text:
Allergies in Cats: Symptoms and Triggers
When a cat has allergies, her immune system is overly sensitive to certain everyday substances and begins to identify them as dangerous. Even though these substances-or allergens-are usually common in most environments and harmless to most animals, a cat with allergies will have an extreme reaction to them. As her body tries to rid itself of these substances, she may show a variety of symptoms.
What Are the General Symptoms of Allergies in Cats?
Can Cats Be Allergic to Food?
Cats who have allergies to what they eat will commonly scratch at their heads and necks, as well as have gastrointestinal problems like diarrhea and vomiting. Food allergies may show up in cats at any age. Note: If you know your cat is specifically allergic to chicken, you should avoid feeding her any products containing chicken protein or fat. Which Cats Are At Risk for Getting Allergies? All cats can be at risk for developing allergies. Cats who develop allergies have usually been exposed to substances- either airborne, in food, applied to their skin or transmitted by fleas-that they cannot tolerate. Those who spend time outdoors may be more prone to flea and pollen allergies. Overweight cats and those exposed to cigarette smoke can develop asthma.


text:
Log in
Sign up
Log in
Sign up
Upgrade to remove ads
54 terms
Reg 3 questions
A C corporation's net capital losses are:
a. Carried forward indefinitely until fully utilized.
b. Carried back 3 years and forward 5 years.
c. Deductible in full from the corporation's ordinary income.
d. Deductible from the corporation's ordinary income only to the extent of $3,000.
Choice "b" is correct. A C corporation's net capital losses are carried back 3 years and forward 5 years; they
expire after 5 years. In addition, a C corporation cannot deduct net capital losses from ordinary income.
A corporation's capital loss carryback or carryover is:
a. Not allowable under current law.
b. Limited to $3,000.
c. Always treated as a long-term capital loss.
d. Always treated as a short-term capital loss.
Choice "d" is correct. A corporation's capital loss carryback or carryover is always treated as a short-term
capital loss.
Rule: Corporations may not deduct any capital loss from ordinary income, but instead only carry it back 3
years and forward 5 years as a "short-term" capital loss to deduct from net capital or Section 1231 gains
Jackson, a single individual, inherited Bean Corp. common stock from Jackson's parents. Bean is a qualified
small business corporation under Code Section 1244. The stock cost Jackson's parents $20,000 and had a
fair market value of $25,000 at the parents' date of death. During the year, Bean declared bankruptcy and
Jackson was informed that the stock was worthless. What amount may Jackson deduct as an ordinary loss in
the current year?
a. $0
b. $3,000
c. $20,000
d. $25,000
Choice "a" is correct. Losses resulting from the sale, exchange or worthlessness of Section 1244 qualifying
stock (also called small business stock) are treated as ordinary losses up to $50,000 in any tax year.
However, this loss is available only to original owners of the stock. Because Jackson inherited the stock, he
is not the original owner. Therefore, in this case, no ordinary loss may be deducted . (Note that Jackson
would be allowed a capital loss in the year the stock was deemed entirely worthless. The capital loss would
be deducted under the personal capital loss rules and calculated using the likely transfer basis of $25,000.)
Which of the following is not true with regard to personal holding companies (PHCs)?
a. The additional tax (penalty) is self-assessed by the PHC.
b. Personal holding companies are not subject to the accumulated earnings tax.
c. Personal holding companies, as specifically defined by the Code, are corporations that meet certain
"closely-held" ownership criteria and have over 50% of their adjusted gross income consisting of net rent
(less than 50% of ordinary gross income), taxable interest, most royalties, and dividends from an
unrelated domestic corporation.
d. There is no penalty if net earnings are distributed, as the penalty only applies to income that has not been
Choice "c" is correct. While most of the information in the item is correct, it is when over 60% of the adjusted
gross income of a closely-held (more than 50% owned by 5 or fewer individuals either directly or indirectly at
any time during the last half of the tax year) corporation consists of "NIRD" that it is defined as a personal
holding company, not over 50% (as in the selection).
Which of the following taxpayers may use the cash method of accounting?
a. A tax shelter.
b. A qualified personal service corporation.
c. A C corporation with annual gross receipts of $50,000,000.
d. A manufacturer.
Choice "b" is correct.
Rule: The general rule is that the accrual method of accounting will be required by tax shelters, large C
corporations and manufacturers. The IRS has the authority to require that a taxpayer use a method of
accounting to accurately reflect the proper income and expenses. Personal Service Corporations are
permitted the use of the cash method.
On January 1, Year 1, Locke Corp., an accrual-basis, calendar-year C corporation, had $30,000 in
accumulated earnings and profits. For Year 1, Locke had current earnings and profits of $20,000, and made
two $40,000 cash distributions to its shareholders, one in April and one in September of Year 1. What
amount of the Year 1 distributions is classified as dividend income to Locke's shareholders?
a. $0
b. $20,000
c. $50,000
d. $80,000
Choice "c" is correct. Dividends are distributions of a corporation's earnings & profits, including accumulated
(prior year) and current year E&P. Because the corporation had both accumulated E&P of $30,000 and
current E&P of $20,000, the total amount of distributions classified as dividends is $50,000.
On January 2 of the current year, Shaw Corp., an accrual-basis, calendar-year C corporation, purchased all
the assets of a sole proprietorship, including $300,000 in goodwill. Current-year federal income tax expense
of $110,100 and $7,500 for goodwill impairment were deducted to arrive at Shaw's reported book income of
$239,200. What should be the amount of Shaw's current-year taxable income, as reconciled on Shaw's
Schedule M-1 of Form 1120, U.S. Corporation Income Tax Return?
a. $239,200
b. $329,300
c. $336,800
d. $349,300
Choice "c" is correct. $336,800 should be reported as Shaw's current-year taxable income, reconciled as
follows on Shaw's Schedule M-1 on the Form 1120:
Book income $ 239,200
Add: Federal income tax expense 110,100 [1)
less: Excess of tax amortization over book
impairment of goodwill (12,500) [2)
Taxable income $ 336,800
[1] Federal income taxes paid are not deductible for tax purposes.
[2] The excess amortization is determined as follows:
Total purchased goodwill $ 300,000
Divided by 15 years /15 [tax amortization period]
Tax amortization $ 20,000
Less: Book impairment (given) (7,500)
Excess tax amortization for the current year $ 12,500
Mintee Corp. , an accrual-basis calendar-year C corporation, had no corporate shareholders when it liquidated in Year 1. In cancellation of all their Mintee stock, each Mintee shareholder received in Year 1 a liquidating distribution of $2,000 cash and land with tax basis of $5,000 and a fair market value of $1 0,500. Before the
distribution , each shareholder's tax basis in Mintee stock was $6,500. What amount of gain should each
Mintee shareholder recognize on the liquidating distribution?
Cash 2000
+ fmv land 10,500
-Basis in stock 6500
= 6,000 recognized gain
Choice "d" is correct. When a corporation liquidates and distributes assets to shareholders, gain is
recognized to the extent that the fair market value of assets distributed to a shareholder exceeds the
shareholder's basis in the corporation's stock.
Which of the following conditions must be satisfied for a taxpayer to expense, in the year of purchase, under
Internal Revenue Code Section 179, the cost of new or used tangible depreciable personal property?
I. The property must be purchased for use in the taxpayer's active trade or business.
II. The property must be purchased from an unrelated party.
a. I only.
b. II only.
c. Both I and II.
d. Neither I nor II.
Choice "c" is correct. To qualify for IRC Section 179, the property must be tangible personal property
acquired by purchase from an unrelated party for use in the active conduct of a trade or business.
In Year 1, Starke Corp., an accrual-basis calendar year corporation, reported book income of $380,000.
Included in that amount was $50,000 municipal bond interest income, $170,000 for federal income tax
expense, and $2,000 interest expense on the debt incurred to carry the municipal bonds. What amount
should Starke's taxable income be as reconciled on Starke's Schedule M-1 of Form 1120, U.S. Corporation
Income Tax Return?
a. $330,000
b. $500,000
c. $502,000
d. $550,000
Choice "c" is correct. Municipal bond interest, interest on debt incurred to carry the municipal bonds, and
federal income tax expense are not included in taxable income.
Reported book income $ 380,000
Municipal bond interest (50,000)
Federal income tax expense 170,000
Interest to carry municipal bonds 2,000
Taxable income $ 502,000
Bent Corp., a calendar-year C corporation, purchased and placed into service residential real property during
February Year 1. No other property was placed into service during Year 1. What convention must Bent use
to determine the depreciation deduction for the alternative minimum tax?
a. Full-year.
b. Half-year.
c. Mid-quarter.
d. Mid-month.
Choice "d" is correct. Real property (buildings) is subject to the mid-month convention under MACRS. Only
personal property (machinery & equipment) is subject to the half-year and/or mid-quarter conventions
Data Corp. , a calendar year corporation, purchased and placed into service office equipment during
November Year 1. No other equipment was placed into service during Year 1. Under the general MACRS
depreciation system, what convention must Data use?
a. Full-year.
b. Half-year.
c. Mid-quarter.
d. Mid-month.
Choice "c" is correct. When a taxpayer places 40% or more of its property (other than certain qualifying real
property) into service in the last quarter of the taxable year, the corporation must use the mid-quarter
convention for MACRS depreciation purposes. With this method the acquisitions are segregated by quarter
and treated as if placed in service in the middle of each respective quarter.
In Year 1, Best Corp., an accrual-basis calendar-year C corporation, received $100,000 in dividend income
from the common stock that it held in an unrelated domestic corporation. The stock was not debt-financed
and was held for over a year.
Best recorded the following information for Year 1:
Loss from Best's operations $(10,000)
Dividends received 100,000
Taxable income (before dividends- received deduction) $ 90,000
Best's dividends-received deduction on its Year 1 tax return was:
a. $100,000
b. $80,000
c. $70,000
d. $63,000
Choice "d" is correct. The dividends-received deduction (ORO) is 70% of the lesser of: i) taxable income
(70% x $90,000 = $63,000), or ii) dividends received (70% x $100,000 = $70,000). In this case, $63,000 is
the dividends-received deduction. 70% is used in this case because the question indicates the corporations
are "unrelated" (i.e., less than 20% owned).
In Year 2, Cable Corp. , a calendar year C corporation, contributed $80,000 to a qualified charitable
organization. Cable's Year 2 taxable income before the deduction for charitable contributions was $820,000
after a $40,000 dividends-received deduction. Cable also had carryover contributions of $10,000 from Year
1. In Year 2, what amount can Cable deduct as charitable contributions?
a. $90,000
b. $86,000
c. $82 ,000
d. $80,000
Choice "b" is correct. A C corporation can deduct charitable contributions up to 10% of its taxable income
after adding back the dividends-received deduction ; $820,000 taxable income + $40,000 dividends-received
deduction = $860,000. 10% x $860,000 = $86,000, the maximum allowable charitable contribution deduction.
$4,000 is carried forward to Year 3. A corporate charitable deduction that exceeds the limit for deduction in
one year can be carried over to the succeeding five tax years. It cannot be carried back
Browne, a self-employed taxpayer, had business net income of $100,000 in Year 1 prior to any expense
deduction for equipment purchases. In Year 1, Browne purchased and placed into service, for business use,
office machinery (5-year MACRS property) costing $30,000. This was Browne's only Year 1 capital
expenditure. Browne's business establishment was not in an economically distressed area. Browne made a
proper and timely expense election to deduct the maximum amount under code Sec. 179. Browne was not a
member of any pass through entity. What is Browne's deduction under the election?
a. $6,000
b. $10,000
c. $25,000
d. $30,000
Choice "d" is correct. A taxpayer who spends less than $800,000 on equipment can deduct the cost of
equipment purchases up to a maximum of $250,000 per tax year. The deduction is limited to the amount that
will reduce taxable income to zero. Because Brown's net income is greater than the $30,000 allowable
deduction , the limitation does not apply
On August 1, Year 1, Graham purchased and placed into service an office building costing $264,000 including
$30,000 for the land. What was Graham's MACRS deduction for the office building in Year 1?
a. $9,600
b. $6,000
c. $3,600
d. $2,250
Choice "d" is correct. Only the building is depreciable, so the depreciable portion is $264,000 less $30,000
land , for a net of $234,000. The MACRS rules provide a 39-year life, straight-line depreciation, and a "midmonth" acquisition convention that treats the property as acquired in the middle of the month, regardless of the actual date of acquisition. Therefore, the August 1, Year 1, service date provides a half-month's depreciation for August, plus a full month for September through December, for a total of 4.5 months for Year
1. ($234,000/39 years) x (4.5/12) = $2,250.
Dart Corp., a calendar year domestic C corporation, is not a personal holding company. For purposes of the
accumulated earnings tax, Dart has accumulated taxable income for Year 1. Which step(s) can Dart take to
eliminate or reduce any Year 1 accumulated earnings tax?
I. Demonstrate that the "reasonable needs" of its business require the retention of all or part of the Year 1
accumulated taxable income.
II. Pay dividends by March 15, Year 2.
a. I only.
b. II only.
c. Both I and II.
d. Neither I nor II.
Choice "c" is correct. Dart can take both actions to eliminate or reduce any Year 1 accumulated earnings tax.
A corporation that can demonstrate that its reasonable business needs require it to accumulate earnings can
escape the accumulated earnings tax on the portion reasonably accumulated. Dividends paid by the 15th day
of the third month after the close of the corporation's tax year reduce the accumulated earnings subject to the
accumulated earnings tax.
Platt owns land that is operated as a parking lot. A shed was erected on the lot for the related transactions
with customers. With regard to capital assets and Section 1231 assets, how should these assets be
Land Shed
a. Capital Capital
b. Section 1231 Capital
c. Capital Section 1231
d. Section 1231 Section 1231
Choice "d" is correct. Because the parking lot and the shed constitute real estate and depreciable assets
used in a trade or business, they are not capital assets per the definition below.
Note: The parking lot and shed will fall under Section 1231 (provided they are used in the business over 12
months) and possibly Section 1250 and 1245, respectively, upon sale of the assets.
Capital assets are defined as all property held by the taxpayer except:
1. Property normally included in inventory or held for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business.
2. Depreciable property and real estate used in business.
3. Accounts and notes receivable arising from sales or services in the taxpayer's business.
4. Copyrights, literary, musical or artistic compositions.
5. Treasury stock
calendar year corporation, was formed January 3, Year 1, and on that date placed five-year
property in service. The property was depreciated under the general MACRS system. Eastern did not elect
to use the straight-line method. The following information pertains to Eastern:
Eastern's Year 1 taxable income
Adjustment for the accelerated depreciation taken on Year 1 five -year property
Year 1 tax-exempt interest from specified private activity bonds issued
What was Eastern's Year 1 alternative minimum taxable income before the adjusted current earnings (ACE)
a. $306,000
b. $305,000
c. $304,000
d. $301,000
Choice "a" is correct. Eastern's alternative minimum taxable income before the ACE adjustment (and ignoring
the exemption allowable) is $306,000:
Taxable income $300,000
Adjustment for regular tax accelerated depreciation 1,000
Tax preference for private activity bond interest 5,000
The following information pertains to Dahl Corp.:
Accumulated earnings and profits at January 1, Year 1 $120,000
Earnings and profits for the year ended December 31, Year 1 160,000
Cash distributions to individual stockholders during Year 1 360,000
What is the total amount of distributions taxable as dividend income to Dahl's stockholders in Year 1?
a. $0
b. $160,000
c. $280,000
d. $360,000
Choice "c" is correct. Distributions out of the sum of current and accumulated earnings and profits are
taxable as dividends to the recipients.
Accumulated E&P at 1111Year 1 $ 120,000
Earnings in Year 1 160,000
Taxable dividends to recipients $ 280,000
Excess distributed 80,000
Total distributed $ 360,000
Any excess reduces the shareholder's basis in Dahl stock, and any amount beyond that required to reduce the shareholder's basis to zero is treated as received on the sale or exchange of the stock and is capital gain.
Edge Corp. met the stock ownership requirements of a personal holding company. What sources of income
must Edge consider to determine if the income requirements for a personal holding company have been met?
I. Interest earned on tax-exempt obligations.
II. Dividends received from an unrelated domestic corporation.
a. I only.
b. II only.
c. Both I and II.
d. Neither I nor II.
Choice "b" is correct.
I. Interest is normally included in personal holding company income, but only if it is included in the receiving
corporation's gross income. Since interest income from tax-exempt obligations is not included in gross
income, it is not personal holding company income.
II. Dividend income from unrelated domestic corporations is personal holding company income.
Kent Corp. is a calendar year accrual basis C corporation. In Year 1, Kent made a nonliquidating distribution of property with an adjusted basis of $150,000 and a fair market value of $200,000 to Reed, its sole shareholder.
The following information pertains to Kent:
Reed's basis in Kent stock at January 1, Year 1 $500,000
Accumulated earn ings and profits at January 1, Year 1 125,000
Current earnings and profits for Year 1 (from operations) 60,000
What was taxable as dividend income to Reed for Year 1?
Choice "d" is correct. A dividend paid in property other than money is taxable to an individual taxpayer to the extent of the property's fair market value, but not in excess of the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the distributing corporation. In this case the fair market value of the dividend is $200,000. It is taxable to the extent that Kent had current earnings ($60,000) plus accumulated earnings and profits ($125,000) plus any gain generated on the distribution itself ($50,000); thus the dividend is taxable to the extent of $200,000.
Jaxson Corp. has 200,000 shares of voting common stock issued and outstanding. King Corp. has decided
to acquire 90 percent of Jaxson's voting common stock solely in exchange for 50 percent of its voting
common stock and retain Jaxson as a subsidiary after the transaction. Which of the following statements is
a. King must acquire 100 percent of Jaxson stock for the transaction to be a tax-free reorganization.
b. The transaction will qualify as a tax-free reorganization.
c. King must issue at least 60 percent of its voting common stock for the transaction to qualify as a tax-free
d. Jaxson must surrender assets for the transaction to qualify as a tax-free reorganization .
Choice "b" is correct. The acquisition of a controlling (usually 80%) interest by one corporation in the stock ofanother corporation solely for stock is a tax-free (Type B) reorganization .
Banks Corp. , a calendar year corporation , reimburses employees for properly substantiated qualifying business meal expenses. The employees are present at the meals, which are neither lavish nor extravagant, and the reimbursement is not treated as wages subject to with holdings. What percentage of the meal expense may Banks deduct?
a. 0%
b. 50%
c. 80%
d. 100%
Choice "b" is correct. Only 50% of business meal and entertainment expense is deductible.
For the current year, Kelly Corp. had net income per books of $300,000 before the provision for Federal
income taxes. Included in the net income were the following items:
Dividend income from an unaffiliated domestic taxable corporation (taxable
income limitation does not apply and there is no portfolio indebtedness) $50,000
Bad debt expense (represents the increase in the allowance for doubtful accounts)
Assuming no bad debt was written off, what is Kelly's taxable income for the current year?
a. $250,000
b. $330,000
c. $345,000
d. $380,000
Book net income $300,000
Nondeductible bad debt expense 80,000
Dividends received deduction (35,000)
Choice "a" is incorrect. The bad debt expense taken on the allowance method is disallowed. For tax purposes, the corporation must use the direct write-off method. In addition , Kelly Corp. is allowed a 70% dividends received deduction.
Axis Corp. is an accrual basis calendar year corporation. On December 13, Year 1, the Board of Directors
declared a two percent of profits bonus to all employees for services rendered during Year 1 and notified
them in writing. None of the employees own stock in Axis. The amount represents reasonable compensation
for services rendered and was paid on March 13, Year 2. Axis' bonus expense may:
a. Not be deducted on Axis' Year 1 tax return because the per share employee amount cannot be
determined with reasonable accuracy at the time of the declaration of the bonus.
b. Be deducted on Axis' Year 1 tax return.
c. Be deducted on Axis' Year 2 tax return .
d. Not be deducted on Axis' tax return because payment is a disguised dividend
Choice "b" is correct. The deduction is an ordinary and necessary business expense treated just as any other compensation expense is treated . Axis is an accrual basis taxpayer, and the deduction is taken on the return for the year in which the expense accrued because it was paid within 2-112 months of year-end.
In the filing of a consolidated tax return for a corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries, intercompany
dividends between the parent and subsidiary corporations are:
a. Not taxable.
b. Included in taxable income to the extent of 20%.
c. Included in taxable income to the extent of 80%.
d. Fully taxable
Choice "a" is correct. Dividends received from other group members are eliminated from the parent's taxable
income in consolidation; no dividends received deduction is allowed. Since the parent eliminates the
subsidiary dividends in consolidation, they are effectively not taxable
Tank Corp., which had earnings and profits of $500,000, made a nonliquidating distribution of property to its
shareholders in Year 1 as a dividend in kind . This property, which had an adjusted basis of $20,000 and a
fair market value of $30,000 at the date of distribution, did not constitute assets used in the active conduct of
Tank's business. How much gain did Tank recognize on this distribution?
a. $30,000
b. $20,000
c. $10,000
d. $0
Choice "c" is correct. The property distributed by Tank is treated as if it were sold to the shareholder at its fair market value on the date of distribution. Tank recognizes gain to the extent of the fair market value ($30,000) over the adjusted basis ($20,000) or $10,000.
In a Type B reorganization, as defined by the Internal Revenue Code, the:
I. Stock of the target corporation is acquired solely for the voting stock of either the acquiring corporation or
its parent.
II. Acquiring corporation must have control of the target corporation immediately after the acquisition.
a. I only.
b. II only.
c. Both I and II.
d. Neither I nor II.
Choice "c" is correct. Both requirements listed are necessary in a Type B reorganization. In a Type B reorganization , the target is acquired using the stock of the acquiring corporation or the acquiring corporation's parent (triangular acquisition). In a Type B reorganization , the acquiring corporation must be in control of the target immediately after the acquisition.
Kisco Corp.'s taxable income before taking the dividends received deduction was $70,000. This includes
$10,000 in dividends from an unrelated taxable domestic corporation. Given the following tax rates, what
would Kisco's income tax be before any credits?
Partial rate table Tax rate
Up to $50,000 15%
Over $50,000 but not over $75,000 25%
a. $10,000
b. $10,750
c. $12,500
d. $15,750
Choice "b" is correct. The $10,000 dividend is from an unrelated corporation. This means less than 20% of
the company is owned. A 70% dividends received deduction is available.
Taxable income $ 70,000
Less: Dividends received
deduction (70% x 10,000) (7,000)
Taxable income $ 63,000
Income tax
15% x $50,000 $ 7,500
+ [25% x ($63,000 - $50,000)] 3,250
$ 10,750
Jones incorporated a sole proprietorship by exchanging all the proprietorship's assets for the stock of Nu Co., a new corporation. To qualify for tax-free incorporation , Jones must be in control of Nu immediately after the exchange. What percentage of Nu's stock must Jones own to qualify as "control" for this purpose?
a. 50.00%
b. 51.00%
c. 66.67%
d. 80.00%
Choice "d" is correct.
Ru/e: In a tax-free incorporation , the percentage for "control" is 80%, (i.e., control exists if the
transferor/shareholder owns at least 80% of the total voting power and at least 80% of the total number of
shares of all other classes of stock).
Ace Rentals Inc., an accrual-basis taxpayer, reported rent receivable of $35,000 and $25,000 in its Year 2
and Year 1 balance sheets, respectively. During Year 2, Ace received $50,000 in rent payments and $5,000
in nonrefundable rent deposits. In Ace's Year 2 corporate income tax return , what amount should Ace include as rent revenue?
Rent revenue under the accrual basis would include the cash received ($50 ,000) plus the increase in the rent receivable ($10 ,000 = $35,000 - 25,000), or $60,000. In addition , the $5,000 nonrefundable rent deposit is additional rent revenue, for a total of $65,000.
Brown Corp. , a calendar-year taxpayer, was organized and actively began operations on July 1, Year 1, and
incurred the following costs:
Legal fees to obtain corporate charter $41,000
Commission paid to underwriter 25,000
Other stock issue costs 10,000
Brown wishes to amortize its organizational costs over the shortest period allowed for tax purposes. In Year
1, what amount should Brown deduct for the organizational expenses? Organizational costs are amortizable over a minimum period of 15 years (180 months). In addition, subject to a $50,000 total expenditure limitation, a $5,000 deduction is allowed in Year 1. Allowable costs in connection with the corporate organization are legal fees to obtain the corporate charter,
necessary accounting services, expenses of temporary directors, and incorporation fees paid to the state.
Organizational costs exclude stock issue costs and commissions paid to underwriters to help sell the shares. Only the legal fees of $41 ,000 qualify as organizational costs. $41,000 -$5,000 = $36 ,000/180 months = $200 x 6 months = $1,200 + $5,000 (expense in Year 1) = $6,200.
Soma Corp. had $600,000 in compensation expense for book purposes in Year 1. Included in this amount
was a $50,000 accrual for Year 1 nonshareholder bonuses. Soma paid the actual Year 1 bonus of $60,000
on March 1, Year 2. In its Year 1 tax return, what amount should Soma deduct as compensation expense?
An accrual basis employer may deduct bonuses paid to nonshareholder employees in
the year of accrual if the bonuses are subsequently paid within 2 Y, months after the close of the tax year.
Since the $50,000 accrued at year-end Year 1 was paid by March 15, Year 2 (2 Y, months), the $50,000
accrual is deductible as compensation expense. The additional $10,000 bonus paid on March 1, Year 2 is
also deductible in Year 1, even though it was not accrued at year-end Year 1. Therefore, the total
compensation is $600,000 + $10,000, or $610,000.
Acme Corp. has two common stockholders. Acme derives all of its income from investments in stocks and
securities, and it regularly distributes 51 % of its taxable income as dividends to its stockholders. Acme is a:
a. Corporation subject to tax only on income not distributed to stockholders.
b. Corporation subject to the accumulated earnings tax.
c. Regulated investment company.
d. Personal holding company.
Choice "d" is correct. A corporation is a personal holding company (PHC) if (1) at any time during the last half
of the taxable year more than 50% of the value of the outstanding stock is owned by 5 or fewer individuals,
and (2) at least 60% of its adjusted ordinary gross income for the year is investment-type income.
What is the usual result to the shareholders of a distribution in complete liquidation of a corporation?
a. No taxable effect.
b. Ordinary gain to the extent of cash received .
c. Ordinary gain or loss.
d. Capital gain or loss
Choice "d" is correct.
Rule: Shareholders treat property received in a complete liquidation of a corporation as full payment for their
stock. Therefore, the shareholder must recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference between
the fair market value of the property received and the basis of the stock surrendered.
Kari Corp., a manufacturing company, was organized on January 2, Year 1. Its Year 1 federal taxable income was $400,000 and its federal income tax was $100,000. What is the maximum amount of accumulated
taxable income that may be subject to the accumulated earnings tax for Year 1 if Kari takes only the minimum accumulated earnings credit?
a. $300,000
b. $150,000
c. $50,000
d. $0
Choice "c" is correct. For the accumulated earnings tax, in this case, accumulated taxable income would
equal taxable income ($400,000) minus federal income taxes ($100,000) minus the minimum accumulated
earnings credit ($250,000) for manufacturing companies or $50,000.
Bridge, a C corporation, had $15,000 in accumulated earnings and profits at the beginning of the current year. During the current year, Bridge reported earnings and profits of $1 0,000 and paid $20,000 in cash
distributions to its shareholders in both March and July. What amount of the July distribution should be
classified as dividend income to Bridge's shareholders?
a. $20,000
b. $15,000
c. $10,000
d. $5,000
Choice "d" is correct. When a corporation makes multiple distributions during the taxable year, current E&P is first allocated to each distribution on a pro rata basis; then , accumulated E&P is applied in chronological order beginning with the earliest distribution . In this example, where there are two distributions made by Bridge, the current and accumulated E&P are allocated as follows :
March distribution $20,000
Current E& P - $20,000 (March distribution)/$40,000 (total distributions) x $10,000 (Current E&P) = Amount out of Current E&P =$5,000
Accumulated E&P = allocate first come first serve = chronological until
either Acc E&P is used up or entire distribution is dividend. Here $15,000 $15,000
Accumulated E&P = $15,000 remaining distribution; thus use
$0 remaining in Accumulated E&P
Entire distribution is a dividend $20,000
July distribution $20,000
Current E& P - $20,000 (July distribution)/$40,000 (total distributions)
x $10,000 (Current E&P) = Amount out of Current E&P $5,000
Accumulated E&P = all used in March distribution = $0
Dividend amount $5,000
Dole, the sale owner of Enson Corp., transferred a building to Enson . The building had an adjusted tax basis
of $35,000 and a fair market value of $100,000. In exchange for the building, Dole received $40,000 cash
and Enson common stock with a fair market value of $60,000. What amount of gain did Dole recognize?
a. $0
b. $5,000
c. $40,000
d. $65,000
Choice "c" is correct. As a general rule, a shareholder who contributes property to a corporation in exchange
for common stock will not recognize gain or loss if immediately after the transaction when the transferring
shareholders (there can be more than one transferor) own at least 80% of the corporation and the
shareholder does not receive any boot. In this case, Dole as the sale shareholder owns more than 80% but
receives boot, cash of $40,000. Therefore, Dole will recognize gain to the lesser of cash received or realized
gain as follows:
Dole *Amount Realized $100,000
**Adjusted basis (35,000)
Realized Gain $ 65,000
Recognized gain = Lesser of realized gain
($65,000) or boot received ($40,000) $ 40,000
* Amount Realized = Cash $40,000 + Common stock $60,000
** Adjusted basis = the adjusted basis (NBV) of the building = $35,000
Aztec, a C corporation , distributed an asset to Burn , a shareholder. The asset had a fair market value of
$30,000 and was subject to a $40,000 liability, assumed by Burn . The asset had an adjusted basis of
$25,000. What amount of gain must Aztec recognize?
a. $0
b. $5,000
c. $10,000
d. $15,000
Choice "d" is correct. When a corporation distributes assets to a shareholder, the corporation recognizes a
gain as if it had sold the asset. The gain is calculated as follows:
Amount realized - greater of FMV of asset = $30,000
or the amount of liability assumed by the shareholder $40,000
Less adjusted basis of property sold ($25,000)
Realized and recognized gain $15,000
Which of the following types of entities is entitled to the net operating loss deduction?
a. Partnerships.
b. S corporations.
c. Trusts and estates.
d. Not-for-profit organizations.
Choice "c" is correct. Per the above rule , trusts and estates are entitled to a net operating loss deduction .
Trusts and estates can be taxable entities, even though, at times, they may also have pass-through effects.
Which of the following items should be included on the Schedule M-1, Reconciliation of Income (Loss) per
Books With Income per Return , of Form 1120, U.S. Corporation Income Tax Return to reconcile book income
to taxable income?
a. Cash distributions to shareholders.
b. Premiums paid on key-person life insurance policy.
c. Corporate bond interest.
d. Ending balance of retained earnings
Choice "b" is correct. The Schedule M-1 reports the reconciliation of income (loss) per books to income (loss)
per the tax return . [Note: It reports both permanent and temporary differences that are discussed in the
Financial textbook for deferred taxes.]. Items that are included on this schedule are those that are (1)
reported as income for book purposes but not for tax purposes; (2) reported as an expense for book purposes
but not for tax purposes; (3) reported as taxable income for tax purposes but not as income for book
purposes; and (4) reported as deductible for tax purposes but not as an expense for book purposes. The only
option above that falls into one of these four categories is option b. Premiums paid on a key-person life
insurance policy are proper GAAP expenses for book purposes, but they are not allowable deductions for tax
A C corporation must use the accrual method of accounting in which of the following circumstances?
a. The business had average sales for the past three years of less than $1 million .
b. The business is a service company and has over $1 million in sales.
c. The business is a personal service business with over $15 million in sales.
d. The business has more than $10 million in average sales.
Choice "d" is correct. While the cash basis of accounting is used for tax purposes by most individuals,
qualified personal service corporations (which are treated as individuals for purposes of these rules) , and
taxpayers whose average annual gross receipts do not exceed $1 ,000,000, the accrual basis method of
accounting for tax purposes is required for the following:
• The accounting purchase and sales of inventory (and inventories must be maintained)
• Tax shelters
• Certain farming corporations (other farming or tree-raising businesses may generally use to the cash
• C Corporations, trusts with unrelated trade or business income, and partnerships having a C
corporations as a partner PROVIDED the business has GREATER than $5 million of average annual
gross receipts for the three-year period ending with the prior tax year
A corporation that has both preferred and common stock has a deficit in accumulated earnings and profits at
the beginning of the year. The current earnings and profits are $25,000. The corporation makes a dividend
distribution of $20,000 to the preferred shareholders and $10,000 to the common shareholders. How will the
preferred and common shareholders report these distributions?
Choice "b" is correct. A dividend to a preferred shareholder is based on that shareholder's fixed percentage
at purchase. Preferred shareholders are not common equity owners of a corporation, and they only get paid
based on their preferred percentage; therefore, any dividend payments to a preferred shareholder are
considered dividend income to the preferred shareholder. Preferred shareholders are paid in full before
common shareholders receive dividends.
Common shareholders are residual owners of a corporation and share in the retained earnings ("earnings and profits" is the tax term) of the corporation as well as the net assets. A "dividend" distribution to a common
shareholder mayor may not be classified as a taxable dividend . A dividend is defined by the Internal
Revenue Code as a distribution of property by a corporation out of its earnings and profits (E & P). Dividends
come first from current E&P and then from accumulated E&P. Any distributions in excess of current or
accumulated E&P are first return of capital (up to the basis of the common stock) and then capital gain
distribution. In this case, the facts tell us that the company has a deficit in accumulated E&P as of the beginning of the year and that current E&P is $25,000. The facts do not tell us the amount of common shareholder capital in the corporation, but none of the answer choices provide for capital gain distributions, so we have to assume that the capital is in excess of the balance of the distribution after the current E&P is allocated. Because
preferred shareholders are paid first, the $20,000 paid to them reduces available current E&P to distribute to
$5,000 [$25,000 - $20,000]. The preferred shareholders are taxed on $20,000 of dividends. The common
shareholders would report $5,000 in dividend income (the remaining amount of current E&P) and would have
$5,000 in return of capital [$5,000 + $5,000 = $10,000 paid to the common shareholders].
A taxpayer sold for $200,000 equipment that had an adjusted basis of $180,000. Through the date of the
sale, the taxpayer had deducted $30,000 of depreciation. Of this amount, $17,000 was in excess of straightline
depreciation. What amount of gain would be recaptured under Section 1245 (Gain from Dispositions of
Certain Depreciable Property)?
a. $13,000
b. $17,000
c. $20,000
d. $30,000
Choice "c" is correct. Under Section 1245, the amount of depreciation in excess of straight-line depreciation
is irrelevant (the "excess depreciation" rule is a Section 1250 rule and applies to real property). In this
question, $30,000 of depreciation was deducted and, at first glance, the answer would appear to be $30,000.
However, Section 1245 actually only requires that the lesser of the depreciation taken ($30,000) or the gain
recognized ($200,000 - $180,000 = $20,000) be recaptured .
Four years ago, a self-employed taxpayer purchased office furniture for $30,000. During the current tax year,
the taxpayer sold the furniture for $37,000. At the time of the sale, the taxpayer's depreciation deductions
totaled $20,700. What part of the gain is taxed as long-term capital gain?
a. $0
b. $7,000
c. $20,700
d. $27,700
Choice "b" is correct. When property is sold, the realized gain is the difference between the proceeds and the
adjusted basis, in this question, the difference between the $37,000 and $9,300 ($30,000 - $20,700), or
$27,700. Under Section 1245 (office furniture qualifies as Section 1245 property because it is not real
property), the total depreciation deducted will be recaptured as ordinary income, and the remainder (any
amount in excess of the original cost) will be Section 1231 (taxed as a long-term capital) gain. In this
question , the $20,700 of depreciation deductions is ordinary income and $7,000 ($37,000 - $30,000) is
Section 1231 (taxed as a long-term capital) gain.
[Note: Section 1245 actually requires that the lesser of the depreciation taken ($20,700) or the gain
recognized ($37,000 - an assumed $9,300 = $20,700) be recaptured . Normally, the two steps of the formula
produce the same result.]
A C corporation has gross receipts of $150,000, $35,000 of other income, and deductible expenses of
$95,000. In addition, the corporation incurred a net long-term capital loss of $25,000 in the current year.
What is the corporation's taxable income?
a. $65,000
b. $87,000
c. $90,000
d. $115,000
Choice "c" is correct. The C corporation's income before net long-term capital loss is $90,000 ($150,000 +
$35,000 - $95,000). For a corporation, a net long-term capital loss is not deductible in the current year (3-
year carryback and 5-year carryforward allowed), so the taxable income is the same amount.
Jagdon Corp.'s book income was $150,000 for the current year, including interest income from municipal
bonds of $5,000 and excess capital losses over capital gains of $10,000. Federal income tax expense of
$50,000 was also included in Jagdon's books. What amount represents Jagdon's taxable income for the
current year?
a. $185,000
b. $195,000
c. $205,000
d. $215,000
Choice "c" is correct. Taxable income is accounting (book) income adjusted for other items. In this question ,
the book income is $150,000. That book income includes $50,000 federal income tax expense, and that
amount should be added back for taxable income. The $5,000 interest income from municipal bonds should
be subtracted because it is not taxable, and the $10,000 excess capital losses over capital gains should be
added back because the excess is not a deduction in the current year. The net result is $205,000.
Brisk Corp. is an accrual-basis, calendar-year C corporation with one individual shareholder. At year end,
Brisk had $600,000 accumulated and current earnings and profits as it prepared to make its only dividend
distribution for the year to its shareholder. Brisk could distribute either cash of $200,000 or land with an
adjusted tax basis of $75,000 and a fair market value of $200,000. How would the taxable incomes of both
Brisk and the shareholder change if land were distributed instead of cash?
1. Brisks taxable income
2. Shareholders taxable income
Increase/no effect/ stay the same
Rule: The taxable amount of a dividend to a shareholder from a corporation's earnings and profits is the
amount received in cash or the fair market value of the property received .
Rule: The general rule is the payment of a dividend does not create a taxable event, unless the distribution is appreciated property. When the distribution is of appreciated property, the corporation recognizes gain as if
the property were sold at fair market value.
Choice "b" is correct. If Brisk Corp. were to distribute $200,000 of accumulated earnings and profits in cash
as a dividend, the shareholder would recognize $200,000 in dividend income, and the corporation would
reduce its earnings and profits by $200,000. If, instead , the dividend were the $200,000 FMV land with a
basis of $75,000, the shareholder would still recognize $200,000 of dividend income (the FMV of the property
received, as per the above rule), but the corporation would recognize a gain of $125,000 on the distribution
($200,000 FMV - $75,000 basis, per the above rule), the corporation's earnings and profits would increase
$125,000, and the corporation would reduce its earnings and profits by the $200,000 dividend distribution.
Thus, Brisk's taxable income would increase if the land were distributed , but the shareholder's taxable income
would not change.
Fox, the sole shareholder in Fall, a C corporation, has a tax basis of $60,000. Fall has $40,000 of
accumulated positive earnings and profits at the beginning of the year and $10,000 of current positive
earnings and profits for the current year. At year end, Fall distributed land with an adjusted basis of $30,000
and a fair market value (FMV) of $38,000 to Fox. The land has an outstanding mortgage of $3,000 that Fox
must assume. What is Fox's tax basis in the land?
Choice "a" is correct. Absent information to the contrary, we should assume this distribution is in the form of a
dividend (especially because Fox is the sole shareholder). If the shareholder is an individual, the taxable amount of a property dividend from a corporation's earnings and profits is the fair market value of the property received (and the property's basis then becomes that fair market value). In this case, the shareholder is also taking on the responsibility for the mortgage on the property, but this affects only the amount of taxable
income, as the debt is reported as a separate line item and does not affect the basis of the land. The tax
journal entry follows and indicates that the basis of the land is $38,000:
Dr Cr
Land $38,000
Debt $ 3,000
Taxable income $ 35,000
Which of the following groups may elect to file a consolidated corporate return?
a. A brotherlsister-controlled group.
b. A parent corporation and all more-than-10%-controlled partnerships.
c. A parent corporation and all more-than-50%-controlled subsidiaries.
d. Members of an affiliated group.
Rule: An affiliated group of corporations may elect to be taxed as a single unit, thereby eliminating
intercompany gains and losses. To be entitled to file a consolidated return , all the corporations in the group
(1) must have been members of an affiliated group at some time during the tax year and (2) must have filed a consent (the act of filing a consolidated return qualifies as consent). An affiliated group means that a
common parent owns (1) 80% or more of the voting power of all outstanding stock and (2) 80% or more of the value of all outstanding stock of each corporation.
Rule: Not all corporations are allowed the privilege of filing a consolidated return. Examples of those denied
the privilege include S corporations, foreign corporations, most real estate investment trusts (REITs), some
insurance companies, brother-sister corporations where an individual (not a corporation) owns 80% or more
of the stock of two or more corporations, and most exempt organizations.
Ames and Roth form Homerun, a C corporation. Ames contributes several autographed baseballs to
Homerun. Ames purchased the baseballs for $500, and they have a total fair market value of $1 ,000. Roth
contributes several autographed baseball bats to Homerun. Roth purchased the bats for $5,000, and they
have a fair market value of $7,000. What is Homerun's basis in the contributed bats and balls?
a. $0
b. $5,500
c. $6,000
d. $8,000
Rules: There is no gain or loss to the corporation issuing stock in exchange for property for the issuance of
stock. The general rule is that the basis of the property received from the transferor/shareholder is the
greater of: (1) adjusted net book value of the transferor/shareholder plus any gain recognized by the
transferor/shareholder or (2) debt assumed by the corporation. A shareholder recognizes gain when at least
80% of the voting stock is not owned by the shareholders immediately after the transaction and there is no
taxable boot (cash is withdrawn or cancellation of debt exists) on the transaction.
Choice "b" is correct. The general rule is that the basis of the property received from the
transferor/shareholder is the greater of: (1) adjusted net book value of the transferor/shareholder plus any
gain recognized by the transferor/shareholder or (2) debt assumed by the corporation. Applying the
information in the fact pattern and that above rules, there is no "shareholder gain" on this transaction.
Further, there is not indication of any debt being assumed by the corporation. Thus, Homerun's basis in the
contributed bats and balls is $5,500 [$500 for the baseballs plus $5,000 for the bats], which is the adjusted
net book value of the transferors.
Danielson invested $2,000,000 in DEC, a qualified small business corporation. Six years later, Danielson
sold all of the DEC stock for $16,000,000, and purchased an office building with the proceeds. Danielson had
not previously excluded any gain on the sale of small business stock. What is Danielson's taxable gain after
the exclusion?
a. $0
b. $6,000,000
c. $7,000,000
d. $9,000,000
Rule: Per IRC Section 1202, a non-corporate taxpayer can exclude from gross income (and thus taxable
income) 50% of any gain from the sale of exchange of qualified small business stock held for more than 5
years. There are all sorts of special rules including special rules for property acquired between 2009 and but the rule stated is the general rule.
Choice "c" is correct. DEC is a qualified small business corporation and the stock has been held by
Danielson for more than 5 years. Danielson is not a corporation. The realized gain on the sale of the stock is
$14,000,000 ($16,000,000 - $2,000,000). The amount of this gain that is excluded from gross income is 50%
of the $14,000,000, or $7,000,000. That means that $7,000,000 of the gain is taxable.
Quigley, Roberk, and Storm form a corporation. Quigley exchanges $25,000 of legal fees for 30 shares of
stock. Roberk exchanges land with a basis of $10,000 and a fair market value of $100,000 for 60 shares of
stock. Storm exchanges $10,000 cash for 10 shares of stock. What amount of income should each
shareholder recognize?
Ru/e: IRC Section 351 controls the taxation of transfers to controlled corporations. No gain or loss is
recognized to the transferors/shareholders on the property transferred if certain conditions are satisfied.
Choice "b" is correct. The transaction in this question does not satisfy the conditions of Section 351, and gain or loss can be recognized for each of the shareholders. For Section 351 to apply, the shareholders
contributing property, including cash, must own, immediately after the transaction, at least 80% of the voting
stock and at least 80% of the nonvoting stock of the corporation. A shareholder who contributes only services (Quigley in this question) is not counted as part of the control group. Thus, only Roberk and Storm are
counted, and they together own only 70 shares out of the 100 shares (70%). The $25,000 of legal fees to
Quigley is compensation for services rendered and is recognized as income by Quigley. A gain of $90,000
(the fair market value of the land of $100,000 - its adjusted basis of $10,000) is recognized to Roberk. Storm
bought shares for cash and has no gain.
Upgrade to remove ads

subset: commoncrawl


text:
At its meeting in late September, the APS Executive Board instituted two new policies, one regarding unit newsletters, and one regarding requests for funding from APS committees.
Last summer, material published in the newsletter of the Forum on Physics and Society was picked up first by blogs and then by the media, resulting in inaccurate and inflammatory reporting including the erroneous claim that APS had changed its position on anthropogenic global warming. Taking note of the way in which information, and misinformation, can propagate on the internet, the Board mandated a policy on unit newsletters requiring "a disclaimer on each paper and electronic newsletter file, including the statements that the article has not been peer reviewed and does not necessarily represent the views of the APS." In addition, the policy requires the establishment of a unit Editorial Board to oversee the publication of newsletters for units whose newsletters regularly carry editorial or opinion articles.
The Executive Board also approved the following policy regarding APS committee requests for activity funding for amounts over $10,000: "Occasionally APS Committees wish to start new programs that will need additional APS funding. This requires that these programs be considered for inclusion in the budget for the following year. Committees that wish to request over $10,000 additional funding for the following year should make a brief written proposal and submit it to the Executive Officer by April 1. The Executive Officer will make sure that all such proposals are put before the Executive Board at its spring meeting. The Executive Board will then make recommendations to the Budget Committee about the inclusion of the new programs in the APS budget. The final decision of the Council will, of course, be influenced by the projected income and other needs of the Society."
APS encourages the redistribution of the materials included in this newspaper provided that attribution to the source is noted and the materials are not truncated or changed.
Staff Writer: Ernie Tretkoff
Contributing Editor: Jennifer Ouellette
Science Writing Intern: Nadia Ramlagan


text:
Three members of the Killeen Independent School District's board of trustees are facing re-election this May.
The board unanimously called for an election for the three seats at its regular meeting Tuesday night. The election will take place May 11, in conjunction with other state, county and municipal races.
The three sitting board members up for re-election this year are president Shelley Wells, Corbett Lawler and Susan Jones.
Wells is a former KISD teacher and small-business owner. She has been a member of the board since 2007. She is married to former Killeen Councilman Kenny Wells.
Lawler spent more than 39 years as an educator in the Killeen district, with 29 of them as a campus principal. He served as principal at Killeen High School from 1980 to 2002. He was first elected to the board in 2010.
Jones was first elected in May 2011 for an unexpired term. She is currently employed as a mortgage production manager for Extraco's West Bell County sector.
The seven members of the district's board of trustees serve at-large and are elected to three-year terms. Last May, voters re-elected member Minerva Trujillo, as well as the board's newest member, JoAnn Purser.
The deadline to file for the election is March 1. As of Tuesday no candidates, including the sitting board members up for re-election, filed to run.
The KISD school board election will coincide with an election for Central Texas College's board of trustees.
The terms of board chair Mari Meyers, board secretary Jimmy Towers and board vice chair Elwood Shemwell expire this year.


text:
The New York Times' heavily trafficked website is down, and it appears that the paper of record may be under a severe cyber attack.
At this point, no official confirmation on a New York Times cyber attack being responsible for the large outage has been given — but many other news agencies report "sources" confirming that the site was targeted in a malicious act.
The New York Times has acknowledge the massive and unusual outage, but did not offer an explanation for the cause.
In the digital and social age of reporting, the New York Times has remained one of the few "old media" stalwarts navigating a changed space with little loss of gravitas. Many digital sites rely on the Times for citation and credibility, and by and large the paper runs without significant disharmony between its paper and digital properties.
Twitter is currently speculating on the reasons the New York Times' site was possibly downed, and the page is still returning an error message if you attempt to load it.
Reports of a New York Times cyber attack seem to stem from Fox Business, and the site did not name the source for the information.
Fox says that security experts at the New York Times are attempting to bring the site back up — as well as the internet corporate site, which also was hit in the alleged attack:
"The source, who asked not to be named due to the sensitive nature of the issue, said the newspaper has been huddling with outside security professionals to assess the threat."
Times writers seem to confirm the inaccessibility of both arms of the paper's digital presence:
Interesting. In addition to NYT website being down, it appears I cannot receive work account emails; I can, however, successfully send them.
— Charlie Savage (@charlie_savage) August 14, 2013
In the interim, the Times itself tweeted:
The New York Times Web site is experiencing technical difficulties. We expect to be back up shortly.
— The New York Times (@nytimes) August 14, 2013
There are technical difficulties at http://t.co/i5NQrTmXJp that we hope to resolve soon. For news on Egypt's crisis, follow @nytimesworld
— The New York Times (@nytimes) August 14, 2013
As the New York Times outage continues, many on Twitter (including writers) have joked about the major outage:
If @nytimes is down, how will I ever find out about Williamsburg?
— Evan McMurry (@evanmcmurry) August 14, 2013
All the news that's fit to Http/1.1 Service Unavailable
— John Schwartz — NYT (@jswatz) August 14, 2013
One way to mitigate this might be for NY Times to perhaps print out important stories and distribute to readers every morning? As backup?
— Earl of Vadukut (@sidin) August 14, 2013
Others have pointed out that the New York Times cyber attack rumors come on the anniversary of another major outage:
The NYT site outage is actually our way of marking the 10-year anniversary of the Northeast blackout.
— Michael Roston (@michaelroston) August 14, 2013
pretty cool new media experiment the new york times is conducting in honor of the 10th anniversary of the blackout
— matt (@mattbuchanan) August 14, 2013
As of now, the New York Times remains inaccessible on the web — but some copies may remain at your local Starbucks.


text:
A new home for the Incredible Edible Park and a new fee structure for the Great Park's balloon and carousel were recommended Tuesday by the park's board of directors. Neither will take effect until the City Council considers both at its meeting next week.
The Incredible Edible Park likely will move from several acres on Harvard Avenue, its home since 1999, to a 4.5 acre parcel at the Great Park.
The Great Park board of directors, consisting entirely of the five-member City Council, voted 4-1 with Mayor Steven Choi dissenting to recommend that the council at an upcoming meeting approve the park's move and agree to continue paying $42,000 a year to Second Harvest Food Bank to pay for three people to manage it and cover $21,375 in costs to prepare the acreage for crops.
Choi disagreed with offering free land at the park as well as paying the group to manage it, calling it a bad business decision.
At the edible park's current location, bugs and occasional field soil kicked up on a meandering bike path annoyed bikers; neighbors also complained about volunteer harvesters parking in their neighborhoods and the odors of a working farm.
Manuel Gomez, the city's public works director, said it could cost upward of $100,000 to replace the 8-acre edible park parcel with more landscaping. No budget has been created yet.
The city wouldn't be spending the money to landscape the space if Second Harvest wasn't moving to the new site, he said.
Second Harvest CEO Nicole Suydam said she is confident that the Great Park location, closer to her organization's headquarters than the existing site, will offer more benefits.
Second Harvest serves 340 nonprofits and has collected about 100,000 pounds of harvested produce from the edible park annually, Suydam said. She said they hope to harvest twice that on nearly half the land at the Great Park.
More parking and fewer liabilities associated with ample parking is also a plus, she said.
Second Harvest would get a one-year agreement that could be terminated at any time.
The board also voted 5-0 to change the fee structure of the balloon and carousel rides at the Great Park to offer more free rides and ticket packages.
Since April, adults and children 16 years old and younger were charged $10 and $5 respectively for balloon rides. A single ride on the carousel cost $2.
The park board recommended offering free balloon rides to anyone 18 years old and younger and selling all-day carousel rides for $3.
Park staff had recommended the free rides be available for children 16 or younger.
Choi asked that the free rides be extended to individuals 18 and younger to include the majority of high school students.
The board also agreed with a Great Park staff proposal to offer ticket packages: five adult balloon rides for $40 and 10 all-day carousel ride passes for $20.
Council members Beth Krom and Larry Agran have advocated for making the rides free for everyone as they were before the council voted 3-2 earlier this year to charge for them.
"We had a good system," Krom said. "This is a situation that should have never happened in my view."
Council member Christina Shea disagreed.
"We don't give free anything at the city," she said.
Agran called it a misguided policy but said he was voting in favor of Tuesday's proposal because it was a slight improvement.
Contact the writer: 949-864-6371 or firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Mazda H platform
From Ford Wiki
The Mazda H platform is an Automobile platform for Rear wheel drive Fullsize car. It has been used by a number of vehicles from Mazda in Japan and abroad.
Note that a number of Mazda vehicles have similar platform codes but are unrelated. The following vehicles use the Suzuki H platform, not the Mazda H platform:
- Mazda Carol HB
- Mazda Spiano HF
- Mazda Laputa HP
Prior to 1981, Mazda coded this platform as "LA" in the VIN.
The HB platform was introduced in 1981 as the Mazda Cosmo Coupe and Mazda Luce/929 Sedan (car). The Luce was updated in 1986, with the 929 following the next year for some markets, but the Cosmo continued on the HB platform until 1989.
- 1981-1985 Mazda Luce
- 1981-1986 Mazda 929
- 1981-1989 Mazda Cosmo
A new Mazda Luce/929 Sedan (car) appeared in 1986 on the updated HC platform. Again, the export-version 929 lagged for some markets, and the Cosmo continued unchanged on the HB platform.
- 1986-1989 Mazda Luce (Sedan (car))
- 1986-1991 Mazda 929 (Sedan (car))
The Luce nameplate was retired in favor of Sentia, but the H platform continued with the 1991 HD revision.
- 1991-1993 Efini MS-9 (Sedan (car))
- 1991-1994 Mazda Sentia (Sedan (car))
- 1991-1995 Mazda 929 (Sedan (car))
Export of the 929 was halted after the HD platform, and the Efini marque was gone as well, but the Mazda Sentia continued for one more generation.
- 1995-1998 Mazda Sentia (Sedan (car))


text:
The keys to avoiding fake autographs are knowing the most frequently faked, buying from reliable sources and taking advantage of authenticating services.
fakes and forgeries
Antique Trader 2012 Article Index
It's been a full year of antiques and collectibles news, stories, how-to advice, reader comments and more. Access the articles you'd like to read again.


text:
quality research for sound policies
This report provides a concise and timely analytical
overview of key aspects of the Nigerian economy. The report is an attempt to
track the developments in the relevant aspects of the economy over a
three-month period. It provides valuable insights into potential drivers of the
economic trends and outlines expectations for subsequent quarters of the year.
The areas of focus are Global Economic Performance, Domestic Economic
Performance, External Sector Performance, and Sectoral Performance.
View Details
Global oil price edged upwards in the review week. International crude benchmark, Brent, rose week-on-week by 3.1 percent to $50 per barrel as at July 21, 20173 – a level it had not attained since June. The remarkable gains followed demand-side progress – earlier statistics from China showed increase in crude imports, indicating prospects of higher demand. This was also complimented by the huge drop in US domestic crude production (Crude reserves fell by 4.7 million barrels). If the trend is sustained, Nigeria could record further rise in its Gross Federally Collected Revenue. Nevertheless, there remains a need for Nigeria to overcome the challenge of harnessing its oil and gas resources by making strategic policy choices and ensuring coordination in policy implementation to minimize macroeconomic distortions.
study examines the potential of regional trade in facilitating the achievement
of inclusive development in the West African region. It employs descriptive
analysis to examine the nature, composition and dimension of ECOWAS trade within
the group and with the rest of the world, vis-à-vis three other Regional
Economic Communities (RECs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). From the preliminary
study, it can be observed that the growth rate of West African economies is
increasing, but the rising economic growth does not translate to improvement in
inclusive development, as there was no significant reduction in poverty levels in
the region. Further evidence reveals that extra-regional trade of the region is
increasing at a very high rate, and also at a disproportionate rate with
intra-regional trade, compared with SADC. This indicates the existence of
opportunity to boost regional trade for inclusive development through
conversion of part of the extra-regional trade into regional trade.
This paper examines the
determinants of educational achievement in a developing country context,
Burkina Faso. We deviate from the extant literature by constructing an
aggregate index of school quality from the observable school resources. Also, we
account for school choice constraints, faced by children especially in rural
areas, as it relates to the geographical inequalities in the distribution of
quality schools. These treatments provide an unbiased estimates of the
relevance of school resources for academic performance. The empirical approach
is based on a two-stage procedure that accounts for supply constraints in
school choice.
In 2015, economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa
(SSA) slowed to 3.4 percent from 4.6 percent the previous year. The economic
slowdown in the region was the result of an interplay of several external and
domestic factors such as lower commodity prices, slowdown in the economies of
major trading partners, tightening borrowing conditions, political instability
and conflict, electricity shortages and other infrastructure deficiencies (World Bank, 2016). This sluggish
growth trends is in contrast to the impressive growth recorded in the region,
over the past decade.
pricing has been recognized not only as the most efficient economic policy
instruments to internalize the social cost of emissions, but also as a major
tool to generate public revenues that can be used to offset the potential
adverse distributional effects of climate policy. However, in many developing
countries, there is a widespread reluctance to commit to climate policy,
largely due to financial constraints, a lack of public support, and concern over
its regressive effects. This paper makes recommendations
towards the design of an effective carbon pricing
system that not only discourages air pollution but also encourages the gradual
uptake of climate-friendly technologies by the private sector in Nigeria's oil
and gas sector, while supporting public investment in sustainable
infrastructures and projects that offset the distributional effect of the
climate policy.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) revised down growth forecast for Sub-Saharan Africa by 0.2 percentage points, while retaining growth estimates for Nigeria and South Africa in 2017. Precisely, growth rate forecast for Africa was reduced from 2.8 percent in January 2017 forecast to 2.6 percent in April 2017 forecast while growth estimates were retained at 0.8 percent for both South Africa and Nigeria. In contrast, global economic growth outlook was increased by 0.4 percentage points from 3.1 percent to 3.5 percent within the same period. Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is hampered by adverse cyclical and supply side factors, weak fiscal buffers and rising public debt amongst non-commodity exporters as well as severe drought was experienced in Eastern and Southern Africa
the second quarter of 2016, the Nigerian economy witnessed its first recession
in twenty years due to the interplay of several external and internal factors.
The recession has continued until date and has given rise to relentless
unemployment rate and job losses, double digit and soaring inflation, currency
depreciation and widening gap between parallel market and official exchange
rates, amongst other adverse effect on individuals and firms in the country.
Thus, there is a need to take a deeper look into the nature of the present
recession as well as the impact of monetary and fiscal policy responses thus
far, in order to shed light on the way forward towards tackling the recession
and ensuring sustainable economic growth. This paper analyses the ongoing
recession in the Nigerian economy to provide insights into the interplay of
events and recommendations for policy.
Global economic growth remained
fairly stable in 2016Q3 with baseline projections for global growth at 3.1 percent and 2.4
percent by International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank respectively.
Growth in developed countries was moderate but unevenly distributed: while the
U.S and the UK showed improvements, growth in other economies remained tepid.
Among emerging countries, India witnessed higher growth while growth in China
remained constant but the Chinese Yuan continued to appreciate. Given that
India is Nigeria's major crude oil importer, improving economic conditions in
India may translate into rising demand for Nigeria's crude oil. However, the
continuous appreciation of the Yuan poses significant inflationary threat in
Nigeria given the high level of imports from China. Subdued global demand, weak
trade, uncertainties in commodity prices and consequences of the "Brexit" were
the key constraining factors to growth over the period. In addition, growth in
Sub-Saharan African countries remained generally slow on the account of low
commodity price, political turmoil, and inconsistent government policies.
Provisional Monetary
statistics by the CBN show an increase in currency in circulation – a portion
of overall money supply. Specifically, currency in circulation rose
(Month-on-Month) by 14.2 percent to N2.2 million in December 2016 –
the highest Month-on-Month increase recorded for the year 2016. The rise in currency-
outside-bank may be attributed to the growing demand for cash balances for
spending activities during the festive period. This development would largely compound
the liquidity problem associated with TSA implementation and ongoing CBN
monetary tightening as deposit money banks might be cash-strapped. Going
forward, efforts should be geared towards intensifying initiatives that promote
a cashless economy that encourages cashless transactions.


text:
Oil and gas service provider Petrofac announced Tuesday that up to 80 personnel will be required to support a "substantial" services contract it has signed in Algeria. The contract is with two joint ventures – In Salah Gas and In Amenas – that involve BP, Statoil and Sonatrach.
The three-year contract will see Petrofac's Engineering & Consulting Services business provide a range of consultancy, design and procurement services. These activities will support the joint ventures' development program to augment hydrocarbon production on both the In Salah dry gas project and the In Amenas wet gas project, said the company.
Petrofac said that it anticipates between 60 and 80 personnel will be needed to support the contract throughout the initial three-year period, with a significant portion of services delivered under the contract being delivered out of the company's local engineering center in Algiers. The contract also has the potential to be extended further with two additional one-year options.
Petrofac ECS Managing Director Craig Muir commented in a company statement:
"This award is strategically important to Petrofac. It expands our presence in Algeria where the group's track record extends over the last 15 years. As a result, we will continue to develop our capability in Algeria, to establish a local engineering centre with strength and depth, supporting our longer-term sustainability in-country. In addition to building our capability, we are committed to supporting In Salah Gas and In Amenas in their development plans and looking forward to undertaking the project scope."
Have a news tip? Share it with Rigzone!
Email email@example.com
Click on the button below to add a comment.
Generated by readers, the comments included herein do not reflect the views and opinions of Rigzone. All comments are subject to editorial review. Off-topic, inappropriate or insulting comments will be removed.
Related Companies
More from this Author
Most Popular Articles
Regional News
From the Career Center
Jobs that may interest you


text:
Same spam-filtering abilities as Editors' Choice OnlyMyEmail Personal. Easy setup. Can review all received mail. Can receive Bcc of all sent mail. Can hold mail from unknown senders pending approval. Fully functional webmail account for child.
Youngest children may have difficulty navigating webmail solution. Children old enough to have smartphones may eschew email in favor of SMS.
Bottom Line
By setting up OME-Kids email accounts for your children, you can give them access to spam-free email, while keeping a watchful eye on their correspondence. As kids get older you can give them more privacy.
The Child's Email Experience
Using OME-Kids is exactly like using any other Web-based email service. After your kids log in with username and password, they can create new messages, forward or reply to messages, even organize correspondence in folders. Clicking the "person" icon next to a message's sender will add that sender to the Address Book. And so on.
An extensive collection of settings allows the child to adjust preferences in many different areas. You can set the default language for the user interface from a list of almost 70 choices, for example, or configure the display of the mailbox view. You can configure spell-checking, and determine whether messages are HTML or plain text, and more. You'll probably want to configure the child's account yourself, as there are an awful lot of settings.
Parental Management
Just what you can see and do from the parental management console depends on which options you checked off for each child. You can always have a look at messages that were deleted by the OnlyMyEmail spam filter, if there are any. My test didn't last long enough for my child accounts to accumulate any spam.
If you've set the account to Lock-Down Mode, you'll need to go through the list of pending messages. Simply click each message to view its content, and then click a button to Allow or Block the sender. Once you've processed the entire list you can delete any or all of the messages from the pending list. Don't click Purge All, unless you also want to wipe out the lists of deleted and delivered messages.
If you've chosen the option to save messages for parental review, you can bring up a similar list of delivered messages. These have already gone to the child's mailbox, either because the senders are on the approved list or because you didn't select Lock-Down Mode. As with the pending messages list, you can click on any item to view its content and optionally decide to block the sender.
OME-Kids definitely isn't meant to record your child's every action the way products like Spector Pro 2011 and PC Pandora 7.0 do. In fact, as your kids get older, you can relax the settings to give them more privacy. If you trust that they're not sending inappropriate mail, turn off the feature that Bccs you on every outgoing message. Stop reviewing delivered mail, when you think the child is ready. With all of the monitoring features turned off, OME-Kids works just like the full OnlyMyEmail service.
Window of Opportunity
All of my own kids are 18 or older, but I did notice a trend during their school years. When all they had was email and instant messaging, they preferred to connect using IM. As soon as we got them smartphones, both email and IM went by the wayside, supplanted by near-constant texting. My impression is that if your child has a smartphone, OME-Kids won't be much use.
On the other hand, a pre-schooler will have trouble logging in to the service and managing the online account. It seems that OME-Kids operates in that window of time when your child is old enough to handle webmail but not old enough to have a smartphone.
That's fine with OnlyMyEmail. The company's introductory materials specifically state, "Eventually your child will outgrow our service. Until then, reviewing your child's incoming and outgoing email not only protects them, it also provides you with an opportunity to educate them." I'm sure they wouldn't complain if your child chose a full OnlyMyEmail Personal webmail account upon "graduating" from OME-Kids. Cloudmark DesktopOne Pro 1.2 and OnlyMyEmail Personal are both PCMag Editors' Choice products for spam filtering.


text:
Question for the Money Doctors
Question submitted on Sep 1, 2011.
QuestionMy husband and I are 48. We are contemplating purchasing LTC insurance. Would you recommend this? A book by Dave Ramsey stated ..."if you are 60 or over, try to purchase LTC insurance." Thanks, Stephanie Livengood
The answer to this question depends upon many facts such as longevity in your family, familial health history, your net worth, spending habits, etc. However, I can give you some general rules of thumb. First, if you have under 500k in assets, you may find that you cannot afford long term care insurance. If you have over 3M in assets, you may find that you can and want to self insure. It is the person/couple with between 500k and 3M that I find most often purchase long term care. That doesn't make it right, that has just been my experience. The break-even for a 50 year old couple in good health is typically under 2 years, with the following assumptions; a 50 year old couple in good health purchase a long term care policy and pays on it for 35 years at which time they need long term care at age 85. Average inflation rate of healthcare is assumed to be 5%. My general analysis typically shows that if the couple on a combined basis would need nursing home care for a combined 2 years that the cost of this care would be greater than all of the premiums paid for long-term care plus lost earnings on those premiums. So, in my opinion a break-even of 2 years or less is very attractive. Keep in mind that today's long-term care policies typically cover everything from home health care to assisted living care to nursing home care. So, yes I think it should be considered and you should do your own break even analysis to see if the cost benefit is there for your specific circumstances. It should be considered by anyone that can afford it, if for no other reason than to preserve your estate for your heirs. Also, considering your age, be sure to consider getting a compound inflation rider attached to the policy to cover the ever increasing healthcare costs.
For additional information visit http://www.360financialliteracy.org/


text:
The Economic Feasibility of Using Georgia Biomass for Electrical Energy Production
This study investigates the potential for using biomass for the production of electricity in Georgia. The volume, important characteristics, and delivered costs per unit of energy are estimated for various locally produced biomass. Production of synthetic fuels using both pyrolysis and gasification technologies is investigated as potential means for converting biomass into electricity. Capital and operating costs for each of these two technologies are projected across three different scales of production. Estimated costs per unit of electricity generated are determined. It appears, under the conditions modeled, these technologies are not cost competitive with currently used technologies. Significant subsidies would be needed to induce the adoption of these technologies under current economic conditions.
If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. Please be patient as the files may be large.
Volume (Year): 27 (2009)
Issue (Month): ()
|Contact details of provider:
| Postal: 301 Conner Hall, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7509
Web page: http://www.agecon.uga.edu/~jab/
More information through EDIRC
No references listed on IDEAS
You can help add them by filling out this form.
This item is not listed on Wikipedia, on a reading list or among the top items on IDEAS.
When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:jloagb:90661. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (AgEcon Search)
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If references are entirely missing, you can add them using this form.
If the full references list an item that is present in RePEc, but the system did not link to it, you can help with this form.
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.


text:
There is no denying that I am a TV addict. I have watched dozens and dozens of shows from start to finish, often binge-watching for hours at a time. Buffy the Vampire Slayer is my favorite series of all time. There are other shows I watch religiously and get so invested in that it hurts – Star Trek, Supernatural, Grey's Anatomy, Merlin, Game of Thrones (trust me, the list is shameful). But it always come back to Buffy.
I didn't actually start watching until after Buffy had already ended. I found Angel first (in its final season) and worked my way slightly backwards. Before DVR, before instant streaming, I waited patiently for Netflix to send me each disc, season by season. After watching the whole series, I saved little by little to buy the box sets one by one. I have watched this series front to back at least half a dozen times, not to mention the favorites that I have watched over and over when I'm feeling nostalgic.
Too many lists exist that try to rank the best or worst of Buffy – I have no desire to add another. But I thought it might be fun to share the episodes that I think are the most fun to rewatch when you are craving a reminder of why this show is one of the best. This doesn't mean the most well-written or dramatic, with the most plot twists or sob-inducing scenarios. These are just episodes that are enjoyable, which I feel stand up to multiple viewings. There is always a joke you didn't catch or a detail you didn't notice – I'm never bored no matter how many times I watch these. They are also simply in chronological order, with no attempt to judge one over the other in any way. To me, this show is perfect in its entirety – hook, line, and sinker.
All of the GIFs were made by me for this article, feel free to do anything with them that you like. You are welcome to credit me, but I don't mind at all if you don't. I will also admit to having my biases just like anyone else, which influence this list. I love Spike and Angel, while I the-opposite of love Xander and Dawn. I regret nothing, but my favorites are often Spike-heavy and you will never see a Xander-centric episode anywhere. Please enjoy and I would love to talk to you in the comments about how much you also love Buffy, because why would you be reading this otherwise?
By the way, I know that "Once More, With Feeling" isn't on here, but that's just too easy, isn't it? We all love it forever and always, no arguments.
1. 'School Hard' (season 2, episode 3)
I'm a sucker for Spike, bad or slightly less bad. So the first appearance of William the Bloody had to kick off this list. And with Spike comes my favorite unhinged vamp, the deadly and demure Drusilla. The chemistry between James Marsters and Juliet Landau is mouthwateringly macabre and one of my favorites in the entire Whedonverse. Buffy tries to fend off Principal Snyder at Parents' Night, Spike has a touching reunion with his Yoda, and even Joyce kicks some ass. The episode wraps up with Spike turning the Anointed One into a crispy critter and promising less ritual and more fun.
2. 'Halloween' (season 2, episode 6)
And so begins a wonderful tradition of everything going tits up on Halloween. Ethan Rayne blows into town with a bag of tricks and his trademark cocky attitude. This is a bad guy who everyone loves to hate and who never actually seems to get ahead, always hightailing it out of town by the skin of his teeth. I never fail to chuckle at a helpless Buffy ranting about low apparel or Cordelia sassing around in her catsuit. Ethan isn't the only character we get our first glimpse of in this episode – keep your eyes open for the late Larry and the kaleidoscope coif of Seth Green as Oz.
3. 'What's My Line' (season 2, episodes 9 & 10)
Fine, picking a two-parter is cheating. But only this once, I swear. The Order of Taraka trying to kill everyone really gets in the way of ice skating, job fairs, and finding something in the berry family. But somehow Angel still finds the time to be shirtless and covered in sexy wounds, not to mention Willow and Oz finally connecting in an explosion of animal crackers and cute. I also cannot help but love Kendra, iffy accent and all. Watching her nerd out with Giles while Buffy pouts is a scene to treasure. Oh, and Cordelia makes out with Xander.
4. 'Faith, Hope & Trick' (season 3, episode 3)
At this point in the list, I'm realizing that I may be a sucker for first appearance episodes. Enter one of Buffy's most beloved alumni – Faith. I'm also a sucker for Mr. Trick, because Sunnydale really isn't a haven for the brothers. Faith brings with her a skanky psycho energy I can't help but find endearing. Combine it with her penchant for brutal honesty and an immunity to shame, and it's a recipe for hilarity. And Buffy isn't fooling anyone with that nonfat yogurt line.
5. 'Band Candy' (season 3, episode 6)
This is definitely one of the episodes I have rewatched the most. There are few things in this life more amusing than a smoking, cursing, lady-killing Giles. I don't actually have an overwhelming love for Ethan Rayne, but I can't deny that his visits coincide with some of the funniest situations the gang ever gets tangled up in. I do, as it happens, have an overwhelming love for Joyce, and her reversion to ditzy teenager in this episode is nothing short of priceless. And bravo to Jane Espenson for making Principal Snyder genuinely likable in this episode. Summers really does drive like a spaz.
Check in next week for part two!


text:
Online shopping is more convenient than trekking to the mall, sorting through sales racks, and constantly grabbing the hand of some lady who's just wearing the same pants as your mom. Avoid embarrassing mistakes with this Groupon.
Choose Between Two Options
- $25 for $50 worth of apparel, accessories, and decor from Latin-American designers
- $45 for $100 worth of apparel, accessories, and decor from Latin-American designer<p>
Green-glass bracelets from Colombia are $40, leather clutches from Mexico are $81, Nicolita swimwear from Cuba starts at $66, and floral Mexican plates are $18 each. This Groupon may also be used toward both sale items and shipping costs.<p>


text:
Why Discount Toner Cartridges Perform Like OEMsAugust 24, 2010 No Comments
When discount toner cartridges first appeared in the market a few years ago, these were not so popular and the consumers still preferred the OEMs or original equipment manufacturer cartridges.
This is because there were still some glitches and issues regarding the performance of remanufactured toners and compatible printer inks. It was so unpredictable because you can have good prints today and bad ones the next day. However, everything has already changed.
Third party manufacturers that create inexpensive laser toners such as HP toners, Samsung toners, and other cartridge types realized that they had to continuously improve their production process while maintaining reasonable costs to be noticed by the printer users.
So, most providers of compatible printer cartridges would normally apply the technology used by the original makers to create their products. Almost all parts of a quality compatible toner are new and ensured to keep the high quality performance.
On the other hand, remanufactured laser toners are still made up of recycled parts that have been thoroughly inspected for any damages. When there is broken or missing piece on the cartridge, it is immediately replaced with a brand new portion to avoid any printer problems.
This is why discount toner cartridges can already perform like OEMs; especially when you are purchasing it from a trusted store that offers warranty, money-back guarantee, and reasonable shipping fees.
So when next time you encounter a discount toner cartridge, maybe you would like to consider it as your printer consumable since it will still work just like the original one, only at a less expensive price.
Fatal error: Call to undefined function wp_related_posts() in /home/content/t/o/n/tonerboss/html/wp-content/themes/mymag/single.php on line 24


text: Orchids The International School-Thane, the best school in Kalwa conducted the second Parent Teacher Meeting on the 31st October 2015, for Grade Pre Nursery to Grade 8.The PTM aimed to show case the academic progress of the students who have crossed first term of this academic year. The session was organized in the respective classrooms of each grade. The timing was 9:00 am to 1:00 pm. Parents were able to discuss their ward's progress with teachers. Also science exhibition "EUREKA –THE EXPLORING MIND" was also arranged. Parents were able to view the exhibition and observe the scientific talent of students. Students answered all the questions of parents with a lot of confidence. Teachers had also displayed models related to 'Transportation' theme. Cut-outs of bus, ship, rockets etc were displayed where children also went and took photographs.