text:
Authored by J. Michael Jakes
In 1996, the Supreme Court in Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc.,1 ruled that the interpretation of patent claims is a matter of law to be determined exclusively by the courts.2 Before that decision, claim construction issues were routinely given to juries for decision, usually with the aid of expert testimony.3
In addition to defining the role of courts in claim construction, the Supreme Court and the Federal Circuit added "Markman" to our professional vocabulary and created a new proceeding, "the Markman hearing," in patent litigation. Neither the Supreme Court's nor the Federal Circuit's Markman decisions, however, say anything about when claims must be construed, how a claim construction proceeding may or should occur, or what evidence may be presented. Indeed, from the issuance of its decision in Markman to date, the Federal Circuit has made clear that district courts have considerable discretion on whether, when, and how to conduct claim-construction proceedings.
Although the Federal Circuit has not adopted procedures for conducting Markman determinations, some district courts have, and others are considering the possibility. For instance, the Northern District of California has implemented rules detailing procedures in patent cases, including conducting Markman hearings before the close of discovery and before filing motions for summary judgment.4 Other district courts are using the rules from the Northern District of California or other similar rules.5
None of these rules, however, specifically addresses the use of expert testimony in the claim-construction process. Once the primary means for presenting claim-construction issues to juries, expert testimony may or may not be allowed by the courts today. Even if an expert is permitted to testify, his or her opinions on the interpretation of the claims may be given little or no weight.
This paper discusses some of the practical and tactical considerations for using an expert at a Markman hearing. It considers such key questions as what to present at a Markman hearing, whether to present expert testimony, and how best to present it. Before reaching these questions, however, one must first consider whether the court will hold a Markman hearing at all.
One of the first procedural issues the district court must consider is whether a Markman hearing is necessary at all. The Markman decision does not mandate a hearing and just requires that the judge, not the jury, construe the patent claims. Often, district courts decide that a hearing is unnecessary. Generally, the reason articulated is that a hearing is not necessary because the paper record provides all the information the court needs for claim construction.
Of course, a Markman hearing may take many forms, ranging from attorney argument based solely on the paper record to a multiday minitrial with live witnesses. Courts have allowed experts to present "tutorials" on the technology without cross-examination or, in some cases, have even appointed their own technical experts. While courts almost always permit argument on claim construction, the question of whether to hold a Markman hearing usually concerns whether to allow expert testimony.
For example, in LRC Electronics, Inc. v. John Mezzalingua Associates, Inc.,6 the defendant moved for a Markman hearing, arguing that the district court "should receive expert testimony regarding the definition of [certain claim] the terms," and that the court should "hold this hearing prior to ruling on [its] motion for summary judgment in order to narrow the issues and possibly prompt settlement."7 In response, the district court first noted that "nowhere in the Markman decision does the Supreme Court state that courts must hold a pre-trial, or pre-summary judgment, hearing on the issue of claim construction. However, since the Markman decision was handed down, a number of district courts faced with claim construction disputes have held some sort of hearing."8 The court reasoned that a "Markman hearing to define [a certain claim] term . . . would only be necessary if the Court needed expert testimony to interpret the term." Id. The court explained that such an instance arises when a "term remains ambiguous after considering the intrinsic evidence in the case." Id. Considering the intrinsic evidence, the court stated that, "[d]espite its rather common usage, after carefully considering the intrinsic evidence in this case, the Court finds that the exact meaning of the [claim term] is somewhat ambiguous." Id. at 182.
Notwithstanding that ambiguity, which the court intimated would call for a Markman hearing, the court reasoned that:
[a]fter carefully considering the language used in [the claim], the specification, and Webster's Dictionary, the Court finds that the meaning of the [claim term] is the one stated in Webster's Dictionary. Thus, the Court finds that no expert testimony, and hence no Markman hearing, is needed in the instant case.9
[a]fter carefully considering the language used in [the claim], the specification, and Webster's Dictionary, the Court finds that the meaning of the [claim term] is the one stated in Webster's Dictionary. Thus, the Court finds that no expert testimony, and hence no Markman hearing, is needed in the instant case.9
The defendant's motion for a Markman hearing was denied.10
Similarly, in Interactive Gift Express, Inc. v. Compuserve Inc.,11 the district court concluded that no Markman hearing was necessary. There, the court limited discovery to issues of claim construction and construed the claims on the basis of a claim-construction report prepared by the plaintiff and the parties' claim-construction briefs. The court said that a Markman hearing was unnecessary because it did not need expert or other testimony to determine the proper construction.12
In addition to the situation where the paper record alone enables the court to construe the claims, a hearing is obviously not necessary when the parties do not dispute any claim-construction issues. In Electronic Planroom, Inc. v. McGraw-Hill Cos., Inc.,13 for example, the court reasoned that:
the parties largely agree as to the correct interpretation of the claims at issue, and the Court is satisfied that, for purposes of the present motions, the claims may be construed by resort to the plain meaning and ordinary understanding of their terms. To the extent that any doubts remain, they will be resolved in favor of the non-moving party. Under these circumstances, the Court finds it unnecessary to conduct a separate Markman hearing before ruling on the pending motions.
the parties largely agree as to the correct interpretation of the claims at issue, and the Court is satisfied that, for purposes of the present motions, the claims may be construed by resort to the plain meaning and ordinary understanding of their terms. To the extent that any doubts remain, they will be resolved in favor of the non-moving party. Under these circumstances, the Court finds it unnecessary to conduct a separate Markman hearing before ruling on the pending motions.
Where the claim terms are disputed, but the technology involved in the patent is fairly simple, a Markman hearing also may not be held. In Aspex Eyewear v. E'lite Optik,14 the court stated that, "[i]n cases such as this one, where the technology is accessible to the court and the claims are relatively straightforward, a Markman hearing is unnecessary."
And where issues of claim interpretation are raised, but the parties do not specifically request a formal claim construction, a Markman hearing may be unnecessary. In Brosnan v. Rolleblade, Inc.,15 the district court considered defendant's motion for partial summary judgment on the issue of whether plaintiff's second patent was entitled to an earlier filing date by virtue of being a continuation-in-part application. In so doing, the court looked at the patent claims but did not hold a formal Markman hearing because the briefs and arguments were sufficient even though the court's claim construction was not conclusive. The court stated that it "did not purport to assess the claims in the manner accomplished through a claim construction hearing."16 Thus, a Markman hearing was not needed.
In addition to deciding whether to have a Markman hearing, courts must decide what to consider at such a hearing. The intrinsic evidence-namely, the claims, written description, and prosecution history-can and should be presented and considered. The more difficult question has been what "extrinsic" evidence may be presented and considered. Extrinsic evidence is defined as "all evidence external to the patent and prosecution history, including inventor testimony, dictionaries, and learned treaties."17
In Markman, the en banc Federal Circuit stated that a "court may, in its discretion, receive extrinsic evidence in order 'to aid the court in coming to a correct conclusion' as to the 'true meaning of the language employed' in the patent."18 The court admonished that extrinsic evidence could never be used to vary or contradict the terms of the claims but that a court could look to extrinsic evidence to assist it in its construction.19 Since that admonition, the Federal Circuit and district courts have wrestled with how to deal with extrinsic evidence in claim construction.
The question of when and how extrinsic evidence may be used in claim construction was arguably confused by the Federal Circuit's decision Vitronics Corp. v. Conceptronic, Inc.,20 where the court took a seemingly harsh stance against the use of any extrinsic evidence. In Vitronics, the court stated that, "[i]n those cases where the public record unambiguously describes the scope of the patented invention, reliance on any extrinsic evidence is improper."21 The court further explained that only where there is some genuine ambiguity after the claims have been construed "should the trial court have resorted to extrinsic evidence, such as expert testimony, in order to construe" the claims.22
Since Vitronics, many Federal Circuit decisions have taken a similarly strict position against extrinsic evidence.23 Indeed, many courts and litigants have viewed Vitronics as a complete ban on extrinsic evidence unless there is some ambiguity in the meaning of the claims in the intrinsic evidence.
Despite these cases, the Federal Circuit has attempted to soften the seemingly harsh stance taken by the Vitronics court on extrinsic evidence. Primarily, the Federal Circuit has indicated that trial courts may consider extrinsic evidence, such as expert testimony, even when the intrinsic evidence is sufficient to construe the claims. The extrinsic evidence must provide education and background information or be consistent with the intrinsic evidence.
For instance, in Key Pharmaceuticals v. Hercon Labs. Corp.,24 the Federal Circuit clarified its position on extrinsic evidence, distinguishing between using extrinsic evidence and hearing extrinsic evidence:
This court has made strong cautionary statements on the proper use of extrinsic evidence, see Vitronics Crop. v. Conceptronic, Inc., 90 F.3d 1576, 1583, 39 USPQ2d 1573, 1577 (Fed. Cir. 1996), which might be misread by some members of the bar as restricting a trial court's ability to hear such evidence. We intend no such thing. To the contrary, trial courts generally can hear expert testimony for background and education on the technology implicated by the presented claim construction issues, and trial courts have broad discretion in this regard.25
This court has made strong cautionary statements on the proper use of extrinsic evidence, see Vitronics Crop. v. Conceptronic, Inc., 90 F.3d 1576, 1583, 39 USPQ2d 1573, 1577 (Fed. Cir. 1996), which might be misread by some members of the bar as restricting a trial court's ability to hear such evidence. We intend no such thing. To the contrary, trial courts generally can hear expert testimony for background and education on the technology implicated by the presented claim construction issues, and trial courts have broad discretion in this regard.25
There, the court concluded that the intrinsic evidence was insufficient to establish the numerical range of amounts represented by the term "pharmaceutically effective amount" and found that the use of expert testimony and FDA standards to construe the term was entirely appropriate.26
Likewise, the court in Pitney Bowes, Inc. v. Hewlett-Packard Co.,27 distinguished between hearing extrinsic evidence and relying on extrinsic evidence.28 The Pitney Bowes court further explained that extrinsic evidence may be considered and used where it is consistent with the intrinsic evidence to ensure that the claim construction is correct. The court stated that, "under Vitronics, it is entirely appropriate, perhaps even preferable, for a court to consult trustworthy extrinsic evidence to ensure that the claim construction it is tending to from the patent file is not inconsistent with clearly expressed, plainly apposite, and widely held understandings in the pertinent technical field." Id. at 1309. The court said that this was true even where intrinsic evidence is unambiguous: "Although the patent file may often be sufficient to permit the judge to interpret the technical aspects of the patent properly, consultation of extrinsic evidence is particularly appropriate to ensure that his or her understanding of the technical aspects of the patent is not entirely at variance with the understanding of one skilled in the art." Id.
The full court in Cybor Corp. v. FAS Technologies, Inc.,29 explained that extrinsic evidence may properly be used "for the court's understanding of the patent."30 The court explained that it could provide "aid to the court in coming to a correct conclusion as to the true meaning of the language employed in the patent."31
More recently, the Federal Circuit again emphasized the educational value of extrinsic evidence. For instance, in AFG Indus., Inc. v. Cardinal IG Co.,32 the court stated that "we are reminded of the potential value of scientific testimony during claim construction hearings by the early statement of the Supreme Court that where the claims or specification 'contain technical terms or terms of art the court may hear the testimony of scientific witnesses to aid the court in coming to a correct conclusion.'"33 As a result, the court said that a district court errs when it ignores scientific testimony regarding how a claim term is understood in the art where that testimony corroborates the meaning adduced from the specification.34
Thus, it appears today that a complete ban on extrinsic evidence, even where there is no ambiguity, is not appropriate. Rather, the educational value of extrinsic evidence favors allowing its consideration even though it may not be used to construe the claims. In summary, extrinsic evidence may always be considered in order to provide background and understanding of the technology. Moreover, while extrinsic evidence may never be used to alter or change the meaning of a claim term, it can be used to construe the claims where the intrinsic evidence is ambiguous or where the extrinsic evidence is consistent with the intrinsic evidence.
Assuming that the court will consider hearing testimony as part of the process of claim construction, the question then becomes whether or not to use an expert. Most often, experts are used to explain technically complex subject matter and provide background information to aid the court. Commonly, the claims will use technical terms that are not explicitly defined in the specification but are otherwise understood by those skilled in the art. Without an understanding of the technology, the court would not even be able to interpret the words. An expert can show how those technical terms are properly interpreted in the relevant field. The same explanation from an attorney or even a technical dictionary or handbook may not carry the same weight.
While each side in a suit for patent infringement usually argues that the "plain meaning" of the claim language and the intrinsic evidence support its position, the patent claims and specification usually favor one position more. For example, there may be an ambiguity in the claim language that is not apparent from its "plain meaning." One side will argue "plain meaning" while the other will seek to have the court "interpret" the claim language. Since even ordinary words can be subject to different meanings in different contexts, an expert may be able to show that what seems apparent on its face is not really so clear.
There may other reasons to use experts as well. An obvious one is that the other side is going to use an expert. If the court does not exclude all expert testimony, the opponent's expert must be at least met with an equally qualified expert. Similarly, a truly outstanding expert may justify an attempt to have him or her testify at the Markman stage. The Markman hearing may be used as an opportunity to establish the expert's credentials and credibility in the eyes of the court before trial. Likewise, an expert witness, while not an advocate, may be used to sell the case to the court, for example, by establishing the technical merits and advantages of the invention. On the other side, the expert may be able to explain the background of the invention in such a way as to demonstrate that everything disclosed and claimed in the patent was already known, setting the stage for a future validity attack.
There are also some definite risks in using expert witnesses for claim construction. Most significantly, conflicting expert testimony may confuse the court or make the case unnecessarily complicated when it can be decided on much simpler grounds. Using expert witnesses necessarily makes the proceedings more complicated (and more expensive) when the court may not give the testimony any meaningful weight. Finally, the use of expert witnesses, no matter how good, entails some risk because they are human and under pressure. Placing the case in the hands of an expert means some loss of control and the risk that something will go wrong.
Indeed, if all the expert can do is read the intrinsic evidence and offer his or her opinion on claim construction, then the risk may not be worth it. If the intrinsic evidence is strong, and the "plain meaning" already favors the preferred claim construction, then the better strategy would likely be to try to prevent any experts from testifying.
In the end, the decision whether or not to use an expert witness in the process of claim construction is a difficult strategic call. The decision depends on many factors, from the strength of the expert to the strength of the case based on the intrinsic evidence. Even if the case would benefit from expert testimony, however, the most difficult hurdle may be convincing the court to hear it.
As discussed above, the Federal Circuit has not mandated any particular procedure that must be followed in claim-construction proceedings. The Federal Circuit has indicated that trial courts may consider extrinsic evidence, including expert testimony, for education and background, even where the intrinsic evidence is sufficient to construe the claims. If the trial court is not inclined to hear testimony at the Markman stage, however, then stressing its educational value will likely not be enough.
Rather, the most likely way to convince the court that it needs to hear expert testimony is to show the existence of technical terms in the claims that are not defined in the patent specification. Faced with a choice between competing definitions of technical terms, where the answers are not readily supplied by the intrinsic evidence, the court may be willing to turn to outside help. Of course, this may also require convincing the court that seemingly ordinary claim terms in fact have a technical meaning in the particular field.
Moreover, to convince the court to hear expert testimony, one must provide an expert who has the right technical expertise to assist the court.
Fed. R. Evid. 702 provides for testimony by experts: "If scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue, a witness qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education, may testify thereto in the form of an opinion or otherwise." Thus, as a threshold matter, any expert must have "scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge" that will assist the court. In this respect, it is most important that the expert have the right technical background for the subject matter at issue. Although many experts may be able to explain the technology adequately, if the expert is going to testify about particular meanings of a technical term, he or she must be qualified in the relevant technical field.
In selecting an expert for issues of claim construction, academic credentials are not always paramount. Under Rule 702, expertise may come from "knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education," so advanced degrees are not mandatory. While academic credentials may impress a jury, a court is more likely to believe an expert who can explain things simply and can back up his or her opinions.
Occasionally, a plaintiff-patentee uses the inventor of the patent-in-suit as a claim-construction witness. After all, the inventor obviously has experience in the relevant field. And who better to explain what is meant in the patent?
In reality, inventor testimony is so strongly disfavored by the courts that it is almost not worth putting on at a Markman hearing. Among the types of extrinsic evidence available, inventor testimony is the least persuasive. It is seen as inherently biased and not deserving of much weight. An independent technical expert, if affordable, is always better than the inventor. If the Markman hearing is going to be an extended proceeding with multiple witnesses-which is a rare occurrence these days-the inventor may provide useful background information if there will also be an independent technical expert.
Whoever is selected to testify, an expert witness should be used to make the case more understandable by making it simpler. Often times, expert "tutorials" on the technology provide so much information that only a portion can be readily absorbed and comprehended. With experts, less is more. The temptation for most experts will be to provide more information, believing that if they explain more, then comprehension will increase. Rather, an expert's testimony should be focused only on the critical areas necessary to decide the case, not on a complete review of the history of the technology.
To bolster credibility, the expert should rely on more than opinion. Other sources, particularly written materials, should back up the opinion. Textbooks, handbooks, and technical dictionaries can be used to lend weight and credibility to the expert's views.
In this respect, make sure that any testimony offered by the expert will stand up to a challenge under Daubert v. Merrill Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,35 Daubert challenges, in brief, are challenges to the admissibility of expert testimony based on Fed. R. Evid. 702. Daubert applies to "technical or other specialized knowledge" under Rule 702 as well as "scientific" knowledge.36 Under Daubert, proposed expert testimony is subjected to analysis of four factors: (1) Was it subjected to peer-review publication? (2) Does it have a known or knowable error rate? (3) Is it generally accepted in the relevant scientific field? and (4) Has it been tested or is it testable? Although these factors do not all necessarily apply to the type of expert testimony that will be offered for claim construction, external indicators of reliability, such as those provided by textbooks and handbooks, may be needed to meet a challenge under Daubert. Moreover, expert testimony that is at odds with the intrinsic evidence will be automatically rejected as well.
Thus, it is critical that the expert testify consistently with the intrinsic evidence. This does not mean that the expert should simply read the patent and its prosecution history and give the court an opinion on how the claims should be interpreted. Indeed, such testimony could be seen as usurping the court's role. As with any expert, prior writings and testimony should be carefully reviewed to make sure that there are no surprises.
In actually presenting the testimony, the expert should take full advantage of available presentation technology. Some of the most helpful information may come from seeing a live demonstration or a video tape of the patented invention in use or operation. Computer animation and graphics can be used to explain complex scientific principles. Again, care should be taken to avoid overloading the court with information. The goal is to simplify the issues in a way that makes the position taken seem logical and inevitable.
Occasionally, the court will not want to hear testimony from the parties' experts. Rather than witnessing a "battle of the experts," where the parties advance their positions through their hired experts, the court will turn to a neutral technical expert.
Some courts have taken the consideration of extrinsic evidence in connection with claim construction even further by appointing technical advisors under Fed. R. Evid 706. The courts appointing these experts have cited the desire to obtain background and education into the technology from an independent source.37
One court extolled the virtues of using a court-appointed expert in connection with claim construction, stating that the court "learned more technical data in a 45-minute discussion with [the court-appointed expert] than I would have learned in two days of formal testimony" and that the "efficacy of the process can not be overstated."38 The court explained that it was not denigrating cross examination, but said that "fair cross presumes an understanding of the data examined. In recondite fields of scientific endeavor, however, my understanding is deficient and I need help-much like the help one gets from a law clerk in a recondite field of law."39 The court was careful to note, however, that it drew its own independent conclusions.
In contrast, at the May 2001 Federal Circuit Bench and Bar Conference, with a single exception, a panel of district court judges questioned the value of court-appointed technical experts under Rule 706, stating that they were often not helpful, particularly where a dialog could not be had between the judge and the expert. One judge opined that counsel must do a good job teaching their own experts how to teach the judge because the judge found the explanations of the parties' experts much more understandable than those of the court-appointed expert.
The procedures followed by district courts in construing patent claims will continue to evolve. Although the trend in many courts is away from conducting Markman hearings with live testimony, expert witnesses can and should continue to play a role in claim construction for some cases. Both lawyers and judges should consider using an expert to explain complex technology or when the claims contain technical terms. But experts must still be used cautiously, and with regard to their proper role, so that the court not only arrives at the correct claim construction but also does so in the right way.
Endnotes1 517 U.S. 370 (1996).2 Id. at 372.3 See Patent LR 4-1 to 4-6 (N.D. Cal. 2000); Fakespace Labs v. Robinson, 2000 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17678, *3 (N.D. Cal. 2000) ("At the same time, Fakespace also filed motions for summary judgment of no infringement and invalidity. These motions were premature under this district's local patent rules, which contemplate that a Markman hearing will precede motions for summary judgment."). 4 See Precision Shooting Equipment, Inc. v. High Country Archery, 1 F. Supp. 2d 1041, 1042 (D. Ariz. 1998) (using the Northern District of California rules "as a guide . . . except to the extent that they allow extrinsic evidence to be used at variance with Markman.").5 974 F. Supp. 171 (N.D.N.Y. 1997).6 Id. at 180.7 Id. at 181 (citations omitted).8 Id.9 In a nonprecedential opinion, and without commenting on the propriety of the Markman procedure employed by the district court, the Federal Circuit reversed the denial of the defendant's JMOL motion, stating that "the accused device was within the prior art." LRC Electronics, Inc. v. John Mezzalingua Assocs., Inc., 1999 U.S. App. LEXIS 10847, at *9 (Fed Cir. 1999).10 47 U.S.P.Q.2d 1797 (S.D.N.Y. 1998).11 Id. at 1797 n.3. The Federal Circuit, again without commenting on the propriety of the Markman procedure employed by the district court, vacated the decision below, holding that the district court's "claim construction impermissibly read limitations from the specification into each of the five disputed claim limitations." Interactive Gift Express, Inc. v. Compuserve Inc., 231 F.3d 859, 866 (Fed. Cir. 2000).12 135 F. Supp. 2d 805 (D. Mich. 2001).13 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 2088, *5 (N.D. Tex. 2001).14 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 6017 (N.D. Cal. 1998).15 Id. at *9.16 Markman, 52 F.3d at 980.17 Id. at 980 (quoting Seymour v. Osbourne, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 516, 546 (1871)).18 Id. at 981.19 90 F.3d 1576 (Fed. Cir. 1996).20 Id. at 1583.21 Id. at 1584.22 See, e.g., Interactive Gift Express, Inc. v. CompuServe, Inc., 231 F.3d 859, 867 (Fed. Cir. 2000) ("Given the lack of ambiguity in the intrinsic evidence, it would be improper to address any of the parties' arguments relating to extrinsic evidence . . . ."); Suntiger, Inc. v. Scientific Research Funding Group., 189 F.3d 1327, 1335-36 (Fed. Cir. 2000) (stating that, because the patent left no real doubt regarding the proper claim construction, there was no need for and it would be improper for the court to rely on extrinsic evidence); Digital Biometrics, Inc. v. Identix, Inc., 149 F.3d 1335, 1344 (Fed. Cir. 1998) (stating that, if the claim is clear in view of the intrinsic evidence, resort to extrinsic evidence should not be necessary).23 161 F.3d 709, 716-17 (Fed. Cir. 1998).24 161 F.3d at 716.25 Id. at 717 (emphasis added).26 182 F.3d 1298 (Fed. Cir. 1999).27 Id. at 1308.28 138 F.3d 1448 (Fed. Cir. 1998) (en banc).29 Id. at 1454 n.3.30 Id.31 239 F.3d 1239 (Fed. Cir. 2001).32 Id. at 1249 (quoting Seymour v. Osborne, 78 U.S. (11 Wall.) 516, 546 (1870)).33 239 F.3d at 1249; see also Mantech Envtl. Corp. v. Hudson Envtl. Servs., Inc., 152 F.3d 1368, 1373 (Fed. Cir. 1998) (stating that it was "legally correct" for district court to admit extrinsic evidence in the form of expert testimony in a Markman hearing regarding how one of ordinary skill in the art would interpret a claim term but then using the extrinsic evidence solely as background and basing its construction solely on intrinsic evidence).34 509 U.S. 579 (1993).35 Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael, 526 U.S. 137 (1999).36 See, e.g., Genentech, Inc. v. Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 989 F. Supp. 359 (D. Mass. 1997) (considering the testimony of a court appointed expert on claim construction); Rohm & Haas Co. v. Lonza, 1998 WL 97855, at *9 n.1 (E.D. Pa. Feb. 11, 1998) (using a court apportioned expert to assist the court in understanding the scientific and technical matters in connection with claim construction); Amgen Inc. v. Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc., 126 F. Supp.2d 69, 78 & n.3 (D. Mass. 2001) (discussing the court's use of an independent technical expert to provide background information as part of deciding claim construction issues).37 MediaCom Corp. v. Rates Tech., Inc., 34 F. Supp. 2d 76, 78 n.1 (D. Mass. 1998).38 Id.39 Id.
Copyright © Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, LLP. This article is for informational purposes and is not intended to constitute legal advice. This memorandum may be considered advertising under applicable state laws.
Copyright © Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner, LLP. This article is for informational purposes and is not intended to constitute legal advice. This memorandum may be considered advertising under applicable state laws.


text:
New radar praised at Johnstown
A squadron based at the John Murtha Airport in Johnstown has become the most used air traffic control unit in the Air National Guard thanks to a new radar system, officials said.
The Radar Approach Control, or RAPCON, system went operational on May 5 when the 258th Air Traffic Control Squadron took over some airspace from the Cleveland Center.
The number of flights controlled by the 258th from the John Murtha Airport in Johnstown is expected to increase. The unit typically handles about 7,000 flights per month. Officials project that by the end of the year, the unit will handle air traffic control for 80,000 flights.
The new radar system, with improved lower-altitude radar coverage and better weather tracking, will enhance flight safety for military and civilian planes and seven regional airports, officials said.
"We are the only unit in the whole Air Force that has every piece of equipment out there," said Maj. Joe Hensley, 258th commander. "We are very unique in that we are the only unit that has a fixed tower, a mobile tower, a fixed radar and a mobile radar."
About 50 members of the 258th who were deployed for Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom during the past year returned home on Saturday to an awards ceremony.
The squadron went through nine years of preparation before implementing RAPCON.
"The 258th is a class act in every level of this organization. It's about morale and passion, and you see that here. You see the enthusiasm and the passion here," said Scott Duke, who was lead inspector for a National Guard commissioning certification inspection that was conducted in April.
The 258th Air Traffic Control Squadron is attached to the Pennsylvania Air National Guard's 171st Air Refueling Wing, based in Coraopolis, and handles military and civilian air traffic at 8,000 feet and below, said 1st Lt. Chris Preffer, spokesman for the 171st.
"It's not a civilian-operated tower," he said. "There are a few of them in the country."
The Johnstown airport offers an alternate operating location for Pittsburgh-based refueling aircraft and Harrisburg-based aircraft should their home bases become unusable.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Colin Firth's much anticipated new movie, The King's Speech, has just been slapped with an R rating because of some hard language and the actor isn't too pleased about it. Firth has an outburst of profanity during a pivotal scene in the British film, which tells the real-life story of King George VI's efforts to conquer a disabling stutter.
Firth says he doesn't mind the language, and the R rating will prevent kids from ages 13-18 from seeing an important film. "As a father of small children, the context I would like to keep them away from is when it (the 'f' word) is casually used," he said, speaking of his two sons, Luca, 9, and Matteo, 7. "I find that almost as disturbing. I love football and I take them but I have to wrestle with myself because what they hear there would make a sailor blush.
"I don't relish those words or my children hearing them, so I'm not judging people who don't like the words… But, in the film, it isn't used in a vicious, sexual way."
But Firth makes it clear it's the parents' choice. "I'm not saying, 'Bring your kids to hear the F-word.' If people don't want their kids to hear that, it's their right."


text:
Contrasto Armonico is an "ANBI" cultural foundation which needs your help to realise its projects.
If you wish to give your contribution to our initiatives, especially by supporting our Handel Complete Cantata project, please follow the steps below.
Regular donation
Ask your lawyer or notary to draw up a Deed of Gift in which you undertake to donate a fixed amount to Stichting Contrasto Armonico at regular intervals for a period of at least five years. These gifts are tax deductible in the Netherlands.
Single gifts
Subject to certain conditions, single gifts may also be tax deductible. For details contact your tax adviser, since the exact arrangements depend upon such factors as your income.
Donations should be made to:
Name: Stichting Contrasto Armonico | City: Rotterdam (The Netherlands)
ABN-AMRO | Account nr: 54.57.06.688
Deed of Gift arrangements and tax relief on donations may vary for non-residents of the Netherlands. Consult your solicitor or tax adviser for details.
Don't hesitate to contact us for any question regarding donations!
List of persons and organizations who sponsor Contrasto Armonico's projects:
Fabrizio Acanfora, early keyboard instruments | www.fabrizioacanfora.com
SICA, Dutch Center for Culture and Arts | www.sica.nl
Royal Netherlands Embassy in Damascus | syria.nlembassy.org
Muziek Centrum Netherlands | www.mcn.nl


text: The language of images speaks with an effectiveness unmatched by statistics: The news that millions of African children die of AIDS each year can shock without hardening the loss into reality. But images can also be abused. Consider the famine-relief appeals that run in perpetuity on cable, spots that, however well-intentioned, reduce another African crisis to a string of horrific images that quickly desensitize their intended audience and drain the humanity from those they seek to help. Commissioned by the U.N.'s International Fund for Agricultural Development to cover the activities of the UWESO (Uganda Women's Efforts to Save Orphans), Iranian director Abbas Kiarostami finds plenty of horror in his documentary ABC Africa. But he also recognizes that the horror has no meaning without context, so beyond giving a human face to Uganda's crises, Kiarostami attempts to capture the actual place, a swirl of contradictions as vibrant and beautiful as it is troubled. Shot verité style using digital video, the film takes an unassuming approach that gives it much of its power. Newcomers to Africa, the director and cameraman Seyfolah Samadian don't attempt to disguise their inexperience. From the opening car ride (a Kiarostami trademark carried over from his narrative films), the film is compelled by their eagerness to explore their new surroundings, in spite of the unpleasantness of their ultimate task. Kiarostami was chosen for his extensive experience working with children, his near-exclusive subject for years, so it's unsurprising that ABC Africa features many shots of rural Ugandan youths mugging, smiling, and singing for the camera. It may seem inconsequential at first, but Kiarostami's later journey to a health clinic forced to use a disassembled cardboard box as a stretcher for a small corpse casts what's come before in a new light. Little but luck separates the living and the dead, and in Uganda, luck is in short supply. Meandering from one episode to another, Kiarostami further helps convey the scale of the country's ills. This crisis is ongoing, not a single, easily filmed dramatic event. Kiarostami never tries to hide the fact that he and his crew can only convey impressions, but ABC Africa finds impressions strong enough to last a lifetime.


text:
NEARLY three months have passed since James Magnussen dragged himself from the pool at the London Olympics and slumped, head in hands in disbelief, in a chair behind the Australian 4x100metres freestyle team's block. His sub-par opening leg had left the unbackable favourites on the back foot and there would be no coming back, with France claiming a dramatic victory and Australia, incomprehensibly, missing a medal.
The 21-year-old would go on to be denied gold narrowly in the individual 100m freestyle and then collect a bronze anchoring the men's 4x100m medley relay, but it was not the kind of medal haul the world champion had in mind when he strutted into the athletes village in late July.
As it turned out, that was only the beginning of the drama. After Australia drifted to its worst showing in an Olympic pool for 20 years, allegations of disharmony, harassment and favouritism would be levelled, and Magnussen and his 4x100m freestyle colleagues were right in the firing line.
Here, the swimmer dubbed ''the Missile'' discusses the pre-Games ''bonding night'' at the centre of the controversy, reveals his sleepless nights and battle to cope with the pressure of being a raging Olympic favourite and sets his sights on Rio de Janeiro with plenty of lessons learnt.
The pranks
Magnussen admits his involvement in prank-calling teammates and banging on their room doors late at night but says the furore over misbehaviour in the pre-Games camp in Manchester was ''blown way out of proportion''. He also rejects suggestions that the actions of the men's 4x100m freestyle squad affected team cohesion.
''Obviously what we did was silly. We made mistakes. Would I do it again, in light of the repercussions? No, I wouldn't do it again but I certainly don't think it was as big of a deal as people made out,'' said Magnussen, who was speaking yesterday as an ambassador for his sponsor, Subway. ''It was schoolboy stuff, it was nothing malicious, nobody was targeted, there was certainly no bullying or anything along those lines.''
He believes the members of that relay team have been unfairly cast as villains. ''I think the position that we were in, going in as favourites - people often use the term 'pin-ups' of the swim team - we were obvious targets,'' he said. ''When people want to talk about what went wrong, our names come up first. But we were definitely targets. I certainly don't think the blame lies solely there. I think in some ways we've been targeted unfairly. I think had we pulled it off everyone would be praising us right now about how well we did.''
Magnussen would not confirm or deny knowledge that the sleeping pill Stilnox, banned for London by Australian officials, was part of an initiation exercise at the camp, because of a pending inquiry by the former federal sports minister Warwick Smith.
The 'big head'
The undisputed star of Australia's swimming contingent leading into London, Magnussen was, after the meeting unravelled, fingered also for being arrogant and aloof from many teammates. Specifically, there were claims that he did not feel the need to attend team meetings and that he did not want to sit poolside to watch other Australian swimmers compete. ''At no stage did either of those occur,'' Magnussen said. ''The one thing with the team meetings that has been brought up is that I wasn't at the team induction. I had media commitments that day so it was not my choice. I did a team induction the next day with the synchro swimming girls and some of the judo guys.
''As far as not going out to watch the other swimmers, I swam on every night, bar two, and those two nights that I wasn't swimming I was in the crowd watching. I find it quite damning for people to say that when I felt I supported the team to the best of my abilities.''
The pressure
Magnussen concedes he was mentally drained by the eve of the Olympics, with so much attention on how he would perform. Critics would argue that he brought that on himself by flexing his muscles literally and figuratively ahead of the Games. On reflection, Magnussen knows publicly telling his rivals to ''brace themselves'' probably did not do him any favours but he believed what he was saying.
''There was a lot of hype, a lot of pressure, a lot of expectations and that is something that I struggled coping with for the first time. I think in some cases I maybe overcompensated with my confidence and that in turn put more pressure on me again,'' he said.
''[But] I was honest with the media and I hope that's something people can relate to. If I've just come off winning a world championships, I'm not going to say coming into an Olympic preparation that I'm aiming for a silver medal. I was honest - I was aiming for gold. In saying that, the media paints a certain picture of someone. I can do a half-hour long interview and the one thing that will come out of it is that I think I'm going to win.''
The relay
Australia's flop of the Games set the tone for overall disappointment in the London pool. While Eamon Sullivan and Matt Targett swam respectable splits, the poor lead-off and anchor legs swum by Magnussen and James Roberts respectively left them fourth. Magnussen is happy to take his share of the blame, admitting his priorities were out of sync. ''I went out in that race chasing a world record and didn't stick to my race plan and didn't swim the race that I had envisioned,'' he said. ''I think in the days leading up to that I really started feeling the pressure. I started losing sleep over it. I think it got to me. By the time I stepped up on the blocks for that relay I was pretty tired, and I think it showed.''
Magnussen denies the relay team members thought they were a lay down misere for gold but acknowledges they may have started to read their own press. ''People were calling us 'Weapons of Mass Destruction' - that stuff is tough to read and to not believe,'' he said. ''But I felt like we went into it with high expectations but certainly at no stage did we think we were unbeatable and certainly at no stage did we start calling ourselves Weapons of Mass Destruction. It just didn't go the way we envisioned.''
The Stilnox debate
Would Australian swimmers have fared better had Stilnox not been banned from use by Australian athletes in London only three weeks before the Games? We will never quite know but for Magnussen, who spent hours lying awake in the village, he suspects it might have helped.
''Had it been available to us, yeah I probably would have used it,'' he said. ''Did it affect my performance? Well, possibly. But then again there is side effects of sleeping tablets, they can give you a bit of a hangover the next day. I couldn't sleep before my races but that would have been a choice that my coach and I would have had to weigh up.''
The team
Magnussen travelled to Brazil for a holiday after London with other swimmers and says he has made great friends on the Australian team. Yet he admits they are a group in a ''transitional'' phase and in London missed the input and direction that several key and experienced members of previous teams could have provided to bring the party closer together. ''We're taught to be cutthroat towards our competitors then all of a sudden you're sitting in a dining table next to your competitor. It is a tough transition,'' he said. ''I personally try really hard to get to know as many people on the team as I can and be as welcoming as I can. I'm still a young member of the team, so I'm in no way a leader of the team.
''The toughest thing about the team this year … throughout the 2000, 2004, 2008 Olympics you had a core group of guys like Grant Hackett, Ian Thorpe and Leisel Jones who went through those Olympics and knew what it took and knew how to unify a team. This year, for a lot of people, it was their first Olympics. For a lot of people it was their first team altogether.''
The road to Rio
Back in full training after a break of six weeks following London, Magnussen's next major goal is defending his title at the world championships in Barcelona next year. He intends to head abroad before then to build on the education he received in his first Games outing.
''I'd really like to get overseas this year and do a lot of racing around Europe and just get as much experience under my belt as I can under the next three years leading into the next Olympics. That was something that in hindsight I was lacking a little going into London,'' he said.
''Hopefully the swimmers who were there for the London Olympics have learnt a lot. Guys like myself went in quite naive and with
all this pressure on us and have come out better swimmers, better people and that will certainly be a weapon that I'll use both to motivate me and to use as a weapon moving towards Rio.''


text:
MONTREAL (Nov. 14)
A total of $14,367,482 was raised this year by the 1967 Combined Jewish Appeal of Montreal and the Israel Welfare Emergency Fund, it was reported here by campaign chairman Arthur Rudnikoff. He said $10,000,701 was raised for the emergency fund, and $4,336,751 for the regular campaign. In the 1966 campaign, the CJA raised $4,325,000.
Montreal was the only major North American Jewish community to conduct its 1967 regular and emergency campaigns at the same time, although separate cards were used. The Israel crisis erupted only two months before preliminary solicitation in the regular drive was scheduled to begin, and fund-raising leaders decided to run the two drives simultaneously.
Samuel Bronfman, honorary president of the Allied Jewish Community Services and honorary chairman of the CJA, who initiated the emergency fund in Canada, was honored for his fund-raising efforts. The Michael Hirsch Memorial Award for outstanding campaigning was awarded to five past chairmen who served as a special advisory committee – Allan Bronfman, Gordon Brown, Jacob M. Lowy, Henry Blatt and Arthur Pascal.
Alvin Bronstein, executive director of AJCS and CJA, said that the community came through the summer crisis with "flying colors," and that "the unified action of this year must now be our pattern for the future."


text:
Trinity Lake Resorts and Marina is your chance to slow down, take a houseboat and enjoy the lake or relax among the pines in one of their comfortable, rustic cabins. Near the Shasta-Trinity National Forest and its outstanding hiking, the resort is hidden in a cove and awaits you for excellent trout or kokanee salmon fishing. It's also an ideal base for family and houseboat getaways, with a kids waterslide and a variety of large houseboats, personal watercraft, and much more.
- Wifi
- Restaurant Onsite
- Pets Allowed
- Property Size N/A
- Conference Facility
- Kids Allowed
- Nearby City Redding
- Nearby Water Trinity Lake
- Open Dates All Year
The popularity of springtime bass fishing on Trinity is well-known by northern California locals. Rainbow trout can be found throughout the year and as summer warms the waters.
Trinity Lake boasts unparalleled water sports opportunity - from world-class trout and bass fishing, to miles of smooth blue water perfect for boating, skiing and boarding.
Nearest Airports
- Benton Field (BZF) / 31 miles
- Redding Municipal Airport (RDD) / 38.6 miles
- Montague-Yreka Rohrer Field (RKC) / 62.9 miles
* Not all airports listed here may be open to public use, or service commercial flights


text:
Definition of insurrectionist
n. - One who favors, or takes part in, insurrection; an insurgent. 2
The word "insurrectionist" uses 15 letters: C E I I I N N O R R S S T T U.
No direct anagrams for insurrectionist found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after insurrectionist (in bold), or to ceiiinnorrssttu in any order:
s - insurrectionists
List all words starting with insurrectionist, words containing insurrectionist or words ending with insurrectionist
All words formed from insurrectionist by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: in ns su ur rr re ec ct ti io on ni is st
Browse words starting with insurrectionist by next letter
Previous word in list: insurrectionary
Next word in list: insurrectionists
Some random words: cubic usquabae nth lwei degeneracies gingal tav
This is not a dictionary, it's a word game wordfinder.
- Help and FAQ - Examples - Home
Privacy and Cookies Policy - Share - © Copyright 2004-2017 Morewords.com - 8.718mS


text:
Make your Own Festive Santa Sacks
Add a thoughtful touch to this year's present pile with handmade Christmas sacks
Sick of the same old shop-bought stockings? Why not pile up this year's present stash into thoughtful, handmade Christmas sacks, to add your own personal stamp?
You will need
- Bondaweb
- oddments of cotton fabrics
- pinking shears glue
- sewing thread
- selection of ribbon and buttons for tree
- 2 rectangles of cotton fabric 80cm x 60cm for sack
- 2 rectangles of cotton fabric 80cm x 60cm for lining
How to make your own Christmas sacks
1. Draw a Christmas tree motif about 40cm tall and a pot about 10cm tall, or 'Noel' letters about 20cm tall.
2. Trace onto the paper side of Bondaweb – the 'Noel' letters must be in reverse.
3. Iron the Bondaweb to the wrong side of the fabric oddments and cut out, using pinking shears.
4. Peel off the backing paper and iron onto the front of one fabric rectangle.
5. Glue or sew a ribbon bow and colourful buttons to the Christmas tree shape.
To make the sacks
1. With right sides together, pin and stitch the two sack sections together at the sides and lower edge. Repeat for the lining.
2. Press 1.5cm onto the wrong side around the top of both the sack and the lining.
3. With the sack right side out and lining wrong side out, insert the lining into the sack.
4. Pin and stitch the two pieces together around the top edge.
More festive-themed fun? We've got heaps more Christmas craft projects to try. From dainty handmade tree decorations to personalised Christmas crackers, we've got all the craft inspiration you need to make this year's handmade Christmas one to remember.


text:
Hello friends,
the next release of UltraDefrag (v6.0.0 RC1) is on the horizon and we have added some more strings to be translated.
Find a brief list of translation changes at http://ultradefrag.wikispaces.com/Change+Log
Find the current translation report at http://ultradefrag.wikispaces.com/Translation+Report
You do not need to be a member of the wiki nor of wikispaces to be able to update an existing translation.
Thanks in advance for your continuous support.
Stefan Pendl
UltraDefrag Maintainer
Log in to post a comment.


text:
SUMMER BODIES ARE EARNED IN THE WINTER (ED.8)! 7 Apr 2014
I'm SO proud to feature Lither Judy U. today in Ed. 8 of our Earned in Winter series. Judy has come a long way (she has lost over 100 lbs!). I know that you'll really enjoy reading this.
« FIT.HIP.FRIDAY GIVEAWAY! | Main | WHAT'S (NEW) IN THE FRIDGE? »
I'm SO proud to feature Lither Judy U. today in Ed. 8 of our Earned in Winter series. Judy has come a long way (she has lost over 100 lbs!). I know that you'll really enjoy reading this.
You can follow this conversation by subscribing to the comment feed for this post.
You really are an inspiration. You are consistently a pleasure whenever I see you in the studio. Got to take my first class with you over the weekend, and getting a wink from you in the mirror during Sleeveless 2.0's hip pops made my LIFE. Your positive attitude and amazingly witty sense of humor are truly refreshing, and this post is the perfect representation of everything you're about. Seriously love you, mama! Keep up the amazing work. (Oh, and I'm totes diggin your luscious locks in that pic! Serving Farrah Fawcett realness. :P )
This is making me cry tears of happiness way too early in the morning! What an amazing story. Cheers to you, Judy!
Bravo, Judy! I love how you've really fought for what you've earned and your perspective is awesome, especially on what's realistic (while maintaining a successful, busy career). Too many times, people try to aim for the un achievable, but this is real life!! Keep on doing what you're doing - you're an inspiration (enough that I'm going to get my lapsed Lithe self on mind body right now to sign up for a class).
Judy you rock. Thank you so much for sharing with us!
The amount of inspiration and positive energy in this post is contagious! It makes me want to forget about any little thing that is bothering me and just put on a smile! You are amazing!
Thank you for speaking out about how long it takes for your body to catch up with a mental change in habit - and showing the badges of pride that remind you how far you've come. Lithe has completely changed the way I think about my body, and being part of my community where we are working towards our healthiest selves is what keeps me in class every day. Thank you for sharing your journey so far, and I hope to cross your path in the studio soon to meet you in person. Rock on!
Excellent job. Outstanding. WELL DONE!
This is amazing! So much positive energy! Thank you for sharing! If you're not a life coach/ inspirational speaker, you might be in the wrong occupation.
Great post!
Love this!
Keep up the great work!
Rock on girl - I'm a Lithe admirer from afar (hi Lithe, come to DC!), but everything you have said is worth celebrating. Congratulations on all you have accomplished, and I am sure that you have inspired more than a few people today - myself included!
Terrific Post! Good luck on your continued success!
Great post! I love your approach to health! Balance is key!
My favorite of all the Earned in Winter Series. Wasn't expecting to cry this morning! You are an inspiration, Judy.
SOO awesome Judy!!!
Absolutely amazing!!
Definitely almost cried. You are amazing and I'm incredibly impressed with the way you're able to express your exercise journey. Keep it up! Lauren BG- this is a great feature and I'm proud to be part of a community that celebrates ALL bodies!
Judy I am so proud of you and all of your hard work! You are an absolute inspiration. I didn't think I would start my Monday out with some tears of happiness but thanks to you I did. Your positive energy is contagious. Every time you walk into the studio it gets a little brighter! Thank you for sharing your story. You are amazing! Keep on rockin it!
Wow--not only do you have an amazing attitude and ability to stick to your goals (healthy living is marathon not a sprint!), you are such a powerful and hilarious writer. LOVED this--thank you so much!
The comments to this entry are closed.
All imagery and montages on this blog are created solely for Lithe Method® and the Fithiphealthy® blog. Our photos are not stock photos. The women that you see on our site are Lithe Instructors and Lithe clients. We ask that you do not copy or use our imagery or our montages without permission and all photos must also be credited and linked to our original post.
We love reader comments, but all inappropriate comments, self-promotional spam, or other items unrelated to the post will be deleted.
Lithe Method®, FitHipHealthy®, We Heart Your Heart®, Higher Power Band System®, Lithe Foods® and Lithe Wear® are registered trademarks of Lithe®, Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
Maxalt Side Effects
Generic Name: rizatriptan
Note: This page contains information about the side effects of rizatriptan. Some of the dosage forms included on this document may not apply to the brand name Maxalt.
In Summary
More frequent side effects include: asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, paresthesia, and nausea. See below for a comprehensive list of adverse effects.
For the Consumer
Applies to rizatriptan: oral tablet, oral tablet disintegrating
In addition to its needed effects, some unwanted effects may be caused by rizatriptan (the active ingredient contained in Maxalt). In the event that any of these side effects do occur, they may require medical attention.
Major Side Effects
You should check with your doctor immediately if any of these side effects occur when taking rizatriptan:More common:
- Chest pain
- heaviness, tightness, or pressure in the chest and/or neck
- pounding heartbeat
- sensation of burning, warmth, heat, numbness, tightness, or tingling
- shortness of breath
- Burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles", or tingling feelings
- increased heartbeat
- irregular heartbeat
- pain, tightness, or pressure in the neck, jaw, or throat
- slow heartbeat
Minor Side Effects
Some of the side effects that can occur with rizatriptan may not need medical attention. As your body adjusts to the medicine during treatment these side effects may go away. Your health care professional may also be able to tell you about ways to reduce or prevent some of these side effects. If any of the following side effects continue, are bothersome or if you have any questions about them, check with your health care professional:More common:
- Dizziness
- dry mouth
- hot flashes
- lack or loss of strength
- nausea or vomiting
- sleepiness or unusual drowsiness
- unusual tiredness or weakness
- Agitation
- anxiety
- blurred vision
- chills
- confusion
- constipation
- depression
- diarrhea
- difficulty with swallowing
- dry eyes
- eye irritation
- feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
- gas
- headache
- heartburn
- heat sensitivity
- inability to sleep
- increased sweating
- increased thirst
- irritability
- itching of the skin
- muscle or joint stiffness, tightness, or rigidity
- muscle pain or spasms
- ringing or buzzing in the ears
- sudden, large increase in the frequency or quantity of urine
- trembling of the hands or feet
- unusual feeling of well-being
- warm or cold sensations
For Healthcare Professionals
Applies to rizatriptan: oral tablet, oral tablet disintegrating
The most commonly reported adverse reactions include pain/pressure sensation, asthenia/fatigue, somnolence, and dizziness.[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Palpitation, chest pain (tightness/pressure and/or heaviness), flushing
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Tachycardia, cold extremities, bradycardia, arrhythmia, ECG abnormalities
Rare (less than 0.1%): Syncope, edema/swelling
Frequency not reported: Acute myocardial infarction, blood pressure elevations
Postmarketing reports: Peripheral vascular ischemia[Ref]
Rarely, patients with and without a history of hypertension have experienced significant blood pressure elevations including hypertensive crisis with the use of triptans including this drug. Increases of approximately 2 to 3 mmHg have been observed in healthy subjects receiving 10 mg of this drug every 2 hours for 3 doses.[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Dry mouth, nausea
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Vomiting, diarrhea, dyspepsia, tongue edema, abdominal distention, thirst
Frequency not reported: Ischemic colitis[Ref]
Nervous system
Very common (10% or more): Dizziness (14%)
Common (1% to 10%): Paresthesia, headache, somnolence, tremor
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Vertigo, confusion/disorientation, gait abnormality, memory impairment, abnormal coordination
Frequency not reported: Serotonin syndrome
Postmarketing reports: Seizure, dysgeusia[Ref]
Postmarketing reports: Allergic conditions including anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reaction, angioedema, wheezing, and toxic epidermal necrolysis[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Asthenia/fatigue, neck/throat/jaw pain/tightness/pressure, warm sensation
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Tinnitus
Rare (less than 0.1%): Hypoacusis[Ref]
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Facial edema, sweating, pruritus, rash, urticaria
Rare (less than 0.1%): Erythema
Frequency not reported: Toxic epidermal necrolysis[Ref]
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Muscle weakness, stiffness, myalgia, muscle cramp/spasm
Postmarketing reports: Facial pain[Ref]
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Blurred vision
Rare (less than 0.1%): Eye swelling[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Euphoria, insomnia
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Agitation, hallucination[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Dyspnea
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Pharyngeal edema[Ref]
1. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." O 0
2. "Product Information. Maxalt (rizatriptan)." Merck & Co, Inc, West Point, PA.
3. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics." O 0
Not all side effects for Maxalt may be reported. You should always consult a doctor or healthcare professional for medical advice. Side effects can be reported to the FDA here.
More about Maxalt (rizatriptan)
- Side Effects
- During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding
- Dosage Information
- Drug Images
- Drug Interactions
- Support Group
- Pricing & Coupons
- En Español
- 94 Reviews – Add your own review/rating
- Generic Availability
- Drug class: antimigraine agents
Consumer resources
Professional resources
Other Formulations
Related treatment guides
Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided is accurate, up-to-date and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. In addition, the drug information contained herein may be time sensitive and should not be utilized as a reference resource beyond the date hereof. This material does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients, or recommend therapy. This information is a reference resource designed as supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill , knowledge, and judgement of healthcare practitioners in patient care. The absence of a warning for a given drug or combination thereof in no way should be construed to indicate safety, effectiveness, or appropriateness for any given patient. Drugs.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of materials provided. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the substances you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist.


text:
"Cool" is not the environment that academic scholars at Georgia Health Sciences University are seeking. It is the congruence of three words.
Relevance: How does the mission of GHSU fit with my talents, goals and career future?
Potential: What is the infrastructure health of the school system that will offer my children the ground substance to excel in their career goals?
Environment: Is the community defined by quiet, well-manicured, safe homes, in reach of state-of-the-art markets, houses of worship and recreation?
In a phrase: Is the workplace and community generationally nurturing?


text: Our Mission To develop intercultural competencies that foster effective global citizenship and Christian witness through study and sustained, meaningful engagement with others in a manner that reflects the love, humility, empathy, and servanthood of Jesus Christ. Initiatives advancing Global and Experiential Learning at Wheaton College: Global Study Programs Study in a U.S. or international cross-cultural context deepens and broadens a Wheaton education. Options include "Wheaton in" programs in Chicago and abroad, and partner programs in over 30 countries. In addition to the Human Needs and Global Resources program, several departments also offer opportunities for international internships. A competitive student Global Scholar Award is available for students who would like to undertake research or a creative project in an international or cross-cultural setting. Learn more> Faculty and Staff Development Programs Seminars, workshops, and grants are available to equip and support faculty and staff to bring global perspectives into classroom and co-curricular activities. Faculty Global Research Awards provide funding for research in global or cross-cultural contexts. Learn more >


text:
- 1 of 1 Photos | View More Photos
A wintry mix is forecast to strike Guernsey County this weekend as the latest winter storm tracks through the area.
According to AccuWeather.com, the storm is expected to impact 100 million Americans in a 1,500 mile swath from the Great Plains to New England.
In Ohio, Interstate 70 is the dividing line. North of the roadway is expected to receive all snow, south of the roadway a potential mix of snow and rain.
The forecast here calls for a 40 chance of snow overnight Friday into Saturday. The possibility of snow continues until about noon Saturday, when warming temperatures could lead to rainfall. Chance of precipitation is 40 percent throughout the daylight hours.
Saturday evening, the likelihood for precipitation -- all snow -- rises to 60 percent.
The greatest chance for snow will be throughout the day Sunday and overnight into Monday. By Monday evening forecasters are calling for snow to end.
Did we receive Thursday a preview of what's to come? About 10:40 a.m. the skies were clear of snow in Cambridge. In the span of a few moments flurries began then quickly escalated into a virtual white out, with visibility reduced to a scant few yards.
But almost as quickly as the snow came it slowed and stopped.
At this early stage, the storm has the potential to bring 6 inches to a foot of heavy wet snow along a 1,000-mile swath in the Midwest and East, with locally higher amounts. Snowfall rates at the height of the storm could reach 2 inches per hour. Ice is a concern for some areas as well.
The challenge facing forecasters for this storm is determining where the line separating snow from rain will settle. A tremendous temperature contrast will set up from north to south with the storm. A distance of 100 miles could bring temperatures ranging from the 60s and 70s to the 20s and 30s and the difference between rain, ice and snow.
Countdown to spring's arrival: 20 days.


text:
THE SQL Server Blog Spot on the Web
Microsoft released a document today with some SQL Server 2008 benchmarks
I found this sentence very interesting
The result demonstrates the scale-up capabilities of SQL Server 2008 on HP Integrity. The 10TB benchmark is so demanding that only six other results have been published in the nine-year history of TPC-H.
The result demonstrates the scale-up capabilities of SQL Server 2008 on HP Integrity. The 10TB benchmark is so demanding that only six other results have been published in the nine-year history of TPC-H.
More information on the results is available at http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/events/HHHlaunch/docs/BenchmarkFS.doc
Just think, if I publish a TPC-H on my laptop, I'd get a top 10 ranking. ;-)
Great Info!
That's good because it means that SQL2008 will be released in six months (in August). Here's the better context in which to view the TPC-H result: http://www.tpc.org/tpch/results/tpch_perf_results.asp.
Sorry, why do you think it'll be August? Has the release date been shifted?
Because the TPC benchmarks mandate that the system must be available in six months of the publication of any official benchmark result. Otherwise, the benchmark result must be withdrawn. I just checked, and the benchmark results indicate August 30 as the availability date.
OK, that's nice for the BI\DW side of the house. Now impress me on the OLTP side with either TPC-C or E.
So far, the only comparitive postings at this time are from IBM on the TPC-E, and there a 12% out of the box performance improvement is observed.
Linchi's right about the TPC's six-month rule. To my knowledge, SQL has never had to withdraw a result due to this rule, but I'm sure we'd do that if it were necessary to ship a high-quality final product. That we were able to deliver fairly diverse benchmark results, mostly on the February CTP bits, is a positive sign.
Larry: In addition to the new IBM x-Series TPC-E result, which shows a nice gain over SQL Server 2005, NEC also published SQL's first 64-core Itanium result on TPC-E. This is the new #1 TPC-E result at 1126 tpsE.
For OLTP, you won't see us publishing TPC-C results any longer, starting with SQL Server 2008; TPC-E is our new OLTP lighthouse. TPC-E is a far better model of modern OLTP applications, with referential integrity checks, realistic synthetic data, requirements for reliable storage, and a richer schema that has far more FK relationships than TPC-C, and uses a broader set of data types. Our experience with TPC-E has shown that customers are more likely to see gains on TPC-E benchmark results reflected on their own servers running their own OLTP apps.
> For OLTP, you won't see us publishing TPC-C results any longer
I know MS has turned its attention to TPC-E for whatever reason. But not publishing TPC-C at all? I just checked TPC-C results, and the most recent TPC-C result from MS was as recent as Jan 7, 2008 with SQL2005.
Microsoft just release a TPC-C on Dunnington 4 socket hexa core on SQL Server 2005 on Aug 19th 2008!! (http://www.tpc.org/tpcc/results/tpcc_result_detail.asp?id=108081901)
So this goes against what's being said here and would lead some folks to feel that perhaps SS08 is purposely tuned for TPC-E and that hurts TPC-C? Perhaps consipracy theory, but odd indeed.
I don't disagree that TPC-E is more up to date, but so long as only SQL Server does it, results are moot. The market decides what is up to date and that seems to be TPC-C at the same time. To add that MS has had a large scale TPC-C result in a long time and likely couldn't topple today's leader (or ever last years) I think is a pretty big reason (mind you the top spots are theory benchmarks since nobody does that level of activity).
Let me close on why I like TPC-C. In the full disclosure you have to show the logger -- and all thing being =, in high end OLTP this is the chokepoint. When SQL Server logs about 6 KB/TX and Oracle and DB2 log less , it tells me there is a logging issue. When each time SQL Server checkpoints, performance drops, that is an issue. That's why I care about TPC-C -- it shows me how the database performs and the details behind it; not because I think it represents the real world.


text:
Topic: Happiness
Judges: ~Angel Wings~,
- You have until May 28th to write an one-shot about this month's topic to enter in the contest
- An one-shot is a story that's only one chapter long
- You don't have to participate, this is purely optional
- Each month will feature a different topic
- If you want to help judge, just leave a comment saying that you're interested in judging. First come, first serve~!
- However, you cannot participate in the contest if you're helping to judge the entries--don't worry, it's a one-time thing, so you can participate in the contest next month


text:
Men's Sports
Women's Sports
Men's Sports
Women's Sports
Jan. 7, 2009
KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (AP) -- After watching Gonzaga fall behind Tennessee in the second half, coach Mark Few thought, 'Here we go again.'
His team seemed on the verge of losing its fourth straight game for only the second time in Few's 10-year career with the Zags.
"It's human nature," Few said. "I just told the guys we've got to get back to savoring the moment and savoring the competition. It's the last couple of minutes. It's time."
That's just what Gonzaga did. Matt Bouldin tied a career high with 26 points to help the Zags upset the 15th-ranked Vols 89-79 in overtime on Wednesday night.
With 26 seconds left in regulation, Tyler Smith hit a layup for Tennessee to tie the game at 73. Bouldin missed a shot at the other end of the floor, and Wayne Chism came up with the ball in the ensuing scramble, but couldn't get it to the Vols' end of the floor before time expired.
It was all Gonzaga (9-4) in the extra period, as Austin Daye hit a 3-pointer and four free throws to help the Zags grab their second win over the Vols for the season. Gonzaga won 83-74 on Nov. 30 in the Old Spice Classic championship in Orlando, Fla.
"It was great to be able to do it and I told the guys we probably had to dig deeper than they've dug to get it done in overtime," Few said. "That showed a ton of character and a ton of will to win."
Daye had 20 points, and Josh Heytvelt added 15 points and grabbed 12 rebounds.
Gonzaga lost an overtime match against Connecticut on Dec. 20 and dropped subsequent games to Portland State and Utah.
"We just got our swagger back," Daye said.
Gonzaga's victory broke a 37-game home winning streak for Tennessee (9-4), the second longest such streak among Division I programs behind Notre Dame's 43-game streak.
Gonzaga jumped out to an early 6-0 lead, but Cameron Tatum answered with 14-straight points for the Vols.
Tennessee led by 15 points in the first half off a 3-point shot with 8:17 left by Cameron Tatum. Tatum scored a career-high 22 points, tying his previous high of 19 points by halftime.
Smith added 17 points and Chism had 15 points and grabbed a career-high 19 rebounds.
Gonzaga retook the lead with four straight 3-point baskets by Bouldin, Daye and Steven Gray, grabbing a 50-49 lead with 15:33 to go. The teams traded leads until overtime.
The Zags hit 52.5 percent from the floor and 10 3-pointers. Tennessee made only 36. 3 percent of its field goals and hit only six 3s.
"Gonzaga's second-half shooting was the difference," said Vols coach Bruce Pearl, who lost his first non-conference home game. "Once we got into overtime, we missed two layups and started forcing shots."
The Zags host Portland on Saturday in their first West Coast Conference play of the season, while the Vols travel to Georgia for their first Southeastern Conference match.
"This is our season now. This is what we've been working for," Tatum said of SEC play. We just need to get back up in the good graces of coach and the rest of the world and show them what we can do."
© Copyright 2017 West Coast Conference. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Donors 'stuff the bus' with school supplies for local kids in need
Christi Stoll, of the local United Way, was at the 2013 Stuff the Bus school supplies collection event outside of the Perham High School on Tuesday. Stoll said Perham is always one of the top communities in Otter Tail County when it comes to the number of backpacks and other supplies donated every year.
The supplies go to kids who may not otherwise be able to afford them, ensuring that all area children can start school equipped with the things they need.


text:
How to download William Hill Android app & get the free bet bonus
From the self-styled Home of Betting comes the William Hill Android app, one of the best Android betting apps available according to our review team. To get started, you can choose to either download and install the sportsbook betting app (William Hill APK file) directly via this link or by hitting the download button below. You'll need to allow your device to install apps from 'unknown sources' (which means it isn't from Google Play, who don't permit gambling apps).
Alternatively, you can also use the William Hill mobile site which you can get to using this link. Some punters prefer to use the mobile site, as it takes up no space on your Android mobile device and it won't ever crash like installed apps can sometimes do.
There is also a third choice which is to access William Hill mobile from within the BookieBoost app (a one-stop shop or hub for using betting apps, claiming multiple bonuses plus free bet tools and live scores) which is outlined below. From here on we refer to the William Hill Android App and the mobile site as one and the same thing, as the functionality of both is practically identical.
Claiming free bets worth £25 for the William Hill Android app
The first step required when using the William Hill Android app is to open an account to claim your £25 free bet – which can be done using both the William Hill app and/or mobile site as per the above. Alternatively you can visit www.williamhill.com and sign up as a new user by following the prompts, taking note of the terms and conditions. When this is done, which doesn't take much time, you'll be directed to carry on using the William Hill Android app or mobile site to use on a multitude of available sports. There is also a separate casino app from Hill. You can click here to download and install the William Hill casino APK file.
William Hill will match your first bet with a free bet of equal value with a maximum stake of £25. The links provided here take you directly to the William Hill Android app start page.
William Hill Android App Download How-To
Because betting apps are not available on the Google Play app store, you need to allow 'unknown sources' under the security section of your device to get underway with an installed app. Once that has been done, you can get the William Hill Android app for sports betting installed on your mobile device using this direct link.
You can also get William Hill on your Android with the free BookieBoost app by following the video instructions seen below. We recommend using the BookieBoost app, and not only if you are intending to use more than one bookmaker. This is because it's one app for your Android device that gives you access to the William Hill Android app as well as all of their ongoing special offers for existing customers. Not only that, it also has betting tools including live scores and calculators that can really help with your adventures in betting. Likewise, to install this app you need to enable the download of applications from 'unknown sources' which is really just another way of saying 'outside of Google Play'. You can get it from Bookieboost.com or direct from right here on Betting App Store (see the button link under the video).
About the William Hill Android App
William Hill is without doubt one of the most well-known bookmaking companies in the world, not just the UK. It continues to grow with the evolution of the William Hill Android app, extending the betting & gaming juggernaut's reach into the palm of your hand. Big reasons include the sleek and simple design, the many markets available, plus casino, financials and games. The signup bonus that you receive after registering to use the William Hill Android app is a great feature, too.
It's for these reasons that the William Hill Android app or mobile betting site is rated as as one of the best Android betting apps we've used.
The William Hill Android App – Meet the Makers
The developers of the William Hill Android App is of course one of the leading global betting and gaming companies. Coming from a rich history of UK betting, William Hill bookmakers can be seen across the United Kingdom as there are over 2,000 shops. William Hill is a publicly listed company on the London Stock Exchange (Code: WMH.L). Since the advent of mobile betting, the William Hill Android app has helped expand William Hill's reach into the smart phone market significantly.
Naturally, you have to be of legal gambling age before you claim the free betting signup offer.
The William Hill Android app is also on the shortlist of the best betting apps for Android.
William Hill Android app
App price: Free
More mobile betting from William Hill:
>William Hill Casino Android >William Hill iPhone Sportsbook >William Hill iPhone Casino


text:
Knowledge, Solutions and Social Accountability
Date: Tuesday, March, 11 2014
Time: 3:15 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. ET (19:15 – 20:30 GMT or convert time)
Location: World Bank Headquarters (MC12-700) and Online
How can social accountability make development interventions more effective and strengthen the performance of public institutions?
**This event has concluded, view the replay below**
Sri Mulyani Indrawati, World Bank Group Managing Director, and members of the Global Partnership for Social Accountability (GPSA) Steering Committee discussed key issues and opportunities for engagement around social accountability, knowledge and solutions for development challenges.
They explored how and to what extent social accountability, including citizen feedback mechanisms, can help to make development interventions more effective, solve fundamental problems in service delivery and strengthen the performance of public institutions in World Bank client countries.
Follow the event live on Twitter with hashtags #SocialAcc & #GPSA
View the live tweets below!


text:
Let's not be cynical...let's get enthusiastic. This could be the greatest show on earth, given that Oscar-winning Lancastrian Danny Boyle is behind the whole thing.
The Olympic Stadium will be transformed into the 'British countryside'. A cast of 10,000 volunteers will help recreate country scenes, against a backdrop featuring farmyard animals and landmarks like Glastonbury Tor.
And the opening scene of the £27million ceremony will be called 'Green and Pleasant', according to Boyle. He added the show would create 'a picture of ourselves as a nation'.
"The best way to tell that story is through working with real people," said Boyle, who has even reserved a role for NHS nurses in proceedings.
The set will feature meadows, fields and rivers, with families taking picnics, people playing sports on the village green and farmers tilling the soil.
Real farmyard animals will be grazing in the 'countryside', with a menagerie of 70 sheep, 12 horses, three cows, two goats, 10 chickens, 10 ducks, nine geese and three sheepdogs. One billion people worldwide are expected to watch the opening ceremony.
The world's largest 'harmonically-tuned' bell, weighing 23 tonnes and measuring 2metres tall by 3metres wide, will ring inside the stadium to start the Shakespeare-inspired spectacle, featuring 900 children from the six Games host boroughs.
We also know that the panorama also includes two mosh-pits, representing the Glastonbury festival and the Last Night of the Proms, while the music — if recent reports are to be believed — is an eclectic selection ranging from the Beatles to the Monty Python theme tune.
The performance is followed by the athletes' parade, in which more than 200 countries are represented. Then the Queen will carry out the official opening, before the arrival of the Olympic flame, when the identity of the final torchbearer — who has the honour of lighting the cauldron — will be revealed.


text:
Cash-Strapped Olympian Opens A Brothel
Logan Campbell, a cash-strapped Olympic hopeful, recently opened a gentlemen's club in New Zealand so he could raise money and continue the intensive training that he needs to make it to the 2012 London Games. Campbell reportedly needs to raise about $190,000 over the next two years to prepare to compete at the Olympic level in taekwondo. The 23-year-old isn't some random guy using lack of money as an excuse to open a brothel. He actually competed in last summer's Beijing Games but, sadly, lost his first match. Now, the governing body of his sport, Taekwondo New Zeland, says his new business venture could affect whether he'll be selected to compete, even though he isn't violating any New Zealand laws.
Really, these Taekwondo New Zealand people need to loosen up. Don't they realize that selling sex has gone mainstream? Even former white-collar workers have started selling themselves thanks to the recession!
One thing about Campbell's plan puzzles us, though. Why isn't he selling his own services? He's an attractive man who must have a great bod. Why bother being a pimp when you can bring in a pretty penny yourself? [CNN]


text:
A hot air balloonist
A hot air balloonist
A female hot air balloonist stopped about 10 feet above a fisherman on a lake. She leans out and say excuse me but I seem to of blown off course and I have no idea where I am. I promised someone I would meet them and now I cant get back to do so. Can you help me?
The fisherman looks at his GPS and says well Miss you are 10 feet above sea level at 63deg. Longitude x 22deg. Latitude.
The female says back to him, you must be a republican. The fisherman yes I am how did you know? She says while everything is technically true and you have not helped me one bit.
The fisherman looks at her and says you must be a democrat? She says yes I am how did you know? The fisherman says, You rose to where you are on hot air, you are lost and have no idea how to get to where you need to go, you made a promises that you cant keep and some how this is all my fault.
Bravo sir. Well done!!!
Well , if said Balloonist is Democrat , with thee insertion of a rectal tube , the person can A-Chieve the "infinite trip..........! ...:D
|All times are GMT. The time now is 11:10 PM.
Copyright ©2000 - 2017, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.


text:
Managing the boss is key
In It's Okay to Manage Your Boss, Bruce Tulgan, business adviser and author of It's Okay to be the Boss and Managing Generation X, argues that it is crucial for us to actively manage every boss we work with, on any task and for any period of time.
"The boss - at every level - is the most important person in the workplace," Tulgan writes. "You rely on your immediate boss ... for meeting your basic needs and expectations at work, and for dealing with just about any issue that arises at work."
Unfortunately, few bosses are able to articulate what they want, or provide clear, constructive feedback about your performance. As a result, small problems may escalate, and unnecessary hiccups and obstacles may arise, preventing you from performing at your best.
In order to become successful in the workplace, the onus is on you to help your boss manage you. The author says the key to achieving this is to get into the habit of having regular one-on-one "management conversations" with the bosses you answer to.
"Communicate about the work you are doing for him or her," the author writes. "Maintain an ongoing dialogue with every boss about the four management basics: what is expected of you, the resources you need to meet those expectations, honest feedback on your performance and guidance on how to adjust it as necessary, [and] what credit and reward you will earn for your hard work."
To help readers take the first step, Tulgan suggests practical ways to deal with a manager who is too busy for a chat or a supervisor who has too much time on his hands, and when, how often, and for how long the two of you should meet.
The author proffers tips and tactics on how to tackle problems that are likely to arise as you manage your boss. In customising one's approach to different bosses, for instance, Tulgan suggests an employee answer a set of questions, including "who is this boss at work?", "what do I need to talk about with this boss?", and "how and where should I talk?".
To get the best out of a regular one-on-one meeting, make sure you are clear about the purpose of the conversation and choose the right time and place for it.
In the course of a meeting, what should you do if your boss fails to provide the details of your assignment? "[Help] your bosses figure out the goals, guidelines and timelines," Tulgan writes, adding that the common questions managers ask, such as "how is everything going" and "is everything on track" are not specific enough.
Rather, a manager should find out what the staff's plan for achieving a task is, what the initial steps and the benchmarks for success are, whether the amount of resources at hand is sufficient, and what the back-up plan will be. If your boss isn't asking these questions of you, ask him or her to help you think through them.
It's Okay to Manage Your Boss is for anyone who wants to be successful in the workplace, and who understands they need bosses who are strong and highly engaged. Senior executives who want to be better bosses should ask their staff to read the book, too.
Five insights
- Some bosses can be difficult. They may be abusive, pretend things are up to you when they aren't, or blame you for all the mistakes
- Remain professional when dealing with them
- Take notes of how your boss is being difficult. Jot down the dates and times, the boss's words or actions, and your role in each
- Have a tough conversation with your boss by presenting the facts to him or her
- Last resort: consider talking to HR.


text:
RECIPES: Recipe Details
Inside-Out Burgers
This is be the best burger recipe in the world. Once you try them, you will be hooked!
2 pounds ground beef
1 egg, beaten
1/4 cup quick cooking oats
2 tablespoons bbq sauce
1 tablespoon dried onion flakes
1/2 teaspoon seasoning salt
16 Bacon Strips cooked crispy
bbq sauce
sliced cheddar cheese
onion sliced thin
8 bakery onion buns
1. Preheat grill for high heat and lightly oil grate. 2. In large bowl mix ground beef, egg, cooking oats, 2 tablespoons bbq sauce,onion flakes and seasoning salt. 3. Form mixture into 8 hamburger patties. 4. using a knife split each patty on the side (leaving sides intact) to form a pocket. 5. slip 2 stips of bacon and about 2 tsp of bbq sauce into each pocket. (break bacon if necessary). Close and seal the pocket. 6. Grill patties 5 minutes per side, or until well done. 7. Add a slice of cheddar cheese and place on a nice bakery bun (onion bun prefered) Add additional bbq sauce, onion slices or other condiments to taste.
This smokey bbq bacon cheddar inside-out burger is perfect when complimented by a chilled glass of your favorite Sutter Home wine and a few friends.


text:
Insanely Great Waffles
Insanely Great Waffles
¾ cup flour
¼ cup cornstarch
½ tsp baking powder
¼ tsp baking soda
½ tsp salt
1 cup buttermilk
1/3 cup oil
1 egg
2 Tbs sugar
¾ tsp vanilla
Mix dry ingredients add wet ingredients and mix well. Let the batter sit for 30 minutes. Preheat waffle iron and bake as directed. Do not use non stick spray these waffles won't stick.
Serve warm with butter and syrup.


text:
Sky News understands that Blackstone and Lion Capital, two private equity firms, have joined forces to submit a formal offer for the two soft drinks, which have been put up for sale by GlaxoSmithKline, the FTSE-100 pharmaceuticals manufacturer.
Blackstone and Lion, which have hired bankers at Rothschild to advise on their bid, have enjoyed previous success in the sector.
In 2005, they acquired the European beverages division of Cadbury-Schweppes, selling it four years later to Suntory, the Japanese food and drink producer, for roughly £1.5bn.
Suntory, which is one of the world's largest soft drinks producers, is one of the rival bidders to Blackstone and Lion in the current auction.
Other buyout firms, such as Bain Capital, CVC Capital Partners, KKR and Onex, a Canadian fund, are among those also considering offers.
The auction of Lucozade and Ribena comes at a time of potential change in the UK soft drinks market.
Britvic and AG Barr, which makes Irn-Bru, recently saw their merger approved by competition authorities.
However, there is scepticism about whether the deal will ultimately happen because of the shifts in the relative shifts in the value of the two companies since it was conceived.


text:
No one from Wauwatosa West seemed to remember the last time the Trojans beat New Berlin Eisenhower. If Friday night's 42-0 win was indeed the first time it's happened, the Trojans made it a memorable affair.
Tosa West led 14-0 after one quarter, 28-0 at intermission and 42-0 after three quarters. The running clock (35-point lead) went into effect with 5:09 left to play in the third quarter.
Junior running back/cornerback Jameson Brock scored three touchdowns, one coming on a 27-yard interception return. He rushed 13 times for 91 yards and made three interceptions on defense.
With everyone talking about the Trojans big-play offense this year, sometimes the defense gets overlooked.
Friday night the defense held the Lions to four passing yards and 39 yards rushing.
"Our defense has been great," a happy Trojans coach Matt Good said. "We started working on it this year in practice. They continue to impress us and our defense is the reason we are where we are right now."
Where the Trojans are is on the way to the playoffs, with a 5-1 overall Woodland Conference record, 3-1 in the West Division.
After dropping a disappointing 27-6 decision to first-place Pewaukee last week, the Trojans had something to prove Friday night.
"They were pretty disappointed with the way they played last week," Good said. "They felt they were the better team. They played with a chip on their shoulder. They wanted to prove something tonight and they did."
The Trojans opened with an 8-play, 65-yard drive, scoring when quarterback Jared Morzinski tossed a pass down the left sideline to wide receiver Develyn Feguson who caught it in stride and raced 34-yards for the score. When Mickey Morgan booted the first of his six extra points, the Trojans were on their way to a big victory.
Three plays later, Brock intercepted his first pass on the Eisenhower 40-yard line. West scored in three plays, the second a 32-yard pass from Morzinski to Ferguson, setting up a Greg Lewis 1-yard score.
Elijah Banyard-Johnson then recovered a Lions fumble on the 45-yard line. Morgan then raced 34 yards around left end and Brock scored from 10-yards out for a 21-0 lead with 10:58 left in the quarter.
Then with 1:55 left in the half, Brock picked off a Vince Gabrielson pass and raced 27-yards down the right side line for a 28-0 lead at intermission.
"Coach Gabe (Jeff Gabrielson) just put me in position to make plays," Brock said afterward. "So I stepped up and did it. That felt good. Our team is coming back together after that Pewaukee loss. We're going to the playoffs everything is coming off right now."
Morzinski then led on a 12-play, 69-yard drive early in the third period, with Brock's 27-yard run and a pass interference penalty on Eisenhower keeping the drive alive. Brock's 1-yard TD run made it 35-0 and turned on the running clock with 5:09 left in the third quarter.
With 1:46 to play, the Trojans got the ball back and sophomore running back Demaris Purifoy raced 59-yards up the middle of the Eisenhower defense, cut to the left and was off and running for a touchdown. Purifoy finished with 111 of the Trojans' 340 yards rushing on the night.
Afterward Brock went back to the defense.
"We take pride in our defense," he said. "The three picks; we held them to no running play over 10 yards. We take pride in that. We take pride in our 'D.'"
And now the Trojans face a dangerous Greendale team on the road on Friday.
"Greendale is another huge challenge," Good said. "Our kids will be up for it and they'll be ready to go."
More from Sports
- Volleyball: MVC Boys Club team takes third in volleyball nationals
- Wauwatosa Swordfish swim well in two meets
- Football: Milwaukee County Chargers battle elements for win
- Baseball: Seven Wauwatosa baseball players earn all-conference honors
- Wauwatosa West girls basketball coach Ashley Imperiale resigns
- Sports Notes: July 28, 2016
- Wauwatosa school district files lawsuit against WIAA over conference realignment
- Baseball: Michaelis leads Wauwatosa East past rival West in regional
- Football: Milwaukee County Chargers earn overtime win over Muskego
- Baseball: Wauwatosa East's season ends with regional final loss to Waukesha North


text:
- Description
The Hillary, Scottsdale, and Phoenix collections blend style and function to offer contemporary style and great storage for both the master bedroom and youth bedroom in your home. Choose from a variety of bed options for a sleek and sophisticated style. Complementary storage options include a nightstand, chest of drawers, dresser, mirror, and other pieces for a complete bedroom ensemble. Available in Walnut and deep Cappuccino finishes, these bedroom pieces feature chambered drawer fronts, chamfered trim, and simple metal knobs for a clean modern look. Choose this collection for a warm and relaxing look in your home.Includes
1 Full Bookcase Bed, 1 Computer Desk, 1 Hutch and 1 ChairDimensions
Full Bookcase Bed(400180F), 88.5"L x 56"W x 50"H
Computer Desk(400187), 49.00"L x 23.00"W x 30.75"H
Hutch(400188), 45.5"L x 9.00"W x 42.5"H
Chair(400189), 21.75"L x 17.25"W x 11.50"H
More from this collection: Phoenix
- Additional Information
Additional Information
SKU 12602127 GTIN No Collection Phoenix Assemble Length 88.5 Assemble Width 56 Assemble Height 50 Assembly Required Yes Material Wood Finish Cappuccino Sizes 4-Piece Sets Bed Styles No Shipping Time 1-2 Weeks Free Shipping No
- Reviews