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A heart transplant takes super strength, especially when you're 4 years old and you just want to put on a cape and fight bad guys. Here's a look at a pint-sized crime fighter whose strength and steely determination are nothing short of inspiring.
Stop over to 4-year-old Charlie McMicken's house, and you just might run into a
super hero. "He just pulls out of his chest depending on what mood he's in. Today he's already been Spiderman, now he's Captain America," says mom Sarah.
Like some comic book characters, behind the mask is a real life super hero, too. "He just is what he is, that heroic persona came out of him as part of him," says Dr. Robert Stewart of the Cleveland Clinic.
Charlie was born with a heart problem called cardiomyopathy. When he was 3 years old, his heart became too weak to pump blood to the rest of his body and he had a stroke.
"At that point it was pretty obvious that he wasn't going to do well with his own heart and we listed him for a transplant," says Dr. Stewart.
For the next 8 months, Charlie would call Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital home. Eventually, his heart shut down completely and he relied on a mechanical device called the Berlin Heart. "That's really doing what the failing left ventricle would be doing; it's pumping blood around, so this increases blood, and therefore the amount of oxygen going to his entire body."
It was hard to miss Charlie on his daily walks with the Berlin Heart - strong and brave to the core. "Here's a kid who's got all of his blood in his body coming out where he can see it, and being pumped back and hooked to this thing the size of a shopping cart. It's amazing to expect that kind of behavior out of a kid, to be able to tolerate something like that."
In June of last year, Charlie finally received some super news: his long-awaited heart transplant. "The second that Dr. Stewart told us that the heart worked and it's beating, that was just awesome to hear," says Sarah.
Now home with his 4 older brothers, it's business as usual for this caped crusader. "He's on the lookout for bad buys, and he'll let me know, or he'll give me a shield or something and say 'this is to protect you, you know, from the bad guys, because I have to go to work.' So he definitely takes care of us," says Sarah.
In true super hero fashion, Charlie will accept Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital's annual Courage Award for being courageous and inspiring others.


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subset: commoncrawl


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I don't claim to be a parenting expert, but as the mother of two great teenagers (allow me to brag for a minute — both have excellent grades and are kind, humble, mature and fun to be around), I would say that my husband and I have done a pretty good job. I believe that all of the choices we have made on behalf of our son and daughter — the schools they attend, how they spend their free time, how we have decorated their rooms — have had an impact on their development.
Neither of our kids has a room filled with toys, video game equipment, lava lamps, basketball hoops or trendy bedding. Instead their rooms are comfortable, tasteful and timeless, partly so that I don't have to redecorate them after every growth spurt, but also because I want their rooms to reflect our family values.
Too often I talk to parents or soon-to-be parents who want to indulge either their own fantasies or those of their kids with gimmicky, impractical designs for their kids' rooms. This is certainly the trend, in part because of reality TV — shows that trick out a boy's room to look like a racetrack pit or a girl's room to look like a three-ring circus complete with a hanging trapeze. To me such rooms are Veruca Salt-like indulgences that are impractical and do nothing to foster good habits. These rooms make me wonder why everything for kids these days has to be so fun? What happened to a quiet place to read, sleep and daydream about being at a racetrack or in a circus?
Lest I sound schoolmarmish, my kids are not living in prison barracks. The trick has been to allow them to have some personal expression at the same time that I exercise parental control. Here are some of the decorating rules that I followed in doing their rooms. They just so happen to be my parenting rules, too:
Provide edited options
I remember one summer when my mother decided to redecorate me and my siblings' bedrooms. We were all headed to sleep-away camp, so it was an opportune time to paint and purge (old toys and clothes are more easily sorted when kids are away).
Before we left, my mother asked us each what color we wanted our rooms to be. My brother requested that his room be painted purple and orange — not attractive wall colors even in the late '70s. Thankfully, my mother did not indulge his preferences, but instead painted the room a neutral color so that he could have whatever color bedding and accessories he wanted. I can't remember whether my brother was disappointed, but in hindsight, my mother would have been better off giving him a small selection — say, three colors to choose from. To hand him a 3,000-plus paint chip deck was too overwhelming.
You need to present kids with edited choices. This precept applies to more than picking paint colors. The next time you ask your kids what they want for dinner or which book they want you to read, give them only a couple of options to choose from. This way you have some control over the outcome and they feel as if they have had a say.
For my own kids, I took a page out of my mother's book and painted their rooms in neutral tones.
My daughter's room is beige (a lightened version of Benjamin Moore's Seapearl) with white woodwork (Benjamin Moore's Decorator White in semi-gloss) and a pale blue ceiling (Farrow & Ball's Borrowed Light in a flat finish). I also used the light blue on the inset panel of her closet doors, just to add some visual interest.
That paint job was 16 years ago, and I have had no need to change it because it has grown with her. She can easily swap out accessories and bedding without having them clash.
My son's walls and trim are his favorite color: green. I gave him a few choices, and he settled on a cozy Army green (Benjamin Moore's Tate Olive), an adaptable shade that goes with almost everything.
Be flexible
One of the biggest similarities between parenting and decorating your kid's room is the need to remain flexible. Just as your kid's sleep schedule can change in one night, so can his or her obsession with the character du jour, which is why I urge parents to think twice before investing in the full "Monsters, Inc." ensemble.
It is far better to keep your kid's room neutral — not just in palette, but also in pattern. Avoid the themed bedding, hand-painted wall murals and character-shaped rug. Kids do not have your experience and hindsight to know that their tastes and preferences can change as quickly as their shoe size. It's fine to indulge them with several Thomas the Tank Engine books, a Spider-Man wall decal or a Dora stuffed toy, but to go the full monty is a waste of money and too indulgent.
Building blocks and freedom
Kids need a few basic items in their rooms: a bed, a bedside table, a rug, a desk, a desk chair, a reading light, a bookshelf and, if it fits, a comfortable chair. I have learned never to pick anything that is too precious.
I like to use solution-dyed acrylic fabrics for upholstery, and I favor washable rugs (my favorites are the cotton striped area rugs from Dash & Albert because they come in a variety of colors and are comfortable enough to roll around). I never invested in toddler beds or changing tables. Instead I bought twin beds from the get-go and put a changing pad on top of a dresser that we still use to this day (minus the pad!).
Each of my kids has a desk and desk chair, but both of them end up studying on their beds, which seems to be working for them, so I don't force them to change. They both have overhead lights but rely more on reading lights that they can switch off without getting out of bed.
They each have a floor-to-ceiling bookshelf filled with books, which I do believe encourages them to read (experts say that kids who are surrounded with books at home tend to do better in school).
All in all, their rooms are theirs to arrange and use as they see fit, as long as they stay neat (see next rule).
Help them help you
Ask just about any mother (or father) what she wishes for, especially during the back-to-school rush, and she will tell you that she wants to be more organized. No parent wants to yell at the kids to put their laundry in the hamper.
Conversely, kids don't like to be yelled at, and they usually crave order, too — they just don't always know it.
It's up to you to teach by example, which means you need to involve them, not yell at them. I make an effort to put things away after using them, and I encourage my kids to the same.
The trick is to have a consistent place for those things to go; I always remind them of the Mary Poppins-ish motto "a place for everything, and everything in its place."
I outfitted my son's closet with cubbies instead of hanging rods because it is easier for him to stack his T-shirts and jeans than hang them.
When my kids were younger, I installed hooks (mounted low so that they could reach them) on their walls, in their closets and in the bathroom — it takes much less effort to hang something on a hook than it does to hang it on a hanger or fold it. I am not going to say that I never find a pile of clothes on the floor, but the kids eventually get around to picking up after themselves without me yelling at them.
If you start teaching your children to be organized early on, hopefully they will carry on those good habits not only in school but also throughout their lives.


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The weak economy is giving a boost to the Bruce B. Downs Boulevard widening project, and that could bring relief for construction-weary motorists.
The cost of road projects has dropped significantly since the economy went south in 2008, Hillsborough transportation officials say.
The result for Bruce B. Downs: millions in savings that can be spent elsewhere on the project.
When officials bid out phases B and C of the widening — from Palm Springs Boulevard to Pebble Creek Drive — they budgeted $74 million.
But when contractors' bids came back in 2008, officials were astonished. The final price was $32 million less than anticipated.
Instead of plowing the savings back into road work elsewhere, county commissioners directed the money to phase A, from Bearss Avenue to Palm Springs Boulevard.
The savings cover almost the entire first phase's $35 million budget and have pushed it one to two years ahead of schedule.
Work to acquire land and move utilities is ongoing, but construction should start in six months, county spokesman Steve Valdez said.
Construction costs are down across Florida, says Bob Burleson, president of the Florida Transportation Builders Association in Tallahassee.
But unlike the Bruce B. Downs work, which benefited from the economic downturn, most governments that realized savings directed that money back into their capital improvement budgets because they lack the tax revenue to take on major projects.
Burleson estimates that costs for road projects are down 15 percent to 20 percent statewide from five years ago, mostly due to lower labor costs. The industry has shed about 50 percent of its work force since 2008.
"The outlook for the next year or two is not very good," he said. "The DOT is doing a good job putting out work, but local governments are strapped. They just don't have any money."
At least motorists on Bruce B. Downs are benefiting.
Construction on phase A is expected to finish in late 2014, instead of 2015. Phases B and C will end in early 2013. The fourth section, phase D, from Pebble Creek to the county line, hasn't been budgeted.
Anything that accelerates the work schedule is immensely welcome, said landscaper Randy Strain, 49.
Strain said he avoids Bruce B. Downs whenever possible. Between the traffic, detours and near round-the-clock construction, the drive is so frustrating that Strain has turned down jobs rather than travel on Bruce B. Downs.
"Any time I see a job from Tampa Palms, I dread it," he said. "Every day it's a headache and it's like this any time of the day. Just get it done."


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SELLER WILL FINANCE the Best House in Kinnelon! Incredibly, you can buy house for $599K down plus $3999/month.This is the best lakefront property in Kinnelon, the historic Fay House.Incredible privacy --private beach adjoins the property and it's even on a newly converted Dead-End Street. It has majestic lakeside and sunset views, which you can view from 4 separate spacious balconies. Most houses in the area are less than 2000 sq.ft. This house is more than double that. Most houses don't have even a 1/4 acre. This house has almost 4 times that and is surrounded by beach, lake, woods and private beach road. Most of the houses aren't on the lake. This one sits on the best spot on the lake with its own little peninsula. Most of the houses were built to be wooden summer cabins. This is a brick castle.
Listing Courtesy of REALMART REALTY


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Circus Dress Up
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The circus is a fun place where people of all backgrounds can come together for flashy colors, glittering face paint, and sparkling sequins! Dress up this doll as either the illustrious ring leader, or just a silly clown performing in front of the crowd!
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TMP is a leading U.S. manufacturer of barges that transport dry and liquid cargoes on inland waterways. TMP manufactures tank barges that carry petroleum and other refined products, chemicals, fertilizer, ethanol, and other liquid cargoes.
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Using the brand name Nabrico®, TMP provides a full line of deck hardware to the marine industry, including hatches, castings, and winches for towboats and dock facilities.


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Watto's Junk Yard / Re: Top 5 Hotties« on: December 8, 2005, 11:06 PM »
Carmella Decesare. Enough said.
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what about Aayla?
skanky old lady?


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The shuttle is bound for a Sunday rendezvous with the first component of the controversial and costly space station, which was launched earlier by the Russians. The crew of Endeavour will try to attach a connecting passageway to that first piece. "When it happens it will be an engineering, logistical and administrative achievement," says Kluger, "but successfully constructing the station will be the same kind of achievement as sitting on a flagpole or swallowing goldfish." The space station program is eating up scarce space funding, and Kluger maintains the money would be better spent on unmanned space exploration and manned scientific missions beyond Earth's orbit, such as landing on Mars or returning to the Moon. Those liftoffs don't make great photo-ops, but they make terrific science.
Endeavour Blasts Off on Second Try
It takes a lot to dissuade Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. Undeterred by Thursday's scuttled launch of the shuttle Endeavour because of a minor glitch, she returned at 3:35 a.m. Friday to watch the spacecraft blast off from Cape Canaveral. But her public relations presence notwithstanding, the merits of the mission still remain questionable, according to TIME science writer Jeffrey Kluger.


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Healing for the holidays: Church service to address common Christmas hardships
Struggling to find the joy of Christmas? Hard to think of holiday festivities? The holiday season is a difficult time of year for some people, bringing on feelings of sadness, loneliness, grief and despair.
To recognize these relatively common and difficult feelings, Pastor Jerry Bass will be holding a special service at the Perham United Methodist Church at 4 p.m. on Sunday, Dec. 8.
Called "Healing for the Holidays," the service will focus on the reality of "blue Christmases" as Bass encourages the spiritual and emotional shift that comes with inviting the Christ Child once again into our lives.
Through scripture, music and message, he will seek to strengthen all who are finding difficulty at this time of year and to bring a greater realization of and openness to God's Advent gifts of hope, love, joy and peace.


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LIAM Gill will continue his push for higher honours after being reinstated to the Queensland Reds line-up for the Good Friday Super Rugby assignment in Dunedin.
The openside flanker has overcome a knee injury, giving him an opportunity to press his claims for the Wallabies spot vacated by injured star David Pocock.
Reds boss Ewen McKenzie had to make four changes to the side which beat the Bulls in their last start at Suncorp Stadium.
Digby Ioane (knee) and Chris Feauai-Sautia (thigh strain) are both out of the starting XV, replaced by new wing pairing Luke Morahan and Dom Shipperley.
"We've always had the mentality of backing the next guy in line and there is no reason not to be positive or excited about our prospects against the Highlanders," McKenzie said.
Rob Simmons is the fourth change to the side and he will play his first match of the season alongside second-row partner James Horwill.
Reds team to play the Highlanders
1. Greg Holmes
2. James Hanson
3. James Slipper
4. Rob Simmons
5. James Horwill (c)
6. Eddie Quirk
7. Liam Gill
8. Jake Schatz
9. Will Genia (vc)
10. Quade Cooper
11. Luke Morahan
12. Ben Tapuai
13. Anthony Faingaa
14. Dom Shipperley
15. Jono Lance
16. Albert Anae
17. Ben Daley
18. Ed O'Donoghue
19. Jarrad Butler
20. Ben Lucas
21. Aidan Toua
22. Rod Davies
Originally published as Gill cleared for Reds return


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Last Friday, Andre Santos just couldn't wait to get to practice and prepare for the start of the 2012-13 Premier League season.
The Arsenal fullback was so excited, he drove his car as fast as 130 mph and tried to outrun the police while they chased him, according to the Mail.
"Shortly after 9.30 a.m. on Friday August 17, a 29-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of dangerous driving and failing to stop for police on the A1, near to Junction 22 of the M25," a police spokesman said.
"Officers' attention was drawn to the vehicle due to the manner of its driving. The man has been bailed to return at a date in mid-September to a north London police station."
Santos was driving a luxury car — "believed to be a £110,000 ($174,500) Maserati GranTurismo" — on the highway when he caught the attention of police.
The authorites turned on their lights and sounded sirens, but Santos did not immediately stop. He was finally picked up after exiting off the highway and coming to stop close to Arsenal's practice facility in London Colney.
The 29-year-old was on the substitutes' bench in Saturday's scoreless draw with Sunderland.
Have a question for Marcus Kwesi O'Mard? Send it to him via Twitter at @NESNsoccer, NESN Soccer's Facebook page or send it here. He will pick a few questions to answer every week for his mailbag.
Photo via Twitter/@oscar_ng
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text: James Toseland Retires | September 9, 2011Two-time World Superbike Champion James Toseland has announced his retirement from the sport, the 31-year-old Brit unable to recover from the wrist injury he suffered during testing back in March.Toseland suffered the injury during a test in Spain in March, attempted to race at Miller Motorsports Park in May but was forced to withdraw. He then raced in front of his home fans at Silverstone and was back in action again last weekend at the Nurburgring in Germany where he crashed out of the wet second race in what was his 201st World Superbike race. Now he's decided to hang up his leathers after consulting with doctors and being told he will never have enough movement in his right wrist to be competitive.Toseland was World Superbike Champion in 2004 on a Ducati and he went on to win the title again three years later a Ten Kate Honda. In 2008, Toseland went to MotoGP, but was dropped two years later and returned to the series where he'd previously been successful – World Superbike – in 2010 on factory Yamahas. He was replaced there this year by Marco Melandri and Eugene Laverty and was picked up by the BMW Motorrad Italia team, but he was injured before even getting started.Toseland announced his retirement today on his official website."As you all know, I've had a tough time since injuring my right wrist during a testing crash at Aragon in Spain earlier this year," Toseland said. "At the time of first seeing my consultant, he warned that the damage to my wrist could be career-threatening, but we both committed to doing everything we could to ensure that I could continue racing. Having struggled through a couple of races and then crashing out in the terrible conditions at Nurburgring in Germany, I went back to see the consultant, Mike Hayton, this week and the diagnosis was the worst I could have prepared myself for."The easiest way to explain it is that I don't have enough range of movement in my wrist to race professionally and no amount of physiotherapy is going to improve that. This all led to the verdict that it's no longer safe for me to continue a career in motorcycle racing. I have to put the safety of the other riders on track first, as well as thinking about my own safety. Knowing that I will never again be fully fit to race at the highest level, it's also unfair for me to occupy a great seat in World Superbike that a young, talented rider who is fully fit could take better advantage of." Paul Carruthers Comments


text: I just happpen to have acquired some Mimosa 'panchroma-studio-antihalo' glass plates - sealed. I am keen to try one or two of these as i have the camera and the holder. Would welcome any exposure and developing info that may help. Of course, i do realise that the things mayj ust be over the top as they are old. many thanks in advance.


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NetWellness is a global, community service providing quality, unbiased health information from our partner university faculty. NetWellness is commercial-free and does not accept advertising.
Thursday, September 21, 2017
Thyroid Diseases
Possible Diagnosis Of Hahimoto's Thyroiditis
Hi. About 6 months ago I had a thyroid scan and a fine needle biopsy done because I have a goiter and nodules on my thryoid. I also had all the bloodwork done. Everything came back normal. Then, about 2 months ago I started dealing with major fatigue and exhaustion, making it difficult to just get through the day, let alone exercise. I recently had more bloodwork done and everything came back normal again, except my thyroglobulin levels. The normal range was between 2 and 35 and my level was at 503. My M.D. put me on 120mg of armour thyroid once a day.
I am still battling the fatigue and wondering what else to check for. I seem to be experiencing some of the syptoms of Hashimoto`s, but I have gained about 10 pounds instead of losing weight. I am wondering if I could still have Hashimoto`s even with normal bloodwork (with the exception of the thyroglobulin)? Also, what would high levels of thyroglobulin mean? What is my next step so I can feel normal again? Thanks!
Patients with an enlarged thyroid gland or inflammatory thyroid disease (thyroiditis), or thyroid hyperfunction may have increased circulatory levels of thyroglobulin, however, this test is not ordered for these conditions. Having antithyroid hormones, including thyroglobulin antibody (proteins that the body's immune system makes against thyroglobulin) may suggest the diagnosis of Hahimoto's thyroiditis, although this disease would not contribute to any of your symptoms, unless your thyroid function test is abnormal. Having normal thyroid function test (normal thyroid status), assuming that they are normal, indicates that your symptoms are not related to any thyroid disease, therefore, you don't need any thyroid hormone treatment particularly in the form of armour thyroid, which provide non-physiologic concentrations of different components of thyroid hormone. You will need to see an endocrinologist to re-examine your condition for the appropriate treatment.
Marzieh Salehi, MD
Assistant Professor of Endocrinology
College of Medicine
University of Cincinnati


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The orders of Odd Fellows, Masons, and others somewhat similar in character, have always been well represented in this county, and the different lodges now embrace many of the leading citizens; this is especially true of those ancient and honorable orders, the Free and Accepted Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.
The first Masonic Lodge in Cortland county (then Onondaga) was known as Homer Lodge No. 137, which was chartered by the Grand Lodge of the State of New York to brethren residing in the county and vicinity on the 9th day of May, 1806. Under this charter the lodge worked until June 6th, 1833, when the warrant was forfeited.
The old records of this lodge are still preserved by the present lodge in Homer and the charter was deposited in the archives of the Grand Lodge but a few years ago, by L. E. Barker,1 of Homer village. Hung in the lodge rooms at Homer are also the old warrant of Washington Chapter No. 29 Royal Arch Masons; also the warrant of the old Preble Lodge.
The next lodge in the county was instituted at Preble, its charter bearing the date of No. 10th, 1814; it was called Hesper Lodge No. 237 and was suspended June 5th, 1834.
On the 8th of January, 1821, a warrant was issued to Miles Dunbar, as master; Alanson Coats, senior warden; Arnold Hicock, junior warden, and other brethren, to hold a lodge in Truxton, to be called Truxton Lodge No. 333. The warrant was surrendered June 8th 1832.
A warrant was issued to Benjamin S. Campbell, master; Jabez B. Phelps, senior warden; Nathan Dayton, Junior warden, and other brethren, on the 6th of June, 1823, to hold a lodge at Cortland (then in the town of Homer) by the name of Cortland Lodge No. 371. This lodge held its meetings at Port Watson, and the warrant was surrendered June 8th, 1832.
In June, 1825, a warrant was issued to Jacob Hemingway, master; Caleb Sherman, senior warden; Wm. Lincoln, junior warden, and other brethren, to hold a lodge in Virgil, to be called La Fayette Lodge No. 409. This lodge forfeited its charter June 8th, 1832.
A warrant was issued to Malicah Church, master; John Davis, senior warden; Barnabas Hastings, junior warden and others, June 1st, 1825, to hold a lodge at Harrison (now Marathon) by the name of Western Union Lodge No. 417. The warrant was surrendered and work discontinued June 5th, 1835.
During the Anti-Masonic Political crusade the order in this county, as in most other sections, remained dormant and so continued from about the date last mentioned during a period of more than twenty years. But in June, 1859, Cortlandville Lodge No. 470 was chartered. The following brethren were charter members: Joseph Reynolds, Horace Dibble, C. S. Mattison, R. H. Duell, S. R. Hunter, Franklin Goodyear, Horace L. Green, C. B. Chittenden, A. P. Smith, J. A. Schermerhorn, S. L. Thompson, O. V. Eldredge, B. Bulman and Josiah Hart, jr. This lodge has had a membership of over four hundred. The present officers are: S. S. Knox, W. M.; Fitz Boynton, S. W.; C. L. Kinney, J. W.; E. M. Keator, treasurer; Wm. F. Burdick, secretary; H. J Harrington, S. D.; H. T. Hollister, J. D.; P. Van Bergen, tiler; J. J. Taggart, organist.
On the 20th of Sepetmber (sic), 1854, Homer Lodge No. 352 was instituted under a dispensation from the Grand Lodge of the State of New York, Joseph D. Evans, grand master, with the following charter members: Ashbel Patterson, M. D.; Cornelius B. Gould, Lyman Reynolds, E. E. Reed, Stephen Knapp, H. D. Patterson, Wm. R. Smith, Elijah Button, Elijah, Baker, Josiah Patterson, Frank Richardson, M. F. Walpole, Elnathan W. Vanderlyn. On the 31st day of August 1855, the lodge was duly constituted under a warrant and the following officers were installed by Geo. N. Williams, deputy grand master: Ashbel Patterson, master; Ella R. Stephens, senior warden; Hammil Thompson, junior warden; Wm. L. Sherman, treasurer; Josiah Patterson, secretary; A. W. Kingsbury, senior deacon; E. W. Vanderlyn, junior deacon; Jas. McNiel, tiler.
The present officers of the lodge are: Chas. E. Wills, W. master; R. A. Goodell, senior warden; Philo Jones, junior warden; John J. Murray, treasurer; Robert J. Watson, secretary: F. D. Carpenter, senior deacon; L. L. Rood, junior deacon; Isaac Smith, tiler. Geo. Murray, jr., C. H. Gillett and B. H. Griffin are the trustees. This lodge is incorporated.
Royal Arch Masonry. --- The first Royal Arch Masonry of which we have any record in this county was in 1809, when a dispensation was granted to comps. George Rice, Hooker Ballard, Samuel Hoar, jr., and others to hold a lodge at Homer, by the name of Centre Mark Lodge No. 50. On the 7th of February, 1810, a warrant was issued to Geo. Rice, high priest; Asahel Minor, king; Reuben Washburn, scribe, and others, to hold a chapter of Royal Arch Masons in Homer by the name of Washington Chapter No. 29. This chapter was represented in the Grand Chapter by companion George Rice, Joshua Ballard, Joseph Crofoot, Jabez B. Phelps, Nathan Gillett, Luther Nicols, Benjamin Enos, Edward C. Reed, William Andrews, Benjamin Chamberlain and Orin Stimpson. The chapter could not withstand the Anti-Masonic prejudice and forfeited its charter, until the year 1865, when a dispensation was granted and the chapter revived.
On the 8th of February, 1866, a charter was granted to Roswell K. Bourne, high priest; S. Adams, king; Geo. L. Warren, scribe, and companions John W. Osgood, W. H. Crane, G. W. Davenport, R. W. Bourne and Horace Dibble, to hold a chapter of Royal Arch Mason in Cortland, to be called Cortland Chapter No. 194. There have been on the rolls of this chapter 102 members and the chapter is now in a flourishing condition. Following are the present officers: Geo. L. Warren, H. P.; A. Sager, K.; O. Hitchcock, S.; Fitz Boynton, treas.; W. F. Burdick, sec'y; C. E. Selover, C. of H.; W. D. Tisdale, R. A. C.; H. T. Dana, P. S.; Fitz Boynton, M. 3d V.; C. E. Ingalls, M. 2d V.; T. T. Bates, M. 1st V.; P. Van Bergen, tiler; J. J. Taggart, organist.
Knights Templar. --- The first and only Commandery of Knights Templar ever organized in the county is Cortland Commandery No. 50, Knights Templar, which was chartered in October, 1871, to the following name Sir Knights: W. H. Crane, Geo. L. Warren, A. Sager, J. D. Benton, Wm. F. Burdick, M. A. Rice, R. E. Hill, E. M. Seacord, A. B. Wooster, P. Van Bergen, Wm. S. Copeland, C. W. Kinne, M. J. Robinson, Seth Hobart. All these Dir Knights except two received the order of knighthood in St. Augustin Commandery 38, at Ithaca. The present officers are: Wm. F. Burdick, E. C.; R. C. Shattuck, general; Geo. L. Warren, capt. general; A. Sager, treas.; E. M. Seacord, sec'y; H. T. Dana, prel.; M. A. Rice, senior warden; D. C. Smith, junior warden; C, F.Thompson, st. br.; O. Hitchcock, sw. br.; Fitz Boynton, warder; C. F. Baldwin, C. E. Ingalls and Geo. W. Loomis, guards; P. Van Bergen, captain of the guard.
The first lodge of this order in Cortland county was instituted February 16th, 1847. The charter was granted by the Grand Lodge of the State of New York on January 19th, 1847, to Tioughnioga Lodge, No. 263. The charter members were Lyman Reynolds, Isaac Fairchild, Horace P. Goodrich, John H. Ferguson and Wm. P. Randall. When the State was subsequently divided into the Northern and Southern Jurisdiction, or Grand Lodges, the number of this old lodge was changed to 50 of Northern New York. This all the information we have been able to obtain relative to the first lodge of Odd fellows in this county.
Homer Lodge No. 280 I. O. O. F., was instituted on the 30th of March, 1847, by R. F. Russell, D. D. G. M. of Cayuga District. The petitioners for the charter were D. H. Strickland, German Thompson, Wm. Dalrymple, Samuel Wallace and H. I. Bowen. The lodge proved very prosperous, increasing largely in numbers and in wealth, under the Jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Northern New York. In August, 1866, the union of Northern and Southern New York was made; P. G. H. W. Blashfield was representative of Homer Lodge at that session, held in New York city. Subsequently it became necessary to renumber the lodges, which was done, Homer being changed to No. 99. On the 1st of March, 1875, lodge rooms were destroyed by fire with al their contents, causing a loss of one thousand dollars to the lodge, yet not one meeting was lost, for at the regular night of meeting the lodge took rooms in the Masonic Hall and continued to occupy them while the block was being rebuilt and a new fall fitted. Fortunately the lodge had a surplus fund to meet the emergency, so the new hall was furnished, and a balance of several hundred dollars left in the treasury.
The lodge still continues in a healthy condition. The present elective officers are C. F. Williams, N. G.; E. E. Warfield, V. G.; George S. Gilbert, secretary; S. P. Miller, treasurer.
Marathon Lodge No. 415 I. O. O. F., under the Jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Northern New York, was instituted January 2d, 1852, and its first officers were Nelson Roe, N. G.; Israel W. Taft, V. G.; Henry W. Burlingame, secretary. The lodge was run with uniform success until August 7th, 1877, when its lodge room and property were destroyed by fire, entailing a lost upon the institution of several hundred dollars. It was reorganized under a duplicate charter November 14th of the same year, but has never entirely regained its former prosperity.
When the Grand Lodges of Northern and Southern New York were consolidated, the number of the lodge was changed to 167, which it retains.
The present officers of the lodge are: Fred. S. Dellow, N. G.; Isaac Stevens, V. G.; Lewis A. Burgess, secretary.
Vesta Lodge No. 555, was instituted in Cortland, December 15th, 1870. The lodge meets Monday evenings in Odd Fellows' Hall. The present officers are: Charles B. Roethig, N. G.; I. Whiteson, V. G.; A. M. Delavan, secretary; D. C. Johnson, treasurer.
Elon Encampment meets also in Odd Fellows' Hall on the first and third Wednesdays of each month. Its officers are: H. W. Blashfield, C. P.; Arthur Nelson, H. P.; S. N. Gooding, S. W.; F. G. Kinney, scribe; C. E. Ingalls, treasurer. The Encampment was instituted in 1871.
There are lodges of Odd Fellows now in existence in Cortland village, Marathon, Homer and Preble. There have also been several other lodges of the order, which have also since been suspended of which we have no definite data.
1885 History of Cortland County
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In her first public event since being sworn in to chair the Federal Reserve, Janet Yellen told lawmakers that she remains concerned about jobs. "The recovery in the labor market is far from complete," was how she put it in her testimony before the House Financial Services Committee.
Even so, the new leader of the central bank said it's likely that monthly asset purchases will continue to be scaled back by the Fed, in a winding down of its effort to stimulate the economy.
Full-time wishes, part-time reality
Yellen indicated that the unemployment rate is not the only jobs measure she's watching:
- "Those out of a job for more than six months continue to make up an unusually large fraction of the unemployed," Yellen said.
- "And the number of people who are working part time but would prefer a full-time job remains very high," she added.
The numbers
Last week, the Labor Department reported that:
- 113,000 jobs were added to payrolls in January -- fewer than expected.
- At the same time, the unemployment rate fell 0.1 percent to 6.6 percent.
An icy shock
Yellen said she was surprised by weaker hiring numbers reported by the Labor Department over the past two months. She cautioned that some of the weakness could be caused by severe winter weather, and she pointed out that another jobs report will be released before the next policy-setting session.
Will she change course? Um, no, not anytime soon
Yellen signaled to the financial markets that there will likely be no immediate changes from the policies of predecessor Ben Bernanke. As the Fed's former vice chair, she reminded lawmakers that she served on the Federal Open Market Committee when the current policies were set in place and that she expects "a great deal of continuity in the FOMC's approach to monetary policy."
On the current program of asset purchases that began in September 2012, Yellen said that, while "purchases are not on a preset course," the FOMC "will likely reduce the pace of asset purchases in further measured steps at future meetings."
At the January meeting, the Fed agreed to a further reduction in monthly bond purchases by $10 billion to $65 billion, mirroring the first reduction announced in December. Yellen told lawmakers that the asset purchases are aimed at encouraging spending, noting improvement in the housing market and auto sales.
Define 'well past'
The Fed has said it expects to keep interest rates at current record low levels. Committee Chairman Jeb Hensarling, R-Texas, asked about the change from the Fed's earlier guidance that suggested crossing a threshold of 6.5 percent in the unemployment rate could lead to an increase in the federal funds rate. That guidance now holds that the current rates will be maintained until "well past the time that the unemployment rate declines below 6.5 percent."
"The conditions facing the economy are extremely unusual," Yellen responded, adding that the Fed is "trying to be as systematic and predictable as we can be."
Appraisal for the centennial
Hensarling's opening statement noted that his committee is seizing upon the Fed's 100th anniversary to hold hearings this year looking into its practices. He said "independence and accountability are not mutually exclusive concepts."
The crystal ball says…
In reaction, Paul Edelstein, economist, IHS Global Insight, says Yellen's testimony confirms his forecasting firm's view that "the Fed will not raise interest rates until late in 2015."
Next actions
Yellen is scheduled to testify before the Senate Banking Committee on Thursday. Her first scheduled policy-setting session as Fed chair is scheduled for March 18 and 19. Yellen will speak to reporters at a news conference after the two-day meeting concludes.
What do you think about Janet Yellen as the new Fed chair? Do you think interest rates will remain low for a year or more?


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A QUEENSLAND rookie who has played just 27 Origin minutes may prove to be the unlikely stumbling block to NSW's chances of wrapping up the series at Suncorp Stadium tonight.
The elevation of South Sydney backrower Chris McQueen into the run-on side shapes as the catalyst for potential matchwinner Greg Inglis to exert a far great influence than he did in the opening match. In the post-mortem of the opening fixture, it was generally accepted that the Blues' victory had been aided by the game's most potent weapon being rarely sighted.
Back in his former position in the centres, Inglis carried the ball on just 11 occasions, a far cry from the 23 on average per week for the Rabbits that he has become used to since being moved to fullback.
With Billy Slater having first dibs on the Maroon No.1 jersey and Inglis having been so successful out wide for Queensland in the past, it was hard to argue with the composition of the side.
However, as the game unfolded, it was obvious his remarkable talents were all but being wasted.
Coach Mal Meninga came to the same conclusion. In the final 20 minutes, McQueen spent plenty of time at left centre, freeing Inglis up to go looking for the ball.
His presence was more ominous as he lurked in and around the ruck almost like a second fullback behind the play the ball.
Starting McQueen tonight should ensure Inglis will be a much more prominent proposition from the outset and that spells danger for the Blues.
He will impose himself on the contest by not being confined to the wide left-hand corridor.
Covering for him will not be a problem for McQueen, who played plenty of wing for Souths before switching to the back of the scrum.
He also has a knowledge of Inglis's game, by virtue of seeing him every week at club level.
While the margin was only eight points in Game One, it did appear Queensland needed to make changes, although those made in personnel are surprising.
Daly Cherry Evans is an outstanding young footballer, but I have never understood the selection of a specialist halfback on the interchange bench.
Johnathan Thurston was obviously hampered by a groin problem at ANZ but anyone who saw his uninhibited, dominating performance against the Dragons 10 days ago were left in no doubt he has overcome any restriction.
The Maroons did use Cooper Cronk off the bench before the retirement of Darren Lockyer. He was not in the run-on side in the first six of his 10 Origins. In those matches, he played between 18 and 29 minutes and was used more as a roving backrower than as a first or second receiver.
It didn't particularly suit his game and I doubt that Daly can be overly effective in a similar role.
Of course if Cronk or Thurston should succumb to injury during the course of the game, then his selection will be a masterstroke.
It would appear that his call-up along with that of Josh Papalii is an effort to match the Blues' speed and footwork, an area in which the Maroons were far inferior.
The likes of Greg Bird, Anthony Watmough, Luke Lewis, Trent Merrin, Andrew Fifita and even James Tamou really troubled the Maroons defence with their evasion and leg speed. That made the Queensland pack look slow and predictable, which only changed following the injection of Matt Gillett and Corey Parker.
Cherry Evans and Papalii will improve that aspect of their game, but they won't be afforded a lot of game time to do so.
The difficulty for NSW is underlined by the fact that they have gone north of the border in this position seven times before and were only successful once in 2000. That record will improve if they can keep Queensland's big guns as quiet as they did in Sydney.
Especially Greg Inglis.
Originally published as Inglis has the room to roam


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ORPINGTON High Street has been cordoned off this evening after a 22-year-old man was stabbed.
Detectives from Met Police and London Ambulance Service paramedics were called at 8.25pm to reports of a collision between two cars.
They arrived to find a 22-year-old man, who had been in one of the cars, suffering from stab wounds.
He was taken to hospital with non life-threatening injuries and is in a stable condition.
There have been no arrests at this stage and the suspects are said to have fled the scene.
Witnesses say one of the cars has been 'taped off' and is in the middle of the road, surrounded by police vehicles.
Bus routes 51, 61, 208, 353, B14, R1, R2, R3, R4, R6, R11 are all being diverted as the High Street is closed.
Detectives from Bromley Police are investigating.
Did you see what happened? Email your pictures to the newsroom.
For the latest updates on the road closure click here.


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The combination of a sequel to Transformers: War for Cybertron with the promise of improvements on all of the game's elements along with the addition of playable Dinobots was an easy formula embraced by High Moon Studios and publisher Activision to earn hype and excitment.
Transformers: Fall of Cybertron was unveiled last fall during the Spike VGAs with a thrilling and emotional cinematic trailer that proved to fans that a cool Transformers movie doesn't need any human characters to sell itself… or even our planet Earth – something that was later teased in the game's second official trailer.
As for gameplay, we've not seen too much but that changes today with our first legitimate look at this game's poster boy, Grimlock, in action, showcasing his new and unique move-set. The Transformers: Fall of Cybertron gameplay video is narrated by game director Matt Tieger who describes the character's unique playstyle and mechanics:
The melee-focused Grimlock plays as if he's a character from Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning or Warhammer 40K: Space Marine and the resulting arcade-focused gameplay works to liven up the Cybertronian aesthetic employed in the latest Transformers game. It's especially cool when he transformers into his Dinobot T-rex form and unleashes the heat.
While this glimpse at gameplay certainly looks enticing, especially for us classic TF fans, we remain cautiously optimistic for a variety of reasons. The first of which is the obvious fact that the last Transformers game from High Moon Studios was garbarge (the Dark of the Moon movie tie-in) and there hasn't been much development time between their three Transformers games, despite having different teams working on each.
The other concern is that gameplay can be repetitive if most of it is spent on players solo-ing through armies of nameless run-of-the-mill fodder like the Insecticons here. And by solo-ing, we mean the sequel has dropped co-op gameplay from the campaign this time around.
Using an Energon sword and shield is awesome if we're not doing the same swinging motions over and over and over again, grinding through forgetful battles and enemies – and that was a re-occurring problem of this game's predecessor, Fall of Cybertron.
We can say for sure though that these character types will add a wildly different dynamic to the game's multiplayer this time around and we're excited at the potential.
Grimlock and Optimus are all kinds of bad-ass and we hope there's a cool story to be told in this universe, along with satisfying gameplay – we at Game Rant are already looking ahead to further sequels.
Transformers: Fall of Cybertron releases August 28, 2012 on the PS3 and Xbox 360.
Follow Rob on Twitter @rob_keyes for more on Transformers.
Source: Examiner


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Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Princeton University Library (Two-Volume Set)
This two-volume catalogue is the first comprehensive scholarly description of the Western medieval and Renaissance manuscripts in the Princeton University Library, one of the finest collections in America. The rich holdings comprise more than 420 manuscripts in the Robert Garrett, Grenville Kane, Robert Taylor, Cotsen Library, and Princeton collections; manuscripts bound with incunables in the Rare Books Division; hundreds of single leaves and cuttings; and about 5,000 original documents in six other collections. The catalogue offers full textual, paleographic, codicological, art-historical, and iconographical descriptions; detailed provenance notes; and full bibliographies. About a third are illuminated manuscripts, which are selectively illustrated in the catalogue's 128 color plates, which contain nearly 400 images.
Princeton's manuscripts range in date from the Carolingian era to the Italian Renaissance, with particular strength in late medieval holdings. They come chiefly from England, France, Italy, Germany and the deutscher Sprachraum, the Low Countries, and the Iberian Peninsula. There are more than thirty manuscripts in Middle English, and a nearly equal number in French (including Anglo-Norman), with smaller numbers in Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Dutch or Flemish, Hebrew, and Icelandic. Among the highlights of the collection are Hrabanus Maurus's Commentary on Matthew (Fulda, ca. 840-60); William of Waddington's Manuel des péchés (1280s); a Chrétien de Troyes miscellany (France, ca. 1295); the Tollemache Chaucer (ca. 1420-60); an illustrated copy of Kyrillos's Fables in German (1425-30); a Suetonius with sumptuous full-page miniatures (Milan, 1433); a richly illustrated copy of Giovanni Marcanova's Antiquitates (Bologna, ca. 1473); the Hours of Marguerite de Rohan, countess of Angoulême (ca. 1480); and the Sanvito Virgil (Padua, ca. 1507).
Some twenty years in the making, this catalogue identifies virtually all the manuscripts' texts on an encyclopedic range of subjects. Classical Latin authors, medieval scholastic texts, scripture, liturgy, and devotional books are most prominent, but history, law, music, medicine, astronomy, magic, and especially vernacular literature are also represented. Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the Princeton University Library has a fully integrated approach that gives equal emphasis to text and image and their historical context, offering insights into countless aspects of intellectual and artistic life.
"[A] rich catalogue. . . . In today's electronic environment, this publication demonstrates some of the virtues of the traditional hard-copy format--ease of browsing and cross-referencing being perhaps the most important. A vast amount of information is quickly absorbed, the contours and growth of the collection always apparent. Skemer has drawn on a tremendous wealth of scholarship."--Rowan Watson, Times Literary Supplement
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Advertising Media Planning (3) Analysis, selection, and scheduling of advertising media; examination of algorithms, technologies, and software used in media planning.
COMM 422 Advertising Media Planning (3)
This course is designed to provide an introduction to the concepts and techniques of media planning. The course will cover traditional and online media options. The student will learn to use software models to facilitate media decisions. Secondary sources of research used in the media planning process will be discussed. The design, construction, implementation and evaluation of effective media plans that meet specific advertising objectives will be detailed. Ethical media planning processes will be reviewed. The goal of the course is to develop critical thinking skills that will improve decision making in a dynamic and turbulent media environment.
Note : Class size, frequency of offering, and evaluation methods will vary by location and instructor. For these details check the specific course syllabus.


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A woman in Springfield is looking for answers in her husband's death.
Johlita Magee was reluctant to talk about what happened the night her husband was murdered. She spoke with News 2 because she hopes a witness will help police find the killer who left her young children without a father.
"He was a kind, loving hearted person. He worked at Hardee's here in Springfield and he was a father of three," said Magee.
She said on the night of Saturday, June 21, she was at a birthday party near Clarksville with her husband, 23-year-old Ralphthaniel.
Magee said early Sunday morning two of their friends got into a fight at an event held at a public venue. The fight escalated and spilled outdoors.
Police believe that is when two or three suspects began shooting, killing Ralphthaniel. Two other women were grazed by bullets and drove themselves to nearby hospitals for treatment.
By the time authorities arrived, Ralphthaniel was dead.
Magee said police do not have any big leads in the case.
"I know someone there had to have seen something," she said.
Magee wants people to know the kind of man her husbands was.
"He treated me like a queen. I am going to miss everything about him."
The Montgomery County Sheriff's Office is asking anyone with information about the shooting to call 931-648-0611 and ask for Sgt. Steve Heise.


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In the beginning, God made humans in His image (Genesis 1:26-27).
In the beginning, God made humans in His image (Genesis 1:26-27).
Since then, man has been trying to reverse this and give God a makeover. Instead of becoming more like Christ and allowing God to change us (2 Corinthians 5:17) sinful man has been creating their own image of God.
This, according to Scripture, is creating a false god or idol. Many want God to be a feel-good, buddy-buddy, user-friendly, politically-correct god that fits best our selfish desires and needs. God�s Word, which accurately describes the nature of God, has been sidelined to compromising standards and popular beliefs.
God has been given a makeover to make many feel better about their sin. Statements about a reinvented God abound today.
�God accepts me even if I don�t live up to the truths of His word. Jesus is my homeboy. God wants me to be happy. God doesn�t want me to feel guilty about my chosen lifestyle. How could a loving God send anyone to hell?�
When people lack a relationship with God they tend to recreate His nature, mostly because they do not know Him. When Moses went to meet with God on Mt. Sinai, the Israelites replaced God with an image of a golden calf. Moses was their first idol. When he was gone, they needed something else to worship. Instead of waiting on God�s instructions they invented their own god.
Making God more politically correct to promote perverted morals is idolatry. Not being comfortable with what God�s Word says used to be called conviction of the Holy Spirit. The intent is to remind people of the holiness of God and that we, too, are called to be holy (1 Peter 1:16).
Conviction of sin requires repentance, not reinvention. Instead of submitting to the creator, we attempt to become the creator. The thought is if people can reinvent God or His standards then they can comfortably live any way they want and do anything they please.
Instead of being fed truth, those who choose their sin over God�s standards exchange it for a lukewarm diet of rotten doctrine bent on appealing the masses. It�s like picking and choosing which of God�s divine characteristics and standards you want and disregarding the others.
A watered-down faith disables the work of the Holy Spirit. Self replaces conviction. Attempting to make yourself feel good about your sin is turning yourself into the idol to be worshipped.
But Scripture says He doesn�t change. If this is true, then why are we trying to change Him? In Revelation 1:8, God says, �I am the Alpha and the Omega.� Hebrews 13:8 says, �Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever.�
A relationship with Jesus Christ by reading, understanding, and obeying His complete Word is the only way to keep from veering off the straight and narrow path. Only God can reveal to you the deceptions, manipulations, and lies from Satan.
Believers must be able to discern a counterfeit faith from the truth. Satan desires you to be blind and delusional so you will be in bondage. I pray you will search the Scriptures and know the true God in a relationship with Jesus Christ.
Stephen Harrison is associate pastor of Family Church at White Hall.
� � �
Editor�s note: Pastors or associate pastors interested in writing for this section may submit articles to email@example.com. Please include your phone number and the name and location of your church or ministry.


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Three layer IQRF architecture
- Custom DPA handler - optional, when standalone HWP is not sufficient.
HWP can be extended for special functionality by the user's design engineer by programming so called Custom DPA handler in C language.
DPA concept is world-wide unique, patented.
An IQRF transceiver (TR) equipped with a software plug-in (HWP) implementing higher communication layer (DPA) above the operating system (OS) instead of a user application code enables to apply wireless in an extremely easy way. Instead of programming, a specific functionality is achieved just by a simple control via data flow. Complete application is as simple as sending and receiving data via a UART terminal. A transceiver allowing DPA approach is called DCTR (Data Controlled Transceiver).
Thanks to DPA, wireless networking is quite easy:
Just follow this video and you will have your wireless Mesh network up and running within a few minutes.


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YAKIMA, Wash., Oct. 12, 2009 – Memorial Practice Management (MPM) has selected Qwest Communications (NYSE: Q) to provide an advanced communications network solution to connect seven MPM-managed health care clinics in central Washington. MPM provides services, including staff recruitment, administration, billing, and technical support designed to help physicians and their staffs manage the time-consuming aspects of running their practices.
- Qwest is delivering MPM's communications solution using Qwest Metro Optical Ethernet (QMOE). The service provides reliable, scalable bandwidth that allows MPM to increase bandwidth capacity when needed in order to meet the growing demands of next-generation technologies and telehealth services. &>Qwest's network provides the secure, high-speed data transfer necessary to deliver MPM's practice management software. The cutting-edge software provides the clinics turnkey support for their day-to-day business operations.
- Qwest's network also will deliver MPM's new electronic health records application. Supported by network speeds of up to 200 megabits per second, doctors and staff will be able to send and view patient-specific medical data and records, and monitor patients' progress with doctors and specialists throughout the health care system.
- Yakima Valley Memorial Hospital (Memorial Hospital) owns and operates the MPM-managed clinics in central Washington. These clinics provide a variety of inpatient acute care and outpatient diagnostic and treatment services.
Jeff Garretson, senior systems analyst, Memorial Practice Management: "Balancing the day-to-day business aspects of a typical medical practice while providing quality patient care can be a challenge for doctors and their staffs. Qwest Metro Optical Ethernet makes it possible for MPM to deliver the applications that allow clinicians to spend less time on paperwork and more time on patient care."
Chris Ancell, executive vice president, Qwest Business Markets Group: "Demand continues to grow within the medical community for high-speed, affordable bandwidth to deliver advanced applications and services. Qwest solutions like QMOE enable health care providers of all sizes to take advantage of the time-saving information and resources that help them more easily and effectively manage their practices."
- Web site: Qwest Ethernet Solutions
- Web site: Memorial Practice Management
- Video: Why Do Business With Qwest?
- Webinar Replay: Do More, Spend Less: How Service Providers Can Help Consolidate IT Expenses


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In other news Monday, major cleanups were underway across the South after tornadoes ripped through the region, killing 10 people. Also, the company that owns a West Virginia coal mine where 29 miners died in an explosion defended itself from accusations of safety violations. Continue reading
In other news, five U.S. soldiers died in a suicide bombing in Mosul, Iraq, and clashes between U.S. forces and the Taliban in Afghanistan left 27 insurgents dead. Continue reading
In other news of the day, the FBI announced its investigation of more than 500 potential cases of corporate fraud, and tornadoes that swept through Oklahoma killed at least 8, destroying homes and businesses. Continue reading
The U.S. Midwest is currently suffering through heavy floods, especially in Iowa, after a bout of torrential rains. Kwame Holman reports on the scope of the disaster and efforts to curb the dangerous floods. Continue reading
Record rainfall and rising water inundated the town of Cedar Rapids, Iowa on Friday, forcing large-scale evacuations, including a hospital with more than 170 ill patients. Continue reading
Record rainfall and historic numbers of tornadoes have wreaked havoc on many parts of the Midwest, particularly in Iowa where a Boy Scout camp was decimated and flooding has caused thousands to evacuate. Kwame Holman reports on the widespread damage. Continue reading
The first half of 2008 has already marked the deadliest tornado season this decade. As many as 1,000 tornadoes have already touched down in the U.S. since January, more than the country sometimes sees in a full year. Continue reading
Powerful storms and tornados tore across five southern states Tuesday night, leaving at least 54 dead. After a report on the weather disaster, the governor of Tennessee details the cleanup efforts and a weather expert offers insight on the storms. Continue reading
Tornadoes and thunderstorms ripped across several southern states Tuesday night, killing at least 44 people and injuring hundreds more. Continue reading


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May 30, 2014 at 10:06 am
MINNEAPOLIS (AP) — The University of Minnesota says 300 people at a St. Paul apartment may have been exposed to infectious diseases due to misuse of blood monitoring equipment at screening events.
The university said Thursday volunteers were reusing finger-prick devices on multiple patients that were designed for repeated use only by the same patient.
University medical students and others have conducted blood-sugar screening at the Skyline high-rise apartment since 2010 as part of the SHARE outreach program. The program provides basic health services to immigrant and low-income residents there.
The Star Tribune reports the university wants to test current and former residents for infectious diseases that could have been transmitted by the reused devices.
Blood sugar testing at the apartment complex has been suspended. Volunteers will be trained in proper procedures.
Temp: 58°F (14°C)
Dewpoint: 58
Wind: 6 SE
Weather: mist


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Tag Archives: donation
WALK for Deaf College Students on July 11th!
It's our 2nd annual Virtual 5k for Deaf Dreamers! [I sent out this Deaf Dream newsletter this morning:] Choose a spot near your home where you can walk on JULY 11th to support deaf college students in developing nations. DEGREES … Continue reading
Posted in The Deaf Dream Tagged 5k, college, Deaf, Deaf Dream, donation, organization, student, virtual Leave a comment


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The Daily Frame
Click to enlarge
Two women dance at the AfrikaBurn Festival in Tankwa Karoo, South Africa. The week-long art festival takes place annually in a temporary desert dwelling called Tankwa Town. Photo by Liza van Deventer/Foto24/Gallo Images/Getty Images.
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The Conditional Church
In my previous post – "Jesus, you forgot the conditional statements again" – I pointed out (in my sarcastic manner) that many (perhaps most?) of Jesus' commands are offered with no conditional statements. So, for instance, when Jesus says, "Give to those who beg of you," he did not tell his listeners to consider how they would use the gift before it is given. Although, of course, we often add our own conditional statements…
But, we don't just add our own conditional statements to Jesus' commands. We add conditional statements to commands concerning the church and descriptions of the church also. Interestingly, the conditional statements help form what we read in Scripture to what we already do or believe today. (Quite convenient, actually.)
For example, read through the following commands and/or descriptions and ask yourself this question: What "conditional statements" do I assume that author meant even though he didn't include the condition when he wrote?
Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God. (Colossians 3:16 ESV)
And we urge you, brothers, admonish the idle, encourage the fainthearted, help the weak, be patient with them all. (1 Thessalonians 5:14 ESV)
And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the day drawing near. (Hebrews 10:24-25 ESV)
What then, brothers? When you come together, each one has a hymn, a lesson, a revelation, a tongue, or an interpretation. Let all things be done for building up. (1 Corinthians 14:26 ESV)
Let each of you look not only to his own interests, but also to the interests of others. (Philippians 2:4 ESV)
Surely there are many other passages that I could list. These passages above deal with gathering together and interacting with one another. How many conditional statements to we place on these commands and descriptions?
What kinds of conditional statements? Well, statements such ask these: "… if the leaders/elders/pastors permit it…", "… if the size of the group gathering is not too large…", "… if the person understand enough orthodox theology…", "… if… if… if".
We are good at adding conditions, especially when it comes to the church.
One Comment
Comments are closed. If you would like to discuss this post, send an email to alan [at] alanknox [dot] net.
Ah, the old "Selective Sola Scriptura"! My favorite is the "Well that may be what the church did back in the culture of the first century but today…" condition. I think we are all guilty of this even when though it is much easier to see this in others than in ourselves.


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LONDON – The European Commission launches an inquiry into whether an €6 million ($7.5 million) grant the Flemish regional government intends to give to Volvo Car's Gent, Belgium, plant in support of training is illegal under EC rules on state aid.
The EC is investigating whether the aid in fact encourages the auto maker to undertake additional training activities in support of a new medium-size vehicle platform to build Ford, Jaguar and Volvo cars. If Volvo would have carried out training in any case, the grant would not be necessary and would be considered operating aid and, therefore, prohibited under anti-competition laws.
This is not the first inquiry of its kind, an EC spokesman tells Ward's.
The EC acted against Ford Motor Co.'s plant in Genk, Belgium, on the same grounds last year. It ruled $8 million of local government aid was legal, while $7.6 million was not.
Earlier this year in a case against General Motors Corp. in Antwerp, Belgium, $2.7 million was approved, but a further $4 million was found incompatible with EU law.
These and other cases have raised suspicions the auto industry is attempting to bend competition rules. But EC officials stress the infringements are merely local and involve relatively small sums of money.
The EC inquiry was prompted after the Belgian government filed notice of its intention to award the aid to Volvo.
Volvo opened its Gent plant in 1965 and currently employs 4,800 people. Last year, the plant produced 240,000 vehicles.


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|Trad, 1 pitch, 50'
|YDS: 5.6 French: 4c Ewbanks: 14 UIAA: V ZA: 12 British: S 4b [details]
|FRA: Bernard and Robert Gillett, 1987
|Page Views:
|Submitted By:
|Steve Marr on Jun 14, 2004
|Comments on Your Possible Pasts
|Add Comment
|Show which comments —
By Tony B
From: Around Boulder, CO
Jun 7, 2006
rating: 5.6 4c 14 V 12 S 4b
|Good introduction to the local rock and a good warm-up for the area. Morning shade on this one.
By Joshinator
From: Longmont, Colorado
Jun 14, 2012
|Not a bad route, really. Kinda short though. This route seemed like good practice for placing gear on an alpine style route without the commitment of climbing a multipitch, alpine rock route. For what it's worth, I would say you don't even need cams for this route. The crack is very broken up and does not lend itself to cams. Instead, you can easily sew it up with wired nuts (heavy on the bigger pieces).
By Brian Baker
From: Thomasville, NC
Jul 10, 2012
rating: 5.6 4c 14 V 12 S 4b
|I climbed this as my first trad lead, and it was excellent for that! I used stoppers and hexes to protect the route and only used cams to build the anchor on top. Fun route!!
By D Sharp
From: Boulder, CO
May 12, 2013
rating: 5.6 4c 14 V 12 S 4b
|We couldn't find the walk-off to the left... the ramp starts promising, but then cliffs out. However, it was fairly easy to go right (upward for a bit), and then down onto the scree field close to the walk-off for the Fin.
By Dave Bn
From: Fort Collins, CO
Jul 16, 2013
rating: 5.6 4c 14 V 12 S 4b
|Agree that cams are not needed on this route. The walk off to the left veers to the right a bit and down an dirty(ish) gully.


text:
Comments about the 2009 Expo
Highly Satisfied. Everything was great, the exhibits, speakers, organization, helpful staff and volunteers. Thanks so Much! I came away with a lot of new ideas.
-DeAnna Gray
I wanted to thank you for allowing us to be part of this year's SCAT Expo. We had great interest in the ADA voting machine. Many people took the DVD we produced, "The Voting Process for The Deaf and The Hard of Hearing." It was gratifying that some of the attendees who stopped at our booth, spoke about their experience last year with the ADA machine and curbside voting. I received many favorable comments on what the State Election Commission and County Election offices are doing to help people with special needs in the voting process. Many people stated they will continue to go vote and not solely depend on voting by absentee paper ballot.
-Hampton Miller, exhibitor for the SC State Election Commission
Send your comments to firstname.lastname@example.com.
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back to AT Expo 2009


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'); var yuipath = 'clientscript/yui'; var yuicombopath = ''; var remoteyui = false; } else // Load Rest of YUI remotely (where possible) { var yuipath = 'http://yui.yahooapis.com/2.9.0/build'; var yuicombopath = 'http://yui.yahooapis.com/combo'; var remoteyui = true; if (!yuicombopath) { document.write('
Maybe the Pacers are going to let the Hornets take a look at Ford for a possible trade for West. West is out resting his wrist tonight just in case of a trade. Hornets need a PG and can shed Wests next years thus saving them mil, and the Pacers need a big. Salaries match almost perfectly. Pacers can throw in Stephenson as a sweetner in a 2 for 1 trade to get the roster down to 15.
See what one can see if they just choose to read between the lines of the article?
I see what one can see if they are flat out dreaming. That's an absurdly one-sided trade.
Can't we just wait it out for one preseason game before we freak out?
Collison is the guy, and that's not really up for debate.
Stop quoting people I have on ignore!
Our team [coach] is so messed up...putting a player that nobody likes who doesn't fit in, who wants out of Indy, who is overpaid (T.J. Ford), to take the place of a player that has played the best out of anyone in all the preseason games that we've played in so far (A.J. Price)......Hopefully T.J. plays horribly and he'll go back to being benched the rest of the season. I mean sure it would be nice to showcase him and get him traded ASAP, but if no trade has occurred with him in it by now, then I really doubt we'll be finding one anytime soon. Play A.J.
Why "just no"
What have you seen to think AJ is a better passer than TJ? The asist numbers dont say that?
Sittin on top of the world!
I have dreamed that dream before
although I will say on the Hornets board on realgm, they are about 50-50 on West
Sittin on top of the world!
And to be honest ... IF..... and this is a big IF .....
IF TJ comes out this season and plays like an all star , then by all means I will not complain ... if he actually EARNS his PT.. and beats AJ out..
But I really don't see that happening... TJ is a good guy .. I just don't think this team is the right fit for him ..
Last edited by Kemo; 10-15-2010 at 04:17 PM.
"They want to be famous. We want to be champions. They want to be rappers and backup dancers. We want to play football." - T.J. Ward, Denver Broncos
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Or throw in a first-round pick and flip it for a max-level point guard...
Sittin on top of the world!
Now I'm going to have to pay overtime, dang it
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Or throw in a first-round pick and flip it for a max-level point guard...
How is he going to be the same before the concussion if his issue is genetic?
Maybe a western conference team wants to see how TJ fares against the Hornets, even though it is still preseason. Who knows, CP3 might be on the court at times when TJ is played, and that might give another team an idea about where TJ currently would stack up as a combo guard in the western conference.
We can at least hope, can't we?
NBA All Star for a back up point guard = one sided
Once AJ had a bad game, I figured TJ would get a shot.
This space for rent.


text:
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*Deposits made after bank hours and on weekends are processed the following business day.


text: Have to agree with new optimus, though i am a new member and new to rooting and pretty much everthing technical about androids and phones in general, i have found most information to be very helpful, however, its been quite confusing. I've already said on a previous post of mine that i went through like three different rooting files for my prevail before finally finding the one that worked. In my foruming experience i always thought that you check the very first post for what your looking for and then check the last post to make sure it matches up and is up to date. you can take my rants and lazy punctuation as a newbie thing but as simple as i can say it is, finding the updated stuff that is currently in operation is difficult and confusing, in my opinion


text:
Off Campus Clinical Education
In addition to the outstanding clinical education our students get on campus and with our local affiliated sites and full time Preceptors, our students are encouraged to gain additional clinical education at sites off IC's campus through our various affiliated sites and internship opportunities. In the past few years, IC students have gained valuable clinical education experiences at the United States Military Academy at West Point, The NFL's NY Giants, Philadelphia Eagles and NY Jests, the LA Dodgers, the Empire State Games, and numerous high schools and sports medicine clinics. Before initiating an off campus internship of a student's choice, students must seek approval from the program and the chose site, register for appropriate course credit, and complete paperwork with the office of the Dean of the School of Health Sciences & Human Performance.
About the Office of Experiential Learning
The Office of Experiential Learning was created in 2003 for the purpose of facilitating off-campus educational opportunities for the students in the School of Health Sciences & Human Performance.
Experiential Learning opportunities are designed to provide students with an experience in which they are required to be active and intentional learners. The goal is for students to transfer their knowledge and experiences from the classroom to current and ongoing events in situations in professional fields. Critical to this experiential learning process is for the students to reflect and evaluate their experiences throughout the process.


text:
Fox producers are looking for pregnant women to ANNOUNCE THEIR PREGNANCY to the grandparents-to-be or to the husband, on national tv in a flash mob on the new hit show, Mobbed.
From the casting agents:
- "Must be 18-years or older and US citizen or permanent legal resident of US
- Outgoing & charismatic & willing to share your news on national tv
- Ideally in Southern California, but if you have a GREAT story, we will consider you"
Email: email@example.com
Email attn. Chrissy, and include your "Name, contact information, occupation, current photos, summary of your story, who you want to reconnect with and why he/she would be good for the show."
"Note: the casting for this show is highly confidential and secretive, so please do not tell anyone that you are applying for the show."
Have fun!
About Jessica Williams
Jessica Williams created L.O.V.E. Parenting with a series of techniques for effective communication, deepened connection and more joy in parenting and life. Jessica is also the creator of www.UltimateParentingCourse.com with the best of today's progressive parenting experts together in one program. Jessica is a featured expert internationally on both Mothering.com's Ask An Expert and the upcoming www.KidsInTheHouse.com. Jessica is a regular contributor to Mothering Magazine's All Things Mothering, LA Parent Magazine, LA Mom Magazine & DailyBuzzMoms. She has been interviewed on television and radio and taught workshops at family wellness centers, schools and doctor's offices. Her BirthKit has helped women have a transformational & empowering birth. Jessica maintains a private coaching practice in her native Los Angeles where she lives with her husband and their three children. "Truly amazing woman. I love her advice."—Carrie-Anne Moss. "All you have shared has helped tremendously."—Lisa Bonet. "I am experiencing nothing short of a miracle thanks to your laser beam approach." –Andrea Bendewald.


text:
OCAU News - Wiki - QuickLinks - Pix - Sponsors
|Thread Tools
|10th May 2009, 5:27 PM
Join Date: Mar 2005
Location: in a house.
Posts: 373
adsl line attenuation vs sync speed
Hi guys
ive posted this in whirlpool, but well.. whirlpool is whirlpool..but can someone have a look at this please:
so the stats below say my max attenuation is 21 (reported by the modem, via telnet)... so i went to that adsl2exchanges.com.au to see that result, it says max attenuation of 18... so thats fine.. results are similiar, great/
However, even according to both that website, and internode itself... even if i take my attenuation at 23, according to their graph, i should be good for 18mbit/s... yet currently, according to my modem im syncing at 10.8mbit/s ... WTF
download tests from internode servers
download: 1.0Mbyte/s
upload test from maxing out 5 torrents
upload: 67kbyte/s
hardware: netgear dg632 with V3.6.0C_22 firmware. im aware its not the exact latest but ive had problems with this modem before and im wary of "fiddling with it"
edit: i updated the firmware to the latest one, and the sync speeds are as follows
previously: 10.8Mbit/s download
now: 12.2Mbit/s download
upload speed has remained constant.
attenuation figures have remained constant.
can anyone explain whats going on? might it be my shitbox dg632 modem? or something else (line related?.. but wouldnt attenuation figures show this?)
cheers guys
[DSL Modem Stats]
US Connection Rate: 620 DS Connection Rate: 10801
DS Line Attenuation: 21 DS Margin: 9
US Line Attenuation: 13 US Margin: 13
and asl2exchanges.com.au result
Your Results
Line of Sight: 793 m
Estimated Cable: 1269 m
Estimated Attenuation: 18
Estimated Maximum Speed: 19000
note: seems pretty accurate as far as distances is etc, it picked the right exchange and everything..
netgear DG632 - no phones or anything connected to the telephone line except this adsl modem.
internet plan:
internode naked adsl+ 25gb
Originally posted by LoBeS (BB) fuck yea i just put out a ciggie with my arm
Originally posted by Sunset 6 inches is enough for me
Originally posted by Sunset the one who is an easy ticket to a quickie in the back alley
|10th May 2009, 9:19 PM
Join Date: Mar 2005
Posts: 1,225
Could certainly be your modem, test with another borrowed modem to see if sync rate improves. Some modem chipsets pair better with certain dslams.
Is your modem is set to the right modulation type (ADSL2+)?
Have your ISP applied a stability profile on the service? This artificially increases the noise margin and lowers the modem sync rate.
I'm pretty sure Internode users log on to their account and toggle "extreme" speeds themselves no?
Last edited by martino; 10th May 2009 at 9:25 PM. Reason: long-winded isolation test rant not needed if nothing else on line ;-)
|11th May 2009, 7:22 AM
Join Date: Mar 2002
Location: Melbourne
Posts: 8,146
DSL bitrate is not a linear function of distance, and cannot be determined by a simple two dimensional graph.
don't read on until this fact has been assimilated.
there is a statistical relationship between the two, but like all statistics, they bear no relationship whatsoever to an individual occurrence, and the statistical average alone does a poor job of displaying the sample set variance from that average.
now, repeat this next sentance until it's embedded; kind of like a BIOS flash...
Attenuation has very little to do with DSL performance.
yep, I mean it. it does at extreme attenuation values, like >70dB, but since other factors will have long since killed the DSL stone dead by that point, attenuation is pretty much irrelevant. so why does everyone focus on it? a couple of reasons:
(1) it's something their modems can measure
(2) to a rough degree, attenuation and bitrate tend to have a loose relationship of occurrence - which is very different from saying that the latter is dependant on the former
(3) they don't understand otherwise.
what controls DSL bitrate, in the abscence of extreme attenuation, is signal to noise ratio - SNR. SNR is everything.
DSL works by segmenting the frequency spectrum of the line into (roughly) 4.3KHz 'blocks' or subtones, then using an implementation of QAM to transmit a PSK trellis coded analogue signal matrix at a range of frequencies centred around the middle of the subtone. simplified, DSL works like a combination of a dialup modem, multipled several times over, with the individual signals segregated by using different ranges of frequency, or tonal pitch - think of a choir, the end result is a "wall of sound" style signal, but it's made up of individual signals (voices) delivered at different frequencies.
inside each subtone, there is a SNR to be dealt with. DSL uses analogue signalling, so it needs to maintain a certain SNR to prevent degradation of each signal waveform from being damaged to the point where it results in rubbish data once it's quantised back to a digital value at the other end of the line. to cope with this, modems start at the best SNRs in each subtone, which means the highest transmit power - relative to the noise floor present at that frequency. they then use progressively lower power levels to obtain additional QAM payload points, until the SNR becomes too marginal to continue. since the maximum transmit level is automatically determined, the variable is the noise floor - this will effective determine the maximum payload of the subtone.
added together, the sum payload of all the subtones is the bitrate of the line, so better starting SNRs (which is generally and illustration of lower line noise levels) means faster bitrates. more noise = lower SNR = lower bitrate.
beyond this, DSL modems tend to "load" individual subtones to a target SNR to obtain maximum bitrate, so SNR tends to settle to that target - which is set by the ISP who programs the DSL port. so even SNR isn't much good to us in determining line performance. what you really need is what is called a passive PSD/SELT/QLN test (depending on who makes the instrumentation), which can actually measure the noise floor across the tonal spectrum of the line without a DSL signal present, and calculate the expected bitrate from that.
the other problem with SNR is that DSL modems calculate SNR as an average of the SNRs present in the subtones that are actually carrying a payload. if the noise floor in a given subtone is so high (bad) that that subtone ends up with no payload at all (not commissioned) then it's not included in the calculations, which gives a somewhat false impression of the state of the line and its performance.
in your case, the ISP appears to have jacked your targets SNRs up fairly high, presumably in the name of stability at the expense of some performance:
OK, to close the loop - so why does bitrate tend to drop as attenuation increases? simple - because noise levels tend to increase as line length increases. nothing more. it's quite possible to have a long line that performs way above what our aforementioned statistical-likelihood graph "says" it "should", as long as it's a very quiet line. a short line can also perform like crap if it's noisy. what causes noise? everything.
so, the upshot is - your DSL is simply performing as well as it can for the circumstances, which you really can't see. given there is nothing else except the modem on the line, about all you can address is:
(1) make sure the line cord is short, and of good quality (ie does not introduce line noise, which we now now lower subtonal payload and thus bitrate)
(2) ensure there are no star wired sockets inside your house. unterminated sockets result in impedance mismatched signal reflectors, which cause noise.... which drops performance. if there are unterminated sockets, either have an electrician disconnect them, or perhaps surprisingly, have a central filter fitted! yes, I know that conventional "wisdom" is that you only need filters for phones, right? nope. in this case, if you filter the star wired sockets before the wiring even starts, no DSL signal ever gets injected into the wiring, so no reflection and noise occurs. hopefully you don't have star wiring though, it's generally only present in old or sloppily wired houses.
beyond this, you simply have a line that performs lower that that simple attenuation to speed graph suggests is the average, and my suggestion is to forget it - it is what it is, and there is nothing much you can do about it.
Please do not contact me directly for advice on NBN related issues. Your ISP is your contact point for support. If they can't or more likely won't help you, why are you rewarding them with your business?
Last edited by caspian; 11th May 2009 at 8:17 AM.
|11th May 2009, 8:04 AM
Join Date: Aug 2003
Location: Sydney
Posts: 1,769
|11th May 2009, 8:12 AM
Join Date: Mar 2002
Location: Melbourne
Posts: 8,146
if it happens, I am happy to flesh out the explanation a bit more, maybe include a few diagrams etc.
Please do not contact me directly for advice on NBN related issues. Your ISP is your contact point for support. If they can't or more likely won't help you, why are you rewarding them with your business?
|11th May 2009, 8:50 AM
Join Date: Apr 2003
Location: Canberra
Posts: 9,774
i think it is a very good post, i also think that if you do flesh it out a bit more it should be a sticky!
edit: im over 5 k away from my exhange and i get around 6.5 -7.5 mbit, but i am using cisco gear with the service internal command set which allows you some control over what SNR is set ( mine is around 2DB down 8 DB up)
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Get a grip adolf, you lost the war, and you can't kill any more jews.
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Last edited by itsmydamnation; 11th May 2009 at 8:55 AM.
|11th May 2009, 9:08 AM
Join Date: Mar 2002
Location: Melbourne
Posts: 8,146
I was just thinking about something.... particularly relating to graphs like this: http://www.internode.on.net/media/im...sl2-dist07.jpg
there's nothing wrong with trying to use these graphs to determine an expected speed, and if your results is near where it should be, then great. my problems with these graphs include the following:
I realise that a lot of people are curious, and hey - you have to have some sort of rule of thumb to go by, at least most people use about the same graph so the estimation is repeatable! my point is that DSL transmission is a rather complex subject, and simplifying it that far introduces a lot of assumptions which in turn cause errors in the expected results. so by all means use the graphs, but understand the assumptions on which they are based, and put the results in context - they are not an absolute by any means.
Please do not contact me directly for advice on NBN related issues. Your ISP is your contact point for support. If they can't or more likely won't help you, why are you rewarding them with your business?
|11th May 2009, 9:36 AM
Join Date: Jun 2001
Location: Melbourne
Posts: 774
Great post Caspian, you should post the info in the wiki
|11th May 2009, 1:37 PM
Join Date: Jun 2001
Location: Sydney
Posts: 8,297
|11th May 2009, 1:56 PM
Join Date: Jun 2002
Location: South Australia
Posts: 2,734
I'm hoping to get some time to move most of the stickies in this forum to the Wiki, and have a single sticky with links... it's starting to get a bit clogged up the top end.
ugbox.net | OCAU Emergency Services Club
This post is the personal opinion of the poster and may not necessarily state or reflect those of SA Ambulance Service, SA Department of Health, or First Care Medical.
It does not constitute medical advice, and should not be taken three times a day with meals. May cause drowsiness - do not drive or operate heavy machinery after reading.
|11th August 2010, 2:03 PM
Join Date: Aug 2010
Location: Melbourne
Posts: 7
Hi caspian,
I realise this is an old thread, but it doesn't seem to have been replaced by a sticky,
I had always assumed that each new train was a "fair negotiation" (neither end is biased by prior trains) between the modem and the DSLAM. Presumably both have a target Noise Margin, but how do they decide the eventual figure, can one (or both) end override the other? This quote seems to suggest the ISP has more power in the negotiation.
As I understand it, for BT in the UK, if the DSLAM sees lots of retrains it decides the line is unstable and will only train to a higher margin. It will then only train to a lower margin after a number of days of holding sync. ie the DSLAM remembers prior trains, do our DSLAMs have memory?
Some modems seem to allow tweaking the Noise Margin. Do they have to "lie" to the DSLAM to achieve this (ie true SNR is 7, but tell DSLAM its 14)? How does this "lie" affect later trains?
Lastly, does the DG632 (of the OP) provide some way to control the Noise margin it trains to (tell it to "lie")?
Last edited by Mattrix; 11th August 2010 at 2:12 PM.
|11th August 2010, 2:47 PM
Join Date: Jun 2002
Location: North Brisbane
Posts: 1,679
I have the ability of single-minded determination and focu... Hey, look! A horse!
|11th August 2010, 4:07 PM
Join Date: Mar 2005
Posts: 1,225
In Australia we have a mix of "fixed speed" ADSL (Telstra 1.5mbps) where the SNR is allowed to fluctuate, and also "high speed" best effort ADSL where the profile will target a specific SNR (generally 6db) and the sync speed fluctuates.
This page covers it in a little more detail:
|11th August 2010, 4:08 PM
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: Highbury, SA
Posts: 8,921
Can any of you fellow "cablers" or Telco and networking guys please start adding and or editing stuff in the Wiki
PC Gamer, Licenced Cabler,MilsimCosplayer
My Becoming a Cabler & Tool Thread
To The Cloud...!!
|11th August 2010, 5:53 PM
Join Date: Mar 2002
Location: Melbourne
Posts: 8,146
- local noise (which is just a power level induced in the cable by external sources)
- the target SNR the port has been instructed to aim for.
SNR is just the line noise induced voltage as a differential of the power level signal voltage the modems can produce. the resulting voltage differential is available for signalling via phase shift keyed quantum amplitude modulation - a fancy way of describing encoding binary information via voltage variations in a signal level with a clocking signal acting as a multipler to allow greater bandwidth.
this happens every 4.3KHz across the frequency spectrum the modems can generate. some subtones will not be usable at all if SNR is <0dB (ie noise is greater than signal). above this a payload capability will be derived.
when this frequency sweep analysis is complete the modems proceed to showtime, where data transmission is possible.
indeed, the ISP has "the power". they set the target SNR the host modem will accept. users can instruct their modem to seek a higher target SNR, but not lower.
- usable bitrate deteriorating below a threshold level
- consecutive errored seconds exceeding a threshold level
there's no magic timer value other than this. I don't know how BT do their DSL, perhaps they have the ability to build in a time-based threshold before the worst-case line noise observance is reset. we certainly don't, and the idea is of debatable value. on one hand it could be argued that a single transient even can't trigger a significant reduction in bitrate, on the other it means the modems take longer to acheive stability in an environment with varying noise levels. my point of view, for the record, is that the former (the Australian implementation, assuming there is indeed a variation) is superior, as the user still retains the ability to "reset" the process with a simple powercycle. the "UK model" means the user must endure an extended period of instability before acheiving stability - something to be experienced every time the modem loses power.
it's up to the user. do they want stability, or do they want speed? in a varying noise environment you can't have both. DSL isn't engineered that way.
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Where Your Contributions Go
All of the contributions we receive at the Queen of Hearts Foundation go toward saving a woman's life.
Did you know?
- Among women in the United States, ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancers and the fifth leading cause of all cancer deaths.
- The National Cancer Institute estimates that yearly 22,000 women will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer and about 13,500 will die from the disease.
- Currently, there is no reliable method of early detection for ovarian cancer. The mission of the Queen of Hearts Foundation is to find one.
However, there is good news and hope for the future! When ovarian cancer is detected and treated early, the 5-year survival rate is greater than 92%.


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By DE Editors
Dimensional Control Systems, Inc. (DCS) has announced the release of two new versions of 3DCS software with enhancements that the company says further streamline processes for their users.
3DCS SA 22.214.171.124 simplifies the CAD translation process and 3DCS CAA V5 Based 126.96.36.199, for CATIA V5 users, includes numerous enhancements.
New Version 3DCS Analyst Stand Alone (SA) 18.104.22.168 tolerance analysis software has built-in translators to support all CAD systems, according to the company. The new version includes built-in CAD translators that eliminate the need for users to purchase, license and use separate translators to integrate 3DCS with their various CAD systems.
Other enhancements to 3DCS SA 220.127.116.11 include:
- Visualization improvements to cube maps, sky boxes, ambient occlusion, bloom, silhouette edges and spot light shadows
- Improvements to Spec Study, such as better support for "A" and "V" gaps without the need to apply point constraints
- Support of worst-case analyses
- Dozens of new routines and settings including, for example, the ability to use "Section Draw" to cancel the point dragging changes, the addition of a reorder feature button to "feature tolerance," the addition of a "yes to all" check box to "Save Management," and the ability to select parts separately in "Copy Data"
The translators for 220.127.116.11 are provided through DCS's OEM partnership agreement with TransMagic, a company that provides universal multi-CAD interoperability software applications.
New Version 3DCS CAA V5 Based 188.8.131.52 is designed for CATIA users and is already integrated into CATIA V5, so it does not require CAD translation, according to the company. It includes many of the same enhancements as 3DCS SA 18.104.22.168, plus improvements to the FEA-compliant modeler, GD&T and Spec Study.
For more information, visit 3DCS.
Sources: Press materials received from the company and additional information gleaned from the company's website.