University of Regensburg, 93 053 Regensburg, Germany(Dated: January 12, 2011)The electronic spectra of long carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can, to a very good approximation, beobtained using the dispersion relation of graphene with both angular and axial periodic boundaryconditions. In short CNTs one must account for the presence of open ends, which may give rise tostates localized at the edges. We show that when a magnetic eld is applied parallel to the tube axis,it modi es both momentum quantization conditions, causing hitherto extended states to localize nearthe ends. This localization is gradual and initially the involved states are still conducting. Beyonda threshold value of the magnetic eld, which depends on the nanotube chirality and length, thelocalization is complete and the transport is suppressed.


The evolution of the filamentation instability produced by two counter-streaming pair plasmas is studied with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations in both one (1D) and two (2D) spatial dimensions. Radiation friction effects on particles are taken into account. During the nonlinear stage of the instability, a strong broadening of the particle energy spectrum occurs accompanied by the formation of a peak at twice their initial energy. A simple theory of the peak formation is presented. The presence of radiative losses does not change the dynamics of the instability but affects the structure of the particle spectra.


As the impact of upcoming climate change scenarios on livestock feeding security (quality, availability, and price), applying alternative feedstuffs is a must. Fattening calves considered as a most process related to traditional feeding system. In the present study we purposed new feedstuffs for fattened calves consisting citrus pulp silage, wheat germ, barley sprout and molasses. Within the above feedstuffs we using mechanical, chemical, and biological treatments. Moreover, the present study evaluates the production performance of 14 male cross Friesian calves (7 per each group) for adding 10ml/calve/day probiotic ZAD in treated group. Weight data where used to calculate Average Daily Gains ADG, nutrients digestibility, boneless meat percent, and feed conversion rate. From our results applying probiotics (ZAD) increased significantly (P<0.05) ADG in the hall fattened period by 1.011±0.107 kg/calve/day and 0.886±0.107kg/calve/day, also, increased the percent of boon less meat from 51.097±1.140 % and 44.410±1.518% in the treated control group respectively. Applying probiotic increasing significantly (P<0.05) digestibility of nutrient detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber by 42.853±7.092 and 54.010±3.774 in treated group compared with 25.180±7.902 and 37.679±3.774 respectively. Based on the results of the present study concluded that the effect of probiotic treatment on feed conversion rate of intake nutrients showing significant different (P<0.05) in Total Intake of Digestible Nutrients TDNI was higher in control group (4.579) compared with treated group (3.305). However, Dry Matter Intake DMI and Crud Protein Intake CPI tended to be higher in control group compared with treated group. In conclusion applying probiotics in agriculture byproduct silage in presence of sprout, molasses and wheat germ results in improving in nutrients digestibility, growth performance, and feed conversion rate of fattened calves. Based on our results we recommend such feeding system as a solution in calves' meat production to facing the upcoming climate change scenarios (i.e. direct and indirect effects on livestock sector.


In 2011, while investigating fundamental groups of wild spaces, K.Eda [7] showed that the fundamental group of the Hawaiian earring (the Hawaiian earring group, in short) has the property that for any homomorphism h from it to a free product A*B, there exists a natural number N such that is contained in a conjugate subgroup to A or B. In the present article, we prove a corresponding property for certain HNN extensions and amalgamated free products. This allows us to show that some one-relator groups, including Baumslag–Solitar groups, are n-slender.


Prior to overt differentiation when they express recognizable phenotypes, cells in developing organisms are thought to pass through a state of determination in which
the decision regarding their future fate is made. Although the outcome of these processes is generally assumed to be fixed, there are numerous examples in which differentiated
cells can partially or totally switch their fate.


Today, religions in most countries in the world are involved in political activities, directly or indirectly influencing citizens' perceptions of state legitimacy. In actively investigating alternative strategies for maintaining their media presence, religions enthusiastically adopt electronic and digital media technologies, thereby reconfiguring traditional practices of religious mediation. While approaches to teaching religion in public schools and higher educational institutions can take various forms, the increased involvement of religion in the public sphere can be understood in the context of ongoing changes in value systems. This indicates the importance of placing appropriate emphasis on the agency of religious interest groups from both conceptual and empirical perspectives. The respective role of various religions in public spaces is highly dependent on the historical-cultural background of the particular religion in the given state (although this can change over time); moreover, a religion that is considered to be in the majority in one setting, could be a minority in another, and vice versa. Thus, the question facing contemporary research into religion and society includes a consideration of how the new situation should be understood, studied and analysed. Generally speaking, relations between religious majorities and minorities, which form the major focus of the current issue of Changing Societies & Personalities, depend on the socio-historical context of a particular country. No agreement has so far been reached among scholars concerning the definition of majority/minority. In this respect, various aspects of the problem have been considered, including size, minority-to-majority ratio, objective and subjective criteria, minorities' origin and nationality. Some scholars argue that the very distinction between majority and minority almost automatically imports discrimination, thus leading to disadvantaging certain actors in the public sphere. Indeed, distinguishing groups, which are dangerous to a society and should be subject to state control, is an incredibly challenging task. In addition, the historical majority/minority ratio depends on migration processes, i.e. on the global expansion of religions from those countries, in which they constitute the majority religion, to nations, in which they become one of the many minority religions. At the same time, immigrant groups that are religious minorities in their countries of


The open settlement of Němcice in Moravia (Czech Republic) provides evidence of local glass-working, the earliest so far identified in La Tene Europe. By the LT C1 period at the latest the workshop produced artefacts usually classified as "Celtic glass". The assemblage of over 2000 objects includes not only hundreds of finished products such as glass bracelets, rings, spacers and beads, but also a considerable quantity of glass-working waste, semi-products and raw glass. A series of glass samples from Němcice and other European sites were submitted to SEM-EDS and NAA analyses. Their results confirmed the similar chemical composition of the glass-working component and finished products from the site to that of other La Tene glass assemblages. Comparison of chemical and archaeological data points to the significance and limits of the applied analytical methods for different aspects of pre-Roman glass research.


Carbon nanotubes are often imagined to be pristine, defect-free objects, but different types of synthesis and processing are known to result in materials of different qualities. We have developed a method for the quantitative characterization of nanotube defect densities which can readily be used to compare nanotubes from different batches or processes. The method relies on the enhanced chemical reactivity of defect sites as compared to the graphene lattice. By tailoring the potentials used in electrochemical deposition, we selectively seed the growth of metal particles at reactive defect sites without decorating the bulk of a carbon nanotube. Using this technique, nominally identical synthesis runs have produced defect densities varying from 1 defect per 100 nm down to 1 defect per 10,000 nm. Because the particles can be grown arbitrarily large, simple optical imaging can be used to generate wafer-scale statistics.


We present TURB-Lagr, a new open database of 3d turbulent Lagrangian trajectories, obtained by Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of the original Navier-Stokes equations in the presence of a homogeneous and isotropic forcing. The aim is to provide the community interested in data-assimilation and/or Lagrangian-properties of turbulence a new testing-ground made of roughly 300K different Lagrangian trajectories. TURB-Lagr data are influenced by the strong non-Gaussian fluctuations characteristic of turbulence and by the rough and non differentiable fields. In addition, coming from fully resolved numerical simulations of the original partial differential equations, they offer the possibility to apply a wide range of approaches, from equation-free to physics-based models. TURB-Lagr data are reachable at http://smart-turb.roma2.infn.it


ABSTRACT In the English language contemporary literature, there are mainly two philosophical approaches to interpretation of the Zhuangzi's Happy Fish debate. The two approaches to the famous passage are the logical, which focuses on analysis, and the non-analytic, which focuses on context. The approaches are in tension with one another since one implies that the other is wrong. This paper suggests that the view that Zhuangzi holds an externalist view of justification according to the debate (here abbreviated as ZE) reconciles the approaches. ZE is the interpretation that says that in the debate, Zhuangzi is an externalist, in particular, a process reliabilist, because he takes sense perception as means to attaining knowledge. ZE reconciles the two approaches in that in each of them ZE is implicit. Ultimately, this paper not only offers a perspective about the two approaches, it also offers a view about the debate.


Despite government measures to control the birth rate in Pakistan and spreading awareness about family planning through advertisements, the Pakistani population growth rate is still high. Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) banned advertisements of contraceptives because of the complaints and pressure of a religious section of society. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of positive and negative feelings of viewers toward advertisements of family planning on behavioral intentions to adopt family planning methods. Data were collected from the 525 Pakistanis using a cross-sectional study design. The study adopted snowball sampling through the personally-administered method. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the study hypotheses. Findings of the study show that PF is an important factor in influencing intention to adopt family planning methods; while NF has no significant influence on intention. Conclusively, this research has added valuable contributions, both practically and theoretically in the advertising field.


AIM To compare effects of the M receptor subtype agonists and antagonists on the specific QNB binding to the M receptor subtype of rabbit iris. METHODS Radioligand receptor binding assay. RESULTS All agents inhibited the specific binding between QNB and M receptor of rabbit iris. The more the dose increased, the more the effect increased. The order of inhibitory potency of M receptor agonists is erycibele alkaloidaceclidinepilocarpine, the order of antagonists is 4 DAMPpirenzepinegallamine. CONCLUSION M 3 receptor subtype is predominant in miosis effect of rabbit.


Harris attempts to combine a moral seriousness akin to Sotirios Barber's (The Constitution of Judicial Power, 1993) with a resolute dismissal of moral foundations. The constitutional interpreter seeks, says Harris, reasonableness, coherence, viability, and wholeness but no grounding in external standards or universal moral principles. Harris's Constitution is a constructed and self-contained order—a "public system of signs sheltering a widely available lucidity about public matters," a "stipulated public universe" grounded in nothing but its interpretability (pp. 12, 14, 102). A community of conscientious interpreters, Harris asserts, is self-sustaining and in need of no foundational account of the nature of moral reality. Harris thus appears to join Rawls in claiming that one can put aside foundational questions without embracing the sort of moral flipness found in much of Richard Rorty's work. Despite their similarities, the postures of Harris and Rawls also seem decidedly at odds. (It is too bad that Harris never engages with Rawls's current project). Rawls would have us put aside foundational issues subject to reasonable disagreement without asserting the truth of a particular reasonable view (the range of reasonable foundational views being limited). Rawls does not deny that there is a "true" account of the trust as a whole, he only asserts that reasonable people can disagree (within a certain range) about what the truth might be. Harris's constitutionalism, on the other hand, sometimes appears to rest on a very definite and particular foundational view—a morally skeptical conventionalism. Harris relies, after all, upon a distinctively Hobbesian rendering of the problem of political order. Hobbes emphasized the radical nature of prepolitical disorder in order to justify political absolutism. Harris also views constitutions as hedges against primal chaos and "the nothingness of disorder and darkness" (p. 49; see also pp. 51, 73, 107, 174, 176). Harris is not out to justify absolutism; rather, he deploys the trope of the darkness and chaos outside the constitution's bounds to emphasize the absence of any external grounding for constitutional meaning. All this also serves to dramatize the Constitution's radically constitutive consequences for social life and citizen character. It is odd, however, to portray the Constitution as independent of a variety of preexisting sources of order and meaning: the British constitutional tradition, shared beliefs about natural rights, the family, economic markets, the state constitutions, and the English language. Even the Declaration of Independence is completely missing from Harris's account. Harris's point seems to be that none of these sources provides an external standard for settling constitutional meaning, any more than do natural law or the unwritten intentions of the framers. To posit such an external source of meaning would make a mockery of the form of words that were solemnly ratified, that claim to be supreme law, and that we take (or should take) so much pains to interpret; it would deny the fundamentality of this form of words. Talk of darkness and chaos beyond the constitution's well-lit space may not, then, be intended to disparage the importance of history, rights theory, and other matters. It may only imply that all claims to constitutional meaning must be cashed out from within the (at least somewhat) autonomous enterprise of constitutional interpretation. Harris is acutely aware that the success of the Constitution depends upon its ability to fundamentally reconstitute the polity as a whole in its own image. The radicalism of Harris's constitutionalism is a useful corrective to the bland superficiality of the dominant legalistic models and some liberal theory. Even so, it is far from clear that the need for such a corrective justifies Harris's claim (recurring and melodramatic) that only void and darkness lie beyond the Constitution's orderly and well-lit space. The Constitution constitutes radically—transforming families, churches, and even language in its own image—but it does not create order out of sheer chaos. The Constitution constitutes, but only to a degree. If Harris's view were to take hold, his own corrective would need correcting. The Constitution is one of our shared practices, but not the only one. Philosophy, history, comparative politics, and other disciplines allow us to imagine alternative constitutions and to keep some critical distance on our own. The very radicalism of Harris's constitutionalism puts that distance in jeopardy. That radicalism and its implicit flirtation with nihilism also jeopardize the faith in public reason that elevates Harris's conception of political authority above mere willfulness. Perhaps, however, Harris's point is that within a successful constitutional order such as ours, real critical distance is far more difficult to achieve than is usually imagined. The Constitution constructs its ideal readers as its citizens. One might always suspect, therefore, that claims to critical distance are a conceit—that the only standpoints available are hopelessly in thrall to the deep practices and presuppositions of the regime that simply make us what we are. Such reflections can indeed lead one to entertain nihilistic possibilities, and here, again, Harris has a disquieting point.


The effect of magnesium powder addition on waste activated sludge(WAS) fermentation under the condition of 20 ℃ and pH=10 was investigated. The results show that adding magnesium powder does not affect WAS solubilisation, but can enhance volatile fatty acid(VFA) production, and the optimal addition is 0.01 g per gram TSS. The compositions of VFA are in following order(from big to small): acetic acid, n-butyric acid, iso-valeric acid, propionic acid, iso-butyric acid, n-valeric acid for any conditions investigated. The most and least concentrations of ammonia in the fermentation liquid are achieved when adding amounts are 0.01 and 0 g/g, respectively. The concentrations of phosphorus in the fermentation liquid decreases with the increase of the adding amounts


The purpose of this study was to examine the causal relationship among participation motivation, sport goal orientation, and continuance intention of baseball club members. The participants of this study consisted of 277 members from baseball clubs located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungcheong areas. Samples were extracted by convenient sampling method. A total of 276 data were used except data which did not respond or trustlessly responded. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Amos for Window 18.0 and frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis were performed along with structural equation model (SEM). The findings are as follows: First, the motivation factor had positive effect on self orientation and goal orientation factors. Second, self orientation factor had positive effect on reliability and affinity factors. Third, goal orientation factor had positive effect on reliability, availability, and affinity factors.


Background : The reports on the number of drug abuse in Indonesia by the National Narcotic Agency (NNA) showed 3.3 million drug users in 2008 and 3.8 million drug users in 2014 in which its number keeps increasing year after year. The number of teenagers who become drug users in Cirebon is quite high, i.e. 25% compared to unemployed people of 19%, and followed by private employees and government employees of 56%. Data from community health center show that drug users who underwent treatment and were sent to rehabilitation center in 2017 were 32 people; it was higher than in 2016, i.e. 10 people. Adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood. There are several factors influencing mental abilities, knowledge, and attitudes. It makes adolescents may consume narcotics, psychotropic abuse and other drug addictive substances. The community health center of Kesunean has an Integrated service post (ISP) program called REMPONG PISAN (an ISP who cares for HIV/AIDS and Narcotics) aiming to make adolescent understand about HIV/AIDS and drugs and to make them healthy. This ISP program is conducted once a month with one of the activities is education about HIV/AIDS and drugs. Aim: To observe the correlation of adolescent's knowledge and attitudes to drugs with drug abuse behavior among adolescents at the ISP. Method: This research was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample was determined using consecutive sampling technique during the implementation of the ISP at the 2 neighborhood in the community health center of Kesunean. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation to determine the correlation of adolescent's knowledge and attitudes to drugs with drug abuse behavior among adolescents. Results: Statistical analysis shows that there was no significant correlation between knowledge and drug abuse behavior (p = 0.180 and; r = -0,201), there was no significant correlation between attitudes with drug abuse behavior (p = 0.264; r= -0,168), however, there was a significant correlation between knowledge and attitudes towards drug abuse (p = 0.000; r = 0,710 ** ). Conclusion: The better the adolescent's knowledge about drugs, the better their attitude will be. In this case, good teen behavior is influenced by good knowledge and attitude.


This is a report of unique computer tools developed for teaching of the design of digital control systems at the University of Wyoming. The real-time components of the laboratory involve a programmable digital filter which may be used as an open-loop filter or a closed-loop compensator and a programmable digital state estimator/controller for implementation of estimated state feedback control strategies. The off-line portion involves a comprehensive design tool 'The Digital Control Designer' which runs on a minimally expanded personal computer.


Piper eolubrinum Link, a wild species in the genus Piper that are resistant to Phytophthora foot rot disease has been identified as a potential source of resistance traits for Pepper (Piper nignlm L.) improvement. As a preliminary step to identify and characterize the gene(s) responsible in the plant defense response against Phytophthora foot rot disease, total RNA was extracted using CTAB and Tri Reagent method from both infected and non-infected leaves of P. eolubrinum. Good quality total RNA was successfully isolated using Tri Reagent method, and first strand cDNA was synthesized using oligo (dT)15 ACP for DDRT-PCR analysis. Internal control using a housekeeping gene, elongation factor I-a (efla) in RT-PCR was successfully amplified the gene . Two-stages PCR cycle of the DDRT-PCR without modification failed to amplify any products. Preliminary optimization of PCR condition for DDRT-PCR using ACP system was carried out by increasing the number of cycles in first-stage PCR from 1 to 5, with increased holding time for denaturation, annealing and extension in all cycles. Increased concentration of Mg2+ ions to 3.5 mM resulted in increased PCR products formation . However, the PCR condition needs further optimization to enable DDRT-PCR analysis for P. eolubrinum.


Background: Results on the strength and displacement of internal fixation methods for bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy are controversial, and some designs have not been adequately studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare techniques using bicortical or monocortical screws. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 35 sheep hemi-mandibles were randomly assigned to five groups of seven each: fixation using (1) a 13 × 2 screw, (2) two 13 × 2 screws (arranged vertically), (3) three 13 × 2 screws, (4) 1 plate with 4 holes and four monocortical screws, and (5) a Y-shaped plate and five monocortical screws. Specimens underwent vertical forces until failure. Breakage forces and displacements of groups were recorded and compared statistically. Using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Tukey's post hoc test and Kruskal–Wallis test. Level of significance was predetermined as 0.05. Results: Strengths of Groups 1–5 were, respectively, 14.43 ± 4.35, 28.00 ± 8.89, 28.29 ± 8.01, 29.43 ± 8.24, and 61.29 ± 12.38 N, respectively (P = 0.000, analysis of variance). The corresponding displacement extents were 7.98 ± 0.04, 7.85 ± 0.26, 8.00 ± 0.00, 7.35 ± 1.73, and 6.79 ± 2.03 mm (P = 0.298, Kruskal–Wallis test). Conclusion: Use of a single bicortical screw is the weakest method, while Y-shaped plates might provide the highest strength. Using two or three bicortical screws or 4-hole plates might deliver similar strengths.


Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is believed to arise from the accumulation of a series of somatic mutations and is also frequently associated with pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions. However, there is still debate as to whether the cell-type-of-origin of PanINs and PDACs in humans is acinar or ductal. As cell type identity is maintained epigenetically, DNA methylation changes during pancreatic neoplasia can provide a compelling perspective to examine this question. Here, we performed laser-capture microdissection on surgically resected specimens from 18 patients to isolate, with high purity, DNA for whole-genome bisulfite sequencing from four relevant cell types: acini, non-neoplastic ducts, PanIN lesions, and PDAC lesions. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified using two complementary analytical approaches: bsseq, which identifies any DMRs but is particularly useful for large block-like DMRs; and informME which profiles the potential energy landscape across the genome and is particularly useful for identifying differential methylation entropy. Both global methylation profiles and block DMRs clearly implicated an acinar origin for PanINs. At the gene level, PanIN lesions exhibited an intermediate acinar-ductal phenotype resembling acinar-to-ductal metaplasia. In 97.6% of PanIN-specific DMRs, PanIN lesions had an intermediate methylation level between normal and PDAC, which suggests from an information theory perspective that PanIN lesions are epigenetically primed to progress to PDAC. Thus, epigenomic analysis complements histopathology to define molecular progression toward PDAC. The shared epigenetic lineage between PanIN and PDAC lesions could provide an opportunity for prevention by targeting aberrantly methylated progression-related genes.


In shape memory alloys (SMAs), strain of 6% is recovered by heating or unloading: shape memory effect (SME) or superelasticity (SE), respectively. In the loading process, strain appears due to the stress-induces martensitic transformation (SIMT) and diminishes due to the reverse transformation (RT) by heating or unloading. The deformation properties due to the SIMT differ depending on temperature and loading rate. The loading rate is designated by strain rate and stress rate. In the present paper, the influence of loading rate on the deformation behaviors is investigated for TiNi SMA. The deformation behaviors are observed by local strain, temperature variation by the thermography and transformation band on the surface of specimen.


A fabrication technique for fused taper couplers is described. Coupling coefficients are calculated for fibres with raised, depressed and matched refractive-index profiles, and optimum V-values for coupling are found. These suggest a shorter coupler geometry differing from the biconical taper. The high taper loss in depressed cladding fibres is shown to correspond to the presence of the leaky LP01-mode. The wavelength response has been measured for various couplers and fitted theoretically. Coupling periods as small as 12 nm demonstrate potential use for couplers as wavelength-division multiplexers. The dependence of coupling on the refractive index of the surrounding medium has been measured. Thus couplers have also demonstrated potential as temperature sensors and optical switches.


This is a review article of Several Collections of Oracular Inscriptions in Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, [and] Belgzum by Fr. Jean A. Lefeuvre.l The present volume forms a companion volume to the Collections of Oracular Inscriptions in France (Taipei, Paris, San Francisco: Ricci Institute, 1985; hereafter "French Collections"), also authored by Fr. Lefeuvre. He deserves a great deal of credit for making the major European collections of Shang oracle-bone inscriptions a+zailable to scholars.2 Since the book hereafter "European Collections" is divided into two parts, Catalogue and Commentary,3 I will divide this review in the same manner. In the first part I begin by providing a review of the Catalogue, and then address what ought to be a more important topic in the field, the methodology of reading the inscriptions. In the second part, I will attempt to establish some


The utility model relates to a pressure regulative absorber, which comprises a movable rod, a supporting rod and shock absorption springs which are arranged between the two rods. A cavity which is used for the movable rod to make expansion and contraction inside is arranged on one end of the supporting rod; the cavity is sheathed on one end of the movable rod. The utility model with the advantages of simple structure and light weight can regulate the pre-press amount of the spring according to the size of the load, so as to meet the requirement of the shock absorption. The pressure regulative absorber is especially suitable for light vehicles: bicycles, tricycles, etc.


African Americans are second only to Native Americans in having the highest incidence of renal cancer. Despite this statistic, very few studies have examined whether there are racial/ethnic differences in gene and protein expression. Since higher stage/grade ccRCC is uniformly lethal, it is imperative that candidate genes and their corresponding protein products be found that can identify patients across various demographics who are at greater risk of progressing to advanced stage/grade, drug-resistant clear cell renal carcinoma; and that can point to the drivers of ccRCC progression in different demographic groups. Using KIRC (clear cell renal carcinoma) TCGA dataset, we observed that SUV420H2 (KMT5C), a Lysine N-Methyltransferase, is significantly overexpressed in ccRCC (p<1E-12). Moreover, SUV420H2 transcripts were significantly elevated in higher stages and grades (p<.001). Higher SUV420H2 transcripts levels were also correlated with metastasis (p<0.01) and were associated with the more aggressive ccB Renal Csrcinoma phenotype (p<0.001). Overexpression of SUV420H2 was also associated with worst overall patient survival (p<0.0001; HR = 2.05 (1.5151 to 2.79) with a mean survival of 2208 days for the high expression group and 3256 days for the low expression group. Elevated levels were also associated with lower Disease Specific Survival [p<0.0001 HR= 2.7658 (1.8406 to 4.1560)] with a mean survival for the high expression group of 2208 versus 3871 days for the low expression group. Significantly shorter progression free disease times [p<0.0001, HR= 1.9830 (1.4389 to 2.7328) were also observed in the higher expression group (2189 days) relative to the low expression group (2971 days). In addition, in silico data analysis revealed that African Americans exhibited higher expression of SUV420H2 transcripts relative to Whites (p=5.94E-09) and that expression was associated with lower survival outcome (p<0.01, HR=4.33 (1.29 to 14.51). Taken collectively, our data suggests that higher levels of SUV420H2(KMT5C) is associated with cancer progression and the more aggressive ccRCC subtypes. Moreover, SUV420H2 behaves in a manner that suggest it may be a possible oncogene and that it is an unfavorable ccRCC biomarker. Analysis of CPTAC database and Human Protein Atlas failed to yield any information of protein expression in relationship to ccRCC. Given that SUV420H2 functions as a histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates histone H4, it is possible that dysregulation could result in altered epigenetic processes and inappropriate repression of genes in ccRCC. Lastly, our data underscores the need for proteomics studies that analyze protein expression differences of putative oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes and proteins across racial and ethnic demographic groups.
 Citation Format: Romonia Renee Reams, Simone Heyliger, Marilyn Saulsbury. Prognostic relevance of SUV420H2 (KMT5C) gene expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Implications for patients of African ancestry [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C056.


CLASSIFICATION Recommendation 3 In family practice cataract should be classified according to types based on visual impairment using the Snellen's far and near visual testing. The classification types are the following (Grade C Recommendation): Type I – is characterized by patients with visual acuity better than 20/40 in the affected eye/eyes Type II – is characterized by patients having visual acuity of 20/40 or worse in the affected eye/eyes


List of Abbreviations. Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. Why the European Union is More Necessary than Ever. PART I: THE DIAGNOSIS. 3. Policy Gridlock. 4. Lack of Popular Legitimacy. 5. A Democratic Deficit. PART II: THE CURE. 6. The Case for 'Limited Democratic Politics' in the EU. 7. How the EU is Ready for Limited Democratic Politics. 8. Encouraging Democratic Politics in the EU. 9. A Scenario: The 2009 European Commission President Contest. 10. Conclusion and Response to Potential Critiques. References


Microwave diplexers are often used on transmit / receive systems to isolate a power transmit stage from a sensitive receive stage sharing a common antenna. With the ever-increasing need for efficient bandwidth usage, diplexers exhibiting close channel spacing, low insertion loss and small channel bandwidths are increasingly necessary. Utilizing two high Q cavity resonators, a Duroid-based high performance diplexer has been designed, fabricated and measured. This diplexer shows transmit / receive bandwidths of 2.39% and 1.8% and insertion losses of 2.38dB and 2.89dB, respectively. Channel center frequencies of 18.8GHz and 20.7GHz provide a channel separation of approximately 9% and channel to channel isolation greater than 24dB. Utilizing machined aluminum cavities and a Duroid substrate the diplexer design provides insight into cavity based diplexer construction, allowing for the design of a silicon based micromachined cavity diplexer. Simulation results from this silicon-based diplexer are also presented.


solutions of eleven compounds chemically related to griseofulvin. The compounds studied comprised a diastereoisomer of griseofulvin, dechlorogriseofulvin, three homologues of griseofulvin, 7-chloro4:6:4'-trimethoxy6'-methylgris 3'en 3: 2'dione, the parent acidic trione, its basic amino derivative, two neutral alcoholic reduction products of the trione, and grisan-3:4'-dione. 2. The compounds were recovered and characterized chemically in the majority of cases where the analytical methods indicated their presence in the roots and shoots of treated plants. 3-Chloro-2hydroxy-4:6-dimethoxybenzoic acid, a metabolite of 7-chloro-4:6:4'-trimethoxy-6'-methylgris-3'-en3:2'-dione and mixtures of 4'-hydroxygrisan-3ones and optically active grisn-3:4'-diols, metaboites of grisan-3:4'-dione, were also recovered and identified. Other metabolites of these two compounds, and a substance, increased production of which is associated with the degradation of certain griseofulvin relatives in shoot tisue, were detected but not identified.


A Cloud-based method, system and computer-readable medium of creating a virtual tour is described. The method comprises allowing a user to upload images for stitching of a 360 panorama image; creating a virtual tour based on the 360 panorama image; and allowing the user to edit the virtual tour by embedding an object for the user to interact with, when the virtual tour is viewed with a Virtual Reality (VR) headset.


48 Keane TM, Caddell JM,Taylor KL. Mississippi Scale for Combat-RelatedPosttraumatic Stress Disorder: three studies in reliability and validity.J Consult Clin Psychol 1988; 56:85-90.49 Norris FH, Perilla JL. The revised civilian mississippi scale for PTSD:reliability, validity, and cross-language stability. J Trauma Stress 1996; 9:285-98.50 McFall ME, Smith DE, Roszell DK, Tarver DJ, Malas KL. Convergentvalidity of measures of PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans. Am JPsychiatry 1990; 147: 645-8.51 Goodarzi MA. Evaluating validity and reliability of Mississippi PostTraumatic Stress disorder Scale. J Psychol 2003; 7:153-78.52 Lyons JA, Caddell JM, Pittman RL, Rawls R, Perrin S. The potential forfaking on the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD. J TraumaStress 1994; 7:441-5.53 Shalev AY, Freedman S, Peri T, Brandes D, Sahar T. Predicting PTSD intrauma survivors: prospective evaluation of self-report and clinician-administered instruments. Br J Psychiatry 1997; 170: 558-64.54 Yaffe K,Vittinghoff E, Lindquist K, Barnes D,CovinskyKE, Neylan T, et al.Posttraumatic stress disorder and risk of dementia among US veterans.Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010; 67: 608-13.55 Zatzick DF, Marmar CR, Weiss DS, Browner WS, Metzler TJ, GoldingJM, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder and functioning and quality oflife outcomes in a nationally representative sample of male Vietnamveterans. Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154: 1690-5.56 Ouimette P, Coolhart D, Sugarman D, Funderburk JS, Zelman RH,Dornau C. A pilot study of posttraumatic stress and associatedfunctioning of army National Guard following exposure to Iraq warzonetrauma. Traumatol 2008; 14:51-6.57 Sayer NA, Noorbaloochi S, Frazier P, Carlson K, Gravely A, Murdoch M.Reintegration problems and treatment interests among Iraq andAfghanistan combat veterans receiving VA medical care. PsychiatrServ 2010; 61:589-97.58 Dirkzwager AJE, van der Velden PG, Grievink L,Yzermans CJ. Disaster-related posttraumatic stress disorder and physical health. PsychosomMed 2007; 69:435-40.59 Franciskovic ´T, Stevanovic A, Jelusic I, Roganovic B, Klaric M, Grkovic J.Secondary traumatization of wives of war veterans with posttraumaticstress disorder. Croat Med J 2007; 48:177-84.60 Al-Turkait FA, Ohaer JU. Post-traumatic stress disorder among wives ofKuwaiti veterans of the first Gulf War. J Anxiety Disord 2008; 22:18-31.61 Gure TR, Kabeto MU, Blaum CS, Langa KM. Degree of disability andpatterns of caregiving among older Americans with congestive heartfailure. J Gen Intern Med 2008; 23:70-6.62 Evans RL, Bishop DS, Ousley RT. Providing care to persons with physicaldisability. Effect on family caregivers. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1992; 71:140-4.63 Davis LC, Sander AM, Struchen MA, Sherer M, Nakase-Richardson R,Malec J. Medical and psychosocial predictors of caregiver distress andperceived burden following traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil2009; 24:145-54.


This paper describes a new approach to histoquantitation which makes fuller use of the visual expertise of the microscopist, provides a permanent visual two‐dimensional coded record, and allows mathematical exploitation of the collected data.


Prof. E d w a r d A. F r e e m a n — writing or speaking to a friend in regard to a young American who was going to the University of Jena in order to study Anglo-Saxon— remarked : " W hy does he not go to Orange County, Va., instead of to Jena? They speak very good West-Saxon in Orange County."1 This statement may serve as an introduction to my remarks on the pronunciation of Fredericksburg, Va. For Stafford, Spotsylvania, and Orange Counties have about the same pronunciation and have preserved to a remarkable degree the older English sounds brought over in the seventeenth century by the early settlers of this region. The earliest permanent settlements of the English in Virginia were along the banks of the James, Rappahannock, and Potomac Rivers and the early pioneers soon penetrated into the country now known as Stafford, Spotsylvania, and Orange Counties. In 1669 " the whole State of Virginia, except such parts as had been specially patented, was made over for a time to Lord Culpepper" (Bishop M e a d f . in 'Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia,' ii, p. 105, to whom I owe most of the information about the early settlers of this region). The complaints were, however, so great and the opposition so threatening " that the King withdrew (1673) the grant o f proprietorship of the whole State, and restricted it with limitations to the Northern Neck," which " begins on the Chesapeake Bay and lies between the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers, and crossing the Blue Ridge, or passing through it, with the Potomac, at Harper's Ferry, extends with the river to the heads thereof in the Alleghany Mountains, and thence by a straight line crosses the North Mountain and Blue Ridge, at the head waters of the Rappahannock. By common consent this is admitted to be the most fertile part of Virginia, and to abound in many advantages, whether we consider the rich supply of fish and oysters in the


In the prevention of HIV/AIDS safer-sex driven intervention has been advocated. However critics are opposed to it by saying that the concept is from a highly individualistic Western culture. With the perceived impact of community and culture these critics the proponents of 'responsible sex' advocate that any programming to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS should be planned within the social cultural and political framework. Such programming should learn about and exploit the powers and weaknesses within the environment if it will make any meaningful impact. However it is noted that AIDS has invaded the environments and continues to claim the lives of many victims. It has always been cloaked in one shroud of argument or another and part of that age-long discourse is that AIDS definition is a social construct as well as a conflict of civilization. Hence it is suggested that everybody should be concerned about the possibility of a curative drug or a vaccine to prevent HIV. It will palliate the desire of helpless humanity who have long hoped that someday a breakthrough in biomedical research will be made.


With the rapid increase in the applications of polymer microreplication, it has become important to understand the replication process. Visualization is clearly the most direct and definite method of determining the replication process. In our experiment, the behavior of melt flowing over a stamper with V-grooves was observed through a prism glass installed in the mold; an ultrahigh-speed video camera connected with a long-distance microscope was used. As a result, when molding with an open cavity having V-grooves with a pitch of 100 μm and at an injection rate of 50 cm3/s, the filling of the melt into the V-grooves was generally completed during the first several milliseconds after the melt flowed over the grooves. However, as the pitch of the V-grooves decreased to 50 μm, the filling process slowed, thereby decreasing the filling ratio. In all cases, the filling of the melt into the V-grooves was accelerated when the injection rate increased, and this was followed by an increase in the filling ratio. In addition, the effects of mold temperature and cavity thickness on the filling behavior were also investigated. This visualization analysis offers a unique opportunity to understand and improve the replication process by injection molding. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 46:1590–1597, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers.


Mixtures of an amphiphilic graft copolymer in water/sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/cyclohexane oil-continuous microemulsions are studied by the PGSE NMR technique and by viscometry. The graft copolymer has an oil-soluble poly(dodecyl methacrylate) backbone and water-soluble poly(ethylene glycol) side chains. Water, surfactant, and polymer self-diffusion coefficients can be measured individually by PGSE NMR. The water and the surfactant self-diffusion coefficients are equal, and both monitor the overall diffusion of the water droplets of the microemulsion. The graft copolymer enhances the microemulsion viscosity (relative increase = 2000), and large viscosifying effects are promoted by increased degrees of grafting, increased polymer concentration, and large water droplets. Systems with high viscosities always display slow polymer self-diffusion. The droplet diffusion is always much more rapid than the polymer diffusion; thus, the polymer molecules do not immobilize the droplets. The results...


In this article, we introduce and investigate 3DS, a novel selection strategy for pool-based active training of a generative classifier, namely CMM (classifier based on a probabilistic mixture model). Such a generative classifier aims at modeling the processes underlying the "generation" of the data. The strategy 3DS considers the distance of samples to the decision boundary, the density in regions where samples are selected, and the diversity of samples in the query set that are chosen for labeling, e.g., by a human domain expert. The combination of the three measures in 3DS is adaptive in the sense that the weights of the distance and the density measure depend on the uniqueness of the classification. With nine benchmark data sets it is shown that 3DS outperforms a random selection strategy (baseline method), a pure closest sampling approach, ITDS (information theoretic diversity sampling), DWUS (density-weighted uncertainty sampling), DUAL (dual strategy for active learning), and PBAC (prototype based active learning) regarding evaluation criteria such as ranked performance based on classification accuracy, number of labeled samples (data utilization), and learning speed assessed by the area under the learning curve.


Basal readers dominate reading instruction in most classrooms across the country. In fact, considering the central role of basal readers in the classroom, the selection of a basal reader represents the selection of a reading curriculum in most American schools. And, because textbook companies publish what school districts and states choose to buy, textbook selection directly influences the quality of basal readers. Operating properly, textbook selection should contribute to the improvement of reading instruction. However, major weaknesses are evident in the process of basal reader selection by states and school districts: Decisions on basal reader selection are often based on peripheral or insignificant criteria; members of selection committees frequently are handicapped by lack of time, training, and direction; selection decisions often do not reflect philosophies about the teaching of reading; publishers and influential committee members often wield disproportionate power to influence decisions; and, statewide selection, conducted in 22 states, yields few benefits to justify the additional investment of money and time. For basal reader selection to operate as it should, major changes are needed in assumptions regarding the adoption process, selection of reviewers, establishment of criteria, and in procedures for evaluating materials.


In December 2019, an outbreak of severe pneumonia of anonymous etiology was reported from Wuhan city, China. The Chinese health authorities rapidly determined the causative agent of the disease as a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [1].


Linear complementarity problem (LCP) is an important area of mathematical programming. In this paper ,a class of nonlinear operator from Rn to Rn induced by a special function is introduced. The equivalence of the LCP and the fixed point problem of the operator is proved.


Abstract For the occasion of his consulate in AD 379, Ausonius composed inter alia three hexameter Precationes and one Gratiarum actio addressed to the Emperor Gratian. Despite the shared context, in these three texts Ausonius presents entirely different ideas of the divine: on the one hand a polytheistic outlook with Phoebus, Tritonia and Victoria in prec. 1 and Ianus, Annus and Sol in prec. 2, but on the other hand in the Gratiarumactio a god who is clearly characterised as monotheistic (but not explicitly Christian), an aeternus omniumgenitor and opifex et causa mundi. Rather than pursue the scholarly debate about Ausonius' own ambivalent religious outlook, this paper examines the decisive role which the context of speech, the conventions of literary genre and the rhetorical strategy play in the question of which model of god Ausonius presents in each case and how he addresses the god(s).


Adaptations of the critical-incident technique were used to gather reports of anesthesia-related human error and equipment failure. A total of 139 anesthesiologists, residents, and nurse-anesthetists from four hospitals participated as subjects in directed or open-ended interviews, and 48 of them fu


Composites, discloses ionic liquid composition for preparing the composite material, and a method for using a composite material prepared from the ionic liquid composition herein. Composite materials typically include a structure polysaccharide, preferably comprises a macrocyclic compound. Composites, structural polysaccharides and preferably dissolved in the ionic liquid can be prepared from ionic liquid composition comprising a macrocyclic compound, resulting composite material by removing the ionic liquid from the ionic liquid composition It is.


The majority of worldwide goods transportation is carried out by ships at sea. In order to promote safety in narrow waters and around major ports, several countries have installed Vessel Traffic Services (VTS). VTS operators monitor a specific geographical area and support and direct ships that sail through the area, primarily making the navigating officer of each ship aware of the current traffic situation, local weather and geographical conditions. In this, the VTS domain represents a civilian Command, Control, Communications, Computer and Intelligence (C4I) environment. Identifying user needs and analysing user behaviour in these environments require appropriate methods that are comprehensive and valid. This paper presents an adapted use of the Applied Cognitive Task Analysis (ACTA) in a case study where an interactive mid-fidelity scenario for the phase of the Simulation Interview has been used. The use of the interactive simulation as a knowledge eliciting tool within the context of ACTA is discussed and assessed using Hoffman's method evaluation criteria.


Most of the contemporary models for meeting the majority of the needs of middle-aged and elderly people are community-based, in-home care. Therefore, this paper designs an Interaction model that can meet the need for a rich spiritual and cultural life of the elderly at home. First, the questionnaire content of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) sampling method was designed based on the content of community-based home care services. Then, using the CLHLS sampling method, the survey results of the home care group were collected to form a community of big data consisting of four types of home care service needs. Finally, the Interaction book model was designed based on the hierarchy of service needs obtained from Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs classification method. The experimental results showed that the mean values of the target population's ratings for the presentation and interface aesthetics of the Interaction mode were 4.34 and 4.19, respectively, the mean value for improving the learning effectiveness of the home-bound population was 4.57, and the mean value for their overall satisfaction was 4.31. It proves that the Interaction model is ideal for practice and can meet the learning needs of the elderly, at-home population from different service demand levels, thus solving the problem of education for the elderly.


Let d(u,v) denote the distance between two vertices u and v on a graph G and let diam(G) denote the diameter of such a graph G. A connected graph G has a radio labeling f if, for all vertices u, v of G,

d(u,v) + |??(u) - ??(v)| ??? diam(G) + 1 (1)

The span of the labeling function f is the maximum integer assigned by f. The radio number of a graph G, rn(G), is the minimum possible span obtained over all possible radio labelings of the graph G. A path graph Pn has n consecutive vertices along n ??? 1 consecutive edges. A grid graph is defined as the Cartesian product of two path graphs, and a square grid graph is obtained by taking the product of identical path graphs Pn Pn. In this paper, the radio number of all even grid graphs is determined using bounding techniques alone, while establishing fundamental guidelines for odd grids and distance-maximizing labelings, in general.


The aim of this work was to study the influence of inlet air temperature and maltodextrin concentration on functional properties, microstructure and heat utilization efficiency of sweet orange juice powder by spray drying. The inlet air temperature of 130, 140 and 150°C and maltodextrin concentration of 6 per cent, 9 per cent and 12 per cent were chosen as independent variables to produce the spray dried sweet orange juice powder. The mean value of functional properties of spray dried sweet orange juice powder viz., flowability, cohesiveness, ascorbic acid and radical scavenging activity were 21.42-16.00, 1.19-1.25, 74.20-68.88 mg.100g -1 and 21.54-23.19 mg.g -1 , respectively, which were significantly affected (p<0.05) by inlet air temperature and maltodextrin concentration. SEM analysis shown that surface was smooth with irregular shaped particles with complex link bridge. The heat utilization efficiency was done using MATLAB software. The maximum heat utilization efficiency (50.43%) of spray dryer was obtained at inlet air temperature of 130°C with 9 per cent maltodextrin concentration.


In some embodiments, the present invention relates to a thermoelectric device comprising a thermoelectric element comprising a nanotube made of a thermoelectric material. The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a thermoelectric device and device relates to a particular method nanotubes are electrochemically formed in the template. The present invention also relates to applications using the system and such a device incorporating such a device. .FIELD 1


We present in this article comparison points among situations studied in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, and in three provinces of Southern Angola: Huambo, Huíla and Benguela. In both cases, we have identified the coexistence of archaic and traditional communicative practices as well as the use of new technologies, such as the use of the Internet and digital social media. For the analysis and interpretation of the cases, we used the theoretical and methodological framework proposed by authors of cultural studies, such as Williams (2016) and Hall (2013), in addition to Thompson (2013) and García Canclini (2008). We can see, from the cases presented here, that the relations between tradition and modernity and of time and space, for example, are appropriated by the subjects in order to account for their daily practices. may or may not be guided by the logic of the media.


Floral anatomy of Actinomeris squarrosaand Bidens biternatahave been described. The presence of pappus is an important structural feature of the Asteraceae. It has been considered by some as phyllome and by others a trichome structure. The presence of vascular supply to the pappus scales shows that it is a phyllome structure. Once the pappus is considered as a phyllome structure, two major lines of specialization can be established in this family from a primitive type of five vascular scales. In ome line of evolution there has been increase in the number of pappus from five to twenty and finally indefinite in number and the vascular supply is totally suppressed. In another line of evolution there has been a reduction in the number of pappus scales from five to two and finally total reduction of the scales. The disc-florets of Bidens biternataare pentamerous but occasionally tetramerous florets are also observed. In Actinomeris squarrosa disc-florets are tetramerous florets are derived from pentamerous flo...


The crystal structure of Bi3TiNbO9, a two-layer member of the Bi4Ti3O12 family, has been refined from x-ray and neutron diffraction data. Bismuth titanium niobate is orthorhombic, space group A21am, with a = 5.431, b = 5,389, c = 25.050 A, and Z = 4. Distortions from the prototype structure include sizeable shifts along the polar a axis accompanied by rotational motions about b and c, related to the formation of short Bi—O bonds.


We propose to analyze the participation of the short film in the Argentine modern cinema, in order to verify its early promoter role in the renewal but with the ultimate aim to transcend the traditional concept that postulates the short film as a mere stepping stone to feature films. The Argentine short film within the period 1950-1976 brought together various forms and functions, whether aesthetic or political. Putting into context the short film in different national cinemas in the world during that same stage supports our premises.


Objective: To determine how individuals deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto between 1942 and 1945 acquired additional foods and perceived levels of hunger during their time in the ghetto. Design: Using a grounded theory approach, oral testimonies of survivors of the Theresienstadt ghetto were viewed through the USC Shoah Foundation. An interview analysis guide was created in order to collect data, and key remarks made by interviewees were transcribed verbatim. Demographic data was also collected. Information was then entered in to QuestionPro for further analysis. Subjects: Interviewees (n=14) were from Czechoslovakia (64%), Germany (21%), Austria (7%), and Holland (7%). The sample was proportionately male and female, aged 20.2±5.7years (M±SD) at time of deportation to Theresienstadt. The majority of interviewees arrived in 1942 (64%), while the others arrived in 1943 (21%) and 1944 (14%). All subjects participated in labor during their time in Theresienstadt. Results: Survivors reported acquiring additional foods mainly through stealing, receiving extra servings during distribution, and bartering. The main two items smuggled, according to interviewees, were potatoes and bread. Acquiring fresh produce, generally from outside of the ghetto during labor, was frequently reported as a delicacy. Sharing with family and friends was common. Factors such as older age and lack of labor assignment depleted access to additional food outside of one's daily ration. Conclusions: Labor was the key in determining which inmates of Theresienstadt were able to acquire additional foods outside of their set ration. While the majority of survivors stated feelings of hunger during their time in the ghetto, the majority of survivors noted that the older population of the ghetto, that did not participate in labor, faced far worse cases of starvation. FOOD ACQUISITION STRATEGIES WITHIN THERESIENSTADT 3


In the bisphenol A-based epoxides, effects of crosslinking on the ultrasonic properties were studied. Crosslinking gives rise to the P relaxation and the decrease of elasticity and density in the glassy state resins. 1 .INTRODUCTION In spite of the outstanding characteristics and usefulness of epoxides in the glassy state, most studies have employed investigations of the rubbery state, owing to the ease of obtaining low frequency dynamic and thermal measurements(ref./l//2/). This is because such measurements are not appropriate for sensitive analysis of the high elasticity in the glassy state, in which network structures are freezed. There is, however, a strong necessity for non-destructive testing in thermosets and thermo-plastics, requiring the detailed analysis of the elasticity in the glassy state(ref./3/). In addition, some recent studies have discussed the contribution of sub relaxations, in the glassy state to the impact strength(ref.140. So in this work, we have studied the effect of polymerization and crosslinking in glassy state resins, on the elasticity, with especial consideration to the results from the ultrasonic measurements in the MHz range. 2. MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES The networks in resin were formed by the condensation of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A-based epoxy resin (Epon 828, Shell Chemical Co.) with curing agents. The agents used in this study were Diaminobutane(BDA) and methylnadic anhydride(MNA) catalyzed with imidazole. The procedure for preparing the samples is given below. For the first preparation of resins, the amount of BDA used was 50-loo%, where the stoichiometric amount of BDA to Epon 828 at 100% reflects a ratio of 1:l. The mixture was held in vacuum'for degassing to eliminate void formation and cured overnight at 0-5°C. It was, then, held for lhr at GO0C, 3hr at 100'C and 3hr at 150'C. For MNA, 88-100% of the stoichiometric amount was used with a little imidazole. The mixture was heated for lhr at 10O0C, 5hr at the range of 100 to 200°C. All samples were gradually cooled to room temperature. A pulse technique was used for measuring ultrasonic properties. In this technique, the specimen and two transducers are immersed in water or silicone oil, which are controIled from 10 to 100°C to an accuracy of 0.5"C. Ultrasonic pulses are sent from one PZT transducer to the other and the longitudinal wave velocities could be found using the observed difference in time of flight with and without the sample. For longitudinal attenuation, wide band transducers whose nominal frequencies were loMHz were also used in addition to the PZT transducers. The pulses received by the wide band transducers were digitized and analyzed in the frequency region using Fast Fourier Transform Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:19921166 C1-764 JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV with a personal computer. The averaged resulting spectra from specimens of different thickness yielded the attenuation as a function of frequency. Thermal expansion in specimen thickness was of course considered in these measurements and calculations. The dynamic storage modulus and loss modulus were measured at low frequencies over the temperature range of -150 to 250°C by a dynamic viscoelastometer(VIBR0N) built by ORIENTEC. The dielectric permittivity and linear thermal coefficient of resins were also measured respectively using an impedance gain phase analyzer, built by HP and a thermo-mechanical analysis system(TMA) built by RIGAKU. 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Figure 1 shows the typical plots of the dynamic storage modulus E' and loss modulus E" against temperature measured at 11OHz. In general, E' decreases dramatically at the glass transition which reflects the changes of the state from glassy to rubbery. E" also shows two peaks a,p which respectively results from main a and sub fl relaxations.


IJCRT2005486 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 3686 SIGNIFICANCE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TOWARDS JOB SATISFACTION AMONG THE EMPLOYEES OF IT COMPANIES Shriram K, Aanchanaa Karam Chandra Mohan , Ph.D Research Scholar, Assistant Professor, 1 PG & Research Department of Commerce, 2 Department of Business Administration , Loyola College Chennai 34, 2 Guru Nanak College, Velachery, Chennai – 600 042. INDIA ABSTRACT


A photostable, filtering cosmetic composition for protecting human epidermis and hair against UV rays comprises, in a cosmetically acceptable carrier having at least one fatty phase, 0.5 to 4 % by weight of 4-(tert.-butyl) 4'-methoxy dibenzoylmethane and 0.1 to 20 % by weight of a filtering polymer of the benzotriazole silicone type containing at least one unit of formula (I), where R' is a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, a C1-C8 halogenated hydrocarbon group or a trimethylsilyloxy group; a is 1 or 2; X = -A-Y where A is an aliphatic or aromatic bivalent hydrocarbon radical having at least 2 carbon atoms and optionally containing one or more oxygen atoms; Y is a 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole residue optionally containing one or more C1-C8 alkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, halogen, alcoxy, carboxy, hydroxy or amino substituents, the weight ratio of the benzotriazole silicone to the 4-(tert.-butyl) 4'-methoxy dibenzoylmethane being between 1 and 10.


Birds daily maintain their plumage by applying waxes secreted from their uropygial gland. The preen wax coat probably keeps the feathers flexible and waterproof. Recent studies show that the chemical composition of preen wax of several shorebird species rapidly shifts from the usual monoester waxes to more complicated diester wax molecules in incubating individuals. In this article we present (preliminary) data of experiments performed to unravel the functional aspects of this shift. Measurements of light reflection with a photospectrometer showed that preen wax composition did not affect plumage coloration. Therefore, diesters probably have no function as 'avian make-up'. We could not find evidence for an improved protection against abrasion of the wing feathers by diester wax. As incubating sandpipers create a microclimate that is not only profitable for the hatching of eggs, but also for growth of bacteria, we are currently testing the idea that diester preen waxes offer better protection against these malicious bacteria. The data so far suggest that mono- and diester preen waxes inhibit the growth of feather-degrading bacteria equally well. During incubation sandpipers and their clutches are vulnerable to predation by especially mammalian predators. Because diesters are less volatile than monoester preen wax, they could be less easily detected by predators that use their sense of smell. A trained dog used in an experiment indeed had more difficulty in locating diesters than monoesters, suggesting that ground-breeding birds that secrete diesters during incubation are selectively favoured above birds that apply less olfactory cryptic monoester wax to their plumage.


This thesis points out the elements of initiation which characterize Andre Delvaux'imaginary world in the whole of his work. Throughout the work of adaptation from Lierrature to Cinema, a project of world transformation arises including the spectator in an agreement of metaphysical reading. The mytho-criticism theory makes it possible to perceive the principal stakes of initiation linked to the identity crisis of the characters in the center of reality. The result is a hybrid spaciality, as the transposition of narrative and pictural space is expressed through the juxtaposition of Real and Imaginary, Profane and Sacred. From a semiotical point of view, this surrealistic esthetics confronts us wth the ambiguity of the images in each sequence as well as in the whole films, and presents the problem of the strategy of the enonciation in Andre Delvaux's fictional work. Thanks to the play of manipulation, the spectator participates in the elaboration of a symbolic coherent process which must lead to renewed perception of the world arround him. Andre Delvaux's creation suggests therefore an imaginary adventure, marked by the research of a cinematic and original language which is the expression of a highly spiritual quest.


The reported study investigates college students' perceptions of light compared to regular and ultra-light compared to light cigarettes, and whether perceptions vary by smoking status (nonsmoker, former smoker, social smoker, or regular smoker) and gender. A survey of 172 college students found that all four smoking status groups perceived light cigarettes to be milder and have a lighter taste, but to be no safer or healthier than regular cigarettes. This also held true when comparing ultra-light to light cigarettes. Although there were no differences by smoking status for health-related and tar/nicotine perceptions, there were several differences between nonsmokers and the smoker groups on non-health-related perceptions. The study concludes that the wide-spread assumption that lights and ultra-lights are perceived as safer is not supported by this research, regardless of smoking status. Therefore, bans on the use of the term "light" in marketing communications and devising anti-smoking messages to educate this group about the dangers of lights and ultra-lights are likely to be ineffective. ********** In August 2006, a federal court judge ruled that tobacco companies can no longer refer to cigarettes as light or ultra-light. If the ruling stands, it is one of the harshest blows ever against the tobacco industry because it not only bans use of descriptors such as "low tar," "light," "ultra-light" and "mild." but also requires tobacco companies to run corrective advertising (CNN Money, 2006). However, Philip Morris USA, a tobacco company, states that use of the descriptors light and ultra-light is to describe the strength of taste and flavor, rather than safety (Philip Morris USA, 2007). Approximately 45 million Americans currently smoke cigarettes (National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2006). One of the national health objectives for 2010 is to reduce cigarette smoking among high school students to 16% or less, among adults to 12% or less, and among college students to 10.5% or less (Healthy People 2010, 2000; Healthy Campus 2010, 2002). In 2005, 23% of high school students, 21% of adults, and 24% of college students smoked at least once during the past 30 days. Non-college adults, ages 19-28, are even further away from the 12% goal with smoking rates at 29% (Johnston, O'Malley, & Bachman, 2006). Numerous studies examined the perceptions of college students toward smoking, but not their perceptions about light and ultra-light cigarettes in particular (Morrell, Cohen, Bacchi, & West, 2005; DeBarnardo & Aldinger, 1999; Everett & Husten, 1999; Wechsler, Rigotti, Gledhill-Hoyt, & Lee, 1998). Several studies examined the perceptions of adult smokers toward light and ultra-light cigarettes (Kozlowski and Pillitteri, 2001; Shiffman, Pillitteri, Barton, Rohay, & Gitchell, 2001), but only one study looked at adolescents' perceptions of lights (Kropp & Halpern-Felsher, 2004), and one study looked at college and non-college students' perceptions of lights (Richter, Pederson, & O'Hegarty, 2006). No studies have examined college students' perceptions of ultra-light cigarettes. Studies in the health literature have concluded that many smokers perceive light and ultra-light cigarettes to be safer than regular cigarettes and infer that these misperceptions are partly responsible for smoking rates remaining high despite the known risks of smoking (Etter, Kozlowski, & Perneger, 2003; Gilpin, Emery, White, & Pierce, 2002; Kozlowski et al., 1998). College students are important to study due to their size, education, and the large number of students who smoke occasionally, a group referred to as social smokers. Although social smokers are a large segment among college students, only a few studies have compared the perceptions of regular and social smokers (Moran, Wechsler, & Rigotti, 2004). Therefore, the purpose of this exploratory study is to examine the perceptions of college students toward light cigarettes compared to regular cigarettes and ultra-light cigarettes compared to light cigarettes to assess whether students perceive these cigarettes as safer and whether their perceptions differ based on their smoking status (nonsmoker, former smoker, social smoker, or regular smoker). …


Abstract : With the impiementation of Joint Vision 2010, information superiority will impact every aspect of operational art, but none will be so great as the impact on operational command and control. Through information superiority, the operational commander theoretically gains a clearer picture of the battlespace, thus mitigating the fog of war. This study examines some of the potential command and control issues facing the operational commander as he attempts to conduct Major Operations and Campaigns. Given the diverse threat, it is doubtful that U.S. forces can gain and maintain information superiority over our enemies. The need for information superiority will hamper our ability to operate in a combined environment. Information superiority may lead to operational command and control that is too rigid and too centralized to maintain friendly freedom of action. Operational commanders may become transfixed by increasing levels of information focusing on data instead of the application of forces in space and time. In the end, information superiority will provide a clearer picture of the battlespace but it will not mitigate the fog of war.


This essay was written at Sodertorn University during the spring semester of 2010, in the field of Business Administration, and more precisely within management and organization. The essay is based ...


As study abroad efforts take on increased importance globally, it is vital that we use the resources of the academy to research the impact and effectiveness of these programmes. This paper assesses aspects of the varied exchange (EXC) programmes and study abroad (SA) programmes which exist at the University of the West Indies, St. Augustine campus (Trinidad y Tobago). Data was collected from among students in the French and Spanish degree programmes. The study sought to assess the academic benefit of the programmes while at the same time assess the value-added aspects of the programmes. Overall, it was found that the impact of these international experiences on student learning has not to date been assessed with an aim to making interventions in the varied programmes. As some previous reseach indicates, to simply send students to a location abroad for academic study is not sufficient toward facilitating the larger goal of creating effective global citizenship. Findings from this research lend empirical support to the notion that study abroad and exchange programmes at all levels facilitate the creation of global citizens. Key-words: Study Abroad, Exchange Programmes, Student Learning, Foreign Language Learning, Global Citizens.


Apoptosis involves multiple signaling pathways. The intrinsic signaling pathway is the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which is caused by a series of processes. First, the pro-apoptotic factors such as Bax are activated by signaling molecules and transfer to the mitochondrial outer membrane forming protein pores, thus the mitochondrial membrane permeability is affected, and then the downstream caspase-9 is activated and the apoptosis initiation is induced by releasing cytochrome C. In order to explore the apoptosis initiation activated by small molecules, the specific structural changes of Bax in apoptosis were studied. The results showed that there is a hydrophobic pocket structure near the C-terminal S184 of the Bax protein. This structure can be combined with certain small molecular substances specifically remove phosphorylation S184, and regulate Bax protein to promote apoptosis activity. At present, the nuclear magnetic structure of Bax protein has been obtained and the crystal structure has not been revealed. The eutectic structure formed by corresponding with other proteins in the Bcl-2 family has been resolved, which can be used to study the interactions between proteins and to understand the specific structural changes in the formation of heterologous dimers during apoptosis, site changes, etc. In this paper, the Bax protein structure resolved by nuclear magnetic structure was reviewed to learn the change of the sites in the induced apoptosis so as to promote the research on apoptosis initiation.

Key words:
Bax protein; Bax protein structure; Protein crystal structure


A fast and straightforward strategy for thermopolymerization of polymer shells, at room temperature, at a magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) surface under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) is presented. The polymerization is triggered by the local heat generated by the MNPs when exposed to an AMF to polymerize an organic shell around the MNPs by thermoactivation. This synthetic approach provides a versatile strategy for MNP surface polymerization without a macroscopic temperature increase, allowing efficient pathways to magnetically induce single-layer-by-layer polymer shells. This method provides an unprecedented multifunctionnal nanoplatform adapted to pollutant targeting by using a molecularly imprinted polymer layer polymerized at room temperature.


The paper outlines the Nyquist stability criterion linear control systems with time delay, using frequency response results. The variation of the loop-gain and time delay are investigated when the time delay occurs in the forward-loop or the feedback-loop or both. The stability condition of a simple control system is used to illustrate the method.


In statistics cumulants are defined to be functions that measure dependence of random variables. If the random variables are independent the cumulants are zero. The idea of cumulants can be generalized to non-commutative probability theory by defining the Boolean cumulants. For a map e between associative algebras these maps measure the deviation of e from being an algebra map. The Boolean cumulants are a family of maps Kn : V ⊗n → K defined as follows.


Appendix 1: Track List Audio CD Performed by The Imperial Trumpets, La Caccia, and Camerata Trajectina Appendix 2: Explanation of Audio CD Appendix 3: Song Texts of Audio CD with Short Introductions


To identify the Xiangdan Injection by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR).The FTIRs of a total of 12 batches of Xiangdan Injections from 5 factories were measured and compared each other.Different production batches from the same factory showed little differences in their FTIRs.However,the injection product from different sources showed distinct differences in their FTIRs.The product's difference resulted by various producing conditions could be reflected by the FTIRs directly.


Yue Ren,a present-day young poet and scholar in poetry studies,is known for the outstanding achievements and features of his literary creations:extensive subject matters and rice contents,apt techniques and exquisite skills,a variation of styles laden with classic elegance though inheriting the traditional yet not spearheading into the creative and a large,unprecedented quantity of poems.


The purpose of this chapter is to describe the mechanism of generation of massive fermions - electron and positron. The presented below theory describes the electron and positron mass production by means of breakdown of massive intermediate boson without the presence of Higgs's boson. It is shown that nonlinearity is critical for the appearance of fermions' currents and masses. Here is considered only the linear form of equations. The analysis of nonlinear forms will be making in the following chapter.


The significance of cultural education in foreign language teaching is beyond doubt.Importance should be attached to cultivating medical students' cultural awareness in college English teaching in order to achieve effective communication.Teachers can adopt various approaches to integrate cultural education with English teaching.


PURPOSE
To identify brain dominance for language functions with DLT and correlate these results with those obtained from fMRI in patients suffering from intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.

METHOD
This study reports on 13 patients who underwent pre-surgical epileptic evaluation between April and October 2004 at the Epilepsy Surgery Program, Hospital Sao Lucas, PUCRS. In DLT, dominance was assessed through a consonant-vowel task, whereas in fMRI patients performed a verb generation task.

RESULTS
Our results identified a correlation between the fMRI lateralization index and the DLT ear predominance index and reply difference index (r=0.6, p=0.02; Pearson Correlation Coefficient), showing positive correlation between results obtained from fMRI and DLT.

CONCLUSION
DLT was found to significantly correlate with fMRI. These findings indicate that DLT (a non-invasive procedure) could be a useful tool to evaluate language brain dominance in pre-surgical epileptic patients as it is cheaper to perform than fMRI.


Increased functional density and reduced input/output (I/O) spacing are the market trends in the electronics manufacturing industry. Industry reports indicate that approximately 50%-70% of soldering defects are attributed to the solder paste printing process for printed circuit board (PCB) assembly. Hence, after the printing process, a solder paste inspection (SPI) system is generally used to examine the amount of solder paste deposition. Effective selection of components and bonding pads during solder inspection is extremely important in achieving desired process cycle times and ensuring assembly yield. This paper uses the Mahalanobis-Taguchi system to establish a systematic approach to determining guidelines for solder paste inspection. Among a total of 203 bonding pads on the board for a GPS product, the optimal model suggests that the solder deposition of 121 bonding pads be inspected. The reduction ratio is 40.4%, and the feasibility of the proposed model is verified. Also, for those bonding pads to be inspected for their solder paste deposition, this study uses empirical data to define the specifications to effectively distinguish acceptable PCB samples from defective. The threshold is within the 100% capability for judgment of solder paste printing quality in the surface mount assembly process.


There are two separate editions of the current MerriamWebster Pocket Dictionary. The first edition of this book, designated the Kang aroo by the publishers) was printed in the usual handy pocket size in April, 1974. In July, 1978, the dictionary was reprinted in larger type and christened the Wallaby edition. In it, several errors and omissions found by George Berryman and me were corrected; the resultant chang es are summarized below. To avoid reprinting more than a single page, entries had to be shortened or removed in some cases to accommodate the additions.


This paper presents the results of a study aimed to quantify the Nonprofit Institutions Sector, based on a review of the three theoretical approaches currently available to delimit the sector, i.e. the social economy approach, the organizational non-profits approach, and the national accounting view. Thus, the estimated value of the Non-Profit Institutions Sector's total production of goods and services available to households amounted to over half a billion pesetas and the added value to 0.3 billion pesetas, while the number of employees was 118.575. These figures are for 1995, the study reference year.


PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
To determine differences in pain characteristics, mood states, and quality of life (QOL) in outpatients with different types of cancer-related pain (i.e., somatic, visceral, or neuropathic) compared to outpatients who were pain-free.

DESIGN
Descriptive, comparative.

SETTING
Sixteen outpatient facilities that are part of the Oncology Nursing Research Network.

SAMPLE
A convenience sample of 129 outpatients who experienced cancer-related pain and 169 pain-free patients, all of whom were actively being treated for cancer.

METHODS
All patients completed a demographic questionnaire, the Multidimensional Quality of Life Scale-Cancer, and the Profile of Mood States, Patients with pain completed a Cancer Pain Questionnaire and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Patients' medical records were reviewed.

MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES
Types of cancer-related pain (i.e., somatic visceral, or neuropathic), pain intensity, pain duration, quality of pain, QOL, and mood states.

FINDINGS
No differences were found in any pain characteristics or any pain indices from the word descriptors of the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Patients with somatic and visceral pain had significantly higher fatigue scores than pain-free patients. In addition, patients with somatic and visceral pain had significantly lower physical well-being, nutrition, and total QOL scores and more symptom distress than pain-free patients.

CONCLUSIONS
The type of cancer-related pain appears to influence the mood states and QOL of outpatients with cancer.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
Oncology nurses need fo determine the type of pain the patient is experiencing and the impact of the pain on the patient's mood and QOL.


Summary As the phenomenon of the voluntarily childless marriage becomes more common and socially accepted, its moral-theological assessment becomes more crucial if the Church hopes to provide guidance and guidelines for dealing with this cultural reality. On the one hand, the childless marriage itself has traditionally been upheld as a valid and meaningful conjugal relationship, while on the other, the legal status (validity) of the voluntary pre-marital decision to remain childless can no longer be regarded as applicable in all cases. In response to this somewhat ambiguous situation the present article attempts to form a moral evaluation of voluntary childlessness on the basis of a personalist ethic grounded on Vatican II's teaching on responsible parenthood. This assessment is confronted with the current pastoral and catechetical problem of simultaneously affirming the value of procreation and sanctioning some temporary and even permanent decisions to avoid having children as morally justifiable. The ce...


Practical teaching,a bridge connecting school education and vocational education,is also a major part of higher education system and the basic guarantee for quality marketing majors.The deepening of practical teaching in marketing,however,is considerably hindered by under emphasis,lack of systematic content and rare participation of enterprises.Therefore,a whole-course mode and guarantee mechanism of practical teaching in Marketing must be established.


This study focuses on the onset of plastic flow in different copper raw materials. The tested copper sheets varied in the way in which they were manufactured and in terms of their post-manufacturing treatments, namely annealing. Tensile tests were conducted at various temperatures (24°C, 60°C, 100°C, 150°C) in a temperature controlled chamber on thin copper specimens. Each material was analysed in its raw form as received from the manufacturer and additionally in an annealed form for comparison. These additional specimens were annealed for 1 hour at 250°C in a reflow oven. The results showed that the onset of plastic flow depends strongly on the manufacturing condition of the copper materials.


The Old Testament cannot pin God down to a single soteriologe ; it can only speak of God's saving acts within a whole series of events, and that necessarily involves some kind of verbal exchange between God and man. This latter includes both the cry of man in distress and the response of praise which the saved make to God.


only a special student of Italian dialects could tell us whether these be the same word as Scanzlin or no. The third name is Ravarin, Ravaren, Lavarin, Lavaren, etc. This is a curious word. It is shared with the Serin, to which indeed it more properly belongs, for Raperino and Verzellino are names one as common as the other for that bird in Florence; and the Serin has it in various forms, from Raparen at Modena to Rappareddu in Sicily. The etymology appears to be unknown, so at least it is said in Hoare's Dictionary. But there is a word Rapa or Rappa in Du Cange, which means a hedge or thicket —' sepes, sepimentum, vel locus sentibus et dumosis obsitus.' If Raperino be derived from this, as seems likely enough, it is closely parallel to Lucarino, the Siskin ; and both alike would simply mean a bird to whose singing ' resonant . . . dumi.' And here I make bold to suggest that we may be on the very track of the unknown origin of dpaviri<; (v.l. 0pairi<;). The only word which resembles it in Greek is OpaviraKos, a shrub in Theophrastus ; they may have the same root in common, and that root may be in rapa also. Raperino and 0pavTri<} may be cognate words, and if that be so Belon may be wrong after all in ascribing, or at least in limiting, the name Opavtrl'i to the Citril Finch. The Citril and the Serin have various names in common. Their proper names are Venturone and Verzellino; but both go under such names as Verdolino, Sverzerin or Sverzeli, and Serin itself. So Qpavirit may well have served for both, for only a practised eye can tell one bird from the other. Such evidence as we have, then, leads us to believe that the several names (while subject doubtless to occasional error and confusion) were properly applied as follows: darpwyaXivo^, ITOLKI\I<; and xpvco/j.i,rpr]<} to the Goldfinch; aicav6L<s and <nrivo<; to the Siskin; dicavOvXkk and 8paviri<; (separately or together) to the Serin and the Citril Finch. I know no reason, save the empty one that both are singing birds, why anyone should suppose that a.Kav0i<i or cuca\av6i<; meant the Nightingale, a bird whose one and only name admits of no ambiguity whatsoever. Had the Vergilian scholiasts said not ' alii lusciniam,' but ' alii lucarinum esse volunt, alii carduelem,' i.e. ' some say the Siskin and some the Goldfinch,' the statement would have been all that an ornithologist could desire. Professor Lindsay, alas, declares that this reading is palaeographically impossible.


The premature detachment of placenta normoinserta is the second most frequent cause of hemorrhages in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, Although the main cause of premature detachment of placenta normoinserta is unknown, it is associated with etiological factors such as pathological hypertension, genetic factors, traumatisms , multiple pregnancies, tobacco, and cocaine.

The classic triad of symptoms in the premature detachment of normoinserta placenta are: hemorrhages, pain and uterine hypertonia. The most frequent complications are related to massive hemorrhage and the alteration of coagulation. Its etiology is multifactorial and can come to understand the life of both the mother and the fetus.

The prognosis depends on the degree of detachment, the precocity of the diagnosis and a correct treatment we must consider it as an emergency because probably the next hours are crucial as much as the patient and the fetus, its severity depends on the time that elapses between the start of the symptoms and the attention received. The treatment should include general measures for maintaining the hemodynamic balance.

We must know the problem about maternal and perinatal health and achieve a greater and better clinical understanding and with an early diagnosis, management and adequate treatment to avoid maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality


This article discusses the key features of cooperating robotic cells in the automotive assembly, highlighting the key elements in the engineers' decision-making process, while designing and implementing an assembly line for the Body In White. The main issues, affecting the performance of cooperating robotic cells, are discussed with the aid of a case study, where two different scenarios are compared. The first scenario uses a conventional fixture-based configuration of a robotic cell for performing a welding operation, while the second features the use of cooperating robots. The cases are compared with the aid of a simulation platform, and future potential developments are also discussed.


The origin of Life is one of the fundamental mysteries still unsolved by the modern science. The actual dominant orthodox scientific paradigm in Biological Sciences has as fundamental tenets that Life is a natural phenomenon as well as that the origin of Life would be an understandable event. Life apparently does not require of supplementary «vital principles» transcendent to the physical-chemical laws («materialistic forces») that govern non-living phenomena. No supernatural causes are required to explain Life. Here I have called this vision the mechanistic vital-less paradigm of Life. On the contrary the Vitalism is an old and discredited doctrine, which sustains that Life is a singular phenomenon that requires of the action of «vital forces» exclusives to living domain. The recent creation of a bacterial chromosome by Craig Venter's team and the successful transfer of it into a bacterium, where the native DNA has been replaced, has created the expectation of the creation of synthetic Life (SLife-Lab) from scratch could be a reality in the next years. However, despite this scientific notable milestone, the dream of the creation of autonomous SLab-Life (the so-called a second origin) has not been realized yet. Thus, in my opinion, an open question that still remains is this: Why it has not been SLab-Life created yet? Another question related to the previous is: Is Vitalism an idea completely dead? Here, I discuss these issues taking account a historical perspective


Damage-sensitive features such as natural frequencies are widely used for structural health monitoring; however, they are also influenced by the environmental condition. To address the environmental effect, principal component analysis is widely used. Before performing principal component analysis, the training data should be defined for the normal condition (baseline model) under environmental variability. It is worth noting that the natural change of the normal condition may exist due to an intrinsic behavior of the structural system. Without accounting for the natural change of the normal condition, numerous false alarms occur. However, the natural change of the normal condition cannot be known in advance. Although the description of the normal condition has a significant influence on the monitoring performance, it has received much less attention. To capture the natural change of the normal condition and detect the damage simultaneously, an adaptive statistical process monitoring using online learning algorithm is proposed for output-only structural health monitoring. The novelty aspect of the proposed method is the adaptive learning capability by moving the window of the recent samples (from normal condition) to update the baseline model. In this way, the baseline model can reflect the natural change of the normal condition in environmental variability. To handle both change rate of the normal condition and non-linear dependency of the damage-sensitive features, a variable moving window strategy is also proposed. The variable moving window strategy is the block-wise linearization method using k-means clustering based on Linde–Buzo–Gray algorithm and Bayesian information criterion. The proposed method and two existing methods (static linear principal component analysis and incremental linear principal component analysis) were applied to a full-scale bridge structure, which was artificially damaged at the end of the long-term monitoring. Among the three methods, the proposed method is the only successful method to deal with the non-linear dependency among features and detect the structural damage timely.


The paper analyzed anti-misoperation systern of 220 kV full-closed composite apparatus in 220 kV Jiuli substation,and pointed out the disadvantage of this system,it also put forward anti-misoperation measures,such as strengthening the government of anti-misoperation equipment and the operation process,so as to improve the reliability of electric interlock circuit


Purpose – Qualitative research has made important contributions to social science by enabling researchers to engage with people and get an in-depth understanding of their views, beliefs and perceptions about social phenomena. With new and electronically mediated forms of human interaction (e.g. the online world), there are new opportunities for researchers to gather data and participate with or observe people in online groups. The purpose of this paper is to present features, challenges and possibilities for online ethnography as an innovative form of qualitative research. Design/methodology/approach – Ethnography is about telling a story about what happens in a particular setting or settings. In order to do this online, it is important to revisit, adopt and adapt some ideas about traditional (offline) ethnography. The paper distinguishes online ethnography from other types of research. It draws some generic features of online ethnography and identifies challenges for it. With these ideas in mind the pape...


Optimal conditions with respect to pH, concentration of glutaraldehyde and enzyme, and order of addition of enzyme and crosslinking reagent were established for the immobilization of hog kidney D‐amino acid oxidase to an attapulgite support. Yields of 40 to 70% were generally attained although when low concentrations of enzyme were used yields were consistently greater than 100%. It is suggested that this is due to a dimer → monomer shift at low protein concentrations. The stability of soluble D‐amino acid oxidase was dependent on the buffer in which it was stored (pyrophosphate‐phosphate >borate > Tris). Stability of immobilized enzyme was less than soluble in pyrophosphate‐phosphate buffer, but storage in the presence of FAD improved stability. In addition, treatment of stored, immobilized enzyme with FAD before assay restored some of its activity. The immobilized D‐amino acid oxidase was less stable to heat (50°C) than the soluble enzyme from pH 6 to 8 but was more stable above and below these values. Apparent km values for D‐alanine, D‐valine, and D‐tryptophan decreased for the immobilized enzyme compared to the soluble.


The aim of our study was to retrospectively examine the history of childbirth and the quality of primary care for bleeding and evaluate the prescribed rehabilitation measures for women who have suffered postpartum hemorrhage and massive bleeding. The materials and methods of the study were 242 birth histories with postpartum hemorrhage for the last 6 years (2013-2018) in the city maternity hospital of Bukhara. The average age of the patients was 26.7 ± 1.2 years.


Author(s): Sarangthem, Bobita; Dutta, Niharika | Abstract: The primary purpose of this paper is to describe the function of the suffix - le in the Maram language. This paper discusses the function of the suffix -le in marking the end of declarative sentences, and the occurrence of -le with predicate nominals, predicate adjectives, and the existential. The paper also explores the tonal changes of -le and its non-determination of tense/aspect.