T O WARD the end of Mr. Lowell's life an intimate friend said of him that " he had never known in his own person hesitation, misgiving, self-distrust, regret, compunction or self-reproach," to which his biographer demurs only to the word "regret."' However accurate or just this characterization may be, it certainly gives a correct impression of the type of man to whom it was applied. Vigorous, courageous, able, Mr. Lowell went his way fearless and self-assured. Mr. Yeomans' book presents him in many situations displaying exactly these qualities. Some readers seem to think that the volume is a history of Mr. Lowell's administration as president of Harvard rather than a true biography of the man himself. A history it certainly is, but Harvard was so essentially a part of Mr. Lowell's life that I do not think the implied criticism of the text is particularly significant. Judging from my own contact with him, I should want to add the characterization "conscientious" to those implied by this friend just quoted. Inheriting very large wealth, Mr. Lowell never was exposed to some of the grave problems which breed anxiety and unassertive traits in many men of characters essentially like his own. Although he lived unostentatiously as judged by the standards of the social group into which he was born, his money gave him a freedom of action which few academic men have ever enjoyed. I know of no president of an American institution of higher learning who has possessed so large a foi tune. In recent times one or two have had large means, or married wealthy women, but none approached Mr. Lowell in the size of the fortune they owned. 'Yeomans, Henry Aaron. A!bbott Lawrence Lowell: 1856-1943. (Based on Mr. Lowell's papers and the Harvard archives.) Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1948. p. 54I.


Objective:To further explore the relationship between Type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reaction and the mechanism of the viral hepatitis B through the research of soluble intercellular adhesion molecular-1(sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecular-1(sVCAM-1) levels in serum in patients with viral hepatitis B related to Type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reaction and the damage of liver cells, and therefore, provide new theory for the perfection of the immunological mechanism of hepatitis B, especially acute hepatitis B.Methods:Serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels were measured in 45 patients with viral hepatitis B and 15 normal cases using double antibody sandwich ELISA method. ALT and AST levels were studied using omni automatic biochemistry analyzer and its correlation with sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were observed.Results:The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 7 acute hepatitis B were significantly higher than that of the normal cases. ②The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 38 chronic hepatitis B were also significantly higher than that of the normal cases. ③The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 13 cases moderate chronic hepatitis B were significantly higher than that of 16 cases mild chronic hepatitis B. ④The sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels of 9 serious chronic hepatitis B were significantly higher than that of the group of mild chronic hepatitis B. ⑤Levels of sICAM-1 were significantly positively correlated with serum ALT and AST. ⑥sVACM-1 levels were significantly positively correlated with serum ALT and AST. In conclusion, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels in patients with acute hepatitis B were most remarkably increased, and then serious chronic hepatitis B, moderate chronic hepatitis B, light chronic hepatitis B in sequence.Conclusion:Serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels in patients with viral hepatitis B may reflect the damage of liver. ②Examination of serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels in patients with hepatitis B can be used to judge the patient's condition and to diagnose. ③As an important indication of the inflammatory in Type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reaction, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 may interfere the appearence of hepatitis B and the procedure of immunological damage of liver cells.


Arrhythmias during sleep are often detected on routine cardiac monitoring. Specialist cardiology opinion and input is often sought in order to assess whether nocturnal arrhythmias are clinically relevant or not. For the most part, bradyarrhythmias in the young fit individual are a variation of normal and require no further investigations. However even in normal sleep there are cardiovascular diseases that predispose patients to malignant arrhythmias, including heart failure, coronary heart disease and certain cardiac channelopathies. Primary sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnoea and alterations in sleep patterns during shift work have also been shown to have a proarrhythmogenic effect. This review aims to provide the reader with a broad overview of which arrhythmias are simply a reflection of normal changes in cardiac physiology during sleep, and which abnormal potentially dangerous arrhythmias require referral and treatment.


Much interest has been expressed in the construct metacognition, the individual's knowledge and control of his own cognitive processes. Recent educational proposals have suggested the training of general metacognitive principles in schools. The exact nature of the construct has, however, remained vague. The aim of the present study was to provide some clarity. In a study of the metacognitive responses of 144 primary school children (aged 7‐11 years) four measures commonly used to assess metacognitive function were examined. First, the content of each measure was examined. Secondly, in an attempt to identify a metacognitive factor, commonality among the measures, both of developmental patterns and statistical relationship, was sought. Whilst a common pattern of development in the children's responses to the four measures was identified, factor analysis failed to provide evidence for a common metacognitive factor and unified construct.


It is known that austenite strength determines the morphology of the new phase during martensitic transformation. As the strength of austenite influences the growth of a martensite crystal, i.e. the movement of the austenite/martensite interface, a correlation between strength of the parent phase and M s has to exist. M s depends on thermodynamical and mechanical properties of the alloys. To distinguish the individual variables, austenite strength was changed by different hardening mechanisms: solid solution hardening, plastic deformation or both


This guide is designed for students doing research in Nursing and Allied Health fields. Nursing and Allied Health-specific databases, as well as RSS feeds from American Journal of Nursing and Empower Magazine


Practitioners can use the natural environment to encourage young children to engage in meaningful investigations based upon their own unique interests, experiences and understanding of planet Earth.


【This study was designed to find the characteristics and patterns in subjectivity of the perspectives on the coping strategies about practical stress in nursing student. Q-methodology was used as a research design and the research procedures were as follows. Q-sampling has been derived from the literature review and a questionnaire. Its credibility and validity were also tested by nursing professors. Total of 34 statements were selected. P-sampling has been drawn and 51 samples were selected. Based on 9 point scale, the selected respondents rated their operant definition on the perspectives on the coping strategies about practical stress in nursing student. The results of above procedures were analyzed by PCQ program. The perspectives on the coping strategies about practical stress in nursing student were analyzed based on the typical array, extreme comments, and the demographic information of study subjects. The results revealed that there were three types of the perspectives on the coping strategies about practical stress in nursing student. The three types were named as follows; 1) The first type, agree of positive change by oneself perspectives, was consisted of 18 subjects. They thought that they did their best positive change for the most effective coping strategies about practical stress. 2) The second type, agree of social support perspectives, was consisted of 13 subjects. They thought that they asked for an other person's help for the most effective coping strategies about practical stress. 3) The third type, agree of looking on avoidance perspectives, was consisted of 5 subjects. They thought that they looked on or avoided problems for the most effective coping strategies about practical stress. As a result, this study discovered three types of the degree of the perspectives on the coping strategies about practical stress in nursing student. By identifying the nature of each of three types, this study can be useful to develop efficient coping strategies about practical stress in nursing student.】


Three main outputs of the study describe social media governance within ABS-CBN Publishing, Inc. (API). First is that the company's ten selected active magazines, as presented by a survey of 18 social media managers, collectively present a weak regulatory framework, a medium level of expertise, the occasional presence of a social media strategy, and a medium level of activity using the four indices of social media governance and other pertinent variables as adapted from the Social Media Governance DELPHI study of Fink, Linke, and Zerfass (2012). Significant correlations include Online Audience (tally of Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter followers) with Regulatory Framework; with Strategy; with Social Media Experience, and Regulatory Framework with Social Media Experience. Regression analysis (Online Audience or the tally of followers being the dependent variable) indicated Regulatory Framework as a significant predictor of the variance of Online Audience. Interviews with key personnel handling social media for the entire media company suggest that due to the nature of ABS-CBN as a media company with focus on cable channels, news, and film, the focus and investment for social media tends to stay with the accounts of these particular lines of businesses instead of Publishing. A content analysis of the top two API Facebook pages along with their theme counterparts from their main competitor aided the creation of dimension maps that revealed API's content was focused on the promotion of partners (within ABS-CBN and externally) and content sharing which was personal in nature, respectively. Competitor accounts, on the other hand, were consistent in pulling in visitors from social media to their magazines' websites through diverse and audience-centric content.


Abstract We present our findings on the regio- and stereo chemical outcome of the cycloadditions of sterically crowded diphenylacetonitrile oxide towards mono and disubstituted electron deficient and electron rich olefins. The resultant Δ2-isoxazolines are further transformed to their corresponding β-hydroxy carbonyl compounds employing Curran's protocol.


The main mission of the central bank is to implement the monetary policy by empowered from the central bank law to maintain the price and the value of currency in the stability level. However, in addition to the central bank implements the policy in the right time or not, which monetary instruments were used by the central bank and others, the level of the central bank accountability and whether the market participators really trust what the central bank say and then make their economic behaviors match up the policy will have the heavily influences on the effectiveness and expected functions of the monetary policy. Therefore, if the central bank wants to control the long-term interest rates effectively by their monetary policy via the policy transmission channels, central bank needs to improve their policy transparency and accountability, and then market participators could get more information about the monetary policy, central bank's .policy targets and its intentions in the future. This improvement will then improve the effectiveness of monetary policy. However, there are no domestic academic literatures to study these issues about Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan), there are also few studies with the same about the countries nearby Taiwan. Thus, in this paper, we want to take the popular central bank accountability and transparency indices respectively, that are De Haan et. al (1999) index, Siklos (2002) index and Siklos (2002) index, Eijffinger and Geratts (2006) index, to measure the performance of accountability and transparency in the seven countries, including China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Russia, Australia and New Zealand. Finally, we might get more ideas from this study to be the references for the Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) when they revise the Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Act in the future.


The proportional fair resource allocation problem is a major problem studied in flow control of networks, operations research, and economic theory, where it has found numerous applications. This problem, defined as the constrained maximization of $\sum_i \log x_i$, is known as the packing proportional fairness problem when the feasible set is defined by positive linear constraints and $x \in \mathbb{R}^{n}_{\geq 0}$. In this work, we present a distributed accelerated first-order method for this problem which improves upon previous approaches. We also design an algorithm for the optimization of its dual problem. Both algorithms are width-independent. Finally, we show the latter problem has applications to the volume reduction of bounding simplices in an old linear programming algorithm of (YL82), and we obtain some improvements as a result.


Many Takagi-Sugeno (TS) synthesis and analysis conditions can be expressed as positive/negative definiteness conditions of fuzzy summations. In this regard, several sufficient conditions have been proposed in the literature that are asymptotically exact (i.e. necessary and sufficient as their number tends to infinity). However, since these conditions do not take the membership function shapes into account (aside from the fact that they add up to one and are greater than zero), the exactness of these conditions is only true when the membership functions can assume any possible combination of values inside the standard simplex. By making use of the membership functions shapes, in this paper we propose a triangulation (or simplicial partition) based approach that generates asymptotically exact conditions for fuzzy summations with a possibly smaller growing rate of added simplices per iteration than that observed in recently published algorithms. The set of conditions are Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs), for which efficient numerical routines are available.


The contemporary cultural landscape is an amalgam of crosscultural influences, blended, patch-worked, and layered upon one another. Unbound and fluid, culture is hybrid and interstitial, moving between spaces of meaning. The notion of cultural hybridity has existed far before it was popularized in postcolonial theory as culture arising out of interactions between "colonizers" and "the colonized". However, in this time after imperialism, globalization has both expanded the reach of Western culture, as well as allowed a process by which the West constantly interacts with the East, appropriating cultures for its own means and continually shifting its own signifiers of dominant culture. This hybridity is woven into every corner of society, from trendy fusion cuisine to Caribbean rhythms in pop music to the hyphenated identities that signify ethnic Americans, illuminating the lived experience of ties to a dominant culture blending with the cultural codes of a Third World culture. Considerations of hybridity run the gamut from existential to material, political to economic, yet this discussion will not be able to tease out the extensive implications of each consideration. Rather, this discussion aims to explore the notion of hybridity theoretically, synthesizing the vast body of literature to critique essentialist notions of identity as fixed and constant. I will offer three ways in which hybridity might serve as a tool for deconstructing the rigid labels that maintain social inequities through exclusion in race, language, and nation. By exploring how the hybrid rejects claims of boundedness within race, language, and nation, I suggest that cultural studies like these are imperative in considering the politics of representation. For the purposes of this discussion, I will use a definition of hybridity referring to the integration of cultural bodies, signs, and practices from the colonizing and the colonized cultures. Framing Hybridity Among postcolonial theorists, there is a wide consensus that hybridity arose out of the culturally internalized interactions between "colonizers" and "the colonized" and the dichotomous formation of these identities. Considered by some the father of hybrid theory, Homi Bhabha argued that colonizers and the colonized are mutually dependent in constructing a shared culture. His text The Location of


A toy robot utilizing a personal media website is provided to express various emotional expressions of a user with video, audio, and 3D(Dimensional) motion by converting information such as a message or an emotion transferred through the personal media webpage into a preset command and/or audio signal. Each toy robot(1220,1260) is connected to a personal media website server(1230) through the wired/wireless network, includes a controller(1221) performing general control and a network communicator(1222) communicating with the personal media website server, and outputs the motion or multimedia according to the signal received through the network communicator. The personal media website server includes a communication program(1233), a toy robot authenticator(1231), and a toy robot setting part(1232). The communication program checks whether the received signal is a signal for controlling the toy robot. If the received signal is a toy robot control signal, the communication program converts the received signal into the control signal for the toy robot and outputs the control signal to the toy robot.


Exchanges between the vast NW shelf and the deep basin of the Black Sea play a significant role in maintaining the balance of nutrients, heat content and salinity of the shelf waters. Nearly 87 % of the Black Sea is entirely anoxic below 70 to 200m and contains high levels of hydrogen sulphide (Zaitsev et al, 2001), and this makes the shelf waters particularly valuable for maintaining the Black Sea ecosystem in good health. The increase in salinity of shelf waters occurs partially due to exchanges with more saline open sea waters and represents a threat to relics and endemic species.


The purpose of this study is to test the agenda-setting theory, according to which the media has a significant impact on what people consider to be important events. We compare the results of the Levada Center surveys on the most memorable events of the month with the number of publications on these issues in the press. We focused on the period from January 2014 to December 2016. A total of 884 events were analyzed in the article. The results of the study confirm the impact of discussions in the media on people's attention to the problem. The results also show that the discussions in the media one week before the date of polling are more important than the issues covered over the entire month. People better remember those events which took place shortly before the polling, as well as the events the discussion of which intensified during this period. It is also important to note the role of regional publications in the sensitization of the public to various issues. The issues covered by the national newspapers and news agencies, but ignored by the regional press, are much worse remembered by the population. The results of the study are controlled for background of the discussion: the presence of important events in each relevant month, which monopolized the public attention, is taken into account.


A printed dual‐band dipole filtenna with flexible frequency ratio and improved band‐notched performance is proposed. It consists of a driven dipole and three parasitic elements. For the driven dipole with short and long arms, a radiation null is found between two passbands, which achieves a band‐notched filtering characteristic. Two parasitic elements are introduced to enhance the passband bandwidth and an additional parasitic element is utilized to improve the band‐notched performance. In addition, the characteristics of the proposed design including flexible frequency ratio, independent controllable operating frequency, and controllable band‐notched bandwidth have also been demonstrated. A filtenna prototype is fabricated and tested. Measured results show that a fractional bandwidth of 21.1% and 18.1% is obtained in the lower and upper passbands, respectively. The measured efficiency is 84% in the lower band and 74% in the upper band but the efficiency sharply decreases to about 13% within the notched band.


Abstract Based on the American Industrial Hygiene Association Proficiency Analytical Testing Program, a new quality control (QC) program was developed and applied for industrial hygiene (IH) laboratories in Korea. This study evaluated the performance of Korean IH laboratories in the first two sequential QC rounds and identified factors affecting the analytical performance. In the first round, the percentage of proficient laboratories was extremely low in analyses of both metals and organics. However, the performance of the laboratories improved greatly in the second round of the QC program. Qualification of analysts, including education and experience, qualification of managers, supervision of well-qualified managers, and ongoing training of analysts were important factors affecting the performance of laboratories. Direct factors that affected the performance of the Korean IH laboratories were identified as incorrect standard preparation, improper instrument, improper sample preparation, wrong calculation...


The Studies on the valuation of marine ecosystem services are mainly focused in the fields of the special marine ecosystems.There are both oceanic and terrestrial characters for the island ecosystem whose composition and structure is very complex.The sub-systems of land part and ocean one are often interlaced for several ecosystem services of island,so it is difficult to quantify the contributions of the two sub-systems respectively.Taking the South-five Islands of Miaodao archipelago as study area,the ecosystem services of that was valued.The value of ecosystem services for the South-five Islands of Miaodao archipelago adds up to 3.08×108RMB and the market value accounts for about 50.99% of the whole value which approximates the non-market one.For some non-market services,such as regulation of climate,disposal of waste and so on,only the parts of these services which are recognized and easy to be valued are addressed in this paper.Therefore,the result of this study on the South-five Islands of Miaodao archipelago is just a conservative estimate.


Kerr and Burford [1] draw from their experience and accumulated knowledge, gained by following the course of hundreds of Rett patients over two decades. Certainly then, these authors have an unsurpassed expertise in dealing with Rett patients. Not surprising, Kerr and Burford's article provides a rich body of information about the clinical features of the disease. For example, the authors mention that Rett patients have from birth on subtle signs of motor and cognitive di culties, thus correcting a widespread belief that Rett patients are normal at the time of birth and only develop symptoms after several months of post-natal life. The classic Rett syndrome, when fully developed, includes disturbances of posture, movement, communication and, in 50% of cases, epilepsy. The authors also describe the breathing problems of Rett patients, which appears to be the most serious consequence of autonomic nervous system dysfunction and of a low vagal tone in Rett. Although Rett syndrome is ®rst and foremost a brain disorder, the illness ultimately a€ ects many other organ systems, which often may be a secondary consequence of central nervous dysfunction. Kerr and Burford did not overlook this fact, and emphasize the very high occurrence rate of scoliosis in Rett patients (over 90% in those who survive into adulthood), a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms, premature osteoporosis and other problems. With no speci®c treatment for the disease being yet available, Kerr and Burford' s article provides very useful information about how to `habilitate' Rett patients and how to improve their limited skills. It is important to keep in mind that the developmental course and the severity of symptoms in a child diagnosed with Rett syndrome is very variable. The sicker patients have a poor health score (including severe problems with feeding and posture) and have a reduced life expectancy, while the least a€ ected patients can walk, feed themselves and are overall in relatively good health. Any `habilitation' must, therefore, be adjusted to the individual needs of each patient. Kerr and Burford mention that Rett patients are known to learn and improve their posture and mobility when being in water. They also emphasize the potential bene®ts of music therapy, which may help to reduce the stereotyped movements and helps to improve the overall communication skills of the child. Although the social communication is compromised primarily due to impairment in speech processing and production and due to intellectual compromise, Rett patients can form emotional bonds with friends and family and enjoy it when others pay attention to them. As Kerr and Burford write: `At an empirical level, direct person-to-person contact is a prime motivator for the individual with Rett . . . to neglect this potential for habilitation is a great mistake'. Kerr and Burford then brie ̄y explain the molecular genetics of the syndrome, which only came to light in 1999 when it was discovered that deleterious mutations of the gene encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) are responsible for 80% of cases carrying the diagnosis of Rett disorder. Since then, rapid progress has been made in understanding both the genetics and the molecular biology of the disease. Some of the most recent insights were published after Kerr and Burford's review came to print. For example, it is now believed that deleterious mutations of the MeCP2 gene, which is located on the X-chromosome, a€ ect boys and girls probably at a similar frequency, but are often missed in the males because many of them succumb at birth due to a neonatal encephalopathy. Males are by the same mutation much more a€ ected than females, because males have only one X-chromosome. In the case of a MeCP2 mutation, therefore, 100% of the cells in the male are a€ ected. Females have two Xchromosomes and inactivate one of the two Xs in a random fashion. Therefore, only 50% of all somatic cells express a defective MeCP2 gene while the other


Purpose
Due to the worldwide growth of digital image sharing and the maturity of the tourism industry, the vast and growing collections of digital images have become a challenge for those who use and/or manage these image data across tourism settings. To overcome the image indexing task with less labour cost and improve the image retrieval task with less human errors, the content-based image retrieval (CBIR) technique has been investigated for the tourism domain particularly. This paper aims to review the relevant literature in the field to understand these previous works and identify research gaps for future directions.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic and comprehensive review of CBIR studies in tourism from the year 2010 to 2019, focussing on journal articles and conference proceedings in reputable online databases, is conducted by taking a comparative approach to critically analyse and address the trends of each fundamental element in these research experiments.

Findings
Based on the review of the literature, the trends of CBIR studies in tourism is to improve image representation and retrieval by advancing existing feature extraction techniques, contributing novel techniques in the feature extraction process through fine-tuning fusion features and improving image query of CBIR systems. Co-authorship, tourist attraction sector and fusion image features have been in focus. Nonetheless, the number of studies in other tourism sectors and available image databases could be further explored.

Originality/value
The fact that no existing academic review of CBIR studies in tourism makes this paper a novel contribution.


Summary Feeding tests were conducted in which toxaphene and chlordane as residues on alfalfa hay and in soybean oil solutions were included in the daily ration of milk cows. The toxaphene residues on the baled alfalfa as fed averaged 81.8 and 31.8 p.p.m, for the 1948 and 1949 crops, respectively, which had been sprayed with 1.5 lb. per acre. The chlordane residues on the baled alfalfa averaged 20.4and 20.8 p.p.m, for the 1948 and 1949 crops which had been treated with 1.0 lb. and 2.0 lb. per acre, respectively. The 1948 crop was fed from December 6, 1948, to May 4, 1949; the 1949 crop from September 2 to December 8, 1949.A daily intake of toxaphene for 150 days as a residue on alfalfa hay of 586 to 762 mg. (1.70 to 1.63 mg. per kilogram of body weight) resulted in an apparent toxaphene content in the milk of approximately 0.5 p.p.m. A daily intake for 100 days of 163 to 243 mg. (0.45 to 0.51 mg. per kilogram of body weight) resulted in an apparent toxaphene content of 0.1 p.p.m, in the milk.A daily intake of chlordane for 150 days as a residue on alfalfa hay of 118 to 201 mg. (0.36 to 0.42 mg. per kilogram of body weight) resulted in an apparent chlordane content of 0.1 to 0.2 p.p.m, in the milk. A daily intake for 100 days of 137 to 162 mg. (0.34 to 0.43 mg. per kilogram of body weight) did not result in a measurable amount of chlordane being eliminated in the milk.An intake up to 2,000 mg. daily of toxaphene in oil solution (2.7 to 4.4 mg.per kilogram of body weight) resulted in an apparent toxaphene content of less than 1.0 p.p.m, in the milk. A maximum apparent toxaphene content of 3.4 p.p.m, resulted from a daily intake of 5,000 mg. (9.3 mg. per kilogram).An intake up to 2,000 mg. daily of chlordane in oil solution (3.6 mg. per kilogram body weight in two cases) resulted in an apparent chlordane content of approximately 1.0 p.p.m, in the milk. An apparent chlordane content of 8 p.p.m.resulted from a daily intake of 4,000 mg. (9.8 mg. per kilogram of body weight) and of 7.0 p.p.m, from 5,000 mg. (9.0 mg. per kilogram of body weight).


Located in the Arabian Gulf, approximately 135 km north-west of Abu Dhabi, this giant mature heterogeneous carbonate field is one of the largest fields in the world. The field is characterized by a number of multi-stacked heterogeneous reservoirs. With oil recoveries ranging from 3% to 45%, a large gas cap, and reservoir heterogeneities affecting production performance, the field faces challenges related to advanced maturity. The initial phase of development occurred under natural depletion from 1962 to 1973, and then the development strategy was changed to peripheral water injection, followed by Crestal gas injection in 1994. As a result of the movement of gas and water, the life of the wells has been affected. Because the saline pressure is approximately 1,100 psi, as soon as the well is hit by water, it cannot flow.
 As a key to meeting the production target for the upcoming projects, improvements in reservoir optimization through advanced well architecture are being considered to achieve the production target for this project, as well as ways to have dual wellbore accessibility, thus reducing the number of wells necessary. Having the ability to access lower completion levels and stimulate them is an essential part of the process. Utilizing technology to increase the accuracy of well placement will be a key factor in optimizing the well architecture. Additionally, optimization of well trajectories is also necessary to ensure that the reservoirs are being accessed efficiently and to maximize production. The use of advanced completion technologies can ensure that the wells are properly stimulated.
 Advanced multilateral completion technology is used to access laterals within the well. In order to minimize the number of wells and associated surface facilities, including platforms, the wells will target multiple reservoirs with two separate laterals.
 The first MultiLateral TieBack System (MLTBS) was successfully piloted in 2014 and was a great success [1]. It featured a cemented junction with an intermediate lateral liner, which was then completed to Level 5. Optimum cost and duration of the well was required in order to achieve these objectives without compromising on any of the objectives. This study was done in order to come up with a better and more cost effective solution for accessing the upper drain while ensuring segregated flow through independent strings and maintaining well integrity and safety as primary objectives. In order to fulfill the accessibility and control requirements, it was necessary to utilize a Dual Bore Deflector & Latch Coupling as part of the completion of the MLTBS. In this new design however, the intermediate cemented lateral liner was removed, and instead the production tubing would tie back into a lateral completion in the open hole.
 This new well design using the MLTBS equipment with an open hole lateral completion was selected for its advantages over the previous cemented junction design: Low CAPEX for Equipment: Saving of additional equipment for upper lateral like packer & assemblies.Low CAPEX for Operations: Rig-time saving in for cementation, clean out, milling of transition joint and running and setting the permanent packer in upper lateral.
 Some of the reservoirs weren't developed at first and were grouped as Undeveloped Reservoirs (UDR), and their development strategy is mainly based on line-drive development. In this type of completion, the ICDs will be used for water injector wells for line drive systems and producers, allowing control of the undesired fluid flowing through the ICDs by manipulating them in the lower completions.


From 2001 to 2005 in the eight cities of Shandong Peninsula,the total administrative cost of Qingdao was the largest,with an average annual growth rate faster,which exceeded the average annual GDP growth rate of 6.14 percent,and ranked No.3 in the eight cities.The average ratio of administrative cost of the total financial expenditure was 10.48% and it ranked No.5 in the eight cities.Keeping within limits of the excessive growth of total cost has become a top priority.


SCHOLARS have long recognized the role of parody in the MS D version of the fabliau "Berenger au long cul." Specifically, Roy J. Pearcy has suggested allusions to the epic cycle of Guillaume d'Orange and to the Estoire de Merlin for parts of the text, (1) while Keith Busby has instead posited a direct relation of parody between the first half of the fabliau and three of Chretien de Troyes's romances: Erec et Enide, Yvain, and the Conte du Graal. (2) None of these models fully addresses the central episode of the tale, that of the encounter between husband and wife in the forest which results in the "baiser honteux." To this list of sources for parody I would add another for the central episode of "Berenger au long cul": the pastourelle. While the MS D version of "Berenger" owes much of its humor to parodies of epic poetry and romance, the structural model of the pastourelle supplies the impetus for the inversions of gender, social rank, and the sexual encounter present in this version, and to a lesser degree in the other two manuscript versions. I do not mean to imply that the pastourelle replaces courtly or heroic models as the only source for "Berenger au long cul," but rather that it coexists with these other parodies. The episode which results in the "baiser honteux" depends for its humor on epic, romance, and pastourelle elements. As a genre, the pastorela originated in the langue d'oc tradition of lyric poetry. The pastorela was, however, well received in the north where many trouveres, including Jean Bodel--who is often cited as the first fableor (3)--composed their own pastourelles in langue d'oil. (4) Thus, the genre would have been familiar to northern audiences and arguably to the same audiences that knew fabliaux. Essential to the pastourelle is the clear social divide, the mixture of noble and vilain characters that distinguishes it from courtly works where both lady and knight are of necessity nobles. Whereas the aggressive attempts at seductions depicted in most pastourelle would be inappropriate for a knight of courtly literature, here they are justified by--or at least accepted because of--the lady's lower social status. This is not to suggest that the pastourelle in any way undermines notions of courtoisie, but rather that it complements courtly literature. The genre typically involves four key moments: 1) a knight riding alone in the forest hears the song of a bergere; 2) he approaches to find her alone or else spies on her and her amant; 3) a dialogue ensues during which the knight attempts to seduce the girl; 4) and finally, the seduction is achieved either by force or agreement, or the knight is unsuccessful and is forced to flee. (5) The central episode in "Berenger" reproduces all four of these elements through parodic inversion, and similarly complements courtly literature. The fabliau tells of an impoverished chastelain who repays his creditor by marrying off his own daughter to the usurer's son. When the vilain's son begins to boast about his chivalric exploits, his disbelieving wife decides to put him to the test. Dressed as a knight herself, she follows him to the forest where she hears and sees him beating and abusing his arms in mock battle in an attempt to provide evidence that he is indeed fighting other knights. She approaches him with threatening remarks and demands that they fight or that he humiliate himself by kissing her cul. The cowardly husband chooses the kiss over the fight, never recognizing his wife who later gives her name as "Berenger au long cul." She then returns home and engages another knight as her amant. When the husband enters and finds his wife with another man, the wife silences his complaints by threatening him with an attack of her alter-ego, the knight Berenger. The final line summarizes the tale through the proverb: "A mol pastor chie los laine!" (MS D, 296). (6) The parody of the pastourelle begins shortly after the midpoint of the story and corresponds with an inversion of gender: the wife dresses as a knight in order to follow her husband to the woods. …


In high mobility environments, the significant Doppler shift introduces severe inter-carrier interference (ICI) to an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system, which makes channel estimation very challenging. In this paper, we propose an efficient structured distributed compressive sensing (SDCS) based joint channel estimation scheme within multiple OFDM symbols. By utilizing the complex exponential basis expansion model (CE-BEM) in the time domain and exploiting the channel sparsity in the delay domain, we obtain a joint-block-sparse model. Then a novel block-based simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (BSOMP) is proposed to make joint estimation of channel parameters accurately. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed SDCS scheme achieves better channel estimation performance than the conventional CS and DCS scheme over high mobility channels.


This thesis demonstrates that psychological health education is an important part of political, ideological and moral education. It argues that there are three long-standing misconceptions, including definition, connotation, and standards, existing in training the students' healthy psychology.


The author discusses the notion of moderation and the concept of balance in the environment and the individual. (non-author abstract)


In this article we try to contextualize the relations between Linguistics and Cognitive Sciences from a pragmatic-discursive standpoint. For this purpose, we proceed with a critical study of the streams that, in Linguistics, postulate a close relation between language and cognition, concerning some fundamental notions such as communication, use and context. Finally we list the theoretical bases upon which a conceptual bridge betweeen language and cognition can be established: a relation of mutual constitutiveness, which necessarily passes through the processes of signification and in which discourse intervenes.


Head injury is a leading cause of death and disability around the globe and presents a major worldwide social, economic, and health problem. With increasing civilization there is increase in road surface transport to fulfil the need of population, due to this the most common cause of head injury is vehicular accidents. Cases for present study were selected from the medico-legal autopsies, conducted at the Grant Medical College, Sir J. J. Hospital, Mumbai, during the period of 18 months, from January 2009 to August 2010. Cases (100) having a definite history of head injuries irrespective of predisposing factors, were selected for the purpose of scrutiny. From the head injury cases so scrutinized, fatal cases were isolated where the cranio-cerebral injuries alone occurred. In this study Road traffic accident is the most common cause of head injury, linear type of parietal and temporal bone fracture is mostly seen. Incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage is most common.


ASIA-PACIFIC India's Naxalite rebellion ........................................................................................ XI ISAF operations in Afghanistan ............................................................................XII Thailand's political turmoil ................................................................................. XIV The US military presence on Okinawa ................................................................XV


Sensor networks are finding significant applications in large scale distributed systems. One of the basic operations in sensor networks is data aggregation. Among the various approaches to in-network aggregation, such as gossip and tree, including the hash-based techniques, the tree-based approaches have better performance and energy-saving characteristics. However, sensor networks are highly prone to failures. A few techniques are suggested in literature to counteract the effect of failures, but have not been carefully analyzed for fault tolerance and scalability.
Our work is geared toward analyzing the fault tolerance of such aggregation algorithms, and proposing scalable techniques for data aggregation. To this end, we make the following distinct contributions. First, we propose a simple fault model for analysis of various aggregation techniques. We then utilize this fault model to analyze the fault tolerance of existing techniques such as tree and gossip aggregation, and also weigh the performance gain of various techniques suggested to improve fault tolerance, such as multiple trees and local fixes. We also do the cost-benefit analysis of using the hash-based schemes which are based on FM sketches. Then, we propose a novel hybrid aggregation technique that combines the best characteristics of tree and gossip aggregation and improves fault-tolerance and scalability. Finally, we analyze the impact of using a few of the more reliable, though expensive, nodes—such as the Intel XScale—called microservers, in addition to the standard motes, on the fault tolerance and scalability of the aggregation algorithms in sensor networks. We show that our work can be effectively used as a design tool for maximizing fault tolerance while designing scalable aggregation algorithms for sensor networks.


Thornton Wilder's is a great name in the field of American Literature he won three Pulitzer prizes for his works. Heaven's My Destination is a different kind of Novel for Wilder. It was his fourth novel and second after the wildly popular The Bridge of San's Luis Ray. It is very episodic Novel. The purpose of the present paper is an in-depth analysis of themes and techniques employed by the Wilder in Heaven's My Destination. It was published in December 1934 in England; the first American Edition followed at the beginning of the New Year. According to author the title comes from "Doggerel verse which children of the Middle West were accustomed to write in their school books. George Brush is the hero in the Novel and Brush holds firmly to Mahatma Gandhi's theory of Ahinsa , the idea that passive resistance to once enemy will conquer him by effecting a change in his social attitudes.


In this case, a hotel-management company assesses the initial effectiveness of its recently implemented balanced scorecard system. The case gives students exposure to (1) determining an appropriate management-control and performance-measurement system for an organization once its strategy and structure have been established, (2) evaluating the design and implementation of a comprehensive balanced scorecard framework, (3) analyzing the usefulness of flexible budgeting as part of a balanced scorecard, and (4) assessing the performance of operating managers. Excerpt UVA-C-2160 Rev. June 17, 2009 MAVERICK LODGING In early January 2000, Cindy Baum was reviewing the 1999 balanced scorecard results for Maverick Lodging. As the Vice President of Asset Management, Baum had developed and implemented the balanced scorecard throughout 1998. Thus, 1999 represented the first full year of results using the balanced scorecard approach. She was anxious to see if the scorecard she had created was accomplishing its primary objective of aligning the company's strategy, structure, measurements, and incentives. Developing a balanced scorecard had been a considerable challenge because of the complicated nature of the hotel industry. Baum's employer, Maverick Lodging, managed hotels on behalf of third-party owners who had franchise agreements with the Marriott Corporation. Maverick Lodging concentrated on managing three specific types of Marriott properties: Fairfield Inns, Courtyards by Marriott, and Marriott Residence Inns. Fairfield Inns and Courtyards by Marriott offered the typical variety of hotel rooms, whereas Residence Inns offered "suite arrangements" that included a kitchen, sitting room, and one or two bedrooms. The Courtyards typically had a restaurant, whereas the Fairfield Inns and Residence Inns did not. Instead, they had a "gatehouse" area that served complimentary breakfast. Because third-party owners had many choices among hotel-management companies, including the Marriott Corporation, Maverick Lodging believed that adopting a balanced scorecard framework might help differentiate its services. In addition, Baum believed that a good balanced scorecard would be particularly useful to her because, as the Vice President of Asset Management, she was the principal liaison between the hotel owners and Maverick Lodging. Therefore, she had primary responsibility for ensuring that the contract terms and both parties' objectives were met. Maverick Lodging was one of the earliest hotel-management companies to implement a balanced scorecard management system. . . .


An anisotropic lattice anomaly near the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, was observed in MgB2 by high-resolution neutron powder diffraction. The a-axis thermal expansion becomes negative near Tc, while the c-axis thermal expansion is unaffected. This is qualitatively consistent with a depletion of the boron-boron s-band as the superconducting gap opens, resulting in weaker bonding. However, the observed anomaly is much larger than predicted by the Ehrenfest relation, strongly suggesting that the phonon thermal expansion also changes sign, as commonly observed in hexagonal layered crystals. These two effects may be connected through subtle changes in the phonon spectrum at Tc.


On researching and analyzing the threading test process of some cold rolling mill,some conclusions that are rather helpful for manufacturing were obtained.What's more,validity and feasibility of the new threading method for the rolling mill was proved by the test result.


According to project practice, the method of strengthen the impermeability of the basement concrete ahead of postcast strip is introduced, such as some effective in the foundation slab post-cast strip, before pouring the concrete without the postpouring belt in advance by concrete flap under water, ahead of the foundation slab water structure, In the basement of post-cast strip casting concrete panels before post-cast strip place outside the water with baffle basement wall template integrated construction, etc.


For clear structure and easy transplant-ability,eCos is used in many embedded systems.Based on the introduction to the eCos system architecture,we analyze the current development environments for eCos and the requirements for IDE.Then we design the required modules for eCos IDE.


Storage unit (4) includes storage control unit and (6). Storage unit (4) is stored by arranging the input order of the input signals, a means capable of reading the input signal in the arrangement order. The storage control unit (6), the delay information of the input signal, for controlling the delay time from input to output of the input signal in the storage unit (4). Then, in this control, when the delay amount of the input signal is large, it reduces the delay time, when the delay amount of the input signal is small, thereby increasing the delay time.


This paper introduces the background of online algorithm and compares it with the traditional methods of decision-making for uncertainty problems. Then,it sums up the development of online algorithm,especially discusses the standard online model under which a decision-maker does not know any information and online model with part information,and draws a research frame that was more in accordance with reality. Finally, application of online algorithm is explained by how to make decision when buying-renting a house.


Its sculptor, Charles of Lindos, took his own life when shown a single flaw on the brow of Helios of Rhodes...


In this paper, the effect of buoyancy force on the parallel flows bounded above by a rigid permeable plate which may be moving or stationary and below, by a permeable bed has been investigated. To discuss the solution, the flow region is divided into two zones. In Zone 1, the flow is laminar and is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations from the impermeable upper rigid plate to the permeable bed. In Zone 2, the flow is governed by the Darcy law in the permeable bed below the nominal surface. The expressions for velocity and temparature distributions, Slip velocity, slip temperature, mass flow rate and the rates of heat transfer coefficients are obtained. The effects of magnetic, porous, slip and buoyancy parameters and Biot number on the above physical quantities are investigated. The thickness of the boundary layer in Zone 2 has been evaluated.


Background: 6-chloro-2-aminobenzothiazole is a key starting material for synthesis of many APIs. Literature reveals that synthesis of 6chloro-2-aminobenzthiozole requires more time while giving poor yield. Therefore the purpose of this study was to achieve better yield & purity by application of QbD approach. Methods: The reaction was studied for effect of temperature and effect of light during the bromination and cyclization step. Each of the focus areas and process parameters were assessed for the likely risk they pose to the quality and yield (the CQAs) of the final product, 6-chloro-2-aminobenzothiazole. The reaction was optimized using Design of Experiment. Temperature and intensity of light were selected as the independent variables. The effect of the independent variables on the % yield, % purity and reaction time was studied. Results: The design space was developed between CPPs and CQAs of the focus area, i.e., Bromination, to facilitate the process of predicting the extent of effects of CPPs over CQAs. After a good understanding of the reaction mechanism, experimental and statistical evaluation of the results, it was found that temperature shows a significant effect on all the three CQAs whereas reaction time was governed by both temperature and intensity of light. Conclusion: The reaction was optimized using graphical and numerical evaluations and was found to best fit in terms of a reaction carried out in ice bath at 0oC and a 100W bulb. More scope for improvement was found in terms of application of DoE to the Recrystallization step.


Abstract Nucleus-hydrogen scattering can be predicted using optical potentials formed by full folding effective two-nucleon interactions with detailed nuclear structure. Results when compared with measured cross sections (integral and angular) for energies in the range 25A to 250A MeV are excellent and such data analyses reveal attributes of the separate nucleon matter distributions of the nucleus involved.


In this paper we study the decay behaviour for the entries of functions of skew symmetric matrices arising in the applications. Thanks to an algorithm proposed in [4] for computing the exponential of tridiagonal skew symmetric matrices we will be able to study the decay behaviour of more general functions of matrices and to define a banded version of such function of matrices. Numerical tests showing this kind of behaviour are reported for several kind of functions. Keywords— Skew-symmetric matrices, singular value decomposition.


The various indirect methods that have been developed by Brass and others for the analysis of mortality in countries with deficient vital statistics are described. The authors discuss how these and other methods have been used to study mortality in Colombia since 1960 using data from a number of surveys. (ANNOTATION)


The autonomy of intelligent mobile robot is not strong enough, and the traditional control methods are insufficient. According to these, a design and control method for intelligent mobile robot is proposed based on microprocessor. The architecture and hardware circuit of mobile robot control system are designed, and an improved PID control method is used for planning the mobile path of robot. The software platform of the system is developed based on codewarrrior IDE development environment, and the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation experiments. The experimental results show that the recommended algorithm can achieve mobile effect quickly and accurately for the robot.


Currently, public awareness of healthcare importance increase. Polyunsaturated fatty acid is an essential nutrition for us, such arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. The need of Polyunsaturated fatty acid generally derived from fish oil, but fish oil has a high risk chemical contamination. Microalgae are single cell microorganism, one of Phaeodactylum tricornutum which have relatively high content of eicosapentaenoic acid (29,8%). Biotechnology market of Polyunsaturated fatty acid is very promising for both foods and feeds, because the availability of abundant raw materials and suitable to develop in the tropics. This literature review discusses about the content of Polyunsaturated fatty acid in microalgae, omega-3, omega-6, Polyunsaturated fatty acid production processes, and applications in public health


Abstract Body Carl Jung used the term, 'The Wounded Healer' as an archetypal dynamic to describe a phenomenon which may take place in the relationship between analyst and analysand. Jung discovered the Wounded Healer archetype in relation to himself. For Jung, 'It is our own hurt that gives the measure of our power to heal'. Indeed, recurrent themes in the autobiographical narratives of Wounded Healers is that their experiences living with trauma inspired them to become more empathetic, driven and insightful. Many report that debilitating though the symptoms of mental illness are, the stigma is far worse. In this paper we describe the inception of an innovative anti-stigma programme, 'The Wounded Healer' that blends the power of storytelling and the performing arts with psychiatry and how The Wounded Healer helps to heal the wounds that were afflicted by the trauma of stigma. Disclosure No significant relationships.


The existence of picture books can have an important impact on children's growth. The existence of picture books can effectively improve children's reading ability and reading interest, and cultivate their reading habits through picture books. In the process of designing and creating the picture book, the designer should pay attention to the growth characteristics of the preschool children, the interest in the things and the level of cognition. In the children's gamification picture book, the interaction is fully integrated to promote the picture book reading. It can create fun and gameplay, and make the picture book more interesting and educational for children. This paper studies the interactive design of children's gamification books, and fully explores its expressions, techniques and creative methods to ensure the interactiveness of children's gamification books.


The FeNi technology is currently dominated by high-power submerged arc furnaces, often designed as smelter as "two-in-line-solution". To achieve the intended high efficiency, state-of-the-art design in good correlation with ores and reductants and an integrated layout of the whole plant is of great importance. An introduction will be given to general aspects in the production FeNi, plus a detailed overview of design principles for large FeNi smelters and finally some examples of innovations and research projects concerning FeNi. 1. HISTORY, APPLICATIONS AND TRENDS 100 years of submerged arc furnace technology (SAF), a remarkable achievement by SMS DEMAG. We are proud of looking back at our involvement in this technology in which SMS DEMAG played a significant role in the development of this smelter. Table 1: Major users applying SAF's During the last century, the submerged arc furnace has been one of metallurgy's most amazing diversified melting units which has found many applications in over 20 different industrial areas, including ferro-alloys, iron, silicon metal, copper, lead, zinc, refractory, titanium oxide, calcium carbide, phosphorus and materials recycling, etc.[1]. SMS DEMAG has been developing this technology for more than 100 years and has supplied a diverse market with about 700 furnaces and major furnace components[2]. Numerous applications were constantly developed serving various users[3,4]. Such an evolution was only possible because of tremendous efforts in research and development and due to the large range of design solutions. Ferro-Nickel, Ferro-Chrome, Ferrosilicon, Ferro-Manganese, Silico-Manganese, ...... Alloys / products Corundum, Mullite, Fused Magnesite, Fused Oxides, Mineral Wool,...... Calcium Carbide, Titanium Slag, Phosphorus, Silicon Metal,...... Iron & steel industry (main applications) Copper, Lead, Antimon/Bismuth, Zinc, Nickel/Copper Matte, Platinum,..... Non-ferrous metal industry Ferro-Tungsten, Ferro-Tantalum, Ferro-Niob, Calcium-Silicon, Ferro-Vanadium, ........ Iron & steel industry (additional applications) Refractory & grinding industry* Chemical & electronic industry User industries


AIMS: To determine the most frequent bacteria and fungi responsible for donor corneas contamination in our eye bank, to determine if postmortal time and transportation from the place of enucleation to the eye bank have any influence on contamination rate. METHODS: Microbiological analyses of turbid storage media (InOsol) RESULTS: Overall contamination rate was 2, 5% what was in good correlation to other eye bank results. St. epidermidis, MRSE and MRSA were the most frequent microbes that caused contamination. The more time pased by, the higer was the contamination rate, specially over than 12 hours postmortally. Transportation also played negative role. CONCLUSION: Ideal time would be to prepare cornea and put it in the eye bank during the first 12 hours from donors death, if possible without any transportation.


BACKGROUND
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been widely used for hand function recovery in patients with subacute and chronic stroke.

OBJECTIVE
To observe the effect of low-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES) on hand function recovery during convalescence of stroke.

METHODS
Patients were divided into3 groups of 20 patients in each. All patients received routine training. rTMS group was treated with low-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). FES group received functional electrical stimulation (FES) therapy. Observation group was treated with low-frequency rTMS and FES. The changes of TMS-MEP in the 3 groups were observed at the time of enrollment and after 2 courses of treatment, respectively, and the total active activity of fingers (TAM) and Fugl-Meyer Rating Scale (FMA) were evaluated in wrist and hand parts.

RESULTS
The amplitude of TMS-MEP was significantly higher than that of FES group. FMA score and TAM score in the observation group were significantly better than that of rTMS group and FES group.

CONCLUSION
Low-frequency rTMS combined with FES treatment can effectively improve the range of motion of fingers, and significantly improve the grasp, pinching and other functions of hands.


The Level 1 (pixel) trigger of a VERITAS telescope is described. The trigger uses a constant fraction discriminator (CFD) to decrease VERITAS operation energy threshold by reducing the coincidence resolving time between neighboring pixels to ∼ 5 ns. We discuss the optimization of the CFD design as well as unique requirements of the CFD application in a Imaging Atmospheric Čerenkov Telescope (IACT). We describe a novel feedback circuit to provide real time optimization of CFD performance under variable NSB conditions. Tests of the Level 1 trigger demonstrate jitter < 1 ns with background noise values up to 0.8 pe/ns.


Title : Efforts to Apply Minimum Health Service Standards in Hypertension Health Services Indicators in Public Health Services of Semarang City Background: Minimum services standards have to be provided by each region to their citizen regarding the minimum type and quality of basic services. Minimum health service standard have 12 type of basic services. One of them are the health service of hypertension patient which was only 24,75% in 2017 from target 100% in Semarang District. Methods: The research objective was to analyse the implementation of minimum service standards. A qualitativemethod and a descriptive analytic approach was used in this research.Primary data from in-depth interviews and secondary data that were relevant to the research   were collected. The study was conducted at Public Health Services of Gunungpati, Ngesrep, Pudak Payung, Sekaran and Health Office ofSemarang City.  The respondents wereprovider staff at Public Health Services and Health Office holding the non-infection disease program. To get properly information this study also interviewing the patients. Result : The results showed the Minister of Health's Regulation Number 4/ 2019 concerning minimum service standards in the health sector was too ideal and was it difficult to reach. Conclusions : Public Health services as the executor of the Minister of Health Regulation Number 4/2019 must have innovations in order to achieve the 100% target.


This article discusses about networks designers and operators drawing more attention to thermal stability of cable metallic cover (shield) assuring about it both in the process of maintenance of the existing oil paper insulation cables (lead-covered) and in selecting new cables with plastic insulation (copper cover); In the result of cooperation of Riga Technical University and Latvenergo specialists the methodology has been elaborated on thermal stability testing of the existing cables lead-covered in case of earth fault; this methodology is widely advisable for application.


Though supervised learning gains impressive success, the acquisition of indispensable large-scale labeled datasets are often impractical in biomedical imaging partially due to expensive costs and lengthy annotations done by experienced radiologists. Semi-supervised learning has been shown to be an effective way to address this limitation by leveraging useful information from unlabeled datasets. In this paper, we present a new semi-supervised learning method referred to as Dual-Decoder Consistency via Pseudo-Labels Guided Data Augmentation (DCPA) for medical image segmentation. We devise a consistency regularization to improve the semi-supervised learning. Specifically, to promote consistent representations during the training process, we use different decoders for student and teachers networks while maintain the same encoder. Moreover, to learn from unlabeled data, we create pseudo-labels generated by the teacher networks and augment the training data with the pseudo-labels. The two techniques contribute to the improved performance of the proposed method. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method on three representative medical image segmentation datasets. Extensive comparisons to the state-of-the-art medical image segmentation methods were carried out under typical scenarios with 10% and 20% labeled data. Experimental outcomes demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art semi-supervised medical image segmentation methods over the three semi-supervised settings. Furthermore, to explore the performance of proposed method under extreme condition, we conduct experiments with only 5% labeled data. The results further verify the superior performance of the proposed method. Source code is publicly online at https://github.com/BinYCn/DCPA.git.


The sanitation problem in Malang City is a serious problem. The Supit Urang Fecal Sludge Treatment Plant (IPLT) is intended to improve the processing of fecal waste so that is suitable for disposal into the environment. This study aims to isolate and identifyx the initial types of pathogenic bacteria contained in fecal waste effluent found in maturation ponds. The method used is descriptive exploratory xto provide an overview of the presence of pathogenic bacteria in maturation ponds. The data obtained was then analyzed descriptively in form of data tabulations in tables and diagrams. The result showed that there were four genera of pathogenic bacteria identified in maturation ponds. The four genera are xmembers of the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Escherichia, Salmonella, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter. Microscopically, bacteria were found to be gram-negative with bacilli, cocci, and spiral cell shapes. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in the maturation ponds is thought to be due to thex depth of the pond and the detention time exceeds the standard. Treatment of fecal waste in maturation ponds is not optimal because it still contains harmful pathogenic bacteria, so it needs more intensive processing to make it suitable for disposal into the river.Keywords: fecal sludge, IPLT, maturation pond, pathogenic bacteria


artefact-types which are by no means restricted to the specific ship in question. By way of specific example, the drawings of the various types of ordnance (pls 65– 67) include sections, tri-axial elevations, details of the (perhaps surprising) Tudor rose and crown, and exploded drawings of cannon assemblies. Drawings of the demi-cannon drake in 'housed', 'run out' and 'run in' positions have far wider applicability. The reviewer's gripes are limited, and possibly unworthy. The citation of imperial measurements without metric conversions must be considered anachronistic, while the use of it or its as against the traditional she and her in referring to specific ships serves to irritate the reviewer, at least. However, the author and illustrators deserve recognition for making available a comprehensive, well-presented and reasoned summary of the deduced anatomy and physiology of a ship which is self-evidently of massive historical significance but for which only minimal evidence (none of it direct or material) survives: theirs has apparently been an extended labour of love. Thanks are due for a work which is significant far beyond its titular remit, will long occasion discussion amongst specialists, and will be valued by anybody with a serious interest in the fundamentally significant developments in warship design within this period. It is, however, a book to buy and consult repeatedly rather than to borrow, read and return. On this basis, the price is entirely reasonable.


A central goal in social science is to evaluate the causal effect of a policy. One dominant approach is through panel data analysis in which the behaviors of multiple units are observed over time. The information across time and space motivates two general approaches: (i) horizontal regression (i.e., unconfoundedness), which exploits time series patterns, and (ii) vertical regression (e.g., synthetic controls), which exploits cross-sectional patterns. Conventional wisdom states that the two approaches are fundamentally different. We establish this position to be partly false for estimation but generally true for inference. In particular, we prove that both approaches yield identical point estimates under several standard settings. For the same point estimate, however, each approach quantifies uncertainty with respect to a distinct estimand. In turn, the confidence interval developed for one estimand may have incorrect coverage for another. This emphasizes that the source of randomness that researchers assume has direct implications for the accuracy of inference.


1.1 | The evidence The Cochrane review of perineal management1 concludes that, with the possible exception of warm compresses, no treatment reduces perineal injury. Specifically there was no evidence that controlled delivery of the head made a difference. The trials included the large, high‐quality HOOP (Hands On Or Poised) trial2 which showed fewer episiotomies in the "hands poised" group but no other differences.


A trap that closes with a "click": The copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition can occur in different G-quadruplex structures (see scheme). The species trapped by the click reaction can then be separated and analyzed. By using this approach, a DNA-RNA hybrid-type G-quadruplex structure formed by human telomeric DNA and RNA sequences was detected.


It is recognized that no problem solving can take place without a background knowledge. As the highest marks in PMPs are now being consistently achieved by those candidates who arrive at the correct diagnosis without accumulating excessive information and at the same time avoiding irrelevant or incorrect data the PMP may be measuring efficiency in problem solving ability. This would appear to be substantiated by the fact that reasonable correlations are obtained between each candidate's remarks in problems of widely differing system disease patterns.


This paper proposes new structures for a polarization-maintaining optical fiber with axially asymmetric index distribution: (1) a single circular-pit fiber (SCF), (2) a double circular-pit fiber (DCF), (3) a non-coaxial W-type fiber (NWF). Numerical analyses of their propagation characteristics are based on a new point-matching method whose computation error is limited only by the mode number truncation error. It is shown that values of β/k0 as large as 3.0 × 10−4 can be obtained with air pits in the SCF and DCF structures.


By avoiding the lattice mismatch between a grown layer and a substrate, a uniform and single crystal layer of In1-xGaxAs (x\cong0.5) is successfully grown on InP by the liquid phase epitaxy. The crystal shows a higher mobility and a larger maximum velocity than GaAs. This mixed crystal is desirable material in electronic properties for microwave and high speed switching devices.


Abstract The wettability of phosphonium benzene sulfonate on parafilm has been investigated by means of dynamic contact angle measurement. Based on the surface tension data, the spreading coefficient, adhesion tension (γlg cosθ), and adhesion work (WA) were further analyzed. It was revealed that the surface tension and contact angle decreased with the increase in concentration, and remained constant when the concentration was higher than the critical micelle concentration (CMC). Furthermore, the spreading coefficient increased with increase in concentration then stays unchanged. In the studied concentration range, the value of spreading coefficient is negative, indicating that it cannot rapidly spread the surfactant on the parafilm surface to an uniform film. The measurements show a linear relationship between the adhesion tension γlg cosθ and the surface tension in the concentration range of 2 × 10−6 mol L−1 to 1 × 10−4 mol L−1. The adsorbed amount of surfactant molecules at the parafilm-solution interface is lower than that at the gas-liquid interface. The value of WA was initially decreased then increased as the concentration was increasing and reaches a minimum value at the concentration near the CMC.


The paper probes into irony, symbolism and other literary techniques used by Kate Chopin through close reading her two famous short stories The Story of an Hour and The Storm , and points out that representing the sense of feminism is Chopin's persistent artistic inclination.


The creation of the Scottish Parliament was a major change in UK politics and the empirical research presented in this thesis makes a significant contribution to knowledge by revealing new evidence about some of the key political processes that led-up to the new constitutional settlement. This thesis also addresses a gap in the academic literature and offers a different approach by marshalling the evidence in respect of a single individual actor: Donald Dewar. Whilst the existing literature largely explains the success of the home rule movement by focusing on structural changes in Scottish society such as the politicisation of Scottish national identity this thesis focuses on the role of agents and institutions in four critical junctures in the devolution debate. These are the process of writing and promoting the Labour Party's 1984 Green Paper on Devolution, the Labour Party's decision to participate in the Scottish Constitutional Convention, the decision to hold a pre-legislative referendum and the publication of the 1997 White Paper, Scotland's Parliament. The research is informed by a historical institutionalist rationale and builds on existing insights in the new institutionalist literature. One of the themes of this research is that while changing circumstances and external crises can create pressure for change, the way in which actors interact within institutions often defines the path that is taken. Institutions are the arenas in which actors engage with new ideas and set policy goals; they are the level at which individuals confront structural constraints and


The Evidence Based Practice (EBP) of biomechanics and human movement (hereafter BHM) has been handcuffed by a lack of peer reviewed, high level, valid and clinically applicable evidence that has dampened the ability to use Sackett's model of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) clinically [1-3]. Current journal research protocols for EBM follow a deterministic model. In this model there are one or two dependent variables to be investigated and simultaneously all independent variables that could dampen the results are eliminated or controlled with an algorithm or statistical formulae. The deterministic model has both a high intratester (the same tester repeatedly gets the same results) and intertester (different testers repeatedly get the same results) efficiency a for it to be deemed high level. Because of the vast numbers of independent variables that exist when researching BHM [4], high level research has been forced to be complaint oriented (limited to signs or symptoms such as pain, an injury or a deformity [5]reducing its ability to have clinical applicability on a case to case basis.


Abstract Berchemiella wilsonii (Rhamnaceae) is an endangered endemic tree to China. Here, the chloroplast genome was characterized by next-generation Illumina paired-end sequencing. The complete genome comprised 160,076 bp in length, with an inverted repeat region of 26,514 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,717 bp, and a large single copy region of 88,331 bp. A total of 132 genes were identified, including 83 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome was 37.23%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that B. wilsonii was most closely related to Berchemiella berchemiifolia.


B. megaterium and S. epidermidis were used to study the inhibitory effect or pure aflatoxin and aflatoxin-contaminated rice. Results showed that the inhibitory effect was more pronounced In B. megatarium growth. The inhibitory effect of pure aflatoxin started at the concentration of 20 μg/ml and persisted to the concentration of 25 μg/ml (P<0.05). The inhibitory effect of aflatoxin-contaminated rice was not detected because of its low concentration.


The special character of electric power as a kind of commodity leads to the difficulty and complexity in its trade in the electric market. The planning for its bargaining system must consider the risk of price fluctuation together with the technological and physical restriction of the power system. Based on in-depth analyses on the option-forward bargaining theories we draw an operable bargaining model, which considers the stability of the electric power system, Participants under this model are inspirited to adjust the quantity of power consumption as well as a 'settlement price', and this trading strategy is helpful to the stability of the system.


In the previous work we accomplished the problem of deening fuzzy dependency as well as projection and join operators which allow us to decompose a database in such a way that this process is fuzzy loss less. The deenition of rules-based fuzzy dependency did not satisfy the transitivity axiom, which is crucial to obtaining the completeness of the counterpart of Armstrong axioms for fuzzy dependencies. In this paper we introduce an alternative deenition of dependency called restricted dependency, satisfying the transitivity property of inference. All the results obtained with the rst deenition of dependency are also extended to this case. The price to pay for transitivity is a more restricted deenition of fuzzy dependency. 1 Deenition of Transitive Rules Based Fuzzy Functional Dependencies We assume the same notation and preliminaries introduced in Section I, Part I. Now, our objective is to extend the notion of fuzzy projection and dependency for single attributes, introduced in Section II, Part I, to the case of compound attributes, in such a way that transitivity axiom of inference is not lost. The key to maintaining transitivity is to consider, in the deenition of fuzzy projection, each attribute separately, i.e, instead of considering those tuples such that their antecedent kernel values are overlapped (deenition of RULE operator in Part I) for every X h 2 X, we now consider for each value X h (t), those tuples t i such that X h (t i); X h (t) is a sequence of fuzzy values with overlapped kernel values. Let us formalize this process:


The invention relates to a thermoplastic material manufacturing method having a high glass transition temperature, this process being characterized in that is prepared from a polymer having as one of its constituent units anhydrides grounds, that reacting a sufficient amount of primary amine or a mixture of primary amines to the anhydride units are converted at least partly acid-amide units and is carried out the cyclization of the resulting polyacid amide . The obtained thermoplastic material may be used in particular to the constitution of optical fibers resistant to high temperatures.


Colors of skin, green plant, and blue sky of digital photographic images were studied for modeling and detection of these three important memory color regions. The color modeling of these three regions in CIELAB and CAM02-UCS was presented, and the properties of these three color groups were investigated.


During the ca. 500 years of the Roman Empire, road construction and maintenance was viewed as a priority, but it also offered a perfect means of propaganda. Today, the traces of these activities are visible in many places; inscriptions on Roman milestones (miliarum) and on other constructions proudly present these extraordinary achievements, which were accomplished, in most cases, by military pioneer troops.


Seventy-two plant species representing 22 genera within eight tribes of the Gramineae were tested for susceptibility to systemic colonization after conidial inoculation with two isolates of Peronosclerospora philippinensis from the Philippines. All susceptible species were members of the tribe Andropogoneae (genera—Andropogon [one species], Bothriochloa [10 species], Eulalia [one species], Saccharum [one species], Schizachyrium [three species], and Sorghum [three species]) or the tribe Maydeae (genera—Tripsacum [one species] and Zea [three species]). Not all accessions susceptible to one isolate of the pathogen showed systemic symptoms when inoculated with the second isolate; in some instances, only a few plants of an accession developed systemic symptoms. The results were remarkably similar to our previous host range study with P. sacchari from Taiwan, and the information presented here indicates a very close phylogenetic relationship between P. philippinensis and P. sacchari


This paper presents and evaluates an experimental platform for development, application, and demonstration of synthetic aperture techniques. The platform was developed in the context of a Final Course Project in Electronic Engineering and had strong financial constraints. To maintain a low global cost and to reduce the hardware complexity, the platform uses ultrasound frequencies, therefore implementing synthetic aperture sonar. A set of experiments illustrate the platform usefulness.


The issue of what to do with excess labor is critical to the success of any endeavour to improve the transport sector. Failure to reduce overstaffing leads to excessive wage bills. This exacerbates budget deficits and the losses of parastatal enterprises, which leads to cuts in investment or in the purchase of materials designed to reduce costs, further limiting labor productivity. Moreover, because transport employs so many people, labor redundancy in the sector affects not only the agencies or enterprises concerned but the public sector as a whole. This paper offers no blueprint for action, but categorizes the principal causes of redundancy, reviews the measures used to reduce overstaffing, and discusses the issues that have to be addressed.


With the increasing adoption of Advanced Distribution Management Systems (ADMS) in modern power grids, there is an increasing need to seamlessly integrate existing sensors and measurement devices into these systems. Due to compatibility issues and the cost of replacing entire sensor networks, retrofitting legacy infrastructure with new technologies can be a difficult task. The use of middleware as a viable solution for integrating legacy sensors and measurement devices into ADMS, enabling efficient data acquisition and real-time monitoring, is proposed in this paper. Distribution System Operators (DSOs) can efficiently upgrade their monitoring infrastructure, reduce the costs of a complete hardware overhaul, and maximize the potential of ADMS functionalities by leveraging middleware solutions. This method was used in the case study of retrofitting an existing substation monitoring system in the distribution grid managed by the Italian DSO Unareti, which operates in northern Italy. The legacy monitoring infrastructure uses proprietary communication protocols that are incompatible with the ADMS. The middleware layer solves this problem by allowing data from the substation monitoring system to be collected and analyzed by the ADMS. However, the middleware solution is impractical for critical monitoring systems that require real-time and low-latency data exchange. Depending on the characteristics of the legacy system, the middleware layer may introduce data exchange latency that, in the case of the considered case study, up to 15 minutes in the worst case.


This chapter critically assesses the neoconservative communitarian critique of rights talk and practices in the contemporary United States. We argue that the critics are unconvincing about: (a) the institutional history of civil rights development; (b) the actual character of rights talk and practices in ordinary life; and (c) the allegation that rights talk undermines community, which remains a poorly specified and implicitly inegalitarian standard. Our argument is developed on the basis of sociolegal theory and empirical study over the last several decades.


To control the time-response performance of widely used cerium-activated scintillators in cutting-edge medical-imaging devices, such as time-of-flight positron-emission tomography, a comprehensive understanding of the role of Ce valence states, especially stable Ce4+, in the scintillation mechanism is essential. However, despite some progress made recently, an understanding of the physical processes involving Ce4+ is still lacking. The aim of this work is to clarify the role of Ce4+ in scintillators by studying Ca2+ codoped Gd3Ga3Al2O12∶Ce (GGAG∶Ce). By using a combination of optical absorption spectra and x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopies, the correlation between Ca2+codoping content and the Ce4+ fraction is seen. The energy-level diagrams of Ce3+ and Ce4+ in the Gd3Ga3Al2O12 host are established by using theoretical and experimental methods, which indicate a higher position of the 5d1 state of Ce4+ in the forbidden gap in comparison to that of Ce3+. Underlying reasons for the decay-time acceleration resulting from Ca2+ codoping are revealed, and the physical processes of the Ce4+-emission model are proposed and further demonstrated by temperature-dependent radioluminescence spectra under x-ray excitation.


The information available on the biology and fishery of the two commercially important penaeid prawns Penaeus indicus H. Milne-Edwards and Penaeus monodon Fabricius from the Chilka lake is not much. Kemp (1915) gave brief notes on the migratory nature of these two species and described the colouration of the postlarvae of P. monodon. Devasundaram (1954) furnished information on the magnitude of catches of these two species, while Jones and Sujansinghani (1954) gave information on the gear operated for the capture of prawns and the fishing season together with export figures for large and small sized prawns for the period 1948-50. Jhingran et al. (1963) gave the landing figures, period of migration into the sea and period of post-larval recruitment into the lake and Jhingran and Natarajan (1966) furnished brief notes on the lunar periodicity of the catches, rate of growth and food and indicated the existence of at least two broods. Studies on the biology of Penaeus indicus ("Kantala chingri") and Penaeus monodon ("Bagda") were undertaken by the author in the Chilka lake during an eight-month period from May to December 1963. The present preliminary observations are on the length-weight relation, sex ratio, food, moulting, breeding and migration.


Application of FYM or vermicompost and PSM with 100 per cent RDF recorded significantly higher available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil after harvesting sunflower. Organic carbon content in soil was highest when FYM and RDF were applied.


Massive, large scale star counts in the J (1.25 μm) band provided by the Deep Near Infrared Survey of the Southern Sky (DENIS) are used for the first time to draw out an extinction map of the Chamaeleon I dark cloud. We derived a 2′ resolution map of the cloud from J star counts within an area of 1. ◦5× 3◦ around the centre of the cloud using an adaptive grid method and applying a wavelet decomposition. Possible contaminating young stellar objects within the cloud are removed, although they are shown to have a negligible effect on the counts. A comparison of our extinction map with the cold contribution of the IRAS 100μm emission shows an almost perfect matching. It is shown that J star counts supersede optical counts on Schmidt plate where AV > 4.


We consider a K-user interference channel in which the channel gains from transmitter i to receiver j > i are 0, resulting in a type of Z interference channel which we term the Complete K-user Z Interference Channel which has not been explicitly studied. We first consider the symmetric linear high SNR deterministic approximation of the Gaussian noise channel. For this model, we provide an outer bound which may be achieved, thereby obtaining the sum-capacity. The outer bound is obtained by providing two types of side-information: the first reduces the channel model to one in which each receiver sees a sum of the direct and interference terms, the second is reminiscent of the Etkin-Tse-Wang side-information for the interference channel. It is noted that the sum-capacity is a function of the number of users K and is larger than the "W" curve for the fully connected K-user interference channel, but reduces to it as K → ∞.


Arterial blood sampling in the ED is usually performed via the radial artery, but some practitioners prefer the brachial artery because it may be


The role of leadership and how it is carried out is now the most pressing problem facing modern businesses and organizations. The "Leaders are persons who build up course for a working gathering of people and who acquire responsibility from this gathering of people to establish heading and who at that point rouse individuals to accomplish the direction's outcomes" There are several vantage points from which to consider leadership. Leadership is often seen as either a personal strength that the leader has or a social miracle that results from the leader's interactions with others. Several interpretations of leadership might be offered by these notions. In this way, leadership is a crucial aspect of any viable framework design. From this vantage point, developing leaders involves using social (such as social) frameworks to create duties among members of a community of practice. "Leader development, then, can be seen as primarily concerned with the human capital of selected individuals, while leadership development is concerned with fostering social capital through maintaining relational systems, participation, and collaborative effort within and between individuals and organizations.


This study aimed to determine the effects of physical fitness on body fat. This research was conducted in National Sports Committee of Indonesia, specifically in Karawang Regency, and selected the athletes as the respondents. The researcher implemented causal studies and path analysis testing. Fourteen (14) respondents were selected by purposive sampling. The data were collected by using Harvard step test in order to measure the physical fitness, and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) data in order to measure the body fat. This study found that the path coefficient value of thephysical fitness on body fat is -0.212, while the value of t-count is -2.468. Therefore, the value of t-count is smaller than t-table, while the degree of freedom = 9 and α = 0.05,such as -2.26, and the probability value of Sig. (0.036) <significant level (0.05). Hence, H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. In other words, physical fitness significantly has direct negative effect on body fat. In conclusion, physical fitness has a significant and direct negative effecton body fat, even when the athlete's physical fitness is better, it does not guarantee his body fat is also good.


We demonstrate a low-cost, tunable receiver based on semiconductor thin film filters. A bit-error ratio of 10-10is demonstrated at a received optical power of -18 dBm in a three-channel, 2.488 Gb/s, DWDM test system.


During the construction of the pile foundation which belongs to concealed work,it is common to have various problems.In a construction case manual dig-pouring piles were unable to be constructed for rich groundwater.Using the timber pile to strengthen the soft ground to form composite foundation was presented in this paper.According to the geological conditions of the construction site,the contribution of the ground soil under pile cap should be considered.It was found that the geologic survey report was not very accurate,which led to the inadequate length of the timber pile and inadequate of bearing capacity of the pile.Anchor jacked pile was used for compensating the lack of bearing capacity,forming a multiple composite ground foundation at last.Good engineering quality and economic results have been obtained.


This paper gives an introduction to the energy-efficient broadcast/multicast routing problem and makes a survey on recent existed algorithms.Firstly,an introduction is made to the broadcast/multicast routing problem.Secondly,the communication and energy models,the definition of energy-efficiency and the optimization objectives are clearly presented.Finally,comparison is made for existing representative algorithms in two aspects:minimum energy and maximum lifetime.Open research issues and research trends are also discussed.


Self-healing materials are defined as the materials that are able to partially or completely restore their original functionality after they have been damaged. In cementitious materials, such as concrete, this concept is referred to the capability of material to seal the cracks without any manual interventions after damage, accompanied by regaining of the mechanical properties, which results in a more durable and sustainable structure. In addition to the available literature which fully describes different methods of applying self-healing into cement-based materials and evaluates their efficiency, new approaches and novel techniques have been proposed for this purpose. This paper presents a brief review of both autogenous and autonomous mechanisms of self-healing, with an emphasize on the recent research advancements. Since the major concern regarding the application of autonomous self-healing in concrete structures is the additional cost caused by the healing agents, the improvement of autogenous self-healing which is an inherent performance of cementitious materials by providing a favorable condition for the process (e.g. high-performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites) may pave the way towards construction industry. However, there are still a few aspects of self-healing concrete missing in the literature that inhibits this technology from being utilized in the construction. Therefore, a comprehensive section is proposed in this paper discussing the major gaps and outlooks in the field of self-healing concrete.


Changing living arrangements in mid-life reflect historical changes in the occurrence and timing of life events such as marriage and parenthood as well as increases in life expectancy. This briefing summarises research, published in Population Trends No. 145, which investigates changes over time in the presence of kin and living arrangements across the life course and the changing demographics of those in mid-life. The work shows how the marital status, educational level, activity status and housing tenure of those aged 45-64 in Britain have changed over the past quarter century.


This paper proposes a 2x2 MIMO microstrip patch antenna for application in the ultrawideband frequency range. The design makes use of a metamaterial structure to enhance the isolation (S12/S21 parameter), keeping it well below -20dB. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed MIMO is from 2.06 GHz to 15.21 GHz, encompassing the entire UWB bandwidth. The proposed antenna's performance has been validated by measuring five MIMO diversity parameters throughout the impedance bandwidth. CCL is < 0.2 bps/Hz, DG is nearly 10, ECC is < 0.0014, TARC < -10 dB, and MEG stable around -6.25 dB. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna are 89mm x 30mm x 1.6mm.


The Australian Football League is itself a significant brand within the Australian community. Players drafted into the AFL are not drafted simply to kick and handball, but to be ambassadors for the interests of the football industry. This article examines the regulation of employee behaviour in Australia, examining the different regulations placed on AFL players as they ply their trade in a competitive and high profile industry, and compares this to regulations placed on a 'traditional employee' and the workplace regulation of the out-of-hours conduct of employees.


This work is partially supported by Per-Fide.
The Per-Fide project is supported in part by a grant (Reference No. PTDC/CLEL-LI/108948/2008) from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and it is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund.


The article deals with the issues of independent foreign language independent learning in higher educational institutions. The author defines the following components of effective educational environment for independent learning: material resources; human resources; educational and methodical, information resources; resources of monitoring and assessment. It can be stated that the lecturer should monitor both the process of independent learning organization and the result of independent foreign language learning. The forms of assessment are defined as formative, summative, norm-referenced, and criterion-referenced ones.