The invention discloses a journey recorded information sharing method of a vehicle. The sharing method is suitable for being executed in a mobile terminal. The vehicle includes vehicle-mounted equipment. The vehicle-mounted equipment is provided with vehicle identification and is suitable for collecting position information, vehicle condition information and multimedia data of a road point where the vehicle is located at predetermined time intervals in the moving process of the vehicle. The sharing method comprises the steps that vehicle journey track information associated with the vehicle identification is acquired from a server; the multimedia data are acquired from the vehicle-mounted equipment; journey recorded information is created according to the vehicle journey track information and the multimedia data; the multimedia data included in each road point information in the journey recorded information and journey identification associated with the journey recorded information are uploaded to the server so that the server can create the journey recoded information and generate corresponding link addresses; the generated link addresses are acquired from the server. The invention further provides journey recorded information sharing equipment of the vehicle, the mobile terminal including the equipment, the server and a system.


This paper introduces TAGS (Transducer Automata Graphical Simulator), a software tool for teaching different aspects of transducer automata theory, a theoretical topic which underlies many aspects of the design of sequential digital circuits. TAGS allows simulation of both Moore and Mealy transducer automata, integrating different theoretical concepts associated with them. The student can define an arbitrary transducer automaton in an interactive way, being able to simulate and trace its behavior by means of different 'views'.


religious group, sects, Islamic groups, the sociology of religious groups, the psychology of religious groups, group regression, religious education, religious leader- ship


The influence of curved surface on the method of polychromatic speckle autocorrelation measuring surface roughness is studied by introducing the curvature radius of surface. The rough surface, and the dichromatic speckle patterns, and trichromatic speckle patterns are simulated, and the effects of different radius of curved surface on speckle patterns and speckle elongation ratio are discussed. The results show that the larger curvature radius is, the larger speckle elongation becomes, and the smaller the deviation of measured surface roughness is. Therefore, influence of curvature of rough surface on measurement precision should be taken into consideration during measuring process.


The title compound, [NiBr2(C7H12N2)4], is an octahedral NiII complex coordinated by four pyrazolyl rings and two Br− anions. In the crystal structure, there are two independent Ni complexes, each with inversion symmetry. The tert-butyl groups of the ligands show orientational disorder.


This study explored the efficient dyeing method of aged chestnut wood using the natural dyes extracted from Gardenia jasminoides for, grandiflora, Carthamus tinctorius L., Rhus javanica L., Lithospermum erythrorhizon S. et Z., Caesalpinia sappan L. and Castanea crenata S. et Z.. The color variation of the dyed chestnut woods was also quantitatively evaluated. The wood specimens revealed abundant colors through different dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature, dye pH, soaking time, and brushing frequency. The chroma and stain concentration of colored woods were calculated with , and in order to make color tone measurement. Brushing treatment for colored wood was confirmed as a more economical dyeing method than soaking treatment requiring more time when natural dyeing was done. Furthermore, the desirable tone and shade of color was easily obtained by repetitive brushing treatment using low color tone. During natural dyeing, good color expression was made with high temperature and acidic condition of a dyeing liquor.


The article discusses the integrative use of Tehno-R educational and gaming technology. The authors presented the Techno-R technology for teaching foreign languages, which was subjected to experimental verification and showed an effective result in the formation of linguistic and speech competencies. Experimental studies continue currently and a search is underway for the application of this technology in combination with other technologies, in particular, with gaming computer technologies. The authors developed a methodology for including the game in the process of Techno-R technology and conducted experimental training on Ecology with third-year students of the Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication of Kazan Federal University using the game - "Luc et son examen d'ecologie", developed by a co-author of this article. Due to the fact that the experiential training was aimed at the formation of speech competence in the field of listening, the game was developed in accordance with the methodology of the formation of the ability to aurally perceive foreign language. In particular, the developed game included exercises to understand audio texts reflecting various situations of communication on the topic of "Ecology" on the issues of "Natural Disasters", "Municipal Policy "Clean City", "Measures to Combat Urban Pollution". The results of experimental training showed not only a higher quality of the formed competencies but also a significant increase in educational motivation. The results obtained during experimental training are the basis for continuing scientific research at the level of experiments using mathematical statistics methods to determine the validity of empirically obtained data.


In addition to the work on sensitivity analysis in the control theory literature, other methods and concepts have arisen in general modeling and in chemical kinetics modeling. In an attempt to reconcile different viewpoints and perspectives a preliminary methodology for model-sensitivity is presented. It involves concepts describing the domain of uncertainty, the measure of sensitivity, separability, and computational costs. The characteristic of separability is especially important in methods used for the repeated study of the same model.


The axisymmetric flow inside a rotating cavity with radial outflow or inflow of fluid is discussed. The basic theoretical model of Hide (1968) is extended, using the integralmomentum techniques of von Kármán (1921), to include laminar and turbulent flows; both linear and nonlinear equations are considered. The size of the source region is estimated using a 'free disk' model for the outflow case and a free vortex for the inflow case. In both cases, the estimates are in good agreement with available experimental data. Theoretical values of the tangential component of the velocity outside the Ekman layers on the disks, obtained from solutions of the laminar and turbulent integral equations, are compared with experimental values. The experiments were conducted in a number of rotating-cavity rigs, with a radial outflow or inflow of air, and laser-Doppler anemometry was used to measure the velocity in the 'interior core' between the Ekman layers. The measurements provide good support for the theoretical models over a wide range of flow rates, rotational speeds and radial locations. Although only isothermal flow is considered in this paper, the methods can be readily extended to non-isothermal flow and heat transfer.


This article introduces two multiuser detector for uplink long-code CDMA systems.The statistics of estimated channel vectors are analyzed and verified.Performance of receivers is also studied in simulations.


Next-generation lithium ion batteries (LIBs) require new electrode materials with high energy/power density, good safety and long cycle life. SnS2 is a promising anode candidate due to its high theoretical capacity; however, it still suffers from low electronic/ionic conductivity and large volume expansion during lithiation, which hinder its practical application. Herein, we report the construction of a two-dimensional (2D) heterojunction composite electrode comprised of ultrafine SnS2 and TiO2 nanoparticles deposited on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets. This composite exhibits superior lithium-ion storage capability in terms of high capacity, superior rate property and excellent cycling stability. The performance improvement is primarily due to the synergic coupling of various components in the composite: (1) rGO serves as a fast channel for rapid electron transport and an ideal host for the mass loading of SnO2 and TiO2; (2) ultrafine SnS2 nanoparticles with abundant defects manifest high reactivity for lithiation; and (3) TiO2 forms intimate contact with SnS2, boosting Li+/e− transfer at the interfaces. TiO2 also effectively pins the SnS2 particles, which prevents their migration, aggregation and detachment from the rGO substrate, ensuring the structural integrity and cycling stability of the composite electrode. The dual-confinement strategy using N–Sn bonds and TiO2 decoration together with heterostructure construction presented herein can pave the way for the development of more advanced composite materials for high-performance alkali-metal ion batteries.


Lake Washington has been receiving increasing amounts of treated sewage, and appears to be responding by changes in kind and quantity of biota. In 1933 and 1950 the dominant phytoplankton organisms were Anabaena and various diatoms and dinoflagellates, but in 1955, apparently for the first time, there was a large population of the blue-green alga, Oscillatoria rubescens, a species which makes nuisance blooms in a number of lakes. A great increase in the hypolimnetic oxygen deficit is taken as evidence of increased productivity; the deficit was 1.18 mg/cm2/month in 1933, 2.00 in 1950, and 3.13 in 1955. There is a fairly close relation between the decrease of oxygen and increase in phosphate concentration in the hypolimnion between measurements, a much less close relation with the chlorophyll concentration in the epilimnion.


DURING the past four years and a half of hostilities meteorology has, like many other branches of knowledge, been utilised in naval and military operations to a far greater extent than ever before. Consequently, there are now a large number of officers in the Services who have had practical experience of the value of meteorological information when it has been prepared from sufficient data, and by men who have been thoroughly trained in the subject. It is, therefore, highly desirable that full advantage should be taken of the experience which has been gained during the war in order to meet, as adequately as possible, those demands which will be made upon meteorology in the general reconstruction which is now beginning.


Over the past 25 years, enormous environmental resources have been directed through the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), or Superfund, at cleaning up past environmental abuses, while the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) has been the principal federal statute to prevent future abuses to public health and the environment. Only recently, however, has attention turned to a third general area of concern, the redevelopment of abandoned or underutilized land and buildings in many central cities and inner suburbs of US metropolitan areas. In June of this year, the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) released a report called State of the State on Brownfields: Program for Clean-up and Reuse of Contaminated Sites (OTA Report), in which it was estimated that the size of the problem varies from tens of thousands to nearly 450,000 sites. Many brownfield sites are located in the Northeast and Midwest where, historically, much of the economy was based on heavy industrial activity, although in actuality these brownfields are scattered throughout the entire country.


The term security itself is a very well-served phenomenon, as a consequence of all the changes and characteristics that determine it. In support of this view, a large number of authors have dealt with the notion of terrorism and organized crime, in relation to the very notion of security. "This state of affairs was influenced by two reasons. The first is that the concept of security, due to its many characteristics, is much more difficult to define than the others listed, and the second is that most authors are satisfied with conventional, extremely general and insufficiently precise formulation from international documents and numerous encyclopedic editions, according to which security " opposite to endangerment ", ie" absence of endangerment ".


In most digital cameras, pain pill Color Filter Array (CFA) pictures square measure captured and demosaicing is mostly disbursed before compression. Recently, it absolutely was found that compression-first schemes exceed the traditional demosaicing-first schemes in terms of output image quality. underneath this new strategy, digital cameras will have a less complicated style and lower power consumption as computationally significant processes like demosaicing is disbursed in an offline powerful laptop computer. AN economical prediction-based lossless compression theme for pain pill CFA image is planned. It exploits a context matching technique to rank the neighboring constituents once predicting a pixel, AN adaptational color distinction estimation theme to get rid of the color spectral redundancy once handling red and blue samples, and an adaptational Rice secret writing technique for coding the prediction residues. during this compression theme, CFA image is split into two sub-images: an inexperienced sub-image, that contains all inexperienced samples of the CFA image and a non-green sub-image, that holds the red and therefore the blue samples. The inexperienced sub-image is coded 1st and therefore the non-green sub-image follows supported the inexperienced subimage as a reference. to cut back the spectral redundancy, the non-green sub-image is processed within the color distinction domain whereas the inexperienced sub-image is processed within the intensity domain as a reference for the color distinction content of the non-green sub-image. each sub-image square measure processed information scan sequence with the planned context matching primarily based prediction technique to get rid of the special dependency. The prediction residue planes of the 2 sub-images square measure then entropy encoded consecutively with the planned realization theme of adaptational Rice code. Experimental results show that the planned compression theme will effectively and with efficiency scale back the redundancy in each special and color spectral domains. As compared with the present lossless CFA image secret writing schemes, the planned theme provides the most effective compression performance. In some high-end photography applications, like industrial poster production, original CFA pictures square measure needed for manufacturing prime quality full-color pictures directly. In such cases, lossless compression of CFA pictures is important.


The Genre-Based Teaching Approach of the Australian School has its obvious advantages over other schools: solid theoretical foundations,explicit teaching principle,well-specified teaching objectives,perfect teaching model,and specific teaching steps.It has played an important role in the innovation of Australian language teaching,and had a positive effect on the language teaching of many other countries.As such,this paper presents a multi-perspective review of this approach and points out the prospects of its application to Chinese EFL classroom teaching.


Copper is a strategic Chinese resource. Resource bottlenecks and environmental constraints have become increasingly prominent due to the large consumer demand and high external dependence.This study analyzes the trends of Chinese copper resources using a stocks-based prediction model based on a material flow analysis and then compares the resource and environmental impact of three measures using scenario analyses.The results show that after 2025,secondary copper will exceed imported copper as a main copper source.Demand for copper resources will peak in 2040and then stabilize.Changes in the consumption structure are effective in the short-term with the effect of reduced per capita resource consumption more evenly spread.Improved resource recovery is not effective in the short-term but is effective in the long-term. Therefore,China must control domestic copper production capacity and vigorously develop the recycling industry from 2010to 2030.Structural adjustments of resources and reduced per capita resource use will help in the short term,an efficient resource recycling system is needed in the long run.


Objectives: To investigate response of the community pharmacists to acute back pain consultations by the patients, using doctor of pharmacy degree (Pharm D) final year students as simulated patients. Method: The study was a cross-sectional study, conducted over a three months period from April 2016 to July 2016 in community pharmacy setting. The study was done at the western area in Saudi Arabia, at three cities: (Jeddah-MeccaTaif). Convenient sample of 300 pharmacies were chosen. The students appeared in the pharmacy as patients. A check list was filled immediately after the visit. Results: Results of the study showed that most of pharmacies studied were chain pharmacies (67.3%). The response of the pharmacists towards patients' counseling ranges from (6-55%). The majority of the pharmacists did not ask about spreading of the pain (93%), other disease (91%), medications taken (90%), intensity of pain (83.67%), and duration (83%). There was a low response of pharmacists towards self-care, except rarely, who gave advice for back exercise (6.667%). About 98% and above, did not give information about expected drug problems. Referral was given mainly for numbness symptoms (10.67%). Types of medications recommended were diclofenac sodium (44.67%), muscle relaxants (28.67%) and topical NSAIDS (25.33%). About 70%, of the pharmacists did not give advice spontaneously. Counseling time was less than one minute in 67.67% of the cases. Conclusions: The response of community pharmacists, to acute back pain consultations was inadequate, which necessitates educational and training programs in minor disease treatment, and availability of national guidelines.


ANY statutes create what appears to be a single substantive duty enforceable through both civil and criminal litigation. By way of example, such a "hybrid" statute might be structured as follows: imagine that Section One requires or prohibits certain conduct, Section Two creates a private cause of action for damages caused by violations of Section One, and Section Three makes willful or knowing violation of Section One a crime. M


Ecological stability and high adaptive potential are the main factors for stable performance and yield of agricultural crops under changing environmental conditions; therefore the selection of stress-resistant genotypes is relevant at all stages of breeding. Purpose. To evaluate and select promising breeding accession of shallots by adaptive potential for the "green leaf yield" trait and its components. Methods. Field, laboratory, computational and analytical methods were used in the study. The study was conducted in outdoors at the Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing of NAAS in 2017–2020. Five breeding hybrid accessions were investigated. Lira was the check variety. Results. Having assessed the adaptive potentials of 5 breeding accessions of shallot, we selected a promising environmentally stable accession, D-57, which was noticeable for a high yield of green leaves (5.6 kg/m2) in combination with the highest general adaptive capacity (GAC = 1.3), high stability (bi = 0.4) and genomic breeding value (GBV = 2.7) for this trait. As to the adaptive potential for the "plant height" trait, the D-57 accessions also stood out; it was characterized by high general adaptive capacity (GAC = 1.3), relative stability (Sgi = 10.9 %) and genomic breeding value (GBV = 23.4). This accession was also the best in terms of the "plant weight": trait with the genomic breeding value (GBV = 42.4), it had the largest plant weight including a bulb (75.4 g), combined high general (GAC = 17.3) and specific adaptive capacity (SAC= 129.3) with high plasticity (bi = 2.6). Conclusions. The comprehensive study of the adaptive potential of 5 promising forms of shallots distinguished the D-57 accession, which was superior to the check variety, Lira, in terms of green leaf yield, plant height and weight (including a bulb) and had a high adaptive potential and genomic breeding value for these traits.


Objective To explore the clinical value of microcolumn gel technology(MGT) in measuring the erythrocyte-associated antibodies.Methods 226 patients with suspected hemolytic disease of newborn(HDN) were divided into two groups,the O-A type and the O-B type.The direct antiglobulin,serum IgG antibody and free RBC antibody were measured by "three test" coupled with MGT.Results The total positive rate for ABO-HDN were 80.53%(182/226),of which,the positive rate of the OA group was 82.76%(96/116) while OB group was 71.18%,showing no difference were found between type-OA and type-OB.Moreover,the sensitivity of direct antiglobulin test for positive was the lowest than that of other test while the positive sensitivity of the elution test was the highest.Conclusion The MGT coupled with RBC antibody elution test showed the advantage for detecting the patients with suspected hemolytic disease of newborn.


Objective To evaluate the adjusting effects of herbs on atopy. Methods The trial involved patients with hay fever,atopic dermatitis and asthma,who were treated by health-supporting therapy for six months; the clinical symptoms,IgE and FceRIβ,IL-5Rα and HLA-A in blood were observed. Results The clinical symptoms,IgE and above genes were significantly improved after treatment. Conclusion The herbs are effective in adjusting atopy.


It would be impossible to comprehend the unbelievably great diversity of nature without naming and classifying the units of which it is composed. Classification, of course, is not something confined to animate nature. We classify books in a library; we classify rocks or gems, laws and regulations, types of weather, in short, any variable phenomena. The first one consists of the definition of units, their description, and the finding of diagnostic differences between these units; in short, analysis. The second involves synthesis; namely, the assembling of the units into groups and their arrangement into an hierarchy of ever-larger groups. We must understand this process of classification if we are to arrive a t a sound nomenclature. All classification involves two steps.


In this thesis, we describe how an SSL VPN client utilizing the UNIX program called pppd was developed. pppd enables the creation of point to point links through the Point-To-Protoco l(PPP) which i ...


The technology educators in the world should learn and encourage each other to improve the technological literacy education for all students. In Taiwan, Technology is a newly added domain in the upcoming curriculum guidelines for grades 1-12 that will take effect in August 2019. The new (or the 8th) domain includes two courses: Living Technology (LT) and Information Technology (IT). The purpose of this paper was to describe status and challenges of the technology education as an integral part of general education in Taiwan. The literature review was used to gather all the available sources related to purpose. Consequently, the following results are obtained: (1) the technology education in Taiwan is on the move, (2) the newly added Technology domain brings curriculum revival, and (3) there are two challenges can be seen as opportunities as follows—(a) LT and IT could compete against in the Technology domain; and (b) LT and IT could still have a loose body of knowledge.


Poison frogs in the genus Dendrobates (sensu Grant et al. 2006) are known to lay black pigmented eggs. During a field study in May 2010 in central Panama, a captive pair of wild-caught adult Dendrobates auratus laid a clutch of whitish eggs. The eggs developed and metamorphic froglets were similar in size and color to that of age-matched normal-colored tadpoles produced by different parents and reared in exactly the same conditions. The observation of a pale pigmented tadpole in the wild suggests that polymorphism in the degree of melanism is not simply an artifact of laboratory rearing. Our study is the first to report the production of viable whitish eggs by any species in the genus Dendrobates. Whether this coloration arises due to constraint or is a polymorphism that has adaptive significance awaits further study.


More affordable and available cutting-edge technologies (e.g., wireless vehicle communication) are regarded as a possible alternative to the fixed infrastructure-based traffic information system requiring the expensive infrastructure investments and mostly implemented in the uninterrupted freeway network with limited spatial system expansion. This paper develops an advanced decentralized traveler information System (ATIS) using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication system whose performance (drivers' travel time savings) are enhanced by three complementary functions (autonomous automatic incident detection algorithm, reliable sample size function, and driver behavior model) and evaluates it in the typical urban grid network with non-recurrent traffic state (traffic incident) with the varying key parameters (traffic flow, communication radio range, and penetration ratio), employing the off-the-shelf microscopic simulation model (VISSIM) under the ideal vehicle communication environment. Simulation outputs indicate that as the three key parameters are increased more participating vehicles are involved for traffic data propagation in the less communication groups at the faster data dissemination speed. Also, participating vehicles saved their travel time by dynamically updating the up-to-date traffic states and searching for the new route. Focusing on the travel time difference of (instant) re-routing vehicles, lower traffic flow cases saved more time than higher traffic flow ones. This is because a relatively small number of vehicles in 300vph case re-route during the most system-efficient time period (the early time of the traffic incident) but more vehicles in 514vph case re-route during less system-efficient time period, even after the incident is resolved. Also, normally re-routings on the network-entering links saved more travel time than any other places inside the network except the case where the direct effect of traffic incident triggers vehicle re-routings during the effective incident time period and the location and direction of the incident link determines the spatial distribution of re-routing vehicles.


In this paper,the oscillation and asymptotic behavior for second-order nonlinear neutral dynamic equations on measure chains is cosidered,and some conditions of oscillation or converges to zero for all solutions and all solutions'Δ-derivative are ob- tained.


We show a similarity between two different classical simulation methods for measurement based quantum computation -- one relying on a low entanglement (tree tensor network) representation of the computer's state, and the other a tensor contraction method based on the topology of the graph state. We use this similarity to show that any quantum circuit that can be efficiently simulated via tensor contraction cannot produce much entanglement.


The age of a transformer is generally defined by the condition of its solid insulation. Given that cellulosic insulation deteriorates steadily from a combination of the thermal stress, moisture, acidity of the oil, and the dissolved oxygen that the material is subjected to, maintenance companies need more than a dissolved gas analysis to fully assess its condition. More recent research has shifted to new tests that identify and quantify paper degradation markers found directly in the oil. These new approaches are being introduced to indirectly analyze solid insulation within the transformer tank and improve the assessment of the insulation system.


Tree and Trie are the Abstract Data Types (ADTs) that provide efficient implementation of ordered dictionary. The performance of a data structure will depend on hardware capabilities of the computing devices such as RAM size, Cache memory size and even the speed of the physical storage media. Hence, an application which will be running on real or virtualized hardware environment certainly will have restricted access to memory and other resources of the real hardware. Further, the time taken for any operation on a data structure rely on the data usage model and the most significant operations/tests are very much depend on the size of the "character payload objects" which we use in dictionary like implementations. In this work, we do an analysis on the performance of Tree and Trie based Dictionary ADT Implementations with different data usage models. We consider data usage models such as a typical electronic dictionary with more than million of words or a typical electronic encyclopedia with large string data elements. In this work, we studied the performance of three popular Tree based Dictionary Implementations rbtree, googlebtree, stxbtree, and three Trie based Dictionary Implementations tommy-trie, tommy-trie-inplace, nedtrie under different hardware and software configurations. Among all, tommy trie is proved to be the best for character payload objects with 16 bytes and 4096 bytes. In some operations/tests googlebtree seems to be better. Our evaluation on different tree and trie structures shows tommy trie implementations perform well irrespective of size of application.


APENET: monitoring and research in apiculture', is a two year research project funded in 2009 by the Italian Ministry of Agriculture and completed in September 2011. The main objectives of APENET were: to give explanation about the colony losses and high bee mortalities reported in the recent years in many countries; to evaluate the efficacy of the recently introduced law, regarding the suspension of seed dressing, for mitigation of colony losses. The project was structured in 7 research topics: 1: Monitoring honeybee state of health in Italy; 2: Improving the reduction of the dust dispersion during maize sowing; 3: Honeybees and agrochemicals; 4: The honeybee colony as a biosystem and its health: evaluation of the effects of the micro- and macro- environmental factors and their influence on pathogen development; 5: Evaluation of the synergic effect of different factors on honeybee health; 6: Honeybee pathologies; 7: Studies on the immune response of Apis mellifera and its modulation by means of biotic and abiotic stress. Six universities and several other research institutions from all over Italy were involved. Collaboration of beekeeper organisations was also very important. The present contribution is aimed to expose the main results obtained during the APENET project.


Coherent wavelength conversion for 40-Gb/s 4-QAM optical OFDM signal based on cascaded single-side-band modulator and semiconductor optical amplifier has been demonstrated. Simulation results show that the error-free wavelength conversion can be achieved with optimized parameters.


In this study, we develop the energy-phase method to deal with the high-dimensional non-autonomous nonlinear dynamical systems. Our generalized energy-phase method applies to integrable, two-degree-of freedom non-autonomous resonant Hamiltonian systems. As an example, we investigate the multi-pulse orbits and homoclinic trees for a parametrically excited, simply supported rectangular thin plate of two-mode approximation. In both the Hamiltonian and dissipative case we find homoclinic trees, which describe the repeated bifurcations of multi-pulse solutions, and we present visualizations of these complicated structures.


The consumption of perishable fruits and vegetables forms an essential part of nutrition through the provision of nutrients for growth and good health. However, farmers, marketers, and consumers encounter several challenges regarding the keeping of fresh commodities such as Mill tomato and Bell green pepper fruits to increase the shelf life due to quick degeneration and decomposition of the produce at storage. The need for the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables increased across the world which resulted in the need for storage of these perishables. The objective of the study was  to determine the effects of shear butter as a wax on the shelf life of mill tomato and  bell green pepper  fruits in ambient temperature and charcoal evaporative cooler   (CEC),  cultivated in  communities in the Wa Municipality of the Upper West Region of Ghana. The results obtained on percentage weight loss of fresh green pepper coated with shea butter stored in charcoal evaporative cooler and ambient temperature monitored for an experimental period of seven (7) days showed that, the least percentage weight loss for green pepper was found with uncoated fruits sample stored at ambient with 1.37%  but the highest was found with coated in evaporative cooler. However, the least weight loss for tomato fruit was found in coated tomatoes  with 1.07% compared with coated sample at ambient with 2.78%. The experiment was terminated on day 7 with uncoated green pepper with the highest value of 6 compared with the uncoated sample in evaporative cooler with 3.7(Figure 3). The uncoated tomato samples showed that fruits in evaporative cooler were decaying more than those at ambient with the highest value of 5. The least glossiness was found in both uncoated fruits samples in the two conditions but the highest was shown by fruits sample coated and stored in evaporative cooler. Based on the scores produced, it was clear that the sample coated in cooler was more preferred.


Motivation The identification of structural variants using short-read data remains challenging. Most approaches ignore signatures of complex variants such as those generated by trans-posable elements. This can result in lower precision and sensitivity in identification of the more common structural variants such as deletions and duplications. Results We present SVXplorer, which uses a streamlined sequential approach to integrate discordant paired-end alignments with split-reads and read depth information. We show that it outperforms several existing approaches in both reproducibility and accuracy on real and simulated datasets. Availability SVXplorer is available at https://github.com/kunalkathuria/SVXplorer.


The goal of site layout planning(SLP) is to maximize the productivity and efficiency of the construction by reducing travel distance and material handling cost and manpower. However, SLPs are static layout schemes, which cannot be reorganized during the construction process to correspond with errors, phase transition, changing working environments on the site. To solve this problem, researches on dynamic site layout planning(DSLP) are emerging. This preliminary study clarifies characteristics of temporary facility's variables to develop the vertical DSLP algorithm of high-rise building construction.


The rise of music resources has led to a parallel rise in the need to manage thousands of songs on user devices. User playlists, especially, expect to be generated automatically, because the manual selection of songs for creating playlist is a troublesome work. This paper proposes an auto playlist recommendation system considering user preferences and context of use. This system has two separated systems; 1) mood and emotion classification system and 2) music recommendation system. Users need to choose just one seed song for reflecting their preference and context of use. Then system recommends candidate song list before the current song ends in order to fill up user playlist. User also can remove unsatisfied songs from recommended song list to adapt user preferences of the system for the next song list. The generated playlists show well defined mood and emotion of music and provide songs that user preferences are reflected.


Gas sensors have attracted intense research interest due to the demand of sensitivity, fast response, and stable sensors for industry, environmental monitoring, biomedical, and so forth. Conventional metal oxide gas sensors lack flexibility with poor response times and operate at elevated temperature (200-500°C), which implies that power is required. The development of nanotechnology has created huge potential to build highly sensitive, low cost, portable sensors with low power consumption. The extremely high surface-to-volume ratio and hollow structure of nanomaterials is ideal for the adsorption of gas molecules. Particularly, the advent of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has fuelled the inventions of gas sensors that exploit CNTs' unique geometry, morphology, and material properties. Upon exposure to certain gases (alkalis, halogens and other gases at room temperature), the electrical resistance of CNT's drastically changes. Hence, carbon nanotubes have the potential to be a better chemical sensor. The gases used in this study were ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen (H2) and etc. Gas sensing properties of carbon nanotube was studied; the presence of gas is detected by changing of its electrical resistivity.


e resolvent convergence of self-adjoint operators via the technique of €-convergence of quadratic forms is adapted to incorporate complex Hilbert spaces. As an application, we nd e ective operators to the Dirichlet Laplacian with magnetic potentials in very thin bounded tubular regions in space built along smooth closed curves; relatively weak regularity is asked for the potentials, and the convergence is in the norm resolvent sense as the cross sections of the tubes go uniformly to zero. Mathematics Subject Classi cation (2010). Primary: 81Q15; Secondary: 49R50, 35P20, 47B99.


Poster for the 2015 Graduate Student Symposium of the Federation of North Texas Area Universities. This poster discusses the ozone impact of shale gas activities in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex.


Results of the sustainability studies on the built environment field are mainly; ecological design, sustainable architecture, green buildings, building evaluation systems. On the other hand, efforts on sustainable industry have turned out some non-traditional concepts like well-planned zones, industrial ecology, industrial symbiosis and eco-industrial parks. It is aimed to further contribute to the design and implementation of sustainable and qualified superstructure in industrial zones in Turkey by analyzing these two subjects especially focusing on their intersections. Firstly the eco-industrial park concept and newly emerged Green OIZ Project in Turkey have been studied specifically in the context of green superstructure. Secondly, industrial buildings in Turkey which are evaluated or being evaluated with a certification system are detected and their data have been compiled. The interviews with the firms that had provided consultancy services for a significant part of those buildings, have been used for the discussion and interpretation of the collected data. At the end of the study, a model has been proposed to improve the sustainability of superstructure in industrial zones in Turkey.


Objective: To observe the effect on the abdominal microenvironment of the endometriosis rats by Neiyifang.Method: To compare the number and the activities of macrophages,the levels of VEGF in the peritoneal fluid of EM rats after using of Neiyifang.Results: The planting volumes were reduced,the number of macrophages in the peritoneal fluid is decreased after using of Neiyifang.It also can lower the levels of VEGF in the peritoneal fluid of the EM rats.Conclusion: Neiyifang can make the planting volumes smaller by reducing the number of macrohages and the level of VEGF in the peritoneal fluid of the EM rats.We can make the conclusion that the mechanism of Neiyifang for the treatment of EM is from inhabiting the angiogenesis.


A power amplifier (202, 330) is configured to operate in a first gain mode and a second gain mode. A first power amplifier input stage (208, 308) has an input and an output. A second power amplifier input stage (210, 310) has an input and an output, where the output of the second power amplifier input stage is coupled to the output of the first power amplifier input stage. The first input stage is turned on in response to a first bias voltage (222, 322) in the first gain mode and the second input stage is turned on in response to a second bias voltage (224, 324) in the second gain mode. Alternatively, a first input stage (208, 308) and an intermediate stage (212, 312) can be switched off by turning off their respective bias voltages (222, 322, 226, 326), and a second input stage (210, 310) can be switched on by turning on its respective bias voltage (224, 324); the intermediate stage and the second input stage sharing a common output.


The semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of blocks, wherein each block includes a memory cell array, and a plurality of data signals and outputs a redundant signal. The semiconductor memory device further comprising: at least a first multiplexer coupled to select one of the blocks and block; and a second multiplexer to the first multiplexer according to a redundant processing execution data signal and a redundancy block selection signal.


Immunocytomas are defined as disorders in the B‐lymphocyte series, characterized by production of an M‐component. After a basic description of the immunoglobulin molecule and the development of the cellular immune system by which it is built up, the production of M‐components is discussed in relation to possible aetiology and pathogenesis. The turn‐over of M‐components is mentioned, especially on the basis of the studies of Salmon and colleagues (Salmon, 1973) with reference to the different types of M‐components and to cellular aspects. The production of interferon and osteoclast activating factor is touched on, and a brief review is given of the most common clinical features of malignant immunocytomas. Finally, the interrelationship of the different manifestations of immunocytomas is described on the basis of the hypothesis put forward by Salmon & Seligmann (1974).


The reactions of diphenylamine and benzoyl isothiocyanates with phenacyl bromide or methyl 2-bromoacetate in the presence of triethylamine yield 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiazole derivatives. The molecular structures of [2-(diphenylamino)-4-phenylthiazol-5-yl](o-tolyl) methanone and methyl 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(diphenylamino)thiazole-5-carboxylate have been fully determined by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction methods.


This study examines the impact of various aerosol databases on the accuracy of irradiance predictions pertaining to the National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB) over the Americas. Compared to the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) space-borne observations, the various improvements that have been made to develop the SOLSUN aerosol database are described, using a monthly temporal resolution and a 4-km spatial resolution. Relative to MERRA-2, these improvements result in lower uncertainty in the solar irradiance components. The most recent version of the NSRDB now uses hourly MERRA-2 aerosol data with bias and elevation correction. This significantly improves the frequency distribution of hourly direct irradiance while having only a small impact on the annual solar resource, as suggested by the validation undertaken here at 12 control sites.


In this paper, we provide a comprehensive treatment of interpolation of data by nonnegative C(R) functions, hereby solving a special case of an important open problem in smooth nonnegative interpolation. First, we give an alternative proof of the Finiteness Principle, showing that k = 64 is sufficient as a finiteness constant, which substantially improves the one given by Fefferman, Israel, and Luli. Then, we prove the existence of a one-parameter family of extension maps of bounded depth. Such family gives rise to a Sharp Finiteness Principle that improves the computational practicality of the original one. Lastly, we exhibit two efficient algorithms. The first computes an extension with the assistance of an oracle; and the second computes the order of of magnitude of the nonnegative trace norm.


This manuscript represents a triggering device applied on long-gap triggered vacuum switch. The time delay between the optical signal and the pulse current is about 100ns. From the image of the initial plasma captured by the high speed camera, the triggering device presented in this manuscript is reliable.


In this study, we focus on the bending analysis of the 2 D FG nanoplate based on a new high-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). This kind of HSDT is one of the most accurate HSDT because the shape functions are selected as an accurate combination of exponential, trigonometric and polynomial functions. The mechanical properties of the nanoplate vary along the length and thickness, based on arbitrary functions. The small scale effect of the nanostructure is modeled according to the nonlocal theory of elasticity. The governing equations of the problem are obtained from Hamilton's principle, whereas the Galerkin method is proposed for a closed-form solution of the structural problem for simply-supported nanostructures. The work provides a unified framework for the mechanical analysis of both thin and thick plates. The effect of several parameters, such as the nonlocal parameter, as well as the mechanical and geometrical properties and FG indexes, are investigated on the bending deflection of the 2 D FG nanoplates. The numerical results from our investigation could be considered as valid benchmarks in the literature for possible further analyses of nanoplates.


This research considers the issue of franchisees who exit the franchise system in order to continue operating independently. The literature regarding incentives for entering franchising is reviewed in an attempt to reveal why franchisees become dissatisfied and leave. The use of power by the franchisor and its relationship to brand piracy by franchisees is explored. Franchisors and their current and former franchisees are interviewed to uncover insights into this phenomenon. Explanations concerning the effectiveness of contractual remedies, dissatisfaction with the franchise, level of dependence and expectations in the relationship, and franchisor-franchisee goal incongruence are proposed.


We have obtained a good-quality R ~ 400, 0.8-2.5 μm spectrum as well as accurate photometry of Gliese 570D, one of the coolest and least-luminous brown dwarfs currently known. The spectrum shows that Gl 570D has deeper absorptions in the strong water and methane bands at 1.12-1.17, 1.33-1.45, 1.62-1.88, and 2.20-2.45 μm and is both bluer at J - K and redder at K - L' than previously observed T dwarfs. Data analysis using model spectra coupled with knowledge of the well-understood primary implies that for the same surface gravity, Gl 570D is about 160 K cooler than Gl 229B. For an age range of 2-5 Gyr, Gl 570D has an effective temperature in the range 784-824 K, a surface gravity log g in the range 5.00-5.27 (cm s-2), and a luminosity in the range × 10-6 L☉.


SCETICISM has for generations been a central interest for scholars in the study of religion. In more recent years, Ahowever, as interdisciplinary studies have brought together often divergent disciplines,1 asceticism has emerged as a significant topic in the study both of religion and of philosophy in antiquity, especially in Late Antiquity.2 The study of religion, history of philosophy, and classics converge particularly well for studying the history of western asceticism. This essay explores the intersection of those interests by exploring the ascetical theory of the Roman philosopher Musonius Rufus. Musonius Rufus (ca 30–102 C.E.), born in Volsinii, was an Etruscan by birth and an eques by status. His influence as a philosopher, however, emerged from his teaching and political involvement in Rome. Cora Lutz, the English translator of Musonius' treatises, maintained that "he was at the height of his influence in the time of Nero," while his political interactions


This study proposes metal-assisted chemical etching (MAE) as a facile method to fabricate silicon nanowire (SiNW) array structures, with high optical confinement for thin crystalline silicon solar cells. Conventional SiNW arrays are generally fabricated on Si wafer substrates. However, tests on conventional SiNW-based solar cells cannot determine whether the photo-current is derived from SiNWs or from the Si wafer. Herein, SiNW arrays were fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate with a 10-μm-thick silicon layer for measuring the photocurrent of the SiNW only. The 9 μm-long p-type SiNW arrays were applied to a solar cell structure fabricated using an n-type H-doped amorphous Si layer, thereby confirming the photovoltaic effect. However, the device exhibited a conversion efficiency of 0.0017% because of a low short-circuit current (Jsc) and a low open-circuit voltage (Voc). The low Jsc resulted from a high series resistance and high absorption loss from the amorphous Si layer, whereas the low Voc resulted from the high surface recombination velocity of the SiNW array structure. Therefore, reducing the surface recombination of SiNW-based solar cells can improve their conversion efficiency.


We studied hypertensive older adults' processing of multimedia (text and picture) displays of hypertension information, and how reading patterns related to hypertension knowledge and passage comprehension. Eye movements of 23 older adults were tracked as they studied 4 text-picture passages. Eye movements were analyzed during and after participants first read the passage. Compared to the less knowledgeable participants, more knowledgeable participants spent a greater proportion of time looking at the text than the pictures when first reading passages, but focused more on pictures than text afterwards. This pattern of fixation time was also associated with more accurate passage comprehension.


The Waste Isolatian Pilot Plant (WIPP) opened on March 26,1999, for the permanent disposal of defense-generated transuranic (TRU) waste generated by and temporarily stored at the production sites. With WIPP open, efforts are now focused on achieving the Department of Energy's (DOE'S) strategic vision for WIPP and the National TRU Waste Program (NTP). This vision is to remove all TRU waste from DOE closure sites, to dispose of all legacy TRU waste from DOE sites with an ongoing nuclear mission, and to dispose of all newly generated TRU waste as it is generated.


Abstract The instability of a shear flow passing over a wavy wall with wave crests not perpendicular to the flow direction is investigated. The friction Reynolds number for the flow is large and the wave amplitude scaled on the wavelength is small compared with the viscous wall layer. The instability takes the form of a streamwise vortex of wavelength comparable to the viscous wall layer in which the basic flow adjusts to the presence of the wall. For a given wall amplitude, the instability considered is the first one to arise as the Reynolds number is increased and modes of wavelength comparable to the viscous layer grow much faster than modes of wavelength comparable to the wall wavelength. The instability is not driven by centrifugal or viscous effects but is a novel kind of cross-flow vortex instability associated with a spatially periodic flow; the existence of the instability is associated with the orientation of the wave crests. The instability is investigated for wavelengths comparable to the depth of the viscous wall layer; the limiting cases of large and small wavelengths are investigated asymptotically. At small wavenumbers and roughness heights the instability connects with disturbances of wavelength comparable to the wall wavelength. At high wavenumbers and roughness heights a new structure emerges and the disturbance moves away from the wall, that structure takes on a self-similar form with progressively faster variations in the streamwise and spanwise directions as the roughness height increases.


Summary In 1964 fragments of a fossilized human skeleton were found near Windhoek, South West Africa. The secondary calcium carbonate deposited on the bones indicates that they are older than 3 000 years B.P. The remains are essentially Khoisanoid in character but show a blend of the small-headed, short-statured Bush variety and of the large robust variety. If the skeleton is old enough, it may represent a type of proto-Khoisanoid, or even a type of proto-negriform, from which the Khoisan and Negro people diverged. Or, if the remains are more recent than the date at which the proto-Khoisanoids dichotomized into derivative Bushman and Hottentot populations, they may represent a little-changed survivor of the ancestral population.


Non‐random gamete fusion is one of several potential cryptic female choice mechanisms that have been postulated and that may enhance the survival probability of the offspring. Previous studies have found that gamete fusion in mice is influenced by genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region. Here we test (i) whether there is MHC‐dependent gamete fusion in whitefish (Coregonus sp.) and (ii) whether there is a link between the MHC and embryo susceptibility to an infection by the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. We experimentally bred whitefish and reared sibships in several batches that either experienced or did not experience strong selection by P. fluorescens. We then determined the MHC class II B1 genotype of 1016 surviving larvae of several full sibships. We found no evidence for MHC‐linked gamete fusion. However, in one of seven sibships we found a strong connection between the MHC class II genotype and embryo susceptibility to P. fluorescens. This connection was still significant after correcting for multiple testing. Hence, the MHC class II genotype can considerably influence embryo survival in whitefish, but gamete fusion seems to be random with respect to the MHC.


emphasis on assessment of student learning (Astin 1993; Hu and Kuh 2002; Pascarella and Terenzini 1991; Rau and Durand 2000) and on the use of instructional technologies (Brown 2003; Burge and Imel 2000; Meyer 2002) in higher education. This emphasis has caused sociologists to pay closer attention to learning theories as we seek to increase learning in sociology courses by more effectively engaging students. One of these theories, Astin's (1985) student involvement theory, suggests that students learn by becoming involved. Thus, to promote greater student learning, instructors should focus on what students are actually doing, that is the amount of time and energy students devote to the learning process. Astin (1985) argues techniques as simple as participating in small discussion groups, as opposed to listening passively to lectures, will increase student involvement and, hopefully, their learning. But just how involved is the typical college student in his or her own learning? A report from the National Survey of Student Engagement (2001) suggests that students are not living up to faculty expectations, spending only about half as much time preparing for class as their instructors believe is appropriate. Likewise, 22 percent of all students reported they frequently come to class unprepared. In their study of students' "academic ethic," Rau and Durand (2000) compared their findings from a less selective public university with the results of a previous study at a highly selective public university. They found that while 73 percent of students at the less selective institu-


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of the adverse drug reactions ( ADRs ) occurred in Panzhihua area in 2010 so as to provide reference for ADRs monitoring in Panzhihua area. METHODS: 691 cases of ADRs reports submitted to Sichuan ADRs monitoring center from January 1,2010 to December 31,2010 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: For the 691 ADRs cases,the occurrence of ADRs was mainly associated with patient's age,seasons,the application of antimicrobial agents,the drug category,and the route of intravenous drip infusion. The ADRs mainly manifested as lesions of skin and its appendants. CONCLUSION: ADRs monitoring should be strengthened and the characteristics of ADRs should be taken into consideration in an effort to minimize and avoid the occurrence of ADRs.


Results of investigation of a Ti:Al2O3 laser with cryogenic cooling and pumping with a high-power Ar+ laser of the MIL type are presented. The results show that Ti:sapphire laser with high-power multimode argon laser pumping can provide output powers on a TEM00-mode (at least greater than or equal to 40 W) with a high conversion efficiency. In effective cooling conditions the emission spectrum of such a laser with a resonator without selecting elements consists of one or several peaks approximately equals 2 nm wide.


China's feminism-oriented TV study should do more than following the achievements of western researchers,but be established on the ground of localization,that is,on the ground of Chinese TV culture and China's own TV study. Only based on that,can the sexism-centered TV industry in China be examined and dissected from a feminist point of view.


ABSTRACT Faculty members with families face well-documented challenges in managing the demands of work and life. However, we know less about the experiences of single faculty members. Using agency as a theoretical framework, we assessed whether faculty members have different experiences in enacting agency in work-life balance based on their partner status, gender, and rank. We found single faculty members, particularly single, women associate professors, felt less agency in their ability to balance work and life than their partnered peers. We offer policy recommendations for institutions to more equitably support all faculty members in negotiating work-life challenges.


Todd Olson is the Product Line Director for the Satellite and Microwave Fiber Group of the Ortel Division of EMCORE. Throughout his 11 years at Ortel he also has managed design engineering and application engineering groups supporting both RF fiber and 10 Gb/s digital products. Prior to Ortel he designed fibercoupled solid state lasers at Lightwave Electronics Corp. and earned Phi Beta Kappa, a BS with Distinction in Physics and an MS in Electrical Engineering: Administration, all from Stanford University.


ObjectivezzAmisulpride, a D2/D3 dopamine receptor blocker, shows efficacy against both negative symptoms in a low dose range and positive symptoms in a high dose range. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of amisulpride and haloperidol on the c-Fos expression in rat brain. MethodszzAmisulpride (0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg, ip) and haloperidol (0.1 and 1 mg/kg, ip) were administered to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Two hours after drugs or vehicle administration, rats were killed and their brains were perfused with fixative. The brains were cut at 40 μm on a freezing microtome. Brain regions of interest were medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), nucleus accumbens core and shell, hippocampus (CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus), central amygdala nucleus, basolateral amygdala nucleus and temporal cortex. To label cell bodies containing c-Fos, immunohistochemistry was performed. ResultszzThe administration of amisulpride in all doses (0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg) demonstrated greater c-Fos expressions in all of the investigated brain areas, compared to the vehicle. Interestingly, low doses (0.5 mg/kg) of amisulpride showed greater c-Fos expression in the mPFC than high dose of amisulpride (50 mg/kg). The administration of haloperidol (0.1 and 1 mg/ kg) also demonstrated greater c-Fos expressions in all of the investigated brain areas except mPFC, compared to the vehicle. ConclusionzzBoth amisulpride and haloperidol increased c-Fos expressions in limbic areas which are considered as the sites of antipsychotic effects. The findings that lower doses of amisulpride increased greater c-Fos expressions in the mPFC, may explain the beneficial effects of low dose of amisulpride on the negative or depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Korean J Psychopharmacol 2011;22:105-112


Science of hadith is accepted as the most important one among the Islamic sciences owing to examine the Prophet's words, acts and deeds. For to determine whether the reports attributed to Prophet is reliable has been quite important in terms of the protection of religion. However the state has taken an extremely simple job to attribute a report to the Prophet. It has been attributed a report to the Prophet without any assessment of the weak and fabrication. This paper will examine three hadiths and will be taken care of the wrong on this issue.


How to turning down the heat of aircraft infrared picture, how to get stealthy. To make a stealthy aircraft, designers had to consider a lot of key ingredients. This paper mainly introduces aircraft stealthy and discussed the efficiency of aircraft signature suppression. We describe testing process, measure and analyze the characteristics of aerosol scattering and absorption and present testing data of aircraft plume signature suppression. It covers the waveband from 2μm to 14μm. Another, infrared radiation temperature be minimized by a combination of temperature reduction and masking radiation temperature.


Strange attractors can arise from nonlinear dynamical systems, however, such attractors may also be used to drive complex dynamics. We outline a flexible deterministic formalism for such chaos-driven dynamics. By using a strange attractor to model each particle's internal state space, we present a new class of matter coined "strange-attractor-driven matter". As an illustrative example, we show how the strange-attractor-driven matter can be used for modeling dynamics and collective behavior reminiscent of active matter. This leads to a flexible model that can be used to generate a variety of active particle motions, for example run-and-tumble and run-reverse-flick motions, as well as more exotic motions such as curlicued trajectories with continuously-changing direction induced by a Lorenz attractor. When combined with particle interactions, these strange-attractor-driven particles gives rise to several characteristic active-matter phenomena such as clustering, jamming and flocking. In addition, the presented model enables active control over the motion of emergent clusters, with complex flocking features such as fusion, splitting and collisions of flocks emerging spontaneously. Beyond the illustrative example of active matter, the formalism of strange-attractor-driven dynamics presented in this paper may be applicable more broadly, to model complex dynamical and emergent behaviors in a variety of contexts.


The article deals with the prospects of the international development of Russian universities. As an example the program for the international development of Russian State Social University is taken.


We present solitary-wave solutions to a set of coupled nonlinear wave equations resulting from a model Lagrangian for a complex scalar (two-component) field in one space and one time dimension in the presence of fourfold phase anisotropy in the potential-energy density. We find two classes of solutions which correspond to 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} phase rotation, respectively. The 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} solution is found to bifurcate into two 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} solutions as the anisotropy magnitude is decreased past a special value. These results have application to commensurability-pinned one-dimensional charge-density-wave condensates and anisotropic ferromagnetic domain walls.


We describe an intelligent agent that provides students with suitable online argumentation strategies and rhetorical methods in a computer-supported collaborative argumentation environment. Computer-based arguments contain many regular patterns that occur with high frequency. Further more, these regular patterns are often related with argumentation strategies. Armed with this knowledge, the intelligent agent first retrieves regular patterns from high quality computer-based arguments, then saves them into its corpus of regular patterns. Each pattern is assigned with several suitable argumentation strategies and rhetorical methods. When students write articles either to support or to argue against a viewpoint, the intelligent agent can provide immediate strategies by matching regular patterns in related arguments. If a pattern is matched in arguments, it will retrieve argumentation strategies and rhetorical methods that are associated with that pattern, and then present them to the students. We implemented our intelligent agent on the platform of HyperNews. The regular pattern corpus has been tested with many webbased arguments. Experimental results show that, using our approach, students can readily improve the quality of their arguments with the help of this intelligent agent.


ONE standard approach to criminal punishment says that the state should set the penalties for criminal offenses to reflect the full costs that these wrongful acts impose on society. Setting optimal penalties in this way, however, raises an intellectual puzzle. Why would we expect to observe any crime if a system of optimal penalties were in place? If the penalty is correctly set so that a shoplifter internalizes the full social cost of stealing a product (at least its foregone price), why doesn't the shoplifter simply buy it? It seems hard to believe that the transaction costs of waiting in line and purchasing the good legally would ever be greater than the costs of stealing the item. Even the most casual shoplifting involves some costs of planning, some effort at avoiding detection, some attempt to avoid capture if discovered, and, of course, some expected legal costs if apprehended, tried, and convicted. Burglary undoubtedly involves even greater costs. On the other hand, murder in the presence of optimal penalties might not be so difficult to explain. For example, difficulties may arise because of state-dependent utility functions. It is possible to offer several explanations for the persistence of crime even when penalties are set at the optimal level. If individuals are risk takers, then the true value to them of stealing an item may be greater than the value of purchasing it legally. Alternatively, Posner has argued that the concern with accidentally imprisoning an innocent individual'


This paper presents a distortion-tolerant 3-D volume object recognition technique. Volumetric information on 3-D objects is recon- structed by x-ray imaging. We introduce 3-D feature extraction, volume matching, and statistical significance testing for the 3-D object recogni- tion. The 3D Gabor-based wavelets extract salient features from 3-D volume objects and represent them in the 3-D spatial-frequency domain. Gabor coefficients constitute feature vectors that are invariant to trans- lation, rotation, and distortion. Distortion-tolerant volume matching is per- formed by a modified 3-D dynamic link association (DLA). The DLA is composed of two stages: rigid motion of a 3-D graph, and elastic defor- mation of the graph. Our 3-D DLA presents a simple and straightforward solution for a 3-D volume matching task. Finally, significance testing de- cides the class of input objects in a statistical manner. Experiment and simulation results are presented for five classes of volume objects. We test three classes of synthetic data (pyramid, hemisphere, and cone) and two classes of experimental data (short screw and long screw). The recognition performance is analyzed in terms of the mean absolute error between references and input volume objects. We also confirm the ro- bustness of the recognition algorithm by varying system parameters. © 2005 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. (DOI: 10.1117/1.1844532) Subject terms: 3-D image processing; image reconstruction; image recognition; image classification; x-ray imaging systems.


Determination of subgrade strength for rigid pavements, i.e. k-value, is an important factor for the design of pavements. Various design manuals and practices suggest that the k-value should be determined by a plate bearing test at the natural subgrade. This value should be corrected for any stabilizing layer or other material laid over the subgrade (i.e., subbase course and base course) for pavement design purposes. This corrected k-value is thus used as an effective k-value by various designers. The Aerodrome Design Manual of ICAO suggests that plate bearing tests conducted on top of subbase courses can sometimes yield erroneous results, since the depth of influence beneath a 762 mm bearing plate is not as great as the depth of influence beneath a slab loaded with an aircraft landing gear assembly. In this instance a subbase layer can influence the response of a bearing plate more than the response of a loaded pavement. Some literature recommends an effective static k-value of one-half of the effective dynamic k-value, where the k-value back calculated by a falling-weight deflectomer (FWD) is considered as the dynamic k-value. In order to establish a relation between dynamic and static k-values in Indian conditions, plate load tests were conducted at many places at different airports on natural subgrade, on subsequent subbase and base course layers, and these were verified with designed k-values for individual layers. Further, the k-value achieved by heavy falling-weight deflectometer (HFWD) back-calculation after collection of deflection data on finished concrete pavement at the same locations was also compared. It was observed that in most of the cases the k-values calculated by HFWD readings were very close to the design k-value at the top of the base course (underneath the concrete slab) as well as those worked out with plate load tests. Therefore, it is recommended that the k-values calculated by HFWD data can suitably be used as input for overlay design.


The error in surface temperature of a thin plate in a vacuum as measured by an imbedded thermocouple is investigated experimentally and theoretically. It is found that the error is proportional to the 52 power of the absolute temperature provided the surrounding temperature is much lower than the plate temperature.


One hundred and twenty four patients with acute pericoronitis of impacted mandibular third molar were consecutively divided into two groups. The first group recieved pre-operative antibiotic before immediate removal of impacted teeth. The second group received antibiotic for five days before surgical extractions. The comparison in relation to postoperative pain, facial swelling and trismus were studied on thirty eight patients of the first group and eighteen patients of the second group who succeeded to keep their twenty four hours postoperative appointment. There were no significant difference on the degree of pain, facial swelling and trismus between the two groups (P > 0.05), which firmly supported the idea of immediate removal of impacted mandibular third molar with acute pericoronitis. The early operation can be done safely, at least as safe as extraction of impacted tooth without acute pericoronitis.


The use of Renyi entropy as an uncertainty measure alternative to variance leads to the study of states with quantum fluctuations below the levels established by Gaussian states, which are the position-momentum minimum uncertainty states according to variance. We examine the quantum properties of states with exponential wave functions, which combine reduced fluctuations with practical feasibility.


Some problems are considered in the navigational assignment of scientific measurements (the calculation of the position of the center of a spacecraft mass in space) as it applies to the Interkosmos series of artificial satellites. Possible models of disturbing forces and the corresponding perturbations in the orbits are analyzed. The following forces and their effect on artificial satellites are discussed: earth's gravity, atmospheric drag, the moon's gravity, the sun's gravity, and light pressure.


The introduction of natural-gas-powered thermoelectricity into the Brazilian generation sector can be considered as a very complex energy, economic, regulatory and institutional revision. Brazil is a country with very specific characteristics in electricity generation, as approximately 80% of the generating capacity is based on hydroelectricity, showing strong dependency on rain and management of water reservoirs. A low rate of investment in the Brazilian Electricity Industry in the period of 1995–2000, associated with periods of low rainfall, led to a dramatic lowering of the water stocks in the reservoirs. With this scenario and the growing supply of natural gas, both from within Brazil and imported, natural gas thermal electric plants became a good option to diversify the electrical supply system. In spite of the Brazilian Government's efforts to install such plants, the country was faced with severe electricity rationing in 2001. The objective of this work is to show the need to continue with the implementation of natural gas thermal electricity projects, in a manner that allows flexibility and guarantees greater working reliability for the entire Brazilian electricity sector. Taking into account the world trend towards renewable energy, the perspectives of usage of biofuels in the Brazilian Energy Matrix and in electrical energy generation are also analyzed. The very issue of electrical power efficiency in Brazil and its challenges and strategic proposals from the standpoint of Government Programs and results provided so far are presented. The technological constraints in order to put on stream the thermal electric plants are also analyzed. The article concludes with a positive perspective of the usage of natural gas as to be the third pillar in the Brazilian Energy Matrix for the years to come. r 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd.


absence both of oedema and of and it was found that the majority of showed nitrogen retention, and that on re-examination six years after onset there was still evidence of renal damage. Five criteria were then applied in combination to the total of 301 cases, and was found only one case out of entire series these criteria. It was concluded that acute focal nephritis is not a clinical entity.


This paper presents a method for a system level design optimization, using currently available commercial tools. A process outlining the optimization steps to be used was created based on performing topology optimization on important components and performing a conceptual topology optimization on the entire system. Using this process, a study was performed on a ceiling structure provided by an industry partner. From the design requirements, three primary areas were targeted for design optimization, the component level optimization of the cross beam component, the component level optimization of a roof attachment bracket, and the system level of the general roof structure. This study produced a design for the ceiling structure that reduced the total mass of the system by 34%, while also reducing the amount of total components in the system by 30%.


The present work deals with a teaching experience with students beginning their formation in engineering at a university level. It deals with a non traditional course of Calculus using concept mapping as a teaching tool. Considering learning by the students to be a development of both cognitive aspects as well as non-cognitive aspects, concept mapping was integrated into the course in order to develop different components of logical reasoning and spatial orientation, as well as to develop a component to the non-cognitive sphere: the self-concept. The teaching experience described represents a phase of experimentation forming part of research into the teaching of mathematics. It is an attempt to show that in the framework of the cognitive paradigm of education mathematics and teaching strategies with concept mapping as a tool can be considered as a means to the development of thought and affectivity, that is to say, for the cognitive and non-cognitive.


How to keep and fasten reliably the adjusted posture is always a key problem in large components assembly such as airplane. Based on the phase-change principle of low-melting-point alloy,a new posture following fixture method of large components and a posture following fixture are presented,and it is proved feasible and reliable by a series of experiments and calculations. The method is described as follows:heat and melt the low-melting-point alloy in the cylindrical metal,insert the mandrel rigidly jointed with the large component into the melted alloy,and cool the metal to keep and fasten reliably the mandrel without posture change,and lock the inner core rigidly connected with the cylindrical metal,reheat and remelt the low-melting- point alloy again to release the mandrel and to resume the adjustable posture of the large component.


Social media platforms have become a vital resource for individuals seeking information and support regarding health issues, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As such, the content generated on these platforms represents a valuable source of data for gaining insight into patients' perspectives on RA. However, previous research in this area has primarily relied on qualitative analyses of small sample sizes, limiting the ability to extract meaningful insights from social media content related to RA. With the advancement of machine learning techniques, it is now possible to analyze and extract insights from large volumes of social media posts related to RA.The purpose of this study was to identify the most common topics discussed in a large dataset of submissions about RA on Reddit, one of the world's largest online forums.The data for this study was collected from the two largest Reddit forums ("subreddits") dedicated to RA, r/rheumatoid arthritis and r/rheumatoid, which have 18.9k and 7.6k members respectively. We retrieved all submissions but excluded responses in our analyses. All deleted or duplicate submissions and those with fewer than 10 words were removed, retaining 11,094 submissions from over 5,000 users for the analysis. To identify common themes, we applied topic modeling, a technique in natural language processing that identifies underlying themes or topics in a collection of documents. We used the Bertopic Python package (Grootendorst, 2022), which employs deep learning techniques to perform the topic modeling.The data indicates a significant increase in submissions to the two subreddits, rising from 113 in 2014 to 2892 in 2021 and 1928 in the first 8 months of 2022. Upon analysis, 65 topics were identified, with 4162 submissions (37.5%) remaining unclassified. A topic specifically dedicated to requests to participate in surveys was removed as it did not pertain to the experiences of forum users. Among the remaining topics, the top 10 accounted for 44.90% of all submissions. To better understand each topic, a sample of 10 submissions with the highest probability for that topic were examined (Table 1).Table 1.Top 10 most frequent topicsTopicn of submissionsShare of total*Side effects of methotrexate5268.02%COVID & vaccines4627.04%Mental health4386.68%RF and anti CCP test results3315.04%RA of friends, partners, and close relatives2623.99%Complaints about rheumatologist2123.23%Questions about Humira1882.87%Questions about prednisone1822.77%Diets and RA1752.67%Early symptoms of possible RA1702.59%Exercise and RA1682.56%* After excluding unclassified topicsThree of the ten topics pertained to specific medications - methotrexate, Humira, and prednisone, accounting for 12.71% of the total. The most prevalent topic, at 8.02%, focused on the side effects of methotrexate, with many submissions inquiring about symptoms such as nausea. The second most common topic, at 7.04%, primarily revolved around COVID-19 and related issues, with some pre-COVID vaccine discussions also included. In 2021, COVID-related discussions were the most prevalent topic. The third most frequent topic (6.68% of total), dealt with mental health and the emotional struggles faced by those living with RA.The surge in submissions on Reddit demonstrates its growing popularity as an online forum for discussing topics related to RA. Utilizing deep learning-based topic modeling has proven to be an effective method for extracting meaningful topics from the questions and experiences shared by users. The vast amount of data generated by Reddit, in combination with advanced machine learning techniques, enables both an overview of the various topics discussed and a detailed examination of specific topics. This makes the use of social media data a valuable source of insight into the concerns of RA platform users.[1]Grootendorst, M. (2022). BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure.arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.05794.NIL.None Declared.


The characteristics of the network-based cooperative design system of mechanical product were analyzed.The existed problems were promoted.On this basis,the network-based and concurrent engineering-oriented cooperative design system of gears was introduced.The system architecture,framework model,running model and system reality of the system were discussed.Meanwhile,the modules of the system and some key technologies during its development were given.


Background: Theory of mind (ToM) is a fundamental aspect of social cognition. Previous studies on age-related changes in mentalizing processes have provided conflicting results. This study aims to investigate the age-related changes in the cognitive and affective components of ToM throughout adulthood. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-eight healthy participants divided into five age groups (18–40 years old; 41–50 years old; 51–60 years old; 61–70 years; 71–80 years old) underwent tasks assessing the cognitive (ToM Picture Sequencing Task, TMPS, and the Advanced Test of ToM, ATT) and affective (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task, RMET, and the Emotion Attribution Task, EAT) components of ToM, in both verbal and nonverbal modality. Results: Regarding affective ToM, both the youngest- and middle-old adult groups (61 to 80 years) performed worse than the young and youngest-middle adult groups (18 to 50 years) in the RMET, but no significant differences were found in the EAT. Regarding cognitive ToM, the middle-old adult group (71 to 80 years) performed worse than the young adult group (18 to 40 years) only in the TMPS, but no significant differences were found in the ATT. Conclusion: Rather than a general decline in ToM, our results provide evidence regarding selective changes in ToM in older adults, further confirming the dissociation of cognitive and affective ToM.


The maintenance and management of the cyber room are the important links of the IT teaching of the university.From two aspects of formulating the regulations and designing/applying the techniques from the cyber room management,this paper discusses on the significance of and measures for the maintenance and management of the cyber room.


Abstract : The organizations and governments that import and sell illegal drugs in the U.S. have done us more damage than any army that ever marched. They have corrupted individuals and organizations, drained capital and effort from productive ends, blighted the potential of millions of our people, and played a role in the deaths, injuries, and property losses of millions of victims of drug-related crime. Drug abuse has damaged our economy, divided our people, weakened our institutions, and killed or wounded many thousands of Americans. The drug trade is a greater threat to our national security our safety, health, and prosperity than any danger in our history except the specter of nuclear war.


The morphology diagram of possible structures in two-dimensional diffusional growth is given in the parameter space of undercooling \ensuremath{\Delta} versus anisotropy of surface tension \ensuremath{\epsilon}. The building block of the dendritic structure is a dendrite with parabolic tip, and the basic element of the seaweed structure is a doublon. The transition between these structures shows a jump in the growth velocity. We also describe the structures and velocities of fractal dendrites and doublons destroyed by noise. We introduce a renormalized capillary length and density of the solid phase and use scaling arguments to describe the fractal dendrites and doublons. The resulting scaling exponents for the growth velocity and the different length scales are expressed in terms of the fractal dimensions for surface and bulk of these fractal structures. All the considered structures are compact on length scales larger than the diffusion length and they show fractal behavior on intermediate length scales between the diffusion length and a small size cutoff which depends on the strength of noise. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.


This essay takes Yuan Region, in the northeastern Taiwan, as an example to show how western acting style formed and developed in Taiwan by discussing the development of "cultural drama" produced by Taiwan Culture Association, child's play performed in schools' matinees and "youth drama" made by the Youth Group (Seinendan). The development of "cultural drama" had to do with the wish that members of Taiwan Culture Association had to cultivate the intelligence of the general public. However, owing to the personnel and financial problems, "Minfong Troupe" (1928) and "Xinmin Troupe" (1932) once existing in Yilan were both disbanded soon after they had been set up. The development of child's play in Taiwan had to do with the new education movement in Japan due to the Renovation during the Meiji Period. The content of the performances given by children in common schools and Japanese schools included western and Japanese fables, fairy tales, songs and stories of great people adapted from what were taught in class, whose themes ranged from cultivating children's virtues to emphasizing the value of sacrificing oneself for the country. At the early stage, "youth drama" focused on getting rid of superstitions, promoting political orders and promoting the Japanese language. With the passing of the Kominka movement, "youth drama" was transformed as the "Theatre volunteer corps" (Engeki tenshin tai), promoting militarism. In performing activities of child's play, "youth drama" and "Theatre volunteer corps" supervised directly by the Japanese government, we can find the Japanese government making use of dramatic performances to console injured soldiers and family members of deceased soldiers and at the same time to encourage people to continue their loyalty to the emperor. The popularity of western acting style is due to the fact that people received new school education in Taiwan, or studied in Japan or Mainland China. Gradually, the general public considered people attending "spoken drama" better educated than those attending "traditional theatre". As a result, Taiwanese people started their prejudice against "traditional theatre " as lower than "spoken drama". After the year 1950, western acting styles, though still in great use, were adopted to promote the anti-communism and anti-Russia policy; because of the changed political situation, few people dared admit that they had joined the Youth Group or "Theatre volunteer corps". Consequently, the history of this period remained obscure.


This paper presents a prototype design and construction of the smart multi-level soil moisture sensing system. The system consists of 3 3-level soil moisture probes whose length of each is adjustable. The soil moisture probe is equipped with the microcontroller unit, the solar panel, and the long range (LoRa) communication module. The capacitive sensing technique is chosen due to its satisfying accuracy, low cost, and low complexity. Each probe measures the response frequency due to capacitance variation associated with the soil moisture. The response frequency is then transmitted wirelessly over the long range wide area network (LoRaWAN) to the network server. The mathematical model of the actual moisture content (MC) vs measured response frequency was developed. The model was optimized to achieve the optimal correlation R-square of 0.8996. The measured moisture contents are validated by the actual ones. It is found that the average error is only ±2.87%MC. The web application is finally developed to display soil moisture contents.


Abstract A 'basic solution' for multiphase catalysis: The diastereoselective synthesis of a pharmaceutically relevant 4-aminopentanoic acid derivative has been studied using a chiral homogeneous catalyst in tailored biphasic reaction media. Different polar solvents were investigated as the stationary phase for the well-established Ru–Mandyphos catalyst in combination with aqueous NaOH as the substrate and product phase. Facile product isolation and effective recycling of the catalyst phase were demonstrated at gram-scale. In particular, up to 3200 turnovers have been achieved in seven repetitive batches with a diastereoselectivity of 87–96% using [EMIM][NTf2]/NaOHaq as the biphasic system.


Let A be a C*-algebra. For each Banach A-bimodule X, the second continuous Hochschild cohomology group H2(A, X) of A with coefficients in X is defined (see [6]); there is a natural correspondence between the elements of this group and equivalence classes of singular, admissible extensions of A by X. Specifically this means that H2(A, X) ≠ {0} for some X if and only if there exists a Banach algebra B with Jacobson radical R such that R2 = {0}, R is complemented as a Banach space, and B/R ≅ A, but B has no strong Wedderburn decomposition; i.e., there is no closed subalgebra C of B such that B ≅ C © R. In turn this is equivalent to db A ≥ 2, where db A is the homological bidimension of A; i.e., the homological dimension of A#, the unitization of A, as an,A-bimodule [6, III. 5.15]. This paper is concerned with the following basic question, which was posed in [7].


Bonazzola, Gourgoulhon, Grandcl\'ement, and Novak [Phys. Rev. D 70, 104007 (2004)] proposed a new formulation for $3+1$ numerical relativity. Einstein equations result, according to that formalism, in a coupled elliptic-hyperbolic system. We have carried out a preliminary analysis of the mathematical structure of that system, in particular, focusing on the equations governing the evolution for the deviation of a conformal metric from a flat fiducial one. The choice of a Dirac gauge for the spatial coordinates guarantees the mathematical characterization of that system as a (strongly) hyperbolic system of conservation laws. In the presence of boundaries, this characterization also depends on the boundary conditions for the shift vector in the elliptic subsystem. This interplay between the hyperbolic and elliptic parts of the complete evolution system is used to assess the prescription of inner boundary conditions for the hyperbolic part when using an excision approach to black hole space-time evolutions.


A stable form-phase change materials (PCM), based on capric-lauric acid eutectic served as the absorption material and the support of nano-silica material to prepare by sol-gel method. The best ratio capric-lauric acid eutectic combination is determined for 60 wt. %. Capillarity because of the influence of the hydrogen bonding, fatty acid and eutectic can be fixed in the three dimensional network structure of the construction of the silicon atom bonds and O still so solid sample melting point composite heating more fatty acid eutectic. Form and chemical properties of the composite phase change the transmission electron microscope, semi and Fourier transform infrared method.- Differential scanning calorimetric hot method is used for measuring phase transition temperature and phase change of latent heat composite, value 19.57 and 71.28 J/g , respectively. At the same time, service performance and other composite material thermal stability and thermal conductivity coefficient test using thermo gravimetric analysis and transient hotline method, respectively.


While many nations lay a claim to supporting "family values", these values may be interpreted in a variety of ways. How do nations support families, particularly families with children? What strategies do different nations take, and how do these strategies lead to different outcomes? In this paper, we show how different combinations of policies that support family caregiving and those that de-familialize caregiving lead to significantly different outcomes. We show that nations with stronger levels of both kinds of policies have lower poverty levels than those with weaker levels of these policies, but that strong levels of policies that support family caregiving and weak levels of de-familializing policies have more varied results, with higher levels of poverty, particularly for families headed by single mothers. In addition, this research illustrates significant variation among "continental Conservative" countries, and suggests the importance of a less static approach to welfare state regimes, which also fully recognizes the centrality of gender relations to labor market and welfare state policies.


We consider the question of how to predict air temperatures a year in advance. We introduce a new prediction scheme that generalizes the standard flat line and best fit linear trend models and gives RMSE optimal predictions when the real trend is linear.


With divorce rate on the ascendancy, worldwide, increasing number of vulnerable children are growing up in "broken homes". Although divorce affect all children not all children react to it the same way. To some children, parental divorce is a personal tragedy, for other children, it is an escape from stressful lifestyle of family conflicts. Each child's personal factors and associated family dynamics determine how children react to parental divorce. The current study aimed at achieving two purposes - to ascertain various reactions of participants to parents' divorce, and to identify factors (personal, familial or environmental) which played significant influences on participants' reactions. Participants comprised fifteen children (9 girls and 6 boys, with a mean age of 14.4 years) of a primary school in a suburb of Durban, South Africa. They were selected purposively although participation in the study was voluntary, parents had to consent to children's participation. Data collection was by face-to-face individual interview. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed varying patterns of reactions to parental divorce. Emotional and behavioural reactions commonly reported by participants include shock, disbelief, sadness, anger, confusion, loss, betrayal, rejection, abandonment and humiliation. Age, gender and varying family circumstances were found to have influenced participants' reactions to parents' divorce.


This study presents a methodology to estimate two distinct fractal dimensions of natural river basin by using fractal tree concept. To this end, an analysis is performed on fractal features of a complete drainage network which consists of all possible drainage paths within a river basin based on the growth process of fractal tree. The growth process of fractal tree would occur only within the limited drainage paths possessing stream flow features in a river basin. In the case of small river basin, the bifurcation process of network is more sensitive to the growth step of fractal tree than the meandering process of stream segment, so that various bifurcation structures could be generated in a single network. Therefore, fractal dimension of network structure for small river basin should be estimated in the form of a range not a single figure. Furthermore, the network structures with fractal tree from this study might be more useful information than stream networks from a topographic or digital map for analysis of drainage structure on small river basin.


A water-paint for plastics (ABS, PS, HIPS, PC/ABS, PAM, PVC, etc) is prepared from water-dispersed polymer resin water pigment slurry, water filler slurry, filming aid, assistance for water paint, and water.


In the past,researchers could not make sure whether there were faults in the Mid Gasfield in Ordos Basin.With the progress in development and more available data,two groups of shear faults with NE direction and NW direction in the gasfield were found during the formation comparison and seismic data interpretation.There are four kinds of combination forms,namely,faulted-steps combination with co-existence of normal and reverse faults,same-dip normal and reverse faults combination,same-dip normal faults combination,and back-folding reverse faults combination.These two groups of faults were generated due to the strong tectonic movement during the Yanshan and Himalayan periods.Their properties and distribution features are consistent with the regional structural field.The associated micro-fractures around the faults greatly improve the permeability of the reservoir and have a great significance for developing the gas reservoir with low permeability.Production capacity analysis of relevant gas producers indicates that 80% of the productive gas producers are located in the faulted-block trap,showing the obvious effect of faulted-block on gas/oil accumulation.