The Laser Harp is an electronic musical instrument , using laser beams instead of conventional strings. By breaking the beams, users are able to play notes. A teaching mode feature encourages users to learn certain preset melodies through a simple watch-listen andrepeat routine. The Laser Harp aims to provide a musical instrument that combines simplicity, robustness and interactive capabilities all in one. The basic working of a laser harp is as follows: A laser beam is shone. A stepper motor with a mirror divides it into nine beams. When one or more of the beams are cut, the light sensor (Light Detecting Resistor, LDR) detects it. According to the corresponding motor positions, it sends signals to the Arduino, which in turn produces the respective notes through a computer or keyboard.A mirror is attached to the motor. The laser beam is directed to the mirror. The motor rotates in steps, hence stepper motor. With every step the motor takes, the position of the mirror changes, deflecting the beam in a different direction every time. The steps take place fast enough for the beams to appear as if they are simultaneously present. Every beam has a corresponding motor position. When a beam is cut, it reflects onto the sensor, which detects an increase in light intensity. The light sensor then looks for the position of the motor at the instant the beam was cut, and thus identifies the beam in question. Keywords—Stepper motor, Embedded system, ATmega 328Microcontroller, LDR sensor, Laser.


The invention provides a method for preparing a laminated Co(OH)2 and Co3O4 nano-rod by a hydro-thermal method. The method is characterized by taking hydrazine hydrate and sodium phosphate as structure guidance agents to control the appearance, taking cabaltous nitrate as a raw material, and taking the hydrazine hydrate to play roles of a reactant and an antioxidant at the same time. The compositions react for 18 hours under 180 DEG C of hydro thermal to obtain the laminated Co(OH)2 nano-rod; and then, the nano-rod is calcined for 4 hours at 400 DEG C to obtain the Co3O4 nano-rod. The transition process of the laminated Co(OH)2 nano-rod which can be clearly observed by changing reaction time comprises that: firstly, a nano-rod with a smooth surface is generated; then, time is prolonged to grow flakes on the side surface of the nano-rod; and finally, the nano-rod is changed into the laminated nano-rod. The nano-rod or the laminated nano-rod can be acquired by controlling the reaction time, and the laminated nano-rod has larger specific area and is rich in nano-flake periphery on the surface compared with the nano-rod.


Design for Environment (or ecodesign) has become increasingly important in the aircraft industry. Embraer, one of the world's leading aircraft manufacturers, is committed to improve the environmental performance of the developed aircrafts. The roadmap for the strategic implementation of DfE at Embraer, developed based on the application of the Ecodesign Maturity Model (EcoM2), is presented and further discussed in this paper. The paper describes the main projects and activities carried out at the company so to develop robust processes for the development of products with a better environmental performance.


For thermal analysis in the development of spacecraft, THALES ALENIA SPACE and ASTRIUM developed in-house thermal model reduction tools based on a similar reduction method that allows the radiation of each node to be taken into account in the conductive coupling calculation for reduced models. This development is used for the reduction of Telecom satellite walls and has been progressively extended to 3D models such as satellite. On these applications the tool has shown its efficiency.


The economic implications and the income distribution effects of the CU between Turkey and the EU have been studied by applying a general equilibrium model to the Turkish economy. The numerical results show that the CU is not trade diverting. Most importantly, urban (rural) groups are better (worse) off in the scenario with fixed wages, while urban (rural) groups are worse (better) off in the scenario with flexible wages. Despite the owners of basic skilled labour being better off than both the owners of skilled labour and the owners of capital, overall income inequality rises in the scenario with fixed wages, suggesting that analysis on income inequality based on the functional distribution of income and the full employment assumption (i.e. Stolper-Samuelson theorem), might be misleading. In addition, in the case of fixed real wages, the model predicts the creation of 148000 new jobs. Sensitivity analysis seems to support this overall conclusion.


The third world Christians, suffering for a long time under colonialism, neocolonialism, poverty, exploitation, militarism and the like human tragedies, re-image the doctrine of Jesus Christ. Among them, Asian theologians also reformulate their Asian Christology based on their Asian context. They show that there can be no contextless Christology but only contextual Christology. Asia, though it is one continent, is diverse into cultures and religions, ethnicities, classes and so on. Asia is a museum of religions and cultures. This plurality of context leads the Asian theologians into diverse understandings of and answers to the question of Jesus, who do you say that I am? Asian liberation theologians advocate that Jesus Christ is not the exclusive saviour only for Christians. He is sent for the salvation or liberation of the whole world. His liberation and salvation transcend the category of religion, ethnicity and culture. To claim him as saviour only for a single religion means to put him in religious prison. His work and ministry are for the transformation of all oppressive and suffering communities regardless of religion, ethnicity and culture. He invites every kind of people to be his co-workers and co-liberators for the Asian community.


A hard disk drive (HDD) is the permanent magnetic data storage and one of the most important components of computers, electronic devices and cloud data storage service facility. The data reading and writing are operated by the reader and writer parts of HDD head or slider. These reader and writer were made of multilayer thin ilms of different materials, forming a tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) device. In HDD production, the ion beam etching (IBE) process was used in?the preparation of?surface patterns and cleaning in many fabrication steps. The Monte Carlo-based simulation package, SRIM was applied to calculate the etching yields and %energy loss of those materials in the TMR structure. The calculation showed that the etching yields of materials reach the maximum value, at?an incident angle of?70? to the normal surface. The total etching yields of compounds were calculated from the etching yield of each element. The plasma characterization in an industrial-size IBE system has been performed to extract the plasma characteristic at different process conditions. The effects of process parameters in IBE system such as incident beam angle, ion beam current and gas flow in the system were analyzed. ?The floating potential of plasma in this IBE system with the electron compensation from a plasma bridge neutralizer (PBN) is?3 V, while the plasma potential is?2.5 V.? The ion current densities in the actual system and the etching rate of different TMR materials were calculated.? ??


This ex plor atory and de scrip tive in ves ti ga tion used the case study as re search strat egy to in di cate how writ ing may be used as a spe cial ised form of ther apy for an ad o les cent in the phase of mid-ad o les cence. The study re searched and con sol i dated a body of knowl edge con cern ing writ ing in a ther a peu tic con text, while high light ing the Ges talt ther a peu tic ap proach. Its em pir i cal in te gra tion cul mi nated in a method for the use of ther a pists who ir re spec tive of their ther a peu tic ori en ta tion wish to ap ply writ ing in ther apy with ad o les cents. The dis ser ta tion ar gues that writ ing prac tised from a Ges talt ther a peu tic per spec tive should move grad u ally from be ing a tool of self-ex pres sion to be com ing one of self-nur tur ing. It should guide the cli ent through a pro cess of self-reg u la tion to a point of self-sup port. In such a pro cess, writ ing in ther apy will evolve into writ ing as ther apy, a ther apy prac tised by the cli ent heror him self as a means of achiev ing equi lib rium.


Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. Sacrococcygeal neuroblastomas are reported to be rare. The authors report a case of a well-differentiated neuroblastoma case, detected in a 4-month-old male during routine pediatric evaluation and totally resected by surgery.

J. Exp. Clin. Med., 2013; 30:75-77


The recent loss of a 50-year-old friend to coronary artery disease was a shock to me. My friend had excellent care after an acute coronary thrombosis. She had cooperated fully with her physicians in undergoing investigations and taking medications. She had even begun cardiac rehabilitation. My friend's first sign of coronary artery disease was an infarction. After the first crushing sternal pains, sweating and horrified, my friend called 911 and was taken by ambulance to a hospital several kilometres away. She told me later that she had a "sense of impending doom," just as the medical textbooks describe. She was cardiogrammed and streptokinased in the emergency department. She was admitted to the coronary care unit, stress-tested, thallium-scanned, echocardiogrammed and monitored while wearing a breezy hospital gown. Finally, in the angiography suite, she was angioplastied and stented. Her family physician and cardiologist sent her home with broad smiles and a favourable prognosis. Seldom have they been so wrong. When she later died, they too were crushed, their instruments and wisdom proved useless. We physicians are supposed to handle such bad news with concern and selfcontrol. Instead, we wring our hands and hang our heads in shame. Inside, we cry and cry again. Resting drugged at home after her first infarction, my reassured and compliant friend was thinned of blood, lowered of blood pressure, benzodiazepined into serenity and made proof against arrhythmia with β-blockers. She was tended with loving care by her anxious husband and children, visited by her parents and siblings, aunts and uncles and friends. My friend and the rest of us had no knowledge of how close her end was to be, barely 2 months later, or of how it would happen, at home in bed beside her sleeping husband. I suppose my feelings include anger because I have been conditioned to expect better, as a result of my own experience and that of my patients and friends. We have survived and prospered for long years with stable coronary artery disease. In my family practice, it is obvious that coronary artery disease is a chronic disability, responsive to drugs, lifestyle changes and surgical interventions. My older patients with the disease do not always die from it because they live until the age of neoplasia. Yet my friend died, and I am truly frustrated, unable to accept this loss or to console the survivors. Most of my patients are old, but my friend was young. She lost the last third of her life, and her children and husband sit desolate in their silent house. Her parents have experienced perhaps the worst tragedy that life offers: they have buried a child.


In recent years, Total Quality Management has become something of a social movement in the United States. This commentary returns to the writings of the movement's founders--W. Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran, and Kaoru Ishikawa--to assess the coherence, distinctiveness, and likely perseverance of this provocative management philosophy. We identify a number of gaps in what is known about TQM processes and outcomes, and explore the congruence between TQM practices and behavioral science knowledge about motivation, learning, and change in social systems. The commentary concludes with a prognosis about the future of TQM--including some speculations about what will be needed if TQM is to take root and prosper in the years to come.


Elsevier Store: Quantum Efficiency in Complex Systems, Part II: From Molecular Aggregates to. DRM-free included formats : EPUB, Mobi for Kindle, PDF.Quantum Efficiency in Complex Systems, Part II From Molecular Aggregates to. Abstract PDF 1064 K.Simulation of physical quantum systems with an exponentially large Hilbert. Of a complex vector, the result cant be exctracted efficiently. The QFT is not an.Universally optimal noisy quantum walks on complex networksFilippo Caruso2014. Dissipative quantum metrology in manybody systems of identical particlesF. Complex Systems, Part II: From Molecular Aggregates to.


A1N is an attractive material because of its mechanical, thermal and electronic properties. However, these properties are often adversely altered by extended defects such as inversion domain boundaries (IDBs), and through impurities associated with the defects, especially oxygen. Thus to improve the properties of the material it is important to understand the structures of the defects. A number of studies have been carried out to characterize these defects using fringe contrast, weak-beam, convergent-beam electron diffraction and conventional high-resolution phase contrast imaging. These techniques all require the use of model structures for data interpretation. In this paper, we report a direct determination of the structures of IDBs and dislocation cores in A1N by highresolution Z-contrast imaging using a 300 kV VG HB603U scanning transmission electron microscope, with a probe size of 1.3 Å.


Abstract This essay examines the relationship between traditional, or aesthetic, modernism and modernity as a way to gain a deeper understanding of the meaning of race and gender as these have been addressed in modern discourse, and as concerns what I identify as a relationship of simultaneity, rather than mutual exclusiveness which, although invisible, yet exists between them. By rearticulating the meaning of modernism and the modern in terms of modernity and considering race and gender in this new context, after modernism, I argue that because it is a much larger category, the shift to modernity opens the door to a more complete investigation that, in focusing on the hidden meaning of race and gender, transcends aesthetic modernism's too-heavy reliance on its visible iteration, that of a periodization encompassing the works of the Harlem Renaissance as its primary encounter with race, while encouraging a separate consideration of gender. Filtered through modernity, then, it becomes clear that a more complete understanding of the role of race in modernism can only be obtained by moving backward in time, from an investigation of the twentieth-century visibility of race and gender, to the invisible nineteenth-century origins of race and gender, two examples of which are found in Frances Ellen Watkins Harper's and Pauline Hopkins's explorations of the tragic mulatta, who embodies the hidden and simultaneous intersection that is race and gender.


Objective To approach the clinical effects of cardioversion for treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF) in the rheumatic cardial disease patients with large left atrium after valve replacement.Methods All 164 patients with persistent AF after valve replacement(left atrial diameter exceeded 50mm)were randomly divided into 3 groups: amiodarone group(n=20),combination of amiodarone and ramipril group(n=76),and combination of amiodarone and irbesartan group(n=68).Amiodarone was administrated iv in all patients,and cardioversion was used if AF was not returned.Amiodarone was administrated 200mg every day after successful cardioversion,ramipril was used 5mg every day at the same time in ramipril group,irbesartan was used 150mg every day in irbesartan group for 3-6 months.Results Immediate effective ratio was 92.7%(152/164 cases).Mean follow-up was(1.8±0.4) years;128 cases(78.0%) maintained sinus rhythm.Rate of sinus rhythm was 86.8%(66/76 cases) in ramipril group and it was 75.0%(51/68 cases)in irbesartan group with no significant difference between the two groups.It was 55.0%(11/20 cases)in amiodarone group,also without significant difference compared with ramipril or irbesartan group.Left atrial diameter detected in last follow-up significantly exceeded than before cardioversion in amiodarone group((60.5±3.8)mm vs(57.7±4.5)mm,P=0.04);but there was no significant difference between ramipril group((58.2±4.3)mm vs(57.3±5.8)mm,P=0.28)and irbesartan group((57.2.±5.5)mm vs(56.4±4.9)mm,P=0.37).Cardiac function was improved in 3 groups without conspicuous difference among them.Conclusion If methods of cardioversion and combined medicine approach are correct,the effective ratio is high in patients who had long time AF and large left atrium,the rate of maintenance of sinus rhythm is also high,and the cardiac function is improved.Amiodarone combined with ramipril or irbesartan can delay augmentation of left atrium and improve rate of maintenance of sinus rhythm.


The Asiatic garden beetle, Maladera formosae (Brenske) (syn. M. castanea [Arrow]) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is an annual white grub species that was unintentionally introduced from east Asia to North America in 1921 in New Jersey, and has since spread to at least 25 states and two Canadian provinces. Grub populations in the Great Lakes region have recently emerged as significant early-season pests of field crops, particularly field corn, grown in sandy soils. Asiatic garden beetle has also recently become established in other regions including Alabama. Prior research on this species was conducted mainly in the 1930s in horticultural and turfgrass systems of New York and New Jersey. In this study, we document Asiatic garden beetle preference and performance on previously un-investigated food resources, in populations from Ohio and Alabama. The objectives of these experiments were to a) understand if grubs show preference to potential diet choices present in a typical Ohio corn-soybean rotation, and gained mass when provided a single diet, and b) to conduct a preliminary assessment on the development, survival, and fecundity of field-collected beetles on different diets present in suburban Alabama. In general, grubs were more likely to be found at corn and marestail and they significantly increased in body mass when subjected to those diets. However, they were also able to survive and gain mass when provided soybean, crop residues or bare soil. Adults consumed more rose flower petals than floral tissue of white clover and Queen Anne's lace. In no-choice trials, only females that were fed a diet of rose petals laid eggs, and diet consumption rates were similar among males and females. These findings provide insight into the feeding behaviors of Asiatic garden beetle grubs and adults collected from novel environments


Background: Conduct disorder is among the most serious and complex complications in school-aged children. It is considered the leading cause of parental emotional and psychological problems affecting their psychological wellbeing. Purpose: Evaluate the effect of psycho-educational program on emotional distress and psychological wellbeing for parents of children with conduct disorders. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design two groups (study and control group pre/ posttest) was used to achieve the purpose of the study. Setting: The study was conducted at out-patient psychiatric clinic at Menoufia University Hospitals, in Shebin El-Kom City, Menoufia Governorate. Sample: A convenience sample consisted of 100 parents from the above mentioned setting who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study. Instruments : (1): Socio-demographic structured interview questionnaire. (2) The emotional distress scale. (3) Scale of psychological wellbeing. Results: The results revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between study and control group in the total emotional distress and psychological wellbeing level post psycho-educational intervention. Conclusion: It was concluded that the psycho-educational intervention has a positive effect on reducing emotional distress and improving psychological wellbeing among parents having conduct disorder children. Recommendations: counseling, family therapy, free workshops for parents because they are really in need. Furthermore, raising the awareness of nurses and healthcare professionals about parents" experiences of parenting a child with Conduct disorder has the potential to guide practice and provide appropriate support for these mothers, thus minimizing the possible negative impact on their family life.


Beginning in the middle of the twentieth century, leading Martinican authors and playwrights assume a great responsibility. This mission, as elaborated upon by Edouard Glissant and Aime Cesaire, is the creation of a Martinican collective consciousness that will allow this population to "move beyond" or to "come to terms with itself."1 Moreover, the establishment of a national theatre, which effectively brings people together, making a seemingly cohesive group, is synonymous with the shaping of a nation. As Glissant states in his Caribbean Discourse, "When a nation is taking shape, it develops a theatrical form that 'duplicates' its history (gives it significance) and provides an inventory" (196). Theatre is the place where a largely "deported" and creolized people forcibly "cut off from [their] true world" can craft a history (202). Moreover, "There is no nation without a theater," writes Glissant, "and no theater is possible without a national consciousness."2 From all this we can safely deduce that, at least in part, "the creation of a national identity is an artistic process."3Apart from their divergent movements, Antillanite (Caribbeaness) and Negritude, Edouard Glissant and Aime Cesaire appear to assign an equal amount of importance to theatre in the construction of social cohesion. Although the group consciousness that Glissant seeks to engender is at first national, it is Caribbean at base. Cesaire, on the other hand, is concerned with the promotion and solidarity of black identity and consciousness. Despite these discrepancies, the similarity in their approach to theater is undeniable. Sophie Hawkes argues, "Through the vehicle of tragedy, Cesaire attempts two goals: to present the metaphysical, spiritual and political problems of black people in a form that conveys both grandeur and dignity, and to present both the ideals and pitfalls that must accompany any psychic or social rebirth."4 Cesaire himself states, "Effectivement, je donne ma preference a la forme theâtrale; je crois que les evenements exterieurs y sont pour quelque chose... En particulier, avec l'acces a l'independance des pays africains, nous sommes dans le moment de la responsabilite. Les noirs desormais doivent faire leur histoire.. ."5 When he spoke these words it is clear that he saw black people at a crucial moment in history where they needed to come together, to create a unified identity. He speaks of responsibility and perceives theatre as a means of arousing both political and cultural consciousness, envisioned from a sociological perspective. He clarifies this, saying, "Quand je considere le probleme du sous-developpement, il me semble que le salut des pays sous-developpes ne sera assure que lorsque ses habitants auront depasse leur stade actuel de manque de conscience. Par consequent, mon theâtre, dans cette optique de developpement, doit jouer un role social."6Clearly, theatre in Martinique has been entrusted with the task of creating a collective consciousness through the construction or the enunciation of a common past. This is indeed what theatre in these two areas has generally done, that is, written or elaborated on historical events. This "theâtre historique antillais," a term coined by Bridget Jones and defined by Stephanie Berard in Theâtre des Antilles is "un theâtre qui repond a une pulsion profonde, celle d'utiliser l'exteriorisation d'evenements passes afin de corriger les versions imposees, voire faussees, de la narration officielle."7 It is a theatre that never simply re-enacts a historical moment. Time as well as action is rarely linear. The place where the action unravels is rarely contained in one feasible location, let alone one comprised solely of the living. In other words, the neo-classical conventions of the three unities of time, place and action are far from respected here. Yet, historical events are primary elements presented and examined in these plays. While events that took place locally in Martinique do serve as content for the plays, it is clear that many playwrights have looked beyond their particular island frontiers to the events that occurred in Haiti. …


We report λ≈2.95μm strain-compensated quantum cascade laser source based on intra-cavity second harmonic generation. The laser operates in pulsed mode at 298K with J th =2.7kA/cm2 and provides 30μW of second-harmonic radiation with 0.1mW/W2 conversion efficiency.


In this paper, we present an improved KNN (k-nearest neighbor) classification method called KNN+. In order to estimate its performance, we compare it with the original KNN method in the area of gene expression based tumor diagnosis, by the aid of two gene selection methods. The experiment results show that KNN+ is superior to KNN in general.


MWH's Water TreatmentAdsorption Technology and DesignAdsorption Technology for Air and Water Pollution ControlEnvironmental WaterApplications in IndustryIntroduction to AdsorptionEmerging Technologies for Sustainable Desalination HandbookProcess Design Manual for Carbon AdsorptionAdsorption, Ion Exchange and CatalysisDemonstration of Carbon Adsorption Technology for Petroleum Dry Cleaning PlantsAdsorption Technology in Water TreatmentProcess Design Manual for Carbon AdsorptionGroundwater Treatment TechnologyChemical Engineering Volume 2Adsorption Technology and DesignAdsorption Refrigeration TechnologySimulated Moving Bed TechnologyAdsorption Technology in Water TreatmentFluoride Removal from Groundwater by Adsorption TechnologyGas PurificationAdsorption Technology in Water TreatmentStatistical Design ChemometricsParticle Technology and ApplicationsAdsorption Processes for Water TreatmentIndustrial Chemical Process Analysis and DesignAdsorption Processes for Water Treatment and PurificationActivated Carbon Adsorption For Wastewater TreatmentAdsorption Design for Wastewater TreatmentDesign, Simulation and Optimization of Adsorptive and Chromatographic Separations: A Hands-On ApproachAdsorption: Science and TechnologyDesign, Simulation and Optimization of Adsorptive and Chromatographic Separations: A Hands-On ApproachAdsorption technology and designAdsorption Design GuideFluoride Removal from Groundwater by Adsorption TechnologyProcess Equipment and Plant DesignRational Design of Next-generation Nanomaterials and Nanodevices for Water ApplicationsProceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Separation TechnologyGreen Adsorbents for Pollutant RemovalPrinciples of Chemical Separations with Environmental ApplicationsEfficient Petrochemical Processes


Atmospheric thermal emission spectra 7–15 μm have been obtained under clear skies, at different elevation angles and for a spectral slit width of 200 A. Absolute spectral radiances are compared with those calculated for a layer model of the atmosphere through the use of the radiative transfer equation and using actual altitude profiles of temperature, pressure, and water vapour obtained by balloon sounding concurrently with thermal emission measurements.


The crystal structure of tetrabenzylzirconium (at –40 °C) shows the molecule to have approximate symmetry with distorted tetrahedral co-ordination (average Zr–C 2·27 A); the benzyl groups are σ-bonded to the metal atom but the angles at the methylene carbon atoms are unexpectedly small, ranging from 85° to 101°.


The unicellular halotolerant alga Dunaliella salina had the ability to oxidize NADH and reduce Fe(CN)6^3-.The redox reactions were to some extent stimulated by slight hyperosmotic shock (2.0mol/L→2.6mol/L NaCl),but markably inhibited by abrupt hyperosmotic shock (2.0mol/L→3.5mol/L NaCl) and hypoosmotic shock (2.0mol/L→1.0mol/L NaCl;2.0mol/L→0.67mol/L NaCl).With the adaptation of algal cells to osmotic shock by accumulating or degraging intracellular grycerol,the plasmalemma redox activities were also restored.The O2 uptake stimulated by NADH could be promoted by FA and SHAM.Hypoosmotic shock increases the basal respiration rate of alga cells,but weakened the stimulating effects of NADH,FA and SHAM on O2 uptake.On the other hand,hyperosmotic shock reduced the basal respiration rate,but relatively enhanced the above effects of NADH,FA and SHAM.H^+ extrusion of alga cells was inhibited by NADH and stimulated by Fe(CN)6^3-.Vanadate and DES could inhibit H^+ efflux,but had little effect in the presence of NADH and Fe(CN)6^3-.Both hyperand hypoosmotic shock stimulated H^+ extrusion.This effect could be totally inhibited by vanadate and DES,but almost unaffected by 8-hydroxyquinoline.It was suggested that H^+-ATPase probably played a more important role in H^+ extrusion and osmoregulation under the conditions of osmotic shock.


A tractor mounted air assisted sleeve boom sprayer was designed and developed. The sprayer required about 127-152 L/ha chemical solution to spray through hollow cone nozzles at 0.4-0.6 L/min. The fine droplets produced were directed toward the crop canopy by an air stream that was emitted through 29 holes in the air sleeve fitted behind the spray boom. The axial fan fitted in the sprayer delivered air at 608 m3/hr/m boom with an air speed of 11 m/sec from each hole. The boom width was 10.7 m with 20 nozzles fitted on the boom at 510 mm spacing. The sprayer was tested in a cotton field. The field capacity of the sprayer was 2 ha/hr with an operational cost of US $3.38/ha. The sprayer gave higher chemical deposits on both sides of the cotton plant leaves as compared to the conventional sprayer. The air assisted sprayer gave approximately 5-7 % drift loss whereas the conventional sprayer loss was about 20-25 %.


A strong impetus has been given to cognitive poetics by recent advances in conceptual integration or blending theory. This theory provides insights into the nature of text processing, and accounts for human thinking and reasoning in terms of complex cross-domain projection of information. In particular, it distinguishes between four main types of integration networks, existing on a continuum from simplex via mirror and single-scope to double-scope networks. The present article suggests that these insights into the way our minds work also help us understand how nineteenth- and twentieth-century novelists thought about issues of social class. It shows that the four types of conceptual integration networks correspond to the four types of endings found in condition-of-England novels. The focus is therefore on the endings of these novels, and it is argued that simplex and mirror resolutions are rather uncommon (one example is given of each). Single-scope resolutions are more common in the nineteenth-century condition-of-England novel, and double-scope resolutions in the twentieth-century novel.


Purpose: We describe 2 cases of bilateral acute myopia associated with topiramate, a drug that has recently been prescribed for epilepsy or weight reduction. Case summary: A 24-year-old woman and a 25-year-old woman, both previously devoid of ocular problems, visited our hospital with blurry vision after taking topiramate for weight reduction. A thorough medical history review and ocular examinations, including a slit lamp examination, were performed. Conclusions: Slit-lamp examinations revealed forward displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm, which resulted in myopia and anterior chamber shallowing. Discontinuation of topiramate and the administration of cycloplegic agents successfully resolved the symptoms. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(6):1033-1040, 2008


Study of commuters' attitude towards public transport and their perception of existing service quality for different service attribute of public transport have gained immense importance for determining appropriate public transport service level. In this context, level of service (LOS) is identified as a vital tool to measure service quality, as per users' perception, ranging from LOS A to LOS F which denotes 'the best' to 'worst' levels. However, the LOS existing benchmarks are defined as per the expert's judgment. Method of 'Successive Interval Scaling' is used to develop LOS values for bus service as per users' perception which converts ordered categorical scale into an interval scale. Service attributes are selected which are considered important for bus transit and LOS for each attribute is evaluated based on users' opinion. The results obtained in this study for the city of Mumbai highlights the difference in LOS values between users' perception and experts' opinion given by Ministry of Urban Development in India (MoUD), India and the Transit Capacity & Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM).


The MAJORANA Collaboration has completed construction and is now operating an array of high purity Ge detectors searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) in $^{76}$Ge. The array, known as the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, is comprised of 44 kg of Ge detectors (30 kg enriched to 88% in $^{76}$Ge) installed in an ultra-low background compact shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The primary goal of the DEMONSTRATOR is to establish a low-background design that can be scaled to a next-generation tonne-scale experiment. This work reports initial background levels in the $0\nu\beta\beta$ region of interest. Also presented are recent physics results leveraging P-type point-contact detectors with sub-keV energy thresholds to search for physics beyond the Standard Model; first results from searches for bosonic dark matter, solar axions, Pauli exclusion principle violation, and electron decay have been published. Finally, this work discusses the proposed tonne-scale $^{76}$Ge $0\nu\beta\beta$ LEGEND experiment.


In IT-forensic, it is important to do electronic monitoring to equipments either for investigation or forensics. This paper gives a detail explanation of how the kernel works in Linux 2.6 and the working principle of LKM, analyses the mechanism of process concealment in Linux 2.6. Codes are written to realize process concealment in order to achieve kernel monitoring.


The most significant advance in technical communications affecting many of the suggested topics for the conference is the impact of enterprise architecture and its development over the past thirty years since its inception. Enterprise architecture enables enterprises to fully align business strategies with the technological infrastructures that support them. It facilitates an organization's ability to communicate with all components that comprise it as well as strategically align with those with whom it interacts allowing, as The Open Group describes, boundryless information flow, more effective decision support and the alignment of business, application, data and technological architectures that comprise them. This promotes change management and enterprise transformation for communication structures and practices, multimodal communications and the effective management of disruptive technologies. One definition of EA is it is the organizing logic for business processes and IT infrastructure reflecting the integration and standardization requirements of the firm's operating model. It provides a conceptual blueprint that defines the structure and operation of an organization. The intent of EA is determining how an organization can most effectively achieve its current and future objectives. We present a synthesis of EA frameworks and their relationship to the Zachman Framework as the underlying basis for their models.


In this paper model of integrated voice/data cellular wireless networks (CWN) are investigated. The unified approximate approach to calculate the desired Quality of Service (QoS) metrics in an isolated cell of such networks under two multi-parametric call admission control (CAC) strategies is developed. One of them is based on the guard channels scheme while the second is based on a threshold scheme. Results of the numerical experiments are given and a comparison of QoS metrics under different CAC strategies is carried out.


The objectives of this study were to enhance the production of biogas through using a mixture of cow and chicken manure and to investigate the effect of digested manure on plant growth. Biogas digester consisted of a plastic polyethylene tank with a volume of 0.25 cubic meters. Cow and chicken manures were collected from certified animal and chicken farms. Mixture of manure was prepared by mixing 5 kg of chicken manure and 5 kg of cow manure together in 100 L plastic tank containing 90 L water free from chlorine. Percentage of manure in all cases was 10% (w/v). The manures were transferred to the digesters and kept in greenhouse to insure warm conditions (30°C - 39°C). Produced biogas was measured each two days and digestate samples were taken every two days for pH, EC, BOD, COD determination. Results showed increased biogas production and reached the highest quantity after 28 days and the amount of biogas produced from the mixture of cow and chicken manures was higher than the amount produced from each manure individually. Decreases in pH values were observed during biogas production followed by BOD, COD reduction. On the other hand, increases on EC values were observed. Application of digested manure in agriculture increased yield of lettuce by 75% comparing with the control sample. The study recommended using cow manure mixed with chicken manure to increase the production of biogas and to use the digested manure in agricultural.


Attitude is an evaluative response. Authoritative parenting and self-control is a factor that are factors that may have influenced the adolescent`s attitude towards free sex. This study aimed to describe: (1) the correlation of  authoritative parenting with adolescent`s attitude towards free sex, (2) the correlation of of self-control with adolescent`s attitude towards free sex, and (3) the correlation of authoritative parenting and self-control with adolescent`s attitude towards free sex. This study used quantitative research which applied correlational approach. The population of the research was the student's in SMA N 1 Stabat. By using proportional random sampling technique, 172 student's were chosen as the sample. The instrument of the research was the scale of  Likert. The instrument of the research was a scale. The purpose of the research was analyzed by using simple linear regression technique, and multiple linear regression technique. The results of the research revealed that: (1) there was a correlation between authoritative parenting with adolescent`s attitude towards free sex, (2) there was a correlation between self-control with adolescent`s attitude towards free sex, and (3) there was a correlation between authoritative parenting and self-control simultaneously with adolescent`s attitude towards free sex.


The invention relates to a semiconductor device having a protective circuit against short circuits. It comprises two main terminals 11 and 12 one of which is connected to a load, a plurality of semiconductor elements 13, 14 connected in parallel between the main terminals so as to control the intensity of the current flowing between these terminals, the elements semiconductor having a common control terminal 19 which controls the amount of current passing through each semiconductor element, a switching means 18 connected between the control terminal and a selected one of the main terminals and serving to short -circuiter the control terminal and the main terminal selected so that the current intensity passing through the semiconductor elements between the main terminals is limited every time the load connected to the main terminal is short-circuited.


Let f(x) be an irreducible degree four polynomial defined over a field F and let K = F (α) where α is a root of f in some fixed algebraic closure F of F . Several methods appear in the literature for computing the Galois group G of f , most of which rely on forming and factoring resolvent polynomials; i.e., polynomials defining subfields of the splitting field of f . This paper surveys those methods that generalize to arbitrary base fields of characteristic 0. Further, we describe a non-resolvent method that determines if K has a quadratic subfield by counting the number of roots of f that are contained in K, and we also describe how to construct explicitly a polynomial defining a quadratic subfield. We end with a comparison of run times for the various algorithms in the case F is the rational numbers. AMS Subject Classification: 12Y05, 20B35, 12F10


The vertebrate retina and retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) derive from the optic vesicle, an evagination of the developing forebrain. As the optic vesicle grows and encounters signals from the prospective lens ectoderm, the domains that form the neural retina and RPE become established (reviewed by Chow and Lang, 2001). The distal optic vesicle thickens and becomes the neural retina, while the immediate proximal optic vesicle gives rise to the RPE. The interface between these two domains forms the peripheral retina, a region that gives rise to several pigmented and nonpigmented structures, including the iris and ciliary body. Several transcription factors, many of them homeodomain-containing factors, have been shown to play important roles in the specification and development of the optic vesicle (Chow and Lang, 2001). Mutations in these genes in mice or humans frequently lead to anophthalmia or microphthalmia (Graw, 2003). Other transcription factors contribute to the definition of optic vesicle compartments. Two notable transcription factors, Chx10 and Mitf, are expressed in the developing optic vesicle in patterns that are either temporally or spatially mutually exclusive (Bora et al., 1998; Liu et al., 1994; Nguyen and Arnheiter, 2000). Mutations of both Chx10 and Mitf are responsible for classically defined mouse ocular phenotypes affecting development of the retina or RPE, respectively. Chx10, a paired-like homeodomain transcription factor, is expressed in the presumptive neural retina, probably in response to inductive signals from the prospective lens ectoderm (Liu et al., 1994; Nguyen and Arnheiter, 2000). In this respect, Chx10 is the earliest characterized specific marker of retinal progenitor cells. Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signals from the surface ectoderm may play a role in patterning the domains of the optic vesicle and may be required for Chx10 expression in the presumptive neural retina (Nguyen and Arnheiter, 2000). In mouse, as well as the chick, Chx10 is xpressed in what appears to be nearly all retinal progenitor cells, but is absent from all of the postmitotic cell types except for bipolar interneurons (Belecky-Adams et al., 1997; Burmeister et al., 1996; Chen and Cepko, 2000) and a subset of Müller glia (Rowan and Cepko, 2004). Mutations in Chx10 cause the ocular retardation phenotype in mice, including the orJ mutant, which has a spontaneous mutation that leads to a premature stop codon and failure to produce Chx10 protein The homeodomain transcription factor Chx10 is one of the earliest markers of the developing retina. It is required for retinal progenitor cell proliferation as well as formation of bipolar cells, a type of retinal interneuron. orJ (ocular retardation) mice, which are Chx10 null mutants, are microphthalmic and show expanded and abnormal peripheral structures, including the ciliary body. We show here, in a mixed genetic background, the progressive appearance of pigmented cells in the neural retina, concomitant with loss of expression of retinal markers. Fate mapping analysis using a multifunctional Chx10 BAC reporter mouse revealed this process to be direct transdifferentiation of retinal cells into pigmented cells. Microarray and in situ hybridization analyses revealed a complex program underlying the transdifferentiation. This program involved the expansion of expression of genes normally found only in the periphery into central regions of the eye. These genes included a transcription factor controlling pigmentation, Mitf, and the related factor Tfec (Tcfec– Mouse Genome Informatics), which can activate a melanogenic gene expression program. Misexpression of Chx10 in the developing retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) caused downregulation of Mitf, Tfec, and associated pigment markers, leading to a nonpigmented RPE. These data link Chx10 and Mitf to maintenance of the neural retina and RPE fates respectively. Further, they suggest a new role for Chx10 in maintenance of compartment boundaries in the peripheral retina.


Spectrofluorimetric methods allowing an estimation of the "microviscosity" (or the microfluidity) of synthetic and natural membranes may be used if the emissive phenomenon is dependent upon the cohesion of its local environment. Of the different methods that may be proposed, the study of the reactions between electronically excited molecules A*, which emit fluorescence, and B quenchers embedded in membranes, the rate constant of which is partly controlled by diffusion, are expected to inform about the values of diffusion coefficients of quenchers and therefore the "microviscosity" of the environment. Information may be improved when the product of the reaction between A* and B is itself emissive (excimers, exciplexes). We propose here that a kinetic model may apply this type of reaction when a process of static quenching occurs. The use of this kinetic model in studies carried out in this area should lead to a more accurate determination of the diffusion coefficients of A* and B, and therefore of the "microviscosity".


Drying is an essential preservation technique for agricultural products. It also provides longer shelf life and light-weight for cost-effective transportation. The ability to describe drying of the agricultural products accurately is known to be important. Designing and optimization of drying operations ideally needs a simple, accurate yet mechanically meaningful model. Most published studies have employed diffusion-based models to describe drying kinetics which requires solution of partial differential equation and substantial amount of work to determine diffusivity function. Reaction Engineering Approach (REA) is a simple alternative to the more complex approaches. It can take a lumped form which can be implemented in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for coupling of objects being dried and surrounding flow field. In this study, moist mung bean was dried in a range of pre-set constant drying conditions and the appropriate REA parameters were obtained. The changes of temperature and moisture content of mung bean samples during drying were measured experimentally and the results were compared with the REA model calculations. The model predictions were in very good agreement with the experimental data under all the conditions tested. The agreement of moisture content was revealed by R2 higher than 0.991 and RMSE lower than 0.003. The agreement of particle temperature was also revealed by R2 higher than 0.932 and RMSE lower than 0.08. Based on the experimental data, REA model was established for the necessary parameters. The REA model has been shown to represent the experimental drying data very well.

Practical Applications

Mung bean is an important legume of Asian origin, now widely cultivated throughout Asia, Australia, New Zealand and Africa. It contains a number of essential fatty acids, antioxidants minerals and proteins that are known to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes and obesity, and can considerably lower blood cholesterol. Most of mung beans are dried and only small amounts are consumed fresh. With the fast, effective and economical technique to reduce the moisture content of materials, for better storage and transportation, mung bean are dried usually using appropriate machinery (such as fluid bed dryer). The ability to describe drying of these products quantitatively for better designs of the drying facilities urges the necessity of developing an appropriate drying model for dehydrating of mung beans. The basic aim of this article was to present a new mathematical model to describe drying kinetics of mung bean and establish the corresponding REA model. The established model parameters would be applied in fluid bed drying modeling.


A procedure for automatic acquisition of experimental data was designed.On-line data- acquisition(DAQ)system and calculation of the kinetic friction coefficient based on maths function of the LabVIEW were obtained for pressure,torque,and temperature.Variation of the kinetic friction coefficient at different pressure,temperature,rotating speed and the material fineness was compared and analyzed.The experimental result showed that the kinetic friction coefficient decreased with increasing pressure.Properties of different powder had a great effect on the kinetic friction coefficient.The kinetic friction coefficient of the PTFE was the minimum,and the kinetic friction coefficient of rubber powders increased with increasing particle size.


Imagine a world where government regulation of gasoline, justified by scarcity of supply, allowed 20% of the gasoline in the U.S. to be used for farming; 20% for manufacturing; 20% for home use; 20% for government; and another 20% held in reserve for future potential government uses. In this world, prices would regulate the use of gasoline within each sector, but consumers would pay vastly different prices for, say, farming and residential use.


The courtyard attached to the 15th century towerhouse contained a second residential building, interpreted as hall and chamber, and a kitchen block. Discussion includes history and architectural analysis of the tower and field survey of the surrounding land. Wide range of 17th century artefacts (see also 90/728). A R


Food is anything that comes from biological sources, for example from agricultural, plantation, forestry, fishery and livestock products, both processed and unprocessed which are intended as food or drink for public consumption. The condition of the fulfillment of food for households or the community is reflected in the availability of sufficient food, in quantity, quality, and safe for consumption. In order to achieve food security, food self-sufficiency is needed, namely the ability to provide food from one's own production or independently by utilizing the yard at the household level. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a Sustainable Home Food Area Model (KRPL Model) to optimize the use of yard land which can later meet the food and nutritional needs of the family which in turn will improve the welfare of the community. This activity took place during the implementation of the UTM KKN for the July 2020 period. The activities carried out consisted of introducing the KRPL concept, training, and assistance in managing yards at the household level so that the results of this activity can develop the ability of families and communities economically and socially in meeting needs. food and nutrition in a sustainable manner, leading to a prosperous family and community


Few studies have compared persons in treatment to those not in treatment with regard to perceived stigma. We surveyed soldiers to examine differences in stigma perceptions among those in treatment for substance abuse and/or mental health problems (n = 470) and those not in treatment (n = 966). Analyses revealed that soldiers in treatment perceived greater stigma regarding mental health treatment compared with soldiers not in treatment. These findings support the notion that personnel most in need of treatment perceive greater stigma associated with these services and as a result may be less likely to pursue them. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory, research, and practice.


Vaccines are among most victorious and gainful public health strategies for averting deadly communicable disease. Thus far, most of the accessible immunization programs reached children younger than 5 years which have effectively reduced worldwide infant and child death. Consequently; thousands of adults and hundreds of children still die every year in the earth from vaccinepreventable serious infectious diseases regardless of efficient vaccines against many bacterial and viral illnesses. Adolescent immunization has been comparatively ignored, yielding a quarter of world's inhabitants under-immunized and consequently susceptible to numerous preventable infectious diseases [1].


In a recent judgment, when examining the implications of narcoanalysis tests, the Chief Justice of India, his Lordship Mr K.G. Balakrishnan, declared them to be unconstitutional and a violation of personal liberty. The use of narcoanalysis without informed consent raises important questions about the meaning and scope of fundamental rights that are available to all citizens. While investigative agencies will keep looking for newer and effective methods of interrogation in an ever-changing crime scenario, it is not acceptable if they violate accepted legal and ethical norms. The edifice of modern medicine is based on the notion of a fully informed individual or patient who is an active partner in decisions taken that relate to processes affecting his body, mind and soul. Obtaining fully informed consent is difficult but the attempt should be made and the advantages in doing so should never be underestimated. Objections have been raised when defendants, suspects or witnesses involved in an investigation are subjected to narcoanalysis without their consent. Its importance has been justified in terms of extracting important information, which may prevent future criminal activities, as well as gathering key evidence in circumstances where it is difficult to gather it through ordinary means. Some have relied on certain provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code 1973 in India, and the Indian Evidence Act 1872, to refer back to the responsibilities placed on citizens to fully cooperate with investigative agencies. It has also been argued that narcoanalysis techniques cause no bodily harm and that the information gathered will be used only to shore up the efforts of investigation and will not be admitted as evidence at trial; also that improvements in fact-finding during the investigation process will help to increase the rate of prosecutions and acquittals and that this kind of scientific technique is a "softer" alternative to the regrettable and allegedly widespread use of "third-degree methods"! The US Supreme Court has noted:


between the University of and Imperial College on the use of synchrotron radiation for the observation of atomic absorption spectra new data Radtke's the Abstract In Sn I (7) where the double ionization threshold is well below the d-np spectrum, the single excitations become very diffuse, with no surviving series and no sign of the,normally sharp (8) d-nf transitions. These observations have.been discussed (10) in terms of a possible enhancement of double photoionization by quenching of inner shell excitation, a process resulting from inter-subshell correlations (4,11). Our present experiments do not enable double ionization rates to be measured directly. Recent studies of post-collision interactions for 4d ionization of Xe I (12) independently suggest that 4d-p,f oscillator strength can be transferred to the double photoionization continuum.


Cryptococcal meningitis is commonly seen in patients with very low CD4, indicating WHO stage IV disease in HIV. On the other hand, Herpes zoster is seen in HIV patients with a higher CD4 count indicating a stage II disease. Data regarding cryptococcal and Herpes zoster co-infection in patients with HIV is scarce in literature. We report a case series of HIV positive patients with cryptococcal and Herpes zoster co-infection and discuss the challenges in their management. As per the authors knowledge there has been no previous reports of the same in medical literature in English language.


The article is concerned with an identity concept as a sociocultural process of self-discovery. Analyzing the issue the author concludes that along with knowing oneself as an individual, a person knows oneself as a representative of the particular nation, gets features of the national character, and here the regional identity also takes place as a part of the Russian society, culture, which imposes the Russian identity to become attractive for other people of Russia.


The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of hybrid feature reduction and selection for the efficient classification of Dementia. The availability of an effective method that is more objective than human readers is needed to produce more reliable dementia diagnostic procedures. The proposed scheme consists of several steps including dimensionality reduction, followed by feature selection and classification by Support vector machine. This research paper proposes a embedded feature selection method which improves the classification performance of the support vector machine. The large volumes of features extracted from brain Magnetic Resonance Images and neuropsychological tests may lead to less efficient classification. Hence the hybrid approach which is trained with multiple biomarkers effectively reduced the high dimensional data set and facilitated accurate classification when compared with conventional feature reduction and feature selection techniques. Non-linear Kernel functions of SVM that are varied and compared with reduced data set provided nearly 97% accuracy and 96.5% sensitivity. Features selected by Gain ratio filter improved the performance of the Support Vector Machine classifier when compared with Information gain and Correlation filters.


The SZ effect is a unique tool to study the complex physics of cluster atmospheres because it is sensitive to the specific features of the spectra of the various electronic populations. Multi-frequency (X-ray, optical and radio) observations of galaxy clusters indicate, in fact, that the atmospheres of these cosmic structures consist of a complex structure of thermal (hot and warm) and non-thermal (with different origin and spectra) distribution of electrons (and protons) which is, therefore, far from its modelling as a single, thermal electronic plasma. This evidence requires to go beyond the simple, standard lore of the SZ effect. Such a task is challenging for both the theoretical aspects of their modelling and for the experimental goals to be achieved, but it will return a large amount of physical information by using the SZ effect as a unique tool for astroparticle and cosmology. In such a context, the coming SZ experiments from space (like OLIMPO and SAGACE) will open a new path in the exploration of the SZ effect as a probe for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics. 1. The SZ effect: the standard lore The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (hereafter SZE, Zel'dovich & Sunyaev 1969, Sunyaev & Zel'dovich 1972, 1980) produces distortions of the CMB spectrum by means of the Compton scattering of CMB photons off the energetic electrons which are present in the atmosphere of cosmic structures, like clusters of galaxies and galaxies (see Rephaeli 1995, Birkinshaw 1999, Colafrancesco 2007 for reviews). Such a scattering is proportional to the energy density of the electron population and produces a systematic shift of the CMB photons from the Rayleigh-Jeans (RJ) to the Wien side of the spectrum. In this respect, it is a powerful probe of the physical conditions of electronic plasmas in astrophysical and cosmological context. The standard description of the non-coherent Compton scattering of an isotropic Planckian radiation field by a non-relativistic Maxwellian electron population like the one constituting the hot (with temperature Te ∼ 10-10 K), optically thin (with density ne ∼ 10-10 cm -3 , and size R ∼ Mpc) intracluster (IC) medium can be obtained by means of the solution of the Kompaneets (1957) equation. As such, the origin of the SZE can be considered as a fall-out effect of the cold war: in fact, the Compton scattering Fokker-Planck equation for a population of scattered photons was first derived by A.S. Kompaneets in the early 1950 and then remained classified due to nuclear bomb research until 1956 (see, e.g., Goncharov 1996); it was finally published in 1957 (Kompaneets 1957). In 1969, Ya.B. Zel'dovich and R. Sunyaev (1969) derived the SZ effect applying the Kompaneets equation to the case of the Compton scattering of CMB photons off the thermal population of electrons confined in the potential wells of galaxy clusters, i.e. the intra-cluster medium (ICM). The change in the spectral intensity of the CMB seen in the direction of a galaxy cluster as due to the scattering of CMB photons by a thermal electron distribution can be written as


The rural population constitutes a major segment in india. The livelihood strategies of this vast segment depend primarily on agriculture and allied activities. Growth in this agriculture sector has shown a declining trend during the last one decade. This has made huge impact on the domestic production, employment, etc.. These problem can be tackled to a certain extent by developing entrepreneurship in rural India .this distinctive challenge and opportunities of developing end in rural location, and also provides the necessary suggestion that can be used in this context.


Sequential Multiple-Assignment Randomized Trials (SMARTs) play an increasingly important role in psychological and behavioral health research. This experimental approach enables researchers to answer scientific questions about how to sequence and match interventions to the unique, changing needs of individuals. A variety of sample size planning resources for SMART studies have been developed in recent years; these enable researchers to plan SMARTs for addressing different types of scientific questions. However, relatively limited attention has been given to planning SMARTs with binary (dichotomous) outcomes, which often require higher sample sizes relative to continuous outcomes. Existing resources for estimating sample size requirements for SMARTs with binary outcomes do not consider the potential to improve power by including a baseline measurement and/or multiple repeated outcome measurements. The current paper addresses this issue by providing sample size simulation code and approximate formulas for two-wave repeated measures binary outcomes (i.e., two measurement times for the outcome variable, before and after receiving the intervention). The simulation results agree well with the formulas. We also discuss how to use simulations to calculate power for studies with more than two outcome measurement occasions. The results show that having at least one repeated measurement of the outcome can substantially improve power under certain conditions.


Over the last three decades, the development of restricted domain applications has been an ongoing theme in computational linguistic research. Speech Recognition, Machine Translation, Summarization, and Question Answering researchers have all built at one time or another restricted domain systems. In retrospect, it is long due to examine both the successes and failures of these previous attempts. In this talk, I will examine the circumstances in which the development of restricted domain applications has led to significant advances in the state of the art and the circumstances in which restricted domain research has had little impact on our field. I will use the lessons learned from previous attempts to building restricted domain natural language processing applications in order to examine the potential impact of current research in restricted domain question answering.


Objective For exploring the species,distribution and dynamic of rodents in farm field in Anhui province,and providing the science foundation for rodents control.Methods The specimens and population are inspected by nip capturing method in farm field.Results The predominance species of rodents were Rattus norvegicus,Mus muculas,Apodemus agrarius and Rattus flavipectus in farm field,the ratios are(40.23%),(28.93%),(26.43%),(4.42%),respectively;and Apodemus agrarius,Rattus norvegicus,Mus muculas and Rattus flavipectus in farmland,the ratios are(52.25%),(36.20%),(8.99%),(2.55%),respectively;and Mus muculas,Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectu at residential area,the ratios are(48.86%),(44.26%),(6.28%),respectively.The population of rodents was higher at residential area((4.75%)) than in farmland((3.16%)),and was the lowest in farmland((2.38%)) and at home((3.26%)) in upland area between Changjiang and Huaihe river,but it was the highest at residential area((8.63%)) in the west of Anhui and in farmland((3.57%)) in the mountains area in the south of Anhui.There were two fastigiums that were from March to May in spring and from October to November in fall by the population dynamics of rodents in Anhui province.Conclusion The key times of controlling the rodents are in spring and in fall in farm field.


The invention relates to a method for preparing an Mg-Li alloy by vacuum synchronous thermal reduction, belonging to the novel technical field of preparing magnesium alloy materials. The process course comprises the following steps of: preparing reactants according to stoichiometry of reduction reaction; pulverizing solid reactants and uniformly mixing; pressing the reactant powder into blocks and placing the blocks into a reduction tank, and carrying out thermal reduction reaction at the vacuum degree of 1-20Pa and the temperature of 950-1,500 DEG C; collecting alloy steam generated by reaction; and condensing the alloy steam to obtain an Mg-Li alloy in a condensed state. In the invention, the oxides of metals Mg and Li or a precursor of the oxides are utilized as raw materials, the synchronous reduction of the metals Mg and Li is realized through vacuum thermal reduction to prepare the Mg-Li alloy directly. The alloy preparation process has short route, wide sources of the raw materials, high material utilization rate, favorable economy and manufacturability, high efficiency and energy saving.


【The purpose of this study : 1. The total 56 range measurements of active dynamic motion of 40 subjects (20's and 30's) were measured using 3-D dynamic motion analysis system. 2. Various comparisons were performed for the right and left side, male, age groups (20's, 30's, and 40's ∼ 60's) using previous studies. The results were compared with the other studies in the aspects of age. In this study, the 3-D motion analysis system based on photogrammetry was established and used to analyze the human's motion and posture. The system consists of VICON 140, data acquisition system, and data analysis program (KRISSMAS). The result of this study were as follows : 1. Comparing 20's with 30's the result shows that 30's have larger ROM at some joints, which is inconsistent with the previous result. The reason is that female subjects in 20's were improperly sampled according to the representatives of anthropometry characteristics. 2. There are significant differences in some joints related with age. 20's male subjects have more flexible joints in the neck while 30's male subjects have more flexibility in their shoulder joint and elbow joint. But most of the significances were not high (p〈0.05). The prediction that the right side of Korean bodies would be more flexible was not a good hypothesis. And the joints flexibilities are not correlated with Rohrer's Index.】


Concentrated emulsion polymerization of styrene was carried out at room temperature using diisopropyl benzene hydroperoxide-tetra ethylene pentamine(CHPO-TEPA) redox system as initiators,sodium dodecyl sulfate-cetanol(SDS-CA) as composite surfactants and PVA as liquid film reinforcer.Effects of surfactant,initiator,temperature and monomer volume fraction on polymerization kinetics were discussed in detail.Kinetic equation R p=k 0.36 0.49 0.72 and apparent activation energy E a=19.72 kJ/mol were obtained.Influences of initiator and monomer volume fraction on average size and distribution of particle diameter were presented.Average size of PS latex particles was in the range of 0.1~0.3 μm.Average size of PS latex particles increased along with monomer volume fraction.Distribution of particle diameter was better as monomer volume fraction approached 85%.


The invention discloses a method and a system for playing image files inside a folder, aiming at solving the problems of single playing mode and complex operation of the traditional image file browsing technology. In the method, program codes realizing different playing modes are previously respectively encapsulated into corresponding playing mode modules. The method comprises the following steps of: calling the corresponding playing mode modules according to playing modes selected by users; and playing the image files inside the folder one by one by the called playing mode modules according to the playing mode modules realized by the playing mode modules. The invention can be used for enriching the playing modes of the image files and simplifying the operation of the browsing processes of the image files.


Abstract In the present study, ingots of 'modified 15CDV6' (0·3C–CrMoV) steel were laboratory melted and cast by the vacuum induction melting–electroslag refining (VIM–ESR) and VIM (water cooled steel mould) routes. The ingots have been evaluated for their relative anisotropy differences by ultrasound attenuation (UA) studies along respective radial and axial directions. The expected sources of UA are crystallographic texture and the presence of defects. These defects include inclusions, grain boundaries, segregation and microporosity. Apart from microporosity, the presence of defects has been characterised along the respective casting directions. Although both castings/ingots had gone through successive phase transformations after solidification (liquid→δferrite→austenite→ferrite), the electroslag refined (ESR) material had significantly more anisotropy in crystallographic texture, but insignificant anisotropy in inclusion distribution, as compared with the vacuum induction melted (VIM) material. The grain boundary character distributions and long range compositional fluctuations were similar and nearly isotropic between the two ingots. The ESR material, in general, was denser, which may indicate a lower presence of microporosity. Taking grain size differences into account, the UA estimated anisotropy was more for ESR material, a response clearly dominated by the anisotropy of the crystallographic texture. At a higher frequency, and correspondingly finer resolution for defects, the anisotropy owing to defects played a more dominant role, but even then the highest frequency of 2 MHz was not adequate to highlight a dominance of defect anisotropy.


Strategy and entrepreneurship scholars have long been interested in factors that affect new market emergence and firm entry. However, existing literature provides few insights into the factors that...


Of Beggars, Orphans and Servant Girls: Representations of Poverty in Early Film and Their Contribution to the Establishment of German Cinema is an enlightening and very readable study of the new ma...


Reef fish populations were surveyed at different depths in six sites along the Brazilian coast and one oceanic island. Photosynthetic radiation (which directly influences algal productivity) and hydrodynamism are generally considered major variables that influence reef fish depth distribution. Herbivorous and certain omnivorous that also forage on algae were more abundant in shallow zones. Physical turbulence is strongest within the first 8m and apparently limits fish with certain swimming abilities to deeper areas. Colder water derived from upwelling in deeper parts of the reefs also seems to be limiting many tropical species in the southwestern and south Brazil. Although there are correlations between fish populations and depth, data are insufficient to enable more definitive conclusions to be drawn. Most reef fishes are versatile and distributed widely over the reef, however, some are restricted to a given depth stratum and, hence, may be used to characterize those habitats.


he malignant myeloid diseases discussed in this section are clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells with various underlying molecular basis, different clinical phenotypes and largely differing prognosis. Although younger patients may be affected


Schema matching is the problem of finding relationships among concepts across heterogeneous data sources (heterogeneous in format and structure). Schema matching systems usually exploit lexical and semantic information provided by lexical databases/thesauri to discover intra/inter semantic relationships among schema elements. However, most of them obtain poor performance on real world scenarios due to the significant presence of "non-dictionary words". Non-dictionary words include compound nouns, abbreviations and acronyms. In this paper, we present NORMS (NORMalizer of Schemata), a tool performing schema label normalization to increase the number of comparable labels extracted from schemata1.


To ensure full use of resources, so as to complete multiple projects on schedule, the resource load balancing technology was analyzed. Firstly, three evaluation approaches were presented, including TLRSR (total loading ratio for single resource), TLRRS (total loading ratio for resources set) and TLRRSP total loading ratio for resources set during some periods. Then, according to different types of resource load imbalance, some strategies and methods for balancing resources load were put forward. Finally, the case studies proved these approaches and methods were practical and effective.


The flipped classroom as a modern teaching reforming mode flips the traditional classroom teaching by online and offline flexibility from using the information technology. In essence, the purpose of the flipped classroom is to enhance the quality of teaching in order to promote the development of students. There is a profound analysis of the meaning of the flipped classroom as a popular teaching model in the paper. We analyze the characteristics and the existing problems of the flipped classroom in the new media era. At the same time we gave the development direction of the flipped classroom according with its current problems.


Objective To explore the role of uncoupling proteins(UCP) in resisting diet-induced obesity in rats.Methods Fifty male Sprague-dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into control group and high-fat group and they were fed with basic diet and high-fat diet respectively for 13 weeks.Diet-induced obesity resistance (DIO-R) and diet-induced obesity rats were selected according to their body weight and the quantity of energy intake,then were observed the change of body weight and the level of the UCP mRNA in brown adipose tissue,white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle was determined by RT-PCR.Results The body weight of DIO-R rats were lower than those of DIO rats ( P 0.05) .High fat diets increased the levels of the UCPI mRNA ,UCP2 mRNA and UCP3 mRNA in DIO-R rats.Conclusion Increasing expression of UCP in energy expenditure of DIO-R rats may play an important role,which was a part of cause in resisting obese rat.


This randomized clinical trial investigates the efficacy and safety of dimethyl fumarate vs interferon β-1a for treatment of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.


Ni II(acac) 2∙ NaSt ∙PhOH, с металлолигандом NaSt в качестве L 2.The method proposed by the authors of a modification of the homogeneous catalysts, nickel complexes, with use of the addition of exo ligands – modifiersis for selective catalytic oxidation with molecular oxygen alkylarene to hydroperoxides is discussed. The phenomenon of unusually high catalytic activity of triple complexes NiII(acac)2∙L2∙PhOH, including as activating ligands electron donating ligand L2 and phenol, formed in the selective ethylbenzene oxidation to a phenyl ethyl hydroperoxide, catalyzed with triple system {NiII(acac)2+L2+PhOH}, is examined. The mechanism of action of the triple complexes in the selective oxidation of ethylbenzene is researched. The possibility of formation of stable supramolecular structures based on ternary complexes NiII(acac)2∙NaSt∙PhOH with metalloligandom NaSt as L2 has been investigated with use of the AFM (atomic force microscopy) method.


This paper describes a primatology project using computer assisted learning and interactive multimedia to help students at the University of Toronto (Canada) learn about non-human primates. The purpose of the interactive program is to present the "natural history" of the majority of the 200-plus species of non-human primates in constant association with that species' portrait and a map of its distribution. Nine categories of information are grouped under the major headings of Attributes, Ecology, and Social Behavior. The paper describes the procedures for accessing information in the multimedia package and discusses pedagogical considerations of active learning and image association. The program is intended to be an adjunct to an introductory course, used in conjunction with lecture and other instructional styles with an introduction to research. Still in the experimental stage, this multimed:i.R program has not been formally tested. Costs and expenditures are discussed.. (EH) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** Multimedia in Anthropology: A Guide to the Nonhuman Primates.


Presentation of Case First admission. A fifty-two-year-old woman entered the hospital because of pain in the chest. She had felt well until two months previously, when there was the onset of episodes of bandlike tightness in the precordial region, with radiation of pain to the upper portions of the arms. The attacks were accompanied by belching, occurred with increasing frequency and persisted for several hours. Three weeks before admission the stools were black for several days, but there was no passage of fresh blood or hematemesis. During the three days before entry she vomited on several occasions. At the . . .


Summary Mobilization into peripheral blood of bone marrow-derived cells including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), is regulated by chemokines/cytokines. These cells can contribute to the formation of new blood vessels (vasculogenesis) under pathological conditions including atherosclerosis, wound healing and tumor growth. We will review how these cells are mobilized into circulation, and supplied to the sites, where vessel formation is needed (i.e. ischemic tissue or tumor bed).We will give evidence that matrix metalloproteinase-9 mediated Kit ligand (Stem cell factor) processing is essential for cell mobilization induced by chemo-/cyto-kines, like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Placental growth factor (PlGF), stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1). These studies may provide the basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies for vascular diseases through targeting kit ligand mediated mobilization and homing of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells for cell therapy and cancer therapy. This publication was partially financed by Serono Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science. Financial support: This work was supported by a grant from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (B.H.) and by funds from the National Institutes of Health (CA 72006 and AR46238 to ZW). Part of this paper was originally presented at the 2nd International Workshop on New Therapeutic Targets in Vascular Biology from February 6-9, 2003 in Geneva, Switzerland.


Since the reform and opening up,the socialist civic education research has made great achievements.Viewed from the values of civic education,the majority of China's scholars can hold firmly the value of Marxism and the development direction of socialism civic education.From the perspective of civic education,China's socialism civic education of the whole of our socialist is composed of theoretical exploration and practical exploration.The development of socialism civic education system with Chinese characteristics should stick to the direction of social development,emphasize the development of civic awareness and pay attention to the combination of Chinese traditional culture.


In this paper, the method to build DEM using multi input terrain vectorized data is described, which uses finite element algorithms and radiation looking judged algorithms, And the components and their functions of 'DEM generation system' are introduced.


Our industry is in a state of transition as the result of the confluence of two trends - the first, technology driven, the second, market driven: 1. CMOS scaling is coming to an end! This is encouraging "multi-dimensional innovations" in circuits and systems enabled by various scaling trends (exponential and nonlinear) in CMOS device engineering for analog circuits, new materials such as III–V, timing references, high-performance SiGe devices, integrated sensors, and Si photonics. 2. Electronics is a critical element in many product areas: automotive, industrial, and medical. In all of these, there is rapid growth in both volume and sophistication. Demand for these products will result in an industry where a very large number of semiconductor devices is provided to a large number of customers using differentiated manufacturing technologies.


This article describes a study to understand how suitable the Learning by Developing (LbD) action model used in Laurea University of Applied Sciences (Laurea) is as a teaching and learning method for computing students. The study also aims to obtain computing students' perception on the development of competencies in different areas and students, lecturers and customers' common experiences about the LbD. The purpose of the study is also to utilize the research results in the development of the LbD action model. Both staff and student perceptions of this action model are found to be positive.


The authors have created an original reading device that consists of photoelectric system for reading printed information from the media and a computer, carrying out the process of the recognition of printed characters of different fonts and other similar characters. Developed reading device has a high speed and capable of a high degree of reliability to process printed information. Using photomultiplier system information printed sign with the media comes in a storage device of the computer. The computer created by the authors of the program bypasses, starting from the end point, the path of the printing sign, locking the main directions formed by the circuit elements. This is a major transformation of the character image, the elimination of possible defects in the image and the process of recognition of the mark in relation to other characters. The article discusses the construction of the photoelectric reading systems and algorithm developed computer programs. The emphasis in the paper is made on improvements in the reading device in order to secure recognition by computer printed information. The authors proposed a formula for estimating the reliability of the recognition of printed characters, taking into account the probability of occurrence of characters in the text. Was selected as the optimal matrix consisting of a certain number of cells of the storage device of the computer, which stores the image elements of the sign.


1,10-Phenanthroline-functionalized polyaryletherketone (PPEK) was synthesized by the amidation reaction of 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline with polyaryletherketone containing pendant acyl chloride groups. Subsequently, a series of novel rare earth coordination polymers (with rare earths Eu3+, Tb3+, Sm3+ and Dy3+) were prepared, using PPEK as macromolecular ligand and the small 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) molecule as synergistic ligand. Their structures were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction, which confirmed that both PPEK and Phen participated in the coordination reaction with the rare earth ions, and that the rare earth ions could disperse homogeneously in the polymer matrix. The rare earth coordination polymers were soluble in polar solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, and could be easily cast into transparent tough thin films. Fluorescence measurements indicated that all the coordination polymers exhibited the intense characteristic fluorescence of the corresponding rare earth ions under ultraviolet excitation, showing their application potential in optical display devices. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry


In this case report, we present a-75-year-old female case of primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) with distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) as revealed by severe hypokalemia along with normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and abnormally acidified urine. The patient had a brain stem lesion as confirmed by quadriplegia, hypersomnia, and dysphagia. Laboratory tests revealed that the anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies were positive. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a hyperintense signal at T1 and T2 in the mid-pons, a typical characteristic of central pontine myelinolysis.


Abstract. The research is devoted to the development of compositions of modified fiber concrete of rigid road pavements with high strength and frost resistance through the use of metakaolin and a polycarboxylate type superplasticizer. The compressive strength, tensile strength under bending and frost resistance of concrete and fiber concrete of rigid road pavements were investigated according to the 4-factor optimal plan. In the experiment the amount of concrete components varied: Portland cement, polypropylene fibers, metakaolin, the polycarboxylate type additives Coral ExpertSuid-5. All mixtures had equal mobility P2 and their W/C depended on the composition of concrete. The use of polypropylene fiber and metakaolin necessitates an increase of W/C to maintain the mobility of the mixture. Increasing the amount of Coral ExpertSuid-5 additive in concrete to 0.9-1% allows to reduce significantly W/C of the mixture. Metakaolin as an active mineral additive increases the compressive strength and tensile strength of concrete. Rational in terms of increasing strength is the amount of metakaolin at the level of 20..22 kg/m3. With an increase in the amount of Coral ExpertSuid-5 additive to 0.9..1% due to a decrease of W/C, the compressive strength of concrete increases by 5..7 MPa, and the tensile strength increases by about 0.5 MPa. Due to the introduction of polypropylene fiber, the tensile strength of concrete in bending increases by 0.6..0.9 MPa. But dispersed reinforcement does not affect the compressive strength of concrete. The developed fiber concrete using a rational amount of modifiers, depending on the amount of Portland cement in the composition, has a compressive strength from 55 MPa to 70 MPa and tensile strength from 8 MPa to 9.5 MPa. The high strength of fiber-reinforced concretes allows their use in road pavements with the highest load. Frost resistance of concrete increases by 50 cycles or more when using fiber in an amount of 1.5-2 kg/m3. Due to the use of a rational amount of modifiers (0.8-1% Coral ExpertSuid-5 additive and 15-20 kg/m3 metakaolin), frost resistance of concrete and fiber concrete increases by 50-100 cycles. The developed modified fiber concretes of rigid road pavements depending on the amount of Portland cement in the composition have frost resistance from F350 to F450, which ensures their sufficient durability.


We are exposed to more and more 3D videos, some for entertainment and some for scientific research. Some experiments using 3D video as a stimulus focus only on its visual effect. We studied the cognitive difference between 3D and 2D videos by analyzing EEG. This research adopts a 2 x 4 experimental design, including 2D and 3D versions of 4 video scenes. These four video scenes can be classified into two simple task scenes and two complex task scenes. The simple task scenario and the complex task scenario each contain a video with violent content changes and a calm video. Subjects need to watch eight videos. We recorded the EEG information of the subjects and analyzed the power of alpha and theta oscillations. On this basis, we calculated the cognitive load index (CLI), which can be used as an indicator of cognitive load. The results showed that 3D videos that required subjects to perform simple tasks brought higher cognitive load to most subjects. When the video contains complex tasks, the cognitive load of subjects does not show similar regularity. Specifically, only half of the people had higher cognitive load when watching the 3D version of the video than when watching the 2D version. In addition, the cognitive load level of subjects showed significant individual differences


The reaction of bismuth(III) chloride with [PhCH(2)NMe(3)](2)[Fe(CO)(4)] at a ratio of 2:1 in acetonitrile yields the iron carbonyl-bismuth chloride adduct [PhCH(2)NMe(3)](2)[Bi(2)Cl(4)(&mgr;-Cl)(2){&mgr;-Fe(CO)(4)}] cleanly in high yield. The complex consists of two BiCl(3) groups bridged by an [Fe(CO)(4)](2)(-) unit. Two chloride ligands are shared between the Bi atoms, producing square-pyramidal coordination at bismuth and octahedral coordination at the iron center. The production of this complex represents the synthesis of a stable adduct of a highly nucleophilic metal carbonyl anion with a strongly Lewis acidic main group halide. The compound C(24)H(32)N(2)O(4)Bi(2)Cl(6)Fe crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pba2 (No. 32) with cell parameters a = 14.624(3) Å, b = 17.010(3) Å, c = 7.1990(10) Å, V = 1790.8(5) Å(3), and Z = 2.


The advances in the field of vascular and endovascular surgery have allowed the expansion of treatment options and revascularization procedures for the clinical manifestations of rheumatological diseases that comprise vascular territories. For instance, Takayasu's arteritis might present with stenosis at different levels that require interventions in the affected vessels by the inflammatory process. On the other hand, the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is associated with arterial and venous thromboses and demands complex and prompts interventions to avoid complications. This review article focuses and analyzes the clinical vascular manifestations of rheumatological diseases, the pathophysiology, and the treatment options that have demonstrated promising clinical outcomes in the third-level care institutions.


Significance It is currently thought that the transduction of bitter, sweet, and umami stimuli in taste cells depends on G protein-coupled receptor signaling with transient receptor potential melastatin 5 (TRPM5) acting as a common downstream component. However, in the absence of TRPM5, mice have a reduced, but not abolished, ability to detect these stimuli, suggesting that a TRPM5-independent pathway also contributes to taste transduction. Here, we identify a critical role for the TRPM4 channel in the detection of these taste qualities. Deletion of either TRPM4 or TRPM5 impairs sensitivity to bitter, sweet, and umami stimuli, and loss of both TRPM4 and TRPM5 abolishes taste responses to these stimuli. Our results show that both TRPM4 and TRPM5 are required and sufficient for the transduction of bitter, sweet, and umami stimuli. Peripheral taste receptor cells use multiple signaling pathways to transduce taste stimuli into output signals that are sent to the brain. Transient receptor potential melastatin 5 (TRPM5), a sodium-selective TRP channel, functions as a common downstream component in sweet, bitter, and umami signaling pathways. In the absence of TRPM5, mice have a reduced, but not abolished, ability to detect stimuli, suggesting that a TRPM5-independent pathway also contributes to these signals. Here, we identify a critical role for the sodium-selective TRP channel TRPM4 in taste transduction. Using live cell imaging and behavioral studies in KO mice, we show that TRPM4 and TRPM5 are both involved in taste-evoked signaling. Loss of either channel significantly impairs taste, and loss of both channels completely abolishes the ability to detect bitter, sweet, or umami stimuli. Thus, both TRPM4 and TRPM5 are required for transduction of taste stimuli.


octreotate has been used for cancer diagnosis and therapy because of its high affinity to somatostatin subtype receptors sstr2 and sstr5. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytogenetic effect of radio-labelled octreotate in blood cells in vitro, using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Blood samples of healthy donors were exposed to different activities of octreotate labelled with 131I (n = 3) and 177Lu (n = 3), where radioactive concentration ranged from 600 to 5600 kBq/mL. The cells were cultivated according to criteria adopted by the IAEA (Vienna). The results showed a positive correlation between radioactive concentrations (X) and the frequency of binucleated cells with micronuclei (Y) (P 0.05). The linear equations were similar: for the 131I labelled, Y = (1.634 ? 0.236) = (0.912 ? 0.137) 10?3 X and for the 177Lu labelled, Y = (1.715 ? 0.342) = (0.743 ? 0.135) 10?3 X.


The public and property risks associated with dam failures are very high, due to the location of settlements in areas of potential flooding, as well as the construction of new dams in less than ideal areas (in far from ideal territories).
Due to the variety of risks that threaten dam structures and their surroundings, it is necessary to identify the possible causes and consequences of dam failure, and then develop a program to improve its safety. The monitoring of dam behavior/performance needs to start from the first days of construction and continue throughout the life cycle.
The conducted study suggests a scientific methodology for the preparation of annual dam passports, which should contain all the data and information obtained from the date of the dam's creation until the issuance of the passport. The study also makes recommendations on the types of data and information that should be included in the dam passport, which will enable workers and experts in the field of dam life cycle monitoring, as well as responsible persons, to take the necessary measures and proactively resolve any problems that exist or may occur.


Firstly,the band-gap property of one-dimensional PC in the form of(AB)6A(BA)6 is studied.Then medium A in the middle is instead by activity medium C and put into the PC(AB)6A(BA)6.How thickness and refractive index of the defect medium C affect the PC band-gap is studied by numerical simulation.The result reveals that this type of PC containing activity medium has some new properties.Transmitted narrow-bands,whose transmittivity is more than 1,are presented in the original forbidden band.The number and transmittivity of the narrow-bands could be adjusted by changing related parameters of medium C.This phenomenon could be explained by Bragg scattering and Fabry-Perot resonating.


HIS STUDY was carried out to isolate and identify some plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The optimum incubation condition, i.e. temperature and fermentation period, for plant growth regulators (PGRs) production were limited. Obtained data revealed that rhizosphere of cereal crops showed higher PGPR isolates compared to rhizosphere of other crops. Among the examined isolates, fifteen were highly efficient for auxins production. The most potent isolates for indoles production were chosen and these isolates were identified as Azotobacter chroococcum (R19) and Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum (R44). The optimum incubation temperature for highest production of auxins, gibberellic acid (GA3) and cytokinins were 32 and 30°C for A. chroococcum and B. megaterium var. phosphaticum , respectively. In addition, the highest production of these phytohormones were obtained by the two strains after four and two days fermentation period, respectively.


Fast and accurate location of faults on long transmission lines is essential for modern grid. In this paper, a double-ended traveling wave fault location system based on FPGA and DSP is designed as a plugin to be integrated into the protection relays. Traveling wave signal is captured from the existing sampling circuit of the protection relays and fault location is achieved using wavelet transformation. Simulation data generated by RTDS simulator is used to verify the performance of the system. The results show that the system can locate the fault accurately.


Despite its provision of sustained, targeted, job-embedded professional development to teachers, instructional coaching, which school districts across the United States have introduced in efforts to midwife instructional improvement, has occasionally suffered the same fate as countless other attempts at school reform. While programs of instructional coaching have endured and become institutionalized in many districts, they have been discontinued in others. Additionally, while the literature reports that instructional coaching in this country originated, and has remained popular, in urban school districts, it is all-but-silent about programs in suburban settings. The present, qualitative research study examined three suburban school districts in efforts to answer the following research question: How do suburban school districts' unique contexts impact the implementation, maintenance, and success of their instructional coaching programs? Case studies of three suburban school districts in Massachusetts were assembled from data collected during semi-structured interviews with twenty-two educators from across the three districts. Resulting data were analyzed across cases through the lens of complexity science, in order that the three school districts, and their programs of instructional coaching, could be explored – if not completely understood – in all their complexity. This investigation found that, while the roll-out of a district's instructional coaching program need not have been a grand event, it was nevertheless essential for faculty members to understand the rationale for the establishment of the program and the role to be played by their schools' coaches. It confirmed assertions in the existing