Objective To explore the influence of gestation timing on lupus flares and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods Retrospective analysis were done on the clinical data and pregnancy outcomes of 31 pregnant women with SLE.According to SLE activity or not during initial pregnancy,31 pregnant women were divided into SLE without activity group(Group A,19cases) and SLE activity group(Group B,11 cases).The lupus flares,pregnancy outcomes and obstetrical complications were compared between two groups.Results ①The highest systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index(SLEDAI)in Group A was 4.26±2.9,and which was 11.5±3.0 in Group B,which was significant lower(P0.05);one maternal death occured in Group B.②The rate of fetal loss in Group A(0) was obviously lower than that of,Group B(27.3%),P 0.05.③The gestational age at birth and the body weight of newborns in Group A was(37.8±3.5)weeks and(2710.0±810.0)g respectively,which was(33.1±2.1)weeks and(2061.0±540.0)g in Group B,which was obviously higher(P 0.05).Conclusion To suggest SLE patients to plan to get pregnancy when their SLE is stable.Careful monitoring,rational use of medications,and timely termination of pregnancy are the critical factors in improving the outcomes of both mothers and infants among SLE patients.


This article analyses 24 selected photographs—organized into two photo series—about one particular catastrophic event: the impacts of Merapi Volcano's eruption in Java, Indonesia, on October to November 2010. These photographs are made by two different groups of profession, professional photojournalists and volunteers, who worked in relatively same locations during the post-eruption. The analytical methods are informed by Roland Barthes' thought on semiotics as well as critical theories in visual media specifically photography. This critical reading leads me to found distinctive representations constructed by each photo series. There are three elements that create this kind of representations, they are the relation of subject-object, visual codes, and visual perception. The first photo series made by professional photojournalists represent disaster event as a paradox: between "destruction" and "beauty" of the nature. Meanwhile, the photo series photographed by volunteers more focus on representation of the survivors in rehabilitating their lives. All these findings result in the conclusion that shows the role of photography—on perception and memory construction regarding time, space, body and mind—is exceedingly relative, particularly relating to catastrophe and disaster.


The title compound, C35H30N2S3, has been synthesized by a solvent-free reaction. The molecule exhibits an E,E configuration, the benzene rings and pyrimidine rings being located on the opposite sides of the C=C bonds. The centroid–centroid separation of 3.5808 (17) Å indicates the existence of π–π stacking between nearly parallel pyrimidine and benzene rings of adjacent molecules.


PLASMONIC NANOMATERIALS: PART II. SURFACE COORDINATION CHEMISTRY AND ITS APPLICATION TO AND CATALYSTS. In this second part we will discuss how surface chemistry properties of plasmonic nanomaterials can be tailored by applying coordination chemistry, supramolecular and materials chemistry approaches, in which nanoparticles with well-controlled features conjugated with properly chosen molecules are the basis of functional organized structures that can be applied as high sensitivity sensors and high efficient photocatalysts. To achieve this level of control the interactions between the nanomaterials surface and the chemical environment surrounding it, the metal-ligand interactions on the materials surface and the electrons and energy transfers at the interface should be well understood. Therefore, we will show how the Surface Enhanced Raman Effect (SERS) can be explored to study the nanomaterials interface. Finally, we will discuss the role of plasmonic nanomaterials in sensors, more specifically SERS sensors, and photocatalysis.


Objective To carry on preliminary research on interference effects of freeze-dried attenuated Hepatitis A vaccine(H2 strain)on testing residual Bovine Serum Albumin content by ELISA kit. Methods Interference test was conducted according to Appendix VIII, Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Vol III,2010 edi), and the interference level and its possible resources were explored. Results The protective additives of HAV live vaccine do have certain interference on determining residual BSA content by ELISA kit, among which Cysteine and Glutamic acid might play the leading roles. The general BSA recovery rate is 54% to 85%. We assessed the interference degree by using series of different concentration of single amino acid ingredient: cysteine (0 to 0.2%),glutamic acid(0 to 0.8%). We found BSA recovery rate always higher than 70% with 0 to 2mg/ml (0.2%) cysteine, lower with 0.5 to 2mg/ml than with 0 to 0.5mg/ml and did not differ between 0.5 and 2mg/ml cysteine; And the BSA recovery rates were up to 100% if we applied Glutamic acid (concentration not higher than 0.1%) as an interference. It deserves to be mentioned that the interference effects of Glutamic acid become more stronger along with concentration rising from 0.1% to the peak 0.8%(8mg/ml),the test results showed to be not higher than 2.5ng/ml when we set 20ng/ml BSA standards as a target sample, so that the recovery rate is not more than 12.5%. Conclusion The real value of residual BSA content of HAV vaccine should be reported based on the extent of interference. Here when the result appeared to be negative by ELISA we would report as <2.5 ng/ml and as < 5ng/ml if the testing value showed between 0 and 3ng/ml. And what we have done might be a reference to the other enterprises on optimizing the protocol for cryopreservation or evaluating the residual BSA content results.


In this paper, a stereo vision-based robot servoing control approach is presented for object grasping. Firstly, three-dimensional projective reconstruction with two free-standing CCD cameras and homogeneous transformation are used to specify the goal grasping position and orientation of a robot hand. Secondly, a stereo vision-based servoing problem is formulated, and a stereo vision-based servoing control algorithm which is independent of robotic dynamics is proposed. Using this algorithm, a set of velocity reference inputs can be obtained to control the motions and velocities of the robot hand during the visual servoing. Thirdly, the methods for coping with the time delay of image processing and the CCD camera calibration are put forward. Lastly, the effectiveness of the present approach is verified by carrying out several experiments on object grasping using a 6 degrees of freedom robot. Its stability and robustness as well as flexibility are also confirmed by the experimental results.


The results of research projects on heavy plates funded by the ECSC over the past decade are demonstrated by some examples. Significant progress has been made in developing assessment procedures guaranteeing the integrity of steel structures, in particular for safety sensitive components in bridges, pressure vessels or offshore systems. Projects dealing with static or fatigue loading situations have been distinguished and Anally an outlook on current and proposed projects is given.


The invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the middle-multi path video information combined process and display. The method comprises the following steps: while the initialization, according to the video view of the paths and the positioning point of an electronic map view, confirming the coordinate changing relation from the part image coordinate system of each path video to the overall map coordinate system; according to the pixel information of each path of video image data, achieving the detection and track for the mobile target and sorts of high-level information extraction base on the information, achieving the transmission of the same target of the different scenes in the entire monitoring scene; regularly obtaining the position and other information for the mobile target, transferring the position and information from the part image coordination system to the overall electronic map coordinate system, and combining the information to two-dimensional plane image of the overall electronic map coordinate system to display the target, which enable people understand the overall situation of the monitoring area intuitively.


Purpose – The objective of this research study is to examine the complicated relationship between work motivation, job satisfaction, job dissatisfaction, and turnover intention of the housekeeping staff in selected four and five-star hotel properties in Jordan by using Herzberg's Two-Factor theory. Design – A survey design was implemented in this research study. The sample for this research study consists of individuals working in the housekeeping departments of four and five star international hotels in Jordan. Methodology – Cluster analysis, correlation, and t-test were utilized for data analysis. The two-step clusters method was used to cluster groups based on the mean values of job dissatisfaction, as it is a unique concept that explains Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory and also the work-related behaviour of employees. Approach – The validity of Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory will be examined as well as examining the complicated relationship among work motivation, job satisfaction, job dissatisfaction, and turnover intention. Findings – The results of this study revealed that there is no relationship between job dissatisfaction of housekeeping staff and job satisfaction, and between job dissatisfaction and job motivation. However, there was a positive relationship between their job satisfaction and work motivation and also between their job dissatisfaction and turnover intention. No relationship was found between their work motivation and turnover intention and between their job satisfaction and turnover intention. Among all fourteen motivational factors, work itself (4.25 out of 5.00) and achievement (4.24 out of 5.00) were ranked at the top, which is consistent with Herzberg's findings. Salary was the least satisfied/preferred factor in this study. Originality of the research – Having a separate job dissatisfaction construct in a research study is a very unique concept that Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory (1959) developed and which also contributes to the uniqueness and originality of this study.


CONTENTS page A. Introduction to the provisions of Austrian civil procedural law........................1 1. Court fees......................................................................................2 2. Lawyers consulting and representation fees .........................................5 ▪ prohibition of a quota litis arrangement............................................5 3. Expert fees, translation and interpretation fees.......................................7 4. Witness compensation.....................................................................7


Two upcoming missions are scheduled to provide novel spaceborne observations of upwelling far‐infrared spectra. In this study, the accuracy of ice cloud property retrievals using spaceborne middle‐to‐far‐infrared (MIR‐FIR) measurements is examined toward a better understanding of retrieval biases and uncertainties. Theoretical sensitivity studies demonstrate that the MIR‐FIR spectra are sensitive to ice cloud properties, thereby providing a robust means for retrieving cloud properties under nighttime conditions. However, the temperature dependence of the ice refractive index and relevant ice particle shape models need to be incorporated into the retrieval procedure to avoid systematic biases in inferring cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius. Furthermore, prior information of subpixel cloud fractions is essential to mitigation of substantial systematic retrieval biases due to inconsistent subpixel cloud fractions.


The purpose of the literature retrieval course is to improve students 'information quality,let it be an effective way to improve students' information literacy,so that students have the information retrieval,analysis,synthesis,evaluation,judgment,organizational capacity and utilization,focusing the ability to develop students' knowledge mining and knowledge innovation for the future to further study,work,research and lay a solid foundation.Combined with the actual situation of the school for teaching methods,content,materials selection effects and other aspects of the literature retrieval course discuss how to carry out reforms.


This paper analyzes asymmetries in direct investment positions reported in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) following a top down approach. First, it examines asymmetries at global level; second, it examines asymmetries between CDIS reported and derived data for individual economies; and third, the paper analyzes data at bilateral economy level. Then, the paper explores seven main reasons for asymmetries, including those arising even when economies follow international standards. Finally, the paper includes a section on addressing bilateral asymmetries and concludes with specific planned actions to reduce asymmetries, including initiatives led by international organizations.


In the title compound, C28H23ClN2O3S, the central imidazolidine ring adopts a twisted conformation and the S atom has distorted tetrahedral geometry. The crystal packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O, C—H⋯π and π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8302 (10) Å].


The transition of students with disabilities from programs serving birth to 2-year- olds to preschool special education programs serving 3 to 5-year-olds in public schools and other agencies must be accomplished through communication and collaboration between parents and professionals. This article highlights how to enable parents to make an informed decision in the selection of a future program for their child. It further identifies factors parents may wish to consider in selecting a new preschool program: home-based vs. center-based, time in program, curriculum, family support, and family involvement in the educational program.


As a critical element in rotating machines, remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of rolling bearings plays an essential role in realizing predictive and preventative machine maintenance in modern manufacturing. The physics of defect (e.g. spall) initiation and propagation describes bearing's service life as generally divided into three stages: normal operation, defect initiation, and accelerated performance degradation. The transition among the stages are embedded in the variations of monitored data, e.g., vibration. This paper presents a multi-mode particle filter (MMPF) that is aimed to: 1) automatically detect the transition among the three life stages; and 2) accurately characterize bearing performance degradation by integrating physical models with stochastic modeling method. In MMPF, a set of linear and non-linear modes (also called degradation functions) are first defined according to the physical/empirical knowledge as well as statistical analysis of the measured data (e.g. vibration). These modes are subsequently refined during the particle filtering (PF)-based bearing performance tracking process. Each mode corresponds to an individual performance scenario. A finite-state Markov chain switches among these modes, reflecting the transition between the service life stages. Case studies performed on two run-to-failure experiments indicate that the developed technique is effective in tracking the evolution of bearing performance degradation and predicting the remaining useful life of rolling bearings.


essential in inquiries into the incidence of certain diseases, has appeared to me inapplicable in this particular inquiry. I would submit that it may be concluded: 1. That there is a very remarkable disparity of longevity in different districts of England and Wales. 2. That this disparity is closely related to density of population. 3. That mere movement of population from country to town, whilst probably tending to make the disparity appear greater than it really is, has on the other hand 'probably no very considerable effect upon the figures.


Thank you very much for downloading lucy sullivan is getting married marian keyes. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen books like this lucy sullivan is getting married marian keyes, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer. lucy sullivan is getting married marian keyes is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the lucy sullivan is getting married marian keyes is universally compatible with any devices to read.


This chapter looks at the ideas underpinning the definition of species. After outlining a standard model of species applicable to sexual organisms, it looks more broadly at the multiple forces that cause lineages to diversify into multiple distinct and independently evolving groups. 'Independently evolving' is defined and illustrated by reference to different kinds of organisms: sexuals, asexuals, prokaryotes, and hybridizing taxa. It then discusses whether forces of diversification truly act to generate discrete units, as proposed by the 'species model', and outlines some possible alternatives for the structure of diversity, such as a continuum of increasingly independent forms. The chapter emphasizes concrete theory that makes testable predictions to distinguish alternative models of the structure of diversity.


The status is reviewed of the lattice studies of confinement by dual superconductivity of QCD vacuum. Progress is made by proving that the existence and the creation of a monopole are gauge invariant concepts. This proof fully legitimates an existing order parameter, and with it the evidence it provides of monopole condensation in the confining vacuum.


The paper is dedicated to the memory of prominent theoretical physicist and mathematician Dr. Vadim Kuznetsov who worked, in particular, in the fields of the nonlinear dynamics, separation of variables, integrability theory, special functions. It includes his short research biography, an account of the start of his research career and the list of publications.


Adders are basic functional units in computer arithmetic. Binary adders are used in microprocessor for addition and subtraction operations as well as for floating point multiplication and division. Therefore adders are fundamental components and improving their performance is one of the major challenges in digital designs. Variable latency adders have been recently proposed in literature. A variable latency adder employs speculation: the exact arithmetic function is replaced with an approximated one that is faster and gives the correct result most of the time, but not always. The approximated adder is augmented with an error detection network that asserts an error signal when speculation fails. Speculative variable latency adders have attracted strong interest thanks to their capability to reduce average delay compared to traditional architectures. This paper proposes a novel variable latency speculative adder based on Han-Carlson parallel-prefix topology that resulted more effective than variable latency Kogge-Stone topology. The paper describes the stages in which variable latency speculative prefix adders can be subdivided and presents a novel error detection network that reduces error probability compared to previous approaches.


The study was developed on the basis of strategic human-resource management to explore the influence process of readiness for change, change self-efficacy and change organizational commitment in organizations while adopting the human resource management practices of high performance work systems. The subjects for this study were financial industry employees in Taiwan. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed from January 1st, 2011 and 357 questionnaires were collected by February 15th, 2011 of which 13 questionnaires were invalid and 344 questionnaires were valid, representing a 68.8% valid response rate. The relationships among variables were discussed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), analysis of variance and structural equation models (SEM).Empirical findings include: 1.High performance work systems has significant effect on readiness for change. 2. Readiness for change has significant effect on change organizational commitment. 3. Readiness for change have intervening effect on high performance work systems and change organizational commitment. 4. High performance work systems has significant effect on change self-efficacy. 5. Change self-efficacy has significant effect on change organizational commitment. 6. Change self-efficacy have intervening effect on high performance work systems and change organizational commitment. Keywords: High Performance Work Systems, Readiness for Change, Change Self-efficacy, Change Organizational Commitment


In optimal-control-based motion planning, it is often desired to obtain a proper (preferably smooth) function, referred to as the containment indicator function in this paper, that describes the shape of the free space. The paper studies the use of numerical conformal mapping for constructing the containment indicator function for an arbitrary two-dimensional geometry. The idea of using conformal mapping is to transform the original shape of interest into a simpler target shape (e.g. disk, rectangle), which can then be characterized by elementary functions. Computational methods for finding the desired conformal maps are also studied. The procedure can be formulated as a convex optimization problem and computed efficiently.


The status of Obidos Lagoon (Portugal) was assessed combining water quality, sediment quality, and oxidative stress responses in female shore crab Carcinus maenas. Two sites were surveyed in October 2005, one located in an impacted, confined inner branch (Barrosa) and another in the middle of the lagoon more influenced by the seawater input. Concentrations of ammonium and nitrate + nitrite were notably higher in Barrosa, although the differences in sediment metal contamination were minor. The availability of dissolved Mn, Cu, Ni, and Cd was higher in Barrosa, particularly in the morning, which suggests the influence of internal processes occurring near the sediment during the night. Female crabs captured at Barrosa exhibited alterations in hepatopancreas antioxidants, clearly indicating that the inner branch is a more polluted area. Crabs displayed increased activity of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase, as well as lipid peroxidative damage, whereas no differences were observed for total glutathione. Those significant responses were not accompanied by a significant elevation of metal levels in the hepatopancreas, suggesting that adverse effects may have been caused by the synergism of stressors.


This kit comprises: - a first implant (16) defining a window (26); - a second implant (18) having a second tubular body (42) intended to be arranged in the window (26). The second implant (18) includes a retaining member of the second implant (18) relative to the first implant. The kit comprises a ring (20) retaining the second implant (18) attached to the first tubular body (22) in the window (26) and defining an introduction passage (60) of the second implant (18). The retaining ring (20) is elastically deformable in the window (26) to allow a reversible increase of at least 20%, preferably at least 30% of the outer contour of the introduction passage (60).


demand for transportation, safety is an issue of major social concern and an area of extensive research work. The rate of accident in developing countries like India increases year by year. An accident is an unplanned and uncontrolled event, which occurred on a road open to a public traffic resulting in personal injury, damages to the property and loss of life in which at least one moving vehicle was involved. The location in a road where the traffic accidents often occur is called a Black Spot. To reduce this adverse effect of transportation the work towards road safety is become necessary now a day. The main objective of this paper is to find out black spots and to understand the importance of road safety audit in the developed as well as in developing country for reducing vulnerability of accident in the main corridor of urban area. For this research paper the study area selected is corridor of Narol to Naroda national highway-Ahmedabad city of Gujarat state. In today's world, road and transport has become an integral part of every human being. Everybody is a road user in one shape or the other. The present transport system has minimized the distances but it has on the other hand increased the life risk. Every year road crashes result in loss of lakhs of lives and serious injuries to crores of people. In India itself about eighty thousand people are killed in road crashes every year which is thirteen percent of the total fatality all over the world. The accident is of three types due to their effects or seriousness of accident, fatal accident, injury and property damage only. Man behind the wheel plays an important role in most of the crashes. In most of the cases crashes occurs either due to carelessness or due to lack of road safety awareness of the road user. Hence, road safety


Objective To explore the correlation between pulmonary arterial pressure and lung function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods Fifty nine cases of COPD patients in the People's Hospital of Ganzhou City from July 2011 to March 2012 were selected.Pulmonary artery systolic pressure,lung function and the correlation between pulmonary artery systolic pressure and lung function were analyzed.Result Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure of COPD had no correlation with lung function(r = 0.217,P = 0.105).Conclusion The damage of lung function of COPD had no relation with the formation of pulmonary arterial systolic pressure.


Authigenic carbonates are suitable archives for investigating past circulation events of methane-rich fluids on continental margins. Tracing fluid sources at cold seeps is important for better constraining the geological context in which they are expelled. Until recently, however, the origin of the fluids was mainly inferred using the stable isotopic composition of carbon and oxygen, which allowed discrimination between biogenic versus thermogenic source. The development of new proxies is needed to bring additional information on fluid sources on continental margins, and to better constrain changes in fluid composition through time. The rare earth elements (REEs) behave as a coherent group of elements, which have been used widely to provide information on mixing between water masses and biogeochemical processes in the ocean. Early diagenetic reactions in marine sediment (e.g. degradation of organic compounds, reduction of Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides) lead to strong enrichment of the REE contents in pore waters relative to seawater (up to 100 times). As a consequence, the application of REE geochemistry to cold seep carbonates is particularly well suited for investigating fluid sources in sediments from continental margins. In order to validate this new approach, and because the incorporation of the REE during carbonate precipitation may also be dependent on their mineralogy, it is important to determine the role played by mineralogy versus fluid chemistry in controlling the REE signature of cold seep carbonates. In this regard, the knowledge of partition coefficient for REE in the main carbonate phases encountered at cold seeps (aragonite, calcite and magnesian calcite) is crucial. In this study, we report REE partition coefficient for the carbonate phases typically found in cold seep environments (aragonite, calcite, magnesian calcite). The carbonate phases were precipitated by CO2-diffusion technique from artificial REE-doped seawater. The precipitation was carried out at a constant pH of 8.3. The role of temperature on the degree of REE partitioning into carbonate phases was investigated through several experiments at different temperatures (10, 25 and 40°C). X-Ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra confirmed the formation of well crystallized solids at the end of our experiments. The REE analyses for carbonate phases and both initial and final experimental batch solutions were analysed by ICP-SFMS after Tm addition(BAYON et al., 2009), whereas the Ca, Sr and Mg analyses were carried out by ICP-OES. The data presented here will be used to evaluate the potential of REEs as tracers of fluid sources at cold seeps.


The objective of the present study was to assess the evolution of nutritional status of children with central nervous system malignancies during radiotherapy. We evaluated 50 children, from July 2000 to August 2007, aged 2-10 years, of both sexes. Nutritional assessment was performed by history, the monitoring was performed weekly (data collected at the beginning and end of treatment) and used z scores of weight for age (WAZ), height for age (HAZ) body mass index for age (BMI/ A) according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO) from 2006-2007. For comparisons of anthropometric measurements at the beginning and end of radiotherapy, we used the paired Student t test. The level of significance was 0.05 and the statistical program used was SPSS, version 17.0. The anthropometric measurements performed confirmed the presence of eutrophia in most of the children (74% initially and 72% at the end of treatment), with no significant difference between time of assessment. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.00) in comparison to the z-score height in two periods. Children who had some type of symptom during treatment, such as anorexia (40%), nausea (36%), vomiting (34%), resulting from the irradiated anatomical region, showed no significant changes in body weight (p = 0.66). We conclude that Radiotherapy outpatients had adequate nutritional status, which was maintained during treatment.


A new species of Cirratulus Lamarck, 1818 is described from the shallow Antarctic waters of Deception Island (SouthShetland Islands). Cirratulus balaenophilus sp. nov. is the first cirratulid to be described from a fresh whale bone that wasexperimentally deployed for one year on the Antarctic sea floor. The species is characterized by the lack of spines andeyes, the number of dorsal tentacles arranged in an arc, and its light yellow-orange color in life. The cytochrome c oxidasesubunit I (COI) sequence is presented, as well as some remarks about its feeding preferences and ecology. A comparison with congeneric species occurring in Antarctica and adjacent waters is also provided.


This publication devoted to the Guggenheim initiated Variable Media Network project, designed by J. Ippolito, provides information on the preservation of artworks incorporating non-traditional media (primarily electronic and digital). It includes 15 essays situated within the context of three key subjects: perspectives of different organisations; methods used for the conservation of variable media artworks; and case studies on "preserving the immaterial." An appendix contains the list of Variable Media Network members, a list of related organisations, and a glossary of variable media terminology (8 p.).


The influential significance across individual vertices in a Wireless Network raises a concern for the effective evaluation for Centrality metrics. A graph-theoretical comparison between the behaviour of betweenness, closeness and harmonic centrality indices is conducted over a simple, dense wireless network. The authors propose an extended algorithm for harmonic centrality over wireless sensor networks. The inadequacy in the metrics obtained by betweenness and closeness indices are discussed in detail, showing the significance of harmonic centrality in leadership recognition across a network.


THE vitality of a manufacturing company depends in large measure upon its success in offering new and improved products to its customers. The concerns in the chemical industry are thoroughly committeed to this doctrine. They have translated theory to practice by investing heavily in research and development programs. Experience has proved to the industry the need for special handling of the problems involved in commercializing new products. On the production side, engineering development or pilot plant work has become generally recognized as the most effective way of bridging the gap between laboratory and industrial scale operation. On the sales side, commercial development is becoming widely established as a parallel function. The group responsible for promoting new products or new uses is given a variety of names and is variously located in the organization charts of different companies. Its activities may include wider responsibilities, such as the direction of sales service or application ...


Two types of packaged white light emitting diodes in which one has a flat-top (FT) emitting surface and the other is aflat-top-with-lens (FTWL) type are fabricated by using the same leadframe and investigated on their optical properties, such as optical power, luminous efficiency, correlated color temperature (CCT), chromaticity coordinate, and color-rendering index (CRI), as a function of phosphor concentration in silicone encapsulant. It is found out that the optical power, CRI, and CCT decrease steadily as the phosphor ratio increases, while the luminous efficiency increases up to a level and then drops after a certain value of the phosphor ratio for both types of packages. Due to the totally internal reflection (TIR) at the encapsulant-air interface, the FT package shows a 10∼11% power (in mW) reduction compared with the FTWL package at the same phosphor concentration. However, it is demonstrated that the FT package provides a more efficient way of utilizing phosphor than the FTWL package based on the same targeted chromaticity coordinates due to the TIR effect inside, resulting in a reduced phosphor usage with a lumen output only about 3% lower than that of the FTWL package.


AbstrAct Emerging pervasive computing scenarios involve client applications that dynamically collect information directly from the local environment. The sophisticated distribution and dynamics involved in these applications place an increased burden on developers that create applications for these environments. The heightened desire for rapid deployment of a wide variety of pervasive computing applications demands a new approach to application development in which domain experts with minimal programming expertise are empowered to rapidly construct and deploy domain-specific applications. This chapter introduces the DAIS (Declarative Applications in Immersive Sensor networks) middleware that abstracts a heterogeneous and dynamic pervasive computing environment into intuitive and accessible programming constructs. At the programming interface level, this requires exposing some aspects of the physical world to the developer, and DAIS accomplishes this through a suite of novel programming abstractions that enable on-demand access to dynamic local data sources. A fundamental component of the model is a hierarchical view of pervasive computing middleware that allows devices with differing capabilities to support differing amounts of functionality. This chapter reports on our design of the DAIS middleware and highlights the abstractions, the programming interface, and the reification of the middleware on a heterogeneous combination of client devices and resource-constrained sensors.


Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender and it is necessary whenever there is a change of national currency. The process of demonetization involves either introducing new notes or coins of the same currency or completely replacing the old currency with new currency.


One of the most significant issues related to urban public design is considering outdoor spaces for children to play. Children need to see their environment as a part of their life and learn to protect it. Furthermore, they develop social, emotional, and physical skills by playing outdoors. In some developing countries such as Iran, limited knowledge exists about the state of outdoor play areas for children in cities. This study highlights the need for planners and other land managers to consider the critical importance of the urban environment for play activities of children and its current status in Iran. Literature, studies, opinions and ideas on the value of play and outdoors for children in cities and the limitations of their outdoor play is explored; the issues and points obtained from the literature are analyzed. And the need for further research with children and rethinking for the allocation and design of children's open space in Tehran is highlighted. Consequently, the criteria to consider children's play spaces in city of Tehran are proposed. Accessibility, local government involvement, knowledge sharing, appropriate playground design and accounting on children's voice and view in design process are some criteria which are recommended to promote children's open space and outdoor play area in Tehran.


The extracellular matrix (ECM) and changes in the size and geometry of the extracellular space (ECS) in tumour tissue are thought to be of critical importance in influencing the migratory abilities of tumour cells as well as the delivery of therapeutic agents into the tumour. In 21 astrocytic neoplasms, the ECM composition was investigated in situ by the immunohistochemical detection of ECM glycoproteins (tenascin, laminin, vitronectin, fibronectin, collagen types I–VI). To explain the changes in ECS size and to detect barriers to diffusion in the tumour tissue, the ECM composition, the cellularity, the density of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)‐positive tumour cell processes and the proliferative activity of the tumours were compared with the size and geometry of the ECS. The ECS volume fraction and the complex of hindrances to diffusion in the ECS (i.e. the tortuosity) were revealed by the real‐time iontophoretic tetramethylammonium method. Increased proliferative activity of the tumours correlated with increased ECS volume fraction and tortuosity. The tortuosity of the tumour tissue was not significantly influenced by tumour cell density. Higher tortuosity was found in low‐grade astrocytomas associated with the presence of a dense net of GFAP‐positive fibrillary processes of the tumour cells. The increase in tortuosity in high‐grade tumours correlated with an increased accumulation of ECM molecules, particularly of tenascin. We conclude that the increased malignancy of astrocytic tumours correlates with increases in both ECS volume and ECM deposition.


year, 65%o settled from March through June, 8% from July through October, and 27% from November through February. There is thus an annual peak of spawning in spring, a secondary maximum during fall and winter, anld relatively little spawning during summer. The Salton Sea has a salinity near that of the ocean and has a marine-like fauna, but it is hardly a typical marine habitat. (The environmental aspects of the Sea have been discussed by Carpelan 1958). It may be, therefore, that the spawning of Neanthes in the Salton Sea follows a different pattern than it does in the ocean, and represents a special case from which no generalization regarding the spawning habit of this worm can be drawn. However, the data presented may be evidence in support of the view of Korringa that the spawning habit of NVcanthes is not a case of lunar periodicity. REFERENCES


Abstract 4922 Introduction. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin9s lymphomas (NHLs) that develop primarily in the skin but may progress to involve lymph nodes, blood, and visceral organs. CTCL is characterized by skin patches, plaques, tumors, and erythroderma. Pruritus is frequently associated with skin lesions in CTCL and may be severe. Some treatments have been noted to produce improvements in pruritus that appears to be independent of the response rate. Denileukin diftitox (DD, Ontak), a recombinant fusion protein targeting IL-2-receptor-expressing T lymphocytes, has demonstrated a significant effect on overall response rate with minimal immunosuppression in patients with CD25 assay-positive CTCL . For this post-hoc analysis, we used data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III clinical trial to assess the effect of DD on pruritus and overall skin condition in patients with CTCL. Patients and methods. Patients with CD25 assay-positive, stage Ia to III CTCL were randomized to receive 9 μg/kg/d DD (n=45), 18 μg/kg/d DD (n=55), or placebo (n=45). Study medications were administered on the first 5 days of a 21-day cycle for up to 8 cycles. Four grading scales were used to assess clinical signs and symptoms (Table 1). Results. Higher percentages of DD-treated patients experienced clinically significant improvements in skin-related symptoms than did patients on placebo during treatment and follow-up (Table 2). The differences between the proportions of patients in the placebo group experiencing clinically significant improvement and the proportions of those in the 18 μg/kg/d and combined DD dose groups were statistically significant for all 4 assessments. Substantially more DD-treated patients had ≥20% and ≥50% improvement in pruritus (relative to baseline) at any time than those receiving placebo; improvements were maintained for ≥6 weeks. The global skin score improvement and pruritus score improvement in both high dose and low dose groups were significantly correlated, with higher correlation in high dose group compared to low dose group (p=0.0004 vs p=0.0381). There is no correlation in placebo group for the two scores (p=0.3798). Improvement in pruritis was to some extent independent of response, as demonstrated by the proportion of agreement between tumor response and significant pruritus improvement (27% and 19% for high dose and low dose, respectively, in DD groups), based on Kappa concordance coefficient. Conclusion. Patients treated with DD, particularly at the 18-μg/kg/d dose, were more likely to experience clinically significant improvements in pruritus and other skin-related symptoms than were patients receiving placebo. DD was observed to improve pruritus independent of response. Disclosures: Kozlovski: Eisai Inc.: Employment.


Background: Working methods in education changed during the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, bringing new challenges to managers in education. Methods: Nonexperimental design of quantitative research was employed. Data was collected using an online survey. The research included 195 first-cycle nursing and physiotherapy students. Data was analyzed using SPSS software, v. 20.0. Results: Distance learning was favored more by women (M=4.0, SD = 1.3) compared to men (M = 3.5; SD = 1.4), more by full-time students (M = 4.1, SD = 1.3) compared to part-time students (M = 3.7, SD = 1.4), more by students with a previous secondary education nursing degree (M = 4.0; SD = 1.2). Discussion: During the pandemic, distance learning was organized, requiring the management to adapt quickly and make changes according to available IT solutions.


Aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition has been used in conjunction with new and bespoke precursors for the fabrication of highly nanostructured, mixed anatase-rutile phase TiO2. The resulting TiO2 films show exceptional...


The invention discloses a method for quickly building a road on a new reclamation sludge foundation, which comprises the steps as follows for construction: (1) arranging a working layer; (2) paving a sand cushion on the working layer; (3) arranging a vertical drainage body; (4) arranging a horizontal drainage channel in the sand cushion, wherein the horizontal drainage channel is connected with drainage and pumping equipment; (5) stacking and constructing in grades in an area to be reinforced; (6) travelling on the surface of the area to be reinforced to apply a moveable load by construction machinery, so as to pre-compress with a stacking load as a stationary load, and meanwhile starting the drainage and pumping equipment to drain so as to reinforce the foundation; and (7) after pre-compressing, removing the drainage and pumping equipment and plugging the horizontal drainage channel. The method provided by the invention solves the technical problem that a temporary or permanent road cannot be quickly built on the new reclamation sludge foundation, and a plenty of water bodies in the foundation are drained quickly by traveling load of the construction machinery combined with stacking pre-compression and drainage, and the water head in a drainage cushion is reduced, so that drainage smoothness is maintained and the reinforcing purpose is achieved.


Existing methods of unstructured point cloud compression usually exploit the spatial sparseness of point clouds using hierarchical tree data structures for spatial encoding. However, such methods can be inefficient when very deep octrees are applied to sparse point cloud data to maintain low level of geometric error during compression. This paper proposes a novel octree structure called truncated octree that improves the compression ratio by representing the deep octree with a set of shallow sub-octrees which can save storage without losing the original structure. We also propose a variable length addressing scheme, to adaptively choose the length of an octree's node address based on the truncation level—shorter (resp. longer) address when octree is truncated near the leaf (resp. root) which leads to further compression. The method is able to achieve 40% to 90% compression ratio on our tested models for point clouds of different spatial distributions. For extremely sparse point clouds, the method achieves approximately 7 times higher compression ratio than previous methods. Moreover, the method is designed to run in parallel for octree construction, encoding and decoding.


The phytochemistry and antimicrobial effect of the stem, bark and leave of Asparagus flagellaris were studied. The phytochemical screening of the stem, bark and leaves showed appreciable amount of flavonoid and moderate amount of carbohydrate, cardiac glycoside and saponin while reducing sugar, ketones and pentose were detected in traces. The ethanol extract inhibited the growth of six organisms viz Escherichia coli,
Corynebacteria, Klebsiella, Neiserra gonorrhoeae, Shegiella dysentariae and Candida albicans, at various concentrations, while the aqueous extract were susceptible on five organism namely Corynebacteria, Streptococcus pyogene, Proteus specie, Neiserra gonorrhoeae, and Treponema palladium. Keywords : Asparagus flagellaris, phytochemical, ethanol extract, aqueous extract and antibacterial screening. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies of Management Vol. 1 (2) 2008: pp. 44-48


The analysis of thermal and electrical properties of laser patterned ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) structures on polymer substrate have been presented in this paper. We used ITO layers to produce the coupled microheater and sensor, which are closed in one microsystem. The proposed structure of heating system can be used in wide research area, especially in biology and medicine. The coupled heater and sensor enable development an accurate heating systems with possibility of temperature controlling.


All animals must have a sense of touch, if only to avoid damage. The problem is to discover how much information about their environment the animals can derive from this sense. Octopus vulgaris has proved to be a useful tool for the investigation of how much a soft-bodied invertebrate animal can derive from contacts with its environment because it learns rapidly in the laboratory. The limits of its ability to discriminate can be deduced from the results of training experiments.


: Alkenyl boronic esters are important reagents in organic synthesis. Herein, we report that these valuable products can be accessed by the homologation of boronic esters with lithiated epoxysilanes. Aliphatic and electron-rich aromatic boronic esters provided vinylidene boronic esters in moderate to high yields, while electron-deficient aromatic and vinyl boronic esters were found to give the corresponding vinyl silane products. Through DFT calculations, this divergence in mechanistic pathway has been rationalized by considering the stabilization of negative charge in the C-Si and C-B bond breaking transition states. This vinylidene homologation was used in a short six step stereoselective synthesis of the proposed structure of machillene, however, synthetic and reported data were found to be inconsistent. reaction where styrenes are known to be more reactive than 1,1-disubstituted alkenes. [38] To our delight, the reaction provided diol 20 in 34% yield, with excellent diastereoselectivity, and with no evidence of reaction at the 1,1-disubstituted double bond. Starting material 11 was recovered (37%) and the C 2 -symmetric bis-dihydroxylation product 21 was obtained in 13% yield. After a second dihydroxylation reaction using the pseudo-enantiomeric reagent and subsequent ring-closing, [39] the target molecule was obtained. Unfortunately, upon comparison of the reported NMR data with that of our synthetic sample, significant differences were observed. The considerable deviations (see S.I. for tabulated data) led us to the conclusion that the issue was not related to stereochemistry, but instead was likely due to a misassignment in the connectivity of the molecule. Further efforts to elucidate the structure of machillene are currently underway in our laboratory using a combination of computational and synthetic methods. In summary, we have developed a new protocol for the vinylidene homologation of boronic esters that provides access to a diverse range of 1,1-disubstituted and trisubstituted vinyl boronic esters. Computational studies have revealed that both the Peterson and boron-Wittig pathways are feasible but the Peterson pathway is favoured because boron can better stabilize the negative charge developing on the α-carbon in the transition-state of the elimination step. The methodology was used in a short, stereoselective synthesis of machillene but, upon comparing the reported and synthetic NMR data, it was clear that the structure of the natural product had been mis-assigned.


Objective: To determine the influence of diabetic family history on diagnostic age of NIDDM (non-insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus) patients, and the different effects of parental hereditary backgrounds on the NIDDM incidence among their offspring. Methods: 199 NIDDM patients with family history (HZ+) and 273 individuals without family history (HZ-) were used to compare the difference in age of diagnosis, and the parental influence on the prevalence of NIDDM in offspring. Results: (1) The age of diagnosis of NIDDM patients with family history was much younger than that of those without family history (46.2 vs 52.2 yr, P0.01). (2) There were more maternal diabetic patients than paternal ones (36.7% vs 19.1%). (3) Parental diabetic history played the most important role in the onset of NIDDM. There were no interactions between different hereditary backgrounds. (4) The order of hereditary effect was as follows: motherfather second degree relatives silbings. Conclusion: (1) The NIDDM patients' age of diagnosis with hereditary influence is much younger than that of those without family history. (2) Maternal hereditary effect is greater than the paternal one. Each hereditary factor acts independently.


This study evaluates the ability of reflectance (R) and chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters to express the differences in foliar properties associated with varying light environment. In the summer of 2007 a tall crane was used to acquire foliar reflectance measurements and collect samples from sunlit and shaded tree crowns, from the upper and lower canopy of a mature tulip poplar (Lirodendron Tulipifera L.) forest. Leaf-level photosynthesis, R, ChlF spectra and kinetics and bio-physical parameters were measured on excised samples. The differences in the light environment greatly affected the spectral and biophysical data, especially the photosynthetic parameters (Amax, LUE, photochemical quenching, Qp, Qn, Qp/Qn). For sunlit foliage, ChlF kinetics (Fo, Fm, Fs, and Fv/Fm) were significantly lower than shaded foliage. Our analysis indicated that some of the tested spectral bio-indicators (e.g. PRI1, RE2, G035, Dmax) were strongly associated with LUE and differed significantly depending on the light environment. ChlF as compared to R indices followed more closely the trends in LUE, which emphasizes the application of ChlF for the timely detection of changes in vegetation physiology and carbon dynamics.


SUMMARY Kidneys have been preserved for 24 hr by two methods—continuous hypothermic perfusion with plasma protein fraction (PPF) and simple ice storage method of Collins et (3). Prior to preservation, the kidneys were subjected to warm ischaemic intervals varying from 0 to 180 min. Kidneys preserved without warm ischaemia functioned immediately whichever method was used. Kidneys preserved by perfusion after up to 60 min warm ischaemia returned to normal function. Kidneys preserved by Collins' method did not function if the warm ischaemic interval exceeded 30 min. As the warm ischaemic interval was increased, there was a proportional rise in renal vascular resistance.


Abstract We develop a structural vector autoregression for a model of suburban and central city sectoral employment. Orthogonalized shocks attributable to national, sectoral, suburban, central city, and local sectoral sources can be identified and used to delineate the sources of fluctuations in sectoral movements in the two parts of the metropolitan area. We apply the model to four Metropolitan Statistical Areas and find that in the short run there is very little in the way of feedback between central city and suburban employment; local shocks matter most of all. In the long run there are a substantial number of city industries where demand and/or supply shocks have spillover effects across the border of central city and suburb.


Inspired by the classic enterprise management theory "three lines one circle" This paper treats the university as a special enterprise entity,which cultivates human resources.Borrowing the four Abstract management elements(business line,system line,reputation line and culture circle),which were used in the original theory to display a beautiful blueprint for the survival and development,were taken here to construct a new model of high school education management of enterprises,this paper argues that by consolidation of business quality line,system management line,brand reputation line and campus culture circle in educational undertakings,a systematic project of education management can be constructed,which can cultivate students scientifically,synthetically and comprehensively.


Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs), particularly epoxy resins, are increasingly applied in innovative products nowadays. At the end of the life cycle of those products, CFRP waste has to be disposed in an ecological way. As of today, no energy effective recycling method is available to recover the valuable carbon fibers in a good quality. The presented study aims to exploit the ability of biological systems in order to efficiently and specifically degrade the polymer and release carbon fibers with minimal material strain. In a first approach environmental microorganisms for degrading the polymer component of epoxy composites into small fragments have to be identified. An analytical method will be developed to identify and quantify the polymer degradation. In a following step, the enzymes that are produced by the microorganisms and are essential for the polymer degradation will be identified, cloned, produced in a high amount and characterized in CFRP recycling studies.


Although taxonomists interpret the ovaries of most cacti as inferior,3 the inferior position has been derived in a very different manner from that in most flowering plants. In the classical situation, the dorsal sides of connate carpels are invested by a floral tube (hypanthium); in Cactaceae, on the other hand, the dorsal sides of the carpels are mostly free-not invested by a floral tube. The ventral sutures are pulled downward during formation of the hollow receptacle so that they come to lie on the sides of a locule between flanges of tissue which represent the reduced remains of fused margins and lateral walls of adjacent carpels. The morphology of an individual carpel is like that of a pea pod which has been split midway between dorsal and ventral bundles, then opened up so that the dorsal segment projects upward, the ventral segment containing the ovules, downward. In most cacti, the ventral segments are adnate to the walls of a hollow floral receptacle. In all cases observed so far, the floor of the locule appears not to be invested by carpellary tissueit is interpreted here as representing free receptacular tissue. In other words, the morphological bases of cactus carpels are not at the bottom of the locule, but above it, where the dorsal and ventral bundle systems diverge from the recurrent receptacular bundles. This interpretation, like the more complex one offered by Buxbaum, explains the commissural stigmas reported by Tiagi for Opuntia and Mammillaria. IN TWO EXTENSIVE reviews, Douglas (1944, 1957) has summarized the literature on the inferior ovary and the varying opinions that have been held concerning its nature. Both she and, more recently, Eames (1961, p. 245) have pointed out that in most cases the gynoecium is enclosed by the bases of connate outer floral parts-the outer tissues of the ovary are appendicular. Cactaceae, on the other hand, provide one of the few exceptions to this general rule, for there seems to be universal agreement that in this family the gynoecium is sunken in the end of a modified branch-the outer tissues of the ovary are receptacular. In the interpretation of other structural features of the cactus gynoecium, however, there is no general agreement. Is placentation of the conventional parietal type as is generally implied in taxonomic treatments, or is it a highly derived and modified type, which gives a false impression of simplicity? An answer to this question is imperative before the morphology of the cactus carpel and its parts can be understood and compared with carpels of other families. Such an understanding might prove to be of considerable assistance in determining the phylogenetic position of the family, concerning which there is likewise no agreement. The purpose of this article is to present briefly current theories concerning the morphology of the cactus gynoecium and, primarily, to introduce 1 Received for publication November 10, 1963. 2 This investigation was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. 3 The term "inferior" is preferable to "epigynous" because it has less definite morphological implications. It is doubtful that cactus flowers are truly epigynous. a new one, which I think has the virtue of simplicity. Furthermore, the new interpretation is supported by 3 somewhat different, yet complementary, approaches to the investigation of structure: developmental anatomy, vascular anatomy, and comparative morphology. Because the article is largely theoretical, there will be no meticulous attention to anatomical detail. This is not a study of the flower of any one species, genus, or other taxon. It is the presentation of a general picture, which I hope will serve as a foundation for more detailed studies in the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS-The materials used in this study have come to a large extent from a cactus collection which I have been accumulating for a decade. The original specimens were collected in the field, purchased from commercial collectors, or sent to me by friends who are engaged either in cactus culture or research. Ladislaus Cutak and Harry Johnson have provided live cuttings of various pereskias; Dr. I. W. Bailey has supplied preserved materials. Each of these persons has obtained his specimens from sources unknown to me. The specific identifications are, to the best of my knowledge, correct. However, misidentifications at the specific level would not alter the conclusions presented in this paper. For the higher cacti (the non-leafy cacti, which belong to the tribes Opuntieae and Cereeae), it has been convenient to use microslides and embedded tissues employed in previous investigations dating back to 1950. All specimens were prepared for histological study by the usual paraffin method. Clearing of floral buds and flowers was done with lactic acid by modification of a technique deseribed bv Bebhnham (1939).


A resurgence of biological determinism in explanations of (male) homosexuality has been uncritically embraced by some gay rights activists in the expectation that civil rights are more likely to accrue to minorities whose difference is "natural" not social. The experience of activists fighting for a comprehensive anti-discrimination ordinance in one Northern California city confirms this expectation, while also highlighting some of the dangers of such an approach.


© 2008 Joel rosenblatt Computer security is one of the most complicated and challenging fields in technology today. As soon as you think you have it figured out, the "bad guys" change all of the rules and you have to start over. A security metrics program provides a major benefit: looking at the metrics on a regular basis offers early clues to changes in attack patterns or environmental factors that may require changes in security strategy. There are some key rules to observe when collecting metrics:


This study examined the impact of organizational justice on employeedissent from the perspective of female employees. Participants were 210full time female teachers working in severalPakistan. Scope of this research shall encompass the justice and dissentperceptions of female teachers in these universities. This research uses aquantitative method by using survey, and proportionate stratified randomsampling technique was used to collect data. Multiple regression analysiswas used in order to explore the relationship between variables. Resultsindicated that perceptions of interactional and distributive justice are negatively associated with displaced dissen not related with displaced dissent. Interactional justice proved to be thestrongest predictor of displaced dissent followed by distributive justice.Perceptions of organizational justice were not related to latent or articulated dissent. Future research should also focus on explaining occurrence of dissent in various organizational settings such as service or production based organizations


The current study was conducted to identify the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for the body weight at age 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days and daily gain at age 0-1, 1-2, 2-3 and 3-4 weeks, slighter carcass weight and tonic immobility in Japanese quail. Two divergently lines of wild and white Japanese quail which maintained in the Animal Science Research Center of the Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman was used. Birds in two lines were mated in reciprocal cross for generating F1 generation. The F2 generation was generated by random mating of F1 birds. The half sib and F2 model analysis of QTL express was used for QTL mapping the measured traits. Total F2 individuals (422 birds), their parents (34 F1 birds) and pure lines (16 birds) were genotyped by 2 informative microsatellite markers on chromosomes 4. On this chromosome, with the half sib model, no significant QTL at the 5%, 1% chromosome wide was detected. But, with the F2 model, a significant QTL at the 5% chromosome wide was identified for body weight (BW) at age 21 and 28 days, carcass weight and daily gain traits during 1-2, 2-3 and 3-4 weeks in 54cM position. The all of identified QTLs explain less of 4% of the phenotypic variance, because the traits of growth are complex traits affected by many loci influencing appetite, feed uptake, nutrient allocation, metabolic rate, physical activity and so forth.


Objective(s): Foodborne diseases are considered as an important public health issue. The purpose of the current study was to isolate Lactobacillus spp. strains from fecal samples, investigate their antimicrobial properties, and assess the expression of genes encoding bacteriocin in co-culture of Lactobacillus with enteric pathogens. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples of healthy people were collected. Human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 was used to examine Lactobacillus strains adherence capacity. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine bacteriocin-encoding genes expression in co-culture of the selected Lactobacillus strain with Salmonella, Shigella, and two diarrheagenic Escherichia coli serotypes during 4, 6, and 24 hr of incubation. Results: The selected L. plantarum strain was able to inhibit four foodborne pathogens in both methods. L. plantarum No.14 exhibited the highest ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells. In this study, pln F, sak P, pln I, pln B, and pln J genes of L. plantarum No.14 were upregulated in co-culture of L. plantarum No.14 with diarrheagenic E. coli serotypes. In addition, acd, Lactacin F, sak P, pln J, pln EF, and pln NC8 genes as well as pln NC8 and pln A genes mRNA levels were significantly increased in co-culture of L. plantarum No.14 with Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi, respectively, during 24 hrs of incubation. Conclusion: Other studied genes were down-regulated during the incubation time. The selected L. plantarum strains could be served as alternative antimicrobial agents against pathogens which could contaminate foodstuffs and are responsible for human diseases.


The development of molecule-based multifunctional switchable materials, exhibiting a switch of polarity and dielectric property, are extremely limited. Herein, we demonstrated solvent-vapour-induced reversible molecular rearrangements between non-polar crystals [Al(sap)(acac)(sol)] (H2sap = 2-salicylideneaminophenol, acac = acetylacetonate, sol = MeOH (1), EtOH (2)) and polar crystal [Al(sap)(acac)(DMSO)] (3). This crystal-to-crystal structural transformation was accompanied by a switch of second harmonic generation (SHG) and dielectric properties, including the formation of ferroelectric domains, reflecting the SHG-active polar Cc space group of 3. This is the first reported example of dielectric properties and polarity switching in luminescent mononuclear aluminium(III) complexes, which exhibit the strong green emission in the solid state.


In the nearly three thousand pages of Taylor Branch's trilogy on Martin Luther King, Jr., the most provocative words may be the five stamped on the cover of each volume: America in the King Years. Several excellent biographies of the black leader predate this one, and the complexity and significance of King's short life continue to inspire probing works about his politics, his oratory, and the use and abuse of his memory.1


The theoretical consideration of energies consumed in metal cutting and the experimental observations on orthogonal light cutting of 4-6 brass lead to the conclusion that the size effect in cutting force can be explained as follows: with the decrease in depth of cut, the specific cutting force increases because of(1) decrease in magnitude of shear angle(2) the work consumed in the plastic flow of surface layer which is not proportional to depth of cut(3) decrease in magnitude of real rake angle due to roundness of cutting edgeConsidering these facts, the calculated shear stress on the shear plane shows no appreciable variation due to the decrease of depth of cut.


Despite advances in technology and more sophisticated legal practices, it is still common for persons to arrange contracts on behalf of companies which are not yet in existence. These are called pre-incorporation contracts or pre-registration contracts. There is a tension between legal logic and practical reality. A company does not acquire legal personality until it is registered. So, how can such arrangements be legally binding if entered into before this time? The common law grappled with this problem in a largely unsuccessful manner. The problem has been resolved in many jurisdictions by statute. In Australia, the relevant provisions currently appear as ss 131 to 133 in the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). The article examines the common law position and the changes made by statute. The article argues that the statutory position is an improvement, but there remain difficulties in applying it to real world situations.


Using the 2016–2020 point-in-time homeless count data, this study investigates neighborhood characteristics associated with the levels of and changes in unsheltered homeless population density in Los Angeles. The results show that unsheltered homeless people in the study area are heavily concentrated in and around the city center, and in neighborhoods with greater access to shelters and lower socioeconomic status. Notably, neighborhoods closer to the city center experienced a relatively large increase in unsheltered homelessness during the study period, implying a persistent spatial concentration of unsheltered homelessness. The results consistently indicate that residential land share, Hispanic resident share, and the number of bridges in the baseline year are significant predictors of relative changes in unsheltered homelessness in subsequent years, whereas access to shelters and poverty rates are not. This study's findings provide several important policy implications that could potentially help prevent and mitigate unsheltered homelessness.


The two primary sources of ground water in St. Johns County are the surficial and Floridan aquifers. The surficial aquifer is the principal source of water supply for drinking and domestic purposes in most of the county. The Floridan aquifer is the major source of water supply for irrigation use. In most of the county, water from the Floridan aquifer does not meet drinking water standards for some characteristics. Available supplies of potable water from the surficial aquifet are adequate to meet short-term increases in demand, but future growth will require additional sources of potable water. The surficial aquifer is present throughout the county and extends from land surface to a maximum depth of about 120 feet. The aquifer is recharged primarily by rainfall and in some areas by infiltrating irrigation water withdrawn from the Floridan aquifer. The Floridan aquifer underlies the county at a depth of about 90 to more than 360 feet below sea level. Recharge to the aquifer is almost entirely from the lake region in Alachua, southwestern Clay, eastern Bradford, and western Putnam Counties. Discharge is from springs, from wells used for irrigation, and by upward leakage. Withdrawal of large quantities of water from the Floridan aquifer has caused declines in the potentiometric surface. During the spring, when withdrawal is heaviest and rainfall is lightest, the potentiometric surface is lowered an average of about 5 feet throughout the county and a maximum of about 15 feet in the agricultural areas. Comparison of predevelopment water levels with 1980 water levels indicates that withdrawals of water Afor irrigation and public supply have lowered the potentiometric surface about 10 to 20 feet throughout most of the county. Water from the surficial aquifer generally meets most of the secondary drinking-water quality standards in most of the county and is satisfactory for most uses. Concentrations of sulfate and chloride generally do not exceed 250 milligrams per liter in St. Johns County, and only in a small part of the county do dissolved-solids concentrations exceed 500 milligrams per liter. Iron concentrations commonly exceed 0.3 milligrams per liter. In most of St. Johns County, water from the Floridan aquifer is more saline than water from the surficial aquifer. Variations in the concentrations of chemical constituents occur both areally and with depth. Highly saline water is present in the upper part of the aquifer in most of the southern part of the county. The presence of saline water and the dissolution of gypsum and anhydrite are the primary factors that govern water quality in the aquifer. In the southwest part of the county* intensive pumpage for irrigation has resulted in substantial increases in chloride concentration caused primarily from the upconing of more saline water.


[Objective] To study the effect of stubble height on the yield and soil moisture of Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz.[Method] The single factor randomized block was designed to study the effects of stubble height on the yield and soil moisture of Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz in Gannan Plateau area.[Result] The stem was cut before budding in early July,and the water use efficiency,main root length,root diameter,root fresh weight and yield were the highest when the stubble height was 50 cm,the yield improved significantly by 30.86% compared to CK.[Conclusion] The stubble height of 50 cm was the best,which can not only save the water but also improve the yield.


The Agaricaceae is a monophyletic group of saprotrophic fungi distributed worldwide. The family exhibits considerable variations such as spore color and structure of pileus covering in morphology. Agaricus is the type genus of the family containing both edible and poisonous species, with more than 500 species worldwide. This genus includes many species that are considerably important so takes attention of scientists in the fields of medicine, biochemistry and food science. This study aims to introduce a new record, Agaricus micromegethus, for the Turkish mycobiota based on macro- and micromorphology. An illustrated description of the record is provided.


In the e-news service field, participation as well as involvement has been well-studied by researchers investigating Western cultures but in countries with emerging economies these topics have not received the same degree of attention. In this study we focused on Taiwan, as a New Industry Country (NIC), particularly on "click-and-mortar" (paper and electronic) news service providers. We found no difference in intention to participate but extreme information may prevent involvement in participation in the news service. Our model provides information on the structure of the competitive strategy (Porter, 2001) in an NIC.


The information content of multidimensional NMR spectra is limited by the presence of several kinds of artifacts that originate from incorrect timing of evolution periods. The objective of this review is to provide tools for successful implementation of published pulse sequences, in which timing and pulse compensations are often implicit. We will analyze the constraints set by the use of Fourier transformation, the spin precession during rectangular or shaped pulses, the Bloch-Siegert effects due to pulse on other spins and the delay introduced by the filters for the acquisition dimension. A frequency-dependent phase correction or an incorrect scaling of the first data point leads to baseline offsets or curvature due to the properties of the Fourier transform. Because any r.f. pulse has a finite length, chemical shift is always active during excitation, flip-back, inversion, and refocusing pulses. Rectangular or selective shaped pulses can be split into three periods: an ideal rotation surrounded by two chemical shift evolution periods, which should be substracted from the adjacent delays to avoid linear phase correction. Bloch-Siegert effects originate from irradiation at frequencies near those observed in the spectrum and can lead to phase or frequency shifts. They can be minimized by simultaneous irradiation on both sides of the observed spins. In terms of timing, the very end of the pulse sequence the acquisition behaves differently since the data are filtered by either analog or digital means. This additional delay is filter and spectrometer specific and should be tuned to minimize the required phase correction. Combined together, all these adjustments lead to perfectly phased spectra with flat baseline and no peak shifts or distortion. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 40A: 326–340, 2012.


The ambitious Net Zero aspirations of Great Britain (GB) require massive and rapid developments of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) technologies. GB possesses substantial resources for these technologies, but questions remain about which VRE should be exploited where. This study develops a transferable methodology to explore


2618 aluminum alloy has been used in aerospace structural parts, but the coarse second phase particles agglomerated in the alloy usually result in poor mechanical properties. In this paper, the morphology and distribution of the second phase particles and the mechanical properties of 2618 aluminum alloy ring were investigated, and the fracture morphology is observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The result show that the mechanical properties in the axial direction are lower than those in the circumferential direction. It is evidentially shown that the agglomeration of Al9FeNi intermetallic particles and magnesium oxides in the fracture is the main reason for the poor mechanical properties in the axial direction.


The science DMZ is a specialized network model developed to guarantee secure and efficient transfer of data for large-scale distributed research. To enable a high level of performance, the Science DMZ includes dedicated data transfer nodes (DTNs). Protecting these DTNs is crucial to maintaining the overall security of the network and the data, and insider attacks are a major threat. Although some limited network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) are deployed to monitor DTNs, this alone is not sufficient to detect insider threats. Monitoring for abnormal system behavior, such as unusual sequences of system calls, is one way to detect insider threats. However, the relatively predictable behavior of the DTN suggests that we can also detect unusual activity through monitoring system performance, such as CPU and disk usage, along with network activity. In this paper, we introduce a potential insider attack scenario, and show how readily available system performance metrics can be employed to detect data tampering within DTNs, using DBSCAN clustering to actively monitor for unexpected behavior.


In an analysis of the possible use of an axisymmetric plasma lens to transform the properties of the plasma stream produced by a Hall-current accelerator with a long acceleration zone it is shown that such a plasma-optical system effectively focuses a high-current, neutalized ion beam. (AIP)


The definition of the word "pain" has recently been changed by the International agency for the studies of pain (IASP), to include also non-verbal and pre-verbal people. During the COVID pandemic, we have seen a new category of people who cannot speak: in many countries, anxiety and isolation and the cuts to home-assistance and to many hospital services, have brought to de-crease the explicit request for healthcare. This is a problem to be solved and an important alert about what is still an unsatisfactory response given by the national healthcare systems: the care of those who are most frail and voiceless. In this article, this scenario is described, and proposals for a future improvement of pain treatment for those who cannot speak are described. The first is to create a "Medicine of Abundance": it is possible to avoid wastes in healthcare, and with these funds, a better welcoming of people in hospitals, a better stay, and more motivated personnel can be provided. Abundance is a right of the poorest and sickest even more than the general population; when people are at their ease, they can express better their wishes and their sufferings. The hospital should become a place of hospitality, its walls should be the first care for the sick: now in too many cases it is a cold hub/container of services. The second proposal is having caregivers always measure the pain level in hospitalized patients before taking decisions on implementing or withdrawing medical treatments, in particular those that can accelerate their end-of-life; this is called the "pain principle".


Abstract This article offers a critique of contemporary Christianity's emphasis on family and gestures towards possible alternative visions. Juxtaposing early Christian narratives of kinship with Judith Butler's analysis of the story of Antigone, this article argues that the sacrament of baptism enables and supports re-envisioning kinship in a ecclesiological, as opposed to reproductive, framework. This essay suggests that an ecclesiological and a poststructuralist account of kinship are mutually generative, with attendant ethical and political implications.


This study aims to analyze the effect of work environment, individual characteristics and work motivation on teacher performance. The population of this study was conducted in Private Madrasah of Candung and Ampek Angkek Subdistrict, Agam District, West Sumatra with a total sample of 100 respondents. The analysis technique used is PLS SEM (Partial Least Square). The results of the study are: (1). Individual characteristics have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance; (2). Work Environment has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance; (3) Motivation does not have a significant effect on teacher performance; (4). Individual characteristics do not significantly influence teacher performance; (5). Work environment does not have a significant effect on teacher performance.


Marxist political economics and Marxist philosophy is an integrated whole.A case in point is the commodity value theory.The exchange value is where Marx's economics diverges from western mainstream economics.It was from this divergence that the latter moved to the surface price analysis and surface price model.Contrary to the western mainstream economics,Marx developed a theory for in-depth interpretation of value and thus unveiled the nature of commodity value from various perspectives.Consequently a scientific labor theory of value was established.In the course of this theoretical development,the principles of materialism,history and value played an important role of philosophical methodology.This is where philosophy entered the realm of Marxist political economics.


N-methyl pyrrolidonium hydrosulfate ([Hnmp]HSO4) was synthesized and characterized. N-butyl acetate was synthesized from acetic acid and n-butanol with [Hnmp]HSO4 as catalyst in a catalytic rectification column 30 mm in diameter and 2.5 m in height. Effects of catalyst dosage, bottom temperature, feeding ratio of acetic acid to n-butanol, feeding method and reflux ratio on esterification and rectification were investigated. Under optimal condition which taking both energy cost and product quality into account: catalyst dosage was 0.5% of feed weight, bottom temperature was 120 °C, mole ratio of acetic acid to butanol was 1:1.2, acetic acid and butanol were mixed and fed above second section of packing, feeding rate was 150 mL/h and reflux ratio was 4, mass fraction of n-butyl acetate in bottom could reach 92.49 %.


Childhood apraxia of speech(CAS) is considered as an impairment of purposeful speech movements and is generally defined as a disorder of motor planning or motor programming. There have been a variety of studies about CAS and the diagnostic criteria were set up in English-speaking countries, but studies about diagnostic criteria of CAS for Korean speakers are needed. The purpose of the study was to examine voice onset time (VOT) and its variability in children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) compared to typically developing children. Twelve children with CAS aged 9-12 years old and 20 children who were age-matched participated in the study. This study measured VOT and variabilities of VOT during the production of /p' a/, /t' a/, /k' a/. For variability measures of VOT, each participant was asked to repeat speech tasks three times and the average value of the rates and its standard deviation were obtained The verification of the hypotheses was tested by using T-test of the significance level of 0.05.The results showed that the variability of VOT in CAS group was more significantly higher than control group. But VOT of /p' a/, /t' a/, /k' a/ between the experimental group and the control group was not significantly different. The results suggested that variability of VOT might be more distinctive speech feature to children with CAS than the VOT. This study is meaningful because of two points; one is that it was conducted to fit the characteristics of Korea language while English cases are revitalized in the domestic situation, and the other is that it could be utilized as a resource for subsequent studies.


Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain protein isolate from sacha inchi using alkaline pH at different pHs of precipitation with water and salt and to analyze protein isolate with electrophoresis. Methods: Sacha inchi protein isolates were obtained using isoelectric precipitation method at different pHs. Proteins were analyzed using electrophoresis native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), one-dimensional, two-dimensional-sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE. Results: A yield of 20.88% of protein isolate of defatted sacha inchi flour at pH 4.0 with a 75.31% of protein was obtained. The yield of protein isolate using water and salt was similar. Polypeptides profile is between 14 and 70 kDa. Conclusions: Sacha inchi seed is a good source of proteins. Globulins and albumins were identified in the sacha inchi protein isolate in the presence of water and salt. Keywords: Albumins, Globulins, Proteins, Protein isolate, Sacha inchi.


Discusses two problems in the decentralized adaptive control of the outputs of a discrete-time dynamical system using multiple controllers, when each controller has only partial information concerning the overall system. The first problem is one of achieving exact tracking when the controllers communicate to each other their control decisions but not their measured system outputs. The second problem is concerned with unknown communication delays in the control of distributed systems.


The effects of psychological intervention on multilevel stress responding in 25 patients newly diagnosed as having breast cancer were studied. Specifically, biofeedback and cognitive therapies were employed as treatments with 24-hr. urinary cortisol and state anxiety as dependent variables. The proportion of treated patients showing improvement exceeded that of non-treated patients on both variables. Most significantly, Cortisol levels among the 12 treated patients were reduced relative to those of control patients. These results are discussed for their relevance to psychoimmunology.


Most protein and peptide samples analyzed in proteomic studies tax the separation power of traditional techniques such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Column liquid chromatography (LC) increasingly is used as a complement to or replacement for gel electrophoresis, but the coupling of two or more chromatographic modes generally is necessary for acceptable resolution. This Directions in Discovery examines the requirements of multidimensional LC and provides examples of some systems used in proteomics.


The democratic governance over academic system is gradually developing along with the development of universities.The practice of Stanford University,the organization of consulting and making decisions for the academic policy of Stanford University,consists of many administrative levels and types of committees which have distinctive and clear powers,operate standard procedures,and guarantee the rights of the faculty.This system plays a positive role in motivating the development of Stanford University.The universities in our country should attach importance to their democratically governed academic systems,and expand the scale of the faculty,as well as clarify the obligations and perfect the charters of the organizations.


In the present work, we have used copper sulphate (CuSO4 5H2O) enriched medium for effective control of visible and latent contamination. Among the different concentrations used, 1.25–2.5mg/L resulted the most appropriate. In addition, the role of different nitrogen source and concentrations (NH4NO3 and KNO3), as different iron source (FeEDTA and FeEDDHA) has been investigated in the proliferation and rooting phases of European hazelnut (cv. Tonda Gentile Romana). The normal concentration of nitrogen present in Murashige and Skoog medium is too high for hazelnut micropropagation cv. Tonda Gentile Romana. A reduction of total nitrogen, accompanied by a reduction of ammonium forms, resulted in a better quality of the shoots. Similar results have been obtained when the common iron source FeEDTA has been replaced by the same concentration of FeEDDHA. An increase in rooting occurs when the amount of nitrogen was reduced in the rooting medium, particularly when the NH4NO3 was not present. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 9 May 2018 Revised 12 October 2018 Accepted 14 November 2018


Pinus yunnanensis Franch . , P. kesiya var. Langbianensis and P. densata Masters have take n on an obvious geographical overlapped region and were difficult to be dis tinguished . In this study, w e discriminated these three species by Fourier transform near infrared (FT - NIR) spectroscop y . The discriminant analysis model incorrectly assessed the P. kesiya to P. yunnanensis species in cross areas , and optimized one was able to estimate the unknown samples exactly while the overlapped P. kesiya in dividuals have been abandoned , which highly matched the geographical distribution of P. yunnanensis , P. densata and P. kesiya . T he close relationship between P. yunnanensis and P. kesiya probably resulted from the gene flow among species in cross areas .


We theoretically study spin-1/2 fermions confined to
two spatial dimensions and experiencing isotropic short-range
attraction in the presence of both spin-orbit coupling and
Zeeman spin splitting -- a prototypical system for developing
topological superfluidity in the many-body sector. Exact
solutions for two-particle bound states are found to have a
triplet contribution that dominates over the singlet part in an
extended region of parameter space where the combined Zeeman-
and center-of-mass-motion-induced spin-splitting energy is
large. The triplet character of dimers is purest in the regime
of weak s-wave interaction strength.
Center-of-mass momentum is one of the parameters determining the
existence of bound states, which we map out for both two- and
one-dimensional types of spin-orbit coupling. Distinctive
features emerging in the orbital part of the bound-state wave
function, including but not limited to its p-wave
character, provide observable signatures of unconventional
pairing.


Objective To discuss the microsurgical strategies in patients with intramedullary tumors in the cervical spinal cord and their efficacy evaluation. Methods The clinical manifestations, imaging features, diagnoses of 11 patients with intramedullary tumors in the cervical spinal cord were analyzed retrospectively: the tumors on these patients were resected by microneurosurgery in our hospital during Jan 2006 and Dec 2008; the tumor resection degree was measured and the preoperative or postoperative nerve function was evaluated. Results Of the 11 patients with intramedullary tumors, total resection and subtotal resection were achieved in 8 and 3, respectively. Postoperative nerve functions were alleviated in 7, unchanged in 3 and aggravated in 1. No patient died. Conclusion Appropriate operative strategies and practiced microsurgical technique are the foundation of improving the clinical curative effect of the intramedullary tumors in the cervical spinal cord.

Key words:
Cervical spinal cord; intramedullary tumors; Microsurgery


In multidimensional data analysis, one important task is to investigate the inner relations and patterns. Numerous visual representations have been proposed, such as parallel coordinates and scatter plots. However, parallel coordinates emphasize the overall patterns and data distributions while ignoring the correlation of data values over more than three dimensions. And when rendering more poly lines, the visual clutter may occur. Scatter plots are powerful in revealing the data distributions but the overall patterns are restrained. We propose Pattern Track to reveal the implied relations and patterns while also maintaining flexible operations on data values. The layout of Pattern Track is composed of a mixture of automatic computations and interactive adjustments by mapping all dimension axes to concentric circles and integrating three levels of concentric group -- data values, patterns and gradient circles. Multi-interactive operations are supported to help users dig out the implied multivariate correlations. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness.


This paper addresses the problem of the reaching motion of humanoid robots. In order to determine the necessary motions for reaching, an object-orientated reachable space (ORS) concept is proposed. After checking whether an object is reachable or unreachable, a standing point (i.e. where the humanoid should stand) is calculated. A method of generating a reaching motion is also described. Simulation results with the humanoid simulator OpenHRP demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Some features of the evolution of the molecular mass distribution parameters of polymer chains during γ-radiolysis were studied on the basis of analysis of several kinetic models including the most important radiation-stimulated chemical processes in the irradiated materials. It is shown that the main condition that accounts for the previously reported nonmonotonic variation of the number-average molecular mass of irradiated polymers is the deviation from quasistationary concentration of the middle-chain macroradicals. A relationship is established between the maximum irradiation intensity at which the process occurs in an auto-oscillatory regime and the kinetic constants.


A case–control study involving 750 cases with squamous‐cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) and an equal number of healthy controls was initiated to investigate the association of polymorphisms in the drug metabolizing genes cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP1B1, CYP2E1 and glutathione S‐transferase M1 (GSTM1) with the risk of developing cancer. Attempts were also made to identify the role and nature of gene–gene and gene–environment interactions in modifying the susceptibility to HNSCC. Polymorphisms in drug metabolizing CYPs or GSTM1 showed modest associations with cancer risk. However, cases carrying haplotypes with variant alleles of both CYP1A1*2A and *2C or CYP1B1*2 and *3 or CYP2E1*5B and *6 were at significant risk of developing HNSCC. Likewise, cases carrying a combination of variant genotypes of CYPs and GSM1 (null) were at higher risk (up to 5‐fold) of developing HNSCC. HNSCC risk also increased several‐fold in cases carrying variant genotypes of CYPs who were regular tobacco smokers (8–18‐fold), tobacco chewers (3–7‐fold), or alcohol users (2–4‐fold). Statistical analysis revealed a more than multiplicative interaction between combinations of the variant genotypes of CYPs and GSTM1 (null) and between variant genotypes and tobacco smoking or chewing or alcohol consumption, in both case–control and case‐only designs. The data thus suggest that although polymorphisms in carcinogen‐metabolizing CYPs may be a modest risk factor for developing HNSCC, gene–gene, and gene–environment interactions play a significant role in modifying the susceptibility to HNSCC. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 55:134–144, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The paper substantiates the need for profile training in mathematical modeling for pedagogical students, caused by the total penetration of mathematics into different sciences, including the humanities; fast development of the information communications technologies; and growing importance of mathematical modeling, combining the informal scientific and formal mathematical languages with the unique opportunities of computer programming. The author singles out the reasons for mastering and using the mathematical apparatus by teaches in every discipline. Indeed, among all the modern mathematical methods and ideas, mathematical modeling retains its priority in all professional spheres. Therefore, the discipline of "Mathematical Modeling" can play an important role in integrating different components of specialists training in various profiles. By mastering the basics of mathematical modeling, students acquire skills of methodological thinking; learn the principles of analysis, synthesis, generalization of ideas and methods in different disciplines and scientific spheres; and achieve general culture competences. In conclusion, the author recommends incorporating the "Methods of Profile Training in Mathematical Modeling" into the pedagogical magistracy curricula.


This paper analyzes the effects of the fillers on anti-stripping of SEBS modified asphalt concrete.Soda residue is an industrial waste residue which is difficult to be disposed, but it can enhance anti-stripping of asphalt concrete as the filler.The residual Marshell stability can keep 89% intensity and residual strength ratios are greater than 0.75 when soda residue added to 4% SEBS modified asphalt concrete as the filler.Besides this advantage, soda residue can save investment of road construction and reduce the cost of maintenance..


There have been development in the private enterprises since the reform and open up policy. But there are also shortcomings in their development. Of all their shortcomings, moral risk is the dominantone. This article gives the definition of moral risk and the characteristics of it. The article divides the moral risk into four categories.The article analyzes the causes of moral risk from the point of the private enterprises, the entrepreneurs themselves, state policies and management by family members.