The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering and environment, and in particular relates to a method for synthesizing a mesoporous adsorption type aluminum salt composite coagulant and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: at the room temperature, mixing evenly the solid materials of calcium aluminate and calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide, and grinding and crushing the solid materials till the grain diameter is less than 200 meshes so as to form a component A; and mixing evenly silicon dioxide and solid polyaluminium chloride, and grinding and crushing the silicon dioxide and the solid polyaluminium chloride till the grain diameter is less than 200 meshes so as to form a component B. The mass ratio of the calcium aluminate to the calcium hydroxide or the calcium oxide is 1:0.1 to 1:0.2; the mass ratio of the polyaluminium chloride to the silicon dioxide is 1:1.5 to 1: 0.1; and during the use, and the dosage ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:0.1 to 1:0.01. The component A and the component B are added into a water body containing anion nitrates or nitrites respectively, the water body is stirred for 5 to 10 minutes, and the removal rate of the nitrate or nitrite ions in the solution can reach 90 to 99.9 percent. The method has the advantages of simplicity, easily obtained raw materials, low cost and very good effects on treating the water and waste water containing the nitrate and nitrite ions, broad development value and application prospect.


The patterns of spatial socioeconomic segregation in Latin American cities are changing rapidly as a result of suburbanization and metropolization. However, the political consequences of these urban spatial processes are not well understood. This article uses Orfield's framework of analysis to test the hypothesis that spatial segregation at the metropolitan level is driving political polarization between Latin American cities and their suburbs. With Bogota as a testing ground, we look for evidence that the mechanisms described by Orfield are at play. We conclude that metropolitan spatial segregation does not drive metropolitan politics in Bogota and explore some of the theoretical implications thereof.


In order to analyze recent and dramatic geomorphological variability near Jinwoodo and Sinjado island in Nakdong River Estuary, we have observed depth and elevation on survey lines for 5 years. Five statistical variables based on Digital Shoreline Analysis System and Empirical Orthogonal Functions(E...


Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are important for prevention of spoilage and pathogenic bacterial growth in foods due to their ability to generate antimicrobial substances. The objective of this study was to screen LAB for antimicrobial activity and to optimize culture medium for antimicrobial production using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD). Optimization of antimicrobial production of selected LAB was conducted with different combinations of glucose, NaCl, inoculum, and temperature. Our experimental results showed that from 129 LAB isolates, 55 showed significant inhibition against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger , and Candida albicans . No isolates inhibited the growth of Aspergillus flavus . Lactobacillus plantarum LIPI13-2-LAB011 was selected for further study on culture medium optimization to inhibit the growth of C. albicans . From statistical analysis, the production of antimicrobial substances was significantly influenced by temperature, NaCl, and concentration of glucose. Furthermore, the optimum concentrations of glucose, concentration of inoculum, temperature, and NaCl were 1.63 %, 3.03%, 33.74°C, and 3.4%, respectively, with a maximum predicted inhibition index of 1.916, which increased 3.56-fold compared to that obtained in medium before optimization processes. The result was confirmed as when the optimum concentration of nutritions used, the inhibition index increased 3.12-fold.


A 50% nitrogen (N) loss is estimated when using conventional N fertilizers in vegetable production. Slow release fertilizers (SRF) are an alternative to the use of conventional N fertilizers. SRF restrict their nutrient release by a physical coating or a chemical modification in their structure. Nutrient loss reduction when using SRF could reduce applied N rates in vegetable production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two N rates and SRF as a substitute to fertirrigation in greenhouse production of bell pepper. Treatments were based on two factors (rate and source). N rates used were 169 and 225 kg/ha. N sources used were ammonium nitrate (AN) as a conventional fertilizer and Optic-Set 38N as a SRF, both used in different proportions of 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the total rate. Evaluated variables were foliar and radicular biomass, pH and electric conductivity of the substrate, N concentration in substrate and foliar tissue and commercial and non-commercial yield using US Grading. Results showed an effect in foliar biomass production and total yield between treatments, where treatments using 100% AN, 25% SRF + 75% AN and 50% SRF + 50% AN resulted in a greater foliar biomass production of 131 gr/plant and a total yield of 9,533 kg/ha. Application rates had an effect on average fruit weight, where 225 kg/ha resulted in a 9% greater weight compared to 169 kg/ha.


This paper presents a portable vision system for forest surveying that can estimate the diameter of a target tree with a single " point and click ". Of specific interest is the texture segmentation algorithm used for accurately determining the boundaries of the target tree in a forest. This segmentation is challenging because the target may be occluding other, almost identical looking trees, creating an obscure edge. To compensate for this possibility, we have created an algorithm sensitive to small texture changes which uses both the co-occurrence matrix and the Mahalanobis metric to first find a window that must contain the target texture edge. Then, the edge is precisely localized in this window using a novel method based on co-occurrence matrix differences. Using this algorithm, given no structured shadows, we have been able to achieve consistent accuracies of +/-1 inch, or less than 5% error, in both simulated tests and a field trial.


This thesis explores the relationship between formal commercial law in Benin and women's on-the-ground business practices. It constitutes the starting point of the author's doctoral project in the course of which she intends to further pursue her research on the impact of the OHADA commercial law on socio-economic development in the region. As such, the author would welcome receiving comments and criticisms.The dissertation first looks at the evolution of business law and of economic activity in the region from pre-colonial times to present where OHADA Uniform Acts ('Acts') constitute Beninese formal commercial law's primary source. The thesis then examines elements of business women's socio-cultural realities and economic practices in the region (some of which were observed during empirical research carried out in Benin) to assess the extent to which they are accounted for in the Acts, these being largely inspired by French and foreign law. While the Acts may benefit foreign companies that contribute to the region's economic vitality to varying extents, the analysis reveals that considerable gap that continues to exist between the OHADA regime and the preoccupations of micro, small and medium (in particular female) enterprises in Benin. This prevents many Beninese citizens and enterprises from playing a greater role in the socio-economic development of their country. The dissertation suggests that the paradigms and methods currently used by OHADA and international organizations such as the World Bank in their law reform activities do not take appropriate account of the identity of legal actors in the region (banks, small, medium and large entrepreneurs, micro-credit institutions, financiers, etc.), the dynamics between them and the role of women in business. It argues in favor of business modernization techniques that would make echo to the norms regulating local economic agents conduct and realities rather that be founded overwhelmingly on reform models elaborated outside of their application context.


A 57-year-old woman with a history of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) presented with cough, shortness of breath, pyrexia and anasarca. Laboratory tests showed anaemia (haemoglobin concentration 84 g/l), thrombocytopenia (platelet count nadir 5 9 10/l), raised inflammatory markers and acute kidney injury. A direct Coombs test was strongly positive (IgG, IgM and C3d) and the blood film showed teardrop poikilocytes, nucleated red blood cells and polychromasia. A computed tomography (CT) scan (left image) showed large bilateral pleural effusions, a right middle lobe lung mass, an anterior mediastinal mass, a small pericardial effusion, mild splenomegaly, ascites and extensive mediastinal, axillary and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy. Positronemission tomography (PET) demonstrated uptake in the enlarged lymph nodes and significant uptake in the middle lobe mass. The differential diagnosis was a lymphoproliferative disorder or a bronchogenic carcinoma. The bone marrow was hypercellular with increased megakaryocytes having large, hyperlobated nuclei, distributed atypically in loose clusters. There was increased reticulin fibrosis (WHO grade 1-2). JAK2 exon 12, JAK2 V617F, CALR and MPL exon 10 mutations were not detected. Biopsies of a supraclavicular node, mediastinal nodes and the mediastinal mass showed reactive changes only. The patient therefore underwent thoracotomy and right middle lobectomy. Examination of wedge resection of lung tissue showed the changes of hyaline-vascular Castleman disease. B cells within the mantle zones showed classical concentric "onion skin" disposition with occasional hyalinised venules entering follicles at a 90-degree angle, giving a "lollipop" appearance (right image). Subsequent testing was negative for human immunodeficiency virus and human herpesvirus 8. A diagnosis was made of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease, TAFRO subtype (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, myelofibrosis, renal impairment and organomegaly). This case is an example of a rare life-threatening presentation, which clinicians may be unfamiliar with. The pathogenesis is thought to be inappropriate cytokine storm with immune suppression. Interleukin 6 receptor antagonists are central in treatment.


In order to cope with increasing power demand onboard future combatant ships, US navy has embarked on medium-voltage dc as the next generation integrated power system. A viable dc power supply system solution for such ships is based on the mature technology of multi-pulse thyristor bridge front-end rectifiers. Due to the intrinsic ripple characteristic associated with thyristor commutations in such front-ends, a high bandwidth series dc active filter can be used to smooth out the dc-bus. In this paper, we propose a new multi-loop feedback and feed-forward control system for the series dc active filter in order to meet the stringent dc-bus ripple attenuation and disturbance rejection requirements. Analysis and simulations results show promise of multi-loop control scheme. Experimental results of the 12kVA/400Vdc laboratory test-bed with feed-forward control are provided.


This paper attempts to summarize existing knowledge of the effects of urbanization on hydrologic factors and their ultimate effect on water quality. Urbanization has the greatest effect on the hydrology of an area which ultimately results in the degradation of the quality of both surface and ground water. Urbanization increases the sediment load carried by streams, decreases ground water recharge, promotes eutrophication, and causes temperature variation in streams, all of which tend to alter water quality.


Bacterial surface proteins called adhesins help pathogenic bacteria stick to their targets. So-called B domains in some of these adhesins are by far the most mechanically stable proteins known to date. For example, unfolding the B1 domain in a staphylococcal adhesin known as SdrG requires more than 2 nN of force, more than double the value of the next-strongest-known protein. Lukas F. Milles, Hermann E. Gaub, and coworkers at Ludwig Maximilian University Munich now report that three calcium ions are crucial for SdrG's B1 domain's mechanical stability (Nat. Commun. 2018, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07145-6). Removing the calcium ions with the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid reduces the strength of the protein fold to 600 pN. Replacing the calcium ions restores the strength. The researchers tuned the force response by mutating amino acids around the calcium-binding sites. One of the binding sites is more important than the others for stabilizing the domain. The researchers


In a series of papers, Belady and Lehman [Belady & Lehman, 1976] pioneered the study of the evolution of software. They observed that over time, programs exhibit increasing entropy. As a program evolves, its structure degrades and its size increases, resulting in increased complexity. The increase in program entropy as it evolves makes program maintenance increasingly more difficult, and will ultimately result in the program dying and being replaced by another program, or the program undergoing a major and expensive overhaul. When making a modification to a piece of production software, a maintenance programmer must give some thought to the impact their changes will have on the entropy of the module.


Application of multivariate statistical techniques, especially correspondence analysis, results in the recognition of four major communities for the Creede plant assemblages: fir-spruce forest, fir-pine forest, pine-juniper forest or woodland, and mountain mahogany chaparral. Physiognomy of the Creede assemblages indicates a mean annual temperature of <2.5°C. Paleoaltitudinal estimates based on this temperature estimate are inconsistent with physiographic and structural data of post-depositional uplift, unless the climatic effects of a closed basin are factored in; these effects imply that the Creede paleotemperature (and hence paleoaltitude) is applicable to the caldera rim. A variety of data indicate that summers were dry and most precipitation occurred as snow. The stratigraphic sequence of assemblages indicates that significant precipitational change occurred during deposition of the Creede plant-bearing beds. Chamaebatiaria, a shrub that now inhabits dry, open environments, had an ancestral taxon characteristic of the Creede fir-forest communities and strongly indicates a major shift in habitat for this lineage during the Neogene. A second genus, Luetkea, which is now herbaceous, is represented by a probable woody ancestral taxon that was common in the Creede forest communities. Consideration of the adaptive and morphologic histories of the Creede lineages suggests that physiologic adaptation may precede morphologic change. The Creede forest communities have no modern homologues.


[470662-13-6] C21H22Sn (MW 393.11)

InChI = 1S/C19H15.2CH3.Sn.H/c1-2-4-13-7-8-16-10-9-14-5-3-6-15-11-12-17(13)19(16)18(14)15;;;;/h3,5-12H,1-2,4H2;2*1H3;;

InChIKey = OBBOKOCEJHZODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(source of tin-centered radicals which react in the same way as Bu3Sn• with alkyl and aryl halides with a rate constant for reduction of carbon-centered radicals of the same order of magnitude as that of Bu3SnH, easily removable tin reagent)

Solubility: organic solvents (CH2Cl2, THF, C6H6, and toluene).

Preparative Methods: oxidative cleavage of one Sn-Me bond with iodine from the corresponding trimethylstannane prepared in five steps from commercially available pyrenecarboxaldehyde, followed by reduction of the Sn-I bond with sodium borohydride.1, 2

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are notoriously carcinogenic and should be handled with caution.3 Tin compounds in general are toxic although the closely related Bu3SnH appears to be relatively innocuous. Therefore, dimethyl[3-(1-pyrenyl)propyl]stannane should be handled in a fume hood. For stability reasons, it should be kept cold (refrigerator) and protected from light.


We show that the macroscopic current and charge can be formulated as a quantum-mechanical zero-mode problem. We find that the current is given by the velocity operator of a particle restricted to move around a circle. As an explicit example we investigated a Luttinger liquid of length L that is perturbed by a time-dependent impurity. Using the statistical mechanics of zero modes we computed the nonequilibrium current. In particular we show that in the low-temperature limit, ${L}_{T}/Lg1,$ the zero-mode method introduced here becomes essential for computing the current.


In skeletal muscle myogenesis, precursor cells or myoblasts fuse to form multinucleated cells (myotubes), which then further develop into functional muscle. We investigated if the inhibition of myogenesis by transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) involve regulation of voltage‐dependent Ca2+ channels. Primary cultured myoblasts were kept in fusion medium (0–6 days) in either the absence (control conditions) or the presence of 40 pm TGF‐β1 or 5 nm BMP‐2. Subsequently, the developing myotubes were transferred to a growth factor‐free recording solution, and subjected to whole cell patch‐clamp experiments. At day 0, 14% of non‐fusing myoblasts exhibited T‐current, whereas the L‐current was practically absent. Under control conditions, however, the percentage of T‐ and L‐channel‐expressing myotubes increased sharply, from 25% at day 1 to ∼100% at days 2–6. In addition, parallel increases were determined for Ca2+‐currents density and cell membrane capacitance (Cm), which is proportional to the size of myotubes. Interestingly, at days 1–2 TGF‐β1 and BMP‐2 eliminated the T‐current on initial 14% of T‐channel‐expressing myoblasts. Moreover, at day 6 the growth factors significantly reduced the maximal values of both T‐current density (80%) and Cm (60%). The effect of BMP‐2 was selective on T‐channels, whereas TGF‐β1 decreased also the L‐current density (90%). A similar reduction in maximal conductance of the Ca2+ channels was determined, in the absence of significant alterations in other essential properties of the channels, including the time course and voltage dependence of activation and inactivation. The results suggest these growth factors markedly reduce the number of functional T‐ (both TGF‐β1 and BMP‐2) and L‐channels (only TGF‐β1) in the surface of the plasma membrane, and contribute to explaining the associated effects on myogenesis.


: Based on multiple corpora, this study combines qualitative research and quantitative research and takes the category classifier of ancient Chinese as the research object, with the aim to investigate the cognitive mechanism of fine categorization thinking and embodiment reflected by the Chinese nationality in the process of its construction. The results show that: 1) Metonymy plays a leading role in the formation of "X Zhong/Lei N" category classfier construction and is responsible for "concrete relevance" while metaphor plays a leading role in the evolution of its construction and is responsible for "abstract analogy". 2) The mechanism of constructions extension is not limited to the four types proposed by Goldberg: metaphor, polysemy, exemplification and subcategorization, but also involves metonymy in the extension of Chinese synonymous category classifier constructions.


The 3G networks do not cope with the increase in traffic and throughput demands. LTE provides better capabilities but the forecast is that in the next 2 to 3 years this will not suffice. In this paper we propose a revolutionary 5G network candidate that guarantees data rates in the order of 1Gbps. We present the architecture and basic parameters of the WOC system and make a coverage comparison between LTE 800 and the 5G proposed network.


We study inelastic vibration-assisted charge transfer effects in two-site molecular junctions, focusing on signatures of vibrational anharmonicity on the electrical characteristics and the thermoelectric response of the junction. We consider three types of oscillators: harmonic, anharmonic-Morse allowing bond dissociation, and harmonic-quartic, mimicking a confinement potential. Using a quantum master equation method which is perturbative in the electron-vibration interaction we find that the (inelastic) electrical and thermal conductances can be largely affected by the nature of the vibrational potential. In contrast, the Seebeck coefficient, the thermoelectric figure-of-merit, and the thermoelectric efficiency beyond linear response, conceal this information, showing a rather weak sensitivity to vibrational anharmonicity. Our work illustrates that anharmonic (many-body) effects, consequential to the current-voltage characteristics, are of little effect for the thermoelectric performance.


We are grateful to Steven Koehler for his comments on our study on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and air pollution in Taiwan.1 The criticism focuses on the autopsy rate and the new, but well-referenced finding, that in Taiwan, and probably other Asian countries, the majority of classic SIDS is coded as suffocation. Following is an itemized reply to the issues raised. SIDS has been assumed to be a phenomenon of western countries. In China and Hong Kong it is thought to be virtually nonexistent2,3 Japan and Taiwan have officially published rates that are extremely low.4,5


Now more than 15 years and $1 billion later George Soros has concluded that his mission is over. With the government in Moscow stabilized and a new generation of homegrown philanthropists emerging the international financier has decided to leave Russia to the Russians and effectively withdraw from a country that has absorbed much of his time and energy. (excerpt)


Scholars examining the controversy over church-state relations in the modern era have concentrated almost exclusively on its constitutional aspects. This is to be expected since the U.S. Supreme Court has handed down epic decisions that have drawn an increasingly sharper picture of the First Amendment's guideline concerning the government's involvement in religion. The Court did, in fact, lead the way in establishing or reestablishing the doctrine called "separation of church and state." But the Court touched off a furious debate within the states that has intermittently yet persistently influenced public policy since the early 1960s. It is time that scholars examine more closely the participants outside of the Court.


The LLC resonant has drawn much attention for high efficiency. However, its wide-input-voltage efficiency still cannot meet the ever increasing requirements. This paper proposes a LLC converter with frequency-based self-adapted magnetizing inductance to improve the efficiency in wide input voltage range. In order to reduce design difficulty of transformer, two transformers are used as matrix transformer, which helps efficiency improvement as well. More importantly, a simplified method for parameter calculation is also proposed in the paper. The practicability of the proposed design method is analyzed and verified on a 1. $5kW, 160kHz$ experimental prototype.


We construct a higher Abel-Jacobi map for 0-cycles on complex three- folds and prove that it can be used to describe Mumford's pull-back of a differential form, and that its image is infinite-dimensional in many cases. However, making a certain assumption, we show that it is not always injective.


In this article we investigate the impact of different realizations in framework of the generation of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), and scale resulting from Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) intra-technique combination. The first section reviews the input contribution of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) to the ITRS realizations. The second section shows the results of using the three different inter-technique combined ITRS realizations as a priori station coordinates in the IVS combination process. We found significant differences in the scale when comparing the results to the respective a priori frames DTRF2014, ITRF2014, and JTRF2014. The scale differences are -0.01 ppb for DTRF2014, -0.59 ppb for ITRF2014, and 0.19 ppb for JTRF2014, with residual WRMS of 0.88 ppb for DTRF2014, 0.95 ppb for ITRF2014, and 0.78 ppb for JTRF2014. In terms of EOP, the differences of using DTRF2014, ITRF2014, and JTRF2014 as a priori values for station coordinates are less distinct. We found differences in particular parameters, i.e. x-pole, y-pole, LOD, and dUT1, using the three different TRS realizations as a priori station coordinates. However, the differences do not emphasize one or another ITRS realization as preferable TRF for VLBI combination. Moreover, we found significant differences in dUT1 when using IERS 08C04 or IERS 14C04 as EOP reference series, which might indicate inconsistencies between these two reference series. Introduction In this chapter we review the IVS contribution to the ITRF2014 and the adjunctive combination process before investigating the impact of the three ITRS realizations on VLBI combined Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) and scale. The scale parameter is particularly interesting, as VLBI – together with Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) – are the only space geodetic techniques with reliable access to this parameter. In the framework of the latest realization of the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS), each of the three ITRS Combination Centers of the IERS (DGFI-TUM, IGN, JPL) provides an inter-technique combined terrestrial reference frame (TRF) using different station coordinate parameterizations. DGFI-TUM provides the DTRF2014, using a piecewise linear station model with improved geophysical modeling of loading deformation (Seitz et al., 2016). The official ITRF solution, ITRF2014, is provided by IGN, using a piece-wise linear station model and an additional post-seismic deformation model (Altamimi et al., 2016). Finally, JPL provides the JTRF2014, using Kalman filtered weekly estimations of station coordinates with the noise of the time-series triggered by geophysical loading models (Abbondanza et al., 2017). In the following sections the internal VLBI evaluation of the scale parameter is discussed, then we compare the scale parameter between the combined solution resulting from the VLBI-only combination using


V_2O_5/ACH catalysts were prepared by pore volume impregnation of pretreated activated carbon honeycombs through steam activation at 850(°C) using an aqueous solution of ammonium metavanadate(NH_4VO_3) in oxalic acid.The effect of V_2O_5 loading over ACH on simultaneous SO_2 and NO removal was investigated.The properties of the V_2O_5/ACH catalyst with different V_2O_5 loading were characterized by BET(Brunner-Emmett-Teller),FT-IR(Fourien transform infrared spectroscopy) and TPD(temperature programmed desorption).Results indicate that,with increasing V_2O_5 loading in the range of 1%~5%,the SO_2 removal activity increases and NO conversion decreases over the fresh V_2O_5/ACH catalyst.The(regeneration) in NH_3 increases the SO_2 removal activity of the catalysts with V_2O_5 loading of lower than 3% but decreases the SO_2 removal activity of the catalyst with V_2O_5 loading of 5%.But regeneration of the used catalyst in NH_3 significantly improves the NO removal activity,especially at lower V_2O_5 loading.A catalyst with V_2O_5 loading of 1%~3% was found to be optimal for simultaneous SO_2 and NO removal.


Facial features have become one of the leading standards for biometric authentication. With the growing demand for the Internet of Things, it has become imperative to have systems to detect any data breach used for authentication. New deep fake technologies have made it possible to compromise the database, making real-time authentication inefficient. The counterfeit to the real-time data can be challenging to detect. We have developed a deep fake image detection utilizing ResNet50 and Spatial Pyramidal Pooling to tackle this problem. Our model detects manipulation in real-time data, irrespective of its size and background, at an accuracy of 94%. This model will allow us to detect bypass in the database for facial biometric authentication and improve the system's security.


Production of compost using non-invested palm residues leads to organic products that improve the productivity of arable land. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of concentrations of different animal feces with plant palm leaves on microbial activity. Samples of palm leaves and animal feces of camels, sheep, and chickens were collected and blended. Water and bakery yeast was added to improve the microbial activity of compost then the mixture is incubated according to the windrow method. Results are satisfactory and allowed us to obtain natural compost free of micro-organisms with chicken feces (50%) without bakery yeast addition. Besides, sheep feces mixture, with added bakery yeast, gives microbial number decreases with percentage rise of feces.


Visual features are generally used in video summarization including sports videos. However, audio features are also important in summarization as they characterize the exciting events of a sport, especially when external thing e.g. raining effects the visual feature. The commentator's voice, referee's whistle, and audience-voice are strongly correlated to the exciting events e.g. goal, penalty shootout, red card, etc. in a soccer game. The existing methods using original audio signals could not provide expected summary due to the various noises from the audience such as horn and sound from various musical instruments. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to extract audio features using Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) that can filter out noises. We have conducted a set of experiments on four real soccer videos. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can detect goal events with 96% accuracy which outperforms the existing state-of-the-art method by 42%.


The derailment accident of the train caused by the too big crosswind was often occurred in the world. It was a serious danger to the running safety of the railway train and the people's life and treasure. The highest running speed of the EMU has reached 350 km/h and the biggest wind speed nearly 30 m/h at the running area of the EMU, so running safety was influenced by the crosswind seriously. The running safety of the EMU under the function of aerodynamic side force, lift force and rolling moment was researched based on the EMU dynamic model. The influence of the mild wind (15 m/s) and the gust crosswind (25 m/s) to the EMU was researched. Simulation results shown that the crosswind not only has a big influence to the wheel set lateral force, derailment coefficient but also has a big influence to the wheel load decrease rate. With the increase of running speed, the running safety of the EMU has turned worse and easy lead to derailment. The running speed of the EMU must decrease to avoid the derailment from the point view of wheel load reduction rate. The gust crosswind has a bigger influence than the mild wind and the front vehicle was much influenced by the crosswind than the other vehicles.


The current study aimed to investigate the adverse effects of methomyl (Met) dose at different time intervals alone or with weekly Vitamin E+Selenium (ESe) injection on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters, and liver & kidney histopathological changes of New Zealand White (NZW) growing male rabbits. Five groups of 10 weaned rabbits (at 7 weeks of age and average initial live body weight of 824.40±71.0 g)were randomly assignedand used. The first group was served as control, the 2nd and 3rdgroups were received a daily dose of 10 and 20 mg kg−1 body weight (BW) of Met, while, the 4th and 5thgroups were received a daily dose of 10 and 20.0 mg kg−1 BW of Met with weekly subcutaneously ESe injection. Results of the present study showed that: growth performance did not change significantly throughout experimental periods. Continuous exposure to Met alone or with ESe injection at 28 days showed a significant (P≤0.05 and 0.01) decrease in RBCs count. WBCs was increased significantly (P≤0.01) with exposure to Met only at 35 days. A significant decrease in total protein, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) due to exposure to Met was obtained. However, Alanine aminotrans ferase(ALT) and creatinine were increased significantly at 14 and 35 days. Degenerative changes and edematous fluid in the portal area with necrotic changes in hepatic cells were observed due to Met  effect. However, a few of proliferation of bile duct with edematous fluid in the portal area were affected of Met dose with ESe injection. Kidney damage due to Met exposure was involve ingrenal tissue damage with leukocyte infiltration, and degenerative changes due to Met exposure and ESe injection. Dietary Met administration with or without injection of ESe did not significantly affect most of carcass traits studied, except for heart, spleen, lung and fore limb percentages, which were significantly (P≤0.05) differed.  In conclusion, the overall findings showed that Met exposure can cause biochemical changes, hepatic and renal damage to rabbits with low protection role of ESein NZW growing male rabbits.


The study explores the advancing approach of commercial banks of Pakistan and Bahrain influenced by different factors that include loan loss provision, profitability, financial risks, and capital requirement. Hypotheses tested using exploratory analysis and GMM panel regression applied to the data obtained from 26 commercial banks of two countries for the period FY2008 to FY2017. The results reveal a significant connection between advancing approach and loan loss provisions for banks of both countries. Further, the advancing approach establishes a meaningful adverse relationship with profitability and credit risk for banks in Pakistan and with CAR for banks in Bahrain. Overall, the study discovers loan loss provision, profitability, credit risk, and CAR as critical factors having a direct and indirect influence on banks' advancing approaches, which is an addition to the body of knowledge. Interestingly, it observed that the banks are more inclined towards risky assets such as consumer finance must maintain a higher degree of capital adequacy ratio.


The influence of cold rolling and subsequent annealing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a beta titanium alloy with the chemical composition of Ti-4Al-7Mo-3V-3Cr (Ti-4733) was investigated. The cold rolling was applied at room temperature up to 70% thickness reduction without cracking. The stress-induced martensitic transformation and dislocation slip were found to be the deformation mechanisms at the initial stage of deformation. Microstructural examinations revealed that several deformation bands form within the grains and also reverse transformation of αk to β phase takes place with increasing deformation. The formation of band structures explains the high workability for Ti-4733 at room temperature. A short time annealing of the cold-rolled specimen resulted in a fine-grained structure with the average grain size of 22 μm. The reverse αk to β phase transformation and recrystallization of deformed β phase are suggested to be the grain refinement mechanisms. The cold-rolled and annealed specimens exhibited enhanced tensile properties, so that the strength and elongation increased from 790MPa and 13% in the solution treated condition to 900MPa and 35%, respectively, after 70% cold rolling and annealing at 880 °C for 10min.


Women with preeclampsia have hypertension, placental ischemia, intrauterine growth restriction, reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR), elevated sFlt, preproendothelin (PPE), and agonistic autoantibodies to the Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1‐AA) during pregnancy. The reduce uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of placental ischemia during pregnancy, also displays elevated AT1‐AAs, blood pressure, sFlt, PPE, and a reduced GFR along with fetus and placenta demise. Due to the robust elevation of AT1‐ AAs in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, we hypothesis that administration of a specific 7 amino acid peptide sequence (7AA) to inhibit the AT1‐AA, will improve blood pressure, sFlt, preproendothelin, GFR, and pregnancy outcomes in RUPP rats.


layered flexible mold or form and the introduction of both an inert and a reactive fluid into spacings of the mold so as to produce both the shape and the basic structure of the designated tunnel. Upon consolidation of the reactive fluid, the inert fluid will be withdrawn and air is filled in to provide the tunnel spacing for further finishing work and normal function of the tun nel. When completed, the designated tunnel basically consists of a sandwich-like structural body having a least an inner and an outer layer of impermeable fabrics and sandwiched within these fabrics a relatively thick layer of consolidated mass such as concrete which con stitutes the main structure or walls of the tunnel. A second layer of consolidated mass may be provided through the use of a third and outer fabric and the cor responding introduction of the reactive fluid into the enclosed spacing thereof. This provides the lateral strength for the tunnel. Alternatively, the basic tunnel structure may also be erected within a depression pre excavated on the floor of the watercourse to delete the need for supplementary wall system.


In 1980, Bowman proposed the Bowman paradox, a negative relationship between the risk and return in 85 U.S. industries, a contradiction with the high risk-high return doctrine. Examining the open-end equity mutual funds in Thailand, this study documents the negative relationship that can occasionally be seen between risk and return in the industry during 2003-2012. The study further examines the factors that will affect the probability that a fund will deliver an outstanding low-risk, high-return performance using unbalanced panel logistic regression on a binary dependent variable. The results showed that funds with high non-systematic risk, also called idiosyncratic risk, and/or older funds, were more likely to deliver a low-risk, high-return performance, and the funds that were managed by the company that managed a high number of funds were less likely to deliver such performance. This study proposes a new performance evaluation tool called the "risk-return matrix." This matrix suggested the funds with outstanding low-risk, high-return past performance.This study applied the results to three new investment strategies. All simulations demonstrated returns better than the industry's average returns. JEL Classification: G11, G12


Prognosis for relapsed/refractory high‐risk neuroblastoma (HR‐NBL) remains poor. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, has shown preclinical activity against NBL as a single agent and in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy including irinotecan.


The notion of development blocks suggests the co-evolution of technologies and industries through complementarities and the overcoming of imbalances. This paper studies groups of closely related industries and their co-evolution in the network of Swedish product innovations, by combining statistical methods and qualitative data from a newly constructed innovation output database, SWINNO. The study finds ten sets of closely related industries in which innovation activity has been prompted by the emergence of technological imbalances or by the exploitation of new technological opportunities.


Digital technology is making it possible for publishers and libraries to gather data on the dissemination and use of scholarly publications in unprecedented detail and on an unprecedented scale. While data arising from the digital distribution of content provides new opportunities for understanding the scholarly communication ecosystem, it also creates socio-technical challenges for understanding how scholarly content is shared and used across networked knowledge landscapes. Libraries and institutions will require the context that aggregate data can provide to effectively use the data they collect, but they will be unable to create this context alone. This risks leaving the collection of data in the hands of a small number of well-resourced organizations—likely commercial—that do not answer to the community.

The proposed Publishing Analytics Data Alliance will serve as a cooperative in which representatives from all of the relevant academic publishing stakeholder groups (academic publishers, research libraries, research centers, and aggregators) collaborate to address the socio-technical challenges around publishing analytics: developing a data model, workflows, and prototype for aggregation and display of usage data relating to digital monographs, and creating an accompanying code of ethics and terms of use for data gathering, analysis, and dissemination by members.


Noncoding RNAs are any transcript that functions directly as RNA rather than being translated into protein. Many noncoding RNAs conserve intramolecular secondary structure. When a lot of data is available, comparative sequence analysis is a powerful approach to predicting RNA secondary structure. More frequently, only a small number of structurally homologous RNA sequences are known. In this case some evolutionary information is available, but insufficient for a pure comparative analysis. Predicting consensus RNA secondary structure for small datasets is an open problem. In this work we approach the problem by examining the case of predicting the consensus structure between two RNA sequences. We use a pairwise stochastic context-free grammar to model secondary structure and alignment simultaneously. The resulting algorithm is computationally expensive, so we also develop a method of constraining the algorithm to reduce memory and runtime requirements.


The unbalanced distribution of waiting passengers on subway platform can easily lead to the reduction of platform ride efficiency and the increase of potential safety risks. In order to study the waiting sub-area selection behavior of subway platform passengers, this paper defined the waiting sub-area of platform and put forward the principle of dividing the waiting sub-area of platform. Based on the analysis of the influencing factors and mechanism of passenger waiting sub-area selection, the Logit model of passenger waiting sub-area selection is established. Finally, the model is calibrated and validated by using the survey data of Qibao Station of Shanghai Metro. The results showed that the distance between passengers and waiting sub-area, relative passenger congestion, waiting time coefficient and platform visual field had significant effects on the choice of waiting sub-area. The model can better fit the distribution of waiting sub-area of subway platform passengers. The research results can provide theoretical basis for passenger flow organization and facilities layout optimization of the platform.


(1976). Indicators of Change in the Recreation Environment. By Betty van der Smissen. Journal of Leisure Research: Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 188-190.


Chemical and bio-remediation measures for the detoxification of pollutants such as cyanide and heavy metals in mine tailings effluent have been developed over the years. The study sought to evaluate the decrease in the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, As and Pb through the integration of the processes involving photo-oxidation, activated carbon, hydrogen peroxide and bacterial degradation to decontaminate wastewater from the gold ore treatment plant until release into the environment in Ghana. The levels of trace metals Cu (0.345 mg l-1), Zn (0.07 mg l-1) and Fe (0.146 mg l-1 ) in treated effluent released into natural water bodies after bacterial degradation was generally within international and local standards for effluent discharges. Except for As, the levels of Cd and Pb which are hazardous heavy metals that may pose adverse health and environmental effects were within acceptable limits. The toxicity of these metals were in the increasing order Pb < Cd < As. The anthropogenic source of As in the chemically processed arseno-pyritic rock ores of the study area and the marginal 14–49% efficiency of As of the different detoxification processes could have contributed to the high levels of As in the effluent. If optimal conditions are attained for the decontamination processes used, the multi-remediation approach could be an effective solution for the decontamination of mine tailings effluent. Introduction Environmental pressure groups such as Wassa Association of Communities affected by Mining (WACAM), The National Coalition on Mining (NCOM) and Third World Network-Africa (TWN-Af) have expressed concerns over the magnitude of land degradation and water pollution that occur in mining environments in Ghana. In some mining communities, the spent rocks from surface mining operations deposited on agricultural lands deprive the people, who are predominantly farmers, of their livelihoods (WACAM, 2003). The heavy metals of sediments from waste damps and deforested lands pollute rivers that serve as main sources of drinking water during heavy rainfall (NCOM, 2009; WACAM, 2003). Arsenic concentrations up to 350 mg l-1 have been reported to occur in stream waters affected by mining pollution in the Obuasi area of southern Ghana by Smedley (1996). Surface mining operations have resulted in stream pollution from cyanide spillages, acid mine drainage (AMD) and tailings leakages (Owusu-Kwateng, 2005). These activities have serious health implications and deprive the people in these communities access to the basic human need of good quality drinking water (Owusu-Kwateng, 2005; WACAM, 2008). The global economic and environmental climate has changed in recent years, and there is increasing pressure on mining companies to clean up toxic wastes and improve regulatory frameworks to attract foreign direct investment flows (OECD, 2002). West African Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 21(1), 2013 146 Several processes have been employed in the decontamination of effluent containing cyanide and associated heavy metals worldwide. These include natural degradation by ultraviolet radiation as in the tailings dam, oxidation by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), oxidation by chlorination, Cyanisorb process, the INCO process involving oxidation by SO2 (Akcil, 2003), Acidification-VolatilisationRecovery (AVR) process, AcidificationVolatilisation-Neutralisation (AVN) process, sulphidisation, acidification, recycling and thickening (SART), conversion into stable iron cyanide precipitates and increased solution pH by liming (USEPA, 1994). However, an integration of different effluent detoxification methods is used by the mine under study, until final discharge into natural water bodies. These are the use of H2O2, carbon-in-solution (CIS), photo-oxidation and rotating biological Contractors (RBCs), that involve bacterial degradation with Pseudomonas sp. at different points of effluent flow (Opong, 2008). Hydrogen peroxide oxidizes cyanide in solution, in the presence of the copper ion as a catalyst, to cyanate ion which, subsequently, hydrolyses to form ammonia and carbonate (Khodadadi et al., 2005; Akcil, 2003). The H2O2 process can be applied to waste waters but reagent requirements increase for slurries (USEPA, 1994). The photo-oxidative degradation of cyanide that occurs by UV radiation is slow but the rate of the reaction can be enhanced with increasing UV light intensity (Malhotra et al., 2004) and, or in combination with H2O2 (Malhotra, Pandit, Kapoor & Tyagi, 2004). Columns of activated carbon are utilized in the CIS process to precipitate heavy metals and dissolved gold (Opong, 2008). The precipitation and, or microbial degradation of thiocyanate also occur in the activated carbon columns (Dictor et al., 1997). The destruction of cyanide by bacteria results in the formation of ammonia, carbonates and sulphates from cyanide (Whitlock & Mudder, 1985; USEPA, 1994). The metal ions released from metal cyanides are sorbed and precipitated onto the biofilm of the rotating biological contractors, and the ammonia is finally converted into nitrate (Akcil, 2003; USEPA, 1994). Bacterial degradation potentially provides a relatively cheaper and more efficient means of cyanide degradation than chemical methods (Akcil, 2003; Ebbs, 2004). Biological remediation and photolysis have an advantage over treatments such as the use of H2O2 and activated carbon as in CIS, because thiocyanates are removed from waste waters (Akcil, 2003; Dash et al., 2009). In biological treatment, free metals are either adsorbed within the biofilm or precipitated from solution (Dash et al., 2009). The degradation of metals and metal cyanide complexes of Zn and Cu has been reported by Akcil (2003) and Botz (2001). An integration of chemical and biological treatments might, therefore, be a more appropriate approach to the detoxification of raw waste water produced from gold processing. The specific objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness of an integrated waste water detoxification regime, and to determine the extent of free cyanide and heavy metals decontamination of remediated tailings sites in a Ghanaian mining concession in relation to local and international acceptable thresholds. Materials and methods Osei & Ahmed: Chemical and biological processes for detoxification of gold tailings 147 Site description The research was conducted within a Ghanaian mine, where the gold deposits occur along a zone of intensive shearing and faulting within the Precambrian greenstones. The mineral deposits are of two types, comprising of quartz veins containing highgrade free gold and the main sulphide ore in which narrow veins contain gold trapped within arsenopyrite. The soils of the area are classified as Ferralsols (FAO & IUSS, 2006). A main natural water body with some of its tributaries flow into and out of the mining concession. Effluent flow and discharge into the environment The flow of effluent after gold extraction by the oxide and sulphide treatment plants, until discharged into the environment, is shown in Fig. 1. Briefly, the treatment of the processed gold ore effluent commences with its flow from the sulphide and oxide treatment plants into the tailings dam and also impoundments I and II (Fig. 1). Pond I, which was designed to flow into Pond II, is silted up and there are currently attempts to desilt it. The effluent in Pond II then flows into Pond III, which is treated with hydrogen peroxide to detoxify cyanide. Subsequently, the supernatant waste water from pond III and the holdings are recycled to the oxide and sulphide treatment plants for reuse. The supernatant waste water from the tailings dam is then channelled into the holdings pond. The waste water in the holdings pond undergoes carbon-in-solution treatment in activated carbon columns and photooxidation treatments for the detoxification of heavy metals/removal of dissolved gold and cyanide, respectively. The process of bacterial degradation for the detoxification of cyanide, using Pseudomonas sp., then takes place via the Rotating Biological Contractors (RBCs). The resultant treated waste water is channelled into a fish pond and, subsequently, released into the water course of the environment. The treated effluent flows into the environment through the upper and lower courses into the main river which is a tributary of larger water bodies. Effluent sampling and preparation The effluent of the study area was sampled and analysed. The effluent samples were taken in black 1-litre polyethylene bottles to minimize the degradation of cyanide by ultraviolet radiation. Samples were collected into the bottles after they had been initially rinsed with the effluent. Three grab samples were taken at different sampling points per effluent site. The oxidizing agent, chlorine, that can destroy cyanide in the effluent at the preservation stage, was neutralized by the addition of 0.06% ascorbic acid per litre of effluent. The samples were placed in an ice chest, at a temperature of about 4o C, from the field to the laboratory. The pH of the effluent was measured with the portable Yokogawa PH72pH/ORP pH metre. The pH of 50 ml of the subsamples to be analyzed for free canide were raised to 12 with NaOH solution to reduce losses due to volatilization of HCN and the transformation of CNinto stable cyanide compounds at low pH (Young & Jordan, 1995). The 50 ml subsamples for the analyses of heavy metals were acidified with concentrated HNO3 (0.1% v/v) as a preservative (Chatterjee et al., 1993). Effluent analyses The concentrations of free cyanide (CNF), As, Pb, Fe and Zn of the tailings dam, holdings pond and detoxified effluent from processed gold ore were determined. Cadmium (Cd) and Cu, which form Weak West African Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 21(1), 2013 148 Acid Dissociable (WAD) metal-cyanide complexes, that readily dissociate to release toxic free cyanide, as well as the metal cations, were also determined. The analyses o


A solid model was built in SolidWorks,and the finite analysis was carried out in COSMOSXpress,and to learn stress and strain distributions of part which was exerted the certain constraints and loads. According to safety factor which was obtained through FEM analysis,to find design flaws,then preliminary optimization was completed through modifying parameters of modal in the seriate part design table,and to increase design level of part and production efficiency.


FIELD: solid particles separation from gas. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has chamber with bottom, mixed stream feeding branch pipe with dynamic concentrator made in the form of converging tube, central branch pipe for solid particles outlet with collectors, system of solid particles discharge intensification. header of which, mounted in upper part of collector, is linked by pipeline with header, that is mounted in upper part of branch pipe in zone of converging tube. Each of headers is linked by pipeline with header, that is mounted at chamber inlet. EFFECT: improved design. 4 cl, 3 dwg


This document is a monthly report for September, 1994 of the significant developments that have taken place at the Mixed Waste Management Facility (MWMF) located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). This report presents a project financial summary, describes the quality assurance programs, project management, and presents a monthly summary of activities for the various treatment operations.


Current research on solids mixing was reviewed with regards to particle mixing mechanisms,mixing equipments,evaluation and testing of mixing effect.The development of solids mixing in tobacco primary processing was introduced and prospect of research in this field was proposed combined with characteristics of tobacco processing.


Corruption in Indonesia had caused big destruction for existence of a state. Not only cause state finance detriment but also corruption has taken social and economical right of people in common. This kind of crime is very difficult to be eradicated because sometimes it is done systematically and involve authorized people. We can feel how big and extraordinary of corruption impact. It is worthy if corruption is categorized as extraordinary crime that must be eradicated extraordinarily in which one of those is by social working. Problem identification of this problem are 1) how is social working model for corruptor? and 2) how social work penalty as a way in eradicating corruption in Indonesia? Method of approach used in this research is juridical normative approach with secondary data as its source. Based on analysis, it can be concluded that it is necessary to implement heavy punishment for corruptor by social working because it can create a deterrence effect. Social working penalty also can be a solution is corruption eradication in Indonesia. Social working penalty is do a good deed to people and create social working. Key words : social working penalty, eradication, corruption


In reality, Fraction is one of a difficult subject in mathematics, to learn as well as to teach its. Most of students have a complex to comprehend the fraction concept and operation. As same as a teacher have a difficult way when they are teach it, they encourage students just to memorize the formula, give some rules to solve and applied. A lot of teacher did not use a manipulative media for enriching their learning. This was a negative impact for teaching and learning, they are not using manipulative media to build fraction concept. Bad affect, students are not interested to learn about the fraction. In this study, researchers applied the Qualitative approach, the aims of this are (1) Analyze and describing systematically about the beginning comprehend of PGMI students about fraction concept, (2) the realization of applying experimentallearning  and  usage manipulative media in  fractios. Thus, the outcomes of this research would be the result about the beginning comprehensive student's PGMI about the fraction concept and manipulative media is implemented to teach the fraction. Based on the first data, it can be concluded that PGMI students have a difficult to explain about (1) determine the fraction part of an area (2) teach and explain the concept of fraction for elementary students (3) solving a fractional operation (4) defining a fraction worth (5) usage manipulative media for the concept of fraction.


Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), in addition to being cytotoxic for certain tumor cells, has turned out as a multifunctional cytokine that is involved in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. Since human keratinocytes have been demonstrated to be a potent source of various cytokines, it was investigated whether epidermal cells synthesize and release TNF-alpha. Supernatants derived from normal human keratinocytes (HNK) and human epidermoid carcinoma cell lines (KB, A431) were tested both in a TNF-alpha-specific ELISA and a bioassay. In supernatants of untreated epidermal cells, no or minimal TNF-alpha activity was found, while after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or ultraviolet (UV) light, significant amounts were detected. Western blot analysis using an antibody directed against human TNF-alpha revealed a molecular mass of 17 kD for keratinocyte- derived TNF-alpha. These biological and biochemical data were also confirmed by Northern blot analysis revealing mRNA specific for TNF- alpha in LPS- or ultraviolet B (UVB)-treated HNK and KB cells. In addition, increased TNF-alpha levels were detected in the serum obtained from human volunteers 12 and 24 h after a single total body UVB exposure, which caused a severe sunburn reaction. These findings indicate that keratinocytes upon stimulation are able to synthesize and release TNF-alpha, which may gain access to the circulation. Thus, TNF- alpha in concert with other epidermal cell-derived cytokines may mediate local and systemic inflammatory reactions during host defense against injurious events caused by microbial agents or UV irradiation.


This study identifies the main factors that explain the recovery of the Mexican economy after the currency crisis of 1995. A growth decomposition exercise shows that export growth mitigated somewhat the effect of the crisis in 1995, but contributed only modestly to the recovery afterwards. Evidence for Indonesia, Korea, and Thailand also show that fixed investment explained a substantial portion of the reduction in economic growth during their recent crises. Econometric results show that fixed investment fell precipitously in 1995 as a result of both the negative income effect and the increase in the cost of capital caused by the sharp depreciation of the currency. The authors found support for the view that access to the U.S. financial market was a key feature of the recovery after 1995. A policy implication that emerges from the analysis is that, for countries like Mexico, currency depreciation appears as a better policy response to speculative attacks than interest rate defenses of overvalued currency levels.


Phylogenetic relationships of the phyto-pathogenic Gibberella fujikuroi species complex were investigated by maximum parsimony analysis of DNA sequences from multiple loci. Gene trees inferred from...


OBJECTIVE
To assess the role of the Russell-Taylor humeral nail in the treatment of humeral shaft fractures.

STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective with a mean radiologic and clinical follow-up at thirty-two months.

SETTING
University teaching hospital.

PATIENTS
Total of thirty-seven patients treated with the Russell-Taylor humeral nail.

INTERVENTION
All patients were treated with the Russell-Taylor humeral nail inserted in an antegrade fashion.

OUTCOME MEASURES
Radiologic union and shoulder function in terms of pain, power, range of movement, and activities of daily living.

RESULTS
There were four established nonunions and four cases of delayed union (time to union > four months). Age of patient was the only predictor of nonunion. There was one infection and one intraoperative fracture. Two prominent proximal screws required removal, and one nail was removed after union because of impingement. Three patients required manipulation under anesthesia to improve shoulder movement. At review, six patients had residual poor shoulder function as per Constant score, four attributable to shoulder stiffness and two to residual pain.

CONCLUSION
The authors' findings indicate a significant rate of delayed or nonunion in the elderly patient. When the high rate of union with conservative treatment is considered, the indications and rationale for intramedullary humeral nailing should be clearly defined.


A series of evaluation studies on Autonomous Intelligent Cruise Control (AICC) carried out within the scope of PROMETHEUS are presented. These studies, based on field tests in real traffic, cover a wide range of issues from product acceptance, and driver-system interaction to effects on driver behaviour and traffic safety. Part 1 describes objectives and methods, part 2 results and conclusions. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 868006.


CFRPs are increasingly employed in the aircraft industry thanks to their high strength and high rigidity both properties that make them difficult-to-machine materials. Cutting parameters must therefore be selected with care; otherwise, damaged parts will ensue. The present study investigates the instantaneous cutting forces at play when trimming CFRP laminates. An experimental setup is proposed for changing the cutting parameters during trimming operations. The instantaneous cutting forces were recorded at high sampling frequencies, and then analysed and modelled. From the investigation, it was found that for the machined laminates, the fibre orientation does not significantly influence the profile of the tangential and radial forces; however, it influences their amplitude. To confirm that, machining tests were performed on aluminium alloy sheets. These tests allowed a comparison of the behaviour of an isotropic material with that of an orthotropic material. The comparison allowed the localisation of non-linearity sources. Employing these observations, it was demonstrated that the average thrust and feed forces vary non-linearly with the feed. Thus, a third-degree polynomial model was introduced to describe this variation. This mathematical description allowed a high-order mechanistic model to be built, simulating the instantaneous cutting forces for different feeds, speeds and fibre orientations.


Thermal properties of liquids, especially thermal conductivity, are important issues in the designing, developing and application of products. In this paper, the method of thermal conductivity determination is based on heat transfer process analysis during transient phenomena caused by an energy pulse, with application of parameter value estimation of process model. Essentially, influence of energy pulse on the liquid condition in the measuring cell is negligible.


Abstract Environmental flows represent the quality, quantity and timing of water flows required to sustain the benefits provided to human, plant and animal communities by a healthy freshwater ecosystem. The precise characteristics of environmental flows can be difficult to define, however, and the precise impact of changes in these flows on the ecosystem service value (ESV) is likewise difficult to quantify. Using China's Baiyangdian Lake as a case study, I evaluated the ecosystem services provided by the lake from 1980 to 2005. The results showed that ESV was influenced by changes in the lake's environmental flows from its tributaries and revealed the potential relationship between ESV and water elevation. The ESV depended significantly on water elevation; thus, water elevation can be used as a proxy for changes in ESV and can provide guidance for effective environmental management. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the total ESV estimate for the study area was relatively inelastic based on changes in the coefficient of sensitivity (CS), and that the estimation was therefore robust. These results demonstrate that the relationship between ESV and water elevation is sufficiently strong and robust to help managers allocate water to balance the lake's environmental flows and ESV.


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Background

It has been a risk of the internal migrants' (IMs') health that their utilization of National Essential Public Health Services (NEPHS) was inadequate. Studies have analyzed the impact of migration range (MR) or regional economic development level (REDL) on the IMs' utilization of NEPHS, but no studies have explored the interaction of MR and REDL on it.
Methods

Data from the China Migrant Dynamic Survey of 2017, involving 122656 IMs. Per capita GDP was set as the indicator for REDL, and all provinces were divided into three groups according to REDL: affluent, medium and poor. The MR was divided into inter-province and intra-province, and social capital (SC) was distinguished into cognitive (CSC) and structural social capital (SSC). Awareness of NEPHS (ANEPHS) and establishment of health record (EHR) were selected as indexes of NEPHS utilization. Then we used multiple line charts and hierarchical logistic regression to investigate the interaction of MR, REDL and SC on NEPHS utilization.
Results

(1) The socioeconomic status (SES) and social capital (SC) of the inter-provincial IMs were significantly lower than those of the intra-provincial IMs, and the gap was most prominent in the affluent areas. (2) From low to high, the NEPHS utilization of inter-provincial IMs was ranked as affluent, medium and poor, while the corresponding order of intra-provincial IMs was medium, poor and affluent areas. (3) SC could significantly promote the IMs' utilization of NEPHS, but there was a gap between the inter-provincial and intra-provincial IMs, and the gap was the largest in the affluent areas.
Conclution:

The IMs' SES, SC and NEPHS utilization were influenced by MR and REDL. The gaps of SES, SC and NEPHS utilization between the inter-provincial and the intra-provincial IMs in affluent areas were much larger than that in medium and poor areas. The government should pay more attention to the inter-provincial IMs in affluent areas.


What if a vapor-cloud explosion occurred in a congested process unit during a peak activity time in your plant? Could affected control rooms, plant buildings and other process structures withstand the pressure shock waves from the blast? More importantly would the structures provide sanctuary for employees and critical process control systems needed for an orderly safe shutdown? Using the authors` guidelines structural engineers can reevaluate the blast performance of process building to answer these questions. Processing hydrocarbons is a risky business. Thus hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) facilities are always at risk due to accidental release of process reactants and products. Heightened concerns from industry, plant management and regulatory agencies have initiated investigative studies on existing building performance during the worst-case scenario vapor-cloud explosion.


i DEDICATION ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS vi LIST OF TABLES xi LIST OF FIGURES xii CHAPTER ONE. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 2 1.1 GENESIS OF THE RESEARCH 4


The Semantic Web has the ultimate goal of
making a machine understand Internet data. To enable the encoding of semantics
with the data, well-known technologies are used such as RDF (Resource
Description Framework) and OWL (Web Ontology Language). These technologies
formally represent the meaning involved in information. For example, ontology
can describe concepts, relationships between things, and categories of things.
These embedded semantics offer significant advantages such as reasoning over
data and dealing with heterogeneous data sources.


Microbial disinfection associated with medical device surfaces has been an increasing need and surface modification strategies such as antibacterial coatings have gained great interest. Here, we report the development of Polydopamine-Ferrocene (PDA-Fc) functionalized TiO2 nanorods (Ti-Nd-PDA-Fc) as a context-dependent antibacterial system on implant to combat bacterial infection and hinder biofilm formation. In this work, two synergistic antimicrobial mechanisms of the PDA-Fc coating are proposed. First, the PDA-Fc coating is redox-active and can be locally activated to release antibacterial reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially •OH in response to the acidic microenvironment induced by bacteria colonization and host immune responses. The results demonstrate that redox-based antimicrobial activity of Ti-Nd-PDA-Fc offers antibacterial efficacy of over 95% and 92% against MRSA and E. coli, respectively. Second, the photothermal effect of PDA can enhance the antibacterial capability upon NIR irradiation, with over 99% killing efficacy against MRSA and E. coli, and even suppress the formation of biofilm through both localized hyperthermia and enhanced •OH generation. Additionally, Ti-Nd-PDA-Fc is biocompatible when tested with model pre-osteoblast MC-3T3 E1 cells and promotes cell adhesion and spreading presumably due to its nano-topographical features. The MRSA infected wound model also indicates that Ti-Nd-PDA-Fc with NIR irradiation can effectively eliminate bacterial infection and suppress host inflammatory responses. We believe this study demonstrates a simple means to create biocompatible redox-active coatings that confer context-dependent antibacterial activities to implant surfaces.


For circuit simulation and device optimisation it is necessary to have one consistent model which describes not only the DC-behaviour of the device correcty but also the the small-signal and noise behaviour. This work presents a rigorous modell-description of an InP based heterojunction bipolartransitor taking into account material specific effects for all bias conditions.


The paper considers the problem of circuit design of analog technical devices and systems taking into account random processes of changing their parameters and requirements of reliability. The difficulties that arise when using a functional-parametric approach with a problem area in the form of optimal parametric synthesis
in conditions of a shortage of initial information are analyzed. The possibility
of reducing the computational complexity through the use of preliminary analysis of the source data, parallel and distributed computing technology is evaluated.
The evolutionary synthesis algorithm under the existing conditions is described, some ways to overcome the difficulties that arise at the optimization stage are proposed.
The possibility of using evolutionary computations with the probabilistic nature of
the optimality criterion, the nonlinearity of the objective function and the restrictions
on it is estimated.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gender and foot position on the acceleration patterns of the knee and hip joints during deep squat. Twenty-two male and 10 female collegiate students participated in this study. All the participants performed a deep squat two times in neutral foot position (NFP), with the foot rotated externally by 15° (ERFP). A wireless triaxial accelerometer was attached on the right-side knee and hip joints of each participant. Acceleration data generated in the anterior-posterior (AP), medio-lateral (ML), and superior-inferior (SI) directions during deep squat were collected at 2000 Hz. Mixed analysis of variance (p < 0.05) was used to identify the interaction and main effects of gender and foot positions. The acceleration patterns of the knee joint during deep squat according to gender indicated differences between the AP and ML directions. The acceleration motion of the hip joint under the ERFP condition indicated a difference in the SI direction.


A laser excited Fabry-Perot interferometer for measuring electron densities (Nel>5*1015 cm-2) is described; Ne is recorded directly as a function of time. The plasma is produced in a z-pinch discharge (helium gas) and is located in the space (length l) between two tubes which define the resonator axis. The dependence of Ne on l shows the tubes do not contaminate the plasma, and measurements at two wavelengths confirm that the plasma refractivity is produced by free electrons. The resolving time for the density records is of the order of 50 ns.


John Beecher is a poet who, with his wife Barbara, runs the Rampart Press in Phoenix, Arizona, where they hand-set and print beautiful books.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


In a previous article I 1 briefly outlined the evolution of anesthesia for dental purposes, gave the technic for synergistic anesthesia as developed in the course of extensive clinical experience and laboratory investigation, and made a comparison of 55,000 straight nitrous oxid-oxygen anesthesias with 5,000 synergistic anesthesias. In an experience with 14,300 anesthesias in which synergistic methods were employed, cyanosis, jactitation, holding straps, and all elements of uncertainty were definitely eliminated, and the physical and nervous strain to which the operator employing the older methods was subjected was entirely obviated. Larger amounts of oxygen could be used, and the margin of safety was greatly increased. Despite these satisfactory results and the apparent perfection of our anesthetic technic, the introduction of ethylene, in 1923, with the favorable reports of the laboratory and clinical findings, warranted us in trying out a number of cases with this agent for purposes of comparison with


Power balance is the key to the security of power system operation. It is a great challenge for the high proportion of renewable energy power systems in the future. The increasing capacity ratio of photovoltaic power station construction and the change of photovoltaic station output power leads to the problems of obstructed renewable energy consumption and increased risk of power balance. In this paper, the capacity ratio of photovoltaic development in the future is considered. Then, the probability of satisfying the simultaneity rate constraint is analyzed and solved based on the historical operation data. The warning index of the transmission line transmission power between the regional power grids is proposed. The early warning of the regional power grid structure and power balance caused by future load or renewable energy development is given. The capacity ratio of photovoltaic development is analyzed based on the simultaneity rate deviation index. Finally, a provincial regional power grid is used to verify the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed method, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of power balance analysis when the installed photovoltaic capacity of the regional power grid increases.


Efficacy is a fundamental issue of international law.Although it is not sufficient condition of building validity of international law,it is a sine qua non for proving its existence.Nowadays,the development of various states′ new energy strategy no doubt could prove the efficacy of international law from empirical perspective.The new energy strategy is not only a consideration for international climate system and international legislation,but also a strategy choice for the states to rebuild the international legal order.


Editorial Undergraduate medical education-future directions The responsibility to educate doctors was one of the earliest traditions of medicine. For instance the first section ofthe Hippocratic oath provides the first written framework forvaluing education inmedicine and laying upon doctors the duty to pass on their skills and learning.' It is only after this section that the oath turns to the more familiar duty of a doctor to patients. It is interesting therefore that in one of the earliest written codes of practice setting clear standards for those engaged in the profession of Medicine the responsibility for teaching was placed in pole position. Education has therefore been at the heart ofthe ethos ofmedicine since the earliest days of the Western tradition. Since the time of the Hippocratic School medical teaching has developed considerably, yet along distinct lines with a changing emphasis on two particular priorities, the need for a firm grounding in the scientific basis of the field and the practical skills necessary for diagnosis and the management of patients. The importance of the patient in education was summed up by William Osier as follows: "He who studies medicine without books sails an uncharted sea, but he who studies medicine without patients does not go to sea at all." For many years, though, there have been additional mounting tensions generated largely because ofthe increasinglyrapid growth ofmedical knowledge and the need to rationalise how much ofthis plethora of information is transmitted to students. Even before the exponential increase in medical knowledge of the past forty years there were concerns about information overload, described prosaically as the "overburdening of young minds". The traditional approach to undergraduate medical training characterised by the explicit division ofcourses into biomedical science and clinical training also came under scrutiny as ideally these should interweave throughout medical training; it was also felt that that formal instruction in those characteristics of a doctor that should provide the basis for ideal patient care, such as skills in communication, should form an early part of the medical curriculum. In the UK this culminated in the publication ofa new vision of the aims, objectives and methods of undergraduate training by the General Medical Council (GMC), Tomorrows doctors in 1993 and subsequently modified in 2003.2 This laid down a clear statement of the expectations of the newly qualified medical graduate with a strong emphasis onpatient-centered education and people skills, vertical integration of learning. It also …


2 Abstract: Mobile Ad-Hoc Network is a collection of mobile nodes equipped with transferable radios, but it is built without any centralized infrastructure such as base station. In MANET broadcasting is a predictable operation for discovering route. Despite the fact, that the flooding for broadcasting is simple, this is inefficient and result in redundant message relays. The high retransmission is caused by normal flooding scheme which leads to media congestion and packet collisions that can degrade the throughput and network performance significantly. In this paper, we proposed a Probability based Optimized Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad-Hoc Network in which the route request packets are randomly controlled to increase the lifetime of network and to reduce the packet loss in the flooding algorithm. The proposed algorithm can effectively reduces the propagating messages of Route Request (RREQ). Comparing with the typical AODV protocol, the proposed algorithm is proven to be efficient with longer network lifetime and evenly consumes the node residual energy which improves the network throughput and reduces the routing overhead.


The present study was undertaken in eight selected districts of Rajasthan based on the highest area and production. A total sample size of 600 onion growers was taken from selected eight major onion growing districts of state. Agro-climatic condition of the Rajasthan is the most suitable for onion. In the total area and production in the country, Rajasthan stands 6th position in area and production in India and contributes about 4.79% share in area and 5.06% share in production. The study revealed that Physical characters and pungency are the most important characters considered by farmers while selecting varieties as it affects its marketability. The study found that the farmers practicing grading before marketing of the onion accounted 60.0 (Chittor) to 78.67 per cent (Alwar). The price realized for the graded onion was 20 to 30 per cent higher than the price of ungraded onion. The marketable surplus of onion among the sample farmers worked out in the range of 85 to 87 per cent of the total production. Wide variation in onion storage was observed among districts as 26.67 (Chittor) to 69.33 (Jodhpur) per cent of the total farmers. Majority of onion farmers disposed their produce through commission agents in mandi.


Thermal treatments a key process for IC technologies face large difficulties in case of germanium due to the poor chemical stability of germanium oxides i. e. GeO and Ge02. Laser processing allows for a drastically reduction of the interaction time highly suitable for Ge processing. We report two applications: i) the laser synthesis of thin and stable germanium oxynitrides films and ii) the laser doping of germanium with boron to the view of obtaining very shallow junctions.


ABSTRACT Image Romanticism and Yakuza Cinema aims to do two things. One is to give a clear and readable introduction to ninkyō yakuza films as a genre, rerouting some of the more standard culturalist interpretations by focusing instead on questions of industry, medium, and image. The second is to situate that genre within a theoretical, historical, and political field I term 'image romanticism.' In particular, I draw attention to three elements that tie these two different orientations together: reciprocity of the face and gaze; ironic iconoclasm; and the abyss beyond words at the heart of cinematic experience. These foci help highlight concerns around genre, violence, beauty, sexuality, cinephilia, anti-modernism, and imperial history. The desire to liberate images from all external structuring forces at work – especially linguistic and discursive attempts to ground the images in something besides their own force – is at the heart of these films. In this, yakuza films become a site where the image of the outlaw becomes the image as the outlaw. The films thus function as crucial place for renegotiating relationships to technical images when the ground of cinema was shifting and increasingly uncertain.


Caching at wireless access points is a promising approach to alleviate the backhaul burden in wireless networks. In this paper, we consider a cooperative wireless caching network where all the base stations (BSs) are connected to a central controller via backhaul links. In such a network, users can get the required data locally if they are cached at the BSs. Otherwise, the user data need to be assigned from the central controller to BSs via backhaul. In order to reduce the network cost, i.e., the back-haul cost and the transmit power cost, the data assignment for different BSs and the coordinated beamforming to serve different users need to be jointly designed. We formulate such a design problem as the minimization of the network cost, subject to the quality of service (QoS) constraint of each user and the transmit power constraint of each BS. This problem involves mixed-integer programming and is highly complicated. In order to provide an efficient solution, the connection between the data assignment and the sparsity-introducing norm is established. Low-complexity algorithms are then proposed to solve the joint optimization problem, which essentially decouple the data assignment and the transmit power minimization beamforming. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can effectively minimize the network cost and provide near optimal performance.


HBsAg and Anti-HBs positivity was determined in hospital personnel and volunteer blood donors (controls) by using Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) method. The combined prevalence of antigen-antibody positivity among hospital personnel was 40.52% (HBsAg 5.57%, Anti-HBs 34.94%) while it was present 37% (HBsAg 6% Anti-HBs 31%) in controls. The frequency of the antigen and antibody in hospital personnel and controls did not differ significantly.


Some two or three decades ago, the problem of school failure with its resulting dropout was perhaps of less immediate concern since most unskilled workmen easily found work to suit their lack of skills. Now, there is little place in society for the unskilled or untrained and they are increasingly replaced by machine and computers, which are operated by highly skilled coordinated individuals. Failure due to learning disabilities has thus become an even more urgent problem, the solution of which assumes even greater importance, as school failure becomes responsible for a phenomenal waste in both human and tax resources.


Design of Web server on home gateway based on embedded Linux system was introduced combined with embedded Web Server BOA,including the BOA's transplant,CGI program design as well as the transplant of SQlite database,etc.Finally,the relevant test result was given.The result showed that the design could achieve the basic functions of home gateway,and more complex functions could be achieved based on it.


Various forms for the representation of equations of state for high pressure phases are discussed and it is shown that the special form AP1 related to an interpolation between low and high pressure behaviour appears to be most suitable for the representation of "regular" equations of state.


Chicken is a valuable model for understanding fundamental biology, vertebrate evolution and diseases, as well as a major source of nutrient-dense and lean-protein-enriched food globally. Although it is the first non-mammalian amniote genome to be sequenced, the chicken genome still lacks a systematic characterization of functional impacts of genetic variants. Here, through integrating 7,015 RNA-Seq and 2,869 whole-genome sequence data, the Chicken Genotype- Tissue Expression (ChickenGTEx) project presents the pilot reference of regulatory variants in 28 chicken tissue transcriptomes, including millions of regulatory effects on primary expression (including protein-coding genes, lncRNA and exon) and post-transcriptional modifications (alternative splicing and 3' untranslated region alternative polyadenylation). We explored the tissue-sharing and context-specificity of these regulatory variants, their underlying molecular mechanisms of action, and their utility in interpreting adaptation and genome-wide associations of 108 chicken complex traits. Finally, we illustrated shared and lineage-specific features of gene regulation between chickens and mammals, and demonstrated how the ChickenGTEx resource can further assist with translating genetic findings across species. One-Sentence Summary The ChickenGTEx provides a multi-tissue reference of regulatory variants for chicken genetics and genomics, functional genomics, precision breeding, veterinary medicine, vertebrate evolution and even human biomedicine.


This study aims to identify the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth to assess the influence on climate change. Design: The algorithm was chosen for research provision: statistical and comparative analysis, correlation, and regression analysis. The data for 1999-2020 was obtained from the World Bank and the Bureau of National Statistics. Results: After looking at the conditions and factors that affect Kazakhstan's energy system, we believe it is essential to study how different factors affect economic growth, with a focus on environmental change. The results of modeling with regression models back this up. The model demonstrated that energy consumption has the most significant influence on CO2 emissions; however, in the GDP model, all factors, such as urbanization, energy consumption, and energy pricing, had an equal impact. Research limitations: Although testing suggests the significance of the acquired results, it is envisioned that the research will be expanded to include other factors, particularly those connected to technological progress and country analysis. Conclusions: After looking at the conditions and factors that affect Kazakhstan's energy system, we believe it is essential to study how different country-by-country factors affect economic growth, with a focus on environmental change. The study's findings may be utilized to gain a more profound knowledge of the situation and to produce actionable suggestions for formulating public policy.


The concept of new course reformation is rooted by the students' study and development, with an eye to facilitating to improve the students' comprehensive making.Classroom teaching is mainly to help solve the students' questions. The course teaching requires more inquiring and discovering teaching methods in order to be more integrated and scientific.


Lung cancer has been one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. To predict survival outcomes of lung cancer patients, many prognosis gene sets were identified by using gene expression microarrays. However, these gene sets were often inconsistent across independent cohorts. To identify genes with more consistency, we combined gene expression and copy number variations (CNVs). Affymetrix SNP 6.0 and u133plus2.0 microarrays were performed on 42 pairs of lung adenocarcinoma patients. The copy number varied regions (CNVR) existed in more than 30% samples were identified and 475 differentially expressed genes with concordant changes were selected for pathway analysis. Thirteen pathways were significantly enriched among the 475 CNV-associated genes, and survival analyses showed these pathways had generally consistent and significant prediction probabilities across three independent microarray studies. Therefore, integration between gene expression and copy number may help to lower false discovery rate and identify genes used to predict survival outcomes.


The elliptic simultaneous equations   xαaαβ(x,u,u)  u i  xβ=fi(x,u,u) i=1,2,…,N is considered in special conditions. A type of Liouville theorems is proved for so lutions of a special elliptic system in diagonal form under suitable conditions.


Clotting properties of human blood are important clinical information to monitor for patients with platelet and coagulation disorders. Most devices used to diagnose these disorders utilize blood plasma together with tissue factors and Ca++ additives. In some instruments, magnetic particles were mixed with blood samples and a rotating magnetic field was applied, resulting in the rotation of magnetic particles, which was probed by impinging light. The working principle seems obvious yet had not been investigated in depth. We modeled the collective behavior of light propagating through magnetic needles, aligned in the direction of the rotating external magnetic field, with scattering light analysis software. Simulation results indicated that the scattering pattern undergoes periodic undulations with respect to the slant angle of the magnetic needles. Also provided is a means of extracting meaningful information from the scattering measurement.


For its low temperature, oxygen-free, non-polluting, Supercritical CO2 extraction technology has attracted widely attention. It has its unique advantages to apply the supercritical CO2 extraction technology to the processing of propolis extraction. The paper summarized the application progress of supercritical CO2 extraction in the process of propolis extract, and also take a prospection of the supercritical fluid extraction technology.


Objective: To find out the prevalence and pattern of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in children with Down syndrome (DS). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Rai Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sargodha, Pakistan. Period: January 2021 to December 2022. Material & Methods: A total of 165 children of either gender, aged 1 month to 12 years with DS diagnosed with the help of typical clinical features and confirmation by cytogenetic studies were analyzed. Children diagnosed with DS were further evaluated for cardiac assessment as per 2-D echocardiographic and Doppler examinations. The prevalence of CHDs was noted among children with DS. Results: In a total of 165 children with DS, 86 (52.1%) were male. The mean age was noted to be 1.8±1.2 years while 106 (64.2%) children were aged below 1 year. The existence of CHDs was found to be in 56 (33.9%). Among 56 children with CHDs, ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD) and tetralogy of fallot (TOF) were the commonest forms of CHDs noted in 16 (28.6%), 12 (21.4%) and 9 (16.1%) children respectively. Conclusion: High prevalence of CHDs in children with Down syndrome was noted. The VSD and ASD were the most common forms of CHDs among children with Down syndrome.


Introduction: The proven radio sensitivity and the position of the thyroid gland make it a significant organ during the dental radiography exposure. Objectives: This study compared the surface radiation dose to the thyroid gland region during two different techniques of two dimensional (2D) conventional orthopantomography (OPG) and three dimensional (3D) OPG reconstructed from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: The entrance surface dose to the thyroid region of the patients was evaluated using a personal dosimeter in a sample of 156 patients who prescribed for an OPG examination. Results: The obtained mean dose values for conventional OPG and reconstructed OPG from CBCT are 7.47 μSv and 28.65 μSv, respectively. Further a significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between those two doses. Conclusions: A significant amount of dose reduction to the thyroid gland region can be obtained when using conventional OPG compared to the CBCT.


The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is modernizing the United States Notices to Airmen (NOTAM) System by transitioning from an analog system to a digital system for originating and tracking NOTAMs. This shift will enable the FAA to organize the different elements of aeronautical information into separate data fields. The resulting data will be machine readable, which will support users' ability to sort, filter, and manage the volume of electronic NOTAM information. The new system comprises a suite of digital software products designed by the FAA. As part of the suite, the FAA developed a web-based software application called Digital NOTAM Manager (NOTAM Manager), which airport and FAA Technical Operations personnel use to create digital NOTAMs. This demonstration will present the capabilities of NOTAM Manager and discuss the human factors benefits and challenges of NOTAM Manager to NOTAM originators and end users.


The ultimate goal of this research is to develop rules, algorithms, display software, and training materials that can be used by the operational forecasters who issue weather advisories for daily ground operations and launches by NASA and the United States Air Force to improve real-time forecasts of lightning. Doppler radar, Lightning Detection and Ranging (LDAR), Lightning Location and Protection (LLP), field mill (Launch Pad Lightning Warning System -- LPLWS), wind tower (surface mesonet) and additional data sets have been utilized in 10 case studies of thunderstorms in the vicinity of KSC during the summers of 1994 and 1995. These case studies reveal many intriguing aspects of cloud-to-ground, cloud-to-cloud, in-cloud, and cloud-to-air lightning discharges in relation to radar thunderstorm structure and evolution. They also enable the formulation of some preliminary working rules of potential use in the forecasting of initial and final ground strike threat. In addition, LDAR and LLP data sets from 1993 have been used to quantify the lightning threat relative to the center and edges of LDAR discharge patterns. Software has been written to overlay and display the various data sets as color imagery. However, human intervention is required to configure the data sets for proper intercomparison. Future efforts will involve additional software development to automate the data set intercomparisons, to display multiple overlay combinations in a windows format, and to allow for animation of the imagery. The software package will then be used as a tool to examine more fully the current cases and to explore additional cases in a timely manner. This will enable the formulation of more general and reliable forecasting guidelines and rules.


31/03/2020 Fusarium solani is more common causes of Fusarium dry rot in Iran and the world. Biological control can be an effective management strategy for disease control. The antagonistic potential of four Talaromyces flavus isolates (60, 75, 134 and 136) including mycoparasitism, volatile and non-volatile metabolites productions were investigated in vitro against F. solani. All isolates inhibited the growth of pathogen and T. flavus 136 showed maximum growth inhibition (71.76%). The volatile compounds produced form all isolates showed inhibition of pathogen and T. flavus 136 revealed highest inhibition of pathogen (60.95%). The non-volatile compounds produced form T. flavus 136 showed the highest inhibition of pathogen at concentrations of 5% and 10% with 9.84% and 14.81%, respectively. Finally, volatile compounds gives the most acceptable and significant results as compared to the non-volatile