the distribution of regional ventilation is heterogeneous in normal lung and increases dramatically under pathological conditions. This has been demonstrated both in humans and in animal models using a number of different imaging techniques. General anesthesia and mechanical ventilation can


This paper develops an optimization model that captures the annual planning of product-targeting campaigns occurring in fi nancial institutions. The formulation described in this paper extends current product-targeting optimization models found in the literature on two main aspects, namely the possibility of promoting bundled products and the use of multi-channel structures. The complexity of the problem is studied and extensive computational experiments are performed on representative datasets. The e ffect of client segmentation is empirically examined and some strategic applications of the model are presented. Our work is based on a practical case, but all features identifying the company have been removed.


The Quench Module Insert (QMI) and the Diffusion Module Insert (DMI) are microgravity furnaces under development at Marshall Space Flight Center. The furnaces are being developed for the first Materials Science Research Rack (MSRR-1) of the Materials Science Research Facility (MSRF), one of the first International Space Station (ISS) scientific payloads. QMI is a Bridgman furnace with quench capability for studying interface behavior during directional solidification of metallic and alloy materials. DMI will be a Bridgman-Stockbarger furnace to study diffusion processes in semiconductors. The design for each insert, both QMI and DMI, is driven by specific science, operations and safety requirements, as well as by constraints arising from resource limitations, such as volume, mass and power. Preliminary QMI analysis and testing indicates that the design meets these requirements.


The study of stabililty and capsizing mechanisms must include effects that are not directly induced by the waves. Ships can also be subjected to additional heeling moments--for example a bias may be established from the occurrence of beam winds, and in many other eventual situations. A particular type of nonlinear stochastic stability test, which includes this important feature along with an associated time dependent (parametric) restoring moment, is investigated.


Knowledge is, in the final analysis, taxonomic, but a taxonomy that is allowed to merge with the object of study-which is reified so that it becomes a datum in its own right-must at best be stultifying. Were this not so, there would have been no intellectual change in human history. Thus, to see the particular reading of an ancient tragedy as refracted through a particular ideological prism, or to spell out the implications of a translator's vocabulary, syntax, and style-these things do not decrease our knowledge; they protect it. (Herzfeld 198359)


The present invention relates to a rear attachment unit for a motor vehicle body comprising a support (12) and at least one associated with this connection portion (20) for attachment to a rear-side support structure (60) of the body, wherein the connection part (20) via at least one fastening portion (36, 38 ) and is connectable to the support structure (60) has a deformation structure (34) having an opening formed to the absorption of mechanical forces geometric shape.


Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin receptor sensitivity and/or both. Hyperglycemia can trigger oxidative stress conditions that can increase the risk of micro and macrovascular complications. Preventive efforts need to be done such as giving supplements and traditional therapies that have low side effects, namely magnesium and insulin leaves. This research is experimental type with post test only control group. The samples in this study were 30 male wistar rats weighing 170-300g which had healthy conditions adapted for 7 days, given standard feed and given ad libitum drinking water. The results showed that the glucose level in the treatment group 3 when compared to the negative control group had a percentage decrease of 26.49%. LDL and MDA levels were lower in the combination treatment group of magnesium and insulin leaves when compared to the negative control group. The ANOVA results showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in the glucose test results (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the groups in the LDL and MDA results (p > 0.05). The conclusion of this study was that the best results when compared to negative controls were the combination of magnesium at a dose of 300 mg and insulin leaves at a dose of 300 mg/KgBB had a decreased percentage of LDL levels by 52.38% and MDA levels of 29.11%, while for glucose levels the combination of magnesium doses 300 mg and insulin leaves 75 mg/KgBW had a percentage reduction of 26.49%


367 Abstract—This Paper aimed to study the techniques of object-oriented and UML as bases of modeling and development the elearning system for improving innovative thinking. E-courses are not limited to mere content translation and extension, but contain instructional content, methods and delivery systems to provide an integrated educational environment that allows the student to trainee through learning activities, so this research concentrated on the way of implementation of the strategies to Internet education, and draw intelligent online e-courses management architecture. The researcher developed a strategy to achieve the proposed intelligent architecture for e-courses management (24/7) through Internet tools that can be achieved through activities and educational strategies This is in addition to the identification of (8) patterns of interaction within the educational site, was as follows: Learner-Learner Interactive, Learner-Instructor Interactive, Instructor-Learner Interactive, Learner-Content Interactive, Instructor-Content Interactive, Learner-Self Interactive, Learner-Interface Interactive, Learner-Tools Interactive


This paper explains the connotation of salary management of hospital,analyzes the present situation of salary management of hospital and some malpractices existing in current salary management system of hospital,and probes into some countermeasures for salary management system of hospital.


Sago is also a symbol of indigenous peoples, sago has become one of the important staples. The land tension of sago plant production in Merauke regency is supported by natural conditions and the climate is good for the development of sago plants. in the current condition, the community still feels difficult in the search for sago land because there is no publication media for the location of sago crop production land developed by the Merauke Horticultural Agriculture Office, by building this system will help the community in finding sago land, The system is a geographical information system of sago plant production land in Merauke district based on the web that uses the PHP and Xampp programming languages as a localhost server over the Apache HTTP server program, MySQL database and PHP programming language translator. System testing performed on this system uses the Black Box method and Beta testing. The results of testing using Black Box found that the geographical information system of sago crop production land in Merauke regency based on the web can accelerate the process of searching for sago land developed by the Department of Agriculture and Horticultural. Keywords: geographical information system, sago plant production.


Although catastrophic accidents involving airliners, ships and trains receive a great deal of media attention, 94 percent of all transportation fatalities occur on roadways and highways.( I) These traffic deaths, occurring one or two at a time all over the nation on each day of the year, do not usually receive widespread attention but the cumulative toll is more than 40,000 deaths and more than 3.5 million disabling injuries with a societal cost exceeding $100 billion every year.( I) Thirty years ago more than 50,000 Americans died in traffic accidents,(2) Each year from 1966 until 1992, the total number of fatalities dropped such that in 1994, just over 40,000 people were fatally injured in traffic accidents.(3) Although this reduction is laudable on its own, the fact that it was made with a concurrent increase in vehicle miles travelled is remarkable. The number of vehicle miles travelled was almost 2.5 times greater in 1992 than it was in 1966. In 1966 5.5 people were fatally injured for every 100 million vehicle miles travelled. In 1992 this rate was 1.8 fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles travelled, less than one third the rate of thirty years ago. If the fatality rate had remained unchanged since 1966, 123,000 people would have died on U.S. roadways in 1992 alone. Ultimately, safety must be measured in terms of lives saved and serious injuries avoided. The statistics above demonstrate that the many efforts at improving highway safety have indeed been effective. Sustaining this laudable record in highway safety may, however, become more difficult. Some projections suggest that to keep the annual number of highway fatalities at the current number (about 40,000), the fatality rate on all roadways will need to be reduced to about 1.4 fatalities per 100,000 vehicle miles travelled. Present-day interstates, the safest highways in the world, had a fatality rate of 1.1 in 1993. It will be very difficult to reduce the system wide fatality rate to this level without significant advances in highway safety.(JJ Even if it is possible to reduce the system fatality rate to this level, it is unclear whether the deaths of 40,000 citizens is acceptable to our society. Determining the effectiveness of particular highway safety programs and initiatives, however, is very difficult. There are numerous federal and state agencies with important missions affecting highway safety including Departments of Transportation (state and federal), local law enforcement agencies, citizen groups, professional organizations, automobile manufacturers and the insurance industry. Each of these groups has played a role in making highways safer. One such group is the roadside safety community. Roadside safety professionals have worked behind-the-scenes for more than thirty years using engineering design to improve the safety of roadways. The roadside safety community has traditionally stressed engineering solutions to typical roadside safety problems like designing traversable side slopes, specifying minimum clear zones, and designing roadside safety hardware. The changing highway and legislative environment make it prudent to assess the past accomplishments and future directions of roadside safety research to ensure that the scarce resources available for improving roadside safety can be most effectively used to reduce the number of injuries and deaths resulting from roadside accidents. The purpose of this meeting was to assemble experts in the area of roadside safety to discuss


A non-invasive blood pressure measuring method base on waveform characteristics recognization includes such steps as using sensor to test the waveform of blood pressure, respectively creating its upper envelope, baseline and lower envelope, finding out the first flex point of lower envelope and baseline, using it as the first characteristic point, finding out its maximal value relative to the waveform of blood pressure to obtain systolic pressure, finding out the second flex point of lower envelope and baseline, using it as the second characteristic point, and finding out its maximal value relative to the waveform of blood pressure to obtain diastolic pressure.


TaN/NbN multilayered coatings with nanoscale bilayer periods were synthesized at different Ar/N_2 flow rates by RF (radio frequency) magnetron sputtering.XRD (X-ray diffraction) and Nano Indenter System were employed to investigate the influence of Ar/N_2 flow rate (F_(Ar):F_(N_2)) on microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings.The low-angle XRD pattern indicated a well-defined composition modulation and layer structure of the multilayered coating.All multilayered coatings almost revealed higher hardness than the rule-of-mixtures value of monolithic TaN and NbN coatings.At F_(Ar):F_(N_2)=10,the multilayered coating possessed desirable hardness,elastic modulus,internal stress,and fracture resistance,compared with ones synthesized at other Ar/N_2 flow rates.The layered structure with strong mixture of TaN (110),(111),(200) and Nb_2N (101) textures should be related to the enhanced mechanical properties.


Introduction Alterations in the DNA repair capacity of damaged cells are now recognised as an important factor in mediating resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Material and methods DNA Repair Pathway RT2 Profiler Arrays were used to elucidate key DNA repair genes implicated in chemoresistant NSCLC cells using cisplatin resistant (CisR) and corresponding parental (PT) NSCLC cell lines generated in our laboratory. DNA repair genes significantly altered in CisR cells were validated at the mRNA and protein level. The translational relevance of differentially expressed genes was examined in a cohort of chemo-naive matched normal and tumour lung tissues from NSCLC patients. Loss of function studies were carried out using siRNA technology. The effect of XRCC6BP1 gene knockdown on apoptosis was assessed by FACS. Cellular expression and localization of XRCC6BP1 protein and gH2AX foci in response to cisplatin were examined by immunofluorescence (Cytell). To investigate a role for XRCC6BP1 in lung cancer stem cells, Side Population (SP) studies were used to characterise stem-like subpopulations within chemoresistant cells. XRCC6BP1 mRNA analysis was also examined in ALDH1+ and ALDH1- subpopulations. Immunohistochemistry analysis was carried out in resected lung tumour tissues and XRCC6BP1 expression was correlated with survival and other clinicopathological parameters. Results and discussions We identified a number of critical DNA repair genes that were differentially expressed between PT and CisR NSCLC cells. XRCC6BP1 mRNA and protein expression was significantly increased in H460 CisR cells relative to their PT counterparts. Relative to matched normal lung tissues, XRCC6BP1 mRNA was significantly increased in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Gene silencing of XRCC6BP1 induced significant apoptosis of chemoresistant cells and reduced their DNA repair capacity. Immunofluorescence studies showed an increase in XRCC6BP1 protein expression and gH2AX foci in CisR cells. SP analysis revealed a significantly higher stem cell population in resistant cells, while XRCC6BP1 mRNA expression was considerably increased in SKMES-1, H460 and H1299 ALDH1+ CisR cells compared to ALDH1- cells. IHC scoring of XRCC6BP1 showed that lung cancer patients with high expression had worse survival outcomes. Conclusion Our data highlight the potential of targeting components of the DNA repair pathway in chemoresistant lung cancer, in particular XRCC6BP1, either alone or in combination with conventional cytotoxic therapies such as cisplatin.


In this paper, a comparative analysis of different types of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) air collectors, namely: (i) unglazed hybrid PVT tiles, (ii) glazed hybrid PVT tiles, and (iii) conventional hybrid PVT air collectors, has been carried out for the composite climate of Srinagar, India. It has been observed that the overall annual thermal energy and exergy gain of unglazed hybrid PVT tiles air collector are higher by 27% and 29.3%, respectively, as compared to glazed hybrid PVT tiles air collector and by 61% and 59.8%, respectively, as compared to conventional hybrid PVT air collector. It has also been observed that the overall annual exergy efficiency of unglazed and glazed hybrid PVT tiles air collectors is higher by 9.6% and 53.8%, respectively, as compared to conventional hybrid PVT air collector. On the basis of a comparative study, it has been concluded that CO2 emission reduction per annum on the basis of overall thermal energy gain of unglazed and glazed hybrid PVT tiles air collectors is higher by 62.3% and 27.7%, respectively, as compared to conventional hybrid PVT air collector, and on the basis of overall exergy gain it is 59.7% and 22.7%.


Through comparing the existence of female spaces in traditional chinese architecture and contemporary architecture,we find that female spaces in traditional architecture are excessively limited and which are in contemporary architecture are ignored,they all bring a lot of inconvenience to women.It is promised that moderate attention to the difference in gender is necessary.And we should to design humanization space for women.


Lysozyme, the major oocyte enzyme was studied using the lysoplate assay, the turbidimetric assay, SDS-PAGE assay and native gel electrophoresis coupled with activity gel overlay system. Using the lysoplate assay, lysozyme activity was shown to exist in all developmental stages of oocytes although to various degrees. Both eggwhite and yolk, had lysozyme activity. Using the less sensitive quantitative turbidimetric lytic assay, lysozyme activity started to appear in the yolk fractions collected from the caudal region of the infundibulum. For the egg white, lysozyme activity started to appear in samples collected from the anterior portion of the magnum. It increased sharply when the ovum was found in the posterior portion of the magnum. Using the SDS-PAGE, a lysozyme band was not detectable in all the follicular stages of oogenesis. A very faint band of lysozyme was detected in all the yolk fractions collected from the different segments of the oviduct. For the egg white lysozyme started to appear in the fractions collected from the anterior portion of the magnum; this continued in all fractions until egg maturation. In native gel electrophoresis, coupled with the activity gel overlay, a distinct lysozyme activity band appeared in all fractions including egg yolk and egg white collected during the process of oogenesis .To our knowledge, this is the first report of the existence of lysozyme in both egg white and yolk, in all the developmental stages of the oocyte.


COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY INCREASE CAPABILITIES AND REDUCE COSTS. HOWEVER, THEY REQUIRE AN INITIAL INCREASE IN COST; ONE PROBLEM IS AT WHAT POINT, HOW AND FOR WHOM ARE THESE POTENTIAL COST INCREASES REALIZED IN TERMS OF ACTUAL DECREASES IN PRICE AND INCREASE IN CAPABILITIES. ANOTHER PROBLEM AREA FOR THE TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY IS COMPUTERIZED STANDARDIZATION. THE SOLUTION TO THIS PROBLEM IS BOUND TO CREATE TROUBLE SPOTS BUT EVENTUALLY STANDARDIZATION BENEFITS ALL; WITHOUT IT NO ONE BENEFITS. IT IS NOT ENOUGH TO MERELY CONSIDER INCREASED USE OF COMPUTERS WITHOUT CONSIDERING THE BASIC STRUCTURAL CHANGES THIS WILL INCURR. ALSO CONSIDERATION SHOULD BE BRODENED TO ENCOMPASS NOT ONLY THE EFFECTS ON THE INDIVIDUAL COMPANY BUT ALSO WITH RELATED SYSTEMS, CUSTOMERS, SUPPLIERS, AND THE GOVERNMENT; HOW THEY WILL EFFECT THE INDUSTRY AND HOW THE INDUSTRY WILL EFFECT THEM. FOR EXAMPLE, CONSIDER THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF BANKS, THE POST OFFICE, HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE SUPPLIERS, THE TELEPHONE COMPANY, AND THE TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY AND HOW THEY WILL INTERACT. TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS AFFECT SOCIETY; THE FULL SCOPE OF THIS MUST BE PART OF THE PROCESS OF IMPROVING COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN TRANSPORTATION.


In this work, we provide a nonlinear mathematical model identification methodology of an autonomous micro quadrotor, and the design of its orientation and position controllers. In the model identification, we specifically focus on the brushed D.C. motor dynamics, which further breaks down into three different segments: voltage generation, motor dynamics, and force/torque generation. Test bench experiments and software simulation are conducted to identify the parameters of the model derived from first principles physics model. Upon obtaining a good mathematical model of the micro quadrotor, model based orientation and position controllers are respectively implemented with linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and robust and perfect tracking (RPT) controller. The proposed control structure is designed and realized in a low cost micro quadrotor codenamed KayLion developed by the National University of Singapore.


For the 2-user MIMO interference channel with arbitrary antenna configurations, the degrees of freedom (DoF) region is characterized under arbitrary levels of partial CSIT for each of the channels. This bridges the gap between the two previous known results, i.e., DoF region with perfect CSIT and with no CSIT.


The basic principle,characteristics,present researches and applications of differential speed rolling technology were reviewed.From the view-point of new technics of plasticity processing magnesium alloys,the application of differential speed rolling technology in wrought magnesium alloy was discussed,and the mechanism of grains refinement,deformation mechanism,rules of texture variation,and so on were analyzed.Differential speed rolling technology can weaken basal texture of magnesium alloy sheets,fine grains and improve mechanical properties.It puts forward that magnesium alloy will have a better actual application future if differential speed rolling technology is applied successfully in the plastic forming.


A fuel reforming method and device improving fuel consumption by reforming a hydrocarbon liquid fuel, which is supplied into an internal combustion engine through a fuel feed line, into an easily and completely combustible fuel. The fuel reforming device has pipe means for forming a pipeline for causing the liquid fuel to flow in a fully filled condition, tube means for surrounding the entire periphery of the pipe means with a predetermined gap formed around the outer periphery of the pipe means, and far-infrared radiation means for radiating far infrared rays to the inside of the pipeline. The fuel reforming method performs a heating step for heating the entire periphery of the pipe means from around the outside of the pipe means, and also performs a far-infrared radiation step for radiating far infrared rays to the liquid fuel from the entire periphery of the pipeline. Flow flux generation means is installed in the pipeline. The above construction causes the liquid fuel flowing in the pipeline to generate fluxes flowing in different directions in a manner tilted relative to the axis of the pipeline, and this results in mixing of that portion of the liquid fuel that is positionedat the center of the pipeline and that portion of the liquid fuel that is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the pipeline.


In order to interact naturally with humans, robots must be able to engage in natural language dialog with their human teammate. To do so they need to model not only the state of the world but also the state of the interaction with the human user. In this paper we present an algorithm for understanding dialog in which information from multiple di alog turns is dynamically integrated into a probabilistic graphical model. Inference in the joint model enables the robot to find groundings in the world that correspond to the language across multiple dialog acts. To make inference efficient we model th e interaction state as a probabilistic model called Generali zed Grounding Graphs (G), which is dynamically instantiated from the natural language according to the hierarchical and compositional semantic structure of the utterances. Our previ ous work showed that a G model can find and execute plans corresponding to a single natural language command for mobi le manipulation. This paper extends the G model to support multi-turn dialog interaction and demonstrates its application on several examples; a full implementation and evaluation remain future work. Unifying the representations of a single command and a dialogue allows the training and inference algorithmsto be the same for both problems.


J.M. Hoff da Silva UNESP-Campus de Guaratinguetá-DFQ Avenue Dr. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333 CEP 12516-410 Guaratinguetá-Sao Paulo, Brazil (Received 3 April 2013; published 31 May 2013) The viability of achieving gravitational consistent braneworld models in the framework of a fðRÞ theory of gravity is investigated. After a careful generalization of the usual junction conditions encompassing the embedding of the 3-brane into a fðRÞ bulk, we provide a prescription giving the necessary constraints in order to implement the projected second-order effective field equations on the brane.


The two unsymmetrically substituted thiourea derivatives, 1,1-dimethyl-3-o-tolylthiourea, C 10 H 14 N 2 S, and 1,1-diethyl-3-o-tolylthiourea, C 12 H 18 N 2 S, both crystallize in the orthorhombic space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 and have the same type of crystal packing. In both structures, N-H...S hydrogen bonds link the molecules into chains along the b axis.


1. To develop a conservation management plan for a species, knowledge of its distribution and spatial arrangement of preferred habitat is essential. This is a difficult task, especially when the species of concern is in low   abundance. In south-western Victoria, Australia, populations of the rare rufous bristlebird Dasyornis broadbenti are threatened by fragmentation of suitable habitat. In order to improve the conservation status of this species, critical habitat requirements must be identified and a system of corridors must be established to link known populations. A predictive spatial model of rufous bristlebird habitat was developed in order to identify critical areas requiring preservation, such as corridors for dispersal. 2. Habitat models generated using generalized linear modelling techniques can assist in delineating the specific habitat requirements of a species. Coupled with geographic information system (GIS) technology, these models can be extrapolated to produce maps displaying the spatial configuration of suitable habitat. 3. Models were generated using logistic regression, with bristlebird presence or absence as the dependent variable and landscape variables, extracted from both GIS data layers and multispectral digital imagery, as the predictors. A multimodel inference approach based on Akaike's information criterion was used and the resulting model was applied in a GIS to extrapolate predicted likelihood of occurrence across the entire area of concern. The predictive performance of the selected model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) technique. A hierarchical partitioning protocol was used to identify the predictor variables most likely to influence variation in the dependent variable. Probability of species presence was used as an index of habitat suitability. 4. Negative associations between rufous bristlebird presence and  increasing elevation, 'distance to cree', 'distance to coast' and sun index were evident, suggesting a preference for areas relatively low in altitude, in close proximity to the coastal fringe and drainage lines, and receiving less direct sunlight. A positive association with increasing habitat complexity also suggested that this species prefers areas containing high vertical density of vegetation. 5. The predictive performance of the selected model was shown to be high (area under the curve 0·97), indicating a good fit of the model to the data. Hierarchical partitioning analysis showed that all the variables considered had significant  independent contributions towards explaining the variation in the dependent variable. The proportion of the total study area that was predicted as suitable habitat for the rufous bristlebird (using probability of occurrence at a ≥0·5 level ) was 16%. 6. Synthesis and applications. The spatial model clearly delineated areas predicted as highly suitable rufous bristlebird habitat, with evidence of potential corridors linking coastal and inland populations via gullies. Conservation of this species will depend on management actions that protect the critical habitats identified in the model. A multi-scale  approach to the modelling process is recommended whereby a spatially explicit model is first generated using landscape variables extracted from a GIS, and a second model at site level is developed using fine-scale habitat variables measured on the ground. Where there are constraints on the time and cost involved in measuring finer scale variables, the first step alone can be used for conservation planning.


This bulletin is based on research by Professor Gavin Wood and Dr Melek Cigdem at the AHURI Research Centre—RMIT University, Associate Professor Rachel Ong at the AHURI Research Centre—Curtin University and Professor Susan J. Smith at Cambridge University. The research sought to understand the pattern and circumstances in which households in mainstream home ownership churn in and out of home ownership or drop out of home ownership over the long term. The edges of home ownership


The authors report on a novel method to fabricate Sr-doped composition gradient epitaxial La1−xSrxMnO3 thin films by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Biaxially strained epitaxial La1−xSrxMnO3 thin films were grown on (001) LaAlO3 substrates by following a cosputtering procedure from LaMnO3 and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 targets. Three depositions were conducted by varying the substrate temperature (750 and 850 °C) and controlling the relative deposition rate from the two targets by varying their power rate during sputtering. The thickness of the thin films was about 20 and 30 nm for the short and long duration deposition, respectively. The films were studied by symmetric θ–2θ x-ray diffraction, pole figure analysis, atomic force microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Fabrication of smooth, composition gradient films of high epitaxial quality was achieved at a substrate temperature of 850 °C and low sputtering rate. A novel strain relaxation mechanism is also found that decreases significantly the mi...


Long-distance trade, stimulated by traders from the East African coast and Zanzibar, had a significant but little understood effect upon the values, relationships, and institutions of people living in the interior who were unexposed to these trading opportunities before the late eighteenth century. This paperl describes the Kerebe2 involvement in this long-distance ivory trade3 and their role in relation to Zanzibari traders during the nineteenth century.4 Social change within Kerebe society, a consequence of long-distance trade, is then analyzed by focusing upon the evolution of sorcery. It is generally recognized that societies in the interior which participated in this trade gained access to trade goods (beads, cloth, copper, and guns) and new food crops, but we are only beginning to recognize that they simultaneously exposed themselves to forces that challenged their social institutions. Sorcery among the Kerebe was a response to new and threatening circumstances and an analysis of it readily reveals the permeating and disrupting factors inherent in the participation of long-distance trade.


Firstly, this article seeks to analyze the concept of reason by proposing good living / living well as an alternative rationality and as a special way of understanding and projecting oneself in the world. Secondly, it examines the indigenous worldview by highlighting its holistic concept of life along with its vision of nature. The principle of relationality is analyzed as an alternative to the substantialist view of the world and, finally, a vital economy is postulated at the service of human life. It is argued that the economy for life derived from good living operates as an alternative to capitalist rationality, as it helps mitigate many of its harmful effects. Finally, some of the practical tensions of the proposal are presented, which hinder their application in today's world. Part of the current research on this new worldview is reviewed and compared with the principles of capitalist logic. Thus, we arrive at a proposal where a vital balance between nature and economy is possible


Nonparametric statistics for quantifying dependence between the output rankings of face recognition algorithms are described Analysis of the archived results of a large face recognition study shows that even the better algorithms exhibit significantly different behaviors. It is found that there is significant dependence in the rankings given by two algorithms to similar and dissimilar faces but that other samples are ranked independently. A class of functions known as copulas is used; it is shown that the correlations arise from a mixture of two copulas.


The influence of the industrial revolution 4.0 on the revolution is very influential in changing the lives of social and cultural societies. The change in the presence of the industrial revolution 4.0 does present new jobs at the same time there are jobs that are threatened by machinery, artificial intelligence and robots because it increases the proliferation of computers and the automation of records in all fields. The enormity of the impact of the acceleration of industrial technology also changes the life record of people and families in a special section, in the family also changes the pattern of communication spoken by harmonious families related to face-to-face, now available to be transferred by a faster method, there are things that can eliminate harmony in the family. Prevention efforts through premarital counseling. Premarital counseling that was previously developed from face-to-face relationships, in the future must adapt to information technology, both with regard to service content and with regard to methods and media services. Counselors can provide virtual counseling or use the Skype Join e-Module application as a counseling material. This article discusses matters relating to the importance of premarital counseling in preparation for fostering families who are happy to discuss topics of content, media and methods that discuss the development of information technology in the revolutionary era 4.0.


Based on the FDOA(frequency difference of arrival) location of the radiative source using moving observations,an FDOA location algorithm which solves the location of the target directly is proposed,which overcomes the difficulty in solving FDOA location algorithm.The proposed algorithm utilizes the polar coordinates to express the target coordinate relative to reference station,the algorithm uses the form of the FDOA location equation with skill,firstly,calculates the azimuth of the target,and then solves the radial range between the target and reference station,finally the equation with which the accurate location of the target can be determined directly is obtained.In this paper,an elaborate analysis of the algorithm is given,the ambiguity of azimuth and radial range as well as the solving method are discussed,simultaneously,simulation analysis shows that the theoretical analysis is correct,which provides the application of FDOA location algorithm with theoretical basis.


Abstract The author has mainly relied upon contemporary literature and official reports to write a comprehensive account of the development of Finnish agriculture from the 1720s to the 1870s, i. e., from the Great Northern War to the period when the rapid rise of the timber trade and the introduction of a modernised farm economy based on livestock began to revolutionise economic conditions even in Finland. The task has by now means been simple. For a start, earlier studies of the period contain many contradictory features, and not even the statistical material presented in them is consistent. In order to make sense of the official statistics it has therefore been necessary to base broad comparative calculations on a more or less random selection of the original material. This has affected the figures for the agricultural population, its share in the work force (it dropped from 88 per cent in 1769 to 84 per cent in 1865), its social groupings, their regional distribution, and so on. On the other hand, as S...


Data-driven decision making is increasingly becoming an essential component of marketing practice across all business sectors and receives unprecedented attention in terms of policies and financial support. The purpose of this article is to improve our understanding of data-driven decision-making strategies and focus on a comprehensive view of applications in marketing and related research. As such, we intend to establish a perspective on strategic planning and management of data-based marketing, complementing the understanding through the current literature. By adopting the "data-driven" perspective, marketers benefit from an approach of more and better control over data and a broader knowledge of the organization's data and strategic models in order to obtain relevant decisions.


Economics of regulation is a new discipline.Correct understanding the status quo of the development of the regulatory economics in China and theory frontiers and hot issues of regulatory economics in China will help the innovation and practical application of regulatory economics.Based on sorting out the theory on the development of the regulatory economics in China,theory frontiers and hot issues of regulatory economics in China are analyzed as to promote the further development of regulatory economics in China.


Background. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are an extensively used tool to assess and improve the quality of healthcare services. PROMs are affected by individual characteristics in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty (HA). The aim of this study is to identify distinct groups of patients with unique score-trajectories using the Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) technique and to determine patients' features associated with these groups.Methods. We conducted a prospective, cohort study analyzing PROMs questionnaires (Euro Quality 5 Dimensions 3L, EQ-5D-3L, Euro-Quality-Visual-Analytic-Score, EQ-VAS, Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, HOOS-PS) administered to patients undergoing elective HA at successive time points. For each score, LCGA was carried out to identify subgroups of patients assessed pre-operatively, and at 6 and 12 months after HA. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the latent trajectories.Results. We identified three distinct trajectories for each PROM score. These trajectories indicated high response heterogeneity to the HA among the patients (n=991): one trajectory showing an improvement at 6 months followed by a plateau, a second trajectory showing a lower starting level followed by a consistent improvement, and a third trajectory showing a modest improvement at 6 months followed by a modest decline at 12 months. Patient's gender, ASA score ≥3, obesity and the main diagnosis were significantly associated with different PROMs trajectories.Conclusions. These findings underline the importance of patient-centered care, supporting the usefulness of integrating PROMs data alongside routinely collected healthcare records for guiding clinical care and maximizing patient outcomes. Trial registration number: Protocol version (1.0) and trial registration data are available on the platform www.clinicaltrial.gov with the identifier NCT03790267, posted on December 31, 2018.


Background: Purpose of the study is to evaluate field-in-field (FIF) and slidingwindow intensity modulated radiation therapy (SW-IMRT) treatment plans in terms of homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI) and normal tissue doses for organs at risk (OAR) in patients with endometrial carcinoma along with deriving a new expression for CI. Materials and Methods: Four different FIF plans with different MLC (multi-leaf collimator) margins and SW-IMRT plan were compared in 20 endometrial cancer patients who underwent adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy with 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions. Normal tissue doses were assessed for OAR from dose volume histograms (DVHs). HI and CI values were calculated according to the reports of International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU)-83, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 1993 and ICRU-62. A new CI was developed and named CIOPT standing for optimized conformity index. Results: SW-IMRT provided a significantly better CI in comparison to other FIF plans (p< 0.001). Conventional-FIF (C-FIF) was the most homogeneous plan compared to all other FIF plans and SW-IMRT (p≤0.001). The absolute volume of small intestine that received ≥45 Gy (V45) and doses received by a 30% volume of rectum (D30) were dramatically reduced in SW-IMRT (p < 0.001). Conclusion: MLC margins had a substantial influence on OAR doses, HI and CI. A close proximity of CIOPT to 1 indicated that this formulation of CI was a useful plan evaluation tool, which was also compatible with the RTOG 1993 and ICRU-62


Objective: To analyze the different psychological scale features during implement personalized psychology nursing. Methods: We search subject " personalized psychological nursing" in the China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database( CAJD). We do statistical analysis on 222 articles through 2000 to 2012. Results: The literature published less than 10 before 2007. The amount of literature published growth obviously since 2008. The amount of literature published 50 in 2011. The literature number was 51( 23. 0%) with psychological scale. Common psychological scale including Zung Self- Rating Anxiety Scale( SAS),Zung Self- Rating Depression Scale( SDS),the Symptom Checklist 90( SCL- 90),Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale( HAMA),and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale( HAMD). Conclusion: We suggested that 2 or 3 kinds of psychological scale be used at the same time in personalized psychological nursing. The patients' mental state was evaluated with SCL- 90,SAS,and SDS,or SCL- 90,HAMA,and HAMD.


Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is rare disease of the last month of pregnancy and up to five months postpartum. We present the case of a 26-year-old female who developed PPCM in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The first symptoms of autoimmune disease (polyarthritis, hair loss, skin rash) appeared in the 16th week of gestation (WG). Laboratory tests revealed leucopaenia and thrombocytopaenia. In serological tests the presence of antinuclear antibodies, anti-dsDNA antibodies, and anticardiolipin antibodies was observed. In echocardiography the left ventricular (LV) size was 42 mm and ejection fraction (EF) was 70%. Final diagnosis of SLE was made in the 22nd WG. Treatment with immunoglobulin (30 g) and methylprednisolone pulse (3 × 500 mg) was started. Subsequent oral methylprednisolone therapy (32 mg daily) was applied. In the 26th WG the patient was admitted to hospital for continuation of the treatment — immunoglobulin (30 g), methylprednisolone pulse (3 × 250 mg), and subsequent oral methylprednisolone therapy (36 mg daily). During hospitalisation symptoms of pulmonary embolism (dyspnoea, dry cough, tachycardia) and increased level of D-dimer (5030 ng/mL) were observed. The treatment with dalteparin was started and patient was sent to the Department of Cardiology where finally pulmonary embolism was ruled out (angio-CT). In the 31st WG placental abruption occurred. Due to the status of the foetus caesarean section was performed. During operation the status of the patient worsened (saturation fluctuations, tachycardia, vaginal bleeding requiring blood transfusion). Chest radiogram revealed generalised enlargement of the heart and lung changes, which may correspond to pulmonary embolism. Two days after operation sudden cardiac arrest (asystole) occurred twice. In echocardiography (performed the day after) LV size was 51 mm and EF was 10%. The subsequent echocardiography additionally revealed moderate mitral and mild tricuspid insufficiency. Tachycardia was still observed. Cardiological treatment included: dalteparin, perindopril, carvedilol, digoxin, and spironolactone. In control echocardiography after four weeks LV size was 46 mm and EF was 10–15%. Moderate mitral and severe tricuspid insufficiency was present. In the latest echocardiography (after another six weeks) LV size was 33 mm (Fig. 1) and EF was 25–30% (Figs. 2, 3). Trace mitral and tricuspid insufficiency was observed. The patient was initially considered for cardioverter-defibrillator implantation and is now under our observation. The present treatment is as follows: methylprednisolone, enoxaparin, ramipril, carvedilol, spironolactone, and furosemide. One of the suggested mechanisms of PPCM is peri-/postpartum oxidative stress, which may trigger the proteolytic cleavage of prolactin into 16 kDa fragment with potent antiangiogenic, proapoptotic, and proinflammatory properties. This theory is supported by the observation that in animal models of PPCM inhibition of prolactin secretion by bromocriptine prevented the onset of the disease. Prolactin also plays an important role in modulating the immune response and may promote autoimmunity. The role of hyperprolactinaemia in autoimmune diseases, including SLE, is discussed. In our patient hyperprolactinaemia occurring during pregnancy may involve both PPCM and SLE.


Small neodymium magnets are useful tools enabling us to do a lot of experiments usable in physics teaching and learning. Simple experiments with these magnets can be done quickly and at minimal cost. Such experiments are usually used to demonstrate or investigate just qualitative features of magnetic field. However, simple experiments, when combined with small pieces of theory, offer much more than that. In the workshop, the participants went from very simple qualitative observations to experiments that, being still simple and low-cost, enable the measurement of the force between magnets and even to estimate the value of magnetic field B inside magnets and around them. The workshop was led in an inquiry-based style and offered a teaching-learning sequence that teachers can adapt for various levels of schools.


The present study aimed to determine the correlation between SAP values measured by ultrasonic Doppler and the PetMap oscillometric monitor in conscious dogs. A total of 31 healthy dogs, weighing 13.2 ± 4.5 kg, were used. The measurements with the two methods were performed using the cuff provided by the PetMap, whose size was chosen following the manufacturer's instructions and was positioned in the forelimb proximal to the carpus. The Doppler flow probe was placed over the metacarpal artery while a sphygmomanometer was connected to the cuff. In each animal, eight pairs of measurements with the two monitors were performed with an interval of about five minutes between the pairs. SAP values measured by the Doppler and PetMap methods were compared using the Bland Altman method (considering the PetMap as an alternative method) and the Pearson correlation. The cuff/limb circumference ration obtained was 0.49 ± 0.03. A total of 248 pairs of measurements were performed, and 213 measurements were under normotension (SAP 90-150 mmHg) while 35 were during hypertension (SAP> 150 mmHg). The bias was -5.8 ± 14.4 and the 95% limits of agreement were -34 to +22 mmHg. The percent differences between methods in SAP within 10 mmHg and 20 mmHg were 60% and 87%, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.78 (p<0.0001). With the exception of r, all results meet the criteria of the American College of Internal Medicine Veterinary for validation of blood pressure monitors. It was concluded that SAP measured by the PetMap presents good agreement with SAP measured by Doppler in normotensive conscious dogs.


Objective To evaluate the accuracy of the delay time after contrast media administration in intracranial CTA study during brain CT perfusion study.Methods 14 patients with history of episodes of typical transient ischemic attack(TIA)or ischemic cerebrovascular disease were included.After cerebral CT perfusion study,the CTA study of Willis circle was performed with the delay time by measuring the different value between the time to peak(TTP)and beginning scan time of anterior cerebral artery in CT perfusion.The quality of the CTA images were evaluated.Results All the CTA images of the Willis circle were satisfactory.Conclusion It's a satisfactory method based on successful cerebral CTA study to take the time to peak in CT perfusion as the delay time.


The paper presents the mathematical model of a squirrel cage induction motor with higher space harmonics taken into account and the computer simulation of induction motor fault states. We have studied the case of broken rotor bars as the source of rotor electrical asymmetry. Based on the mathematical model, the computer simulation of the influence of rotor cage defect on magnetic field distribution in the cross-section, torque and stator current characteristics of induction machine at different slip values, is performed. The laboratory tests of a healthy motor and one with broken rotor bars show good agreement with simulation results. The ability to model different types of failure states with a digital computer represents a modern practical tool for monitoring and diagnostics of the possible defects or emergency states of industrial drives.


ABSTRACT A leading rationale for increased internationalising of higher education is that it provides a cosmopolitan experience for students, preparing them to become global citizens. On the other hand, in an economy overshadowed by economic policies focused on reducing expenditures on public goods, there are distinct fiscal advantages that overseas students bring to local educational institutions. However, both these possibilities have recently been questioned in Australia by observers who suggest some Chinese students might be agents of the Communist Party of China. This article reports on a group of students from the People's Republic of China in an Australian university. It notes that Chinese students—like many of their non-Chinese classmates—tend to be more focused on recruitment into lucrative and/or prestigious careers back home than on becoming global citizens, or acting as government agents. The article indicates that the surveyed students—also mirroring their local counterparts—are disinclined to interrogate conventional or official accounts of their country's contemporary politics and recent history, despite educational resources available to them. Their aims are primarily utilitarian, rarely idealistic, much less clandestine, and therefore more likely to advance the worldwide neoliberal project than the ideals of cosmopolitanism.


Urban poverty and the rapid growth of population have led to creation of informal settlements. However urban areas are composed of communities of people from different cultures who represent different interests and intense competition of resources. Conflicts occur therefore in competition for jobs, land, housing and other related opportunities. People belonging to less advantaged social status such as women, become increasingly vulnerable to the conflicts. The ethnic, cultural and religious heterogeneity of urban settlers also means that people can no longer depend on their cultures to resolve whatever confiicts they have because there is no common culture. Further, different groups have different points of reference and are not usually under any obligation to consider other groups. The role of the government in conflict resolution therefore becomes very important because this is the main way of regulating people's behavior. In addition, some of the resources belong to the government or require government regulation to deal with especially land and service provision. Non-formal conflict resolution mechanisms are also applied especially since the poor cannot afford to have conflict resolved by the state or other designated bodies. Similarly, most people do not understand how the system works and are often intimidated by it. In other cases, like access to land, there may be legal redress especially since structure owners do not have legal rights to land. The arrangements are mainly informal and the residents have no choice but dwell with conflicts on an informal basis. To achieve the objectives of this study:" both qualitative and quantitative , * research methodologies were used. The qualitative phase consisted of face-toface interviews, administered questionnaires. The qualitative phases consisted several focus group discussionsand in-depth interviews to selected members of the community in question. In essence, the


Sidokumpul society, Bungah Gresik in complete water needs still use the water wells. In 2015, there were 6 cases of deaths due to kidney failure, one of the causes of kidney stones. Hardness in water is very instrumental in the formation of kidney stones. Decreased levels of hardness by boiling is one simple way, easier, and cheaper in improving the quality of raw water, especially water wells that will be used for daily needs. The purpose of this study to determine the levels of hardness in water wells, and how big penurunanan hardness levels after boiling. Boiling is performed at a temperature of 100 ° C with a variation of 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes.This study uses complexometry. Results showed that decreased levels of hardness after boiling. Early water hardness levels are 447.88 mg / l. After boiling for 5 minutes can reduce levels of hardness amounting to 136.13 mg / l with a 30.39% decline, boiling for 10 minutes hardness levels fell by 175.16 mg / l with penuurunan 39.11% and boil for 15 min levels down by 195.66 mg / l with a 43.69% decrease.


Objective To investigate the influence of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) on cardiac function of rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods The diabetic model were established in 20 rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(20 mg/kg).Then the rats were randomly divided into ATRA group and DCM group after 4 weeks.The rats in ATRA group were given ATRA with 20 mg/(kg·d) by intragastric administration,while equal volume purified water were given in DCM group.The left ventricular mass index(LVMI),left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP),the maximal rates of increase/decline of left ventricular pressure(±dp/dtmax),the maximal rates of decrease of left ventricular pressure(-dp/dtmax) and the time of the maximal rates of decrease of left ventricular pressure(-dp/dtmax) were examinated at 8 weeks later.The myocardial ultrastructure were observed with electron microscope.Results All-trans retinoic acid could decreasethe values of LVMI,LVEDP and(t-dp/dt),while increase the LVSP,(+dp/dtmax) and(-dp/dtmax)of rats with diabetic.The electron microscopy results showed collagen accertion,bioblast dilatation in myocardial matrix were decreased,the break and solution of myofibril were slight,the myocardium was well-arranged,the dilatation of endotheliocyte in capillary were slight than in DCM group.Conclusion All-trans retinoic acid could improve the systolic and diastolic function of myocardium,relieve myocardial hypertrophy in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy.


We have analyzed the important problem of contemporary high-energy physics concerning the estimation of some parameters of the observed complex phenomenon. The standard statistical method of the data analysis and minimization was confronted with the Neural Network approaches. For the Natural Neural Networks we have used brains of high school students involved in our Roland Maze Project. The excitement of active participation in real scientific work produced their astonishing performance what is described in the present work. Some preliminary results are given and discussed.


The invention provides a bevel gear train flapping-wing aircraft which belongs to the technical field of mechatronics. The bevel gear train flapping-wing aircraft comprises a flapping mechanism, a main shaft and an empennage, wherein the main shaft is connected with the flapping mechanism and the empennage respectively. The bevel gear train flapping-wing aircraft can enable two wings to have different flapping frequencies and efficiently adjust the flapping relationship between the two wings during the flying process, and can be used for lowering the energy loss caused by different flapping forces of the two wings, and eliminating the influence caused by the unbalanced flapping forces on the two sides.


Abstract This article presents a number of parametric and nonparametric approaches to the analysis of nonexperimental heart transplant data from the Stanford Heart Transplantation Program, and attempts to come to some conclusion regarding whether heart transplantation is life-extending.


Through analysing characteristics of the transmitting period of China,we can fully understand dual economic effects of monopoly in the transmitting period and put forward countermeasures in order to establish the system of market economy and the best market structure of resources distribution which are really suited to China. [


This paper resolves an important puzzle in corporate finance — why do firms maintain such low levels of debt, given the apparently modest costs of bankruptcy? — by identifying a previously overlooked friction: the risk associated with human capital. In a setting in which employees are averse to their own human capital risk, while equity holders are not, we derive the optimal compensation contract and show that it implies that, with no other frictions, all firms will be unlevered. We then consider the eect of corporate taxes, and derive optimal debt levels that are consistent with the levels observed. An important characteristic of this friction is that employees bear the costs of bankruptcy, not firms. Because these costs are impossible to measure directly, existing empirical studies that attempt to measure the costs of bankruptcy grossly underestimate them.


Echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) allows for mapping one spatial dimension and the spectroscopic dimension in a single readout. Modern clinical magnetic resonance imaging scanners are becoming widely equipped with echo planar imaging gradient capabilities. Thus there exists an enormous potential for EPSI to facilitate clinical magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Here, a pedagogical analysis of how the spectral and spatial encoding occur within EPSI is provided along with demonstrations of the technique and a discussion of the inherent signal-to-noise limitations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 13: 213–237, 2001


Abstract From 1904 to 1919, Pol De Mont (1857–1931) was curator-in-chief of Antwerp's Fine Arts museum, one of Belgium's oldest and most important municipal galleries. One of his tasks consisted of expanding the collection. Local private collectors had already been involved with the museum. In fact, a local tradition of gift-giving dated back to the beginning of the nineteenth century. De Mont acknowledged the potential of private donations and established himself as one of the leaders of Antwerp's municipal gift culture. At the same time, he respected the viewpoints of donors, some of whom who had been active in the field of fine arts longer than him. In order to direct patrons towards the museum, he created enduring bonds with donors, combining expertise with a personal approach. This article discusses how De Mont's curatorial practice interacted with the agency of donors and vice versa. He combined research, connoisseurship, and art market insight to establish his authority. Furthermore, this article demonstrates how De Mont persuaded patrons to donate. His analysis of the obligatory nature of gifts was crucial, inherent to the social dimension of what he perceived as a historic gift culture. In this process, De Mont's personality and creativity also played a role insofar as he was highly persuasive and used language and metaphors to stress the validity of patronage; and he expressed genuine friendship and respect towards patrons and placed his expertise in their service.


This paper introduced least squares support vector machine and the basic theory of spectral detection.Using least squares support vector machine the paper established the spectral correction model,simulated all kinds of liquor,and measured the values of alcohol content.The results show that the accuracy of the least squares support vector machine algorithm is higher than that of other algorithms,such as principal component analysis,partial least squares method and soon.


The kinetics of oxidation of diethanolamine and triethanolamine by potassium ferrate(VI) in alkaline liquids at a constant ionic strength has been studied spectrophotometrically in the temperature range of 278.2 K-293.2 K. The reaction shows first order dependence on potassium ferrate(VI), first order dependence on each reductant, The observed rate constant (kobs) decreases with the increase in [OH-], the reaction is negative fraction order with respect to [OH-]. A plausible mechanism is proposed and the rate equations derived from the mechanism can explain all the experimental results. The rate constants of the rate-determining step and the thermodynamic activation parameters are calculated.


A method for removing a resist pattern having a resist pattern forming step of forming a resist pattern on a substrate using a chemically amplified positive resist composition and a removing step of removing the resist pattern from the Substrate using a solvent, a composition prepared by dissolving (A) an alkali Soluble resin having a hydroxyl group in the side chain, (B) a photo acid generator and (C) a compound repre sented by the following general formula (I):


This paper deals with the problem of subsample time delay estimation of complex signal based on polynomial interpolation. Time delay estimation is performed by cross-correlation time approach. Three polynomial interpolation techniques applied to the discrete complex cross-correlation function in the neighborhood of its maximum are proposed. These methods show high processing speed and allow obtaining accurate real-valued time delay estimation when digital complex signals are processed. The comparative analysis between these methods is performed. A rigorous analytical solution for the correction of time delay estimation for one of the proposed methods is obtained for the case of the third-order polynomial interpolation. This solution is applied for an equidistant grid of discrete cross-correlation function samples. One can improve the accuracy of time delay estimates by using aforementioned correction. A numerical simulation is performed to quantify the accuracy of the time delay estimates when using the proposed methods for the case where a stationary random process described by the first-order autoregressive mode is chosen as a model of original signal. The main results were presented and discussed at XIV All-Russian conference "Radar and telecommunication".


Elevated exposure to Ultra-Violet Radiation (UVR) from the sun has led to adverse effects on human skin and foods, and therefore, the need for materials that offer resistance to Ultra-Violet (UV) penetration for protection. Some building window and non-window-materials, car-glasses, Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) rubber and plastic materials have been investigated to determine their transparencies and suitability for use as shields against UVR. These were studied by directly measuring scattered solar radiation through the optical window of a spectrometer and then measuring the scattered light when the window was completely covered with the material to be examined. Wavelengths of light that were not absorbed when sunlight was incident on the samples and the transmitted intensity of sunlight at each wavelength through each sample as compared to the transmitted intensity through air were determined in the UVB and UVA spectral regions. The results showed that the building window-glasses were opaque to UVB but transparent to UVA while the non-window-glasses exhibited transparency in the UVB and UVA spectral regions. The car-glass (laminated), used as windscreen, was opaque to UVB and UVA while the side-glass (non-laminated) was opaque to UVB but transparent to UVA. Perspex, sometimes used as an alternative to windscreen and side-glass in cars, exhibited transparency in UVB and UVA spectral regions. The LLDPE materials used for food storage were transparent to UVB and UVA while the PET plastic materials used for water, fruit juice and beverage storage was opaque to UVB but transparent to UVA.


Considering the randomness and uncertainty of wind power, a reliability model of WTGs is established based on the combination of the Weibull distribution and the Markov chain. To analyze the failure mode quickly, we use the switch-section partitioning method. After defining the first-level load zone node, we can obtain the supply power sets of the first-level load zone nodes with each WTG. Based on the supply sets, we propose the dynamic division strategy of island operation. By adopting the fault analysis method with the attributes defined in the switch-section, we evaluate the reliability of the distribution network with WTGs using a sequential Monte Carlo simulation method. Finally, using the IEEE RBTS Bus6 test system, we demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed model and method by comparing different schemes to access the WTGs.


Within technical communication, understanding the complexities of procedural knowledge and discourse is crucial to creating effective user documentation in many forms. In addition to providing insights into procedural knowledge, this chapter explores differences between descriptive technical discourse and procedural technical discourse that helps people gain procedural knowledge. The chapter also explores several implications of these differences for creating effective procedural discourse, including the importance of usability testing of instructions, followed by a discussion addressing several myths about the creation of and importance of procedural discourse. The chapter closes with implications for future research into procedural knowledge and discourse.


Modern Trends in Blood Diseases. Edited by John F. Wilkinson, M.D., M.Sc., Ph.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.I.C. (Pp. viii + 359; 91 black and white illustrations, 2 colour plates. 65s.) London: Butterworth & Co. (Publishers) Ltd. 1955. This book aims at being a guide to the present trends of the more important clinical and experimental aspects of hematology during the last twenty years. With such a laudable aim it is disappointing to find some important subjects neglected and several included which come doubtfully within the book's alleged scope. Amongst the most serious omissions is any consideration of polycythemia, its relation to other myeloproliferative disorders, and its treatment which has progressed so successfully in the last decade. In addition there is no mention of the thrombocytopenias and disorders of coagulation. Nothing significant is written either about myelomatosis which, with its protean manifestations and biochemical interest, merits inclusion somewhere. On the other hand, subjects whose inclusion seems of doubtful value are those on the fundal changes and bone changes of blood diseases. The chapter on hematological techniques is orthodox but unfortunately stresses red cell counting without considering its statistical assessment, and no mention is made of the value of the hematocrit and the importance of centrifugal force and its duration in refining its accuracy. This chapter also omits to mention the value of serial section of bone-marrow aspirates. A few chapters set a high and rewarding standard in this book. Finest of these is an excellent and lucid discussion of iron metabolism by two people who have played such a notable part in its research, Drs. Moore and Dubach. This chapter makes excellent reading and, taken with the discussion by Drs. Cartwright and Wintrobe on the anaemia of infection, is the highlight of the book. Other good chapters include that on the blood pigments by Dr. Rimington and those on anticoagulant therapy and iso-immunization. Two chapters on leukvmia leave the impression that they could be condensed, and some ,of the tables assessing treatment by different antimetabolites include so few patients that they would be better omitted. The hemolytic an.mias are discussed by Drs. Crosby and Damashek, but here, after a promising start, the authors attempt to cover too much ground and there is room for little more than a brief comment about most of the subjects. Other subjects covered include the dermatological aspects of blood diseases, pxediatric hematology, vitamin B12 and the reticuloses. On the whole much of this book proves disappointing both from the point of view of the ground covered and the individual merit of some of its chapters; two or three of these are, however, of high quality.


WINTER 2005 Like Ronald Hyam's equally flawed Empire and Sexuality (1990), Aldrich's Colonialism and Homosexuality has a lot to offer its readers. Like Hyam's, this book makes an important statement about the centrality of homosexual behaviors to the larger fields of imperial history, European history, and cultural studies. And it contains a wealth of information that should keep literary scholars and historians with keener eyes for detail than Aldrich's busy for years to come. Yet like Hyam's landmark book, this tome reads too much like a recovery project. There is too much interest in reclaiming his subjects for a trajectory of gay history and too little interest in understanding the nuances of homosex as it was actually practiced. The work is peppered with judgmental statements about people's sexual identities—"It might be better to label [Pierre] Loti, at least emotionally, bisexual" (142) is a case in point—and presents seamless biographical narratives, replete with speculative renderings of people's thoughts. With its old-fashioned ideas about what constitutes sexuality, its lack of dialogue with theories of queer identity, and its debt to the "hidden from history" school of research, Colonialism and Homosexuality is an amazing compendium of information, but one whose time passed even before it was published. Ross G. Forman School of Oriental and African Studies


The triaxial compression creep test on concrete specimens of tunnel lining structure is performed by the MTS-815 hydraulic servo system.The stage of accelerating creep appears when the ratio of compression creep strength to compressive strength is about 0.85.A combined viscoelastic plasticity model is developed after the characteristics of concrete creep deformation were analyzed,which can be used to describe the creep behavior and whole creep process of the tunnel lining structure.The combined model is characterized by a visco-elastoplastic deviatoric behavior and an elastoplastic volumetric behavior.The viscoelastic constitutive law corresponds to the Burger model,and the plastic constitutive law corresponds to a Mohr-Coulomb model.The characteristics of viscoelastic plasticity can be described by the combined model.The problem which the typical Burgers model only can be used to describe viscoelasticity creep is resolved perfectly.In addition,the methods to solve triaxial compression creep model parameters are given and the parameters of tunnel lining structure are determined.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of atioxidants supplementation and endurance exercise on the activities of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase. Twenty collegiate were participated in the maximal exercise test before and 8weeks actioxidants vitamin supplementation. The Subjects were divided into two groups; vitamin C supplementation group(n=10), placebo group(n=10). The results of the study can be summarized as follows; MDA and SOD levels of vitamin C supplementation group in 8weeks endurance exercise was significantly different but those of placebo group in 8weeks endurance exercise was very alike. The change of lipid peroxidation caused by 8weeks endurance exercise was significantly different according to vitamin C supplementation. The concentration of MDA reduced by vitamin C supplementation. The effect of vitamin C supplementation was beneficial to reduce the concentration of MDA caused by high intensity exercise. These data suggest that intensity endurance exercise can results in a significantly increase as indicated, but in can results in a signigicant improvement on SOD activity as anti-oxdant defense system. On the other hand, it was suggest that regular physical training can results in a reduction in lipid peroxidation responses in trained individual compared with untrained individual.


A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for the identification of pulmonary nodules in low-dose multi-detector helical Computed Tomography (CT) images was developed in the framework of the MAGIC-5 Italian project. One of the main goals of this project is to build a distributed database of lung CT scans in order to enable automated image analysis through a data and cpu GRID infrastructure. The basic modules of our lung-CAD system, a dot-enhancement filter for nodule candidate selection and a neural classifier for false-positive finding reduction, are described. The system was designed and tested for both internal and sub-pleural nodules. The results obtained on the collected database of low-dose thin-slice CT scans are shown in terms of free response receiver operating characteristic (FROC) curves and discussed.


Application of sex pheromone is the most environmental-friendly technique to control pests. Moreover, it has been discovered that pheromone analogs can disturb or inhibit mating communication in some species of moths. Ectropis grisescens Warren (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is the most severe tea defoliator in China. Thus, in our study, an analog of the pest sex pheromone component, (Z, Z, Z)-3,6,9-nonadecadiene (Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy), was selected to determine its potential activity in controlling the pest. Electroantennogram (EAG), Y-tube olfactometer, and wind tunnel experiments separately showed potential inhibition of Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy. The response elicited by Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy displayed a dose-dependent way in EAG test. Furthermore, in Y-tube olfactometer, percentage of positive response of E. grisescens males was significantly (P<0.01) reduced by Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy up to 70%. In wind tunnel, all types of behavioral response were significantly (P<0.01) inhibited by Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy, percentage of contacting source was utterly inhibited at the lowest dose tested. Based on these results, the combination of the analog and SNMP1 protein was also studied. Our study revealed the potential of Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy as a sex pheromone inhibitor, which would provide new perspectives in monitoring and mating disruption of E. grisescens in pest-control strategies.


In this paper we estimate the wealth of Mozambique in 2000 and 2005 in order to assess the sustainability of its development path, relying mainly on Arrow (2007). Our results show that Mozambican growth is driven mainly by human and physical capital accumulation, while the pressure on natural capital remains quite low. The growth of total factor productivity, which can be understood as an accumulation of technological capital and the better performing institutions, significantly enhances the outcome of the different capital assets. Population growth has a strong downward effect on wealth per capita, which nevertheless continued growing during the period.


The market for digital projectors has the potential of high quantities for the entertainment electronics. A system based on a RGB laser module would be a very compact solution with a higher brightness and efficiency compared to the current discharge lamps. That would lead to a whole new field of applications for mobile projection. Laser diodes of necessary power and lifetime are available for the blue and the red wavelengthes what leaves the efficient, compact, green laser source to be developed.


The Mobbing is a relatively new modern notion that meets the scientific and professional literature in the Republic of Macedonia in the last 4-5 years. The mobbing itself is defined as repeated, non-physical harassment at work in a certain period, which aims to humble and disdain workers.
Forms of the mobbing that has been occurring in the world and European practice often relate to psychophysical harassment of the workers, various forms of sexual harassment, discrimination, national and religious grounds, and discrimination because of belonging to different economic backgrounds, party and social group.
In terms of legislation in the Republic of Macedonia, amendments to the Labor Law (Official Gazette no. 158 of 09.12.2010 - consolidated text) were not sufficient to protect workers in the private and public sectors of psychophysical harassment at the workplace.
Officially reported data for an attack on men and women and sexual assault against women in the Republic of Macedonia, compared with average data with those of Western Europe are relatively low. This indicates that awareness of victims is relatively low and the number of reported cases is small.


Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde and Acetaldol with Modified Pd-Supported Catalysts. II. On the Influence of a Chromium Modification of Pd/Al2O3 Catalysts

The catalytic properties in hydrogenation reactions on chromium containing Pd/Al2O3 catalysts are influenced by an "esemble effect." The specific activity in the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde to n-butyraldehyde is independent of the chromium content in the Pd/Al2O3 catalysts. But the specific activity for the hydrogenolysis of ethane is decresed with the chromium content of the catalysts. On the other hand, was observed that the specific activity of the conversion of acetaldol to n-butyraldehyde rises with increasing chromium content. This specific activity is higher than the specific hydrogenation activity.

This fact can be considered as an argument for an asynchron hydrogenolysis of the hydroxyl group in the formation of n-butyraldehyde from acetaldol on PdCr/Al2O3 catalysts.


We introduce an extension of Hamiltonian dynamics, defined on hyper-Kahler manifolds, which we call `hyper-Hamiltonian dynamics'. We show that this has many of the attractive features of standard Hamiltonian dynamics. We also discuss the prototypical integrable hyper-Hamiltonian systems, i.e. quaternionic oscillators.


Received Jun 12th, 201x
 Recent technological developments and environmental changes that have occurred in recent decades have affected the economic environment and significantly affected the accounting field, where a large spread of industrial enterprises has emerged, which led to increased competition and complexity of the wishes and needs of customers. The research adopted on the topic of Lean accounting, which recognizes the importance of integration between Lean accounting techniques and sustainable balanced scorecard, and how the application of these techniques will reflect the views. This study aimed to determine the role of Lean accounting. There are many results and, more importantly, there is an integral relationship between Lean accounting methods and sustainable balanced scorecard views, reflecting the use of meager methods (value stream, continuous improvement) in a positive way on sustainable scorecard views, and as a result of achieving Balanced and sustainable strategic performance. The study concluded some recommendations such as activating the use of the value principle of accounting Lean was higher to eliminate waste and loss, as well as to maximize the benefits of economic units by finding solutions to problems and obstacles facing the production process


The influence of 3 weeks of mild aerobic exercise on plasma volume in five previously sedentary university students was investigated. Predicted maximal oxygen uptake measured by the Astrand‐Ryhming submaximal cycle ergometer test increased significantly by 7.6 ml kg−1 min−1 (25.3%; p = 0.013). Hematocrit decreased significantly by 3.4% of its original value, with a concomitant plasma volume increase of 5.9% (p ≤0.05). The small subject number producing this significant finding attests to the robustness of a plasma volume change accompanying routine mild recreational exercise.


The application of simulation technology in high anti-shock design of naval vessel's electronic equipment was introduced.The series of modeling of main bracket structure,setting of boundary condition,and results analysis were introduced with a real case of settling naval vessel's problems in anti-shock experimentation.The method of simulation-optimal design,re-simulation-re-optimal design was applied on the main bracket and stressed section,to achieve the optimization purpose and meet the high anti-shock requirement.


The litfire computer code was developed to simulate a lithium fire with air in a fusion reactor. To assess the safety implications of the presence of water near the reactor, it was necessary to modify LITFIRE to model the presence of water as well as steam. The modified code was used to investigate the consequence of steam-air reactions with lithium spills inside the containment as well as spills inside the plasma torus


This paper presents a study of the short-term liquidity in China stock market by using the bid-ask spread and depth of the days trading model.The results show that: the change of bid-ask spread and depth of trading was in the opposite trend in both Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets;the relative spread is in a negative correlation with the stock price and trading volume,but in a positive correlation with the volatility;the depth of trading is positively correlated with the volume and negatively correlated with volatility.The liquidity was firstly impacted by the stock prices,followed by the volatility,and then by the trading volume.In terms of the fact that the overall liquidity of the stock market is relatively weak in China,we suggest that the Chinese stock market trading system should be reformed to improve the information transparency,strengthen the market supervision,reduce transaction costs appropriately,and enhance the level of liquidity.


[1] Large-scale magnetopause disturbances can result from several different types of events, including those resulting from phenomena in the foreshock region. In this observational report, we present multipoint THEMIS observations of a magnetopause disturbance along the dawnside, equatorial flank that exhibits distinct flows in the magnetospheric plasma and an abnormally strong compression of the plasma density within it, which peaks at >7X the density of the near-Earth solar wind. We find that the fastest ion and electron flows are related to two different processes, the ion flows resulting from plasma being displaced around the disturbance and field-aligned electron flows, possibly related to magnetic reconnection. Interestingly, the magnetospheric plasma flows around the disturbance are very similar to those previously reported around flux transfer events, but we conclude that the disturbance is most likely the result of regions of compressed and rarified plasma density in the sheath resulting from a foreshock cavity. We present simple schematics of this foreshock cavity and its leading-edge compression region that explain many of the observed features and discuss possibilities for the intense density enhancement. Using the simultaneous THEMIS observations from the magnetosphere, magnetosheath, and solar wind, we propose that the abnormal density enhancement was the result of a combination of compression effects due to the magnetosheath and the cavity's leading-edge compression region coupled with some complex interaction near the magnetopause along the event's distinct boundary layer.


ABSTRACT A digital soil map of Quintana Roo was compiled at a 50 m pixel resolution using a geomorphopedological approach to produce a map that reflects a synoptic view of the geomorphology, environmental conditions and associated soils. Initially, it was developed using a geopedological approach and then converted to a digital map. The map was derived from soil-forming factors using mathematical methods to infer information in places where data were not available. Its compilation included three stages; the first two follow the geopedological approach that consists of a synthesis of data from the characterization of the geomorphological landscapes (vertical dissection, karst geomorphometrics, failures, geology) and soils, and the third stage incorporating environmental components (climate and vegetation) and related variables through various methods of statistical analysis (cluster, principal components and classification analysis) to obtain the pattern of soil distribution and to develop a model for the digital soil map of the study area.


A thrombus removal apparatus is disclosed. It includes a balloon catheter 20 with a balloon 36 at a distal end 12. A thrombus retrieval means, such as an aspiration catheter 50 is disposed proximally to the distal end of the balloon catheter. Preferably, the aspiration catheter is disposed coaxially over the balloon catheter 20. The balloon catheter 20 includes a supply element for the administration of bio-active lytic agent, preferably in the form of a plurality of holes 30, 32. The apparatus does not seal off completely the zone of the vessel 14 around the thrombus 42, thereby allowing movement of blood within the vessel 14. The balloon 36 is preferably shaped so that it can be pulled along the vessel 14 in an upstream direction so as to drag against the vessel walls for assisting in the removal of the thrombus 42.


A way for injection, capable of sustained release of bovine somatotropin, comprising a mixture of a wax and an oil batch.


: Humanity today has high expectations and hopes for the use of artificial intelligence on a large scale. Is AI capable of generating an ethic to save both the planet and contemporary society? The current paper paints a picture of the society of the future and the great changes that will occur due to the explosive development of new information technologies; it argues the reasons why ethics will have to be further formulated in the social context by involving transdisciplinary communities of specialists. The analysis was made based on the results obtained regarding the state of the art in science, technology, and engineering, and is based on the inability of communities to incorporate and make optimal use of innovations. At the same time, it aims to develop the ethical principles that underlie further development.


The invention relates to a process and a device for rapidly growing a sapphire crystal material of a corundum system by virtue of a flame fusion method and belongs to the field of processes and devices for preparing crystals of the corundum system by virtue of the flame fusion method. By improvement on the crystal growth process, the rapid growth method is effectively broken through, the difficulty of not large growth size of the crystal is completely solved, the production efficiency is greatly improved and the production cost is further effectively controlled. Furthermore, at a high temperature of 2050 DEG C, the low-melting-point impurity in gamma-Al2O3 powder is gasified, the high-melting-point impurity is oxidized under an oxidizing atmosphere, the growth process of the crystal is fully realized, the repurification and recrystallization processes of the crystal are completed in fact, therefore, under the new process condition, the purity of alpha-Al2O3 sapphire crystal reaches up to 99.9998% and the requirement of users on the purity of the crystal is fully met. The whole set of device has simple and reasonable structure and design, is scientific and practical and suitable for being popularized in the industry and the crystal growth operation is efficiently performed in high quality manner.


The reasons that result in nonlinear optical effects are analyzed,and the laser-induced thermal effect of a new fluorinederivative is investigated by the z-scan method with 488nm continuouslaser.The results of experiments and theory are in accord with each other,and the thermoptical coefficient dn/dT of the material is large.


The effect of the drug Metformin has been studied, employing Mice genome ( mus musculus 2n=40) . Three doses 250, 500 and 1000 mg/ml in addition to the negative control were tested. The results obtained has now been reported for the first time; since a significant increases in sperms 10 fold-increases were obtained. It seems probable that such effect might be caused by enhancement of cell division.


Burnout is considered an occupational health concern. The burnout–depression overlap is an important area of research as the foundations of burnout and its diagnostic value have come under increasing scrutiny, calling for burnout to not be classified as an independent disorder but rather as a subtype of depression. Furthermore, as burnout is defined as a work-specific syndrome, workplace factors have been argued to be the major indicators of burnout. Recent research however, calls this into question. This study seeks to establish the overlap between burnout and depressive symptoms and to determine if burnout is in fact a multi-domain phenomenon. A cross-sectional research design was used, a convenience sample of educators from the Gauteng province of South Africa was collected (N = 399). Confirmatory factor analysis was applied in a structural equation modelling framework. Discriminant validity analysis was conducted by investigating the average variance extracted and the shared variance between constructs. Finally, relative weight analysis was conducted to ascertain the unique contribution explained by the work-specific and general life domain factors. Results showed that burnout could be distinguished from depressive symptoms. Job demands, depressive symptoms, and satisfaction with life all explained significant amounts of variance in the burnout construct. Relative weight analysis revealed that emotional load and depressive symptoms explained equal amounts of variance in burnout, but that the aggregated work-specific factors explained the most variance in burnout. This study indicates that burnout is a multi-domain phenomenon and not isolated to the domain of work. Further research is needed in this regard.


The objective of this work was to evaluate the application of the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus in the precipitation of Cr in synthetic chromic wastewaters. The microalga came from the collection of the National Center for Scientific Research. It was immobilized in polyurethane foam in a reactor of 150 L of capacity and working with initial metal concentrations of 20, 60 and 100 mg/L. The precipitation was the process that was favored in the metal removal. An effectiveness bigger than 95 % was achieved in chromium removal, that meant metal concentrations lower than the maximum permissible discharge standards in waters, according to the Cuban Standard NC 27:1999, for the concentration of 20 mg/L. These results suggest the capacity of Scenedesmus obliquus of removing chromium through precipitation in galvanic effluents, under the studied conditions. Key words: microlgae, Scenedesmus obliquus, chromium, recovery, wastewater treatment.


Government accounting is one of the most important areas of the on-going reform of fiscal management in China.Related practices in developed countries will provide helpful experiences for China.The author studies the international practices and compares main patterns of government accounting,then suggests that accrual conversion should take a gradual,prudent path and be harmonized with fiscal management reform,Simultaneously,restructuring government accounting system and setting accounting standards and financial report system are fundamental steps for the reform.


Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant cause ofnosocomial and community acquired infections which are difficult to treat.Furthermore, MRSA has recently been reported to colonize and causeinfections in domestic pets and food production animals. One specific clone(ST398) has been found with high prevalence, especially in pigs. As severalhuman cases have already been traced back to colonized animals, an infectionwith MRSA may today be considered as a zoonosis. A joint study of the BfRand authorities of two federal states in Germany revealed the prevalence ofMRSA in healthy pigs at slaughter, too.This paper addresses the question via which routes and with which probabilityconsumers can be colonized with animal related MRSA. Pig farmers,veterinarians, and abattoir workers dealing with pigs have an increased risk ofexposure to animal related MRSA than other people. It is obvious that MRSA isan occupational hazard for this group of people. Food production andprocessing have to be considered as one potential exposure route of MRSA forthe consumer. Contamination of meat with MRSA is likely to occur at variousstages of the processing chain, either by carry over from colonized body sites tothe carcass, by cross contamination, through the environment of processingfacilities or by people involved in the handling of carcasses or meat. A recentstudy from the Netherlands found MRSA in small quantities in about 11 % of1300 samples of several raw meat products, e.g. turkey, chicken, veal and pork.Due to lacking information on e.g. dose-response, prevalence and quantity ofMRSA in meat and commodities a valid assessment of the consumers risk iscurrently not feasible. Up to now, there is no evidence that MRSA ST398 isspread via the food chain. However, animal products remain a potential sourceof MRSA. More research is needed to quantify the risk of colonization ofconsumers with MRSA via the food chain.


New synthetic routes are presented to derivatives of a (known) M8L12 cubic coordination cage in which a range of different substituents are attached at the C4 position of the pyridyl rings at either end of the bis(pyrazolyl-pyridine) bridging ligands. The substituents are (i) –CN groups (new ligand LCN), (ii) –CH2OCH2–CCH (containing a terminal alkyne) groups (new ligand LCC); and (iii) –(CH2OCH2)3CH2OMe (tri-ethyleneglycol monomethyl ether) groups (new ligand LPEG). The resulting functionalised ligands combine with M2+ ions (particularly Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+) to give isostructural [M8L12]16+ cage cores bearing 24 external functional groups; the cages based on LCN (with M2+ = Cd2+) and LCC (with M2+ = Ni2+) have been crystallographically characterised. The value of these is twofold: (i) exterior nitrile or alkene substituents can provide a basis for further synthetic opportunities via 'Click' reactions allowing in principle a diverse range of functionalisation of the cage exterior surface; (ii) the exterior –(CH2OCH2)3CH2OMe groups substantially increase cage solubility in both water and in organic solvents, allowing binding constants of cavity-binding guests to be measured under an increased range of conditions.


Abstract The effect of surface roughness on static and dynamic characteristics of parabolic slider bearing lubricated with couple stress fluid in the presence of magnetic field is theoretically analysed in this paper. The modified stochastic MHD couple stress Reynolds-type equation is derived on the basis of Christensen stochastic theory and considered two types of roughness pattern namely longitudinal and transverse. Expressions for steady pressure and load, dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients are obtained for both roughness patterns. Compared to smooth surface, transverse roughness pattern provides larger load-carrying capacity, dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients, whereas longitudinal roughness pattern has adverse effects. The presence of couple stress and applied magnetic field improves the bearing performance.


ABSTRACT Teamwork and communication are essential to effective work groups in health care. This project investigated how an impending technology change spurred the staff in an ophthalmological surgical department to improve their teamwork and communication processes. Data were gathered using focus groups, key informant interviews, and workplace observations involving 56 employees. Qualitative, interpretive analysis indicated that lack of communication impacted team processes and job satisfaction. Participants indicated that sharing knowledge and developing policy knowledge were problematic, especially as those processes concerned job duties. Results were interpreted using structurating activity theory. Analysis identified system-level and structural-level contradictions that hindered activity accomplishment. Several practical implications of findings are offered, including using the experience of work team contradictions as opportunities to transform practices, implementing ongoing inter-professional training for work teams, and providing opportunities for work team members to be reflective about their team experiences. Future research suggestions are offered for extending findings.


For $n\geq 1$, let $\rho_n$ denote the standard action of $GL_2(\Z)$ on the space $P_n(\Z)\simeq\Z^{n+1}$ of homogeneous polynomials of degree $n$ in two variables, with integer coefficients. For $G$ a non-amenable subgroup of $GL_2(\Z)$, we describe the maximal Haagerup subgroups of the semi-direct product $\Z^{n+1}\rtimes_{\rho_n} G$, extending the classification of Jiang-Skalski \cite{JiSk} of the maximal Haagerup subgroups in $\Z^2\rtimes SL_2(\Z)$. We prove that, for $n$ odd, the group $P_n(\Z)\rtimes SL_2(\Z)$ admits infinitely many pairwise non-conjugate maximal Haagerup subgroups which are free groups; and that, for $n$ even, the group $P_n(\Z)\rtimes GL_2(\Z)$ admits infinitely many pairwise non-conjugate maximal Haagerup subgroups which are isomorphic to $SL_2(\Z)$.


W. V. O. Quine's critique on dichotomy between the analytic and the synthetic has a far-reaching impact on the development of analytical philosophy. However, all through the ages there are also many controversies concerning understanding its content and his argumentation. In this article the author wants to make some clarification, especially to demonstrate that Quine did not refute merely the concept of analytical truths in its sense.