Abstract. The digital micromirror device (DMD) is an array of tilting micromirrors, capable of high frame rates that are made possible by rapid changes of angular state. The rapid angular change of the mirrors is used to sweep an optical signal across a camera sensor, resulting in a version of a streak camera, capable of temporal dispersion of an optical signal. Using a single pixel or single line of pixels can produce a continuous temporal track, whereas a two-dimensional array of mirrors scans an intensity envelope across discrete diffraction orders. Temporal resolutions of 10nS have been achieved and used to measure laser pulse widths. Combining with a diffraction grating oriented orthogonally to the temporal dispersion enables temporal and spectral dispersion to be obtained simultaneously.


The situational room is a virtual and matrix space of convergences that combine different knowledge to identify and study health situations, analysis of factors that determine them, viable and feasible solutions according to the local context, monitoring and evaluation of results. It is the construction of a sociodemographic space, health - disease, development strategies and prevention of social determinants of health, many times there is no clarity in its objectives and the importance of this instrument for institutional management political negotiation, Identification of needs, resource mobilization, monitoring and evaluation of health interventions for local health development. Objective: To analyze the Situational Room as a strategy for institutional management in the decision making of health interventions, through the bibliographic review. Results: The situation room has updated information systems, statistical data related to the demography, geography, health process of the population, which allows to have a contextual information base for decision making, important in health management . The usefulness of the situational room in health decision making is related to the articulation of social actors immersed in the health problem - the population's illness in such a way that it can visualize strategies for its intervention and jointly choose the most effective strategy , Effective and efficient with high impact results for the population.


Congeiiital cerebellar defects have always been sufficiently rare to warraiit further study. Even nio1-e unusual are the instances in which the defect is discovered long enough before death to permit adequate examination of the muscular activity, reflex responses and other neurological signs which may be related to cerebellar functions. The present report deals with two dogs (litter mates) which were recognized as defective very soon after birth.2 I t includes an account of their behavior and reflex patterns at various intervals up to the time of their death a t the ages of 20 months and 5 days, and 9 months and 10 days, respectively, together with a general description of the gross structure of the entire brain in each case, supplemented by study of serial microscopic sections through the entire cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata in one case, arid histological study of the cerebellum and related parts in the other. No attempt will be made to consider all reported cases of partial or complete cerebellar agenesis. Fo r reviews of the earlier cases described, the reader is referred to the publications of Warrington and hfonsarrat ('02) and Vogt and Astwazaturow ( '12). More recent reports of cerebellar agenesis


Feng (Ballads) and Ya (Dynastic Hymns) and Song (Sacrificial Songs), three integral parts of Shi Jing (Book of Songs), show different literary styles in terms of the images, the expression of bi (metaphor) and xing (association), and the linguistic value, resulting in a pyramidal paradigm characterized by progressive downgrading of exploitation of literary schemes from Feng to Song. The reasons of this organization are source of poems, different social status and motivations of authors, and different targeted readers.


H uman relationships are complex, and the relationship between patient and physician is no exception. In different ways, two articles in this issue of the Journal address the nature and consequences of interpersonal expectations and social norms. In the first article, Farber et al. explore physicians' experience and response to boundary violations by patients. 1 Professional boundaries constitute a particular type of social norm with legal and fiduciary ramifications. In the second article, Schmittdiel et al. examine the effect of physician gender on patient selection of physicians and satisfaction with care. 2 The results of this study also touch on expectations of normative social behavior. Farber et al. have reported the frequency and physician response to nine patient boundary violations: use of the physician's first name, personal questions, social invitations, expensive gifts, overt affection, sexually explicit language, verbal abuse, sexual contact, and physical abuse. The most serious offenses were rarely encountered; other patient behaviors were common. Physicians generally responded to serious offenses by making a note in the chart and occasionally by dismissing the patient from care. Responses to the other patient behaviors were varied. One third of physicians responded to personal questions with anger, while almost two thirds expressed annoyance at the use of their first name. To understand this pattern of response, we wondered, what is the nature and purpose of professional boundaries? Professional boundaries have been defined as "parameters that describe the limits of a fiduciary relationship in which one person (a patient) entrusts his or her welfare to another (a physician), to whom a fee is paid for the provision of a service." 3 Boundaries are important in relationships in which one party has greater potential (perceived or real) power and acts to protect the vulnerable participant from exploitation. Indeed, protection of patients from abuses of power has raised the principal of autonomy to so vaulted a place in our society that it has become the guiding value in modern bioethics and medical law. 4


The results of computer simulation of hydrodynamic flow were presented using the FlowVision software package (Moscow, Russian Federation). This program has enabled creation of hydrodynamic flow models using three types of mixers: a mixer with the proposed diaphragm of special design, a pipe mixer and an orifice mixer. The complete information on behavior of the processes was obtained taking into account design and technological parameters of the abovementioned types of mixers. Computer simulation of flow in mixers of various types made it possible to substantially shorten time for conducting studies and confirm the results of field experiments presented earlier by the authors [11]. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained in the computer simulation of motion of the flow of waste water with the reagent solution, the following can be distinguished: when using different types of mixers, the best results of intensive flow mixing were obtained by using a mixer with a diaphragm of a special design and an orifice mixer. It is evidenced by the diagrams of distribution of pressure and velocities in these mixers. However, when using an orifice mixer, one can notice intensive mixing only at the center of the flow, and zones were noticeable at the walls of the pipeline in which there was practically no vortex formation and mixing respectively. In the pipe mixer, only a small region could be noticed in an immediate vicinity of the point of injection of the coagulant solution. Pressure and velocity vary in this region but these parameters change insignificantly in the main flow. The obtained hydrodynamic models indicate that the proposed diaphragm of a special design provides more efficient mixing of wastewater with the reagent. Models for pipe and orifice mixers have shown worse results. The proposed diaphragm enabled mixing of wastewater with the reagent as fully and quickly as possible.


The article presents the experience of teaching robotics to the children of preschool and primary school age. The author's educational program "Play Well" allows integrate children into the practices of designing, planning and programming through the "immersion" into the context of individual and group activities aimed to create models of robots. Educational results fit into a formula: from action to thought, from the situation to the context of modern Russian life.


For such a young man, William Henry "Lebbie" Lebkicher (Company D, 122nd Regiment PA Volunteers) appears in his Civil War Era letters as a keen observer of society. Curiously, he rarely spoke of the larger war or even his friends from the regiment. The few people he alluded to are family members or family friends, mostly in discussion of their well-being. The letters are more a collection of observations on his experiences than a series of back-and-forth conversations with his father. His thoughts are insightful and fairly objective. [excerpt]


No clinical studies to date have compared the airway luminal area between supine and standing positions. Our aim was therefore to compare the airway luminal area between these two positions on computed tomography (CT) and to determine its correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Thirty‐two asymptomatic volunteers underwent both conventional (supine position) and upright (standing position) CT during deep inspiration breath‐holding. Pulmonary function tests were conducted on the same day. We measured the airway luminal area on CT in each position. Paired t‐tests and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used for statistical analysis. The average luminal areas of the trachea, right and left main bronchi, and average third‐generation airway were greater in the standing than the supine position by 3.4%, 6.1%, 5.5%, and 5.2%, respectively. The correlation coefficients between airway luminal areas and FEV1 tended to be higher in the standing than the supine position; this correlation was highest for the average third‐generation airway (r = 0.70, P < 0.0001). The airway luminal areas of the trachea, bilateral main bronchi, and average third‐generation airway were greater in the standing than the supine position. The average third‐generation airway area in the standing position had the highest correlation with FEV1.


Aim The objective of this study was to seek decision-making insights on the provider level to gain understanding of the values that shape how providers deliver preventive health in the primary care setting. Background The primary care clinic is a core site for preventive health delivery. While many studies have identified barriers to preventive health, less is known regarding how primary care providers (PCPs) make preventive health decisions such as what services to provide, under what circumstances, and why they might choose one over another. Methods Qualitative methods were chosen to deeply explore these issues. We conducted semi-structured, one-on-one interviews with 21 PCPs at clinics affiliated with an academic medical center. Interviews with providers were recorded and transcribed. We conducted a qualitative analysis to identify themes and develop a theoretical framework using Grounded Theory methods. Findings The following themes were revealed: longitudinal care with an established PCP–patient relationship is perceived as integral to preventive health; conflict and doubt accompany non-preventive visits; PCPs defer preventive health for pragmatic reasons; when preventive health is addressed, providers use multiple contextual factors to decide which interventions are discussed; and PCPs desired team-based preventive health delivery, but wish to maintain their role when shared decision-making is required. We present a conceptual framework called Pragmatic Deferral.


Abstract Small scale irrigation has multi-dimensional effects on the livelihood development of the rural people in Ethiopia. Thus, the main objective of this study was to examine the impact of small-scale irrigation on farmers' livelihood. A stratified random sampling technique was applied to select 96 users and 162 non-user sample respondents. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an econometric model. Binary logit and Endogenous switching regressions model were employed to identify the determinant of small-scale irrigation participation and its impact on farmers' livelihood respectively. The Binary logit model result indicates that age and age square of the household, own cultivated land, off-farm job participation, extension contact, distance from homestead to a nearly local market, distance from home to the scheme, and having irrigation user neighbor are significant factors affect farmers' decision to practice irrigation. To capture the impact of irrigation on farmers' livelihood, the total income of the household was used in the endogenous switching regression model. The model result shows that the positive and significant impact of irrigation schemes had increased users' total income by 7829 ETB (8.5%), as compared to non-users. This shows how significant the role of a small-scale irrigation scheme in improving the livelihood condition of farmers in the study area. The finding of this study shows that improving access to market and water for irrigation, provision of extension, and other complementary services would increase the participation of irrigation and improve livelihood.


ABSTRACT The Effectt of Vermicompost Dose on Mustard Plant ( Brassica juncea L. ) Result, Some Characteristics of Chemistry and Biological Inceptisol Soil Klungkung This study was carried out on Inceptisol soil in Timuhun village Banjarangkan District, Klungkung and Soil Laboratory of Agroecotechnology Departemen / Studi Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University on March until April 2014. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vermicompost dose on Mustard Plant product, some chemical, biological soil, characteristics and determine the best dose vermicompost. The study design was a Randomized Group Design. The treatments used are organic vermicompost consisting of 9 levels i.e. O 0 : Control; O 1 : 2,5 ton ha -1 ; O 2 : 5,0 ton ha -1 ; O 3 : 7,5 ton ha -1 ; O 4 : 10,0 ton ha -1 ; O 5 : 12,5 ton ha -1 ; O 6 : 15,0 ton ha -1 ; O 7 : 17,5 ton ha -1 ; O 8 : 20,0 ton ha -1 . Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that required 27 experimental plots. The observation result of mustard plants made by counting the number of plants leaves, measuring fresh plot and dry plot weight. Analysis of chemical characteristic is done by calculating the total-N soil, available P, organic C, and soil pH. Analysis of the biological characteristics of the soil is done by calculating the population of microorganism. The results showed that vermicompost heavily influence the mustard plant product, chemical and biological soil characteristics. Vermicompost dose could increase the number of leaves 1.33%; 8.79% of plot fresh weight 8.35% plot dry weight; 1,41% of total-N soil; 5.56% available-P soil; 3,11% C-organic soil; 0,07% soil pH and 12,89 total population of soil microorganisms. Keywords : mustard plants, vermicompost.


We introduce a finitely presented prop $\mathcal{S} = \{\mathcal{S}(n,m)\}$ in the category of differential graded modules whose associated operad $U(\mathcal{S})=\{\mathcal{S}(1,m)\}$ is a model for the $E_\infty$-operad. This finite presentation allows us to describe a natural $E_\infty$-coalgebra structure on the chains of any simplicial set in terms of only three maps: the Alexander-Whitney diagonal, the augmentation map, and an algebraic version of the join of simplices. The first appendix connects our construction to the Surjection operad of McClure-Smith and Berger-Fresse. The second establishes a duality between the join and AW maps for augmented and non-augmented simplicial sets. A follow up paper constructs a prop corresponding to $\mathcal{S}$ in the category of $CW$-complexes.


Borrowing word is an inevitable linguistic phenomenon in communication between different cultures.Transliteration,free translation,the combination of the above two,and alphabetic words are the chief ways to borrow foreign words.Translating and using loan words are controlled by a nation′s psychology.This paper aims at the ways of Chinese borrowing words from English, its fields concerned,and the deep psychology contained in it,which is of significance for us to learn other nation′s culture and to promote the communication between China and Western countries.


Abstract Data from networks of lightning sensors operated during 1986–89 were employed to perform climatic assessments of cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes, and of the relationship between CG flashes and thunder events, as reported at 62 first-order stations. The average annual CG flash pattern resembles the nation's thunderstorm pattern, with lightning being most frequent at points in the southeast United States (>18 000 flashes in Florida) and least frequent at West Cost stations (< 100 flashes). Flashes in the intermontane area are relatively less than thunderstorms, and greater than 50% of all thunder events there are due to intracloud lightning. An anomalous high in CG frequencies exists from Virginia to New York. Cluster analysis identified ten regions of similar storm activity with several reflecting localized influence (Great Lakes, Florida, the Piedmont, and Arizona). Thunder events provide poor estimates of CG lightning incidence and durations. Cloud-to-ground flash data reveal that 20% (far West) an...


EARLY CHILDHOOD PROFESSIONALS HAVE different opinions about intentionally teaching mathematics to young children. Not only is the appropriateness of teaching mathematical concepts to children in early childhood settings contested but what to teach is subject to debate. A review of the literature, however, demonstrates that children are better equipped for success if they master basic mathematical concepts before entering formal education, and that these skills can be developed in play-based activities, where teachers actively engage in maths talk. This paper argues for the purposeful integration of mathematics teaching and learning in early childhood education curricula, and the need for early childhood educators to have sound pedagogical content knowledge and clear learning objectives in order to support and extend children's emerging understanding of mathematical concepts.


Ovipositional preference, fecundity, and development of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) were studied under laboratory conditions on tomatoes, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Walter; American black nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill.; common beggartick, Bidens alba (L.) DC.; and downy groundcherry, Physalis pubescens L. Tomato-reared L. trifolii were studied on all four hosts, and nightshade- and beggar-tick-reared L. trifolii were studied on tomatoes. L. trifolii reared from tomatoes and beggar-tick preferred tomatoes and nightshade for oviposition, whereas females reared from nightshade preferred nightshade. Fecundity of females reared from tomatoes was significantly greater on foliage of tomatoes and nightshade than on foliage of beggar-tick and groundcherry. L. trifolii reared from nightshade were more fecund on tomato foliage than females reared from beggar-tick. Larval and pupal development times in tomato foliage were similar regardless of the origin of the females. Development for larvae that hatched from eggs laid by tomato-reared females was significantly shorter in foliage of nightshade and tomatoes.


Title: Compressible Fluid Flow through Narrow Channels The turbulence transition in pipe and channel ow represents up to now an important topic, since it is the nature of the ow, which substantially a ects the friction and associated losses. With increasing miniaturization and more detailed numerical simulations of the various small ow parts of the turbomachines, the need for experimental data to explore the narrow channel ow phenomena and to validate numerical codes is still there. This thesis presents the results of the project which aimed to experimentally and numerically explore the compressible viscous ow in narrow channels of the rectangular cross-section of the high aspect ratio. Main objectives of this work were to explore the nature of the ow in such channels using a number of experimental methods including hotlm probe, explore the in uence of two types of surface roughness and discuss the e ects associated with the phenomenon of aerodynamic choking due to friction. Apart from the narrow channel measurements, the thesis contains also the detailed description of the calibration process of the hotlm probe and accompanying numerical study. It was observed that despite the channel length to channel height ratio ranging from 50 to 200, the ow was mostly transitional except the ow in the smallest channel of the height h = 0:5mm. The e ects of the surface roughness were explored using both qualitative and quantitative measurements by means of hotlm probe. The later provided distribution of the wall shear stress at ve locations along the channel for two chosen regimes. Further, the analysis revealed inapplicability of the one-dimensional theory for the estimation of the friction factor. The theoretical analysis of the ow choking supported by numerical simulations shows that due to frictional losses, the actual choking is shifted towards the lower back pressure ratios. These ndings were summarized in charts, which comprehensively illustrate derived relations.


The surface of carbonyl iron (CI) microspheres was modified with graphene oxide (GO) as a coating material using 4-aminobenzoic acid as the grafting agent. The morphology, elemental composition, and magnetic properties of the GO-coated CI (GO/CI) particles were examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry, respectively, confirming their composite formation. The magnetorheological (MR) performance of the GO/CI particle-based suspension was examined using a rotational rheometer connected to a magnetic field supply. The GO/CI particles suspension exhibited typical MR properties with increasing shear stress and viscosity depending on the applied magnetic field strength.


Growth effects in a sub-alpine, low-yield Norway spruce forest in southeast Norway are reported. Sixteen sample plots of 400 m2, established 8-9 years after a mountain forest selective (MFS) cutting in the mid-1970s, were re-investigated in 2000. The selective cutting was heavy, with a mean felling volume of 72 per cent of the standing volume. Most trees in the remaining stands responded positively with increased growth after the cutting, and this was most pronounced in small and medium sized trees. A weak relationship between standing volume before and after felling, and the actual stand volume increment in the 25-year period was revealed. The felling has stimulated natural regeneration and increased the proportion of birch. The results indicate that not more than approximately 65 per cent of the standing volume should be cut in a single intervention if cutting cycle is less than 50 years.


This study aims to determine the relationship between regulatory understanding, asset management, asset knowledge, internal control standards (SPI) and apparatus behavior on the optimization of regional assets in the Aceh Province SKPA. The population in this study were SKPK/ SKPA with 4 fields/sub-fields and 2 employees in the asset sector. The analysis method used is qualitative and the results of the research show that understanding of regulations, asset management, asset knowledge, internal control standards (SPI) and apparatus behavior has a positive impact on the optimization of regional assets of the Aceh Government.


We have developed a new CD measurement method for a chromium pattern on a photomask. Using the scanning confocal laser microscope, we can not only measure CD of a chromium pattern, but also predict width of the chromium pattern tail. Using a scanning confocal laser microscope, we can obtain a reflective intensity profile. We can observe the minima in the profile of a chromium pattern. The position of the minimum almost corresponds to the pattern edge, in spite of a little offset. As a result of our analysis, there is a correlation between the offset and the chromium tail width, and the correlation depends on wavelength of a laser. Using two profiles with two wavelengths, we can obtain the chromium bottom width and the chromium tail width by two equations. By comparing the results of our method and the result of cross-sectional SEM observation, we have confirmed they are god agreement.


. The present paper gives a unified treatment of the local theory of NFDEs with infinite delay on a class of comparatively comprehensive phase spaces which contain admissible phase spaces and BC space as special cases. Condi tions and assumptions are imposed on two functionals defining the equation, and therefore independent of the structure and properties of phase spaces. This al lows us to determine phase spaces and sufficient conditions guaranteeing existence and uniqueness of solutions according to the property of the equation at hand as opposed to preassign a phase space to dictate the conditions. An example will be given to show how to choose the phase space according to the fading memory characteristic of Volterra integrodifferential equations so that the Cauchy initial value problem is well posed.


Individuals vary widely in their response to drug treatment. After receiving doses of a drug that are recommended based on a population average, some patients could have an insufficient response, whereas others may experience adverse effects. Of the many factors causing variability in drug response across individuals, genetic polymorphism of drug-metabolizing enzymes is deemed to be one of the valuable independent predictors of this variability. CYP2C19 is an important polymorphically expressed enzyme known to catalyze the metabolism of several widely prescribed drugs, including omeprazole, warfarin (R-enantiomer), and citalopram/escitalopram. The impact of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of its substrates and corresponding clinical relevance are of great interest.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the influence of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on PK and pharmacodynamics (PD) of clinically important CYP2C19 substrates (e.g., omeprazole, citalopram, and warfarin), and to advance the understanding of their inter-individual variability in drug therapy. We quantified the effect of functional CYP2C19 allele variants, including the gain-of- function allele (CYP2C19*17), on drug exposure and response in order to facilitate personalized dose selection.

In Paper I, we studied the disposition of omeprazole and its effect on plasma gastrin levels following single and multiple doses in the three phenotype groups (extensive metabolisers [EMs], intermediate metabolisers [IMs], and poor metabolisers [PMs]) of S- mephenytoin hydroxylation. When 20 mg of omeprazole was given orally for 8 days on a once-daily (QD) regimen, the relative AUC ratios in EMs, IMs, and PMs were 1:5.3:13.1. Differences in the plasma gastrin levels (used as a PD marker) were also significant between the three groups and the increase was in an omeprazole-concentration-dependent fashion. Suitability of omeprazole as a probe for CYP2C19 was also explored. The metabolic ratio (MR) of omeprazole was correlated significantly with S/R ratio of mephenytoin.

Paper II further studied the use of omeprazole as a probe for CYP2C19 activity in a population of 160 unrelated Swedish subjects. There was a close correlation between MRs of omeprazole and S/R ratios of mephenytoin. A good agreement was also demonstrated between the CYP2C19 phenotypes (both by omeprazole and mephenytoin) and the genotype with respect to CYP2C19*2, indicating that genotype is a valid predictor of CYP2C19 activity. Since omeprazole is a substrate for both CYP2C19 and CYP3A4, the potential advantage also includes using it as a dual-substrate probe.

In Paper III, we used omeprazole as a dual substrate probe to assess the potential for PK interactions between carbamazepine (CBZ) and omeprazole and, particularly, the inducibility of CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 by CBZ. Both omeprazole and hydroxyomeprazole decreased by approximately 40% in mean AUC after coadministration of omeprazole with CBZ, while the sulphone metabolite increased by 44%. None of the AUC changes were statistically significant due to the large variation and small sample size. A significant decrease in the AUC ratio between hydroxyomeprazole and sulphone metabolite was observed, suggesting induction was more pronounced for CYP3A4 than for CYP2C19.

The potential contribution of the CYP2C19 genotypes on R-warfarin clearance with special focus on the gain-of-function allele (CYP2C19*17) was the primary objective for Paper IV. Compared to CYP2C19*2 carriers, the mean R-warfarin clearance increased by 32% in CYP2C19*17 carriers, 26% in the CYP2C19*2/*17 genotype, and 11% in CYP2C19*1/*1 genotype. CYP2C19 genotypes also contributed to the variability of INR/daily dose where VKORC1 (Vitamin K epoxide reductase subcomplex 1) and CYP2C9 genotypes are the major determinants in warfarin treatment. About 52% of variance can be explained by the combinations of VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, age, gender, and bodyweight, of which CYP2C19 genotypes accounted for 7%.

Paper V pooled data from16 published studies to quantify the effect of functional CYP2C19 allele variants on citalopram/escitalopram exposure by means of meta-analysis. Compared to subjects with EM/EM (*1/*1) genotype, the exposure to (es)citalopram increased by 95% in the PM/PM (*2/*2, *2/*3, or *3/*3), 30% in the EM/PM (*1/*2 or *1/*3), and 25% in the UM (ultrarapid metaboliser)/PM (*17/*2 or *17/*3) groups. In contrast, the exposure to (es)citalopram decreased by 36% in the UM/UM (*17/*17) and by 14% in the UM/EM (*17/*1) groups. All functional CYP2C19 genotypes showed significant effects on citalopram/escitalopram exposure compared to the CYP2C19*1/*1 genotype.

In conclusion, there are significant effects of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on PK and PD of drugs that are metabolized by the CYP2C19 enzyme. The results of this thesis demonstrate that CYP2C19 genotype is an important independent predictor of the exposure to omeprazole, R-warfarin, and citalopram/escitalopram. Increased knowledge and understanding of inter-individual variability, genotype-phenotype correlation, and the impact of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on clinical practice are helpful in optimizing personalized drug therapy.


Experimental Techniques for the Study of Liquid Monopropellant Combustion. (May 2012) William Charles Warren, B.S., The University of Alabama Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Eric L. Petersen Propellants based on hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) have shown promise as a hydrazine replacement because of their comparably low toxicity, low vapor pressure, high specific impulse and high density. Herein, the recent history of advanced monopropellant research is explored, and new experimental techniques are presented to investigate the combustion behavior of a potential hydrazine replacement propellant. Nitromethane, a widely available monopropellant with a recent resurgence in research, is utilized in the current study as a proof of concept for the newly designed equipment and as a step towards investigating more-advanced, HAN-based monopropellants. A strand bomb facility capable of supporting testing at up to 340 atm was employed, and experiments were performed between 28 atm and 130 atm. Burning rate data for nitromethane are calculated from experiments and a power correlation is established as r (mm/s) = 0.33[P(MPa)] A comparison with available literature reveals this correlation to be very much in agreement to other studies of nitromethane. Other physical characteristics of


The article proposes a method for calculating air resistance of a dense layer of natural solid fuel in order to forecast the drying installation size while taking into account the moisture phase change from liquid to steam and duration of drying process of various height layers with boiler unit's exhaust gases. An algorithm is presented and temperature patterns of material and gas in ventilated moving dense coal layer is calculated considering air resistance of a dense layer when velocity of gas passing through the layers changes.


Treatises of the past decade, 209. — Economic history has been studied by periods, 213. — The genetic point of view, 214. — The content of economic history, 217. — Need of a synthesis of development, 218. — Dependence of economic history on history and economics, 220. — Conclusion, 224.


Objective: High blood pressure is one of the primary risk factor for heart disease,stroke and chronic kidney disease and the leading cause of death worldwide. About 20% of adult populations are hypertensive in Bangladesh. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potential marker of endothelial dysfunction has been shown to be elevated in hypertensive subjects. No study yet has investigated the circulatory level of ET-1 and hypertension in a country from South Asia. As racial differences exist in plasma level of ET-1, more research addressing the association between ET-1 and hypertension among other races needs to be investigated. As such, the present study assessed circulating levels of ET-1 in subjects with or without hypertension and further examined the association of ET-1 with clinical and metabolic parameters. Methods: A total of 2052 rural Bangladeshi women with mean age of 44.46years were studied using a cross-sectional survey. Multiple regressions were used to examinethe association between circulatory ET-1 level and hypertension. Results: The prevalence of hypertensionwas30.3%. ET-1 levels were significantly higher in hypertensive (mean 3.08 pg/ml, SE ± 0.19) than non-hypertensive subjects (mean 2.01 pg/ml, SE ± 0.30) (p = <0.001). In univariateanalysis after adjusting for age, ET-1 had significant positive associations with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = <0.001), fasting blood glucose (p = 0.002), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p = 0.001)and a negative significant association with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (p = 0.030). Unlike blood pressures, other variables including, triglycerides, body mass index, and waist circumference were not associated with ET-1. In multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for age, ET-1 had significant positive associations with fasting blood glucose (p = 0.012) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p = 0.05)only. When we performed multiple logistic regression analysis considering hypertension status as dependent variable, hypertensive had significant positive associations with age (p = 0.015), waist circumference (p = <0.001), fasting blood glucose (p = 0.009), triglyceride (p = 0.001) and endothelin-1 (0.026). In tertile analysis, subjects with hypertension significantly increase as levels of ET-1 increase (P for trend = 0.02). Conclusions: Thus the present study demonstrates that there is higher concentration of ET-1 among hypertensive subjects of apparently healthy population in Bangladeshi rural women who did not know they were hypertensive. The relation of ET-1 and hypertension needs further investigations to define the clinical utility and predictive value of serum ET-1 levels in hypertension for South Asian population.


A method for producing an aesthetic lighting effects in art installations, particularly in an auditorium in which a diffuser (2) or more combined to form an ensemble of scattering bodies (1) of one or more light sources (3) are illuminated and the scattered light (5) in a darkened auditorium spread, characterized in that as the scattering bodies (2) pieces of melt-engineered and broken alkali silicates ( "water glass") may be used.


Placental chorioangioma constitutes major importance in perinatology practice, as being the most common type of placental tumors, and having the potential of devastating perinatal outcomes. In this review, we report the symptoms, diagnostic findings and recent temporary and definitive treatment choices in patients with chorioangioma.


Abstract. Interregion contrast is crucial for image segmentation, but it has not been explicitly incorporated into popular region-based active contour models, such as Chan–Vese model and region-scalable fitting model. We integrate the interregion contrast into the active contour model in a level set formulation. The major contribution of this paper is weighting the interregion contrast by a labeling function to define a difference energy. The labeling function controls the integration region of the difference energy. It enables the proposed method to be applicable to images with intensity inhomogeneity, since the high contrast between local regions on the two sides of the object boundary. Moreover, the major part of the data term can be computed out of iterations with the labeling function, which reduces much computation time. The integration of global and local contrast into the energy functional also accelerates the curve propagation. Experiments and comparisons conducted on synthetic and real images demonstrate both accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.


Commercial banks in Uganda have been realised to be continuously increasing in number of branches, sizes and operational activities in the last two decades. This increment has attracted high operational costs related to purchase and maintenance of IT infrastructure and even requiring larger spaces to accommodate them, which is always accompanied by poor data storage and management. Cloud computing is identified as the best and latest solution to curb the problems in commercial banks, if adopted. Cloud computing has the capacity to store and manage data on virtualized servers so that, applications, individuals and organizations around the world can have the ability to connect to data and computing resources anywhere and anytime which improves the reliability since the data and application are stored and backed up on a number of computers which reduces the chance of data and application loss. This paper aimed at studying the benefits of cloud computing to commercial institutions and how the services can be adopted by the institutions of Uganda so as to successfully overcome the continuous expanding challenges that are always


Control device for a continuously variable adjustable transmission, which is provided in a vehicle, the continuously variable transmission has a drive pulley the groove width is changed by means of an actuator, whose groove width is changed by means of an actuator, a driven pulley, and a belt to the drive pulley and the driven pulley is wound, the diameter of the belt loop on the drive pulley and the diameter of the belt loop are einstellbar to the driven pulley to change the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission, said control apparatus being characterized in that it comprises: means for detecting a physical quantity that corresponds to a speed of the vehicle; a determining means for determining on the basis of a state of the vehicle, whether predetermined conditions have an influence on the Zuruckfuhrbarkeit of a belt of the continuously variable transmission, are satisfied; and control means for, when the vehicle runs on an uphill road, performing a first shift control mode ...


Saraca indica, a folk medicinal plant of India and recognized for its important medicinal value in Ayurveda. In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the antioxidant activity of methanol, chloroform and petroleum ether extract of Saraca indica leaves using several in vitro and ex vivo models. Total flavanoid and phenolic content of the extracts were also determined. All extracts produced antioxidant activity in concentration dependent manner. Methanol extracts produced highest in vitro antioxidant activity and possess higher amount of total phenolic (14.7 µg gallic acid equivalent/mg) and total flavonoid content (25.1 µg quercetin equivalent/mg). Methanol and chloroform extract showed a higher inhibition of lipid peroxidation than the standard drug rutin. Methanol extract produced better inhibition of oxidative erythrocyte haemolysis than ascorbic acid, while chloroform extracts produced similar effect like that of ascorbic acid. Results indicated that petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol extract of Saraca indica leaf possess potent antioxidant property. Presence of phenolic, flavanoid content may responsible for the antioxidant activity.


Upon receiving the diagnosis of an incurable disease and experiencing the threat or reality of losses inherent to this new condition, patients and their families experience a crisis, going through certain phases or psychological states to which the health professional must be alert in order to guide them and meet their needs. With the currently increasing demand and supply of palliative care, this study aims to present a brief review of Brazilian and foreign literature regarding communication in the transition from curative care to palliative care in oncology. A bibliographical survey was conducted and articles were analyzed from the SciELO and Medline databases from 2006 to 2013, using the keywords: Palliative care and Breaking bad news. In total, thirty-two studies deemed relevant to the topic were found and included. Of those, twenty-four were used and subdivided into the following categories: communication skills training, workshops, studies on the quality of communication, and protocols for communication in palliative care.


The unitary Cayley–Klein groups are defined as the groups that are obtained by the contractions and analytical continuations of the special unitary groups. The Jordan–Schwinger representations of the groups under consideration are discussed based on the mixed sets of creation and annihilation operators of boson or fermion type. The matrix elements of finite group transformations are obtained in the bases of coherent states.


Aims The attenuation coefficient of the material depends on the three major factors: the thickness of the specimen, its density and the atomic number of the substance. As far as building materials are concerned, they are usually a complex mixture of substances, thus the attenuation is particularly influenced by the average of the atomic numbers of all the atoms involved. If there is a noticeable difference in densities or atomic numbers of components of the investigated material, then its internal structure can be visualized on a radiograph. Meanwhile, if the components of the material have similar densities or average atomic numbers, then it is difficult to distinguish them on the microCT image. This paper presents the results of the study on the imaging technics for cement based composites (concrete) using microCT. Considered composite materials consist of hydrated cement and aggregate. The aggregate used in the analysis is either sand or sand and glass balls. The differences in densities of the components are almost negligible (Tab. 1).


This month new anti-smoking legislation takes effect in Wales, preventing people from smoking in any public building. Of course, many public buildings have had smoking bans for several years now. Small groups of smokers huddled together in all weather conditions outside work areas have become a familiar sight.


FIELD: television, TV and computer games, simulators, etc. SUBSTANCE: device has matrix light source, lens raster and data matrix mechanically interconnected and optically intercoupled and coupled with viewer's pupils. They are placed in relatively parallel planes perpendicular to axis crossing their centers of symmetry. Device also has control unit for light-source and data matrices; distance between matrix light source and lens raster equals focal length of raster lenses. Novelty is that data matrix is placed between matrix light source and lens raster and made in the form of cells, their number being less than or equal to that of raster lenses. EFFECT: enlarged size of three-dimensional image, extended range of possible viewer's positions. 3 cl, 3 dwg


Let 0 < p < 1 be fixed and denote by G a random graph with point set , the set of natural numbers, such that each edge occurs with probability p, independently of all other edges. In other words the random variables eij, 1 ≤ i < j, defined by are independent r.v.'s with P(eij = 1) = p, P(eij = 0) = 1 − p. Denote by Gn the subgraph of G spanned by the points 1, 2, …, n. These random graphs G, Gn will be investigated throughout the note. As in (1), denote by Kr a complete graph with r points and denote by kr(H) the number of Kr's in a graph H. A maximal complete subgraph is called a clique. In (1) one of us estimated the minimum of kr(H) provided H has n points and m edges. In this note we shall look at the random variables the number of Kr's in Gn, and the maximal size of a clique in Gn.


ABSTRACT – Aphasia following metrizamide myelography has been reported infrequently. During a seven‐month period, we examined two patients who developed Broca's aphasia, apraxia of speech, oral‐buccal‐facial apraxia and neurogenic stuttering after intrathecal metrizamide administration. In each case, focal neurologic deficits were accompanied by clinical, electroencephalographic and radiologic signs of generalized neurologic disease. Serial speech and language evaluations initially revealed severe deficits that were largely resolved by the third day post‐myelography. Out‐patient follow‐up examinations demonstrated persistence of mild speech and language abnormalities in each case. Our findings suggest that metrizamide may cause longlasting neurologic dysfunction.


Kawasaki disease is the second most common vasculitis in children after rheumatoid purpura. We report a case of a 7-year-old boy with typical Kawasaki disease occlusive syndrome and coronary artery disease. Echocardiography shows a giant aneurysm of the left coronary artery of 9 mm and the right coronary artery 7 mm. This observation highlights the interest of not disregarding kawasaki's disease in front of all its complete incomplete or atypical forms to delay the diagnosis and the treatment. It emphasizes the importance of giving immunoglobulins as early as possible to prevent coronary involvement.


Objective: To study risk factors in gerontic recurrent stroke. Methods: This article retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 96 cases of gerontic recurrent stroke, and the common risk factors in 108 cases of the first gerontic stroke attack hospitalized in the same period were compared. At the same time author compared and analysed the risk factors in gerontic recurrent stroke between those from the city and those in the country. Results: It was discovered that there wasn't significant difference in hypertension, diabetes, coronary disease, hyperlipidemia, TIA history, smoking and /or drinking , obesity and bad living habit between gerontic recurrent stroke and the first gerontic stroke. There were more cases from the recurrent's group with diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity in the city than in the country, but more from the recurrent's group with smoking and /or drinking , bad habit in life and TIA history in country than in the city. Conclusion: The gerontic recurrent stroke is the result of many factors, And comprehensive prevention measures should be taken.


Virtually, every country's tourist arrivals were affected and continued to be for most of the next two years with significantly reduced air transport links, border restrictions and entry barriers, self-isolation requirements and measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19 that impacted, especially hospitality businesses and also the way in which both the public and private tourism sectors were able to operate (UNWTO, 2020). The global tourism community recognised the potential positive implications of the crisis caused by COVID-19, and calls for a re-imagination of tourism towards a more sustainable and holistically beneficial approach were heard everywhere, including, of course, in New Zealand: a country known for marketing itself for over 20 years with the slogan "100% Pure New Zealand" (McClure, 2004) and its natural scenery as the main attraction for nearly four million international visitors per year. Using a prognosis–prediction paradigm from futures studies and a trend analysis approach, the authors forecast a series of tourist trends at the beginning of COVID-19 based upon a multitude of sources. At the heart of Fountain's (2021) paper is the relationship between economy and identity with food and representing both concepts;thus, the following question is propositioned "what role will – or could – food and drink play in a more resilient tourism future for the country?" Fountain observes that COVID-19 has accelerated a number of trends, which are likely to influence the resetting of tourism on a more resilient and regenerative pathway.


The goal of this research project is to foreshadow the development of an activity specific to human resources that take part in crowdsourcing efforts, specifically in microtasking. This new type of market is progressively utilized in the United States. Also, the great potential of this extremely efficient form of outsourcing is the reason why we focused on the human resources implicated. The research took place in July-August 2013 and it involved 177 survey participants randomly chosen from the microtasking marketplace Amazon Mechanical Turk, which makes the data gathering portion crowdsourced. The findings of this research illustrate opportunities for companies and individuals to make use of this easily accessible, inexpensive and virtually unlimited resource.


King Philip's War has been called the bloodiest conflict in American history, based on the proportion of the Indian and English population killed, wounded, or driven from the area. Named for the Indian sachem (leader) who instigated it, the war involved Native Americans and English colonists across much of colonial New England; by its end, the English had established lasting dominance over Indians in the region. While King Philip's War has often been described as a racial conflict, Indian combatants fought on both sides.

Keywords:

Colonial History;
Native American;
war


Objective:To discuss the related factors for formation of gallstone among working population aged 40 to 60,and to reduce health risks for relevant population and to change the bad behavior of health education messages.Methods:A total of 632 people participating in physical examination were randomly chosen and made a questionnaire survey in height measurement,bile duct B-ultrasonography,fasting blood glucose and blood lipid inspection.Analyse and deal with the relationship between the above factors and bile duct stones.Result:The survey response rate was 88.7%.Cholelithiasis prevalence rate was 7.55%.Among the risk factors,gender,body mass index,blood lipids,and meal intervals make a great contribution.Conclusion:The formation of gallstones is the result of multiple factor,including gender,body mass index,blood lipid and meal intervals make a great impact on gallstone formation.


Abstract. Eriksson, B. O. (Department of Paediatrics, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden). Muscle metabolism in children—a review. Acta Paediatr Scand, Suppl. 283: 20, 1980.—The muscle tissue is by far the most energy demanding organ in the body. Studies on energy liberation and muscle substrate levels in normal and sick children can give an important contribution to the knowledge and understanding of the problems in each disorder. Muscle metabolic data are presented from infants with symptomatic ventricular septal defect (VSD), children with coarctation of the aorta, children with coeliac disease and with late walking debute. The difference in muscle substrate levels and muscle enzyme activities in normal children 2 months to 15 years of age are also presented, as well as the effect of exercise and physical training.


Disclosed is a method for sharing a frequency spectrum between a first network and a second network. The method comprises the following steps: issuing, by a small cell requiring a service and in a first network, a resource request; issuing, by the first network, a spectrum sharing request to a second network, and providing a detection characteristic sequence of the small cell requiring the service; measuring, by the second network, the detection characteristic sequence, selecting, from the second network, a spectrum set having a second strength of interference not higher than a second network threshold value, and transmitting the spectrum set to the first network; and selecting, by the small cell requiring the service, a spectrum for access from the spectrum set measured by the second network. The invention enables more dynamic and flexible utilization of a spectrum, thereby effectively improving a utilization rate of the spectrum.


The article describes one of the latest hardering and annealing systems for heavy plate. The maxium plant output in hot service is 31.7 t/h. Plates in dimensions of upt to 3.5 m width and 14 m length and thicknesses of between 5 and 50 mm can be hardened or annealed to meet the highest demands of structural steelwork, con struction and bridge building, hydraulic engineering, the offshore sector, pressure vessel manufacture and commercial vehicle construction. The evenness levels achieved are in the finely even range, and therefore production without a levelling machine is facillitated for annealed grades down to 5 mm in thickness. A theoretical model increased inderstanding of such complex production processes and was used to optimise the process.


Diode lasers [(lambda) equals 1480 nm] are used with in-vitro fertilization [IVF] as a promoter of embryo hatching. A focused laser beam is applied in vitro to form a channel in the zona pellucida (shell) of the pre-embryo. After transfer into the uterus, the embryo hatches: it extrudes itself through the channel and implants into the uterine wall. Laser-assisted hatching can result in improving implantation and pregnancy success rates. We present examples of zone pellucida ablation using animal models. In using the laser it is vital not to damage pre-embryo cells, e.g. by overheating. In order to define safe regimes we have derived some thermal side-effects of zona pellucida removal. The temperature profile in the beam and vicinity is predicted as function of laser pulse duration and power. In a crossed-beam experiment a HeNe laser probe detects the temperature-induced change in refractive index. We find that the diode laser beam produces superheated water approaching 200 C on the beam axis. Thermal histories during and following the laser pulse are given for regions in the neighborhood of the beam. We conclude that an optimum regime exists with pulse duration


In this research, PPCI combustion with a light-duty diesel engine fueled with JP-8 was systemically constructed. 2.2 L HSDI diesel engine was used and test condition was 1,500 rpm/BMEP 4 bar. The result emphasized that NOx and PM emissions could be reduced simultaneously by adjusting main injection timing and controlling EGR rate for prolonged ignition delay than injection duration.


'Your Special Student' is written for professionals and paraprofessionals aspiring to create class programs based upon inclusive teaching practices. It offers practical assistance, direction, and concrete strategies for professionals and paraprofessionals- that are challenged, to establish class programs inclusive of the diverse and often complex needs of individual students.

Professionals and paraprofessionals working in these communities are challenged to act as facilitators of learning. They are encouraged - to be flexible in attitude and approach, supporting all students to develop as independent, responsible, interested, active and engaged lifelong learners. They endeavor to structure teaching- and learning environments that foster a sense of belonging-, acceptance, respect, competence, achievement, success, and a genuine interest in learning. Professionals and paraprofessionals are continually challenged to work in collaborating, genuinely appreciate, nurture, embrace, respect, and celebrate student diversity. 'Your Special Student' provides down-to-earth, hands on strategies and frameworks for professionals- and paraprofessionals working in the field of education.


IN SPITE OF THE ADVENT of powerful antibiotics, the treatment of urinary tract infections remains difficult, protracted, and even frustrating. Antibiotics are not always the first choice in therapy, and we have continued using sulfonamides (alone or in combination with antibiotics) for the treatment of subacute and chronic urinary infections, for prevention of infection after diagnostic procedures such as cystoscopy, after urological surgery, and when indwelling catheters are used. A disadvantage of oral sulfonamides available before 1957 was the need to administer them in doses of two to four tablets at intervals of four to six hours over periods of one to several weeks. The resultant inconvenience, especially in ambulant patients, frequently led to negligence in taking the drugs as prescribed. Consequently, failures of treatment were seen, and, worse, drug-resistant bacterial strains appeared. Thus we were interested in the recent development of sulfonamide preparations which claim therapeutic effect with a considerably lower dosage, and we welcomed the opportunity of evaluating one of them, Ba-17922 or sulfaphenazol, in our department. This new sulfonamide has since been given the trade name of Orisul.t


A study was carried out during the rabi season of 2006-07 and 2007-08 at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jessore, Bangladesh. Seven different plant extracts viz. neem leaf boil water, neem leaf, onion bulb, garlic bulb, ginger rhizome, alamonda leaf, dholkalmi leaf, and nine fungicides namely, Rovral 50 WP, Dithane M-45, Bavistin, Ridomil Gold, Indofil M-45, Tilt 250 EC, Kencozeb M-45, Supervit 80 WDG and Mine 50 WP were evaluated as foliar spray to find out their efficacy in controlling Alternaria blight of mustard. All the plant extracts and fungicides significantly reduced the disease severity and produced higher 1000-seed weight, seeds siliqua and seed yield over control. Application of Rovral gave the highest seed yield (1361 kg ha) and reduced maximum disease severity. The results of the present study indicates that fungicides like Rovral 50 WP, Dithane M-45, Ridomil Gold and Indofil M-45; and neem leaf, garlic bulb and ginger rhizome extracts were found effective as foliar spray to control Alternaria blight of mustard.


A study of the total internal reflection of light and the resulting displacements is presented in terms of a Stokes parameter description of the polarization states. A compact expression for the displacements is given, and it is shown that in a prism, maximum spatial separation of the eigenpolarization states occurs when successive reflections take place alternately near and far from the critical angle.


We estimate an ordered probit model in order to exp lain the occurrence and magnitude of producer price changes in the French manufacturing sector. We use data consisting essentially of the Banque de France monthly business surveys, pooled o v r the years 1998-2005. Our results show that changes in the price of intermediate inputs are the main driver of producer price changes. Firms also appear to react significantly to changes in the pro ducer price index of their industry. Variations in labor costs as well as in the production level also ppear to increase the likelihood of a price chang e but their influence seems to be of a lesser importa nce. We also show that estimating an unconstrained dynamic model allows improving the estimation resul ts as compared to those associated with a standard state-dependent model. Finally, our result s point to an asymmetry in price adjustments. When they face a change in their costs, firms adjust the ir prices upward more often and more rapidly than they do it downward.


M ost biological materials are constructed from simple building blocks, yet they exhibit extraordinary properties. High-performance organic protein materials such as silk or collagen, for example, are usually composed of only a few distinct amino acids, but they combine to form structures that display a very wide range of material properties and perform many different biological functions 1–5. And the addition of other types of building blocks leads to even better performance: for example, bone is strong and tough because the collagen matrix also contains hydroxyapatite mineral platelets. What's intriguing is that the macroscopic properties of the final material are much more than the sum of the parts, and that these properties can change in response to the demands being placed on them (a property referred to as tunability) 2–5. These exciting features are known to derive from the peculiar structural make-up of natural materials, which contain geometric details over a vast range of length scales, merging the common concepts of 'structure' and 'material'. Today it is possible to routinely synthesize nanoscale building blocks with many excellent material properties, such as carbon nanotubes or graphene sheets, but there has been relatively little progress in exploiting these properties in large-scale materials and devices. We lack the ability to map the excellent properties of these tiny material building blocks towards larger scales, where the performance of resulting materials doesn't live up to our expectations. It seems natural, therefore, to look to nature for inspiration when seeking to make new materials that can harness the potential of these synthetic building blocks 4,6. Indeed, by starting with building blocks that are superior to those used by nature, it should be possible to develop new materials with properties that greatly surpass the natural ones. In addition to enhanced strength, for example, such a material could display an exquisite responsiveness to external cues, which could be used to tune its properties on demand or be exploited in sensing applications. Mezzenga of ETH Zürich report that they have combined graphene sheets with amyloid protein fibrils to create a nanocomposite with useful chemical, mechanical and sensing properties 7 (Fig. 1). Mezzenga and co-workers emulate the molecular structure of bone, with graphene sheets replacing the rigid hydroxyapatite mineral platelets found in bone, and amyloid protein fibrils replacing the softer collagen protein fibres. They start by simply combining amyloid protein fibrils and sheets of graphene oxide in water. The amyloid …


This data set maps and describes the geology of the Corona South 7.5' quadrangle, Riverside and Orange Counties, California. Created using Environmental Systems Research Institute's ARC/INFO software, the data base consists of the following items: (1) a map coverage containing geologic contacts and units, (2) a coverage containing structural data, (3) a coverage containing geologic unit annotation and leaders, and (4) attribute tables for geologic units (polygons), contacts (arcs), and site-specific data (points). In addition, the data set includes the following graphic and text products: (1) a postscript graphic plot-file containing the geologic map, topography, cultural data, a Correlation of Map Units (CMU) diagram, a Description of Map Units (DMU), and a key for point and line symbols, and (2) PDF files of the Readme (including the metadata file as an appendix), and the graphic produced by the Postscript plot file. The Corona South quadrangle is located near the northern end of the Peninsular Ranges Province. Diagonally crossing the quadrangle is the northern end of the Elsinore Fault zone, a major active right-lateral strike-slip fault zone of the San Andreas Fault system. East of the fault zone is the Perris block and to the west the Santa Ana Mountains block. Basement in the Perris block part of the quadrangle is almost entirely Cretaceous volcanic rocks and granitic rocks of the Cretaceous Peninsular Ranges batholith. Three small exposures of very low metamorphic grade siliceous rocks correlated on the basis of lithology with Mesozoic age rocks are located near the eastern edge of the quadrangle. Exposures of batholithic rocks is restricted to mostly granodiorite of the Cajalco pluton that underlies extensive areas to the east and north. There are limited amounts of undifferentiated granitic rock and one small body of gabbro. The most extensive basement rocks are volcanic shallow intrusives and extrusives of the Estelle Mountain volcanics. The volcanics, predominantly latite and rhyolite, are quarried as a source of crushed rock. West of the Elsinore Fault zone is a thick section of Bedford Canyon Formation of Jurassic age. This unit consists of incipiently metamorphosed marine sedimentary rocks consisting of argillite, slate, graywacke, impure quartzite, and small pods of limestone. Bedding and other primary sedimentary structures are commonly preserved and tight folds are common. Incipiently developed transposed layering, S1, is locally well developed. Included within the siliceous rocks are small outcrops of fossiliferous limestone than contain a fauna indicating the limestone formed in a so-called black smoker environment. Unconformably overlying and intruding the Bedford Canyon Formation is the Santiago Peak Volcanics of Cretaceous age. These volcanics consist of basaltic andesite, andesite, dacite, rhyolite, breccia and volcanoclastic rocks. Much of the unit has been hydrothermally altered; the alteration was contemporaneous with the volcanism. A minor occurrence of serpentine and associated silica-carbonate rock occurs in association with the volcanics. Sedimentary rocks of late Cretaceous and Paleogene age and a few Neogene age rocks occur within the Elsinore Fault zone. Marine sandstone of the middle Miocene Topanga Formation occurs within the fault zone southeast of Corona. Underlying the Topanga Formation is the nonmarine undivided Sespe and Vaqueros Formation that are predominantly sandstone. Sandstone, siltstone, and conglomerate of the marine and nonmarine Paleocene Silverado Formation extends essentially along the entire length of the fault zone in the quadrangle. Clay beds in the Silverado Formation have been an important source of clay. In the northwest corner of the quadrangle is a thick, faulted, sedimentary section that ranges in age from Cretaceous to early Pliocene-Miocene. Emanating from the Santa Ana Mountains is an extensive alluvial fan complex that underlies Corona and the surrounding valleys. This fan complex includes both Pleistocene and Holocene age deposits. The Elsinore Fault zone at the base of the Santa Ana Mountains splays in the northwestern part of the quadrangle; beyond the quadrangle boundary the name Elsinore Fault is generally not used. The southern splay takes a more western trend and to the west of the quadrangle is termed the Whittier Fault, a major active fault. The eastern splay continues on strike along the east side of the Chino (Puente) Hills north of the quadrangle where it is termed the Chino Fault. The Chino Fault appears to have very limited displacement. The geologic map data base contains original U.S. Geological Survey data generated by detailed field observation recorded on 1:24,000 scale aerial photographs. The map was created by transferring lines from the aerial photographs to a 1:24,000 scale topographic base. The map was digitized and lines, points, and polygons were subsequently edited using standard ARC/INFO commands. Digitizing and editing artifacts significant enough to display at a scale of 1:24,000 were corrected. Within the database, geologic contacts are represented as lines (arcs), geologic units are polygons, and site-specific data as points. Polygon, arc, and point attribute tables (.pat, .aat, and .pat, respectively) uniquely identify each geologic datum.


A general evaluation of some points of the South American seismic codes is presented herein, comparing them among themselves and with the American Standard ASCE/SEI 7/10 and with the European Standard Eurocode 8. The study is focused in design criteria for buildings. The Western border of South America is one of the most seismically active regions of the World. It corresponds to the confluence of the South American and Nazca plates. This region corresponds roughly to the vicinity of the Andes Mountains. This seismicity diminishes in the direction of the comparatively seismically quieter Eastern South American areas. The South American countries located in its Western Border possess standards for seismic design since some decades ago, being the Brazilian Standard for seismic design only recently published. This study is focused in some critical topics: definition of the recurrence periods for establishing the seismic input; definition of the seismic zonation and design ground motion values; definition of the shape of the design response spectra; consideration of soil amplification, soil liquefaction and soil-structure interaction; classification of the structures in different importance levels; definition of the seismic force-resisting systems and respective response modification coefficients; consideration of structural irregularities and definition of the allowable procedures for the seismic analyses. A simple building structure is analyzed considering the criteria of the several standards and obtained results are compared.


Purpose: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy. Established prognostic factors are histologic grade, depth of myometrial invasion, and extrauterine spread including retroperitoneal lymph node metastases. Tumorigenesis is a multistep process involving different genetic changes resulting in uncontrolled cellular proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and enhanced vascular proliferation among other events. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from a preexisting vascular network, is necessary for invasive tumor growth and metastasis and constitutes an important point in the control of cancer progression. The pathogenesis of the angiogenetic phenotype may involve the inactivation of different tumor suppressor genes. Experimental Design: We investigated the relationship between the expression levels of VEGF and the retinoblastoma family member pRb2/p130 in endometrial carcinoma in relation to histopathologic tumor grade in a cohort of 50 patients. Results: We found that VEGF and pRB2/p130 expression were inversely correlated. Additionally, high grade tumors presented a significantly lower number of cells expressing pRb2/p130 when compared to low grade tumors. A significant positive correlation was found, by means of the Spearman coefficient, between VEGF expression and binary grading (0.450, p-value


The aim of this paper is to estimate the inductance of single-layer flat spiral (pancake) coil. First, the analytic approach of single-layer, then the calculation of inductance is made using finite elements method of solution. For this purpose the software package called COMSOL Multiphysics with AC-DC Module was used. Designed coil is created in 2D axisymmetric space dimension and results are compared with analytic solution. Finally, the experimental measurements of inductance were made to verify the analytic and simulation approaches for determining the inductance of spiral coil.


A novel advanced design of the planar multipole resonance probe (pMRP) using LTCC-technology is investigated in this contribution. Integrated into the reactor wall, the planar sensor structure enables a minimally invasive in-situ plasma monitoring. Due to the ceramic substrate material, a substantial improved resistance against high temperatures can be achieved, extending the potential fields of application. The used multilayer structure with vertically stacked components ensures a high level of integration and further enhances the mechanical robustness leading to an industry compatible plasma sensor design. The probe is investigated within 3D electromagnetic simulations and its applicability is demonstrated by measurements in a double inductively coupled plasma (DICP).


The National Weather Service Nuclear Support Office· (NWSNSO) Lightning Identification Verification Evaluation Studies 1988 (LIVES-88) attempted to verify the accuracy and the detection efficiency of the ALDS for both n,egative and positive cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes (Scott, 1988a). It was hoped that results from the study would give the Nevada Test Site (NTS) forecaster more confidence in the system, and thus improve lightning safety procedures on the NTS.


The objective of this session is to bring together a wide range of new concepts in manufacturing simulation to stimulate discussion and interest. The concepts involve the strategic and tactical decisions that are made during the course of a successful application in the manufacturing environment. Strategic aspects revolve around the selling of results to management. Tactical considerations include the scope of modeling detail and in the simulation model. The over-all goal of the papers and discussion is to provide a systematic foundation for analysts to draw from during the development of practical applications. Tactical considerations are concerned with the step-by-step abstraction of the simulation model from the real-world environment, and include setting the level of detail with the model as well as choosing an appropriate language.


The invention provides a magnetic random access memory memory-unit. The memory unit comprises a stacked structure and a spin valve control layer, wherein the stacked structure comprises a magnetic reference layer, a magnetic memory layer, a tunnel barrier layer, an intermediate layer and a spin valve layer, wherein the magnetization direction of the magnetic reference layer is unchanged, and the magnetic anisotropy is perpendicular to the surface layer; the magnetization directions of the magnetic memory layer and the spin valve layer are variable, and magnetic anisotropy is perpendicular to the corresponding surface layer; the tunnel barrier layer is positioned between the magnetic reference layer and the magnetic memory layer, and adjacent to the magnetic reference layer and the magnetic memory layer separately; the intermediate layer is adjacent to the magnetic memory layer; the magnetic anisotropy of the spin valve layer is less than that of the magnetic memory layer; the spin valve layer is adjacent to the intermediate layer; and the spin valve control layer is a conductive layer spaced from the stacked structure. The invention also provides a read-write method and an anti-interference method for the magnetic random access memory memory-unit, and another memory unit and a read-write method and an anti-interference method therefor based on the above design concepts.


Abstract : Gaussian assumption has been a fundamental one in most statistical signal processing work. The assumption not only simplifies the analytical problems involved but also matches the data characteristics in many cases because of the law of large numbers. In a number of Navy sonar, radar and communications systems, signal processing algorithms must be developed without the Gaussian assumption. (Author)


Considering industrial distribution for the Jialing River valley ,we should foster growth pole ,such as Mianyang and Nanchong firstly,and attach importance to the point and axis model ,so as to make Chuanshan railway ,Chengda railway and Jialing River axis and form distribution model like the pattern of "干".At the same time ,considering the distinguishing feature of Jialing River valley economy and industrial development ,we should apply circle and gradually development model, making Mianyang and Nanchong as center, and making Jialing River and Chuanshan railway as axis ,in order to promote Jialing River valley economy development healthily and lastingly.


The cases of protecting endangered animals around the world are difficult to solve. Lack of public awareness of the survival of these animals become one of the contributing factors. Given the importance of the survival of these animals, World Wildlife Fund as a global fund-raising agency invitesDanish and turkey advertising agencies to create a social campaign where they invited millennials to donate their money to help the survival of endangered animals and comes up with #LastSelfie. It is social media based campaign using Snapchat which then integrated with other social media. This campaign generated 40,000 tweets in a week and meets donation goal in just three days. This is a descriptive explanative research which itspurpose is to find out whether #LastSelfie campaign through breaking the structure of campaign materials and depict its relationship with the aim of campaign based on copywriting and target audience Engagement Process in social media theory. Through the application of this concept which encompasses various aspects of the campaign, at the end of this writing, the authors concludes that #LastSelfie campaign corresponds to the process sequence of Engagement in social media — consuming, curation, creation, collaboration, through meticulous campaign naming, copywriting strategy, sharing among peers, and collaborative donation to help preserve endangered animals.


Increased complexity of modern organizations and rapid changes in economic, social and political environments have created conditions for which the concepts of decision making and problem-solving become critical. With the increased level of openness, business and administrative organizations have grown in size and complexity. These developments have led to the creation of more complex forms of organization necessitating the need for effective problem-solving technologies. This paper describes an empirical investigation into the comparative effectiveness of four problem-solving technologies Dialectical Problem-Solving Technology (DPST), Devil's Advocate Problem-Solving Technology, Nominal Group Technique (NGT), and Modified Delphi (Delphi).


Purpose – To report on the Special Libraries Association (SLA) Annual Conference held in June 2007 in Denver, Colorado.Design/methodology/approach – Conference report.Findings – The annual conference aims to provide attendees continuing professional education, vendor presentations, invited papers and social events. Exhibits from library vendors include technology, information materials and services.Originality/value – A conference report of interest to information professionals in academia, corporate and governmental information centers and libraries.


Researchers have discovered a low-cost, low-energy, and highly effective method for removing oil from water by immersing a melamine sponge in polydimethylsiloxane. The simple and inexpensive process can be replicated on almost any scale, and the sponges can be wrung out and reused several times before replacement is necessary.


This paper presented a preparation of studded SiO2 short fiber(n-SF)with the diameter of 500 nm via electrospinning combined with sol-gel of TEOS.n-SF/PP composite was got after the injection molding.The interface of n-SF in PP matrix was excellent and distributed even by SEM characterization.The DSC and XRD characterization demonstrated that the crystal velocity of PP increased and β crystalloid content varied.The crystallity of n-SF/PP composite decreased in size comparing with neat PP via PLM investigation.The impact test experiment showed that the impact mechanical property increased by 21.6% than neat PP when SiO2 short fiber content was 0.5 phr.


A comparison of sorption characteristics of a granulated glauconite synthesized with tap water as a binding agent as well as a mixed nickel-potassium ferrocyanide sorbent based on the granulated glauconite with respect to cesium radionuclides was performed. It was shown that surface modification resulted in a significant increase of the sorbent selectivity for cesium (Kd values were 1.1·104 L kg−1 for granulated glauconite vs. 1.6·106 L kg−1 for the modified sorbent) at the cesium concentrations range of 10−6–10−4 g L−1. Static exchange capacity of the studied sorbents for 137Cs was estimated to be >30 mg g−1. The results of mathematical treatment of time dependences of cesium sorption have shown that the sorbent modification resulted in a significant increase of rate constant at the first stage of sorption. Overall, the results confirmed increase of the filter resource and flow rate of water if the modified granulated glauconite is used in a sorption filter for radioactive water deactivation.A comparison of sorption characteristics of a granulated glauconite synthesized with tap water as a binding agent as well as a mixed nickel-potassium ferrocyanide sorbent based on the granulated glauconite with respect to cesium radionuclides was performed. It was shown that surface modification resulted in a significant increase of the sorbent selectivity for cesium (Kd values were 1.1·104 L kg−1 for granulated glauconite vs. 1.6·106 L kg−1 for the modified sorbent) at the cesium concentrations range of 10−6–10−4 g L−1. Static exchange capacity of the studied sorbents for 137Cs was estimated to be >30 mg g−1. The results of mathematical treatment of time dependences of cesium sorption have shown that the sorbent modification resulted in a significant increase of rate constant at the first stage of sorption. Overall, the results confirmed increase of the filter resource and flow rate of water if the modified granulated glauconite is used in a sorption filter for radioactive water deactivation.


The production potential in Andisols is limited by the high P-retention capacity. Farmers commonly use organic matter. Sugarcane filter cake (blothong, Indonesian, SFC) and rice husk ash (RHA) are locally available in Coban Rondo, Malang, East Java and hence potentially used for soil amendment. To study the effects of SFC and RHA on P availability, P uptake and plant growth (Brassica sp.), soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm depth, incubated with SFC (21.37 Mg.ha -1 ) and RHA (44.64 Mg.ha -1 ). Total P, P-available, pH, organic carbon, exchangeable cations (K, Na, Ca, Mg), and P retention curve were determined at 0, 15, 30, and 45 days after incubation. Crop parameters (height, number of leaves, total dry weight) and P-uptake were also measured at 2, 4, 6 weeks after planting. The results showed that RHA was more effective than SFC to decrease P retention and increase P availability (120% on RHA; and 78% on SFC). Soils having higher organic matter tended to have higher P availability. As a consequence, RHA and SFC increased P-uptake respectively 3 and 2 times in soil rich in organic matter, and 1.9 and 2.7 times in soil low in organic matter compared to untreated soil. Increasing P-uptake was followed by plant growth improvement. RHA was more effective than SFC in soil rich in organic matter, but not soil low in organic matter.


Holding is a behavior,not a state.What the possession crime punish is the holding action,not the station caused by holding.Holding is one kind of action,not an omission or an independent action pattern.The possession crime is one kind of action crimes.As a kind of control of man to a subject,the actor should be aware of the nature of the subject and of the violation of law.


Antimicrobial substances were screened by paper disk plate method in marine sponges, Halichondria okadai, Halichendria sp., H iaponica and Haliclona Pemollis, collected from the south coast of Korea. Antibacterial components were detected in two species, H okadai and Halichondria sp.. Three components such as benzoic acid, okadaic acid(OA) and dinophysistoxin-1(DTX1) were identified from these sponges as the antimicrobial compounds by MS and NMR spectral data. OA and were determined from the wet H okadai and Halichondria sp., respectively, by using fluorometric HPLC analysis with 9-anthryldiazomethane(ADAM) as fluorescent labelling reagent.


The Flemish Pass Basin located 450 km east offshore St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada has seen an increase in exploration activity over the past decade. Risk mitigation is important for deepwater drilling, and marine CSEM interpretation techniques have the potential help de-risk reservoirs in an offshore exploration setting. This thesis uses 3D marine CSEM finite-element forward modeling with comparisons to measured data to (1) show the finite-element forward modeling code can synthesize data from real complex models built using unstructured grids, and (2) use this forward modeling technique to provide additional support and interpretations for two offshore exploration fields in the Flemish Pass Basin: Mizzen and Bay du Nord.
In summary, the finite-element forward modeling code was able to synthesize good quality results from complex models built from real data. Sensitivity to the Mizzen reservoir was found, but it is likely below the detectability threshold. This is likely a result of the reservoir being too small and containing uneconomic volumes of hydrocarbons. However, the Bay du Nord reservoir is much larger and is predicted to contain much higher volumes of hydrocarbons. Numerical analysis confirmed a much greater sensitivity to the Bay du Nord reservoir exists.


Summary Cream cheese of good quality can be made from cream testing from 16 to 20 per cent fat. The cheese made from such cream contains 37 to 42 per cent fat and 50 to 54 per cent moisture. Lowering the fat content of the cream tends increasingly to cause grainy texture and crumbly body while increasing the fat content tends to cause excessive smoothness and stickiness. As the fat content of the cream used for the cheese increases, the yield of cheese per hundred pounds of cream increases and the yield per pound of fat in the cream decreases. The acidity of the final product in terms of pH is not influenced by the percentage of fat in the cream used to make the cheese.


Background: Typically, studies investigating those at clinical high risk for psychosis have focused on predictors of conversion and treatments that might prevent conversion to full‐blown psychosis. Few studies have followed those who do not go on to develop a psychotic illness.


We have studied terahertz and radio-frequency dielectric response of single water molecules periodically arranged in nano-cages formed by the crystal lattice of beryl. Below ≈20 K, quantum effects start to dominate the properties of the H2O dipolar system as manifested by a crossover between the Curie-Weiss and the Barrett regimes in the temperature behavior of the dielectric permittivity ε'. Analyzing the temperature evolution of the inverse permittivity (ε')-1 down to T = 0.3 K, we discover signatures of quantum critical behavior of coupled water molecular dipoles: its quadratic variation with temperature at T=3-12 K and a shallow minimum in the (ε')-1(T) dependence below 3 K.


The unburned carbon in the fly ash produced from low-NO* pulverized coal combustion is shown to consist of a mixture of soot and coal char. The soot was identified by the presence of chains or aggregates of 10-50-nm-diameter primary particles in electron microscope images of both laboratory samples and a sample of fly ash from a power plant operating low-NO* burners. Laboratory samples showed increasing carbon content with decreasing nitrogen oxide (NO J concentration. The experiments included ahigh-NO* base case and four low-N(\ cases consisting of (1) staged combustion with short (0.5 s) residence time, (2) staged combustion with long (1 .5 s) residence time, (3) a low-NO* burner with slow' mixing, and (4) rebuming using coal as the rebuming fuel. Comparison of the base case that used premixed coal and air with the long-residence-time staged combustion case show's a decrease in the NO* from over 900 ppm to below 200 ppm and an increase in the carbon in the ash from 4% to over 30%. The fly ash from staged combustion was a mixture of large soot aggregates, porous char, and spherical particles of mineral ash, whereas the ash from rebuming lacked the large aggregates. For all laboratory conditions, the carbon content in the particle fraction with an aerodynamic diameter over 10 /um was higher than in the 1-2.5jum-diameter fraction. Both soot aggregates and char contributed to the high carbon in the large particle fraction. The difference in carbon burnout between the two staging conditions was consistent with pub lished soot oxidation rates. Both char burnout and soot formation need to be considered in studies of the carbon content of pulverized coal fly ash.


Deciding the objective of the system at the start of the design and using gas release and dispersion modeling are essential to provide an effective gas detection system. Unless you have an unlimited budget and can locate a sensor at every possible release point, the use of computer models can help you to locate gas sensors in a cost-effective manner. The scope and purpose of the detection system must be defined at the beginning of the design to ensure consistency throughout.


Chapter headings only. Part I: Neurological Aspects of Ageing. Part II: Medications and Sleep in Ageing Adults. Part III: Sleep in Ageing Adults. Part IV: The Ageing Respiratory System. Part V: Epidemiology. Part VI: Cognitive Function, Dementia, Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB). Part VII: Pathophysiology of Periodic Breathing. Part VIII: Conclusion.


Simple Summary The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota refers to the collection of microorganisms that colonize the GIT. The composition and diversity of the GIT microbiota play a fundamental role in animal health and performance and is an area that is becoming increasingly important with recent introduction of new restrictions on antibiotic and antimicrobial use in animal production. Enhancing the establishment of the GIT microbiota in the initial stages of life can improve health and performance, both in the immediate period and later life. Interestingly, the offspring's microbiota is heavily influenced by the maternal microbiota, thereby underlining modulation of the maternal microbiota as a promising strategy to enhance the health and growth of the offspring. A probiotic is a beneficial live microorganism that, when supplemented, has beneficial effects on the host's health. A synbiotic is a combination of a probiotic and another bioactive known as a prebiotic, which is essentially a substrate for beneficial microbes in the gut. Supplementing probiotics or synbiotics in the maternal diet presents a promising strategy to firstly modulate the maternal GIT microbiota, conferring several health benefits to the sow, and secondly to influence the establishment of the offspring's GIT microbiota, conferring several health benefits to the offspring. The current review discusses the importance and suggested mechanisms of action for maternal probiotic and synbiotic supplementation and details key findings from studies that have investigated the effects of maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation in pigs. Abstract The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens has prompted the reduction in antibiotic and antimicrobial use in commercial pig production. This has led to increased research efforts to identify alternative dietary interventions to support the health and development of the pig. The crucial role of the GIT microbiota in animal health and performance is becoming increasingly evident. Hence, promoting an improved GIT microbiota, particularly the pioneer microbiota in the young pig, is a fundamental focus. Recent research has indicated that the sow's GIT microbiota is a significant contributor to the development of the offspring's microbiota. Thus, dietary manipulation of the sow's microbiota with probiotics or synbiotics, before farrowing and during lactation, is a compelling area of exploration. This review aims to identify the potential health benefits of maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation to both the sow and her offspring and to explore their possible modes of action. Finally, the results of maternal sow probiotic and synbiotic supplementation studies are collated and summarized. Maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation offers an effective strategy to modulate the sow's microbiota and thereby enhance the formation of a health-promoting pioneer microbiota in the offspring. In addition, this strategy can potentially reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the sow and her offspring, enhance the immune potential of the milk, the immune system development in the offspring, and the sow's feed intake during lactation. Although many studies have used probiotics in the maternal sow diet, the most effective probiotic or probiotic blends remain unclear. To this extent, further direct comparative investigations using different probiotics are warranted to advance the current understanding in this area. Moreover, the number of investigations supplementing synbiotics in the maternal sow diet is limited and is an area where further exploration is warranted.


Objective To investigate the effect of the lymphatic chemotherapy to colonic carcinoma metastasis model in mice by drug loaded carbon nanoparticles.Methods The colonic carcinoma metastasis model in mice were established by injection of colon26 cell suspension and divided into 4 groups randomly.5% glucose(A group),injection of fluorouracil and carbon nanoparticles(B group),injection of oxaliplatin and carbon nanoparticles(C group),mixing of injection of fluorouracil and carbon nanoparticles and injection of oxaliplatin and carbon nanoparticles(D group) were injected into paw pads with tumor,respectively.Observe the injection site of pad.Mice were executed after 48 hours.The rate of apoptosis of cancer cells was analyzed by Flow cytometry.Apoptosis index of metastasis was tested by TUNEL.Results There was no death and no skin erosion on paw pads in all groups.Popliteal fossa lymph node was stained black in group B,C and D.The rate of apoptosis in metastasis and apoptosis index in popliteal fossa lymph node in group B,C and D is higher than group A(P0.05),Differences between group D and group B,C was significant(P0.05),there was no significant difference in group B and C(P0.05).Conclusion Drug loaded carbon nanoparticles can be imported and detained in lymph node.It can induce apoptosis of tumor and lymph node metastasis,The synergistic effect of anti-cancer can be promoted by the combination of drug loaded carbon nanoparticles with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin.


RecG, belonging to the category of Superfamily-2 plays a vital role in rescuing different kinds of stalled fork. The elemental mechanism of the helicase activity of RecG with several non-homologous stalled fork structures resembling intermediates formed during the process of DNA repair has been investigated in the present study to capture the dynamic stages of genetic rearrangement. The functional characterization has been exemplified through quantifying the response of the substrate in terms of their molecular heterogeneity and dynamical response by employing single-molecule fluorescence methods. An elevated processivity of RecG is observed for the stalled fork where progression of lagging daughter strand is ahead as compared to that of the leading strand. Through the precise alteration of its function in terms of unwinding, depending upon the substrate DNA, RecG catalyzes the formation of Holliday junction from a stalled fork DNA. RecG is found to adopt an asymmetric mode of locomotion to unwind the lagging daughter strand for facilitating formation of Holliday junction that acts as a suitable intermediate for recombinational repair pathway. Our results emphasize the mechanism adopted by RecG during its 'sliding back' mode along the lagging daughter strand to be 'active translocation and passive unwinding'. This also provide clues as to how this helicase decides and controls the mode of translocation along the DNA to unwind.


This research based on the problem that is existence of fluctuation or volatility of money supplies in Indonesia. This phenomenon in the year 2003 to 2009. The fluctuation or volatility of money supplies will have an effect to monetary policy which will be specified which ended at stability of monetary in Indonesia. The research is aimed to know the influence of national income, interest rate, inflation and reserves requirement to the money supply and analyze the volatility of money supply in Indonesia. This research used data of money supply (M1), the nominal GDP, deposit interest rate, inflation, of Indonesia in 1986-2009. The analysis technique used in this research was GARCH (1,1). The results of research show that the GDP and reserves requirement positively and significantly influence of the volatility of money supply (M1), whereas deposited interest rate and inflation have negative and significant on the volatile of money supply. From the result of the research, it showed that the volatility of money supply M1 are caused by GDP, interest rate, inflation and requirement reserves account for 16,64 percent per year. The biggest influence in influencing volatility amount of money supplies ( M1) be from GDP, reserves requirement, interest rate and inflation.


Objective To investigate the association between p16,Rb and Ki-67 expression and high-risk human papilloma virus(HPV) infection in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).Methods p16,Rb,and Ki-67 protein expression was detected in 121 cases of CIN and 36 cases of normal cervical epitheliums by immunohistochemistry;and high-risk HPV infection was detected by in site hybridization.Results The expression of p16,high-risk HPV and Ki-67 was significantly higher in CIN than that of control groups(P0.01);Rb expression was significantly lower in CIN than that of control groups(P0.01);but no significant difference occurred between CIN 2 and CIN 3.Conclusion High-risk HPV infection and p16,Rb,Ki-67 overexpression all play important roles in the carcinogenesis of cervical precancerous lesion,and both p16,Rb and Ki-67 expression are useful markers in diagnosis and staging of CIN.


The algorithm of intensive therapy of children, who have been bitten by snakes, is presented. Inactivation of snake poison, thrombosis reduction, deintoxication, desensitizing and antibacterial therapy have been defined as basic treatment links. Application of the given algorithm has enabled to reduce patients' stay time in the resuscitation department and to improve the treatment forecast.