text: Your Morning Cry: Dad Comes Home From Afghanistan and Surprises His Daughter on Her BirthdayCassie Murdoch2/01/12 10:00amFiled to: AwwwBailey pageAdam pageArmyAfghanistansurpriseSchooltweetFb129EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalinkA little girl in Utah named Bailey got quite an amazing surprise on her sixth birthday. She was in the middle of talking to her classmates, when in walked her dad, Sargent Adam Page, who'd returned home early from serving in Afghanistan. Bailey was as shocked as you'd expect to see him, but her reaction is so poised that it will make your heart start to melt, and the only way to cool it down is to douse it with tears of happiness. Of course, Bailey can't stop hugging and kissing him, but it's her asking, "How did you make it?" that'll really get you. After the initial surprise, she pulls it together and gets even cuter, if that is possible. Oh my god, the way she wipes her eyes with the tissue! The happiest part of the whole story is that after seven years of mostly being away from his family, Sgt. Page is now stationed in Utah, where he will live with them regularly for the first time since Bailey was born.AdvertisementBest birthday ever! Lucky girl, 6, surprised by her soldier father's return from Afghanistan [Daily Mail]Reply129 repliesLeave a reply


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I saw this template in a magazine many many many moons ago. At that time I made several envelopes from an old calendar. I still have some of those envelopes in the bottom of my card box! 18 more words
Tags » Old Calendar
The Calculation of the Date of Easter
Some Orthodox Christian church traditions follow the Old Calendar and some follow the New Calendar for calculations of religious feast days. The New Calendar is the calendar that we follow in our day-to-day modern secular world – it is also called the Gregorian Calendar and was introduced in the 16th Century. 325 more words

subset: commoncrawl


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For all you DIYers out there, Spoonflower is I'm sure one of your favorite destinations. Check out Wee Gallery's Tee Design entered in this week's contest. There are a lot of cute designs out there, so we will be thrilled if you voted for us!
Thursday, November 29, 2012
2 comments:
- Centro la Milpa said...
- November 30, 2012 at 7:03 AM
- Wee Gallery said...
Thank you!!
- December 5, 2012 at 9:45 AM
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August 9, 2013
"I may yet get married — statistically 90% of people get married at some point."
So writes Elizabeth Wurtzel, as quoted and diminished by Amanda Hess. Wurtzel writes about herself — and whatever else goes into the old talking-about-me grinder, like, apparently, the history of NYC — and Hess asserts "Wurtzel's work has veered, Cat Marnell style, into the realm of self-help," then critiques Wurtzel for not giving good self-help. Is that fair? Maybe I haven't read enough Wurzel — here's here Reddit "Ask Me Anything" — but what I hear her saying is: I'm the wild bohemian, this is something I am deep in my soul and you are not and can never be, and therefore I am the writer and you are the ones who must read me, read me, read me.
Speaking of self-help, I wish I could help myself not to Google "Cat Marnell."
10 comments:
- Matthew Sablan said...
I'm not exactly a romantic, but I'm really starting to wonder what's up with everyone picking on the idea of marriage lately. Ace's website has a piece about it; you see it more and more about men opting out of marriage. Has the last few years really been that much of a demystification of marriage that people are starting to not think it is the bee's knees?
Why does one need to be nuts to be happy while also not married? - 8/9/13, 10:28 AM
- William said...
It's a clinical fact that schizophrenics have more intense sex lives, but that intensity is not much help in building a stable relationship.......It would take a brave man to commit to Elizabeth. Not because of the craziness but because you would just know that she's taking notes and that after the relationship goes sour you and all your deficits will be immortalized in next year's memoir.
- elkh1 said...
"I may yet get married..."
Quite an assumption that someone will marry her. - 8/9/13, 11:46 AM
- cubanbob said...
When she was young she was very good looking. Men will go for young and crazy as long as its good looking. Middle-age, not so much.
- Ann Althouse said...
"When she was young she was very good looking. Men will go for young and crazy as long as its good looking. Middle-age, not so much."
There is always someone who loves what you've got. The ruined, dissolute beauty is very romantic. She's super smart, artistic, and game. A rich man with artistic longing and a need for excitement... Something like that. - 8/9/13, 1:10 PM
- Michelle Dulak Thomson said...
I have to say that the image on her Wikipedia page is about as unflattering as it could well be. Said page also credits her with a "combined SAT score" of 160, which of course isn't possible.
I thought she was the young, hip, ever-so-cool writer who had compared the sight of one of the Twin Towers falling to pulling a sweater over one's head, but I'm not finding the reference now. It could always have been Naomi Wolf. - 8/9/13, 1:26 PM
- slumber_j said...
"'There is always someone who loves what you've got."
Having (involuntarily and for a variety of reasons) spent a certain amount of time around Liz Wurtzel off and on over the last 26 years or so, it's really hard for me to believe that's true of her. Her craziness strikes me as deeply irritating and slightly sinister--not romantic.
And she certainly has never come across as super-smart, and she's not even good at being cunning, which is mostly what she seems to be trying to get up to. She wasn't even good at plagiarism. - 8/9/13, 2:59 PM
- Martha said...
I think it was Wurtzel's LSAT score that was 160.
Somehow that LSAT was good enough to get her in to Yale Law School. - 8/9/13, 3:10 PM
- Ann Althouse said...
The key in the rankings is the median, so once you are sub-median, and that's probably sub-median for the whole top tier, then it's other things that account for admission. In her case, the LSAT was high enough not to worry that she couldn't do the work, and she had her writing career to make her a potentially interesting person to have around.
- cubanbob said...
"There is always someone who loves what you've got. The ruined, dissolute beauty is very romantic. She's super smart, artistic, and game. A rich man with artistic longing and a need for excitement... Something like that."
Yes you can say there is a lid for every pot. That said, the lid you are referring to would probably be a healthy, wealthy 15 to 20 year older lid who will insist on a very strong pre-nup. Romance tempered with reality. - 8/9/13, 11:42 PM


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Artist description:
Its been awhile since I was here last. Hope I'm not forgotten. Here's a doodle celebrating love :-)
Flash Draw Created Apr 07, 2011 640 x 460px Unless noted Copyright 2011 patty013.
We encourage you to submit a comment and let the artist know what you think of this drawing. Please log in or join to post a comment.
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So sweet Patty - love it. Their contrasting colours and the delish cup cake - would make a LOVELY greeting card. I would purchase it for sure!
How could we forget you.. you are a nice thoughtful person & a great artist....i like this drawing :)
You're never forgotten, Patty. I'm delighted to see you back! :) This is an adorable pair, and what a yummy treat they have :) 5 ♥s
Hi Patty it's great to see you back! :) adorable cute couple sharing a very yummy cupcake, it's love! 5♥s


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Lot 280: Autographed Apollo and Shuttle Photos
U.S. Space Walk of Fame Museum Charity Space Memorabilia fundraising auction #2
by Space Walk of Fame
29 October 2016
Titusville, FL, USA
Live AuctionSold
Looking for the realised and estimated price?
Description: Collection of 9 Astronaut individual all authentically signed and not inscribed.
Notes: SM-1


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Highlights - Compact dimensions and NVIDIA graphics deliver desktop-quality gaming wherever you are - Quad-core Intel processing runs your games and demanding software flawlessly - Hard drive and SSD storage combines capacity and storage for responsive computing - Backlit Steel Series keyboard gives you the control you need to game at your best Built for portable gaming From the biggest triple-A titles like the Witcher 3 to the most popular online games like League of Legends, you can experience all your favourites with impressive detail and high FPS. Unlike most gaming laptops, the Phantom is truly portable. The 14 Full HD screen is the ideal size for gaming on the commute, at a friends house, or on the sofa, as its large enough for immersive gameplay without being difficult to carry. Plus, there are HDMI and Mini-DisplayPorts which support up to three external monitors if you want to game on a bigger screen. Powered by Intel Theres no worry about whether the Phantom will run your games or demanding software properly as its powered by a quad-core Intel Core i7 processor. Besides not holding the graphics card back, the i7 processor is more than capable of running industry standard design, media editing, and music production software - perfect for working and creating when youre not gaming. Dual storage You can benefit from both high capacity and high-performance storage as the Phantom features both a conventional hard drive and a super-fast solid-state drive (SSD). The 1 TB hard drive has plenty of room for music, films, and more, while you can install your most played games to the SSD to benefit from reduced load times and less texture pop-in on visually demanding games. Built for gamers Exclusive to MSI are built-in SteelSeries gaming keyboards. With the same feedback and response as a stand-alone keyboard, you can game at your best. Its backlit too, which looks great and allows you to consistently hit the right keys even in the lowest light. ___________________________________________________________________________ Ultrabook, Celeron, Celeron Inside, Core Inside, Intel, Intel Logo, Intel Atom, Intel Atom Inside, Intel Core, Intel Inside, Intel Inside Logo, Intel vPro, Itanium, Itanium Inside, Pentium, Pentium Inside, vPro Inside, Xeon, and Xeon Inside are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries.
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CORD provides a strong common voice to advocate for health policy and a healthcare system that works for those with rare disorders. CORD works with governments, researchers, clinicians and industry to promote research, diagnosis, treatment and services for all rare disorders in Canada.
Learn MoreRare Disease Day 2017 Annual Awards Gala
March 30, 2017
Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre 1088 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC
Date: March 30, 2017
Location: Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre 1088 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC
Ticket Purchase
Join us on Thursday evening, March 30th, when CORD will host its annual Rare Disease Day Awards Gala. We will recognize those individuals and organizations that have made extraordinary contributions to the Canadian rare disease community over this past year.
Cocktail reception at 6:00 pm followed by dinner at 7:00 pm, performance by Justin LaBrash. Business or Smart Cocktail Attire
Gala Ticket: $195
Patient Gala Ticket: $125
Table of 8: $1500
Justin LaBrash is a 17 year old country recording artist from Saskatchewan who has not let growing up with mastocytosis keep him from reaching for his dreams of a career in the music industry. (http://labrash.net)
Rare Disease Day 2017 Conference Registration: March 30 - 31 , 2017
March 30, 2017
Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre, 1088 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC
Date: March 30 - 31, 2017
Location: Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre, 1088 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC
Living Rare: With Research, Possibilities are Limitless With Patients, Anything Imaginable is Achievable!
2-Day Conference: March 30-31, 2017
Share experiences of living ... enhanced by a rare condition
Connect with groups that improve rare living
Create inspired and inspiring solutions within Canada's Rare Disease Strategy
Rare Disease Day 2017
Through videos, testimonials, and facilitated discussions, we will provide an opportunity to get to know the people living with the rare conditions and their patient groups or organizations. Each of the four panels will be organized around one of the four core pillars of Canada's Rare Disease strategy: diagnosis, expert care, community support, and access to therapy. The fifth pillar, research, will be integral to addressing issues identified in each of the other areas.
Refund Policy: Cancellations received a minimum of 15 days prior to the event will receive a refund minus an administrative fee of $15.00. This fee covers the cost of processing the registration and refund. Cancellations received after the 15-day deadline and no-shows are non-refundable.
GETTING TO ACCESS Innovative approaches to innovative medicines
March 29, 2017
Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre 1088 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC
Why this forum matters: Innovative drug therapies are medicines that can:
Offer a substantial improvement over existing therapies; for example, biologics can modify the underlying cause of a condition rather than just treat the symptoms;
Address an unmet need; many drugs for rare disease are the first to be developed for that condition
Target the (unique) characteristics of a subgroup of patients based on genetic makeup and/or other individual characteristics
Cure the disease; for example, by eliminating the cause (hepatitis C virus), replacing abnormal cells (stem cell replacement), or modifying the faulty gene But innovative therapies come at a price that is often considered "unaffordable" under current assessment processes
Individual high-cost therapies can have an identifiable impact on overall drug plan budgets, whether private or public
Final Agenda
Individual Registration:
$995 early bird rate (extended to March 12)
$1250 regular rate (after March 12)
Patient Registration:
$495 early bird rate (extended to March 12)
$650 regular rate (after March 12)
If you are a patient representative who would like to attend the forum but need financial assistants to cover the registration fee, please email us at email@example.com


text: This Was 2012's Most Accessible Game For Disabled GamersLuke Plunkett1/03/13 3:00amFiled to: AwardsFifa 1322EditPromoteShare to KinjaToggle Conversation toolsGo to permalink AbleGamers, a "a nonprofit that helps gamers with disabilities", has revealed their winners for its 2013 accessible game of the year. Advertisement Overall, top prize went to the PC version of EA Sports' FIFA 13, for its customisable controls, high contrast colours, visual cues and, best of all, a mouse-only control scheme.For disabled gamers with Muscular Dystrophy, Cerebral Palsy, Multiple Sclerosis, and even one-handed gamers, the ability to play such a sophisticated sports game with simple controls that can be handled by a trackball or mouse mean gamers who may not have been able to enjoy iconic sporting activities like baseball, football, hockey or soccer can now take part in the fun.Other winners included XCOM for mostly the same reasons, and the indie game Colour Bind, because, well, it comes with color blindness support baked in. Advertisement FIFA 13 is the 2012 AbleGamers Accessible Mainstream Game of the Year [AbleGamers, via GamePolitics]Reply22 repliesLeave a reply


text:
Where have I disappeared to? I have been busy. Busy with work, family and some more research. I have made tremendous amounts of progress, mostly by reaching out to people for help. I received a gigantic GEDCOM from a distant cousin of my wife's from the Bishop side and started adding it into my files. I only did this because this particular GEDCOM (as opposed to almost all the others I have seen) had a lot of sources and citations. I also got some additional information on the Kilchevsky (or should I just give that spelling up and go with the original Kielczewski?) side of the family. I also signed up with Footnote.com and started looking through their 43+ Million records. So, I have been a little busy.
Anyway, back to the medals:
1. Go Back and Cite Your Sources!
50 Citations - Platinum Medal
I am well into the hundreds here. And I have barely scratched the surface. Not only am I adding sources for everything I have, I also need to verify everything I have added from others. Lots to do.
2. Back Up Your Data!
This is definitely an important task. Let's see where I stand:
A. Prepare a comprehensive backup plan for your digital research files and a security plan for your hard copies and photos - I will make daily backups locally and then move all my files to my external drive weekly. I will also burn an image of the external drive to DVD once a month. Eventually all information will be secured off-line as well.
B. Secure your hard copies and photos in waterproof containers - That will have to wait another day. I don't have many documents and photos to begin with, so this became a lower priority.
C. Backup all your data using a flash drive, an external drive, CDs, DVDs, or an online resource - Done!
D. Have all your hard copies and photos scanned and secure them either in a fire-proof safe or off-site in a safety-deposit box/secure environment - It will take me a long time to scan everything I have, even though it's not much. And as far as off-site storage, that will have to wait as well.
E. All your data is backed up digitally and secured physically and you can recover from any disaster while losing only one month or less worth of research - Digitally yes, physically no (see D).
Completed Task A&C - Silver Medal - I have work to do.
3. Organize Your Research!
Complete five or more tasks - Platinum Medal - I have done everything but F. I'll work on that.
4. Write, Write, Write!
A. Write a summary of what your blog is about and post it on your blog – you may not have done this since you started the blog and it is a great way to have new readers learn more about your site. - This was my first post, July 29th, 2008.
B. Participate in a genealogy or family history related blog carnival. - I submitted one of my posts to the Carnival of Central and Eastern European Genealogy.
C. Prepare several posts in draft mode (if possible with your blog platform) and pre-publish. - Still a no on this one. I am an impulse blogger who can't pre-publish.
D. Write a brief biographical sketch on one of your ancestors. - Done.
E. Sign up to host a future carnival - Probably not going to happen just yet because of newbieness.
Complete any three tasks - Gold Medal
5. Reach Out & Perform Genealogical Acts of Kindness!
A. Comment on a new (to you) genea-blog. - Pretty much every day.
B. Join another genea-blogger's blog network on Facebook Blog Networks. - Multi-done.
C. Invite other genealogists to join Facebook. - I decided to give this one my own spin. I have been talking about genealogy at every opportunity and getting people interested. I even hosted our monthly neighborhood poker night and after I was eliminated I checked some people's ancestors. So I will include this one as done!
D. Assist another researcher with a research request or look-up. - I have contributed to several researchers with small amounts of information.
E. Participate in an indexing project. - Not done. I am sure there is something that I could have done, but I just don't know where to start yet.
F. Join a genealogical, historical, heritage or lineage society. - I did not join the two I wanted (I will in the near future) but instead signed up for three SIG on JewishGen. So that should cover it.
Complete five or more tasks - Platinum Medal
Here's the final tally:
3 Platinum
1 Gold
1 Silver
This has been a lot of fun to do. Not only did I learn some valuable lessons about genealogical research, but I also managed to step up my research and incorporate some structure in it. Whatever I have not completed, I will strive to do in the next few weeks. Thanks to all who organized and spent time making sure we all have a good time.
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Congratulations on your medals! I'm impressed with the extraordinary efforts put out by all the participants. A special thanks to Thomas, Miriam and Kathryn for their efforts organizing both the Genea-Bloggers group and these games. What a wonderful way to build community!
August 25, 2008 at 5:53 PM
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Sheltie bliss in the making…
Kyle looks like he is in 7th heaven Chris!
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Welcome to Agriturismo Corte Carolina Montorio Veronese, Offering peaceful moments and organic products, Agriturismo Corte Carolina is a family-run farm in the countryside surrounding Verona. It features country-style rooms and a furnished garden. Homegrown vegetables and fruit can be purchased on site, and sweet homemade items are served daily for breakfast. Savoury options are also available upon request. With air conditioning in summer and heating in winter, rooms at the Corte Carolina feature an en suite bathroom and flat-screen TV. Each has tiled floors and wooden furniture, plus flowery details. The property lies at the foot of the mediaeval Montorio Castle. Bike paths run directly into Verona, which is only 6 km away. The Verona Train Station is a 10-minute drive away. (Agriturismo Corte Carolina Montorio Veronese hotels booking).


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"I can't emphasize this enough."
Jon Stewart
"The trick is in what one emphasizes. We either make ourselves miserable, or we make ourselves happy. The amount of work is the same."
Carlos Castaneda
"I'm not the one who was elected." Although she disagreed with her husband on a lot of issues," she emphasized, "I would never do anything to undermine my husband's point of view."
Laura Bush
"We emphasize that we believe in change because we were born of it, we have lived by it, we prospered and grew great by it. So the status quo has never been our god, and we ask no one else to bow down before it."
Carl T. Rowan
"It cannot be emphasized too clearly and too often that this nation was founded, not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religion, but on the gospel of Jesus Christ. For this very reason, peoples of other faiths have been afforded asylum, prosperity, and freedom of worship here."
Patrick Henry
"The main thing I want to emphasize is that everything involved in this process is dangerous."
Attorney General Terry Goddard
"It's disappointing. I can't deny that. But I have to emphasize the significance of what we're doing. We are disagreeing. We are failing to reach compromises. But we are not killing each other."
Barham Salih


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BRIEF-Zall says it expects Wuhan Zall Heng to be recognised as JV of group
* Expected that Wuhan Zall Heng, in which co has 60% equity interest through its unit, Zall Development Wuhan, will be recognised as jv of group
* Deadline falls on Feb. 22
* Blacklist could curb foreign dealings with banks
* Law would allow easier freezing of suspect accounts
By Ozge Ozbilgin and Jonathon Burch
ANKARA, Jan 25 Turkey is scrambling to push through a long-awaited anti-terrorism financing law before a deadline next month to avoid being expelled from an international watchdog and placed on its blacklist alongside Iran and North Korea.
Turkey is already on a "grey list" of countries drawn up by the 36-member Financial Action Task Force (FATF), a money-laundering watchdog, for not implementing the legislation required by its members despite pressing Ankara for years.
The FATF has warned Turkey if it does not pass the necessary legislation, which would allow alleged "terrorist" accounts to be frozen without a court order, by Feb. 22, it will be expelled as a member of the group and blacklisted.
Such a move could restrict foreign activity with Turkish banks, hamper Turkey's ability to raise funds abroad and could affect its credit rating, which received a boost last year when Fitch raised the country to investment grade.
"Potentially, this would be a crippling blow to Turkish banks as they look to be more international in outlook, and have been active in seeking to finance themselves increasingly offshore in recent months," said Timothy Ash at Standard Bank.
On Friday, a parliamentary commission passed the draft bill, which has been stalled since 2011, after two days of debates. Despite strong resistance from the country's main opposition party, Turkish officials have voiced confidence that the legislation would be adopted by next month's deadline.
Part of the reason the bill has been held up is Turkey's existing terrorism legislation. Opposition lawmakers fear the law could be used to wrongly label people as terrorists.
Turkey has one of the highest arrest rates in the world for terrorism charges and faces increasing criticism from the United Nations and rights groups over what they see as poorly-defined and broad-based laws which are regularly abused.
Around 100 journalists are in prison in Turkey, as well as thousands of activists, lawyers, politicians, military officers and others. Most are accused of plotting against the government or supporting outlawed Kurdish militants.
Turkey already has existing laws on money-laundering but these do not refer to the concept of "terrorism". While the current bill under debate would meet the FATF's minimum requirement, it falls short of laws enacted by other members.
"As often is the case in Turkey ... it has been difficult to get policymakers to focus on the need for urgent reform until the last minute," said Ash, who heads Standard Bank's emerging markets research.
"All our plans are pointing towards meeting the Feb. 22 deadline. Not meeting the Feb. 22 deadline is not on our agenda," said a justice ministry official who asked not to be identified.
The bill is expected to go before parliament in the first week of February and would take at least one to one-and-a-half weeks to be enacted but some officials said it would likely take longer because of strong opposition to the law.
The FATF estimated last year that money-laundering and related financial crimes cost between 2 percent and 5 percent of global gross domestic product.
The watchdog body can make recommendations to any of the 36 countries that have signed a membership charter, as well as other nations, but it has no power to carry out sanctions. Turkey signed on as a member in 2001. (Writing by Jonathon Burch; Editing by Nick Tattersall and Mark Heinrich)


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Is this attraction pet friendly?
Is this attraction good for small groups (less than four)?
Would this be a good rainy day activity?
Is this attraction free to the public?
Is gratuity suggested at this attraction?
Is there food available at this attraction?
Is a car required to access this attraction?
Is this attraction accessible using public transportation?
Is this attraction closed during certain parts of the year?
Is this attraction wheelchair accessible?
Thanks for helping!
Expected smth else besides small perfume bottles....lots of them. Anyway, interesting and worth visiting
3 Days in Barcelona
Barcelona Off the Beaten Path
One Day in Barcelona
this exhibit shows perfume bottles from different cultures and civilisations dating back to ancient greek and egyptian times. think of a make of perfume and you will find it here. there is a large collection of original perfume bottles, most of which still have the original perfume in from of major perfume house in the world. all exhibits housed in... More
Spent about an hour walking round looking for this place, which is inside the Perfumeria Regia shop, in a locked room. I wouldn't waste your time going here, we were charged 3 euros each for the privilege! Some of the bottles are of interest and you are supposed to get a 10 per cent discount on perfume at the shop,... More
It's not a museum as advertised, just an ordinary perfume shop. Doesn't worth the visit except you wanna buy some perfumes.
You pay €5 to get in and there's no information, no real order to the bottles, no sense of organisation. The staff in the shop seemed to find us a hindrance. They do have a phenomenal collection of bottles but it's completely disorganised and underdeveloped. What little information they do have is in Catalan and even for someone fluent in... More
I really enjoyed the perfume museum,as it takes you nicely through the history of perfumes. However,it is not the easiest to find (back of a perfume shop) and it would really be much better with more text explaining individual pieces. Otherwise worth a visit!
This museum is a bit hard to locate, moreover, it occupies a back room in a perfume shop. When you enter it, you find yourself in a new world where centuries are neatly arranged on glass shelves in the form of various perfume containers. From the VIth century BC till nowadays - all is there! Small it may be, but... More
We had trouble finding this 'museum' as we didn't realise it was a room at the back of a perfume shop, and had walked past the shop many times! A member of staff must have seen our puzzled faces as we struggled to locate the museum, and she kindly led us to the office where we paid entry to a... More
A stunning collection of thousands of perfumes in beautiful bottles. Many many collections of old and hardly known perfumes. A must for anyone who loves perfume. I cnnot believe the previous comment `don't bother' - morons!! - what more could anyone want to see?! Well worth the £5.
This is a small exhibit not a museum. There are lots of bottles of perfume Throughout the ages in glass cases. All on one room you could walk around in 1 minute. Entrance is €5. You walk through the shop pay some guy €5 each and they open the door to the room. If we had seem how small the... More
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For salad mix:
1 pkg organic, pre-washed spinach
1-2 pkg organic strawberries, sliced
1/2 red onion, slivered
3 C walnuts
1/2 C raw or brown sugar
3/4 C maple syrup or agave
For dressing:
2 tsp finely minced garlic
1 Tbs Dijon mustard
1/2 C balsamic vinegar
1/4 C hot water
1 Tbs sugar
1 Tbs olive oil
Salt and pepper to taste
Prepare Salad: Prep: Preheat oven to 400 degrees F, rinse & slice strawberries, peel and sliver red onion. Place spinach, onions, and strawberries in serving bowl. While oven is preheating, prepare dressing (see below) and mix 1/2 C raw or brown sugar with 3/4 C maple syrup or agave. Pour this sweet glaze over the walnuts on a lined baking tray. Place in oven once preheated, for five minutes, checking every minute for color and texture. (You want it to be golden brown & slightly crispy) Once walnuts are done, take them out and sprinkle into serving bowl.
Prepare dressing: In a small bowl or food processor combine garlic and mustard until well mixed. Whisk in balsamic vinegar, hot water and sugar. Slowly add in olive oil mixing until emulsified. Add salt and pepper to taste. Use immediately or cover and refrigerate. Feel free to substitute different vinegars and seasoning to your own taste.
Pour dressing over salad mix. Toss. Enjoy


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4 comments:
I like the design. I imagine our living room to have this kind of paint color combination. My wife loves deep purple too. We're planning to continue our remodeling project in our house through using techniques in DIY, home building kits application and hard work. Our priority is the living room. As of now, we're busy reading DIY home construction books and magazines.
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Employer Size and Dual Labor Markets
Recently developed effort regulation models argue that labor markets are segmented because of differences in the technology of supervision across firms. primary jobs pay above market clearing wages because these jobs are difficult to monitor. Secondary jobs, in contrast, pose no monitoring difficulties and therefore pay a market clearing wage. If, as the literature suggests, increases in employer size make supervision more difficult, we should observe that wages increase with employer size in primary jobs but not in secondary jobs. We test this hypothesis using a switching regression model. We find evidence of an employer size wage effect in both primary and secondary labor markets. However, consistent with the prediction of effort control models, the size effect on wages is considerably larger in primary than secondary jobs.
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Length: | |
Date of creation: | Jan 1991 |
Publication status: | published as Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 73, No. 4, (November 1991), p. 710-715. |
Handle: | RePEc:nbr:nberwo:3587 |
Note: | LS |
Contact details of provider: | Postal: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. Phone: 617-868-3900 Web page: http://www.nber.org Email: More information through EDIRC |
References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Mellow, Wesley, 1982. "Employer Size and Wages," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 64(3), pages 495-501, August.
- James B. Rebitzer & Lowell J. Taylor, 1991. "A Model of Dual Labor Markets When Product Demand Is Uncertain," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 106(4), pages 1373-1383.
- Dickens, William T & Lang, Kevin, 1988.
"Labor Market Segmentation and the Union Wage Premium,"
The Review of Economics and Statistics,
MIT Press, vol. 70(3), pages 527-530, August.
- William T. Dickens & Kevin Lang, 1986. "Labor Market Segmentation and the Union Wage Premium," NBER Working Papers 1883, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Alan B. Krueger, 1989.
"The Evolution of Unjust-Dismissal Legislation in the United States,"
NBER Working Papers
3127, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Alan B. Krueger, 1991. "The Evolution of Unjust-Dismissal Legislation in the United States," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 44(4), pages 644-660, July.
- Calvo, Guillermo A & Wellisz, Stanislaw, 1978. "Supervision, Loss of Control, and the Optimum Size of the Firm," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(5), pages 943-952, October.
- George A. Akerlof, 1982. "Labor Contracts as Partial Gift Exchange," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 97(4), pages 543-569.
- Oliver E. Williamson, 1967. "Hierarchical Control and Optimum Firm Size," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 75, pages 123-123.
- repec:fth:prinin:258 is not listed on IDEAS
- repec:pri:indrel:dsp015t34sj57f is not listed on IDEAS
- Alan B. Krueger, 1989. "The Evolution of Unjust-Dismissal Legislation in the United States," Working Papers 638, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
- Cain, Glen G, 1976. "The Challenge of Segmented Labor Market Theories to Orthodox Theory: A Survey," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 14(4), pages 1215-1257, December.
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Michelson–Morley experiment
The Michelson–Morley experiment was a scientific experiment to find the presence and properties of a substance called aether, a substance believed to fill empty space. The experiment was done by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley in 1887.
Since waves in water need something to move in (water) and sound waves do as well (air), it was believed that light also needed something to move in. Scientists in the 18th century named this substance "aether," after the Greek god of light. They believed that aether was all around us and that it also filled the vacuum of space. Michelson and Morley created this experiment to try and prove the theory that aether existed. They did this with a device called an interferometer.
The experiment[change | change source]
The Earth travels very quickly (more than 100,000 km per hour) around the Sun.[1] If aether exists, the Earth moving through it would cause a "wind" in the same way that there seems to be a wind outside a moving car. To a person in the car, the air outside the car would seem like a moving substance. In the same way, aether should seem like a moving substance to things on Earth.
The interferometer was designed to measure the speed and direction of the "aether wind" by measuring the difference between the speed of light traveling in different directions. It measured this difference by shining a beam of light into a mirror that was only partially coated in silver. Part of the beam would be reflected one way, and the rest would go the other. Those two parts would then be reflected back to where they were split apart, and recombined. By looking at interference patterns in the recombined beam of light, any changes in speed because of aether wind could be seen.
They found that there was in fact no substantial difference in the measurements. This was puzzling to the scientific community at the time, and led to the creation of various new theories to explain the result. The most important was Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity.
More websites[change | change source]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Michelson-Morley experiment |
- Early Experiments
- Modern Michelson–Morley Experiment improves the best previous result by two orders of magnitude, from 2003
References[change | change source]
- ↑ "Scientific American". Scientific American. Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-fast-is-the-earth-mov/. Retrieved 18 January 2017.


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That I almost missed Sarah Palin's Third World Hell Holes last night had nothing to do with the frightful blizzard-like weather that kept me from the gym for the second day in succession (the place was to have been locked tight on Christmas). Rather, it was to do with the fact that, while making myself an ultradeluxe lasagna, with roasted carrots and zucchini, to enjoy over the course of the week to come, I was tuned into the Food Network on the little TV in the kitchen, and they kept showing commercials for catheters. Now, apparently, no Food Network viewer need use a dirty catheter ever again, as you can get 200 lovely pristine ones sent to you for a low, low price. I found most disturbing the juxtaposition of all this dirty catheter talk with Bobby Flay and his Japanese counterpart — Morimoto, if I'm not mistaken — competing to see who could make the more delicious meal using eggnog in everything.
I washed down a Valium with some bourbon, lay outside in the snow until I lost the feeling in my fingers and toes, hurried back inside — to whatever extent one with no feeling below his ankles can be said to have hurried — and got the old Magnavox on and warmed up just in time for the beginning of SPTWHH. Sarah and family this week visited the southern African country of Malawi, where the average annual income is $7.65, and where inexpressible misery is rampant. The lamestream media will no doubt attribute the Palins' visit to Madonna's having adopted a Malawian orphan, or sort-of orphan, a few years ago, but I prefer to believe that she made her choice strictly on humanitarian grounds — that she felt it her responsibility as a beautiful white goddess to give the populace hope, just as Madonna had, but without the intimations of perversity, and without diminishing the population.
I suspect that, in view of the tragic recall of Don't Ask Don't Tell last week, many centrist viewers might have been offended by the segment in which Sarah, at lunch with President Bingu wa Mutharika, husband Todd and Mrs. Mutharika, expressed her enthusiasm for Malawi's fervent intolerance of homosexuality. The good news is that centrists are going to find themselves right next to liberals and so-called progressives in the litter box of history in a couple of years. If you're not part of the solution, you're part of the problem!
I hugely enjoyed the musical portion of the program, during which Malawi's premiere recording artist, Tay Grin (nee Limbani Kalilani), joined the Mutharikas and Palins for a medley of his big hit "Break Out", the Captain and Tennille's "Love Will Keep Us Together", and, rather insensitively, Madonna's "Like a Virgin", during which daughter Bristol's embarrassment was palpable. I can't imagine even the hardest liberal or so-called progressive heart not being touched by the taped segment showing Sarah, with tears in her eyes, handing out condoms, Bibles, and autographed copies of Goin' Rogue in Chichewa, the country's poorest region.
After that, it was both a wonderful surprise and a great relief to watch Sarah welcome the week's surprise special guests Hugh Hefner and his new fiancée Crystal Harris, to whom he proposed on Christmas Eve. At 104, Hef is actually older than Crys's great-grandfather, but the couple's mutual adoration was nonetheless unmistakable. I loved the great aplomb with which Sarah handled their suddenly trying to stick their tongues down each other's throats, from the look of it, right in the middle of responding to her question about the Playboy Foundation's plan to distribute free Bantu-language editions of the magazine in the country's schools to stimulate interest in literacy. "Hey, you two," Sarah chirped brightly, missing not a beat, even while husband Todd cringed in embarrassment, "get a room, why doncha?" And her detractors would have you believe she's not quick-thinking enough for the presidency!
I wasn't at all sure I approved of how Hef, who clearly likes 'em young and frisky, was leering at Bristol over his new fiancee's shoulder later in the interview, but Bris is more than old enough to take care of herself nowadays, and in a fight between Hef and Bris's new inamorato Gino Paoletti, I can't imagine any common sense conservative favoring Hef.
Monday, December 27, 2010
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Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was First Lady of the United States from 1933 to 1945. She supported the New Deal policies of her husband, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and assumed a role as an advocate for civil rights. After her husband's death in 1945, she continued to be an internationally prominent author and speaker for the New Deal coalition. She worked to enhance the status of working women, although she opposed the Equal Rights Amendment because she believed it would adversely affect women.
In the 1940s, she was one of the co-founders of Freedom House and supported the formation of the United Nations. Eleanor Roosevelt founded the UN Association of the United States in 1943 to advance support for the formation of the UN. She was a delegate to the UN General Assembly from 1945 and 1952, a job for which she was appointed by President Harry S. Truman and confirmed by the United States Senate. During her time at the United Nations she chaired the committee that drafted and approved the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. President Truman called her the "First Lady of the World" in tribute to her human rights achievements.
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(122 quotes found)
"The battle for the individual rights of women is one of long standing and none of us should countenance anything which undermines it."
Eleanor Roosevelt
"The Bible illustrated by Dore occupied many of my hours - and I think probably gave me many nightmares."
"I think if the people of this country can be reached with the truth, their judgment will be in favor of the many, as against the privileged few"
"Those of us who believe in the right of any human being to belong to whatever church he sees fit, and to worship God in his own way, cannot be accused of prejudice when we do not want to see public education connected with religious control of the sc"
"The freedom of man, I contend, is the freedom to eat"
"Ambition is pitiless. Any merit that it cannot use it finds despicable."
"Perhaps in His wisdom the Almighty is trying to show us that a leader may chart the way, may point out the road to lasting peace, but that many leaders and many peoples must do the building."
"Old age has deformities enough of its own. It should never add to them the deformity of vice."
"For instance, it is certain that women do not want a woman for President. Nor would they have the slightest confidence in her ability to fulfill the functions of that office."
"We women are callow fledglings as compared with the wise old birds who manipulate the political machinery, and we still hesitate to believe that a woman can fill certain positions in public life as competently and adequately as a man."


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PERRY COUNTY – Property owners will need to pay the second installment of their property taxes by Nov. 10.
Property owners have several payment options. Old National and German American banks in Tell City and Rockport and Fifth Third Bank in Tell City will collect payments, as will the treasurer's office at the county courthouse. Property owners can mail payments to the Perry County Treasurer, P.O. Box 756, Tell City, IN 47586.
Mailed payments must be postmarked by Nov. 10 to avoid penalties.
By VINCE LUECKE, Editor
TELL CITY – A Tell City man running unopposed for city council hopes to serve as an effective listener and catalyst for growth when he joins the group in January.
Christopher L. Cail, 28, is running for the District 1 council seat held by Dr. Dianne Rudolph, who is not seeking re-election.
TELL CITY – Tell City High School will celebrate the 100th anniversary of boys basketball Nov. 26 during the school's game against Cannelton High School. The basketball program has accumulated 1,129 wins in the school's history. The celebration will begin with an alumni game from 5 to 5:40 p.m., followed by a junior varsity game at 6 p.m. and a varsity game at 7:30 p.m. A post-game reception will be held in Tell City at a location to be determined at a later date. Watch The News for more details.
TELL CITY – The Perry County Chamber of Commerce will conduct a ribbon cutting for the Glenn's Cleaning Service at noon Tuesday to celebrate their new location. Glenn's Cleaning Service is located at 907 Jefferson St. in Tell City. They opened July 1, 2007. Owners of Glenn's Cleaning Service are Isiah (Ike) and Michelle Glenn. They offer commercial and industrial cleaning services along with specialty floor care. Contact Ike for a quote to clean your business.
PERRY COUNTY – Official trick-or-treating times have been set for today in Tell City, Cannelton and Troy.
In Tell City, ghouls and goblins, superheroes and villains can go door-to-door from 5 to 8 p.m. Cannelton's hours Halloween night are 5 to 7 p.m. while Troy's haunting hours are 4 to 6 p.m.
TELL CITY – The fifth annual Trunks of Treats will be held from 5 to 8 p.m. today at the First United Methodist Church in Tell City.
This event provides a safe alternative to door-to-door trick or treating.
All activity will be held in the east parking lot behind the church at Tenth and Mozart streets. Free hot dogs and drinks will be available to everyone. The church extends an invitation to the community to take their children for this evening of fun and fellowship.
(Click photo to enlarge.)
The Cannelton Heritage Fest Republican committee announced its winners of $25 gas card drawings.
The Perry County News is pleased to announce events of local interest as a service to our readers and the community. Information should be sent to The News at P.O. Box 309, Tell City, IN 47586. Information can also be faxed to 547-2847 or e-mailed to email@example.com. Please include a telephone number.
By KEVIN KOELLING, Managing Editor
TELL CITY – Brad Franzman was unsuccessful in convincing the county council to return $7,000 to the county's parks and recreation budget.
Each councilman had been contacted "in regard to our concerns about our budget for 2012," the parks-board member told them at their regular meeting Thursday. In crafting early this month a proposed county budget for next year, the council was faced with cutting $400,000 to match projected revenues with expenses, a number similar to cuts necessary in recent years.


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Decimal Degrees: Latitude: 35.3470285 Longitude: -91.4442974
Share your comments and photos of Plant Bend, a Bend in White County, AR
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Bend: Plant Bend
Lake: Horseshoe Lake , Little Lake , Bacon Lake , Walker Lake
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Time to build: 0.0460 Secs | Cached: 27-Mar-17 08:58 AM


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Follow @DaytimeRoyalty
Viewing Single Post From: Good news for Rafe and Gabi | |
james0479 | Sep 28 2012, 12:48 AM |
I'm sure someone has beat me to this possibly but I haven't had time to look thru this whole thread. Nicoles baby dies. Bo quits his job and leaves the show. But.... GOOD NEWS for Rafe and Gabi!!!!! Yeah!!!, not so much. Wtf!! |
Good news for Rafe and Gabi · DAYS: News, Spoilers & Discussion |


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A new bloody game in the Mass Mayhem series is here! After the world has been infected with a deadly virus, everyone is turning into freakin ugly zombies. But one savior will get rid of this pest once and for all ... you! Protect your bunker, upgrade your weapons, but most importantly; kill all these damn dirty zombies! Have Fun!
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Jared Leto Wins Men's Best Dressed
In a powder blue Givenchy suit and pink flower brooch.
Jared Leto is known for his fashion moments, and at this year's Oscars he was nothing short of unique. The actor walked the red carpet in a powder blue Givenchy suit with white shoes and a Fred Leighton Art Deco Onyx and Diamond Buckle Bar Brooch. This isn't the first time the actor has worn a colored suit, but we're giving him extra fashion points for this ensemble.
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Bird Watching: Bluebirds- Spring 2012, 1 by 2dCousinDave
Communities > Forums
Image Copyright 2dCousinDave
In reply to: Bluebirds- Spring 2012
Forum: Bird Watching
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2dCousinDave wrote: Thanks Iris, I kinda' like that one too. Here is my brood on day 12. You can really see the blue feathers on the two on the flanks. They are having a hard time squeezing down into the cup of the nest. Not too bad a shot, considering it is raining here. I may try for a quick peek at them tomorrow, if the rain stops. After that, we will have reached the point where it is too risky to open the box. |
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Monticelloman Triathlon - Olympic Course - TriathlonOlympic
View Member's Race Log View other race reports
Comments: Went out too easy and felt like I had too much in the tank at the end. Course felt like it may have been a bit long too. Some kind of current going on from the wind I think, a bit choppy. Transition 1
Comments: decent transition, good flying mount. Putting my jacket on cost me some time. Bike
Comments: Went out a bit too hard on the first hills. Had my jacket on because I was cold, I hate riding in the cold and my feet were frigid. Had some problem with my toe, and in the ride took my shoe off checked it and put it back on. Wasted WAY too much time there for no good reason. Should have just sucked it up. Still a little shaky on my disc cover and HED3 front, need to practice. Headwind on the last few miles, the downhill portion, was a real split killer. Need to work on getting my cadence up on the tri bike, a flatter course should help this. Transition 2
Comments: good transition. had to run around the back side and go through. put on socks and took off jacket which took time. Run
Comments: Happy with my run. PR on a hilly course and felt good. Legs suffered a bit from the lower cadence I used on the bike. My lungs/heart felt good and my legs were the limiter on this one. Was hurting pretty bad at miles 4-5, but held it together for a solid effort. Post race
Event comments: the announcer was very long winded and it was annoying. awards took about 3 times as long as they should have. Last updated: 2013-04-01 12:00 AM
2013-05-10 9:46 AM in reply to: #4734118 |
2013-05-11 8:49 PM in reply to: #4734118 |
General Discussion-> Race Reports! |


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Lot 89: John W. Hilton (1904-1983 Twentynine Palms, CA)
California & American Fine Art Auction
by John Moran Auctioneers
October 25, 2016
Monrovia, CA, USA
Live AuctionJohn William Hilton (1904-1983) Please Register/Login to access your Invaluable Alerts
Looking for the realized and estimated price?
Description: Blooming desert landscape, incised with signature and copyright symbol lower right: John W. Hilton, inscribed verso: Painted for Mr. & Mrs. Walter Weck Jr, oil on masonite, 20'' H x 34'' W, est: $1000/1500.
Condition Report: Visual: Generally good condition. Blacklight: No evidence of restoration under blacklight.
Provenance: Private Collection, Burbank, CA
Dimensions: 20'' H x 34'' W
Artist or Maker: John W. Hilton (1904-1983 Twentynine Palms, CA)
Medium: oil on masonite


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Romance of the Three Kingdoms XI (Windows)
Published by Developed by Released Also For |
ESRB Rating Genre Perspective Pacing Setting |
Critic Score
100 point score based on reviews from various critics. 4.3
User Score
5 point score based on user ratings. |
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The eleventh installment of the series continues the struggles of the warlords for power of China in the late Han dynasty through eight available scenarios. The player can control more than 40 cities, build structures and armies with the help of hundreds of officers, and decide the fate of China once again.Romance of the Three Kingdoms XI uses the whole map of China from a side-scrolling and rotatable top-down perspective camera. All units, cities, and structures are viewable throughout the map, not requiring any form of espionage beforehand as in earlier installments of the series. When the player decides to end a turn, own and AI units will commence their actions depending on which part of the map the player is currently viewing.
There are over 800 officers, complete with individual portraits and biographies, also including other information such as combat skills, blood ties, and unit specialization. Additionally, completing the tutorial will unlock several famous historical figures from other periods of Chinese history, such as Kong Qiu (Confucius).
Officers have statistical abilities which influence how the success rate a mentioned general may carry out a specific task. The abilities are: Leadership, War, Intelligence, Politics, and Charisma. Continuously performing tasks may increase any the primary statistics. In addition to abilities, some officers may also have specific skills. Skills provide unique active or passive capabilities for the officer in mention. For example, Zhao Yun has the "Insight" skill which renders him immune from all enemy combat strategies.
Combat initiates immediately during each player's turn. During the turn of any active player, the player may choose to move own units on the map and attack enemy land units or ships. All opponents may be attacked unless under alliance or cease fire, during which the player may also move through their territory freely.
Player actions may reward the player with technical points. These points may then be invested in the game's version of a combat technological tree, thus enabling different strengths for each faction formerly defined only by its officers. Each branch in the technology tree will upgrade a particular unit type or defense option.
The eight available scenarios are divided into two different modes. The "standard mode" allows the player to choose one of the available leaders, while the "present scenario" mode is the single-player version of the available scenarios, pre-designating the player to control a specified leader.
Promo Images
There are no promo images for this game
Alternate Titles
- "RTK XI" -- Common abbreviation
Part of the Following Groups
- Gameplay feature: Character development - Repetition
- Genre: Grand strategy
- KOEI Historical Simulation series
- Romance of the Three Kingdoms series
- Setting: Chinese
- Setting: Chinese Three Kingdoms era
User Reviews
There are no reviews for this game.
Critic Reviews
GameFocus | Sep 09, 2008 | 8.7 out of 10 | 87 |
GameStar (Germany) | Aug, 2008 | 73 out of 100 | 73 |
IGN | Sep 11, 2008 | 7.2 out of 10 | 72 |
Play.tm | Sep 09, 2008 | 70 out of 100 | 70 |
4Players.de | Aug 29, 2008 | 70 out of 100 | 70 |
DarkZero | Sep 12, 2008 | 7 out of 10 | 70 |
Worth Playing | Feb 17, 2009 | 7 out of 10 | 70 |
Gamers.at | Sep 08, 2008 | 70 out of 100 | 70 |
Absolute Games (AG.ru) | Dec 19, 2008 | 70 out of 100 | 70 |
GamingXP | Sep 24, 2008 | 48 out of 100 | 48 |
There are currently no topics for this game.
There is no trivia on file for this game.
Related Web Sites
- Romance of the Three Kingdoms XI (Official homepage.)
Indra is stressed (19938) added Romance of the Three Kingdoms XI (Windows) on Mar 25, 2009
Other platforms contributed by Chris Lesinky (312)
There are no game credits on file for this release of the game. Everything in MobyGames is contributable by users.


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Veronica Mars 2014 SPANiSH BDRip x264-JODER
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Genre: Comedy / Crime / Drama / Mystery
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Publication number | US7800580 B2 |
Publication type | Grant |
Application number | US 10/598,204 |
PCT number | PCT/IB2005/050671 |
Publication date | Sep 21, 2010 |
Filing date | Feb 24, 2005 |
Priority date | Mar 1, 2004 |
Fee status | Paid |
Also published as | CN1926601A, CN1926601B, DE602005024114D1, EP1723630A2, EP1723630B1, US20070146306, WO2005088603A2, WO2005088603A3 |
Publication number | 10598204, 598204, PCT/2005/50671, PCT/IB/2005/050671, PCT/IB/2005/50671, PCT/IB/5/050671, PCT/IB/5/50671, PCT/IB2005/050671, PCT/IB2005/50671, PCT/IB2005050671, PCT/IB200550671, PCT/IB5/050671, PCT/IB5/50671, PCT/IB5050671, PCT/IB550671, US 7800580 B2, US 7800580B2, US-B2-7800580, US7800580 B2, US7800580B2 |
Inventors | Mark Thomas Johnson, Guofu Zhou, Johannes Petrus Van De Kamer |
Original Assignee | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. |
Export Citation | BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan |
Patent Citations (7), Non-Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (31), Classifications (15), Legal Events (3) | |
External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet | |
The present invention relates to an electrophoretic display, and in particular to such a display that provides for transitions between a grayscale drive scheme and a monochrome drive scheme.
Electrophoretic displays are known since long, for example from U.S. Pat. No. 3,612,758. The fundamental principle of electrophoretic displays is that the appearance of an electrophoretic media encapsulated in the display is controllable by means of electrical fields. To this end the electrophoretic media typically comprises electrically charged particles having a first optical appearance (e.g. black) contained in a fluid such as liquid or air having a second optical appearance (e.g. white) different from the first optical appearance. Alternatively the media might be transparent and comprise two different type of particles having different colors and opposite charge.
The display typically comprises a plurality of pixels, each pixel being separately controllable by means of electric fields supplied by electrode arrangements. The particles are thus movable by means of an electric field between visible positions, invisible positions, and possibly also intermediate semi-visible positions. Thereby the appearance of the display is controllable. The invisible positions of the particles can for example be in the depth of the liquid or behind a black mask.
A more recent design of an electrophoretic display is described by E Ink Corporation in, for example, WO99/53373. Electrophoretic medias are known per se from e.g. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,961,804, 6,120,839, and 6,130,774, and can be obtained from, for example, E Ink Corporation.
Grayscales or intermediate optical states in electrophoretic displays are generally provided by applying voltage pulses to the electrophoretic media for specified time periods, such that the particles are moved to intermediate, semi-visible positions. The implementation of grayscales in electrophoretic displays is however connected with a number of problems. A fundamental problem is that it is very difficult to accurately control and keep track of the actual positions of the particles in the electrophoretic media, and even minor spatial deviations might result in visible grayscale disturbances.
Typically, only the extreme states are well defined (i.e. the states where all particles are attracted to one particular electrode). In case a potential is applied forcing the particles towards one of the extreme states, all the particles will be collected essentially in that particular state if the potential is applied long enough. However, in intermediate states (gray levels) there will always be a spatial spread among the particles, and their actual positions will depend upon a number of circumstances, which can be controlled only to a certain degree. Consecutive addressing of intermediate gray levels is particularly troublesome. In practice, the actual grayscale is strongly influenced by image history (i.e. the preceding image transitions), the waiting time (i.e. the time between consecutive addressing signals), ambient temperature and humidity, lateral non-homogeneity of the electrophoretic media etc.
Furthermore, accurate addressing of an electrophoretic media is obstructed by an inertia experienced in the particles. As it turns out, the particles do not respond immediately to an electrical field but instead requires a certain activation time when addressed, which results in increased image retention. To this end, the non-pre-published patent applications in accordance to applicants docket referred to as PHNL020441 and PHNL030091, which have been filed as European patent applications 02077017.8 and, 03100133.2, suggest to minimize the image retention by using preset pulses (also referred to as shaking pulses). Preferably, the shaking pulse comprises a series of AC-pulses. However, the shaking pulse may alternatively comprise a single preset pulse only.
Each shaking pulse (i.e. each preset pulse) has an energy that is sufficient to release particles present in one of the extreme positions, but insufficient to move the particles substantially. The shaking pulses thereby increase the mobility of the particles such that the subsequent drive or reset pulse has an immediate effect.
According to the co-pending European application 02079203.2 (=PHNL021000), the gray level accuracy can be further improved using a rail-stabilized approach, which means that the gray levels are always addressed via a well defined reset state, typically one of the extreme states (i.e. one of the rails). The benefit of this approach is that the extreme states are stable and well defined, as opposed to the less well defined intermediate states. The extreme states are thus used as reference states for each grayscale transition.
Theoretically the uncertainties in each gray level therefore depend only upon the actual addressing of that particular gray level, since the initial position is well known.
However, when using this approach grayscale transitions become visible as flicker, since a transition from one gray level to another includes an intermediate transition where the pixel is in one of the extreme states. This flickering effect can be reduced in case the reset state is chosen to be the particular extreme state that is closest to the previous and/or subsequent states.
For example, in a black and white display the reference initial rail state for a grayscale transition is chosen according to the desired gray level. The gray levels between white (100% bright) and middle gray (50% bright) are achieved starting from the white reference state, and gray levels between full dark (0% bright) and middle gray (50% bright) are achieved starting from the black reference state. The advantage of this method is that an accurate grayscale can be addressed with a minimum of flickering and a reduced image update time.
According to the above principle each grayscale transition thus includes a reset pulse, which resets the pixel in the respective extreme state, and an addressing pulse, which sets the pixel in the desired grayscale state. Theoretically, the duration of a reset pulse need not be longer than the time required for the particles to travel from the present state to the selected extreme state. However, using such a limited reset pulse does not actually reset the pixel completely. In fact, the appearance of the pixel still depends upon the addressing history of the pixel to some degree.
Therefore, the co-pending European application EP 03100133.2 (PHNL030091) proposes a further improvement by the use of an over-reset voltage pulse, extending the duration of the reset pulse. The reset pulse thereby consists of two portions: a "standard reset" portion and an "over-reset" portion. The "standard reset" requires a time period that is proportional to the distance between the present optical state and the extreme state. The "over-reset" is needed for erasing pixel image history and improving the image quality.
Using the reset pulse, the pixels are first brought to a well-defined extreme state before the drive pulse changes the optical state of the pixel in accordance with the image to be displayed. This improves the accuracy of the gray levels. The "over-reset" pulse and the "standard reset" pulse together have an energy which is larger than required to bring the pixel into the extreme state. Unless explicitly mentioned, for the sake of simplicity, the term reset pulse in the following refers to reset pulses without an "over-reset" pulse as well as to reset pulses including the "over-reset" pulse.
However, when the "over-reset" approach is employed the total reset period is always longer than the actual grayscale driving pulse (i.e. the pulse that moves the particles from the selected extreme state to the desired gray level), leading to the build-up of a net remnant DC voltage in the pixel. The remnant DC is actually built up and stored to some extent in the display media. The remnant DC therefore has to be timely removed or at least reduced in order to avoid gray scale drift in the subsequent image updates. In case the reset state continuously shifts between the two extreme states, the drift problem is substantially eliminated since the integral remnant DC voltage is thereby kept close to zero. However, in practice, the image sequences are often not random, and dark gray to dark gray or light gray to light gray transitions may repeatedly occur. The remnant DC is then integrated with an increased number of consecutive image transitions via the same extreme state, leading to a large grayscale drift towards that particular extreme state in subsequent image transitions. The probability of having these repetitions is particularly high if the display has a large number of gray levels.
The complete voltage waveform that has to be presented to a pixel during an image update period is referred to as the drive voltage waveform or simply the drive signal. The drive voltage waveform usually differs for different optical transitions of the pixel. The range of drive waveforms, or drive signals, that are needed for full addressing of the display is typically stored in a look-up-table taking the present state and the subsequent state as input and specifying a suitable waveform based thereon.
In order to provide smooth transitions between pixel images, short updating times are crucial. However, drive waveforms including the above-described shaking and preset pulses of course extend the updating time. A tradeoff thus has to made between image updating time and accurate image updating.
Thus, when switching between different gray levels there is typically a need for an elaborate combination of shaking and reset pulses. For the purpose of the present invention it is, however, realized that switching only between the extreme states (e.g. between the black and the white states) is much easier, since these states are well defined unlike the intermediate gray levels. In a display that need not provide grayscales (i.e. a monochrome display), the drive wave forms can therefore be made simpler and the resulting updating times are thus shorter compared to displays that provide for grayscales.
It is furthermore realized that two different modes of operation can be provided—a monochrome updating mode (MU) and a grayscale updating mode (GU) in displays that at times are used as monochrome displays, e.g. as an electronic book, and at other times are used for displaying grayscales (e.g. pictures). For comparison, updating in the monochrome mode might require an updating time of about 300 ms whereas updating in a four level grayscale mode might require about 900 ms. Thereby the tradeoff between grayscale accuracy and updating time can be differently tuned in a single display depending on whether or not grayscales are actually needed.
Hence, one aspect of the present invention provides an electrophoretic display comprising a drive unit, a drive circuitry, and at least one pixel cell that is arranged with drive electrodes and that contains an electrophoretic media that is responsive to an electric field applied between said drive electrodes. The drive unit is arranged to provide said pixel cell with a drive signal via said drive circuitry and is switchable between a monochrome drive scheme and a grayscale drive scheme. The monochrome drive scheme involves drive signals that provides for only two extreme optical pixel states, and the grayscale drive scheme involves drive signals that provides for at least one additional, intermediate pixel state between said extreme states. In other words, the monochrome drive scheme typically involves short, low complexity drive signals that provide for only two distinct extreme states but that facilitates rapid updating of the display. The grayscale drive scheme on the other hand typically involves extended, high complexity drive signals that provide for additional, intermediate color states between said limit color states but that also increases the updating times and thus reduces the overall performance of the display.
The drive unit is furthermore operative to apply a separate transition drive signal when switching from said grayscale drive scheme to said monochrome drive scheme, whereby said transition drive signal is arranged so as to counteract the build-up of remnant DC voltage in the pixel cell.
One way of interpreting this aspect of the invention is thus that a grayscale drive scheme is employed for accurately accessing the extreme states as well as a number of (or at least one) gray levels, a monochrome drive scheme is employed in case only the extreme states are of interest, and that a transition signal is employed when switching from the gray scale updating mode to the monochrome updating mode. Addressing from one extreme state to the other extreme state is obviously possible by means of either of the drive schemes, but is more rapidly provided for by the monochrome drive scheme.
A display featuring both grayscale and monochrome updating modes typically operates satisfactory in both the grayscale mode and the monochrome mode. However, it is realized that there might be problems concerning the switching from the grayscale mode to the monochrome mode. In particular, the switching typically results in a substantial build up of remnant DC voltages resulting in incorrect gray levels and image retention effects as discussed above. The build-up of remnant DC voltage is particularly problematic when frequently switching between the two drive schemes since the remnant DC is then integrated over time. For example, switching from black to white in the monochrome updating mode may take 300 ms whereas switching back to black in the grayscale updating mode might take 800 ms. Each such cycle thus gives a surplus of 500 ms drive voltage which is integrated in the display cell. Therefore, the drive unit according to the invention is operative to apply a separate transition drive signal when switching from the grayscale drive scheme to the monochrome drive scheme. The transition drive signal is selected so as to counteract the build-up of remnant DC in the pixel cell, which otherwise occurs when switching from the grayscale updating scheme to the monochrome updating scheme.
The transition drive signal can be implemented in many different ways. The common denominator is that special measures, that are not prescribed by the monochrome updating scheme as such, are taken when switching from the grayscale updating mode to the monochrome updating mode. One alternative way of interpreting this aspect is that the monochrome updating scheme is always initiated by a drive sequence that is not part of the scheme during continuous monochrome driving.
For example, according to one embodiment the transition drive signal drives the pixel repeatedly between the two extreme states so as to remove any remnant DC in the pixel cell before the monochrome drive scheme is initiated. Thereby any remnant drive history residing in the cell is effectively removed. However, straightforward implementation of this embodiment might result in visible image disturbances since the display is actually driven between the two extreme states causing a visible flicker in the display.
It is further realized that the remnant DC appearing in a pixel cell when switching from the grayscale updating mode to the monochrome updating mode is most notable in case the last image displayed in the grayscale mode was close to one extreme state and the first image displayed by the monochrome mode is the opposite extreme state (e.g. a transition from light gray or even white in the grayscale mode to black in the monochrome mode). This is due to the fact that the grayscale mode generally builds up a higher remnant voltage in the cell, which is acceptable during grayscale mode operation since the subsequent drive signal then typically adds on a correspondingly high remnant voltage with opposite polarity whereby the integral remnant DC is kept at an acceptable level. Therefore, according to one embodiment, the transition drive signal involves a drive signal corresponding to a signal in the grayscale drive scheme. In effect, this means that the grayscale updating mode is deliberately continued for one additional addressing cycle after having initiated the monochrome updating mode.
Still one alternative way of reducing the integral remnant voltage when switching from the grayscale updating mode to the monochrome updating mode is to employ an additional voltage pulse whose sole purpose is to reduce the integral remnant voltage. Thus, according to one embodiment the transition drive signal involves a short, low complexity drive signal corresponding to a signal in the monochrome drive scheme but modified with an additional remnant DC reducing voltage pulse.
According to one embodiment, the additional, remnant DC reducing voltage pulse is employed before said short, low complexity drive signal.
The electrophoretic display typically comprises a number of pixel cells which might be arranged in a matrix configuration as described above. The pixels are then preferably addressed in a consecutive manner. Such addressing can be performed according to an active addressing mode employing for example a thin film transistor (TFT) arrangement, or it can be performed according to a passive addressing scheme. Regardless of the scheme chosen, the addressing time for each pixel is typically restricted to a predefined time-span. According to some schemes, parts of the drive pulse for each pixel is actually common for all pixels. For example, in case shake pulses are employed these might be applied to all pixels at the same time. This circumstance facilitates more rapid updating but also makes it difficult to use different updating schemes for different pixels, and thus necessitates the use of standardized waveforms. Under these conditions, the present invention is particularly useful, since the grayscale drive scheme can be used in case any gray levels are requested for any one pixel whereas the more rapid monochrome drive scheme is employed in case only the extreme states are requested for all the pixels. This thus results in very rapid updating of monochrome images as well as in highly accurate updating of images involving grayscales. According to one embodiment, the display thus comprises a number of pixel cells that are addressable in image frames, and the grayscale drive scheme is employed for image frames that include at least one intermediate pixel state and the monochrome drive scheme is employed for image frames that include extreme states only. For some applications, it is advantageous to divide the display area into sub-frames, each sub-frame displaying a different type of information. For example, a square portion of the display area might show a picture whereas the rest of the display shows a black and white text. Alternatively, the display might be used as user-interface for a multiple-window computer program whereby the display is naturally divided in a number of sub-windows. In case monochrome information is displayed in one sub-window and information requiring grayscales is displayed in another sub-window, different drive schemes might of course be applied to the various sub-windows.
The drive signals might be derived in a computer unit, taking a more or less extensive drive history in consideration when deriving a suitable drive signal for a given situation. In case the present invention is applied to such a display the computer unit might have two different algorithms, one for the monochrome drive scheme and one for the grayscale drive scheme. However, this is a quite complicated solution resulting in expensive devices. According to one embodiment the drive schemes are therefore defined in a look-up-table. To this end the display further comprises a memory unit in which pre-defined drive signals corresponding to the respective drive schemes are stored accessible by the drive unit. Actually, the advantages of the present invention are even more evident using look-up-tables, since the selected drive scheme comprises binary information well suited for such tables. According to one embodiment, the memory unit is arranged with two look-up-table, one for each drive scheme. Alternatively the two drive schemes might be included in one single look-up-table.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for driving an electrophoretic display. The method according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying, non-restictive but examplifying drawings on which:
First, the fundamental principles of electrophoretic displays will be further described with reference to
The back and front side substrates 108, 109 are arranged parallel to each other and encapsulate an electrophoretic media 105. The substrates can for example be glass plates, and it is important for at least the front side substrate 109 to be transparent in order to display a visible image. Each pixel is defined by the overlapping areas of line electrodes and row electrodes 103, 104 arranged along respective substrates. For example, the line electrodes 104 might be arranged on the front side substrate 109 and the row electrodes 103 are in such case arranged along the backside substrate 109. Alternative arrangements using individual thin film transistors (TFT's) providing for active addressing of the display is obviously feasible as well. The electrodes are preferably formed out of ITO (Indium Tim Oxide), but other electrode materials are also possible. In the configuration shown in
The electrophoretic medium 105 provides each pixel 102 with an appearance, being one of a first and a second extreme appearances (states) and intermediate appearances (states) between the first and the second appearances. Depending on the color composition of the electrophoretic medium, the first extreme appearance might for example be black and the second appearance might be white. In such case the intermediate appearances are various degrees on a grayscale. However, the extreme appearances might alternatively be different, preferably opposing colors (e.g. blue and yellow, the intermediate appearance then being various different colors). For the purpose of the present invention, and for the sake of simplicity, such intermediate colors are also referred to as grayscales.
An example algorithm for the present invention, that can be employed in the drive unit 110 of the electrophoretic display 101, is schematically shown in
However, the faster monochrome updating mode 501 can be initialized again as soon as there are no need for grayscales. In such case a transition drive signal 504 is first applied, in accordance with the present invention, before picking drive signals from the monochrome updating mode 501.
In the following, a number of envisaged embodiments for the transition drive signal will be described.
A first method to enable the GU to MU transition is to ensure that the display is initialised before the MU image is written. Initialisation essentially removes all prior history in the display, for example by repeatedly switching the entire display between the two extreme states. This embodiment is actually described above with reference to
Whilst this approach will remove the problems of image retention, it will not solve the remnant DC problem described above. In order to reduce this problem, it is preferred to begin the initialisation sequence in such a way that the DC component is similar in both MU and GU mode. Such methods will be described in the following embodiments.
A second method to enable the GU to MU transition is to write the first monochrome image of the MU series using the GU waveform. This has the advantage that all gray pixels are made either black or white according to the well defined GU waveforms, and therefore no additional artefacts will be introduced. Of course, the image update time will be longer than in MU mode (but shorter than in GU as there will be no transitions from e.g. white to dark grey or black to light grey—these are generally the longest waveforms).
Once all pixels are in the black or white state, image update can proceed according to the shorter MU waveforms.
This embodiment is thus recognized in that swithing from the grayscale updating mode to the monochrome updating mode is always accompanied by the use of the grayscale drive signal that puts the pixel into either of its extreme states.
This approach will remove the problems of image retention and will reduce the DC balancing problem described above, as now at least the first image update is carried out in the GU mode.
A third method to enable the GU to MU transition is to incorporate additional voltage pulses to the MU waveforms of the first monochrome image of the MU series in order to remove the DC voltage induced in the final image of the GU sequence.
This can be achieved for example for the waveform shown in
Now, the voltage used to write in the dark grey pixel in the GU image is removed by the short voltage pulse prior to the normal MU waveform. This approach will remove the problems of image retention and will reduce the DC balancing problem described above using a drive waveform which is shorter than in embodiment 2.
In still a further embodiment, the additional voltage pulse could be applied as a separate, short drive waveform, situated prior to the application of the standard MU waveform. Whilst the operation will be identical to that described above (and in
It should be realised that the above description only serves to exemplify the present invention. It is readily appreciated that a vast number of alternative configurations are possible, based on the same principles and giving similar advantages. For example, the invention can be implemented in passive matrix as well as active matrix electrophoretic displays. Furthermore, the drive waveforms (i.e. the drive signals) can be pulse width modulated, voltage modulated, or pulse and width and voltage modulated. Also, the invention is applicable to color bi-stable displays and to single as well as multiple window displays, where, for example, a typewriter mode exists. The electrode structure is not limited to any particular design. Rather, the present invention is applicable to displays having any electrode configuration presently avaiable, or developed in the future, where different grayscale drive schemes and monochrome drive schemes are employed. Examples of electrode structures includes top/bottom electrode structures, a honeycomb structures, electrode structures for in-plane-switching and electrode structures for vertical switching of the electrophoretic media.
In essence, the present invention relates to electrophoretic displays that are switchable between a grayscale updating mode 502 and a monochrome updating mode 501. The monochrome updating mode 501 provides for extreme pixel states only (e.g. black and white), whereas the grayscale updating mode 501 provides for intermediate grayscale pixels states as well. According to the present invention, a suitably selected transition signal 504 is applied when switching from the grayscale updating mode 502 to the monochrome updating mode 501. The transition signal 504 involves a drive pulse that serves to reduce the level of remnant DC voltage otherwise occurring in each pixel due to differences in the grayscale updating mode 502 and the monochrome updating mode 501.
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Reference | ||
1 | EP Application No. 02077017.8-Specification. | |
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U.S. Classification | 345/107, 359/296, 345/690 |
International Classification | G09G5/10, G02B26/00, G09G5/34, G09G3/34, G09G5/02 |
Cooperative Classification | G09G3/344, G09G5/028, G09G2340/0428, G09G2310/0245, G09G2320/0204 |
European Classification | G09G5/02M, G09G3/34E2 |
Date | Code | Event | Description |
Aug 21, 2006 | AS | Assignment | Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N V, NETHERLANDS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JOHNSON, MARK THOMAS;ZHOU, GUOFU;VAN DE KAMER, JOHANNES PETRUS;REEL/FRAME:018151/0129;SIGNING DATES FROM 20051010 TO 20051011 Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N V, NETHERLANDS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:JOHNSON, MARK THOMAS;ZHOU, GUOFU;VAN DE KAMER, JOHANNES PETRUS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20051010 TO 20051011;REEL/FRAME:018151/0129 |
Jan 25, 2011 | AS | Assignment | Owner name: ADREA, LLC, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NORTH AMERICA CORPORATION;KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.;REEL/FRAME:025692/0899 Effective date: 20101111 |
Mar 21, 2014 | FPAY | Fee payment | Year of fee payment: 4 |


text:
E&J Classic Large GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG 22" Lying Plush Stuffed Animal Tongue Out
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&J Classic Major Large GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG Lying Plush measures approx. 22" in length nose to rump no noted flaws just light nose wear From smoke free home 109x We are new to Webstore but you can check us out on ebay as DREAMCHEST2. We have been a member since 1999 with a 100% feedback rating. We strive for your complete satisfaction. Please feel free to submit an offer as we will consider any reasonable offer. Also...PLEASE ASK for additional Pictures if you need them. FREE shipping in US International Buyers please Email us for Quote BEFORE Purchase...otherwise updated invoice will be sent with added reasonable USPS shipping costs! ATTENTION!! INTERNATIONAL BUYERS AND BIDDERS: Import duties, taxes and charges are not included in the item price or shipping charges. These charges are the buyers responsibility. Please check with your country's customs office to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding/buying. do not confuse them for additional shipping charges. We do not mark merchandise values below value or mark items as "gifts" - US and International government regulations prohibit such behavior. |
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