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Amaechi: Players wary of coming out
Biting an opponent would be seen as "better" than coming out as gay in the Premier League, former NBA star John Amaechi has said in an interview with the Associated Press.
On Monday, Washington Wizards center Jason Collins announced he is gay, becoming the first active male player in a major American team sport to come out.
Collins spoke to Englishman Amaechi, who became the first openly gay former NBA player in 2007, before making his sexuality known to the public.
Speaking to the Associated Press, Amaechi is of the belief that "the NBA is light years ahead of football", meaning that footballers in England are wary of coming out.
"If it wanted to be a better, more progressive organisation that supported diversity, not because it looks pretty when you put it on the back of your annual report ... it could be," Amaechi said.
"It has the resources. It doesn't want to get rid of the dinosaur, so the dinosaurs continue to roar through the hallways of football, making sure that everyone knows how you have to behave."
Alluding to the recent incident which saw Liverpool striker Luis Suarez banned for ten games for biting Chelsea defender Branislav Ivanovic, Amaechi said: "Let's face it. You are better off being the kind of football player who bites like a five-year-old than a gay player in football. One would get you less ridicule from the powers that be. It's shocking to me."
In 1990, the former Norwich and Nottingham Forest striker Justin Fashanu became the first professional footballer in the UK to come out as gay. Fashanu took his own life in 1998.
In February this year, former US international Robbie Rogers revealed he had to step away from football in order to come out as gay because it is "impossible" to do so while within the game.


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The U.S. Coast Guard has selected Bell's Eagle Eye unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as its choice to fill the UAV role in the USCG's overall hardware-improvement program, a plan aimed to make the agency more effective further from shore and, hence, known under the program title "Deepwater." Bell's HV-911 Eagle Eye is a full-function tiltrotor, much like its V-22 and XV-15 cousins. The 17.23 ft-long, 23.6 ft-wide (wingspan) robot tiltrotor can dash at 220 kt cruise or loiter at 90 kt in fixed-wing flight, or maneuver at far lower speeds as a helicopter. USCG plans call for use of the HV-911 as a wide-area surveillance platform in both offshore and homeland defense.
Rotorcraft Update: Coast Guard goes for unmanned tiltrotor
- May 9, 2008, 6:53 AM

subset: commoncrawl


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Connect With Us
The mission of ParkwayHills is to present Jesus Christ as Savior and to pursue Jesus Christ as Lord.
It is good to know you! Let's make a connection through LIFEgroups, events, dynamic worship services, and social media.
The City is the primary communications tool at ParkwayHills. When you are ready to connect with this community of believers, join The City.


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I'm Nazarene - Face Sleeveless
Product Color:
Product information
The Sleeveless I'm Nazarene - Face is the no-sleeve version of the popular favorite t-shape. Perfect for use in sports where you are bound to sweat and need wide range of movement as well as on hot and sunny days, to avoid those tan-lines across your biceps. Put Nazarene Sect on the finest combed jersey which feels soothing against your skin.
Nazarene Sect Sleeveless is available in 10 different color options. Heather Grey: 80% Peruvian Cotton/20% Polyester. Remaining Colors: 100% Peruvian Cotton.
Sku: SL1BL0000024730909090728DR0000000


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Gelest Expands European Presence
Gelest Inc. recently announced it has extended its reach into Europe through the acquisition of a warehouse and logistics center in Industriepark Griesheim, Frankfurt/Main, Germany. The expansion is reportedly in response to the increased demand for the company's silanes and metal-organics in the pharmaceutical and diagnostic markets.
The company also reportedly sees significant opportunities for silicone products in the specialty coatings and instrumentation markets. For the first time, Gelest will begin offering research quantities of its specialty materials directly throughout Europe.
For additional information, visit www.gelest.com.
Did you enjoy this article? Click here to subscribe to Adhesives & Sealants Industry Magazine.


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Canadian detainees at Guantanamo Bay
|This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. (October 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The United States Department of Defense acknowledges holding two Canadian captives in Guantanamo, two teenage brothers, Abdurahman Khadr and Omar Khadr.[1] A total of 778 captives have been held in extrajudicial detention in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba since the camps opened on January 11, 2002 The camp population peaked in 2004 at approximately 660. Only nineteen new captives, all "high value detainees" have been transferred there since the United States Supreme Court's ruling in Rasul v. Bush. In January 2008 there were approximately 285 detainees.
Abdurahman has described himself as the "black sheep" of his family, who was disgusted by the celebrations he witnessed of the attacks on September 11, 2001. He reported that he cooperated fully with the Americans, eventually agreeing to serve as a mole for the CIA, first in Guantanamo Bay detention camps, and later in Bosnia, where he was tasked to win the trust of Arab veterans of the Bosnian War of Independence.
Omar was captured after a skirmish in Afghanistan on July 27, 2002, where he was accused of throwing a grenade which fatally wounded Christopher Speer, an American Special Forces Sergeant.
Canadian residents and former residents in Afghanistan[edit]
In addition Guantanamo held approximately half a dozen men who had lived in Canada, either as refugees, candidates for citizenship, or illegal immigrants.
Documents published via WikiLeaks[edit]
On April 25, 2011, the whistleblower site WikiLeaks started publishing documents they called detainee assessment briefs.[2] These previously unpublished documents had been drafted by Joint Task Force Guantanamo, whereas all the previously published documents from Guantanamo had been drafted by the Office for the Administrative Review of the Detention of Enemy Combatants of the Office of Military Commissions.
Sixteen captives secret files were not available to wikileaks, including Abdurahman Khadr's.[2]
- ^ OARDEC (May 15, 2006). "List of Individuals Detained by the Department of Defense at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba from January 2002 through May 15, 2006" (PDF). United States Department of Defense. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
- ^ a b Jeff Kaye (2011-05-01). "Important Files Missing in WikiLeaks Guantanamo Release". Firedoglake. Archived from the original on 2011-11-05. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
External links[edit]
Media related to Canadian captives Guantanamo detainee assessment briefs at Wikimedia Commons


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Leslie brings a lifetime of dance training and professional circus skills to fire performance to create a unique fusion that is powerful and beautiful. She was honored with the opportunity to perform for the cast of Cirque du Soleil and was accepted into the Cirque performer database in Sept 2011. She has created many large-scale fire performances for everyone from Bumbershoot to Burningman.
Leslie can be seen solo as well as with her fire troupe, Pyrosutra. She works and performs with the professional collective at the nationally acclaimed circus arts center, The School of Acrobatics and New Circus Arts, in Seattle, WA. A proud native of the great state of Maine, Leslie currently makes her home in Seattle; that is, until the circus comes to town.
Leslie's bellydance technique and workout classes are on Summer break now. The next session begins Sep 20, 2017!
Classes are held, Wednesday nights at Youngstown Cultural Arts Center. Check out the Classes page for all the details. Drop-in's are always welcome at 6pm Beginning and 7pm Workout classes. 8pm - Sacred Geometry, "Home to the Sirens of Serpentine" is invitation only
GigaPixel ArtZoom // Zoom in on Leslie Rosen and The Sirens of Serpentine The ladies went on exhibition in the Seattle Art Museum as part of a massive city wide art project that combines the vibrant Seattle art scene with Seattle's cutting edge technology community.
Sep 16-17 // Bellydance Back to School ~ Sleep Over Retreat Frame Drum Workshop, Bellydance Skill Share, Sound Bath ~ Camp Long, West Seattle
Follow the tea lights and tingling bells over the arched bridge into the deep green sacred glen of the fairies
Sep 20 // Bellydance class begins!
Oct 21 // Leyl al Arab October Bellydance Showcase Enat Ethopian Restaurant 11546 15th Ave NE Seattle
Feb 10 // Save the date for something sweet....
Have you always dreamed of adding more fire to your life?! Now you can with Leslie's instructional DVD "Bellydancing with Fire" RELEASED by World Dance New York
Check out this review for Leslie Rosen's Bellydancing with Fire Instructional DVD from Guilded Serpent on-line now!


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Member since 4/15/2013
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Dr Shermak is AWESOME!!! So Glad I Chose Her! - Lutherville Timonium, MD
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Recent comments from sarah21911
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An exhibition launched this week at a Bedford school featuring the Jewish faith and festivals is open to visitors.
The Jewish Living Experience has been brought to St Thomas More Teaching School in Brickhill by The Board of Deputies of British Jews and will be running until Thursday, January 30.
The exhibition has travelled around the UK for more than 35 years, teaching non Jewish primary school children about the basics of the Jewish faith including festivals, Shabbat, Kashrut and Bar/Bat Mitzvah.
It comprises about a dozen stands with simple information and role playing items, including a mocked up Shabbat table, dressing up items, examples of kosher foods and engaging puzzles.
The exhibition has an interactive and hands-on approach which gives visitors the opportunity to experience Judaism through the use of detailed illustrated display panels, authentic Jewish artefacts and various educational activities. The exhibition is open to people of all ages but is most suited to schoolchildren age seven to 14, in key stages two and three.
The exhibition will be open to everyone including local schools and residents, and the school says all are invited to visit.
Visitors must book in advance with the school, as for health and safety there will be a limited number for visitors for each session.
Trained volunteers will be on hand at most sessions to answer questions and offer further explanation about the practices and values of Judaism in a fun, interactive way.
Headmaster of St Thomas More Teaching School James Richardson said: "We are proud to host Jewish Living Experience as part of our aim to bring understanding not only to our own staff and students, but also to the wider community.
"It is a great opportunity for us to ensure that St Thomas More continues to grow as a place of faith where students, staff and friends of all faith backgrounds are welcomed and their faith nourished."
Sara Younger, education policy and projects manager for the Board, said: "We are delighted that St Thomas More are allowing us use of their space. We look forward to showcasing the Jewish Way of Life Exhibition and our new Life Cycle section to all school children in Bedfordshire.
"Our aims are to offer an understanding of Judaism, to combat prejudice and stereotypes, whilst forming relationships with communities. This creates positive dialogue for the future. We believe that the exhibition is a modern and fun way of ensuring youngsters understand the basics about Judaism."


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Four-star cornerback prospect John Fulton felt he had his recruitment pretty well figured out in recent weeks. The Manning, S.C., native had started to focus on a top five and was even considering ...
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The Old North Star Church
Keith Webster
The year 1882 was the building of a small Presbyterianchurch in the town of St. Vincent. It was not a very large church but itserved it's purpose.
It was attended mostly by people of Scotch descent sincethere were quite a few Scotsmen in the area. But there were problems oftransportation. Anyone wishing to go to church would have to start out abouttwo hours before church started in order to arrive at church on time. Sincethe service only lasted for one or two hours, many of the people in thesurrounding area would not go because of the great distance of travel. Thisproblem brought about the building of a church one and one-half miles northwestof the town of Humboldt.
The new location of the church served the needs of thepeople for several years. The town of Humboldt grew more during this time.The people of the church voted and decided to move the church into Humboldtwhere it still stands today. But, because of transportation, the peoplewere still kept from coming to church.
In 1901, the people in the Joe River area selected a plotof ground two miles north of the original site of the last church. Thiswas to be the stationary site of the North Star Church. The location provedto be good because a large number of farmers lived around that area.
The congregation was organized by the Reverend Acheson,the pastor of the church in Pembina. The church was built in the followingyear under his guidance. Pastor Acheson was the first pastor and servedthe church about three months. The church had small kerosene lights hungfrom the walls and ceiling. It had a wood burning stove for heat. The interiorof the church was covered with tin which had fancy designs on it. The floorwas made with fine, three inch fir flooring. The aisles between the rowsof wooden pews had a hand fiber rug on them. Most of the time, the peoplesat around the stove while the pastor preached. A shed about thirty feetsquare was built for the horses when the church was in session.
The church was the center of social life in the communityfor many years. Everyone enjoyed the suppers that the Ladies Aid had. Theybrought the food in large pans, boxes, and dishes which were wrapped inpaper to keep them warm. Then they placed their dishes on board that wereused as tables. After the meals, there were fancy work sales, selling thefancy work done by the Ladies Aid members. The money received was used tohelp pay some of the church expenses. The church never had to borrow moneybecause they were in debt. During hard times, the women would again sponsorsales and give money regularly.
After the resignation of Reverend Acheson, Paster Carmichaelserved the church for six months. He was succeeded by Reverend Cambell in1905. He preached for eight years. At this time, a student from the CanadianPresbyterian Church, Mr. S.M. Kelly, supplied the church. James Diamondwas the Elder of the church then.
William L. Robertson, a student from Canada who was supplyingthe church in Pembina, became the North Star pastor in 1915. Every Sunday,he rode his bicycle fourteen miles to church and back. While he was thepastor, a young people's group was started. They took trips to camps inthe summer which was their highlight for the year. Reverend E. E. Test wasthe pastor when he resigned in 1921. Reverend Test was the church's ministeruntil 1923.
The next year, the North Star Church had a new supply ofpastors nearly every Sunday which was the result of the Orleans and HallockChurch joining together. By then, automobiles were in use and the distancebecame not so much of a problem. There wasn't any use for the horse stableany more so in 1941, it was sold to W.R. Turner for thirty five dollars.The following year. L. A. Anderson started preaching in the North Star Church.He continued being the pastor until June 1947.
In 1947, the church had a problem come up before them.The Presbytery notified the church that they could not supply a full timepastor for the church. The members of the church voted and made a decisionto be withdrawn from the Presbytery. In 1949, it was approved, and the churchbecame independent. Since then, the church has been supplying their ownpastors.
More people were moving into the community all the time.They needed a larger church for their needs. So, in 1950, a basement andentry were built under the supervision of Reverend Swanson. Then electricitywas installed for lights, running water, and a furnace for heating. Oakplywood with mahogany trim replaced the tin covering the walls. More pewswere put in the church. One of the worst floods in the Joe River area stoppedthe remodeling of the church. Some of the people had to come to church inboats because the water was too high to drive a car on the roads. ReverendSwanson resigned at the end of spring and was succeeded by Reverend LoydJohnson who was also the pastor in Hallock. The next year, Albert Unraufrom Winnipeg became pastor of the North Star Church. He was the only pastorto be ordained in the church.
This little church has gone through the depression andthe flood of 1950 and many other difficulties. But today, the church isstill having church every Sunday and will keep on.
Interviewed L.C. Ward
Interviewed L.C. Ward


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This should tell you something about the shifting, treacherous sands we find ourselves in while fighting the longest war in our history: Leaked classified documents reveal to the American public that we've been indirectly financing our own enemy, and government types in the know dismiss it as "old news."
Which is worse…that a website released the information, which is surely damaging to our cause, or that our leaders have learned to accommodate this travesty as part of the cost of doing business with the Pakistanis?
The Bush team thought they were the sharpest guys around. After 9/11, they were going to go in there, shoot 'em up, and show the Rooskies the right way to tame those Afghans. Bring back Osama's head on a plate.
They should have known they were getting this country embroiled in a part of the world where, if the locals didn't actually invent intrigue, they certainly refined it to an art form.
There's a story about a meeting in the Holy Land during the Crusades between Richard the Lionheart and Saladin, the local warlord. It's probably apocryphal, but that doesn't mean it can't teach us something:
Richard, in order to demonstrate his military might to Saladin, draws out his huge, heavy double-handed broadsword and, in one blow, smashes a rock to pieces with it.
Saladin smiles, and pulls out a silk handkerchief. He tosses it in the air and unsheathes his scimitar of fine Damascus steel, holding it out cutting-edge up while the kerchief flutters down across the blade, splitting itself in two.
That's what we're up against over there.


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When Young Tiger made his debut in Tollywood he created a sensation with his superhit films like Aadi, Simhadri etc sending shivers to top stars during that time. However now his speed is totally reduced and many feel that he is out of number race. While his contemporary heroes like Mahesh Babu, Pawan Kalyan and Ram Charan scored Rs 50crs blockbuster hits, Stylish Star Allu Arjun also reached Rs 40 crs mark. Now even Rebel Prabhas is on his way to Rs 40 crs club.
However despite all the stardom and fame, NTR's only film Dammu grossed Rs 33.5 crs. However it left buyers in losses. This left NTR in lot of stress and now with cost of Srinu Vytla directed Badshah already reaching Rs 40crs, fans are hopeful that it will gross Rs 50crs. It has to be seen how much power Badshah shows on silver screen.


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Originally credited to Al Carreno. The eyes with high arched upper lid and some short lines below the outer corners, and sometimes hands with lines between fingers that don't go all the way down, page 2, 4 and 5. All good signs of Anderson. He had many Nyoka, Mr. Scarlet and also Lance O'Casey stories. Compare faces with his credited Red Gaucho in Master Comics #10.
story continues in next issue.
Originally credited to Al Carreno, but it is Ricca. He is credited on this feature by Jerry Bails' Who's Who, and can be spotted by his rounded faces with squinting eyes and a small dent under the middle of the chin. Later he had a bit more open eyes. He drew Jim Dolan in Slam-Bang Comics.


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State of Ohio removes three members of Lucas County Board of Elections
Thu, 05 Jun 2014 17:00:02 GMT —
After a lengthy investigation into "dysfunction" at the Lucas County Board of Elections, the state has decided to remove three officials from the board.
Board members Ron Rothenbuler, Jon Stainbrook, and Tony DeGidio have been removed from the board, effective immediately, according to Ohio Secretary of State Jon Husted.
Transparency committee recommends removal of 5 from Lucas County Board of Elections
Matt Damschroder, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, was appointed by Husted to investigate dysfunction within the board in April. "In Lucas County, the petty infighting, personality conflicts and sloppy administration have gone on long enough," Husted wrote to each official. "I simply cannot jeopardize the integrity of future elections in Lucas County. The citizens and voters deserve better."
Lucas County elections board members fight for their jobs at hearing
With the recommendation of Damschroder, Husted took immediate action this week, removing the three board members and suspended board member John Irish until new board members can be sworn in.
Also on the chopping block is Director Gina Kaczala. Husted said that while Kaczala is not blameless, she will be kept on the board as interim director "for the sake of the immediate administrative and operational needs of the Board of Elections."
Deputy Director Dan DeAngelis turned in his resignation after the state's initial firing recommendations.
Husted said Thursday that he will not replace outgoing members with any person with ties to problems of the past. "The record established over the years is replete with players, new and old that have contributed to the systemic issues that have led us where we are today," said Husted. "The citizens of Lucas County need a fresh start."


text:
Don't miss out on a lower price on this hotel
Get an overview of this hotel4-star hotel with restaurant and outdoor pool
Collecting Nectar Points
Special Offer: Book by 2 August 2017 and collect double Nectar points!
Simply enter your Nectar card number when you check out. Your points will be credited 35 days after you return from your trip.
*Terms and conditions apply.
Popular property highlights
Situated near the beach, this hotel is within 3 mi (5 km) of Tropical Shopping, Sacred Art Museum, and Sao Joao Batista Church. Cristo Rei Palace and Goncalves Dias Square are also within 6 mi (10 km).
Hotel Features
A restaurant, an outdoor pool, and a fitness center are available at this hotel. Free WiFi in public areas and free self parking are also provided. Other amenities include a bar/lounge, a sauna, and spa services.
Room Amenities
All 124 rooms offer free WiFi, balconies, and TVs with cable channels. 24-hour room service, minibars, and free newspapers are among the other amenities available to guests.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!Opens in a new window
Pestana São Luís Hotel
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
In addition to an outdoor pool, Pestana São Luís Hotel provides a sauna and a fitness center. The hotel offers a restaurant. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Wireless Internet access is complimentary.
A business center is on site at this 4-star property. This business-friendly hotel also offers spa services, a garden, and complimentary newspapers in the lobby. Onsite self parking is complimentary.
- 24-hour front desk
- Total number of rooms - 124
- Number of floors - 4
- Bar/lounge
- Business center
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Conference space
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Elevator/lift
- Express check-out
- Fitness facilities
- Free WiFi
- Garden
- Restaurant
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Free self parking
- Tennis on site
- Sauna
- Spa services on site
- Outdoor pool
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Outdoor pool
- Free Wi-Fi
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Free self parking
Room Amenities
- Balcony
- Air conditioning
- Free newspaper
- Phone
- Minibar
- Daily housekeeping
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- In-room safe
- Television
- Cable TV service
- Free WiFi
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Room service (24 hours)
- Desk
Where to Eat
Cais da Ribeira - This restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
24-hour room service is available.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include an outdoor pool, a sauna, and a fitness center.
Spa Services
- Massages
If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please note them at check-out when you book your room.
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at 10 PM
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! One child 12 years old or younger stays free when using existing bedding.
- Rollaway/extra beds are not available.
- Cribs (infant beds) are not available.
- Pets not allowed (service animals welcome)
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
- Minimum Spring Break check-in age is 18 years old.
- The name on the credit card used at check-in to pay for incidentals must be the primary name on the guestroom reservation.
- Tourism fee: BRL 2 per accommodation, per night
- 10.5 percent destination fee will be charged
Hotel Name
- Pestana Hotel Sao Luis
- Pestana São Luís Hotel Sao Luis
- Sao Luis Pestana
- Pestana Sao Luis Hotel Maranhao, Brazil
- Pestana Sao Luis Hotel
- Pestana Sao Luis Hotel Maranhao Brazil
- Pestana São Luís Sao Luis
- Pestana São Luís
- Pestana Sao Luis
We should mention
Parents or a legal guardian traveling with children under 18 years must present the child's birth certificate and an identity card with photo (passport, for example) at the check-in. For international travels from Brazil, if just one of the parents is traveling with the child, she/he must present – in addition to the child's certificate of birth and identity card with photo – a letter authorizing the trip signed by the other parent with a notarial certification of signature. In case the parents or the legal guardian, as applicable, cannot or are unwilling to give this authorization, a judicial authorization is required. People who intend to travel to Brazil with children must consult with the Brazilian consulate before traveling for more information. Reservations are required for spa treatments. Reservations can be made by contacting the hotel prior to arrival, using the contact information on the booking confirmation. One child 12 years old or younger stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


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Joe White says Great & Little Tew can go far in the competition after leading them to victory over Cumnor in the Oxfordshire final on Sunday.
White's 69 not out sped Tew to a nine-wicket success on home turf and set up a trip to Dorset/Wiltshire champions Parley in the first national round on June 22.
"If we can keep this team together, we could do well," said White. "It would be good for us to have a little run and see how far we can get. It's very encouraging.
"Two years ago, we got through to the national rounds, but were bowled out for 90.
"We have got two more years of experience now and want to perform better."
All-rounder White was quick to praise Tew's performance.
"It was good to bat through and be hitting the ball well," he said.
"We started well with the bowlers, who put the pressure on.
"It is good to find some good form early in the season, especially when the team backs you up. We are going well, especially for such a young team."
White added: "The aim was to bat for the first ten overs, not to give away any early wickets, and accelerate after that. It worked a treat.
"It would have been nice to win it with none down, but it was still a good effort."


text:
Post-Hospitalization Nursing Effectiveness (PHONE) Study
This study has been completed.
Wake Forest University
Information provided by:
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: April 11, 2006
Last updated: NA
Last verified: April 2006
History: No changes posted
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Based on success with telephone follow up for other groups of medically fragile infants, we designed an innovative model of post-hospital comprehensive and coordinated follow-up for infants with chronic lung disease. In this model, which we refer to as community-based follow-up, medical management was coordinated by a nurse specialist, through frequent telephone contacts with the infants' primary caregiver. This model of follow up care was compared, in a randomized trial, with the more traditional model - multidisciplinary medical center-based care. We hypothesized that community-based care would lead to health and developmental outcomes similar to those observed with center-based care.
|Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Prematurity
|Procedure: Care coordination by telephone contacts with a nurse
|Phase 3
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:
|Randomized Comparison of Two Models of Post-NICU Care for Preterm Infants With Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease
Resource links provided by NLM:
U.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by Wake Forest University Health Sciences:
Primary Outcome Measures:
- Bayley Scales of Infant Development-Second Edition
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- Growth through one year of age
- Rehospitalizations in the first year of life
- Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scales
|Estimated Enrollment:
|Study Start Date:
|May 1996
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|August 2000
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|up to 483 Days (Child)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Infants were eligible if they were born before 33 weeks gestational age, required supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks gestational age, and were discharged home after neonatal intensive care.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Neonates who had major congenital anomalies and/ or had tracheostomy tubes were excluded. Also excluded were families in which the mother did not speak English, because the intervention depended on verbal communication with the nurse specialist, and families who lived more than 150 miles from our clinic because such families typically are referred to regional neonatal center closer to their home.
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00314431
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00314431
|United States, North Carolina
|Wake Forest University School of Medicine
|Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27157
Sponsors and Collaborators
Wake Forest University
|Principal Investigator:
|Thomas M O'Shea, MD, MPH
|Wake Forest University Health Sciences
More Information
Keywords provided by Wake Forest University Health Sciences:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00314431 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
R01HS007928 ( U.S. AHRQ Grant/Contract )
|Study First Received:
|April 11, 2006
|Last Updated:
|April 11, 2006
Keywords provided by Wake Forest University Health Sciences:
neonatal chronic lung disease
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
telephone follow up
care coordination
children with special health care needs
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Premature Birth
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Obstetric Labor, Premature
Obstetric Labor Complications
Pregnancy Complications
Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Lung Injury
Lung Diseases
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Infant, Premature, Diseases
Infant, Newborn, Diseases
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017


text:
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CNers have asked about a donation box for Cloudy Nights over the years, so here you go. Donation is not required by any means, so please enjoy your stay.
Meade's 102mm Achromat on LXD500 Mount. A refractor for the budget-minded and a great telescope for the urban astronomer
In today's age of computer controlled, micro-precision mounts, and expensive refractors with optics constructed from exotic elements to eliminate false color; the traditional achromatic doublet refractor has lost considerable popularity among amateur astronomers. In truth, why would an amateur even consider an achromatic telescope? With false color usually a major problem, is it not better to either purchase a good reflector, cassegrain, or save those pennies for a high-end apo? There are two reasons that the age-old achromatic refractor is still a telescope to consider: sharp, contrasty views, and price.
Meade's 4-inch achromat on the LXD500 mount. Piggybacked as a "finderscope" is an Orion 80mm Shortube, despite this additional weight, the LXD500 mount still provides adequate stability. Despite false color, the achromat provides the sharp, contrasty views for which refractors are renowned.
I first came across the Meade 102mm Achromat when I sold my computerized cassegrain in December of 2000. The achromat was proudly shining in the showroom of my local telescope dealer, and I simply could not resist its fabulous appearance. The model I obtained was a used version, and included the Meade 1702 Electronic Drive System (reviewed below). Of note, this telescope is the 1998 version and as such had the $995.00 price tag. I have yet to read any information that notes whether Meade cut more than the prices with the newer versions of this scope.
Overview and Initial Impressions
The telescope physically looks great with its stark white, seamless optical tube and battleship gray mount. The majority of the instrument is constructed out of quality aluminum, save for a few various knobs, which are plastic. Overall, however, none of the parts seem structurally weak and the entire unit has a degree of sturdiness in a lightweight package appeal. The total weight of the telescope is 47 pounds, but seems much lighter. This weight is even less a factor thanks to the ease at which the unit can be disassembled for field use and transport, with the heaviest component being the equatorial head at only 19 pounds (the tripod can be easily left attached to the head, in which case the mount's weight is around 25 pounds). With such lack of bulk and compactness of the telescope, I thought the instrument would make an ideal scope for the city amateur astronomer, as moving the unit up stairs or maneuvering it to avoid glaring lights would be easily done. The telescope can also be traveled with to some degree. With ingenuity, the entire optical tube, equatorial head, and tripod could be accommodated in a single large suitcase (definitely not a carry-on, however).
The Optics & Optical Tube
The telescope is as advertised: an achromat. Perhaps because of this fact, I initially held low expectations of its optical performance, yet I had been very pleased with other achromats I owned in the past. Needless to say, I was pleasantly surprised.
Reflecting a very bright flashlight off of the optics reveals the green-violet hues characteristic of multicoated lenses. Despite the fact that bright reflections off of an objective designate insufficient optical coating, the refractor provided high-contrast, sharp views even in areas abound with heavy light pollution and glare.
The optics with my sample of the Meade 102 are fairly well coated. While there is some reflection of bright light (such as a flashlight), the reflection is less apparent than it is in my 80mm Shortube. The objective lens cell features three allen-head screws allowing for collimation of the optics, but I found that no adjustments necessary. Looking down the optical tube reveals a good coating of flat-black paint and three well-placed baffles, while using a flashlight shows no noticeable internal reflections. Under a star test, the Meade 102 Achromat demonstrates a clean airy disk with fairly sharp edges. The disk remains nearly identical in appearance and position on both sides of focus. With low and mid power eyepieces, the chromatic aberration experienced when viewing through the scope is rather mild. Only on stars or objects brighter than about 2nd magnitude is the spurious, violet halo noticeable. Yet with high power, the chromatic aberration becomes quite distracting, even with relatively dim stars.
The sharpness and contrast, though, are the definite strong points of the instrument. Stars appear as beautiful little pinpoints at low and medium powers, and the focus simply snaps into place unlike the constant fickle I experienced with all three of my cassegrains. The background sky is a rich dark color in the telescope, even when peering into the yellow-white haze of my southern skies using fairly low powers. For comparison, my Orion 80mm Shortube seems to have less chromatic aberration, but perhaps that is because the Shortube is a much faster instrument (f5 compared to the Meade 102mm Achromat's f9) and thus is less apt to be used for high power viewing.
The LXD500 Mount & Tripod
The optics make up only one-half of the telescope, and without a good mount, even the best optics in the world will be practically useless. Fortunately, the LXD500 mount accompanying this telescope is quite good and is suited for visual observing. The latitude adjustment on the LXD500 accommodates a range from 15 to 70 degrees, making it acceptable for use nearly anywhere in the world. Firm, rubber-edged aluminum knobs provide a series of fine adjustments for polar alignment of the mount, to include micro-adjustments in both vertical and horizontal, as well as a micro-adjustment for the latitude position. After many times setting up the scope, I have found all of these micro-adjustments work very well, although the fine-latitude adjustment can be a little tight. Knurled washers are also featured on all of these adjustments, so that the mount can be locked in place once good polar alignment is achieved. Lock levers are featured on both axes. Once the telescope is balanced, however, the mount provides smooth motions and keeps the telescope pointed at its targets no matter what position. The only time I have had to use the lock levers is when using a large, Nagler-type eyepiece, for the additional weight would otherwise require rebalancing the scope. Two 7-pound counterweights are included with the unit, but only one of these is necessary unless you will be adding equipment additional to the finderscope and optical tube. I am pleased to say that the mount easily accepts the additional 5-pound weight of my Orion Shortube, and performs very well. With the tripod fully extended, the setup becomes a little shaky. If you use an observing chair or stool, however, the tripod will need to be extended only partially, thus providing a fairly stable support. On one evening I was going over some features of the moon at higher powers. Despite winds of 15 miles-per-hour and higher gusts, the mount kept the image very still with only some jitters during wind gusts.
The LXD500 mount is not without its share of problems, however. With my somewhat rough handling of the mount in transporting it inside and outdoors, the latitude position does tend to work slightly out of adjustment, but this is easily amended with each observing session. Bigger problems rest with some of the knobs. Both lock levers can be rather easily unscrewed from the mount if turned too far in the unlock position, and many times have I turned them the wrong way intending to lock the scope in place when the little lever fell out. My biggest complaint with the mount is the axis slow motion controls. Their simple plastic design simply does not work too well and provides only marginally acceptable control for using the telescope with high power. Worse still, the ridged knobs tend to get in the way of the mount, rendering observation in certain conditions (such as southeast) impossible. Fortunately, as with the other problems, the solution to this difficulty is very simple: remove the slow motion controls. They are attached with a single thumbscrew and if the mount is well balanced at the start of an observing session, good control can be had manually. A problem that cannot be corrected is the fact that the LXD500 mount is a light-duty system, and because of the mount's absence of good slow-motion controls and lightweight nature the centering and observing of targets at high powers could be somewhat frustrating.
Of note, the Meade instruction booklet states that there are (or were) two versions of the LXD500 mount: one having bronze gears and one having aluminum gears. My version of the LXD500 mount has the bronze gears, and I would highly recommend that anyone considering an instrument that includes this mount be sure that their LXD500 is one with the bronze gears.
Provided Accessories
The Meade 102 Achromat comes with several accessories to include: a 6x30mm finderscope, 25mm plossl eyepiece, and a 90-degree diagonal prism. The 6x30mm finderscope is fairly good, although was originally badly out of focus. By rotating the objective cell of the finderscope, I was able to achieve good focus, but stars still appear very mushy towards the edges. For general centering of brighter stars and planets, the provided finderscope works adequately, but I'd suggest replacing it for serious observing. For this reason, I put the finder into storage and adopted my 80mm Shortube and its 6x30mm finderscope for centering objects in the telescope. The 25mm plossl eyepiece is an excellent accessory, provides pleasingly wide fields and is very sharp. The provided 90 degree prism diagonal is another story altogether and is by far the worst aspect of the entire telescope. I would definitely not trust the cheap plastic design of this diagonal for supporting any large eyepiece. Additionally, the locking screw of the provided diagonal works its way loose, making it easy to mistakenly have an eyepiece fall out when moving the scope around its polar axis. I was sure to loose this accessory at first opportunity and use a high quality Lumicon 90 degree mirror diagonal instead. My telescope salesman was very generous in giving me $25.00 for the cheap Meade prism diagonal.
1702 Dual Axis Electronic Drive System
According to Meade literature, with the incorporation of the 1702 drive system, the LXD500 mount becomes suitable for astrophotography or CCD imaging. While I can see that this electronic drive may have been intended for such use due to its serial port for an autoguider, the fact is that neither the drive system nor the motors are up to such delicate tasks. The motor drives tend to slip in griping the simple bar that extends from within the mount, providing for somewhat random operation (this is not a gear problem, but the inadequacy of the motors provided with the 1702 drive system). The 1702 drive system can be used for high power observing, but is not even remotely capable of turning the LXD500 mount into an astrophotography or CCD imaging rig. I really cannot recommend spending $195.00 on such a drive system.
Observing with the 102mm Achromat & Conclusions
The real test of any telescope is its use and performance for observing. I have used this scope for five months
now and have been fully satisfied. From my typical suburban backyard, the telescope shows M81/82 as two fabulous
galaxies in one eyepiece field. M82 appears as a slightly mottled, elongated glow, while under careful scrutiny
I am almost certain that M81 seems to show a hint of its spiral arms. M98 shows up clearly, but is easier with
the help of a narrowband light pollution reduction filter, and M104 easily reveals its famed dark lane. The telescope
has some serious capability as a deep sky instrument. I have used it to log a number of NGC galaxies including:
NGC 3077, 3953, 4088, 4100, 4102, 4754, and 4762. Most of these show some character with careful scrutiny. On the
planets, the scope is somewhat lacking. Due to the chromatic aberration, higher powers render planetary details
invisible, to include obscuring Saturn's rings. Still, using Wratten filters, the spurious color can be suppressed
enough so as to make the telescope acceptable for enjoyable glances at the planets.
The Meade 102mm Achromatic Refractor and LXD500 mount combination make for a great telescope for visual use at low and medium powers. While some reviews of Meade refractors have noted problems with the optics and lens cells, I have noticed no problems in these areas with this scope. The unit does demonstrate some chromatic aberration that is severe enough to warrant limited use for the observation of bright targets and planets, but on deep space, the telescope truly excels. I have to remark that this is perhaps the ideal deep-sky telescope for amateurs bogged down by light pollution, for the enhanced contrast the instrument offers compared to other designs allows the telescope to punch through washed-out areas of the sky. Indeed, a high quality apochromat will be able to do the same and perform better on the planets, but the cost difference is significant ($695.00 for the Meade 102mm Achromat on an LXD500 compared with an average cost of $2000 for a 4" apochromat, optical tube assembly alone). A good example of how well telescope performs is the fact that in four years of amateur astronomy, I have owned eight telescopes. This Meade 102mm Achromat is only the second one I have been satisfied enough with to keep.
Meade 102mm Achromat Recommended Accessories
(prices approximate)
- Better finderscope ($35.00 - $65.00) for 6x30mm, recommended brands: Orion, Antares
- Quality Mirror Star Diagonal ($50.00 - $100.00) recommended brands: Lumicon, Televue, Orion
- Meade #812 Polar Alignment Scope ($50.00)
Meade 102mm Achromat Quick Review
|Positive Aspects
|Problem Aspects
|Sharp Optics
|Provided mount is for light-duty use
|Good Contrast
|Poor Performance on planets
|Great physical appearance
|Provided mirror diagonal is almost junk
|Light weight and portable
|Small aperture could fast lead to aperture fever
|Relatively low cost
Update (07-28-01)
Although cloudy skies combined with a bad mosquito situation have combined so as to really limit my observing, the Meade 102 Achromat continues to be my primary telescope. As a testament to how satisfying this achromat really is, I decided not to purchase an apochromat, instead considering perhaps a Celestron 9.25" or an Orion 10" Dobsonian (yes, "aperture fever" never does quite go away).
Several readers told me that the problem with the stability of the scope rests not with the equatorial head, but much more with the tripod. I can very much agree, although the equatorial head on my version still does have some play. A good way to improve stability, as many readers informed me, is to replace the thin aluminum tripod legs with sturdy wooden ones. I will be making this change in the near future. I have noticed that Universal Astronomics offers wooden surveyor's tripods that appear very well built and are listed as being available for telescope or binocular mounts. I suspect that the wooden legs of their tripods would be easy to fit onto the LXD500 mount. I would be most interested in receiving word from readers who have changed out the aluminum legs in order to determine what company makes wooden legs that are easily attached to the LXD500.
Another easy mount fix that readers brought to my attention is the changing of the annoying slow motion controls to cable type. If someone can refer me as to who they purchased a cable type slow motion control that is compatible with the LXD500 mount, I will include that information here on a later update.
I have also received word from a small number of readers who note that their 102 Achromat optical tube assembly came with something loose inside the lens cell. From other reviews of this telescope, this appears to be an occasional problem. Fortunately, in all cases, it is reported that Meade has been fair in fixing the problem, although the wait might be a little longer than most would desire.
Finally, I was thinking that it might be easy to add a few thin slices of Teflon in the focus assembly so that the focuser can be improved. I urge those of you who have skills in tinkering with telescopes (unlike myself), to try this improvement; and be sure to let me know if you can make such an improvement.
I continue to enjoy using my Meade 102 Achromat, and can continue to recommend it to other amateur astronomers who seek a very portable telescope that can offer the crisp views for which refractors are known for. At the bargain prices some people have reported, this telescope is, in my book, one of the best values on the amateur astronomy market today.
Side note: I received word of a rumor that Meade was discontinuing the manufacture of the Meade 102 Achromat. After some investigation by my part, I could find little evidence of this other than a single major dealer no longer carrying this telescope in stock.
- Special thanks to those readers who contacted me with tips, suggestions, and comments.
This photograph of the sun was the result of a whimisical experiment with the Meade 102 Achromat equipped with
an Orion Solar Filter. A Canon "Sureshot" 35mm automatic camera was hand held to a 28mm Orthoscopic eyepiece
to take the photo. This is an unenhanced image that was recorded on standard 100 speed Kodak 35mm film.
Jay Michaels is an avid amateur astronomer who enjoys plumbing the skies for deep sky treasures. During the day and when stormy skies render observing impossible, Jay will be manning his full featured meteorological station, WXPSJ1 or training his German Shepherd. Jay also enjoys cheering on every space shuttle launch, as his location only seven miles from the Kennedy Space Center allows for wonderful launch views from his driveway.


text:
Problem: Multiple streetlights are out in the 700 block of West Spring Valley Road in Richardson.
Status: The lights have been repaired.
Who's responsible: Oncor
Deep pothole is filled in Love Field area
Problem: There is a deep pothole in the right lane of northbound Inwood Road north of Mockingbird Lane in the Love Field area of Dallas.
Status: The pothole has been filled.
Who's responsible: Dallas Department of Street Services
Agency investigates Ferndale Road crater
Problem: A pothole is getting larger on northbound Ferndale Road near Lake Highlands Junior High School in Dallas.
Status: The issue is being investigated.
Who's responsible: Dallas Department of Street Services
Report non-emergency problems such as potholes, graffiti, broken street lights or vandalized playgrounds for Eye About Town to Holly Warren at 214-977-5627 or firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Need Appliance Repair Help? Ask a Technician for Answers ASAP
Thank you for using Just Answer.
I would not recommend using an electric smooth top range for canning. This is because of the long heating and (often) great deal of spilling that can occur onto the top.
Sugar is very bad when left untreated (cleaned and polished) and allowed to continue to burn into the glass smooth top. It will permanently mark the top.
A gas range would be a much better machine to use for cannning.


text:
The X Factor Season 2 Live Tapings with Simon Cowell
See Britney Spears, Demi Lovato and Simon Cowell at The X Factor LIVE May 24-25!
Tickets are FREE to be in the live audience!
The hit TV show will be here for TWO DAYS ONLY and you can be the first to see the new season... and the new judges! For more information and to print free tickets, please visit TheXFactorTickets.com.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 19, 2008
|Filing date
|Oct 30, 2003
|Priority date
|Oct 30, 2003
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Hugh S. Njemanze
|Original Assignee
|Arcsight, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (45), Non-Patent Citations (41), Referenced by (54), Classifications (7), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to expressions, and, in particular, to displaying and editing these expressions.
Various expressions, such as Boolean and arithmetic expressions, are used in computer technology. Many search engines, for example, use Boolean expressions as search terms. More lengthy and complex rules, for example those used by network security systems, are also commonly represented and created using Boolean and other expressions.
Visual tree representations are also common in computer technology. For example, directory trees are used as graphical user interfaces to display the organizational hierarchy of a directory. Expressions can also be displayed according to such a tree structure. Such a tree structure is sometimes referred to as an expression tree. Expression trees display expressions in prefix notation. Because of their inherent prefix nature, expression trees can be difficult for a human to read and edit.
A prefix expression tree showing an expression can be supplemented to also display the expression in infix notation. In one embodiment, the present invention includes displaying an expression being capable of representation in infix and prefix notation in prefix expression tree format. In one embodiment, the expression includes a plurality of operators and operands, and the plurality of operands make up the leaves of the expression tree. In one embodiment, the present invention further includes inserting a plurality of infix operators corresponding with the plurality of operators into the prefix expression tree, wherein, the plurality of operands and infix operators represent the expression in infix notation.
The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:
Described herein is an expression editor that can represent an expression in prefix tree notation and infix notation simultaneously.
Although the present system will be discussed with reference to various illustrated examples, these examples should not be read to limit the broader spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the examples presented herein describe distributed agents, managers and various network devices, which are but one embodiment of the present invention. The general concepts and reach of the present invention are much broader and may extend to any computer-based or network-based security system.
Some portions of the detailed description that follows are presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are the means used by those skilled in the computer science arts to most effectively convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. An algorithm is here, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of steps leading to a desired result. The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared and otherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers or the like. It should be borne in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise, it will be appreciated that throughout the description of the present invention, use of terms such as "processing", "computing", "calculating", "determining", "displaying" or the like, refer to the action and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
As indicated above, one embodiment of the present invention is instantiated in computer software, that is, computer readable instructions, which, when executed by one or more computer processors/systems, instruct the processors/systems to perform the designated actions. Such computer software may be resident in one or more computer readable media, such as hard drives, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, read-only memory, read-write memory and so on. Such software may be distributed on one or more of these media, or may be made available for download across one or more computer networks (e.g., the Internet). Regardless of the format, the computer programming, rendering and processing techniques discussed herein are simply examples of the types of programming, rendering and processing techniques that may be used to implement aspects of the present invention. These examples should in no way limit the present invention, which is best understood with reference to the claims that follow this description.
Boolean Expressions and Boolean Expression Trees
A Boolean expression is a statement using Boolean operators that expresses a condition that is either true or false. Some well known Boolean operators are AND, OR, and NOT. A Boolean expression thus contains operands and Boolean operators. Operands are conditions that are either true or false. For example, if the operand a is TRUE and the operand b is FALSE, then the expression (a AND b) is FALSE, since a and b are not both TRUE.
Boolean expressions are well known to persons skilled in the art. Many laypeople also encounter Boolean expressions while using Internet search engines such as Google™ and LEXIS/NEXIS™. For example the Boolean search expression (ricky AND martin AND NOT rowan) finds documents presumably related to singer Ricky Martin and unrelated to Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In.
The sample Boolean expressions above are all given in infix notation. In infix notation, the operator appears between the operands. For example, in the expression ((a AND b) OR c), the operator AND is between operands a and b, and operator OR is between operands (a AND b) and c. The parentheses indicate the order of the operations. Humans find it easy to read infix notation, which is why most mathematical expressions are expressed using such notation, e.g., 1+2.
However, machines generally use prefix notation. In prefix notation, the operator comes first, followed by the operands, e.g. +,1,2. The above expression ((a AND b) OR c) in prefix notation would be OR AND a b c. One advantage of prefix notation is that the order of operations is implicit, and parentheses are not required. In postfix notation, sometimes referred to as reverse polish notation, the operands come before the operator.
There are other expressions besides Boolean expressions that contain operators and operands, which similarly have both infix and prefix notational representations. Arithmetic expressions, for example, are not Boolean expression. They do, however, have both infix and prefix notational representations, as shown above with reference to the arithmetic expression (1+2). The present invention encompasses all expressions, both Boolean and not, that can be represented in both a prefix and an infix notation. However, for simplicity and ease of understanding, most examples described herein use Boolean expressions. Applying the principles demonstrated by these examples to non-Boolean expressions that are capable of both infix and prefix representation would be obvious to one skilled in the art.
Most people encounter tree representations in everyday computing in the form of a directory tree.
Boolean expressions can be represented in prefix notation using a similar tree structure. For example,
Partly due to its prefix nature, such Boolean expression trees can be difficult for humans to read. Even such a simple expression as the one shown in
Hybrid Infix/Prefix Boolean Expression Tree
In one embodiment, the prefix Boolean expression tree is augmented with some infix notation to make it more readable. One embodiment of how this can be done is demonstrated with reference to
In one embodiment, infix operators 300 are added to the operand side of the tree, that is, on the right of the invisible line described above and shown in
In one embodiment, the method for inserting the infix operators 300 is to copy the applicable operator 202 and insert it between the operands 204 it operates on. In
Example Rules Editor
One embodiment of the present invention is now demonstrated in the context of a computer security system. A computer security system can analyze events and alarms from various network security products. Network security products largely include Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs), which can be Network or Host based (NIDS and HIDS respectively). Other network security products include firewalls, router logs, and various other event reporting devices. An example network security system is now described with reference to
Agents 412A 412B, 412C are software programs that provide efficient, real-time (or near real-time) local event data capture and filtering from a variety of network security devices and/or applications. The primary sources of security events are common network elements including firewalls, intrusion detection systems and operating system logs. Agents 412A, 412B, 412C can collect events from any source that produces event logs or messages and can operate at the native device, at consolidation points within the network, and/or through simple network management protocol (SNMP) traps.
Managers 414 are server-based components that further consolidate; filter and cross-correlate events received from the agents, employing a rules engine 418 and a centralized event database 420. One role of manager 414 is to capture and store all of the real-time and historic event data to construct (via database manager 422) a complete, enterprise-wide picture of security activity. The manager 414 also provides centralized administration, notification (through one or more notifiers 424), and reporting, as well as a knowledge base 428 and case management workflow. The manager 414 may be deployed on any computer hardware platform and one embodiment utilizes a relational database management system such as an Oracle™ database to implement the event data store component. Communications between manager 414 and agents 412A, 412B, 412C may be bi-directional (e.g., to allow manager 414 to transmit commands to the platforms hosting agents 412A, 412B, 412C) and encrypted.
Consoles 416 are computer- (e.g., workstation-) based applications that allow security professionals to perform day-to-day administrative and operation tasks such as event monitoring, rules authoring, incident investigation and reporting. Access control lists allow multiple security professionals to use the same system and event database, with each having their own views, correlation rules, alerts, reports and knowledge base appropriate to their responsibilities. A single manager 414 can support multiple consoles 416.
In some embodiments, a browser-based version of the console 416 may be used to provide access to security events, knowledge base articles, reports, notifications and cases. That is, the manager 414 may include a web server component accessible via a web browser hosted on a personal or handheld computer (which takes the place of console 416) to provide some or all of the functionality of a console 416. Browser access is particularly useful for security professionals that are away from the consoles 416 and for part-time users. Communication between consoles 416 and manager 414 is bi-directional and may be encrypted.
As mentioned above, the console interface 416 can be used to author rules for the rules engine 418 or the manager 414. In one embodiment, these rules take the form of Boolean expressions. For example a rule representing a successful brute force attack can be ((ten unsuccessful logon attempts) AND (successful logon from same IP address)).
The consoles 416 can similarly be used to author and edit other Boolean expressions, such as rules that control filters. In one embodiment, the rule viewer/editor that creates the user interface to view and edit the rules on the consoles 416 uses a hybrid prefix/infix Boolean expression tree of the variety described with reference to
The rule displayed in
In infix notation State is: ((Event ID=Router-Interface Changed State AND Event Type=Correlated AND ArcSight Category=Correlated) OR (Event Name=Router-Line State Changed AND Event Type=Correlated AND ArcSight Category=Correlated)).
The operands 508 are aligned to the left on the right side of the invisible line 510 discussed above. An operand, such as Event Type=correlated, is TRUE or FALSE depending on whether the stated condition is true or false. Such a graphical representation can be very useful and convenient. However, it is difficult to read the rule out loud without first writing it in infix notation. More complicated and lengthy rules become almost impossible to decipher by a human looking at the prefix Boolean expression tree.
However, to the right of the invisible line 520 is now the infix/prefix hybrid side 604 of the Boolean expression tree. On this side, the operands 508 are still part of the Boolean expression tree. The operands are still on their appropriate vertical lines, such that they remain connected to the prefix Boolean expression tree. However, infix operators 606 have been inserted, so that when read from left-to-right and top-to-bottom (in the manner readers of English and many other languages commonly read), the expression reads as an infix notation expression. In this embodiment, the infix operators 606 are inserted textually in English/language representation as opposed to symbolically in graphical notation; for example AND instead of &, but in other embodiments graphical equivalents or other languages can be used.
In one embodiment, the method for inserting the infix operators 606 can be established according to the following rules. Each operator on the prefix tree side 602 has an open parenthesis on the same line on the infix/prefix hybrid side 604. Furthermore, excluding the first operand of each operator, every operand has the operator inserted as an infix operator 606 in front of the operand. For example, Event Type=Correlated is the third operand of the first &. Thus, the infix operator AND is inserted in front of it on the infix/prefix hybrid side 604. Similarly, (Event Name=Router-Line State Changed AND Event Type=Correlated AND ArcSight Category=Correlated) is the second operand of the ∥ operator, thus, the infix operator OR is inserted in front of it. Close parentheses are inserted at the end of each operand list to coincide with the open parentheses.
It can be seen with reference to
Thus, a prefix/infix hybrid expression tree, and a rule inspector/editor that uses such a structure have been described. In the foregoing description various specific modules, such as the "Consoles," have been described. However, these names are merely to describe and illustrate various aspects of the present invention, and in no way limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to use as a rule editor in a network security system, but can be used to view and edit any expression that has both an infix and a prefix representation.
The present invention is not limited to displaying and editing Boolean expressions. In the foregoing description, the various examples and embodiments were meant to be illustrative of the present invention and not restrictive in terms of their scope. Accordingly, the invention should be measured only in terms of the claims, which follow.
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|Oct 30, 2003
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text:
Iron Maiden Join Fight Against Ticket Scalpers
Iron Maiden are among the 80 entertainers who've signed an open letter asking the U.K. to crack down on ticket scalpers, just months after the Foo Fighters began their own efforts at thwarting secondary sellers.
This latest call for reform, published in the Independent yesterday, specifically criticizes "unscrupulous" price markups, adding that the government should move to protect fans.
"We are committed to ensuring that event-goers have the best experience possible at a fair price," they wrote in the open letter. "The way that the secondary ticketing market is allowed to operate at present can seriously undermine that effort. It's high time the government stopped sticking up for secondary platforms and decided to put fans first."
The Foo Fighters brought fresh scrutiny to ticket scalpers late last year when they announced a plan to sell in-person tickets, rather than online. Iron Maiden joined Radiohead, Bullet for My Valentine and various sports organizations, including associations promoting tennis and rugby, in signing the letter. They argue for a variety of new regulations — including a ban on purchasing large numbers of tickets online, a practice that typically results in resale at inflated prices.
"At the end of the day, we care about the fans," Iron Maiden manager Rod Smallwood told the BBC. "We care about the future of this business, and we try not to overload them."
Government ministers in the U.K. were expected to vote today, as discussions continue on a so-called consumer rights bill.
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Edward And Jacobs First Fishy Birthday
These not so little cakes were made for my friends twin boys. The theme of the party was fish and the two fish i hand painted for the cake were based on the invitation. This was a first attempt at hand painting gum paste. The cakes were banana cake and carrot cake both with cream cheese filling.
Lessons learnt. Do not decorate cakes on 41 degree days - Slip slidey. Check the route to the venue does not have a series of 45degree hills all the way there :(