-intuitive tactics in dynamic (two-person) tournaments. The model predicts when and why both leaders and trailers sometimes intentionally take "risky" tactics in order to win the final victory in high incentive tournaments in the mutual fund market, professional sports, competition for executive positions and so on. We then conduct a controlled laboratory experiment on this dynamic tournament with interim performance feedback, and find results that coincide with theoretical predictions in the following three ways: First, players follow model prediction 78% of the time. Second, regression analysis shows that 95% of players follow prediction when theory suggests the "safe" (piece-rate) tactic, while when theory suggests the "risky" (long shot) scheme, trailers follow this prediction 74% (81% when it dominant) of the time, even after controlling for players' ability, gender and risk attitude. Also, we find that gender and risk preferences play a role in leaders' behavior when theory predicts indifference. Finally, the experimental distribution of final performance difference is also close to what theory predicts.


Smoothened (SMO) is a protein that resides within the plasma membrane of cells, including keratinocytes. When activated, SMO triggers a cascade of cellular events that can result in tumor formation and altered embryonic development. The activity of SMO is regulated by an associated membrane receptor known as patched (PTCH), the protein product of the patched gene. The normal …


The accuracy of the CRCP-1, CRCP-2, and CRCP-3 models developed by the Center for Transportation Research at the University of Texas, Austin, for predicting the behavior of continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) is limited, in part, by many of the simplifying assumptions that were made for their development. Modeling the bond stress distribution between the concrete and the steel reinforcing as an average stress acting over a development length is, in particular, a gross simplification of actual behavior. The TTICRCP model was developed by assuming that the bond stress relationship between the concrete and the steel could be approximated accurately by a bond stress-slip function. The function was used for the generation of a system of linear, 2nd order differential equations that describe the CRCP slab. The correct solution to the system of differential equations yields the displacement functions of the concrete and the steel, which, in turn, allow the stress distributions for both the steel and the concrete to be found. Time dependency was incorporated into the model to allow for multi-day analysis of a CRCP system. Material properties, drying shrinkage, environmental conditions, and wheel loads were all assumed to be time dependent.


A compound jam was producted by taking matcha and pumpkin as materials and its processing technology was studyed.The Optimal formula for the matcha-pumpkin jam and the dosage of thickening agents were confirmed by orthogonal tests.The results showed that:the proportion of matcha,pumpkin and water was m(matcha):m (pumpkin):m(water)=0.4:50:50,then it was added 15% white granulated sugar,0.4% citric acid,4.3% thicken- ing agents(including 4% gather glucose,0.1% carrageenan,0.2% xanthan gum) which based on the total mass of pumpkin and water to the mixing.Thus,the produced jam was good sensory quality,stability and nutritious.


A small wet detention pond was instrumented to determine treatment efficiencies. Annual loads showed a reduction from the inflow to the outflow for ammonia as nitrogen (39%), organic nitrogen (59%), nitrate + nitrate (65%), ortho-phosphate (67%), total phosphate (65%), total zinc (50%), total cadmium (52%), total iron (25%) and total suspended solids (56%). Pollutants found in rainfall often exceeded concentrations found in water collected at the inflow suggesting aerial deposition is a major pathway for some constituents.


Global change is currently leading to a fundamental re-configuration of marine space. In the North Sea, climate change is one of the drivers that have resulted in a large proportion of North Sea space to be set aside for offshore wind farming (BMU 2007, BMWi 2008, Kannen & Burkhard 2009, Gee (in print)). Whilst there are risks associated with not pursuing the offshore wind option, the large-scale expansion of offshore wind farming itself carries a different set of risks. Some of these risks are spatial in nature, increasing pressure of use on a space that is already heavily used. Other risks are economic, ecological and social in nature, manifesting themselves at different scales in the marine environment and further afield on the mainland.Risk is a construct and a relative concept, meaning that risk perception is contingent in space and time. There is a large body of literature linking risk perception to change and uncertainty, the acceptance of new technologies and how to deal with systemic risk (e.g. Renn et al. 2007, Zwick et al. 2008). In this paper, we start from the premise that the classification of something as a risk requires the existence of something else that is `at risk', an object or entity that is valued and could be considered threatened by new developments. This `something' may be a personal and deeply held conviction or principle, but may also be the values assigned to particular elements of the environment and space. In the case of risks perceived in the context of offshore wind farming, a central question is thus what environmental values might be threatened by the large-scale expansion of offshore wind farms and whether this can be compensated for by appropriate management.Using the West coast of Schleswig-Holstein as a case study, this paper discusses three selected constructs of environmental risk posed by offshore wind farm development The first is the construction of `objective' ecological risk based on the interpretation of modelling data for selected bird species (Burkhard et al. 2010, Mendel et al. 2010). The second draws on survey results from the West coast of Schleswig-Holstein and focuses on risk perception of local coastal residents (Gee 2010). The third is the construction of risk by other sea users potentially affected by offshore wind farm development, where space is the value most at risk.We then place these different perceptions of threat into the context of the current spatial planning framework used to guide offshore wind farm development in the German North Sea. We find that zoning is limited in the kinds of risks it can reduce. For comprehensive risk management in the context of offshore wind farming, more must be done to discuss the more fundamental values associated with the sea as a space since these are instrumental drivers of local perceptions of risk.


Hospital acquired infection incidence is growing worldwide and textiles with antimicrobial treatments as a preventive measure are becoming common place. Currently tests are performed in wet conditions as encountered in wound dressings but not at 25C and 50%RH where clothing is worn. An interdisciplinary approach has modified test procedures to compare the antibacterial efficacies of textiles at these new conditions. Results demonstrated that certain fabrics with high efficacy claims fail the modified test method. IBRG membership is helping develop a new standard method for this type of fabric for the healthcare sector to enhance quality of life.


When I started working as a school teacher (which was before I began my Ph.D. studies), I decided to try to come up with a clever way of marking my students' written assignments, correcting the errors of weaker students and only underlining those made by better ones. I found quite soon that it was often hard for me to assess my students' abilities properly, which I realised when I started getting complaints from them that they did not understand what their mistakes had been. Unfortunately, my enthusiasm decreased, and I began abandoning my practice of approaching errors made by students of different abilities differently.


In order to meet the market for a variety of Chinese character processing needs,drawing the profile of font,in the Windows system,the edge recognition technology was researched.The pixels marginal detection from eight directions was introduced,BMP graphics was presented based on the eight-megapixel point the direction of the edge detection algorithm.The information of key data points was extracted.The XY motion simulation platform based on the straight-line interpolation through point by point comparison was developed,the simulation of font path and engraving process was achieved.The experemantal results show that the effect based on the technology is ideal.


Abstrcat An Actual single machine scheduling problem to maximum the number of whole-set orders was put forwarded. A 0-1 integer programming model was presented. An algorithm based on genetic algorithm is designed. an example was shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.


In this chapter the evidence of pottery decoration and shape, axe decoration, burial, settlement and economy is linked in comparable sequences of change which can be identified on both the North European plain and on the adjacent loess soils. In the first phase, found only on the loess, individual units within social groups can remain in close proximity, the social groups gradually expanding outwards. Pottery, burial and settlement show little concern with contrasts and oppositions. In the second phase, seen in the later LBK and Rossen and early TRB, there is outwards expansion, the spatial coherence of local groups is complicated by shorter term, more dispersed settlement and there is perhaps evidence of new forms of social dominance. There is a concern with oppositions in the pot decoration, a large number of vessel forms and large amounts of decoration, complex burial ritual in the TRB, and nucleated ditched villages in the Rossen. The material culture helps to form and legitimate the social categories in a period of increasing contradictions. In the third phase, the PFB, there is less emphasis on oppositions and categorisation in material culture and the various classes of evidence suggest a transformation of earlier tensions. The historical nature of the enquiry is stressed and the appropriate use of symbols such as shapes of burial mounds is outlined. The setting The physical environment of the Netherlands and adjacent areas can be divided into three major zones (fig. 1). The first area is the coastal sedimentation of the Rhine–Maas (Meuse) delta. Up to about 3000 BC the coastline retreated inwards, while after this date it began moving out again.


The Fe-C is one of the important systems in the study of the composition and structure of the Earth's core [1, 2]. A number of intermediate compounds were considered as a possible carbon-bearing phase in the core: Fe3C, Fe3C2, Fe5C2, Fe7C3 и Fe2C [3-6]. It was assumed that among these carbides Fe2C is most stable under the Earth's inner core conditions [6–7], however this conclusion is based on calculations at 0 K. In the present work we investigated the stability of various iron carbides at pressures and temperatures of the Earth's core based on the calculations within the density functional theory, quasiharmonic approximation and structure prediction methods. The crystal structure predictions performed for Fe2C, Fe3C, and Fe7C3 revealed two new phases: Fe3C-C2/m and Fe7C3-C2/m which are thermodynamically stable above 300 GPa at 0 K. The energy relationships between the predicted crystal structures are shown in Fig. 1. According to the calculated convex hull, Fe7C3-C2/m is not stable and decomposes into a mixture of Fe3C+2Fe2C at 0 K. Fe3CC2/m is stable relative to a mixture of Fe2C+Fe at 0 K.


When speaking of emerging fields of commercial services in South Africa and abroad, forensic accounting springs to mind as one of the more obvious, and the existence of the field was necessitated by the surging South African and global crime rates.


On the basis of field measurement data obtained simultaneously in late April - early May 2006 in the expeditions of the Russian and the German research vessels in the northern and southern parts of the Baltic Proper, the south-north (along the major axis of the sea) variability of the location of the upper and the lower boundaries of the cold intermediate layer is considered. The highest variability of the boundaries from station to station is pointed out, as well as the lack of any clear south-north trend in their changes. This speaks in favor of the independence of the formation of CIL at any particular place - as opposed to the existence of a common sea-scale transport of cold intermediate waters from some common source.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Amplatzer occlusion device in atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Methods The clinical data of 56 patients in our hospital (11 with ASD and 45 with PDA) were analyzed retrospectively. Results The age of 56 patients ranged from 5 months to 70 years. All 56 cases were treated with Amplatzer occlusion device guided by X-ray fluoroscopy and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). In the period of following-up postoperatively with 48 hours, one month, three months and six months, the implantation of Amplatzer in 56 cases was successful. The radiography right after implantation showed that there was slight remaining shunt in 18 cases (32.1%) and no remaining shunt in 38 cases (67.9%). After 48 hours, the total disappearance of remaining shunt was observed in 53 cases (94.6%) by echocardiography, and small amount of remaining shunt in only 3 cases (5.4%). However, there was one PDA patient complicated with hemolysis at postoperative 8 hours. The internal treatment was futile and Amplatzer was taken off. Conclusion The implantation of Amplatzer occlusion device in PDA and ASD patients is a safe, effective and non-surgical method with good clinical results.


Nowadays, one of the main treatments for cancer is cancer immunotherapy. This therapy boosts a patient's immune system to fight cancer. A recent study attempts to help more patients benefit from this therapy, by engineering a probiotic to boost the effect of cancer immunotherapy.


Diluted magnetic semiconductors, and particularly (Ga,Mn)As, have been the subject of considerable debate regarding the nature of the interplay between their electronic and magnetic properties. Here, we review the recent insights and advances offered by synchrotron-based x-ray spectroscopies studies of these materials, with a particular focus on x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Such measurements offer a combined probe of the element-specific magnetic order and the local densities of states, revealing detailed information about the hybridization of diluted magnetic ions and the host crystal.


Seven cases occurred in which there was an association in time between the institution of diazepam therapy and the onset of suicidal thoughts and tendencies, which tended to be concealed by patients who were at the time receiving psychiatric treatment. An additional patient demonstrated deepening of depression while receiving diazepam. Physicians should consider the possible adverse depressive effect of diazepam when prescribing it as an antianxiety agent.


This study examined the effects on judgments of fund value depending on the order of yearly proportional value changes over 10 years. Further it examined the willingness to keep capital invested in ...


Objectives: This study aimed to make a broad review of the chemical constituents and biological activities of genus Zygophyllum. Methods: This review covers the peer reviewed articles between 1977 and August, 2018, retrieved from PubMed, Science Direct, Sci-Hub, Springer and Wikipedia Results: In traditional medicine, plants of genus Zygophyllum have been employed and utilized as anti-rheumatic, anti-gout, antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, antihypertensive, antiseptic, anti-eczema and antidiarrheal. Zygophyllum species have been phytochemically studied leading to the identification of various classes of compounds including triterpenes, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, simple phenolic compounds, and esters. Biological studies on Zygophyllum species have also indicated various bioactive potentials including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects. The reported medicinal Zygophyllum species were selected and summarized on basis of their; geographical distribution, traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities. Conclusion: It would therefore be important to extensively investigate their phytochemicals and pharmacologically determine their activities for future drug discovery and development.


"According to a long-standing Christian tradition relating to oppression, a particular tyrant or a particular tyrannical regime 'forfeits the moral right to govern and the people acquire the right to resist.' And this is the state of affairs in today's South Africa… Radical South African liberation thinking-praxis goes much farther than the non-revolutionist Social Gospel tendencies of much American black liberation thinking."


RADM RODNEY P. REMPT graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1966 and holds master's degrees in systems analysis from Stanford University and security and strategic studies from the Naval War College. His commands at sea have included USS Antelope, Callaghan, and Bunker Hill. He also served as Anti-Air Warfare Commander for the Seventh Fleet and led the Midway Battle Group in winning the Fleet AAW Award from among the nine Battle Groups deploying to WESTPAC in 1989.


Abstract Several studies employing the experimental task of click localization have lead to the hypothesis that syntactic structure units are the primary units in sentence perception. Studies involving reaction time to clicks in speech imply a modification of this hypothesis: That the initial perceptual unit is a phonologically defined phrase.


Crisis and economic reforms have changed the status of intellectuals and their relations with dominant elites and policy makers. Because of the technical and ideological nature of these reforms, policy makers have tended to rely on intellectuals as opposed to bureaucrats to shape the agenda of change. This has converted a large number of intellectuals into technocrats and undermined the fabric of academic life in universities. Nowhere is this more pronounced than in developing countries with a large middle class and an economic or financial base that ensures some degree of independence from the multilateral financial institutions. Understanding the success or failure of economic reforms in developing countries requires some analysis of the complex relations between technocrats and political leaders and the societal constraints both sets of actors face. This article explores these issues in the context of Nigeria, whose academic community, bureaucrats and professionals grew in leaps and bounds in the 1970s, following an oil-induced boom. The crisis of the 1980s led to attempts at economic reform and a highly programmed strategy of political change in which academics played a leading role. The article examines the effectiveness of intellectuals in government, and compares the Nigeria case with technocratic experiments in Ghana, Botswana and Cote dIvoire.


This chapter provides some historical background to the development of HIV disease-staging and classification systems. The illness (AIDS) was described before the discovery of HIV, the causative agent. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) devised a classification system, revised in 1993, based on clinical features, AIDS-defining illnesses, and CD4 counts. The revised WHO Clinical Staging of HIV/AIDS for Adults and Adolescents is based on clinical progression, and is used in 3rd world countries and as a research tool. This chapter provides description of the natural history of untreated HIV infection. Without treatment, HIV is invariably fatal, but the course is variable depending on CD4 count, host factors, and the development of conditions such as opportunistic infections and malignancies.


I thank the author for the letter "Moderate to severe ischemic mitral regurgitation: More data to guide the choice. Why not consider the use of subvalvular repair?" [1]. As presented in the original article "Long-term outcomes of mitral valve annuloplasty versus subvalvular sparing replacement for severe ischemic mitral regurgitation" [2], ring annuloplasty (RA) was performed without subvalvular repair, which was in according with the practice guidelines [3]. In addition, it was found that compared with the mitral valve replacement group, the incidence of mitral regurgitation recurrence was significantly higher in the RA group (p < 0.001) [3]. Ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) is frequently associated with myocardial infarction. With the dilatation of the ventricle, the papillary muscles are displaced, and the leaflets are pulled downward and laterally. In the most frequent inferior infarction, this leaflet tethering is observed in the area of the posteromedial commissure. What is more, the annulus dilates secondarily to both the dilatation of the ventricle and the MR, which enters a vicious cycle [3, 4, 5]. According to practice guidelines, mitral valve (MV) repair with an undersized complete rigid annuloplasty ring may be considered in patient with severe ischemic MR who remain symptomatic despite guideline directed medical and cardiac device therapy and who do not have a basal aneurysm/dyskinesis, significant leaflet tethering, or severe left ventricular enlargement (COR IIb, LOE B) [3]. Though there are different kinds of techniques for MV repair, such as annuloplasty and subannular repair [4, 6–9], guidelines do not specifically point out which of the currently available valve repair approaches are superior. In accordance with practice guidelines, the technique of RA was easy-to-accomplish, effective and safe, it is also common at the documented center, these results are shown in a retrospective study [2]. According to the Alain Carpentier functional classification, MR of type I is characterized by annular dilation, while type IIIb is characterized by restricted motion of the leaflets because of tethering [8, 10]. As documented in the results of recent studies, both of type I and type IIIb are common for ischemic MR, and ischemic MR is a secondary pathology where the underlying mechanism is not eradicated by either subannular repair or RA alone [4, 5]. Undersized RA. Undersized RA is designed to correct MR of type I. Although it is perhaps less technically challenging and associated with lower shortterm complication rates, the high rate of recurrent MR after repair attenuates the potential benefit of RA. Several studies have suggested that posterior leaflet tethering after undersized RA is the main underlying mechanism associated with MR recurrence [7, 10]. Capoulade et al. [10] concluded that left ventricular ring mismatch was associated with significant recurrent MR in patients after undersized RA. Subannular repair. Because misalignment of the papillary muscles appears to be the main problem, techniques directed at papillary muscle realignment have been suggested, and two techniques are available in the literature.


Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that is characterized by the lack of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, and epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Therefore, there is an absence of a specific target for effective therapy in TNBC. Cisplatin is usually employed as a first-line chemotherapy agent for patients with TNBC. However, resistance remains an obstacle for cisplatin-based chemotherapy, due to its elusive underlying mechanism. Previously, abnormal expression of Islet 1 (ISL1) was demonstrated to be closely associated with cancer development and progression. The present study revealed that (ISL1) was significantly upregulated in TNBC tissues in comparison with adjacent normal tissues. Overexpression of ISL1 markedly promoted the proliferation and invasion of the TNBC MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines, while knockdown of ISL1 inhibited cell invasion and proliferation in these cell lines. In addition, overexpression of ISL1 reversed cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis, while knockdown of ISL1 enhanced apoptosis following cisplatin treatment in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Furthermore, the levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins, phosphorylated-protein kinase B and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), were significantly decreased, while the levels of the pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2-associated X protein were remarkably increased in response to cisplatin treatment. The present study revealed that ISL1 overexpression reversed the protein expression profile of p-Akt, Bcl-2 and Bax, while ISL1 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis. Therefore, the data of the present study demonstrated that ISL1 contributes to TNBC progression and reverses cell sensitivity towards cisplatin in TNBC cells, suggesting that ISL1 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of TNBC.


Transfers and introduc tions of marine species have occurred and are occurring on a worldwide basis, larf?ely in response to perceived needs of expand ing aquaculture industries. Greatest inter est is in salmon (cage rearing and ocean ranching), shrimp, and bivalve mollusks, although other organisms are being con sidered. Such movements of animals carry an associated risk ofmoving pathogens into areas where they did not occur previously, possibly resulting in infections in native spe cies. Many case histories of the effects of introduced pathogens and parasites now exist-enough to suggest that national and international action is necessary. Viral pathogens of shrimp and salmon, as well as protozoan parasites of mollusks and nematode parasites of eels, have entered complex "transfer networks" developed by humans, and have been transported glo bally with their hosts in several well-docu mented instances. Examining the records of transfers and introductions of marine species, incomplete as they are, permits the statement ofemerging principles-foremost of which is that severe disease outbreaks can result from inadequately controlled or uncontrolled movements ofmarine animals. 54(3),1993 CARL J. SINDERMANN 3) Those related to the introduction of pathogens not endemic to the re ceiving area. Of these concerns, much attention has been directed to the third-disease and its implications in introductions. This is entirely logical, since disease may have profound effects on popula tions, especially those of economic value, and since some marine disease problems have proven to be remark ably intractable for extended periods. In this paper I consider several case histories that illustrate emerging con cepts about introduced diseases and then offer recommendations to reduce the risks of disease when marine ani mals are inserted into new environ ments by human acts. The case histo ries discussed are: 1) Viral diseases of shrimp, 2) viral diseases of salmon, 3) rickettsial disease of coho salmon, 4) oyster diseases, 5) Perkinsus (proto zoan) disease of bay scallops, and 6) eel nematodes. Viral Diseases of Shrimp Growing worldwide interest in penaeid shrimp culture has led to ex tensive transfers and introductions of species with desirable culture charac teristics. Six lethal viral pathogens have been recognized. Of these, IHHNV (in fectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus) is one of the most seri ous. This highly lethal pathogen poses a serious threat to shrimp culture (Lightner et aI., 1983a; Bell and Lightner, 1983, 1984). Found in cul tured Penaeus stylirostris, P. monodon, P. japonicus, and P. vannamei, and in wild-caught P. monodon brood stock in Southeast Asia (Lightner et aI., 1989), it has been introduced into aquaculture facilities in Hawaii, Florida, Texas, Tahiti, Philippines, Guam, and elsewhere. Penaeus stylirostris is especially susceptible, and extensive mortalities from IHHNV in fections have been reported. Penaeus vannamei harbors subacute infections that may cause stunting (Kalagayan et aI., 1991). Experimental infections with IHHNV have been achieved in P. setiferus, P. aztecus, and P. duorarum. IHHNV disease was first recognized in 1981 in Hawaiian shrimp culture fa cilities rearing P. stylirostris introduced from Panama (Lightner et aI., 1983b). Soon after, the role of P. vannamei as a carrier of the virus was recognized. The virus can be observed in juveniles and adults, where its effects are found, but not in larvae or postlarvae. Of major concern is the possibility of infection of native populations by the introduced pathogen, even though there is yet no definitive evidence demonstrating that this has happened. Strict quarantine of imports is extremely important, as is care in selection of IHHNV-free sources of brood stock. The most recent event in the con tinuing shrimp virus story is the spread, in 1989 and 1990, of IHHNV to the developing shrimp aquaculture indus try of northwest Mexico, with conse quent major production losses (Lightner et aI., 1992). Some appreciation for the extent of the viral problem in shrimp can be seen by examining the movement of stocks during the past two decades from cen ters of research and commercial devel opment in Hawaii, Tahiti, Panama, Ja pan, and elsewhere. Such extensive movements create a transfer network, often operating without adequate dis ease inspection. IHHNV and other vi ruses have already entered this network


Parallel‐coupled muffler designs incorporating lengths of perforated tubing, such as concentric tube resonators (bean cans) and expansion chambers with perforated tubes extending into the chamber, cannot be modeled by traditional methods. In a recent paper, [J. W. Sullivan and M. J. Crocker, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, S123(A) (1976)] a closed form solution for the transmission loss of a concentric tube resonator was presented, but the solution was restricted to the perforate having a constant specific impedance along the length of the tube. If the perforate impedance should vary along the tube either by design or by nonlinear effects a closed form solution is no longer possible and it then becomes necessary to resort to an approximate solution. One such solution is presented in which the tube and its backing volume are subdivided into discrete elements (slices) each described by a 4 × 4 transmission matrix. The advantages and disadvantages of this rather simple method compared with finite difference or finit...


Complex computational problems arising in control systems that employ digital signal processing for control tasks such as precision motion control, real-time processing of sensor data and machine vision are tedious, requiring significant amounts of calculation of mathematical functions. In addition, such problems need to be solved in a strictly limited time, so the mathematical computations must be optimized for speed. One of the most important operations performed by such systems is the reconstruction of digital signals. Traditionally, in high-end applications, this is done using advanced interpolation techniques. The computation-intensive requirements of such applications require the formulation of the interpolation problem in a way that is efficient for computer execution. However, the choice of interpolation technique is not always straight-forward, as it depends on the nature and size of the problem. The present paper undertakes analytical study of the common interpolation techniques and synthesizes corresponding algorithms for computing them. A comparative analysis of the various interpolation methods provides an accessible means for selecting the most suitable algorithm for a given problem.


Intellectual disability (ID) is a condition characterized by defective adaptive and cognitive attitude that can occur with various mental disorders, such as attention deficit/hyperactivity and autism spectrum disorder. It may also be associated with malformation syndromes affecting other organs. Genetic studies have linked several chromatin-modifying enzymes and epigenetic regulators to ID disorders (IDDs). This review explores how dysfunction in histone modifiers, chromatin remodelers, and methyl-DNA binding proteins can cause neurodevelopmental deformities and alter brain plasticity. The use of mouse models generated through human genetics has allowed researchers to uncover the molecular basis of ID and explore potential therapeutic strategies. Understanding the chromatin regulators associated with IDDs has broader implications for treating other IDDs, as they target common downstream genes and cellular functions. Investigating these disorders can also shed light on the function of chromatin regulators in brain growth, plasticity, and gene regulation, leading to new insights into fundamental questions in neurobiology.


OBJECTIVE
To know the etiological factors of cerebral palsy (CP) incident during pregnancy and neonatal/perinatal periods. To know evolution of a child with a CP diagnosis.

PATIENTS, MATERIAL AND METHODS
Bibliographical review of paediatric and rehabilitation texts and databases in Internet. Elaboration of a data collecting questionnaire for reviewing clinical records of patients treated in Paediatric Rehabilitation between 1996 and 2000.

RESULTS
250 patients records reviewed. Most frequent illnesses during pregnancy: first twelve weeks haemorrhages: 17.9% and diabetes 8.4%. Child birth: preterm births 32%, cephalic presentation 78.8%, caesarean operations 32%. Mean birth weight 2,714 g, low birth weight babies 27.2%. Needed hospitalary treatment 48%. Mean time in incubator: 46 days among preterm and 26.6 among full term. Mean time in intensive care units: 44.4 days among preterm and 22.7 among full term. Associated diagnoses: CRP 8%, birth asphyxia 24%, neonatal jaundice 27.2%, neonatal respiratory distress 24%, neonatal sepsis 10%, congenital cardiological illnesses 2.4%, dismorphia 2.4%, epilepsy in 40%. Diagnostic imaging: atrophy 38.8%, hydrocephalus 29.4%, ischemia 14.9%, haemorrhage 11.6%. No findings in 23.8%. Children were sent to Paediatric Rehabilitation at mean age of 8 months. Most frequent disorders: spastic quadriplegia (36.1%) spastic diplegia (26.5%) and hemiplegia (17%). Mental retardation 55%. School attendance 81.2%. CP postnatal in 5.2%.

CONCLUSIONS
Incidence of CP (2.5/1,000 alive new born) hardly avoidable for persistent rates of prematurity and complications in child births. Good quality of life and survival until adult ages.


Massive sulfide ore deposit is a very important copper deposit type in west of Kunlun. In order to probe into its regional metallogenetic condition and process. the authors made detailed field inspecting and collected many samples. Based on the abundant information from rockmineral identifying, PbS isotope measuring data, main element content analysis of ores and adjoining rock in the Shangqihan deposit, We regarded that Shangqihan is one part of ancient SubashiShangqihan island, contained spilitekeratophyre rocks,which supplied metal element for massive sulfide deposit. The region have great exploitation prospects to find some big scale massive sulfide type of layered copper polymetallic deposits. 


Several differences are revealed in the segmentation and setation of the antennule, maxillule, maxilliped and fifth legs between three genera of the family Metridinidae, Metridia, Pleuromamma, and Gaussia. The phylogenetic relationships are cladistically analyzed on the basis of 10 morphological characters. The cladogram shows that Gaussia and Pleuromamma form a sister group, with Metridia which is the first branch to diverge within the family. The presence of quadritheks on the male antennules of Metridia and Pleuromamma seems to be an important synapomorphy. The loss of quadritheks an Gaussia represents likely evidence of a character reversal into the ancestral condition.


Abstract We estimated annual survival rates (S) of 23 radio-marked Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) at the Quartz and Timbered Rock burns and adjacent areas in southwest Oregon. We used known-fate models in program MARK to test for differences in survival among three groups (owls dwelling inside of burned areas, owls displaced by wildfire, and owls dwelling outside of burned areas) and to investigate the potential effects of fire severity and cover type on survival. We found that annual survival rates of Spotted Owls that maintained a territory within the burn perimeter (Ŝ = 0.69 ± 0.12) or that had been displaced by the burn (Ŝ = 0.66 ± 0.14) were lower than those of owls that had territories outside but adjacent to the burn perimeter (Ŝ = 0.85 ± 0.06). This result indicated that wildfire had a negative impact on Spotted Owl survival, at least in the short-term (i.e., 3–5 yr postburn). We were unable to identify a significant effect of fire severity or quantity of habitat on Spotted Owl survival, but this inability was likely related to our small sample size and high variability in habitat composition. We recommend long-term monitoring of survival on larger samples of owls to identify the effects of fire severity and habitat on Spotted Owl survival and to determine if wildfire poses a significant threat to the long-term persistence of Spotted Owls.


We provide a new and significantly shorter optimality proof of recent quantified Tauberian theorems, both in the setting of vector-valued functions and of $C_0$-semigroups, and in fact our results are also more general than those currently available in the literature. Our approach relies on a novel application of the open mapping theorem combined with a recent result about the existence of non-trivial analytic functions exhibiting rapid decay along strips.


What are libraries really about? If libraries and librarians cannot compete with information technology giants like Google, how can they remain relevant to their communities of users? Crowley explores ways to understand how the general public and students view libraries. Bluntly stated, there is no longer any way that librarians and trustees can convince residents of local communities and members of college and university campuses that libraries are their primary information source. Given this reality, Crowley introduces the concept of lifecycle librarianship, offering a useful way of considering library roles and securing the necessary human and financial resources to carry them through. This presentation will encourage realistic and original thinking about the future of libraries and professional librarianship by redefining their primary roles from information suppliers to education providers and self-learning facilitators.


In this comparative study we benchmark a recently developed nonadiabatic exchange-correlation potential within time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 157701 (2018)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.120.157701] by (a) validating the transient dynamics using a numerically exact density-matrix renormalization-group approach as well as by (b) comparing the RC time, a typical linear-response quantity, to up to second-order perturbation theory results. As a test bed we use the dynamics of the single-impurity Anderson model. These benchmarks show that the nonadiabatic potential yields quantitatively accurate results for the transient dynamics for temperatures of the order of the hybridization strength, while the TDDFT RC times quantitatively agree with those from second-order perturbation theory for temperatures which are large compared to the hybridization strength. Both results are particularly intriguing given the relatively low numerical cost of a TDDFT calculation.


upright man. "4 The inner frame is that surrounding the discussion between Socrates and his students regarding the immortality of the soul. This inner frame begins with the arrival of the students and ends with the death of Socrates. The discussion itself only starts in earnest at the beginning of this inner frame, after Cebes relays Evenus's questions to Socrates about the lyrics Socrates has reportedly been composing. This prompts Socrates to discuss his recurring dream and why he has acted on it, which then leads to consideration of life, death and the immortality of the soul.


This paper discusses the development of new control method using artificial neural network model for the optimum operation of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) connected to AC grid. The hybrid system consists of wind generator (WG), diesel generator (DG), and flywheel energy storage system (FESS). The system is based on permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) which are controlled by sliding mode control, according to type of subsystems. An artificial neural networking supervisor control is designed to determine the energy transfer type of flywheel energy storage system (charging / discharging / no transfer of energy), and to take decision on diesel generators ON/OFF status, these two parameters are used to simplify the control mode of these subsystems. The supervisor inputs are the difference between the reference power of hybrid renewable energy system and the power generated by wind generator, and the energy stored in flywheel. The objectives of the supervisor are to satisfy the hybrid system reference power (power requested by AC network), to manage the energy transfer between hybrid system and AC grid, to optimize the use of wind energy, and to reduce fuel of diesel generator. The ANN testing and the system simulation give encouraging results such as power requested is satisfied.


This book deals with the place of the source document Q and its compilers within late Second Temple Judaism, with special attention to Q's relationship to the Herodian Temple. The investigation of this perspective is fraught with problems because the passages that are associated with the Temple in Q do not speak with the same voice, raising the question of how to reconcile the seemingly positive view with the rather more hostile views. Using a comparative approach, Han analyses the essential differences in the two types of positions, and concludes that the negative attitude is original, while the positive position is due to a later redaction after the First Revolt and the destruction of the Temple.


Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been associated with increased risk of subsequent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Evidence from magnetic resonance imaging studies shows that neurodegenerative changes are already present years before dementia and thus, examining brain changes in SCD may contribute to identify potential biomarkers at an early stage of Alzheimer's disease.


In the process of the recognition of metal label characters, the characters often have broken gaps, which bring troubles to the next process. In this paper, a novel method is developed which is based on the characters structural features and the previous statistic information, and this method bridges the gap effectively. As the experiments show, using this method the reconstructed characterpsilas skeleton is smooth and structure is complete, which meets the needs of the next feature extraction.


A perovskite-like layer-structured compound, Ce2Ti2O7, was prepared in the argon atmosphere using solid reaction process. Single phase and dense Ce2Ti2O7 ceramic was fabricated by high-pressure sintering at 4 GPa and 1100°C. This compound is unstable in oxygen/air when temperature is above 400°C, but it is stable under argon/vacuum. Differential scanning calorimetry result shown Ce2Ti2O7 has a phase transition at 1073°C, which might be the Curie point. The ferroelectricity of Ce2Ti2O7 was confirmed by the piezoelectric activity after poling (d33 = 0.4 ± 0.2 pC/N) for the first time.


Literary works contain a lot of meanings and purposes. Those meanings and purposes are addressed to readers. Readers become an important aspect of literature since literature will never speak if it is not read by readers. "The Lottery" written by Shirley Jackson was chosen to investigate readers' interpretation toward texts. Then, the objectives of the research are i) to identify psychology graduate students' responses and determinants analyses of violence which happens in the text, ii) to analyze readers' solutions offered toward violence as a community tradition which exists in the story and reader are set as the outer part of the society, iii) to reveal readers' roles and criticism to the violence which exists in the story and readers are placed as the part of the society, iv) to investigate readers' steps to come into judgment to the core issue which exists in the story.
The research employs qualitative research method. The subject of the research is readers' responses toward violence happening in the society that is reflected in "The Lottery". The research is focused on the problem of public violence in 'The Lottery' and well-educated people's response about it. Data were collected by conducting interview to the respondents, grouping and sorting the interview result. The results of this study are: i) Respondents of this research comment that the story of the text is good and special. They also argue that violence happening in the story brings harm to the community members, and it is caused by some determinants, as follows: natural instinct, cultural influence and environment provocation. ii) As the outer members of the community, respondents propose some ways to reduce violence similar to the violence portrayed in the text, as follows: stimulating community awareness and education campaign. iii) Respondents also situate themselves as the members of the community who commits public violence similar to that in the text. Respondents give some steps of reducing violence, as follows: accommodating themselves as agent of change and proposing catharsis as violent reducing. iv) Readers require some steps to come into judgment toward violence happening in the story by searching the meaning of the text, making interaction to the text and the interviewer, correlating their response and the reality, and assimilating themselves into different situations.


According to the urban ecological competitiveness index system from the four aspects of environment, resources, economy and society, we established the urban ecological competitiveness index system of Hefei, analysed each index and evaluated the ecological competitiveness.


Objective: To evaluate the effect of a miniaturized extracorporeal circulation system (MECC™System) compared to conventional extracorporeal circulation (ECC) regarding liver function in cardiac surgical patients. Methods: Double indicator dilution measurements were achieved by bolus injection of indocyanine green (ICG) for assessment of cardiac index (CI) and plasma disappearance rate of ICG (PDRig). Measurements were simultaneously performed preoperatively after induction of anaesthesia (T1), following admission on the ICU (T2) and 6 h postoperatively (T3). Results: CI and PDRig were markedly increased after cardiac surgery without significant differences between groups. The percentage increase in CI was significantly correlated to the percentage increase in PDRig in both groups. Conclusion: Liver function improved after cardiac surgery in both groups of patients, which may partly be explained by an increase in CI under mild inotrope support. Differences between the extracorporeal circuits with respect to PDRig appear to be minimal in a group of patients without pre-existing liver injury. Perfusion (2007) 22, 245—250.


The convergence of Euler's series (the power series of an inverse function) isestablished by majorant method. Moreover, we find that the sum of the coefficients of theseries has a close relation with the number of Schroder system with n element and theexact lower bound of convergence radius of Euler's series can be derived from the value ofconvergence radius of the corresponding exponential generating function.


A large number of artificial or natural vegetation grow on the both sides of expressway, which play an important role in automobile gas purification and environmental protection. With the development of transportation, more and more reconstruction and extension projects spread up all over the country. However, those valuable biological resources are usually handled by rough means, which cause a waste of resources and damage of environment. Based on this, this paper intends to carry out roadside vegetation protection research in combination with the actual reconstruction and extension project of expressway. Evaluations of the roadside vegetation value are discussed and proposed. Results could provide reference for the roadside vegetation protection for reconstruction and extension project of expressway.