text:
History of Buffalo County
and Its People
by Samuel Clay Bassett
That the members of the colony, were home builders in all that the term implies is possibly best illustrated by the prompt action taken in the organization of school districts, the building of schoolhouses and the opening of public schools. The records of school district No. 2 (Gibbon) under date of April 15, 1871, read in part as follows:
"At a school meeting duly noticed, held by the inhabitants of Gibbon for the election of officers and the transaction of such other business as might be brought before the meeting, the proceedings were as follows:" The proceedings further set forth that "At a previous assemblage of said inhabitants for the purpose of attending to the school interests of Gibbon and vicinity, a committee consisting of C. Putnam, J. N. Allen and Aaron Ward had written the state superintendent of public instruction for a copy of the school law of the State of Nebraska and such other personal instruction as was necessary for the proper organization of a school district." It appears from the records that no reply had been received from the state superintendent and the meeting adjourned subject to call of the chairman.
Let it be understood that these proceedings had all taken place while members of the colony were living in the cars, when not one of the number was a legal voter, and not one of the number had, as yet, filed upon a homestead or pre-emption claim, and had not been in the state and county of Buffalo one week.
These records further disclose that on April 22, 1871, "At a school meeting duly held by the inhabitants of Gibbon and vicinity for the election of moderator, director and treasurer and other business as follows:" At this meeting (thirteen days after the arrival of the colony) C. Putnam was elected moderator, Aaron Ward, director and F. S. Trew, treasurer. It was voted that $1,000 be raised by public tax to build a schoolhouse and L. D. George, Aaron Ward and D. P. Ashburn were appointed a building committee.
In the 12 by 16 wing of the first dwelling house erected in the Village Gibbon, on the 26th day of June, 1871, a public school was opened, with Mr. Frank Chamberlain as teacher, wages $35 per month.
The records disclose that the director furnished for use of this school, "One chair, one water bucket, and four seats." Five dollars per month rent was paid for use of the room for school purposes.
In December, 1871, a schoolhouse (22 by 32 in size) was built in this district and furnished with patent seats and a winter term of school held, although the schoolhouse rested on blocks for a foundation, was not banked, and was neither lathed nor plastered. Teachers wages paid, $50 per month.
Patrick Walsh had been appointed superintendent of public instruction for Buffalo County, but at a meeting of the county commissioners soon after the arrival of the colony (the meeting of the county commissioners was on April 24, 1871) Mr. Walsh resigned and C. Putnam, a member of the colony was appointed superintendent. At that date no record had been kept in the office of the county superintendent. As a matter of history in which the members of the colony had a direct part and interest, herewith is given a statement, made of record by Mr. Putnam on entering upon his duties as superintendent of public instruction in and for Buffalo County.
"Statement of C. Putnam made for Record.
"I received the appointment of superintendent of public instruction for Buffalo County at the meeting of the commissioners of said county in April (24th) 1871, vice, Patrick Walsh resigned. On being qualified no written record whatever was delivered to me. School district No. 1 was organized, had a schoolhouse (a board and sod shanty) and had had a school and made reports up to April 1, 1871. District No. 2 comprised all of Buffalo County, except the eastern range of townships, and all of Dawson County which county was not then organized.
Mr. Walsh had requested the colony which arrived April 7th to organize into a school district and said colony posted notices according to law, had school meetings at which they elected officers, voted to raise taxes to build schoolhouse, carry on school, etc. On assuming the duties of superintendent of public instruction I had nothing but Mr. Walsh's statement as to the condition of school matters, which was, that district No. 1 was legally organized and that district No. 2 was regularly reported to the superintendent of state of public instruction, and it rested with that district to complete the organization. That there was $205 in the county school fund besides the railroad tax for 1870, which was about $1,500."
In December, 1871, school district No. 1, completed a frame schoolhouse (which at this date, 1916, is still in use) and B. F. Sammons, a member of the colony, taught a term of winter school.
October 2, 1871, was organized school district No. 3. Notice of the call to organize was given D. P. Ashburn, who was elected director of the district. A schoolhouse was erected in this district early in 1872, with a cupola and a
bell installed--the first school bell in the county--being known for years as the "bell" schoolhouse.
School district No. 4 was organized November 4, 1871, the written notice being delivered to W. H. Kenney. A substantial frame schoolhouse was built in this district early in 1872 and furnished with patent seats. W. H. Kenney was chosen director and taught the first term of school in the district in 1872. School district No. 5 was organized March 16, 1872, official notice being given George H. Silvernail and the first meeting being held at the house of Jacob Booth. R. E. L. Willard was chosen director and a substantial frame schoolhouse--22 by 32 feet in size--built during the summer of 1872. The first term of school was taught by George H. Silvernail, a member of the colony, in the winter of 1872-73.
School district No. 6 was organized March 16, 1872, official notice being given Mr. Smith (George N.), the meeting for organization being held at the house of Mr. Smith. A. H. Brundage was chosen director. A substantial frame schoolhouse was built in this district early in 1872, the first term of school being taught by Mrs. D. D. Smith.
School district No. 7 (Kearney) was organized March 23, 1872, the official notice being delivered to A. Collins and the first meeting held at what was known as "Hotel Collins." James Smith was chosen director. Miss Fannie Nevius taught the first term of school in rented rooms as no schoolhouse was erected until a later date.
School district No. 8 was organized March 27, 1872. Official notice was given George W. Brown and the first meeting held on the open prairie near the residence of Simon V. Seeley. Ezra M. Fargo was chosen director, and early in 1872 a frame schoolhouse, 22 by 32 feet in size with 14 feet studding, erected. The first term of school being taught by Simon V. Seeley.
Excluding district No. 7 (Kearney) these school districts embrace the territory upon which the colonists made settlement and in which they exercised control in the organization of the districts and the erection of the first schoolhouses.
During the years 1871 and 1872, schoolhouses were erected in districts Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 at an expense of from $1,000 to $1,500 each, bonds for this purpose having been voted. These schoolhouses were furnished with patent seats (seats and desk combined), good stoves, unabridged dictionaries, and in some instances text books had been purchased by the district for the use of the pupils; these schoolhouses were painted, built in a substantial manner and most of them still in use in 1915. In districts Nos. 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8, Sunday school had been organized and held regularly and in these houses there were regular appointments for religious services.
District No. of children Directors 1 50 H. C. Green 2 29 A.D. George 3 18 D. P Ashburn 4 21 W. H. Kenney 5 23 R. E. L. Willard 6 11 A. H. Brundage 7 36 J. A. Smith 8 36 E. M. Fargo
School district No. 9 was organized June 19, 1872, official notice being sent to John P. Arndt, the first meeting being called at the home of Charles Davis (Elm Creek), D. F. Hood being chosen director.
School district No. 10 was organized July 6, 1872, official notice being served on Henry Fieldgrove and the first meeting held at the home of D. B. Allen. Martin L. Henry was chosen director.
School district No. 11 was organized October 1, 1872, official notice being given John Blanchard, and the first meeting held at the home of Mr. Blanchard. Lloyd D. Forehand was chosen director.
It will be seen that within eighteen months after the arrival of the colony, ten school districts had been organized by County Superintendent C. Putnam, in most of the district schoolhouses erected; also the report of the county superintendent of date January 11, 1872, shows 224 children in attendance at the public schools, in eight of the first organized school districts.
1869--Mary Smith-no certificate.
1870--John Fuller-no certificate.
1871--Clara Lew--first certificate, Mrs. Frank L. Chamberlain, Mrs. Wealthy A. Kelsey and B. F. Sammons.
1872--S. C. Bassett, Mrs. F. F. Blanchard, Mrs. E. A. Pember, C. W. Davenport, Miss Ida Troop, Mrs. D. D. Smith, Mrs. W. F. McClure, Miss Martha Davis and Miss Eugenia Silvernail.
1873--Fannie Nevius, S. V. Seeley, Geo. H. Silvernail, Thomas Maloney, B. Grant, I. More, Miss Lu Allison, Sadie Cook, Delia Putnam, Mrs. C. E. Kenney, B. W. Marsh, Lucy Rosseter, Lora Davis, Miss S. A. Washburn, Chas. W. Springer, Miss N. D. Brooks, Miss N. Rosseter, Miss F. Bunnell, J. J. Whittier, W. A. Cook, M. J. Grant, James Steven, W. R. Bacon, Josephus More and H. H. Haven.
1874--C. E. Hanson, John P. Hartman, Mrs. Mary A. Judd, Miss Jennie Giddings, Miss Carrie Giddings, Omer White, Joseph L. Hartman, Dan A. Crowell, J. G. Gossett, J. Jessup, A. P. Smith, Reta Hollenbeck, Miss C. R. Foster, Miss C. J. Brown, Minnie Richardson, Mrs. E. M. Carpenter, Mrs. H. L. Smith, Mrs. M. V. Willard, A. B. Whitney, Mrs. M. E. Bailey, John Hickey, Wm. A. Allen, John Swenson, Ada Bunnell, Mark G. Lee, Thomas Mahoney, Miss M. E. Waggoner and M. D. Marsh.
1875--James Ewing, H. S. Colby, Miss Louise Broderick, Miss Jennie Holmes, Mrs. R. H. Coffman, C. M. Hull, E. A. Hunt, Forest J. Hunt, Mary E. Peck, Mary J. Holmes, Clara E. Samuels, Miss H. C. Ewing, Miss E. M.
McNew, A. H. Cleveland, J. S. Zerbee, H. B. Gilbert, Geo. D. Aspinwall, W. S. Campbell (first 1st grade certificate issued), B. L. Grant, Homer J. Allen and Miss L. Hall.
1876--H. C. Downer, Emma Morrison, Mrs. N. Humison, Miss Roderick, Miss Adah Seaman, S. B. Grant, Miss Hattie Cook, George Cook, Miss Mary Kraus, Miss Cora LaBarre, Miss Edith George, Geo. W. Hartman, R. H. Pember, Emmet Hunt, F. J. Hunt, Mrs. Arvilla Broderick, Mrs. Emma Treichler, Carrie L. Longstreet, Helim Thompson, Miss Jennie McLouth, Miss Maggie Meyers, G. A. Perego, Geo. Furguson, James A. Scott, Mrs. A. L. Austin, Mrs. H. H. Clark, Mrs. A. V. Marble and Jane Arnold.
Mr. Samuel Stearley, a resident of Buffalo County in 1869, furnishes the following interesting account of the fording of the Platte River by a wedding party in 1869: "In the summer of 1869 John Martin and Miss Craig, who lived on the Blue River south and east of Grand Island, wished to get married and in order to do so had to come to Fort Kearney crossing of the Platte and thence east to Wood River Center, where lived Judge Patrick Walsh, who had authority to perform the marriage ceremony. The distance necessary to make this journey was about seventy-five miles. The Platte was very high at this time. Charles Walker, who lived at Kearney station, now Buda, had the contract to freight all Government supplies for Fort Kearney across the Platte and at the time mentioned was engaged in hauling fencing material to fence the Government cemetery near the fort. The wedding party arranged with Mr. Walker to take them across the Platte and about 4 o'clock in the evening John Martin, his sweetheart and intended wife, the girl's mother, Mrs. Craig, also an eighteen months old child belonging to Mrs. Craig, came to cross the river. It was our last trip for the day. I was with the freight outfit and my business was to keep the oxen on the lead team from swinging around the islands or toe heads as we called them. The water was warm and I enjoyed the fun and excitement of fording the Platte. In order to bring Martin and his party across it was necessary to put on a wagon box and crib up the box with fence pickets to set their trunk and roll of blankets on so they would not get wet. The party also had with them two prairie dogs in a box and a box of medicine and these two boxes were put in my charge. There were ten yoke of oxen hitched to the wagon and two horseback riders, one on each side the ox teams. The wedding party was all set, the bull whip cracked and the procession started. I was sitting on the side Of the wagon box with my feet inside and holding the prairie dogs and box of medicine in my lap. We went nicely for half a mile till we came to the deep channel. Then the water went over the wagon box. Our load was so light and the current so strong it turned the wagon, box and all upside down. The result was we were all in the water. When I came up I saw Martin catch his girl and pull for a wagon wheel; next I saw Mrs. Craig come up with her child in her arms, the mother struggling
for dear life. It fell to me to save her and I held her till Martin could come and get her. The other two men were busy taking care of the oxen and holding them. The trunk and roll of blankets went down the river and one of the bull whackers and myself were detailed to go after them. I want to tell you that was lively work for awhile. When we got back with the trunk and blankets to the north bank of the river the wedding party had all got ashore and Mrs. Craig was sitting on the bank enjoying a, good smoke out of a borrowed pipe. She thanked me very kindly for saving her life, as she was going under the second time when I caught her. This delayed the wedding as everything in the trunk and blankets was wet and as the old lady's tobacco was wrapped up in tl wedding dress the dress was so stained it could not be used for a wedding occasion. Stores were not plenty in those days and the party had to go to Grand Island, twenty-five miles east of Wood River Center, to buy another dress and make it. Some days later Judge Walsh married the happy couple and they went on their way rejoicing.
"About three or four years later I met Mrs. Craig in Grand Island. She called her little boy in off the street and introduced him to me and then told her son that I was the young man who saved his and her life. She then said the only way she could repay me was to give me, for a wife, her last daughter, then about my own age and a very beautiful girl."
In this connection it might be well to state that the Platte opposite the Fort Kearney site is 1½ miles wide from the north to the south bank. This includes islands as well as the channels of the river. These channels have a total width of approximately four thousand three hundred and fifty-four feet, this being length length of the nearest bridge across this river at this point at the present time.
Mr. Dungan, who owns the farm on which the fort was located, states that the old Fort Kearney crossing, commencing on the south side of the Platte started at a point one-half mile west of the fort, taking a northeasterly course, striking the north bank about two miles east of the fort, making the crossing quite three miles in length. It is related that a ferry was operated at one time near this crossing, consisting of a large flat-bottomed scow drawn back and forth by several yoke of oxen.
(Note-This article, prepared by Joel Hull, of Minden, Kearney County, Nebraska, was read at the 1909 celebration of the Fort Kearney National Park Association, June 23-26, and is given place in this history as it truthfully and forcefully presents the experience of such pioneer merchants in Buffalo County as L. D. George and I. D. LaBarre at Gibbon; Oliver Brothers at Wood River Centre (now Shelton); R. R. Greer and James O'Kane at Kearney.--Editor.)
By Joel Hull
Merchandising in the pioneer days of Kearney County was a calling requiring great care and alertness to fill the demands made by the torrents of immigrants rushing in to take homesteads, pre-emption and timber-culture claims and to buy railroad lands.
From the present conditions in 1909 of these lands, all fenced, ornamented with rows or groves of beautiful, thrifty trees, owned and occupied by prosperous farmers residing in finely appointed roomy residences of architectural beauty of design, surrounded by shapely, well-designed buildings for the comfort of thrifty domestic animals, one would think that such a rush of immigration would soon be over, and all these lands, of their present beauty and the value of $100 per acre, would be quickly taken. Incredible as it may seem to the present observers of the comfort, profit and happiness now in evidence in this Eldorado, such was not the fact.
In the year 1872, by reason of the location and mapping of the route of the line of railroad by the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad in Nebraska, there came a few venturesome spirits into this territory named Kearney County to the number of thirty-one voters, mostly single men, not one of whom had an inkling of an idea of the value of the lands herein embraced for agricultural purposes, nor of their value for homes and fortunes. These thirty-one voters had made the requisite motions for the county organization of this territory under the name given it by the Legislature, of Kearney County, and after filing their
petition with the acting governor and their holding an election of a set of county officers, it was by the acting governor (William H. James who was also secretary of state) proclaimed to be a legally organized county, dating from the 20th day of June, 1872.
None of those thirty-one voters had at that date looked at any lands embraced within the limits of the boundaries of the new country south of the line of the sand hills running parallel with the Platte River. Nearly every one laid claims upon even numbered sections east and northeast of Lowell, its county seat, and a few claims on sections west of Fort Kearney Military Reservation adjacent to Kearney City, now commonly known as Doby Town. Not a claim of any kind had been made to any land south of the line of sand hills, and not a building of any kind was erected in the county but those in and about Lowell and Doby Town, except a composite sod and board shanty near the southwest corner of the county, named "Walker's Ranch" located upon the trail from Lowell to Republican City.
Your orator came upon the scene as just portrayed on the 30th day of June 1872, on the tenth day of the legal existence of the county, and found the thirty one voters who had performed the ceremonies of its organization, and besides these thirty-one there were seven women (three of whom were widows) and nine children, making a total population of forty-seven souls. He carefully looked over the prospectus; took into consideration that the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad Company was then building its road at the rate of about a mile a day, and that the great Republican Valley and the Frenchman and Red Willow and numerous other tributaries had been widely advertised in the East as far as Ohio, and that emigrants were then moving in caravans toward those named locations, which were represented as having rich valleys, the streams abounding with choice fish and pure water and whose banks were lined with large timber of various sorts; and that the route of travel was already changing to the old California trail; and that reasonably there would be a demand for their supplies from their nearest railroad station which would evidently be Lowell for a few years.
You have already clearly concluded that it would be nothing less than folly to commence merchandising with a list of customers numbering forty-seven souls, at a time when there were already two merchants, Thomas W. Vallentine and Albion A. Andrews. But there existed the outlook for the traffic with the Republican Valley settlers and I at once seized the opportunity. On the first day of July I bought the Andrews' stock of goods, and on the third day of July the Burlington & Missouri River arrived at Lowell, set off to the side of the track an old box car for a depot. On the fourth I ordered a fresh stock of supplies and the story of pioneer selling of goods commenced. I arranged with Lincoln, Omaha, Council Bluffs and St. Joseph dealers to supply me with goods, and with the Capital Mills at Lincoln to supply flour and meal. Before August 1st my sales averaged over $100 per day, and the demand was so great that in September, from Chicago, I laid in a stock of $33.000 worth of goods in eleven different departments, all bought on credit, having at times barely enough to pay the freight bills, and my trade increased to sales averaging from two hundred to
three hundred dollars per day, much of which were flour and meal, taking two or three cars a week.
I was a very busy man with seven clerks, but not too busy to observe that this immense traffic had been also discovered by others so that in 1873 Lowell had three general merchandise stores, two drug stores, seven saloons, three hotels, three boarding houses, two doctors, four lawyers. "Old Bill Gaslin" was one of them.
There was a "hot time in the town tonight" every day and night, Sundays included. Money was easy and gamblers plenty. You must not mistake in thinking the merchants had an easy time. Many present remember the panic of 1873 and all have heard something of it. While the panic did not affect this new West in a serious degree, yet in some respects it was felt. In my trade I had occasion to handle commercial paper such as drafts, checks, etc., and at one time I had in my hands three drafts of $500 each drawn by eastern national banks upon their New York depositories all protested for want of funds, confusing my cash arrangements for the instant to such an extent that I had to ask the First National Bank of Lincoln to deposit to my credit, by telegraph, in First National Bank of Chicago, $1,000 to make good deficiencies on overdrafts arising from protested drafts just mentioned. While the panic was raging in the East making bankrupts by the thousands, the West was not seriously concerned.
In 1873 appeared a distemper among horses called "epizootic," which was a panic breeder over these plains. During a period of about two months only a few dozen teams of horses appeared in the lively market of Lowell, succeeding a year or more of the daily arrival of from fifty to one hundred teams from the settlements of the Republican, Solomon, the Smoky and their tributaries. Their horses in considerable numbers died and all were disabled that did not die. To such straits were they reduced that hundreds of teams of oxen were hastily caught up from herds and yoked and driven to market for supplies. Some of those wild steers never had their yokes taken off after starting until they returned home. They were thus enabled to haul about half loads or a little more. While it was hard on the settler it was harder on the merchants. The gamblers and saloonkeepers were horror stricken and left temporarily for greener pastures. Half the merchants failed or closed and the remainder did some tall hopping to make ends meet.
I had several experiences new to me during my two years' merchandising at Lowell. Lowell market had attracted the attention of trappers, many of whom along the upper tributaries of the streams to the southwest, west and northwest of Lowell came here to market their pelts and to lay in supplies. During the furnishing of my share of the customers I heard numerous complaints of the unfair dealing they were receiving at the hands of local dealers. I made it my business to investigate the facts and in so doing actually learned the names of the different pelts and watched the manner of inspection of the grades of the different kinds of furs. A load of pelts came in one day and was by the different dealers inspected and quoted, that is, bids were made for the load amounting to about six hundred dollars. I closely watched their proceedings and found what I believed to be a "ring"--that is a secret agreement among them that the load should be bought by one of them and after the hunters left divided. Just then I
stepped in and over-bid the gang, first by going through the form of inspection and then making my figures $50 above the best bid so far made. I got the load and supplied their outfit, and was the cause of better prices and a better name for Lowell. I had never handled nor owned a fur pelt before but kept on buying, all of the other dealers wondering what market I was going to find for my furs. One day a gentleman from Buffalo stepped into my store inquiring who had a stock of furs. I showed him mine, made him a price, he bought the lot amounting to over twenty-three hundred dollars, at a profit to me of near two hundred and fifty dollars. It was my first and last venture in furs. I never again bought a pelt.
Other hunters in Kansas were busy in another line of profit. In the winter of 1873 large herds of buffalo appeared and the hunters turned out for a carnival of fun and a bushel of money. Thousands of buffalo were slain, the hams cut out with the skin on them and a load sent to Lowell. It was a new deal, none of the dealers would touch them at any price. I bid 3¼ cents per pound for the load, and upon a further contract to take other loads, I got it. The other loads came also until I had accumulated over four tons of ham. A notice of the fact in a Chicago daily that I could supply large or small orders brought me customers from Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Iowa for one, two, three or four hams at 10 to 12½ cents a pound, by express C. O. D. and all were closed out at a profit.
In 1874 came a German settler who through agents in Europe contracted for the purchase of railroad lands in Frontier County south of Plum Creek, now called Lexington. He came to Lowell and brought his wealth in the shape of a draft of a Prussian bank upon a New York bank for $1,730 in gold. There was a bank at Lowell at that time but the bank nor any merchant in Lowell dare invest. They had never seen such a thing. He came to me and with the aid of my smattering knowledge of German, and the assistance of the "Mohawk Dutchman" I mastered the meaning of the document, and as the premium on gold was then declining, the day before having been quoted at 8 cents premium, I offered to take the paper at 6 per cent premium, give him all the goods he wanted to buy on it and $600 in cash, the balance on demand at any time after two weeks from date. He was rejoiced, took out about $300 trade and the cash I had on hand I sent the draft to the First National Bank of Chicago which refused to credit any specific amount but forwarded it to New York where it arrived on a day when gold was quoted at 16 per cent premium. My bank account was credited within a week of the date I had taken it for the face plus 16 per cent premium thus clearing 10 per cent on $1,730 besides my profits on the goods sold him. In about four weeks he again appeared, loaded up two wagons with farm implements, food and supplies and took the balance due him in cash, a happy man and came again and again.
I soon learned the kinds of guns mostly used by hunters and made it a point to keep a good supply of ammunition of all kinds used. I also made it a point to have on hand also a large supply of strychnine used largely by hunters. At one time received a supply from the manufacturer of 180 ounces in dram bottles; and steel traps by the dozen of the size mostly in demand by the trappers. I tried to make it an object for settlers, hunters, trappers and all others to come to the metropolis.
When I came to Lowell there was no Kearney Junction. It had just been platted but not a building of any kind on the plat. Along in the fall the square house used by pre-emptors of section 2, town 8, range 16, was moved upon the street named Wyoming Avenue, now called Central Avenue. In a few days a board shanty was erected for a saloon, those were the first buildings in what is now known as Kearney City.
At the date of my arrival there was no such place as Hastings, but in 1873 the St. Joe & Denver Railroad changed its name and its terminal to St. Joe & Grand Island Railroad, and at its crossing of the Burlington & Missouri, a little town was started and named Hastings. Only an eighty acres was platted at first. The United States Land Office was moved in the spring of 1874 from Lowell to Bloomington. In September, 1874, a new bridge (across the Platte River) was erected at Kearney Junction and a few months later a bridge was completed at North Platte. Lowell was doomed. Your orator saw it. Hastings, Kearney Junction, North Platte, Grand Island were all bidders for the wonderful trade that Lowell had enjoyed in full sway for two years, and I withdrew to my farm and the founding of a new town to become the county seat of this finest county in the state. Kearney County lost its City of Lowell but gained by the founding of a new and larger and better City of Minden.
Buffalo County won the trade at the expense of a new bridge which it built at its own cost and has kept in repair for thirty-five years--whether a profitable deal will be explained by "Bob Greer" who took charge of the customers when I quit.
But 1874 is also an historical year in the fact that in that year and the two succeeding years the locusts came and played havoc with the crops of those new struggling settlers, which plague was finally ended by a fortunate May, 1877, rain, sleet and snow storm, closing with a freeze that utterly destroyed the "hoppers."
Recounting my first advent to this county I now find not one of those thirty-one organizers remaining, but find myself to be the oldest remaining settler of the county. All those who were here when I came are dead or moved away except two old ladies who were here prior to my advent, Mrs. Talbot and Mrs. Paul Peterson.
Upon recapitulation of my merchandising venture July '72 to July '74 I found that I had sold $1,300,000 worth of goods; that my ledger balance showed that I had made a clear profit of $13,000, or just 10 per cent on my sales; dividing that one-half to my father who was my partner, and living expenses of my family for two years, I had enough to erect buildings on my homestead, buy teams and implements and support my family during the grasshopper plague and be just even when the locusts quit.


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Re: Installer Password?
The user documentation purchase site is white paging for https connections. Is there a problem in the system. I dont want to give cc info for an unsecured page. can I paypal for the documentation.
A tool for securing DNS communications between a client and a DNS resolver.
A polyhedral extraction tool (PET).

subset: commoncrawl


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BIMB Securities Sdn Bhd (BIMBSEC) is a stockbroking subsidiary of BIMB Holdings Bhd. It was incorporated on 21 February 1994.
The company's corporate mission is to actively participate in a modern, innovative and dynamic Islamic capital market in Malaysia, catering for the needs of both Muslims and Non-Muslims investors looking for Shariah-compliant products and services. BIMBSEC is Corporate Shariah Adviser to 23 Islamic unit trust funds. As at 31 January 2017, the staff strength of BIMBSEC consists of 70 employees of whom 64 are executive staff and 6 are non-executive staff.
The company has an authorised share capital of RM250 million, and its current issued and paid-up share capital is RM100 million. The shareholdings of BIMBSEC are as follows:-
Ir. Dr. Muhamad Fuad, the designated person in-charge of all Shariah matters in BIMBSEC is appointed to the Shariah Advisory Committee of BIMBSEC effective 1 June 2011.
He graduated with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering in 1977 and a Master of Philosophy Degree in Electrical Engineering in 1982 both from the University of Southampton, England. He also obtained a Bachelor of Arts (Jayyid) Degree in Shariah from the University of Jordan in 1994 and a Doctor of Philosophy in Muslim Civilization from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland in 1996.
Currently Dr. Muhamad Fuad serves as the Chairman of the Shariah Committee of MIDF Group of Companies and a member of the Group Shariah Committee of MNRB Holdings Bhd. He is a registered Shariah Adviser with the Securities Commission Malaysia (SC) which qualifies him to advise on Shariah-compliant products and services regulated by the SC. He is also a registered Shariah lawyer of Majlis Agama Islam Perak and an Adjunct Professor of Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM).
He sits on the boards of MIDF Property Berhad, Mesiniaga Berhad, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) and Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM), a public company limited by guarantee.
Dr. Muhamad Fuad is the designated Shariah person in-charge of PMB Investment's funds.


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Cape Town - Higher Education and Training Minister Blade Nzimande has been slated and mocked for suggesting the Nkandla scandal was nothing more than "white people's lies".
The SABC reported the cabinet minister describing articles about President Jacob Zuma and his Nkandla homestead as "white people's lies".
He said the reports were "lies perpetuated by white people", according to the broadcaster.
Nzimande, speaking at the University of Zululand, praised Zuma and said it was appropriate to honour him for his contribution to peace in KwaZulu-Natal and education in the country.
Public Protector Thuli Madonsela last month found that Zuma and his family had improperly benefited from security upgrades worth R246 million at his Nkandla homestead.
DA national leader Helen Zille responded: "Since when is Thuli Madonsela white? If the ANC believes the public protector report is lies, they can take it to the courts on review."
One of Zille's key lieutenants, Wilmot James, said, in turn: "Not that anything remotely like this would ever have happened to Mandela but, if it did, he would have accepted responsibility, paid his taxes, apologised on camera to the nation."
Nzimande's political play comes after a warning by a political analyst that this would be the ANC's strategy.
Political expert and author Richard Calland said: "The ANC appears to be in denial. Its self-delusion, in which it tries to convince itself as much as the electorate that the… report on President Jacob Zuma's homestead is about mistakes made by government officials and private contractors, and thus is not about Zuma's integrity or fitness for office, is as revealing as it is absurd."
In a further statement late on Wednesday, James said of Nzimande's allegations: "This not only undermines a chapter 9 institution – which is unconstitutional – but it is also a smack in the face of accountability and good governance."
Cape Argus


text:
Liberty: Going Cheap
Liberty Media (L ), cable mogul John Malone's investment outfit, is the "most attractive way to play the media and entertainment industries." So says Martin Sass, CEO of M.D. Sass Group, which manages $7 billion and has been buying shares. Liberty trades at a nearly 50% discount to the value of its assets, figures Sass. Liberty's stock is at 9, and he estimates its assets are worth 18.75 a share. Douglas Mitchelson of Deutsche Bank Securities agrees, urging investors to "take advantage of this widening value gap." Deutsche Bank has done banking for Liberty this year and owns 1% of the stock.
Sass sees the stock at 15 in a year, based on assets alone. He says 80% of Liberty's value is wrapped up in six companies, three public and three private: Liberty owns 21% of USA Interactive, 18% of News Corp., and 3.7% of AOL--plus 100% of Starz Encore Group, 49% of Discovery Communications, and 42% of QVC.
Chairman Malone, according to Sass, is out to widen the scope of his global holdings. Latest quarry: Vivendi Universal's American assets, including the Universal film studio. Malone and USA Interactive CEO Barry Diller, who also heads Vivendi's U.S. businesses, are in talks, says Sass. Given Vivendi's woes, including a Securities & Exchange Commission probe into its financial disclosures, it might sell its assets or merge them with Liberty, he adds. Liberty CEO Robert Bennett has told analysts that Liberty also wants to team up with NewsCorp. to buy Hughes Electronics' DirecTV unit and some AOL assets. Liberty didn't return calls. Vivendi declined comment.
By Gene Marcial


text: Are these worth bothering with or not? http://cgi.ebay.co.uk/SINSPEED-Modi...s_SM?hash=item35a348dfcd&_trksid=p3286.c0.m14 I honestly don't expect to gain 25bhp from just telling my ECU that it's running on colder air, but do you lot think there would be any gains at all? By the way I don't sell these, I'm looking to buy one.


text:
Fast-forward one year, and the fledgling Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce agency is finding out just how hard it can be to survive on Madison Avenue. Not only is Don Draper's (Jon Hamm) professional life in a precarious place, his personal life is practically in shambles – Betty (January Jones) is newly married to Henry Francis (Christopher Stanley). And while we loved the tension between Don and Betty most of last season, we're psyched to see the drama get back to the office.
What are you most excited to see this season on Mad Men? Tune in to AMC Sunday, July 25 at 10 p.m.!
KEYWORDS: AMC,Mad Men,Must Watch Wednesday


text:
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Serving under and between your legs
Discussion in 'Techniques / Training' started by odjn, May 24, 2003.
Page 1 of 2
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text:
Einstein On The Beach tab by Counting Crows, added: July 30th, 2006
Profile History
+ --------------------------------------------------------------------- + | Ultimate Guitar Tabs Archive - your #1 source for tabs! | | http://www.ultimate-guitar.com/ | | | | Over 1,000,000 guitar, guitar pro and bass tabs! Also lessons | | news and guitar forums! | + --------------------------------------------------------------------- +
Counting Crows - Einstein on the Beach This song sounds like it was played either in standard tuning and slowed down a bit, or detuned and sped up. To play along, tune all strings approximately 1/4 step down from standard. There are two riffs in this song I thought were worth tabbing out, besides a few rhythm figures. Riff 1: _________________________________________________________________ |--5p4p0-5~p4p0-5~p4p0-5~p4p0-(4)-5p4p0-5~p4p0-5~p4p0-5~p4p0--| |-------------------------------------------------------------| |-------------------------------------------------------------| |-------------------------------------------------------------| |-------------------------------------------------------------| |-------------------------------------------------------------| _________________________________________________________________ Riff 2: _________________________________________________________________ |-------------------------------------------------------------| |-------------------------------------------------------------| |-----1---2---2-1~--1-------------1---2---2-1~--1-------------| |--2----2---2---------2-4-6-4-2~----2---2---------2-4-6-4-2~--| |-------------------------------------------------------------| |-------------------------------------------------------------| _________________________________________________________________ Rhythm Figure 1: (p = palm-mute slightly) ______________________________________________________________ E A E B E A E B |--0--0-----0----0--0-----2----0--0-----0----0--0-----2----| |--0--0-----2-x--0--0-----2-x--0--0-----2-x--0--0-----2-x--| |--1--1---2-2-x--1--1---4-4-x--1--1---2-2-x--1--1---4-4-x--| |--2--2---2---x--2--2---4---x--2--2---2---x--2--2---4---x--| |--2------0---x--2------2---x--2------0---x--2------2---x--| |--0-------------0-------------0-------------0-------------| p p p p ______________________________________________________________ Rhythm Figure 2: ____________________________________________ C#m B A E F#m A |--4---2---0---0--| |--2------5--| |--5---2---2---0--| |--2------5--| |--6---4---2---1--| x 3 |--2------6--| |--6---4---2---2--| |--4------7--| |--4---2---0---2--| |--4------7--| |--------------0--| |--2------5--| ____________________________________________ Rhythm Figure 3: ___________________________________ G#m A B B |--4----5--| |--2----2--| |--4----5--| |--2----2--| |--4----6--| x 3 |--4----4--| |--6----7--| |--4----4--| |--6----7--| |--2----2--| |--4----5--| |----------| ___________________________________ The song starts with Riff 1 fading in, with an acoustic guitar strumming an E chord fading in behind it. Then we have the rhythm figure, which might be played by bass only (I'm not sure), but regardless, Rhythm Figure 1 is what's going on under Riff 2, which is the first thing when the song proper starts. For the verses, play Rhythm Figure 1 four times. The prechorus consists of two lines over which an A chord is played. Between the two lines, there is a repetition of the rhythm figure, with half of Riff 2 played over it. For the chorus, play Rhythm Figure 2. Over the last line, the F#m -> A progression, play Riff 1 a couple of times. From there it goes back into Rhythm Figure 1 with Riff 2. (Repeat verse, prechorus, and chorus) For the bridge, play Rhythm Figure 3. Under the organ solo, play Rhythm Figure 1 four times. (Repeat prechorus and chorus) Then repeat the first half of the bridge (G#m -> A -> G#m -> A) Then repeat the chorus twice, except after the first one, omit the A chord, so it goes like this: C#m -> B -> A -> E (three times) -> F#m C#m -> B -> A -> E (three times) -> F#m -> A -> E At this point, the song starts to fade out with the guitar playing an E chord and the other instruments playing little fills. That's it! Questions, comments, corrections, etc. email me: andy719 at hotmail dot com
this tab is pretty good. though it is hard to follow the text that is correctly stated, but why say it when it could have just been tabbed out. example the bridge could have been tabbed out instead of explained.
but, the riffs are pretty cool and worth while. i like and appreciate the riff 2 that fits with the main E, A, E, B rhythm progression. that makes a nice change up, versus just playing the chords over and over (i'll atleast use it in the solo section).
Tab out the text and this is 5 stars.
Couple more comments...
1) the 1/4 down tuning is the trick. i was trying whole step, 1/2 step up and down and it didn't sound right. 1/4 down bingo! thnx!
2) the B seems like a regular B to me and not suspended as shown (x24442 not x24422)
3) i played with riff 2 to pull out the main notes. came up with following and it seems to make a great main riff to use to clearly define this song:
. 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 &
basically removing the extra E notes (2nd fret 4th string) and the G# (6th fret, 4th string) on quarter counts. can add 'em back in, especially the G#, but i like hearing the main riff clean used too
Thanks! This was the first tab I submitted, and I think your suggestions are good. I'll try to remember them when I submit tabs in the future.


text:
The BBC has confirmed plans to make digital channel BBC3 an online-only service next year, with director-general Tony Hall saying it is "the right thing to do".
The channel will be replaced with a BBC1 +1 service and many of its shows will be also be shown on BBC1 and BBC2.
In an email to staff, Mr Hall said: "I believe it's the right thing to do: young audiences - the BBC 3 audience - are the most mobile and ready to move to an online world. Twenty-five percent of viewing by 16 to 24 year-olds is to catch-up or other screens and over the next few years we expect that to reach 40%."
Loading article content
Mr Hall said he could not "rule out" further changes to "programmes or services".
The plans, which are subject to approval by the BBC Trust, would save more than £50 million a year, with £30 million of that earmarked to go towards drama on BBC1.
The BBC's director of television, Danny Cohen, a former controller of BBC3, said the move was "the biggest strategic decision the BBC has made in over a decade".
He said: "BBC3 will continue to do all the things we love but it will also have the freedom to break traditional shackles and allow the BBC to be a leader in digital change.
"It will not just be a TV channel distributed online. There is a wonderful creative opportunity here to develop new formats with new programme lengths - and to reach young audiences in an ever-growing number of ways."
Mr Cohen said that "in an ideal world we would not be making this move for a few more years".
He added: "Given an entirely free hand, I would make this change in about four or five years' time, using the years between now and then to slowly shift the balance between linear and on-demand BBC3 content.
"That would be a safer, less risky strategy. But we don't have the choice to wait and do that due to the investments we need to make.
"I want to protect programme budgets from more major cuts across the board and the BBC has to find the money for new obligations including the World Service that will cost £350 million a year."


text:
Tigre progress to the decider
Argentininian side Tigre claimed their place in the Copa Sudamericana final after edging Colombian outfit Millonarios on away goals.
The sides fought out a goalless stalemate in Argentina in the first leg, meaning a 1-1 draw tonight was good enough for Tigre.
They almost went one better, Mariano Echeverria putting the visitors ahead in the 65th minute only for Jorge Perlaza to snatch a last-minute draw for Millonarios.
Brazil's Sao Paulo await Tigre in the final.
Use a Facebook account to add a comment, subject to Facebook's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. Your Facebook name, photo & other personal information you make public on Facebook will appear with your comment, and may be used on ESPN's media platforms. Learn more.


text:
Earlier today on The Whitney Johnson Experience, Roger Mooney of The Tampa Tribune joined the show to talk all things Rays
Why you should listen: Roger talked about the Rays and their 5-game win streak. Roger also talked about his thoughts on Wil Myers and he also gave us an update on starter Alex Cobb.
The Whitney Johnson Experience comes to you live Monday through Friday 12pm – 3pm from the Culpepper | Kurland Sports Talk 1040 Studios in Tampa.
Roger Mooney on The Whitney Johnson Experience: July 9, 2013
Talk with us during the show:
Call him Toll Free (877) 355-1040
In Hillsborough, (813) 289-1040
In Pinellas, (727) 577-1040
Chat with us online:
Sports Talk Florida – @SportsTalkFLA
Whitney Johnson – @Whitter1040
Gerardo Gonzalez – @GGonzalezJr


text:
Stay on the path if the sun's already set while you're exploring the hallway 'hood between Hillcrest and downtown (which no one really seems to know or care where it begins or ends — south of Upas, north of Elm and between Balboa and the 5). Otherwise you'll likely trip on some granny's farm of lawn ornaments or slip through a footbridge and spend the rest of the evening rolling around at the bottom of a canyon.
Post-dinner mint
3088 Fifth Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 808-3714
Why fly to Paris to unwind in an authentic European coffeehouse when San Diego has one in Bankers Hill?
2505 Fifth Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 696-8699
The place falls somewhere in between the typical college coffeehouse and a public library snack bar. But it's what's for sale that counts: Illy coffee and a decent roster of beer and wine.
2929 Fifth Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 294-2132
Thank God the rest of the world's got the Cheesecake Factory; otherwise, the line would stretch clear to Sara Lee's place and back.
Better little pills
1927 Fourth Ave., Bankers Hill; 619-255-2856
Think of this cozy Bankers Hill locale as a hip but unpretentious take on the typical wine bar, where minimal decor makes room for plenty of style.
2550 5th Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 239-1377
Make a beeline for the patio, where you can clutch your cocktail with one hand and wave at soon-to-be new arrivals to Lindbergh Field as they fly by with the other.
525 Spruce Street, Bankers Hill; (619) 296-0057
Middle-aged gay men in San Diego are on to something here; take an elevator ride to the Park Manor Suites' top floor some Friday night and see for yourself.
2604 Fifth Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 232-1101
Risking reeking like Peking cuisine for the rest of the evening is worth flaming cocktails served in steel pots with 2-foot straws, aka the Volcano.
Aspirin in the a.m.
505 Kalmia St., Bankers Hill; (619) 234-3525
Saddle up for whiskeys on the rocks and piano sing-alongs with Rick Lyon alongside the Kiwanis Club.
3100 Fifth Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 298-9495
No pilgrimage to Bankers Hill would be complete without paying homage to the Caliph's life-size statue of Marilyn Monroe. You'll find her in her famous air gate peek-a-boo pose atop the bar's rear patio. Inside, more piano sing-alongs and a stationary approach to karaoke.
1807 Fifth Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 232-1886
Ladies of all persuasions frequent Standing Room Only, a transgender-friendly bar with entertainment on weekends.
2237 First Ave., Bankers Hill; (619)544-1173
You, of all people, are most likely far from being too rich to pass up any bar where a cup of name-brand booze sets you back no more than $5.
1863 Fifth Ave., Bankers Hill; (619) 955-8525
Grab your favorite cozy. It's no doubt one of the only places in town to down Amstel Light or Kirin by the can. And yes, they do recycle.


text:
Trinidad Jame$ "All Gold Everything" (ATL remix) (ft. T.I., Young Jeezy and 2 Chainz)
Published Jan 07, 2013
While the beat remains untouched (as it should), the track sees Trinidad team up with his Atlanta brethren in T.I., Young Jeezy and 2 Chainz.
Give the remix a listen below, and get ready for more as Diplo is spreading rumours that an extended, 17-verse version of the track is forthcoming.


text:
Find a copy in the library
Finding libraries that hold this item...
|Additional Physical Format:
|Online version:
Select library of the Nicene and post-Nicene fathers of the Christian church.
Grand Rapids, Mich., W.R. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 1956
|Document Type:
|All Authors / Contributors:
Augustine, of Hippo Saint; John Chrysostom, Saint; Philip Schaff
|OCLC Number:
|English translations, with notes.
|14 volumes ; 25 cm
|v. 1. The confessions and letters of St. Augustin, with a sketch of his life and work --
v. 2. St Augustin's City of God and Christian doctrine --
v. 3. St. Augustin: On the Holy Trinity. Doctrinal treatises. Moral treatises --v. 4. St. Augustin: The writings against the Manichæans, and against the Donatists --
v. 5. Saint Augustin: Anti-Pelagian writings --
v. 6. Saint Augustin: Sermon on the mount. Harmony of the Gospels. Homilies on the Gospels --
v. 7. St. Augustin: Homilies on the Gospel of John ; Homilies on the First epistle of John. Soliloquies --
v. 8. St. Augustin: Expositions on the book of Psalms --
v. 9. St. Chrysostom: On the priesthood ; Ascetic treatises ; Select homilies and letters; Homilies on the statutes --
v. 10. St. Chrysostom: Homilies on the Gospel of St. Matthew --
v. 11. St. Chrysostom: Homilies on the Acts of the apostles and the Epistle to the Romans --
v. 12. St. Chrysostom: Homilies on the Epistles of Paul to the Corinthians --
v. 13. St. Chrysostom: Homilies on Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians, Timothy, Titus, and Philemon --
v. 14. St. Chrysostom: Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews.
|Other Titles:
|Nicene and post-Nicene fathers of the Christian church
|edited by Philip Schaff.
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text:
Buy the Gan Israel camp video 5772 today and own your favorite camp moments for life.
The exciting video will include A Day in Camp, trips, overnight and visits to NY and the Ohel, Staff Play, Color War and much more.
Order now and reserve your copy!
Note: Will be shipped after the summer so as not to miss a moment of the fun, from arrival the first day to the final grand banquet and goodbyes.
We've provided an easy and secure way to purchase the video through PayPal. You can use your credit card even if you don't have a paypal account, Click on 'Pay with your debit or credit card' on the bottom right.
Please make sure the shipping information that you are using on your paypal is in fact the right place you would like your DVD to be shipped to.


text:
Active and Passive Electronic Components
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 652478, 12 pages
A Unified Channel Charges Expression for Analytic MOSFET Modeling
Normandie Université, Ensicaen, UMR 6508, LaMIPS, Laboratoire Commun CNRS-NXP-PRESTO-ENSICAEN UCBN, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, 14050 CAEN Cedex 4, France
Received 22 June 2012; Accepted 9 November 2012
Academic Editor: Gerard Ghibaudo
Copyright © 2012 Hugues Murray and Patrick Martin. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Based on a 1D Poissons equation resolution, we present an analytic model of inversion charges allowing calculation of the drain current and transconductance in the Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor. The drain current and transconductance are described by analytical functions including mobility corrections and short channel effects (CLM, DIBL). The comparison with the Pao-Sah integral shows excellent accuracy of the model in all inversion modes from strong to weak inversion in submicronics MOSFET. All calculations are encoded with a simple C program and give instantaneous results that provide an efficient tool for microelectronics users.


text:
Fri Apr 27, 2012, 08:51 AM
xchrom (108,903 posts)
Does consumption need tackling before population?
Shoppers converge in their thousands on the Westfield Shopping Center in East London's Stratford for the grand opening on 13 September 2011. Photograph: Sarah Lee for the Guardian
9.15am The Royal Society has published today a landmark report - 21-months in the making - that it says is the "first substantive offering" in its 350-year history on the topic of the "impacts of human population and consumption on the planet".
The report (pdf, 5.7MB) lays out nine recommendations for, what it hopes, will "be a springboard for further discussion and action". In doing so, it appears to imply that rising consumption levels need tackling ahead of rising population levels:
In the short term it is of the utmost urgency to reduce consumption and emissions that are already causing damage, for example greenhouse gases, deforestation, and land use change amongst others. Furthermore, unless the goal is a world in which extreme inequality persists, it is necessary to make space for those in poverty, especially the 1.3 billion people living in absolute poverty, to achieve an adequate standard of living.
The intertwined issues of consumption and population have, of course, long been cornerstones of the wider environmental debate. But, in recent years, the consensus among environmental commentators seems to have moved towards the view that over-consumption is, indeed, the more pressing concern. In 2011, when the human population reached 7bn for the first time, a major report by French national agencies concluded rather bluntly that "the rich must stop consuming so much".
But what are your views? If quoting figures to support your points, please provide a link to the source. I will also be inviting various interested parties to join the debate, too. And later on today, I will return with my own verdict.
5 replies, 1149 views
Always highlight: 10 newest replies | Replies posted after I mark a forum
Replies to this discussion thread
|5 replies
Does consumption need tackling before population? (Original post)
|Apr 2012
|Apr 2012
|Apr 2012
|Apr 2012
|Apr 2012
|Apr 2012
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Fri Apr 27, 2012, 11:05 AM
Trillo (9,152 posts)
1. According to this, I'm probably rich.
I had a stainless steel kitchen sink drain whose rubber plug began leaking. The drain assembly was purchased in 1999, and installed then. Over time and use, it's rubber plug had deteriorated, it was old and had cracked in multiple places around its sealing surface. I went to all the local hardware stores of which I'm familiar, and could not find a replacement plug (with strainer) of the correct size. I couldn't even find a plug of its size without the strainer. So, the only option was to replace the entire drain plug assembly. They're not particularly expensive, but replacing plumbing usually leads to problems due to corrosion, different lengths of pipes required, etc., and it takes labor time to replace.
After replacement, the new drain had vastly reduced flow, due to it's design, and when the sink was draining, I needed to find something else to do, and come back some few minutes later, or stand there and wait.
So, back to the hardware store to find a different sink drain/strainer assembly which apparently has what industry says is a "double cup design" and designed for "cast iron sinks". Nah, this is a stainless steel sink. Nowhere on the drain assembly packaging is there any indication that that "a double cup design" flows faster when draining, yet that is exactly what the "double cup design" does. When talking to retail sales folks in these hardware store, the only response is "I never heard that before".
So, the lesson of this experience is that in order to buy a replacement drain plug, industry seems to have found ways to force folks to replace a much larger drain unit assembly, and their packaging is deceptive or fails to disclose drain flow rates, causing the purchase of two of them, along with the labor costs incurred to replace the drain unit twice.
It seems like there would be less consumption if replacement sink drain plugs were manufactured in sizes that worked with the drain assemblies made 10 years earlier.
We've come so far since Henry Ford was alleged by grade school history books to have helped with standardization of manufacturing-size specifications in their mass-production lines, supposedly new processes at the time. Now, it seems industry understands that by changing sizes on some scheduled basis, more replacement parts can be sold, and more labor hours are needed. KaChing!
Perhaps nature's method was better, and more honest. If you needed some water, you walked down to the creek and took what you needed.
This seems like a little matter, but these are repeating patterns seen time and again over the years. The specifics always seem different, this time it was a kitchen sink drain problem. I would have much preferred to have spent a dollar or two on a rubber plug, than some $30+ in addition to all the time necessary to replace the entire drain unit, twice. Unfortunately, I need the sink to be able to hold water so dirty dishes can be soaked in detergent.
This, in my opionion, is an example of how industry has increased consumption beyond what is necessary to fix a simple problem. It takes extra energy to make all those extra parts. All the extra consumption is good for "jobs", and it's good for government "tax revenue", the only people it harms are the low fruit on the tree, like me and all the other "consumers" who seem to be given little choice. I can guarantee you, that had I been able to find a rubber plug of the correct size, that is all I would have replaced.
Response to Trillo (Reply #1)
Fri Apr 27, 2012, 11:11 AM
xchrom (108,903 posts)
2. i certainly feel your pain.
between your experience and building things that don't last...
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Fri Apr 27, 2012, 11:41 AM
OKIsItJustMe (17,680 posts)
3. Yes, to my mind this is a simple question
Tackling Population is something which will take decades or even centuries (barring some cataclysmic event.)
Tackling Consumption can happen in a much shorter time frame. (For example, how long would it take to institute gasoline rationingassuming there was the political backbone to do so?)
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Fri Apr 27, 2012, 12:14 PM
bananas (27,505 posts)
4. Frances Moore Lappé has it right
see http://www.democraticunderground.com/?com=view_post&forum=1024&pid=789
and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Moore_Lapp%C3%A9
edit to add for those who don't follow links:
Food scarcity is a dangerous myth - Frances Moore Lappé
Food scarcity is a dangerous myth
Sunday, January 22, 2012
By Frances Moore Lappé
More than 40 years ago, Paul Ehrlich's The Population Bomb
proclaimed that "the battle to feed humanity is already
lost," and today almost a billion people go hungry. In 2011,
a second food-price spike within only five years, along with
heart-wrenching images of famine in parched East Africa,
continued to keep the scarcity scare alive.
There's just not enough, right?
Well, no. Even on the "leftovers" - what's left over after
feeding a third of the world's grain to livestock and putting
more U.S. corn into cars than into animals or humans; even
after feeding a third of the world's fish catch to livestock
and simply wasting a third of all food - there's still enough.
The world food supply comes to nearly 3,000 calories each
day for every person on Earth, enough to make us all
The scarcity frame is not just factually wrong, it's dangerous.
Some excerpts of her bio on wikipedia:
Frances Moore Lappé (born February 10, 1944) is the author of 18 books including the three-million copy Diet for a Small Planet. She is the co-founder of three national organizations that explore the roots of hunger, poverty and environmental crises, as well as solutions now emerging worldwide through what she calls Living Democracy. Her most recent book is EcoMind: Changing the Way We Think to Create the World We Want
In 2006 she was chosen as a founding councilor of the Hamburg-based World Future Council. She is also a member of the International Commission on the Future of Food and Agriculture and the National Advisory Board of the Union of Concerned Scientists. She serves as an advisor to the Calgary Centre for Global Community and on the board of David Kortens People-Centered Development Forum. In 2009 she joined the advisory board of Corporate Accountability International's Value the Meal campaign.[3] She is a Contributing Editor to YES! Magazine. Lappé's articles and opinion pieces have appeared in publications as diverse as The New York Times, O Magazine, and Christian Century. Her television and radio appearances have included a PBS special with Bill Moyers, the Today Show, CBS Radio, and National Public Radio.
Lappé has received 17 honorary doctorates from distinguished institutions, including the University of Michigan, Kenyon College, Allegheny College Lewis and Clark College and Grinnell College. She also held various teaching and scholarly positions:
-From 1984-1985, Lappé was a visiting scholar at the Institute for the Study of Social Change, at the University of California, Berkeley.
- From 2000-2001, Lappé was a visiting scholar at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
- In 2003, Lappé taught with Dr. Vandana Shiva in Dehra Dun, India, about the roots of world hunger, sponsored by the Navdanya researching and agricultural demonstration center.
- In 2004, Lappé taught a course on Living Democracy at Schumacher College in England.
- In 2006 and 2008, Lappé was a visiting professor at Suffolk University, Boston.[4]
In 1987 in Sweden, Lappé became the fourth American to receive the Right Livelihood Award, often called the Alternative Nobel. In 2003, she received the Rachel Carson Award from the National Nutritional Foods Association. She was selected as one of twelve living "women whose words have changed the world" by the Women's National Book Association.
Lappé receiving the 2008 James Beard Foundation Humanitarian of the Year Award
In 2008, she was honored by the James Beard Foundation as the Humanitarian of the Year.In the same year, Gourmet Magazine named Lappé among 25 people (including Thomas Jefferson, Upton Sinclair, and Julia Child), whose work has changed the way America eats. Diet for a Small Planet was selected as one of 75 Books by Women Whose Words Have Changed the World by members of the Womens National Book Association in observance of its 75th anniversary.
Historian Howard Zinn wrote: A small number of people in every generation are forerunners, in thought, action, spirit, who swerve past the barriers of greed and power to hold a torch high for the rest of us. Lappé is one of those. The Washington Post says: Some of the twentieth centurys most vibrant activist thinkers have been American women Margaret Mead, Jeanette Rankin, Barbara Ward, Dorothy Day who took it upon themselves to pump life into basic truths. Frances Moore Lappé is among them."
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Fri Apr 27, 2012, 12:49 PM
GliderGuider (21,088 posts)
5. The population problem is getting better, while the consumption problem is getting worse.
Population is still going up, but at least the rate of increase is dropping.
The rate of increase of consumption is not dropping, as the proxy of atmospheric CO2 levels demonstrates.
Given the tone of the comments on that blog, I doubt anything significant is going to be done about either of them, though. The problems are too complex and politically charged.
Fortunately, the global economic collapse will do it for us, and nobody will have to take any blame at all...


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Washington CountyWestern Maryland Rail Trailc/o Fort Frederick State Park11100 Fort Frederick RoadBig Pool MD 21711
To reach the eastern terminus of the Western Maryland Rail Trail, take exit 12, MD 56, from I-70. Go approximately ¼ mile east towards Fort Frederick State Park and the terminus is located on the right. The trail parking lot is across the street from the Post Office.
To reach the halfway point in Hancock, take exit 3 from I-70 into Hancock. Travel west on MD 144 for 1.4 miles. Turn left into the Western Maryland Rail Trail parking lot.
To reach the western terminus, take exit 77 from I-68, towards MD 144/Woodmont Rd. Turn left onto U.S. Scenic 40, Turn left onto Western Pike/US-40 Scenic/MD-144, then turn right onto Woodmont Rd. Go 6.3 miles on Woodmont Rd., then bear right onto Pearre Rd. Go about 1 mile and the Pearre Terminus parking lot will be on the left.
8 a.m. to Sunset, April-October10 a.m. to Sunset, November-March
Pets are allowed on the Western Maryland Rail Trail.
Beginning approximately one-half mile west of historic Fort Frederick State Park in Big Pool, Maryland, the Western Maryland Rail Trail (WMRT) winds along the Potomac River through rolling farmland, woodlands, and rural towns to its terminus at the southern slope of Sideling Hill Ridge. In August of 1990, the Maryland Department of Natural Resources acquired 20.3 miles of the abandoned segment of the Western Maryland Railroad Line, and the three lots in the Town of Hancock from CSX Transportation, Inc. The rail corridor was purchased with state-wide DNR Program Open Space funding at a cost of $1,042,000.
The WMRT follows a path rich in history. The Potomac River valley has been an important transportation corridor for hundreds of years. From the Native Americans to the National Road to the C&O Canal, people have always traveled the path of the Potomac River. The Western Maryland Railway was no exception. In its heyday, the Western Maryland Railway was a lifeline to the tri-state area of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Through the construction of the WMRT on this abandoned railroad bed, numerous opportunities are now available to visit old ruins of days past. There are interpretive signs along the length of the trail at many of these locations.
The WMRT currently offers about 23 miles of flat, paved trail surface. The eastern terminus of the trail, known as Big Pool Station, is located ½ mile west of historic Fort Frederick State Park in Washington County, Maryland. Many visitors begin their WMRT excursions here although some prefer to start at the western terminus located in Pearre, Maryland, near Sideling Hill Wildlife Management Area. The WMRT parallels the C&O Canal for its entire length.
Common activities that people enjoy on the trail include hiking, biking, jogging and inline skating. The easy grade and paved surface make this path ideal for families, the elderly, and persons with disabilities (the trail is very wheelchair friendly) to enjoy a trek outside. The trail is suited to anyone seeking a pleasant, leisurely outdoor experience. Biking and walking are the most popular uses of the WMRT. Pets are permitted on the trail.
The first section, from Big Pool to Hancock, opened in 1998 and covers approximately 10 miles. This portion parallels many historical sites and scenic areas including Park Head Level Graveyard, Millstone Station, Moffet Station, Little Pool and Hancock Station. Many consider the town of Hancock as the halfway point of the WMRT. In Hancock, visitors will find shops, restaurants, and other convenient services.
The second section of the WMRT was open to the public on June 10, 2002 and extends from Hancock to Pollypond. Considered by many to be the most scenic stretch of the trail, this remote section passes through mountainous terrain and offers several breathtaking views of the Potomac River. The numerous rock outcroppings located along this section are ideal for geological exploration. Like the rest of the WMRT, this section passes by plenty of historical sites that once played a vital role in the region.
Phase three is a 2 ½ mile section that opened in 2004. The western terminus of the trail is located in this section at Pearre, Maryland. This final stretch of the trail passes several interesting historic sites that are of great interest to those who like to explore local history.
580 Taylor Ave, Annapolis MD 21401


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Homeschooling by the numbers [infographic]
Via Daily Infographic.
All the top education news and views.Posted by Annie Colbert
Comments are off for this post.
Still really frustrated about the SAT numbers. Now that I think about it, high schools can register with the college board, and the high schools identify themselves as public, religiously affilliated (private) or independent (private). The homeschoolers are certainly in the 'other' category in that data, which you left out of this graphic entirely. Oddly, the report does not include the scores for that group, despite it being about 8% of the total test-takers.


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Rarities abound in upcoming auction selections
Examples of fine art, regulator clocks, a stunning chandelier, and vintage medals and badges are coming before bidders during May in June at Bidsquare.
National Civil War Show & Sale set for Sept. 19
The National Civil War Show & Sale is back, and it will host more than 200 dealers with a variety of Civil War artifacts Saturday, Sept. 19 at the DuPage County Fairgrounds in Wheaton, Ill.
Lifetime advertising collection selling without reserve Oct. 3-5
The lifetime collection of a late Michigan couple will be presented to bidders Oct. 3-5 during a no-reserve auction presented by Showtime Auction Service. Items including Western-related advertising signs — with cowboys, cowgirls, Native American and horse-themed signs; and more than 100 serving trays, are some of the many pieces headlining...
Ten Things You Didn't Know: World War I
With July 28, 2014 marking 100 years since the start of the start of World War I, Antique Trader has gathered together an engrossing list of historical, political and collectible details related to the "War to End All Wars."
The Buck Stops Here: Importance of Gettysburg's history is lost on many
The 150th anniversary of the battle of Gettysburg stretched the patience of some residents, especially with those who have no clue what all the fuss is about.
Sights set high on 18th century Royal rifle and Custer's rare letter book
A rifle commissioned by King Louis XV and letters penned by legendary military leader Lt. Col. Custer James D. headline Julia's Oustanding Firearms Auction March 11 - 12, 2013.
Revolver with ties to General Custer could muster $4,000 in Pa. gun auction
Highlights of Cordier's fall gun auction include a 150-piece collection of engraved and other firearms from the estate of a private dealer as well as two owner inscribed Civil War era revolvers, one with ties to General George Custer.
Kaiser Wilhelm II character stein carries modest opening bid of $1,200 in live, online militaria auction
Mohawk Arms' Nov. 16-17 militaria auction is packed with ethnographic items, headgear, art, exotica, Americana, uniforms, swords, edged weapons, decorative veterans' flags, military steins, medals, books, pistols and more
Bonhams offers first Samurai-themed auction
Bonhams Arts of the Samurai sale, Oct. 16, 2012 in New York features 200 examples of Samurai armor, helmets, swords, sword fittings and folding screens at a range of price points. One key lot is a Myochin iron eccentrically shaped helmet (kawari kabuto), by Myochin Muneyasu, dated 1789.


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Our Agency has been providing Insurance Services for residents of New Jersey for many years. We specialize in helping our clients purchase the proper insurance to cover their business, as well as provide Personal Insurance for high-net worth individuals.
We offer coverages for:
Learn More about the coverages we offer…
Call our New York City office at (877) 806-7239 and we'll get a quote back to you as soon as possible. Our insurance experts offer a full review of your current coverage and offer quotes for new coverage, so contact us now!


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Welcome to the Hamakua Artisans' Guild site.
A few years ago, we discovered that many of our neighbors were also
artists or crafts people. We began meeting and formed the Hamakua
Artisans Guild.
Hamakua is a district
on the northeast coast of the Island of Hawaii. Our meetings and
activities take place in the town of Honokaa, 40 miles north
of Hilo.
We are a diverse group of artisans, working
in many mediums, including pottery, glass, jewelry, wood, metal,
painting and fibers. We are all professionals,
and pride ourselves on the high quality of our work. Some of us
use Hawaiian materials or have a Hawaiian theme to our work. Many
of us have web sites that are listed on the
Artisans' page to further explore our work. Enjoy...
The Guild | Our
Events | Membership | Artisans
| Hamakua | Home
Hamakua Artisans' Guild on the Big Island of Hawaii
P.O. Box 2025 Honokaa, Hawaii 96727


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Most types of training relate to several stages in a horse's life. Even more types of training claim to do something marvelous with the horse--whether more tame or submissive. It all comes back to the quality of training the horse received early in its life and the methods used as the horse progressed. A correctly trained horse makes for a better riding companion.
Human Training
Human training should happen first. It is as simple as spending time with a new horse, showing it a new home, and conducting proper grooming. The horse gets used to human contact. It makes the horse more comfortable with its human surroundings. A famous training method, imprint training, involves human contact within minutes after the foal's birth. Training in this stage occurs throughout the horse's life, though it lacks formality.
Ground Training
Ground training will continue throughout the horse's life. This training lets the horse walk on a lead without pulling or refusing. It teaches the horse to respect the person. Two disciplines, showmanship and halter, show off the quality of the ground training. The judge determines the horses with the best conformation in halter. In showmanship, the rider exhibits the horse to the best of her ability. Ground training includes lunging and round pen work.
Basic Training
The next stage on a horse's training journey is basic training. Like the ground training and horse training, basic training happens early in the horse's life. He will not receive this training again unless improperly trained the first time. Basic training includes "breaking" or "gentling" a horse to accept a rider. The horse will take the bit. He will also walk, trot, lope on command as well as turn right and left. The horse yields to leg pressure and learns to moderate his gait. The horse learns the basics of being a riding horse that translates into one of the many riding disciplines. The horse will halt, speed up and slow down.
Western Discipline Training
Discipline training varies greatly and encompasses many sub categories. It lasts years as the rider perfects the horse's training. Western riding disciplines include reining, western pleasure, pole bending, ranch horse, roping, cutting, team penning, and trail riding.
English Discipline Training
Most trainers focus on either western or English, making horses that excel in both far and few between. English disciplines include show jumping, cross country jumping, endurance, dressage, and English pleasure. This focused training lasts until the horse is retired from the discipline. The trainer may teach the horse more than one subcategory. Like western discipline training, English training lasts years.


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This property has been removed by the agent. It may be sold or temporarily removed from the market
3 bedroom semi-detached house for salePrincess Way, Euxton, Chorley, Lancashire
Property Description
Full description
A spacious family home situated within easy access of local amenities, transport links and local schools. This semi-detached property offers stylish living accommodation consisting of entrance hall, lounge and fitted dining kitchen. To the first floor are three generously proportioned bedrooms and a three piece bathroom with white suite. Externally, low maintenance gardens both front and rear plus driveway leading to a detached garage. Internal inspection highly recommended. No upward chain.
Spacious semi detached family home
Entrance hall, lounge, fitted dining kitchen
Three generous bedrooms, bathroom with white suite
Low maintenance gardens, driveway, garage
Viewing recommended
No upward chain
|Entrance Hall
| Stairs to first floor, slate tiling, ceiling light point and radiator.
|13'4" x 12'11" (4.06m x 3.94m). Double glazed window to the front, radiator, ceiling light point, storage cupboard, fire place with marble surround and French doors leading to kitchen diner.
|Kitchen Diner
|16'10" x 10'9" (5.13m x 3.28m). Matching wall and base units, breakfast bar area, four ring hob, oven, stainless steel sink with drainer and mixer tap, double glazed window to the side, double glazed window to the rear, door leading through to rear providing access to rear garden, splash tiling and wall m ounted boiler.
| Access to insulated loft, double glazed window to side and ceiling light point.
|Bedroom One
|12'7" x 9'10" (3.84m x 3m). Double glazed window to the front, radiator and ceiling light point.
|Bedroom Two
|11'4" x 10'3" (3.45m x 3.12m). Double glazed window to the rear, radiator, storage cupboard and ceiling light point.
|Bedroom Three
|9'6" x 6'6" (2.9m x 1.98m). Double glazed window to the front , radiator and ceiling light point.
|6'2" x 6'2" (1.88m x 1.88m). Radiator, bath with shower over, tiled walls and floor, low level WC, hand wash basin and ceiling light point.
| Generous driveway for several cars leading up to detached garage, well maintained front garden and there is also private rear garden mostly laid to lawn.
Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs)
To view this media, please visit the on-line version of this page at www.rightmove.co.uk/property-for-sale/property-39197212.html
Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) graphs
Listing History
Map & Street View
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Market Info
Disclaimer - Property reference CHO130351. The information displayed about this property comprises a property advertisement. Rightmove.co.uk makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of the advertisement or any linked or associated information, and Rightmove has no control over the content. This property advertisement does not constitute property particulars. The information is provided and maintained by Bridgfords, Chorley. Please contact the selling agent or developer directly to obtain any information which may be available under the terms of The Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) (England and Wales) Regulations 2007 or the Home Report if in relation to a residential property in Scotland.
Map data ©OpenStreetMap contributors.


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SOUTHEND United manager Phil Brown is determined to hang on to goalkeeper Daniel Bentley, despite interest from a number of clubs.
Sides from the Premier League and the Championships have enquired about the availability of the 21-year-old shot stopper.
But Brown does not want the Wickford based Bentley to leave.
"There have been a number of enquiries about Daniel now but no actual bids and this transfer window needs to hurry up and close," said the Shrimpers chief.
"We've had teams from the Premier League and the Championship making enquiries about him and it doesn't really surprise me.
"But my recommendation to the board will be to make sure we keep hold of our better players to give us the best chance possible of winning promotion this season."
Bentley, who came through the youth ranks at Roots Hall, has now established himself as one of the best young goalkeepers in the Football League.
Echosport revealed earlier this week, how he was being watched by scouts from the England under 21 set up.
But Brown does not want the Shrimpers to be known as a selling club.
"Since I've been here I think we have been a progressive club and not a selling one which is music to my ears," said the Blues boss.
"We paid money for Cian Bolger at the start of this season and we've also managed to get our best players, which includes Daniel, to sign new contracts at the club.
"As a group, we also have individual and collective targets for the players and we want Daniel to stay with us."
Bentley, a former Bromfords School pupil, has now made 70 appearances for the Shrimpers.
He kept 21 clean sheets last season and could well attract more interest before the transfer window slums shut on Monday.


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Capbreton, France (July 1, 2010) — You still have a little bit more than 2 months to send us your application(s) to the two innovation competitions organized by EuroSIMA (European Boardsports Industry Manufacturers Association), and the EuroSIMA Cluster:
- The EuroSIMA Innovation Awards 2010. Open to EuroSIMA members only, the Innovation Awards aim at rewarding and encouraging technological and/or ecological innovations in the boardsports sector (surf, skate, snowboard, etc.).
Grant: up to 10000 euros and a communication campaign.
More information: http://www.eurosima.com/news/EuroSIMA-Innovation-Awards-2010-2838.html
- A Call for Innovation Projects. Open to all, this call for innovation projects aims at supporting technological and/or ecological innovations, ideas and projects in the boardsports sector (surf, skate, snowboard, etc.).
Grant: up to 10000 euros and individual assistance in the form of follow up of the project by the Cluster's partners.
Download application form.
More information: http://www.eurosima.com/news/2010-call-for-Innovation-projects-2840.html?isInd=True&isEve=True&isEmp=True&isEnv=True&periode=all&p=1
You will find attached both application forms which must be received by September 10, 2010.
For more information: www.eurosima.com / firstname.lastname@example.com


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Nadeem Top rated colt on the 05-06 Australasian Classification. The first Group 1 winning son of Redoutes Choice to stand in NZ. His Dam Candide was Top Australaisian 3YO Filly & 87/88 Dual G1 winner. An A$700,000 yearling at Inglis Sydney Easter.
"Per Incanto showed domineering speed to strike a blow for the sophomores against Italy's older sprinting elite. Racing prominently, Per Incanto was in front before halfway before drawing away..."
Towkay gives breeders so many options


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Kroger Makes Donation to Feeding America of Southwest Virginia
Roanoke, VA - A huge donation from Kroger will help provide close to 250,000 meals to people who need them in Southwest Virginia.
Officials for Kroger's Mid-Atlantic region presented a check for more than $53,000 Monday to Feeding America Southwest Virginia.
The money came from two Kroger campaigns in the past year. One was the statewide "Feed the Need" program. The other campaign was part of Kroger's national effort, the "Bringing Hope to the Table" program.


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Randomized, Multicenter Trial Comparing TVT With TVT-O for Treatment of Female Urinary Incontinence
The recruitment status of this study is unknown. The completion date has passed and the status has not been verified in more than two years.
Verified September 2006 by Helsinki University.
Recruitment status was: Active, not recruiting
Recruitment status was: Active, not recruiting
Helsinki University
Information provided by:
Helsinki University
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: September 19, 2006
Last updated: October 31, 2006
Last verified: September 2006
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
The Tensionfree Vaginal Tape (TVT) procedure is a minimally invasive surgical procedure for treatment of female urinary stress incontinence. The TVT procedure has a documented efficacy and safety but is still associated with the risk of intra- and post-operative complications. A modification of the TVT procedure called TVT-O (Tensionfree Vaginal Tape Obturator), which utilises the obturator foramen for passage of the tape, is thought to lower the risk of complications. The trial compares the TVT procedure with the TVT-O procedure in a randomized fashion in order to detect differences in the rate of complications and in cure rate.
|Urinary Stress Incontinence
|Procedure: TVT and TVT-O minimally invasive surgical procedures Procedure: Surgery for female stress urinary incontinence
|Phase 3
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:
|A Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Trial Comparing TVT With TVT-O Procedures in Treatment of Female Primary Urinary Stress Incontinence
Resource links provided by NLM:
MedlinePlus related topics: Bedwetting Pelvic Support Problems Urinary IncontinenceU.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by Helsinki University:
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years and older (Adult, Senior)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- history of stress incontinence
- indications for surgical treatment
- positive cough stress test
- urgency score < 7
Exclusion Criteria:
- prior incontinence surgery
- need of concomitant surgery
- post void residual urine volume < 100 ml
- urinary tract anomalies
- urinary tract infection
- more than 3 urinary tract infection within last year
- more than grade 2 urogenital prolapse
- Body mass index > 35
- Radiotherapy of the pelvic region
- active malignancy
- hemophilia
- anticoagulant treatment
- neurological disorder or other disease which affects bladder function
- anticholinergic treatment
- use of duloxetine
- do not understand the purpose of the trial
- immobility
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00379314
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00379314
|Helsinki University, Dept Obstet Gynecol, Helsinki University Central Hospital
|Helsinki, Finland, 00029 HUS
Sponsors and Collaborators
Helsinki University
|Principal Investigator:
|Carl G Nilsson, MD,PhD
|Helsinki University, Dept Obstet Gynecol, Helsinki University Central Hospital
|Principal Investigator:
|Carl G Nilsson, MD,PhD
|Helsinki University
More Information
Additional Information:
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Keywords provided by Helsinki University:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017
Additional Information:
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Laurikainen E, Valpas A, Aukee P, Kivelä A, Rinne K, Takala T, Nilsson CG. Five-year results of a randomized trial comparing retropubic and transobturator midurethral slings for stress incontinence. Eur Urol. 2014 Jun;65(6):1109-14. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.01.031. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00379314 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|September 19, 2006
|Last Updated:
|October 31, 2006
Keywords provided by Helsinki University:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Urinary Incontinence, Stress
Urinary Incontinence
Urination Disorders
Urologic Diseases
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Urological Manifestations
Signs and Symptoms
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017


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We offer free, tracked UK delivery on orders over £10, with delivery starting from £1.99 for orders below this value. We also have a selection of premium shipping options available including timed slots, Saturday delivery and Collect+
All of our bicycles are fully built by our experienced and certified mechanics prior to delivery; all you will need to do is turn the handlebars and fit some pedals.
Bicycles are shipped from a different warehouse to other items and so may arrive in advance of any other items you have ordered.
View all Delivery Options
We want you to be 100% satisfied with your shopping experience at Rutland Cycling, so we offer a 90-day exchange or refund on any unused item (within the UK).
We've chosen to offer products at the very lowest prices, rather than provide a free returns service. If you do need to return an item, we provide printable postage labels and collection services at a small cost for all items - including bicycles.
See our full Returns policy.
All the convenience of buying online, without the risk
When you buy a new bike at full RRP from rutlandcycling.com, you can now benefit from the added reassurance of our Rutland 30-day test ride. Once your new bike arrives, you can ride it as your own for 30 days, and we're confident you'll love it! However, if it's not right for you, we'll exchange it for another model. (There's a nominal charge of £10 for us to collect your bike - just make sure you keep the box your bike arrived in.)
On which bikes is the 30-day test ride available?
The Rutland 30-day test ride is available on all full price, non-discounted bikes available for home delivery on rutlandcycling.com. It is not available on discounted or special offer bikes, click and collect bikes, bikes bought on finance, bikes bought through Cyclescheme, or bikes bought in store. This offer is only available on bikes delivered to mainland UK addresses.
How many times can I use the 30-day test ride?
We will allow up to two exchanges within this scheme.
Full T's & C's
Get a confidential decision online in seconds.
At Rutland Cycling, we offer Finance on orders over £250, with 0% finance up to 24 months available on selected bikes, including some sale bikes. Visit the product page to see which finance products are available.
You can apply for Finance online or in store. To apply online, add your selected items to your basket, then checkout as normal. Select Finance as your payment method, fill in the application form, then complete your order.
See our Finance page for more information.
use code: 'SUMMER5' - Save £5 when you spend £50
use code: 'SUMMER10' - Save £10 when you spend £100
use code: 'SUMMER50' - Save £50 when you spend £500
use code: 'SUMMER100' - Save £100 when you spend £1000
When the sun sets, bike lights are essential to allow you to see and be seen and the brighter and more distinctive the better. Fit a pair of rear and front cycle lights to protect yourself and make sure you're seen on the road or on the trail. Essential for any type of night riding, versatile LED flashing or static bicycle lights can be fitted to your frame, with quick-release clips so you can take them with you. You can also get extra lightweight varieties and fit them to your helmet or body for extra eye-catching visibility. Take your pick from low-cost battery-powered models or rechargeable bike lights – they're a bit more expensive to buy, but they'll save you money in the long run.
When you're off road, you'll need high performance bike lights that illuminate the trail ahead. We have all sorts of solutions, from basic battery lights to high-powered tree melters with extra bright LEDs and rechargeable power units. You can opt for separate front lights or rear lights, or complete sets that give you everything you need in one – either way, you can buy online or in store. We've also got a terrific selection of accessories like handlebar brackets, spare battery packs, helmet mounts and remote switches.
Exposure Lights
Front Lights
Rear Lights
Light Sets
Rechargeable Lights
Under 400 lumens
400-800 lumens
801-1200 lumens
1201-1600 lumens
Over 1600 lumens
My message Close


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About Richard Martin Photography
Richard Martin Photography is professional quality photographer for all your family photography needs. They specialize i... Read MoreRead More n flattering portraits and great customer care. Richard takes gorgeous photos of newborns, babies, children, teenagers, family pets and family group photography. He also works on commercial projects taking executive portraits, head shots and product photography. Call today to talk to Richard and book your photography session: 703-254-3547Request A Quote


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6 - 9
The Trail extends sixteen miles through central Oakland County and five towns.
The Trail passes through urban and rural settings as part of a planned cross-Michigan trail system.
The Trail features several different surfaces; this Rochester photo shows a crushed limestone trail surface.
Locate trailheads, parking, services and more with our trail map — now updated.
Events like the annual Cruisin' For the Trails attract participants and sponsors alike. Join us for a fun day on the Trail!
The new Orchard Lake Road crossing with HAWK beacon is now open, as is an improved crossing at Dequindre Rd.
The Clinton River is never far from the Trail, often with scenic overlooks and views.
Open 365 days a year from dawn to dusk; head out and get to know the Clinton River Trail!
Periodic Trail Closings & Trail Conditions
Keep in touch with any announced trail work by monitoring this space; we'll track it here as best we can.
NEXT MEETING: Tuesday, August 29
FCRT meets on the last Tuesday of each month (except Dec) at 7PM at the Auburn Hills Community Center (click here for directions). All are welcome!
Watch this space for more info on upcoming trail events.
Next up, Cruisin' For the Trails Fall Ride, September 23, 2017
More info and how to register here.
Trail Work
Next Meeting
Upcoming Events
© 2017 Friends of the Clinton River Trail | site layout/design by Sunken Anchor Media


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Fab Stylist of the Week: A Church Ensemble
Fab Stylist of the Week: A Stylishly Demure Church Ensemble
A Fab reader recently wrote in asking us to help her find a stylish yet demure outfit she can wear to church and other functions. Because I have utter faith in you ladies, I'm passing on the task. Here are her specifications: She wants the look to include a skirt with an appropriate length, but she doesn't like maxi skirts or pencil skirts. Can you first find that perfect skirt, then create a fabulously chic ensemble around it? She will be ever so grateful. Can't wait to see your work, stylists!
There are no rules, no price limit, only utter creativity. Remember to create your spread in ShopStyle then post it in the Fab Stylist group — here are detailed instructions.


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" Brand: Fruit Bowl / Type: Flakes "
As my little one refuses to eat any kind of fruit apart from that in the grape family, I was looking for a new way to get some fruit into him. We've tried the normal fruit flakes, which he loves, so I thought I'd buy these ones with a yoghurt coating for a little treat.
They come in little foil bags of 25g, and like the normal fruit flakes, these are a really handy size for when out and about. They come in little pellets and these are great for little toddler hands. The pack claims they are made with real fruit and yoghurt and have natural colours.
In terms of what's in them, for every 100g serving there's-
Energy- 1883k (449 kcal)
Protein- 1.7g
Carbohydrate- 64.2g
Fat- 20.6g
In terms of ingredients, they contain concentrated purees, fructose-glucose syrup, sugar, gluten free wheat fibre, vegetable fat, gelling agent (pectin) natural colouring (anthocyanins) natural flavourings, and Glaze consisting of gum arabic, and shellac.
But, are they worth buying? I think so, as they are delicious! I often feed them to my toddler, who gobbles them up, and I have to stop myself from stealing them all, they're so moreish. It's not something I would have considered for a snack for myself before, but I certainly will from now on.
Overall, nice for a treat for adults and kids and a good way to get some fruit into kids who don't normally like it. You can also buy these in a large multipack if you want to keep some in stock.