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Zacharias Chapter 1
1:1. In the eighth month, in the second year of king Darius, the word of the Lord came to Zacharias the son of Barachias, the son of Addo, the prophet, saying:
1:2. The Lord hath been exceeding angry with your fathers.
1:3. And thou shalt say to them: Thus saith the Lord of hosts: Turn ye to me, saith the Lord of hosts: and I will turn to you, saith the Lord of hosts.
1:4. Be not as your fathers, to whom the former prophets have cried, saying: Thus saith the Lord of hosts: Turn ye from your evil ways, and from your wicked thoughts: but they did not give ear, neither did they hearken to me, saith the Lord.
1:5. Your fathers, where are they? and the prophets, shall they live always?
1:6. But yet my words, and my ordinances, which I gave in charge to my servants the prophets, did they not take hold of your fathers, and they returned, and said: As the Lord of hosts thought to do to us according to our ways, and according to our devices, so he hath done to us.
1:7. In the four and twentieth day of the eleventh month which is called Sabath, in the second year of Darius, the word of the Lord came to Zacharias the son of Barachias, the son of Addo, the prophet, saying:
1:8. I saw by night, and behold a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle trees, that were in the bottom: and behind him were horses, red, speckled, and white.
A man... An angel in the shape of a man. It was probably Michael, the guardian angel of the church of God.
1:9. And I said: What are these, my lord? and the angel that spoke in me, said to me: I will shew thee what these are:
1:10. And the man that stood among the myrtle trees answered, and said: These are they, whom the Lord hath sent to walk through the earth.
These are they, etc... The guardian angels of provinces and nations.
1:11. And they answered the angel of the Lord, that stood among the myrtle trees, and said: We have walked through the earth, and behold all the earth is inhabited, and is at rest.
1:12. And the angel of the Lord answered, and said: O Lord of hosts, how long wilt thou not have mercy on Jerusalem, and on the cities of Juda, with which thou hast been angry? this is now the seventieth year.
The seventieth year... Viz., from the beginning of the seige of Jerusalem, in the ninth year of king Sedecias, to the second year of king Darius. These seventy years of the desolation of Jerusalem and the cities of Juda, are different from the seventy years of captivity foretold by Jeremias; which began in the fourth year of Joakim, and ended in the first year of king Cyrus.
1:13. And the Lord answered the angel, that spoke in me, good words, comfortable words.
1:14. And the angel that spoke in me, said to me: Cry thou, saying: Thus saith the Lord of hosts: I am zealous for Jerusalem, and Sion with a great zeal.
1:15. And I am angry with a great anger with the wealthy nations: for I was angry a little, but they helped forward the evil.
1:16. Therefore thus saith the Lord: I will return to Jerusalem in mercies: my house shall be built in it, saith the Lord of hosts: and the building line shall be stretched forth upon Jerusalem.
1:17. Cry yet, saying: Thus saith the Lord of hosts: My cities shall yet flow with good things: and the Lord wlll yet comfort Sion, and he will yet choose Jerusalem.
1:18. And I lifted up my eyes, and saw: and behold four horns.
Four horns... The four horns represent the empires, or kingdoms, that persecute and oppress the kingdom of God.
1:19. And I said to the angel that spoke in me: What are these? And he said to me: These are the horns that have scattered Juda, and Israel, and Jerusalem.
1:20. And the Lord shewed me four smiths.
Four smiths... The four smiths, or carpenters ( for faber may signify either) represent those whom God makes his instruments in bringing to nothing the power of persecutors.
1:21. And I said: What come these to do? and he spoke, saying: These are the horns which have scattered Juda every man apart, and none of them lifted up his head: and these are come to fray them, to cast down the horns of the nations, that have lifted up the horn upon the land of Juda to scatter it.
Zacharias Chapter 2
2:1. And I lifted up my eyes, and saw, and behold a man, with a measuring line in his hand.
2:2. And I said: Whither goest thou? and he said to me: To measure Jerusalem, and to see how great is the breadth thereof, and how great the length thereof.
2:3. And behold the angel that spoke in me went forth, and another angel went out to meet him.
2:4. And he said to him: Run, speak to this young man, saying: Jerusalem shall be inhabited without walls, by reason of the multitude of men, and of the beasts in the midst thereof.
Jerusalem shall be inhabited without walls... This must be understood of the spiritual Jerusalem, the church of Christ.
2:5. And I will be to it, saith the Lord, a wall of fire round about: and I will be in glory in the midst thereof.
2:6. O, O flee ye out of the land of the north, saith the Lord, for I have scattered you into the four winds of heaven, saith the Lord.
2:7. O Sion, flee, thou that dwellest with the daughter of Babylon:
2:8. For thus saith the Lord of hosts: After the glory he hath sent me to the nations that have robbed you: for he that toucheth you, toucheth the apple of my eye:
2:9. For behold, I lift up my hand upon them, and they shall be a prey to those that served them: and you shall know that the Lord of hosts sent me.
2:10. Sing praise, and rejoice, O daughter of Sion: for behold I come, and I will dwell in the midst of thee: saith the Lord.
2:11. And many nations shall be joined to the Lord in that day, and they shall be my people, and I will dwell in the midst of thee: and thou shalt know that the Lord of hosts hath sent me to thee.
2:12. And the Lord shall possess Juda his portion in the sanctified land: and he shall yet choose Jerusalem.
2:13. Let all flesh be silent at the presence of the Lord: for he is risen up out of his holy habitation.
Zacharias Chapter 3
3:1. And the Lord shewed me Jesus the high priest standing before the angel of the Lord: and Satan stood on his right hand to be his adversary.
Jesus... Alias, Josue, the son of Josedec, the high priest of that time.
3:2. And the Lord said to Satan: The Lord rebuke thee, O Satan: and the Lord that chose Jerusalem rebuke thee: Is not this a brand plucked out of the fire?
3:3. And Jesus was clothed with filthy garments: and he stood before the face of the angel.
With filthy garments... Negligences and sins.
3:4. Who answered, and said to them that stood before him, saying: Take away the filthy garments from him. And he said to him: Behold I have taken away thy iniquity, and have clothed thee with change of garments.
3:5. And he said: Put a clean mitre upon his head: and they put a clean mitre upon his head, and clothed him with garments, and the angel of the Lord stood.
3:6. And the angel of the Lord protested to Jesus, saying:
3:7. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: If thou wilt walk in my ways, and keep my charge, thou also shalt judge my house, and shalt keep my courts, and I will give thee some of them that are now present here to walk with thee.
I will give thee, etc... Angels to attend and assist thee.
3:8. Hear, O Jesus thou high priest, thou and thy friends that dwell before thee, for they are portending men: for behold, I WILL BRING MY SERVANT THE ORIENT.
Portending men... That is, men, who by words and actions are to foreshew wonders that are to come.-Ibid. My servant the Orient... Christ, who according to his humanity is the servant of God, is called the Orient from his rising like the sun in the east to enlighten the world.
3:9. For behold the stone that I have laid before Jesus: upon one stone there are seven eyes: behold I will grave the graving thereof, saith the Lord of hosts: and I will take away the iniquity of that land in one day.
The stone... Another emblem of Christ, the rock, foundation, and corner stone of his church.-Ibid. Seven eyes... The manifold providence of Christ over his church, or the seven gifts of the spirit of God.-Ibid. One day... Viz., the day of the passion of Christ, the source of all our good: when this precious stone shall be graved, that is, cut and pierced, with whips, thorns, nails, and spear.
3:10. In that day, saith the Lord of hosts, every man shall call his friend under the vine and under the fig tree.
Zacharias Chapter 4
4:1. And the angel that spoke in me came again: and he waked me, as a man that is wakened out of his sleep.
4:2. And he said to me: What seest thou? And I said: I have looked, and behold a candlestick all of gold, and its lamp upon the top of it: and the seven lights thereof upon it: and seven funnels for the lights that were upon the top thereof.
A candlestick, etc... The temple of God that was then in building; and in a more sublime sense, the church of Christ.
4:3. And two olive trees over it: one upon the right side of the lamp, and the other upon the left side thereof.
4:4. And I answered, and said to the angel that spoke in me, saying: What are these things, my lord?
4:5. And the angel that spoke in me answered, and said to me: Knowest thou not what these things are? And I said: No, my lord.
4:6. And he answered, and spoke to me, saying: This is the word of the Lord to Zorobabel, saying: Not with an army, nor by might, but by my spirit, saith the Lord of hosts.
To Zorobabel... This vision was in favour of Zorobabel: to assure him of success in the building of the temple, which he had begun, signified by the candlestick; the lamp of which, without any other industry, was supplied with oil, dropping from the two olive trees, and distributed by the seven funnels or pipes, to maintain the seven lights.
4:7. Who art thou, O great mountain, before Zorobabel? thou shalt become a plain: and he shall bring out the chief stone, and shall give equal grace to the grace thereof.
Great mountain... So he calls the opposition made by the enemies of Gods people; which nevertheless, without an army or might on their side, was quashed by divine providence.-Ibid. Shall give equal grace, etc... Shall add grace to grace, or beauty to beauty.
4:8. And the word of the Lord came to me, saying:
4:9. The hands of Zorobabel have laid the foundations of this house, and his hands shall finish it: and you shall know that the Lord of hosts hath sent me to you.
4:10. For who hath despised little days? and they shall rejoice, and shall see the tin plummet in the hand of Zorobabel. These are the seven eyes of the Lord, that run to and fro through the whole earth.
Little days... That is, these small and feeble beginnings of the temple of God.-Ibid. The tin plummet... Literally, the stone of tin. He means the builders plummet, which Zorobabel shall hold in his hand for the finishing the building.-Ibid. The seven eyes... The providence of God, that oversees and orders all things.
4:11. And I answered, and said to him: What are these two olive trees upon the right side of the candlestick, and upon the left side thereof ?
4:12. And I answered again, and said to him: What are the two olive branches, that are by the two golden beaks, in which are the funnels of gold?
4:13. And he spoke to me, saying: Knowest thou not what these are? And I said: No, my lord.
4:14. And he said: These are two sons of oil who stand before the Lord of the whole earth.
Two sons of oil... That is, the two anointed ones of the Lord; viz., Jesus the high priest, and Zorobabel the prince.
Zacharias Chapter 5
5:1. And I turned and lifted up my eyes: and I saw, and behold a volume flying.
A volume... That is, a parchment, according to the form of the ancient books, which, from being rolled up, were called volumes.
5:2. And he said to me: What seest thou? And I said: I see a volume flying: the length thereof is twenty cubits, and the breadth thereof ten cubits.
5:3. And he said to me: This is the curse that goeth forth over the face of the earth: for every thief shall be judged as is there written: and every one that sweareth in like manner shall be judged by it.
5:4. I will bring it forth, saith the Lord of hosts: and it shall come to the house of the thief, and to the house of him that sweareth falsely by my name: and it shall remain in the midst of his house, and shall consume it, with the timber thereof, and the stones thereof.
5:5. And the angel went forth that spoke in me, and he said to me: Lift up thy eyes, and see what this is, that goeth forth.
5:6. And I said: What is it? And he said: This is a vessel going forth. And he said: This is their eye in all the earth.
This is their eye... This is what they fix their eye upon: or this is a resemblance and figure of them, viz., of sinners.
5:7. And behold a talent of lead was carried, and behold a woman sitting in the midst of the vessel.
5:8. And he said: This is wickedness. And he cast her into the midst of the vessel, and cast the weight of lead upon the mouth thereof.
5:9. And I lifted up my eyes and looked: and behold there came out two women, and wind was in their wings, and they had wings like the wings of a kite: and they lifted up the vessel between the earth and the heaven.
5:10. And I said to the angel that spoke in me: Whither do these carry the vessel?
5:11. And he said to me: That a house may be built for it in the land of Sennaar, and that it may be established, and set there upon its own basis.
The land of Sennaar... Where Babel or Babylon was built, Gen. 11., where note, that Babylon in holy writ is often taken for the city of the devil: that is, for the whole congregation of the wicked: as Jerusalem is taken for the city and people of God.
Zacharias Chapter 6
6:1. And I turned, and lifted up my eyes, and saw: and behold four chariots came out from the midst of two mountains: and the mountains were mountains of brass.
Four chariots... The four great empires of the Chaldeans, Persians, Grecians, and Romans. Or perhaps by the fourth chariot are represented the kings of Egypt and of Asia, the descendants of Ptolemeus and Seleucus.
6:2. In the first chariot were red horses, and in the second chariot black horses.
6:3. And in the third chariot white horses, and in the fourth chariot grisled horses, and strong ones.
6:4. And I answered, and said to the angel that spoke in me: What are these, my lord?
6:5. And the angel answered, and said to me: These are the four winds of the heaven, which go forth to stand before the Lord of all the earth.
6:6. That in which were the black horses went forth into the land of the north, and the white went forth after them: and the grisled went forth to the land the south.
The land of the north... So Babylon is called; because it lay to the north in respect of Jerusalem. The black horses, that is, the Medes and Persians: and after them Alexander and his Greeks, signified by the white horses, went thither because they conquered Babylon, executed upon it the judgments of God, which is signified, ver. 8, by the expression of quieting his spirit.-Ibid. The land of the south... Egypt, which lay to the south of Jerusalem, and was occupied first by Ptolemeus, and then by the Romans.
6:7. And they that were most strong, went out, and sought to go, and to run to and fro through all the earth. And he said: Go, walk throughout the earth: and they walked throughout the earth.
6:8. And he called me, and spoke to me, saying: Behold they that go forth into the land of the north, have quieted my spirit in the land of the north.
6:9. And the word of the Lord came to me, saying:
6:10. Take of them of the captivity, of Holdai, and of Tobias, and of Idaias; thou shalt come in that day, a shalt go into the house of Josias, the son of Sophonias, who came out of Babylon.
6:11. And thou shalt take gold and silver: and shalt make crowns, and thou shalt set them on the head of Jesus the son of Josedec, the high priest.
6:12. And thou shalt speak to him, saying: Thus saith the Lord of hosts, saying: BEHOLD A MAN, THE ORIENT IS HIS NAME: and under him shall he spring up, a shall build a temple to the Lord.
6:13. Yea, he shall build a temple to the Lord: and he shall bear the glory, and shall sit, and rule upon his throne: and he shall be a priest upon his throne, and the counsel of peace shall be between them both.
Between them both... That is, he shall unite in himself the two offices or dignities of king and priest.
6:14. And the crowns shall be to Helem, and Tobias, and Idaias, and to Hem, the son of Sophonias, a memorial in the temple of the Lord.
6:15. And they that are far off, shall come and shall build in the temple of the Lord: and you shall know that the Lord of hosts sent me to you. But this shall come to pass, if hearing you will hear the voice of the Lord your God.
Zacharias Chapter 7
7:1. And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Darius, that the word of the Lord came to Zacharias, in the fourth day of the ninth month, which is Casleu.
7:2. When Sarasar, and Rogommelech, and the men that were with him, sent to the house of God, to entreat the face of the Lord:
7:3. To speak to the priests of the house of the Lord of hosts, and to the prophets, saying: Must I weep in the fifth month, or must I sanctify myself as I have now done for many years?
The fifth month... They fasted on the tenth day of the fifth month; because on that day the temple was burnt. Therefore they inquire whether they are to continue the fast, after the temple is rebuilt. See this query answered in the 19th verse of the following chapter.
7:4. And the word of the Lord of hosts came to me, saying:
7:5. Speak to all the people of the land, and to the priests, saying: When you fasted, and mourned in the fifth and the seventh month for these seventy years: did you keep a fast unto me?
7:6. And when you did eat and drink, did you not eat for yourselves, and drink for yourselves?
7:7. Are not these the words which the Lord spoke by the hand of the former prophets, when Jerusalem as yet was inhabited, and was wealthy, both itself and the cities round about it, and there were inhabitants towards the south, and in the plain?
7:8. And the word of the Lord came to Zacharias, saying:
7:9. Thus saith the Lord of hosts, saying: Judge ye true judgment, and shew ye mercy and compassion every man to his brother.
7:10. And oppress not the widow, and the fatherless, and the stranger, and the poor: and let not a man devise evil in his heart against his brother.
7:11. But they would not hearken, and they turned away the shoulder to depart: and they stopped their ears, not to hear.
7:12. And they made their heart as the adamant stone, lest they should hear the law, and the words which the Lord of hosts sent in his spirit by the hand of the former prophets: so a great indignation came from Lord of hosts.
7:13. And it came to pass that as he spoke, and they heard not: so shall they cry, and I will not hear, saith the Lord of hosts.
7:14. And I dispersed them throughout all kingdoms, which they know not: and the land was left desolate behind them, so that no man passed through or returned: and they changed the delightful land into a wilderness.
Zacharias Chapter 8
8:1. And the word of the Lord of hosts came to me, saying:
8:2. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: I have been jealous for Sion with a great jealousy, and with a great indignation have I been jealous for her.
8:3. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: I am returned to Sion, and I will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem: and Jerusalem shall be called The city of truth, and the mountain of the Lord of hosts, The sanctified mountain.
8:4. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: There shall yet old men and old women dwell in the streets of Jerusalem: and every man with his staff in his hand through multitude of days.
8:5. And the streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls, playing in the streets thereo.
8:6. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: If it seem hard in the eyes of the remnant of this people in those days: shall it be hard in my eyes, saith the Lord of hosts?
8:7. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: Behold I will save my people from the land of the east, and from the land of the going down of the sun.
8:8. And I will bring them, and they shall dwell in the midst of Jerusalem: and they shall be my people, and I will be their God in truth and in justice.
8:9. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: Let your hands be strengthened, you that hear in these days these words by the mouth of the prophets, in the day that the house of the Lord of hosts was founded, that the temple might be built.
8:10. For before those days there was no hire for men, neither was there hire for beasts, neither was there peace to him that came in, nor to him that went out, because of the tribulation: and I let all men go every one against his neighbour.
8:11. But now I will not deal with the remnant of this people according to the former days, saith the Lord of hosts.
8:12. But there shall be the seed of peace: the vine shall yield her fruit, and the earth shall give her increase, and the heavens shall give their dew: and I will cause the remnant of this people to possess all these things.
8:13. And it shall come to pass, that as you were a curse among the Gentiles, O house of Juda, and house of Israel: so will I save you, and you shall be a blessing: fear not, let your hands be strengthened.
8:14. For thus saith the Lord of hosts: As I purposed to afflict you, when your fathers had provoked me to wrath, saith the Lord,
8:15. And I had no mercy: so turning again I have thought in these days to do good to the house of Juda, and Jerusalem: fear not.
8:16. These then are the things, which you shall do: Speak ye truth every one to his neighbour; judge ye truth and judgment of peace in your gates.
8:17. And let none of you imagine evil in your hearts against his friend: and love not a false oath: for all these are the things that I hate, saith the Lord.
8:18. And the word of the Lord of hosts came to me, saying:
8:19. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: The fast of the fourth month, and the fast of the fifth, and the fast of the seventh, and the fast of the tenth shall be to the house of Juda, joy, and gladness, and great solemnities: only love ye truth and peace.
The fast of the fourth month, etc... They fasted, on the ninth day of the fourth month, because on that day Nabuchodonosor took Jerusalem, Jer. 52.6. On the tenth day of the fifth month, because on that day the temple was burnt, Jer. 52.12. On the third day of the seventh month, for the murder of Godolias, Jer. 41.2. And on the tenth day of the tenth month, because on that day the Chaldeans began to besiege Jerusalem, 4 Kings 25.1. All these fasts, if they will be obedient for the future, shall be changed, as is here promised, into joyful solemnities.
8:20. Thus saith the Lord of hosts, until people come and dwell in many cities,
8:21. And the inhabitants go one to another, saying: Let us go, and entreat the face of the Lord, and let us seek the Lord of hosts: I also will go.
8:22. And many peoples, and strong nations shall come to seek the Lord of hosts in Jerusalem, and to entreat the face of the Lord.
8:23. Thus saith the Lord of hosts: In those days, wherein ten men of all languages of the Gentiles shall take hold, and shall hold fast the skirt of one that is a Jew, saying: We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you.
Ten men, etc... Many of the Gentiles became proselytes to the Jewish religion before Christ: but many more were converted to Christ by the apostles and other preachers of the Jewish nation.
Zacharias Chapter 9
9:1. The burden of the word of the Lord in the land of Hadrach, and of Damascus the rest thereof: for the eye of man, and of all the tribes of Israel is the Lords.
Hadrach... Syria.
9:2. Emath also in the borders thereof, and Tyre, and Sidon: for they have taken to themselves to be exceeding wise.
9:3. And Tyre hath built herself a strong hold, and heaped together silver as earth, and gold as the mire of the streets.
9:4. Behold the Lord shall possess her, and shall strike her strength in the sea, and she shall be devoured with fire.
9:5. Ascalon shall see, and shall fear, and Gaza, and shall be very sorrowful: and Accaron, because her hope is confounded: and the king shall perish from Gaza, and Ascalon shall not be inhabited.
9:6. And the divider shall sit in Azotus, and I will destroy the pride of the Philistines.
9:7. And I will take away his blood out of his mouth, and his abominations from between his teeth: and even he shall be left to our God, and he shall be as a governor in Juda, and Accaron as a Jebusite.
His blood... It is spoken of the Philistines, and particularly of Azotus, (where the temple of Dagon was,) and contains a prophecy of the conversion of that people from their bloody sacrifices and abominations to the worship of the true God.
9:8. And I will encompass my house with them that serve me in war, going and returning, and the oppressor shall no more pass through them: for now I have seen with my eyes.
That serve me in war... Viz., the Machabees.
9:9. Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Sion, shout for joy, O daughter of Jerusalem: BEHOLD THY KING will come to thee, the just and saviour: he is poor, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt, the foal of an ass.
9:10. And I will destroy the chariot out of Ephraim, and the horse out of Jerusalem, and the bow for war shall be broken: and he shall speak peace to the Gentiles, and his power shall be from sea to sea, and from the rivers even to the end of the earth.
9:11. Thou also by the blood of thy testament hast sent forth thy prisoners out of the pit, wherein is no water.
9:12. Return to the strong hold, ye prisoners of hope, I will render thee double as I declare today.
9:13. Because I have bent Juda for me as a bow, I have filled Ephraim: and I will raise up thy sons, O Sion, above thy sons, O Greece, and I will make thee as the sword of the mighty.
Thy sons, O Sion, etc... Viz., the apostles, who, in the spiritual way, conquered the Greeks, and subdued them to Christ.
9:14. And the Lord God shall be seen over them, and his dart shall go forth as lightning: and the Lord God will sound the trumpet, and go in the whirlwind of the south.
9:15. The Lord of hosts will protect them: and they shall devonr, and subdue with the stones of the sling: and drinking they shall be inebriated as it were with wine, and they shall be filled as bowls, and as the horns of the altar.
9:16. And the Lord their God will save them in that day, as the flock of his people: for holy stones shall be lifted up over his land.
Holy stones... The apostles, who shall be as pillars and monuments in the church.
9:17. For what is the good thing of him, and what is his beautiful thing, but the corn of the elect, and wine springing forth virgins?
The corn, etc... His most excellent gift is the blessed Eucharist, called here The corn, that is, the bread of the elect, and the wine springing forth virgins; that is, maketh virgins to bud, or spring forth, as it were, like flowers among thorns; because it has a wonderful efficacy to give and preserve purity.
Zacharias Chapter 10
10:1. Ask ye of the Lord rain in the latter season, and the Lord will make snows, and will give them showers of rain, to every one grass in the field.
10:2. For the idols have spoken what was unprofitable, and the diviners have seen a lie, and the dreamers have spoken vanity: they comforted in vain: therefore they were led away as a flock: they shall be afflicted, because they have no shepherd.
10:3. My wrath is kindled against the shepherds, and I will visit upon the buck goats: for the Lord of hosts hath visited his flock, the house of Juda, and hath made them as the horse of his glory in the battle.
10:4. Out of him shall come forth the corner, out of him the pin, out of him the bow of battle, out of him ever exacter together.
10:5. And they shall be as mighty men, treading under foot the mire of the ways in battle: and they shall fight, because the Lord is with them, and the riders of horses shall be confounded.
10:6. And I will strengthen the house of Juda, and save the house of Joseph: and I will bring them back again, because I will have mercy on them: and they shall be as they were when I had not cast them off, for I am the Lord their God, and will hear them.
10:7. And they shall be as the valiant men of Ephraim, and their heart shall rejoice as through wine: and their children shall see, and shall rejoice, and their heart shall be joyful in the Lord.
10:8. I will whistle for them, and I will gather them together, because I have redeemed them: and I will multiply them as they were multiplied before.
10:9. And I will sow them among peoples: and from afar they shall remember me: and they shall live with their children, and shall return.
10:10. And I will bring them back out of the land of Egypt, and I will gather them from among the Assyrians: and will bring them to the land of Galaad, and Libanus, and place shall not be found for them.
10:11. And he shall pass over the strait of the sea, and shall strike the waves in the sea, and all the depths of the river shall be confounded, and the pride of Assyria shall be humbled, and the sceptre of Egypt shall depart.
10:12. I will strengthen them in the Lord, and they shall walk in his name, saith the Lord.
Zacharias Chapter 11
11:1. Open thy gates, O Libanus, and let fire devour thy cedars.
O Libanus... So Jerusalem, and more particularly the temple, is called by the prophets, from its height, and from its being built of the cedars of Libanus.-Ibid. Thy cedars... Thy princes and chief men.
11:2. Howl, thou fir tree, for the cedar is fallen, for the mighty are laid waste: howl, ye oaks of Basan, because the fenced forest is cut down.
11:3. The voice of the howling of the shepherds, because their glory is laid waste: the voice of the roaring of the lions, because the pride of the Jordan is spoiled.
11:4. Thus saith the Lord my God: Feed the flock of the slaughter,
11:5. Which they that possessed, slew, and repented not, and they sold them, saying: Blessed be the Lord, we are become rich: and their shepherds spared them not.
11:6. And I will no more spare the inhabitants of the land, saith the Lord: behold I will deliver the men, every one into his neighbours hand, and into the hand of his king: and they shall destroy the land, and I will not deliver it out of their hand.
Every one into his neighbours hand, etc... This alludes to the last siege of Jerusalem, in which the different factions of the Jews destroyed one another; and they that remained fell into the hands of their king, that is, of the Roman emperor, of whom they had said, John 19.15, we have no king but Caesar.
11:7. And I will feed the flock of slaughter for this, O ye poor of the flock. And I took unto me two rods, one I called Beauty, and the other I called a Cord, and I fed the flock.
Two rods... Or shepherds staves, meaning the different ways of Gods dealing with his people; the one, by sweet means, called the rod of Beauty: the other, by bands and punishments, called the Cord. And where both these rods are made of no use or effect by the obstinacy of sinners, the rods are broken, and such sinners are given up to a reprobate sense, as the Jews were.
11:8. And I cut off three shepherds in one month, and my soul was straitened in their regard: for their soul also varied in my regard.
Three shepherds in one month... That is, in a very short time. By these three shepherds probably are meant the latter princes and high priests of the Jews, whose reign was short.
11:9. And I said: I will not feed you: that which dieth, let it die: and that which is cut off, let it be cut off: and let the rest devour every one the flesh of his neighbour.
11:10. And I took my rod that was called Beauty, and I cut it asunder to make void my covenant, which I had made with all people.
11:11. And it was made void in that day: and so the poor of the flock that keep for me, understood that it is the word of the Lord.
11:12. And I said to them: If it be good in your eyes, bring hither my wages: and if not, be quiet. And they weighed for my wages thirty pieces of silver.
11:13. And the Lord said to me: Cast it to the statuary, a handsome price, that I was prized at by them. And I took the thirty pieces of silver, and I cast them into the house of the Lord to the statuary.
The statuary... The Hebrew word signifies also a potter.
11:14. And I cut off my second rod that was called a Cord, that I might break the brotherhood between Juda and Israel.
11:15. And the Lord said to me: Take to thee yet the instruments of a foolish shepherd.
A foolish shepherd... This was to represent the foolish, that is, the wicked princes and priests that should rule the people, before their utter desolation.
11:16. For behold I will raise up a shepherd in the land, who shall not visit what is forsaken, nor seek what is scattered, nor heal what is broken, nor nourish that which standeth, and he shall eat the flesh of the fat ones, and break their hoofs.
11:17. O shepherd, and idol, that forsaketh the flock: the sword upon his arm and upon his right eye: his arm shall quite wither away, and his right eye shall be utterly darkened.
Zacharias Chapter 12
12:1. The burden of the word of the Lord upon Israel. Thus saith the Lord, who stretcheth forth the heavens, and layeth the foundations of the earth, and formeth the spirit of man in him:
12:2. Behold I will make Jerusalem a lintel of surfeiting to all the people round about: and Juda also shall be in the siege against Jerusalem.
A lintel of surfeiting... That is, a door into which they shall seek to enter, to glut themselves with blood; but they shall stumble, and fall like men stupefied with wine. It seems to allude to the times of Antiochus, and to the victories of the Machabees.
12:3. And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will make Jerusalem a burdensome stone to all people: all that shall lift it up shall be rent and torn, and all the kingdoms of the earth shall be gathered together against her.
12:4. In that day, saith the Lord, I will strike every horse with astonishment, and his rider with madness: and I will open my eyes upon the house of Juda, and will strike every horse of the nations with blindness.
12:5. And the governors of Juda shall say in their heart:
Let the inhabitants of Jerusalem be strengthened for me in the Lord of hosts, their God.
12:6. In that day I will make the governors of Juda like a furnace of fire amongst wood, and as a firebrand amongst hay: and they shall devour all the people round about, to the right hand, and to the left: and Jerusalem shall be inhabited again in her own place in Jerusalem.
12:7. And the Lord shall save the tabernacles of Jada, as in the beginning: that the house of David, and the glory of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, may not boast and magnify themselves against Juda.
12:8. In that day shall the Lord protect the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and he that hath offended among them in that day shall be as David: and the house of David, as that of God, as an angel of the Lord in their sight.
12:9. And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem.
12:10. And I will pour out upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace, and of prayers: and they shall look upon me, whom they have pierced: and they shall mourn for him as one mourneth for an only son, and they shall grieve over him, as the manner is to grieve for the death of the firstborn.
12:11. In that day there shall be a great lamentation in Jerusalem like the lamentation of Adadremmon in the plain of Mageddon.
Adadremmon... A place near Mageddon, where the good king Josias was slain, and much lamented by his people.
12:12. And the land shall mourn: families and families apart: the families of the house of David apart, and their women apart:
12:13. The families of the house of Nathan apart, and their women apart: the families of the house of Levi apart, and their women apart: the families of Semei apart, and their women apart.
12:14. All the rest of the families, families and families apart, and their women apart.
Zacharias Chapter 13
13:1. In that day there shall be a fountain open to the house of David, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem: for the washing of the sinner, and of the unclean woman.
13:2. And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord of hosts, that I will destroy the names of idols out of the earth, and they shall be remembered no more: and I will take away the false prophets, and the unclean spirit out of the earth.
13:3. And it shall come to pass, that when any man shall prophesy any more, his father and his mother that brought him into the world, shall say to him: Thou shalt not live: because thou hast spoken a lie in the name of the Lord. And his father, and his mother, his parents, shall thrust him through, when he shall prophesy.
13:4. And it shall come to pass in that day, that the prophets shall be confounded, every one by his own vision, when he shall prophesy, neither shall they be clad with a garment of sackcloth, to deceive:
13:5. But he shall say: I am no prophet, I am a husbandman: for Adam is my example from my youth.
13:6. And they shall say to him: What are these wounds in the midst of thy hands? And he shall say: With these I was wounded in the house of them that loved me. 13:7. Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that cleaveth to me, saith the Lord of hosts: strike the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered: and I will turn my hand to the little ones.
13:8. And there shall be in all the earth, saith the Lord, two parts in it shall be scattered, and shall perish: but the third part shall be left therein.
13:9. And I will bring the third part through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined: and I will try them as gold is tried. They shall call on my name, and I will hear them. I will say: Thou art my people: and they shall say: The Lord is my God.
Zacharias Chapter 14
14:1. Behold the days of the Lord shall come, and thy spoils shall be divided in the midst of thee.
14:2. And I will gather all nations to Jerusalem to battle, and the city shall be taken, and the houses shall be rifled, and the women shall be defiled: and half of the city shall go forth into captivity, and the rest of the people shall not be taken away out of the city.
I will gather, etc... This seems to be a prophecy of what was done by Antiochus.
14:3. Then the Lord shall go forth, and shall fight against those nations, as when he fought in the day of battle.
14:4. And his feet shall stand in that day upon the mount of Olives, which is over against Jerusalem towards the east: and the mount of Olives shall be divided in the midst thereof to the east, and to the west with a very great opening, and half of the mountain shall be separated to the north, and half thereof to the south.
14:5. And you shall flee to the valley of those mountains, for the valley of the mountains shall be joined even to the next, and you shall flee as you fled from the face of the earthquake in the days of Ozias king of Juda: and the Lord my God shall come, and all the saints with him.
14:6. And it shall come to pass in that day, that there shall be no light, but cold and frost.
No light... Viz., in that dismal time of persecution of Antiochus, when it was neither day nor night: (ver. 7) because they neither had the comfortable light of the day, nor the repose of the night.
14:7. And there shall be one day, which is known to the Lord, not day nor night: and in the time of the evening there shall be light:
In the time of the evening there shall be light... An unexpected light shall arise by the means of the Machabees, when things shalll seem to be at the worst.
14:8. And it shall come to pass in that day, that living waters shall go out from Jerusalem: half of them to the east sea, and half of them to the last sea: they shall be in summer and in winter.
Living waters... Viz., the gospel of Christ.
14:9. And the Lord shall be king over all the earth: in that day there shall be one Lord, and his name shall be one.
14:10. And all the land shall return even to the desert, from the hill to Remmon to the south of Jerusalem: and she shall be exalted, and shall dwell in her own place, from the gate of Benjamin even to the place of the former gate, and even to the gate of the corners: and from the tower of Hananeel even to the kings winepresses.
All the land shall return, etc... This, in some measure, was verified by the means of the Machabees: but is rather to be taken in a spiritual sense, as relating to the propagation of the church, and kingdom of Christ, the true Jerusalem, which alone shall never fall under the anathema of destruction, or Gods curse.
14:11. And people shall dwell in it, and there shall be no more an anathema: but Jerusalem shall sit secure.
14:12. And this shall be the plague wherewith the Lord shall strike all nations that have fought against Jerusalem: the flesh of every one shall consume away while they stand upon their feet, and their eyes shall consume away in their holes, and their tongue shall consume away in their mouth.
The flesh of every one shall consume, etc... Such judgments as these have often fallen upon the persecutors of Gods church, as appears by many instances in history.
14:13. In that day there shall be a great tumult from the Lord among them: and a man shall take the hand of his neighbour, and his hand shall be clasped upon his neighbours hand.
14:14. And even Juda shall fight against Jerusalem: and the riches of all nations round about shall be gathered together, gold, and silver, and garments in great abundance.
Even Juda, etc... The carnal Jews, and other false brothers, shall join in persecuting the church.
14:15. And the destruction of the horse, and of the mule, and of the camel, and of the ass, and of all the beasts, that shall be in those tents, shall be like this destruction.
Shall be like this destruction... That is, the beasts shall be destroyed as well as the men: the common soldiers as well as their leaders.
14:16. And all they that shall be left of all nations that came against Jerusalem, shall go up from year to year, to adore the King, the Lord of hosts, and to keep the feast of tabernacles.
They that shall be left, etc... That is, many of them that persecuted the church shall be converted to its faith and communion.-Ibid. To keep the feast of tabernacles... This feast was kept by the Jews in memory of their sojourning forty years in the desert, in their way to the land of promise. And in the spiritual sense is duly kept by all such Christians as in their earthly pilgrimage are continually advancing toward their true home, the heavenly Jerusalem; by the help of the sacraments and sacrifice of the church. And they that neglect this must not look for the kind showers of divine grace, to give fruitfulness to their souls.
14:17. And it shall come to pass, that he that shall not go up of the families of the land to Jerusalem, to adore the King, the Lord of hosts, there shall be no rain upon them.
14:18. And if the family of Egypt go not up nor come: neither shall it be upon them, but there shall be destruction wherewith the Lord will strike all nations that will not go up to keep the feast of tabernacles.
14:19. This shall be the sin of Egypt, and this the sin of all nations, that will not go up to keep the feast of tabernacles.
14:20. In that day that which is upon the bridle of the horse shall be holy to the Lord: and the caldrons in the house of the Lord shall be as the phials before the altar.
That which is upon the bridle, etc... The golden ornaments of the bridles, etc., shall be turned into offerings in the house of God. And there shall be an abundance of caldrons and phials for the sacrifices of the temple; by which is meant, under a figure, the great resort there shall be to the temple, that is, to the church of Christ, and her sacrifice.
14:21. And every caldron in Jerusalem and Juda shall be sanctified to the Lord of hosts: and all that sacrifice shall come, and take of them, and shall seethe in them: and the merchant shall be no more in the house of the Lord of hosts in that day.
The merchant shall be no more, etc... Or, as some render it, The Chanaanite shall be no more, etc., that is, the profane and unbelievers shall have no title to be in the house of the Lord. Or there shall be no occasion for buyers or sellers of oxen, or sheep, or doves, in the house of God, such as Jesus Christ cast out of the temple.
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text:
Some days I crave good old fashioned comfort food! While I love comfort food dishes, I don't love all the extra calories and fat that typically accompanies this type of food. I always do what I can to lighten up the dish and make it a bit more on the healthy side than the original recipe might call for. So, when Smart Balance challenged me to try their blended butter sticks in one of my favorite recipes to see how they performed, I went for it with our favorite Cheesy Home-style Sausage grits recipe.
The usual changes I make to lighten up a dish is to swap out the full fat fat ingredients for lower fat/calorie versions. (Greek yogurt for sour cream or mayo, mashed bananas or avocados for fats in baked goods, evaporated skim milk for cream.)
For this recipe I swapped out regular sausage for turkey sausage, full fat cheese for 2%, full fat milk for 1%, and I switched the regular butter for the Smart Balance Blended Butter Sticks. These substitutions saved 104 calories and 8 grams of fat per serving. (calculated via myfitnesspal recipe calculator.)
The important thing to know about Smart Balance products is that they always been made without hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oils, and are naturally 0g trans fat. They also contain a unique natural blend of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fats designed to help improve the ratio of good HDL cholesterol to bad LDL cholesterol. (and my hubby can certainly stand to improve his ratio of goo to bad cholesterol.) Plus, the Smart Balance Blended Butter Sticks and spreadable Butter & Canola Oil Blend are a 1-1 substitution for butter so you can make the same version of your favorite recipes, without all the saturated fat.
If you are looking for more healthy recipes, Smart Balance has a printable recipe plan with 14 delicious heart healthy meals. You can download it for free here.
- 1 cup precooked Turkey Sausage crumbles
- 2 cups lowfat/skim milk
- 3⁄4 cup Healthy Request condensed cheddar cheese soup
- 4 packets (1 ounce each) instant grits
- 1/8 tsp onion powder
- 1⁄2 cup shredded 2% Mexican blend cheese
- Salt and ground black pepper
- 4 tsp Smart Balance Blended Butter Sticks, cut into tiny pieces
- *optional 1/8 tsp garlic powder (if you like garlic)
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees
- In a large bowl, mix together milk, soup, onion powder and optional garlic.
- Add the grits and stir until smooth.
- Mix in cheese, and sausage.
- Season with salt and pepper.
- Spoon mixture into 6 well greased ramekins and top each with 1 tablespoon of butter pieces. (I only had 4 ramekins and put the rest in a oven proof cereal bowl.)
- Place ramekins on a baking sheet.
- Bake for 15 to 17 minutes or until heated through.
- (If you don't have ramekins, use a 1.5 or 2 quart casserole dish and add about 10 minutes to the baking time- keeping your eye on it towards the end.)
(A couple of recipe notes:
1. Don't fill your ramekins as full as mine. I wasn't thinking… The grits will puff up a tiny bit while cooking and might cause the butter to overflow into the oven.
2. Even though this recipe is "lightened up," it is still very rich will all the sausage, cheese and butter. You could easily lessen the amount of butter and sausage by a quarter of the amount called for and probably not even notice a difference…)
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This is a sponsored post written by me on behalf of Smart Balance.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
OverviewGhorhil Sar is a snow and ice peak close the Pakistan's northern border with Afghanistan. It is a relatively straight forward climb from the south with a more challenging route to the north. The north face has numerous seracs with the only safe route being by way of the col (5100m) immediately east of the summit from where an easy ridge can be climbed to the top. To the best of my knowledge the first ascent was by myself (Lee Harrison) and Peter Thompson in August 2006 and was by way of the East Ridge from the valley to the north. There have been no previous attempts that we know of. The route was soloed in an Alpine style. I have added our route here. I have also added a variant since a more direct route is possible (we used this for a descent route). The peak can be climbed in one day from base camp by those already acclimatised although there are ideal camping spots on the col at 5000m for those who want to break the climb in to two days. From the summit there are awesome views of the unclimbed Kuk Sar II (6925m), one of the most impressive peaks in the Karakoram.
Ghorhill Sar forms part of a small glaciated cirque of peaks immediately east of the the Lupgar Pir Pass in Chapursan. The peak is in a short valley on the south side of the Lupgar Valley close to a grazing spot called Wyeen (warning: there are two Wyeens, one on either side of the pass). This small valley and glacier appears to have no name according to locals we spoke to. Maps also give no name. Ghorhil is the name of the nearest shepherd settlement, which is to the east. "Ghor" means "boulder field" and "hil" means "livestock pen" in the local Brushuski language. Chapursan skirts the border of the Pakistan's Northern Areas with the Wakhan Corridor in Afghanistan being the next valley north. Beyond this is the Tajik Pamir. While geographically the mountain forms part of the Karakoram Range the valleys on her northern side have a strong Central Asia feel providing a sense of transition from one great range to another. Broad grazing areas give way to rock faces which are a kaleidoscope of colours from deep reds through to pale yellows. The base camp is only two days trek from Chapursan's largest village, Raminj.
To the south of Ghorhill Sar is the Yoksugoz ice flow which flows to meet the Batura glacier, the fourth largest glacier in Pakistan. Here is located some of the most spectacular mountain scenery in Pakistan, the Batura Wall on the Southern side of the Batura glacier contains nine prominent peaks over 7000m. The easiest way to climb from the south is via a subsidary glacier that branches right off the Yoksugoz ice flow. No maps provide a name for this glacier as it is relatively small however it is the only right hand branch. Despite this southern approach appearing easier than the north it appears to be unattempted to the best of my knowledge yet would be a good objective for a first trip to the Karakoram. The peak can also be climbed from the Yoksugoz glacier however this route appeared to be steeper.
Traverse to the Col (c.5100m)
The East Ridge
Getting There
North Side
The peak can be reached on the Chapursan side from either Raminj to the east or from Zood Khun to the west. Transport leaves Sost for Chapursan mid-afternoon. Jeeps are also available, the rate to Raminj being Rs1300 one way.
From Raminj
From Raminj to Ghorhil Sar's base camp it is around four stages. I say 'around' because the stage system up Ghorhil Sar's valley is vague since it is not a route taken by trekkers (the valley has no passes at its head). We could also have made a base camp closer to the mountain than we did. Whether it would still have been four stages if we had I cannot say for certain. Porters carry 25kg plus their own equipment. The stage rate has now risen to Rs350 which is the same as in the Batura/Passu region to the south. Rates have been increasing rapidly in the last couple of years. There are good camping spots on route to base camp. Lupgar (Lupgar translates as 'big grazing area') is the best spot and there are huts here for porters to stay. The trek to base camp is fairly strenuous with a gain in altitude of 1200m. The trail is well marked however sections of the trail which cross scree and may be washed away following rain. The trial initially follows a water channel before descending to the river. Be careful of rock fall from above when leaving Raminj by way of the water channel if it is raining! From the river the trail switches to the south side and climbs to the shepherd huts at Harkish. This is a good spot to camp if you have started late in the day. From here it is around six hours to Lupgar crossing the river a couple more times on route. From Lupgar it is about another 3-4 hours to BC depending on where you place it.
From Zood Khun
From Zood Khun it takes two to three days to reach base camp crossing the Lupgar Pir Pass on route. This way is harder and longer. I do not know the exact number of stages to base camp however it will probably be around seven. From Zuda Khun follow the Jeep trail west until you reach the village of Yashkuk, then head south along the right bank of the Wyeen Glacier crossing to the left side as you climb to the pass in the east. The only reason to approach from Zood Khun is to trek over the pass. For those focused on climbing the mountain start from Raminj.
South Side
From the south the peak can be reached in approximately three days from Passu following the north side of the Batura glacier. Passu is on the KKH and therefore easy to reach. The trek along the glacier is along grassy meadows avoiding the usual scree bashing that many approaches involve. The glacier route up the DEF valley is straight forward leading right to the col to around 5000m. Camping spots are plentiful on route. I am not sure of the stages asked to visit this valley from Passu unfortunately.
Travel to the Northern Areas
Islamabad is the nearest international airport with flights arriving from around the world. Gilgit is the largest town in the Northern Areas served by regular transport from the north and south.
Domestic flights
PIA fly daily between Islamabad and Gilgit tickets can either be booked via their ticket offices or via their website. One-way fairs are currently Rs1590 with little discount for return trips. During bad weather planes may be grounded at short notice. Availablity is also a big problem. There are also daily flights to Skardu which operate a higher percentage of the time.
Buses run daily between Rawalpindi's Pir Wadhai bus station and Gilgit, and vice versa. Buses leave throughout the afternoon and arrive mid-morning next day. Book tickets in advance if poosible to avoid a bone jarring, sleepless ride on the back seat. Travel along the KKH is anything but predictable and landslides, mudslides, rock fall and even avalanches can sever it for hours, days or weeks at a time. Due to Tribal tensions in the Kohistan buses were travelling in convoy for a significant stretch of the journey further lengthening an already long journey. NATCO and Masherbrum both run buses daily with a limited number of seats available at student discount.
The Northern Areas can also be reached from China with the trip from Kashgar to Sost taking 2 nights with an overnight stop in Tashkurgan. Hi-Ace vans ply the route between Sost and Gilgit throughout the day leaving as soon as they are full. There is now a direct bus between Tashkurgan and Gilgit, however, if travelling from China, it is better to buy a ticket to Sost only then take local transport to Gilgit as the international bus sits in the customs yard at Sost for a couple of hours while luggage is checked before continuing to Gilgit.
Red Tape
No permit is required to climb the mountain as it is under 6500m (see table below). The peak is not in a restricted area and no permit is required to visit Shimshal. Consequently there is no need to be accompanied by a guide unless so desired. A liaison officer is also not required. For higher peaks the following royalties are payable. Current royalties are 10% normal for the Gilgit region (excluding Spantik) which includes Chapursan. No Chapursan peaks require a liaison officer.
|Normal Fee
|Fee for 2009
|Expedition royalty
|Additional royalty per person
|Expedition royalty
|Additional royalty per person
|7501 - 8000m
|7001 - 7500m
|6501 - 7000m
|Up to 6500m
|No fee
|No fee
Royalties per expedition are based on a party of 7. Persons additional to this number will be subject to an additional royalty fee.
A valid visa is required. Visas are NOT issued at the airport and must be obtained prior to arrival. Some embassies such as those in Central Asia are reluctant to issue visas and advise you to obtain them from your home country. A single-entry tourist visa is valid for 3 months from the date of arrival in pakistan and for 6 months from the date of issue. Some visas are only valid for 3 months from the date of issue so check if necessary when applying. Visa prices vary. Americans pay the most for their visa whilst Japanese get theirs free! Visa extensions and reentry stamps used to almost impossible to obtain however the process has become remarkably easier in the last few years. Gilgit DC is a good place to try.
Climbing ConditionsFor many people visiting Pakistan's Northern Areas for the first time the warm summer's take time to adjust to. In Gilgit time temperatures regularly stay in their 30s during the summer and whilst it is cooler in the mountains it can still be uncomfortable at times. On days where there are no clouds a single layer will surfice and measures need to be taken to prevent sun burn. Weather can change quickly with fresh snow falling at any time in the year or heavy rains at lower altitudes. Come prepared for a range of climates.
Nights are generally warmer during the climbing season compared to destinations such as the Pamir, Tien Shan or Napalese Himalaya and an early start when climbing is usually imperative to avoid soft snow in the afternoon.
Surrounding Peaks from Summit
Camping and Accomodation
There is no accomodation in Ramin however there is an excellent homestay guesthouse in Zood Khun known as the Pamir Serai run by the friendly Alam Jan Dario. Accomodation is plentiful in Sost and Passu.
Lupgar and Harkish are excellent camps on route base camp when trekking from Raminj.
We made BC in a small ablation valley east of the glacier to the north of Ghorhill Sar. It meant making a further bivi at the start of the route but we preferred to be off the glacier for comfort. It is perfectly feasible to set a base camp up at the start of the described routes.
Camping Fuel
Kerosene is widely available in bazaars and can often be found in smallers villages. Pakistani kerosene burns sootily so be prepared to clean your multi-fuel stove regularly. White gas is not available and denatured alcohol is available only in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
Gas stove cannisters are sold in the outdoor shops on Gilgit's main high street. They are often refilled so don't expect the usual butane/propane mix. They are generally available in sufficient number for a medium sized expedition.
Food Provision
There is no need to bring food supplies from your home country as sufficient provisions can be found in Gilgit and Aliabad. Grocer shops sell staples such as pasta, dal, rice and porridge. Fresh fruit is of poor quality in Gilgit and likely to turn to mush in your rucksack before even reaching base camp. Dried apricots and mulberries and readily available and make for a good snack. The selection is Sost is comparitively poor. It is just about possible to buy enough food in Passu although this this be a last option.
External LinksMatthieu Paley has produced an excellent brochure on Chapursan for Pakistan's Ministry of Tourism. It is available online here.
There are also some excellent photos of Chapursan and Pakistan's Northern Areas on Matthieu's own website here.


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Hello. I have noticed a serious degrade in performance of postgresql server under windows if you use the computer at the same time. Performance is fine if the server is stand alone, but if i run client software on the same computer performance seems to drop significantly.
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Tallmadge -- Sections of North Avenue will experience a face lift of sorts -- in the near future and over the next few years -- starting with improving the intersection near the Summit County Fairgrounds this spring.
Late this summer or early fall, North Avenue from near Howe Road north to near Northmoreland Avenue in Munroe Falls will be resurfaced, and in 2016 another stretch of North Avenue will be replaced, along with curbs, storm drains, sidewalks and landscaping.
Other improvements include replacing traffic signals at the intersection of North Avenue and Overdale Drive.
The total price tag for all of the work is about $5.7 million, according to Pat Sauner, Tallmadge's community development director.
The city is able to move forward on the projects because of funding from the Ohio Department of Transportation, according to city officials.
New turn lane, resurfacing
The first project involves adding a center turn lane to the intersection of the entrances/exits of the fairgrounds and the Fox Ridge subdivision and resurfacing a section of North Avenue.
The intersection has two lanes for northbound and two for southbound traffic with no turn lane.
"That's a difficult turning movement there, when there's activities at the fairgrounds, for that allotment," Sauner said, noting that traffic tends to back up. "It will be an improvement to that intersection and will help everybody out up there."
Workers from the city's street department will create the turn lane, and when the rest of that section of North Avenue is paved during the late summer or early fall, the intersection will be, too.
The cost of creating the intersection, less the paving costs that are including in the larger resurfacing project for this section of the road, has yet to be determined. Funds from the city's street paving and storm water management funds will be used because some drainage work will be completed as part of the project.
The work will begin in March or April and last for about three weeks.
As soon as the first week of August, construction crews will resurface a .75-mile stretch of North Avenue from 300 feet south of Howe Road north to 400 feet south of Northmoreland Avenue.
The total cost for the project is $145,089. ODOT is paying for 80 percent, or $109,790, and Tallmadge is paying for $35,299 from the general fund. Because a small portion of the west side of the road is in Munroe Falls, the city will reimburse Tallmadge for $9,606 of the costs.
The work will smooth out the bumpy, estimated 1-mile stretch of the road.
The construction will last for no longer than a week.
Although lanes will be restricted, the road will remain open, and flaggers will direct traffic, Sauner said.
North Avenue replacement
The second project is much more substantial than the North Avenue resurfacing. Estimated at $5.5 million, it consists of several combined projects, including one that seeks to replace the .65-mile section of North Avenue from the Circle north to Garwood Drive and upgrade the corresponding storm drainage system, curbs and sidewalks.
It also calls for improving the intersection at North Avenue and Overdale Drive by replacing the traffic lights and further examining the intersection to determine if additional upgrades are necessary. Widening the sidewalks and adding landscaping on both sides of the street along the length of the project area are intending to make the area more pedestrian-friendly.
The city is responsible for paying for all of the engineering and design costs for the total road replacement portion, which is expected to be about $419,000.
ODOT will pay for 80 percent of the rest of the costs, or about $4.1 million, and the city will pay the balance of $1.4 million from its general fund.
Sauner said this section of North Avenue needs to be replaced because of its condition and the way rainwater flows into the storm drainage system.
He said because the sidewalks are lower than the road and the front yards in the area, rainwater comes off the road and runs down the sidewalks into storm drains near the Circle. Although no yards are flooding, and the water eventually gets to the drains, Sauner said the drainage system needs to be redone so that the water flows into the drains on the street and never reaches the sidewalks.
He said it makes sense to redo the storm drainage system at the same time as replacing the road. The project is in the engineering and design phase, and the construction phase is scheduled to begin and end sometime in 2016.
"This is a needed project. It's one of the last sections around the Circle that we've improved. It should be nice," Sauner said.
Additional road work
After the weather breaks in the spring, city workers will evaluate all the roads throughout the city and create a plan for repairs and repaving.
Nearly $400,000 is included in this year's budget for general road resurfacing, according to Mayor Dave Kline.
Email: email@example.com
Phone: 330-541-9428


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Wellington – Conservationists have criticised players from New Zealand's Canterbury Crusaders Super 15 team for killing wildlife, including a zebra, while touring in South Africa, then posing in photographs with the 'trophy' carcasses.
South African conservation group The Landmark Foundation posted pictures on Facebook showing five Crusaders players with the animals, alongside the caption: "Here are the Crusaders rugby players killing wildlife for laughs on a recent visit to South Africa."
The players include All Black lock Sam Whitelock and inside back Tom Taylor, who has blood smeared on his face in one shot as he holds a rifle in one hand and the horn of a dead blesbok antelope in the other.
Foundation director Bool Smuts said the animals were most likely killed on a private game farm.
"This was not hunting for the pot, this was hunting for the joy of killing the animal," he told the New Zealand Herald.
"We accept it was legal... the question we are asking is to what value is it for conservation and is it an ethical practice?"
Whitelock told New Zealand broadcaster TV3 that meat from the dead zebra was given to local farm workers for food.
"I didn't eat it but the people on the farm did," he said. "It's something that I've been brought up with my whole life. I've always made sure that we eat the things that we've hunted."
Crusaders chief executive Hamish Riach said the players were doing nothing illegal and they had been singled out by anti-trophy hunting activists who were using them to promote their agenda.
"They're grown men, they were in their own time and they were partaking in a very legal activity," he told TV3.
"They weren't poaching, they weren't endangered species, they didn't have an illegal guide. It was all very, very appropriate and done within the context of the legal industry in South Africa."
He said the Crusaders would not ban hunting on future trips to South Africa. – Sapa-AFP


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Saturday, May 24, 2014 | 6:19 p.m.
Fatal shooting
A man was found dead from gunshot wounds this morning on the sidewalk near downtown Las Vegas.
Metro Police responded just before 4 a.m. to reports of a body on the sidewalk of the 700 block of West Mesquite Avenue, near Main Street and Ogden Avenue. Homicide detectives determined that the man had been shot multiple times, police said.
The motive and suspects are unknown, police said.
Police urge anyone with information regarding the shooting to call Metro Homicide at 702-828-3521, or to remain anonymous, call Crime Stoppers by phone at 702-385-5555, or visit www.crimestoppersofnv.com.


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