Stretchable organic solar cells (OSCs) simultaneously possessing high‐efficiency and robust mechanical properties are ideal power generators for the emerging wearable and portable electronics. Herein, after incorporating a low amount of trimethylsiloxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) additive, the intrinsic stretchability of PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F bulk heterojunction (BHJ) film is greatly improved from 5% to 20% strain without sacrificing the photovoltaic performance. The intimate multi‐layers stacking of OSCs is also realized with the transfer printing method assisted by electrical adhesive "glue" D‐Sorbitol. The resultant devices with 84% electrode transmittance exhibit a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.1%, which is among the highest efficiency for intrinsically stretchable OSCs to date. The stretchable OSCs also demonstrate the ultra‐flexibility, stretchability, and mechanical robustness, which keep the PCE almost unchanged at small bending radium of 2 mm for 300 times bending cycles and retain 86.7% PCE under tensile strain as large as 20% for the devices with 70% electrode transmittance. The results provide a universal method to fabricate highly efficient intrinsically stretchable OSCs.


Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have become an excellent candidate for light-converting phosphors. However, it is a challenge to develop white emission CQDs and overcome the agglomeration in the process of solid-state CQDs. Here, white fluorescence CQDs with graphite core structure were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method from 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene and hydrochloric acid. The photoluminescence spectra and surface structure characterization along with UV-Vis absorption spectrum, photoluminescence excitation, and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra together reveal the luminescence of CQDs stems from carbon-oxygen-related surface fluorophores. The principle of solvent similarity compatibility is an effective thought to choose isolating matrix material for the sake of overcoming the agglomeration of CQDs in the process of forming solid film. Solid-state white light emitting device (WLED) was fabricated using the CQDs embedded in polymethyl methacrylate matrix as a single white-light converter excited by a 365 nm UV-LED chip. The fabricated WLED based on CQDs is cold white light source with CIE coordinates (0.3122, 0.3429) and with CCT of 6428 K.


Introduction: With recent improvements to arthroscopic techniques, surgery for rotator cuff tears (RCT) has shifted from open repair to all-arthroscopic repair. Although evidence has not supported improved outcomes with arthroscopic techniques over the open rotator cuff repair, but as expected the incidence of performing open rotator cuff repair decrease from 43.1 to 24.9% from the last decade (USA).1 The all-arthroscopic technique is preferable among shoulder surgeons and has been accepted as the gold standard for the repair of RCT because this approach is minimally invasive and causes less insult to the deltoid muscle, which are believed to reduce postoperative infection and favour rehabilitation. 2, 3 Despite the switch towards all-arthroscopic RCR, open repair is still performed with reliable clinical outcome. In some country setting, the main reason to favor open repair is because of the high cost – utility ratio in which arises from the consumables arthroscopic tools and implants. The second reason is massive retracted RCT or in the case for revision rotator cuff surgery in which non prosthetic arthroplasty is required. We investigated the merit of open versus arthroscopic RCR for large RCT by comparison of the clinical and radiological outcome with propensity matching score technique. Methods: The outcomes of 112 patients who were treated for large, full-thickness, RCT either by open repair or arthroscopic repair were retrospectively reviewed. All patients included in this study were followed-up for at least 18 months and were imaged at a minimum of 12 months after surgery. Propensity score matching was used to select for controls matched by age, sex, body mass index and affected site. The post-operative functional and radiologic outcomes were compared. Radiologic evaluations were performed using 3 T MRI for (1) post-operative rotator cuff integrity, (2) deltoid origin status and, (3) regional acromio-humeral distance which measured at 3 regions of interests of the lateral acromion border (anterior third, middle third and posterior third). Results: The range of motion, muscle strength and functional scores improved postoperatively for both groups. Open group showed higher constant (p=0.012) and ASES score (p=0.047). Arthroscopic group showed better forward elevation (p=0.006) and external rotation (p=0.004) with less postoperative pain compared to open group (p<0.001). Operative time and hospitalization stay were shorter in arthroscopic group (p=0.007 and p<0.001). Re-tear rate was higher in arthroscopic group (25%) than open group (17.9%) without statistical difference (p=0.300). The deltoid origin thickness was significantly greater in the arthroscopic group when measured at the anterior acromion as well as the anterior third and middle third of the lateral border of the acromion. There was no significant difference in deltoid origin thickness at the posterior third of the lateral acromion between groups. Deltoid integrity was significantly better with less scaring in the arthroscopic group. There was no full-thickness deltoid tear in either group. AHD was significantly greater in open group when measured at the anterior third of the lateral acromion border compare to arthroscopic group (p=0.005). Re-tear rate was affected by AHD at the anterior third of lateral border of acromion for arthroscopic and open group (p=0.021, p=0.029). Re-tear rate was affected by AHD at middle third of lateral border of acromion for open group (p=0.046). Conclusions: Open rotator cuff is still warranted at the present day. Both repair technique showed comparable outcome for large size RCT. Open repair has superior functional score with lower re-tear rate while arthroscopic repair has superior ROM improvement, pain relief, shorter operation and hospitalization time. Imaging confirmed that open repair of RCT resulted in less thickness of the deltoid origin, especially at the anterior acromion to the middle third of the lateral acromion border at 12 months after surgery. Careful re-attachment of the deltoid origin is essential for open repair of RCT. Open RCR showed greater AHD at the anterior third of the lateral border of acromion. Regional AHD measured at anterior third of the lateral border of acromion significantly associated with re-tear rate following both open and arthroscopic RCR. Nevertheless, regional AHD measured at middle third of the lateral border of acromion significantly associated only with re-tear rate following open RCR. References Day MA, Westermann RW, Bedard NA, et al. Trends Associated with Open Versus Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair. HSS J 2019; 15: 133-136. 2019/07/23. DOI: 10.1007/s11420-018-9628-2. Snyder SJ. Evaluation and treatment of the rotator cuff. Orthop Clin North Am 1993; 24: 173-192. 1993/01/01. Gartsman GM, Khan M and Hammerman SM. Arthroscopic repair of full-thickness tears of the rotator cuff. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1998; 80: 832-840. 1998/07/09.


In this paper, we will first study the existence and uniqueness of the solution of an inverse problem for a linear equation with non-linear boundary conditions (radiation terms), via an auxiliary problem. Furthermore, a stable numerical algorithm based on the use of the solution to the auxiliary problem as a basis function is proposed. To regularize the resultant ill-conditioned linear system of equations, we apply the Tikhonov regularization method to obtain the stable numerical approximation to the solution. Some numerical experiments confirm the utility of this algorithm as the results are in good agreement with the exact data.


The invention relates to a device for testing voltage time and area of direct current converter valve transductor, which comprises a testing device and a measuring device. The testing device comprises a voltage regulator, a testing transformer connected in parallel between secondary sides of the voltage regulator, and a test piece reactor connected in series on secondary sides of the transformer;the measuring device comprises an oscillograph; a voltage probe of the oscillograph measures the voltage at two ends of the test piece reactor; a current tong probe measures the current flowing through the test piece reactor; and the measured voltage and current waveforms are stored in the oscillograph. According to the waveforms of the voltage and the current, volt-second value of the transductor can be acquired. The device adopts common testing equipment for measurement, has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, no high voltage, simple loop, high repeatability, and reliable and stable measuring equipment. The device adopts the oscillograph, the low-voltage probe and the high-current tong probe; because measure is performed under power frequency, the oscillograph and the voltage and the current probes easily meet the measuring requirements; and the acquired testing data and waveforms can really reflect the characteristic variation.


The introduction of consumer and producer confidence in the Consumption-based Capital Asset Pricing Model (CCAPM) can materially alter the equilibrium levels of real output, prices of goods/services, and security returns within a rational expectations equilibrium framework. Our main result is that the one-factor CCAPM becomes a more complex, multiple factor model when confidence is included. In addition to confidence, the key factors affecting security returns are monetary and fiscal policies, as well as the long run equilibrium growth rate of the economy. Numerical and empirical exercises exploring the dynamics of the model suggest that the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies, as well as the required return on risky securities, be predicated on the level of confidence. The model attempts to bridge the gap between traditional rational asset pricing models and more recent attempts to develop "behavioral" financial models. Several empirically testable hypotheses of the model are also proposed. This paper reviews the role that consumer and producer confidence can play in the macroeconomy and financial markets. This topic is particularly salient given the recent discussion by economists, investors, and journalists about the Federal Reserve Chairman's comments concerning the possible presence of "irrational exuberance" in the financial markets. Near-record levels of consumer confidence and the debate on whether a "New Economy" driven by technological innovation exists in the U.S. have also fueled discussion of the role of confidence in the economy and security markets. To address the role of confidence in these areas, we develop a rational expectations equilibrium model that explicitly includes the effects of consumer and producer confidence. This macroeconomic model is then linked to a well-known model of financial asset pricing (the Consumption-based Capital Asset Pricing Model, or CCAPM, of Breeden, 1979) in an attempt to provide a more detailed, multiple factor, description of the relation between risk and return in the financial markets. Recent empirical results of the CCAPM in Lettau and Ludvigson (2000) suggest the explanatory power of this model can be improved greatly when it is cast in terms of conditional expectations of security returns. Our paper explores how the level of confidence among important economic agents such as producers and consumers can affect the rational expectations equilibria in both the goods and security markets. In the context of Lettau and Ludvigson (2000), our paper can provide a detailed theoretical rationale for the conditioning process Lettau and Ludvigson use to improve the CCAPM's explanatory power. Namely, their conditioning variable can be viewed as a proxy for consumer and producer confidence in our framework. The role of consumer/producer confidence (sometimes referred to as sentiment) has been studied in the economics literature on an intermittent basis. Pioneering work in the construction of consumer sentiment indexes at the University of Michigan by Katona during 1945-1955 spurred initial interest in the economic role of confidence. Early statistical work by Katona and his colleagues showed that the indexes were able to improve the explanatory power of models designed to predict changes in aggregate economic factors such as consumer durable goods purchases. However, empirical research in the late 1950s and early 1960s cast doubt on the earlier results of Katona. Several papers during this time period indicated consumer sentiment added little explanatory power beyond that which was available from "more objective" data such as past durable goods purchases and current stock price levels. With the results of this later research, most economists shifted their research focus to other topics. It was not until the early 1990s that significant interest was renewed in the role of


Throughout, we shall assume that p(t), p'(t) and q(t) are continuous, and p(t), q(t) are bounded and do not change sign on [a, oo), a_O. Two theorems are provided here, and the techniques used are similar to ones used by Lazer [3 ], Svec [4] and Zlamal [5] in previous studies of this differential equation. The proofs are based on the following three lemmas. The first lemma is the result due to E. Esclangon [2] (for another source see [I ]) and the other two lemmas are elementary and will not be proved here.


AIM To demonstrate the feasibility of the wearable smart glasses, PicoLinker, in guide wire insertion under fluoroscopic guidance. METHODS Under a fluoroscope, a surgeon inserted 3 mm guide wires into plastic femurs from the lateral cortex to the femoral head center while the surgeon did or did not wear PicoLinker, which are wearable smart glasses where the fluoroscopic video was displayed (10 guide wires each). RESULTS The tip apex distance, radiation exposure time and total insertion time were significantly shorter while wearing the PicoLinker smart glasses. CONCLUSION This study indicated that the PicoLinker smart glasses can improve accuracy, reduce radiation exposure time, and reduce total insertion time. This is due to the fact that the PicoLinker smart glasses enable surgeons to keep their eyes on the operation field.


To study the effect of postexposure vaccination, four chimpanzees were vaccinated with hepatitis B (HB) vaccine 4, 8, 48, and 72 hr, respectively, after intravenous injection of an infectious hepatitis B virus (HBV) inoculum. The second and third vaccine inoculations were given 2 and 6 weeks later, i.e., at considerably shorter intervals than recommended either for ordinary prophylactic vaccination or for postexposure vaccination in combination with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG).


Warmest thanks to Arkadev and Toniann for telling the fascinating story of set disjointness. Upcoming guest articles in this column include Marius Zimand on Kolmogorov complexity extraction, Madhu Sudan on invariance in property testing, and John Watrous (topic TBA). As this issue arrives in mailboxes, a new academic year will be starting. I wish each of you a year of exciting advances.


Abstract Waste heat recovery and reuse is a strategic approach, followed by several process industries to reduce their net energy requirement, as this would translate ultimately into reduced operating costs of the plant. Cement manufacture is an energy-intensive activity and since long, efforts were focused on means to reduce the energy demand of this industry. Dry route process, addition of precalcinator and use of suspension preheater (SP) system were the major process modifications that resulted in considerable reduction in the net specific energy requirement, which stands at present at ∼3350 kJ/kg cement clinker. This coupled with the recovered waste heat represents the total heat requirement of cement manufacture. It is estimated that 75% of the total heat recovery happens in the vertical transport duct (riser) of the SP system alone. Literature sources provided only sketchy details of the SP system, prompting the present study of hydrodynamics in a laboratory experimental setup that is close, in its features, to the industrial riser. The materials investigated are air–sand and air–limestone, the solids taken in different particle sizes. In the range of parameters studied, pressure drop increased with increase in gas velocity, particle size, solid feed rate, or material density. The acceleration length varied over the range of 32–61% of the test section length. Further, the data are consolidated into an empirical equation, for acceleration length (LA), that reads as . It is believed that a study of this nature will help adoption of this mechanism to reclaim waste heat in diverse other industries.


Introduction: Transplant is the replacement with therapeutic purposes, of organs, tissues or cellular material for others, from a donor who is usually a human, alive or dead. In recent years, transplant organs have been developed by the advances that have occurred with immunosuppressive drugs and medical-surgical technology. Due to the frequency of transplants that are performed today, it is common to find these patients in dental clinics. Objectives: To review the literature on oral manifestations in transplant patients and general dental management and according to transplant organs (heart, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas and bone marrow). Material and Methods: For the literature review, we carried out a search in Pubmed / Medline database using limits and keywords according to the controlled vocabulary "Medical Subject Headings" (MeSH). We obtained a total of 30 articles (eight literature reviews, three randomized clinical trials, one cohort study, three case-control studies, eight clinical case series and seven cross-sectional studies). Results and discussion: We describe the most common oral manifestations in transplant patients (viral, bacterial and fungal infections, gingival enlargement secondary to drug therapy and higher risk in the development of oral malignancy) and the special dental management that should be carried out on these patients, generally and specifically according to the type of transplant.


In order to suppress the very fast transient overvoltage( VFTO) caused by switching operation in GIS substation,a simulation model based on electromagnetic transient simulation software ATP-EMTP was built,and a VFTO suppression method which used overhead line to connect GIS output bus bushing and main transformer was also proposed. Owing to the larger geometrical inductance in overhead line per unit length and the corona of overhead line,VFTO amplitude and wave-head steepness were suppressed,and the safe operation of GIS substation was guaranteed. Simulation results showed that,with about 20 m overhead line,the VFTO wave-head steepness could be suppressed in the allowed range. The suppression method has a great practical application value.


The purpose of this study is to assess whether MHC class I-presented tumor antigen is appraisable for T-cell responses against ovarian cancer. In ovarian cancer cell, human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2) associated with peptides was used to promote the activation of naive T cells so as to activate antigen-specific T cells. 7 or 4 patients were observed grade 1 or 2 injection site reactions, respectively. 5, 2 or 1 patients were observed grade 1, 2 or 3 pain reactions, respectively. 4 or 1 patients were observed grade 1 or 2 induration reactions. Total number mean value of patients experiencing response to the particular peptide was 7.73, and total number mean value of peptides to which the patients responded was 7.45. MHC class I-presented tumor antigen is appraisable for T-cell responses against ovarian cancer in China.


Significance The hydrogen atom transfer reactions are ubiquitous in chemical and biological processes; therefore, heavy–light–heavy (HLH) reactions are of great practical importance and chemically interesting. This joint experimental and theoretical study not only shows the existence of HLH reactivity oscillation in a bimolecular reaction, but also rationalizes why such an HLH oscillation can be observed in polyatomic reactions, but not in triatomic reactions. In addition, our study represents an important progress in the dynamics study of chemical reaction with quantum differential cross-sections calculated accurately and good agreement with experiment obtained for a chemical reaction involving more than four atoms. It has long been predicted that oscillatory behavior exists in reactivity as a function of collision energy for heavy–light–heavy (HLH) chemical reactions in which a light atom is transferred between two heavy atoms or groups of atoms, but direct observation of such a behavior in bimolecular reactions remains a challenge. Here we report a joint theoretical and crossed-molecular-beam study on the Cl + CH4 → HCl + CH3 reaction. A distinctive peak at a collision energy of 0.15 eV for the CH3(v = 0) product was experimentally detected in the backward scattering direction. Detailed quantum-dynamics calculations on a highly accurate potential energy surface revealed that this feature originates from the reactivity oscillation in this HLH polyatomic reaction. We anticipate that such reactivity oscillations exist in many HLH reactions involving polyatomic reagents.


Objective To analyze the clinical characteristicss,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of nongestational ovarian choriocarcinom.Methods Retrospective analysis was done on 21 cases of nongestational ovarian choriocarcinoma treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1985 to October 2008.Twenty of them were diagnosed by the histopathology examination,and 3 of them were confirmed their nongestational origin by DNA polymorphism analysis at 12 short tandem repeat loci.Results Correct diagnosis at the first administration was achieved in only 3 cases.All cases received standard multiple-drug combined chemotherapy as well as operation.The mean courses of chemotherapy for each patient were 10.Of the 21 cases,complete remission was obtained in 15,partial remission in 5,and 1 died.In a median follow-up of 71.4 months,the 5-year overall survival rate was 79.4%.Conclusion The early diagnosis of nongestational ovarian choriocarcinoma is expected to be improved.Detection of polymorphism of microsatellite is a useful tool in determining the origin of ovarian choriocarcinoma.Optimal prognosis can be gained for the patients after treatment by standard combination chemotherapy as well as operation.


The paper describes a general approach for processing data from a guided wave transducer array on a plate‐like structure. It is shown that improvements in resolution are obtained at the expense of sensitivity to noise. A method of quantifying this sensitivity is presented. Experimental data obtained from a guided wave array containing electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT) elements for exciting and detecting the S0 Lamb wave mode in a 5‐mm thick aluminium plate are processed with different algorithms and the results are discussed. Generalization of the technique for the case of multimode media is suggested.


The document describes a transparent cell transport service that makes use of the "N-to-one" cell relay mode for Pseudowire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Asynchronous Transfer-Mode (ATM) cell encapsulation.


Active power filter deadbeat control is a whole digital PWM technique based on predictive control. Fast dynamic response, simple implementation by computer and predictable changing trend of harmonic current are advantages of deadbeat control of active power filter. However, the long computing delay caused by complex arithmetic influences the compensation effect. And the active power filter beat control also has the same defect. In the process of computing the three-phase shunt active power filter, 32 times addition and 33 times multiplication are only needed in each control cycle at least. This paper optimizes predictive control objective function of shunt active power filter to conquer the above defect. An improved beat control algorithm is presented and the feasibility is proved by computer simulation. When we use this algorithm to realize the control of three-phase active power filter, the computation complexity reduces obviously comparing to the traditional beat control method. In each control cycle, we only need operate 12 times addition and 5 times multiplication. The addition computational complexity is about 38 percent of the traditional algorithm while the multiplication is about 15 percent. The simulation results indicate that the improved beat control algorithm and the traditional algorithms have very similar control precision. And the improved beat control can reduce hardware requirements and increase the digital degree. So the improved beat control can replace the traditional algorithms completely that makes the engineering realization easier. Consequently, the beat control algorithm of single-phase shunt active power filter can also be improved similarly. Combined with harmonic measuring prediction, it can realize simplification of deadbeat control.


The authors conducted experiments at the Rain-Sea Interaction Facility at Wallops Island to investigate the relationship between scatterometer returns and rain intensity. These data were obtained with 2.8 mm diameter drops that impact a water surface at terminal velocity. The conditions ranged from 5 to 200 mm hr/sup -1/ rain rate (R). Scatterometer returns (NRC) were obtained from a 13.5 GHz scat with vertical polarization and at 30 degrees incidence angle. For this broad range of rain rates, the data show a departure from the linear relationship that was developed for light rains (<30 mm hr/sup -1/) by Bliven et al. (1993). For this extended range of rainfall rates, the relationship between NCR and R is much better modeled by a square-root dependence.


The present invention is a fin field effect transistor memory cell (200), a method of manufacturing a fin field effect transistor memory cell array and a fin field effect transistor memory cell. Fin field effect transistor memory cell (200) includes a first source / drain region (201) and a second source / drain region (202), and a gate region. Memory cell (200) further comprises a semiconductor fin (204) having a channel region between the first source / drain region (201) and the second source / drain region (202), at least a portion has a charge accumulation layer formed is formed on the gate region (207, 208). On at least a partial area of the charge accumulation layer, the word line region (205, 206) are formed. The application of a predetermined potential to the fin field effect transistor cells, can be selectively released from the injection or charge accumulating layer to the charge storage layer charge carriers.


Abstract Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) differs from other forms of AR by allowing the projection of digital images onto a model. This allows the AR to be more tangible and for interaction to be more realistic. The scale of the model plays a role in the realism but may be constrained by technical factors. This study attempts to understand the influence scale has on a design session by analysing the concept generation process, the ease of designing and the design behaviour. Understanding how these factors are influenced by the model scale betters the understanding of how SAR can influence design.


The invention discloses an intelligent energy warping-resistance tensile composite cable and a production process. The intelligent energy warping-resistance tensile composite cable comprises a reinforcement core, cable cores, edge gap fillers, a third polytetrafluoroethylene belt and a sheath, wherein the cable cores comprise two signal transmission cable cores, four power cable cores, nine control cable cores and two power line cable cores, each three of the nine control cable cores are twisted to form a control cable core unit, the nine control cable cores are twisted to form three control cable core units in total, the two power line cable cores are twisted to form a power line cable core unit, the two signal transmission cable core, the four power cable cores, the three control cable core units and the power line cable core unit are respectively arranged outside the reinforcement core, the edge gap fillers are filled between the reinforcement core and the cable core, and the third polytetrafluoroethylene belt and the sheath sequentially wrap the reinforcement core. In the cable, the cable cores are tangentially arranged outside the reinforcement core and the edge gap fillers, each cable core bears uniformly stress, and the warping strength of the cable is effectively improved.


A Good Shepherd and Bureaucrat or: What Makes a Good Bishop?
Elite Recruitment as the Purpose of Roman Administrative Reform in the Late 17th Century
Religious reforms characterized the Italian episcopacy during the 18th century. This article aims to show that these reforms were not so much driven by ideational issues but were the result of a lasting administrative reform. In 1676, Innocent XI had started a comprehensive process of bureaucratisation in the Roman Curia with the help of his auditor Giovanni Battista de Luca. Within this larger process, the pope appointed de Luca secretary of a new congregation that was supposed to select the most suitable candidates for Italian episcopal sees. Although this congregation was entitled to make decisions only in a few minor cases (since, in most Italian territories, the pope did not choose the new bishops) and although it worked only for about four years, it achieved long-term success. On the one hand, de Luca developed procedures that provided a permanent boost to the bureaucratisation process; on the other hand, he presented this new policy to a broad readership through his books. However, he did not describe his reforms as innovations but as a reconfiguration of the bureaucratic status quo in the Curia.


"Nothing in Sartor Resartus is fact," says Carlyle; "symbolical myth all .... '" That seems sufficient justification for examining the structure and meaning of the work in terms of mythical design as well as in terms of philosophy or biography? Carlyle himself gives the reader a characteristic nudge: "Apart from its multifarious sections and subdivisions," he says, "the Work naturally falls into two Parts; a Historical-Descriptive, and a Philosophical-Speculative: but falls, unhappily, by no firm line of demarcation; in that labyrinthic combination, each Part overlaps, and indents, and indeed runs quite through the other" (34)8 Taine takes a less charitable view; his Gallic love of order outraged by such a spectacle, he protests as many another reader has protested, that "the symmetrical constructions of human art and thought, dispersed and upset, are piled under his hands into a vast mass of shapeless ruins, from the top of which he gesticulates and fights, like a conquering savage.'" Carlyle, of course, has ironically built such criticisms of his "one scarcely pardonable fault ... an almost total want of arrangement" (34) into his own book. "Our Professor," says his earnest English editor, "like other Mystics, whether delirious or inspired, gives an Editor enough to do" C70. The apparently confused structure and chaotic jumble of ideas and experiences in Sartor, however, are a true symbolic reRection of the world, an objectification of the problems Teufelsdrockh, or mankind, faces and which he must understand in order to feel that he bears any significant relationship to it. As Carlyle sees them, the symmetrical constructions of human art and thought are indeed falling into shapeless ruins: "In our age of Down-pulling and Disbelief," he says, "the very Devil has been pulled down, you cannot so much as believe in a Devil" (164). The tortuous narrative structure of Sartor Resartus is deliberate. By means of its complicated technique Ca Scottish author creating an English editor to arrange the chaotic papers and biography of a mystical, pedantic, infinitely-muddled German "Professor of Things in General")


To improve the detection performance of the binary integrator detector (M out of N detector or M/N detector for short) when the spatial scattering density is sparse, the M out of N detector based on scattering density (BSD-M/N) is proposed. First of all, the average false alarm probability and the average detection probability are obtained. And then, the relationship between the detection performance of the proposed detector and the second threshold M is analyzed for different spatial scattering density and different clutter power levels. Moreover the expression of calculating the optimum M is given. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed detector outperforms the M/N detector when the spatial scattering density is sparse.


The mineral asset abuse assumes a significant function in monetary turn of events, yet it additionally causes numerous natural issues, particularly environmental issue. In coal mining, so as to accomplish feasible utilization of these assets, we should give exceptional consideration to eco-ecological insurance. This article first quickly presented the current status of natural designing effect evaluation and afterward talked about the time viability of appraisal through the investigation of its present status, utilizing ecological security check and acknowledgment in coal mining ventures. The creators consider that one-time evaluation of ecological effect on the coal tasks and "three synchronous" acknowledgment of the coal ventures executed in china as of now isn't sensible.


Original scientific paper The university student population has been regarded as one of the most susceptible to developing Internet addiction among all demographic groups of Internet users. This paper reports the findings obtained from a focus group study conducted among 8 undergraduate students on the issue of Internet addiction. Data and insights were sought from the undergraduates regarding their Internet use patterns as well as their response to the Generalized Problematic Internet Usage Scale 2 (GPIUS2). Findings revealed that Internet use patterns have changed in recent times and that the GPIUS2 is an appropriate measurement tool for Internet addiction among students. Other implications from the findings are duly discussed in this paper.


The proposed technology of financing enterprises and the Russian economy, harmoniously combining the interests of working citizens, owners and the state, makes it possible, at quite achievable rates of gross domestic product growth (enterprise revenue) by 3.5% per year, to ensure a 46.6% increase in wages of working citizens over 5 years, which will practically end poverty. To increase contributions to the development fund for 5 years by 25%, which the owners of enterprises and the entire workforce are interested in, since this ensures the growth of their incomes and the possibility of constant modernization and updating of technological equipment and the release of new competitive products. Increase in 5 years (despite a gradual decrease to 14.51% of contributions to the Pension Fund RF) the amount of funds received by budgets of all levels by 22%, which will allow the state to solve many social problems.


Abstract This commentary is an update to an article in an earlier issue of Transnational Environmental Law (E. Couzens, 'Size Matters, Although It Shouldn't: The IWC and Small Cetaceans. A Reply to Stephenson, Mooers and Attaran' (2014) 3(2) Transnational Environmental Law, pp. 265–78) on the treatment of small cetaceans by the International Whaling Commission (IWC). That article discussed an unsuccessful proposal submitted by Monaco, at the 64th meeting of the IWC in 2012, for a resolution on highly migratory cetaceans. Monaco renewed its proposal in 2014 and, on that occasion, did generate sufficient support for a resolution to give contracting parties to the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling a mandate to initiate debate over small cetaceans in other fora. Following this IWC Resolution, in December 2015, the United Nations General Assembly included a clause proposed by Monaco in its Resolution on Oceans and the Law of the Sea. The nature of international law is such that it is difficult to force change without upsetting a delicate equilibrium. Monaco's initiative, however, may provide significant momentum towards a solution for what remains the real and under-acknowledged problem that there is virtually no international law applicable to small and/or highly migratory cetaceans.


The paper presents a relational model Λ_m=Λ0_m-αC+βC for determining the molar conductivity and limiting molar conductivity of strong electrolytes below the concentration 0.1000 mol·L -1 based on the experimental data of strong electrolytes molar conductivity.The relational model was used for calculating 89 strong electrolytes and week electrolytes,such as HAc,NH_3·H_2O and n-HOOCC_3H_7,with a good agreement to the theoretic results and the population error is lower than that calculated by the Kohlrausch empirical equation. The modified relational model simplifies the experimental data procession, and the results are more exact and reliable.


The antibiosis mechanism of resistance to Nilaparvata lugens was studied by the nymphal survival, nymphal developmental period and growth index of nymphs. The mean nymphal survival was the lowest on ADT 45 (42.0%) followed by ASD 7 (43.0%) and ARC 10550 (44.0%). The overall mean nymphal developmental period was the highest on ARC 10550 (20.2 days) which was 8.27 days higher than TN 1. The growth index of BPH was low on ARC 10550, ARC 66540 W 1263 and KAU 1661.


Studies of sex differences in fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements have shown that in comparison with men, angiographic lesions of similar visual severity are less likely to be ischemia producing in women. Gender specific differences may influence revascularization decision making and prognosis after deferred revascularization following FFR measurement.

 This study sought to investigate the gender difference in long-term prognosis of patients of deferred revascularization following FFR assessment.

 A total of 879 patients (879 vessels) with deferred revascularization with FFR >0.75 who underwent FFR and CFR measurements were enrolled from 3 countries (Korea, Japan, and Spain). Long-term outcomes were assessed in 649 men and 230 women by the patient-oriented composite outcome (POCO, a composite of any death, any myocardial infarction [MI], and any revascularization). We applied inverse-probability weighting (IPW) based on propensity scores to account for differences at baseline between women and men (age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, lesion location, clinical status, FFR, Reference diameter, Diameter stenosis, lesion length). The median follow-up duration was 1855 days (745–1855 days).

 Median FFR values were 0.88 (0.83–0.93) in men and 0.89 (0.85–0.94) in women, respectively. The occurrences of POCO were significantly high in men compared with that in women (10.5% vs 4.2%, P=0.007). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that women had a significantly lower risk of POCO (χ2=7.2, P=0.007). Multivariate COX regression analysis revealed that age, male, diabetes mellitus, diameter stenosis, lesion length, and coronary flow reserve were independent predictors of POCO. After applying IPW, the hazard ratio of male for POCO was 2.20 (95% confidence interval: 1.12 to 4.33, P=0.023).

 This large multinational study reveals that long-term outcome differs between women and men in favour of women after FFR-guided revascularization deferral.

 None


Within the frameworks of IEC/TC90 and VAMAS/TWA16 investigations have been initiated to establish a measurement guide for the determination of stress versus strain tensile properties of superconducting Nb3Sn wires of different designs. The main focus of this task was to develop a methodology to determine the correct elastic Young's modulus, necessary for further wire qualification. To overcome the difficulty of the Young's modulus determination with standard extensometers a procedure has been developed that uses the unloading compliance curves of several loading unloading cycles beyond the gross elastic limit. These unloading curves were analyzed to find a linear region, which is representative of the Young's modulus value obtained from the zero offset line slope of the stress versus strain curve. The evaluation of the slopes at the vicinity of each unloading regime resulted in a set of virtual Young's modulus data. The procedure has been investigated for different wires at ambient temperature and also fi...


1. The imaging with hard, high-energy radiation provides a fundamental challenge because of their penetrating properties. Unlike in optical systems for visible light individual beams must be hidden their direction targeted to then so to assemble a picture. For this purpose, an aperture system is presented, which so directs a beam having a core component in constant rotation, so that an image area can be scanned. A system may include, for example, more than one detector to hide multiple beams simultaneously. The efficiency of imaging is thus improved by various design options of a detector and an effective, based on simple principles Control Panel. 2. the characteristics of a cylindrical-shaped aperture (200) will be described here with a slot following in its design of a ruled surface. With a rotation around the longitudinal axis one after the beams are transmitted through the aperture, which are directed to a focal point, in which a radiation source for a specific irradiation or at which a detector may be located to the radiation registration. There are proposed several design possibilities of such a detector. The position of the focal point can be changed real or virtual, so as to direct the beam blanked so that not only a track but a closed surface may be scanned. 3. Since high-energy radiation from both existing radioactive isotopes proceeds as is also used for the non-destructive insight into objects, there is an abundance of application fields. These services range from non-destructive testing, medical science, nuclear technology, the protection of public safety and radiation protection in the environment, wherever spotlight identified, located and mapped, or want to track.


A new spectrum signaling technique is suggested. The new system may be implemented with very low complexity and is capable of using a mixture of analog and digital electronics. Communications synchronization is also simplified. The new signaling technique has potential for many uses including multiple access for wireless local area networking.


In this paper, we suggest tree-structure-aware GP (Genetic Programming) operators that heed tree distributions in structure space and their possible structural difficulties. The main idea of the proposed GP operators is to place the generated offspring of crossover and/or mutation in a specified region of tree structure space insofar as possible by biasing the tree structures of the altered subtrees, taking into account the observation that most solutions are found in that region. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, experiments on the binomial-3 regression, multiplexor and even parity problems are performed. The results show that the results using the proposed tree-structure-aware operators are superior to the results of standard GP for all three test problems in both success rate and number of evaluations.


In the military sector, the adage according to which knowledge reinforces power depends on the capacity of such a power to appropriate and then to protect the scientific and technical knowledge. Industrial property rights are not adapted to the norms of military research. This is why, along history, secrecy has played the role of mediator in the relation between science and war. In the course of the XXth century, the notion of Invention Secrecy has been introduced in law and the number of Secrecy Orders has grown. During the cold war, the partitioning of the civil and the military sectors has been a mean to extend Secrecy beyond the military sector in order to include all national research which is potentially, as explained by J.D. Bernal in 1936, war research. Added to the introduction of the rules of markets in the functioning and the management of national research, this growing place of Secrecy can be at the origin of the slowing down of the rhythm of technical progress and of a misallocation of resources.


The Tuscarora Sandstone (Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian) forms part of the Martinsburg-Shawangunk clastic wedge, which represents the fill of a peripheral foredeep formed during the Taconic orogeny in the central Appalachians. The Tuscarora Sandstone is split into the lower Tuscarora Sandstone (LT) and the upper Tuscarora Sandstone (UT) by the regional Tuscarora Unconformity (TU). The TU formed by isostatic basin rebound during a lull in Taconic compressional tectonism. The LT interfingers with red beds of the upper Juniata Fm., and caps a coarsening-upward trend which commenced within the Martinsburg Fm. The LT is dominated by high-angle cross-stratified sandstone with arthrophycus, Planolites, Cruziana, and abundant Rusophycus, Monocraterion, and Skolithos traces. The coarser-grained sandstone beds represent subaqueous dunes deposited in a storm-dominated shallow-marine environment. Interbedded mudstone represents fairweather deposits. Present-day distribution and thickness of the LT is governed by original depositional geometry and by erosional removal beneath the TU. The UT is bounded at its base by the TU and at its top by a marine flooding surface marking the onset of deposition of the Rose Hill Formation. The UT is composed of: (1) basal, cross-stratified, gravelly sandstone representing uppermost upper shoreface deposits; (2) high-angle cross-stratified sandstone representing storm-enhanced rip-current deposits of themore » upper shoreface; (3) hummocky cross-stratified sandstone representing storm deposits of the middle and lower shoreface; (4) dark-colored fine-grained mudstone to sandstone representing fairweather deposits of the upper shoreface. The storm-dominated shoreface deposits of the UT constitute a retrogradational parasequence formed during a tectonically induced relative sea-level rise. To the southwest of Wytheville, VA, the TU and LT disappear, and the white quartzarenite is more appropriately designated as Clinch Sandstone.« less


GEM Beijing 2011: International Workshop on Gravity, Electrical & Magnetic Methods and Their Applications Beijing, China. October 10-13, 2011. Forward modeling of the threedimensional integral equation based on Born approximation Ronghui Xue Qingyun Di 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 2 Graduate School of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China


In the present investigation,measurement of leukocyte chemiluminescence (CL) wasundertaken using micro-whole blood assay in 76 patients with coronary heart diseases (CHDs).The findings showed that there was a significant increase in leukocyte CL in patients with un-stable angina pectoris (UAP) and acute myocardial infarction (AM1) (P<0.01) and the in-crease was greater in AMI than that in UAP (P<0,01).It was found that leukocyte CL inAMI was correlated with the extent of the infarct and increased with the size of the infarct.Leukocyte CL in AMI patients who had received fibrinolytic treatment was markedly greaterthan that before treatment (P<0.05),suggesting that leukocytes may play an important rolein the pathogenesis of CHDs and may be involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced in-jury.The findings of the present study demonstrate that measurement of leukocyte CL may beof benefits for prognosis and treatment of CHDs.


In this study,bulbs and leaves of grape hyacinthus orientalis "Cantat" were used for explants,a high-frequency regeneration system by plant tissue culture was established,the experiment about antibiotic sensitivities were conducted,and a stably-performing and high-efficiency acceptor system for the gene transformation of grape hyacinthus orientalis leaves were established.The results showed abundant callus could be induced from the bulbs and leaves of grape hyacinthus orientalis explants.The optimum medium for inducing callus from leaves was MS+0.6 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.1mg/L 6-BA,and its induction frequency could reach 100%;the combination of MS+3.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.3 mg/L 6-BA was the appropriate medium for bulbs forming callus with the induction rate 91.2%.The best medium for inducing adventitious buds from callus was MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA +0.1 mg/L NAA.The medium of 1/2 MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA +0.1% AC was suitable for rooting.What's more,the concentrations of the antibiotics of test-tube plantlets in their cultures were also determined;the quality concentration of kanamycin was 60 mg/L and the quality concentration of carbenicillin was 300 mg/L.


Abstract Distributions associated with ages at onset of the first episode of an all-or-none phenomenon are often referred as "age of onset distributions". At least two kinds of such distributions have to be distinguished: (i) the incidence (or 'crude') onset distribution giving the probability that a newborn individual will actually experience onset before age x, and (ii) the waiting time onset distribution representing an individual's chance of having onset before age x, supposing he lives so long. Theoretical bases for derivation of these probability functions are similar to those in competing risks (Section 2). Using nonparametric approach, the onset distributions can be expressed in terms of multiple decrement life tables. The techniques for constructing these tables usually involve data on both deaths among those who have not, and those who have experienced onset. Our methods (Sections 3–5) do not require these data; they are based on a population life table together with incidence and prevalence dat...


Most nosocomial infections are caused by opportunistic bacteria, which are part of the normal microbiota of the human body. Particularly troublesome to the compromised host are the antibiotic-resistant strains of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in particular has been the subject of many policies and protocols devised to control its spread in hospitals and nursing homes. "High morbidity and mortality [are] associated with hospital acquired MRSA in the compromised host. The major route of spread within institutions is thought to be via the hands of staff, usually associated with inadequate handwashing."


Habitat degradation, organismal needs, and other effects influencing freshwater mussel declines have been subject to intense focus by conservationists for the last thirty plus years. While researchers have studied the physical habitat requirements and needs of mussels in small- to medium-sized rivers with variable levels of success, less research has been conducted on mussel habitat in larger non-wadeable rivers, especially at the reach scale, where core flow environmental conditions provide and maintain habitat for freshwater mussels. We designed a quasi-experimental observational field study to examine seven hydrologic energy and material variables laterally and longitudinally at Current and Extirpated mussel bed habitat reaches in lower White River, Arkansas, a large non-wadeable, sand-bed-material-dominated river. As expected, lateral and longitudinal hydrologic variable differences were identified within a reach. Mean velocity, bed velocity, the Froude number, and stream power were all significantly lower at Current mussel bed habitat stations within a sampling reach. Energy regime differences in shear stress and, marginally, stream power were higher at Extirpated mussel bed habitat reaches. Several factors emerged as important to mussel habitat in the White River. First, bed velocity warrants further exploration in terms of both flow strength and flow direction. Second, bedload appears to be the primary contributor to mussel habitat but requires additional exploration within the context of core and secondary flow pathway interactions. The combined empirical evidence from our study supports the flow refugium concept identified for mussel habitats in smaller systems but expands the concept to large non-wadeable streams and includes reach-scale refuge from sediment transport conditions.


Lipases are one of the widely used groups of enzymes in food, detergent, cosmetics, organic solvents and pharmaceutical industry as they catalyse the hydrolysis of the triacylgylcerols into its simpler compounds. Lipases are involved in the process of transesterification which helps in the production of bio-fuel. These enzymes are having an increasing impact on bioprocessing industry. Here an attempt has been made to extract the enzyme from various varieties of seaweeds from the coastal area of Covelong and Pulicat Lake, Chennai, Tamilnadu. The protein precipitation was compared using three methods and the partial purification of lipase from species such as Enteromorpha intestinalis, Enteromorpha clathrata, Gracilaria edulis, and Ulva lactuca was carried out by size exclusion chromatography. The protein estimation showed highest concentration in E. intestinalis (117µg/ml) and lowest in U.lactuca (87µg/ml). E.intestinalis showed the highest lipase activity among all i.e. 0.123meq/min/g with castor oil as a substrate. As these samples are available in bulk quantities nearby coastal area so they were selected for this process as a source of enzymes.


Atrial fibrillation(AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in the clinical setting.It has a high rate of morbidity and mortality.In recent years an increasing number of clinical studies have shown that interleukin is involved in the occurrence and duration of AF.The incidence and duration of AF is closely related to interleukin and its genotypes.This article illustrates the relationship between AF,the interleukin gene,and the correlations between the two.


Objective To improve the success rate of integrated catheter puncture of elder patient.Methods 100 patients between aged 65 to 85 years old,who hade been treated by integrated catheter puncture from Feb 2007 to Dec 2008,were randirnly devided into an experimental group (63) and a contral group (37).For experimental group,nurses were systematically trained before treating;but no in contral group.Results there exist great differences in the success rate of puncture and the degree of satisaction between two groups.Conclusions The systematically training of nurses plays an important role in improving the success rate of integrated catheter puncture among elderly patients'.


The timing of this special issue of AJOB probing whether public engagement (PE) might help achieve equity in genomics is no coincidence. While many issues discussed by the authors are not entirely new (e.g., Dobzhansky 1962), they are brought to the fore by a series of recent scientific advances and societal changes that have fed upon each other. Advances in genetic and genomic technologies have brought about a million-fold reduction in the cost of producing complete genome sequences. These advances are intertwined with the implementation of powerful computational methods; expanded data sharing policies; integration of genomic information in health care; and direct-to-consumer genetic services, most prominently, tests that combine health, ancestry, and other traits. The sharing of information (and disinformation) broadly through social media has produced a public that is increasingly aware about genetic and genomic sciences. The prominent profile of genetic science is coterminous with current events that have brought issues surrounding the past, racism, and structural inequities into living rooms. This convergence has prompted those in bioethics and genomics to examine how their intersecting fields have actively promoted "science" that has played a role in maintaining and expanding inequities. Recent statements from professional societies acknowledge and apologize for harmful behaviors (Rotimi 2023; Jackson et al. 2023; Williams and Muenke 2021; Gregg 2020). Endeavors such as the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) History of Genomics Program are also bringing to light scholarship that deeply interrogates the historical legacies of eugenics and scientific racism and their present-day manifestations. To be clear: These are not merely exercises in looking back. Inequities remain readily apparent in genomics and precision medicine today, from a persistent lack of diverse representation in data repositories (Wojcik et al. 2019), to a workforce that does not reflect the demographics of our United States population, to concerns about access to costly emerging gene editing interventions (Bonham and Smilan 2018– 2019). Disrupting these legacies of injustice requires nothing less than a sustained all-hands-on-deck effort to "refocus on equitable access to the benefits of scientific knowledge" (Sabatello et al. 2021, 59). As to a way forward, at least for biomedical research, a recent report from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) tackles the issue of how we use population descriptors in genomics research. In addition to recommending the careful selection of a more expansive but tailored series of descriptors to move beyond race, this panel addresses the role of participants and communities. They recommend that researchers "work in ongoing partnerships with study participants and community experts to integrate the perspectives of the relevant communities and to inform the selection and use of population descriptors" (NASEM 2023, 109). The report cites equity and justice among the guiding principles that this recommendation supports, insofar as engaging communities helps researchers "to avoid reproducing hierarchical thinking and to consider biases that may produce inequities" (NASEM 2023, 110).


Integrating cyber, physical, and social spaces together, cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS) bring more conveniences to humans. For practical applications and user convenience, it is essential that the Big Data produced in CPSS be stored in the distributed storage systems of CPSS. In this paper, we study the fault tolerance scheme for distributed storage systems of CPSS, and propose a framework that can recover multiple failed nodes simultaneously. Considering the reliability of storage nodes in distributed storage systems, the research on locally repairable codes has mostly focused on repairing failed nodes within each repair group. However, when entire repair groups have failed, existing locally repairable codes cannot repair more than one failed group. In this paper, local codes with cooperative repair that can recover more than one failed group are proposed. Specifically, the proposed local codes are constructed based on minimum storage regenerating (MSR) codes, and have an interleaving structure among the local codes, so that the parity symbols of any local code can be generated from the MSR codes in its two adjacent local codes. Taking advantage of this property, more than one failed local group can be repaired cooperatively by their adjacent local groups with lower repair locality. Furthermore, the key parameters of local codes with cooperative repair are derived. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that, compared with previous codes with local regeneration, our codes have higher bandwidth overhead when repairing failed nodes, but advantages in storage overhead and repair locality either for repair of a single failed node or one failed local group. Moreover for a single failed local group, local codes with cooperative repair achieve almost the same tradeoff curve of storage overhead and bandwidth overhead as MSR-local codes and minimum bandwidth regenerating local (MBR-local) codes.


Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disease that affects more than 21 million people worldwide. It has been demonstrated that neuropsychological profile includes attention, memory and executive functions alteration, apart from possible deficits in other domains. It, also, has been evidenced the influence of such cognitive deficits in daily functionality and quality of life in multiple studies. Thus, in the present study it has been studied the relation between verbal memory and executive functioning with daily functionality, to prove which is a better predictor of this, in patients with paranoid schizophrenia (F20.0). To evaluate these constructs ACE-R, Logical Memory (WMS-III), WCST and LSP-39 have been used. Results demonstrate that executive functioning is a better daily functionality predictor in patients with schizophrenia; while verbal memory does not predict either total daily functionality or any of its subscales.


Some cytoplasmic organelles have showed characteristic variations which are related to the different cell cycle phases, in thymidine synchonized HeLa cells in culture. In these cells, the most modified organelles were intracytoplasmic membranes (endoplasmic reticulum) and microfilament arrangements. Microfilaments were numerous under the cell membrane, but also some of them were dispersed in dense bundles. These structures were seen around the nucleus, 12-14 h after removal of excess thymidine (G1). They migrated to the periphery of the cell during S and G2. During mitosis, they were directly under superficial membrane-associated microfilaments.


The mass transport of oxygen in the cathode catalyst layer of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) has a great impact on cell performance. However, some bulk average methods are unable to study the permeation properties of oxygen near the triple phase boundary of HT-PEMFCs due to the size mismatch. Here, we develop a microelectrode integrated system to quantitatively study the O2 mass transport behavior at the Pt/ binder interface under actual operating temperatures (100-180°C). The oxygen diffusion coefficients and solubility obtained from potential-step chronoamperometry and a modified Cottrell equation follow the diffusion "ball-cage" model and the dual-mode solubility model. Subsequently, molecular dynamics simulations are used to describe the key structural elements and diffusion behavior of oxygen molecules from the microscopic perspective. These results provide a scientific approach to study the mass transfer process of oxygen at the local environment, endowing with insightful strategies for future improvement and applications of HT-PEMFCs.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel compounds of general formula: I, where R 1 is selected from hydrogen or methoxy; R 2 is selected from a group consisting of hydroxy, lower alkoxy, provided that R 2 does not denoe methoxy when R 1 denotes methoxy, lower alkoxy, mono- or di-substituted with a hydroxy group, benzyloxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, cyano group, unsubstituted phenyl or tetrazolyl, -O-(CH 2 ) m -C(O)-NR 8 R 9 , where m equals 1 or 2, and where R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl or tetrazolyl, or R 8 and R 9 together with the nitrogen atom with which they are bonded form morpholinyl or piperazinyl, -O-(CH 2 ) n -COOR 10 , where n equals 1 or 2 and R 10 denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl, -O-(CH 2 ) p -NH-C(O)-OR 11 , where p equals 1 or 2,and where R 11 denotes lower alkyl, -O-SO 2 -R 12 , where R 12 denotes lower alkyl, -NR 13 R 14 , where R 13 denotes hydrogen or lower alkyl, and R 14 denotes lower alkyl or benzyl, and -NH-CO-(CH 2 ) q -R 15 , where q equals 1 or 2, and where R 5 denotes tetrazolyl; R 3 is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, lower alkoxy which is mono- or di-substituted with a hydroxy group, alkoxy or unsubstituted phenyl, and -O-(CH 2 ) m -C(O)-NR 8 R 9 , where m equals 1 or 2, and where R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from hydrogen or lower alkyl, or R 8 and R 9 together with the nitrogen atom with which they are bonded form morpholinyl or piperazinyl, which can be substituted with lower alkyl; R 4 is or , where R 5 is selected from lower alkyl; or R5 can also denote hydrogen when selected from a group consisting of -(CH 2 ) m -C(O)-NR 8 R 9 , -O-(CH 2 ) p -NH-C(O)-OR 11 , -O-SO 2 -R 12 , -NR 13 R 14 , -NH-CO-(CH 2 ) q -R 15 and lower alkoxy which is mono- or di-substituted with a group selected from hydroxy, benzyloxy, amino or cyano; R 6 is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl; R 7 is selected from a group consisting of lower alkyl and lower halogenalkyl; and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said compounds. The invention also pertains to a pharmaceutical composition. EFFECT: obtaining novel biologically active compounds having DPP-IV enzyme inhibiting activity. 22 cl, 50 ex


The main objective of this work was to produce membranes of chitosan and collagen type I and check their ability to undergo "in vitro" calcification. The membranes of chitosan-collagen blends were characterized by TGA, infra-red spectroscopy and DSC. Samples of dense and porous membranes were immersed in solution SBF (Simulated Body Fluid) in order to verify their "in vitro" calcification. The membranes were observed by SEM. The production of chitosan-collagen membranes is possible, in dense and porous versions. We can conclude that the blend is less resistant to high temperatures, in comparison to pristine chitosan membranes shown in literature. Through the initial assays of calcification, we observe that it is possible to induce the calcium deposition on a chitosan-collagen membrane, as seen by SEM. Microscopy of fracture surfaces showed fibril structures, probably formed by collagen.


Spectral cross-section cathodoluminescence has been used to characterize two equivalent 1eV GaInAs inverted metamorphic solar cells. The measurements reveal a slightly different composition between the GaInAs layers of both samples and the appearance of defects on one of them that is corroborated with external quantum efficiency and transmission electron microscopy. On the other hand, the measurements of the GaInP compositionally graded buffer exhibit a straight correlation between the decrease in the band gap energy and the formation of defects in the GaInAs layers. This work shows an alternative characterization method to perform a rapid quality control for the production of lattice-mismatched devices.


Three isoflavanones, 5,7,2′,4′-tetrahydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)isoflavanone (1), 4′′,5′′dihydro-5,2′,4′-trihydroxy-5′′-isopropenylfurano-(2′′,3′′;7,6)-isoflavanone (2) and 4′′,5′′-dihydro2′-methoxy-5,4′-dihydroxy-5′′-isopropenylfurano-(2′′,3′′;7,6)-isoflavanone (3) and a previously known isoflavone 5,7,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone [genistein (4)] were isolated and characterised spectroscopically from the rootexudate of the legume Desmodiumuncinatum (Jacq.) DC. We propose the names uncinanone A, B, and C for compounds 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Isolated fractions containing uncinanone B (2) induced germination of seeds from the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. and fractions containing uncinanone C (3) moderately inhibited radical growth, the first example of a newly identified potential allelopathic mechanism to prevent S. hermonthica parasitism. Three isoflavanones, including the two shown were isolated and characterised spectroscopically from the rootexudate of the legume Desmodiumuncinatum (Jacq.) DC. Isolated fractions containing isoflavanone (R=H) induced germination of seeds from the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth and fractions containing the isoflavanone (R=Me) moderately inhibited radical growth, the first example of a newly identified potential allelopathic mechanism to prevent S. hermonthica parasitism.


Comparing the latest observed abundances of 4He and D, we make a ?2 analysis to see whether it is possible to reconcile primordial nucleosynthesis using up-to-date nuclear data of NACRE II and the mean-life of neutrons. If we adopt the observational data of ${}^4_{}$He by Izotov et al., we find that it is impossible to get reasonable concordance against the standard Big-Bang nucleosynthesis. However, including degenerate neutrinos, we have succeeded in obtaining consistent constraints between the neutrino degeneracy and the baryon-to-photon ratio from detailed comparison of calculated abundances with the observational data of ${}^4_{}$He and D: the baryon-to-photon ratio in units of $10^{-10}$ is found to be in the range 6.02 < $\eta^{}_{10}$ < 6:54 for the specified parameters of neutrino degeneracy.


Based on survey and problem analysis faced by SMEs Food Field in Tangerang City in cooperation with Tangerang City Health Office, is problem of supply. MSME owners often experience excess stock in the warehouse for a particular product, or otherwise the lack of availability of goods that cause disruption of the production process. The causes of the deficiency or excess inventory include: 1) The amount of raw materials ordered only based on previous historical data and owners of MSMEs do not forecast sales and production, so it is not clear about the production plan and raw material needs plan that can be used as reference bookings materials, 2) the absence of safety stocks for each material used, causing the owners of MSMEs to lack or surplus inventory; 3) the absence of a clear inventory management system, in the absence of evidence of record keeping, valuation or inventory monitoring. So based on the analysis, the Dedication Team provides solutions in the form of knowledge management improvement for MSME owners in Tangerang City. Where in Community Service Training is held in the form of how to perform calculations, ranging from purchases, production to sales. Also provided training on product storage and efficient cost calculation in carrying out production. Community Service Activities on the training of inventory management and continued by training in making inventory cards using Microsoft Excel. Furthermore, will be provided assistance to SMEs for other fields such as making simple financial reports for MSMEs, computerized financial reports, as well as financial management and strategic management.


: In this work we present a series of classroom experiences with university students training to be teachers. Based on these experiences we have developed a set of significant approaches for diagnosing the current situation and we make a proposal for improving the training of Primary School teachers in Art Education. This proposal is based on a set of seven aspects that we consider «educational environments». The environments can be real or virtual, and therefore we must take into account the symbiosis between the geographic and the online worlds. The seven environments we suggest enhance social inclusion, and are designed to prevent sexist and homophobic behaviour. Encouraging inclusion means preventing any attack on diversity, defending respect, and taking into account any type of dissidence.


With increase in internet users and traffic it has become really essential to analyse the incoming traffic from a network to prevent users from viruses and network attacks and provide a safe and hassle free internet experience. In this research we build a robust model to classify actions to be performed on log files by a firewall to prevent intrusion and other security related threats. Our proposed works use various machine learning models for this work. Our proposed work bested the existing work in the literature when compared over several evaluation metrics. We found the Decision Tree model to be the best performing with an error rate of 0.00245.


Too complex to be tested as a chip and too packaged to be probed like a board, the multichip module presents a new set of challenges to the test engineer. The author describes how, until dedicated testers are developed, applying board-type tests using an IC tester will prove to be the most effective test methodology.<<ETX>>


Significance G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling from the extracellular orthosteric drug binding site across the cell membrane to the intracellular contact sites with G proteins and arrestins is enabled by inherent structural plasticity, which can be observed by NMR spectroscopy. Here, we use 19F-NMR to characterize ensembles of different, simultaneously populated conformations of the human A2A adenosine receptor in function-related equilibria. The NMR data support an activation model involving both induced fit and reequilibration of conformational ensembles, and experiments with a constitutively active mutant of A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAR) established correlations between NMR parameters and GPCR basal activity. The present quantitative measurements with observation of judiciously engineered 19F-NMR probes complement a previous qualitative overall view of A2AAR dynamics from high-resolution NMR. The human proteome contains 826 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), which control a wide array of key physiological functions, making them important drug targets. GPCR functions are based on allosteric coupling from the extracellular orthosteric drug binding site across the cell membrane to intracellular binding sites for partners such as G proteins and arrestins. This signaling process is related to dynamic equilibria in conformational ensembles that can be observed by NMR in solution. A previous high-resolution NMR study of the A2A adenosine receptor (A2AAR) resulted in a qualitative characterization of a network of such local polymorphisms. Here, we used 19F-NMR experiments with probes at the A2AAR intracellular surface, which provides the high sensitivity needed for a refined description of different receptor activation states by ensembles of simultaneously populated conformers and the rates of exchange among them. We observed two agonist-stabilized substates that are not measurably populated in apo-A2AAR and one inactive substate that is not seen in complexes with agonists, suggesting that A2AAR activation includes both induced fit and conformational selection mechanisms. Comparison of A2AAR and a constitutively active mutant established relations between the 19F-NMR spectra and signaling activity, which enabled direct assessment of the difference in basal activity between the native protein and its variant.


Our knowledge on the status of Hemigrapsus crenulatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) populations along the Chilean coast is scarce. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively estimate the spatial distribution and abundance of Hemigrapsus crenulatus in the Puerto Cisnes estuary (44°S, Aysen region, Chilean Patagonia). The spatial distribution appeared to be aggregated, with 3.64 ± 7.99 ind/m² as gross density, and 10.50 ± 10.62 ind/m² as a potential ecological density, i.e., if the quadrants with zero individuals are not taken into consideration. The equation of the negative binomial distribution was: P(x)=(0.22+x−1x)∗0.94∗P(x−1), where: P(0)=0.53. The average density of Hemigrapsus crenulatus under stones is lower if all beach surfaces are considered. Its abundance or dominance on estuarine beaches probably would be due to the fact that this species is one of the crustaceans of the lower intertidal level that can survive under a wide range of salinity values.


Two relaxations measured in dehydrated KA zeolite showed different hydration behaviors; the higher frequency relaxation shifted to higher frequency with increasing hydration whereas the lower frequency relaxation shifted to lower frequency; the latter behavior being contrary to present theory.


The elastic distortion energy (ED) is one of the magnitudes that provide information on any continuum mechanical state. It consists in the part of the total deformation energy that produces a change in shape for constant volume, and depends on the relative differences between principal stresses. This paper explores the use of this variable as a fundamental parameter for asphalt fatigue. In the first place, bending fatigue tests are compared to indirect-tension tests from the mechanical point of view, and the laboratory results for a particular asphalt concrete mix are presented. A significant part of the experimentally contrasted differences between the results from the two fatigue tests can be explained by ED. ED also provides an explanation for the asphalt performance that can be observed in thick pavements and, in particular, for top-down cracking. Modeling shows that a critical situation exists for the asphalt mix at the top (up to 100 mm in depth) of a thick (350 mm) pavement, since the level of elastic distortion energy is considerably higher than at the bottom. Several issues are presented in this paper that support the possibility of asphalt fatigue being governed by actual differences between principal stresses (or strains), rather than the principal stresses (or strains) themselves, thus introducing a new approach to asphalt fatigue, which has been traditionally assumed to be caused only by tensile strains. Finally, the asphalt mechanical state is evaluated at several depths into a thick (350 mm) asphalt pavement and the results are presented by Mohr's circles. Conclusions are extracted from the comparison of such mechanical states with those induced during bending and indirect-tension fatigue tests.


Technology Overview PLACEHOLDER was a IWOperson VRs ystem, with helmets marrufacturcd by Virtual Research that provii.tcd both visual and auditory stereo [o the participants. Wc added a small m icrophonc to each of tic helmets to pick up the voices of the users. There were two physical spaces where the participants stood wearing display helmets and body sensors. and three virtual worlds through which they could independently move. Position sensors (Polhemus "FastTraks" ) tracked the 3-space position and orientation of the users' heads. both hands. and torsos within a circular stage of about ten feet. An additional sensor system was employed-the "Grippecs," dcsigrred by Steve Saunders of Interval. These were placed in each hand, and measured the distance bcrwccn the thumb and forefinger (or middle finger) of the hand, aflowing the developmerr[ of a simple "grasping" interface for virtual objects. A variety of computers were used in concert in the PLACEHOLDER project. T?re primary computer used in the project was an SGI Onyx Reali[y Engine, equipped with 64M of main ram and 4M of tcxmre memory. h was programmed in C and Unix, using the Minimal Reality Toolkit (authored by Chris Shaw of the University of Alberta), as the primary VR framework. John Harrison. the Banff Cenrrc's chief programmer, moditicd the Minimal Reality toolkit to provide support for two users and two hands per user from its original one person. one dataglove instantiation. Chris Shaw and Lloyd White, also of the University of Alberta, visited to help with code coordinating support for two users. Glenn Fraser and Graham Lundgren of the Banff Cerrtre and Rob Tow provided additional programming support within the framework of the MR Toolkit. Rob Tow wrote the C code on tJre SGI which managed the audio gcncratiort and spatializatiwr. This was coordinated with the visual VR code running in the MR toolkit and controlled sound generation by a NeXT workstation and a Macintosh II equipped with a SamplcCell audio proccssirrg card, as WCIIas the spatializatiorr by two PC clones, both equipped with two foursource Crystal River Engineering Convolvotrons. The NeXT, the Macintosh If, and two Yamaha sound prwessors were programmed by Dorota Blas7czak of the Banff Ccntre, who was also responsible for the general audio design and in~gration. Dorota also designed the realtime voice filters which altered participants' voices to malch the Critters' "smart costumes". Two SGI VGX computers wet-t!used with Alias architectural design tools to lay out tfrc cnvironmcrtts' geometries and to apply textures to the resulting wireframes;


In the 21st century, Central and Eastern Europe face challenges in respect to innovation and business development. The NATO - Advanced Research Workshop "Overcoming Barriers to Technology Transfer and Business Commercialisation in Central & Eastern Europe" was designed to allow pertinent organisations from different nations to share ideas and strategies to address these challenges. The thrust of the workshop was to improve the transformation process of R&D to home-grown technologies and ultimately, innovative and successful businesses. It is important to recognise that most Central and Eastern European economies are evolving from a super-centralised economic structure. We hope that by tapping into the experiences of developed countries, these C&EE nations can lay the foundations for thriving market-economies. The presentations during the workshop contained not only theoretical ideas, but also facts, examples, and results, summarised in tables and illustrated by figures. In this book, we also set forth remedies for some of the issues discussed. This book will serve as a useful tool for researchers, for technology transfer and business and innovation centre managers, for businessmen and in general for all those interested in and concerned with breaking down the barriers to technology transfer and business commercialisation.


Fixed or rotary wing manned aircraft are currently the most commonly used platforms for airborne reconnaissance in response to natural hazards, such as volcanic eruptions, oil spills, wild fires, earthquakes. Such flights are very often undertaken in hazardous flying conditions (e.g., turbulence, downdrafts, reduced visibility, close proximity to dangerous terrain) and can be expensive. To mitigate these two fundamental issues--safety and cost--we are exploring the use of small (<100kg), relatively inexpensive, but effective, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for this purpose. As an operational test, in 2004 we flew a small autonomous UAV in the airspace above and around Stromboli Volcano. Based in part on this experience, we are adapting the RAVENINGV system for such natural hazard surveillance missions. RAVENINGV has a 50km range, with a 3.5m wingspan, main fuselage length of 4.60m, and maximum weight of 56kg. It has autonomous flight capability and a ground control station for mission planning and control. It will carry a variety of imaging devices, including a visible camera, and an IR camera. Such flexible, capable, and easy-to-deploy UAV systems may significantly shorten the time necessary to characterize the nature and scale of the natural hazard threats if used from the outset of, and systematically during, natural hazard events. When appropriately utilized, such UAVs can provide a powerful new hazard mitigation and documentation tool for civil protection hazard responders. This research was carried out under the auspices of the Italian government, and, in part, under contract to NASA at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.


The endeavor of the present study is to explore the factors contributing in life satisfaction among the hijras. In order to investigate the positive and negative causative factors semi structured interviews were performed on those persons who are by birth hijras including Guru who is usually the leader of that particular group (N = 1) and three Chelas who are the followers of guru (N = 4). Sample was collected through the snowball sampling technique. Interpretive phenomenological analysis was used in order to analyze the data qualitatively. For this purpose, all interviews were transcribed first then main themes were extracted from each interview. Major themes were also shown in the form of the table. These major themes were: offended by teasing, rejection from society, bound to this profession, satisfied with life, change thinking of people, dissatisfactory government policies, proximity to God, financial aid to family, love to be family, restrictions in childhood, lack of self-control, different creatures, different attitude of gender, and desire for self-appreciation. The importance, distinctiveness and significance of the chosen sample was well considered before executing the research. The results were discreet as the construct being explored was novel and crucial in terms of investigation with the increasing population of hijras. The findings of the study are supportive and have potential to guide the intervention plans for enhancing the life satisfaction of hijras.


In sonata form, development sections are characterized by tonal, textural, and phrase-structural instability. But are these instabilities counterbalanced by regularity in other musical domains? Are any syntactic layers more consistent in developments, relative to expositions or recapitulations? This corpus study examined hypermeter in expositions and developments from eighteenth- and nineteenth-century symphonic sonata movements. It analyzed both hypermetrical shifts (where a hypermeasure's duration differs from that of the preceding group) and hypermetrical deviations (where a hypermeasure departs from the four-measure norm). Developments had significantly less hypermetrical irregularity than expositions. This difference between formal sections was observed with all composers in the corpus, though they used varied amounts of hypermetrical regularity overall. These results, which are likely related to sequence blocks in the developmental core, suggest that hypermetrical grouping might serve a stabilizing function in sonata developments.


The effects of soil from different afforestation models in hilly loess plateau were analyzed.The results were as follows: mixture of picea crassifolia and birchbirchmixture of picea crassifolia and hippophae rhamnoidespicea crassifolia hippophae rhamnoidesfarmland.The order of easing temperature changes was as follows: mixture of picea crassifolia and birchbirchmixture of picea crassifolia and hippophae rhamnoideshippophae rhamnoidespicea crassifoliafarmland.


Description Many of the world's glaciers will disappear, but quick action will make a difference As global mean temperature rises in pace with increasing greenhouse gas emissions, the future of the world's glaciers looks bleak. Rates of glacier mass loss have increased over the past two decades (1), a trend that will continue even if emissions are capped (2–4). Despite their small size relative to the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, these dwindling ice stores are important. They currently contribute as much to sea level as the ice sheets (3), their disappearance means water insecurity for millions, and their retreat increases glacier hazard frequency, such as glacier outburst floods and landslides (2). Although most countries have agreed to pursue temperature limits within 1.5°C above preindustrial levels (5), these targets are unmet (6). On page 78 of this issue, Rounce et al. (7) present a model of the fate of all 215,547 glaciers under different climate scenarios. Their findings emphasize the need to act now to prevent substantial glacier loss.


India has vast resources of different types of clays, which find industrial applications, either directly or after simple processing, in ceramic, paper, cement industry as well as in foundaries. Washing, flotation, magnetic, separation, electrostatic separation are some of the important processes that could be normally employed for dressing the clays to meet the purity required for commercial applications. As appraisal has been made in this paper on the researches carried out at the National Metallurgical Laboratory, on beneficiation of some of the clay samples, with a widely divergent range of objectives such as: (i) recovering sulphur from sulphur bearing clays, (ii) reducing iron content in clay for cement making, (iii) improving the colour brightness of clay for use in paper industry and (iv) determining the bonding effect of betonite for pelletisation purposes. Some specifications for certain industrial applications of clay samples have also been included within the text of this paper.


Using a new technique to solve the kinetic equation including Bose statistics, we show that the shape of the pion transverse momentum spectrum is sensitive to the hadronization time in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. For a pure pion gas, the magnitude of the soft pion component observed in central 200 GeV/nucleon O+Au collisions is reproduced by an effective pionization time of about 7 fm/{ital c}. This explanation implies that the hadrons are produced out of chemical equilibrium.


Purpose: Investigation of the role and importance of judicial practice in criminal justice in Ukraine. Methodology: The author applied rather-legal and legalistic methods. Results: The article explores ways to improve the efficiency and equity of criminal proceedings on the basis of one of its basic principles of the supremacy of law. With its introduction of conditions for the formation of a national judicial practice, enhancement of its role in the criminal proceedings and certainty of its equity. The courts in this function carry out not only justice but also lawmaking. Respond to changes in the legal reality becomes more prompt, which is especially important in the area of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Novelty/originality/value: The paper presents scientific and practical value, as containing the author's summarizing and conclusions, characterizing the formation of judicial practice in Ukraine and its importance for justice in criminal proceedings. Jurisdiction has played an important role in shaping the concept of a reasonable criminal trial. Its special feature is the protection of human rights and freedoms from illegal encroachments of others as well as from the arbitrariness of authorities.


Continuation of Smoking Cessation and Following Weight Change after Intervention in a Healthy Population with High Smoking Prevalence: Takashi Kadowaki, et al. Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science—Smoking prevalence among males is conspicuously high in Asian countries including Japan. There are few prospective intervention studies on the duration of smoking cessation within regions with a high prevalence of smokers, such as Asia. We investigated the extent to which subjects continued abstaining from smoking after receiving smoking cessation support provided for all smokers in an occupational setting, regardless of their willingness to quit smoking. The subjects were 251 male workers who were smokers and had received a smoking cessation intervention in 1997 in an occupational setting. Smoking cessation rates and body mass index (BMI) at 10, 18, 30, 42, 54, and 66 months after the initial intervention were confirmed during annual health check‐ups. Those who quit smoking following the intervention and continuously abstained from smoking throughout the study period were separately examined for BMI. After five years, 10.6% of the smokers continued smoking cessation. Of the abstainers who quit following the intervention, the abstinence rate decreased in the first and second year, but it stabilized at approximately 45% after the third year. High nicotine dependence and a self‐reported lack of willingness to quit smoking did not lower long‐term abstinence rates. Abstainers initially gained 1.55 BMI on average, but decreased the weight gain to 0.96 BMI over six years. Introducing smoking cessation support without nicotine replacement therapy is an effective long‐term strategy in a healthy population with a high smoking prevalence. Abstainers maintain their smoking cessation if they refrain from smoking for three years.


The aim of the research is to point to a far greater resilience of Islamic banks to negative effects of the global financial crisis comparing to the conventional banks, as well as to discover the mechanisms that prevent or reduce the negative effects of the crisis. The comparative effects of the global financial crisis on conventional and Islamic banks are given in the first chapter. All causes of financial crisis, listed in the key current research of prominent experts in this field, were analyzed in the second chapter, including indebtedness, speculative activity, interest and fictive money, financial panic. Islamic "alternatives" for each of them were marked as a source of resilience of Islamic banks in the third chapter. These are: prohibition of speculative activities and excessive risks, prohibition of interest and few of Islamic financing models.


In the Middle and Late Northern Song Dynasty,as the largest literary school,Jiangxi School headed by Huang Ting-jian is most influential. Because of the struggle between New and Old Party,Zhou Bang-yan did not make friends with Shu Shi ,Huang Ting-jian,and etc.,but the stiff literary trend certainly has an influence on the creation of Zhou Bang-yan's Ci.


The purpose of the study was to investigate the results of a manual therapy program, composed of hot pack, classical massage and connective tissue manipulation, in 30 female patients with migraine. The treatment lasted for a total of 20 sessions. The subjects were evaluated before and after the treatment and also controlled 6 months after the treatment. The evaluations were consisted of: assessment of pain intensity, frequency, accompanying symptoms (vomiting, nausea, phonophobia and difficulty to concentrate) and number of analgesic drugs used in a month. In comparison with the results of data obtained from the evaluations prior to and after the treatment, statistically significant decreases were determined in pain intensity, frequency, accompanying symptoms and number of analgesic drugs used in a month (p < 0.01). Also these effects were found to be maintained during a photophobia, period of 6 months after the treatment, when compared to the post-treatment evaluation results (p > 0.05). In conclusion, a manual therapy program composed of hot pack, classical massage and connective tissue manipulation was found to be associated with positive changes in patients with migraine.


Pasteurization, since its introduction into the dairy industry, has received much study. The primary reason for introducing this process into the dairy business was to protect the public from disease germs carried by milk and it is along this line that most of the study has been directed. Pasteurization also prolongs the keeping quality of the milk when it is properly done. It is stated that about 99 per cent reduction of the bacterial m$lk flora is obtained by this process. Ayers and John.~on (1) have published evidence showing that when milk is highly contaminated with bacteria a ninety-nine per cent reduction is secured, but when the milk is not so highly contaminated the percentage of reduction does not reach this figure. The effect of pasteurization on the individual organism found in milk has not received much study. Ayers and Johnson (3) found that of twenty-two typical streptococci one survived a temperature of 62.8°C. for thirty minutes, and of 117 atypical streptococci, 38.46 per cent survived this temperature. The same authors (2) found twelve colon bacilli which resisted a temperature of 62.8°C. Barber (4), studying the effect of temperature on the rate of multiplication of a colon bacterium, found that it reached its maximum rate of division at 37°C. and that this rate fell off at 45°C. and ceased at 49°C. Tanner and Dubois (6) concluded from their work "that the members of the colon-typhoid group in milk in the number to which they would occur are destroyed by heating for thirty minutes at 60°C. '' The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pasteurization on pure cultures of bacteria found in milk. The


Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are considered part of the same pathological spectrum. There is an increased risk of ALS in patients who have had melanoma. The risk of FTLD in melanoma (or cancer) patients is unknown. We aimed to study if C9ORF72 expansion is linked to a higher prevalence of melanoma. Methods: We selected patients with a diagnosis in the ALS‐FTLD spectrum who were tested for pathogenic mutations. Medical history was reviewed, to identify those with pathologically documented melanomas. Results: We included 189 patients. Sixty‐two had identified pathogenic mutations (39 C9ORF72). C9ORF72 carriers had a significantly higher risk of melanoma (odds ratio = 24.709; P < 0.007). There was no association with phenotype. Conclusions: These findings suggest that patients with a history of melanoma may have an increased probability of carrying a C9ORF72 repeat expansion. ALS or FTLD carriers of C9ORF72 should undergo surveillance for skin changes. Muscle Nerve 59:362–365, 2019


The European Green Deal is the latest climate and environmental protection program launched by the EU. This is a strategy to transform the EU into a resource-efficient economy, in which in 2050 there will be zero greenhouse gas emissions and economic growth will be decoupled from the use of natural resources. After approving the National Economic Strategy for the period until 2030, Ukraine joins and focuses on the European Green Deal and aims to achieve climate neutrality in 2060 (Natsionalna ekonomichna stratehiia, 2021). Such ambitious goals can become a huge challenge for our country, in particular, in environmental projects of recycling in construction. Popularization of the principles of the circular economy and the introduction of the best European experience in the reuse of industrial waste is not only a requirement for the successful accession of Ukraine to the EU, but also a prerequisite for the effective implementation of infrastructure projects, especially the post-war reconstruction of the country.


The development of the Internet of things(IOT) has produced huge diversity of data. In view of the need for massive data processing and application by the Internet of things, the big data service platform arises at the historic moment. Our paper mainly studies the optimization of the big data platform in the background of Internet of things, and combines the Internet of things with the big data platform–Spark. In this paper, we proposed an improved Spark job scheduling scheme based on the genetic and tabu search algorithm. By optimizing the job scheduling algorithm of Spark, it will provide the better technical support for data processing in the Internet of things.