The source parameters describe the different physical properties of seismic volumes under the volcanoes. Source parameters that can be used to distinguish seismic events that are generated by different types of volcanoes activities. Temporary changes of the spectral source parameters provided a description of the main events during the eruption process.  Source parameters are calculated by correlating the relationship between source frequency at spectral displacement (corner frequency) and source parameters based on spectral sources of the Brune model (1970). The angular frequency obtained by applying the FFT algorithm to the VTA spectral displacement. The source parameters analyzed from this VTA earthquake are the spectral slope, seismic moment, stress drop, length of rupture, moment magnitude and radiation energy. Based on the obtained corner frequency (12 Hz-13 Hz), seismic moment, moment magnitude and energy radiation respectively were at 0.2 -1.9 x 1012 Nm, 0.7 - 2 Mw, and 0.1 - 9.5 x 1015 erg. The length of rupture were from 144.2 to 243.1 m, the spectra slope has 2.1 - 7.8 dB/cm, and stress drop are 0.1 - 7,6 bar. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the changes of spectra characteristic and fluctuate of source patrameters value of VTA earthquakes was asosiated with the different  volcanic activity of Sinabung.
Keywords: spectral, VTA, source parameter, volcanic earthquake


Aim  Levels of genetic diversity can be used to determine haplotype frequency, population size and patterns of invasive species distribution. In this study, we sought to investigate the genetic structure of the invasive marine mussel Mytella charruana and compare variation from invasive populations with variation found within three native populations.


Download Practicing esurrection A Mem ir Of Work Doubt Discernment And Moments Of Grace Pdf f letyp : PDF, Epub, Doc, Docx, MOBI this nice ebook and read the Practicing Resurrection A Memoir Of Work Doubt Discernment And Moments Of Grace Pdf ebook. You won't find this ebook anywhere online.Read the any books now and should you not have considerable time you just read, it is possible todownload any ebooks for your laptop and check later this popular book and r ad he ebook. You will not find this ebook anywhere online. Browse the any books now and unless you have lots of time to see, it is possible to download any ebooks in your device and read later Re d Pr ticing Resu tion A Mem ir Of Work Doubt Di cernment And M nts Of Grace Pdf Fil Onlin Today Kindle ebook can be continue eading ph nes employing a Kindle app. Y u are through the ntire i t rnet. Scri dis a web ite that enabl s us rs to express documents round the w b.Targeti g the right audience t ge her with your ads is ess ial to being effective. The goals would be to receive allof the strategies and secrets to get the ab olute m st out of runni g Facebook ads!! Every so of en, it' just unbelievable an application s good is complet ly fre . How to Ge Started with Practicing Resurrecti n A M m ir f Work Doubt i cer m nt A d Mom ts f Grace Pdf File O line? Th r are l t of strategi s for d termin ng the word count of a specific . Y u m t b c rtain you son ordaughter feel con id nt nd it is fam liar with s cializing with d ffere t childre . R ading books bout likely toschool or discussing a number f the activities your young ter will probably be in a position to participate in areg od method f k eping them utilized to the theory. ue to py igh ssu , you must r ad Pra icing R s rr ction A M oir Of Work D bt Dis rnm nt A d M me ts Of Grace Pdf line. Yo c n re d P ac ici g Resurrectio A Memoi Of W rk D ubt Discernment And Mom nts Of Grace Pdf o l ne using bu ton el w.


Sliding. A morphological analysis of the Baie desAnges (Nice) Seabeam map has been carried out in order to investigate the genesis of the Var and Paillon submarine canyons. From the identification of the morphological units at different scales one is able to propose a model for the formation of the canyons, The Var and Paillon canyons are interpreted as being cut in a deep-sea fan presently being destroyed by mass wasting processes. .The structural framework exhibits an orthogonal fault system which plays a prominent role in the spatial distribution of the canyons and the sliding areas. The age of these canyons is thought to be Quatenary.


This work focuses on the hydrometallurgical processing of EAF steelmaking dust in laboratory conditions. The behavior of calcium under the influence of sulphuric acid as the leaching agent is discussed. Due to calcium presence the acid is continuously consumed, gradually leaching the calcium phase from EAF dust as well as other zincand iron-containing phases. A thorough composition analysis of the input sample of EAF dust was performed. A kinetic study of calcium showed that its leaching is a very fast process, but most of the calcium reacting with sulphuric acid is precipitated from the solution in the form of CaSO4∙2H2O. This causes greater sulphuric acid consumption, and therefore it is necessary to study the calcium behavior during processing of EAF dust. This work is narrowed with calcium behavior during leaching of EAF dust in sulphuric acid and effect of calcium to extraction other metals into solution.


A study of Acantholichen P.M. Jørgensen, Cyphellostereum D.A. Reid and Dictyonema s.str. C. Agardh ex Kunth from the Venezuelan Andes (Sierra Nevada de Mérida) and the Guayana Highlands (Alto Orinoco) revealed the presence of eight species new to science, viz., Acantholichen dendroideus V. Marcano, Cyphellostereum mucuyense V. Marcano, Dictyonema andinum V. Marcano, D. duidense V. Marcano, D. laurae V. Marcano, D. subinvolutum V. Marcano, D. subsericeum V. Marcano and D. umbricola V. Marcano. Acantholichen dendroideus grows on mosses in shady and humid disturbed forest and is characterized by densely and dichotomously branched microsquamules, with a pruinose surface and large acanthohyphidia. Cyphellostereum mucuyense grows on mosses and sandy soils, lacks a jigsaw-puzzle-shaped hyphal sheath and prothallus, the fibrils are not penetrated by tubular fungal hyphae and the basidiocarp surface is finely arachnoid. This is the first record of Cyphellostereum in Venezuela. Dictyonema andinum might be confused with D. irrigatum (Berkeley & M. A. Curtis) Lücking from the Andaman Islands, but differs in the broader and ascending fibrils, a thicker photobiont layer and hypothallus, as well as the formation of stereoid-corticioid hymenophores. Dictyonema duidense from the Guayana Highlands and D. subsericeum from the Venezuelan Andes belong in the group of shelf-like morphotypes, with a semicircular thallus resembling D. sericeum s.str. Dictyonema duidense grows on tree trunks and is characterized by thick, very broad lobes and an areolate, rugose surface and it lacks clamp connections whereas D. subsericeum grows on tree branches and is characterized by variability of color (white, greenish blue, brown), size and shape (semicircular to hemispherical), filamentous lobes, a hirsute surface, fibrillose margins, clamp connections on the hyphae, cyphelloid hymenophores resembling attachment hapters, and very small, globose to subglobose basidiospores. Dictyonema laurae resembles D. subsericeum but is characterized by a continuous greenish blue crust-like thallus with an irregular surface, with discontinuous, fibrillose, and narrow margins projecting and ascending from the substrate, a hapteriform hymenophore, and its lacks clamp connections on the hyphae. Dictyonema subinvolutum is characterized by a jigsaw-puzzle-shaped hyphal sheath, fibrils penetrated by tubular fungal hyphae, and a smooth, pruinose, resupinate hymenophore. Finally, D. umbricola grows on mosses in very shady habitats and produces a corticioid hymenophore raised from the thallus, resembling apothecial discs, jigsaw-puzzle-shaped cells around the filaments and a distinct, discontinuous, white prothallus. Of the eight species of Dictyonema s.lat. registered from Venezuela, seven are known only from the Venezuelan Andes (A. dendroideus, C. mucuyense, D. andinum, D. laurae, D. subsericeum, D. subinvolutum, D. umbricola) and one is known only from the Venezuelan Amazonas (D. duidense). The high concentration of Acantholichen, Cyphellostereum and Dictyonema species in tropical America and especially of the latter genus in the Venezuelan Andes indicates that this region constitutes an important centre for speciation and endemism of Dictyonema clade/subtribe Dictyonematinae.


A new versatile optimization algorithm called generalized ant colony optimization (GACO) is presented. The economic dispatch (ED) problem of power systems be solved by the algorithm. The GACO is based on the concepts of ant colony optimization for combinatorial optimization problems. The positive feedback, distributed computation, and the constructive greedy heuristic are used in the algorithm to solve the discontinuous, nonconvex, nonlinear constrained optimization problems. The convergence property of the GACO is discussed based on the fixed-point theory on a complete metric space. Several sufficient conditions for convergence are presented. The algorithm is tested and validated in several cases. In these cases, the GACO can provide accurate dispatch solutions in reasonable time. The results show that the GACO for the ED problem is versatile, robust and efficient.


Modern economy has undergone a sea change under the influence of digital and electronic technologies – the scientific and technical achievements of the last several decades triggered development of the economy in a new direction. Innovative technologies are introduced in all the spheres of our life changing the established organizational processes. A digital economy renders special importance to the issue of education, since a regular upgrade of electronic programmes and introduction of new gadgets demands that personnel have special skills and experience. The constantly changing economic environment demands that heads of organizations pick their employees more meticulously, meaning hiring A-rate professionals capable of adjusting to work in the constantly changing environment. Today supply and demand on the labour market are equally high. Workers are now more demanding of their employers than ever making corporate benefits programmes more important than before. The goal of introducing a benefits package in a company is its higher competitiveness among peer companies and, as a consequence, attraction of highly qualified personnel. Besides that, benefits plans can also include different types of educational programmes, training programmes and such. Entrepreneurs from all over the world see a benefits package as one of the most efficient ways to motivate their employees to work better. Russian businessmen, working in an economic model aimed primarily at tax collection to the budget see the benefits package as a way to reduce the taxation base for the profit tax. Taking the experience of their foreign partners as an example, Russian entrepreneurs took over the methods of the most efficient forming and use of corporate benefits programmes in commercial organizations of


Extremely high operational availability of information systems has been historically difficult to achieve because of the lack of understanding of the actual application environments and operating conditions, and their effects on system degradation and failure. Furthermore, the fact that most failures in information systems are intermittent makes many predictive methods unacceptable. Combining this complexity with the 40–85% no-fault-found (NFF) failure rate seen in system failure analysis suggests that current reliability practices need improvement. In particular, traditional approaches to failure mitigation have failed because of the reliance on averaged accumulated historical field data (e.g., Mil-Hdbk-217, Telcordia SR-332 (formerly Bellcore), and CNET/RDF (FIDES) (European)), rather than relying on in situ data from a particular system. In fact, studies have reported that these methods are inaccurate and misleading (i.e., they provide inconsistent results for any given system subject to given conditions). This is a major reason why the US Army has abandoned these approaches. In addition, the IEEE notes that information system failures are in some sense inevitable, because the current methods of assessing information systems have fundamental flaws. Another and significantly more scientific approach to reliability assessment and prediction falls under the general heading of physics-of-failure (PoF). The PoF approach involves a number of steps, which generally include some form of failure modes, mechanisms and effects analysis (FMMEA), feature extraction, and remaining useful life (RUL) estimation. To implement this approach, the potential failure modes, mechanisms, and sites of the system based on the lifecycle loading conditions must be identified. The stress at each failure site is obtained as a function of loading conditions, geometry and material properties of the system. Damage models are then used to determine fault progression and RUL. The failure models require input, such as material properties, geometry, and environmental and operating loads. PoF-based prognostic methodologies have been applied to estimate RUL in electronic assemblies and components such as power supply chips on a DC/DC voltage converter printed circuit board (PCB) assembly; PCBs subjected to loads under an automobile hood; electronics subjected to thermo-mechanical loads; and for monitoring, recording, and analyzing the life cycle vibration loads for estimation of the RUL of PCBs using cumulative damage laws. A PoF-based tool has been developed for real time prediction of RUL of PCBs exposed to thermal cycling environments. The tool integrates information from sensors, PoF models, and data fusion algorithms to en-


When a water-ethanol binary mixture condenses on a flat plate, one observes that the liquid film condensate rises locally and eventually forms many droplets on the film. Usually, filmwise condensation is expected because both substances are completely soluble in each other and they wet a copper plate well. This paper presents the droplet growth mechanism during so-called pseudo-dropwise condensation. Instability analysis is used to determine the transition from filmwise condensation to pseudo-dropwise condensation theoretically. In a stress balance at the vapor-liquid interface, the analysis considers not only the surface tension itself but also the surface tension variation due to changes in temperature and concentration, assuming saturation conditions at the interface. Numerical results indicate that the Marangoni effect plays a more important role than the absolute value of the surface tension in pseudo-dropwise condensation. The change in surface tension with temperature is not always negative ; it becomes positive for certain mixtures due to the dependence on concentration. Pseudo-dropwise condensation is only realized when surface tension increases with temperature. This analysis qualitatively predicts the critical Marangoni number experimentally observed during water-ethanol mixture condensation.


O O The invention relates to a foam formulation comprising a Related U.S. Application Data substantially emulsifier-free emulsion of the oil-in-water (60) Provisional application No. 61/285,252, filed on Dec. type, comprising an oil phase and an aqueous phase, the 10, 2009. emulsion comprising at least one Surface active, ionic poly mer with a molecular weight of more than 5000 g/mol, (30) Foreign Application Priority Data wherein the ionic polymer is a copolymer comprising as


TiO 2 films were prepared on glass substrates by sol-gel process for dye-sensitized solar cell application. TiO 2 sol was prepared by the hydrolysis/polycondensation. Titanium(IV) tetra isopropoxide(TTIP) was used as precursor and Nitric acid(HNO 3 ) was used as a catalyst for the peptization. The crystal structure and morphology of prepared materials were characterized by XRD, SEM. The observations confirmed the nanocrystalline nature of TiO 2 . Reaction parameters, such as aging time, aging temperature, calcination time and calcination temperature were varied during the synthesis in order to get nanosize TiO 2 particles. The prepared TiO 2 particles was coated on FTO glass by screen printing technique. The prepared TiO 2 films were characterized by BET, UV-vis. The TiO 2 particles calcinated at low temperature were showed anatase phase, and they were grown rutile phase as the increase of calcination temperature. The size and structure of TiO 2 particle were adjusted to specific surface area. It was found that the conversion efficiency of DSSC was highly affected by the properties of TiO 2 particles.


The easy availability of small aircraft for charter, has been accompanied by increasing willingness on the part of insurance companies to pay the costs for the use of these air ambulances. Operators of aircraft in the United Kingdom and Europe were becoming increasingly worried about the moral, medical and legal implications of carrying seriously ill or injured passengers. In late 1980 the UK Air Taxi Operators Association (ATOA) began to formulate Guidelines for air ambulance operations, and in 1981 these were incorporated into the studies of the same subject by the International Business Aircraft Association (IBAA), Europe. This paper presents the Guidelines adopted by the ATOA and ratified by IBAA Europe. The Guidelines are designed not to hamper the development of aeormedical rescue, but to bring it within a proper medical aeronautical framework for the safety of the patients, and medical and aircraft crews. During the last 30 years development of the international travel market in Europe has resulted in many patients becoming ill or suffering injuries many miles from their own home. In the past these people would have remained in a local hospital and received treatment by the locally available facilities. There has been a revolution in the technology of medical transport, providing skills and equipment which allows the most seriously injured people to be transported over long distances. The public demand has pressed insurance companies to offer as part of travel packages the possiblity of medical repatriation. The number of new serious medical cases abroad reported to Europ Assistance in London, rose from 736 in 1978 to a projected 3,500 in 1983.


Prior to and during the first stage of the crisis, the ECB's conduct of monetary policy was consistent with the 'separation principle', which refers to the division between monetary and liquidity management policies. However, it became increasingly difficult to apply as interest rates approached their lower-bound. While it was supposed to guide the ECB's exit strategy, the ECB finally resorted to a 'stop-and-go policy'. The separation principle strongly depends upon the institutional setup in which the central bank operates. We show that the difficulties faced by the ECB are due to an important feature of the monetary union, which economic governance is essentially rule-based. The success of a monetary union crucially depends on the strict compliance to the rules. The breach of the rules forced the ECB to stabilize euro area sovereign debt markets, stretching its mandate and altering the efficacy of the separation principle.


The scattering of electrons on carbon, calcium, and argon targets are analyzed using an approach that incorporates the contributions to the electromagnetic response functions from the quasielastic (QE), inelastic processes, and two-particle and two-hole meson exchange current ($2p-2h$ MEC). This approach describes well the whole energy spectrum of data at very different kinematics. It is shown that the accuracy of the $(e,e')$ cross section calculations in the region between the QE and delta-resonance peaks, where the $2p-2h$ MEC contribution reaches its maximum value, depends on the momentum transfer $|\q|$ and at $|\q|>500$ MeV the calculated and measured cross sections are in agreement within the experimental uncertainties.


With the maturity of the cloud computing technology and the popularity of related platforms,the university informatization also needs such technology for further development.In this paper,we discuss how to use cloudcomputing technology to integrate computing and information service resources and decrease the application complexitybased on unified,shared and dynamic technology principles,which as a result can provide change-on-demand application services for customers.We also analyze some key technologies concerning the applications of cloud computing inthe university informatization and present some proposals for imple-mentations.


Abstract : This thesis presents a study of the atmospheric refractivity conditions in the oceanic area around Central America and a description of the possible propagation effects on surveillance systems. The basic principles of atmospheric refraction are presented along with the techniques used to determine the occurrence of atmospheric ducts and to characterize the type of refractive profiles occurring at a station. Radiosonde data collected by coastal stations in the area were used to establish refractive conditions.


While learning and media are interchangeable and mutually influencing,American education technology has made a creative progress.The dual variations take place in different phases in differed forms with historic figures.The advent of scientific field of learning makes it striking,updating the educational technology in terms of theory and practice.


The environmental concern about the pollution of organotin compounds has increased considerably in recent years. Tributyltin (TBT) was most widely used as effective antifouling paints, wood preservatives and so on. The release of TBT from antifouling paints has been shown worldwide to be marine contamination and toxic to non-target biota such as gastropod. TBT has been considered as one of endocrine disrupter chemicals, responsible for the imposex syndrome in the female in several species of aquatic organisms. However, there have been a few researches concerning microbial breakdown of the discharged TBT and isolation of organotin-degrading microorganism. Recently Kawai et al. 1) reported that tributyl phosphate (TBP)-degrading terrestrial Pseudomonas strain also had ability to degrade TBT. No report, however, has been yet available concerning TBT-degrading marine organisms. Therefore, we investigated TBT-degrading activities of the microbes in the sediment collected from various areas and found a notable activity from Tokyo Bay. In addition, two types of bacteria that degraded TBT were isolated from the sample to apply them to marine bioremediation.


Along with the continuing education and sport development and economic reform more in-depth,according to the social development of the "compound" talent needs of our college's PE curriculum on modern personnel training needs are not meet.College of Physical Education curriculum should be constantly adding new teaching projects,to innovative development of the state.Cheerleading as a new project is its unique culture and brings people to the spirit of the charm of display space for development and promotion of value.Therefore,this article on university students and teachers on the recognition of Cheerleading and set a new course into the analysis of subjective and objective conditions,on the basis put forward in Chinese universities to set up the course Cheerleading is feasible and necessary point of view.


This research aimed to analyze the level of competitiveness of 7 non-oil commodities of South Sumatera Province, namely rubber, palm oil (CPO), coal, wood and wood products, shrimp, coffee and tea. The secondary data are used in this research which are the export value of 7 non-oil comodities of South Sumatera and the value of national exports for the same commodity in 2005-2013 period. The method of analysis using calculation of the index RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage). The results showed that only rubber and coal commodity that can be categorized as a commodity that has a fairly high competitiveness. While other non-oil commodities such as shrimp, tea and coffee has an average value of RCA who approached a value of 1, which means the commodities are not yet classified as having a good competitiveness, but commodities are very good to continue to be developed so that can increase its competitiveness capabilities in the future. Three other commodities, namely palm oil and wood / wood products, are included in the category of commodities that are less competitive.   Keyword: Export, Non-oil commodities, Competitiveness


Abstract : Wind tunnel measurements are presented of the aerodynamic roll damping moment coefficient derivative of the Basic Finner configuration. Data were obtained over the Mach number range from 0.22 to 4.81. At four Mach numbers the roll damping moment coefficient derivatives were measured as a function of angle of attack with roll rate as a parameter. A free decay technique was used to obtain the data. The present results compare favorably with free flight ballistics range data.


In this paper, we propose two methods for blind estimation of modulation index of full‐response binary continuous phase modulation (CPM) scheme. Most of previous works assume that there is a single sample for each symbol; thus, they cannot improve their performance when sampling rate is bigger than symbol rate. In our proposed methods, modulation index is estimated using samples of autocorrelation function of the received signal, which is a nonlinear function of modulation index. We propose Taylor expansion for approximating this nonlinear function by a linear function. Then, by choosing some samples of the autocorrelation function, we estimate the modulation index with the least square (LS) estimator. For decreasing estimation errors, in the second proposed method, we apply the statistical properties of the autocorrelation function estimation errors, to design the best linear unbiased estimation (BLUE) estimator. The numerical performance analysis in terms of mean‐squared error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER) shows that the proposed methods outperform the reference methods in accurate estimation of the modulation index.


BACKGROUND The effect of a restrictive versus liberal red‐cell transfusion strategy on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains unclear. METHODS In this multicenter, open‐label, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned 5243 adults undergoing cardiac surgery who had a European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) I of 6 or more (on a scale from 0 to 47, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of death after cardiac surgery) to a restrictive red‐cell transfusion threshold (transfuse if hemoglobin level was <7.5 g per deciliter, starting from induction of anesthesia) or a liberal red‐cell transfusion threshold (transfuse if hemoglobin level was <9.5 g per deciliter in the operating room or intensive care unit [ICU] or was <8.5 g per deciliter in the non‐ICU ward). The primary composite outcome was death from any cause, myocardial infarction, stroke, or new‐onset renal failure with dialysis by hospital discharge or by day 28, whichever came first. Secondary outcomes included red‐cell transfusion and other clinical outcomes. RESULTS The primary outcome occurred in 11.4% of the patients in the restrictive‐threshold group, as compared with 12.5% of those in the liberal‐threshold group (absolute risk difference, ‐1.11 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], ‐2.93 to 0.72; odds ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.07; P<0.001 for noninferiority). Mortality was 3.0% in the restrictive‐threshold group and 3.6% in the liberal‐threshold group (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.62 to 1.16). Red‐cell transfusion occurred in 52.3% of the patients in the restrictive‐threshold group, as compared with 72.6% of those in the liberal‐threshold group (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.47). There were no significant between‐group differences with regard to the other secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing cardiac surgery who were at moderate‐to‐high risk for death, a restrictive strategy regarding red‐cell transfusion was noninferior to a liberal strategy with respect to the composite outcome of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, stroke, or new‐onset renal failure with dialysis, with less blood transfused. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; TRICS III ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02042898.)


Summary

Traditional techniques for stable isotope analysis (SIA) generally require sacrificing animals to collect tissue samples; this can be problematic when studying diets of endangered species such as the pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus. Our objectives were to (i) determine if pectoral fin tissue (non-lethal) could be a substitute for muscle tissue (lethal) in SIA of juvenile pallid sturgeon, and (ii) evaluate the influence of preservation techniques on stable isotope values. In the laboratory, individual juvenile pallid sturgeon were held for up to 186 day and fed chironomids, fish, or a commercially available pellet diet. Significant, positive relationships (r² ≥ 0.8) were observed between fin and muscle tissues for both δ15N and δ13C; in all samples isotopes were enriched in fins compared to muscle tissue. Chironomid and fish based diets of juvenile pallid sturgeon were distinguishable for fast growing fish (0.3 mm day−1) using stable δ15N and δ13C isotopes. Frozen and preserved fin tissue δ15N isotopes were strongly related (r2 = 0.89) but δ13C isotopes were weakly related (r2 = 0.16). Therefore, freezing is recommended for preservation of fin clips to avoid the confounding effect of enrichment by ethanol. This study demonstrates the utility of a non-lethal technique to assess time integrated food habits of juvenile pallid sturgeon and should be applicable to other threatened or endangered species.


In this work, the stress-point approach, which was developed to address tension instability and improve accuracy in Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) methods, is further extended and applied for one-dimensional (1-D) problems. Details of the implementation of the stress-point method are also given. A stability analysis reveals a reduction in the critical time step by a factor of 1/√2 when the stress points are located at the extremes of the SPH particle. An elementary damage law is also introduced into the 1-D formulation. Application to a 1-D impact problem indicates far less oscillation in the pressure at the interface for coarse meshes than with the standard SPH formulation. Damage predictions and backface velocity histories for a bar appear to be quite reasonable as well. In general, applications to elastic and inelastic 1-D problems are very encouraging. The stress-point approach produces stable and accurate results. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Identity is the basis of North Korea's regime legitimacy. As a divided country, North Korea's legitimacy is forged in the inter-Korean comparison. This paper starts with the question of what factors influence whether North Korea chooses to implement risky or cooperative policies toward South Korea, as well as what role domestic politics and ideology play in The Democratic People's Republic of Korea's (DPRK) formation and enactment of foreign policy. This paper confirmed that the Pyongyang leadership's policy priority has mostly depended on identity need. Also, we infer that Pyongyang tends to take a hostile stance whenever the South government is willing to infringe Pyongyang's legitimacy and dignity regardless of the South's economic assistance. This research attempts to explain how historical and cultural contexts play in the DPRK's formation of its policy toward the Republic of Korea, and also examines Rodong Sinmun, the official newspaper of the Pyongyang regime, through the lens of content analysis in order to determine the DPRK's perception and policy preferences toward the The Republic of Korea (ROK).


A test station for double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSD) has been set up allowing a full functional characterization of both silicon sensors and connected readout electronics. Due to the modular concept an adaptation to different sensor and frontend types is possible in future applications. First sensor modules have been tested successfully using the APV25 frontend chip. The entire setup can be controlled and monitored with a standard commercial PC. Components for signal processing and data acquisition are either custom made or commercially available. In parallel to a complete online monitoring, data is stored for further offline analysis. First measurements with the implemented sensor modules demonstrate the full functionality of the test station. In addition to a complete characterization of frontend electronics and sensors, results concerning energy deposition of penetrating particles, charge distribution within the sensor and imaging position resolution were obtained. This article contains a summary of all main components used within the test station, an illustration of the experimental setup and a description of the implemented software and data acquisition. Finally, main results of the measurements are summarized. Thomas Würschig et al MVD-note 005 Figure 1: Schematics of the test station with all main components. A modular concept of independent building blocks has been implemented. High voltage (HV) supply [12] , ADC card [15] and the FPGA board (using a SPARTAN3-E) [13] delivering trigger and clock are commercially available modules. All other components have been developed specifically for the test station driven by specifications of the chosen frontend chip (APV25-S1) and the sensor used.


Self-powered RF transceiver assemblies and the silicon-based thermoelectric photosensor placed on top of the RF power amplifier, which is the same as the sensor array structure composed of several modules. Wherein each sensor module is connected by a number of sets of thermocouples connected in series. A thermal sensor is placed in the end of the power amplifier heat set point (heat sink), while part of the heat away from the cold end and focused against the metal housing (heat sink plates), in order to achieve a larger temperature difference between both ends of the hot and cold forming. The output of the Seebeck effect to generate a DC voltage based on the sensor array structure, the DC voltage to charge the rechargeable battery energy storage; plate using a heat sink surface layer of photovoltaic material can efficiently absorb light energy, light energy collected can be formed photoelectric sensors. It can collect solar energy, thermal energy is self-powered, self-powered compared to conventional single energy collected by the sensors, the smaller volume of the present invention, the power supply capacity is greatly improved.


A–2 Let &#' denote the desired probability. Then & ( *),+., and, for / 0 ) , & ' 21 3 / 3 /54 ) 6 & '879( 4 1 ) 3 / 4 ):6 )<; & '879( 1 3 / ;=) 3 /54 ) 6 &#'879(94 ) 3 /54 )?> The recurrence yields &A@ 3 +CB , &#D E-.+.F , and by a simple induction, one then checks that for general / one has & ' / +: 3 /54 ), . A–3 By the quadratic formula, if &HG IJ K ML , then I @ NPO 3CQ 3 N 4 3 , and hence the four roots of &RG are given by S UT O Q NVO Q 3 W . If &#G factors into two nonconstant polynomials over the integers, then some subset of consisting of one or two elements form the roots of a polynomial with integer coefficients.


The boundary shift integral (BSI) is a widely used technique to measure atrophy in dementia. In this work we extend the BSI method through the use of probabilistic posteriors obtained through a 4D expectation-maximization (EM) segmentation framework. Our method exploits the probabilistic information of these posteriors to calculate an accurate region of interest (ROI) on which the generalized BSI is evaluated. We present a complete framework which refines spatial probabilistic priors for a baseline and a follow-up magnetic resonance (MR) scan simultaneously and incorporates this spatial information in a probabilistic BSI (PBSI) measure. To ensure a consistent estimate, we follow a symmetric strategy by transforming baseline and follow-up images to a common, intermediate coordinate system. We use the resulting atrophy measure to compute group separation between normal subjects, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). We show the superiority of this approach over state-ofthe-art methods on the ADNI cohort. We focus on a prediction of the conversion from MCI to AD, which is technically very challenging but clinically most useful. We present atrophy rates comparable to published manual rates and obtain a classification accuracy for separating stable and progressive MCI patient groups of 70.8%.


This study evaluated the effects of sodium lactate (2.5%), encapsulated (e) and unencapsulated (u) polyphosphates (PP; sodium tripolyphosphate, STP; sodium acid pyrophosphate, SPP), and their combinations on Listeria monocytogenes inhibition in cooked ground beef during storage (0, 15, 30 days). pH, water activity (aw), oxidationreduction potential (ORP) and L. monocytogenes counts were determined during storage. Results indicated that there was no difference among the groups in terms of L. monocytogenes counts at the beginning of storage, whereas the lowest L. monocytogenes counts were determined in the samples containing a combination of sodium lactate with uSPP or eSPP (P<0.05). The lower (P<0.05) ORP values were determined in all PP added groups during storage. ORP values increased with storage in all groups (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant changes in pH and aw levels during storage. The use of ePP did not create any significant changes on pH, aw, ORP and L. monocytogenes counts compared to that of uPP.


A drawbar dynamometer is required to measure drawbar forces in field research on energy inputs for agricultural field equipment, and tractive performance of agricultural tractors. In this study, a high capacity double extended octagonal ring (DEOR) drawbar dynamometer with a draft capacity of 180 kN was developed. The two extended octagonal rings were oriented vertically on either side of the drawbar which provided a better match of strain to expected drawbar draft and vertical load than could be achieved with previous designs with a hor izontal orientation. Strain distributions in the extended octagonal rings were analyzed using a finite element method to locate optimal strain gage positions to minimize cross sensitivity between draft and vertical force measurements. The DEOR was fabricated from high strength ANSI 4130 steel. Vertical and draft calibrations were done in a laboratory universal testing machine. Calibration results show that the dynamometer has a linearity of 0.99 and negligible cross sensitivity for both horizontal and vertical outputs. The DEOR dynamometer was tested in a field to measure the draft and vertical force of a sweep-type manure injector. No mechanical problems were observed for the dynamometer and its draft outputs were comparable to those reported in the literature for manure injectors.


(57) ABSTRACT The invention relates to a method for measuring param eters and/or properties in a nobile medium, e.g. a liquid or a gas. If acoustic energy is transmitted into a mobile medium, a flow is initiated in the medium. This flow is measured providing information on the properties of the medium. If the Inedium contains bodies which re flect acoustic and/or optical signals, ultrasound or laser Doppler is used for measuring the velocity of the bod ies. The Doppler-shifted signal provides information on the viscosity of the medium and on the bodies in the medium.


Objective To explore the influence of Rosiglitazone(ROS),a selective Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) ligand,on the drug sensitivity of drug-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR.Methods 50 cases of middle-late non-small cell lung cancer patients were randomly divided into 2 groups,25 cases of the observation group were treated by nida platinum plus gemcitabine,in control group,25 cases were treated by the cisplatin plus gemcitabine,observe the effects of the 2 methods and their side-effects.Results After 2 cycles,the observation group had CR 1 case,PR 9 cases,clinical control rates was 40%,and the control group had CR 1 case,PR 10 cases,clinical control rates was 44%,short-term curative effect of the 2 groups had no significant differences,P0.05.Hair loss,nausea,vomiting and kidney toxicity of the observation group was obviously less than those of the control group,there was statistical significance,P0.05.Platelet decline,white blood cells decrease,hemoglobin reduce,liver toxicity and phlebitis incidence had no significant differences between the 2 groups,P0.05.Conclusion Nida platinum plus gemcitabine chemotherapy plan and cisplatin plus gemcitabine scheme has similar curative effect,but the former has smaller side-effect with good tolerance and is the ideal clinical chemotherapy.


This paper sets out to perform a comparative analysis of the translations into Spanish of Virginia Woolf's feminist essays A Room of One's Own and Three Guineas , as well as a study of the correlation between Woolf's feminist ideas and the situation of Spanish women at the time the translations were published and nowadays. The aim of this work is to assess to what degree the translators' choices influenced the transmission of Woolf's intended message, and the connection of such translations to women's circumstances in Spain at the time of their publication. Newmark's (1988) and Holmes' (1988) approach to translation, together with feminist translation theory, provide the theoretical framework. The results assert the relevance of Woolf's feminist ideas and the essential role of translation in the construction of a feminine genealogy.


Size selection of airborne nanoparticles by differential mobility analyzers (DMA) is always hampered by the presence of larger particles carrying multiple charge downstream the mobility analyzer. Using two DMAs in series (tandem-DMA) improves monodispersity of the resulting aerosol, because most of the doubly charged larger particles exiting the first DMA will obtain single charge in the second neutralizer and therefore the fraction of larger particles downstream the second DMA is reduced. However, due to the low charging probability in bipolar chargers, usually this procedure yields too low particle concentrations to be useful.


An Investigation of Alternative Techniques for Parameter Estimation Problems for Systems of ODEs Jienan Yao Master of Science Graduate Department of Computer Science University of Toronto 2020 Estimating parameters for system of ODEs that best fit observed data can be challenging. The evaluation of the objective function for the parameter estimation usually involves numerically simulating the system of ODEs, which can be computationally expensive and may even suffer from simulation failure. Previous investigation suggested the use of a two-stage procedure by first determining promising candidate parameters using a related objective function that is easy to evaluate before applying a gradient-based optimizer using the full simulation objective function. In this investigation, techniques are considered for the first stage in the two-stage procedure for the parameter estimation problem. These techniques include physics-informed neural networks, Gaussian process regression, Koopman-based lifting methods and unscented Kalman filtering. Other modifications to these techniques that improve the initial guesses for a better chance of converging to the global optimum are also investigated. Experimental results for a set of test problems from the literature are included for comparison between these approaches.


Exosome, a kind of utricle bubble, is present in virtually all cells, which has potential clinical application value in the communication between cells, disease biology marks and drug delivery. In this paper, we made a review of recent progress of exosome using for diagnosis and treatments of cancer, ischemia/reperfusion injury, hematopoietic injury, osteal diseases.


We recently experienced two patients who underwent surgical resection of pericardial diverticulum in the right middle mediastinum. The diagnosis was obtained during surgery.Fifty-nine percent of reported pericardial diverticula in Japan were located in the right upper or the right middle mediastinum ; the majority were in "cephalad recess of azygos vein" which is between the superior vena cava and the azygos vein. This seems to be the noteworthy position for pericardial diverticulum. Therefore, the frequency of a cystic tumor in the right upper or right middle mediastinum being a pericardial diverticulum may be high.


The following has been established (or asserted and deferred): Pr[B] ≤ 2 Pr[B′] (2) Pr[e(h)|S, S′] ≤ 2 −m 2 (3) Where: S ≡ our training sample of m random points according to D (4) S′ ≡ our other sample of m random points according to D (5) M(h) ≡ the number of mistakes h makes on S′ (6) e(h) ≡ h consistent with S ∧M(h) ≥ m 2 (7) B ≡ ∃h ∈ H : h consistent with S ∧ errD(h) > (8) B′ ≡ ∃h ∈ H : e(h) (9)


In this paper, we report a synthetic, molecular structure, thermochemical, and ab initio Hartree−Fock/Moller−Plesset level study of bonding and bonding energetics in the group 6 metallocene oxo series Cp2Mo/(MeCp)2MO, M = Cr, Mo, W. Efficient, high-yield syntheses of the pairs Cp2MH2/(MeCp)2MH2, Cp2MCl2/(MeCp)2MCl2, and Cp2MO/(MeCp)2MO where M = Mo or W are reported. The molecular structure of (MeCp)2WO features a "bent sandwich" geometry with a WO distance of 2.04(1) A and an average WC(Cp) distance of 2.371(8) A. Thus, WC(Cp) exhibits a ∼0.07 A elongation over the corresponding distance in typical Cp2WX2 complexes and a WO distance which appears to be elongated versus what might be expected for a formal triple bond. D(MO) values obtained from (MeCp)2MO silanolytic (Me3SiCl, Me3SiI) batch titration calorimetry are very large:  110(11) kcal/mol (M = Mo) and 132(10) kcal/mol (M = W). The corresponding D(WOTMS) value is determined to be 65(18) kcal/mol. Ab initio relativistic core potential calculations rev...


We fabricate near-infrared absorbing organic photovoltaics that are highly transparent to visible light. By optimizing near-infrared optical-interference, we demonstrate power efficiencies of 1.3±0.1% with simultaneous average visible transmission of >65%. Subsequent incorporation of near-infrared distributed-Bragg-reflector mirrors leads to an increase in the efficiency to 1.7±0.1%, approaching the 2.4±0.2% efficiency of the opaque cell, while maintaining high visible-transparency of >55%. Finally, we demonstrate that a series-integrated array of these transparent cells is capable of powering electronic devices under near-ambient lighting. This architecture suggests strategies for high-efficiency power-generating windows and highlights an application uniquely benefiting from excitonic electronics.


The invention discloses a three-dimensional model optimal visual angle selection method based on sketch outline features. The method includes using a feature matching algorithm on the basis of outline line contexts, and mapping determined hand-painted sketches to the visual angles of corresponded three-dimensional models; on the basis of the frequency of the three-dimensional model visual angles mapped by the hand-painted sketches, selecting positive and negative training samples of the potential optimal visual angles of the models; establishing feature vectors for the three-dimensional models through a 'word bag' module, and learning and acquiring a classifier of the potential optimal visual angles of the three-dimensional models through a 'support vector machine' on the basis of the positive and negative training samples; guiding the diversity of the three-dimensional model visual angles into the sorting algorithm, and selecting the optimal visual angles of the determined number for the three-dimensional models. By the aid of the method, the selection results meet the human visual sense better, and the higher adaptability is provided.


The purpose of this study was to show the effect of service quality on the loyalty of sharia hotel guests in the city of Bandung. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a research sample of 110 respondents. The data analysis technique used is linear regression with SPSS software version 22. Based on the results of linear regression analysis, this study shows that service quality has a significant effect on the loyalty of sharia hotel guests in the city of Bandung. The implication of this study shows that the service quality variable has a direct effect on increasing the loyalty of sharia hotel guests in the city of Bandung. However, this study implies the need for better service quality in sharia hotels, especially in the comfort aspect. This research is expected to provide benefits for sharia-based lodging service business actors to be able to continue to improve their service quality strategy.


We use the idea of dependence balance to obtain the first improvement over the cut-set bound for the discrete memoryless multiple access channel with noiseless feedback (MAC-FB). More specifically, we consider a binary additive noisy MAC-FB whose capacity does not coincide with the Cover-Leung achievable rate region. Evaluating the dependence balance bound is difficult due to an involved auxiliary random variable. We overcome this difficulty by using functional analysis to explicitly evaluate our upper bound for the binary additive noisy MAC-FB and show that it is strictly less than the cut-set bound for the symmetric-rate point on the capacity region.


Wakatobi is one of the Bharata that belongs to the governance system of Buton Sultanate. Therefore, as an ex-Islamic kingdom, certainly, Buton has various local wisdom in the life its society. One of the local wisdom can be seen in the system of their environmental conservation. This study made use of ethnographic approach; so, the researcher would like to expect that society might access multiple information related to the values that had become the foundation of environmental conservation in Wakatobi through this study. With this approach, the researcher would also like to expect that he gathered the data regarding how the society of Wakatobi viewed the Islamic values in their environmental conservation. The results of the study show that the biosphere heritage in Wakatobi land has been a genuine artwork by the traditional society of Wakatobi, which has been based on the Islamic values. Some of these values are internalized through kangkilo doctrine that includes: (1) kangkiloawalu (early holiness); and (2) kangkiloakhiri (final holiness). These values then have implications for their actions toward the environment. Several conservation concepts that have been based on these Islamic values can be seen in the forest, the kaindea, the motika, the menani (Napoleon) fish, the environmental management, and the shell (rondora, untu, watu). Also, the values of rahmatan lil alamin can also be found in the prayers that these traditional society utter when they are planting a tree.


This research was aimed to determine the effectiveness of bio-slurry fertilizer on the growth and production of soybean plants which was conducted in the Pucak village, Tompobulu District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi from July to October 2016. The research was set in randomized block design (RBD) with 8 treatments replicated three times. Treatment used were the application of bio-slurry consisted of 8 level of concentrations, namely: control (0 mL.liter-1 of water), 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 mL.liter-1 of water. The variables measured were plant's height, number of pods, weight of 100-seed, and soybean seeds' yield per hectare. The results of research shows that the application of bio-slurry effectively improved growth and yield of soybean (pod's number, 100-seed's weight and seed yield per hectare). Optimal concentration of liquid bio-slurry to obtain maximum results were 9.27 mL.liter-1 of water for the highest number of pods (68.49 pods); concentration of 8.75 mL.liter-1 of water for heaviest weight of 100 grains (14.22 grams); and the concentration 8,12 mL.liter-1 of water for the highest production of seed per hectare (23.20 quintal).


To date both primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) have focused almost exclusively on the modification of conventional risk factors such as smoking, hyperlipidaemia, and hypertension. The exciting new concept is emerging that a common factor may mediate atherogenesis across what at first sight appears to be a wide spectrum of risk. This factor is oxidised low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL). Ox-LDL damages the endothelium and has potent proatherogenic actions including enhanced uptake by macrophages leading to cholesterol ester enrichment and monocyte chemotaxis and cytotoxicity.' Vitamin E inhibits oxidation ofLDL and supplementation with vitamin E therefore seems to be a logical interventional strategy to prevent CHD.


A study concerning the use of a 1 cm2 p-i-n (alpha) -Si:H structure coupled to a 1 cm3 CsI(Tl) scintillator is presented and discussed as a survey meter in the range from 20 to 125 keV x ray peak energy. A particular mesa etch, coupled with standard photolithography, lowers dark current in the pA region, allowing the use of the detector in the photovoltaic mode. In this work, we describe the details of detector fabrication, the various steps of detector simulation in order to look for detector performance improvements, and the different stages of detector testing in the reported energy range. For each energy, the linearity of the detector response as a function of the dose rate has been accurately measured and compared with standard ionization chambers of different volumes. Finally, the effective energy reconstruction and the instrument calibration is presented and discussed. Wearing-on applications, similar to film badges, are envisaged and possible solutions are introduced and discussed.


This study assessed the Socio-economic effects of Fuel wood and Charcoal consumption in some selected settlements in Gwagwalada Area Council, with the view of identifying how fuel wood consumption has positively improve the social and economic life of the people and it consequences on the health and the environment at large. The study employed survey research design. A sample of 341 respondents was selected for the study which comprises of the sellers of the fuel wood and the general public who make use of the products. The respondents were selected randomly from the eight communities and analysed using the SPSS for percentage, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Results show that the main sources of cooking energy in Gwagwalada Area Council is fuel wood and charcoal which served 23.2% of the respondents, as their major source; and 73.6% claimed that they acquire the fuel wood and charcoal through purchase from the marketers with a response mean score of mean=2.78, standard deviation of 1.15 and coefficient of variation of 41.67%, implying that the their responses are having diverse views, this cuts across all the socioeconomic groups, however, their awareness on the environmental impacts was very low. It also shows that 37% earned less than N18, 000, followed by 20.8% earning N51, 000 and above, others earned average of N20, 000. Though accessing fuel wood and charcoal is becoming a little bit difficult, it still remains the cheapest as fuel wood/charcoal worth of N50 can serve for a household meal. All of the respondents, with mean score of 1.65, SD=0.5 and COV=30.2 indicated of haven experienced one form of health problem the other. They benefited in terms of employment and wealth creation. Some recommendations were made among which are; alternative energy sources should be encourage, tree farming culture, improve ways of harnessing and using fuel wood should be encourage.


Chlorophyll content decreased when excised lemon fruits were exposed to light. A quantitative model for the photodestruction of chlorophyll exhibited reasonable agreement with data on in vivo destruction of chlorophyll. Photodestruction of chlorophyll was enhanced by treating fruit with 2′,4′-dichloro-l-cyanoethane-sulphonanilide (R33417). Measurable enhancement of chlorophyll destruction was observed with concentrations of R33417 as low as 10 μg/l. Maximum activity was achieved at approximately 600 μg/1. R33417 treatment enhanced photodestruction of chlorophyll to a greater extent at higher photon flux densities.


The study of co-complexation reactions between NaCH(2)SiMe(3) and Mg(CH(2)SiMe(3))(2) has allowed the isolation and structural elucidation of the first solvent-free alkali-metal alkylmagnesiate [{NaMg(CH(2)SiMe(3))(3)}(∞)] (1) as well as the related solvent-free sodium alkyl [{(NaCH(2)SiMe(3))(4)}(∞)] (3).


Simple predictions of diffusive shock acceleration for stationary planar configurations including upstream ion escape are illustrated for a seed population including both solar wind ions and remnant suprathermal ions. Current challenges to the theory of diffusive shock acceleration are discussed, including the appropriate shock compression ratio, solar wind injection rates, temporal variations, and proton‐excited wave enhancements.


In The Japanese Chronicles, Nicolas Bouvier presents a full experience of being in the world, where all the senses are engaged, smell and taste in particular. Bouvier recalibrates the question of the body in travel narratives and shows how the senses can inform knowledge about the other, as organs of intercultural mediation. The sensorial notes of the text become tools for anthropological knowledge, calling on the body.


In one embodiment, a method of generating an offer package (offer package) is within the offer package includes determining a description of the product to be provided. Also, cost and skill to provide a product which is also provided as defined within the offer package, offer package includes an encrypted version of the product to be provided.


Author's treatment for basic high-technology manufacturing and estimation tools of national high-tech goods production. Expediency of government control and stimulation of national High-Tech goods production personification is being grounded.


This paper presents a comparison of the signal estimation with the existing threshold approach and Kalman filter based approach. The kalman filter is a best estimation of optical signal even in the presence of noise. In optical communication system as the link length increases signal gets more and more distorted. So, it becomes difficult to estimate the signal. Kalman filter is a recursive filter, which provides an estimate with minimum mean square. Optical communication system modeling is done with state-space equation. The variances of the noise introduced at various stages (photo detector, amplifier) of the optical communication system are considered. Measurements of the bit error rate at various signal to noise ratios and also at different number of samples in a bit are observed, which represents that an increase in signal to noise ratio or the number of samples in a bit causes the bit error rate to decrease. Estimation of optical signal using kalman filter reduces the BER effectively. Keyword: OFC, BER, SNR, threshold based estimation, Kalman filtering


With the development of internet,the physical and psychological harm of the internet addiction to the adolescent stu-dents has aroused wide attention of our society.The previous investigation has shown that the internet addiction disorders in the western countries are not an outstanding problem as reported in China although the internet use of the adolescent students in western countries is much more popular as compared with that in china.Based on the analysis of the different educational systems in China and the western countries,the possible educational coping strategies are proposed to avoid the internet addic-tion of the adolescent students.


Wastewater from crude palm oil mills contains high organic matter, which potentially produces biogas through anaerobic digestion processes. The design and operation of an anaerobic bioreactor require a good understanding of the reaction kinetic in the bioreactor. This study aimed to evaluate the biogas production from POME and to determine the kinetic parameters of microbial growth and the substrate utilization rates in a CIGAR. An experiment was conducted using a 5-m3 bioreactor with a working volume of 4.4 m3. Wastewater from the Bekri palm oil mill was stored in a 5-m3 tank. After stabilization, the wastewater was loaded into the reactor at a rate of 100 to 250 L/d, corresponding to a COD loading rate of 1.373-3.097 kg·m-3.d-1, and an HRT of 18-44 days. Monod, Contois, Moser, and Shuler kinetic models were evaluated. The results showed that the Shuler model performed best for microbial activities, while the first order reaction model performed best for the substrate utilization kinetic. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) for the Shuler model was 0.052 d-1 and the saturation constant (Kso) was 0.119. The maximum substrate utilization rate constant (ks) was 2.183 d-1 and biomass yield (Yx/s) 0.024 kg/kg. The maximum average efficiency of anaerobic degradation (34.4%) occurred at a feeding rate of 100 L/d with methane yield of 0.120 Nm3/kg of removed COD. This value is relatively low compared to the maximum potential of 0.350 Nm3/kg CODr.


ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Original Research Paper Received 21 April 2016 Accepted 18 May 2016 Available Online 14 August 2016 Piezoelectric actuators (PA) are widely used in electromechanical systems due to interesting properties such as: high resolution, fast response, wide bandwidth, mechanical simplicity, high stiffness. Despite these unique desirable properties, they suffer from nonlinear behaviors which adversely affect the positioning accuracy. Among them, hysteresis between applied voltage and actuator position is the most important nonlinearity which can lead to significant error if not compensated. In this study, a sliding mode controller associated with an unknown input observer, which uses the position feedback provided by a selfsensing circuit, is suggested for use in micro positioning applications. The selfsensing technique is based on the linear relation between position and charge, which is measured by an active charge measurement circuit. The advantages of proposed scheme could be summarized as follows. It is a sensorless method which does not need an external position sensor. It does not need any operators to model hysteresis or its inverse. It has improved performance in comparison to traditional controllers like proportional integral (PI) controller. Obtained experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed method to use in micro-positioning applications.


Abstract One of the primary concerns of feminist theology is to promote the full humanity of women and men by questioning forms of thought that demean human persons. The Christian doctrine of a triune God is open to such critique, because it has traditionally been presented in terms that are exclusive and even oppressive to some. Joseph A. Bracken, S.J. proposes a process model of the Trinity that is significant for contemporary feminist theology, because it potentially promotes human flourishing. It does this in at least two ways. First, because this model does not rely on relationships of origin to distinguish the divine persons, it invites the development of inclusive metaphors that embrace human diversity. Secondly, it proposes a nonhierarchical, interrelational view of the Trinity that is arguably compatible with the faith experience of persons who are subject to any sort of oppression. Further, this model illustrates the participation of human persons in the dynamic interrelationship shared by the divine persons.


There is provided a method for its nanostructure array or pattern is formed. The method comprises forming on a coating comprising a nanostructure association group array, the array is formed in the spin-on dielectric, the solvent annealing after deposition nanostructure patterned using a photoresist, and / or promoting the use of array is formed devices. It provides related devices for forming nanostructure arrays, which is a device comprising an array of nanostructures (e.g., memory devices). Nanostructures also provides protection, by fusing it in a high temperature processing from.


Purpose: We report a case of phakomatous choristoma presenting as an orbital tumor with involvement of the inferior oblique muscle. Case summary: A 2-month-old male infant presented to our clinic with a right orbital mass that had been present since birth. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a homogenous enhanced well-defined mass located in the inferomedial portion of the right orbit without bone erosion. By transconjunctival orbitotomy, the orbital tumor invading the inferior oblique muscle was identified and resected. Histopathology showed a thick basement membrane surrounding pseudoglandular structures embedded in a collagenous stroma, psammomatous calcific foci in the stroma, and eosinophilic material in the lumen. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positive staining for S-100 and cytokeratin. On histopathological evaluation, the tumor was diagnosed as phakomatous choristoma. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report in South Korea of phakomatous choristoma of the orbit with involvement of the inferior oblique muscle. Although rare, phakomatous choristoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors occurring on the inferomedial side of the orbit.


For two centuries the number of books from Montaigne's own library that have been found has kept increasing, thanks principally to the work of Dr Payen, Paul Bonnefon, Pierre Villey and Auguste Salles. The last list published goes back to 1940, so an update is due and is all the more necessary as a dozen books have been discovered since then. The lists, moreover, have never ceased to attract criticism, especially the most recent one, that of Salles, which is highly debatable. The autograph ex-libris of Montaigne is the touchstone in the identification of these books. A final total of 99 books are recognized as having belonged to the author of the Essays, the count being based on actual volumes, following Montaigne's own example. The books he owned during his very early years are grouped separately. They are five in number, one of which is the hitherto unknown Commentaries of Caesar. Particular attention has been paid to the annotated books. Three have been long known and studied by scholars: another copy of Caesar's Commentaries, the Annales of Nicole Gilles and Quintus Curtius' History of Alexander the Great. In contrast, a fourth book is a very recent discovery : Lucretius' De rerum natura. Its state of preservation and the wealth of its annotations are such that it constitutes a major find and it is currently the object of an exhaustive study by Michael Screech. Another group of books, some long known and others that have recently surfaced, belong to a contested category, not only because they lack the ex-libris but for a variety of other reasons. The classification of the notes covering these hundred or so books in most cases is accompanied by a precise description, together with their location, their provenance and the principal bibliographical references pertaining to them.


In recent years the mental health of British university undergraduates has aroused considerable interest. The findings of Parnell (1951) at Oxford, Davy (1957 and 1960) at Cambridge, Malleson (1958) at University College, London, and Juel-Jensen (1962) at Oxford indicate that up to 20 per cent. of students suffer psychiatric disturbances of sufficient degree to constitute a handicap in their daily life. Furthermore, mental ill-health is one of the most important reasons why undergraduates lose time from their studies or withdraw from university altogether. Read (1954) stressed the advantages of the psychiatric service for students at the London School for Economics.


The authors present a case of extensive biopsy proven giant cell tumour of the distal femur in a 27 years-old man revealed by a trauma. He was treated by classic curettage-graft and additional simple cast immobilization instead of internal fixation to prevent the collapse of the fragile affected condyle after curettage. The functional outcome of the knee is satisfactory after one year of follow-up.  The POP cast could be an affordable and safe alternative to internal fixation in the treatment of GCT with high risk of fracture in limited conditions of practice in Africa.


Aiming at the characteristics which are small thickness,small stone,desired dense as traditional surface,better texture depth and other service performances of ultra thin asphalt concrete,the mixing ratio test of ultra thin asphalt concrete is done with combined orthogonal experimental method.First,five important factors are selected which are ratio of filler to bitumen,the type of asphalt,aggregate and filler and coarse aggregate content,with two levels of each are selected for orthogonal experiment except ratio of filler to bitumen with four levels,then it is studied on the mixing ratio of ultra thin asphalt concrete with considering the air voids,Marshall stability,split strength,dynamic stability and TSR all five key control indexes.Results of tests and analysis show that engineering performance is best while the ratio of filler to bitumen is 1.3,choosing diabase,SBS modified asphalt,cement and coarse aggregate content is 65%.


In January 2020, following the Executive Order of President Trump, the United States imposed additional sanctions targeting predominately Iran's metals sector including copper, iron and steel manufactures (the "Order"). These sanctions were designed to expand secondary sanctions to cover new industry sectors such as mining, textiles and construction. The secondary sanctions aim to deter and penalize non-U.S. individuals and entities who knowingly engaged in a "significant transaction" for the sale or transfer of Iranian goods in connection with those sectors. In effect, the Order also imposes criminal sanctions against third-country actors for engaging in activities, like financial and technological support of Iranian parties that may not have a U.S. nexus. For instance, U.S. secondary sanctions threaten to bar non-U.S. entities, such as European businesses, from foreign exchange transactions subject to U.S. jurisdiction, or to deny certain loans from U.S. financial institutions. Such extra-territorial reach of jurisdiction may cause many contracts between Iranian entities and non-U.S. entities to become inoperative. To this effect, the recent imposition of sanctions on Iran brings into focus the suitability of international arbitration as a mechanism to resolve disputes arising out of secondary sanctions.


This paper deals with the problem of parity space based fault estimation problem for a class of discretetime Markovian jump systems.A new design criteria is introduced to evaluate the fault estimation performance index,and a relationship between the parity space-based fault estimation and the minimum problem of certain matrix quadratic form is built.Based on this,a necessary and sufficient condition for the minimum problem is derived,and a unified analytic solution to the parity matrices is obtained.A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Xiao Renfu is a Hunan writer,whose novel-writing in recent years has had an extensive impact in the Chinese literature world.The theme of his novel-writing has been expanded mainly in three aspects:First,it is the experience and narration of folk culture,survival condition and spirit feature in the contemporary minority areas;Second,it is the examination and reflection of the bureaucratic culture in recent times from the folk standpoint;third,it is the continuous and profound exploration of the contemporary intellectual's spirit state,with the center of modern transmutation of the Shi Tao ideas.


A field study was carried out during kharif 2017-18 at College of Horticulture, Venkataramannagudem with 53 genotypes in a randomized block design with three replications to estimate the yield, quality traits and Chilli leaf curl virus resistance in chilli (Capsicum annuum L). The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters indicating the presence of genetic variability among the genotypes. Among fifty three genotypes, the genotype IHR 4611 was found maximum dry yield per plant, whereas, the genotype IHR1485 recorded for fresh to dry recovery. The genotype Bhut Jolokia was found maximum for capsaicin content, IHR 4600 recorded maximum for oleoresin content, IHR 4031 found maximum for high ascorbic acid, IHR 4612 recorded for high color value, whereas, two genotypes viz., IHR 1485 and IHR 4597 were found for resistant to Chilli leaf curl virus. The breeders can make use of them in the production of cultivars with outstanding yield, quality and resistance traits.


GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT A new C21 steroidal glycoside, qinyangshengenin-3-O-β-D-digitoxopyranoside (1), together with a known steroidal glycoside, qinyangshengenin-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D- cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranoside (2), was isolated from the medicinal plant Prunella vulgaris Linn. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments, and chemical evidence.


The purpose of this work is to identify the criteria for the implementation of the digital economy and to specify the principles of state intervention in environmental and economic policy. The article is devoted to identify problems in the development and implementation of automated information systems, the interaction of information systems and the automated management of economic processes. Based on the analysis of data on current approaches to the digital economy in the Russian Federation, it was concluded that the digital economy is automated management of the economy on the basis of advanced information technologies. To implement the digital economy and control the environmental situation, to develop an effective environmental and economic policy, it is necessary to implement an automated management system (AMS) that meets certain criteria. Only automated information systems (AIS) are in the process of development, which are aimed to regulate the relations of objects of informatization as well as control actions of subjects of management. AIS and AMS do not exclude each other, but can complement each other. In addition to the general criteria for automated systems, the work is dedicated to the private ones that are necessary for the technical and operational design of the AIS. In the future, these criteria should be transformed into integration gateways between AIS elements.


On June 28, 2007, the Supreme Court announced the last 3 of its 68 signed-opinion decisions of the 2006 term. Of this total, 22 raised at least one criminal justice issue, in comparison to 30 such cases from the 2005 term's total of 69 decisions. The latter portion of last term was marked by high-profile decisions that reflected sharp divisions on the Court, not only in the criminal justice area but also in cases that addressed issues concerning voluntary school integration plans, so-called partial birth abortions, campaign finance, and the scope of First Amendment liberties enjoyed by high school students. Altogether, 24 of the term's 68 signed-opinion decisions produced a five-to-four split among the justices. Most of the five-to-four decisions in criminal justice cases presented issues that in some way entailed death penalty jurisprudence. On the other hand, unanimity was achieved in a major Fourth Amendment decision that addressed the rights of vehicle passengers, and in another case that placed limitations on the lower federal courts' prerogatives to expand on congressional efforts to curtail the volume of civil rights suits brought by prison inmates. In contrast to the previous term's 5 decisions that addressed important doctrinal issues pertaining to the Fourth Amendment, in the 2006 term there were only 2 such cases, and in one of those the issue was ancillary to the resolution of a procedural matter that arose in the course of federal civil rights litigation. In fact, last term there was relatively little attempt by the Court to add significantly to the body of constitutional law that governs criminal procedure outside of some of the decisions in the area of sentencing. Approximately one half of the Court's criminal justice output addressed sentencing issues, assigning to that category a broad definition, and by far the majority of these arose in the capital sentencing context. In many of its sentencing decisions, as well in other areas, the Court was much occupied with questions of statutory interpretation and the corollary application to lower court rulings of the gatekeeping provisions contained in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996. In 9 of the 22 criminal justice decisions, the Court found occasion to apply that statute, in which Congress adopted measures that were designed to police the volume of habeas corpus applications filed in federal district courts by persons who had been convicted at the state level. Because of the wide array of the subject matter and the procedural posture in which many of last term's cases were framed, there has been no attempt to group the following summaries under topical headings. In general, but far from invariably, the summaries are presented in a sequence that reflects the passage of a criminal case through the system, from Fourth Amendment issues through the correctional setting. The only source referenced in citing and quoting passages from principal cases is the Supreme Court Reporter. Statutory citations appear only in the body of the text.


Segmented polyurethane-urea (SPUU) is a block copolymer which consists of hard and soft segments. SPUU films with different ratios of ethylenediamine (EDA) and propylenediamine (PDA) as chain extenders were prepared. The values of two parameters of C1 and higher order term Δh obtained by Mooney-Rivlin plots in the stress-strain relationship were estimated. It was clarified that these parameters had good relation with the aggregate structure of hard segments which were formed through hydrogen bonding. The higher order term Δh and hydrogen bond concentration of urea group measured by FT-IR decreased with increasing PDA content in hard segment. Infrared dichroism measurements revealed that hard segments showed peculiar orientation behaviors. Transverse orientations of hard segments occurred at initial state of elongation process, which were caused by orientation of long axis of the hard segment aggregate structures. The orientation of soft segments, however, was not affected by hard segment structures.


Purpose Despite ongoing efforts to improve surgical education, surgical residents face gaps in their training. However, it is unknown if differences in the training of surgeons are reflected in the patient outcomes of those surgeons once they enter practice. This study aimed to compare the patient outcomes among new surgeons performing partial colectomy—a common procedure for which training is limited—and cholecystectomy—a common procedure for which training is robust. Method The authors retrospectively analyzed all adult Medicare claims data for patients undergoing inpatient partial colectomy and inpatient cholecystectomy between 2007 and 2018. Generalized additive mixed models were used to investigate the associations between surgeon years in practice and risk-adjusted rates of 30-day serious complications and death for patients undergoing partial colectomy and cholecystectomy. Results A total of 14,449 surgeons at 4,011 hospitals performed 340,114 partial colectomy and 355,923 cholecystectomy inpatient operations during the study period. Patients undergoing a partial colectomy by a surgeon in their 1st vs 15th year of practice had higher rates of serious complications (5.22% [95% CI, 4.85%–5.60%] vs 4.37% [95% CI, 4.22%–4.52%]; P < .01) and death (3.05% [95% CI, 2.92%–3.17%] vs 2.83% [95% CI, 2.75%–2.91%]; P < .01). Patients undergoing a cholecystectomy by a surgeon in their 1st vs 15th year of practice had similar rates of 30-day serious complications (4.11% vs 3.89%; P = .11) and death (1.71% vs 1.70%; P = .93). Conclusions Patients undergoing partial colectomy faced a higher risk of serious complications and death when the operation was performed by a new surgeon compared to an experienced surgeon. Conversely, patient outcomes following cholecystectomy were similar for new and experienced surgeons. More attention to partial colectomy during residency training may benefit patients.


According to data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, in 1998, 15,305, or 37% of the nation's 41,471 fatalities, occurred when single vehicles left the roadway unintentionally. On rural roads, approximately two-thirds of fatalities are the result of run-off-the-road crashes. Thus, it is not surprising that the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), which has set a goal of reducing the total number of highway-related fatalities and injuries by 20% in the next 10 years, has made run-off-the-road crashes its top priority. One of the most effective ways to reduce run-off-the-road crashes is the rumble strip. Guardrails, another good deterrent, are slightly more complicated. FHWA estimates that virtually all signs and light poles on the national highway system today are of the breakaway type. Minnesota-based 3M is testing magnetic lateral warning and guidance tape as a guide for plows operating in heavy snowstorms. Even in poor visibility conditions, drivers can tell where the edge of the road is because of signals from the tape that are picked up by an onboard display in the vehicle's cab. 3M plans to test the tape as a sort of electronic rumble strip to help prevent run-off-the-road crashes.


Introduction: Epidural spinal cord stimulation (SCS) seems to be an alternative treatment for therapy-resistant angina pectoris. This report assesses the efficacy of SCS in improving quality of life (QoL) and influence on myocardial perfusion. Material and methods: In the year 2004 seven patients with therapy-resistant angina pectoris were enrolled in a prospective study. The patients had a spinal cord stimulator implanted. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated in SPECT-MIBI prior to implantation and in the 3, 6 and 12 month after. Coronary reserve was assessed in an exercise test and QoL in a questionnaire. Results: QoL improved in all patients within 3 months of the implantation. Coronary capacity increased in 2 patients and in 5 patients it stayed at the same level. Myocardial perfusion improved in 2 patients, deteriorated in 3 patients and in 2 it did not change. Conclusions: SCS improves QoL. It seems not to influence myocardial perfusion.


This paper aims to present a novel optimization technique, the residual power series (RPS), for handling certain classes of fuzzy fractional differential equations of order 1<γ≤2 under strongly generalized differentiability. The proposed technique relies on generalized Taylor formula under Caputo sense aiming at extracting a supportive analytical solution in convergent series form. The RPS algorithm is significant and straightforward tool for creating a fractional power series solution without linearization, limitation on the problem's nature, sort of classification, or perturbation. Some illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the RPS scheme. The results obtained show that the scheme is simple and reliable and there is good agreement with exact solution.


Progress is reported in each major area of the Hydrazine Program. The installation and testing of the hydrazine decontamination apparatus are described. Several ion exchange resins were found to be effective in removing I/sup 131/ from hydrazine. The installation and problems of loop components are discussed. (D.L.C.)


...............................................................................................................................v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................1 BACKGROUND.........................................................................................................................3 REVIEW OF COMPUTER MODELS........................................................................................5 LEVELS OF INTELLIGENT CONTROL – AN OVERVIEW ...................................................9 AN ARCHITECTURE FOR ACHIEVING OPTIMIZING, ADAPTIVE CONTROL ...............11 Background Material .............................................................................................................11 System Architecture ..............................................................................................................12 Control Element ................................................................................................................14 Analysis Element ...............................................................................................................15 Learning Element...............................................................................................................16 Summary ...............................................................................................................................16 ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH DATA COLLECTION ............................................................17 Plant Flow Sheet....................................................................................................................17 Data Model Development: Completing the Mass Balance ......................................................18 Difficulties in Modeling Due to Inadequacies Associated with the Plant Data .........................23 Limited Amounts of Data...................................................................................................23 Noisy Data.........................................................................................................................23 Data Quality ......................................................................................................................24 Anomalous Data ................................................................................................................24 Insufficient Data Tagging...................................................................................................24 Summary ...........................................................................................................................25 RESULTS OF PLANT SIMULATIONS...................................................................................27 Overview of the Neural Network Model ................................................................................27 Neural Network Particulars ...................................................................................................30 Neural Network Model Performance .....................................................................................31 AN OPTIMIZING, ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM ............................................................33 AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO PLANT CONTROL.....................................................37 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS.........................................................................................41 LITERATURE CITED .............................................................................................................43 APPENDIX -FEED BPL, FATTY ACID, AND RECOVERY DATA ..................................A-1


Viral hepatitis is endemic in the South Asia region and is mainly caused by four hepatotropic viruses: hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). South Asia region consists of developing countries and HAV and HEV infections are common because of poor sanitary conditions and hygiene practices. HAV and HEV are transmitted person-to-person by fecal‒oral route. HBV and HCV are transmitted via permucosal or percutaneous exposure. It is important to know the impact of these viral infections in the setting of transplantation including evaluation and management in pre, peri, and posttransplant periods. This review summarizes the epidemiology, preventive practices, and advisory for travelers to these endemic regions. Furthermore, recommendations for screening donors and recipients in transplant settings are discussed.


purpose of this work is to analyze the aeroelastic frequency response of a modern wind turbine from collective pitch demands and generator control actions to changes in rotor speed in open-loop.

 (cid:9)Predictions of the aeroelastic frequency responses from actuators to sensors are necessary for proper wind turbine control design. The controller must be designed based on a model that correctly predicts the aeroelastic response of the wind turbine to meet the objectives of the controller. Proper design of a wind turbine controller can reduce power variations and fatigue and extreme loads on components and thereby increase their lifetime.
 (cid:9)Control design for wind turbines is often done using linearized design models of low order. Bossanyi [3] has suggested appropriate complexity of models to be used for control design of a pitch-regulated, variable-speed


BACKGROUND A prospective, randomized, double‐blind, multicenter, Phase III trial of incobotulinumtoxinA using new Food and Drug Administration endpoints. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of a single dose of incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of glabellar frown lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred seventy‐one subjects with moderate to severe glabellar frown lines at maximum frown—as assessed by an investigator according to the facial wrinkle scale (FWS)—were randomized 2:1 to receive one treatment of 20 U of incobotulinumtoxinA or placebo, respectively, and assessed over 120 days. The primary efficacy variable was a composite endpoint consisting of patients who were 2‐point or more responders at maximum frown on Day 30 according to the investigator's rating on the FWS, and 2‐point or more responders at maximum frown on Day 30 according to the patient's assessment on a 4‐point scale. Safety analyses were performed throughout the study. RESULTS IncobotulinumtoxinA was statistically significantly more efficacious than placebo using a new rigorous composite endpoint (p < .0001). CONCLUSION A single dose of 20 U of incobotulinumtoxinA is superior to placebo in the treatment of glabellar frown lines at Day 30 and is well‐tolerated.


Thin films containing Co, C, and N were co-sputtered in vacuum for kinetic studies of oxygen reduction in alkaline electrolytes. Stability tests show that the oxygen reduction activity of the Co-C-N catalysts deteriorates with time. Films were characterized with X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) surface techniques before and after electrochemical studies. The analyses reveal a loss of cobalt and nitrogen from the surface region and the formation of cobalt oxide species through its reaction with oxygen. However, the activity of the optimal film, which decreased by less than 50% after two months of continuous operation, is considerably stable compared to metal chelates. The oxygen adsorption on the film surface appears to be consistent with the Griffith model, while the rate-determining step is the primary charge transfer. The mechanism for a four electron oxygen reduction has been proposed.


The United States' Harvard University remains the number one in the world ranking of universities followed by Yale University, topping United Kingdom's Cambridge and Oxford.


Server clusters can be used to manage the massive number of requests that a hot website will receive, so as to meet the rapid development of Internet application. The Linux Virtual Server provides a good solution for cluster revision, and there is software that can be used for management and monitoring. However, the scheduling algorithms of Linux Virtual Server are not sufficient to deal with the heavy load balancing required today. A dynamic load balancing scheduling algorithm has been proposed to solve the problems of static algorithms, but we find that there are some drawbacks in actual use. In this paper, we suggest an improved dynamic load balancing model that overcomes the limits or drawbacks of the simple dynamic algorithm. In the suggested model, negative feedback and exponential smoothing estimation methods have been used to improve the load balancing effect. Besides, service response time has been used to adjust the weight variation to achieve better effect. The suggested model is implemented in our dynamic load balancing algorithm. Experiments show that, our algorithm can achieve better performance than the existing static and dynamic algorithms. Keywords-load balancing; dynamic algorithm; negative feedback; exponential smoothing estimation; throughput


In this paper, Tongliao power plant 4 sets of 200 MW unit high pressure main stop valve pre opening and cause valve jam has carried on the detailed analysis, and put forward specific improvement measures, to ensure crew safety, stable operation, reliable basis is provided.


The Persian Gulf is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. An extension of the Indian Ocean (Gulf of Oman) through the Strait of Hormuz, it lies between Iran to the northeast and the Arabian Peninsula to the southwest. The studied Sequence is related to Neyriz, Surmeh and Hith Formations. Neyriz Formation has a thickness of 12 meters consists of Limestone, the samples of this formation are without microfossils, based on Lithostratigraphy situation belong to Early Jurassic. Surmeh Formation is the oldest Formation of Khami Group. In this study, The Surmeh Formation in the studied well is located on Neyriz Formation and under Hith Formation with paraconformity. This formation has a thickness of 687 meters and consists of limestone, dolomite, shale and anhydrite. In this study by an analysis of 1400 samples and based on paleontological studies 5 biozonation include of Lithiotis Range zone, Pfenderina Range zone, Trocholina zone, Kurnubia jurassica Interval zone, Clypeina jurassica, have been determined. Early to Late Jurassic age of Surmeh Formation is based on identificated genera, species and biozones. Hith Formation has a thickness of 90 meters consists of Anhydrite , so we don't find any microfossils in this formation and based on Lithostratigraphy situation belong to Late Jurassic. Palaeotemperature calculation, based on the heaviest oxygen isotope value in the upper Surmeh Formation shows that ambient water temperature was around 23.8 oC during the deposition of this formation.


Research have been done based on KSP management and KSP performance. Problem loan increased in some KSP. The study proposed to further explore why this condition happened by analysis relationship between performance loan management, liquidity and funding. Research result presents liquidity rate of entity 68,81% as expected, funding rate 64,23% as expected and Loan management rate of the entity is 65,05% as expected. Result of result also present that the rate of three variables still under value as expected (more than 80%) thatswhy still need to be improve. Correlation rate between liquidity and loan management is 0,212, determination coefficient is 0,0449 or giving impact more or less than 4,49%. There is no correlation between Funding and loan management (rate is -0,0276). T-calculate is less than T-table. Correlation rate between liquidity, funding and loan management simultaneously is 0,093. This shows that liquidity factor together with funding factor giving impact to loan management more significant than partially. Impact of the two variables is 9,3%. As a result, to increase loan management rate will be more effective if increasing liquidity rate and funding rate to be implemented together other than partially instead.


ABSTRACT The collapse of piled foundations in liquefiable soil has been observed in the majority of recent strong earthquakes. This paper critically reviews the current understanding of pile failure in liquefiable deposits, making reference to modern design codes such as JRA (1996), and taking the well-documented failure of the Showa Bridge in the 1964 Niigata earthquake as an example of what must be avoided. It is shown that the current understanding cannot explain some observations of pile failure. The current method of pile design under earthquake loading is based on a lateral loading mechanism where inertia and drag due to slope movement (lateral spreading) induce bending in the pile, and where axial load effects are ignored. It is demonstrated here, however, that axial loads can be a dominant factor in collapse due to seismic liquefaction, due to the progressive onset of pile buckling when lateral soil resistance is removed. Additional design considerations based on the avoidance of buckling effects are formulated after back analysing fifteen case histories of pile foundation performance during past earthquakes, and verified using dynamic centrifuge modelling. Some practical implications of the omission of axial loads from previous design verifications are highlighted.


This article integrates typically separate SME research on e-commerce, business networking, and knowledge management into a model explaining factors influencing the willingness of SME owner-managers to share knowledge online in business networks in rural districts. This is important because e-commerce can assist owner-managers, often dispersed in rural districts, to share knowledge between face-to-face networking events. The main factors associated with willingness to share knowledge online were their willingness to share knowledge face-to-face and their intensity of Internet use. Entrepreneurial factors such as owner-managers' expectations of rapid growth, trading outside the district, and seeking information about customers/competitors were indirectly associated with online sharing via intensity of Internet use only. The model suggests network coordinators could encourage online knowledge sharing by assisting owner-managers to see the business value of e-commerce and by ensuring that networking events are suitable for owner-managers, whether or not they have entrepreneurial goals, to facilitate face-to-face knowledge sharing.