The dynamic structure factors ${S}_{\mathrm{ij}}$(k,\ensuremath{\omega}) (i,j=3,4) of density fluctuations in mixtures of various $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ concentrations are evaluated at zero temperature for a range of wave numbers k and frequencies \ensuremath{\omega} centered around the $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ roton excitations. The calculations are performed within a model that has been derived earlier by the authors and which is based upon a 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2 matrix dispersion-relation representation of the dynamic density susceptibilities of the mixture. The role that the three different partial density-fluctuation spectra ${S}_{\mathrm{ij}}$(k,\ensuremath{\omega}) play in determining the spectral structure (and its variation with wave number and concentration) of the total neutron scattering law of the mixture is elucidated in quantitative detail. The theoretical predictions for the latter are compared, after appropriate resolution broadening, with low-temperature experimental neutron scattering spectra obtained for wave-number transfers in the roton range.


The article considers the theoretical background and views of modern scientists on the essential characteristics of strategic management and planning, organization development strategy as a component of strategic management. The relevance of strategic planning of general secondary education is justified in the context of strategic management as an open socio-pedagogical system. It emphasized the preventive nature of strategic management as strategies aimed at the future development of the educational institution. The technological aspect of developing general secondary education strategy described considering the regulatory requirements of current legislation to ensure radical and systematic reform of general secondary education, quality of education and educational activities, implementation of the Concept "New Ukrainian School". The content of strategic school management, the essence of the concepts "technology", "pedagogical technology", the list of technologies, and methods of developing a strategy for the development of educational institutions are revealed. The structure, algorithm of development, stages of development and implementation, conditions of the viability of strategy of development of the institution of general secondary education are described. It is emphasized the relevance of the application of the cluster approach technologies described earlier by the author; foresight; benchmarking; project cycle management and methods of SWOT-analysis, Delphi, positive assessment of the situation, etc. The author outlines the experience of practical implementation of research results on this issue at events at the national level and in the Ukrainian-Austrian project "Leadership and management competencies for effective quality development in support schools".


The network's virtual cyberspace makes each individual wore a protective "network uniforms",individual rights can only dilute the responsibility.So,the"anonymous uniform"psychologic effect is very likely lead to netizen behavior's "group polarization"or "the fallacy of composition".So,the anonymous netizen behavior must be fixed and led effectively,we may take measures as technical adjustment,real name on the network,network legislation and legal supervision and netizen rationality.


Patient‐derived cells from surgical resections are of paramount importance to brain tumor research. It is well known that there is cellular and microenvironmental heterogeneity within a single tumor mass. Thus, current established protocols for propagating tumor cells in vitro are limiting because resections obtained from conventional singular samples limit the diversity in cell populations and do not accurately model the heterogeneous tumor. Utilization of discarded tissue obtained from cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) of the whole tumor mass allows for establishing novel cell lines in vitro from the entirety of the tumor, thereby creating an accurate representation of the heterogeneous population of cells originally present in the tumor. Furthermore, while others have described protocols for establishing patient tumor lines once tissue has arrived in the research lab, a primer from the operating room (OR) to the research lab has not been described before. This is integral, as basic research scientists need to understand the surgical environment of the OR, including the methods utilized to obtain a patient's tumor resection, in order to more accurately model cancer biology in laboratory. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.


183 wheat varieties were evaluated resistant to Sitodiplosis mosellana in the field.The results showed that there was significant difference among them in resistance of S.mosellana.High resistantace,moderate resistantance,low resistantance,susceptible and highly susceptible varieties were 24.59%,16.94,18.58%,14.21% and 25.68%,respectively.There was significant difference in ratio of damaged ear,damaged seed and estimated damage among wheat varieties.The 45 highly resistant varieties and 31 moderate resistant ones are valuable as a main extention variety and reserved variety in occured area of S.mosellana or for breeding of resistance varieties.


The present study tested a multivariate model of direct and indirect influences of family Socioeconomic Status (SES) on children's early reading skills at kindergarten entry. The data used here are from one of the largest national databases in the USA, the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten cohort (ECLS-K). Utilizing structural equation modeling, the results revealed that a number of factors within parental characteristics, home practices, and SES come together to influence children's early reading skills. SES operated primarily indirectly through home literacy activities and also directly in influencing reading. In addition, parental beliefs about kindergarten readiness mediated the relation between SES and home literacy activities. Thus, SES influenced early reading directly and indirectly, through home literacy activities, and simultaneously, through parental beliefs, which in turn, were associated with home literacy activities that were directly associated with children's reading. The findings emphasized the multiple pathways through which SES is associated with children's reading and the need to search for other mediators of SES influence.


Independent living centers offer a new method of serving people with disabilities which utilizes a consumer approach in program management and service delivery. The two-fold purpose of centers is to assist people with disabilities in establishing lives of independence and to advocate for changes in society. Initially established in urban settings in the early 1970's, the independent living center model spread to many rural communities during the 1980's. The authors provide an overview to independent living centers, including a definition of independent living, identification of the four distinguishing characteristics of centers, and a description of core services. They examine the special demands which rural life places on independent living service provision, including a review of barriers to rural independent living and ways independent living centers are addressing these barriers. The article closes with a list of recommendations of subject areas in which additional training and research programs are needed.


The combination of a rising incidence and a poor survival rate makes oesophageal cancer a major health issue. Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus is associated with one of the commonest pre-malignant lesions recognised, Barrett's metaplasia. This provides a focus for early detection and intervention. The subjects of acid suppression, bile reflux, COX-2 inhibition and ablation therapy will be discussed herewith. Established carcinoma is now rarely treated by surgery alone and this review discusses the benefits of multimodality therapy combined with more accurate staging techniques. Finally an emerging understanding of the molecular events that characterise the transition to carcinoma may provide novel targets in cancer therapy such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and TNF-α. This review will focus on some of the future developments in the treatment of oesophageal cancer.


Capitalism has been the most important force in shaping the fate of the Jews in the modern world. Among Jews, economic success has been a source of both pride and embarrassment. Among their neighbors, it has prompted both affection and abhorrence. Either way, the fate of Western Jewry has long been tied to the moral case for capitalism and the bourgeois society. A review of Jerry Z. Muller, Capitalism and the Jews (Princeton, 2010).


It is well known that data centers are consuming a large amount of energy that incurs significant financial and environmental costs. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in utilizing green energy for data centers, where green energy sources include solar and wind. This paper studies the crucial problem of maximizing the utilization of green energy through scheduling complex jobs in data centers in order to reduce the use of traditional brown energy. However, it is highly challenging for data centers to make use of green energy. First, the availability of typical green energy is variable to dynamic changes of natural environments, for example, weather. Second, although predictions can be made for the future availability of green energy, it is inevitable that such predictions have errors. Third, jobs are associated with strict deadlines, and it is required that jobs are completed before their deadlines. Finally, because the reliability in a data center relies upon temperature, the awareness of temperature should be taken into account while maximizing the green energy. In this paper, we consider online scheduling of jobs whose arrivals to the data center system dynamically. In addition, we explicitly take the power consumption of switches into account when scheduling jobs onto computing nodes. Two solar energy‐aware algorithms called SEEDMin and SEEDMax have been proposed. Then, we extend SEED to RSEED with the awareness of reliability. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, comprehensive simulations have been conducted, and the proposed algorithms are compared with other state‐of‐art algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that both SEEDMin and SEEDMax can significantly increase the utilization of solar energy without violating job deadlines and overall energy budget. The amount of solar energy utilized by SEEDMin and SEEDMax is 33.4%and35.3% larger than that of two traditional scheduling algorithms, MinMin and MinMax, respectively. Also, it can be seen that RSEED greatly improves the reliability by decreasing the temperature. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The title complex [Fe2(CO)6{CEtCEt(CO2)}] has been obtained from [Fe3(CO)12] and hex-3-yne in hydrocarbon solvents and characterized by i.r., mass, and 1H and 13C n.m.r. spectra. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The crystals are triclinic, space group P, with Z= 2, in a unit cell of dimensions a= 9.500(9), b= 10.627(11), c= 9.140(9)A, α= 109.61(8), β= 117.27(8), and γ= 79.71(7)°. The structure has been solved from diffractometer data by Patterson and Fourier methods and refined by full-matrix least squares to R= 0.027 for 3 295 observed reflections. The complex is formed by two non-equivalent iron atoms (Fe–Fe 2.438 A), both co-ordinated by three terminal CO, and by a diethyl-substituted 'acrylate' ligand bound to both irons via Fe–C π and Fe–C and Fe–O σ bonds. This ligand is derived by insertion of a CO2 group between the alkyne and the metal atoms. In the complex an unusual five atom carbon–oxygen–iron heterocycle is present and an oxygen of the carboxyl group symmetrically bridges both iron atoms (Fe–O 1.950 and 1.990 A). Variable-temperature 13C n.m.r. studies in solution show localized exchange of the CO groups at lower temperatures, whereas at room temperature a bonding interchange within the organic moiety and the iron atoms is proposed. Some comments on the factors influencing the formation of this complex and on the possible intermediates in the reaction are made.


This report documents the work performed in the implementation of the micro-to-mainframe (MMCS) project. It describes the methodology used in the technical evaluation towards achieving the MMCS results. It also identifies the source materials used in collecting the technical data. Finally, it reports the analysis results of the evaluation work performed.


Photonics is an inherently interdisciplinary endeavor, as technologies and techniques invented or developed in one scientific field are often found to be applicable to other fields or disciplines. We present two case studies in which optical spectroscopy technologies originating from stellar astrophysics and optical telecommunications multiplexing have been successfully adapted for biomedical applications. The first case involves a design concept called the High Throughput Virtual Slit, or HTVS, which provides high spectral resolution without the throughput inefficiency typically associated with a narrow spectrometer slit. HTVS-enhanced spectrometers have been found to significantly improve the sensitivity and speed of fiber-fed Raman analysis systems, and the method is now being adapted for hyperspectral imaging for medical and biological sensing. The second example of technology transfer into biomedicine centers on integrated optics, in which optical waveguides are fabricated on to silicon substrates in a substantially similar fashion as integrated circuits in computer chips. We describe an architecture referred to as OCTANE which implements a small and robust "spectrometer-on-a-chip" which is optimized for optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCTANE-based OCT systems deliver three-dimensional imaging resolution at the micron scale with greater stability and lower cost than equivalent conventional OCT approaches. Both HTVS and OCTANE enable higher precision and improved reliability under environmental conditions that are typically found in a clinical or laboratory setting.


We present 18 yr of OGLE photometry together with spectra obtained over 12 yr revealing that the early Oe star AzV 493 shows strong photometric (ΔI < 1.2 mag) and spectroscopic variability with a dominant, 14.6 yr pattern and ∼40 day oscillations. We estimate the stellar parameters T eff = 42,000 K, logL/L⊙=5.83±0.15 , M/M ⊙ = 50 ± 9, and v sin i = 370 ± 40 km s−1. Direct spectroscopic evidence shows episodes of both gas ejection and infall. There is no X-ray detection, and it is likely a runaway star. The star AzV 493 may have an unseen companion on a highly eccentric (e > 0.93) orbit. We propose that close interaction at periastron excites ejection of the decretion disk, whose variable emission-line spectrum suggests separate inner and outer components, with an optically thick outer component obscuring both the stellar photosphere and the emission-line spectrum of the inner disk at early phases in the photometric cycle. It is plausible that AzV 493's mass and rotation have been enhanced by binary interaction followed by the core-collapse supernova explosion of the companion, which now could be either a black hole or a neutron star. This system in the Small Magellanic Cloud can potentially shed light on OBe decretion disk formation and evolution, massive binary evolution, and compact binary progenitors.


Using a series of correlation consistent basis sets from double to quintuple zeta in conjunction with large internally contracted multireference configuration interaction ~CMRCI! wave functions, potential energy functions have been computed for the X Sg 1 anda Pu states of C2 and the 1 S and 1P states of CN, BN, and BO. By exploiting the regular convergence behavior of the correlation consistent basis sets, complete basis set limits have been estimated that led to accurate predictions for the electronic excitation energies, dissociation energies, equilibrium bond lengths, and harmonic vibrational frequencies. The 1 S states of CN and BO are predicted to be the electronic ground states of these species with predicted equilibrium excitation energies ( Te) to the low-lying a P states of 880 6100 cm and 50006200 cm, respectively.A P ground state of BN is predicted with an excitation energy to the low-lying a S state of just 190 6100 cm. Identical calculations on the singlet–triplet splitting of C 2 yielded a prediction of 778 cm 21 for Te , which was just 62 cm above the experimental value. Accurate equilibrium bond lengths and fundamental frequencies are also predicted for BN, BO , and thea P state of CN. Dipole moment functions have been computed by CMRCI for the ground and excited electronic states of the three heteronuclear diatomics, and these have been used to derive accurate microwave and infrared transition probabilities for these species. A dipole moment in v50 of 5.42 D is calculated for theX S state of BO, which should lead to an intense microwave spectrum. While the X P ground state of BN is predicted to have a very weak infrared spectrum, this species should be observable in the microwave region since the predicted m0 is 1.98 D. Both the microwave and infrared spectra ofX S CN should be of moderate intensity. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.


War and Peace and Anna Karenina are widely recognized as two of the greatest novels ever written. Their author, Leo Tolstoy, has been honoured as the father of the modern war story, and as an innovator in psychological prose and forerunner of stream of consciousness. Leo Tolstoy: A Very Short Introduction examines the life and work of Leo Tolstoy, exploring both his celebrated novels and non-fiction writings, addressing the eternal questions of love, death, war, peace, faith, and activism found in them. It also considers Tolstoy's different roles as a writer, thinker, and activist, highlighting those aspects of his work that are still relevant today.


In this paper,the point of weighted least squares on linear internal-product space is defined,and then the existence and uniqueness about the point is discussed.


Elastic guided waves (GW) are used in various non-destructive testing (NDT) methods to inspect plate-like structures, generated by finite-sized transducers. Thanks to GW long range propagation, using a few transducers at permanent positions can provide a full coverage of the plate. Transducer diffraction effects take place, leading to complex radiated fields. Optimizing transducers positioning makes it necessary to accurately predict the GW field radiated by a transducer. Fraunhofer-like approximations applied to GW in isotropic homogeneous plates lead to fast and accurate field computation but can fail when applied to multi-layered anisotropic composite plates, as shown by some examples given. Here, a model is proposed for composite plates, based on the computation of the approximate Green's tensor describing modal propagation from a source point, with account of caustics typically seen when strong anisotropy is concerned. Modal solutions are otherwise obtained by the Semi-Analytic Finite Element method. Transducer diffraction effects are accounted for by means of an angular integration over the transducer surface as seen from the calculation point, that is, over energy paths involved, which are mode-dependent. The model is validated by comparing its predictions with those computed by means of a full convolution integration of the Green's tensor with the source over transducer surface. Examples given concern disk and rectangular shaped transducers commonly used in NDT.


41 at-grade junctions constructed in accordance with Austrian specifications were subjected to an accident analysis. This demonstrated that junctions with four connecting roads had twice the relative accident figures as t-junctions. It appeared furthermore, that a simple junction form - without a triangular island next to the trickle lanes would appear to be the best. Lighting of the junctions is recommended to reduce the accident risk in darkness from pedestrian and skidding accidents and accidents due to failure to yield right-of-way. In before-and-after studies the effectiveness of the Austrian specifications regarding traffic safety were checked. In the alignment of secondary roads, curves and inclines were found to have a favourable effect in the linking up with main roads as far as road safety was concerned. Speed measurements at 17 junctions provided confirmation that design speeds are frequently exceeded and therefore operating speeds for the design of constructional elements should be drawn up. Furthermore, a theoretical equation for the preliminary calculation of traffic accidents at junctions was found. (TRRL)


A manufacturing method for a tuning self-locking screw comprises the steps that materials are selected, a manufactured cold heading die is fixedly mounted on a cold heading device, a prepared blank material is put into the cold heading die, the cold heading device is started, machining parameters of the cold heading device are set and comprise machining temperature, machining speed and the like, the cold heading pressure P of the cold heading device is adjusted, cold heading machining begins to be carried out on the blank material, and one-time forming of cold heading machining is achieved; after cold heading machining is completed, thread machining is carried out on one end of a machined workpiece, and two sets of threads are arranged and are not connected; after the threads are machined, the portion between the two threads is machined until the diameter of the portion is 40%-70% of the diameter of the non-machined diameter of the workpiece; and after machining is carried out, receiving grooves which facilitate a screwdriver to driven a screw are machined in tops of one ends of the threads. One-time machining is achieved in a cold heading manner; and compared with machining through a numerical control machine tool, equipment and manpower cost can be saved.


In the title compound, C19H20N2O2, the phenyl rings are inclined to the five-membered ring by 58.08 (6) and 66.31 (5)°. In the crystal, pairwise N—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds form chains along the a-axis direction which are connected into layers approximately parallel to [010] by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The layers are connected by C—H⋯π(ring) interactions.


We have demonstrated a 75 % coupling efficiency from a monolithically integrated master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) diode laser source into a single-mode optical fiber. This was then used to pump a Pr3+-doped fiber amplifier. A net fiber gain of 19 dB was demonstrated and a 4 dB receiver enhancement was observed when the Pr3+-doped fiber was used as a preamplifier in a 2.5 Gbit NRZ transmission experiment.


The present paper proposes an automatic dynamic process in order to find the parameters of the seismic isolation systems applied to large span structures. Three seismic isolation solutions are proposed for the model of the new Slatina Sport Hall. The first case uses friction pendulum system (FP), the second one uses High Damping Rubber Bearing (HDRB) and Lead Rubber Bearings, while (LRB) are used for the last case of isolation. The placement of the isolation level is at the top end of the roof supporting columns. The aim is to calculate the parameters of each isolation system so that the whole's structure first vibration periods is the one desired by the user. The model is computed with the use of SAP2000 software. In order to find the best solution for the optimization problem, an optimization process based on Genetic Algorithms (GA) has been developed in Matlab. With the use of the API (Application Programming Interface) libraries a two way link is created between the two programs in order to exchange r...


We propose an alternative approach for analyzing the competitive effects of common ownership: to directly analyze the weights that firms place on each others' profits rather than using measures of industry concentration (MHHI and GHHI). Analyzing weights has at least three advantages: it places fewer restrictions on the nature of competition, it requires less data to test, and it circumvents endogeneity concerns with concentration measures. We apply our approach to data from the banking industry, and our preliminary results mixed and overall rather muted. The sign of the competitive effect is sensitive to specification, and the effects we estimate are economically quite small. Firms upon which significant weight is placed either by themselves or competitors move very little in price or quantity distributions. PRELIMINARY PLEASE DO NOT CITE OR DISTRIBUTE WITHOUT PERMISSION JEL Codes:


A flat keyboard with piezoelectric detection comprising a base plate on which by means of at least an adhesion layer (2) a plurality of piezoelectric elements (4) is fixed. Further, a cover plate (7) is provided, which is in the form of a strip and provided in its longitudinal extension over the substantially arranged in a number of piezo elements. For contact by a user of a key surface (8) is formed with a predetermined width on each piezoelectric element on the strip-shaped cover plate. Specifically, the length dimension of each piezoelectric element is transverse to the strip-shaped cover plate is greater than the predetermined width of the strip-shaped cover plate.


When planning the power grid, it is necessary to obtain the optimal decision scheme according to the market behavior of different stakeholders. In this paper, the virtual game player "nature" is introduced to realize the deep integration of game theory and robust optimization, and a source network load collaborative planning method considering uncertainty and multi-agent game is proposed. Firstly, the planning decision-making models of different stakeholders of DG investment operators, power grid investment operators and power users are constructed respectively; then, the static game behavior between distributed generation (DG) investment operators and power grid investment operators is analyzed according to the transmission relationship of the three; at the same time, robust optimization is used to deal with DG. In this paper, we introduce the virtual game player "nature" to study the dynamic game behavior between the virtual game player and the power grid investment operator. On this basis, the dynamic static joint game planning model is proposed.


The present invention discloses an integrated modular housing, the modular integrated housing floor, ring beams, wall panels, roof top ring beam and releasably secured to each other together, and provided with a booster at the bottom of the ring beam and raising the height of its height adjustable stand, on a conductive wall is provided with a communication chamber, an outer structure of the power supply apparatus connected to the power supply and electrical equipment, such that the present invention integrated modular housing having a removable reusable, water seepage , wind power and easy to implement good effect.


Recently, the flowing concrete is used partially in our
 country, but a study on field application about selection
 of superplasticizer and flowing method are insufficient.
Therefore, in the part 1 of this study, the flowing effects
 according to superplasticizer kinds, and the properties of
 fresh and hardened state according to passing time is analyzed.
In test results, compared with superplasticizer kinds, a system
of melamine is better than that of naphthalene.


A facile solvothermal solution has been introduced to hybridize pre-sintered LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2 (LMNC) nanocrystals and ethylene glycol reduced graphene oxide (EGRGO) nanosheets. Compared with the liquid-based growth of metallic oxide on graphene sheets, this approach not only ensures a high crystallinity of the LMNC particles from pre-sintering, but also realizes the intimate coupling of RGO with LMNC via covalent metal–oxygen bonds. The as-prepared EGRGO/LMNC nanocomposites have been characterized and confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The fabricated EGRGO/LMNC composite electrodes have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results reveal the markedly improved reversibility of the EGRGO/LMNC cathode toward lithium ion intercalation/extraction, which results in a large discharge capacity, high coulombic efficiency, and excellent rate performance. The elevated electrochemical capability of the EGRGO/LMNC cathode material is accounted for the better electrical conduction of the EGRGO nanosheets, highly stable crystal structure of the pre-sintered LMNC particles, and firm construction of the EGRGO/LMNC composite due to solvothermal hybridization.


Tetrodon cutcutia (Puffer fish) ,which belongs to the order Tetrodontiformes, is found to be poisonous, if consumed (1) . Tetrodotoxin (TTX) a neurotoxin, present in the liver, ovary, skin and other viscera including the intestine of puffer fish is the main cause of poisoning. In human, this neurotoxin blocks the sodium channel in the excitable cell membrane and causes deadening of the tongue and lips, dizziness, and vomiting followed by numbness and pricking over the body, rapid heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and muscle paralysis (3) . The level of TTX in different species as well as different organs varies in different seasons.


The aim of the study was to assess the dynamic changes in cytokines profile and their correlation to immunohistochemistry brain modifications after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in saline-treated ischemic rats compared to fish oil preconditioned rats. 30 Wistar male adult rats randomly divided into sham (n = 10), ischemic (n = 10), and fish oil (FO) (n = 10) groups underwent tMCAO using a silicone monofilament technique with a minimum invasive procedure. Blood was withdrawn at 6 hrs and 24 hrs after reperfusion, and ischemia was verified 24 hrs after reperfusion by MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) acquisition. Neurological assessment was performed using a five-point scale. Five cytokines (TNF-alfa, IL6, TIMP-1, MCP-1, and VEGF) were simultaneously analysed using the multiplex immunoassay based on xMAP (multianalyte profiling) technology. Plasma concentration of TIMP-1 was higher in ischemic and FO group compared to sham, 6 hrs after reperfusion; in the ischemic group, the concentration of TIMP-1 raised significantly at 24 hrs (37.28 ± 4.85 pg/mL) compared to FO group (14.11 ± 1.79 ng/mL), p < 0.0001. Plasma MCP-1 concentration did not differ between sham (0.69 ± 0.18 pg/mL) and FO group (0.798 ± 0.060 pg/mL), while in the ischemic group level was significantly higher (1.627 ± 0.19 pg/mL), p = 0.0001. Whilst in the ischemic group, concentrations were elevated at both points of measurement, in the FO group the level significantly decreased after 24 hrs (p = 0.0005). Omega 3 PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid) decreased plasma MCP-1 level, a key cytokine involved in the inflammatory cell migration. Additionally, in Omega 3 preconditioned group, TIMP-1 expression was lower, probably due to a lower activation of matrix metalloproteinases.


Based on RS??GIS technique and landscape ecology methods,the mountaionous landscape at different physignomy areas in Xigu district of Lanzhou city was analyzed by changing of quantity character,the result shows that the landscape diversity and the landscape fragmentation increase at first,then reduce along with increasing of altitude,but the landscape dominance is reverse,the landscapes which are used sufficiently have bigger landscape convergence in valley-basin,but the condition is reverse in mountaionous area.The simulative result by fractal model shows that the nature landscapes influenced lower by humankind have more complexity than man-power landscapes,the stability is reverse,the complexity of human landscapes is greater in mountainous area than in valley-basin,the complexity of nature landscapes in valley-basin is greater than man-power landscapes.So we can conclude that:(1)the mosaic structure of the landscape of a mountainous area is a compound ecosystem effected by lots of factors together;(2)the mosaic structure of the landscape at low altitude has been influenced mainly by human being activities,at high altitude it has been influenced mainly by natureal factors;(3)human being have influenced nature ecosystem by changing stability of the mosaic structure of the landscape.


The aim of present investigation was to know the differential impact of level of B 12 and stages of development on mental health among people having vitamin B12 deficiency. Sample of 60 people with vitamin B12 deficiency were taken from laboratory and hospital of Bhavnagar city, Gujarat. Data were collected with the help of mental health scale made by Dr. A. K. Shreevastav and Dr. Jagdish (1982) and translated in to Gujarati by Bhavana K. Thummar (2009) collected data were statistically analysed with the help of ANOVA. The result showed significance mean difference between the


The universalization of the right to social security for rural producers and rural workers is a recent victory for Brazilian society. The implementation of this benefit began in the early 1990s. This article aimed to analyze the effects of rural social security on the lifestyle of families with retirees. The research was conducted in two small municipalities with agricultural economies from Zona da Mata Mineira region. The research used cross-sectional data collection procedures by applying a survey with open and closed-ended questions about consumption and living. The research sample was representative of the study population, comprising 117 rural elderly people, 64 from Piranga City and 53 from Sao Miguel do Anta City. Data obtained were categorized, analyzed and tested using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The survey results highlighted routine behavior and a predisposition to act based on a long term planning system, supported by the certainty of receiving the pension. Planned and long-term investments became a reality, including home improvement projects and acquisition of durable goods. Concerns about immediate family maintenance gave way to a perspective based on future planning.


Solid solubilities progressively decrease in the systems CaS-MnS, CaSe-MnSe, and CaTe-MnTe. In CaS-MnS, full solid miscibility extends from 1150° to 1500°C, the liquidus minimum. With CaSe-MnSe, this range is 1070° to 1340°C. The solid miscibility gap between CaTe and cubic MnTe intercepts the liquidus as a eutectic at 1050°C. The solid solutions follow Vegard's law closely.


The utility model relates to an auxiliary landing actuator cylinder which mainly comprises: a push rod piston, a cylindrical shell, a positioning convex bench fixedly connected in the push rod piston, a spindle threadedly connected to a bottom wall of the cylindrical shell, a damping bench arranged at a lower end of the inner of the push rod piston, and a damping hole arranged in the middle of the damping bench; wherein an outer wall of the push rod piston between a low pressure air chamber and a high pressure air chamber is provided with a gas filling device, the gas filling device is respectively connected with the low pressure air chamber and the high pressure air chamber through two gas filling pipes, and two one-way valves are respectively arranged in the two gas filling pipes. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that: the double air chambers are arranged at an upper part of a buffer simultaneously, thus when the buffer is affected by an external pressure, a counterforce generated by the buffer is increasing, the pressure transmission is faster, and damping effect is more outstanding; in addition, both of the double air chambers are arranged in the push rod piston, thus a gas filling hole device can be simplified, and the operation on the high or low pressure air chamber can be more convenient and easy.


Automatic target generation process (ATGP) has been widely used for unsupervised hyperspectral target detection. It implements a succession of orthogonal subspace projections (OSPs) to extract targets of interest without prior knowledge. This paper extends ATGP to a kernel version of ATGP, called kernel ATGP (KATGP) to further deal with linear non-separation problem. It introduces nonlinear kernels to map original data space into a higher dimensional feature space so that ATGP can effectively find.


Abstract Phase effect on the modal interaction of flow instabilities is investigated for laminar-to-turbulent transition in a flat-plate boundary-layer flow. Primary and secondary three-dimensional (3-D) oblique waves at various initial phase differences between these two instability modes. Three numerical methods are used for a systematic approach for the entire transition process, i.e. before the onset of transition well into fully turbulent flow. Floquet analysis predicts the subharmonic resonance where a subharmonic mode locally resonates for a given basic flow composed of the steady laminar flow and the fundamental mode. Because Floquet analysis is limited to the resonating subharmonic mode, nonlinear parabolised stability equation analysis (PSE) is conducted with various phase shifts of the subharmonic mode with respect to the given fundamental mode. The application of PSE offers insights on the modal interaction affected by the phase difference up to the weakly nonlinear stage of transition. Large-eddy simulation (LES) is conducted for a complete transition to turbulent boundary layer because PSE becomes prohibitively expensive in the late nonlinear stage of transition. The modulation of the subharmonic resonance with the initial phase difference leads to a significant delay in the transition location up to $\Delta Re_{x, tr} \simeq 4\times 10^5$ as predicted by the current LES. Effects of the initial phase difference on the spatial evolution of the modal shape of the subharmonic mode are further investigated. The mechanism of the phase evolution is discussed, based on current numerical results and relevant literature data.


With the fast development of technologies of alternative energy, the electric power network can be composed of several renewable energy resources. Time of use (TOU) pricing creates more energyefficient and renewable-energy-friendly grid. It is possible to better utilize the energy production by incorporating an energy storage device (ESD). GA algorithm is used for creating dispatching schedules for customer-owned renewable energy systems coupled with energy storage. Genetic algorithms are adaptive search methods that simulate some of the natural processes: selection, information, inheritance, random mutation and population dynamics. Adding energy storage along with this algorithm to renewable generators would increase the rate of return for the owner of the system and help the utility to reduce peak load. In the next step PSO algorithm can be used and will compare the results.


Development of imaging, sensing, and characterization of cells at Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS) of Academia Sinica in Taiwan is progressing rapidly. The research on advanced lattice light sheet microscopy for temporal visualization of cells in three dimensions at sub-cellular resolution shows novel imaging results. Label-free observation on filopodial dynamics provides a convenient assay on cancer cell motility. The newly-developed software enables us to track the movement of two types of particles through different channels and reconstruct the co-localized tracks. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for detecting urinary microRNA for diagnosis of acute kidney injury demonstrates excellent sensitivity. A fully automated and integrated portable reader was constructed as a home-based surveillance system for post-operation hepatocellular carcinoma. New microfluidic cell culture devices for fast and accurate characterizations prove various diagnosis capabilities.


Human resources are a determining factor in ensuring business prosperity. Skilled, educated and motivated employees are a source of competitive advantage for businesses and they are an active part of the business. They secure the production of goods, the provision of services, the fulfillment of objectives and the definition of strategies, how to achieve these goals. Recruiting and selecting of qualified employees is a challenging process at the time of globalization. It is particularly important for candidates to have a combination of soft skills, technical and digital know-how. The company has to deal with the issue of occupation of jobs by suitable employees and at the same time the conditions have to be created in order to maintain and stabilize employees. They must constantly strive to maintain, respectively increasing employee satisfaction. The paper deals with the issue of recruitment and selection of employees as part of the personnel policy of the company, based on the knowledge that the inefficient process of filling vacancies can negatively affect the course of other personnel activities, but also the operation of the whole company and its profitability. The paper includes an analysis of the process of filling jobs in the company. In the paper an expert interview and survey is carried out, based on which effective approaches in recruiting and selecting employees in the selected enterprise are proposed.


Some rhizosphere bacteria can stimulate the plant growth through various direct or indirect methods. We isolated some rhizobacteria producing a high amount of phytohormone, indole acetic acid (IAA) and indole butyric acid (IBA) from the rhizosphere of several crops, and examined their growth promoting capability on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Isolated strains SW5, JJ3 and E were identified as Acinetobacter guillouiae, Klebsiella variicola, Enterobacter aerogenes by 16S rDNA sequencing, and they produced 13.4, 1.2, and 1.4 ㎎ protein -1 of IAA and 7.4, 1.8, and 0.8 ㎎ IBA mg protein -1 of IBA, respectively. In the microcosm test for the growth promotion of tomato by the rhizobacterial isolates of 10? cells g -1 soil, strains E, JJ3 and SW5 increased the shoot length and fresh weight of tomato plant by 79, 41 and 17% and 113, 54 and 205%, respectively compared to those of the uninoculated control during 23 days. The root length of tomato plant increased by 220 and 70% by strains E and SW5, respectively. After the microcosm test, the whole tomato plant was harvested and the endogenous IAA was quantified by HPLC. The concentrations of endogenous IAA in the tomato plants treated with strains E, JJ3 and SW5 increased by 46, 79 and 14%, respectively compared to the uninoculated control, and this result supports the stimulation of tomato growth by application of these rhizobacterial isolates.


Purpose Analyze the various methods for determining the monitor doses in neutron therapy using the U-120 cyclotron and to choose the monitoring method that provides the highest accuracy in dose delivery to the tumor.
Material and methods The distributions of the absorbed dose of the therapeutic beam from the U-120 cyclotron were measured in a tissue-equivalent medium using the differential method, in which two ionization chambers with different sensitivity to neutron radiation were used. A comparison of radiation effects on tissues using various techniques of determining the monitor doses was made. The linear-quadratic model was used to assess responses to ionizing radiation.
Results Dosimetry studies revealed that the therapeutic beam of the U-120 cyclotron contains concomitant gamma radiation, the contribution of which to the total neutron-photon dose increases with increasing depth of the irradiated medium. The presence of gamma radiation in the neutron beam dictate the need to find the correct method for monitoring neutron therapy. A comparison of radiation effects on the tumor tissue using different techniques of determining the monitor doses was made. It was found that at equal neutron-photon doses, the neutron dose in the tumor changed depending on its depth. It can lead to an incorrect conclusion about the effectiveness of neutron therapy depending on a single dose as well as in relation to various dose fractionation schedules.
 Conclusion The analysis of the results obtained showed that the problem can be most accurately solved using a technique in which the monitor coefficient and monitor doses are determined from the distribution of the neutron dose, taking into account the contribution of the gamma radiation dose to the total neutron-photon dose.


High voltage circuit breakers (CBs) are vital components for power system function. This paper proposes a new approach for identifying CB contact failure. Dynamic contact resistance measurement (DRM) is known as an effective technique for assessing the condition of CBs main and arc contacts. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to provide the most valuable information lidded in dynamic resistance signal. Experimental data are collected through DRM tests on three similar electrical contacts. Using PCA method, in the next step RBF neural network is employed to classify the contact condition. It is believed that extracting dynamic resistance valuable data using PCA method can be used as an effective diagnostic tool in condition assessment of CBs electrical contact.


An important decision in track design and maintenance is how thick the ballast layer should be under the ties. This article looks at such factors as ballast-layer thickness, granular-layer thickness, ballast drainage, ballast cleaning and renewal.


The present invention relates to a wireless network and one cellular increasing traffic carrying capacity in a cellular network. Working spectrum cellular network in such a manner divided, i.e. in each honeycomb unit (BTS1-4) generally simultaneously using conventional frequency (A, C, F, I) and overweight frequency (S1, S2, S3, S4). Conventional frequency using conventional frequency reuse pattern to provide seamless completely covered (coverage). It uses a very tight frequency reuse pattern overweight frequency, to provide additional capacity (support). In call setup phase and the subsequent call, the cellular network through a handover procedure to control the flow rate into normal and overweight frequency. Cellular networks are each a call in progress continuously monitors the downlink co-channel interference in the honeycomb unit per an overweight with frequency. When the co-channel interference values overweight frequency sufficiently good, the call is handed over from a regular frequency to overweight frequency (HO


Background Patient safety is an important aspect of quality of care. Physicians' alignment with hospitals by means of financial integration may possibly help hospitals achieve their quality goals. Most research examines the effects of financial integration on financial performance. There is a need to understand whether financial integration has an effect on quality and safety. Purpose The aim of this study is to examine the association between hospital physician financial integration (employment, joint ventures, and ownership) and Adverse Incident Rate. Methodology: A longitudinal panel study design was used. A random effects model with hospital, year, and state effects was used. Our sample contained 3,528 hospitals observations within U.S. from 2013–2015. Findings Contrary to our hypotheses, hospital physician financial integration does not influence AIR. Besides financial integration, hospitals need to have a high commitment towards quality and safety to influence a lower AIR.


Satellite observation is one of powerful tools to diagnose the condition of the Earth. Recent progress in observation technique from the space makes it possible to detect different "faces" of the Earth surface. In this article, we demonstrate several results and review recent investigations of which related on landatmosphere interactive phenomena. In addition, we point out difficulties to detect by space-borne sensors, and also document the perspective directions to overcome such difficulties.


We study buyer-optimal information structures under monopoly pricing. The information structure determines how well the buyer learns his valuation and affects, via the induced distribution of posterior valuations, the price charged by the seller. Motivated by the regulation of product information, we assume that the seller can disclose more if the learning is imperfect. Robust information structures prevent such disclosure, which is a constraint in the design problem. Our main result identifies a two-parameter class of information structures that implements every implementable buyer payoff. An upper bound on the buyer payoff where the social surplus is maximized and the seller obtains just her perfect-information payoff is attainable with some, but not all priors. When this bound is not attainable, optimal information structures can result in an inefficient allocation.


List of Tables - Preface - List of Abbreviations - Regional Integration in Historical Perspective - The New Regionalism vs Globalisation? - Africa: SADCC, SACU and ECOWAS - Asia: ASEAN and SAARC - Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum (APEC) - The Americas: NAFTA and MERCOSUR - Europe: European Union and Eastern Europe - The Future of Regional Blocs - Bibliography - Index


A new electroactive polynuclear inorganic compound of rare earth metal hexacyanoferrate,gadolinium hexacyanoferrate(GdCHF),was prepared by electrochemically deposition on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode with a potential cycling procedure.The result of SEM indicated that the GdHCF was in the form of particles adhered on the surface of electrode.There were two different shapes and sizes of GdHCF forming on the surface of electrode.FTIR spectrum of GdHCF showed a very strong and sharp peak,which located at 2062.5 cm~(-1) and corresponded to the stretching vibration of the C≡N group in the GdHCF.The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that the GdHCF/GC electrode exhibited two pairs of redox peaks with the formal potential of E~(0')(I) = 192.5 mV and E~(0')(II) = 338.5 mV,respectively.The effect of the different supporting electrolyte on the electrochemical characteristics of GdHCF was studied and the results showed that GdHCF had an ability of prior to select Na~(+) ion.


Background: Neurosurgeons may find difficulties in differentiation between progressive and compensated hydrocephalus since signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure can be subtle or completely absent in children with progressive hydrocephalus. The CBF and ADC values can help to differentiate between compensated and progressive hydrocephalus thus facilitating the decision to withhold CSF diversion in an infant with a compensated hydrocephalus. Material and Methods: This prospective study included (40 participants) 10 control (5 males and 5 females) and 30 patients (18 males and 12 females). Patients were divided according to their clinical presentation into two groups, suspected to have Progressive Pressure Hydro cephalous (PPH) and Compensated Pressure hydro cephalous (CPH). All the patients underwent routine MRI brain, DWI (ADC) and MRA examinations. Results: In our study, we found that each patient has his own CBF as base line for follow-up in hydrocephalic children with mean ADC value (1,018) as a cut off value below which compensated pressure hydrocephalus is diagnosed and above which progressive pressure hydrocephalus is diagnosed. Conclusion: MRA is helpful as a complementary non invasive tool and each patient has his own CBF as base line for follow-up in hydrocephalic children due to great variations in the measured CBF with clear mean ADC cut off value for differentiation between compensated from progressive pressure and follow-up.


and variable" economic benefits from East-West trade. This bold approach surely deserves fuller treatment in another study. Hoffman avers that Eastern Europe has become an economic burden to the Soviet Union at a time when Moscow is faced with serious constraints affecting its energy production. Eastern Europe is living beyond its means as it is energy deficient (Poland is an exception) and yet anxious to modernize its economy rapidly by using Soviet resources. The emerging policy pattern is continued Soviet energy deliveries of considerable volume and closer Soviet-East European integration in regard to planning and economic development. Hoffman stresses that the stability of Eastern Europe is dependent on Soviet maintenance of the energy flow. In the Kremlin's calculations, therefore, political considerations supersede any hope for economic benefit. Hoffman draws many interesting parallels between the energy problems of western Europe and Eastern Europe, including the insecurity of dependence on an external supply. He maintains that both European blocs will remain energy dependent into the next century, creating long-term reliance on the Soviet Union and Middle Eastern states. Western Europe may be reducing its importation of Middle Eastern oil, but this reduction makes it even more reliant on Soviet deliveries of oil and natural gas. The European Energy Challenge transcends geographical bounds as it includes a deft examination of trade sanctions directed against the Soviet Union and a lengthy discussion of the Yamal pipeline policy debate. The subject of west European policy toward the Middle East (in light of changing oil import dependence) is not broached. These two studies of energy policy provide ample statistical data and thoughtful analysis. They are primarily oriented toward economic interpretation but include some useful political insights as well.


The coupled vibration characteristics of a typical two-stage compressor blade-disk system were simulated based on ANSYS software.The characteristics of the system modal were analyzed by using a finite element modeling method of two-stage blade-disk system,and compared with the single stage blade-disk system.The vibration characteristics of two-stage blade disk system were assessed by using strain energy theory.


Michelle Soledad is a doctoral student and graduate research assistant in the Department of Engineering Education at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Her research interests include faculty motivation and development towards supporting student success. Ms. Soledad has bachelor's and master's degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Ateneo de Davao University in Davao City, Philippines, where she continues to be a faculty member of the Electrical Engineering Department. She also served as Department Chair and was a member of the University Research Council before pursuing doctoral studies at Virginia Tech. Prior to joining the Ateneo de Davao University roster of faculty in 2008, Ms. Soledad was a Senior Team Lead for Accenture, where she worked on and managed systems maintenance and enhancement projects.


The effect of magnetizing time and magnetic field intensity on the viscosity of ultra-fine CWM were studied.The results indicate that,with time prolonging,the effect of magnetization on the viscosity of ultra-fine CWM basically trends to lower down at first and then raise up.Under the condition of 675mT magnetic field intensity and 10 minutes magnetizing time,the effect of magnetizing on the ultra-fine CWM compared with the ultra-fine CWM blank sample,the rheological behavior of ultra-fine CWM is improved.The magnetization mechanism is also discussed here.


Sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L.) cv. 1114 were used as test plants to investigate the combined toxicity effect of heavy metals present in soils collected from three different locations of a polluted area near a non-ferrous metal smelter. Soils were designated as highly contaminated, moderately contaminated and non-contaminated (control) based on the content analysis of soil samples. The photosynthetic performance was assessed by the changes in the functional activity of PS1 (photosystem 1) and PS2 (photosystem 2). Evidence for accelerated electron flow beyond the first qiunone acceptors in PS2 (QA) but not related with accelerated reduction of the first acceptor of light in PS1 (P700) is presented. The retarded rate of the slower (IDP) increase of the rapid phase of Kautsky effect (OIDP) as well as the lower level of QB-nonreducing PS2 reaction centers in HCS plants suggested an accelerated rate of electron flow in the PS2 acceptor side. The response of the antioxidant defense system included enhancement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant activity and content of flavonoids. Changes in thylakoid electron transport chain reactions accompanied with altered oxidative stress-related metabolic activity could be considered as a protective mechanism operating in conditions of combined heavy metal toxicity.


Piezoelectric transformers (PTs) reveal a promising potential to replace conventional transformers in driving circuits for switching power applications, e.g. high-side driver for IGBT or MOSFET switches. With the realized driver design it is possible to transfer - galvanically insulated - both energy and information with one single PT. Above all, adapted with resonant driver topologies PTs offer increased efficiencies.


Based on the traits of single type airborne weapons and the requirement to be close the actual combat,this paper establishs seven models:the model of air raid groups,the model of generation of route,the model of sequence number of air raid groups,the model of type,the model of mission,the model of formation number and the model of molestation.By means of appointed route,we carry out simulation experiment by computer,and the results show that this model gets ahead of other models and it will be a reference to develop ADF combat simulation system.


The study presents the major micro-regional characteristics of life expectancy at birth between 2005 and 2009 according to the classification in force at present. The spatial pattern of life expectancy at birth by gender was described with the help of global and local autocorrelation indicators. Due to the strong relation between the regional life expectancy of men and women, the applied non-spatial cluster analysis served as a more exact methodological frame for typology. The sole purpose of the study was to describe the spatial structure of life expectancy at birth with descriptive tools. Life expectancy at birth goes far beyond its demographic content. A number of researchers emphasize that life expectancy can be considered a stable imprint of social processes, and is – among macro-level indicators – the most important component of life quality (Sen 1998, Wilkinson 1992, Bobak and Marmot 1996, Mazumdar 2001, Dasgupta 2000). As opposed to other indicators of life quality and different composite indicators, which are often difficult to interpret, life expectancy in itself has an unambiguous content irrespective of spatial and temporal context. To live longer and to remain healthy as long as possible is one of the individual and collective aims that are naturally obvious for everybody. In Hungary, a large number of publications dealt with the topic of regional mortality (Daroczi 1997). Until the establishment of the structure of micro-regions, researches focused mainly on county-level analyses and the differences between the districts of the capital city (Daroczi 1997, Jozan and Forster 1999). Demographic and spatial epidemiological researches at a more nuanced regional scale gained ground owing to the establishment of the structure of micro-regions as well as to the more and more refined methodological tools. In the Hungarian scientific literature numerous micro-regional mortality analyses were prepared (Hablicsek 2004, Klinger 2003, 2006a, 2006b). The focus of the analyses of demographers was first of all on the compilation of regional mortality tables and the descriptive characterization of differences. Within the current framework, the emphasis is definitely put on spatiality. This study outlines the present differences in life expectancy with the help of spatial cross-sectional data. Data and method The micro-regional abridged mortality tables were calculated with the Chiang method separately for men and women (Chiang 1984). The detailed description of the method is well documented in numerous publications of the Hungarian scientific literature (Hablicsek 2003, Daroczi 2004). The abridged mortality tables <1, 1–4, 5–9, …, 90+ are built up from the data of age groups. The mortality and mid-year population data come from the DEMOgrafiai program of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office which creates tables. In the interest of authenticity, micro-regional life expectancies at birth contain the


Single crystal copper wire with diameter 8 mm produced by ohno continuous casting method were drawn into fine wires with diameter of 4 mm,2 mm and 1 mm by C733-4/ZF industry drawbench.The relation ship of deformation and texture were studied by X-ray diffraction technique(ODF analysis).The results showed that most deforming texture in single crystal copper wires is of 100 texture type,and a few of them is of 110 texture type.With the increase of deformation extent,the volume percentage of 100 texture type is reduced at first,and increased afterwards,but that of 110 texture type is increased at first and then is reduced.


The data of prospective epidemiological research in 20 years in conditions of one city has confirmed the conclusions made earlier about direct dependence of levels of children's orthopedic pathology from technagenic pollution of environment of growing child's organism. Results of research dictate necessity of preventive maintenance of these conditions at a level of the state decisions and cause necessity of development of algorithm of diagnostic and medical-rahabilitation actions.


Justice is not, and cannot be, totally blind. When one is a judge, one's back ground, experiences, and preferences cannot be, nor should be, ignored. It is the nature of a political system that background, experiences, and preferences matter in the selection of the judge even if the judicial office is not an elected position. However, we do not want a judge to remove the blindfold, which Spargo obviously did in soliciting money from attorneys appearing before him. Spargo 's impartiality could now be more than reasonably challenged. It is impossible to think the request for money was not an implied coercive threat to those appearing before him. However, for the other judges, until there is some action or behavior that actu ally concerns the matter before the court, it is difficult for any party to the matter to use the judge's past preferences or experiences as cause for removal. In those circum stances, the matter appears left to the discretion of each judge, and it appears that our system must trust that choice to each individual jurist. Thus, each judge must decide whether their preferences will impair impartiality, jsj


Unlike mid 1960s data 1988 data demonstrated that religious affiliation no longer determined fertility levels and expected family size in the US. Specifically adjustment of the 1988 data for ethnicity-race age and education revealed that there existed only 2 exceptions to religious group differences in expected family size-- higher level among Mormons (3.05) and lower level among those of no religious affiliation (1.83). On the other hand religious factors still did affect contraceptive use and patterns of sexual intercourse. For example Protestant women were more likely to have been sterilized than were Catholic women (p<.05). Further the levels of oral contraceptive (OC) and condom use were higher for Catholics than for Protestants (p<.01 and .05 respectively). Yet Hispanic Catholics were not likely to use OCs. In addition only White Catholics were more likely to use the condom not the Hispanic and Black Catholics. Other differences in contraceptive patterns also existed between the ethnicity-race groups of Catholics and Protestants. Both Mormons and Fundamentalist Protestants were more likely to practice sexual abstinence and not use any contraceptive method (p<.05) than other Protestants. Further Baptist and Fundamentalist Protestant women were more likely to have been sterilized than other Protestants (p<.05). In 1988 the contraceptive pattern of Jews consisted of high levels of diaphragm and condom use and low levels of OC use and female sterilization. The pattern of those with no religious affiliation included a combined high level of OC use diaphragm use and female sterilization. Higher rates of sexual abstinence among White Black and Hispanic Protestants and Catholics was related to regular church attendance. Further attendance affected Protestants only in the proportions having sexual intercourse however.


Aim: Since the emergence of the Block Withholding (BWH) attack, the prevailing approach in the environment has been to avoid attacking each other as a means of eliminating the threat posed by this attack. However, there is currently no effective and simple scheme to entirely prevent such attacks. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel blockchain model that combines the discount factor and withdrawal threshold to resist the risks associated with these attacks. Methods: This paper provides an overview of blockchain models and the BWH attack. We constructed a network simulation model based on the physical logic of Bitcoin and introduced the discount factor and withdrawal threshold as new parameters to enhance the model's resistance to BWH attacks. We evaluated the effect of these parameters on the model's ability to defend against BWH attacks from the perspective of rewards. Results: This paper presents a novel blockchain model that integrates discount factors and withdrawal thresholds and examines attacker behavior in this model from a rewards-based perspective by comparing different computational environments. Our experimental data indicate that this model has significant advantages in resisting BWH attacks. Conclusion: The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model is highly effective in resisting profit-driven BWH attacks, with a 98% chance of successfully resisting such attacks at a fixed computational power. This indicates that the proposed model can effectively eliminate the potential threat posed by BWH attacks.


ABSTRACT Quantitative mineralogical analysis of grain mounts results in either a number percentage or a number frequency. The number percentage is obtained when all the grains on the slide or all the grains in representative portions of the slide are counted. The number percentage is solely a function of the numerical abundance of the mineral grains in the slide. The number frequency is obtained when the grains on the slide which intersect the cross hairs along linear traverses are counted. The number frequency is a function of both the numerical abundance of the mineral grains and the grain size but is distinctly different from either number percentage or area percentage.


A new series of unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base ligand and its Cu(II), Ni(II) and VO(II) complexes were formed by the condensation of 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-1-napthaldehyde and 1, 3-diaminopropane-2-ol. The antimicrobial activity of the complexes were tested against four negative bacteria - Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, using nutrient agar as medium. The zones of inhibition of the synthesized compounds were compared with the free ligand and the standard streptomycin. All the complexes had higher activity than the free ligand and the standard. The structural assessment of the compounds was carried out based on the elemental analysis and infrared and molar conductivity values.


In primary astrocyte cultures β‐glucosidase (EC 18.104.22.168) and β‐galactosidase (EC 22.214.171.124) showed pH optima and Km values identical to rat brain enzymes, using methylumbelliferyl glycosides and labeled gluco‐and galactocerebrosides as substrates. The activities of both glycosidases increased in culture up to 3–4 weeks. In rat brain only galactosidase increased; glucosidase activity declined between 12–20 days after birth. The specific activities were two‐ to sixfold higher in astrocyte cultures than in rat brain. These activities were not due to uptake of enzymes from the growth medium. Secretion of β‐galactosidase, but not β‐glucosidase nor acid phosphatase could be demonstrated. These results support the suggestion of a degradative function for astrocytes in the brain.


: The simple model of grain and phase boundaries diffusion into polycrystalline solid system with micro grain dimensions is proposed. There are considered different types of diffusion regimes which are realized by definite correlations between volume and grain boundary diffusion lengths and average grain sizes.


Despite the importance and reputation of the current intrusion detection systems, their efficiency and effectiveness remain limited as they rely on passive defensive approaches. In fact, when an intrusion is detected by the IDS, it is already happened on the network and the time required to update security rules is usually short, which provide opportunity to the attacker to inflict damages that may paralyze the network. For this purpose we suggest a new approach of distributed intrusion detection system to wisely anticipate and predict intrusions before their first occurrence in the network to secure. Our approach is based on intelligent agents and using honeypot technology to gather a vast scope of information about attacks. Moreover it combines the two detection strategies "anomaly approach and misuse approach".


Introduction: Considering the high number of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and it being the type of cancer with the highest fatality rate among the children, this study seeks to determine the epidemiological description of the clinical and laboratory profiles of patients with ALL.Methods: This research used a descriptive study by using medical data record of patients with ALL. The research variables were gender, age, leukemia history of the patient's family, nutritional status, symptoms and signs, laboratory examination, ALL subtypes, risk factors, and result outcomes. All data presented descriptively.Results: From a total of 50 patients, 54 % of them were male aged 1,5 – 10 years old. 84% of the patients' family had no medical record related to leukemia. 42% of the patient malnutrition. Pale (78%), fever (64%), pain (32%), hepatomegaly (38%), lymphadenopathy (28%), splenomegaly (26%), patients with anemia (82%), leukocytosis (38%), thrombocytopenia (54%). The highest types were ALL–LI (68%), SR-ALL (54%), and remission outcome reached 82%.Conclusion: Insidence higher in male, aged 1,5 – 10 years old, malnourished at the start of the diagnosis. Most of the patients' family had no medical history of leukemia. Symptoms and medical signs mostly appeared were pale, fever, and bone/joint pain. The physical examination showed hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly and laboratory first test showed the patients had anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia.


Six semi-structured interviews were conducted using a questionnaire compiled by the researcher in conjunction with their supervisor and these were recorded on an Olympus digital recorder. The interviews were then transcribed verbatim into a Word document and the data was then entered into the Nvivo 10 software. Nodes were then extracted and analysed thematically. Six themes were derived from the resulting data and these constituted the findings of this research study. All data was stored on a password protected laptop.


【A $Fe(OH)_2$ suspension was prepared by mixing iron sulfate and a weak alkali ammonia solution. Following this, iron oxides were synthesized by passing pure oxygen through the suspension (oxidation). The effects of different reaction temperatures ( $30^{\circ}C$ , $50^{\circ}C$ , $70^{\circ}C$ ) and equivalent ratios ( $0.1{\sim}10.0$ ) on the formation of iron oxides were investigated. An equilibrium phase diagram was established by quantitative phase analysis of the iron oxides using the Rietveld method. The equilibrium phase diagram showed a large difference from the equilibrium phase diagram of Kiyama when the equivalent ratio was above 1, and single $Fe_3O_4$ phase only formed above an equivalent ratio 2 at all reaction temperatures. Kiyama synthesized iron oxide using iron sulfate and a strong alkali NaOH solution.】


One of the main weaknesses of the concept of alignment between business and information technology (IT) process and functions in enterprises is that it is abstract, difficult to actualize and harder to sustain. The misalignment between business and IT can be attributed to many factors. Two key factors that stand out are the knowledge and cultural gaps between these functions and the perception that business-IT alignment can only be achieved through a top-down process. Practical and tangible means to achieve the elusive alignment by addressing these key factors are therefore desirable towards enabling the effective development of enterprise software applications. This objective can be achieved by identifying a way to actualize and sustain BIA at a level stakeholders from both business and technology domains collaborate to achieve mutually shared goals. Collaboration between business and IT stakeholders is closest during software development project implementation. Effective communication during the requirements engineering stage of these projects offers an opportunity for business and IT to achieve and sustain alignment. However, if the implementation stage of the project is impeded by knowledge gaps and performed in an ad-hoc fashion it can lead to or aggravate misalignment. REFINTO is a requirements engineering framework and tool aimed at facilitating business-IT alignment (BIA) through a knowledge-driven, collaborative and iterative process. It empowers business and IT stakeholders with a knowledge repository that addresses terminology gaps, quickly manage the requirements engineering process in response to rapidly changing business demands, and reuse requirements and artifacts. REFINTO has been applied to support large-scale enterprise application development such as distributed and service oriented applications involving discovery and reusing of services at a top global investment bank.


ABSTRACT Environmental conditions and biological rhythms can affect the behavioural routines of animals. However, the effect of lunar phase on individual roosting behaviour remains uninvestigated in most species. Here, we monitored the effect of lunar phase, sunset time, temperature, humidity and the breeding chronology on the roosting patterns of the Edible-Nest Swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus) of the Andaman Islands, across breeding stages. Counts revealed that more than 98% of the population returned to the roosting caves during peak roosting hours, i.e. 1700–2000h. The proportion of birds roosting in caves was highest during the 'new moon' phase and when birds were at the nest-building and fledging stage of their breeding cycle. We confirmed that the variation in the roosting behaviour of the Edible-Nest Swiftlet is linked both to the stages in the breeding cycle and to the lunar phase. We hypothesise that the cause for the lunarphilic roosting pattern is an anti-predator strategy. Feeding habits and food requirements during different breeding stages are presumed to influence the roosting pattern of the species. An improved understanding of the association of the behaviour, physiology and the environmental conditions which influence these traits can only help us improve conservation outcomes for this economically important species.


Preface Chapter 1: Introduction: East Coast Universities Chapter 2: Amherst: "Village of Light" Chapter 3: The University of Massachusetts/Amherst: A Turbulent History Chapter 4: The 1960s: Assistant Professor: Poor but Flourishing Chapter 5: The 1970s: Associate Professor: Trouble in Paradise Chapter 6: The 1980s: Full Professor: Farther and Farther away from the University Chapter 7: An Endowed Chair: The Leonard J. Horwitz Professorship Chapter 8: Is There Life as Emeritus Prof? UMass and the Department in Decline and Freefall Chapter 9: Conclusion


For a map between smooth manifolds, the space of the connected components of its fibers is called the Stein factorization. In our previous paper, we showed that for generic smooth maps, the Stein factorizations are triangulable. As an application, we show that every connected component of a regular fiber is null-cobordant if the top dimensional homology of the Stein factorization vanishes.


Background Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe inflammatory obliterative cholangiopathy of infancy that requires early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention. In this study, we aimed to obtain comprehensive evidence on the diagnostic performance of liver stiffness measurement by ultrasound elastography in the detection of BA through a meta-analysis. Methods The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies that investigated the diagnostic performance of ultrasound elastography in the detection of BA up to January 10, 2022. In this study, in order to summarize the diagnostic performance of ultrasound elastography, the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) modeling was constructed. Heterogeneity was estimated with the I2 statistic. Multiple subgroup analyses were also performed. Results Fourteen studies from eleven articles, including 774 BA patients, 850 non-BA patients, and 173 controls were included in the present meta-analysis. The summary sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound elastography for liver stiffness were 85% [95% confidence interval (CI): 79–89%] and 82% (95% CI: 73–88%) with the I2 value of 82.90 and 84.33%, respectively. The area under the SROC curve (AUROC) using ultrasound elastography for diagnosing BA was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87–0.92). In addition, a subgroup analysis of 9 two-dimensional shear wave elastography studies was also performed. Subgroup analysis revealed that the summary sensitivity and specificity were 85% (95% CI: 77–91%) and 79% (95% CI: 71–86%), respectively, and the summary AUROC was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86–0.92). Conclusions Ultrasound elastography exhibits good diagnostic accuracy for BA and can be served as a non-invasive tool to facilitate the differential diagnosis of BA.


Comparing compensatory system of German land expropriation to China,there were many differences,such as the principle of whole compensatory was adopted in Germany,compensatory standard was based on market price,scope of compensation includes indirect loss,and means of compensation also includes a land in another area.Study on compensatory system of German land expropriation will help to improve the system of our county.


1189, non-pathological dried crania from north and south Indian were studied. The incidence of parietal foramen was highest in south Indian male(113.9%) and female(112.2%) crania. While incidence of parietal foramen in North India (104%) and female(90.46%) crania. Moreover measurement was taken from parietal foramen to bregma by measuring tape. The mean value of south Indian male crania was 91.42cms ±0.23(SD = 2.02) and female mean value was 86.50cm ±0.27 (SD = 1.68) with highly significant P value (P<0.050 similarly mean value of north Indaian male crania was 89.85cms ±0.6 (SD=1.88) and mean value of female crania was 87.12 cms ±0.23 (SD=1.90) with highly significant P value (P < 0.01). the logistic regress ion equation for classification of sexual dimorphism of north Indian crania was 70.8% and south Indian crania was 66.5%. while, in the regional classification of male crania of North and South India was 69.9% and female crania of north and south India was 66.4%


This work presents a summary of the state of knowledge in the topic of foam asphalts. As part of this work, some national and international standards and specifications related to the use of this material were reviewed and compared. Due to the fact that this is a relatively novel technique, the evolution in the use of this product in the country was explored, and it was found that its use and the research works conducted on this area are very limited. In particular, the use of this material as part of the stabilization of granular layers that has been conducted in Campo Rubiales was described and analyzed. The information presented in this study aims to create interest on this topic with the purpose of expanding its responsible use as part of, for example, road segments that do not have acceptable asphalt courses.


A skid mounted test facility has been built for determining conditions at which CO/sub 2/ flashes from geothermal brines. The system has been checked and operated at one geothermal plant. It performed as designed. The equipment is designed to operate at temperatures and pressures typical of wells near Heber, California. (Nominally 180/sup 0/C and 300 to 500 psig). It has heat exchangers which can cool the brine to less than 70/sup 0/C. (The cooling water is recirculated after being cooled by a forced air heat exchanger). Breakout pressures can be determined for any temperature between 70/sup 0/C and wellhead temperature. An adjustable orifice provides final control on pressure required to initiate flashing. The orifice is at the bottom of a sight glass. A light beam shines through the sight glass and focuses on a photoelectric cell. The presence of bubbles scatters light and decreases the output of the cell. Results using the cell were more reproducible than those using the naked eye. Results from one test show a smooth curve over the temperature range 75/sup 0/C to 165/sup 0/C. Agreement between the experimental values and calculated ones is discussed.


Comprehensive urban development varies from place to place according to the different natural environment, unplanned urban development on coastal cities led to an urban disruption and random possession of lands, Burj Al-Burullus is a coastal city with high environmental sensitivity and has many environmental, social, and cultural systems that qualify it to be a development area with a distinct character. The challenges of urban development represent the biggest challenge to development in the region. Despite the presence of many development plans in the region, there is no clear methodology that considers the resources and the distinct potentials of these areas to make use of them in solving the problems that hinder development. The research presents an attempt to reach a mechanism through which sustainable urban development can be achieved in all economic, social, and demographic aspects. In addition, it contributes to formulating a vision and developing a strategy to achieve sustainable urban development, with the participation of economic institutions in a way that stimulates these institutions to invest. The research studies and evaluates the current reality of Burj Al-Burullus city using GIS in terms of the characteristics and activities of the city and explores its developmental reality. The research attempts to find appropriate urban solutions to overcome these urban challenges and develop plans to be used as a link between the challenges and development results and to be followed in the development of the region and similar areas.


The present invention, fibrocartilage plate securely connected between spinal vertebrae, or configured to become a substitute for the end of the spine, to the intervertebral disc prosthesis. The present invention, the stability of such prostheses, provided with a translational or rotational stopper to the nucleus 2, or causes the angle correction between the plates 1 and 3 of the prosthesis in contact with the vertebral it, or by increasing the combination of these features work. Such stopper by the outer parts 6 and 20 of the core, and obtained using the perpendicular contact surface with the contact direction of these portions. Such stopper allows the strengthening of such angle correction caused greater stability, as well as the angle A3 between the load surface 21, 23 of the core.


In the recent urban era, health inequity is a major challenge faced by planners and policy makers. With the increasing trend of people moving to urban zones and areas in the search of better stature of life and job opportunities, increased pressure and load on the already fragile urban infrastructure is visible resulting in social, cultural and economic inequities. Whereas health inequities are a major consequence of socio-cultural and economic inequalities in our society resulting in poor health services and amenities to the economically week, racial, ethnic and religious minorities and migrants. This paper mainly focuses on the inclusion of the planned urban spaces with the heath inequity problems such that the socially excluded and weaker section of the society thrive harmoniously. We suggest that an integrated approach in defining and developing urban spaces and areas with proper actions to deal with health inequity can magnify other steps and policies to deal with the health inequity present in our society and which is the need of the 21st century. We close with the suggestions to improve research and development in the field of environmental conditions, changing patterns in the urban environment and health inequity in the modern-day society to cope up with the problem of security that must be available to all. These practices may include urban slum upgradation and rejuvenation, participatory and integrated public approach, epidemic control and urban ecosystem services of health. We conclude that if the national and international communities and agencies are serious about the SDGs, stronger efforts and actions should be taken to improve the urban spaces, living conditions, socio-economic conditions which can promote health equity to all.


Abstract : The ferrous sulfate/sodium sulfide (FS/SS) process is a treatment technology for the reduction of hexavalent chromium and precipitation of heavy metals in industrial wastewater treatment plants (IWTPs). When the ferrous ion, as ferrous sulfate, is mixed with sulfide, the hexavalent chromium is rapidly reduced to its trivalent state at a neutral pH and then precipitated. FS/SS technology can be used to replace the current hydroxide treatment chemistry. This report presents the results and lessons learned from full-scale implementation of FS/SS. The FS/SS treatment process reduced the volume of sludge generated by 20 to 30 percent, reduced the amount of treatment chemicals, and resulted in over $35,000 annual savings. Furthermore, metal sulfides tend to be two to three orders of magnitude less soluble than their corresponding metal hydroxides. This gives cleaner effluent, which helps the facility meet environmental requirements. Further benefits include the removal from the shop area of the high pressure sulfur dioxide cylinder (used in the hydroxide process), a faster and more reliable chrome reduction method, neutral pH operation that extends tank and equipment life, and less acid and caustic chemicals stored on the shop floor. As Navy activities do more with less, the FS/SS process can help meet increasingly stringent standards.


For two of the insulating housing regions disposed and configured symmetrically relative to the center plane (S) (9, 10) constitute a vacuum switch tube having a housing, two insulating housing (9, 10) each equipped with a plurality of insulating housing portion (11, 12), and shield element (18,19,20,21,22,23 extending to the inside of the vacuum switch tube, 24, 25) is disposed between the insulating casing adjacent, and the insulating casing and the additional adjacent casing (6,8,17), the shield element is improved dielectric properties They have, have a material saving structure at the same time. According to the present invention, the geometrical dimensions of the shield elements (18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25) comprises: a voltage connected to the critical field strength possible between adjacent shield It is determined in accordance with.


The famous old proverb, "Raising a daughter is like watering a flower in neighbour's garden" stands very true even in this modern era. The term gender preference or sexual preference is used to describe the desire of biological parents for either a male or female child and-in the extreme-use a range of odious methods (e.g., infanticide and sex-selective abortions) to achieve that result.


BACKGROUND
Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) is a complex, multi-system neurological condition. The defining feature of ME is post-exertional malaise (PEM) with over 30 symptoms triggered by physical, cognitive, emotional and social activity. The cause of PEM is unclear but one area of research using cardio-pulmonary exercise tests show a reduced ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) with repeated tests leading to PEM. Pacing with heart rate monitoring (HRM) provides feedback to maintain activity intensity below the VAT. There is only one piece of research investigating the use of HRM although a number of guidelines recommend it.

OBJECTIVE
To identify the experiences and attitudes of people with ME towards HRM.

METHODS
A 40 question online survey was devised and released on ME websites, Twitter and Facebook pages. People with ME read the information sheet and followed an online link to the survey. The survey was open for three weeks and all answers were anonymous.

RESULTS
488 people with ME completed the survey. Most participants were female, 35-50 years and with a reported illness of greater than 5 years. Over 100 types of HR monitor used. Over 30 benefits and over 30 negatives identified. HRM reduced severity of ME and severity and duration of PEM.

CONCLUSION
Although there are limitations, HRM has many benefits including helping PwME to understand and manage their PEM and support them to increase their activities, including work. There is a need for more research and education of healthcare professionals in the safe use of HRM.


the wound. The mesocolon is now torn or cut through to reach the posterior wall of the stomach over an area some two inches in diameter ; through this the stomach is drawn out beyond the wound. One can now, if it is considered desirable, shut off the cavity of the lesser peritoneum, which has thus been opened into, by stitching the lorn edge of the mesentery to the stomach, or this can be disregarded. The jejunum is


Islanding detection is an essential function of distributed grid-connected power generation systems, as the islanding occurrence is unpredictable and very harmful. The voltage and frequency of the constant-power controlled grid-connected inverter working in the islanding state has been studied. The none detection zone (NDZ) is calculated when the output of the inverter has reactive power. Then, intermittent bilateral reactive power variation anti-islanding strategy was proposed. The conditions to eliminate NDZ are presented and the variation parameters are designed. Finally, experiments results indicate that the proposed method could meet requirement and has little influence on power factor.


The current study aims to investigate how Chinese learners of English can construct or access conventional metaphorical meanings of lexical items when they read metaphorical expressions in a realtime setting. Acquisition of conventional metaphorical expressions in a second language has been only recently under systematic investigation in second language acquisition, despite the fact that the importance of metaphorical and other figurative expressions in second language pedagogy has been emphasized for decades. Here, "conventional metaphorical expressions" are defined loosely based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory by Lakoff and Johnson (1980), the classical definition in lexical semantics (e.g. Sweetser, 1990) and the Metaphor Identification Paradigm (MIP) further developed by the Pragglejaz Group (2007), the conventional metaphorical meaning of a lexical item being the core of this definition. A conventional metaphorical meaning of a lexical item clearly departs from the literal, core meaning of that word, but nevertheless shows a close link of concepts. A metaphorical expression is therefore defined as a grammatical multi-word phrasal structure (such as a grammatically complete VP, NP or AdjP, etc.), in which one and only one of the lexical items should be interpreted as a conventionalized metaphorical meaning to make the phrase meaningful. For instance, the meaning of "attack" in "attack Mary with a stick", is "to use violence to try to hurt or kill somebody" (Wehmeier, 2000: 66), and it clearly involves physical contact and conflict, thus concrete and literal. The meaning of "attack" in "attack Mary's proposal", on the other hand, is defined as "to criticise somebody or something severely" (Wehmeier, 2000: 66), which does not involve any real physical conflict, therefore abstract and metaphorical. "Attack Mary's proposal" makes a good representative of metaphorical expressions discussed in this paper. A metaphorical expression can be seen as a semi-fixed structure. For example, expressions like "attack the proposal", "attack the argument" and "attack the idea" can be combined together as one semifixed metaphorical expression [attack [NP]], while a possible NP should fall into the semantic domain of "ideas and thoughts" in order to trigger the intended metaphorical meaning of "attack." Since the metaphorical meaning of a lexical item is essentially triggered by the collocation of that lexical item, words that (1) fall into the semantic domain of required collocation and (2) can form valid expressions can all be filled into the blank part of the semi-fixed structure. The metaphorical expressions used in the experiment, as provided in the appendix, are specific realisation of different semi-fixed structures that trigger the conventional metaphorical meanings of lexical items, and learners are asked to read these specific realisations to understand the conventional metaphorical meanings. Two possible routes are hypothesized for the "meaning-making" process of a figurative expression, both for native speakers and second language learners. In a broader sense, the meaning of a multi-word figurative expression can be either constructed or accessed. "Constructing" refers to a more complicated process of meaning-making, involving searching, selecting and adjusting the meanings of individual constituents of a figurative expression. "Accessing" refers to a more direct process, which means that a figurative meaning is readily available and a reader can ascertain the meaning without complicated selection, activation and possibly inhibition of incorrect meanings. The literal-first hypothesis, following


This work shows that the stochastic generalization of the quantum hydrodynamic analogy (QHA) has its corresponding stochastic Schrodinger equation (SSE) as similarly happens for the deterministic limit. The SSE owns an imaginary random noise that has a finite correlation distance, so that when the physical length of the problem is much smaller than it, the SSE converges to the standard Schrodinger equation comprehending it. The model shows that in non-linear (weakly bounded) systems, the term responsible of the non-local interaction in the SSE may have a finite range of efficacy maintaining its non-local effect on a finite distance. A non-linear SSE that describes the related large-scale classical dynamics is derived. The work also shows that at the edge between the quantum and the classical regime the SSE can lead to the semi-empirical Gross-Pitaevskii equation.


It is shown that the heat kernel operator for the Laplace operator on any covariantly constant curved background, i.e., in symmetric spaces, may be presented in the form of an averaging over the Lie group of isometries with some nontrivial measure. Using this representation, the heat kernel diagonal, i.e., the heat kernel in coinciding points is obtained. Related topics concerning the structure of symmetric spaces and the calculation of the effective action are discussed.


Bifurcation control refers to the task of designing a controller to modify the bifurcation properties of a given nonlinear system, thereby achieving some desirable dynamical behaviors. This paper deals with the controlling of bifurcations in an overlapping generation (OLG) economy with pay-as-you- go (PAYG) pension schemes. A brief overview is given of the basic OLG model with very complicated dynamics, such as bifurcations. By employing the washout filter controller, the complicated motions stem from the system can be controlled without changing the original properties. Finally, we show the effectiveness and feasibility of the developed methods in an OLG model with explicit functions.


Screening of twenty rice varieties with sub1 gene was performed to check their resistance under submergence conditions.
This experiment involved growing of rice germ plasms sown in small pots filled with Irish Peat Moss. These pots were placed in
incubator for germination. After ten days these pots were submerged in water tank to check their submergence resistance. Three
varieties showed good tolerance against submergence as they grew less in length and seventeen varieties gave poor result as they
grew more in length.


Sensors for strain measurement are indispensable for structure monitoring. Fiber optic sensors based on Fiber Bragg Grating (PEG) technology are found to be suitable for strain sensing and have a number of advantages compared to conventional strain gauges. TNO has developed a high-speed detection system for FBG sensor array. The maximum sampling frequency of about 20 kHz is essential for modal analysis, noise reduction, impact detection and dynamic load measurement. In particular the latter is of importance for Structural Health Monitoring of composite structure. Different types of test are performed using this system.


Inhomogeneous fluid-saturated porous materials are often probed with diffusion waves to estimate their effective hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity. Analysis of diffusion wave fields in randomly inhomogeneous poroelastic structures provides new insight into how fluctuations of the compressible constituents affect the effective diffusivity. Based on the method of statistical smoothing an effective wave number of the coherent diffusion wave field is computed. From this wave number both an effective hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity are identified. These transport properties are frequency dependent. The correspondence between this conductivity and that estimated from unsteady flow through porous media based on Darcy's law is elucidated.