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Hey friends, I have been having a torrid time with my IGPMP. The problem is this racquet does not have any pop and torsional stability especially when I am trying to hit with spin.It has a small sweetspot and has given me arm problems. I have tried sonic pro 17 twice in low 50s and it killed my arm. Tried RIP Control 17 at 52 lbs for comfort(did not use a dampner) and noticed while it brought decent pop(not much,didnt expect either.),hitting with spin would still twist the racquet in my hand. Sweetspot was also nothing special. But as soon as I put a dampner in the strings the stringed becomes dead and stiff suddenly.I have never notice such stark contrast in playability with use of a dampner in any racquet before.What may be causing it? The thing is unlikely to be a fake one as I got them from authorized HEAD India dealer. Could it be because my grommets(ClearCAP) may be defective and are not allowing the strings to slide over one another? Should I change to black ones? How do I figure out the problem and rectify it?Is there a way out or should I dump it altogether. I understand that with players' sticks you get what you put in but in this case I am not even getting 40% and having unwanted elbow issues instead. I do not want to give up on the racquet as I love the easy swing,ease with which I can hit 1HBH,the way it makes you want to play aggressively and.... oh I forgot.... the money it cost me(). I can feel that there is something missing with the racquet as I have played with a few heavier player's racquets and can notice the difference. Please help............
I play with three IG Prestige Pros (bought at TW) and have not noticed any issues with the grommets. Did you have arm pain before? with which racquets? The Pro doesn't bother my arm (full bed is WCSS or SPPP at 50) and the MP is softer and not likely to cause arm pain especially with the RIP. If you have never had issues with another racquet, there may very well be something to this as the IGPMP is a pretty stable racquet. I don't know if it would be th grommets, but it would be cheap enough to replace them and put you mind at ease.
HeyEss Many thanx for ur views. I have never had arm issues(may be few minor ones but not recently). I have a farely decent technique. I have been trying to eleminate the variables,that is why I first went with Sonic Pro 17 at 55 and then 51 lbs,but that damaged my arm. I tried Sonic in other racquet(wilson 310 gms) and noticed that while I was not having as many problems as with the prestige but that string is definitely very stiff and can harm the arm. So then I come to rip control 17,get decent pop and comfort without dampner but cant understand why the racquet becomes totally dead once I put in a dampner? While trying to hit with spin(Have a fast wrist action and more conventional forehand grip,not a western grip),I can feel the strings refusing to slide over each other.And since you grip is not very firm when u r hitting with spin,the racquet either twists in your hand or you can not connect properly. I an attempt to eliminate one more variable I am thinking of changing the grommets,but I doubt that I can get black grommets in India very easily,howsoever cheap they may be. Is there any chance that I may be right regarding my suspicion about the grommets. I have also tried 4 gms of lead at 3&9 but did not get much benefit. I played with Wilson N-coed six-one team(18x20,upweigthed to 315 unstrung)before Prestige and never had problems hitting good groundies or finding the sweetspot. I need all the help as I really do not want to give up on this racquet.
The prestige naturally has a small sweetspot, and you may not be used to a racket with such a small sweet spot. The prestige mp also has a much lower sw than most players frames, which gives it low power and not much stability. Add 2grams @10 and 2 for more power, stability, and bigger sweet spot. If that doesn't work, get a new racket that's easier for you to use.
I have an IG Prestige MP as well and I can definitely agree that it has a very small sweet spot. I've never really realized it as much until I had a 1.5 hour hitting session last night with a new 2013 Babolat APD. That thing has a HUGE sweetspot. Not once did I mis-hit the ball. All shots felt very solid and well-connected to the racquet. It was a nice vacation from "small sweet-spot-ville". All I can say is the Prestige is an advanced player's racquet that's designed for people who have very good hand-eye coordination. Same with the BLX 90 that Federer uses. It takes more skill to wield those sticks consistently for an entire 2 hour match and live to tell the tale. It's not the cap grommets, either. There isn't anything special about them, only that they add more weight to the hoop (which is their purpose). Also, 52 lbs with a multi? that must be rather powerful. Honestly, you should be stringing that thing no less than 56 or 58 lbs with a soft, powerful multi such as RIP control. I think you may find better stability with your shots. I don't use multis in my Prestige, I use poly so I can get away with stringing @ lower tensions. I understand you may have arm issues, but that's a really soft frame. If you still have arm issues with a soft multi @ 58 lbs on a 62 RA racquet, then you perhaps should see a doctor. It doesn't get much softer than that. OR, your stroke could be off. What's your grip? SW? E? W? Perhaps post a vid of yourself hitting in the Tips section.
C.A.P. System Grommets are not there to add more weigh to the hoop. They are there to protect the hoop and strings from damage when coming into contact with the court. If you liked the Babolat Aero ProDrive so much better I highly recommend you switch to it. You are comparing a 16x19, variable widebody 100sq.in frame to a 18x20, straight beam, 95sq.in frame. They are two totally different animals.
I totally agree that the comparison to an APD is pointless. That's like saying you drove a miata and a camry and the miata is so much more fun to drive. The APD and Prestige are aimed at completely different parts of the market. By the way, I find the sweetspot on the prestige mp to be fairly large for and 18x20 95 sq in frame.
I agree. First I had my IG Prestige MP strung at 27/26 kg (59/57 lbs) that felt way too boardy. Lately I had it strung at a 24/23 kg (53/51 lbs) tension that feels much better to me.
Thank you guys. You all are very welcome to help me out. My logic is simple. It could be either me or the racket underperforming. I have played with a few players rackets such as earlier ProStaff90,PS95 6.1si,Dunlop200G(18x20,2002-2004 version, don't know the exact iteration because it's not on the racket.).I could play very comfortably with each of them though wielding them for 1-2 hours would tire me out. I have also played with K-90(Asian version 320gms) but never had problems finding sweetspot,spin and comfort. I asked other guys to hit with my IGPMP,they all seem to agree that the racquet is transferring shock to the arm and the stringed feels stiff.I have following doubts that you can clear Why does the racket becomes totally dead as soon as I put on a dampner, even with a multi (RIP Control 17) at low tension? Has anybody ever noticed change in racket's performance after replacing grommets.Are grommets likely to be the culprits? I am open to question my own abilities but there is definitely something with the racket also. I also agree with views that IGPMP's performance improves with weight modifications but shouldn't the stock racket must also be fairly acceptable?
Man,I wish I could sneak in my prestige in your bag and run away with yours:twisted:.BTW I also dont like the APDs much as I prefer more compact and conventional frames.
I don't think it's the dampener. The dampener is just quieting the racquet so it's not making a pop when you hit the ball. It may have been the "pop" giving you the illusion of hitting harder. As for strings, RIP control is a fairly dead string. It's a great alternative to polys but doesn't give you the pop multi users are expecting. The IGPMP is fairly muted as well. Combined with rip and dampener, you have a fairly dead racquet. Ideally the racquet should play fine stock, but I believe racquets have gotten just a bit too light for fairly advanced players. My guess is Head (and other mfg) just expects you to customize a bit. While the IGPMP isn't too light, it's SW is too low for advanced players. My advice: add a bit of weight and change at least the mains to something with more pop. I'd use gut but that depends on what kind of a string breaker you are.
I am not convinced.First of all one needs to trust me.Without dampner the ball I was hitting would easily clear the net with some pace,with dampner it would struggle to cross the net and send vibrations to my arm. I feel that string are not sliding over each other and that's why all the stringbed placidity,no spin or pop and shock to the arm. What may be causing this is my simple query.
i have a trio of LM Prestiges Mid plus, Head measures differently on prestiges, it says 98 sq in , yet measuring the string bed excluding the frame they are 95 sq in with a simple formula, measuring including the frame they 98 sq in, 95 sq in has a more compact sweet spot than 98 sq in, thus better hand-eye coordination is called for, as to the vibration-try a gel grip, I added two grams at 3 and 9 o'clock, slight power increase-nice.
Wilson n-code 6.1 team(95 sq in,18x20,upweighted to 315-320 unstrung). mostly play doubles so polys last fairly long. hit hard forehands(more conventional grip a bit like roger's) and serves.
Its the youtek technology making the racquet go stiff at the last point of impact. The stiffness then transferring the shock to your arm. You're also using stiffer poly's. Which is shrinking the sweet spot. Try using a soft poly or hybrid-ing with a multifillament. I used to own one of these and I swapped it with a friend because when I added lead to it, it would go way to stiff to quickly.. especially on the back scratch part of my serve... I personally think this is why head has stopped using Youtek and Innegra and moved forward to the graphene compositions.
It's not that. The point you are making about racket getting stiff at the time of impact should infact make the shots more powerful. My problem is that it is not the racket that is stiff,it is the stringbed which feels stiff and strins dont move over each other easily,that's why all the problem while hitting with spin,lack of power,smaller sweetspot,twisting and vibrations etc. My question is 1. Could the grommets be causing this?I am not blaming HEAD clear grommets generally but mine may be defective.As one knows the strings are never in direct contact with racket frame,they are in contact thrugh the grommets. 2. My strings go completely dead and stiff as soon as I put the dampner on even with a multi(RIP Control 17)at low tension(52 lb).Could this phenomenon be indicating towards any problem with the grommets. 3.Has anyone gone through similar problem found solution by changing the grommets. My queries are very specific.Guys,please help without digressing.Your help is much appreciated.
18 x 20 strin pattern isn't going to get much string movement man.. you'll need a textered or sharper shaped string for spin with this frame.
It is impossible for a dampner to cause your strings to go stiff and dead! I found RIP Control to feel pretty stiff and without much power for a Multi. Re-string your racquet with Tecnifibre X-One Biphase. That is a a multi with much more pop than RIP Control.
Hey VS, I was so waiting for you to come to my rescue.The difference a dampner(Or the lack of it) was making prompted me to doubt the grommets. I have tried very hard to stick with my IGPMP but it is unbelievably troublesome.If you have gone through my earlier posts you must be well aware of my problem. Should I replace the grommets and give it a go because right now I am having all sorts of difficulties hitting with this stick specially if I am trying to hit with spin. I can feel strings resisting to slide over each other, and that's why stringbed feels very stiff.The ball feels heavy at the time of impact. Please help.


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Quick, "Imputation-free" meta-analysis with proxy-SNPs
- Christian Meesters†1, 2, 3,
- Markus Leber†2,
- Christine Herold1,
- Marina Angisch2,
- Manuel Mattheisen2, 4,
- Dmitriy Drichel1,
- André Lacour1 and
- Tim Becker1, 2Email author
© Meesters et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
Received: 30 April 2012
Accepted: 7 September 2012
Published: 12 September 2012
Meta-analysis (MA) is widely used to pool genome-wide association studies (GWASes) in order to a) increase the power to detect strong or weak genotype effects or b) as a result verification method. As a consequence of differing SNP panels among genotyping chips, imputation is the method of choice within GWAS consortia to avoid losing too many SNPs in a MA. YAMAS (Yet Another Meta Analysis Software), however, enables cross-GWAS conclusions prior to finished and polished imputation runs, which eventually are time-consuming.
Here we present a fast method to avoid forfeiting SNPs present in only a subset of studies, without relying on imputation. This is accomplished by using reference linkage disequilibrium data from 1,000 Genomes/HapMap projects to find proxy-SNPs together with in-phase alleles for SNPs missing in at least one study. MA is conducted by combining association effect estimates of a SNP and those of its proxy-SNPs. Our algorithm is implemented in the MA software YAMAS. Association results from GWAS analysis applications can be used as input files for MA, tremendously speeding up MA compared to the conventional imputation approach. We show that our proxy algorithm is well-powered and yields valuable ad hoc results, possibly providing an incentive for follow-up studies. We propose our method as a quick screening step prior to imputation-based MA, as well as an additional main approach for studies without available reference data matching the ethnicities of study participants. As a proof of principle, we analyzed six dbGaP Type II Diabetes GWAS and found that the proxy algorithm clearly outperforms naïve MA on the p-value level: for 17 out of 23 we observe an improvement on the p-value level by a factor of more than two, and a maximum improvement by a factor of 2127.
YAMAS is an efficient and fast meta-analysis program which offers various methods, including conventional MA as well as inserting proxy-SNPs for missing markers to avoid unnecessary power loss. MA with YAMAS can be readily conducted as YAMAS provides a generic parser for heterogeneous tabulated file formats within the GWAS field and avoids cumbersome setups. In this way, it supplements the meta-analysis process.
The ongoing GWAS era has led to 1,449 association findings for 237 complex traits by 6/2011 [1]. Typically small effect sizes, however, leave a large fraction of disease susceptibility unexplained, a phenomenon that has become famous as "the case of the missing heritability" [2–4]. Several potential explanations for the phenomenon were given, including over-estimation of the heritability, rare variants with larger effects, common variants with even smaller effects than observed so far, incomplete coverage of current GWAS marker panels, but also epigenetic effects [5] or interactions between genetic variants [6]. In order to address incomplete coverage and common variants with small effects, a most required method is an efficient combination of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of the same objective. Meta-analysis (MA) is capable of improving the power of GWAS and to examine the heterogeneity between studies [7, 8]. Available tools [9, 10] for meta-analysis combine study data marker by marker. Markers which are not part of all included studies are underestimated in their contribution to the phenotype under investigation. Hence, such markers may be lost in further consideration, regardless of their actual disease association, simply due to misrepresented study power. Therefore, imputation is used to unify the available marker panels of GWAS and to avoid loss of SNPs that are present in one study but not in another. Conjunction of imputation and subsequent meta-analysis has become a standard technique for combination of GWAS data. Several imputation methods have been developed during the last years, including MaCH [11], IMPUTE [12, 13], BIMBAM [14], BEAGLE [15], or EMINIM [16] which are widely used. However, imputation is a time-consuming step with high computational performance requirements, which can be conducted in acceptable time only on high performance computer clusters. Furthermore, the imputation accuracy varies greatly from SNP to SNP, which is difficult to take into account for meta-analysis, and, may result in a loss of power [17]. Hence, great care has to be taken by each research group contributing to a meta-analysis effort. Here, we present a MA-approach that directly operates on GWAS association results and that can be run within about 1 hour with our YAMAS (Yet Another Meta Analysis Software) software. In particular, it is possible to carry out a first analysis without the need to impute. The idea of our algorithm is that for SNPs that are present in one study but not in another, substitute proxy SNPs are defined using reference data from the HAPMAP [18] or 1,000 Genomes projects [19]. In this way, all SNPs that are present in at least one of the experimental marker panels can be analyzed. We evaluate the performance of the proxy algorithm with data sets that were simulated using realistic linkage disequilibrium patterns obtained from the 1,000 Genomes project. Moreover, we successfully applied our approach to Type II diabetes (T2D) GWAS data derived from the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). [20].
Results and discussion
Simulation Study
We conducted a power study based on 1,000 Genomes [19] data (August 2010 release), in order to obtain realistic linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns. We used the chromosome 22 data of the 288 individuals of European descent (CEU sample) as a "master" data set M. In general, we simulated series of new data sets M i by random re-assignment of cases-control status, so that each M i consisted of 144 cases and 144 controls. For each data set, we conducted a single-marker analysis on M i and identified the smallest p-value obtained for any of the SNPs in M i . In case was smaller than 1×10−6, we kept the simulated data set for further analysis. We stopped the simulation process when 500 data sets with had been obtained. In order to compare the relative performance of the proxy algorithm and imputing we investigated to what degree could be retrieved in a meta-analysis. For this purpose, M i was split into two "studies" A i and B i , each involving only 144 individuals. In addition, for A i SNP information was kept only for SNPs from the Illumina® Human660WQuad v1 panel, and for B i , SNP information was kept only for Affymetrix® 6.0 chip content. Meta-analysis of A i and B i was then performed either using only the SNPs available in both panels (MA-intersection), or using the proxy algorithm (MA-proxy), or based on A i and B i imputed with the IMPUTE [13] software using the 1,000 Genomes data (MA-impute). The comparison of the three MA strategies was then based on their potential to recapture the association signal in the complete master sample. To meet this purpose, the p-values , and were defined by the smallest p-values obtained within the 100 kb window around the top signal of the master file. The window size was chosen since LD typically extends about 50 kb [18]. Therefore, we investigated the regions 50 kb upstream and downstream of the top signal. Nominal "power" was then evaluated based on the minP values: we counted the fraction of data sets for which minP was smaller than α ∈{0.01,0.001,..,1×10−6}. For comparison, we will show also the power values that would be obtained when both studies A and B had been genotyped for all SNPs of the 1,000 Genomes panel (LIMIT). That reflects the upper limit of what the meta-analysis approaches could have reached. Adjustment for the number of SNPs within the 100 kb window was not performed. In particular, min PMA−proxy and min PMA−impute were treated equally, even though more SNPs were considered with imputation-based MA. Thus, MA-imputed was favored in a way by our power definition. However, in practice a significance level of 5×10−8 is the consensus to establish genome-wide significance, irrespective of the number of SNPs actually tested. Therefore, it seems to be appropriate not to adjust for the varying amount of SNPs tested when comparing different MA strategies.
We tried to mimic different scenarios of potential reference panels, an "ideal", an "incomplete" and a "mismatched" one. First, the "ideal" reference panel represents a perfect and complete match of the haplotype distribution between the study and the reference data. The "ideal" reference panel consisted of exactly the same haplotypes as the master file. In practice, the reference data will contain only a fraction of the haplotypes that are actually present in the study population, simple because of the limited size of the reference samples. Therefore, our "incomplete" reference consisted only of a third of the haplotypes present in the master file, in order to mimic a real data analysis situation. Third, the "mismatched" reference consisted only of the haplotypes of African descent (YRI sample) and was included to investigate the robustness against poorly fitting reference panels.
Running Time
Running time estimates for different number of studies
Numbers of studiesa | MA-pointwiseb | MA-proxyc |
6 | 2m5s | 92m5s |
12 | 3m42s | 94m53s |
24 | 6m56s | 100m4s |
We wish to contrast the running time of the proxy-algorithm of 92m5s (6 studies) to that of imputation. Imputation was carried out in chunks using IMPUTEv2 [13]. We used 300 CPUs such that we were able to analyze each in one go. The average running time of a chunk was 20 hours. Since 6 studies had to be analyzed, 300 CPUs run 120 hours, each. In addition, association analysis ran 5 hours on average per chromosome, using PLINK [10], i.e., 22 CPUs were needed for 30 hours, in addition. In total, but ignoring extra running time for merging of chunks, imputation and association testing took 300 · 20 · 6 + 22 · 5 · 6 = 36,600 CPU-hours which is 23,921 more than what is needed with the proxy-approach. When one assumes that ample CPUs are available to impute all chunks of one study in parallel, the running time the user actually has to wait is 20 · 6 + 5 · 6 = 150 hours, ignoring overhead that is need to check and format the data for association testing. Thus, even when a cluster with hundreds of CPUs is available, running time improves by a factor of almost one hundred with the proxy-algorithm (150h/92m5s=98).
Results from Simulation Study
Empirical levels for different nominal alpha levels (0.01 and 0.05) using different reference data sets
Strategya | Referenceb | Modelc | α = 0.05d | α= 0.01e |
MA-pointwise | - | fixed | 0.047 | 0.009 |
- | random | 0.037 | 0.006 | |
MA-proxy | ideal | fixed | 0.046 | 0.009 |
random | 0.036 | 0.007 | ||
incomplete | fixed | 0.046 | 0.009 | |
random | 0.036 | 0.006 | ||
mismatched | fixed | 0.047 | 0.009 | |
random | 0.036 | 0.007 | ||
MA-impute | ideal | fixed | 0.042 | 0.007 |
random | 0.035 | 0.006 | ||
incomplete | fixed | 0.041 | 0.007 | |
random | 0.034 | 0.006 | ||
mismatched | fixed | 0.039 | 0.008 | |
random | 0.032 | 0.006 |
When an ideal reference panel is used (Figure 1), MA with imputing strongly outperforms naïve MA restricted to the joint marker panel (MA-intersection). Thus, imputing is highly recommendable. Nevertheless, the power level with MA-impute is considerably lower than power that can be achieved with a hypothetical sample that genotyped for all 1,000 Genomes SNPs (LIMIT). Thus, our simulation study also confirms the claim that imputing cannot replace complete genotyping or sequencing [23]. MA-proxy clearly outperforms MA-intersection, but is, as expected, less powerful than MA-impute. This is partly due to, first, the smaller marker panel that MA-proxy can analyze, and, second, that in case of incomplete LD the proxy marker will not necessarily reflect the true effect size.
In the presumably most realistic scenario (incomplete reference, Figure 2), we still see an impressive power gain with MA-impute when compared to MA-intersection. The performance of MA-proxy now comes much closer to that of MA-impute than with unrealistic "ideal" reference panel. We conclude that the proxy algorithm can yield valuable ad hoc results at an early analysis stage.
Thirdly, considering the mismatched reference panel (Figure 3), it is noteworthy, that MA-impute and MA-proxy still markedly outperform naïve MA. Obviously, even distant ethnical groups still share common LD patterns that can be useful in extending SNP information. Of note, there is no longer a measurable difference between the performance of MA-proxy and MA-impute. In summary, the difference between MA-impute and MA-proxy becomes smaller with reduced fit of the reference panel with the data. This is plausible: the imputing approach is the more sophisticated one, taking into account higher-order LD, whereas the proxy algorithm uses only pairwise LD information. Thus, the relative performance of the imputing approach will be the better the more closer its assumption "concordance of the study and reference haplotype set" is fulfilled. In contrast, the proxy algorithm uses a rougher metric, and, therefore, is more robust to peculiar mismatches in haplotype structure. As a consequence, the proxy algorithm can be recommended as an alternative main approach when a close-fitting reference panel is not available.
Analysis of Type II Diabetes dbGaP Data
Type II Diabetes dbGaP studies
ID | Project | Study | Platform | SNPs | Individuals | |
1 | Health Research Vanderbilt Ua | Illumina ® Human660W-Quad v1 | 499,350 | 607 | ||
2 | Health Research Vanderbilt Ua | Illumina ® Human1M-Duo v3 | 919,602 | 1,384 | ||
3 | Health Research Northwestern Ub | Illumina ® Human660W-Quad v1 | 495,588 | 1,239 | ||
4 | Health Research Northwestern Ub | Illumina ® Human1M-Duo v3 | 908,692 | 267 | ||
5 | GENEVA Diabetes Study | NHSc | Affymetrix ® Human SNP Array 6.0 | 764,678 | 3,435 | |
6 | GENEVA Diabetes Study | HPFSd | Affymetrix ® Human SNP Array 6.0 | 787,213 | 2,606 |
There are two projects of the Northwestern NUgene Project Type 2 Diabetes from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), each of which contributed 2 studies to our analysis. The "Project Health Research - Vanderbilt University" project provided two studies from different platforms. Data generated with the Illumina® Human660W-Quad v1 chip comprised 607 individuals and 499,350 markers. Another fraction of patients were examined with the Illumina® Human1M-Duo v3 array, for which 1384 individuals and 919,602 SNPs remained after quality control (QC). The same arrays were used for the second project, the "Northwestern NUgene Project". Here, 1,239 individuals with 495,588 from the Human660W-Quad v1 array were available after QC, and, 267 individuals with 908,692 markers were available for Human1M-Duo v3. Finally the third project "GENEVA Diabetes Study", comprised two further studies, the Nurses Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). After provided quality control (QC), 3,435 individuals and 764,679 SNPs were available for NHS, and 2,606 individuals and 787,213 SNPs were available for HPFS. Both studies were performed on the Affymetrix® Human SNP Array 6.0. In total, data from three different platforms with different marker content were used in six GWAS studies.
The dbGaP data was analyzed with naïve MA (MA-intersection), i.e., conventional MA restricted to the joint marker panel, with the proxy algorithm (MA-proxy), and based on data imputed with IMPUTEv2 [16], using 1,000 Genomes reference data. We relied on the QC data available from dbGaP, since our focus was on the relative performance of the various MA approaches rather than on the detection of novel associations.
Only 141,105 SNPs were available in all six studies and 561,282 SNPs were available in at least four studies. The proxy approach enabled the analysis of 1,427,514 SNPs and SNP/SNP–proxy combinations, whereof 1,0464,482 were available in all six studies and 1,279,702 were available in at least four studies. More than 85% of the proxies had an r2 greater than 0.8 with the substituted SNP.
Our philosophy was to compare the performance of the methods on Type II Diabetes genes that the community considers to be "undoubtedly" confirmed. To this purpose, we used the catalog of published GWAS results provided by the American National Human Genome Research Institute [1]. The catalog lists 33 Type II Diabetes GWAS genes/LD regions ("gene regions") with at least one SNP that meets the genome-wide significance criterion of 5×10−8. For each of these gene regions, we investigated the 100 kb up- and downstream region of the SNP reported to be most significant and computed min PMA−impute and min PMA−proxy for the six studies available for us. Of note, a considerable part of the 33 genes was identified by meta-analysis efforts and shows only moderate odds ratios [24, 25]. As a consequence, it cannot be expected that all the genes show measurable association effects within the smaller data sets we analyzed. In other words, not all the genes will be informative for the evaluation of the performance of the two meta-analysis approaches. Therefore, we restricted our comparison to gene regions that reached a significance level of 0.05 with at least one method.
In Table 4, 22 such gene regions are shown, together with the minimum p-values for all approaches. For 16 of the gene regions, MA-proxy yields a more significant result than MA-intersection. For TCF7L2 for instance, minP improves from 3.2×10−19 to 1.5×10−22, a change by a factor of 2127. In total, there are 6 gene regions with a p-value improvement of at least a factor of 10, including FTO, IRS1, JAZF1, KCNJ11, and KCNQ1. For KCNQ1, we observe p = 0.021 with MA-intersection and p = 0.00027 with MA-proxy,
Comparison of point-wise and proxy MA of dBGaP GWAS for known type II diabetes genes
PubMed ID | Genea | rs-Catalogueb | p-Cataloguec | rs-Naived | p-Naivee | rs-Proxyf | p-Proxyg | p-Imputeh | Q(Na/Pro)i | Q(Pro/Imp)j |
20581827 | BCL11A | rs243021 | 3.0E-15 | rs243021 | 3.3E-03 | rs11697597 | 3.3E-03 | 3.2E-03 | 1 | 1.03 |
20818381 | C2CD4A,C2CD4B | rs7172432 | 9.0E-14 | rs335302 | 1.2E-03 | rs7172432 | 1.2E-03 | 1.98E-04 | 1 | 6.04 |
20581827 | CDKAL1 | rs10440833 | 2.0E-22 | rs12336110 | 2.1E-03 | rs6950237 | 2.1E-03 | 1.0E-03 | 1 | 2.10 |
19401414 | CDKN2A, CDKN2B | rs2383208 | 2.0E-29 | rs2383208 | 2.2E-03 | rs2383208 | 8.4E-04 | 5.2E-04 | 2.6 | 1.60 |
20581827 | CENTD2 | rs1552224 | 1.0E-22 | rs1552224 | 1.1E-01 | rs1552224 | 3.4E-02 | 4.8E-03 | 3.33 | 7.08 |
17463249 | FTO | rs8050136 | 7.0E-14 | rs8050136 | 8.0E-03 | rs8050136 | 6.7E-04 | 9.4E-04 | 11.9 | 0.71 |
20581827 | HHEX,IDE | rs5015480 | 1.0E-15 | rs5015480 | 9.6E-03 | rs5015480 | 2.0E-03 | 4.9E-04 | 4.8 | 4.10 |
20581827 | HMGA2 | rs1531343 | 4.0E-09 | rs12741948 | 3.3E-02 | rs1122590 | 1.4E-02 | 9.1E-05 | 2.43 | 149.8 |
17463249 | IGF2BP2 | rs4402960 | 9.0E-16 | rs4402960 | 2.3E-03 | rs4402960 | 7.2E-04 | 1.2E-04 | 3.21 | 6.12 |
20581827 | IRS1 | rs7578326 | 5.0E-20 | rs7578326 | 4.2E-02 | rs7578326 | 1.7E-03 | 8.8E-04 | 24.65 | 1.95 |
18372903 | JAZF1 | rs864745 | 5.0E-14 | rs864745 | 1.6E-03 | rs864745 | 1.9E-04 | 1.1E-04 | 8.47 | 1.78 |
17463249 | KCNJ11 | rs5215 | 5.0E-11 | rs5215 | 8.1E-02 | rs4646410 | 3.1E-03 | 9.6E-04 | 26.16 | 3.24 |
18711367 | KCNQ1 | rs2237892 | 2.0E-42 | rs2237892 | 2.1E-02 | rs2237892 | 2.7E-04 | 3.5E-04 | 78.57 | 0.77 |
19734900 | LOC64673, IRS1 | rs2943641 | 9.0E-12 | rs2943641 | 7.8E-02 | rs2943641 | 1.7E-03 | 8.8E-04 | 45.94 | 1.95 |
20418489 | RBMS1, ITGB6 | rs7593730 | 4.0E-08 | rs7593730 | 1.8E-05 | rs7593730 | 3.4E-06 | 3.6E-06 | 5.15 | 0.94 |
20581827 | SLC30A8 | rs3802177 | 1.0E-08 | rs2466295 | 2.4E-02 | rs2466295 | 1.0E-02 | 5.3E-05 | 2.35 | 193.6 |
20862305 | SPRY2 | rs1359790 | 6.0E-09 | rs17249026 | 4.5E-02 | rs17249026 | 4.5E-02 | 2.1E-03 | 1 | 21.6 |
19734900 | TCF7L2 | rs7903146 | 1.0E-30 | rs7903146 | 3.2E-19 | rs7903146 | 1.5E-22 | 4.4E-23 | 2126.7 | 3.40 |
18372903 | THADA | rs7578597 | 1.0E-09 | rs2236705 | 1.5E-02 | rs7578597 | 6.7E-03 | 2.4E-03 | 2.18 | 2.79 |
18372903 | TSPAN8,LGR5 | rs7961581 | 1.0E-09 | rs4581087 | 1.1E-02 | rs4581087 | 1.2E-02 | 2.4E-03 | 0.70 | 4.83 |
19734900 | WFS1, PPP2R2C | rs4689388 | 1.0E-08 | rs4689388 | 5.5E-03 | rs4689388 | 1.6E-03 | 7.7E-04 | 3.44 | 2.08 |
20581827 | ZFAND6 | rs11634397 | 2.0E-09 | rs11634397 | 2.6E-02 | rs11634397 | 2.6E-02 | 1.0E-02 | 1 | 2.46 |
Imputation-based MA outperforms MA-proxy in 19 out of 22 cases and we observe an average (median) improvement of the level of significance of 19.1 (2.79). In two cases, imputing outperforms the proxy-algorithm by a factor of more than 100, SLC30A8 (193) and HMGA2 (149.8), and in another case by a factor of 21.7 (SPRY2) which demonstrates the usefulness of long-range LD for association analysis. For 16 genes, the loss of significance with the proxy-algorithm is moderate with a factor of less than 10, of which for 11 genes we observe a factor of less than 4. For three genes, FTO, KCNQ1 and RBSM1/ITGB6, the proxy-algorithm even performs slightly better than MA-impute. In summary, one can say that the proxy algorithm yields good approximations of the actual level of significance in the majority of cases and that it is a potentially useful screening algorithm.
Proxy-Analysis of rs7903146 (TCF7L2)
Studya | SNP/proxy-SNP | Chr | Position | EAb | OAc | β d | see | Pf | LDg |
1 | rs7903146 | 10 | 114758349 | A | G | 0.39 | 0.09 | 1.5×10−05 | - |
2 | rs7903146 | 10 | 114758349 | A | G | 0.68 | 0.20 | 7.0×10−04 | - |
3 | rs7903146 | 10 | 114758349 | A | G | 0.40 | 0.13 | 3.0×10−03 | - |
4 | rs7903146 | 10 | 114758349 | A | G | 0.44 | 0.08 | 1.6×10−07 | - |
5 | rs4506565 | 10 | 114756041 | T | A | 0.20 | 0.05 | 2.0×10−04 | 0.945 |
6 | rs4506565 | 10 | 114756041 | T | A | 0.30 | 0.06 | 3.8×10−04 | 0.945 |
Meta-Analysis | rs7903146 | 10 | 114758349 | A | G | 0.31 | 0.03 | 1.5×10−22 | - |
Via real data analysis we were able to show that the proxy algorithm is not only fast and quickly employed, but also powerful. It clearly outperformed naïve SNP-by-SNP meta-analysis on real genotype data, when applied to a set of established Type 2 Diabetes regions. Moreover, our simulation study indicates that the proxy algorithm is very robust in terms of power with respect to a ethnically poorly matched reference panel. Thus, it is worth considering it as an alternative MA approach for studies on ethnical groups that are not directly represented in the 1,000 Genomes, for instance studies carried out in population isolates.
It is a known phenomenon that the catalogue of confirmed GWAS findings [1] is strikingly sparse for the X chromosome. At the moment, it is unclear if this phenomenon reflects the "true genetics" of human diseases or whether it is a detection bias. One might indeed speculate that the X chromosome is often ignored in MA efforts since it requires additional efforts to be imputed [26]. In this context, YAMAS may be particular helpful since no special analysis steps are necessary for the X chromosome.
Another notable feature of YAMAS is that it can be combined with imputed data. In practice, it may happen that studies are imputed with different reference panels. Moreover, particular SNPs might pass imputing-QC in some studies but not in others. In these situations, the analysis panel can be completed with the proxy-algorithm. In this context we wish to emphasize that our goal is not to compete with imputing as the standard approach for meta-analysis. Indeed, our own simulation study demonstrates a power advantage of imputation-based MA in a standard setting. Our aim is rather to speed up and give impetus to meta-analysis efforts. Even though the required analysis time for genome-wide imputing is meanwhile limited to a few weeks for experienced and well-equipped groups, joint projects are frequently long-lasting. Everyone who has worked in a meta-analysis project has either experienced or can imagine that it can easily take one year until all participating groups have provided their imputing results, either because some of the participating groups are less experienced in imputing analysis than others or either because they are involved in projects which they assign higher priority to. In particular, the priorities the participants have will sometimes be heterogeneous, causing delay for those who have the primary interest in the joint effort. Therefore, we believe that a method that facilitates MA and yields ad hoc, but still interpretable and meaningful results, is highly warranted. The proxy algorithm we have introduced fulfills these criteria: it directly operates on GWAS analysis results and can be run in a few hours even when the meta-analysis comprises many groups, and has descent power since it can analyze all SNPs that were genotyped in at least one of the participating studies.
Standard Meta-Analysis
if Q−(k−1) > 0, else τ2 = 0. Q itself follows a χ2-distribution with k − 1 degrees of freedom [30]. We note that it has recently been shown [22] that the classical random-effects model tests a too strict null hypothesis and although intended for effects that vary between studies, ironically enough leads to a conservative procedure in the presence of heterogeneity. However, since the random-effects model is still often requested by reviewers, we still feature it in our software.
The Proxy Algorithm
YAMAS, Yet Another Meta-Analysis Software; http://yamas.meb.uni-bonn.de/ The OpenMP API specification for parallel programming, http://openmp.org/wp
Author's contributions
CM and TB developed the proxy algorithm and are responsible for the software design. CM programmed the major part of YAMAS. ML and TB prepared the manuscript. ML is responsible for the programming of additional features and software maintenance. MA performed parts of the T2D analysis. CH, MM, DD and AL provided significant input to the work and the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The work was supported by grant BE 3828/4-1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
Authors' Affiliations
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


text:
Three years ago, I wrote an opinion piece in the Puget Sound Business Journal about the troubling retreat of local news. At the time, KUOW-FM had reduced its hours devoted to local coverage. KING-TV scrapped "Up Front." KCTS-TV canceled "KCTS 9 Connects." AOL ended its Patch network of online community news.
Bleak news indeed. And so it looked like another sad chapter would be written when Pacific Lutheran University announced in November that it wanted to sell public radio station KPLU-FM to KUOW-FM, a service of the University of Washington. KPLU would change call letters and become an all-jazz station. KUOW would be responsible for all Northwest news, which didn't give boosters of local coverage much reason to celebrate. In recent years, KUOW reduced local news programming from more than three hours daily to one – keeping to their same high standards but leaving many longtime listeners wanting more from their favorite journalists.
But then something sort of amazing happened. Supporters of KPLU rallied, and now propose to purchase the station from Pacific Lutheran University and operate it independently. All they need is $7 million in six months. Otherwise, the deal between PLU and UW goes forward.
And so the fundraising has begun.
Why should we care? For the first time, the community has been allowed to enter into the conversation about local coverage that has so far been dominated by accountants and media owners. We get to say: Enough consolidation. Our community is stronger with more professional news gatherers informing the discussion, helping shape debate, and keeping the powerful wary of public scrutiny.
For the region's public relations industry, here is an opportunity to give back. All of us realize our relationship with the press is symbiotic, not adversarial. For us, any news is good news.
At The Fearey Group, we are proud to be among the donors who are stepping forward to help KPLU write a new chapter in local station management, music programming and, yes, journalism – one that includes the word "more" instead of "less." We would all be better off if this amazing effort succeeds.
If you would like to donate, here is where to go: kplu.org/save-kplu


text:
Double cream | 1⁄2 Pint | |
Caster sugar | 2 Tablespoon | |
Lemon | 1 | |
White wine | 1⁄4 Pint | |
Brandy | 2 Tablespoon |
Grate the lemon.
Put the grated rind, lemon juice, sugar and brandy into the white wine.
Cover, and put into cool place overnight.
In the morning, make sure that the sugar has dissolved, then strain the liquid.
To this add the cream, and whisk gently by hand, until it is thick.
Time for this varies considerably, so go gently.
Put into small individual glasses and serve with tuiles or Boudoir biscuits.
Remember that this is exceptionally rich.
It is better to look mingy and give one's guests too little rather than too much at the end of a meal.
These amounts will serve 6 people easily.
Recipe Summary
Rate It
Nutrition Rank
Nutrition Facts
Serving size: Complete recipe
Calories 1424 Calories from Fat 1092
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 121 g186.7%
Saturated Fat 0.02 g0.11%
Trans Fat 0 g
Cholesterol 0 mg
Sodium 7.7 mg0.3%
Total Carbohydrates 43 g14.4%
Dietary Fiber 2.7 g10.9%
Sugars 31.3 g
Protein 4 g8.8%
Vitamin A 0.3% Vitamin C 74.4%
Calcium 4.6% Iron 4.1%
*Based on a 2000 Calorie diet


text:
From email@example.com Thu Nov 12 20:10:57 1998
-Here's where we begin the fun. The configuration and installation of suEXEC is -a four step process: edit the suEXEC header file, compile suEXEC, place the -suEXEC binary in its proper location, and configure Apache for use with suEXEC. -
- -
-- From the top-level of the Apache source tree, type:
-cd support [ENTER]
-Edit the suexec.h
file and change the following macros to
-match your local Apache installation.
-From support/suexec.h
+Here's where we begin the fun. If you use Apache 1.2 or prefer to configure
+Apache 1.3 with the "src/Configure
" script you have to edit
+the suEXEC header file and install the binary in its proper location
+manually. This procedure is described in an
+extra document.
+The following sections describe the configuration and installation
+for Apache 1.3 with the AutoConf-style interface (APACI).
+APACI's suEXEC configuration options
" the directory
+ "/home/apache/htdocs" is used as document root for
+ the suEXEC wrapper.
+Checking your suEXEC setup
+Before you compile and install the suEXEC wrapper you can check
+the configuration with the --layout option.
+Example output:
- /* - * HTTPD_USER -- Define as the username under which Apache normally - * runs. This is the only user allowed to execute - * this program. - */ - #define HTTPD_USER "www" - - /* - * UID_MIN -- Define this as the lowest UID allowed to be a target user - * for suEXEC. For most systems, 500 or 100 is common. - */ - #define UID_MIN 100 - - /* - * GID_MIN -- Define this as the lowest GID allowed to be a target group - * for suEXEC. For most systems, 100 is common. - */ - #define GID_MIN 100 - - /* - * USERDIR_SUFFIX -- Define to be the subdirectory under users' - * home directories where suEXEC access should - * be allowed. All executables under this directory - * will be executable by suEXEC as the user so - * they should be "safe" programs. If you are - * using a "simple" UserDir directive (ie. one - * without a "*" in it) this should be set to - * the same value. suEXEC will not work properly - * in cases where the UserDir directive points to - * a location that is not the same as the user's - * home directory as referenced in the passwd file. - * - * If you have VirtualHosts with a different - * UserDir for each, you will need to define them to - * all reside in one parent directory; then name that - * parent directory here. IF THIS IS NOT DEFINED - * PROPERLY, ~USERDIR CGI REQUESTS WILL NOT WORK! - * See the suEXEC documentation for more detailed - * information. - */ - #define USERDIR_SUFFIX "public_html" - - /* - * LOG_EXEC -- Define this as a filename if you want all suEXEC - * transactions and errors logged for auditing and - * debugging purposes. - */ - #define LOG_EXEC "/usr/local/apache/logs/cgi.log" /* Need me? */ - - /* - * DOC_ROOT -- Define as the DocumentRoot set for Apache. This - * will be the only hierarchy (aside from UserDirs) - * that can be used for suEXEC behavior. - */ - #define DOC_ROOT "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" - - /* - * SAFE_PATH -- Define a safe PATH environment to pass to CGI executables. - * - */ - #define SAFE_PATH "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin" + suEXEC setup: + suexec binary: /usr/local/apache/sbin/suexec + document root: /usr/local/apache/share/htdocs + userdir suffix: public_html + logfile: /usr/local/apache/var/log/suexec_log + safe path: /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin + caller ID: www + minimum user ID: 100 + minimum group ID: 100
-You now need to compile the suEXEC wrapper. At the shell command prompt,
-after compiling Apache,
-type: make suexec[ENTER]
-This should create the suexec wrapper executable.
+Compiling and installing the suEXEC wrapper
+If you have enabled the suEXEC feature with the --enable-suexec option
+the suexec binary (together with Apache itself) is automatically built
+if you execute the command "make".
+After all components have been built you can execute the command
+"make install" to install them.
+The binary image "suexec" is installed in the directory defined by
+the --sbindir option. Default location is "/usr/local/apache/sbin/suexec".
+Please note that you need root privileges for
+the installation step. In order for the wrapper to set the user ID, it
+must be installed as owner root
and must have the
+setuserid execution bit set for file modes.
-By default, Apache is compiled to look for the suEXEC wrapper in the following
-From src/include/httpd.h +Upon startup of Apache, it looks for the file "suexec" in the "sbin" +directory (default is "/usr/local/apache/sbin/suexec"). +If Apache finds a properly configured suEXEC wrapper, it will print +the following message to the error log:
- /* The path to the suExec wrapper, can be overridden in Configuration */ - #ifndef SUEXEC_BIN - #define SUEXEC_BIN HTTPD_ROOT "/sbin/suexec" - #endif + [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /path/to/suexec)- - -
-If your installation requires location of the wrapper program in a different
-directory, either add
-to your CFLAGS (or edit src/include/httpd.h) and recompile your Apache server.
-See Compiling and Installing Apache
-(and the INSTALL file in the source distribution)
-for more info on this process.
-Copy the suexec executable created in the
-exercise above to the defined location for SUEXEC_BIN.
-cp suexec /usr/local/apache/sbin/suexec [ENTER]
-In order for the wrapper to set the user ID, it must me installed as owner -root and must have the setuserid execution bit -set for file modes. If you are not running a root -user shell, do so now and execute the following commands. -
- -
-chown root /usr/local/apache/sbin/suexec [ENTER]
+If you don't see this message at server startup, the server is most
+likely not finding the wrapper program where it expects it, or the
+executable is not installed setuid root.
-chmod 4711 /usr/local/apache/sbin/suexec [ENTER]
+If you want to enable the suEXEC mechanism for the first time
+and an Apache server is already running you must kill and restart Apache.
+Restarting it with a simple HUP or USR1 signal will not be enough.
+If you want to disable suEXEC you should kill and restart Apache after
+you have removed the "suexec" file.
-After properly installing the suexec wrapper
-executable, you must kill and restart the Apache server. A simple
-kill -1 `cat httpd.pid`
will not be enough.
-Upon startup of the web-server, if Apache finds a properly configured
-suexec wrapper, it will print the following message to
-the console:
-Configuring Apache for use with suexec wrapper.
-If you don't see this message at server startup, the server is most -likely not finding the wrapper program where it expects it, or the -executable is not installed setuid root. Check -your installation and try again. -
- -
-One way to use suEXEC is through the
-User and
-Group directives in
+Virtual Hosts:
+One way to use the suEXEC wrapper is through the
+User and
+Group directives in
definitions. By setting these directives to values different from the
main server user ID, all requests for CGI resources will be executed as
-the User and Group defined for that
-<VirtualHost>. If only one or
+the User and Group defined for that
. If only one or
neither of these directives are specified for a
-<VirtualHost> then the main
-server userid is assumed.
-suEXEC can also be used to to execute CGI programs as
then the main
+server userid is assumed.
+User directories:
+The suEXEC wrapper can also be used to execute CGI programs as
the user to which the request is being directed. This is accomplished by
-using the ~ character prefixing the user ID for whom
-execution is desired.
+using the "~
" character prefixing the user
+ID for whom execution is desired.
The only requirement needed for this feature to work is for CGI
execution to be enabled for the user and that the script must meet the
scrutiny of the security checks above.
@@ -483,8 +455,8 @@
-The suEXEC wrapper will write log information to the location defined in
-the suexec.h
as indicated above. If you feel you have
+The suEXEC wrapper will write log information to the file defined
+with the --suexec-logfile option as indicated above. If you feel you have
configured and installed the wrapper properly, have a look at this log
and the error_log for the server to see where you may have gone astray.


text:
Deana Dulce – Horny Student Gets Fucked In Car Outside University
Released: August 6, 2016
BangBros, Black, Blowjob, Clips, HD, Teens
I picked up my girl Deana from her university. She was so happy that she had passed one of her tests that she really really wanted to suck my dick. I wasn't gonna say no to that. So, after she blew me real good, I had to take her to the back seat for some god ol' pounding. i slammed her pussy all over my fucking car before busting right in her mouth.
Do you like this video?


text:
Eat Your Heart Out, Storebought Fruit Snacks!
I posted a photo on Instagram and Facebook earlier today of my fruit snack making in progress and got lots of interest for the recipe. I am using an awesome recipe from Thank Your Body but just had a couple things to add so I thought I'd make a quick post. (really, just another excuse to post pictures of my adorable children :blush:)
Healthy Homemade Fruit Snacks Recipe:
- 2/3 cup of lemon or orange juice (I did both)
- 2/3 cup of fruit (I used a bag of frozen organic mixed berries but am excited to use my local produce from Urban Acres once berries come in to season)
- 2 tbsp raw, local honey (we love Round Rock Honey)
- 5 tbsp of grass-fed gelatin
- Optional: 1 drop of food grade lemon oil (don't have any? whaddya know, I happen to sell fabulous oils here)
- Also Optional: 1 tsp homemade whey (liquid protein made from separated raw milk. The live cultures in whey eat some of the sugars and produce lactic acid which makes it more tart and serves as a natural preservative.)
First, Jack helped me juice the lemons and oranges until we had about 2/3 of a cup.
Next, put your freshly squeezed juice in a pot with the fruit on low-medium heat. Stir occasionally for a few minutes until the fruit softens.
Add in the honey and food grade lemon oil (if you want that extra tanginess (which Jon was wanting) "Wait," you say, "weren't these for the kids?" Yeah, I know. Daddy's like fruit snacks too apparently. ;-))
Remove from heat and puree with an immersion blender or pour into a blender.
Once cooled to room temperature, pour your mixture through a strainer so that there are no seeds staying in there to turn your snacks into crunchy snacks (learned that the hard way).
Add in your tsp of whey (ours is from raw milk) to help naturally preserve the fruit snacks for longer. Without it, the snacks would only last 2-3 days out on the counter or for about a week or two in the fridge. I haven't tried freezing but I'm sure they'd freeze well. Anyway, start stirring in your gelatin one tbsp at a time while you whisk so as to avoid lumps. Gelatin gets a bad rap sometimes but traditionally made gelatin is a mineral-rich food that is easy to digest and helps strengthen hair and nails! Pour your mixture into a glass pyrex and shake a little so that it all settles. Set it into your fridge for about 30min-an hour. Once it has firmed up, pull it out and cut into pieces or use cookie cutters for some fun, delicious (and healthy) fruit snacks!
Multitude Mondays #3
Multitude Mondays are basically posts (on Mondays of course) that lists the things I am thankful for.
17. Milk. RAW milk. We've been getting raw milk from a local farmer for almost 3 years now and we love it. We've visited the farm several times and love our little Mennonite family. We also get delicious cream, Kefir and eggs from them and it's such a blessing to have a great local source for this nutritious nectar of life. It's seriously like freakin' melted ice cream.
18. A feverish baby. You read that right. Although I would never want my little ones to have a dangerously high fever, I don't mind the low-middle ones when they come along. It tells me that their bodies are building up their immune systems just as intended. In the most recent case, Liv was feverish for a few days but we're pretty positive it was teething (even though there were no other symptoms) as she now has two bottom teeth that have popped through.
19. Homemade Mac & Cheese – I'm still working on getting the right cheese ratio but something about knowing all the real food (and almost all local) ingredients that are in it makes it taste even better. Recipe from GNOWFGLINS
20. That God is the God of Past, Present and Future – I stress easily. I hate it…and then I stress about stressing. (I'm working on it) But the Lord is so sweet to remind me that He has tomorrow covered. All the things on my to-do list are finite but He is the Alpha Omega.
Wait on the LORD: be of good courage, and he shall strengthen thine heart: wait, I say, on the LORD. -Ps: 27:14
It is a challenge every day, every moment to just let go and trust Him. The things I want to do are good things – be a better homemaker, maintaining a small sewing business, etc. – but if they are pursued on my own, then it's all in vain. I pray I can remember this more often. Last year when I was first pregnant with Liv, I was beside myself with fear of the birth. Right after we found out, we attended church and the sermon was about how God is already ahead of you. He was already by my side at the birth and it gave me such peace through the rest of the pregnancy and He was, without a doubt, at her birth. It's laughable how quickly I forget His promises but I am so thankful for His continuing grace.
Until next time,
Liv's Birth Story
Special Days
Dear Jack (Buddy, Buster, Booty (yes, we call you booty…so sue us)),
I sit here on the eve of your little sister's due date reflecting on our short, but wonderful, 15 months together as just you, me and daddy. I can't believe your sister is almost here and that our family dynamics will change once again. It is a bittersweet feeling for your mama. Your daddy welcomes change much more readily than I do. And don't get me wrong. I am very excited to meet your sister…I just tend to "grieve" in a way the previous chapter before embracing the next. :) As a way of doing that, and since you probably won't remember, I wanted to recount one of our typical days for you (& for us). It's a collection of photos from different days but sums up what we do.
First, you wake up around 7:30 or so and talk to yourself a little until daddy comes in to get you. Your daddy is very sweet to mama and lets me sleep in a little extra in the morning, especially as Liv starts taking more and more of my energy. You play in the kitchen while daddy gets your bottle ready and he makes his own "bottle" – his morning latte. Then, you lay on your pillow next to daddy and welcome the morning. (I had to sneak out of bed one morning so I could make sure there were pictures of this special time of just you and him) :)
Then, mommy gets up and makes breakfast while daddy gets ready for his work day. You either find something to play with (like the books in the sewing room or hiding in the kitchen) or occasionally fuss to be held so you can see the cooking that's going on. (We prefer the first option ;-))
Once breakfast is ready, we all sit at the table and give you pieces of our bacon and toast and yogurt. Bacon is your favorite of course since you are a Taylor. It's actually the 5th word you learned to say and you shocked us when you first said it. We were the proudest parents ever (still are).
After breakfast, we wish daddy a great day at work and wave bye-bye to him from the screen door (pant less of course).
Now, it's play time. We usually start in the living room with your ball or soft blocks. You also love looking out the side windows at the birds that sit on our neighbor's house oohing and ahhing. Yesterday, tupperware was your play thing of choice including wearing it as a hat. :)
Eventually, we move into the other rooms so I can do the dishes from breakfast and a few other things around the house. If I don't keep my eye on you, though, you'll find plenty to get into such as your little sister's diapers. :sigh:
By the time we clean everything up, it's nap-time. We get a bottle ready, make sure we have owlie, and you lay down for a nice siesta. While you sleep, mommy fixes her lunch, gets a few things done and, if she's lucky, even rests some before you wake up and are ready to go again. Lately, you've been waking up kind of grumpy and want to be held for a little bit but you're rarely a cuddler so I secretly love this time with you. Once you're back to your normal, happy self we get to playing again. You love to play with your 'house' opening and closing the door, raising the window up and down, and dancing to the songs it sings. You also love to look at all your board books in your room…especially your lift-the-flap Bible and touch-and-feel alphabet book.
You're also starting to get the shape sorting games and love playing with those and your wooden toys too. One of your favorite things though is making mommy look as silly as possible.
Sometimes we run errands (either in the morning or after your nap) to exciting places like Target or even the park or other days we just stay in, especially lately so that mommy can rest as much as possible before Liv arrives. Yesterday, we popped in a movie that was new to you but one of mommy's favorites. 101 Dalmations. You loved it! I've never seen you sit and watch something as long as you did….not that that is the best thing in the world (staring at the tv) but with a tired momma, it was much-appreciated. Plus, you cuddled with me and Liv almost the whole time. Bonus.
That is, until Christine brought over Liv's lamb seat that we're borrowing…then, you abandoned me for the new comfy chair…but I don't blame ya. It does look pretty comfy.
After tv/movie/mommy rest time, we try to go on a walk now that the weather is nicer. You love to wave as you ride in your stroller and point to all the neat things you see like kitty cats.
Or sometimes we play on the porch or run around outside eating picking up rocks and sticks.
After that, we come inside so mommy can start dinner and, soon after, daddy has come home. As soon as you hear the alarm chime of the screen door, your face lights up and you run to the back door. Daddy sweeps you up as soon as he can and it's swing-Jack-upside-down-and-all-around time or some other crazy wrestling moves.
Once dinner is ready, we sit down to the table again and enjoy a nice meal together and laugh at your crazy meal antics. When you first got your straw sippy cup, you'd drink and spit out your water right away but you're starting to get the hang of it lately.
Once dinner is done, it's night night time for you. We get you all changed, look at a book or two then have prayer time with your prayer lamb. Then, while turning off the lights, we sing You Are My Sunshine and turn on Turtle who shines the stars on to the ceiling. You love to touch turtle and even said Turtle for the first time the other day (your 7th word).
Such a big, growing boy we have. For the most part, you fall asleep after finishing your bottle but sometimes you want to see Turtle again and cry for another visit from one of us. By 8 or so, you're asleep and we get some mommy and daddy time. We always come in to see you though before we go to bed and, every now and then, you wake up at that time and give us some wonderful cuddly hugs.
Well, that's a day in the life of you, our sweet Jack, at 15 months old. :) You're a busy boy who loves to run and play, push things around, play with mommy and daddy and grow, grow, grow. We love you so much and will never forget this small, but meaningful, chapter in our life as a family of just us three. Come on, Liv, it's time for you to join in on the fun! ;-)
Your mommy and daddy
Baby Moon version 2.0
This pregnancy has definitely flown by faster than the first…prob due to the energy-bunny known as Jack. :) With all the busyness of raising our rambunctious, sweet boy and Jon's work, we were really hoping we'd get a chance to do another baby moon or at least a one night getaway before Liv joins us…but just weren't sure it'd happen. My mom very sweetly (and eagerly) agreed to take Jack for us. Now, could I actually let him go? Well, it was very, VERY, VERY hard but I did it…we did it. I only cried 3 times total (that's not bad, right? esp with being pregnant ;-)) and Jon may or may not have got a little verclempt too. But we survived and reunion was sweet. :) Thank you again to my mom for taking Jack but I know she enjoyed every bit of it.
Here's some pictures from our time. We stayed at the lovely Wildwood Inn in Denton as we didn't want to go too far from home with me being 36 weeks. It was the perfect distance and place to stay to feel like we got away without having to do a ton of travel.
After checking in to our beautiful room (and ogling over the jacuzzi tub), we headed out to Sanger so Jon could experience The Tomato – my favorite pizza place in college. Sadly, they burned down in 2007 but have now reopened so after the many trips to Round Table (Jon's CA fave), I was excited for Jon to see my pizza place. He really enjoyed it and we met and talked with some nice locals as well. Afterwards, I took Jon on the Bre's-life-in-college tour and we drove by the Fry house and then got ice cream at Beth Marie's on the square. With the twinkle lights up in the trees and a beautiful cool breeze in the air, it was the perfect way to start to unwind for our 2-night stay.
By around 10, though, I realized it's the time we normally go in and check on Jack and as a result, burst into tears crying, "It's time to go see buddy and we can't!!!!! Who's idea was this anyway?!?!?! Wahhhhhhh!" But after Jon gently reminded me that it was (oh yeah) my idea…I finally calmed down and we got a good night's sleep.
In the morning, we tried out a local spot for breakfast (the B&B had a continental breakfast but not filling enough for this preggo) and then went to the Shops at Highland Village to walk around until our movie started. We ended up sitting in the Barnes & Noble for an hour and a half reading magazines (him woodworking, me sewing) which sounds so lame but was heavenly. (It's the little things) It was so nice outside that we decided to skip the movie and just keep walking around the shops. We found and bought a new puzzle for Jack and kept seeing what seems like a million little boys every where we went. Our code saying was 'uh oh, don't look' which of course made the other look and see whichever cute little boy was in our midst to remind us of our sweet little one. Plus, my mom would send us picture updates and had, at that moment, told us he had found a picture of us on one of her shelves and was carrying it around with him. Cue crying session #3,402. haha But I pulled it together and we grabbed some lunch and visited with old friends at The Village Church offices.
We then headed back to our B&B to enjoy the beautiful pool and spa. There was hardly anyone else staying there so no one was around. The pool water was too cold though and the hot tub wasn't on but they got it going so we were able to get in for a little bit before it got too hot which was nice for me and my preggo belly.
After drying off and resting a bit, we headed out for dinner at Giuseppe's then coffee and dessert at another local stop. Overall, a wonderful and relaxing day but we were eager to see our Bud in the morning! :) We woke up rested but still enjoyed a leisurely morning with Jon watching tv while I took my last of practically 15 baths in the tub (really only 3). We grabbed lunch at The Greenhouse then met mom to get Jack. He was banging on the glass of the Starbucks wall (lovely I know) staring out and it took him a second to realize it was us walking up but when he did he had the biggest grin. :) Now, we're back home and resting and ready to kick it all back into gear tomorrow. Liv will be here before we know it but we are so thankful for this time to hit pause and just rest. Hope everyone had a great weekend.
J + B + j


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Java Draw Created Aug 12, 2012 1024 x 736px Unless noted Copyright 2012 Lineart for you.
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Widener University's School of Nursing Receives Highest Level of Accreditation
The School of Nursing at Widener University was awarded the fullest measure of success by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE), a national accreditation agency recognized by the U.S. Secretary of Education, which contributes to the improvement of the public's health. CCNE ensures the quality and integrity of baccalaureate, graduate, and residency programs in nursing.
The baccalaureate and master's degree programs at Widener, which were previously accredited by CCNE and, therefore, were eligible for a 10 year accreditation period. The doctorate of nursing practice program has never been accredited previously, so it was eligible for a five year initial accreditation. All of the programs achieved the maximum period of accreditation with no recommendations.
Dr. Deborah Garrison, dean of the School of Nursing was thrilled to receive the news. "It was wonderful to see our faculty, as well as the entire Widener community, come together in support of the school," she said.
"In this day and age with the Department of Education holding accrediting bodies to such scrutiny, to receive the full measure of accreditation with no recommendations is significant and indicates excellence," Widener University President James T. Harris III said.
The School of Nursing has seen a lot of changes under Garrison's leadership. She credits the program's shared governance system and leadership structure with the school's accomplishment. A new leadership matrix was implemented in fall 2011 to enhance communication and transparency, including directors for each academic program, and systems directors for simulation, assessment and accreditation, technology integration, clinical affairs/placements, and assistant deans for the Harrisburg campus and undergraduate student services.
"The framework we have in place assures congruence with professional nursing education standards," Garrison said. "We work on a continuous basis to advance the school's mission, goals, and achieve our expected outcomes. The processes we have in place support the education of our students and continuous efforts assures congruence with professional guidelines and accreditation standards."
Widener University is a private, metropolitan university that connects curricula to social issues through civic engagement. Dynamic teaching, active scholarship, personal attention and experiential learning are key components of the Widener experience. A comprehensive doctorate-granting university, Widener is comprised of eight schools and colleges that offer liberal arts and sciences, professional and pre-professional curricula leading to associates, baccalaureate, master's and doctoral degrees. The university's campuses in Chester, Exton, and Harrisburg, Pa., and Wilmington, Del., serve some 6,700 students. Visit the university website, www.widener.edu.


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Paying My Bill
When it comes to managing bills, everyone has their own preference and needs. Superior Water, Light and Power offers a variety of services that make paying your bill more convenient. Call to take advantage of any of the programs below.
Billing Options
Budget Billing
Budget Billing is an excellent way to manage your summer and winter heating bills. We recommend this plan for our customers who want their monthly payment to remain the same each month. We'll average your annual energy costs and create a monthly budget based on that average. Your monthly bill will always indicate the actual amount of energy you have used and your actual metered charges.
Recurring Payment Plan (RPP) — Recommended
A Recurring Payment Plan—operated through Western Union Speedpay©—is a way to automatically pay your monthly utility bill. You select a date and each month a payment will be withdrawn from the bank account of your choice or posted to a credit, debit or ATM card.
- The plan is free if you enroll using a checking, savings or money market account.
- The plan costs $2.95 per payment if using a credit, debit or ATM card.
- Monthly payments are the only option available.
SWL&P suggests you choose a payment date that is the same as the due date of your most recent bill. And check the due date on your bill from time to time to be sure it hasn't changed.
Read through the following instructions for setting up a Recurring Payment Plan and how to edit your information. Then click here to access the Western Union Speedpay system for SWL&P.
How to Set Up a Recurring Payment Plan:
- Enter your SWL&P account number and the first three letters of the business name or the primary account holder's last name.
- Select "Submit."
- Select "Agree" to Western Union Speedpay Terms and Conditions to continue.
- Select "Schedule recurring payment" and then select "Continue."
- Enter bank routing number and account number.
- Select "Pick date" (refers to monthly payment date). From the calendar, select your monthly withdrawal date. We suggest selecting the due date from your most recent bill.
- On the "Payment stop?" option, select "Never." Enter your email address to receive notifications about scheduled payments. After verifying all the information, select "Save recurring schedule."
How to Change a Recurring Payment Plan:
To change bank account number, email address or stop date:
Select "View/manage recurring schedule."
Select "Edit" and enter your new account information.
To change withdrawal date:
Select "View/manage recurring schedule."
Select "Edit."
Select "Use saved account info."
Select "Continue."
Find the "Withdrawal date" field and select "Pick a date."
Select date from the drop-down calendar. We suggest selecting the due date from your most recent bill.
Select "Continue."
Review the next page for accuracy.
Select "Save recurring schedule."
Review recurring schedule confirmation page.
Sign out.
Seasonal Billing
Receive only 6 bills, instead of 12, if you use little to no energy during a specific 6-month period.
Drop Box
SWL&P has multiple locations available where you can conveniently drop off your bill.
Drop box locations, picked up daily:
- SWL&P - 2915 Hill Avenue
- Mariner Mall
Super One Foods
- 1515 Oakes
- 2202 East 2nd Street
- Walmart – 3801 Tower
Direct Pay
Check/money orders only
2915 Hill Avenue
Superior, WI 54880
Monday: 8am-4pm
Tuesday: 8am-4pm
Wednesday: CLOSED
Thursday: 8am-4pm
Friday: 8am-4pm
Drop box always available outside
Call 715-394-2200 for payment arrangements
Pay your SWL&P bill at any Walmart location. Click to find the Walmart location nearest you!
Just visit any Walmart MoneyCenter or customer service desk.
- Standard payment: $0.88 – delivered within 3 business days
- NextDay payment: $1.88 - delivered on the next available business day if paid by 6:00 pm
Be sure to bring the following:
- Your SWL&P bill statement
- Cash or PIN-based ATM debit card – you will need to know your PIN number
If you need to verify your payment with SWL&P, just call 1-800-227-7957 or 715-394-2200 and provide the SWL&P Information Rep with the payment receipt number.
As always, SWL&P is ready to work with you to make payment arrangements.
Home Heating and Weatherization Assistance
You may be eligible for home heating and weatherization assistance.
Call us at 715-394-2200 for details regarding agencies currently providing these services.
Mailing Your Bill:
Superior Water, Light and Power
2915 Hill Avenue
P.O. Box 519
Superior, WI 54880
Please remember:
- Enclose your payment stub
- Write your account number on your check or money order
- Please do not send cash
- Sign your check
- Do not staple, paper clip or tape


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This beautiful apartment of 50 sqm has been just renovated in February 2015 to offer the most comfortable stay in a modern, clean and silent environment, the main color scheme is white to provide a relaxing oasis after a day of sightseeing in the Eternal City. Perfectly located in the soul and heart of the Esquilino Area, just a few minutes walk from the Colosseum and Roman Forum, St. Mary Major Basilica, Monti and the San Lorenzo Restaurant Area. Esquilino quarter is also a meeting place for ethnic groups of different habits and customs that in any case are perfectly in accordance with the ancient traditions of Rome. The apartment is located on the first floor of an historical building from about 100 years ago'. It consists of a living room with dining area and sofa bed, fully equipped kitchen to prepare excellent Italian dinners with products certainly bought in one of the many italian traditional open markets in the area ,1 bedroom, 1bathroom with shower and a small terrace where you can enjoy the freshness of the morning maybe drinking a good Italian coffee. The place has air conditioning and independent heating, washing machine, microwave, hairdryer, free wifi, all linens and towels included. The flat is in a strategic position because it is 5 minutes walk from the main railway station in the centre of Rome and from the omonymous Metro Station Termini . Furthermore at a distance of 400 metres from the place you can find 2 other metro stations: Vittorio Emanuele Metro Station and Manzoni Metro Station . This allows the guest to move very easily all around Rome and to reach the historical centre in a very fast and comfortable way. If you are a good walker you can also easily reach the Trevi Fountain, the Spanish Steps and the very heart of historic Rome with a nice 25 minutes walk.
Space offered | Entire place |
Accommodates | 4 |
Bed type | Real bed |
Bedrooms | 1 |
Bathrooms | 1 |
Bathroom type | Private |
Size | 50.0 m2 |
Cancellation policy | Strict |
City | Rome |
- Air conditioning
- Balcony
- Lift
- WiFi
- Internet
- Fridge/freezer
- Shower/bath
- Washing machine
Availability calendar and prices
Host reviews
Guglielmo ha cancelado una reserva en CR100Chiclana - Coto de SanctiPetri P. Baja solo 136 días antes de la llegada.


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Alternative Titles:
MLIS, separation of isotopes by laser excitation, SILEX
Learn about this topic in these articles:
nuclear enrichment
...and has reached an excited state, its properties may become quite different from the other isotopes; it is then separated on the basis of this difference. In one method known generically as MLIS (
molecular laser isotope separation)—or commercially as SILEX (separation of isotopes by laser excitation)—gaseous UF
6 is exposed to high-powered lasers tuned to the correct...
photochemical enrichment
...for isotope separation in which light is used to excite one and only one isotope of an element. In atomic vapour laser isotope separation (AVLIS), the starting material is the element itself; in
molecular laser isotope separation (MLIS), the starting material is a chemical compound containing the element. Ordinary light sources are not suitable for isotope separation because they emit a...


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Los Angeles Times to Charge You For Online Content: Bad News, if You Ask Us
I said maybe / You're gonna be the one that saves me / And after all / You're my ... paywall.
Yes, your beloved Los Angeles Times is jumping into the paywall game -- charging readers for online access to its content beginning March 5.
You'll be able to read 15 stories on a device, but, after that, it's pay-time:
Readers will be offered an "introductory" rate for online membership of .99 cents a week. But the final price will be $3.99 a week. Print subscribers will get online content free.
Upcoming Events
UCLA Bruins Men's Baseball vs. Cal State Fullerton Titans Men's Baseball
TicketsTue., Mar. 28, 6:00pm
Los Angeles Lakers v Washington Wizards - Verified Resale Tickets
TicketsTue., Mar. 28, 7:30pm
Los Angeles Clippers v Washington Wizards - Verified Resale Tickets
TicketsWed., Mar. 29, 7:30pm
Premium Seating: Los Angeles Angels v. Los Angeles Dodgers
TicketsThu., Mar. 30, 7:07pm
Predictable? Unimaginative? You betcha. This smells of something cooked up by non-journalist suits who embody the term don't get it. Paywall. Wow. Never heard of that one before. They should package it with a weekly lifestyle section targeting the youth demographic, because everyone knows kids like to get their news via paper.
(Wait, the Times also says it's launching yet another weekly lifestyle section. Really.)
The Times has blockbuster page views that will surely diminish as it pulls you over on the information super highway to ask for your credit card number.
Demanding that folks pay for well-produced content isn't morally wrong, even though the price of delivering said content -- the old-school basis for subscriptions -- is practically nothing.
It's just bad business sense in this environment: It seems to work only for very specialized publications with have-to-have-it audiences (the Wall Street Journal is example No. 1).
Where it hasn't worked is at mass-market, general-readership publications. People like to call the New York Times' paywall a success, but it isn't. It's an annoyance. It's not a failure -- but it hasn't begun to soak up the red ink caused by declining print readership. Not even close. Has it turned the company around? Has it caused the New York Times to turn down the investment cash (and loans) of a Mexican billionaire? Not really. Not sure how you call that a success.
We'd expect the same here in L.A. In order to be a successful part of the web's fast-and-furious flow of information, you have to keep it free and easy, like Lindsay Lohan.
In any case, what you don't want is a reason for people to leave your site and read, say, L.A. Weekly, which delivers daily news to your digital device at the low, low rate of free.
To which you might respond, sure, but the Times kicks your ass on a daily basis.
True. Very true. But how will you know? You're going to fork over that $3.99 to find out?
Tell you what: We won't even know. They'll have to tell us via Twitter.
For more on changes to the lifestyle sections at the Times -- and the elimination of its standalone Food section -- check out our sister blog, Squid Ink.
In Case You Missed It
Upcoming Events
Los Angeles Clippers v Sacramento Kings - Verified Resale Tickets
TicketsSun., Mar. 26, 12:30pm
UCLA Bruins Men's Baseball v California Bears Baseball
TicketsSun., Mar. 26, 2:00pm
Anaheim Ducks v. New York Rangers
TicketsSun., Mar. 26, 6:00pm
Los Angeles Lakers v Portland Trail Blazers - Verified Resale Tickets
TicketsSun., Mar. 26, 6:30pm
Sponsor Content


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I am 25 , I got married when I was 16 and divorced 18 months ago . I've been trying to rebuild my credit for over a year. I dont have many bills, I just paid off 4000 worth of student loans this month. Care credit denied me . I need help finding a doctor who can work with Me on pymt arrangements . I work in high risk collections so I understand how difficult it can be to find the right price and financing for this typical procedure . Looking for any and all advice .
Help 1300 Down for Breast Augmentation Dfw T? Care Credit Denied Me, Looking For Payment Arrangements?
Doctor Answers 2
My best advice, although you may not like it, would be to gradually save up and have this elective plastic surgical procedure done ( by the best plastic surgeon you can find) when the time is right. Furthermore, based on your financial history, it would behoove you to have set aside an "emergency fund" and other savings before proceeding with elective cosmetic surgery. Remember, that complications after breast surgery may occur and that additional expenses may become a reality.
I hope this helps.
Web reference: http://www.poustiplasticsurgery.com/Procedures/Procedure_breastAugmentation.htm
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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Andy Murray recovered from a dreadful start to beat the veteran Rainer Schttler 1-6, 6-0, 6-1 and progress to the quarter-finals of the Qatar Open yesterday.
After sailing through the first round on Tuesday, the British No 1 was awful in the first set as his German opponent took full advantage of his numerous errors. But with Schttler appearing to tire, Murray raised his game, albeit to no more than third gear, to see off the world No 99.
"I made too many mistakes in the first set," Murray said. "The most important thing was to hang in there... I changed my style of play in the second and third sets. I was coming to the net more and using the slice shots."
A sluggish Murray lost the opening six points of the match and then conceded the first break following a string of unforced errors.
The Scot, seeded third, was again taken to deuce in his next service game but finally prevailed before the German had two more break points in the sixth. He converted the second for a 5-1 lead after Murray fired a weak backhand into the net and then served out to love for the first set.
Schttler had conceded a single point on his own serve in the opening set, but Murray could take confidence from the fact that he recovered from an equally woeful opening to win in three sets on the only previous occasion the pair met, in Memphis in 2006.
He claimed his first break for 2-0 in the second set as Schttler started to slow up. That became a double break as Murray began to dominate. He served out with ease to claim the second set 6-0.
Schttler, 11 years older, attempted to rally at the start of the third set but a delicate forehand winner down the line at full stretch, which clinched the Briton's first service game, reflected his renewed confidence. So it was little surprise when Murray produced a fourth straight break of serve, later broke to love and served out to win 6-1.
The world No 11 will now play Thomas Johansson, the 2002 Australian Open champion, in the quarter-finals.
l Amlie Mauresmo continued her preparations for the Australian Open with a 6-3, 6-4 win over fellow Frenchwoman Nathalie Dechy to reach the quarter-finals of the Australian Hardcourt Championships at Gold Coast yesterday. The former world No 1, who will meet Patty Schnyder, of Switzerland, in the next round, is playing in her first event since October after suffering a shoulder injury.


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People at Savannah: Mike Mestnik Profile
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Real Name: | Mike Mestnik |
Login Name: | mmestnik |
Id: | #79229 |
Email Address: | -unavailable- |
Site Member Since: | Tue Jul 6 19:33:38 2010 |
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