Finite element analysis have been carried out in order to study the mechanical properties of the joints between elevated columns and truss column in substation frame. Firstly, the numerical results and the experimental ones were compared to verify the efficiency of the FEM model. Then, the whole process of elastic-plastic analysis was carried out to the prototype structure. The results show that when the bottom of the elevated column was yielding, the stress of the stiffeners at the joint is small, which can meet the design principle of "strong joint - weak member" criterion. Furthermore, when the structure enters into the elastic-plastic stage, the stress in the upper stiffeners at the horizontal load direction is large and most of them yield, but the stress in the plane gusset plate of the joint is still small.


Two shocklike structures (i.e., abrupt steplike increases in number density, bulk speed, and proton temperature) were found in the data from Mariner 5 at 0.98 AU on June 26 and at 0.85 AU on August 29, 1967. The thickness of these 'structures' determined from the magnetic field data was more than 1,000 proton Larmor radii. They were also observed by Explorer 33, 34, and 35 at 1 AU, where the thicknesses were much smaller than in the Mariner 5 data. It is suggested that these two structures were nonlinear magnetoacoustic waves that were in the processes of steepening. It is further suggested that shocks would be formed just beyond 1 AU. These structures were not associated with corotating streams, but they could be associated with impressive solar events in which a flare was followed by type 2 and type 4 radio emission and a rare chromospheric wave.


A new 50 kVA AC drive experimental platform,of which the performance and the correlative structure of main circuit and control circuit are presented,has ability of energy feedback and notable effect of energy saving.It has all kinds of perfect protections and powerful ability of calculation.It can meet requirements of control strategy and experiments of AC drive system.


The determination of optimum reaction temperature and time for biodiesel yield from Coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil was studied. The oil was transesterified using potassium hydroxide (KOH) in methanol as catalyst to obtain the crude biodiesel. For the reaction time, the biodiesel production was carried out at 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 75 min and 90 min while their temperature (60oC), oil to alcohol ratio (6:1) and catalyst concentration (0.65%) were kept constant. For the reaction temperature, the reaction was carried out at 45oC, 50oC, 55oC, 60oC and 65oC, while their reaction time (60 min), oil to alcohol ratio (6:1) and catalyst concentration (0.65%) were kept constant. The crude biodiesel were purified by washing with water severally to obtain the relatively pure biodiesel. They were dried using solar dryer for a period of four (4) days to obtain moisture-free pure biodiesel. They were subsequently analyzed for various parameters; Kinematic viscosity, acid value, free fatty acid (FFA), specific gravity, iodine value, ash value and flash point. The different Original Research Article International Research Journal of Pure & Applied Chemistry, 4(1): 108-117, 2014 109 variants gave results of the parameters analyzed comparable to International standards of biodiesel (ASTM) methods. The results of the study showed that for the reaction time, the optimum yield was obtained at 45 min giving a biodiesel yield (after purification) of 88% while for the reaction temperature, the optimum yield was obtained at 45oC with a biodiesel yield of 87.4%. General results obtained showed that the optimum yield of biodiesel obtainable from Coconut oil when transesterified using KOH/methanol is about 88%. Overall results indicate that Coconut oil can serve as a veritable feedstock for biodiesel production.


1. Following unilateral removal of the cervical sympathetic ganglion of new‐bom and young animals, we found that the periventricular fiber system at the hypothalamic level as well as the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus at the level of the midbrain showed marked degeneration homolaterally.


Laser experiments are widely used to investigate excitation of Rayleigh-Taylor modes, which are of great importance for astrophysical applications. Measured growth rates are normally compared with either the sharp interface or the smooth gradient model. In the present paper an analytical solution is obtained that is valid for arbitrary density gradient scale L. It is a further development of the Mikaelian & Lindl model. New explicit presentation ω(k) is found which describes all discrete modes at all transverse wavenumbers k with one parametric expression. A critical value of kL is shown to exist when two independent solutions for the fastest growing main mode become degenerate, in this case the growth rate is calculated exactly. The focus is on astrophysical applications when boundary conditions are at infinity. The case of rigid walls is also considered to study the interrelation with the Chandrasekhar model. Results are supposed to be used for nonlinear RT treatment to analyze mixing in supernovae and otherRT-driven objects.


Astrophysics is a social enterprise exemplified here by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) which completed its fieldwork in 2019 after 16 years of preparation and observation, while data analysis continues. Society funds astrophysics on a grand scale. For human capital and for governance the discipline draws on a self-governing"republic of science", while the funds were provided by philanthropists in the past, and by governments today. The benefits accrue initially to scientists themselves, in the form of a rewarding vocation. For the social benefit it is tempting to apply formal cost benefit analysis, but that approach ignores the option value of science and imposes questionable assumptions from welfare economics. Astrophysics generates some useful spinoffs, offers attractive careers, appeals to the popular imagination, speaks to metaphysical cravings and constitutes a good in itself. The rise of AI also suggests a role in exploring future habitats for intelligence and cognition.


Linear accelerators (Linac) are used in radiation therapy treatment and its technology improvement ensures high dosimetry quality that should be conserved for high radiotherapy efficiency. However, does the air gap between the exit window of Linac head and patient's skin alters the physical properties of the photon beam? The objective of this study is to assess the physical properties changes of photon beam fluence according to air gap thickness under the Linac head. The air gap under the Linac head is the last material in the photon beam path; it induces alterations in the beam quality before reaching the patient's skin. The Varian Clinac 2100 head and the air gap up to the phantom surface are modelled using Monte Carlo BEAMnrc code; the nominal beam energy is 6 MV. The BEAMDP code is used to extract the photon fluence. The photon beam fluence is affected by the air gap under Linac head and decreases by six times due to the photon beam attenuation with air gap thickness; in addition to increasing of beam contamination by scattered photons and electrons. Thus, the air gap induces the beam quality deterioration which is evaluated in terms of photon fluence with air gap thickness. To remove the particles contaminations and conserve integrally the photon beam quality, the number of the photon interactions with air atoms should be as low as possible under Linac head up to patient's skin and ensure a higher quality of the radiotherapy treatment of deep tumour.


Editorial Note Introduction 1. Conrad, Women, and the Critics 2. Woman as Hero: Conrad and the Polish Romantic Tradition 3. Conrad and Marguerite Poradowska 4. Chance: 'a fine adventure' 5. The Three Texts of Chance 6. Marketing for Women Readers 7. Visuality and Gender in Late Conrad 8. Suspense and the Novel of Sensation Conclusion Bibliography Index


Drawing flow value must be a repetitive process in which we all steps including the ordering process to delivery process.Through a new value will map flows exploit opportunities for improvement identified in the current map. We will use FIFO and HEIJUNKA method for determining the time of receipt of order to dispatch them. Even if you do not purchase new technology that was moving towards standardization, we can optimize the new procedures appeared in the literature are known internationally but still in the early stdiul for some companies in Romania. Depending on the decisions of change processes chessboard will look different, definitely better on the money and time. In the following we talk about the logistics systems that are currently in a company that produces bakery- Vel Pitar and another company EcoPaper SA is a company specialized in producing paper for corrugated cardboard, using as raw material 100% waste paper and cardboard, thus contributing to environmental protection.


In Denmark winter temperature of the wastewater is typically 5-10°C, and ammonia concentrations below 1-4 mg/l are normal discharge limits under these conditions. Special attention is needed in design and operation of treatment plants in order to fulfill such limits. Based on a simple energy balance a steady-state temperature model is developed and verified at full scale treatment plants. The model enables a good estimate of expected winter temperatures in the design phase. Deep tanks and good protection against wind exposure are shown to be attractive means to avoid a too low process temperature during winter periods. Successful winter nitrification can be obtained if the plant operator is supplied with tools to identify arising problems. A procedure to predict if the actual plant nitrification capacity is approaching the necessary capacity based on the load is described and tested.


AIM: To observe the efficacy of intraperitoneal dialysis solution through retention enema in chronic renal insufficiency of elderly patients. METHODS: Thirteen elderly patients with chronic renal insufficiency (M 6, F 7; age 75±s 7 a) were treated by acetate type of intraperitoneal dialysis solution 200 mL as retention enema for 20_30 min, qd. The concentration of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine were examined on d 3, 10, and 20. RESULTS: All patients showed improvements starting on d 3 with increased urine output; and on d 10 the BUN and SCr in 5 patients approached normal, another 8 patients showed improvement (P0.01). CONCLUSION: Short_term clinical results of retention enema with intraperitoneal dialysis solution is effective for elderly patients in chronic renal insufficiency.


In wireless networks, propagation models are used to assess the received power signal and estimate the propagation channel. These models depend on the pathloss exponent (PLE) which is one of the main parameters to characterize the propagation environment. Indeed, in the wireless channel, the path loss exponent has a strong impact on the quality of the links and must therefore be estimated with precision for an efficient design and operation of the wireless network. This paper addresses the issue of path loss exponents estimation for mobile networks in four outdoor environments. This study is based on measurements carried out in four outdoor environments at the frequency of 2600 MHz within a bandwidth of 70 MHz. It evaluates the path loss exponent, and the impact of obstacles present in the environments. The parameters of the propagation model determined from the measurements show that the average power of the received signal decreases logarithmically with the distance. We obtained path loss exponents values of 4.8, 3.53, 3.6 and 3.99 for the site 1, site 2, site 3 and site 4, respectively. Clearly the density of the obstacles has an impact on the path loss exponents and our study shows that the received signal decrease faster as the transmitter and receiver separation in the dense environments.


Four varieties of water melon, exhibiting highly susceptible to highly resistant response to powdery mildew, were investigated for the role of wax content, stomata number, stomata size, and thickness of palisade and spongy tissues in resistance to powdery mildew. The results revealed: (1) wax content of the resistant varieties was remarkably higher than in the susceptible varieties; (2) stomata on the upper surface of leaves in the resistant varieties was significantly dense than in the susceptible ones, but stomata size in the resistant varieties was just the opposite; and (3) the layer of spongy tissue in the resistant varieties was thicker than that in the susceptible genotypes, but the layer of palisade tissue was thinner in the resistant genotypes compared to the susceptible ones. Wax content, stomata number, stomata size, and thickness of palisade and spongy tissues could serve as a reliable indicator of resistance to powdery mildew in melon.


Student understanding of choices and design decisions about instruction formats, addressing, instruction types, and flow of control is developed through the assembly level. We propose the Java Virt...


A Mur type analytical absorbing boundary condition (A-ABC), which is based on the one-dimensional one-way wave equation, is proposed for multidimensional wave analysis by introducing the directional splitting technique. This new absorbing boundary condition is expansion of the first-order Mur. The absorbing ability, required memory, and calculation speed of the Mur type A-ABC are evaluated by comparison with those of conventional ABCs. The result indicated that absorbing ability of the proposed ABC is higher than the first-order Mur and lower than the second-order Mur at large incident angle. While, our proposed ABC has advantage in both required memory and calculation speed by comparison with the second-order Mur. Thus, effectivity of the proposed Mur type A-ABC is shown.


Nowadays, cities are key to meet sustainability objectives in the European Union. Almost 75% of European habitants live in cities and the majority of cities authorities have committed to increase energy efficiency by improving buildings, equipment and facilities' performance. Actually, about 35% of the EU's buildings are over 50 years old and by improving the energy efficiency of buildings, the total EU energy consumption can be reduced by 5% to 6% and lower CO2 emissions by about 5%. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to present an online web tool, for improving the energy performance of existing buildings in Greece based on the actual energy use. The application is able to collect real energy consumption data and provide, with a user friendly way, a toolset which calculates energy savings from a list of improvement scenarios. The online software calculates automatically the economic viability of the chosen actions. The web tool has been tested in different buildings in Greece and it is developed using open source software and programming languages such as PHP and MySQL. The application has been developed by the Decision Support Systems Laboratory (DSS), of the School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA). The web tool has been used from the students of NTUA for the academic year 2014-2015, resulting in a number of completed case studies. The main outcomes from the 1st year of the web tool's real life application are summarised in the paper, offering useful results about the energy building capacity in the capital of Greece.


In present research effect on input parameters such as injection pressure and load on the performance of single cylinder diesel engine fueled with coconut biodiesel and also its blend. The number of test are carried out with three different injection pressure (160, 200, 240 bar), load (1, 6, 11) and blend (100%, 50%, 0%). In this study research is completed by use of Response Surface Methodology to optimize the performance parameter such as specific fuel consumption (SFC) and brake thermal efficiency (BThEff). A set of experimental runs was established using a Central Composite Design (CCD) and the response surface method was employed to obtain the regression model for the brake thermal efficiency for different values of input parameter. The experimental results reveal that the coconut biodiesel and its blend provide better engine performance and improve brake thermal efficiency(BThEff) compared to diesel with little change in input parameter.


This volume is dedicated to Tsuyoshi Ando, a- foremost expert in operator theory, matrix theory, complex analysis, and their applications, on the occasion of his 60th birthday. The book opens with his biography and list of publications. It contains a selection of papers covering a broad spectrum of topics ranging from abstract operator theory to various concrete problems and applications. The majority of the papers deal with topics in modern operator theory and its applications. This volume also contains papers on interpolation and completion problems, factorisation problems and problems connected with complex analysis. The book will appeal to a wide audience of pure and applied mathematicians.


A quantum chemistry calculation was carried out to study the mechanism of 5′-pTpTpCp-3′ cleavage by the L/D-Ser-Hism.The effective molecular recognition between L/D-Ser-Hism and DNA through multi-hydrogen-bonds and the corresponding structural parameters were obtained.The results could be used to explain the mechanism of DNA cleavage by L/D-Ser-Hism.


This paper presents a development of a reseat module which is included in a fast and accurate touch trigger probe for coordinate measuring machines (CMM). In general, the reseat module absorbs contact force for safety and repositions the probe stylus. A "six-point-contact-reseat-mechanism" is conventionally used as the reseat mechanism. The elastic deformation of the six contact points varies according to the stylus touchback motion, and a dispersion of the elastic deformation brings the dispersion of the reseat position. The dispersion of the conventional reseat position is shown theoretically and experimentally. Both dispersions reach 1μm order in the conventional one. A new reseat mechanism installed radially three piezo-elements improves the dispersion by resetting the elastic deformation. This structure is called High Reseatabilty Mechanism (HRM). The dispersion is improved a 0.2 μm order after the HRM operation.


Traffic accident reconstruction has been defined as the effort to determine, from whatever evidence is available, how an accident happened. Traffic accident reconstruction can be treated as a problem in uncertain reasoning about a particular event, and developments in modeling uncertain reasoning for artificial intelligence can be applied to this problem. Physical principles can usually be used to develop a structural model of the accident and this model, together with an expert assessment of prior uncertainty regarding the accident`s initial conditions, can be represented as a Bayesian network. Posterior probabilities for the accident's initial conditions, given evidence collected at the accident scene, can then be computed by updating the Bayesian network. Using a possible worlds semantics, truth conditions for counterfactual claims about the accident can be defined and used to rigorously implement a 'but for' test of whether or not a speed limit violation could be considered a cause of an accident. The logic of this approach is illustrated for a simplified version of a vehicle/pedestrian accident, and then the approach is applied to four actual accidents.


This paper introduces the concept of the agricultural informatization and the developing situation of domestic and foreign agricultural informatization,points out the problems existing in Chinese agricultural informatization development at present,and introduces the key development fields of Chinese agricultural informatization.


Movement disorders are frequent mimickers of more severe neurological presentations, whenever it is diagnosed one should suspect a central nervous system infection as an underlying cause. A 11 year old girl presented in casuality with intermittent generalised muscle spasm, clear sensorium, trismus and risus sardonicus. Initially managed as a case of tetanus, rapid resolution of spasms made suspicion of encephalitis as underlying cause of dystonia which mimicked tetanus. Blood investigation and CSF analysis were normal. CECT brain showed hyper dense lesions bilateral temporal lobes suggestive of viral encephalitis. Child was managed with intravenous acyclovir and dexamethasone after which child improved considerably. Acute dystonia is a close mimicker of tetanus. Any patient presenting with new onset movement disorder should be investigated for central nervous system infection even though it has been reported as a rare cause for the same.


Reciprocal chromosome translocations are important for locating genes to linkage groups (LGs). Identifying the chromosomes involved in translocations is necessary for the isolation of tester sets. Our objectives were (i) to determine the location of translocation breakpoints by testing linkage with loci of Classical Linkage Group (CLG) 6 (Df 2 and Y 11 ), CLG 8 (Adh 1 , Ms 1 , Wm, Ms 6 , St 5 , W 1 , and Y 23 ), and other CLGs, and (ii) to confirm the orientation of these nine marker loci. The 'KS172-11-3', 'KS175-7-3', 'Clark T/T', 'KS171-31-2', PI 189866, and 'L75-0283-4' soybean lines with homozygous chromosome translocations were crossed to the same genetic marker types. F 2 seed was increased at the University of Puerto Rico/Iowa State University soybean nursery near Isabela, PR. Data for the different characters used as marker traits were collected from F 2 populations and F 2β families. Recombination values revealed linkage between the breakpoints in KS172-11-3, KS175-7-3, and Clark T/T, with Df 2 , Y 11 , and several loci of CLG 8. Interestingly, these three translocations had a common breakpoint between Y 11 and Ms 1 , but no linkage was identified between these loci and the breakpoints in KS171-31-2, PI 189866, and L75-0283-4. Our data further showed that CLGs 6 and 8 are the same LG, with Df 2 and Adh 1 at the ends of the chromosome segment. KS172-11-3, KS175-7-3, and Clark T/T share a common translocated chromosome which is different from that in KS171-31-2, PI 189866, and L75-0283-4. This information will facilitate the assignment of CLGs and the isolation of a tester set of translocations, and enhance genetic linkage mapping.


Thank you for giving us a chance to re-submit a revised version of our manuscript entitled "Identification of biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by comprehensive analysis of exosomal mRNAs in human cerebrospinal fluid." to BMC Medical Genomics for further consideration. We also appreciate the time and effort you and each of the reviewers have dedicated to providing insightful feedback on ways to empower our paper. We have incorporated changes or explanations in the manuscript to reflect the detailed suggestions you have kindly provided. We also hope that our edits and the responses we provide below satisfactorily address all the issues and concerns you and the reviewers have noted. To facilitate your review of our revisions, the followings are point-by-point responses to the questions and comments.


Abstract Reducing the generation turnover increases the genetic gain in a breeding programme. Topgrafting, new genetic material being grafted into the crown of ramets of reproductive mature trees, can deliver this aim since it is able to induce strobili production in young material of conifers. To this end, I studied the effect of scion age (seedlings of 4–6 years from seed) on topgraft vitality/survival, and female and male strobili production in Pinus sylvestris (L.) over 5 years. The seedlings' growing environment prior to topgrafting had a significant impact on topgraft vitality, with more vital topgrafts obtained from potted seedlings than from seedlings grown in raised nursery beds. However, the growth environment had no clear effect on female or male strobili production. In the second year, after grafting up to 76% of the topgrafted seedlings had female strobili. Vitality increased with age of the seedling from which the scions were collected, but differences in both female and male strobili production were only marginal. The position of the topgraft within the interstock crown influenced both vitality and strobili production, with higher vitality and greater male strobili production in low positions and greater female strobili production in high positions. Based on these results, breeders should perform topgrafting as soon as the seedlings have enough scions for planned crossing activities.


The thermolysis of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3,4-diphenylhexane was carried out at temperatures above 300 {degrees}C in the absence and presence of D{sub 2}(14 MPa). The presence of D{sub 2} results in a greatly increased yield of the major product, neopentylbenzene. However, at higher concentrations of starting material, up to 50% of the neopentylbenzene formed avoids deuterium incorporation, an outcome believed to result partly from participation of the phenylneopentyl radical in radical disproportionation reactions. The meso-isomer of starting material produces a substantial yield of stilbene in both the absence and presence of D{sub 2}. Under D{sub 2}, 1,2-diphenylethane is produced, and it is believed that stilbene and other alkenes present serve as D atom traps producing radicals which then participate in termination by disproportionation. Remarkably, the d,l-diastereomer gives a different product distribution than the meso-isomer, giving very little stilbene or other products of tertbutyl group loss. However, both systems produce 1-phenyl-2-methyl-2-propene by methyl radical loss form the phenylneopentyl radical. The formation of such alkenes and the path to termination they provide is blamed for the absence of efficient kinetic chains involving D atoms. 1 fig., 6 tabs.


Objective
To investigate whether the presence of infection in a case series with coma would predict sepsis associated encephalopathy(SAE).

Methods
From Jan 2013 to Oct 2014, we used the criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) positive sepsis with encephalopathy and retrospective diagnosed a comatose case series with infection and from a tertiary teaching hospital intensive care unit (ICU).

Results
Among 6 comatose patients with evidence of infection, 3 cases were secondary infection after hemorrhagic stroke, 1 case was secondary infection after trauma, and the other 2 cases were primary infection.All patients met the diagnosis of SIRS-positive sepsis with encephalopathy.Among them, the presence of SIRS 3 criteria was in 2 cases, four criteria in 4 cases.All patients with severe brain failure (100%), in addition to 5 cases with acute respiratory failure caused by lung injury, one case with acute liver failure.Brain imaging confirmed that the delayed vasogenic edema was in two cases(33.3%), the cerebral ischemic lesions in four cases(66.7%). The ischemic lesion included 1 patient with minor infarcts and 1 case with mild white matter lesions, and with a good prognosis.The other two ischemic cases included multifocal leukoencephalopathy with central pontine myelinolysis in 1 case and extensive white matter lesions in 1 case, eventually with a poor prognosis.

Conclusion
SAE is a common critically illness, the use of the new classification criteria of sepsis is helpful in the diagnosis of sepsis associated encephalopathy.

Key words:
Sepsis; Sepsis associated encephalopathy; Coma; Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; Organ failure; Imaging


Methods are presented for the simulation of conformational relaxation processes in polymer chains. The chains interact with the solvent through frictional and Langevin forces, have constrained bond lengths and angles, and smooth rotational energy functions. Relationships are obtained between the stochastic difference equations that form the basis for computer simulation, and equivalent Langevin differential equations and Smoluchowski diffusion equations. The presence of constraints and the associated action of potential forces and Langevin forces on the same time scale leads to somewhat intricate algorithms and correction terms. However, the time increment during a simulation step can be increased by a factor of 1000 or more over what is required if vibrational potentials are used to preserve the primary chain structure. Computation time is proportional to chain length in the absence of hydrodynamic interaction and excluded volume forces.


Prevention of excessive grain growtb during annealing treatments is important for jewellery applicationsofgoldalloys. The beneficialeffectsofsmall amounts ofanumberofinetals ofhighmeltingpointsandlowsolubiiitiesingoldtodentalgoldalloysarewellknown. Some of these elements, and others, have been addedsingly orin combinations, to a 14-caratgold jewellery alloy and their effects ongrain size, on recrystallization, and on the formation of 'orange peel' durzng subsequent cold working have been studied. Possible mechanisms by whichgrainPefiningduringsolulificatïonan dannealingisbroughtaboutby smalladditions of certain elements are discussedin the light of the data obtained. involves intermediate the to restore alloy ductility by structure. during fact surface


In First Nations, Métis, and Inuit (FNMI) communities, Elders are highly regarded as intergenerational transmitters of ancestral language and Indigenous knowledge. Without language revival initiatives, ancestral languages in FNMI communities are at risk of extinction. Leveraging digital technologies while collaborating with Elders can support revival initiatives. Through semi-structured interviews and qualitative analysis, this study addresses how three Elders who use technology in their ancestral language teaching (1) describe the benefits, drawbacks, and preferences of technology; (2) reveal the accuracy with which cultural knowledge is imparted through technology; and (3) view the impact of technology on their role as traditional knowledge keepers and intergenerational language transmitters Findings suggest that while Elders acknowledge the benefits of leveraging digital tools in language revival initiatives, they are concerned about technology's potential negative impacts on relationality.


Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of liquid, gel and carrier based formulations of Azospirillum lipoferum MAZ 3 on the dry matter production, Azospirillum population, root colonization and chlorophyll content of maize var. Co 1 at graded levels of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer. The liquid formulation of A. -1 lipoferum MAZ 3 inoculation with 75 per cent N level enhanced the dry matter production (259.03 g plant ), were recorded followed by gel and carrier based formulations of A. lipoferum MAZ 3. It was concluded that inoculation of liquid based formulation could augment the growth and yield parameters of maize by fixing higher amount atmospheric nitrogen and secreting higher amount of plant growth promoting substances like Indole acetic acid (IAA) and Gibberellins' when compared to the gel and carrier based formulation in maize crop.


This article proposes a study on applied the texture analysis method to classify the different disease groups that are normal, tendon inflammation, calcific tendonitis and rotator cuff tear. The supraspinatus tendon is usually involved among above-mentioned diseases progression. Four texture analysis methods that texture feature coding method, gray-level cooccurrence matrix, fractal dimension and texture spectrum are used to extract features of tissue characteristic of supraspinatus tendon. The mutual information method is independently used to select powerful feature among four texture analysis method, further, the radial basis function network to classify the ones into the four disease group. Experimental results tested on 85 images reveal that the proposed system can achieves 84% accurate rate.


Informatics information organizing techniques have been applied to the causality assessment of adverse drug reactions since the 1970s. There has not appeared an easily applied and accurate method. The problem has to do with low quality and poorly organized input information or the attempted application of methods that are too rigid for some problems and inapplicable for others. Potentially the best current method, based on Bayesian probability, is difficult to use because of low quality or quantity of information. This handicap requires extrapolations which tend to result in a form of numerical global introspection. We suggest that the problem might be approached by using a generalized decision support algorithm which can be used with many different decision methods and proper informatics support for the immediate environment of the assessor in drug safety. The decision support algorithm we apply is based on an analytical hierarchical process algorithm implemented in the software CRITERIUM©. We give as an example the application of the algorithm to a suspected adverse drug reaction, cholestatic jaundice, as a result of treatment by chloropromazine. However, to support any decision‐making method, the information and informatics environment around the decision‐maker must be planned and developed. A set of requirements that best reflect adverse drug reaction causality assessment needs is discussed.


In today's environment of longer human life and higher average age, the general family does not have enough ability and economic conditions to apply for professional nursing staff to assist in the patient of the elderly in need of long-term care in the home. To maintain the family's income, they have to continue the existing work and send the elderly to the care center. However, there is still a shortage problem of nursing staff, even in nursing centers, because each nurse needs to take care of several patients with dealing the related medical matters at the same time. We found that the physical condition of each patient is different. In this paper, the data function and algorithm propose as the basis of data analysis. We can turn the physical condition of each patient into relevant data and analyze the corresponding data. In this way, we can find out the abnormal condition of the patient's body early, which is helpful for the prevention of accidents. After data analysis, if the patient's BFI continues in the stable area in the past month, some detection of Body Function can be omitted. This approach can not only appropriately improve work efficiency but also reduce the workload of nursing staff. Finally, we establish the management mode of medical manpower scheduling then the medical manpower-shortage problem would adjust appropriately.


The integration of management systems (quality, safety, environment, ...) into one comprehensive management system allows the company to optimize its resources, improve efficiency and better meet the needs of all stakeholders . There are very few studies that examine the motivations for companies to integrate their systems of sequential management, some isolated empirical studies in paid developed that address this theme lead us to wonder about the fate of Moroccan companies. The study was conducted via an empirical survey of 50 Moroccan companies double or triple certified (ISO 9001, ISO14001, OHSAS 18001,...). The willingness of senior management, improving business efficiency, the desire to provide overall management of the various management systems, development of competitiveness and customer satisfaction are all factors behind adoption of such a system by Moroccan companies.


As the world population grows rapidly, and the limited amount of fossil fuels begins to diminish along with their impact on the environment, countries have been taking action to promote a greater use of renewable energy resources. In this article, the feasibility of providing electricity from a hybrid power system (HPS) comprising diesel/wind/photovoltaic (PV), and battery considering residential, public, and commercial buildings, consuming the largest portion of energy in Iran is investigated. Tehran, Kish Island, and Binalood are the chosen cities in Iran with distinctive geographic and climatic conditions. In order to determine the optimal design and operational planning of the HPS, the hourly electricity demand data is required to be over 8760 hs during a 1‐yr study. The required hourly data was calculated by employing Carrier (HAP4.5) software. The economic analysis is performed based on net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE), diesel consumption, and renewable fraction for all cases by applying HOMER software. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses are carried out to specify the impact of fuel cost on the system by considering two different diesel fuel systems. The results of the economic analysis indicate that Kish Island with warm and temperate climatic conditions would be the optimum zone to install HPS for supplying the energy demand of projected buildings. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: 614–623, 2019


This article presents three ethnographic case studies that demonstrate some of the ways that local participants in Oaxaca, Mexico put Marxist and other leftist discourses into practice as they seek to enact social and cultural change. Case study 1 presents a personal retrospective narrative of a local resident who as a university student became involved in battles against the state police following the 2006 teacher's strike in Oaxaca. Case study 2 explores the presence of Marxist and other leftist references in Oaxacan street art. Case study 3 presents the experiences of a Catholic priest who puts Marxist thought into practice through his social justice work in rural pueblos. These case studies demonstrate how a discursive understanding of culture and psychology can help navigate the conceptual fields of culture and psychology. Each case study comes from ethnographic research conducted in Oaxaca, Mexico in July 2017.


A feasibility study assessing the utility of the adaptation of near infrared correlation spectroscopy to quantifying iron and adsorbed water in some clay-based Mars soil analog materials (MarSAM's). The work was intended to constitute Phase 1 of an approach to identifying optical analytical wavelength regions, not only for important mineral classes, but for chemically active centers within them. Many of these centers are common to unrelated mineral classes and of disproportionate influence relative to the mineral structure as a whole in determining the surface reactivity of mineral surfaces. We previously reported linearity between reflectance and total iron and total moisture over a large range of both key variables. We also discovered interesting relationships between the intensity of iron bands and the relative humidity of the systems. These relationships were confirmed. We also show that, in the low humidity range, reflectance is linearly dependent on a different kind of water from that best representing the full humidity range (the kind of water associated, in clays, with surface acidity). These relationships and the sensitivity and capability of quantitation of near infrared data indicate high promise with the production of reactive surface intermediates of products of surface reactions.


Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is an uncommon form of external root resorption that is often aggressive in nature and often leads to loss of the tooth. This case report describes the successful management of external inflammatory ICR which occurred following trauma to the permanent dentition using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).


Viewing the changes which have taken place within Rover over the past decade, external bodies would probably focus on the "Jobs for Life" aspect of the New Deal announced in 1992. This commitment together with the move to all associates including the chairman wearing the corporate uniform, received extensive media coverage, some having it as a major step forward, whilst others question its sincerity. However, focusing on these things above would only serve to mislead, as one would be ignoring all of the other practices which have changed to underpin these publicly perceived initiatives. However, in Rover the things which have underpinned these very public initiatives have been people centred, they have recognised that they may need to use many types of initiative but that they will only succeed in introducing these things if their associates have both knowledge and choice about how they can and are introduced combined with a commitment for them to be both successful and long lasting. (2 pages)


This guide provides a list of face-to-face and online services the library offers. This provides information related to the library facilities and how to contact support at the library.


This research aims to identify conflicting views between generation x figures with millennials in My Generation film that shows the dynamics of millennial life in the era of technological development and popular culture development interpreted through adegans and dialogues in adegans certain. This study uses a qualitative method with Roland Barthes's semiotic analysis which has the concepts of denotation, connotation and myth. Analysis of the whole adegan, six adegans have been taken that represent the conflicting views between x generation with millennial generation in the film my generation. The six adegans are analyzed through denotation and connotation and a myth appears in several adegans. The results of this study can be concluded that the conflict of views between generation x (as parents), and millennial generation (as children) towards popular culture, occurs because of differences in lifestyle and differences in the way in responding to the cycle of cultural movement.


: The present study investigates the relationship between poetry metrics and meaning by raising some issues of which metrics scholars and critics of Rhetoric were aware, but held diverging views about them. Not only so, even modern literary criticism has a vague and ambiguous conceptualization over this issue. Added to that, there is some disagreement between those who advocate the existence of an inherit relationship between metrics and meaning and others who deny it altogether. Building on this ground, this research work sets out to unravel some of the origins of this controversy within the classical Arabic heritage


Background— Cell replacement therapy with stem cells able to differentiate into cardiomyocytes has been discussed as a method for remodeling damaged myocardium. A physiological or pathophysiological situation in which this phenomenon might be relevant is not known. We studied the origin of cardiomyocytes in myocardial biopsies of male patients that had undergone sex-mismatched cardiac transplantation to determine whether cells containing a Y chromosome (and therefore being of recipient origin) are able to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results— Myocardial biopsies (n=21) were obtained from the right ventricles of male patients (n=13) who had undergone sex-mismatched heart transplantation. Tissue from 1 nontransplanted male and myocardial biopsies from sex-matched heart–transplanted patients served as controls. Cells from donor and recipient origins were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization with the use of specific probes for X and Y chromosomes on paraffin sections of the biops...


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES
Different echographic and fetal magnetic resonance (MRI) measurements have been described in the diagnosis of associated malformations and the prognosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We have reviewed our experience searching for useful isolated or combined parameters and how MRI can complement ultrasound.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
We evaluated 29 fetuses with CDH. We examined ultrasonography: Lung to Head (LHR o/e) and in MRI: ipsilateral lung volume (IPV) and total expressed as percentage of observed / expected lung volume (VPT o/e) and percentage of herniated liver (PHH). We studied: survival, ECMO and associated malformations.

RESULTS
LHR o/e was the measure that best predicted survival (p< 0.05). VPT o/e did not predict survival or the need of ECMO (p> 0.05). PHH ≥19% was related to the need of ECMO. IPV < 2 cc required ECMO more frequently (p< 0.018) and when it was 0 cc in all cases. No combination of MR measurements was superior to LHR o/e in prediction of survival. MRI complemented the ultrasound in 4 cases: diaphragmatic eventration diagnosed with HDC, right HDC with fluid in the sac that suggested thoracic cyst, differentiation between spleen and lung that measured together overestimated the LHR and/or suspicion of Cornelia de Lange due to facial malformations.

CONCLUSIONS
Not a single or combined MRI measurement exceeds LHR o/e in survival prediction. MRI is related to prognosis and can be used to support ultrasound in making decisions. MRI occasionally provides complementary morphological information.


The purpose of the present paper is to address an old question (posed by Segal [37]) to find a geometric construction of elliptic cohomology. This question has recently become much more pressing due to the work of Mike Hopkins and Haynes Miller [19], who constructed exactly the "right", or universal, elliptic cohomology, called TMF (the theory of topological modular forms). In the present paper, however, we do not propose a construction which would give TMF . We do propose what could be called the "first rigorous reasonable attempt" of constructing geometrically any generalized cohomology theory which could be called elliptic cohomology. To explain what this means, we must say more about what is expected of a theory which could be called elliptic cohomology, and also what qualifies as a geometric construction: as it turns out, quite a few general desiderata of such theory can be written down, and finding simply a candidate which would satisfy them all is a non-trivial goal.


A television game system comprises a television game program recording medium (4) on which a television game program and a print image creation program are recorded, a television game machine having reading means (disk drive (12)) and control means (processor (11)), and a printer (6). The control means progresses the game according to the television game program and allows the user to stop the game image through an operation via a controller (2) during the progress of the game so that the game image is converted to an image-editable image data. The control means also allows the user to selectan area of the game image through an operation of the controller (2). When an area of the game image is specified, the control means saves the image data on the specified area into the memory, converts the data to print data for printing onto a standard-size card, and outputs the data to the printer (6).


The study of human gait recognition has been becoming an active research field. In this paper, we propose to adopt the attention-based Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) encoder-decoder framework to implement a cycle-independent human gait and walking direction recognition system in Wi-Fi networks. For capturing more human walking dynamics, two receivers together with one transmitter are deployed in different spatial layouts. In the proposed system, the Channel State Information (CSI) measurements from different receivers are first gathered together and refined to form an integrated walking profile. Then, the RNN encoder reads and encodes the walking profile into primary feature vectors. Given a specific recognition task, the decoder computes a corresponding attention vector which is a weighted sum of the primary features assigned with different attentions, and is finally used to predict the target. The attention scheme motivates our system to learn to adaptively align with different critical clips of CSI data sequence for human walking gait and direction recognitions. We implement our system on commodity Wi-Fi devices in indoor environment, and the experimental results demonstrate that our system can achieve average F1 scores of 89.69% for gait recognition from a group of 8 subjects and 95.06% for direction recognition from 8 walking directions, in addition, the average accuracies of these two recognition tasks both exceed 97%.


From Apr.2005 to Dec.2007,non-polluted culture experiments of Ictalurus punctatus were carried out at the cage intensive breeding base in Yangmei Reservoir in Zhangpu County,Fujian Province.The non-polluted breeding technique was then demonstrated and applied.Based on the criterion of non-polluted Ictalurus punctatus established by the Ministry of Agriculture,the product and its origin were examined and certificated by the Fishery Environmental Monitoring Station and the Oceanic and Fishery Administration of Fujian Province.The product was also certificated as non-polluted product by the Agricultural Quality Security Centre of Ministry of Agriculture,the Fishery Products Quality Monitoring Centre of Ministry of Agriculture and Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau.The non-polluted culture mode of Ictalurus punctatus was established and widely applied.


The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) currently being negotiated between the EU and the United States is a matter of political and public controversy. More objective discussion requires that both the opportunities and the risks be evaluated transparently and properly. It is clear that any positive growth and employment effects should not be overestimated and the risks of adverse effects on prosperity should not be underestimated. TTIP will be able to meet the challenges of economic globalisation in the twenty-first century only if it is understood as more than merely a deregulation and liberalisation project, and rather as a significant contribution to the economic, environmental and social organisation of the international trade system.


There are many films located in Rome. Our especial interest was to revisit two different motion pictures about Rome, Caro Diario (1993) by Nanni Moretti, and La grande bellezza (2013) by Paolo Sorrentino, in order to highlight two different points of view and two different parts of Rome to focus on much more than the urban transformations throughout time. Both directors are really in love with Rome, Moretti chooses a so-called derive riding a vespa across popular neighbourhoods in the fringe of the city. Sorrentino prefers high-standing poses by beautiful people and monumental landscapes in the centre of Rome. His main character is such a flâneur, hanging around manor houses and participating in exclusive parties. However, both stories show a secret and fascinating Rome.


Traditionally steel is used as reinforcement in concrete structure. But because of cost and availability, replacement of steel with some other suitable materials as reinforcement is now a major concern. It is a fact that the construction industry is the main consumer of energy and materials in most countries. Though bamboo has been used as a construction material, especially in developing country, until today its use as reinforcement in concrete structure is very limited due to various uncertainties. Since bamboo is a natural, cheap and also readily available material, it can be a substitute of steel in reinforcing of concrete structure. Authors have tested & evaluated physical and mechanical properties like compressive strength, tensile strength, Flexural test, Bonding strength, water absorption, density etc. of the selected bamboo species in material testing laboratory. Purpose of the experiments on bamboo strips is for validation and justification of these results confirm the application of bamboo as reinforcement element. Authors have investigated conducted for the tested types of bamboo are evaluated using the same accepted criteria as that of steel. Also authors have evaluated the performance and justification of fabricated underground water tank by replacement of steel to bamboo.


Scientific revolutions are important changes in the development of science. In history,quite a number of scholars have studied the scientific revolutions. Among them there is Cohen,who put forward four criterions for judging the occurrence of scientific revolutions. But these criterions can't explain that theoretical or minor revolutions ever happened,so that people are inclined to doubt whether the scientific revolutions actually took place. Through an overall analysis of the scientific revolutions in the history,the authors of this paper give a new definition of scientific revolution. Examining the indequacy of internalist and externalist explanation,they put forward a contextual explanation for the occurrence of scientific revolutions as well as their transformation model. The contextual explanation accounts for not only the theorical problem of the occurrence of scientific revolutions,but also the enhancement of the ability of science and technology in China.


Deltamys is a monotypic sigmodontine rodent from the Pampas of South America. In addition to the formally recognized D. kempi that inhabits lowlands, an undescribed form Deltamys sp. 2n=40 was recently found in the highlands of southeastern Brazil. In the present study, we perform a phylogeographic reassessment of Deltamys and describe a third form of the genus, endemic to the Brazilian Araucaria Forest. We describe this new species based on an integrative analysis, using complete cytochrome b DNA sequences, karyology and morphology. Bayesian tree recovered two allopatric clades (lowlands vs. highlands) and three lineages: (i) the lowland D. kempi , (ii) the highland Deltamys sp. 2n=40, and (iii) Deltamys araucaria sp. n. Deltamys araucaria sp. n. is karyotypically (2n=34) and morphologically distinguishable from D. kempi (2n=37-38), showing a tawnier dorsum/flank pelage, presence of a protostyle, M1 alveolus positioned anteriorly to the posterior margin of the zygomatic plate, and several other distinguishing characteristics. A phylogeographic assessment of D. kempi recovered two haplogroups with significant differences in skull measurements. This phylogeographic break seems to have been shaped by the Patos Lagoon estuarine channel. The diversification in Deltamys might have been triggered by dispersal of older lineages over different altitudinal ranges in the Parana geological basin.


Research on the effects of pay-for-performance (P4P) in health care indicates largely disappointing results. This central finding, however, may mask important heterogeneity in the effects of P4P. We conducted a literature review to assess whether hospital and physician performance in P4P vary by patient and catchment area factors, organizational and structural capabilities, and P4P program characteristics. Several findings emerged: organizational size, practice type, teaching status, and physician age and gender modify performance in P4P. For physician practices and hospitals, a higher proportion of poor and minority patients is consistently associated with worse performance. Other theoretically influential characteristics—including information technology and staffing levels—yield mixed results. Inconsistent and contradictory effects of bonus likelihood, bonus size, and marginal costs on performance in P4P suggest organizations have not responded strategically to financial incentives. We conclude that extant heterogeneity in the effects of P4P does not fundamentally alter current assessments about its effectiveness.


Let Uq(g) be the quantised enveloping algebra associated to a simple Lie algebra g over C. The negative part U of Uq(g) possesses a canonical basis B with favourable properties. Lusztig has associated a cone (19) to a reduced expression i for the longest element w0 in the Weyl group of g, with good properties with respect to monomial elements of B. The first author (8) has associated a subalgebra Ai of U , compatible with the dual basis B � , to each reduced expression i. We show that, after a certain twisting, the string parametrisation of the adapted basis of this subalgebra coincides with the corresponding Lusztig cone. As an application, we give explicit expressions for the generators of the Lusztig cones.


We had recently reported an association between song attractiveness and genome size in a population of bow-winged grasshoppers, Chorthippus biguttulus, with unattractive singers having larger genomes (Schielzeth et al. 2014). Camacho (2016) commented on our publication expressing doubts whether the data support our conclusions. We appreciate his critical and thoughtful reading of our paper and the interest in the topic that his comment reveals. The main technical criticism is the inaccuracy of the flow cytometric quantification and that the role of B chromosomes remains speculative.


SummaryThe effect of chemical compounds on the survival of rat thymocytes irradiated in vitro was studied. The oxygen-concentration of the treated and untreated cell-suspension was also determined. The addition of cysteine, l-dimethylcysteine, isocysteine, cysteamine and S-2 aminoethyl-isothiuronium bromide hydrobromide (AET) to the suspensions appreciably retarded the death-rate of the irradiated cells, but did not reduce the oxygen-content of the suspensions to a level which could be expected to affect their radiosensitivity. It was concluded that these compounds protect by reacting with radiosensitive sites in the cell and not by causing anoxia in cells or radiosensitive organs.Cystamine, β-homocysteine, adrenaline and histamine were ineffective with regard to the death-rate and depleting the cell-suspension of oxygen. Since these compounds are radioprotective in vivo it is proposed that they have a pharmacological mode of action and therefore do not protect by reacting with the radiosensitive sites in...


The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted field studies at 12 sites using the Nanoparticle Emission Assessment Technique (NEAT) to characterize emissions during processes where engineered nanomaterials were produced or used. A description of the NEAT appears in Part A of this issue. Field studies were conducted in research and development laboratories, pilot plants, and manufacturing facilities handling carbon nanotubes (single-walled and multi-walled), carbon nanofibers, fullerenes, carbon nanopearls, metal oxides, electrospun nylon, and quantum dots. The results demonstrated that the NEAT was useful in evaluating emissions and that readily available engineering controls can be applied to minimize nanomaterial emissions.


During the past two decades, numerous Indian firms have gone public by undertaking Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) of their equity shares. Yet, many other Indian firms have intentionally chosen to remain private even though they fulfill the eligibility criteria of going public. This raises the question as to what are the determinants of firms' going-public decision. While researchers have propounded several theories to explain the firms� going-public decision, yet the empirical studies conducted to test the proposed theories are still scarce, mainly due to lack of data on privately held firms necessary for a direct investigation of the choice between going public and remaining private. None of the existing studies have assessed the determinants of Indian firms' going-public decision. Besides, no consistent stylized facts have so far emerged. Rather contradictory findings have been reported in some of the existing studies. Further these individual studies have not been comprehensive as each of them has focused only on a limited number of determinants. This study investigates the determinants of going-public decision of the Indian firms, juxtaposing the following two related research issues: What ex-ante (pre-IPO) characteristics of going-public Indian firms differentiate them from those Indian firms that continue to remain private even though they fulfill the eligibility criteria of going public? What ex-post consequences of IPOs on firm characteristics influence their goingpublic decision? The preceding research issues are examined using two independent analyses. First, a panel probit regression analysis is done to identify the ex-ante characteristics of going- public Indian firms that differentiate them from those Indian firms that continue to remain private even though they fulfill the eligibility criteria of going public. This analysis reveals that going-public Indian firms tend to be younger, riskier, transparent, more profitable, experiencing higher sales growth, and larger-sized than firms that decide to remain private. Also if a firm belongs to retail trade sectors, it increases its probability to go public. In the second analysis, ex-post consequences of IPOs on firm characteristics are examined by comparing pre-IPO characteristics of IPO firms with their post-IPO characteristics using Wilcoxon two-sample signed rank test. This analysis suggests that Indian firms go public to: finance their growth and investments diversify owners' risk rebalance their capital structure bring down their borrowing rates.


Refugees and migrants are often victims of dehumanization and torture. At the beginning of the last refugee crisis, Serbia became part of the so-called 'Balkan route', which was used by hundreds of thousands of refugees. In this contribution we argue that (i) war conflicts are characterized by violence toward civilians as a weapon of war; (ii) refugees can and do become victims of human rights abuses and torture both within combat and in countries of transit; (iii) violence towards refugees can be understood as a consequence of dehumanization, implicitly or explicitly fostered by authorities; (iv) the suffering of refugees cannot be modelled only according to post-traumatic stress disorder; and (v) human rights are inseparable from refugee experiences, both as a causative factor and as a factor of recovery.


The theoretical model, developed by Khare model, has been modified to calculate the total cross sections for K-shell and L-shell ionization of silver atom due to electron impact at incident electron energy from ionization threshold to 1 GeV. The various calculated cross sections are in remarkable agreement with available experimental data and other theoretical cross sections.


Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most commonly associated ailment with patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Arterial hypertension (H) is an important and widespread risk factor for CVD and is recorded with high frequency in patients with COPD. Activation of vessel endothelium and platelet hemostasis is the most important factor in the development of CVD and their complications. Objective: To study the morphofunctional characteristics of platelets (pl) in patients with COPD and H and compare them to patients with H in the stable stage of diseases. Methods: Anthropometry, spirometry, questionnaires "The Modified Medical Risearch Council Dispnia Scale" (mMRC), "COPD Assessment Test" (CAT), defining of blood pressure, pl functional activity study by estimation of pl adhesion (Adh) degree, induced aggregation (Agr) of pl with adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen and thrombin (optical turbidimetric method), count of activated, degranulated pl, packing density (PD) pl granules (transmission electron microscopy (TEM)). Clinical characteristics: The study included 87 persons. The I group (I gr.) included 39 patients with COPD A-D category with H stage I-II, II group (II gr.) – 38 patients with H stage I-II, control group (С gr.)-10 healthy persons age-matched category. When included in the study, the patients had a stable course of disease for at least the last 2 months. Results: Functional indices of platelet activity, namely, the degree of Adh pl, induced by ADP, collagen and thrombin pl Agr in patients of both I and II groups exceed those in C gr. In turn, a higher than in II gr. degree of pl Adh, induced by ADP rate of Agr, thrombin inuced degree of pl Agr, as well as the activity of the pl von Willebrand factor (vWf) was found in patients I gr. The total number of pl in I gr. is greater than in II gr. and C gr. Analysis of the TEM data in I gr. showed a greater number of activated and degranulated pl than in II gr. PD αand λ-granules in I gr. was lower than in II gr. PD pl-granules in I and II are lower than in C. (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In patients with H and in comorbid patients with COPD and H the functional activity of pl is increased in comparison with healthy persons age matched category. In patients with COPD and H the Adh degree, induced Agr of pl, ultra structural characteristic of pl intravascular activation, increases. In COPD patients and concomitant H these changes are more pronounced than in patients with H. Complex influence of factors which take part in the development and maintenance of increased activity of the vascular-thrombocyte part of hemostasis in comorbid patients with COPD and H, even in the absence of exacerbations, leads to increased thrombogenic potential and the risks associated cardiovascular events.


Inspired by the idea of the stero-coupling, we propose a new sandwich-like photonic crystal microcavity which is composed of double layer photonic crystal slabs H1 (DLPCS-H1) cavity with an air layer in between. We calculate the electromagnetic field distribution and the quality factor of the dipole mode by the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method and the Pade approximation method. Through carefully analyzing the effect of the air layer height on the quality factor of the dipole mode, we obtain an optimized DLPCS-H1 cavity in which the height of intermediate air layer is about 0.5 a ( a is the lattice constant, a =420 nm). In this cavity, the quality factor of the dipole mode is 4 times as large as that of the conventional single layer photonic crystal slab H1 cavity. Furthermore, we study the three-layer photonic crystal slabs H1 cavity, and the quality factor of its dipole mode is increased over 7 times.


Paul Wender was standing center stage, delivering one of the final presentations of the 45th National Organic Chemistry Symposium (NOS). His talk had gone 20 minutes over the allotted time, but the crowd showed no signs of stirring. Wender, a renowned chemist and Stanford University professor, was holding the audience in thrall as he neared the end of his description of an unpublished synthesis of bryostatin 1, a compound that has shown promise for treating cancer and Alzheimer's disease and possibly helping eradicate HIV. Isolating bryostatin 1 from natural sources is incredibly laborious, Wender pointed out. "That's why you need folks like us" to make it. His lab had devised a 29-step route to the natural product, down from a previously reported 57-step synthesis. The final step in Wender's new route ends with a deprotection reaction. "And it didn't work," he said, drawing sympathetic groans from the audience. After a


Abstract : Global military spending is decreasing. However this trend does not apply to some regions of the world, specifically Southeast Asia. This thesis describes the ongoing naval arms buildup in this region and examines why it is occurring when the rest of the world is decreasing military spending. Next, this thesis asks if this arms build-up is dangerous. Unlike many other arms races around the world, the Southeast Asian build-up is not particularly dangerous because of the parallel development of confidence and security building measures. I answer this question affirmatively and then examine the causes of this situation. Using three countries as case studies -- Thailand, Singapore, and Indonesia -- I argue that a combination of three factors fuels an arms race. The three categories which drive a naval arms race are economic growth, changes in perceived threat, and prestige. Thai naval expenditures are affected by all three factors in roughly equal proportions. Singaporean expenditures are driven by economics and prestige considerations. Changes in Indonesian spending are the result of security and prestige considerations. The next question is whether the arms race is dangerous. Nations in the region have engaged in serious efforts to establish effective confidence and security building measures which have mitigated the negative effects of an arms race. As long as these efforts continue, there is little danger in the arms race degenerating into armed conflict.


Less interaction between citizen caused of materialistic lifestyle impact the down of citizens' solidarity and concertinity for their environment. According to Daldjoeni (1982:28), urbanization has replaced the primary relationship into secondary, which make the relationship between citizen was unstressed, mutual cooperation diminished and solidarity was lost. If this condition permitted, it will emerged many problems inside the community such as the security problems. Public open space in a region can be functioned as a center of orientation,an interaction tools and region identity which has interaction activity of the citizen culture. In fact, many public open space did not function optimally, sometimes even abandoned. It was getting worse by the lack of public open space as the impact of the converted urban infrastructures, which make the expectation for interaction between citizen was not realized. This research will be written in descriptive method which aim to discover how big is the role of public open space which is in descending quality and area to solidarity and concertinity of the inhabitant of many housing in some regions in Jakarta. The conclusion is that the existence of public open space which is in descending quality and area did impact to the descending of the solidarity and concertinity of citizens. To increase the solidarity and concertinity of the inhabitant of housing is by preparing good facilities of public open space,by increasing the quality of the public open space and also by doing the management with the base of the inhabitant of housing's participants. Key Words : Public Open Space, Solidarity and Concertinity Rate, Inhabitant of Housing Region in Jakarta


We have extended the kinetic derivation of the first nucleation theorem to account for losses of precritical clusters. Model calculations with coagulation scavenging show that if unaccounted for, these losses can lead to substantial errors in the interpretation of experimental data from laboratory and field measurements.


Program Increments (PIs) are sequences of consecutive sprints during SAFe implementation of agile developments. SAFe work is planned at two levels of granularity: (i) stories, which create tasks (within a sprint team) and account for task interactions at a fine level of granularity; and (ii) features (often decomposed into stories), which account for interactions at a coarser level of granularity. A common practice in PI planning, involving 10-15 teams, is to suppress interactions at the story level and focus on interactions at the feature level instead. We create two DSMs for a PI planning process – one based on story interactions, and another based on feature interactions. We find a nearly 9X increase in interactions at the finer level, i.e. more granular interaction, compared to a DSM based on coarser level interaction data. We discuss theory and practice implications for using more granular DSMs during PI Planning and oversight processes.


Pine wood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is one of the most important forest tree pathogens worldwide, causing Pine Wilt Disease. Facilitated by international trade, PWN has expanded beyond its natural range becoming one of the most notorious quarantine pests. To prevent its further expansion, national survey programs are being widely established. Accordingly, such a network has also been established in Greece collecting and examining wood samples nationwide. So far, B. xylophilus was absent from all samples examined, although four other Bursaphelenchus species were identified, along with other nematode taxa. Evidently, besides preventing the introduction of B. xylophilus, national survey programs can further increase our knowledge regarding tree-inhabiting nematodes.


The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors was originally discovered in T cells as a regulator of cytokines such as interleukin-2, which induces T cell proliferation and differentiation (1;2). Calcineurin and NFAT have also emerged as important new regulators of bone homeostasis in both osteoclast differentiation and osteoblastic bone formation. The paper by Winslow et al. sheds light on novel aspects of the multiple functions of calcineurin and NFAT in the context of bone homeostasis using two intriguing genetic models (3). This report is of great importance not only because it supports the bifunctional role of NFATc1 in both bone resorption and formation, but also because it provides the novel insight that chemokines regulated by NFAT may contribute to the osteoblast-mediated regulation of osteoclastogenesis.


Recently, an increase in the occurrence of sudden local flooding of great volume and short duration due to global climate changes has occasioned the significant danger and loss of life and property in Korea as well as most parts of the world. Such a local flood that usually occurs as the result of intense rainfall over small regions rises quite quickly with little or no advance warning time to prevent flood damage. To prevent the local flood damage, it is important to quickly predict the flood severity for flood events exceeding a threshold discharge that may cause the flood damage for inland areas. The aim of this study is to develop the NFI (New Flood Index) measuring the severity of floods in small ungauged catchments for use in local flood predictions by the regression analysis between the NFI and rainfall patterns. Flood runoff hydrographs are generated from a rainfall-runoff model using the annual maximum rainfall series of long-term observations for the two study catchments. The flood events above a threshold assumed as the 2-year return period discharge are targeted to estimate the NFI obtained by the geometric mean of the three relative severity factors, such as the flood magnitude ratio, the rising curve gradient, and the flooding duration time. The regression results show that the 3-hour maximum rainfall depths have the highest relationships with the NFI. It is expected that the best-fit regression equation between the NFI and rainfall characteristics can provide the basic database of the preliminary information for predicting the local flood severity in small ungauged catchments.


The present invention, a) at least oxirane or oxetane compound containing two oxirane or oxetane groups and b) It is a independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon radicals; the subscript b is zero or a positive number, and has a value ranging from 0 to 3; the subscripts a and c is zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to 3, provided that (a + b + c) in accordance with limitation that ≦ 3; subscript d and e are zero or positive and has a value ranging from 0 to 3, provided that (d + e) by reaction products of amino compounds with follow] the limitation that ≦ 3, provided that processing the fabric in order to provide improved reactivity to water.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate student visual literacy skills using the newly designed visual literacy framework and visual literacy (VL) scale.

Design/methodology/approach
It includes a newly designed framework, a self-reporting questionnaire and a scale to evaluate an individual's VL skills and overall competency. The self-reporting questionnaire consists of 13 items with a five-point Likert scale.

Findings
The newly developed VL skill scale assessed the Fiji students' competency (i.e. identify, understand, evaluate and communicate using visuals). The mean for the 13 items on VL skills showed average results, but 46.33% recorded high visual literacy competencies. The multiple linear regression analysis outcomes showed all 13 skills demonstrated significant contributions to becoming visually literate.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation of this study is that the questionnaire is self-reporting, so the evaluation can be highly rated. The implications are that relevant stakeholders will be able to devise strategies and content to improve visual literacy in Fiji.

Practical implications
Images are playing an important role today, especially after COVID-19, which forced the education system to go online. Online learning involves a lot of visuals, and as such, visual literacy is important to students so that they can successfully learn online. This paper brings out the important aspects of visual literacy, which needs to be understood by the students.

Social implications
In society, everything involves visuals. This paper introduces a visual literacy scale and a visual literacy tool to measure the visual competencies of individuals. If people understand the components of visual literacy, then visual competencies of the people will also improve.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first one on evaluating visual literacy competencies in Fiji and also in the South Pacific. The visual literacy tool is also new to the world.


Summary This study outlines services that could be offered to colleges of further education on a trading basis and suggests an appropriate model for delivering such services. Experiences and views of EPs known to have worked in FE contributed to the range of services developed and helped shape the model of delivery. Views of staff from local colleges were sought regarding the proposals. Staff responses are discussed and issues relevant to the future work of EPs in FE are highlighted.


This study has dealt with a phenomena that is regarded as new in the Swedish context of social work called honour related violence because of sexual orientation. The purpose was to critically examine a project that offers a variation of assistance for individuals between 13 and 25 years of age who suffers from the above. The project mentioned is run by an organisation called RFSL Radgivningen Skane. The aim was to examine the practice and to gain knowledge concerning the target group and relate it to that described by the project. Another aim for the study was to look into how the employees and the author of a report that is commonly used as background material in the practice used the complicated terms involved in the field and how that may effect the individuals that are the target for the resources. We constructed an inquiry displayed at the homepage concerning the target group. An analysis of the texts shown on the homepage, www.heder.nu, also took place. We also gained insight through interviews with the mentioned. Theoretically we chose to let social constructivism and categorisation influence the study. Our inquiry showed that the respondents had difficulties in defining the terms we presented them and thought of as crucial. We regarded this as troublesome for the young people visiting the establishment in one way or another since we considered the consequences beeing a lack of recognition for the individual. Due to this fact we found that the project becomes somewhat excluding rather than including, which is the intention.


This report provides an interim account of a participatory action research project undertaken during 2015-16. The research brought together scholars, students, and expert members of the co-operative movement to design a theoretically informed and practically grounded framework for co-operative higher education that activists, educators and the co-operative movement could take forward into implementation.


Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) are wireless networks consisting of a collection of mobile nodes with no fixed infrastructure. Due to their decentralized, self-configuring and dynamic nature, MANETs offer many advantages and are easy to install. In the recent years, a lot of researches are going on in the area of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). This network is an infrastructure -less network where nodes communicate with each other without any aid of centralized administration. In this paper, we are analyzing Throughput of DSR routing protocol.


Information competency instruction is an essential component of the strategic mission of Fletcher Library at Arizona State University West. Instuction programs include drop‐in basic skills classes, course‐integrated instruction taught by subject librarians, and an online tutorial currently under development. From summer 1999 through summer 2000, faculty members and subject librarian for the Integrative Studies Program collaborated to integrate information competency instruction and assessment into the program's gateway course. Two sessions were developed and taught by the librarian. A prelimanry assessment programms developed to evaluate student outcomes and to serve as the foundation of a future programmatic assessment program. This paper reports on the resulting sessions, the assessment, modifications made as a result of the information gathered and its place in the development of programmatic competencies.


In this paper, a retrial queueing system of the M/M/1 type with Poisson flows of arrivals, impatient customers, collisions, and an unreliable service device is considered. To make the problem more realistic and, hence, more complicated, we include the breakdowns and repairs of the service in this research study. The retrial times of customers in the orbit, service time, impatience time of customers in the orbit, server's lifetime (depending on whether it is idle or busy), and server recovery time are supposed to be exponentially distributed. The problem of finding the stationary probability distribution of the number of customers in orbit is solved by using the method of asymptotic diffusion analyses under the condition of a heavy load of the system and the patience of customers in orbit. Numerical results are presented that demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical conclusions, and a comparative analysis of the method of asymptotic analysis and the method of asymptotic diffusion analysis for the considered problem is given.


Bank ecological environment(BEE) is the environment in where bank survives and develops.The game theory analysis finds that because the local government does not supervise and spoil the BEE,BEE become tragedy of the common.In order to promote the construction of BEE,we should make the local government assume the loss of spoiling and pay the governing benefit back to local government and take all kinds of measures to reduce probability that local government spoiling the BEE and improve probability that local government governing it in the short term.In the long term,we should reduce the competence that local government spoiling the BEE and eliminate the motive that local government spoiling the BEE.


Healthlink Worldwide seeks to improve the health status of poor and vulnerable communities through the provision of health information. This Healthlink Worldwide manual provides information on sexual health issues that affect men. It includes exercises for use in engaging men in discussions about sexual health and responsibility suggests strategies for reaching out to men and presents basic facts on male sexuality and common problems. An emphasis is placed on creating the right environment for sensitive discussions of sexuality using resource materials and identifying the unique needs of specific populations (e.g. homosexuals boys male prostitutes and fathers). Charts present detailed descriptions of currently available contraceptive methods for couples and the signs and symptoms/treatment approaches related to sexually transmitted infections including HIV.


The concept of holograms lit from their edge is not new. Schemes proposed by Benton, Caulfield and later Soviet workers have revived an interest in this topic primarily because of the convenience and applicability of this type of display. The present authors examine the rigorous basis of the problem and propose an alternative strategy to those of current interest: that the serial-parallel conflict of the reference feed is resolvable by a more subtle understanding of the physics of near total internal reflection optical geometry. Experimental results are discussed in relation to differing recording media.


AIMS AND METHOD General practitioners9 (GPs9) informed awareness of the various medical

specialities underpins their ability to manage and commission services for

their patients. Three questions, relevant to GP practice, to test awareness of

child and adolescent mental health services (CHMHS) were developed and sent to

238 GP principals in North Staffordshire. One hundred and seventy-six responded. RESULTS Forty-seven per cent had no undergraduate training in CAMHS and 93% had

negligible postgraduate experience. Only 27% thought they saw CAMHS cases

frequently. Sixty-four per cent usually referred those they saw. Relevant

expertise made referral to CAMHS less likely, as did membership of the Royal

College of General Practitioners. Seventy-three per cent wanted more training,

but only 7% thought training easy to obtain. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS These findings confirm the need for child and adolescent psychiatrists to

become directly involved in the commissioning of their services and GP

training.


It is an important project on the reform of the experimental assessment in College Entrance Examination,which has made some new progress in recent years in Hong Kong.The guideline of the experimental assessment is based on the learning perspective of constructivism,emphasizing the preconception and the conception changes in the learning process of students,developing a series of effective evaluation tools.The operation of the experimental assessment has a set of scientific and feasible assessment criteria and systematic assessment mechanism,such as implementing teacher assessment,regarding inquiry as a long-term goal,moving towards the development-based students assessment and so on.It is of referential significance for the ongoing achievement assessment in mainland China


The soils of the steppe and desert zones of northern and central Iraq are remarkably constant (Binnie et al. 1956, 1957, 1958; Harris 1958; Murdoch MacDonald & Partners 1957; Smith 1957; Smith & Robertson 1956). Very little chemical variation was found although considerable diversity in texture and stratification occurred. Soils ranged from non-saline to solonchak, with bad structure culminating in gilgai occurring in saline and non-saline fine-textured soils alike. * Salinity and climate are well known for their effect on plant distribution but the physical condition of the soils is not usually mentioned. Viehmeyer & Hendrickson (1946) discovered that crop failure in vines in California and elsewhere was sometimes associated with soils of exceptionally high density, but other laboratory tests could not be correlated with these results. They therefore carried out experiments with sunflower seeds in pots to explore this phenomenon. Where horizons of high density and moisture content occurred, the roots of established seedlings refused to penetrate them. It was concluded that the size of the pore spaces was fundamental to root penetration. Aitcheson & Prescott (1954, p. 8) interpreted these data as indicating that 'surface soils in good condition, that is, possessing good structure, have densities within the range of 1.0 to 1P3 g/c.c. By contrast, the same soils when in poor condition may have densities within the range 1-4 to 1 6 g/c.c. With a further decline in porosity to densities of the order of 1 65 to 1 8 g/c.c., the condition is reached in which plant roots can no longer penetrate the soil'.


F or years, free-standing children's hospitals faced little competition. They enjoyed communi ty suppor t , and many local general hospitals closed their pediatric units. But in today's world of managed care, local hospitals are once again opening pediatric units. Free of the financial burden of supporting research and education efforts, which children's hospitals usually fund, these new entities charge lower rates for services and are formidable competitors.


In this paper, a type of nonlinear functional differential equations with impulse effects are studied by using the Leggett-Williams fixed point theorem.


Under normal circumstances, the seller is the owner of the merx and ownership is transferred to the purchaser on transfer of possession. However, the seller does not undertake to make the purchaser the owner. His obligation is to deliver the merx, and guarantee the purchaser free and undisturbed possession, that is, to protect the buyer in his possession from eviction. Eviction means any lawful interference with this free and undisturbed possession (vacua possessio), whether by the seller himself or by a third party. The warranty against eviction is in effect a promise by the seller that he will compensate the purchaser if the purchaser is evicted.Constitutum possessorium, as a mode of delivery of ownership of movables, plays an important role in financial arrangements in the motor trade industry. A motor dealer may, for example, arrange with a credit institution that the motor vehicles on its floor, purchased from a manufacturer, be sold to the credit institution and then be resold to the motor dealer. Ownership is transferred to the credit institution by constitutum possessorium. The arrangement between the motor dealer and the credit institution is referred to in the trade as a floor plan agreement.


Face location is a key technique of face recognition using images from video sequences. In order to improve the accuracy of face location in video sequences,the paper presents a method for locating face in video sequences through analysis of face features in video sequence. Background removing,skin region detecting,horizontal brightness projection and face template with gradient calculating,feature component fitting are adopted for this method. The experiments demonstrate that this method can meet the requirements of actual application. In addition,face recognition-based access control system has been developed using this method.


: Over the last 50 years, there has been a dramatic increase in the amount of research being conducted in forensic entomology. Given the gravity of the consequences of court decisions, it is essential to assess how research in forensic entomology supports its practical application in criminal investigations and in court. In this study, we employed a questionnaire-based approach, gathering information from professionals from across the world involved in the collection and preparation of forensic entomological evidence, as well as those who present and utilize such evidence in court. This was supported by a bibliometric approach that examined research publication and collaboration patterns. The questionnaire survey indicated that forensic entomology is predominantly utilized to determine minimum post-mortem intervals. While entomologists are generally confident in their ability to collect, preserve, store, identify and interpret entomological evidence, several weaknesses in the application and use of forensic entomology were identified. Additionally, the bibliometric study revealed extensive research clustering within countries, with relatively little cross-country collaboration. This may result in inhibited flow of research findings, which is likely exacerbated by the small number of appropriate open-access journals. The vast array of factors that may affect insect behavior, development, community structure, and dynamics, as well as sampling reliability, make forensic entomology particularly challenging. Therefore, standardization of procedures, validation of methodologies, and accreditation frameworks will be critical for maximizing the utility of practical forensic entomology. Research must underpin the future development of forensic entomology, but it will be most effective with greater collaboration between research teams and researchers and practitioners. The global research community will need to be more coordinated and standardized to achieve its potential in supporting practical applications inside and outside of the court, thereby maximizing the societal value of forensic entomology.


Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) type III is a growth factor on the surface of neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). It is required for initial myelination of nerves by Schwann cells after birth and for remyelination after injury. Neuregulin-1 type III is activated by cleavage (shedding) in its extracellular juxtamembrane region generating a membrane-bound N-terminal fragment (NTF) that contains a bioactive epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain. This domain signals to neighboring Schwann cells in a contact-dependent manner prompting the cells to initiate myelination. The β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) was identified as the enzyme that cleaves NRG1 type III and promotes myelination. Consequently, loss of BACE1 cleavage results in dramatically reduced myelin sheaths around nerves in the PNS of BACE1 knockout mice.
Besides its role in myelination, BACE1, better known as β-secretase, is also involved in the generation of the neurotoxic amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) which is the main component of amyloid plaques in the brain of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Aβ peptide is derived through sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein APP, first by BACE1 in the extracellular domain and subsequently by the γ-secretase in the transmembrane domain (TMD). Inhibition of BACE1 and γ-secretase is therefore considered a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. However, this approach harbors the risk of mechanism-based side effects due to impaired processing of substrates beside APP such as NRG1 type III which is not only a substrate for BACE1 but like APP is also cleaved in its TMD by the γ-secretase. Adding another layer of complexity, ADAM10 and ADAM17, the so-called α-secretases of AD, also cleave NRG1 type III.
In the first part of this study, the proteolytic processing of NRG1 type III in its ectodomain was investigated in detail. The precise juxtamembrane shedding sites of BACE1, ADAM10 and ADAM17 were determined by mass spectrometry and two novel cleavage sites of BACE1 and ADAM17 N-terminal of the EGF-like domain were discovered. Cleavage at these novel sites by ADAM17 and BACE1 results in the secretion of the EGF-like domain from NRG1 type III as α-sEGF and β-sEGF, respectively. Using novel monoclonal antibodies generated against the identified cleavage sites the processing of NRG1 type III could also be confirmed in primary neurons. The soluble EGF-like domains were found to be functionally active and induced signaling pathways required for myelination in cultured Schwann cells. Furthermore, β-sEGF rescued the myelination deficit in the PNS of a zebrafish model lacking BACE1, thereby demonstrating its activity in vivo. Using cell culture and the zebrafish model the effects of BACE1- and ADAM17-mediated shedding on the activity of the soluble EGF-like domains were carefully dissected. In contrast to published evidence, however, both the BACE1- as well as the ADAM17-shed sEGF were found to be equally active and to promote myelination in vivo. Together this suggests that NRG1 type III dependent myelination is not only controlled by membrane-retained NRG1 type III but also in a contact-independent manner via proteolytic liberation of the EGF-like domain.
The second part of this study investigates the processing of the C-terminal fragment (CTF) which remains after shedding of NRG1 type III. Intramembranous cleavage of the CTF by the γ-secretase was previously shown to release the NRG1 intracellular domain, which acts as transcriptional regulator of proteins involved in neuronal maturation and brain plasticity. Interestingly, a mutation within the TMD of NRG1 type III is associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia linking γ-secretase processing of NRG1 type III to this neurological disorder. Using a novel antibody against the N-terminus of the NRG1 CTF it was possible to detect a NRG1 β-peptide that is secreted during γ-secretase cleavage and could potentially serve as marker for this processing. Moreover, by means of mass spectrometry, the precise cleavage sites within the TMD of NRG1 could be identified. Strikingly, the ɛ-like cleavage site was found to be located exactly at the position of the schizophrenia-associated mutation providing a possible mechanism for the reported interference of this mutation with γ-secretase cleavage. The evidence presented unambiguously establishes NRG1 type III as a γ-secretase substrate and provides a basis for further investigation of the mechanisms which link its processing to the development of schizophrenia.
In summary and with regard to BACE1 and γ-secretase being prime targets for a potential AD therapy, the results of this work call for further careful investigation of the consequences of altered NRG1 type III signaling due to chronic treatment with inhibitors.


The economic system of Islam is an integral part of Islamic law that a complete and universal. Aiming to achieve prosperity and happiness of human life in this world and hereafter (Falah). The development of the economic system of Islam in Indonesia along with the entry process and the development of Islamic law in Indonesia. The process of entry and the development of the economic system of Islam in Indonesia strongly supported and influenced the social conditions, culture, community activities and religious system adopted by the people of Indonesia. Islam arrived in Indonesia with trade missions and preaching greatly facilitate the acceptance and implementation of the economic system of Islam in Indonesia, where most of the kingdoms in Indonesia is located in the coastal areas which most economic activity is trade. The collapse of the kingdom of Srivijaya and Majapahit kingdoms rose and encourage the formation of the Islamic empire in many coastal areas in Indonesia. So that the establishment of the Islamic empire that begins with propaganda, acculturation with the local culture as well as interaction in trade accelerates economic growth and development of Islam in Indonesia. The role of Islam in Indonesia economic power affects people very vital for the fight against colonialism, the national movement, the formation of the country's economic, scientific studies and Islamic institutional strengthening economy.