This article probes into the related contents of public relations in the public libraries,such as the concept and structural components of PR,the subjects,objects,the basic principles,the soul of PR,the measures and methods in handling PR.The author also discusses the enhancement of the concept ,the application of flexible and practical art in management ,strengthening the relations with the society to realize the social value of the public libraries.


Outer hair cell (OHC) damage is the cause of auditory disabilities. OHC loss leads to a basalward shift of the place of maximum vibration; a decreased gain near the characteristic place; a broadening of the tuning curves; an altered summation of activity across frequency components, and an altered temporal waveform. Hearing aids can compensate for the general loss of sensitivity and reduced dynamic range, but they cannot compensate completely for the reduced frequency selectivity associated with OHC damage. Basilar membrane (BM) vibration cannot be completely restored for pure tones, complex tones, vowels and for sounds where the BM excitation pattern is dominated by narrow band energy.


This study focuses on how the modern furniture designed for Turkey's third parliament building, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, represented the country's new modern ideals by breaking with its Ottoman heritage. While the architecture of this building has been studied, there are no assessments of its interiors and furniture as integral elements. This study uses archival research and interviews with interior designers who worked on the project. The findings shed light on how modernization was brought to life through the spaces and furniture in this powerful, symbolic building.


Forests cover one third of the world's land area, constituting the largest terrestrial ecosystems. They provide a wide range of economic, social, cultural and environmental services. More than 1.6 billion people depend, to varying degrees, on forests for their livelihood, and use forest resources for fuel, timber, food, medicine and income. Forests and woodlands also provide important global environmental services that include watershed protection, wildlife habitats, biodiversity , carbon sequestration and maintenance of ecosystem functions. Although the local, national and global importance of forests to human well-being, socioeconomic development, poverty reduction, biodiversity and environmental conservation, and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals is widely acknowledged, the forests continue to decline due to deforestation and forest degradation. Forests now cover 31% (4 billion ha) of the total land area but were lost, between 2000 and 2010, at an average rate of 13 million ha annually (FAO, 2010). Every year, forest loss and degradation is costing the global economy between USD 2 and 4.5 trillion in lost revenues, according to a global study published by The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) in 2010. Furthermore, deforestation and forest degradation are estimated to produce 17% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time forests have a huge potential as carbon sinks accounting for an estimated 289 Gt of carbon in 2010 (FRA 2010). The significance of forests on a global scale reinforces the importance to manage them in a sustainable way and finding ways to ensure forests benefit present and future generations, which is the essence of sustainable forest management. The importance of forests to sustainable development was brought into sharp focus at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Jenairo, Brazil in 1992, During the conference countries had intense negotiations over whether or not to have a forest convention to promote the management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests, Although the countries eventually failed to agree on a forest convention they managed to agree on the Non-legally Binding Authoritative Statement of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management, Conservation and Sustainable Development of all Types of Forests, also known as the Forest Principles, as well as Chapter 11 of Agenda 21: Combating Deforestation. The international dialogue on forest policies was continued under the United Nations through the Intergovernmental These processes culminated in the over 270 IPF/IFF proposals for action, and the …


Compressive sampling (CS)is a emerging technique with many applications on signal processing field. It states that it is possible to reconstruct a signal from a number of samples below the well-known Nyquist limit. The success of the reconstruction depends on the capability of a frontend transform to represent the signal in a sparse way. In this paper, we propose the use of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) to preprocess a speech signal in order to obtain a sparse representation in the frequency domain, and thus, we show that the subsequent application of compressive sampling can represent vowels with less information than the Nyquist sampling theorem. The reader will find that the presented material differs from other speech processing techniques, as our results could be the basis for developing compression methods using the discrete cosine transform and compressive sampling. Both techniques, traditionally used for image compression, are now proposed for speech compression.


By testing,the dynamic stress and the longitudinal coupler force of the central control locomotive coupler device were obtained when the heavy haul freight locomotive running at 120 km·h-1 pulled 20 000 t heavy haul combination train.These data were satatistically analyzed by rain-flow counting method to get the load spectrums(stress spectrums) of the locomotive coupler device.The distribution characteristics of the load spectrums of the coupler device were analyzed to confirm them in accordance with the Weibull distribution,from which the Weibull distribution functions of the load spectrums of the coupler device were worked out.The load spectrums and the distribution functions of the locomotive coupler device obtained from the testing and study can be used for designing the structure reliability of the high-power locomotive coupler device and evaluating the reliability of the related components.


We report new total-intensity visible-light high-contrast imaging of the TW Hya disk taken with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope. This represents the first published images of the disk with STIS since 2016, when a moving shadow on the disk surface was reported. We continue to see the shadow moving in a counterclockwise fashion, but in these new images the shadow has evolved into two separate shadows, implying a change in behavior for the occulting structure. Based on radiative-transfer models of optically thick disk structures casting shadows, we infer that a plausible explanation for the change is that there are now two misaligned components of the inner disk. The first of these disks is located between 5 and 6 au with an inclination of 5.5° and position angle (PA) of 170°, and the second between 6 and 7 au with an inclination of 7° and PA of 50°. Finally, we speculate on the implications of the new shadow structure and determine that additional observations are needed to disentangle the nature of TW Hya's inner-disk architecture.


Guideline-conforming endoscopic polyp resection and follow-up are dependent on accurate polyp sizing estimation. However, studies evaluating the feasibility and accuracy of pathology-based polyp size measurement are lacking. We conducted a prospective clinical study (482 polyps resected in 203 consecutive patients) evaluating pathology-based size measurement for colorectal polyps. To obtain reference size measurements, we measured polyp size immediately after removing polyps from the colon prior to formalin fixation. Due to piecemeal resection or fragmentation of specimens during the retrieval process, only 59% of resected polyps could actually be evaluated histologically for size. The estimated mean polyp shrinkage because of formalin fixation was 26% which


Interleukin-10 (IL-10), a pleiotropic cytokine that inhibits inflammatory and cell-mediated immune responses, is produced by a wide variety of cell types including T and B cells and monocytes/macrophages. Regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines has been suggested to involve distinct signaling pathways. In this study, we investigated the regulation of the human IL-10 (hIL-10) promoter in the human monocytic cell line THP-1 following activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Analysis of hIL-10 promoter sequences revealed that DNA sequences located between base pairs −652 and −571 are necessary for IL-10 transcription. A computer analysis of the promoter sequence between base pairs −652 and −571 revealed the existence of consensus sequences for Sp1, PEA1, YY1, and Epstein-Barr virus-specific nuclear antigen-2 (EBNA-2)-like transcription factors. THP-1 cells transfected with a plasmid containing mutant Sp1 abrogated the promoter activity, whereas plasmids containing the sequences for PEA1, YY1, and EBNA-2-like transcription factors did not influence hIL-10 promoter activity. To understand the events upstream of Sp1 activation, we investigated the role of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinases by using their specific inhibitors. SB202190 and SB203580, the p38-specific inhibitors, inhibited LPS-induced IL-10 production. In contrast, PD98059, a specific inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinases, failed to modulate IL-10 production. Furthermore, SB203580 inhibited LPS-induced activation of Sp1, as well as the promoter activity in cells transfected with a plasmid containing the Sp1 consensus sequence. These results suggest that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates LPS-induced activation of Sp1, which in turn regulates transcription of the hIL-10 gene.


The Small and Medium Enterprises is the main pillar the people's economy. SME investment decisions related to how entrepreneurs place their funds is a very determining factor in company performance. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain: 1) The influence of risk attitudes on company performance through decisions on the placement of working capital funds for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), 2) The effect of risk attitudes on company performance in SMEs 3) the effect of working capital fund placement decisions on the performance of SMEs. The study population was all garment, weaving, carving and batik SMEs in Jepara.
The sampling technique is non-probability sampling, using assessment sampling. This study found that overconfidence behavior and risk attitude have a significant influence on investment decision making. Mental accounting doesn't have a significant influence on investment decision making. The more investors are willing to face risks and the higher the overconfidence will increase investment decisions. The number of investors who are risk seekers in the capital market is a natural thing because stock investment is included in the high-risk investment category. Mental accounting can not influence the investment decision making.


In this paper C. West Churchman explores a question that Kenneth Boulding asked repeatedly: 'Is economics basically a study of ethical behaviour?' In typical Churchman style, he has a conversation with Boulding about this question and discusses it in the context of his own primary concern: the relationships between ethics and science.


Phosphine chalcogenides are useful reagents in chalcogen atom transfer reactions and nanocrystal syntheses. Understanding the strength and electronic structure of these bonds is key to optimizing their use, but a limited number of experimental and computational studies probe these issues. Using density functional theory (DFT), we computationally screen multiple series of trisubstituted phosphine chalcogenide molecules with a variety of phosphorus substituents and examine how these affect the strength of the phosphorus–chalcogen bond. DFT provides valuable data on these compounds including P–E bond dissociation energies, P–E bond order, Lowdin charge on phosphorus and chalcogen atoms, and molecular geometries. Experimentally monitoring the 31P and 77Se NMR chemical shifts and published Hammett constants provides good estimates and confirmation of the relative magnitude of electronic shielding around these nuclei and confirms the predictive value of the computational results.


The invention discloses a base-station maintenance-based routing inspection terminal and a control system thereof. The base-station maintenance-based routing inspection terminal comprises a housing, an operation module, a data transmission mode, a data processing module and an image acquisition module. The operation module, the data transmission mode, the data processing module and the image acquisition module are connected with each other and are installed in the housing. A camera is used for taking a picture of a routing inspection worker and a base station and the picture is transmitted to an external server by the data transmission mode. The base-station maintenance-based routing inspection terminal improves base-station routing inspection efficiency, accuracy and facticity. The control system guarantees effective management on routing inspection.


We compared a multi-class k-nearest neighbor (kNN) approach and a standard Rocchio method in the filtering tasks of TREC-10. Empirically, we found kNN more effective in batch filtering, and Rocchio better in adaptive filtering. For threshold adjustment based on relevance feedback, we developed a new strategy that updates a local regression over time based on a sliding window over positive examples and a sliding window over negative examples in the history. Applying this strategy to Rocchio and comparing its results to those by the same method with a fixed threshold, the recall was improved by 37-39% while the precision was improved by as much as 9%. Motivated by the extremely low performance of all systems on the T10S metric, we also analyzed this metric, and found that it favors more frequently occurring categories over rare ones and is somewhat inconsistent with its most straightforward interpretation. We propose a change to this metric which fixes these problems and brings it closer to the C trk metric used to evaluate the TDT tracking task.


The US healthcare system is being buffeted by winds of change. Once viewed as a model of excellence, economic and social disequilibrium have uncovered a multitude of frailties within the system. Spiraling healthcare costs in an otherwise stagnant economy have given rise to skepticism regarding the motivations of healthcare providers. What are the issues that confront the healthcare system? What new demands do these issues place on the delivery system? How should an organization such as SHEA position itself to meet these new demands? Three major issues will confront the healthcare system during the next decade. First, 10% to 14% of the US population have limited or no access to healthcare. Steps must be taken through the political process to assure that every person living in the United States has access to a reasonable standard of medical care. Second, despite implicit rationing, the costs of healthcare continue to consume an ever-increasing proportion of society's resources. In response, a potpourri of strategies have been implemented to contain increasing costs. Third, as society learns more about processes and outcomes of medical care, concern for quality intensifies. Efforts to constrain costs are juxtaposed with demands to assure excellence and quality in medical care. During the decade of the 90s the critical questions will be how much medical care should be provided to whom and at what level of quality? If society insists that medical care should be provided to all who live in the United States but refuses to increase present resources, difficult decisions will have to be made regarding how to reallocate those resources and how to minimize the impact of reallocation on quality of care.


This article demonstrates that for insured municipal bonds, revelation of underlying ratings can be an effective mechanism for further alleviating the information asymmetry problems found in the municipal bond market. Due to the prevalence of municipal bond insurance, investors are increasingly relying on the underlying ratings of insured bonds in gauging the relative riskiness of these bonds. For a sample of 697 municipal bonds issued in 1998, the results indicate that Standard & Poor's underlying ratings are able to reduce borrowing cost by four basis points, due to the additional information provided through these ratings.


The conditions of violation of human rights in the Colombian national detention centers are often denounced and known; however, this is not the only way to violate human rights for people who are deprived of liberty in our country. There are prisons of the municipal order where it is also essential to give an account of that "other side" of the prison. Therefore, it is relevant to define, from an academic perspective, what fundamental rights are compromised or affected by the execution of the deprivation of liberty and, in the same way, to show what the guarantee status is or is not of each of them in municipal prisons. Thus, this article's main objective is to give an account of the characteristics of the population deprived of liberty in the prison of the municipality of Segovia, fundamentally the situation of their human rights. This is based on the use of a qualitative methodology, with which it was intended to generate knowledge based on the interaction and observation of inmates, as well as the use of routinely qualitative techniques such as observation, interviews in a survey mode, and documentary review.


Parker, J. Cecil; Edwards, T. Bentley; and Stegeman, William H. Curriculum in America. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1962. xx + 587 pp. $6.75. Stoddard, George D. The Dual Progress Plan: A New Philosophy and Program in Elementary Education. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1961. x + 225 pp. $4.00. Hansen, Carl F. The Amidon Elementary School: A Successful Demonstration in Basic Education. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice‐Hall, Inc., 1962. xx + 252 pp. $6.95.


. Compressive and Shear Force Generated in the Lumbar Spine of Fe-male Rowers. Int J Sports Med 2000; 21: 518–523


Asregard to the axiology of category is a "right" and terminology of law system in the conditions of adaptation information legislation of Ukrainian to the European legal standards.


By enquiring what happens to the remaining mode when one makes one-mode n-photon counting for the two-mode squeezed state, we show that the two-mode squeezed state will collapse to a counting operator in the remaining mode with a new smaller quantum efficiency of the detector. We also derive its P-representation.


This paper challenges the prominent assumption that shadow education serves economically advantaged families as an instrument of social exclusivity, instead positing that tutoring provides a compen-satory mechanism to improve low or average academic performance. The authors found differentiated patterns of use according to gender and social origin, namely boys from non-academic, but high-income families are more likely to use shadow education, whereas girls seem unaffected by social origin. This paper shows that group-differentiated in-depth analyses of quantitative data may unveil hidden


Foreign direct investment(FDI) and import are increased year by year since the reform and opening of China.This paper,through an augmented neoclassical growth model under China's practice,measures and analyzes the impact of FDI and import on economic growth and productivity of China based on time series of annual data from 1982 to 2003.The results show that two important sectors,import and FDI,have apparent contribution to the economic growth of China.


Thank you for reading chinas four modernizations the new technological revolution. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite books like this chinas four modernizations the new technological revolution, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer.


While all Bible translation projects face difficult challenges, those in Africa must deal with some unique issues: (1) the difficulty of finding appropriate renderings for key terms such as "grace" and "angel" in cultures where Christianity is relatively "new"; and (2) the problem of rendering items mentioned in Scripture that do not exist in the tropics, for example "bear" and "camel," etc. On the other hand, African exegetes and translators may have certain advantages over Western ones since their context and worldview often shares features with the biblical one. For example, the importance of community values, the notions of honor and shame, generosity and hospitality, the presence of polygamy, slavery, and even circumcision as a sign all make the message of the Bible less foreign and easier to render in translation for an African audience. Along with some shared cultural values and practices, some linguistic structures and expressions ("son of man," "in the hand of," "dying you will die") are common to both African and biblical languages. The challenges are real, but the news is good: The African church is slowly awakening to the role it must play in Bible translation, not only in practical matters, but also in crucial decisions concerning theology, exegesis, and translation renderings.


To advance empirically supported care and improve outcomes for children and adolescents with headache, it is important to develop evidence regarding the impact of headaches on everyday life. Helping our patients to achieve good headache control, quality of life and emotional and behavioral health are core objectives of multidisciplinary treatment. From clinical experience, providers of care for youth and adults with headache appreciate the life context of their patients and have an interest in understanding the psychological functioning of those for whom they provide care. Indeed, many studies have assessed psychological functioning using a wide variety of instruments and methodological approaches. Almost all have been cross-sectional, association studies. The majority of investigations have included clinical samples; some have been community or population based. In pediatrics, the general finding is that children and adolescents with headache, including migraine, report (almost always based on caregiver viewpoint) some elevations on measures of internalizing behaviors (for example, anxiety, mood, somatic symptoms); but most youth with headache do not meet the criteria for psychiatric disorder and formal diagnosis (when youth and families participate in validated, structured clinical interviews). Suggestions for how to incorporate what is known today into pediatric headache clinical practice have been made (1,2,3). There is a clear need for data from more methodologically rigorous investigations and development of more evidence-based approaches for meeting the goals of good headache control, quality of life, and emotional and behavioral health for children and adolescents with headache. For our understanding of psychological functioning to better translate into improved care and outcomes, methodologies that incorporate theoretical models of the possible relations between migraine and psychological symptoms, longitudinal designs, multiinformant protocols, clarity on the implications of symptom reports as compared to diagnosis-based assessments, and testing of the impact of interventions directed at headache, psychological functioning, or both will need to be applied. Arruda and Bigal (4) describe a population-based study in Brazil examining the associations between headaches and psychological symptoms reported by caregivers in younger, school-age children (ages 5–11). The investigators obtained data from children registered in a public school system in one city. The second edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2) criteria and a reliable, valid caregiver report measure of psychological symptoms were used. A high participation rate (92.5%) was accomplished. The study found that children with migraine and tension-type headache had elevated internalizing scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) relative to youth without headache. Differences were not found for externalizing behaviors. While there may be some concerns with multiple statistical comparisons across scales and sub-scales of a psychometric instrument such as the CBCL, domains of somatic, anxiety-depressive, social, attention, internalizing and total score were found to be more impacted for the headache groups than the comparison group. Children diagnosed with migraine had higher scores than those with tension-type headache. For both the migraine and tension-type headache groups, headache frequency was positively associated with psychological symptoms. The clinical meaningfulness of the differences observed is unclear. While this study is cross-sectional and focused on assessment of association of headache and


Due to the auto evaluation results of thesis paper is not scientific,fair and universal enough currently,this paper builds an intelligent evaluation system combines an expert system with multi-level fuzzy evaluation mechanism.It uses the template and rule library as knowledge representation and also uses the multi-level fuzzy evaluation method to calculate the intermediate data.It draws the final reviews of the paper by the expert system.Experimental result indicates that the success rate of effective evaluation can reach at 96.51% in 6 511 papers in 7 subjects and 52 research directions,and it improves that the system is of universality and impartiality.


Background/Purpose:We aim to justify the need for surgical intervention in our patients with childhood small bowel intussusceptions (SBIs) and review the current concepts in childhood SBI. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of all patients with surgically confirmed SBI between July 1999 and October 2002. Demographic data,clinical presentation and inves-tigations,operative and pathologic findings,and outcome were analyzed. Results:Of 173 patients with intussusception,6 (3.5% ) were diagnosed with SBI. Median age was 11 months. Ultrasonography revealed intussusceptions in all patients,but only 1 was diagnosed with SBI. Air enema reductions were attempted in 4 of 6 patients with all ending up in failure and surgery. Surgery revealed ileoileal intussusceptions in 4 patients and jejunojejunal intussusceptions in 2 patients. Two patients had long intussusceptions meas-uring between 30 and 50 cm in length. Five patients had pathologic lead points,and bowel complications occurred in 2 patients. All underwent bowel resection and primary anastomosis. Conclusion:Despite reports on spontaneous reduction of SBI,surgery was unavoidable in all our patients with SBI because of the presence of pathologic lead points and/or bowel complications. Air enema reduction was ineffective in SBI. Due caution should be exercised when selecting patients for expectant management.


Appropriate layer structures of InGaAsP/InP PnpN optical thyristor operating at 1.55 μm are investigated to achieve thin center layers as well as low reverse full-depletion voltage (V RD ) avoiding the full-depletion at zero-bias voltage. Using the finite difference method we obtain an optimized structure having 230 nm center n- and p-layers with 1 x 10 17 cm -3 doping concentration. We also estimate V RD of InGaAsP/InP fully depleted optical thyristors in accordance with the fluctuations in device parameters such as thickness and doping concentration of each layer. Our simulation results show that the 10% change in the thickness of p-layer induces the 35% variation in V RD while the 10% variation in the doping of the p-layer induces the 13% variation in V RD .


Vortex identification and visualization are important means to understand the underlying physical mechanism of the flow field. Local vortex identification methods need to combine with the manual selection of the appropriate threshold, which leads to poor robustness. Global vortex identification methods are of high computational complexity and time-consuming. Machine learning methods are related to the size and shape of the flow field, which are weak in versatility and scalability. It cannot be extended and is suitable for flow fields of different sizes. Recently, proposed deep learning methods have long network training time and high computational complexity. Aiming at the above problems, we present a novel vortex identification method based on the Convolutional Neural Networks-Extreme Learning Machine (CNN-ELM). This method transforms the vortex identification problem into a binary classification problem, and can quickly, objectively, and robustly identify vortices from the flow field. A large number of experiments prove the effectiveness of our method, which can improve or supplement the shortcomings of existing methods.


Akerlof & Kranton propose a way to capture the power of identity with traditional economic analysis. The writing is lucid and clear and opens the way to wide readership by avoiding the use of economic jargon. The book's stated aim is to introduce a way of making sense of the effect social contexts have on beliefs (or non-economic motives). Identity economics, they say, gives a vocabulary and analytical framework to discover and describe norms that drives these motives – a social context putting 'humanity' into understanding individual decision making.


many other oral lesions and rarely is tuberculosis at the top of the list of differential diagnoses.2 In the older texts, when tuberculosis was more common, the ulcers were described as being painless and found mainly on the tongue and occasionally on the gingivae. Patients seem to be taking longer to seek advice for such lesions and the pain is probably related to further infection of the ulcer with normal oral commensals. Finally, I would stress that, although this case was reported from Nigeria, such cases are still to be seen in Britain in both natives and immigrants, and the incidence may be even higher than is thought, as oral lesions are rarely sought in patients with active tuberculosis. Such patients with covert tuberculosis and dental pain may well be given a general anaesthetic during treatment and investigation, with the resulting danger of infecting the anaesthetic apparatus. Genetic counselling in Huntington's chorea SIR,-We are concerned at the increasing publicity and the changing attitudes towards genetic counselling in Huntington's chorea. Under the guise of "help" a major drive is developing to discover all the families with the disease. Before all this becomes too public, and therefore out of the control of medical ethics, we feel several points need to be emphasised. (1) It is a rare disease which has involved a few families for many generations. (2) To eradicate the disease from a family the family itself must be eradicated. This is idealistic medicine, but is it the best medicine here? (3) The only "help" that can be given at present is advice against having children. (4) Particular gentleness and care are needed in genetic counselling in these families because one is advising people who have not yet displayed symptoms of a disease they may have inherited. The foremost responsibility of doctors is towards living patients and not possible future generations. (5) In some patients the disease is not as terrible as is usually described. This should not influence genetic counselling but is a useful solace when advising those at risk. There seem to be familial traits in the clinical picture. In a family which we have studied seven out of 20 members have had mild chorea with no dementia for many years. The average age at death of affected members in that family has been five years older than that of the unaffected members in the last three generations. Therefore …


The phase lock loop detection error and the time delay often occur in the digital control circuit for harmonics detection. To mitigate the influences of the two problems, the performance of the harmonics detection method without phase lock loop was discussed, and on the basis of the universal instantaneous power theory, the effect of the time delay on the reference compensation current signal was investigated. Then an improved synchronous reference frame method for harmonics and reactive currents detection was proposed, in which there is no phase lock loop and took the time delay into account. The phase lock loop detection error was avoided by set the rotation speed of the synchronous reference frame in advance and the time delay was compensated by importing the compensatory angle in the inverse transform. This method is easy to be implemented for digital control application and is not affected by the distorted source voltage. The simulation results have also shown its accuracy and feasibility.


Objective: To analyze X-ray computer radiographic(CR) signs of herniation pit of the femoral neck.Methods: Seven cases with typical X-ray signs of herniation pit of the femoral neck were examined with Japanese Konica CR unit bilaterally.Results: Nine herniation pits of the femoral neck were found in 7 cases.It appear as rounded or oval shaped low density lesions with thin sclerosed margin and maximal diameter ≤13 mm.The lesions located subcortically at the anterior lateral site of femoral neck or occured at the base of femoral neck.Conclusion: The rounded Subcortical lesions with seclorotic margin at the anterior lateral site of femoral neck or at the base of femoral neck are the characteristic signs in diagnosing the herniation pits of the femoral neck.


tag=1 data=Taxing families. by Alan Tapper

tag=2 data=Tapper, Alan

tag=3 data=Quadrant,

tag=4 data=XXXIV

tag=5 data=272

tag=6 data=December 1990

tag=7 data=43-46.

tag=8 data=FAMILIES%SOCIAL SERVICES

tag=10 data=Taking into account all government services and benefits and deducting all direct and indirect taxes, there is no net transfer to families with dependent children. Everything that families get from government - including education - they pay for themselves.

tag=11 data=1991/3/1

tag=12 data=91/0028

tag=13 data=CAB


Accurate wind speed prediction can effectively reduce the wind abandon rate, thus reducing the operation cost of power system. However, the prediction of wind speed by a single algorithm may lead to incomplete extraction of relevant features and the possibility that irrelevant variables may cover up important variables. Therefore, this paper proposes a short-term wind speed prediction method based on the combination of wind speed data preprocessing and neural network. The method of combining discrete wavelet transform with mutual information is used to mine the wind speed data, and then the intelligent algorithm is used to optimize the neural network to further improve the prediction accuracy. Firstly, the trend sequence and noise sequence are obtained by discrete wavelet transform. Then, considering the interaction between input variables and frequency components, the mutual information method is adopted to screen high and low frequency sequences. After screening, the variables with high correlation are selected as the input of the prediction model. Finally, the BP neural network based on Yin-Yang pair optimization algorithm is used to predict the wind speed. The results show that the proposed method has higher prediction accuracy than existing prediction methods.


Based on the field monitoring of ground temperatures of different test sections along National Highway No.214,the ground temperature difference in superficial layer,the annual average temperature difference of embankment under concrete pavement and asphalt pavement,and the temperature influencing depth of the pavements on the embankment are analysed respectively,and numerical simulation is made according to the analytical result.The results indicate that there are remarkable seasonal differences of temperature in superficial layer between asphalt pavement and concrete pavement,the influencing depth of temperature by pavement types is within 8 m depth.The differences of the formation time of melt soil core under the same conditions,the maximum thawed depth changed with service time and height of embankment,and the difference and the development process of the maximum thawed depths between 2 kinds of pavement are studied by numerical analysis.The effective measurements could be proposed by the results to keep the thermal stabilities of highway embankment.


In order to solve the problems of fault rapid diagnosis of the flow distributing and collecting valve, put forward a kind of method which is based on higher order spectrum about fault diagnosis of flow distributing and collecting valve. When flow distributing and collecting valve is zero mean non-gaussian noise, sampling data, and the data processing, the AR model is established by using high-order cumulants to data, then double spectrum analysis. In view of the flow distributing and collecting valve double spectrum chart, contour map, AR diagonal slice figure and 2 d slices of three spectrum in normal and fault conditions, comparing the different difference is obvious. The experiment results indicate it is feasible to carry out fault analysis using high order spectrum.


It is shown that the empirical rule that the masses of the stable mesons and baryons of the gamma-branch are integer multiples of the mass of the pi0 meson with a maximal deviation of 3.3% holds also for the meson and baryon resonances, regardless whether the spin of the particles is 0 or 1/2. It is also shown that the masses of the particles with weak decay are integer multiples of the mass of the charged mesons times a common factor 0.853.


This paper describes the design and evaluation of two laboratory experiments that introduce LEGO ® Digital Designer and MINDSTROMS ® Education systems as meaningful means to reinforce concepts of micromanufacturing and industrial automation to engineering undergraduate students. The proposed laboratory experiments aim to complement the classroom lectures and to increase students' conceptual understanding and learning motivation. The first laboratory experiment introduces the LEGO Digital Designer as a 3D design program to better understand the micromanufacturing process through the virtual assembly of LEGO blocks. The second laboratory experiment uses LEGO Mindstorms NXT systems to provide students with hands-on team projects to design and build an automated system while applying concepts learned in the classroom. Data from students' projects and surveys is presented to evaluate the efficacy of the designed laboratory experiments on student engagement and conceptual understanding.


Objectives: The present study discussed the design and development of an ePRO system that records and manages clinical trial data on a blockchain network so as to prevent any arbitrary modification, forgery, or falsification and improve the reliability of the data. Methods: The overall system design and development of ePRO consists of (1) advancement and development of blockchain technology, (2) development of a blockchain clinical trial system model, (3) development of a clinical trial data collecting tool using blockchain, and (4) technological verification of the blockchain-based ePRO system. Results: The results of this study suggest a potential to save human resources and costs for CDM operation by increasing reliability through the implementation of an on-chain clinical trial system. Additionally, the on-chain clinical trial system is predicted to help prevent harm from serious abnormal reactions, including patients' death, subsequent side effects, and birth defects caused by clinical trial errors. Conclusions: The ePRO system can serve as a platform for medical and clinical services to cope with expanding clinical data fields. When the system developed in this study is combined in the near future with state-of-the-art technologies such as IoT and AI, a new paradigm for clinical data repositories and management systems is predicted to develop. Based on the clinical data collected by this ePRO system, when a clinical data warehouse is established and linked to medical information systems, a servitization model that can accelerate innovation in the medical service market is expected to emerge.


This letter presents a joined cepstral distance and voice quality feature two-stage multi-class classification with DAG-SVM for emotional speech. The Harmonic to Noise Ratio (HNR) is applied to detect the throat diseases because it can reflect characteristics of the throat. Meanwhile, these characteristics are also strong emotional basis to distinguish emotion in speech. The cepstrum and cepstral distance is able to measure differences as well, which are well used for endpoint detecting in speech signals. In this work, cepstral distance is used for measuring the similarity between frames in emotional statement and in neutral signals. The experiment shows that cepstral distance can increase the recognition rate of emotion sad, and can balance the rate of other classes of emotion except angry. Finally, aiming at the characteristics that the different emotional expression ability of these feature set is different, a two-state classification is applied to solve confusion in multi-emotion recognition. In the recognition, Chinese mandarin emotion database is used and a large training set (1134+378 utterances) ensures a powerful modeling capability for predicting emotion.


This study is conducted to find out the effect of trust, ease and the quality of information on purchasing decisions through social media Instagram.The sample was collected by using the purpose sampling technique and the number of sample was 100 instagram users in Malang aged 18-26 years old who have made a purchase through Instagram. Multiple linear regression analysis wasused to determine the effect of trust, ease and quality of information on purchasing decisions through Instagram. The results of this study shows thatthe trust influenceon purchasing decisions, the ease influence on purchasing decisions and also the quality of information influence the purchase decision. This research is expected for further researchers to conduct research using those variables on other objects.


In the current context of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), the university's mission to educate professionals capable of adapting to the labor market in a globalized world is stronger than ever. For many decades, Translation and Interpretation studies have played a fundamental role for students. These programs offer graduates a wide variety of career opportunities from teaching languages to working in foreign trade. In the panorama of Translation and Interpretation studies, the Audiovisual Translation specialization has traditionally had a very specific profile limited to people with a passion and clear professional vocation. However, over the last decade, post graduate student research in this field has grown in popularity. Based on Bartina's work from 2004 dividing research in Audiovisual Translation into 5 categories, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the current research trends among graduate students. More specifically, the paper studies the thesis topics chosen by students in the Master's Degree in Audiovisual Translation offered by ISTRAD (Spain) over the past 10 years. Based on the results, the trends, preferences, and challenges for the new generation of Audiovisual Translation researchers will be presented.


The purpose of this study was to develop a midrange theory, building on Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory (SCDNT) to include constructs of religion, spirituality, and spiritual self‑care practices. This mid-range theory, White's theory of spirituality and spiritual self-care (WTSSSC), was developed and tested as part of a larger study of African American patients with heart failure (HF). The aim of the study was to determine if spiritual self-care practices were mediating the relationship between depression and quality of life for African Americans diagnosed with heart failure. Participants in this study included 142 African Americans diagnosed with HF who were recruited at the clinic where they were being treated. Four instruments were used to measure spiritual self-care practices (White's Spiritual Self-Care Practice Scale (WSPSCPC)), depression symptomology (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)), quality of life (World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL-Bref)), and personal characteristics. Results of the analysis were statistically significant, indicating that spirituality self-care practices were mediating the relationship between depression and quality of life for African American individuals diagnosed with HF. As the population ages and chronic illness becomes more common, nurses need to promote the use of spirituality self-care practices to help patients maintain their well-being.


Efforts to protect electrical circuits from fault currents led to a new device, the current limiting protector (CLP), which combines a copper-bar solid conductor in parallel with a conventional silver and current-limited fuse within a 28 x 7-inch fiberglass cylinder. A fault current causes chemical reactions in the copper bar and diverts current into the conventional fuse, which melts and safely interrupts the fault current. Successful short-circuit tests of the CLP indicate substantial first-cost and operating-cost savings. 1 figure. (DCK)


Agency Updates Tri-County Women's Outreach (Dottie/Becky): Dottie discussed funding. State requires them to apply for funding. Due date is Nov 18. Will be notified Dec 13. If they don't receive funding, they will be done Jan 31. Becky discussed vacancy with mobile crisis team. Terri PriceDecker will not be with Crisis Team after January 1. There are two agencies expressing interest. Deadline is Nov. 18 and a decision will be made the following week. The selected agency will be notified Nov 23.


These two books represent a period of twenty years in the life of author E. Herbert-Caesari. Vocal Truth, published in 1971, is the latest in his series of works devoted to the pedagogy of voice. The Voice of the Mind is a reissue of the volume first published in 1951. In addition to vocal pedagogy, this book deals with theories of tone production. The author's principal thesis in The Voice of the Mind is that it is necessary to develop the greatest possible mental control over voice production. This should not deny the likelihood that, in the process, the singer will acquire a number of sensations that will guide him in the proper physical manipulation of his instrument. The most striking of Herbert-Caesari's theories is based on what he terms the "sound beam," a partially acoustical phenomenon supported by scientist Noel Bonavia-Hunt (who contributes commentary that is inserted at appropriate places throughout the book). This idea provides the author with a tool for demolishing two of his favorite targets. These targets, which he finds closely related, are "that pernicious forward production method" (Chapter Four) and diaphragmatic drive. The concept of the sound beam is called on again in Herbert-Caesari's discussion of "that covering business" (Chapter Five), in which it involves vowel modification. This device has been given much more detailed and convincing attention in Ralph Appelman's The Science of Vocal Pedagogy, which uses the related term "vowel


Life Insurance in India: An Information Source New Century Publication, New Delhi, 2011, Pages: 198, Price: ?535 (HB) ISBN: 978-81-7708-252-4Life insurance in India wraps about 3% of the total population which is less than 1% of global insurance market. Consequently, India requires more funds with Foreign Direct Investment and more players with foreign players to come in this sector so that the size of market grows. Now the industry is unwrapped to private players under the government mandate with a minimum capital of ? 100 crore and a maximum of 26% stake for foreign equity. However, global insurers have set up their business in India in the course of joint venture with a capital base of at least US$20 mn which is restricted to 26%.Life Insurance in India was nationalized by incorporating LIC in 1956. While the new players effort to amplify their market in India, LIC goes on to leverage benefit of its old establishment and government support for maintaining its growth with 26% FDI. However, LIC as a leading player has gained an increase of 88% in new business premium income. According to LICs recent filing with Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act (IRDA) the total value of its investments from policy holders funds, as at June 30, 2010, stood at 867,935 crore as agencies 717,002 crore in June 2009, the value of investments in equity share has become 183,233 crore. Public sector Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has clocked a robust 72.53% jump in fresh premium collection in January 2009 leaving behind major private sector players, most of whom have posted negative growth of 24.99% in the month as compared to January 2008.In 1993 the Government of India appointed RN Malhotra Committee to give a road map for privatization of the life insurance sector and recommended that private insurers be allowed to co-exist together with government companies because of huge savings in the Indian economy. After a long period of a monopolistic environment, the insurance sector in India was unwrapped to private participation with the ratification of the IRDA, 1999. The opening up has predicted well for the sector which has observed preamble of new products in modern times. Liberalization in this sector has fashioned antagonism and given the customers an extensive variety not only in the issue of insurance companies, but also in terms of insurance products. Conversely, the shock of augmented antagonism is yet to be felt on insurance dissemination. With banks having already been allowed to undertake insurance business, bank assurance market has also come up in a big way. …


MARK tag is a common method in industrial image location. In allusion to the disadvantages of conventional MARK located, such as large numbers of templates training set,no scale and rotation ,harsh conditions and slow processing speed ,a improved matching strategy based on NCC is proposed in this paper. The method search and correct the sole MARK in the template, extract 25 grids normalized feature sequence. Then matching with all contour feature sequences extracted in the target image and finally locate the target MARK. The experiment results show that , the method has much robustness to scale and rotation and can meet the real-time processing requirements


For future large-scale computer applications, new device technologies towards GaAs LSI/VLSI have been developed: self-aligned fully implanted planar GaAs MESFET technology and high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The self-aligned GaAs MESFET logic with 1.5-µm gate length exhibits a minimum switching time of 50 ps and the lowest power-delay product of 14.5 fJ at room temperature. The enhancement/depletion (E/D) type direct coupled HEMT logic has achieved a switching time of 17.1 ps with 1.7-µm gate length at liquid nitrogen temperature and more recently a switching time of 12.8 ps with 1.1-µm gate HEMT logic, which exceeds the top speed of Josephson Junction logic and shows the highest speed of any device logic ever reported. Optimized system performances are also projected to system delay of 200 ps at 10-kilogate integration with GaAs MESFET VLSI, and 100 ps at 100-kilogate with HEMT VLSI. These values of system delay correspond to the computer performance of over 100 million instructions per second (MIPS).


Abstract We measured vertical strain in the firn at Siple Dome, Antarctica, using two systems, both of which measure relative displacements over time of metal markers placed in an air-filled borehole. One system uses a metal-detecting tuned coil, and the other uses a video camera to locate the markers. We compare the merits of the two systems. We combine steady-state calculations and a measured density profile to estimate the true vertical-velocity profile. This allows us to calculate a depth-age scale for the firn at Siple Dome. Our steady-state depth-age scale has ages ≈10-15% younger at any given depth when compared to depth-age scales derived by layer counting in a core 40 m away. The age of a visible ash layer at 97 m in the core is 665 ± 30 years, in agreement with a similar analysis conducted at Taylor Dome, Antarctica, where the same ash is also seen, providing an additional dated tie point between the two cores.


A multi-disciplinary, watershed-based approach was used to assess the potential contribution of septic tank discharges to high fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) levels in a tributary of the White Point Swash, a tidal creek located on the Grand Strand of South Carolina. In 2008, a monitoring site in the swash was placed on the 303(d) list for recreational and shellfish impairments based on Enterococci and fecal coliform contraventions. It is slated for total maximum daily load (TMDL) development by 2017. The swash lies within the Myrtle Beach Urbanized Area and hence implementation of the TMDL will be required under the Clean Water Act's National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Phase II stormwater program. The most useful FIB TMDL's are those that contain source assessments that enable local stormwater managers to prescribe and implement best management practices (BMPs) to reduce loads. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recommends a watershed- based approach for tracing and remediating FIB water quality problems and, hence, was adopted as the foundation of our methodology. The study area tributary to the White Point Swash drains a watershed that includes a portion of the Town of Briarcliffe Acres, a 416-acre residential community that includes about 250 homes and the 500-acre undeveloped Meher Spiritual Center. Both are notable for low population density, low impervious cover and extensive tree canopy. Both the Town and the Spiritual Center rely on septic tanks for sanitary sewer service. The potential contribution of septic tank discharge to the FIB impairment was evaluated by performing a watershed analysis, which included mapping of land cover, topography, septic tank locations, and stormwater utilities on a property/parcel level and collation of extant water quality data. Information on property owners' septic tank usage and maintenance activities was obtained from an anonymous mail survey. Targeted sampling was conducted during wet and dry conditions to identify the potential geographic source(s) and conditions under which FIB impairments emanate. Tracers unique to human sources were used as putative indicators of potential septic tank discharge, which included the detection of a human-specific DNA marker in Bacteroidetes, a FIB common to human fecal microflora. A second tracer was the quantification of optical brighteners, a component of most laundry detergents. Concurrent measurements of Enteroccoci, fecal coliform, ammonia, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and true color were used to corroborate the FIB source identification. Preliminary results from initial sampling events indicate a correlation between high fecal coliform and Enteroccoci concentrations and the presence of human-specific Bacteroidetes gene markers and optical brighteners during wet-weather events, indicating (at least partially) a human source of the FIB impairment during these times. This multi-disciplined, watershed-based approach has potential use for other FIB-contaminated sites along the Grand Strand's coastline. In 2008, the South Carolina 303(d) list included 11 sites within the Grand Strand listed for FIB contamination and an additional 22 sites designated as "waters of concern".


Iron pyrite (FeS2) is a promising lithium ion battery cathode material because of its low cost and ultra-high energy density (1671 Wh kg-1). However, its reaction mechanisms are still controversial. In this work, we find that different from the conventional beliefs that a formation of an intermediate phase Li2FeS2 and then Fe/Li2S composites at the initial discharge, it undergoes a one-step reaction (FeS2 → Fe + Li2S) or a two-step reaction (FeS2 → FeS + Li2S→ Fe + Li2S), which depends on current rate and temperature. In the charge process, it undergoes a two-step reaction: a phase transition Fe + Li2S → FeS at about 1.74 V; a generation of elemental sulfur (Li2S → S, 2.30 V). FeS is a mackinawite phase which is formed on the interface of Li2S via a hetero-epitaxial growth. In the subsequent cycles, it is a combination reaction behavior of FeS and S. The reaction mechanism suggests that FeS2 suffers from the challenges of conversion reaction materials both FeS and S, such as big volume change, voltage hysteresis, and polysulfide dissolution. These findings would help understand the intrinsic capacity fading of FeS2 and provide guidelines to improve its electrochemical performances.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an impulse-like blow transmission device permitting work to be performed to various different foundations manually, efficiently and safely, and preferably in a dry state. SOLUTION: This impulse-like blow transmission device provided with a storage part 5 for a tool, and an interface 4 for transmitting impulse-like blows and continuous rotation in order to transmit impulse-like blows to a continuously rotating tool is formed as an adaptor 1. One end of the adaptor 1 is insertable in a tool storage part 10 of a hand tool device provided with a striking device, and the other end of the adaptor 1 is provided with the storage part 5 for the tool 6. Drilling blow transmission means 8, 9 for transmitting an impulse-like drilling blow with a second blow component superimposed on a first blow component produced by the striking device of the hand tool device, to the tool 6 is provided in a housing 2 of the adaptor 1, so that the impulse-like drilling blow is composed of a longitudinal blow component L and a torsional blow component T.


. Five high-resolutioned spectra of unusual Cepheid X Sgr have been obtained during its pulsational period. For the first time we obtain accurate fundamental parameters and abundances of chemical elements, in particular of sodium, magnesium and aluminium. We estimate the mean T eff = 6143 (cid:6) 30 K; log g = 2.00; V t = 4.35 km s (cid:0) 1 . The estimated effective temperature and surface gravity are relatively high compared to the typical values characteristic of Cepheids with pulsational period around 7 days. A deficit of carbon ([C / H] = -0.26 (cid:6) 0.04 dex), overabun-dances of sodium ([Na / H] =+0.31 (cid:6) 0.04 dex) and aluminium ([Al / H] = +0.21 (cid:6) 0.08 dex) are typical for Cepheids passing through the first dredge-up phase. However, an obvious overabundance of magnesium ([Mg / H] = +0.19 (cid:6) 0.04 dex) is unusual. The abundance of iron ([Fe / H] = -0.02 (cid:6) 0.01 dex) is very close to the solar one. Abundances


Objective To investigate the value of applications in combined detection of auto antibodies and complements( C3,C4) to diagnose Systemic Lupus Erythematosus( SLE). Methods The serum of 126 patients with SLE and 100 healthy people as normal control was collected. ANA and anti- ds- DNA antibody were detected by indirect immunofluorescence( IIF),the spectrum of anti- nuclear antibodies was detected by immunoblotting analysis,C3 and C4 were detected by immune transmission turbidity method. Results Among the patients of SLE,the positive rate of ANA was 93. 7%; the positive rate of Anti- ds- DNAwas 44. 4%; the positive rate of the spectrum of anti- nuclear antibodies were 90%,in which the positive rates of anti- Sm antibody,Anti- nucleosome antibody,anti- histone antibody,andanti- ribosomal p antibody were separately 42. 9%,34. 9%,30. 2%,25. 4%,26. 9%. The positive C3 accounted for 55. 6%,and the positive C4 accounted for 49. 2%,which were higher than normal control obviously( P 0. 05). Conclusion The combined detection of autoantibodies( including ANA,anti- ds- DNA antibody and the spectrum of anti- nuclear antibodies) and complements( C3 and C4),which could increase the sensitivity and specificity of SLE apparently,could be important in diagnosis,treatment,clinical observation and prognosis evaluation for SLE patients.


The author gives and analyzes the percentage of the electricity consumption of the terminal to the entire airport, which is based on the 10 busiest domestic airports in China. A new idea and method is proposed to estimate and design the airport power capacity (electrical loads), which is shown to be feasible and applicable by the experimental data.


Oral mucocele is a benign cystic exophytic lesion affecting the minor salivary gland and is especially present in pediatric patients (3% under 14 years). It is characterized by an extravasation or retention of fluid or mucus in the submucosal tissue of the minor salivary glands. Several surgical techniques have been proposed over the years, including the excision of the mucocele by using the injection of a hydrocolloid impression material in the light of the cyst to prevent the collapse of the cystic wall and solidify the lesion, resulting in a better cleavage plan. The combined clinical approach between the combination of Shira's technique and the surgical excision of the cystic lesion results in a conservative surgical removal of the lesion. Here, we reported the removal of a labial mucocele in a 14-year-old male patient, using the injection of a hydrocolloid impression material. At a 12 months follow up, the patient showed complete healing of the surgical site, showing a pinkish lip lining mucosa without scarring or recurrence of the primary lesion. The combined therapeutic approach between Shira's technique and surgical excision allows a safe and predictable excision of the labial mucocele, minimizing the risk of recurrence.


News articles play a role in reproducing or challenging stigma. Stigma, in turn, can be a barrier to men's mental health help seeking. We used discursive analytic principles to analyze portrayals of men's communication about depression in news articles over a 5-year period. We found that news articles depicted men who were open about depression as experiencing positive outcomes such as recovery. Such depictions might challenge stigma associated with talking about mental health concerns. However, some articles problematically positioned depressed men as individually responsible for defying stigma and achieving recovery. We suggest that portraying depression as something that impacts a plurality of men is one way that media messages might dispel stigma. We drew recommendations from the findings about the language that could be used by media, mental health campaigns, and health service providers to mitigate the impact of stigma on men's mental health help seeking.


In skeletal biology it is assumed that living conditions are reflected in the frequency and distribution of nonspecific stress indicators. Since children belong to the most vulnerable section of the population, child health and growth are treated as markers reflecting well-being of the whole society. Therefore, this study combines these two areas of research: health indicators and the growth of long bones, in order to reveal the quality of life in a sample of medieval preadults. A total of 194 skeletons aged 0–15 were examined from Ostrów Lednicki cemetery, western-central Poland, dated to 13th–15th AD. For comparison purposes, data on three other Polish sites were used: medieval Cedynia dated to10th–14th and Gruczno 12th–14th as well as late-medieval/early historical site Słaboszewo dating to 14th–17th. In the Middle Ages the examined site of Ostrów Lednicki played a high political and social role, as it was one of a few residences of the then Polish kings. Cedynia was also a quite privileged site, since it lied at an important trade route leading from the north to the south of Poland. Gruczno was a well-prospering stronghold and Słaboszewo represented a local rural society typical of late medieval Polish villages. Skeletal growth profiles of lower limb bones were constructed – mean diaphyseal lengths were plotted against yearly dental age estimates. The profiles of growth rate were also produced. For the evaluation of health status various skeletal markers were used: non-specific stress indicators – cribra orbitalia, Harris lines, dental enamel hypoplasia and porotic hyperostosis, indicators of non-specific infection – periostitis and endocranial new bone formation and also traces of diet-dependent diseases, scurvy and rickets. The prevalence of cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis and endocranial new bone formation proved markedly lower in the examined population than in the compared European samples, but the incidences of enamel hypoplasia and Harris lines were quite high. The most frequently affected individuals were from 6 to 15 years of age. The general pattern of femur growth was almost identical for all compared Polish samples, particularly in the period from 4 to 8 years of age. After the age of 8 the growth of femur in the examined population started to proceed at a higher level. The health and growth status of Ostrów preadults proved most similar to the Cedynia ones, while the preadults from Słaboszewo likely lived in the poorest conditions. On the basis of health indicators and skeletal growth profiles, Ostrów Lednicki preadults seem to be quite well adapted to their environment. In the Middle Ages Cedynia and, particularly, Ostrów Lednicki sites, because of their location, role in the Polish state and the social position of the inhabitants, provided more beneficial conditions for the development of children. The socio-economic status of Gruczno was definitely lower, and the lowest was of Słaboszewo, rural site, where people lived in rather unchanging poor environmental and cultural environment.


Introduction: Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (PLC) is a rare variant of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) that has a higher degree of cell atypia and pleomorphism, and has been associated with factors with a worse prognosis such as larger tumor size, and greater lymph node involvement, however, its real prognostic value is still not well defined. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical-pathological characteristics, overall survival, and disease-free survival in PLC and compare it to ILC. Method: All ILC and PLC cases submitted to surgery at Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças from January 1st, 2008 to January 31st, 2018 were analyzed. The main clinical and pathological variables related to prognosis were analyzed, as well as the overall survival and disease-free survival for both groups. Results and Discussion: 77 cases of ILC and 35 of PLC were found. The PLC group presented factors of worse prognosis in relation to the ILC group, such as a higher histological grade (p<0.001), presence of lymphovascular invasion (p<0.001), greater axillary lymph node involvement (p=0.003), and higher Ki-67 rates (p<0.001). Contrary to what was expected, we did not find a greater expression of HER2 (p=0.095) in the PLC, and there was also no significant difference between the groups regarding disease-free survival and overall survival. Conclusions: PLC still cannot be considered as an independent variable with a worse prognosis and more studies are needed to better understand this entity.


Carbonaceous nano test tubes were fabricated by a template-engaged approach using a core−sheath Te@carbon nanocomposite as the template. This method is simple, low-cost, and ideal for large-scale production. Because one end of each tubular nanostructure is open but another end is closed, the as-formed carbonaceous material looks like a test tube with an average diameter of about 120 nm and lengths up to 5 μm. The resulting samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as-synthesized carbonaceous nano test tubes are potentially useful as nanocapsules in drug delivery and diagnostic applications.


Force of tube extrusion has been studied theoretically and the formula is determined by means of block method. On the basis of theoretical and experimental study, It is found that theoretical results of extrusion force given by calculating formula are approaching to that of experiment and relative errors are less than 20%. It is also found that extrusion force has relation to deformation temperature, lubricant and ratio of extrusion. The following calculating formula of extrusion force is given by this paper.


The success of the Semantic Web will largely depend on whether W3C's Web Ontology Language can reach broad acceptance and a critical mass of industry-strength applications. We have been exploiting the use of OWL with a particular focus on tool support for ontology authoring and on providing access to the Semantic Web for mobile applications. In the latter case our vision is to overlay the Semantic Web on ubiquitous computing environments making it possible to represent and interlink content and services as well as users, devices, their capabilities and the functionality they offer. In this paper we present our first experiences and lessons learned from early work and try to give constructive feedback for possible enhancements of OWL and its tools.


In this paper, we describe the synthesis and the action against of the trypomastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi of a new class of nitroimidazole-2-carbaldehyde O-benzyloximes. These derivatives were designed through the application of molecular hybridization concept between two potent antiprotozoal compounds, the 5-nitrothiophene-2-carbaldehyde O-oxime 6 and the trypanocidal piperidinyl-4-carbaldehyde O-benzyloxime 7 with the intention of reaching two distinct molecular targets of T. cruzi. The activity of these benzyl ether derivatives was tested against the infective trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, and the derivative (E)-1-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-2-carbaldehyde O-(4-nitrobenzyl) oxime (1) presented moderate trypanocidal activity (IC50 = 12.7 μM) when compared with the standard drug benznidazole, which showed to be a good starting point for the design of more effective trypanocide agents.


Gold complexes are a kind of compounds which contain gold ions in the center of molecules.The gold ions have special electronic structure so their chemical property is quite active.Based on this,the gold complexes can easily act on the reductive biomacromolecules in cells,so as to generate pharmacological activities.Recently,the researchers have designed and synthesized a series of gold complexes which have stable properties and multiple functions,by means of replacing and modifying the ligands in the complexes.The advances in research on the Au(Ⅰ) and Au(Ⅲ) complexes which show promising antitumor activities have been reviewed in this paper.


Water extract of Clerodendranthus spicatus was successively fractionated using 3 different solvents to provide petroleum ether extract( PE),chloroform extract( CE),ethyl acetate extract( EAE) and water extract( WE). Different antioxidant assays including OH·,O-· 2,DPPH· scavenging activity,reducing power,metal chelating activity,anti-reactive oxygen species( anti-ROS) activity and effects on FeSO4and H2O2induced MDA and GSH-Px production increase were employed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of four extracts. The inhibition rate of mitochondrial swelling induced by Fe2 +-L-Cys in vitro was employed to evaluate the protective effects on mitochondrion. The results showed that all the 4 different extracts had the ability of scavenging DPPH·,O-· 2,·OH and chelating Fe2 +,anti-ROS in vitro,significantly lower the levels of MDA,rised the levels of GSH-Px in renal homogenate and inhibited the renal mitochondria swelling, in concentration dependent manner. The results provided a basis for C. spicatus to be used in the treatment of renal disease.


SUMMARY 1. We surveyed 62 Canadian Shield lakes (<50 ha) to determine the relationship between factors related to isolation and extinction and the occurrence of brook trout (BT) (Salvelinus fontinalis), for which local extinctions have been documented over the last century in half of the lakes. 2. Logistic regression and information–theoretic model selection were used to determine the importance for the occupancy of BT of (i) isolation factors (degree of lake connectivity and the proximity of source populations of BT in neighbouring bodies of water) and (ii) extinction factors (lake morphometry and trophic status, as proxies of the risk of lake anoxia; predation and competition; and flooding caused by beaver (Castor canadensis) dams, which could potentially increase the risk of anoxia). 3. Isolation factors were the best predictors of the absence of BT in these lakes. Among extinction factors, only the impact of beaver dams (as measured by an index of increased water level and mortality of shrubs and trees in the littoral zone) improved model fits. Beaver dams were present at the outlets of all study lakes, but extensive mortality of riparian trees and shrubs was more common in lakes where BT populations were extinct. 4. Taken together, these results suggest that recolonization is a major factor determining the occurrence of BT while flooding caused by beaver dams might contribute to BT extinction by increasing the likelihood of winterkill in these small lakes.


FROM THE MOST PRIMITIVE THOUGHTS ON ECONOMICS TO THE refined and complicated analyses of today, is the scope of this vastly improved 3rd Edition. It features an entirely new section on Keynes; a new chapter on present day theory; a revision of the treatment of the Classical School; an expanded treatment of the sections on Mill and Marshall; and a Critique of Marx, which is invaluable to students as an evaluation of the basic differences between conflicting economic systems.


Each reader approaches a new issue of the journal searching for treasure. Each will have an individual taste for particular gems, but all agree that the biggest prize, especially for our patients, will be 'acupuncture in medicine' that is, the evidencebased use in health care of a scientific approach to acupuncture. This bumper issue contains some important signposts to the treasure trove, a glimpse of the big prize, and some other gems, but readers will need to explore every corner of the journal. Our first signpost points to the 'plausibility ' of acupuncture. So far, MRI studies have not delivered the their promised breakthrough in our understanding of its mechanisms. One problem is the difficulty of measuring the effect of 'acupuncture' overall: up till now, studies have measured the difference between 'manipulation' and 'no manipulation', as the needles remain inserted throughout. Here, Zheng and colleagues report two new MRI techniques—with the delightful abbreviations of 'ReHo' and 'ALFF'— for measuring effects that are sustained after the needle is removed (figure 1). They showed changes in frontal lobe, cingulate gyrus and cerebellum. An expert editorial by Chae points out the limitations, especially the difficulties of separating brain responses to needling from responses to the other thoughts and emotions present at the same time. Chae points forwards to improved design for future studies. And, the following paper, from the same Guangzhou team, is another signpost, pointing this time to brain changes associated with de qi, using tomography scanning. As well as plausible, acupuncture must be shown to be effective. Many readers will be aware of the recent Acupuncture Triallists' meta-analysis of acupuncture for musculoskeletal conditions and headache, but if not, it is summarised in our Research Update. For us it shows clearly that acupuncture is 'not just a placebo', and signals a future in which sham controlled trials are superfluous. Sadly, not everybody reads the signs in the same way. Plausibility, effectiveness, so what about cost-effectiveness? A large and thorough review by Kim and colleagues shows that acupuncture falls within the acceptable thresholds for several conditions and several countries. So now to the glimpse of that treasure, located interestingly enough in Brazil, a driving and ambitious country. Costi and colleagues describe how acupuncture is now recognised as a medical specialty there, and integrated as an option into the national training curriculum. This shows what can be achieved by persistent, evidence-based advocacy. Let's hope Brazil's integration of acupuncture is a glimpse of the future. Treasure hunters digging away in daily clinical practice will be encouraged by two reviews, of different sorts, of acupuncture for heel pain, and for tendinopathy. Those who deal with children in hospital will be entranced by the gem of a case series in which Anders and colleagues treated children with constipation—acupuncture as a first choice, not a last resort. Happy hunting.


This paper traces the evolution of an Acholi ethnic identity in northcentral Uganda. The main argument is that this evolution began in the late seventeenth century with the establishment of a new sociopolitical order in the region characterized most importantly by chiefly forms of organization. This was followed by language shift on a large scale and then, during the second half of the nineteenth century, by the introduction of a new collective term of identification by Arabic-speaking traders from the north. This new term was "Shooli," eventually transformed into "Acholi."


Numerous applications can benefit from use of integrated
INS/GPS technology. For several years, Boeing Autonetics
has been developing a family of integrated Inertial
Navigation System/Global Positioning System (INS/GPS)
products, Miniature Integrated GPS/INS Tactical System
(MIGITSa), for off-the-shelf employment by various
applications that require good performance at a low cost.
This paper describes the most recent, coarse/acquisition
(C/A) code, MIGITSa product: C-MIGITSa II. First, the
product architecture and overall design approach are
presented. The C-MIGITSa II design is then discussed in
more detail, along with key performance parameters.
C-MIGITSa II was developed for applications that place a
strong premium on small size and low cost, and can either
tolerate C/A code accuracy or can employ differential
corrections. It uses the Boeing solid state digital quartz
inertial measurement unit (DQI IMU) in conjunction with a
Rockwell 5-channel MicroTrackera low power (LP)
commercial GPS engine. These are packaged in a small
hermetic enclosure. The product features small size (54
cubic inches) and low weight (2.4 pounds). A tightly
coupled navigation mechanization combines the raw IMU
and GPS outputs in a single Kalman filter.
C-MIGITSa II represents a low-cost, in-production,
commercial off-the-shelf, nondevelopmental-item
(COTS/NDI) product that can be beneficially employed in a
variety of commercial and military applications.


The article presents research into the reactivity and SO2 sorption abilities of calcareous sorbents, which vary in quality. Two sorbents were used: limestone and travertine, with grain sizes between 0.125 and 0.250 mm. The sorbent reactivity tests were performed on a laboratory test stand. The reactivity index and the conversion degree were also determined. SO2 sorption studies were conducted in an industrial boiler. The desulphurization efficiency was determined taking into the account the content of calcium and sulphur put in to and taken out of the boiler. The relation of the desulphurization process parameters such as fuel sulphur content, stream sorbent, sorbent utilization degree, desulphurization efficiency, depending on the molar ratio Ca/S and the duration of the process was specified. The SO2 sorption results were compared with the reactivity index of the sorbents. The investigation in dry combustion-gas desulphurization methods showed the high quality of the sorbents whose reactivity index is above 3.5. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved


In recent years it has become clear that the deflection and manipulation of asteroids is far from being pure science fiction, and instead is becoming more of a necessity. Recent events have shown that an impact from an asteroid is a high risk event, though its probability is low. This talk will introduce some basic techniques to estimate the miss distance achievable with either impulsive or low-thrust deflection methods. It will then present the mechanics of some deflection methods and their potential effectiveness at avoiding a catastrophic impact with an asteroid.


Flower buds of 20 Prunus species showed quite different strategies to cope with low temperatures. Buds of most species deep supercooled. The two hardiest species, both from the subgenus Padus (P. padus L. and P. virginiana L.), did not supercool and survived -33C with no bud kill. Prunus serotina J.F. Ehrh., also in Padus, did supercool. Prunus nigra Ait., P. americana Marsh, P. fruticosa Pall., and P. besseyi L.H. Bailey had a low minimum hardiness level (MHL), small buds, and a low water content. Exotherms were no longer detectable from the buds of these species after 2 days at -7C and some buds survived -33C. Prunus triloba Lindl. and P. japonica Thunb. were similar to that group, but no buds survived -33C. Prunus davidiana (Carriere) Franch., P. avium L., and P. domestica L. had a relatively high MHL but hardened rapidly when the buds were frozen. Prunus persica (L.) Batsch., P. subhirtella Miq., P. dulcis (Mill) D. A. Webb, and P. emarginata (Dougl. ex Hook) Walp. deep supercooled, had large flower buds and a high MHL, and were killed in the Dec. 1990 freeze. Prunus salicina Lindl., P. hortulana L.H. Bailey, P. armeniaca L., and P. tomentosa Thunb. were in an intermediate group with a moderately low MHL and a moderate rate of hardiness increase while frozen. Prunus dulcis and P. davidiana had a low chilling requirement and bloomed early, whereas P. virginiana, P. fruticosa, P. nigra, and P. domestica had high chilling requirements and bloomed late. search and Extension Center (IAREC), Prosser, Wash., orchards. The objective of this study was to identify the freezing characteris- tics of the selected Prunus species to be used in future studies to improve bud hardiness of commercial Prunus cultivars.


Samples of polymethylmethacrylate have been irradiated with laser pulses of 266 nm wavelength along with the wavelengths generated via hydrogen‐shifted stimulated Raman scattering. A quadrupole mass spectrometer monitors in real time the photoablation products produced during the irradiation. At wavelengths of 266 nm and above, the products are dominated by monomer, CO2, and CO. At wavelengths below 266 nm, a dramatic change of ablation products is observed, with methyl formate appearing as a major photochemical product.


Part 1 Planning a new facility: preliminary planning considerations blueprint for a library design selecting and training the staff planning the move reviewing the collection calculating collection size making an inventory of other items to be moved preparing the site for the move using an online database for moving a journal collection - a case study organizing move day opening the new facility. Part 2 Alternatives to a new library facility: in house shifting shelving options storage options collection management and document delivery services looking to the future.


The spleen is one of the most commonly injured abdominal organs in blunt trauma patients. The mechanisms of injury are similar to those seen with liver injuries: motor vehicle collisions, automobile-pedestrian collisions, falls, and any type of penetrating injury. Stab wounds to the abdomen are less likely to cause spleen injury compared with liver injury due to the spleen's protected location. Stab wounds to the spleen typically result in direct linear tears, whereas gunshot wounds result in significant cavitary injuries. This review covers injuries to the spleen and injuries to the diaphragm. Figures show findings on imaging that may be associated with failure of nonoperative management for splenic injuries, intraparenchymal splenic blush noted on an initial computed tomographic scan, the first step in mobilizing the spleen by making an incision in the peritoneum and the endoabdominal fascia, beginning at the inferior pole and continuing posteriorly and superiorly, splenorrhaphy performed using interrupted mattress sutures through pledgets along the raw edge of the spleen, left diaphragm ruptures evident with the gastric bubble located in the left hemithorax, whereas right-sided ruptures present with the appearance of an elevated hemidiaphragm, and the use of Allis clamps to approximate the diaphragmatic edges, with the defect closed with a running No. 1 polypropylene suture. The table lists American Association for the Surgery of Trauma organ injury scales for diaphragm and spleen.
This review contains 6 figures, 1 table, and 55 references
Keywords: spleen, injury grading, angioembolization, splenorrhaphy, splenic salvage


The utility model discloses a multifunctional wheel chair vehicle which comprises a wheel chair frame. The utility model is characterized in that the utility model also comprises spandrel girders arranged on the two sides of the wheel chair frame, a seat frame which can rotate upwards and be locked, a back support frame, a pillow frame, a leg support frame and a pedal frame, wherein the above frames are respectively corresponding to the feet, the legs, the buttocks, the waist and the head of a human body, the utility model can be rotated and locked to achieve different angles to satisfy the needs of various postures such as sitting and lying. The wheel chair vehicle perfectly combines a wheel chair with a nursing bed, and thereby the utility model has the characteristics that the utility model is simple in structure, light and smart. The utility model can be used for sitting, standing, leaning, lying and bending, legs and waists can be bent, feet can be raised and heads can loll, the utility model can also be used for dining, playing, washing heads and bathing and visiting friends, can be arranged in terraces and parlors and can be moved to roads and parks, which satisfy the physical and psychological needs of users. With the utility model, nursing work is more scientific, convenient and comfortable, and thereby the utility model is of more hommization. The utility model is suitable for special groups such as patients and people of limb deformity and palsy.


Energy conservation is one method from the government to improve the use of energy in Indonesia. High frequency inverter design which is used as an induction heating device appropriate conservation measures. This design is chosen because it can be applied to any process that requires heating by using a material with high conductivity. In this study, the heater is used to liquefy lignite. Induction heating requires high-frequency inverter module. Using the AC voltage single phase rectified to a bridge rectifier, inverter will convert AC voltage into DC voltage, 12V – 22V, which electrical quantities with a frequency can be set. Voltage is derived using a step-down transformer that is used little power. Once out of the step-down transformer is passed a winding inducer which induce object to be heated. The measurement results show inverter module that is made has a frequency of 40 kHz and can generate heat the sample up to 401 degrees Celsius within 5 minutes with the inverter efficiency of 82.8%.


Home, M. , J. Frid, B. Lastow, G. Bmce and A. Svensson. 2003. 'Hesitation disfluencies in Swedish: prosodic and segmental correlates'. Proceedings ICPhS 15,2429-32. Barcelona. Levelt, W. 1989. Speaking: from attention to articulation. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Miller, G. 1956. 'The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information'. Psychological review 63, 8197. Nakajima, S. & J. Allen. 1993. 'A study on prosody and discourse stmcture in cooperative dialogues'. Phonetica 50,197-210. Nordling, J. 1998. 'Reparationeri spontanttal'. Kandidat ('B.A.') term paper. Dept. of Linguistics, Lund University. Shriberg, E. 1994. Preliminaries to a theory of speech disfluencies. Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Berkeley. Swerts, M . , A. Wichmann & R.-J. Beun. 1996. 'Filled pauses as markers of discourse stmcture'. Proceedings of the International congress on spoken language processing (ICSLP), 1033-36. Philadelphia.


Previous study uses six bank companies which are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange as the object and using ROE in calculating profitability. The researcher suggests to using a variable other than ROE to calculate profitability, increasing the number of samples and using other sector such as infrastructure, utility and transportation sector as the object. Hence, this study aims to prove the effect of profitability and dividend policy on firm value in the infrastructure, utility and transportation sector. The data were obtained from the financial statements of company listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange. Firm value as a dependent variable were measured by price to book value, profitability and dividend policy as independent variable were measured by return on assets and dividend payout ratio. They were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression with classical assumption test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program. The results indicated that profitability and dividend policy can affect firm value simultaneously, profitability has no effect on firm value while dividend policy can positively affect firm value.


A novel, double-printed microstrip Yagi antenna array has been proposed for multi-sector mm-wave applications around 30 GHz. The design incorporates a printed feeding structure that simplifies the fabrication process, while maintaining a low cost and a low profile. This design can be extended to incorporate H-plane feeding and possibly circular polarization to further increase the maximum data rate. This design approach can be integrated with 3D modules that consist of embedded passives, filters, and MMIC to realize a wireless system-on-package (SOP) RF front end device for very broadband applications around or above 60 GHz.


The authors present a series of benchmark measurements of the ionization balance of well characterized gold plasmas with and without external radiation fields at electron densities near 10{sup 21} cm{sup -3} and various electron temperatures spanning the range 0.8 to 2.4 keV. They have analyzed time- and space-resolved M-shell gold emission spectra using a sophisticated collisional-radiative model with hybrid level structure, finding average ion changes ranging from 42 to 50. At the lower temperatures, the spectra exhibit significant sensitivity to external radiation fields and include emission features from complex N-shell ions not previously studied at these densities. The measured spectra and inferred provide a stringent test for non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) models of complex high-Z ions.


Research Highlights: This is the first approach that integrates biodiversity data into Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystem and their Services (MAES) implementation and natural capital accounting process, at the national scale, using an extensive vascular plant dataset for Greece. Background and Objectives: The study aims to support the MAES implementation in Greece, by assessing, as a pilot, the woodland and forest ecosystem type; the targets of the study are: (a) Identify and map ecosystem type extent; (b) identify ecosystem condition using biodiversity in terms of plant species richness (i.e., total, ecosystem exclusive, endemic, ecosystem exclusive endemic diversity); (c) develop ecosystem asset proxy indicators by combining ecosystem extent and ecosystem condition outcomes; (d) identify shortcomings; and (e) propose future steps and implications for the MAES implementation and natural capital accounting, based on biodiversity data. Materials and Methods: Following the national European Union's and United Nations System of Environmental Economic Accounts-Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EEA) guidelines and the adopted National Set of MAES Indicators, we developed a set of four proxy ecosystem asset indicators to assess ecosystem types with respect to ecosystem area extent and ecosystem condition. This was as interpreted by its plant diversity in terms of species richness (total, ecosystem exclusive, endemic, and ecosystem exclusive endemic diversity). Results: The results revealed that when indicators use well-developed biodiversity datasets, in combination with ecosystem extent data, they can provide the baseline for ecosystem condition assessment, ecosystem asset delineation, and support operational MAES studies. Conclusions: The relation among biodiversity, ecosystem condition, and ecosystem services is not a linear equation and detailed, fine-scale assessments are needed to identify and interpret all aspects of biodiversity. However, areas of importance are pinpointed throughout Greece, and guidance is provided for case-study selection, conservation strategy, and decision-making under the perspective of national and EU environmental policies.


– The paper presents the theoretical foundations od the LEAN metodology and some od the basic LEAN tools. A special emphasis is placed on the application of certain LEAN tool - Heijunka, in concrete example of leveling the machining process