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Omron CQM1 Manual
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Brand: OMRON
Part Numbers: CQM1-PA206, CQM1PA206
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with the FALS(07) instruction, all outputs from Output Unit will be turned OFF and only the internal output status will be maintained.) When assembling the Units or mounting the end cover, be sure to lock them securely as shown in the following illustrations. If they are not properly locked, desired functionality may not be achieved. Be sure to mount the end cover to the rightmost Unit. Be sure that the connectors, terminal blocks, connection cables, and other items with locking devices are properly locked into place. Improper locking may result in malfunction. Be sure to confirm the orientation and polarities when connecting terminal blocks and connectors. Do not touch the back side of circuit boards or the components mounted to them with your bare hands. There are sharp leads and other parts on the boards that may cause injury if handled improperly. Provide sufficient clearances around the Unit and other devices to ensure proper heat dissipation. Do not cover the ventilation openings of the Unit. Do not allow metallic objects or conductive wires to enter the Unit. Set the operating settings of the Temperature Controller properly according to the system to be controlled. Allow at least 30 minutes after turning ON the Temperature Controller as warmup time. Do not use thinner to clean the product. Use commercially available cleaning alcohol.
PART I B7A Interface Unit
SECTION 1 Features and System Configuration
This section describes the general features, system configuration, and word allocation of the CQM1-B7A@@ Interface Units. 1-1 1-2 1-3 Features. System Configuration. Connecting Devices. 1-3-1 1-3-2 1-4 1-5 CPU. B7A Link Terminal. 7
Word Allocation. Bit Allocation.
Section 1-1
The CQM1-B7A@@ Interface Unit incorporates the B7A transmission operations for the CQM1H/CQM1 I/O Unit. The following five models of CQM1H/CQM1 B7A Interface Unit are available.
Model CQM1-B7A21 CQM1-B7A13 CQM1-B7A03 CQM1-B7A12 CQM1-B7ANo. of points Input Output 16
Each Unit can be connected to the same number of points on 16-point B7A Link Terminals as provided by the Unit. For example, two B7A Link Terminal Units with 16 input points each can be connected to a CQM1B7A13. The transmission delay time can be switched between STANDARD (19.2 ms rated) or RAPID (3 ms rated). The data processing when a transmission error occurs can be switched between HOLD (see note 1) and LOAD OFF (see note 2). The CPU treats the B7A Interface Units as the equivalent number of points. It can handle remote I/O equipment, such as switches and lamps, without recognizing communications. Note 1. HOLD: When an error occurs, the input bit status immediately prior to the error is held. 2. LOAD OFF: When an error occurs, all input bits turn off. The B7A Link Terminal is a terminal board that incorporates a communication function, connects to external I/O devices, and communicates with a PC over a single cable, thus reducing wiring effort. Differences Between CQM1-B7A01 and CQM1-B7A21 CQM1-B7A21 is an upgraded version of the CQM1-B7A01 and can replace the CQM1-B7A01. The features listed in the table below have been added to the CQM1-B7A21.
Note On delivery from the factory, pins 2 and 3 are set ON and all others OFF. !Caution Turn off the CQM1H/CQM1 power before setting the pins.
Transmission Delay Time Setting Sets the transmission delay time for the B7A Interface Unit.
Setting ON OFF Transmission Delay Time RAPID (3 ms) STANDARD (19.2 ms) (factory setting)
Set the transmission delay time to RAPID to enable transmission with highspeed B7A Link Terminals with a transmission delay time of 3 ms. Set the transmission delay time to STANDARD to enable transmission with standard B7A Link Terminals with a transmission delay time of 19.2 ms. Set the pin to match the transmission delay time of the type of B7A Link Terminal connected. A transmission error will occur if the setting does not match the transmission delay time of the B7A Link Terminal. The transmission delay time setting is made for the entire Unit. It is not possible to make separate settings for each word if multiple words are used. Transmission Error Processing Setting This setting determines whether the input bit status immediately prior to the error is held when a transmission error occurs (HOLD) or whether all input bits turn off (LOAD OFF).
Setting ON OFF Transmission error processing LOAD OFF HOLD (factory setting)
Input Mode Setting
Set the input mode (the use of bit 15) from the Input B7A Link Terminal to one of the modes shown in the table below. Match the pin setting to the Input B7A Link Terminal.
Setting ON Input mode 15-point input + 1 error (15IN+ERR) 16-point input (16IN) Description Bit 15 used as transmission error bit. The bits available for input are the 15 bits from 00 to 14. Bit 15 also used as a normal input bit. The bits available for input are the 16 bits from 00 to 15. (factory setting)
ERR Indicator Lighting Setting
Sets whether the ERR indicator lights when an input transmission error occurs.
Setting ON OFF Description ERR indicator lights (factory setting) ERR indicator does not light
To avoid indicator lighting unnecessarily, set pin OFF if the input side of the B7A Interface Unit is not used.
SECTION 3 Connections
This section describes the connections between the CQM1-B7A@@ Interface Units and B7A Link Terminals. 3-1 Connections to B7A Link Terminals. 3-1-1 3-1-2 3-2 Recommended Cables. Connecting Terminals. 20 22
Connections to B7A Link Terminals
Section 3-1
Recommended Cables
The B7A Interface Unit can be connected to the input and output B7A Link Terminals using the following cables.
Transmission terminal (Refer to 3-1 Transmission Cables) For connection of transmission cable to Expansion Master or Slave.
Terminal screws: M3 (Optimum tightening torque: 0.5 N m)
Name RDY IN 1CH Unit Ready IN Mode Color Green Orange Function Lit when power is on and if CQM1H/ CQM1 recognizes a Master. Lit while number of inputs set to 1 word (16 points). Not lit when set to 2 words (32 points). Lit while number of outputs set to 1 word (16 points). Not lit when set to 2 words (32 points). Lit while in transmission status with power on. Not lit while in transmission error. Lit while DIP switch set to HOLD (data held when a transmission error occurs). Flashes while searching for terminator or during transmission with power turned on. Lit when there is a transmission error. Not lit when there is an error in the Master. Lit when the power is turned on. Goes out when the terminator is found. Flashes when multiple terminators are present.
OUT Mode
Transmission Ready HOLD Setting Transmitting
Name Slave Setting Error Color Red
Function Lit when Slave set to #28 to #30. Flashes for other address setting error (refer to Appendix B Troubleshooting for details). Lit after error occurs with Slave output (G730-ROC04-A).
Slave Alarm
Note ALM Output: The Slave address and bit address cannot be checked after a failure occurs. It is not possible to differentiate between Open and Short modes. For more information about the G730 Remote Terminal, refer to the I/O Terminal Series Catalog (X044).
CQM1-G7N11 Input Master
Transmission terminal 1 (see page 44) For connection of transmission cable from Master or Expansion Master. Transmission terminal 2 (see page 44) For connection of transmission cable to next Expansion Master or Slave.
Name RDY IN 1CH Unit Ready IN Mode Color Green Orange Function Lit when power is on and if CQM1H/ CQM1 recognizes a Master. Lit while number of inputs set to 1 word (16 points). Not lit when set to 2 words (32 points). Lit when Unit 2 set. Not lit when Unit 1 set. Flashes during transmission with power turned on. Lit when there is a transmission error. Not lit when there is an error in the Expansion Master.
Communications Performance Specifications
Item Communications method Synchronization method Transmission path Interface Transmission speed Transmission distance Two-wire, semi-duplex Start-stop 2-core cable (VCTF 0.75 X 2 C is recommended) RS-485 187.5 kbps 200 m max (total per system) Specification
Performance Specifications - Master
Item I/O points Specification Input: 2 words (32 points)/1 word (16 points) Output: 2 words (32 points)/1 word (16 points) Set with DIP switch. Transmission Ready output: G6D, SPST-NO, 24 VDC/2 A max. ALM output 250 mA at 5 VDC 250 g max. 32 (W) x 110 (H) x 107 (D) mm
External output Internal current consumption Weight Dimensions
Performance Specifications - Input Expansion Master
Item I/O points Specification Input: 2 words (32 points)/1 word (16 points) Output: 2 words (32 points)/1 word (16 points) Set with DIP switch. 80 mA at 5 VDC 200 g max. 32 (W) x 110 (H) x 107 (D) mm
Internal current consumption Weight Dimensions
Performance Specifications - Output Expansion Master
Common for Master and Expansion Master.
Unit: mm
Appendix B
Troubleshooting Indicator Status During Normal Operation
: Lit, : Flashing, X: Not lit
Expansion Master
All T/R indicators flash.
Any other indicator display indicates an error. Refer to the table below.
Indicator Alarm Table
The table below shows the description and remedy of an error occurring in the G730 Interface Unit. : Lit, : Flashing, X: Not lit, : Status not relevant.
Errors before or after normal operation
Power not turned on.
Turn the power on.
Units not completely connected. Refer to unit manual and correct End cover not attached. set up. X X X X X X X Abnormal Master. Turn power off and back on. Replace Master if same error reoccurs. Set Slave address between #0 and #27. Set the Slave connected at the end as the terminator. Only one terminator allowed per system. Wire separate systems with one Master each. Do not mix Master (G7M21) with different types of communications Master. Correctly wire the transmission path.
Errors before normal operation
Slave address set between #28 and #30. No terminator set. Multiple terminators exists in a system. Different types of communications Master exist. Transmission path shorted. Transmission path discontinuity. Transmission path + and wiring reversed. Expansion Masters exist with the same input/output type and duplicate unit #. Expansion Masters exist with the same input/output type and duplicate system address. The Slave set as terminator is not turned on. The terminator is set to Slave address #31.
Remote I/O Master CQM1-LK501 I/O LInk Unit
+ + Other Slave
+ + Terminator setting
1. Connect the terminals with crimp-style terminals and M3 terminal screws that are also used for CQM1H/CQM1 I/O Units. 2. Terminals B0 and B2 are short-circuited internally. Terminals B1 and B3 are also short-circuited internally. 3. Be sure to turn all the Slaves on before turning on the Master. Any Slave turned on after the Master is turned on will not be recognized by the Master.
4. To satisfy the EC directives (low-voltage directives), provide reinforced insulation or double insulation for the power supply when RUN OUTPUT is used.
The standard specifications of the CQM1-LK501 I/O Link Unit conform to those of the CQM1H/CQM1 PC.
SYSMAC BUS Standard Specifications
Item Transmission method Communication method Transmission path Interface Transmission speed Transmission distance Specification Time-division multiplex cyclic Two-wire semi-duplex 2-core cable (VCTF 0.75 x 2 C is recommended) RS-485 187.5k bps 200 m max.
Item Name Model Current consumption I/O delay I/O points External output Diagnostic function I/O Link Unit CQM1-LKmA at 5 VDC 8 ms/64 points 64 points (32 input points and 32 output points) Operating output: G6D, SPST-NO, 2 A max. Transmission error check (BCC + inverted double transmission collation) CPU error monitor Transmission path error check 220 g max. 32 x 110 x 107 (W x H x D) Specification
These dimensions are the same for all G730 Interface Unit models.
PART IV Analog Input Unit and Analog Power Supply Units
This section provides the features and system configuration relating to the Analog Input Unit and Analog Power Supply Units. 1-1 Features. 1-1-1 1-1-2 1-2 1-3 Analog Input Unit. Analog Power Supply Units. 84 84
System Configuration. Connecting Devices. 1-3-1 1-3-2 CPU. Analog Power Supply Units. Total Number of I/O Words. Total Current Consumption.
System Construction. 1-4-1 1-4-2
Analog Input Unit
Analog Power Supply Unit
The CQM1-AD041 is a SYSMAC CQM1H/CQM1-series Analog Input Unit that converts analog signals into digital signals. A single Analog Input Unit converts 4-point analog input into 12-bit digital output. It is possible to reduce the number of input words that the Analog Input Unit occupies by limiting the number of the Analog Input Units input points to a maximum of two. Refer to page 87 DIP Switch Functions for details. Converted data is stored in the input word allocated to the Analog Input Unit. The converted data is used by just reading the contents of the input word. Refer to 3-2-1 Word Allocation for details. The Analog Input Unit has input signal voltage ranges of 10 to 10 V, 0 to 10 V, and 1 to 5V, any of which can be combined freely with the CQM1AD041s input signal current range of 4 to 20 mA. The Analog Input Unit incorporates a mean value processing function so that it outputs stable conversion data. The Analog Input Unit incorporates a broken wire detecting function, with which the Analog Input Unit detects the disconnection of any input wire that has been connected to the Analog Input Unit given the input range is 4 to 20 mA or 1 to 5 V.
The CQM1-SEN01 is a four-point input unit that occupies one input word. All bits, other than input bits, will not be used as work bits. It is recommended that the CQM1-SEN01 be mounted to the left of the CQM1-OC@@@ Relay Contact Output Unit but not next to the CQM1OC@@@ Relay Contact Output Unit, otherwise the sensor modules mounted to the CQM1-SEN01 will be influenced by noise that may be generated from the CQM1-OC@@@ Relay Contact Output Unit at the time of load switching. The following illustration shows a CQM1H/CQM1 system configuration that includes the CQM1-SEN01.
CQM1-SEN01 Sensor Unit CQM1H/CQM1 A variety of sensor modules (four units max.) CQM1-TU001 Remote Console
CPU Models
The Sensor Unit can be mounted to the following CPUs.
Remote Console
Use the mode setting selector of the dedicated CQM1-TU001 Remote Console for the CQM1-SEN01 to set sensor modules mounted to the CQM1SEN01 to operation monitor mode or teaching mode.
Sensor Modules
The following dedicated sensor modules can be mounted to the CQM1SEN01.
Name Optical Fiber Photoelectric Module Photoelectric Module Proximity Sensor Module Dummy Module Model E3X-MA11 E3C-MA11 E2C-MA11 E39-M11
Note Mount the E39-M11 Dummy Module to any unused slot of the CQM1-SEN01 for dust prevention.
Applicable Sensors
The following sensors can be used with the E3X-MA11 Optical Fiber Photoelectric Module.
Sensing method Thru-beam Side view thru-beam Heat-resistive thru-beam Screen thru-beam Reflective Side view reflective Heat-resistive reflective Retroreflective Model E32-T11L, E32-TC200, and E32-T11 E32-T14L E32-T51 E32-T16 E32-D11L, E32-DC200, and E32-D11 E32-D14L E32-D51 E32-R21
Note The E3X-MA11 can be used with a variety of sensors in addition to those listed above. The E3X-MA11, however, cannot be used with the E32-DC9G, E32-DC9G4, E32-D61, or E32-D73.
The following sensors can be used with the E3C-MA11 Photoelectric Module.
Sensing method Thru-beam Diffuse reflective Convergent reflective Mark detection reflective Model E3C-S10, E3C-1, and E3C-2 E3C-DS5W, E3C-DS10 E3C-LS3R E3C-VS1G, E3C-VS3R, E3C-VM35R, and E3C-VS7R
The following sensors can be used with the E2C-MA11 Proximity Sensor Module.
The CQM1H/CQM1 treats the CQM1-SEN01 as a four-point Input Unit. Inputs are allocated from word 000 including the built-in input bits of the CPU of the CQM1H/CQM1. The following is an example of word allocation. The CQM1-SEN01 occupies one input word. Any bits without a sensor module cannot be used as work bits. Any bits connected to a dummy module is always OFF.
Model A E2C-CR5B E2C-CR8@ E2C-X1A E2C-C1A E2C-X1R5A 20
Distance (mm) B 15
Mount the E3C-MA11 securely to the Sensor Unit so that the fiber sensor connector side is on the left and the indicator side is on the right. Dismounting A pulling tool is provided with the Sensor Unit. To dismount the E3C-MA11 from the Sensor Unit, hook the pulling tool onto the square hole on the right side of the E3C-MA11 and pull out the E3C-MA11 carefully.
Pulling tool
Note Be sure to turn off the CQM1-SEN001 before mounting or dismounting sensor modules.
Connection of CQM1-TU001 Remote Console
Remove the cover of the Unit and insert the console plug into the console connector of the Unit so that the polarity of the console plug and the console connector will match. The console connector does not incorporate a lock mechanism. To disconnect the console plug, hold the console plug and pull it straight out. It is not possible to mount the cover to the Unit if the console plug is connected to the console connector. The console plug can be disconnected from the console connector even if the Unit is turned on. Do not, however, disconnect the console plug while the sensitivity of the Unit is being adjusted.
Connection of a Variety of Sensors
Set the fiber lock lever of the E3X-MA11 to FREE before inserting an optical fiber cable to a fiber insertion mouth of the E3X-MA11 as shown in the following illustration.
Connecting Fibers
After inserting two optical fiber cables from the Fiber Units to the fiber insertion mouths of the E3X-MA11, set the fiber lock lever to LOCK to secure the optical fiber cables.
Insertion mark
Insert the optical fiber cables into the E3X-MA11 before mounting the E3XMA11 to the Sensor Unit. Note If the tips of the two optical fiber cables are not inserted into the E3X-MA11 to the insertion marks, the sensing distance may be reduced. Disconnecting Fibers To disconnect the optical fiber cables from the E3X-MA11, hold and pull out the optical fiber cables carefully. Before disconnecting the optical fiber cables from the E3X-MA11, be sure to set the fiber lock lever to FREE.
Section 3-4
Note If the optical fiber cables are disconnected without setting the fiber lock lever to FREE, the optical fiber cables may break and the E3X-MA11 may malfunction due to fragments of broken optical fiber cables. Cutting Fiber Insert a 2.2-mm-dia. fiber into an E39-F4 Fiber Cutter and determine the length of the fiber to be cut. Press down the Fiber Cutter in a single stroke to cut the fiber. When the fiber is cut, insertion marks are inscribed on the fiber. The portion from the tip up to the insertion marks should be inserted into the E3XMA11.
12.6 Insertion mark
2.2 dia.
To correctly inscribe the insertion mark, place the length of the fiber into the Fiber Cutter in direction 1 as illustrated below, and press down firmly in direction 2.
Voltage Monitor Output
The CQM1-LSE02 has a voltage monitor output function. Scaled conversion data monitor mode or set data D/A output mode can be selected. The Unit refreshes its monitor output at 0.5-s intervals.
Scaled Conversion Data Monitor Mode
In this mode, it is possible to output voltage corresponding to the scaled conversion data.
Section 2-6
Example of Scaling into the Data between 0000 to 5000 for the Input between 4 to 20 mA When the input is 12 mA, the scaled conversion data becomes 2500 and the output voltage that corresponds to this value becomes 2.5 V.
Output voltage (V)
Scaled conversion data 9.999 5000
2500 2.Input value (mA) Scaled conversion data (decimal)
Set Data D/A Output Mode
In this mode, the monitor output terminal of the CQM1-LSE02 will have voltage output corresponding to the signed binary data stored in the output word of the CQM1-LSE02 by easy use of the ladder program. The signed binary data range of the CQM1-LSE02 is from 9999 (D8F1) to 9999 (270F) and the voltage output range of the CQM1-LSE02 corresponding to the signed binary data range is from 9.999 to 9.999 V. If the signed binary data out of the range is stored in the output word, either 9.999 or 9.999 V will be output. For example, if the signed binary data D8F0 (10000 in BCD) is written, the voltage of the monitor output will be 9.999 V.
Note In case of using the Unit in the set data D/A output mode, when obtaining the value to be set to the output word through calculation using the ladder program, etc., be careful not to use the computed result of C000 to CFFF. Even when the Unit is used in the set data D/A output mode, if C000 to CFFF is set to the output word, it is treated as a command. In this mode, analog input is converted into digital data and then converted into analog output. Therefore, the obtained analog output is not highly precise.
SECTION 3 Nomenclature and Functions
This section provides the nomenclature, and terminal and indicator functions of the Linear Sensor Interface Unit. 3-1 3-2 Nomenclature. Terminals. 192 193
Name RDY ERR Color Green Red Function Lit when the Linear Sensor Interface Unit is ready for use. Lit when an internal error, such as IC malfunctioning, occurs. Lit when 1- to 5-V or 4- to 20-mA input to the Unit is disconnected. This indicator cannot be used to detect the disconnection of 9.999- or 5-V input. Lit when TIMING or GATE input to the Unit is ON. Lit when the forced zero function is effective.
BROKEN-WIRE Red
2. Set the command code C400 for the X1 value. To input the letter C with the Programming Console, press the Shift and 2 Keys. The input word will be set to the response C400.
3. Set 0400 to the output word. 4. When the Unit correctly receives the command, the input word will be set to 0400.
5. Input the command code C410 for the X2 value. The input word will be set to the response C410.
6. Set 2000 to the output word. 7. When the Unit correctly receives the command, the input word will be set to 2000.
8. Set 0000 for the Y1 value and 1000 for the Y2 value using the above method.
Section 5-5
9. After setting all the scaling values, reset 0000 to the output word. After the scaling operation, 0534 will be set to the input word.
The comparison function is effective only when the timing hold in operation mode A is set to normal. The setting methods of the set values and hysteresis to compare the present scaled conversion data and the set values are explained below. The preset set values and hysteresis are effective only when the Unit is set to comparison mode. The hysteresis is, however, available only if the timing hold is set to normal. Use the operation mode A set command to change the timing hold. Refer to 6-2 Set Value Teaching for the method to obtain the set values from the teaching operation.
Set the LL, L, H, and HH set values so that these set values are within a range from 9999 to 9999. The following are the factory-set set values. LL and L: H and HH: 9999 9999
Therefore, if the Unit is operated with the factory-set set values, the PASS bit of the input word will be always ON. Set the hysteresis to a value between 0001 and 0999 for the LL, L, H, and HH set values. The factory-set value of the hysteresis is 0001. Command The set value set command consists of a command code and parameter. The following command codes are used for the LL, L, H, and HH set values. LL Set Value: L Set Value: H Set Value: C70@ C71@ C72@
HH Set Value: C73@ Each of the above set values has the suffix @, which should be replaced with 0 if the value is positive and F if the value is negative when they are input. The parameter range of each of the above set values is 0000 to 9999. The hysteresis set command consists of the command code CA00 and parameter. Set the hysteresis value to the parameter. Refer to pages 224 to 226 for the details of the set value command. Setting Example Set the L set values to 0000 and the H set values to 2000 with the hysteresis set to 0010. Each Comparison Result Flag is turned ON when the scaled conversion data is as follows. L 0000, PASS = 0001 to 1999, H 2000 Operation 1,2,3. 1. The input word reads 1254, which is the present scaled conversion data, and the output word reads 0000.
2. Input the set value set command code C710 for the L set value. To input the letter C with the Programming Console, press the Shift and 2 Keys. The input word will be set to the response C710.
3. Set 0000 to the output word. 4. When the Unit correctly receives the command, the input word will be set to 0000.
5. Input the set value set command code C720 for the H set value. The input word will be set to the response C720.
8. Input the hysteresis set command code CA00. The input word will be set to the response CA00.
9. Set 0010 to the output word. 10. When the Unit correctly receives the command, the input word will be set to 0010.
11. After setting all the set values, set the output word to 0000 again. The scaled conversion data 1254 will be set to the input word.
Section 5-6
The input word data is used to monitor the present scaled conversion data or comparison result. To monitor the present scaled conversion data or comparison result by using a ladder program, set the mode select switch on the Programming Console to the OPERATION MODE and then retrieve the input word data.
Measurement Mode
The input word in measurement mode will be a binary-coded scaled conversion data. For example, when the factory-set scaling values are used, the input word will be set to 270F for +9999 and D8F1 (2s complement) for 9999. If the scaled conversion data falls beyond the 9999 range or if the input value falls in the overrange zone, B000 (overflow) will be set to the input word. If the present scaled conversion data is indefinite, BBBB will be set to the input word.
Signed Set Value Read Commands
Scaling Value Read Set Value Read Hysteresis Read
Command Output word Command code (2) Sign of set value (2) Sign of set value (3)
Set value
1. Set the command code to the output word. The Unit will check the command code. If the command code is correct, the sign for a set value will be set to the input word corresponding to the command as the response for the command. If the command code is incorrect, an error code will be set to the input word. The set value will be set to the input word approximately 0.5 s after the sign is set to the input word. The sign and set value will be set to the input word alternately at approximately 0.5-s intervals.
List of Commands
Section 7-2
2. After confirming that the sign and the set value that the input word is set to is correct, set 0000 to the output word. 3. The scaled conversion data or comparison result will stored in the input word. Note The Linear Sensor Interface Unit acknowledges the start or end of a command through a change in the output word value. When 0000 is set to the parameter by the setting command, for example, even if 0000 is set at the end of the command, the command doesnt end because there is no change in the output word value, not allowing scaled conversion data or comparison result to be set in the input word. To end the command, set a value other than the one set to the parameter. However, that the value will be reflected on the monitor output if the Unit is used in the set data D/A output mode. Therefore, when using the Unit in the set data D/A output mode, be sure to select a value which will not affect peripheral devices.
The following commands can be used to set the initial parameters through the Programming Console.
Command Command code C000 C100 C200 C300 C4** C5*0 C6*0 C7** C8*0 C9*0 CA00 CB00 CC00 Meaning Used to set operation mode A. Used to read the settings of operation mode A. Used to set operation mode B. Used to read the settings of operation mode B. Used to set a scaling value. Used to execute scaling value teaching. Used to read a scaling value. Used to set a set value. Used to execute the set value teaching. Used to read a set value. Used to set hysteresis. Used to read the hysteresis. Used to read the present scaled conversion data. Reference page 227
Setting 0.0 Operation Heater burnouts will not be detected. The heater burnout alarm output will turn OFF. This setting is used to reset an alarm. The detection level for heater burnout alarms. Heater burnouts will not be detected. The heater burnout alarm output will turn ON regardless of RUN/STOP status. This setting can be used to check wiring.
0.1 to 49.9 50.0
Heater Current If the heater current reaches 55.0 A or higher, a CT input error will occur and E500 will be output if the heater current is being monitored. The current at which a heater burnout will be detected is calculated as follows: Set value = (Normal current + current after burnout)/2 The following condition must be met: Normal current current after burnout 2.5 A
Measurements will not be stable if the difference is less than 2.5 A. If the difference is less than 2.5 A, wrap the wire around the CT two or three times to increase the measured current. The heater current monitor function can be used to measure the currents. Actual values can vary from calculated values.
Input Shift Value
An input shift value can be set to offset the indicated value from the actual measured value. For example, if the input shift value is set to 3.0 C and the actual measured temperature is 50 C, the monitored temperature will be 53 C. If the input shift value is set too large, a sensor error can occur near the upper and lower limits of the temperature range even though the measure temperature is still within range.
Autotuning (AT)
PID calculations using the limit cycle method are performed when autotuning is executed. Parameters cannot be written for loops that are currently being autotuned.
Hunting cycle Calculated PID control
Amplitude Set point
AT executed for ON/OFF control
AT completed (amplitude and hunting cycle measurements completed)
The limit cycle method causes hunting using ON/OFF control near the set point to measure the hunting cycle and amplitude and uses the results to make calculations for PID control. Be sure to change the START AT command in the output word after the START AT command has been sent and received. If the START AT command is left set in the output word, autotuning will be executed again as soon as it is completed.
CQM1-TC201 (4 loops, NPN outputs) CQM1-TC202 (4 loops, PNP outputs) CQM1-TC203 (2 loops, heater burnout alarm NPN outputs) CQM1-TC204 (2 loops, heater burnout alarm PNP outputs)
Loop 1 Loop 2 Cold junction compensator Loop 4 Output 2 Output 4
Loop 1 Loop 2 Cold junction compensator Loop 4
Loop 2 Cold junction compensator
Loop 1
Loop 3 Output 1 Output 3
Loop 3 Output 1 Output 3 Output 2 Output 1 Output 1 Output 2
Output 2 Output 4
Proportional band
Integral time Derivative time Hysteresis Control cycle Input shift value
s s C/F s C
Platinum resisFC19 to 270F tance thermome- (9.99 to 99.99) ters in 0.01 ranges FC19 to 270F (99.9 to 999.9) 0000 to 01F4 (0.0 to 50.0) 0000 to 03E8 (0.0 to 100.0) Depends on input type. 0000 to 03E8 (0.0 to 100.0) 0000 to 0226 (0.0 to 55.0) F500 (55.0 min.)
Others (See note 4.) Heater burnout alarm setting (See note 5.) Manual manipulated variable Process value Manipulated variable (See note 6.) Heater current
0000 (0.00) 0000 (0.0) See note 7. -------
F999 to 9999 (99.9 to 999.9) 0000 to 0500 (0.0 to 50.0) 0000 to 1000 (0.0 to 100.0) Depends on input type. 0000 to 1000 (0.0 to 100.0) 0000 to 0550 (0.0 to 55.0) E500 (55.0 min.)
C/F A % C/F % A Stored in RAM
1. A setting error will be indicated by outputting EE01 to the input word if any values other than those listed above are specified. The setting will be invalid. 2. Automatically written to EEPROM when the parameter setting is changed. 3. Set up the system to ensure that EEPROM is not written to more than 100,000 times. 4. The decimal point will be adjusted if the range is changed to another range with a different number of decimal places. Adjust the setting as necessary after changing ranges. (Example: If a 0.01 C range is changed to a 0.1 C
range and the input shift value was 0.05 C, the setting would be changed to 0.5 5. Heater burnout detection will not be performed if the alarm setting is 0.0 or 50 A. The heater burnout alarm output will turn OFF if the setting is changed to 0.0 A and will turn ON if the setting is changed to 50 A. 6. The current manipulated variable will be monitored. 7. The initial manual manipulated variable will be set to maintain the output level before Manual Mode was entered. 8. Always check the Write Completed Flag to be sure that the write to EEPROM has been completed when setting a parameter that is stored in EEPROM. A minimum of 60 ms is required to complete writing to EEPROM. If a power interruption or other problem prevents confirming the write operation, reset the value after power is restored or the problem corrected.
Status Data
Units with Four Loops
Loop number Control output 0: OFF 1: ON Autotuning 0: Normal 1: Autotuning Sensor error 0: Normal 1: Error 0: RUN 1: STOP
RUN/STOP status of specified loop
Manual/auto status of specified loop
0: Auto 1: Manual
Units with Two Loops and Heater Burnout alarms
Loop number Control output Autotuning 0: OFF 1: ON 0: Normal 1: Autotuning Sensor error 0: Normal 1: Error
Heater burnout alarm output CT input error 0: OFF 0: Normal 1: ON 1: Error RUN/STOP status of specified loop 0: RUN 1: STOP
Safety Relay Unit (PLC I/O Unit Type)
A Safety Relay Unit That Functions as a PLC I/O Unit. Less Installation Space and Wiring Required.
Safety Relay Unit that can be used as an I/O Unit for OMRONs CQM1H and CS1-series PLCs. Requires less installation space and wiring. Monitors power supply, output, and internal relays for safety circuits. Equipped with four general-purpose input terminals. Conforms to EN standards. (TV certification)
Be sure to read the Safety Precautions on page 8.
Model Number Structure
Model Number Legend:
CQM1: CQM1 I/O Unit Type
CS1W: CS1 I/O Unit Type 1. Function SF:PLC I/O Unit Type Emergency-stop Unit 2. Contact Configuration (Safety Output) 2: DPST-NO 3. Contact Configuration (OFF-delay Output) 0: None 4. Contact Configuration (Auxiliary Output) 0: None
Ordering Information
PLC I/O Unit Type Emergency-stop Unit
Main contact DPST-NO Rated voltage 24 VDC Auxiliary contact None Number of input channels 1 channel or 2 channels possible Number of generalpurpose inputs 4 inputs Model CQM1-SF200 CS1W-SF200
Ratings (Safety Circuit Block)
Power Input
Item Model CQM1-SFVDC 85% to 110% of rated power supply voltage 24 VDC: 1.7 W max. CS1W-SF200 Power supply voltage Operating voltage range Power consumption
Item Input current Model CQM1-SFmA max. CS1W-SF200
Model Item Rated load Rated carry current Load CQM1-SF200, CS1W-SF200 Resistive load 250 VAC, 5 A 30 VDC, 5 A 5A Inductive load 15 VAC: 240 VAC, 2 A (cos=0.3) 13 VDC: 24 VDC, 1 A (L/R=48 ms) 5A
Ratings (General-purpose Input Block)
Item Model CQM1-SFVDC 85% to 110% of rated power supply voltage 4.0 k 6 mA (typical) at 24 VDC 3.3 k 7 mA (typical) at 24 VDC CS1W-SF200 Power supply voltage Operating voltage range Input impedance Input current Must-operate voltage/current Reset voltage/ current ON/OFF response time Number of circuits Simultaneous ON points Internal current consumption 50 mA max.
14.4 VDC min./3 mA min. 5 VDC max./1 mA max. 8 ms max. (Settable in the range 1 to 128 ms in the PLC Setup.) 8 ms max. (Settable in the range 0 to 32 ms in the PLC Setup.)
4 inputs, 1 common All points 100 mA max.
Item Contact resistance *1 Operating time *2 Response time *3 Insulation resistance *4 Model CQM1-SFm max. 300 ms max. 10 ms max. Between safety circuits and safety output: 20 M min. (at 500 VDC) Between general-purpose inputs and safety output: 20 M min. (at 500 VDC) Between different poles of safety output: 20 M min. (at 500 VDC) Between safety circuits and general-purpose inputs: 20 M min. (at 500 VDC) Between safety circuits and safety output: 2,500 VAC, 50/60 Hz for 1 min Between general-purpose inputs and safety output: 2,500 VAC, 50/60 Hz for 1 min Between different poles of safety output: 2,500 VAC, 50/60 Hz for 1 min Between safety circuits and general-purpose inputs: 500 VAC, 50/60 Hz for 1 min 10 to 57 Hz at 0.075-mm single amplitude, 57 to 150 Hz at 9.8 m/s2 for 80 minutes each in X, Y, and Z directions (sweep time 8 minutes 10 = 80 minutes) Conforms to JIS C0040. 147 m/s2, 3 times each in X, Y, and Z directions, Conforms to JIS C0041. Mechanical Electrical 10 to 57 Hz at 0.075-mm single amplitude, 57 to 150 Hz at 9.8 m/s2 for 80 minutes each in X, Y, and Z directions (sweep time 8 minutes 10 = 80 minutes) (when mounted on DIN track: 2 to 55 Hz, 2.94 m/s2 for 20 minutes each in X, Y, and Z directions) Conforms to JIS C0040. 147 m/s2, 3 times each in X, Y, and Z directions, Conforms to JIS C0041. CS1W-SF200
Dielectric strength *4
Vibration resistance *4
Shock resistance *4 Durability Failure rate (P level) (reference value) Ambient operating temperature *4 Ambient operating humidity *4 Ambient operating environment *4 Ambient storage temperature *4 Structure Weight
5,000,000 operations min. (at approx. 7,200 operations/h) 100,000 operations min. (at approx. 1,800 operations/h) 5 VDC, 1 mA 0 to 55C 10% to 90% (with no condensation) No corrosive gases 20 to 75C Built into panel Approx. 260 g Approx. 300 g
*1. The contact resistance was measured with 1 A at 5 VDC using the voltage-drop method. *2. Not including bounce time. *3. The response time is the time it takes for the main contact to turn OFF after the input is turned OFF. Includes bounce time. *4. Measured with the Unit mounted to the PLC.
Terminal Arrangement
Internal Connections
4.0 k (3.3 k) *2
General-purpose input block
820 *2 (470)
Input indicator
*1. The NC terminals are incorporated in the CS1W-SF200 only. *2. Values in parentheses are for the CS1W-SF200.
Internal circuit
Safety circuit block
Indicator Color Green RDY (CQM1-SF200 only) Indicator status Lit Operating status Normal Meaning The Unit is recognized by the CQM1H or CQM1 PLC after power is turned ON. Power has not been supplied to the CQM1 PLC. The Unit is waiting for initialization. The Unit is being reset. Power is supplied to the safety block. Power is not supplied to the safety block. The K1 and K2 relays are ON. The K1 and K2 relays are OFF. General-purpose inputs are ON. General-purpose inputs are OFF.
Not lit Lit Not lit Lit Not lit Lit Not lit
No power supply The safety block is turned ON. The safety block is not turned ON. The K1 and K2 relays are ON. The K1 and K2 relays are OFF. Input signals are ON. Input signals are OFF.
PWR K1 and K2 4, 5, 6, 7
Green Orange Orange
(Unit: mm)
DC24V 6mA SF200
Application Examples
Two Channels of Emergency Stop Switch Input/Manual Reset (Common to CQM1-SF200 and CS1W-SF200)
PLC input
PLC output
Output Unit
Timing Chart
Emergency stop switch S1 Reset switch S2 K3 (NC) K3 (NO) K1 and K2 (NC) K1 and K2 (NO) KM1 and KM2 (NC) KM1 and KM2 (NO) PLC input PLC output KM3
S1: S2: KM1 and KM2: KM3: M:
Emergency stop switch Reset switch (momentary operation switch) Magnetic Contactor G3J Solid-state Contactor 3-phase motor
Note: This circuit conforms to category 4.
CPU Unit
Two Channels of Limit Switch Input/Manual Reset (Common to CQM1-SF200 and CS1W-SF200)
Limit switches S1 and S2 Reset switch S3 K3 (NC) K3 (NO) K1 and K2 (NC) K1 and K2 (NO) KM1 and KM2 (NC) KM1 and KM2 (NO)
Limit switch (NO) Safety Limit switch with direct opening mechanism (NC) (D4B-N, D4N, D4F) S3: Reset switch (momentary operation switch) KM1 and KM2: Magnetic Contactor KM3: G3J Solid-state Contactor M3: 3-phase motor Note: This circuit conforms to category 4.
PLC input PLC output KM3
Two Channels of Limit Switch Input with Auto-reset (Common to CQM1-SF200 and CS1W-SF200)
Limit switches S1 and S2 (NC) Limit switches S1 and S2 (NO) K3 (NC) K3 (NO) K1 and K2 (NC) K1 and K2 (NO) KM1 and KM2 (NC) KM1 and KM2 (NO) PLC input PLC output KM3
Limit switch (NO) Safety Limit switch with direct opening mechanism (D4B-N, D4N, D4F) KM1 and KM2: Magnetic Contactor KM3: G3J Solid-state Contactor M3: 3-phase motor Note: This circuit conforms to category 4.
Safety Precautions
Refer to the Precautions for All Relays and Precautions for All Relays with Forcibly Guided Contacts. Refer to the CQM1H Catalog (Cat. No. P050) and the CS1-series PLC Catalog (Cat. No. P047) for common performance specifications and precautions.
Turn OFF the CQM1-SF200 or CS1W-SF2000 before wiring the Unit. Do not touch the terminals of the Unit while the power is turned ON, because the terminals are charged and may cause an electric shock.
Addresses are allocated to Basic I/O Units according to the order in which they are mounted on the CPU Block. Addresses (bits) are allocated in word (16-bit) units starting from the left (the position farthest from the CPU Unit) beginning with word 0000. Note: The 1 to 16-point Units are allocated 16 bits and 17 to 32-point Units are allocated 32 bits. For example, 8-point DC Input Units are allocated bits 00 to 15. CS1W-SF200 is allocated 16 points.
Number of slots: 2, 3, 5, 8, or 10
Precautions for Correct Use Wiring
Use the following to wire the Unit. Stranded wire: 0.75 to 1.5 mm2 Solid wire: 1.0 to 1.5 mm2 Tighten each screw to a torque of 0.78 to 1.18 Nm, or the Unit may malfunction or generate heat. External inputs connected to T11 and T12, or T21 and T22 of the Relay unit must be no-voltage contact inputs.
0000 CH CPU Unit Power Supply Unit
Durability of Contact Outputs
Relay with Forcibly Guided Contact durability depends greatly on the switching condition. Confirm the actual conditions of operation in which the Relay will be used in order to make sure the permissible number of switching operations. When the accumulated number of operation exceeds its permissible range, it can cause failure of reset of safety control circuit. In such case, please replace the Relay immediately. If the Relay is used continuously without replacing, then it can lead to loss of safety function.
8 Safety 8 input Relay input output output points Unit points points points CPU Unit 0002 to to 0008 Power Supply Unit
Slot 1 Slot 0 8-point DC Input Unit Safety Relay Unit
Address Allocations
Addresses are allocated to Basic I/O Units according to the order in which they are mounted in the CPU Block. Addresses (bits) are allocated in word (16-bit) units starting from the left (the position nearest to the CPU Unit) beginning with word 0000. Note: The 1 to 16-point Units are allocated 16 bits and 17 to 32-point Units are allocated 32 bits. For example, 8-point DC Input Units are allocated bits 00 to 07. CQM1-SF200 is allocated 16 points.
Address (bit)
000006 000007
Safety circuit output status monitor Safety circuit power supply status monitor K1 relay operating status monitor K2 relay operating status monitor General-purpose input General-purpose input General-purpose input General-purpose input
Applicable Safety Category (EN954-1)
CQM1-SF200, CS1W-SF200 meet the requirements of Safety Category 4 of the EN954-1 standards when it is used as shown in the examples provided by OMRON. The Relays may not meet the standards in some operating conditions. The applicable safety category is determined from the whole safety control system. Make sure that the whole safety control system meets EN954-1 requirements.
Supply CPU Unit
Certified Standards
The CQM1-SF200 and CS1W-SF200 conform to the following standards. EN standards, certified by TV Product Service EN954-1 EN60204-1 Conformance to EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility), certified by TV Product Service: EMI (Emission): EN55011 Group 1 Class A EMS (Immunity): EN61000-6-2 UL standards: UL508 (Industrial Control Equipment) CSA standards: CSA C22.2 No. 14 (Industrial Control Equipment)
Power Supply Unit
32 Safety 8 input Relay input output output points Unit points points points 0002 to 0101 to 0102
Address (bit) 000006 000007
Address (bit) 000100 Safety circuit output status monitor 000101 Safety circuit power supply status monitor 000102 K1 relay operating status monitor 000103 K2 relay operating status monitor 000104 General-purpose input 000105 General-purpose input 000106 General-purpose input 000107 General-purpose input
Read and Understand This Catalog
Please read and understand this catalog before purchasing the products. Please consult your OMRON representative if you have any questions or comments.
Warranty and Limitations of Liability
OMRON's exclusive warranty is that the products are free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year (or other period if specified) from date of sale by OMRON. OMRON MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF THE PRODUCTS. ANY BUYER OR USER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE BUYER OR USER ALONE HAS DETERMINED THAT THE PRODUCTS WILL SUITABLY MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF THEIR INTENDED USE. OMRON DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
OMRON SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOSS OF PROFITS OR COMMERCIAL LOSS IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THE PRODUCTS, WHETHER SUCH CLAIM IS BASED ON CONTRACT, WARRANTY, NEGLIGENCE, OR STRICT LIABILITY. In no event shall the responsibility of OMRON for any act exceed the individual price of the product on which liability is asserted. IN NO EVENT SHALL OMRON BE RESPONSIBLE FOR WARRANTY, REPAIR, OR OTHER CLAIMS REGARDING THE PRODUCTS UNLESS OMRON'S ANALYSIS CONFIRMS THAT THE PRODUCTS WERE PROPERLY HANDLED, STORED, INSTALLED, AND MAINTAINED AND NOT SUBJECT TO CONTAMINATION, ABUSE, MISUSE, OR INAPPROPRIATE MODIFICATION OR REPAIR.
Application Considerations
OMRON shall not be responsible for conformity with any standards, codes, or regulations that apply to the combination of products in the customer's application or use of the products. At the customer's request, OMRON will provide applicable third party certification documents identifying ratings and limitations of use that apply to the products. This information by itself is not sufficient for a complete determination of the suitability of the products in combination with the end product, machine, system, or other application or use. The following are some examples of applications for which particular attention must be given. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all possible uses of the products, nor is it intended to imply that the uses listed may be suitable for the products: Outdoor use, uses involving potential chemical contamination or electrical interference, or conditions or uses not described in this catalog. Nuclear energy control systems, combustion systems, railroad systems, aviation systems, medical equipment, amusement machines, vehicles, safety equipment, and installations subject to separate industry or government regulations. Systems, machines, and equipment that could present a risk to life or property. Please know and observe all prohibitions of use applicable to the products. NEVER USE THE PRODUCTS FOR AN APPLICATION INVOLVING SERIOUS RISK TO LIFE OR PROPERTY WITHOUT ENSURING THAT THE SYSTEM AS A WHOLE HAS BEEN DESIGNED TO ADDRESS THE RISKS, AND THAT THE OMRON PRODUCTS ARE PROPERLY RATED AND INSTALLED FOR THE INTENDED USE WITHIN THE OVERALL EQUIPMENT OR SYSTEM.
OMRON shall not be responsible for the user's programming of a programmable product, or any consequence thereof.
Product specifications and accessories may be changed at any time based on improvements and other reasons. It is our practice to change model numbers when published ratings or features are changed, or when significant construction changes are made. However, some specifications of the products may be changed without any notice. When in doubt, special model numbers may be assigned to fix or establish key specifications for your application on your request. Please consult with your OMRON representative at any time to confirm actual specifications of purchased products.
Dimensions and weights are nominal and are not to be used for manufacturing purposes, even when tolerances are shown.
Performance data given in this catalog is provided as a guide for the user in determining suitability and does not constitute a warranty. It may represent the result of OMRONs test conditions, and the users must correlate it to actual application requirements. Actual performance is subject to the OMRON Warranty and Limitations of Liability.
The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate; however, no responsibility is assumed for clerical, typographical, or proofreading errors, or omissions.
2008.11 In the interest of product improvement, specifications are subject to change without notice.
Industrial Automation Company
OMRON Corporation
(c)Copyright OMRON Corporation 2008 All Right Reserved.
Thesis CH1HR-2 LA32B450c4 CI-5100C Magic Hiphone I32 DS306I CDA-9883R RR220PLL 500-C SF-560R Overdose P4 Ixus 75 Dimension E520 Flat TV KX-FL613FX MEX-DV2200 RL62vcts Turismo 4 NS-300 ES300 Camera ER-121 MBA3818 Mity 2 HT-SF360 CD-RW5000 Cafamosacf80 Software SL-PG540A SV-640F Family UE40C6620 PC 1300 Plotters DCT7585 CCD-TRV300E 3VT913NA Office RFG299aars XAA Gt CP-330 HT303PD XR-P160 SE568 RT-20LA70 9 10 Quad 34 Style 1200 Titanium Majesty250-2002 CMT-HX70BTR Mcbr170W AF-3 N HTS3568 Srdg182 Aspire 3620 Optio 550 WD-12330CDP IT-700 GPS 12CX Mpix-331R PX-338 Minolta 7055 EXP370 10 13CR 9600 GT PW1700 TC-K615S Globalnav 200 Casio CZ-1 Nygk-G1000E8 CQ-C1311NW Micro DCR-DVD508E Motorazr-V8 PS63A756t1M Stab MT Bladesystem WF-T1330TP VGN-TX650P ECM-HW1 Tower Mastercontrol A1018 Aquagraph Gpsmap 2110 AVP-A1HDA Control CD200 - 2003 Of Iron 110 Plus Digital AB-V10 DCS-5635 SU-A600mk2 Impreza STI BDP-23FD Laser Color
manuel d'instructions, Guide de l'utilisateur | Manual de instrucciones, Instrucciones de uso | Bedienungsanleitung, Bedienungsanleitung | Manual de Instruções, guia do usuário | инструкция | návod na použitie, Užívateľská príručka, návod k použití | bruksanvisningen | instrukcja, podręcznik użytkownika | kullanım kılavuzu, Kullanım | kézikönyv, használati útmutató | manuale di istruzioni, istruzioni d'uso | handleiding, gebruikershandleiding
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text:
May 29, 2016
The Alabama Senate has approved new Senate districts that Republicans and Democrats predict will strengthen the GOP's control in the next legislative elections in 2014.
The 21-12 vote Tuesday night split along party lines, with the
Senate's Republican majority voting yes and Democratic minority
voting no. The vote came after the Senate spent most of two days
listening to the 333-page redistricting plan being read aloud.
Democratic Sen. Marc Keahey says the plan makes it harder for
several Democratic incumbents by reducing the number of
African-American citizens in their districts. Senate President Pro
Tem Del Marsh says the plan could boost the number of Republicans
in the 35-member Senate from 22 to 27.
The plan still must be approved by the House. That could happen
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.com.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
TLC Responds to Rihanna's Online Jab: Talk to Us, Don't Start a Twitter War
Last week, girl group TLC were accused of slamming Rihanna for her constant nudity. In retaliation, Rihanna hopped on Twitter to throw massive amounts of shade at the girl group by posting snide comments and even one of their own semi-naked photos. Now, members Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins and Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas are firing back at the pop singer, saying not only were they misquoted, but that she should've spoken to them if she felt offended.
"This whole conversation had nothing to do with her anyway. It wasn't about her at all, whatsoever," T-Boz told Yahoo! reporters in Australia. T-Boz also said, "If we have a problem with an artist or an artist has a problem with us, come to us directly. Talk to us, don't start a Twitter war … that's silly."
The duo took a break from their sold-out tour across the country down to with a news outlet down under to explain how the whole TLC vs. Rihanna mishap started, asserting they hadn't seen RiRi's nipple-friendly attire at the CFDA awards to give an opinion. They were talking about women feeling pressured to sell sex in the industry, and the conversation was ultimately chopped and screwed with Rihanna's images to get a good story.
"Someone asked a question, have we seen Rihanna's outfit and I said no, because we're over here touring and I didn't know there's an award show and I had no clue what she wore," T-Boz said, with Chilli adding, "We never mentioned any artist's name."
T-Boz continued, saying, "You heard me say something 'Every time we see you, you're naked' and they put her picture up … How can I talk about something I didn't even see or care about? They even took my comment 'a spade is a spade' out of context … I was talking about television shows."
"The unfortunate part is we were giving a positive message to little girls … When we're talking about people not wearing clothes or being naked all the time or whatever, that's a whole lot of people … and I said if that's their thing, and they feel comfortable doing that, then whatever that works for them. But you don't have to go that route if you don't want to. And we don't want people to think that's what you have to do,"Chilli said.
And as for Rihanna's retaliation post of the group's topless photo, T-Boz explained it was a spread they did for breast cancer and the only photo of the three (with member Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes) topless "in 22 years of our career." "Anytime we do something like that, there's a reason behind it," Chilli added.
And while both ladies brushed off Rihanna's online taunts, the ladies did find fault with the way Rihanna's Navy (aka fans) addressed the situation.
"The thing that is saddening to me, is our youth today, when you think you're riding for an artist … and you start threatening lives and threatening our kids, come on, man, y'all taking it too far."
Rihanna has since changed her Twitter profile, and even deleted some of her remarks, but she hasn't addressed the groups' interview.
What do you think of TLC's explanation of the entire "feud" between them and Rihanna? Tell us your thoughts in the comments below!
Source: Yahoo! News


text:
The Bulldogs won a third straight Southeastern Conference series opener with a 7-4 win over Vanderbilt Friday night at Dudy Noble Field. MSU ushered in the Easter holiday weekend with Chris Stratton's seventh pitching win of the season and ace closer Caleb Reed's seventh save.
MSU improved to 19-11 overall and 4-6 in conference play, while Vanderbilt fell to 12-18 and 3-7. The Bulldogs snapped a six-game losing streak to the Commodores here at home. With victories over Arkansas, Auburn and now Vanderbilt, MSU makes it three straight series-opening wins for the first time since beating Kentucky, Arkansas and LSU on successive weekends in 2007.
"Chris was excellent tonight," MSU head coach John Cohen said. "The biggest play may have been on a bunt attempt. Chris makes an incredible athletic move to make the catch. Caleb then comes through and totally shuts them down."
The Bulldogs built an early 6-1 lead with two runs in the first inning and four more scores in the third inning. Stratton carried that hefty lead until the sixth inning when the Commodores struck for three scores.
Reed faced two batters past the minimum while throwing three innings of shutout relief.
In the first inning, Adam Frazier opened the game with a leadoff single. Tyler Fullerton followed with a walk. After a pair of outs, Wes Rea followed with a two-run single.
In the third inning, Mitch Slauter reached as a hit batsman. C.T. Bradford followed with a base hit, which chased VU starter Kevin Ziomek. New pitcher Drew VerHagen was reached for back-to-back run-producing hits by Wes Rea and Daryl Norris.
Norris, the Bulldog designated hitter, returned to the lineup for the first time since March 7. His return included a pair of hits and an RBI.
"It feels good to finally be getting everybody back," MSU senior outfielder Brent Brownlee said. "These are our guys and we need them out there for us to be at our best."
Sam Frost followed with a two-run double - his second double of the game - and suddenly the Maroon and White held a 6-1 lead.
Things stayed that way until Vanderbilt struck for three runs in the sixth inning. An RBI-double by Spencer Navin and two-run single by Riley Reynolds were the big blows in that inning.
"Thing were going well until that inning," Stratton said. "I made some pitches that I should not have. The team battled hard behind me though and we pulled through for a big win."
Brownlee brought home a critical insurance score with an RBI-single in the seventh inning.
Stratton (7-0) allowed six hits and four runs (three earned), with six strikeouts and one walk. Reed allowed two hits, while facing 11 batters and throwing 35 pitches.
Ziomek (2-5) took the loss in two-plus innings of work. The Commodores threw four total pitches, while allowing 10 hits and seven earned runs.
Frazier, Rea, Norris and Frost each had multiple hits for the Bulldogs.
Vanderbilt received two hits apiece from Tony Kemp and Anthony Gomez.
The series resumes at 2 p.m. Saturday.


text:
Omni and slim based ROMs don't have msim patches in them. Adding them from cm is a hassle.. I tried to do it for crom
You'll end up with a lot of compile errors.
Is that when you gave up or did you look any further into it? I assume telephony base has to be patched to make it work?
I'd like to get some more info to see if its worth a try to fix
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text:
"Borgman" is a morbid study that pushes the boundaries and examines human's predisposition for violent behavior. Raising more questions than for which it provides answers, the film revels in the psychological implications of the horrifying occurrencesRead More »
Since opening in early June, Alex van Warmerdam's foreign language thriller "Borgman", about a vagrant who turns the lives of an arrogant upper-class family into a psychological nightmare, has been growing a fervent cult following. Director van Warmerdam is releasing three exclusive concept painting...Read More »
The opening five-minutes of "Borgman," the acclaimed Dutch thriller that played at Cannes and Toronto last year might be dialogue-free, but it's haunting as hell and worth the watch.Read More »
The home invasion thriller opens on June 6.Read More »
Movies for families tend to embrace the value of sticking together. However, movies about families -- at least those with a certain amount of gall -- assail that very same principle. At the Cannes Film Festival, which attracts stories from around the world, the notion of familial stability is eviden...Read More »
Caustic, surreal, creepy, and blackly funny, Dutch polymath Alex van Warmerdam's "Borgman" is the trickster god in this year's Cannes competition pantheon. Tonally similar to recent cultish favorites from Yorgos Lanthimos and Ben Wheatley ("Dogtooth" feels like a particularly close and favoured firs...Read More »


text:
Today is the second installment of our weekly "designer portfolios to inspire you" series. We had some pretty amazing portfolios in our first post, but don't worry this roundup won't disappoint. Let's get down to business and see what this roundup has in-store.
Licorn Publishing
Jelle Pingen
MP Web Design
Gonzo Graphics
Design Flame
Clean Graphics
Mads Ejsing
Daniel Marques
If you think your portfolio has what it takes, then leave us a comment below with your portfolio address so that we can check it out for the next roundup.
11 Comments so far
[…] This post was mentioned on Twitter by Mike Lane, An1ken, Jereme Wong, Rodrigo Augusto, Fernanda Duarte and others. Fernanda Duarte said: RT @mlane: Designer Portfolios to Inspire You #2 | Creativeoverflow http://t.co/Bk1ski7 via @creativeofblog […]
i love these round ups. awesome sites
Excellent collection, thanks for the share
I love these, great round-up!
Licorn Publishing is a great way to get inspired to do more creative work. I also really like the individuality displayed on a lot of the websites, sort of gives you a bit of insight into who the person or people are.
excellent collection. thanks for share
Thanks for this publication :)
Hi Jacques,
just seeing you have included my portfolio to this great collection! Wow, .. thanks man, this really means a lot to me!
Cheers & Ciao ..
Really inspiring! Some of them are just..wow!
Nice collection, some great work here.
Quoting: ScamIsLikeSpam
Also, it's interesting how they want you to send them YOUR paper to prove that theirs was inferior. I suspect that by doing so, either 1) your paper will turn up as being plagiarized by turnitin.com or they keep it on file for one of their "expert writers" to finagle with later.
good point. i can't conceive of any legit reason a company would ask you to produce a paper to demonstrate the poor quality of theirs.
WritersBeware Oct 10, 07, 03:39PM | #20
I am no longer surprised by ANY of the new scams that these Ukrainian companies employ.
essayer Edited by: essayer Oct 10, 07, 07:37PM | #21
Joined: Dec 28, 06
Posts: 127
i don't think a 100% refund is really possible. i read somewhere here that for every order or transaction initiated, some fees are automtically paid to the credit card company or something.
one lesson for anyone planning to use academic assistance sites is to ensure that all terms of service are agreeable to him or her.
wooly Oct 26, 07, 10:18PM | #22
Joined: Oct 26, 07
Posts: 1
I can relate complety to Muhammad's situation with I paid for a paper that I was to use in a speech and it was absolutely horrible quality. The grammer was attrocious and some of the sentences didn't even make sense…the writer used synonyms that just didn't fit. I could have probably fixed those problems (not that I should have to) but what was worse was that the paper didn't even stay on topic! I asked for a paper on a specific person in medicine and instead I got a paper that generalized about the medical field and then would stick in a few things about the real topic. It appeared as though they took a previously writen paper and added things in to make it fit my topic. It read like a 6th grader wrote it. I complained and asked for a refund and got the same response that Muhammad got…" either pass in the paper and show us the poor grade from your instructor or give us the paper you wrote in order to get a refund. We need evidence of poor quality of paper." I was livid. I told them it was the most rediculous thing I've ever heard. I asked why would I do such a thing? Give you a paper that I wrote so you can compare it with your writers' paper to see if it is poor quality? I asked why would you need such a thing? So you can have it in your records to pass off as written by one of your writers? I told them anyone can see that it is poor quality. I asked, shouldn't the burden of proof be on you? and asked them to point out the so called "professionally" written parts in the paper. I told them it was ludicrous to ask me to pass in a paper and get a crappy grade just so I can get a refund! I was blown away. At this point I don't want to contribute to giving them well writen papers. I'm going to tell them I'll take the loss in money and simply smear their name. I only wish I had seen this forum before I contacted them. Is there any way to actually blow this company out of the water so they can't scam anyone esle? Better business bureau wouldn't work because they are out of the country correct? Live and learn I guess.
WritersBeware Oct 26, 07, 10:57PM | #23
They are frauds from Ukraine.
The best thing you can do is get their SPAM links banned. That will satisfy your justifiable need for revenge, as well as prevent the scumbags from defrauding other people.
See – this link for instructions.
BuddhaKitty May 1, 08, 05:29PM | #24
Joined: May 1, 08
Posts: 1
i'm in the midst of a mess that caused me. i ordered my paper last sunday and paid $160 for it to be ready by tuesday. tuesday morning comes along and they send me an essay… on a completely wrong topic. i was outraged. i was very clear in my description of what the paper needed to be about! the paper ended up being about hamlet, when it was supposed to be about the dharma bums. furthermore, i specified that the paper required six outside sources, which they only had three.
i told them the paper was about the wrong topic. two hours later, they send through this piece of sh*t essay with incoherent sentences… i mean, sentences that literally lead to nowhere. but i had to accept it and turn it in that day as a rough draft, or else the final paper would have been docked an entire grade if there was no rough draft turned in.
i gave the writer until friday morning (tomorrow morning) to revise the paper and get it to me.
already aware of how unreliable this writer was, i called administration (and i tried calling them every five minutes for three hours until someone picked up the phone), and requested a different writer. they said they couldn't do that because i had already accepted the paper. i told them to read the paper and tell me if they thought it was worth $160, because really, it wasn't worth what i wipe my *** with. but they wouldn't budge.
so now the writer sends a message saying that an "emergency came up" and they would need more time to write the paper. i sent a message to them asking them if they could have it done by sunday, because it needs to be turned in by tuesday and i would like some time to read it and probably will end up doing some editing to it.
i called admin and asked them to follow up with the writer, which they said they would. i have yet to hear back from either of them. i'm not going to bother requesting a refund because i know they will fight tooth-and-nail to not give it to me. after i get my (what is probably going to be) crappy paper from them, if i get it at all, i just want to wish them good riddance and never deal with them again, ever.
i am so fed up with them. my question is, how are these people in business?! is there any way we could get them shut down?
WritersBeware Edited by: WritersBeware May 1, 08, 05:53PM | #25
You should have researched them before ordering. They are Ukrainian FRAUDS.
tmf1680 May 2, 08, 05:23PM | #26
Joined: May 2, 08
Posts: 3
I just completed a transaction with it is suppossed to be sent to me in 8 hours. I have already contacted paypal, and they said my money has been sent, and that I need to file a dispute. Should I wait until I get my paper and then file or file now? I cannot believe that I didn't check before I paid for it. I consider that my fault. But none of their phone numbers work. How do you contact them. Has anybody ever spoken with someone directly over the phone? I have started working on my paper, to be prepared for thier bad one to be sent to me. Does anyone have any advice for me? I have never even thought about doing anything like this before. My daughter was sick and I got behind in my class and I was just looking for a way out. But I am just going to to pull an all nighter and knock it out, it might not be the greatest but it will be my work and I can make sure that it is legible.
WritersBeware May 2, 08, 05:31PM | #27
file now?
Yes, absolutely! Don't give them the opportunity to send you some utter garbage just to be able to claim to PayPal that they already "delivered the product."
tmf1680 May 2, 08, 08:34PM | #28
Joined: May 2, 08
Posts: 3
Well thanks for the advice, they just contacted me four hours after and told me that they need 48 hours to complete the paper, and asked me if it was acceptable? I said no I want a refund so hopefully I will get one if not I still filed the dispute. I cannot beleive that people are out there that scam people for these like this and they can't get caught. I mean you would think if I asked you (or anyone) that I needed a paper to be done in 8 hours, you wouldn't tell me 4 hours later, oh by the way….I CAN'T!!! Do you have any otehr suggestions as to whT ai should do? Please I am definately listening, oh and you wouldn't believe who was the admin person who responded……JEFFREY!!
WritersBeware Edited by: WritersBeware May 2, 08, 08:41PM | #29
you wouldn't believe who was the admin person who responded……JEFFREY!!
Yes, I would believe it. I proved him to be a complete shyster after he fraudulently posed as a "customer" in this forum in order to promote his scam site,
tmf1680 May 2, 08, 09:11PM | #30
Joined: May 2, 08
Posts: 3
He stated that he was going to give me a full refund, and that their site was legit. Let's just hope that I get it. Thanks for the advice.
WritersBeware Edited by: WritersBeware May 2, 08, 09:25PM | #31
He stated . . . their site was legit
I can prove otherwise in about 37 different ways.
WritersBeware Edited by: WritersBeware May 10, 08, 08:02PM | #32
Now the Ukrainian scammer who owns is using his site to blame other companies (without any proof whatsoever) for C reputation of fraud, which I proved to be justified. How pathetic is THAT?
WritersBeware Jun 5, 08, 11:41PM | #33
Here's some information on latest, possible identity scam:
joneszr Sep 15, 08, 05:22PM | #34
Joined: Sep 12, 08
Threads: 18
Posts: 82
john, you are TOTAL SCUM!!!
ndungu Sep 18, 08, 04:12AM | #35
Joined: Sep 6, 08
Threads: 1
Posts: 26
is freelance writing.net a scam? please help
Anmol Sep 18, 08, 12:09PM | #36


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We're getting to that time of the year where finding a ton of Cyclone links will sometimes be difficult. Expect a lot of Big 12 stuff in this daily piece, along with some other college athletic articles that I just find interesting.
Here's a Keeler column that is loosely based around discussing 'what if' Iowa State still had a baseball team.
State's top prep baseball stars find staying here tough | desmoinesregister.com | The Des Moines Register
In the Loop: Fred Hoiberg, Johnny Orr, Lisa Koll, Steve Alford, Bruce Pearl and more | desmoinesregister.com | The Des Moines Register
Revenue potential crucial to Big Ten expansion debate | GazetteOnline.com
Football Preview - Summertime Blues: Jayhawks need defense bad
Analysis: Plenty of ways Big Ten expansion could go - College football- nbcsports.msnbc.com
How Big Ten Expansion Could Destroy The Big 12
SEC and Big Ten are looking for love from Big 12 | College Sports | Sports News and Videos on...
By golly, I've got some more Big Ten expansion links | GazetteOnline.com
College Football's 10 Most Durable Returning Running Backs | Bleacher Report
Conference USA keeps eye on expansion talks | gulflive.com
Twitter: @ChrisMWilliams
Facebook: Cyclone Fanatic
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Since yesterday was Fat Tuesday, I decided to try my hand at some Cajun cooking. Living way up here in Canada, Cajun food isn't something I'm very experienced with. First up is Happy Herbivore's Cajun Chickpea Cakes. These babies are delicious! The mixture was pretty dry and crumbly and wouldn't stick together, so I added some additional tamari as well as some water, worked like a charm. I simply adored the spice combo in these cakes. Since they are fat free they are a bit dry, like she says, so I suggest dipping them in something.
We also had Susan Voisin's Eggplant Creole. This was good, but I feel like it's missing a flavour. However, I have no idea what that flavour is since I know nothing of Louisiana cooking. Maybe my ratio of tomato to eggplant was off? Mine certainly turned out a lot saucier than her's looks in the picture. Not sure. The heat was there, but it lacked a certain "zip." That being said, it was still quite good and we enjoyed the nice fresh veggies. I served this over quinoa instead of rice.


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The Florida Film Festival has announced the lineup for its 15th edition, which will take place March 24-April 2 in Orlando. This year, the festival showcases 51 feature films and 91 shorts from 18 countries, which will be screened at the Enzian Theater. The festival kicks off with Julian Jarrold's "Kinky Boots." The film, which marks Jarold's feature directorial debut, is about a son who struggles to save his father's shoe factory after the sudden death of his father. The son receives help from an unlikely character, a cabaret singer named Lola, whose taste in high heels and business tactics bring the factory success when they produce spike-heeled boots.
The opening film will be preceded by the east coast premiere of Chel White's award-winning animated short, "A Painful Glimpse Into My Writing Process (In Less Than 60 Seconds)" in which the filmmaker attempts to portray what takes place in his subconscious.
The festival's independent competition lineup includes seven films making their world premiere. The narrative feature category debuts "Inside," by Jeff Mahler, a film about a troubled young man who tries to look in on people's lives by breaking into their homes while they are there. Marylou Tibaldo-Bongiorno's "Revolution '67" will make its world premiere in the documentary feature category. "Revolution '67" shows archived footage of the 1967 riots in Newark, New Jersey, and includes interviews from civil rights activists in an attempt to shed light on one of the untold uprisings of the 1960s.
Other festival highlights include several films directed by well-known actors, such as Vincent D'Onofrio's "Five Minutes, Mr. Welles." The narrative short features D'Onofrio as Orson Welles in 1949 London preparing for his role as Harry Lime in "The Third Man."
The festival will also welcome guest John Waters, for "An Afternoon with John Waters: Cinematic Immunity," where the filmmaker will take the stage to talk about his craft and share his quirky taste in film. "John Waters has gained phenomenal international renown as writer and director of a range of wildly original, irreverent and offbeat portraits of the American dream gone-wrong," a festival press release notes.
For a complete lineup of films and special events, visit their Web site.


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California Medical Association
Leading medical groups have called on the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to delay implementation of Stage 3 of meaningful use of electronic health records (EHRs), saying providers are still trying to implement Stages 1 and 2.
"Meaningful use" refers to provisions in the 2009 Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act, which authorized incentive payments through Medicare and Medicaid to clinicians and hospitals that use electronic health records in a meaningful way that significantly improves clinical care.
The American Medical Association, which called for a delay in implementation, said the meaningful use program has helped kick start EHR use but noted there are still technical, financial, regulatory, and operational challenges that must be dealt with first.
The American College of Physicians wrote in its comments that Stage 3 measures don't focus enough on patient outcomes, although that was supposed to be their goal. Instead, HHS' measures are a growing collection of functional metrics.
The Association of American Medical Colleges wrote that Stage 3 requirements should strike a balance between imposing difficult measures without having a negative impact on patient care for those providers who don't meet such measures.
In its comments on proposed Stage 3 requirements issued by HHS, the American Academy of Family Physicians called for a delay in implementation until at least 2017, adding it also wants to delay or eliminate penalties for the third and final stage of the EHR incentive program.
HHS finalized its regulations for Stage 2 in August, requiring that physicians complete that stage by October 1, 2014 or face a 1% penalty from Medicare. That was a 9-month delay from its original deadline.
A finalized Stage 3 rule should be released later this year.
Source: Medpage Today, January 15, 2013.


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WASHINGTON – It's back-to-school time in much of the D.C. area, with all schools due to be back after Labor Day.
As kids, and parents, get used to their new schedules, sleep patterns can be disrupted.
Tuesday at 1 p.m., Dr. Thomas LoRusso of the Northern Virginia Sleep Diagnostic Center will take your questions during a live chat.
He will be talking about kids, sleep and school start times, as well as the dangers of drowsy teens and what parents can do to help their kids get enough sleep.
LoRusso completed a three-year Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep fellowship at the University of California, at Cedars-Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles.
His area of expertise includes diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders, having trained under Dr. Philip Westbrook, past president of the American Sleep Disorders Association.
The Northern Virginia Sleep Diagnostic Center provides state-of-the-art facilities; staffed by board certified physicians and other highly trained medical professionals who specialize in helping people with persistent sleep problems.
Live Chat: Dr. Thomas LoRusso, Northern Virginia Sleep Diagnostic Center
Follow WTOP on Twitter.
(Copyright 2012 by WTOP. All Rights Reserved.)
Sure, you could grill another hot dog. Or, you could try one of these 30 recipes for foods you never knew you could cook on the grill.


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Cyprus people celebrate life throughout the year by having events and festivals related to films, music, dance, food, wine, Epiphany and fashion. These events offer great entertainment to people of all age groups in a family including elders and kids. By planning for Cyprus Holidays in August with your family members, you could enjoy the amazing atmosphere created by the following events.
1. International Festival Of Ancient Greek Drama
This event starts in the middle of July and goes on till the middle of August. During this one month, you and your family members would be enthralled by the amazing epic adventures that are staged by the drama troupes from across the globe. These heroic adventure dramas are conducted in three state of the art amphitheaters including the famous Kourion Amphitheater, Makarios III Amphitheater and Ancient Odeon. Kourion Amphitheater is located in Lemesos. Lemesos has a number of other attractions to spend time with your family members.
2. Summer Dance festival
This is a unique dance festival that is held in public places in the city of Lemesos. The dance festival is held for a period of one week in the first week of August. This festival has been organized primarily to draw attraction of the people, who don't have time to spare for coming to a theater.
3. Lemesos International Documentary Festival
This documentary film festival show cases the documentary films and short films created by the film makers from across the globe. This festival happens in the first week of August at Theatro Eno near the municipal market in Lemesos
4. Wine Festival
Your Cyprus Holidays would be made far more exciting by this yearly wine festival. It starts in the last week of August and continues till the first week of September. This wine festival has been happening since 1961 and takes place in the Municipal gardens in Lemesos. By participating in this wine festival, you could enjoy different types of wines manufactured by the local manufacturers in Cyprus. There are some manufacturers who offer casks of free wine. In addition to tasting wine, you could also taste the traditional cuisine that comes in different tasty flavors. The entire garden gets transformed and wears a festive look with live music shows, traditional dance performances and theater shows.
5. Pafos Aphrodite Festival
This is a 3 day open air Opera festival that happens in the harbour city of Paphos. This year the festival opens with the magnum opus Otello, which is produced and presented by the famous Slovak theatre called the Opera of the Slovak National Theatre.
The festival venue, Pafos Castle Square is a great place to spend time with your family members. With the sea as the back drop, this castle provides a perfect setting for the audience to enjoy the opera.
Cyprus Holidays are incomplete without visiting the different attractions available in Paphos. Paphos is a UNESCO listed world heritage site and has a number of archeological sites to visit. The Greek Olympian Goddess of Love and Beauty, Aphrodite is set to have risen from the sea side in this town. Some of the other attractions in Paphos include the Mosaics, Tombs of the kings and the Paphos Odeon.


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Of all the words ever spoken about baseball, none are truer than those attributed to 1950s catcher Wes Westrum, who's supposed to have said that baseball is like church: Many attend, but few understand. Baseball just isn't like the other sports, which is why more hogwash is uttered about baseball than any other game.
Baseball attracts a specific mentality that even players often can't describe, which is why so many are prone to cliches. When intellects from George Carlin to Bart Giamatti try it, their insights are groaned out of polite conversation.
Most initiates would agree that no one truly dislikes baseball. Detractors simply don't "get it," which doesn't make them bad people. Even many who like baseball don't get it.
So we're back to spring training this week with another challenging season, the outcome of which will rely largely on who gets it and who doesn't. We might look at the coming year from the perspectives of two National League Central clubs that have shown very similar results for the last two years, just to demonstrate how two different approaches can come to the same results.
The Reds finished 2006 with an outside look at contention but still wound up with a losing record at 80-82. The Houston Astros surged at the end to finish 82-80. In 2007, both clubs plummeted into the division depths, the Reds to 72-90 and the Astros to 73-89.
Both clubs suffered from terrible bullpens last year and addressed those problems in the offseason. The Reds signed free agent Francisco Cordero to a four-year contract for $46 million, and the Astros traded prospects and spare parts to the Arizona Diamondbacks for Jose Valverde.
But that's about where the similarities end. The Reds have lost for seven years straight. The Astros went to the World Series in 2005, fielded an even better club in 2004 and generally have stayed in the mix for most of the last 15 years. Now those tables are turning, perhaps quickly, but certainly within the next two or three years.
The Reds are in the midst of building a very solid program. Their prospect pipeline right now is the equal of any in big league baseball, certainly in terms of front-line talent. The 20-year-old center fielder Jay Bruce is said to be right up there with Evan Longoria, Joba Chamberlain and Clay Buchholz in the eyes of the experts.
Pitchers Homer Bailey and Johnny Cueto, along with first baseman Joey Votto, are found among the top 25 prospects across all of professional baseball by most reckonings. Considering that only 30 clubs operate and one of them has four of the best 25 prospects, the Reds could be striking gold. Wisely, the Reds are keeping those guys in their pocket.
On the other extreme, we find the Astros, who have allowed their farm system to degenerate. The trade publication Baseball America ranks the Astros at the very bottom among 30 pro player development systems, with little sign of improving the situation. In December alone, the Astros dealt away top pitching prospects Troy Patton, Matt Albers and Juan Gutierrez in their attempt to win now. But their pitching is so thin and their farm system so dry that it's questionable if they're ever going to win.
The Reds would tell you that they want to win now, but they seem to understand that the point really isn't to win now. The point is to win every year, which takes patience.
That means you trade prospects only when you know they're expendable (because other prospects at the same positions are better) or in mid-season, when the big league club has worked itself into a chance and needs that one piece to go over the top. Another good rule: Never trade top prospects in the offseason for a Grade B player who's a bit better than what you already have.
Therefore, appeals for the Reds to deal prospects for the likes of Oakland Athletics pitcher Joe Blanton are thoroughly misguided. It's true that prospects are uncertain. It's equally foolish to bank on that uncertainty. The intelligent approach involves working a prospect until making a firm judgement that he's expendable.
One of the most persistent myths of Reds history has it that then-General Manager Bill Bergesch blew their chance of winning a division in 1987 by hanging onto prospects instead of dealing a package to the Pittsburgh Pirates for veteran right hander Rick Reuschel. Such incompetent historians forget that the Reds remained a pretty consistent contender, won the 1990 World Series and stayed thick into the mid-1990s largely due to Bergesch's care with the prospects.
The Reds were flush with young talent in those mid-1980s, the core consisting in four outfielders (Eric Davis, Paul O'Neill, Kal Daniels and Tracy Jones) and two shortstops (Barry Larkin and Kurt Stillwell). Rather than deal them away quickly, the Reds watched them play for a while to see what they had.
Future general managers benefited from Bergesch's wisdom. The Reds ended up keeping the right guys -- Davis, O'Neill and Larkin. They traded Jones and Daniels for pieces that helped win the World Series. They traded Stillwell for Danny Jackson, who finished second in the 1988 Cy Young voting before arm trouble sidetracked his career.
That's how it's done: Trade prospects only when you know they are expendable or when you've assessed they're not going to make it or when you have a chance to win in August. Young talent is at once the most valuable and the most uncertain commodity in the game. An organization that's hasty with young talent will suffer for its own foolishness.
To illustrate what can go wrong, consider the Astros, who decided to tear down and start over in 1991 with young talent. Among the youths who suited up for Houston that season were not only Jeff Bagwell and Craig Biggio but Ken Caminiti, Steve Finley, Luis Gonzalez, Kenny Lofton, Pete Harnisch, Darryl Kyle and Curt Schilling. Beginning at ground zero with that base of talent, the Astros went to one World Series, and not until 2005. The mind almost can't put it together.
Astros general managers in the 1990s simply outsmarted themselves with frivolous, silly trades, handing out prospects like candy. They traded Lofton to the Cleveland Indians for Eddie Taubensee. They dealt Schilling to the Philadelphia Phillies for the notorious Jason Grimsley, who never did suit up for the Astros.
By the late 1990s, the Astros could have ruled the world, and they frittered it away. They still put together good ball clubs, but they gained not a single good piece for the players mentioned and never could go over the top until a wave of spending four years ago brought in Roger Clemens and Andy Pettitte.
Houston is a much larger market with more money than Cincinnati. The Astros can spend their way through mistakes. The Reds can't. Further, the Reds aren't close enough to winning for a prospect trade to make any sense.
The Reds would be wise to stick to their guns, hang onto the kids and play them out. Any other approach is unsustainable in their market.
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If you have any lingering doubts about the sheer inhumanity, brutality and blind ignorance of fundamental Muslims, I would recommend you visit the item on this web-site today, wherein you will witness a video of the non-existent stonings – this one in Afghanistan.
What kind of humanoids this crowd represents it is almost impossible to imagine.
There are no excuses, or reasons, or explanations, or special circumstances, or any other obfuscation proffered by apologists for this disgusting sect. This is sheer love of killing, without the faintest trace of human compassion. Why are we bothering with this filth?


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So far, I haven't received any information about when the "IM/P federation with XMPP" feature will be available for Lync Online. Please watch out our forum and official website for any update about this issue. You may also submit feedback at the following site:
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