Estimation of heterosis is very important to spot out the promising hybrid combinations for commercial exploitation of heterosis and to identify the best segregants to develop varieties. The objective of this study was to estimate the heterosis of all types i.e. mid parantal heterosis, heterobeltoisis and standard heterosis for yield contributing parameters. Nine genotypes and 20 F1 hybrids developed by crossing the parental genotypes in L x T design were sown in a randomized complete block design along with RCH 659 as standard check. It was observed that the line × tester interactions made greater contribution to the total variance for yield and its attributes. Proportional contribution of lines to total variance was very low for all the traits, while testers also followed similar pattern and contributed a minimum to the total variance. However, maximum variance was extended by line x tester interaction for all the yield contributing traits studied. Out of 20 hybrids, the cross combinations namely, TCH1716 × L 765, TCH1716 × L 766, GSHV179 × L 765 and F 2453 × L 766 were accompanied by significant and positive heterosis for number of bolls per plant, boll weight, number of sympodia per plant and lint index besides seed cotton yield per plant. It indicated larger scope for heterosis breeding for commercial exploitation of heterosis. The crosses that shown desirable heterosis over standard check can be advanced for isolation of improved lines for different yield contributing traits.


Baylisascaris procyonis is a type of intestinal roundworm that may infect the Central Nervous System (CNS) resulting in severe and lasting neurologic symptoms


SUMMARY A new kinematic model, based on the Trishear model, has been developed to simulate fault-propagation folding in ductile, clay-rich strata between two propagating faults, a process which often leads to the development of clay smears which can cause the fault to seal. The new model is used to determine the amount fault throw required for the continuous clay smears to break down, normalised to the bed thickness (this ratio is often known as the critical clay smear factor or CCSF). We find that the maximum length of continuous clay smear is primarily dependent on the position of the clay-rich bed in the stratigraphy, and the rate of propagation of the faults. The thickness of the clay-rich bed, the horizontal offset of the two propagating faults and the width of the fault-propagation folds have much less impact on the maximum length of continuous clay smear.


Aerobic exercises are those that relate to the use of oxygen and metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle. At low intensities, free fatty acids are mobilized from the periphery to the supply of most of the substrate, helping maintain the balance of fats. However, intermittent high-intensity exercise resulted in a higher reduction of skinfold thickness. The results were statistically analyzed using the nonparametric McNemar test (paired observations) for comparisons between seasons (pre and post) with significance taken at 5%. The aim of this study was to compare efficacy of two training methods in reducing body fat of 20 males, aged 27.75 ± 4.25 years. Although the protocols have reduced the positive variables, the tests performed at high intensity and intermittently obtained better results in all parameters compared with aerobic exercises for mild to moderate and long duration.


Background and Aim:  To evaluate the evidence comparing radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical resection (RES) on the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using meta‐analytical techniques.


Becton, Dickinson and Company (BD) will acquire CareFusion for $12.2 billion in cash and stock, making it a global leader in medication management and patient safety solutions.


Abstract In recent years, China has actively promoted the construction of first-class universities and disciplines of the world ('Double First-Class'), and built a new model of university development to solve Chinese problems and support high-quality economic and social development. In the context of China's efforts to promote the construction of new engineering, new medicine, new agriculture, and new liberal arts (referred to as the 'four new' disciplines), these disciplines are developing rapidly. As a specialty dealing with major life issues, medical education has become increasingly prominent. To enhance the comprehensive strength of universities, corresponding to the 'four new' disciplines strategy, engineering universities are building and developing medical specialties one after another. At present, the greatest problem in the medical specialty of engineering universities is the tendency to blindly follow trends and integrate new concepts with traditional methods. However, to date, the integration of medical and nonmedical specialties has been superficial and thus has not been successful. To address this problem, this paper, guided by the policies aimed at developing the 'four new' disciplines, analyses the current situation of traditional medicine education and professional development in engineering universities and proposes measures to enhance the competitiveness of new medicine in engineering universities, thereby promoting the development of universities. KEY MESSAGES The implementation of the 'four new' disciplines is a strategic choice for higher education. Engineering technology is an efficient path and hands-on approach to solving medical problems. Interdisciplinary and comprehensive educational approaches play an important role in the development of medical science.


principles are difficult to apply in concrete detail. Their supposed precision often becomes murky when practical deci sions are required. However, this is not a special fault of Jesus' utterances but is a fact of moral life, that is, that no principle applies easily and universally without requiring difficult deci sions. This does not render general rules and principles useless, 1. Matt. 22:21 (King James Version). This content downloaded from 18.104.22.168 on Mon, 01 Aug 2016 05:58:20 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 272 JOURNAL OF CHURCH AND STATE but it does mean that the enunciation of general principles is only the beginning of the human decision process. In this case in particular, how does Jesus' neat division of the alfairs of Caesar and the affairs of God help with the question of whether there can be a legitimate Christian resort to violence to achieve change or whether it is ruled out? Quite often this say ing of Jesus is appealed to in order to argue for a rigid separa tion, which makes Christianity purely a thing of the spirit, to be conducted in isolation from the mundane matters which Chris tians are sometimes advised to avoid. Religion becomes an inte rior, spiritual matter, leaving the affairs of state overtly unaffected. In contrast, this writer argues the reverse, that in fact this important saying can be interpreted otherwise and leaves Christians free in the practical world. This can be done with one crucial provision: Christians cannot appeal to Jesus or to religious principles to justify their political/public activity. Each person must accept responsibility and justify his or her ac tions on his or her own. Although to say this may seem to compartmentalize religion, if seen in another way it actually authorizes any activity the in dividual may wish to undertake. It is just that he or she must take the responsibility for what is done. Nor does it claim that religion, particularly Christianity, is purely an internal, spiritual affair with no external applications. It simply affirms that if you feel compassion for those who are poor or suffering, this princi ple requires action on your part; you must undertake what you deem necessary without putting responsibility off on other's shoulders, particularly on Jesus's. Jesus clearly did not use vio lence and seems to have preached against its use. If you think that violence is now needed to release human beings from their suffering bonds, fine, but the means you adopt are your choice and the consequences are on your shoulders. Of course, most liberation theologians want to analyze Christian texts and tradi tions so that they justify their actions, even violence. Instead, God places all justification on our shoulders. Any argument that seems to imply that all Christians must or should support some one program of action cannot be justified in the long run. No argument within Christianity has received or can receive unanimous approval as expressing what all Chris tians must believe or do. This does not mean that all arguments claiming Christian support are equally valid, but it does mean that it is dangerous to try to fix one "Christian position" as bind ing on all. Intra-Christian differences have not ceased to exist This content downloaded from 220.127.116.11 on Mon, 01 Aug 2016 05:58:20 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms LIBERATION THEOLOGY AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE 273 and the only sense in which agreement might be attained would be if Christians ceased attempting to force some single form or program. Diversity may be Christianity's essence. If this could be accepted as fact, it might deter destructive arguments that make Christians appear headed toward unity but in fact pro mote division. One can live in South Africa and claim justification for one's racial views, although never without dispute, since on this thesis neither God nor Jesus enjoins any one program. However, the stress on love and the love of enemies is so central that one does need to reconcile any particular outlook with that theme of Christianity. The medieval who asserted the divine right of kings is as much at fault as the revolutionary who argues that Jesus offers liberation in a way that authorizes violence, if its use proves necessary to break "the ties that bind" persons in debilitating life styles. Surely Jesus not only did not resort to violence himself but in fact seems to have opposed it. Yet even that fact does not prevent the dedicated Christian from arguing for the necessity of violence as a means, if he or she is convinced that it is the only way to relax oppressive structure. One central problem with this interpretation will be spotted quickly both by dedicated revolutionaries and Christians who want liberation theology to result in social change. That is, ef fective liberation and revolutionary movements need unified support. To have the effectiveness needed dedication is re quired; they cannot simply sink into an "each do as one pleases" attitude. Effective revolutionary action is of necessity intolerant where any opposition to the new program is concerned. The classical liberal tolerance for diversity in viewpoints is not a vir tue that breeds success for revolutionary or liberation move ments. Such actions have not only often been intolerant of opposing views but have in fact come out of the viewpoint that the destruction of the opposition is a prime requirement for


This study investigated the effect of mechanical infection control for periodontitis and periodontal surgery on the prevalence of well-established risk factors for atherosclerosis, and plasma levels of cytokines, antibodies against heat shock proteins and markers of systemic inflammation. Sixty-eight patients between 39 and 73 years of age with severe periodontitis who had been referred to four specialist periodontology clinics in Sweden were investigated. A fasting venous blood sample was taken at baseline and additional samples were collected after 3 and 12 months. A total of 54 patients underwent periodontal treatment. The periodontal treatment was successful, as pathogenic gingival pockets decreased significantly. Plasma glucose, lipids and markers of systemic inflammation were not significantly altered after 3 months. eriodontitis isk factors reatment One year after the initial treatment, HDL-C concentrations were significantly increased ( 0.08 mmol/L) whereas LDL-C concentrations decreased ( 0.23 mmol/L). Haptoglobin concentrations were also lower. Interleukin-18 and interferonlevels were also lower after 12 months (60 ng/L (−23%) and 11 ng/L (−97%) respectively). Treatment had no effect on plasma levels of IgA, IgG1, IgG2 antibodies against heat shock proteins. In conclusion, this study indicates that standard treatment for periodontal disease induces systemic mica changes in several bioche


Neuroimaging techniques have been used extensively to compare brain structure and function between patients with, or at risk of, depression and control subjects. The goal of this work has largely been to identify pathophysiological processes in depression. However, progress in this field has been limited by the heterogeneity of patient populations, the use of small sample sizes, and an overreliance on case-control studies. These limitations have increasingly been acknowledged with recent work collecting much larger samples and employing a variety of study designs, including those able to stratify patient populations. This chapter reviews imaging studies in depression, highlighting both outstanding questions and promising recent findings.


A Delphi study conducted in Israel during 1998-2000 examined the views of library and information science (LIS) experts on the future of the profession in light of the changes in information technology. The study focused on three areas: (a) the transition from the traditional to the virtual library; (b) the transition from the technical to user-centered approach, and( c) the skills and the roles of the LIS professionals. The study found that most experts believe that the traditional library will continue to operate along with the virtual library. Most of the experts agree that in the future, libraries will place larger emphasis on customer services. LIS professionals will be specialists in locating, filtering, and evaluating information, and will be primary instructors in the use of new information technologies. This study's conclusions closely match those of the Kaliper project (1998-2000), which examined the change in the curricula of LIS schools.


A case study was conducted to investigate and quantify stabiliser fin-hull interaction using a combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics and physical model experiments. The fin-hull interaction was studied by comparing the lift and drag of a stabiliser fin in a free stream condition and when attached to a hull. The findings of this case study showed that using free stream fin characteristics to predict performance of a stabiliser fin fitted to the hull resulted in an over-prediction of drag by up to 46% and under-prediction of lift by up to 75% for the speeds and angle of attack analysed. These discrepancies are for this case study only and in practice will vary for different hull forms, fin types, fin location and angles of attack. However, the research highlights the limitations of using free stream fin characteristics to predict the performance of a fin fitted to a hull.


The need to build an efficient procurement system has been recognized as one of the main obstacles to the extension of the bioenergy industry. Transportation is a key component of that system, as it accounts for a significant portion of the delivered cost. One of the most critical factors affecting transportation cost is the interrelationship between feedstock sources and facility locations, including plant and off‐plant transfer / storage facilities. At the same time, biomass energy sustainability is sensitive to the performance of each component in the entire process. The main goal of this study is to build a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model that uses region‐specific data to minimize sustainable transportation costs. This consists of economic, environmental, and societal factors. The upstream air emissions as a result of residues collection at the forest, transloading, and transportation by truck or multimodally (truck and rail), which include greenhouse gases (GHG), particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), are calculated and included in the analysis. The model was tested on a case study that evaluated transportation costs for nine alternative plant locations in the state of Wisconsin. The results revealed that when equally weighed, external (social and environmental) costs accounted for a considerable portion of total transportation cost (approximately 26–37%). The study also shows that total upstream GHG and air emissions increased as the plant capacity increased, due to the longer transportation distances, but per unit emissions decreased. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd


The invention provides a pyrite mixed recycling method for a polycrystal system. A technology of deinhibiting and activating by novel combined activating agent, mixing and collecting by a sulfydryl combined collector, floatation by the combination of a floatation machine and a floatation column and floatation and magnetic separation combination is adopted for pyrite minerals with multiple distorted crystal systems and crystal lattices in flotation tailings of non-ferrous metal sulphide ore; high-grade sulfur concentrate is obtained; the mixed recycling of pyrite of the polycrystal system is ensured; the sulfur-containing level of tailings is reduced; the environment pollution is reduced; the comprehensive recycling rate of the pyrite resource is improved.


T he article by Hijmans et al. [1] in the current issue of Pediatric Blood and Cancer, notes that the ''most devastating complication of sickle-cell disease (SCD) is cerebral vascular infarction.'' Although stroke in SCD has been recognized for 80 years, the past three decades have seen an increasing number of reports describing the neuropsychological performance of children with SCD [2–4]. Over the same period, an improved, but still incomplete, understanding of the pathophysiology of SCD in the brain has been gained [5]. The association of stenosis or occlusion of large intracranial arteries and stroke was first demonstrated by cerebral angiography. Subsequently, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) screening has allowed identification of those with abnormally elevated cerebral artery flow velocities who are at very high risk for stroke and the dramatic reduction in the incidence of stroke through transfusion management [6]. Both overt strokes and cerebral silent infarcts on MRI of the brain are associated with cognitive deficits and diminished school performance [7]. Abnormalities in cerebral blood flow may be a common pathophysiologic factor for CNS injury [8], but our understanding of the incidence, pathophysiology, prognosis, and appropriate treatment of diminished neurocognitive performance remains limited. In the Hijmans study, 41 subjects, ages 6–18 years, with HbSS or HbSb-thalassemia were evaluated with a well-defined battery of tests to measure general intelligence (full-scale IQ), executive function, and visuo-motor function. Subjects were seen at a center in the Netherlands and were mostly low socio-economic status (SES) immigrants from western African and Surinam. Importantly, the investigators evaluated an ethnicly and SES-matched control group of healthy siblings of the tested cohort or of other patients with SCD who were receiving care at the same hospital. Among the subjects with SCD were 3 who had had an overt stroke and 6 who were receiving chronic transfusion. Major findings were that SCD was associated with markedly lower IQ scores (one-third had FSIQ <75), diminished visuo-motor function, and executive dysfunction, including deficits in sustained attention, planning, and visuo-spatial working memory. The study had several important strengths. First, SCD subjects were compared to a control group, unlike many investigations which have lacked appropriate controls. Secondly, the subjects represented a different and perhaps more globally heterogeneous group than the African-American population which typically has been examined. Thirdly, the neuropsychometric instruments utilized in the study were well defined and specifically targeted at executive and visuo-motor function, domains known to be particularly compromised in SCD [2,3]. The study also had significant limitations. First, it was unclear how the three patients who had experienced overt strokes influenced the overall results, since individual patient data was not included. It is possible that the mean FSIQ of 80, which was lower than typically reported for SCD patients, was influenced by inclusion of the stroke patients, who often have scores in the 70s or lower. On the other hand, an alleviating effect might have resulted from chronic transfusion in six patients, since the severity of anemia has an important negative influence on neuropsychometric performance [9]. Thirdly, as the authors acknowledge, the lack of MRI data prevented assessment of the role of silent cerebral infarcts on neuropsychological performance. Interestingly, a systematic literature review of 28 articles, published between 1991 and 2005, that related neuropsychological performance to neuroimaging findings in pediatric SCD [3] is available for comparison (Table I). With the caveat that there are broad differences in the sickle-cell populations examined and in the neurocognitive instruments utilized in the reported studies, there is relatively close concordance of the findings of Hijmans and those in the literature. Although a highly complex body of data may be oversimplified, it can be appreciated that SCD is associated with diminished full scale, performance and verbal IQ, executive function (particularly in sustained attention), and visuospatial memory, but that it does not clearly influence visuo-motor function. How can we improve understanding of the pathophysiologic factors leading to neuropsychological dysfunction in SCD? A comprehensive evaluation of the CNS should accompany assessment of neuropsychometric performance. Ideally, this evaluation would include: (1) standard MRI and MR angiography of the brain, (2) cerebral artery velocity measurement by TCD, (3) functional MRI evaluation, including measurement of cerebral blood flow if available [8], and (4) assessment of school achievement and attainment. A comparison population would be important, particularly for the assessment of school performance. When does neurocognitive dysfunction begin? Only recently studies have targeted very young children with SCD to determine the age of onset of neuropsychologic compromise and risk factors for its development. Although delayed neurodevelopment in preschool and kindergarten has been described in several studies [10], it is not clear whether this early compromise is related to


The aim of this study was to determine whether the new gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) criteria increase the prevalence of diabetes‐mellitus‐related stillbirths by using a regional population‐based approach.


Regulations all over the world have been pushing vehicle manufacturers to increase fuel economies and decrease green house gas emissions. An effective way to meet these new regulations is to reduce automobile weight through the use of lightweight metals. Magnesium alloys have received recent interest due to its high strength-to-weight ratio. However, conventional fusion joining methods such as resistance spot welding are not effective for magnesium alloys. As such, an attractive joining technique for these lightweight metals is self-pierce riveting (SPR) which is fast, fumeless and does not melt the material. However, SPR must be performed at elevated temperatures because of the low ductility of magnesium alloys at room temperature. Even though the SPR joining process has been established on magnesium alloys, this joining process is not optimized. As such, this study establishes the first attempt at simulating the SPR of magnesium alloys through the use of the finite element method. An internal state variable (ISV) plasticity and damage material model was employed and comparison to experimental results show good results. The results of this study show that the ISV material model is ideally suited for modeling the SPR in magnesium alloys.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


This paper describes the unsteady flow around a mechanical pectoral fin. An unsteady, multiblock, overlapping grid Navier-Stokes equation solver was developed to solve this problem. The drag-based swimming mode, which consists of rowing, flapping, and feathering motions, was selected as the fin motion. An unsteady flow past a fin body model that had the same motions was computed and compared with the experiments on the mechanical pectoral fin. The numerical timeaveraged and time-varied hydrodynamic forces were in good agreement with the measured data. In addition, the flow phenomenon around the fin was investigated from the flow visualization and computational results.


Respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of infectious disease morbidity and mortality in the world. Treatment therapy in respiratory tract infections consists of antibiotics and symptomatic treatment. The success of therapy is very dependent on the use of antibiotics in a rational way that is appropriate and wise. This study aims to determine the accuracy of the use of antibiotics outpatients respiratory tract infections in Sungai Abang Health Center, Tebo Regency with parameters that include the right indication of the drug, the right patient, the right dose of drug, and the drug interactions. This research is a descriptive observational study with descriptive analysis methods and retrospective data with samples including all patients suffering from outpatients respiratory tract infections in Sungai Abang Health Center in Tebo Regency in 2018 who met the inclusion criteria. Sampling in this study using a purposive sampling technique. The rationality of the use of antibiotics in outpatients respiratory tract infections in 2018 based on a qualitative analysis conducted at Sungai Abang Health Center in Tebo Regency, obtained a right indication of the drug at 81.73%, the right patient at 100%, the right dose of the drug at 92.31% and the incidence of antibiotic drug interactions by 13 events. Based on 104 data of medical records of patients in Sungai Abang Health Center, Tebo Regency in 2018 there was still an irrationality in the use of antibiotics.


The parser-generator yacc is one of the oldest examples of a domain-specic language, providing signicant enhancements over hand-coded parsers in the area of speed, eciency and maintainability. Despite its widespread use, often in highly complex systems such as compilers or program analysis tools, there is relatively little written about the integration of parsing, and yacc-based parsers in particular, into the software engineering process. We exploit software metrics as an aid toward estimating the complexity of preparing a grammar for the ISO C++ programming language for input to yacc. Our metrics provide a means of assessing the relative merits of the trade-o between preserving the grammar's structure and rearranging it to ease implementation of the resulting parser. We see this work as part of a larger process of designing well-engineered, re-usable and reliable program processors, which themselves will play an important role in the future design of code-based software-engineering tools.


Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder where patients suffer from memory loss, cognitive impairment and progressive disability. Individual blood biomarkers have not been successful in defining the disease pathology, progression and diagnosis of AD. There is a need to identify multiplex panels of blood biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD with high sensitivity and specificity. This study focused on identification of cytokine biomarkers. The maximum likelihood estimates of the ordinary logistic regression model cannot be obtained when there is complete separation and the alternative is Firth logistic regression which uses a penalised Maximum Likelihood in parameter estimation.
Methods: This paper reports a Firth logistic regression application in finding potential blood-based cytokine biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in a matched case control study. We used a principle component analysis to discriminate the correlated, completely separated covariates.
Results: The Firth logistic regression results showed that nine individual biomarkers IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-13, IP-10, MCP-1 and MIP-1α had a significant relationshipwith elevated risk for AD as compared to the healthy control (HC). Principal component analysis with varimax rotation for the nine biomarkers revealed four factors (total variance explained=85.5%). The main principal component biomarkers were IL-1β, IL-6, IL-13 and MCP-1 (total variance explained=62.3%). Firth's logistic regression model with the first principal component had accuracy of 78.2% with sensitivity and specificity of 71.8% and 75% respectively.
Conclusion: Firth's logistic regression is a useful technique in identification of significant biomarkers when there is an issue of data separation.


One of the main goals of language policy is considered to be the avoidance or management of language conflicts. In reality, however, language policy is an effective tool for achieving the unequal distribution of social goods and political capital. The Law of Ukraine "On Supporting the Function-ing of the Ukrainian Language as the State Language" was adopted on April 25, 2019. In this article we show how language policy can serve as a tool in the struggle for power and in the formation and reproduction of social inequalities through the law seemingly born to protect the Ukrainian lan-guage. In the article, we also show that in power struggles, language policy often does not serve to avoid conflicts over language, but on the contrary: it causes internal and external conflicts.


e23047 Background: Cancerous cells express a markedly different metabolic profile characterized by lactate production even when oxygen is plentiful. Lactate accumulation is a common marker for energy production and utilization, yet it is currently unclear how blood lactate responds during acute exercise to volitional fatigue in individuals with cancer and how this response is modified with exercise-based rehabilitation. The purpose of the current study is to assess the effect of an acute exercise bout to volitional fatigue on lactate accumulation before and after an exercise-based rehabilitation program for cancer survivors. Methods: 33 cancer survivors (female, n = 18; male, n = 15) were recruited to participate in a 12-week exercise-based rehabilitation program. All participants performed an initial assessment of physiological parameters, including blood lactate accumulation (LA) during a progressive treadmill protocol to volitional fatigue. LA was quantified every 2 minutes during treadmill testing via finger stick. The exercise intervention consisted of one hour sessions, three days per week, and included cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, balance, and flexibility exercises. After 12 weeks of rehabilitation, participants completed a follow-up evaluation of physiological parameters. Results: There was a significant increase in LA at volitional fatigue after 12 weeks of training (Initial: 6.17 ± 2.61 mM, Post 12 Weeks: 7.26 ± 2.10 mM; p = 0.04), with no significant difference in resting blood lactate. The workload at which anaerobic lactate threshold presented was significantly increased after 12 weeks (Initial: 5.87 ± 1.59 METs, Post 12 weeks: 7.35 ± 1.85 METs; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Cancer survivors respond to acute exercise to volitional fatigue in a manner similar to healthy controls. Furthermore, similar to the response observed in healthy populations, cancer survivors exhibited an increase in lactate threshold and an increase in peak lactate accumulation at volitional fatigue after completing an exercise-based rehabilitation program. Thus, although many cancerous cells have a unique glycolytic profile, this does not appear to influence training-induced adaptations in blood lactate.


National standards for the detection of hearing aids commonly used to GB / T 14199-2010 General specification electric acoustic hearing aids and GB / T 25102.100-2010 electric acoustic hearing aids- Part 0: Measurement, Detection need to focus on the magnitude of the electro-acoustic characteristics have frequency range, frequency, SPL, maximum SPL, SPL mean, mean sound pressure gain, harmonic distortion value, the current value of this were analyzed and summarized in this article, to rationalize the magnitude of the correlation detection relationships.


We implemented an initial application of a sentence-trimming approach (Trimmer) to the problem of multi-document summarization in the MSE2005 and DUC2005 tasks. Sentence trimming was incorporated into a feature-based summarization system, called MultiDocument Trimmer (MDT), by using sentence trimming as both a preprocessing stage and a feature for sentence ranking. We demonstrate that we were able to port Trimmer easily to this new problem. Although the direct impact of sentence trimming was minimal compared to other features used in the system, the interaction of the other features resulted in trimmed sentences accounting for nearly half of the selected summary sentences.


ICRC: The Astroparticle Physics Conference: The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July- 6 August, 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands


This paper presents a 2.4 GHz ultra-low power self-oscillating mixer (SOM) using a load tolerant Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). It consists of a double balanced switched transconductance mixer stacked on top of a PMOS LC-VCO. In this design the loading effect of the mixer section on the VCO is analyzed, and a load tolerant configuration is proposed. The simulation results of the circuit, implemented in 0.13 $\mu$m CMOS technology, show a conversion gain of 9 dB @ 5MHz with 600 $\mu$ W of power consumption, and a phase noise (PN) of-110.5dBc/Hz@1MHz. The SOM exhibits a single sideband noise Figure of 16 dB.


AIM:To study the inhibitory effect of VEGF-C/Flt-4 system on lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer. METHODS: Lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) were cultured in vitro, the effects of VEGF-C and anti-Flt-4 antibody on the proliferation of treated cells were observed. The antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) targeting VEGF-C was designed and its effect on VEGF-C gene expression in vitro experiments was observed. The nude mice transplantation tumor model was made and the effects of VEGF-C ASODN on lymphangiogenesis and metastasis in the model were determined. RESULTS: The supernatant of cultured PC3 cells promoted LEC proliferation obviously while the cells treated with anti-Flt-4 antibody were obviously decreased whenever cell counting. The mRNA and protein expression of VEGF-C in MCF-7 cells treated with ASODN were significantly lower than that in control groups in vitro. In vivo ASODN also significantly reduced the VEGF-C mRNA expression detected by RT-PCR. The result of 5'-Nase-ALPase enzyme -histochemistry showed that ASODN had obvious inhibitory effect on tumor lymphangiogenesis. Tumor growth velocity in ASODN group was much slower than that in control group. ASODN also inhibited tumor volume and lymphatic metastasis. CONCLUSION: The strong relationships between VEGF-C/Flt-4 system and lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer have been observed. If the expression of Flt-4 is blocked, the proliferation of LEC induced by tumor cells can be blocked in some degree. ASODN inhibits tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis by down-regulating VEGF-C expressions.


During the last decade, there has been tremendous growth in mobile penetration in many countries across the globe including a number of developing countries. The total number of mobile subscription 5 billion by the end of 2010 and is further expected to grow multi-folds. On the other hand, around 2.5 billion adults worldwide do not have a savings or credit account with either a regulated bank or alternative financial institution (such as a microfinance institution). Around one billion people in emerging markets have a mobile phone but no access to banking services. This scenario has opened immense opportunities for organizations including banks, insurance companies and telecom operators to strengthen their customer base and increase revenue by providing various financial services to the consumers through mobile technology. Hence, it becomes very important to understand the factors that would act as drivers or inhibitors towards the adoption of mobile financial services (MFS). Quite a few studies have been conducted across the globe to determine the factors affecting adoption of MFS. This paper provides a Meta analysis of the existing academic literature on MFS and determines the strength of the factors and their linkages through a scoring model based on the type of publication. The findings of the study would be beneficial for further research in understanding the dimensions to be considered for developing adoption model for MFS. The findings can also be used by the practitioners involved in MFS in understanding the factors affecting demand for such services.


With the development of Information Technology and Communications (IT&C) industry, more and more electronic devices are connected to the Internet, which is defined as Internet of Things (IoT). The main objective of this paper is to identify the best mobile Internet provider which will be used further to implement a Remote Monitoring System (RMS) for an Electric Vehicle (EV). Statistical data reports of Romanian National Authority for Administration and Regulation in Communications (ANCOM) are analyzed and compared to extract information relevant to the knowledge level of final users in Romania about the use of IoT. Indicators such as the degree of use of IoT devices, the attitude towards IoT, the consumer behavior, and their expectations from IoT and 5G technology were used. The analysis of communication services offered by the four main Romanian mobile Internet Service Providers (ISP) is conducted based on statistical data measured by the ANCOM Netograf platform during the period 2010-2020. The disadvantage of the Netograf platform is that it shows data only for a single provider at a time. Our performance comparison is made for all providers in terms of download speed, upload speed, transfer delay, delay variation, and loss rate. Also, the data are compared based on the subscription type (postpaid/prepaid). Finally, the best provider is identified, which will be used further for the above mentioned objective.


This paper designs a new encryption mode using Orthogonal Polynomial principle in data encryption,this is much better for encryption safety,the mode can check the false data attack,in a word,it has much value in encryption.


Since 1962, with the support of the French Space Agency (CNES) and major aerospace industries, the French non-profit organization Planète Sciences has been providing young amateurs with facilities, tools and programmes to make their dream fly. Young space conquerors are proposed to get hands on projects ranging from microrockets to experimental rockets as well as Cansats and stratospheric balloons. The latest is being presented in this abstract.


Readers should also refer to the journal's website at http://www.informaworld.com/rqrs and check volume 2, issue 2 to view the visual material in colour. With the ethos of providing 'all women whatever their age, size or ability the opportunity to run together', the Women's Running Network (WRN) emphasises its accessibility to the 'true beginner'. The network provides a social and physical space in and through which (often) previously inactive, non‐elite, non‐competitive women of all ages learn to experience and perceive their bodies in a different way. The literature exploring all‐female leisure settings has highlighted the importance of these environments for promoting physical and psychological empowerment, enhancement of body image, and improved perceptions of women and the female body. However, within this social field, the specific ways in which women learn to live with and through their bodies – and indeed are taught to do so – have received limited attention. In this paper, I focus upon the role of the visual and material culture of the WRN to examine how women are told and shown particular gendered and embodied identities. I suggest that, via narrative text and images, the WRN hail women of a specific social location to seek out and embody the ethos of the network. Using the concepts of gendered identity performance and commercialised feminism, I highlight how the visual culture of the WRN can be interpreted as constructing a moral, gendered obligation for sport/exercise participation through midlife and beyond. I conclude by discussing how the visual and material culture of the WRN has implications for framing and facilitating would‐be participant's potential identity performance, socialisation experiences, embodiment and physicality within this women's‐only context.


The purpose of the paper has been of elaborating an index of soil quality,
 that would take into account only the intrinsic soil parameters, and reducing the complexity of the soil
 evaluation systems used at the moment. The purpose of such an index is to offer useful information,
 in short time and with reduced costs. A second aspect was that of comparing such an index with the classic
 method of terrain evaluation used in Romania, and see if there is any correlation among the two systems.
 The conclusions show that because of taking into consideration different parameters, the two methods have
 different areas of applicability. The classic method is recommended for terrain evaluation, while the soil
 quality index can be used as a quick tool to evaluate soil quality and the changes that might occur following
 different management practices.


Structured IDentifiers (SID) are used to identify different YANG items
when encoded in CBOR. This document defines the registration and
assignment processes of SIDs. To enable the implementation of these
processes, this document also defines a file format used to persist
and publish assigned SIDs.


This study was aimed to determine mycorrhizae infection,  nutrition status, the yield of maize-soybean intercropping system plant density with mycorrhizae and organic materials addition. The experiment method that been used in this study is the randomized block design with five intercropping system treatment: P1= 2 strips of maize: 2 strips of soybean, P2= 3 strips of maize: 2 strips of soybean, P3= 3 strips of maize: 3 strips of soybean, P4= 4 strips of maize: 2 strips of soybean, P5= 4 strips of maize: 3 strips of soybean. Each treatment was repeated three times to get fifteen trial plots. Based on the result of the study conclusion: (1) soil nutrition content and soil nutrition uptake N, P, and plant C-organic at 40 days after planting and 92 days after planting on the treatment of 3 strips of maize: 3 strips of soybean obtained the highest value from other intercropping treatments, (2) mycorrhizae infection and the amount of spore on maize- soybean at 40 days after planting and 92 days after planting in 3 strips of maize: 3 strips of soybean obtained the highest value from other intercropping treatments, (3) Yield on treatment of 3 strips of maize: 3 strips of soybean get the highest value on mass of corn cobs and soybean pods wet and dry of the plants while the weight of stover, harvested corn cobs and soybean pods wet and dry per plot, 1000 seeds with the highest value compared to other intercropping treatments.


1 Inscriptions on STONE ('Monumental') have been arranged as in the order followed by R.G. Collingwood and R.P. Wright in The Roman Inscriptions of Britain Vol. i (Oxford, 1965) and (slightly modified) by R.S.O. Tomlin, R.P. Wright and M.W.C. Hassall, in The Roman Inscriptions of Britain Vol. iii (Oxford, 2009), which are henceforth cited respectively as RIB (1–2400) and RIB III (3001–3550). Citation is by item and not page number. Inscriptions on PERSONAL BELONGINGS and the like (instrumentum domesticum) have been arranged alphabetically by site under their counties. For each site they have been ordered as in RIB, pp. xiii–xiv. The items of instrumentum domesticum published in the eight fascicules of RIB II (Gloucester and Stroud, 1990–95), edited by S.S. Frere and R.S.O. Tomlin, are cited by fascicule, by the number of their category (RIB 2401–2505) and by their sub-number within it (e.g. RIB II.2, 2415. 53). Non-literate graffiti and graffiti with fewer than three complete letters have generally been excluded. When measurements are quoted, the width precedes the height. No curse tablets from Uley have been included this year. The whole corpus will now be published by Oxford University Press in its series Oxford Studies in Ancient Documents, as R.S.O. Tomlin, The Uley Tablets: Roman Curse Tablets from the Temple of Mercury at Uley (Gloucestershire). 2 Later in the same series of excavations as the two Purbeck Marble fragments published as Britannia 46 (2015), 383, No. 1 (SF 1964) and 384, No. 2 (SF 2577), neither of which it conjoins (SF 3527). Mike Fulford made it available. 3 The first vertical stroke is no more than a 'chamfer' on the broken left edge, preserving half the original width; and the very slight broadening downwards of both strokes suggests they should be viewed this way up, as in FIG. 1. The two letters cannot be identified, but the first would have been an abbreviation; and together they would have resembled the middle part of T Δ T in RIB 87 (Silchester).


This study attempted to explore and identify factors that help to promote students' efficiency in co-curricular activities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The sample consisted of 60 principals/headmasters of schools from all the boys' high schools of Peshawar City, which included 52 principals from private and 8 from public schools respectively. 120 teachers two from each sample school from both public and private sectors (16 teachers from public and 104 teachers from private schools). Of those 60 schools, a sample of 1200 students was selected, including 160 students from public and 1040 students from private schools. Three separate opinionnaires were used to gather data from principals, teachers and students. The opinionnaires contained items and statements which were structured around eliciting responses from principals, teachers and students about factors that contributed to students' efficiency. The interviews based on 10 items/statements which were held with 120 parents whose children were in 10 th class of the sampled schools. The data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. In order to be logical and scientific in approach, the analysis was further made meaningful with the application of statistical measures. The data obtained from principals', teachers' and students' revealed a number of areas and factors that contributed to the students' development.


: The present work is to investigate the three dimensional non isothermal turbulent jet into crossflow in a thick wall T junction pipe,which is commonly subject to the greatest thermal stress in the pressurized water reactor (PWR) cooling system.Two cases with low jet to crossflow velocity ratios of 0.05 and 0.5 are computed,with a finite volume numerical procedure utilizing k e turbulent model.Temperature of the pipe is acquired by thermally coupling with the fluid.Compariso of the computations with measured data shows good qualitative agreement.Via analysis of the flow and thermal characteristics,influence of the flow structure on the temperature distribution and thermal stress of the component is studied.Major factors causing instantaneous thermal shock of the component are explored.Optimal flow rates are discussed to reduce the thermal stress.


We report quantitative imaging studies of transient space charge effects in the generation of high density ultrashort electron pulses that are photoemitted from a gold photocathode. We establish that the pulse width exhibits a fractional power-law scaling with the sheet density of the emitted electron pulses. By comparing to multi-electron simulations, the initial longitudinal phase space of the photoelectrons is extracted, demonstrating a strong dependence of the initial momentum spread on the sheet density. Extensions of single electron photoemission theory and existing space charge models provide qualitative, but not quantitative models for the observed effects. PACS numbers: 41.85.-p, 61.05.J-, 79.60.Bm,


Three in vivo experiments were conducted to measure the effectiveness of commercial Bacillus probiotics on survival and development of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae from nauplii 3–4 (N3–4) to zoea 3 (Z3) stages. Experiment I: Nine commercial Bacillus probiotics were individually added to larvae twice at N6 and Z1 at levels of 2, 20, and 100 mg L−1. Only six of nine products at 20 mg L−1 exhibited higher or significantly higher larval survival (P < 0.05) than the control. Experiment II: Two superior products from the first experiment were administered to larvae with six dose frequencies at 20 mg L−1. For both products, three doses, once at each of N3–4, N6 and Z1 stages, yielded the best larval survival and development rates (P < 0.05), and these were confirmed by enhanced activities of tryptase and amylase. Experiment III: The isolates of these two products, identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, were delivered to larvae singly at concentrations of 1.0 × 108 and 1.0 × 109 CFU L−1, or at the same concentrations by mixing the two equally. At 1.0 × 109 CFU L−1, B. subtilis exerted more beneficial effects on larvae than B. licheniformis or the mixture. Therefore, the optimal dosage and dose frequency of commercial Bacillus products should be evaluated prior to large-scale application in shrimp hatcheries to avoid futility or even adverse effects, as spore counts and non-bacterial ingredients are key factors influencing the efficacy of Bacillus probiotics.


Abstract : This document contains the baseline human health risk assessment and the ecological risk assessment (ERA) for the Point Lonely Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line radar installation. Twelve sites at the Point Lonely radar installation underwent remedial investigations (RIs) during the summer of 1993. The Vehicle Storage Area (SS14) was combined with the Inactive Landfill because the two sites were essentially co-located and were sampled during the RI as a single unit. Therefore, 11 sites are discussed in this risk assessment. The presence of chemical contamination in the soil, sediments, and surface water at the installation was evaluated and reported in the Point Lonely Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS). The analytical data reported in the RI/FS form the basis for the human health and ecological risk assessments. The primary chemicals of concern (COCs) at the 11 sites are diesel and gasoline from past spills and/or leaks, chlorinated solvents, and manganese. The 11 sites investigated and the types of samples collected at each site are presented. The purpose of the risk assessment is to evaluate the human health and ecological risks that may be associated with chemicals released to the environment at the 11 sites investigated during the RI. The risk assessment characterizes the probability that measured concentrations of hazardous chemical substances will cause adverse effects in humans or the environment in the absence of remediation. The risk assessment will be used to determine if remediation (site cleanup) is necessary and, if so, to rank sites for remedial action.


We propose a novel method to measure the fractal dimension of a submonolayer metal adatom system grown under conditions of limited diffusivity on a surface. The method is based on measuring the specular peak attenuation of He atoms scattered from the surface, as a function of incidence energy. The (Minkowski) fractal dimension thus obtained is that of contours of constant electron density of the adatom system. Simulation results are presented, based on experimental data. A coverage dependent fractal dimension is found from a two-decade wide scaling regime.


Water scarcity is very common in the arid region due to the low yearly rainfall. The cost of water for agricultural usage is extremely high in dry locations. Date palm is a high water-demanding tree throughout the year in arid regions. Therefore, the application of deficit irrigation strategies for date palm cultivation may significantly contribute to conserving irrigation water. The present study aimed to assess the effects of controlled deficit irrigation using two modern micro-irrigation systems on water use efficiency (WUE), gas exchange, fruit yield, and quality of date palm (Khalas cv.). The irrigation systems included drip irrigation (DI) and subsurface irrigation (SI) systems. The study was conducted during the 2020 and 2021 seasons at the Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. The meteorological variables of the study area were real-time monitored using cloud-based IoT (Internet of Things) to calculate the evapotranspiration reference (ETo) and control the irrigation scheduling. Three irrigation treatments (50, 75, and 100% ETc) were applied using DI and SI systems compared with the traditional surface bubbler irrigation (Control). The actual applied water at the deficit irrigation treatments of 50, 75, and 100% ETc were 27.28 ± 0.06, 44.14 ± 1.07, and 55.55 ± 0.37 m3 palm−1, respectively. At all deficit irrigation treatments, the leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange were significantly higher in the SI compared to the DI system. The yield of date palms did not differ significantly between the control and SI systems at both the level of 100 and 75% ETc. The WUE under the SI (1.09 kg m−3) was significantly higher than the DI system (0.52 kg m−3) at the 50% level. There was no significant difference regarding the fruit quality parameters between SI at 50% ETc and control at 100% ETc. Therefore, adopting deficit irrigation strategies using the SI system at 50% ETc level throughout the year could be suggested for date palm irrigation to save water, improve WUE, and maintain fruit quality.


A true ortho image and it's appertaining digital surface model (DSM) provide most the of geometric information required for the documentation of a building facade. There are different techniques available to acquire the information requested to generate a DSM. In this paper we describe how a motorized and reflectorless total station controlled by the software package Archimedes3D can be used to determine the necessary information. Apart from a total station, a laptop and a digital camera are the only hardware components needed to complete these tasks. After establishing of the site covering reference system the total station is used to scan the surface of the object in a point density which can be adapted to the local requirements. The lower data rate of a total station compared to laser scanners can be compensated by maintaining intelligent control of the measurement process.


The intrinsic effects of current crowding and current density gradients on electromigration in back end of line copper interconnects have been investigated using a simple single layer test structure, where the electromigration performance of standard straight structures is compared to structures with a 90° angle. Using finite element modeling, it is demonstrated that locally higher current crowding and current density gradients are indeed present in these angled structures. As electromigration lifetimes are comparable between the straight and the angled structures and no void formation is observed in or close to the angle, we conclude that the intrinsic impact of current crowing and current density gradients in via-electromigration is negligible.


Human resources theories believe that the increase in the quantity and quality of human resources plays an important role in the promotion of local economic development.On the basis of the case in Jilin Province,the authors have investigated and measured the degree of contributions to the local economic development made by human resources in Jilin Province.First,it was done by the means the analysis of time series data and multiple linear regression;and then it was done by way of systematic carding and analysis of the problems in the allocation of human resources in the development process in Jilin Province.At last the authors make some relevant policy suggestions to deal with the above questions.


Due to the controversy regarding use of personal email on nongovernment servers by Hillary Clinton during her time as Secretary of State, her email data was made public. Yet, reading through them is impractical. In this poster, we provide a visual analysis of the content of these emails. Based on the 7945 emails available, we identify the relation between the textual content of the emails with world policies. We unravel how the content of these emails are reflective of US emotion and behaviour with other countries around the world along with their relative importance. We also unravel correlations in the data to predict some features of content in redacted emails based on available data.


This paper deals with a two-dimensional dynamical problem of thermoelasticity generating elastic waves due to disturbance produce by a periodic heat nucleus. Initially, a detailed discussion on the theoretical part of the problem$^{[2]}$ is made without temperature, then the disturbance due to impulsive heat nucleus is considered.


Epoxides are widely used in chemical industry,organic and pharmaceutical synthesis.Generally,epoxides are prepared from the epoxidation of olefins.Traditional epoxidation methods lead to environmental pollution and separation problems due to the associated organic by-products.The epoxidation with hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) catalyzed by transition metal complexes especially methyltrioxorhenium can overcome the above shortcomings.However,It can not be applied in large scale due to the disadvantage of inherently acidic of the central Re atom leading to the epoxides to diols and the difficulty of recycle usage.In the paper,we summary the results investigated by us for improving the epoxidation of olefins with H2O2as oxidant catalyzed by MTO.The contents include the synthesis and application of pyridine-Schiff base bidentate ligands,the synthesis and application of bispidine derivative bidentate ligands,synthesis and application of zwitterion and ionic liquid ligands and the preparation and catalytic performances on epoxidation of MCM-41 supported MTO.These methods have increased the epoxidation selectivity largely and are helpful to improve the epoxidation of olefins with MTO/H2O2system.


The present invention relates generally to the use of a combination of human IL-18 in the treatment of solid tumors and lymphomas of various forms. In particular, the present invention is, (1) human IL-18, a combination of monoclonal antibodies against antigens expressed on the surface of cancer cells, and (2) relates to the combination of human IL-18 with chemotherapeutic agents.


A national sample of adolescents who regularly watched the television program Friends were surveyed about an episode that portrayed a pregnancy


Mexican Americans (MAs) are the fastest growing subpopulation in the US. As this population ages, age‐related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) will disproportionately affect MAs. MAs have a unique AD pathogenesis signature when compared to their non‐Hispanic White (NHW) counterparts. MtDNA damage may be implicated in the elevated AD burden among MAs due to the high prevalence of common risk factors for cognitive impairment (CI) including metabolic comorbidities. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage to guanosine (8oxoG), and 5kb deletions are well‐documented in AD. MtDNA is particularly vulnerable to damage, which can affect mitochondrial function as well as act as a damage associated molecular pattern when released into the cell‐free space (ccf‐mtDNA), stimulating inflammatory responses. We hypothesize that MAs incur mtDNA damage at an elevated rate due to increased comorbidity burden altering mitochondrial function resulting in increased levels of 8oxoG and the common 5kb deletion.


The aim of this paper is to study the key points of managing cooperative credit unions in south Thailand and how to strengthen the education and knowledge of the management team, staff and members. This paper is based on a qualitative method via in-depth interviews and a focus group with members and committees of cooperative credit unions in south Thailand; data were analyzed using content and descriptive analysis. Results showed that the most problematic issue is a lack of transparency in the management and patronage systems, leading to corruption. In addition, the key points for developing guidelines for this type of credit union include members' understanding and knowledge about the objectives of the cooperative system; updated regulations and legal measures concerning a deposit protection system; revised rules and regulations for loan policies, human resources, and information technology; government policies for strengthening cooperative credit unions; and allocating more budget to educate their staff and members, such as a training course and a visit to another cooperative credit union. In addition, the Cooperative Promotion Department and Cooperative Auditing Department of Thailand should improve the law and auditing method to strengthen and clarify the organization's operations.


Propulsion plants for arctic tankers must have characteristics not normally required for other large ships. These special requirements make electric transmission systems particularly attractive. The paper examines four candidate electric transmission systems for this application. The performance of two of these, the ac variable-frequency system and the ac--rectified--dc system, are reported in detail, and the analog computer program used to simulate the operation of the ac--rectified--dc system is described.


Three kinds of crystals responses of energy(ST-401,NaI and CeF_3)under four different mono- energeticγ-ray irradiations(0.622MeV、1.25MeV、2.365MeV and 6.13MeV)are summarized in this pa- per.We also analyse the phenomena of the experiments in reason,and give the results.


The reduction of flux-pinning loss is a paramount concern for power applications of RE1Ba2Cu3O7−δ (RE: rare earth, Y, Gd, etc; REBCO) superconducting tapes. We have discovered a unique electromagnetic behaviour of such tapes where the magnetization loops in an oblique magnetic field showed a drastic deviation from the conventional theoretical prediction. It brought about a drastic reduction of the pinning loss contrary to common knowledge that pinning loss is proportional to a critical current density. The deviation was enhanced at lower temperatures, at higher magnetic fields, when the applied magnetic field angle to the tape face was smaller, in the tapes with higher critical current densities, and with a higher in-plane alignment of REBCO grains. We also verified this unusual behaviour is intrinsic to REBCO superconducting thin films and inferred the origin lies in the fact that magnetic flux has a tendency to penetrate into, and exude out of, REBCO superconducting films in a direction parallel to the CuO2 planes in its crystal structure. The results suggest the possibility of reducing the pinning loss by improving the in-plane alignment of REBCO grains instead of reducing the geometrical width of superconductors as suggested by the conventional theory.


From Knowledge to Beatitude: St. Victor, Twelfth-Century Schools, and Beyond: Essays in Honor of Grover A. Zinn, Jr. Edited by E. Ann Matter and Lesley Smith. (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. 2013. Pp. xxiii, 488. $75.00. ISBN 978-0-268-03528-0.)As a versatile scholar, elegant translator, and masterful teacher, Grover A. Zinn Jr. spent five decades elucidating the school of St. Victor for fellow scholars; general readers; and students at his institution, Oberlin College, and elsewhere. The present volume honors his contributions to medieval studies with a set of essays devoted primarily to high-medieval thought and spirituality, although a few range far beyond the Victorines.The first four contributors explore the art and architecture of St. Victor and its Parisian environs. Catherine Delano-Smith analyzes Richard of St. Victor's drawings of the Temple of Jerusalem that accompanied his In Visionem Ezechiel and demonstrates the complex interactions between word and image in Victorine exegesis. Her emphasis on images is shared by Walter Cahn, who finds in an illustrated Parisian manuscript of Hugh of St. Victor's writings an opportunity to consider the interpretive possibilities opened by the visualization of Victorine ideas. William W. Clark offers a useful survey of the evidence for the appearance of the twelfth-century church of St. Victor, whereas Thomas Waldman reflects on what a privilege of Pope Innocent II can tell us about Suger of St. Denis's vision for church construction.The next three essays delve into the Victorines' approach to the written word and together provide a clear summary of the order's intellectual project. Franklin Harkins demonstrates that for students at St. Victor reading led necessarily to a vir- tuous life and that reading and Christian action reinforced each other. Hugh Feiss turns to the classic Victorine model of teaching by word and example, with attention to vernacular as well as Latin preaching. Turning again to the problem of reading (and, by extension, glossing), Lesley Smith surveys a collection of biblical glosses by the Parisian master Robert Amidas and presents it as an example of how books operated in the early Scholastic context.Chapters 8 through 11 cover the high speculative thought of the Victorine world. Boyd Taylor Coolman neatly links theology to behavior and argues that Hugh of St. Victor's conception of beauty had a moral dimension: "spiritual beauty consists in proper measure in desire, thought, and act" (p. …


Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is a vascular complication that can lead to hepatic functional impairment. IRI is relevant in liver transplantation and during liver surgery performed with intermittent vascular inflow occlusion. Detecting intraoperative liver oxygenation impairment and ischemia could help prevent IRI, which is challenging partially due to the multiple hepatic vascular inflows. We propose a robot-assisted wide-area photoacoustic (PA) imaging system to monitor the liver oxygenation level intraoperatively. PA imaging has been widely used for oxygenation detection in preclinical research. We used a robotic arm to actuate the 2D PA probe and scan across the liver surface. An accurate volumetric tomography can be reconstructed via registering 2D images to the recorded robot trajectory. An ex vivo porcine liver sample was scanned using the proposed system. The result suggested that the robot-assisted wide-area PA tomography has the potential to be incorporated into clinical practice to evaluate liver SO2 intraoperatively.


Based on the demand on reading of the test program for English majors,this article aims to find out the gap between the students and the test program and the problems that students have.From the two aspects of linguistics and non-intelligent factors the strategies of improving reading will be discussed.Also teaching enlightenment will be talked about.


Patients are not adequately treated in the vulnerable period following discharge from a hospital admission for acute heart failure (AHF).1,2 The Safety, Tolerability and efficacy of Rapid Optimization, helped by NT-proBNP and GDF-15, of Heart Failure therapies (STRONG-HF) study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03412201) was designed to assess whether rapid optimization of oral heart failure therapies, using frequent visits and biomarkers to monitor congestion, within a short time following discharge from a hospitalization for AHF can improve clinical outcomes.3 A total of 900 patients were to be randomized 1:1 to either 'high-intensity' or 'usual' care and followed for 90 days. Patients in the usual care arm are managed according to local practice. In the high-intensity care arm, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) or angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) are rapidly up-titrated to 50% optimal doses before discharge and to 100% within 2 weeks following discharge from an admission for AHF. The safety of up-titration is guided by clinical assessment of signs and symptoms of congestion and measures of congestion [N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)] and blood potassium, blood pressure, heart rate, and renal function. The primary endpoint was initially 90-day heart failure readmission or cardiovascular (CV) death. Enrolment began in May 2018. The protocol was amended after enrolling approximately 230 patients. This amended protocol included a follow-up contact at Day 180 to evaluate longer-term safety and potential benefit and a revised primary endpoint encompassing all-cause rather than CV death.3 An interim futility analysis was performed when 519 patients had completed Day 90 follow-up, of whom 353 patients had completed Day 180. Conditional power .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . calculations suggested that the study as it was designed had insufficient power to address the question of potential benefit of high-intensity care on outcomes. To increase power, the protocol was amended in January 2021 to revise the primary endpoint and increase the sample size. The management of enrolled patients remains largely unchanged. The primary endpoint has been changed from 90-day to 180-day heart failure readmission or death, analysed using estimated 180-day event rates. The analyses of the primary endpoint will include results from both the initial cohort who were included in the interim analysis of 180-day outcomes and the cohort of patients enrolled subsequently. The interim result can be considered 'hypothesis-generating' with respect to the 180-day outcome. The primary analysis will down-weight, to half its sample size, the result in the initial cohort. The difference between groups regarding the estimated cumulative event rate of 180-day death or heart failure readmission, adjusted for randomization strata, will use a weighted average of the result in the initial cohort and subsequently enrolled patients. Sensitivity analyses will be conducted that, first, exclude the result in the initial cohort and, second, that fully weight the initial cohort result. This approach is somewhat analogous to the use of power prior distributions in Bayesian analysis, in which the prior distribution based on previous studies is discounted to degrees varying from non-informative to full borrowing of historical data.4 Here, the primary analysis will constitute partial reliance on the initial cohort's 'historical' result, with sensitivity analyses bracketing ignoring and fully including the initial result. Total planned enrolment has been increased from 900 to 1800 patients. With total enrolment of 1800 patients and downweighting the initial result by half its sample size, the study will have approximately 89% power to detect a difference in event rates of 14% vs. 20% at the two-sided 0.05 significance level. A futility analysis is planned when 1300 patients have at least 90-day follow-up. Because the usual care group is seen less frequently than the high-intensity care group, the potential biases introduced through the treatment group reclassification for the safety set and the selection of a per-protocol subset .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . are unclear. Thus, efficacy and safety analyses will be conducted in only the analysis set comprising randomized patients, excluding only patients randomized erroneously, and placing patients in their assigned treatment groups for analysis. Secondary endpoints were revised to include the 90-day change in quality of life assessed using the EQ-5D, 180-day all-cause mortality, and the former primary endpoint of 90-day heart failure readmission or death, tested sequentially in order to maintain the alpha level. Exploratory endpoints now include 180-day and 90-day CV death; 90-day all-cause mortality; 180-day and 90-day heart failure readmission; a Finkelstein–Schoenfeld hierarchical composite endpoint comprising death, heart failure readmission, and 90-day change in EQ-VAS; 90-day changes in NTproBNP; changes in other biomarkers; and changes in weight and signs and symptoms of congestion. Some additional modifications to the protocol were implemented. First, real-time assessment of growth differentiation factor15 (GDF-15) was stopped due to logistical reasons as contemporaneous measurements at many sites were not feasible. Therefore, the measurement of GDF-15 has been removed from the protocol and the study name revised to 'Safety, Tolerability and efficacy of Rapid Optimization, helped by NT-proBNP testing, of Heart Failure therapies'. Second, due to severe limitations in screening and enrolment during the COVID-19 pandemic, the limit on the number of patients with a history or presence of atrial fibrillation or flutter has been eliminated. Third, the optimal (full) dose of spironolactone was updated from 25 to 50 mg q.d. to be consistent with the target dose included in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines.5,6 Finally, recommendations to consider treatment with sodium–glucose co-transporter inhibitors and intravenous ferric carboxymaltose as part of high-intensity care were added. As of 17 August 2021, 812 total patients have been randomized in STRONG-HF. Full enrolment is expected in the first quarter of 2022, with final results available by year's end. Recently, authors have advocated the rapid and simultaneous up-titration of evidencebased heart failure therapies, but note that physicians may be hesitant to implement


The article is devoted to problems of the taxation of petroleum business. It is necessary to simplify the tax laws. In petroleum business it is fair to assess not production, and profit on realization of petroleum. It will allow to avoid many disputed situations


Preamble Relation to the Berne Convention .......................................................... 1 Scope of Copyright Protection............................................................... 2 Application of Articles 2 to 6 of the Berne Convention......................... 3 Computer Programs ............................................................................... 4 Compilations of Data (Databases) ......................................................... 5 Right of Distribution .............................................................................. 6 Right of Rental....................................................................................... 7 Right of Communication to the Public................................................... 8 Duration of the Protection of Photographic Works ................................ 9 Limitations and Exceptions.................................................................... 10 Obligations concerning Technological Measures .................................. 11 Obligations concerning Rights Management Information ..................... 12 Application in Time ............................................................................... 13 Provisions on Enforcement of Rights..................................................... 14 Assembly ............................................................................................... 15 International Bureau............................................................................... 16 Eligibility for Becoming Party to the Treaty.......................................... 17 Rights and Obligations under the Treaty................................................ 18 Signature of the Treaty........................................................................... 19 Entry into Force of the Treaty................................................................ 20 Effective Date of Becoming Party to the Treaty .................................... 21 No Reservations to the Treaty................................................................ 22 Denunciation of the Treaty .................................................................... 23 Languages of the Treaty......................................................................... 24 Depositary.............................................................................................. 25


other settings). 7 Two arguments can reasonably be postulated. First, if participants in a clinical trial of a procedural intervention have been enrolled based on CBPM values that were indeed influenced by the white-coat phenomenon and then undergo the intervention, their true (lower) BP values are less likely to be reduced by that intervention, thereby lessening the likelihood of finding compelling evidence that the intervention is truly effective. Second, if familiarization (with or without regression to the mean) occurs during the trial, the beneficial reduction in BP may be erroneously attributed to the intervention. In addition, while some trials that employ CBPM may be very well conducted and may indeed show an effect on BP at the snapshot in time at which a measurement is taken (which may only be at one point in a 24-hour cycle, typically during daytime hours), they cannot provide information on the duration of an effect on BP throughout a 24-hour period or its effect during the nocturnal period.


ABSTRACT Polycrystalline silicon is widely used in microelectronic and photovoltaic applications. The main problem of this material is the recombination of charge carriers at the grain boundaries which affects the efficiency of the polycrystalline silicon solar cells. In order to improve the crystalline quality and the electrical properties of phosphorus-doped poly-silicon thin films, heat treatments under hydrogen were carried out. This allowed the occupation of the dangling bonds at the grain boundaries and made them inactive, which resulted in improved optoelectronic properties of the treated samples. It has been shown that the effect of hydrogen on the electrical characteristics is more pronounced for low doping concentrations where a 20% improvement of the free carrier concentration was obtained. In addition, the results have shown that the introduction of hydrogen in poly-silicon thin films reduces the density of trap states at the grain boundaries.


INTRODUCTION Just four months after completing court-recommended counseling for domestic abuse, a Kenner, Louisiana man fatally shot his estranged wife at her Florida Avenue office before killing himself with a shot to the head. Urbano Tellez, 35, who had been scheduled to appear in Kenner City Court on charges that he beat his wife a year ago, killed Tania Correa, 32, at IPS of Louisiana, according to police who found the court subpoena at the scene. Both died at the scene of a gunshot wound to the head (Hyman, 1997). Recently, the Oprah Winfrey Show addressed domestic violence in the workplace, and whether employers are responsible for protecting employees from abuse. Guests included the mother of a woman who was killed at work by her ex-boyfriend. The murdered daughter had notified her boss that her ex-boyfriend, a former deputy sheriff, had threatened to kill her. The boss said he would fire the battered woman if she failed to show up for work, but said he would protect her if she did. The next day, the daughter's ex-boyfriend killed her at her office, and then committed suicide ('Oprah' Looks at the Impact of Domestic Violence at the Workplace, 1997). Domestic violence is a social challenge that does not disappear when women leave their homes and enter the workplace. The batterers may show up at the workplace because they are often barred from going to the victim's home. The address and phone number of a victim can be easily changed, but not necessarily her job (Hyman, 1996). Not surprisingly, the U.S. Department of Justice estimates that 95% of assaults on spouses or ex-spouses are committed by men against women (The Health Care Response to Domestic Violence, 1997). Since the vast majority of adults spend all or part of most days at work, the workplace is one of the most effective places to find a domestic violence victim. Although the workplace has become, in fact, the modern community, complete in some cases with childcare, exercise classes, support groups, and healthcare, few companies have built a comprehensive internal response to the problem of domestic violence. This lack of response affects not only the lives of many employees but also the company's bottom line (Creating a Workplace Response to Domestic Violence, 1998). This paper will look at background regarding domestic violence in the workplace, the cost to employers, government/business intervention, the ABA Commission on Domestic Violence, and what employers can do to protect not only themselves but also their employees from experiencing a violent incident at work. BACKGROUND Domestic violence crosses all job, race, class, and professional lines. Nearly one in four American women between the ages of 18 and 65 has experienced domestic violence, according to a recently released national survey, "The Many Faces of Domestic Violence and Its Impact on the Workplace." The nationwide survey, conducted by EDK Associates of New York, was commissioned by The Body Shop and developed with the YWCA of the U.S.A. It is the first national survey to explore psychological violence and the impact of domestic violence on the workplace (One in Four American Women, 1997). Not surprisingly, seventy percent of domestic violence victims are employed, and the U.S. Department of Justice recently released a report estimating that 13,000 acts of domestic violence are committed against working women every year (Shepher, 1998). Domestic violence knows no boundaries. It occurs most often in the home but can, and does, spill over into other arenas. With the increased number of working women, it stands to reason that there would be a corresponding increased in the number of domestic violence incidents in the workplace. That is the challenge that confronts employers everywhere (Chavez, 1997). For instance, in the Chicago, IL area alone, the Chicago Police Department responded to nearly 240,000 domestic violence-related calls in 1996--an average of 655 calls per day (Eckert, 1998). …


The economic development speed that has been created from man power capital is much faster that anyother investing ways.Manpower capital comes from the talented people resources which were created from the higher education the formation of LiuPanShui higher education can be undertaken from the four aspects :that is speeding up the higher education taking good charge of LiuPanShui higher Teacher's Collage,rectifying LiuPanShui's educational resources;and encouraging Social power to Conduct higher education.


: The study was conducted to assess and compare the women empowerment status between the two fisheries stakeholders' groups, five haor upazilas of Kishoreganj district and floodplain-based fisheries project (FPFP) area of Daudkandi in Cumilla district. Data were collected as baseline study from the families of nine different fisheries stakeholders' groups (five from Kishoreganj haor and four from Daudkandi FPFP) in 2018. Working status, mobility, economic security, ability to make small purchase and involvement in major household decision making was the indicators used to asses and compares the women empowerment status. Ability to decision making of women of Daudkandi FPFP was found to be higher compared to those of Kishoreganj. Below 10% women in both haor and floodplain had the ability to visit relative's house without the permission of their husbands. A 24.06% woman had access to the mobile phones, while only 4% had own BKash account for money transfer and 30% had bank account for money transaction. About 25% women owned land in Daudkandi FPFP. Decisions towards purchasing own dress and cosmetics were found to be regulated by the male members. It was found that most of the major decisions of the family such as children's education, treatment during illness and marriage of offspring were taken jointly by women together with their husbands in both Kishoreganj and Daudkandi FPFP. Fisher's women in Daudkandi FPFP were comparatively more empowered than those of Kishoreganj haor. The study also found that women's contributions to the social and economic advancement in these areas were minimal. To empower and enhance the socioeconomic status of fishers' women in these areas, both educational status and technical skills of women should be improved by raising awareness through training and providing educational and other social mobilization supports from different government and non-government organizations.


Introduction. I. QUICK REFERENCE. A. Standard Precautions for All Client Care. B. Components of the Nursing Process. C. Communication Guidelines. D. Common Abbreviations. E. Medical Terminology: Root Words, Prefixes, Suffixes. F. Weight and Volume Conversions and Equivalents. G. Laboratory Values. H. Common Diagnostic Studies. I. Nursing Interventions for Endoscopic Examinations. J. Studies of the Gastrointestinal Tract. K. Studies of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts. L. Radiographic Studies: Intravenous Pyelography, Angiography, Myelography. M. Key Information about Vitamins. N. Key Information about Minerals. O. Infection Control Strategies. P. Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule--U.S. Q. Immunization for High-Risk Adults. II. ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS. A. Nursing Health History. B. Methods of Examining. C. Vital Signs. D. Physical Health Examination. E. NANDA Approved Nursing Diagnoses. III. PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION. A. Safety Guidelines. B. Clinical Guidelines. C. Teaching and Learning Guidelines. D. Medications.


Let G be a simple graph with vertex set V(G) and <inf>E</inf>(G). edge set E(G), and let Z<inf>2</inf> = {0, 1}, For a given binary edge labeling f:E(G)→Z<inf>2</inf>, the edge labeling f induces a partial vertex labeling f⋆:V(G)→Z<inf>2</inf> such that f⋆:V(G)=1(0) iff the number of 1-edges (0-edges) is strictly greater than the number of 0-edges (l-edges) incident to v, otherwise f⋆(v) is undefined. For i∊Z<inf>2</inf> let v(i)=card{v∊V(G): f⋆(v)=i}. and e(i)=card{e∊E(G):f(e)=i}, The edge-balance index sets of a graph G, EBI(G), is defined as {|v(0)–v(1)|: the edge labeling f satisfies |e(0)–e(1)|≤1}. In this paper, we completely determine the edge-balance index sets of the complete graphs with constructive proof.


Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐immunoreactive (ir) neurones are detected in the striatum of animals after dopamine depletion and also in human parkinsonian patients. Although there is extensive evidence for TH‐ir neurones in the lesioned rodent striatum, there are few details regarding the molecular phenotype of these neurones, regulation of their TH expression after l‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA) treatment and their function. In the present study, we examined the time‐course of appearance of TH‐ir neurones in the mouse striatum after 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) lesion and determined their molecular phenotype. We found that TH‐ir neurones appeared in the striatum as early as 3 days after a 6‐OHDA lesion. By 1 week after the lesion, the number of TH‐ir neurones started to decrease and this decrease progressed significantly over time. Treatment with L‐DOPA increased both the number of TH‐ir neurones and the intensity of their immunolabelling. The TH‐ir neurones that appear after the 6‐OHDA lesion in the striatum are not newly generated cells as they did not incorporate 5‐bromo‐2‐deoxyuridine. We found that the vast majority of TH‐ir neurones colocalized with dynorphin and enkephalin, suggesting that they are projection neurones of the direct and indirect striatal output pathways. TH‐ir neurones did not express the dopamine transporter but half of them expressed amino acid decarboxylase, an enzyme required for dopamine synthesis. Finally, striatal TH‐ir neurones are functionally active, expressing the neuronal activation marker FosB in response to L‐DOPA treatment. Promotion of these striatal TH‐ir neurones may be beneficial in Parkinson's disease, particularly in the early stages when dopamine denervation is incomplete.


The paper introduces some new devices and equipments,processing softwares as well as some new methods and techniques of geophysical exploration, enumerates some examples of the application of geophysical method to mineral resources, environment and geological engineering fields with a focus on metal deposit prospecting. The development and application of new technologies in geophysical exploration will play more important role in the development of economy and society.


The steps involved in viral reproduction are described briefly. Mathematical models for the growth of viral populations without random effects take the form of systems of differential equations and these are reviewed, including the standard HIV equations, with correction terms. The validity of the "mass action" assumption is questioned for low virion levels. Stochastic differential equation models for HIV are described, including those with both discontinuous and diffusion processes. Simulation results are given for early HIV population growth, including the distribution of the time to reach a detection level, for which an analytical theory is also available. The long-term model of Tan and Wu is discussed briefly as well as mutation and its effect on drug treatments. Despite some useful analysis of patient data with respect to simple differential equations, it is concluded that modeling, either deterministic or stochastic, of viral populations requires much further development to give an accurate and useful representation of the underlying biological processes.

Keywords:

HIV;
stochastic model;
viral population model


Public avalanche forecasters continually search for ways of communicating sophisticated information in a comprehensible format. To accommodate this need among audiences with varying knowledge, Parks Canada (PC) and the Canadian Avalanche Centre (CAC) redesigned the Canadian public avalanche warning system. This system uses a layered approach to risk communication by providing different products aimed at specific audiences. This paper focuses on the development and implementation of Layer 1: the Backcountry Avalanche Advisory (BAA). The goal of this system is to embed avalanche awareness into the public mainstream, offering avalanche information to everyone regardless of their experience. The BAA is a four-level scale for communicating avalanche conditions using graphic icons and simple sentences. This system was designed to incorporate internationally recognized symbols and colors, together with concise and unchanging text messages that are easily understood. Product development included consultation with a broad range of industry experts, followed by extensive public focus group testing. This system was launched in January 2005 and made available to the public and media for all PC and CAC bulletin regions. Distribution is through a dedicated media portal where approved media outlets are given free, password access to an array of weather and warning products. Currently, BAA warnings are broadcast daily during the winter through radio, television and newspaper outlets in British Columbia and Alberta. All reporting regions in Western Canada produced a daily BAA during winter 2006. Widespread broadcast of avalanche information will have an important long-term effect on public understanding of avalanches. Frequent exposure through newspaper, radio and television will take avalanche awareness to a cultural level. Canadians will be well served through having avalanche information discussed in the public mainstream.


We study numerically synchronization phenomena of spatiotemporal structures, including chimera states, in a two layer network of nonlocally coupled nonlinear chaotic discrete-time systems. Each of the interacting ensembles represents a one layer ring network of nonlocally coupled logistic maps in the chaotic regime. The coupled networks differ in their control parameters that enables one to observe distinct spatiotemporal dynamics in the networks when there is no coupling between them. We explore in detail external and mutual synchronization of chimera structures. The identity of synchronous structures and the estimation of synchronization regions are quantified by calculating the cross-correlation coefficient between relevant oscillators of the networks. We show that for non-identical networks, unidirectional and symmetric couplings lead to external and mutual synchronization between the interacting ensembles, respectively. This is confirmed by identical synchronous structures and by the existence of finite regions of synchronization within which the cross-correlation coefficient is equal to 1. We also show that these findings are qualitatively equivalent to the results of the classical synchronization theory of periodic self-sustained oscillations.


Explains the commands and procedures of 3D Studio and other skills such as storyboarding and preliminary sketching. It shows the process of planning and executing animations. The disk contains a blank sketchbook, four-colour insert and a special "flip-book" to demonstrate basic animations.


Design and Wicked Problems in the Rural Arctic is a study on how the wicked problems of arctic indigenous communities can be tackled through design. As part of a post-colonial region, indigenous villages in the Arctic have gone through rapid social changes; this, together with climate change, threatens the wellbeing and resilience of these communities. Many of the villages have no access to clean water or shelter. Colonisation settled the traditionally nomadic communities, bringing demand for waste and sewage management systems, but due to the challenging location, such infrastructure is difficult to establish. The problems in these Arctic communities are wicked; they are interrelated and difficult to define. This MA thesis answers the question: What kind of framework enables a designer to tackle the wicked problems of arctic indigenous communities? The data is collected with a research through design case and semi-structured interviews, which are interpreted with a systems approach. Grounded theory is applied to analyse the data. The data indicated that there is a significant gap in communication between communities and western agencies. Communities are often passive recipients of projects carried out by western agencies who are unfamiliar with the cultureand location-related needs. This thesis proposes that the designer work as a coordinator, a sense-maker, in the design process by creating a common understanding between the stakeholders. Instead of designing a solution, the process itself is designed, and implemented in collaboration with the community.


The gap between demand and supply of blood is continuously widening as the population increases. This is of great concern in Kenya where blood donation figures are below the World Health Organization's recommendations. A random cross-sectional survey involving 224 respondents using questionnaires, focus group discussions, immersion sessions, empathy and observations was undertaken in and around Nairobi. The objective of this study was to elicit donor information needs to enable the improvement of donor recruitment and retention strategies through the use of ICT based tools. 63.8% of respondents had never donated blood and only 4.9% were regular donors. Only 19 of the 81 donors had been contacted by KNBTS. 71.4 % of all respondents indicated that receiving SMS and emails with information on blood donation dates and venues would be quite useful, while 79% would welcome educative information on blood donation.70.1% of respondents suggested that increased awareness on donation dates and venues and increased donor education would improve donor participation. There is very little use of ICTs to help improve donor participation. This study recommends the use of ICT technologies such as SMS, Email and Social Media for donor education in order to increase donor awareness.


This chapter investigates the text The Court of Love (Cambridge, Trinity College, MS R.3.19, folios 217r-234r). It was long time held to be a poem by Chaucer, a notion debunked by Skeat as a neo-medieval fabrication dating from the fourth decade of the sixteenth century at the earliest. This chapter presents a new appraisal of the date, which is tentatively pinpointed as the middle of the 15th century, and the localization of the poet, who is localized in East Anglia based on the evidence of rhymes and some spellings. Frequent failures of rhyme point to the linguistic differences between the poet and the scribe, as reconstructed from rhyme, metre and possible "relicts". The hypothesis that the poet was from East Anglia and the scribe from London is confirmed by evidence from eLALME dot maps, and shows that instances in the poem that were identified by Skeat as "false grammar" are in fact examples of syntax that is true to the poet's own dialect.


B. Forsén (ed.), Thesprotia Expedition IV. Region Transformed by Empire, Helsinki 2019. Papers and Monographs od the Finnish Institute at Athens (Vol. XXIV)


Abstract Samples of blue mouth, Helicolenus dactylopterus (De La Roche, 1809). were collected in the areas between Shetland and the Faroe Islands, and analysed by starch gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing of haemoglobins and tissue enzymes. Moderate intraspecific variation was found, but most enzyme patterns were diagnostic for this species compared to the Sebastes species. The haemoglobin patterns were similar to the pattern of Sebastes marinus and S. viviparus, and thus diagnostic in relation to S. mentella. The estimated genetic distances between blue mouth and the Sebastes species were high (0.92–1.05) compared to corresponding values within the latter genus (0.03–0.13).