Microrobots are used nowadays in several fields of application, specially in mini invasive surgery. However, they are rather difficult to be constructed, and the traditional micro machining tools are not adequate yet to built the smaller parts. The construction of the microrobots is even harder if more than one D.O.F. are required for the mechanism, because these systems are more complicated. This paper deals with the development of a 3 D.O.F. planar micro platform with remote system of actuation. The new approach of design and manufacturing is based on two innovative solutions: a) the adoption of the technologies used to built MEMS, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems; b) the introduction of new flexural hinge to develop compliant micro mechanisms. The new concept of flexural hinge is described in the paper, also from a theoretical point of view. Several example of possible structures are proposed and analyzed, together with their remote wire actuation systems. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been also adopted to analyze the system performance under small deformations. The principle of fabrication is, then, described. The process consists of a sequence of single steps which have allowed to achieved an overall maximum size down to 3–4 mm and the minimum thickness of the smaller components down to 50µm.


The sensitivity of atomic scattering factors to valence charge distributions has been compared quantitatively for X-ray and electron diffraction. It is found that below a critical scattering vector, s (|s| = sinθ/λ), ranging typically from 0.2 to 0.6 A−1 depending on the atomic number, electron diffraction is more sensitive to valence charge densities than X-ray diffraction. Thus, electron diffraction provides crucial electronic structure information via the low-order structure factors, which are relatively insensitive to thermal vibrations, but sensitive to the charge distribution that characterizes the chemical bonding properties of the materials. On the other hand, the high-order structure factors, which are mainly influenced by atomic position and core charge, in many cases can be replaced by structure factors of a procrystal (superposition of neutral atoms), or by calculated structure factors from modern density functional theory (DFT), without losing significant accuracy. This is demonstrated by detailed analyses of an MgB2 superconductor. The work reveals the importance of accurate determination of a very few low-order structure factors in valence electron density studies, and suggests the merit of the combined use of electron diffraction and DFT calculations for solids, especially those with large unit cells and nanocrystalline grains, unsuitable for X-ray studies.


The present invention provides a display system comprising a liquid crystal display (LCD) controller and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) driver circuit. The LCD controller can be a mono Super twisted nematic (STN) and gray scale and color thin film transistor (TFT) controller. The LCD controller processes general format data and accordingly generates segment control signals and common control signals. The OLED driver circuit according to a general embodiment of the display system of the present invention comprises an OLED segment driver with a corresponding segment interface adopter processing the segment control signals from the LCD controller, and an OLED common driver with a corresponding common interface adopter pro cessing the common control signals from the LCD control ler. According to a further embodiment, the display system further comprises a drive strength selector controlling the drive strength in the OLED segment driver. The display system according to the present invention can also include a drive strength selector controlling the drive strength in the OLED common driver.


Homeownership as a cultural mainstay has proved difficult for low-income Americans both post-recession and in times of post-disaster recovery. This paper examines the challenges and benefits of homeownership for low-income homeowners of North Minneapolis struggling to maintain their homes in the aftermath of two crises: the great recession and a devastating tornado. Furthermore, this research examines the challenges of ownership for this vulnerable population in light if its role in the formation of place attachment to home. Data for this paper was gathered through an ethnographic study of low-income North Minneapolis homeowners being assisted by the home repair non-profit Rebuilding Together Twin Cities. Gaining an understanding of the issues faced by low-income homeowners experiencing the adverse effects of the housing crisis as well as a natural disaster will illuminate the complex nature of ownership and place attachment, and allow us to serve communities in need in a way that is conscientious of their experiences.


—Software testing is essential process for maintaining the quality of software. Due to changes in customer demands or industry, software needs to be updated regularly. Therefore software becomes more complex and test suite size also increases exponentially. As a result, testing incurs a large overhead in terms of time, resources, and costs associated with testing. Additionally, handling and operating huge test suites can be cumbersome and inefficient, often resulting in duplication of effort and redundant test coverage. Test suite minimization strategy can help in resolving this issue. Test suite reduction is an efficient method for increasing the overall efficacy of a test suite and removing obsolete test cases. The paper demonstrates an improved artificial bee colony optimization algorithm for test suite minimization. The exploitation behavior of algorithm is improved by amalgamating the teaching learning based optimization technique. Second, the learner performance factor is used to explore the more solutions. The aim of the algorithm is to remove the redundant test cases, while still ensuring effectiveness of fault detection capability. The algorithm compared against three established methods (GA, ABC, and TLBO) using a benchmark dataset. The experiment results show that proposed algorithm reduction rate more than 50% with negligible loss in fault detection capability. The results obtained through empirical analysis show that the suggested algorithm has surpassed the other algorithms in performance.


ncidence of primary tumours in the ear is rare and secondary tumours are exceedingly rare. In the available literature of tumours of the ear, the major contributions in the 20th Century are the accounts of radiotherapy by Lederman t and of surgery by Lewis . The various sites from which metastatic carcinoma to the ear have been reported are kidney, lung, prostate, breast, colon and uterus, the commonest of which is from the kidney. Only 2 cases of metastatic mammary carcinoma have so far been reported. Case Report A forty year old female presented in the O. P. D. with a right sided facial weakness of one week duration. This was associated with pain in the right ear which was progressive in nature. There was no history of trauma or ear discharge. The patient had undergone a right radical mastectomy for breast adenocarcinoma one year ago and had taken post-operative radio therapy at the Tata Hospital, Bombay.


Acoustic oscillations of flue instruments are investigated numerically using compressible Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Investigating 2D and 3D models of flue instruments, we reproduce acoustic oscillations excited in the resonators as well as an important characteristic feature of flue instruments – the relation between the acoustic frequency and the jet velocity described by the semi-empirical theory developed by Cremer & Ising, Coltman and Fletcher et al. based on experimental results. Both 2D and 3D models exhibit almost the same oscillation frequency for a given jet velocity, but the acoustic oscillation as well as the jet motion is more stable in the 3D model than in the 2D model, due to less stability in 3D fluid of the rolled up eddies created by the collision of the jet with the edge, which largely disturb the jet motion and acoustic field in the 2D model. We also investigate the ratio of the amplitude of the acoustic flow through the mouth opening to the jet velocity, comparing with the experimental results and semi-empirical theory given by Hirschberg et al. .


AbstractThe conservation of immovable cultural property—outdoor monuments, buildings, archaeological sites, and landscapes—is a relatively recent profession, yet one that has grown out of earlier 19th-century restoration theories. Although part of the broader conservation context, architectural conservation presents unique problems due to the issues of context, immobility, size, scale, and complexity of use and materials. These issues are examined with respect to established standards for the examination, documentation, and treatment of traditional historic and artistic works.


Leading causes of death in developed countries are cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenols, namely flavonoids and phenolic acids, have many pharmacological properties that can explain their protective role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: antioxidant capacity, vasorelaxation, anti-inflammatory and antiaggregatory effects. Benfitial effects of natural sources of polyphenolics on platelet aggregation souch as wine (Franch paradox), green tea (Asian paradox), dark chocolate, gingko, propolis are well documented. The goal of this work is to determine molecular descriptors responsible for antiaggregatory effect of flavonoids based on the set of thirty flavonoids. The biological end point was defined as minimal concentration of flavonoid that can lower the platelet aggregation statistically compared to the negative control. Measurements were done on the whole blood using Multiplate® (multiple platelet functional analyzer) and adenosine diphosphate as weak agonist of aggregation (ADP test). Molecular descriptors were generated using MOPAC 7 (Stewart Computational Chemistry, USA), ACD/ChemSketch Freeware (Advanced Chemistry Development, USA), ChemFileBrowser (Hyleos, USA) and TAM (Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Croatia). These included: steric (molecular weight, volume, area), hydrophobic parameters (Hansch's parameter), molar refraction and electronic parameters (total energy, HOMO, LUMO, dipole moment, partial charges, bond orders). Statistical analysis was done in Statistica v7.1 while prediction, based on random forests and leave-one-out external validation, has been made within R v2.8.1 environment. Preliminary results suggest Mulliken's partial atom charge and substituent charge as the most important molecular features for modeling of antiaggregatory effects of selected flavonoids. The determination of structural and electronic features responsible for antiaggregatory efficacy of flavonoids will provide basis for either synthesis of new flavonoids or selection of potent flavonoids from natural sources.


Encke-type comet 332P/Ikeya-Murakami is experiencing cascading fragmentation events during its 2016 apparition. It is likely the first splitting Encke-type comet ever observed. A nongravitational solution to the astrometry reveals a statistical detection of the radial and transverse nongravitational parameters, au day−2 and au day−2, respectively, which implies a nucleus erosion rate of ‰ per orbital revolution. The mass-loss rate likely has to be supported by a much larger fraction of an active surface area than known cases of short-period comets; it may be relevant to the ongoing fragmentation. We failed to detect any serendipitous pre-discovery observations of the comet in archival data from major sky surveys, whereby we infer that 332P used to be largely inactive, and is perhaps among the few short-period comets that have been reactivated from weakly active or dormant states. We therefore constrain an upper limit to the nucleus size as 2.0 ± 0.2 km in radius. A search for small bodies in similar orbits to that of 332P reveals comet P/2010 B2 (WISE) to be the best candidate. From an empirical generalized Jupiter-family (Encke-type included) comet population model, we estimate the likelihood of a chance alignment of the 332P–P/2010 B2 pair to be 1 in 33, a small number indicative of a genetic linkage between the two comets on a statistical basis. The pair possibly originated from a common progenitor, which underwent a disintegration event well before the twentieth century.


The incorporation of ICTsin education had generatedsome not fulfilled expectations, regarding theirimpact in learning. The article discuss the mainreasons of...


West verging thrusts, synthetic with the Nazca‐South America subduction interface, have been recently discovered at the western front of the Andes. At ~33°30′S, the active San Ramón fault stands as the most frontal of these west verging structures and represents a major earthquake threat for Santiago, capital city of Chile. Here we elaborate a detailed 3‐D structural map and a precise cross section of the West Andean fold‐and‐thrust belt based on field observations, satellite imagery, and previous structural data, together with digital topography. We then reconstruct the evolution of this frontal belt using a trishear kinematic approach. Our reconstruction implies westward propagation of deformation with a total shortening of 9–15 km accumulated over the last 25 Myr. An overall long‐term shortening rate of 0.1–0.5 mm/yr is deduced. The maximum value of this shortening rate compares well with the rate that may be inferred from recent trench data across the San Ramón fault and the slip associated with the past two Mw > 7 earthquakes. This suggests that the San Ramón fault is most probably the only presently active fault of the West Andean fold‐and‐thrust‐belt and that most—if not all—the deformation is to be released seismically.


Given a prime q and a negative discriminant D, the CM method constructs an elliptic curve E/Fq by obtaining a root of the Hilbert class polynomial HD(X) modulo q. We consider an approach based on a decomposition of the ring class field defined by HD, which we adapt to a CRT setting. This yields two algorithms, each of which obtains a root of HD mod q without necessarily computing any of its coefficients. Heuristically, our approach uses asymptotically less time and space than the standard CM method for almost all D. Under the GRH, and reasonable assumptions about the size of log q relative to ∣D∣, we achieve a space complexity of O((m+n)log q) bits, where mn=h(D) , which may be as small as O(∣D∣1/4 log q) . The practical efficiency of the algorithms is demonstrated using ∣D∣>1016 and q≈2256, and also ∣D∣>1015 and q≈233220. These examples are both an order of magnitude larger than the best previous results obtained with the CM method.


Kyeonghyeon-Rok has two major editions, Suncheon Edition and Dodong Edition. The initial Kyeonghyeon-Rok were published by Lee Jeong in 1563. It was revised in opinion of Lee Hwang. And those twO were merged into Suncheon Edition in 1565. Since then Kyeonghyeon-Rok had been revised several times by Jeong Gu, Kim Haseok, et al. Kyeonghyeon-Rok revised by Kim Haseok and published in Dodong Seoweon was called Dodong Edition. This article would trace back the compiliation of Dodong Edition in succession to the preceding research(The contents and the compilation of Kyeonghyeon-Rok, Suncheon Edition) In advance of Kim Haseok's revising, Jeong Gu had compiled Kyeonghyeon-Rok which was called Hangang Edition. Before Hangang Edition, Kyeonghyeon-Rok was the book about both Kim Goengpil and Jo Wi who was a teacher in Suncheon same as Kim Goengpil. However, Jeong Gu divided Kyeonghyeon-Rok into two part. The main part of Hangang Edition became a book only about Kim Goengpil. The writings about Jo Wi and some unimportant articles written by Kim Goengpil sent out to the supplement. Another feature of Hangang Edition is that the book gathered information about Kim Goengpil's relationship as a scholar and a politics. Through his ralatives, Kim Goengpil became an important Confucian figure, especially as a member of Sarimpa. In 17th century, Kim Haseok, an descendant of Kim Goengpil, published Dodong Edition. It was not only revised edition of Hangang Edition but also had plentiful supplement materials. The most notable feature of Dodong Edition was the contents about Kim Goengpil's Enshrinement in the Munmyo. Because, By Enshrinement in the Munmyo, Kim Goengpil's position in Confucian history was officially approved. Besides the differences in contents, there were significant changes between Suncheon Edition and Dodong Edition. It was about the main agent of researching and publishing Kyeonghyeon-Rok. At first, Kyeonghyeon-Rok was published by Sarimpa. However, since dong clition, it was Kim Goengpil's descendants who revised and published Kyeonghyeon-Rok.


In 1995, the Israeli writer Maya Arad was completing a Ph.D. in Linguistics at University College London, when she picked up a copy of The Golden Gate, the debut novel of the Indian author Vikram Seth. Published in 1986, Seth's novel about academic life in the San Francisco Bay Area consisted entirely of Pushkin sonnets, a variation on the sonnet form developed by the nineteenth century Russian poet Aleksandr Pushkin for his narrative poem Yevgeny Onegin (Seth 1986). Seth's novel inspired Arad to revisit Pushkin's Onegin in the Russian original, and it was this rereading that prompted Arad to take a closer look at Avraham Shlonsky's highly lauded 1937 Hebrew translation of Onegin (Shlonsky 1937), which she has described as, "the best translation ever written for the most perfect masterpiece of world literature" (Arad 2008).1 These three texts – Pushkin's Russian classic, Shlonsky's Hebrew translation and Seth's contemporary English-language novel – persuaded Arad to write a Hebrew novel-in-verse on contemporary Israeli identity from an expatriate perspective. By the time she completed the first draft of her novel, Arad herself was living in California, where she has been a writer-in-residence at Stanford University for many years – and also where Seth had resided during the writing of The Golden Gate. Published in 2003, Arad's Makom acher ve-'ir zara (Another Place, a Foreign City) was an immediate bestseller in Israel, where it won numerous literary prizes and was later made into a stage musical that ran at the Cameri Theater in Tel Aviv for a year, starring the Palestinian Israeli actress Mira Awad. In the Israeli press, appraisals of Another Place, a Foreign City focused on its linguistic virtuosity and its complex portrayal of Israeli identity vis-à-vis immigration (Lev-Ari 2005; Melamed 2003; Melcer 2003). Describing the novel's rich language, Liam Azoulay-Yagev wrote, "for lovers of Hebrew, this rhyming book is the equivalent of a mound of ice cream with syrup, whipped cream, and a cherry on top" (Azoulay-Yagev 2004). In fact, the writer and linguistic Ruvik Rosenthal was even moved to compose his own review in Pushkin sonnets (Rosenthal 2004). In addition to the themes of identity that Arad explores, the novel also brought together her interests in translation, intertextuality, classic poetic forms, and the continued influence of the Russian literary tradition on


Facilities and infrastructure represent a major investment of capital and resources for transit authorities. To protect this investment and maximize investment returns, a comprehensive and executable maintenance program for structures, equipment, and utilities is essential. With this in mind, this article provides an overview of Facility Maintenance Plans (FMPs), which summarize a reasonable and effective process for development of a maintenance program for transit facilities. Computer Managed Maintenance Programs, used to execute FMPs, are also discussed.


Objective: To test the hypothesis that provider-to-provider tele-emergency department (tele-ED) care is associated with more 28-day hospital-free days and improved Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guideline adherence in rural emergency departments (EDs). Methods: Multicenter (n=23), propensity-matched, cohort study using medical records of sepsis patients from rural hospitals in a well-established, on-demand, rural video tele-ED network in the upper Midwest between August 2016 and June 2019. The primary outcome was 28-day hospital-free days, with secondary outcomes of 28-day in-hospital mortality and SSC guideline adherence. Results: A total of 1,191 patients were included in the analysis, with tele-ED used for 326 (27%). Tele-ED cases were more likely to be transferred to another hospital (88% vs. 8%, difference 79%, 95% CI 75-83%). After matching and regression adjustment, tele-ED cases did not have more 28-day hospital-free days (difference 0.80 days longer for non-tele-ED, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.87]-2.47) or 28-day in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.61, 95% CI 0.74-3.57). Adherence with both the SSC 3-hour bundle (aOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.24-2.70) and complete bundle (aOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.15-4.41) were similar. An a priori-defined subgroup analysis of patients treated by advanced practice providers suggested that the mortality was lower in the cohort with tele-ED use (aOR 0.19, 95% CI 0.04-0.90) despite no significant difference in complete SSC bundle adherence (aOR 2.48, 95% CI 0.45-13.76). Conclusions: Rural ED patients treated with provider-to-provider tele-ED care in a mature network appear to have similar clinical outcomes to those treated without.


According to differences including teaching experiences, abilities and levels, this paper firstly divides evaluation targets of college and university teachers' teaching quality into freshman teachers, adaptive teachers, expert teachers and problem teachers, then from aspect of reasonable combination of teaching work leaders, teacher colleagues, teaching supervisors and students, it narrates selection of evaluation bodies of differentiated college and university teachers' teaching quality, after that, this paper discusses evaluation period design for differentiated college and university teachers from two aspects: formal evaluation and informal evaluation, at last, this paper states evaluation mode setting of differentiated college and university teachers' teaching quality from aspects of different evaluation methods: Reflective teaching evaluation, professional group discussion, teaching archive bag, teaching log, class observation, 360 degree feedback method, etc..


The use of temperature logs in detecting fracture zones within a borehole is sufficiently documented in the literature. This is an indirect technique and has been used primarily for single-hole fracture characterization. Drilling fluid circulation and/or groundwater movements induce temperature anomalies that are interpreted to indicate permeable fractured zones. The use of temperature logs to map fracture interconnectivity between boreholes is not well documented. This paper presents an application of high resolution temperature logs in detecting fractured zones, mapping fracture connectivity between holes and in monitoring groundwater movements. A well system consisting of five vertical boreholes was drilled through sandstone to a depth of approximately 55 m, one hole at each corner of a 7.62 m (25 ft) square and one in the centre. These boreholes were drilled for experiments in connection with mine technology development conducted by Centaur Mining Exploration Limited. High resolution temperature logs and several other geophysical logs were acquired in these boreholes with the Geological Survey of Canada R&D logging system. Borehole fluid temperature logs recorded immediately after drilling and well development located several water-producing fracture zones by their characteristic temperature signatures.


To evaluate the applicability of multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis for Legionella subtyping,9 VNTR loci were selected to type 81 Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 strains isolated from environmental water in China.There were 6,3,4,2,3,3,2,4 and 7 different products amplified from 9 VNTR loci respectively.No specific amplification was obtained from several loci of some strains.Repeated sequences were identified in PCR products of 7 loci.No repeated sequence was found in all sequenced products from locus Lpms3 and in some products from locus Lpms31.The sequences of tandem repeats varied within the same isolate as among isolates.Incomplete tandem repeats were found in 3 loci.Based on the polymorphisms of 8 loci,81 Lp1 strains could be classified into 19 types.Comparatively,these strains could be divided into 46 species and 21 molecular types by PFGE and SBT respectively.So,MLVA was less sensitive for Legionella subtyping.But it was easy and low-cost,and could be used in relatively simply equipped laboratories.


We consider the problem of communicating information over a network secretly and reliably in the presence of a hidden adversary who can eavesdrop and inject malicious errors. We provide polynomial-time, rate-optimal distributed network codes for this scenario, improving on the rates achievable in (Ngai and Yeung, 2009). Our main contribution shows that as long as the sum of the adversary's jamming rate Z_O and his eavesdropping rate Z_I is less than the network capacity C, (i.e., Z_O + Z_I < C), our codes can communicate (with vanishingly small error probability) a single bit correctly and without leaking any information to the adversary. We then use this to design codes that allow communication at the optimal source rate of C - Z_O - Z_I, while keeping the communicated message secret from the adversary. Interior nodes are oblivious to the presence of adversaries and perform random linear network coding; only the source and destination need to be tweaked. In proving our results we correct an error in prior work (Jaggi and Langberg, 2007) by a subset of the authors in this work.


In this paper, a novel terahertz (THz) extended interaction oscillator (EIO) is presented. Adopting PIC code , design and optimization geometry of EIO is performed, which is composed of ladder loaded rectangular waveguide. In present work, the operation center frequency of THz EIO is 105GHz , and the output power 673W is achieved, the efficiency reaches 12.1%, which is beam voltage and beam current is 14 kV and 0.4A , respectively.


Objective:The content of taxol in fermentation broth was detected by HPLC.Method:The analytic samples were obtained from ethyl acetate extract of fermentation product of taxol producing strain.The HPLC separation was performed with benzene analytical column(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)in the flow rate of 1mL/min,the mobile phase was acetonitrile-methol-water(36∶ 4∶ 60),the injection volume was 20mL,the column temperature was room temperature.Result:Taxol and interfering substances can reach baseline separation.The calibration curve of peak area and taxol concentration was linear in the concentration range of 2.2-110μg/mL with good correlation coefficient(r=0.999 6).The average recovery rate was 99.55%,RSD 0.60%.Conclusion:The convenient analytical method on benzene column with high sensitivity and high accuracy did not require complicated sample pretreatment and complex instrument configuration,could be used to determine the content of taxol in fermentation broth effectively,compared to chromatographic condition on C18 column.


The superconducting state of SQUID is maintained by the cooling effect of liquid helium,thus as the liquid helium is consuming,an important instrument maintenance task is to transfer the liquid helium to the SQUID.Based on the practice work,an approach of "transferring liquid helium to SQUID under low pressure" was proposed.The approach was applied to the 760R SQUID of the key laboratory of western China's environmental systems of the ministry of education,and good results were achieved.The approach is reliable,efficient and safe.


126 Background: A growing body of evidence indicates that LGBT communities are disproportionately affected by cancer due to higher rates of traditional risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol, non-inclusion in educational campaigns, and minority stress. Due to the exclusion of sexual orientation and gender identity measures in national oncology databases, there has been difficulty documenting the extent of healthcare disparities that exist for LGBT cancer patients. However, an increasing number of studies describe the experiences of LGBT patients and their families at the end of life. Although societal attitudes and legal protections are shifting, the existing literature clearly indicates that LGBT patients in palliative and end-of-life care settings encounter unique barriers to quality care. For example, LGBT individuals may distrust specific members of palliative care teams, such as a pastor because of past rejections by faith-based communities. Other barriers include high levels of familial rejection, fear of revealing minority status, and a lack of legal protection.

METHODS
In 2014 and 2015, a CDC-funded multidisciplinary expert panel met to develop the best practices across the cancer care continuum for the LGBT community. The experts drew on available literature and clinical and community experience. They reached a consensus regarding recommendations that were later reviewed using a process that elicited comments from providers, patients, and community and national organizations.

RESULTS
Recommendations were made in 7 domains: 1) cancer prevention, 2) cancer screening, 3) diagnosis, 4) treatment, 5) survivorship, 6) palliative and end-of-life care, and 7) public health. Here we report the panel's recommendations for improving palliative and end-of-life care for LGBT cancer patients.

CONCLUSIONS
The barriers for LGBT cancer patients to access quality palliative and end-of-life care exist, and the subsequent healthcare disparities are often invisible to healthcare providers. Implementation of these national recommendations will help eliminate the disparities that LGBT patients and their families experience when facing cancer.


Communication on technological products refers to both knowledge systems as well as to communication patterns for conveying some knowledge in terms of concepts and topics. It is assumed that the meaning of concepts is dependent on the composition of knowledge systems and that this composition is culturally determined. In a more general view, it is assumed that not only technological artefacts have an impact on culture, but that also culturally based concepts (key concepts) have an impact on the development of technology (such as safety and security). In expert-nonexpert-communication or in cross-cultural communication different conceptual systems are applied for meaning construction in a way that the knowledge systems concerned are transformed into a new mix. This might become a problem of misunderstanding because this transformation of meaning usually is not even noticed nor refl ected because it is part of a »culture«. In this view, culture is considered to be what is obvious or what is a standard in communication. The present paper focuses on the product »motor-car« and applies a text-based approach of terminology on the concept of SICHERHEIT (SAFETY, SECURITY) that is part of a conceptual fi eld including some other terms such as RISK, DANGER, DAMAGE, PROTECTION. It is demonstrated – on the basis of a linguistic analysis – that different meanings of SICHERHEIT are to be taken into account according to the model of the person-machine-interaction that is applied.


We consider the probe of astrophysical signals through radio interferometers with a small field of view and baselines with a non-negligible and constant component in the pointing direction. In this context, the visibilities measured essentially identify with a noisy and incomplete Fourier coverage of the product of the planar signals with a linear chirp modulation. In light of the recent theory of compressed sensing and in the perspective of defining the best possible imaging techniques for sparse signals, we analyse the related spread spectrum phenomenon and suggest its universality relative to the sparsity dictionary. Our results rely both on theoretical considerations related to the mutual coherence between the sparsity and sensing dictionaries and on numerical simulations.


Interspecific hybridization between the viviparous fishes Poeciliopsis monacha and P. lucida has produced two all-female forms: P. monacha-lucida, which is diploid, and P. monacha-2 lucida, a triploid. To reproduce, both must be inseminated by males of P. lucida. Expansion of unisexual populations is limited by the ability to attract males, which discriminate against hybrid forms. Unisexual clones in nature differ in their proportions of pregnant females, and laboratory studies comparing reproductive behavior and pregnancy rates demonstrate that some clones are more successful than others at acquiring sperm. When clones are at equal frequencies in a population, some attract males more readily than others. Learning by males of P. lucida to discriminate against one unisexual clone does not generalize completely to new clones; thus, unfamiliar clones are more likely to be courted than familiar clones (Keegan-Rogers 1984). Although all members of a triploid clone are genetically identical, members of a diploid hemiclone share only an identical monacha genome. This study shows that the unfamiliar-female advantage persists among diploid hemiclones even when the lucida genome of clonal members varies, as in natural populations. Pregnancy experiments confirm that, at unequal clonal frequencies, individuals of a clone that is rare in a population and unfamiliar to a given male are more likely to be impregnated than those of a common or familiar clone. Males of all five strains of P. lucida used in this study (two highly inbred, one less inbred, and two relatively wild) preferred conspecific females to unisexuals. No differences were found among the strains in the strength of their tendencies to choose either conspecifics over unisexuals or unfamiliar clones over familiar clones. We discuss how genetic differences in sexual attractiveness among clones and a rare-female advantage may help to explain the widespread establishment and continued coexistence of numerous clones.


The achievable superresolution performance of DoA-estimation procedures is severely degraded by imperfect antenna array behavior. To tackle against that, array calibration is required. A promising procedure has been described, which is especially well suited as a pre-processing step for ESPRIT-type algorithms. The quality of calibration, however, is affected by various measurement and modeling errors. In this paper, a simulation study on the most important errors is given which includes wavefield distortions caused by non-planar wavefronts, parasitic reflections of the calibration measurement environment, and nonzero relative bandwidth. The resulting performance is demonstrated by unitary ESPRIT-based DoA-estimation. Procedures for enhancement of the quality of calibration are discussed. Measurement results are given, which are based on a wideband vector radio channel sounder 1 .


The etching of HfO[Formula: see text] and ZrO[Formula: see text] high-k dielectrics is studied using plasma enhanced atomic layer etching. The etching method relies on a continuous argon inductively coupled plasma discharge in which reactive gases are pulsed, followed by substrate biasing; both steps are separated by purge periods. It is found that pure BCl[Formula: see text] is too chemically active while a Cl[Formula: see text]–BCl[Formula: see text] allows a high process synergy; in addition, the latter gives a high selectivity to SiO[Formula: see text]. The optimal etch conditions are applied to high-k layers deposited on top of WS[Formula: see text] transition metal dichalcogenide. Postetch analysis shows negligible tungsten and sulfur depletion as well as negligible change in optical (Raman) response of the 2D layer, indicating that atomic layer etching concepts allows us to prevent WS[Formula: see text] material loss or damage.


The application of Annular Electromagnetic Stirring (A-EMS) for production of high-quality slurry has been examined. Al-11%Zn-3%Mg-1%Cu-0.13%Zr alloy was used to investigate the effect of A-EMS at various temperatures above liquidus on structure refinement. The results indicate that the grain size was reduced greatly and the homogeneous structure was achieved. Instead of the case in tradition, the nucleation particles gradually formed and the enhanced grain refining efficiency can be mainly attributed to an instantaneous nucleation of numerous heterogeneous nucleation of Al3Zr in the superheating melt under A-EMS.


Modern stainless steels are used in a wide variety of environments. The expected failure mechanisms of components are largely dependent upon the exact applications. In the present paper, the effect of nitrogen alloying on different wear mechanisms of stainless steels is considered. Failure by wear may include several specific mechanisms acting separately or simultaneously. The wear resistance is discussed in terms of adhesive and abrasive wear, as well as cavitation erosion. The emphasis is put on austenitic stainless steels, because the effect of nitrogen is the most profound in such alloys.


Two modifications of Voter's hyperdynamics scheme offer significant speedup of molecular dynamics simulations. ~1! A simple construction of the bias potential—a few tens of lines of code—is validated for three systems. ~2! A local construction of the bias potential permits the use of intuition to further improve the statistical error. These results suggest widespread applicability and the possibility of overcoming the unfavorable exponential scaling of molecular dynamics simulations as the temperature is lowered. @S0163-1829~98!03917-4#


An object of the present invention is to provide an up-link structure for the new multiplexing to support the legacy system. 16m system A diversity mode may be multiplexed in FDM manner a 16e system and the same tile / Par mutation rules PUSC mode. 16m system are multiplexed 16e system and FDM scheme and / or TDM scheme AMC mode. Multiplexed 16e PUSC packet and / or time length of 16m packet is extended to two or more sub-frame for the uplink coverage. When multiplexed by FDM scheme, for the 16m system PRU is 16 subcarriers and 6 OFDMA symbols, 18 subcarriers and 6 OFDMA symbols, or 20 subcarriers and 6 consisting of OFDMA symbol. .The 10


To a certain extent, the WTO's General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) has remained in the shadow of its precursor in merchandise trade, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Apart from some sector-specific liberalization moves in the wake of the Uruguay Round (UR), i.e. after January 1995, it has attracted relatively little attention as a multilateral instrument to further advance and bind liberalization in services trade. Moreover, there are still gaps in the Agreement's framework of rules which remain to be filled. By the same token, the GATS has given rise to far fewer trade disputes than the GATT, despite its particularly broad structure in terms of permissible trade policy measures, application to product and factor flows (capital and labour), co-ordination problems within and between national administrations, and overlaps with other policy instruments, in particular investment treaties. This article intends to provide an overview assessment of what has been achieved under the Agreement and the many remaining challenges and uncertainties. In the end, it would be for forward-looking WTO Members, as in the past, to promote and defend a 'public good' called multilateralism in all its facets. Unfortunately, such Members are in short supply at present.


A nanodevice consisting of a conductive cylinder in an axial magnetic field with one-dimensional wires attached to its lateral surface is considered. An explicit form for transmission and reflection coefficients of the system as a function of electron energy is found from the first principles. The form and the position of transmission resonances and zeros are studied. It is found that, in the case of one wire being attached to the cylinder, reflection peaks occur at energies coinciding with the discrete part of the electronic spectrum of the cylinder. These peaks are split in a magnetic field. In the case of two wires the asymmetric Fano-type resonances are detected in the transmission between the wires for integer and half-integer values of the magnetic flux. The collapse of the resonances appears for certain position of contacts. Magnetic field splits transmission peaks and leads to spin polarization of transmitted electrons.


The public-private partnerships (PPPs) model provides a feasible framework for the delivery of public services. In recent years, the PPPs scheme was introduced to China, though, still on narrow scale. This step highlights the fact that the service provision by governments are insufficient and inefficient in their current form while various public services and infrastructures are required to meet the needs of the growing Chinese economy. A few local governments have realized the significance of the PPPs model applying it to public infrastructure projects. In China, the government plays an important role in promoting this model. However, many problems remain in applying this model to China. In this paper, we will analyze the present conditions and future trends of the PPPs model in its application to China from a theoretical as well as a practical perspective.


This study explored the concept of marketplace advocacy within the context of General Electric's "Ecomagination" environmental campaign. The study looked at what makes marketplace advocacy campaigns successful, how these campaigns are used to conceal environmental issues, and what concerns the public has with the corporations that implement these campaigns. The results indicated that marketplace advocacy is a powerful strategic communications tool that can be used by corporations to successfully alter public opinion and impact policy surrounding environmental concerns and issues.


Abstract We investigate the existence, multiplicity and bifurcation of solutions of a model nonlinear degenerate elliptic differential equation: − x 2 u ″= λu +| u | p −1 u in (0, 1); u (0)= u (1)=0. This model is related to a simplified version of the nonlinear Wheeler–DeWitt equation as it appears in quantum cosmological models. We prove the existence of multiple positive solutions. More precisely, we show that there exists an infinite number of connected branches of solutions which bifurcate from the bottom of the essential spectrum of the corresponding linear operator. Nous etudions ici l'existence, multiplicite et proprietes de bifurcation des solutions d'un probleme elliptique degenere: − x 2 u ″= λu +| u | p −1 u in (0, 1); u (0)= u (1)=0. Ce probleme modele est proche d'une version simplifiee et non-lineaire de l'equation de Wheeler–DeWitt, utilisee dans des modeles de Cosmologie quantique. Nous prouvons l'existence d'une infinite de branches de solutions qui bifurquent a partir de l'infimum du spectre continu de l'operateur lineaire correspondant.


Depending on the selected theoretical concept, Central Europe is a melting pot of several or over a dozen linguistic cultures which constantly interacted in the process of historical development. In this multi-national landscape, the presence of Slavs (Czechs, Poles, Slovaks as well as Lusatians, Kashubians or Lemkos) has been a constant element. The speakers have used two languages in a single act of communication which is a phenomenon of its own. This understanding is a tempting area of linguistic research. This text is dedicated to bilingual communication of Slavs with special emphasis placed on the processes of adaptation based on obtaining information from texts in written language (the seven sieves technique).


Abstract The current study explores students' collaboration and problem solving (CPS) abilities using a human-to-agent (H-A) computer-based collaborative problem solving assessment. Five CPS assessment units with 76 conversation-based items were constructed using the PISA 2015 CPS framework. In the experiment, 53,855 ninth and tenth graders in Taiwan were recruited, and a multidimensional item response analysis was used to develop CPS scales and represent the students' collaboration and problem solving performance. The results show that the developed H-A approach is feasible for measuring students' CPS skills, and the CPS scales are also shown to be reliable. In addition, the students' CPS performance scores are further explored and discussed under the PISA CPS framework.


The article offers an in-depth investigation into the history of, and post-war practices around, the most fundamental and indispensable architectural structure of the Nazi camps: the wooden prefabricated barrack hut.


Lieblein's method of order statistics is one of parameter estimation methods for the Type I extreme value distribution. This paper describes to expand Lieblein's method for the parameter estimation without subdividing a set of samples. Errors and variation of estimated parameters are examined numerically by comparing the proposed method with the original Lieblein's method and also with commonly used other methods and the usefulness of this method is discussed.


The purpose of this paper is to carry out a response evaluation of passive control structure with viscous dampers considering its performance decrement under long-period ground motion. An analytical model of the viscous damper that considered the performance decrement caused by long-period cyclic loading was proposed in this paper, and its accuracy was confirmed by comparing with test results. The time history response analysis using 20-storey model with the proposed viscous dampers was performed. It was verified that the response of the passive control structure with viscous dampers increases under some long-period ground motions.


According to the present situation of Chinese scientific and technical personnels for further education,the paper studies and probes into the credit system management of Chinese scientific and technical personnels for further education from the following aspects including the principle,the main content and the protecting system.


The article notes that the activities of industrial enterprises in modern conditions should be based on a high level of human resources. The model of estimation of personnel potential of industrial enterprises as one of the most important factors of influence on economic and financial results of enterprise activity is offered. The conclusion is made on the necessity of attracting, in order to increase the level of personnel potential of enterprises, to the staff of graduates of higher educational institutions, able to give optimal solutions for innovation and investment development of Ukrainian enterprises.


Spirituality is a hot topic of research in recent times in management arena. Though the organizational researchers have intensely started exploring this area, the studies related to selling organizations are few, and fewer are the studies related to selling organizations with individual (sales professional) as the unit of theory. The present study explores the relationship between 'individual spirituality at work' and sales professionals' 'job satisfaction', 'propensity to leave' and 'job commitment'. This work focuses on sales professionals across various industries. A cross-sectional survey method is adopted. Correlation analysis is done to reveal the hypothesized relationships. The results reveal that sales professionals' spirituality at work is positively related to job satisfaction and job commitment, and negatively related to propensity to leave. The results provide the relevance of spirituality at work to salespeople. The selling organizations can also utilize the information and promote the individual expression of spirituality at work.


Ethiopian manuscripts collection in Berlin, Germany, were mainly collected at the beginning of the 20th c. First by Johannes Flemming, who travelled in Shawa in 1905 and pruchased 70 manuscripts and 10 scrolls. Then Enno Littmann, In 1905 and 1906, collected manuscripts in Tigray, sponsored first by Princeton, second by the German He collected 149 manuscripts and 167 scrolls, and gave 48 manuscripts and 20 scrolls to the Royal Library in Berlin. Apart from a few items kept in Littmann's private collection and today in Halle-an-der-Saale, the rest became part of Robert Garret's manuscripts collection, who later donated them to Princeton in 1942 as part of the Garrett Collection. This article analyses the condition of collect of the manuscript in Ethiopia and depicts the most important codices.


Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is better and safer to carry missions for aerial photography for terrain feature documentation and surveillance. An aerial photography mechanism for camera gimbal control in conjunction with UAV autopilot system is proposed in this paper. A GPS-to-GPS target tracking is implemented into autopilot flight control system to aim at the assigned fixed point target. In order to properly control dynamic photography, coordinate conversion from airborne gimbal frame into the Earth frame via UAV body frame coordinates should be correctly aligned to the target. To avoid gimbal lock problem, the 3D quaternion-based attitude estimation from GPS and IMU is formulated. The UAV autopilot and target tracking control can be implemented on microcontroller with a reliable and stable performance. A UAV autopilot is designed and implemented mounting with 3D gimbal fixture for realization and flight tests. Flight experiment results show good system performance to accomplish the proposed objective.


The invention relates to a control valve (14) for a device (1) for altering the valve timing for gas exchange valves (110, 111) in an internal combustion engine (100). A non-return valve (54) is located within an annular groove (44) formed on one of the components of the control valve (14) and pressure medium flows through said annular groove. The aim is, in particular, to facilitate assembly. ® KIPO & WIPO 2008


A flexible TFT employing ultra‐low‐temperature process (< 400 degree‐C) was demonstrated. Two impacts after delamination were observed, including threshold voltage shift and punch‐through‐like deterioration. Scenarios regarding gate insulator quality and carrier injection was proposed and discussed.


Reservoir rock typing is the most important part of all reservoir modelling. For integrated reservoir rock typing, static and dynamic properties need to be combined, but sometimes these two are incompatible. The failure is due to the misunderstanding of the crucial parameters that control the dynamic behaviour of the reservoir rock and thus selecting inappropriate methods for defining static rock types. In this study, rock types were defined by combining the SCAL data with the rock properties, particularly rock fabric and pore types. First, air-displacing-water capillary pressure curues were classified because they are representative of fluid saturation and behaviour under capillary forces. Next the most important rock properties which control the fluid flow and saturation behaviour (rock fabric and pore types) were combined with defined classes. Corresponding petrophysical properties were also attributed to reservoir rock types and eventually, defined rock types were compared with relative permeability curves. This study focused on representing the importance of the pore system, specifically pore types in fluid saturation and entrapment in the reservoir rock. The most common tests in static rock typing, such as electrofacies analysis and porosity–permeability correlation, were carried out and the results indicate that these are not appropriate approaches for reservoir rock typing in carbonate reservoirs with a complicated pore system.


The applicator used in ultrasonic treatment systems, imaging annular transducer is to the structure surrounding the transducer for ultrasonic treatment. In the treatment transducer or imaging annular transducer generates an illumination signal to generate an echo signal sequentially or simultaneously irradiated with the illumination signal in the region of interest within the tissue, receiving the echo signal by the imaging annular transducer in the wave receiving element to wave. Capture an image of the fixation region within the tissue by analyzing the echo signals with the processor.


Since the bonanza method had been discovered and proved to be required to make a strong Japanese chess program, the idea of applying it to the other 2-player perfect information game like Arimaa is proposed. In order to create a strong Arimaa program, the study aims to create the evaluation function that enables the accurate positional evaluation by using supervised learning algorithm called bonanza.


Along with the increasing complexity of IT, frequent changes and updates to new technologies have made developing an effective help desk challenging. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different media on the end-users' satisfaction of help desk functions. The major theme of this paper is to show that when electronic media are combined and properly used with conventional human-based media higher end-user satisfaction can be achieved. Media richness theory is used to develop hypotheses about the relationship between media choice and end-user satisfaction for help desk functions. Survey results support that use of richer media is related to help desk satisfaction through assurance, and end-users who use various types of communication media have a higher satisfaction level when they match the media choice to different types of problems. The result suggests that automating help desks should be considered as a way to provide more various options to end-users, not a total solution for help desks, and automation should be more carefully designed depending on problem types.


The diffusion and thermodiffusion coefficients of binary hydrocarbon mixtures have been measured and analyzed in detail elsewhere, as one step forward here we measured the separation of tetrahydronaphthalene, isobutylbenzene, and dodecane mixture in a ternary hydrocarbon mixture, at five different compositions due to thermal gradients, and we determined the Soret and diffusion coefficients of this mixture. The thermodiffusion experiment was conducted by means of a Mach‐Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) using two wavelengths and in a low gravity environment on board the International Space Station (ISS). Thus, we report the chemical concentration variations of the various cases obtained by the recently developed processing technique. Eventually, based on the transient behavior of the separation of the components, the Soret coefficient of all three components for various compositions of this mixture were measured.


Unemployed young people are often characterized in the press, in policy discussions, and even in scholarly work as "social dynamite" or some other explosive material. This explosive imagery has significantly shaped youth employment policy over the past twenty years. The thesis of this paper is that policy that emphasizes riot prevention is misguided. More constructive directions are suggested, such as looking at youth problems more broadly, creating genuine opportunities for young people to contribute to society, and examining alternatives to traditional market employment for young people.


A detailed examination of the BNFL leukaemia data is presented, for the period 1946-1995, using the recently assembled company wide BNFL epidemiological database and the BNFL leukaemia case-control data set. The association of this occupationally exposed cohort is examined with respect to both leukaemia mortality and leukaemia morbidity. The excess relative risk for total leukaemia excluding chronic lymphatic leukaemia amongst the BNFL radiation workers was found to be 3.64 Sv (90% CI –0.13-11.22); for Sellafield and Springfields this figure was 7.99 Sv (90% CI 1.50-29.5) and –1.97 Sv (90% CI <-2.23-6.11) respectively. A 14-20% increase in risk is noted when dosimetry adjusted for measurement error, is used to determine the excess relative risk. The association between leukaemia and cumulative external radiation is found to be particularly associated with the Sellafield plant; the Springfields plant gave consistently negative risk estimates.


GEM gas detector is a type of Micro-pattern gas detectors, which has a wide potential in particle physics experiment and lower energy X-ray imaging system. In this paper a tri-GEM gas detector was developed, and the gas gain, energy resolution and charge transfer efficiency of the tri-GEM detector were studied with source of Fe-55. The results of the test indicate that more than 105 effective gain and about 24% energy resolution of 5.9keV X ray of the tri-GEM detector can be reached. The results also show that when the electric field in transfer region is more than 3kV/(cm-atm), the best,energy resolution of the tri-GEM detector can be obtained.


Rice yellow mottle, virus (RYMV) which was first recorded in Kenya in 1966,  is now considered one of the most important diseases in tropical Africa. Surveys were conducted in rice growing aeas in Tanzania to determine the incidence severityand distribution of RYMV in the country. The virus was found in all rice  growing areas surveyed. The incidence and severity of RYMV varied depending on the cultivar grown. In another study, one hundred and twenty varieties and introduced rice material were screened for resistance to RYMV. Thirty eight cultivars showed resistance to the disease in the field and of these only sixteen cultivars were highly resistant to RYMV. ReductIon in grain yield in susceptible varieties ranged from 25 to 100%. Some rice test plants which were not inoculated with the virus showed symptoms of RYMV while other symptomatic plants recorded no yield. High yielding and phenotypically acceptable cutivars such as IR 53234-27-1. CT6948-7-4-2, CABACU and IR 47686-15-5-1 can be used as short-term replacement of the existing susceptable varieties in areas severely affected by RYMV. Keywords: Disease, Oryza sativa , rice yellow mottle virus yield loss Tanzania J. Agri. Sc. (2000) Vol. 3 No. 2. 87-96


TABLE OF CONTENTS, Preface, Acknowledgements, Chapter 1 SELECTION AND ADAPTATION The concept of evolution, Natural selection, Survival of the fittest, Three assumptions about adaptations, The EEA, The argument from design, Design flaws in evolution, The Swiss army knife model of the mind, The triune brain, The costs and benefits of human brain evolution, The evolutionary psychology of evolutionary psychology. Chapter 2 GENETICS AND EPIGENETICS: Inheritance and acquired characteristics, Blending inheritance and mutation, Mendel, the discovery of DNA, The genetic code, Development and preformation, Epigenesis, The role of the single Gene, Genetic and environmental determinism, The problem with programming behaviour, Epigenetic agents, Chapter 3 THE EVOLUTION & PSYCHOLOGY OF CO--OPERATION: Super--organisms and group selection, Individualism in groups, The problem of altruism, Hamiltona s inequality, Kin altruism, Inclusive fitness, Prisonera s dilemma, Iterated prisonera s dilemma, Familiarity and reputation, The evolved psychology of reciprocity, Cognitive adaptations for social exchange. Chapter 4 MIND, EMOTION AND CONSCIOUSNESS: Anti--mentalism, Autism and theory of mind, Darwina s three principles of the expression of the emotions, Evolutionary psychology and The Expression of the Emotions, The pleasure principle, Freud and Darwin, Trivera s evolutionary psychodynamics of consciousness, Divided consciousness, Mental topography & brain lateralization, Chapter 5 SEX, MATING AND PARENTAL INVESTMENT: Sex and parental investment, Variance of reproductive success, Mating systems, Divorce and remarriage, Human sexual adaptations, Mating preferences, Sex, scent and the selfish gene, Sex ratios, Sex discrimination, abortion and infanticide in humans. Chapter 6 GROWTH, DEVELOPMEMT AND CONFLICT: Parent--offspring conflict, Genomic imprinting, Conflict in pregnancy, Imprinted genes and brain development, Postnatal depression, Weaning conflicts, Psychological conflict between parent and child, Genetic conflict and Freudian psychodynamics, The evolution of ambivalence. Chapter 7 NATURE, NURTURE, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE: Evolutionary psychology and the SSSM, Memes, Conditioning, The nurture assumption, Language, Turnera s syndrome, The nature of nurture. Glossary of technical terms, References, Index


Alexander Romanovich Luria (1902–1977) was a Russian neurologist and psychologist recognized as one of the preeminent neuropsychologists of the twentieth century. His primary interest was the study of the cerebral localization of psychological functions, but he also was involved in developmental psychology, cross-cultural cognitive research, the study of frontal lobe impairments, aphasiology, educational and rehabilitative interventions, and personal biographies of individuals with unusual cognitive characteristics.

Keywords:

Soviet psychology;
neuropsychology;
cultural research


Many organizations encounter problems in constructing the organizational risk management from the projects' risks information in a bottom‐up approach. The main problem dealing with the bottom‐up approach, i.e., to collect the risks values from the projects, and accumulate them to the organization level, is how to reflect both, very high‐edge risky projects and "more of the same" projects as well as "Mega" projects and small ones, on the same scale. In this article, we have suggested a new methodology that will give the organization's management this unique view on one chart. It will also help defining the norms of that organization in respect to which projects are within the "normal behavior" (Balanced Projects), and which projects are outside the "normal behavior" (Unbalanced Projects).


Human breath contains widely varying amounts of excited state molecules. which emit light as they decay to the ground state (FIG. 1). Ingestion of beer has been found to quench this luminescence by 50 to 90%. The fact that radical ion reactions cannot be carried out in the presence of significant amounts of protic impurities such as water or alcohols' suggests the participation of radical intermediates in breath luminescence. Free radicals are considered to be intermediates in a number of physiological reaction^'.^ and are often volatile enough to be components of breath. If the subject breathes an atmosphere of pure oxygen, breath chemiluminescence intensity increases markedly (FIG. 2). This result is consistent with a general theory of hyperoxic stress which holds that increased concentrations of free radicals are responsible for oxygen toxi~ity.~.' When breath is blown into a cuvette containing hypochlorite (bleach) or luminol and KFeCN in pH 9 ammonia buffer these solutions produce 2-3 times as much light as pumping air through them. The luminol and hypochlorite luminescence reactions respond to hydrogen peroxide but lack absolute specifi~ity.~.' Oxygen in various forms is a participant in many chemiluminescent reactions, but owing to the extensive possibilities for interconversion of these forms." it is not known which oxygen species are reactive in the production of chemiluminescence. Furthermore, some of these species may transfer energy to some acceptor molecule, which then emits its own characteristic spectrum." There are many possible acceptors in breath." Breath collected in rubber balloons and slowly bubbled through a cuvette containing a hydrogen peroxide a ~ s a y ' ~ . ' ~ system (scopoletin and horseradish peroxidase) produces a change in the signal indicating greater than nanomolar concentration of an oxidant such as H,O, in breath (FIG. 3). Catalase activity in lung tissue is not widely documented and the possibility arises that the lung does not require high catalase activity because it has mechanical means of decreasing hydrogen peroxide concentrations by exhalation. Chronic smokers produce lung flora with exceptionally high macrophage populations as obtained by pulmonary lavage.'' There are several recent reports of hydrogen peroxide release by phagocytosing cells including the pulmonary macrophage. Corresponding to this is the increase in breath chemiluminescence shortly after cigarette smoking (FIG. 4). Smoking activates macrophages.'6 The apparatus employed in the chemiluminescence experiments was a standard photon counter with an ideal light collector attached by a PVC adaptor. The light collector served simultaneously as a breath collector and was fitted with exhausts (FIG. 5).


The problems raised by Dr. Baerwald's paper have troubled govern? ment economists and statisticians for years. Solutions come slowly, but they do come. And other approaches are in their experimental stages. Ambiguities in current statistical and economic concepts of employ? ment and unemployment are not new. Statisticians and economists who develop employment data know that they have been there since the definitions were formulated in the late 1930's, and the Gordon Committee in its report in 1962 went to considerable pains to point them out. The problem is how to resolve them. What constitutes "employment ?" The definition of employment, which has remained essentially unchanged since it was formulated some 30 years ago, covers (1) all persons who, during the specified survey week did any work at all as paid employees or in their own business, profession or farm, or who worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers on a family farm or family business, and (2) all those who had jobs but were not working temporarily because of illness, bad weather, vaca? tion, labor disputes or for other reasons. Note the phrase "any work at all"


In the Autumn of 1982, the +quebec +family Planning Federation undertook a household survey to determine what aspects of health were of interest to Quebec women's groups. The survey revealed that almost all groups working on women's health are involved with contraception. The subject was on the agenda of several groups and was conceived within the terms of self help and independence. At this time the contraceptive "ovule" Pharmatex made a dramatic appearance on the Quebec market. Launched as a miracle product, it seemed to meet the demands of a large number of Quebec women, who abandoned their oral contraceptives (OCs) and replaced them with the cagitory. The FQPN was urged to comment on this event from all quarters. The survey undertaken on the ovule showed the way in which thoughts had developed. In fact, the work on self help in health, which emphasizes women's independence, necessitated a review of the fundamental principles as regards birth control. Since these 2 events, an attempt has been made to analyze the situation in order to redefine the matter of family planning. The existence of free, public clinic services does not solve the problems of contraception for women. The medical attitude in these places remains totally traditional. The contraceptive methiods they recommend often are ones requiring medical intervention: OCs, IUD, sterilization. The doctor retains his/her powers of persuasion, not to say authority to decise and tends to favor a contraceptive over which he/she has control. Women's dependence on the medical systems is therefore total. In addition, a growing number of Quebec women are disenchanted with particular forms of contraception. The OC and IUD effects on their health disturb them and they want a "softer" contraceptive--one where the doctor's power diminished as the women's increases. As women feel isolated and helpless in the face of these new needs, there is a need to group togerther to find things out and to support one another. To meet these needs certain realities related to family planning were considered. Several factors, both objective and subjective, are involved in the choice of contraceptive: physical and mental health and other aspects, i.e., access to all types of contraception, ease of use of the methods, the quality of the information available, and effectiveness. The challenge is to learn to reconcile women's need for information concerning new departures in contraception, to provide support on the steps they may want to take on their own behalf, and to respect their choice and their direction even if it is diametrically opposed to the Federation's. The last 2 years devoted to consideration of the self help aspect of health and the independence of women offer the necessary tools with which to review contraception in a new light.


Fitts' law (1954) characterizes pointing speed-accuracy performance as throughput, whose invariance to target distances (A) and sizes (W) is known. However, it is unknown whether throughput and Fitts' law models in general are invariant to task dimensionality (1-D vs. 2-D), whether univariate (SDx) or bivariate (SDx,y) endpoint deviation is used, whether throughput is calculated using the mean-of-means approach or the slope-inverse approach, or whether Guiard's (2009) Form - Scale experiment design is used instead of fully crossed A-W factors. We empirically investigate the confluence of these issues, finding that Fitts' law is largely invariant across 1-D and 2-D, provided that univariate endpoint deviation (SDx) is used in both, but that for 2-D pointing data, bivariate endpoint deviation (SDx,y) results in better Fitts' law models. Also, the mean-of-means throughput calculation exhibits lower variance across subjects and dimensionalities than the slope-inverse calculation. In light of these and other findings, we offer recommendations for pointing evaluations, especially in 2-D. We also offer an evaluation tool called Fitts Study to facilitate comparisons.


The invention relates to a long-acting antibacterial emulsion paint containing ambergris extract. The long-acting antibacterial emulsion paint has the characteristics of aging resistance, no peeling, no color change, strong weather resistance, no toxicity, no odor, good leveling property, easiness in construction, washing-scrubbing resistance, no harm and fresh smell and has health maintaining effect and is beneficial to human health. After an appropriate amount of other functional components are added, the emulsion paint can still maintain the original strength and quality, not only can release negative air ions for a long term to purify the air and benefit human health, but also can inhibit and sterilize bacteria, has fragrant smell and mild property, is fresh and capable of refreshing mind and, promoting the secretion of hormone, relieving anxiety, improving sleep and the like and thus the effects of relieving the mental pressure and improving the working efficiency are achieved; more importantly, the emulsion paint has no adverse influences on the human body and is suitable for people of all ages.


The results of this study were carried out as an identification of problems in the Pamekasan central branch post office services to get improvements so as to provide satisfaction to customers. This research uses servqual, kano and QFD methods, using servqual method is done to be able to describe the attributes in the identification stage of the problem so that it gets 44 attributes in the quality of service that will be used as research, from the results carried out integration with the kano method to find out the categories in each attribute, then the QFD method aims to develop attributes to be prioritized. The purpose of this study is to determine customer satisfaction and determine the priority attributes of improvement and provide improvements to the services provided. The results of the research conducted there are 44 attributes and 8 priority attributes proposed in the improvement and 6 technical responses that can make recommendations for the company including providing additional facilities for office facilities, officers can understand the problems experienced by customers, conduct periodic monitoring of employee performance, provide explanations appropriate and clear information, maximizing the ability of employees preformance to the specific needs of customers and officers always apply neat appearance.


Abstract Rice husk ash (RHA) is an agricultural by-product obtained from incineration of abundantly available rice husk (RH) which can be used as a substitute for cement. In this study, RHA up to 30% has been utilized as partial replacement of cement by weight along with fly ash as one of the components in self-compacting concrete (SCC). Experimental programs were conducted to evaluate the fresh properties of SCC. Strength properties i.e. compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and durability properties such as sorptivity, water absorption & porosity, rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT), sulphate resistance were also evaluated up to the age of 365 days. It was found that the inclusion of RHA up to 15% had a positive effect on strength properties while durability properties improved significantly at all replacement levels of RHA. The compressive strength results were verified with microstructure analysis using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Moreover, it was observed that material cost savings of up to 18% can be achieved by using up to 30% of RHA along with reduction in the carbon footprint and embodied energy. Multi linear regression models were established to predict the strength and durability properties at different curing ages and replacement levels of RHA.


Two months after the controversial debut of duque de Rivas's Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino in Madrid's Teatro del Príncipe, Joaquín Pacheco would challenge the conventional norms of Spanish society even more than his contemporary had with his drama Alfredo. The Sicilian protagonist Alfredo, arguing that he is the victim of "una llama irresistible," falls desperately in love with his stepmother Berta, believing his father has died while fighting in the crusades. As a result of his obsession with his father's widow, Alfredo turns away from his longtime friends Rujero and Roberto and is driven to kill Berta's brother Jorje when the latter inadvertently witnesses the lovers' union. The miraculous return of Alfredo's father Ricardo, however, thwarts the hero's plans to marry his stepmother and live happily ever after. Berta immediately seeks, and receives, Ricardo's forgiveness, agreeing to leave the palace immediately for the convent in order to perform lifelong penance for her sins. Berta's change of heart angers Alfredo, who believes them to be united forever by their shared sin. Goaded by his new friend El Griego, a palace outsider, Alfredo vows to kill his father. At the final moment, however, Alfredo instead kills himself, proclaiming himself cursed as he dies. Though Alfredo possesses many of the traits of the hero who appeared regularly on the Madrid stage during Romanticism's apogee in Spain, his plaintive cry and tragic suicide evoked little sympathy among Spanish critics and audiences. El Eco del Comercio, having panned Don Álvaro two months earlier, nonetheless expressed a preference for Rivas's work over Pacheco's, stating, "nosotros en su lugar siempre preferíamos las jornadas del indiano a


Based on the Landau–Lifshitz equation, atomistic simulations of the magnetic neutron scattering from inhomogeneously magnetized spherical nanoparticles with a strong surface anisotropy are carried out.


Abstract Subsurface exploration of the Palaeozoic petroleum systems of Libya, Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco began in the early 1950s after the discovery of a large prospective Palaeozoic basin in the Sahara Desert province of North Africa. The first exploration well to test this concept was drilled in Algeria in 1952. A non-commercial find in 1953 was followed by major discoveries in 1956. Since that time approximately 1100 new field wildcats have been drilled to test Palaeozoic and basal Triassic reservoir targets in a variety of discrete petroleum systems. This resulted in the discovery of approximately 330 Palaeozoic-sourced accumulations in the Algerian, Libyan and Tunisian portions of the Sahara Desert. By the end of 1996 ultimate recoverable reserves in oil equivalent for these discoveries were estimated to be just over 46 billion barrels. Using measures of activity and reserves discovered, it is seen that the history of exploration of this province has followed a normal cycle, familiar to the petroleum industry, which can be divided into five major periods. They are: Pre-Discovery, Discovery, post-Discovery Boom, post-Boom and Revival. It is anticipated that future advances in technology will result in new ideas and more effective exploration, and ultimately in the future discovery of significant oil and gas reserves.


Poly(Acrylamide-co-N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide) microspheres were prepared and the sustained release of Fe3+ via ion exchange was investigated in response to the hydrochloric acid concentration. The experimental results revealed that the adsorption/desorption of Fe3+ with microspheres proceeds via ion exchange between Fe3+ and proton. The release rates of Fe3+ from microspheres were found to be moderate under proton concentrations below 10–1 mol·dm–3. However, an abrupt increase in the release rate was observed above 10–1 mol·dm–3. The permeability coefficient was proportional to the hydrochloric acid concentration and had a discontinuity at around 10–1 mol·dm–3. A on-off release mechanism from microspheres was demonstrated in response to a small change in the hydrochloric acid concentration between 10–1 mol·dm–3 and 10–3 mol·dm–3. The permeability coefficients were independent of the stirring speed, and the activation energy for sustained release was 63.9 kJ·mol–1, indicating that sustained release was controlled by ion exchange of Fe3+ and proton.


Based on the summary of the manufacturing process data content and the analysis of current expression approach for manufacturing process data,a formalized and unified mathematical architecture to integrate the activity,object and relationship with the process as its core based on polychromatic sets theory is proposed.A mapping of polychromatic sets-based manufacturing process data model to process specification language(PSL) core ontology is carried out.Meanwhile,the extension of PSL core semantic is also conducted to realize the semantic description of manufacturing process data.A gear shaft manufacturing process application instance with formalized and semantic definition is given to illustrate the capability and effectiveness of the proposed model for providing unified organization structure,representing associated relationship and maintaining consistent semantic of manufacturing process data.


An acre of coastal wetlands in Louisiana is lost to erosion every 20 minutes. Synthetic seeds of smooth cordgrass [Spartina alterniflora Loisel (Poaceae)) would be a useful adjunct approach to the hand-transplanting employed in coastal erosion control. The synthetic seed production process can be automated, therefore synthetic seeds can expand the vegetative propagation of smooth cordgrass: an acre of land can be planted by airplane in eight seconds, compared to a minimum of 24 man-hours to plant the same area by hand transplanting. Smooth cordgrass is a perennial warmseason grass found along shorelines. It grows vigorously at seawater salinity and has a extensive root system, but it can grow in both fresh and saltwater environments. It tolerates fluctuating water levels and is adapted to many soil types. Smooth cordgrass can provide an effective buffer that disperses wave energy, reduces shoreline scouring and entraps floating sediments and other solids. Smooth cordgrass is sterile with little or no viable seed production. As a result, erosion control materials are produced through vegetative propagation. Divided plants can be placed in one-gallon containers to produce new stems before transplanting. Vegetative propagation and hand-transplanting is labor intensive and expensive.


56Background: Intracellular oncoproteins such as NY-ESO-1 and WT1 are widely distributed in different cancers and ranked as number 1 and 10 prioritized cancer antigen by international experts. It is difficult to target these antigens due to the intracellular nature by conventional antibodies. Methods: Here we reported the development of antibodies to target intracellular antigens, the same way as TCR does, recognizing MHC complex with peptides derived from intracellular oncoproteins. Phage display libraries were screened out against HLA-A2 assembled with different peptides from both WT1 and NY-ESO-1. Antibodies were tested to bind to corresponding HLA-A2/peptides complex on ELISA and FACS and finally the ability to bind to paraffin samples derived from malignancy cancer patients were confirmed. Results: We have identified several antibodies that specifically recognize the corresponding HLA-A2/peptide. Particularly, 2F4 and 1H1 could bind to RMFPNAPYL of WT1 HLA-A2 monomer on ELASA assay, by contrast the a...


This paper focuses on using Li-fi technology in an online web server management system using Visible Light Communication system which is based on using of LED lights, their ability to behave at multiple degrees of freedom helps them operate in different ways by using multiple hopping technology. We are proposing an idea to use Li-Fi technology for the purpose of sending in more data at greater bandwidth using a server, processor and GPS/GSM device. The idea is that we use Li-Fi which enables in sending data at a greater speed from a user module to the destination work module, we use two modules where the lifi is connected to computer systems connected to a server and a GPS/GSM network. The focus of our work is to know how by using lifi, information can be sent and received by multi-hop wireless networks and that easy communication occurs between the user module and the work module.


This work aims to minimizing the power loss in radial distribution system by placing optimally sized shunt capacitors at appropriate locations. The power flow solution of the proposed radial distribution network with different types of load models is obtained using Backward/forward sweep based load flow methodology. The sensitive nodes which are prone to voltage collapse are identified by the computation of voltage stability index for the installation of shunt capacitors. A nature inspired meta-heuristic search technique namely artificial bee colony algorithm which mimics the foraging behavior of the honey bee swarm is utilized to identify the optimal size of the shunt capacitors to be placed to achieve the loss minimization. The rigidness of the proposed optimization approach searching towards the optimal solution is tested on IEEE 69 bus radial test distribution system with different load models such as constant power, constant current, constant impedance, composite and exponential loads.


For the six construction adits of long diversion tunnel of Bobona Hydropower Station,column-shape bulkhead was designed according to their characteristics.Five kinds of conventional formulas were adopted to calculate the bulkhead length.The bulkhead length was determined and bulkhead grouting was designed based on analysis and comparison of all calculation results,combined with construction practice and taking into account all related factors.The bulkheads of all 6 adits have worked safely since construction was completed.


This study is a follow-up on a study initiated three years ago with an emphasis on the timing of application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. The times targeted in this study were: at planting, at initiation of growth and at boot stage. A nitrogen starter fertilizer at planting increased yields over 100 pounds of grain per acre for both wheat and barley compared with plots which did not receive the added nitrogen at planting. No difference was seen between applying 46 or 92 pounds of N per acre as a starter fertilizer. Amount of N added at boot stage seemed to increase barley yields slightly but had no effect on wheat yield nor protein content. An economic analysis is included to show the profitability of nitrogen applications.


PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a chip scale package is provided to shorten a length of an interconnection by directly contacting a semiconductor chip with an output terminal without using a circuit board. CONSTITUTION: A plurality of output terminals(32) are disposed on a tape film. A semiconductor chip(31) in which electronic circuits are integrated is adhered and fixed to the surface of the tape film by using an adhering unit stuck to the same plane as the output terminals. A plurality of bonding pads(36) on the semiconductor chip are electrically connected to the output terminals. The resultant structure is molded. The tape film and the adhering unit are eliminated to expose the output unit.


The research is supported by funding from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) and grant agreement number OCRF-2014-CRG3-2300. For computer time, this research used the resources of the IT Research Computing Group and Supercomputing Laboratory at KAUST. We thank them for providing the computational resources required for carrying out this work. We sincerely thank PEMEX for providing the data used in this study (Lu et al., 2014), and CNH, Mexico, for further permission to conclude and publish our work.


Abstract : This document summarizes the papers presented at the conference on 'Consequences and Limits of Military Intervention.' Individual conference papers will be issued. The threatened and actual use of force in international relations has traditionally operated under real and self-imposed limitations. With the advent of nuclear wepons, it becomes even more important to analyze the limitations which condition the scope and pattern of military intervention. This study applies an interdisciplinary social science frame of reference to the limits and potentials of military intervention by the United States. Crisis situations will arise where a military response is deemed proper, but decision makers will have to operate within a narrow scope and delimited time frame. The search for deterrence and, beyond that, for 'stabilization' remains paramount along the entire continuum of military and politico-military operations. Recognition of the limits of military intervention can only make for more realistic and more effective policies and practices.


In combination with the development works of Yinzidu hydroelectric Dam's Safety Analysis System,several type of data format were extracted,and these formats were classified into a universal multi-tiers structure,and a method of universal description and import was proposed to build database so that the software's generality and maintainability are enhanced.


Abstract The reproductive strategy of red spiny lobster Palinurus elephas from the north coast of Tunisia was investigated. We examined oögenesis of P. elephas by studying the histology of the ovaries. Seven growth substages of oöcytes were distinguished: 1) early primary oöcyte, St1; 2) late primary oöcyte, St2; 3) primary vitellogenic oöcyte, St3; 4) early secondary vitellogenic oöcyte, St4; 5) late secondary vitellogenic oöcyte, St5; 6) hyaline oöcyte, St6; and 7) atretic oöcyte, Atr. The kinetics of oögenesis of females is characterized by six successive ovarian development phases: Juvenile, sexual resting, beginning of vitellogenesis, vitellogenesis, spawning and post-spawning and recuperation. The oöcyte diameter frequency distributions were established for each mature female sampled and fitted by a Weibull function: . At the mature ovarian phases, two populations of oöcytes were distinguished; a fairly synchronous population of large vitellogenic oöcytes (St3 or St4 or St5), and a heterogeneous population of smaller oöcytes from which the next clutch will be recruited. In terms of ovarian organization, P. elephas can be considered as "group-synchronous." The presence of only one clutch of yolked oöcytes able to be ovulated once during the breeding period suggests that the red spiny lobster spawns only once during every sexual cycle, i.e., P. elephas can be classified as species with a unique spawning period. By definition, such species are known as "synchronous ovulators" and also as "total spawners."


Introduction and objective: A new coronavirus produces a disease designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccination against COVID-19 has resulted in decreased mortality. Postmortems of vaccinated patients play an important part in the forensic analysis of adverse effects after vaccination, which is essential for determining its efficacy and security. The main objective of this study was to describe the results of autopsies of patients vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 carried out in two major centers in Colombia. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 121 autopsies was performed following Colombian regulations in two main hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia, between March 1st and April 31st, 2021. Results: 118 of the 121 patients (97.52%) had been vaccinated with CoronaVac (Sinovac); only 3 had received other vaccines. Sudden cardiac death was the leading cause of death, with pulmonary embolism another critical finding. No relation between the


The application of engineering practices in medicine has immensely contributed to the recent findings in biomedical research areas. One of the products of this application is the development of sophisticated aids for physically challenged people. In this paper, visually impaired walking aid is designed and implemented using a network of ultrasonic sensors, thereby capable of detecting the direction and position of obstacle(s). The performance and functionality are also improved by the addition of alert light, and voice guidance signal which is relayed to a miniature headset. The recorded voice alerts the user of the presence and direction of the obstacle(s). The prototype of the multidimensional walking aid was able to detect obstacles within the range of 0m to 1m at the left, right and front of the stick with an appropriate voice alert. The test results of the prototype showed that the stick can efficiently guide its user.


In the present investigations, we have fabricated the electromechanical actuators using conducting Polyaniline and Cellophane paper. The actuation behaviour of two types of paper actuators namely bi-layer and tri-layer in air medium are presented in this paper. The electro generation of polyaniline was carried out in propylene carbonate medium in the presence of dichloro acetic acid (DCA). The displacement in tri-layer devices, are more than that of bi-layer counter parts. The explanation towards this type of actuation behavior is given. Actuation behavioral studies were mainly focused on the effect of various dopant ions namely Cl-, ClO4-, BF4- and PF6-. The effect of varying film thickness and change in relative humidity are also addressed in this communication. The possible working mechanism has been discussed.


Ten cultivars of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) were inoculated in 1967, 1968 and 1969 with the fungus Cytospora leucostoma (Pers.) Sacc. and canker development was measured each season. Seasonal differences were noted. 'July Elberta' was the most susceptible of the group while the rest were of intermediate susceptibility. No significant resistance to Cytospora was found.


Abstract We derive a central limit theorem for the mean-square of random waves in the high-frequency limit over shrinking sets. Our proof applies to any compact Riemannian manifold of dimension 3 or higher, thanks to the universality of the local Weyl law. The key technical step is an estimate capturing some cancellation in a triple integral of Bessel functions, which we achieve using Gegenbauer's addition formula.


(57) A method of repairing Abstract: turbine blade (10) to remove the tip end portion of the blade (16) (41, 43), the replacement cap is secured by welding (43). Cap comprises a plate (48) for securing by welding, consisting Sukuera portion (54) is formed by depositing a welding material (52) as shown in FIG. Plate and / or Sukuera portion, in order to optimize the performance of the wing, is formed of a material different from the material of the airfoil of the blade (42).


The lifetime of vibrating machine can be improved and the load on the base can be decreased while using the theory of anti-resonance. The dynamic model of driving point anti-resonant vibrating machine is built, and the theory of this machine is clarified. In order to improve the amplitude stability of upper body and lower body, the influence of mass ratio and anti-resonance frequency ratio on amplitude stability is studied while other parameters are constant. The relation surfaces of parameters which combine mass ratio and anti-resonance frequency ratio with dynamic magnification factors of both upper body and lower body are obtained. Therefore, the parameters zone that satisfies the technique requirement and assures the amplitude stability can be determined, which provides an important foundation for design of anti-resonant vibrating machine. When the material quality is fluctuant, the stability of system amplitude and the shift of anti-resonant frequency are analyzed, and the result reveals the necessity of controlling the excited frequency. The amplitude stability of anti-resonant vibrating machine's upper body and lower body has been improved effectively by using the control technology based on the reasonable dynamic parameters.


The article reviews the interdependence of self-assessment and psychological processes. It was considered the effect of visual impairment on the formation and development of self-assessment and the relationship of this process with the formation of feelings and perceptions in blind children. It was described the place of self-assessment actions in such psychological processes as attention, memory, speech and thought. It was considered features of control actions for blind junior pupils in fine arts activities. The psychological determiners of self-assessment of blind junior pupils include the functioning of feedback mechanisms, the forming of criterion for various psychological levels, age characteristics, motivation, reflection and individual characteristics of children.


Rural enterprise has an important role in the economic development of the people. The company's form of service to the community is a savings and loan portfolio. Rural companies play an important role in helping to resolve the financial problems for the community. In the lending company should conduct research and calculations were observant of the prospective customer. Many factors must be considered when making a decision. The system currently running at. Graha Auto Plus is still not maximal use of the computer. Then the required tools or sufficient means, for example, necessary data processing tools such as computers and computer peripheral devices. Employees still use manual for inputting customer data will credit transactions. In order to get the maximum results, the necessary tools or sufficient means, for example, necessary data processing tools such as computers and computer peripheral devices and human resource capacity for the manufacture pengoperasiannya. Dalam design system design system modeling with UML. 800x600 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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 Rural enterprise has an important role in the economic development of the people. The company's form of service to the community is a savings and loan portfolio. Rural companies play an important role in helping to resolve the financial problems for the community. In the lending company should conduct research and calculations were observant of the prospective customer. Many factors must be considered when making a decision. The system currently running at. Graha Auto Plus is still not maximal use of the computer. Then the required tools or sufficient means, for example, necessary data processing tools such as computers and computer peripheral devices. Employees still use manual for inputting customer data will credit transactions. In order to get the maximum results, the necessary tools or sufficient means, for example, necessary data processing tools such as computers and computer peripheral devices and human resource capacity for the manufacture pengoperasiannya.Dalam design system design system modeling with UML.


p. 154, line 2, ' we have come to ourselves ' ; read ' we are together in assembly '. p. 154, line 6, ' we shall begin with ' ; read ' we shall rest upon '. p. 155, line 2, ' command to you and ask from you ' ; read ' command them and ask from them '. p. 156, § 2, ' let us not be failing ' ; read ' let him not be faint'. p. 160, § 7, ' some of you ' ; read ' some of them'. p. 165, line 5, ' pitiful king ' ; read ' merciful King '. p. 168, § 1, ' in his wickedness ' ; read ' straightway '. p. 169, § 6,' on all journeys that if (this takes place) ' ; read ' on any journey whatever it may be '. p. 170, § 11, 'A brother with much brilliance ' ; read ' A blind brother '. The term is a euphemism, as in Hebrew. p. 173, § 23, ' brother ' ; read ' brothers '. p. 174, § 26, ' high-spirited' ; read ' arrogant'. p. 179, § 7, ' asters ' ; read ' stators '. p. 180, §11, 'leads them'; read 'leads him '. p. 186, line 1, ' 639 A.D. ' ; read ' A.D. 739 '.


Using aluminum powder and copper powder as pulverous interlayer, Al-based composite SiC_w/6061 was welded by transient liquid phase bonding. Mass ratio of aluminum powder and copper powder is 2∶1, vacuum degree is 1.33MPa, and retightening load is 20MPa. The result of experiment shows that the optimum process parameters are: welding temperature 620℃, holding time 60min. Observing with scanning electronic microscope, many holes are found at weld lines if works pieces are welded at lower temperature. Distribution of elements around weld line is analyzed with electronic probe. The results indicate that O and Mg is enriched at weld line. Magnesium within aluminum alloy reacts with CuO and Al_2O_3 to produce MgO particles and Al_2MgO_4 particles respectively, which is favorable for restraining the effect of oxide film and enhancing mechanics properties of welded joints.