Lucerne (M. sativa L.) grew as well in solutions maintained at pH 4 as at pH 5, and its growth at pH 4 was little affected by calcium concentrations above 5 mM when aluminium was not added (< 0. l µM). Phosphate concentrations above l µM were adequate for growth if maintained, and if phosphate was kept below 5 0 µM at pH 4 or below 10 µM at pH 4.5, then aluminium concentrations of the order of 100 µM could be maintained without evident reaction between aluminium and phosphate in solution. Under these conditions, uncomplicated by precipitation or phosphate deficiency in the nutrient solution, aluminium toxicity depressed yields, root elongation, and calcium and phosphate concentrations in shoots and roots, and it made the shoots look phosphate-deficient ; but it could not be remedied by increasing phosphate supply even when this restored plant phosphate to high levels. Only where addition of phosphate caused aluminium to precipitate in the solution did it alleviate the toxicity. Increasing the calcium concentration from 1 mM to 5 mM slightly alleviated the effects of aluminium, except at highly toxic concentrations. T. subterraneum took up more aluminium than lucerne, but tolerated aluminium in the medium better. Adding ethylenediaminetetra-acetate to solutions containing 200 µM aluminium concentrations improved the growth of both species to the extent that concentrations of free aluminium were reduced by chelation.


We followed with great interest the "Cutting Edge" contribution by Faunce et al. ([1][1]) reporting bovine myelin basic protein (MBP) induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6 mice. In response, Furlan ([2][2]) noted that C57BL/6 (H2b) mice are traditionally considered


Recent progress in ultrahigh capacity optical communication technologies based on space-division multiplexing is described including one Pb/s transmission in a newly developed multi-core fiber with future perspectives for more capacity.


Infrared laser–microwave double resonance spectroscopy is used to observe the Stark effect of tunneling transitions within the ν1 and ν3 hydrogen stretching states of NH3. Dipole moments for 11 J,K states of ν1 and 3 J,K states of ν3 are measured to high accuracy. These data, combined with previous measurements in the ground and excited bending states, give a dipole moment function (in Debye) of: μv1v2v3v4=1.5610+7.2×10−3(v1+1/2)−2.271×10−1(v2+1/2)+3.75×10−2(v3+1)−1.65×10−2(v4+1). μe=1.561 D  is the first experimental measurement of the NH3 equilibrium moment. These results are also used to analyze and recalculate the dipole moment measured by Shimizu and co-workers in a vNH=5 excited state of NH3.


Alternative energy is a term used for an energy source that is an alternative to using fossil fuels. Generally, it indicates energies that are nontraditional and have low environmental impact. The term alternative is used to contrast with fossil fuels according to some sources. By most definitions alternative energy doesn't harm the environment, a distinction which separates it from renewable energy which may or may not have significant environmental impact.


In this paper a paradigm for knowledge acquisition is presented. The paradigm, referred to as Multiexpert Knowledge System (MKS), is based on the philosophy that many decision problems which are candidate expert system applications do not rely on just a single expert for advice but utilize the expertise of many, sometimes conflicting, knowledge sources. Because of the potential for conflict between sources, the contemporary approach to building multiple expert or multiexpert knowledge systems has been to eliminate conflict prior to building the knowledge base. The MKS paradigm accommodates multiple, potentially conflicting experts and uses their expertise in the formulation of new knowledge (rules). These new rules are tested using sequential analysis and organized into a knowledge base by means of an entropy reduction program. Together the MKS paradigm, sequential analysis and entropy reduction are components in the design of an 'interactive' learning expert system which behaves as a 'virtual' expert learning and unlearning new knowledge.


Distorting familiar melodies by randomly assigning notes to different octaves makes recognition difficult. This difficulty can be lessened by preserving the contour (ups and downs) of the original melody. These experiments (using complex tones) show that cuing with either the unscrambled melody itself or its title also improves performance. In experiment 1 listeners heard a "straight" version of a familiar or an unfamiliar melody, followed by a scrambled version of either the same melody or a lure. Hit rates for scrambled melodies averaged 0.80, while false alarms to lures averaged 0.40. In experiment 2, scrambled familiar melodies or lures were preceded by accurate or spurious titles, respectively. Hit rates were 0.80 and false‐alarms 0.20. These results show that listeners can use a memorized, pitch‐and‐time‐flexible, "melody template" in recognizing scrambled melodies, just as they can in recognizing an unscrambled melody temporally interleaved with other tones in the same pitch range. The template is ...


This paper descries a technique for representing motion information in a video coder. We present a novel way of representing motion, based on a dictionary of motion models, as well as related estimation techniques. Motion fields are represented by low-order polynomial-based models and a discrete label field. We develop an adaptive context-based entropy coding technique for the label field. In the paper, we address issues relating to rate-distortion optimal coding. Simulations based on a software implementation of the technique are compared to similar results for classical block- based motion compensation and coding techniques.


A multisensor fusion-based unknown object detection and tracking approach is presented. The approach consists of two new algorithms: (i) object segmentation by boundary detection and (ii) data association by integer programming. The proposed approach tightly combines the information from a single-line scanning lidar and a camera. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by comparing with a state-of-the-art method and is demonstrated with real datasets obtained from a moving platform.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to field of biochemistry. Claimed is method for oxidising organic substance. Said method is realised with application of oxidising enzyme and alkL gene product, with alkL gene product being provided in composition of alkBFGL operon. Genetically engineered microorganism, containing alkBFGL operon, is also claimed. EFFECT: group of inventions makes it possible to increase rate of oxidising enzyme, which oxidises organic substance. 16 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 3 ex


We consider the problems of direction finding and signal "COPY" with uncalibrated arrays. A number of calibration techniques have been proposed, which attempt to jointly estimate the signal directions or waveforms, and a set of unknown array parameters. We discuss several issues related to the accuracy of these techniques, and the number of signal and array parameters which can be estimated with a given number of array elements.<<ETX>>


The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of selected detergents (althosan MB 50%, triton X) and one commercial decontamination mean (ArgosTM) to permeate the pig skin, which could indicate a potential toxic side effect of mass casualty decontaminants. A method of static diffusion cells and UV spectrometry was used to evaluate the skin permeation. All tested agents did not permeate the skin in detectable amounts as 5% water solutions. In concentrated form, triton X and ArgosTM did not permeate the skin whereas althosan MB 50% shown specific permeation rate of 6.134 μg.cm-1 in 24 hours.


Accurate diagnosis and prompt definitive management of choledocholithiasis is vital in acute gallstone pancreatitis (GSP). Sensitivity of detection of choledocholithiasis varies across imaging modalities. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is most sensitive, but may not be necessary, and may result in delayed implementation of definitive management.
 We aimed to evaluate the range of radiological investigations patients with acute GSP underwent at our Trust, and the clinical appropriateness of MRCP if performed.

 An observational study of patients diagnosed with acute GSP between 01/05/2019 and 26/02/2021 was performed. Data were collected from electronic patient records.

 50 patients were diagnosed with acute GSP (median age 56years). 41 had transabdominal ultrasound (USS), 22 had computed tomography (CT) and 16 patients had MRCP. Median waiting time was 1, 0 and 4 days for respectively. All patients who had MRCP had prior USS and/or CT (Table 1).
 As definitive management, 14% underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), 28% underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 30% had initial ERCP followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 14% patients were readmitted with pancreatitis prior to definitive management.

 Detailed description of the CBD in initial radiology reports in acute GSP may mitigate the need for unnecessary subsequent imaging, reducing cost and facilitating early definitive management. We recommend establishment of a guideline to streamline imaging in the assessment of acute gallstone pancreatitis.


: White-rot basidiomycetes are the only microorganisms with the ability to produce both hydrolytic (cellulases and hemicellulases) and oxidative (ligninolytic) enzymes for degrading cellulose/hemicellulose and lignin. In addition, they produce secondary metabolites with applications in the cosmetics industry. In the present work, three wild strains of Basidiomycete fungi ( Pleurotus citrinopileatus , Abortiporus biennis and Ganoderma lucidum ) from Greek habitats were grown in agroindustrial residues (oil mill wastewater, and corn cob). The production of biotechnologically relevant enzymes and bioactive compounds was evaluated. All strains were found to be preferential lignin degraders, similarly to most white-rot fungi. Bioinformatic analyses were performed on the proteome of the strains P. citrinopileatus and A. biennis , focusing on CAZymes with biotechnological relevance, and the results were compared with the enzyme activities of culture supernatants. The antiaging proprieties of the fungal extracts were evaluated in relation to the different media. P. citrinopileatus showed the most interesting skin whitening activity while A. biennis the highest DPPH scavenging potential. For all strains, corn cobs was the most appropriate carbon source for maximizing the production of bioactive small molecules with anti-aging activity. Overall, all three strains showed promising antiaging properties, and strong production of oxidative enzymes for biomass conversion applications.


This article discusses the status of innocence as a precept governing the behaviour of middle-class girls at the 'Jahrhundertwende' by examining a range of discourses of the period – lexical definitions, etiquette manuals, sociological and feminist discussion of the nature of femininity, and fictional texts by women writers. It argues that the increasing awareness of the unviability of the precept is mirrored in a tendency to externalise virtue, i.e. to judge an inner moral state by 'reading the body'. The language of the body serves as text when to speak of sexuality is still a taboo. Further, the focus on the female body can be seen as intrinsic to the sexual power struggle: the denial of the right of young women to sexual knowledge is symptomatic of the male desire to deprive women in general of control of their bodies. Hence, although the precept of innocence was obviously not viable, it still held an important place in the discourses of the time. In discussing the dress and the rules for comportment that confine their bodies, and in ironically subverting literary images, women fought for the right to self-determination and a meaningful place in society.


valve endocarditis caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subsp. Iwof fii. J Clin Microbiol 1987;25:955-7. 9. Fuchs GJ III, Jaffe N, Pickering LK. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus sepsis in children with malignancies. Pediatr Infect Dis 1986;5:545-9. 10. Seifert H, Strate A, Schulze A, Pulverer G. Vascular catheter-related bloodstream infection due to Acinetobacter johnsonii (formerly Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. /woffii): report of 13 cases. Clin Infect Dis 1993;17:632-6. 11. Kaplan MS, Wechsler M, Benson MC. Urologic manifestations of AIDS. Urology 1987;30:441-3.


The rotation–vibration Raman spectra of solid mixtures of ortho- and para-hydrogen have been studied over a wide concentration range. If the proportion of J = 1 molecules is below ~ 70% the samples have an h.c.p. structure at all attainable temperatures; for higher concentrations a change to an f.c.c. structure occurs at ~ 1.3 K. In the h.c.p. phase the S1 lines show no structure, and the principal effect of anisotropic interactions is to decrease the degree of localization, and thus the energy, of the bound state into which the Raman transition takes place. This decrease is negligible for the S1(1) transition in hydrogen and at all concentrations the frequency is approximately that calculated on the basis of isotropic interactions only, so that in this phase crystalline field effects must be small.In the f.c.c. phase both lines are split into a number of components, and the structure of the S1(1) transition in hydrogen is well represented by the splitting of a bound J = 3 state by a Y20 crystalline field...


Objective:To discuss cause and therapy of biliary tract calculogenesis after the pericardial devascularization with splenectomy of patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis.Method:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of cholelithiasis patients after the operation of pericardial devascularization with splenectomy because of hepatic cirrhosis portal hypertension accompany with hypersplenism,and analyzed the complication,gallbladder contraction metergasis and bile bacterial culture of these patients.Result:There were significant differences of incidence of biliary calculi between postoperative(B,64.9%) and preoperative(A,25%,P0.01) groups.The incidence of gallbladder contraction functional disturbance has significant difference between postoperative(B,77.8%) and preoperative(A,43.2%,P0.01) groups.The incidence of complication has significant difference between postoperative(B,71.4%) and preoperative(A,46.7%,P0.01) groups.Conclusion:Gallbladder contraction functional disturbance including pericholecystic adhesions and infection of biliary tract is the important cause of biliary tract lithogenous after the operation of pericardial devascularization with splenectomy of patients with hepatic cirrhosis portal hypertension.


We investigate the role of public information in a general equilibrium economy with aggregate liquidity shocks and endogenous incomplete contracts. The investment decisions of entrepreneurs impose a negative externality on others because of capital rationing: they reduce the resources available for reinvestment and thus increase the equilibrium probability of liquidity shortage for all entrepreneurs. The source of inefficiency rests on entrepreneurs' inability to privately insure against aggregate liquidity shocks as competitive financiers are better off with incomplete contracts because they earn ex-post rents in the event of capital rationing. Public information may lead to a reduction in social welfare because it exacerbates the negative externality in entrepreneurs' investment decisions. Capital adequacy requirements, targeted disclosure of information, and mandatory lines of credit are possible policies to achieve constrained efficiency as competitive market equilibrium.


This paper introduces a new one port SAW passive temperature remote sensing system and analyzes the responses for impulse and sinusoidal burst signals.The input signal of the remote sensing system is constructed by a sinusoidal burst signal and the response of the reflecting signal is AM signal.And the frequency of the AM enveloping signal is the difference between the frequency of the exciting signal and the national frequency of the SAW chip.The distance of remote sensing can be improved and the error to detect the national frequency can be decreased with the change of the parameters of the environment in the sensing system.The theory and analysis have been verified by the experiment.


that he wished to defend scripture and biblical history and when he compared Hinduism it was to other "paganisms", not Christianity. He also moved away from the viewing Hinduism as a rational religion, repositioning it as "pious and sublime", "mystical and esoteric" (268, 281). This was based on Vedānta school of Indian philosophy, which Jones viewed as like Platonism. Playing a key role in this shift is that Jones was sympathetic to the Rational Dissent of Richard Price and a believer in Christianity. Jones was neither a deist nor "spotless admirer of Hindu culture", as his criticism of purportedly self-aggrandising, chauvinistic Brahmins indicates (280). To Jones, Hinduism was an ancient religion of a philosophical character but ultimately one of human creation, unlike Christianity. His account of Hinduism provided a "much neater complement to an ideological account of the British administration as a benevolent guardian of 'native customs' than Patterson's other authors (313). Jones directed British perceptions of Indian religion away from rational religion and towards mysticism and sublimity, a position that had few heterodox implications, and indicated instead "the institutionalisation of orientalist knowledge as a branch of imperial governance" (31). Religion, Enlightenment and Empire is an exemplary work demonstrating how lesserknown figures contributed in significant ways to eighteenth-century European thought and imperial history. It is also a very fine first book. I am a little sceptical of Patterson's definition of "Enlightenment" to describe the self-perception of individuals who believed they were living through an age of enlightenment. This untethers our notion of "Enlightenment" from the long eighteenth century and can be applied to anyone making that identification; similarly, eighteenth-century thinkers who believed they were living in an age of Enlightenment often believed that period began with the invention of print and the reformation of letters. Further, it may be a job for others, but we could have benefitted from Patterson's assessment of how the shift in perceptions of Indian religion related to the wider practice of the "enlightened" study of religion. Thus, the "deistic" degeneration model of religious change suggests her cast were either at odds with or ignorant of progressive histories of civil society (including religion) and mainly reiterated the model of Christian mythography in deistic or universalistic guise. A similar observation could be made of the relationship between these accounts and changing "enlightened" notions of human nature, especially whether the Company Men believed that human nature was fundamentally prone to superstition or whether its existence in India was purely the result of Brahmic manipulation. These are less criticisms and more thoughts provoked by a stimulating, well-researched, and cogently argued book.


\VE HAVE MENTIONED SEVERAL TIMES IN THE PAST THAT the DIAS is not an "official" poison control center. However, avoiding poison control is not possible in our circumstances. A large segment of our users apparently consider drug information synonymous with poison information. Also, the local "official" units leave something to be desired. As a consequence, we have evolved our poison information services to an extent that it now represents about ten percent of our volume. As a rule we do not ordinarily keep a permanent record of poison information requests. They are generally emergency situations of a relatively straight forward nature in terms of what has to be done and the references that are used. However, on occasion an unusual case comes up that warrants the preparation of a permanent record. The requests presented this month arc some typical examples of these situations.


The vibration of a sandwich panel with two identical isotropic facesheets and an orthotropic core was studied. The governing partial differential equation was derived using a variational principle. Linear shear theory was employed to describe the transverse deformation of the panel, and the rotational effect was taken into consideration. The natural frequencies of a rectangular sandwich panel can be predicted on the basis of the proposed analytical model. Results from the proposed model were compared with those from thin plate theory. The effects of the structural and material parameters such as core anisotropy, core density, and facesheet thickness on natural frequencies were discussed.


In this article, chaotic search based constrained equilibrium optimizer algorithm (CS-CEOA) is suggested by integrating a novel heuristic approach called equilibrium optimizer with a chaos theory-based local search algorithm for solving general non-linear programming. CS-CEOA is consists of two phases, the first one (phase I) aims to detect an approximate solution, avoiding being stuck in local minima. In phase II, the chaos-based search algorithm improves local search performance to obtain the best optimal solution. For every infeasible solution, repair function is implemented in a way such that, a new feasible solution is created on the line segment defined by a feasible reference point and the infeasible solution itself. Due to the fast globally converging of evolutionary algorithms and the chaotic search's exhaustive search, CS-CEOA could locate the true optimal solution by applying an exhaustive local search for a limited area defined from Phase I. The efficiency of CS-CEOA is studied over multi-suites of benchmark problems including constrained, unconstrained, CEC'05 problems, and an application of blending four ingredients, three feed streams, one tank, and two products to create some certain products with specific chemical properties, also to satisfy the target costs. The results were compared with the standard evolutionary algorithms as PSO and GA, and many hybrid algorithms in the same simulation environment to approve its superiority of detecting the optimal solution over selected counterparts.


This story presents three main challenges faced with creating an autoethnography as a dissertation at a prestigious university. These challenges include (a) finding the author's voice, (b) negotiating university policies and procedures, and (c) addressing validity concerns for autoethnography. The resulting autoethnographic account captures vulnerable moments and incidents to produce an evocative story about becoming a pioneer. A fusion between social science and screenplay yields a compelling story where effects of reality and human experience come together. These struggles with university's policies and creating a form of member-checking contribute to the field of "autoethnography" with regard to qualitative methodology. Embarking on the path less traveled while navigating the political system and bureaucracy gives hope to others seeking to publish and/or write their autoethnography.


LITERATURE CITED AYALA, F. ]., AND J. R POWELL. 1972. Allozymes as diagnostic characters of sibling species of Drosophila. Proc, Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 69:10941096. AYALA, F. J., J. R POWELL, M. L. TRACEY, C. A. MOURAo, AND S. PEREZ-SALAS. 1972. Enzyme variability in the Drosophila willis toni group. m. Genic variation in natural populations of Drosophila willistoni. Genetics 70:113-139. BARKER, J. S. F., AND J. C. MULLEY. 1976. Isozyme variation in natural populations of Drosophila buzzatii. Evolution 30:213-233. BREWER, G. J. 1970. An Introduction to Isozymes Techniques. Academic Press, N.Y. CABRERA, V. M., A. M. GONzALEZ, AND A. GULL6N. 1980. Enzymatic polymorphism in Drosophila subobscuro populations from the Canary Islands. Evolution 34:875-887. CSEKO, Y. M. T., N. A. DOWER, P. MINOO, L. LOWENSTEIN, G. R SMITH, J. STONE, AND R SEDEROFF. 1979. Evolution of polypyrimidines in Drosophila. Genetics 92:459--484. DAVID, J., F. LEMEUNIER, L. TSACAS, AND C. BocQUET. 1974. Hybridisation d'une nouvelle espece, Drosophila mauritiana avec D. mekmogaster et D. simulans. Ann. Genet. 17:235-241. EISSES, K. T., H. VAN DI]K, AND W. VAN DELDEN. 1979. Genetic differentiation within the melonogaster species group of the genus Drosophila (Sophophora). Evolution 33:1063-1068. LEMEUNIER, F., AND M. ASHBURNER. 1976. Relationships within the melanogaster species subgroup of the genus Drosophila (Sophophora). II. Phylogenetic relationships between six species based upon polytene chromosome banding sequences. Proc. Roy. Soc. London (B) 193:275294. LOUKAS, M., S. TSAKAS, C. B. KRIMBAS, E. ZouROS, E. DIAMANTOPOULOU-PANOPOULOU, AND V. ALEVIZOS. 1974. Appendix to E. Zouros et al. Genetics 78:1223-1244. MULLEY, J. C. 1973. Electrophoretic detection of pyranosidase in Drosophila buzzatii. Dros. Inf. Servo 50:139. NEI, M. 1971. Interspecific gene differences and evolutionary time estimated from electrophoretic data on protein identity. Amer. Natur. 105:385398. ---. 1972. Genetic distance between populations. Amer. Natur. 106:283-292. SHAW, C. R, AND R PRASAD. 1970. Starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes. A compilation of recipes. Biochem. Genet. 4:297-320. TSACAS, L., AND J. DAVID. 1974. Drosophila mauritiana n. sp. du groupe melanogaster de l'Ile Maurice (Dipt. :Drosophilidae). Bull. Soc. Entomol. France 79:42-46.


A clear-view bubble-domain shift register with an angelfish pattern sputter etched into the surface of orthoferrite platelets was fabricated and its operation was demonstrated. For a typical Gd-orthoferrite platelet ∼ 70 μm thick, shift register operation was realized with triangles etched to a depth of ∼ 6 μm with an edge gradient of ∼ 1.3. Specimen preparation and device operation are described.


In this paper, headstock oil leakage and tripping occurred in a kind of grinder. The analysis showed that the unreasonable structure of bearing cap was the fault cause. It had been found that the improved structure completely eliminated the oil leakage and tripping.


The authors describe a PC AT-based workstation that allows stereotactic neurosurgery to be planned using stereoscopic digital subtraction angiography (DSA) projections in conjunction with computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance (MR) image data. Techniques for correlating the positions of targets and for performing measurements in images acquired from different modalities (i.e., CT, MR and DSA) are presented. The stereoscopic approach is discussed and compared with conventional methods of planning stereotactic neurosurgery. This method is found to be enlightening in terms of its ability to provide the observer with a 3D appreciation of the imaged structure. The ability to perform quantitative measurements, as well as view projection image data in 3D, is an attractive feature of the stereoscopic workstation and is considered crucial to planning many stereotactic procedures.<<ETX>>


An image fusion method combines the data from a sample consisting of source images using the features of information/pixel or interference level approaches. The image obtained by this method is a single image. The purpose of an image fusion algorithm is to integrate the redundant and matching data collected from the source representative to produce a novel picture. This picture gives better interpretation of vision for person or system point of view. It is possible to refine the quality of undersea pictures using white balance and image blending methodologies. To perform image blending, the feature matching approach can be applied. To do feature matching, the HOG and SIFT methods can be used. After being implemented in MATLAB software, the methodologies presented in this work are evaluated by means of specific metrics.


Open Educational Resources Committee @ GCC Where to find Open Textbooks on the web. Links to various resources are provided.


GENERAL COMMENTS RC 2.1 This manuscript presents an interesting case study about P transport in the channels of a slum area in Kampala, Uganda. The authors made a great effort working in a challenging area were data are scarce and research presents difficulties for monitoring and sampling. These types of studies contribute to the development of the society with some clear applied objectives and they have to be reflected in the scientific literature. Nevertheless in spite of the good methodological description and the suitability of the techniques applied, this work presents some weak points that make difficult to publish it in this journal. Anyway I think it would be totally suitable for publication as a case study in other scientific publication.


Since 1980, a large increase in the number of undergraduate students majoring in international studies at Miami University (Oxford, Ohio) has occurred. This paper describes the historical development and present structure of this University's international studies program and the program's relationship to other academic departments. The advantages and disadvantages of multidisciplinary programs are discussed, along with Miami University's long-rarle academic plans to improve the program's quality. Appendices include the 1987-1988 degree requirements, general information about Miami University's international studies program, and the international studies program's foreign area required and elective courses. (JHP) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. STRUGGLING WITH SUCCEES: INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AND THE UNDERGRADUATE CURRICULUM AT MIAMI UNIVERSITY


It is difficult to be utilized at high-value for corn straw,because of its heterogeneity in constitution.This paper aims to find a fungus which can selectively degrade parenchyma cell of corn straw,and the residual fiber can be used in pulping and papermaking.In this paper,seven pathogenic fungi separated from sugarcane with pineapple disease,and Trichoderma viride were used to degrade fiber and parenchyma cell carded and sifted from steam-exploded corn straw respectively.It was shown that the degradabilities of these 8 fungi to parenchyma cell were more than those to fiber.The reason of above difference was concerned with the fungi enzyme activity and structure of material by determination of enzyme activity and study of scanning electron micrograph.Among these 8 fungi,fungus C-2 had the best selective degradation to parenchyma cell,and the difference of weight loss rate of parenchyma cell with fiber was 17.88%.


Local energy feature tracing in digital images and volumes Digital image feature detectors often comprise two stages of processing: an initial ltering phase and a secondary search stage. The initial ltering is designed to accentuate speci c feature characteristics or suppress spurious components of the image signal. The second stage of processing involves searching the results for various criteria that will identify the locations of the image features. The local energy feature detection scheme combines the squares of the signal convolved with a pair of lters that are in quadrature with each other. The resulting local energy value is proportional to phase congruency which is a measure of the local alignment of the phases of the signal's constituent Fourier components. Points of local maximum phase alignment have been shown to correspond to visual features in the image. The local energy calculation accentuates the location of many types of image features, such as lines, edges and ramps and estimates of local energy can be calculated in multidimensional image data, by rotating the quadrature lters to several orientations. The second stage search criterion for local energy is to locate the points that lie along the ridges in the energy map that connect the points of local maxima. In three-dimensional data the relatively higher energy values will form lms between connecting laments and tendrils. This thesis examines the use of recursive spatial domain ltering to calculate local energy. A quadrature pair of lters which are based on the rst derivative of the Gaussian function and its Hilbert transform, are rotated in space using a kernel of basis functions to obtain various orientations of the lters. The kernel is designed to be separable and each term is implemented using a recursive digital lter. ix Once local energy has been calculated, the ridges and surfaces of high energy values are determined using a ooding technique. Starting from the points of local minima we perform an ablative skeletonisation of the higher energy values. The topology of the original set is maintained by examining and preserving the topology of the neighbourhood of each point when considering it for removal. This combination of homotopic skeletonisation and sequential processing of each level of energy values, results in a well located, thinned and connected tracing of the ridges. The thesis contains examples of the local energy calculation using steerable recursive lters and the ridge tracing algorithm applied to two and three dimensional images. Details of the algorithms are contained in the text and details of their computer implementation are provided in the appendices. x Preface The author has previously published some sections of this thesis in various conference proceedings. These are referred to at appropriate points in the text. Speci cally these are: Local energy estimation using recursive lters [74]. Flooding the energy eld [75]. Surface tracing of local energy density values [76]. The following paper was published jointly and contains some of the original ridge and surface tracing material: Surface detection in 3D confocal microscope images [66]. Several sections of background information presented in this thesis are closely based on their source. Such sections are referenced at the point of presentation and speci cally include: Section 2.2.2 The phase congruency model, Owens [58]. Section 2.3.2 Morlet wavelets, Pudney et al. [66]. Section 2.4 Digital ltering techniques, Gabel and Roberts [25]. Section 3.2.1 The z-transform, Stark [80]. Section 3.2.4 Prony's method, Lanczos [43]. Section 3.2.4 The non-linear least-squares problem, Lim [44]. xi Since the lter design and implementation presented in Chapter 3 is based on the work of Freeman [23, 24] and Deriche [16], selected formulae and workings from these papers are reproduced here. Original material presented in this thesis is the work of the author. xii Acknowledgments I would like to thank my supervisor Robyn Owens for her support and patience throughout my long tenure as her student. Her skill in both professional and family life is an inspiration to all who know her. My thanks go to all the members of the Robotics and Vision reseach group especially Peter Kovesi, Ben Robbins and Matthew McDonald who have been especially helpful with technical dicussions and practical assistance on computer coding. A special thanks goes to Chris Pudney who has found practical application of the ridge tracing with confocal microscope images and whose assistance and encouragement has been tremendous. I would also like to thank my friends and colleagues in the Department of Computer Science, in particular Bruce Backman and Chris McDonald for their help and support during my research and the writing of this thesis. In fact I'd like to acknowledge all of the people whom I have come into contact with through the department over the years. I must also express eternal gratitude to my parents John and Joan Robins for their support, skills and e orts in proof reading my written work. Words can not express my thanks to Catherine, my wife. Her love and encouragement have kept me going. Writing this thesis has taken a great deal of our time and I appreciate her forbearance and support. I am looking forward to spending much more time with her and our beautiful young daughter, Sophia. This work was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Research Award. xiii Glossary PC Phase Congruency. HVS Human Visual System. FIR Finite Impulse Response | discrete digital lter speci ed as a nite set of coe cients. IIR In nite Impulse Response | discrete digital lter speci ed recursively. DFT Discrete Fourier Transform. FFT Fast Fourier Transform. abscissae Distances of points from the y-axis measured parallel to the x-axis [7]. CT Computed Tomography. MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging. MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group | video compression standard (named after the de ning committee). xiv Chapter


N. Karmarkar's new projective scaling algorithm for linear programming has caused quite a stir in the press, mainly because of reports that it is 50 times faster than the simplex method on large problems. It also has a polynomial bound on worst-case running time that is better than the ellipsoid algorithm's. Radically different from the simplex method, it moves through the interior of the polytope, transforming the space at each step to place the current point at the polytope's center. The algorithm is described in enough detail to enable one to write one's own computer code and to understand why it has polynomial running time. Some recent attempts to make the algorithm live up to its promise are also reviewed.


Nanocomposites α-Fe/Fe3B/Y2O3 were prepared by a melt-spun technique, and the electromagnetic wave absorption properties were measured in the 0.05–20.05 GHz range. Compared with α-Fe/Y2O3 composites, the resonance frequency (fr) of α-Fe/Fe3B/Y2O3 shifted to a higher frequency range due to the large anisotropy field (HA) of tetragonal Fe3B (∼0.4 MA/m). The relative permittivity (er=er′−jer″) was constantly low over the 0.5–10 GHz region, which indicates that the composite powders have a high resistivity (ρ=∼100 Ω m). The effective electromagnetic wave absorption (reflection loss <−20 dB) was obtained in a frequency range of 2.7–6.5 GHz on resin composites of 80 wt % α-Fe/Fe3B/Y2O3 powders, with thickness of 6–3 mm, respectively. A minimum reflection loss of −33 dB was observed at 4.5 GHz with an absorber thickness of 4 mm.


I.H. Schulman, P. Aranda, L. Raij, M. Veronesi, F.J. Aranda, R. Martin. Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (IHS, PA, LR, MV), Miami, FL, and Hypertension and Vascular Risk Unit, University General Hospital (FJA, RM), Malaga, Spain . Salt sensitivity is associated with an elevated risk of developing hypertension and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cross-sectional studies have suggested that postmenopausal women are more salt sensitive than premenopausal women. The purpose of the present study was to investigate prospectively the prevalence of salt sensitivity among healthy premenopausal women and determine whether the loss of ovarian hormones increases salt sensitivity. We enrolled 40 normotensive (systolic blood pressure 127 2, diastolic blood pressure 78 1; Mean SEM), non-diabetic women (age 47 0.6) undergoing hysterectomy and ovariectomy for non-neoplastic processes to determine the effect of changes in sodium intake on blood pressure the day before and 4 months after surgical menopause. After a 1-week diet containing 120 mmol/day NaCl, salt loading was achieved with a 2-liter infusion of normal saline, followed by salt depletion produced by 40 mg of intravenous furosemide. A decrease of 10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure between salt loading and salt depletion was used to define salt sensitivity. Premenopausal salt sensitive women exhibited higher waist/hip ratio (0.85 0.017 vs. 0.82 0.007; P 0.001), fasting glucose (105.9 2.9 vs. 98.5 3.1 mg/dL; P 0.03), triglycerides (155 35 vs. 90 6 mg/dL; P 0.0001), uric acid (4.5 0.22 vs. 3.7 0.16 mg/dL; P 0.0001), apoB (145.6 5.4 vs. 112.5 3.3 mg/dL; P 0.0001) and microalbuminuria (20.2 7.3 vs. 4.5 1.4 mg/24hr; P 0.0001) than salt resistant women. Four months after surgical menopause, none of the women were on hormone replacement and all remained normotensive (systolic blood pressure 127 3, diastolic blood pressure 77 2). However, the prevalence of salt sensitivity was significantly higher after menopause (21 women, 52.5%) than before (9 women, 22.5%, P 0.01), because 12 (38.7%) salt resistant women developed salt sensitivity after menopause. Thus, we found that the prevalence of salt sensitivity doubled as early as 4 months after surgical menopause, due to the development of salt sensitivity in previously salt resistant women. The women who developed salt sensitivity did not manifest an increase in blood pressure or in the above markers of cardiovascular risk. However, epidemiological studies indicate that, in most women, development of hypertension does not occur until 5–10 years after menopause. We surmise that the loss of ovarian hormones unmasks a population of women prone to salt sensitivity that with aging would be at higher risk for the development of hypertension and its associated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.


This article discusses one of the pressing problems, development of methodology of assessment and analysis of efficiency of activity of the bodies of internal Affairs. The author shows the possibility of application in the evaluation methodology and analytical activities of the bodies of internal Affairs of such a method of statistical analysis, as the statistics of individual index. As a result of calculations of official statistical information for the period 2008-2012, the author analyzes the effectiveness of the activities of the internal Affairs authorities of Chukotka Autonomous district on the disclosure of killings and serious harm to health. On the basis of obtained results the estimation of efficiency of activity of Ministry of interior of Russia on the Chukotka and its territorial bodies of internal Affairs at the district level on disclosure of specified categories of crimes for 2013. The advantage of this method is the possibility of a more objective assessment of the effectiveness of the internal Affairs bodies in various areas entrusted to the police tasks and functions


The article examines the essence of the concept of cybercrime with the main classification and typical structure of crimes in this area. The analysis of Chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is carried out, conclusions are drawn about existing gaps and legal conflicts. A generalized list of existing problems in the area under consideration has been formed, as well as the main proposals for amendments and additions to existing legislation and measures to counter cyber threats have been formulated.


On the basis of the research on the scope of legacy debt,this paper connects theories of bankrupt law to put forward new ideas as to the sequence of discharging legacy debt and some suggestions about the amendment of the Law of Inheritance of China.This paper holds that legacy bebt should include the debts left by the inherited person,inheriting cost,discretionary,and reserve legacy.In the discharge of legacy debt,the inheriting costs must first be paid,then discretionary debt,debts left by the inherited person,bequeathal debt,and taxation debt,and finally,the rest after these payments can be shared by the inheritors.


A ``displaced linear branch'' has been observed in the volt‐ampere characteristics of square (1 × 1‐mm) Sn–Ox–Sn and Pb–Ox–Pb Josephson junctions. The slope of the linear branch is independent of magnetic field and independent of temperature below 2.2°K. It is suggested that this effect can be attributed to internal flux motion.


With the development of the campus network, it tends to perform the teaching managing by network. Courses managing system is designed for teachers to make statistic, supervise students' studying, communicate with students and long-distance control and so on. The system is based on the C/S construction, which operates mainly in LAN and also makes remote communication and control.


In recent trends, wireless networks have emerged as one of the choicest forms of data communication. Wireless networks provide an array of benefits like, easy installation, flexibility, mobility, scalability and reduced cost of ownership. In spite of several advantages, there are some serious issues, which pose security risks when confidentiality, integrity and authenticity issues are concerned. In infrastructure wireless networks, providing access only to legitimate users is a challenge to most network administrators. Attackers are equipped with various tools and techniques to break the security and gain illegitimate access to the organization's data and other such secured entities. Some of the wireless networks employ MAC filtering techniques for providing network access to hosts. In order to gain unauthorized access to such networks spoofing- attack with false IP-MAC pair is the first step in most of the LAN based attacks. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is the main cause of spoofing attack. Many network and host level mechanisms have been proposed to counter such attacks. However, they have their own sets of drawbacks. In our proposed work, we have configured an open source network security tool for the detection of various attacks or spoofed MAC attack exploited in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. In this work, we have tried to differentiate between the genuine station and the attacker station by 3-phase authentication method. In our proposed work the algorithms are developed upon three phase i.e. probe request frame, authentication frame and association frame. This scheme has been tested under all possible spoofing cases and yielded favorable results.


We have investigated the vibrational modes of C60 thin films adsorbed on the Si(111)-(7×7) and graphite surfaces using high-resolution electron energy-loss spectroscopy in combination with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The energy-loss spectra are different in energies and in oscillator strengths for the two surfaces. The differences are attributed to the surface morphology observed with STM. The relation between macroscopic dielectric theory manifested by electron energy loss and microscopic structure measured with STM is discussed in terms of dielectric function theory.


A low-cost high-speed steel suitable for manufacturing cutting tools, high-performance cold or hot dies and antiwear mechanical parts contains such chemical components (wt.%) as C (0.7-1.2), W (0.6-4.5), Mo (0.6-4), Cr (5-10), V (0.6-1.5), Si (0.3-1.5), Mn (0.1-0.4), S (less than 0.03), Al (0.01-1.2) and Fe (rest), as well as optional Ti (less than 0.3), Nb (less than 0.3) and Re (less than 0.05). It features higher content of Cr to form carbide and less use of expensive W and Mo. Its advantages are high hardness, red hardness and bending strength, fine austenite grains, and better toughness and plasticity.


The popularization of applications that use Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has greatly stimulated research development in this area. Applications with multiple UAVs demand a network capable of enabling communication between the aircraft fleet and the base station on the ground. However, it is not simple to build this type of configuration in real life, making virtual environments an important tool to simulate this scenario with accuracy. In this context, the emulated environment of the Mininet-WiFI integrated with the Robotic Simulation Platform V-REP offers an interesting alternative to represent this scenario. Thus, this mini course is proposed to present how to set up some scenarios for carrying out experiments with multiple drone systems applications.


In this paper, an innovative self-checking Reed Solomon encoder architecture is described. The presented architecture exploits some properties of the arithmetic operations in GF(2/sup 3/) related to the parity of the binary representation of the field elements. Moreover, a method for introducing self-checking capabilities on all the arithmetic structures used in the Reed Solomon encoder is presented. Finally the self-checking encoder architecture has been mapped on a FPGA evaluating its area overhead.


Based on the torsional oscillation theory of diesel shafting,this article analyses the measured signal values of measuring power by shaft's deformation. The comparison of two schemes shows the analysis is proper in mathematical treatment on the measured signal values.


A 42-year-old man with no past medical history presented with recurrent generalized tonic clonic seizures and was intubated on site. He was fatigued and had a headache for a few days prior to presentation. Physical examination revealed a sedated patient on mechanical ventilator, otherwise insignificant. Laboratory data was significant for serum creatinine 8.8 mg/dL (0.6-1.2), blood urea nitrogen 74 mg/dL (8-24), serum bicarbonate 13 meq/dL (22-24), anion gap 22 (8-12), and osmolal gap 14 mmol/L. Urine toxicology, serum salicylates and serum alcohol levels were negative. Renal biopsy surprisingly showed acute tubular necrosis with diffuse calcium oxalate crystals that were positively birefringent on polarized light (Picture 1, 2). Urine analysis rarely shows calcium oxalate crystals in acute oxalate nephropathy (AON) (1). The present case illustrates that renal biopsy can sometimes be the only diagnostic clue for AON. The exact cause of oxalate nephropathy could not be determined in our patient even after thorough work up.


Universities play a strategic role towards a sustainable future, as they address the complex scientific research on green transition and enable students from diverse backgrounds to acquire different skills, integrate multiple perspectives, and handle the sustainability of the ongoing and future renewable energy sector. In this paper, we describe a collaborative project between multiple HEIs (European and African) and local institutions, which promotes an interdisciplinary approach to address climate change and green energy transitions in the curricula of universities, used in the context of the ERASMUS+ program (DALILA-Development of new Academic curricuLa on sustaInabLe energies and green economy in Africa). The project recognizes and values different kinds of knowledge in renewable energy and green economy to address the energy transition in higher education in African countries as a prerequisite for climate change mitigation and sustainable development.


An advanced, externally triggered, spark gap switch, capable of closing in a few nanoseconds, with subnanosecond statistics, is being developed. One of the principal parameters that determines the characteristics of a spark gap switch is the nature of the space charge produced in the gap by the triggering mechanism. In this paper, we describe the application of a 200 keV, .5 kA, pulsed electron beam for precise switching of high voltages. Using this beam as the source of space charge, we have been able to switch voltages up to 500 kV with nanosecond statistics. The characteristic of the electron gun, the experimental switching arrangement, the results obtained with this arrangement, and the desirable characteristics of this switching technique are discussed.


Human autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) is associated with the IL‐1β TaqI RFLP allele 2. Individuals positive for this allele have high levels of inducible IL‐1β in their peripheral blood. Here, we have characterized MG induction and the immune response elicited by Torpedo acetylcholine receptor (AChR) immunization in wild‐type and IL‐1β deficient (–/–) mice. Compared with wild‐type mice, IL‐1β–/– mice were relatively resistant to induction of clinical experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). Draining lymph node cells from IL‐1β–/– mice showed poor proliferative capacity upon AChR stimulation in vitro. Both Th1 (IFN‐γ, IL‐2) and Th2 (IL‐4) cytokine responses were reduced and levels of serum anti‐AChR antibodies decreased in IL‐1β–/– mice compared to wild‐type mice. Taken together, these results reveal a critical role for IL‐1β in the induction of MG in mice, and support a role for IL‐1β in the pathogenesis of MG in man.


Background. Colorado receives approximately 2,500 refugees each year from countries all over the world. We assessed the self-perceived health of and barriers to care for refugees in the Denver metro area in order to understand better the needs of this population. Methods. A 61-item questionnaire was completed by a convenience sample of 120 local refugees between June and December of 2009. Results. Only 10% of respondents reported their health as excellent, while 31% rated it as either poor or fair. The most prominent barriers to care included unemployment (91%), language (46%), lack of health insurance (41%), lack of transportation (43%), and distrust of doctors (22%). Conclusions. Our study suggests that refugees in Denver face significant barriers that affect their access to health care. Recommendations include improved job and language skill programs, a health navigator program, and health care provider training on culturally effective care of this population.


The authors analyze here the dose-response data generated from the seminal bioassay of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) in Sprague-Dawley rats, reported by Kociba and coworkers. That chronic toxicity and oncogenicity study showed 2,3,7,8-TCDD to increase the incidence of certain tumors, while decreasing the incidence of others. Further, results in female rats were markedly different from those in male rats--a result ascribed to the dependence of dioxin on estrogen for some of its toxic effects. For each sex, the authors analyze each tumor type on which 2,3,7,8-TCDD has, or might have, an effect, whether positive, negative, or neutral. After generating dose-response relationships for each tumor type, the authors combine them. The combination involves simply adding the slopes of each tumor-specific dose-response relationship. They perform separate analyses for each set of dose-ranges. They also calculate upper (and lower) bounds on the maximum likelihood estimates, using the upper 95th percentile estimates for the slopes of the net dose-response relationships as conservative estimates of carcinogenic potency.


Unstable D-branes are central objects in string theory, and exist also in time-dependent backgrounds. In this paper we take first steps to studying brane decay in spacetime orbifolds. As a concrete model we focus on the R 1,d /Z2 orbifold. We point out that on a spacetime orbifold there exist two kinds of S-branes, fractional S-branes in addition to the usual ones. We investigate their construction in the open string and closed string boundary state approach. As an application of these constructions, we consider a scenario where an unstable brane nucleates at the origin of time of a spacetime, its initial energy then converting into energy flux in the form of closed strings. The dual open string description allows for a well-defined description of this process even if it originates at a singular origin of the spacetime.


Objective
To investigate the feasibility and safety of anterior and posterior approaches for distal pancreatectomy with spleen and the splenic vessels preserved.

Methods
Twelve patients of benign diseases of distal pancreas admitted in Taizhou People's Hospital from July 2008 to March 2013 were given anterior and posterior distal pancreatectomy with spleen and the splenic vessels preserved.

Results
All patients underwent the operation successfully. The mean operation time was (230±50) minutes. The blood loss was 240-360 ml with a mean of (300±60) ml. No patients needed blood transfusion during the operation. The mean length of post-operative hospital stay was (12±2) days. One patient developed pancreatic fistula and was cured with non-operative management; there was no other complications. All patients were followed up for 6 to 30 months, and there was no death.

Conclusion
On the basis of mastering the anatomy of splenic artery and vein, anterior and posterior approaches are safe and convenient in performing distal pancreatectomy with spleen and the splenic vessels preserved.

Key words:
Operation approach; Vessel persevation; Spleen-preserving; Distal pancreatetomy


ABSTRACT Long-term effect of mungbean inclusion in lowland rice-wheat and upland maize-wheat systems on soil carbon (C) pools, particulate organic C (POC), and C-stabilization was envisaged in organic, inorganic and without nutrient management practices. In both lowland and upland systems, mungbean inclusion increased very-labile C (Cfrac1) and labile C (Cfrac2) in surface soil (0–0.2 m). Mungbean inclusion in cereal-cereal cropping systems improved POC, being higher in lowland (107.4%). Lowland rice-based system had higher passive C-pool (11.1 Mg C ha−1) over upland maize-based system (6.6 Mg C ha−1) indicating that rice ecology facilitates the stabilization of passive C-pool, which has longer persistence in soil. Organic nutrient management (farmyard manure + full crop residue + biofertilizers) increased Cfrac1 and carbon management index (CMI) over inorganic treatment. In surface soil, higher CMI values were evident in mungbean included cropping systems in both lowland and upland conditions. Mungbean inclusion increased grain yield of cereal crops, and yield improvement followed the order of maize (23.7–31.3%) > rice (16.9–27.0%) > wheat (lowland 7.0–10.7%; upland 5.4–16.6%). Thus, the inclusion of summer mungbean in cereal-cereal cropping systems could be a long-term strategy to enrich soil organic C and to ensure sustainability of cereal-cereal cropping systems.


The interaction of natural clay minerals with adsorbed water molecules by dielectric spectroscopy has been studied. In the samples observed the phenomenon of percolation was detected in the frequency range from 1Hz to 1MHz and temperatures from 70°C to +70°C due to the transfer of electrical excitation in the extensive network of open pores connected by migration of protons and ions on the outer surface of the beads. The obtained values of structural fractal dimensions as numerical characteristics of geometric heterogeneity of clay, calculated using two independent methods dielectric spectroscopy at a temperature of percolation and fractal analysis of micrographs, are in good agreement with each other.


Abstract Objective This study measured the performance of normal-hearing listeners on the Repeat-Recall Test (RRT) in two noise types (2-talker babble [2TBN] and continuous speech-shaped noise [SSN]) by two noise azimuths (0° and 180°) configurations at signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of 0, 5, 10, and 15 dB and quiet. Design Within-subject repeated measures. Study sample Twenty-one listeners with normal hearing who also passed cognitive screening were tested in the sound-field with the speech stimulus presented from 0° at 75 dB SPL in 4 noise configurations. The order of SNRs, noise configurations, and RRT topic conditions was counterbalanced across listeners. Results Analysis revealed that repeat scores were significantly better for 2TBN, for noise at 180°, and for high context (HC) sentences. Recall performance was significantly better for SSN and HC sentences. Listening effort ratings were higher for SSN and for noise front condition at SNR ≤ 10 dB. The 2TBN noise was tolerated longer than SSN. Performance on all measures improved with SNRs. Conclusions These data showed performance differences among noise configurations and provided a preliminary basis for comparison with hearing-impaired listeners' performance on the RRT.


Abstract In order to study the tenderness mechanism of difference in different parts of Yak meat, the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and its correlation with quality of Yak meat were studied by TMT (Tandem Mass Tags, TMT) quantitative proteomic method. The results showed that 25, 40 and 34 DEPs were identified in JR/HGT, WJR/HGT and WJR/JR groups, respectively. Correlation analysis between DEPs and quality traits of yak meat showed that there were 12 DEPs with significant correlation were correlated closely with quality traits.The relative contents of the 11 DEPs were significantly different in different parts (p < 0.05).There are 8, 9 and 6 key DEPs in JR/HGT, WJR/HGT and WJR/JR groups, respectively.The expression of these DEPs were down-regulated and up-regulated in different parts, and was closely related to the cell growth and death, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, protein binding, motility activity and unfolded protein binding.The significant difference of the expression of these key proteins in different parts is the internal reason of the difference of quality traits among WJR, JR and HGT.This provide a reference for the study on the mechanism of difference in Yak meat.


Pot culture experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of soil K level on K contents in various parts of rice plants.The results showed that K content of rice plant reduced gradually during whole growth period.As compared with tillering stage,K content of rice plant decreased by about 69% 75% at maturity stage.Both growing stage and soil K level were the key factors affecting K content of rice plant.At tillering stage,K content of leaf and sheath reduced significantly from top leaf to lower leaves.The ratios of the sheath K content to the corresponding leaf K content were all higher than 1,and the ratios increased accordingly as leaf K content increased.At jointing stage,the similar trend of K content among leaves was also observed as compared with that of tillering stage,but the decrement of K content from top leaf to lower leaves became smaller,and K content ratios of sheath to leaf also reduced,which ranged from 0.26 to 1.49.At full heading stage,K content of upper leave and sheaths was higher than that of lower leave or sheaths when K supply in soil was lower,but K content of lower leave was higher that that of upper leaves when soil K supply was higher.At maturity stage,K content of rice stalk ranged from 2.8 to 22.9 g/kg as the soil K supply increased,while K content of rice seeds remained about 5.0 g/kg.The above results indicated that rice K was preferentially accumulated in upper leaves at tillering stage,and the sheath is the reserve for luxury K uptake,while the lower leave and sheaths were the reserve for luxury K uptake after full heading stage.As rice K content varied greatly among different growing stages and different organs,it's important to choose the right stage and right organ for rice K status diagnoses.The ratios of sheath K content to corresponding leaf K content is possible a good index for rice K status diagnoses.


Cult local heroes from Belgiums THE PRICEDUIFKES dont really have anything left to prove. They already played The FEST (GNV) and Groezrock, toured the ...


We propose a novel feature, local histogram of figure/ground segmentations, for robust and efficient background subtraction (BGS) in dynamic scenes (e.g., waving trees, ripples in water, illumination changes, camera jitters, etc.). We represent each pixel as a local histogram of figure/ground segmentations, which aims at combining several candidate solutions that are produced by simple BGS algorithms to get a more reliable and robust feature for BGS. The background model of each pixel is constructed as a group of weighted adaptive local histograms of figure/ground segmentations, which describe the structure properties of the surrounding region. This is a natural fusion because multiple complementary BGS algorithms can be used to build background models for scenes. Moreover, the correlation of image variations at neighboring pixels is explicitly utilized to achieve robust detection performance since neighboring pixels tend to be similarly affected by environmental effects (e.g., dynamic scenes). Experimental results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing with four representatives of the state of the art in BGS.


This study evaluates the impact of the Small and Medium Enterprises Equity Investment Scheme (SMEEIS) on the growth of Nigerian SMEs. Questionnaires and interviews were used to sample firms and commercial banks in Lagos, an industrially active environment. Uncoordinated business plans and poorly packaged projects were found to be the most significant reasons why SMEs could not access funds from the scheme. Although the scheme had been helpful to some SMEs, most of them were not aware of its activities and potentials. Operators of the scheme should therefore make efforts to further create awareness and educate the entrepreneurs.


Predicting artists that are popular in certain regions of the world is a well desired task, especially for the music industry. Also the cosmopolitan and cultural-aware music aficionado is likely be interested in which music is currently "hot" in other parts of the world. We therefore propose four approaches to determine artist popularity rankings on the country-level. To this end, we mine the following data sources: page counts from Web search engines, user posts on Twitter, shared folders on the Gnutella file sharing network, and playcount data from last.fm. We propose methods to derive artist rankings based on these four sources and perform cross-comparison of the resulting rankings via overlap scores. We further elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of all approaches as they yield interestingly diverse results.


Objective To explore the clinical,radiographic and pathological characteristics of fibrous dysplasia(FD) and ossifying fibroma(OF) for improving the diagnosis accuracy.Methods Clinical data,radiographs and pathological slices of the 25 cases of FD and 16 cases of OF who visited our hospital between 1987-2011 were analyzed.Results Onset ages of patients had no difference between two groups(mean 22.56 years in FD and 28.25 years in OF).The former ratio of male to female was 1∶1,and the later was 5∶3.The maxilla was involved far more often than the mandible(72% and 62.5%,respectively),most commonly in the molar region.Radiographically,OF lesion was transparent and had obscure boundary like ground-glass.FD had clear tumor boundary and there was shadow showing defects and damage in bone mass.Pathologically,trabecular bone in FD patients was polymorphic,which didn′′t form tabular bone,while trabecular bone in OF patients formed tabular bone.However,mature FD had similarity with OF pathologically.Conclusions FD and OF are different diseases.It is necessary to make a definitive diagnosis by comprehensive study of the clinical cases,X rays and pathological slices.


Due to the default of statistics,the overall state and the development trends of the sports industry in Hunan Province are fuzzy,which results in the lack of authority for decision-making and policy development.Such default is reflected in three aspects:firstly,there are no authoritative and scientific statistical data;secondly,the statistical work is not effective and practical;thirdly,the sports industry statistical system is not perfect.To rapidly develop sports industry,the relevant government must attach great importance to the sports industry statistical work through implementation and maintenance.Furthermore,the statistical tasks must be clarified,the statistical quality be improved,and the statistical data be analyzed in depth and published.Thus,standardization and management regulation formulation of sports statistical work can be promoted steadily.


ABSTRACT The treatment of wastewater and excreta is one of the major challenges in low-income contexts. The urgency of recovery and reuse of nutrients for agriculture come into contrast with the risks for workers, farmers, and communities. This article presents the development of a risk-based methodology adapted from the Sanitation Safety Planning (SSP) and NaWaTech Safety and operation and management (O&M) planning approaches aimed at improving the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the Municipality of Iringa, Tanzania, selected as case study. The proposed approach is an innovative tool to identify and quantify the risk connected to hazardous events: the methodology was applied at the WWTP in order to identify and assess the risks related to the malfunctioning or to some exceptional events that could pose health risks to workers and nearby communities. The process permitted to identify the risk connected to the hazardous events in order to propose additional control measures for events having medium, high, or very high risk level. These additional control measures were aimed at improving current O&M procedures of the WWTP by the use of simple enhancements requiring low investments, as a first step toward the safeguard of the health of workers, farmers, and nearby communities.


this paper, we propose TBB-MAC, an enhancement for medium access control (MAC) protocol based on the token bus in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this type of networks, sensors are spatially correlated and they often sense and collect the information and send it to the sink. In this paper, we design an innovative contention-based MAC protocol to provide long network lifetime. Our ideas help wireless nodes at sleep mode as much as possible to avoid major energy waste causes, such as idle listening, collision and overhearing. We want to show that, TBB- MAC can be an efficient method to reduce redundant transmissions in sensor networks, thus diminishing energy consumption and transmission delay. Hence, the network lifetime can last longer and the sink receives events within shorter delays. We propose to apply our technique in S-MAC and T-MAC, the contention based protocols for WSN. By simulation and experimentation, we prove that TBB-MAC overpasses S-MAC and T-MAC in terms of energy consumption and transmission delay.


In this paper, the control and containment forces acting on the swash plate of an axial-piston pump are examined. The most novel aspect of this research is that it includes the analysis of a secondary swash-plate angle that is occasionally used in aerospace pump applications. From a practical standpoint, swash plate control and containment devices take on many different designs; however, they must all resist the same essential moments and forces that attempt to dislocate the swash plate from its proper position. By considering the basic machine design, this work generally derives the needed forces and moments for insuring proper swash plate motion and thereby gives the designer of these machines a useful tool for designing control and containment devices of any type. In this research, it is shown that the secondary swash-plate angle has a significant impact on the problem of swash-plate control and containment.


IntroductionIn their 2019 homelessness strategy, Welsh Government make the commitment for a Wales where homelessness is a rare experience, and if it does occur is brief and non-recurrent. However, measuring repeated homelessness/housing issues (or 'non-recurrence') has thus far not been possible in Wales, with only aggregate data collected nationally on interactions between people and local government housing-services. Drawing on recently available individual level data from a single local government area in Wales, we set out to explore repeated use of housing/homelessness services.
Objectives and ApproachThe sample used in this analysis relates to approximately 6,000 individuals who sought assistance from Swansea local government housing-service during a four-year period, from January 2012 to December 2015. In order to group people with similar epeated interactions with the housing service, we use analyses that firstly aggregate the total time spent interacting with the service and over how many distinct periods (Cluster analysis), and secondly explore patterns in sequences of month-by-month service use histories (Sequence Analysis).
ResultsWe describe the patterns of repeat housing-service use identified through the Cluster Analysis and the Sequence Analysis, and the characteristics of each group. We also directly compare the 'time-aggregating' and 'time-patterned' based approaches to classifying people, in order to illustrate the differences that methodology can bring to our conceptualisation of repeat housing service use.
Conclusion / ImplicationsThe findings from this study have the potential to inform Wales' move away from aggregate to individual level national homelessness data collection, by illustrating how individual level data can be used to provide new insights into homelessness. Exploring different conceptualisations of repeated housing-service use can also inform future developments in the measurement of repeat housing problems, and therefore monitor progress in achieving a Wales where homelessness is rare, brief, and non-recurrent.


Oncogenic targets acting in both tumor cells and tumor stromal cells may offer special therapeutic appeal. Interrogation of the Oncomine database revealed that 52 of 53 human breast carcinomas showed substantial upregulation of WNT family ligand WNT7B. Immunolabeling of human mammary carcinoma showed that WNT7B immunoreactivity was associated with both tumor cells and with tumor-associated macrophages. In the MMTV-PymTmousemodel of mammary carcinoma, we found tumor progression relied uponWNT7B produced by myeloid cells in the microenvironment. Wnt7b deletion in myeloid cells reduced the mass and volume of tumors due to a failure in the angiogenic switch. In the tumor overall, there was no change in expression of Wnt/b-catenin pathway target genes, but in vascular endothelial cells (VEC), expression of these genes was reduced, suggesting that VECs respond to Wnt/b-catenin signaling. Mechanistic investigations revealed that failure of the angiogenic switch could be attributed to reduced VegfamRNA and protein expression in VECs, a source of VEGFA mRNA in the tumor that was limiting in the absence of myeloid WNT7B. We also noted a dramatic reduction in lung metastasis associated with decreased macrophage-mediated tumor cell invasion. Together, these results illustrated the critical role of myeloidWNT7B in tumor progression, acting at the levels of angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. We suggest that therapeutic suppression of WNT7B signaling might be advantageous due to targeting multiple aspects of tumor progression. Cancer Res; 74(11); 2962–73. 2014 AACR.


Results of psychophysiological researches of a resistance to stress and mental adaptation of cadets of different military educational institutions with use of traditional questionnaires and stress-testing are analyzed. It is shown that the stress-testing allows to reveal with high reliability infringements of mental adaptation of cadets in a training initial stage, and can be used for the forecast of success of adaptation at carrying out of actions of professional psychological selection, serve for drawing up of individual programs of psychocorrectional actions.


The paper has mainly accomplished configuring the RS485 protocol.The RS485 protocol nowadays is applied to the industry locale mostly,but RS485 protocol is open,not accordant,that is a different RS485 device has a different protocol.So it requests the conversion cell to adapt to different RS4585 devices with non-accordant protocol.The paper uses single-chip microcontroller AT89S52 as main controller,and graphics programmer software LabVIEW as internet applications design tool.The serial communication protocol messages are inputted via LabVIEW by RS232,and are sent to the conversion cell for transferred by cell during in initializing the RS485 devices.After the debugging system,conversion cell can communicate with PC greatly,and can configuratie RS485 protocol successfully.


This paper outlines the development of an apparatus to supply air with both controlled temperature and relative humidity, at a variety of flow rates up to 114 L min - 1 . To achieve adjustable constant relative humidities in the air, the two-pressure principle was used. This method involved saturating the air at a higher pressure, and then passing the air through a pressure release valve to the lower working pressure to achieve the desired humidity, while controlling the temperature to the desired level. The absolute pressure when the saturation is achieved determines the humidity of the final air. Standard design procedures were followed to ensure the air approached saturation in the pressurized column and that the amount of water was sufficient to make sure the columns would not run out of water during an experiment. The problems encountered included a pressure fluctuation coming from the compressor through the pressure regulator, and a regular fluctuation in the temperature of the water, within a 90 min period, when the water temperature was used to control the air temperature exiting the column. These problems were overcome by using two-pressure regulators on the air supply and by controlling the temperature of the water rather than the air temperature. The result was a stable but adjustable temperature and relative humidity air supply.


Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour [MPNST] is often associated with Von 1 Reckling Hausen's disease with an incidence ranging from 2-29 %. It is a fact that 36% of von Reckling Hausen's neurofibromas[NF] transform spontaneously before the th 1,3 4 decade of life. MPNST developing in patients with NFI behaves more aggressively 1,2,3 than denovo tumour and metastasises within 2 yrs of diagnosis. Here we present a case of NFI who presented with localised gigantism of the right hand which on histopathology proved to be MPNST with areas of primitive neuro ectodermal tumour[PNET] differentiation arising from a preexisting neurofibroma.


To investigate the genetic regulation of platelet (PLT) levels we carried out a whole-genome association analysis in 6,528 Sardinians from the general population of the Lanusei valley. We found 6 variants significantly influencing PLT levels, including a novel rare missense mutation (p.Pro27Ser) in the GP1BB protein that is associated with PLT reduction (P=1.17x10-16). This mutation is rare in the SardiNIA population cohort (frequency of 0.45%), even rarer in the rest of the Sardinian island (frequency of 0.16%), and not reported elsewhere. Notably, GP1BB is involved in Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), a rare autosomal recessive bleeding disorder caused by a defect in the platelet GPIb-IX-V protein complex. Consistently, the 57 identified individuals heterozygous for the p.P27S mutation showed mild thrombocytopenia, morphologically enlarged platelets (P=2.13x10-10), and reduced expression of two GPIb-IX-V-complex components: GPIb (-26.51%, P=3.66x10-8) and GPIX (-24.69%, P=2.66x10-6). Molecular modeling infers a corresponding reduction in the stability of GP1BB. These observations predict that in homozygosity as well as in individuals carrying specific compound heterozygous configurations, this variant likely causes BSS.


The War on Drugs in the United States has been part of a system of social control targeting low‐income black and Latinx communities. While this statement has been contested, its validity is clear from an encompassing framework that considers the history of racially motivated laws and practices and moral panics among whites who have blamed drug‐related social problems and crime on marginalized racial groups. We develop a holistic and reproductive approach to understanding racial oppression by analyzing racial meanings and structural racism related to the War on Drugs. To uncover structural racism, we propose a framework that captures the relationship between drug policies and enforcement practices, racialized mass incarceration, the distribution of resources, and the reproduction of racial oppression in the United States. To examine racial meanings, we present findings from an in‐depth content analysis of newspaper articles and digital media discussing the War on Drugs. Based on over 30 years of news content—394 op‐eds, letters to the editor, and news articles and 3,145 comments drawn from the comments sections of online news articles—we argue that criminal justice practices and the distribution of racial meanings through the media act as racialized structuring mechanisms. We demonstrate how those mechanisms work in tandem to strengthen and naturalize the connection between racial groups and unequal social positions. We uncover how dominant racial meanings act as symbolic resources that maintain forms of structural racism such as the War on Drugs. Finally, we discuss the benefits of our approach and suggest relevant and necessary future research and practices.


Mobile communication, evolved continuously with the development of information science, is an important professional course for the major of communication engineering. Considering both the present situation of our country's various coexisting multiple access scheme of communication system and the characteristics of future development, we discussed the 5G oriented curriculum system from the purpose and content of theoretical teaching. It combined the principle of the mobile communication network architecture and the LTE specifications based on new technology models. Then merged with the idea of Maker, a multimedia and blackboard teaching mode has been preliminarily formed. The results show that adjusting the content of the course dynamically according to the progress of science technology can give students quicker access to cutting-edge knowledge and broaden their horizons; The teaching mode with the concept of Maker enables students to actively participate in the exploration of study, and makes it easier to simulate students' interest in the course, thus further improving the teaching quality.


Cardiovascular diseases are the world's leading cause of death with significant death rates caused by abnormalities in vessels such as aneurysms and stenosis. These conditions can potentially cause blockage and thinning of vessels which may lead to heart attack, stroke, and bleedings. Recently, computational simulation methods are frequently used in blood flow analysis. These methods are frequently used in vascular fluid dynamics analysis which relate to the origin of a disease, efficacy prediction in installation of therapeutic instruments and complements the in vitro studies. This article presents an example of a simple vascular simulation to study the effect of blood flow with respect to vascular wall displacement. Furthermore, this research shows the importance of formal CFD pre-processing such as mesh independence testing which influences the simlation accuracy as well as vascular flow prediction and its effects on vascular wall displacement. In this research, it is concluded that the number of mesh elements affects the accuracy of vascular wall shear stress (WSS) calculations with average WSS difference of 0.8 Pa with no significant difference in wall displacement values. An average WSS of 1.95 Pa and a wall displacement of 5.7 µm are obtained from the blood flow simulation in this study.


Data on 4528 women and 1093 men aged 15-24 years who were interviewed in Brazil s 1996 National Demographic and Health Survey are the basis for this study of fertility sexual behavior and reproductive health of young people. Among women and men respectively 81% and 78% were urban 14% and 21% had 0-3 years of schooling and 30% and 24% had 9 or more years. 28% of the women were married and 68% were single. 61% of the women and 34% of the men were economically inactive. In 1996 the age-specific fertility rate was 86 for women aged 15-19 and 152 for women aged 20-24. The rates were 78 and 144 in urban areas and 122 and 194 in rural areas respectively. 14% of adolescents aged 15-19 years were mothers and 4% were pregnant. The average ideal family size was 2.1 for women and 2.3 for men. 50% of the women and 78% of the men reported they were sexually experienced. About one-third reported they used contraception at their first premarital intercourse. 75% of women sexually active in the preceding month used contraception. 90% of women in union had ever used a contraceptive method and 63% currently used a method. 58% used a modern method. Unsatisfied demand for contraception among women in union was estimated at 10% for spacing and 5.5% for limiting births. 14.3% of women with children obtained no prenatal care and 33% were not vaccinated for tetanus. 93% of births occurred in health facilities. 74% of children aged 12-23 months were completely vaccinated. 86% of women knew about AIDS and 53% perceived no personal risk of AIDS.


Analysis of progeny of promising varieties of seabuckthorn has been carried out. Most efficient cross combinations were found out for selection on large berry size, thornlessness and different periods of rippening. Recomendations for the increase of success of selection have been given.


Life has become competitive in every respect. It is being observed that instead of going for traditional courses like Arts, Science and Commerce, students prefer job-oriented courses like Engineering, Medical, Law, Management, Chartered and Cost Accountancy. At the Post Graduate Level, MBA is the most preferred degree. The campus placement provided by the Business Schools with so-called lucrative compensation package remains the key attraction. Objective of this paper is to focus on the universal fact that study of a management student cannot be confined to study materials or textbooks and critical success factor for any management institution is its quality of the Faculty Members. Judging the quality of a Faculty Member just on the basis of academic qualification or industry experience cannot fulfill the ultimate purpose of the high quality delivery in the classroom. Continuous up-gradation of the skill, applying innovative teaching pedagogy on experimental basis, knowledge in versatile fields of management, following 100% case based teaching method and gradual shift from pedagogy to andragogy are the call of the day. The opportunities and challenges of offering management education would be emphasized in the proposed paper. It is paradoxical that no structured course is there for teaching or understanding pedagogy. No standard guideline is there for Business School Faculty Members in teaching in classrooms, case driven sessions, evaluation of students and giving feedback to students. But they are expected to be efficient mentor and they are expected to guide post graduation level students to shape them as efficient budding manager. The methodology used for preparing the paper is based on secondary information available on teaching and learning from books and journals authored by eminent national and international management experts. A critical analysis will be done on the methodology of teaching, preaching and professing practices which are followed by different national and international business schools in the current period.


Depth study of deformation characteristics of concrete can reveal failure mechanism of concrete materials based on strain. This paper studies the deformation characteristics of concrete under uniaxial compression, and draw conclusions that deformation can cause the expansion of internal micro cracks, in accordance with the expansion of micro cracks, the law of cracks development of concrete under uniaxial loads is divided into three stages, micro-cracks relatively stable, stable crack development period and unstable crack development period. The research results can provide valuable reference for future research work.


Modeling and Analysis of User-Centric and Disjoint Cooperation in Network MIMO Systems Caiyi Zhu Master of Applied Science Graduate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 2015 This thesis provides an analytical performance characterization of user-centric and disjoint cooperation for both uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) network multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) systems, where base-stations (BSs) form clusters to jointly transmit information to and receive information from multiple mobile users. We specifically focus on the user-centric BS clustering strategy in which cooperating cluster of neighboring BSs is formed for each user individually and the clusters for different users may overlap. We consider the random topology where the BSs and users form Poisson point processes to facilitate analysis. This thesis shows that as compared to with disjoint BS clusters, the effect of user-centric clustering is that it improves signal strength in both UL and DL, while reducing cluster-edge interference in the DL. As a result, user-centric clustering has larger ergodic rate gain in the UL than DL, while it has significant rate gain for cluster-edge users in the DL.


ART decreases the viral load to a minimum level and retains this level for a long time, however, an
increase in the number of CD4 lymphocytes is not always determined, which indicates the lack of immunological success
of ART. Despite the long-term use of ART, this category of patients retains an immunodeficiency state and, as a result,
an increased risk of the onset of AIDS.


This paper presents the results of a three-part investigation on the suitability of using hull panels with alternating fixed and floating frames for a 30-40 knot aluminum catamaran ferry. In Part I, prototype 4.6-m x1.8-m bottom hull panel with alternating frames is analyzed numerically and physically tested. The corresponding finite element analyses of the panel and test results are in good agreement. The results show that the floating frame hull panel design is a feasible structure for an aluminum catamaran. In Part II, the floating frame structure was then used for a 33-knot, 250-passenger aluminum catamaran ferry designed to meet the ABS High Speed Craft rules. A midship section of the catamaran hull was analyzed using the finite element method. The results show that the alternating floating frame structure is in compliance with the ABS rules stress allowables. In Part III the problem of stress concentration and fatigue is examined. 1 Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, University of New Orleans 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Orleans INTRODUCTION One of the critical design elements in high-speed ferries is the use of lightweight, high-strength hull structure, typically constructed of aluminum (Lee, 1996), (Kennell, 1998). In a large number of highspeed aluminum crewboats, (Spencer, 1975), (Henrickson, 1982) the hull panels are stiffened with longitudinals and alternating fixed and floating frames (frames welded on top of longitudinals). In addition to weight savings, the shipyards also indicate a significant reduction in hull fabrication man-hours. The introduction of high-speed craft rules open two questions: 1. Is the floating frame structure in compliance? 2. What is a suitable design? In order to answer these questions, the authors completed a three-part study, summarized in Table 1. Studies I – III were completed in the sequence summarized in Table 1. During Study I, the ABS HighSpeed Craft rules were under development, so the panel used was designed to be in compliance with the DNV High-Speed Craft Rules (Anon., 1994). In Studies II and III, the structure was revised for compliance with the ABS Rules for High-Speed Craft. STUDY I, PROTOTYPE PANEL TEST Study I (Latorre, et. al., 1997) (Herrington and Latorre, 1998) focuses primarily on Questions 1 and 2, is the floating frame in compliance and what is a suitable design? The study focused on the development of a 4.6-m x 1.8-m (15-ft x 6-ft) aluminum bottom panel for a 40-kt, 160 – 200-ton aluminum catamaran (Table 2). The resulting test panel used a 0.794-cm Al 5086-H116 bottom plate with 4 – 7.62-cm Al 5086-


In the United States, development of the National ITS Architecture was completed in 1996. The latest transportation legislation, the Transportation Efficiency Act of 1998 (TEA-21), required that federally funded ITS projects conform to the National ITS Architecture and standards. The completion of the National ITS Architecture and the development of a national policy has greatly accelerated use of architecture in ITS deployment. This paper discusses the lessons learned from the USDOT effort to implement the National ITS Architecture. Specific topics discussed include policy development approaches, communication issues, implementation challenges and issues for the future. For the covering abstract see ITRD E114174.


Airspace stabilization algorithm is designed for aircrafts to keep their antenna beams pointing to a fixed area when there are maneuvering.When given azimuth(AZ) and elevation(EL) instruction are not in the same coordinates,worse performance will get as bigger maneuvering occurs when using traditional algorithm.In this paper,an algorithm was given which could make radar scan center accuracy very close to expected value.As EL instruction getting worse during coordinate-transformation due to interaction of AZ and EL instruction,a solution was given.By the combination of these two methods,airspace stabilization performance would be improved.


In this paper, I describe how I practice therapeutic consultations with adolescents, explaining it through four excerpts from interviews, in the light of the reflection of some others who have helped my thinking. I speak of the overarching conditions of communication with my patient, particularly narcissistic identification. The central point of my technique is what I call the work of composition, which is defined as follows: the work of composition is a narration of diverse elements, which are sometimes unconscious and more often preconscious and manifest. It also establishes links between different regimes of functioning. At creation of the session, its components come indistinctly from the patient's presentation or from the analyst's thinking. The latter treats the narration in a propositional manner, tells suffering in a way other than in terms of symptoms, and does not aim to arrive at a profound truth. Concretely, this means that they must be ready to give up the narration if the patient judges it to be out of place or not useful. Its explicative character carries meaning, but this is not necessarily a causal hypothesis, and may take the form of enacting a conflict, or the formulation of a paradox. The composition is a narrative that can be infinitely rewritten, if necessary. It is also a proposition of a mode of functioning: various experiences and sources of pain or joy, which are sometimes contradictory or even paradoxical, can be recounted in a narration. The analyst invites the patient to become a composer themselves and, in so doing, to feel relief, or even to take pleasure in this. This is the sense in which composition is an instrument of transformation. I conclude by specifying that this work must lead to a deconstruction of bothersome functions, which are a source of suffering and hinder psychic development.


An introduction to the theory and application of optimization as a general-purpose problem-solving tool is presented. The use of optimization is greatly enhanced through the development of a general problem-formulation structure which is applicable to a wide range of problems. The work describes the use of various optimization strategies, and includes several examples of the use of optimization to obtain least-squares solutions for circuit and system designs using curve matching, nonlinear equation solving, and complex-plane optimization. >


A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 1999–2000 and 2000–2001 to study the response of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. & Cosson] to sowing date and row spacing. Sowing on 25 September and 5 October recorded significantly higher number of branches, seeds/siliquae, siliquae/plant, 1, 000-seed weight and seed yield than that on 15 October, 25 October and 4 November. Seed yield decreased progressively with delay in planting. However, seed yield was significantly influenced by different row spacing. Significantly higher seed yield/ha was recorded with 30 and 45 cm row spacing than 60 cm row spacing. A row spacing of 45 cm was found suitable for crop sown on 25 September and 5 October, while 30 cm was optimum for Indian mustard sown beyond 5 October. Oil content (%) was significantly influenced by sowing date but remained unaffected due to variation in row spacing.


In the interest of full disclosure, I will admit that I was predisposed to love this book. I am one of those Shakespeare geeks who swoons easily whenever I am reading or hearing his sumptuous langu...


The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) is charged with the collection and processing of oceanographic data worldwide in direct support of military operations. They are also a co-producer of digital products with the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA). They currently provide more than 1600 products a year in support of warfighter operations. The Meteorology and Oceanography (METOC) Geospatial Initiative (MGI) is designed to be part of an overall end-to-end reengineering of their production so that features can be derived directly from our data holdings, properly attributed, and made available to both NIMA and Department of Defense (DOD) for military operations. They provide products, to numerous multi-agency customers including Navy, Marine Corps, Army, Air Force, U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Defense Commanders in Chief, and U.S. Government agencies. MGI will reengineer NAVOCEANO production processes to build METOC datasets as fully attributed geospatial information. The datasets will comply with DOD-adopted feature and attribute coding standards. In this way, their products will be interoperable with those of NIMA. They anticipate that these products will be directly usable in military operations, especially on geographic information system (GIS) enabled electronic displays. The purpose of this effort is to provide systems engineering services, in phased increments, to bring NAVOCEANO production areas within the domain of standards-driven co-production. This paper describes the background and rationale for entering into a major reengineering effort that will result in a geospatially enabled production environment at NAVOCEANO.