text:
At the premiere of The Monuments Men, actor Matt Damon revealed that he's seen Batman's new suit and talks about Ben Affleck playing the role of the caped crusader.
MTV caught up with Matt Damon at The Monuments Men premiere and he gushed over the new Bat suit, as well as his friend of 30 years playing the role of Bruce Wayne. Watch the interview with MTV below:
Damon says, "I have seen a picture. It's excellent. And I've talked to him about the storyline, and it's great." He then went on to explain that he'd tell Affleck if he thought taking the role was a terrible idea, seeing as they've been friends since childhood.
Damon continued saying, "Look, I've known him for thirty-something years, I'd be the first guy being like, 'Buddy, what are you doing?' But I think the movie is going to be great."
It's nice to see Damon backing up his childhood friend and writing partner – essentially endorsing him as a great choice for Batman in Warner Bros. untitled Man of Steel sequel.
But Matt isn't the first to see the new Bat suit, as Ben Affleck's wife also revealed that she'd seen the suit during the red carpet at the Golden Globes.
Affleck's friend and director Kevin Smith said on twitter that he'd seen the suit and that fans will be extremely excited about the new look.
Smith said, "You have not seen this costume in a movie on film before. For a comic book fan it was mind bending. I was like get the f**k out of here. Only you have enough power to pull this off, man, because everyone always does this f**king matrixy kind of slash X-men black armor thing. There wasn't a single nipple on this suit."
We've heard reports that the suit is a combination of grey and black in the sequel, looking similar to the one designed by artist Jim Lee seen above.
While the Batman Vs Superman film's release date has been delayed until May 6, 2016, we're sure that with a couple pictures floating around we're bound to get a glimpse of the newly designed suit soon.
Matt Damon's film The Monuments Men hits theaters this Friday.


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subset: commoncrawl


text:
An analysis of the first ten volumes of research in Accounting, Business and Financial History
Although numerous studies have focused upon the publishing patterns of leading academic accounting journals, the area of accounting history has largely been neglected. This paper uses standard content and citation techniques to analyse the 155 articles published in the first ten volumes of Accounting, Business and Financial History across the period 1990 to 2000. It highlights the leading individual and institutional contributors to ABFH, the major foci of their studies and the journals, articles and scholars exerting the greatest influence upon ABFH authors.
If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. Please be patient as the files may be large.
As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version under "Related research" (further below) or search for a different version of it.
Volume (Year): 12 (2002)
Issue (Month): 1 ()
Pages: 1-24
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- P R Chandy & Thomas G E Williams, 1994. "The Impact of Journals and Authors on International Business Research: A Citational Analysis of JIBS Articles," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 25(4), pages 715-728, December.
- Anisya S Thomas & Oded Shenkar & Linda Clarke, 1994. "The Globalization of our Mental Maps: Evaluating the Geographic Scope of JIBS Coverage," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 25(4), pages 675-686, December.
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I'm heading out to the Renegade Craft Fair at Fort Mason this weekend. If you're in the Bay Area, check it out! Lot's of indie designers, d.i.y. projects, Chronicle book authors and stuff to do, plus it's free! And aren't these graphics awesome?
renegade craft fair07/18
3 Responses to "renegade craft fair"
Oh, I'm so jealous! I wish I would've known, I would have come up for that for that for sure! The graphics are very cute! Did you do those?
How was it?
hey cynthia, i wish i had posted about it earlier – it would have been great to see you! i was supposed to go with susanna from live oaks, but she got busy so dave was recruited. he ended up being totally into it, of course.
britt – lots of cool stuff there! it was very hard not to buy more, but there were lots of designers who i will check out in the future.


text:
Taiwan Church News
3208 Edition
August 19 - August 25, 2013
Editorial: Jesus Looks Around The Unbelieving In Anger
In the mind of the general Christian, Jesus always appeared as a kind shepherd with a posture to encourage and comfort the suffered. But, we should not forget the story recorded in Mark 3:5. Annoyed by the cunning observation to see if he would heal the patient with a shriveled hand, Jesus looked around at them in anger and asked those in synagogue: "Which is lawful on the Sabbath: to do good or to do evil, to save life or to kill?" But, they remained silent. In addition, also written in Mark 11:15, "On reaching Jerusalem, Jesus entered the temple area and began driving out those who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the benches of those selling doves".
The former story, that Jesus went against the tradition to heal the patients, reminds us we should put down our religious hypocrisy. Instead of sticking our eyes on the religious stipulations, it would be better for us to reflect, observe and listen to what the people sing! The latter story of cleansing the temple requires us to repent about our confused and sinful mindset, which existed in our church lives and corrupted our behavior.
Mission of Presbyterian Church to proclaim the Kingdom of God is to expand the frontier of the church and confess the the who society is under the sovereignty of God. Reading the scriptures with this new perspective, Jesus would request contemporary Christian not to keep silent. Instead we should listen the voices of the oppressed, and beware about those accustomed wrongs and evils which are destroying the foundation of our society.
Facing a series of atrocity imposed by the Ma regime, waves of citizen movements are stirred up like "Return The Country Back To The People, 818 Tear Down The Government" and etc. Regarding these trends of civil disobedience, isn't it proper for the church imitating Jesus to stand by the oppressed, act as an physician to heal and look around in anger at those hypocritically hand-folded scripture teachers? Or, do we just become the silent Pharisees and complacently scolded the government and the protesters safely in balance? Or, should we ask our brothers and sisters to follow the government's leadership and comply with all those lousy propaganda to build a harmonious society?
When those non-violent protesters started to throw the eggs or draw graffito on the ground, there seems a neutral voice saying: "The appeals of the protesters deserves sympathy, but their method is not correct. To communicate had better to be more rational!" But, when Jesus overturned the tables of the money changers, is he a "political correct" to be rational enough?
Max Weber classified the human rationality into "instrumental rationality" and "value rationality" respectively. The former is the method, and the latter is the end. They are intervened together and should not work separately . When people ask the protesters to be more rational, actually the rationality discussed is follow the instrumental side. But, we should be reminded that to pursue a better human society is within the field of the value rationality. The importance of instrumental rationality is beyond doubt, as it maintains the basic functions of a society. Yet, when it fails or runs out of order, we have to solve the problems and reflect our praxis using the value rationality.
The recent events in Taiwan society are precious opportunities to reflect our social responsibilities as Christians. When we are accustomed to think that we Christians have nothing to flirt with this secular world and should fix our eyes on the city of God, let us not forget Jesus looked around the unbelieving in anger, rebuke the hypocrites, overturned the tables of those religious merchants, and restore the functions of real worship back to track. Are those protesters in current Taiwan society irrational? No! Only those who keep silent or even stand aloof with a vicious counter-measure, they are the true oppressing, faithless, unbelieving and audacious terrorist!


text: Search Results Studies Variables Publications (1) Your query returned 1 citations. Sort by: Pub Date (newest) Title Recent Additions Author Clear All Pub. Year Citation 1. 2009 Schneider, Renee, Burnette, Mandi L., Ilgen, Mark A., Timko, Christine . Prevalence and correlates of intimate partner violence victimization among men and women entering substance use disorder treatment. Violence and Victims. 24, (6), 744 Full Text Options: DOI Worldcat Google Scholar Export Options: RIS EndNote XML Results 1 - 1


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Richard Diamond - Private DetectiveRichard Diamond episode - Picture of Fear - Richard Diamond's vacation is disrupted when two dangerous men try to get a picture away from a mysterious woman at any cost. Season 1, Episode 5
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RYANAIR is confident of getting the green light from European regulators to press ahead with its bid for rival Aer Lingus after offering an "unprecedented" package of measures.
The bullish comments came as the Irish budget carrier raised its full-year profit forecast following a strong performance over the festive season.
It now expects to deliver a profit of "close to" €540 million (£461.7m) for the year to March, up from an earlier estimate of between €490m and €520m, despite predicting a 19 per cent rise in fuel costs.
Chief executive Michael O'Leary said a "radical and unprecedented" package of remedies had been presented to the European Commission in a bid to win approval for its takeover offer, having made two previous attempts to secure a deal.
He said: "The remedies involve two upfront buyers each basing aircraft in Ireland to take over and operate a substantial part of Aer Lingus' existing route network and short-haul business.
"This will be the first EU airline merger which will deliver structural divestitures and multiple upfront buyers. We look forward to completing our offer for Aer Lingus subject to receiving approval from the EU competition authorities in early March."
Rival outfit Flybe last week confirmed it was in talks with Ryanair about taking over aircraft and routes if the Dublin-based airline succeeded with its latest approach.
Ryanair currently owns about 30 per cent of Aer Lingus and launched its €694m offer in June, arguing that consolidation in the airline sector meant its rival's long-term future would be secured if it became part of a larger group. Its first approach was blocked by European regulators in 2007, while a subsequent bid in 2009 was withdrawn.
Details of its attempt to assuage regulators' concerns over its latest bid emerged as the carrier posted a profit after tax of €18.1m for the three months to 31 December, up from €14.9m a year earlier, on revenues 15 per cent higher at €969m.
Average fares during the period rose 8 per cent, ahead of the 3 per cent rise predicted by analysts, and passenger numbers grew 3 per cent to 17.3 million.
The airline has grounded up to 80 aircraft this winter as a result of high oil prices, airport fees at Stansted and Dublin airports and expectations for seasonally weaker demand.
As a result, it expects traffic will be 3 per cent lower in the current quarter, which is equivalent to around 400,000 passengers.
Espirito Santo analyst Gerald Khoo said: "We see scope for the positive earnings momentum to continue and for Ryanair to benefit from any further re-rating of the airlines on the back of improved market risk appetite."
Ryanair flies from 51 bases and will be the only passenger airline operating out of Prestwick from 1 March after Wizz Air said it was switching to Glasgow airport in a bid to win more customers.
Meanwhile, rival EasyJet confirmed yesterday that chairman Sir Michael Rake is to stand down in the summer after three years in the post. Rake survived an attempt by founder and major shareholder Sir Stelios Haji-Ioannou to have him ousted from the board last year, and said it had been a "tremendous experience" to chair the budget carrier over the past three years.


text:
Pizza Snacks (OAMC)
Be the first to review
READY IN: 25mins
Recipe by megs_
Kids love these (& grown-ups too!) and they couldn't be easier. I adapted slightly to make healthier. You can customize it further to add whatever pizza toppings your family likes. From TOH's "Freezer Pleasers"
See Discussion:
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1⁄2 cup low-fat cheddar cheese, shredded
- 1⁄2 cup low fat mozzarella, shredded
- 1⁄3 cup turkey pepperoni
- 1⁄3 cup low-fat mayonnaise
- 3 tablespoons black olives, chopped
- 5 whole wheat English muffins, split
Directions See How It's Made
- Mix all ingredients except english muffins in a bowl. Spread over cut side of english muffin half.
- Wrap each individually and place in a freezer bag. May freeze up to 2 months.
- TO USE FROZEN SNACKS: Unwrap and place on a baking sheet. Bake at 350 for 20 minutes (or until cheese is melted).


text:
CHARLESTON, W.Va. — Once littered with devastation and debris, in the aftermath of a tragic bombing, local runners plan to line Boston's Boylston Street with healing and celebration today.
Accomplished and veteran runners from across the region will be among the 59 West Virginia entries and thousands more racing at today's 118th annual Boston Marathon. A year after the infamous bombing, participants and spectators alike plan to gather in unity, while celebrating one of the sport's most heralded events.
"Everything that happened last year brings to a forefront the reason that we're out there, the support that we get from the spectators, our family, our friends," said Lynn Fish, 57, of Charleston. "All of that just bubbles up and puts it in perspective that it's not just about running. It's not just about time; it's about so many other things, especially this year."
For Fish, this year's marathon marks her third time running at Boston, and a return after not running in the race last year. Elkview's Sarah Fletcher, 42, witnessed the bombing firsthand in her first-ever Boston Marathon, and this year she returns.
Fletcher, a former Nicholas County High School and Marshall University runner, said she experienced first fear, then anger thinking about the tragic events, before ultimately deciding to race again at Boston.
"At first, for a week or so, you're in a phase where you're never going to put yourself in that situation again, being fearful of crowds, to I'm angry, to I refuse to live in fear, and yeah, I'm definitely going back," she said, "because you don't want to feel like they have that kind of control over what you love to do."
Luckily, for Fletcher, she escaped harm's way from the bombing.
"I had been done for 33 minutes, but I was still down there near the area where they have the changing tents where you can change clothes, so I was about 1,000 feet away from the explosions," she said.
Police officers and first-responders immediately rushed to the scene of the explosions, Fletcher said. As she realized the nature of the blasts, Fletcher ran another five miles to the safety of a Northeastern University campus apartment, where she was staying.
In the wake of the incident, Fletcher said it was difficult to communicate with friends and family.
"I got one text out to my husband that said 'I think bombs are going off. I'm going to try to get out of here,'" she said.
It was equally difficult for family and friends, not at the scene, who were tracking runners as they traversed along the 26.2-mile course.
"I was following various people that I know from the community online, because you can track runners as they're running," Diana Johnson, of Cross Lanes, said.
Johnson, a 41-year old accomplished runner, had previously run at Boston twice, but did not meet the qualifying deadline date to race in last year's event. Instead, she will run this year.
"People started emailing me to make sure I was here, because people couldn't remember if I had gone last year," she said.
Meanwhile, Fish said she followed runner Richard Boehm, of Scott Depot, as he progressed and wondered why his updates stopped posting online before she learned news of the bombing.
"I was tracking him on the web from work and all of a sudden I didn't see him," she said. "It was like 20 minutes, 30 minutes. I was thinking 'Gosh Rich, you could crawl.' I said 'Why haven't you finished?' Then, I got the call that 'Hey, have you heard what happened at Boston?' and then the floodgates, for me, with people calling."
Boehm's run was cut short as the bombing took place ahead of him. He and all other runners who did not finish last year were invited to race again this year.
Other runners, like 23-year-old Ricky Campbell, who had previously ran Boston but opted against participating last year, reflected on their good fortune.
"If I would have went, you don't know if something could have happened to me or my family," said Campbell, a St. Albans graduate and president of the Huntington Road Runners. "In 2012, when we went, I have photos of us in that same location that the bombs went off in 2013."
Now, with the violence behind, local runners going to Boston this year want to be part of the healing.
"It's different than any other marathon because it's just so exciting to be there," Johnson said. "Runners are very compassionate people, caring people and it's a tight-knit community. People are very friendly. I think the camaraderie will be even more intense than it normally is amongst the people running."
South Charleston resident Glenn Baldwin, 55, who has run the Boston Marathon a dozen times said this year's race is a can't-miss opportunity.
"I think basically this year, at least among us, anybody who qualified felt we had to go this year to support it," he said. "It's basically a way to show people who do these kind of things you don't win. My view is you can't let that stop you from doing things. You can't just stop living your life."
Rather than panic and worry, runners will race with courage and hope, Fish said.
"I think it's a healing and I'm kind of approaching it like we're supporting the city of Boston, too," she said. "We're coming all together in support of Boston and all spectators, all runners throughout the world to say 'Hey, we're not going to back down.'"


text:
Ashes: 'We're behind Trotty' says England bowler Stuart Broad
Stuart Broad says the entire squad are behind Jonathan Trott who has left the Ashes tour with a stress-related illness.
Last Updated: 27/11/13 8:20am
The Warwickshire batsman travelled back home shortly after the end of the first Test in a bid to overcome his illness.
And despite feeling disappointed at his teammate's departure, Broad believes the correct decision has been made.
Broad told Sky Sports: "It's heartbreaking to lose Trotty. He's been an integral part of the side for the last four or five years.
"He gave us a lot of solidity at the number three spot.
"But the most important thing for him at the moment is that he knows he's got the support of the changing room.
"He's played 49 Tests, we're all behind him and he's got time at home and a bit of privacy to get himself right."
The Nottinghamshire fast bowler also played down the recent furore regarding the on-field spats that have taken place during the early weeks of the Ashes series.
Aussie skipper Michael Clarke has already been fined for comments directed at James Anderson, while the tourists were not impressed by David Warner's public remarks describing Trott's batting in Brisbane as "poor" and "weak."
However, Broad - speaking at the England camp at Alice Springs - added: "On the field I don't think a line has been crossed.
"We grow up and train ourselves to expect that. A few mistakes have been made off the field.
"We, as England players, pride ourselves on not commenting about the opposition because you never know what's going on in an opposition changing room or their lives, so we tend to stay away from that."
England's batting faltered alarmingly in the first Test as Mitchell Johnson's pace and bounce helped to bowl them out for 136 and then 179.
"It was really disappointing from our point of view," said Broad, who took six for 81 in Australia's first innings.
"We sat in the changing rooms after the first day, and everyone was buzzing.
"We stamped our authority in the way we wanted to, but to follow that up with three really poor days hurt the team."
Broad is confident nonetheless England can improve, as they must and often have after poor starts to recent tours.
He said: "If we judged the English cricket side on the first match of the series, we'd be the worst side in the world - because we don't have a good record in that.
"I can't put my finger on why, but it's something we need to improve.
"One thing is that we know we can get better throughout the series."
The second Test in Adelaide will be shown live on Sky Sports 2 HD from December 5.


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Infant Exam Guidelines from AAPD
-all professionals should give risk assessment, education & prevention by 6 MONTHS OLD
-caregiver should have dental home by 12 MONTHS OLD
-those w caries need diagnosis, tx or referral
Whos Turf is Infant Oral Care??
-family dentist & pediatric dentist
-dental staff
-primary are prevention
-dental home is BEST
Infant exam: what to do FIRST
-if child gets upset, you will not have the parents attention anymore
-parent needs to know you will not be upset if the kid cries & you shouldnt feel bad if kid cries
WHAT to discuss with the PARENTS
-parental brushing
-periodic exam
-normal tooth development
-non nutritive suck habits
-parents role in exam
-other concerns
WHAT to discuss with PARENTS about FEEDING PRACTICES
-bottle usage & contents
-night time feeding
-sweetened meds
-fluoride exposure
Why examine a NORMAL HEALTHY child?
-looking at a large number of healthy infants will make it easier to evaluate caries or pathology in non healthy infants
-good to review the eruption sequence of teeth
Early Childhood Caries
-USUALLY ON teeth the ERUPT FIRST
=USUALLY ON: maxillary incisors & first primary molar occlusals
-mandibular incisors are PROTECTED by the tongue & sublingual saliv = NO CARIES
-CAN occur on LINGUALS so you must look/feel there
The _______ the child is, the ______ the decay process
the YOUNGER the child is, the FASTER the decay process
Oral exam: OTHER ISSUES TO LOOK FOR
-supernumerary teeth
-neonatal teeth: present at/near birth, USUALLY primary mand centrals, may be supernumerary, extract for feeing
-pulpal infection
HOW do we examine the infant
-the KNEE to KNEE position is very effective
-use 4-HANDED dentistry
-parents want kid to lie on top of them..this DOES NOT work well
WHAT is NEEDED for knee to knee exam
-prepare everything ahead of time
-2 regular chairs FACING eachother
-dental assistant to adjust light & pass instruments
-bite stick or molt mouth prop
-mouth mirror or explorer
-fat handled toothbrush
-fl varnish & applicator
Other TIPS for oral exam
-be quick, focus on childs ORAL condition
-dont compromise your look because child is fussing
-have assistant record
-feet need to be past parents body
-mom/dad should control kids hands
-assistant will pass & record for you
Anxiety management options for kids
-verbal/behavioral management
-hold & go, restraint, protective stabilization
-nitrous oxide
-oral sedation (healthy kids ONLY)
-general anesthesia (insurance pays for kids up to age 5, can be for healthy or UNhealthy kids
Criteria for CHOOSING a pain management
-temperment/behavior of child
-age of child
-length of procedure
-childs mental/physical status
-parent style & choice
COMMON local anesthetics for KIDS
-2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epi = DOC
-2% lidocaine, plain
-3% mepivacaine (mild dilation, long duration, good for post op pain control)
Considerations for anesthetic choice
-health of patient
-maximum dosage
-concentration of anesthetic (amt in carpule can be 1.7 or 1.8 mL)
What is the MAX DOSAGE of lido with 1:100,000 epi that can be given to a 30 lb patient???
2 mg/lb x's 30lb = 60 mg
*2 carpules gives 68 mg of epi which is TOO MUCH
*1.5 carps gives 51 mg of epi which is GOOD
*for a SINGLE primary tooth = typically use 1/3 carpule
100% lidocaine
1g per 1 ml =1 g/ml
1000 mg per 1 ml = 1000 mg/ml
2% lidocaine
20 mg per 1 ml = 2%
=.02 (.02 x's 1000 mg/ml)
=20 mg lido per 1 ml of total solution
2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epi
- 2% = 20 mg/ml
- 1 carpule = 1.7 ml
=(20 mg/ml)(1.7 ml) = 34 mg lido per carpule
Local anesthetic MAX DOSAGES
*absolute max = 300 mg
*# of 1.7 ml carps --> mg of 2% lido:
-1 carpule = 34 mg
-1.5 carps = 51 mg
-2 carps = 68 mg
-3 carps = 102 mg
Anesthetic Toxicity: CNS & cardio system
-it readilty crosses the BBB & in HIGH levels produces depression of inhibitory pathways
-kids have immature liver & are more sensitive to drug doses
-signs: drowsy, tachycardia, talkative, nausea, vomit, tremors, seizures
ONSET & DURATION: infiltration vs. block
INFILTRATION: 2-4 min onset, 1 hr pulpal, 2.5 hrs of soft tissue
BLOCK: 4-8 min onset, 1.5 hrs pulpal, 3-5 hrs of soft tissue
TYPES of injections
INFILTRATIONS: buccal, palatal, intraligamentary, intrapulpal
BLOCKS: inferior alveolar, long buccal, PSA
BUCCAL: ensure that its applied at the apices
PALATAL: accomplished via buccogingival papilla, be sure palatal area is blanched
Inferior Alveolar Block:
-use suction & mouth prop
-depth on needle is reduced because ramus is SHORTER VERTICALLY & NARROWER ANTERIOPOSTERIORLY
-level of md foramen is LOWER/ inferior in YOUNGER kids than adults
Needle Selection
-do NOT use a LONG 30 gauge BLUE needle for a block on a KID
-needle may break at the HUB
-there is no less pain using a 30 gauge
COMPLICATIONS of anesthesia
*post op discomfort
*soft tissue trauma from lip, cheek, tongue biting
-allergy, infection, hematoma, trismus, facial paulsy
POST OP INSTRUCTIONS for anesthesia
-advise parent that kid will be numb for 2 hours
-advise that after it wears off, pt may have discomfort due to tingling feeling
-warn about biting, sucking, pulling etc
-childrens tylenol or motrin prn
MOST important aspect of of BEHAVIOR management =
Nitrous: DOES vs. DOES NOT
*ALTERS pts MOOD, NOT the PATIENT!!!!
DOES: reduces anxiety/fear, anxiolytic, alters memory, amnesiac, reduced pain, analgesic
DOES NOT: reduce defiant behavior, eliminate pain (needs local)
Nitrous: INDICATIONS
-bronchial asthma (dilation of bronchi)
-safe for several medically compromised kids: seizures, epilepsy, sickle cell anemia, just keep oxygen high!
Nitrous: CONTRAINDICATIONS
-psychiatric disorders
-claustrophobic pts
-severe behavioral problems
-upper resp infection or obstruction
-chronic mouth breathers
Nitrous: ADVANTAGES
-rapid onset of action within minutes
-rapid peak clinical action
-sedation level & duration can be altered easily by operator
-rapid recovery
-pretty safe with appropriate titration & monitoring
Nitrous: DISADVANTAGES
-high cost of equip & refills
-potentiation in combo with other sedatives
-staff training
-some degree of amnesia
-long term over exposure is not conclusive yet
-not for pregos!
Nitrous: Pre-op (before appt)
-talk with parents about using nitrous
-emphasize safety & oxy supplementation
-can cause nausea
-recommend a light meal
-have kid eat 2 hours BEFORE appt
STAGES of nitrous DELIVERY
INTRO: 100% oxygen for 1-2 mins
INDUCTION: 20% with 5% increase for 3-5 mins
INJECTION: 50% nitrous and 50% oxygen
MAINTAINENCE: 30-50% nitrous, adjust according to kids response for rest of tx
WITHDRAWL: 100% oxygen for 3-5 mins
Nitrous: how many LITERS?
-total flow of 4.5 to 6 liters is adequate
-3 liters of oxygen
-check reservoir bag
-impossible to give anyting less than 20% oxygen thanks to ADA
Nitrous: TELL SHOW DO
Tell: funny nose, pilot mask, elephant
Show: on you, assistant, stuffed animal, parent. Unconnected from the hoses
Do: place scent in mask so it doesnt smell, talk with hypnotic voice, breath in/out of nose, tummy up and down
Nitrous: ASK PT
-do you feel a butterfly walking on your hand
-does your tummy feel warm
-in my voice far away
-do you feel like your flying
-EVERY weird feeling is OK except your TUMMY FEELING BAD
Stages of nitrous by %
10-20%: some sedation will begin like warm tingly feeling
20-30%: numbness of extremities
35-40%: sedation, some analgesic like 15mg morphine, heavy, tranced eyes, distinct but distant noises, numb hands feet thighs
50%: all SUBJECTIVE symptoms INTENSIFIED, except the actual ANALGESIA
over 50%: deep sedation, dangerous!!
Early to Ideal Sedation
-suggestive state
-light headed dizziness
-increased heart rate and peripheral vasodilation
-tingling numbness of hands and feet
-wave of warmth
-feeling euphoria
-lightness or heaviness of extremities
Nitrous: CHILD THROWS UP
-take off mask
-turn pt towards you on the side initially
-have suction ready
-100% oxygen
Nitrous TERMINATION
-does NOT undergo biotransformation i nthe body
-DIFFUSED out of the blood to the ALVEOLI EASILY
-its EXHALED thru the LUNGS (in 3-5 mins for kids and 10-15 mins in adults)
Diffusion Hypoxia
=occurs if oxygen is turned off and the pt breathes in room air or air in mask
=large volume of nitrous rapidly diffuses out of blood into lungs & prevents diffusion of oxygen in blood
symptoms: headache, nausea, lethargy
**3-5 mins of 100% o2 must be given at end
-abuse of it by health care practitioners
-sexual awareness: consider having a 3rd person in the room at all times
Radiographs: PRINCIPLES
-necessary for proper diagnosis
-parents cannot release the provider for liability for damages that a xray might have prevented
-if needed, have parent hold film or restrain child during exam
-if needed, have assitant hold film and wear a lead apron
WHEN to take xrays
-AAPD requires a clinical exam prior to xray exposure
-attempt to get PRIOR xrays
-take only when theres an expectation that the diagnosis will affect pt care
-use caries risk guidelines for earliest possible repeat set or initial
WHY take xrays
-initial or periodic oral exam
-post op evaluation
-specific clinical indications
WHY take xrays: specific clinical indications
-suspected or visible caries
-suspect pulpal or periapical pathology
-traumatic injuries
-problems with eruption
-developmental anomalies
-unexplained discoloration of teeth
-orthodontic eval
-unexplained mobility of teeth
Digital Radiography
-used in pedo for surgical cases & clinical panorex cases
-advantages: time efficiency, can manipulate images, easy to save & retrieve
-disadvantages: high replacement costs, high initial set up costs, size of sensors and rigidity
TYPES of xrays: bitewing
-used primarily for interproximal caries detection, occlusal caries that has penetrated into the dentin and possible caries under existing restorations
-size 2, 1 and 0 in descending order
-use largest film possible (size 2)
-will show: surfaces involved, depth of lesion in relation to pulp, presence or absence of perm teeth
TYPES of xrays: periapical
-used primarily to detect normal AND pathologic conditions involving roots of teeth & supporting structures
-will show: furcation, calcified tissues, root or bone resporption, anomalies of supporting bone like cysts, supernum, ectopic teeth
Occlusal VS. Periapical
-periapical is more COMMON
-occlusal can be used more advantagiously to see supernumerary teeth, impacted canines, trauma to anterior teeth
TYPES of xrays: panoramic
-used primarily to provide baseline data for growth & development & to evaluate changes occuring over time
-will show: presence or absence of perm teeth, position of perms in relation to prims, eval of bony lesions, the TMJ
-resolution of pano is less then BW or PA so not good for caries or periapical patho
-needed prior to ortho tx
Introducing child to xrays:
-tell show do with camera
-match film size to comfort (may do vert)
-get LEAST difficult xray first like ant occlusal film
-have machine ready to go! cant sit still
HOW to acquire needed xrays
-may use MEDICAL IMMOBILIZATION selectively for non-compliant or special needs kids who are suspect of caries or pathology
-xrays for special needs or behavior probls are usually done under general anesthesia in hospital or while immoblized for a dental procedure
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Final Results
RSA Insurance Group Plc
20 February 2013
Solid performance, 5% growth1 in net written
Balance Sheet remains strong with healthy capital surplus
Strategy is delivering – expecting to achieve 10-12% ROE in 2013
Recommendation to rebase dividend. Final dividend of 3.90p per
1 at constant exchange
Simon Lee, Group Chief Executive of RSA, commented:
"These are a solid set of results demonstrating strong progress in
challenging market conditions. We've seen good growth in premiums up 5%
to £8.4bn. Operating profits of £684m have been impacted by the Italian
earthquakes, extreme wet weather in the UK in the first half of the year
and falling bond yields.
"We are continuing to execute our strategy of global growth while
maintaining profitability and underwriting quality. In 2012 over 65% of
our premiums were from outside the UK and as we move more of the
business towards higher growth and higher margin markets, we are
optimistic about our future growth prospects.
"We are confident that we can deliver sustainable and ongoing
improvements in the combined ratio and return on equity through
management actions and we are not dependent on economic or market
recovery to deliver these plans.
"We have leading market positions in Scandinavia, Canada, Latin America,
Ireland and the UK. These are attractive general insurance markets where
we are either already delivering or will deliver strong returns on
capital. Where we do not see a route to achieve target returns on
capital we will take decisive action.
"The Board's decision to rebase the dividend is a prudent move that will
enable us to invest in the opportunities we see for growth and is in the
best interests of our shareholders. It is absolutely the right thing to
do for the business given the prospect of prolonged low bond yields. The
new dividend is appropriate for the business today, sustainable into the
future and will allow a progressive dividend policy going forward."
(per condensed consolidated income statement)
In 2012, net written premiums were up 5% at constant exchange rates (3%
as reported) to £8,353m (2011: £8,138m as reported; £7,979m at constant
exchange). Premium growth comprised 4% from rate increases on renewed
business, 1% from inorganic activity offset by a 2% reduction from
foreign exchange. On a reported basis, strong growth of 12% and 9% in
Emerging Markets and Canada respectively was offset by a 2% reduction in
Scandinavia (due exclusively to FX effects). Premiums were flat in UK
and Western Europe, where underlying growth in the UK and Ireland was
offset by targeted premium reductions in both UK personal motor and
Italy. Our focus on Global Specialty Lines (GSL) in all regions
continues with premiums up 8% to £1,381m and a combined ratio of 94.3%
(2011: 94.7%).
Underwriting result is flat at £375m (2011: £375m) with a current year
profit up 26% to £184m (2011: £146m) and a prior year result of £191m
(2011: £229m). The Group combined operating ratio (COR) is 95.4% (2011:
94.9%) and includes adverse UK weather in the first half and earthquakes
in Italy in May. The material adverse UK weather in the first half of
2012 was partly offset by benign weather experience in the rest of the
Group during 2012. Taken together, weather and subsidence affected the
COR by 2.2% (2011: 2.4%), including adverse UK weather which affected
the COR by 0.8% (2011: nil). Whilst long term weather averages are
largely unchanged, we have increased our planning assumptions for
weather effects to 2.2% to reflect the relatively severe weather impact
in more recent years. Large losses affected the COR by 7.0% (2011:
7.0%), which is in line with long term averages, even including the
effect of the Italian earthquakes. Prior year profits benefited the COR
by 2.2% (2011: 2.8%). We have maintained our prudent reserving policy
and anticipate positive prior year development to continue to be a
significant contributor to profit in the future.
The investment result is down 11% to £431m (2011: £485m) due to the
continued effect of falling bond yields on investment income. Investment
income of £515m (2011: £579m), is ahead of previous guidance.
The insurance result of £806m (2011: £860m) includes a significant 44%
increase in the contribution from Emerging Markets to £78m (2011: £54m)
which now represents 10% of the insurance result. The contribution from
UK & Western Europe was flat at £245m (2011: 246m) and represented 30%
of the insurance result. The contributions from Canada and Scandinavia
were £159m and £331m (2011: £187m and £387m) which represented 19% and
41% of the insurance result respectively.
The operating result is £684m (2011: £727m). Profit before tax is £479m
(2011: £613m), with 2011 reflecting high levels of realised gains on the
sale of equity investments. Profit after tax is £351m (2011: £427m). The
return on equity is 9.1% (2011: 11.5%)
The Group's capital position remains healthy with an IGD surplus of
£1.2bn (2011: £1.3bn) covering the capital requirement 1.9 times (2011:
2.0 times) and economic capital of £1.2bn (2011: £1.2bn) (on a 1 in 200
year calibration).
Our strategy is unchanged and we continue to deliver against it. We are
a pure play general insurer and aim to outperform in each of our chosen
markets through leveraging our strengths in our people, underwriting,
distribution and claims management. The delivery of our strategy is
based around some fundamental principles.
We manage the business with a firm operational grip. RSA is a diverse
business with operations in 32 countries and sells insurance across
multiple product lines in over 140 countries. Over many years we have
created processes and systems which ensure that local, regional and
central management have excellent visibility of and accountability for
performance. This structure ensures that issues arising are dealt with
quickly and decisively. At the centre we deploy rigorous performance
management with each business subject to a detailed quarterly
performance review and annual strategy review.
This approach to operational management is supplemented by our
commitment to prudent financial management. We consistently reserve our
business to create prudency in our insurance liabilities which has led
to a consistent track record of positive prior year development. We
apply a high quality, low risk investment strategy. We make prudent use
of reinsurance, which protects the business from extreme natural
catastrophes, such that combined ratios have been very stable over many
Our strategy is to maximise returns on capital in mature markets and to
have the flexibility to increase capital allocation to growth markets.
Our unique geographic footprint gives us exposure to some of the most
attractive general insurance markets in the world. In many of these
territories, we have achieved a leading market position which creates
economies of scale and distribution strength. In other markets, we have
opportunities to grow both organically and through selective bolt-on
acquisitions. Furthermore, all of our businesses benefit from being part
of a leading global insurer, which provides them with competitive
advantage over local operators.
Outlook and Financial Targets
We are excited by the prospects for the business. We expect to continue
to grow net written premiums across the business and anticipate strong
premium growth in 2013. In Emerging Markets we continue to see
opportunities to grow our franchises in Latin America, Asia, the Middle
East and Central and Eastern Europe both organically and inorganically.
Through organic growth, we expect to increase the size of our Emerging
Markets business, including our associates, to £2.2bn of net written
premiums by 2015, creating operational leverage and an improving expense
ratio with a consequent improvement in combined ratio. Where we cannot
see a route to outperformance we will take action to exit markets, as we
have done in 2012 in the Czech Republic and Dutch Caribbean.
In Canada, we expect to see further market consolidation which will
allow us to continue to grow market share and consolidate our position
as one of the top three general insurers. We aim to grow the business
both organically and through selective bolt on acquisitions. We expect
the Scandinavian markets to grow in line with local economic growth and
our businesses to grow in line with the market. We expect Canadian and
Scandinavian combined ratios to continue at around current levels over
the medium term.
In the UK, we are reshaping the portfolio in a challenging environment
and expect underlying growth in our chosen segments to be broadly offset
by reductions in less profitable business lines. We expect this will
lead to a trend of improving combined ratios in the UK over the next
three years. Italy is on track to be trading on a break even basis
during 2013 and Ireland is expected to continue to grow both premiums
and profit.
We will, however, continue to see the effect of falling investment
yields on investment income and expect to deliver around £470m of
investment income in 2013. Assuming the current yield environment
persists beyond 2013, we expect the fall in investment income to
continue, but to be less severe over the next three years.
Overall, we expect to achieve a combined ratio of better than 95% in
2013 and deliver return on equity of between 10 and 12% with further
improvements in both of these metrics in the medium term.
Earnings in recent years have been reduced by the material fall in bond
yields which has led to a situation where our dividend payout ratio was
becoming unsustainable, and creating a constraint on our ability to
invest in future growth opportunities.
After taking into consideration the expectation of a prolonged low bond
yield environment, the need for a more sustainable dividend going
forward and more opportunities to continue to develop and grow our
businesses outside the UK in the coming years, the Board is recommending
a final dividend for 2012 which will be 33% lower than that of the prior
year. The Board expects to recommend a similar change in the interim
dividend for 2013 versus 2012. Thereafter, the Group intends to pursue a
progressive dividend policy in line with the anticipated underlying
growth in earnings. We intend to continue to offer the option of a scrip
Simon Lee
Group Chief Executive
1 at constant exchange rate
RSA is the third largest P&C insurer in Sweden and Denmark, with a
growing presence in Norway. In all three countries we offer a range of
products across Personal and Commercial lines, with particular strengths
in Swedish Personal Accident, Swedish Personal Motor, Danish Renewable
Energy and Care.
Net written premiums in Scandinavia were up 3% on a constant exchange
rate basis to £1,791m (2011: £1,824m as reported; £1,744m at constant
exchange) with solid growth across most major product lines. New
business volumes more than offset lapses which together with solid rate
increases across all products led to the growth in premiums. Strong
growth in Norway (premiums up 23% at constant exchange) and good growth
in Sweden (up 3% at constant exchange) was partly offset by a decline in
premiums in Denmark (down 2% at constant exchange) where we have been
focused on improving profitability. Swedish underwriting profit was down
but remained strong at £157m with a COR of 83.5%. We saw good
improvements in Denmark with an underwriting result of £75m and a COR of
88.9%, whilst in Norway the underwriting result improved to £5m with a
COR of 96.4%.
Scandinavian underwriting profit was £237m (2011: 264m). A strong
current year underwriting result together with continued positive prior
year development led to a combined operating ratio of 86.6% (2011:
85.4%). The claims ratio was stable at 67.7% (2011: 67.6%) whilst the
expense ratio increased, primarily reflecting the investments we are
making in new systems in Denmark. After including investment returns of
£94m (2011: £123m), the insurance result was £331m (2011: £387m).
Personal net written premiums of £973m were up 3% on a constant exchange
rate basis (2011: £982m as reported; £942 at constant exchange).
Household premiums were up 1% with strong rate increases throughout the
year, leading to an improved combined ratio of 103.6% (2011: 111.3%).
Personal Motor premiums were up 2% to £391m (2011: £398m as reported;
£382 at constant exchange) including 31% growth in Norway as we benefit
from our distribution deal with the Norwegian Automobile Federation. The
Personal Motor COR was 68.3% (2011: 64.2%) with continued strong
performances in both current year and prior year in Sweden leading to a
Scandinavian Personal Motor underwriting result of £124m (2011: £147m).
In Personal Accident we have a leading position in Sweden. Premiums were
up 7% but underwriting profits were down 39% to £80m (2011: £136m) due
to lower positive prior year development.
Commercial net written premiums of £818m were up 2% on a constant
exchange rate basis (2011: £842m as reported; £802 at constant
exchange). Commercial Property premiums were down 2% whilst the
underwriting result improved to a £5m underwriting loss (2011: £20m
underwriting loss) due to fewer weather events and lower large losses in
2012. Commercial Liability premiums were flat at constant exchange but
the underwriting result improved to £44m (2011: £17m) with improved
contributions across all three markets. Commercial Motor premiums were
flat at constant exchange and the combined ratio was stable at 102.1%
(2011: 101.8%) as claims inflation was offset by rate increases. Marine
performance was in line with 2011 whilst Care profitability was down
mainly due to the exceptionally low COR in Danish Care in 2011.
Scandinavia – Outlook
We expect the Scandinavian markets to continue to grow in line with
local GDP growth. We expect to grow in line with the market in Sweden
and Denmark whilst continuing to build market share in Norway. We expect
continued strong levels of profitability as we benefit from our
established market positions across Personal, Commercial and Specialty.
RSA is the third largest general insurer in Canada with a market share
of around 7%. RSA Canada comprises a leading Personal and Commercial
broker business, our direct business, Johnson, and our commercial
brokerage, Noraxis.
Net written premiums in Canada were up 8% on a constant exchange rate
basis to £1,614m (2011: £1,483m as reported; £1,493m at constant
exchange) driven predominantly by strong organic growth across Personal
and Commercial broker product lines, supplemented by three months
benefit from the acquisition of L'Union Canadienne in Quebec which
contributed 2% of the growth. Underwriting profit was £98m (2011: £116m)
including a specific strengthening of prior year reserves in Personal
Motor. Consequently, combined ratios worsened to 93.7% (2011: 91.6%).
After including investment returns of £61m (2011: £71m), the insurance
result was £159m (2011: £187m).
Personal premiums were up 7% on constant exchange to £1,090m (2011:
£1,012m as reported; £1,019m at constant exchange). In Personal Motor,
premiums grew by 4% but underwriting profit was down to £17m (2011:
£75m) due to the identification and resolution of adverse development in
the bodily injury and accident benefits reserves in the pre-reform
Johnson Ontario motor book. As a consequence the Personal Motor combined
ratio was 97.9% (2011: 88.5%). A thorough review of motor reserves in
Canada has been completed which has given comfort over the adequacy of
current reserves.
Personal Household premiums were up 13% to £396m (2011: £349m as
reported; £351 at constant exchange) with good growth in both Johnson
and Personal Broker business driven by strong rating action across all
provinces and continued good retention rates. The combined ratio
improved to 92.6% (2011: 99.5%) generating an underwriting profit of
£26m (2011: £(1)m underwriting loss).
In Commercial lines, premiums were up 11% at constant exchange to £524m
(2011: £471m as reported; £474m at constant exchange) with strong growth
across all product lines and significant new business wins amongst large
commercial brokers. Our Commercial proposition continues to benefit from
the acquisition of GCAN in 2011. Underwriting profits were up 28% to
£55m (2011: £42m) with particular strength in Liability.
The acquisition of L'Union Canadienne (UC) was completed on 1 October
2012. Integration is underway and progressing in line with our business
case assumptions. This acquisition, which is around 70% Personal lines
and 30% Commercial lines, will increase RSA's penetration in the
attractive Quebec market (the second largest provincial market in
Canada) and makes RSA the fifth largest insurer in Quebec. During the
fourth quarter UC contributed £38m of net written premium.
Canada – Outlook
The Canadian P&C market will remain a highly attractive market for RSA.
We expect continued single digit market growth led by a strong and
stable economy and an established insurance market, characterised by
underwriting discipline. We expect to outperform the market in terms of
growth and profitability as we continue to drive organic growth from our
unique distribution model, realise the benefits from the recent
acquisitions we have made and look for further opportunities to
participate in market consolidation.
1 at constant exchange rate
Our Emerging Markets business operates in twenty countries across Latin
America, Asia, the Middle East and Central and Eastern Europe. During
the year we have materially strengthened our position in Argentina with
the acquisitions of El Comercio and ACG and have taken steps to release
capital by exiting the Czech Republic and selling our operation in the
Dutch Caribbean.
Emerging Markets delivered strong premium growth of 17% at constant
exchange to £1,237m (2011: £1,103m as reported; £1,061m at constant
exchange). Including non-consolidated associates in India and Thailand,
premiums were up 16% at constant exchange to £1,540m (2011: £1,395m as
reported; £1,333m at constant exchange). As we build scale in Emerging
Markets, we are starting to benefit from operating leverage on expenses.
Underwriting expenses were up 6% leading to an improved expense ratio
(excluding commissions) of 21.6% (2011: 22.8%) and improved combined
ratio of 96.9% (2011: 98.7%) and a significantly better underwriting
result of £33m (2011: £3m). The business delivered an investment result
of £45m (2011: £51m) leading to an insurance result up 44% to £78m.
Start-up costs of £19m in 2012 will fall to zero by 2014. Emerging
Markets is already delivering attractive returns on capital given the
low capital intensity of the products sold.
In Latin America, we have attractive and developing market positions
which give us access to approximately 80% of the general insurance
markets in the region. We are the number one general insurer in Chile,
number one private general insurer in Uruguay and a leading insurer in
Argentina. Latin American premiums were up 20% at constant exchange to
£766m (2011: £670m as reported; £640m at constant exchange), including
£43m from the acquisitions in Argentina which completed on 31 July 2012.
Premiums were up in all territories including 7% growth in Chile and 79%
growth in Argentina (36% growth excluding 2012 acquisitions).
Underwriting profits were £21m (2011: £19m) with strong contributions
from Argentina, Chile, Mexico and our leading Marine business in Brazil.
In Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) we are the leading insurer across
the Baltic States and we have leading direct businesses in Poland and
Russia. Premiums were up 9% at constant exchange to £224m with strong
growth in Estonia (up 67%), Russia (up 25%) and Poland (up 11%). The
underwriting result was a £2m loss (2011: £5m underwriting loss) with a
combined ratio of 100.6% (2011: 101.4%). Economic conditions are
improving and we expect the business to deliver a profit in 2013.
In Asia and the Middle East, RSA has a strong Specialty business with
exposure across the region. In addition we have retail businesses in
China, Singapore and Hong Kong and minority stakes in businesses in
India and Thailand. We are one of the leading insurers in the Middle
East with a number one position in Oman and have businesses in UAE,
Bahrain and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Asian premiums were up 19% at
constant exchange to £120m (2011: £99m as reported, £101m at constant
exchange) with strong growth in Specialty lines and up 13% to £423m
including non-consolidated associates in India and Thailand.
Underwriting profit in Asia improved to £5m (2011: £17m underwriting
loss). In the Middle East we delivered 10% growth in premiums to £127m
(2011: £115m as reported and at constant exchange) and an increase in
the underwriting profit to £9m (2011: £6m).
Emerging Markets Outlook
We expect to continue to deliver strong growth from our Emerging Markets
franchises and are on track to meet our target of £2.2bn of premiums
(including our associates) in 2015. We anticipate achieving this target
without further M&A activity, although we continue to seek opportunities
to grow the business through selective bolt-on acquisitions. As we grow
the scale of our Emerging Markets business, we expect further operating
leverage to emerge in the expense line, leading to improved combined
ratios, growth in underwriting profit and further improvement in return
on capital.
UK & Western Europe delivered a 1% increase in net written premiums to
£3,689m (2011: £3,701m as reported; £3,654 at constant exchange) and
underwriting profit of £12m (2011: £1m). With investment result of £233m
(2011: £245m), the insurance result was £245m (2011: £246m).
In the UK we are a leading Commercial insurer and a top five Personal
lines insurer through direct and affinity channels. In Commercial we
offer a full suite of products across Property, Liability, Motor and
Marine and distribute predominantly through insurance brokers. In
Personal we provide Household, Motor and Pet insurance through insurance
brokers and affinity partners as well as MORE THN and eChoice, our
direct businesses.
UK premiums were up 2% to £3,007m (2011: £2,958m) as targeted reductions
in Personal Motor (down 19%) were offset by growth in Household (up 3%),
Pet (up 18%) and Commercial lines (up 6%). UK underwriting profits were
£39m (2011: £62m) primarily driven by the impact of adverse weather in
the first half and weaker performance in Marine and Commercial Liability
leading to a combined ratio of 98.2% (2011: 97.3%).
UK Personal premiums were down 3% to £1,319m (2011: £1,364m), whilst
underwriting profit improved by 17% to £70m (2011: £60m). Following poor
weather in the first half, Personal Household underwriting profit was
down 5% to £54m (2011: £57m). The focus on profit over volume in
Personal Motor delivered £10m of underwriting profit (2011: break even)
although softening prices throughout the year continue to make this a
challenging market. Pet insurance delivered a stronger underwriting
profit of £6m (2011: £3m).
We are actively dealing with the challenges in the UK Commercial Market.
We remain selective regarding the brokers we want to work with and have
driven rate increases across the business. Premiums were up 6% to
£1,688m (2011: £1,594m). Commercial Property performed well with
premiums up 8% and underwriting profits of £22m (2011: £12m) benefitting
from sustained rating activity. Liability premiums were up 1% to £280m
(2011: £276m) but an underwriting loss of £21m (2011: £4m underwriting
profit) reflected a number of large losses and an increase in the
frequency of "slip and trip" claims. We are addressing this trend
through underwriting and rating action. Included in the Commercial Motor
result is a large Commercial Motor contract which represents the
majority of Commercial Motor premiums and the underwriting loss. We are
working on the details of new arrangements for this contract, to be
effective from October 2013, however, Commercial Motor will continue to
be negatively affected by the contract's old tranches for the next few
years. We are confident that we are making progress in the Commercial
Motor market. Excluding the large contract, Commercial Motor premiums
were down 12%. During the year we have exited a number of Commercial
Motor markets including Risk Managed Motor and Motor Trade which
represented the balance of the Commercial Motor underwriting loss.
Marine premiums grew by 9% to £319m (2011: £293m) but the underwriting
result suffered from large losses including the Costa Concordia and
Superstorm Sandy leading to a profit of £12m (2011: £23m).
Premiums in Ireland of £348m (2011: £353m as reported; £331m at constant
exchange) were up 5% in a market that was expected to contract by 6% in
2012. Underwriting profits were up 14% driven by continued impressive
performance from 123.ie, our direct insurer acquired in 2010, leading to
a combined ratio of 94.2% (2011: 92.6%). In Italy, remediation is on
track with premiums down 18% to £200m (2011: £261m as reported; £244m at
constant exchange). Including the impact of the Italian earthquakes and
some adverse weather in the first half, the underwriting loss was £51m
(2011: £63m). Importantly, the Italian underwriting loss in the second
half has reduced to £10m. European Specialty delivered 11% growth in
premiums and an underwriting loss of £1m (2011: £22m underwriting loss).
Outlook – UK and Western Europe
Our focus will continue to be on underwriting profit over volume. We
will continue with our intensive approach to portfolio management and
expect only modest growth in premiums. Italy is on track to be trading
on a break even basis during 2013. We expect year on year improvements
in combined ratios as we deliver the strategy in UK and Western Europe.
The Group continued to execute a low risk investment strategy which
delivered £515m of investment income in 2012 (2011: £579m). After
accounting for the unwind of discount, the investment result was down
11% to £431m (2011: £485m).
The 11% fall in investment income primarily reflects the impact of
falling sovereign and corporate bond yields partly offset by a number of
factors. Income from equities in 2012 was enhanced by both the weighting
of our holdings to higher yielding stocks and the receipt of a number of
one-off equity dividends which we do not expect to be repeated in 2013.
Investment income in 2011 was enhanced by around £25m following the
settlement of a rental dispute in Denmark.
The average underlying yield on the portfolio was 3.6% (2011: 3.9%).
Reinvestment rates in the Group's main bond portfolios at 31 December
2012 were around 150bps lower than the underlying portfolio yield.
Total gains of £28m (2011: £157m) reflected realised gains from the sale
of equities and bonds during the year partly offset by a decline in the
value of investment properties.
Balance sheet unrealised gains of £730m (2011: £603m) primarily relate
to unrealised gains on the bond portfolio which we expect to reduce over
time as our bond holdings reach maturity. Balance sheet unrealised
equity gains amounted to £86m (2011: £93m).
The portfolio decreased marginally in value over the year due to
negative FX and cash flow used to fund corporate activity.
The portfolio is invested in widely diversified fixed income securities,
with 4% in equities, 9% in cash and 2% in property. During 2012 we
increased investments in longer duration assets with average duration
increasing to 3.8 years (2011: 3.4 years). In addition, we reduced our
sovereign debt holdings and purchased increased levels of non-government
bonds which now make up 64% of the bond portfolio (2011: 60%). The
quality of the bond portfolio remains very high with 98% investment
grade and 69% rated AA or above. We are well diversified by sector and
geography. Peripheral European sovereign debt amounts to less than 1% of
the portfolio and is primarily backing the liabilities of our insurance
operations in Ireland and Italy.
During the year we reduced our equity exposure by £279m which now
represent 4% of the portfolio (2011: 5%). Around 65% of the equity
portfolio is hedged providing protection down to a FTSE100 level of
Investment Income: Outlook
In 2013, we will continue to follow our high quality, low risk strategy.
Given current portfolio disposition and market levels further increases
in bond duration and non-government bond holdings are likely to be
modest. We will however continue to seek opportunities to enhance yield
within our low risk framework and would anticipate income of around
£470m in 2013. Assuming the current yield environment persists beyond
2013, we expect the fall in investment income to continue but to be less
severe over the following three years.
Movement in net assets
Pension fund position
The table below provides a reconciliation of the Group's pension fund
position (net of tax) from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2012.
The UK pension fund position has deteriorated by £46m since 31 December
2011 to a deficit of £111m. This is driven by a decrease in the discount
rate partly offset by greater than expected returns on assets and a
reduction in the pension inflation rate.
Within actuarial assumptions, the discount rate decreased to 4.3% (31
December 2011: 4.9%) reflecting the yield on duration adjusted AA
corporate bonds, whilst the pension inflation rate decreased to 2.6% (31
December 2011: 2.8%). Consequently the yield gap has decreased from 2.1%
to 1.7%.
The overseas pension deficit has deteriorated by £21m since 31 December
2011 to a deficit of £96m principally due to a fall in the discount rate
on the Canadian pension scheme from 5.3% to 4.4%, reflecting the AA
corporate bond yield in Canada.
The IGD surplus is unchanged since the end of the third quarter at
£1.2bn (31 December 2011: £1.3bn) and coverage over the IGD requirement
remains strong at 1.9 times (31 December 2011: 2.0 times). The reduction
in the surplus over the year reflects profits offset by dividends and
the acquisitions in Argentina and Canada.
When calibrated to a risk tolerance consistent with the expected
Solvency II calibration of 1 in 200 per annum, the ECA surplus was
£1.2bn (31 December 2011: £1.2bn). When calibrated to Standard & Poor's
long term A rated bond default curve, equivalent to a probability of
insolvency over one year of 1 in 1,250 the ECA surplus was £0.7bn at 31
December 2012 (31 December 2011: £0.8bn). The decline in risk free
yields and the impact of goodwill from acquisitions have been largely
offset by capital generated, improved modelling of our assets in
run-off, and the impact of the proposed new dividend policy.
The further delay in the implementation date for Solvency II is
frustrating. We have rephased our implementation project to minimise
costs whilst ensuring that we remain on track for implementation. In
2012 Solvency II costs were £32m (2011: £30m). We expect the costs of
Solvency II to fall by around 50% from their 2012 level for the next two
years. We still do not anticipate that Solvency II will cause any
fundamental change to the way we run the business.
Our financing and liquidity position remains strong. The next call on
any external financing is on the £450m subordinated guaranteed perpetual
notes in December 2014 and our committed £500m senior facility has
remained and continues to remain undrawn.
The Group is currently rated A+ (negative outlook) by Standard & Poor's
and A2 by Moody's.
Other operating activities include the ongoing investment in our
associate in India and our direct operations in Central and Eastern
Europe, for which the charge in 2012 reduced by £7m to £19m and is
expected to fall further in 2013 and to zero in 2014.
The effective tax rate for the year was 27% (2011: 30%).
Return on equity
Underlying return on equity is 10.0% (2011: 11.6%) and is calculated as
the profit after tax attributable to ordinary shareholders from
continuing operations, excluding acquisitions, disposals and
reorganisation costs expressed in relation to opening shareholders'
funds attributable to ordinary shareholders.
Combined operating ratio
The combined operating ratio represents the sum of expense and
commission costs expressed in relation to net written premiums and claim
costs expressed in relation to net earned premiums. The calculation of
the COR of 95.4% is based on net written premiums of £8,353m and net
earned premiums of £8,167m.
Net asset value per share
The net asset value per share at 31 December 2012 excluding IAS 19 was
107p (31 December 2011: 108p) and including the pension deficit was 101p
(31 December 2011: 104p).
The net asset value per share at 31 December 2012 was based on total
shareholders' funds of £3,750m, adjusted by £125m for preference shares.
Earnings per share
The earnings per share is calculated by reference to the result
attributable to the ordinary shareholders of the Parent Company and the
weighted average number of shares in issue during the period. Operating
earnings per share is calculated by reference to the after tax result
attributable to the equity shareholders excluding amortisation,
reorganisation costs, Solvency II costs and acquisitions and disposals
and the weighted average number of shares in issue during the period. On
a basic and diluted basis these were 3,534,577,360 and 3,576,531,553
respectively (excluding those held in ESOP and SIP trusts). The number
of shares in issue at 31 December 2012 was 3,589,761,696 (excluding
those held in ESOP and SIP trusts).
In 2012, there have been no related party transactions that have
materially affected the financial position of the Group.
At the 2013 Annual General Meeting we intend to recommend to
shareholders that they appoint KPMG as auditors for 2013. This follows
the impending appointment of our current auditors, Deloitte, to
undertake additional consultancy work in Scandinavia which we and they
felt could impair the perception of their independence.
* Assets held for sale relate to property in Canada and Scandinavia.
Analysts & Investors
Email: [email protected]
The full text of the above is available to the public at 1 Leadenhall
Street, London EC3V 1PP. The text is also available online at www.rsagroup.com.
A live audiocast of the analyst presentation, including the question and
answer session, will be broadcast on the website at 9.30am today and is
available via a listen only conference call by dialling UK Freephone
0800 358 5256 or International dial in: + 44 (0) 208 515 2313.
Participants should quote conference ID 4593638. An indexed version of
the audiocast will be available on the website by the end of the day.
Copies of the slides to be presented at the analyst meeting will be
available on the site from 9.00am today. Scanning the QR code opposite
will download details of the conference call to a smart phone.
An interim management statement will be released on 2 May 2013.
The Annual General Meeting will take place on 15 May 2013.
The 2013 interim results will be released on 1 August 2013.
The analysis on pages 16 and 21 to 23 has been prepared on a non
statutory basis as management believe that this is the most appropriate
method of assessing the financial performance of the Group. The
management basis reflects the way management monitor the business. The
underwriting result includes insurance premiums, claims and commissions
and underwriting expenses. In addition, the management basis also
discloses a number of items separately such as investment result,
interest costs, reorganisation costs and other activities. Estimation
techniques, risks, uncertainties and contingencies are included on pages
25 to 28. Financial information on a statutory basis is included on
pages 30 to 38.
Visit www.rsagroup.com
for more information.
This press release (together with the Annual Report and Accounts
referred to herein) has been prepared in accordance with the
requirements of English company law and the liabilities of the directors
in connection with this press release (together with the Annual Report
and Accounts referred to herein) shall be subject to the limitations and
restrictions provided by such law. This press release may contain
'forward-looking statements' with respect to certain of the Group's
plans and its current goals and expectations relating to its future
financial condition, performance, results, strategic initiatives and
objectives. Generally, words such as "may", "could", "will", "expect",
"intend", "estimate", "anticipate", "aim", "outlook", "believe", "plan",
"seek", "continue" or similar expressions identify forward-looking
statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of
future performance. By their nature, all forward-looking statements
involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to future events and
circumstances which are beyond the Group's control, including amongst
other things, UK domestic and global economic business conditions,
market-related risks such as fluctuations in interest rates and exchange
rates, the policies and actions of regulatory authorities (including
changes related to capital and solvency requirements), the impact of
competition, inflation, deflation, the timing impact and other
uncertainties of future acquisitions or combinations within relevant
industries, as well as the impact of tax and other legislation or
regulations in the jurisdictions in which the Group and its affiliates
operate. As a result, the Group's actual future financial condition,
performance and results may differ materially from the plans, goals and
expectations set forth in the Group's forward-looking statements. The
Group undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements,
save in respect of any requirement under applicable law or regulation.
Nothing in this press release (together with the Annual Report and
Accounts referred to herein) should be construed as a profit forecast.
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text:
This era that you are living in has changed a lot of how you do the most basic of activities. You don't write letters and send it off at the post office nowadays, do you? There's SMS and e-mail for that. You rarely even see phones with cords these times. Moreover, due to the internet, a lot of people are now taking entertainment to the virtual world of online gaming.
What is online gaming? You may ask. Well, its name would speak for itself. Basically, you play games on the internet. These usually are multiplayer which means that you get to play with other people from all parts of the globe (or just in your country if the game is built that way). Now, as for how people got hooked with this fun activity. These online game ads are everywhere in the internet. They pop up like crazy and you would be annoyed, but it might lead you to the amazing world of online games.
Online games would range from simple and "childish" games to high definition and intensively designed game play. Yes, they come with all shapes and sizes, bits and pixels, yet they are still one of the most preferred ways for self-entertainment.
Why is it so FUN?
It lets you meet (or chat) people from faraway places
Many online games are multiplayer games. Game developers and their brilliant minds, would usually incorporate a chat box in their games to let the players communicate with each other. After all, some are playing as a team. This would give the players an opportunity to meet other players as well. You gain friends while having fun. Now, that's double fun.
You don't have to spend (if you don't want to)
Some games give you an option to buy certain upgrades or tokens to be played in their games but it would still be your decision to buy. Yet, fret not; most online games are free to play. Remember that it is optional to spend money so better keep your coins to yourself. Truth be told though, there are titles that only appear like they're free-to-play but they're actually not – certain mechanics make it a must to spend on premiums. So, you need to be a bit discerning in choosing your online game.
You are in the comfort of your own home
Plop down on your couch and lay your device on your lap. Sip some iced tea. Do yoga and some stretching and let the fun seep into your body. But really, nothing beats having fun in a comfortable environment. It's like chilling and relaxing while defending your tower that is being attacked by an army of ravenous beings (props to whoever can master the art of being calm while at the edge of losing an online game).
What you have just read, are mainly the other reasons why online games are fun. It's already a given though, given how humans are so into entertainment (most people are just so bored with the daily grind). Humans seek adventure, take risks and leaps of faith, and do other things just to have that adrenaline going. And as you may think, it's crazy how one activity can give you all those. Even if there are a lot of posts about the negative sides of online gaming, it's impossible to just overlook how enjoyable online gaming really is. At least give it credit for introducing a whole new kind of fun to people's lives – and maybe, soon enough, into yours.
Thanks to www.seoexplode.com for the internet visibility for doing your job and making people notice these things.


text:
Are the external links on this page acceptable? To put it another way, are they just fan-based links?
Also, are there other categories with external links on them? They would seem to be better placed in articles.--31dot 12:43, November 2, 2009 (UTC)
- I cannot speak for the second link, but Bern Schneider's Ex Astris Scientia is renowned for it's strict adherence to canon, no non-canon ship designs here, and his site has been linked to in numerous starship articles in Memory Alpha like Ambassador-class, Jem'Hadar battle cruiser, Starships at Wolf 359, K'tinga class and so on. He is also in contact with many former production team members of Star Trek who provide him with behind-the-scenes info. The quality of his site is second to none and in my mind totally acceptable for linking to...Kind regards, --Sennim 16:40, Novenmber 2, 2009 (GMT)


text:
A-75 buzz
I am a rookie.
But somehow I managed to build an A-75 about 2 years ago and since then I have lived with a buzzing sound, not too annoying with my main speakers but really obnoxious with some single driver boxes I am now toying with.
Question: The buzz is not the traditional hum, but more like what I would suspect is related to either the diodes or voltage doubler circuit in the regulated power supply. Where should I look for the source and/or how can I eliminate (or reduce) the buzz?
Look on the rails for the front end using a scope,
and if they look like they don't have any ripple,
say only a few millivolts AC, then the amplifier
might be oscillating, in which case you look for high
frequency noise at the output, again using an
Did you add the bypass electrolytics to the driver card board? There was some slight oscillations that showed up on a few of these that were eliminated by placing an electrolytic from the + , - power inputs to ground on the driver cards. I think 150 mf, polarized. Keep - pointing to - and + pointing to + . This will mean where they come together at the ground you'll have a - to a + .
Thanks for your help. I will look into it as soon as I can stand to stop enjoying it for a while...
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Merton has failed to win a major share of the Mayor of London's £100m 'Mini Holland' fund, but the town centre is still set to become a "cycle hub."
Wimbledon town centre will be "redesigned on Dutch principles" to make it more cycle friendly, with a so-called cycle hub based at Centre Court shopping centre, according to the General London Authority (GLA).
Merton Council had submitted a bid for £32m of Boris Johnson's £100m fund but an announcement today from the Mayor's office said Merton was not successful.
But the area will receive support to revolutionise the town centre.
Merton was described as having an exceptional proposal, and Transport for London has pledged to work with the borough to take forward substantial parts of the bid to improve cycle routes and facilities.
It has not been made clear how much money the borough will receive.
Richard Tracey, GLA assembly member for Merton and Wandsworth, said: "It is a pity that Merton did not win a top prize, but the Mayor is giving some money to the runners up to allow innovative cycling route changes."
The Mayor said: "I have been incredibly impressed with the standard of the Mini Holland entries and by the thirst among all the finalists to transform themselves into better places for people.
"It has been so hard to choose between them that I have decided that all shall have prizes.
"Areas once terra incognita for the bicycle will, over time, become every bit as cycle-friendly as their Dutch equivalents - places that suburbs and towns all over Britain will want to copy."
Kingston, Enfield and Waltham Forest all received the full £30m each.
Bexley, Ealing, Merton and Richmond were hailed as having exceptional proposals.
- A couple were 'kicked out of a Wimbledon restaurant because of their hearing assistance dog'
- Seven police officers sent to seize 'dangerous' Yorkshire terrier
- A man from Morden has been banned from every pub in Merton and Sutton
- A Worcester Park student models alongside Kate Moss in Vogue the same month she get's her A level results
- 'I was so scared I wanted to run away,' - Wimbledon kickboxer about to represent Team GB at World Championships didn't start the sport with competition in mind


text:
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