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There are multiple ways a Registered Nurse can continue their education, and one of the most popular is the Master of Science in Nursing degree, or MSN. Nurses interested in managing a nursing staff, or working in Nursing Administration seek out an MSN program to help their candidacy.
Because so many nurses are continuing their education to the graduate degree level, universities and colleges created a Bridge, or Transitional program that helps them achieve their goals. Enter the RN to MSN program. An RN to MSN program allows current Nurses with an RN License to begin taking classes to earn their Master of Science in Nursing. A sample MSN course list is listed below for an idea of what types of courses you would take.
Here are the top considerations to keep in mind when looking at a Master of Science in Nursing Program in 2017:
- A RN license is required for all RN to MSN programs. To get your Registered Nurse license, you need to pass the NCLEX-RN exam. For some MSN programs, a Bachelor of Science in Nursing is also required (view RN to BSN programs here.)
- Many RN to MSN programs allow you to choose a specialty track. There are quite a few to choose from. Generally,nurses choose a path of APRN (Advanced Practice Nurse Practitioner) or MSN with a specialty. View the full list of MSN program specialties. Some of the more popular ones include Nursing Administration, Nursing Education, and Nursing Informatics.
- Many RN to MSN programs are available online. This allows currently employed RNs to keep working while earning their degree. View featured online RN to MSN programs accepting applicants.
- CCNE or ACEN accredited MSN programs. There are two accreditation boards that certify nursing programs. Both are the most highly regarded nursing accreditation at the program level that an MSN program can have. CCNE, or the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education, assembles multiple task forces to ensure standards in nursing. The ACEN, is the Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing. Both the CCNE and ACEN work to build a common core of nursing standards and criteria for the accreditation of all nursing education programs.
Sacred Heart University
Online | No GRE Required
No Residency
(CCNE Accredited)
4 Concentrations: Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL), Nursing Education, Nursing Management and Executive Leadership, Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP)
Benedictine University
Online | No Residency
(CCNE Accredited)
Concentrations in Nurse executive leader and nurse educator
Simmons College
Why the RN to MSN?
If you are an RN with an Associates Degree in Nursing or diploma and want to go to graduate school, an RN to Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) may be a good fit. The major sticking point for most Admissions staff at nursing schools is that you have a Registered Nurse license. This is a must for basically all RN to MSN programs.
According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), these programs are increasing rapidly because of demand. There are currently hundreds of programs in the United States with at least another 30 in development.
Admission to an RN to MSN program can be highly competitive. You need a current RN license and it helps to have a good GPA from your previous undergraduate training program. You may need to take prerequisite classes in such subjects as English, history, or math before applying. Some programs want a pre-screening interview, an essay or personal statement, and letters of recommendation. Having a few years of nursing experience under your belt is a plus.
RN to MSN Bridge Program Format
Depending upon which classes you've already taken before admission, a program may take three years or more to complete. At the beginning of your program you will complete the necessary bachelor's degree content before moving on to the graduate core classes in subjects such as informatics, research, leadership, and nursing theory. You earn your remaining credits by taking electives that pertain to your specialty. Many programs offer part-time, evening, or weekend schedules and an online or hybrid format.
Master of Science in Nursing Tracks
Along with your MSN at graduation, many programs also confer a BSN. You will be prepared to move on to your chosen specialty track. There are a lot available, and it all depends on what path you want your career to take. Some choose to work within a clinical environment, while others prefer to teach other aspiring nurses or want to work within administration or business.
Below is a breakdown of the common MSN specialties and the common Advanced Practice Nurse Practitioner specialties (APRN).
APRN Specialties
- Nurse Practitioner Programs
- Family Nurse Practitioner Programs
- Women's Health Nurse Practitioner Programs
- Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Programs
- Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Programs
- Adult Gerontology Nurse Practitioner Programs
- PMHNP Nurse Practitioner Programs
- Certified Nurse Midwife Programs
- Certified Nurse Anesthetist Programs
- The Online RN to MSN program at the University of Texas - Arlington is an accelerated program allows you to earn your MSN in less time—and save more money—than if you complete the RN to BSN and MSN programs separately.
- Simmons College - [email protected]' online RN to MSN program has a rigorous curriculum that helps prepare students to pass the FNP board certification exam on their first attempt and to become recognized as clinical experts, scholars, and leaders in their field.
Advancing from a MSN to a DNP Degree
With your MSN you can also advance to one of the highest degrees in nursing — a Doctor of Nursing Practice degree. There are also Ph.D. in nursing degrees (fewer than DNP), and these are usually programs designed for academics interested in research.
Below are a few featured online RN to MSN programs that are currently accepting applicants. These universities have entirely online RN to MSN programs and they are all accredited. Simply click on their listing or the More Info button to get more information from their admissions department.
+ Jump to Online RN to MSN Programs Currently Accepting Applicants
RN to MSN Online Programs
One of the top growing advanced nursing degrees is the RN to MSN online, or a specialty within the Master's of Nursing degree. RN to MSN programs that can be completed completely online is convenient for nurses currently working in the field.
Online MSN programs provide online instruction which is just as thorough as traditional courses. The format of an Online RN to MSN program can include informative discussions, individual projects, and group analysis.
Some online programs have even bypassed in person learning in quality of education.
+ Jump to Online RN to MSN Programs Currently Accepting Applicants
What is an Online RN to MSN Degree?
To put it simply, an online RN to MSN degree program is designed for students to reach the top levels in the nursing profession without putting their current careers on hold. With the growth of online learning, and the innovations in technology, schools across the nation are helping students gain the proficiency they need to give patients better care, and assist physicians in their roles.
When you earn your Masters in Nursing online, you can qualify for several types of leadership and management positions, including chief nursing officer, nurse specialist, clinical research consultant, program director, and several others. You can also apply to work in a variety of healthcare environments, such as hospitals, community health centers, physical therapy, private practices, home-based care services, and retirement homes. You can also have the option to work as a nurse educator, sharing your knowledge and skills with the next generation of practitioners.
HELPFUL TIP: Ask your current employer if they offer tuition assistance or other help to inspire you to earn your RN to MSN. Many employers offer assistance, especially for existing nurses, but they may not advertise it well to employees.
If you are considering taking the next step in nursing, think about your long-term goals in the profession. Earning your RN to MSN degree online can give you a continuous path towards a graduate level education without the hiccups that can come with starting and stopping your education. Plus, there are hundreds of online programs to choose from that let you take 100% of your coursework online, with the ability to complete capstone or internship requirements in your current healthcare role. This will let you apply your learning in conjunction with your educational experience. Plus, many healthcare employers want the most knowledgeable and skilled workers to assist physicians. With your master's level education, you can show your employer that you are serious about moving ahead in the field. Some healthcare environments create incentives for nurses to move up in their education. Ask your current employer if they offer tuition assistance or other help to inspire you to earn your MSN.
When you compare programs, be sure to look for options that are accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). This accrediting body is officially recognized by the US Secretary of Education as the organization that identifies programs that are effective in educating nurses for work, according to laws, regulations, and expectations for high quality care. When you speak with each school, ask them about CCNE accreditation for their online programs. With the high quality of online education offered by top colleges and universities, you should have several options to consider when choosing a program.
How Long Does an Online RN to MSN Degree Take?
The length of time it takes to complete an RN to MSN degree program depends on several factors. First of all, many online schools offer accelerated programs that can get you on track towards degree completion in less than three years – which is the typical time-frame for finishing your MSN from start to finish. Most programs are designed for students who already have their associate's in the field.
This type of program give students the chance to move through their degree completion without taking a break or switching schools, which can save time and cost of tuition. In some programs, students can save time because graduate level courses are integrated into the bachelor's curriculum, which results in less classes that have to be taken at the master's level. Some programs can help you earn your master's in as little as two years.
Who is the RN to MSN Online Degree for?
The RN to MSN degree is well suited for students who have clear goals in the field of nursing. This is because many programs offer students specific tracks of emphasis in a variety of areas related to their interests and goals in the field. For instance, tracks and concentrations can include clinical nurse leader. nurse educator, health systems leadership, nursing management, and others.
The MSN program is especially suited for students who want to become leaders or educators in their healthcare facility. Through a nursing education track, you can share your expertise in nursing with budding professionals. A health systems leadership track helps you understand how to integrate business skills, organizational behavior, quality assurance, law, and the principles of nursing into your leadership role.
Students who want to help shape healthcare policy and and perform research-based roles can benefit from earning their master's degree as well. The courses offered at the graduate level often help students understand the writing and methods that are required for making positive change and improvements on old methods and ways of applying patient care.
If you are unsure what specific trajectory you want your nursing career to take, that's okay too. That's why it is important to talk with several schools about where your career is now, and where it may go with the learning outcomes attached to their RN to MSN program and tracks.
Students who aren't sure whether to pursue online or campus programs should strongly consider the online approach. Since so many campus-based programs integrate online learning into their courses, the lines are blurring, and the quality of education is identical. Most top-ranked universities and employers understand the world is changing and technology has taken over the classroom. When you speak with schools, ask what employers hire their online graduates, and if they notice a difference in the hiring rates for online vs. campus graduates.
Sample Top 5 Classes for an RN to MSN Program Online
- Advanced Pharmacology. When working with patients from all age groups and populations, you will need to understand how to help prescribe appropriate doses of medication. This course will help you understand pharmacology principles so you can help physicians who prescribe medicine to patients. After completing this course you should be able to understand the most commonly prescribed drugs and the differences between the drug classes. You should also understand the laws that govern and regulate drugs when doctors have to write prescriptions, and understand how treatment decisions are made in regards to drugs prescribed.
- Evidence-based Practice. This course is typically a mix of lectures, research and practice to understand how evidence based techniques improve patient care. You can learn how to search for evidence to back up your patient services, as well as how to integrate evidence into decision-making and how to measure patient outcomes. Students also study current trends in evidence-based decision-making and how to apply techniques in a variety of settings.
- Nurse Education. For students who want to teach nursing, this course will help you take your knowledge and skills to the front of the classroom so you can teach others effectively. This course will give you education skills that help you teach nurses who have different learning styles. This course can also teach you how to design curriculum and use current research to improve existing curriculum.
- Health Care Safety and Management. In order to help run healthcare facilities, you have to have knowledge of proper safety procedures as well as management skills to lead teams of nurses and ensure they are follow quality assurance protocols. This course may cover day-to-day operations, patient care, and information technology management.
- Contemporary Healthcare Environments. This type of course will help you understand the scope of legal and ethical principles you need to understand to be effective in high level nursing roles. You may research and learn about the ethical delivery of care to various populations, and relevant issues that impact policy in a variety of organizations. You may also learn strategies for developing and influencing policies in regards to how healthcare is delivered.
Jump to a more comprehensive list of RN to MSN courses
Why Consider a Master's Degree in Nursing?
A great education is an important consideration for most individuals. An advanced nursing degree can provide for a better paying career and a better lifestyle overall. There are more educational opportunities coming available, making it easier for most people to get into college. Better financial aid, easier processing, and more employer assistance makes the college process even more simple for those wanting to pursue a degree program. With this availability, the importance of having a degree will grow beyond the scope of what can be seen now.
In the near future, graduate degrees may be the best option for those wanting to set themselves apart from the rest of the crowd. In most fields, a higher degree can ensure a higher position and more promotional opportunities in the future. As one of the most rapidly growing fields, healthcare is one that is home to a large number of college graduates. More people choose this field as their degree choice due to the large numbers of career opportunities and widespread availability.
Nursing schools, employers, students, and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) are taking notice that more steps need to be taken to not only increase the number of nurses that have a Master's of Science in Nursing degree, but to create industry-wide standards (called The Essentials of Master's Education in Nursing – source, PDF) to ensure those nurses are the most educated across all of the specific disciplines that they can put into practice, across eveidence-based practice, quality improvement, how to measure different outcomes, knowledge of healthcare systems and industry, and administration, leadership, and management skills.
According to the AACN:
Nursing schools affiliated with the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) voted at the Spring Annual Meeting to endorse The Essentials of Master's Education in Nursing, a set of national standards for preparing nurses to have a high impact in the healthcare environment. These Master's Essentials, an update to an earlier version adopted in 1996, reflect current and future nursing practice at the master's level, which demands expert application of evidence-based practices, quality improvement methods, outcomes measurement, systems knowledge, and leadership skills.
What does that mean for someone looking at an RN to MSN program?
As noted, nursing schools and the AACN are taking notice and putting a heavy emphasis on exactly what graduate-level educated nurses with an MSN degree are learning and studying. This provides transparency to healthcare employers – meaning, they know what they will be getting with any nurse that has their Master's in Nursing degree.
The medical and healthcare fields are a forever-changing field that requires its professionals to be the very best, so that patients are given on the most reliable care. At the center of this rapidly growing field, nurses are the most densely populated portion of the field, assisting physicians and provide patients with the care they deserve.
What Courses Can You Expect in a MSN Program?
There are quite a few graduate-level courses you can expect to take. Remember, these are graduate classes – they will be challenging, but that is the point. The Essentials of Master's Education in Nursing details the specific skillset and knowledge base you should have a Master's level graduate, regardless of focus, track, or major. Below are the specific foundational areas of study outlined by the document:
|Foundational Area of Study
|Essential Area Summary and Description
Sciences and Humanities
|MSN graduates integrate scientific findings from nursing, biopsychosocial fields, genetics, public health, quality improvement, and organizational sciences for the improvement of health and nursing care across many settings.
Organizational and Systems Leadership
|Asserts that MSN graduates understand that organizational and systems leadership are critical to promoting high quality (and safe) care for patients, and that leaderships skills are necessary for ethical and critical decision making and effective relationships and systems.
Quality Improvement and Safety
|Master's prepared nurses need to be able to articulate methods, tools, performance measures and standards for quality, and apply the principles to a healthcare organization.
Translating and Integrating Scholarship into Practice
|Recognizes that the master's-prepared nurse applies research outcomes within the practice setting, resolves practice problems, works as a change agent, and disseminates results.
Informatics and Healthcare Technologies
|Recognizes that the master's-prepared nurse uses patient-care technologies to deliver and enhance care and uses communication technologies to integrate and coordinate care
Health Policy and Advocacy
|Recognizes that the master's-prepared nurse is able to intervene at the system level through the policy development process and to employ advocacy strategies to influence health and health care.
Interprofessional Collaboration for Improving Outcomes
|Recognizes that the master's-prepared nurse, as a member and leader of interprofessional teams, communicates, collaborates, and consults with other health professionals to manage and coordinate care.
Clinical Prevention and Population Health
|Recognizes that the master's-prepared nurse applies and integrates broad, organizational, client-centered, and culturally appropriate concepts in the planning, delivery, management, and evaluation of evidence-based clinical prevention and population care and services to individuals, families, and aggregates/identified populations.
Master's-Level Nursing Practice
|Recognizes that nursing practice, at the master's level, is broadly defined as any form of nursing intervention that influences healthcare outcomes for individuals, populations, or systems. Master's-level nursing graduates must have an advanced level of understanding of nursing and relevant sciences as well as the ability to integrate this knowledge into practice.
RN to MSN Programs by State
MA to NJ
New Hampshire
New Jersey
NM to SC
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Rhode Island
South Carolina
+ Jump to Online RN to MSN Programs Currently Accepting Applicants
Why Nurses Get Their Master's in Nursing
Located in the busy halls of local hospitals, nurses are constantly working hard to ensure that each patient is given the best care possible. For centuries, nurses have been the main source of care for patients suffering from sickness, disease, or even injuries. Nurses are the first face seen when entering into a medical facility and provide an irreplaceable helping hand to physicians. A great nurse is an asset to any medical facility.
It takes a strong-willed and dedicated individual to be a successful addition to the medical field. As a nurse currently working in the field, the need to stand-out is higher now than ever. Since nursing has grown to one of the most popular degree programs in the country, more nurses are looking for jobs after graduation. The job market experiences constant change, with jobs quickly being filled and new jobs opening.
For those nurses already working in the field, the need for advancement in their career may become an overwhelming desire. Working hard is not always the solution to getting better results from a career choice. In the midst of a busy work schedule, more nurses are finding it beneficial to get back into a higher degree program to truly get the most out of their career.
+ Jump to Online RN to MSN Programs Currently Accepting Applicants
The Career Path of a Nurse is Evolving
Over the years, the nursing field has changed drastically. A lot of experienced nurses in the field are working at the associate's degree level. These programs consisted of two vigorous years of education, including basic nursing principles and hands on application. Licensing requirements were a lot different years ago than they are more recently. It has only been within the last decade that different states determined that nurses should engage in further education before being considered for licensure.
Most states require that nurses have a bachelor's degree at the very least before being released to work as a registered nurse. A bachelor's program is useful for nurses seeking the minimum licensure requirements. However, this level of degree cannot guarantee a nurse the prestige that is needed to move up the ladder in the field of nursing. It can sometimes be difficult to move up in a position without years of experience or an even higher nursing degree.
Opportunity to Stand Out with an MSN
Master's degrees in Nursing can be exactly what nurses need to stand out among others. A master's degree is only a couple of years shy of a doctoral degree, but provides significantly more to those that carry them in comparison to bachelor's degrees. Most nurses stop at the bachelor's level, making master's degree holders rare and desired by employers wanting only the very best employees.
RN to MSN programs provide current registered nurses with the opportunity to not only advance their career beyond what they could have imagined, but also provide vast information about the field of nursing at an even more advanced depth. While enrolled in an RN to MSN program, students will take courses that broaden their ability to manage patients as well as staff. Courses such as Evidence-Based Practice and Quality Improvement give master's level learners the knowledge of personnel and how to handle delicate situations. These courses go beyond the original scope of nursing to nurture a more qualified nurse management professional.
Multiple Specialties Available
Regardless of which field is chosen, a higher degree in nursing can provide for more promotional opportunity and better wages in comparison to lower degree programs. The importance of higher degrees has grown in recent years, with the changing requirements for nursing licensure. More people are graduating at the bachelor's level, lowering the prestige of this level of degree program.
In order to really get the most out of a higher degree program, nurses need to invest in a degree that will allow them to stand-out in comparison to their peers. A bachelor's degree only gives nurses the minimum requirement for their career. A master's degree can provide a foundation for a progressive career from day one. The information gained in master's level programs will provide for experienced and highly educated nurses that are qualified for any position throughout the field. Most nurses at this level are hired in higher positions, overseeing a staff of nurses or working with doctors directly to determine the most effective treatment program for patients in need of care.
Typical Curriculum for a Campus Based RN to MSN Program
RN to MSN programs typically require 87 credit hours at a minimum. These hours include an array of undergraduate courses in nursing science as well as communication. Graduate course requirements are also included.
Some RN to MSN programs can take three to four years and requires students to take part in reflective practice and practice experience. This program integrates both the completion of a bachelor's level degree as well as a master's level degree. It not only saves time, but also saves money by combining the two programs in a way that flows well for busy students.
What You Should Learn During Your RN to MSN Degree Pursuit
In the RN to MSN program, students are given extensive knowledge into the personal attributes of different patients. Cultural differences and communication styles are a very important aspect of the field of nursing. Each patient is different and may require a different method of personal treatment. It is vital that nurses have the knowledge to correctly treat each patient that enters a facility.
Higher level nurses are given the skills necessary to effectively communicate with individuals from diverse backgrounds and cultures, making them an irreplaceable asset to their respective facilities. They are also educated in the importance of leadership and how to project an effective leadership style. In such a busy atmosphere, a productive leader sets the stage for how well a staff of nurses will perform. These skills go well beyond what the average nurse will learn in a bachelor's degree program, which is why those carrying graduate degrees will be more likely accepted in management positions in hospitals and private practices.
As a master's level nurse, individuals can get even more involved in patient care and employee development. Master's level degree holders can access patient records and even recommend treatment programs. They are an asset to the companies in which they work, providing expert advice to lower level nurses and even patients. Some nurses decide to go into research fields, which is a very in-depth field that requires experience and dedication.
The research field contributes greatly to the field of nursing, making more effective treatment choices and providing more techniques for current nurses to use within the field. Managing nurses are typically master's degree holders and are in charge of lower level nurses. These individuals are given a large amount of responsibility within their position and are required to oversee the practices within their field of view. This job is what a lot of nurses strive to achieve and it can easily be obtained with a higher degree. When employers seek to fill a higher level position, it is necessary that an applicant not only have the work experience required, but also a degree that reflects his or her profound knowledge of the field of nursing.
5 Nursing Organizations You Should Know
American Association of Colleges of Nursing. This organization is important in the field of nursing because they are the "national voice for baccalaureate and graduate nursing education", according to their website. They help create and influence current standards in the practice of nursing, and help schools implement effective curriculum at the undergrad and graduate level. They also perform research and data services for schools to provide insightful statistics relevant to nursing education.
Foundation of the National Student Nurses Association. This can be a resource if you want to find help with tuition for nursing school This foundation was created in 1969 to help with charitable and education causes in the field of nursing. They award scholarships to nursing students who are seeking careers in all areas of the practice.
American Psychiatric Nurses Association. This is the largest organization dedicated to helping those who focus on psychiatric mental health based nursing practice. Their goal is to help members advance in their careers through education programs, scholarships and other helpful resources. Even if you are not focused on psychiatric nursing, this can be a good organization to learn about for networking purposes.
Emergency Nurses Association. Working in emergency services is a big part of nursing, which explains the need for this great organization. They help practitioners share resources to improve the quality of emergency care in all respects of nursing. Today, the ENA has over 40K members and plays an influential role in shaping policy and advocating for the nursing profession.
American Nurses Association. If you are entering the field of nursing, this may be the first organization you check out to further you career and network with like-minded professionals. Their website can give you a wealth of information about the practice of nursing, as well as career resources that can help you in your current role. They have several benefits for members, including yearly conferences where you can meet others who have dedicated their lives to healing others.
There are many considerations and options for you if you are considering earning your RN to MSN degree. Be sure to compare plenty of online programs and learn more about the organizations designed to help nurses be successful in the field. With the right education and approach to networking, you can set yourself up for long-term success in the field.
Salary and Career Opportunities for Nurses with an MSN Degree
As a means of financial stability, obtaining a master's degree in this field is a providing choice. As part of the medical field, most assume that nurses make high wages due to their correlation to doctors and other specialists. In the past, nursing was one of the highest paying positions at only an associate's degree and continues to hold a similar reputation even with the standards changing to a minimum bachelor's level requirement.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, nurses with higher degrees can earn anywhere from $71,000 to over $100,000 per year. These wages are outstanding for a career in the nursing field, with most individuals having a salary between the two figures. Depending on the chosen area for working, nurses will find that some areas are more providing than others. In western states such as California and Arizona, the demand for nursing is continuously high.
The turnover rates in these areas are high, providing new job openings on a regular basis. The need for qualified professionals at a higher degree level remains high, since most graduates are only at an undergraduate level.
Areas of Opportunity
For those in the eastern United States, states such as Pennsylvania and Florida are looking for qualified master's degree holders to fill their positions. These areas also present a strong need for professionals, with demand relatively higher than the overall supply. Factors such as population growth and the growing elderly population contribute to a growth in demand for nurses. The BLS reports and projected growth in the demand for nurses through the year 2020.
Where You Can Work as an MSN Graduate
Master's level nurses are a source of information, relevant health advice, and achievement within a hospital. These nurses can work in all fields of nursing, including specialties such as sports medicine, schools, or private practices. Having a highly educated nurse on staffs communicates expert care to patients needing direct assistance. The ability to communicate effectively with a number of diverse groups means that nurses of this degree can spread their expertise into community health practices and even research theories. There is truly no end to the potential for nurses that go forward with a master's degree.
The nursing field has been one of the most popular career choices for individuals for many years. This field is one of the most providing for the community, providing assistance to those suffering from illness and injury. Those that currently work in the field have experienced a large amount of change in recent years, requiring them to consider getting back into college to pursue higher degree programs.
Which program is chosen can be the deciding factor in whether an individual works at the entry level or progresses to higher positions throughout his or her career. Bachelor's degrees are now the minimum requirement for nurses, making it a highly sought out degree for those currently studying. For those that are seeking a more advanced degree that provides more career opportunities and higher positions, RN to MSN programs are the best choice.
These programs include the importance nursing techniques and procedures that sculpt the most effective nurses, all while providing a business-oriented, socially diverse, management professional. There is no better option for those seeking a career that will provide for families and promote a sense of satisfaction throughout the duration of their lifetime.
+ Jump to Online RN to MSN Programs Currently Accepting Applicants
RN to MSN: The Right Program for You
Written by Kelli Dunham, RN, BSN
If you're thinking about getting your MSN and you don't yet have a BSN, an RN to MSN (often called "bridge") program might be a great choice. Before you select a program you'll need to think about the change it will create in your nursing role, count the cost, and consider how you'll work your clinical rotations into your schedule.
Creating Change
Obtaining an MSN can lead to many different career tracks in addition to strengthening your overall practice as a nurse. You can enroll in RN to BSN programs that lead to specific clinical tracks like nurse practitioner, nurse midwife or nurse anesthetist. You can also enroll in RN to MSN programs that train nurses for roles in administration, nursing education or community health.
It's important to understand not only the advantages of seeking an RN to MSN on any given path but also the way the different MSN roles function and whether you will enjoy working in that role.
One recent RN to MSN graduate, Ann Snyderman, describes her process this way "I started a nurse anesthetist program at least partly because the promise of a much increased rate of compensation. But when I started clinical rotations, I realized I just wasn't satisfied spending most of my time with patients while they're asleep. I changed to a community health RN to MSN track even though I pretty much had to start over. I love my new job in the health department so it was very much worth it."
Whatever advanced track you are most interested in, whether it's management, education, or the clinical specialties such as nurse practitioner or nurse midwife, try to spend some time shadowing a nurse working in that position. You'll get a better idea of what advanced practice role is best for you.
Count the Cost
One of the main disadvantages of a pure bridge program (ie that doesn't confer a BSN halfway through) is that a pure bridge is usually not considered an undergraduate degrees granting programs and so you won't be available for federal and state financial aid for the degree. Check with the programs you're interested in to see if their paperwork designates a BSN granting program in the interim.
If you're working currently working as a nurse, you may be able be eligible for tuition reimbursement from your institution, but make sure you check out the fine print. Some programs come with a stipulation that you stay with the institution for a certain time after graduation or pay back the money they gave you to go to school.
In an uncertain economy, a specific time commitment may seem more like a promise than a requirement, but this can also cause unintended consequences as well. For example, if you're working a staff nurse on a med/surg floor for two years after your graduate with your family nurse practitioner, your skills might get rusty. Because of this, you might want to check if your institution ever hires advanced practice new grads, so you can work within your new role while still completing your required years of employment.
Clinical Considerations
One of the biggest challenges nurses in RN to MSN programs report is the difficulty of working clinical rotations into an already tight schedule. For example, a staff nurse who works 7 am-7 pm might struggle to find a clinical rotation in a nurse practitioner program that doesn't take place during the daytime hours when primary care clinics are usually open.
Before you select a program, it's important to ask about the availability of clinical rotations outside the 9-5 weekday hours if you don't have any of these hours available. If none of the programs in your area have any flexibility, or if it simply isn't practical (for example, in a nursing administration program) you might need to consider a change to more weekend or even (alas) night shifts.
Leah Strock, a New York based family nurse practitioner working in an NIH HIV prevention study, explained how she juggled her clinical time during her RN to MSN process: "I decided I needed to be prepared to have no life, if you are committed to school you'll spend a lot of time studying and working and there is no leisure time at all." She then adds "Of course, it was the best thing I ever did, I got people breaking down my doors for a job, every week I get a phone call, 'Hi we're looking for an FNP' ".


text:
A GROUP of 18 Sri Lankan men detained on Christmas Island chose to return home rather than be sent to Nauru for processing, in a move the federal government is claiming as a major victory for its tough new asylum seeker laws.
The men, most of whom arrived after the government announced the new policy, were sent back to Colombo on a charter flight yesterday morning.
''Both the Nauru transfers and this group of adult Sri Lankan men choosing to return home provide further evidence that the people smugglers are selling lies and misleading asylum seekers about the situation they will face if they reach Australia by boat,'' the Minister for Immigration, Chris Bowen, said.
Mr Bowen said the men had realised they had been lied to by people smugglers who promised them visas on arrival in Australia. ''What this transfer does … is show that if you come to Australia by boat, you risk your life and you throw your money away,'' he said.
The opposition's immigration spokesman, Scott Morrison, said the decision to reopen Nauru was ''at least some deterrent'' and called on the government to reintroduce temporary protection visas and to turn back boats where it was safe to do so.
He said the decision of the men to go back ''underscores the concerns we have about the true intentions of those now coming from Sri Lanka''.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Boy, 2, is critical after fall into canal
PHOENIX - Authorities say a 2-year-old boy remains hospitalized in extremely critical condition after falling into a Phoenix canal.
A passer-by saw the child in the canal Thursday morning and called 911.
People in the area tried to help save the boy.
KTVK-TV said a Phoenix police officer jumped into the canal and pulled the unresponsive child out of the water.
CPR was administered on scene and the boy was taken to a hospital.
His name hasn't been released, but police say the toddler had wandered from his family's apartment where he was being watched by his teenage siblings.
Education Dept. plans look at 'Redneck Day'
PHOENIX - The U.S. Department of Education plans to investigate a controversial "Redneck Day" celebration two months ago at Queen Creek High School.
One student wore a Confederate flag during the May 1 event. Civil-rights activists say that created a racially hostile environment.
The Rev. Jarrett Maupin says the DOE will "determine the remedy, including moderating conversations between school administrators and civil-rights community leaders to shape new policy and racism prevention measures."
The DOE's Office for Civil Rights says "the display of the Confederate flag concerns rights protected by the First Amendment."
But it also says in a letter that the investigation's scope "will be limited to whether a racially hostile environment was created due to language and actions that were not protected by the First Amendment."
Soldier from Cornville killed in Afghanistan
PHOENIX - A 25-year-old Arizonan was among three U.S. Army soldiers killed Tuesday in Afghanistan in an attack that used an improvised explosive device.
The Defense Department on Thursday identified the Arizona soldier killed as 1st Lt. Jonam Russell of Cornville, near Sedona.
The department said Russell and two other 3rd Infantry Division soldiers died when enemy forces attacked their unit.
Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer ordered that flags at state buildings be lowered to half-staff until sunset Thursday to honor Russell and again the day he is interred.
She said Russell's death was a sobering reminder of the daily perils that military personnel face while carrying out their duties.
Russell was a graduate of Arizona State University.
Copters spread seed,
mulch over fire site
PRESCOTT - Helicopters are spreading seed and mulch over nearly 250 acres scorched by the Doce wildfire near Prescott last month.
The initial operation began Thursday morning and will focus on severely burned areas with deep soils.
Prescott National Forest officials say the seeding effort is intended to reduce the risk to soils and forest resources in the area.
The Daily Courier says recreation areas and trails around the Alto Pit site and the Williamson Valley trailhead will be closed during this week's operation. Those areas will be used as staging areas for the bucket drops.
The human-cause Doce fire began June 18 and charred dense brush and timber in the Granite Mountain Wilderness about seven miles northwest of Prescott.
Man, 21, facing child-abuse charges
PHOENIX - A 21-year-old Phoenix man faces child-abuse charges after allegedly telling police he burned and shook the 8-month-old daughter of his girlfriend.
Court documents released Thursday indicate that Adrian Xavier Ponce told police he burned the child with a cigarette lighter Tuesday afternoon and then violently shook her early Wednesday morning when the child could not sleep "presumably from the pain of the inflicted wounds."
Ponce faces nine counts of child abuse. It's not immediately known if he has an attorney.
Police said Sabrina Santos-Vasquez was taken to a hospital after police were called and told the child wasn't breathing.
Emergency-room personnel found at least eight burns on the face, body and hands. Medical scans also indicated a brain injury.
Police said Ponce was not the child's birth father.
The Associated Press


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Articles Tagged Darin Ruf
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March 31, 2014 6:00 am
In the debut edition, Jeff looks at the DH options of the NL clubs who will visit AL parks and the lineup changes for AL clubs losing the DH.
I am excited to introduce our weekly fantasy baseball Interleague Report. With interleague play now being year-round, we can benefit from keeping tabs on teams that have played or will be playing games in opposing leagues. The plan is to give you helpful info whether it relates to daily or weekly lineups, waiver or FAAB pickups, or changes in positional eligibility. The Interleague Report will cover last week, this week, and the following week.
Last Week
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March 14, 2014 6:00 am
In advance of his foray into Tout Wars, Mike explains how he'd adjust his values for OBP leagues and unveils this week's update.
In eight days, I'll be participating in my fifth Tout Wars expert league auction (on the National League side of the fence). However, this will be the first year we will be using on-base percentage—instead of batting average—as a category.
The attached spreadsheet offers my adjusted bid values for on base percentage leagues. More than the changes, what will probably jump out to readers is how few players' values changed in both leagues. Forty-five NL hitters saw a change in value, while 38 AL hitters were moved up or down. Given that 125 AL hitters and 118 NL hitters saw a value change of $1 or more in 2013, shouldn't there be more fluctuation in my bid limits for OBP?
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September 6, 2013 7:00 am
A polarizing player among prospect evaluators reflects on an encouraging start to his big-league career.
In Kevin Goldstein's final Monday Morning Ten Pack last August, he called Darin Ruf "the leader in Twitter questions." Ruf had just hit the 35th of what would be a minor-league-leading 38 home runs for Double-A Reading, in the process becoming one of the prospect world's most polarizing players. Optimistic Phillies fans remembered Ryan Howard's 37 homers for Reading in 2004 and saw a future slugger. Pessimists saw a one-dimensional player who was way too old for his league, an opinion backed up by scouts who, as KG reported, had Ruf pegged as "a bad ball hitter who does the overwhelming amount of his damage against lefties."
March 7, 2013 5:00 am
How many game could a team of all rookies win? Think about it for a minute, pick a number, and then read on.
One of the chapters I wrote for Extra Innings was about the ways that perennial losers like the Pirates and Royals get broken, and how they might eventually go about getting fixed. "Getting younger" is sometimes seen as a solution, and often it's at least a step along the way. But early on in the chapter, I noted that youth isn't always an immediate answer, writing, "All else being equal, a younger team is preferable to an older one, since younger players generally cost less and offer more room for improvement, but a roster composed of players who haven't yet hit their primes is at least as unlikely to succeed as a team of players who've left their primes behind." Comparing the average ages of teams that finished above or below .500, or that won or lost over 100 games, I concluded, "Too little inexperience can be even more toxic to a team than too much experience."
It's easy to explain why many young teams lose a lot of games: they're learning on the job, with few players in their prime and a limited supply of highly touted and/or major-league-ready rookies. But for a few minutes, let's ignore the way the real world works and imagine a young team too talented to occur in nature. If we could form an entire team for 2013 out of rookie-eligible players from any organization, which rookies would we pick? And armed with only the best young players in baseball, how many games would our all-rookie roster win?
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March 1, 2013 2:00 am
Notable prospect performances from Spring Training
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November 19, 2012 5:00 am
Notes from the weekend games in the DWL, VWL, PRBL, WBC, and AFL.
There were plenty of standouts in Saturday's Arizona Fall League Championship and I've already wrote about most of them since I started on the Minor League Update a few weeks back. Rymer Liriano, Nate Roberts, and Mike Zunino each had three hits for Peoria, who beat Salt River 4-3 to win the AFL title. Instead of writing about them again, do yourself a favor and scroll down the Twitter timeline of former big league scout Bernie Pleskoff, who was tweeting lots of informative scouting notes during the game and throughout the entire season.
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5.0 stars 5 totalReview Tamar Faulhaber
Posted by anonymous
Ms. Faulhaber represented me in what was my second and final attempt to leave my marriage. With the clarity of hindsight I can see where her knowledge of the law, her passion for doing what is right, and believing in and advocating for her clients is why my children and I are thriving today. She works tirelessly to find answers to problems that seem hopeless. She does not back down or pander to opposing counsel when she knows it will not serve her client's best interest. My respect, admiration, and gratitude for Ms. Faulhaber and her staff cannot fully be expressed in an online review I can only say that there is no one else I would trust more with any family law issue.
Posted by Dominique
Ms.Tamar Faulhaber is without a doubt the best divorce attorney in Georgia. She went above and beyond to fight for me during the 3 continuous years of my very difficult and complicated divorce case, which we won.
She is a kind, calm, and very honest attorney who listens and treats her clients with a lot of compassion, and she truly cares.
I would recommend her to anyone in need of a great attorney.
Posted by anonymous
Tamar is highly intelligent and very experienced in handling complex family law cases. I hired her because I could tell she would fight for me. I needed that. She is very confident and organized and I was impressed with her handling of my case. She helped me achieve a very fair and reasonable settlement.
Posted by John
Divorce is an emotional topic especially when young children are involved. But excellent and easily understood legal advice is very important at a time like this. Having a good lawyer who can explain your options in a common sense approach is paramount at a time like this.
Tamar has the experience to let you know how realistic your expectations or demands are. One of the best attributes she has is she listens to what your objectives are and relentlessly works to help you achieve them. Her extensive experience with divorce and child support allows her to give expert opinions on how best to maintain the welfare of the children and achieve workable solutions during a tough and emotional time. I highly recommend Tamar. She is the only attorney I have ever used in the last 25 years that I would recommend and want to use again.
Posted by anonymous
I rarely give out 5 stars but I found no category to give less. I was in the middle of a custody case and was very unsatisfied with previous lawyers responsiveness, professionalism, and I did not even know what our strategy would be. So I decided to seek new counsel. From our first conversation, I knew that I felt comfortable with Tamar as my lawyer. She was extremely helpful and knowledgeable and did not pressure me to make the change. I am glad that I did. Not just because we won the case, but because she went above and beyond what I feel any ordinary attorney would in the rating categories on here. Trustworthy because she gave it to me straight and explained both sides of the situation. Responsiveness because she would answer my emails and calls within a reasonable time frame no matter what time of day or night. Knowledgeable because we came up with a good plan of action and I was well prepared for trial. Kept me informed because she sent me weekly updates and let me know what was going on before having to ask. My overall rating should be more than 5 stars because I felt like Tamar had a personal interest in my case. I am very happy with the outcome of my case and highly recommend Tamar's excellent legal services.


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HYDERABAD, India — Dr. Reddy's Labs has launched a generic drug for treating high blood pressure, the company said Thursday.
Dr. Reddy's announced the launch of amlodipine besylate and benazepril hydrochloride capsules in the 5-mg/40-mg and 10-mg/40-mg strengths.
The drug is a generic version of Novartis' Lotrel, which had sales of $290 million during the 12-month period ended in March, according to IMS Health.


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How shattering my iPhone taught me about PR
It finally happened.
Just a few weeks ago I was walking around without a care in the word. I was texting, taking pictures, checking my Twitter feed, acting like my iPhone 5 was an indestructible commodity. But then, with one small slip of the fingers and one little shatter of glass, my entire world changed.
Not to be dramatic, but shattering my nearly new iPhone 5 is definitely on the "Top 10 Bad Things That Happened To Me In 2013" list. My iPhone was my baby; the one special thing that I went to sleep with every night, and woke up to every morning. For a while, I even thought about giving it a name.
Although my shattered iPhone still works okay, I am forced to live with the ever-present reminder that things are just not how they used to be. It's easy to be mad at Apple for not making its products stronger and sturdier, but looking back on the relationship with my iPhone, it's easy to see that I was in the wrong.
So, here's what I've learned from shattering my iPhone screen, and here's how I'm going to carry these lessons with me into the professional, PR world:
1. Never sacrifice quality. When I shattered my iPhone, the only protection between it and the cold, hard, unforgiving ground was a thin, flimsy case that I had bought on Amazon for $1.25 the week before. Although the case was pretty and very cheap, I knew it did not offer even one percentage of the protection my old OtterBox Defender Series case did. However, after having had my iPhone for the past four months without incident, and especially after watching this YouTube video, I decided to sacrifice quality and go for what I thought was a cooler, more attractive upgrade.
And look where that got me. Lesson learned? Never sacrifice quality… oh, and don't believe everything you see on YouTube. Who cares if my Otter Box case wasn't the best-looking thing on the market? It did what a phone case is supposed to do – protect a phone – whereas my Amazon deal failed me.
So, how does this translate to PR? Basically, in every way. When you're working with clients, never present them with cheap, slapdash work just because it's easy to produce and superficially attractive. Instead, go for quality. Spend the extra time and money to really perfect a project; show your clients that you care about their success. In the end, when their investments have been proven worth it, clients will thank you for your quality service and they will form loyal, lasting relationships with your company.
2. When disaster strikes, pick up the broken pieces and make do with what remains. I broke my iPhone. I broke it, I broke it, I broke it. It sucks. However, no matter how many times I wish I had held a firmer grip, no matter how many times I let out a sigh of exasperation because I can barely read the time, the fact remains that I broke it, so now I have to make do with my mistake.
The first thing I did after I broke my phone was order a screen protector. Now, instead of resembling Bill Hader on that T-Mobile commercial, I can at least slide my fingers across my screen without drawing blood. Although this is a small accomplishment, it's much better than no accomplishment at all.
Likewise, when you're working in PR, it's probable that disaster will strike at one point in your career. If – and when – that happens, you can't take back the mistake, but you can learn to recover and move on. You might not be able to forget what happened, but at least you'll no longer feel the lingering pain.
3. Always, always have insurance. (Or a Plan B). Thank GOD I have insurance on my iPhone. Of all the life decisions I have ever made, buying insurance for my iPhone 5 was one of the smartest. If not for insurance, I would have to pay up to $900 for an entirely new phone. As it is, because of insurance, I will only have to pay $100. Still a lot of money for a broke college kid like me, but way less than it could have been.
For the purpose of this post, I will equate buying insurance to having a Plan B. If something fails – a client event, a pending press release or a media pitch – it's always essential to have a backup plan. That way, when that previously-mentioned and inevitable disaster strikes, you won't find yourself out on the streets, begging for charity and forgiveness.
(And, speaking of, it you are willing to contribute the Briagenn Adams' shattered iPhone cause, feel free to tweet me, @Briagenn!)
This post was originally published on the OU ImPRessions website.


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Jennifer Garner is afraid of the sun
Jennifer Garner spent her Fourth of July surfing with Ben Affleck in Hawaii. Maybe surfing isn't the right word here. It looks more like a 'being pale' contest, and Jennifer is totally beating everybody in the entire world. When I first saw these I thought she was being played by a ghost. Then I got scared and hid in my closet for two hours. I mean, uh, I didn't get scared. What I meant to say was I flexed and then my shirt ripped off because my muscles are so big. True story.


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Lemon Ribeyes Recipe
I never enjoyed cooking until I tried out this dish on my family with great success.—Bill Huntington, Port Orchard, Washington
- 1-1/2 teaspoons dried basil
- 1-1/2 teaspoons dried oregano
- 1 teaspoon garlic powder
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 1/8 teaspoon pepper
- 2 beef ribeye steaks (8 ounces each)
- 1 tablespoon olive oil
- 1 tablespoon lemon juice
- 2 tablespoons crumbled feta cheese, optional
- 1 tablespoon sliced ripe olives, optional
- Lemon slices, optional
- 1. Combine basil, oregano, garlic powder, salt and pepper; rub over steaks. In a skillet, cook steaks in oil for 11-15 minutes or until meat reaches desired doneness (for medium-rare, a thermometer should read 145°; medium, 160°; well done, 170°).
- 2. Transfer to a serving platter. Drizzle with lemon juice. If desired, top with cheese and olives and garnish with lemon. Yield: 2 servings.
Nutritional Facts
1 each: 321 calories, 25g fat (8g saturated fat), 67mg cholesterol, 643mg sodium, 3g carbohydrate (0 sugars, 1g fiber), 21g protein.
Reviews for Lemon Ribeyes
Average Rating
© 2017 RDA Enthusiast Brands, LLC


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Posted on September 25, 2015 by Shopify
This is your store's blog. You can use it to talk about new product launches, experiences, tips or other news you want your customers to read about.
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Beauty Mark It! The Shade You Looked For All Your Life
Sitting in the waiting area at a salon a few years back, the receptionist and I struck up a conversation. As I was doing a little lipstick touch-up before my scheduled appointment, she jumped to her feet. "What is that color?" she shrieked in excitement. "It's the shade I've been looking for all my life!"
Have you ever had a moment like this — a moment where that perfect shade of lipstick or blush just pops out at you? For this week's Beauty Mark It challenge, I'm asking you to share your own "a-ha" lipstick or blush discovery. What shade brought you into cosmetic nirvana? I'll start you off with Aveda's Nourish-Mint Smoothing Lip Color in Lychee Splash ($14), the life-changing shade my receptionist friend so desired. This color looks great on just about everyone; it's a coral/tawny/brownish-berry with a very slight amount of gold shimmer.
Share your choices by bookmarking items from around the web and tagging them with the phrase My Perfect Shade. I'll feature your favorites here next Tuesday. To learn about Beauty Mark It challenges and how to add your picks, check out this how-to. To see some of my favorite online beauty stores,
Saks Beauty Place
Saffron Rouge
Fred Segal Beauty
Amazon.com Beauty
Bergdorf Goodman


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SAN LUIS OBISPO, Calif.--No. 12 Central Michigan defeated CSU Bakersfield 26-12 in the regular season wrestling finale for the Roadrunners Sunday.
Bryce Hammond (R-Fr., Bakersfield, Calif., Bakersfield HS) won his team leading 30th match of the season, defeating Anthony Bill by a score of 8-3 at 174 pounds. Dalton Kelley (R-Jr., Alamosa, Colo., Alamosa HS) earned a 7-6 decision over Donnie Corby at 149. Frankie Hurtado (So., Bakersfield, Calif., Liberty HS) won by forfeit at 197 pounds for the Roadrunners.
CSUB wraps up the regular season with a 8-6 dual mark. Next up for the Roadrunners is the Mar. 2 Pac-12 Championships at Arizona State.
~www.GoRunners.com~No. 12 Central Michigan 26, CSU Bakersfield 12
125: No. 11 Christian Cullinan (CMU) dec. Tyler Iwamura, 7-2
133: No. 7 Scotti Sentes (CMU) dec. Miguel Comparan, 5-0
141: Scott Mattingly (CMU) fall Timmy Box, 6:21
149: Dalton Kelly (CSUB) dec. Donnie Corby, 7-6
157: Lucas Smith (CMU) dec. Jake Briggs, 2-0
165: Mike Ottinger (CMU) dec. David Meza, 3-2
174: No. 19 Bryce Hammond (CSUB) dec. Anthony Bill, 8-3
184: No. 2 Ben Bennett (CMU) tech. fall Sean Pollock, 18-0
197: Frankie Hurtado (CSUB) wins by forfeit
285: No. 5 Jarod Trice (CMU) dec. Sammy Cervantes, 2-0


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City Bikes Ironman 70.3 Miami raises a glass to new Michelob ULTRA sponsorship
City Bikes Ironman 70.3 Miami has confirmed its newest sponsor, Michelob ULTRA. Michelob ULTRA will become the Official Beer of the 2012 City Bikes Ironman 70.3 Miami event and will sponsor the run course.
"Michelob ULTRA is thrilled to partner with City Bikes Ironman 70.3 Miami," said Eddy Leal, Senior Manager, Region Trade Marketing at Michelob ULTRA. "We're excited to be on site to support triathletes every step of the way and look forward to helping the participating adult athletes celebrate their achievements at the finish line."
Michelob ULTRA has 95 calories and 2.6g of carbs per 12oz serving. One year after its introduction in 2002, Michelob ULTRA became the fastest-growing new brand in the beer industry. It was also a big hit among adult fitness enthusiasts, adult consumers living an active lifestyle and those looking for a great-tasting beer with lower carbohydrates and fewer calories.
City Bikes Ironman 70.3 Miami is a truly international event with athletes from over 58 countries around the world in attendance. The race is also one of the largest in the United States, offering 3,000 slots and was sold out last year.
Miami's warm climate and range of activities allow athletes and their families to use the race as an excuse to visit and indulge in all the city has to offer, simultaneously stimulating the local economy. The 2012 event, which takes place on 28 October at Bayfront Park in downtown Miami, is highly anticipated, with registrations close to being sold out.
"We are glad to see the City Bikes Ironman 70.3 Miami team continue to grow, and the addition of a brand such as Michelob ULTRA demonstrates the increasing corporate support of triathlon," said Wilber Anderson, CEO of Miami Tri Events.
Miami Tri Events Inc, the race organiser of City Bikes Ironman 70.3 Miami, aims to produce one-of-a-kind sporting events. As the company points out, 'Besides giving participants and spectators a remarkable experience, Miami Tri Events generates the utmost benefits to the involved companies and sponsors, causing a positive social and economic impact in the local market.'
By creating awareness for recreation and a healthy lifestyle, and engaging local charities and non‐profitable organizations, 'Miami Tri Events assures that every effort taken contributes to society in a positive and vigorous manner.'


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Roc N Rolling Hills 2010
Sunday, August 29, 2010 at Rolling Hills County Park in Ypsilanti, Michigan
Disc golf singles tournament
Disc golf singles tournament
Tournament pictures » Picture 125 of 173
Foz Miller uploaded this picture.
Mike Fortunato › August 30, 2010 at 9:27am
Taco Bell strikes again. Thanks a lot Cheesy Wraps!
Shaun Adkins › August 30, 2010 at 9:32am
stop hiding greg.
"J Bluntz" Quiton › August 30, 2010 at 9:35am
Aha the old cover your face with your shirt and waive it away with your hat maneuver.


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The Only Important Thing Is... Jewelry Making Baby Bodysuit
Product Color:
Product information
Use this Baby Bodysuit The Only Important Thing Is... Jewelry Making and your need for a babysitter will dwindle rapidly. Whether you are having a nice meal at a fancy restaurant or going to a friend's dinner party: Use our The Only Important Thing Is... Jewelry Making outfits and your baby will become the center of any party.
This Jewelry-Making Baby Bodysuit is made of 100% Cotton, ensuring durability, quality and all the softness needed to make your little one feel comfortable. Our wide variety of cheerful colors ensure that your baby is always dressed for the occasion.
Sku: BB0DG0000000862525250220TUWH00000


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March 19 2013
Seth Green to be a guest on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson tonight. Be sure to tune in.
Ferguson is the only late night host that cracks me up, he's a legend! Looking forward to this. Was disappointed Joss didn't get an interview when Avengers came out.
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Source: The Wrestling Observer Newsletter
We can now confirm that Seth Rollins' heel turn was
absolutely a last-minute decision. However, a source also reports that despite
indications to the contrary, it was not a change from a planned Dean Ambrose
turn either.
The source claims that the hints toward a Shield
split in WWE Magazine (where Ambrose referred to his "former partners") and the
Payback post-match interview (where Reigns gave Ambrose a nasty look) were not
actually intending to lead into a heel turn whatever the speculation.
Basically put, it's not like there were plans to
turn Ambrose, but at the last
minute the company decided to go with Rollins instead. The idea to
turn Rollins was a last-minute decision, and had nothing to
do regarding whether or not Ambrose should be the guy — if any — to turn on
the faction.


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Management of Lymph Node–Positive Prostate Cancer: The Role of Surgery and Radiation Therapy
Management of Lymph Node–Positive Prostate Cancer: The Role of Surgery and Radiation Therapy
There is no clear consensus on how to manage a subset of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) who present with involved lymph nodes (LN+). Although outcomes for these patients are uniformly worse than those for patients with localized PCa, they are better than outcomes for patients with bone metastases, with more than 60% of patients alive at 10 years after the initial diagnosis. This article reviews the existing data on outcomes for patients treated with various combinations of systemic and local therapies. Current evidence suggests both a disease-control benefit and a survival benefit to multimodality therapy, which combines systemic androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with local therapies, such as surgery and radiation, without evidence of excessive treatment-related toxicities.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men. In the United States, one out of six men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime.[1,2] Because of stage migration during the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) era, the vast majority of patients with newly diagnosed PCa have clinically localized disease, defined by the absence of nodal or distant metastases. In the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) registry, out of 12,000 patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2004, only 2.4% presented with bony metastatic disease (M+) at their initial diagnosis.[3] There are no recent data on initial presentation with radiographically evident lymph node–positive (LN+) disease in the absence of bony metastases. The current (7th) edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual groups M+ and LN+ disease together as stage IV.[4] Many physicians tend to view these two categories of patients as having similar outcomes, and approach their treatment with the same algorithm.
The goal of this article is to review the data on management of PCa with lymphatic involvement (LN+) and focus on the role of multimodality therapy, which combines systemic and local therapies in managing these patients. Patients with LN+ PCa can be broadly separated into two groups, largely based on the bulk of nodal disease. Patients who undergo staging scans prior to surgery and have no radiological evidence of pelvic lymphadenopathy but are then found to have involved pelvic lymph nodes at the time of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) have pathologically node-positive (pN+) disease, and they are considered to be in the favorable category. This is in contrast to clinically node-positive (cN+) patients, who have pathologically enlarged lymph nodes on staging scans and in whom surgery is rarely even attempted. According to the 2013 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines,[5] patients with metastases to the lymph nodes by imaging studies (cN+) should be treated systemically with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or radiation therapy (RT) with long-term ADT, and patients with involved lymph nodes detected at the time of radical prostatectomy (pN+) are offered observation, ADT, or RT with long-term ADT (Figure 1). While ADT is the common denominator, there is no consensus on the role of local therapies in management of patients with LN+ PCa.
Management of Microscopic LN+ PCa, as Determined at PLND (pN+)
The incidence of nodal metastases in patients with presumed clinically localized PCa decreased from rates of 20% to 40% in the 1980s[6,7] to rates of 4% to 6% in the most recently published reports,[8-10] again likely due to stage migration in PCa during the PSA era. Indeed, the Mayo series revealed a marked decline in the incidence of positive lymph nodes at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP), from 9.1% between 1988 and 1993 to 1.8% between 1998 and 2001.[11] Traditionally, involvement of regional lymph nodes in PCa was regarded as a poor prognostic factor, indicating systemic disease with limited long-term survival regardless of treatment. In the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Genito-Urinary Group protocol 30846, launched in 1986, RP was aborted if lymph node involvement was found during PLND, and men were randomized to either immediate or delayed ADT, which consisted of a 3.6-mg 1-month depot of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist goserelin (Zoladex) combined with 50 mg of the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate three times daily during the first 4 weeks, for flare prevention. Orchiectomy was also allowed in lieu of medical castration. In the delayed-treatment arm, treatment was started at disease progression, defined as development of bone metastases, new lymph node or soft tissue metastases, or a 30 cc or greater increase in primary tumor volume. At the time of progression under endocrine treatment in each arm, further treatment was left to the discretion of the investigator but the continuation of endocrine treatment was suggested. At a median follow-up of 9.6 years,[12] the time to death in patients with LN+ PCa (median 6.2 and 7.8 years with delayed vs immediate treatment, respectively) was greater than that in patients with M+ disease (median 2.5 years, based on a contemporary meta-analysis by the Prostate Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group).[13] The update of the EORTC 30846 trial with a 13-year follow-up revealed that approximately 60% of deaths on both arms were due to PCa.[14] This trial provides a good benchmark for the natural history of pN+ PCa in the absence of local therapy.
The Role of Radical Prostatectomy in Management of pN+ PCa
Although direct comparison of different trials is a flawed approach, their collective results do provide interesting insights. At the same time as the EORTC was enrolling patients on protocol 30846, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) launched a randomized trial of immediate vs deferred ADT in patients who were found to have pathologically involved lymph nodes at the time of RP, but in contrast to the EORTC trial, these patients underwent RP and were randomly assigned to receive immediate, continuous ADT (3.6 mg of goserelin monthly or bilateral orchiectomy, by patient choice), or to be followed up and receive ADT when clinical recurrence was detected (not counting events with only detectable or rising PSA concentrations). With a median follow-up of 11.9 years,[15] median overall survival (OS) was 13.9 vs 11.3 years in the immediate-ADT and delayed-ADT groups, respectively. In the immediate-ADT group, 41% of patients died of PCa compared with 89% in the delayed-ADT group.
Other surgical series have been published, and outcomes from selected studies are summarized here as well as in the Table. Frohmuller et al[16] published their series of 139 patients treated with PLND at the University of Wrzburg between 1969 and 1992. In this group, 87 patients received ADT alone and 52 received RP with ADT. The great majority of these patients were not staged with pelvic imaging prior to surgery. With a short follow-up of 4.5 years, the actuarial OS rates, prostate cancer–specific survival (PCSS), and progression-free survival (PFS) at 10 years were in favor of radical prostatectomy. The groups were heavily unbalanced by nodal disease bulk. Among patients in the RP + ADT group, 75% were staged as pN1 and 25% as pN2, whereas in the ADT-alone group 25% were staged as pN1 and 75% as pN2. However, the importance of this publication is in a detailed analysis of local tumor progression in the two groups of patients. Local disease progression occurred in 60 of the 87 (69%) patients who had not undergone radical prostatectomy. Because of clinically significant symptoms associated with local disease progression, such as urinary retention or bleeding, surgical intervention was necessary in 29 of these 87 patients (33%). Of these 29 patients, 18 required a single transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and 11 required multiple TURPs. In contrast, in the RP+ADT group, 4 patients out of 52 (8%) developed a local recurrence, but none required surgery; one patient after RP required urethral dilatation due to a stricture at the level of the vesicourethral anastomosis. Due to group imbalances and lack of robust statistical adjustment for these imbalances, comparison of outcomes in the two groups is challenging, but knowledge of the natural history of primary disease and the importance of local control, despite systemic progression, are emphasized by this publication.
A larger Munich Cancer Registry series[17] of 938 patients accounted for such imbalances in their statistical methods. Although cases were not matched, random samples were generated. In this series, 688 patients were similarly treated with RP after PLND revealed LN+ disease, whereas 250 were treated without RP. About 75% of all patients received adjuvant ADT and 25% received adjuvant RT, with adjuvant therapies equally balanced between the two groups. With a median follow-up of only 5.6 years, OS was significantly better in the RP group, and after adjustment for age, clinical T stage, number of positive lymph nodes, World Health Organization (WHO) grade, and PSA level, patients who underwent RP were more likely to be alive, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6–2.6). A large Mayo series[11] of RP in 507 LN+ patients at the time of PLND, with the longest follow-up being 10.3 years, revealed a 10-year PCSS of 86%, with 56% of men free from biochemical recurrence at the time of their last follow-up visit. In this series, 90% of the patients received adjuvant ADT and 9% received adjuvant RT. On multivariate analysis, Gleason score 8–10, positive surgical margins, and two or more positive lymph nodes were adverse predictors of PCSS, whereas adjuvant ADT use was not associated with systemic progression or cancer-specific survival. A meticulous PLND with no adjuvant therapies produced intriguing results in a publication by Bader et al.[18] A total of 88 patients treated at the University of Bern between 1989 and 1999 were followed over a median of 3.7 years. Authors described dissection of tissues along the external iliac vein, in the obturator fossa, and along the internal iliac artery, with removal of a median of 21 lymph nodes. The projected probabilities of OS and of PCSS for these 88 patients were both 74% at 5 years. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, which included the number of lymph node metastases, tumor stage, and Gleason score, the only variable affecting progression and cancer-specific death was the number of positive lymph nodes. In this study, only 8% of patients with one positive lymph node died of PCa, compared with a 25% mortality rate from PCa among patients with two positive lymph nodes and a 36% rate among patients with more than two positive lymph nodes.
Bulk of Lymphatic Involvement as a Predictor of PCa Outcome
There are no radiological data on bulk of lymphatic involvement and PCa outcome, most likely due to the rare presentation of isolated lymphatic metastases in the absence of distant metastatic disease (LN+M0). However, the available pathological data provide a meaningful insight into the relationship between the size and number of involved lymph nodes and disease prognosis. Schiavina et al[19] confirmed the association between number of positive LNs and disease outcome. A total of 98 consecutive patients treated at the University of Bologna with RP between 1995 and 2011 were divided into three groups based on number of positive LNs and Gleason score. Of note, 80% of these patients received adjuvant ADT and 50% received adjuvant RT, with equal rates of adjuvant therapies between the groups. With a median follow-up of 5.7 years, patients with one to three positive LNs had PCSS at 5 and 10 years of 91% and 84%, compared with patients with more than three positive LNs, whose PCSS rates were 72% and 44%, respectively.
After finding a strong association between the number of positive LNs and the rate of PCSS,[18] the researchers at the University of Bern looked further into the histopathological characteristics of the LNs in 102 patients treated between 1989 and 2002 with the same meticulous PLND, as described earlier. The median diameter of the largest LN metastasis per patient was 6 mm (range, 0.3–35 mm). Initially, the authors hypothesized that the presence of extranodal extension (ENE) would independently predict survival; however, on multivariate analysis—which included cancer volume in the prostate, T stage, Gleason score, ENE, number of positive LNs, and diameter of the largest LN metastasis per patient—only the diameter of the largest metastasis per patient (< 6 mm vs ≥ 6 mm) and the Gleason score predicted survival.[20] In a subsequent analysis, the diameter of the largest metastasis (with a cut-off of 10 mm) per patient was the strongest prognosticator for all endpoints.[21] The 5-year overall, disease-specific, and relapse-free survival rates for patients with largest nodal metastases of 10 mm or less were 85%, 87%, and 33%, compared with 54%, 57%, and 18%, respectively, for patients with largest nodal metastases greater than 10 mm. The HR of 4.2 for disease-specific survival (DSS) implied a more than quadrupled risk of dying from cancer for patients with larger LN metastases. One might hypothesize from this analysis that patients who are found to have LN+ disease by imaging are likely to have outcomes similar to those of patients with larger LN metastases; that is, patients with cN+ PCa might have roughly a quadrupled risk of death from PCa compared with patients with pN+ disease determined at the time of PLND.


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Orlando Bloom has to clean up for Miranda Kerr
Apparently Orlando Bloom subscribes to the Britney Spears' School of Hygiene because his girlfriend Victoria's Secret model Miranda Kerr (above) wants him to quit being such a filthy bastard, according to Star:
"Miranda thinks Orlando is too smelly. Recently, she asked him if he could wash his clothes and perhaps shower more often."
When he's not working on a film, the Pirates of the Caribbean star, 31, "goes days without washing his clothes," adds the source. "He'll wear the same jeans for a week before he throws them in the washer. Same goes for his sweaters, T-shirts and socks."
It doesn't help that he sleeps with his dog, Sidi, and lets her slobber all over him.
If a Victoria's Secret model told me to take a shower in order to learn her secret (which better not be a penis this time), I'd be scrubbing down like there was no tomorrow. Mostly because I wake up every morning and roll around in the mud with my pet pig Hewey. I named him after my favorite singer: Jennifer Love Hewitt. But not because she's fat. I just respect her as an artist – who loves bacon.


text: volcanohunter Report post Posted April 24, 2014 The Paris Opera has unveiled its 2014-15 cinema lineup, and as was the case this season, there is little live ballet. December 18 - Défilé / Etudes / highlights from The Nutcracker Evidently the Forsythe ballets which will share the bill with Etudes in September are not considered suitable for cinemas. May 18 (live) - Manon June 4 & 11 - Swan Lake The company will perform the ballet in March-April. There is no confirmation of whether this will be a new film or whether the existing film will be screened. (My money is on the latter, because the site indicates that the performance's conductor is Vello Pähn; next season's run will be conducted by Simon Hewett.) The operas the company will be presenting live are Il barbiere di Siviglia, Tosca and Don Giovanni. The other operas in the lineup have been recorded previously, primarily at other opera houses, and many them are already available on DVD. http://www.vivalopera.fr/saison/annees/2014-2015 Share this post Link to post


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Nathan Cullen and Joe Oliver warm up
The exchange you can't miss from this afternoon's Question Period
This could be fun to watch. Nathan Cullen is the NDP's new finance critic. Joe Oliver is the new minister of finance. Today, they faced off over income splitting. Cullen wants very much to drive a wedge through the Tory caucus, and he hoped to trip up Oliver's talking points. The last #2, Jim Flaherty, questioned the effectiveness of spouses splitting their income at tax time. Does Oliver feel the same, Cullen wondered?
The exchanges that followed revealed that, for the time being, Cullen and Oliver can at least smile as they disagree fundamentally about almost everything. Cullen goaded Oliver, Oliver laughed, threw his hand in the air, and then snapped back with a joke. He mentioned Cullen's "pink slip," which is a reference to the $40,000 pay cut the former NDP House leader took to land his new gig as finance critic.
As the Conservative side roared, and Treasury Board President Tony Clement taunted Cullen, watch as the NDP critic leans in mockingly to listen to whatever Oliver has to say next. Everyone basks in the attention.
At least they're smiling, right?


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NEW YORK - If you're lucky enough to live into your 90s, how well will your brain hold up? You may have an edge over people who got there ahead of you, a new study hints.
Researchers found that on tests of mental abilities, a group of 95-year-old Danes scored better than a group of Danes born 10 years earlier who had been tested at about the same age.
In a standard simple test, for example, 23 percent of them scored in the highest category, compared with 13 percent of the earlier-born group. Out of the 30 questions and tasks, members of the later-born group averaged two more correct responses than the earlier-born group. The results were released Wednesday by the journal Lancet.
Why the better mental performance? It wasn't just better education, but beyond that the researchers could only guess at things like more intellectual stimulation and better diets earlier in life.
More people are living to such old ages. The U.S. census counted 425,000 Americans age 95 and older in 2010, a 26 percent increase over the total in 2000.


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The moral turpitude and ethical spinelessness of the Bush administration over the Guantánamo Bay detention camp have also infected president-elect Barack Obama. The offshore detention and torture camp still holds 248 detainees. During his election campaign, Obama promised to close it. His proposed time table does not impress, however. While Obama is now expected to issue an executive order during his first week in office closing down Guantanamo Bay, the measure will not be implemented, that is, the camp won't actually be closed, during the first hundred days of his administration.
Barack Obama's lack of moral fibre on this issue is manifest from his own words.
"It is more difficult than I think a lot of people realise". Indeed, doing the right thing is often difficult and can be personally or politically costly. Difficult decisions should not come as a surprise to the president-elect. It's what you expect to get on your plate when you run for president of the United States of America, rather than for dog catcher.
"Part of the challenge is that you have a bunch of folks that have been detained, many of whom may be very dangerous, who have not been put on trial". Indeed. The US government created an offshore detention centre where prisoners suspected of terrorist activities could be held, abused, mistreated, tortured, tried in kangaroo military courts or simply detained indefinitely without being charged let alone tried. In doing so, the Bush Jr. administration cocked a snook at the US Constitution, at habeas corpus (the right to have your day in court, to know what you are being charged with and to face your accuser), at the right to a fair trial generally, at due process, the rule of law, and at international conventions, signed by the US, on human rights and civil liberties.
It is certainly possible, indeed likely, that many or most of those still detained in GTMO are very dangerous. That is no reason for detaining them if there is no proof that would stand up in a normal US court of law. If you don't have the evidence to charge a person with a crime – evidence that would stand up in a normal US court of law – you have to set them free. That's the law. That's the rule of law.
"And some of the evidence against them may be tainted even if it's true". Again, a good point. Some of the evidence against them may be inadmissible, even in the kangaroo courts established at Guantanamo Bay, let alone in a normal US court of law, because it was obtained through torture or through 'torture lite', the water boarding, and other forms of physical and mental abuse of prisoners that remain part of US military interrogation practice.
Obama also appears to have adopted the Bush argument that Britain and other European countries should take some of the remaining GTMO inmates (other than their own nationals). In his final White House press conference, Bush said: "I understand that Gitmo has created controversies. But when it cam time for those countries that were criticising America to take some of those detainees they weren't willing to help out". No they won't and why should they? Bush obviously hasn't been in a china shop recently, and appears unfamiliar with the expression: "You break it, you own it". I can understand the desire of Bushama and Obushma to externalise this internality, but this is a US problem that requires a US solution.
The right course of action is simple. Just after midnight, on Tuesday January 20, 2009, when Barack Obama officially becomes the 44th president of the United States of America, all remaining Guantánamo detainees are put on a plane and are flown to the USA, where they are put under the jurisdiction and control of the US court system. I would favour the normal, 'civilian' Federal court system, because terrorism is a crime and terrorist should be treated as ordinary criminals. The alternative – following the unhelpful 'war on terror' model – would be to treat the prisoners as prisoners of war and try them in normal US military courts.
Those that can be charged under US law will be charged and, if convicted, will pay with their lives or their freedom for their crimes. Those that are acquitted, and those that cannot be charged with a crime under normal US legal procedures, are released. If they are not US citizens, they should be sent back to their countries of citizenship or origin, as long as this does not put them at risk of being tortured or killed there. Extraordinary renditions have no place in the game plan of a civilised nation. If they cannot be sent back to their own countries without endangering their safety, they should be allowed to stay in the USA, as free individuals.
It may well be true, as some have argued, that if a Guantánamo detainee, released because there is no evidence to hold him that would stand up in a normal court of law, were to commit a terrorist act (or any kind of criminal act) against the US, its residents or its citizens, the American public would never forgive the president that approved and arranged his release. What of it? The point of being president is not to be forgiven by the American people for doing the right thing. It is doing the right thing – and damn the torpedoes.
The murderers and suicide cultists of Al Qaeda and other extremist Islamist groups threaten life and limb. But although evil and violent, they pose no material threat to the American way of life and to our freedom. Only the government's phobic and over-the-top reaction to the threat posed by violent, extremist Islamism undermines our freedom and the Bill of Rights.
The contempt for the rule of law – for the fundamental concept that government too is established under the law and operates under the law – expressed through the creation of the Guantánamo Bay detention camp by the Bush Jr. administration, represents one of the darkest events in the post-World War II history of the USA. It has done more to lower the international prestige and moral authority of the USA than any other policy decision in my lifetime. It makes one ashamed of the political system that produces such leaders. And now we witness this dark act being tolerated and continued because of the moral cowardice of the incoming Obama administration. This opportunistic, spineless behaviour is a huge blow to all those who hoped that the new president, unlike his predecessor, would be able to spell the word 'decency'. It is also a major missed opportunity to restore America's standing in the world.


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Gretsch Vintage Guitars
Founded in Brooklyn in 1883, Gretsch started out making banjos, tambourines, and drums. It didn't really get into guitars until the 1930s, when the guitar began to overtake the banjo in popularity. Evidence of that shift could be seen in the success of the L-5, Gibson's fast-selling acoustic archtop, with its trapeze tailpiece and a pickguard that seemed to float above the f-holes carved into the instrument's body.
Gretsch answered in the mid-1930s with the American Orchestra line of acoustic guitars, which started at $25 each. These guitars had spruce tops, maple backs and sides, and either rosewood or ebony fingerboards. By all accounts, they did little to slow down Gibson.
In 1939, Gretsch came out with a true competitor, the Art Deco-styled Synchromatics. These acoustic archtops included the top-of-the-line 400, which was designed to do battle in the marketplace with Gibson's 1935 Super 400. The Synchromatics were unique in that they had a stairstep bridge, a harp-shaped tailpiece, an asymmetrical neck, and cat's-eye sound holes instead of the more traditional-looking f-holes.
Like the American Orchestra guitars, the Synchromatics failed to make a significant dent in Gibson's dominance, but today, a vintage Gretsch Synchromatic 400 is every bit as collectible as Gibson Super 400, so perhaps the guitar was simply ahead of its time.
The other Gretsch introduction of 1939 was its first line of electric guitars. Called the Electromatics, they were offered in Hawaiian and Spanish models. After World War II, Gretsch came out with three flat top acoustics, model numbers 6007, 6021, and 6042. Instead of cat's eyes or even f-holes, these big-bottomed guitars had triangular sound holes in their centers.
The 1950s were an outstanding decade for American electric guitars: Gibson debuted the Les Paul in 1952 and Fender launched the Stratocaster in 1954. For Gretsch, the 1950s was the decade when its guitars really started to come into their own. The Duo-Jet, made popular in the 1960s and 1970s by the likes of George Harrison and Jeff Beck, went into production in 1953, and the Electro II was introduced in 1954. That guitar evolved into the Country Club line, which lasted 27 years.
1954 was also the year the Electromatic became the Streamliner (although the Electromatic logo remained on the guitar until 1958) and when the first Chet Atkins hollow-body debut...
The other Gretsch trend of the 1950s was to jazz up its Duo Jets. In addition to the original black model, Gretsch added a sparkly silver version, the Western-themed Round-Up (complete with leather-tooled strap and a big G branded into its knotty-pine top), and the Jet Fire Bird, whose bright red top caught the eye of Bo Diddley.
In the 1960s, the continued association of Gretsch with George Harrison and The Beatles kept the company in the limelight. Harrison played a Country Gentleman on the Ed Sullivan show, so it shouldn't have been too surprising when Chet Atkins repaid the favor by recording an album of Beatles covers. The Monkees, a made-for-TV group, played Gretsch instruments exclusively, albeit under marketing contract. Naturally Gretsch produced a Monkees signature guitar.
Gretsch was sold to Baldwin in 1967—for many Gretsch fans, this sale had the same negative effect as the 1965 sale of Fender to CBS. But Gretsch heir Fred W. Gretsch vowed to one day get the company back, which he did in 1985, coincidentally, the same year CBS let go of Fender.
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