Solenoid assembly (32) for locking a locking lever (62) of an electronic system (20) for selecting transmission areas (ETRS) in a non-parking position, with: a cantilever arm (108) which is biased against an element (78) of the locking lever (62), wherein the extension arm (108) is movable to an extended position to hold the locking lever (62) in its non-park position; and a solenoid, which is connected to the cantilever arm (108), wherein the solenoid is operable to the cantilever arm (108) selectively to move between the extended position and a retracted position, to the load lever (62) selectively in the non-parking position hold.


We estimate the impact of exchange rate uncertainty on investment, using panel estimation featuring a decomposition of exchange rate volatility derived from the components GARCH model of Engle and Lee (1999). For a poolable subsample of EU countries, it is the transitory and not the permanent component of volatility which adversely affects investment, implying high frequency shocks of the type that may be generated by volatile short term capital flows are most deleterious for investment. Results based on EGARCH also suggest that the response of investment to exchange rate uncertainty may depend partly on the sign of the initial shock. (100 words)


The textbook is prepared in accordance with the program of the course of the discipline "Municipal law of Russia" in the specialty "Jurisprudence" and contains answers to the main questions on the discipline. The publication takes into account the current level of knowledge on the organization of local self-government in Russia. It covers the main concepts, provisions, categories, institutions of municipal law, the process of formation and development of local self-government in our country.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of secondary professional education of the latest generation.
For students of educational organizations of secondary professional education, as well as cadets, students, postgraduates and teachers of law schools who study this issue.


BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE
Inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene p16INK4a is one of the most common genetic alterations in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), making it an ideal target gene for treatment of HCC. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of wild p16 gene on the biological behavior of HCC.

METHODS
HCC cell strains SNU-449 (loss of p16 protein expression) and HepG2.2. 15 (positive p16 protein expression) were respectively infected by a retrovirus expression vector of p16 gene (pcLXSN-p16). The stable p16 protein expression cell strains were selected. The biological behaviors of the p16 gene transfected HCC cells were observed.

RESULTS
SNU-449 with negative p16 protein expression demonstrated that pcLXSN-p16 treatment significantly inhibited cell growth (the amount of cells at G0-G1 phase increased). However, there was no treatment effect when pcLXSN-p16 was transfected in HepG2.2. 15 which has positive p16 protein expression. Subsequent study in a nude mouse model demonstrated that the p16 gene transfected SNU-449 had a lower succeeding rate of first time establishment of tumors and grew more slowly in the nude mice as compared with non-transfected SNU-449. Moreover, the nude mice inoculated with transfected SNU-449 had a longer survival time than those inoculated with non-transfected SNU-449.

CONCLUSION
The transfer of wild p16 gene can inhibit the proliferation and reduce the invasion ability of HCC cells with p16 negative expression, but can not affect the HCC cells with p16 positive expression.


Modeling for Polymer Design is a series of article that demonstrates that polymer science is a field driven by the discovery and development of materials with well-defined properties and applications as gene, vaccine or drug delivery payload. The articles in the series are designed to be used as a bridge between synthesis and modeling. The studies reported largely avoid complex mathematics and equations, focusing on the outcome of a particular modeling exercise. The series will commence with an article by Yohann Guillaneuf and colleagues who examine nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP) and provide an overview of the influence of the activation/deactivation and other parameters on the livingness of the process. Michelle Coote provides a review of the current facilities available for studying free radical polymerizations through high level ab-initio quantum chemical calculations.


The antibacterial activity of the combination ampicillin/cloxacillin has been tested in vitro against 300 pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. Synergism was observed for 43% of strains of E. co


Includes descriptive metadata provided by producer in MP3 file: "A collection of classic Vanderbilt radio calls from Joe Fisher." By CSTV.


Pathologic increases in bone resorption produce pain, fracture, hypercalcemia, and decreased bone mass in many disorders. In malignant diseases, particularly multiple myeloma and breast cancer, the ability of neoplastic cells to release factors that stimulate osteoclast resorption or direct resorption of bone not only produces symptoms but may also determine the localization and enhance the growth of the tumor. Thus, there is a need for safe and effective agents to block resorption. The usefulness of the agents currently available for this purpose is limited. Phosphate can produce soft-tissue calcification and secondary hyperparathyroidism, mithramycin is too cytotoxic for prolonged use, and . . .


Purpose
This study aims to investigate the impact of technologies on the knowledge transfer process. In particular, the authors aim to analyze the topic of knowledge brokers and the relationship between broker and digital tools in the knowledge transfer process in the sport context. The study developed, therefore, aims to investigate the creating of this environment for knowledge transfer and knowledge sharing between man and machine, looking to improve the planning of technical sports projects of the clubs.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a qualitative approach aimed at analyzing how platforms and the players' agents can be useful tools in the knowledge transfer process. The research was conducted through a survey with a structured questionnaire via e-mail to 64 managers at the head of clubs playing in the Italian Series B basketball in the 2021–2022 championship. The total number of questions administered is 21.

Findings
The results demonstrate how sports directors, for the construction of a technical sports project, in addition to learning off the pitch by interactions with media, fans, pressure management, leadership skills, positive attitude, tolerance, understanding of other opinions, background and cultures, see the athletes' agents as the main stakeholder of the managers. The research resulted, by the clubs' managers, in both formal learning and informal-type learning. Informal learning, by far the most frequently used and most important in the general learning process of executives, is identified in the use that executives make of information available on digital platforms and of the fiduciary relationships that management has with players' agents.

Originality/value
The results demonstrate the valuable opportunities for executives, coaches, managers and clubs to strategically manage learning and knowledge sharing. Improving and managing knowledge-sharing strategies would help increase knowledge, not only of the sports directors but also of the entire club, thus improving the absolute quality of the game within the Italian basketball divisions. The authors have developed an innovative framework regarding the construction of a "typed sports technical project", and the authors have identified a series of crucial phases capable of determining the creation of a new roster of athletes.


Background In Burkina Faso, Sahelian country with limited resources, the maternal mortality ratio is still high and anemia is one of the major contributing factors. To identify epidemiological aspects of postpartum anemia in order to better guide public policy in its prevention and management.Methods This was a secondary analysis of data from the 2010 Demographic and Health Survey in Burkina Faso. The classification of anemia in women according to the World Health Organization was considered. For the research of associated factors, moderate or severe anemia was considered.Results A total of 1616 women were included. Hemoglobin levels were less than 12 g/dl in 839 women (51.9%). It was less than 10 g/dl in 251 cases (15.5%). There has been a significant increase in the risk of postpartum anemia for women in the Sahel region (OR=2.9; IC [1.2-7.4]; p=0.024). The adjusted effect of the woman's status about postpartum amenorrhea also showed an increased risk in women still having no return from menstruation.Conclusion Anemia is common during postpartum. It is of multifactorial origin. Further studies are needed to better adapt its current prevention strategies and investigate the relationship between Sahel region and anemia.


In the early 1960s several people began to worry about the records of contemporary scientists and engineers; 'contemporary' for this purpose is defined as those who died after 1945. It was clear that this generation of scientists and engineers had changed history in all kinds of ways and yet no systematic efforts were being made to preserve their papers. The papers even of minor politicians poets and novelists were by contrast eagerly sought. I remember that my own concern dated from a visit to James Chadwick who, besides being a great scientist, had played a crucial diplomatic and administrative role in the wartime and postwar atomic project. He had retired to North Wales and showed me his attic lined with filing cabinets but when I asked what he was going to do with them, he gloomily replied 'burn them'. (They were subsequently preserved).


Bacterial resistance is an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, it is necessary to find new antibacterial drugs. Flavonoids are a class of polyphenolic chemicals with low molecular weight, which exhibit many beneficial properties for human health by the interaction of cellular targets, such as the key cell signaling pathways. Flavonoids have been extensively studied as one of the important sources of antimicrobial compounds. At present, antibacterial flavonoids can be divided into two categories. One is the natural, extracted from the plant or microbial secondary metabolites. The other is the product of chemical synthesis, i.e. the derivatives of flavonoids or chalcone. In this paper, the progress of antibacterial flavonoids by natural extraction and chemical synthesis were summarized.

Key words:
Flavononids; Antibacterial; Natural extraction; Chemical synthesis


Wastes from plastics are ubiquitous and have become a critical global challenge, especially in Africa. There is an urgent call to combat the menace because of its harmful impact on the ecosystem. The research methodology used is the exploratory technique. Circular economy (CE) is the answer to this global problem, especially in advanced countries. Even though some African countries have commenced recycling waste plastics, which is a contribution to circular economy, the idea is now gaining support in Ghana. The aim of this study is to propose a strategy and design a customized business model canvas for an establishment that transforms different types of waste plastics into pavement slabs and paving tiles in Ghana. The rationale is to accentuate the significance of introducing CE as a tool for effective and efficient plastic waste management in the country.


Lincoln Center, New York, 23 July 1965. The New York Philharmonic's highly publicized, lavishly funded, and well-attended French-American Festival was slightly past its midpoint when it offered an innovative and grandiose spectacle. The ninth performance of the series opened with works by some of the best-known French and American composers of the time-Edgard Varese's Hyperprism (1922-23), Pierre Boulez's Improvisation sur Mallarme II (1957), and Elliott Carter's Second String Quartet (1959). But the novelty of these works paled in comparison to the after-intermission entertainment: a single forty-minute aural and visual extravaganza devised by John Cage and Merce Cunningham titled Variations V. Lukas Foss, the festival's artistic director, succinctly summarized his agenda: "What distinguishes this festival from many others," he said, "is that it tries to tempt prominent artists to do things they don't ordinarily do."1 Cage and Cunningham were only too happy to oblige. Cage enlisted three composers-James Tenney, Malcolm Goldstein, and Fredric Lieberman-to operate the dozens of tape recorders and radios that provided the aural content of the production. The output from these devices fed into a fifty-channel mixer designed by Max Mathews of Bell Laboratories. Cage and David Tudor worked the mixer controls. So many wires ran from the electronic sound sources to the mixing board that Robert Moog (who was busy supervising his own machinery) recalls the eerie sensation of walking back and forth on a soft bed of Radio Shack cables.2 The stage set consisted of twelve 5-foot-high antennas Moog had built for the occasion, capacitance devices that sensed the proximity of the seven dancers: Cunningham, Carolyn Brown, Barbara Dilley Lloyd,3 Sandra Neels, Albert Reid, Peter Saul, and Gus Solomons. At the base of the antennas were additional sensors, a set of photocells built by Bell Lab engineers under the supervision of the Swedish research scientist Wilhelm (Billy) Klfiver. Whenever the dancers interrupted the light to the photocells or came within a four-foot radius of the antennas, they


h e prevalence of anemia in patients with
advanced heart failure is signii cant and is
present in more than 50 % of this patient
population. h e exact pathophysiologic
mechanism of anemia in heart failure is
still not known – it could be a direct consequence of the heart failure or it could be
caused by some other disease in this population of polymorbid patients. h ere are several mechanisms through which heart failure could contribute to the development of
anemia. h e most plausible among them are
hemodilution, renal insui ciency, increased
proinl ammatory cytokines, malnutrition,
decreased erhythropoiesis in bone marrow
and heart-failure medications (predominantly ACEI). Anemia is an independant
risk factor for recurrent hospitalizations and
increased mortality. Several small-scale studies demonstrated that the treatment of anemia in heart-failure patients decreased heart
failure signs and symptoms in this patient population. Anemia in heart-failure patients
can be treated with: blood transfusion, iron
replacement therapy, or with synthetic analogues of erhythropoietin. Before the treatment with synthetic analogues of erhythropoietin. is started, other causes of anemia
(gastrointestinal bleeding, malnutrition,
renal insui ciency, hematological diseases
and malignancies) have to be excluded. Iron
blood levels, ferritin, transferrin and TIBC
also have to be determined. If body iron
stores are depleted, iron has to be replaced
intravenously, the target levels of ferritin being around 250 ng/mL. If anemia persists
at er 2 weeks of iron replacement therapy, treatment with erhythropoietin is indicated.
Currently 4 erhythropoietin analogues are
available: epoetin α (Eprex®), epoetin β (NeoRecormon®), darbepoetin α (Aranesp®) and
metoksipolietilenglikol epoetin β (Mircera®).
Anemia needs to be treated in all NYHA III
and IV heart failure patients and hemoglobin
levels below 110 g/dL. h e treatment of anemia with erhythropoietin and the adjustment
of its doses should be done by heart-failure
specialist. Patient follow up and regular CBC
screening can be done by general practitioners. h e Hb target values are between 120
and 130 g/dL.


Objective
To observe the clinical effect by using insulin detemir therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).

Methods
Thirty children and adolescents with T1DM were divided into 2 groups to receive Humulin R and Determir(observation group, n=15) or Humulin R and neutral protamine hagedorn(NPH)(control group, n=15)insulin therapy.Daily insulin dose, glycemic variability, incidence of non-severe and severe hypoglycemia events after the institution of insulin therapy were collected.

Results
The daily doses of insulin were (1.16±0.30)U/kg in the observation group and(1.21±0.35) U/kg in the control group, respectively.There was no clinically important change between 2 groups(t=0.526, P>0.05). Within-subject variation in fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower in observation group(29%)than that in control group(65%)(t=5.296, P<0.01). One case of severe hypoglycemia event occurred in the observation group, but 5 cases occurred in the control group(t=4.863, P<0.01). Two cases of nocturnal hypoglycaemia(22:00-7:00) events occurred in the observation group, 7 cases occurred in the control group(t=4.506, P<0.01).

Conclusions
Institution of insulin detemir therapy is associated with low within-subject variation in fasting plasma glucose and decreased rates of severe and nocturnal hypoglycemia while dose of insulin did not increase.This makes insulin detemir a valuable new tool for the treatment of children and adolescents with T1DM.

Key words:
Insulin detemir; Neutral protamine hagedorn; Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Child; Adolescent


Routine provision of computer education and training by public educational institutions for all students at public expense is not the norm in many first world nations. "User pays" and other educational policy norms suggested by economic rationalist assumptions prevail. The paper tries to identify and criticise these from a Neo-Aristotelian point of view, arguing that if politics and policy is suspended from an ethics of equal empowerment to virtue, states in justice have duties to educate and train in vital skills needed by citizens to attain wellbeing. Less affluent citizens have a right to be assisted to exercise their right to knowledge and less affluent nations likewise have strong claims on affluent first world nations.


The Australian Beef Supply Chain is the chain or sequence of all activities from the breeding property to the domestic or overseas consumers. The objective of this research is to describe beef supply chains in Australia and to explore and measure the performance of such chains (i.e. efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity). In addition to this it is to suggest alternative configurations for these supply chains that enhance performance of the businesses concerned and to develop a new design methodology for integrated supply chains based on process modeling, performance analysis and optimization of production and inventory distribution networks.


1. It has become to be noticed that many important theorems in the theory of regular or meromorphic functions can be extended to some wider classes of functions. For example, Picard's theorem holds for pseudo-regular functions under certain conditions 1 and even Fatou's theorem can be established2. In this paper I will show how the generalizations of the theorems concerning the measure of the set of exceptional values and of boundary values to a class of more general functions are possible.


In heterogeneous fields in which the soil water properties and the initial salinity vary under a deter- ministic water application rate uniform throughout the field, the salinity during leaching might also differ from place to place. A geostatistical approach was used to investigate the spatial variability of three soil properties: the saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks, the soil characteristic α = d log (K)/d(ψ) (K being the soil hydraulic conductivity and ψ being the pressure potential), and the dispersivity λ, as well as the initial salinity EC0, by using actual measured field data. These properties were used as input parameters of a simplified water and salt flow model, which in turn was coupled with the conditional simulation method to analyze the salinity profile and its spatial distribution during leaching in a 187-ha plot of land. Analysis of the results showed that 107 hours of continuous leaching (6527 m3 ha−1) were required to obtain an average salinity of EC* = 5 dS/m for the field layer between the soil surface and the 40-cm depth. By considering the leaching of the different sites in the field, rather than that of the entire field, it was shown that, theoretically, the amount of water for leaching required to obtain EC* = 5 dS/m uniformly throughout the field can be reduced to 4038 m3 ha−1 (a reduction of 38%). Practically, since the field had to be subdivided into small subplots and because of engineering design requirements for the water supply system, the amount of water for leaching required to obtain the above-mentioned value of EC* for the entire field (5193 m3/ha) could be reduced by only 20%.


Channel guide lasers are, for the first time, demonstrated with ln/sub 0.18/Ga/sub 0.82/As-GaAs-In/sub 0.49/Ga/sub 0.51/P strained quantum well heterostructure on p-type GaAs substrate (/spl lambda/L= 980nm). The uncoated lasers show CW laser thresholds of 12mA at RT and high output powers of 125mW.


To understand the effect of material plasticity on stress corrosion cracking(SCC) growth in structural materials at high temperature water environments of nuclear power plants,the stress-strain field at the tip of a SCC constituted by base metal and oxide film in nickel base alloy was analyzed by elastic plastic finite element method(EPFEM) in a commercial FEM code.The effects of yield stress on the stress-strain field at the tip of the SCC were obtained.The results show that the stress in the base metal zone increases as the material yield stress increases and the plastic strain in base metal zone decreases as the material yield stress increases at the crack tip,and show that both the stress and the plastic strain in the oxide film decreases as the material yield stress increases at the crack tip.


In this paper, we present a novel and robust Bayesian approach for autonomous active exploration of unknown objects using tactile perception and sensorimotor control. Despite recent advances in tactile sensing, robust active exploration remains a challenging problem, which is a major hurdle to the practical deployment of tactile sensors in robots. Our proposed approach is based on a Bayesian perception method that actively controls the sensor with local small repositioning movements to reduce perception uncertainty, followed by explorative movements based on the outcome of each perceptual decision making step. Two sensorimotor control strategies are proposed for improving the accuracy and speed of the active exploration that weight the evidence from previous exploratory steps through either a weighted prior or weighted posterior. The methods are validated both off-line and in real-time on a contour following exploratory procedure. Results clearly demonstrate improvements in both accuracy and exploration time when using the proposed active methods compared to passive perception. Our work demonstrates that active perception has the potential to enable robots to perform robust autonomous tactile exploration in natural environments. to detect, explore and manipulate objects 7]. However, despite these advances in tactile sensing technology, robust computational methods for real-time active control of biomimetic sensors during an autonomous exploratory procedure have not been developed. This paper presents a novel and robust Bayesian approach for actively controlling a biomimetic fingertip during autonomous exploration of an unknown object. We consider a task of actively exploring object contours with two types of movement: 1) local repositioning to improve perception (fingertip position normal to contour), and 2) movements to accomplish the exploration task (edge orientation to move tangentially along the contour). We utilise a computational method for estimation of position and edge orientation based on Bayesian optimal decision making that reduces the uncertainty of the measurements from the tactile sensor. This method improves tactile perception by accumulating


Assuming a non-relativistic three species electron-positron-ion plasma, the counterstreaming instability is investigated for waves propagating parallel and perpendicular to a homogeneous background magnetic field. To support previous analytical investigations (Tautz and Sakai 2007), the instability is investigated by means of self-consistent particle-in-cell simulations. It is shown that the presence of a third particle species is responsible for a variety of new features that cannot be seen either from an electron-ion plasma or for an electron-positron plasma.


The surface layer of the ocean undergoes temperature variations which occur at several different temporal scales: a diurnal cycle reSecting day and night variability, an annual cycle showing seasonal variations in insolation and weather, and interannual to decadal cycles, indicating large-scale, long-term climate variability. The strength of a given cycle also depends on the location, for example, seasonal variability in sea surface temperature is smaller in the tropics than at high latitudes. The heat balance for the near-surface layer is found by vertically integrating the temperature equation from the bottom of the layer, h, to the sea surface to obtain:


Simulation was performed on polymer melt in the mixing section of a series disc extruder by Polyflow software.Mixing index and segregation scale were statistically obtained,which were used to describe the influence of technological parameters( speed and feeding rate) on the mixing performance of the series disc extruder. It was found that the dispersive and distributive mixing performance of the series disc extruder increased with increasing speed,dispersive mixing performance of the series disc extruder decreased with increasing feeding rate. But the feeding rate had little influence on distributive mixing performance of the series disc extruder.


Abstract Background and aims: The association between bone turnover markers and bone mass in adolescence is not clear. We aimed to evaluate the associations between bone turnover markers and bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD) and area (BMA). Subjects: A total of 56 adolescents (25 boys, 12.5–17.5 years) participated in the study. Methods: Bone mass and physical activity (PA) were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and accelerometers. Osteocalcin and amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), as markers of bone formation, and β-isomer of the C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, as marker of bone resorption were also measured. Sexual maturation, weight, height and average PA were considered as confounders. Results: Positive correlations (Pearson) were observed among the three bone turnover markers (r=0.7–0.9). Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses showed that PINP was strong and negatively associated with BMC, BMD and BMA in girls, explaining 24.9% of the variance in BMC, 25.6% in BMD and 16.3% in BMA. Conclusion: PINP is a strong predictor of bone related variables in pubertal girls.


Two divergent views regarding the role of emotional feelings exist among psychologists and Christians. These are that (a) behavior should follow from and be consistent with feelings, and (b) feelings are primarily reactions to behavior. A case of a male suffering from cyclic negative and positive emotional states as a consequence of deviant behavior and alternating comparison groups is analyzed from the perspectives of a cognitive consistency principle and the theory of social comparison. The implication is that behaviors and emotions stabilize when Christ is the focus of comparison.


RDA(Relational Discriminant Analysis) is a way of finding classifiers based on the dissimilarity measures among the prototypes extracted from feature vectors instead of the feature vectors themselves. Therefore, the accuracy of the RDA classifier is dependent on the methods of selecting prototypes and measuring proximities. In this paper we propose to utilize PRS(Prototype Reduction Schemes) and Mahalanobis distances to devise a method of increasing classification accuracies. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism increases the classification accuracy compared with the conventional approaches for samples involving real-life data sets as well as artificial data sets.


This review is, it must be admitted, seriously late in appearing. The reviewer, faced with the task of evaluating the work of a series of major scholars across several centuries of Roman history, balked at the notion of rushing to completion of the task, and the result, perhaps inevitable, was its postponement. One consequence of the delay, however, has been to place these two books in a truer perspective than had the review been done immediately after their appearance at the end of 1989. At that time this reviewer was beset instantly with mixed emotions: on the one hand, a feeling of pleasure and gratitude that the volumes had at least appeared after what was clearly a lengthy period of gestation; but also a sense of irritation that they were already substantially out-of-date. The reason for these sensations was of course the same. As the prefaces to the volumes make clear, the project itself had been delayed, not least by the tragic deaths of two of their four editors, Martin Frederiksen and Robert Ogilvie; and further by demise of two of the major contributors, Arnaldo Momigliano and H. H. Scullard. This had not only meant the reorganisation and rewriting of the considerable parts of the two books for which these scholars were directly responsible, but also a long gap between the writing and the publication of others. The result was that, for example, (to take an instance which the reviewer noted immediately) W. V. Harris' chapter on Roman expansion in the west in volume VIII omitted to note J. S. Richardson's Hispaniae, issued by the same publisher as the CAH in 1986. A note at the end of the chapter, recording that it was completed in 1981, provided the explanation. This is but one example of what at the time seemed a major flaw. Since late 1989, the passage of time has reduced the significance of such omissions. It is still true that the two books should be regarded as the product of the mid-1980s rather than the end of the decade, and in particular that the extensive bibliographies, which are a welcome addition to the rather scanty lists in the first edition, should be treated with appropriate reserve. Nonetheless the extent of the achievement that they represent is perhaps clearer now than at their first appearance.


We describe recent work aimed at the integration of a visualization package and a virtual reality system, with the emphasis on the re-use and enhancement of commercially available products. The objective of the work is to determine what advantages (if any) are to be gained by combining the visualization package (which is well-suited for the conversion of numerical data into appropriate geometrical representations) with the comparatively novel immersive navigation methods of virtual reality. Our system—called VIVRE—was designed and built to meet the requirements of users who were to apply it to real industrial problems. They found that the use of the new navigation methods were advantageous for large datasets, and that direct interaction with elements of the visualization (for example, cutting planes) gave new insight into their data. CR Categories: I.3.4 [Computer Graphics]: Graphics Utilities—Graphics Packages; I.3.6 [Computer Graphics]: Methodology and Techniques—Interaction Techniques; I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism—Virtual Reality;


New polyconjugated polymers have been synthesized by oxidative polymerization of benzylidene-m-phenylenediamines. The morphology, particle size distribution, thermal and electrical properties of the obtained polybenzylidene-m-phenylenediamines have been investigated. The morphology of the particles of the obtained polymers was determined. It was shown that the synthesized polybenzylidene-m-phenylenediamines exhibit noticeable thermal stability and electrical conductivity. In this case, the thermal stability and the process of decomposition of polybenzylidene-m-phenylenediamines substantially depend on the chemical structure of the side fragments of macromolecules.


Using the notions of state and history we analyze and reason about a two-process concurrent buffer algorithm. 1 Concurrent buffer queue specification We repeat in this section some definitions that were made in a previous lecture about queues, but now the queue is assumed to have a bounded capacity. A queue is a FIFO data structure which supports two operations, enqueue and dequeue, so that the value of any dequeue operation D is the value of the earliest enqueue E that precedes D and whose value has not yet been dequeued. We want in this section to answer the following specification problem. Suppose that we have a sequence of events e0, e1, . . . which may be infinite, and is such that every event ei is either a dequeue event (we write deq(ei)) or is an enqueue event (and we write then enq(ei)). Suppose moreover that we have a function Val∗ defined over these events with value into some Data domain. The question is this: under what conditions can we say that the sequence is a sequence of valid operations on a bounded fifo queue? A queue-state is represented by a finite sequence Q of Data values. If n = |Q| is the length of the sequence, then Q[0], . . . , Q[n − 1] are the Data items of Q. We think of Q[0] as being the "head" value of Q and Q[n − 1] as its tail value. We assume a bound K on the length of the queue, and so 0 ≤ |Q| ≤ K. The queue is said to be empty when |Q| = 0 and full when ∗mathematical models for concurrency 2014, Ben Gurion University of the Neguev.


Four cases of volvulus of the colon amongst the demented population on the female side of a mental hospital have been described. Aetiological factors stressed were the high incidence in long-standing mental hospital patients, the relationships to diet and constipation, a preponderance in men, the location of the condition almost exclusively in the sigmoid area of the colon in the elderly patients and frequently a previous history of intestinal dysfunction. It has been suggested that the increased use of tranquilizers predisposes to constipation, is likely to mask symptomatology, and that many of the demented patients in whom volvulus is likely to occur have lost the bowel habit and require habit training. The importance of this and other forms of treatment in relationship to the care of the elderly in institutions was stressed.


Abstract We have developed a simple and an efficient route to a range of angularly fused spirocycles by the application of enyne metathesis and the Diels–Alder reaction as key steps. The enyne metathesis protocol has been further extended to the dibenzylation of indane-1,3-dione by using cross-enyne metathesis in the presence of hexa-1,5-diene with the aid of Grubbs' 1st generation catalyst followed by an aromatization sequence with DDQ.


Abstract The present study examined changes in intelligence in Negro children at ages 4 and 7 as a function of sex, home stability, and educational level of their parents. Children of parents with a high school education obtained higher IQ scores than children of parents without a high school education. This effect interacted with age in such a fashion that the differences were significant at age 4 but not at age 7. These results were interpreted as supporting an interaction hypothesis concerning the relative effects of heredity and environment on intelligence. Home stability and age also produced a significant interaction such that children from unstable homes obtained higher IQs at age 4 than children from stable homes, but then at age 7 they obtained significantly lower IQs than children from stable homes. These findings were interpreted as supporting the notion of a dependency relationship between mother and child.


It is suggested by many scholars that if the goal of engineering education is to produce engineers who can critically design and create, then providing students with early opportunities to engage in creative engineering design is important. While basic design is focused on the development of new products for the individual, working towards a more sustainable world demands greater attention to designing for and with communities. Improving design education and examining design-learning outcomes requires a kind of targeted approach that could match the best practices to personalize student learning. Design is complex and design includes balancing the needs of multiple stakeholders. However, there is a gap in the preparation of design education that will be needed in a challenging environment. This paper reviews the history of design thinking in the engineering curriculum. Design thinking education starts with an understanding of its importance with socioeconomic relevance. Through observation and empathy, mapping the designer uses the listening and learning tools for mapping users unarticulated needs, working in a team environment. The designer takes time to think carefully why a certain project is considered and details which aspects of machine learning application can be applied from functional to complete success for the end users. The availability of powerful virtual reality methodologies, have made it possible to consider the realistic needs and visualize scenarios and to explore the design alternatives with new ideas before full scale resource allocation on new ideas. Mid-to-advanced level courses with experimental assignments require that students apply through experimentation the principles and concepts learned in foundation courses. The basic design tools such as axiomatic thinking, theory of inventive problem solving, design iteration and simulation using hardware-in-the loop are discussed with case studies. Consideration of product sustainability with the thoughts of design for disassembly and disposal has emerged as a major part of design thinking. Senior engineering courses center on cross and interdisciplinary design and capstone experiences so that students experience fully guided practice of device design and problem solving, simulating what they are likely to experience in the world. This paper examines the critical issues of design thinking in a curriculum from observation, empathy mapping, validation of the idea, and improvement of idea by virtual reality and machine learning, optimization of the idea by tools such as axiomatic design, hardware in the loop simulation, and finally examining product sustainability causes.


ABSTRACT In this study, we evaluated whether extracts of the roots of Hibiscus syriacus (HSR) exert immune activation activities and elucidated its potential mechanism in macrophages. The HSR dose-dependently increased the production of immunomodulators such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) activated phagocytosis in macrophages. Inhibition of toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) reduced the production of immunomodulators induced by HSR. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling attenuated the production of immunomodulators induced by HSR. Based on the results of this study, HSR was thought to activate macrophages through the production of immunomodulators and phagocytosis activation through TLR4-dependent MAPKs, NF-κB and PI3K signaling pathways. Therefore, it is thought that the HSR has the potential to be used as agents for enhancing immunity.


Free Space Optics (FSO) communication is a demanding efficient wireless technology which have been accepted due to its low power and mass requirements, high data rates and unlicensed spectrum. Atmospheric disturbances have a significant impact on performance of FSO Link which causes to degrade the laser beam. In this paper, the communication of 650nm red laser through free space is studied by experimentally. The FSO link can tolerate maximum attenuation up to 19.79 dB/km at the rain rate of 2.716mm/minute. The effect of rain on the visible light communication has taken three different cases of rain attenuation on the FSO link that depends on the rain drop sizes.


COURTSHIP feeding is widespread among birds and has presumably evolved independently from different origins (Lack, 1940, Johnston, 1962). Lack and Johnston reported courtship feeding in only two species of Galliformes, but Williams et al. (1968) list 12 species. This paper reports on the widespread occurrence of courtship feeding in galliforms, the nature of the display movements and calls involved, and their relationship to parental feeding behavior. Information came in part from the literature but mostly from close observation of some 60 species of galliforms in captivity at the San Diego Zoo, the Los Angeles Zoo, and the large private collectio.n of Alfred D. Hinkle, in Alpine, California. We are grateful to Mr. Hinkle and K. C. Lint, Curator of Birds at the San Diego Zoo, for their assistance.


Before the era of Google, print indexing was its own complicated art and science. Through the efforts of two dedicated volunteers, OSA created several comprehensive- and functional- cumulative indexes of its journal contents.


Study in thematic architectural design studios for undergraduate students requires the participants to be able to convey the image and the meaning behind it through architectural design. Skills on comprehensive design process and utilization of appropriate methods are determine the success on implementing architectural meanings through design theme. This research aims to find exploring ideas methods which are effective be used to for generate thematic concepts. The research uses qualitative strategies to examine the processes and products outcomes of studio participant's study that are controlled through design theories which studied by them. It was concluded that analogic design method is an effective category to be used, both analogy by sources inside architecture field and outside. Both analogy of form, meaning, and image. In addition, the level of diversity and depth understanding of design methods also influence the success of architectural design by themes.


Lorentz symmetry is the invariance of physical laws under rotations and boosts. As a global symmetry over Minkowski spacetime, it underlies the theory of Special Relativity and the Standard Model of particle physics, where it is intimately tied to CPT invariance. As a local symmetry of freely falling frames, it is an essential component of General Relativity. Nonetheless, the possibility exists that nature may exhibit tiny violations of Lorentz symmetry. This talk presents some perspectives on the basic motivations and reasoning in this subject. Since Lorentz symmetry has been verified in many experiments, as has CPT invariance, it is reasonable to ask why relativity violations are worth considering. A sufficient theoretical motivation is the need for a consistent description of Lorentz and CPT violation to offer guidance for experimental tests. However, a stronger motivation is the prospect that Lorentz and CPT violation can serve as a sensitive potential signal for physics at the Planck scale. In fact, the present interest in the subject was triggered by the realization that natural mechanisms for Lorentz and CPT violation exist in unified theories at the Planck scale. The large range of existing phenomenological and experimental activities stems from the application of effective field theory and the construction of the Standard-Model Extension (SME) to catalogue and predict observable effects.


In recent years, electronic commerce or e-commerce has experienced significant growth worldwide. Retail companies utilize e-commerce platforms to sell their products to customers in various countries. In this context, a good understanding of sales data and trends in the global market becomes crucial for optimizing marketing strategies and improving sales performance. Data visualization plays a vital role in transforming complex sales data into easily understandable graphs, charts, and tables. Tableau, as a popular data visualization tool, aids retail companies in creating appealing and informative dashboards, understanding global sales trends, identifying business opportunities, and making evidence-based decisions. In this research, descriptive analysis is used to provide a concise and detailed overview of sales data in the global retail industry. The visualization results using Tableau reveal that New Zealand is the country with the highest sales, the year 2014 had the highest sales, and personal care products are the most purchased items by consumers. This research provides valuable insights for retail companies to optimize their marketing strategies and make better-informed decisions based on a deeper understanding of their sales data.


A process for cyclizing 2,4-dibromobutyric acid (DBBA) to alpha-bromo-gamma-butyrolactone (BBL) which comprises contacting the dibromobutyric acid with a base at a temperature between 20 DEG C. and 100 DEG C. and a pH below about 4.0.


Crop growth monitoring is very important in agriculture resource management. Crop growth monitoring could provide crop state information for the decisive maker and reflect variety information of crop yield in time. The index of crop growth monitoring has closely relation with crop yield, which could as early as forecast large-scale food state that possibility missing or surplus. Therefore, there are important meanings to the macro control for food. Traditionally, the monitoring of crop growth and yield forecasts are made on the basis of samples by field visits or written inquiries. On national scale, the processing of these sample data is an expensive and time-consuming procedure. Recent developments in remote sensing technologies have created promising opportunities for monitoring agricultural crop growth. The moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) is one detector board on Terra's (EOS-AMI), which was lunched on December 18, 1999 by NASA. It offers a unique combination of spectral, temporal, and spatial resolution compared to previous global sensors, making it a good candidate for large-scale crop growth monitoring. The paper studied the method of crop growth monitoring based on data of MODIS/TERRA vegetation indices. Results from the study not only monitor the crop growth in investigation area, but also illustrate the powerful potential to provide information about crop growth based MODIS VI data.


The invention discloses a carburant, a preparation method of the carburant and a smelting method of molten iron containing vanadium, wherein the carburant contains carbon (C) and silicon carbide (SiC). The carburant comprises, by weight, 3-30 parts of SiC relative to 100 parts of C. The preparation method of the carburant is simple, the usage amount of the carburant is small in the carburetion process of semisteel, the carbon content in the semisteel can be effectively improved, meanwhile, the temperature-rising effect is good, the operation is simple, and the preparation method of the carburant enables a steel-making process of the semisteel to be more smoothly carried out.


In consideration of the shortcomings of aciding high reaction speed,small treatment radius,more dissolved clay,less dissolved quartz and poor matrix recontruction effect in a conventional acid fluid used for water injector acidizing of almost oilfields at present,a new type retarded acid system(OPSA) has been developed which can be used for in-depth acidization of sandstone formation,it composed mainly of organic phosphonic sulphonic acid and fluore salt and series additive.At the same time,the subsidiary acidizing technology also developed.The technique is practical applicatied in 42 wells in the HeNan oilfield with technological success ratio of 100%,valid acidizing ratio of 92.9%.


Determining the timing (i.e. onset and withdrawal) of monsoon season precisely and objectively is an important yet difficult task. Conventional methods mainly define the monsoon timing as the date when the selected atmospheric variables (e.g. rainfall and wind) exceed an arbitrary threshold. These methods present little explicit justification and are subjective and sensitive to the fluctuation of the selected series. In this study, we propose an objective method to determine the onset and withdrawal of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) using the cumulative low‐level zonal wind. Our proposed approach provides an easy, objective, and applicable method that is recommended for the detection of the timing of monsoon season. On the basis of the proposed definition, the SCSSM onset and withdrawal are determined, and their accompanying processes are also examined in this paper. Both onset and withdrawal of SCSSM exhibit strong variability, and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation plays an important role. Via the modification of the western North Pacific subtropical high, a preceding El Niño (La Niña) event can delay (advance) the monsoon onset and advance (delay) the monsoon withdrawal.


Preliminary studies reported by us (1) pointed out the relative advantages of '311-labeled L-thyroxine (T4-'311) over WI-labeled L-triiodothyronine (T3-1311) in the resin uptake of labeled iodoamino acids (T3-RU, T4-RU) for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. The present study represents further experience in the com parison of the resin uptake of these labeled thyroid hormones as measurements ofthyroidfunctioninvariousconditions. The clinical material consisted of patients on the medical services of the various hospitals of the Indiana University Medical Center and normal volun teers. The study includes 290 determinations performed on 242 subjects. In the group were 107 normal individuals, 24 hyperthyroid and 19 hypothyroid pa tients, 11 pregnant individuals and 24 patients with chronic debilitating illnesses. The diagnosis of thyroid disease was made on the basis of clinical findings, serum protein-bound iodine determination and thyroidal uptake of radioiodine. certain


magnetic resonance imaging of the entire spine revealed focal areas of myelomalacia and no cord stenosis. Magnetic resonance venogram of the brain was normal. Cerebrospinal fluid was normal, except for an opening pressure of 660 mm H2O. After bilateral optic nerve sheath fenestrations for rapidly worsening vision, her final best-corrected visual acuity was 20/50 on the right and 20/40 on the left. Although communicating hydrocephalus has been reported to commonly occur in mucopolysaccharidoses, pseudotumor cerebri occurs rarely. Only 1 patient with mucopolysaccharidosis type II syndrome has been shown to have pseudotumor cerebri. We hypothesize that cerebrospinal fluid obstruction is related to macrophages, filled with periodic acid-Schiff-positive material, in the arachnoid villi. This obstruction would lead to elevated intracranial pressure with normal-sized ventricles, as in pseudotumor cerebri. This patient had no other risk factors for pseudotumor cerebri, such as obesity, sleep apnea, or endocrinologic disorders. Therefore, pseudotumor cerebri should be distinguished from communicating hydrocephalus as a treatable neurologic complication of mucopolysaccharidoses, such as in this patient with Morquio type IV syndrome.


Sir:

Galactocele is a rare breast augmentation complication. Addressing the risk factors involved, Harper et al1 found from previous galactocele reports that 100% of the implants were placed through periareolar incisions and 75% of patients either were on oral contraceptives at the time of their surgery or were lactating after pregnancy, with a remote history of augmentation mammaplasty. A recent retrospective study involving 832 patients and 3 (0.36%) cases of galactocele2 found that the use of a periareolar incision significantly increased the incidence of galactorrhea, but no mention toward increased risk of galactocele. We present a case of postaugmentation galactocele formation without periareolar incision and 8 years after her unique pregnancy.

Our patient was a 26-year-old, gravida 1, para 0, abortus 1, without any significant medical or surgical history. She stopped oral contraceptives 30 days before and after surgery. An ultrasound scan showed 1 small (1.1 cm3) benign simple cyst in each breast. She underwent bilateral subglandular augmentation mammaplasty with 285 mL high-profile Silimed (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) silicone gel implant and vertical, infra-areolar skin excess resection. She developed a painful enlargement of her left breast on postoperative day 17, without signs of inflammation or fever (Fig. (Fig.1).1). A postoperative ultrasound scan showed liquid collection around the implant but not suggestive of hematoma. A guided needle aspiration removed 89 mL of creamy fluid; the culture was negative for bacterial growth but biochemistry analyses concluded that it was breast milk. The patient was referred to a mastologist who started dopamine receptor agonist (bromocriptine), despite normal prolactin, for 2 weeks with no recurrence. Due to breast and implant pocket enlargement, the patient underwent revision surgery 6 months later to correct the left ptosis (Fig. (Fig.2)2) by skin resection, and the implant was moved to a dual plane pocket. The implant on the other side was also moved to the dual plane pocket due to breast symmetry.

Fig. 1.

Marked enlargement of the left breast at day 17 postoperatively.

Fig. 2.

Residual asymmetry due to left breast and implant pocket enlargement after galactocele's treatment at 6 weeks postoperatively.

Galactocele's pathogenesis is still unknown, but obstruction of breast ducts associated with high levels of prolactin may play a significant role.3 Hyperprolactinemia may be due to intercostal nerve stimulation during surgery, leading to autonomic control over central neurogenic paths diminishing dopamine output into hypophysis' portal circulation, increasing prolactin levels and milk secretion.4 Because our patient had none of the risk factors previously reported5 (periareolar incision, contraceptives intake, recent pregnancy or lactation, or hyperprolactinemia symptoms), we rely our etiopathogenesis hypothesis on duct obstruction because simple cysts were found preoperatively inside breast parenchyma. The treatment involved ultrasound-guided needle aspiration associated with dopamine agonist (bromocriptine) to halt hyperprolactinemia and milk production, which was successful with no recurrence. Other causes of hyperprolactinemia should be ruled out.

Although it is rare, surgeons should be aware of this complication in augmentation mammaplasty. Considering the potential increased risk for galactocele, patients with previous thoracic or breast surgery, breast cysts, or spontaneous breast discharge should be assessed preoperatively for prolactin status to correct eventual disorders.


level, it moves towards more general interpretations and conclusions about gender, leadership, and power. First-Level Categories In deriving the first level of categories, there was little or no attention paid to theoretical constructs or frameworks. Rather, this level of categories was focused on the interviewees' actual words in an attempt to capture the topics and issues that were most prevalent in the work-lives of the participants at the time of the interview. Thus, the first level of categories is very descriptive in nature, consisting of themes and issues that Forest Service professionals referred to frequently during the course of their interviews., The categories are divided into two sections: solicited and unsolicited. Solicited categories emerged because the interviewees were asked about these topics directly. Included in this grouping are "Leadership Philosophies," "Positions and Promotions," and "Barriers and Conflict." Within each of the solicited categories emerged a variety of interesting themes and issues.


Abstract People living with HIV are at increased risk for social isolation and sparse support networks, making it difficult to navigate complex caregiving needs as they age. This study aimed to identify the support needs and resources of older women living with HIV, an understudied population in this field, and their association with well-being. Participants included 217 heterosexual women aged 50 to 77 (Mage=59) from the ROAH 2.0 Study. Almost half of the sample (47.7%) had never required assistance because of HIV or other illness or disability, whereas the remainder required current or past assistance. Preliminary findings controlling for sociodemographics indicated that availability of emotional support, but not practical support (i.e., having someone to count on for activities of daily living), was associated with lower depressive symptomology. Identifying sources and types of support will help older women leverage existing social ties or form new ones to promote successful aging with HIV.


We investigate a novel technology to improve the performance of a distributed application by configuring its components in an optimal way using the information about the operation environment discovered during the deployment of the application. To enable such capabilities we have developed a general architecture for deployment time optimization, called Blue Pencil. In this paper, we present how Blue Pencil can improve the performance of distributed applications by selecting the most appropriate binding between a client and a server using only static information such as the service interface definition, the location of the service, and information about the application server. Based on the performance study using real world Web services and internal benchmarks, we report that: (1) modern SOAP implementations are highly efficient and can perform even better than RMI under certain workloads and operation environment, and (2) the proposed binding selection algorithm is effective, and can improve the response time performance by 32% – 80 % on average even for highly optimized SOAP implementations.


Italy and the U.S. have different histories and cultures but share many common values and their laws on intercountry adoption reflect both similarities and differences. Often, the different paths taken by the laws and policies of the two countries lead to the same end result – the placement of a child who needs parents with loving parents who long for children. However, especially in regard to private adoption, race and subsidiarity, the two systems display rather different philosophies. While the U.S. and Italy both have laws regulating adoption, they differ in their attitudes towards the role of the state in adoption transactions. Italy does not permit independent or private adoption, a practice that is commonplace in many U.S. jurisdicitions. While both countries condemn racial or ethnic discrimination in adoption, they approach this value from different perspectives and implement it in different ways. Italy prohibits propsective adoptive parents from discriminating in their choice of child while the U.S. prohibits state agencies from discriminating in their choice of parent. While both countries attempt to assure the well-being of the adopted child, Italian adoption law incorporates principles of subsidiarity and solidarity that stress improving general conditions for vulnerable children in other countries, with a goal of reducing the need for intercountry adoption.


12-step self-help groups, developed with the belief that one addict can help another addict, are one of the social support elements that play an important role in the treatment and change processes of people using addictive substances. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the Narcotics Anonymous (NA) group using the 12-step approach on the recovery of addicts and their change in various aspects. Research is done through in-depth interviews with 15 NA members who participated in NA groups in Istanbul and quitted drug using for at least one year. Also, the participant observation method was used at the meeting of 9 NA open sessions. The data obtained from the field study was themed as "Participation in Narcotics Anonymous and the Reasons for the Continuation", "Healing Elements of Narcotics Anonymous", "Narcotics Anonymous in the Social Harmonization Process". The findings suggest that the practice principles of NA groups, the protection of anonymity, the quality of the relationship between sponsor and sponsee, taking responsibility to serve the NA groups, and carrying NA's message to other addicts may have an impact on recovery. In addition to this, it has been observed that participating in NA groups may have a positive impact on family and social relations, career development, socio-economic status, and self-development. It has been observed that there is no study conducted for NA groups in the Turkish literature, and it is thought that this study will make significant contributions to the literature on substance addiction and will be an original source for research on this topic. Structured Abstract: Addiction, which is one of the biggest problems of our age, is a phenomenon that includes many variables on its basis and needs to be addressed with its biopsychosocial dimensions. For this reason, addiction treatment is a complex process and although positive effects are seen on the person in a short time, substance use behavior may develop in the long term. The aim of the fight against addiction, known as a form of behavior that resists change, is to achieve sustainable recovery and protect the change. * Bu çalışma Doç. Dr. Ömer Miraç YAMAN danışmanlığında Didem KESGİN'in yüksek lisans tezinden üretilmiştir. ** Sosyal Çalışmacı, T.C. Adalet Bakanlığı Social Worker, Repuclic of Turkey Ministry of Justice 0000-0003-3611-6825 email@example.com *** Doç. Dr., İstanbul Üniversitesi – Cerrahpaşa, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Sosyal Hizmet Bölümü Assoc. Prof. Dr. İstanbul University – Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Health Science, Social Work Depertmant 0000-0001-9989-8575 firstname.lastname@example.com 874 Didem Kesgin – Ömer Miraç Yaman Turkish Studies Economy, 16(2) Avoiding addictive substances is not enough action for people to ensure a sustainable recovery. Apart from quitting substance use, the person needs to identify various behavioral patterns and some auxiliary factors. The 12-step self-help groups, which emerged with the belief that "only one addict can help another addict", are one of the elements that play an active role in the treatment process of people using alcohol and other addictive substances. These groups consider addiction as a disease that cannot be completely eliminated, but its development can be stopped, and draw attention to the fact that addiction has a healing philosophy. The pioneers of these groups that occurred in many parts of the world are Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) groups. It has been observed that most of the studies in the literature are aimed at AA groups that have formed to solve the common problems of alcohol addicts, and there are limited number of specific studies on NA groups that have a unique culture and are established to find solutions to similar problems of drug addicts. In the Turkish literature, it is determined that there is no specific research topic or thesis about NA groups. It is thought that this study will contribute to the field of to the literature of substance addiction and will provide a source for future studies. In this research, it was aimed to evaluate the social adaptation processes of individuals who regularly participate in NA groups and have not used substances for at least one year. Within the scope of the research, answers were sought for the participants' reasons for joining and continuing with NA groups, and how the NA program plays a role in ensuring sustainable improvement and change. The interviews were conducted in the cafe requested by the participants by using the semi-structured interview forms prepared by the researcher. In this research, in-depth interview and participatory observation techniques, which are the data collection techniques of the qualitative research method, were used. The sample of the study was determined by purposeful and snowball sampling. The research was conducted between 07.09.201920.10.2019 with 15 people who regularly attended meetings of NA groups in Istanbul and who have not use substances for at least one year. The preliminary acceptance of the researcher that people's awareness of their history of addiction improved related to the increase in cleaning times and experiences, constituted the criterion for the participants included in this study to stay clean for at least one year. Between the specified dates, participated observations were made in nine plenary sessions of three different NA groups in Istanbul. The data obtained from the field research were interpreted by using the descriptive analysis method. The data obtained were presented by theming as "Participation in Narcotics Anonymous and the Reasons for the Continuation", "Healing Elements of Narcotics Anonymous", "Narcotics Anonymous in the Social Harmonization Process". In the data obtained in this sense, firstly, It has been determined that the reasons of the participants for choosing NA groups are 'being purified from feelings of loneliness and guilt by seeing other people who have similar problems', 'being accepted with other characteristics aside from their drug user identities', 'having the unrequited help relationship offered without any money or expectation', 'increasing their belief in recovery by seeing other people who have changed their lives positively' and 'the state of despair brought about by unsuccessful attempts'. As a result of the research, it was seen that implementing the principles and teachings of the NA program, preserving the principle of anonymity, the relationship established between the guide and sponsee, serving by taking responsibility within the group and carrying NA's message to other addicts came to the fore as the remedial elements of this program. After all participants participated in the NA program, it was noticed that they achieved sustainable recovery in the process. In addition, it has been observed that their family and social relations, career development, socio-economic status, self-development have changed positively, and also they have experienced being able to exist in life without using drugs. Briefly, it was observed that they learned to live life under the conditions of life. As a result of this research, which elaborates the changes that NA has provided in the life of addicted individuals, it can be said that it would be useful to take a holistic approach to addiction treatment and to work on the development of rehabilitation processes, to give more space to selfhelp groups and to support academic research at this point.


This chapter documents the chemical changes produced by hydrothermal alteration of basalts drilled on Leg 83, in Hole 504B. It interprets these chemical changes in terms of mineralogical changes and alteration processes and discusses implications for geochemical cycling. Alteration of Leg 83 basalts is characterized by nonequilibrium and is heterogeneous on a scale of centimeters to tens or hundreds of meters. The basalts exhibit trends toward losses of SiO2, CaO, TiO2; decreases in density; gains of MnO, Na2O, CO2, H2O + , S; slight gains of MgO; increased oxidation of Fe; and variable changes in A12O3. Some mobility of rare earth elements (REE) also occurred, especially the light REE and Eu. The basalts have lost Ca in excess of Mg + Na gains. Variations in chemical trends are due to differing water/rock ratios, substrate control of secondary mineralogy, and superimposition of greenschist and zeolite facies mineralogies. Zeolitization resulted in uptake of Ca and H2O and losses of Si, Al, and Na. These effects are different from the Na uptake observed in other altered basalts from the seafloor attributed to the zeolite facies and are probably due to higher temperatures of alteration of Leg 83 basalts. Basalts from the transition zone are enriched in Mn, S, and CO2 relative to the pillow and dike sections and contain a metal-sulfide-rich stockwork zone, suggesting that they once were located within or near a hydrothermal upflow zone. Samples from the bottom of the dike section are extensively fractured and recrystallized indicating that alteration was significantly affected by local variations in permeability.


This paper proposes a reusable software dynamic analysis methodology for componentized Internet applications, which is composed of two important parts: execution model construction and runtime behavior analysis. Firstly, the related concepts of behavior observation are presented. Secondly, according to the behavior observations extracted from running applications, the multi benchmarking behavior model and runtime component interaction model are constructed. Then, by means of the multi benchmarking behavior model, a software behavior analysis method is proposed to detect functional and performance anomaly, and to locate the aging or failure components. Finally, using the component interaction model, a failure propagation algorithm is proposed to localize the failure. The proposed models and methods have been applied to JPetStore which is a typical J2EE application. The experimental results show that it is effective, and a good solution for locating failure component and localizing failure in software rejuvenation decision and recovery phases.


This article investigates the efficiency, accuracy and versatility of a surface integral equation (SIE) multisolver scheme to address very complex and large-scale radiation problems including multiple scale features, in the context of realistic electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)/electromagnetic interference (EMI) studies. The tear-and-interconnect domain decomposition (DD) method is applied to properly decompose the problem into multiple subdomains attending to their material, geometrical, and scale properties, while different materials and arbitrarily shaped connections between them can be combined by using the so-called multiregion vector basis functions. The SIE-DD approach has been widely reported in the literature, mainly applied to scattering problems or small radiation problems. Complementarily, in this article, the focus is placed on realistic radiation problems, involving tens of antennas and sensors and including multiscale ingredients and multiple materials. Such kind of problems are very demanding in terms of both convergence and computational resources. Throughout two realistic case studies, the proposed SIE-DD approach is shown to be a powerful electromagnetic modeling tool to provide the accurate and fast solution which is indispensable to rigorously accomplish real-life EMC/EMI studies.


Your goal is to modernize the optical and bring it into the 21st century. It is important to manage all states of transition from the beginning, when opticians are experiencing a flood of conflicting emotions, through the confusion and learning curve, past the quitting and avoidance, and all the way to success.


i Abstract Assessment of water and nitrogen limitations to paddy rice performance using stable isotopes The lowlands in north-west Vietnams Yen Chau district are mainly used for the cultivation of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) for subsistence purposes. During the last decades the country"s agricultural sector has gone through major changes driven mainly by population growth. The increase in agricultural productivity to match the people"s needs was mainly achieved by the clearance of upland forests for the cultivation of cash crops like maize (Zea Mays L.) and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). These procedures have a large impact through erosion and nutrient fluxes downstream. Rice, the main food staple, is grown in flooded fields. Depending on the availability of rain and irrigation water, the rice paddies are cultivated either once in the rainy season or twice, by supplemental irrigation water provided by an artificial lake. The overall crop productivity of the paddies is hampered by water shortages, mainly during the first season. In order to assess the impacts of seasonal conditions, fertilizers and uplands-sediments on the lowlands crop, rice grains were analyzed. The method of Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) was used to examine the composition of nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes N and C. Prior ecological research using this method permits conclusions on the environmental conditions during plant growth. Analysis performed during this study proved the hypothesis that the isotopic composition of rice grains shows clear relations to growing conditions, particularly for C. The relative extents and proportions of the limitations on crop performance caused by lack of nitrogen and water shortages could be depicted. In order to make the results given in this study and the used methodology universally valid, further research and exacting sample selection and preparation is suggested.


In April 1943, a group of scientists at the newly established Los Alamos Laboratory were given a series of lectures by Robert Serber on what was then known of the physics and engineering issues involved in developing fi ssion bombs. Serber ' s lectures were recorded in a 24 page report titled The Los Alamos Primer , which was subsequently declassi fi ed and published in book form. This paper describes the background to the Primer and analyzes the physics contained in its 22 sections. The motivation for this paper is to provide a fi rm foundation of the background and contents of the Primer for physicists interested in the Manhattan Project and nuclear weapons.


Abstract We argue that lived spaces play a crucial role in influencing how people can or cannot enact their agency. Based on an interpretive ethnographic study of work in a large Sri Lankan tea plantation and drawing on the conceptual lenses of relational agency and social ecology, we explore how workers experience their ability to act agentically in relation to their social circumstances and examine the personal and social consequences. In doing so, we extend conceptualizations of relational agency as a dialectic of belonging and not belonging within a social ecology – an ongoing flow of intertwined activities and ways of being and relating to each other that create and reproduce social orders and forms of accountability.


Various theories have been developed to explain the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),but so far none of them has led to a therapy with long-term efficacy and without side effects.Current therapies ranging from anti-inflammatory drugs to immunosuppressive regimens,remain inadequate.With the development of research on stem cells,some progress has been achieved in the application of stem cell transplantation to the treatment of IBD.This article mainly introduced the application of mesenchymal stem cell(MSCs) transplantation in the treatment of IBD and the possible mechanism of this novel therapy.


hand, was involved. The pituitary contained more than one xanthoma nodule; the polyuria had been ascribed by Professor Meakins to the invasion of this gland. Microscopic Appearance of a Xanthomatous Nodule (Fig. i). In the formation of the nodule the earliest cells which appear are mononucleated and resemble endothelial cells. They gradually increase in size and their nuclei multiply until finally there is produced a cell similar to the typical multinucleated foreign-body giant cell. The cytoplasm of this cell becomes gradually vacuolated until the whole cytoplasm is replaced by vacuoles. This is the typical "foamy" cell of xanthomatosis. The process of vacuolation can also be seen commencing in the mononucleated cells which have not yet changed into the multinualeated giant cells. By staining with Sudan III, the contents of the vacuoles are seen to be fatty in character, and under the polariscope, numbers of typical myelin bodies or liquid crystals of cholesterin esters can be observed.


Summary The preparation of a monoclonal antibody (MAB) against high molecular weight (HMW) urokinase light chain (20,000 Mr) is described. This MAB was immobilized and the resulting immunosorbent was used to isolate urokinase starting with an impure commercial preparation, fresh urine, spent tissue culture media, or E. coli broth without preliminary dialysis or concentration steps. Monospecific antibodies appear to provide a rapid single step method of purifying urokinase, in high yield, from a variety of biological fluids.


Proposals on the implementation of the many tourist routes have a higher price in the whole country,causing a"boom",make the rational regression of the tour cost,make exist the ills of tourism for many years"zero negative membership fee"phenomenon get certain governance,management puts forward new challenge to the travel agency.In the face of tourism law,tourism paid the price of the rational return,the travel agency can be adjusted through the mode of operation,implement differentiation strategy,improve the pre-sale,sale,aftersales service system,establishing reasonable tour guide salary system and so on to improve their competitiveness.


The nature of the therapeutic effects of prism adaptation (PA; see Striemer and Danckert, 2010a for a description) is a major point of controversy in clinical and neurocognitive psychology (e.g., Saevarsson et al., 2009, 2010). A detailed understanding of these effects could greatly advance the treatment and assessment of unilateral neglect. Many authors have concluded that perceptual aspects of neglect, such as visual perception and higher-order visuospatial cognition, improve following PA (e.g., Pisella et al., 2006; Redding and Wallace, 2006; Serino et al., 2006; Saevarsson et al., 2009, 2011; Nijboer et al., 2010, 2011). In contrast to this mainstream view, Striemer and Danckert (2010a) recently proposed that PA produces beneficial effects on spatial and premotor neglect (PMN; defined as the bias of movement from the ipsilesional to the contralesional side, most commonly reported for hand movements; Watson et al., 1978; Bisiach et al., 1990). For example, patients may have difficulties with initiating contralesional directional movements (directional hypokinesia; see Saevarsson, in press for an overview). Striemer and Danckert (2010b) argued that PA has little or no effect on perceptual biases and that only a few PA studies do, in fact, address perceptual neglect directly. Those that do, they claim, show only limited improvement following PA, especially in tasks requiring more explicit perceptual judgments than standard clinical neglect tests. Striemer and Danckert (2010a) also support their view by referring to plasticity changes in areas in the dorsal visual stream that are sometimes spared in neglect, such as the superior parietal lobule and the intraparietal sulcus. These areas are responsible for visuomotor behavior and attention, but are not involved in "more explicit perceptual judgments" (Striemer and Danckert, 2010a, p. 308), and are believed to play a major role in PA. In line with this, they also refer to studies where PA has been found to improve pointing and eye movements (Dijkerman et al., 2003; Ferber et al., 2003; Angeli et al., 2004; Serino et al., 2006).


A pulley (20) for a gear system, in particular a steering gear system, having a cylindrical body (22), on the outer surface of which toothing (24) made of plastics is provided, and a fastening flange (26) that is provided with fastening openings (28), is characterized in that the toothing (24) is integral with the cylindrical body (22).


The presence of zircons of crustal origin in the dunites of Kytlym, a subduction‐related concentrically zoned dunite–clinopyroxenite–gabbro massif of the Urals Platinum‐Bearing Belt, may provide the first direct evidence of the recycling of continental crust into the mantle. Zircons were part of subducted sediments that melted to produce silicic magmas with entrained restitic zircons. These melts induced partial melting in the overlying mantle, which later crystallized as the Kytlym massif. Zircons rapidly captured into early formed dunites were prevented from dissolving completely and underwent different degrees of recrystallization. A few crystals still record their original ages, which range from ∼410 Myr to ∼2800 Myr, thus revealing a different origin. The majority, however, recrystallized in the presence of a limited amount of melt and record the diapir formation, 350–370 Ma, which was coeval with the Uralian high‐pressure metamorphism. Lastly, several grains record an age of ∼330 Myr, which is identical, within error, to the Rb–Sr age of the tilaitic gabbros, (337 ± 22 Myr), and may, therefore, represent the crystallization age of the last melts formed during the evolution of Kytlym.


Included is a summary of the material presented at the Sheath meeting at Chalk River on Sept. 25--26, 1956. Information is included on cladding plates, end plugs for plates, electroplating techniques, equipment to extrusion clad full length plates at SRL, progress on extrusion cladding the inside of tubes, and a program for future work on extrusion cladding.


Nuclear energy is on the verge of a possible nuclear renaissance, driven by the simultaneous growing global demand for energy and a growing awareness of the need to combat climate change by lowering atmospheric carbon emissions. Widespread deployment of advanced nuclear technologies will require nuclear energy to be competitive in the energy market. Given the long lead-time and high cost of building capital-intensive nuclear facilities, it is important to perform analyses up-front to gain insight into what combinations of economic, environmental, technical and policy conditions will be required for nuclear to play a significant future role. This paper describes an analytical approach that can be used to define those conditions where nuclear energy could contribute. The methodology, using the MARKAL model, is both rich in technical detail and yet conceptually transparent. It is flexible, easy to modify for the needs of a particular analysis and can vary parameters of interest to address uncertainties in data and in future conditions. It can also examine the impacts of present or potential future government policies on the ultimate deployment of nuclear technologies over time. The example results provided in the paper illustrate some issues of interest to the nuclear and energy communities that can be addressed using MARKAL.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


The leading mode of wintertime variability in Northern Hemisphere sea level pressure (SLP) is the Arctic Oscillation (AO). It is usually obtained using linear principal component analysis, which produces the optimal, although somewhat restrictive, linear approximation to the SLP data. Here we use a recently introduced nonlinear principal component analysis to find the optimal nonlinear approximation to SLP data produced by a 1001 year integration of the CCCma coupled general circulation model (CGCM1). This approximation's associated time series is strongly bimodal and partitions the data into two distinct regimes. The first and more persistent regime describes a standing oscillation whose signature in the mid‐troposphere is alternating amplification and attenuation of the climatological ridge over Northern Europe, with associated decreasing and increasing daily variance over Northern Eurasia. The second and more episodic regime describes a split‐flow south of Greenland with much enhanced daily variance in the Arctic. In a 500 year integration with atmospheric CO2 stabilized at concentrations projected for year 2100, the occupation statistics of these preferred modes of variability change, such that the episodic split‐flow regime occurs less frequently while the standing oscillation regime occurs more frequently.


Objective:To investigate the role of hrgA and cagA genes of H.Pylori causing diseases and the value of detection in gastric carcinoma.Methods:Gastric biopsy specimens from 26 patients with gastric carcinoma and 14 with peptic ulcer were obtained,and were performed histopathological examination,rapid urease test and polymerase chain reaction (PGR).Results: Among the detected 26 gastric carcinoma cases,24 cases were gastric adenocarcinoma and 2 cases were gastric MALT Iymphoma. H pylori was present in 12 of 24 cases with gastric adenocarcinoma and in 12 of 14 cases with peptic ulcer by rapid urease test.Of the 24 cases with gastric adenocarcinoma,18 were hrgA positive and 20 were cagA positive;of the 14 cases with peptic ulcer,6 were hrgA positive and 12.was cagA positive by PCR.Conclusion:H.pylori could cause gastric carcinoma,and PGR was more reliable than the urease methods to detect it.It was very important to detect cagA and hrgA of H.pylori for the realization of their role in causing disease,assessing the damage,previewing the disease and choosing clinical treatment.


This article discusses how analysis of remotely sensed data can be applied in rapid rural assessment and how its application can expand the spatial analysis of land-use/land-cover (LULC) change. It describes the methodological steps to carry out an LULC analysis based on Landsat Thematic Mapper image analysis under time and budget constraints. The article presents intra-and intercommunity comparisons of different LULC patterns. The discussion focuses on the trade-off between the desirable degree of land-cover class complexity, the level of class detail, and the required ground-truthing associated with each of these choices. The authors conclude that remotely sensed analysis can enhance short-term, low-budget fieldwork. Analysis of remotely sensed data can reduce costs before fieldwork by helping to inform where to concentrate data collection efforts, during fieldwork by extending spatial analysis to areas where accessibility is poor and that otherwise would not be included, and after fieldwork by improving the spatial and temporal scope of the analysis.


Responding to congressional demands, a multiagency coalition wants to measure the economic, scientific, and societal benefits of federally funded basic research.


Young people in Scotland attend primary school from ages 5 through 12 and then transfer, with no academic selection, to a "comprehensive secondary school, where they spend a further four, five, or six years, depending on how academic their inclination is. In the primary school, the curriculum is delivered mainly by one teacher - a generalist - and the approach is child-centered. In the secondary school the pupil is faced with up to 17 teachers - subject specialists - in the first two years, and in grades S3 and S4 this number is reduced to around 10. In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the discontinuity between the two sectors and, in particular, the apparent lack of coherence and progression in young people's learning. In 1993 Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Schools in Scotland (HMI) published a report titled The Education of Able Pupils P6 to S2. The report was a digest of the findings of inspectors as they visited schools and focused on the twin issues of "able pupils" and the transitional years between primary and secondary schooling (grades P6 to S2). In essence, the inspectors found that able pupils were not being sufficiently challenged. They considered a number of approaches being used in schools. * Mixed-ability teaching: traditionally a feature of the primary school and a feature of the first two years of secondary schools; * Setting or streaming: organizing classes on the basis of the attainment of the pupils, either by subject (setting) or generally across all subjects (streaming); * Acceleration: sometimes known in Scotland as "fast tracking," rarely used but often suggested as a way of meeting the needs of able pupils; and * "Hot-housing": taking able pupils out of the mainstream classes and giving them a separate and more intensive education. Against an increasingly elitist and rightwing political background, the inspectorate retained its traditional neutrality and rejected any one of these four approaches as providing an easy answer to problems of underachievement. Instead, the inspectors argued that effective learning and teaching for all children would meet the needs of the able pupils also; that the "fresh start" approach adopted by many secondary schools, which by its nature denigrates the value of the learning in primary schools, was "no longer tenable"; and that all schools should have "an ethos of achievement." An Ethos of Achievement The challenge implicit in the phrase "an ethos of achievement" was one that I felt was worthy of taking up. Having worked in Scottish schools - as a teacher, headteacher, and recently as a chief advisor in Strathclyde Region - I was convinced that many schools were striving to create just such an ethos. But would it be possible to isolate those elements that contributed to it, and whose opinions should we seek? We asked two of the 13 local education authorities in Scotland to identify for us primary and secondary schools that they felt had an ethos of achievement. We then set out to interview headteachers, class teachers, and pupils and to review in-school documentation, with a view to seeing if there were generalizable elements of good practice across these schools. Along with my colleagues at the University of Strathclyde and Peter Mortimore and his team at the Institute of Education and the University of London, we had just embarked on a major research project on "improving school effectiveness" involving eight schools. The final ingredient was a commission from the National Union of Teachers (NUT) in England and Wales to work with 10 schools on the issue of school self-evaluation. All this research built on work on school ethos that had been done in the 1980s for HMI and that had resulted in the publication of "Ethos Indicators" that were distributed to every school in Scotland. What Is Research Telling Us? Schools Speak for Themselves was the title of our report, published for the NUT and distributed to 35,000 schools in England and Wales. …


Background. Speech therapy is important in palliative care and end-of-life care of the geriatric population. Comfort feeding is an option for such patients, but there is no guideline for its operational and clinical practice. Thus, we surveyed the opinions of speech therapists on their role, clinical practice, and future development to formulate preliminary recommendations in dysphagia management and comfort feeding in patients on palliative care.Methods. An online survey of speech therapists in Hong Kong was conducted between February and March 2018. The survey comprised 14 questions to assess speech therapists' understanding of palliative care, their current practice in comfort feeding, and their views on future development.Results. Of 70 speech therapists invited, 38 (54%) completed the survey. 89% of participants reported to have provided care to patients with dementia. The most common service provided was feeding and swallowing management (100%), followed by education to patients, their family and/or the multidisciplinary team regarding communication and swallowing difficulties (88.2%). There were diverse opinions on the practice of comfort feeding among speech therapists. Thus, 92.1% of participants agreed a need of development of practice guideline for palliative care.Conclusions. The practice of comfort feeding varies among different speech therapists, particularly in the frequency of follow-up and the recommendation on liquid consistency. To improve the standard of care for patients receiving palliative care or end-of-life care, development of an evidence-based guideline for comfort feeding is recommended.


The purpose of this note is to work out in detail some specific instances of stochastic programming problems with simple recourse. We assume specific structure and specific distribution functions for the random elements and develop closed-form expressions for the objective functions.


The Government of Vanuatu is undertaking significant primary education reforms, including major curriculum changes, to improve equitable access to and the quality of education. Since 2016, a new primary education curriculum has been introduced by stages, accompanied by a suite of in-service teacher training. The new curriculum promotes teaching practices that support new pedagogies focused on student-centred learning and community support, language transition and class-based assessment practices. These reforms are being supported by the Australian Government, through its Vanuatu Education Support Program (VESP). The Australian Government's Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) has commissioned a study to investigate how the VESP is making a difference to the Government of Vanuatu's ongoing primary education reforms. This research is part of a multi-year study series undertaken by DFAT's Education Analytics Service to investigate teacher and learning development initiatives in three countries: Lao PDR, Timor-Leste and Vanuatu. The purpose of this summary is to provide a brief overview of findings and recommendations from the first year (2019) of the Vanuatu study.


Objective: To search for the newly examination and treatment method of getting the insidious or dubious foreign bodies in the hypopharynx out through rhinolaryngofiberscope.Method : 300 patients with insidious or dubious foreign bodies in the hypopharynx were examined and treated through rhinolaryngofiberscope.Result: All patients were treated by rhinolaryngofiberscope.Conclusion:Rhinolaryngofiberscope is the first choice to treat the insidious foreign bodies in the hypopharynx and larynx.


Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients at high surgical risk. We investigated the impact of TAVR on left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function using conventional echocardiography parameters. Methods and results: A total of 202 consecutive patients (age 80.6±8.0 years, aortic valve area 0.80±0.16cm 2 ) who underwent TAVR at Mayo Clinic between 2008 and 2013 were included in the study. LV ejection fraction (EF) and RV systolic function including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC) and, systolic excursion velocity (S') were compared before (median 33.5 days) and after TAVR procedure (median 30 days). Patients who underwent pacemaker implantation after TAVR were excluded. LV EF significantly improved following TAVR (55.3±12.6% pre vs 58.5±11.1% post; p Conclusion: TAVR is associated with early enhancement in LV systolic function. However, there is evidence of worsening RV function in a significant number of patients. Further studies are necessary to determine whether this deterioration in RV function is related to anatomic access site or to other factors, and to evaluate its prognostic significance.


We have studied the density-of-states and localization properties of the double-exchange (DE) model in one and two dimensions to see how it is influenced by the complex phase of the hopping matrix elements. This has been done by comparing exact results in finite-size systems for the DE model with complex phase, without it (|DE|), and for a bond-disorder model with a rectangular distribution of hopping matrix elements. Localization properties have been investigated by calculating the participation number. We have found that, although all states are localized away from the band center, there exists an energy range about the band center within which the complex phase tends to reduce the degree of localization of the eigenstates, while outside of this energy range it tends to further localize them. The DE and |DE| models exhibit critical behavior in a wide energy range around band center where the localization length is much larger than the system sizes studied here. All three models exhibit critical behavior at the band center with scaling properties changing discontinuously as function of energy at $E=0.$ We interpret this as a sign of criticality of the band center state at all length scales.


The technical and practical aspects of 19F NMR‐based screening against a macromolecular target are analyzed in detail. A novel method utilizing the relaxation of 19F homonuclear double quantum coherence is proposed for performing NMR‐based binding assays in a direct‐ or competition‐mode format. A combined strategy based on 19F NMR chemical shift prediction, 2D 19F NMR DOSY, and 2D 19F–1H NMR long‐range COSY experiments is presented for the deconvolution of complex mixtures of fluorinated molecules generated by either addition of single compounds or by chemical synthesis. The approaches presented here allow the screening of complex mixtures, even in the case where the exact composition is not known, and the rapid identification of the binders contained in the mixtures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The urgency of addressing the climate crisis has heightened the need to make sustainable decisions. Universities and research institutions are uniquely able to help develop and disseminate useful information for industry, specifically small and medium enterprises. This case study examines the collaboration between the Guelph Turfgrass Institute (GTI) and the turfgrass industry that culminated in the creation of a "Turf Net Present Value Model". This model enables turfgrass installers, managers, and local municipalities to determine the structure of their turfgrass systems, natural or artificial, and estimate the net present value (NPV) over an extended period. A conceptual model for effective industry-university collaboration is then used to evaluate the knowledge transfer between academia and industry, showcasing a knowledge-transfer framework for improved decision-making and sustainability in sports facilities.