Fusarium is one of   the  important genera associated with grasses as saprophytes, endophytes and  pathogens. A  study was  carried  out  on  distribution  and  diversity  of  Fusarium species associated  with  two  groups  of   grasses  in  10  states  throughout  Peninsular  Malaysia  i.e. agricultural  grasses  ( Oryza  sativa and  Saccharum  officinarum )  and  non-agricultural  grasses ( Axonopus compressus, Centhotheca lappacea, Chloris barbata, Crysopogon aciculatus, Cyanadon dactylon, Dactyloctenium  aegyptium, Digitaria  ciliaris,  Echinochloa  colona,  Eleusine  indica,  Eragrostis  amabilis, Eragrostis malayana, Eragrostis uniloides, Ischaemum magnum, Panicum brevifolium, Panicum millaneum, Panicum repens, Paspalum  commersonii, Paspalum  conjugatum, Paspalum orbiculare, Pennisetum purpureum, Sacciolepis  indica, Sporobolus diander and Sporobolus  indicus ). A  total of  474  isolates were single- spored and  identified by morphological characteristics. F.  semitectum was  frequently  isolated (23.6%), followed by F. sacchari and F. fujikuroi with 15.4% and 14.6%, respectively. The other nine species were F. solani (10.3%), F. proliferatum (8.9%), F. oxysporum (7.4%), F. subglutinans (6.5%), F.  equiseti  (5.5%), F.  verticillioides  (3.4%), F.  compactum  (2.5%), F.  chlamydosporum  (1.1%) and F. longipes (0.8%). Based on the Shannon-Weiner Index, F. solani was the highest (H' = 2.62) isolated from grasses. Species of  Fusarium from O. sativa were widely diverse with 11 species, followed by non-agricultural grasses with nine species and S. officinarum with only six species. This  is  the  first  report on diversity of  Fusarium associated with grasses  in Malaysia. Key words: Oryza  sativa,  Saccharum  officinarum,  non-agricultural  grass,  Fusarium  species, diversity  and Gramineae


Adopting the method of FEM numerical simulation,the deformation characteristics and stress condition ofⅣ- grade surrounding rocks and the upport and lining structures are elaborated in the dynamic construction with step excavation method.The results can be a guide to the construction of Caisbeu(?)ang tunnel.


We present a number of simply-structured combinatorial games for which the problem of determining the outcome of optimal play is complete in polynomial space—a condition which gives very strong assurance that these problems are hard. In addition to proving this completeness property for some particular games, we introduce a general technique for deriving games complete in polynomial space from NP-complete problems.


The estimation of relative risk of development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and prevalence of smoking in Krasnoyarsk (35,0 %) is presented in the article. A calculation of populating attributive risk of smoking (PAR) concerning COPD is performed. The expenditure of resources of health system in connection with COPD is following: 5524 hospitalizations 13 998 out-patient's visits 77 391 room-days were associated with smoking concerning COPD in 2011. 96 445 147 rubles were spent on hospitalization of patients with COPD associated with smoking. Expenses of the out-patient's visits associated with smoking made 3 427 306 rubles. Cooperative expenses of health care systems associated with smoking exceeded 99 million rubles in 2011.


Molybdenum bismuth selenide (MoBi2Se5) has been proved to be a promising material for photoelectrochemical solar cell application. As MoBi2Se5 thin films are more corrosion resistant than bismuth (...


We show that many functions containing W are Stieltjes functions. Explicit Stieltjes integrals are given for functions 1/W(z), W(z)/z, and others. We also prove a generalization of a conjecture of Jackson, Procacci & Sokal. Integral representations of W and related functions are also given which are associated with the properties of their being Pick or Bernstein functions. Representations based on Poisson and Burniston–Siewert integrals are given as well.


Emergency Department (IGD) is the face of a hospital (RS). Good hospital emergency room services will result in patient satisfaction and the community around the hospital, so that the hospital becomes an option as a health facility. The performance of a hospital emergency room needs to be assessed objectively so that continuous efforts can be made to improve services. Balanced Scorecard (BSC) assessment can be used in service assessment in organizations such as hospitals or parts of organizations such as emergency room hospitals. This study aims to determine the components in emergency room services that play the most role in achieving the performance of emergency room services that support hospital performance. This research method is a scoping review using literature studies using keywords from the Balanced Scorecard AND Hospital AND Emergency with literature search strategies from the databases Ebsco Host, Embase, Scopus, Pubmed, Proquest, and Google Scholar. The results of the study contained 6 (six) appropriate articles after screening using PRISMA 2020 Flow Diagram. BSC either independently or combined with other methods can be used as performance monitoring in the health sector both in hospitals and in one of the units such as the Emergency Installation. There are 4 perspectives, namely: finance, customers, internal business processes and growth learning, where it is found that the education factor of staff training is the most widely intervened approach that results in improving the performance of emergency rooms and hospital finances. Further research suggestion is that further research is needed to assess the other three factors in the Balanced Scorecard that will effectively improve performance in other units of RS.


We appreciate this comment by student doctors Amin and Ullah on our Education Research article.1 As the authors indicate, students' communication challenges change over the course of medical school (table 1).1 Fourth year students continue to have communication training needs, despite being senior students with more experience.


This study aims to determine the effect of conflict and work environment on the productivity of PT. Syntronic Indonesia's employee performance. The total population in this study was 89 people with the determination of the number of samples using the Slovin formula which resulted in 80 respondents. This study uses an analysis of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model to determine how much influence the independent variable has on the dependent variable through the intervening variable, carried out using the Lisrel 8.8 program. The test of this research succeeded in concluding that the negative and significant effect of conflict on the performance of the employees of PT. Syntronic Indonesia. This means that the higher the conflict, the lower the employee's performance. There is a positive and significant effect of the work environment on the productivity of employee performance, meaning that the better the work environment, the higher the productivity of employee performance. For the Productivity variable, it becomes a mediator between the work environment variable and the employee performance variable. While the productivity variable is not a mediator between the conflict variable and the employee performance variable.


The present invention relates to a flexible means for the electrical component and the printed circuit board electrically connected together, wherein the flexible electrical connecting means comprises a main extension direction, and the flexible electrical connecting means comprises a main extension direction are formed on the flexible electrical connecting means a first contact region at one end, and is formed in the main extension direction of the flexible electrical connecting device of the second contact region at the other end portion, and the flexible electrical connecting means comprises a reinforcing member or the flexible electrical connecting means relative to the support member combination, the electrical component is arranged in direct electrical contact means is connected via a first flexible electrical contact region.


Cabbage plants were grown for about 2 months in a culture solution containing 3 levels of nitrogen (5, 50, 500 ppm), phosphorus (2, 20, 200 ppm) and potassium (5, 50, 500 ppm), and effects of the supply on head yield and free sugar composition of the plants were studied. Plant dry weight and head yield increased with the increase of N (5.50 ppm), P (2 -.-20 ppm) and K (5.50 ppm) in the culture solution , and decreased at the highest level of each element. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in plants increased greatly with the increase of levels of each element. Fructose, glucose and sucrose contents of plants decreased with the increase of nitrogen levels, and the decrease of sucrose was great. In the phosphorus and potassium treatment, fructose and glucose contents did not change remarkably but sucrose content was the highest at 20 ppm of P and at 50 ppm of K. Fructose content was higher in head leaves than in outer leaves. There was close correlation between head yield and sucrose content in the outer leaves in all treatments with the exception that 5 ppm N. Nitrogen deficiency caused an increase of free sugar content, especially of sucrose.


Objective: This work was carried out to investigate the effects of oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of Ficus capensis on some hematological parameters in albino rats. Methodology: Twenty-eight normal male rats weighing between 180-240 g were used for this study. They were randomly grouped into four groups, AD of seven rats each. Group A was the control group and received distilled water only, while groups B, C and D were administered 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of F. capensis leaves respectively via oral gavage for 28 days. Blood sample was collected from each animal by cardiac puncture using sterile needle Original Research Article Njoku-Oji et al.; IBRR, 5(1): 1-7, 2016; Article no.IBRR.23083 2 into an ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) bottle for determination of RBC, WBC, PCV and Hb. Results: There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in RBC count in groups C (7.55±0.19 x10) and D (8.39±0.21 x10), when compared to the control (6.44±0.08 x10). There was significant (p<0.05) increase in WBC count in group D (13.43 ± 0.50 x10 3 ) when compared to control group (9.47±0.97 x10). Groups C (45.43±1.31%) and D (50.14±1.94%) showed significant (p<0.05) increase in PCV when compared to control group (35.57±0.78%). There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in Hb concentration in groups C (15.21±0.41 g/dl) and D (16.71±0.67 g/dl) when compared to control group (11.89±0.26 g/dl). Conclusion: The present findings validated the claim that the leaf extract of F. capensis is useful in treating anemia.


The invention discloses a process gas shunt device. The process gas shunt device comprises a muffle (22), a shunt disc (24) and shunt pipes (23), wherein the shunt disc (24) is arranged at the bottom of the muffle (22), and the shunt pipes (23) are mounted on the shunt disc (24) and are located at the upper part of the shunt disc (24); an air inlet cavity (25) is defined by the shunt disc (24) and the bottom region of the muffle (22); an air inlet (26) is formed in the air inlet cavity (25); the air inlet cavity (25) is communicated with the shunt pipes (23); air holes (21) are formed in the shunt pipes (23). The invention further discloses a process gas shunt method. According to the process gas shunt device and the process gas shunt method, the problem that process gas is not uniformly distributed in a reaction region in a graphite purification process is effectively solved. The invention further discloses graphite purification equipment comprising the process gas shunt device.


Study objectives To estimate the risk of entry to long-stay residential and nursing care for elderly people, from current admission rates.

 Design Double-decremented life-table analysis of national statistics which are refined using evidence from PSSRU surveys of residential and nursing care. Setting England, 1995/6. Main results The life time risk of long-stay entry into a care home, based on 1995/6 admission rates, for men is 16 per cent at birth, rising to 20 per cent at 65. For women, the risk is much higher, rising from 32 per cent at birth to 36 per cent at 65. The expectation of long-stay care for elderly people, of someone who has not already been admitted, for a man is 3½ months at birth rising to 4 months at 65. For a woman it is 11 months at birth rising to 12 months at 65. These are the average insurance risks for a person not already in a care home. Conclusions The risk is now greater than is widely appreciated. This has significant implications for personal planning as well as to insurers and fundors.


The utility model discloses a dense rib type combined wall plate composed of a reinforced concrete beam column (1) and a filling block (2). When the combined wall plate is used as a bearing wall or a non-bearing wall, the structure sizes are different. Compared with a common brickwork body, the anti-shock strength of the utility model is enhanced by three times. The utility model has good heat insulation and heat insulating properties, thin wall, light weight and convenient manufacture, can be prefabricated in a factory and can also be fabricated in the field. The utility model can also be made into various solid combined wall plates which have different dimensions or the combined wall plates reserved with a door opening, a window opening or a door with the window opening according to the requirements of the engineering design.


Cinema is a very importan source of information about drugs and can be used as a recourse to educate about drugs. This educational activity tries the integral development of human beings. The Irudi Biziak (Cinema in the Secondary Education) uses the cinema as the main educational resource. The didactic material is produced by a team of specialists of cinema, education and health and it offers to the secondary students an argument on healt and drugs, among other aspects of life.


This paper presents an effective control scheme for an electric vehicle battery charger where a symmetrical bridgeless power factor-corrected converter and a buck converter are cascaded. Both converters have been popular in industries because of their high efficiency, low cost, and compact size, hence combining these two converters makes the overall battery charging system strongly efficient. Moreover, this charger topology can operate under universal input voltage condition and attain a desired battery voltage and charging current without any ripple. In order to reduce the system cost, an estimating ac input voltage technique is introduced, which especially does not require the converter component information and therefore it is robust to the circuit parameters variation. Additionally, by adopting a duty ratio feed-forward path in current control loop, a unity input power factor and zero input current harmonic are achieved. The feasibility and practical value of the proposed approach are verified by simulation and experimental results.


The infant mortality rate is universally used as a measure of population health, and it is particularly useful in contexts where limited resources require easily calculated measures. When studying underdeveloped countries or particular historical contexts, for example, an analysis of the dynamics driving to high levels of infant mortality is crucial in order to have a better picture of the society and the population. Since the death of a child is the last and worst outcome of a number of individual, familiar and community variables operating in the very initial part of life, a life course perspective is a good way to approach this issue.
In the thesis it is analyzed and discussed the effect of early life experiences in the short term, using an unpublished 19th century dataset collected in 46 parishes of the North- Eastern Italian region of Veneto. The first part of the study is devoted to the production of classical demographic tools such as life tables, while the second part is a collection of statistical analyses of increasing complexity aimed to increase the knowledge about the special case of Veneto. Large space is given to the debate about the existence of a mortality selection process, in favor of which the thesis provides a series of empirical proofs. Lastly, focussing on a subset of the dataset, the work discusses the role of the daily temperatures on the risk of dying in the first five years of life.


As in mammals, seahorse embryos develop internally but, unlike in mammals, this process occurs within a paternal structure (the brood pouch). Functionally, the brood pouch supports developing embryos through placenta-like interactions, but as egg quality is determined by the female's diet, the seahorse system offers opportunities to study the effect of the male's diet on embryo development while varying the female's diet independently. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that development of seahorse embryos is affected differentially by independent manipulation of the male and female parental diets. Adult males and females were fed separately with either wild-caught crustaceans (Male-W or Female-W, respectively) or commercial aquarium diet (Male-C or Female-C, respectively) for 1 month before conception and during the subsequent pregnancy (approximately 15 days). Dietary unsaturated fatty acid content (18:3n-3) and (20:4n-6) in the W diet was approximately double that in the C diet. In total, 5231 first-brood offspring were obtained from 4 treatment groups formed from (1) Male-W × Female-W; (2) Male-C × Female-W; (3) Male-W × Female-C; and (4) Male-C × Female-C. Each treatment was replicated with 4 couples. Newborns (10 from each brood) were weighed and dimensions measured. Fifteen-day postnatal survival rates were determined from 40 offspring/couple (N at Day 0 = 160/treatment) and fatty acid profiles were evaluated. Data were analysed by nested analyses of covariance (ANCOVA); replicates were nested within treatments and individual offspring measurements were nested within replicates (male and female parental sizes were used as covariates). Offspring produced by the Male-C × Female-W were ~10% taller (both as standard length and tail length; P < 0.05) than those produced by Male-W × Female-W couples but their 15-day survival was poorer (12.9% v. 39%; χ2 = 39.19, 1 DF; P < 0.001). Fifteen-day survival of the other groups was 0% in both cases. When both male and female parents were fed the commercial diet, their offspring were considerably smaller than those from all the other treatments (P < 0.05). The offspring produced by Male-W × Female-C couples showed distortion of the snout:head length ratio, a phenotypic feature that was highly consistent in the Male-W × Female-W treatment group. Fatty acid profiles of the offspring showed significant dependence on the preconception dietary treatment; 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 contents were significantly lower in Male-C × Female-C than in Male-W × Female-C (P < 0.01) offspring, showing that the male's pouch could compensate for the poorer quality of lipids derived directly from eggs. These results support the hypothesis that diet received during the preconception period and pregnancy by the males and females differentially affects embryonic growth and fatty acid content, and suggest that seahorses are a suitable model species for understanding the effects of parental diet on offspring health. Supported by the EU FP7/2007–2013 AquaExcel network (grant agreement No. 262336) and the COST Action (FA1201) (Epigenetics and Periconception Environment).


Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS) is a mushroom that belongs to the genus Sanghuangporus and it is commonly called " Sangwhang " in Taiwan. It is popular in oriental countries and has been traditionally used as food and medicine. The mystery surrounding it was solved in 2012, when it was discovered. However, existing research has not extensively investigated the anti-in fl ammatory e ff ect of sanghuang that grows on Morus trees. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective e ff ects and underlying mechanism of SS on in fl ammation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced in vitro and in vivo . Results showed that SS treatment markedly attenuated LPS-induced lung edema, by elevation of the levels of interleukin (IL)-1 b , tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- a and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fl uid (BALF) accompanied by a remarkable improvement of lung histopathological symptoms. Additionally, western blotting results suggest that anti-in fl ammatory e ff ects of SS against the LPS-induced ALI may be due to its ability to inhibit the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/IKK, NF-k B and MAPK signaling pathways. Notably, our results suggest that SS suppresses LPS-induced ROS by inducing Nrf2 activation and HO-1, thioredoxin-1 expression in the lung tissues. Moreover, these fi ndings suggest a potential application of SS in pulmonary in fl ammatory disease therapy.


Ultrastructure differences of flue-cured tobacco leaf trichome under water stress were studied by transmission electron microscope.Results showed that the top cell of trichome under normal irrigated condition contained abundant organelles in the cytoplasm,and a great deal of the dark small osmiophilic droplet existed in the vacuole.Under mild drought stress,the number of organelles decreased,vacuole enlarged,and the number of dark osmiophilic droplet increased.In severe drought stress,the trichome top cell contained fewer organelles in the cytoplasm and more osmiophilic droplets.Some cells,were dissolved.


Purpose: The characteristics of spatial allocation planning in dentistry through examining the dental hospitals in Korea and comparison between them are necessary for the development of planning of the dental healthcare system. This study has been started to provide basic informations such as zoning, allocation distribution, and space configuration for the planning of dental hospital architecture. Methods: Literature review of dental care departments and investigation on current status of dental hospital in Korea have been conducted. The spatial allocation and space configuration of eleven dental hospitals have been analyzed. Results: The result of this study can be summarized in three points. The first one is that dental hospitals in Korea are consisted with eight to eleven dental care departments and they are divided with the horizontal allocation type with three to four departments in a floor for the spatial communication or the vertical allocation type with a department in each floor for the independent space. The second one is that oral medicine and oral maxillofacial radiology are located near the main entrance, orthodontics and pedodontic dentistry in lower level, prosthodontics in upper level, and conservative dentistry and periodontics have no specific spatial consideration. The third one is that the factors to consider the allocation planning are zoning for examination & diagnosis, basic practice, adolescence, surgery, circulations for patient, dentist, staff, different access for department like as easy access for reception and pedodontic dentistry, enclosure space for prosthodontics and surgery, frequency of visit and treatment care time, and change of treatment concept from treatment department to disease control corporative practice. Implications: This study is the starting point for the research of spatial configuration in dentistry and it is necessary to analyze the architectural planning to develop the dental healthcare system.


This report discusses the U.S. population assistance issues, policy issues in the U.S. family planning debate, and U.S. funding levels.


In January 2012, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved the small-molecule drug ivacaftor (VX-770), trademarked by Vertex Pharmaceuticals as Kalydeco, to treat a rare form of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients aged 6 years and older. Ivacaftor is effective in treating the 4% of CF patients who have a specific mutation, G551D, in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. CFTR is a chloride channel found in the epithelial lining of many organs, such as the airways, and is regulated by phosphorylation and ATP hydrolysis. However, details of ivacaftor's mode of action on the G551D mutation have been unclear. In this Paper of the Week, Christine E. Bear at the Hospital for Sick Children in Canada and colleagues demonstrated that the drug directly bound to the channel, rather than to associated proteins, such as kinases and phosphatases. Ivacaftor potentiated both mutant and wild-type CFTR channel activities, even in the absence of ATP. The findings suggest that the drug opens the channel by an ATP-independent, unconventional mechanism.


The purpose of this paper emerges from a philosophical reflection about educational system in the contemporary world, where the interference of economic market has converted it, into a residue of the so-called Society of Knowledge.


Assessing the state of wages in the country is an important element of social and economic policies, as it characterizes the standard of living of the population, income differentiation and purchasing power. Salary is an important criterion of labor productivity and characterizes the country's competitiveness. The article is devoted to the study of the level of wages in Ukraine from the standpoint of performance of the investment function. The amount of wages in Ukraine remains a debatable issue for the scientific community and requires clarification of such an important issue as the ability of wages to create opportunities for human development. The question arises: does the salary perform an investment function. The purpose of the article was to substantiate the importance of the investment function of wages and to study its implementation in Ukraine for the improvement of income policy, economic and social development. The assessment of wages from the standpoint of the investment function is carried out according to the following indicators: population expenditures, savings level, development costs, the level of population participation in the accumulative pension system, etc. The conducted analysis showed that the level of wages in Ukraine lags far behind the level in the EU countries, which indicates an imperfect system of labor remuneration and a low level of labor productivity. The given data are proof that wages in Ukraine do not meet the expectations of the population to ensure a comfortable standard of living, and sometimes the satisfaction of basic needs, which negatively affects the investment behavior of a person. Failure to fulfill the investment function of wages in Ukraine does not create prerequisites for increasing labor productivity and innovative development. The importance of research in the direction of strengthening the investment function of wages is due to the fact that it creates prerequisites for human development, contributes to raising the standard of living and forms resources for increasing the country's competitiveness. The results of the conducted research create the basis for improving the income policy and economic development in Ukraine.


The invention relates to a tobacco sheet containing tea flower extractive and a preparation method thereof. The tobacco sheet is made of tobacco raw materials by a papermaking method. the preparation method is characterized in that tea flowers are added in tobacco sheets during the preparation method, the tea flowers are best to be dried tea flowers, tea flower extractives or residue after tea flowers are extracted, and the tobacco raw materials are cigarette ashes, tobacco debris, tobacco stem, low-level tobacco and the combination. The tobacco sheets smell like tea flowers, has effective combination of tea flower smell and tobacco smell, has good smoking quality and sense comfort level and has sweet feeling in mouth during smoking, raw materials are natural, additive process is simple, the existing process procedures do not needed to change and auxiliary equipment is not needed to add.


OK-432, a killed preparation of Streptococcus pyogenes, was preoperatively administered under endoscope into lesions of early gastric cancer in 20 patients. Using these patients as subjects (treatment group). Local changes in the cancers, changes in cellular immunity of the hosts after administration, and the effect of OK-432 administration on anti-tumorous immune response in regional lymphnodes were investigated. Sixteen patients with early gastric cancer who did not received OK-432 were used as a control (non-treatment group). As a local histopathological finding, lymphoid cell infiltration in the tumors was often seen in the treatment group. Examination of cellular immunity before and after operation revealed that neither peripheral lymphocyte counts nor PHA-induced blastoid transformation of lymphocytes were changed in the treatment group, whereas these parameters were significantly reduced in the non-treatment group. Determination of anti-tumorous immune response in regional lymphnodes revealed that PHA-induced blastoid transformation and NK cell activity in proximal regional lymphnodes were significantly increased in the treatment group. When the microscopic structure of regional lymphnodes was examined, many patients in the treatment group showed high grades of SH and PH. From these results, the preoperative endoscopic administration of OK-432 into lesions of early gastric cancer seems to have immunological significance and clinical usefulness.


During the rainy season (June—-October) of 1966, the writer collected several ascomycetous fungi at different places in Maharashtra (India) some of which were determined as new to Science on the basis of critical comparative studies and host relationships. Three species of these fungi are presented here along with their latin diagnosis. Being new species, the type material is being deposited at C. M. I., Kew, Surrey, England and at I. A. R. I., New Delhi, India besides at the M. A. C. S. herbarium, Poona 4, India.


The Chinese medium resolution spectral imager (MERSI) carried on the Fengyun-3C (FY-3C) satellite can realize the high-precision global measurement of the cloud, aerosol, land surface, sea surface, and low-level water vapor. The MERSI is described conceptually in this paper, and the radiometric calibrations of its thermal emission bands by the on-board blackbody (BB) were given by two different algorithms. In order to evaluate the stability of the instrument's performance, the measured irradiance after the dark current correction was compared with the theoretical value calculated from the BB temperature by Planck function. The results showed that the algorithm of linear fitting to the BB measurements averaged over sampling points was an optimal choice for the radiometric calibration, and that the calibration coefficients determined by this method could reflect the pixel difference while maintaining a relative stability between each frame. Using the perturbation method, the influences of the BB temperature, wavelength, and emissivity offsets on the calibration coefficients were analyzed and discussed through theoretical deduction and computer simulation for improving the calibration accuracy of the instrument.


We reflect on the challenges and successes of a collaborative language documentation and revitalization project for Teotitlan del Valle Zapotec [zab]: an online Talking Dictionary. Questions of co-authorship, 'human subjects', technology and logistics, and the politics of orthography are considered.


[PROBLEMS] To mount a component also on the rear surface of a connecting section to an FPC, in a PCB connected to the FPC. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A wiring board module is provided with a connecting section wherein a conductor wiring of a first wiring board and a conductor wiring of a second wiring board are connected by an anisotropic conductive adhesive. The anisotropic conductive adhesive contains needle-shaped metal powder or straight chain metal powder in an insulating resin aligned in the thickness direction in the adhesion direction. A component is mounted at least on the first wiring board and the second wiring board, and the component is mounted on the rear surface opposite to the front surface whereupon the connecting section is formed.


Abstract : In the late 1990s, the military services were facing considerable recruiting and career retention problems. In responding, Congress was mindful of how low pay had contributed to decreased recruit quality in the late 1970s. It authorized larger pay raises, increased special pays and bonuses, more recruiting resources, and repeal of planned military retired pay reductions for future retirees. In the midst of these efforts, the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, took place, providing a sense of national unity and military purpose. The 9/11 attacks and the programmatic changes noted above initially helped recruiting substantially in the early 2000s. However, initial recruiting results for the first few months of 2005 indicate that the grueling pace of deployments to and from Iraq and Afghanistan, combined with the dangers of combat, have finally begun to cause long anticipated recruiting problems. Career retention is difficult to measure, due to the suspended separation and retirement of many personnel since September 11, 2001, but so far retention has been more than satisfactory. Debate continues over what kinds of pay and benefit increases are best for improving recruiting and retention. Of particular interest is the balance between across-the-board pay raises on the one hand, and ones targeted by grade, years of service, and occupational skill, on the other; and between cash compensation on the one hand and improvements in benefits such as housing, health care, and installation services on the other.


The main purpose of this study was to examine the triggering factors, risky behaviors and resilience of street children in Gondar city. One hundred ten street children were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data pertinent to the study was gathered through questionnaire and analyzed by using descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t–test and one way ANOVA). The result of the study revealed that children come to the streets for searching job, poverty, parental disintegration, peer pressure, family influence, city life attraction, parental use, school failure and following strangers in order of regularity. Regarding risk taking behaviors, males had statistically significant higher mean scores than females only in criminal acts; children 'of' the streets scored statistically significant higher mean than children 'on' the streets on the overall risk taking behavior including criminal acts, substance use and risk sexual practice. Furthermore, statistically significant difference were observed across the of seven to 10 years, 11-14 years and 15-18 years on the overall risky taking behavior, substance use and risk sexual practice. Generally majority of participants had moderate resilience: where females reported statistically significant higher mean score than males only on access to support and children 'on' the streets significantly higher than children 'of' the streets on the overall resilience, its dimensions and specific components like adaptability, self-efficacy, optimism, trust, tolerance of difference, social comfort, access to support and sensitivity.


Posterior probability measure is widely accepted as the most promising feature for automatic pronunciation quality evaluation. However, this measure is not phonetically consistent. This work presents a novel trainable phone-dependent transformation of posterior probability to deal with the problem. Both linear and non-linear transforms are investigated. Close form solution is found for linear transformation and gradient-based method is derived for nonlinear transformation. Experimental results on the database of 3685 people showed significant improvement. The cross-correlation between human and machine scores increases from 0.582 to 0.760.


This study was  designed to compare the level of some biochemical parameters and lipid fractions and percentage of fatty acids in serum of women with Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) , the study include (25)  patients(females) who were diagnosed by ultrasonography , the sample collection is from  Al-Bitol  teaching hospital in Mosul city, the age is between (25-40) year and compared with (25) normal woman with same age were collected as control and measurement of a number of biochemical parameters in serum  ,as well as analysis and measurement of percentage of fatty acids in the fatty component of serum  (cholesterol ester , phospholipids and triglyceride ) by applying thin layer chromatography (TLC) and then re-esterfication fatty acids and measurement percentage of fatty acids applying capillary gas chromatography (CGC) . the result of this study show that there is a significant differences in the level of studied  biochemical parameter and fatty acids percentage in  patients compared with the control group.


A common finding in the empirical literature is that financial volatility exhibits high persistence, or slow mean reversion of the order of months. We present evidence that financial volatility data contains more than a single time scale. When occasional parameter changes are not accounted for in global GARCH(1,1) estimations, they lead to an estimated persistence far above the average data-generating persistence. For parameter changes within realistic ranges for stock-price volatility we obtain global estimates close to integration while the average data-generating mean reversion is of the order of a few days. We find that the sensitivity of the maximum likelihood estimation of the GARCH(1,1) model to parameter changes is so high that it can be used to detect them. Using synthetic data, we compare this heuristic method to an established changepoint detector. We apply the heuristic to the annualized daily volatility series of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P500 index between 1985 and 2001 and identify segmentations that compare to each other and reduce the estimated average mean-reversion time to about a week. Spectral analysis supports our findings, it reveals a short time scale of the magnitude of 5-10 days present in the Dow Jones and in the S&P500. We propose a two-scale extension of the analogue to GARCH(1,1) in continuous time.


Some Researchers have tried to begin as an application of economic methods in the field of arts. Recently, They are developing an interest in the relationship between culture and the economy. The main question that motivates these scholars concerns the impact of cultural factors on economic behavior, and economic outcomes. As a result, new concepts emerged such as 'culture marketing', 'culturenomics', 'cultural city', 'creative city'. This paper aims to benchmark the successful cases of city revitalization by constructing infrastructure. For examples, I present the cultural strategies of New York, London, Beijing as the role models of world big cities. Similarly, I suggest the cultural strategies of Kanazawa, Bologna, Bilbao as the role models of world midium cities. By analysing on the good examples we can create city image, city attractiveness, and city sustainable competitive advantage.


One of the main purposes of the monitoring studies is a long-term research of benthic communities of the north part of the Caspian Sea. Analysis of quantitative and qualitative characteristics is the only means to formulate main laws of the development of benthic biocenosis in terms of enhanced oil and gas field development, as well as to provide a forecast of the state of the fields and of the human impact on them. In the survey period, from 2014 to 2016, 43 species of benthic invertebrates, namely 2 species of Annelida, 32 species of Crustacea and 9 species of Mollusca, were identified as the result of zoobenthos development study. In that period, total average population density of the benthic fauna within the Yuri Korchagin field water area made 6 716 organisms per square meter, while the general average biomass constituted 77.324 grams per square meter. During the whole period of the research such zoobenthos species as Crustaceans and mainly Gammarids, including Ch. Ischnus and St. similis , dominated in terms of population density. As to biomass, the most abundant zoobenthos species were molluscs - Mediterranean species M. lineatus and A. ovata with D. protracta - a marine species - dominating in different years. Zoobenthos diversity, quantity fluctuations and dominance of given species in biomass and population density at certain stations of the studied water area were linked principally to the water salinity, type of soil and food resources availability. The study of benthic invertebrates showed that Yuri Korchagin field area in the north part of the Caspian Sea is characterized by a high development of euryhaline and marine benthic invertebrates.


Transition to e-learning has become crucial in the last two years, partially forced by the current pandemic. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to examine an integrated and comprehensive moderation-cum-mediation model that focuses on user intention to adopt e-learning. Self-efficacy, interaction, and e-learning contents were taken as the independent constructs. User satisfaction and user intention were taken as dependent constructs. Enjoyment and choice were taken as moderators. "Choice" was explicitly used in this study as a moderator to test whether the transition was by force or choice. Five hundred and sixty-two teachers and students from two countries, India and Saudi Arabia, were considered for this study. The findings indicate that self-efficacy and interaction augment user satisfaction and user intention. User satisfaction enhances user intention. It also mediates the relationship between self-efficacy, interaction, and user intention. Choice moderates the relationship between interaction and user intention. Enjoyment moderates the relationship between e-learning contents and user intention. This study is unique as it provides a multi-group analysis that compares nationality, gender, and the type of respondents in a multi-national context. All the stakeholders of e-learning, the teachers, the students, the policymakers, and the platforms, may find the results of this study particularly useful.


In this paper we apply the method of the FDTD solution of the full-wave vectorial Maxwell-Bloch equations for a two-level quantum system to investigate the nonlinear gain spatio-temporal dynamics of an active semiconductor microcavity. We have performed a number of validation studies in order to establish the ability of our 1D semiclassical model to correctly recover the nonlinear gain dynamics of a homogeneously broadened two-level saturable gain medium.


This article presents the findings of a field experiment carried out in Madrid which aim was to a analyse gender and age discrimination in hiring in the labour market of Madrid. A set of five pairs of fictitious man-woman curricula were sent in response to 1,062 job offers in six occupations which were advertised on Internet over an eight-month period. It was quantified subsequently the extent to which the different firms contacted more or less the candidates of different sex, age and marital status. No discrimination is detected against women in terms of access to job interviews; however, discriminatory conduct is seen regarding the phenomenon of occupational gender, in the sense that there is a continuance among employers of stereotyped views on the greater suitability of women for certain tasks. No evidence is found to indicate firms showing relative discrimination against married women with children in the first phase of hiring process. And a clear evidence of discrimination is obtained on the basis of age: firms show a substantial fall in interest over interviewing 38-year-old candidates (compared to those aged 24 or 28). This would imply that the tendency to discriminate against older workers may be high, and, what is more, it may start at a surprisingly young age.


In order to enhance the practicality of the course of Ideology and Moral Cultivation and Law Foundation,the study,with " adapting to the new characteristics of university life" as the research program,attempts at a project teaching design,discusses the application of the project teaching in the course of Ideology and Moral Cultivation and Law Foundation,puts forward the implementation and evaluation of the teaching of this course,and presents relevant teaching achievement.


Background: Antibiotic use may increase hospital length of stay (LOS) among older patients with advanced cancer who are transitioned to comfort measures. Methods: We studied a cohort of patients with advanced cancer aged ≥65 years who were transitioned to comfort measures during admission from July 1, 2014, through November 30, 2016. We evaluated the association between antibiotic exposure and LOS using a Poisson regression model adjusted for age, gender, cancer type, comorbidities, infection, and intensive care unit admission. Results: Among 461 patients with advanced cancer, median age was 74 years (range: 65-99), 49.0% (n = 226) were female, and 20.6% (n = 95) had liquid tumors. Overall, 82.9% (n = 382) received ≥1 antibiotic and 64.6% (n = 298) had ≥1 infection diagnosis during hospitalization. Infection diagnoses commonly included sepsis (35%, n = 161/461), pneumonia (25%, n = 117/461), and urinary tract infection (14%, n = 66/461). Among those receiving antibiotics, the most common choices included vancomycin (79%, n = 300/382), cephalosporins (63%, n = 241/382), and penicillins (45%, n = 172/382). In a multivariable Poisson regression model, LOS was 34% longer (count ratio = 1.34, [95% confidence interval: 1.20-1.51]) among those exposed versus unexposed to antibiotics. Conclusions: Antibiotic use among patients with advanced cancer who are transitioned to comfort measures is associated with longer LOS. These data illustrate the importance of tradeoffs associated with antibiotic use, such as unintended increased LOS, when striving for goal-concordant care near the end of life.


The two books being reviewed are compilation of papers on the belief system and religion that are practiced by diverse local communities in the Indonesian archipelago. The first book concerned with the experience of repression and political persecution by the many local communities after the 1965 event, while the second book describe the adaptation processes of those local communities to islamization which is assumed as completed. Academically, the books is successful in exposing the transformation of religious life of diverse local communities located in different places in Indonesia.


The success of dental implants is influenced by several biomechanical factors such as implant design, bone quality, length of the implant, and the load transferred to the implant. The present studyaimsto determine the effects of bone quality, implant length, and bone type on stress/strain distribution in bone and implant for a zirconia implant. The study was performed using the three dimensional finite element analysis and four different lengths, two types of implants, and four different bone qualities. The Elastic modulus of a cancellous bone was varied to represent the four different bone qualities. A load of 100 N was applied at the center of the abutment. The result of this current work shows that a bone is subjected to the maximum equivalent stress and strain when the cancellous bone density decreased. The screw type implant induced lesser strain than the cylinder type load. The study also confirms that longer implants produced lesser stain than shorter implants, and type I, and II bones induced lesser stresses than type III, and IV bones. The importance of bone quality has been confirmed from this study, and zirconia dental implants have induced lesser stresses.


Purpose – The aim of this paper is to examine the early history of restaurants, as invented in Paris around 1766, deciding whether a market orientation ruled out genuine hospitality.Design/methodology/approach – Contemporary accounts, such as Brillat‐Savarin's section "On Restaurateurs" in The Physiology of Taste in 1825, are considered against a definition of hospitality as a household's provision of care for non‐members.Findings – The restaurateurs' innovation was selling individualized meals within the emerging consumer market. While Brillat‐Savarin recognized the commercial cynicism of even such brilliant exponents as Antoine Beauvilliers, their enterprises were hospitable to the extent that, emerging from domestic households, they were directed principally at meal‐making rather than money‐making. Highly "McDonaldized" corporations, whose primary purpose is profit, are a largely twentieth‐century development.Research limitations/implications – Defining hospitality as the provision of care by household...


Recently maps of Israel have appeared that ignore the Gaza strip and West-Bank. They are included in Israel, as are the Golan heights (Syria).


Currently, there is evidence of Triatoma infestans Klug, 1834 populations from southern Bolivia and northern Argentina with high levels of resistance to pyrethroids. In this study we characterized the susceptibility levels of 37 Triatominae populations to deltamethrin. The bioassays were performed by topical application of insecticides in the abdomen of 1 st stage nymphs of Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 and Triatoma sordida Stal, 1859 coming from the Northeast and Midwest regions of Brazil. Estimates of LD 50 and RR 50 of the different field populations showed high levels of susceptibility (LD 50 <1 and RR 50 <3) for all samples. It is suggested that the high spatial mobility of T. brasiliensis can be considered as the main obstacle to the selection of resistant individuals. The tests conducted showed that there is no need to replace the insecticide used in campaigns for vector control of Chagas disease in Brazil. However, temporal changes of susceptibility should be continuously monitored as well as the resistance mechanisms and their evolution in order to properly guide the actions of vector control.


The purpose of this paper is to establish sufficient conditions for closed range estimates on $(0,q)$-forms, for some fixed $q$, $1 \leq q \leq n-1$, for $\bar\partial_b$ in both $L^2$ and $L^2$-Sobolev spaces in embedded, not necessarily pseudoconvex CR manifolds of hypersurface type. The condition, named weak $Y(q)$, is both more general than previously established sufficient conditions and easier to check. Applications of our estimates include estimates for the Szego projection as well as an argument that the harmonic forms have the same regularity as the complex Green operator. We use a microlocal argument and carefully construct a norm that is well-suited for a microlocal decomposition of form. We do not require that the CR manifold is the boundary of a domain. Finally, we provide an example that demonstrates that weak $Y(q)$ is an easier condition to verify than earlier, less general conditions.


We recognized the three orders of Psocodea in 1978: Psocoptera, Mallophaga, and Anoplura. Objecting to our view, Haub (1980) maintained, without any new evidence, that all parasitic Psocodea constitute the order Phthiraptera, within which the Anoplura are placed as a suborder. We have reexamined the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic rankings of parasitic Psocodea with new data and procedural precision. All the taxonomic characters previously considered by Haub, Kim and Ludwig, and others are reevaluated, and new characters discussed and added to the cladistic analyses. Five cladistic hypotheses are critically tested, and the most parsimonious cladogram is accepted as the basis for the classification of Psocodea. The classification is constructed from the phylogram by using subordination and phyletic sequencing. The phylogram is developed by revamping the accepted cladogram with other autopomorphous and plesiomorphous characters not used in searching and testing the nested pattern of synapomorphy. Diagnosis is made directly from the phylogram for each of the psocodean taxa recognized in the classification. In summary, our view is reaffirmed that the Anoplura are distinct from the Amblycera, Ischnocera, and Rhynchophthirina (order Mallophaga) and should be treated as a separate order.


Food safety is an effort to control the risk factors of contaminations on food both come from food ingredients, people, places and equipment in order to be safe to consume. The purpose of this study was to determine the Behavior of sidewalk merchants and the bacteriological quality of eating equipments in the Jambangan Tourism Center of Surabaya City. This research is descriptive research with cross sectional approach. Data collection was by means of observation, interviews and laboratory tests. Total sample of 20 merchants. Data were analyzed descriptively in narrative form and tables. The results of research showed that the behavior of the food and drink merchants in the Jambangan Sidewalk Merchants Tourism Center of Surabaya as much as 75% behave good and 25% behave reasonably. The wipe test results of eating equipments in parameter Escherichia coli if compared with the Decree of Indonesian Health Ministry No. 1098/Menkes/VI/2003 showed that there are two stands positive Escherichia coli. It can be concluded that from the 20 merchants surveyed, 15 merchants (75%) behave well, five traders (25%) behave fairly and on wipe examination of eating tools there are 2 stands positive Escherichia coli. It is recommended in order that merchants apply the personal hygiene and provide 3 sinks for equipments and at drying use a clean cloth specifically for eating and drinking tools. Keywords   : Merchant behavior, bacteriological quality, tool wipe


Inulin is a renewable and cheap carbon source used in microbial fermentations. Bacillus licheniformis 24 is known as an excellent 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) producer from fructose; therefore, the cloning and expression of a robust heterologous inulinase could enhance its 2,3-BD production from inulin. The inu gene of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DSM 23505 encoding fructan-β-fructosidase (EC 126.96.36.199) was chosen for the purpose. PCR fragments containing the complete inu (3.6 kb) and its truncated variant inu-tr (2.2 kb, lacking Big3 cell wall attachment domains) were cloned into Escherichia coli StellarTM and B. licheniformis 24. The high quality of the recombinant constructs was confirmed by restriction analysis, PCR, sequencing, and phenotypic tests. The results showed that the inulinase activity of B. licheniformis cells harboring the full-length inu variant (T26) was eightfold higher compared to the wild type, retaining cell wall attachment in the B. licheniformis host. In contrast, the truncated variant inu-tr (T14) showed mostly extracellular but weak activity, thus suggesting that the Big3 domains are also important for the enzyme's function. During flask-batch fermentation of 100 g/L raw chicory flour (containing 90% inulin), T26 produced acetoin and 2,3-BD from inulin. Contrariwise, T14 and the wild type formed products only from the mono- and disaccharides naturally found in the chicory flour. In the fermenter, from 200 g/L of raw chicory flour, the recombinant T26 degraded approximately 140 g/L of the inulin. However, the final concentrations of the produced 2,3-BD and acetoin were 18.5 g/L and 8.2 g/L, respectively, because of the accumulation of unconverted sucrose. To conclude, further strain improvement is necessary to make the process efficient for obtaining 2,3-BD from inulin by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF).


Acute patellar dislocation (APD) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury are common injuries and can lead to devastating consequences if not treated appropriately. Their mechanism of injury is similar, namely, a valgus twisting injury as a result of sudden non-contact deceleration. Those at risk also share similar epidemiological and anatomical characteristics; they tend to be female, have ligamentous laxity, and be young, active adults, with dysplastic intercondylar and trochlear notches. Concurrent injuries are common: osteochondral defects and medial patellofemoral ligament tears are associated with APD, 1–3 and mensical and collateral ligament tears are associated with ACL injury. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard to diagnose these injuries and to differentiate patients that warrant surgery as opposed to conservative treatment. A large study in New Zealand estimated the incidence of ACL injuries to be 36.9 per 100 000 person-years. 4 ACL injury is possibly associated with a narrow intercondylar notch, particularly in females. Nonetheless, controversies exist as to the mechanism; whether a narrow notch leads to impingement and attritional rupture or whether a narrow notch means a smaller and more vulnerable ACL remains unknown. Anterior knee pain has many possible causes. It is associated with trochlear dysplasia on MRI. 5 The


Mastitis is probably the most important health disorder on dairy farms. This is reflected in a relatively high incidence of clinical mastitis and, on many farms a high prevalence of subclinical mastitis. Additionally, mastitis causes the quality of the milk to decrease, resulting in a loss of production and/or a less than optimal product. To this end, the dairy industry faces worldwide penalty programs trying to increase the quality of milk. The most important way to continuously produce milk of good quality is to keep the mastitis situation in the herd under tight control.


As a typical product of the transitional stage of urban development, the color steel buildings (CSBs) are easy to cause fire, which is difficult to be extinguished effectively and quickly. This paper aims at the particularity of the geographic location of the CSBs and the lack of joint application with Point of Interest (POI) and fire points in the study of urban fire risk., this paper investigated the fire risk of Lanzhou city based on above three types of data acquired in 2017. The involved data were meshed by kernel density analysis and superposition analysis. Afterward, the pairwise spatial coupling relationship of the data were visualized by two-factor cartography, through which the condition of spatial coupling were obtained. The relationship between the obtained regions and urban fire risk was further compared. The research results show that CSBs and the POI Point are highly coupled with the fire locations of Lanzhou spatially. Thus, the joint application of the two factors can be effectively utilized to evaluate the fire risk in Lanzhou. The phenomena that the CSBs outnumbered the POI Points indicates that the corresponding areas are not well urbanized and have high incidence of fire.


Detecting and processing global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals indoors and in urban canyons has gained immense attention due to the problems of very weak signals and hostile environments. Satellite navigation signal detection problem applies a statistical test in which a signal coming from a specific satellite is declared present or absent. This paper considers a new approach to the detection of weak GNSS signals using a Bayesian technique. The proposed detection method selects some search space cells as candidate cells where each candidate cell is associated with a code delay and a Doppler frequency. For each candidate cell a vector of a posteriori probabilities is propagated for a fixed number of operation cycles. At the end of the process, maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) criterion is used to select the correct cell. Simulation results are presented indicating that the proposed method provides a significant performance advantage over classical techniques of acquisition which utilize non-coherent integrations.


Currently, geotextile test methods give very conservative default atmospheres for conditioning and testing. Such conservatism is based upon a carryover from the textile industry. However, for the most common polymers currently used in geotextiles, it is necessary to question the need for such conservative atmospheric environments. An experiments was set up for the purpose of evaluating the sensitivity of polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET) yarns, and geotextiles to various temperatures and humidities. Variations in tensile strength and elongation were checked over a temperature range of 15 deg C to 35 deg C and a relative humidity range of 30% to 70%. PP tape yarn and PET continuous filament yarn were tested at 12 in./min, with a gauge length of 10 in. A PP nonwoven was tested as a 1-in. strip in the machine direction only. Again a 12-in./min speed was used and a 3-in. gauge length was employed. Results clearly showed that geotextiles or the yarns that constitute them are not sensitive to temperature or humidity changes. This was amplified by the fact that the average standard deviations of the PP nonwoven, PP tape yarns, and PET yarn for strength were 2.4, 0.7, and 0.3, indicating that most of the scatter in the data could be accounted for by specimen-to-specimen variation. It is concluded that the results provide justification for relaxing the present atmospheric testing conditions for PP and PET fabrics in most geotextile laboratories.


NF-κB is a versatile transcription factor that regulates a wide array of processes, including inflammation and survival, and plays a critical role in the etiology of inflammatory lung diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to play an antiinflammatory role through S-nitrosation of components of NF-κB pathway. NO production can be modulated by changing the availability of its substrate, L-arginine. Arginases compete with NO synthases (NOSs) for their common substrate, L-arginine, and thereby have the potential to alter the signaling function of NO. The goal of the present study was to determine the impact of arginase manipulation on NO, and subsequent effects on NF-κB activation, in lung epithelial cells. Our results demonstrate that reduction of arginase activity enhanced cellular content of NO and S-nitrosated proteins, and resulted in decreases in TNF-α– or LPS-stimulated NF-κB DNA binding and transcriptional activity, in association with enhanced S-nitrosation of p50. The effects of arginase inh...


According to the characteristics of limited periods,more contents and more difficulty in NC wire cutting practical teaching for science and engineering specialty in common colleges and universities.This paper puts forward a triune teaching method of learning before class through web courseware,skill training in class and practicing exercises in interactive network courseware after class.The practice shows that the method is feasible and effective on training students' practical and innovative abilities.


Four esters of germine, differing in the number of ester linkages and the nature of the participating acids, and veratridine have been investigated for their effect upon blood pressure, heart rate, right atrial pressure and blood flow in the perfused hindlimb of the dog. There were no qualitative differences between germerine, neogermitrine, desacetylgermitetrine and veratridine. Germitetrine had a slower onset and a longer duration of action and its maximally obtainable effects were smaller. The variations in potency between the esters were only small; the germine esters as a group were 3 to 5 times more potent than veratridine. All the hypotensive esters investigated caused a vasodilatation in the vascular bed of the femoral artery which was transmitted by nervous pathways. The dilatation was not influenced by atropine and can therefore not be mediated by cholinergic dilator nerves. Its magnitude was not closely related to the magnitude of the accompanying hypotension, and it is likely that the fall in blood pressure induced by these alkaloids is not entirely due to a decrease in peripheral resistance.


A drug currently used to prevent organ transplant rejection can avert type 1 diabetes in rats while maintaining immune system activation.


Stream scheduling strategy used in streaming media server can improve largely system service capability by increasing system efficiency and reducing bandwidth requirement. In this study, an incorporated scheduling strategy, which combines period-patching and batching scheduling strategy, is proposed. It uses period-patching scheduling to transmit the group-broadcasting streams, and then incorporates the nearby patching streams in a shared patching stream. The bandwidth resource and Qos of system can be improved at the expense of a little longer average waiting time. The simulation results show that incorporated scheduling strategy is more efficient and economical, in aspect of patching stream number and bandwidth requirement, than the typical period- patching scheduling under the circumstances of high visiting frequency for media resources or bursts of rapidly occurring events of user requests.


Chinese Digital Bibliography & Library Project (C‐DBLP) is a huge and real‐life co‐author social network in China, rarely cited by published paper. It contains a large amount of ground‐truth community structure with distinguished research topics. Despite the fact that rich studies on community detection have been conducted with gains of practically fruitful algorithms, unfortunately, with the coming of 'Big Data' era and speedy development of mobile devices, social networks like C‐DBLP have incredibly expanded on nodes and edges, as a result, because of massive data cardinality, a large portion of community detection methods consume memory resource excessively. Therefore, in this work, we select Based on Structural Connection Hierarchical Exploration (BSCHE) algorithm to partition nodes in C‐DBLP because of its O(n) time cost, fast enough to process massive data, and its novel physical meaning of similarity between nodes defined by structural connection and availability. In addition, in order to avoid huge memory resource consumption caused by 'Big Data' of C‐DBLP, we strengthen BSCHE as a framework (BSCHEF) by our proposed 'count‐pointer‐strategy' imitated from incremental batch process to detect co‐author communities on C‐DBLP. The experiment results show that BSCHEF can find sets of communities on C‐DBLP more effectively with the highest modularity value and the least execution time compared to other clustering algorithm. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


It is essential to have materials that can support armor systems for the application of body armor composed of anti-ballistic material from coated fibers in trials in order to defend military personnel with better ballistic performance who are lighter against growing threats and conflicts. to support defense-related ballistics. New materials used in personnel protection systems are the subject of this discussion. As ballistic shields, fiber composite materials are currently used due to their light weight and high flexibility. This essay also discusses a thorough analysis of mechanism performance and failure. This study's goal is to advance knowledge about composite material body armor that is covered with a soft spall liner material, which can be used as a model for lightweight, affordable, and safe designs for military troops in times of conflict.


The effect of two localized axisymmetric initial imperfections on the critical load of elastic cylindrical shells subjected to axial compression is studied through finite element modelling. This was carried out by means of the specialized shell buckling package Stanlax. First, a single defect having a triangular geometry is considered in order to determine the most adverse defect configuration, then two defects having this arrangement and which are symmetrically distributed along the shell length are introduced in the problem in order to assess their global interacting effect on the buckling load reduction. A statistical approach which is based on full factorial design of experiment tables and analysis of variance is used to quantify the relative influence of all the intervening factors. It is shown that two interacting defects yield further reduction of the shell critical load.


Abstract The main purpose of this article is to propose computational methods for Greeks and the multidimensional density estimation for an asset price dynamics model defined with time-changed Brownian motions. Our approach is based on an application of the Malliavin integration-by-parts formula on the Gaussian space conditioning on the jump component. Some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of our results.


EXTANT BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIAL suggests that the young Disraeli held two opposing senses of himself that were manifested in contradictory desires for recognition of very different sorts. Although he gloried in the ambitious egotism of his own genius and constantly sought expedient means of demonstrating its power in the pursuit of "success," Disraeli also clung to a sense of the innate superiority of another identity, one related to an awareness of his alien Jewish heritage and a need to claim an altruistic innocence or "purity" of heart. The tension between these psychic forces found expression in virtually every dimension of Disraeli's life-emotional involvements, intellectual development, aesthetic perceptions, and religious attitudes-but nowhere more consistently than in the imaginative shaping of his political career and the fantasy structure upon which his novels rest. The intention here is not to supplant the traditional interpretations of Disraeli's life and work with a reductionist psychological one. Clearly the novelist had aesthetic motives and the politician practical incentives, and neither can safely be ignored. In Disraeli's case, though, it can be argued that beyond these considerations the early fiction, however consciously organized, represents an embodiment of his fantasies about himself. Vivian Grey (1826) was instantly successful because its readers took it to be a disguised account of The Representativel affair and


New Orleans — Although laser cosmetic procedures have captured popular attention, chemical peels continue to be appropriate for many patients, according to Suzan Obagi, M.D., at the annual cosmetic surgery symposium of the American College of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.


UCB cell dose is a critical determinant of hematopoietic recovery & survival after UCB transplantation (UCBT) & is the major barrier to adult UCBT. Therefore, we have investigated the combined transplantation of 2 partially HLA-matched UCB units to augment graft cell dose. Twenty-three patients with high-risk hematologic malignancy [median 24 yrs (range: 13–53)] received two UCB units [median infused dose 3.5 x 10 7 NC/kg (range 1.1–6.3); larger unit 1.9 (0.6–3.6) & smaller unit 1.5 (0.5–2.7)]. Of the 46 units used, only 3 were 6/6, 16 were 5/6 & 27 were 4/6 HLA-A,B,DRB1 antigen matched unit to the recipient. All patients received myeloablative conditioning using cyclophosphamide 120 mg/kg (60 mg/kg days −7 & −6), & TBI 1320 cGy in 8 fractions with cyclosporine-A (CSA) from day -3 for at least 6 months. In addition, the first 2 patients received ATG 15 mg/kg every 12 hours days −3 to −1 & methylprednisone (MP) 1 mg/kg every 12 hours days 5–19. Subsequent patients (n = 21) received fludarabine 75 mg/m2 (25 mg/m2 days −8 to −6) & mycophenolate mofetil 1 gm twice daily from days −3 to +30 instead of ATG/MP. All evaluable patients (n = 21) engrafted at a median of 23 days (range 15–41). At day 21, engraftment was derived from both donors in 24% and a single donor in 76%, with one unit predominating in all patients (median chimerism in day 21 BM 100%). Notably, the predominating unit had a relatively low infused cell dose [median 1.8 x 10 7 NC/kg (range 0.7–3.6); 1.5 x 10 5 CD34+/kg (range 0.6–10.4)]. While neither NC, CD34+ & CFU-GM dose, nor HLA-A,B,DRB1 match, predicted which unit would predominate, the predominating unit had a significantly higher CD3+ dose (p 5 CD34+/kg was day 19.5 (range 15–27) vs day 26 (range 15–41) in patients (n=10) with a predominating unit of 0.6–1.5 x 10 5 CD34+/kg (p=0.01). Incidences of grade II–IV & III–IV acute GVHD were 65% (95%CI: 42–88) and 13% (95%CI: 0–26) at day 100, respectively, with 23% (95%CI: 6–40) having chronic GVHD at 1 year. Six month transplant-related mortality was 22% (95%CI: 5–39). With a median follow-up of 10 months (range: 3.5 months–2.5 yrs), disease-free survival (DFS) is 57% (95%CI: 35–79) at 1 year, with 72% (95%CI: 49–95) of patients alive at 1 year if transplanted in remission. These data clearly demonstrate the safety of double unit UCBT. Despite the low infused CD34+ cell dose of the predominating unit, all evaluable patients achieved sustained engraftment, with a low incidence of severe acute GVHD despite HLA-disparity. This has resulted in a low TRM, & DFS is high if patients are transplanted in remission. While the NC & CD34+ cell doses of each unit do not predict unit predominance, these parameters in the predominating unit determine the speed of neutrophil recovery. As a suitable double unit graft can be identified for the majority of adults, this approach represents a major extension of access to HSC transplantation.


This paper analyses the importance of the production of alcoholic beverages for the Belgian economy, with a particular focus on beer. First, the paper provides an outline of the recent development of production, imports, exports and domestic use of alcoholic beverages. This product analysis is complemented by a study of the branch of alcoholic beverages in which production, added value, investments and employment are discussed. Finally, production, revenue and employment multipliers are calculated using the input-output tables for the year 2010, as well as the total contribution of the whole production and distribution chain of the produced and imported alcoholic beverages to Belgian GDP and employment.


this book is one that .will be welcomed by anyone who is interested In the establishment of dramatherapy as a discipline and profession In its own right. "Dramatherapy: Theory and Practice for Teachers and Clinicians· is a collection of articles covering many aspects of dramatherapy.lt Is Intended aS'a definitive text for the clinical practitioner or teacher who wishes to use role-play and enactment In the context of therapeutic work'. There is comprehensive coverage of the range of settings In which dramatherapy is used as part of an established timetable. Each article also provides us with details of the development of dramatherapy In Its context and the special requirements and adaptation necessary for particular client groups. Dramatherapy with People with Mental Handicap gives a solid introduction to some of the basics of actual practice and an overview of the needs of this client group. Similarly, Dramatherapy with the Elderly describes both theory and practice fo work with ageing people. Dramatherapy in a Psychiatric Day Centre provides an overall view of the role and tasks of the dramatherapist in a psychiatric day centre and discusses the way In which dramatherapy groups operate as part of a general therapeutic process within a demanding environment. Dramatherapy In In-Patient Psychiatric Settings investigates the development of psychiatry and recent trends therin and relates these to the role of the dramatherapist in this complex and 'dramatic' psychiatric world. A Systems Approach to Dramatherapy Illustrates how dramatherapy offers techniques for bringing about change in Individuals, where the Individual Is perceived within the context of his or her interaction within systems, In particular the family system. Other articles which look at particular settings are Dramatherapy and the Teacher, and Dramatherapy with Disturbed Adolescents. Further articles are of a more theoretical nature and place dramatherapy In the context of psychodynamic theory, theories of creativity and drama. Dramatherapy and Groups looks at the particular contribution the dramatherapy group has to make, relating this to group work and psychodynamic theory, as well as examining the anthropological and cultural factors alive In the dramatherapy process. Dramatherapy and the Individual looks closely at the drama of the self, the intra psyche activity occuring in the individual. Drawing on clinical and theoretical experience of analytic psychology, the author examines the healing potential of drama. There is a welcome article on Dramatherapy and Psychodrama, where the history and theoretica foundations of both are closely and compassionately compared. Dramatherapy and Play reflects and expands on many considerations of dramatherapeutic practice with children, and lest we should disappear entirely down the rold of therapy, Dramatherapy and Drama explores the relationship between the dramatic, the theatre and the therapeutic process, the drama in dramatherapy. It is true that Dramatherapists face in stark terms the conflict between the requirement to be scientific and assessable and the immediacy of the creative, therapeutic processes. Anyone who practices dramatherapy knows that Its roots are In the creation of spontaneity and the release of creativity. A practitioner knows that this does not happen by accident but by the use of carefully worked out strategies and structures, through structuring the therapeutic process; theory Into practice.


Clinical and pharmacological, organizational and legal, forensic and pharmaceutical study of drugs of the N01AX03 group for anesthesia was conducted. A clinical and pharmacological research based on the results of a documentary analysis in a retrospective measurement of indicators of clinical-pharmaceutical safety of ketamine showed that ketamine became the first non-inhalation anesthetic. It causes dissociative anesthesia with an analgesic effect. It is used in emergency surgery, during evacuation in combat conditions, in cardiac surgery, dentistry, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, gynecology. It is prescribed for patients with traumatic shock and blood loss. The organizational and legal research based on the results of the study of the marketing, classification, legal, nomenclature and legal indicators of drugs with ATC code N01AX03 showed the circulation on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine of 4fourpsychotropic, prescription drugs of ketamine in the form of ampoules and vials for intramuscular and intravenous administration. Forensic and pharmaceutical research based on the results of the study of the control regime, availability, cases from forensic pharmaceutical practice, legal responsibility for the illegal circulation of drugs with ATS code N01AX03 made it possible to establish a direct relationship between the indicated indicators.


A media that can connect every human being in all corners of the world so that it creates a new world, namely the online or virtual world. From here it is very possible for an exchange of ideology to occur through a discourse carried by an individual or a group which could be through a content channeled through a medium such as Tiktok for example. The purpose of this research is to analyze critical discourse on the contents in Tiktok media related to FF and PUBG games. The research method used is qualitative with a critical paradigm as a foundation in the point of view used. The theory used in this study is Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis with descriptive analysis, interpretation and explanation methods. The result of this research is the discovery of differences in discourse that are raised in each content in Tiktok media, where each content framing is carried out with the characteristics of each individual, so that the meaning of the discourse raised can be known by the general public.


In Africa, food systems intersect with dynamics such as demographic growth, urbanisation, and climate change, as African food systems are key drivers of livelihood provision, development, and human-environment interactions. The governance of African food systems shapes how food systems are changing as a response to these dynamics, which will have important social, economic, and ecological impacts for generations of Africans. This article positions large land investments in food system changes in central Kenya and northern Mozambique based on a large-scale household survey and interviews, and uses these findings to debate the concept of food democracy. Large land investments contributed to more modern food systems, which impacted land availability, household's engagement in agriculture, and supply chains. These changes shifted power and control in local food systems. But even in the 'extreme' example of land investments, local perspectives challenge what could, and could not, be included in a democratic food system.


These days, in any application development, security for specific area has become crucial job in the service access environment. Since clients needs to utilize the unique services and resources in distributed computing environment. Here the security administrations and cloud portal frameworks have been highly advanced based on the client necessities. However cloud offers a lot of resources through the global service vendors and Multicloud technologies are rapidly in use, but still the cloud requires security enhancement. Applications become complex and have attacks when deployed on multiclouds .So it is very important factor to protect the data and resources from the hackers. In multiple cloud environments it is possible to control all the applications, user resources, secret information and other confidential user process level with the help of server less approach. The server less computing approach is a sort of Distributed computing execution model through which Cloud Service provider will allocate the resource to the client in a dynamic manner .This paper represents what is Multi cloud, advantages of Multicloud, Why Security issue with Multi cloud, How server less is different from monolith services and Security Approaches to multi cloud with server less computing.


Research background: Globalisation brings both opportunities and challenges. It affects relationships in various areas of business, including the wood processing industry. The EU seeks to make the most of globalisation for citizens and businesses while reducing its negative effects. Green purchasing is one of the tools that helps to eliminate the negative effects of globalisation. To increase the competitiveness in the wood processing industry through green purchasing is not only about reducing the direct environmental impact of business activities but also about bringing social and health as well as economic and political benefits. Green purchasing is intelligent purchasing, which increases the efficiency of procurement of goods and services with the lowest possible negative impact on the environment and thus replaces goods or services that would be purchased by default to perform the same function but with a worse impact on the environment.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to determine the benefits of applying green purchasing in wood processing companies. By identifying the internal and external environment, it is possible to determine the benefits of green purchasing in terms of economic, environmental, political, and social and health aspects.
Methods: Using the methods of expert estimation, SWOT analysis and Fuller's triangle, the paper evaluates the benefits of green purchasing, and defines appropriate measures with possible strategies for its application in the wood processing industry.
Findings & Value added: The main economic benefit is the reduced costs, social is the education of employees, and ecological benefit is the protection of forest resources.


The aim of this paper is to address the implications of using public expenditures and debt accumulation to enhance the Romanian economic recovery and support the economic development and growth on the long run. Firstly, we have presented a brief introduction that reviews the literature on the role of using public expenditures in times of economic downturn and theirs effects. Secondly, the paper presents, in a critical manner, according to the economic and functional classification, which categories of expenditures were financed by the government in 2009, compared with the previous two years, as a result of the stand-by agreement contracted by Romanian government with the international financial institutions. In the last part, we have presented two of the most important effects of public debt accumulation in Romania: the crowding-out effect and the intergenerational equity.


Aloe vera (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Xanthorrhoeaceae family) has long been used in folk or traditional medicine for diabetes. Several studies have been conducted on the effect of Aloe vera on glycaemic control, but the results appear inconsistent. We undertook a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the effect of Aloe vera on glycaemic control in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.


In the public sector in Romania, leadership development has been addressed only rarely and briefly. Currently, Romania is unable to mobilize a large number of leaders because it has started gradual reform. The image or reputation of the organization and organizational culture must be assessed, controlled and directed towards achieving goals. In Romania, the future public leaders must first be identified, so public institutions should consider the leadership skills and recruit future leaders from among university graduates in the field. This paper aims to examine and show the meaningful aspects of a leader in the public administration. So, this research will show aspects of the influence of leadership and performance in public administration in Romania as well as the practice of the leadership function in a public institution, such as a city hall.


The present invention mainly relates to a connector (10) to bind the two half beams (8.1, 8.2) so as to form a beam (8) of a vehicle, in particular a front spar. The connector (10) has two axially opposite cavities, for receiving a proximal end (8.1.2, 8.2.2) of each half-girder (8.1, 8.2), the connector (10) being formed in one piece by example by moulage.La present invention also relates to a beams manufacturing method according to the present invention.


: The main objective of this work was to identify and map studies relevant to internet freedoms in Africa and analyze them to identify patterns and trends distribution in order to nurture public debate and for due consideration by researchers and policy makers within the region. The need to focus on internet freedoms in Africa is because of limited research contextualizing internet freedoms in this region and challenges with public availability and accessibility of the research evidence. The goal is to enhance learning on the research evidence available that could be relevant in advancing internet policies in Africa. The search for studies on internet freedoms was based on identified themes and indicators of internet freedoms. The study methodology was online desk research with full focus on empirical studies between 2013-2019.


Studies to evaluate the effect of different combinations of lime mine spoil: forest soil (1:0, 1:1, 2:1 v/v), lime mine spoil: forest soil: FYM (1:1:1, 1:2:1, 0:1:0 v/v), lime mine spoil: sand: FYM (1:1:1, 2:1:1 v/v) and lime mine spoil: sand: compost (1:1:1, 1:0:1 v/v) on performance of four tree species viz., Leucaena leucocephala, Eucalyptus hybrid, Acacia catechu and Bauhinia variegata were conducted in poly-bags of size 22" x 12" (LxB). The experiment was carried out following randomized complete block design with three replications during 2002. The results showed that combination of lime mine spoil: forest soil: farmyard manure in the ratio of 1:2:1 (v/v) was found to be most effective with regard to growth and biomass production parameters in all the four tree species. Leucaena leucocephala gave maximum values for height, collar diameter, shoot dry weight and total biomass followed by Eucalyptus hybrid, Bauhinia variegata and Acacia catechu.


Lou Seig's career in geography, marked by tireless service as a dedicated educator and ardent supporter of our discipline, spanned nearly three decades. He influenced and advised countless students and became a respected administrator who enhanced the visibility of geography at three different institutions. Upon retirement from Oklahoma State University (OSU), Lou assumed editorship of the Journal of Cultural Geography, an unselfish act that personified his commitment to our discipline. Lou was born May 4, 1931 in New York City. His parents, Victor and Rebecca Seidenberg, had three children whom they raised in the Jewish faith. Lou was their second son and middle child. In 1947 the Seidenberg family moved to New Orleans where Lou attended Fortier High School; he graduated in 1949. That fall he enrolled at Louisiana State University (LSU) and studied geography and anthropology, earning a bachelor's degree in geography in 1954. While at LSU he changed his name to Seig. Following graduation Lou entered the Air Force as an officer and served on active duty for two decades. A veteran of the Vietnam War, he retired as a lieutenant colonel in 1974. During the early 1960s Lou returned to Baton Rouge and LSU for graduate study in geography. Fred Kniffen agreed to serve as chair of his research committee, composed of Robert West, H. Jesse Walker, and Malcolm Webb. Long interested in agricultural landscapes, Lou began his study of tobacco cultivation in the Connecticut Valley. He completed his thesis and received his master's degree in geography in 1961, but maintained contact with Kniffen and occasionally notified him of his service duties and other plans. While a graduate student at LSU Lou earned the respect of faculty members in geography and anthropology, including Fred Kniffen and William Haag. Kniffen considered Lou to be "an excellent student ... highly competent, hard working, and dedicated to the field of geography." Haag considered Lou "ideally suited for the teaching profession." (1) In 1964, after serving as an intelligence officer in Spain, Lou was assigned as a geography instructor to the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado. His performance at the Academy was such that he was selected by the Air Force for graduate study, whereupon he entered the Ph.D. program at the University of Minnesota in 1966. Under the advisement of John Webb, Lou began a historical study of Springfield, Massachusetts. This became the basis for his doctoral dissertation. With his Ph.D. in hand, Lou was promoted to associate professor at the Air Force Academy and became chair of the Western European Area Studies Program. This marks the first of many service positions and leadership roles he held during his academic career. Lou's experiences in Colorado inspired his long-term interest in Native Americans, minority groups, and the European region. On several occasions in the late 1960s and early 1970s the Seigs, often accompanied by their good friends, Wes and Nancy Dow and family, would take excursions to visit various Indian pueblos in the Southwest. Lou and Wes also traveled to Belgium and the Netherlands. These adventures, along with earlier experiences in Spain, fostered his fascination with Europe, its peoples, and landscapes, and stimulated his interest in the cross-cultural manifestations of pueblos, ghettoes, and reservations. Lou retired from the Air Force in 1974 and became chair of the fledgling department at the University of Louisville. Lou devoted his energy to guiding that department, which had been established just two years earlier, through its formative years. From the outset he realized that building relations with other programs would help to solidify geography's place in the academic milieu at Louisville. As a result, Lou was instrumental in creating a cooperative interdepartmental program in American Studies. Yet bureaucracies exasperated Lou because he felt they were out of touch with the institutions they were serving. …


The headspace gas chromatography method was used to determine the residual methanol,propylene oxide in poly(propylene carbonate).The results indicated that the linear ranges of methanol and propylene oxide were 0.025-0.400 g·L-1(r=0.9994) and 0.025-0.400 g·L-1(r=0.9997) respectively,the recoveries were 95.4%and 98.3%respectively,RSD were 3.7% and 1.8%(n=5) respectively.The method is simple,accurate and sensitive with good reproducibility,which can be used for determining of the residual methanol and propylene oxide in poly(propylene carbonate).


An extensive research program has been underway at the NASA Langley Research Center to define and develop the technologies required for low-speed flight of high-performance aircraft. This 10-year program has placed emphasis on both short takeoff and landing (STOL) and short takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL) operations rather than on regular up and away flight. A series of NASA in-house as well as joint projects have studied various technologies including high lift, vectored thrust, thrust-induced lift, reversed thrust, an alternate method of providing trim and control, and ground effects. These technologies have been investigated on a number of configurations ranging from industry designs for advanced fighter aircraft to generic wing-canard research models. Test conditions have ranged from hover (or static) through transition to wing-borne flight at angles of attack from -5 to 40 deg at representative thrust coefficients.


The eastern Canada-West Greenland (EC-WG) bowhead whale Balaena mysticetus population is slowly recovering from the intensive commercial whaling of the 18th and 20th cen- turies. However, climate change, through effects on ice conditions and prey availability, is one of several threats that might affect bowhead whale recovery. In this study, we exploited the variabil- ity observed in isotopic signatures of prey assemblages across the eastern Arctic to examine vari- ability in diet among bowhead whales (n = 202) and identify their potential foraging areas. We compared δ 13 C and δ 15 N isotope ratios of biopsied skin samples with those of potential zooplank- ton prey species collected across the Canadian eastern Arctic, and calculated the proportional contributions of various sources (zooplankton) to the diet of bowhead whales using a Bayesian sta- ble isotope mixing model. A cluster analysis indicated some variability in isotopic composition among groups of individuals, but not between males and females or age classes. The isotopic model discounted Davis Strait and Disko Bay as potential foraging areas for bowhead whales, at least in spring and summer. Lancaster Sound, Baffin Bay and the Gulf of Boothia were the 3 main areas likely used for summer feeding, where bowhead whales fed primarily on large Arctic calanoid copepods (Calanus hyperboreus, C. glacialis, Metridia longa, and Paraeuchaeta spp.), mysids and euphausiids. While some inter-individual variability in diet was observed, the strong dependence of this endemic Arctic species on Arctic zooplankton may make them vulnerable to the predicted latitudinal shift in prey species composition caused by ongoing warming.


These research notes examine the discussions and political actions against the impact of the economic crises in Chile and the Federal Republic of Germany between the 1970s and 1983. Presenting a state of the art on the various variables related to the political discussion of the economy and the management of the economic crises of the 1970s and 1982, the article seeks to make a contribution to the development of transnational history, where the comprehension of the diversity of responses in different societies improves the knowledge and understanding of global connections and common problems, leaving behind the Eurocentric view of history. The final conclusion suggests that neoliberal measures do not follow a single path and cannot be seen abstractly or separately from the socio-political conditions and developments. Keywords: neoliberalism, crisis of capitalism, Chile, West Germany.


The correlation of the number of published papers,cited frequency,downloading frequency,H index,cited rates of 30 journals with highest cited frequency of CNKI citation database is calculated and analyzed.The result shows that the positive correlation between the number of published papers,downloading frequency and highly negative correlation between the number of published papers,Cited Rates and also H Index.It is suggested that it was not suitable to pursue the number of published papers one-sidedly.One journal should keep appropriate volume and take the high quality roads.On the other hand,it shows the applied value of H index as a new journal measurement index.


There are new quality requirements for managerial talents. China has to adapt to the development situations in the new century and foster managerial talents of high quality so as to realize rapid development, to construct an all-round well-off society. The talents must have 6 types of ideas and 6 kinds of abilities. Therefore, China should construct the modes of jointly fostering managerial talents with enterprises, make teaching plans favorable to this purpose, adjust the curriculum and improve the teaching methods.


Three dimensional (3D) Dirac semimetals which can be seen as 3D analogues of graphene have attracted enormous interests in research recently. In order to apply these ultrahigh-mobility materials in future electronic/optoelectronic devices, it is crucial to understand the relaxation dynamics of photoexcited carriers and their coupling with lattice. In this work, we report ultrafast transient reflection measurements of the photoexcited carrier dynamics in cadmium arsenide (Cd3As2), which is one of the most stable Dirac semimetals that have been confirmed experimentally. By using low energy probe photon of 0.3 eV, we probed the dynamics of the photoexcited carriers that are Dirac-Fermi-like approaching the Dirac point. We systematically studied the transient reflection on bulk and nanoplate samples that have different doping intensities by tuning the probe wavelength, pump power and lattice temperature, and find that the dynamical evolution of carrier distributions can be retrieved qualitatively by using a two-temperature model. This result is very similar to that of graphene, but the carrier cooling through the optical phonon couplings is slower and lasts over larger electron temperature range because the optical phonon energies in Cd3As2 are much lower than those in graphene.