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|43rd week of 2012 patent applcation highlights part 29
|Patent application number
|WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, BASE STATION APPARATUS, MOBILE STATION APPARATUS, WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD AND INTEGRATED CIRCUIT - In a wireless communication system a base station apparatus and a mobile station apparatus communicate with each other. The base station sets the number of spatial multiplexing sequences (rank) of data being used by the mobile station when transmitting a PUSCH, further sets orthogonal resources used by the mobile station for the same number of reference signals as the set number of spatial multiplexing sequences which are transmitted together with the PUSCH, and transmits downlink control information indicating the number of spatial multiplexing sequences and information indicating the orthogonal resources for the reference signals. The mobile station receives the downlink control information, selects orthogonal resources to respectively apply to the reference signals, applies the selected orthogonal resources to generate the reference signals, and transmits the generated reference signals to the base station apparatus.
|Method and Arrangement for Resolving a Temporary Block Flow - The invention relates to a method in a mobile network for resolving a Temporary Block Flow, a TBF, in a wireless network including one or more mobile stations exchanging data with a base station system. The packet data is transmitted by means of one or more RLC/MAC blocks each associated with the TBF. The TBF is identified by means of an Temporary Flow Identity, a TFI, and associated to an MS. The inventive method is applicable in a wireless communication system with an extended TFI addressing space. The method comprises steps of receiving a RLC/MAC block and retrieving a first TFI in the RLC/MAC header. The TFI is compared to an assigned TFI. The capability for the associated MS to resolve TBFs based on extended TFI addressing is determined. If the received first TFI matches assigned TFI and represents a comprehensive TFI for the associated MS, the payload of the RLC/MAC block is decoded. When the first TFI matches assigned TFI value and is identified as a code point to an eTFI, at least a predetermined field of the RLC data block is decoded and an extended TFI, eTFI, is retrieved. The eTFI is compared with an assigned eTFI. Following a match, the payload of the RLC data block is decoded. The procedure is repeated for further RLC/MAC block associated with the TBF until the TBF is resolved.
|Uplink Channel Sounding - The invention is related to an apparatus including at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: configure a reference signal for uplink sounding; and arrange transmission of the reference signal for uplink sounding by using at least one of the following: scheduling downlink data for a physical downlink shared channel; configuring a transmission of a periodic channel state information or rank indicator for the physical downlink shared channel; configuring a periodic transmission for transmission on a scheduling request resource on a physical uplink control channel; and configuring a periodic transmission of a reference signal for transmission on an existing physical uplink control channel.
|TRANSMISSION METHOD FOR AUXILIARY CARRIER PAIRING INFORMATION, NODE B AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING TRANSMISSION - The present invention discloses a method; a NodeB and a system for transmitting pairing information of auxiliary carriers. The method comprises: during the process of controlling a terminal which uses a multi-carrier high-speed packet access technique, a NodeB to which the terminal belongs setting pairing information of an uplink auxiliary carrier and a downlink auxiliary carrier of a auxiliary service enhanced dedicated channel cell for the terminal, and transmitting the paring information to a radio network control entity through control signaling transmitted via an Interconnection of type (IUB) interface. The present invention can implement flexible configuration for the uplink and downlink auxiliary carriers through signaling based on the IUB/IUR interface.
|Methods and Devices for Switching Anchor Carrier - Methods and devices are provided whereby the primary uplink (and downlink carrier) can be dynamically changed. Embodiments are described wherein it is determine which carrier that is to be used as a new primary carrier instead of an old carrier currently being used as a primary carrier based on a criteria/trigger event. The new carrier can be signaled between the radio base station and the user equipment when switching to the new primary carrier.
|RADIO BASE STATION AND MOBILE COMMUNICATION METHOD - To avoid a reduction in a peak rate in an uplink as much as possible. A radio base station eNB according to the present invention includes a scheduling unit
|WIRELESS TERMINAL FOR TRANSMITTING PACKETS OF DIFFERENT TYPES - A terminal comprising: a radio-frequency transmitter for transmitting packets on an uplink to a wireless cellular network; and processing apparatus comprising an upper protocol stack and a lower protocol stack, the upper stack being arranged to process data according to one or more transport protocols and form the data into packets of a plurality of different types for transmission over a packet-based network, and the lower stack being arranged to receive the packets from the upper stack and process them for transmission via the wireless cellular network. The lower stack comprises a plurality of packet queues each corresponding to a different respective priority level, and a packet decoder configured to supply each packet in dependence on its type to a packet queue of a corresponding priority level. The lower stack further comprises a dequeuing mechanism configured to dequeue packets for transmission from said queues in dependence on the priority levels.
|DOWNLINK CONTROL INFORMATION TRANSMITTING METHOD AND BASE STATION, AND DOWNLINK CONTROL INFORMATION RECEIVING METHOD AND USER DEVICE - In the transmission of user data for a user equipment and control information on the user data to the user equipment using a plurality of carrier waves by a base station in a wireless communication system, the control information can be transmitted over a portion of the plurality of carrier waves, and carrier waves over which only the user data is transmitted can be generated without the control information. Here, the base station transmits, at a certain number of subframes following the subframes at which the control information is transmitted, the user data over the carrier waves to which only the user data is allocated. Thus, the user equipment can minimize the buffering of the user data during the detection of the control information, and decode the user data.
|METHOD FOR CONFIGURING A RESOURCE, METHOD FOR TRANSCEIVING DATA IN THE CONFIGURED RESOURCE, AND APPARATUS FOR SAME IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - The present description relates to a wireless communication system, a method for configuring a resource, a method for transceiving data in the configured resource, and an apparatus for the same. The method described in the present description comprises: selecting one or more resource block groups from among the resource block groups contained in at least one or more component carriers so as to generate an aggregated resource block group; and allocating resources in accordance with the configuration of the aggregated resource block group, and transceiving data. Here, information on the aggregated resource block group contains a component carrier indicator.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REPORTING A CHANNEL QUALITY IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - The present invention provided a method and apparatus for reporting a channel quality in a wireless communication system. A terminal receives an uplink grant from a base station via one of a plurality of downlink component carriers (CCs). The uplink grant includes a channel quality indicator (CQI) request for instructing uplink allocation and CQI reporting. The terminal reports the CQI of the downlink CC being linked to the base station. The downlink CC being linked is one of the plurality of downlink CCs, which is linked to the uplink CC for which the uplink allocation is scheduled.
|METHODS AND ARRANGEMENTS IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Method and arrangement in a base station for allocating resources to a user equipment. The method and arrangement comprises analyzing a period of time comprising a subset of the predetermined scheduling request opportunities, detecting a scheduling request from the user equipment, establishing priority level information from the detected scheduling request and the subset of the predetermined scheduling request opportunities, and allocating resources to the user equipment, according to the established priority level information. In addition, a method and arrangement in a user equipment for assisting the base station in allocating resources to the user equipment are described.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ALLOCATING EDGE FREQUENCY BAND RESOURCE, AND BASE STATION - Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method and an apparatus for allocating an edge frequency band resource, and a base station. The method may include obtaining, through message interaction, usage information about an edge frequency band resource block of an adjacent mode; according to the usage information about the edge frequency band resource block of the adjacent mode and a characteristic resource block, determining an available edge frequency band resource block that is of the current mode and in a next adjustment period; and in the next adjustment period, allocating a determined available edge frequency band resource block of the current mode to each cell that is corresponding to the current mode.
|INFORMATION FEEDBACK METHOD AND APPARATUS - A CB resource feedback method is disclosed. The method includes: receiving, by a network device, uplink information that is sent by a sending device on a CB resource; when the uplink information is decoded, feeding back, by the network device correct reception of the uplink information to the sending device through a first physical downlink control channel, where the first physical downlink control channel is masked with an identifier of the sending device. Through the technical solutions provided in embodiments of the present invention, the sending device may be enabled to accurately know that the uplink information sent by the sending device is received correctly or is received incorrectly, and the sending device may be enabled to know a receiving status more quickly.
|RESOURCE ALLOCATION - A method of signalling resource allocation data in a communication system which uses a plurality of sub-carriers arranged in a sequence of chunks. An allocation of the sub-carriers for each of a plurality of user devices is received. The received allocations are processed to determine, for each user device, data identifying a start chunk and an end chunk within the sequence of chunks, which depend upon the sub-carriers allocated to the user device. Different resource allocation data is generated for each of the user devices using the data identifying the corresponding start chunk and end chunk determined by the processing. The respective resource allocation data is signaled to each of the plurality of user devices.
|WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, WIRELESS COMMUNICATION APPARATUS, AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD - A wireless communication system is disclosed. The wireless communication system performs data transmission using spatially multiplexed streams from a first terminal including N antennas to a second terminal including M antennas (N and M are integers larger than or equal to 2 and N>M).
|METHOD FOR MULTIPLEXING CONTROL SIGNALS AND REFERENCE SIGNALS IN MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM - A reference signal multiplexing method for multiple mobile stations includes: grouping together control signals for the multiple mobile stations; and multiplexing reference signals corresponding to the control signals by CDM over the same bandwidth as that of grouped control signals.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING CONTROL INFORMATION TO RANDOMIZE INTER-CELL INTERFERENCE IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting control information in an SC-FDMA system. A UE generates a random cyclic shift value based on an SC-FDMA symbol index and a slot index. The UE cyclically shifts a sequence by the random cyclic shift value. The UE multiplies a control channel signal, including the control information, by the cyclically shifted sequence on an SC-FDMA symbol basis. The UE transmits the multiplied control channel signal in an SC-FDMA symbol to a Node B.
|Method and Apparatus for Relaxing Uplink and Downlink RF Switching - A method and apparatus are disclosed to enable user equipment in a TD-SCDMA network to reduce or eliminate RF signal leakage from a transmitter to a receiver. In an aspect of the disclosure, a method includes receiving an assignment of an uplink time slot of a sub-frame and receiving an assignment of a downlink time slot of the sub-frame, wherein the uplink time slot is prevented from being sequential to the downlink time slot. In another aspect of the disclosure, a method includes receiving an assignment of an uplink time slot of a sub-frame associated with a first carrier frequency and receiving an assignment of a down-link time slot of a sub-frame associated with a second carrier frequency, wherein the first carrier frequency is prevented from being the same frequency as the second carrier frequency when the uplink time slot is sequential to the downlink time slot.
|METHOD, RADIO SYSTEM, MOBILE TERMINAL AND BASE STATION FOR PROVIDING LOCAL BREAKOUT SERVICE - There is provided a radio system wherein a mobile terminal is configured to detect availability of a local breakout service to an Internet protocol gateway; to start a network entry to the local breakout service; and to configure an Internet protocol stack of the mobile terminal on the basis of received configuration data. A serving base station of the mobile terminal is configured to establish a radio bearer for the local breakout service; to provide a dynamic host control protocol relay function for mapping data of the mobile terminal using a local Internet protocol address to the established radio bearer; and to provide the local breakout service to the Internet protocol gateway while retaining user access control and a remote Internet protocol gateway of a packet core network of the public mobile network for the mobile terminal.
|SERVER ASSISTED HIGHER PRIORITY PLMN SCAN - Methods and systems facilitating a server-assisted scan for a preferred network are disclosed. A user device may identify a cell at a present location of the user device, and request one or more records associated with the identified cell from a server. If the server provides a record associated with the identified cell, the user device may determine whether the provided record includes preferred network data identifying a preferred network previously found on the identified cell. If the provided record does not include the preferred network data, the user device may start a scan timer that is set to a predefined time interval. If the provided record includes the preferred network data, the user device may initiate a preferred network scan without starting the scan timer.
|Method for Realizing Single Radio Voice Call Continuity and Single Radio Voice Call Continuity System - A method for implementing single radio voice call continuity, comprises: User Equipment (UE) establishing an IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem (IMS) session with a remote user through a Packet Switch (PS) network, wherein the IMS session is anchored to an enhanced Mobile Switch Center (eMSC); the PS network sending a handover request to the eMSC for handing over the IMS session to gain access through a Circuit Switch (CS) network; the eMSC receiving the handover request, establishing a media link, and relating a newly established media link with a remote media link of the IMS session, so that the UE can communicate with the remote user through the newly established media link and the remote media link. The present invention also provides a system and an eMSC for supporting single radio voice call continuity.
|Apparatus and Method for Implementing One or More Handover Prioritizing Schemes - Avoiding collisions when executing Handover or initial access (Random access requests) due to the use of the same synchronisation code, SYNC-UL code, at the same Uplink pilot channel, UpPCH, in the same Uplink pilot Time Slot, Up-PTS, in a TD-SCDMA system. The method may comprise receiving a signal that identifies N subframes of a subframe cycle including M subframes, wherein an uplink pilot channel in each of said N identified subframes is available for initial access and a hard handover, wherein N and M are positive integers, and wherein N is less than M. Further, the method may comprise receiving a signal that identifies G synchronization codes among H available synchronization codes, wherein each of said G identified synchronization codes is available for initial access only, wherein G and H are positive integers, and wherein G is less than H.
|Method and Apparatus for Power Correction in Uplink Syncronization During a TD-SCDMA Handover - A method and apparatus for adjusting and offsetting a power level of uplink transmissions from user equipment in a wireless communication system. In an aspect of the disclosure, a handoff from a source base station to a target base station includes the target base station determining a suitable power offset value and communicating this offset to the source base station. The source base station transmits a handover instruction including the offset to the user equipment (UE), and the UE transmits a synchronization code. The target base station then calculates a further power correction and transmits the correction with an acknowledgment of the synchronization code. The UE then sets the power for future transmissions based in part on the offset and correction values.
|ENHANCED ATTACHMENT PROCEDURE FOR ATTACHING A UE TO A 3GPP ACCESS NETWORK - The invention relates to methods for (re)attaching a UE to a 3GPP access network and for storing bearer context information of a UE upon handover from a 3GPP access network to a non-3GPP access network. Furthermore, the invention relates to 3GPP network nodes, such as mobility management entity, serving gateway and packed data gateway, and a UE that are specially adapted to perform these methods. In order to decrease of the delay time during (re)attachment of a UE to a 3GPP access network, the invention proposes to maintain context information on data bearer(s) of a UE within the 3GPP access network and the UE, while the UE is not attached to the 3GPP access network, so that data bearer context information for this UE is available and can be used for the (re)activation of data bearer(s) once the UE is attaching to the 3GPP access network again.
|Synchronization Method, Communication Handover Method, Radio Network and Node - A synchronization method, a communication handover method, a radio network, and a RAN node are disclosed. The interface information synchronization method includes determining whether a condition for initiating interface information update is fulfilled. Information about the S1 interface between the RAN node and the core network node, is sent. In addition, or alternatively, information about the X2 interface between the RAN node and the neighboring RAN node is sent to the neighboring RAN node if the condition for initiating interface information update fulfilled.
|METHOD FOR PERFORMING ZONE SWITCHING IN BROADBAND WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEM - A method and mobile stations for performing a zone switch, are discussed. According to an embodiment, the method includes: receiving, at the mobile station and from a target base station configured to operate in accordance with a first and a second protocol, a ranging response message of the first protocol including zone switch parameters used to perform zone switch from a first zone of the target base station corresponding to the first protocol to a second zone of the target base station corresponding to the second protocol; and performing, at the mobile station, the zone switch from the first zone to the second zone using the zone switch parameters
|Synchronization-Free Station Locator In Wireless Network - A method of providing synchronization-free station locating in a wireless network is provided. In this method, an AP having a known location sends a unicast packet to the station and notes its time of departure TOD(D). The station receives the unicast packet, notes its time of arrival TOA(D), sends an acknowledgement packet to the AP, and notes its time of departure TOD(D_ACK). The AP receives the acknowledgment packet and notes its time of arrival TOA(D_ACK). Notably, a distance between the AP and the station can be accurately determined using a first difference between the TOA(D_ACK) and the TOD(D) and a second difference between the TOD(D_ACK) and the TOA(D). A plurality of such computed distances between a plurality of APs and the station can be used to determine an accurate location of the station.
|METHOD, SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR MANAGING CALL HANDOFF - A method, system and apparatus for managing call handoff are provided. A mobile device engaged in a first media session over a first transport determines a second transport is available. A reflected media session is established via an echo server over the second transport. Quality of the reflected media session is evaluated by determining a call metric based on call transport data received at the mobile device from the mobile device (itself) in the reflected media session. Call handover is requested from the first media session to a second media session over the second transport when the call metric indicates that the quality of the reflected media session meets a threshold.
|Apparatus and Method for Providing Handover Trigger Mechanisms Using Multiple Metrics - A method and apparatus for providing handover trigger mechanisms using multiple metrics in a TD-SCDMA system is provided. The method may comprise determining if a difference between a distance from a UE to a neighbor Node B and a distance from the UE to a serving Node B meets a criteria, and determining whether to perform a handover from said serving Node B to said neighbor Node B based on whether the determined difference meets the criteria.
|Method and Apparatus for Resolving Paging Monitoring Conflicts in Multimode Wireless Equipment - A multimode wireless access terminal is configured to operate in idle mode while registered with a plurality of radio access technologies, for example, a TD-SCDMA network and a WCDMA network, and monitor paging messages, with a reduced likelihood of paging conflicts and missed calls. If the paging conflict is seen at a particular cell, then a cell reselection to another cell may be utilized to change the cell and avoid the conflict. Because the probability of a paging conflict is small due to the short duration of paging indicator messages, the access terminal may have very infrequent paging indicator monitoring conflicts, and when conflicts actually do occur, it is very likely that the UE will find a neighbor cell without conflict.
|ROBUST AND FAST INTER-EBS HANDOFF MECHANISM - A communications system provides a robust and fast inter-base station handoff mechanism, e.g. for networks using Enhanced Base Stations (EBS) equipment. A method for connecting a mobile device to a destination base station in the wireless communications system, may include steps of receiving a mobile device measurement report, transferring context information from a serving base station to possible target base stations, and receiving admission control information from possible target base stations. A priority list of the possible target base stations is calculated and sent to the mobile device. The mobile device connects to one or more of possible target base stations according to the priority list. The method may also entail receiving a release message from one of the possible target base stations to which the mobile device has successfully established a wireless connection, to allow release of resources of the prior serving base station.
|EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF JOINT DETECTION BASED TDSCDMA RECEIVERS - A TD-SCDMA receiver includes a joint detector that receives an input signal from a transceiver. The joint detector analyzes the input signal to determine whether one or more neighboring cells are used in conjunction with a servicing cell. Also, the joint detector assigns a first matrix that includes all coded channels including those associated with the one or neighboring cells so as to formulate a channel matrix. The joint detector uses a selective ratio that has been minimized to define elements of the first matrix so as to efficiently control the bit-width of the joint detector.
|VARIABLE RATE CODING FOR FORWARD LINK - A forward error correction (FEC) block size is maintained at a constant size. Coding rate adjustments may be made by changing the number of information bits per symbol, or Forward Error Code (FEC) coding rate. Therefore, as the number of information bits per symbol is changed, the number of output bits is always maintained. The scheme permits for a greater flexibility and selection of effective data rates.
|FAST SWITCHING OF FORWARD LINK IN WIRELESS SYSTEM - A technique for distributing channel allocation information in a demand access communication system. Multiple access codes are used that have a defined code repeat period or code epoch. For each such epoch duration, a schedule of assignment of traffic channels to active terminals for each epoch is determined. For each terminal designated as active during the epoch, a list of active channels for such terminal unit is assigned. Prior to the start of each epoch, a channel set up message is sent on one of the forward link channels, such as a paging channel, indicating the lists of active channels for epochs of the associated traffic channel(s) that are to follow.
|METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR TIMING SYNCHRONIZATION FOR PEER TO PEER DEVICES OPERATING IN WWAN SPECTRUM - A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product are provided in which a clock timing is determined for utilizing resources including peer-to-peer resources based on a WWAN downlink receive timing and a WWAN uplink transmit timing. In addition, the clock timing is utilized for peer-to-peer communication with the peer-to-peer resources.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING ACKNOWLEDGEMENT/NONACKNOWLEDGEMENT SIGNALS IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A method for transmitting Acknowledgement/Non-Acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) signals by a User Equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system using Carrier Aggregation (CA) is provided. The method includes receiving, from a base station, information on a Primary Cell (Pcell) and a Secondary Cell (Scell), determining a timing position for transmitting the ACK/NACK signals based on the received information, and transmitting, to the base station, the ACK/NACK signals in the determined timing position.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING SYNCHRONOUS HARQ TRANSMISSION - A method and apparatus for supporting synchronous Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) transmission of Uplink are disclosed. When uplink/downlink configurations of multiple CA cellsrrier Aggregation (CA) are different, by configuring the HARQ transmission timing relations of primary cell and secondary cell, it is guaranteed that, with cross-carrier scheduling, the timing relation between a transmission of PUSCH in the Pcell and subsequent retransmission of PUSCH in the Scell is the same as that in Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE Advanced (LTE-A).
|COOPERATIVE TRANSCEIVING BETWEEN WIRELESS INTERFACE DEVICES OF A HOST DEVICE WITH SHARED MODULES - A circuit includes a first wireless interface circuit that transceives packetized data between a host module and a first external device in accordance with a first wireless communication protocol, wherein the first wireless protocol carries wireless telephony data for communication with a wireless telephony network. A second wireless interface circuit transceives packetized data between the host module and a second external device in accordance with a second wireless communication protocol. The second wireless interface circuit includes at least one module that is shared with first wireless interface circuit. The first wireless interface circuit and the second wireless interface circuit operate in accordance with a wireless interface schedule that includes a first time interval where the first wireless interface device and the second wireless interface device contemporaneously use the at least one module.
|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR GLOBAL ANCHOR REGISTRATION - A user equipment (UE) attaches to a first access network, intending to access a packet data network (PDN) via a telecommunications system, and is assigned a PDN System Architecture Evolution (SAE) Gateway (GW). The identity of the PDN SAE GW is registered so that, if the UE attaches to another access network, triggering a new attach procedure, the identity is retrieved. A determination is then made whether the previously-assigned PDN SAE GW may be used for the present communications and, if so, it is reassigned. The identity of the PDN SAE GW is registered in an anchor node, which is in a preferred embodiment a Home Subscriber Server (HSS). If the previously-assigned PDN SAE GW cannot be used, or if the PDN SAE GW must be changed, then the communication is reassigned to a new PDN SAE GW.
|METHOD FOR REPORTING CHANNEL INFORMATION BASED ON LINK ADAPTATION IN WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK AND THE APPARATUS FOR THE SAME - A method for reporting channel information in a wireless local area network system is provided. The method includes receiving a data block for requesting a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) feedback from a requesting station, the data block including a data field and a stream indicator indicating a number of at least one spatial stream in the data field; determining, the MCS feedback based on the data block; and, transmitting the MCS feedback to the requesting station, the MCS feedback including a recommended MCS and a recommended stream indicator indicating a number of at least one recommended spatial stream. The number of the at least one recommended spatial stream in the MCS feedback is equal or less than the number of the at least one spatial stream in the data block.
|COMMUNICATION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING COMMUNICATION DEVICE - A communication apparatus is provided which includes a recognition unit configured to recognize a service of communication using a packet to which a first priority higher than a second priority is set, provided by an external apparatus; a generation unit configured to generate a packet to be transmitted to the external apparatus and to which the first priority is set, in a case that the service is recognized by the recognition unit, and a transmission unit configured to transmit the packet generated by the generation unit for establishing a connection with the external apparatus, wherein the generation unit generates a packet to be transmitted to the external apparatus and to which the second priority is set, in a case that the recognition unit does not recognize a service of communication using a packet to which the first priority is set.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMPUTER BASED COLLABORATION INITIATED VIA A VOICE CALL - A method and infrastructure for online collaboration, cloud computing in which collaboration sessions, known as peering sessions, are triggered by telephone calls. Other systems and methods are disclosed.
|HIERARCHICAL DATA COLLECTION NETWORK SUPPORTING PACKETIZED VOICE COMMUNICATIONS AMONG WIRELESS TERMINALS AND TELEPHONES - A packet-based, hierarchical communication system, arranged in a spanning tree configuration, is described in which wired and wireless communication networks exhibiting substantially different characteristics are employed in an overall scheme to link portable or mobile computing devices. The network accommodates real time voice transmission both through dedicated, scheduled bandwidth and through a packet-based routing within the confines and constraints of a data network. Conversion and call processing circuitry is also disclosed which enables access devices and personal computers to adapt voice information between analog voice stream and digital voice packet formats as proves necessary. Routing pathways include wireless spanning tree networks, wide area networks, telephone switching networks, internet, etc., in a manner virtually transparent to the user. A voice session and associate call setup simulates that of conventional telephone switching network, providing well-understood functionality common to any mobile, remote or stationary terminal, phone, computer, etc.
|Methods, Apparatus and Computer Program Products for Associating Local Telephone Numbers with Emergency Phone Calls in a Packet Switched Telephone Systems - A packet switched telephone system includes a packet switched routing apparatus. The packet switched routing apparatus selectively associates a local telephone number with a phone call based on a called telephone number, and routes the phone call based on the called telephone number. The local telephone number may be substituted for a calling telephone number when the called telephone number corresponds to a predefined number, such as an emergency number. When the called telephone number corresponds to an emergency number, the phone call may be routed with the substituted local telephone number to a Public Safety Access Point (PSAP) that services the local area of the subscriber.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DYNAMIC CALL ROUTING - A telecommunications system is disclosed which may include a VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) network having a plurality of network elements; at least one carrier data center; communication links enabling communication between the network elements and the at least one carrier data center, wherein the carrier data center is operable to receive a query describing a communication session active at a given one of the network elements, over one of the communication links, and to generate a routing table in response to the query.
|APPARATUS FOR HYBRID-TRANSMITTING AND BRIDGING OF A CIRCUIT SERVICE AND A PACKET SERVICE - An apparatus and a system for hybrid-transmitting and bridging of a circuit service and a packet service are provided. The apparatus includes a TDM framing unit, a TDM three-direction cross unit, and a mapping and encapsulating unit. The TDM framing unit implements conversion between a line layer TDM signal outside the apparatus and channel layer TDM signals inside the apparatus, and transmits the channel layer TDM signals to the TDM three-direction cross unit. The TDM three-direction cross unit implements cross scheduling on the channel layer TDM signals from a TDM cross apparatus, the mapping and encapsulating unit, and the TDM framing unit. The mapping and encapsulating unit implements conversion between a channel layer TDM signal from the TDM three-direction cross unit and packet service signals from the packet processing unit.
|VLSI Layouts of Fully Connected Generalized and Pyramid Networks with Locality Exploitation - VLSI layouts of generalized multi-stage and pyramid networks for broadcast, unicast and multicast connections are presented using only horizontal and vertical links with spacial locality exploitation. The VLSI layouts employ shuffle exchange links where outlet links of cross links from switches in a stage in one sub-integrated circuit block are connected to inlet links of switches in the succeeding stage in another sub-integrated circuit block so that said cross links are either vertical links or horizontal and vice versa. Furthermore the shuffle exchange links are employed between different sub-integrated circuit blocks so that spacially nearer sub-integrated circuit blocks are connected with shorter links compared to the shuffle exchange links between spacially farther sub-integrated circuit blocks. In one embodiment the sub-integrated circuit blocks are arranged in a hypercube arrangement in a two-dimensional plane. The VLSI layouts exploit the benefits of significantly lower cross points, lower signal latency, lower power and full connectivity with significantly fast compilation.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING A MULTISTAGE NETWORK USING A TWO-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY OF TILES - A network, including: a first tile having a processor, a first top brick connected to the processor, a first bottom brick, and a first intermediate brick; a second tile having a second intermediate brick and a second bottom brick; multiple connections connecting the first top brick with the second intermediate brick and the first intermediate brick with the second bottom brick using a passthrough on an intermediate tile between the first and second tiles, where the first, the intermediate, and the second tiles are positioned in a row; and a third tile having a plurality of caches connected to a third bottom brick, where the second and third tiles are positioned in a column, and the first bottom brick, the second bottom brick, and the third bottom brick belong to a bottom layer of the network, and where the first and second intermediate bricks belong to an intermediate layer of the network.
|Downstream Synchronous Multichannels for a Communications Management System - Downstream synchronous multichannel (DSSM) communications are provided among a plurality of carriers, each being a completely DOCSIS™ 2.0-compliant downstream. The synchronous multichannels support communications with both DSSM-capable communications nodes and non-DSSM-capable communications nodes (e.g., legacy cable modems). Non-DSSM packets are transmitted on a single channel. DSSM packets are split into multiple pieces, which are transmitted simultaneously on all available channels. Since the physical delay variation (e.g., group delay change) across the adjacent carriers is small (on the order of a symbol time), the multiple pieces arrive at the receiving communications nodes at nearly the same time and can be reassembled with minimal buffering and no packet ordering problems. To avoid causing trouble for the non-DSSM-capable communications nodes, the packet pieces are encapsulated with a header that causes the non-DSSM-capable communications nodes to silently discard them.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SWITCHING CONNECTION TO A COMMUNICATION NETWORK - An apparatus includes first and second processors, a common memory, and a switch. The first processor executes an operating system, connects to a communication network and communicates with the communication network. The second processor operates independently of the operating system, connects to the communication network, and communicates with the communication network. The second processor writes, in the common memory, communication setting information being used by the second processor when the switch switches the connection destination from the second processor to the first processor. The first processor acquires the communication setting information, and sets the acquired communication setting information to the first processor. The switch switches the connection destination of the communication network from the second processor to the first processor after the communication setting information has been set to the first processor.
|REPEATING DEVICE, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION METHOD AND RECORDING MEDIUM FOR RECORDING PROGRAM - A repeating device according to the present invention is connected with a communication device sending and receiving a packet via a network, for relaying the packet. The repeating device includes a destination determination unit for determining whether a destination of a received retransmission packet is within a communication system including the repeating device or outside the communication system and a retransmission control unit for performing retransmission control of the received retransmission packet, when a result of the determination shows a destination of the received retransmission packet is outside the communication system, and requesting retransmission control of the received retransmission packet to a transmission source of the received retransmission packet, when the result of the determination shows the destination of the received retransmission packet is within the communication system.
|METHODS OF IMPLEMENTING DYNAMIC QUALITY OF SERVICE OR BANDWIDTH PROVISIONING - A method of operating a data network may include establishing a data path through the data network between a routing gateway and service provider equipment providing a data service. Moreover, the data service may be provided for use at the routing gateway over the data path during a data session. A request may be received from the service provider equipment where the request defines a data flow characteristic for the data path between the routing gateway and the service provider equipment providing the data service. The data flow characteristic may then be transmitted to a network element along the data path between the routing gateway and the service provider equipment. A request from service provider equipment can include an allowed bandwidth or prioritization. Related methods, data networks, data service providers, routing gateways, and computer program products are also discussed.
|Method and Device for Transparent Interception of Socket Connections - A method and device is provided for managing data transmission on a network. The device includes Transparent Interceptor for transparently intercepting socket connections from first parties to one or more second parties. A signal socket connection is established to each second party. When one or more first parties request a data stream to a second party, the device distributes the data stream obtained from the second party through the single socket connection to one or more first parties. Data processor of the device may operate on data contents from the first or second party. A customized protocol may be used for the data transmission.
|MULTICAST LOAD BALANCING - A method may include receiving a packet; identifying the packet as a multicast packet for sending to a plurality of destination nodes; selecting a first forwarding table or a second forwarding table for sending the packet to each of the plurality of destination nodes, wherein the first forwarding table includes first port information associated with a first destination and second port information associated with a second destination, and wherein the second forwarding table includes third port information associated with the second destination; sending the packet to the first destination using the first port; and sending the packet to the second destination using the second port when the first forwarding table is selected and sending the packet to the second destination using the third port when the second forwarding table is selected.
|Accelerated Routing Convergence - In an embodiment, a method comprises: determining that a session restart on a restarting node has been initiated; in response to determining that the restarting node has preserved a last acknowledged version of routing information received from a peer node, and determining that the restarting node has preserved a routing state corresponding to the last acknowledged version of routing information, transmitting to the peer node a message indicating that the last acknowledged version of routing information and the routing state have been preserved at the restarting node; wherein the method is performed by one or more computing devices.
|METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INTELLIGENT ENERGY NETWORK MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM - A system for providing network infrastructure for energy management and control is disclosed. A controller integrates powerline and wireless networking technologies in order to provide an integrated network. A gateway sends and receives command and control data across the integrated network. Client devices may connect to the integrated network and perform a variety of functions. An appliance module may send and receive data across the integrated network in relation to a particular appliance. A panel meter may send and receive data across the integrated network in relation to data measured at a distribution panel. A serial bridge may connect various devices to the integrated network. Computing devices may remotely or locally connect to the integrated network and send and receive data.
|Similarity Searching in Large Disk-Based Networks - Techniques for determining a shortest path in a disk-based network are provided. The techniques include creating a compressed representation of an underlying disk resident network graph, wherein creating a compressed representation of an underlying disk resident network graph comprises determining one or more dense regions in the disk resident graph and compacting the one or more dense regions into one or more compressed nodes, associating one or more node penalties with the one or more compressed nodes, wherein the one or more node penalties reflect a distance of a sub-path within a compressed node, and performing a query on the underlying disk resident network graph using the compressed representation and one or more node penalties to determine a shortest path in the disk-based network to reduce the number of accesses to a physical disk.
|FRAME AND DATA PATTERN STRUCTURE FOR MULTI-CARRIER SYSTEMS - A transmitting apparatus for transmitting signals in a multi carrier system on the basis of a frame structure, each frame including at least one signalling pattern and one or more data patterns, said transmitting apparatus including frame forming means for arranging first signalling data in the at least one signalling pattern in a frame, and adapted to arrange data in the one or more data patterns in a frame, whereby the data of the one or more data patterns are arranged in data frames, each data frame comprising second signalling data and content data, transforming means for transforming the at least one signalling pattern and the one or more data patterns from the frequency domain into the time domain in order to generate a time domain transmission signal, and transmitting means for transmitting the time domain transmission signal.
|TECHNIQUE FOR SWITCHING BETWEEN 1X AND 2X OVERSAMPLING RATE IN A TD-SCDMA RECEIVER - A TD-SCDMA receiver is provided that includes a joint detection (JD) block receiving a first input signal from a channel estimation block for signal detection. A short channel detection (SCD) block receives the first input signal and detecting the presence/absence of an AGWN-like channel based on the first input signal from the channel estimation block. The SCD block switches the JD block between 1× and 2× oversampling rates by sending to the JD block a second input signal.
|SIGNAL DEMULTIPLEXING DEVICE, SIGNAL DEMULTIPLEXING METHOD AND NON-TRANSITORY COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM STORING A SIGNAL DEMULTIPLEXING PROGRAM - Provided is a signal demultiplexing system that can minimize losses in demultiplexing performance even if signals unsuited to demultiplexing are inputted. The provided signal demultiplexing device contains: an input signal analysis means for determining whether or not a plurality of input signals are suited to demultiplexing; a data memory means for storing data from frequency-domain input signals which result from transformation of the aforementioned input signals into frequency-domain signals; a selection control means for storing the frequency-domain input signals in the data memory means if the input signal analysis means has determined that the input signals are suited to the generation of a demultiplexing matrix for demultiplexing; and a demultiplexing matrix generation means for generating a demultiplexing matrix using frequency-domain input signals including the most recent and older frequency-domain input signals stored in the data memory means.
|METHOD FOR GENERATING A ROBUST TIMING CORRECTION IN TIMING TRANSFER SYSTEMS - High accuracy timing over packet networks is achieved by generating correction factors from multiple separation intervals and timing information contained in packets in both directions between a master and a slave. The methods are based on evaluating the weighted average of short-term, medium-term, and long-term measurements of local clock offset. Weighted averages are used to develop robust correction terms that are modified with an α-shaping factor to provide additional immunity to packet network instabilities.
|NOVEL LOW LATENCY AND SELF-ADJUSTING FRAME SYNCHRONIZATION ALGORITHM FOR DATA STREAMING APPLICATIONS - A method for synchronizing frames when a frame synchronization pattern is lost is provided. The method includes forcing a frame state machine to an operate mode following an initial synchronization, searching for the frame synchronization pattern on a bit level while running the frame state machine in the operate mode, and correcting for synchronization on the bit level while running the frame state machine in the operate mode when synchronization is lost. The initial synchronization includes a search mode.
|HIGH SPEED AND HIGH JITTER TOLERANCE DISPATCHER - A deserializer circuit includes demultiplexer circuitry configured to receive serial data from an input and output a plurality of divided data outputs, and multiplexer circuitry configured to receive a first logic level at a first input of said multiplexer circuitry, and receive a second logic level at a second input of said multiplexer circuitry and receive one of said divided data outputs at a control input of said multiplexer circuitry. The outputs of the multiplexer circuitry produce the received serial data in a parallel form.
|RECEIVER FOR RECEIVING AND DISPLAYING A PLURALITY OF STREAMS THROUGH SEPARATE ROUTES, METHOD FOR PROCESSING THE PLURALITY OF STREAMS AND TRANSMITTING METHOD THEREOF - A receiver is provided. The receiver includes a first receiving unit which receives a first stream over a broadcasting network; a second receiving unit which receives a second stream over a communication network; a data processing unit which detects aggregation information from at least one of the first and second streams, and which assembles and processes data of the first stream and data of the second stream according to the aggregation information; and an output unit which outputs the data processed by the data processing unit. Thus, relevant data can be assembled and processed easily.
|Method For Transferring Control Signals And Data Signals, Circuit Configuration For Transferring And Receiving - A method for transferring control signals and data signals, particularly in a motor vehicle. The control signals and the data signals are transferred by a physical medium. The control signals or the data signals are modulated prior to transferring. The modulated signals and the non-modulated signals are sent by the physical medium.
|Single Mode High Power Fiber Laser System - A high power single mode fiber laser system has a monolithic active fiber configured with a double bottleneck-shaped multimode (MM) core which is capable of supporting substantially only a fundamental mode at a given wavelength. The core has opposite uniformly configured end regions, frustoconical transformer regions running inwards from the respective end regions, and a central uniformly-dimensioned region which bridges the transformer regions. The MM core is configured with a refractive step-index profile which includes a continuous dip configured to shape an intensity field of the fundamental mode from a Gaussian or dome-shaped field profile to a two-peak-shaped profile and back to the Gaussian filed profile.
|Thulium and/or Holmium Doped Germanosilicate Glasses for Two Micron Lasers - A laser glass fiber with a core of the fiber comprising a germanosilicate glass host, one or more glass network modifiers, one or more glass network intermediators, and Thulium ions, Holmium ions, or a combination of Thulium ions and Holmium ions. The fiber emits laser light from 1.7 micron to 2.2 micron.
|PULSED LASER SOURCES - Modelocked fiber laser resonators may be coupled with optical amplifiers. An isolator optionally may separate the resonator from the amplifier. A reflective optical element on one end of the resonator having a relatively low reflectivity may be employed to couple light from the resonator to the amplifier. Enhanced pulse-width control may be provided with concatenated sections of both polarization-maintaining and non-polarization-maintaining fibers. Apodized fiber Bragg gratings and integrated fiber polarizers may also be included in the laser cavity to assist in linearly polarizing the output of the cavity. Very short pulses with a large optical bandwidth may be obtained by matching the dispersion value of the grating to the inverse of the dispersion of the intra-cavity fiber. Frequency comb sources may be constructed from such modelocked fiber oscillators. Low dispersion and an in-line interferometer that provides feedback may assist in controlling the frequency components output from the comb source.
|INEXPENSIVE VARIABLE REP-RATE SOURCE FOR HIGH-ENERGY, ULTRAFAST LASERS - System for converting relatively long pulses from rep-rate variable ultrafast optical sources to shorter, high-energy pulses suitable for sources in high-energy ultrafast lasers. Fibers with positive group velocity dispersion (GVD) and self phase modulation are advantageously employed with the optical sources. These systems take advantage of the need for higher pulse energies at lower repetition rates so that such sources can be cost effective.
|OPTICAL DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME - An optical device includes: a light source that emits laser beams; a detecting unit that detects the laser beams and converts light amounts of the detected laser beams into voltage values; a first storage unit that stores in advance a light amount to be output for each of the laser beams and the voltage value; a second storage unit that stores in advance a value indicating light use efficiency of an optical system that guides the laser beams to a surface to be scanned for scanning; a calculating unit that calculates a target voltage value for each of the laser beams based on the light amount and the voltage value and also on the value indicating the light use efficiency; and a control unit that controls emission power for each of the laser beams so that the voltage value output from the detecting unit approaches the target voltage value.
|Passively Q-switched Microlaser - A passively Q-switched laser comprises a pump laser diode, a micro laser resonant cavity including a lasing medium and a saturable absorber, a filter and a photodiode. The lasing medium and saturable absorber are bonded together, and dielectric film is coated on the surfaces of the bonded body to form the laser resonant cavity. The filter reflects a portion of the Q-switched laser pulse beam. The photodiode can detect and convert the laser pulse to electric signal for triggering purpose.
|Bias circuit of electro-absorption modulated laser and calibration method thereof - A bias circuit of an electro-absorption modulated laser and a calibration method thereof are provided. The bias circuit includes a drive circuit and a direct current bias voltage circuit. The drive circuit is used for providing a forward bias voltage to a laser diode in the electro-absorption modulated laser to generate laser. The direct current bias voltage circuit is connected to a cathode of an electro-absorption modulator in the electro-absorption modulated laser, and provides a positive direct current bias voltage to the cathode to enable the reverse bias voltage of the electro-absorption modulator to fall within the range of modulation. When the reverse bias voltage falls within the range of modulation, the electro-absorption modulator utilizes the laser generated by the laser diode as optical carrier wave, modulates the optical carrier wave with the modulation voltage, and outputs a modulated optical signal.
|OPTICALLY-PUMPED SURFACE-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR LASER WITH HEAT-SPREADING COMPOUND MIRROR-STRUCTURE - A gain-module for use in an OPS-laser includes a multilayer semiconductor gain-structure surmounting a multilayer compound mirror-structure. Within the multilayer compound mirror-structure is a relatively thick layer of diamond which serves as a heat-spreader.
|LASER OSCILLATOR CONTROLLER - Provided is a method for controlling a laser oscillator. Such a laser oscillator is applicable to a laser processing machine and includes a plurality of oscillator modules each adapted to be driven to oscillate a laser beam. Also, such a laser oscillator is configured to collect laser beams oscillated by driven modules for output. The method includes determining the number of modules to be driven, of the plurality of oscillator modules.
|STABILIZATION OF GREEN BODIES VIA SACRIFICIAL GELLING AGENT DURING ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION - In one embodiment, a method for electrophoretic deposition of a three-dimensionally patterned green body includes suspending a first material in a gelling agent above a patterned electrode of an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) chamber, and gelling the suspension while applying a first electric field to the suspension to cause desired patterning of the first material in a resulting gelation. In another embodiment, a ceramic, metal, or cermet includes a plurality of layers, wherein each layer includes a gradient in composition, microstructure, and/or density in an x-y plane oriented parallel to a plane of deposition of the plurality of layers along a predetermined distance in a z-direction perpendicular to the plane of deposition.
|SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DEVICE - A semiconductor laser according to the present invention comprises a λ/2 dielectric film (λ: in-medium wavelength of a dielectric film, for example, SiO
|III-NITRIDE SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING III-NITRIDE SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DEVICE - A Group III nitride semiconductor laser device includes a laser structure including a support substrate with a semipolar primary surface of a hexagonal Group III nitride semiconductor, and a semiconductor region thereon, and an electrode, provided on the semiconductor region, extending in a direction of a waveguide axis in the laser device. The c-axis of the nitride semiconductor is inclined at an angle ALPHA relative to a normal axis to the semipolar surface toward the waveguide axis direction. The laser structure includes first and second fractured faces intersecting with the waveguide axis. A laser cavity of the laser device includes the first and second fractured faces extending from edges of first and second faces. The first fractured face includes a step provided at an end face of an InGaN layer of the semiconductor region and extending in a direction from one side face to the other of the laser device.
|Interband Cascade Lasers with Engineered Carrier Densities - Methods for improving the performance of type-II and type-I ICLs, particularly in the mid-IR wavelength range, are provided. The electron injector of a type-II or a type-I ICL can be heavily n-doped to increase the ratio of electrons to holes in the active quantum wells, thereby increasing the probability of radiative recombination in the active quantum wells and reducing the threshold current density J
|NITRIDE SEMICONDUCTOR LASER AND EPITAXIAL SUBSTRATE - A nitride semiconductor laser includes an electrically conductive support substrate with a primary surface of a gallium nitride based semiconductor, an active layer provided above the primary surface, and a p-type cladding region provided above the primary surface. The primary surface is inclined relative to a reference plane perpendicular to a reference axis extending in a direction of the c-axis of the gallium nitride based semiconductor. The p-type cladding region includes first and second p-type Group III nitride semiconductor layers. The first p-type semiconductor layer comprises an InAlGaN layer including built-in anisotropic strain. The second p-type semiconductor layer comprises semiconductor different from material of the InAlGaN layer. The first nitride semiconductor layer is provided between the second p-type semiconductor layer and the active layer. The second p-type semiconductor layer has a resistivity lower than that of the first p-type semiconductor layer.
|HIGH-PRECISION SYNCHRONIZATION OF PULSED GAS-DISCHARGE LASERS - Two excimer lasers have individual pulsing circuits each including a storage capacitor which is charged and then discharged through a pulse transformer to generate an electrical pulse, which is delivered to the laser to generate a light pulse. The time between generation of the electrical pulse and creation of the light pulse is dependent on the charged voltage of the capacitor. The capacitors are charged while disconnected from each other. The generation of the electrical pulses is synchronized by connecting the capacitors together for a brief period after the capacitors are charged to equalize the charging voltages. The capacitors are disconnected from each other before they are discharged.
|DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK SURFACE EMITTING LASER - A photonic crystal surface emitting laser array reduces the occurrence of reflected feedback light while also reducing input of leaking light. The photonic crystal surface emitting laser array includes a plurality of first photonic crystal regions that cause laser oscillation, a second photonic crystal region that causes light diffraction to occur in an out-of-plane direction, and a light absorber that is provided above the second photonic crystal region and that absorbs light having a wavelength λ. A radiation coefficient of each first photonic crystal region is smaller than a radiation coefficient of the second photonic crystal region.
|ELECTRODE FOR DIRECT CURRENT CONTINUOUS ARC FURNACE - Bottom electrode or anode for continuous direct current arc furnaces, provided with a cooling system which allows to improve the effectiveness of the cooling action of the bottom electrode, made in the shape of bimetallic billet, for the purpose of ensuring a sufficient height of the portion of said electrode which remains solid during the operation of the furnace, also when there is a very high electric load.
|Diffusion Furnaces Employing Ultra Low Mass Transport Systems and Methods of Wafer Rapid Diffusion Processing - Multi-zone, solar cell diffusion furnaces having a plurality of radiant element (SiC) or/and high intensity IR lamp heated process zones, including baffle, ramp-up, firing, soaking and cooling zone(s). The transport of solar cell wafers, e.g., silicon, selenium, germanium or gallium-based solar cell wafers, through the furnace is implemented by use of an ultra low-mass, wafer transport system comprising laterally spaced shielded, synchronously driven, metal bands or chains carrying non-rotating alumina tubes suspended on wires between them. The wafers rest on raised circumferential standoffs spaced laterally along the alumina tubes, which reduces contamination. The high intensity IR flux rapidly photo-radiation conditions the wafers so that diffusion occurs>3× faster than conventional high-mass thermal furnaces. Longitudinal side wall heaters comprising coil heaters in Inconel sheaths inserted in carrier tubes are employed to insure even heating of wafer edges adjacent the side walls.
|METHOD OF CALIBRATING A HEATER SYSTEM - A method of calibrating a heater system for heating a surface of a structure, the heater system including a heater element, a temperature sensor proximate the heater element for outputting a signal indicative of the temperature of the heater element, and a controller for controlling the supply of power to the heater element in dependence on the signal to maintain the temperature of the heater element at a first substantially constant temperature. The method comprises: immersing the structure in a fluid for maintaining the surface of the structure at a second substantially constant temperature; supplying an amount of power to the heater element; receiving the signal from the temperature sensor and determining a temperature at the temperature sensor; and determining a setpoint temperature for controlling the heater element in dependence on the signal and the second substantially constant temperature.
|INFRARED SENSOR AND A CIRCUIT BOARD EQUIPPED THEREWITH - An infrared sensor allows for a large temperature difference between a temperature sensor for the detection of infrared rays and a temperature sensor for temperature compensation; a reduction in size; and a low manufacturing cost. The infrared sensor comprises: an electrical insulating film sheet; first temperature sensor and second temperature sensor which are provided on one side of the electrical insulating film sheet, and are located at a distance from each other; first foil conductor patterns formed on one side face of the electrical insulating film sheet, and are connected to the first temperature sensor; second foil conductor patterns formed on the one side of the electrical insulating film sheet, and are connected to the second temperature sensor; and an infrared reflector film provided on the other side of the electrical insulating film sheet, and is opposite the second temperature sensor across the electrical insulating film sheet.
|TEMPERATURE MEASURING APPARATUS - Disclosed is a temperature measuring apparatus which is provided with: a substrate (
|METHOD FOR CALCULATING CAUSAL IMPULSE RESPONSE FROM A BAND-LIMITED SPECTRUM - A computer-implemented method for calculating a time-domain impulse response with improved causality based on a first spectrum in a frequency domain is disclosed. The first spectrum may be band-limited. The method may calculate a first time-domain impulse response from the first spectrum. The method may remove a non-causal portion of the first system time-domain impulse response to obtain a second time-domain impulse response, and calculate a second spectrum of the second time-domain impulse response. The method may further modify the second spectrum by adding a causal signal such that a difference between the second spectrum and the first spectrum is reduced. The method may also calculate the time-domain impulse response with improved causality from the modified second spectrum.
|ANTENNA SELECTION AND TRAINING USING A SPATIAL SPREADING MATRIX FOR USE IN A WIRELESS MIMO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Channel sounding information is received by a first communication device during an antenna selection training procedure. Antenna selection computations are performed, and the computations (i) assume that a second communication device uses a first N
|Chirp Communications - A transmitter configured to communicate a data chirp signal to a receiver, the chirp signal comprising at least one symbol, each symbol comprising one or more identical chirps, each symbol having a different gradient to another symbol in the chirp signal, each chirp encoding a symbol value, the transmitter comprising: an address encoding module configured to encode an address associated with the communication via the sequence of gradients of the symbols in the chirp signal; a data encoding module configured to encode data in the chirp signal via the symbol value of each chirp; and a transmitting module configured to transmit the data chirp signal to the receiver.
|Chirp Communications - A method for receiving chirp signals at a receiver device according to a protocol in which each chirp signal has a gradient known to the receiver device, the method comprising: receiving a chirp signal having a first gradient g; generating a reference chirp signal having a second gradient g′, wherein the second gradient g′ differs from the first gradient g by a fixed value v; multiplying the reference chirp signal and the received chirp signal so as to form a mixed chirp signal; and detecting the received chirp signal by correlating the mixed chirp signal with a fixed gradient correlating chirp signal.
|DOUBLE-LAYER MULTI-CARRIER ULTRA-WIDEBAND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION METHOD - The present invention is a double-layer multi-carrier ultra-wideband wireless communication method, wherein the frequency band for ultra-wideband communication is divided into a plurality of sub-bands, then one or more sub-bands are used for data transmission, and the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) multi-carrier transmission technology is used in each sub-band. In the transmitting party, the data symbols to be transmitted are allocated on M branches corresponding to the M sub-bands, and the OFDM modulation is implemented on the data symbols on each branch to obtain M branches of parallel data, then digital baseband multi-carrier modulation is implemented on the M branches of parallel data. Thereby, the spectrum of data on each branch is moved onto the digital sub-band corresponding to the radio sub-band one to one, so the digital baseband signal of the radio signal to be transmitted is obtained. Then, the digital signal is converted to an analog signal with a D/A conversion and an up-conversion, and the signal spectrum is moved to the radio frequency band in use, then the analog signal is amplified, filtered and transmitted via an antenna, thus the task of modulating M branches of parallel data onto M sub-bands is completed.
|MODULATION SIGNALS FOR A SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEM - The present invention relates to a modulation system in which an m-level, m>2, digital subcarrier is used to modulate a signal.
|SIMPLE AND ROBUST DIGITAL CODE TRACKING LOOP FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - A simple and robust CTL is used for time tracking of multipath components of a spread spectrum signal transmitted over a wireless multipath fading channel. A digital code-tracking loop includes despreading early and late data samples by use of a pseudonoise sequence, an error signal output generated by the despreading, and adjustment for a plurality of on-time, early and late samples, a data rate of a control signal provided as a fractional proportion of a data rate of error signals.
|DATA DETECTION FOR CODES WITH NON-UNIFORM SPREADING FACTORS - A plurality of communication signals is received. Each communication signal has an associated code. At least two of the communication signals have a different spreading factor. The associated codes have a scrambling code period. A total system response matrix has blocks. Each block has one dimension of a length M and another dimension of a length based on in part M and the spreading factor of each communication. M is based on the scrambling code period. Data of the received plurality of communication signals is received using the constructed system response matrix.
|DEMULTIPLEXING DEVICE, MULTIPLEXING DEVICE, AND RELAY DEVICE - A demultiplexing device that can reduce power consumption. The demultiplexing device includes frequency-conversion and reception low-pass-filter units that perform a frequency converting process and a low-pass filtering process causing a signal to pass through a desired band, perform downsampling to reduce a sampling rate to half of a data rate of an input signal, and output the signal, reception channel-filter units that waveform-shape a signal with a desired frequency characteristic and output the waveform-shaped signal, a filter-bank control unit that generates a clock control signal for supplying a clock to frequency-conversion and reception low-pass-filter units and reception channel-filter units corresponding to signal passage bands, based on channel information, and a reception-clock supply unit that supplies a clock to frequency-conversion and reception low-pass-filter units and reception channel-filter units corresponding to signal passage bands, based on the clock control signal.
|Method and Apparatus for Data Transmission Oriented on the Object, Communication Media, Agents, and State of Communication Systems - A method and apparatus for Data Transmission Oriented on the Object, Communication Media, Agents, and State of Communication Systems (TOMAS) is disclosed. The efficiency of data communication of the proposed method is superior to the one of the conventional systems. This is achieved by matching the requirements (restored data quality, transmission speed, etc.) of agents (ex. a human, hardware device, firmware, software) to capabilities of the communication systems (ex. hardware, firmware and software performance; screen size, etc.) and the communication media (ex. a wireless link, twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optic link, waveguide, etc.), and exploiting certain data object (audio, video, control data, etc.) features. The superior efficiency is also achieved by using a fast algorithm at the stage of data object analysis-synthesis and the codestream multiplexing-demultiplexing.
|APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR ENVELOPE TRACKING - Apparatus and methods for envelope tracking are disclosed. In one embodiment, a power amplifier system including a power amplifier and an envelope tracker is provided. The power amplifier is configured to amplify a radio frequency (RF) signal, and the envelope tracker is configured to control a supply voltage of the power amplifier using an envelope of the RF signal. The envelope tracker includes a buck converter for generating a buck voltage from a battery voltage and a digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) module for adjusting the buck voltage based on the envelope of the RF signal to generate the supply voltage for the power amplifier.
|DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING A DEVICE - An Ethernet device able to connect to an Ethernet socket. The Ethernet device comprises a common carrier carrying functional circuitry for at least one function, Ethernet controller circuitry, and contacts for connecting to the Ethernet socket.
|Frequency Spectrum and Modulation Scheme Allocation for High Speed Data Networks - Embodiments provide solutions to reduce power utilization (either at individual cable modems or in the overall network) in future cable modem networks. Particularly, embodiments seek to reduce power utilization at individual cable modems and in the overall network, by allocating upstream frequency bands and/or transmission modulation schemes among cable modems while accounting for cable loss experienced by individual upstream cable modem transmissions. According to embodiments, frequency spectrum and modulation scheme allocation techniques are provided to optimize power utilization and enable lower upstream transmission power by cable modems while maintaining similar signal strength of received signals or lower signal strength with reduced SNR requirements using lower capacity modulation at the headend.
|PHASE DETECTOR, PHASE DETECTING METHOD, AND CLOCK-AND-DATA RECOVERY DEVICE - A phase detector includes a first sampling unit, a sampling module and a phase determining module. The first sampling unit is arranged for sampling a first data input signal to generate a first data signal according to a first clock signal. The sampling module includes a second sampling unit and a third sampling unit. The second sampling unit is arranged for sampling a second data input signal to generate a second data signal according to a second clock signal. The third sampling unit is arranged for sampling the second data signal to generate a third data signal according to the first clock signal. The phase determining module is arranged for generating a phase detecting result according to the first data signal and the third data signal.


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Surya Henna, Brasil Cream, Hair Coloring & Hair Treatment, Mahogany, 2.31 fl oz (70 ml) (Discontinued Item)
- You earn loyalty credit for every order you place at iHerb!
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Surya Henna, Brasil Cream, Hair Coloring & Hair Treatment, Mahogany, 2.31 fl oz (70 ml) (Discontinued Item)
Shipping Weight:?0.3 lbsSwitch to Metric units
- Product Code: SUH-70078
- UPC Code: 7896544700789
- Package Quantity: 2.31 fl oz (70 ml)
6.4 x 2.6 x 1.8 in, 0.25 lbsSwitch to Metric units
- Guaranteed to Cover Gray and White Hair on the First Application
- Hair Coloring and Hair Treatment Cream with Organic Extracts
- Hypoallergenic and Dermatologically Tested
- Cruelty Free
- Certified Vegan
- IMS Certified: ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004
- Made in Brazil
This package contains:
- 1 bottle of pre-mixed hair color (2.31 fl oz/70 ml)
- 1 pair of plastic gloves
- 1 plastic cap
- Directions of use
Surya Henna Cream colors while conditioning, moisturizing and revitalizing your hair. Our formula, enriched with organic extracts, nourishes hair for increased luster, softness and elasticity. Our unique coloring process does not strip the melanin from the cortex of the hair, but rather forms a protective coat of rich semi-permanent color around each strand.
Surya Henna Cream as a new concept in hair coloring and treatment; it won't harm your hair or your health. Based in the principles of Ayurveda, Surya Henna Cream is formulated with a botanical complex of 15 herbs and fruits from India and Brazil's Amazon rainforest.
Natural Properties
Henna: Moisturizers and forms a protective layer on each hair strand.
Arnica: Functions as a capillary stimulant and as a vasoprotector.
Guaraná: A Brazilian fruit that moisturizes and acts as an emollient and remineralizer.
Açai: A Brazilian fruit that functions as a capillary stimulant.
Juá: A Brazilian fruit that is anti-inflammatory and stimulates circulation of the scalp.
Aloe Vera: An emollient that moisturizes and softens.
Brazil Nut: An emollient that moisturizes, revitalizes and conditions.
Surya Henna Cream Benefits
- Guaranteed to cover gray and white hair on first application!
- Intensive treatment and shine from scalp to hair-ends
- Safe for damaged or chemically treated hair including perms, body waves, relaxed, highlighted and color treated hair
- Raw materials extracted with environmental responsibility, pursuing sustainable development.
Suggested Use
To choose your desired color, follow the chart which shows examples of this tone applied to different hair colors.
For better results, read and strictly follow the use instructions and color chart enclosed.
See inside instructions to use this product.
Keep out of reach of children. Do not swallow. This product must not be used for dyeing eyelashes or eyebrows. In case of eye contact, rinse with plenty of water. Conduct a sensitivity test before using this product. For external use only.
Deionized water (aqua), dipropylene glycol methyl ether, genipa americana extract, cetearyl alcohol, centrimonium chloride, orbignya oleifera (babaçu) seed oil, glycerin, hydroxyethylcellulose, essential oils rose flower (rose), cananga odorata (ylang ylang), jasminum officinale (jasmin) and santalum álbum (sandalo), achillea millefolium extract*, aloe barbadensis (aloe vera) leaf extract*, arnica montana extract*, bertholletia excelsa (brazil nut) extract*, chamomila recutita (camomila) extract*, corylus rostrata (hazel) seed extract*, daucus carota sativa (carrot) root extract*, euterpe oleracea (açai) fruit extract*, lawsonia inermis (henna) leaf extract*, malphigia punicifolia fruit extract*, malva sylvestris extract*, paullinia cupana (guaranä) fruit extract*, phyllanthus emblica (amla) fruit extract*, ziziphus joaseiro (juá) extract*, benzyl alcohol (and) dehydroacetic acid, aminomethyl propanol, sodium citrate, HC blue 2, HC yellow 4, HC red 1, HC red 3.
*Ingredients proceeding from Organic Farming.
Does not contain ammonia, PPD, peroxide, parabens, resorcinol, heavy metals or GMO's.
Made with selected and imported raw material from India and Brazil.
Great Henna
Verified Purchase
Great Henna
I was very sceptical to try this out but had no choice as I had run out of my French Henna. I have been trying various other henna products out in the market and was very unhappy until I tried this. This is GREAT, it made my hair feel so soft and the color got into the gray hair as well (just as it says). I love it and so happy that I do not have to travel to Europe to find the good henna! It is an absolutley fantastic product!!!
Was this review helpful to you?
Attn - If you have a lot of GREY in your hair do NOT use this color
Posted by iHerb Customer on May 09, 2017 | Verified Purchase
I would say I had a fair amount of grey mixed in with my brown hair when I tried this. Long story short, the result was atrocious. My hair became a comical clown like ugly shade of orange for weeks until it faded out.
Great product
Posted by iHerb Customer on Oct 11, 2014 | Verified Purchase
This is a great product, easy to use. I ordered it for my daughter. The color is a little too subtle in her opinion. Next time, we are trying the Reddish Dark Blond. I'm really glad iHerb references this product and ships it all the way to France !
Doesn't dye your hair much + wrong colour
Posted by A1725-6887 on Aug 13, 2014 | Verified Purchase
I used to be of high opinion about this product, but my last experience with it proved me wrong. First, the colour on the box is WRONG. It's not even close to red, it's orange or yellow, whatever... Second, I spent 90 minutes only to see that there was no significant difference to the colour of my roots, and I could sort of see where they merged into the rest of my hair. It got better after a couple of days, but still... Not sure I will use this henna cream once again.
great product
Posted by iHerb Customer on Dec 19, 2013 | Verified Purchase
great product
Only hair color I will EVER use!
Posted by iHerb Customer on Oct 24, 2013 | Verified Purchase
Awesome natural product! My hair is in better condition after I use it! Makes it so soft, shiny and strong.

subset: commoncrawl


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According to data released on Monday by the Institute of Tourism Studies (IET) under the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism, the low cost airlines carried 24.1 million passengers through to August, representing an increase of 3.2% over the same period of last year.
In contrast, the traditional airline companies transported more than 20 million passengers in the first eight months of the year, an increase of 2.2% over the same period in 2012.
Thus, Cinco Dias reported that, between January and August 2013, the low cost airlines accounted for more than half of the air traffic, with 54.6%, compared with the traditional airlines, which represented 45.4% of the travellers.
The United Kingdom and German markets led in the arrivals via low cost airlines, with 33.5% and 18.7% of passengers, respectively. The British market recorded an increase of 4.4%, to more than eight million passengers, and the German market rose by 9.6% (to 4.5 million passengers).
Arrivals from Italy, the third source market, reduced by 14.3% to 2.2 million passengers, and accounted for 9.3% of the total arrivals via low cost airlines. France was fourth, with 7% of the total and 1.6 million passengers, 2.7% more than last year.
After the French market, came the Netherlands, with their arrivals dropping by 0.6% (to 1.3 million passengers), representing 5.6% of the total.
Denmark registered the largest percentage increase, up 37.9% so far this year with a total of 471,389 passengers. In addition, travellers from Norway increased by 36.7%, to 593,362 visitors.
The Spanish airports most used by low cost airlines up until August, were Barcelona-El Prat, with 4.8 million passengers and an increase of 5.6%; Palma de Mallorca, with 4.3 million passengers and an increase of 8.1%; Malaga, up 9.2% to 2.8 million passengers, and Alicante, which received over 2.4 million passengers, representing an increase of 12.1%.
Madrid-Barajas Airport, however, experienced a drop of 19% to August, registering 1.9 million passengers, and Valencia airport recorded a decrease of 3.7%, with a total of 759,635 passengers.
Occupancy Rate of 84.3%
In August, the flight occupancy rate of low cost airlines reached 84.3%, similar to the same month of last year, and the traditional companies reached 80.8%, one percentage point more.
Ryanair, easyJet and Vueling were the main 'low cost' airlines in August, together transporting 58.4% of all travellers who chose low cost airlines. Vueling stood out again in August for the significant growth in their business.
By region, Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and Andalusia led the ranking of arrivals via low cost airlines in the first eight months of the year.
Catalonia accounted for 24.8% of arrivals and 5.9 million passengers, an increase of 5.6%. The Balearic Islands came next, with 22.9% of the total, receiving 5.5 million travellers, up 8.6%, and Andalusia, with 3.4 million passengers, recorded a rise of 6.8%.
These regions were followed by Valencia, with 3.2 million passengers (+8%), the Canary Islands, which remained stable with 2.9 million, and Madrid, with 1.9 million visitors (-19%).
4.2% More Passengers in August
In August, the low cost airlines carried more than 4.2 million passengers, up 4.2%, while the traditional airlines reached 3.3 million passengers, representing a rise of 1.9% compared with the same month in 2012.
Of the total 7.6 million passengers who travelled to Spain in August – up 3.2% over the previous year – 56.3% chose a low cost airline. In contrast, 43.7% of passengers flew to Spain during the month of August with traditional airlines.
Year-on-year the Scandinavian countries registered significant growth – 32.2% for Norway and 24% for Denmark – however, the UK, German and Italian markets remained the main source of passengers, accounting for 63.2% of the total.


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LOS ANGELES ( TheStreet) -- Merger or no merger, American ( AAMRQ.PK) is working to build a stronger hub at Los Angeles International Airport, an airport that no single airline has been able to dominate. Instead, four airlines have market shares between 11% and 18%, according to Los Angeles International Airport passenger counts for January and February. United ( UAL) had 18%, American had 16%, Delta ( DAL) had 12% and Southwest ( LUV) had 11%. A few points should be added to the American, Delta and United shares due to uncounted flying by regional partner SkyWest. American said Wednesday it will add nine new LAX destinations this year, bringing its LAX total to 51. The new destinations include Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Conn; Eugene, Ore. and Indianapolis. American is also seeking regulatory approval to fly to Sao Paulo, and it plans to put a new Boeing 777-300ER on its Los Angeles-London Heathrow route in June. Currently, American offers 163 daily LAX departures with destinations including Shanghai and Tokyo. "We have said publicly we plan to grow all of our hubs including LAX," said Virasb Vahidi, American's chief commercial officer. "The Los Angeles hub serves a key role in domestic and international routes, particularly as an extremely important gateway to Asia Pacific. Los Angeles is the largest local market for Asia." Although United is slightly larger than American at LAX, American appears to have some unique advantages as it grows there, although it must also be said that the pre-bankruptcy American didn't appear to successfully capitalize on its Los Angeles presence. The advantages include a large presence by American's Oneworld partners -- Air Berlin, British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Iberia, Japan Airlines, LAN, Malaysian and Qantas all serve LAX. American's long-running narrative is that it is particularly strong in top business markets. In Los Angeles, Vahidi said, the top three business markets are New York, London and Chicago, all hubs for American or partner British Airways. (Next are Washington and Newark). American offers nine daily departures to New York Kennedy and is the only carrier with three-class service. Also, only American and Alaska ( ALK) fly between Los Angeles and Washington National. Another American advantage is that its LAX terminal is closest to the airport's Tom Bradley International Terminal, home to most of the airport's international airlines including all of the Oneworld members. The layout enables departing passengers who are connecting to international airline partners to avoid going through security twice.
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RH 7.3, dual monitor, dual screensaver configuration
I've search high and low for this one and have not seen anything pertinent. I'm configuring a dual headed system with Xinerama "off". When I enable the screensaver in KDE, it only activates on the first screen.
Can anyone point me in the right direction for dual screen screensaving?
|All times are GMT -5. The time now is 02:28 PM.


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Ethan Miller is one of the Bay Area's best musicians. He formed the psychedelic/noise, super intense band Comets on Fire in Santa Cruz in 1999. The group has met with much success-- Comets was signed to Sub Pop, has toured all over the world and released four great albums. After relocating to Oakland, around 2004 Ethan brought together another outlet for his creativity, the riff-heavy Howlin' Rain. Howlin' Rain has released two exceptional records and was recently signed to musical luminary Rick Rubin's label American Recordings, which should bring the group's heavy rockin' sound to even higher highs. Check out Howlin' Rain's performance at Amoeba back in March here.
What follows is my recent chat with Ethan about songs that make him cry, his old piano teacher, and why the studio is what really winds his clock.
Miss Ess: Is there someone in particular who recognized and nurtured your musical interest/talent when you were young?


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Credit Card Center Advertiser Disclosure†
Hey jax -
I saw your thread and put a copy in a thread we have been discussing possible CLD action from CU's. Here is where I put a copy.....hope you don't mind:
Credit Scoring 101 - Tuscani * Guide to Common Abbreviations
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Not at all.
Sharing info is what this is all about.
There are posts about other PenFed closures on other credit sites.
It was assumed these were random, the phone call with the Senior CSR is what is scary. They are now AR'ing with a specific target........ closures.
04-19-2009 09:49 AM - edited 04-19-2009 10:18 AM
sorry to hear this Jax. it sounds like he will have the decision reversed based on what transpired. i hope they work it out for him quickly, this has got to be a rather jarring scenario for a member. they should have an intermediate step before closure in my opinion where they request full balance or something and alert the member to the change in status. they appear to be using an acct closure model for AA, not unlike some big bank lenders.
jax -
PenFed approved $25k initially or that was due to CLI's over time? How long did he have this account?
Sorry, but this doesn't sound legitimate.
OP, first indicates that he was told by a CSR, but goes on to explain that his brother was told, which is it.
They are probably fielding thousands of calls as a response to their 2.99 BT Offer, not due to any large scale closures.
No doubt they are reviewing thousands of accounts, probably millions, but this is likely the normal course of business.
snibarger wrote:
jax -
PenFed approved $25k initially or that was due to CLI's over time? How long did he have this account?
PenFed really doesnt laddle out auto-CLI's "just because". You pretty much have to ask for what you want with them, either initially or later. In my case it was $5K with the initial app and another $5K about a month later.
I have googled some other sites as well as re-read jax, and it appears that I can only find PenFed posts on AA that relate to a drop in score and derog item in CR (though several say it was an "error").
Also, it appears the accounts that received AA had scores that dropped below 700 in addition to the derog CR entry.
Being that PenFed is "conservative" and the CL's in question were quite high ($10k - $25k) it seems that this may be semi-expected....except I would have appreciated seeing that PenFed possibly put the accounts on hold and asked for some verification or "intermediate step" as others stated.
Has anyone else found anywhere that shows CLD/AA/Closure for where no CR derog existed and no significant drop in score (one post went from 700's to 500's due to putting a 2000 square foot home expansion project on across several cards).
Credit Scoring 101 - Tuscani * Guide to Common Abbreviations
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04-19-2009 01:38 PM - edited 04-19-2009 01:38 PM
maesto -
I can't see where OP stated that he personally spoke to the CSR. I interpreted the post to say this is all info he received from his brother. I think this is what jm was trying to infer, though the manner in which is was stated was not appropriate.
Can you re-read the OP and confirm if you still get the same from it?
I want to make sure I got it right too
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Solar Companies Reviews in Lucky Maccamp, WY
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Every interaction with Gen Pro, from start to finish, has been positive. They worked hard, kept things neat, explained everything they were doing, and stayed below their original estimate. We produced more electricity than we used these last two months--it''s an incredible feeling.
I received bids from multiple companies and requested one from Creative Energies because someone I know had used their services. After reviewing the bids side by side, I found that Creative Energies had one of the lowest prices and were offering higher quality products than the other bidders. The installation crew that worked on my house was very polite and respectful. After they left, I found a small hole in the wall of my garage that wouldn''t have been easily visible to the installer from outside, and it was fixed quickly. There was only one problem with the installation. Due to a miscommunication, the wrong inverter was installed, and I didn''t notice the difference. Someone at Creative Energies was reviewing my project and noticed it, and the correct inverter was installed right away. Overall, I have been very happy with the quality of the work and the willingness of the employees to provide excellent service.... read more
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Our organization worked with Fenton Energy to install a new solar system at our office in the summer of 2016. This family owned, friendly, small business was very easy to work with and served us with a can-do professional attitude. They were excellent troubleshooters and were able to meld our old system with the new system so now we have double the capacity at our office. The system has worked without a hitch since installation. We look forward to working with them again soon.... read more
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