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Path analysis with a mix of categoric...
Mplus Discussion
Structural Equation Modeling
Daniel Rodriguez
posted on Thursday, January 08, 2004 - 10:02 am
I am analyzing a path analysis model with one endogenous variable (the primary outcome) being categorical (binary) and the other (a potential mediator) being continuous. Is the aim in my path analysis the same as it is when all outcomes are continuous, to reproduce as closely as possible the variance-covariance matrix?
posted on Thursday, January 08, 2004 - 10:09 am
In this case you are using a limited-information weighted least-squares where the model is fitted to sample-estimated multivariate probit thresholds, slopes, and residual correlations. Same number of quantities are used for the fitting but different ones from the continuous case of means, variances, and covariances.
Daniel Rodriguez
posted on Thursday, January 08, 2004 - 10:14 am
Thank you. I am planning to submit my paper for publication. What would you recommend presenting in the results section, a correlation matrix does not seem appropriate given the categorical outcome. Or are the fit indices plus a figure with standardized path coefficients sufficient?
posted on Thursday, January 08, 2004 - 10:17 am
I think what you suggest is good, but also add unstandardized coefficients and their SEs.
posted on Monday, December 13, 2004 - 7:26 am
I am experimenting with the examples in the Mplus guide (ex 3.12)that use binary outcomes as dependent/endogenous measures. I was wondering if there are any peer reviewed publications that have used this technique? I would like to use this in a paper that I am planning to send out for publication and I would like to cite some studies that do this. Thank you.
posted on Monday, December 13, 2004 - 8:28 am
You many want to look at the article by Xie on the Mplus web site, Reference section.
posted on Saturday, May 21, 2005 - 2:32 pm
Hi, there is an article regarding SEM of discrete data by Winship and Mare (1983) in the American Journal of Sociology ("Structural Equations and Path Analysis for Discrete Data."). If you are aware of it, could you please let me know the similaries/differences between their estimate and the MPlus estimation of discrete variables? Thanks!
posted on Saturday, May 21, 2005 - 4:19 pm
Yes, I am aware of this article, but I don't recall the content other than that I think a different tack was taken than in my work from the late 70's and early 80's. I should take another look at the article - do you have a pdf handy so I can refresh my memory of it?
posted on Sunday, May 22, 2005 - 2:47 pm
Thanks for sending the Winship-Mare (1983) article. Its relationship to the categorical variable modeling in Mplus is clear from examples like the one they start off with - social background (x, say) influencing the mediator of getting a college degree (y, say), influencing unemployment (z, say). As in the econometric literature, they make it clear that while x->y is naturally a logit or probit regression, the specification of the influence of the mediator on z may either use the 0/1 dummy variable y itself or an underlying continuous latent response variable y* (that gives rise to y=1 instead of y=0 when exceeding a threshold). They discuss ML estimation using probit for some simple special cases. The literature indicates that ML using y* gives a different loglikelihood than ML using y, and as pointed out in the article different applications naturally call for different choices.
Using the simple example above, Mplus makes the y* choice when using probit modeling and (limited-information) WLS type estimators that I developed in my 1978-1984 work on LISCOMP. More recently, the y choice has also been added to Mplus using logit with ML. We have plans to add the other combinations of using y/y*, probit/logit, and ML/WLS.
When all observed dependent variables are categorical, Mplus also offers the Feinberg-inspired "causal" modeling mentioned in the article. This is with multiple latent class variables as mentioned in Chapter 13 of the Version 3 User's Guide, where a latent class variable can be specified to be perfectly measured by an observed categorical variable (this feature also enables loglinear modeling of frequency table data, using the alternative loglinear parameterization).
Hope this answers your question.
posted on Wednesday, June 08, 2005 - 2:36 pm
I have two endogenous variables, Y1 is binary (0/1), and the other (Y2) has three categories, which are coded as 0/1/2:
In the second equation (Y2 is the dependent variable), I use Y2=0 as the comparison baseline, but how can I make Y2=0 as the comparison baseline in the first equation when Y2 is an independent variable?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, June 08, 2005 - 5:19 pm
A nominal variable cannot be a mediating variable in Mplus. It is unclear how to deal this situation because it would be treated as nominal when it is a dependent variable but would need to be treated as a set of dummy variables as an independent variable.
posted on Wednesday, June 08, 2005 - 6:43 pm
Thanks a lot. If there is an order between the three categories of Y2 (0-->1-->2), can I treat Y2 as ordered categorical (ordianal)? In another word, can an ordinal variable (ordered categorical) be a mediating variable in MPLUS?
Again, I want one of the three categories (e.g., "Y2=0") as the comparison baseline in both equations (i.e., in the equation when Y2 is the dependent variable and in the equation when Y2 is an independent variable). Thanks again!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Thursday, June 09, 2005 - 8:18 am
Yes, ordinal variables can be used as mediating variables. With weighted least squares estimation, probit regression is obtained. With maximum likelihood estimation, logistic regression is obtained.
There is no reference category with ordinal dependent variables.
posted on Thursday, June 09, 2005 - 9:28 am
Thanks a lot. If there is no reference category with ordinal dependent variables, how I can interpret the results (for both cases: when the ordinal variable is an independent variable and when it is a dependent variable)? If an ordinal variable only has three categories, it may not be appropriate to see it as continuous.
posted on Thursday, June 09, 2005 - 4:19 pm
Please allow me to rephrase the above question. I now know how to interpret ordinal logit regression. And my three questions are:
(1) In the example above, if Y2 is ordinal, it is fine for it to be a dependent variable in the second equation (Y2 ON X1 X3), but how to treat it when it is an independent variable in the first equation (Y1 ON Y2 X1 X2)? Y2 has only three categories (0/1/2) so that I doubt we can treat it as a continuous independent variable, and I wonder if it is appropriate to generate two dummy variables corresponding to Y2=1 and Y2=2 to replace Y2 in the first equation (Y1 ON Y2 X1 X2).
Alternatively, can I do this in the following way? First, generate three dummy variables Y20, Y21, and Y22, corresponding to Y2=0, Y2=1, and Y2=2. Then, run equations:
The following questions are:
(2) Should I specify Y20 as CATEGORICAL as well?
(3) Should I add Y20 as a dependent variable in the second equation? If I add Y20 (or don�t add it), is there any technical problem?
posted on Thursday, June 09, 2005 - 6:28 pm
(1) The default option in Mplus is to use WLSMV which takes a probit approach in which case the equation where Y2 is an independent variable, an underlying continuous latent response variable Y2* is used to predict Y1. For a discussion of related matters see the Xie article on the Mplus web site and also the Winship-Mare 1983 article discussed earlier in this forum.
Don't create dummy Y2 variables if you want to treat it as ordinal. Stay with the approach I just mentioned.
(2)-(3) Not relevant given my answers above.
posted on Thursday, June 09, 2005 - 8:20 pm
Thanks a lot! Two more questions regarding interpretation:
(1) When the ordered categorical (ordinal) variable is an independent variable, since it is treated as a latent continuous variable, can I interpret its coefficient like interpreting a continuous variable?
(2) When the ordered categorical (ordinal) variable is a dependent variable, how to interpret the coefficients of independent variables in a meaningful way? (now the dependent variable is not a binary variable but has more than two categories)
posted on Friday, June 10, 2005 - 6:16 am
(1) Yes
(2) The slope can be interpreted the same as with a continuous dependent variable given that an ordinal dependent variable can be seen as a continuous latent response variable that exceeds thresholds to give the various outcome categories. There is therefore only one slope. See also Appendix 1 in the Technical Appendices on the Mplus web site.
liesbeth mercken
posted on Tuesday, March 28, 2006 - 1:22 am
I have several questions concerning a SEM analysis I am trying to run.
I have some categorical variables and some other variables with extreme missing values. I do not have any latent variables in my model.
The analysis always terminates normally but I don�t know if I can trust the results,
although they are very stable.
Type= missing;
Estimator= mlr;
Integration= montecarlo;
(mcseed I tried because the error said something about a starting value.. but it makes no difference)
In the output I see 2 warnings / errors:
190 603 119 134 611
Error B only appeared when I included 17 dummies in my model (for the 18 schools-this was originally a categorical variable)
After these errors the output states that the model estimation terminated normally.
1.What do these errors mean?
2.How can I correct for them?
3.Can I get fit indices like TLI CFI by putting H1 in the type command?
PS: I will attend to your course in Utrecht although it is not specifically what I am doing� can I bring my output also to the course?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, March 28, 2006 - 8:53 am
This error message is serious. Your model has a lot of parameters. I wonder how large your sample is. You need more observations than parameters. I can't say much more without more information. Please send your input, data, output, and license number to
I don't think H1 is available with the estimator you are using but I would need to see your entire model to answer that.
It is unlikely that we will have time to look at output at the Utrecht meeting. You should send your questions to support.
Wendong Li
posted on Sunday, February 21, 2010 - 3:51 am
I am running a model with all continuous variables but one categorical variable as a control. I am not interested in whether there is any difference among different categories of this variable and just want to partial out its impact. Can I just put it in the model, tell the program it is categorical and then regress the outcome variable on it?
Thanks in advance!
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Sunday, February 21, 2010 - 6:38 am
You can include it and regress the outcome variable on it but you should not put it on the CATEGORICAL list. This list is for dependent variables only. The model is estimated conditioned on the observed exogenous variables and their scale is not relevant.
Wendong Li
posted on Sunday, February 21, 2010 - 10:40 pm
Thanks a lot for your input, Linda!
posted on Monday, November 08, 2010 - 10:18 pm
Hi Linda, in page 496 of the manual version 5, you indicate that Bootstrap is not available for MLR due to the parameter estimates and bootstrap standard errors for these estimators not differing from those of ML. I am not quiet sure I understand this? Would this mean that that there is no need to use bootstrap with MLR because the results are identical? Sorry I'm a novice in Path Analysis and would like to use some type of simulation to ensure that my results are not biased. Any suggestions other than cross-validation and holdover sampling method?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, November 09, 2010 - 5:57 am
Yes, the parameter estimates are the same for ML, MLR, and MLF. So if you used bootstrapping with any one of these to obtain bootstrapped standard errors, the results would be identical. For simplicity we make bootstrap available only with ML.
posted on Saturday, November 20, 2010 - 12:07 am
Two questions:
1) After reading a response on the site, I wanted to clarify that if a binary 0/1 bvariable is included as a mediator, it does not have to be declared as categorical in the "CATEGORICAL ARE" command, ( I ask because I know this must be done for dependent outcome variables, however, in an SEM class, it was said that all variables with arrows going into them were considered dependent)
2)Are pvalues available for correlations obtained in Mplus? I see that users publish correlations with pvalues, but these do not seem to be part of the Mplus output.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Saturday, November 20, 2010 - 7:49 am
1. A mediator is a dependent variable and if it is binary it should be placed on the CATEGORICAL list.
2. Not for sample correlations. You can estimate a model of correlations or covariances and obtain p-values in this way.
Stacey Conchie
posted on Thursday, February 24, 2011 - 2:15 am
This is a very basic question so apologies in advance.
I have a mediation model comprising 5 continuous latent constructs (1xIV; 1xM; 3xDV)and three control measures (the latter are directly observed). One of my control measures is binary (0=no/1=yes). Would I be correct in thinking that I don't enter the binary measure on the line 'CATEGORICAL ARE' as it's not the DV? When I don't specify this measure as categorical the model runs fine. However, when I do specify it as categorical I recieve a meassage that I must use montecarlo integration and that I cannot estimate indirect effects. Using this integration technique runs the data, but I don't get any fit indices for the model.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Thursday, February 24, 2011 - 6:14 am
Only dependent variables should be placed on the CATEGORICAL list. Observed exogenous variables should not be put on this list.
Mohamed Abou-Shouk
posted on Sunday, April 24, 2011 - 6:46 am
If i have a binary outcome variable(1=adopt, and 0=nonadopt)and i want to measure the impact of factors affecting the adoption, these factors are continuous latent variables but are divided to four main factors; f1, f2, f3, and f4.
the question is: do i have to run Path analysis with categorical dependent variable as in example 3.12?
If yes, i have used ML to get logistic regression results, but the second question is, do these results target the adopt category or nonadopt? in other words, if i want to say that f1 affects positively u1? in this case is u1 adopt or non adopt category?
I hope you get my meaning.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Sunday, April 24, 2011 - 10:44 am
Example 3.12 uses weighted least squares not maximum likelihood. This yields probit regression coefficients. For maximum likelihood and logistic regression, you must add ESTIMATOR= ML; to the ANALYSIS command. Note that if your factor have categorical factor indicators, this would result in four dimensions of integration.
U1 is adopt. It is the highest category.
Arina Gertseva
posted on Thursday, May 12, 2011 - 11:07 am
I am testing the extent to which delinquent peers and depression condition the relationship between victimization and offending (offending is a binary outcome (1=offending 0=no offending). I conducted analysis on the overall sample as well as on each gender group. The results are very similar, with an exception of a few parameter estimates. My question is: how appropriate is to conduct coefficient comparison test across gender groups without running a multiple group analysis?
If yes, which formula can I use? Thank you.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, May 12, 2011 - 6:36 pm
You get a statistical test of gender equality if you do a multiple-group analysis. I think that is highly desirable.
Owis Eilayyan
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 11:29 am
I am using mplus 5 to run an ordinal regression and path analysis model. i have missing values, but less than 10%. The program excludes all observations that have missing values from the analysis. could you please tell me how can i insert all observations i have in my analysis.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 11:34 am
Version 5 has TYPE=MISSING as the default. Cases must be excluded that have missing on observed exogenous x variables. This is because missing data theory does not apply to these variables. If you mention their means, variances, or covariances in the MODEL command, they will be treated as dependent variables and distributional assumptions will be made about them. The subjects will not, however, be excluded from the analysis.
Owis Eilayyan
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 11:58 am
Thanks for your response, but how can i mention their means. do you mean put then in brackets?
Owis Eilayyan
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 12:44 pm
This is my command. could you please tell me how to mention the mean or the variance in the MODEL command.
TITLE: this is an example of a logistic
regression for a categorical observed
dependent variable with two covariates
DATA: FILE IS C:\Users\Admin\Desktop\MGH\path3.dat;
VARIABLE: NAMES ARE smo em sym pf ef sf re bmi age fev gender act5 actc;
USEVARIABLES ARE smo em sym pf ef sf re bmi age fev gender act5;
CATEGORICAL IS act5;
missing = .;
MODEL: act5 ON smo em sym pf ef sf re bmi age fev gender;
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 1:31 pm
act5 ON smo em sym pf ef sf re bmi age fev gender;
smo em sym pf ef sf re bmi age fev gender;
Owis Eilayyan
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 1:45 pm
Thanks a lot.
Usually i use SAS for statistical analysis. in SAS we can define the categorical variable (i.e reference group). Does Mplus do that?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 6:16 pm
You can use the DEFINE command to create a set of dummy variables for a categorical covariate.
Owis Eilayyan
posted on Monday, February 27, 2012 - 7:02 pm
Actually i have the categories already. but in the results interpretation, we should have reference group in categorical variables. for example, male are more likely to have the disease. so the reference group is male and the interpretation is for male not female.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, February 28, 2012 - 10:14 am
With a dummy variable, 0 is the reference group and 1 is the group for which the effect is relevant.
Owis Eilayyan
posted on Tuesday, February 28, 2012 - 6:31 pm
Thanks a lot Linda
Owis Eilayyan
posted on Wednesday, February 29, 2012 - 7:08 am
Hi Linda again,
i did as what you told me last time regarding analyse all available values. you told me to mention their means, variances, or covariances in the MODEL command. you gave me the command, but it is the covariances and the is no covariances between these exogenous variables. could you please tell me how can i mention just their means or variances.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, February 29, 2012 - 9:28 am
I gave you the command for the variances not the covariances. If you have further problems with this, please send your output and license number to
chris pp
posted on Thursday, April 05, 2012 - 9:59 pm
I'm running a SEM where one of the variables ('nage') is categorical (dichotomous) and is modelled as a predictor of one continous variable, and an outcome of another continuous variable.
There seems to be less output on the standardized results when this variable
is set as categorical (only showing StdYA under the STANDARDIZED MODEL RESULTS). Are there additional commands required to generate more output in this case?
The syntax is:
USEVARIABLES ARE edu cfit
nage social selfr pa pop;
CATEGORICAL IS nage;
MODEL: sr BY
soc BY
sr ON edu cfit;
soc ON sr pop cfit;
pa ON pop soc;
nage ON edu;
cfit ON edu;
pop ON nage edu;
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Friday, April 06, 2012 - 7:02 am
With the default WLSMV estimator, standard errors for the standardized solution are not available when the model has covariates.
posted on Monday, June 25, 2012 - 8:39 am
Dear Professors,
I am running the following model: (using WLSMV estimator)
Usevariables are
vic IQ daw emot PL12 PL18 dep sex;
Categorical are
vic daw PL12 PL18 dep;
Parameterization = theta;
IQ with daw;
vic with emot;
vic on IQ daw;
emot on IQ daw;
dept with PL12 ;
vic emot daw IQ on sex;
dept PL12 on sex vic emot IQ daw;
PL18 on sex dept PL12 vic emot IQ daw;
So my questions are:
1) As I am using both categorical and continuous variables does that mean my path analysis consists of both linear and probit regressions? So "emo (continuous) on daw (categorical) = linear regression" and "vic (categorical) on IQ (continuous) = probit regqression" is this correct?
2) Then what are the correlations? for example "IQ (continuous) with daw (categorical)" is this a coveriance or a tetrachoric correlation?
Thank you very much.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Monday, June 25, 2012 - 10:27 am
1. If the dependent variable is continuous, the regression coefficient is linear. If the dependent variable is categorical, the regression coefficient is probit.
2. Continuous with categorical is a biserial or polyserial correlation. Binary with binary is a tetrachoric correlation.
posted on Monday, June 25, 2012 - 10:28 am
Thank you very much
posted on Thursday, April 10, 2014 - 8:08 am
I am doing a path analysis that includes a dicotomous endogenous variable(Y1) and censored endogenous variables(Y2, Y3).
I want to test the relationship Y2 with Y3(non recursive model)
X1, X2 -> Y1(dicotomous)
Y1 -> Y2(censored)
Y1 -> Y3(censored)
But I get an error message that the latent variable covariance matrix(psi) is not positive definite.PROBLEM INVOLVING VARIABLE Y3.
I checked TECH 4, but I don't know what is wrong.
Could you help?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Thursday, April 10, 2014 - 9:42 am
Please send the output and your license number to
Marie Alice
posted on Thursday, March 19, 2015 - 12:28 am
I am doing path analysis with a continuous outcome variable. My understanding is that when an independent variable is categorical, it is not an issue.
1. But when I have a mediator (parental aspiration: university and above=1) that is categorical, should I specify so using the command "categorical="?
2. When I have an independent variable, that is controlled by another variable, should I also specify it as categorical? (For example, in modelling single parent->income->child's achievement, I also model parent's education->single parent to control for selection bias. In such case, should I specify single parent as categorical?)
I ask, as I see that the coefficients change dramatically whether I specify the variable as categorical or not.
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Thursday, March 19, 2015 - 6:02 am
You should specify the scale of any endogenous dependent variable that you want to treat other than as continuous. The scale of observed exogenous variables should not be specified.
Marie Alice
posted on Thursday, March 19, 2015 - 6:39 pm
Thank you for response.
So for that path (pointing into a dichotomous variable), I should interpret the coefficient as a logit coefficient, whereas all other variables (pointing into continuous variables) are regression coefficients?
Linda K. Muthen
posted on Friday, March 20, 2015 - 8:28 am
With WLSMV, you obtain a probit regression coefficient for a categorical dependent variable. With ML, you obtain a logistic regression coefficient for a categorical dependent variable as the default. You can request a probit regression coefficient using the LINK option.
Linear regression coefficients are obtained for continuous dependent variables.
thanoon younis
posted on Monday, March 23, 2015 - 2:14 am
Hi Dr. Muthen
I want to ask you about path analysis with ordered categorical variables. I have 6 independent variables (ordered categorical) treated as exogenous variables and 2 dependent variables (endogenous var.) one of them is mediator. My question now how can i analysis this type of path analysis when the dependent variables are latent variables and the independent vars. are ordered categorical and can i use probit regression on indep. vars. and put a zero variables in latent vars.
many thanks in advance
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Monday, March 23, 2015 - 1:55 pm
Don't put IVs on your categorical list; that should be done only to DVs.
Apart from that, your setting is standard SEM.
thanoon younis
posted on Monday, March 23, 2015 - 7:16 pm
Many thanks to you for your response i want to ask you what about latent variables now are a dependent variables so can i put a zero values for that?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Monday, March 23, 2015 - 8:38 pm
With latent variables as dependent variables you use regular linear regression even though the DV is latent. I don't know what you mean by putting a zero value for that.
thanoon younis
posted on Monday, March 23, 2015 - 9:42 pm
because and as you know the latent variables are unobserved so there is no values for these variables. can i put a zero's matrix for these variables.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Tuesday, March 24, 2015 - 8:49 am
What is your aim - what is it that you are trying to do?
thanoon younis
posted on Tuesday, March 24, 2015 - 8:48 pm
Thank you for your response
I want to estimate the parameters of path analysis using Bayesian inference but i cannot leave the latent variables without any values. Can i use zero's matrix for that?
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, March 25, 2015 - 7:34 am
I still don't understand what you are doing. If you want to estimate a model with latent variables you don't need to give the latent variables values.
sh wong
posted on Thursday, May 14, 2015 - 9:03 am
Hi, I'm trying to run path analysis with one dichotomous dependent variable and few continuous dependent variables similar to example 3.14.
1. May I know which part of output should I refer to for the path coefficients?
2. What kind of R-square is it and how can I interpret it?
3. Can I have a equation similar to running a multiple linear regression of continuous variables, such as u1 = coeff1(y1) + coeff2(y2) + coeff3 (x1) + coeff4 (x2) + coeff5 (x3) ?
Thank you very much.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Thursday, May 14, 2015 - 10:56 am
You can learn about these matters in our Topic 2 short course video and handout on our website. Short answers (but these Q & A's is not the way to learn about this topic).
1. The ON statements.
2. R-square for the continuous latent response variable u1* for the DV u1.
3. Yes for u1*.
sh wong
posted on Friday, May 15, 2015 - 8:44 am
Thanks very much Dr. Muthen. May I ask further for I'm a beginner in statistical modelling.
1. Should I base on the StdYX Estimate column under standardized model results section for the path coefficients ?
2. Base on the standardized model results, I can generate the equation with the StdYX Estimate:
u1* = coeff1(y1) + coeff2(y2) + coeff4 (x2).
But how can I find the corresponding coefficients when all the variables are included, i.e.
u1* = coeff1(y1) + coeff2(y2) + coeff3 (x1) + coeff4 (x2) + coeff5 (x3)
Which output setting should I make to generate the results? Please also correct me if my understanding on the above is wrong.
Thank you very much.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Friday, May 15, 2015 - 5:43 pm
1. Not for predicting u1*.
2. Mplus does not provide individual estimated u* values. Typically one doesn't look at them.
You may want to ask these types of questions on SEMNET.
sh wong
posted on Friday, May 15, 2015 - 7:47 pm
Thank you. I would post the questions on SEMNET then. Thanks.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Saturday, May 16, 2015 - 8:07 am
And you really want to study our Topic 2 course on our website because it gives many of the answers.
sh wong
posted on Sunday, May 17, 2015 - 9:39 am
Thanks Dr. Muthen. I've studied the topic 2 course and that helps cleared some of my questions. In Mplus, I understand that WLSMV is the default estimator. However, when I try using ML estimation which uses logit regression, no model fit indices of Chi-2, RMSEA, CFI, SRMR, etc could be found. Since I want to do a path analysis and to test the model fit, is it a must to use WLSMV? If so, how should I interpret WRMR as it seems some posts mentioned WRMR is experiential and not good for results reporting.
Also, I'm not sure if appropriate to ask here, but when I try using LISREL with ML estimation (with u1 marked as categorical), it can still give model fit indices of Chi-2, RMSEA, CFI, NNFI, SRMR, etc. Do you have any idea on the difference between Mplus and LISREL regarding the ML estimation in path analysis?
Thank you very much.
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Monday, May 18, 2015 - 12:37 pm
With ML for categorical outcomes there are no generally accepted overall tests of model fit available because the model is not a covariance structure model as with continuous outcomes. Instead of fitting a covariance matrix, you work with raw data. but you can check TECH10 for testing of pairs of variables and you can also test neighboring, nested models. And you can specify a saturated model and then use Model Test to check if some coefficients are zero.
The difference between LISREL and Mplus in this regard is explained in Web Note 4, where I argue against the LISREL approach.
Alissa Mahler
posted on Tuesday, April 12, 2016 - 5:29 pm
I am running a cross-lag model with both a continuous and dichotomous observed variables, using the WLSMV estimator.
I am having some trouble deciding what coefficients to use and how to interpret the findings. For example:
R1 and R2 = dichotomous
E1 and E2 = continuous
So, my syntax would be something like:
R2 on R1 E1;
E2 on R1 E1;
I am assuming I can interpret the continuous regression as I would any standardized regression coefficient, but I am unclear how to interpret the regression with the dichotomous DV (R2 ON R1 E1). With a dichotomous DV I would typically use an odds ratio, so I do not really understand how to interpret the stdyx coefficients or what would be appropriate to report. Would it be possible to get an odds ratio instead? Any assistance would be greatly appreciated!
Bengt O. Muthen
posted on Wednesday, April 13, 2016 - 4:21 pm
WLSMV uses probit so odds ratios are essentially out of the picture.
ML uses logit so you can work with odds ratios. But you may get slower computations due to many dimensions of integration - try it.
With WLSMV you can use the standardized results and for binary outcomes they refer to a continuous latent response variable behind the binary observed.
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text: £1.7-million scheme to save energy and reduce carbon footprint approved. Cabinet members at St. Helens Council have approved a £1.7-million scheme to save on energy costs and improve the carbon footprint. The council operates 23,500 street lights and the energy consumption costs have risen from £457,875 in 2002/3 to £1.301-million last year. The new project will save £212,000 a year. The council already leads an award winning partnership with three other European local councils to look at ways to reduce street lighting energy costs. The project aims to reduce the amount of energy consumed by street lighting by using new technologies which will also achieve significant reductions in carbon dioxide emissions. St.Helens partners in the BLISS project (Better Lighting in Sustainable Streets) are Eindhoven, Interleuven and Kaiserslautern. The latest project proposes to: Replace lights with new 'white light' energy efficiency technology on main roads and residential streets More low energy LED units to be installed in existing columns Using more reflective road signs and removal of non-essential lit signs Improvements to town centres and car parking areas to better control energy use Councillor Richard McCauley, Cabinet Member for Environmental Protection and Safer Communities said: "The council is committed to reducing the carbon footprint and doing all it can to keep costs down as we continue to lose millions of pounds in government grant. If we do nothing we will be paying much higher energy costs in the future."

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Current AnnouncementsFROM: HEART RE: Looking for a FALL Graduate Assistantship?????
Sent: 5/8/2014 10:12:14 AM
To: Students, Faculty, Staff
The Health and Wellness Education Center is looking for qualified applicants to fill the
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Fall 2014
20 hours per week / 300 hours per semester
We need an exceptional student who:
ü Has excellent computer skills
ü Website experience
ü Can work independently and in groups
ü Has good leadership skills
ü Has a positive personality!
Please email your resume to email@example.com


text:
To give a boost to the interstate north-south connectivity between states, the Haryana government on Friday signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with IVRCL Assets and Holding Limited for Development of the Rs 1,605-crore Rai Malikpur-Narnaul-Mahendergarh-Dadri-Bhiwani-Kharak corridor in the state.
The corridor will be 151 km long and is likely to be completed within two-and-a-half years.
Chief Secretary P K Chaudhery said, Chief Minister Bhupinder Singh Hooda had been monitoring the project and as a result of his efforts, the project reached this stage in minimum possible time. The corridor will serve as a major inter-state North-South connectivity between Rajasthan, Gujarat and Maharashtra to northern states such as Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Haryana. The road was of immense importance because of the presence of stone quarries in its vicinity. Trucks carrying stone aggregates and boulders ply on this road to supply construction materials to different sites in Mahendragarh, Rohtak and other districts.
Explaining the details of the project, Additional Chief Secretary, PWD (B&R), S C Chaudhary said, The project involves widening from two lane to four lane divided carriageway starting from Rajasthan border to Nangal Choudhary, Narnaul, Mahendragarh, Dadri, Bhiwani up to Kharak.
The project also includes construction of 12 minor bridges and 154 culverts. Besides, 62 bus lay byes, six truck lay byes and 5-km service roads will be provided to facilitate traffic. The proposal of construction of road over bridges (ROBs) had also been approved by railways. It was expected that the government would earn a revenue of Rs 485 crore from the premium to be paid by the concessionaire up to the end of the concession period, Chaudhary added.


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A new vaccine that protects against cervical cancer has set up a clash between health advocates who want to use the shots aggressively to...
WASHINGTON — A new vaccine that protects against cervical cancer has set up a clash between health advocates who want to use the shots aggressively to prevent thousands of malignancies and social conservatives who say immunizing teenagers could encourage sexual activity.
Although the vaccine will not become available until next year at the earliest, activists on both sides have begun maneuvering to influence how widely the immunizations will be employed.
Groups working to reduce the toll of the cancer are eagerly awaiting the vaccine and want it to become part of the standard roster of shots that children, especially girls, receive just before puberty.
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Because the vaccine protects against a sexually transmitted virus, many conservatives oppose making it mandatory, citing fears that it could send a subtle message condoning sexual activity before marriage. Several leading groups that promote abstinence are meeting this week to formulate official policies on the vaccine.
Officials from the companies developing the shots — Merck & Co. and GlaxoSmithKline — have been meeting with advocacy groups to try to assuage their concerns.
The jockeying reflects the growing influence that social conservatives have gained on a broad spectrum of policy issues under the Bush administration. In this case, a former member of the conservative group Focus on the Family serves on the federal panel that is playing a pivotal role in deciding how the vaccine is used.
"What the Bush administration has done has taken this coterie of people and put them into very influential positions in Washington," said James A. Morone Jr., a professor of political science at Brown University. "And it's having an effect in debates like this."
The vaccine protects women against strains of a ubiquitous germ called the human papilloma virus. Although many strains of the virus are innocuous, some can cause cancerous lesions on the cervix (the outer end of the uterus), making them the primary cause of this cancer in the United States. Cervical cancer strikes more than 10,000 U.S. women each year, killing more than 3,700.
The vaccine appears to be virtually 100 percent effective against two of the most common cancer-causing HPV strains. Merck, whose vaccine is further along, plans to ask the Food and Drug Administration by the end of the year for approval to sell the shots.
Exactly how the vaccine is used will be largely determined by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a panel of experts assembled by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.
The panel issues widely followed guidelines, including recommendations for childhood vaccines that become the basis for vaccination requirements set by public schools.
Officials of both companies noted that research indicates the best age to vaccinate would be just before puberty, to make sure young people are protected before they become sexually active. The vaccine would probably be targeted primarily at girls but could also be used on boys to limit the spread of the virus.
"If you really want to have cervical-cancer rates fall as much as possible as quickly as possible, then you want as many people to get vaccinated as possible," said Mark Feinberg, Merck's vice president of medical affairs and policy, noting that "school mandates have been one of the most effective ways to increase immunization rates."
That is a view being pushed by cervical-cancer experts and women's health advocates.
"I would like to see it that if you don't have your HPV vaccine, you can't start high school," said Juan Carlos Felix of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, who leads the National Cervical Cancer Coalition's medical advisory panel.
At the ACIP meeting last week, panel members heard presentations about the pros and cons of vaccinating girls at various ages.
A survey of 294 pediatricians presented at the meeting found that more than half were worried that parents of female patients might refuse the vaccine, and 11 percent of the doctors said they thought vaccinating against a sexually transmitted disease "may encourage risky sexual behavior in my adolescent patients."
Conservative groups say they welcome the vaccine as an important public-health tool but oppose making it mandatory.
"Some people have raised the issue of whether this vaccine may be sending an overall message to teenagers that we expect you to be sexually active," said Dr. Reginald Finger, who served as a medical analyst for Focus on the Family before being appointed to the ACIP in 2003.
"There are people who sense that it could cause people to feel like sexual behaviors are safer if they are vaccinated and may lead to more sexual behavior because they feel safe," said Finger, emphasizing that he does not endorse that position and is withholding judgment until the issue comes before the vaccine policy panel for a formal recommendation.
Conservative medical groups have been fielding calls from concerned parents and organizations, officials said.
"I've talked to some who have said, 'This is going to sabotage our abstinence message,' " said Gene Rudd, associate executive director of the Christian Medical and Dental Associations.
But Rudd said most people change their minds once they learn more, adding that he would probably want his children immunized. Rudd, however, draws the line at making the vaccine mandatory.
"Parents should have the choice. There are those who would say, 'We can provide a better, healthier alternative than the vaccine, and that is to teach abstinence,' " Rudd said.
Both companies said they have been working to alleviate the concerns by meeting with groups across the political spectrum.
Alan Kaye, executive director of the National Cervical Cancer Coalition, likened the vaccine to wearing a seat belt.
"Just because you wear a seat belt doesn't mean you're seeking out an accident," Kaye said.


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The Kiss Seen Around the World
this wiki
The Kiss Seen Around the World
Pearl gets a job at the local TV station.
Season: 3 Episode: 8
Total Episode Count: 36
Prod. no.: 3ACX02
Featuring: Pearl Krabs, Meil Goldman
Also Appearing: Abe Vigoda, Hugh Downs, Holden Caulfield, Bob Bobber, Diane Winsky, Plankton, Christopher Columbus, Charlie the Bully, Mass Media Murderer, Nort Goldman, Nuriel Goldman, Mr. Lazenby, Principal Shepard, Elmer Forrest, Mayor Johnny East, Al Calavicc
Plot: Channel 5 announces thay want two high school interns, and Pearl, who has a crush on news anchor Bob Bobber, applies and is selected (only because Barbara considered the other girls to be too pretty).; The other intern turns out to be Meil Goldman, who himself has a crush on Pearl, though Pearl finds him repulsive. When the Mass Media Murder threatens to kill Hugh Downs atop City Hall, Bob and Barbara decide to send the interns to cover the event (rather than go themselves, thinking that the Murderer will kill anyone who arrives at the scene). The news copter is shot down. Fearing death and lamenting that she never got her first kiss, Pearl kisses Meil, but Hugh Downs captures the Mass Media Murderer. That very night Meil puts the kiss on the news.
The next day, Meil gives everyone at school a T-shirt showing the kiss,and that evening Pearl has to suffer through a dinner with his parents.
In return, Pearl goes on TV to declare she hates Meil Goldman, and that she only kissed him because she thought she was going to die. She then conducts on-the-street interviews, asking if anyone would kiss Meil. No one would; even when Pearl shows a picture of Meil to his father, he sheilds his eyes in disgust. She declares that she never liked him, and never will.
A despondent Meil threatens to jump off the City Hall roof. Pearl's image of Bob Bobber is shattered when she realizes he dosen't want to save Meil, but just get a funny story for ratings. Meil falls, but Pearl breaks his fall. She tells him just because she dosen't like him, it dosen't mean she wants him to kill himself. However, Meil said he never wanted to kill himself. At that moment, a guy calls him a phony.
Meanwhile, SpongeBob and Sandy buy Plankton a tricycle, which Plankton loves. A bully steals Plankton's tricycle. He gets no helpfrom the police and, when he attempts to bulk up to fight the bully, a gym just tries to hard-shell him a membership. In retaliation, Plankton captures the bully with a net launcher and ties him up in the basement to interrogate him. Finally, Sandy returns the tricycle, which she found abandoned on the street.
- Disc gun
- Grease monkey
- Christopher Columbus
- The title card shows a close up on Pearl's face.
- All non-English-language versions of this episode use a different title card.
- TV-14 (Nick@Nite)


text:
Sunset Beach #3 – End Unit with some views + Private outside area
The Sunset Beach #3 (queen bed Nova memory foam mattress and gel pillows) end unit with some views being only steps away from the beach. Bathroom has a large tiled walk-in shower . The Sunset beach #3 offer a private outside area 18' x 32' for your private use. Your self-contained kitchen, eating and sitting area allows a couple or individual to relax and dine inside on a table for 4. Your sitting area provides you with a comfy sofa,(queen size pull-out with Nova memory foam topper) to relaxing after a day at the beach. Your beach level unit can be cooled by trade wind breezes and hunter ceiling fans by day and/or night. If you prefer air conditioning in your unit, no worries... you will have an air conditioner in your bedroom that can cool your unit. You will not be charged for the comfort of air conditioning UNLESS you leave windows and or doors opened while in use! Your small covered front porch provides you with shade by day, while relaxing at your café style table and chairs.
Click Here to Reserve
Sunset beach level offers:
Thank you for visiting our web pages.
Email - firstname.lastname@example.com or use our convenient reservations form


text:
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Odysea Roasted Aubergine Imam, 340g
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Perfect to serve as an appetiser, accompaniment or as part of a meze platter.
Best before: 01/12/2015.
Product Code ODA10
|Delivery & Returns
We hope you will be thrilled with your purchases but in the unlikely event that you want to return something, you can find full return instructions on the back of your delivery note or click here


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Calgary's Poynt Intends to Triple Userbase to 40 Million This Year
In 2010, Calgary's Poynt had less than five million users and just $1 million in revenue. Last year, Poynt more than doubled its userbase to nearly 13 million, and boosted its revenue 139% to $2.4 million. And this year, the Canadian company says that and it could more than triple its userbase to 40 million.
"In 2011, we achieved record revenues, more than double over 2010, which was driven by increased user adoption and our monetization efforts," said Andrew Osis, CEO, Poynt Corp. "In fact, we added more than 7.5 million users in 2011, and through our partnership with timesCity (Times Internet Limited of India), we expanded into India, one of the largest mobile markets in the world.
"Entering 2012, we continued to experience tremendous user adoption across multiple platforms and geographies, especially in India, where timesPoynt has seen a 766% increase in unique users since the beginning of the year. This adoption rate clearly reflects our focus on expanding Poynt's feature set with user relevant content, as well as adding engaging capabilities that promote daily use.
"Our global user growth has in part been driven by greater awareness of the Poynt brand resulting from our targeted marketing efforts and on-device offerings. Through both geographic expansion and new preload agreements, our position in the mobile application space is strengthening.
"We expect to exceed 40 million users by the end of 2012, including 20 million new users from our China Joint Venture. We expect this scale to broaden our revenue streams and allow us to target a cash flow positive state by year's end, which could be further strengthened by the initial monetization of our expanding IP portfolio. Additionally, the Company expects to issue an update with respect to activities relating to the China Joint Venture in the near future."


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Image depicts a marijuana leaf set behind a Colorado State License plate. The text says: "It's always 4:20 Mountain Time!"
This great custom product in sun yellow from our department Men and T-Shirt category can be printed just for you in the size and style you like. The design Colorado: It's always 4:20 Mountain Time! was created by Kricket Kountry and uploaded to Spreadshirt for you to have printed on a T-Shirt. Next to a host of other great customized designs, you can find this Colorado: It's always 4:20 Mountain Time! design in Spreadshirt's States category. If you are interested in topics like Kricket Kountry or Pot, then you'll love Colorado: It's always 4:20 Mountain Time! designs by Kricket Kountry. Spreadshirt also offers a huge selection of custom t-shirts, hoodies and accessories for the category States as well as top colorado clothing. Kricket Kountry's designs have already impressed many of our customers, so we are sure that we've got right stuff for you! Spreadshirt is your destination for great designs of all kinds – whether it's Kricket Kountry, Pot or colorado. We are sure that you will find something nice in our shop, there are many amazing custom States t-shirts, hoodies, or accessories for you to find! Tags: Design ID: 12233759
Did you know? Every one of the designers here at KRICKET KOUNTRY TEES is a totally IMAGINARY person! We are all CHARACTERS, each and every one of us, fictional characters in fact, in a soon to be released set of five eBooks! And though we are NOT real, within our books we design these REAL shirts and sell them here on the internet, and at our local high school and college, and we use the profits to buy web domains, paper, computer ink and all of the little items needed to write a book like these! My name is Colleen O'Farrell. I am 18 years old, and I am chief designer here at KRICKET KOUNTRY TEES. Though I am an imaginary person, I can do magic the likes of which you cannot even imagine, and together Trisk, and Ahnna and Elyshae and Tommy and Quindarra and all of the others here are struggling to save you...and to save your world! Buy our shirts...support our cause...and the more you buy, the faster the books will be finished and published! Thank you!!
Magic,charity,poetry, story telling, and art.
PAPA The Man - The Myth - The Legend Designed by PhLong
tardis T-Shirts Designed by killakam
Millennium Falcon Blueprint Designed by Mackentee
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This premium t-shirt is as close to perfect as can be. It's optimized for all types of print and will quickly become your favorite t-shirt. Soft, comfortable and durable, this is a definite must-own and a Spreadshirt recommended product.
still to fill


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We make substantial investments in being able to deliver the best to our customers. And we've worked long and hard to build our solid reputation and track recorMore
$25 mil. - $50 mil.in Revenue
100 - 250EmployeesContact people at this company
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Custom Software & Technical ConsultingSoftwareTelephony & WirelessMore
5343 Dundas Street West Suite 400EtobicokeOntarioM9B 6K5Canadaview map
(866) 801-8236(800) 340-4919Fax
ProPub_Iteration_NT.411[02] SEIDXWK-23


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Game Of Thrones, March Madness And 10 Other Reasons To Watch TV In March
By K. West, J. Carp, L. Kasperowicz, J. Rawden, M. Rawden 3 years ago comments
The Voice returns!
For the past three seasons, The Voice has been NBCs ratings darling, bringing in viewers across different age demographics. However, this season the series faces its first big challenge: veteran judges Christina Aguilera and Cee Lo Green have left the show for at least a season and have been replaced by Usher and Shakira. I cannot wait to see how the new judges will adjust to their swiveling red chairs, as well as see how the power dynamics between the four judges is or isnt thrown off balance thanks to the two newbies.
Returning judges Adam Levine and Blake Shelton have emerged over the first three seasons as the most skilled and competent of the group, with one or the other winning each season. In theory, against two new judges who maybe wont be as aware of what to look for, the two men should continue to dominate, but in practice, some new perspectives might bring some much-needed balance to the show. Well see how everything plays out when The Voice premieres on March 25 at 8 p.m. ET.
Revolution ended the first portion of its season on a good note in the ratings, but also at a high point in the series. Weve spent some time waiting to see what might happen when the Matheson clan fully unites and it looks like that will be happening when NBCs hit drama returns to the schedule on March 25 at 10 p.m. ET.
Being Human's final episode of Season 3 is "If I Only Had a Raw Brain." It's a little too soon to tell, but previews for the next new episode suggests a potential zombie twist for Sally, which might be an advance clue to the finale's title. Either way, it's probably not a stretch to predict big things for the Season 3 finale when it airs later in the month. If Season 2's closer put Josh and Sally back to human, will Season 3 turn them back into a werewolf and ghost respectively? We'll find out March 25 when the finale airs on Syfy.
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text:
Lizards Rapidly Evolve After Introduction to Island
Italian wall lizards introduced to a tiny island off the coast of Croatia are evolving in ways that would normally take millions of years to play out, new research shows.
In just a few decades the 5-inch-long (13-centimeter-long) lizards have developed a completely new gut structure, larger heads, and a harder bite, researchers say.
Entire article can be found on National Geographic website...
Fascinating. Eh?
I am not going to paste the entire article... You can read it for yourself.
Of course, in general, I'm not very friendly towards invasive species, since they have a tendency to create huge problems for the local ecosystems, but this time, I think I'm willing to look the other way because of the implications of these rapid changes in that species.
Amazing, really. It may give some really big insights as to how evolution works, as well as perhaps shoot a new, shiny big hole in creationist arguments.
You can see the same thing in amphibians over the course of only a few generations. Feed the insects you feed the amphibian carrots, the boost of beta carotene will cause the amphibian's skin to take on more red tones. For example, a yellow frog will appear more orange, a red pattern on a green frog will appear more vibrant. The offspring retain the bright colors after only a few generations without being fed the extra beta carotene. It's a relatively small genetic mutation but it's still an evolution process you can WATCH. Uber.
Oh they also make a special fish flake that basically allows the same thing, but I haven't ever experimented with that.


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|Another Pleasant Non Rev Trip On UA posted Fri Aug 23 2002 04:24:16 by Jayhup
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|Air Canada Non-rev Upgrade Policy posted Thu Aug 17 2006 06:27:43 by Don
|Non Rev Benefits On QX posted Sun Jan 15 2006 22:37:22 by Flyboy80
|Non-rev Travel On El Al posted Fri Aug 26 2005 23:52:22 by Captover
|Non-rev Help On KL And/or JL. posted Thu Aug 11 2005 02:55:22 by Diesel33
|Non-Rev Listing On AZ posted Mon Jun 20 2005 21:33:27 by Bobnwa
|Free Non Rev Flights On United? posted Wed Mar 16 2005 19:05:40 by Panaman
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Top Definition
Former officer of the best Runescape clan in the game (Tal_Shiar) but now reject quitter who returns when PK Masters give him sexual favors to have him war for them. He is also known as a horrible tanker.
Wouldn't having someone as great as Psi be your tank instead of that reject Lord Troyus?!
by Taraka2 August 25, 2008


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Domain Verification FailedWe had trouble fetching the file from your server. Please make sure it's accessible. You might want to monitor your access logs to make sure our request is making it there.Step 1: Create an Empty Verification FileFile Name:kEeEQd47I3968AojMG7dZA--.htmlStep 2: Upload Verification FileServer to Verify:ciramudya.byethost32.comUrl to check:http://ciramudya.byethost32.com/kEeEQd47I3...ojMG7dZA--.htmlPlace the file you created in step 1 at the document root of this server.
Hi nick,I think the issue that you are experiencing has to do with your favicon URL. The dashboard system validates that the URL is correct and if the picture does not exist it will throw that generic error message. Since your favicon link is broken, this could be the issue. Try removing the favicon link all together and then try verifying again please.- Jon
Hi nick,I just tried loading up the files for both the application URL you provided and the verification file and neither loaded. When loading up your root domain http://www.minik.tw I receive an "unable to connect" message. That is most likely the cause of the problem if it cannot verify.- Jon
Nick, unfortunately I cannot set or provide that information.- Jon
It seems the domain verification step is failing when I try to register for a API key to use the Contact API.The empty file for verification exists here:http://hotlunchonline.net/SKzqDNpALjp.rw09BPY3Gw--.htmlAny insight to why this is failing would be greatly appreciated!Thanks,Eric
Hi, could you please have a look at http://developer.yahoo.net/forum/index.php?showtopic=2597 as well - experiencing exactly the same problem! CheersMichael
Application Name: Testing Wretch APIKind of Application: Web-basedDescription: Just for testingApplication URL: http://shihhung.byethost7.com/apps/index.phpApplication Domain: http://shihhung.byethost7.com
File Name: ZzA.ZjVaZCIMk0qoXV.emg--.html
.... APACHE LOG FILE from last attempt:22.214.171.124 - - [10/Mar/2010:17:56:21 -0500] "GET /C5SyXhp6Yj_Uq7x9JB9cQA--.html?r=1620173733 HTTP/1.1" 200 1 "-" "-"18.104.22.168 - - [10/Mar/2010:17:56:21 -0500] "GET /favicon.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 135 "-" "-"Two successful file accesses yet I still received:Domain Verification FailedThere was an internal error while an application is being created. Please try again.Please correct this.Also please note that I had NO PROBLEM verifying the very same domain through Developer.Yahoo.com (when not trying to obtain an API key)Thanks for your help.Jay
i provided full details on
but unable to create project to get api key for my importing contacts
in General Discussion at YDN


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BB had an amazing early run with the Patriot's thanks in large part to the greatness of Tom Brady. But all good things come to an end. I am embarrassed to be a fan and Kraft should be ashamed of what's going on in his house.
We have all witnessed poor coaching and horrible personal decisions over the past ½ decade. We have now become thug central and the landing spot for low character players.
BB has used up the last of his House Money with me and now I believe it's time to move in a different direction. Bring on the Haters


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Olympian Sumit Sangwan (81kg) and Vikash Malik (60kg) fought through intense bouts to enter the pre-quarterfinals but Mandeep Jangra (69kg) bowed out after a stiff second-round contest on a mixed day for India in the World Boxing Championships here today.
While Sumit stunned ninth seed Petru Ciobanu of Moldova 2-1, Vikash got the better of Poland's Dawid Michelus by a similar margin to be just two wins away from ensuring a medal.
Vikash opened the day for India and registered a hard-fought win over Michelus. Michelus won the opening round unanimously but the Indian came back strongly to clinch the second.
In the intensely-contested final three minutes, Michelus began to lose the plot and ended up getting warned for head-butting and evasive tactics. That tilted the scales in Vikash's favour, handing him the victory.
"It was a close bout no doubt but Vikash played aggressively and this win will definitely boost his morale. In the third round, Michelus was cautioned several times for his tactics but when he didn't relent then he was warned," national coach Gurbax Singh Sandhu told PTI.
Vikash will face fifth seed Miklos Varga of Hungary in the last-16 stage on Tuesday.
Next up was Olympian Sumit and he continued his ascending march by stunning Ciobanu of Moldova.
"Sumit also endured a tough bout. The other guy was a southpaw and very tough. But Sumit used his uppercuts to good effect and strategised well in all the three rounds," said Sandhu.
Sumit will now face eighth seed Siarhei Novikau of Belarus in the pre-quarters tomorrow.
Mandeep Jangra (69kg) then took the ring against Serdar Hudaberdiyev of Turkmenistan and even he held a slender one-point lead after the opening round but a warning cost him dearly in the next.
"Mandeep's opponent sustained a cut in the second round and Mandeep was warned after this and it was difficult to come back after that," Sandhu said.
Yesterday late in the evening session, national champion Satish Kumar (+91kg) also booked a prequarters berth when he defeated Tajikistan's Mirodzhidin Karimov 3-0 in the opening round. Satish will face Belarus' Yan Sudzilouski in the next round.
With this, the number of Indian boxers in the pre-quarters has gone up to eight after Asian Games silver-medallist Manpreet Singh (91kg), Commonwealth Games champion Manoj Kumar (64kg), former Asian Championships silver-medallist Thokchom Nanao Singh (49kg) and reigning Asian champion Shiva Thapa (56kg) ensured their respective last-16 berths.
Of the eight, Nanao, Shiva, Manpreet and Manoj will


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And so begins the old debate about the merits of sticking to the tried and true versus musical progression. What it really comes down to is that those bands that sucked to begin with and "stay the course" continue to suck for all eternity. Then you've got juggernauts like BOLT THROWER, OBITUARY, and JUNGLE ROT. The groove-based death metal style was beloved from the start and continued to be so on future albums. Such is the case with war mongers JUNGLE ROT on its sixth studio album, "War Zone". A few of the names have changed, but the attack remains true to form.Though the slight hardcore bent that characterized 2004's "Fueled by Hate" is present, the new platter possesses a meaner edge and dirtier death metal covering, in some ways reminiscent of 2001's "Dead and Buried". Mainman, guitarist, and vocalist Dave Matrise once again convinces with his decipherable growl, punctuated to great effect by brief blood-curdling screams. And yes, the topics of war and battle carnage are the lyrical order of the day. What would you expect? The death grooves at first blush appeal somewhat rudimentary. Then again, needless technicality has never defined the band. However, more thought has gone into the compositions than may be immediately apparent, and the delivery is skillfully tight. Whether it is well-placed bouts of kick drum pummel and rhythmic nuance, or the deceptively accomplished chords that pop up periodically, the boys understand their sound and refine it even further here. In fact, "Killing Spree" closes the album with one of the more dynamic arrangements I've heard from the quartet. Ominous chords and doom-laden picking are interrupted with rapid-fire bursts. "Victims of Violence" and the monstrous "Territoriality" are up-tempo and impossible to experience without succumbing to a little neck-snapping action. As always, several tunes stand out due to an immediately catchy quality, "Ready for War", "Cut in Two", and "Savage Rite" the three that come first to mind. We need bands like JUNGLE ROT and the aforementioned heavyweights to keep reminding us that groove-based bludgeon is as important in death metal as technical savagery. "War Zone" is a fine example of the form.
"War Zone"
01. Victims of Violence
02. Cut in Two
03. Savage Rite
04. They Gave Their Lives
05. Strong Shall Survive
06. Decapitated
07. Ready for War
08. Ambushed
09. Fight for Life
10. Territoriality
11. Killing Spree
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Helen Mirren hides awardsDame Helen Mirren no longer puts her awards on display, instead consigning them to a life in the attic.
The acclaimed actress has won a host of prizes throughout her career, including the Lifetime Achievement prize at the Women in Film and TV Awards last week, but has stopped showing them off at her home.
The Oscar-winning actress said: "I have had so many funny ones over the years.
"I won Best Actress at the Rio Film Festival which doesn't exist anymore so it's probably a collector's item.
"But now I have put them in the attic to be discovered when I'm gone."
The 64-year-old star has won a huge number of awards throughout her career, including various Emmys and BAFTAs.
However, it was her role as Queen Elizabeth II in 'The Queen' in 2007 that saw her pick up her first Academy Award, after two previous nominations.
Have an question? Get it answered by AskMen's guyQ.


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If I didn't already know better, I would say it was some kind of inverse Tourette's Syndrome. Or perhaps a city-wde case of hysterical blindness. Actually, maybe thats what is is.
UPDATE: SDAMATT found a CBC clip which actually represents the real events as they happened without, as far as I know, sanitizing them for the usual leftist-Islamic, PC agenda. I am in shock. SUN TV must have them nervous if they have to actually resort to the truth now and again.


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A friend of mine sent me this historically-minded music video that a student of her husband's brought to class recently. While I don't follow Lady Gaga's career all that closely, I'm fascinated by the visual details in this production. They were clearly based on some of the photographs and ephemera of the woman suffrage movement which are preserved at the Library of Congress.
For example, compare the picketing scene in the video to this photograph from the LoC collection:
I'm also reminded of Katja von Garnier's Iron Jawed Angels (HBO, 2004) which used anachronistic music to great effect as part of the soundtrack to tell the story of Alice Paul and the National Woman's Party. It remains one of my favorite popular-culture uses of the struggle for female suffrage, which doesn't gloss over the internal fissures along age, class, and race lines.
Do you have any favorite depictions of the suffrage movement (in the U.S. or elsewhere) in popular culture? Share 'em in comments!


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Weekend Preview: Top Events 9/29-10/2
The San Diego Film Festival is the star of this weekend's entertainment lineup, treating our city to five days and nights of premieres and parties, paired with exhilarating celebrity sightings. But there are plenty of exciting activities taking place outside the Gaslamp Theatre, too.
For the club-minded, get your party on with the EC Twins at FLUXX and Brody Jenner at Stingaree. For the festival-seekers, be first to experience the StreetBeat Block Party in Little Italy, sip in style during the La Jolla Art & Wine Festival, and bring the whole family to the Del Mar Taste & Art Stroll. And for electronic music fans, you won't want to miss DJ icon Tiesto at Valley View Casino Center. Work up an appetite? Not to worry, San Diego Restaurant Week is back for another round of foodie fun.
Discover this weekend's best San Diego events.
San Diego Film Festival at Gaslamp Theatre – 9/28 – 10/2
Celebrating its 10 year anniversary, the San Diego Film Festival returns to the Gaslamp Quarter, gifting us with five days and nights of film premieres, celebrity sightings, director panels, and after parties, September 28 through October 2. Just a few of the feature films include 50/50, East Fifth Bliss, Coriolanus, and The Pill, starring Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Seth Rogen, Lucy Liu, Gerard Butler, Michael C Hall and more.
EDM with EC Twins at FLUXX – 9/29
FLUXX presents an epic Electronic Dance Music party lineup this fall, featuring the EC Twins on Thursday, September 29. This stylish and eccentric British DJ duo definitely knows how to rock a dance floor. EDM features headliner EC Twins, along with opening sets by Sqyzmylyms, Dropset and DJ Decon.
Film Festival Industry Party at AIRR – 9/30
If you're dying to meet the stars and starlets of the film industry, don't miss the official Industry Party this Friday night at AIRR, hosted by your friends at DiscoverSD.com. During this high-energy soiree, you'll more than likely spot some of the actors and directors that helped create the very films that you viewed only hours before.
Brody Jenner Hosts Friday at Stingaree – 9/30
Brody Jenner is a reality TV star with ties to both "The Hills" and "Keeping Up with The Kardashians," who is now also known for dating Avril Lavigne. This weekend Brody is heading to San Diego to host the Friday night party at Stingaree, with entertainment by DJ Brett Bodley, DJ Decon, Cheyenne Giles and Craig Smoove, and a rooftop art show with Cory Schnitzer and Brandon Borenstein.
StreetBeat Block Party in Little Italy – 10/1
Anthology and KPRI present the inaugural StreetBeat Block Party this Saturday, October 1 – an outdoor music and arts festival taking place outside the supper club in Little Italy. Live bands performing across multiple stages include O.A.R., Gomez, Ximena Sarinana, The Silent Comedy and more. Enjoy live music, local art, food and craft beer on India Street between Ash and A.
La Jolla Art & Wine Festival in La Jolla – 10/1-2
Art, wine and music; a few of our favorite things collide in style during the La Jolla Art & Wine Festival, taking place this Saturday and Sunday along Gerard Avenue. Top local, regional, and international artists will display their work from San Diego, Los Angeles, Baja and beyond, while the extensive beer and wine garden, with more than 30 wineries and 12 local breweries, serves craft spirits in the street.
Del Mar Taste & Art Stroll in Del Mar Village – 10/2
This annual fall event features an array of restaurant booths, spirit vendors, and local artists displaying their work in the Del Mar Village. Known to be very family-friendly, the event also offers an interactive dog stroll, live entertainment, and free activities for children. Rediscover the beauty of Del Mar and embrace the flavors of fall.


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Upgraded to LR4 - now Nik Plugins (Silver Efex, Color Efex) not working?
Started Mar 10, 2012 | Discussions thread
Shop cameras & lenses ▾
TomHJ • Regular Member • Posts: 186
Re: Upgraded to LR4 - now Nik Plugins (Silver Efex, Color Efex) not working?
There is a known problem with the official release of LR 4.0 (that wasn't a problem in the beta) with the export editor. See
Adobe is aware of the problem, but hasn't yet indicated when it might be fixed. In the meantime, there are some registry fixes (for Windows) that have been developed by users....
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Boasting delectable local cheeses, succulent oysters complimented with freshly baked bread, meats, pates and more, Bramon Restaurant soothes the palate with seductive bubbly, still wines and decadent deserts.
Set in the vineyards overlooking the Tsitsikamma Mountains, bordered by The Elephant Sanctuary and mountainous area of the Crags, Bramon Restaurant entices languorous lunches within the heart of the vineyards graced by a seasonal menu bursting with fresh daily prepared ingredients.
Enjoy an inspiring and revitalising meal cooled by a fresh sea breeze and the gentle slopes of the Crags at this pioneering and award winning restaurant.
Cradled in the heart of Breede River Valley, perched along the shores of the Breede River, Goedverwacht Platters and Picnics awaken the senses with breathtaking scenery, picnic platters and homegrown wine.
Dine on a choice of scrumptious Mediterranean or quiche platters, with option of self-catered picnic and platter picnics available.
Goedverwacht invites a day of relaxation in stunning surrounds overlooking the beautiful vineyards and breathtaking scenery for an unforgettable day in the wine lands. Booking in advance is essential.
A restaurant called Heaven. Perched with a panoramic view of the Hemel-en-Aarde Valley, one will certainly feel as if one is in heaven, and with the culinary delights on offer, one will have a taste of heaven too.
The atmosphere and tranquil mood of the place it dominated by the stunning views of the valley. Guests will undoubtedly find themselves asking to be seated on the balcony with a glass of wine where one can just sit in awe of the surrounding beauty.
Heaven offers the best of fine food. The menu has a Mediterranean feel with a choice of breads that are baked daily. Steak lovers will fret over choices like the French with Camembert and black cherries; Italian with caramelized onions, buffalo mozzarella and pesto or Greek with caramelised onions, feta cheese and roasted tomatoes. The Pavlova and refreshing melon and ginger sorbets come highly recommended for those who can't live without pudding.
Heaven's menu changes every two weeks to ensure the inclusion of locally produced ingredients.
Heaven also hosts private functions.
Explosive flavours and subtle tastes are in juxtaposition when talking about Mangiare restaurant. The freshest produce is used, the freshest produce literally being herbs and vegetables from the garden. This beautiful restaurant is set in the vineyards with breathtaking views of the mountain and ocean.
Delicacies include imported summer truffles and parma ham - mouthwatering in itself. An a la carte menu is offered and changes every week to make the most of the seasonal ingredients. Try homemade ravioli, home-cured salmon, homemade gnocchi and risotto and finely sliced sirloin marinated in olive oil and presented on rocket.
A really good wine list is available and local, as well as French and Italian wines are served.
The service a great and the food unique, tasty and creative - add the beautiful setting and you've got a winner.
The interior is a Pandora's box, filled with surprises and dining areas brimming with character and inspiration.
Stylish table settings and a restored wine cellar makes for an unforgettable dining experience or alfresco in the charming garden setting.
The a la carte menu offers classic choices such as Oxtail, Lamb Shanks or Bobotie, while offering cosmopolitan choices such as pizzas, pasta and salads.
Decadent deserts tempt the palate with choices such as Gooseberry Cheesecake or Pistachio Crème Brulee.
Discover a culinary gem on Vredenheim Estate in Stellenbosch.
Salt of the Earth is a farmstall-type restaurant situated close to Camp Hill, in the Hemel en Aarde district.
Customers can sit inside of restaurant or on the patio; a blanket is offered if the weather is too cold.
Every last Sunday of the month they offer live music called Music of Yesterday. The restaurant is ideal for kids where they can run around in the veld and still be safe.
Enjoy the lovely farm-style breakfast that is a quite substantial meal, light meals or tea and cake. Choose from the daily specials and freshly prepared dishes.
Organically grown produce captures the flavours of country cuisine, direct from the garden complimented by intense and bold wines from Cloof estate.
The menu entices with butternut ravioli, tossed in burnt sage butter, rocket and pumpkin seeds and shaved parmesan or chicken Caesar salad layered with cos Lettuce, croutons, crispy bacon, Italian cheese and creamy lemon Garlic and anchovy dressing. Round off the meal with a decadent chocolate pudding bursting with liquid chocolate centered pudding.
Disccover all this and more at The Cloof Kitchen and wine farm every Tuesday to Sunday.


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Why Germany's Court Won't Kill the Bailout Fund
Political pressure, not constitutional principle, will guide the Court's hand.
At the highest level of judicial decision-making, law and politics are fused. This is a truth that the great American jurists Oliver Wendell Holmes and Karl Llewyllen articulated some time ago. Their wisdom is particularly apt this week as Germany's Constitutional Court begins hearings on whether to order a halt to German ratification of the European Stability Mechanism, the euro zone's permanent bailout fund, and the European Union fiscal pact.
The Court's judgment on these measures' constitutionality under Germany's Basic Law might not be handed down for three months. But Brussels policy makers should breathe easy: If the German Court's recent record of decisions on the euro crisis is indicative, the judges in Karlsruhe will rule with Berlin's rescue effort over constitutional principle.
Beginning in the early 1970s, the German Court has repeatedly affirmed the supremacy of Germany's constitutional rights over EU law. In its influential judgment on the Maastricht Treaty, the Court ruled that any further transfer of power to Brussels should be limited by the principles of democratic accountability, the need for parliamentary control and limited conferral. Additional law-making and political powers, the Court ruled, may be handed over to Brussels only if approved by the Bundestag.
The Court went further in its 2009 judgment on the Lisbon Treaty, ruling that as long as there is neither a recognizable European demos nor a shared European political culture, EU institutions must respect a minimum core of sovereignty that remains vested in national political institutions. But the Court did not spell out the specific mechanisms necessary for parliamentary control, nor the precise level of commitment at which control is effectively lost.
The Lisbon judgment was a warning shot issued against overly integrationist politicians. But like supreme courts everywhere, the German Court carefully avoided fettering its own discretion.
Still, when the European crisis hit, many nurtured hopes that the German Court might use these principles to strike down the various euro-rescue deals. These hopes have proved unfounded. In the first of three important euro-rescue judgments, handed down on Sept. 7, 2011, the Court rejected complaints that the European Financial Stability Facility and related measures entailed a sufficiently large financial commitment to threaten the Bundestag's budgetary autonomy.
This, despite the fact that the EFSF and related measures involved potential liabilities for Germany of around €170 billion, which have since risen to more than €211 billion and could rise further. The Court emphasized that the Bundestag was apprised of the sustainability of its financial commitments and the risks of default they could entail. The Court did, however, clarify that the government had to obtain the approval of the 41-member Bundestag's budget committee before it could offer any further guarantees to the rescue effort.
That was false comfort. The Bundestag's budget committee is composed of backbench parliamentarians, and the government of the day is normally guaranteed a majority. So the budget committee is no more likely to vote against its government than any parliament under most circumstances.
In its second major euro-crisis judgment, in February 2011, the Court found that key decisions such as Germany's participation in the EFSF must be approved by the Bundestag, and that it was unconstitutional to delegate all decisions related to the EFSF to a nine-member subcommittee of the budget committee, as the government had proposed to do. But it also ruled that in circumstances where EFSF activities required expedited and confidential review by the national parliament, delegation to "the smallest number of people" would be constitutional.
Finally, in a ruling last month, the Court affirmed the general duty of the German government to keep the Bundestag informed at an early stage of any euro-rescue negotiations, including on specific measures that were not urgent or confidential. The German government, the Court found, acted unconstitutionally when it did not release to the Bundestag final drafts of the ESM Treaty and other related treaties for up to several months.
How might the Court rule on the European Stability Mechanism and the fiscal pact? Germany's overall exposure would rise well beyond its current level of €704 billion if Germany ratifies the ESM, according to economist Hans-Werner Sinn. That figure includes German liabilities under the EFSF, additional liabilities arising from Germany's responsibility for any capital shortfall or debts of the European Central Bank and other EU institutions, and the Target 2 liabilities underwritten by the Bundesbank. It could rise even further if the ESM issues more bonds, as it would do if any of the weaker euro-zone states defaults or exits the euro zone.
Germany's current exposure to the euro-rescue funds amounts to roughly twice the size of its federal budget, and it could quickly rise to three or four times that amount. The ESM Treaty has been broken already, when euro-zone members agreed last month to use ESM funds for the direct rescue of Spanish and Italian banks, in direct breach of Article 3 of the Treaty.
These facts alone would give the Court powerful arguments for declaring the ESM Treaty unconstitutional. But the key issue in determining which way the judicial axe will fall is not whether there are valid legal arguments for declaring the Treaty unconstitutional—there plainly are—but whether the Court will be prepared to tread onto political territory where constitutional courts do not normally venture.
The German government has staked considerable political credibility on its euro-rescue plans. Five decades of almost unquestioning commitment to European integration stand behind it. Despite the Constitutional Court's stated commitment to national autonomy on budget issues, its recent practice suggests that it would only strike down the ESM only with the tacit approval of the German government. To do otherwise would be to risk a crisis of legitimacy that the Court is exceedingly unlikely to seek.
—Mr. Beck is a reader in EU Law at the School of Oriental and African Studies and a former legal adviser to the European Scrutiny Committee of the House of Commons.


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"May flowers always line your path and sunshine light your day. May songbirds serenade you every step along the way. May a rainbow run beside you in a sky that's always blue. And may happiness fill your heart each day your whole life through."
Hair: Sabahi – Tableau Vivant (M4ri1yn Magic) *NEW @ The Fantasy Collective
Flowers: Tiare canary – BOOM (Aranel Ah)
Skin: Kaelyn (jamaica) – Glam Affair (Aida Ewing)
Eyeliner: #5 – Belleza (Shyla Diggs)
Freckles: Fullbody dark – PXL (Hart Larsson)
Eyes: Promise coffee – IKON (Ikon Innovia)
Dress: Loose long yellow – Overhigh (Marry Lemur) *NEW
Necklace: Sugar heart – MG (Maxi Gossamer) *NEW @ Love is in the air
Hands: Av Enhancement elegant1 – Slink (Siddean Munro)
Pose: Red carpet – Wetcat (wetcat Flux)
Location: It all starts with a smile (opens March 4)
Fireflies & lights
The Garden, The Boutique, and Poser Pavilion are back for a great round! This month's theme is Northern Lights!
Wetcat has two wonderfull releases out at the Poser Pavilion and I'm so excited to show you!
First let me tell you about the swing prop! This pose prop comes with working lights, four super sweet couple poses and 4 single poses. All poses can be easily adjusted.
The second release is a super cute couple pose that comes with little mesh lights. Maxx and I both loved this pose so much that we each took our own pic of it and I'm gonna show you both versions.
Rush on over to The Garden, The Boutique, and Poser Pavilion and see these and many other wonderful new releases!
Say something
Collabor88 has opened up their virtual doors for the Janury round. This month the theme is "Raw Nostalgia" and it's amazing! I invited my gorgeous friend JoJo Kamm for this blogpost, because we both look so pretty in the brand new gown from Maitreya and the beautiful long hair from Clawtooth.
Hair: Trouble – Clawtooth (Bubbles Clawtooth) *NEW @ Collabor88
Hair flowers JoJo: Happy Foibles Wreath – Wishbox (Wisp Jinn)
Hair flowers Kaelyn: Alvina crown – Lelutka (Thora Charron)
Skin on JoJo: Lulu 06 – Glam Affair (Aida Ewing)
Skin on Kaelyn: Ria 01 – Belleza (Shyla Diggs) *NEW @ Collabor88
Teeth: OpenMouth pro – PXL (Hart Larsson)
Eyes: Promise brown & coffee – IKON (Ikon Innovia)*NEW @ FaMeshed
Gowns: Vintage lace romantic – Maitreya (Onyx LeShelle) *NEW @ Collabor88
Necklace: Satin bow and pearls – Yummy (Polyester Partridge) *NEW @ Collabor88
Earrings: Chantelle silver – LaGyo (Gyorgyna Larnia) *NEW @ Collabor88
Hands & Feet: Av Enhancement – Slink (Siddean Munro)
Swing: Lights romantic swing prop – Wetcat (wetcat Flux) *Coming soon!
Tree: winter 2013 white c – Happy Mood (Sasaya Kayo)
Boulders: light – We're closed (Mandingo Quan)
Bunny: sitting white L – Happy Mood (Sasaya Kayo)
Boat: Isolde (resized a lot) – Ispachi (Diarmuid Miklos) *NEW
White violins: a love idea – HMND (Wendy Xeno)
Violin with music sheets: Symphonie – Baffle (Samantha Smadga) closed
Water sparkles: dust floating on the water – Happy Mood (Sasaya Kayo)


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Markus Grams
The Role of Individual Involvement Pattern on Work, Family and Life satisfaction
The notion of Individual Involvement Patterns (IIPs) comprises engagement in the work as well as family domain, thereby applying a more holistic view on work-family involvement. This study investigates the influence of these patterns on satisfaction as well as task related measures and proposes moderating effects of a person's resources, such as coping strategies, social support and task autonomy on this relationship. Assessing cross sectional data of 387 subjects and a longitudinal sample consisting of 460 participants, we tried to contribute to a more integrative approach to work-life balance issues. Results suggested that the relationship between work and family can be characterised by conflict and enhancement, depending on a person's individual characteristics and available resources.


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This is a great product. I'm always in search of a good cup of coffee and this machine helps me get that.
Earlier I had an espresso machine but I don't actually like that as it is hard to make coffee in that. So I just ordered this one while searching for a good machine and this proved to be a great one.
literally no sound at all!
makes your coffee within few minutes.
it is steaming hot.
has a permanent filter (Yes the one I got is permanent & not the temporary as complained by most buyers)
Design is ubercool.
body not so strong.
none else!!
Please remember before buying this machine that it does not make espresso or cappuccino(milk coffees), it makes simple black coffee. Add hot milk to taste.
Also don't use Nescafe or other standard coffee powder but use fine grinded ground coffee beans instead for a great taste.
And finally Flipkart was great in service!
In Short.
I have done a lot of programming in C++ but you always need some expert advice. This book offers it.
Now lets discuss what this book has actually to offer. The book tell you how you could apply techniques to make you applications more industry kind and better. It tells you a lot of techniques and this helps in making your code efficient.
But in doing this you would be using a lot of templates, templates and templates. But if your okay with that then its the book to go for.
But still if you don't want to use so many templates, this books a lot of knowledge to offer.
A must read.
People can bicker all day long about what makes a video game, "fun", and I'll leave you guys to keep doing that. I am here to give you my very brief opinion on Max Payne 3.
If anyone out there is more like me, meaning, you absolutely love shooting humans (not aliens) with guns (not outer-space lazers) then hear me now: No other shooter on the planet will give more satisfaction than Max Payne 3.
1) Enemy bodies and how they react to the bullets is the best i've ever seen in a video game. Most realistic to date, in my opinion.
2) With the music turned off (which i almost always do in video games), the gunfire sounds, environment damage from bullets, enemy gunfire, etc is "hard-hitting & pacts a punch". Sound is huge to me, and May Payne 3 delivers.
3) Bullet-Time/Dodge + minor cinematic slow-mo's of deaths to showcase some brutality. Simply fun to see, and adds that final layer of "hell yea" to the experience.
From just a pure "shooting guns" experience (single player), this is the cream-of-the-crop. Everyone else can keep your COD's and ultra-hollywood "set-pieces, i'll take a more mature-feeling, raw-hitting, powerful & gritty, gory "balls to the wall" shooting experience in Max Payne 3 any day of the week.
The first Far Cry pretty much blindsided gamers when it came out in 2004. From an unknown studio, here was this game with stunning graphics (which still hold up, by the way), an original setting for a shooter (a tropical paradise) and a sandbox-style approach. Unfortunately, Far Cry 2 was a big letdown for most gamers. While the graphics were pretty, it felt bland and repetitive, and never really immersed you in the environment or story.
Far Cry represents a return to the roots of the first game, and adds a wealth of new features and option, adding to this First-Person Shooter a number of RPG elements. You can now conquer outposts and create safehouses, where you can buy guns and sell loot. The addition of a crafting feature (think Skyrim or World of Warcraft) adds the ability to make syringes, bigger gun holsters, bigger loot bags, etc. It's integrated with the hunting aspect of the game, which allows you to kill and skin most of the wildlife on the island. It's a nice addition, and the best part is that there is no real required order in which you have to do things. If you want to get the best guns right away, you can buy them right away, with cash you loot from corpses and chests. If you want to craft everything before starting the main mission storyline, you can. One of the best addition is the bow and arrow - silent, mostly one-shot kills are a ton of fun. That dovetails nicely into this game's emphasis on stealth. Many missions can be done your way: you can run in, Rambo style and blow everything up, but it's also feasible to skulk around the shadows and pick off the baddies one by one.
The main story is a mixed bag. The voice acting is mostly very good, and the story is interesting- you and your friends were on some spring break tropical getaway when things go very wrong. The problem is that you and your friends are annoying frat boys and girls, and it makes it tough to care whether I save my "bros" or not. After a while the main story can become a drag, though they do keep the missions varied.
The graphics are topnotch, especially if you have a newer PC. There are no perceptible loading times between zone, and the island is huge. The sound is also terrific, and if you have 5.1 sound you will love the ambient effects, animal noises, etc. It really does add to the immersion and tactical feel of the game.
There are a few things that could be improved. 1)The save game system is awful. It's essentially a checkpoint system, and you CANNOT save anywhere. While on a mission, you must complete the mission or start over before you can save. Why they wouldn't let gamers save anywhere is beyond, especially in an open-ended game. 2)Looting corpses is annoying. You use the same button (E) to loot corpses, switch weapons with dropped guns and skin animals. Many times you'll be standing over the corpse, jiggling the pointer until the magical "Press E to Loot" prompt comes. You should simply be able to click on the corpse and loot, like in many games, instead of hunting for the one spot you have to hover over to get the prompt.
Overall though, this game is a ton of fun!
This is really a great product. I am using it with a Dell 15.6 Studio XPS laptop and it fits properly with it.
Earlier my laptop used get heated up very quickly and sometimes to even 65 C, but now when this cooling pad is turned on, laptop remains cool.
To check it I used my laptop for an hour playing Battlefield III and laptop heated up very much and then I placed this cooling pad under my laptop and what I see is that laptop cooled down in five minutes.
The best part is that it doesn't even make any noise. You would not feel if its running or not. The material used is also very good. And I love the double sided USB.
Though the height is not adjustable but that does play any spoilsport. Also length of chord could have been a little longer.
Its a very nice pencil. I am using it for quite some time now and it feels good to write with it.
The best thing is the rotating mechanism which gives you always a same width tip.
Again a great service by flipkart as always :)
using it for quite a long time now. These are very nice. The sound quality is also very nice and you are able to listen to each and every instrument being played at background. I use them while in gym and jogging too. Fit quite nicely on ears. I think the lead could have been a little longer.
Thanks again FK :)
This is the best book for any computer programmer. I have been writing computer software codes and patches for a long time now and I'm always in search of doing things faster and easily. Which is only possible if you are good at algorithms, which this book is excellent at.
It would help you learn how to write algorithms and make your task faster and simpler. It is a must buy for any computer science or mathematics student.
Also it is from a great publisher- MIT itself.
The price of the original US edition is around 2700 INR but I got it in just 276 INR (of course its a LPE edition), which is great in itself.
And for Flipkart, best service as always !
This is an extremely nice read and you will not stop reading it until you have finished it.
I have finished all the three parts of the book and all are just too good. Must Read.
I won't say much here but it is an amazing book.
The series has so much to offer. First of all the books a very large in size, so if you can read heavy and 1000+ paged books then only buy printed edition. Because it can pain your arms if reading while lying on your bed.
Now about book, this is an absolutely brilliant page turner. You pick the book on a morning and start reading it, then your forget your breakfast and keep on reading it, reading it and then you again forget you lunch and you keep on reading it. Even with rats jumping in your stomach you keep on reading it.
I think this illustration is far enough for this book.
The whole series is written so brilliantly that you just fell for it, amazing battles, picturization, story, tragedies, twists and turns, etc, just keep you on the edge.
Its a must read seies.
Plus now you have episodes on HBO, which make it more awesome.


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Cramping a lot at and around Ovulation, could I be pregnant?
Ok I O'd between the 17th-20th (all + OPK's). Have been cramping since the 18th, but now cramps are stronger like I'm fixing to start period which isn't due for another week. Also I have sore breasts, back pain, exhausted. I haven't slept very well in the past 3 days and a couple of times felt nauseas and had to get a trash can just in case. I'm tossing and turning all night but sleep in an extra 30 mins to an hour in the mornings (might be from tossing and turning) I don't want to get my hopes up just yet (we've been trying almost 2 years now.) Please help, any advice/story will be greatly appreciated.
Posted: 06/25/2009 by mbsbabygurl434
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I am feeling the same thing today! I took an ovulation test that was positive today. I am feeling crampy ALL day! I was wondering why I was feeling this way. , since I don;t feel this way every month. Pregnant?posted 04/30/2010 by a BabyCenter Member
feeling the same way, but I didn't take an ovulation test. Trying to figure out if what I'm feeling is ovulation pain or implantation pain considering my husband and I had intercourse about 5x during the calculator's window of opportunity (from the 24-30).posted 07/01/2009 by adriane_rose2
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Chatham Cottage
Welcome - Chatham Cottage is a small, affordable and energy efficient home built by Sustainability Technologies students at Central Carolina Community College in Pittsboro, NC.
Join Us
This is a truly exceptional program that allows people of all ages and backgrounds to learn skills that will not only help their own future, but the future of this planet. We invite you to become a part of our team, to help us grow and expand. Whether you decide to sign up for classes, or want to donate something, every little bit counts and helps.
To learn more, contact us at the Pittsboro Campus, (919) 542-6495.