Abstract:This essay links popular writing about the weather to transformations in communication networks at the turn of the seventeenth century in Britain. It argues for modern weather as a complex phenomenon—a "system"—which is partly meteorological in a strict sense, and partly the artifact of media forms like the letter or the newspaper. This article takes as its example the Great Storm of 1703, which closely followed innovations in the British newspaper trade. It makes a further argument for the close linkages between modern forms of populist rhetoric and community building which follow disasters, noting that the media forms associated with nationalism and community building are similar to the communication systems required for witnessing large-scale weather patterns.


The question mark in the title of Hal Rotham's monograph instantly prepares the reader for his strongly constructed argument that all of the objectives of environmental activities and movement over the last half of this century have not been met. Rotham also elucidates how and why this situation has evolved based on the complex dynamics of social, cultural, technological, scientific, and political factors. Rotham must be commended on accomplishing this task by his clear and suspenseful narrative method that immerses the reader in the critical personalities, organizations, politics, and contemporary events that preceded, shaped, and/or prompted major environmental shifts in the United States post–World War II. Although I feel that there were some issues that could have been more thoroughly explored and in a less-biased fashion, Rotham provides one of the most thorough, succinct, logical, and refreshingly lucid discussions of the emer gence of the American environmental movement and its historical relationship to the conservation movement. Rotham states in the preface that the book explores the more than 50 years since the end of World War II when environmentalism became a recurrent theme in American life. It had to change radically to meet the challenges of the postwar era. In that transformation, David Brower, the principal in the Sierra Club, played theprimary role, taking conservation from its elite roots and transforming it into a more gen eral, more political movement. In the aftermath of the Echo Park controversy of the early 1950s, the environ mental movement gained political power and strength (pp. xi-xii). Rotham then proceeds to tell this historical evolu tion in eight extremely well-written and documented chapters preceded by an enticing introduction, "Abun dance, Scarcity Optimism, and Prosperity." The chap ters in this text averaged under 25 pages, with the last chapter having fewer than 20 pages. The selfexplanatory titles of the eight chapters are chapter 1, "The Quiet Afterglow: Environment as an UpperClass Phenomena"; chapter 2, "The Echo Park Controversy and the Resurgence: From the Colorado River Storage Project to the Wilderness Act of 1964"; chapter 3, "Institutional Environmentalism: Federal Agencies and Their Publics"; chapter 4, "Idealism, Utopianism, and the Newest Back-to-Nature Movement: The 1960s"; chapter 5, "Environment Reaches the Government: NEPA, EPA, Earth Day, and the Rebirth of Bipartisan Political Support"; chapter 6, "Risk, Cul ture: Nuclear Power, Hazardous Waste, the Superfund, and the Concept of Environmental Justice"; chapter 7, "Arch Villain, Hero or Consensus-Buster? James Watt and the End of an Era"; and chapter 8, "Earth Day Revisited: A Global Ethos or a Political Problem?" Rotham's introduction points out that the Second World War transformed the country in several critical dimensions that shaped its historical development of environmental consciousness and resultant activism: technology, economics, politics, and culture. Accord ing to Rotham,


In this paper, we prove the stability in random normed spaces via fixed point method for the functional equation $2f (x + y) + f (x − y) + f (y − x) − f (2x) − f (2y) = 0$


Gongguan-Qingtonggou Hg-Sb deposit in Xunyang,Shaanxi Province is controlled by both strata and faults,and ore bodies occur in the faults at each level in the dolomite of the Devonian Gongguan formation.Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic study indicates that the ore-forming fluid is dominated by meteoric water.Carbon and oxygen isotopes reveal that the formation of hydrothermal calcite is closely related to the strata.The carbon isotope composition of the hydrothermal calcite is not completely consistent with that of ore-bearing strata due to the organic carbon in the strata mixed with the ore-forming fluid.Moreover,the sulfur is derived from the decomposition of sulfide or the reduction of sulfate in the strata while the lead is derived from a deep source and displays the characteristics of lead isotope in orogenic belt.Sr isotopes in ores and wall rocks indicate that the main ore-forming material such as Hg and Sb is carried by the fluid with high 87Sr/86Sr value that is derived from a deep source.


We have achieved avalanche gain at a wavelength of 10.3 μm in AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs quantum well superlattices. The photoelectrons are generated by resonant intersubband absorption and tunneling, and then avalanche via hot‐electron impact ionization of carriers out of the quantum wells. Good agreement is obtained between a theoretical calculation of this process and our experiments.


Objective To discuss the application and clinical curative effect of fascia lata graft in repair of tendon defect. Methods The eighteen cases of tendon defects were repaired by fascia lata graft,and joint functional exercise was conducted by using the rubber band traction method for early postoperative rehabilitation. The joint function was evaluated by referring the scoring system formulated by Chinese Medical Association Society of Hand Surgery. Results All patients received rubber band traction rehabilitation exercise for early postoperative joint function. Their joint range of motion was basically normal and decreased in some patients during the middle postoperative period. Meanwhile,the range of joint motion was fixed 6 weeks after operation. All the 18 patients were followed up for 8 to 18 months,averaging 12 months. Three patients with severe adhesion of tendon received adhesion lysis operation. The postoperative joint function criteria showed excellent in 12 cases,good in 5 cases,and poor in 1 case,with an excellent and good rate of 94. 4%. Conclusion Fascia lata graft provides graft sources for repairing tendon defect,and using Ethibond 2-0 sutures can ensure early functional exercise and good clinical effect.This method is worthy of popularization and application in basic-level hospital.


In recent years the radiation pressure created by a focused laser beam can be used to trap, levitate and manipulate microor nanometer-sized dielectric particles and biological cells [1-2]. Although photons are massless particles, they can transfer their momentum to the particle. The strong gradient of the electro-magnetic field intensity in the region of the beam waist gives rise to the so-called gradient force, which when working against the gravitational force provides a method for optical binding and manipulation of ultra-fine particles and mesoscopic systems. In addition, a beam of light can exert sufficient radiation pressure to move a microstructured object along the direction of the beam propagation under the effect of the scattering force. This radiationpressure-induced opto-mechanical interaction shows great promise for a variety of applications in the field of optically actuated micro-opticalelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) [3-4], laser cooling [5], spectrum analysis [6], optical information processing [4,6] and quantum informatics [5]. We present new results on the mode manipulation by radiation pressure in a micro-scale optical cavity with a thin shell. The light coupled into a spherical microcavity is trapped inside the microsphere near the circumference by total internal reflection, causing the morphology dependent resonances, also called whispering gallery modes (WGMs). In our approach, we utilise small spherical microcavity structures (< 5 ^m diameter) whose modes are highly sensitive to changes of the refractive index of the sphere itself [7-8] or to the environment in close proximity to the sphere surface [9-10]. In the latter case, the sensitivity is due to the evanescent field of the WGMs, which extend into the surrounding medium. Along with these properties, WGMs show remarkable sensitivity to deformation which allows fine tuning of the W GM 's spectral position and Q-factor [11,12]. Motivated by recent studies o f the elastic properties of polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayer [13], we applied a layerby-layer (LbL) deposition approach to fabricate a thin PE elastic shell on the surface of melamine formaldehyde (MF) microspheres. Varying the number of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte bi-layers deposited on MF templates provided the variation in the shell thickness. The value of Young's modulus of PE LbL films (100-200 MPa) falls in the range characteristic for highly cross


Abstract : Protein depletion in rats is associated with hemoconcentrated diminution of red cell mass and loss of erythropoiesis. Restoration of nutrition by diet or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is accompanied by weight gain and restoration of red cell mass. Intravenous repletion of both normal and protein depleted rats, unlike orally refed cohorts, was associated with elevated 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3 DPG) values and anemia. It is postulated that elevated red blood cell 2,3 DPG values in the intravenously refed rats interacted with hemoglobin to enhance oxygen unloading, thereby lowering the hypoxic stimulus for erythropoietin production, and ablating the hypoxic stimulus to the kidney. Because of the lack of a hypoxic stimulus to the kidney, an aregenerative anemia persisted.


The narrative of the Ionian Revolt marks the beginning of the full-scale account in Herodotus of political and military events shows that he and his contemporaries regarded it as an intrinsic part of the series of wars between Greece and Persia. For the Ionian Revolt, Herodotus is our only surviving literary source; yet his narrative has generally been regarded as one of the most problematical sections of his history. Many attempts have been made to place Herodotus in a literary context that would provide him with written sources for his information, and also perhaps explain the origins of his conception of history. The absence of a politically oriented oral tradition in Ionia may reflect certain characteristics of Ionian society, where aristocratic dominance was perhaps less marked than on the Greek mainland. The immediate cause of the Ionian Revolt lay in the failure of the Persian attack on Naxos.


Abstract In contrast to the management of European pheasants (Phasianus spp.), the spatial dynamics and habitat selection of breeding male ring-necked pheasants (P. colchicus) have received little attention in North America. To evaluate these parameters, I radiomarked 95 male pheasants over 5 years (1997–2001) on 2 study areas in eastern South Dakota. In spring 73% of radiomarked pheasants dispersed and moved an average of 3.2±0.3 km (SE) from wintering sites. Home range sizes of breeding male pheasants were bimodally distributed. One group of male pheasants exhibited localized movements and had relatively small (18.4±0.9 ha) home ranges, whereas a second group was intermittently sedentary and mobile and had relatively large (45.4±2.9 ha) home ranges. Males preferred to establish breeding home ranges in association with idled herbaceous and woody cover. The proportional abundance of woody cover decreased the size of male home ranges, whereas higher proportions of cropland resulted in larger pheasant home ranges. Within home ranges male pheasants preferred woody cover to other available habitats. While subjugated males assumed sedentary, submissive roles in Europe, in South Dakota males sought unoccupied spaces on landscapes to establish territories. Complexes of idled herbaceous and woody cover will maximize the capacity of landscapes to support male pheasant territories.


In this paper, we discussed the ways of the generation of sea clutter with hardware implementation. It can provide variable sea clutter for the Radar Environment Simulator evaluating the ability for the radar to detect and track targets under the clutter conditions.


Inadequate and Indiscernible interpersonal communication between healthcare professionals or groups of professionals is a main causal factor in errors and procedural mistakes in medical practice, and this undermines the safety of patients. The study assessed healthcare providers' insight into the handover of patients and how this impacts patient safety. A cross-sectional survey was utilized with a sample size of 400, equally divided between nurses and doctors. A well-structured questionnaire was used to elicit the required information. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical package. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents had no formal training on patient handover (56.3% vs. 43.7%). Respondents were aware that ineffective communication at handover impacts negatively on patient safety. The traditional method of handover is practiced and the most employed type (77%) and method (54%) of communication is the combined written verbal method. The obstacles to effective communication at handover were time constraints, excess workload, fatigue, and distraction. It was concluded that the insight of healthcare providers about handover and its impact on patient handover is passable and it can be improved upon by including handover in the training curriculum of nursing/medical students, regular refresher courses for practicing nurses/doctors to equip them with the skills that will advance both the content and communication at handover.


The Old Aramaic inscription Sefire I (KAI 222) includes, in a series of mimetic curses, a debated clause that has been read by most previous scholars to involve a mysterious {gnbʾ} gannābaʾ(?) 'thief', which (or who?) is symbolically burned (Sefire IA:36–37). The present article argues that there are lexicographic (cognates in later Aramaic dialects) and phonological (geminate prenasalization) grounds for understanding {gnbʾ} to encode instead ganbaʾ (< *gabbaʾ) 'straw'. The burning of this straw to symbolize consequences should a treaty partner renege has clear parallels in Mesopotamian and Syro-Anatolian magical and ritual language, including treaty curses, and produces a more typical image in a list of mimetic curses involving materials (wax), objects (a bow and arrow), and animals (a calf).


FIELD: manufacture of high-temperature filters. SUBSTANCE: method involves heating basalt rocks to 1500-1600 C and pulling fibers at the rate of 3500-4500 m/min from the melt with a viscosity of 110-500 Pa/s. Fiber diameter is 4.0-3.5 microns. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 tbl


The H-type finned tube banks are lately used in heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) and also in large capacity utility boilers because of a series of advantages.However,because there exist limitations of the present achievements as regards the characteristics of heat transfer and flow resistance for H-type finned tube banks due to various reasons,they can′t meet the demands of the practical applications.Based on the analysis of the heat transfer mechanism for H-type finned tube banks,the heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of optimized H-type finned tube banks are studied by means of modeling experiments.The comparison between the experimental results and the calculating results by corresponding methods is carried out.The research provides a reliable basis for design of H-type finned tube banks.


Sexually transmitted infections (STI) notifications have been on the rise in several European countries since the early 2000s, most likely due to multiple factors like increased screening, use of more sensitive diagnostics, improved reporting and also due to high levels of unsafe sexual behaviour among certain subpopulations. Across Europe, 32,000 cases of gonorrhoea, 18,000 cases of syphilis and over 345,000 cases of chlamydia were reported in 2010 [1]. Certain subpopulations appear to be more affected than others: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by gonorrhoea and syphilis, and young people between 15 and 24 years of age are affected mainly by chlamydia and gonorrhoea. The increases in gonorrhoea and syphilis reported in this edition of Eurosurveillance are worrying as they are identified in MSM and young adults and seem to be associated with high levels of unsafe sexual behaviour and coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The increases in gonorrhoea are of particular concern as they coincide with decreasing susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to currently used antimicrobial drugs in England [2] and across Europe [3]. The increases reported in this edition can be partly explained by increased testing of risk groups. Bremer et al. [4] report that the increase in syphilis diagnoses in Germany could be linked to increased uptake of screening by HIV-negative MSM and incorporation of syphilis testing in the clinical monitoring of HIVpositive MSM. In Sweden, the increase in gonorrhoea seen over the last five years, particularly among young women (who are more often asymptomatic than men) is similarly linked to the increasing use by youth clinics of nucleic acid amplification tests which are more sensitive and test for both chlamydia and gonorrhoea in the same sample [5]. Similarly, increased testing of MSM in the United Kingdom (UK) due to the recent increases in lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), and new testing guidance is thought to have contributed to the increase in gonorrhoea notification there [6].


Sex education is teaching children, directing it, and expressing frankly to him about matters relating to sex as well as those related to character and marriage. In this research sex education is limited in the concept of Prophetic Parenting. This Prophetic Parenting can be used as a basis for parents to educate children who are right to follow the method of Rasulullah SAW. This research uses library research methods as well as researchers using the content analysis approach model, this research is in-depth discussion of the contents of written or printed information in mass media. This study aims to determine that parents are able to know and can apply sex education to children. Based on the results of the study, there are the rules and fundamentals explained by the Prophet in directing the sexual tendencies of children, namely: Training children to ask permission when entering the house / room of parents; Familiarize children subdue and close genitalia; Separating a child's bed; Train children to sleep in a right-sided position; Keep children from ikhtilat with the opposite sex; Teach the obligation to bathe janabah when the child approaches baligh; Explain the differences in sex and the dangers of adultery when children approach baligh; Promotes early marriage to children. Keywords; Child; Prophetic Parenting; Sex Education


On a city bus for residents travel peak pressure,we established the bus line scheduling model which is mainly based on residents' travel behavior analysis.The model uses survival analysis theory to analyze the influence factors of residents travel time,find out the urban residents travel time interval science tumble,and construct nonlinear programming model function on bus headway of the peak time in the region.Model function includes the time cost of passengers and the bus company operating costs,introduces weighting factor,and uses particle swarm algorithm to get the best grid interval.On the basis of Hangzhou citizens travel data in a given area,the article derived optimized scheduling schedule from empirical studies,verified the feasibility and validity of the model.


The function and principle of automatic test system of aerial fire control equipment are introduced in this paper.The hardware and software design method of test system are given and the key technology of the design is ana- lyzed too.The system provides good man-computer interface by using LabWindows/CVI as the software development platform.Also it is convenient,quick and accurate.


Summary. Atrazine was extracted from two weathered soil samples with the proposed micro extraction method using ethyl acetate as the extracting agent. The results were compared with other extraction methods tested. The proposed micro method was equally effective as the micro on-line method using acetone for the extraction and more effective than the Soxhlet extraction using acetone and methanol. Therefore, the proposed micro ethyl acetate method can be used for routine analysis.


Genomic DNA from 16 Blastocystis hominis isolates comprising of eight asymptomatic isolates (A1– A8) and eight symptomatic isolates (S1–S8) was amplified by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) using 38 arbitrary 10-mer primers. Six primers (A10, B5, C20, D1, F6, and F10) generated reproducible DNA fingerprints. AP-PCR amplification revealed similar DNA fingerprints among all symptomatic isolates (S1–S8) with common bands at 850 bp using primer A10, 920 bp using primer B5, and 1.3 kbp using primer D1. Isolates A1, A3, A4, A5, A6, and A7 showed similar DNA banding patterns and all asymptomatic isolates (A1–A8) shared a major band at 1 kbp using primer B5. Isolates A2 and A8 showed distinct DNA banding patterns that differed from the remainder of the isolates. The results of the phylogenetic analyses showed that all symptomatic isolates (S1–S8) formed a clade with >70% similarity among the isolates and which were clearly separate from asymptomatic isolates A1, A3, A4, A5, A6, and A7. Asymptomatic isolates A2 and A8 formed two distinct and separate clades. AP-PCR revealed higher genetic variability within the asymptomatic isolates than within the symptomatic isolates. The present study suggests that AP-PCR can be a valuable method for differentiating between isolates of B. hominis and our results support the hypothesis that our asymptomatic and symptomatic B. hominis isolates may represent two different strains/species with varying patho-genic potential.


The Portland Water Bureau (Bureau) is striving to provide the highest quality water, customer service and stewardship of the critical infrastructure, fiscal, and natural resources. In order to be proactive in management of its assets, the Bureau decided to develop an Asset Management Plan (AMP) for its distribution system pipes. An AMP is a long-range planning document that provides a framework for documenting the assets owned and managed, understanding the risk exposed, and forecasting financial commitment required sustain the services. It is also a plan of action or guidance on how the Bureau intends to manage the assets – address risks, strategize maintenance and replacement, and budget program needs. This paper highlights the content of the current AMP for pipes and how the Bureau managed its pipes.


In 50 subjects with arteriosclerotic ischaemia of the lower extremities and 41 subjects with diabetes mellitus ozone was applied intra-arterially. Before and after the treatment serum lipids concentration was examined. In the group with arteriosclerotic ischemia significant decrease in cholesterol level and both his fractions was seen. Whereas in the group with diabetes the cholesterol LDL was significantly reduced. In both groups total lipids level serum was decreased. It suggests that ++ozone therapy set back the arteriosclerosis progress, normalized some parameters of lipid metabolism and improved HDL to LDL cholesterol fractions relationship.


Introduction:
 Current guidelines do not support the use of aspirin and clopidogrel for secondary stroke prevention due to a nonsignificant reduction in stroke and a significant increase in life-threatening bleeding.

 Hypothesis:
 We assessed the hypothesis that the effect of dual antiplatelet therapy on stroke prevention would be different depending on the trial cohort.

 Methods:
 We conducted a meta-analysis of published randomized trials comparing the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone that reported stroke incidence. Statistical heterogeneity across trials was evaluated using the I2 index and the Chi-square test for heterogeneity.

 Results:
 Thirteen randomized trials were included with a total of 90,433 participants (mean age 63 years; 63% male) with a mean follow up of 1.0 years and 2011 strokes. Stroke was reduced 19% by dual antiplatelet therapy (OR=0.81; 95% CI 0.74-0.89) with no evidence of heterogeneity of effect across different trial populations (I2 index = 5%, p = 0.4 for heterogeneity). Dual antiplatelet therapy reduced ischemic stroke by 23% (OR=0.77; 95% CI 0.70-0.85). The risk of major bleeding was increased by 40% (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.26-1.55) by dual antiplatelet therapy; there was a nonsignificant 2% increase in intracerebral hemorrhage (OR=1.12, 95% CI 0.86-1.46).

 Conclusions:
 Contrary to our hypothesis, this meta-analysis demonstrates a substantial relative risk reduction in stroke by clopidogrel plus aspirin vs. aspirin alone that is consistent across different trial cohorts. Given this findings the strong proscription against the use of clopidogrel plus aspirin for secondary stroke prevention advocated by most current guidelines may warrant reconsideration.


Risk communication in post-nuclear accident situations faces many challenges related to the limited knowledge of experts about the actual situation in the affected communities, as well as of the affected people about radiological risk combined with their distrust of authorities and experts. In such an anxiety-provoking context, the co-expertise approach recommended by the ICRP combining technical expertise, citizen participation and two-way communication has shown that it was an effective approach for restoring trust between the experts and the people concerned and developing, among the latter, a practical radiological protection culture. In essence, technical-oriented risk communication is not sufficient alone. A dialogue with affected people is necessary in combination with measurements of radiation associated with their daily life in order to gain their participation in the co-expertise process and to progressively restore confidence in them and trust in authorities and experts. The article highlights the salient features of the co-expertise process in relation to risk communication.


The rate of protonation of singlet 2-fluorenylnitrene was studied in eight protic solvents. The protonation rates vary between 10(11) and 10(9) s(-1) and are well-correlated with Swain's acity parameters. This demonstrates that Swain acity parameters and nitrene protonation rates can be used to evaluate bulk solvent acidity.


This research is a case study in PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. by the title "Analysis of tax planning (Tax Planning) as effort in tax saving of income tax is debt to company" The purpose of this study is to know effort tax saving of PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. to pass applying of tax planning and also impact to be obtained after implementation of tax planning. In this research, writer doing analysis to company financial statement about tax planning possibility that is calculation of company income tax in 2006 which later will affect at level of tax saving of lease to be paid by company and also profit to be obtained by company. The way for doing a tax planning is by using some alternative that is procces employee's income tax 21 that more efficient with Gross Up method and change Non-Deductible Expense to Deductible Expense. From the result of the study, it is known that PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. Have applied tax planning by giving tax subsidiary with Gross Up method from employees salary to lighten employees burden. but opportunity not yet been exploited by company, seen from level of expenditure of Non-Deductible Expense that positive fiscal correction. From the count result of tax planning analysis by writer pursuant at level of expenditure of Non-Deductible Expense that positive fiscal correction at calculation of company income tax in 2006 indicating that tax planning by transformasi expenditure of Non-Deductible Expense to Deductible Expense at expense of lunch, expense of house expense and recreation on duty by giving subsidy at direct burdensome employees at component employ and fee, and also the expense of made by guest feast its list of him will yield degradation of company income tax which initialy equal to Rp 386,380,163,000,- becoming Rp 358,716,021,000,-. So that company can do tax saving to Rp 27,664,142,000,-


In this paper we derive an explicit, single expression for a complex-valued, orthonormal basis well localized in time-frequency domain. We construct it from a single real function Φ(x) which is a Gaussian divided by the square root of a Jacobi theta θ3 function. Then we simplify Φ(x) to the form of inverse square root of a Jacobi theta θ3 function. We show that the shape of Φ(x) can be changed from Gaussian-like to rectangular-like with a single parameter. The basis generating function Φ(x) and its Fourier transform Φ have exponential decay. We also show how to modify a standard I and Q processor to compute complex-valued time-frequency expansion coefficients.


Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of senile pulmonary tuberculosis(SPT).Methods:125 patients with SPT and 125 young and middle-aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were selected from 342 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were registered and given chemotherapy from 2004 to 2006.The clinical characteristics of the patients were analysed comparatively. Results:In SPT,the morbidity of male patients was higher than female patients,male patients had more complications and retreatment, more liver injury and dissatisfied therapeutic effect.Conclusion:Patients with SPT should be made early diagnosis and controlling actively complications,with the whole course of rational administration.


Objective
To investigate the characteristics of different electrophysiology of Ca2+ -activated Cl- channels (ClCa) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) between pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) rats induced by left-to-right shunt and normotensive rats, and to study its possible role in the progress of PAH induced by high pulmanry blood flow.

Methods
Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group(n=10), sham group(n=10), PAH model group(n=20). After molding, the rats were raised in the same condition for 11 weeks.Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) of each rat was measured by right cardiac catheterization procedure.Right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) was calculated.Single PASMC was obtained by acute enzyme separation method and the conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the resting membrane potential(Em), ClCa and current density.The I-V curve between each group were compared.

Results
Compared with control group and sham group, the I-V curve about Itail of PAH model group was significantly shift downward; the difference between control group and sham group was not significant.There were positive correlations between Em and RVSP, RVHI(all P<0.01), and negative correlations between Itail and RVSP, RVHI and Em(all P<0.01).

Conclusions
During the formation process of left-to-right shunt induced PAH, with the step up of pulmonary arterial pressure, the Em of PASMCs stepping up.The absolute value of current density of inward ClCa currents was increased, and its I-V curve was shift downward.These suggest that the change of ClCa currents may play a role in the PAH induced by left-to-right shunting.

Key words:
Left-to-right shunt; Pulmonary arterial hypertension; Ca2+ -activated Cl- channel; Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell; Patch-clamp technique


Abstract The use of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide as a novel and exceedingly efficient thia-Michael addition catalyst is herein described. This extremely simple methodology allows for the conjugate addition of a wide variety of mercaptan nucleophiles, and functions remarkably well with a very wide range of both classical and non-classical Michael acceptors. Contradistinctive to current literature reports, the use of this catalyst more efficiently promotes the addition of more basic thiols. This methodology is especially attractive and operationally simple, as it generally proceeds with only 1 mol% catalytic loading and without excess reagent, and the produced products typically require no purification.


Owing to the great change of management enviroment in contemporary enterprises and the spread of stategic management, the concept of stategic financial management is introdiced. In three aspects, this article deals with the breakthroughs in stategic financial management compared with previous financial management.


Average consensus is key for distributed networks, with applications ranging from network synchronization, distributed information fusion, decentralized control, to load balancing for parallel processors. Existing average consensus algorithms require each node to exchange explicit state values with its neighbors, which results in the undesirable disclosure of sensitive state information. In this paper, we propose a novel average consensus approach for directed graphs which can protect the privacy of participating nodes' initial states without the assistance of any trusted third party or data aggregator. By leveraging the inherent robustness of consensus dynamics to embed privacy in random coupling weights between interacting nodes, our proposed approach can guarantee consensus to the exact value without any error. This is in distinct difference from differential-privacy based average consensus approaches which enable privacy through sacrificing accuracy in obtained consensus value. The proposed approach is able to preserve privacy even when multiple honest-but-curious nodes collude with each other. Furthermore, by encrypting exchanged information, the proposed approach can also provide privacy protection against inference by external eavesdroppers wiretapping communication links. Numerical simulations and hardware experiments on Raspberry Pi boards confirm that the algorithm is lightweight in computation and communication.


Analyses of catastrophic collapse of some adjacent precast concrete box beam bridges reveal the fact that the hinge joints between the adjacent beams were not sufficiently designed. The joint failure caused by deterioration is the result of system reliability deficiency of this type of bridges. To understand the system performance of the bridges, the redundancy and robustness of a bridge model with a scale of 1 ∶ 2, based on the prototype design drawings for 10-meter adjacent box beam bridges in China, were assessed through a system safety evaluation procedure. The result confirmed the assumption that the redundancy and robustness of certain adjacent precast concrete beam bridges did not meet the pertinent requirements proposed in National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) reports 406, 458, and 776 as a result of hinge joint failure. To address the current design deficiencies, a system factor is recommended in this paper to calculate the nominal resistance that reflects the level of redundancy of this type of bridges. In addition, a new framework is proposed to address the particular structural feature and topology of adjacent precast concrete beam bridges for the assessment of structural redundancy and robustness, which can reduce the computation complexity compared to existing approaches. The full-range load test performed in this research verified the previous research results on bridge system safety that were mainly based on theoretical analysis and simulations.


PEN1IANSHIP. The following words, phrases. and sentences suggesting the importance of "thrift habits" are presented as suitable to use in penmanship practice. For example, when it is desired to practice on the letter Us," take some such words as "stamp" or "saving'"; if the clasg is working on a larger unit, use, for example, "a thrift card," or the short sentence, "Save SPOKEN AND WRITTEN ENGLISH. Material for Enunciation Dril1.-There is much excellent material for drill in clear enunciation and correct prontiiiCiation in the different "catch words" used on thrift, cards and war saving certificates. A, few random selections are given here. Insist on slow, distinct utterance in the drills. Exaggerate the final consonants. Make the work brisk:Thrift card. United States government. Waste not; want not. Issued by the Secretary of the Treasury. Waste costs lives. A penny saved is a penny gained. Thrift begins with little savings. United States government thrift card. Thrift cards are On sale at postoflices, banks and trust companies. Certificate. War-saving certificates. War-saving certificate stamps. Save and invest in the safest, simplest security. (Note: If every child could learn to pronounce "govern-ment" and "cer-tif-i-cate" correctly, "the "drive" would be worth all the trouble.)


structive forces creating soil erosion, removal of wood by porters (local hired load carriers), climbers, and hikers for fires, poses a significant threat to the nutrient cycles of soils in the Afroalpine and Bamboo forest belts. Despite regulations prohibiting the removal of firewood, and although no accurate figures are available on the annual weight, it appears that large amounts are taken by visitors along the Naro Moru track, and to a lesser degree along the Sirimon and Chogoria routes. Since this practice has occurred over several decades one can only assume that it is reflected to some degree in the carbon/nitrogen ratios in the surface horizons of profiles TV4, TV28, and LN14 (Table 2) in the Afroalpine belt, and in profiles TV21 and TV23 in the Bamboo Forest-Hagenia Woodland transition belt. While the C/N ratios in the Afroalpine belt are reasonably higher (e.g., 10-13) than in the Bamboo Forest-Hagenia Woodland transition belt (8 to 9), they are not as high as in temperate alpine ecosystems (Mahaney, 1982b). Some attempt must be made to enforce regulations against tree removal, to insure that C/N ratios are not allowed to diminish to any great extent.


"Transferring went so smoothly. Tara and I even did the summer advising via video call while I was overseas." Meet Marc Morris '19 (archaeology), who's interned and worked on two continents.


Introduction. Part 1: Cross Language Variation 1. Noun Phrase Accessibility and Universal Grammar 2. Variation in Universal Grammar 3. The Psychological Validity of the Accessibility Hierarchy Part 2: Grammatical Relations 4. Towards a Universal Definition of 'Subject of' 5. On Collapsing Grammatical Relations in Universal Grammar 6. Semantic Correlates of the Ergative / Absolutive Distinction Part 3: Relation-changing Rules in Universal Grammar 7. Some Universals of Passive in Relational Grammar 8. Passive is Phrasal (not Sentential or Lexical) 9. Parametric Variation in Universal Grammar 10. Predicate Formation Rules in Universal Grammar Part 4: Explanation in Universal Grammar 11. The Logical Status of Deep Structures: Logical Constraints on Syntactic Processes 12. The Functional Principle: Generalising the Notion of 'Subject' 13. On Surface Form and Logical Form 14. The Logical Diversity of Natural Languages Part 5: Semantics in Universal Grammar 15. Facing the Truth: Some Advantages of Direct Interpretation


DC circuits such as battery storage systems bear an inherent risk of fire through electric arc faults. This paper reveals how different system parameters are linked to the arc fault risk and which of them are useful for detection. Furthermore, a hardware-based arc fault simulator for various DC systems is introduced.


In this era, there is an increase in the number of elderly people living alone and also in the number of injuries and deaths due to unavailability of help around them. Here, we aim to design a wearable device for the elderly that will sense their most common troubles and alert their family in case of a peril. Few common problems faced by elderly, the ill-effects of which can be greatly reduced if addressed immediately, include fall and arrhythmia. The assistance device developed by us monitors a person's movements using a triaxial accelerometer to detect falls. It also monitors the person's ECG to detect arrhythmia condition. The device is programmed to alert the concerned person automatically if either or both of these conditions occur.


This text reflects on the metamorphosis of the condition of youth from three literary stories. The first story, the Tarzan syndrome, was invented by Rousseauin the late eighteenth century and lasted until mid-twentieth century: according to this model, the teenager would be the noble savage that inevitably have to civilize, to a being that contains all potential of the human species, which still has not developed because it remains pure and incorrupt. The second story, Peter Pan syndrome, was invented by the happy post-war teenagers, and became hegemonic in the second half of the twentieth century, thanks in large part to the potential of consumer society and mature capitalism. The third story, finally, based on what we might call Blade Runner syndrome emerges in the turn of the century and is destined to be come hegemonic in the future society. This metaphoris illustrated literary reflection on the Net generation (which we call the digital generation) and a brief foray into one of the last youth subcultures emerged in Argentina from a passion for cyberspace: the floggers.


The electronic configuration of antimony in Ba(Sb0.5In0.5)O3 prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method has been studied by XRD and M?ssbauer spectroscopy. Based on the evaluation of M?ssbauer spectroscopy and considering also the XRD result, the single-phase perovskite crystals are obtained, the covalent bonding of Sb(V) to the neighbouring oxygen reflects on some hybridized orbital behaviour.


Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows:
Cannibalism is one of the reactions of hens to the crowding of cage living. Debeaking at 12 to 17 weeks of age has provided a practical control of cannibalism in the past. The results of this trial show that early precision debeaking not only controlled cannibalism but also increased egg production, as compared with later debeaking.


Although most of Wuthering Heights takes place indoors, readers sense that nature is a major element in the novel. Nature is present in figurative language, which accounts for the impression of realism, but why does Bronte choose an indirect mode of presentation over a direct one? The figurative uses of nature form a highly abstract symbolic system, distinct from "real" nature, while "real" nature is unrepresentable. Psychoanalytic theory may account for this discrepancy, if the text is treated as if it were a psyche. Nature, or the destructive reality it represents, is so threatening that it must be repressed, while the figurative use of nature is a sublimation, redirecting the dangerous force into a safe and constructive channel. Analysis of the heroine, Cathy, helps to confirm this reading. Similar forces are at work in her psyche, but unlike the author she cannot sublimate and succumbs to nature's power. (MH) "The Parish Boy's Progress": The Evolving Form of Oliver Twist. William T. Lankford .............................................20 Abstract. Dickens progressively transforms the controlling conventions of Oliver Twist during the course of the novel to explore deeply rooted moral tensions involving innocence, evil, and the law. The opening satire degenerates into moralistic melodrama as Oliver changes from a typical parish boy to "the principle of Good." But this sentimental Providentialism breaks down at the country funeral, and in the city the narrative form evolves to discover a more complex and humane morality. Although the plot remains occupied with the triumph of good, the symbolic pattern of the action suggests a hidden resemblance between Oliver and the thieves. The point of view moves toward closer identification with the harried, but increasingly humanized, criminals. The life of the novel resists repression even as the ending enforces the law. "The Parish Boy's Progress" ends at the gallows, but Fagin takes Oliver's place there. (WTL) Dickens progressively transforms the controlling conventions of Oliver Twist during the course of the novel to explore deeply rooted moral tensions involving innocence, evil, and the law. The opening satire degenerates into moralistic melodrama as Oliver changes from a typical parish boy to "the principle of Good." But this sentimental Providentialism breaks down at the country funeral, and in the city the narrative form evolves to discover a more complex and humane morality. Although the plot remains occupied with the triumph of good, the symbolic pattern of the action suggests a hidden resemblance between Oliver and the thieves. The point of view moves toward closer identification with the harried, but increasingly humanized, criminals. The life of the novel resists repression even as the ending enforces the law. "The Parish Boy's Progress" ends at the gallows, but Fagin takes Oliver's place there. (WTL) Tradition and Monstrosity in El obsceno pajaro de la noche. John Caviglia ................................................................... 33 Abstract. In its obscure complexities, El obsceno pajaro de la noche conceals the tale of the Bildung of an author, which passes through four stages. In the first, the protagonist attempts to find his identity in society, symbolized by the mask. In the second, he turns to his own psychological resources, only to find chaos and monstrosity. In the third, like the figure of the old woman in the novel, he abandons his own individuality for hearsay and the commonplace. Finally, he ends in a solipsistic isolation represented by a nonce symbol, the Imbunche—a creature that has had all its orifices sewn shut by witches. This novel proposes that the author, who has become identified with language, has lost touch both with his inner self and with his ambience. (JC) In its obscure complexities, El obsceno pajaro de la noche conceals the tale of the Bildung of an author, which passes through four stages. In the first, the protagonist attempts to find his identity in society, symbolized by the mask. In the second, he turns to his own psychological resources, only to find chaos and monstrosity. In the third, like the figure of the old woman in the novel, he abandons his own individuality for hearsay and the commonplace. Finally, he ends in a solipsistic isolation represented by a nonce symbol, the Imbunche—a creature that has had all its orifices sewn shut by witches. This novel proposes that the author, who has become identified with language, has lost touch both with his inner self and with his ambience. (JC) Wordsworth's Lucy Poems in Psychobiographical Context. Richard E. Matlak ............................................................46 Abstract. The Lucy poems were evoked by stress in Wordsworth's relationships with Dorothy and Coleridge. Four were written in Germany, where Wordsworth was forced to separate from Coleridge because of the added expense of keeping Dorothy. Wordsworth's resulting hostility toward Dorothy mixes with his love The Lucy poems were evoked by stress in Wordsworth's relationships with Dorothy and Coleridge. Four were written in Germany, where Wordsworth was forced to separate from Coleridge because of the added expense of keeping Dorothy. Wordsworth's resulting hostility toward Dorothy mixes with his love as he fantasizes her death and then mourns her loss in the Lucy poems. But his relationship with Coleridge darkened as well after Coleridge stated a preference for living near Thomas Poole rather than Wordsworth when the poets met at Gottingen following their winter-long separation. "I Travelled among Unknown Men," written in England two years later, reveals, however, that Wordsworth overcame his ambivalence toward Dorothy and his excessive dependency upon Coleridge; his declaration of love for England becomes an indirect refusal to venture abroad with Coleridge again. Through the development of the Lucy cycle, Wordsworth discovered that place is the foundation of love and relationship. (REM) Stevens' Fusky Alphabet. Philip Furia and Martin Roth ..................................... 66 Abstract. Wallace Stevens uses the alphabet as a code to validate the philosophical concerns of his poetry. The alphabet is "murderous" if it represents a sacred and sterile process that assumes a final dispensation as "heavenly script"; the alphabet is "fusky" if it represents an artistic act that continually mediates between the emptiness of things and the imagination to create poetic heavens on earth. Stevens often works with an abbreviated alphabet (ABC, XYZ, etc.) where the letters are "characters" who represent certain relations between the imagination and reality. An understanding of this code informs certain poems where letters play an explicit and major role, such as "An Ordinary Evening in New Haven," "Soand-So Reclining on Her Couch," "Connoisseur of Chaos," and "The Comedian as the Letter C." The alphabetical code also informs much of Stevens' other work and accounts for many of the apparent difficulties of his poetry—the curious vocabulary, the fantastic characters, and the exotic topography of his poetic universe. (PF and MR) Wallace Stevens uses the alphabet as a code to validate the philosophical concerns of his poetry. The alphabet is "murderous" if it represents a sacred and sterile process that assumes a final dispensation as "heavenly script"; the alphabet is "fusky" if it represents an artistic act that continually mediates between the emptiness of things and the imagination to create poetic heavens on earth. Stevens often works with an abbreviated alphabet (ABC, XYZ, etc.) where the letters are "characters" who represent certain relations between the imagination and reality. An understanding of this code informs certain poems where letters play an explicit and major role, such as "An Ordinary Evening in New Haven," "Soand-So Reclining on Her Couch," "Connoisseur of Chaos," and "The Comedian as the Letter C." The alphabetical code also informs much of Stevens' other work and accounts for many of the apparent difficulties of his poetry—the curious vocabulary, the fantastic characters, and the exotic topography of his poetic universe. (PF and MR) The Second Shepherds' Play: A Reconsideration. Maynard Mack , Jr .................................................................78 Abstract. Unlike some other plays of the Wakefield cycle, the Second Shepherds' Play reveals a subtle exploitation of dramatic techniques to minimize the distance between secular and sacred experience. Introduction of the shepherds one at a time; Mak's play-acting, magic spell, dream prophecy, and sheep stealing; the parallel between Mak and the Angel are all arranged to give the audience a sense in theatrical terms of the meaning of the shift through the farce-drama from the opening lyrics of static despair to a new mode of celebration. Although symbolically presented as the devil or Antichrist, Mak functions dramatically as the bridge to the birth of Jesus. (MM, Jr) Unlike some other plays of the Wakefield cycle, the Second Shepherds' Play reveals a subtle exploitation of dramatic techniques to minimize the distance between secular and sacred experience. Introduction of the shepherds one at a time; Mak's play-acting, magic spell, dream prophecy, and sheep stealing; the parallel between Mak and the Angel are all arranged to give the audience a sense in theatrical terms of the meaning of the shift through the farce-drama from the opening lyrics of static despair to a new mode of celebration. Although symbolically presented as the devil or Antichrist, Mak functions dramatically as the bridge to the birth of Jesus. (MM, Jr) Dom Juan and the Manifest God: Moliere's Antitragic Hero. Francis L. Lawrence ............................................................86 Abstract. Moliere's Dom Juan goes beyond surface travesty of the legend to develop its profound comic sense. The hero's failures in action are farcical; his failures


This study aimed to evaluate the impact of psychological capital training program on happiness of divorced women. This was semi-experimental study; the pretest-posttest was conducted with a control group. Using purposive sampling method, 30divorced women who were supported by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Darrehshahr were selected as sample; then, they were randomly assigned to two treatment and control groups (15 in each group). The Oxford's Happiness Questionnaire was used to collect data in pretest and posttest. The psychological capital training program was conducted in treatment group for 8 sessions, 2 hours in each session. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and SD) and ANCOVA test. The findings showed that the psychological capital training program impacted significantly on happiness score of treatment group (P<0.01). Considering the effectiveness of psychological capital training program in increasing the happiness of divorced women, it was suggested that this training program be conducted to increase the happiness of this group of people.


Abstract This essay discusses the reading records of Francis Russell, 1587–1641, later 4th Earl of Bedford. Drawing from a previously unstudied manuscript notebook from 1620 to 1622, the author demonstrates the importance of Russell's private archive at Woburn Abbey as an important repository for political, literary, and cultural history in the early Stuart age. The notebook evidences how a nobleman of Russell's wealth, stature, and influence prepared for political office, and more broadly, how he educated himself. The notebook contains a wide variety of texts, among them histories, sermons, poetry, political pamphlets, treatises, news, and gossip, much of which Russell brought to bear on the acute political Bohemian crisis then emerging, and on its consequences for domestic politics (for example, the 1621 Parliament). The notebook's contents also reveal more about early modern reading practice and the organization of knowledge and suggest the many networks of circulation through which Russell acquired his books, manuscript tracts, and oral information.


The implementation of porous ultralow k materials to the next generation of IC's requires a practical pore-sealing technique, for which the deposition must be not only conformal to patterned features, but also nmthick so that the impact of this pore-sealing layer on the overall dielectric constant (k) is negligible. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is the best choice to achieve these two points. However, regular ALD will penetrate into the internal porosity of a porous low k material, filling pores and drastically increasing the effective k value. Therefore, to seal the pores by ALD, internal deposition must be eliminated.


22 The Early Jurassic Epoch was marked by multiple periods of major global 23 climatic and palaeoceanographic change, biotic turnover and perturbed global 24 geochemical cycles, commonly linked to large igneous province volcanism. This 25 interval was also characterized by the initial break-up of the supercontinent 26 Pangaea and the opening and formation of shallow-marine basins and ocean 27 gateways, the timing of which are still poorly constrained. Here, we show that the 28


We discuss a mesoscopic mechanism of exchange interaction in ferromagnet-normal metal-ferromagnet multilayers. We show that in the case when the metal's thickness is larger than the electron mean free path, the relative orientation of magnetizations in the ferromagnets is perpendicular. The exchange energy between ferromagnets decays with the metal thickness as a power law.


Reading comprehension is the ability to read a text, process it and comprehend the meaning. Most of students in senior high school faced problem in reading comprehension. The students had low motivation in reading English text, got easily bored with the task and material. One of strategy that can be used by the teacher is using crossword puzzle in teaching reading. Therefore, the writer conduct a research about "The Use of Crossword Puzzle to Improve Students' Reading Comprehensionˮ. This research is aimed to answer the questions whether crossword puzzle improve students" ability in reading comprehension, and to know students" perception after learning reading by using crossword puzzle. The research took place in SMA N 5 ABDYA. The sample of this research were students of class XIIA1 as experimental class, and students of class XIIA 2 as control class. To collect the data, the writer conducted test, experimental teaching and questionnaire. Experimental teaching was done in five meetings, by giving one meeting for pre-test, three meetings for treatment, and one meeting for post-test. The result showed that there was a significant improvement on students" reading ability by using crossword puzzle. It was proved by the mean score of post-test in experimental is 75, while the mean score of post-test in control class is 60.25. It was also proved by determining hypothesis that tscore>ttable, the tscore of experimental class is 11.20, the tscore of control class is 5.25, while the ttable is 1.72. Even both of class showed significant increase on students" acievement, the tscore of experimental class was higher than tscore of control class. Furthermore, based on analysis of the questionnaire, most of students gave positive perception toward using crossword puzzle in learning reading comprehension.


Immune prevention,especially developing new effective vaccine,is important in preventing and controlling streptococcosis outbreak in tilapia.Currently,the developing sreptococcosis vaccines for tilapia include inactivated vaccine,attenuated vaccine,subunit vaccine,DNA vaccine,passive immunization vaccine,etc..However,the inoculating way,adjuvants,physiological status of fish and environment factors also have great impact on the effects of vaccine.The paper reviews the research progress on vaccines of streptococcosis in tilapia,so as to provide scientific solutions for the design and application of those vaccines.


This study integrates Bluetooth BLE, GPS, and 4G communication technologies to create a digital agricultural system based on the RT-Thread and Cloud platforms. The system compromises three major components, namely the gateway, the ear tag, and the cloud platform. The ear tag detects the target's movement steps, real-time body temperature, and battery level and transmits the data to the gateway via Bluetooth. The gateway receives Bluetooth data from numerous ear tags through the Bluetooth chip and then communicates with the Cloud platform for networking purposes. The system achieves digital farming with minimal power consumption, accomplishing all of the activities of a digital farm and meeting product-level requirements.


Soil moisture is one of the key parameters of land-atmosphere interaction, which affect the seasonal and interannual variations of the global and regional water cycle considerably. To find out a long-term trend of this parameter, a Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) algorithm is proposed in this paper by extending an Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) algorithm. A microwave brightness temperature which was obtained by SSM/I is calibrated to fill in gaps of models. Although there is disadvantage to estimate soil moisture using SSM/I data, accuracy equal to AMSR-E was obtained through an algorithm validation in the Mongolia reference site of the Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP), and a trend of this site was found out by applying the algorithm to the long-term SSM/I data.


Hydatid disease has been associated to anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions after ingestion of Anisakis simplex (As) parasitized seafood have been reported. Case report A woman, 58 years-old, presented several episodes of urticaria +/ -angioedema (U/Ae) without apparently relation with food or drugs. She was diagnosed in the first visit to our clinic of hepatic hydatidosis, based on serological and radiological findiags. During the surgery of the hydatic cyst she suffered an anaphylactic shock. After surgery she was asymptomatic during 1 year. Then, she consulted because other episode of anaphylaxis. Studies to look for a recurrence of the hydatid disease were performed with negative results. Two new eplsodes were again suffered. Seafood ingestion was referred in both episodes, so skin prick tests (SFT) and specific IgE to look for Anisakis simplex sensitization were performed, with positive result and negative to seafood. She had not had symptoms after avoiding seafood ingestion.


The aim of this research is development of rule based decision model for emotion recognition. This research also proposes using the rules for augmenting inter-corporal recognition accuracy in multimodal systems that use supervised learning techniques. The classifiers for such learning based recognition systems are susceptible to over fitting and only perform well on intra-corporal data. To overcome the limitation this research proposes using rule based model as an additional modality. The rules were developed using raw feature data from visual channel, based on human annotator agreement and existing studies that have attributed movement and postures to emotions. The outcome of the rule evaluations was combined during the decision phase of emotion recognition system. The results indicate rule based emotion recognition augment recognition accuracy of learning based systems and also provide better recognition rate across inter corpus emotion test data.


School Heads assume the ultimate obligation of accountability for student Academic excellence and teachers' performance in their institutions. The current Research exploration endeavored to analyze how the different leadership styles of school heads affect the performance of their teachers at public secondary schools in Multan. A descriptive research approach was employed in the current investigation. Data was collected using a questionnaire from a sample of four hundred and nineteen (419), including 187 male and 232 female teachers selected through stratified random sampling from secondary schools in the district of Multan, South Punjab, Pakistan. According to key highlighted observations of the study, Heads practiced all mixed leadership styles according to contextual requirements. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between teachers in terms of their professional and academic backgrounds or on the basis of their teaching experience. Moreover, according to manifested results, teachers' performance varied significantly according to their locations and gender. This study may help identify leadership approaches that inspire and empower teachers, leading to higher levels of productivity and overall job performance. Additionally, it is recommended that training for cultivating leadership styles that positively impact teacher performance be provided in educational institutions.


Using administrative data obtained from Queensland Corrective Services, we investigated the composition and sequencing of sex offender treatment and reintegration programs on recidivism outcomes. Outcomes were compared over an average of 4.8 years (SD = 29.20 months; range = 15 days to 9.25 years) on 2,407 adult males convicted of sexual offences and discharged from custody between 2010 and 2017. Controlling for risk, age, treatment location, and cultural heritage, those who completed a combination of preparatory programs, rehabilitation and reintegration programs were less likely to reoffend and had significantly better survival rates when they did reoffend, compared to those who did not complete—or partially completed—programs. However, reintegration programs, regardless of involvement with other correctional programming, also demonstrated success in reducing short-term recidivism. Combined, these findings indicate that the composition and sequencing of correctional programming likely plays an important role in enhancing outcomes and that engagement in reintegration programs post-incarceration may be pivotal to improving the outcomes for men convicted of sexual offences. Such sequencing, and program composition, warrants further investigation.


An accurate high-speed moving vehicle mark identification method based on video belongs to a calculation processing method adopting image and mode identification technology to realize vehicle detection and vehicle mark identification. The present invention mainly comprises five function modules, namely a video camera control module, a motion detection module, a vehicle snapshot module, a vehicle positioning module and a vehicle identification module. The present invention acquires a real-time video image through a camera system, judges whether a vehicle passes by processing the video image, judges the motion direction of the vehicle according to motion characteristics, segments a picture of the moving vehicle from an image sequence, positions a vehicle mark through vehicle texture features, and performs classification identification to a vehicle head mark or a vehicle back mark by utilizing vehicle mark features before and after. The present invention can solve the vehicle model and vehicle mark identification of high-speed running vehicles, especially the identification of vehicle back marks.


Bathou is the traditional religion of the Bodos.This paper attempts to study on the Bathou religion of the Bodos.. The main goals of this study are to explore the origin and philosophy of Bathouism, the socio- cultural significance and the role of its in Bodo society.Moreover,I will try to find out the cause of revising and giving new shape to the Bathouism. The Bodos belong to the Indo-Mongoloid family of Tibeto Burman stock of the Assam-Burmese group. They are one of the major tribes or tribals of Assam. It can be cited that their identity is not uniform as an ethnic group. Different names are used to designate them. In West Bengal and Nepal, they are known as Meches. It is believed that the Bodos first came from South-West China through Tibet and Burma. The date of migration from their original abode, namely North Western China, to this part of present India is debated and needs further research. The generic term "Bodo" was first applied by Hudson to all speaking group of Tibeto-Burman languages like Bodo or Boro of the Brahmaputra valley, 1 Meches of Lower Assam and west Bengal, Rabhas, Garos, Dimasas, Tipras, Lalungs, Sonowals, Hajongs, Deuris, Chutias and ohter tribes. The Bodos are living in a scattered manner throughout the North-Eastern region of India including some small Bodo pocket areas outside India in Nepal.Linguistically the Bodos include a large group of people who are the speakers of the Tibeto-Burman languages of the North and East Bengal, Assam and Burma. I. Bathouism as the traditional religion of the Bodos : The traditional religion of the Bodos is called Bathou which has been practiced since time immemorial in South East Asia. This religion is invaribaly linked up with and centred round the worship of Bathoubwrai or Sibwrai. i.e the supreme god of the Bodos. Hence it is known as Bathou religion. In the Bodo language, Ba means five and thou means "deep philosophical thought".These five elemenst are- Bar (Air), San (Sun), Ha (Earth), Or (Fire) and Okhrang (Sky). Hence, Bathou means five principles, significances which are mysterious: not easy to understand and feel without meditation. Amongst the follower of Bathou religion, God is known as the Bathou Bwrai. In Bodo language, the word Bwrai signifies the oldest or most elderly man in power and knowledge or the supreme in all respects. Therefore, he exclusively represents supreme soul, poromatma, who is omnipotent, omnicient,omnipresent. Fire can"t burn him, water can"t moisten, air can"t dry him and spear can"t pierce him. He is the illuminator of all earthly objects; He is the source of all knowledge and lights. He bestows us everything we need in this world. The creator of these five elements is called Bathou Bwrai or the God. After creating physical form of a man with the composite elements, he confers his spirit to inanimate body which displays as the totality of living beings body. So, Bathou is religion and philosophy that embodies the spirituality of the creator or the God. The followers of Bathou religion is spirituality through the prayers, offerings and sacrifices offered to the deities. Many scholars observe regarding the religion of the Bodos. According to Sindney Endle, "the religion of the Kachari race is distinctly of the type commonly known as animistic and its underlying principle is characteristically one of fear or dead. 2 " He again says in the same monograph-"in the typical Kachari Village as a rule neither idol nor place of worship is to be found; but to the Kachari mind and imagination earth, air and sky are alike people with a vast number of invisible spiritual beings. Known usually as mwdai, all possessing powers and faculties far greater than those of man. Mwdai is a Bodo word which means deity (God or Goddess) and should be mistaken for invisible spirits." 3


In this paper we will analyze one organization that takes part, since 2002, at the political and union level in the clothing industry in the current Argentin...


In accrodance with the results of the investigation of the coastal area which deploying artificial reef in Liuniu of Zhelin bay in Guangdong province in July 2009,analysis on the superiority of deploying artificial reef was carried out on hydrological and quality,benthic matter and biological environment etc.Compared with the comparison district,the area which intended to deploying artificial reef had obvious superiority,the velocity of seaflow was mild,when the reef was put into this areas,the impact of the sea currents was small and the stability of the artificial reef must be great.The sea diaphaneity of the area of deploying artificial reef was higher than the comparison area,suitable for the plankton and fouling organisms which can carry out photosynthesis on artificial reef growth.The planar distribution and vertical distribution of pH values in all stations were relatively uniform.The water quality had basically reached the GradeⅡ standard of Sea Water Quality Standard(GB-3097-1997).Types of surface sediments were mainly sand, clay-sandy silt,silty sand and clayey silt,substrate which the bedload has covered was hardness.It can weaken the wallop when the artificial reef sinking,and augment the stabilization.Stocking density and biological diversity of zooplankton,phytoplankton and benthic orgnaisms in the areas of deploying artificial reef were higher than the comparative area.Stocking density of the nektons and the number of the ichthyoplankton in the areas of deploying artificial reef was more than the comparative area too.The fishery resource of area which intended to deploying artificial reef was rich in the history,with no emission of wasted water,and did not make heavy pollution.So it's feasible to deploy artificial reef in this area.


We have recently demonstrated that amino acid region 323–331 of factor Va heavy chain (9 amino acids, AP4 ) contains a binding site for factor Xa (Kalafatis, M., and Beck, D. O. (2002) Biochemistry 41, 12715–12728). To ascertain which amino acids within this region are important for the effector and receptor properties of the cofactor with respect to factor Xa, we have synthesized three overlapping peptides (5 amino acids each) spanning the amino acid region 323–331 and tested them for their effect on prothrombinase complex assembly and function. Peptide containing amino acids EYFIA alone was found to increase the catalytic efficiency of factor Xa but had no effect on the fluorescent anisotropy of active site-labeled factor Xa (human factor Xa labeled in the active site with Oregon Green 488; [OG488]-EGRhXa). In contrast, peptide containing the sequence AAEEV was found to interact with [OG488]-EGRhXa with half-maximal saturation reached at 150 M, but it was unable to produce a cofactor effect on factor Xa. Peptide FIAAE inhibited prothrombinase activity and was able to partially decrease the fluorescent anisotropy of [OG488]-EGR-hXa but could not increase the catalytic efficiency of factor Xa with respect to prothrombin. A control peptide with the sequence FFFIA did not increase the catalytic efficiency of factor Xa, whereas a peptide with the sequence AAEMI was impaired in its capability to interact with [OG488]-EGRhXa. Two mutant recombinant factor Va molecules (Glu 3 Phe/Tyr 3 Phe, factor Va; Glu 3 Met/ Val 3 Ile, factor Va) showed impaired cofactor activity when used at limiting cofactor concentration, whereas the quadruple mutant (Glu 3 Phe/Tyr 3 Phe and Glu3Met/Val3 Ile, factor Va) had no cofactor activity under similar experimental conditions. Our data demonstrate that amino acid residues Glu, Tyr, Glu, and Val of factor Va heavy chain are critical for expression of factor Va cofactor activity.


The aim of this research is to improve the growth of vegetable planting through Plant Media Modifying in Hydroponic Planting Systems. This research is an experimental research by using a form of design randomized group (RAK) with 3 treatments and 3 different concentrations, and 3 controls with the same concentration. The experimental method is done with four repetitions. Thus the number of plants being studied is 48 sample. The results showed 3 models of Plant Media Modifying in hydroponic planting system that has been done in this study, overall appears giving contribution to increasing the growth of vegetable planting when compared with group controls. The combination of husked mixture and hull of rice appears the highest contribution, while the lowest contribution toward the growth of vegetable planting is shown through a mixture of husked charcoal and fern roots


Preface.1. Introduction.PART I: BASIC PRINCIPLES.2. Background to Groundwater Flow.3. Recharge due to Precipitation or Irrigation.4. Interaction between Surface Water and Groundwater.PART II: RADIAL FLOW.5. Radial Flow to Pumped Boreholes - Fundamental Issues.6. Large Diameter Wells.7. Radial Flow where Vertical Components of Flow are Significant.8. Practical Issues of Interpretation and Assessing Resources.PART III: REGIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW.9. Regional Groundwater Studies in which Transmissivity is Effectively Constant.10. Regional Groundwater Flow in Multi-Aquifer Systems.11. Regional Groundwater Flow with Hydraulic Conductivity Varying with Saturated Thickness.12. Numerical Modelling Insights.Appendix: Computer Program for Two-zone Model.List of Symbols.References.Index.


WASH I NGTON. July 19 (AP)(AP)-Jan Rnd7.utak, who next g;Jve the gypsies 500 '~O bills and ,The fruit growet's emergency In to Josep b Stalin is the most in· waM given In return a money belt Florida gulned the attention today fluential pol itical figul'e in !:IOV· in which lhe currency wa~ supof President Heover and the newly , R ' t d t t d tb t 't )losedly I'eposlng, He slrapped It organized rederal farm board_ let nSSla, 0 ay 1:1 a e a 1 S about his waist and. also according , , f The board for the first time government had no mtentIon 0 to directions. spl'lnkled hhnselt wllh lUI ned aside (rom Its task Of organdeclaring war on China. His btate· "mdglc liquid" furnIshed by the lzallon to hear an appeal for relle! ment was made to Amcrican COl" gypsies, (rom the FlorldlallfJ, Chairman I h h FOI' two days, Gloat gloated In Legge Indlcaled at the c lose of the responc en ts W 0 ave accom pasllence, Then he opened lhe money , d A' t day lhat serlouH conslderallon was me the prcsent m rlCan our belt and found, not the 1.000 '20 being given the caso. h ere, bills he was lold would l'esl there, Mr, Hoover an nounced he would lIe drclarcd that Russia but numerous folded pieces of wl'aprecommend to congress an apth ht th TT 11 t .. ping paper, proprlallon to meet the com. to tho oug e 1\.(' ogg pac mol'" Then It was that GI"at moaned, . f fl'ult growers of crops which were preCiolls than .the los!; 0 even I He told his story to Hherlff Alva desto'oyed by fedel'al and stale $10,000,000 invo lved :tn the A, Roberlson and County Attorney agencies In the dl'lve fOI' extel,mlna· seiZ1Jl'c of the Chine~c Eastl!l'n lI1ol'tin lII, Cooney of Fayette coun· tion of Ihe fruit fly, '1'hI8 appro, ty, They told It when they arrived I tl 111 b I th 11110 s b t raIlway. hel'e today seeking the gypsies, PI' a on wen 0 m n U Just how much It wlll amount to The soviet governm nt is ready has not been determined , to send or to rceciyc officiul or l'alluro Of several Flolida banks 11l1Official commi ,ions on equal R 'I d Str'k appears to have added to the woes terms to dlscu~s ail condltlon8 of recal roa 1 e oC the Florida citrus Industry and ognilioll by ellhel' the United StateH because of thell' situation, the farm or Oreal I:)rltaln. he sold, and dlsTh . I board heard lhe pl!!a of the fi'Jorlclos d that the IIltler government 11.1· reatens In owa dlons for II. share In lho $150,000,000 ready had offered I'eestabllshmellt' of fund available fOl' loans to coopera· normal dlplomRtlc and trade rplRlive marketing agencies, lion., on certaIn condillons" The M. & St. L. Shop men Senatori Connally. democrat, Russian government had not yet fOI'Texas. also appeared betore the mulatect Its reply, Brltlsh recognlin Nearby States board today and suggested consld, lion would nol neeessal'ly. he thought. lId d erallon of the colton situation, Influ nce lhe Amel'ican Ilttltude, A so Inc u e Legge and Vice Chairman Stono 1"'I' I>ared to SeUle I}ebt ('alled al the white house to Inform HI. government was prepared, he MARSHALLTOWN', .July 19 (A Pl President Hoover of the board'" said, to "eWe the $187,000,000 debl --.POHHlbillty of a strike arfeclhlg opera lions dUI'lng the week, Thel' of thp laIc )(eo-cnHky govel'nment elth1.100 mil road .hopmell In Iown a d said the visit was prom pled by the er In money, goods 01' by lease of con, Illinois loomed lonlghl when ma"e deparlur ot lhe president for his cessions. lIe lJellc\'ed some practical meeting of ~hop craft laborers were ~\'eek-end fishing trip 10 his lo~e fnrmllla to settle lhe deht could be held here und al Ft, Dodge, Strike In Vlo'glnla, IOUlld, The sevlet f:'ovcrnment tlOCA ballols ",el'e spread at euch meellng It \VIIS announced lhat Chairman not I'ecognlze, howevel', ilel)ts of the and II waH said that II HlmU I' me~t, Legltc, Carl 'WIllJao'lll. representing c.nrl~l gO"el'nnt~nt Oil l'u'ln('I))le , Inlt would be caliI'll In otMl' CIUE'H, Cotton. C, C. TeaguE'. l'l'preHcnl1l.The soltlng and clt'cumlltance. of The .to'ike would nrCecl "hopmen tlve of tmlt, nnd Chris L, Christen· the Intco'vlew, one or the Co'anl<eHl .\lld working for lhe 1\1 , and St. L, railway s('n, secretal'Y. would attend the mosl direct ever given by any mem In Mal'8halllown, MUHon City, 1"t, meellng of lhe Amorlcan Inslltute bel' of lhe govcl'nment of lhe comDodge, Oskaloosa, and DrH 1I1olneH; or cooperation to be held at Baton munlsl slale, were lotally unlike those 1I1ln~HPolls and Albert Lea, Mlnn ,: Reuge. Ln,. July 29, Word al~o encountered by the corre~pondents Peoria and lIfonmouth, III.. and came from the department oC agrl· In the United Slatcs, \Va tel'town, S.D, culture that Secretary Hyde would NlnNeen newspapermen wel'C Labor men ~ay lhat lhp reason for altend, mal'shalled In red Mquar by Alexan, the trouble lips In the l'efUtllll of the Mr, ChrlstenRen announced that del' Gumberg of lhe Chasc Nallonal company to mc!!t with tt committee a:l appointments In the board's or. bank and Leonid Sel'ebl'lal<ofC, n.~KI"of workmen to l'('adJust the working ganlml10n would bl) under civil lant commles:II' of railroads, and eS-1 agl'cement put Inlo ef(cet "ftel' the sCI'vlce. corled past guards who Htood with general railroad Ktrlke In In3, • drawn bayonets lhrough th gates of 'rho Immediate cnUKC or the spread, lhe Kremlin. Russia's holy of holies, Ing of the ballots Is Mid to be the Convicted Slayer with only lhelr pencils and pens as preRence here of a group of rcp're' counter weapons, Rentutlves of organ ized labor headed Dies in Electric ReI'eives Coro'eSlloudcnts by C, J , McG loga n Of I:lt. Paul, Inter, Here, In ono of the COI'I1Ier palaccs national vlce')ll'esldenl of the electrl, Chair in Columbu. of the czar's. lho correspondenls cal wOl'kers, [[nrl Including J, f. Patround a smiling, soft spoken, alcl'l, lerson o( Kansa~ Cily, vlce 'presldenl keen minded man of 42 years. ready of lhe ",II'emen'8 union; Paul C, Ru)" to "peak 10 tbem, This was Hud, brochl of Green Bay, \l'1~ ,; 'W, A, zulak, commissal' or ways and comPOl'mnto of St, P (.ul, and J, T, Pew, munlcallollg and a membco' or the leI'S, Inlernatlonal rcpreMenlallvc [01' soviet political hierarchy known as the ntllway carmen, the 1)1011 burfill u, fie Is also vice· According 10 one of these mon, the presldenl of tho council Of commls' undel'lylng "eason for tho taking of sal's. a strike vote Is an erfort to force the While the Americans fired 'li,esM, and St. L, 10 recognize lho shOll lions at their pallent and accomodutCrafl8 union Instead of tho so,calied Ing ommissar fOl' lwo hours, lhcy "company union ," pll.rtook of caviaI' sandwiches , co[[ee No Increase In pay Is sought, and and clgal'eltes pl'ovlded by lhelr evcr the lraln co'ews o.re unaffected, hospllable Russian hosts, Symbols The ballots thaI have bnen dlstrlb, of Russia's past and orosenl were uted o.re relurnable to John H , ~-Il vlsll)le , 'flll'ough the roalnce wln(loW8 son of St. PauT, Alg, 1. Arlel' that could be seen under the glistening dale, should the strike bo votcd. the rays of lhe sun tI,P gold domed church geneml commlltee of the wOI'k rS 11'111 In which the c • .ar !tnd his {nmlly had meet 10 set a dnte for the slrlke, worshlllllCd and beyond were the m 'lchine guns and CRnnon wllh which the sovlel com missal's would be de, f."ded In event of an a~sa.ull on lhe Kremlin , .',,'olve Large Loss Rurlzutak estimated that lhe suspension of t1'8de relutlons with China and the seizure by China of Ihe Russian Interests In the Mnnchul'lan railways would inVOlve a 1088 of between ,5,000.000 and $10.000.000, He declared. however, lhat Rus"la though t Ihe Kellogg pucl, to which It Is a slgn310ry. of much gl'rater value, Yacht Reported Wrecked


The goal of this paper is to evaluate the effect of ATM network cell loss on the playback quality of transmitted MPEG video. The MPEG format and its susceptibility to data corruption is analyzed to calculate a theoretical statistical data corruption per cell loss measure. Experiments are run using an ATM network simulator with actual MPEG video to measure the effect of cell loss rate and burstiness of losses on resulting playback picture quality. Empirical results of visual information loss rates are presented, and a Human Factors study evaluates viewers' subjective satisfaction of resulting picture quality. Results indicate that video quality degrades rapidly as cell loss rate increases, and a 0.1% loss rate provides an effective cut-off point of playback acceptability.


Background —Increasing sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca 2 (cid:1) -ATPase (SERCA) uptake activity is a promising therapeutic approach for heart failure. We investigated the effects of different levels of SERCA1a expression on contractility and Ca 2 (cid:1) cycling. We tested whether increased SERCA1a expression levels enhance myocyte contractility in a gene-dose–dependent manner. Methods and Results —Rabbit isolated cardiomyocytes were transfected at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) with adenoviruses encoding SERCA1a (or (cid:1) -galactosidase as control). Myocyte relaxation half-time was decreased by 10% ( P (cid:2) 0.052) at SERCA1a MOI 10 and by 28% at MOI 50 ( P (cid:3) 0.05). Myocyte fractional shortening was increased by 12% at MOI 10 ( P (cid:3) 0.05) but surprisingly decreased at MOI 50 ( (cid:4) 22%, P (cid:3) 0.05) versus control. SR Ca 2 (cid:1) uptake (in permeabilized myocytes) demonstrated a gene-dose–dependent decrease in K m by 29% and 46% and an increase in V max by 37% and 72% at MOI 10 and MOI 50, respectively (all P (cid:3) 0.05 versus control). Ca 2 (cid:1) transient amplitude was increased in Ad-SERCA1a–infected myocytes at MOI 10 (by 121%, P (cid:3) 0.05), but at MOI 50, the Ca 2 (cid:1) transient amplitude was not significantly changed. Caffeine-induced Ca 2 (cid:1) transients indicated significantly increased SR Ca 2 (cid:1) content in Ad-SERCA1a–infected cells, by 72% at MOI 10 and by 87% at MOI 50. Mathematical simulations demonstrate that the functional increase in SR Ca 2 (cid:1) -ATPase uptake activity at MOI 50 (and increased cytosolic Ca 2 (cid:1) buffering) is sufficient to curtail the Ca 2 (cid:1) transient amplitude and explain the reduced contraction. Conclusions —Moderate SERCA1a gene transfer and expression improve contractility and Ca 2 (cid:1) cycling. However, higher SERCA1a expression levels can impair myocyte shortening because of higher SERCA activity and Ca 2 (cid:1) buffering. Circulation 2004;110:3553-3559.) Data are presented as mean (cid:7) SEM based on the number of animals (ie, number of transfections) to allow the comparison of the Ca 2 (cid:1) uptake characteristics from cell aggregates. The number of cells was used to compare contractility and [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] i measurements; the number of animals (ie, transfections) is also reported. Statistical analysis used paired Student t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test as appropriate. A value of P (cid:3) 0.05 was considered significant. Details of all aspects of the techniques used in this study are given in the online-only Data Supplement.


The aim of the present paper is to find an optimum speed control hump geometric design by using the sequential quadratic programming method. Theoretical investigation of the dynamic behavior of the driver body components and the vehicle due to crossing speed control humps is presented. The vehicle–driver system represented as a mathematical model consists of 12 degrees of freedom (DOF). Seven DOFs are used for the human body model in the heave mode and the rest are for the vehicle body, suspension system and tires. An optimum design method for the hump geometry is proposed to reduce the excessive shocks experienced by drivers when crossing the hump below the speed limit, while being unpleasant when going over the speed limit. The pleasant or unpleasant ride, or what is called comfort criteria (CC), is modeled by calculating the driver's head acceleration. In this regard, the geometry of the hump will be controlled to match an optimum practical shape that can be implemented economically. Three types of humps are discussed and evaluated in the optimization technique. These humps are Watts, flat-topped and polynomial humps. For Watts and flat-topped humps, different rise and return profiles which are used as design variables, are sinusoidal, harmonic, cycloidal, circular and modified harmonic. The global design was selected from 42 optimal designs which are found by combining different rise/return profiles for the three types of humps. The effect of special cases such as symmetrical roads, design limitations, CC, critical speed (CS) and system parametric variations on the optimal design of speed control humps are presented at the end of this paper.


In the influnce study from perceptible to imperceptible,大塚幸男not only considers "real influece" to be "creative excitement",but also sorts out the complicated influece into portable "items".He stresses that the aesthetic value judgment is quite different form the traditional influece study.


The invention discloses a high receiving rate joint crystallizing method of fructose, mannitol and sorbitol, which comprises the following steps: enzymolyzing starch into glucose; transmitting glucose into fructose through glucose isomerase; separating fructose from glucose through analoging mobile bed; obtaining the component with rich fructose and glucose; crystallizing the fructose; transmitting glucose into mannitol under acid condition based on molybdate as catalyst; separating the mannitol from glucose; blending glucose component and glucose mother liquid to saccharify; combining the glucose component; repeating the epimerism reaction; combining the mannitol and crystallized fructose mother liquid; hydrogenating; obtaining the composite alcohol solution with mannitol and sorbitol; crystallizing; refining to obtain the mannitol crystal.


This article deals with teaching Mathematics in all levels of higher education: from Institute of Pre-Higher Education to Master`s Programs. The author discusses the problems of the United State Exam, central testing and permanent training.


AlCoY alloys were suction cast under identical conditions into a wedge-shaped copper mold for investigating the compositional dependence of glass-forming ability (GFA). The optimal glass-forming composition was determined to be Al89Co5.5Y5.5, whose Al content is evidently larger than the findings of the optimal glass formers in other AlTMY alloy systems. A reason is that Co-centered clusters tend to share vertexes and edges rather than faces with the surrounding clusters in AlCoY amorphous alloy, and more Al atoms are required. When Al89Co5.5Y5.5 amorphous alloy and its neighbors were isochronally annealed in a differential scanning calorimeter, no glass transition could be observed and the primary crystallization phase was invariably fcc-Al. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2018177]


The access time for the use of an electronic device, for example, a chip is prolonged after every unauthorised access attempt. The access time is determined by the time required for the inception voltages of the two floating gate cells to match. Prior to an access attempt, the inception voltage of one cell is set to a predetermined output value and the inception voltage of the other cell is set to a higher value which increases after every unauthorised access attempt.


Nanotechnology involves the engineering of molecularly precise structures and, ultimately, molecular machines. BCC Research [1] estimated the global market for nanotools and nanodevices was $1.5 billion in 2006 and projected to reach $8.6 billion by 2011, rapidly gaining on the slower-growing nanomaterials market, which is estimated at $9.0 billion (2006) and $16.6 billion (2011). As distinct from nanoscale materials and today's simple nanotools and nanodevices having nanoscale features, molecular nanotechnology encompasses the concept of engineering functional machine systems at the molecular scale—including mechanical systems designed and built to atomic precision. Molecular manufacturing (Section 14.4) would make use of positionally controlled mechanosynthesis (mechanically-mediated chemistry) guided by molecular machine systems to build complex products, including additional nanomachines. Nanomedicine [2, 3] is the application of nanotechnology to medicine: the preservation and improvement of human health, using molecular tools and molecular knowledge of the human body. Nanomedicine encompasses at least three types of molecularly precise structures [4]—nonbiological nanomaterials, biotechnology materials and engineered organisms, and nonbiological devices including diamondoid nanorobotics. In the near term, the molecular tools of nanomedicine will employ biologically active nanomaterials and nanoparticles having well-defined nanoscale features. In the midterm (5–10 years), knowledge gained from genomics and proteomics will make possible new treatments tailored to specific individuals, new drugs targeting pathogens whose genomes have been decoded, and stem cell treatments. Genetic therapies, tissue engineering, and many other offshoots of biotechnology will become more common in therapeutic medical practice. We also may see biological robots derived from bacteria or other motile cells that have had their genomes reengineered and reprogrammed, along with artificial organic devices that incorporate biological motors or self-assembled DNA-based structures for a variety of useful medical purposes. In the farther term (2020s and beyond), the first fruits of medical nanorobotics—the most powerful of the three classes of nanomedicine technology, though clinically the most distant and still mostly theoretical today–should begin to appear in the medical field. Nanotechnologists will learn how to build nanoscale


Abstract Italy, which has been defined as a quasi-religious monopoly, is experiencing an increase in religious diversity in the last decades, mainly due to the growing presence of immigration-related religious minorities. As in other countries, in Italy too faith-based as well as secular schools have become a central place for managing religious diversity. In this article, we firstly record on religious diversity in Italian schools and how it is dealt with, showing the primary role of Catholicism in handling religious diversity. Then, we present an overview of Italian faith-based schools, and we focus on how Islam faith- based schools struggle to find a place in the Italian system of education. The results show the quasi-absence of non-Catholic faith-based schools and the strong suspicion against schools based on faiths other than Catholicism. Hence, we argue that actors related to the Catholic Church are in charge of dealing with religious diversity in secular and faith-based schools.


Objective: To assess the anthropometric variables of women who had normal labour and to document the relationship between shoe size and other anthropometric variables.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 307 women who had normal labour at Mile 4 Hospital, Abakaliki, between January 2013 and January 2015. Information on sociodemographic characteristics was obtained. Shoe sizes were measured using the Genuine Brannock Device. The relationship between the shoe size and other variables were assessed using linear regression models.Results: Their mean age was 27.7 + 3.7 years. The mean height was 1.58 + 0.35 and mean weight was 65.37 + 10.31kg. The mean waist circumference of the study population was 37.19 + 3.34cm. The mean chest circumference of the subjects was 37.75 + 3.10cm. Their mean shoe size was 7.86 + 1.26. There was a positive correlation between shoe size and other anthropometric variables.Conclusion: This study showed a positive correlation between shoe size and other anthropometric variables (height, weight, chest circumference and waist circumference) among women who had normal labour. Hence shoe size may be a useful predictor for normal labour.


Under strictly anoxic conditions (in addition to nitrogen protection without cystamine) cystamines offer additional protection to E. coli B and B/r. Cystamine and Na/sub 2/S/sub 2/O/sub 4/ do not give additional protection (experiments with E. coli B) under identical conditions. The cysteamine protection is not limited to participation in the oxygen effect, but offers other protective mechanisms. Oxygen concentrations less than 0.003% produce no radiosensitizing effects on E. coli. (R.V.J.)


The kinetics of the isothermal polymerization of acrylic acid were determined utilizing 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The polymerization rate was observed to depend approximately on the power of monomer and the power of sodium persulfate concentration. This is consistent with a model in which the rate of initiation is itself dependent on the monomer concentration. The polymerization rate was also observed to have a strong dependence on percent neutralization, decreasing with increasing level of neutralization up to 75 to 100% neutralization, and then increasing again. The activation energy for the rate of polymerization was between 9 and 13 kcal/mol except for 100% neutralized acrylic acid, which had an activation energy of 18 kcal/mol. These data suggest that a transition in mechanism occurred at 100% neutralization. Increasing the ionic strength by the addition of sodium chloride also increased the rate. The dependence of the molecular weight on the above variables was also quantified for use in the model. It decreased with increasing conversion, decreasing ionic strength and increasing initiator. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35: 2029–2047, 1997


Current our country administration litigation accused of proof standard is fair allotment principle that a kind of standard, this kind of proof standard hasn't agreed with to match the proof duty, this text think the standard inequity in a proof the performance for an anti from the certain power case in land administration, because of with establish the standard necessity in two proofs.


Survey of suspension height is to provide prism at bottom of target point for distance surveying,then the vertical angle of the target point is surveyed.Finally,the elevation(height) of the target point is calculated.Provided that the prism cannot be provided at bottom of the target point,survey of suspension height cannot be executed.In this paper,a new method for survey of suspension height,calculating principle and formula are introduced.This solves the above-mentioned issue as expected.Meanwhile,attentions in practical survey operation are discussed.


The decomposition of almost fully reacted (Bi, Pb)_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_ x (BSCCO-2223) tapes caused by heating in 1 atm of pure O_2 at 825 °C has been studied. It was found that partially decomposing 2223 tapes to a mixture of Bi_2Sr_2Ca_1Cu_2O_ y , (Ca, Sr)_2PbO_4, and other secondary phases reduced the critical current density (77 K, 0 T) from ∼20 kA/cm^2 to nearly zero. Reheating the tapes in 7.5% O_2 restored the 2223 phase and, while there was some degradation of the 2223 grain alignment due to residual secondary phase growth, the critical current density was also restored to nearly its original value. We hypothesize that such a decomposition/reformation process can be useful in increasing the connectivity and relative density of polycrystalline 2223, by encouraging the formation of a liquid phase which heals residual cracks in the BSCCO core.