text:
(Archived document, may contain errors)
I I 291 September 20, 1983 AS ISRAEL AND THE ARABS BAn4 MOSCOW COLLECTS THE DIVIDENDS INTRODUCTION The Soviet Union has been the chief beneficiary of the inter minable Arab-Israeli conflict. have sacrificed immense quantities of their countrymen and re- sources in the six wars since 1948, Mosco w has gained influence in Arab capitals, grist for its propaganda mill, and access both to military bases from Arab states and to the PLO terrorist network. The Soviet Union has penetrated the Arab world and encouraged the spread of radical anti-Western re g imes by exploiting Arab-Israeli tensions and transferring massive amounts of military hardware to Arab belligerents While Israel and its Arab neighbors The Arab-Israeli conflict has enabled Moscow to build patron- client relationships with Arab states tha t otherwise would have little need for a Soviet connection, given the lackluster appeal of Soviet ideology, technology, and economic assistance. Egypt, Moscow~s first Arab client state, provided the Soviets,with naval facilities and air bases in return for Soviet military aid after its humiliating defeat in the 1967 Arab-Israeli war Egypt sub- sequently ousted the Soviet presence and sought to settle its dif- ferences with Israel through negotiations rather than war, but Syria has stepped forward to take it s place i The ongoing Soviet military buildup in Syria is an extremely destabilizing influence because the long-range SAM-5 anti-aircraft missiles that Moscow has installed there threaten Israeli air superiority in the region, weaken Israel's ability to de t er Syrian mischief making in Lebanon, and embolden the Syrians to take greater risks in Lebanon and elsewhere. In addition to threaten- ing Lebanese and Israeli airspace, the SAM-5s are a potential threat to the NATO airbase at Incirlik, Turkey, and Ameri c an air- craft carrier operations in the eastern Mediterranean. The Soviet military buildup in Syria has raised the possibility of future I 2 clashes between Israel and the Soviet Union and heightened the risk of superpower confrontation in the Middle East .
SOVIET GOALS IN THE MIDDLE EAST Although the Arab-Israeli conflict is not the only means by To be sure, the Soviets have profitsd which the Soviet Union has gained influence in the Middle East it is the most important. greatly from anti-colonial, inter-A rab, and Arab-Iranian struggles. Untarnished by a colonial relationship with the Arab world, al- though it possessed a large "internal colony11 of Central Asian Muslims, Moscow could portray itself as an ally of Arab nationalism against the dominant Europ ean powers after World War 11. It sup- ported radical pan-Arab movements against conservative and moderate governments as a means of weakening Western, particularly British and American, influence in the Middle East.
While the Soviets successfully exploite d anti-colonial and inter-Arab disputes, these lacked the long-term emotional appeal, the unifying prospective political benefits of fishing in troubled Arab-Israeli waters. By the early 1960s, the major states of the Arab world had won their independence , and the Soviet anti-colonial drive netted decreasing returns. Aside from the Palestinians, there was only a dwindling number of I'national liberation" move- ments for Moscow to support without alienating a client state.
Soviet aid to the Kurds, for insta nce, would enrage the Iraqis. Picking sides in inter-Arab disputes was risky because.of the kaleidoscopic transformations of Arab blocs, the unpredictable gyrations of individual Arab regimes, and the internal political instability of important Arab clien ts such as Syria and Iraq. While meddling in inter-Arab affairs could easily backfire, anti- Israeli actions were 'almost ,certain to be appreciated by all Arab states regardless of sudden ideological, leadership or alliance shifts.
Soviet Middle East poli cy also because it enabled the Soviets to tap their principal source of national power--military strength by channeling a massive flow of weaponry into the Arab confronta- tion states--Egypt, Syria, Iraq, and Libya. This was all the more important because the Soviets could not hope to compete with the West in terms of economic aid. Although Moscow undertook showcase projects like the Aswan High Dam in Egypt, Soviet economic advisors were more knowledgeable about rationing scarce goods than efficient- ly pr oducing useful goods.
Soviet-style Communism had no natural Arab constituency aside from dictators seeking a rationalization for their despotism, disaffect- ed intellectuals seeking a greater role in their societies, and minority groups seeking an end to d iscrimination in the promised The Arab-Israeli conflict was a paramount consideration in Nor did Soviet ideology appeal much to the Arab world 3 llclasslesslt society. Arab communist parties were tolerated inter mittently in countries seeking Soviet suppo r t, but never trusted.l sistently been the prime determinants of Soviet Middle East policy.2 Local communists have been sacrificed repeatedly to further Soviet interests. By supporting Arab hardliners in their wars against Israel, the Soviet Union has ingr a tiated itself with the Arabs, muffled their criticism of Soviet p~licy and inhibited discussion of the Soviet threat to their independence. By backing the Arab confrontation states against Israel, the Soviet Union has pursued several major goals 1) erosio n of Western influence in the Middle East 2) supplanting the Arab states' Western ties* with those to the Soviet bloc 3) establishment of Soviet military power astride major Western oil routes and lines of communication 4) outflanking NATO from the south; a nd (5) escalation of the political and economic costs of Western access to Middle Eastern oil Strategic considerations, not ideological factors, have con In pursuing these goals, Moscow has faced two dilemmas. For one thing, Arab states have not used thei r Soviet arms wisely or well.4 Moscow confronts the challenge of funneling enough weapons to the Arabs to satisfy their security needs without their being tempted to attack Israel, thereby precipitating a defeat for Soviet arms or a Soviet confrontation wi th the United States. This is now the case in Syria where Moscow has underwritten a massive mili- tary buildup.
The second dilemma is how far Moscow can go to shield its often unpredictable and undependable Arab c lients from the conse- quences of their aggression. In the past Arab-Israeli wars, Moscow has faced a choice between risky military intervention on behalf of an Arab client or abstention at the cost of.losing influence, prestige, and credibility. The most recent instance of this pro- blem occurred during the 1982 Israeli intervention in Lebanon EARLY SOVIET INVOLVEMENT IN THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT Although the Soviets denounce Zionism as a Itbourgeois-national- 1st tendency" and denounce Zionists as Britis h and American agents the Soviet Union in November 1947 voted in the United Nations for See Arnold Hottinger Arab Communism at Low Ebb," Problems of Communism July-August 1981.
See Alvin Rubinstein The Evolution of Soviet Strategy in the Middle East," Orbis, Summer 1980.
Syria and the PLO have gone so far as to endorse the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan.
For an analysis of Soviet arms transfers to the Middle East see Glassman, Arming the Arabs Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1975 Jon The Soviet Union and War in the Middle East 4 I the partition of the British mandate in Palestine and the establish ment of the state of Israel. British from the area as quickly as pos~ible deration may have been the opportunities for Soviet policy that would be presented by cont i nuous tension between the West and the Arabs caused by Arab rejection of Israel.6 The Soviet Union was the third state to recognize Israel, after the United States and Guatemala, and facilitated the shipments of sorely needed East European arms to the you n g Israeli state during the first Arab- Israeli war in 1948 Moscow did so mainly to remove the A secondary consi Once the state of Israel was established, Soviet-Israeli re I lations were chilled by the virulent anti-Semitism of Josef Stalin's last years a s Soviet dictator, Soviet apprehensiveness about the spontaneous support and popularity that Israel enjoyed among Russian Jews, and a pronounced Soviet tilt toward the Arabs. The Soviets were initially distrustful of Arab nationalists, such as Nasser's Fre e Officers group that came to power in Egypt in 1952, because of MOSCOW'S ill-fated cooperative arrangements with earlier nation- alists, such as Kemal Attaturk in Turkey and Chiang Kai-shek in China. Under Nikita Khrushchev, Soviet theoreticians replaced S talin s suspicious policy with. an opening to the Third World. In the mid-l950s MOSCOW'S hostility toward ruling bourgeois- nationalists began to disappear and local communist parties were instructed that Western "imperialism I' not native 'Ireactionaries , were to be the main enemy 200 million Czech arms deal was announced with Egypt, a break- through that for the first time committed Moscow to a major arms deal with an Arab state.g In September 1955 a Soviet-orchestrated Egypt quickly became the centerpie c e of Soviet strategy in the Arab world. When Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal Company in July 1956, Moscow was quick to endorse his illegal action. Israel, which had been contemplating a preemptive war to disarm Egypt before it could absorb and utilize t he armor and aircraft it had received in the Czech arms deal, was prodded into partici- pating in a joint Anglo-French-Israeli invasion of the Sinai by constant fedayeen guerrilla attacks on Israel sponsored by Nasser. The Soviet Union denounced the Octob e r 19, 1956, Israeli attacks Nadav Safran. "the Soviet Union and Israel." in Ivo Lederer and Wavne Vucinivich, ids., The Soviet Union and the'Middle East (Stanford, Cali fornia: Hoover Institution Press. 19741 P. 161 See Adam Ulam, Expansion and Coexistenc e Policy 1917-1967 (New York: Praeger, 1968 p. 584 See Chaim Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars (New York pp. 30, 72, 75 The History of Soviet Foreign Random House, 19821 See George Lenczowski, Soviet Advances in the Middle East (Washington D.C American Enterpr i se Institute, 1971), pp. 11-18 For a detailed analysis of the Czech arms deal, see Uri Ra'anan, The USSR Arms the Third World MIT Press, 1969 Case Studies in Soviet Foreign Policy (Cambridge: 5 in the Sinai 'as well as the Anglo-French intervention severa l days later It immediately pressed for a cease-fire and proposed that a joint Soviet-American expeditionary force be sent to stop the fighting On November 6, the Soviets warned Britain, France, and Israel against the continuation of their intervention and vaguely hinted about the possibility of a Soviet nuclear missile attack on their capitals! On November 10, three days after the cease- fire, Moscow threatened to send a %olunteeri1 force to the region.
The Soviet reaction to the 1956 Suez crisis was essen tially a propaganda operation. Despite its rhetoric, Moscow did not pro- vide supplies or combat personnel to Egypt, possibly for fear of provoking Western military countermeasures while it was still en- gaged in suppressing the Hungarian revolution score d a major political victory in the Arab world. did little more than sit on the sidelines and mutter noncommittal threats, it claimed credit for the ultimate withdrawal of the British, French, and Israeli armies. By rattling its rockets, appealing for high- l evel meetings, ceaselessly vilifying the West, and trumpeting its undying support for progressive'l Arab move- ments, the Soviet Union won a low=cost, low-risk public relations victory in the Arab world Yet the Soviets Though Moscow THE JUNE WAR AND THE W A R OF ATTRITION The Soviet Union was more active, but less successful, in the 1967 Arab-Israeli crisis. After 1956, Moscow became the self- proclaimed champion of the Arab world, supplying arms to Egypt, Syria, and Iraq. Moscow denounced Israel as an outgr owth of Western llimperialismll that would not be defeated until "imperial- ism" was defeated. To accomplish this, Moscow stressed that Arab states needed Soviet support.
In February 1966, the pro-Soviet left wing of the Baath (Renaissance) party seized po wer in Syria in a bloody coup d'etat. In May 1967, Soviet intelligence reports falsely warned Cairo and Damascus of an Israeli military buildup along the Syrian border lo This Soviet disinformation provoked a spiral of escalation that eventually triggered the third Arab-Israeli war in June 1967.
Although Soviet motivation for lighting the fuse to the Middle East's foremost powder keg remains unclear, a major consideration must have been the galvanizing effect such a report would have on Soviet relations wi th both Egypt and Syria. ington's hostility to the new radical Syrian regime was behind the bu 3up,11 Moscow drew Arab attention to the imDortance of By charging that Wash its support and its value as a counterweight to the* United States lo See Michael H o ward and Robert Crisis of.1967, Adelphi Paper Strategic Studies 1967 pp l1 Pravda, May 22, 1967 Hunter, Israel and the Arab World: The 41 (London: International Institute of 15-27. 6 When Israel launched a preemptive strike that swiftly crushed the Arab a r mies, Moscow pressed in the United Nations for a cease- fire and Israeli withdrawal. in Egypt and Syria would be replaced by moderates who would turn to the West or mi1itants:who would turn toward China, Moscow sought to cushion the Arab defeat through di p lomacy aimed at halting the Israeli advance. Careful to avoid a confrontation with the United States, which still retained strategic nuclear superiority as well as superior power projection capabilities in the region, the Soviet Union attempted to pressur e Israel to the extent it could do so without arousing American ire Concerned that its client regimes When the smoke cleared after the Six Day War, Moscow began to replace military equipment lost by the Arabs.12 It laid re- sponsibility for the defeat on t h e doorstep of the Arab officer corps and called for the "socializationt1 of Egyptian and other Arab 0ffi~ers.l~ Moscow penetrated the Egyptian military establishment to a depth it had never before achieved in any non-communist country."14 Through its burg e oning military advisory program Another major benefit of the increased dependence of Egypt and Syria on Soviet military largesse was the acquisition of Soviet base rights that significantly strengthened the Soviet mili- tary position in the eastern Medite r ranean. The Soviets had been scouring the eastern.Mediterranean for base rights for years, par ticularly since the 1961 rift with Albania deprived them.of their submarine.base at Valona Bay In April 1968, the Soviet Union and Egypt signed a secret five- e a r agreement formalizing Soviet access to Egyptian facili ties.Y5 Alexandria became the hub of Soviet naval activity in the eastern Mediterranean and provided the Soviet Mediterranean Fleet, the Fifth Eskadra, with logistical, communications, and maintenan c e support. The Soviets also had access to Port Said and started to develop a deep water port primarily for their own use at Mersa Matruh, near the Libyan border. Beginning in May 1968, Soviet piloted TU-16 Badgers with Egyptian markings were launched from Egyptian air bases on reconnaissance and surveillance missions over the Mediterranean as far west as Ma1ta.l Given these strategic dividends Moscow had little choice In 1969 Nasser unleashed a war of attrition along the but to intervene on Egypt's behalf during the next conflict with Israel l2 Within four months an estimated 80 percent of Egyptian losses had been replaced. Wynfred Joshua, Soviet Penetration Into the Middle East New York: National8trategy Information Center, 1971 p. 16.
Roger Pajak, Soviet Arms Aid in the Middle East (Washington: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1976 p. 3.
Milan Vego MOSCOW'S Quest for Military Bases in the Mediterranean 14 l3 Ibid P. 15 l5 Defense and Foreign Affairs Digest, December 1979, p. 13 l6 Ibid PP. 13-14. 7 Suez Canal front in an effort to salvage his shattered prestige, reassert his claim to leadership of the Arab world and harass the Israelis. Preferring to fight the war on their own terms in- stead of on Nasserls, the Israelis launched deep penet r ation raids in late 1969 to convince the Egyptians that their government was embarked on a risky course and that it could not shield them from the consequences. the raids, and the Soviets responded in early 1970 with the first deployment of Soviet combat troops to a noncommunist country since the Red Army had been evicted from northern Iran in 19
46. By mid- March 1970, the Soviets had deployed in Egypt SA-3 anti-aircraft missiles that had not yet been provided to MOSCOW'S Warsaw Pact allies or to North Vi etnam, By early summer about 20,000 Soviet personnel, including 12,000-15,000 air defense specialists,17 had been dispatched to man "the most concentrated air defense system anywhere in the world.1f18 Moreover, the Soviets sent 100-150 pilots and advanced MIG-23 fighter aircraft to Soviet controlled air bases in Egypt to insure that the Israelis would be deterred from launching additional deep penetration raids.19 planes and one Israeli plane were shot down, Egypt and Israel arrived at a cease-fire. It was immediately violated by Egypt, with Soviet complicity.2 Nasser requested Soviet assistance to blunt After two Soviet-Israeli air battles in which four Soviet THE 1973 WAR Anwar Sadat, Nasser's successor, declared 1971 the "Year of Decisioni1 in the Arab-I s raeli conflict, and in May 1971, signed a Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with the Soviet Union. Ten- sions between the two allies grew, however, due to Sadat's purge of the pro-Soviet Ali Sabri faction in May 1971, the abortive com- munist coup in S u dan in July 1971, and Soviet footdragging on Sadat's requests for long-range offensive weapons. Disgruntled with Soviet equivocations and possibly anxious about Soviet pene- tration in the Egyptian armed forces, Sadat shocked Moscow in July 1972 by orderi n g the withdrawal of 7,500 Soviet advisors serving with Egyptian combat units. from complete, however. Some 5,500 Soviet military technicians remained in Egypt and Soviet arms deliveries continued.21 The break with the Soviets was far l7 l8 Glassman, op. c it p. 187 Lawrence Whetten June 1967 to JL 1971: Four Years of Canal War Recon sidered," New Middle East, June 1971, p. 15.
Strategic Survey 1970, (London: International Institute of Strategic Studies, 1970 p. 46 Foy Kohler, Leon Goure, Mose Harvey, The So viet Union and the October Middle East War: The Implications for Detente (University of Miami Center for Advanced International Studies, 1974 pp. 34-35 2o Ibid p. 48. 21 a Despite the poor state of Soviet-Egyptian relations, the Soviet Union threw its sup p ort behind the Egyptians and Syrians immediate- ly after their October 6, 1973, surprise attack on Israel. Despite a professed commitment to detente, Moscow violated its recent agree- ment with the U.S. to avoid actions thatmcould exacerbate inter- nation a l tensions. Instead, the Soviets failed to restrain their Arab clients, embargo arms shipments to the belligerents, or work for an early cease-fire. To the contrary, Moscow rushed an estimated 200,000 to 225,000 tons of military equipment and supplies to E gypt and Syria during the war.22 Soviet reconhaissance satel- lites obtained intelligence, which was probably passed on to Cairo and Damascus.23 And the Soviets reportedly delivered to Egypt a number of SCUD missiles that could strike Tel Aviv from Egypti a n territory.24 On October 24, Soviet Communist Party Chief Leonid Brezhnev warned President Richard Nixon that, if the United States was not willing to join the Soviets in enforcing a cease-fire, then Moscow would do so nila ate rally The United States re s ponded by warning the Soviets against unilateral intervention, alerting its armed forces around the globe and preparing the 82nd Airborne Division for a possible move In certain respects, Soviet brinksmanship during the 1973 crisis resembled its behavior d uring the 1956 and 1967 crises. The climactic Soviet threat was not issued until after the crisis had peaked.26 were not inconsistent with the American position on the cease-fire. Soviet threats were designed to pressure'washington to use its influence to restrain the Israeli advance, something the U.S. was already trying to do Soviet demands for the observance of the cease-fire The difference was that the Soviet Union's threats for the first time were construed as more than propaganda noise. Soviets had a t tained rough strategic nuclear parity with the U.S. and had built up their power projection forces to the point that they had a credible military option The THE 1982 LEBANESE CRISIS The Israeli intervention in Lebanon in June 1982 had been provoked by an e scalating spiral of Palestinian terrorist attacks on Israeli towns triggered by Israeli airstrikes in retaliation for the attempted assassination of the Israeli ambassador in London 23 24 26 See Francis Fukuyama Nuclear Shadowboxing: Soviet Intervention T hreats New York Times, November 28, 1973.
Aviation Week, October 15, 1973; New York Times, October 18, 1973.
Washington Post, November 2, 1973.
Washington Post, November 28, 1973 in the Middle East," Orbis, Fall 1981. 9 Within days the Israeli army had overrun Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) base camps in southern Lebanon, besieged the PLO stronghold in Beirut, destroyed the Syrian air de fenses inside Lebanon, and prevailed over the Syrian army in localized clashes inside Lebanon. the PLO to evacuate Beirut and disperse throughout the Arab world.
The Soviet Union remained relatively inactive during the crisis. to hostilities, an Israeli wi thdrawal, and warned that "The present- day Israeli policymakers should not forget that the Middle East is an area lying in close proximity to the southern borders of the Soviet Union and that developments there cannot help affecting the interests of the U SSR.1t27 Moscow routinely alerted two air- borne divisions earmarked for the Middle East and reinforced the Fifth Eskadra with five ships, but sent no overtly threatening military or diplomatic signals. After the Syrians and Israelis had reached an uneasy truce, Moscow began replacing Syrian losses.
The Soviets issued their usual rhetorical pyrotechnics on behalf of the Palestinian cause and at one point sent PLO Chairman Yassir Arafat a telegram telling him that they were behind him "one thousand percent I2 Early in the crisis, however Foreign Minister Andre1 Gromyko made it clear to a Palestinian delegation that the Kremlin had ruled out the use of force on their behalf.29 Nayef Hawatmeh, the leader of the pro-Soviet Democratic Front for the Liberation o f Palestine, reflected widely held Palestinian disappointment in Soviet inactivity when he complained that .Soviet help was "limited if not zero.1f3o By the end of the summer the Israelis had forced On June 14, a p,ublic Soviet statement called for a halt W hy the relatively subdued Soviet reaction? It would seem that the Soviets recognized from the beginning of the war that the PLO could not stand up to the Israeli Army and that the Syrians had little reason'to take risks to defend the PLO. Once the Soviets ascertained that the conflict could be contained within Lebanon and did not threaten to topple their closest Middle Eastern ally, Syrian President Hafez Assad, they followed a policy of lmeasured neglect. If In past crises the Soviets had supported the ha r dline Arab position, but during the summer of 1982 there was no hardline Arab consensus. Syria bowed out of the fighting early, Iraq was locked in a desperate struggle against Iran, and Libya's mercurial leader, Colonel Muammar Qadhafi, advised the PLO to commit collective sui- cide to inspire future Arab generations 27 28 Pravda, August 6, 1982 29 International Herald Tribune, July 7, 1982 30 31 New York Times, June 15, 1982.
The Sunday Times (London July 4, 1982.
Karen Dawisha The USSR in the Middle East: Superpower in Eclipse?"
Foreign Affairs, Winter 1982-1983, p. 450 10 In view of Arab passivity, there was no need for the Soviets to be more Arab than the Arabs by coming to the PLO's aid. the Soviets had done little when the PLO had been battered in 1 970 by the Jordanians or in 1976 by the Syrians. Those past instances of Soviet abstention had not cost Moscow much in terms of lost influence over the PLO, simply because the PLO had nowhere else to turn for aid on the same scale as Moscow provided affai r s--such as propping up the pro-Moscow regime in Poland. Furthermore, the Soviets also somewhat distrusted the PLO's Arafat, because of his close links to the Saudis and his maverick brand of diplomacy. pull the PLO's chestnuts from the fire was the prospe c t of getting burned in the attempt. Soviet options were limited. There was Besides The Soviets, like the Arabs, also were preoccupied by other A major reason for MOSCOW'S failure to attempt to little that could be done to prevent an Israeli victory short o f a major commitment of Soviet troops. in view of Israel's air superiority and preemptive military philo- sophy. Moreover, Moscow would be confronted immediately by reso- lute American leadership that would not shy away from taking countermeasures to'offs et Soviet moves. From the Soviet perspec- tive "this would certainly have been the wrong war, in the wrong place, at the wrong time.Il32 This would be extremely risky Instead, Moscow resorted to a strategy of damage limitation.
It paid lip service to the P alestinian cause but did not intervene to prevent the PLO's ouster from Lebanon. It answered Arab charses of betrayal with countercharges of Arab impotence. plaints about the quality of Soviet supplied weapons were countered with complaints of Syrian inco mpetence and pointed comparisons with the performance of Vietnamese pilots during the Vietnam war.
The Lebanese crisis has not seemed to inflict lasting damage on the Soviet position in the Middle East. The Israeli interven- tion deprived the Soviet Union of.access to the vast terrorist infrastructure that had been built up in southern Lebanon over the last fifteen years, but Moscow can look to South Yemen to fill the gap. The Soviets can take great comfort in the propaganda bonanza that they reaped during the war, in their newly gained SAM-5 missile bases in Syria, and in Syria's increased dependence on Soviet support. the Reagan peace initiative by vitiating the Israel-Lebanon agree- ment calling for the withdrawal of foreign troops from Lebanon. By preve n ting the establishment of a Pax Americana, Moscow retains its hold over dependent Arab client states and forestalls discus- sion of the Soviet threat to states in the region Syrian com I Their Syrian clients were also able to block 32 David Andelman Andro p ov' s Middle East Washington Quarterly, Spring 1983, p. 113. 11 THE SOVIET BUILDUP IN SYRIA Following the debacle that Syria suffered at Israeli hands in Lebanon, the Soviet Union reassured the Syrians of the value of their Soviet connection. and upgraded Syrian capabilities, transferring an estimated 1.5 billion of military equipment into Syrian hands by May 1983.33 The Syrian air force and air defense system was strengthened im- mensely. In addition to at least 100 modern aircraft, including MiG-23 jet f i ghters, Syria received new radar and communications equipment and became the first country outside the Soviet Union to host long-range SAM-5 missiles. The SAM-5 is the largest anti- aircraft missile ever built.' Originally developed in the early 1960s to d efend Soviet cities and military installations from high altitude bombing attacks, it can destroy targets at up to 95,000 feet in altitude and has a slant range of about 150 miles. Because it is an old weapons system, however, it may be vulnerable to mode r n electronic countermeasures, assuming it has not been modern- ized the Syrian cities of Damascus and Homs. missiles at each base, manned solely by 600 to 800 Soviet crewmen and guarded by detachments of Soviet airborne troops.34 Each base is equipped wit h an elaborate command, control and electronic war fare network tied via satellite into the Soviet command system in Moscow.35 Lebanon, Western Syria, and northern Israel. The NATO air base at Incirlik, Turkey,36 and U.S. aircraft carrier operations in the eastern Mediterranean are also within range..
The primary threat from SAM-5 missiles is to larger, less maneuverable aircraft, such as military transports, electronic warfare aircraft, flying command posts, and high-flying reconnais- sance aircraft. Parti cularly troubling for the Israelis is the new vulnerability of their E2-C Hawkeye electronic surveillance planes, which played a large role in the aerial victories over Lebanon. Low-flying Israeli fighter-bombers on the other hand, would be relatively imm u ne from attack by SAM-5s and could launch a disarming strike on the missile sites. Yet the low-altitude planes are vulnerable to attack from the Soviet SAM-6, SAM-8, and SAM-11 batteries clustered around the SAM-5 sites. An Israeli attack on the SAM-5 sit e s could also provoke the Soviets. Its pilots and those from other Warsaw Pact states have been dispatched to air bases in eastern Syria, apparently to train Syrian pilots on MIG-23 fighters.37 These pilots could quickly assume a combat role Moscow rapidly replaced Syrian losses The Soviets have deployed SAM-5s at two missile sites near There are at least 20 The two bases project an anti-aircraft screen over 33 34 35 36 37 New York Times New York Times Newsweek, June Foreign Report New York Times May 14, 19 8 3 May 16, 1983 March 10, 1983 May 16, 1983 20, 1983. 12 The Soviet military presence in Syria, estimated at 4,500 to 5,000 troops and technicians, is the largest Soviet combat force outside the Soviet bloc and Afghanistan. the Soviet buildup in Egypt in t h e early 1970s, it exerts a much more destabilizing influence on the regional balance of power be- cause of the greater capability of its missile forces and the absence of a buffer zone such as the Sinai. The SAM-5s are a sword of Damocles hanging over nor t hern Israel that threatens Israel's most important military asset-its air superiority. This weakens Israel's ability to deter Syrian mischief in Lebanon and encourages Assad to display dangerous overconfidence Although smaller than Moscow might welcome a S yrian-Israeli military confrontation .in the coming months to redeem the reputation of Soviet military hardware, increase Syrian dependence on the Soviet Union, boost Soviet prestige in the Arab world, and defuse domestic Syrian dis- content with Assad's r epressive regime. In such a clash, Moscow probably would seek to limit the scope and intensity of the fight- ing to prevent a total Syrian defeat and avoid American involve- ment. Confining hostilities to Lebanon's Bekaa valley, for example would be ideal for Moscow purposes. The Syrians could hope to hold their own against the outnumbered Israeli ground forces, if the Israeli air force were deterred from fulfilling its "flying artillery ground support mission by Syria's vastly improved air defense system. Anything less than an outright Israeli victory would be seen as a victory for Syria, which would redound to Moscow's benefit. In return for its support, Moscow could expect increased access to Syrian ports, air bases, and terrorist train- ing camps.
Conta ining a conflict is far from simple, however. The Assad regime deliberately may widen such a war to force the participation of Soviet combat forces Moreover, the Israelis would be tempted to launch preemptive airstrikes against Soviet SAM-5 missile sites i n the event of rising tensions on the ground inside Lebanon, even if the SAM-5s were not used in combat. clashes would almost certainly draw in the United States and would heighten the risk of a superpower confrontation in the Middle East Soviet-Israeli m i litary MOSCOW AND THE PLO Although Moscow initially was suspicious of the political The growing strength of and social makeup of the PLO, its ambivalence was replaced by in- creasing Soviet support in the 1970s the pTIO and ideological competition with th e People's Republic of important motivation for stepped-up support of the PLO was MOSCOW'S desire to enhance its leverage in the Middle East following the decline of its influence in Egypt and its exclusion from the post 1973 peace negotiations between Isr a el and its Egyptian and Syrian foes. After Egypt defected from the Soviet orbit in 1972, the Soviets began direct arms shipments to the PLO instead of provid- ing arms through intermediary Arab states as before. In 1974 China undoubtedly sparked Soviet in terest in the PLO, but a more I 13 the PLO was allowed to open an office in Moscow. PLO cadres have been trained in training programs in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe since at least 19
77. In 1981, Moscow granted the PLO full diplomatic status pin in the international terrorist market that has plagued the West since the late 1960s. PLO camps in southern Lebanon, Syria, and South Yemen became international clearinghouses for terrorist training, Soviet arms, and terrorist cooperation. PLO instructors t r ained members of a wide variety of terrorist groups, including the German Baader-Meinhof gang, the Italian Red Brigades, the Japanese Red Army, the Irish Republican Amy, Nicaraguan Sandinis- tas, Iranian Fedayeen and Turkish terrorists.38 PLO factions, su c h as the pro-Soviet Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the marxist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, perform liaison duties between a number of different terrorist groups. Although PLO support for international terrorism has been hamstrung by the loss of PLO camps in southern Lebanon, PLO camps in South Yemen remain active training and support centers for future terrorist operations In return for Soviet arms and training, the PLO became a linch CONCLUSION The Soviet Union has exploited the Arab-Israeli conflict to improve its strategic position in the Middle East, maximize its leverage over Arab client states, and showcase its support for Ifnational liberation1' movements. In return for arms supplies, military training, econom ic aid, and technical advice, it has re ceived military bases, an entree into the Arab world, access to the PLO terrorist infrastructure, and a soapbox for disseminating its views on Middle Eastern affairs.
Moscow consistently has placed its own strategic interests ahead of those of its Arab clients, generating considerable tension in bilateral relations with even its closest Arab friends. It has accorded higher priority to preserving its ties to Arab clients than to maintaining good relations with the Uni t ed States, even during the heady days of detente. direct confrontations with the U.S. during Middle Eastern crises, it has not shrunk from rattling its'rockets to score propaganda points with Arab audiences or to press Washington to restrain Israel Althou g h it has sought to avoid 38 For a more detailed analysis of Soviet-PLO cooperation in supporting inter national terrorism, see Samuel T. Francis, "Palestinian Terrorism: The International Connection," Heritage Foundation Backgrounder #69, December 8, 1978 and Samuel T. Francis, The Soviet Strategy of Terror (Washington D.C The Heritage Foundation, 1981 14 As Soviet strategic nuclear and power projection forces'have grown, Moscow has displayed an increasing willingness to risk a confrontation with Israel th a t could draw in the United States. Moscow abstained from intervention during the 1982 Lebanon crisis because the interests of its chief Arab client, Syria, were not threatened by the emasculation of the PLO and because it was dis- tracted by tensions in P o land and the preliminary stages of its domestic political struggle to settle the question of Brezhnev's successor. development that sets the stage for the next Arab-Israeli crisis, if not the next U.S.-Soviet crisis The Soviet military buildup in Syria is an ominous James A. Phillips Policy Analyst


text:
" Genre: Indie Rock & Punk - New Wave & Post-punk / Artist: U2 / Live / Audio CD released 2005-05-30 at Mercury Records Ltd (London) "
* Prices may differ from that shown
U2 is an Irish band formed in 1976 and consists of four members, including Bono (vocals and guitar), The Edge (guitar, keyboards, vocals), Adam (bass guitar) and Larry (drums). U2 has been known for more than thirty years, and already started in 1976. The band members met at school and decided to start a band. They have since then grown in terms of music and had influences of rock, alternative rock, punk, dance and pop. Especially in recent years was increasingly criticized for being too much inclined to Pop music and less focused on rock. Eventually, they released 12 albums and more than 150 million albums sold worldwide. The best part is that the band still consists of all original members.
Wide Awake in America was originally issued in 1985, but reissued in 1990. It was originally released as an LP and contains only four songs, including two live performances.
probably one of the best songs of U2's is Bad and the song you can hear clearly the public from the star. Again, this is a powerful song and the vocals and the use of the instruments is very good. The song is about a friend of Bono who's a drug addict and Bono sings the song with passion. It's not really a fast song, but more mid tempo but certainly never boring. I like the live version which is actually better than the studio version, because it sounds much rawer and you just notice that the band plays with lot of enthusiasm.
A Sort of Homecoming
A Sort Of Homecoming also comes from the album The Unforgettable Fire 'and is recorded as a live act. The song starts quietly, but you notice that they are building up slowely. You hear the audience clapping along and suddenly louder the drums stars. Bono's voice sounds very good and close to perfect as you would expect with the studio version. It is a somewhat less powerful song as Bad, but another great use of the instruments. Lovely song.
The Three Sunrises
The Three Sunrises begins quietly with the voice of Bono in the background and occasionally the guitar and the drum. After about half a minute, the tempo increased and hear Bono and The Edge sing together. It is a mid tempo song with an occasional piece where you only hear the guitar and the drum. It's not a bad song, but the previous numbers were clearly stronger and this is not live.
Love Comes Tumbling
Love Comes Tumbling is a fun song with a very fast start with only the use of the guitar and drum. You sometimes feel like the song at any moment break loose, but that happens no further. You hear what the sultry voice of Bono and the number remains in a peaceful way to go through. What a weak song and does not really for me.
My opinion
A short but powerful set of four numbers. I have unfortunately not the original LP in my possession, but luckily everything just now is available in digital form and you can download songs. The first two songs are wonderful performances from U2 and the songs are just better than the studio version. It is known from U2 that they are live very good and I have seen them play live once and that is indeed true. The other two songs are more reasonable and a nice addition. Four stars for this little issue.
Bad. Again, but this time live (yes the song, not that the album is bad!!!). A full eight minute long cracking epic of a tune is my highlight on the album that is an oft-overlooked effort! IT only has four songs n the 'album' though and you may be left feeling a bit short changed.
It probably does not scale the heights of some of the albums that followed this album, but there is a certain warmth to it.
"Three Sunrises" is pretty and has a good beat, but apart from the Edge's interesting chordal guitar line there's nothing memorable about it. And "Love Comes Tumbling" is just another toss-off built up around one of the band's characteristically moody riffs. They are studio cuts that did not quite make it onto The Unforgettable Fire - shame that you can see why.
Bad is definitely worth a listen though.
Unfortunately, this rather thin concoction is almost always priced as if it were a full-length CD; do not pay more for it than you absolutely have to.
Four tracks is all you get on this. They're pretty damned good four tracks, two of which are performed live. "Bad" at 8 minutes long ultimately has Bono thrusting his tonsils at full pelt. The gentle start coaxes a bit of gentle head nodding before building up into the jumpaboutalot sort of style you develop after listening to U2 over the years. I defy you to not go wooooohoooo! towards the end. A personal favourite now with "A Sort Of Homecoming". This is a fantastic track and worth the price of the album alone. Bono does a masterful job of cranking up the pace and passion, and you are in severe danger of humiliating yourself at the bus stop. Well, I did. At only 4mins 40secs it is CRIMINALLY short. What a voice! "The Three Sunrises" sadly suffers a little having had to follow the previous tracks, but it's an okay number. You'll still boogie to it, don't worry. The final track is "Love Comes Tumbling" and reminds me very much of Simple Minds. Get it for the second track. It's got to be a bargain with that particular number on it..
Disc #1 Tracklisting
1 Bad
2 A Sort Of Homecoming
3 The Three Sunrises
4 Love Comes Tumbling

subset: commoncrawl


text:
We're sorry, we didn't find items that match your search. Please try again.
If you would like our assistance, please feel free to contact us at our toll free number 888-455-2940 or send us an e-mail
Thank you for shopping at Fabric.com.
Description: Designed for Timeless Treasures, this assortment includes 40 2.5" x 44" pieces from the Tonga Batik Citylight collection. Color palette includes shades of pink, blue, green, purple, orange and yellow. Finished quilt measures 48.5" x 60.5". Free quilt design pattern ...
go to product
Explore Fabric.com
We're here to help
Discover Fabric.com
Sewing Center


text:
NewswireToday - /newswire/ -
Seattle, WA, United States, 2013/09/06 - F5 Networks, Inc. today announced that company management will participate in the Deutsche Bank Technology Conference at the Cosmopolitan of Las Vegas, 3708 Las Vegas Boulevard South, Las Vegas, Nevada - F5.com. NASDAQ: FFIV
F5s presentation will begin at 8:50 am. PT on Tuesday, September 10. F5 representatives for the conference will include Karl Triebes, EVP, Product Development and CTO, and Cooper Werner, SVP, Finance.
A direct link to the live webcast will be available at f5.com and an archived copy will be accessible until October 10, 2013.
About F5 Networks
F5 Networks (11474) makes the connected world run better. F5 helps organizations meet the demands and embrace the opportunities that come with the relentless growth of voice, data, and video traffic, mobile workers, and applications in the data center, the network, and the cloud. The worlds largest businesses, service providers, government entities, and consumer brands rely on F5s intelligent services framework to deliver and protect their applications and services while ensuring people stay connected. Learn more at f5.com.
This press release may contain forward looking statements relating to future events or future financial performance that involve risks and uncertainties. Such statements can be identified by terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," or "continue," or the negative of such terms or comparable terms. These statements are only predictions and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these statements based upon a number of factors including those identified in the company's filings with the SEC.
Written by / Agency / Source: F5 Networks, Inc.
Availability: All Regions (Including Int'l)
Traffic Booster: [/] Quick Newswire Today Visibility Checker
Distribution / Indexing: [+] / [Company listed above is a registered member of our network. Content made possible by PRZOOM / PRTODAY indexing services]


text:
Sexy Frida Stark nude outdoors inserting a cucumber and banana in her wet shaved pussy masturbating until she cums and cums. Our Sundays ALS Angel loves to show off and get nasty.
Full Frida Stark ALS Angels Gallery Here
Czech porn model Frida Stark is really having allot of fun in this ALS Angels scene. She looks fantastic in her tight white shorts and pink tank top. Her freshly shaven pussy lips create a nice camel toe in her shorts and her hard nipples are clearly visible in her tank top. As she pulls down her shorts, Frida lifts her shirt flashing her firm B-cup boobs and exposing her tight pussy slit. She poses bottomless playing with her tits and pussy. Eventually Frida pulls off her shirt so now she is completely naked in the warm sunshine.
Frida Stark oils up her nude tanned body paying special attention to her boobs, nipples, pussy and ass. Laying back on the lounge she grabs a big cucumber off of the table next to her and starts to masturbate. She slides the big cucumber deep in her juicy shaved pussy hole, fucking herself with long hard thrusts. Her tight snatch looks amazing as the cucumber moves in and out. Frida stands up, still banging her cunt with the cucumber in a standing position. After she finishes off the cucumber she decides to masturbate with a banana. Getting down on all fours with her ass in the air, Frida reaches back and inserts the curved banana inside her vagina. She works the curve of the banana in her tight shaved pussy from behind as we see her masturbating close up. She lifts her leg high and spreads her ass cheeks showing her incredible pussy control skills. As you can see Frida Stark is one fabulous girl that has so much fun showing off and masturbating for us in the great outdoors.


text:
1. Texans: Jadeveon Clowney, DE, South Carolina. His ceiling is as high as they get, but it's the potential miss that has the Texans shopping this pick.
1. Texans: Jadeveon Clowney, DE, South Carolina. His ceiling is as high as they get, but it's the potential miss that has the Texans shopping this pick.
2. Rams: Greg Robinson, OT, Auburn. If Johnny Manziel doesn't tempt Jeff Fisher here, would he consider a QB at No. 13?
3. Jaguars: Khalil Mack, LB, Buffalo. Sammy Watkins makes sense after the miss on Justin Blackmon, but here's a nod to defense with a defensive head coach.
4. Browns: Sammy Watkins, WR, Clemson. Now all they have to do is find someone to throw the ball to Watkins and Josh Gordon, other than Brian Hoyer.
5. Raiders: Mike Evans, WR, Texas A&M. Manziel might be the right-handed Kenny Stabler, but they have almost nothing in the way of wide receivers.
6. Falcons: Jake Matthews, OT, Texas A&M. Matt Ryan was under siege all last season, and they get a pass protector with superior NFL bloodlines.
7. Buccaneers: Aaron Donald, DT, Pittsburgh. All the focus is on a wide receiver, but watch Lovie Smith draft the best tackle and move Gerald McCoy to the nose.
8. Vikings: Anthony Barr, LB, UCLA: Some wonder if he will fit in a 4-3 scheme, but the Vikings need to ramp up their pass rush and Barr was tremendously productive the last two years.
9. Bills: Eric Ebron, TE, North Carolina. They're trying to trade up; if they're going to make it work with 2013 first-round reach EJ Manuel at QB, he needs targets like the fleet Ebron.
10. Lions: Darqueze Dennard, CB, Michigan State. They need a target opposite Calvin Johnson, but the draft is deep at wide receiver and needs are present at cornerback and safety.
11. Titans: Johnny Manziel, QB, Texas A&M. Ken Whisenhunt is credited for his work with quarterbacks, and he gets the most exciting college player the last two years.
12. Giants: Taylor Lewan, OT, Michigan. Their offensive line needs an overhaul and could use a tough, starter-ready blocker for Eli Manning.
13. Rams: Blake Bortles, QB, Central Florida. They can't remain committed to Sam Bradford forever. They could seek safety help for defensive coordinator Gregg Williams here.
14. Bears: Calvin Pryor, S, Louisville. GM Phil Emery hopes to find a safety who is a day one starter and brings legitimate comparisons to Mike Brown.
15. Steelers: Kyle Fuller, CB, Virginia Tech. They need help on the offensive line and a big wideout, but the versatile cornerback is a good fit for an aging defense.
16. Cowboys: Zack Martin, OT, Notre Dame. Martin can help a beleaguered line right away by playing guard if the Cowboys can't pull off a trade up for Donald.
17. Ravens: Ha Ha Clinton-Dix, S, Alabama. GM Ozzie Newsome hasn't done well lately with Crimson Tide players, but he will go with a first-round safety in consecutive drafts if he can't trade down.
18. Jets: Odell Beckham, WR, LSU. They added a playmaker in free agency in Eric Decker and get a good one here to help out Geno Smith.
19. Dolphins: C.J. Mosley, LB, Alabama. A wide receiver would make sense, but the money spent on Mike Wallace last year leads to a solid pick to bolster the middle of the defense.
20. Cardinals: Dee Ford, DE, Auburn. GM Steve Keim likes to think outside the box, and he could draft Ford with an eye toward converting him to outside linebacker.
21. Packers: Louis Nix, DT, Notre Dame. They would like to get a safety, but the versatile Nix could play multiple spots on Dom Capers' defensive line.
22. Eagles: Brandin Cooks, WR, Oregon State. They could use help on all three levels of defense, but releasing DeSean Jackson left a big hole in Chip Kelly's offense.
23. Chiefs: Marqise Lee, WR, USC. Receiver and tight end are serious needs for a passing game short on weapons, and Lee thinks he's the best wideout in this draft.
24. Bengals: Justin Gilbert, CB, Oklahoma State. They take care of a pressing need in an aging secondary with Gilbert, who has added value as a returner.
25. Chargers: Stephon Tuitt, DE, Notre Dame. Mike McCoy rejuvenated the offense in a hurry, and now they must devote resources to defense.
26. Browns: Ryan Shazier, LB, Ohio State. They can grab a quarterback at No. 35 in the second round. Meanwhile, in-state product Shazier bolsters the defense.
27. Saints: Jason Verrett, CB, TCU. They figure to use a high pick on a wide receiver, but the playmaking Verrett can be dynamic immediately as a nickel back.
28. Panthers: Cyrus Kouandjio, OT, Alabama. They need to draft at least two wide receivers, but replacing LT Jordan Gross is also a top priority.
29. Patriots: Ra'Shede Hageman, DT, Minnesota. Aging interior linemen Vince Wilfork and Tommy Kelly can be mentors to Hageman, who was too inconsistent for the Gophers.
30. 49ers: Kony Ealy, DE, Missouri. With Aldon Smith's 2014 season in flux because of off-field issues, they add a pass rusher from the same school.
31. Broncos: Xavier Su'a-Filo, G, UCLA. They have a perfect chance to replace Zane Beadles with the best guard in the draft.
32. Seahawks: Cody Latimer, WR, Indiana. The loss of Golden Tate in free agency is a concern, although they could go with an offensive lineman here or even Texas Tech TE Jace Amaro.
(c)2014 Chicago Tribune
Visit the Chicago Tribune at www.chicagotribune.com
Distributed by MCT Information Services


text:
Chemists' winning formula
Food and medicine safety has always been a major community concern, and based on the 2009 Hong Kong government policy address, the testing and certification industry can be a leading economic pillar.
To meet the rising demand for chemical analysts, the Hong Kong Baptist University's (HKBU) department of chemistry is offering the master of science in analytical chemistry.
The pioneering programme offers training on the latest chemical techniques, and quality assurance and laboratory management skills.
"One important characteristic of the course is that we place equal emphasis on theoretical knowledge and experimental and problem-solving skills," says the secretary to the programme board, Dr Lai Suk-yin.
The course can be finished in two years in part-time mode, or one year full-time. "The part-time course is designed for people who are working in the industry, and who wish to update and enhance their knowledge for career advancement," says Lai. "Most are technical staff from chemical testing labs. A smaller number work in medical labs in hospitals."
The programme consists of lectures, lab training and independent research projects. Attendance at seminars by non-university experts is also required.
Lectures take place on weekday evenings - twice a week for part-time students and four times a week for full-timers. The former conduct their lab work on alternate Saturdays; the latter, on weekday during daytime.
Applicants should have a degree in chemistry or another physical science or life science discipline.


text:
ARLINGTON, Va. A former executive at the American Pharmacists Association has joined the Food Marketing Institute to develop and execute the organization's education programs and research initiatives.
Carol Abel was named FMI's VP education and research. Abel comes to FMI from the American Pharmacists Association where she most recently served as senior director of education strategy and compliance officer. She was responsible for the association's pharmacy accreditation program, continuing education best practices, standards and new initiatives. She also served as director of education for the association.
"As provided in the new FMI strategic plan approved earlier this year by the board of directors, we are laser-focused on enhancing our industry education programming and expanding opportunities in leadership development for those who work in our member companies," said FMI president and CEO Leslie Sarasin. "Carol has an impressive background and extensive expertise, and her previous success in identifying innovative educational strategies makes her a welcome addition to the FMI team."


text:
This documentation is archived and is not being maintained.
COlePropertyPage Class
Visual Studio 2008
Used to display the properties of a custom control in a graphical interface, similar to a dialog box.
For instance, a property page may include an edit control that allows the user to view and modify the control's caption property.
Each custom or stock control property can have a dialog control that allows the control's user to view the current property value and modify that value if needed.
For more information on using COlePropertyPage, see the article ActiveX Controls: Property Pages.


text:
Civil partnership church ban lifted
Peers have voted by 95 to 21 (majority 74) to lift the ban on gays and lesbians holding civil partnership ceremonies in churches.
The amendment to the Equality Bill, moved by openly gay Labour peer Lord Alli, would allow – but not compel – religious organisations to host civil partnerships.
The amendment was agreed, on a free vote, despite warnings from critics that it could undermine marriage.
Lord Harries argued: "Religious freedom is indivisible." And he denied the amendment would undermine marriage.
"It actually strengthens marriage," he said. "The real enemy (of marriage) in our society is promiscuity, not permanent faith-based relationships."
But the Bishop of Bradford, the Rt Rev David James, warned of "unintended consequences".
The Bishop, who voted against the amendment, said: "When we consider changes to the law, we need to be clear about what they are meant to achieve and what, in practice, they do achieve."
He said there had been "no practical difficulties so far" with the existing legislation.
"The fundamental difficulty that many churches and faiths will have with this arguments is that we, like the Government and the courts, have been quite clear ever since civil partnerships were introduced that they are not the same as marriage."
He stressed that civil partnerships were "not in substance or in form" same-sex marriages. No change should take place before the issue had been fully debated in the synods and congregations and councils of the churches, the Bishop argued. "We should not muddle up the debate about civil partnerships with the debate about same-sex marriage," he said.


text:
PRZOOM - /newswire/ -
Austin, TX, United States, 2009/11/04 - Austin-based test automation firm continues trend of strong growth.
SmarteSoft, Inc., the industry leader in easy to use, rapid development software test automation products and services, is pleased to announce another record quarter of sales and revenue growth.
After seeing similarly positive results for eight out of the past nine sequential quarters, SmarteSoft CEO Gordon MacGregor commented: Once again, weve grown strongly in a down economy. The ROI that only the SmarteSoft suite of products can offer is an irresistible combination that appeals to IT departments in good times and in bad. Saving time and money never goes out of style.
SmarteSofts CTO, Ethan Givoni, says that the diversity of SmarteSofts products also contributed to the companys Q3 09 success. Our customers benefit from a suite of tools that covers functional and performance testing of software, and the comprehensive management of the test lifecycle. They succeed using test tools we designed for developers and test tools we designed for QA teams and Business Analysts. This provides our users with the ability to share test scripts between organizations, and to gain from the business synergy this creates.
The net result, continues Givoni, is that our customers deliver higher quality software, at a lower cost, more quickly. It is a major win for the QA Directors and managers who selected our tools when they can then demonstrate the quality improvements and cost and time savings gained to their executive teams.
SmarteSofts VP of Sales, Gary Bowers, doesnt see the firm slowing down anytime soon. Am I surprised that we had such a great quarter? Not at all, he says. Weve added customers in a wide variety of sectors, ranging from energy, to finance, to medical, to aerospace, to retail and high tech. To have such broad appeal is a salesmans dream.
About SmarteSoft, Inc.
SmarteSoft (smartesoft.com) offers a revolutionary approach to software test automation, one that promises to change how you look at testing. With extreme ease of use, maintainability, and productivity, Smarte tools and services work equally well for agile and traditional software development and test. The companys innovative test automation technologies enable software development and business analysis teams to rapidly improve overall quality and time to market, reduce costs, and achieve maximum cross-functional team flexibility.
Agency / Source: SmarteSoft, Inc.
Availability: All Regions (Including Int'l)
Traffic Booster: [/] Quick PRZOOM - Press & Newswire Visibility Checker
Distribution / Indexing: [+]


text:
Download Pinterest iPhone iPad iOS
Cold Brew Labs , brings Pinterest with a number of new features along with the usual bug fixes. Pinterest app has been update to version 2.0.2 with several major changes and improvements. App release that improves performance, provides several new options.
Overall Satisfaction77
I love love love love love love Pinterest.
I love pinterest but the app is horrible.
I love using Pinterest for fashion for myself and daughters.
I love using Pinterest but am very unhappy with the last update.
Love the site and the sharing of fabulous ideas.
Love the site but the app is soo frustrating.
So many wonderful ideas for teachers and holiday decorating.
It has so many amazing ideas from crafts to recipes.
I love being able to access my pins whenever and wherever.
I absolutely love this website and the app works amazing.
I love finding new yummy recipes and awesome clothing combination.
Fun & Engaging78
I'm addicted to pinterest and this app feeds my addiction even more.
I am addicted to Pinterest but the new update is horrible.
Pinterest is awesome and amazing and I'm addicted to it.
I hope they can fix it soon because pinterest is awesome.
I've gotten so many awesome ideas off the sight.
It has become my new addiction therefore replacing Facebook.
My new obsession and favorite way to kill time.
I'm on it all the time thinking of new DIY projects I can start.
Wonderful app though and totally obsessed with the site.
Love love love it so many great ideas an helpful tips.
Great ideas for everything from household and health to kids and crafts.
I love everything about Pinterest including the new Secret Boards.
Love Pinterest for all the DIY and helpful hints.
Has very helpful tips & I love just looking around.
Also find useful information for all kinds of things.
Family Friendly93
I really enjoy creating boards as visual boards for my family life.
I used this for ideas for my family pictures we did recently.
Repeat Value100
Love Pinterest for all the DIY and helpful hints.
I enjoy all the great ideas and helpful hints.
Hours of entertainment - lose track of time searching through the pins.
Great shortcuts and gives me hours of entertainment a month.
Social Aspects83
Social media that is actually useful and inspiring.
Another great social media tool for the internet.
it's as if I'm on some social media app or website.
From social networking to event planning to recipes and more.
It's I'd the most amazing app/ social networking site ever.
Very informative and a fun thing to share with friends.
Addictive and lots of fun to share with friends.
Security & Privacy72
I've had a Pinterest account for years never really used it.
I don't know why anyone wouldn't have a Pinterest account.
Cannot login with Facebook to access my Pinterest account on iPad.
Updates & Support22
customer service never responds to my inquiries in regards to help.
Like a personalized magazine for " window shopping " & dreaming. found in 51 reviews
It is inspirational and shows such great DIY ideas. found in 215 reviews
Whether gift ideas to new things to make for dinner. found in 163 reviews
Its great for decorating ideas and good ideas for projects. found in 176 reviews
Great ideas and a must have for wedding planning. found in 79 reviews
Love the recipes and DIY projects and home ideas. found in 78 reviews
Recently started checking out home decorating and organization ideas. found in 371 reviews
I can find almost anything from fashion ideas to DIY projects. found in 87 reviews
There are so many cool ideas on here for everything. found in 234 reviews
Great way to share ideas and interests with friends and across the world. found in 1033 reviews
I love finding the great outfits and awesome home decor ideas. found in 359 reviews
Love love love it so many great ideas an helpful tips. found in 1187 reviews
Really cute ideas for diy's cute clothing you can pin. found in 70 reviews
I use it everyday for my personal interests and ideas for my classroom. found in 55 reviews
from craft ideas for everyone to delicious recipes. found in 289 reviews
A virtual vision board right at your finger tips. found in 63 reviews
There are so many great ideas for crafts and food recipes. found in 126 reviews
I have found so many great ideas for DIY projects and remodeling. found in 511 reviews
So many wonderful ideas for teachers and holiday decorating. found in 327 reviews
there are so many creative ideas for just about everything. found in 548 reviews
My only complaint is that some links don't show. found in 36 reviews
Crashes way too much new update anyway but needs new update faster. found in 41 reviews
Sometimes randomly closes while scrolling through pins. found in 35 reviews
It keeps freezing and crashing and it's driving me insane. found in 39 reviews
It's very addicting but I wish it didn't crash so much. found in 28 reviews
It's very frustrating when I find these unsolicited postings. found in 77 reviews
Hate the new update on showing you who has repinned your pin. found in 143 reviews
Problem: the app crashes my iPad if I do anything unexpected. found in 44 reviews
But the app still needs some work done before it's perfect. found in 26 reviews
Lately it's been crashing and taking forever to load however. found in 61 reviews
Every time I try to pin something the app crashes super annoying. found in 169 reviews
I love Pinterest but the app crashes pretty frequently on my iPhone 5S. found in 305 reviews
I'm not a fan of the new map feature. found in 38 reviews
The app is constantly crashing every time you are investigating pins. found in 32 reviews
I'm addicted to this app but the latest update is awful. found in 92 reviews
open Pinterest then paste it in the add from web section. found in 54 reviews
Sometimes t won't load pins or pins get switched around. found in 49 reviews
Also wish I could edit and rearrange boards on my phone. found in 41 reviews
I love Pinterest but this app crashes all the time & for no particular reason. found in 66 reviews
I wish I could pin multiple pictures at one time. found in 64 reviews
They are cluttering my news feed and getting very annoying. found in 101 reviews
get rid of the new search feature and revert back. found in 112 reviews
in combination with the deleted pin button on the main screen. found in 96 reviews
Auto refresh is the most annoying feature yet. found in 240 reviews
I love Pinterest but this latest update is awful. found in 92 reviews
Keeps crashing and doesn't show enough pins on home screen anymore. found in 205 reviews
instead of just removing that one pin. found in 97 reviews
I can no longer add pins in the newest app version. found in 92 reviews
Love Pinterest but the app crashes way too much with the most recent update. found in 305 reviews
I don't always want to pin something similar to what I've pinned before. found in 655 reviews
The app won't load my home feed or operate correctly. found in 152 reviews
The search function is now broken with the latest update. found in 90 reviews
New search engine makes it slow and crashes. found in 159 reviews
EVERY time we attempt to click on a pin to retrieve further information. found in 98 reviews
It crashes every time I try to upload a picture to pin. found in 127 reviews
Please bring back the option to save to camera roll. found in 332 reviews
No new pins by anyone else unless I search for something. found in 292 reviews
Every time I try to pin something it freezes and shuts down. found in 616 reviews
iPhone 320x480 1
iPhone 320x480 2
iPhone 320x480 3
iPhone 320x480 4
iPad 480x360 1
iPad iphone 480x360 2
iPad 480x360 3
iPad 480x360 4
Icon 175x175 1
iOS Pinterest 2.0.2 Mobile
Otubio - Cheap International Calls
드림박스 (DreamBox)
AZGram for FPT
3CXPhone - VoIP / SIP Softphone
R:4.5 - 995 Ratings
Analysis of ratings from user comments
App Popularity (trend)
App Average Rating (trend)
919,804 total
This app is popular with:


text:
"Experience and Expertise in
Karen Williams, FNP
Karen Williams, FNP, has lived and worked in Boone for the past 12 years. Karen joined Watauga Surgical Group in July 2012 after graduating from Western Carolina University with a Master's in Nursing: Family Nurse Practitioner. Upon graduation, she was awarded the Outstanding Family Nurse Practitioner Student by the graduate faculty. She brings with her 10 years experience in surgical nursing, having worked in the Surgical department at Watauga Medical Center first as a staff nurse, and later as the Perioperative Educator. Her nursing experience also includes 5 years of critical care experience in the Medical ICU at Wake Forest Baptist as well as the Emergency department at Watauga Medical Center.
Prior to entering the medical profession, she graduated from Appalachian State with a BA in both History and Anthropology. She worked for several years in social work and case management. She has traveled extensively in Mexico and Central America, and her Spanish speaking skills have proven very useful in the health care setting.
Originally from Davidson, NC, she now resides in Boone with her husband and daughter. She and her family enjoy hiking, mountain biking and playing music together.
Medical Affiliations:


text: If are reports are to be believed, Surya and Jyothika will be doing a movie together, after over a decade! The last time we saw the duo on screen was in Sillunu Oru Kadhal which released in 2006. After nearly 10 years, Jyothika made her come back last year in 36 Vayathinile, the remake of Malayalam blockbuster, How old are you? The Tamil remake was well received by the audience. This untitled film will be the first film the couple will do together since their marriage. The movie will be directed by Brahma of Kuttram Kadithal fame. Meanwhile, Surya's sci-fi thriller 24's audio is scheduled to release on April 11th. AR. Rahman is the music director for the film. The movie directed by Vikram Kumar- of Yavarum Nalam fame- is about time travel and its teaser has created a lot of buzz in film circles.


text:
Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'Starbound FAQs, Q&A, and General Help' started by werty11109, Jul 30, 2012.
I would really like to know if servers will require forwarding ports. Thank you!
I hope it will not. Because i can't do that thing.
I'd like to know as well, because i'm unable to PF my Roadrunner Lightning modem.
If so, i'll just use Hamachi like I did for Terraria and Minecraft.
if it does ill just use hamachi i mean depending on how many players you plan to support it may or may not be a good deal or you could just use a bunch of free networks
also if you cant port forward for whatever reason theres always
game ranger
other programs im forgetting
probably will require port forwarding
since almost all ports are closed by default, and the game just cant use the ports that are open by default because they are used by the system, its required to port forwarding
actually, port forwarding is quite simple, you only need to have access to your router config
Basically that. It's hard to have someone connect to your server if you don't let them in via ports. Also, some routers just won't port forward for whatever reason.
Aww, that's unfortunate. Guess no multiplayer starbound for me at college I guess.
If you're on the same network, you can use your internal IP (192.168.x.x) and it (usually) works (example, I can host a server on my desktop computer and connect via my laptop using 192.168.0.101 as the IP address). That's what I'm planning to do in university with floormates.
Oh yeah, I forgot about that. Doesn't help with people outside of the floor, but at least not all is lost
in the end, the best way is to find a friend that can port forward and host the server for you, its a win-win solution
I found out how to port forward only a little while ago. It is quite simple, that is if you have access to the config by using the internal ip of your router. Keep in mind the internet usage as well, though.
Forwarding ports is easy so I hope so. Who knows, there might be other methods though.
I'm surprised a lot of you guys can't forward a port. Well... I couldn't for a while so I don't blame 'ya.
I can port forward, but I have to ask my dad, can't do it myself. He has like 2 or 3 routers set up, all with passwords I don't know nor am allowed to have, so, heh.
well, that's pretty bad
but you might have a friend that could host the server for you
i believe it will son
I for some reason can't port forward. I'm not doing anything wrong, but it just won't happen.
I hope we wont have to port forward. My router is one of the ones that doesn't like being bothered with the petty concerns of humans
Probably will require port forwarding and servers will be hosted by individuals. I really don't care either way cause I know how to port forward. For those who dont just good simple port forwarding its a neat program that helped me a ton, make sure your read up on their website (didn't know i had 2 firewalls i had to portforward)
My router wont port forward because its so oooolllddddd but i guess I'll just hop around servers instead of hosting one.


text:
Q&A for Health Care Professionals: Health Care Antiseptics
Q&As for Health Care Professionals: Health Care Antiseptics
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently issued a proposed rule seeking more extensive scientific data demonstrating that certain over-the-counter topical antiseptics used in health care settings are safe and effective. The FDA recommends that use of these products continue, consistent with infection control guidelines, while additional data are gathered.
What is FDA proposing?
FDA is asking manufacturers to provide additional scientific evidence that the ingredients in certain antiseptic products used in health care settings – such as hospitals, clinics, medical offices and nursing homes – are safe and effective. Alcohol and iodines are the most common active ingredients in the health care antiseptics affected by this rule.
What products are affected?
Health care antiseptics include health care personnel hand washes and rubs, surgical hand scrubs and rubs, and patient preoperative skin preparations, including pre-injection preparations. This rule does not affect products containing chlorhexidine gluconate, which are regulated through a different pathway.
Is the FDA concerned that these products are not safe and effective? Should I still use them?
We recommend that health care providers continue to use these health care antiseptics consistent with infection control guidelines while more data are gathered. These products are an important component of infection control strategies in health care settings, and remain a standard of care to prevent illness and the spread of infection.
Will products still be available?
This request for data is a proposed rule, so no products are coming off the market.
Why is the FDA taking this action?
FDA is responsible for ensuring that all drug products, including antiseptics, are safe and effective. Since the FDA began review of health care antiseptics in the 1970s, many things have changed, including the frequency of use of some of these products, hospital infection control practices, new technology that can detect low levels of antiseptics in the body, the FDA's safety standards and the scientific knowledge about the impact of widespread antiseptic use. The FDA is particularly interested in gathering additional data on the long-term safety of daily, repeated exposure to these ingredients and on the use of these products by certain populations, including pregnant and breastfeeding women, for which topical absorption of the active ingredients may be important.
What's next
This a proposed rule, and there is a 180-day period for the public to submit to FDA comments and other information. FDA will analyze the new information before issuing a final rule.
Read additional information at Health Care Antiseptics or contact the FDA directly
Toll Free (855) 543-3784, or (301) 796-3400, email@example.com


text:
2943 m² Land available in Faerie Glen
Adrie van der Linde
Similan Properties
2943 m² Land available in Faerie Glen
R 2 900 000Can I afford this?
In the movie the Lion King, when Mufasa said to his son that everything the light touches is their Kingdom, they might well have been talking about The Bronberg Ridge Estate located on the top of the Bronberg Mountain Ridge above Faerie Glen. It is a 24/7 guarded Estate situated on the Bronberg Mountain Ridge, just beyond Rembrand Street, Faerie Glen. The importance of this area as a biosphere due to the abundant bird and plant life prevalent there, cannot be overstated.
The Bronberg Ridge Estate presently comprises 11 plots, of which 3 are available for purchase. The Estate also has a common, private green belt accessible only to its residents. The total size of the green belt is 2.4 ha and is planned as a conservation area and bird sanctuary for the abundant plant and bird life - the natural treasures in the area.
Turning your paper plan into the dream home you have always desired, is within reach. And what a dream it would be considering the majestic view, the serenity, the tranquillity, the fauna and flora, the security, and the commitment to nature conservation in the entire area of which this Estate forms part.
The green belt and all the common spaces (measuring 3.5ha) are owned by the Cussonia Home Owners Association and therefore jointly by the property owners. The open areas are strictly for the recreational use of all the residents in the Bronberg Ridge Estate and these areas will be managed according to the Environmental Management Plan.
The new development is regarded by the Environmental Division of the Tshwane Council as being in an environmentally sensitive area and the development of the new plots has been planned according to the regulations in the approved Environmental Management Plan.
There are very good primary and secondary English and Afrikaans government and private schools situated in the area. Apart from several medical practitioners, at least three good and well-equipped hospitals are situated in the area adjacent to Bronberg Ridge.
Several shopping malls housing all the major retail outlets, banks, cinemas, and theatres etc. are situated within 5 km of Bronberg Ridge.
The Municipal bus service can be accessed within walking distance of Bronberg Ridge. Many of the children in the area commute to school by bus.
The N1 freeway North and South is less than 4.5 km from Bronberg Ridge.
Email the Agent or request the agent Call You Back should you require any further details.
Share this Property
Need a Home Loan?
|Loan Value (Capital)
|Total Interest
|Total Repayment
Experience Pretoria East
Pretoria East offers a tranquil escape for those that work in the city. The leafy streets and well established gardens give the area a sedate, village-like feel. Everything is close-by and residents don't have to go far for shopping or recreation. It's a popular suburb, largely due to the fact that it's easily accessible from major highways - the N1 and the N4. This neighbourhood attracts a good mixture of young professionals and young families, with kid-friendly activities widely available. There are large, open spaces in this area, allowing for big gardens and freestanding houses. However, this area has many townhouses, clusters and security estates as well.Find out more about Pretoria East
Similar Property for Sale in Faerie Glen
2943 m² Land available in Faerie Glen
Apply for a Home Loan


text:
New York, NY, US
I am Tzara, an intelligent, highly motivated and soon-to-be-registered architect. My rigorous education and work experience have honed my ability to turnaround detailed work quickly, without compromising creativity or technical expertise. I am energetic, organized and detail oriented. I thrive as part of a team but am confident on solo projects.
Portfolio, Construction Drawing Sets and References Available Upon Request.
Silberstang Lasky Architects, New York, NY, US, Job Captain
Manage construction of a luxury retail environment in New York City's Diamond District. Review shop submittals, coordinate with MEP, structural, lighting consultants, client and General Contractor/Construction Manager for the larger six-story core and shell building renovation the retail environment is located within.
Perform architect of record duties including but not limited to public assembly applications and alteration type 1 filings for ongoing upgrades to a historic, 42 story, midtown Manhattan structure built in 1929.
Execute construction details and drawings for various project types in locations in and around New York City.
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, US, Teaching Assistant | Digital Media & the Constructed Environment
Assisted Andrew P. Lucia in teaching a broad overview of digital representation techniques, particularly focused on the constructive power of computational logics, procedures, data and workflow to first-year architecture students. Led once-a-week workshops for twelve students to teach basics and some advanced Rhino, Vray, Photoshop, InDesign and Illustrator programs.
IBI Group - Gruzen Samton, New York, NY, US, Architectural Intern
Implemented and drafted changes to the Ben Gurion Station in a complete 50% Construction Document (CD) drawing set for the Tel Aviv Red Line, Light Rail project.
Coordinated construction drawings for HVAC, electrical, structural, fire and life safety consultants for the Ben Gurion Station.
Facilitated drawing markups for New York, Tel Aviv and Toronto project teams working on the Tel Aviv Red Line under Project Manager Marla Gayle.
Prepared graphics of the Human Ecology Building in Ithaca, NY for various award entries.
RCRD LBL / Downtown Records, New York, NY, US, Editorial Intern
Copy-edited, published and managed social media updates (Twitter/Facebook) on a daily basis for over 300,000 subscribers.
Updated radio-widget for RCRD LBL's iPod & smartphone applications.
Managed expenses and personally assisted RCRD LBL Creative Director, Elliot Aronow.
Portosa Studios, Interlaken, NY, US, Project Manager/Designer
Conceptualized and designed custom art, including but not limited to murals, paintings, glass-work and mosaics for a worldwide, family-oriented cruise line.
Produced construction drawings for the installation and execution of complex art works.
Directed and managed five out-of-house art and fabrication studios.
The Cornellian, Student Agencies Inc., Ithaca, NY, US, Photo Editor
Developed comprehensive system for collection and organization of photographic works for archival use.
Arranged press access for and photographed concerts, lectures and special events while managing assignments for five staff photographers.
Higlighted strengths and suggested improvement techniques to each photographer.
Cornell University, College of Human Ecology, Ithaca, NY, US, LEED Coordinator Intern
Researched and recommended solutions to sustainable building problems with water technologies, construction materials and finishes for the LEED certification of the Human Ecology building.
Coordinated pilot test and corresponding research for the first waterless urinals on Cornell University's campus.
Monitored specifications and documentation to ensure that all measures, plans and processes were followed in accordance with the requirements of the LEED rating system.
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, US, MArch, Master of Architecture I
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, US, Bachelors, Interior Design - Design & Environmental Analysis


text:
From the look of things, Carlos Peña is not coming back to the Rays.
With Adam Dunn going from the Nationals to the White Sox, and with Adrian Gonzalez now heading to the Red Sox instead of elsewhere, Peña seems unlikely to return, probably headed to Washington to replace Dunn, with the Cubs and O's other possibilities.
And while the Rays may have wanted Peña back on certain terms, it will be good for them to know if he is indeed moving on, so they can, too, with other options.
The Rays prefer to operate on the lowdown anyway, but even if they wanted to share their strategy this offseason, it would be hard for them to name names.
That's not because they don't have a plan, but because they have several. The most telling words exec VP Andrew Friedman may have said at last week's pre-winter meetings media session were "patient" and "nimble."
The reality is the Rays have to be both, as they sort through myriad scenarios.
Part is financial, as, with payroll being cut, they weigh how much better they'd be with, say, a $50 million payroll vs. $35 million. And some has to do with the players — theirs and others — as they decide who is worth waiting for, who to be aggressive with, how to synchronize the dueling priorities of needs and wants.
With Peña leaving, for example, they have to sift through numerous options at first base: internally (Dan Johnson or Ben Zobrist), free agents, trades. But at least they'd know.
MADDON MANIA: As a kickoff to his annual Thanks-mas charity event, manager Joe Maddon on Thursday will be the guest chef and bartender at South Tampa's 717 South restaurant, joined behind the bar by coaches Tom Foley, Jim Hickey, Derek Shelton and Don Zimmer. All tips go toward the cause as Maddon, for the fifth straight year, cooks and serves food to the needy. Stops are Dec. 13 at the Sallie House in St. Petersburg, then Salvation Army offices in Fort Myers on Dec. 14, St. Petersburg on Dec. 15 and Tampa on Dec. 16. He's also giving out hooded sweatshirts.
RAYS RUMBLINGS: LHP J.P. Howell, nontendered but expected to re-sign, is confident of a return to top form after shoulder surgery: "At this point, I have zero doubt." … If the Padres are going to trade closer Heath Bell, the Rays have long been interested. … The draysbay.com bloggers are taking donations for an ad (full disclosure, to run in our tbt* publication) thanking Carl Crawford for his contributions. … Sounds like there will be new AstroTurf at the Trop. … SS Troy Tulowitzki's unexpected seven-year, $132 million extension with the Rockies isn't bad for the Rays, but given that 3B Evan Longoria is his best friend, has the same agent and a team-friendly contract, it can't be good. … C Justin O'Conner, the 31st pick last year, needed surgery to repair a torn hip labrum, but he will be ready for the season. … Mark Vinson was promoted to the major-league athletic training staff, replacing departed Nick Paparesta.
MORE RUMBLINGS: SS Jason Bartlett took a well-timed vacation last week, getting away from his phone and computer during the slew of trade rumors. "A good thing right now," he texted. ... After taking $16 million over two seasons from the Rays, Pat Burrell re-signed with the Giants for $1 million because "at this point for me, it's about being happy and being in a place where you enjoy the players, the staff and the organization." … Raysbaseball.com beat writer Bill Chastain, after authoring several sports books, has produced his first novel, the Peachtree Corvette Club.


text:
Ski Deaths
Two Whitefish skiers died this last weekend while skiing at the Whitefish Mountain Ski Resort. Both were in separate instances. Be careful this winter season and remember you can never be too safe.
Wedding Photo Gallery: Larry Stanley
When you plan a Montana wedding outdoors you've got to have a "Plan B" regardless what date you pick. Mandy and Daniel married on September 5th at The Woodlands and it's a good thing they had the beautiful event facility as a back up.
Tuscon Shooting: Latest Developments
Here is the latest information from Tuscon, Arizona where twenty people were shot Saturday at a Safeway, killing six and wounding fourteen, including U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords. Among the dead are a Federal Judge and a nine-year old girl.
Funeral, Procession For Belgrade Soldier Today
U.S. Army Captain Jeremiah Sipes of Belgrade was killed at Fort Bragg on January 1, 2011. Reports are that the shot was fired by a hunter. His remains arrived in Bozeman Saturday afternoon. The funeral and procession are scheduled for today.
Bobcat Men Fall At Northern Colorado
The Bobcat Men's Basketball team (9-7, 3-1) ended it's three-win run into the Big Sky Conference season with a 72-58 loss tonight gainst Northern Colorado (8-7, 4-0). The Bears outscored the Bobcats 41-23 in the second half to open their conference record with four straight wins. The Cats return home to host Portland State Thursday night in Bozeman. GO CATS!
Rihanna's Fragrance, 'Reb'l Fluer,' Hits Stores In February
What's that smell? It's Rihanna's new fragrance 'Reb'l Fluer,' and it will be in stores next month. 'Reb'l Fluer' translates to "Rebel Flower," a nickname given to Rihanna by her grandmother when whe was growing up in Barbados.
Silky-Voiced Homeless Man Copes With Sudden Fame
It has been a whirlwind week for Ted Williams. The Brooklyn native who ended up on the streets due to a long battle with substance abuse says he's been sober for two years. His velvet voice got him discovered, and now he's trying to deal with the fame that has come his way.
Bobcat Men At Northern Colorado Tonight
The Montana State Men's Basketball team (9-6, 3-0) continues their road trip tonight with a Big Sky Conference match-up at Northern Colorado (7-7, 3-0)...
Review: The Fall by Gorillaz
Montana Millionaire Winner
A Billings couple won the $1,000,000 grand prize in the Montana Millionaire. Looks like they will be ringing in the New Year in a whole new way. The wife of the man who bought the winning ticket tells the secret to how they won.
Just Hitting Theaters
Season of the Witch - Nicolas Cage stars in this movie where he and a fellow soldier must transport a powerful witch to a remote monastery and avoid all the perils that lie before them. Will they make it or will the world be destroyed? I doubt the world will be desrtroyed because then Nicolas Cage wouldn't be able to star in anymore lackluster blockbusters if the world was no more...Trailer inside.
Britney's Responds Via Tweet
Britney is embracing the leaked demo of her song yesterday and let us know in a recent Tweet.
"Heard an early demo of my new single leaked? If u think that's good, wait til you hear the real one Tuesday", we will keep you informed on just how amazing that will be come Tuesday.


text:
Editor's Note: ESPN Insider has teamed with Blue Ribbon College Basketball Yearbook to provide a comprehensive look at all 334 Division I teams. To order the complete 2009-10 edition of Blue Ribbon College Basketball Yearbook, visit www.blueribbonyearbookonline.com or call 1-877-807-4857.
(Information in this team report is as of Oct. 1.)
The list of accomplishments is impressive. And growing.


text:
Home > Manufacturers > Balt > Office Sets
Balt Office Sets Attractive Furniture Works Together
Create a stylish and functional work space with iFlex Modular Office Furniture. Each piece of the iFlex Collection is made with elements of vacuum-formed PVC, so a contemporary look. Balt iFlex Modular Office Furniture is backed by a one-year warranty.
Our friendly customer service team is happy to answer questions about the iFlex Collection or any of our school furniture products. Just give us a call at (877) 839-3330 to get started.


text:
Outcomes Study of Hyperinsulinemic Glucose Control in Cardiac Surgery
This study is currently recruiting participants.
Verified January 2017 by The Cleveland Clinic
The Cleveland Clinic
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
The Cleveland Clinic
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: August 31, 2007
Last updated: January 31, 2017
Last verified: January 2017
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery will be randomized into one of two groups. Group A will be administered insulin using the hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp to normalize blood glucose levels intra-operatively. Group B will be administered insulin at the standard of care levels established by the participating institution. Patients will be followed at 10 days, 15 days and one year post-operatively.
|Cardiac Surgery
|Other: Hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp Other: insulin at the standard of care levels
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary Purpose: Prevention
|Official Title:
|The Effect of Hyperinsulinemic Glucose Control on Outcomes Following Cardiac Surgery
Resource links provided by NLM:
MedlinePlus related topics: Heart Surgery
Drug Information available for: Insulin Insulin human DextroseU.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by The Cleveland Clinic:
Primary Outcome Measures:
- To assess the effect of hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp therapy versus standard therapy on the proportion of patients having one or more outcome events [ Time Frame: 15-30 days post surgery ]
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- health-related quality of life [ Time Frame: 15 and 30 days post operative ]To compare the randomized groups on continuous outcomes including health-related quality of life (at 15 and 30) days
- post operative atrial fibrillation [ Time Frame: 15-30 days post operative ]Evidence suggests that maintaining intra-operative normoglycemia during cardiac surgery while providing exogenous glucose and high-dose insulin may decrease post-operative morbidity or mortality. Using a randomized, controlled design, we propose to test the primary hypothesis that normalization of blood glucose using a hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp technique reduces the risk of a composite of serious adverse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
- post operative delirium [ Time Frame: 5 days after surgery ]New postoperative delirium as determined by a Delirium Battery consisting of the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS), Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE - leaving out the drawing), Memorial Delirium Assessment Scaler, Modified Delirium Symptom Interview, and abbreviated Digit Span. Patients will be assessed twice a day for a maximum of five days postoperatively.
- wound healing [ Time Frame: 15-30 days post operative ]Measured by wound collagen disposition, hydroxyproline content, and other mediators of wound healing (e.g. collagenase, cell matrix components, and matricellular proteins such as thrombospondin).
- Duration of hospitalization [ Time Frame: starting post operative day one ]Days from day of surgery to hospital discharge.
- Duration of Intensive Care stay [ Time Frame: starting post operative day one ]Days from day of surgery to discharge from intensive care unit.
- all-cause mortality [ Time Frame: one year post operative ]All-cause mortality identified during one-year follow-up.
|Estimated Enrollment:
|Study Start Date:
|July 2007
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|December 2018
|Estimated Primary Completion Date:
|December 2018 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Assigned Interventions
Experimental: Hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp
Patients will be randomized to receive the hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp titrating the blood glucose to 80-110 mg/dL.
Other: Hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp
Patients will be randomized to receive the hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp titrating the blood glucose to 80-110 mg/dL.
Other Names:
Insulin at the standard of care levels
Group B will be administered insulin at the standard of care levels established by the participating institution.
Other: insulin at the standard of care levels
Subjects will be administered insulin at the standard of care levels established by the participating institution.
Other Name: insulin
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 90 Years (Adult, Senior)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18-90 years old
- Scheduled for cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass
Exclusion Criteria:
- Off-pump surgical procedures
- Anticipated deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
- In available, baseline cardiac troponin I (>0.5 ng/L) or troponin T (> 0.1 ng/mL) levels (at RVH or CC, respectively)
- Any contraindications to the proposed interventions
- Active infection, including patients with endocarditis or infected pacemaker leads.
- Any infection requiring long- term antibiotics ( > 14 days)
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00524472
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00524472
|Contact: Andra I Duncan, M.D.
|Contact: Roberta Johnson, BA
|United States, Ohio
|Cleveland Clinic
|Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44195
|Canada, Quebec
|Royal Victoria Hospital
|Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 1A1
Sponsors and Collaborators
The Cleveland Clinic
|Principal Investigator:
|Andra I Duncan, M.D.
|The Cleveland Clinic
|Study Director:
|Daniel I Sessler, M.D.
|The Cleveland Clinic
|Principal Investigator:
|Thomas Schricker, MD
|Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada
|Principal Investigator:
|George Carvalho, MD
|Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada
More Information
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Keywords provided by The Cleveland Clinic:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
|Responsible Party:
|The Cleveland Clinic
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00524472 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|August 31, 2007
|Last Updated:
|January 31, 2017
Keywords provided by The Cleveland Clinic:
Hyperinsulinemic glucose control
cardiac surgery
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Insulin, Globin Zinc
Hypoglycemic Agents
Physiological Effects of Drugs
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017