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Decreased left ventricular long-axis function may be the earliest stage in subclinical heart failure in Type II diabetes. To assess whether a decrease in SBP (systolic blood pressure) or a change in metabolic control would improve the long-axis function, 48 Type II diabetic patients participating in the CALM II (Candesartan and Lisinopril Microalbuminuria II) study were included in the present study. Patients were examined with tissue Doppler echocardiography at baseline and after 3 and 12 months of follow-up. Corresponding blood pressure, fructosamine and HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) values were obtained. During the follow-up period, a decrease in SBP of 8 mmHg was seen (from 141±11 mmHg at baseline to 133±12 mmHg; P<0.001) and the peak systolic strain rate was significantly improved (from −1.10±0.25 at baseline to −1.25±0.22; P<0.01). There was a highly significant relationship between the changes in systolic strain rate, HbA1c (P<0.001) and fructosamine (P<0.05), and similarly to changes in left ventricular mass (P<0.05), whereas the correlation to the SBP reduction was not significant. Patients with improved glycaemic control, defined as a reduced HbA1c value after 12 months of follow-up, had a significantly improved strain rate (from −1.07±0.3 s−1 at baseline to −1.32±0.25 s−1; P<0.01) compared with patients with increases in HbA1c (from −1.14±0.25 s−1 at baseline to −1.16±0.27 s−1; P=not significant). The two groups had comparable baseline values of SBP, left ventricular mass, age and disease duration. In conclusion, changes in left ventricular systolic long-axis function are significantly correlated with changes in left ventricular mass, as well as metabolic control, in hypertensive patients with Type II diabetes mellitus.
- cardiomyopathy
- congestive heart failure
- hyperglycaemia
- hypertension
- systole
- Type II diabetes
- ventricular function
There is a close association between the incidence of congestive heart failure and Type II diabetes [1]. The Type II diabetic patient is far more susceptible to the development of heart failure, i.e. due to the close relationship to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and coronary artery disease. Type II diabetic patients with congestive heart failure have far worse prognoses [2].
Subclinical changes in left ventricular function already appear in the earliest stages of Type II diabetes mellitus [3]. Until recently, the main focus has been on the diastolic properties of the left ventricle [4,5], but new data using tissue Doppler imaging have documented impaired systolic long-axis function in patients without cardiac symptoms as well as in patients with normal LVEF [LV (left ventricular) ejection fraction] [3,6,7].
The pathophysiological mechanism responsible for long-axis myocardial dysfunction is unresolved, but it seems likely that the presence of hypertension and LV hypertrophy may have a significant impact on LV long-axis function [8]. In addition, chronic hyperglycaemia may also contribute to diabetic vascular complications [8,9]. These could be caused by the formation of AGEs (advanced glycation end-products), i.e. irreversibly formed biochemical end-products of non-enzymatic glycation. AGEs appear to be closely related to a decrease in systolic function [10].
Since only cross-sectional data are available, it is still not clear whether decreased systolic long-axis function is a chronic and unchangeable phenomenon, or possibly changeable by BP (blood pressure) lowering or improved glycaemic control. Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of BP lowering, LV mass reduction and changes in the blood glucose homoeostasis on systolic long-axis function of the left ventricle.
The CALM II (Candesartan and Lisinopril Microalbuminuria II) study investigated over a follow-up period of 12 months the effects of dual blockade with lisinopril (20 mg/day) and candesartan (16 mg/day) compared with lisinopril alone (40 mg/day) on SBP (systolic BP) in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus [11]. Seventy-five patients were enrolled in the CALM II study (dual blockade with candesartan cilexetil and lisinopril in patients with diabetes mellitus) and, out of these, we included 48 Type II diabetic patients who had all completed 12 months of follow-up. Ineligible patients for this substudy were Type I diabetic patients (n=13), patients with LVEF <55% or fractional shortening <25% as evaluated by echocardiography (n=3), patients with angina pectoris, dyspnoea or prior myocardial infarction (n=2), and patients with chronic obstructive lung disorder, atrial fibrillation or poor image quality (n=4). Five eligible patients were excluded per protocol (three with SBP >160 mmHg despite active treatment, and two due to hyperkalaemia). The effect on SBP was similar in the two treatment regimes [11].
The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki II Declaration and was approved by the Local Ethics Committee. All participants gave written informed consent. The study followed good clinical practice rules and regulations.
All patients underwent an echocardiographic examination by the same observer at baseline and at 3 and 12 months of follow up. The echocardiographic examination was performed before any clinical data were obtained (BP measurements and blood sampling) thereby blinding the observer. Also all post-hoc off-line analyses were done in a blinded manner and in a random order.
The echocardiography examinations were performed on a GE Vivid Five ultrasound machine (GE Medical System) with a 2.5 MHz transducer.
LV mass was estimated according to the recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography, based on the average of five measurements of LV diameters and wall thickness. When optimal orientation of LV M-mode recordings could not be obtained, correctly oriented linear dimension measurements were made using two-dimensional imaging [12]. LV hypertrophy was defined as >51 g/m2.7 in men and >47 g/m2.7 in women [13].
LV geometry was assessed by measuring relative wall thickness, which is the ratio between wall thickness and LV cavity dimension (2×posterior wall thickness/LV diastolic diameter). LV volumes and ejection fraction were estimated using Simpson's modified biplane method, based on three measurements. LV mass and volume measurements were corrected for body surface. Endocardial border detection was enhanced by use of second harmonic imaging.
Pulsed Doppler measurements were obtained with the transducer in the apical four-chamber view, with the Doppler beam aligned perpendicularly to the plane of the mitral annulus. The sample volume was placed between the tips of the mitral leaflets. Five consecutive beats during quiet respiration were used for calculating the Doppler variables.
Assessment of colour M-mode flow propagation recordings was performed in the apical four-chamber view and with the M-mode cursor aligned in parallel with the LV inflow. Adjustments were made to obtain the longest column of flow from the mitral annulus to the apex of the left ventricle. The M-mode cursor was positioned through the centre of the inflow to avoid boundary regions. Vp (velocity flow propagation) was measured as the slope of the first aliasing velocity (41 cm/s) from the mitral annulus in early diastole to 4 cm distally into the ventricular cavity [14]. This method has a reproducibility index of 0.93–0.97, superior to most other indices of diastolic function [15].
Diastolic filling was classified on the basis of the mitral inflow Doppler parameters and colour M-mode flow propagation. Normal filling was indicated by an E-wave (peak early mitral inflow velocity) DT (deceleration time) ≥140 ms and <240 ms, an E/A ratio [E-wave/A-wave (peak atrial filling velocity) ratio] between 1 and 2, and a Vp >45 cm/s. Abnormal filling was defined as an E-wave DT >240 ms and an E/A ratio <1. Pseudonormal filling was indicated by E-wave DT ≥140 ms and <240 ms with a Vp <45 cm/s. An E-wave DT <140 ms was suggestive of a restrictive filling pattern. The cut-offs were chosen on the basis of recent recommendations [14,16].
Tissue Doppler imaging
Tissue Doppler imaging was obtained from the four- and two-chamber apical views and the apical long-axis view during end-expiration apnoea. The peak systolic strain rate was assessed as a mean of the values obtained from three consecutive heart cycles.
The peak systolic strain rate in each segment was assessed as the lowest value between the R-wave in the ECG and closure of the aortic valve. Timing of the aortic valve closure was defined by a curved anatomical M-mode recording placed through the aortic valve leaflets in the apical long-axis view. Strain rate was measured in the centre and basal one-third of each myocardial segment. The sample point was enlarged to 9×9 pixels, and Doppler scanning frame rates were kept between 140 and 160 frames/s. The left ventricle was divided into 16 segments equal to the wall motion score analysis and the tissue Doppler measurements for each segment were assessed [17]. The averages of the 16 segments are shown. The intra- and inter-observer variability of the strain rate measurements was 9±7 and 18±14% respectively. The S.D. of the absolute difference in strain rate for one observer was 0.08 s−1 [17].
At each visit, seated BP was measured at trough levels after 15 min of rest with sphygmomanometry using an appropriate cuff. BP was measured three times, after which a mean was calculated.
Fructosamine, HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) and urinary albumin excretion
Fructosamine was estimated in all cases at the Medical Research Laboratories, Institute of Experimental Clinical Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, using a commercially available kit (Pentra fructosamine; ABX) based on the tetrazolium method. The intra-assay CV (coefficient of variance) was <5%. All HbA1c measurements were done by the Department of Clinical Chemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, using routine HPLC. The intra-assay CV was also <5%.
The UACR (urinary albumin creatinine ratio) was determined by an immunoturbidimetric method (Roche Diagnostics).
The changes in blood glucose metabolism were purely observational since the antidiabetic treatment was unaltered by the investigators. This was attended to by the patient's general practitioner or endocrinologists unrelated to the project. If case-optimized treatment was necessary, increased dosing of the drugs was performed. No patients changed the type of treatment (i.e. metformin to insulin).
Statistical analysis
All values are expressed as means±S.D., unless otherwise indicated. Student's t test was used for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. Serial changes in LV systolic and diastolic function were assessed with repeated measurements ANOVA. Simple (Spearman) linear regression analysis was used to determine any correlations. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Analysis of dichotomized data (treatment and increase/decrease in HbA1c) needed a sample size estimate of 34 participants. This was to obtain a probability of 80% that the study will detect a treatment difference at a two-sided 5% significance level if the true difference between the variables is one S.D.
All demographic data are shown in Table 1. SBP in the overall population was reduced significantly (P<0.001) by 8 mmHg within the 12 months of follow-up (Table 2), whereas DBP (diastolic BP) remained unchanged [P=NS (not significant); Table 2]. The reduction in SBP was not significantly different between the two groups (mean reduction at final follow-up, 6 mmHg for dual blockade compared with 8 mmHg for lisinopril). The mean difference between treatment at follow up was 0.1 mmHg (95% confidence intervals, −6 to 6 mmHg; P=0.55). Seated DBP was also unchanged at follow-up (mean reduction at final follow-up, 0 mmHg for dual blockade compared with 1 mmHg for lisinopril; P=0.51).
There was a tendency towards a reduction in left atrial size, LV mass and relative wall thickness after 3 months of therapy (0.05<P<0.10), but after 12 months the mean values were similar to that at baseline (Table 2). At baseline, 38% of patients had LV hypertrophy, which was unchanged at 3 months of follow-up. However, the number of patients with LV hypertrophy increased non-significantly to 46% at 12 months of follow-up. Heart rate, urine albumin/creatinine ratio and body mass index also remained unchanged (results not shown).
There was no difference between the two antihypertensive treatments regarding changes in systolic and diastolic function, and all additional analyses are based on the total population.
Systolic long-axis function
Negative strain rates were found in all myocardial segments. The mean strain rate did not improve significantly after 3 months, but was significantly improved after 12 months of follow-up, both compared with the mean value at baseline and after 3 months. In a multiple stepwise linear regression, there was no significant correlation between the changes in SBP at follow-up and the changes in strain (strain rate compared with SBP: r=0.16; P=NS). However, there was a significant correlation between the changes in LV mass and systolic strain rate between baseline and 12 months of follow-up (r=0.34, P=0.022) (Figure 1).
The changes in HbA1c from baseline to 3 months of follow-up were not significantly correlated with systolic strain rate (HbA1c: r=0.23, P=NS; fructosamine: r=0.15, P=NS). However, there was a significant correlation between the changes in HbA1c, fructosamine and systolic strain rate between baseline and 12 months of follow-up (HbA1c: r=0.35, P<0.01; fructosamine: r=0.40, P<0.01).
Patients with improved glycaemic control (n=24), defined as a reduction in HbA1c after 12 months of follow-up (8.3 to 7.4%), had a significantly improved strain rate over baseline (−1.07±0.3 s−1 at baseline to −1.32±0.25 s−1 at 12 months of follow-up; P<0.01) compared with patients with increased HbA1c (8.2 to 9.1%; n=24; −1.14±0.25 s−1 at baseline to −1.16±0.27 s−1 at 12 months of follow-up; P=NS). The two groups had comparable baseline values of SBP, LV mass, age, and disease duration (Table 3). Similar findings were observed when the population was dichotomized according to increased or decreased levels of fructosamine during follow-up. Patients with reduced fructosamine levels had improved systolic strain rate (−1.10±0.3 s−1 at baseline to −1.31±0.16 s−1 at 12 months of follow-up; P=0.01) compared with patients with increased fructosamine levels (−1.10±0.15 s−1 at baseline to −1.13±0.17 s−1 at 12 months of follow-up; P=NS).
In a time-corrected repeated measurements ANOVA, including baseline, 3-month and 12-month strain rate results and HbA1c, fructosamine, LV mass, SBP, gender, age and study treatment, there was a highly significant relationship between systolic strain rate and HbA1c (P<0.001) and fructosamine (P<0.05) and also a significant relationship with LV mass (P<0.05), whereas correlation with the other factors mentioned was not significant.
Diastolic function
Thirty patients demonstrated an abnormal diastolic filling pattern (62%) of which four patients had pseudonormal filling patterns. Eighteen patients had normal diastolic filling (38%). After 3 months of treatment, the prevalence was unchanged and, after a further 9 months, two additional patients were characterized as having diastolic dysfunction and one patient progressed to pseudonormal filling.
There was a tendency towards improved diastolic function after 3 months of treatment with significantly reduced E-wave DT and improved E/A ratio, but these changes regressed after 12 months of treatment (Table 4).
A repeated measurements ANOVA, including the baseline, 3-months and 12-months results, yielded a model in which changes in E-wave DT were significantly correlated with changes in LV mass (P<0.05) and DBP (P<0.05), but were not correlated with changes in SBP (P=0.14), HbA1c, fructosamine, albuminuria, antihypertensive therapy and time.
In a similar analysis regarding increased E/A ratio, there was a significant correlation with LV mass (P<0.05) and (log) albuminuria (P<0.05), but no correlation with the changes in BP, HbA1c, fructosamine or antihypertensive therapy.
The present study provides novel follow-up data on the systolic long-axis function in hypertensive patients with Type II diabetes. The major new finding is that decreased long-axis function in Type II diabetes mellitus does not necessarily represent irreversible damage to the myocardium, but rather a changeable condition related to the glycaemic control and to changes in the LV mass. Surprisingly, the significant BP reduction by the antihypertensive therapy did not seem to be related to the long-axis function, as was expected [18], since baso-apical displacement of the left ventricle is significantly correlated with SBP in normal subjects [17].
Instead, mere fluctuations in the glycaemic control seemed to be related to changes in LV long-axis function over time. The largest improvements in systolic strain rate were attributed to patients with better glycaemic control, whereas patients with increased fructosamine levels or HbA1c did not have any changes in the reduced long-axis function.
Previously, cross-sectional data have shown a relationship between the glycaemic regulation and strain rate [8,9] and, accordingly, it has been suggested that low glycaemic levels simply reflect a better metabolic control over time and thereby less effect on the myocardium. In contrast, the present study has demonstrated that reduced glycaemic levels may have a direct impact on myocardial function.
At present, no data on human myocardium are available regarding the complex mechanism responsible for this finding. However, experimental studies support two possible mechanisms of action. First, formation of AGEs on extracellular matrix components could lead to an accelerated increase in collagen cross-linking and thereby contribute to myocardial stiffness, as shown in experimental diabetes [19]. This phenomenon has, in experimental settings, been diminished by treatment with a cross-link breaker [20] or a neutralizing AGE-receptor antibody [21], which inhibits the impact of AGEs and cross-linked proteins on tissue in the myocardium. These issues need further elucidation.
Secondly, improved glucose metabolism could also directly result in improved cardiac function, possibly through GLUT 4 (insulin-responsive glucose transporter isoform) expression on the surface of the cardiomyocyte, which seems to exert an effect on cardiac function in experimental studies [22].
Changes in LV mass, which partly reflect changes in BP over time, were also related to systolic long-axis function. The correlation with the strain rate was, however, modest, probably due to the moderate changes in LV mass found in the present study. The improved long-axis function from LV mass reduction may be multifactorial, primarily consisting of a pure mechanical influence from lessened afterload. In addition, reduced fibrosis and diminished apoptosis of the myocytes and endothelial cells in the diabetic myocardium might be attenuated by angiotensin II inhibition [23], which was the main action of the drug therapy involved in the CALM II study.
However, this substudy actually documented an actual progression of LV hypertrophy in Type II diabetic patients, despite seemingly adequate BP control. This finding is partially explained by the design of the CALM II study, which allowed an SBP up to 160 mmHg in individuals during follow-up [11]. Moreover, the finding of increasing LV mass during follow-up also underlines the severity of the Type II diabetic disease in which LV hypertrophy may develop beyond the compensatory needs for increased workload [24]. In these cases, LV hypertrophy may be more related to metabolic factors and neurohormonal activation than to stroke work [25].
The moderate changes in LV mass were also reflected in the rather modest changes in diastolic function in the present study. There was a tendency towards improved diastolic function in relation to the significant reduction in SBP and LV mass within the first 3 months of the study. However, from the 3 months of follow-up and onwards, it seemed that the LV mass and the stiffness of the myocardium returned to the baseline status, despite the fact that the majority of patients obtained adequate BP control at 12 months of follow-up.
An interesting observation was the relationship between the minor changes in E/A ratio and the level of urinary albumin excretion throughout the study period. The co-existence of albuminuria and decreased LV compliance has been described previously in patients with essential hypertension and Type II diabetic patients [26–28]. However, the findings in the present study could indicate that these major risk factors may be more closely related than described previously.
The lack of a controlled intervention of the blood glucose metabolism is a limitation of the present study. In addition, the dichotomized data by HbA1c were not a predefined analysis. A more effective reduction in HbA1c would have provided additional evidence of the influence of metabolic homoeostasis on LV long-axis function. This could be provided by a study based on metabolic control and type of antidiabetic agent alone.
Secondly, changes in central BP were not investigated in the present study. A significant reduction in central BP might be related to improvements in the LV contractility [29,30]. This issue needs further elucidation.
Thirdly, assessment of changes in diastolic function was not the primary scope of the present study; these findings could be influenced by under-powering.
Finally, the observer variability of strain rate measurements needs to be taken into consideration.
LV systolic long-axis function is significantly correlated with changes in metabolic control and LV mass in hypertensive patients with Type II diabetes mellitus. Thus there was no relationship between the reduction in SBP and systolic long-axis function. Changes in diastolic function were mainly correlated with changes in LV mass and DBP, but also to some degree related to urinary albumin excretion.
We thank laboratory technicians Merete Møller and Karen Mathiassen for their great effort and excellent technical assistance. The study has been supported by LeoPharma (Denmark), The Danish Diabetes Association, The National Research Council/The University of Aarhus, The Novo Nordisk Foundation and The Sehested Hansen Foundation. The CALM II study was supported by a grant from AstraZeneca®.
Abbreviations: AGE, advanced glycation end-product; A-wave, peak atrial filling velocity; BP, blood pressure; CALM II, Candesartan and Lisinopril Microalbuminuria II; CV, coefficient of variance; DT, deceleration time; E-wave, peak early mitral inflow velocity; E/A ratio, E-wave/A-wave; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, LV ejection fraction; NS, not significant; SBP, systolic BP; UACR, urinary albumin creatinine ratio; Vp, velocity flow propagation
- The Biochemical Society


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NewswireToday - /newswire/ -
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Crime Victim Resources
If you are in an emergency, please dial 911.
Crime victims often are asked to testify in court or make a statement under oath in order to help prosecutors convict the perpetrator, and occasionally may receive restitution. Additionally, victims may claim monetary damages in civil court (see What are Intentional Torts?). But crime victims may also require assistance outside of the justice system, such as counseling; shelter; and other such needs.
The following is a list of crime victim resources, including non-profit organizations and government agencies. To suggest a resource for this section, please contact us.
- CrimeVictims.gov – Portal maintained by the U.S. Department of Justice to help crime victims, including a directory of local assistance resources and summaries of victims' rights.
- Directory of Crime Victim Resources – National directory of services and other resources for victims of crime; may be searched by location, type of victimization, service needed, and agency type (Office for Victims of Crime, DOJ).
- Justice in Indian Country – Information and resources pertaining to Native American tribal law, tribal justice systems, and related matters (National Criminal Justice Reference Service).
- RAINN – The Rape, Abuse, & Incest National Network advocates on behalf of sexual crime victims and maintains the National Sexual Assault Hotline (1-800-66-HOPE).
- National Clearinghouse for the Defense of Battered Women – Provides legal references to victims of domestic violence who are facing criminal charges.
- ChildHelp – Involved in advocacy and education with the goal of preventing child abuse and neglect; ChildHelp also maintains the National Child Abuse Hotline (1-800-4-A-CHILD).
- National Center for Missing and Exploited Children – Works toward reuniting missing and exploited children with their parents and loved ones; provides many different kinds of services and educational resources.
- National Crime Victim Law Institute – Provides resources to help crime victims learn about their rights and their access to certain types of assistance (Lewis & Clark Law School).
- National Domestic Violence Hotline – Connects domestic violence victims with advocates and counselors 24/7 in a confidential setting (1-800-799-SAFE).
- National Human Trafficking Resource Center – Provides educational materials and advocacy to combat human trafficking; maintains the Human Trafficking Hotline (1-888-3737-888).
- National Organization for Victim Assistance – Provides general crime victim advocacy; maintains a state-specific list of advocacy resources.
- U.S. Resource Map of Crime Victim Services & Information – Interactive U.S. map provides links to state-specific resources for crime victims (Office for Victims of Crime, DOJ).
- Victim Notification System – The DOJ and most state jurisdictions have laws giving crime victims the right to be notified about the status of their perpetrator's criminal case (Office for Victims of Crime, DOJ).
Get Matched with a Local Attorney
If you've been the victim of a crime, the criminal justice system can sometimes make you feel like you're the perpetrator. Worse yet, you may find the defendant's attorney is investigating you or asking the court to charge you with some crime. Fortunately, there are crime victim resources that can help. So no matter what kind of criminal case you're involved with, your best move is to have your case reviewed by a criminal defense attorney for free to find out your next steps.


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Blogs Liberty and Power Environmentalism as Religion, Religion as EnvironmentalismFeb 6, 2008 4:52 pm
Environmentalism as Religion, Religion as Environmentalism
"Christian Ash Wednesday: Why not give up carbon for Lent?"
Now the idea was not literally to "give up carbon" altogether, although that would make Rand's characterization of environmentalism as "death worship" much less hyperbolic than I've always believed it to be. Rather, it was an exhortation to reduce energy usage on the margin.
Still, it does serve as a reminder of what many have seen as the disturbing parallels between much of organized religion and popular forms of environmentalism. Seeing them explicitly combined in such a "logical" way makes these points even more telling:
Both are highly moralistic and use the language and strategies of "sinfulness." This also involves an implied and often explicit claim to have monopolized the moral high ground.
Both involve the idea that one must sacrifice now for some undetermined future reward. This makes the Lent connection very logical.
Both have historically been very quick to label and condemn as "heretics" those who disagree with them.
Both have a tendency toward irrationalism and mysticism, e.g. the Gaia strand of environmentalism.
I really do believe that for many young people and for older folks on the left, environmentalism is a way of creating meaning in their very secular lives that in an earlier era would have been fulfilled by religious practice. It brings the notion of living for something larger than oneself, of sacrificing in the name of a better future, and of having a set of certain moral categories by which one can orient one's own behavior and criticize that of others. In these ways it is also a response to the relativism with which many are inculcated growing up and being educated. It also explains, I think, the increasing attractiveness to young people of neo-paganism and other forms of spirituality that are linked to nature. Seeing Lent as a time to reduce carbon usage could be seen as a very clever way of speaking to young lapsed or non-practicing Catholics in the same sort of language.
And to head off a certain line of criticism, my point is not to condemn every form of concern about the environment, nor to suggest that such concerns are incompatible with reason or libertarianism. I think there are interesting and important parallels and interactions between the spontaneous order of nature and that of society that need to be taken seriously by libertarians. However, that perspective is not the one taken in the general public's environmentalism.
It is a challenge for those of us who are skeptical of both organized religion's and environmentalism's claims to being universal moralities that should inform public policy (as opposed to something one practices as a private morality) to find a way to offer people a set of meaningful and universalizable values that are more consistently congenial to classical liberalism. If we cannot offer our own way of filling that gap, it will continue to be filled for us by movements that are not so friendly to liberty and progress.
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Craig J Bolton - 2/6/2008
I think that, perhaps, you should be more worried about why some people are fundamentalists, and what they are willing to do as a result - be they religious fundamentalists or ideological fundamentalists. That is, you will excuse the pun, a much more fundamental question than whether environmentalism is a religion or some religious people are environmentalists.
Aeon J. Skoble - 2/6/2008
Fantastic post, Steve, your analysis seems exactly right.
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Shop |
Ashtanga Products > DVDs > Ashtanga, NY - A Yoga Documentary DVD
Ashtanga, NY - A Yoga Documentary DVD
Featuring: Sri K. Pattabhi Jois, Sharath Rangaswamy, Willem Dafoe and Gwyneth Paltrow
Produced by: Caroline Laskow & Mary Wigmore
Format: NTSC
Region: All regions
Language: English
Number of Discs: 1
DVD Release Date: 2004
Run Time: 60 minutes
Ashtanga, NY was originally intended as a concert film celebrating the Ashtanga style of yoga, now wildly popular in the United States and around the world. It follows the aging yoga guru Sri K. Pattabhi Jois as he gives his final North American workshop in New York City in September 2001. Devotees were arriving from all over the world to join this rare opportunity to practice with the 86 year-old Jois.
The 9/11 terrorist attacks took place in the midst of this celebration, and dramatically changed the meaning and purpose of the yoga gathering. In the difficult weeks that followed, Jois used the Ashtanga practice to help heal and fortify his diverse followers.
This is no instructional video, and these are not your garden-variety contortionists. Ashtanga, NY is a real look into the intersection of ancient practice and modern life, New York-style.
DVD Bonus Features
- A Hindu Ritual
- Outtakes
- A Visit with the Filmmakers
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Welcome to the November Classic. This event has been running since 2004.
This year the event has been split over 2 weekends to accommodate more teams.
Register early to ensure you don't miss out of this event that has sold every year since 2007.
Come experience the difference with Canlan Classic Tournaments!
Follow @cctadulthockey


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Believing that content published on social belongs to the creators, tsū and Bubblews share ad revenue with their users, though some believe the payments are too small to make a splash.
|Scooped by Peg Corwin
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Niche Social Networks
How to start and monetize niche social networks. Details on http://howtostartasocialnetwork.com
Curated by Peg Corwin


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Presidential Campaign Stops Keep Costing Cities, Taxpayers
Mitt Romney made a two hour campaign stop in Westerville on Wednesday, and it came at a big price for the city.
Westerville Police Lieutenant Jeff Gaylor said it cost his department $18,500 to provide protection for the candidate. Gaylor said about half of that comes from overtime and extra staff.
Westerville is not alone.
As Watchdog 10 first reported, the cost for both candidates to repeatedly visit is running up a tab in the hundreds of thousands of dollars for central Ohio taxpayers.
The secret service requests extra support because it doesn't have the budget to pay for it all.
Meanwhile, the campaigns have raised hundreds of millions of dollars for advertisements.
That's why Franklin County's sheriff sent bills to both candidates following 10TV's first story on campaign stop costs. Gaylor said, for now, he has no plans to send his own invoice.
"That's an area that we've never broached. It's our goal that the event goes off safely and smoothly and we create as little disruption as possible for the citizens of Westerville and that's we get involved," added Gaylor.
Not to be outdone, President Obama is expected to be back in the Columbus area within the next week.
Watch 10TV and refresh 10TV.com for the latest news.


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Governor-elect Mark Dayton, Lieutenant Governor-elect Yvonne Prettner Solon and the other state constitutional officers will take their oaths of office at Noon on Jan. 3, at the Landmark Center in St. Paul.
Dayton released his inauguration schedule today, with the theme "Going to Work for Minnesota." Dayton will begin the day serving breakfast to students at Wellstone Elementary School in St. Paul. An open house is scheduled throughout the day at the State Capitol. The festivities also include a "People's Inaugural Ball" on Saturday at the Minneapolis Convention Center. The dress code is "Blue Jeans to Black Tie." Tickets for the ball will go for $30, or $15 for students and low-income.
Dayton will announce additional details later this week on his plans to spend part of Inauguration Day traveling around the state.
Here's the schedule released today:
Monday, January 3rd, 2011
What: Governor-elect Dayton and Lt. Governor-elect Prettner Solon distribute breakfast to students at Wellstone Elementary School
Who: Governor-elect Mark Dayton, Lt. Governor-elect Yvonne Prettner Solon
When: 8:30 AM
Where: Wellstone Elementary, 1041 Marion Street, Saint Paul, MN 55117
Invited: Open to the media–Press Contact for this event is Howie Padilla, St. Paul Public Schools at 612 251 5714
What: Inaugural Ceremony and Oath of Office
Who: Governor-elect Mark Dayton, Lt. Governor-elect Yvonne Prettner Solon, Secretary of State Mark Ritchie, State Auditor Rebecca Otto, Attorney General Lori Swanson
When: Ceremony begins at 12:00PM, doors open 10:30AM (Media pre-set time to be determined)
Where: Landmark Center, 75 Fifth Street SW, Saint Paul
Invited: Open to the public and the media. Public seating will be on a first come, first serve basis
What: State Capitol Open House
The open house will include a reception throughout the Capitol and in the Governor's Reception Room, activities for children and exhibits by the Minnesota Historical Society
Who: Governor Mark Dayton and Lt. Governor Yvonne Prettner Solon will visit with attendees
When: 2:00 – 4:30PM
Where: State Capitol, 75 Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd. Saint Paul
Invited: Open to the public and the media
NOTE: Media logistics, including cable runs and truck parking, for Inaugural Day will be sent separately. For questions, please contact John Pollard at (651) 329-2373
Saturday, January 8,2011
What: People's Inaugural Ball
Who: Governor Mark Dayton, Lt. Governor Yvonne Prettner Solon, Secretary of State Mark Ritchie, State Auditor Rebecca Otto, Attorney General Lori Swanson
When: 6:30pm to Midnight
Where: Minneapolis Convention Center, Ballrooms A and B
1301 2nd Avenue South, Minneapolis
Invited:Open to the public and the media
NOTE: Anyone may purchase a ticket to the Ball at www.daytoninauguration.org, or at the door. $30 ticket ($15 for students and low-income; further price reduction can be requested) goes to cover the cost of the Inaugural celebrations.


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»Campus Security
If you need Campus Security to walk you to your car, residence hall, or to another building, just call us at (630) 617-3000.
The only questions we will ask are:
The Campus Escort program is available for Elmhurst College students, faculty and staff who would like a security escort on campus for any reason. You do not have to tell us why you want it. Please arrange for an escort 24 hours in advance by calling (630) 617-3000. If you cannot make prior arrangement with Security, you can call (630) 617-3000 and an officer will come and escort you. We can only escort you on campus.
If you like additional information or wish to arrange for an escort, please call Campus Security at (630) 617-3000.
Elmhurst College • 190 Prospect Avenue • Elmhurst, Illinois 60126-3296 • (630) 279-4100
Undergraduate Admission • (630) 617-3400 • (800) 697-1871 • email@example.com
School for Professional Studies • (630) 617-3300 • (800) 581-4723 • email@example.com
Elmhurst Learning and Success Academy Admission • (630) 617-3752 • firstname.lastname@example.com


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Giuliano Fujiwara's collection of sunglasses and eyeglasses for Autumn 2010 are some of the best black acetate works I have seen this year. Geller's Spring 09 offering being that last black frames to catch my attention, Fujiwara swells the frame into something much thicker while implanting the lens to look at though it is almost floating in the frame. These may well also give my Buzz Rolls a run for their money. (cqc)
More looks at the Giuliano Fujiwara Eyewear for Autumn/Winter 2010 after the click.


text: RT Book, Whole DB /z-wcorg/ DS http://worldcat.org ID 24129940 LA English T1 Computer analysis of Sprouts A1 Applegate, David., Jacobson, Guy J., Sleator, Daniel D., PB School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University PP Pittsburgh, Pa. YR 1991 AB Abstract: "Sprouts is a two-player pencil-and-paper game with a topological flavor. It was invented in 1967 by Michael Paterson and John Conway, and was popularized by Martin Gardner in the Mathematical Games column of Scientific American magazine [6]. We have written a computer program to analyze the n-spot game of Sprouts for general n. Our program uses a number of standard techniques to expedite adversary searches such as cutting off the search as soon as the value can be determined, and hashing previously evaluated positions. But the truly innovative feature is our representation of game positions, which provides enough information to generate moves and has the property that many different planar graphs collapse into the same representation. This has an enormous impact on the speed of the search. The complexity of n-spot Sprouts grows extremely rapidly with n. According to Gardner [7, page 7], Conway estimated that analysis of the eight-spot game was beyond the reach of present-day computers. Before our program, even the value of the seven-spot game was unknown; we have calculated the value of all games up to and including eleven spots. Our calculation supports the Sprouts Conjecture: The first player loses if n is 0, 1 or 2 modulo 6 and wins otherwise."


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Class AA
A look at the key matchups scheduled for tonight.
Shaker (1-0, 3-0) at Guilderland (2-0, 3-0), 7 p.m. >>
About Shaker >> The Bison posted their second straight shutout last week, cruising to a 27-0 victory over Section III-squad Nottingham. Senior cornerback Sean Egan led the way with two interceptions in the secondary.
About Guilderland >> Senior QB Frank Gallo, who has passed for a Section II-high 828 yards this season, is the cornerstone of the Dutchmen's offense. But don't overlook the run game either; Guilderland's also rushed for 446 yards.
Notables >>This is a big test for both the Guilderland offense and the Shaker defense, the hallmarks of both squad's game plans. But, while the Blue Bison are hoping that the secondary can defend against Frank Gallo's arm, sometimes the best defense is a good offense. Shaker's hoping to stage some time-consuming runs that can keep Gallo off the field.
saratoga (1-0, 3-0) at cba (1-1, 2-1), 7 p.m.
About Saratoga >> The Blue Streaks survived last week's battle of the unbeatens, topping Colonie 38-22 on Friday night. A strong team on the ground, Saratoga has already racked up 980 yards rushing in just three games.
About CBA >> Elliot Croskey rushed for 176 yards and three touchdowns only 19 carries to lead the Brothers to a 47-14 victory over Albany last week. After some fumble-issues in week two, CBA bounced back on the ground, racking up 327 yards and five touchdowns.
Notables >> Over the course of the past two years, Saratoga has won a total of six games. This year, they've already recorded three wins, meeting their total for the past two seasons. But don't think the Blue Streaks are satisfied with simply meeting past records, tonight's game is a chance to blow all that out of the water and this 'Toga team will be pumped.
COLONIE (1-0, 2-1) AT COLUMBIA (1-1, 1-2), 7 p.m. >> About Colonie: Devon Edwards rushed for 67 yards, caught 12 passes for 86 yards and even threw a pass for another 60 yards last week against Saratoga, proving that the senior might just be able to do it all.
About Columbia >> Conner Kinzelmann has flown slightly under the radar early this season, but as the Blue Devils notched their first victory with a 21-14 win against Niskayuna, the senior running back is center stage. He rushed for 201 yards and two touchdowns on 32 carries in Friday's win.
Notables >> Colonie is looking to quickly rebound after last week's 38-22 loss to Saratoga, but Columbia isn't about to go down without a fight. Now that they've had a taste of victory, the Blue Devils are ready to get back in the Class AA mix and they've got the talent to do that.
Class A
BISHOP MAGINN (0-2, 1-2) AT TROY (0-0, 1-2), 7 p.m. >> About Bishop Maginn: The Griffins got 13 points on the board in the second quarter as Neiko Bianchino threw two touchdown passes, but that was the extent of the offense in a 34-15 loss to Averill Park.
About Troy >> The Flying Horses put everything together last week, sparked by Maurice Jones' 217 yards on the ground, en route to a 26-14 victory over rival Amsterdam.
Notables >> Last week's victory against a tough Amsterdam team showed just how talented this year's Troy team is. The Flying Horses have a strong running game in duo Rayshawn Johnson and Maurice Jones, while the defense is just as hard hitting as ever. In tonight's divisional opener, it's safe to assume Troy is looking for much of the same.
Class B
Ichabod Crane (0-2, 0-3) at lansingburgh (1-1, 1-2), 7 p.m. >> About Ichabod Crane: The Riders got their first points of the season last week as Ryan Gerkman and Brandon McKay both found the end zone. It wasn't enough though as Ichabod Crane dropped a 48-19 decision to Ravena.
About Lansingburgh >> Despite falling 50-32 to rival Cohoes last week, senior running back Anthony Walker still racked up 92 rushing yards and two rushing touchdowns, plus a kick return and reception that both found the end zone.
Notables >> The Knights need a victory in tonight's home opener. In an incredibly difficult Reinfurt Division every game might as well be the Super Bowl. After last week's tough showing, 'Burgh needs to come out firing on all cylinders here.


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Need help finding your version?
When this add-in is used, it
This app calculates the EMI (Equated Monthly Installment) based on inputs as Principal, Rate and Tenure. This also provides a simple table output which can be used in Excel Workbook. The calculations should be used for reference purposes only.


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just recently about august 29 2012 i just got my chin implant because i had small chin syndrome. Now it's Sept 15, 12 and i'm hating the result. The soreness already went away. I was hoping for this doctor to improve my chin but instead there's really not alot of big difference and its not the chin i was telling him I wanted. Instead i have a bad result. This is my first time having plastic surgery. I would love someone to help me. What should I do? I get depressed when seeing myself.
Can I Let my Surgeon Know I Don't Like the Result? (photo)
Doctor Answers 3
Can I Let my Surgeon Know I Don't Like the Result? (photo)
By all means it is your right to inform your chosen surgeon of ANY issues you may have. But from the posted photos I do see improvement. And yes you could be better with a larger implant and a sub mental lipo or lipectomy.
Chin implant result
You should be able to discuss your concerns with your surgeon. It is still early in the healing process so your surgeon can give you a better idea of how things will change in appearance going forward.
Learn more: http://www.drlamperti.com/facial-plastic-surgery/chin-augmentation
Unhappy with chin rexults
I would suggest that you discuss your goals further with your surgeon. Though it is still early in the healing process, it looks like your chin /profile would be improved with the addition of chin/sub mental liposuction.
You might also like...
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 358 People
Haven't had it in years though.EP will be gone soon, so we have to make this count. My legs are open. Don't be shy.
MusicEqualsLife 26-30, F 12 Responses 18 Apr 11, 2016
It is wonderful when a man goes down on meand gives me a really good licking, I wriggle and moan with delight.
juicylucy69 22-25, F 26 Responses 60 Mar 5, 2016
It's about as intimateas 2 people can get. 69 never works out, lol... But the completely selfish act of asking for it gives me a rush as much as saying yes when asked to give it to another!
SQ2BE 31-35, F 5 Responses 12 Aug 9, 2015
It turns me on to hear a man moaningand pulling my hair back to come closer to me and give me a rough kiss.
TheSubmissiveX 18-21, F 11 Responses 97 Aug 5, 2015
It is official Steakand BJ day - 14th March 2016 http://www.officialsteakandblowjobday.com/ A BJ just once a year. I'd love to get just that frankly!
Both giving and receiving,it excites me greatly and I wriggle and moan.
janeseymour 26-30, F 4 Responses 22 Mar 16, 2016
to watch the growing within the pantsas he get excited, it's overwhelming to both my eyes and mouth and then actual appear of the big, long, veiny THING, OH MY!!!!!!!! I'm an uncontrollable droolin fool!
uhurtjen 22-25, F 5 Responses 8 Mar 17, 2016
i enjoy using my mouth to give pleasure.i love kissing and licking and sucking.
slavesindee 56-60, M 1 Response 1 Mar 30, 2016


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Zuji Partners With Experian
Contact Us Today!
Do you have a question you would like to ask us? Are you interested in one of our products or services and would like some more information? Do you have some feedback for us that would help improve the customer experience of this website? If the answer to any of those questions is 'yes', then please complete the form below.


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Lea Thompson is 47 years old today! That means time is running out for me and her to ditch our spouses and flee to the Florida Keys where we'll spend the rest of lives swinging in hammocks, drinking Red Stripe beer and watching her old movies on DVD.
That's a fairly tall order, since she's married to Some Kind of Wonderful director Howard Deutch, and I'm married to Jennifer Jason Leigh. But Jennifer and Howie will understand. I mean, true love cannot be denied, right?
TOP 5 LEA THOMPSON MOVIES FROM THE '80s:
5. Space Camp (1986): "In space, anything is possible."
4. Casual Sex? (1988): "It was the early eighties, and sex was still a good way to meet new people."
3. Red Dawn (1984): "I'll never love anybody again!"
2. Back to the Future (1985): "That is your name, isn't it? Calvin Klein? It's written all over your underwear."
1. Some Kind of Wonderful (1987): "I'd rather be with someone for the wrong reasons then alone for the right."
(Now, I know a lot of people are going to scream and say, 'Where's 'All The Right Moves?' And you're right, great flick! But I can't stand to watch her and Tom Cruise naked together, especially after that falling out Tom and I had over Nicole. So I'm sticking with Space Camp for the No. 5 spot.)


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[PHP] Sum of a column by key
Hello everyone.
For example, I have an array which looks like below:
PHP Code:
PHP Code:
I don't know of a PHP function that does what you want but it should be fairly simple to create your own. I would create a result array where the key is your product and the value is the sum of the quantity then just loop through the first array incrementing the total by the value in quantity. Thus you would have something like:
PHP Code:
anyone else got any ideas?
Maybe you need to be a little clearer about what you mean by "easy way".
What are the problems with the solution I suggested?
How wouldyou like the solution that I suggested be made easier?
PHP does have a lot of array functions, but they are mostly manipulating and getting information from arrays as key+value pairs. And since your arrays are not like that, you will need to loop thru the arrays with regular code.
PHP Code:
|All times are GMT -5. The time now is 10:43 AM.


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Useful links
Dedicated to 5-axis education
A new website dedicated to 5-axis education, www.fiveaxismachining.com, is now available. The site covers machining, programming and workholding, and explains how 5-axis technology can make job shops more profitable. The site was developed to educate businesses about the benefits of 5-sided machining on a 5-axis machining center. Converting from a 3-axis machining center to a 5-axis machining for 5-sided machining reduces setup time, provides cost savings, and increases accuracy. The website contains information originally developed by applications engineers with links to relevant articles from multiple sources. In addition to 5-axis content, www.fiveaxismachining.com has a dedicated email and telephone line to directly access applications engineers. The website is powered by Hurco, but focuses on the overall advantages and challenges of 5-axis machining instead of limiting content to specific Hurco products.
CADCAM developer Delcam has established a dedicated website for its Healthcare Division as part of the greater focus on this increasingly important part of its business. The new website, www.delcam-healthcare.com, shows how companies across the medical, dental and associated industries have been able to apply Delcam's software to give a higher quality service to their patients.
Implantable Medical Devices to 2009 - The Freedonia Group is an international business research company that publishes more than 100 industry research studies annually. The Implantable Medical Devices to 2009 study analyzes the $23 billion US medical implant industry. It presents historical demand data (1994, 1999, 2004) and forecasts to 2009 and 2014 by implant material (e.g., microelectronics, specialty metals, polymers, elastomers, biologicals and pharmaceuticals, ceramics) and type (e.g., cardiac, orthopedic, breast, opthalmic, neurological, drug, urological, cochlear, dermal/tissue).
Tooling and Manufacturing Association - TMA represents 1,300 Chicago area companies that provide manufacturers worldwide with tools & dies, molds, jigs & fixtures, special machinery, automation equipment, precision machining, turned parts, metal stampings and fabricated metal parts, plastic molded parts, die cast parts, subassemblies, plating, engraving and heat treating services. The TMA membership also features suppliers of industrial machinery & equipment, software, systems, materials and services.
USCTI - The United States Cutting Tool Institute (USCTI) was formed in 1988 when two of the largest associations of cutting tool manufacturers joined forces. The Metal Cutting Tool Institute and the Cutting Tool Manufacturers Association combined their efforts, resulting in a single, stronger organization representing more than two-thirds of the domestic cutting tool market.
ATANA - Automation & Tooling Alliance of North America (ATANA) - 12 companies and over 250 employees - working together to help you win! For more information on our services please visit www.ata-na.com
European Tool & Mould Making - Tool & mould making is one of the world's critical industries today, essential to manufacturing in growth sectors from aerospace and medical to automotive and consumer products. Europe is the world's leader in tool & mould making design and production, and European Tool & Mould Making (ETMM) magazine is the premier publication covering this market.
Tool-moldmaking.com is a global Internet portal for tool & mould makers. It offers a searchable Suppliers Database of nearly 1,400 companies, industry news articles, listings of upcoming events, a free weekly e-mail newsletter, and many useful links.
HealthpointCapital has daily news and analysis about the orthopedic device industry in their blog.
Cutting Edge Information - Medical Device Product Management: Benchmarking Development, Marketing and Promotion (PH80)
Joint Implant Surgery & Research Foundation - JISRF Specializes in Clinical and Surgical Orthopaedic Study Groups, and Product Development for the Advancement of Total Hip, Knee, and Shoulder Surgery
Are you bored out of your gourd with your current ho-hum job? Then hop on over to MedDeviceJobs.com where shiny, new, medical device jobs await. Medical device insiders just like you swing by our site everyday to scope out the new jobs that constantly spring up. End the promotion waiting game and create your own pay raise: find a new medical device job now.
Health News from Medical News Today Medical news and health news headlines posted throughout the day, every day.
TheMedica.com is an encyclopaedia on medical industry showcasing key information on the manufacturers, suppliers and traders of various products and services used in healthcare industry. Offers industry overview, news, professional associations, product specifications, product catalog, B2B trade offers, trade fairs & events pertaining to global medical world.
Founded in 1902, AMT - The Association For Manufacturing Technology represents and promotes the interests of American providers of manufacturing machinery and equipment. Its goal is to promote technological advancements and improvements in the design, manufacture and sale of members' products in those markets and act as an industry advocate on trade matters to governments and trade organizations throughout the world.


text: Boys' vintage cord in straight fit Item 17381 Size: All sizes are US sizes. Size Charts Quantity: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Prices do not include taxes. Add to Bag Wishlist Add to Bag Add To Wishlist share: size & fit Straight fit. Prewashed and preshrunk. Product Details The tried-and-true corduroy pant—hello, fall. Plus, it's tailored just like Dad's, only smaller. Cotton corduroy. Internal adjustable elastic waistband. Belt loops. Zip fly. Sizes 2-7 have snap closure; sizes 8-16 have button closure. Traditional 5-pocket styling. Machine wash. Import. Online only. Item 17381.


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America has always been the most extreme country, from the Boston Tea Punchings to having the first man swear on the moon. We hold this shredding guitar solo to be self-evident with this Groupon.
$124 for a Tandem-Paragliding Flight for One ($249 Value)
Instructors who are also certified pilots lead a motorized, tandem-paragliding flight. Passengers can bring their camera to snap aerial shots during the trip.
Powered Paragliding USA
As a child, Michael O'Daniel would sometimes spend his days among giant aircraft in a hangar as his father, a Pan Am pilot out of Miami, was at work. Michael found himself daydreaming about one day being able to fly; by 1980 he was a private pilot. Eventually he became taken with another form of flight—paragliding. He founded Powered Paragliding USA and over the years has spread his wings over Peru, Costa Rica, and he once completed a flight across the entire length of the Panama Canal.
A few years ago, Michael was joined at Powered Paragliding by Brian Goff, another pilot. Goff has hundreds of hours of flying experience; he's been behind the controls of everything from helicopters and airplanes to aerobatic planes and hot air balloons. Today, Michael and Brian man flights for clients of all experience levels. They can fly tandem with beginners, or train budding para-pilots on technique, safety, and how to switch lanes with birds. Expert flyers can take to the skies by purchasing their own paragliders and paramotors from the company.


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Terry Jones Koran-burning: Death toll from Afghan protests hits 24
Two policemen were killed and more than 30 people injured in a third day of violent protests in Afghanistan over preacher
Terry Jones's burning of a Koran.
The officers died in clashes as hundreds of demonstrators marched towards a UN office in Kandahar in protest at the burning of a copy of the Koran by radical US preacher Jones in front of his Florida church on March 20.
It brings to 24 the total number of people killed in the demonstrations.
In a separate incident, 14 people, including two children, were wounded when a gas canister was taken from a shop in Kandahar and set on fire.
'We want the preacher who burnt the holy Koran to get a severe punishment,' said 20-year-old protester Jalil Ahmad. 'He is not a human being, he is a brain-dead animal.'
Some 1,000 people blocked the main highway from Kabul to Jalalabad yesterday, burning US flags and effigies of Barack Obama .
The US president denounced Jones's actions as his Afghan counterpart, Hamid Karzai, called on the US Congress to prevent such an incident happening again.
However, Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid claimed the West was not taking the matter seriously, saying: 'American authorities and those in other countries defended the burning to some extent in the name of freedom of religion and speech.' Ten people were killed in protests on Saturday, while 12 died on Friday in the normally peaceful city of Mazar-i-Sharif.


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Study to Test the Effectiveness of Controlled-Release OROS® Hydromorphone HCl Compared to Placebo in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain
This study has been completed.
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: October 23, 2007
Last updated: March 20, 2012
Last verified: March 2012
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
No Study Results Posted on ClinicalTrials.gov for this Study
|Study Status:
|This study has been completed.
|Study Completion Date:
|January 2009
|Primary Completion Date:
|January 2009 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Nalamachu S, Hale M, Khan A. Hydromorphone extended release for neuropathic and non-neuropathic/nociceptive chronic low back pain: a post hoc analysis of data from a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Opioid Manag. 2014 Sep-Oct;10(5):311-22. doi: 10.5055/jom.2014.0221.


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Mayberry And TU Top Rice
Taleya Mayberry led the way for Tulsa with 21 points in a 49-45 win over Rice on Sunday afternoon at the Donald W. Reynolds Center. TU moved to 11-13 on the season and 6-5 in Conference USA, while the Owls fell to 10-14 overall and 2-9 in the league.
"We just didn't shoot very well in the first half," Head Coach Matilda Mossman said. "I know at one point we were shooting 12-percent, and then we finished the first half shooting 27-percent. Taleya was really good down the stretch. A lot of things didn't go her way early, but she made big plays when we needed her too, and not with her scoring, but her ability to get other people in the right position. You look at it and they out-rebounded us, they made more free throws than we did and they made more three-point shots than we did, but the key stat was that we had 13 offensive rebounds and they had nine. I don't know why we struggled so hard today, but it was a bizarre offensive game. Our kids just fought it out and I am excited to come out with the win."
Kadan Brady added nine points and seven rebounds, while Tiffani Couisnard recorded eight points and eight boards, and Ashley Clark had eight rebounds. Mayberry and Couisnard each posted three steals, and Kelsee Grovey and Clark added two apiece.
Tulsa shot 31-percent from the field, just 16-percent from three-point range (2-of-12) and 50-percent from the charity stripe. The Hurricane had 34 points in the paint, 15 points off turnovers and 12 second-chance points.
Rice had a 43-42 lead in rebounds, a 3-1 advantage in blocks and a 9-4 lead in assists, while the Hurricane had an 11-3 lead in steals and just 10 turnovers to the Owls' 17.
Rice started the game with a 7-0 run, but TU countered with an 8-1 run to tie the game at 8-all with 13:04 on the clock. The Owls once again sprinted ahead, this time on an 8-2 run to take a 16-12 lead with 8:04 left to play, and outscored Tulsa, 7-6, to take a 23-18 advantage into the break.
The Owls had a game-high eight-point lead as Jessica Goswitz scored a three-pointer to start the second half, but Tulsa battled back to tie the game at 28-all with 16:03 on the clock. Neither team led by more than two baskets for the remainder of the contest, with TU holding most of the advantage in the second frame, and the Hurricane came away with a four-point win.
The Owls were led by Goswitz with 12 points, all of which came off three-pointers, and Christal Porter with 10 points. Jessica Kuster pulled down 12 rebounds, Megan Palmer had 10 and Nakachi Maduka had four assists.
Rice shot 32-percent from the field, 31-percent from behind the arc and 53-percent from the free throw line.
Tulsa will return to action on Thursday, Feb. 21st against SMU. Game time is set for 7:00 pm at Moody Coliseum in Dallas, Texas.


text: Vendeur: pawstoyourdoor (94.770) 99.9%, Lieu où se trouve: Horsham, West Sussex, Lieu de livraison: Europe, US, CA, AU, Numéro de l'objet: 231357537431 Type: Locking Flap Door, Material: Plastic, Lock Mechanism: Manual, Brand: Staywell, MPN: 300EF, Item Type: Catflaps, Product Type: Catflaps, Sub-Type: Traditional, Item Subtype: Cat Flaps, Les Détails: Staywell Petsafe 300 EF 4 way locking cat flap / pet door Normal 0 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Fast Dispatch. Free UK First Class Post. Free UK Returns. White finish Simple fit, easy to use In only, out only, opened or locked Suitable for fitting to thick/hollow doors or walls or double glazing(only at time of manufacture) Fits wooden, glass, PVC/UPVC, metal doors & brick walls Optional tunnel extension and fitting screws included. Dimensions: Overall size: 252mm x 241mm Cut out size: -175mm x 168mm Cut out size: - Glass 212mm Pet max. shoulder width: 150mm Integral tunnel to fit windows, walls and doors up to max. (54mm) Suitable for pets up to 7kg.Please note: Staywell is part of the Petsafe family of brands. All Staywell products are currently being rebranded under the Petsafe logo. There is no change in the actual products just the logo on the packaging. Customer Care All items are dispatched within 2 working days, most are sent the same day. For small items we use Royal Mail, larger items are mostly sent via courier. If you need any further information or would like to make payment please phone our Customer care line on 01403 791963 We can supply a huge range of pet products, if you don't see what you require in our shop please contact us via email or telephone. We also offer a local delivery service in and around Horsham. Thank you for looking


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What do you do when sales start lagging, key employees start leaving, and customers start bolting to the competition? Consultant Kramer offers a step-by-step manual for turning around your small business — from writing updated business, marketing and operating plans to cutting costs, boosting sales and getting vendors and creditors on your side.
©2017 Soundview, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission. Please read our Terms & Conditions.


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About Moana Events
Be a guest at your own wedding. Moana Events seeks to provide each couple with an exceptional and unique wedding that in... Read MoreRead More corporates a sense of beauty and, most importantly, personality. Our outstanding service, seamless coordination, and sense of beauty will provide you with a wedding that surpasses all expectations.Request A Quote


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IPL and laser damage in Ca.
- 33 total posts
- 1 review
- 1 discussion
- 25 comments
- 6 questions
Reviews & Stories
Worth Every Penny!!! - Laguna Beach, Ca
I'm 46 yo and have always felt that I had to wear mascara to make my eyes stand out. I'm very active outdoors and I love the beach. My active lifestyle and make-up did not go together and as I matured, I realized the more make-up that I wore, the older that I looked. I decided to try latisse... my three sisters were interested as well so, I played the guinea pig. Within 3 months my... READ MORE
Questions from IPL and laser damage in Ca.
Pro-fractional Right For Me? I Have Hyper Pigmentation from Laser. (photo)
Hi. First of all, I want to thank all doctors on this site for helping... you have no idea how much it means to myself and others. I've had 2 IPLs and 1 laser treatment.... READ MORE
Breast Became Hard Overnight and Implant Has Shifted After 11 Years? (photo)
I awoke this morning to my breast being sensitive. I leaned up against something and noticed that it was hard as a rock. When I felt my breast, I could feel and also see the... READ MORE
Cost for Replacing Encapsulated Breast After 11 Years of Implants? (photo)
Hi... I awoke the other morning to an encapsulated breast.... maybe I'm oblivious but I truly had no warning signs. I went to see the doctor who originally did the surgery and... READ MORE
Breast Revision Using ADM (Acellular Dermal Matrix)? (photo)
I've had my implants for 11 yrs with no complications. Last week I awoke to one breast being encapsulated. Thus far, I've visited two doctors. One Dr. suggested replacing my... READ MORE
ADM Vs Strattice. Need a Second Opinion? (photo)
I have an encapsulation after 11 ys of having implants. I've been to see a few doctors and 2 out of 3 docs have said that I need to replace my saline implants with silicone, I... READ MORE
Removing Both Capsules or Just the Encapsulated One? (photo)
I have posted other questions before... thank you for all of your great answers! My left breast is encapsulated. My implants are now beneath the muscle. I will need my implants... READ MORE
Discussions started by IPL and laser damage in Ca.
A few questions... good PS in Orange county, Ca. Cost?... and question on high profile implants.
Hi... I've had my breast implants for 11 years now... I awoke the other morning to a encapsulated implant/breast. My breast was suddenly hard as a rock and the implant has... READ MORE
Recent comments from IPL and laser damage in Ca.
Hi Ioana... Yes, Michele is a definitely a beauty and she has an incredibly sweet soul as well!! I know the feeling... I felt the same way when I ran across this page... it lures you in and you just can't stop reading! I have heard very... READ COMMENT
Hello my dear Michele and beautiful ladies... I just read your post... you are so right on!... when it comes to laser treatments or peels... ladies PLEASE BE CAREFUL!!! I now have white spots on both sides of my face and I have to live... READ COMMENT
Hi Angie... thank you so much for your response! Yes... I'm a bit bummed about the sudden encapsulation but after reading some of the horror stories... the multiple surgeries that so many woman have had to repair encapsulation etc, I... READ COMMENT
Hi natorade... I read your post and just want to advise you to please be very careful with whatever treatment you choose to use on your face. Careful with the lasers!!!... they can make your melasma worse! Over the years, I've spent a... READ COMMENT
Leeloo3... she certainly does look 35... it's absolutely amazing! She's beautiful on the inside and on the out! I agree, she is a light... a light that has guided me through a difficult time... a true caring soul. Btw... I have a... READ COMMENT


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Ross Brawn believes Mercedes have learned from the problems they experienced with their 2012 car and have addressed its key weaknesses with the W04.
Day: February 4, 2013 articles archive
Hamilton getting rid of buttons and getting used to left at Mercedes
2013 F1 seasonPosted on
Hamilton: 'I've got at least double the amount of buttons and switches on my steering wheel… I've already got rid of quite a few."
Hamilton: It's "crazy" Kovalainen hasn't got a seat
2013 F1 seasonPosted on
Lewis Hamilton says it's "crazy" his former team mate Heikki Kovalainen has lost him place in Formula One.
Driver line-up for Jerez test confirmed
2013 F1 testingPosted on
The driver line-up for the first day of testing at Jerez has been confirmed.
'Fourth engine manufacturer' could join F1
2013 F1 seasonPosted on
A new engine manufacturer is considering joining Formula One, according to Mercedes' team bosses.
Toro Rosso STR8 launch: First pictures
2013 F1 carsPosted on
The Toro Rosso STR8 is ready for the start of testing ahead of the 2013 season. Here are the first pictures of the new car.
Hamilton does his first laps in a Mercedes
F1 picturesPosted on
Lewis Hamilton has got behind the wheel of a Mercedes for the first time during a filming day at the Jerez circuit.
Williams reorganise race engineers for 2013
2013 F1 seasonPosted on
Williams have reorganised their race engineers ahead of the 2013 season.
Mercedes W04 launch: First pictures and video
2013 F1 carsPosted on
The Mercedes W04, one of the most eagerly-anticipated new cars of 2013, has broken cover for the first time. Here are the first pictures of the new car.
Red Bull determined to extend title streak
F1 Fanatic round-upPosted on
In the round-up: Red Bull eye fourth titles with RB9 ?���?� Horner happy with Webber performance ?���?� Mercedes spend 'record' amount in single season


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On the bright side, Reto Berra is available out of the bullpen.
When asked Wednesday if the Calgary Flames netminder getting the hook Tuesday night against the Chicago Blackhawks — the second straight game head coach Bob Hartley has been forced into a mid-game goalie switch, after Karri Ramo was yanked Friday against the Nashville Predators — would somehow diminish his standing in the season-long two-man crease competition, Hartley dipped into his bag of analogies.
"Once, I went to see Roger Clemens pitch and he didn't pass the first inning," Hartley said. "I travelled miles and miles and I could have watched him pitch thousands of games where he probably went the distance. You don't control those situations.
NHL Headlines
Flames head coach Bob Hartley shrugs off goalies' recent struggles
Calgary Sun | Jan 30
On the bright side, Reto Berra is available out of the bullpen.


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I decided to get myself an early birthday present since heck.. I haven't gotten myself anything for the past few years anyway.
Looks like just another notebook right? Well that's because you don't have a point of reference as to how big this is. Just as a recap first.. remember this pic from my P1610 review?
Well here's the card on this new notebook I got.
Yup... It's EVEN smaller.. what I got here is the Fujitsu U1010 UMPC.
If you don't know what a UMPC (Ultra Mobile PC) is, in plain english it means a pretty small notebook that you can lug around almost everywhere.
It's a very lightly spec'ed machine to fit it's very small shell. Inside is an Intel A110 800Mhz processor, it has 1GB of RAM (Which I'm pretty sure is non upgradable) a 40GB Hard disk... hang on let me just take a slight detour abit.. Hey Fujitsu! You have ONLY a 40GB Hard Disk so who's big idea was it to split the darn thing into 2 partitions!?!? Luckily they are NTFS partitions and I immediately expanded the C partition into the space occupied by the D partition after deleting it.
Like all notebooks that I have been getting since a few years ago.
The U1010 is able to transform to tablet mode. It has a passive touch screen which has the same palm rejection technology as the P1610's passive touch screen but I think it doesn't work as well because of it's smaller size. One thing that Fujitsu needs to note about their palm rejection touch screens in the manual is that YOU CAN'T USE YOUR FINGERTIPS ON IT! I've seen a few reviews say that the U1010 requires a HEAVY TOUCH for the presses on the touch screen to register, that's absolutely NOT true. The screen basically rejects touches by errr... flesh like (I'm guessing conductive) substances, therefore... finger tip = doesn't register very well. Finger NAIL = WORKS LIKE A CHARM! Another thing I found interesting while writing on the screen using the included stylus.. it feels weird.. sometimes it's silky smooth like all touchscreens should be and sometimes it feels rough as if there's dust on the stylus making me feel as if I'm scratching the screen.. and that's NOT A GOOD feeling to have!
The screen's native resolution is 1024x600... yes you will go blind if you keep the windows text fonts at their default sizes.
The U1010 is a VERY small notebook, and yet Fujitsu tried to put a real keyboard in it instead of a thumbboard or some other input method. The results?
If you're not familiar with notebook keyboards, see all those symbols surrounded by square boxes? You need to press the FN key along with the actual key to get those functions. And for those of you who are familiar with the concept of the FN key on a keyboard. Yup... the cursor keys are NOT directly accesible... neither are the function keys.. and for those of you who have scrutinized the whole keyboard.. yes... the HOME,END,PG UP and PG DOWN keys are not there.
Does this cramp your typing style? Most definetly! Are the missing keys that important? OF COURSE! Is there a way around it? Yes! Once you're used to a using a notebook with a touch screen you'll find that if you need the text cursor to be somewhere on screen, it's faster to just tap the location with your finger instead of using the mouse.
And probably because people at Fujitsu realised that most people would need to look at the keyboard to work on it they put in something to help you when you're trying to get online in a dark room.
Built-in lights for the keyboard!
In order to make the track point (wait... isn't track point copyrighted by IBM or something? Oh.. it's called a GLIDE POINT here.) accessible in both laptop and tablet mode, it's placed on the right of the body frame.
The left and right buttons are placed on the left.
While this make the controls easily accessible in tablet form. It again feels weird in laptop mode since you have to move both your hands away from the keyboard to do something. But heck.. it's a compromise you'll have to make if you want something this small!
One compromise which I DON'T agree with is this.
Because of the already cramped layout of the U1010, they couldn't put a physical ethernet jack and VGA OUT port on the device and therefore you need to remember to bring along a dongle if you want to make presentations with the U1010. The other problem I have is how the dongle connects to the unit.
In case you're wondering... the battery has taken the entire rear section of the device.
The right side is taken up by a CF slot, the power switch and a lone USB 2.0 port. The processor should be at this end as well since there's a fan grill on the right as well.
On the left you have the Wifi & Bluetooth toggle switch above the power socket, then an SD card slot, followed by a volume control rocker, then the mic & headphone ports. So.. as you can see.. no place for a monitor or network port. But still...
It's just too shocking to see it this way.
Anyway enough about the physical looks if anyone have any questions leave a comment or drop me a mail. So.. how does the thing run? Well.. how do you expect a modern day 800Mhz processor system to run? It does things well enough as long as you don't push it too far, you'll be able to surf the net.. check your mail.. do your Office work tasks well enough, but if you force a virtual memory swap cause you opened too many applications well that's when you start waiting. Oh this is definetly NOT a gaming machine.
That said.. you can watch videos of course.. but I think WMVHD is out of the question though.
More reports after I use this thing for a while longer.
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In this month's soap opera Busted to Blissful, Soapdom's Lesleyann Coker is fed up with As the World Turns, but she couldn't be more delighted with the turn of events on One Life to Live. What on ATWT has busted Coker's bubbles? What is it about OLTL that has put her in bubblicious bubble bliss! Read on...
Do You Agree? Dish Busted to Blissful with Lesleyann Coker Right Here!
ATWT'S Carly and Simon Generate Heat
I didn't expect to like the romantic relationship between Carly and Simon on As the World Turns. As a CarJack fan, I thought I would never want to see either Carly or Jack with anyone else, especially not after the whole Julia debacle. However, thanks to the heat generated between Maura West (Carly) and Paul Leyden (Simon), I have become a believer in the phenomenon that is CarSi.
You might wonder then, why I'm writing a "Busted" on this topic. The answer is simple -- CarSi is a pairing that was always slated to be brief, thanks to Leyden's impending exit from the show. Maybe the powers-that-be didn't anticipate the chemistry these seasoned pros would have together. It should have been obvious though, because pairing Carly with Simon makes perfect sense in hindsight.
Even though Carly settled into domestic bliss with Jack and their three kids several years ago, it didn't mean she completely abandoned her carefree, devil may care attitude. It was always a part of her core. Her feisty spirit might have been buried for awhile, but it was still lurking there underneath, like a caged animal trying to break free. Jack recognized this aspect of Carly's personality a long time ago, and realized he just couldn't deal with it any more, which is why they ultimately divorced a few months ago.
Of course, now Jack has seen how unfair it was of him to love only parts of Carly. He's come crawling back, willing to accept her, flaws and all. In typical soap fashion, now it's too late, and Carly has chosen Simon. When she explained to Jack that it was just too hard to be with him, because she was always trying to be someone she wasn't, it rang true to both Jack and the viewers. With Simon, Carly can finally be herself.
The true genius of this new couple is that they're like opposite sex mirror images of each other. Simon said as much to Carly when he told her he had never met anyone else who reminded him so much of himself. To the rest of the world, Simon and Carly look like schemers and con-artists, but to each other, they see nothing but excitement and fun with a kindred spirit. They're always on the lookout for their next adventure, and celebrating the high it gives them to get away with things. For Carly, her relationship with Jack was work. With Simon, the relationship is effortless.
It's not Jack's fault he can't be a fly by the seat of your pants kind of guy, because it would go against the very grain of his straight-laced cop nature. I think that's what makes this storyline so compelling - Carly and Jack are two people who love each other but cannot change themselves to conform to the other's expectations, and shouldn't have to.
Simon challenges Carly in a way Jack never could, which manifests itself in everything from the writing to the acting. With this new partnership, West looks like she's having the time of her life, and there is a sparkle in her eye and a sass in her voice that has been missing for a long time. Leyden also looks reenergized. In Simon's relationship with his ex-wife Katie, he had to hide a part of himself to protect her, and with Carly, everything is out in the open. He doesn't have to worry if Carly's psyche is unable to withstand the truth. Carly can give as good as she gets, and is more than capable of taking care of herself.
ATWT should give Leyden whatever he wants to return after West's maternity leave, so this dynamic duo can have a chance to realize their full supercouple potential. If Leyden doesn't want to come back, then shame on ATWT for starting something great they can't possibly finish.
OLTL Utilizes Its History
The big reveal on One Life to Live that teenage Cole is the son of Marty Saybrook is genius on so many levels. It's a real treat whenever a show can reward long time viewers with a stroll through its own history, and the more characters involved, the better.
The history this particular story encompasses is long and complicated, and ties the past to the future through two generations. When Todd was in college, he raped Marty, and they have both suffered the consequences in the intervening years. Flash forward to the present, and Todd and Blair's daughter, Starr, is a Freshman in high school. She develops a crush on Cole, a Sophomore transfer student who is the star quarterback of the football team, and unbeknownst to everyone, also happens to be Marty's son.
Cole has a dirty little secret -- he has been taking steroids. In a moment of "roid rage," he attacks Starr for being a tease and leading him on. He doesn't rape her, but definitely scares her. The police are called, and Starr has to go down to the police station and make a statement. Then Cole's mother enters. Of course, Todd and Blair think Marty put her son up to the attack as revenge for what happened. Marty assures them this is not the case, and has to explain the sordid truth about her past with Todd to her clueless son. This also makes for an awkward conversation between Todd and his teenage daughter.
The show is brave to reintroduce one of its most controversial storylines of all time to a new generation of fans. The fallout from this story has been a goldmine for the actors, too.
Trevor St. John (though he wasn't playing the role at the time of the rape) has owned every scene he's in, as Todd tries to reconcile the person he was in the past with the person he is today. Not only for himself -- but for his daughter. The always reliable Kristen Alderson has shone in her first real adult scenes, while Starr struggles with how the father she adores could do something so heinous, and how she can still love him anyway.
Christina Chambers had the difficult task of taking over for Emmy winner Susan Haskell as Marty. She has managed in just a short amount of time to display a quiet yet forceful inner strength, critical to the character.
The always mesmerizing Kassie DePavia (Blair) has come out swinging against her longtime nemesis, Marty. Since DePavia is the only original actor of the three pivotal adults in this storyline, her conviction to the material really helps make it work, and sells the story to the rest of us. If Blair is hopping mad, then we're hopping mad too.
Could the story have been ratcheted up a notch with Haskell as Marty and with a stronger teenage actor as Cole? Absolutely. But by revisiting the past anyway, OLTL has taken a chance that has paid off . All it took was competent actors, fascinating character development, and referencing the show's vast storytelling history. Other shows should take note of this winning formula.
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The older population is the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population. Persons over 65 comprised 13% of the total population in 2000, and this number is expected to increase to 20% by 2030.
In the United States today, there are about 38 million licensed drivers over age 65, and by 2024, one in four drivers will be aged 65+.
Many Americans have not planned for "retirement-from-driving". Without support, many of these older people who can no longer drive may also lose their ability to live independently in the community.
Here at the University of Florida National Older Driver Research and Training Center, we are helping older persons maintain their safe driving ability for as long as possible, and for those who can no longer drive, we provide counseling in approaches to maintain active community mobility.
Key Aspects of Our Work
- Service program offering assessment of driving skills
- Referral to health professionals to improve driving ability
- Counseling and training in the use of alternative transportation and services to allow former drivers to continue to live independently in the community.
NODRTC Components
- Determine reliability of clinically-based tests to predict a person's behind-the-wheel abilities/performance
- Establish a referral and remediation approach for those people who could be safe drivers after remediation. Remediation includes such things as getting new glasses, installing adaptive equipment, and advanced technology in the vehicle such as the use of Smart Phone Technology and on-board sensors to track problem driving behaviors and provide feedback to the driver and others as appropriate.(i.e., family, law enforcement).
- For those who cannot continue driving safely, counseling is provided, which includes psychological counseling, as this may be a major life event. Education regarding savings from no longer owning a car, and the use of alternatives to the car and alternative services is also offered through NODRTC.
- In conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association, develop a model training program and field-work site for therapists to learn the skills necessary for working with older drivers.


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I'm 55 and plannimg for a mommy makeover. I have been fighting this cold off and on about 2 weeks now. My surgery date is in 3 days. How long should I wait to be strong enough for this surgery. I feel a little better but don't know if my body is ready yet. Please advice me as to how long is safe to wait till I go under the knife?! Thanks. Melody
Surgery Delay Period After a Cold?
Doctor Answers 11
Surgery Delay Period After a Cold?
Your plastic surgeon will be the only relevant resource when it comes to determining your ability to proceed at this time.
Best wishes.
Learn more: http://www.poustiplasticsurgery.com
Sick before planned surgery
Delay until you are well!
In the post-operative period, pre-existing upper respiratory infections can progress to pneumonia.This can lead to severe coughing which can lead to severe abdominal pain.In some cases, this can even result in disruption of the abdominal muscle closure.
Although it appears to be a minor cough associated with a cold, it could have big consequences.For this reason, it's important to delay surgery and evaluate the problem.
You might also like...
Delaying surgery
A visit to your primary care physician may best answer your question. He or she can examine you to determine if you are deemed healthy enough to proceed with surgery. You want to ensure that you have no active infection present. Good luck.
Delay of surgery after sickness
Generally, waiting at least 2 weeks from when you are fully recovered from your illness would be recommended prior to undergoing any elective surgery. You should see your primary care physician to make sure there are no other issues. You want to make sure your lung function is optimal prior to any general anesthesia.
Feeling sick before surgery
I strongly recommend that you see your primary care doctor and have him/her listen to your heart and lungs and make sure you are okay before surgery. Otherwise, you may make all the arrangements for surgery and have the procedure cancelled by your anesthesiologist. Worse yet, would be to have the surgery aggravate your illness causing you a problem. Good luck.
Delaying elective surgery due to sickness
Hello. It would be risky to have an elective surgery while sick in any way. Having any kind of infection prior to surgery greatly increases the risk of a surgical site infection so it is best for you to postpone your surgery for at least two weeks to avoid any unnecessary health issues.
Jaime Perez, MD
Mommy Makeover Specialist
Plastic Surgery Center of Tampa
Learn more: http://www.jaimeperezmd.com/photogallery/mommy-makeover-10286
Mommy Make Over with a cold
If you were my patient, I'd re-schedule your surgery. Here's why:
- a mommy make over uses general anesthesia which stresses your lungs.
- the cold reduces your lung function
- so you are likely to get atelectasis (poor lung expansion), pneumonia or another breathing complication.
- the anesthesiologist will probably cancel your surgery - if you don't.
- In doubt? Ask for a referral to a pulmonologist for a full evaluation.
Hope this helps!
How Long to Wait for Mommy Makeover after Cold?
Anyone not feeling well I reschedule until they are feeling well. There is no real time period here. If you are feeling well, you can have your surgery.
Surgery Delay Period After a Cold?
A month is a reasonable waiting period for you to recover, and to be certain that there are no bacterial complications (pneumonia, sinusitis) especially if implants are part of the makeover.
Best wishes for an uneventful recovery.
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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Mod Clothing icons Lambretta team up with Seattle based Word Artist Joni James. Psychedelic Sixties calligraphy cleverly manipulated into Mod scooter form. A stand out Retro Clothing masterpiece with a cool Indie edge - by Lambretta.
Mens black Retro crew neck, short sleeve T-shirt by Lambretta. Contrast stone Psychedelic Sixties scooter graphic made from striking word art. Lambretta Mens Retro T-shirt with art by Joni James.
LAMBRETTA MENS RETRO SIXTIES MOD WORD ART SCOOTER T-SHIRT. MENS RETRO SIXTIES MOD WORD ART SCOOTER T-SHIRT by LAMBRETTA - Mens black Retro short sleeve T-shirt by Lambretta. Joni James word art that takes the form of classic Mod scooter. Psychedelic Sixties poster style graphic on a cool Indie crew neck T-shirt.
Brand: Lambretta Clothing.
Colour: Black.
Composition: 100% Cotton.
Care: Machine wash. Please refer to full instructions on garment care label.
SKU: LMK7829 Word Art Lambretta Scooter T-shirt. LAMBRETTA Retro Sixties Mod Scooter Word Art T-shirt (Black).
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Cash PEPE Retro Mod Slim Leg Indie Jeans (DB)
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