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Law-making Amid Moral Outrage
Editorial Article Published in the Hindu
Legislators acting in response to moral outrage seen on television and during street protests and being apparently influenced by the importunate gaze of victims of crime from the gallery, does not augur well for sound law-making. It may not be right to characterise the quick passage of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Bill in the Rajya Sabha as a hasty move because it has already been passed in the Lok Sabha in May 2015. The draft too had been slightly modified before that, based on a February 2015 report of a standing committee of Parliament. Yet, it is difficult to overcome the impression that some members may have been gripped by a bout of moral panic after the release of the youngest convict in the Delhi gang rape of December 2012. The seeming sense of urgency was undoubtedly influenced by a section of the media demanding 'justice' after the convict was released from a Special Home on completing his three-year term there. An impression is sought to be created that the country's collective conscience demanded that a tough law be enacted to ensure that juvenile convicts committing heinous crimes do not get away with light sentences. An edifying aspect of this legislative episode is that there are enough voices around that understand that restorative justice is best ensured for this underclass by addressing the fundamental problems that create juvenile offenders in society in the first place, by ensuring universal access to education and social care for all children.
The Bill, which contains progressive aspects such as streamlining adoption procedures and extending the law's protection to orphans and abandoned children, still suffers from the problems highlighted by the parliamentary panel. The government, unfortunately, did not accept the view that children in a particular age group being subjected to the adult criminal justice system will violate their right to equality under Article 14 and the objective of protecting children in Article 15(3) of the Constitution. It, however, dropped a clause that provided for treating those who had committed crimes before reaching the age of 18 but were apprehended after they turned 21, agreeing that it was unconstitutional. It extended the period of preliminary assessment (the original draft called it 'inquiry') by the Juvenile Justice Board to determine whether a juvenile offender should be sent for rehabilitation or tried as an adult, from one month to three months. The board's assessment will still be subject to judicial review and may set off litigation over whether one 16-year-old was let off lightly or another was wrongly sent to an adult court. Such decisions may also be influenced by the prevailing public mood. It would have been wiser to have let the law stand in conformity with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, which advocates equal treatment of all children under the age of 18. The difference between sober assessment and mercurial action cannot be more starkly emphasised.
Supreme Court sets up social justice bench
New Delhi: The Supreme Court on Wednesday set up a social justice bench to deliver speedy access to constitutional rights, particularly those relating to women and children. The bench will deal exclusively with social matters, including the right to food and medical assistance. The move is designed to ensure that these cases can move quickly through the apex court and, notably, to encourage deeper deliberation on the rights and responsibilities of the state. The Supreme Court said "several cases relating to the domain of 'social justice' have been pending for several years" in the apex court, prompting Chief Justice H.L. Dattu to order "that these cases shall be given a specialized approach for their early disposal so that the masses will realise the fruits of the rights provided to them by the constitutional text".
The two-judge bench comprising Madan B. Lokur and U.U. Lalit will begin sitting from 12 December. The range of issues identified includes access to food for drought-hit people and prevention of premature deaths caused by lack of nutrition. The right to health figures on the agenda with the mandate to make access to medical care a reality irrespective of people's financial capacity. The bench will also determine availability of night shelters for the homeless and the destitute. "This is an idea that should have been long implemented. The job of judiciary is not just to deliver justice but also to make people respect and fear the law. Right now, people think they can do anything and get away with it," said Ranjana Kumari of the Centre for Social Research, a non-governmental organization. "I know of two dowry cases which are pending in the Supreme Court for 22 years.
If this body is formed, hopefully justice wouldn't be delayed any more," she added.
While the apex court has routinely set up dedicated benches, these have primarily dealt with economic issues. The "forest bench", later renamed the "green bench", has been dealing with environmental cases for nearly two decades. Similarly, the lower judiciary has courts dedicated to crimes against children and offences like sexual assault. Having a dedicated bench for matters of constitutional rights and societal concerns will reduce the pendency of cases arising from such matters. The new bench will take up not only pending matters but also new ones in order to "secure social justice, one of the ideals of the Indian Constitution", the court said. The release also indicated that secure living conditions for women—in the absence of which many find themselves in sex work—are a part of constitutional goals which must be achieved.
Welcoming the move, Supreme Court lawyer and anti-trafficking activist Ravi Kant said, "I think this move will bring more focus on these issues. Different PILs related to the same matter are pending before different benches. This body will bring in more clarity. It will also expedite the delivery of justice."
However, some experts said that with only a brief announcement made so far, details about implementation, the number of cases to be transferred to the bench and other such matters were unclear. "Definitional questions as to what qualifies as social justice will arise. It might also encourage forum shopping, as each litigant wants to be heard by a sympathetic bench. The other problem is that the concept of rule of law promises equal treatment of all cases," Rahul Singh, assistant professor at the National Law School of India University, Bengaluru. "Constituting a special bench for a class of cases is antithetical to this concept." "It's important that the apex court is talking about these issues. But this shouldn't reduce to mere tokenism. We have so many mahila (women's) courts in the country. Crime against women has become a disease in this country," lawyer Rebecca John said. "If the bench is a response to recognizing that cases related to women and children are serious, then I welcome the move."
Read more at: http://www.livemint.com/Politics/vUH4B7kKPH4WcSFbnfhRKP/SC-sets-up-social-justice-bench-to-deal-with-social-issues.html?utm_source=copy
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 passed – Children in India get a new Law
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, has been passed by the Lok Sabha today, 22nd May, 2012. The Bill was earlier passed by the Rajya Sabha on 10th May, 2012.
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 has been drafted to strengthen the legal provisions for the protection of children from sexual abuse and exploitation. For the first time, a special law has been passed to address the issue of sexual offences against children.
Sexual offences are currently covered under different sections of IPC. The IPC does not provide for all types of sexual offences against children and, more importantly, does not distinguish between adult and child victims.
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 defines a child as any person below the age of 18 years and provides protection to all children under the age of 18 years from the offences of sexual assault, sexual harassment and pornography. These offences have been clearly defined for the first time in law. The Act provides for stringent punishments, which have been graded as per the gravity of the offence. The punishments range from simple to rigorous imprisonment of varying periods. There is also provision for fine, which is to be decided by the Court.
An offence is treated as "aggravated" when committed by a person in a position of trust or authority of child such as a member of security forces, police officer, public servant, etc.
Punishments for Offences covered in the Act are:
- Penetrative Sexual Assault (Section 3) – Not less than seven years which may extend to imprisonment for life, and fine (Section 4)
- Aggravated Penetrative Sexual Assault (Section 5) – Not less than ten years which may extend to imprisonment for life, and fine (Section 6)
- Sexual Assault (Section 7) – Not less than three years which may extend to five years, and fine (Section 8 )
- Aggravated Sexual Assault (Section 9) – Not less than five years which may extend to seven years, and fine (Section 10)
- Sexual Harassment of the Child (Section 11) – Three years and fine (Section 12)
- Use of Child for Pornographic Purposes (Section 13) – Five years and fine and in the event of subsequent conviction, seven years and fine (Section 14 (1))
The Act provides for the establishment of Special Courts for trial of offences under the Act, keeping the best interest of the child as of paramount importance at every stage of the judicial process. The Act incorporates child friendly procedures for reporting, recording of evidence, investigation and trial of offences. These include:
- Recording the statement of the child at the residence of the child or at the place of his choice, preferably by a woman police officer not below the rank of sub-inspector
- No child to be detained in the police station in the night for any reason.
- Police officer to not be in uniform while recording the statement of the child
- The statement of the child to be recorded as spoken by the child
- Assistance of an interpreter or translator or an expert as per the need of the child
- Assistance of special educator or any person familiar with the manner of communication of the child in case child is disabled
- Medical examination of the child to be conducted in the presence of the parent of the child or any other person in whom the child has trust or confidence.
- In case the victim is a girl child, the medical examination shall be conducted by a woman doctor.
- Frequent breaks for the child during trial
- Child not to be called repeatedly to testify
- No aggressive questioning or character assassination of the child
- In-camera trial of cases
The Act recognizes that the intent to commit an offence, even when unsuccessful for whatever reason, needs to be penalized. The attempt to commit an offence under the Act has been made liable for punishment for upto half the punishment prescribed for the commission of the offence. The Act also provides for punishment for abetment of the offence, which is the same as for the commission of the offence. This would cover trafficking of children for sexual purposes.
For the more heinous offences of Penetrative Sexual Assault, Aggravated Penetrative Sexual Assault, Sexual Assault and Aggravated Sexual Assault, the burden of proof is shifted on the accused. This provision has been made keeping in view the greater vulnerability and innocence of children. At the same time, to prevent misuse of the law, punishment has been provided for making false complaint or proving false information with malicious intent. Such punishment has been kept relatively light (six months) to encourage reporting. If false complaint is made against a child, punishment is higher (one year).
The media has been barred from disclosing the identity of the child without the permission of the Special Court. The punishment for breaching this provision by media may be from six months to one year.
For speedy trial, the Act provides for the evidence of the child to be recorded within a period of 30 days. Also, the Special Court is to complete the trial within a period of one year, as far as possible.
To provide for relief and rehabilitation of the child, as soon as the complaint is made to the Special Juvenile Police Unit (SJPU) or local police, these will make immediate arrangements to give the child, care and protection such as admitting the child into shelter home or to the nearest hospital within twenty-four hours of the report. The SJPU or the local police are also required to report the matter to the Child Welfare Committee within 24 hours of recording the complaint, for long term rehabilitation of the child.
The Act casts a duty on the Central and State Governments to spread awareness through media including the television, radio and the print media at regular intervals to make the general public, children as well as their parents and guardians aware of the provisions of this Act.
The National Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) and State Commissions for the Protection of Child Rights (SCPCRs) have been made the designated authority to monitor the implementation of the Act.
National Legal Research Desk on Violence Against Women and Children
The Constitution of India provides for special treatment of women, guarantees equality and prohibits discrimination. The government of India has been strengthening various laws focused on women and children. This has been more visible since the Beijing CEDAW Conference. The recent years have been witness to some landmark interpretations and directives related to Violence against Women. Despite the constitutional mandate of equal legal status for men and women, the same is yet to be realized. The dejure laws have not been translated into defacto situation for various reasons such as illiteracy, social practices, prejudices, cultural norms based on patriarchal values, poor representation of women in policy-making, poverty, regional disparity in development, lack of access and opportunity to information and resources, etc. The ground situation more or less remains the same.
Most of the laws come with various institutional machinery, partnership between various stakeholders and active role of NGOs. These institutions need to be in existence in order for the law to be effective. Also the policies and programmes made at the top takes a long time to percolate to the bottom and there is an urgent need of sharing information and resoursces.
The awareness on laws and access to justice remains dismal. At the district and the state level sensitivity on women rights among judicial officers, administration and the police is very low. This leads to a situation where the implementation of the law becomes difficult. Recently India has increased its budgetary support for the implementation of various laws on violence against women and it becomes increasingly more important for the organization like Shakti Vahini to work on governance specially related to women and children issuesThe National Legal Research Desk (NLRD) has been instituted to strengthen the implementation of the laws related to Women and Children in India. NLRD focuses on documenting the recent changes in the law, collect and compile the Recent Landmark Judgments of the Supreme Courts of India & the High Courts and ensure wide scale dissemination of the same through the government and the non government machinery. The NLRD will work with Law Enforcement Agencies, Police Academies, Judicial Agencies, Government Agencies, Statutory Agencies, NGOs, Civil Society and Mass Media on promoting Access to Justice for Women and Children. The NLRD website is a knowledge Hub for compilation of all Laws, Judgements and Resource materials on Violence against Women and Children in India. In the first phase (2012) it will focus on the laws related to Human Trafficking, Domestic Violence, Juvenile Justice, Rape Laws, PCPNDT Act , Honour Crimes and Victim Compensation.
Panel clears Bill to save kids from sex crimes
THE TRIBUNE / New Delhi, December 21
The landmark law on protection of children from sexual assault and pornography crossed the first big hurdle today as the Parliamentary committee reviewing its provisions cleared the Bill with one major rider. The committee rejected the government's proposal to treat 16 years as the age of consent and not classify as an offence consensual sexual acts with children aged 16 to 18 years.
Though the Ministry of Child Development, piloting the law, argued for the age of consent saying sexual awareness of children couldn't be overlooked, the committee said once the law had defined everyone up to 18 years as children, the element of consent should be treated as irrelevant. The ministry's contention that not having the element of consent would lead to criminalisation of consensual action by 16 to 18-year olds didn't go down well with the committee which said in its report to the Parliament today, "By having the element of consent, the focus will be on the victim, leading to his or her re-victimisation. Children can't be exposed to lengthy cross examinations on issues of consent."
The committee has further asked the government to cover religious institutions like muths, madrasas and monasteries under the law. It accordingly sought amendment to the clause – "Whoever being on the management or staff of an educational institution commits penetrative sexual assault on a child in that institution…would be punished" – to include religious institutions where young boys go to study. The law also covers households, hospitals, schools and juvenile homes.
The parliamentary panel has, however, sought the word "shared household" defined as "a household where the person charged with the offence lives or has at any stage lived in a domestic relationship with the child". The existing definition is a bit limiting. This clause will protect children from family and is historic considering the 2007 government study which revealed that 53 per cent children had suffered sexual abuse and half of these were at the hands of persons in the position of trust.
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Bill 2011 (introduced in the Rajya Sabha on March 23 and referred to the committee) further allows children and anyone from the public to report the offence and its apprehension to the local police or special juvenile police unit. It covers sexual offences against children at the time of communal violence and provides for special courts to deliver justice in a child-friendly environment.
Its landmark features are – definition of sexual assault for the clarity of victims and law enforcers and the presumption that those who committed the offence are accused unless proved otherwise. Though the law has safeguards to prevent false complaints, it ensures that cases don't fall through for want of evidence which is difficult to collect.
With this law, India seeks to fulfil its commitment to the UN Convention for Rights of the Child that it ratified in December 1992. The law is path-breaking considering 24 per cent rapes in India involve children (11 per cent of these involve those under 14 years). Government data further shows that conviction in rapes fell from 38.7 per cent in 2001 to 30 per cent in 2009; in matters where minors were procured for prostitution, conviction rate fell sharply from 39.1 per cent to 18.9 per cent over the same period.
Parliamentary Committee rejects government proposal to treat 16 years as the age of consent and not classify as an offence consensual sexual acts with children aged 16 to 18 years
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Bill,2011
Juvenile officer at every police station must: court
"He shall take care of safety, food and basic amenities of the child"
The Supreme Court has directed the Director-Generals of Police of all the States and Union Territories to ensure that at least one police officer in every police station is designated as Juvenile/ Child Welfare officer to deal with the children in conflict with law. In its interim order, a Bench of Justices R.V. Raveendran (since retired) and A.K. Patnaik said: "The Home departments and the DGPs of States/UTs will further ensure that Special Juvenile Police unit, comprising all police officers designated as Juvenile or Child Welfare Officer, is created in every district and city to coordinate and upgrade the police treatment to juveniles and the children as provided in Section 63 (2) of the Juvenile Justice [Care and Protection of Children] Act, 2000."
According to the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection Children) Rules 2007, as soon as a juvenile is apprehended, the designated juvenile/child welfare officer of the nearest police station shall be asked to take charge of the matter. The officer shall produce the child before the Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) within 24 hours.
He shall intimate the parent or guardian, collect his socio-economic background and report the matter to the JJB.
Except in grave offences like rape, murder or one committed jointly with an adult, the case against a juvenile or child shall not be registered as an FIR and no charge sheet shall be filed, except making an entry in the general diary of the police station. The officer shall be responsible for the safety, food and basic amenities of the offender. Since the Act and the Rules framed were not being followed, the Supreme Court had been monitoring the implementation of the Act on the writ petition filed by Sampurna Behura and passed orders to the States/UTs from time to time. The court has already passed several orders for constitution of JJBs under Section 4 of the Act and Child Welfare Committees under Section 29 of the Act and most of the States and UTs have taken steps to constitute them.
Monitoring to continue
The Bench in its recent order made it clear that it would continue to monitor implementation of the provisions of the Act and asked the District Legal Service Authorities to provide the required training to the officers. It directed the matter to be listed in the first week of January, when the State governments and the UTs would file an affidavit outlining steps taken by them pursuant to this order.
Related articles
- Court orders for Training of all Juvenile Police Officers (equalityindia.wordpress.com)
Police/SJPU – how they can choose to be an adversary or a friend of Children in Need of Care & Protection and Juvenile in Conflict with Law
For any social and reformative legislation to be successful, it requires not just the good law but dedicated and motivated functionaries of the criminal justice system as well as the administrative wings of the govt in addition to responsive and responsible society. In the absence of these prerequisite, the law is but just a piece of paper and can never hope to make the impact it was intended to make.
The same stands true for our Juvenile Justice system as well. the object of juvenile justice system is prevention (ensuring that children do not come in conflict with the law), diversion (that children are kept away from formal criminal justice system and into community based and restorative processes to prevent repeat delinquency), protection ( of CICL from human rights violations and the children from exploitation and abuse). the mission being to not to simply punish the violators but to help the young violators of law to get back in the society on the right path. The focus being to look into the complexity of the life situation of the child and thus offering commensurate rehab program in the best interest of the child. Further, in case of CNCP, to reach out to them and ensure their proper care and rehabilitation. Thus ensuring aftercare and reintegration of all the children who have been left out, back into the society.
Considering these objectives, it was felt that the existing machinery was not in sync with the need of the children and that it requires a separate juvenile justice system which will cater to the specific needs of the children through a sensitive police, informal and flexible judiciary ready to intervene in the best interest of the child and institutions who are well equipped to design and implement the individual rehab and reintegration programs.
At the police level, a separate system of Juvenile Welfare Officers at the Police Station level, Special Juvenile Police Units at the District levels and State Nodal Unit at the state level were set up to upgrade the treatment meted out to the children at the hands of police to a more humane and sensitive approach. The Child Welfare Committees and Juvenile Justice Boards were also set up to look into the best interest of the child. However it has to be understood that the Juvenile Justice Act is a social legislation, aimed at changing the way our children get treated in the society and the system, and just putting the administrative structure alone is not enough to reach the goals set up by the JJ Legislation, it requires corresponding change in behavior as well as mindset at all levels to make a real impact in the life of a child.
From the police perspective, the JJ act lays down the groundwork of what police is expected to do or work in a given set of circumstance relating to children who are in need of care and protection as well as those in conflict of law, that they are specially instructed and trained and have an aptitude to handle the children. The rules go further and extols the police agency to be proactive. the rules bring out the proactive approach by making SJPUs the watch dog for providing legal protection against all kinds of cruelty, abuse and exploitation of child or juvenile and to take serious cognizance of adult perpetrators of crimes against children in addition to other duties mentioned thereof.
Role of police under the JJ Act
Police plays a substantial role in the juvenile justice system be it vis a vis the child in need of care and protection (CNCP) or the child in conflict with law (CICL). How it plays this role i.e., by taking the child along , in his best interest or considering him as any regular criminal or a victim depends on their level of sensitivity and commitment. In almost all the cases of CNCP as well as CICL, the police are usually the first point of contact with the child. This is indeed an important role as it means that the police officer, invariably the first contact point, now determines whether the child becomes the part of the juvenile justice system to begin with or not. And what kind of intervention the officer is going to make in the situation vis a vis the child often determines the future of this child.
The jj act and the modal rules lays specific duties for the police especially SJPUs vis a vis children such as to upgrade the police treatment of all juveniles and the children (Section 63), to coordinate and function as a watch dog for providing legal protection against all kinds of cruelty, abuse and exploitation of child or juvenile (rule 84(5)), to take serious cognizance of adult perpetrators of crimes against children and to see to it that they are without delay apprehended and booked under the appropriate provisions of the law (rule 84(6)), identifying CICL and CNCP in association with civil society(rule 84(7)) to name the few.
Child in Need of Care and Prptection: The specific role of police in how to address the situation when a child victim comes within their jurisdiction, is laid down in CrPC as well as JJ Act. This is more the procedural part which at best is but a skeletal and has to be augmented by the right attitude and inclination to do whatever is required in the best interest of the child. The police however, has historically and from the nature if its work profile is more inclined towards law and order and has more of crime criminal orientation. The change from crime and criminal orientation to victim orientation needs loads of efforts, interest and dedication in addition to a sensitized and dedicated police force. Whether it's a case of physical, emotional or sexual abuse of the child, whether the child has been exploited for his work, whether the child is a street child with nowhere to go, a beggar, whether this child who is in need of care and protection of the law comes within the purview of law requires a sensitive citizen who is ready to intervene as well as a sensitive police force which is duty bound to take such children within its cudgels so that the JJ system becomes operational . These children invariably cannot stand up for themselves and need all the support possible to access to the services available to them under the law. The children being children are afraid of the formal system be it the police which goes to rescue them or the judicial system and the children homes where they are taken. At that point a soft and sensitive approach wherein the child can trust and find a friend and a guide in police will definitely mean a new life for the child and give him courage to break out of the shackles and rise towards a better destiny in addition to helping the police to nail the culprits.
There have been instances where in the children were so afraid of police with stories as well as image of police brutality that it often took lot of time to allay their fears and establish a congenial rapport with them, remove that hostility and build a confidence that police is acting in their best interest.
Child in Conflict with Law
First of all it has to be realized that any interaction with a juvenile delinquent is an opportunity to prevent him from committing the crime again. This missed opportunity often leads to juveniles downslide into involvement in repeated, serious and often violent crimes.
The jj act gives lot of discretion to police while dealing with children. The very concept of giving the discretion is so that the police person can act responsibly in the best interest of the child. As stated earlier, the police at the first point of contact with CICL and decides whether the child will be a part of criminal justice system at all or not. Thus the most important decisions in law enforcement are made by the police officers. At this point of contact is required the most balanced and appropriate response.
Under the JJ Act there are three categories of juvenile offenders, firstly those involved in petty offences where in the police officer has been given the discretion to sort the matter at the PS itself without resorting to any procedural requirements. The second category is of juveniles involved in non serious offences i.e. those entailing punishment of less than 7 years under the IPC. In this category the police officer can apprehend the juvenile only when it is in his best interest and then also can state that the child be treated as CNCP rather than the one in conflict with law. In serious offences wherein the punishment is more than 7 years, the police officer again has discretion on how he wants to treat the child. Thus the discretion comes with a responsibility to see to it that the police child encounter results in a positive intervention.
What is required to fulfill the objectives of JJ Act is sensitive, proactive and dedicated policing wherein the theory can be converted into practice because on the police interaction lies the outcome of a situation as well as the future of the child. Now the question that arises is how to make the force proactive? what are the kind of officers who are becoming JWOs? what is there orientation and interest? what are the perks and resources available with the commensurate challenges in handling juveniles?
Till these questions are dealt with, we have to make do with getting the job done through administrative directions and strict supervision. Thus we need to develop code of conduct for police personal in the lines of SOPs while dealing with children in different situations. Next step is involving the society at large. We need to rope in NGOs, other public spirited individuals, RWAs and other institutions like state legal service authorities which not only help the police agencies but also act as checks through their feedback mechanisms.
In Delhi Police, the SJPUs were created in each and every district. To bring about attitudinal and behavioral changes, training and sensitization programs were conducted for police officers at two level i.e., the police station level for all the functionaries at all level who are working in the field and at State level for all the JWOs of the Police stations. The idea was to have a sensitized police force at all levels including the field staff that invariably were the first point of contact with the child. The unique part of the police station sensitization programs is that it is being done by the NGOs working in the field of child rights. The NGOs resource persons visit the police stations regularly and interact with the police staff at all levels thus bringing in an outsiders perspective on how Delhi police is responding to children issues.
In addition to this we have an excellent networking with governmental as well as nongovernmental organizations working on child rights. It is a kind of symbiotic relationship wherein both are working for a common goal in an atmosphere of trust, support and mutual respect. The end result is that NGOs and other organizations now work hand in hand with police in the best interest of the child.
PROBLEMS FACED BY POLICE in performing their duties vis a vis children
One of the major problem faced is that there is still no separate exclusive JWO or SJPU in the distt. Role conflict and lack of time as well as lack of logistic support affect the expectations from the police as the time and patience required to deal with the child is seldom there. Some of the other problems faced are
- the need for specialized training for appropriate handling of children
- the role conflict experienced by the police officer in solving a crime and helping the child.
- low community participation in addressing juvenile delinquency.
- poor police image and perception makes it difficult to establish a rapport with the child and to work within the community with mutual trust and goals.
- police has very little intervention or say when it comes to the orders for release or incarcerations given by the JJBs. police rarely has any role in the after release processes that too when rules state that juvenile delinquency prevention is also one of the role of the JWO. Infect some of the orders of JJB have criticized the police officer from visiting the juvenile offender.
- the important point is that the positive efforts of the police do not get reflected in their output as it is measured more on crime and law and order data thus the stakes or value additions for taking on this additional work is not there in our tangible goal oriented organization as well as society.
Need of the hour is to deal with juvenile delinquency and cncp in a holistic manner, addressing at risk families so that preventive strategy can be put in place. At present there are not enough institutions and programs to help the delinquents to re-integrate in society and lead the life without crime. At times the trust that they can indeed successfully do so is also missing. Recently prayas has taken up this initiative and have started a program "yuva connect" in this regard.
Police actions have to be accompanied by actions from other institutions. Police has a limited role and cannot make any promises vis a vis resources, professional counseling and reintegration and on its own has nothing much to offer. What is required is a holistic interdepartmental approach in dealing with the delinquent and preventing them in future. In the absence of any concrete and effective rehab program and liberal courts and the fact that the repeat offenders are ever increasing, forming gangs, becoming hardened and getting involved in heinous crimes, there is chronic frustration in the police and thus the whole JJ system appears to be more symbolic than actually addressing the issue of juvenile delinquency.
Also we need to inculcate responsibility in the juvenile for his acts and omissions, the intervention of JWO should be encouraged to ensure that juveniles do not return to crime. The community service should be encouraged for reparation of their wrongs and last but not the least there is a need to develop competencies to develop the delinquents as productive citizens.
Paper delivered by Ms. Suman Nalwa, Addl.DCP/SPUW&C, Nanak Pura, New Delhi to National Seminar on Access to Justice-What it means to a child on 9th & 10th July, 2011 at Hall No. 6, Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi
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- Govt passes order to rein in errant agencies (shaktivahini.wordpress.com)
- Child rescued, but not rehabilitated (shaktivahini.wordpress.com)
- 23 kids rescued, 5 held for abduction (shaktivahini.wordpress.com)
- Juvenile Justice Leader Releases Interactive U.S. Data Map Revealing Racial Disparities by State (prweb.com)
- The state of America's children (seattletimes.nwsource.com)
- "Should A Juvenile Ever Be Sentenced To Life Without Parole?" and related posts (lawinfo.com)
'Jurisdiction of Indian courts not barred in child custody cases'
The Supreme Court has held that jurisdiction of Indian courts is not barred while dealing with a case of custody of a child removed by a parent from a foreign country to India in contravention of the orders of the court where the parties had set up their matrimonial home.
Giving this ruling, a Bench of Justices V.S. Sirpurkar and T.S. Thakur said: "Interest and welfare of the minor being paramount, a competent court in this country is entitled and indeed duty-bound to examine the matter independently, taking the foreign judgment, if any, only as an input for its final adjudication."
Writing the judgment, Justice Thakur said: "Recognition of decrees and orders passed by foreign courts remains an eternal dilemma in as much as whenever called upon to do so. Courts in this country are bound to determine the validity of such decrees and orders keeping in view the provisions of Section 13 of the Cr.PC 1908 as amended by the Amendment Act of 1999 and 2002."
The Bench said: "The duty of a Court exercising its Parens Patraie jurisdiction, as in cases involving custody of minor children, is all the more onerous. Welfare of the minor in such cases being the paramount consideration, the court has to approach the issue regarding the validity and enforcement of a foreign decree or order carefully. Simply because a foreign court has taken a particular view on any aspect concerning the welfare of the minor is not enough for the courts in this country to shut out an independent consideration of the matter."
The Bench said: "Conflict of laws and jurisdictions in the realm of private international law is a phenomenon that has assumed greater dimensions with the spread of Indian diaspora across the globe. While intellectual content and technical skills of these youngster find them lucrative jobs in distant lands, complete assimilation with the culture, the ways of life and the social values prevalent in such countries do not come easy."
It further said: "Experience has also shown that in a large number of cases one of the parties may return to the country of his or her origin for family support, shelter and stability. Unresolved disputes in such situations lead to legal proceedings in the country of origin as well as in the adoptive country. Once that happens, issues touching the jurisdiction of the courts examining the same as also comity of nations are thrown up for adjudication. The present happens to be one such case where legal proceedings have engaged the parties in a bitter battle for the custody of their only child, Kush, aged about 11 years, born in America, hence a citizen of that country by birth."
In this case, the appellant, Ruchi Majoor, mother of the child, returned to India from the U.S. and obtained interim custody of the child from a trial court in Delhi.
On an appeal from the child's father, Sanjev Majorr, the Delhi High Court set aside the order, holding that Indian courts had no jurisdiction to decide the issue since the father had already obtained an order from a U.S. court for the custody of the child.
The present appeal by the mother is directed against that order.
The Supreme Court disposed of the appeal while entrusting the child's custody with the mother, but allowing visitation rights to the father.
Kumar V. Jahgirdhar, president of Children's Rights Initiative for Shared Parenting (CRISP), a Bangalore-based NGO, reacting to the judgment, said: "In cases relating to international child abduction, the left behind parents, mostly fathers, are deprived of the child custody. The only solution for preventing this crime is India should immediately sign the Hague Convention on International Child Abduction."
Related articles
- Hindu marriages: HC ruling upsets settled law (indialawyers.wordpress.com)
- A Challenge to Doing Gender Justice by Violence (shaktivahini.wordpress.com)
Pro-poor judicial initiatives: now for a media push
Three pronouncements made on three consecutive days this month by the Supreme Court of India have brought relief to different groups of economically and socially deprived people. The beneficiaries include children sold out by poor parents to work in circuses as child labour; young men and women determined to get married crossing caste barriers and harassed for that very reason by 'khap panchayats'; and the hungry poor across the country denied their right to food, even as thousands of tonnes of food grains rot in government godowns.
Interestingly, the media, by and large, have been playing a proactive role in bringing the issues on to the public agenda. Daily newspapers and magazines have published several articles about hundreds of children, mostly girls, who were brought to India from neighbouring countries, especially Nepal and Bangladesh, to work in circus companies that have proliferated across the country. The living conditions were inhuman, resembling slavery. Thanks to some dedicated NGOs working in India and Nepal, the Indian media have exposed the trafficking in girls, who end up being exploited and sexually abused by circus owners and their men. This is the pathetic life of girls bought for paltry sums of money from poor parents not only from adjacent countries but also from Indian States such as Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. This is the price these hapless children and their families pay to keep our children laughing. BBC News and international news agencies have also reported on the girls' sufferings, while performing high-risk high-wire programmes.
Two decades ago, the hundreds of circus companies were in deep trouble owing to a gradual decline in public patronage. They sought State help to keep them going and save their performers and the emaciated animals that trek with them from camp to camp. The emergence of a large middle class with real purchasing power restored the economic health of the circuses, which have become one of the favourite entertainers for middle class children.
A rights-based judgment
In a rights-based judgment delivered on April 18, the Supreme Court banned the employment of children in circus companies. The court directed the Central government to take immediate steps to rescue the suffering circus workers and arrange for their rehabilitation. Passing orders on a petition filed by the Bachpan Bachao Andolan, an organisation working for children, a Division Bench comprising Justice Dalveer Bhandari and Justice A.K. Patnaik directed the central government to issue suitable notifications prohibiting employment of children in circuses within two months, in order to implement the fundamental right of children under Article 21-A of the Constitution, which guarantees the right to "free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such manner as the State may, by law, determine." The Bench asked the government to raid all circuses and liberate children and check violation of their fundamental rights.
Another Supreme Court judgment delivered on April 19 was highly critical of the caste system and declared 'khap panchayats" illegal. They were instrumental, the court observed, in encouraging honour killings and indulged in other atrocities against boys and girls married or tried to marry from outside their castes. The Bench, comprising Justice Markandey Katju and Justice Gyan Sudha Misra, wanted the government to ruthlessly stamp out the barbaric practice. A significant aspect of the judgment was that it directed the administrative and police officials to take strong steps to prevent such atrocious acts as honour killing. The court also asked for departmental action against officials who failed on this score.
It may be recalled that when States such as Haryana and Rajasthan reported a series of honour killings a few months ago, the media went all out against the spread of the crimes and the failure of the State police and administration to arrest it. When the Central government floated the idea of a ban on khaps, even Chief Ministers and ex-Minister sought to scuttle the move.
Starvation deaths
No less important is the serious concern expressed by Justices Dalveer Bhandari and Deepak Verma over the increasing number of starvation deaths in the country. They were hearing petitions relating to the streamlining of the public distribution system (PDS). The Supreme Court has once again questioned the approach of the Central government to the eradication of malnutrition and its failure to arrest starvation deaths in some areas. Justice Bhandari also questioned the Planning Commission's estimate that 36 per cent of the population was below the poverty line, which was inconsistent with the claim of several States, including Congress-ruled States, that the percentage was much larger. The judge wondered how the Planning Commission could fix a per capita daily income of Rs. 20 for urban areas and a per capita daily income of Rs. 11 for rural areas to determine BPL status. He also wanted the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission to file a detailed affidavit within a week "because the entire case rests on your figures."
Progressive voices, including economists, scientists, and social activists, have been articulating in the media the demand for a universal PDS. When the National Advisory Committee was about to endorse it, the government ruled it out once again. At a time the Supreme Court has stepped up the pressure for a pro-people solution, a well-informed and decisive media push will certainly help.
Related Articles
- Halt honour killings, rules SC (shaktivahini.wordpress.com)
- India bans child circus workers (bbc.co.uk)
- India court orders circuses to stop employing kids (sfgate.com)
- India court orders circuses to stop employing kids (seattletimes.nwsource.com)
- Stamp out khap panchayats: court (indialawyers.wordpress.com)
SC reverses acquittal by High Court in the Mumbai Child Sex Abuse Case
Two British men were sentenced to six years in jail in India on Friday for sodomising young boys living at a children's shelter.Supreme Court justices P. Sathasivam and B. S. Chauhan said the men were "evil influences" on the children who had sought safety at the Anchorage Shelter Home in Mumbai in a ruling upholding a 2006 lower court verdict. Duncan Grant and John Allan Waters were accused of sodomy and sexual assault by a 15-year-old boy who lived at the Anchorage Shelter Home in Mumbai. Other boys had made similar complaints.The shelter had been set up by Grant, a London charity worker, with money raised in Britain. Retired Royal Navy Lieutenant Commander Grant and Waters "had sex with children on multiple occasions", the judges said.
The two men were not in India when the charges were filed in 2001.Grant, who also ran children's charities in Tanzania, was extradited from the African nation in 2004. Waters was extradited from the United States in the same year after Interpol alerts were issued against the men. According to a 2007 national study in India, half of the 15,000 children and young adults surveyed said they had suffered some form of sexual abuse. A fifth of the child respondents said they had experienced severe sexual abuse, according to the study, conducted by Ministry of Women and Child, Government of India and backed by the United Nations.
In the year 1986, a petition was brought before the High Court of Bombay complaining about the plight of children at various children homes in Maharashtra. In the same petition, the High Court appointed a Committee, namely, the Maharashtra State Monitoring Committee on Juvenile Justice (in short "the Committee") headed by Justice Hosbet Suresh, a retired Judge of the High Court of Bombay. This Committee received some complaints from the Child Rights Organizations like Saathi Online, Childline and CRY about the mismanagement of Anchorage Shelters, and on that basis, the Committee sought permission of the High Court to visit various Anchorage Shelters.
After visiting various Anchorage Shelters including the one at Colaba and Cuffe Parade, a report was submitted before the High Court.2(b) On the basis of the said report, specifically expressing unconfirmed report of sexual exploitation of children, on 17.10.2001, one Ms. Meher Pestonji telephoned Advocate Ms.Maharukh Adenwala and informed her that some children residing in Shelter Homes were sexually exploited by those who were running these Homes.
On receiving this information, Ms. Maharukh Adenwala met those boys, who were allegedly sexually assaulted, at the residence of Ms.Meher Pestonji to ascertain the truth. After confirming the said fact, Ms. Maharukh Adenwala thought it proper to inform it to the Members of the Committee. After consulting the Committee, Ms. Maharukh Adenwala moved a suo motu Criminal Writ Petition No 585 of 1985 before the High Court.On 19.10.2001, the High Court passed an order for the protection of the children at Anchorage Shelter Homes. On 21.10.2001, one Shridhar Naik telephonically contacted Ms Maharukh Adenwala and informed her that the order of the
High Court giving protection to the children was being misinterpreted by the police and, therefore, certain3 clarifications were sought from the High Court and by order dated 22.10.2001, the High Court clarified the same.
With regard to the sexual and physical abuse at the Anchorage Shelters, on 24.10.2001, Childline India Foundation filed a complaint with the Cuffe Parade Police Station and while lodging the said complaint, Ms. Maharukh Adenwala was also present there. In spite of the fact that a complaint had been lodged, the police did not take cognizance of the offence under the pretext that the matter was sub judice and was pending before the High Court. Since the matter was not being looked into by the police, Ms. Maharukh Adenwala recorded statements of some of the victims and informed the said fact to the Members of the Committee. On 28.10.2001,Dr. (Mrs.) Kalindi Muzumdar and Dr. (Mrs.) Asha Bajpai met those victims at the office of India Centre for Human Rights and Law and endorsed that the statements previously recorded by Ms. Maharukh Adenwala were correctly recorded. After ascertaining the correctness of the statements by the Members of the Committee, the said facts were placed before the High Court and it was also submitted that the police4 authorities at Cuffe Parade Police Station were not seriously pursuing the complaint. The High Court, by order dated 07.11.2001, directed the police authorities of the State of Maharashtra to take action on the basis of the complaint lodged by the Childline India Foundation.
Based on this specific direction, Sr. Inspector of Police,Colaba Police Station was directed to investigate in detail the complaint lodged by Childline and to take such action as is required to be taken in law. On 12.11.2001, Colaba Police Station recorded the statement of one Sonu Raju Thakur and the statement of one Sunil Kadam (PW-1) was recorded by Murud police station on 13.11.2001. On 15.11.2001, police ultimately registered an offence at Colaba police station by treating the statement of Sonu Raju Thakur as formal First Information Report (in short 'the FIR') being C.R. No. 312/2001 and started investigation.
Though the offence was mainly registered against three accused barring William D'Souza, the remaining two accused, namely, Allan John Waters and Duncan Alexander Grant had already left the country and 5 therefore, on 05.04.2002, an Interpol Red Corner Notice was issued against Allan and Duncan. In pursuance of Red Corner Notice,Allan was arrested in USA and sometimes thereafter Duncan also surrendered before the Court in India. The Metropolitan Magistrate committed the case to the Court of Session and after committal, it was initially assigned to the First Track Court at Sewree. All the three accused pleaded not guilty and,therefore, claimed to be tried.
The Sessions Judge, by judgment dated 18.03.2006, convicted William D'Souza for the offence punishable under Section 377 read with Section 109 IPC, Sections 120B and 323 IPC and under Section 23 of the JJ Act. Allan John Waters was convicted under Section 377 IPC, Section 120B read with Section 377 IPC and Section 373 IPC. Duncan Aleander Grant was convicted under Section 377 IPC,Section 373 read with 109 IPC, Section 372 IPC and Section 23 of JJ Act.
Aggrieved by the said order, William filed Criminal Appeal No.681 of 2006, Duncan and Grant filed Criminal Appeal No. 476 of 2006 before the High Court of Bombay. State Government also preferred Criminal Appeal No. 603 of 2006 before the High Court for enhancement of the sentence of the accused persons. The High Court, vide its common judgment dated 23.07.2008, set aside the order of conviction passed by the Sessions Judge and allowed the criminal appeals filed by the accused and acquitted all of them from the charges levelled against them and dismissed the appeal filed by the State Government.
Aggrieved by the order of the High Court, Childline India Foundation and Ms. Maharukh Adenwala filed Criminal Appeal Nos. 1208-1210 of 2008 and State of Maharashtra has filed Criminal Appeal No. 1205-1207 of 2008 before this Court by way of special leave petitions.
Constitutional provisions relating to children
Children are the greatest gift to humanity. The sexual abuse of children is one of the most heinous crimes. It is an appalling violation of their trust, an ugly breach of our commitment to protect the innocent. There are special safeguards in the Constitution that apply specifically to children. The Constitution has envisaged a happy and healthy 34childhood for children which is free from abuse and exploitation. Article 15(3) of the Constitution has provided the State with the power to make special provisions for women and children. Article 21A of the Constitution mandates that every child in India shall be entitled to free and compulsory education upto the age of 14 years. The word "life" in the context of article 21 of the Constitution has been found to include "education" and accordingly this Court has implied that "right to education" is in fact a fundamental right.
Article 23 of the Constitution prohibits traffic in human beings, beggars and other similar forms of forced labour and exploitation. Although this article does not specifically speak of children, yet it is applied to them and is more relevant in their context because children are the most vulnerable section of the society. It is a known fact that many children are exploited because of their poverty. They are deprived of education, made to do all sorts of work injurious to their health and personality.
Article 24 expressly provides that no child below the age of 14 years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any hazardous employment.This Court has issued elaborate guidelines on this issue. The Directive Principles of State Policy embodied in them Constitution of India provides policy of protection of children with a self- imposing direction towards securing the health and strength of workers, particularly, to see that the children of tender age is not abused, nor they are forced by economic necessity to enter into avocations unsuited to their strength.
Article 45 has provided that the State shall endeavor to provide early childhood care and education for all the children until they complete the age of fourteen years. This Directive Principle signifies that it is not only confined to primary education, but extends to free education whatever it may be upto the age of 14 years. Article 45 is supplementary to Article 24 on the ground that when the child is not to be employed before the age of 14 years, he is to be kept occupied in some educational institutions. It is suggested that Article 24 in turn supplements the clause (e) and (f) of Article 39, thus ensuring distributive justice to children in the matter of education. Virtually, Article 45 recognizes the importance of dignity and ersonality of the child and directs the State to provide free and compulsory education for the children upto the age of 14 years.
The Juvenile Justice Act was enacted to provide for the care, protection, treatment, development and rehabilitation of neglected or delinquent juveniles and for the adjudication of such matters relating to disposition of delinquent juveniles.This is being ensured by establishing observation homes,juvenile houses, juvenile homes or neglected juveniles and special homes for delinquent or neglected juveniles.
Even in the case of Vishal Jeet vs. Union of India,(1990) 3 SCC 318 this Court issued several directions to the State and Central Government for eradicating the child prostitution and for providing adequate and rehabilitative homes well manned by well qualified trained senior workers, psychiatrists and doctors.
The above analysis shows our Constitution provides several measures to protect our children. It obligates both Central, State & Union territories to protect them from the evils, provide free and good education and make them good citizens of this country. Several legislations and directions of this Court are there to safeguard their intent. But these are to be properly implemented and monitored. We hope and trust that all the authorities concerned through various responsible NGOs implement the same for better future of these children.
Under these circumstances, the impugned judgment of the High Court acquitting all the accused in respect of charges leveled against them is set aside and we restore the conviction and sentence passed by the trial Judge.


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PHOENIX — For months, Cave Creek and Scottsdale feuded over the title "The West's Most Western Town" that Scottsdale has claimed since 1947.
Threats of legal action were made. The idea of a quick-draw shooting contest between mayors was suggested to settle the matter.
After the kerfuffle, Cave Creek backed down from the fight and came up with its own title. The Cave Creek Council is going with the new town motto "Where The Wild West Lives."
State Historian Marshall Trimble backed Scotts-dale's hand during the feud and calls Cave Creek "claim jumpers" for trying to declare itself the "West's Most Western Town."
"(Cave Creek) needed to make up their own motto," he said. "Both sides should be happy now. Cave Creek is a neat little place but not what you would call cowboy western except during Wild West Days."
Trimble admitted he may be a bit partial.
"My grandparents came to Scottsdale in the 1920s and I came here in the 1960s."
Scottsdale trademarked its 66-year-old motto with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in 2007.
But over the last couple of months, Cave Creek — where former Tucson City Councilman Rodney Glassman is town manager — tried to goad Scottsdale into participating in a collection of Western challenges over ownership of the motto.
Cave Creek's Town Council made fun on Scottsdale's decidedly more urban and upscale atmosphere.
Scottsdale officials, in turn, threatened to have their city-slicker attorneys take the whole wrangle into court.
Standing behind Scottsdale's Western heritage, they cited the Parada del Sol parade and rodeo, the Hashknife Pony Express and more than 100 annual horse events held at WestWorld.
Cave Creek officials touted their annual Wild West Days, and said the challenge of a showdown was an opportunity for both communities to garner some publicity in the spirit of the Old West.
"If Scottsdale would stop whining and think, they'd see nothing but upside here, and a chance to have some fun," said Cave Creek Councilman Mike Durkin.
In the end, there's no need to decide the issue with six-shooters at high noon.
And the last word goes to Trimble, the historian.
Trimble said it likely isn't Cave Creek or Scottsdale that is the most Western town.
It's probably not even in Arizona.
"It's probably someplace in Montana where horses outnumber motorcycles."

subset: commoncrawl


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ABC learned a big lesson from the "All-Star" season of "Dancing with the Stars," following the drop in ratings in Season 15 – bad dancers rule!
"Turns out people like to see bad dancing as much as they do good dancing," ABC Entertainment President Paul Lee told reporters at the network's portion of the Television Critics Association Winter Session 2013 in Pasadena, on Thursday. "But we believe passionately in that franchise."
In order to help turn the viewer numbers – which ranged between 11 and 16 million throughout the season (by contrast, Season 14 drew in a 13-18 million range) around, Lee hinted they need to find celebs who have the potential to go on a "journey" over the course of the season.
"What I meant by that is clearly people love to see the journey as much as they love to see the competition and if you pick only the winners, for which I take responsibility, they're all gonna be great dancers," Lee said after the session, in response to a question from AccessHollywood.com. "We can all remember many series of dancing where you've had people surprise you. You never thought they could do it. You've had people lose weight and suddenly turn out to be the fittest people as we got to the end of the series, so people want to see the journey and that's something that we've done very, very well in each season — some better than others-- and we'll be able to do that just by going back to our normal way of casting."
Lee admitted ABC was "disappointed" by the numbers, but told reporters he thinks they can reinvigorate the fan base.
"We've got a fairly good base to start there with and yeah, we think it's gonna revitalize itself," he said.
"Dancing with the Stars" returns for Season 16 this March, on ABC.
-- Jolie Lash


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After losing the Test series MS Dhoni said to a reporter: "Don't be jealous of the IPL."
Are we jealous of the IPL? Partly.
Yes, because who doesn't want to make money disproportionate to effort and skill? Note that I have not used the word 'easy' money despite the fact that Mohd Kaif must have earned close to Rs 10 crore through the IPL without a single mindblowing performance.
Kaif's is easy money; and what Dhoni gets is hard-earned money fraught with calculated risks. But still disproportionate to the amount of effort required.
If being thick-skinned is a skill, Dhoni must be highly skilful and deserves accolades. Because the majority of us are emotional fools, HE is super special.
On the other hand, we are not jealous. Because earning that kind of money by 'bending' our skills (of course, to the demands of T20) is not our cup of tea. We are not that 'adaptable', you see. We unnecessarily get caught in the principles of fair play without thinking of progress. We are overtly concerned about the future of the sport. Is it really required? Why can't we live in the present (enjoy wins and defeats alike) and analyse the past only when it suits us ('form is temporary class is permanent' or 'he is too good a player not to be among runs/wickets for a long time'). How can we lack this basic smartness?
In a sense, India's Test debacle in England was somewhat expected. If Test cricket is the equivalent of classical music and T20 a striptease dance, how can we expect Demi Moore to dance well to the tune of Piya Bawri in Hrishida's Khoobsurat?
Again, we are wrong. For, our expectations are wrong.
Let's accept it without jealousy. Test cricket is extremely unfair to the batsmen. You keep your bat still; yet get an edge and get caught. In the IPL we put good bowlers aka tigers (further reduced due to a number of restrictions on foreigners) in a cage and throw stones at them. If we miss, the following batsman is always ready with a sharper stone. If the tiger manages to avoid all stones or keeps his ground despite being hit, we retire him (due to quota of overs).
Next bowling change: Lambs in a cage. And then we have a party with stones and also an after-match party.
Don't expect too much from Team India until the Mudgal committee tables their 'spot fixing and allied corrupt practices of IPL' report to the Supreme Court.


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Consumer Protection Law
Consumer Protection Law Questions? Ask a Lawyer Now.
Hi! LegalGems here. My goal: To Do My Best To Assist You. Please remember, I can only provide general information,as this is a public forum. Yes, you are correct in that the statute of limitations for a written contract is 6 years. Please see: http://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-011.html#NRS011Sec190 The statute would run from the time of last payment, up until the plaintiff filed suit. Since no payments were ever made, it would be from the date the first payment became delinquent. You could request a dismissal based on the expiration of the statute of limitations; or you could, if time permits (no upcoming court dates that would result in a default judgment), contact the attorney via email/letter, attach the relevant statute, and advise them the statute of limitations has run. If they realize you are aware of this, they may agree to a dismissal with prejudice, prepare the paperwork, and then you would not have to deal with a court hearing.


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2007 Spring Arts Season at Shelton State Offers Something for Everyone
(Tuscaloosa) – Shelton State Community College, Alabama's Community College of the Fine Arts, has planned an extensive season of arts events for Spring 2007. Most events will take place in the Sandra Hall Ray Fine Arts Center at 9500 Old Greensboro Road in Tuscaloosa.
From the popular Terrific Tuesday Concerts to productions by Theatre Tuscaloosa, Shelton State offers a wide variety of cultural events drawing audiences from throughout West Alabama.
All events are open to the public and are free unless otherwise noted. For additional information on Terrific Tuesday and Music Department concerts, call Syble Coats at 205/391-2270. For additional information on Theatre Tuscaloosa performances call the Theatre Tuscaloosa box office at 205/391-2277 or visit their website at www.theatretusc.com.
8-9 Auditions for "Amadeus"
Bean-Brown Theatre 7:00 p.m.
16 U of A Jazz Ensemble
Tom Wolfe
Alabama Power Recital Hall 1:00 p.m.
23 Musicale
Shelton State voice, piano & percussion students
Alabama Power Recital Hall 1:00 p.m.
30 Faculty Concert
Shelton State Faculty members
6 Amanda Penick, piano
University of Alabama Faculty
13 Shelton State Jazz Ensemble
Dr. Alan Blackshear, director
Bean Brown Theatre 1:00 p.m.
20 NATS Preview
Shelton State voice students
23-March 4 "Amadeus"*
Theatre Tuscaloosa
Bean-Brown Theatre
26-27 Auditions for "Crimes of the Heart"
Bean-Brown Theatre 7:00 p.m.
27 Dr. Roderick George, tenor
University of Montevallo Faculty
In the Galleries: Student Art Show
4 Shelton Singers Sacred Concert
Glinda Blackshear & Mark Brown, Directors
Covenant Presbyterian Church 3:00 p.m.
6 Dr. Cynthia Jones, piano
20 Chamber Music
Dr. Gary Smoke
27 Student Voice Recital
Brittany Norris, mezzo soprano
Sarah Beams, soprano
1 Student Voice Recital
Kate Gates, soprano & Joey Lay, baritone
Alabama Power Recital Hall 3:00 p.m.
3 Musicale
10 "Less is More"
University of Alabama Chamber Ensemble
Maggie Synder, director
13-22 "Crimes of the Heart"*
Theatre Tuscaloosa
Bean-Brown Theatre
17 Honors Recital
Shelton State honor students in music
24 Bach to Rock Ensemble
Glinda Blackshear, director
24 Shelton State Jazz Ensemble Spring Concert
with the Bach to Rock Ensemble
Glinda Blackshear, director
Bean Brown Theatre 7:30 p.m
28 Spring Concert*
The Shelton Singers
and the Tuscaloosa Community Singers
Leslie Poss, director
Moody Music Building Concert Hall
7:30 p.m.
10-11 Auditions for "The Music Man"
Bean-Brown Theatre 5:30 p.m.
22-July 1
"The Music Man" by Meredith Willson*
* Admission Charged
© Copyright 2012 Shelton State Community College
9500 Old Greensboro Rd
Tuscaloosa, AL 35405
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In the spring I activated my first SCOBY and all was well for awhile. But somewhere along the line I goofed up and ran into problems. Every step of the way the online support has been above and beyond helpful. Having them available into the evening and on Saturdays is great! With a second try I'm pleased to report my SCOBY is lumpy, bumpy and getting thicker. In a few days I'll be ready to harvest a batch, then it's on to a continuous brew! I appreciate all the info on the website and have four different cultures and ferments going now in my happy little kitchen.
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THREATENED grassland is being supported by Dorset Wildlife Trust, which is backing a campaign to review its protection.
Dorset grasslands found in West Dorset's Kingcombe area, near Toller Porcorum, have inspired writers such as Thomas Hardy and are vital resources for wildlife and for people, as they allow landscapes to hold water and reduce flooding.
Grasslands also act as filters, and for Dorset, Kingcombe's undisturbed and untreated grassland means clean water is flowing down through the River Hooke, into the River Frome. Living landscapes manager Debbie Watkins said: "As summer approaches we imagine walking through stunning wildflower meadows, playing sports in fields, or going for picnics.
"All these activities take place in grassland areas which has great value to each and every one of us, and to lose this would be devastating. Grasslands are undergoing decline, with immense pressures such as development, changes in agricultural practices and neglect leaving them fighting for survival."
The small pearl bordered fritillary and the marsh fritillary butterflies are at risk from the decline of any species-rich grassland.
"DWT is working with Dorset's landowners and farmers to advise them on how to manage grassland through our grassland restoration project, 'Pastures New', but we also need support at a national level through the Common Agricultural Policy to ensure farmers get the support they need to continue protecting grasslands in Dorset," said Debbie.
The value of Dorset's grassland has also been identified in national projects.
Kingcombe's 'Lady's Mead' meadow was selected as part of the 'Coronation Meadows' scheme in 2012, initiated by HRH the Prince of Wales in response to concerns over declining meadows in the UK.
Seeds from wildflowers in Lady's Mead, which is a vital food source for wildlife, were taken and used to restore one of 60 new meadows in the UK to help secure wildflower heritage. To sign the Wildlife Trust's petition to protect grassland visit wildlifetrusts.org/dontfadeaway.


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IT'S A BRAD, BRAD WORLD Adds Second Show at the Laurie Beechman, 12/2
A second 10pm show has been added to "It's A Brad, Brad World: the Music and Lyrics of Bradford Proctor" on Sunday, December 2nd at the Laurie Beechman theatre. It follows an earlier show at 7:30pm.
Newly announced to the cast are Janet Krupin (Bring it On), Marissa McGowen (A Little Night Music), and 11-year olds Adam Dorfman (" The Next Big Thing: NY") and Isabela Moner (Evita). They join the previously announced Jake Boyd (The Last Smoker in America), Brian Justin Crum (Next to Normal), Hannah Elless (Godspell), Jenna Leigh Green (Wicked), Gregory Haney (Bring It On), Lizzie Klemperer (Addams Family National Tour), Jake Loewenthal (Bunked! at the Fringe Festival), Michael Mott (Glimmgerglass' Kiss Me Kate), Ryah Nixon (9 to 5 National Tour), A.J. Shively (La Cage Aux Folles), Elizabeth Stanley (Million Dollar Quartet), and Alexandra Zorn (Seattle 5th Ave's Okalahoma)
The concert will be produced by Shoshana Feinstein and music directed by Bradford Proctor with Charlie Rosen on bass, Allison Seidner on cello, and Jeremy Yaddaw on drums.
There is a $12 cover charge with a $15 food/drink minimum; call (212) 695-6909 to make reservations. Laurie Beechman Theatre is located within the West Bank Cafe at 407 West 42nd Street.


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TS minister Jupalli & Revanth Reddy Fight - Exclusive visuals - ABN
Thu, Jun 09, 2016, 03:46 PM
Take a look at the video that shows Telangana Minister Jupalli Krishna Rao and Telangana TDP leader Revanth Reddy developing clash at a Government event, that was held in Mahabubnagar District, Bhogaram Village. Telangana TDP firebrand Revanth Reddy has tried to obstruct the Telangana Minister Jupalli's speech by dragging the Mike from his Hand. The clash has reportedly developed about Palamur Lift Irrigation Project Issue.


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Sat 7th Jul at 8:30pm (doors 7:45pm)
Central London Comedy Club
@ Theodore Bullfrog, London
Featuring: Hatty Ashdown, Nathan Cassidy, Vusi Mlilo, Dean Roberts, Don Biswas, Ben Adams, Tom Goodliffe
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Central London Comedy Club: Hatty Ashdown, Nathan Cassidy, Vusi Mlilo, Dean Roberts, Don Biswas, Ben Adams, Tom Goodliffe
Comedy night featuring top acts from the national circuit.
Visit www.centrallondoncomedyclub.co.uk for further information.
Please note that the artists appearing may be subject to change.
Hatty Ashdown
Hatty Ashdown is a stand up comedienne, presenter, MC, writer and actress.
'... innate funny bones' (Chortle)
'Anecdotal humour that never feels stilted or scripted... makes Ashdown one to
watch on the comedy scene' (Three Weeks)
'Wonderfully inventive, consistently funny' (Time Out)
'Warm, infectiously funny and brilliant' (Josie Long)
Hatty Ashdown tour dates
Nathan Cassidy
Malcolm Hardee Award Nominee, Winner of Best Show Buxton Fringe 2014 (Nominee 2015/2016) and regular act at Time Out Critics Choice The Rat Pack stand-up comedy. Nathan gigs, MCs and headlines all over the country and his new show 'The Man in the Arena' can be seen around the country into 2017.
'A great comedian. His rapport with the audience is instant and constant... Nathan Cassidy is fast becoming a firm favourite' (Broadway Baby 2013)
'Gloriously entertaining' (Chortle)
'Great jokes with an easy, confident manner' (FringeGuru)
'Classy stand-up show' (Time Out for The Rat Pack stand-up).
Nathan Cassidy tour dates
Don Biswas
Don's unique set combines both razor sharp one-liners, with humour about having Dyspraxia (organization and co-ordination difficulties) and mild traits of Asperger's Syndrome, and the effect it has on people, while coming from a middle class Indian family. Also thrown into the mix are quirky observational, political and topical humour.
'A phenomenal gag teller with an engaging stage persona, Don Biswas shows all the signs of a truly great comic' (Hecklers Comedy Club).
Don Biswas tour dates
Ben Adams
Ben Adams began performing stand-up in 2009 and has since reached the semi finals in numerous competitions. He has supported the likes of Scott Capurro and Imran Yusuf and has 'made an impact as MC for Central London Comedy Club and Mirth Control'.
'Ben Adams manages to push comedy boundaries to the absolute limit whilst being incredibly funny' (Tom Fowler, Jokers Comedy Promoter and Judge).
Ben Adams tour dates
Tom Goodliffe
Tom is a comedian, writer and presenter. Coming on to the scene in 2008/9, Tom got to the final of the Reading Comedy Festival New Act of the Year, was runner up in the Newbury Comedy Festival new act competition (aka You Must Be Joking) and won the prestigious Beat the Frog World Series at the Frog & Bucket in Manchester. Since then he did his first solo Edinburgh Fringe show, The Good Liffe, in 2011 and followed that up in 2012 with a show called 'All In Good Time', about time and procrastination.
Tom Goodliffe tour dates
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Venue Facts
Venue: Theodore Bullfrog
26-30 John Adam Street
Charing Cross
Website: theodore-bullfrog.co.uk
Email: ...
Enquiries: 0207 839 2697
→ Charing Cross 4 min walk
→ Embankment 3 min walk


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Welts + Silicone Injections
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Silicone Injected into Marionette Lines Left a Red Welt. What to Do?
Had an off Line Silicone Injected into Marrionette Lines.Now Big Red Welt.What to Do? I'm not sure if it was rubbed raw or what. I'm puttinbg... READ MORE
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"This is my Daddy's favourite pudding, and he doesn't like dessert because of boarding school memories, i hope you enjoy it, it is very simple and quick to make"
Boysenberry Apple Crumble
3 recipe photos
READY IN:40mins
Ingredients Nutrition
- 770 g sliced apples
- 3⁄4 cup craig's boysenberry jam
- 1 cup flour
- 1⁄2 cup brown sugar
- 1 cup rolled oats
- 1 -2 teaspoon ground cinnamon or 1 -2 teaspoon cardamom
- 70 g slivered almonds (optional)
- 150 g butter, melted
Boysenberry yoghurt
- 3 tablespoons craig's boysenberry jam
- 1 cup tararua natural unsweetened plain yogurt
- Mix Sliced Apple and Craig's Boysenberry Jam together and turn into a deep ovenproof dish.
- In a bowl, combine flour, brown sugar, rolled oats, ground cinnamon and almonds, stir in the melted butter until well combined.
- Spoon over boysenberry apple mixture.
- Cook at 180°C for 35-40 minutes or until crisp and golden.
- Swirl Craig's Boysenberry Jam into Tararua Natural Unsweetened Yoghurt.
- Serve warm with boysenberry yoghurt.


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Credit Card Center Advertiser Disclosure†
Oh and any extra money that I put in to increase the credit limit. Will that also be refunded back to me if I was to close the account?
i have myself 512 fico score and applied for the WF secured card, i put 500 deposit and got approved...
make sure you go to their branch because if i would it done it online it woulded be an instant decline...
good luck to you
Hope this helps, I ran into some troubles back in 2008 and had 3 accounts go to collections. My credit score was crap, After I got a car at 25% intrest I decided that I couldn't live that way anymore.
First advice is, If you can't pay your current bills, don't bother working on your credit. Nothing will help you if you keep getting dinged with 30/60 day late payments constantly. Once you have your financials under control and can save money, open up some cards. I started with a Cap 1 prepaid. I added extra and make it a $500 limit. Used it monthly go gas, paid it off in full. They even increase my limit $100. After 3 months I applied for a Credit One Bank card unsecure. $500 limit. few months later I got a Bar Clay Unsecure for $500. This month last year is when I first opened my Cap 1 card. My Transunion was 538, Its now 637. 100 points just for getting a few cards and being responsable with them. I am currently working on setteling out my old debt now. I know 1 thing that hurts my score right now too is inquires. When you have bad credit its hard to get credit. It took me server applications to figure to get my first unscured card. Also same with my car they probably ran 10 diffrent times. Once those fall off even at 2 points each my score will be almost 700. For anyone rebuilding your credit there is no easy instant fix. your not going to go from 500's to 700's in a month. Stay patient, and keep working at it. Worst thing you can do is open up cards and then miss a payment. Pay your bills on time and it will slowly get better.
Thank you both cyberone28 and dzemboc77 for your tips. I can definately afford to start paying in full on the small collections. I have 3 or so huge ones ($1000 or more) that I can do in a couple of months. I don't plan to do anything unless I have the finances though.
@henchman21 Let me get this fully understood. So I deposited the $49 and have $200 CL. If I deposite $300 extra my CL will increase to $500. After I zero the balance and then close the total amount of $350 would be refunded back to me? Is that correct? And sorry if I seem stupid for asking again. LOL
A $200 CapOne secure card was my first credit card a year and a half ago when all my scores were in the 500's and it made a big difference in a relatively short amount of time.
Good luck!
chevyman wrote:
Some inquiries stay for 2
Yes, an HP stays for 2 years but is only factored into your score for 1.
03-27-2013 07:56 PM - edited 03-27-2013 07:56 PM
@RTOrockstar If you don't mind me asking how much did they go up and how long after you had the card did they start to go up?
YMMV. It's different for every person because everyone has a different credit report. Getting the baddies off will make the biggest difference.
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Posted by @ 17:57
I could learn to
like respect this guy.
(Via Breitbart)
The mayor of Moscow, known for his
overtly homophobic statementsuncommonly good common sense (Fixed it for ya, Andy -DV), said Monday that he would never allow a gay pride parade in the city, calling it "Satanic" and saying marchers should be punished.
"A gay parade… cannot be called anything but a Satanic act," Yury Luzhkov told an education conference, quoted by Interfax news agency. "We haven't permitted such a parade and we won't permit it in the future."
Hmmmm. And it's bitterly cold in winter, too…
I may have to contact the SpatulaGoddess Emeritus and persuade her to take me on a tour.
Luzhkov called for gay marchers to be punished. "It's high time that we stop propagating nonsense discussions about human rights, and bring to bear on them the full force and justice of the law," he said.
Day-um. Can we nationalize him and have him run for president?
(There is precedent, y'know.)
Posted by @ 22:12
Tom Brookshier passed away Saturday night at the age of 78. Those of The Six Or Seven who have followed football for any length of time will remember that, before John Madden, Pat Summerall teamed with Brookshier to form CBS' #1 broadcast team during the 1970s – back when CBS had the rights to the NFC, including the Dallas C'boys.
Brookshier had a memorable interview, speaking of the 'Boys, with Dallas running back/enigma Duane Thomas, who answered only one of Brookshier's questions, and that with only one word – "Evidently" (when asked if Thomas really was as fast as advertised).
Which is, of course, why the Dullest Moaning Snooze elected to focus on the interview, rather than on Brookshier.
Posted by David Hartung @ 18:41
This is for you college football fans.
It seems that there is nothing that Papa Obama will not insert himself into.
Posted by David Hartung @ 18:49
Nancy Pelosi seems to think that She can freeze defense spending, and not affect the troops.
I am always hesitant to accuse others of lacking intelligence, but in this case, I may make an exception. Congressrat Pelosi is either stupid, or she is lying through her teeth.
I am the first to admit that the Defense Department wastes tons of money, but it is simply not possible to stop spending money with defense contractors and not affect the people. I would be more than willing to eliminate military waste fraud and abuse, but the last person in the world I would trust with that task is Nancy Pelosi.
Posted by @ 7:30
Nah, I didn't watch it. The replay aired on FNC while I was busy working a helluva lotta Unpaid Overtime working on two client machines, as well as prepping my "new"
shuttlecraft laptop.
And I had no desire to watch it, either. Everything Bambi spews out of his mouth is bullshit, so what's the point?
OTOH, I can do something that actually relaxes me – working on computers – and actually have a little bit of fun.
Posted by @ 10:00
(Hat tip to the beautiful Michelle.)
Anti-ACORN activist (and conservative hero) James O'Keefe has been arrested in New Orleans for allegedly trying to plant a listening bug inside excuse-for-a-Senator Mary "How Much Is That BambiCare In The Window" Landrieu's office – one of four people likewise arrested.
Supposedly, there's a confession by all four involved. Supposedly, this would appear to be an open-and-shut slam-dunk of a case.
But this is New Orleans. Demoscum-controlled New Orleans.
Something stinks here. And it ain't just the swamp.
I imagine more will be revealed in the days to come. But there's something not quite right about all this. Y'wanna call it conservative bias – fine, whatever. But I don't trust my eyes about all that's going on here, and neither should you, IYAM.
Posted by David Hartung @ 8:01
This guy has an idea that has been floated several times over the years. Only those who actually fund the government have any moral claim on the right to vote, while allowing those who are net recipients of government money to vote is a proven recipe for disaster.
The problem with this idea in our nation today is one of practicality. There is no way we will ever again be able to limit the vote to the net taxpayers, using peaceful means. The rabble and their self serving leaders would not stand for it.
This leaves only revolution, and revolutions do not have a record of putting rational, believers in limited government into power. Most often after a revolution, what you have is some blood thirsty tin pot despot in charge. Not the sort of environment to foster liberty.
In other words, the cure might well be worse than the disease.
The answer? Unfortunately, I don't believe there to be one in the secular world. Ultimately the answer is to return to the foot of the cross, to repent, and to place our faith in him who gave his life for our sins, that we might have eternal life.
Faith in our Lord will not solve the problems with the world, it will not straighten out the lunkhead in the White House. Christian faith will not even guarantee you a nice pleasant earthly life. What it will do is to give you the strength to deal with whatever the world will throw your way, and it will give you the assurance of eternal life with Him.
Posted by @ 7:30
Yeah, the temptation after you read this will be to call me a misogynistic troglodyte of a femiphobe. Or something.
Be my guest. See if I give a shit.
But this right here is People's Exhibit Numero Uno (a little Spanish lingo, there) of why we'd have been a helluva lot better off had women never been given the vote.
A female Democratic lawmaker in footage released Sunday said Congress could pass healthcare if female lawmakers "sent the men home."
Yeah? Well, we could balance the frickin' budget – if we sent the bimbos home. How about that?
(We could also win the war in both theatres if we could just send the pussified Donks home – but that's another post.)
Rep. Carol Shea-Porter (D-N.H.) said that both Republican and Democratic women members of Congress understand how to care for relatives and thus want the healthcare system to change.
"We go to the ladies room and the Republican women and the Democratic women and we just roll our eyes," she said. "And the Republican women said when we were fighting over the healthcare bill, if we sent the men home…" at which point she was interrupted by loud applause.
I call bullshit here. I'm willing to wager here that it wasn't applause – it was that fucking annoying "Awwwk, Awwwk!!!" crap we get outta this landfill of a TV talk show.
The IQ level sounds just about right.
"You know why? I'm not trying to diss the men
The fuck you're not, trollop.
but I'm telling you it's the truth that every single woman there has been responsible for taking care of a [relatives] and so we think we can find a common ground there," she said.
Yeah, well, lemme tell you something, you stupid bint. The Sibling Unit and I took care of our Dear Sainted Grandmother for a helluva long time without any fucking female help, knowwhutAhmeanVern? Not a one of you pissweaselettes ever so much as asked if you could lift a finger to help, so don't even give me this "responsible for taking care of [relatives]" shit. You can take that little bit o' queef and shove it back where it came from, capíce???
The New Hampshire lawmaker's comments come as Democratic leaders are debating alternative ways to pass the healthcare overhaul. Republican Scott Brown's victory in the Massachusetts Senate primary has stalled the debate.
Awwwwwwwwww, did'ums we deny oo another widdle member for your widdle Nor'eastern quilting bee? Awwwwwwwwww. Po' widdle buttercup.
Po' widdle stupid cunt of a buttercup, that is.
Posted by @ 6:58
Got this off the Yahoo! Sports site (good luck looking for it if you go there, just enjoy the anti-Minnehaha schadenfreude):
(Sung to the tune of Oscar Meyer's "My Bologna Has A First Name")
From the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel blog:
My interception has a first name, it's B R E T T
My interception has a second name it's F A V R E
Oh I love to throw them every day, but if you ask me why I'll say
'Cause Vikings players have a way of C H O K I N G
Oh, SNAP!
Posted by @ 21:50
Karma's a bitch, ain't it, Brett?
You threw one pass too many last week, but you got away with it.
This week…not so much.
After a battered Brett Favre threw away the game with an interception deep in Saints territory at the end of regulation, Drew Brees guided New Orleans to the Minnesota 22. Hartley, suspended at the start of the season for using a banned stimulant, split the uprights.
Posted by David Hartung @ 12:30
…you're watching "Star Wars" in the theatre and when they say, "May the force be with you," the theatre replies, "and also with you."
Posted by David Hartung @ 19:07
This clown simply does not get it. In this piece, Brother Obama tells us that he will never stop "fighting for us". A large part of our nation's problem is that we have far to many hack politicians "fighting for us".
I have a proposal. Let's make it a policy that any politician who says that he will "fight for us", is removed from office at the next election, to be replaced with someone who will actually leave us alone!
Posted by @ 7:00
It's been a damned good week to be a conservative, y'know?
First, we had Scott Brown's unlikely win in the Massachusetts Senate race on Tuesday.
Then Thursday, the Supreme Court pretty much eviscerated McRINO-Feingold.
The decision reverses a 1990 ruling by the court that allowed the government to bar corporations and unions from spending general treasury funds on ads expressly urging a candidate's election or defeat. And it overruled part of a 2003 decision that upheld restrictions on independent corporate expenditures enacted the preceding year in the seminal campaign finance overhaul act known as McCain-Feingold.
Naturally, the libtards are bitching – which is why it's a good thing.
Fred Wertheimer, a longtime advocate of McCain-Feingold, called today's ruling "the most radical and destructive campaign finance decision in Supreme Court history" and said the court's majority had "abandoned longstanding judicial principles, judicial precedents and judicial restraint."
The authors of the law, Sens. John McCain (R-Ariz.) and Russ Feingold (D-Wis.), expressed disappointment in the ruling, with Feingold calling it "a terrible mistake."
"Ah. Victory. It has a sweet taste." -Trelane
And to top it all off…Air Scaremerica had the proverbial fork stuck in 'em.
Air America Radio, a radio network that was launched in 2004 as a liberal alternative to Rush Limbaugh and other conservative commentators, on Thursday shut down abruptly due to financial woes.
The network once boasted hosts such as Al Franken and Rachel Maddow, but struggled from the outset, including multiple management shake-ups, a bankruptcy in 2006 and sale for $4.25 million the following year.
Air America ceased airing new programs Thursday afternoon and said it will soon file to be liquidated under Chapter 7 bankruptcy. It began broadcasting reruns of programs and would end those as well Monday night.
Couldn't happen to a nicer bunch of turds, eh?
Wasn't too long ago that the Left was crowing about the impending implosion & extinction of the Right. "Nobody likes you", they were saying. "A regional, backwoods party, only viable in the racist South", they were bleating.
Funny thing about crow. Lot more fun to do it than it is to eat it.
Posted by @ 7:30
When last we left Our Intrepid Hero, he had just received a
tongue keyboard-lashing by Dan Riehl for having the chutzpah to question him.
K'HADIBAK'H: You were properly chagrined, no doubt.
VENOMOUS: No doubt.
Posted by @ 7:00
So when we last left off, Dan Riehl was starting to take Sarah Palin to task, not so much for choosing a Tea Partiers' convention over the national CPAC, but for reportedly accepting between 75 & 100 large to come & speak. (You can find the category here, and cross-reference it with this Tea Party category. I don't have time or inclination to go through and analyze for you guys each & every jot & tittle Dan's written; you can do that for yourselves if that suits your fancy.)
But when he started in on Glenn Beck like this…