An investigation of the deleterious action of alkaline ferricyanide on the glass heating coil of the AutoAnalyzer showed not only an increase in fragility of the coil with use but a substantial increase in coil volume, a change which can cause standard readings to exceed acceptable limits.


Quality in higher education is currently in a state of transformation as many countries review their quality assurance régimes. This issue reflects some of the emerging concerns that are currently emerging. Quality is not static: processes change to address contemporary issues. Mahsood Shah, Ione Lewis and Robert Fitzgerald provide an overview of current quality assurance arrangements and the outcome of the recent review of higher education in Australia. Sally Kuenssberg explores a similar theme of change, investigating what the current mission statements of Scottish universities reveal about their aims and priorities in the challenging environment of higher education. Through textual analysis, the study indicates that the mission statements convey an overall impression of sameness rather than distinctiveness. Both papers indicate a need for an awareness of current political pressure on the quality processes of the modern university. In developing countries, quality can serve to address global concerns. In his study of Kenyan higher education, George Odhiambo explores the struggle to develop quality and quality assurance mechanisms against a background of rapidly diminishing income, brain drain, political interference and the negative aspects of globalisation. Odhiambo argues that the higher education sector requires clear policies of rewarding and retaining talented staff and ways of dealing with the politically instigated expansion and that quality assurance could play a key role in initiating these reforms. As globalisation takes an increasingly central place in discussions on quality assurance, it is important to reflect on the role of 'internationalisation'. This is an increasingly important issue as universities recruit ever larger numbers of students from abroad. Today's university students are operating in a world where intercultural interactions are the norm and people who can comfortably negotiate cultural and linguistic differences are required. Carmela Briguglio examines the effectiveness of English language teaching on Australian campuses and argues that diversity needs to be harnessed to develop the intercultural communication skills required in the global workplace. While research is abundant on quality assurance in higher education, very little attention has been paid to informal learning and its relation to quality assurance. In their study of an Iranian university, Mostafa Hasrati and Reza Hashemi explore the extent to which a group of science PhD students use informal learning strategies and find that far from a Quality in Higher Education Vol. 17, No. 3, November 2011, 263–264


Leslie Lamport, known for his seminal work in distributed systems, famously said, "A distributed system is one in which the failure of a computer you didn't even know existed can render your own computer unusable." Given this bleak outlook and the large set of possible failures, how do you even begin to verify and validate that the distributed systems you build are doing the right thing?


Most clinical practice guidelines recommend screening for HCC in patients with cirrhosis. However, patients with compensated cirrhosis are often asymptomatic and may remain unrecognised for years.


In this paper, we proposed a PDL monitoring and correction method based on sliding-window least-square algorithm. Numerical simulation results show that both the polarization equalization and monitoring effects are better than those based on CMA.


We discuss the form of the string-loop-corrected effective action and the loop-corrected solutions of the equations of motion. At the string-tree level, a solution we consider is the extremal magnetic black hole, in which case the tree-level effective gauge couplings decrease at small r, and in this region string-loop corrections to the gauge couplings become important. The effective 4D theory is the N=2 supergravity interacting with matter. Using the N=2 structure of the theory, we calculate the loop corrections to the effective action and solve the loop-corrected equations of motion. In the resulting perturbative solution for the metric, singularity at the origin is smeared by quantum effects.


Objective:To analyze of CT findings of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mediastinum. Methods:CT manifestations of 6 patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mediastinum confirmed through pathology were retrospectively analyzed in this work. Results:Of the 6 cases,4 were located in front-middle mediastium,2 in front-mediastium.The densities of tumor masses were non-uniform and appeared necrosis in all cases.An average diameter of tumor was up to 64 mm.4 cases presented with superior vena cava obstruction syndrome(SVCS),5 cases with tumor thrombus,5 cases with head and arm vein compression in the superior vena cava. Conclusion:CT can determine the location,size,shape,and range of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mediastinum,thereby providing more valuable information for the operation.


(Objective) To observe the effect of Tiankui Gengnian Soft Capsule(menstruation-climacteric soft capsule, TGSC) on the antioxidant action in old rats and provide the experimental basis for investigating the mechanisms of anti-aging effect of TGSC. (Methods) After feeding rats with TGSC for 45 days, the influence on the activity of SOD, MDA in serum and brain, MAO in brain and activity of GSH-Px in blood was observed. At the same time, the ROS and activity of MDA in liver mitochondria were also explored. Finally, the lipofuscin accumulation in cerebral cortex was examined by light microscope. (Results) TGSC could obviously improve the level of some indexes in blood, brain and mitochondria, decreasing the lipofuscin accumulation in cerebral cortex. (Conclusions) TGSC has antioxidant effect. This may explain the mechanism of its anti-aging effects of it.


The gene encoding epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its mutant isoform, EGFRvIII, frequently are overexpressed in gliomas and both are low or undetectable in normal brain. Based on these differences in receptor expression, we have carried out studies using either boronated EGF or anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as delivery agents for boron neutron capture therapy. BNCT is based on the selective uptake of sufficient amounts of boron-10 by tumor cells, followed by irradiation with low energy, thermal neutrons. The resulting nuclear capture and fission reactions produce high-energy \#945; particles and recoiling 7 Li nuclei. In the present study, we have evaluated a boronated dendrimer-epidermal growth factor (BD-EGF) bioconjugate as a molecular targeting agent for BNCT of the human EGFR gene-transfected F98 rat glioma, designated F98 EGFR . EGF was chemically linked to a heavily boronated polyamide amine dendrimer by means of the heterobifunctional reagent, mMBS, and boron was quantified by direct current plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. Biodistribution studies were carried out at 6 h and 24 h following intratumoral (i.t.) injection or convection enhanced delivery (CED) of 125 I-labeled or unlabeled BD-EGF (40µg 10 B/ 10 µg EGF) to F98 glioma bearing rats. At 6 h., the amounts of radioactivity localized in EGFR (+) and (-) gliomas were similar following either i.t. injection or CED. However, at 24 h. there was 43% more radioactivity in EGFR(+) tumors following CED compared to i.t. injection, and a doubling of the tumor boron concentration (22.3 µg/g vs. 11.7 µg/g). CED of BD-EGF resulted in a 6.5x increase in the volume of distribution within the infused cerebral hemisphere and a 1.8x increase in tumor uptake of BD-EGF compared with i.t. injection, thereby demonstrating the superiority of CED as a mode of administration of the bioconjugate. BNCT studies were carried out in F98 EGFR glioma bearing rats at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology nuclear reactor (MITRII) 24 h. after CED of BD-EGF. Animals that received BD-EGF, followed by BNCT, had a MST of 54.1 ± 4.7 d compared to 43.0±2.8 d. with i.t. injection. Rats that received BD-EGF by CED in combination with i.v. boronophenylalanine (BPA) had a MST of 86.0 ± 28.1 d compared to 39.8 ± 1.6 d for i.v. BPA alone (p versus 116% for CED of BD-EGF and 72 % for i.t. injection of BD-EGF. The test for equality of the survival curves indicated that overall, the differences were highly significant (p Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5599.


therequirement for stoichiometric amounts of silver- or copper-based oxidants does not make these protocols attractiveenough from a pharmaceutical point of view. Therefore, thedevelopment of new catalytic protocols that can face all thesechallenges,whilereadilygivingaccesstobis(heteroaryl)coreswith a diverse set of substituents would be a highly desirablegoal in organic synthesis.Prompted by the pioneering decarboxylative arylationprocesses described by Goossen et al. in 2006,


The Purpose of this paper is to overview the Inventory management in supply chain and their current Inventory related issue in a present day business and present a conceptual methodology for related issue. The methodology based on the inventory, which are inputs for the methodology and benefits which are output of methodology. A literature review is conducted on management or control of inventory and also issues related to inventory in industry, and its various parameters. A conceptual methodology for inventory issues in present business. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and/or Peer-review under responsibility of 7th International Conference of Materials Processing and Characterization.


....................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................v LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. ix CHAPTER I .........................................................................................................................1 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM ............................................................................................1 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................................1 Background and Need for the Study ................................................................................3 Purpose of the Study ........................................................................................................8 Research Questions ..........................................................................................................8 Theoretical Rationale .......................................................................................................9 Chickering and Reisser ................................................................................................9 Kram ..........................................................................................................................13 Limitations and Delimitations of the Study ...................................................................17 Significance of the Study ...............................................................................................18 Definition of Terms........................................................................................................20 Summary ........................................................................................................................21 CHAPTER II ......................................................................................................................23 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ...................................................................................23 Introduction ....................................................................................................................23 Undergraduate Experience at Universities .....................................................................23 Historical Overview of Mentoring .................................................................................26 Benefits of Mentoring ....................................................................................................33 University Student Mentoring........................................................................................42 Mentors and Alumni Engagement .................................................................................50 Summary ........................................................................................................................54 CHAPTER III ....................................................................................................................56 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................56 Restatement of the Purpose ............................................................................................56 Research Design.............................................................................................................56 Research Setting.............................................................................................................58 Population and Sample ..................................................................................................60 Instrumentation ..............................................................................................................61 Reliability and Validity ..................................................................................................62 Data Collection ..............................................................................................................64 Interviews ...................................................................................................................64 Observations ..............................................................................................................67 Documents..................................................................................................................67 Data Analysis .................................................................................................................68 Human Subjects Protection ............................................................................................69 Background of the Researcher .......................................................................................70


The invention discloses a wallpaper processing and printing machine, which consists of a delivery wheel (1), a processing and printing wheel (2), a Chinese ink painting tank (3), a fixed support (41) and a fixed support (42), wherein two ends of the center shafts of the delivery wheel (1) and the processing and printing wheel (2) are respectively horizontally fixed with the fixed support (41) and the fixed support (42) by screws in sequence from top to bottom; the Chinese ink painting tank (3) is positioned on the lower end of the processing and printing wheel (2); the delivery wheel (1) and the processing and printing wheel (2) have the equal length and width; the difference of the sum of the widths of the delivery wheel (1) and the processing and printing wheel (2) and the length of the Chinese ink painting tank (3) is less than or equal to 2-3cm; a gap between the delivery wheel (1) and the processing and printing wheel (2) is 5-10mm; a gap between the Chinese ink painting tank (3) and the processing and printing wheel (2) is 30-50mm. The wallpaper processing and printing machine is integrally combined with a wallpaper printing machine and an embossing machine so as to finish the processing and printing technology to the wallpaper.


The use of multimedia technology in teaching and learning in Arabic grammar is very crucialin line with the needs and interests of today's students. As such, an animated infographic module in learning Arabic grammar has been developed to adapt the use of this instructional mean. This study aimed to evaluate the usability of an infographic module known as the iGQA Module. The process of module development employed a Design and Development
(DDR) approach which involved few phases such as needs analysis, design and development phase, and usability evaluation phase. This study adapted a survey method to evaluate the developed modules. Questionnaire instruments were distributed to 74 students of ISM Arabic Studies, Sultan Zainal Abidin University who participated in the online module learning sessions. Data were analysed descriptively using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The results showed that the level of student satisfaction is high on the elements applied in the module. In conclusion, the developed modules help students to understand Arabic grammar easily and are able to pique their interest in learning it.


Referee's enforcement work becomes an important topic in the current match as the Nineteenth World Cup football match ends,with both having mastered the advanced soccer idea,applying the spirit of the rules to the football match in the performance of outstanding referees in successful examples,and also field work errors in the battles because of various reasons,and even some will become the World Cup history.However both success and failure experience are worth the Chinese soccer referees peer to learning as references.


Disaster management is management of tasks involving responses to emergencies and methods of devising recovery strategies from havocs caused by nature. It assumes paramount importance now as the human surrounding has enormously become unpredictable owing to natural or man-made disasters. Consequence of disaster can be reduced by broadcasting of disaster alert to a defined radius that could be affected by the disaster. The objective of disaster management is to ensure energy economical and reliable communication that is resilient to network topology changes within the area. Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is efficiently utilized to transfer the disaster alert information. Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication is used for disseminating the disaster alert message. This study proposes an effective data acquisition from the disaster location, data dissemination to the neighbouring zones and disaster management using VANET technology.


【Study on clean and efficient utilization technology for low rank coal with high moisture content is actively ongoing due to limited reserves of petroleum and of high grade coal and serious climate change caused by fossil fuel usage. In the present study, supercritical water gasification of low rank coal was performed. With increasing reaction temperature, content of combustible gases such as $H_2$ and $CH_4$ in the syngas increased while the $CO_2$ content decreased. As the reaction pressure increased from 210 to 300 bar, the $CO_2$ content in the syngas increased while the hydrocarbon gas content decreased. The $H_2$ and $CH_4$ content in the syngas increased slightly with pressure. With the addition of Pd, Pt, and Ru catalysts, it was possible to improve the production of $H_2$ . Moreover, the increase of active metal content in the catalyst increased the $H_2$ productivity. The Ru catalyst shows the best performance for increasing the $H_2$ content in the syngas, while decreasing the $CO_2$ content.】


Friction and wear experiments conducted on polyimide films bonded to 440 C stainless steel disks indicated that a wear transition (from high wear to low wear) accompanied the friction transition (from high friction to low friction). The transition was found to be atmospheric dependent as well as temperature dependent. Wear rate calculations indicated that, at temperatures above the transition, wear could be up to 600 times less than at temperatures below the transition. Transfer to metallic riders was also investigated and found to be considerably different at temperatures above and below the transition. Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASLE/ASME Lubrication Conference in Boston, Massachusetts, October 5–7, 1976


Polycrystalline PbSe has the potential to be a V-HOT FPA capable of achieving 50 mK NETD sensitivity with pixel pitch less than 25 μm. However, current approaches using CBD have major reproducibility deficiencies. PVD approaches still struggle with sensitivity and carrier sweep-out. SJOS has explored a variety of PbSe approaches and determined the balance between carrier lifetime, mobility, dark current, and spectral QE that must be achieved in order to produce detectors that have low 1/f noise, high responsivity, and can fabricated reliably. SJOS detectors having these features are to be demonstrated in this presentation We will present data on the microstructure, blackbody performance data, and carrier mobility and lifetime for halogen passivated PbSe that can meet these demands.


Syndesmotic instability of the tibiofibular ligaments can be difficult to diagnose clinically. This clinical tip reports a diagnostic sign of late medial ankle pain as a possible indicator of syndesmotic laxity. The pain is caused by tenderness of the deltoid ligament as it attenuates because of lack of other syndesmotic restraints in the ankle. This clinical sign suggests an incremental, slowly progressive shift of the talus and subtle widening of the ankle mortise. Awareness of this possibility may help to diagnose a complex ankle injury. Although biomechanical studies have implicated the deltoid ligament as an important stabilizer of the ankle and a restraint to syndesmotic widening, recognizing an initially intact deltoid ligament that may progressively stretch and allow gradual clear space widening is not documented.1,2 Duration of symptoms should be considered when diagnosing ankle pain because damage to restraining structures can lead to further injury. The temporal element in ankle instability helps to explain the later clinical findings. A lax or incompetent syndesmotic ligament complex will allow progressive widening of the ankle mortise with a lateral shift of the fibula. The primary resisting force of this widening is the deltoid ligament. In the early phase of medial clear space widening, the deltoid begins to be stretched. This stretching process is often painful and can be observed by the physician on clinical examination both as tenderness along the deltoid ligament itself and as tenderness with external rotation of the ankle. The process may be prolonged and may take place over months or even years as the restraining ligaments of the foot are strained. Ultimately the deltoid becomes incompetent, and the sequelae of an ankle joint unevenly aligned in the mortise become clinically obvious with ankle joint synovitis


Growing up in 1960s England, my marker for the beginning of the weekend was an hour-long Friday evening TV show, Ready Steady Go! RSG was launched in 1962 on ITV (independent television). It was soon the major mass audience showcase for the bands and fashions of the era. RSG was where new mod groups like The Who, The Kinks, The Animals, and scores of others went to plug their latest releases, and where kids fresh from Carnaby Street and the King's Road went to show off the latest gear and to dance. RSG was unique among the staid and safe radio and tv "pop" shows of the 1960s-"Juke Box Jury," "Pick of the Pops," "Top of the Pops," and so on-all hosted by distinctly middle-aged (to my eyes) recycled radio DJs. Almost from the outset RSG was fronted by Cathy McGowan, an unknown who was little older than the show's audience. For a while she became one of Swinging London's standouts.1 Maybe two years after the show was launched with the slogan, "The Weekend Starts Here!" Cathy began to push a new one, "Ready Steady Goes Live!" In the show's original format, the bands had mimed to their own canned studio recordings. The new format announced something very different-live performance, with all its uncertainties and improvisations. What would The Troggs sound like outside a recording studio? The buildup to the first live broadcast was huge, the risks of a flop enormous, the change a wild success. Audience ratings shot up. I have been reminded of "Goes Live" many times over the last fifteen months. The analogy, admittedly, is imperfect. Nevertheless, in our own


This work was based on analysis of herbarium materials, bibliographic documentation and collections, covering all environments from an area of the coastal plain of the southern Rio Grande do Sul. We recorded 39 specific and infra-specific taxa distributed in 14 genera. Of these, the most representative were Cyperus L. with 11 taxa and Eleocharis R. Br., with 10.Keys are provided for identification of genera and species and comments on morphological aspects, habitat, distribution and phenology.


Femtosecond laser excitation of a Co/Pt bilayer results in the efficient emission of picosecond THz pulses. Two known mechanisms for generating THz emission are spin-polarized currents through a Co/Pt interface, resulting in helicity-independent electric currents in the Pt layer due to the inverse spin-Hall effect and helicity-dependent electric currents at the Co/Pt interface due to the inverse spin-orbit torque effect. Here we explore how roughness, crystal structure and intermixing at the Co/Pt interface affect the efficiency of the THz emission. In particular, we varied the roughness of the interface, in the range of 0.1-0.4 nm, by tuning the deposition pressure conditions during the fabrication of the Co/Pt bilayers. To control the intermixing at the Co/Pt interface a 1-2 nm thick CoxPt1-x alloy spacer layer was introduced with various compositions of Co and Pt. Finally, the crystal structure of Co was varied from face centered cubic to hexagonal close packed. Our study shows that the roughness of the interface is of crucial importance for the efficiency of helicity-dependent THz emission induced by femtosecond laser pulses. However, it is puzzling that intermixing while strongly enhancing the helicity-independent THz emission had no effect on the helicity-dependent THz emission which is suppressed and similar to the smooth interfaces.


Spinal anesthesia is a safe and widely used anesthetic procedure, practiced for both elective and emergency surgeries. The present study compares the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Pethidine to control intraoperative shivering during spinal anesthesia. The study was conducted from January 2020 - July 2020 in a tertiary care centre including 60 patients aged between 20-60 years, belonging to ASA grade I/II, who developed grade 2-3 shivering following spinal anesthesia. These patients were randomized into two groups: Group I received a single intravenous bolus dose of 0.5 mcg/kg of Dexmedetomidine over 5 minutes and Group II received a single intravenous bolus dose of 0.5 mg/kg Pethidine over 5 minutes. Patients were monitored for drug failure, recurrence of shivering, and side effects. Preoperative temperature in Group I and Group II was 37.1 degrees Celsius and 37.2 degrees Celsius, respectively. The temperature in both groups during shivering was 36.2 and 36.4 degrees Celsius in Group I and Group II, respectively. Preoperative heart rate in Group I and Group II was 84.2 beats/minute and 75.4 beats/minute, respectively. Heart rate in both groups during shivering was 83.6 and 73.5 beats/minute in Group I and Group II, respectively. Grade 3 shivering was observed in 14 patients of Group I and in 19 patients of Group II (p< 0.05). Sixteen and eleven patients in Group I and Group II, respectively were found to have Grade 4 shivering (p< 0.05). Five patients of Group I and four patients of Group II experience recurrent shivering (P< 0.05). Nausea was reported by 2 patients in Group I and 1 patient in Group II (P< 0.05). Dexmedetomidine has better intraoperative shivering control during spinal anesthesia.


Icing flashover fault of transmission line is a major cause of power system failure. Current researches mainly focus on the study of the icing flashover characteristics of insulators and the evaluation model of flashover voltage with different influencing factors by artificial icing tests on insulators. However, the evaluation model of flashover voltage, which only considers a factor or a few factors, cannot fully reflect the insulator flashover voltage under the combination of all factors. Moreover, the current characteristics model of icing flashover is difficult to be used to forecast icing flashover fault directly due to the measurement errors. In this paper, support vector machine (SVM) and partial mutual information (PMI) method are adopted to forecast icing flashover fault considering the rapid development of data mining technology. Firstly, since the dimension of the input variable has important influence on the extensive ability of SVM model, PMI method is proposed to select the key factors for input variables. Secondly, the SVM model is trained and tested with the sample data to obtain the prediction model. Finally, the predicted results are compared with those of other models to prove its effectiveness.


Objective: To evaluate the risk of serious infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with etanercept or adalimumab between 2007 and 2012 in a single medical center. Methods: We retrospectively collected the demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and all episodes of serious infection during anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy. The incidence rate was calculated from the observed number of serious infections and patient-years of follow-up. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were made to identify the independent predictors of serious infection. Results: A total of 595 patients were included in the analyses: 319 (54%) treated with etanercept and 276 (46%) treated with adalimumab. The overall incidence rate was 6.45/100 patient-years: 5.05/100 patient-years for etanercept and 8.28/100 patient-years for adalimumab. The risk of serious infection was significantly higher in adalimumab than in etanercept (adjusted OR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.15-3.49, p=0.014). Advanced age at the start of TNF-α inhibitor therapy and chronic pulmonary diseases were associated with significantly higher independent risks for serious infection. Conclusion: The risk of serious infection in RA patients treated with adalimumab was significantly higher than that in RA patients treated with etanercept in this cohort.


Preface Micro Foundations of Price-Setting Behaviour: Evidence from Canadian Firms Relationship between Monetary Policy & Inflation Expectations: Comparison among Japan, the United State, & the United Kingdom An Evaluation of the ECB Policy Response to Changing Economic Conditions in Euro Area Member States Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism in Papua New Guinea Large Decline in Output Volatility: Evidence from China Monetary Transmission & Bank Lending Channel Under the Currency Board: The Case of Bulgaria, 1999-2010.


An electrochemical sensor for enantioselective recognition of electrochemically inactive phenylalanine (Phe) with high sensitivity was reported in this paper. The sensor was fabricated by the approach of thiolated β-cyclodextrin (SH-CD) assembled with Au nanoparticles, which were deposited on the glassy carbon electrode surface. The modified electrode was characterised by atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle. The sensor was used to conduct the enantioselective recognition of chiral Phe, and offered detection limits as low as 84 nM (S/N = 3). The possible mechanism underlying was discussed.


To meet the specification of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Correction Coil (CC) conductors, the 50 kA superconducting transformer has been designed which allows rating of conductor samples during different operating conditions at the Institute of Plasma Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP). The superconducting transformer consists of two concentric layer-wound superconducting solenoids with the primary inside the secondary. The 50 kA secondary conductor consists of 4 turns of rectangular cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) type used of the 0.87 mm NbTi superconductor strands. This paper describes the basic principles of superconducting transformer, the designed concept of the 50 kA superconducting transformer.


The formalism of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation at low temperatures is developed, leading to a new relaxation time T and a straightforward method ~ of interpreting very low temperature relaxation data. Data for 60 co in Fe, Ni, d C h t . d f 56c ' F . . d Th f NMR . . t d an o os s an or o 1n e are summar1ze . e use o 1n or1en e nuclei for determining relaxation times is discussed, and some comments are made on the role of frequency modulation in NMR experiments with oriented nuclei.


We address the problem of extracting multiple independent sources from a single mixture signal. Standard independent component analysis (ICA) approaches fail if the number of sources is greater than the number of mixtures. The sparsedecomposition method [1] has been proposed for this case. It relies on a dictionary of atomic signals and recovers the degree to which various dictionary atoms are present in the mixture. We show that the sparse-decomposition method is in fact a support-vector machine (SVM). The training inputs for the SVM are the dictionary atoms, and the corresponding targets are the dot product of the mixture and atom vectors. The SVM perspective provides a new interpretation of the sparse-decomposition method's hyperparameter, and allows us to generalize and improve the method. Most importantly, the source signals do not have to be identical to dictionary atoms, but rather we can accommodate a manyto-one mapping of source signals to dictionary atoms—a classification of sorts—characterized by a known non-linea r transformation with unknown parameters. The limitation of the SVM perspective is that it cannot recover the signal strength of an atom in the mixture; rather, it can only recover whether or not a particular atom was present. In experiments, we show that our model can handle difficult problems involving classification of sources. Our model may be particularly useful for speech signal processing and CDMA-based mobile communication, where in both cases we have knowledge about the invariances in the signal.


The price of agricultural land and its value are of importance when forming the production potential of agricultural enterprises. The price of land marked an irregular development in the period 2006–2007 having increased in the majority of the EU states. The proportion of rent to the market price of land referred to as the capitalization rate kept varying within the range of 2–3%. The price of a site should, besides the land rent, also reflect the interest on the land rent received. The price of agricultural land with respect to the land rent manifests relatively important price inertia. This inertia in connection with a high growth rate of land rent results in the unrealistically high interest rate. Such situation is an evident advantage for land owners and is, on the contrary, a disadvantage for the tenants of the agricultural land. To make the interest rate realistic means especially stabilizing the land rent with low growth rates. These growth rates are different for different states. In general it can be maintained that the relative increase in land rent should not surpass 4%, exceptionally 6%.


A total of 168 finishing pigs were used to investigate the effects of gender (barrows and gilts) and transport densities for slaughter (236, 251, and 275 kg/m²) on stress indicators and carcass and pork quality. The animals transported at 251 kg/m² (T251) presented cortisol values below those at 236 kg/m 2 (T236), but no different from those at 275 kg/m 2 (T275). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values in pigs transported at T236 were the lowest. The blood components did not differ between T236 and T275. The pH values at 45 min (pH 45 ) and at 24 h (pH 24 ) postmortem were higher for pigs subjected to T236. However, the pH 45 was higher at T251 than at T275, but pH 24 was lower at T251 than at T275. The lightness values in the muscles of the pigs transported at T236 and T251 were higher than those at T275. Lower drip loss values were observed in the muscle of animals at T251. Carcasses of pigs at T236 contained more 1–5 cm lesions while those at T275 contained more 5–10 cmlesions in sections of loin. No significant effects of gender were found on the stress indicators, blood components, pH 45 , pH 24 , color, drip loss or carcass lesions in general. These results indicate that the pre-slaughter transport of pigs at densities of 251 kg/m² generates less physiological damage and smaller losses on carcass and pork quality irrespective of gender.


Introduction: Assessing Student Achievement in General Education (Trudy W. Banta). Use of Standardized Tests. The National Assessment of College Student Learning: Current and Future Activities (Sal Corrallo). The Washington State Assessment Experience (Robert M. Thorndike). Reliving the History of Large-Scale Assessment in Higher Education (Trudy W. Banta). Use of Locally Designed Instruments. The Role of Assessment in Linking Faculty Teaching to Student Outcomes (Anne G. Scott). Assessing Individual Generic Skills. Assessment Measures (Gary R. Pike). Assessing Information Literacy and Technological Competence (Trudy W. Banta, Howard R. Mzumara). Washington State University Critical Thinking Project: Improving Student Learning Outcomes through Faculty Practice (Diane Kelly-Riley). Assessing Students' Moral Awareness (James JF Forest, Bruce Keith). An Innovative Measurement of Communication Outcomes: Self-Perception (Anne Hummer). Community College Strategies: Using a Capstone Course to Assess General Education Outcomes (Scott Hunt). Assessment Methods Applicable Across Knowledge and Skills Areas. A Multiplicity of Learning: Capstones at Portland State University (Terrel L. Rhodes, Susan Agre-Kippenhan). Closing the Feedback Loop in Classroom-Based Assessment (Barbara E. Walvoord, Barbara Bardes, Janice Denton). Community College Strategies: The Butler County Community College Individualized Student Assessment Pilot Project (Phil Speary). Course-Embedded Assessment: A Teaching Strategy to Improve Student Learning (Donald W. Farmer). Systemwide Assessment of Utah's General Education Courses (Philip I. Kramer).


3 Abstract: The article formulates the definition and main features of B2B market. The economic entities of B2G are classified, structural scheme of interaction between the entities of this market is given. The relationship between demands at B2C, B2B and B2G markets are shown. Dynamics of B2G market has been analyzed, its place in Russian economy is identified. Classification of markets by users' type is given, their main differences are identified


This paper analyzes the situation and likely problems of the current risk management through affirming the current risk, combined with analysis of final financing accounts, and then puts forward a systematic and normative differentiating model for the efficiency of risk management to points out the amount which is the most effective to invest in risk management of information security. Then the paper points out the link between the investment of risk management and the loss of security incidents through further analyzing based on transaction.


The sorption of zinc(II) in the presence of nonionic surfactants (alkylmonoethers ALM-10, oxyethylated alcohols OS-20) in the hydrogen-containing form of Purolite C 106 carboxylic acrylcationic exchanger has been investigated to consider the possibility of the simultaneous control of both Zn(II) and surfactants in sewage effluents. Sorption isotherms were measured, both distribution and diffusion coefficients were calculated, and the progress of zinc(II) sorption in various forms was estimated. The sorption of zinc(II) cations, the molecules of surfactant, and the products of their interaction take place simultaneously. The mutual action of zinc(II) and the surfactant leads to an increase in the rate of their intraparticle diffusion and the degree of saturation of the cation exchanger. However, it also leads to a decrease in the equilibrium sorption of both zinc(II) and surfactant. The sorption of free molecules of surfactant is predominant. Zinc(II) take-up proceeds as follows: 1) free cations on the basis of complex (ionic + coordinate) bonding; 2) free cations on the basis exclusively of coordinate bonding; 3) cations bonding to the surfactant molecules.


Some recent studies have shown that cooperative cache can improve the system performance in wireless P2P networks such as ad hoc networks and mesh networks. All these studies are at a very high level, leaving many design and implementation issues unanswered. In this project, design and implementation of cooperative cache in wireless P2P networks is considered, and solutions to find the best place to perform caching is proposed. A novel asymmetric cooperative cache approach is proposed, where few nodes need to cache the status of the nodes in their vicinity. This solution reduces the overhead of all nodes caching status of all other nodes. The results show that the asymmetric approach outperforms the symmetric approach in traditional 802.11-based ad hoc networks by removing most of the processing overhead. Keywords—Wireless Networks, P2P networks, cooperative cache.


The fourth edition of the World Health Organization classification recently described two types of cervical adenocarcinoma: usual type and gastric type. These two sets differ with histology, immunostaining, HPV status, and prognosis. The tumor of a gastric-type cervical adenocarcinoma consists of mucinous epithelium invading the endocervical stroma in variably sized, simple, and often angulated cystic glands, with some solid areas and folded papillae. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


16.34 cm, 25.27 g, 5.17 cm and 2.64 cm. All testicle measurements differed significantly (P < .Ol) between breeds. The diameter, length and'weight of BR testicles were larger than those of the BX by 15.5%, 12.7% and 41.2% respectively. SX testicles were similar to those of the BX with the reciprocal crosses of BR x BX and BX x BR intermediate between BX and BR. When the significant effect (P < -01) of body weight was removed by covariate analyses the diameter, length and weight of the HSS and HSR were similar to those of the BR. Analyses of the ratio diameter/length showed that the testicles of the BR, HSS and HSR were the least elongated while those of the BX were the most elongated. . The small testicles of the B,X are consistent with their lower fertility compared to the BR (Seifert and Kennedy 1972). Accurate fertility figures are not yet available for the SX but it is interesting to note the similarity of testicle .sizes between them and the BX. The differences between breeids in testicle size which are consistent with the differences in fertility could possibly be used to validate the use of testicle measurements as a measure of fertility within breeds. COULTER, G.H., ROUNSAVILLE, T.R. ,and'FOOTE, R.H. (1976). J. Anim. Sci.


We are withdrawing the immediate final rule for Utah: Final Authorization of State Hazardous Waste Management Program Revision published on April 10, 2003, which approved the tenth revision to Utah's Hazardous Waste Rules. We stated in the immediate final rule that if we received comments that oppose this authorization, we would publish a timely notice of withdrawal in the Federal Register. Subsequently, we received comments that oppose this action. We will address these comments in a subsequent final action based on the proposed rule also published on April 10, 2003, at 68 FR 17577. DATES: As of May 29, 2003, we withdraw the immediate final rule published on April 10, 2003, at 68 FR 17556. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kris Shurr (8P–HW), phone number: (303) 312–6312, 999 18th Street, Suite 300, Denver, Colorado 80202–2466, email: email@example.com.


Scientific Journalist During '70s four satellite were launched for the direct study of the external planets of the solar system and for the investigation of the heliosphere, the space surrounding the Sun till a distance of about 100 AU (Astronomic Unit, equivalent to the medium distance between Sun and Earth). Actually, the heliosphere is the space dominated by the solar emissions: electromagnetic radiation and corpuscular radiation (solar wind). The four satellites were: Pioneer 10 (1972), Pioneer 11 (1973), Voyager 1 (1977) and Voyager 2 (1977). The two Pioneers are now missing in space, while the two Voyagers are still connected via radio with Earth. Nearly 35 years after their launch, they are now crossing the heliopause, the relatively thin layer in which the solar wind and the stellar wind become equivalent. In particular, Voyager 1 will be the first human object to leave the empire of our star. The data gathered by the two Voyagers are giving us an approximate idea of the structure of the heliosphere and the action of the Sun in this extremely far regions.


Potentially unwanted programs (PUP) are a category of undesirable software which includes adware and rogueware. PUP is often distributed through commercial pay-per-install (PPI) services. In this work we perform what we believe is the first analysis of the economics of commercial PPI services. To enable the economic analysis, we propose a novel attribution approach using entity graphs that capture the network of companies and persons behind a PUP operation, e.g., a commercial PPI service or a set of PUP. We analyze 3 Spain-based operations. Each operation runs a commercial PPI service, develops PUP, and manages download portals. For each operation, we collect financial statements submitted by the companies and audit reports when available. This data allows us to analyze not only the operation revenues, but also their profits (and losses), which can widely differ from revenues depending on operational costs. Our analysis answers 6 main questions. (1) How profitable are the commercial PPI services and the operations running them? We measure that the three operations have a total revenue of 202.5Me, net income (i.e., profits) of 23M e, and EBITDA of 24.7M e. Overall, expenses are high and margins low. (2) What are the revenue sources of the operations? The largest source of revenue is the PPI service, which provides up to 90% of an operation's revenue. But, we also observe the operations to draw revenue from advertising, download portals, PUP, and streaming services. (3) How has the PPI business evolved over time? Peak revenue and net income happened in 2013 and there was a sharp decrease starting mid-2014 when different vendors deployed new defenses that significantly impacted the PPI market, which did not recover afterwards. (4) How many companies are involved in an operation? We find that each operation runs from 15 up to 32 companies, but most of them are shell companies. (5) How many persons are involved in an operation? We find that a small number of 1–6 persons manage each operation. (6) How long have the operations been active? Operations start as early as 2003, but the PPI services do not operate until 2010–2011.


This paper describes joint research by the ONS and Southampton University on the evaluation of several different approaches to the local estimation of ILO unemployment. The need to compare estimators with different underlying assumptions has led to a focus on evaluation methods that are (partly at least) modelindependent. Model fit diagnostics that have been considered include various residual procedures, crossvalidation, predictive validation, consistency with marginals, and consistency with direct estimates within single cells. These have been used to compare different model-based estimators with each other and with direct estimators.


Kerberos is a network authentication protocol. It is designed to provide strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography. Kerberos was created by MIT as a solution to network security problems. The Kerberos protocol uses strong cryptography so that a client can prove its identity to a server (and vice versa) across an insecure network connection. After a client and server have used Kerberos to prove their identity, they can also encrypt all of their communications to assure privacy and data integrity as they go about their business. In this paper we tried to implement authentication and transaction security in a Network using Kerberos. This project is embedded with Authentication Server application and used to derive a 64 bit key from user's password. This key is used by authentication server, to encrypt ticket granting ticket + session key. The key generated by authentication server will be used by the client at the time of transaction through the transaction server to authenticate that transaction client is valid or not.


Coordinative development of urban and rural areas is an important part of regional economic coordinated development,and also important way in solving urban-rural dual structure,narrowing the gap between strategic decision-making.Based on ESDA-GIS spatial analysis framework and the statistical data of 87 counties(cities,districts) of Gansu Province in 2007,the level of coordinative development of urban and rural differences in the overall and local spatial patterns were studied.17 indicators were selected as the basic variables for the urban and rural coordinative development evaluation,and an index system was built up to calculate the composite index of the urban and rural coordinative development.According to the principle of eigenvalue greater than 1,four main components,government regulation factor,economy and urbanization factor,living standards factor and facilities level factor,were selected,whose cumulative variance contribution rate was up to 80.96%.General statistical characteristics of the four main factors show that the frequency distribution of factor values are skewed,the data deviated from the center,and morphology is also a lack of symmetry.The results indicate that government regulation,economic and urbanization,living standards and building a greater degree of geographical differences exist.After calculating the synthesized scores of every administrative district,the paper makes use of ESDA-GIS framework to analyze spatial difference of coordinative development of urban and rural areas of county area in Gansu.The Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA),which based on the computing spatial auto correlation and spatial heterogeneity,is also used to detect the geographical dynamics of Gansu' regional disparity patterns.There are significant positive spatial autocorrelation(Moran's I) of coordinative development of urban and rural areas level in Gansu.Moran's I Scatter plots and LISA(Local Indicators of Spatial Association) cluster maps are used to test the local pattern of the coordinative development of urban and rural areas level.The result illustrates that the spatial pattern of coordinative development of urban and rural areas comprehensive level in Gansu is more advanced in north-western region than that in south-eastern region;and the region development is mainly driven by the growth poles,such as Lanzhou,Jiayuguan-Jiuquan,Jinchang-Wuwei,Baiyin;there is prominence spatial difference between region development and the two-side club(high level club and low level club)convergence exists in the coordinative development of urban and rural areas in Gansu.The region around Hexi Corridor and region of Lanzhou Baiyin,have become the high level club convergence,and the central,east and south region maybe in the"general poor trap".The self factors parallel combination of counties' government regulation and facilities level are not in equilibrium.It has been proved that ESDA-GIS spatial analysis makes spatial heterogeneity of coordinative development of urban and rural areas more distinctly,and strengthens its visualization.


The opposite polarizability and inductive effects of the substituent groups on the gas phase acidity of alcohols and silanols are analyzed on the basis of a simple model that relates the proton affinity to the dipole polarizability. Inductive (electrostatic) effects are represented in terms of the variation in electronic chemical potential mediated by local softness at the basic center of the conjugated bases. Electronic (polarization) effects may be probed by the variations in local softness at the basic site. In alkyl alcohols, polarizability effects outweigh inductive effects, while in the corresponding silanol series, the opposite trend is observed. These results are in agreement with the experimental model of substituent effects proposed by Damrauer et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4431):  alkyl groups decrease silanol acidity, in contrast to alkyl group effects in alcohols.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the original study of an industrial device. Industrial inductors are used to decrease the current variations, resulting from the use of modern power converters. To reduce these variations, the magnetic energy stored in these components is automatically used when the receptor is unconnected to the principal sources. Such storage is generally obtained by using a magnetic circuit containing air‐gaps. The rigidity of this circuit, associated with the magnetic stresses which appear in these areas, causes the structure to produce mechanical vibration and to emit audible sounds.Design/methodology/approach – Experiments, simulations and test devices are used to determine the main physical phenomenon that generates the undesirable audible noise. The resulting knowledge is used to design a quieter device.Findings – The mechanical vibrations and emitted noises are attached to magnetic effects. Even if it is not possible to suppress all these effects, the level of sou...


Objective:Through the modern literature research,analyse the major depression syndrome and the symptoms in order to provide the reference for depression of clinical and basic research.Methods:Through the database online retrieval combined with manual retrieval,according to the inclusion criterion and canonical name,statisticalize frequence of depression syndrome and symptoms were analyzed.Results:The top 10 frequency depression syndromes are:liver depression,heart-spleen deficiency,intermingled phlegm and qi,liver depression and spleen deficiency,depressed liver qi transforming into fire,blood stasis due to qi stagnation,liver-kidney yin deficiency,yin deficiency with effulgent fire,spleen-kidney yang deficiency,worry hurting spirit.And the main symptoms of every syndrome were determined.Conclusion:The above results provide important reference for the clinical and basic research about depression syndrome.


Williams and Fieger (1946) found that Lactobacillus casei could be grown continuously in a medium containing only traces of biotin if oleic acid was present at a suitable concentration. Trager (1947) observed a similar effect with a neutral oil (designated FSF) obtained from hydrolyzed horse plasma. This material, which had some biotin activity for chickens as well as for bacteria, permitted full growth of L. casei even in the presence of enough fresh egg white to inactivate completely any traces of biotin which might have been present in the medium. These results have been confirmed and extended (Williams and Fieger, 1947; Axelrod, Hofmann, and Daubert, 1947; Hofmann and Axelrod, 1947; Williams, Broquist, and Snell, 1947). Lecithin exerts growth-stimulating effects on the lactic acid bacteria (Bauernfeind, Sotier, and Bowff, 1942; Strong and Carpenter, 1942) and can replace oleic acid for organisms requiring this material (Williams, Broquist, and Snell, 1947). It can also replace biotin in the growth of L. casei (Trager, unpublished). Since the effects of lecithin may be supposed to be a result of its oleic acid content, it seemed of interest to investigate the effects of lysolecithin, which differs from lecithin in that it does not contain an unsaturated fatty acid.


Most of the views about the Mast Cell functions had concentrated to the effects of mast cells in immunohypersensitivity. But in recent studies, many investigators have found Mast Cells also related to the tumorigenicity, cleaning of blood fat, vascular growth, functions of nervous system, sexual cycle variation of reproductive system, parasite exclusion and tableland hypoxia. Fathormore Mast Cells make an important anti bacteria role in Immune system of human being. This new discovery increase the possibilities of prevention and cure of infection through self immune system rather than use antibiotics, and may use cure cancer and improve life qualities of cancer receptors.


Economic advances,education goes ahead.As an improtant component part of education,the adult education is a new-style educational system,which develops from traditional education of ordinary school to lifelong education;the main way to built studying-society and improve the whole nation's quality of science-culture;the indispensable ingredient orgnizing the system of lifelong education in the contemporary education;the productive force who advances socialist economic construction and development in China.So,it is necessary to develop adult education for our country's economic construction.


Objective To retrospectively study the operating status of rural cooperative medical care in Beijing in the period of Bare-foot doctors,in order to deeply understand its process of implementation,development and break-up.Methods The multiple stage stratified sampling was taken for questionnaire survey,in-depth interview and collection of the statistic and historical materials from 100 villages of 22 townships in 5 districts of Beijing in July 2009.Results System of cooperative medical care provided a powerful guarantee for farmers to obtain the most basic medical and public health service in the period of Bare-foot doctors.Conclusion The development of cooperative medical service in outer suburbs and counties of Beijing can be divided into four phases of budding,exploring,development and decline.There is still some successful experience worth reference nowadays in its organizational management,financing mode and system operation.


Objective To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) and total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH). Methods The clinical data of forty-three patients undergoing LAVH were compared with those of 50 patients undergoing TAH. Results Two groups were performed smoothly, with no complications. The bleeding measurement during surgery, anal exhaust time, hospitalization time, in group LAVH were less than those in group TAH(P 0. 01). And the time of the operation in LAVH was longer than that in group TAH(P0. 01). Conclusion LAVH has advantages of faster recovery, wound beautiful appearance, and good healing. LAVH is worth clinical application.


A new development in psycholinguistics is the use of regression analyses on tens of thousands of words, known as the megastudy approach. This development has led to the collection of processing times and subjective ratings (of age of acquisition, concreteness, valence, and arousal) for most of the existing words in English and Dutch. In addition, a crowdsourcing study in the Dutch language has resulted in information about how well 52,000 lemmas are known. This information is likely to be of interest to NLP researchers and computational linguists. At the same time, large-scale measures of word characteristics developed in the latter traditions are likely to be pivotal in bringing the megastudy approach to the next level.


Being engaged in any occupation is human being's main activity of existence. The classification of occupations and its historical development is closely related to shaping the history of intelligence, spirits and morals. Therefore, occupying activities have an important effect on vocational humanizing, which is with no end, but it's easier to stress excessively to one sideness of technique, skill. So we have to let humans pay attention to the value of spirits, try to struggle for the view of the vocational humanizing itself repeatedly. As a result, we can develop our creativity and a better understanding of the vocation duties, realize the sublime mission.


Patients who receive more than 3000 cc of tumescent solution occasionally develop potentially dangerous tachycardia, and may develop a paniclike reaction of symptomatic overload about 12 hours postoperatively. This article describes how premedication with the beta-blocker tenormin (atenolol) prevents this complication of tumescent liposuction anesthesia.


The excess enthalpies of binary and ternary solutions composed of ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethylphosphate [Emim][DMP], water, and methanol (or ethanol) were measured with an adiabatic calorimeter at 298.15 K and under normal atmospheric pressure. The experimental data for three sets of binary solution [Emim] [DMP] (1) + H2O(2)/CH3OH(2)/C2H5OH(2) were correlated with the Gibbs–Helmholtz, the nonrandom two liquid (NRTL), and the universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) equations. The binary interaction parameters in the NRTL and UNIQUAC models were obtained and used to predict excess enthalpies of ternary solutions [Emim] [DMP](1) + CH3OH(2) or C2H5OH(2) + H2O(3). The results show that the excess enthalpies of ternary solutions are negative across the whole range of concentrations, which indicates that the [Emim] [DMP] mixed with H2O, CH3OH, or C2H5OH is exothermic. Meanwhile, the average relative deviations (ARD) between the experimental and correlated excess enthalpies for the three sets of ...


The invention provides a freshness-preserving bag for mango normal atmospheric temperature storage and belongs to the technical field of freshness preservation. The packaging bag is obtained by splicing a film D and a film E. The specification of the packaging bag is D20E80, namely, the area of the film D accounts for 20%, and the area of the film E accounts for 80%. The freshness-preserving bag for mango normal atmospheric temperature storage breaks through low-temperature limitations of external conditions, experiment design and experiment research are directly conducted at the normal atmospheric temperature, and therefore the freshness-preserving bag is more convenient to use in actual application in the future and relatively easier to operate; control over the low temperature is not needed, and a retailer incapable of meeting the low temperature condition can prolong the freshness preserving time of mangos; the cost is relatively low; through the design of the multifunctional freshness-preserving films, the freshness-preserving bag for mango normal atmospheric temperature storage is more novel and more selling, and the mangos can be preserved for up to two weeks at the normal atmospheric temperature.


The AlGaAs/GaAs selectively doped heterostructure transistor (SDHT) demonstrates reduced short channel effects in comparison with conventional GaAs MESFETs since the channel of the FET is confined to a two dimensional electron gas. Very short propagation delays have been demonstrated previously for submicron direct coupled FET logic circuits'. In order to reliably produce submicron gate devices, a lift-off method for defining 0.50 pm gates in AlGaAs/GaAs SDHT circuits has been developed. The gate is defined in a tri-level resist system consisting of EBR-9 as the imaging electron beam resist, germanium as the intermediate level, and PMGI as the bottom resist. The EBR-9 was chosen for its sensi-tivity and high feature resolution. Germanium insures good adhesion to both resists, and is an excellent etch mask for the PMGI. The PMGI was selected because the resist can be chemically removed at low temperatures, making it suitable for a lift-off process. Electron beam direct writing, utilizing an EBES 1112 writing system, defines the gate pattern in the EBR-9 imaging layer of the trilevel resist. EBES III is a 20 keV, 20 MHz raster scan machine with a 0.25 μm morainal spot size. Machine throughout is approximately two 50 mm wafers/hour. A global alignment scheme references the gates to the gold metal based ohmic level pattern. Following the wet development of the imaging resist, the germanium is reactive ion etched using SF6 as the etchant gas. The PMGI is subsequently etched in an oxygen plasma. In order to facilitate the lift-off process the etch is tailored to reproducibly provide a small amount of controlled undercut in the resist. The new process is compatible with the metallization and self aligned recess etch of the SDHT technology. The methods for developing the resist, maintaining gate length, and controlling the undercut in the trilevel will be discussed. In addition, the performance of devices and circuits fabricated using this process will be discussed.


Abstract : The Housing Operation Management System (HOMES) electronically processes all the information needed to maintain the installation's housing operations. These operations, which encompass government housing, community housing, engineering functions, leasing, furnishings, budgeting, and the family housing survey, will be managed by nine HOMES modules. Housing information is typed in at a terminal and stored as electronic data in a central file known as the HOMES data base. This data may be accessed and updated instantly with online processing, or at a later time with batch processing that generates a number of printed reports. All the housing data in HOMES is protected by security codes and passwords assigned to each user.


In this article we describe the process followed in the creation of the "Hopscotch Model," a tool to help novice researchers thoroughly design qualitative research studies while learning the philosophical underpinnings of this particular form of research. The model helps to incorporate the theoretical background behind any qualitative study, as well as the intrinsic complexity of the multiple technical procedures that could be followed within the many different traditions in the field. Hopscotch is supported by an easy to use web-tool that drives potential users through the design of qualitative studies. In this article we describe the phases followed to generate the conceptual model and the web-tool. We conceived the Hopscotch model as a "boundary object," plastic-enough to adapt to local needs and constraints of the stakeholders using it, yet robust enough to maintain a common identity across different communities, frameworks and possible scenarios in which it could be employed. Therefore, the proposed model is not intended to be complete nor prescriptive, but a flexible tool that can evolve and be completed by anyone. Even though a formal evaluation of the model and web-tool has not been conducted, in this work we present usage data supporting the usefulness of our proposal.


Abstract: A glycoprotein ATPase in cholinergic synaptic vesicles of Torpedo electric organ was solubilized with octa‐ethylene glycol dodecyl ether detergent. Study of potential stabilizing factors identified crude brain phosphatidylserine, glycerol, dithiothreitol, and protease inhibitors as of value in maintaining activity. The ATPase was purified from the solubilized, stabilized material by glycerol density gradient band sedimentation velocity ultracentrifugation, and hydroxyl‐apatite, wheat germ lectin affinity, and size exclusion chromatographies. The pure ATPase had a specific activity of about 37 μmol ATP hydrolyzed/min/mg protein. After sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified material typically exhibited three polypeptides of molecular masses 110, 104, and 98 kilodaltons (kDa) and a fourth diffuse polypeptide of 60 kDa. This composition suggests that the ATPase is a member of the P‐type, or phos‐phointermediate‐forming, family, but it was shown to be distinct from the ouabain‐sensitive Na+,K+‐ and Ca2+‐stimulated Mg2+‐ATPases. The purified vesicle enzyme was rapidly phosphorylated by [γ‐32P]ATP on about 14% of the subunits with molecular weights of 98,000‐110,000. About 16% of the ATPase was phosphorylated in whole‐vesicle ghosts in a manner consistent with formation of a phosphointermediate, thus confirming the P‐type nature of this enzyme


cally focused on Harper's agenda for reform to take up the kinds of topics, modes of evidence, and supporting scholarship necessary to make a sufficient case about something so general and large scale as the closing phrase of his title suggests. Such an investigation, it seems to me, might properly be the subject of a somewhat different sort of study. But these minor objections seem hardly the place to close. Rather, I leave you with Stancliff's conclusion, which directs our critical eye from nineteenth-century rhetoric to the readers' twenty-first-century responsibilities: ''The rhetorical pedagogy forwarded in the work of Frances Ellen Watkins Harper challenges us still to reflect critically on our own rhetorical practices as a matter of social as well as compositional craft, a set of habits that either close or open possibilities for useful knowledge and social change'' (165).


INTRODUCTION
In pregnancy care, ultrasound is used to detect pregnancy-related complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the use of ultrasound in monitoring pregnant women in a primary care facility for the purposes of reducing maternal and neonatal mortality.

PATIENTS AND METHOD
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from February 16, 2009 to April 16, 2009. Interviews were conducted with pregnancy women who had an ultrasound was recommended by a health worker or requested by the women. A Comprehensive recruitment strategy was used. The variables studied were sociodemographic characteristics, the indications or reasons for the ultrasound scan, the results of the ultrasound examination, the final diagnosis and the recommended behaviors.

RESULTS
A total of 353 pregnant women aged between 15 and 45 years underwent an ultrasound examination. Sixty-six percent (66.3%) of the prescribers were midwives. In terms of pregmancy related pathologies, the main reasons for the ultrasound were pelvic pains (5.4%0, bleeding in the first trimester (4%0, and dystocia (3.7%). The main results were dystocic presentations (4.2%0, pregnancy loss (4%), and causes of bleeding in the first trimester (2.5%). As a result of these findings, 9.3% of at-risk women were sent to a specialized hospital.

CONCLUSION
Ultrasound contributes to reducing maternal and dneonatal mortallity in primary care facilities. The results suggest that the health authorities need to improve equipment in primary care facilities to include ultrasound as a diagnosis tool in order to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.


This paper describes an approach for affine-invariant object recognition by iconic recognition of image patches that correspond to object surfaces that are roughly planar. Each surface is recognized separately invariant to its 3D pose, employing novel affine-invariant spectral signatures (AISSs). The 3D-pose invariant recognition is achieved by convolving the image with a novel configuration of Gaussian kernels and extracting local spectral signatures. The local spectral signature of each image patch is then matched against a set of iconic models using multi-dimensional indexing (MDI) in the frequency domain. Affine-invariance of the signatures is achieved by a new configuration of Gaussian kernels with modulation in two orthogonal axes. The proposed configuration of kernels is Cartesian with varying aspect ratios in two orthogonal directions. The kernels are organized in subsets where each subset has a distinct orientation. Each subset spans the entire frequency domain and provides invariance to slant, scale and limited translation. The union of differently oriented subsets is utilized to achieve invariance in two additional degrees of freedom, i.e. rotation and tilt. Hence, complete affine-invariance is achieved by the proposed set of kernels. The indexing method provides robustness in partial distortion, background clutter, noise, illumination effects and lower image resolution. The localized nature of the Gaussian kernels allows independent recognition of adjacent shapes that correspond to object parts which could have different poses. The method has yielded high recognition rates in experiments over a wide range of slant, scale, rotation, and tilt with a library of 26 gray-level and infra-red models, in the presence of noise, clutter and other degradations.


The function of national education is to shape the character and civilization of the nation, while developing the potential of students to be faithful, devoted, have noble character, be capable, creative, independent, democratic, and responsible. This study was to determine whether there is an effect of using environmental-based practicum methods on the identification of the types of protists on cognitive learning outcomes, interest in learning, and students' affective values. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental. (1) The effect of cognitive learning outcomes, the value of t count is greater than t table (27.793 > 2,000), (21.145 > 2.001). (2) The effect of interest in learning, the value of t count is greater than the value of t table (42.268 > 2,000), (36.030 > 2.001). (3) The effect of students' affective scores: the t-count value is greater than the t-table value (20,044 > 2,000), (30,734 > 2,001). There is a significant effect of using environmental-based practicum methods on cognitive learning outcomes, interest in learning, and affective values


Omar ibn Said, Mohommah Baquaqua, and Nicholas Said, three remarkable African Muslims entangled in slavery, "converted" to Christianity under duress. This article argues that their life stories reveal the interplay of coercion and subversion in each life, becoming narratives of cultural syncretism that transcend geographical, theological, and linguistic divides and complicate traditional understandings of the slave narrative.


, the Court of Justice was asked to considerapparent conflicts between free movement rights fundamental to market integrationand the exercise of a right to strike otherwise lawful under national law. It fell to theCourt to determine how the economic and social dimensions of the European projectshould be reconciled. This article examines how a key political decision came to beleft to the Court, and the potential consequences of its findings. It is argued that theCourt'straditional approach infreemovement casesmaybeunsuited totheresolutionof conflicts between the economic and the social. In particular, the extension of thedirect effect of Treaty provisions relating to free movement so as to catch the actionsof trade unions is problematic, especially in the light of the tests for justification andproportionality employed by the Court.


Abstract
Objective: The National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2010 was utilized to examine risk factor variables of diabetes-related complications and foot inspection practices of health care


More than 900 discovered near-earth objects (NEOs), which size exceeds 140 meters, are designated as potentially hazardous natural objects (PHNOs), in other words asteroids and comets which can be a threat to Planet Earth. Experts believe that the total amount of PHNOs consists of more than 6000 objects.The existing factors such as the active media coverage, the states' and international organizations' attention and the public interest provoke the urgency of the asteroid threat issue. Due to baffling complexity of this problem and expensiveness of projects considering its solution the goal of prevention of the asteroid threat can be accomplished only with the consolidated efforts of the whole international community.The article concentrates on the main directions of international cooperation in the sphere of the asteroid threat prevention. The international policy concerning the NEO hazard can be divided into four groups:detection, observation and exploration of NEOs;development and use of interception, deviation and destruction measures to the PHNOs;monitoring and warning of the PHNOs;informational and educational work.


Background Students and workers have been subjected to increased levels of psychological distress due to the quarantine policy and containment measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review aimed to present an overview of published evidence regarding formal and informal help-seeking intentions/behaviors for non-mental health-related issues as well as mental health-related issues among students and workers during the pandemic. Methods In June 2022, we searched MEDLINE, APA PsycNet, and CINAHL for articles reporting the state of help-seeking intentions/behaviors among students and workers during the pandemic. Peer-reviewed original articles published in English were selected. Results In total, 150 articles were identified, and 12 articles were selected for final analysis after removing articles that met the exclusion criteria. Three studies targeted university students, and nine targeted healthcare workers. Study settings were restricted to Western countries and China. Of the 12 studies, 11 were observational and predominantly cross-sectional studies. Two longitudinal studies using student samples suggested that university students became more reluctant to seek help from both formal and informal sources during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before, despite the increased need for support during the pandemic. Among healthcare workers, the proportions of those who sought help from formal sources in person were low (7–26%), even among those with mental health issues, despite the increase in the need for mental health services. One randomized controlled study reported that a brief video-based intervention increased treatment-seeking intentions among healthcare workers in the intervention group compared with the non-intervention group. Conclusions The present review revealed that, although most studies included in the final analysis were cross-sectional, intentions/behaviors to seek help from both formal and informal sources decreased among university students, even those with mental health issues. Among healthcare workers, while the frequency of help-seeking from formal sources in person was low, a brief online intervention was suggested to be useful for promoting help-seeking from formal sources. During public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, system and infrastructure development of online help-seeking services could potentially promote formal and informal help-seeking intentions/behaviors for diverse issues, including non-mental health-related issues, among university students and healthcare workers/providers. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.23-00095.


Tensors have found application in a variety of fields, ranging from chemometrics to signal processing and beyond. In this paper, we consider the problem of multilinear modeling of sparse count data. Our goal is to develop a descriptive tensor factorization model of such data, along with appropriate algorithms and theory. To do so, we propose that the random variation is best described via a Poisson distribution, which better describes the zeros observed in the data as compared to the typical assumption of a Gaussian distribution. Under a Poisson assumption, we fit a model to observed data using the negative log-likelihood score. We present a new algorithm for Poisson tensor factorization called CANDECOMP--PARAFAC alternating Poisson regression (CP-APR) that is based on a majorization-minimization approach. It can be shown that CP-APR is a generalization of the Lee--Seung multiplicative updates. We show how to prevent the algorithm from converging to non-KKT points and prove convergence of CP-APR under mil...


Contains conference paper (7 pages) and presentation (39 slides).-- Talk delivered at the conference "Research Information Systems: Integration for Open Access to Scientific Outputs" held Apr 2nd, 2014 at the CVTI SR in Bratislava, Slovakia.


One hundred and thirty-seven California quail (Lophortyx californicus) were collected from the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia and examined for helminth parasites during the summers of 1965 and 1966. The following helminth species were found parasitizing California quail from four study areas: two cestodes, Rhabdometra odiosa and Choanotaenia infundibulum, and one nematode, Acuaria spinosa.R. odiosa was recovered from quail from all areas; the other two species were less common and more restricted in distribution. The frequency of infection for R. odiosa was 53.8% in adult quail and 45.8% in juvenile quail. Intensity of infection for R. odiosa was 13.5 specimens from adult and 22.4 from juvenile quail. For C. infundibulum the frequency was 1.5% from adult and 9.7% from juvenile quail; intensity was 2 and 1.7 specimens from adult and juvenile quail respectively. A. spinosa was recovered from three adult quail in 1965; none were found in 1966. Neither C. infundibulum nor A. spinosa has previously been r...


Disclosed herein are methods and devices for repairing articular surfaces in a knee joint. The articular surface repairs are customizable or highly selectable for each patient and geared toward providing optimal fit and function. Kits are also provided to enable customized repairs to be performed.


Daily nonwork travel by urban households frequently involves visits to several destinations during a single roundtrip from home or several round trips. This paper describes a disaggregate approach to modeling the demand for nonwork travel, including multidestination travel. The approach is presented in two parts. First, a theoretical framework for modeling the demand for nonwork travel is developed that uses tours (i.e., round trips from home) and sojourns (i.e., visits to nonwork destinations) as the basic units of travel, and relates tour frequency, sojourn frequency, and destination choice to household characteristics, destination characteristics, and transportation level of service. An empirical model of nonwork travel demand that is based upon the theoretical framework is then presented. The empirical model enables tour and sojourn frequencies, destination choice, and nonwork vehicle-kilometers traveled to be computed as functions of household characteristics, destination characteristics, and transportation level of service. Several tests of the validity of the empirical model are described. The model was found to perform well. /Author/


Generating faulty data is a key issue in fault injection. The faulty data include not only the ones of extreme values or bad formats, but also the ones which are logically unreasonable. Constraint-based fault injection which negates interface constraints to solve faulty data is effective for logically unreasonable data generation. However, the existing constraint-based approaches just solve brand new data for testing. Such brand new data may easily violate some hidden environment constraints on the test inputs and hence be nonrealistic. Besides, there can be different strategies to negate a constraint in order to derive the constraint-unsatisfied faulty data. What are the possible negation strategies and which strategies are better for high coverage fault injection are still unclear. To these ends, this paper presents a new constraint-based fault injection approach. The approach introduces 10 different strategies for constraint negation and relaxes constraint variables to generate faulty data instead of solving brand new data for fault injection. It can produce faulty data which are closer to the original non-faulty ones and hence likely to be more realistic. We experimentally investigated the effectiveness and cost of the introduced constraint negation strategies. The results provide insights for the application of these strategies in fault injection.


Wide bandgap (WBG) power devices such as silicon carbide (SiC) can viably supply high speed electrical drives, due to their capability to increase efficiency and reduce the size of the power converters. On the other hand, high frequency operation of the SiC devices emphasizes the effect of parasitics, which generates reflected wave transient overvoltage on motor terminals, reducing the life time and the reliability of electric drives. In this paper, a SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) based two level (2L) inverter is systematically studied and compared to the performance of Si insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) based three level (3L) neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter topologies, for high speed AC motor loads, in terms of efficiency, overvoltages, heat sink design, and cost. A fair comparison was introduced for the first time, having the same output voltage capabilities, output current total harmonic distortion (THD), and overvoltages for the three systems. The analysis indicated the convenience of using the SiC MOSFET based 2L inverter for lower output power. In the case of the maximum output power, the heat sink volume was found to be 20% higher for the 2L SiC based inverter when compared to 3L NPC topologies. Simulations were carried out by realistic dynamic models of power switch modules obtained from the manufacturer's experimental tests and verified both in the LTspice and PLECS simulation packages.


The likelihood of false-positive results from screening mammography is high, but little is known about women's knowledge of and attitudes toward this


A reversible conversion of the cubic {ital trianionic} fulleride superconductors Na{sub 2}RbC{sub 60} and Na{sub 2}CsC{sub 60} to orthorhombic structures is observed at modest pressures ({le} 3 kbar) and ambient temperature. Structure refinement based on synchrotron powder x-ray profiles reveals polymer chains with 9.35 A intermolecular separation, comparable to that in the metastable {ital monoanionic} dimer and polymer phases of KC{sub 60} and RbC{sub 60}. In contrast, K{sub 3}C{sub 60}, Rb{sub 3}C{sub 60}, etc. are stable to much higher pressures due to their larger lattice constants at ambient pressure.


We previously reported that female offspring of dams subjected to chronic prenatal stress (CPS) develop enhanced visceral hypersensitivity (VHS) following exposure to chronic stress in adult life that is mediated by up‐regulation of spinal cord BDNF. The aims of this study were to examine the roles of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and an increase in spinal serotonin signaling in promoting this enhanced VHS in female rats and up‐regulation of spinal cord BDNF transcription.


Research on class bias in military service has focused on service and death among the economically disadvantaged during the Vietnam War. This study uses the war records of elite colleges to examine elite participation in five major wars. Significant differences in elite participation across wars are found, with lower rates during the Civil, Korean, and Vietnam Wars and higher rates during the World Wars. The similarities between Korea and Vietnam indicate that political unrest related to the Vietnam War was not the sole cause of low levels of elite participation. Changes in the size and structure of the post–World War II military are hypothesized as alternative causal factors.


Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in upper aerodigestive tract remains challenging due to the rigidity and insufficient workspace of existing instruments, and inappropriate balance between compliance and stiffness in flexible instruments. In this letter, a flexible surgical robotic instrument, featuring a shape memory alloy (SMA)-based continuously variable length bending joint (CVLBJ), was developed for TORS. The integration of the CVLBJ allows bending length adjustment, leading to enhanced distal workspace compared to traditional fixed length flexible instruments. The instrument also exhibits variable stiffness capability via the length variation of the CVLBJ and the SMA temperature variation. The quasi-static, kinematics, and stiffness model were developed to evaluate quantitatively the instrument workspace and stiffness range. The instrument was experimentally characterized and shown to provide a range of bending configurations suitable for the easily accessible oropharynx and the less accessible larynx, and stiffness range between 0.21 N/m and 1.83 N/m that is sufficiently large for tissue manipulation tasks. The instrument was also demonstrated to be capable of accurate motion tracking, given significant payload and 3D trajectory references. The proposed CVLBJ-integrated flexible instrument offers the variable length and variable stiffness properties missing in existing instruments that could potentially improve the clinical outcomes of TORS.


Absorption spectra, excitation, emission, and luminescence yield in the concentrated phosphors NaCl-Ag, NaBrAg, and KCl-Ag, with activator from 0.01 to 3 mol.% (in melt), were investigated. (R.V.J.)


This dissertation examines how human-animal relationships were formed through daily equine trade networks in early modern Germany. As reflections of human cultural values and experiences, these relationships had a significant impact in early modern BraunschweigLüneburg both on the practice of horse breeding and veterinary medicine and on the gendering of certain economic resources, activities, and trades. My study relies on archival and cultural sources ranging from the foundational documents of the Hannoverian stud farm in Celle, tax records, guild books, and livestock registers to select pieces of popular and guild art, farrier guides, and farmers' almanacs. By combining traditional social and economic sources with those that offer insight on daily life, this dissertation is able to show that in early modern Germany, men involved with equine husbandry and horse breeding relied on their economic relationship with horses' bodies as a means to construct distinct trade and masculine identities. Horses also served as social projections of their owners' bodies and their owners' culture, representing a unique code of masculinity that connected and divided individuals between social orders. Male identities, in particular, were molded and maintained through the manner of an individual's contact with equestrian trade and through the public demonstration of proper recognition of equine value. My study ultimately demonstrates that early modern tradesmen each possessed a number of overlapping cultural identities, which together influenced the direction of state policy and popular economic practices in eighteenth century BraunschweigLüneburg. A product and a motor for reconstruction after the Thirty Years War, farmers bred and took care of the bulk of the German horse population on a daily basis throughout the early modern period. Farmers developed a new socioeconomic identity as tradesmen-farmers, which depended on emphasizing male farmers' usage of horses over the much more common, widespread, and traditional usage of oxen in agriculture. This newly developing male trade identity did not recognize a corresponding female trade identity beyond her non-trade specific social rank as wife and general help-mate. While medieval agrarian ideals celebrated German peasant couples working the land together and fulfilling their feudal obligations in joint labor, agrarian ideals of the late seventeenth century came to emphasize the agricultural knowledge and


• Following the principles of low-cost, energy saving, low polluting and sufficient thermal, humidity and acoustic insulation of soil blocks as a construction material, there is an increasing interest to study clay adobe elements. This study presents a mathematical model for predicting the relationship between uniaxial compressive stress and corresponding strain which can be useful for simulating the structural behavior of plain and short fiber reinforced adobes with concrete damage plasticity model in ABAQUS. In this direction, the compressive properties of four different plain and short fiber reinforced adobes was measured in experimental tests. From the obtained results, the essential parameters of the stress-strain curves for all various mix design specimens were extracted for numerical modeling. By a statistical study on the various results of compressive tests as available in the related literature, the proposed equations were developed for predicting the necessary parameters when the only needed experimentally determined parameter is the peak compressive stress. The suggested model is compatible with the behavior of different adobes with different composition, compacting, curing and testing condition. • The recommended model and formulations are to some extent more successful in predicting the linear and nonlinear behavior of different adobes according to other models.• Finally, a mathematical model is developed for predicting the inelastic range of the compressive stress-strain curve.


The dynamical system behaviour and thermal evolution of a homogeneous and isotropic dissipative universe are analyzed. The dissipation is driven by the bulk viscosity and the evolution of bulk viscous pressure is described using the full causal Israel–Stewart theory. We find that for s  =  1/2 the model possesses a prior decelerated epoch which is unstable and a stable future accelerated epoch. From the thermodynamic analysis, we have verified that the local as well as the generalised second law of thermodynamics are satisfied throughout the evolution of the universe. We also show that the convexity condition is satisfied at the end stage of the universe which implies an upper bound to the evolution of the entropy. For , the case s  <  1/2 is ruled out since it does not predict the conventional evolutionary stages of the universe. On the other hand, the case s  >  1/2 does imply a prior decelerated and a late de Sitter epochs, but both of them are unstable fixed points. The thermal evolution corresponding to the same case implies that GSL is satisfied at both the epochs but convexity condition is violated by both, so that entropy growth is unbounded. Hence for s  >  1/2 the model does not give a stable evolution of the universe.


Predictions of meteor orbits and radiant points are presented for Earth-approaching minor planets discovered before the end of 1989. All meteor orbits available from the IAU Meteor Data Center (Lund Observatory) are compared to our predictions, and, on the basis of orbital similarity, possible identifications are found. Besides (3200) Phaethon, the parent body of the Geminids, (2201) Oljato is likely to be another most probable candidate for an extinct comet, belonging to the Taurid complex


Nanjing is rich of sports tourism resources,which give this city great advantage of developing and huge potentiality of sports tourism market.But,in the same time,there are some problems of this business.How to solve these problems? This article will try to give us the answer,and that will make Nanjing sports tourism industry healthy developing.


An effective and universal method for calculating capacitance matrix is presented in this paper. Calculations for extracting the capacitance of a multilayer medium are rather time consuming when traditional approaches are used. To accelerate the procedure, the concept of the numerical Green's function is proposed. A database is constructed using the technique of interpolation to acquire the elements of the matrix, and then the Method of Moments (MoM) is used to solve the integral equations. The effectiveness of the present method is justified by the results given in the literature. The present approach is particularly effective in synthetic problems. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 529–531, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20024


The materials presented below concern the questions of utilization of airborne SAR operating at four frequencies (4, 23, 68 and 254 cm). Results of algorithms for inverse problem solution (which is incorrect) development are presented. These problems are the moisture profile determination, detection of subsurface cracks, splits, cavities and so on using the results of radar mapping at different wavelength ranges. The outputs were approbated to explain the results of radar sensing in the regions of desert with water lenses.


This article presents an approach to teaching Francophone Sub-Saharan African literature that incorporates literary and cultural analysis for students inexperienced with these texts. Assuming that most American students lack knowledge about African cultures, this method-known as the 3R model-directs students to an understanding of how the literary elements (language, images, and rhythm or form) of each text represent the author's cultural reality. Through an analysis of David Diop's A une danseuse noire, this article illustrates the three-stage process of an approach that integrates multisensory experiences of the target culture to provide an African gaze on Francophone Sub-Saharan literature.


The authors report on the teaching investigation in which students explore the organisation and grouping of data. They highlight the type of thinking needed to represent grouped data in graphs.


The invention relates to a CDMA and wired broadband-based system for realizing intelligent home security. The system comprises an intelligent terminal mainframe, a user terminal and a network video monitoring cloud platform. The intelligent terminal mainframe comprises a security alarm function module; a network video monitoring function module for performing remote monitoring video to the home; an intelligent gateway function module; and a CDMA mobile phone communication module for informing the user terminal via a CDMA network while the security alarm function module detects an abnormal condition. By using this structure, the CDMA and wired broadband-based system for realizing intelligent home security automatically monitors the safety state of the home, and realizes the intelligent home security, and automatically alarms while there is the abnormal condition. The system has fireproof, anti-theft and anti-hijack functions and supports SOS one-key help button alarm to enable the user to be relieved, thereby greatly improving user experience and having wider application range.