By examining the specific characteristics of documents, theses and publications of Islamic economics and finance, the Bibliometric research leads to the acquisition of diverse data on scientific contributions in this field. By analyzing PhD dissertations data, the productivity of individuals and institutions can be measured. In this paper, all postgraduate dissertations (PhD) in the field of Islamic Banking and finance written in the United Kingdom have been analyzed since 2000 to 2018. Based on the specific search criteria, PhD dissertations were determined from the database of (British library) which leads to database of every university in the UK. Our goals to examine PhD dissertations and draw a general map of them in the field of Islamic Banking and Finance in the UK. In term of title, author gender, university, the year from 2000 to 2018 and the number of PhD dissertations. The paper found around 71% of PhD dissertations were by males which more than females. The number of PhD dissertations increased rapidly since 2010 and 2011, it might be resulted from the concentration of research centers and universities on the Islamic banking and finance after the financial crisis 2008. Also Durham University has the most theses among all of the universities by 30 % of all Islamic banking and finance theses in the UK


New photoelectric photometry of V487 Cassiopeiae (HD 6474) made between 1984 and 1992 is presented. The star has a rather complicated light variation: at least two periods (P 1 = 160 d 3 and P 2 =99 d 6) are present in the light curve, one of them possibly with variable amplitude. The period ratio (P 2 /P 1 =0.62) and the nature of the light variation (i.e. the simultaneous presence of two modes, the amplitude change) are both very similar to that of UU Herculis. This similarity indicates that V487 Cassiopeiae is a UU Her-type variable though it is in the galactic plane. A distinction between the UU Her-type and 89 Her-type variables is suggested


Background: Angiogenesis plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Angiogenesis is studied by calculating the microvessel density. The purpose of this study is to determine whether angiogenesis can be documented in colorectal tumor progression and to assess whether the quantification of microvessels can be correlated to tumor aggressiveness.
Methods: This is a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study, done from August 2015 to July 2016 after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee. We quantified microvessel density in colorectal carcinoma. An immunohistochemical study was performed using mouse monoclonal antibody against CD34, which was used for localizing endothelial cell lined blood vessels & cluster of endothelial cells without lumen formation. Counting was done in 10 consecutive high power fields (40x). The data were analyzed after the counting was done.
Results: We compared microvessel density with age, gender, tumor size, histologic differentiation, tumoral invasion, lymph node metastasis and tumor stage. No significant correlation was found between microvessel density and the aforementioned parameters (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The correlation between microvessel density and tumor progression was non-significant. Hence we conclude that there is a need to undertake studies involving larger samples, and also assessment of the other factors associated with angiogenesis should be done to have a better information on prognostic values


The chin bar of a motorcycle helmet protects the rider from facial and head injuries. An experimental model was developed to evaluate the behavior of the chin bar on direct facial impact, and compared this model with the Snell Memorial Foundation and British Standard tests. In the model, a headform was secured against the interior of the chin bar, then dropped to impact a flat anvil. The maximum acceleration and Head Injury Criterion(HIC) were measured to assess the impact-absorbing capability of the chin bar. The results showed that this approach provides a more realistic and accurate assessment of the ability of the chin bar to protect against head injuries than the Snell or British Standard systems. A chin bar consisted only of plastic shell and comfort foam offers inadequate protection. An impact-absorbing liner is essential to increase the protective performance of chin bar. An appropriate cushioning structure at impact shell area could further improve the impact-absorbing capability. The stiffness at the connected portion between the chin bar and the helmet should be reduced to enhance the cushioning effect.


Background and Purpose— Previous studies demonstrated that intravascular injection of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) significantly improved neurological functional recovery in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). To further investigate the fate of transplanted cells, we examined the effect of male rat BMSCs administered to female rats after ICH. Methods— Twenty-seven female Wistar rats were subjected to ICH surgery. At 24 hours after ICH, these rats were randomly divided into three groups, of which each was intravenously injected with 1 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or 0.5 million or 1 million male rat BMSCs in PBS. To evaluate the neurological functional outcome, each rat was subjected to a series of behavioral tests (mNSS and corner turn test) at 1, 7 and 14 days after ICH. The rats were then anesthetized intraperitoneally, sacrificed and the brain tissues were processed at Day 14 after ICH. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were employed to identify cell specific markers. Results— The male rat BMSCs significantly improved the neurological functional outcome and also significantly diminished tissue loss when intravenously transplanted into the rats after ICH. Immunoassay for BrdU and neuronal markers demonstrated a significant increase in the number of BrdU-positive cells, which indicated endogenous neurogenesis, and a significant increase in the number of cells positive for immature neuronal markers. In situ hybridization showed that more BMSCs resided around the hematoma of the rats treated with the 1 million cell the intravenously administered male rat BMSCs enter the brain, migrate to the perihematomal area and express parenchymal markers.


Objective:To explore the efficacy of Danzikangxi Granule and auxiliary therapy in the treatment of the knee osteoarthritis.Methods:A total of 70 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: the experimental group and control group,35 patients in each group.The scales for clinical manifestations and clinical efficacy were compared in 2 groups after treatment for 4 weeks.Results:There was no significant difference in the scales for clinical manifestations and clinical efficacy between the two groups(P0.05) after the treatment.But significant difference was found in both groups between before and after treatment(P0.05).Conclusion:Danzikangxi Granule and auxiliary therapy is effective for treatment of the knee osteoarthritis.


The invention discloses a control device and method for circulation of a blunt trailing edge wind turbine airfoil, and relates to the technical field of active flow control. The control device is characterized in that a flow control method is utilized, relative principles of Coanda Effect are combined, and the wind turbine airfoil is subjected to modification and remolding treatment; a jet flow device is loaded inside a wind turbine blade and communicates with the external air through a nozzle; the nozzle is connected with a jet flow channel, and the jet flow channel is connected with a pneumatic pump through a pipeline; the wind turbine blade, loaded with a circulation control device, composed of the remolded airfoil generates trailing edge jet flow under the action of the jet flow device inside; and under the influence of the Coanda Effect, the jet flow flows, adhering to the curved surface of a trailing edge, an entire flow filed is influenced, the surrounding flow circulation of the airfoil is increased, the purpose of lift augmentation is achieved, and the aerodynamic efficiency of the wind turbine blade is improved.


Clinical jaundice is sometimes an accompaniment of duodenal ulcer when no other reason than the ulcer is apparent for its existence. Thus, it has been described as a symptom of duodenal ulcer by Reed, 1 Ewald, 2 Kemp, 3 Schmidt 4 and others. Usually it is described as a rare symptom 5 but Collin 6 found jaundice in nine of sixty-two cases of duodenal ulcer. With the development of more exact methods of estimation of bilirubin in the blood, the question of possible jaundice in duodenal ulcer has become interesting. For, if clinical jaundice is present either as a rare symptom of ulcer or occurs in some series oftener than once in ten cases and, since the location of duodenal ulcer is fairly constant, it would seem possible that a certain proportion, possibly a large group, of patients with duodenal ulcer would show latent jaundice. If this is true, the interpretation of hyperbilirubinemia might be confusing


When it is winter you will wear a warm jumper, a heavy coat and gloves, during summertime a pair of shorts and a shirt are enough. You adapt your clothes to the climate conditions you live in. However, if you are working under extreme weather circumstances it is a different story, because how do you stay cool at 55 degrees Celsius and how do you prevent frostbite at -30 degrees Celsius?


We present an approach for random phase approximation calculations of nuclear response in the continuum for the hadronic inelastic scattering. It involves solving the inhomogeneous coupled-channels integral equations for particles excited by the external field. This method provides information on contributions from both direct particle emission and statistical damping processes. We apply it to giant resonances in the 28Si(p,p') scattering at Elab=61 MeV. We show that the calculations well reproduce the gross features of the observed spectra.


Latest
estimates suggest 390 million infections of dengue occur each year, of which
100 million results in symptomatic disease. The new clinical classification
proposed by WHO-TRD 2009 simplifies dengue fever (DF) into dengue (D) and
severe dengue (SD) w...


This paper deals with process aspects of pipeline technology indicates the circumstances under which a slurry pipeline either for domestic use or for export purposes is attractive in comparison with transportation by rail.


On the premise of being familiar with ArcGIS Server technology, we build the architecture of the entire platform, including the basic support layer, data layer, service platform layer, and application layer, and build the entire environment of the platform. We make electronic maps through Arc Map, and collect, organize, and improve spatial data and attribute data, so as to achieve satisfactory accuracy and visual comfort. This study implements various map services under the Dojo framework, including basic map operations, information display and query, marker points, eagle eye diagrams, measurement, printing, and other functions, and uses JavaScript technology to improve user experience. We publish various services through ArcGIS Server, and realize fast and error-free invocation of each service. Based on the theory of runoff and runoff, ArcGIS software was used to study the hydrological information of the watershed, and to determine the catchment area threshold and hydrological response unit. Combined with the GIS spatial analysis method, the numerical simulation of rainfall and runoff in the study case area was carried out, and the variation of the annual rainfall-runoff coefficient was obtained. This study selects an area where stock planning was first proposed as the object of this research. Briefly, we introduce the construction of three-dimensional public space in a certain area, select thirteen typical three-dimensional public spaces as representatives for public evaluation, and explore their existing problems, mainly including the lack of adaptability of space functions and the lack of diversity in space design, privatization of operation management, low level of public perception, etc. Since then, in response to the public problems of the three-dimensional public space in a certain area, a targeted three-dimensional public space optimization strategy is proposed from the four levels of planning policy, urban design, management subject, and user subject.


Simultaneous observations of quasiperiodic (QP) echoes and plasma drift in the ionospheric E region were conducted in Fuke (19.5°N, 109.1°E), Hainan province, China, to investigate the QP striation tilts under varying plasma drift conditions. The E region field‐aligned irregularities (FAIs), observed using the Hainan VHF radar, and the drift velocities of the plasma blobs in the Es layer, recorded by the Hainan Digisonde operating in drift mode, are reported. The QP echoes and drift data recorded during the entire year of 2013 were analyzed and compared. A surprising consistency between the striation tilt of the QP echoes and the drift direction of the plasma blobs was discovered. A negative echo striation of the QP FAIs was recorded when the measured drift direction of the plasma blobs was southward, whereas a positive echo striation was observed during the northward drift. Furthermore, the echo trace was continuous, whereas the QP striation changed from negative to positive, and vice versa. Thus, it can be concluded that the morphology of the QP echoes may be controlled by the background wind fields in the E region. The northward/southward‐drifting striated FAIs in the observation region of a coherent scatter radar might induce the positive/negative QP echo striation in the range‐time‐intensity plots.


Process improvement is frequently discussed and is being implemented in both industry and other organizations, but the results of these efforts have not always been satisfactory. The purpose of this article is to explore the limitations of and potential for process oriented improvement in an academic environment, based on experience from Chalmers University of Technology. It was found that process oriented improvement can work in a university setting, which also could be expected. The improvement projects chosen concern administrative processes, and hence they are not that different from processes in other types of organizations. While the improvement methodology demanded some training and experience, the real challenge was linked to the existing organization and barriers within its social system, political power structure and culture. In order to overcome barriers, the importance of contact between project members and key stakeholders is emphasized.


Many classification algorithms for real world data suffer from a data class imbalance problem. To solve this problem, various methods have been proposed such as altering the training balance and designing better sampling strategies. The previous methods are not satisfy in the distribution of the input data and the constraint. In this paper, we propose a focused sampling method which is more superior than previous methods. To solve the problem, we must select some useful data set from all training sets. To get useful data set, the proposed method devide the region according to scores which are computed based on the distribution of SOM over the input data. The scores are sorted in ascending order. They represent the distribution or the input data, which may in turn represent the characteristics or the whole data. A new training dataset is obtained by eliminating unuseful data which are located in the region between an upper bound and a lower bound. The proposed method gives a better or at least similar performance compare to classification accuracy of previous approaches. Besides, it also gives several benefits : ratio reduction of class imbalance; size reduction of training sets; prevention of over-fitting. The proposed method has been tested with kNN classifier. An experimental result in ecoli data set shows that this method achieves the precision up to 2.27 times than the other methods.


Abstract IT IS well known that some eggs require a longer period of incubation than do others, even though they are set at the same time and incubated in the same machine. Some of this variation in time of hatch can be attributed to known environmental conditions such as changes in temperature or period of storage prior to time of incubation. An opportunity was offered recently, in connection with another study, to gather data on the variations which have been observed in the length of incubation period between turkey eggs of different weights and ages. Since Byerly (1933) has reviewed the early work on environmental factors affecting the length of incubation in hens' eggs, this need not be repeated here. Byerly also studied the effect of egg weight and age of egg (time of storage) on the length of the incubation period, chicken eggs being used for experimental material. Byerly found . . .


Eastern Massasaugas (Sistrurus catenatus) are threatened or endangered in every state and province where they occur, except Michigan, where they are a species of special concern. Even in Michigan, remnant populations exist in small, isolated patches of suitable habitat and little is known about the long-term viability of most populations. We used closed population capture-recapture models ranked by Akaike's information criterion adjusted for small sample size (AICc) to estimate an abundance of 101 (95% CI=86–143) adult Eastern Massasaugas within our study area at Pierce Cedar Creek Institute. We estimated an adult male abundance of 49 (95% CI=35–89) and an adult female abundance of 52 (95% CI=50–63). Our top ranked models supported time and sex as important factors in explaining detection probability. Based on our abundance estimates, we estimated density of adult Eastern Massasaugas to be 4.3–7.2 snakes/ha within the study area.


Background Acylcarnitines have important functions in mitochondrial energetics and β-oxidation, and have been implicated to play a significant role in metabolic functions of the brain. This retrospective study examined whether plasma acylcarnitine profiles can help biochemically distinguish the three phenotypic subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD)—(core depression (CD+), anxious depression (ANX+), and neurovegetative symptoms of melancholia (NVSM+))—following treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Methods Depressed outpatients (n=240) from the Mayo Clinic Pharmacogenomics Research Network were treated with citalopram or escitalopram for eight weeks. Plasma samples collected at baseline and eight weeks post-treatment were profiled for multiple-, short-, medium- and long-chain acylcarnitine levels using AbsoluteIDQ®p180-Kit and LC-MS. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine whether acylcarnitine levels discriminate the clinical phenotypes at baseline or eight weeks post-treatment, and whether temporal changes in acylcarnitine profiles differ between groups. Results At baseline, significantly lower concentrations of short- and long-chain acylcarnitines were found in CD+ and NVSM+ compared to ANX+, and the short-chain acylcarnitines remained lower after eight weeks. At eight weeks, the medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines were significantly lower in NVSM+ compared to ANX+. Regarding changes baseline to week eight, short-chain acylcarnitine levels significantly increased in CD+ and ANX+, and medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines significantly decreased in NVSM+ and CD+. Conclusions In depressed patients treated with SSRIs, β-oxidation and mitochondrial energetics as evaluated by levels and changes in acylcarnitines may provide the biochemical basis of the clinical heterogeneity of MDD, especially when combined with clinical characteristics.


Breakdowns are the usual limitation of the dielectric using. Nowadays, the irradiation of materials by the electron beam of a scanning electron microscope can exhibit such breakdown events and also permit more elementary characterization of charging properties of non conducting materials. So, SEM has been equipped to study the fundamental aspects of charge trapping in insulating materials, by two complementary techniques: the induced current method (ICM) and the mirror method (SEMME). Here we are more concerned by study certain phenomena responsible for obtaining elliptical or circular images dependent on the crystallographic direction in MgO material. We develop then the experimental results of induced current. They are used to validate this method which proves of a great interest and very relevant for any study aiming at approaching the state of dielectric material.


We study a hybrid WDM-OCDMA Passive Optical Network (PON) with dynamic wavelength allocation, and propose analytical models for calculating connection failure probabilities (due to unavailability of a wavelength) and call blocking probabilities (due to interference of neighboring calls). The PON accommodates multiple service-classes with infinite number of traffic sources. The springboard of our analysis is well-established teletraffic models, developed for WCDMA wireless systems. We describe the PONpsilas service-system by forming one-dimensional Markov chains, and solve them to derive the analytical models. We also provide the wavelengths occupancy in the PON. The proposed models are validated through simulation and their accuracy was found to be absolutely satisfactory.


This essay, written in memory of Erik Olin Wright (1947–2019), explores the possibility of liberal socialism. Wright sought to rescue both liberalism and socialism from their demonstrated capacity for depredation. His legacy challenges reformers to proceed with the audacity of real, and realistic, utopianism together with an awareness that, unfortunately, the obverse of an appealing utopianism always beckons.


(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)IntroductionSince 1995, I have spent the northern hemisphere's summers serving as a volunteer mathematics instructor for engineering majors at the Facultad de Tecnologia of the Universidad de San Francisco Xavier (USFX), the state university in Sucre, Bolivia. I have often been impressed with the backgrounds, capabilities, and achievement levels of most of my students, and in particular of those who identified themselves as natives of Peru. The Peruvian students were invariably among the best performers on exams, and shared with me that they had chosen to attend a Bolivian institution because they were unable to pass the rigorous entrance exams of state universities in their own country, in spite of having spent one or two years attending private academies after having completed high school in order to prepare for such tests. I was told that Peruvian state universities generally have very low admissions rates. These observations were repeatedly confirmed during my frequent cross-border excursions into Peru while classes at the USFX were interrupted by strikes, national holidays, or academic recesses.Decades ago, the Bolivian government decided to "democratize" state universities by making them generally accessible to large segments of the population and admitting a less well prepared student body than was common in other South American nations. The state universities in the cities of La Paz and Cochabamba have maintained somewhat stringent admissions criteria, but other state universities, such as the USFX, typically admit about half of all applicants, most of whom are able to begin their studies immediately after having finished high school. For students who are unable to pass the entrance exam for engineering majors of the USFX's Facultad de Tecnologia , the school offers open-admissions carreras tecnicas (technician programs) similar to vocational programs at community colleges in the U.S. These academic tracks include three-year courses of study in information technology, food science, industrial chemistry, and interior design leading to the tecnico superior (senior technician) diploma, as well as two-year tecnico (technician) degree programs which train future electricians and auto mechanics. Most students who complete the carreras tecnicas leave the university and attempt to enter the work force, although a smaller number are able to transfer some of their credits toward undergraduate engineering programs. Whereas a relatively low percentage of students admitted to the Facultad de Tecnologia's engineering programs succeed in obtaining their diplomas within six years, the degree completion rate is high in most other disciplines. A large number of graduates from public institutions flood the Bolivian job market each year, and few are able to secure employment related to their studies, in part because the less stringent admissions practices of Bolivian state universities do not confer a level of prestige comparable to that of the much more selective Peruvian schools.I hope that this article will alert American readers of wide disparities in selection criteria for admission to higher education which exist throughout Latin America, and inform them that in many developing countries, access to a statesubsidized education at a public university is limited to only the best prepared and most highly motivated, and often to students of privileged socioeconomic origins.The Entrance ExamsIntrigued by reports of difficult entrance exams, I travelled to Peru late in the summer of 2010 after having completed my teaching services at the USFX. During this visit, I investigated university admissions practices, and was able to obtain copies of old entrance exams of various public and private universities from kiosks on the campuses of these institutions. Such copies are routinely distributed to prospective students in order to allow them to prepare for the entrance exams. …


There are two types of gold deposits in Southwestern Hunan Province. One is large (single) quartz vein type. The other is thin (network) quartz vein type. The ore occurs in the volcano-sedimentary gold-bearing formation of Neoproterozoic Banxi group. Gold mineralization is strictly controlled by brittle-ductile shear zone. The metallogenic features from geological remote sensing show that the area is an idea prospect target with great potential.More attention should be paid on the research of fracture zone altered rock type of gold, besides the quartz vein type.


Some owners of commercial office buildings are reducing energy costs by designing and orienting their buildings to maximize energy conservation and heat recovery. Architects and engineers claim that this approach is inexpensive to plan and adds only 10% to construction costs while lowering energy budgets by half. Heat recovery from office lighting and equipment offers design opportunities to supplement the low-grade passive solar features. Designers must plan for glare and cooling problems in day-lighted buildings. The article describes energy-conservation features of the Enerplex office complex designed by Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill. Three case histories summarize energy planning and costs in new buildings. (DCK)


Introduction Prostate cancer (PC) is the first cause of fatality related to the reproductive system in men. One out of seven men encounter this pathology once in their lifetime. Prostate Specific Antigen along with digital rectal exam are the first line of screening for prostate pathologies but numerous studies showed that these techniques lack specificity and in sometimes validity for screening. From this notion comes the need to find new biomarkers and molecular players that help get an early detection and effective treatment of PC. Casein Kinase 1 Alpha (CSNK1A1) is an enzyme involved in multiple cellular processes such as the regulation of the oncogenic Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway. Its implication in carcinogenesis and cancer progression is still unclear. In this study, we aim to establish a CSNK1A1 expression profile in BPH and in differently advanced PC grades and to investigate the localization of the enzyme compared to beta catenin in the different samples. Material and methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human prostatic tissues were collected as follows: 85 BPH, 64 PC and 3 controls. Gene expression was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR of cellular transcripts. Protein localization was monitored by tissue immunostaining for CSNK1A1 and Beta-Catenin. Further in-vitro validation of the results is to be made on normal prostate epithelial cell line and PC cell lines using RT-PCR and western blotting. Results and discussions We were able to identify a continuous increase in the CSNK1A1 expression between controls, BPH and PC. These results are being validated in vitro. Preliminary immunostaining results showed membranous beta catenin in BPH and that seemed to be more heterogeneous in PC sections. A correlation with CSNK1A1 localization and amount is still to be achieved. Our results suggest a role of CSNK1A1 in the pathogenesis of BPH and PC by working on the proliferation induction axis, and malignant behaviour of cells. Our staining results suggest a minor role of beta catenin and Wnt pathway in these axes from which emerges the need to deeply investigate the pathways in which CSNK1A1 is implicated in BPH and PC initiation and progression. Conclusion Our results suggest an increase in CSNK1A1 in BPH and PC, which flags this protein as a potential marker in the progression of PC. More investigation is needed to verify whether this protein is involved in cancer initiation or in the direct inhibition of the oncogenic Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway and other pathways.


In this revised second edition, Dr Jean Baker Miller expands on her reflections on women and their future in the world. In particular, she supplies a commentary on the developments and changes experienced by women in recent years. At the centre of her argument is the understanding that the qualities women possess in abundance - tenderness, co-operativeness, ability to nurture - have been consistently devalued by both women and men. In fact, these qualities are sources of enormous strength and must be used as such. Dr Miller goes on to specify the steps women can take to realize these assets and change their lives.


We propose a novel design in PCFs with ultra-flattened dispersion characteristics controllability taking non-uniform air-hole structures in innermost rings. As an example, the proposed PCF with flattened dispersion of plusmn0.27 ps/(kmmiddotnm) from 1.5 mum to 1.8 mum wavelength with confinement losses of less than 10-11 dB/m.


Background Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. Metabolic changes are associated with HD progression, and underlying mechanisms are not fully known. As the IKKβ/NF-κB pathway is an essential regulator of metabolism, we investigated the involvement of IKKβ, the upstream activator of NF-κB in hypothalamus-specific HD metabolic changes. Methods Using viral vectors, we expressed amyloidogenic N-terminal fragments of mutant HTT (mHTT) fragments in the hypothalamus of mice without IKKβ in the CNS (IKKβ-/-) and control mice (IKKβ+/+). We assessed effects on body weight, metabolic hormones, and hypothalamic neuropathology. Results Hypothalamic expression of mHTT led to an obese phenotype only in female mice. CNS-specific inactivation of IKKβ prohibited weight gain in females, which was independent of neuroprotection and microglial activation. Conclusions The expression of mHTT in the hypothalamus causes metabolic imbalance in a sex-specific fashion, and central inhibition of the IKKβ pathway attenuates the obese phenotype.


Objective To investigate the influence of p38MAPK on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and to study their effect on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury models of rat were established.To measuring blood creatinine(Cr) levels for assessing kidney dysfunction. Two-step immunohistochemical methods were used to dedect the changes of expression of p38MAPK,MMP-9.Results Cr levels was obviously increased compared with that of the sham group,and peaked at 24h of reperfusion(P0.01).The MMP-9 mainly expressed in deep layer renal proximal convoluted tubules and medullary substance,gradually upregulated with duration of ischemia-reperfusion,and peaked at 24h of reperfusion and were negatively/weakly expressed in the sham group(P0.01).p38MAPK mainly located at the same areas,peaked at 12h of reperfusion and was negatively/weakly expressed in the sham group(P0.01).And the high expression of p38MAPK and MMP-9 were positively correlated with Cr.Conclusion The activation of p38MAPK may increase the levels of MMP-9,and p38MAPK,MMP-9 may play important roles in early renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and its severity.


The economics of non-renewable resources is composed of at least two branches. The better-known branch owes much to a famous paper by Harold Hotelling [1931], which most economists consider to be the first modern article in the field. Hotelling's main concern was with the unfolding of equilibrium through time in the market for a resource. Price at any instant of time was viewed as responding to the total resource stock available to society. As Robert Solow [1974] pointed out, this response was a consequence of the fact that the resource was an asset to society and would in equilibrium have the same rate of return (through capital gains) as other assets. Price would adjust in intertemporal equilibrium so that the divergence between price (or marginal revenue if the market had market power) and marginal cost of extraction would rise at the rate of interest through time. (This follows because, if extracted and sold, a unit of resource would yield the going rate of interest. Only if the value of the resource rose by a like amount would it be left in the ground.) This result has come to be known as Hotelling's r-per-cent rule. Frederick Peterson and Anthony Fisher [1977] have set out clearly the factors that are important to the Hotelling theory. These include the level of aggregate consumption, the level and rate of increase of price as


Aframework connected various boundary methods developed individually under a unified viewpint of functional5 is given, then some possibilities of new methods are presented . The boundary Methods are compared with the Domain Methods in detail.


Objectives: To explore the curative effect of Lacidophilin Vaginal Capsules combined with Gyno- Daktarin on vulvovaginal candidiasis( VVC) patients during the pregnancy. Method: 68 cases of VVC patients during the pregnancy were selected and divided into the combined group and the control group randomly. Both groups were given Gyno- Daktarin in posterior fornix of vagina by one in the evening for three consecutive days. Additionally,the patients in the combined group were given Lacidophilin Vaginal Capsules in posterior fornix of vagina by two in the morning for five consecutive days. The patients in the control group were given the same medical treatment as that in combined group expect for Lacidophilin Vaginal Capsules in posterior fornix of vagina. The curative effect after 1 week's medical treatment was observed,and the reoccurrence rate after 3 months' medical treatment was followed up accordingly. Results: The total clinical efficiency of patients in the combined group was much higher than that in the control group( χ2= 6. 93,P 0. 01). The reoccurrence rates in the control group and the combined group were 13 and 4 cases respectively after 3 months' medical treatment,and the reoccurrence rate in the combined group was much lower than that in the control group( χ2= 6. 35,P 0. 05). Conclusion: Lacidophilin Vaginal Capsules combined with Gyno-Daktarin has reliable curative effect on Vulvovaginal Candidiasis( VVC) patients during the pregnancy,which can significantly reduce the reoccurrence rate and have treatment and prevent function of the reoccurrence hereof.


Based on coordination theoretical model of the coupling of the urbanization and ecological environment sys tem, 26 indicators were selected from the eight aspects to analyze the timing characteristics of urbanization and cou pling coordination of ecological environment from 2002 to 2011 in Dalian. It showed that coupling has been at a high level while coupling coordination has being developed into a high level from antagonizing period. It can be concluded that the development of urbanization is a threat to the ecological environment according to order parameters of the urban ization and the parameters of ecological environment.If the ecological environment were not improved, it would affect the coupling coordination.


1. India's Aid Resources in Macroeconomic Context 2. Aid and Poverty in India 3. Policy Dialogue 4. The Systemic Effects of Aid and Donor Procedures 5. Project Aid to India 6. Resource Management, Institution Building, and Technical Assistance 7 . Aid and Market Forces


The precious metals metallurgical engineering in the 21st century and its progress in the first 10 years were briefly introduced and compared with the foreign levels.Development trends and some advices were described.


Six heterogeneous wheat lines carrying six different types of Aegilops cytoplasm and belong to Chris were used to conduct the direct and reciprocal crosses with nine wheat varieties,which were widely adopted in wheat production,for systematically studying the effects of the six different types of cytoplasm on the protein contents in F_1 kernels as well as the effects of Ae.uniaristata cytoplasm and Ae.bicornis cytoplasm on the protein component contents in F_1 kernels.The results indicated that (1)78% of all the cross combinations with the materials carrying six different types of cytoplasm showed higher protein contents the reciprocal cross combination did.In particular,the positive effects of Ae.uniaristata cytoplasm and Ae.bicornis cytoplasm appeared the most significant and averagely increased by two percentage points with their highest increments amounting to 3.7 percentage points;(2)Ae.uniaristata cytoplasm and Ae.bicornis cytoplasm exerted the strongest influence on albumin and globin contents in the kernels but affected gliadin and glutelin contents in the kernels to a relatively lower extent with their effects varying with specific combinations.(3)The types of cytoplasm under study presented significant karyon-cytoplasm interactions in the protein contents and protein component contents of the kernels.Modifying the protein content and protein component contents in wheat kernels by dint of different types of heterogeneous cytoplasm was an effective approach and whether the modification came true depended on karyon-cytoplasm combinations.


In Nigeria, housing is grossly inadequate especially in urban area due to migration from rural area to urban area which results in poor environmental quality. In this paper, the cost analysis of 6 m x 6 m square suspended floor, constructed with reinforced concrete and wooden floor for housing units was carried out. The results show that wooden floor system is 21.6% cheaper than using reinforced concrete in construction. The use of timber in building construction should be encourage, as it will minimize the dead load and reduces the cost of building construction that will be sustainable and affordable for the low income earners.


We focus on the problem of image deconvolution from several shifted observations of an object for very low signal to noise ratio (SNR). Multiframe deconvolution consists in recovering the object from its different observations and requires the knowledge of the shifts among images. Therefore, we first study the shifts estimation with an empirical spectrum annulling estimator and propose to use a maximum likelihood (ML) estimator. ML estimation appears to be more robust to low SNR. Then, we show that joint estimation of the shifts and the image, in the generalized maximum likelihood sense is equivalent to the ML estimation of the shifts followed by a multiframe deconvolution.


The Christmas season is associated with preventable harms from cards, tree decorations, and presents, as well as overeating and overdrinking. Given the balance of benefits and harms, Christmas may not be cost effective.


The article covers a content model of training specialists focused on implementation of continuity in the cognitive development of preschool and primary school-age children. It describes variants of approaches to modeling of educational programs within major discipline 031100 "Pedagogy and methodology of preschool education" and supplementary discipline "Continuity of preschool and primary school education". The author gives data and qualitative description of the results, obtained during implementation of the developed model.


One kind of a phased array inspection systems and methods, in order to sweep over the surface to check the weld HSAW interior face of the conduit for all standard types and in the vicinity of both the outer surface of the crack, again during the scan without the need of surface detector mechanical adjustments. The structure includes using at least one detector for linear PA HAZ region immediately above the laminating inspection, at least one pair of probes for PA and longitudinal defect inspection hole and at least two pairs of detection probe for laterally PA defect inspection device.


The value and importance of Benchmark Evaluations is widely acknowledged. Benchmarks play a key role in many research projects. It takes time, a well-balanced team of domain specialists preferably with links to the user community and industry, and a strong involvement of the research community itself to establish a sound evaluation framework that includes (annotated) data sets, well-defined tasks that reflect the needs in the 'real world', a proper evaluation methodology, ground-truth, including a strategy for repetitive assessments, and last but not least, funding. Although the benefits of an evaluation framework are typically reviewed from a perspective of 'research output' --e.g., a scientific publication demonstrating an advance of a certain methodology-- it is important to be aware of the value of the process of creating a benchmark itself: it increases significantly the understanding of the problem we want to address and as a consequence also the impact of the evaluation outcomes. In this talk I will overview the history of a series of tasks focusing on audiovisual search emphasizing its 'multimodal' aspects, starting in 2006 with the workshop on 'Searching Spontaneous Conversational Speech' that led to tasks in CLEF and MediaEval ("Search and Hyperlinking"), and recently also TRECVid ("Video Hyperlinking"). The focus of my talk will be on the process rather than on the results of these evaluations themselves, and will address cross-benchmark connections, and new benchmark paradigms, specifically the integration of benchmarking in industrial 'living labs' that are becoming popular in some domains.


This paper deals with the extremals of some functionals defined on a given homotopy class of quasiconformal mappings between Riemann surfaces, clarifying and extending some results in the literature.


Magnetic multimodal nanoparticles and various hybrid magnetic nanostructures are currently an important class of promising functional compounds. Within the study, we carried out the spectrophotometric analysis of a wide range of core/shell nanoparticles obtained with the solvothermal synthesis in various media in relation to the plasmon properties of individual nanoparticles for their possible biomedical application.


In this paper we present the synthesis of the cam for a distribution mechanism used for Miller-Atkinson cycle and described in previous works. The input data contain the angles at which the valve opens and closes, respectively, the dimensions of the main parts, the maximum displacement of the valve. and the law of motion of the valve. The authors consider that the law of motion of the valve is described by numerical values, even if in the simulation process they use analytical formulae for this displacement. The head of the valve is considered to be circular. A particular case of flat head of the valve is also described. The relative displacement of the lever and the valve is discussed in two hypotheses: symmetric position and asymmetric position of the contact point with respect to the axis of the valve. The contact between the head of the valve is assured by a cylindrical roller. The contact between the cam and the lever is considered in two main cases: roller tappet and flat tappet. In all cases the cam is obtained by numerical synthesis using a convenient angular degree. A great attention is paid to the convexity of the cam. The resulted cam is transformed in a convex one using the Jarvis March. The authors also perform a comparison between the theoretical profile of the cam and the profile of the convex cam, and between the imposed law of motion of the valve and the real law of motion of the valve using the convex cam. The reduced velocity and acceleration are obtained in all cases. Some aspects of the wear are discussed using the relative linear and angular velocities. The inertia of the mechanism is discussed with the aid of linear and angular accelerations of the elements. The most important resulted tables and diagrams are also presented. The paper closes with a paragraph of conclusions.


The invention relates to an oxidation-resistant bottle. The oxidation-resistant bottle comprises a bottle body and a bottle stopper which is arranged on the bottle body. The bottle body comprises a body and a volume shrinkage module. An accommodating chamber is formed in the body. The volume shrinkage module comprises an accommodating membrane body, a mini air pump, a microprocessor and a switch; the accommodating membrane body is arranged in the accommodating chamber, a pneumatic chamber is formed between the accommodating membrane body and the body, the mini air pump and the microprocessor are adjacently arranged in the body, and the mini air pump communicates with the pneumatic chamber; the microprocessor is electrically connected to the mini air pump, in order to control and start the mini air pump to inflate the pneumatic chamber, so that the accommodating membrane body shrinks; the switch is arranged on the surface of the body and is electrically connected to the microprocessor, in order to trigger the microprocessor. The oxidation-resistant bottle can keep the effectiveness of reagents.


Boron-doped diamond thin-film electrodes display negligible fouling effects in the presence of high levels of surface-active materials, including proteins. Dramatic improvements in the stability of the analyte response (compared to common glassy carbon and carbon paste electrodes) are illustrated using bovine serum albumin (BSA), gelatin, and Triton X-100 in connection with repetitive square-wave voltammetric (SWV) measurements. The voltammetric response of ascorbic acid at the diamond electrode exhibits negligible shifts in peak potentials and minimal depressions of current signals over a wide range of surfactant concentrations (0–750 ppm). For example, the diamond electrode exhibited 70, 50 and 60 mV potential shifts for 10 repetitive voltammetric scans in the presence of 100 ppm BSA, gelatin and Triton X-100, respectively, compared to 120, 190, and 280 mV shifts observed at the glassy carbon electrode. Furthermore, only 4.3 and 6.2% of the initial current decays were observed in the presence of 100 ppm Triton X-100 and gelatin, respectively (compared to 45.2 and 34.4% diminutions at the glassy carbon electrode). Such improved performance was also confirmed from the SWV measurements of uric acid, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and catechol. The greatly improved resistance to surfactant interference reflects the fact that the as-grown diamond thin film, composed of oxide-free and hydrogen-terminated surface, has a relatively lower surface energy and minimal electrostatic attributes, either specific or general, so that little adsorption of surface-active agents occurs. The topographic AFM images of the diamond electrode surface confirm a negligible BSA fouling effect after repetitive SWV measurements. Such enhanced antifouling features make diamond electrodes very attractive for numerous real-life electroanalytical applications.


Backward and forward subsynchronous instability was observed in a flexible model test rotor under the influence of swirl flow in a straight-through labyrinth packing. The packing pressure drop at the onset of instability was then measured for a range of operating speeds, clearances and inlet swirl conditions. The trend in these measurements for forward swirl and forward instability is generally consistent with the short packing rotor force formulations of Benchert and Wachter. Diverging clearances were also destabilizing and had a forward orbit with forward swirl and a backward orbit with reverse swirl. A larger, stiff rotor model system is now being assembled which will permit testing steam turbine-type straight-through and hi-lo labyrinth packings. With calibrated and adjustable bearings in this new apparatus, direct measure of the net destabilizing force generated by the packings can be made.


Solutions of the Schrödinger equation with an exact time dependence are derived as eigenfunctions of dynamical invariants which are constructed from time-independent operators using time-dependent unitary transformations. Exact solutions and a closed form expression for the corresponding time evolution operator are found for a wide range of time-dependent Hamiltonians in d dimensions, including non-Hermitean -symmetric Hamiltonians. Hamiltonians are constructed using time-dependent unitary spatial transformations comprising dilatations, translations and rotations and solutions are found in several forms: as eigenfunctions of a quadratic invariant, as coherent state eigenfunctions of boson operators, as plane wave solutions from which the general solution is obtained as an integral transform by means of the Fourier transform, and as distributional solutions for which the initial wavefunction is the Dirac δ-function. For the isotropic harmonic oscillator in d dimensions radial solutions are found which extend known results for d = 1, including Barut–Girardello and Perelomov coherent states (i.e., vector coherent states), which are shown to be related to eigenfunctions of the quadratic invariant by the ζ-transformation. This transformation, which leaves the Ermakov equation invariant, implements SU(1, 1) transformations on linear dynamical invariants. coherent states are derived also for the time-dependent linear potential. Exact solutions are found for Hamiltonians with electromagnetic interactions in which the time-dependent magnetic and electric fields are not necessarily spatially uniform. As an example, it is shown how to find exact solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the Dirac magnetic monopole in the presence of time-dependent magnetic and electric fields of a specified form.


This study was aimed to synthesize N-phenylpyrazoline derivative and evaluate its antimalarial activity. The pyrazoline was synthesized from chalcone derivative through a cyclo- condensation reaction. Moreover, chalcone derivative was prepared from 4-chlorobenzaldehyde and 4-chloroacetophenone through Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The structure elucidation of the products was performed by FTIR, GC-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectrometers. The antimalarial assay was conducted by inhibition of heme polymerization. The chalcone was obtained as a white solid in 83% yield, while N-phenylpyrazoline derivative was obtained as brown solid in 70% yield. The IC50 values of chalcone and N-phenylpyrazoline derivatives as well as a positive control (chloroquine diphosphate) were 98.66, 20.83, and 3.54 mg/mL, respectively. The results showed that both chalcone and N-phenylpyrazoline derivatives had lower antimalarial activity than the positive control. Molecular docking studies were also performed to explain the mode of action of chalcone and N-phenyl pyrazoline as antimalarial agent.


Short basalt fibres (BFs) have recently gained significant interest in the building materials sector due to their superior mechanical characteristics and cheaper manufacturing cost than other fibre types. Drying shrinkage and the early-age cracking of concrete are the root cause of many durability issues in the long run. Including small dosages of fibres within concrete composites has been shown as an effective technique to minimise drying shrinkage rates and reduce the crack widths developed due to plastic shrinkage cracking. Nevertheless, limited research studies have investigated the influence of short and long BFs with different dosages on the drying shrinkage rates and early-age cracking of geopolymer composites. In the present study, self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) using fly ash and slag as the binder is mixed with anhydrous sodium metasilicate powder as an alkali-activator. The study aims to investigate the influence of short (12 mm), long (30 mm) and hybrid-length (1:3 (short/long)) BFs with 1%, 1.5% and 2% dosages on the drying shrinkage properties and plastic shrinkage cracking of SCGC. The study results showed that adding BFs to SCGC reduces the drying shrinkage rates compared to plain SCGC, and SCGC reinforced with a 2% dosage of hybrid-length BFs recorded the lowest drying shrinkage rate. Two methods were used to measure crack widths: manual measurement (crack width gauge) and image analysis. No plastic shrinkage cracks were identified in mixes reinforced with 12 mm (1.5% and 2% dosages), 30 mm and hybrid-length BFs.


Rough set theory is a mathematical technique to address the issues of uncertainty and vagueness in knowledge. An ideal is considered to be a crucial extension of this theory. It is an efficacious tool to dispose of vagueness and uncertainties by helping us to approximate the rough set in a more general manner. Minimizing the boundary region is one of the pivotal and substantial themes for studying the rough sets which consequently aim to maximize the accuracy measure. An ideal is one of the effective and successful followed methods to achieve this goal perfectly. So, the objective of this work is to present new methods for rough sets by using ideals. Some important characteristics of these methods are scrutinized and demonstrated to show that they yield accuracy measures greater and higher than the former ones in the other approaches. Finally, two medical applications are introduced to show the significance of utilizing the ideals in the proposed methods.


This paper explains the law of athletic training and its feature for teen-age athletes,The importance of adhering to principle of moderation in training and handling interprets the relationship between quantity of load and intensity of load in training correctly and scientifically,which can improve practical results for teen-age athletes.


This research aims to compose learning material which contains definitive macroscopic, microscopic and symbolic to analyze students' conceptual understanding in acid-base learning materials. This research was conducted in eleven grade, natural science class, senior high school 1 (SMAN 1) Karangtengah, Demak province, Indonesia as the low level of students' conceptual understanding and the high level of students' misconception. The data collecting technique is by test to assess the cognitive aspect, questionnaire to assess students' responses to multi representative learning materials (definitive, macroscopic, microscopic, symbolic), and observation to assess students' macroscopic aspects. Three validators validate the multi-representative learning materials (definitive, macroscopic, microscopic, symbolic). The results of the research show that the multi-representative learning materials (definitive, macroscopic, microscopes, symbolic) being used is valid in the average score 62 of 75. The data is analyzed using the descriptive qualitative method. The results of the research show that 72.934 % students understand, 7.977 % less understand, 8.831 % do not understand, and 10.256 % misconception. In comparison, the second experiment class shows 54.970 % students understand, 5.263% less understand, 11.988 % do not understand, 27.777 % misconception. In conclusion, the application of multi representative learning materials (definitive, macroscopic, microscopic, symbolic) can be used to analyze the students' understanding of acid-base materials.


We present criteria to determine when numerical integration of seismic data will incur operator aliasing. Although there are many ways to handle operator aliasing, they add expense to the computational task. This is especially true in three dimensions. A twodimensional Kirchhoff migration example illustrates that the image zone of interest may not always require anti-aliasing and that considerable cost may be spared by not incorporating it.


This experimental research examines the effect of message framing (gains vs losses) for a health communication promoting Pap smears on behavioral intentions in a new way: by suggesting a moderation by the objective of the recommended behavior (prevention vs detection), which is, in turn, mediated by the valence (positive vs negative) of mental images. An experiment conducted on 271 women highlights that message framing affects behavioral intentions when the recommended behavior is detection-related. These effects are explained through the valence of visual mental images. The results are discussed, and avenues for further research, especially those arising from the study limitations, are proposed.


This paper utilizes data from the PEEC 1971-72 Survey and other related information to demonstrate a feasible system of criteria for identifying schools which have developed substantial electric power engineering programs. Recommendations are made for refining and extending the concept to establish an official list of outstanding electric power engineering curricula. A proposal is also made that the Power Engineering Education Committee of the Power Engineering Society should establish a sub-committee to periodically name a limited number of schools which have developed outstanding power programs.


The snakes from the Cueva Tixi archeologic site (Late Pleistocene-Holocene) in the Sierras de Tandilia area, are described. The remains consist mainly in precaudal isolated vertebrae. The colubrids Clelia rustica (Cope) and Philodryas patagoniensis (Girard) and the viperid Bothrops aliernaius (Dumeril et al.) are identified; the latter species is the most abundant. The three species are common in the Sierras de Tandilia area at presento C/elia rustica and P. patagoniensis are recorded from the middle Holocene onwards, and B. alternatus since the late Pleistocene.


D Swaminathan , J Moran and M Addy, "The effect of detergents on removal of chlorhexidine Stain", J Dent Res 1996, Vol 75, Abs 563, Pg. 88.


The pervasiveness and sheer ubiquity of wearables, such as smartwatches, has given rise to a myriad of privacy concerns. In this paper, we examine the privacy issues which arise from the permission requests framework on Apple wearables and explore how end user's perception of these can inform better and more inclusive privacy. We conduct an empirical study which explores issues pertaining to data protection, safety, trust, ethics, and cybersecurity. We conducted two Amazon Mechanical Turk studies that investigate users' perception on app permission requests for different smartwatch applications. Our findings suggest that most users lack proper understanding of the cybersecurity risks posed and were unable to construe the rationale for permissions requests for popular smartwatch applications. Furthermore, the respondents believed that app developers might misuse their data, thereby, indicating lack of trust towards these app development enterprises. The respondents also believe that the application development companies should be held accountable for their alleged involvement in data breaches and privacy issues. Further, the majority of survey respondents indicated having some unease towards data usage policies of developers. Moreover, respondents consider all common types of private data (location, health and fitness, photos etc.) susceptible to some level of data breach. Lastly, our results indicate that the study participants experienced confusion in the 'usability' versus 'security' conundrum-while a bare majority of the users wanted ease of access, a similar minority preferred a higher level of security. We conclude by presenting a discussion to the quandaries that can help us interweave towards reliable, secure, trustworthy, and ethical technologies.


The FRC is responsible for promoting high quality corporate governance and reporting to foster investment. We set the UK Corporate Governance and Stewardship Codes as well as UK standards for accounting, auditing and actuarial work. We represent UK interests in international standard-setting. We also monitor and take action to promote the quality of corporate reporting and auditing. We operate independent disciplinary arrangements for accountants and actuaries, and oversee the regulatory activities of the accountancy and actuarial professional bodies. The FRC does not accept any liability to any party for any loss, damage or costs howsoever arising, whether directly or indirectly, whether in contract, tort or otherwise from any action or decision taken (or not taken) as a result of any person relying on or otherwise using this document or arising from any omission from it.


Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of Hcy in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease(CHD)by analyzing the results of plasma homocysteine(Hcy)determination in 120 cases.Methods:60 cases of patients with CHD from January 2006 to June 2009 in our hospital were selected as the CHD group,and 60 cases of healthy people were se-lected as the normal control group.The determination results of plasma Hcy levels measured by using gradient elution high performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection were analyzed between CHD group and normal control group.Results:The plasma Hcy levels of CHD group with single vessel were significantly higher than those of the normal control group,there was a statistically significant difference between them(P0.05).The plasma Hcy levels of the CHD with multi-vessel were significantly higher than those of the normal control group,there was a statistically significant difference between them(P0.05).The plasma Hcy levels of CHD group with multi-vessel were significantly higher than those of CHD group with single vessel,there was a statistically significant difference between them(P0.01).Conclusion:The plasma Hcy level of the patients with CHD is higher than that of the normal people.Furthermore,the more vessels involved,the higher level of Hcy.As a good biochemical indicator screening for cardiovascular disease,it has a great significance on the early diagnosis and treatment of CHD.


The spreading of an evaporating liquid on a solid surface occurs in many practical processes and is of importance in a number of practical situations such as painting, textile dyeing, coating, gluing, and thermal engineering. Typical processes involving heat transfer where the contact angle plays an important role are film cooling, boiling, and the heat transfer through heat pipes. The biological phenomenon of cell spreading also is analogous to a drop spreading (ref. 1). In the study of spreading, the dynamic contact angle describes the interfacial properties on solid substrates and, therefore, has been studied by physicists and fluid mechanics investigators. The dynamic contact angle of a spreading nonvolatile liquid drop provides a simple tool in the study of the free-boundary problem, but the study of the spreading of a volatile liquid drop is of more practical interest because the evaporation of common liquids is inevitable in practical processes. The most common method to measure the contact angle, the contact radius, and the height of a sessile drop on a solid surface is to view the drop from its edge through an optical microscope. However, this method gives only local information in the view direction. Zhang and Yang (ref. 2) developed a laser shadowgraphy method to investigate the evaporation of sessile drop on a glass plate. As described here, Zhang and Chao (refs. 3 and 4) improved the method and suggested a new optical arrangement to measure the dynamic contact angle and the instant evaporation rate of a sessile drop with much higher accuracy (less than 1 percent). With this method, any fluid motion in the evaporating drop can be visualized through shadowgraphy without using a tracer, which often affects the field under investigation.


Background: The present study emphasizes effective, quality, individualized and humanized care, in addition to reducing the wait for care in emergency rooms and reducing the costs of institutions providing health services. Objective: Identify how mobile applications can enable the provision of quality, fast and humanized nursing home care to the patient. Method: It is an integrative literature review, in which the Health Sciences Descriptors "biomedical technology", "home care", "nursing care" and "smartphone" were used, in the time frame between 2017 and 2020 in the databases PubMed Central data, Database in Nursing and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences. For the analysis, the Content Thematic was established. Results: Eleven studies were selected that met the eligibility criteria, resulting in the thematic categorization divided into: Development of applications for health care, assessment and education and Use of applications for health care. Conclusion: Assistance applications have their validity and importance, such as monitoring and welcoming the patient, as well as recording the patient's history in each application, however, assistance at home prevents the patient's displacement, waits in service queues, in addition to consist of individualized and humanized care, as valued by the holistic view that nursing and health professionals in general must have to provide healthcare.


Abstract : In the near future, commanders and their respective staffs will interact with subordinate and opposing forces whose physical and cognitive behaviors are represented in software and simulation. This paper presents a model of the human factors and environmental variables that influence stress and risk assessment. These variables contribute to situational awareness, which is a force protection issue. Leaders integrate information from various sources. These sources range from observations, training, orders, and reports. The leaders use this knowledge with doctrine and tactics to develop an understanding of the situation. This paper describes a Bayesian network model of the variables associated with risk assessment and stress in combat scenarios. The level of situational awareness is determined by what the commander knows about the unit and the surrounding conditions. This model lends structure to the environment and enables a probabilistic interpretation of risk and stress levels. This model is applicable to various combat scenarios ranging from brief engagements to sustained operations.


This discussion is focused on some experiences of semester-long course projects. At Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), the first year laboratory courses (150 students per semester) are semester-long projects. We have adapted the Small World Initiative project (antibiotics from soil bacteria) and have devised and adapted other projects as a lens to teach laboratory techniques and engage our beginning scientists in authentic inquiry. Examples include Daphnia ecotoxicology and Fall tree studies. This past year has been challenging with the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to adapt laboratory courses to include students who are learning online, as well as planning for a pivot to online for the entire class. At the University of Kentucky (UK), in a Jr/Sr level Animal Physiology Course with a lab (120 students per semester) and a neurophysiology lab (Sr level) with 16 students we have focused on a theme this year with the effect of bacterial induced sepsis and to focus in on the direct effect of endotoxin (Lipopolysaccharides, LPS) from gram-negative bacteria. This was approached as authentic scientific inquiry. The novel investigation appeared to stimulate student engagement and curiosity. In the neurophysiology class the project turned into a publication with all students as co-authors. In the animal physiology course, the topic was woven through the various bodily systems from the cell level to the whole body. What students found interesting is how little is known on the direct effects of LPS as compared to the downstream actions of cytokines. To bridge this across kingdoms, the effects of LPS on root growth in plants and sensitivity to subsequent exposure as a defense mechanism were compared. Firstpage


Interval-censored data are ubiquitous in clinical studies where actual time-to-event is difficult to measure. A number of nonparametric tests have been proposed to conduct a two-sample test using interval-censored data, and these tests can be used for assessing and comparing treatment effects over the control group. Alternatively, as commonly perceived, parametric tests can also be used assuming data are generated from a parametric family of distributions. To provide some guidance on choosing an appropriate method, in this paper, the performance of parametric tests and a series of nonparametric tests are compared through extensive simulation studies that cover a wide range of scenarios with varying sample sizes, varying censoring mechanisms and varying alternative hypotheses. For the purpose of illustration, we also apply these procedures to analyse three real datasets.


Part 1 Cerebral cortex, excitatory amino acids, and their receptors: The anatomy of the cerebral cortex - aspects of neuronal morphology and organization, Stewart H.C. Hendry Diverse neuronal functions of the cerebral cortex, Barry W. Connors et al Calcium channels and the regulation of glutamate exocytosis, David G, Nicholls et al Glutamate receptor subunit composition in principal neurons and interneurons of the central nervous system, Maria Vincenza Catania et al Physiology of NMDA receptors and synaptic currents, Shaul Hestrin Physiology of AMPA receptors - biophysical characteristics that subserve integrative roles of synapses, Laurence O. Trussell, Thomas S. Otis Metabotropic glutamate receptors and cerebral cortex, Ferdinando Nicoletti et al. Part 2 Anatomy and physiology of excitatory amino acids in the cerebral cortex - I. form and functional (organizational aspects): The anatomy of glutamatergic transmission in the cerebral cortex, Fiorenzo Conti, Andrea Minelli Physiology of glutamatergic transmission in the cerebral cortex, Alex M. Thomson et al Excitatory amino acids in thalamocortical transmission, Richard J. Weinberg, Viktor N. Kharazia Mechanisms of dynamic afferent information processing in sensory neocortex, Raju Metherate, John H. Ashe Excitatory amino acids in corticofugal projections - microscopic evidence, Viktor N. Kharazia et al Physiological studies of the role of excitatory amino acids and their receptors in corticofugal projections, Thomas E. salt, Sean A. Eaton Muscarinic modulation of excitatory synaptic responses in cortical neurons, Robert W. Baughman et al. Part 3 Anatomy and physiology of excitatory amino acids in the cerebral cortex - II. molecular, cellular, and developmental (signalling) aspects: Inotropic glutamate receptors in vertebrate glial cells, Frank Kirchhoff, Helmut Kettenmann Astrocyte-neuron signalling, Vladimir Parpura et al Nitric oxide-synthesizing neurons in the cerebral cortex - anatomy and functional implications, Chiya Aoki et al The effects of nitric oxide on cortical function, Joseph A. Gally The role of excitatory amino acids in cortical development, Arnold R. Kriegstein et al Functional expression of NMDA receptors in developing neurons, N. Traverse Slater, David J. Rossi. (Part contents).


The effect of addition of rare earths in Fe based high chromium alloy powder system on elements distribution in ferrous matrix and its mechanical properties was studied. The results show that the addition of element cerium can increase the chromium amount in carbide and enhance the microhardness of carbide, which can increase the wear resistant property of material.


De novo primer development is cost intensive and time-consuming, therefore using primers developed for other species on the target species is a more preferred alternative. In the present study, a total of 47 primer pairs from P. taeda, P. merkusii, P. resinosa and P. densiflora were used for trans-specific amplification of P. kesiya. It was observed that only 5 (10.6%) primer pairs out of 47 transferred in P. kesiya which may be due to the phylogenetic distance of the target species from the source species. The expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.490 to 0.603 with a mean of 0.540 and the observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.044 to 0.819 with a mean of 0.342. The study has shown that the nuclear SSR markers can be utilized for estimating the genetic structure of P. kesiya populations. Results of the present work will go a long way in implementing proper strategies for the better management and conservation of P. kesiya forests and initiating tree improvement programmes in this species.


Introduction: Vitamin D is an essential nutrient and a group of fat-soluble pro-hormones with multiple functions in the body including bone health, regulation of serum calcium and phosphate levels, as well as roles in immune function, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The two major biologically inert precursors of vitamin D are vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Vitamin D3 is also formed when the skin is exposed to solar ultraviolet B and then converted to pre-vitamin D3 (Sunshine Vitamin). The severe vitamin D deficiency in adults and children's causes softening of bones, muscle weakness and fractures.
Aim: The aim of the study is to explore knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Vitamin D among Arts & Commerce students in Vels University Chennai.
Methods and Materials: The study was a prospective cross-sectional, carried out in the department of arts and commerce students in VISTAS Chennai. The questionnaire then underwent a series of validation process that included content, face validity and exploratory part. Item response theory (IRT) analysis was utilized for the validation of the knowledge domain. Exploratory factor Analysis (EFA) used for attitude and practice validation. Institutional Ethical Committee (VISTAS-SPS/IEC/VI/2020/05) approval was obtained before conducting the study. Self-online questionnaires link was sent via mail after registration. The questionnaire was divided based on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice with 5 questions each. Completed questionnaires were reviewed, entered into a database (SPSS) and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results and Discussion: In our study, a total of 362 students were included where majority were males from first year commerce department around 18 to 19 years of age. Majority of the students had knowledge on vitamin D, attitude towards every day sun exposure and practice of using sun screens.
Conclusion: Our study concluded that the students' knowledge on vitamin D is good. There was an inconsistent practices towards managing its deficiency. Despite widespread, concern about vitamin D, still attitude and practice towards Vitamin D is yet to known for young generations.


An object of the present invention, radical curable resin having both terminal (meth) acryloyl group (A), the polymerizable unsaturated monomer (B), the radical polymerization containing paraffin wax (C), the curing accelerator (D) in rESIN composition, by containing a specific (meth) acrylic copolymer having excellent compatibility with the composition, and excellent improvement in resistance to tire contamination resistance after curing of the radically curable resin composition radical-polymerizable resin composition capable of obtaining physical properties, pavement material using the same, and there is provided a pavement structure.


Structural failure of hazardous waste management facilities and consequent undesirable environmental and human health effects can result from natural and human-made hazards in sensitive environments. Potential hazards include catastrophic release of toxic materials into water, soil, and air; rapid and widespread transport of hazardous contaminants; and impracticable cleanup measures. Site-specific factors and facility type control the magnitude of the above-stated risks. Various approaches can be adopted to minimize potential facility damages and environmental degradation, including control of the facility's location and design conservatism. Since a host of economic and administrative factors are important to hazardous waste facility siting, the provision of incentives to facility planners to adopt good siting practices may enhance the implementation of siting plans that reduce risk. Several environments are assessed for their sensitivity to damages from hazardous waste installations. Measures of minimizing risk through location and design controls are discussed. Within the 1984 Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (Public Law 98-616), codified at 42 U.S.C. §§6912, 6924(a), and 6924(o)(7), Section 3004(o)(7) requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to "specify criteria for the 'Opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors. They do not represent any current or future policy or regulations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.


Analysis of virological and clinical outcomes from a randomized trial that was terminated early suggest that combined treatment of seasonal influenza in adult outpatients with oseltamivir plus zanamivir is no more effective than either oseltamivir or zanamivir monotherapy.


Ectopic gestation can be present at various parts of the tube; the most common site being the ampulla. If it occurs in the interstitial region, it is called cornual gestation. 2-4% of ectopic gestation can be in the cornual region. Management depends upon the time at diagnosis. Early cornual gestation can be managed medically while advanced cornual gestation needs surgery that may range from conservative to radical depending upon clinical presentation. Th e mortality rate due to rupture of a cornual pregnancy can range from 2 to 2.5% if not managed promptly. Th e high mortality rate is due to the presence of increased vascularity of the cornual region. A case report of a cornual pregnancy and its management is being presented.


The authors report toward a monocentric retrospective and descriptive study on a 08 year period, 33 cases of knee osteoarticular tuberculosis (OAT) of adult, certified by bacteriologic and/or histolological evidence proof of the sample (synovial biopsy) after a knee arthrotomy. There were 07 cases of arthritis and 26 cases of osteoarthritis. The treatment of knee OAT was medical (anti-tubercular poly-chemotherapy) on one year duration. The surgery was useful in front of some clinical presentations. After a minimum of 18 months, a functional evaluation was done following the Lequesne algo-functionnal index. None had signs of local recurrence testifying the adequacy of medical treatment, even if it is long and binding. The main of our case series is to establish an epidemiological, clinical and biological profile of the knee tuberculosis of adult and to research elements of prognosis through an analysis of results.


Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) is a powerful technique to study the properties of semiconductors. However, the interpretation of the data can be cumbersome when non-ideal band edge absorption takes place, as is the case in the presence of potential fluctuations. In this study, PL measurements are modeled to quantify potential fluctuations in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layers for photovoltaic applications. Previous models have attributed these variations to either bandgap fluctuations (BGFs) or electrostatic fluctuations (EFs). In reality, these two phenomena happen simultaneously and, therefore, affect the PL together. For this, the unified potential fluctuation (UPF) model is introduced. This model incorporates the effect of both types of fluctuations on the absorptance of the material and subsequently the PL spectra. The UPF model is successfully used to fit both single- and three-stage co-evaporated ultrathin (around 500 nm) CIGS samples, showing a clear improvement with respect to the previous BGF and EF models. Some PL measurements show possible interference distortions for which an interference function is used to simultaneously correct the PL spectra of a sample measured with several laser excitation intensities. All the models used in this work are bundled into a user-friendly, open-source Python program.


Abstract : The U. S. Army Aviation Epidemiology Data Register (AEDR is an automated database which allows electronic storage, analysis, and retrieval of information of the Flying duty Medical Examination (FDME). The FDME consists of a completed Report of Medical History (standard form (SF) 93), Report of Physical Examination (SF 88), Report of Electrocardiogram SF 520) with the electrocardiogram tracing, and for certain classes of FDME, additional information on lifestyle factors and family history. Demographic data, patient history, physician history, physical findings, screening tests, and diagnoses information are included on these forms, each of which has a unique value in health care, administration, and research, and each of which must be handled differently in the AEDR. Demographic and screening test results are entered directly from the FDME to the AEDR. History, physical findings, and diagnoses are translated into a standardized alphanumeric code, a modification of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Because of the unique characteristics of the military aviation environment, the ICD is inadequate to support all the clinical, administrative, and research functions of the AEDR. The ICD has been supplemented with additional diagnostic codes to provide extra specificity, codes for physical findings and electrocardiograms, and codes to automate the administrative process. These codes are present and discussed.


Background: Laparotomy wound dehiscence is still a puzzle for most of the surgeons. Mortality associated with dehiscence has been estimated at 10-30%. Patients undergoing emergency laparotomy suffer from one of these comorbid conditions which are detrimental to healing. In this scenario interrupted suturing has been found to give good strength and have less incidence of wound dehiscence. The objective of the study was to compare the incidence of abdominal wound dehiscence in emergency midline laparotomy.Methods: This study was conducted on 300 consecutive patients undergoing emergency midline laparotomy in the Department of Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital. Methods group-A: closed by suturing the rectus sheath using polydioxanone suture 1-0 (PDS) in continuous layer suturing method. group-B: closed by suturing the rectus sheath using polydioxanone suture 1-0 in interrupted layer suturing method.Results: The mean age in group A was 40.47 years and 37.47 in group B. In Group A 20.1% patients had burst abdomen and 5.4% in group B.Conclusions: Interrupted closure of abdominal wall fascia is better in emergency laparotomy as compared to continuous closure.


We discuss and illustrate by several examples how the ultrafast excited-state dynamics of a chromophore can be altered when changing its environment from a homogenous solution to a biological molecule such as proteins or nucleic acids.


A polarization preserving single-mode microfiber was successfully fabricated by a flame brushing method. A polarization extinction ratio of 16dB is typically maintained through the device with excess loss of 0.2dB.


This paper presents a daily peak load forecasting method using an analyzable structured neural network (ASNN) in order to explain forecasting reasons. In this paper, we propose a new training method for ASNN in order to explain forecasting reason more properly than the conventional training method. ASNN consists of two types of hidden units. One type of hidden units has connecting weights between the hidden units and only one group of related input units. Another one has connecting weights between the hidden units and all input units. The former type of hidden units allows to explain forecasting reasons. The latter type of hidden units ensures the forecasting performance. The proposed training method make the former type of hidden units train only independent relations between the input factors and output, and make the latter type of hidden units train only complicated interactions between input factors. The effectiveness of the proposed neural network is shown using actual daily peak load. ASNN trained by the proposed method can explain forecasting reasons more properly than ASNN trained by the conventional method. Moreover, the proposed neural network can forecast daily peak load more accurately than conventional neural network trained by the back propagation algorithm.


This is a qualitative research study which seeks to uncover barriers that prevent homeless older men from accessing support programs and services in Toronto, Ontario. This study involved five men who are fifty years of age and older and are currently homeless in Toronto. The recruitment process for this study was conducted in a drop-in centre located in the downtown Toronto area. The lived experiences of the research participants is critically relevant to this qualitative study, since the information the men provided has been used to amplify participant demands, challenge oppressive relations and structures, and create awareness at the legal and political level.


NATO decisions are the expression of the collective will of its member goverments. Under the rule, no Ally can be forced to approve an action against its will. Consensus rule allows NATO to respect distinctive national/egis/ation. Through the rule, NATO cab build political and military solidarity. The consensus rule forces Allieas to undertake the widest possibler consultations to build support for their ideas.


BACKGROUND
Although the use of quality of care indicators based on data collected for administrative purposes has become widespread, the relationship between those measures and clinical outcomes has yet to be evaluated.

RESEARCH DESIGN
This study used hierarchical linear modeling to examine the relationship between 12 performance indicators derived from administrative data sets and 6 clinical outcome measures addressing symptoms, substance abuse, and social functions.

SUBJECTS
Patient interviews were conducted with 4,165 veterans 4 months after their discharge from 62 specialized VA inpatient programs for treatment of Posttraumatic Stress disorder.

RESULTS
Five of twelve administrative measures were significantly associated with at least one of the clinical outcome measures, which was all in the expected directions. The number of hospital readmissions during the 6 months after the index discharge was significantly related to poor outcomes on all 5 of 6 measures. Measures of readmission and post-discharge hospital use were more strongly and consistently related to outcome than to measures of access, intensity, or continuity of outpatient care.

CONCLUSION
Administrative data, especially measures of hospital readmission, are significantly related to clinical outcomes. Correlations, however, are small to modest in magnitude indicating that these 2 types of performance measures assess different aspects of quality and can not be substituted for one another.


1. Abstract It is already known that interaction with a product can be the cause of emotional experiences, as any social interaction between people (Desmet et al., 2016). Emotions establish a person's position in a given situation: negative emotions move us away from products that do not represent a benefit, while positive emotions bring us closer to products that represent a benefit for our well-being (Desmet and Hekkert, 2007). Positive or negative emotions can be triggered by all designed products, services, technologies, and systems (Desmet, 2012). Emotions can affect human cognition and behaviours: memory, attention, decision making, and actions are guided by emotions (Coppin and Sander, 2016).


The polarization of the rich and the poor in our country has been quite serious,which surely effects the construction of harmonious society.The main course that gives rise to this question lies in that the negative influence on the market economy isn't effectively controlled,the efficiency is unilaterally stressed,which results in the unfair distribution.The reform of state-run enterprise makes many staff and workers unemployed and reduced to poverty,a few bosses of civilian-run enterprises and upper administrative managers of the state-run enterprises suddenly get rich.All this shows the policy direction of the reform is very important.It is very important to pay much attention to social fairness and harmony,remove the polarization between the rich and the poor,and to take realizing common prosperity as the fundamental purpose for the development of economy.


Review of the medical and audiologic literature indicates that MIHL occurs among musicians, with varying incidences ranging up to 58% in classical musicians and up to 30% in rock/pop musicians. In addition, studies show that musicians routinely face sound pressure levels (SPLs) in potentially hazardous ranges, extending up to 120-130 dBA only 3 feet from the speaker in amplified rock/pop bands, 83-112 dBA on stage in various orchestras, and 80-101 dBA on stage in jazz, blues, and country and western bands.


In this contribution, we present a spatio-temporal coherent beam combining setup in a proof-of-principle experiment with an entirely fiber-coupled front-end. Unlike in previous experiments, where the temporal pulse division was achieved using free-space optical delay lines, the pulses are taken directly from the pulse train of the oscillator. Thereby, the free-space paths and the alignment requirement are cut in half. The combination inevitably remains in free-space considering application in high-power lasers. For the combination of 4 temporally separated pulses, a combining efficiency larger than 95% is demonstrated. The efficiency is largely independent of the combined pulse energy and temporal contrasts close to the theoretically estimated maximum are reached. Potentially, this approach allows for self-optimization of the combination due to the many degrees of freedom accessible with the electro-optic modulators.


A case-study has been done to analyze the 500 MW boiler performance located in middle part of India, manufactured by M/s BHEL (C.E. design). At the power plant consideration, it was observed that they were operating the boiler with high excess air and the soot blowers were being operated once in 10 days. In this paper, an attempt has been made to increase the efficiency of the boiler by making certain changes such as reduction in excess air and increasing the frequency of using soot blowers. It was concluded that the efficiency of the boiler can be improved by at least 1.41% over the existing efficiency. For the evaluation of boiler efficiency the "heat losses method" was applied. With an increase of efficiency by 1.41%, 30,000 MT of fuel can be saved as compared to annual consumption of 2.38 million tonnes of coal for 500 MW boilers. By this we can secure access to all sources of energy including coal, oil and gas supplies worldwide for boilers, till the end of the fossil fuel era, which is fast approaching and it will ensure us that our country will be able to supply energy to all its citizens at affordable costs at all times.


Electron-induced triple differential cross sections (TDCSs) have been obtained for the few outer sub-shells of tungsten atoms, namely W (6s), W (5d), W (5p) and W (4f). Tungsten and related materials have been recommended as the prime candidates for wall materials in fusion plasma devices. The electron-induced cross-section data are strongly required for the diagnostics and modeling of plasma in such devices. We observe that the trends of TDCSs obtained for the ionization of W (5d) sub-shells are very different from the TDCSs of W (6s), W (5p) and W (4f) in terms of binary and recoil peak locations as well as in the change of magnitude of TDCS with an increasing value of momentum transfer which is due to the open d-shell. The angle and energy-resolved cross-section data of tungsten atoms may be of vital importance in order to understand the spectroscopy of W atoms as wall materials as well as an impurity.


Based on the experimental study on the electrochemical properties of Zn-Al-Cd anodes at elevated temperatures in seawater,a hypothesis is postulated in this paper that aluminum segregation at the grain-boundaries of Zn-Al-Cd alloys would activate the anodes,but the action would decrease with increasing content of Al.The paper also proposes that the existence of Al containing segregats at grain boundaries may facilitate the intergranular corrosion of Zn-Al-Cd alloys in hot seawater,and the hydrogen diffusion would act as a catalyst so that aggravate the corrosion.This mechanism can satisfactorily explain the corrosion behavior of the alloys in the experiments.The relation between the change of the potential-time curves and the spallation of corrosion-products was also studied in the paper.


In order to further analyze the relationship between the coating mechanism of microorganisms and their drug resistance, a study of ocular bacterial drug resistance considering the coating mechanism of microorganisms was proposed. Firstly, the mechanism of drug resistance was analyzed, and on this basis, the experimental study was carried out. Staphylococcus aureus DH5 with RP4 was used as the control α( R) Objective to investigate the relationship between drug-resistant bacteria and coating mechanism in the cross genus conjugation system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOi and donor bacteria. The conclusion is that: under the condition that the horizontal transfer of drug-resistant genes between transgeneric bacteria in biofilm is inhibited, the frequency of drug-resistant gene conjugation and transfer gradually decreases, and the inhibition of the formation of drug-resistant bacterial biofilm will directly lead to the decrease of bacterial drug resistance.


it possible to conceive of Bergjrora without a name, or Gudrun? King Arthur's queen has no name in, for example, the Ivens saga or the Erex saga, and neither does iven's lady. The queen may be rather unimportant, when the story is all told, but surely not the lady. What must a medieval Scandinavian have thought of such a "nameless" situation? We shall probably never know, of course, but let us consider quite seriously now the names in one specific text of foreign origin and see something of what they can tell us. Name material can be of interest per se. This is true in general for any saga text, but it is especially true for the medieval Scandinavian Arthurian sagas which should be of interest to others besides the Scandinavianists. A consideration of the names can even have very practical value. If a text editor is confronted by a number of manuscripts with a complicated interrelationship, it may be helpful to isolate certain groups of distinctive elements in the text and see what relationships they indicate. Names can serve as one such group. They have, of course, no greater validity than any other element in the text, and any relationship suggested by them must be tested against other evidence. But names are distinctive, and they can be helpful for general orientation or even for questions of more detail. They can also be helpful for a comparison with the foreign original in an attempt to determine the manuscript class from which the translation derives. I shall here consider some of the names in the Ivens saga where the interrelationship of the manuscripts is indeed complicated, far more so than the previous editions indicate. Ivens saga is a Scandinavian prose version of Chretien de Troyes' Yvain, one of the central documents of Arthurian literature. At the end of the saga a statement is made to the effect that King Hakon the Old (Hakonarson, 1217-63) had the translation made. The saga is preserved in two fifteenth-century Icelandic vellums (Holm 6 4to, and AM 489 4to), six seventeenth-century paper manuscripts (Holm 46 fol., AM 179 fol., AM 181a fol., AM 588a 4to, British Museum Add. 4857,


Preface Scatterplots and Maps Profiles and the Profile Space Masses and Centroids Chi-Square Distance and Inertia Plotting Chi-Square Distances Reduction of Dimensionality Optimal Scaling Symmetry of Row and Column Analyses Two-Dimensional Maps Three More Examples Contributions to Inertia Supplementary Points Correspondence Analysis Biplots Transition and Regression Relationships Clustering Rows and Columns Multiway Tables Stacked Tables Multiple Correspondence Analysis Joint Correspondence Analysis Scaling Properties of MCA Subset Correspondence Analysis Analysis of Square Tables Data Recoding Canonical Correspondence Analysis Aspects of Stability and Inference Appendix A: Theory of Correspondence Analysis Appendix B: Computation of Correspondence Analysis Appendix C: Bibliography of Correspondence Analysis Appendix D: Glossary of Terms Appendix E: Epilogue Index


Abstract : Thin films of WSi2 with resistivities of 30-35 microohms-cm (among the lowest reported) have been formed by sputter depositing W metal onto (100)Si wafers. The samples were fast radiatively processed under high vacuum to time anneals ranging from 15-50 sec. at two temperatures (1100 C and 1150 C). The growth process has been shown to be diffusion controlled, with the median grain size correlating with film resistivity. Keywords: Silicides, Metallization schemes, Tungsten silicide, Silicon.


The methods for analysis of MDMA and MDA in urine by cyclohexane extraction and various acyl erivafization and determination with GC/MS/MS were developed.These methods were rapid and simple.The limits of detection(LOD)of most of the methods were below 10ng/mL.The LOD of MDMA was 4 ng/mL.LOD of MDA was 2ng/mL.Several more sensitive methods were selected to examine the linearity and recovery.The results were satisfactory.