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A 64-year-old white male was referred for evaluation of prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) obtained before elective surgery with initial PT and PTT results of 14.9 and 38.4 seconds, respectively, which corrected to normal in 1:1 mixes with normal plasma. Functional prothrombin assay indicated a level of 51% with thromboplastin as an activator. The prothrombin antigen was 102%. This discordance in the functional and immunologic prothrombin levels was evidence for dysprothrombinemia. Western blotting showed that thrombin was formed at a normal rate in diluted plasma consistent with a mutation within the thrombin portion of prothrombin. DNA was isolated from leukocytes and the thrombin exons were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, cloned, and sequenced. For exon 13, eight clones were sequenced with four clones showing a point mutation in the codon for Arg517, which would result in substitution by Gln. Arg517 is part of the Arg-Gly-Asp(RGD) sequence in thrombin and contributes to an ion cluster with aspartic acid residues 552 and 554. Mutation at this residue most probably distorts the structure of the Na+ binding site in thrombin. This is the first report indicating the critical role of Arg517 in the normal physiological interaction of thrombin with fibrinogen. This dysprothrombin is designated Prothrombin Greenville.
PROTHROMBIN, M.W. 72,000, is the plasma glycoprotein zymogen form of the enzyme thrombin, a critical enzyme in the regulation of hemostasis with both procoagulant and anticoagulant activities. In addition, thrombin also stimulates cellular activation through a cell surface thrombin receptor. The gene for prothrombin is located on an autosomal chromosome at 11p11-q121 and severe (homozygous) deficiencies with phenotypic manifestations are encountered only rarely. In cases of heterozygosity, functional deficiencies in prothrombin of 50% or less do not result in physiological manifestations and they are not usually detected by the routine screening tests for coagulation factor deficiency, the prothrombin time (PT), or the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Thus, although mutations resulting in dysprothrombinemia and hypoprothrombinemia may occur with a frequency approximating that of hemophilia,2 these mutations are not readily identified. Because of its functional importance, mutations in prothrombin that result in alterations of thrombin function are of particular interest. Congenitally mutant thrombins have been identified previously in eight pedigrees with the primary structure defect identified for six distinct mutations.3-11 All of these mutants have been identified because of decreased fibrinogen clotting activity, the thrombin function that is monitored in clinical coagulation tests.
Site-specific mutants of proteins are of great value in increasing our understanding of structure-function relationships. Because of the several interactions of thrombin with other proteins, there are numerous surface residues that may be implicated in these interactions, the mutation of which may result in decreased function. Both the congenital and other site-specific mutants of thrombin together with knowledge of the thrombin crystal structure12 have contributed to our understanding of critical features required for normal thrombin function. Some features of thrombin that are known to regulate its activity include the catalytic triad residues, primary substrate binding site, anion binding exosite I (which interacts with fibrinogen and the thrombin receptor/substrate), anion binding exosite II, the heparin binding site, the thrombomodulin binding site, and the more recently identified Na+ binding site.13 14
The studies described here were undertaken to determine an explanation for the observed low functional prothrombin level in a patient who was evaluated for abnormal prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times before elective surgery. DNA sequencing showed that the patient was heterozygous for dysprothrombinemia and normal prothrombin with identification of a G→A transition in exon 13 that predicts a substitution of Gln for Arg517(187) (Residues of thrombin are numbered according to the prothrombin sequence15 with the chymotrypsinogen numbering12 in parentheses). As reported previously,16 this residue forms part of an ionic cluster in thrombin that is adjacent to the Na+ ion ligands.13
Fibrinogen from KabiVitrum was purchased from Helena Laboratories (Beaumont, TX). Phospholipid was obtained as rabbit brain cephalin from Sigma Chemical Co (St Louis, MO) and a stock solution was prepared according to the manufacturer's directions. Taipan venom fromOxyuranus scutellatus was obtained from Miami Serpentarium Laboratories (Punta Gorda, FL), and Echis carinatus venom was obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. Dade factor assay reference plasma for preparation of prothrombin standard curves was obtained from Scientific Products (McGaw Park, IL). The chromogenic substrate, tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA (Chromozym TH) was obtained from Boehringer Mannheim Biochemicals (Indianapolis, IN). Oligonucleotides were prepared by the DNA core laboratory, East Carolina University (Greenville, NC). The restriction enzyme Mnl I was obtained from Amersham Life Science (Arlington Heights, IL). Other chemicals were obtained from domestic suppliers.
Blood specimens for plasma and DNA.
Phlebotomy was performed after obtaining informed consent. For coagulation assays, plasma was obtained from citrated whole blood, subjected to a second centrifugation at 10,000g and stored in aliquots at −80°C. For isolation of DNA, whole blood was anticoagulated with acid citrate dextrose solution (A).
Coagulation assays.
Prothrombin assays were performed by one stage assay with either taipan venom2 17 or Echis carinatus venom18 as activators and fibrinogen as substrate. The chromogenic substrate tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA was used in a two-stage assay and prothrombin activation was accomplished with a taipan venom activator reagent consisting of 0.2 mg/mL taipan venom in 0.1 mol/L NaCl, 0.04 mol/L Tris—HCl, pH 7.5, 2 mmol/L Ca2+, and rabbit brain cephalin at 1/5 dilution of the stock solution. For activation, 0.1 mL of the activator reagent was incubated with 0.1 mL of plasma diluted in 0.1 mol/L NaCl, 0.05 mol/L Tris—HCl, and pH 7.5. After 1.0 minute incubation at 37°C, 100 μL of the incubation mixture was transferred to 1.1 mL 0.1 mol/L NaCl, 0.05 mol/L Tris—HCl, and pH 8.3 containing 0.14 mmol/L tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA. The rate of substrate hydrolysis was monitored at 405 nm. Percent activity was determined from a standard curve prepared with factor assay reference plasma. Other coagulation assays were performed by established clinical laboratories.
Western blotting for prothrombin.
Plasma samples from the proband and a normal individual were diluted 1/30 with 0.1 mol/L NaCl, 0.05 mol/L Tris—HCl, and pH 7.5 and treated with one half volume of the taipan venom activator reagent containing 3 mmol/L Ca2+. Samples were incubated at 37°C and at 30, 60, and 600 seconds 100-μL aliquots were added to a 25-μL electrophoresis sample solution, 0.24 mol/L Tris—HCl, pH 6.8, 5 mmol/L EDTA, and 8% sodium dodecyl sulfate. Electrophoresis on 12% polyacrylamide gels was performed as described19 without reduction of disulfide bonds. After electrophoresis, proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose. The membrane was blocked with 5% nonfat dry milk in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4. The primary antibody was polyclonal goat antihuman prothrombin antiserum obtained from ICN (Costa Mesa, CA). The secondary antibody was peroxidase conjugated rabbit antigoat IgG (Sigma Chemical Co) with detection by enhanced chemiluminescence (Amersham Life Science).
DNA sequencing.
DNA was isolated from leukocytes after proteinase K digestion.20 Thrombin exons were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers derived from the adjacent noncoding regions of the prothrombin gene. The primers were modified from those used previously8 and are listed in Table 1. Temperature conditions for PCR of all exons were denaturation, 1 minute at 94°C; annealing, 1 minute at 55°C; and extension, 2 minutes at 72°C for 30 cycles.PCR amplified DNA fragments for the proband were purified by electrophoresis and cloned by using the Original TA Cloning Kit Ver 2.0 from Invitrogen (San Diego, CA). DNA sequencing was performed by the dideoxy method.21 Sequences were read manually and compared with the published prothrombin gene sequence.22 Both coding and noncoding strands were sequenced.
Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.
Restriction enzyme digestion of PCR amplified prothrombin exon 13 was performed with Mnl I. Hydrolysis was monitored by electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel with ethidium bromide staining. The reaction mixtures were incubated at 37°C for a total of 7 hours to ensure complete hydrolysis.
Case report.
The proband was a 64-year-old white male referred to the East Carolina University School of Medicine Hematology/Oncology Clinic for evaluation of an increased PT and aPTT obtained before elective surgery for a right rotator cuff repair. He had no prior history of significant bleeding or bruising and had undergone previous herniorrhaphy, right heel surgery, traumatic amputation of the distal portions of two fingers, and multiple tooth extractions without significant bleeding or the need for blood transfusions. There was no history of liver disease. Diet was normal with only remote use of small amounts of alcohol. No family history of abnormal bleeding was noted. Physical examination was not remarkable for jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, or signs of chronic liver disease. No ecchymoses or evidence of recent bleeding was present. No joint deformities or evidence of hemarthrosis was noted. Limitation of motion of the right shoulder was present because of the rotator cuff injury. Laboratory studies performed by a reference laboratory before referral indicated a low prothrombin activity with normal factor V and X activity levels.
The laboratory results of the hemostasis evaluation were as follows with normal ranges in parenthesis: platelets 220 (150 - 440) × 103/μL, bleeding time 3.2 (2.5 - 9.5) minutes, PTT 14.9 (11.6 - 13.2) seconds, and for a 1:1 mix with control plasma 12.3 seconds, aPTT 38.8 (22.6 - 33.0) seconds and for a 1:1 mix with control plasma 32.5 seconds, fibrinogen 2.73 (2.00 - 4.00) mg/mL. Values obtained for factor assays with >50% considered normal were as follows: factor V 90%, factor VII 73%, factor IX 64% and factor X 101%. The prothrombin activity assay was 51% (normal >50%) in a one-stage assay with thromboplastin as the activator. In contrast the prothrombin antigen was 102% with a normal range of 75% to 130%. Fibrinogen was the substrate for all factor assays. Dilute Russell's viper venom time, antinuclear antibody, and anticardiolipin antibody panel testing were normal indicating that a lupus anticoagulant was not present.
The normal values for the vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors other than prothrombin indicate that the low prothrombin level was not caused by vitamin K deficiency. Thus, the discordance between the prothrombin antigen and activity assays indicates the presence of dysprothrombinemia in this otherwise healthy individual. The dysprothrombin has been designated Prothrombin Greenville. Because the surgeon did not wish to risk bleeding complications, and because the prothrombin activity was at or near the hemostatic threshold, the patient was given fresh frozen plasma in the perioperative period. The surgery was successfully completed with no unusual bleeding noted.
Additional prothrombin assays.
To further characterize the dysprothrombin identified in the proband, additional prothrombin assays were performed with venom activators and both fibrinogen and tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA as thrombin substrates. The results of these assays are presented as mean ± standard deviation for three separate assays: one-stage assay with Echis carinatusvenom as activator and fibrinogen as substrate 36% ± 1%, one-stage assay with taipan venom/PL/Ca2+ as activator and fibrinogen as substrate 50% ± 2%, and two-stage assay with the latter activator and tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA as substrate 76% ± 4%. The taipan venom assay with fibrinogen as substrate, 50%, was similar to the 51% obtained initially with thromboplastin as activator. If the dysprothrombinemia were the consequence of a mutation in the activation peptide or a defect preventing hydrolysis of the Arg271(−)-Thr bond of prothrombin, it was predicted that activation by Echis carinatus venom would yield a normal thrombin level.23 24 This was not observed, which suggests that the molecular defect is within the thrombin portion of the molecule. When a chromogenic substrate was used in a two-stage assay, the prothrombin activity for the proband was greater than observed with fibrinogen as substrate. This result suggested that the defect in the predicted dysthrombin probably affected thrombin-fibrinogen interaction to a greater extent than the interaction with a low molecular weight substrate. However, there is apparently also some defect in catalysis by the dysthrombin because the activity toward tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA is not equivalent to that expected for the observed antigen level.
Prothrombin activation and Western blotting.
To further examine the nature of the defect in the dysprothrombin, the time course of prothrombin cleavage was determined by Western blotting. The results following activation of diluted whole plasma by taipan venom and electrophoresis on a nonreducing gel shown in Fig 1, indicate that prothrombin is cleaved at a similar rate for both the proband and the control and that the products for both have similar molecular weights. A mutation at Arg271 would result in an activation defect and approximately half of the total prothrombin in this apparently heterozygous individual should have remained as the higher molecular weight proteins, meizothrombin (with the same molecular weight as prothrombin), or prethrombin 1 at the end of the incubation period. A mutation at Arg320(16) would result in the accumulation of prethrombin 2 (uncleaved thrombin A and B chains). Under reducing conditions, prethrombin 2 should appear at a higher molecular weight than the thrombin heavy chain. Electrophoresis performed under reducing conditions indicated conversion of all prothrombin to thrombin (results not shown). Thus, the results are consistent with the presence of a dysthrombin. This dysthrombin was predicted to be the consequence of a point mutation because of the similar molecular weights for prothrombin and its hydrolysis products obtained from plasma of the control and the proband.
DNA sequencing.
Attempted screening of PCR products for the thrombin exons was not successful in identifying a point mutation. Because the proband was expected to be heterozygous for a dysprothrombin, at least six clones were sequenced for each exon to verify the presence of a unique point mutation. The following list gives the number of the prothrombin exon with the number of clones sequenced indicated in parenthesis: 8 (7), 9 (6), 10 (14), 11 (12), 12 (11), 13 (8), and 14 (8). The nucleotide at position 8908 in exon 1022 was C in all the clones that were sequenced as originally reported for the human prothrombin cDNA sequence.15 This does not result in an amino acid substitution. For exon 13, 4 of 8 clones sequenced yielded a transitional mutation at nucleotide 19777 corresponding to a codon change from CGA to CAA at amino acid residue 517(187), which results in an Arg→Gln mutation. The finding of 50% normal sequences confirms that the proband is heterozygous for the mutation. The results for sequencing two clones for exon 13 amplified from DNA of the proband are shown in Fig 2. A mutation at Arg517(187), a surface residue that forms part of an ionic cluster16 in thrombin, has not been previously reported. This region of thrombin, which is near the base of the primary substrate binding pocket, has not been specifically associated with the interaction of thrombin with fibrinogen.
Structural consequences of the Arg517(187)→Gln mutation.
The mutated arginine residue in this dysprothrombin is a part of an RGD sequence in thrombin. However, the aspartic acid residue of this sequence is located at the base of the primary substrate binding pocket and neither this residue nor the adjacent glycine are accessible to the molecular surface, which makes it unlikely that this sequence contributes to binding interactions in native thrombin.16The ionic cluster formed by Arg517(187) with Asp552(221) and Asp554(222) is shown schematically in Fig 3. A Na+binding site that contributes to optimal coagulant activity and involves an adjacent region of thrombin has been identified13 25 in which one of the Na+ ligands is provided by the carbonyl oxygen of Arg553(221A). Examination of the thrombin structure indicates that the correct positioning of this Na+ ligand must depend on formation of the ionic cluster between the two adjacent aspartic acid residues and Arg517(187). Thus, in Thrombin Greenville, where this ionic interaction is lost because of the substitution of the positively charged arginine residue by the neutral residue glutamine, there is most probably a significant perturbation of the structure of the Na+ binding site, which appears to result in an enzyme lacking significant fibrinogen clotting activity as indicated by the functional prothrombin assays. Previous results from Di Cera's laboratory26 27 indicate that in the absence of Na+ the rate of release of fibrinopeptide A by thrombin is decreased to a greater extent than is the hydrolysis of the low molecular weight substrate H-D-Phe-pipecolyl-Arg-p-nitroanilide. Similarly, the results obtained here for the prothrombin assays suggest that structural features associated with the ionic cluster around Arg517(187) are apparently less critical for the normal hydrolysis by thrombin of the low molecular weight substrate tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-pNA than for the release of fibrinopeptide A from fibrinogen.
Restriction enzyme digestion.
Sequence analysis of the normal and Prothrombin Greenville nucleotide sequences identified an Mnl I restriction site in the normal sequence that was lost from Prothrombin Greenville. The recognition sequence for Mnl I is CCTC. The recognition sequence on the complementary strand, GAGG corresponds to the prothrombin gene coding sequence for nucleotides 19777 to 19780 in exon 13. The Prothrombin Greenville mutation converts this sequence to AAGG resulting in the loss of the Mnl I restriction cleavage site. The PCR amplified exon 13 for the proband and several family members were subjected toMnl I digestion. The results shown in Fig 4 indicate that in the proband and one son, digestion of this fragment is incomplete, which is consistent with the loss of the Mnl I restriction site as predicted by the observed mutation and the expected heterozygosity for this mutation. Figure 5 shows the pedigree for the proband with prothrombin assays for several family members. These results are consistent with the findings obtained by Mnl I digestion.
The dysprothrombin identified in these studies has been designated Prothrombin Greenville for the North Carolina location where this mutant protein was characterized. It was anticipated that a dysthrombin with decreased fibrinogen clotting activity would have an altered residue associated with either the catalytic triad residues, anion binding exosite I, or the primary substrate binding pocket as has been observed with other dysthrombins.2 This did not appear to be the case for the mutation that we identified, so other structural features were examined in an attempt to relate the identified mutation to defective fibrinogen clotting activity. Examination of the results of structural studies of thrombin13 25 suggest that this mutation most probably affects the Na+ binding site. Binding of Na+ at this site is proposed to participate in the regulation of the procoagulant and anticoagulant forms of thrombin in which fibrinogen or protein C are the respective thrombin substrates.14 This is the first report of a dysthrombin in which the Na+ binding site appears to be the locus of the mutation. These findings are also consistent with a critical structural role for the ionic cluster involving residues 517 (187), 552 (221), and 554 (222) located on the surface of thrombin. From comparison of the prethrombin 2 and thrombin structures, it was proposed25that this ionic cluster is a crucial driving force for the structural rearrangement that occurs in this region of thrombin on cleavage of the thrombin A and B chains to yield the active enzyme thrombin. This structural rearrangement results not only in formation of the Na+ binding site by positioning one of the Na+ligands, R553 (221A), but also results in a shift of the position of D519 (189) at the base of the primary substrate (arginine) binding pocket. It is probable that improper positioning of D519 (189) also contributes to the functional defect observed in Thrombin Greenville. This ionic cluster is not conserved in the primary structure of other serine proteases,13 although it is conserved in bovine thrombin as is the Arg that provides a Na+ ligand corresponding to Arg 553(221A) of human thrombin.28 A related mutant thrombin with the sequence Ala552(221)ArgLys has been prepared by recombinant DNA methods. In this mutant, the allosteric effect of Na+ is lost with the result that the kinetics for release of fibrinopeptide A are similar in the presence and absence of Na+.13 It appears that this latter mutant has a relatively greater activity in the release of fibrinopeptide A than does Thrombin Greenville. As with other dysprothrombins that have been reported, this dysprothrombin was identified because of its decreased fibrinogen clotting activity. This heterozygous defect does not appear to have resulted in any phenotypic manifestation in the proband. There is no history of either excessive bleeding or thrombosis in the proband.
The G→A transitional mutation has most probably arisen on the noncoding DNA strand where the sequence CpG occurs, a sequence that has been identified as a mutational "hot spot." These mutations are thought to arise when a methylcytosine is deaminated and then recognized as a T with the result that A is incorporated on the complementary strand during DNA replication. Other dysthrombins that have arisen by a similar mechanism are Tokushima3 and Quick I.4
The identification of individuals heterozygous for dysprothrombinemia is somewhat fortuitous because they are not generally manifested by prolonged coagulation screening tests. For Prothrombin Greenville, the dysthrombin may have been inhibitory contributing to the prolonged PT and aPTT tests or the mildly decreased factor VII and factor IX levels in combination with the low prothrombin level may have resulted in the prolonged times.29
Further characterization of the enzymatic activity of this mutant thrombin will require isolation of Prothrombin Greenville from plasma or the expression of the mutant protein by recombinant DNA techniques. These studies are currently planned and will permit a more definitive analysis of the role of the ionic cluster formed around Arg517(187) in normal thrombin function.
The authors thank the proband and his family for their generous cooperation in making this study possible, Dr Bruce D. Wilhelmsen for referring the proband to us for further study, and Scott Eaves for performing the Western blotting studies after prothrombin activation.
Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant No. HL 45194 (to R.A.H.). R.A.H. is an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association.
Presented at the American Society for Hematology Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, December 5, 1995 (Blood 86:71a, 1995).
Address reprint requests to R.A. Henriksen, PhD, Department of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858-4354.
The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
- Submitted July 18, 1997.
- Accepted November 5, 1997.
- Copyright © 1998 American Society of Hematology


text: I wonder if there are such great differences that a guide to Snow Leopard operation of the site might not be as useful as a guide based on Lion. However, if there's enough interest, I could put it together with some input from others. • Mark BurningHawk Baxter • AIM, Skype and Twitter: BurningHawk1969 • MSN: BurningHawk1969@xxxxxxxxxxx • My home page: • http://MarkBurningHawk.net/ > > Click on the link below to go to our homepage. > http://www.icanworkthisthing.com > > Manage your subscription by using the web interface on the link below. > http://www.freelists.org/list/macvoiceover > > Users can subscribe to this list by sending email to > macvoiceover-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx > with 'subscribe' in the Subject field OR by logging into the Web > interface at http://www.freelists.org/list/macvoiceover >

subset: commoncrawl


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Hanukkah Shabbat service at Congregation Beth Meier: Rabbi Richard Flom leads the service, 6:30 tonight. 11725 Moorpark St., Studio City. 818-769-0515. www.bethmeier.org
Hanukkah Shabbat service at Congregation Or Ami: 6:30 tonight. 26115 Mureau Rd., Calabasas. 818-880-4880. www.orami.org
When God Speaks, You Gotta Listen: Pastor Jim Bell delivers the message based on 1 Kings 17, 6 p.m. Saturday. West Valley Christian Church, 22450 Sherman Way, West Hills. 818-884-6480. www.wvcch.org
Chabad of Burbank's Hanukkah Celebration: Latkes, music and menorah lighting, 8 p.m. Saturday. On the AMC Walkway, East Palm Avenue between North First Street and North San Fernando Boulevard. 818-954-0070. www.chabadburbank.com
Thanksgiving — Major and Minor Things: The Rev. Glenn Kirby delivers the message, at 9 and 10:45 a.m. Sunday. West Valley Christian Church, 22450 Sherman Way, West Hills. 818-884-6480.
First Sunday in Advent – Hope…Things Will Be Different: The Rev. Kalesita Tu'ifua delivers the message, 10 a.m. Sunday. Knollwood United Methodist Church, 12121 Balboa Blvd., Granada Hills. 818-360-8111. www.knollwoodchurch.com
The Angels of Christmas — A Surprise Baby: The Rev. Gordon Marchant delivers the message, 10:15 a.m. Sunday. First United Methodist Church of Reseda, 18120 Saticoy St. 818-344-7135. www.resedachurch.org
A Thanksgiving Communion: Traci Davis, Linda Fitzgerald and Terry Hassman-Paulin discuss the meaning of Communion, 10:30 a.m. Sunday. Emerson Unitarian Universalist Church, 7304 Jordan Ave., Canoga Park. 818-887-6101. www.emersonuuc.org
Inspirational Holidays: Lay leader Garry Klempser will deliver the message, 10:30 a.m. Sunday. Sepulveda Unitarian Universalist Society, 9550 Haskell Ave., North Hills. 818-894-9251. www.sepulvedauu.org
Our Lady of Guadalupe Procession and Mass: Procession, 11 a.m. Sunday beginning at the corner of East Cesar Chavez Avenue and Ford Boulevard; east on Cesar Chavez to East Los Angeles Community College, 1301 E. Avenida Cesar Chavez, Monterey Park. Archbishop Jose H. Gomez celebrates a Mass, 1:30 p.m. at the college's Weingart Stadium. www.la-archdiocese.org
Hanukkah Sing at Valley Beth Shalom: The Valley Beth Shalom Congregational Choir performs, 1 p.m. Sunday. Reservations required. 15739 Ventura Blvd., Encino. 818-788-6000. www.vbs.org
Advent Lessons and Carols at St. Michael and All Angels Episcopal Church: 5 p.m. Sunday. 3646 Coldwater Canyon Ave., Studio City. 818-763-9193. www.stmikessc.org
Hanukkah Celebration With Chabad of the Valley at Universal CityWalk: 6-9 p.m. Sunday. 100 Universal City Walk Drive, Universal City. 818-758-1818.
Hanukkah Family Night at Temple Beth Hillel: Activities, dinner and singing, 5-7 p.m. Tuesday. Cost $10. Bring your own menorah and candles. Reservations required. 12326 Riverside Drive, Valley Village. 818-763-9148 or email@example.com. www.tbhla.org
Hanukkah on Ice: Chabad of West Hills co-sponsors the event with latkes, menorah lighting and ice skating, 5 p.m. Tuesday. Skates $10. Woodland Hills Ice, 6100 Topanga Canyon Blvd. 818-337-4544. www.chabadofwesthills.com
Tuesday Table Talk at Bethel Christian Reformed Church: Screening and discussion of the 2000 movie "Pay It Forward," 7:15 p.m. Tuesday. Potluck dinner, 6:30 p.m. 10725 Penrose St., Sun Valley. 818-767-4488.
Wrestling with God — Jewish Ideas in the 20th Century: Steven Zipperstein, professor at Stanford University, discusses the Zionist Revolution, 7-9 p.m. Wednesday. Free. Series continues through March. Valley Beth Shalom, 15739 Ventura Blvd., Encino. 818-788-6000. www.vbs.org
Evening Testimony meeting at 43rd Church of Christ, Scientist: Readings from the Bible and Mary Baker Eddy's "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" and healing stories from participants, 7:30-8:30 p.m. Wednesday. 6117 Shoup Ave., Woodland Hills. 818-347-4418. www.christiansciencewoodlandhills.com
Simi Community Christmas: A nondenominational event with music from bands, bagpipers, bell ringers, choirs, harpists and orchestra, a live Nativity and display of international and vintage crèches, 5-9 p.m. Thursday-Dec. 6-8. Free. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 480 Sinaloa Road, Simi Valley. www.simicommunitychristmas.com
Holiday Boutique and Bake Sale at Acton Faith Bible Church: 8 a.m.-2 p.m. Dec. 7. High Desert School, 3620 Antelope Woods Road, 661-269-1878.
Crafter's Boutique at Our Redeemer Lutheran Church: 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Dec. 7. Proceeds go to the church's food pantry. 8520 Winnetka Ave., Winnetka. 818-341-1629. www.our-redeemer.org
Dickens Christmas Festival at Simi Covenant Church: Children's activities including a train ride, English food, juggler and street performances, marketplace, readings from "A Christmas Carol" and tea house, noon-7 p.m. Dec. 7; noon-6 p.m. Dec. 8. Costume contests for those in Steampunk and Victorian outfits. Admission $5 in advance; $8; free for children 12 and under; $5 at the door with new, unwrapped toy (minimum $10) to be donated to Action. 4680 Alamo St., Simi Valley. 805-526-8855. www.simicovenant.org
Choral Christmas Concert at First Christian Church of North Hollywood: 2 and 7 p.m. Dec. 7. Offering. 4390 Colfax Ave., Studio City. 818-763-8218. www.fccnh.org
Post Hanukkah-Havdalah Party at Society for Humanistic Judaism: Cantor Jonathan Friedman discusses "Standing Up for our Convictions," 5 p.m. Dec. 7. Potluck dinner follows the service. Bring your own menorah. 888-552-4552. email@example.com
The Stand-up Comedy of Tom Dreesen and His Memories of Frank Sinatra: Temple Aliyah presents the story telling evening, 8 p.m. Dec. 7. Tickets $36; $100 VIP (includes a reception). 6025 Valley Circle Blvd., Woodland Hills. 818-346-3545. www.templealiyah.org
St. James Sunday Concerts — The Virgin Mary Had a Baby Boy: The Chancel Choir and the Early Music Ensemble perform, with carol singing by the audience, 4 p.m. Dec. 8. Offering. 19414 Ventura Blvd., Tarzana. 818-345-2057. www.stjamespres.org/music
Send listings at least two weeks in advance to firstname.lastname@example.com; fax 818-713-0058; Religion Calendar, Daily News, P.O. Box 4200, Woodland Hills, CA 91365. 818-713-3708.


text: Just conaned the head off a bolt for the water pump I'm putting on the 22RE in my 4runner. It occurs to me that a) since I don't need the engine tonight and b) I actually own a torque wrench, I should c) find out the proper foot pounds to torque the bolts for the timing chain cover, oil pump and water pump for an 86 yota 22re. Anybody have a shop manual they could look those numbers up in? Wanna sell it? thanks! P


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Being a mummy the last time I had a chance to have a lovely relaxing day at home was when I was very ill following an operation. It was shortly after Fifi was born which meant I was already very tired. I must admit it was great in the sense that I didn't have to get up all night and it was the first chance I had had to rest and relax for at least 4 years.
Eve Mattress have challenged me to a little blogger competition where all I need to do is to tell you what my dream day would be. I'm up for the challenge, however I have to say this has taken me a long time to think about properly. For one thing, my absolute dream day would be at the beach in North Norfolk in the sunshine with a fabulous picnic and all the children behaving themselves and being nice to each other. I would be sitting on my lovely picnic blanket reading a fantastic book. The sun would be shining and there would be a gentle breeze. However, that really is quite a lot to ask isn't it? In reality, it would be far too hot or too windy, the children would be moaning and I'd be hassled by dogs endlessly coming up to try to steal my picnic.
I thought it might be better to re-think my dream day into something achievable and so I'm suggesting that it would be wonderful to have an entire day at home. Ideally alone but I'd allow the husband to join in if he wished. I'd lay in bed and on the sofa reading books and watch the odd programme on Netflix, my current fave box set which i'm keen to finish is Sense8. Ideally, I'd have a lovely breakfast of greek yogurt and fruit with some croissants. For lunch I'd have a cheese board and biscuits and some lovely crunchy crisps. At dinner I'd send the husband out to fetch fish and chips and a lovely bottle of Prosecco and we'd watch a movie. Interestingly I've noted my ideal day is quite sedentary and involves lots of food, books and films. I think that probably sums me up quite well.
I'd love to hear if your dream day would be similar to mine. I think having children really affects your perspective on things and I'd simply value some child free time, do you feel the same?
Disclaimer; I'm trying to win a competition for a new mattress. Given our bed is way beyond the age it should have been replaced wish me luck!


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Meek Mill Returns to the Hood With 'I'ma Boss' Video — Watch
Several months after the release of his Maybach Music Group single 'I'ma Boss,' Philly rapper Meek Mill returns to the hood with a Benny Boom-helmed visual for the song, which features a verse by MMG "Bawse" Rick Ross, who also goes head-to-head with Meek on the pronunciation of the word "Boss" on the hook.
Appearing shirtless in the simple, but effective video, which mostly takes place in the hood, Meek introduces fans to his world, including scattered Philly landmarks, like Geno's Steaks, and guest spots by Ross, Wale, DJ Khaled, Ace Hood and several members of Meek's crew.
"Look I be riding through my old hood, but I'm in my new whip," Meek raps from the front seat of his Ferrari, as he literally rides through the hood. "Same old attitude, but I'm on that new s—/ They say they gon' rob me, but they never do s—."
Ross contributes a somewhat subdued appearance in the clip, which also features some glimmering neon club shots and tricked out ATVs.
"Before this, I ain't have nothing I was actually chasing. I was just in the street living the life," Meek told MTV, reflecting on his rise to fame. "Now, Ross be calling me 'Meek Millionaire,' actually; he always be saying it on new songs we be doing … I ain't there yet; I should be real soon: I'm gonna get my millionaire's club membership real soon."
Meek recently told Vibe that he's holding the 'I'ma Boss' remix until T.I., who was released from prison yesterday, can record a verse, to celebrate his homecoming.
"If I hold the 'I'ma Boss' remix long enough I might throw Tip on that. have him get out to the hottest song of the year," Meek said. "He ain't have no problem looking out for me and I don't have no problem doing it for him."
Meek Mill is currently hard at work on his solo debut. Check out the 'I'ma Boss' video below.
Watch Rick Ross' 'Super High' Featuring Ne-Yo
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text:
Frame Rating: GeForce GTX Titan, GeForce GTX 690, Radeon HD 7990 (HD 7970 CrossFire)
Crysis 3
Crysis 3 (DirectX 11)
Master the power of the Nanosuit. Armor, Speed, Strength and the ability to cloak are the ingredients of the most effective tactical combat armor ever created. Suit up! It's all yours in Crysis 3.
In Crysis 3 at 1920x1080, we found the Radeon HD 7970s in CrossFire fell between the GTX 690 and the GTX Titan.
Observed frame rates are much lower once again, with the emulated HD 7990 dropping well below the frame rate both NVIDIA options.
The frame time graph tells the story of what is going with a high frequency of runt frames being detected on the 7970 cards. Both the GTX 690 and the GTX Titan have very tight bands of frame times though indicating solid and consistent frame times.
Our minimum frame rate graph give a real world average over the course of the testing at 23 FPS or so, 41 FPS on the Titan and 53 FPS with the GTX 690.
Frame variance data shows that the HD 7970s basically are never running in line with each other and are in a constant state of flux. Both the GTX 690 and the GTX Titan show much less frame time deviation but you can see just a bit of a tail on the GTX 690 indicating that frame times are closer together on the Titan.
Jacking up the resolution to 2560x1440 actually moves the Radeon HD 7970s in CrossFire ahead of both NVIDIA cards in the FRAPS based data metrics, but again that changes below...
Observed frame rates are lower with some occasional spikes up.
Frame times are very erratic again with oscillations between low and expected frame times once again. There are more instances of convergence here, spans where frame times ARE consistent, but they are definitely in the minority. You might also notice that the GTX 690 frame time band is a noticeably wider and more varied than the GTX Titan now that we have moved to 2560x1440.
With the disparity between high and low frame times, as well as the converged areas of the frame time plot above, the average frame rate of both the 7990 and Titan cards are the same at the 50th percentile. However, as we slide up the scale they diverge rather quickly and NVIDIA's Titan card is maintaining higher frame rates the rest of the time. The GTX 690 is definitely the better performer here with a modest slope down (lower frame rates) towards the upper 90s levels.
Finally, our frame time variance paints the story of the HD 7970s that are representing the HD 7990 - clearly there is an issue from the outset once again. Towards the end of the graph we are seeing frame time gaps of as much as 25 ms while the GTX Titan never gets above 5 ms.
As we move up to the triple monitor resolutions we once again see the problems with the AMD Radeon HD 7970s dropping a lot of frames and HUGE artificial spikes in frame rates.
Observed frame rates paint a totally different story with the HD 7990 trailing the pack and GTX 690 and Titan sharing a lot of the same performance levels.
The plot of frame times tells us two things: first, Eyefinity is just borked with CrossFire. We don't like it! Also, the GTX 690 is definitely more variant than the GTX Titan which might mean we have a different "performance leader" in this case compared to the prior resolutions.
This is pretty interesting; we expected the HD 7970s to run slower (and they do) but take a look at how the GTX 690 and GTX Titan start out and then swap places. Clearly the Titan provides the most consistent experience from beginning to end even though it might not always be the fastest.
While we have expected the frame variance to be poor with the HD 7970s in CrossFire, the GTX 690 also takes a bit of a beating here when compared to the Titan. As we dive in to the 90th percentile and above we are seeing 20 ms and more frame time variances indicating a lot of potential stutter. The GTX Titan, with its single high powered GPU, never breaches the 7-8 ms level.
Personally, I'll be the first to say that I could care less about ANY of this shit since I own a Sparkle Calibre 680 and a Galaxy 680 White to complement it.
Just because you can post doesn't mean you have to.
The same applies to you as well.
Soon after all these years I had been undertaking this exercising
pondering it was going to whip me in shape, wow!
Battlefield 4 running at 60FPS, 3K resolution on an AMD Radeon 7990.
60 fps won't matter if it doesn't play as smooth as it should be. hence the whole point of these article
you mean at a reported 60 fps. as you can see by the charts above, reported versus actual is about a 2:1 ratio. so take that as the radeon running at 30 fps.
you using still old drivers!!
AMD: 13.2 beta 7 ????
As you should have noticed also the NV Drivers where older (314.07 & 314.09 for TITAN). This is because he started a time ago to make these time-consuming tests. At that Moment the AMD Driver wasn't old. :)
Thanks Ryan for the interesting Frame Rating tests so far (and upcoming). Would it be possible the add 3-way & 4-way MGPU-Setups for an extra review in future?
LOL 13.2 beta 7 is SOO OOLLDD!! :)
All of our testing was completed as of March 15th, and it was the latest driver as of that date. And trust me, nothing that affects what we are seeing here is changed with the latest beta drivers.
As for 3/4 card configs, we can do it, its just a time concern now.
Talk about being subjective.
Not everyone updates their drives like they change their underwear, dummy.
Soon after all these years I had been carrying out
this physical exercise considering it was going to whip me in shape,
Totally agreed with you.
Would be interesting....I've heard else where that tricrossfire eliminates stuttering.....at least subjectively....would be good to shine the truth light of "frame rating" on that statement.
I doubt it eliminates the stuttering problem as it just increases FPS to a point you can't see it anymore. nvidia doesn't have stuttering cause its what they do on the hardware to prevent it which AMD doesn't but supportable gonna make a fix for in July which would have to be software fix.
I'd like to see that too. I used to run 4870x2 + 4870 in Tri-fire and I don't recall stutter. However, I have run 6870s in Crossfire and did notice issues in BFBC2.
I don't have problems with my GTX 570 SLI or GTX 680 SLI PCs.
It would be great to see older cards tested too.
Oh, Ryan you rascal! Are you not familiar with the MO of the AMD diehards? These guys are more deluded than the Westboro baptist church.
Let me bring you up to speed.
The latest beta driver, released at 3am the night before, not available on the official AMD website, and available only through obscure links passed around by the AMD diehards, is the JESUS DRIVER THAT WILL FINALLY CHANGE EVERYTHING! It will unlock all the untold power that AMD diehards just KNEW was in their cards all along. This situation repeats EVERY SINGLE TIME a new beta driver is released, publicly or not.
To be perfectly honest you're throwing the diehards way too much of a bone by using beta drivers to begin with. You wouldn't review beta (non-production) hardware, now would you? But that's another discussion for another time.
I really am sorry Ryan for all the venom some people will spit at you now and in the future because you're the first tech journalist in quite a while to actually do some investigative journalism instead of being a press release parrot. There are a lot of people that appreciate all your hard work, please don't forget that. The real value in what you're doing is not just in evaluating current hardware and making better buying decisions, but in shaping the future of the industry. Because of your hard work, future hardware WILL run games more smoothly than they would otherwise, and for that we thank you. Thanks, Ryan.
Hope and beta driver change. Praise be the new frame rate!
The future is here and this is the driver we have been waiting for! Honor be upon Catalyst Maker, the oceans are receding and all crossfire rigs now rise with this tiding of good joy!
Banished are the runts frames, in Abu Dhabi's name.
I agree, 3/4-way multi gpu setups might show interesting results.
People are getting too hung up depending on their preference. This is genuinely interesting stuff, that has't been applied by end-user review sites before. Both IHVs have resources that are beyond anyone else. I don't buy for a minute that any of the major IHVs doesn't analyze the render pipeline in great detail.
Great work you have done. Has Scott at techreport had anything to say about it?
Disappointing that I never get a response from the staff. I have been a loyal reader for some time now, and do not get why you guys cannot once in a while respond.
I love you, and I care for you. I just have no idea what Scott has communicated with Ryan about.
I'd rather keep conversations between Scott and I private.
I was just hoping he was impressed with how far you have taken this thing. No doubt, your work has nvidia and amd taking notice, which is quite a thing.
nVidia made some tools that are used in this testing which pcper is in process of making their own up to move away from using nvidia made tools
I watch everything Ryan does:)
not trying to be a dick, but ignoring him doesn't make the answer obvious.
Is there romance in the air?
Hey Guys, these articles really confirm what I saw with a crossfired HD6950 setup, I noticed big stuttering (3dmark11 springs to mind) on a dual-card setup even though the FPS were double than the single card setup.
With one card it was much smoother even though the FPS were half.
I ended up putting one card in a drawer so that was a big waste of money.
Now running a single GTX TITAN.
I will only be running single GPU from now on so I bought the fastest single GPU...... Sorry AMD, been running you for years but you don't have the fastest GPU. Good luck anyway :)
One exception I would like to mention, I remember running Crysis Warhead with crossfire on 1920x1200, enabling VSYNC,
and being able to run at 60 FPS constantly. This setup didn't seem to be stuttering at all so it would be interesting to test crossfire with VSYNC when the game permits at least 60 FPS constantly.
Cheers, keep up to excellent work !
Titan is a fucking POS card and is overpriced to Moon.
Buy either one of these:
Opinions errywhere.
Did you even read the article?
No, I did not.
I could care less about what the article is on about actually, since the TITAN is THE most stupid card I've EVER seen in my life.
The only card that matters is the 7990 in this article.
And EVEN that is barely worthwhile, because of all these skipping frametimes and shit.
My weasel is stronger than your fucking stupid TITAN.
Don't you think you have an obligation to know what you are complaining about before you troll?
I do.
It's explained right in there over the TechSpot site, over TechReport and ON here and on some other tech sites as well, at least, from what I heard.
My weasel is really hot. So will be my new sports car.
Titan is an excellent card, just hideously over overpriced.
You sir, are a f*cking idiot.
Eat a fuckin dick John. And shove ya 680 up your arse
Eat a fuckin dick John. And shove ya 680 up your arse
Eat a fuckin dick John. And shove ya 680 up your arse
Going to reply to my own comment, it seems people get really exited about this and start trolling and calling people names. Quite disappointing. Now, I'm 41 years old, maybe that's the problem :-) For all those people who are able to give their opinion without being rude to others, kudos, your comments are well appreciated.
Here here sir. This guy is 54 years old and has nothing better to do than troll this awesome tech site. If you are interested in a laugh I have started a little thing called the John D. Show. You should check it out!
Maybe I missed it , but is there an explanation as to why the radeons didn't give an data at the highest resolution in some of those runs? what do you mean by "reliable data"?
Check first article page on Eyefinity.
Grat work Ryan, keep it up. I was considering a crossfire setup but seeing this has helped reassure me to save up for a Titan ... Or two...
Huge mistake: A 7990 cannot be "emulated" by a pair of 7970 since the the "bridge" is done onboard.
This site is somehow harvesting its momentum with all this AMD bashing.
The unreleased HD7990 can't implement frame metering like Kepler cards do.
Anyway we don't really know how's that Nv's frame metering affecting to input lag.
That's....just not true. You can precisely emulate it. There will be very little difference.
You are right. I was wrong: third parties used a Lucid chip in the past for dual GPU instead of the AMD reference bridge. But the latency remained the same except for the case where the dual-GPU board was paired with at least a third card:
Interesting note:
Back in 2011, it already took 3 AMD gpus + Lucid Bridge to get the smoothness of 2 nVidia
It also CANNOT be reproduced as the boards that are currently 7970 x 2 are NOT 7990!!!!
The 7990 is going to be based off of a CGN respin similar to the 7790 (respin). The conclusions cannot even accurately refer to the 7990 without pointing out this is an NVIDIA sponsored site, as the 7990 is not even released.
What a joke to discuss an unreleased part and not only that, reflect so negatively on it.
It also CANNOT be reproduced as the boards that are currently 7970 x 2 are NOT 7990!!!!
The 7990 is going to be based off of a CGN respin similar to the 7790 (respin). The conclusions cannot even accurately refer to the 7990 without appearing to be an NVIDIA sponsored site, as the 7990 is not even released.
What a joke to discuss an unreleased part and not only that, reflect so negatively on it.
Good read, I like the new charts. They are easy to follow. I think these are the best looking graphs I've seen on the subject, so keep up the good work.
I happen to be a 3D Vision user. I play it with about any game I have and when it doesn't work, I use a Helix mod in most cases.
Anyways, I'd be very interested in seeing how Crossfire/SLI works in 3D, be it HD3D or 3D Vision. Theoretically, I believe their results should be similar to a single card setup in variance, but much faster, though some confirmation would be nice. This is because two images are made for each frame, so each card will start a frame at the same time for delivery at the same time, while something like the Titan would have to create two separate images for each frame.
Maybe just one article on it at some point would be nice just to paint a picture. We wouldn't need a lot of them if my theory is correct.
Hmm, not sure how we could use the overlay for that but we will experiment.
Running Tridef 3D in passive mode instead of Shutter Glasses the strangest thing I've discovered is that the same FPS feels faster.
3dVision shutter glasses in surround with 400/500 series (it had to be SLI for surround to work with reference boards) according to simracers had stutter.
But that was fixed using .ini configs that PC racing simulators had documented for quite some time.
Those .ini configs, years later I discovered, lead to the same results as nVidia's smoothing techniques.
This is a 2005 racing simulator:
Render Once Per VSync="0"
Max Framerate="0.00000"
Steady Framerate Thresh="0.00000"
Flush Previous Frame="0"
Synchronize Frame="1.00000"
Delay Video Swap="0"
Hey Bystander! Long time no talk to. Hope you are doing good!
I second the 3d testing please. I'm running 3d vision surround with Titan SLI and would love to see frame time effects with 3d enabled. To me 3d with Lightboost is much smoother than non-Lightboost so I believe the display used will affect your perceived stutter also.
Hey Bystander! Long time no talk to. Hope you are doing good!
I second the 3d testing please. I'm running 3d vision surround with Titan SLI and would love to see frame time effects with 3d enabled. To me 3d with Lightboost is much smoother than non-Lightboost so I believe the display used will affect your perceived stutter also.
Hey Bystander! Long time no talk to. Hope you are doing good!
I second the 3d testing please. I'm running 3d vision surround with Titan SLI and would love to see frame time effects with 3d enabled. To me 3d with Lightboost is much smoother than non-Lightboost so I believe the display used will affect your perceived stutter also.
I think most of us understand that 2x 7970s aren't the same as the upcoming 7990, but we appreciate that Ryan and his team used what is available currently from AMD as a comparison to Nvidia's high end solutions.
Thanks for the review!
Guys, please keep the trashy, immature comments to your selves.
Yes, but the article is deviously worded to portray the unreleased 7990 in a bad light. It's true the 7970x2 may be pretty bad, but that should be talked as it is, not trying to portray an unreleased card in a bad fashion!
I'm curious, have you considered using a dual socket LGA-2011 with 128GB of RAM for RAMDisk as a temporary storage for the capture system?
Obviously such write speeds aren't needed right now, but should a capture card capable of 4k@60Hz or 1600p@120Hz ever be made, then it might be cheaper to use a RAMDisk than to buy the entrepise SSDs that would be needed to capture at such speeds.
PCPER still shilling hard for nvidia. 7990 isn't even released and he is 'reviewing' it here by using two 7970s.. what a joke this site is.
Without knowing what the 7990 actually has on board or what the drivers will be like for it, he is 'reviewing' it now and using the 7990 name. Never mind that the 7990 is using two of the new Malta cores, not the Tahiti cores in the 7970.
You're a joke, dude. Shill harder for nvidia why don't you. When is the next nvidia card release where you'll once again have their PR man and yourself shilling away in your live stream (free nvidia advert)
Same guy who was releasing information using nvidia's toolset without disclosing everything was being done with the help of nvidia. While decent review sites didn't do anything until they first came out and said the tools are from nvidia.
PCPER is a worthless nvidia shill site.
The 7990 is 2 7970 GPU's with a PCIe bridge, doesn't sound too different to 2 7970's on different PCIe slots
Yeah, the 7990 is just two 7970 GPUs connected via a PCI-E 3.0 bridge chip that then communicates with the system at x16 PCI-E 3.0 speeds. It might show a small improvement in communicating with each other, but it is going to be minimal. The problems that AMD have will require a pretty hefty driver revision to smooth things out.
Cool story, bro.
I was questioning that but as I discover it wouldnt make no difference.
And PCPER never backed nVidia in the articles Ive read.
I had AMD 6900 and nVidia 570 and Frame Limiter + Adaptive vSync or x-buffering eliminates stutter in the racesims I play to experience the same as with nVidia 500.
But as PCPER says: although available solution (with Radeonpro) this is NOT AMD's control panel option and is not supported by AMD.
The maker of msiafterburner and evga precision has written the fcat type color bars into the new releases.
The problem for you is amd is fail, and the new evidence is unassailable.
The last cry of the dying, lying cf breed, total annihilation is moments away.
None of us will be awaiting your certainly never forthcoming apology, I however will be enjoying your delicious tears, as the full implications of total epic CF amd fail sinks home into the thick, biased, crank of amd fanboy water carrying bloated skull.
You may buy the newly released book at online shops everywhere:
: "Death of the amd fanboy"
The lies, the fantasies, the obstinate denial, years in the stuttering darkness, and the gruesome ending when full exposure and half the frame rate ripped their living guts out. Delicious amd fanboy tears ending. Don't miss it !
Ryan and Josh are doing a pretty damn fine job at deleting EVERY single comment related to JonnyGuru people.
That should tell you about their psyche.
The bit I don't understand is why the crossfire configuration doesn't have any problems in....I think it was Dirt 3.
I mean if this is supposed to be something that is fundamentally broken in crossfire it should be the same in ALL games.....so whats going on differently??
My theory is it does not happen as often when the CPU is more of the bottleneck in the game.
It certainly would be a good thing to test.
Isnt that where GPUView from Microsoft comes into play. That seams to be a better tool then this is.
Nvidia FCAT grabs the information overlay at the point where Fraps take it at the beginning of the pipeline and merges it to the Frame output at the end of the pipeline.
Its supplying two pieces of information at different points of the pipeline and presenting them as one.
Thats an odd way of measuring things to say the least. Especially if your discounting what goes on in the middle.
Wow people can be assholes huh? Anyway great job Ryan!!!
Loving the framerating reviews in comparison with standard benchmark based testing (Which clearly still has its place)
It's like the difference between testing a car on a rolling road and taking it for a thorough test drive.
Well done to all the team.
Ryan...if your theory is correct that this problem only occurs with crossfire when the gpu is the primary bottle neck...then this should be very easy to test out just by dropping the graphics settings/resolution and seeing if it goes away? I'm sure you've already thought of doing this.
Cheers...I'm off now to see if granny has learned to suck eggs....lol
Or visa versa use dirt 3 and drop the cpu clock speed and see if the runts come back.
EPIC FAIL. Where is Titan SLI comparison?
Not in this article... I don't see how that affects our results at all??
A pair of Titan cards prices out at $2000, not the $1000 that all three of these cards in our comparison today were around.
why is it fail? the point is to compare single gpu frame time vs multi gpu configuration. btw since you want Titan in SLI action why don't you donate one so PCPer can make the test?
Great job Ryan! Kudos to you and PCPer for going through all this testing.
This confirms what I suspected. I have been using ATI/AMD cards in single and xfire configurations for many years and always felt there was something amiss with dual gpus, but could not pinpoint it before now.
The Frame Variance Graph: "...What this does NOT really show are the large hitches in game play seen as the spikes in frame times. Another stutter metric is going to be needed to catch and quantify them directly..."
As an example: If Average FPS (over 60 seconds) is 100, then Total Frames observed over 60 seconds is 6000.
If ONE SINGLE FRAME is above 100ms, then for the y-axis value '100' (milliseconds), the x-axis value will be '99.9983' (percentile), i.e. one minus (1/6000).
If FOUR FRAMES are above 30ms, then for the y-axis value '30' (milliseconds), the x-axis value will be '99.9933' (percentile), i.e. one minus (4/6000).
If TEN FRAMES are above 20ms, then for the y-axis value '20' (milliseconds), the x-axis value will be '99.8333' (percentile), i.e. one minus (10/6000).
Therefore, instead of PERCENTILE on the X-AXIS, you should put NUMBER OF FRAMES on the X-AXIS.
Following our example, for the y-axis value of '100' (ms), the x-axis value will be '1' (frames), for y-axis '30' (ms), the x-axis will be '4' (frames), for y-axis '100' (ms), the x-axis will be '10' (frames), and so on.
EDIT: Therefore, instead of PERCENTILE on the X-AXIS, you should put NUMBER OF FRAMES on the X-AXIS. Following our example, for the y-axis value of '100' (ms), the x-axis value will be '1' (frames), for y-axis '30' (ms), the x-axis will be '4' (frames), for y-axis '20' (ms), the x-axis will be '10' (frames), and so on.
To put it simply: 'NUMBER OF FRAMES WHICH EXCEED THRESHOLD' should be on the X-Axis, and the THRESHOLD (in milliseconds) will be specified by the corresponding Y-Axis value.
Fantastic article Ryan. I think this will be the reference for future benchmarks and keep all GPU manufactures honest! In the podcast you mentioned having uploaded a non you tube video without the compression artifacts of flash and you tube. Is there anywhere i can download the video for the Skyrim comparison?
I think you meant "keep the lying amd con artist CF foobar for years, incapable of getting away with straight out fps lying, by sheer force of facts."
In the case of nVidia, they already gave all of us the benefits of smooth frames for years.
This means of course, all the screaming denials by the amd fanboys and websites have been utter and total crap, for years on end.
I said so, and was attacked relentlessly.
Delicious amd fanboy tears, years of raging failure, total VINDICATION.
Battlefield 4 running at 60FPS, 3K resolution on an AMD Radeon 7990.
What does that video have anything to do with this article?
According to the auther 7970x2 is bad, yet they are playing nicely!
I still see some very little hiccups throughout the video. Not saying it can't be acceptable for anyone, but there are people, who would like better fluidity than this.
I still see some very little hiccups throughout the video. Not saying it can't be acceptable for anyone, but there are people, who would like better fluidity than this.
AMD: 13.2 beta 7????
Catalyst 13.2 Beta 7 is from 2/26/2013
The latest drivers are Catalyst 13.3 Beta3, dated 3/20/2013
As said a few times, it takes time to do all the data collecting, analysis, graphs and write an article. They used the most up to date drivers when they started the benchmarking.
Do you think this stuff is done instantly?
But this, οf сourse," you'd only be partly correct. One Missed ShotIn the beginning, it's common to miss a lot of ground to cover. Remember to give your class a reward. We get into the caves. Some people own swamp buying used cars with bad credits as a form of outdoors competition for the working line. 4mpg and if you want the wheels to look sporty, classy, or clean. Signal services are usually offered on a monthly basis.
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Honestly running RadeonPro with DFC and vsync fixs most of these games. I have played sleeping dogs at 60fps and it was glass smooth with RP. Most of the CFX problems are without vsync on - which in my opinion is not an option. So i've never had these so called runt frames affecting my gaming by default. I'm playing crysis 3 atm with radeon pro DFC and vsync and its pure smoothness. Sure the current drivers are a problem for people who game without vsync but i don't see why anybody would game without vsync.
Its interesting they recommend people not to buy AMD cards just because they can't be bothered to run a 3rd party app. Try suggesting things to fix the issue rather would help gamers more.
That wouldn't please the sponsor (nvidia).
Well, then, we need a totally new set of benchmarks for the past year plus, where 60FPS with vsync on is the bench, and either it does at the settings or it doesn't.
That means scrapping every single claim 7970 cf overclocked or whatever has higher fps, just throw ALL OF IT OUT FOREVER.
Thanks for "the solution", and you're welcome for the "implications of your solution" mr amd fan boy.
All the AMD fanboys are pissed. Oh no.
which put you in the same category.. a fan boy :|
Noticing the lying liars and their rager reactionary scunge brains borging out about the calamity of their full facepalm after YEARS of hearing them scream two amd crossfire For The Win !!!!!! does not a fanboy maketh.
which put you in the same category.. a fan boy :|
As I said at Techreport, when it comes to single GPU, framerates are all that matter on most occasions, so don't be put off buying a 7870/7950/7970 because of XF results.
I have a single 7950 and it's killer
That's fine but all those years of squacking future proof and buy one amd card now because in the near future you can go with CF and have a huge boost when you need it....
BLAH BLAH BLAH BLAH BLAH is what those endless YEARS of amd justifications now mean.
I tell you one thing, I noticed a year ago how some of these websites started shying away from dual card recommendations, which of course means they all had the info and inkling on this problem with amd crossfire, and no doubt nVidia was hammering their little eardrums and deep down inside they knew - not to mention when one of the did talk, they posted how CF failed in no less than 50% of the popular games they were using in their testing suites... it became IMPOSSIBLE to recommend CF with a clear conscience, but the fanboy in them made certain they included SLI in the "do not recommend" category as well.
This is what I saw develop, and there is no doubt why it went that way. When the crap underdog card is failing miserably but the cover is still not blown, make ceratin to cut down the competition, too, that way, you never really fully recommended the failing dirty amd dog double fps lying CF setups...
It's so sad. It's so facepalm. It has made every single site that does reviews look like clueless fools, and in fact, they WERE for YEARS.
Credibility ?
Not so much, so very little. So very, very little.
Damn, I tried registering for the forums and I couldn't do it.
So where is the "3/31: Radeon HD 7950 vs GeForce GTX 660 Ti (Single and Dual GPU)" review?
It is 4/1 and I do not see it up on the site.
Sometimes life does not always cooperate with review release schedules. I should know, I'm the champ when it comes to that!
Nvidia looks good under frame rating with either single GPU or multi-GPU. How does Nvidia do with Physx enabled?
Just wondering...
Ryan, thank you so much for bringing this issue to light!
I have an Xfire-7970 setup and because of your research, AMD will have no choice but to remedy this problem (eventually).
Thank you, your hard work is greatly appreciated.
Ryan thanks for the very detailed reviews.
I for one would also like to see "Frame Rating" reviews done for all single GPUs, both discrete and integrated. That includes AMD APUs, Intel's HD series, Nvidia's Optimus, AMD's Endora. Laptop & Desktop both Single GPU and/or CF/SLI.
Since we can now see that Fraps numbers can be suspect and that drivers/implementation can result in runts/missing frames I want to see if any of the above mentioned systems result in lower actual FPS than the Fraps number shows.
Amazing work Ryan. Much appreciated. PCper is now my #1 site for hardare reviews. Can you possibly show Titan SLI frame times in the future. Thanks bud.
Where is the next part?
3/31: Radeon HD 7950 vs GeForce GTX 660 Ti (Single and Dual GPU)
At the Skyrim game. Fraps FPS and observed FPS equal for AMD radeon cars! however of frame time variance. How can we explaining that situation? Skyrim used DX9.0! is answer it?
It seems to AMDs drivers problem at the only on the DX10-DX11
In the meantime, I am using gtx690 in my system.I was just wondering cause of the problem.
Great article guys! I hope AMD is watching and are doing all they can to fix this issue that has been known for years.
I am amazed how many ignorant people actually post in this discussion. It seems that even hard facts aren't good enough for some dumb people. :|
I prefer AMD cards (Though I run a GTX670 at the moment) and hope they fix this ASAP.
I would have thought for sure this article
was going to be testing the ASUS ARES II or the Powercolor Devil 13, to see if there's a diffidence between CF & single board Dual GPU's.
because we already know clearly how 2 7970 would perform in CF.
AMD gets OWNED. That's why the nvidia prices are so high, too high. Gives a break Nvidia!
Don't forget the 10% IQ cheat AMD introduced with their 10.10 catalyst and initial 6000 series cards, porting it back to all of the 5000 series.
We don't hear about that because it's still ongoing.
So we have the up to 10% IQ cheating, now add in the 100% cf frame rate cheating... what are we up to in terms of percentage of fps epic fail by amd ?
Who even wants to say, it's so humiliating.
I just read the ENTIRE thread, 33 pages, at Overclock:
The amd fanboys are in TOTAL DENIAL, and there are 2 posters who actually read the articles or gave themselves clue one by studying just a bit.
The ENTIRE 33 pages of comments there has not ONE, I repeat NOT ONE comment that points out in CF in the game they are moaning about that EVERY OTHER FRAME WAS ENTIRELY DROPPED FROM THE END USER SCREEN.
So there you have it - the fanboy brain wins out over all other facts, including the often tried and true massive ignorance, total lack of reading, completely ignorant BLISS accompanied by the raging radeon fanboy screed "It just can't be!"
So their tinfoil DUNCE caps are lofted upon their heads in FULL SPLENDOR. It is absolutely amazing.
It also appears that just one commenter on the entire 33 pages had any inkling that the frames presented to the gamer were ALL CAPTURED in real time, and could be gone through manually frame by frame by frame SO THAT NO OVERLAY FCAT CREATED BY NVIDIA COULD BE A BIAS ISSUE !
So expect, I'd say, about 5 or 10 YEARS before the amd fanboys finally admit runt and dropped frames ever even happened, and 5 or 10 years from now they will repeat the current refrain: " AMD driver problems are a thing of the past and the drivers are equal with nVidia, whose had problems too ! > ...link....(from 5 years ago).
Just remember people, the average human is a C grade, and half the people are DUMBER THAN THAT !
So you have to spell it out EXPLICITLY to them, directly, in simple retard friendly terms... then explain how their conspiracy theory about it's all one big lie is not actually possible, because there are things called FACTS.
AMD was DROPPING EVERY OTHER FRAME IN CROSSFIRE IN SOME GAMES. THAT MEANS THAT FRAPS FPS WAS 100% TOO HIGH! CUT IT IN HALF, YOU HAVE THE EQUIVALENT OF "JUST ONE CARD".
If you are a low C, or below that, or a B, or claim to be an A student, who cares, the amd fanboy in you will win out over all the collective intelligent consciousness in the entire multiverse.
Hey, calm down ... you're going to need new keyboard too soon.
Hey, calm down ... you're going to need new keyboard too soon.
And reading 33 pages? You must have been very angry boy.
For the experienced diver - the deep sites with their strong currents and huge fish make are clear favorites.
Who needs that stupid overload of eating tools on a western restaurant
table which only serves to confuse and embarrass the uninitiated and succeeds to seriously annoy me.
When arriving there it can seem like a bit of a culture shock,
if you've never been to Asia before you will be amazed by the craziness of
the city.
Also visit my website: khao yai day tour
Thank you ryan, groundbreaking work !
If I had a pound for every time some one told me that the latest AMD driver fixes everything I would be a millionaire.
Funny really as it's impossible to believe when you have AMD cards shoved in your system yet some one doesn't seem to spot all of the issues.
So this is the cave where nVidia fanboys sleep?
I just love how many fine young crossfire combos owners come here and in such a polite way tell us story about all their many many years long unsolved issues with their expensive, totally useless gfx configs.....I don't know should I laugh when sucha nicely mannered "AMD owners" don't react in more believable way to all this bashing from green side. Amuzing masquerade. Many red masks with green smiles underneath.
Don't worry about the negative and bias comments.
Thank you for this great review, it has opened my eyes to the cause of these problems. And hopefully a new way to review all Graphics cards in future, instead of just looking at the highest FPS numbers.
I have always thought smooth experience is better than a fast (high FPS) and choppy visual gameplay.
Hopefully AMD and Nvidia will consider these issues in there next GPU and or driver releases now it has been exposed, rather than targeting figures. This means a better gameplay experience for the consumer.
Thank you and Keep up the good work.
Don't worry about the negative and bias comments.
Thank you for this great review, it has opened my eyes to the cause of these problems. And hopefully a new way to review all Graphics cards in future, instead of just looking at the highest FPS numbers.
I have always thought smooth experience is better than a fast (high FPS) and choppy visual gameplay.
Hopefully AMD and Nvidia will consider these issues in there next GPU and or driver releases now it has been exposed, rather than targeting figures. This means a better gameplay experience for the consumer.
Thank you and Keep up the good work.
I think that instead of the percentile curve you could reach a more meaningful result using a derived curve(of the frametime curve).
Let's say that the average is 60 fps.
Now let's say that 20 percent of the frames are 25 ms(40fps).
The difference is how these 25 ms values are spread in the curve. If they are all together or if they are alternated to 17 ms ones, forming saw-like shape in the curve.
You will not have the same feeling stutter-wise
What i want to say is that the percentile graph is not appropriate for the kind of analysis that you are doing. You should use a derived curve since deriving a function measures how quickly a curve grows (negatively or positively) and this is not measured by the percentile grows. After this you could measure the area of this curve and you could also arrive to use one only number to measure the amount of stutter.Infact in this way you would bring out of the equation the part of the frametime curve that is below the average but that runs steadily.
Calculating the area of a very saw-like derived frametime curve you would obtain a high number whereas calculating the area of a smooth (even if variating) derived frametime curve you would get a very low number. This would tell you how smooth are transitions, not if the gpu is powerful enough to make the game playable. For this you should check the average fps.
So in the end if you got decent fps and very low value for the area of this function you got a great experience,
if oyu got decent fps but high derived func area value then you got stutterish experience.
If you got low fps and low value you got a underdimensioned gpu but good smoothness.
I think that instead of the percentile curve you could reach a more meaningful result using a derived curve(of the frametime curve).
Let's say that the average is 60 fps.
Now let's say that 20 percent of the frames are 25 ms(40fps).
The difference is how these 25 ms values are spread in the curve. If they are all together or if they are alternated to 17 ms ones, forming saw-like shape in the curve.
You will not have the same feeling stutter-wise (and here i am not saying anything new)
What i want to say is that the percentile graph is not appropriate for the kind of analysis that you are doing. You should use a derived curve since deriving a function measures how quickly a curve grows (negatively or positively) and this is not measured by the percentile curve. After this you could measure the area of this curve and you could also arrive to use one only number to measure the amount of stutter.Infact in this way you would bring out of the equation the part of the frametime curve that is below the average but that runs steadily(something that with percentile curve you cant do).
Calculating the area of the derivation of a very saw-like frametime curve you would obtain a high number whereas calculating the area of the derivation ofa smooth (even if variating) frametime curve you would get a very low number. This would tell you how smooth are transitions, not if the gpu is powerful enough to make the game playable. For this you should check the average fps.
So in the end if you got decent fps and very low value for the area of this function you got a great experience,
if oyu got decent fps but high derived func area value then you got stutterish experience.
If you got low fps and low value you got a underdimensioned gpu but good smoothness.
EDITED :I made some corrections to the post i previously wrote since it is not possible to edit it
Quick Google "geforce frame metering" and you will find out why the nVi cards rarely have runt frames. In fact, nVi cards DO have them. They just delays those frames a bit to match with other good frames' speed, therefore the frame time chart looks good miraculously.
That's nVidia, it's meant to SELL, at crazy pricetags of course.
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Kevin Kareckas, who came to Wheelock disliking math and science, now has a double major in elementary education and math and science and received a Foukal Award for Achievement in Math and Science.
"I liked the professors and their way of teaching science and math so much that by the end of my first year, I wanted more and more."
He plans to get a master's in special education "because there is such a need in the schools" and will teach—science.


text:
Animal Rescues Denied; SPCA Contract Controversy Continues
FRESNO, Calif. (KMPH) —
Local rescue workers tell KMPH News that the Central California SPCA is still refusing to let them rescue animals on death row.
The controversy began a few weeks ago when the SPCA issued a contract to local rescues, forcing them to agree to about a dozen stipulations, or no longer be allowed to rescue animals from the shelter.
Since last Friday, when the contract went into effect, rescue workers have tried to pull animals from the shelter only to be denied. They also presented the SPCA with a revised contract, but have yet to receive a response from the SPCA.
Rescue groups say they save about 3,000 dogs and cats from the Central California SPCA every year.


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New Delhi, July 22 (UNI) Three of BJP members of Parliament whose participation in the voting on the confidence motion, was in doubt on health grounds have reached the capital to cast their crucial votes.
While Bikaner MP Dharmendra who had been recuperating in Los Angeles after a knee surgery reached here yesterday, Harishandra Chavan, MP from Malegoan in Maharashtra was rushed in from Nashik in an air-ambulance late last night. He was seriously injured in an accident and has been bedridden for over a month.
MP from Gujarat Mahesh Kanodia, a popular singer, who recently underwent open heart surgery, is also in the city.
Only D C Srikantappa, who represents the Chikmagalur constituency of Karnataka, has not turned up. He had undergone a hip surgery after a fall in his bathroom and had informed the party high command that he would not be able to vote.
The party has sought permission from the Speaker to allow its ailing members to cast their votes from parliament lobby.
BJP veteran Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who has not been keeping well for the past few months will be casting his vote in the Parliament lobby, party sources said.


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The policy number consists of nine digits and can be found at the right hand side of the first premium receipt of your policy document.
This is a unique identification number that distinguishes your policies from other policies and will remain unchanged throughout the lifetime of the policy.
Remember to quote the policy number every time in your correspondence, as it helps us to locate your records for reference.
Whereas, the client ID consists of ten digits, which is located at the left hand side of the first premium receipt of your policy document. This ID remains unique if you have more than one policy with us.
This provides an alternative to your policy number. Easy to remember one client ID, if you have more than one policy number.
Kindly make a thorough search before concluding that you have lost the policy document. Look for the same within your residence, among your investment papers, at your office and even with your agent to whom you might have entrusted the document for some reason.
It could have been even pledged with us/any other financial institution for availing a loan by you. We retain the policy document when you go in for a loan against the policy. Make sure that the document you are searching is not one that has already been assigned to us, or to another financial institution.
If the policy document is partially destroyed due to natural causes like, fire, flood, etc, the remaining portion may be returned as evidence of loss of policy to us, while applying for a duplicate policy.
In case you are sure that the policy document is untraceable due to unknown causes, there is a simple procedure to comply with while applying for the duplicate policy at the branch that services your policy. You may submit an Indemnity bond executed on a stamp paper of Rs. 500 if you reside within Maharashtra or Rs. 200 if you reside outside of Maharashtra. The stamp paper needs to be duly signed by you (policy owner) along with the below requirements.
• Self-attested Address proof (validity 6 months), also to be attested by BSLI authorized signatory.
• Self-attested Identity proof also to be attested by BSLI authorized signatory.
Your address is very important for us. Without your latest address we would not be in a position to contact you for any service offering. We would not like to keep any benefit that is due to you pending for want of this very important information. Whenever you shift residences, please inform the new address to us. Otherwise any communication we send to you, like premium notices, discharge vouchers for maturity and survival benefits etc., will get delayed in reaching you
To change your address, you may submit a Policy service request form to any of our branches, along with the below requirements;
• Self-attested Address proof (validity 6 months), also to be attested by BSLI authorized signatory.
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You can update your contact numbers and email addresses on our website using your CIP / TPIN.
Do let us know in case of any change of name by providing a copy of the gazette notification or a copy of the marriage certificate in case of change in name due to marriage. For all other request with significant name change, a copy of the gazette notification is required. Certified true copy (ies) of the supporting document should also be enclosed.
In case of a correction in name, please enclose a copy of any of the following:
• Passport
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You may submit a Policy service request form to any of our branches along with the above stated requirement(s).
Nomination enables speedy processing of claims ensuring that your loved ones get hassle free-access to the policy benefits in their hour of need.
Nominee is possible where owner and insured is the same person.
You may nominate more than one person under a policy; however percentage wise nomination is permitted. You may also change/add nominees anytime during the tenure of the policy.
A minor can be nominated, however for all such nomination an appointee who is a Major need to be appointed.
Click here for the Nomination form to be used for fresh/addition/change of nominee. The form should be completely filled in all respects.
Assignment is a means whereby the beneficial interest, rights and title under a policy get transferred from assignor to assignee. Insurance Act, 1938 recognizes only one mode of transfer of ownership of an insurance policy i.e., assignment under Section 38 of the Act.
Assignor is the policy owner who transfers the title of the policy and assignee is the person who derives the title to the policy from the assignor.
To assign the policy you can fill the Assignment form and submit to any of our branches along with the below requirements.
Original Policy contract/document
• Photograph of the proposes/new policy owner Not required in case of assignment to banks/Financial Institutions for loan.
Note: In case of assignment to banks /Financial Institutions for loan the following documents are required;
Identity Proof
• Passport
• PAN card
• Voter's Identity card
• Driving license
• Letter from any recognised public authority or public servant verifying the identity and residence of the customer
Residence Proof (last 3 months)
• Telephone bill
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• Letter from any recognized public authority.
Income Proof (only in case of the total annual premium contribution for all the policies attached to the assignee id is Rs. 1 Lakh or above. Policies where assignee is owner and payee or just payee need to be considered for this calculation).
Yes, you need to fill up the Deed of Relinquishment form along with the below mentioned requirement/s;
• Change in ownership form
• Deed of relinquishment DOR should be notarized on a Rs.200 stamp paper
• Death certificate
• Photograph of the proposed policy owner
• Proof of identity of the proposed policy owner
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• Proof of Income of the proposed owner.
Note: The income proof is required only in case of the total annual premium contribution for all the policies attached to the assignee id is Rs. 1 Lakh or above. Policies where assignee is owner and payee or just payee need to be considered for this calculation.
Remember to pay your premium in time i.e. on the due date mentioned in the policy document. Birla Sun Life Insurance sends renewal notice one month prior to your due date. However there may be postal delays / issues leading to non receipt / delay in receipt of renewal notice.
In case you have not paid the premium within the due date there is still time for you to make the payments without payment of interest on the premium. This period is called the grace period.
The grace period for policies where the premium payment mode is monthly is 15 days from the due date. (For plans issued from September 01, 2010)
The grace period for policies where the premium payment mode is quarterly, half-yearly or yearly is one month but not less than 30 days.
Online payment - Make an online payment on our website - www.birlasunlife.com.
ECS / Direct Debit – Make regular premium payment debit from your bank account by registering for ECS / Direct Debit. To download the form Click here.
Direct Debit from credit card – Enroll your credit card and avail the benefit of SIP. To download the form Click here.
Branch Office - You can pay your premiums at our branch by cheque or cash.
Bill Junction / Bill Desk – You can also authorize your premium payments online through Bill Desk / Bill Junction.
NEFT - NEFT is a secure way of making premium payment on the bank's website.
Activating the ECS facility is a one-time activity. The policyholder should fill up the Auto Debit Form and get it verified and certified by the Bank where the Bank Account is maintained. The Mandate form should be sent to the nearest BSLI branch with an original cancelled cheque.
It takes 30 days for the first time.
• What does this service cost me?
It costs nothing. This service is free of charge
• When will the premium amount get debited?
Premium amount will get debited on the due date. If the due date falls on a holiday, the same will get debited a day or two after the date depending upon on the RBI cycle.
• Do I get the receipt for my auto premium payments?
Yes. A Tax certificate detailing all the premiums received in the financial year will be sent to you in the last quarter of that financial year.
• Can I cancel this facility if once availed?
Yes. You can cancel this facility at any time but we must receive the request / letter for cancellation two weeks prior to the due date.
A policy lapses when the policy holder fails to pay the premium even within the grace period. In this case, the policy loses all its benefits.
You may revive the policy depending upon when you approach us for revival of the policy Less than 180 days of lapsation Amount as Per Reinstatement Quotation
Between 181 to 365 days of lapsation Amount as Per Reinstatement Quotation
Certificate of Insurability Duly filled and signed
Note: Further requirements can be called
Between 366 to 730 days of lapsation Amount as Per Reinstatement Quotation
Medicals depending upon the Sum at Risk
Note: Rs. 100/- per revival is charges and reserve the rights to increase this charge at any time in the future, subject to a maximum of Rs. 1000/- per revival.
The feature of Change in frequency is allowed and varies from product to product. For more details on the applicability for your policy, you are requested to refer to your policy contract.
The requirements for Change in frequency are as under: Update the new frequency on our website using your CIP/TPIN.
Policy service request form duly signed by the policy owner.
Call on the call centre to take the request for change of frequency.
Note: If mode of the policy needs to be changed to Monthly, then the method should be ECS, Direct Debit or Credit Card.
Yes you may increase the sum assured (plan specific) by submitting following things A Letter written and signed by the Policy owner. Fresh Application copy Premium amount All medical and other applicable underwriting requirements.
Yes you may decrease the sum assured (plan specific) by submitting following things
A Letter written and signed by the Policy owner.
Original policy document.
Note: The reduction in sum assured will be effective the next policy monthiversary date coinciding with or immediately following the date of receipt of the above requirements. Eg: In case policy issue date is 24/01/2009, then 24th of every month is referred to as monthiversary.
Yes you may add any rider (plan specific) by submitting following things
• A Letter written and signed by the Policy owner.
• Illustration
• Rider Premium
• Certificate of insurability
• Rider can be added only after completion of the first Policy year.
• Rider cannot be added if life insured is minor
• Riders are not allowed for NRI customers
• Addition of rider is subject to Underwriting decision
Payouts refer to Availing loan on your policy, Partial withdrawal from your policy or Surrender/Closure of your policy.
You may take a loan against your policy once it has acquired a surrender value. Please refer to your Policy document for details minimum and maximum loan. We shall charge interest on the outstanding loan balance at a rate declared by us from time to time based on then prevailing market conditions.
Partial withdrawal of a policy implies withdrawal of only a part of the funds of your policy. The applicable norms for partial withdrawal may differ for every product. Please refer policy document for details.
When the policy term is complete, you can avail the maturity benefits.
For Non Pension Policies you can also transfer your maturity proceeds towards the initial premium of a new policy.
For Pension Policies you can also transfer 1/3rd of your vesting benefit amount towards the initial premium of a new policy.
You may submit a Payout form(for Loan, Withdrawal and Maturity) or Policy Cancellation form (for Surrender) for availing payouts.
Please ensure that below requirements are met for availing payouts;
• Duly filled Payout/Cancellation form.
• Original policy document (except in case of Withdrawal).
• KYC (In case of any change in address).
• Self attested valid photo ID proof signed by authorized BSLI personnel.
• Original cancelled cheque with pre-printed name and account number or
• Bank passbook/statement with pre-printed name and account number duly attested by authorized BSLI personnel.
Note - 1: In case the payout request is submitted by any person other than the policy owner, the photo id proof of that person is also required.
Note - 2: Direct transfer/ RTGS not available for NRE accounts. If the customer needs to deposit the cheque into his NRE account then he should provide a letter from the bank / copy of bank statement to prove that the payment towards premiums have been done through a NRE account to enable us to issue a repatriation letter.
A switch will enable you to shift the existing units of your unit-linked policy into a new fund and will not change your future premium allocation. A premium redirection will enable you to change your allocation for all the future premiums of your policy. However, your existing units will not be shifted into a new fund.
To switch or redirect or both you may;
Update the fund details on our website using your CIP/TPIN
Switch form duly signed by the policy owner.
Call on the call centre to take the request for change of fund details.
The Net Asset Value (NAV) is applicable at the time of valuation/purchase. It is calculated as the value on the day you make a transaction request (provided it is a working day).
Top Up premium is the additional amount/s paid by you within a policy year over and above the annual policy premium. The Top Up premium can be paid along with the Top Up at any of our branches.
Please refer to your Policy document for details on charges/minimum and maximum amount of Top Ups.
Top up premium shall have a lock in period of three years (for plans issued prior September 01, 2010) and five years (for plans issued on or after September 01, 2010) from the date of payment of that top up premium.
Top ups are not allowed during the last three years (for plans issued prior September 01, 2010) and five years (for plans issued on or after September 01, 2010) of the policy contract.
Any advance premium which is received over and above the annual premium is termed as annual premium.
Advance premium will be invested in the funds only when the premium is due and at the then prevailing rates.
Tax benefit under section 80C under Income Tax Act 1961 will be applicable only in the year of premium payment.
Your Policy number will be sent on your registered mobile number and email id.
Every policy is taken for different types of needs; therefore the conditions for your policy will vary according to the Plan and Term of the policy.
Policy document consist of a. Your Personal Details, b. First Premium Receipt and c. Your Policy Details. Hence it is important that you read the policy document and understand the policy conditions. The details like annual premium for your policy, the premium payment term and the term of the policy, the maturity date of the policy, the maturity value of the policy are mentioned in the policy document's' Your Policy Details' page.
The policy features are stated in the policy value provisions. Request you to refer to the policy value provisions depending upon your requirement you may avail the features offered.
For Unit-linked (ULIP) products, Service Tax is payable on all the charges applicable towards your policies.
For Traditional Endowment, Health and Term Insurance products, Service Tax is applied on the total premium.
The following are the broad benefits of holding Insurance Policies in electronic form:
a) Safety: There is no risk of loss or damage of a policy as is common with paper policies; the electronic form ensures that the policies are in safe custody and can be easily accessed whenever and wherever needed. A copy of the policy can be downloaded at any time by accessing the e-Insurance account.
b) Convenience: All insurance policies, be it life, pension, health or general, can be electronically held under a single e-Insurance account. This means all details of all policies are available in a single account (place). The details of any of the policies can be accessed at any time by logging on to the online portal of Insurance Repository.
c) Single Point of Service: Service requests in respect of e-Insurance account or any of the electronic policy can be submitted at any of Insurance Repository's service points. A single request can sometimes cater to the requirements of several Insurers. As an illustration, a single change of address request made to the Insurance Repository can update the policies issued by multiple Insurers. There would be no need to go to several offices of individual Insurers for service.
d) Less Paper work and savings in time: An e-Insurance account holder is freed from the trouble of submitting KYC details each time a new policy is taken. Further, any changes in personal details like address or contact number can be effected through a single request thus saving on paper and time.
e) Statement of Account: At least once every year, the Insurance repository would send a statement of account to the e–Insurance account holder with the details of the policies of the account holder.
f) Payment Options: Premium for all the policies can be paid online and several service requests can be logged from the e-Insurance account.
g) Increased number of service touch points: Since, the Insurance repositories function in addition to the Insurers, the policyholders will have increased number of touch points for having their servicing needs attended.
h) Easy payout transfers: Policy benefits would be paid through electronic facility to the registered bank account, thus ensuring speedier and convenient settlement.
i) Single view: Single view of all policies will be made available to an authorized person in case of death of the e-Insurance account holder.
At your request you are about to gain access to third party services on our website.
Please read and agree with the disclaimer before proceeding further.This to inform you that by clicking on
you will be accessing a web application operated by a third party namely MapMyIndia.
Such content is provided only for the convenience of the Customers and Birla Sun Life Insurance Company Limited
does not control such websites and these are approximate locations and there may be variations in the accuracy.
The use of such websites would be subject to the terms and conditions of usage as stipulated in such websites
and would take precedence over the terms and conditions of usage of
in case of any conflict between them. Any actions taken or obligations created voluntarily by the
person(s) accessing such websites shall be directly between such person and the owner of such websites and BSLI
shall not be responsible directly or indirectly for such action so taken.
At your request you are about to gain access to third party services on our website.
Please read and agree with the disclaimer before proceeding further.This to inform you that by clicking on
you will be accessing a web application operated by a third party namely MDI India.
Such content is provided only for the convenience of the Customers and Birla Sun Life Insurance Company Limited
does not control such websites and these are approximate locations and there may be variations in the accuracy.
The use of such websites would be subject to the terms and conditions of usage as stipulated in such websites
and would take precedence over the terms and conditions of usage of
in case of any conflict between them. Any actions taken or obligations created voluntarily by the
person(s) accessing such websites shall be directly between such person and the owner of such websites and BSLI
shall not be responsible directly or indirectly for such action so taken.