Much has been written in the higher education administration literature about measuring the research, teaching, and service outcomes of faculty members (Braskamp and Ory 1994; Dilts, Haber, and Bialik 1994; Lewis 1996; Centra 1993). How each of many multiple outcomes enters salary determination equations is also well studied, with even similar departments of economics apparently adopting different fixed-weight formulae for assigning a salary index and/or changes to a salary index for multiple research, teaching, and service outcomes (Ragan, Warren and Bratsberg 1999).1 But the methods for allocating salary raises to individuals on the basis of an aggregate merit score, when faced with the constraint of a fixed amount of money for raises, receive little attention. For example, the authors of the four works on higher education administration previously mentioned addressed the measurement of faculty output, the weighting of output, and the assigning of merit points, but they did not address the algebra for converting merit points to salary raises given a fixed-budget constraint.2 A single formula for merit-raise salary schemes based on either a fixed cash amount, a percentage of base salary, or any combination of the two is provided here. What is unique about this formula is that it makes explicit how merit scores, together with prior salaries and the pot of money available for raises, determine individual salaries. There are no arbitrary thresholds or untraceable relationships between merit scores and the pot of money available for merit raises.


Platelet activation is involved in serious pathological situations, including atherosclerosis and restenosis. It is important to find efficient antiplatelet medicines to prevent fatal thrombous formation during the course of these diseases.


Cardiovascular morbidity remains the leading cause of death in the world, in both men and women. But the programs for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which significantly reduced the incidence of cardiovascular complications among men, proved to be ineffective among the female population. Differences in CVD risk factors in different sexes, different responses of the female and male organism to the same treatment effects induce, on the one hand, the development of gender-oriented cardiological practices and, on the other hand, determine the need to include gynecologists in the development and implementation of cardiovascular reduction measures vascular morbidity and mortality.


Using paramagnetically-shifted 1H NMR spectroscopy of the dicyano-iron(III) complexes at 600 MHz as the principal tool, the identification of etiohaem III in Colorado coal is confirmed (1.63 µg g–1), and deuteroetiohaem IX (0.52 µg g–1) is identified for the first time, by comparison with samples made by total synthesis.


Background: Mesothelin is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface protein of widely unknown function that may play a role in tumor growth control. Because mesothelin is overexpressed in a variety of human cancer types including ovarian cancers, it represents an attractive target for novel therapies employing adaptive T-cell transfer in these tumors. However, tumor heterogeneity is a challenge for targeted therapies.
 Methods: To study the extent of heterogeneity of mesothelin overexpression in primary ovarian cancers and their peritoneal and lymph node metastases, a tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed from multiple sites of 220 ovarian cancers and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. One tissue core each was taken from up to 18 different tumor blocks per cancer, resulting in a total of 2,460 tissue spots from 423 tumor sites (188 primary cancers, 162 peritoneal carcinosis and 73 lymph node metastases).
 Results: Positive mesothelin expression was found in 2,041 of the 2,342 (87%) arrayed tissue spots and in 372 of the 392 (95%) tumor sites that were interpretable for mesothelin immunohistochemistry. Intratumoral heterogeneity was found in 23% of 168 primary cancer sites interpretable for mesothelin and decreased to 12% in 154 peritoneal carcinosis and to 6% in 71 lymph node metastases (p<0.0001). Heterogeneity between the primary tumor and matched peritoneal carcinosis was found in 16% of 102 cancers with interpretable mesothelin results. In these cancers, the mesothelin status switched from positive in the primary tumor to negative in the peritoneal carcinosis (3 cancers) in or vice versa (2 cancers), or a mixture of positive and negative peritoneal carcinoses was found (11 cancers). No such switch was seen between the mesothelin-interpretable primary tumors and their nodal metastases of 59 cancers, and only one mesothelin-positive tumor had a mixture of positive and negative lymph node metastases.
 Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that mesothelin expression is frequent and highly homogeneous in ovarian cancer and prompt for future anti-mesothelin therapy studies in this tumor type.
 Citation Format: Sören Weidemann, Natalia Gorbokon, Maximilian Lennartz, Claudia Hube-Magg, Christoph Fraune, Christian Bernreuther, Till Clauditz, Frank Jacobsen, Kristina Jansen, Barbara Schmalfeldt, Linn Wölber, Peter Paluchowski, Enikö Berkes, Uwe Heilenkötter, Guido Sauter, Ria Uhlig, Waldemar Wilczak, Stefan Steurer, Ronald Simon, Till Krech, Andreas Marx, Eike Burandt. High homogeneity of mesothelin expressionin primary and metastatic ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3303.


This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 PL License (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/), which permits redistribution, commercial and non commercial, provided that the article is properly cited. © The Author(s) 2016. Publisher: Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences [Wydawca: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk] DOI: 10.11649/sfps. 2016.012


Immature embryo derived callus cultures of barley were selected in vitro against a toxin (culture filtrate-methanol supernatant) produced by Drechslera teres. Both S1 and S2 progenies of regenerated plants (selected by toxin application and non-selected ones) were tested for their toxin tolerance and disease resistance. For this purpose, it was possible to use different culture filtrates and pathogen isolates, produced and maintained at two phytopathological institutes. Twelve out of 26 S2 progenies examined had a significantly reduced toxin sensitivity in comparison to the donor. Nine of these genotypes also expressed an isolate-dependent improvement of their disease resistance. At the level of individual plants, 9 progenies showed a correlation between toxm tolerance and resistance against the pathogen. Somaclonal variation in reactions of non-selected regenerated plants occurred. A mutagen treatment increased the number of toxin tolerant plants within s, progenies, and segregation took place for this trait.


The monitoring work and related observations were conducted in the north slope of the permanent shiplock of the Three Gorges Project by sliding deformeter. The interpretation of the observed data indicates that: (1) the rock mass in the slope deformed mainly in a shallow belt underneath the excavation surface, termed as disturbed zone. (2) the deformation of the rock mass in disturbed zones was mainly composed of "opening displacement"of primary structure planes. constituting 66.7% of the total accumulative deformation on average, (3) the magnitude of deformation is closely related to the excavation intensity. (4) the slope is stable in the monitoring region based on the analysis of deformation trend.


In this study, a mechanism that realizes a novel structural form of the harmonic reducer is introduced. Conventional robots often use various mechanical reducers owing to low torque and high-speed characteristics of electric motors. Among them, harmonic reducers are frequently used because of their compact size and backlash-free precision. The plate harmonic reducer which uses the same topological geometry and reducing mechanism as the conventional harmonic reducer is a novel type of strain gear that changes its shape to a plate form for axial deformation. It has unique differences in terms of axial thickness, torsional stiffness, and efficiency due to its morphological characteristics. This study introduces and analyzes the reducing principle of the plate harmonic reducer and describes the methodological solutions for realization. Finally, the theoretical performance improvement and operating feasibility of the plate harmonic reducer are analyzed using finite element method and a 3D-printed prototype model.


The description of nominal scale for the specialist on the document provision of administration is presented. The structural model of the training results is generated. The mathematical model of the document specialist and that of a student and his competence on the basis of the instruments of set theory and graph theory are invented. For making competent model of subject area it is offered to use Konig's graph, the tops of which represent competences while the sides represent their connection. To describe Konig's graph it is offered to use matrix of incidence and adjacency. The notion of the parameter of coherence of knowledge or skills competences and the parameter of coherence of activity competence necessary to generate training route are introduced.


The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of brassinosteroid application on the sex determination and floral growth of pomegranate flowers. Whole tress of Punica granatum 'Mayhoş-8' were sprayed with 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg L−1 28-homobrassinolide (Hbr) at bud break. The selection of flowers was based on the appearance of a visible pistil/stigma and shape of the ovary of intact flowers. Grouping of bisexual flowers was based on their flower position, i.e., single, terminal, and lateral flowers, during the first flush of flowering in mid-June. Approximately 20 days and 40 days after spraying, 100 randomly chosen bisexual flowers per collection time were collected and measurements of floral parts were immediately taken. The differences between bisexual and functional male flowers were not distinct enough to assert any significant effects from the different Hbr treatments. Irrespective of treatments, the percentage of male flowers was higher than that of bisexual flowers. Hbr treatments applied at the bud break period had significant effects only on bisexual flowers that developed as single flowers. Applying 0.01 mg L−1 Hbr produced comparably lower percentages of single bisexual flowers (53.4%). Although the 0.1 and 0.001 mg L−1 Hbr treatments resulted in increased percentages of bisexual flowers, the difference was not significant. For the first collection time (mid-June), the effects of Hbr concentration on the size of the floral parts for bisexual flowers were only significant in ovary width and stigma diameter. As the concentration decreased, smaller ovaries were obtained. During the second flowering, application of 0.01 mg L−1 Hbr considerably increased the overall sizes of floral parts in bisexual flowers. Hbr might affect the ratio of flower formation in certain positions on a branch and could influence the growth of floral parts in bisexual flowers. Further elucidation of these effects would help to better understand floral organ development in plants.


Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory condition of the skin and muscles, and an underlying malignancy is noted in 10% or more of cases. Clinical features of dermatomyositis include increasing general fatigue and proximal (thighs and shoulders) muscle weakness accompanied by erythematous lesions of the skin. There have been several distinct types of dermatomyositis described. Here we describe a case of vesiculo-bullous dermatomyositis, which is a rare variant of dermatomyositis. A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a painful erythematous vesicular eruption of the face, trunk and extremities. In addition, edema of the face and fever were observed. Clinically, dermatomyositis was considered because of typical skin rashes (Gottron's papules, periorbital heliotrope rash and poikiloderma) and serum creatine phosphokinase level of 1,031 IU/L. A skin biopsy was performed. Microscopically, subepidermal vesiculation with marked edema was present. Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration was also observed in the upper dermis. So far only a few case reports of vesiculo-bullous dermatomyositis have been reported in the literature. It should be kept in mind that dermatomyositis may present subepidermal vesiculation in order to avoid a misdiagnosis and unnecessary delayed treatment. Furthermore, an internal malignancy should be considered in such a variant of dermatomyositis.


Automated facial expression analysis is an active research area for human-computer interaction as it enables computers to understand and interact with humans in more natural ways. In this work, a novel local descriptor is proposed for facial expression analysis in a video sequence. The proposed descriptor is based on histograms of local phase and local orientation of gradients obtained from a sequence of face images to describe the spatial and temporal information of the face images. The descriptor is able to effectively represent the temporal local information and its spatial locations which are important cues for facial expression recognition. This is further extended to multi-scale to achieve better performance in natural settings where the image resolution varies. The experimental results conducted on the Cohn-Kanade (CK+) database to detect six basic emotions achieved an accuracy of 94.58%. For the AVEC 2011 video-subchallenge, the detection of four emotion dimensions obtained comparable accuracy with the highest reported average accuracy in the test evaluation.The advantages of our method include local feature extraction incorporating temporal domain, high accuracy and robustness to illumination changes. Thus the proposed descriptor is suited for continuous facial expression analysis in the area of human-computer interaction.


In this paper we discuss the Flow Shop scheduling problem F3|s|C max with set_up time separated. For a special case, an optimal algorithm is given.


Calculated transition wavelengths, oscillator strengths, and collisional-radiative line intensities are presented for the 11 tungsten (Z = 74) ions from Co-like W{sup 47+} to Rb-like W{sup 37+}. Fully relativistic, ab initio calculations have been carried out for the ion structure in each case, and a detailed collisional-radiative model has been constructed. Electric and magnetic dipole and quadrupole (E1, M1, E2, and M2) transitions are considered, and references are given to continuing experiments where the present tungsten emission features may be observed. These studies are of interest to the fusion community.


Multifilament sutures are prepared by permeating the suture with an antimicrobial solution and applying an antimicrobial coating to the suture.


The static tester has simultaneous output of multiple voltage and current sources, and supports multiple communication interfaces such as GPS (Global Positioning System),the functional characteristics of the statility test device determine its high demands for power supply noise and radiation. Aiming at the specific requirements for power supply system in the main functional modules of statility test device, the operating principle of switching power supply is analyzed, the generation and transmission mode of power supply noise are studied. Under the condition of ensuring the analog output accuracy and communication statility of the test device, the noise of the switch and the rectifier circuit is reduced, and the influence of the distributed capacitance is minimized to achieve the purpose of suppressing the noise of the switching power supply.


Economic depression that aggravated in the last decades, led to many banking frauds, attrition and retention disability all over the world. Accordingly, in order to overcome such banking crises, banks policy had been fixated and giving the importance to risk management. To achieve such risk management goals, banks tend to excavate tones of restored transactions in repositories and discover hidden information that affects the decision-making process. Bankers aim to automate the decision-making process to aid and minimize the management risk and enrich bank revenues. This paper presents data preprocessing and feature selection phases entailed in the knowledge discovery process in banking data bases in order to spot the light on the most effective features, which affect the decision making process. In the data preprocessing phase the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm have been implemented to measure the distance between objects' vectors. The feature selection process has been implemented using Microsoft SQL server analysis services. The results show that the features are reduced from 47 attributes into 17 significant attributes.


This article looks briefly at the theological history and contemporary issues surrounding children regarding sexuality and gender and explores what the future of feminist theologies has to offer them as autonomous subjects. Within this I suggest that the cross pollination of ideas from art, quantum theology and the new cosmology can enrich the future of feminist theologies by opening up the theological debate to new ways of thinking, doing and living more justly. The inclusion of children's embodied lives in the bigger theological cosmological picture allows us to engage with their subjectivity; it also challenges existing patriarchal values that dominate and affect the future flourishing of our radical human equality, the equality of all life and the planet Earth itself.


Plasmonic vesicles combine the advantages of polymersomes and physiochemical properties of inorganic nanoparticles, exhibiting promising applications in theranostic nanovectors. However, although many of these plasmonic vesicles have been engineered as photothermal therapy (PTT) agents and drug carriers, they undergo structural destruction due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Notably, the disassembly of plasmonic vesicles leads to the burst release of encapsulated payloads and drastically decrease therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we report the fabrication of plasmonic vesicles that can be tracelessly cross-linked under 410 nm blue light irradiation, which can effectively avoid being disassembled when localized heat generation under light irradiation (e.g., 560 nm). Amphiphilic hybrid gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and hydrophobic poly(2-((((2-nitrobenzyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)ethyl methacrylate) (PNBOC) blocks were synthesized via ligan...


This study analyzes the spatial equity of provision of public libraries targeted on Seoul city as well as the locational efficiency and superiority. This study utilizes microscopic exploration techniques in order to compensate the defects left by preceding studies and to maximize the usability of the study results. According to results, public libraries in seoul covers 51.4% of the whole area and 70.4% of the overall population in the city in 2010. It is interesting that there is a deviation among sub-regions. They are 21 sub-regions including Gangnam, Gwanak and Songpa where relatively large number of the regions with location superiority are identified. This study explores microscopically spaces to help evaluate the spatial equity and efficiency of public libraries and as it provides timely proper study results. Conclusionally, this study is expected to provide some profound knowledge and information that can contribute to the policies concerning the provision of public libraries.


In 1970 and 1973, 13 insecticides were assessed for control of larvae of Agrotis orthogonia Morrison in winter wheat in western Kansas. All significantly reduced populations below the untreated check. The following were as effective as the endrin standard: Cyolane®, cyclic ethylene P, P-diethyl phosphonodithioimidocarbonate; Cytrolane®, cyclic propylene P, P-diethyl phosphonodithioimidocarbonate; Monitor®, O, S-dimethyl phosphoroamidothioate; monocrotophos; chlorpyrifos; and acephate. Generally, grain yields were increased but not significantly so.


This paper describes research to determine the pressure and temperature region in which multiple phases are generated for selected reservoir oils displaced by CO/sub 2/. The major purposes of this study were to determine whether single-contact PVT conditions and multiplecontact flow generated multiple phases over equivalent pressures and temperatures, and to determine whether multiple-phase generation would affect mobility. Multiple phases were generated for two reservoir oils of similar composition above the CO/sub 2/ minimum miscibility pressures (MMP's) for temperatures between 307.5 and 322 K. For a limited temperature range, the pressures over which these multiple phases were observed agreed fairly well with those determined in single-contact PVT cell studies. However, multiple phases were also seen at higher temperatures in the multiple-contact displacements. Pressure-drop data as a function of CO/sub 2/ injection volume were obtained for displacements within the multiple-phase region and for displacements conducted at pressures above the multiple-phase region. Comparison of these data indicates that multiple-phase generation reduces mobility within the flow system used. Mobility reduction would be beneficial during application of CO/sub 2/ flooding on a reservoir scale.


【Objective】 In this paper,the effects of different irrigation rates on growth and development,fruit quality and water use efficiency of muskmelon were studied,which would contribute to provide a theoretical basis for establishing and improving the irrigation scheduling of muskmelon in non-cultivated land.【Method】 In this study,muskmelon Yipin Tianxia No.208 variety was chosen as the experiment material.With adopting the trough sand cultivation and drip-irrigated patterns,we used three treatments W1,W2 and W3 by different irrigation frequencies.The irrigation amount of W1(each time in the vegetative growth stage was 2.28 kg per strain and in the reproductive growth stage 5.56 kg per strain) was divided into two or three equal pieces which were supplied to W2 or W3 respectively in each irrigation cycle.After this,we researched the influence of different irrigation frequencies on muskmelon growth and development,yield,quality and water use efficiency.【Result】 Experimental results showed that there was no significant difference among these treatments in muskmelon plant height,leaf area,fruit weight,fruit type index,pulp thickness,yield and water use efficiency.The root dry matter,root-top ratio and transpiration efficiency of W3 were remarkable better than W1.However,the stem diameter and the chlorophyll content of W3 and W2 were all significantly better than those of W1.Besides,compared with the normal treatment,the content of free amino acid,total soluble sugar and solids of high and middle irrigation frequency increased by 27.31% and 35.58,40.57% and 12.51%,16.18% and 8.49%,separately.The dry weight of fruit under high and middle frequency was enhanced by 7.50% and 4.68% than normal treatment.【Conclusion】 Under the same irrigation quota conditions,the growth and development and fruit quality of muskmelon can be improved by increasing the irrigation rate.


The article is a product of the research project "Visions from various theoretical and practical lectures at local and regional levels around the theme of the territory, systematizing experiences in socio-spatial relations as a whole nature-society". We review in this case, the tension between public and private planning and management in a territory of the municipalities that has experienced the process of urban expansion in the metropolitan area of the Aburra valley, as in Sabaneta, Antioquia (Col.). In this context of the particular characteristics in use of and occupation, the changes physical, economic became evident as they create a new relationship of citizens with their surroundings.


A mathematical analysis is developed in this paper to estimate the value of short-circuit currents in HVdc links. The study allows to calculate the evolution of the fault currents, their maximum values and the time they are reached. Thus, it can help to select adequate protection systems for HVdc grids. The mathematical study is verified by means of PSCAD simulations where the theoretical and simulated results are compared for a point-to-point link interconnecting two HVdc links. Next the study is extended to HVdc links where one converter station is connected to a wind power plant and the influence of the wind farm control is analyzed. The results show a good agreement between the estimated and the simulated fault currents.


The authors describe a 27-year-old man with signs of acute ethylene glycol intoxication, including coma, absent pupillary reflexes, hypotonia, and hyporeflexia, plus laboratory evidence of a high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis, an osmolal gap, calcium oxalate monohydrate crystalluria, and elevated serum ethylene glycol levels. He failed to respond to sodium bicarbonate and ethanol therapy and died immediately before hemodialysis. The diagnosis, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of acute ethylene glycol intoxication are reviewed.


Distributed collaborative optimization is the effective implementation of optimization tasks through cooperation and collaboration of multiple agents. The theory and application of distributed collaborative optimization is one of the important development directions in Control Science and Engineering. In recent years, with the development of emerging technologies such as cloud computing, big data, mobile internet, and artificial intelligence, distributed collaborative optimization has been facing new challenges and opportunities. This paper reviews and summarizes some hot research directions of distributed collaborative optimization in recent years, including distributed accelerated optimization algorithms, distributed non-convex optimization algorithms, and distributed gradient-free optimization algorithms. Moreover, guided by three practical applications of intelligent manufacturing, Energy Internet and distributed machine learning, key future research directions of distributed collaborative optimization are prospected.


Taking the shallow covered slope multi-arch tunnel in weak surrounding rock as an example,the author establishes the numerical model according to the cracking of the tunnel secondary lining excavation in the tunnel,analyzes the effect of the grouting reinforcement of the surrounding rock under the existing geological conditions and the construction condition,which provides the reference for the treatment of the similar tunnel disease.


Spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of iron by flow injection analysis was investigated. Iron (II) forms a water-soluble chelate with 2-nitroso-5-(N-ethyl-N-sulfopropyl-amino)phenol (nitroso-ESAP). Carrier solution (2.0 × 10-4 M ascorbic acid in buffer solution, pH 7) and reagent solution (1.5 × 10-4 M nitroso-ESAP in buffer solution, pH 7) were propelled by double plunger pump (flow rate, P1 : 1.4 ml/min, P2 : 1.2 ml/min), and a sample solution (150 μl) was injected into a carrier stream via a loopvalve sample injector. The carrier stream met a reagent stream and flowed together into a reaction coil (0.5 mm i.d. × 10 m). The absorbance was measured at 752 nm. Calcium (II), cadmium(II), magnesium(II), aluminium (III), zinc(II), mercury(II), silver(I), lead(II), and nickel(II) did not interfere with determination of iron. Chromium(III) and copper(II) gave an interference, but the interference of copper was depressed by addition of ammonium buffer solution in reagent solution. Sampling rate was 20 samples per h. The relative standard deviation was about 0.5 %. The flow injection system could be applied to the determination of total iron in water and serum samples.


(57) Abstract: The present invention waxes, relates lipstick composition containing emollients and gelling agents, the hold of the emollient oil easily, especially at high humidity and a temperature-containing gelling agent in which case to. Lipsticks of the present invention, by using the association structure, containing a moisturizer, which is delivered to lipsticks in a non-polar / lipophilic medium in a thermodynamically stable way. Method of manufacturing lipsticks are also disclosed.


OBJECTIVE
To estimate the coverage level of case reporting for coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) and the incidence of CWP in China according to the data from CWP reporting database in China as well as the data on annual raw coal output, coal workers, etc. from relevant year books, and to provide scientific data for CWP control measures.

METHODS
The data on the numbers of coal workers and annual raw coal outputs of national top 100 enterprises in coal sector (Top 100 in coal sector) were acquired from China Coal Industry Yearbook; the annual per capita output of raw coal in each enterprise was calculated. The numbers of coal workers in the enterprises other than the Top 100 were estimated based on the annual per capita output of raw coal in the Top 100 and the annual raw coal outputs of the enterprises other than the Top 100. The numbers of coal workers in the enterprises that reported CWP cases were estimated based on the distribution of these enterprises in China, and the coverage rates of case reporting in the Top 100 and other enterprises were calculated accordingly. The total number of CWP cases and the number of CWP cases due to per million tons of raw coal output were estimated according to the coverage rates of case reporting and the total numbers of reported CWP cases in China.

RESULTS
The mean coverage rates of case reporting in the Top 100 and other enterprises were 55.34% and 5.18%, respectively. The estimated mean numbers of new CWP cases in the Top 100 and other enterprises were 3088 and 98205, respectively; the estimated total number of new CWP cases nationwide was 101293. The estimated mean numbers of new CWP cases due to per million tons of raw coal output were 2.05 in the Top 100 and 7341 in other enterprises. The number of reported CWP cases accounted for 6.7% of the estimated number of CWP cases (6796/101293).

CONCLUSION
It is urgent to enhance occupational disease control in coal sector, and the estimation results for CWP should be spread and applied. The system of occupational disease control should be further improved.


We study spectral and steady-state properties of generic Markovian dissipative systems described by quadratic fermionic Liouvillian operators of the Lindblad form. The Hamiltonian dynamics is modeled by a generic random quadratic operator, i.e., as a featureless superconductor of class D, whereas the Markovian dissipation is described by MM random linear jump operators. By varying the dissipation strength and the ratio of dissipative channels per fermion, m=M/(2N_F)m=M/(2NF), we find two distinct phases where the support of the single-particle spectrum has one or two connected components. In the strongly dissipative regime, this transition occurs for m=1/2m=1/2 and is concomitant with a qualitative change in both the steady-state and the spectral gap that rules the large-time dynamics. Above this threshold, the spectral gap and the steady-state purity qualitatively agree with the fully generic (i.e., non-quadratic) case studied recently. Below m=1/2m=1/2, the spectral gap closes in the thermodynamic limit and the steady-state decouples into an ergodic and a nonergodic sector yielding a non-monotonic steady-state purity as a function of the dissipation strength. Our results show that some of the universal features previously observed for fully random Liouvillians are generic for a sufficiently large number of jump operators. On the other hand, if the number of dissipation channels is decreased the system can exhibit nonergodic features, rendering it possible to suppress dissipation in protected subspaces even in the presence of strong system-environment coupling.


With the establishment of the system of management accounting report,management accounting will turn from the management based on accounting to the accounting based on management(ZHANG Xian-zhi,2009).This paper studied the requirement of accounting relevance to the management accounting report,and defined the connotation of management accounting report.It reviewed and summarized the current researches of management accounting report.Through the review of existing achievements and the concern about research deficiency,this paper suggested a prospect of future research.


Objective:To detect the expression and relationship of p16, p15 and pRb in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), and to explore their roles in the development and advance of SCC. Methods:The expression of p16, p15 and pRb in 48 SCC and 10 normal skin specimens were detected by S-P immunohistochemical staining. Results:Loss expressions p16, p15, and pRb were seen in 16(33.3%); 7(14.6%) and 8(16.7%) cases of 48 cutaneous SCC, respectively; whereas positive expression of them were observed in all normal epidermises; Loss expressions of p16 and p15 were significantly higher in grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ SCC than those in Ⅰ-Ⅱ SCC (P0.05); But expression of pRb had no marked difference in various differentiated SCC. Conclusion:The abnormal expressions of p16, p15 and/or pRb may be related to the development and advance of cutaneous SCC.


A RAPID-PROTOTYPING PROCESS IMPROVES INVESTMENT CASTING TECHNOLOGY BY EFFECTIVELY POSITIONING COOLING CHANNELS IN TOOLING BENEFITS • Saves approximately 125,500 kWh of electricity per year per tool designed with conformal (conforms to the part geometry) cooling; such a tool might produce cast aluminum suspension components and process about 30 tons of aluminum each year; at 50 percent market penetration, savings equal 937 million kWh or 9.6 trillion Btu per year • Increases casting process efficiency up to 50 percent by faster cycling times, improved quality, and lower scrap rates • Potential for significant energy savings through reduced materials consumption in tool production • Decreases scrap and rework in tool use • Reduces industry die investment due to superior quality and cooling • Improves die life • Produces higher-quality tooling more quickly and less expensively • Reduces cycle time, leading to increased productivity and decreased market prices for the end user • Return on investment within 3 years


Abstract Robert Bielecki. Voice and Case in Finnish in the Light of Zabrocki's Theory of Person. Lingua Posnaniensis, vol. L IV (1)/2012. The Poznań Society for the A dvancement of the Arts and Sciences. PL ISSN 0079-4740, ISBN 978-83-7654-103-7, pp. 21-34. This paper attempts to demonstrate the properties of the categories of voice and case in Finnish in the light of Zabrocki's theory of Person. The presented morphosyntactic, syntactic and semantic properties of words taking part in diathesis lead us to formulate sentences (theorems) belonging to the sphere of the postulated grammar of person of this language. In Finnish, particular personal meanings undergo both lexicalization (in the form of appropriate personal pronouns) and grammaticalization (in the form of personal endings). Moreover the Finnish language seems to operate with a collective personal meaning, where three particular communicative statuses do not undergo differentiation. This kind of personal meaning seems to be only grammaticalized in Finnish; it lacks a pronoun lexifying such a collective personal meaning. Because of the high degree of syncretism of the nominative and (endingless) accusative on the one hand and the passive and impersonal voice on the other, Finnish contains significant overlapping between passive structures - where the three personal meanings undergo specification - and impersonal structures - where the three personal meanings undergo unification. Notwithstanding, only in sentences of the type Kana on tapettu 'One has killed the hen', 'The hen has been killed' (and with smaller probability Kana tapetaan 'One kills (will kill) the hen', ('The hen is (will be) killed')) do we encounter total ambiguity in respect of the personal meaning semified by the predicate (the collective person vs. third person).


In the urban habitacionais areas the population needs areas with which they can be identified, of free spaces that reflect the identity of its inhabitants. Thus, the square is had as public good of the cities, opened to all and endowed with functions, that supply the physical and mental necessities of its inhabitants. This work had as objective to present the diverse joined uses and the way as the users if they appropriate of the squares in the Mocambinho quarter located in the zone north of the city of Teresina, its Inter-relations in the context where they are inserted.


Distributed and multi-point fiber-optic based measurements of cryogenic temperature down to 30 K are presented. Measurements have been performed along the cryostat of a superconducting power transmission line, which is currently being tested at CERN over a length of about 20 m. Multi-point measurements were based on two kinds of FBG with different coatings (epoxy and PMMA). In addition, distributed measurements exploited optical frequency-domain reflectometry to analyze the Rayleigh scattering along two concatenated fibers with different coatings (acrylate and polyimmide). Results confirm the viability of these approaches to monitor cryogenic temperatures along a superconducting transmission line.


State's support would be more efficient if businessmen were induced to get involved in such a business, which does not create the external negative costs. Aim of the article – to evaluate state's support for organic farming and to propose the possibilities of improvement of organic farming inducement. Object of the article – state's support for the farmers' farms. Methods used: analysis of scientific literature, method of descriptive statistics analysis. In the article it was ascertained that organic farming without a support would be lossmaking and only due to the support the profit is obtained. After the evaluation of the fact, that organic farms obtain significantly higher profit including also manufacture subsidies from a hectare, than ordinary farms, it may be claimed that the subsidies for the organic farming might be reduced, meanwhile focusing more on the other economic lever – taxes. The other aspect is that the market itself would give the higher price for the organic production if ecological certificates were far more acknowledged by the society.


One lesson from the financial crisis is that the over-innovation and abuse of derivatives may cause systemic risks. The US, EU and other major international organizations have been issuing reform proposals on their financial supervision systems, in order to avoid a new crisis and regain market confidence. This paper summarizes new movements of derivatives supervision in the international OTC market, and offers some policy suggestions for financial supervision of China's OTC derivatives.


The four texts of this section are all taken from Meschonnic's magnum opus Critique du rythme. Anthropologie historique du langage (Lagrasse: Verdier, 1982) in which he presented for the first time his overarching theory in a more systematic manner. The monograph lays out the main elements of his universe of thought, always with a clear focus on the key term of rhythm, which functions as the operator of subjectivity and historicity. Meschonnic positions himself against structuralism and as a critique of his time. The texts clarify Meschonnic's understanding of the term 'critique' and what is a stake in his theory of rhythm. They exemplify his critique of metrics and of what he calls the thinking of the sign.


Riparian zone,an ecotone between land and river,is an important component of a river.It is also very significant to human's production and livelihood.Based on a variety of domestic and foreign evaluation systems and combined with the water characteristics and field instigation of the Andamu River,16 indicators are selected for the naturalness evaluation index system that matches both in structure and functions by using the methods of hierarchical analysis and vague integrated appraisal.Under the comprehensive consideration of the geological features and community characteristics of a balanced riparian ecosystem,the near-natural levels of a riparian zone can be classified into four grades:natural state,near-natural state,degrading state,and degraded state.The evaluation results of the Andamu River by using the naturalness evaluation index system match the actual conditions.The naturalness evaluation index system may be applied as a suitable evaluation system for the riparian zones in Beijing sunburn.


The Carrell-Chapuy recurrence formulas dramatically improve the efficiency of counting orientable rooted maps by genus, either by number of edges alone or by number of edges and vertices. This paper presents an implementation of these formulas with three applications: the computation of an explicit rational expression for the ordinary generating functions of rooted map numbers with a given positive genus, the construction of large tables of rooted map numbers, and the use of these tables, together with the method of A. Mednykh and R. Nedela, to count unrooted maps by genus and number of edges and vertices.


Following your need to always fulfil the inspiration to obtain everybody is now simple. Connecting to the internet is one of the short cuts to do. There are so many sources that offer and connect us to other world condition. As one of the products to see in internet, this website becomes a very available place to look for countless patients potions and physicians a social history of medicine in ireland sources. Yeah, sources about the books from countries in the world are provided.


This paper aimed at describing the Pro-Health activities that made possible curriculum changes in the dentistry course of UFPI. In 2007, the activities started as foreseen in the project contemplated by the Pro-Health I Announcement, launched in 2005 according to the three guiding axes of the program: Theoretical Guidelines, Practice Scenery and Pedagogical Guideline. In 2007, the new curriculum was implanted following the national curriculum guidelines published in 2002 and the first class graduated in August 2011. The main change of the new curriculum was the insertion of the students in the Unique Health System (SUS) from the fourth semester on when the SUS reality and practice are objects of the teaching program. In the next semesters, the academic students started experiencing the routine of the health staffs and to participle effectively of the system. From this report, the conclusion drawn is that, in five years, the Pro-Health Program in the Dentistry Course of UFPI contributed effectively for the insertion of the dentistry academic student of UFPI in the SUS by experiencing the reality of the service, learning the needs of the local population and achieving the desired profile of a surgeondentist, as per the national curriculum guidelines.


The fundamental aim of the research was to deepen knowledge of the influence of developing the wording of job offers on the number of candidates responding to them. It stems from the overarching aim consisting in improving human resource management (HRM) by knowledge management (KM) related to the job market and job seekers' reactions to information concerning competence requirements published in job offers. The specific objective was to answer two questions: are there words in job offers that increase the number of job seekers, and whether this number is dependent on the length of the wording of the selected module of an offer. Particular attention was paid to positive words. It was checked whether their number in relation to the number of all words in an offer matters. In order to answer the research questions, text processing methods such as tokenization and lemmatization were first used, followed by the analysis by means of such statistical methods as the chi-square test (χ^2) and the Mann-Whitney U test. The obtained research results allowed to illustrate job seekers' preferences. It was noted that the length of an offer is also important. However, it was not possible to confirm the assumption that positive words increase the attractiveness of an offer. Despite the limitations of a little diversified database (candidates were dominated by young people with little work experience), the research brought new value to competence and human resource management. The research resulted in extending the scope of knowledge on the use of the analysis of job offers in the area of effective communication with candidates for work in organizations.


The present invention relates to a process for the torrefaction of ligneous material of vegetable origin wherein, continuously and in a unique sealed vessel: the material is dried in a first oven (2) in the presence of vapor in order to remove the water and the acetic acid, up to a temperature of 180 DEG C approximately, and in a second oven (3), the temperature is raised up to 280 DEG C in order to torrefy the material in a water vapor-laden atmosphere; the water being taken from the vapor issued from the drying step.


The history of journalism is a field of contacts and loans. For this reason, research in journalism has and brings a broad and complex agenda, including: the process of news production, its language construction through different forms, structures and tenses. The methodology, epistemology and qualitative research in journalism; the history of journalists and journalism; i.e., the multiple relationships between journalism and culture, memory, social theories and discourse; fields that have been studied and researched in Latin America. But the question on our professional Ethos is what remains the transverse axis of the research, not only in the American continent, but in the world. It is fundamental to our existence and to the depth analysis of this set of features and modes, behaviors, that make up the character and identity of our profession.


A function f , analytic in the unit disk E and given by , f ( z ) = z + ∑ k = 2 ∞ a n z k is said to be
in the family K n if and only if D n f is close-to-convex, where D n f = z ( 1 − z ) n + 1 ∗ f , n ∈ N 0 = { 0 , 1 , 2 , … }
and ∗ denotes the Hadamard product or convolution. The classes K n are investigated and some
properties are given. It is shown that K n + 1 ⫅ K n and K n consists entirely of univalent functions.
Some closure properties of integral operators defined on K n are given.


Abstract Results of an online survey distributed to faculty, PhD students, and researchers throughout Finland in 2016 show that library resources, journal articles, and books are important parts of scholars' research and work life. The survey was disseminated through FinELib to heads of libraries, who were then asked to distribute it to their academic staff, researchers, and PhD students. The purpose of this study was to examine the value of readings obtained from library collections. To help answer this question, participants were asked about the amount and value of their reading and where they obtained readings, which allowed comparison of how the value of the library collection differs from other sources. The study found that researchers use many ways to identify and obtain articles, and the library collection is identified as one important source. Scholars use the library's collection mostly to obtain articles for research and those articles help to inspire new ideas. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of access to scholarly publications for scholars, from the library and elsewhere, such as open access sites and research sharing platforms.


In this paper we study a near-continuum dark matter model, in which dark sector consists of a tower of closely spaced states with weak-scale masses. We construct a five-dimensional model which naturally realizes this spectrum. The dark matter is described by a bulk field, which interacts with the brane-localized Standard Model sector via a Z portal. We then study collider signatures of this model. Near-continuum dark matter states produced in a collider undergo cascade decays, resulting in events with high multiplicity of jets and leptons, large missing energy, and displaced vertices. A custom-built Monte Carlo tool described in this paper allows for detailed simulation of the signal events. We present results of such simulations for the case of electron-positron collisions.


The present investigation was carried out in the ongoing long term fertilizer experiment at Department of soil science, CSKHPKV Palampur. The influence of thirty six years of cropping with different chemical fertilizers and amendments on the contents on the yield and uptake of macronutrients i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was investigated in an Acid Alfisol. Continuous combined use of chemical fertilizers and FYM and manual weeding in 100% NPK treated plots resulted in significant increase in the yield of wheat compared to rest of the treatments. The highest productivity was recorded where FYM and lime was added in combination. Continuous application of chemical fertilizers either alone or in combination with FYM or lime influenced significantly the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The accumulation of macronutrients was found highest in those treatments where FYM and lime was added in combination.


The purpose of this study is to examine understanding of sport management undergraduate students of the sport industry, particularly professional sport in the U.S. In order to examine it, the authors asked 14 open-ended questions assessing their views on the four different aspects (i.e., sport sponsorship, technology and social media in sport, sport brand, future directions and anticipation) of the U.S. professional sport. We collected data (N=116) from three different sport management programs located in three different States. Results of the current study showed that students anticipated the future of professional sport optimistically although they recognized several threating factors such as economy, safety issues, and ethical issues of management. Students generally believed that the future of the sport sponsorship market will be growing. The authors believe that our students' understanding of the value, importance, and role of sponsorship could be positive contributions to the sport industry. Most of the students were active on social media, including Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Tumblr. It is likely that they consume and use sport contents through their preferred device and applications. Regarding perceptions on sport brand, the results could be interpreted that students were limited to certain categories in the sport industry. Sport management students are expected to have a good knowledge of the sport industry and its environment and culture. In conclusion, sport management educators are highly encouraged to help them have adequate knowledge, skills, and understanding on professional sport and the sport industry by education and appropriate training programs.


A joint theoretical/experimental research program on hydraulic fracturing is being conducted. Newly developed two-dimensional numerical models (which include complete descriptions of the elastic continuum and porous flow fields) have been applied to analyze the effects of pore pressure on the fracturing process. By means of small-scale experiments, a better understanding is being acquired of the effects of the in situ stress field, the porosity and permeability of the solid, and the presence of interfaces or layering in the solid. The growth of cracks near an interface in several materials, including polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), Nugget sandstone, and Indiana limestone were studied. Results have shown that the mechanical properties of the interface relative to the properties of the materials on either side are important. A crack will not cross a well-bonded interface between two pieces of PMMA, even in the presence of a 2000 psi normal load. Cracks will cross a well-bonded interface from PMMA to limestone, but not vice versa. Similarly, cracks will propagate across a bonded interface from Nugget sandstone to limestone, but not the other way. Pressure-driven cracks will cross an unbonded interface between limestone blocks at normal loads as low as 3.45 MPa (500 psi). The fluid pressure atmore » which a crack initiates in limestone also determines whether a crack crosses an unbonded interface under a given load.« less


One of the most important complications in assisted reproductive technology (ART) is multiple pregnancy, which is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. There have been several attempts to achieve the highest pregnancy rates while minimizing multiple pregnancy rates in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). One approach for this purpose is extended embryo culture and transfer of fewer (one or two) blastocysts. However, there are emerging concerns about the increase of the risk for embryo splitting and subsequent monozygotic multiple pregnancy with this approach. Recently, there have been several reports on the possible increased risk of monozygotic twinning after extended embryo culture and blastocyst transfer. We have experienced a case of two sets of monozygotic twins after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and transfer of two blastocysts. We report the first case of pregnancy of monozygotic twins after blastocysts transfer with a brief review of literature in Korea.


The general goal of this study was to improve our knowledge of the reactions and chemical transformations of poultry manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soils in order to better utilize the nutrient value of this important resource for crop production. All the laboratory work has been completed, but data management continues at this time to complete statistical analysis and summarize and publish the results. Therefore, this report summarizes work done and the results available at this time. Strongly supported conclusions are not possible at this time because several statistical and data analyses have not been completed. Disciplines Agricultural Science | Agriculture | Agronomy and Crop Sciences This report is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/agron_reports/2 Report to the Iowa Egg Council Study of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Transformations from Poultry Manure and Fertilizer Using Soil Incubation and Soil Testing: A Complement to Ongoing Field Demonstrations Prepared by Antonio P. Mallarino, John E. Sawyer, Dan E. Kaiser, and Dorivar Ruiz-Diaz June 30, 2007 Introduction and Review of Research Objectives The general goal of this study was to improve our knowledge of the reactions and chemical transformations of poultry manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soils in order to better utilize the nutrient value of this important resource for crop production. All the laboratory work has been completed, but data management continues at this time to complete statistical analysis and summarize and publish the results. Therefore, this report summarizes work done and the results available at this time. Strongly supported conclusions are not possible at this time because several statistical and data analyses have not been completed. The work was conducted to achieve the specific objectives established in the proposal. We conducted two separate incubation experiments, each using appropriate methods to assess the availability of N and P in poultry manure. Incubation studies are valuable for measuring the transformations of N and P in poultry manure because they can be conducted under wellcontrolled conditions, allow for measurements that would be impractical in the field, and minimize variability due to application and sampling error. The N study focused on measuring the production of inorganic N (crop available N) from application of manure to soil and on determine mineralization of organic N forms contained in manure. The P study focused on measuring the effect of manure P application on plant-available P as measured by various soil test methods. The results of these incubation experiments provide information regarding the potential release of N and P from poultry manure, using and generating information that can supplement field trial research. Summary of Procedures Two typical Iowa soils testing low in P were used for the experiments. One was Clarion and the other Canisteo. Summarized soil-test information is shown in Tables 1 through 3. The soils were air-dried and sieved through a 2 mm sieve prior to the addition of the treatment materials. Two manure sources were used. Turkey litter was collected from commercial turkey buildings and egg layers manure was collected from a caged egg-cracking facility. The turkey litter was a mix of feces and small grain hulls used for bedding while egg-layers manure consisted mainly of feces with some egg shells. The manure chemical analyses are summarized in Table 4. Eleven treatments used across both experiments (11) are listed in Table 5. A low and high rate of each manure type was used based on total manure N to represent the rates recommended for one-half and full N needs for corn grown after soybean, and were 75 and 150 lb total-N/acre in a field application. In addition to the manure, the treatments included urea (a common N fertilizer), uric acid (the main organic N form in excreted poultry manure), and calcium phosphate (of the type in triple superphosphate). The application rates of urea and uric acid were similar to the total N applied with the manure. Because N-based application of manure resulted in different amounts of P applied for the turkey and egg-layers manures, two separate sets of egg-layers manure rates were used: one to match the turkey litter-N rates applied and the other to match the turkey litter-P rates applied. The inorganic P rates were based upon P applied by the turkey litter-N rates. The materials were thoroughly mixed with 1 kg (on a dry weight basis) of each soil using appropriate weights according to the treatments. One hundred grams of the mixtures (or soil alone for the control treatment) were packed into 5-oz plastic cups with lids. The lids had three holes to allow for air circulation. Enough cups were used to be able to include three replications and six sampling dates at 0, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84 and 112 days of incubation (the sampled cups were discarded). The cups were placed in an incubation chamber at 86°F constant temperature and 100% relative humidity. Distilled water was added to achieve 80% of soil water holding capacity and the soil moisture was monitored every 5 days based upon average weight loss, and water was added as needed to maintain the 80% water holding capacity. At each sampling date, the corresponding cups were removed, the material was thoroughly mixed, and one-half of the material was stored frozen and the rest was oven-dried. The sample treatment and analyses were different for N and P measurements and are not summarized. The samples suitable for the N study were analyzed for inorganic ammonium (NH4) N (ammonium) and nitrate (NO3) N. Ammonium-N and nitrate-N derived from the sources applied were determined by subtracting ammoniumN and nitrate-N concentration measured in the control treatment. The amount of net N mineralized from the organic-N in manure was determined by subtracting the initial mineral-N from that derived at each sampling date. The P of samples suitable for the P study were analyzed by three agronomic soil tests (Bray-P1, Mehlich-3, and Olsen), one environmental test (a test that estimates water-extractable P), total P, and by a standard P fractionation procedure. The fractionation procedure (based on the Headley method) classifies soil P into specific pools by using various sequential extracting solutions. These pools were water-extractable P, weak alkaline-soluble inorganic P (Bicarb-Pi) and organic P (Bicarb-Po), alkaline-soluble inorganic P (NaOH-Pi) and organic P (NaOH-Po), weak acidsoluble P (DilutedHCl-P), strong acid-soluble inorganic P (Conc.HCl-Pi) and organic P (Conc.HCl-Po), and recalcitrant residual P (Res-P). Water-extractable P represents the pool of P most easily dissolved and removed. Alkaline-soluble P forms include P held in organic and inorganic pools, with the sodium-bicarbonate fraction being more easily removed than the sodium-hydroxide fraction. The P extracted by weak hydrochloric acid is in calcium-bound forms and is almost entirely an inorganic form. The P extracted with concentrated sulfuric acid includes P more strongly bound P in acid-soluble organic materials, highly resistant calcium phosphates, and others mineral P. Residual P includes forms mainly in primary minerals extremely resistant to weathering. Results for the Nitrogen Study Highlights of Results. Results available at this time are for the Clarion soil. The initial measured ammonium-N (as percent of applied total N) at application (day zero) was significantly lower than the total N applied for all treatments (Fig. 1). This would be due to N forms present that are not measured as ammonium-N or nitrate-N; for example urea, uric acid, proteins, and amino acids. Urea showed the highest initial ammonium-N, suggesting a relatively rapid hydrolysis and conversion to ammonium-N. Layer manure had slightly higher initial ammonium-N than turkey litter, and uric acid had the lowest initial level. At 7 days after application, the ammonium-N with uric acid increased while the other sources had a rapid decrease. This indicates that the uric acid had a slower initial conversion to ammonium-N. At 14 days the ammonium-N was low for all treatments, and by 28 days was at background levels. Nitrate-N accumulation was rapid and had an inverse relationship to the ammonium-N disappearance. This would be expected as nitrification of the ammonium-N was taking place. The soils were incubated at a warm temperature; so rapid nitrification would be expected. Nitrate-N accumulation was significantly greater for urea and uric acid (Fig. 1) than either manure source. Except for uric acid, the accumulated concentration of nitrate-N was less than the intended N application rate. Soil treated with layer and turkey litter accumulated nitrate-N at approximately 70% of the total-N applied. Net inorganic-N mineralized from the poultry manure sources was rapid, with most inorganic N released within 28 days (Fig. 2, high application rate). The presence of a slow release pool of N in layer manure was not evident as the disappearance of ammonium-N and accumulation of nitrate-N was initially similar to urea and uric acid and there was no continued accumulation of nitrate-N after 28 days (Figs. 1 and 2). Any difference in N mineralization between the manure sources would be due to different levels of readily mineralizable organic N in the egg-layers manure (most likely uric acid). Results for the Phosphorus Study


In recent years,lettered-words have been widely used in contemporary Chinese media and publications,even in people's daily communications,which draws great attention of some Chinese linguists.They have carried out studies on it.Some point out that lettered-words are a new form of loan words,while others argue that the wide use of lettered-words will affect the purity of Chinese language.This paper intends to make a review of studies on lettered-words in contemporary Chinese so far.Although there are disputes over the use of lettered-words,the generally accepted idea is that the use of it should be normalized on the premises of the recognition of lettered-words in contemporary Chinese.


Enteric‐coated capsules containing peppermint oil were compared with placebo in a double‐blind crossover trial involving 25 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, carefully selected for the predominance of colonic symptoms. Patients were randomly allocated to receive active drug or placebo, three capsules per day, for 4 weeks and then changed to the alternative medication for a further 4 weeks. Symptom scores were assessed by the patient using visual analogue scales. While on peppermint oil, there was a small but statistically significant increase in stool frequency but no significant change in scores for global severity or scores for the specific symptoms of pain, bloating, urgent defecation and the sensation of incomplete evacuation. Seven patients failed to complete the study, three because of perianal burning associated with peppermint oil. Enteric‐coated capsules containing peppermint oil are unhelpful in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome and prominent colonic symptoms.


This paper is devoted to the international political and economic aspects of global migration. Contemporary international migration seems as a natural effect of the free trade policy. Being under the influence of the macroeconomic foundations, international migration couldn't be explained only in terms of economic reasons. The regulation of the global migration is the question of both economic and politics at the same time. Obstacles to the formation of an international regime on migration looks in a clash of international actors interests, security problems, human rights, collective identity, based values of democracy and nation-state, which actually do political issues. The research presents a critical review of the main approaches existing in modern theories of international relations and international political economy in their relation to international migration.


Within the studies on Advanced Man-Machine Interfaces and Crew Support (AMMI & CS), being part of the Crew Workstation Testbed activities at ESTEC, a Dutch consortium is preparing the implementation of the User Support Organisation (USO) concept in a ground-based mission simulation, planned for May 1994. The objective of the implementation study is to demonstrate and validate the USO concept mainly concerning payload development operational support tasks/and organisation. The flight element is the Columbus Attached Pressurized Module (APM) mock-up at ESTEC. The ground-based support facilities are located at the Dutch Utilisation Centre (DUC/NLR, Noordoostpolder). DUC will function as the Facility Responsible Centre, which task includes specification, acceptance and operation of a class 1 Biology Facility comprising two class 2 facilities: a High Performance Capillary Electrophoresis instrument and a Glovebox. This paper discusses the scope of the project, which covers all the items needed for a real-flight situation.


The Treaty of Lisbon (TL) altered the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) not only in its institutional structure, but also in its function and decision making processes. These changes affected the competences of member states, other authorities, and their relationships. They also influenced the prospects for intergovernmental cooperation and the evolutionary development of communitisation phenomena within this policy.


Based on the analyses of the traditional Web spiders searching mechanics, this paper combines the Boltzmann action-selection policy with Web spider's searching strategy. Then a heuristic Web spiders searching algorithm based on Boltzmann action-selection policy is proposed. validateing our new algorithm by experiments of searching computer-relevant papers on the Web sites of four famous computer departments. The results show that the new algorithm has better performance.


Triple-GEM detectors were selected by the CMS Collaboration for instrumenting the high η region of the muon system. This region is characterized by a huge radiation background, mainly composed by neutrons and photons. In this context, a discharge probability test was performed in 2017 at the CHARM facility at CERN, in order to qualify the operation of the detector in an environment similar to the one of the CMS muon system. A Geant4 simulation was developed in parallel to the actual test, in order to evaluate the behaviour of the detector. This paper will present this simulation, from the detector geometry implementation to the results obtained in terms of sensitivity and energy deposited into the gas gaps. Presented at CHEP 2018 Computing in High-Energy Physics 2018 Background sensitivity studies for GEM based detectors using a Geant4 simulation Ilaria Vai1,2,∗ on behalf of the CMS Muon Group 1Università degli Studi di Pavia, Dipartimento di Fisica 2Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia Abstract. Triple-GEM detectors were selected by the CMS Collaboration for instrumenting the high η region of the muon system. This region is characterized by a huge radiation background, mainly composed by neutrons and photons. In this context, a discharge probability test was performed in 2017 at the CHARM facility at CERN, in order to qualify the operation of the detector in an environment similar to the one of the CMS muon system. A Geant4 simulation was developed in parallel to the actual test, in order to evaluate the behaviour of the detector. This paper will present this simulation, from the detector geometry implementation to the results obtained in terms of sensitivity and energy deposited into the gas gaps. Triple-GEM detectors were selected by the CMS Collaboration for instrumenting the high η region of the muon system. This region is characterized by a huge radiation background, mainly composed by neutrons and photons. In this context, a discharge probability test was performed in 2017 at the CHARM facility at CERN, in order to qualify the operation of the detector in an environment similar to the one of the CMS muon system. A Geant4 simulation was developed in parallel to the actual test, in order to evaluate the behaviour of the detector. This paper will present this simulation, from the detector geometry implementation to the results obtained in terms of sensitivity and energy deposited into the gas gaps.


ABSTRACT Amino acid analysis or metabonomics requires large-scale sample collection, which makes sample storage a critical consideration. However, functional amino acids are often neglected in metabolite stability studies because of the difficulty in detecting and accurately quantifying them with most analysis methods. Here, we investigated the stability of amino acids and related amines in human serum following different preprocessing and pre-storage procedures. Serum samples were collected and subjected to three storage conditions; cold storage (4°C), room temperature storage (22°C), and freezing (−80°C). The concentration of amino acids and related amines were quantified using iTRAQ®-LC-MS/MS with isobaric tagging reagents. Approximately 54.84%, 58.06%, and 48.39% of detectable and target analytes were altered at the 4°C condition, 22°C condition, and when subjected to freeze-thaw cycles, respectively. Some amino acids which are unstable and relatively stable were found. Our study provides detailed amino acid profiles in human serum and suggests pre-treatment measures that could be taken to improve stability. Summary: We investigated the stability of amino acids in serum samples that underwent prolonged storage at 4°C and 22°C, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles at −80°C using stable isotope iTRAQ labeling and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.


Simple Summary With the increasing rates of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis, patients are being diagnosed with less tumor burden and low biomarker levels. Assessing HCC prognosis in these patients is challenging as most prognosis strategies are based on elevated tumor burden and biomarkers. In this study we focus on albumin levels prior to HCC treatment based on the established roles of albumin in HCC incidence and overall survival outcomes. The role of albumin as a risk factor for HCC progression was investigated with the goal of demonstrating that albumin could identify optimal candidates for treatment in early-stage HCC. These results may also impact the field by identifying patients with advancing cirrhotic disease who require more aggressive approaches to HCC treatment. Abstract Due to active hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance, many patients are diagnosed with early-stage disease and are usually amendable to curative treatments. These patients lack poor prognostic factors associated with Milan Criteria and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) biomarker levels. There are currently limited strategies to assess prognosis in the patients who remain at risk of post-treatment HCC progression. In a cohort of liver transplant (LT) candidates with HCC, this study seeks to identify factors prior to liver-directed therapy (LDT) associated with time to progression (TTP). This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from LT candidates with recently diagnosed HCC and receiving LDT as a bridge to LT at three interventional oncology programs within a single system (n = 373). Demographics, clinical hepatology and serology, and factors related to HCC burden were extracted and analyzed for associations with TTP risk. Albumin level below the cohort median (3.4 g/dL) emerged as an independent risk factor for TTP controlling for AFP > 20 ng/mL as well as Milan, T-stage, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage individually. In modality-specific subgroup survival analysis, albumin-based TTP stratification was restricted to patients receiving first cycle microwave ablation (p = 0.007). In n = 162 patients matching all low-risk criteria for Milan, T-stage, BCLC stage, and AFP, the effect of albumin < 3.4 g/dL remained significant for TTP (p = 0.004) with 2-year TTP rates of 68% (<3.4 g/dL) compared to 95% (≥3.4 g/dL). In optimal bridge to LT candidates with small HCC and low AFP biomarker levels, albumin level at treatment baseline provides an HCC-independent positive prognostic factor for risk of HCC progression prior to LT.


Ziemann Volker -Economist, Public Economic Division, OECD, 2, rue Andre Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France; E-mail: email@example.com study assesses the linkages between structural policies and macroeconomic stability using a panel of OECD countries. Business cycle and time-series characteristics of GDP and its components are employed to define various measures for economic instability and for the persistence of adverse shocks. The notion of macroeconomic stability is assessed through two statistical exercises. First, time-series statistics and characteristics of growth distributions across the OECD are explored. Second, resilience and persistence patterns following macroeconomic shocks are investigated building on business cycle features.Besides disentangling positive and negative shocks and providing a broader definition of macroeconomic stability, the present empirical setup demonstrates that the interaction between policies and outcomes is lagged rather than instantaneous. Policy settings are related to macroeconomic stability over the subsequent 5-year period.The findings suggest that some growth-enhancing policies such as lowering employment protection also reduce macroeconomic fluctuations, while others (such as the design of a counter-cyclical tax system) may generate trade-offs between growth and stability. A pro-cyclical tax structure seems to help alleviating the persistence of adverse macroeconomic shocks.


Reduction of the extent of peat deposits and their water retention capacity in the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin and Bieszczady Mts. due to human activity. A b s t r a c t. The paper deals with the problem of anthropogenic changes in the extent of peat deposits, their volume and water retention capacity of raised and valley peat bogs in the Polish part of the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin and the Bieszczady Mts. This problem has not received a great deal of attention in the research literature. Special attention was paid to the remnants of peat domes and post-peat areas. The decrease in the area of peat bogs, the volume of peat deposit and the quantity of water retained within them were estimated for the last ca. 400 years. This paper is based on an analysis of maps produced over the last 230 years as well as aerial photographs. Field data and laboratory data were also analyzed as part of this research.


The present interactive multimedia courseware is predominantely monolingual. On the other hand, economy, society and education are global and multilingual. Therefore, it seems reasonable to expect that multilingualism should bring benefits to the education process. This paper defines the aspects of multilingual interactive multimedia courseware composition and advocates for the support of multilingualism in the learning process. Example user interface evaluation of the monolingual courseware proposed by Reeves and Harmon and their potential use in the multilingual courseware evaluation are also given.


Diabetes mellitus is now the most common cause of end‐stage renal failure. In this study, the effects of Hachimi‐jio‐gan on diabetic kidney damage in spontaneously diabetic WBN/Kob rats were examined. Oral administration of Hachimi‐jio‐gan to WBN/Kob rats for 25 weeks significantly suppressed urinary protein excretion. It did not affect body weight loss or blood glucose levels, whereas it reversed the increase in kidney weight of WBN/Kob rats. Hachimi‐jio‐gan also reduced fibronectin and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) protein expression in the renal cortex. Furthermore, renal lipid peroxidation levels of WBN/Kob rats given Hachimi‐jio‐gan were significantly lower than those of untreated controls. Renal superoxide dismutase activity was elevated by Hachimi‐jio‐gan treatment in a dose‐dependent manner. These results suggested that Hachimi‐jio‐gan could prevent diabetic kidney damage by reducing renal oxidative injury and expression of fibronectin and TGF‐β1 proteins, which are all involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy.


Abstract Objective: It is agreed that the cochlear microphonic (CM) arises mainly from the normal outer hair cells (OHCs) in cochlea. The aim of this research is to study the CM characteristics in different hearing profiles and reflect the usefulness of recording CM simultaneously during Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) threshold testing in children. Methods: This is a retrospective study that included 33 cases comprised of children with autism spectral disorders (ASD), children with cochlear sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) and 41 normal hearing healthy children as controls. The children's ages ranged from 0.5 to 96 months. Both the CM and ABR waves were simultaneously recorded using alternating split polarity ABR. Results: CM amplitudes and thresholds in normal hearing children with ASD did not significantly differ from normal hearing healthy children. CM were preserved in children with ANSD despite the absence of distortion product OAE responses, but in a significantly lower amplitude than those with DPOAE. There was no statistically significant correlation between the children's ages and CM amplitude at any intensity level and in any of the different child groups, except in the controls where there was a statistically significant negative correlation between the children's ages and CM amplitude at 70dBnHL, while there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the children's ages and CM threshold. There were no differences in the CM amplitude between the two ears at any intensity level in all of the different groups of children. Conclusion: Children with ASD showed comparable outer hair cell function to normal hearing healthy children, reflecting absence of any peripheral hyperacusis due to loudness recruitment. CM should always be searched for when testing young children when there is absence of ABR response with absence or presence of otoacoustic emissions, to avoid any false negative results for ANSD. CM can be preserved in children with SNHL with loudness recruitment. This finding could be confused with ANSD, so CM should be traced down to its threshold for an appropriate diagnosis.


Understanding how and why online professional knowledge sharing communities develop issues with gender inclusion is essential to building safe and respectful environments. Trans and nonbinary gender identities are under constant threat and scrutiny, and trans people frequently face harms in online environments. Through digital ethnography, I explore how an international online programming community, Stack Exchange, responded to the challenges of implementing trans and nonbinary inclusive language policies. I discuss the rhetorical strategies and silencing tactics deployed by the community in response to policy changes. The analysis draws on Dotson's concept of testimonial smothering to argue that epistemic violence prevents dialogue about the importance of respecting preferred pronouns. The paper concludes with reflections on the implementation of pronoun policies in international communities.


This article is concerned with the accountability of the civil advocate for results obtained for a client. It distinguishes the criminal trial by arguing that for effective implementation the adversary system, as it is commonly understood, requires that the professional advocates be equally competent and equally adversary and that because it does not meet these criteria, the criminal trial cannot be looked to as a model either of the adversary system or of the behavior of advocates in the civil trial. Rules of behavior for the civil litigator should be drawn with the primary objective of ascertaining truth. Moreover, the civil litigator cannot claim immunity from moral accountability by reference to the lawyer's role; he or she is personally accountable for an immoral result obtained for a client. Seeking to avoid this accountability all lawyers might reject an immoral but lawful cause, so that persons with such causes would be deprived of professional representation. The conflict between the lawyer's personal morality and the social value of professional assistance is resolved by reference to a formula for assigning counsel similar to those in Mathews v. Eldridge and Lassiter v. Department of Social Services. The author analyzes the moral dilemma of a lawyer who is so assigned and proposes a solution.


This experiment was to determine dynamic changes in hormone content and sucrose content in sugarcane through selecting three sugarcane(Saccharum officinarum L.)varieties of'Co331','Guitang11'and 'Yuetang93/159'in ripening period.The results indicated that during 0-40 d in ripening early period,the content of IAA,ABA and ZT of three sugarcane varieties dropped,and at this time,GA3 content went up to the highest amount and sucrose content went up gradually;during 40-80 d in ripening later period,sucrose content of different varieties went up continuously and the content of IAA,ABA and ZT went up gently,but GA3 content dropped rapidly.


Soybean is the main crop in Uruguayan agricultural systems. Integrated crop management practices are critical to increase productivity while reducing climatic vulnerability in soils with restricted water holding capacity. The objective was to evaluate the impact of contrasting crop management practices and water regimes on crop yield potential. We conducted a three year (2012-2013, 2013-2014 and 2014-2015) field scale study on an Abruptic Argiaquoll at INIA Treinta y Tres, Uruguay. In each season, two experiments were set under contrasting water regimes: rainfed (RF) and supplementary irrigation (SI). Each experiment evaluated 4 Maturity Groups (MG): 5.0, 5.5, 6.1 and 6.8; and 4 Plant Populations (PP): 15, 25, 35 and 45 plants m-2. A RCB split plot design was used and analyzed using mixed models. The greatest productivity was obtained in 2012-2013 (4030 kg ha-1), 22% higher than the average of other seasons. No water regime effect on yield was observed in the first two seasons. In 2012-2013, no yield differences were observed between MG. However, 15 plants m-2 had 4.4% lower yield than other PP (4067 kg ha-1). In 2013-2014 no productivity differences were observed between PP, but MG 5.5 had 11 % higher yield than other MG (3271 kg ha-1). In 2014-2015, SI yield (3760 kg ha-1) was 1020 kg ha-1 higher than RF. SI received 105 mm of supplementary irrigation. In RF, 5.0 MG had a trend of higher yield (16%) compared to other MG (2608 kg ha-1) and 45 plants m-2 decreased yield by 6% compared to other PP (2754 kg ha-1). In SI, the greatest yield was obtained with MG 5.0 (3941 kg ha-1). The aggregate of data suggests that yield potential without water restrictions was 4000 kg ha-1 for most MG, with higher yields in high PP. However, under water limiting conditions in reproductive stages, high populations decreased yield. Water productivity reached 10 kg grain mm-1 applied, reflecting the positive impact of supplementary irrigation.


This study applied automatic classification using table of contents (TOC) text for 6,253 social science books from a newly arrived list collected by a university library. The k-nearest neighbors (kNN) algorithm was used as a classifier, and the ten divisions on the second level of the DDC's main class 300 given to books by the library were used as classes (labels). The features used in this study were keywords extracted from titles and TOCs of the books. The TOCs were obtained through the OpenAPI from an Internet bookstore. As a result, it was found that the TOC features were good for improving both classification recall and precision. The TOC was shown to reduce the overfitting problem of imbalanced data with its rich features. Law and education have high topic specificity in the field of social sciences, so the only title features can bring good classification performance in these fields. 키워드: 목차, kNN 분류기, 도서 범주화, DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification) Table of contents, kNN classifier, book categorization, DDC (Dewey Decimal Classification) *계명대학교 문헌정보학과 부교수(email@example.com) ■ ■ 논문접수일자:2020년 2월 27일 ■최초심사일자:2020년 3월 8일 ■게재확정일자:2020년 3월 24일 정보관리학회지, 37(1), 1-21, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3743/KOSIM.2020.37.1.001 ※ Copyright © 2020 Korean Society for Information Management This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the article is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. 2 정보관리학회지 제37권 제1호 2020


In spring 2021, four unusual encounters with a group of false killer whales were recorded in Kvarner Bay, Northern Adriatic Sea. A minimum of five individuals, including a calf, were observed and two photos were taken corroborating species identification. These are the first reported sightings of the species in the Adriatic Sea since the mid-twentieth century. In addition, another encounter was revealed that occurred at the end of the 2000s in the same location and should be added to the list of historic observations. These reports were obtained by chance and show the importance of citizen science in obtaining data on rare marine species. The information gathered goes towards a better understanding of the distribution of the species in the Mediterranean Sea.


Abundant literature has suggested that teacher collegiality is the basis of good teamwork and high professionalism in schools. This study analyzed the impact of teachers' collegiality on their organizational and professional commitment in public secondary schools in Islamabad, Pakistan. The study also examined the differences of teacher collegiality, organizational commitment, and professional commitment in high-achieving and low-achieving schools. The effects of teacher personal variables (e.g. gender, educational level, and professional experience) on teacher collegiality, organizational commitment, and professional commitment were also investigated.
A teacher collegiality scale (TCS) was developed and tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic techniques. The final Teacher Collegiality Scale (TCS) comprised seven dimensions, namely (1) Demonstrating Mutual Support and Trust, (2) Observing One Another Teaching, (3) Joint Planning and Assessment, (4) Sharing Ideas and Expertise, (5) Teaching Each Other, (6) Developing Curriculum Together, and (7) Sharing Resources. The instruments of organizational commitment and professional commitment were adapted from Meyer, Allen, and Smith (1993).
The survey instrument, comprising the TCS and Commitment Scale was distributed to a sample of 364 public secondary school teachers in eight high-achieving and nine low-achieving schools located in Islamabad. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 16.0 was used to assess the impact of teacher collegiality on teachers' organizational and professional commitment. Latent Mean Structure Analysis was used to determine the differences in teacher collegiality, organizational commitment, and professional commitment between high-achieving and low-achieving school teachers. The effects of demographic variables on study main variables were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA).
The analysis confirmed that teacher collegiality positively impacted organizational commitment and professional commitment among secondary school teachers in Pakistan. Multi-group SEM analysis did not support for the moderating effects of school type based on achievement. The differences in teacher collegiality and professional commitment were found to be statistically non-significant between high-achieving and low-achieving school teachers. However, organizational commitment among high-achieving school teachers was significantly higher than low-achieving school teachers. Teacher collegiality among female teachers was more evident than male teachers. Female teachers were also found to be more organizationally committed in Pakistani schools. However, gender was not correlated with teacher professional commitment. Teachers with higher educational qualifications and/or teachers with more professional experience perceived collegiality to be higher in their respective schools. Similarly, an increase in educational level and professional experience heightens teachers' commitment towards their organization and profession. The results of this study offer numerous implications for theory, practice, and future research.


Based upon our recent study on the Lorentz non-invariance ambiguity in the longitudinal weak-boson scatterings and the precise conditions for the validity of the Equivalence Theorem (ET), we further examine the intrinsic connection between the longitudinal weak-boson scatterings and probing the electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) mechanism. We reveal the profound physical content of the ET as being able to discriminate processes which are insensitive to probing the EWSB sector. With this physical content as a criterion, we analyze the sensitivities to various effective operators for probing the mechanism of the EWSB.


The oligomer distribution of polyethoxylated surfactants was determined by isocratic normal-phase HPLC on amino column at variable column temperature. As temperature increases, both the absolute retention and selectivity decrease, with a resulting decrease in the separation of the individual oligomers. The effect is correlated with the rising lipophilic character of surfactant species as temperature increases, hence decreasing the interaction with the polar stationary phase. Therefore, the resolution and elution time of the surfactant oligomers can be adjusted by simply changing the temperature. HPLC experiments carried out at different temperatures allow to obtained Van't Hoff plot, and to calculate the free energy (DG°), enthalpy (DH°) and entropy (DS°) of transfer of one oligomer molecule from the mobile phase to the stationary phase.


Most CBR systems try to solve problems in one shot neglecting the sequential behavior of most real world domains and the simultaneous occurrence of interleaved problems proper to multi-agent settings. This article provides a first answer to the following question: how can the CBR paradigm be enriched to support the analysis of unsegmented sequences of observational data stemming from multiple coincidental sources? We propose Ceaseless CBR, a new model that considers the CBR task as on-going rather than one-shot and aims at finding the best explanation of an unsegmented sequence of alerts with the purpose of pinpointing whether undesired situations have occurred or not and, if so, indicating the multiple responsible sources or at least which ones are


Abstract The behaviour of dense zinc ferrite samples containing 1–6 wt% CaO, MgO, MnO or Al2O3 in solid solution has been investigated during reduction with CO–N2 and CO–CO2 gas mixtures at temperatures between 800 and 1100°C. The iron product microstructures, i.e. porous or dense iron, that were formed on the completion of reduction could be correlated with the shape of the reduction curves. The presence of impurity oxides in ZnFe2O4 solid solution was found to affect the conditions for formation of the porous iron morphology. The additions of CaO and MgO to ZnFe2O4 increased the region for porous iron growth, whereas Al2O3 and MnO restricted the range of reduction conditions over which porous iron was formed. The pore structure of the reduced samples was found to be dependent on reduction temperature, partial pressure of CO and amount of impurity oxide added into the solid solution as well as the species. The changes in growth mechanisms and reduction kinetics that occur with changing reduction conditions are discussed.


Grid computing and pervasive computing have rapidly emerged and affirmed as paradigms for high performance computing and for user-friendly computing respectively. These two separate worlds, however, can now interact each other in such a way that both pervasive and grid computing communities can benefit from integrating the two paradigms into a whole. This conjunction is already taking place to yield the pervasive grid computing model, and the present paper is focused on this approach. Purposely, it describes an Access&Location service for pervasive grid applications which uses RFID and WiFi technologies to grant access and locate mobile objects within a pervasive environment. Since this service is compliant to the OGSA specifications, it can be easily integrated into classic grid environments, therefore enhancing them with pervasive capabilities.


Professional Wireless Microphone Systems (PWMS), transmitting voice and music in live events such as concerts or conferences, demand the highest level of sound quality and reliability. Dropouts, noise and interference have to be prevented at any moment of the transmission. At present, these requirements can be fulfilled as PWMS utilize locally unused TV channels and thus operate in a protected radio environment. However, in the near future, the "Digital Dividend" will open the spectrum to other users, leading to less spectrum allocation to PWMS. In order to maintain the high quality of service of the radio links, the Specialist Task Force STF386 on Cognitive Programme Making and Special Events (C-PMSE) of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) proposed a proactive cognitive approach. A major part of this proposition is a Scanning Receiver Subsystem (SCS) that monitors the current spectrum occupation according to which a Cognitive Engine can dynamically configure the radio links. The SCS is composed of multiple Scanning Receivers (SCR) that measure the spectrum occupation at different locations within an event site and one or more Scanning Receiver Controllers (SCC). The SCC combine these observations to determine positions of interferers and estimate their future locations as well as their impact on the microphone links. This paper reviews the current activities of ETSI for standardization of a cognitive wireless microphone system with an in depth focus on the scanning receiver subsystem. Furthermore, the hardware of a low-cost scanning receiver, which has been developed and tested at our institute, is presented. The proposed receiver architecture fulfills the spectrum sensing capabilities recommended by ETSI and can be built at an affordable price, allowing the described proactive cognitive radio system to be realized.


In this paper,a drive circuit for brushless DC motor is proposed.It is designed with discrete elements,has the features of low price,easy way to realize and high reliability.Based on the presentation of motor′s working principle,the paper analyses the important points of the drive circuit design.Some problems are discussed with the proposed circuit,such as the floating gate drive for the power MOSFET,the dead time setup of the complementary PWM outputs,the reasons to form the oscillation and the way to optimize the drive circuitry.In the end of this paper,a test is performed to verify the functions of the circuit and observe the effect after the optimization.