Abstract This paper addresses the problem of students coming to tutorials not having done the assigned reading. It reviews three approaches to promote student reading and addresses why they failed. It then presents the results of a survey with one tutorial group that explores students' motivations to prepare for tutorials. Drawing on the students' responses and the literature on cooperative learning, the paper concludes with suggestions for ways to encourage reading and interdependent learning by building a sense of community among the students.


PURPOSE: To securely prevent operational error by providing a plurality of digital sensors for determining angular position of rotation of a gear selection shaft rotatable by a stepping motor of an automatic transmission and replacing gear selection lever operation with a pair of electrical actuators. CONSTITUTION: A first shaft 12 of a stepping motor 11 is connected to a gear selection shaft 13 entering an automatic transmission 14, the stepping motor 11 being controlled by an electronic processing unit 15 electrically connected to a speed measuring unit 17, electrical actuators 19, 20, etc. A first sector brace 21 facing a second brace 23 fixed on a stationary side is fastened to a second shaft 22 of the stepping motor 11. A plurality of magnets A-F which respond to magnet sensors 24-28 on the second brace 23 are arranged on the brace 21, the output signals from the magnet sensors 24-28 being input to the electronic processing unit 15. The magnet A-F are arranged corresponding to various gear positions the automatic transmission 14 can take.


Recent work on Knowledge Representation has brought new interest to Propositional Dynamic Logics PDL s by pointing out a tight correspondence between these logics and logics for representing structured knowledge Description Logics TerminologicalLanguages Nevertheless this work has also made apparent the lack in the known PDL s of certain constructs needed to fully exploit the correspondence These are constructs to locally wrt single states constrain the running of an atomic program or its converse the running of the atomic program backward to be deterministic or to have a speci ed amount of nondeterminism only In fact we believe that PDL s can take advantage of this kind of constructs to model many interesting properties of actual computations In this paper we extend Converse PDL rst by including a construct for local determinism of simple programs either an atomic program or the converse of an atomic program and then by including constructs for graded nondeterminism of simple programs The latter locally constrain the nondeterminism of simple programs by limiting the minimum and the maximum number of states satisfying a speci ed property that are reachable by the running of a simple program from a certain state The main result of the paper is that both the resulting logics are strictly more expressive than Converse Deterministic PDL Converse PDL where all atomic programs are interpreted as partial functions but still decidable in deterministic exponential time


A. Eggert, R.J.W. Visser, P.R. Van Hasselt and A.M. Breeman. 2006. Differences in acclimation potential of photosynthesis in seven isolates of the tropical to warm temperate macrophyte Valonia utricularis (Chlorophyta). Phycologia 45: 546–556. DOI: 10.2216/05-03.1 The potential to acclimate photosynthesis to sub- and supra-optimal temperatures was investigated in seven isolates of Valonia utricularis (Roth) C. Agardh, a green macrophyte with a tropical to warm-temperate distribution. Photosynthesis–light response curves were obtained by measuring chlorophyll a fluorescence characteristics of algae grown at optimal (25°C), sub- and supra-optimal temperatures. Suboptimal temperatures were chosen to support 30% of the maximum relative growth rate in each isolate. Thermal acclimation was investigated by comparing short-term and long-term temperature effects on the initial rate of increase of the relative electron transport rate (rETR) and the maximum rETR under light-saturating conditions. Isolates from the northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean all showed a strong potential to acclimate maximum rETR to suboptimal growth temperatures, i.e. short-term temperature effects were diminished after acclimation. However, photoinhibition, measured as a decrease of the maximal quantum yield (Fv/Fm), was found when plants were grown at 30°C. The isolates reduced light harvesting at 30°C by decreasing total chlorophyll content and by increasing the chlorophyll a/b ratio. Up-regulation of photoprotective processes by the xanthophyll cycle pigments was not observed. In contrast, isolates from the Indo-west Pacific were unable to acclimate photosynthesis to suboptimal growth temperatures and these temperatures were strongly photoinhibiting, even though adjustments on the pigment level were observed. All Indo-west Pacific isolates reached comparable maximum rETR values at 30° and 25°C. Thus, the Atlantic/Mediterranean isolates had a stronger potential to acclimate photosynthetic rates at suboptimal growth temperatures compared to the Indo-west Pacific isolates, which was accompanied by losses at 30°C. The results are discussed in a biogeographical context.


In my personal review, cleft palate treatment has entered a new era of evidence-based practice, and society is demanding that clinicians deliver treatment that has been proven to be cost-effective. Although randomized clinical trials in cleft palate have never been performed, there is still excellent evidence from serial studies starting at birth that can be translated into clinical practice. This information will provide evidence for establishing public health policy and treatment planning to maximize good long-term outcome at reduced state and parent costs. The following information describes the essence of how team care should be given by trained and knowledgeable specialists who come together to supply appropriate care in all physical and emotional areas.


Recently, several studies have been carried in order to determine potential capabilities of BGO scintillator crystals coupled to SiPM photosensor devices for PET and SPECT applications. The prior studies have been typically done on small size BGO samples. Despite the fact that timing capabilities for devices based on BGO are worse than those based in commonly used fast scintillators, such as LYSO and LSO, the price of BGO material is considerably lower and, thus, BGO could be an option for systems where the required scintillator volume is significantly higher. In this report we present results of further studies using 12×12 SiPM arrays of the 3 mm C-Series SensL sensors, placed at a pitch of 4.2 mm, and coupled to the readout recording the 12 row and 12 column SiPM array signals. Two types of pixellated BGO crystals were tested: an array of 10×10 elements with 2.5 mm pitch and 10 mm thickness and an array of 30×30 pixels with 1.67 mm pitch but only 3 mm thick. A staggered depth-of-interaction (DOI) configuration was also evaluated using two layers of 2.5 mm pitch BGO pixels, with 10×10 (top) and 11×11 (bottom) elements with a total thickness of 20 mm. An energy resolution as good as 12% FWHM has been obtained. Our new results confirm that either single layer crystal arrays with pitch values as low as 1.67 mm or two staggered layers of 2.5 mm pitch could be well suited for PET applications, especially for large systems or low cost dedicated PET systems.


Objective To evaluate the effect that WHR on the platelet aggregation rate in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction( STEMI) patients after percutaneous coronary artery stent implantation. Methods 141 patients were chosen after stent implantation. According to their waist circumference,hip circumference,waist- hip ratio,all this patients were administrated to normal group,mild central obesity group and severely central obesity group. The platelet aggregation rate induced by ADP was analyzed by turbidimetry in postoperative morning. The platelet aggregation rate of the three groups was compared. Results The rate of platelet aggregation in patients increased with the increasing waist- hip ratio( P 0. 05). Partial correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between waist- hip ratio and platelet aggregation rate( correlation coefficient 0. 333,P 0. 05). Correspondence factor analysis showed that male WHR ≥ 1,female WHR ≥ 0. 95 corresponded to the platelet aggregation rate more than fifly percent,i. e. clopidogrel resistance.Conclusion Waist- hip ratio is positive correlation with platelet aggregation rate of STEMI patients who have taken clopidogrel. When WHR ≥ 1 in male patients and WHR ≥ 0. 95 female patients,it should be considered increasing the dosage of clopidogrel to inhibit the excessive platelet function.


Objectives. This study is to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients with 3 most common cancers (colon, stomach, lung) in an effort to provide basic data useful in establishing effective policies for preventing cancers. Methods. For this aim, a total of 1,298 cases were used as final data for our analysis, selected fran among the cancer patients who were hospitalized and diagnosed by the 3rd referral medical institutions in the city of Jeonju, Jeonbuk province during 2005. This study encoded the data gathered and carried out frequency analysis, Correlation analysis, X2-test, logistic regression using SPSS v13.0 statistics program. Result. (1) The highest distribution of 3 most common cancers is colon cancer(45.8%), stomach cancer(36.9%), lung cancer(17.3%). (2) There was difference in the correlation of between each cancer by sociodemographic characteristics(age, sex, occupation, residential area). (3) 3 most common cancers by sociodemographic characteristics was statistically significantly different according to every selected variable. (4) The patients with colon cancer were significantly affected by age, occupation, residential area. The patients with stomach cancer were significantly affected by occupation. And the patients with lung cancer were significantly affected by age, occupation, residential area. Conclusions. It is therefore desirable to conduct further depth studies on sociodemographic characteristics that are most responsible to frequently cancers. The government should place priority on translational researches to be performed in comprehensive cooperation among scientists and even policy makers in connection with cancer research. In this connection, wide-scope strategies should be prepared to install the national management system for prevention, diagnosis, treatment and research of cancer as well as to expand human and material infrastructure. And, precise field epidemiology should be conducted to determine the cause of diseases in a bid to prevent cancer outbreak. For this purpose, it is urgent to reorganize not only the project of cancer patient registration that has already been initiated by large hospitals but also registration project of cancer in proportion to population. It may be possible to get rid of threatening from cancer, extend life expectancy and cure cancer completely only when the suggestions mentioned above can be realized.


Nicholas Albergo, P.E., DEE is the Chairman and CEO of HSA Engineers & Scientists, a 260 person environmental and engineering consulting firm with ten offices located throughout the southeast United States. He was one of the primary authors of the ASTM E 1527 Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments. Currently, he serves as the E50.02 Vice Chair ASTM Committee on Environmental Assessment Standards and the technical committee Chairperson revising the ASTM E 1903 Phase II Standard. Beyond his distinction of being one of only eight trainers paid by ASTM to teach the Standards throughout the U.S. and abroad, he also served on both the ASTM and National Groundwater Association Brownfield's Task Groups assisting the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in the development of the new 40 CFR Part 312 Standards and Practices for All Appropriate Inquiries. He is routinely invited to speak at various academic, public interest, and corporate seminars on environmental issues. He has chaired several scientific conferences, served on expert advisory Boards, and has over 180 technical publications to his credit.


In this paper, we analyze the sensitivity of handover initiation algorithm to path loss exponent. The effect of the propagating model parameters on both the mean number of handovers, and handover initiation delay are investigated. The algorithm is based on signal strength measurements using relative signal strength with hysteresis margin approach. The mean number of handovers is estimated for a single trip of mobile station from one base station to another, henceforth referred to as handover rate. Different path loss exponents varying from 2 to 8 are used for the simulation and the corresponding impact on handover rate and delay was studied. It is observed that handover rate depends on the path loss exponent. In a nonuniform environment, path loss parameters may be different and a given handover scheme cannot give optimum results consistently in the entire cellular network. A variable hysteresis margin based scheme for optimum handover performance under different propagation environments is proposed. The simulation results yield optimized tradeoff between handover rate and handover initiation delay.


Contextualization: The advances related to cancer diagnosis and treatment reflected in the increase of survival and chance of cure; however, more aggressive treatments can lead to clinical complications leading to the need for admission to an intensive care unit. Aim: To analyze possible associations between clinical variables and the nursing workload compared to patients in an Oncology Intensive Care Unit. Method: This was a prospective cohort study carried out at an ICU of the National Reference Institute for Oncology from September to December 2016. Demographic and clinical data were collected and the workload measurement was performed through the Nursing Activities Score (NAS). Descriptive statistics and association tests were performed to treat the data, considering p ˂ 0.05 of significance and 95% of confidence. Result: The sample consisted of 55 patients. There was no predominance in relation to the sex of the patients, and 50.91% were female. The mean age of patients admitted to the ICU was 55.1 years (SD = 16.78) and the mean length of stay was of 13.63 days (SD = 11.51). The ICC presents an average of 3.95 points and the average KPS of 27%. The majority of the patients (32.73%) were referred by the infirmary/hospitalization units. A predominance of 85.45% of non-palliative and 14.55% of palliative patients is predominant. Overall gross ICU mortality during the study was 34.55%. The overall workload found (79.04%) corresponds to 18 hours and 57 minutes of assistance to each patient in 24 hours, exceeding the time of care indicated by the Federal Nursing Council resolution 543/2017, which states that 18 hours of nursing per patient are needed in 24 hours of intensive care. On the first day of hospitalization NAS was of 93.57% (SD=15.11). The NAS mean for the patients' hospital discharge status was divided into survivors and non-survivors, respectively, presenting a NAS of 74.19% (SD=11.54) and 126.64% (SD=17.62). Only the KPS and ICU discharge status were associated with the nursing workload (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Oncology patients admitted to the ICU presented a high workload compared to non-oncologic ICUs. However, it was lower when compared to another study performed in another oncologic ICU.


Abstract : A study of the effects of cell temperature and pressure on anode polarization was achieved in this paper. A Langmuir and Temkin isotherm was used to study the CO adsorption equilibrium and the Heyrowski-Volmer mechanism for H2 oxidation on a Pt/Ru-C catalyst. The anode overpotential curves were separated into four regions so that the adsorption rate constant for H2 on Pt/Ru-C alloy could be determined. This separation allowed for the generation of a CO isotherm and it provided Langmuir parameters to describe the CO adsorption equilibrium as a function of temperature and pressure.


Article is devoted to research of problems of interaction of bodies of prosecutor's office with «legal clinics» at realization of right educational function. Now the federal legislation didn't regulate activities of prosecutor's office for legal education, a legal explanation, the main moment are reflected only in orders of the General prosecutor of the Russian Federation. However practice more and more various methods and forms of participation of prosecutor's office in formation of sense of justice of citizens, including in interaction with «legal clinics» are formed and take root. The double role of prosecutor's office is traced: on the one hand she is the subject of rendering of a free legal aid, and with another carries out supervision of performance of laws in the field of providing citizens with a free legal aid.


Based on the former research achievements,the structure,processes and relationships of knowledge transfer system both in macro and micro areas,the scientific and effective management mechanisms were proposed contrarily,and an example of Microsoft corporation was analyzed. The paper may provide the references to the MNCs for their knowledge transfer practices.


Purpose – Scholarship on women in engineering education mainly focuses on the question of how to attract more women to this subject. The topic concerning women in engineering education is here guided by the question of why women leave engineering studies. The paper aims to examine the main conflicts women encounter in engineering education and to derive implications for interventions suited for strengthening institutional bonding forces.Design/methodology/approach – The question is approached through case analyses of 40 interviews with women and men (as the control group) who have left their studies. In addition, repertory grids were carried out with all interviewees and analysed. On the basis of these analyses, five types of dropout could be defined. Two case studies with women are presented in detail in this article. These cases are especially representative of two types of dropout that are characterised by high quotas of women.Findings – The central conflicts of women in engineering education are often...


Diabetic neuropathy is referred as subsequential and debilitating complication belonging to type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a heterogeneous group of disorder with particularly complex pathophysiology and also includes multiple forms, ranging from normal discomfort to death. The evaluation of diabetic neuropathy is associated with hyperglycemic responses, resulting in alteration in various metabolic pathways including protein kinase C pathway, polyol pathway and hexosamine pathway in sachwann and glial cells of neurons. The essential source of neuronal destruction is analogous to these respective metabolic pathways, thus identified as potential therapeutic targets. These pathways regulating therapeutic medications may be used for diabetic neuropathy, however, only target specific drugs could have partial therapeutic activity. Various antidiabetic medications have been approved and marketed, which possess therapeutic ability to control hyperglycemia and ameliorate the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy. Among all antidiabetic medications, incretin therapy, including Glucagon- like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, are the most favorable medications for the management of diabetes mellitus and associated peripheral neuropathic complications. Besides enhancing glucose-evoked insulin release from pancreatic β-cells, these therapeutic agents also play a vital role to facilitate neurite outgrowth and nerve conduction velocity in dorsal root ganglion. Furthermore, incretin therapy also activates cAMP and ERK signalling pathways, resulting in nerve regeneration and repairing. These effects are evidently supported by a series of preclinical data and investigations associated with these medications. However, the literature lacks an adequate clinical trials outcome related to these novel antidiabetic medications. The manuscript emphasizes on the pathogenesis, current pharmacological approaches and vivid description of preclinical and clinical data for the effective management of diabetic neuropathy.


The invention relates to a method for improving steel cleanness of stainless steel, comprising the following sequential steps: 1. final slag in an aod furnace is taken away by 60-90 percent before theaod furnace taps and after the reducing refining in the aod furnace is completed; lime and fluorite are added into the aod furnace according to the amount of adding 4kg-16kg lime and 2kg-8kg fluoritein molten steel per ton; argon stirring is carried out for 2-5 minutes; the slag basicity is controlled at the range of 2.0-3.0 after slag adjustment; and the furnace taps in the mode of steel-slag mixing; 2. casi blocks are added into a steel ladle along with molten steel flow during tapping of the aod furnace according to the amount of adding 1-4 kg casi blocks in molten steel per ton; and 3. the steel ladle is blown with argon from bottom to enhance stirring at a bottom argon blowing station and then is carried out weak stirring after the temperature and components are stirred uniformly, the bottom argon blowing flow rate of the weak stirring is 10-80N1/min, and the bottom blowing stirring time is 5-15 min.


The 2 H spin-lattice and spin-spin nuclear magnetic relaxation rates were measured at different frequencies for α-deuterated hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in micellar solutions of nonaqueous and mixed solvent systems. Three nonaqueous polar solvents, viz., formamide, ethylene glycol, and N-methylformamide, and their mixtures with water were used


Functional foods are characterized by containing nutraceuticals or compounds that are known to protect against chronic disease. Based on this definition, eggs are a natural functional food because they contain highly bioavailable carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, and they are a good source of choline. Lutein and zeaxanthin are potent antioxidants that have been shown to decrease systemic inflammation, fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis in animal studies. Further, clinical interventions and epidemiological data document the role of lutein and zeaxanthin in protecting against age-related macular degeneration and in decreasing inflammatory markers in plasma. Choline has been reported to protect against hepatic steatosis. Further, choline has a role as a neurotransmitter and has been shown to increase memory and protect against Alzheimer's disease. In addition, eggs are an excellent source of protein, with all the essential amino acids, which has been demonstrated to preserve muscle strength and decrease appetite. In this chapter, the evidence of eggs as a natural functional food is presented, as well as the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of their components, and their role in the prevention of chronic disease.


Abstract The problem of evaluating philosophical texts is not only an institutional problem for philosophers. It transcends our own discipline. In a globalized word, English seems to be the lingua franca of all the sciences, much more than Latin ever was. But if we do not appreciate the systematic differences between articulating the 'results' in the 'natural' sciences (which focus on facts and technical know-how) on the one hand and normative and philosophical disputes about reasonable developments of forms of articulation and understanding in the 'Geisteswissenschaften' on the other, there is a great danger of transnational regionalism — especially if we limit philosophical thinking and research to one language. Instead, we should treasure the diverse traditions and experiences as they are manifested in different languages. In consequence, the policy of evaluating international visibility of philosophic journals, as proposed by the European Science Foundation (ESF), must be changed.


(57) Abstract: for diagnostic applications, a suspension of micromachined particles or micro device is disclosed. Micro device shape and homogeneous size selected preferably has a size of 100 nm to 10 m. It is also possible to design the microdevice for intravenous injection or intra-operative administration. Fine processing method for making the micro device is also disclosed.


Relatively high rates of teacher attrition have been consistently identified as a major issue for the teaching profession over several decades. As a result, there has been a growing interest in the wellbeing of teachers across the entire education sector. One of the tools employed by teachers is that of reflection, in order to evaluate their own practice and the practices of others, with a view to developing their professional identity (Fleer, 2000; Goodfellow, 1995; MacNaughton & Williams, 1998; Noble, Macfarlane & Cartmel, 2006; Sumsion, 2003). This paper describes a process of critical reflection on-action and in-action with a cohort of early childhood education (ECE) students that has been developed to support the student to become a critically reflective practitioner who can 'think otherwise' about practice and who is receptive to new epistemology. A thematic analysis has been used to explore how students understood their involvement in this critical reflection process as a means of promoting improvement in practice, professionalism and life-long professional development as they move into the field. The aim, to better understand the ways in which involvement engaged students in processes that allowed them to construct new epistemological understandings informed by theory, research and practice, drove this project. The author therefore posits that a collaborative process of critical reflection provides the space for 'new possibilities to be explored and realized' (Moss & Petrie, 2002, p.145), allowing those engaged in this space to construct, rather than reproduce, knowledge (Noble, 2006).


Recent experimental data on the antiproton in‐flight annihilation on light nuclei are analysed. The reasons of the observed equality of the p‐hydrogen, p‐deuterium, and p‐helium annihilation cross sections at low energies are discussed. The calculations within a simple optical model confirm that the S‐wave contribution to the antiproton‐nucleus annihilation cross section is approximately the same for all nuclei.


BACKGROUND
Continuous development of new wheat varieties is necessary to satisfy the demands of farmers, industry, and consumers. The evaluation of candidate genotypes for commercial release under different on-farm conditions is a highly recommended strategy to assess the performance and stability of new cultivars in heterogeneous environments and different farming systems. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the grain yield and quality performance of ten different genotypes across six contrasting farmers' field conditions, determined by different irrigation and nitrogen fertilization levels, and to develop suggestions to aid breeding programs and farmers for a more efficient use of resources. Through Genotype and Genotype by Environment (GGE) interaction biplot analyses we identified the genotypes with the highest performance and stability in the Yaqui Valley.

RESULTS
Analyzes showed that some traits were mainly explained by the genotype effect, others by the field management conditions while the rest by combined effects. We also identified the most representative and discriminative field conditions in the Yaqui Valley, a useful strategy when breeders have limited resources. The independent effects of irrigation and nitrogen levels and their interaction were analyzed for each trait; results showed that full irrigation is not always necessary to maximize grain yield in the Yaqui Valley; in parallel, other suggestions for more efficient use of resources were proposed.

CONCLUSIONS
The combination of on-farm trials with GGE interaction analyses is an effective strategy to include in breeding programs to improve process and resources. Identifying the most outstanding and stable genotypes under real on-farm systems is key to develop novel cultivars adapted to different management and environmental conditions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The wafer-scale VLSI system determines the weights for an adaptive antenna application. The data are sampled N-component vector time series X(n), whose components are time functions observed at N individual antenna ports. The processed output, y(n), is a weighted sum of the components, e.g., W/sup t/X(n). The authors expect to compute W about 150 times per second, based on observations of many exponentially windowed samples of X which arrive much more frequently, about 45000 times per second. The algorithm for determining W is based on the use of Givens transformations to rotate the original data into a lower triangular set of linear equations. The computational cost of this algorithm increases with N, the number of degrees of freedom, as N/sup 3/. For sufficiently large N, one must employ some degree of parallelism. The advanced architecture uses /sup N///sub 2/ processors connected in a linear chain, suitable for realizing this algorithm for N=64 in a systolic VLSI wafer-scale design.<<ETX>>


Background and objective: Women at pregnancy are further susceptible to vaginal colonization and yeast infection. The responsibility of Candida colonization in the incidence of preterm birth is correctly established. Knowing regional epidemiology and identifying risk factors of preterm birth are important for management and preventive strategies. The aim of the study was to reveal the prevalence of Candida species in vaginal swabs of pregnant women and determine odds ratio of risks for vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Methods: Pregnant women attendance routine antenatal visits in Al-Olify –family Center in Sana'a city were registered into a cross-sectional study carried out from June 2018 to March 2019. The laboratory works were carried out in the National Center of Public Laboratories (NCPHL). Samples of vaginal swabs were taken from contributors after obtaining oral consent. The classification of the Candida species was done by culture on HiCrome Candida Differential Agar at 35 °C for 48 h for making of species-specific colors. Data of demographic, clinical and risk factors were collected in a pre-designed questionnaire. Results: A total of 190 pregnant women are included. The rate of VVC was 51.6%. Candida albicans accounted for 39.5% and non-Candida albicans accounted for 12.1% of isolates, mainly C. glabrata (4.7%), C. lipolytica (3.2%), and C. famata (2.1%). When VVC risk factors were considered, there were significant risk factors with the age group 20-24 years (61%, odds ratio (OR) = 1.8), first trimester of pregnancy (61.1%, OR = 1.7), Multipara of parity (61.8%, OR = 1.9), low socioeconomic level (60.1%, OR =2.4), and illiteracy (68%, OR = 2.2). When clinical symptoms were considered, only 86.2% of affected females had clinical signs of VVC. Conclusions: There is a high probable rate of VVC is found among pregnant women in Yemen, undiagnosed and unnoticed; and this highlights the need for health authorities to develop strategies for diagnosing VVC, including vaginal swabs for candidiasis as a routine procedure for all pregnant women. This study also revealed a steady increase in time with a non-C. albicans species prevalence rate. VVC syndrome management guidelines in Yemen should be revised to include a special protocol for pregnant women.


Metal-semiconductor diodes may be realized by various techniques, depending on application and processing technology. MIA-COM has recently developed an Enhancement/Depletion (EID) pHEMT process, used primarilyfor control circuits. In this process, both D-mode and E-mode FETs are configured as diodes, to serve functions such as voltage level shifting in digital logic circuits. We report here on a reliability study of E-mode FETs configured as diodes, and subjected to both high temperature and forward bias accelerated stress. Different failure modes observed during accelerated life tests of two diode configurations are discussed, and the causesfor aging are analyzed


The phytoremediation technology is widely used due to its beautiful appearance and no secondary pollution. The mechanism of how the plants cope with the abiotic stresses imposed by polyaromatic hyd...


Child Sexual Abuse is on the increase in Nigeria as six out of ten children in Nigeria according to UNICEF experience sexual assault before the age of eighteen. Evidently, parents are the first contact of socialization for a child. Therefore, this study which is carried out in Ota in Ogun state seeks to find out the perception of parents to media reports on child sexual abuse. It examines parents' source of information about CSA, the level of knowledge about CSA among parents, the attitude of parents to information about CSA in the media and the perception of parents on the adequacy of media information on CSA. The survey method of research was used to obtain data using the instrument of the questionnaire. The researcher used the multi- stage sampling method to determine the study area and population of respondents to represent the total population of parents in Ota Area. Results obtained were presented and interpreted using tables showing percentage. Findings revealed that parents in Ota have a good knowledge of child sexual abuse through media reports. The result also shows that parents believe that child sexual abuse is a social problem involving children of both sexes. The result also shows that parents do not agree with the myth of 'strangers only sexually abuse children', indicating that sexual abuse of a child also happens among family members. However, the knowledge of the Child Rights Act is still lacking. In conclusion, the lack of Child Rights knowledge may be the reason for the ineffectiveness in finding a solution to CSA; therefore there is a need to make for the awareness of Child Rights Act by the media.


The plasma density grating induced by intersecting intense laser pulses can be utilized as an optical compressors, polarizers, waveplates and photonic crystals for the manipulation of ultra-high-power laser pulses. However, the formation and evolution of the plasma density grating are still not fully understood as linear models are adopted to describe them usually. In this paper, two nonlinear theoretical models are presented to study the formation process of the plasma density grating. In the first model, a nonlinear analytical solution based on the fluid equations is presented while in the second model a particle-mesh method is adopted to investigate the kinetic effects. It is found that both models can describe the plasma density grating formation at different stages, well beyond the linear growth stage. More importantly, the second model can reproduce the phenomenon of "ion wave-breaking" of plasma density grating, which eventually induces the saturation of plasma density grating. Using the second model, the saturation time of the plasma density grating is obtained as a function of laser intensity and plasma density, which can be applied to estimate the lifetime of the plasma density grating in experiments. The results from these two nonlinear models are verified using particle-in-cell simulations.


According to the characteristics of utility-type generator set in variable load sliding-pressure operation,analysize the characteristics of feed-water system comprehensively which consist of variable speed main feed-water and power frequency booster-pump connecting in series first then in parallel.It puts emphasis on fitting characteristics equation of feed-water pump under different operations,and determining characteristics of feed-water pipeline under sliding-pressure operation,and corresponding resistance coefficient,at last deduces the equation of lift,efficience and rotating speed under different load and different sliding-pressure which only based on main feed-water pump variable speed adjusting to satisfy.Taking one power plant 600MW supercritical unit for example,compared the energy consumption between different operation mode.It put forward the more suitable operation mode under different load,and offered theoretical basis for project practical application.


In this paper we investigate the effect of including a traffic prediction module in a channel allocation algorithm. The presented algorithm uses a hybrid channel assignment scheme where each cell is in charge of a group of local channels and shares a single pool of global channels. The traffic prediction module incorporated is used to calculate the potential number of local channels a cell will need in the following time periods. It takes into account recent traffic history of cells in addition to their diurnal traffic periodicities. A performance comparison showed that incorporating such a prediction module into the hybrid allocation algorithm yielded significant decrease in failure rate, message complexity and acquisition delay. Simulation results showed also that a prediction module that considers both traffic periodicities and cells recent history outperformed that considering only traffic periodicities.


Determination of the free chloride content in a concrete structure is important for evaluation of the risk of corrosion of reinforcing steel. The Ag/AgCl sensor is sensitive to chloride ions and exhibits an open circuit potential (OCP) that depends on the chloride ions activity in the environment. The interference of hydroxide and sulfide ions in the pore solution of cementitious materials with the sensor affects the stability of the sensor's OCP. In this paper, the sensor's OCP (i.e. sensor reading) in Portland and slag cement pastes is monitored over 300 days of immersion in solutions with different chloride concentration. The results show the applicability of the chloride sensor for continuous and non-destructive determination of the free chloride content in Portland cement paste. The significantly different OCP of the sensor in slag cement paste was attributed to the interference of sulfide ions and formation of Ag2S on the sensor's surface. Hence, the content of free chloride ions in slag cement paste could not be determined from the sensor's OCP. The acid-soluble chloride and water-soluble chloride in the cement pastes were also determined after 300 days of immersion of specimens in the solutions. In case of Portland cement paste, the measured acid and water-soluble chlorides were compared to the sensor reading. The acid and water-soluble chlorides were higher than sensor reading. The release of physically and chemically bound chlorides into the acid and water solvents were the main cause for this trend. The results show the importance of cement type and chloride binding ability of hydration products for the sensor's response and the acid and water-soluble chloride contents.


We consider a stochastic evolution inclusion having deterministic multi-valued nonlinearity and fractional Brownian motion with nonlinear diffusion. We establish the nonemptiness and compactness of its solution set. After that, the upper semicontinuity with respect to random parameters and initial values of the corresponding solution map is proved. In particular, the results on nonemptiness and upper semicontinuity imply that the inclusion under consideration defines a multi-valued random dynamical system. Moreover, under an extra smooth assumption on the diffusion, it is demonstrated that the solution set has the topological structure of R δ -type.


The high‐power conversion efficiency of flexible perovskite photovoltaics (PPV) at low light environment and their low‐cost manufacturing processes, render PPV superior to conventional rigid photovoltaics targeting indoor applications. However, various parameters related to materials, architecture, processing, and indoor characterization need to be optimized further toward improving indoor PPV (iPPV) efficiency, stability, and ecotoxicity. This work provides an overview of the recent progress, trends, and challenges in the field and suggests a holistic approach toward a viable design and integration of iPPVs into Internet of Things (IoT) platforms without any compromise on safety and cost effectiveness. The key impact of selecting proper materials and fabrication techniques, as well as optimizing the active area and architecture is described. Certain peculiarities of the indoor lighting conditions are discussed that can be addressed by proper simulation tools, including the understanding of the charge‐transfer mechanism, the diversification of the lamp types, as well as identifying the requirements for the production, standardization, and installation of iPPVs associated with IoT devices. A multidimensional engineering approach that considers aspects of architecture, light technology, load specifications, materials, processing, safety and cost, is proposed as a path toward accelerating iPPV market uptake for households, businesses, wearables and Industry 4.0 applications.


The incidence of goals at level 1 in futsal school games in Itajuba, Minas Gerais Introduction: The incidence of goals is an indicator that can help the futsal coaches understand the reality of the game and therefore can plan and choose tactics and methods of training to improve performance. However, few studies have analyzed the incidence of goals in periods of play. Objective: To analyze the incidence of goals in male futsal matches, level, the School Games of Minas Gerais. Materials and methods: The primary and quantitative study was conducted with 12 school football teams which participated in the hall JEMG, level 1, 2011. Adolescents participated in the study ranging in age from 12 to 14 years old, category level 1, male. Results: We observed that the incidence of goals did not show significant differences between periods. Conclusion: the incidence of goals in male football matches of the School Games of Minas Gerais does not present differences between periods of games.


Abstract The wheel speed capability of a tire is defined by a test method which determines the speed at which the tire fails on a laboratory test wheel. Data is reported on over 100 different passenger car tires of all grades and types over a range of sizes. A scaling system is devised for this property. It is found that the system produces consistent results for tires of given manufacturer's nominal grade across the size range tested and for samples produced several months apart.


We report the recent results related to π − K interactions based on the data collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB collider. This includes the branching fraction and CP asymmetry measurements of B → K+K−π+ decay, search for the Λc → φpπ, Λc → P s π decays, branching fraction measurement of Λc → K−π+pπ0, first observation of doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decay Λc → K+π−p, and the measurement of CKM angle φ3 (γ) with a model-independent Dalitz plot analysis of B± → DK±, D → K Sππ decay.


A female common marmoset (Callithrix jachhus) suffered from weight loss exhibited tachypnea after anesthesia. We diagnosed marmoset duodenal dilation syndrome (MDDS) and aspiration pneumonia after post‐anesthesia vomiting secondary to MDDS. If MDDS is suspected due to clinical symptoms such as weight loss, bloating, or vomiting, careful anesthesia and treatment of vomiting will be important to prevent aspiration pneumonia.


This research focuses on the ability to contextualize observed human behaviors in efforts to automate the process of tactical human performance modeling through learning from observations. This effort to contextualize human behavior is aimed at minimizing the role and involvement of the knowledge engineers required in building intelligent Context-based Reasoning (CxBR) agents. More specifically, the goal is to automatically discover the context in which a human actor is situated when performing a mission to facilitate the learning of such CxBR models. This research is derived from the contextualization problem left behind in Fernlund's research on using the Genetic Context Learner (GenCL) to model CxBR agents from observed human performance [33]. To accomplish the process of context discovery, this research proposes two contextualization algorithms: Contextualized Fuzzy ART (CFA) and Context Partitioning and Clustering (COPAC). The former is a more näıve approach utilizing the well known Fuzzy ART strategy while the latter is a robust algorithm developed on the principles of CxBR. Using Fernlund's original five drivers, the CFA and COPAC algorithms were tested and evaluated on their ability to effectively contextualize each driver's individualized set of behaviors into well-formed and meaningful context bases as well as generating high-fidelity agents through the integration with Fernlund's GenCL algorithm. The resultant set of agents was able to capture and generalized each driver's individualized behaviors.


Changes in total water and electrolyte content were measured in corneas following cryopreservation and following experimental rehydration of the cryopreserved-thawed tissue in an albumin-NaCl solution, Kinsey medium, or in vivo in aqueous humor. During the cryopreservation procedure the corneal tissue becomes dehydrated and loses intracellular potassium and sodium. Experimental rehydration of the cryopreserved tissue in Kinsey medium restores the Na and water content to control values, but corneal K remains decreased. Corneas rehydrated in albumin-NaCl regained only the normal water content; whereas, corneas rehydrated in vivo in aqueous humor regained the normal water content and sodium concentration over a two-hour period, while corneal potassium showed a slight increase throughout the two-hour period.


Cortinarius magnivelatus and C. saxamontanus, sp. nov., two species of subemergent taxa from the Western United States, are described and illustrated. Two hypotheses on the evolution of these subem...


Hydrolysates of fibers swollen in various intracrystalline swelling agents were ball- milled for separate periods. These samples containing different proportions of cellulose I (C I) Cellulose II (C II) and amorphous (Am) phases were subjected to a mild hy drolysis, and their recrystallization behavior was studied by x-ray diffraction methods. Recrystallization into C I occurs only by nucleation, whereas recrystallization into C II is also caused by accretion of the long disordered molecular segments severed from crystallites.


It is well known that the average image intensity of an incoherently illuminated object is severely degraded when viewed through atmospheric turbulence. To overcome this limitation, techniques such as speckle interferometry, bispectral analysis, and speckle holography have been developed. The problem of imaging a coherently illuminated object through turbulence is examined here. When a deterministic object is coherently illuminated and viewed through the same turbulence (double passage), the time-averaged image can be shown to contain diffraction-limited information on the object amplitude. Although the information is difficult to recover for a general aperture, the use of a suitable nonredundant aperture allows the information to be recovered quite simply. It is further shown that the use of a simple polarization discrimination scheme allows the information to be retrieved without time-averaging over the turbulence statistics. Experimental results that give qualitative confirmation of theoretical predictions are presented. Phase retrieval from the Fourier modulus has been successfully used on computer simulated data.


With the massive use of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage, the environmental and resource problems faced by used lithium-ion batteries are becoming more and more prominent. In order to better resource utilization and environmental protection, this paper employs bibliometric and data analysis methods to explore publications related to waste lithium-ion battery recycling from 1984 to 2021. The Web of Science core set from the SCIE online database was used for this article. These findings demonstrate a considerable increase trend in the number of publications published in the subject of recycling used lithium-ion batteries, with a natural-sciences-centric focus. Argonne National Lab, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and China Academic and Scientific Research Center are the top three institutions in terms of quantity of papers published. The affiliated journals corresponding to these three institutions also have high impact factors, which are 106.47, 44.85, and 58.69, respectively. In comparison to comparable institutes in other nations, the American Argonne National Laboratory supports 223 research articles in this area. China and the US make up the majority of the research's funding. The two key aspects of current lithium-ion battery recycling research are material structure research and environmentally friendly recycling. Nevertheless, high-capacity lithium-ion batteries, waste lithium-ion integrated structures, and gentle recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries will be the major aspects of study in the future. It is hoped that the above analysis can bring new ideas and methods to the field of waste lithium-ion battery recycling and provide a basis for the subsequent research and application of waste lithium-ion battery recycling.


This submission uses the application Haze Gazer – developed by United Nations Pulse Lab Jakarta (PLJ) and used in the Indonesian President's "control room" – as a case study to highlight concerns related to the use of digital data in social protection decision making. Haze Gazer is an online dashboard designed to provide up‐to‐the‐minute information for decision‐making around the management of haze issues that plague Indonesia and neighbouring countries annually. Haze is smog produced by bio‐ fuel burning and poses a significant social protection challenge for Indonesia. During a widely reported 2015 haze event, up to 100,000 people may have died prematurely across South East Asia; over 5 million children had their schooling disrupted, and the cost to Indonesia alone was estimated at 475 trillion rupiah (over US$34 billion).


PERMANENT INTRAMEDULLARY PIN-NIENG (1) consists of the placement of a previously prepared intramedullarv pin of the proper diameter and length entirely within the bone. This can be done in fractures of the femur and the humerus, and in some tibial fractures. It is not applicable to extremely comminuted or extremely proximal or distal fractures. Selection of cases is important. A day or two of complete rest can be very helpful to the dog but it is often hard on the owner who is usually eager to "do something". By all means please the client but give the animal a chance too. Let us suppose that we have a recent upper mid-shaft oblique fracture of the femur in a dog. An x-ray has been taken. No other injuries are apparent and the surgical risk seems minimal. An intramedullary pin of the proper diameter and length is prepared by measuring from the radiograph. One end is sharpened to a cutting point, the other end is filed or ground to a smooth rounded point. In addition to the instruments ordinarily used in an open reduction, a bone hook, pin setter, hammer, and curved-tip grooved director will be needed. Aseptic technic is used. A curved incision is made from a point anterior and distal to the trochanter major, towards the lateral condyle of the femur. The skin, subcutaneous tissue and fascia lata are incised, no muscle fibers are cut. The bone fragments are located and exposed with the fingers. Any necessary debridement is done. The pin is inserted up the marrow cavity of the proximal fragment and is drilled through to the outside. The fragment is held parallel to the operating table so that the point of emergence of the pin will be as lateral as possible. With the blunt tip of the pin protruding slightly from the distal end of the proximal fragment, it is possible by angulating the fragments to bring about reduction and to introduce the pin into the marrow cavity of the distal fragment. The use of the pin director as a guide is sometimes helpful in this maneuver. The pin setter is now placed over the protruding sharp point of the pin and, while the reduction is maintained manually, the pin is driven distad with short firm taps of the hammer. When the pin setter is felt to engage in the bone, the operator knows that the point of the pin is below the trochanteric fossa and the pin setter is removed. The incision is sutured in layers with chromic catgut. The instillation of 300,000 units of aqueous penicillin into the incision and around the fracture is commonly done especially if the fracture is compound. Ordinarily no splint is needed. Antibiotics are administered every day for at least five days. All dogs receive anti-serum in full dosage regardless of age. In an uncomplicated case the dog will touch his toes to the ground in 7 to 9 days and will walk on his leg in 14 to 16 days. Older animals will be slower in healing and the prolonged support of a permanent pin is useful in these cases. The pins do not wander as the animal grows older. However nature changes the bone constantly and in a matter of years the bone will be rebuilt completelv and will have adjusted to the pin very nicely. iScarsdale, New York, U.S.A.


Abstract Purpose The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of peripheral vasopressor administration in an attempt to minimize the placement and improve early removal of unnecessary central lines to reduce central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who received vasopressors via peripheral infusion over 3 months, starting at the time of guideline implementation. Results We identified 129 vasopressor orders among 79 patients that were administered peripherally. Among these orders, 3 events were documented as possible extravasation events. Forty-five patients (57%) did not require central line placement due to increasing vasopressor requirements. Standard utilization ratio data suggest minimal central line impact of the protocol implementation. December 2020 to February 2021 was associated with a large second peak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in our region. Utilization of central lines was less than predicted in December 2020 to February 2021 in 2 of our 3 intensive care units (ICUs); however, the differences were statistically significant on only 3 occasions. In the third ICU, utilization was greater than predicted, but this unit housed a majority of the most critically ill patients with COVID-19. Conclusion This study suggests that short-term use of select vasopressors at conservative doses is safe for peripheral administration and points toward efficacy at preventing central line placement. Further analysis is required to confirm efficacy.


It has been said that, after the fall of modernism, Hermann Lotze (1817-81) reigned as the single most influential philosopher in Germany, perhaps the world" (Sullivan 2008: 2). It is now not easy to take such claims about Lotze seriously, and historical surveys of nineteenth century philosophy treat him as a marginal figure, if they mention him at all. Part of the explanation of this change in his standing becomes clear if we accept Sullivan's helpful observation that Lotze was a 'prominent ...


TRAINING TEACHERS FOR THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL An arrangement has been worked out by the city school system of Rochester, New York, and the University of Rochester for the preparation of teachers for the junior high schools of that city. Courses in special methods and in the psychological, administrative, and supervisory aspects of junior high-school work have been organized. For the special methods courses selected teachers and school officers of the city are partially responsible. Other courses are given by the Department of Education of the University of Rochester. The courses are of university grade and carry regular credit. The city board of education pays tuition for all teachers


Casein peptide consists of few amino acids. Previous studies reported that oral amino acid supplementation enhanced training effects and endurance performance. However, effects of peptide supplementation are unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether peptide supplementation enhances training effects on mitochondrial biogenesis of skeletal muscle.


On November 23, 2004, a breakaway light standard located in the clear zone of southbound US-131, near eastbound I-96, north of Grand Rapids, fell onto southbound US-131 traffic lanes under high winds, striking a vehicle. The incident prompted an investigation into breakaway light standards on Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) trunklines. Statewide, 2,649 breakaway light standards were inspected. From the inspection reports, it was determined that overall, 61 percent of breakaway light standards statewide were in good condition, requiring no corrective action. Those breakaway light standards needing corrective action numbered 36 percent. Only 3 percent statewide required immediate action for removal, including 15 steel screw-in foundations. With proper maintenance, a typical breakaway light standard correctly installed on a concrete foundation can remain in service for at least 50 years, based on the design wind speed recurrence interval (MDOT Subsection 918.08). Continued inspection will provide the margin of safety desired by the department, and assure the public that incidents of the type that occurred on November 23, 2004, will not be repeated.


A novel method has been developed to determine five polycyclic musk fragrances and two nitro musk fragrances in human blood by GC-MS.Blood samples were extracted by n-hexane,cleaned up by silica gel column,and final eluate was concentrated with nitrogen before injection.Identification was carried out by GC-MS in the Selective Ion Monitor(SIM)mode.The recovery of fluenthene-d10,surrogate standard,was from 85.0% to 120.0%.The detection limits were from 0.25 to 0.30 μg·l-1(S/N=3).Using hexachlorobenzene(HCB)13C6as the internal standard,good linear calibrations were obtained over the range of 0.5 to 10μg·l-1.Under the optimum conditions,the synthetic musk fragrances were recovered well at three different spiked concentrations with the recoveries ranging from 77.9% to 118.5%,and relative standard deviations ranging from 1.5% to 9.5%.


In this study we compared intraoperative bleeding and regional cerebral oxygenation in patients with different degrees of the reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).


Measurements of radiocarbon as CO/sub 2/ and as CO in Geiger-Mueller counters filled with a mixture of gaseous radioactive carbon compounds and a small quantity of the saturated hydrocarbons vapors, of n. hexane, n. heptane, n. octane, cyclohexane showed that counters filled with vapor of saturated hydrocarbons, pure or mixed with a carbon oxide or a carbon dioxide, are self- quenching counters and have good characteristic curves. Experiments indicated that the partial pressure of carbon oxide cannot exceed the partial pressure of quenching hydrocarbon in the counter. Setting up a resistance the order of 100 Megohm between the anode wire of the counter and its supply of the potential the resolving time is 3 to 6 x 10/sup -4/ sec., and the plateau region from 200 up to 600 v with the s1ope less than 3% per 100 v at the counting rates of a few thousand counts per minute. Within the statistical errors the measured activity was proportional to the partial pressure of labeled gaseous radioactive substances (C0/sub 2/ or CO) in the counter. (tr-auth)


The rare earth (RE) stannides LaRhSn and CeRhSn were prepared from the elements by arcmelting or by reactions in sealed tantalum tubes in a high-frequency furnace. The structures have been refined from X-ray single crystal diffractometer data: ZrNiAl type, P6̅2̅m, a = 748.74(5), c = 422.16(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0307, 310 F2 values for LaRhSn and a = 745.8(1), c = 408.62(9) pm, wR2 = 0.0397, 354 F2 values for CeRhSn with 14 variables per refinement. The structures contain two crystallographically different rhodium sites which both have a tricapped trigonal prismatic coordination: [Rh1Sn3RE6] and [Rh2Sn6RE3]. Together the rhodium and tin atoms (280 - 288 pm Rh-Sn distances in LaRhSn and 277 - 285 pm in CeRhSn) build up three-dimensional [RhSn] networks in which the rare earth atoms fill distorted hexagonal channels. DFT band structure calculations reveal a large cerium 4 f contribution at the Fermi level and a strong mixing of cerium 5d/4 f with rhodium 4d orbitals. These results are in agreement with the short Ce-Rh bonds (304 and 309 pm) and also with the electronic and magnetic properties. 119Sn Mössbauer spectra of LaRhSn and CeRhSn show a single tin site at isomer shifts of δ = 1.98(2) (LaRhSn) and 1.79(1) mm/s (CeRhSn) subject to quadrupole splitting of Δ EQ = 0.79(4) (LaRhSn) and 1.12(3) mm/s (CeRhSn). The 1.8 K data show no transferred hyperfine field at the tin site for CeRhSn.


As fork literature art, stamp designing undertakes more tasks of publicizing resplendent culture and centuries-old history of China. The dissention between stamps of the year of snake and the paper-cut author shows that its very important to safeguard fork art legislatively. As main body of fork literature art works and its expressive form,state can require its benefits.


Background and Aims Suprainguinal fascia iliaca blocks can be used as part of peri-and postoperative pain management after total hip arthroplasty. 1,2,3 This study compares postoperative


Introduction: Incentives play a decisive role in the motivation process, and their knowledge and understanding are essential, in order to be able to comprehend hu man behavior. Purpose: The present review study focuses on investigating t he incentives that motivate nurses to participate i n continuing education actions and programs. Methods: The material of the study consisted of articles on the subject found in Greek and international databases such as Google Scholar, Mednet, Pubmed, M edline and the Association of Greek Academic Librar ies (HEAL-Link). The exclusion criterion for the articl es was the language, except of Greek and English. O nly articles and studies accessible to authors were mos tly used. Results: The incentives for nurses to participate in continuing nursing programs are affected by persona l experiences, as well as by intrinsic incentives, and also by external factors The most common of them are profes sional knowledge and development, escape from routi ne, improvement the ability to provide social care, and cquisition of new qualifications. Conclusions: Considering the incentives that motivate nurses for Continuing education, they can be oriented towards special tra ining needs through targeted training courses.


We solve the initial-boundary value problem (IBVP) for the Ablowitz–Ladik system on the natural numbers with certain linearizable boundary conditions. We do so by employing a nonlinear method of images, namely, by extending the scattering potential to all integers in such a way that the extended potential satisfies certain symmetry relations. Using these extensions and the solution of the initial value problem (IVP), we then characterize the symmetries of the discrete spectrum of the scattering problem, and we show that discrete eigenvalues in the IBVP appear in octets, as opposed to quartets in the IVP. Furthermore, we derive explicit relations between the norming constants associated with symmetric eigenvalues, and we identify a new kind of linearizable IBVP. Finally, we characterize the soliton solutions of these IBVPs, which describe the soliton reflection at the boundary of the lattice.


The paper is devoted to the analysis and comparison of the dynamic parameters of the rail fastening used in a standard way in the core railway network of the Czech Republic, i.e. the elastic rail fastening Vossloh W 14 and Pandrol FC. The paper also includes the description of the measurement and evaluation method. The conclusion of the paper is devoted to recommendations for further measurement and practical applications.


The Cu-Ni-Si-Mg alloy which was taken from compact strip production was treated by aging,the effects of aging temperature and aging time on microstructure and properties of the alloy were investigated. The results show that the secondary phase is distributed depressively in the alloy. The electric conductivity increases rapidly at first,and then inclines to be stable in the end at the same aging temperature; as the aging temperature rising,the electric conductivity increases at the same aging temperature,the highest peak hardness value of the alloy is lower,the time reaching the peak is shorter. Hot-rolled Cu-Ni-Si-Mg alloy had an excellent combination of microhardness and electrical conductivity after aging at 450 ℃ for 2 h,which can reach 231 HV and 34% IACS,respectively.


Different analytical models, including Finite Element and Distinct Element Methods, are described and their shortcomings and (lack of) validation are discussed.Further the book describes the equally important models of structural and functional deterioration, and how these may be combined with climatic variations and dynamic loading in a stochastic simulation of pavement deterioration.Finally the book also touches upon surface characteristics, user effects and optimization for use in Pavement Management Systems.


FIELD: geophysical instrument engineering. SUBSTANCE: multicomponent well strain meter comprises cylindrical pressure-tight housing with the bottom made of a hemisphere. The housing receives three three-azimuth meters of strain with capacitive converters of movements mounted at a 120° one to the other. The meter of axial deformations provided with the capacitive converter of movement is mounted near the bottom of the housing. The rotor plates of each capacitive converter of movements are parallel to the axis of the cylinder. The stator plates are arranged from both sides of the rotor ones, parallel to them. EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities. 7 dwg


The present invention relates to an electronic cigarette cotton, wool insulation without aerosolizing the electronic device, the heat dissipation and insulation member, cooling method. The insulating means, the heat radiating member is provided coaxially between the atomizing means and the jacket pipe and a heat insulation cover for the channel configuration. This method of insulation and heat dissipation: the heat generated during the atomization unit along the airway are working between the outer wall of the reservoir cup and the insulation jacket cooling section, and by way of heat conduction through the insulation jacket is circulated.


Nowadays, the addiction is considered as one of the main interests in the human life. Increasing trend of addiction results in several interests and problems for many countries and societies during past century. Indeed, addiction is a physical, mental, and social illness that there are several effective factors in its formation such as personal, inter-personal, environmental, and social factors. It is one of the most important factors in destroying citizens' health. In other words, addiction is a destructive and persistent illness that not only results in person's death, but also destroys his/her family and society. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analysis research. The authors of this study attempt to examine the relationship between early maladaptive schemas of cuts-exclusion and slip among addicts abusing drugs under methadone maintenance treatment. In order to select the sample members, about 200 patients (100 patients with slip and 100 patients without slip) were selected from patients in the public clinics of Shiraz city. The sample patients should have pass at least 6 weeks of their treatment period. The sampling method was convenience sampling method. In order to test the patients' positive or negative slip degree, they were under test monthly. A questionnaire and Young schema have been used for collecting the research data. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between abandonment scheme, distrust/misbehavior, defection/shame, social isolation/alienation, andextent of slip. Another part of the results revealed that there is not any significant relationship between emotional exclusion schema and extent of slip. With regard to the significant relationship between early maladaptive schemas and slip in the drug users that were under treat, it seems that the treatment scheme can be helpful in such patients for decreasing their slip and improving their health.


In today's age of rapid and abrupt change, crises are almost impossible to avoid. Crises thus become a threat to survival or a chance of success. The key role in which direction the company will set once it has emerged has crisis management. Its main role is to apply certain knowledge and skills, timely and promptly, to the crisis situation with a goal of remediation and re-positioning of the company. The aim of this paper was to analyze crisis situations and management response within selected pharmaceutical companies and to show the importance and impact of crisis management on further business and reputation. The pharmaceutical industry has an undeniable impact on society and the environment, and is also at the top of the most profitable industry. The paper will also analyze business within pharmaceutical industry by using secondary data. Operating within the pharmaceutical industries means that life-long patients will depend on the ability of pharmaceutical companies to identify and solve problems that may hinder their concerns before they reach crisis levels.


This is a mostly well-written MS, and the language and style is above average, the figures and tables are of high quality. The study concerns a highly relevant topic from an interesting marine area that may be less well studied in this context than other coral reefs (Berumen et al. 2013; Schonberg et al. 2017). The MS is based on a large work effort and produced a large amount of valuable data. I compliment the authors for tackling such a timely and complex task.


AbstractThis work is about children's motor activity. You can often hear in media about sedentary children, and that one of the factors which contributed to this is computers and things like that. The main goal with this work is to find out how preschool teachers take care of children's joy of movement and how they work to promote children's progress of motor activity. To get answers to my questions I have used qualitative interviews. I've been interviewing four preschool teachers from two different preschools to find out how they work with motor activity. The result of the interviews shows that the teachers had god knowledge about the subject and the answers become pretty similar for all of them. They all considered that children's motor activity make sense for their development and that it is important to find stimulating environments, for example out in the open an in the forest. They also pointed out that it is important to give children time to play on their own.Keyword: free playing, preschool, motor activity, out in the open


Standardization of language is difficult, especially among those who have expert knowledge of the subject and clear understanding of what their own words mean. The difficulties must be overcome because deleterious effects ensue when we do not understand what one another's words mean. Existing dictio


Fully optimised HF and DFT transition states of cisplatin binding to adenine and guanine are presented for the first time. They have similar structure as the recently published transition states for cisplatin hydrolysis with the angle of about 70° between entering and leaving ligands and corresponding bonds prolonged up to 0.5 A. Calculated activation energies are in the range of 10.5-18 kcal/mol. The lowest activation energies were found for the binding of cis -Pt[(NH 3 ) 2 (H 2 O)(OH)] + to guanine. The role of hydrogen bonds in recognition of binding sites, stabilisation of reactants and final yields of individual cisplatin-DNA adducts is discussed.


In many fields including digital image processing and artificial retina design, they always confront a balance issue among real-time, accuracy, computing load, power consumption and other factors. It is difficult to achieve an optimal balance among these conflicting requirements. However, human retina can balance these conflicting requirements very well. It can efficiently and economically accomplish almost all the visual tasks. This paper presents a bio-inspired model of the retina, not only to simulate various types of retina cells, but also to simulate complex structure of retina. The Model covers main information processing pathways of retina so that it is much closer to the real retina. In this paper, we did some researches on various characteristics of the retina via large-scale statistical experiments, and further analyzed the relationship between retina's structure and functions. The Model can be used in bionic chip design, physiological assumptions verification, image processing, and a variety of goals.


This study explores the impact of fear of predators among prey populations in an eco-epidemiological model where an infectious disease infects prey. An incidence delay is introduced for the transition of the susceptible population into the infected population. Further, the dynamical behavior of the non-delay system is studied by modifying Holling type II functional response incorporating the fading memory. This is based on the concept that the predator's growth rate not only depends on a single moment from the past but also over the whole past (chiefly, on recent history). The conditions for the existence of all the biologically feasible equilibrium points are established. The criterion for the local stability about equilibrium points of both (non-delay and delay) systems as well as for the global stability around the coexistence equilibria of the non-delay system are established here. Sufficient conditions for the existence of Hopf-bifurcation by taking the force of infection and delay as bifurcation parameters are derived. Numerical simulations are performed to verify the analytical results and illuminate the system's dynamicity. The system's complex dynamical behaviors are demonstrated using the bifurcation diagram, phase diagram, and spectrum. It is observed that fears reduce predator density and also convert an unstable (periodic or chaotic) system into a stable one. It is recommended that past influence over a short time interval and a higher value of the cost of fears are necessary to persist a sustainable and stable ecosystem. An effort is made to search for the correlation between the cost of fears and other biologically related parameters (viz., the growth rate of prey, the carrying capacity for prey, the force of infection, fading memory, and incidence delay) to understand the dynamicity of the system. The semi-relative as well as logarithmic sensitivities of the system are applied to the proposed model to observe how much change of a state variable occur due to perturbation of the parameters, like, the force of infection and cost of fears.


BACKGROUND
Aesculetin (AE), a natural coumarin derivative found in traditional medicinal herbs, has a variety of pharmacological effects. However, the role of AE and its molecular mechanisms of action on bladder cancer remain undefined.

OBJECTIVE
To explore the anti-tumor effects of AE on bladder cancer cells and the associated molecular mechanisms.

METHODS
We performed a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay to examine the inhibitory effects of AE on 5637 and T24 cells. The anti-tumor effects of AE on 5637 cells were evaluated by performing colony formation, living/dead cell staining, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion assays. The expression levels of related proteins were determined using western blotting.

RESULTS
The viability of 5637 and T24 cells was decreased by AE. AE significantly inhibited colony formation, arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, decreased migration and invasion, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased apoptosis in 5637 cells. Western blotting results showed the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria; the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3; decreases in CDK4, CCND1, MMP2 and MMP9 levels and an increase in the BAX/BCL-2 protein ratio after treatment with AE. AE also downregulated the levels of p-ERK and p-MEK proteins. Pre-treatment with U0126 significantly enhanced the anti-tumor effects of AE.

CONCLUSIONS
AE inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells through the MEK/ERK pathway. These findings provide possible therapeutic strategies for bladder cancer.


Three groups of museum educators were invited to list theories that inform their practice at annual conventions of the National Art Education Association and at a workshop sponsored by the Museum Educators of Southern California. Most educators cited psychological theories of learning, beginning with Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and Csikszentmihalyi's flow or psychology of optimal experience, stage theories of development beginning with Piaget, and constructivist theories of learning and meaning making beginning with Dewey, Vygotsky, and Falk and Dierking's contextual model of free choice learning. There was little evidence of interest in critical pedagogy or in other critical theories that problematize our understanding of art, art history, or the nature and function of museums. Museum educators have adopted theories to which they have been exposed through their education and professional networking, which facilitate their practical work as educators, and which are easy to implement, such as the questions to guide novice viewers in Housen and Yenawine's Visual Thinking Strategies. Educators do not cite theories which might address their professionalstatus within their museums or the position of their institutions within a global economy.


A neuromorphic spiking convolutional neural network (SCNN) is presented for cross-patient seizure detection using multi-modal features from multi-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) data. A mixture of spectral, temporal, and spatial features is employed for building robustness against domain-specific noise/artifacts, hence boosting detection sensitivity and specificity. The feature set is converted to temporally-coded spikes before being fed to the SCNN classifier. Thanks to the asynchronous spike-based multiplier-less operation, the SCNN significantly reduces the classification computational cost without sacrificing accuracy. The developed algorithm was validated on a publicly available dataset and an average sensitivity of 83.02%, a specificity of 86.31%, and a false positive rate of 0.69/hr were achieved for cross-patient seizure detection. Our results show that a 1-bit Integer-Net leads to less than 2% drop in sensitivity compared with a 32-bit real-value resolution CNN model while offering more than 27× improvement in memory efficiency. The SCNN achieves an estimated energy efficiency of $1.28\mu\mathrm{J}$ /classification, which translates into a 98.6% improvement compared to a conventional CNN implementation with the same accuracy.


-- This research work was developed in Lima Metropolitana. There were identified two air pollutains, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. The investigation was conducted from November to December 2009, which set five sampling stations and took a total of 200 samples. Analysis was performed at the Toxicological Control, Information and Environmental Management Support Center (CICOTOX), Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, San Marcos University. The method for determining nitrogen dioxide was Griess-Saltzman and to determine sulfur dioxide was used the modified method of West Gaeke. During the months of research, average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide was 60,294 μg/m3, which is within the limit set by the Environmental Health Department (100 μg/m3), and above the guideline value set by the World Health Organization (40 μg/m3). The average concentrations of sulfur dioxide was 35,121 μg/m3, which is within the limit established by the General Directorate of Environmental Health (80 μg/m3), and above the guideline value set by the World Health (20 μg/m3).
Key Words: Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Department of Environmental Health, World Health Organization.


Water relations in plants maintain healthy tree branches and drought conditions during plant growth may affect water relations, but the mechanisms are poorly known. In our study, we determined the stomatal conductance, hydraulic conductance, water potential and ion concentration of xylem sap to increase the understanding of changes in water relations in branches of Populus euphratica (P. euphratica) and Tamarix ramosissima (T. ramosissima), which are the dominant plant species in the lower reaches of the Heihe River Basin in China. The results showed that both species responded to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) during the growing season by adjusting stomatal conductance to achieve homeostasis in leaf water potentials. The leaf-specific hydraulic conductance (LSC) of the branch was determined using water status in the branch, and the LSC of the leaf was determined using water status in the leaf. Because of homeostasis in leaf water potentials, hydraulic conductance in leaves remained stable. As a result, branch dieback, which might be induced by deficits in water supply, could rarely be seen in T. ramosissima owing to the homeostasis in branch and leaf water status. The ion sensitivity of xylem hydraulic conductance in P. euphratica induced an increase in hydraulic conductance caused by the deficits in the water supply which might lead to branch dieback. The evaluation of water relations provides a further understanding of the internal mechanisms of drought acclimation for riparian plants.


This study aimed to know the implementation of Cooperative learning Think Pair Share Strategy and students' response to teaching reading comprehension at SMP Negeri 1 Bandar Baru. This study used survey method with a qualitative approach. A qualitative research sample was not taken at random but instead, have to follow certain criteria. The Implementation of Think Pair Share strategy was in accordance with theory suggested by experts in cooperative learning, namely; 1) phase (Think) that leads students to think; 2) phase (pair) that leads students to work together and interact with each other; and 3) phase (share) Here students gain meaningful learning experience, they are accustomed to speaking in front of people, so the students who previously shy being personally brave and confident. Student response was very positive towards learning, students were active, enjoy and focus on learning. Cooperative learning arranges as an effort to increase student participation, facilitating students with experience, leadership attitudes and make decisions in groups that helpful for the students' lives outside of school.


Abstract : This paper describes the application of non-asymptotic triple-deck theory of transonic shock-turbulent boundary layer interaction as a local modular element in the global calculation of supercritical airfoil flow fields. (Author)


Abstract : One of the most important steps in designing a communication system involves analyzing the error performance of the system to determine if it meets requirements. There are many techniques to accomplish such analysis and the most desirable one is that which can be used quickly and efficiently. This thesis examines one method of error performance analysis that utilizes the two sided Laplace transform of the probability density function (PDF) of a decision statistic. Additionally, a Gauss-Chebyshev quadrature rule is utilized to attain the error probability. This method is used to find the error performance of several communication systems of varying complexity in order to verify the use of the method and investigate its implementation. The models considered are antipodal baseband signaling in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), BPSK in AWGN and an imperfect carrier reference in the receiver, and BPSK and NFSK in AWGN with Rayleigh fading. The results are implemented using a computer and are compared to known results. All results are shown to match theoretical results. Additionally, up to a 99% computational time savings was realized using this method to analyze error performance of the BPSK case with an imperfect carrier reference in the receiver.


Thaw-freezing cycle is the primary environment character and land surface processes in the alpine cold region,such as Northern Tibetan Plateau. The variation of soil temperature and soil moisture underground during the thaw-freezing processes are of great significance to ecosystems. The soil temperature,the basic effecting factor of the thaw-freezing cycle,was studied at Xainza at hourly to monthly scale,to offer references for the scientific research such as ecology,soil,land cover,microclimate,microtopography on the Northern Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that the variation of soil temperature was similar to that of air temperature at daily to monthly scale for their robust correlation,while the soil temperature varied in a more slowly style with time-delays,which enhanced with the depth. Also,the soil temperature got strong coefficient of variation( CV) values during thaw phrase,indicting the effect of freezing-thawing processes on temperature. At hourly scale,the soil temperature varied in sine waves style,with the waves smoothed and delayed gradually for the increase of depth.


Recent success of laser-assisted charge exchange for 10 μs duration Hydrogen ion beams at SNS motivates laser development necessary for efficient stripping of 1.0 ms duration beam at full duty cycle. To overcome the laser power challenge, the interaction point was chosen inside an optical cavity. A doubly-resonant enhancement cavity and a novel locking technique have been developed, and a coherent enhancement of 402.5 MHz, 50 ps, 1.05 MW peak power ultraviolet (355 nm) laser pulses operating at 10-μs/10-Hz burst mode has been demonstrated. This will enable 1.0 ms duration laser macropulses at 60 Hz to be stored inside such a cavity to achieve efficient stripping at SNS.


This invention relates to one mixture dynamic mobile DC to DC conversion control system and its method, which comprises high voltage dynamic power system and low voltage mobile electrical system and is characterized by the following parts: converter is connected to controller through one set of signal wire to combine converter and controller to fulfill control and execution, wherein, the converter determines the its work status according to low voltage electrical system and high voltage battery status and environment temperature and itself factors.


In order to settle the problem that it is difficult to unify the multi-criteria,a new integrated evaluation decision making method was proposed.Based on the projection technique,this new method dealt with the problems,such as integrating the real number,interval number and triangular fuzzy number,and creating the evaluation matrices.Then the standard index was required according to predominance and the weights were figured out.And all alternatives were ranked according to projection of idea points.Finally,the principle and steps were analyzed by taking the network quality integrated evaluation dedision making for example.The experiment results indicate that method is effective,which provides a new idea of multi-criteria integrated evaluation decision making.


the brain-tissue, or its membranes, with an inflammatory process about the site of the new growth, as the mode of production of the " optic neuritis", seemed to find most favour with the Society; and has certainly the advantage of simplicity to recommend it. Amid so many discrepancies, it is satisfactory to find at least one note of agreemnent, and that, too, in relation to so important a subject as treatment; all were ready to acknowledge that optic neuritis, if left to run its course, might result in a permanent, and more or less serious loss of sight; and there was an almost equal unanimity in recommending iodide of potassium, in gradually increasing doses, as the best means of dealing with the condition, and, in a large number of cases, holding out good hopes of a favourable result, if resorted to early enough.


Introduction: This paper explores the different ways in which disabled girls and young women are disadvantaged and marginalised in expressing sexuality and accessing HIV and AIDS prevention and care services. Disabled young men tend to have greater access to basic information on the subject because their families allow them to freely socialise with peers and learn from them. Yet for cultural and other reasons, disabled young women are prevented from doing the same. Consequently, this group lacks vital information on how to express sexuality and to protect themselves from acquiring HIV infection. Methods: A qualitative case study design was chosen as the appropriate means for achieving the aim of this study. Sixteen young people with varying types of physical disabilities, aged 15-24 years participated in individual semi-structured interviews and three focus group discussions of 5-8 participants each. Consent procedures were followed. Demographic data of each participant, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. A thematic content analysis was conducted using the Atlas.ti computer package for analysing qualitative data. Textual features of Atlas.ti were used to sort the data through coding for common meaning. Contextual features were used to group the codes into broad content categories, through which the main themes were generated. Results: This study has shown that gender plays a crucial role in the way disabled young people experience sexuality and HIV and AIDS. While all disabled young people have limited access to sexuality education and HIV and AIDS prevention services, disabled young females are more disadvantaged, as they are confined to their parents' homes, are not allowed to express their sexuality freely and are forced to take contraceptives. Although disabled young men are allowed some freedom, they too remain misinformed about basic facts on sexuality and HIV and AIDS. Discussion: It is clear that all disabled young people are at risk of contracting HIV infection and have limited access to treatment and care, yet gender related factors increase the risk for disabled females. This group is acutely aware of the ever present risk of rape and yet their mothers' response to such a threat is provision of contraceptives to prevent pregnancy, rather than steps to prevent rape. In the interest of cultural norms, disabled young females in this study were overprotected and prevented from socializing and obtaining sexuality information from peers. Meanwhile, it was shown that some disabled young men feel that the answer to any erection is to have sex, while female participants express the frustration and difficulty of negotiating safe sex. Obviously, it would be difficult to negotiate safe sex with men who believe there is no other way of dealing with an erection, but sex. It is conceivable then that men who uphold such beliefs would also be inclined to force or rape partners who resist or attempt to negotiate safe sex. Similarly, it was revealed that some disabled young men are allowed to have sex outside marriage, but not to father a child as culture prohibits sex and child bearing out of wedlock. Yet disabled females are not only told to abstain from sex until they get married, they are also started on contraceptives without their consent or proper education on the subject. This prohibition is not accompanied by appropriate education about responsible sexual behaviour and prevention of pregnancy. Consequently, disabled girls remain silent about their sexual encounters for fear of disapproval by parents. Parents also anticipate that their disabled children would be having sex anyway, hence their concern to prevent pregnancy with no matching concern for prevention of sexually transmitted infections,including HIV. Conclusion: This study has revealed that disabled young men and women have different challenges in their experience of sexuality and HIV and AIDS. Disabled young women are disadvantaged by being confined to their parent's homes, not allowed to express their sexuality freely, having forced contraceptives and would probably be shunned if they were to become HIV positive. It is clear that some parents expect their disabled daughters to be raped in spite of the prevailing belief that these young people are asexual. Parents feel helpless as they appear unable to protect disabled females from being raped or to report such rape, which increases the risk of contracting HIV infection. Although disabled young men are allowed some freedom to express their sexuality and to access  information on the subject, they remain misinformed about basic facts on the same. Participants in this study were not aware of any formal or informal sexuality and HIV and AIDS programmes specifically targeting disabled young people in Nyanga. There is a need for government and other AIDS service organizations to target all members of society, but specifically disabled young women and their parents.


The invention relates to a suture anchor which comprises a suture anchor body, a thread part, a threading structure and a stress structure, wherein the thread part is arranged at the exterior of the suture anchor body; the threading structure is arranged on the suture anchor body; the stress structure is arranged on the suture anchor body; the thread part is of a thread structure distributed in a high-low manner. By virtue of the thread structure distributed in a high-low manner, the thread structure has stronger anti-pull capacity than a common thread structure; during a process of screwing into a bone, the screwing torque can be reduced, so that not only can medical operation be facilitated, but also pains of patients are reduced; furthermore, the effect of the bone fixation is good, the suture anchor is difficult to loose, secondary injury of the patients is avoided. The invention also relates to a handle matched with the suture anchor, and the handle is simple to use and convenient to install and dismount.


The bacteriological study of sausages was carried out under conditions of agro-food markets and supermarkets in Odessa. It was established that the bacteriological contamination of sausages that did not meet the veterinary and sanitary requirements by the standard plate count in supermarkets ranged from 2.5×10 to 1.0×10 CFU per 1 g, which was 18.0% of 44 samples, and in the markets from 2.7×10 to 1.5×10, which was 29.4% from 34 samples. The most contaminated with the coliform bacteria were cooked sausages of all grades – 41% of the samples of all kinds sausages.


SummaryA comprehensive review of the variousaspects of intracardiac myxomas is pre- sented. Two unusual cases are illustrative of many of the problems encountered. Of par-ticular interest are the successful surgical re- movals of the myxomasin both cases. References 1. PADHI, R. K., KELLY, H. G., AND LYNN, R. B.: Intra-atrial myxoma. Review of literature andreport of a right atrial myxoma diagnosed preoperatively and successfully treated. Canad.J. Surg. 2: 414, 1959.2. CRAFOORD, C.: Discussion on mitral stenosis andmitral insufficiency. In Proceedings of theInternational Symposium on CardiovascularSurgery, held at the Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, March 1955. C. R. Lam, editor. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders, 1955, p. 202.3. PRICHARD, R. W.: Tumors of the heart: Reviewof the subject and report of 150 cases. Arch.Path. 51: 98, 1951.4. MAHAIM,Y.: Myxome microscopique de la cloisonchez filette de 3 mois, bloc auriculoventriculare 3/1. Helvet. med. acta 10: 129, 1943. 5. CENTENO, P. A.: