text:
Re: Dumb Idiots and Sexists....
Irreverent? A Freudian slip no doubt.
9 posts • joined 14 Nov 2012
Irreverent? A Freudian slip no doubt.
I am a physician (Iimagine one of the few who frequent this site). I practice in Canada, but we have a similar governing body in our jurisdiction. I don't know the precise rules for this kind of scenario, but I pretty sure anyone who had this type of complaint made against him or her would be sanctioned by the college. A first offence would likely involve a formal reprimand, and a mandatory ethics at one's own expense. Of course, these individuals may still face a separate copyright infringement court case.
"...they need to learn from private prisons, defense and farming how to get Washington to do "the right thing."
and from Apple.
This will be very handy for me to access Hulu on my TV, which I can currently do on my laptop/desktop, but not on any tablet or on my TVs hooked up to a PS3 and Apple TV due to licensing restrictions. (It's technically possible to work around this with a US credit card and US mailing address, but I can't be bothered setting this up.) My laptops don't have HDMI out, so for $35, this is a bargain. I agree that in some markets this won't be overly useful.
I don't believe everyone has the right to own a handgun. In my country, owning a handgun is not easy. These downloadable plans make it (relatively) easy for anyone at my daughter's school to acquire one. Easy access to guns for kids is just downright stupid, and will inevitably lead to tragedy and heartbreak for many families down the road. If Amercans all want to give their kids guns, that's their prerogative, but keep them the hell away from our kids. Everyone owning a gun is not a part of our culture. Americans most certainly do not have the right to distribute firearms to our kids. And please spare me the semantic arguments about how this is not the same as distributing actual guns.
Well, it helps for those with easily solvable security questions, and for those with passwords such as "Pa55word".
They tried the same thing here in Canada, when the public safety minister said that people who are against their proposed legislation are "with the child pornographers". Fortunately, there was a huge backlash and the legislation was dumped (for now). Big brother is working hard to expand his reach.
as a quality toy maker. (Posted from my wife's iPad.)
If you want to see a head of state get rough with someone, Canada's former prime minister "the boy from Shawinigan" Jean Chretien shows how it's done for real: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMBJp0yJvsY


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Pamela Parker | May 31, 2005 | Comments
The fast-food giant employs interactive rich media units in an effort to reach women.
McDonald's is promoting its new Fruit & Walnut Salad by enticing African-American women to engage with rich media ad units.
The six-week campaign was designed by digital marketing agency ImagineThat in conjunction with McDonald's multicultural marketing agency, Burrell, a unit of Publicis. Spend wasn't disclosed.
"What we realized when we were doing the research was that women were active gamers," said Derek Bonney, senior VP of ImagineThat. "Each one of those units was built with a game inside of it. We realized women weren't into the shoot-'em-up, kill-'em-type games. They were more into the mind teasers that they could relax and share with friends."
The effort employs United Virtualities' Ooqa-Ooqa branded-browser takeover, as well as expandable ads and interstitial units from Eyeblaster. Standard Flash banners will also appear as part of the campaign. The media buy includes BET.com, BlackPlanet.com, AOL BlackVoices, and Vibe Online.
The Ooqa-Ooqa ad, which will run exclusively on BET.com, is triggered whenever an Internet Explorer user enters a content category ImagineThat found to be popular with women -- books, health, or beauty. When the browser launches, its usual navigation is replaced by a McDonald's themed navigation, which includes a picture of the Fruit & Walnut Salad and a button that says "play game." The themed browser remains until either the user turns it off or leaves the channel.
"The goal was to find a unique way to bring the brand in front of the users," said Bonney. "To date, we're very happy with the results as far as people keeping it active in their browsers and continuing to surf through the channels."
Both the expandable creative and the interstitial unit feature games as well. The expandable ad begins as a 160 x 600 unit that asks viewers "What is Fruit Buzz?" and invites them to play a word scramble game to discover the answer. Once the user comes up with the answer, a picture and description of the salad appear. The creative also features a drawing of an African-American woman.
The interstitial, or "commercial break" format, features a game that lets the viewer manipulate a bowl with her mouse and catch pieces of fruit as they fall from the top of the ad unit.
"With this campaign in particular we weren't particularly interested in driving traffic to the landing page," said Bonney. "It was more about generating awareness and brand exposure."
The online campaign is running in conjunction with TV and print creative targeted to the same African-American audience.
Pamela Parker is a former managing editor of ClickZ News, Features, and Experts. She's been covering interactive advertising and marketing since the boom days of 1999, chronicling the dot-com crash and the subsequent rise of the medium. Before working at ClickZ, Parker was associate editor at @NY, a pioneering Web site and e-mail newsletter covering New York new media start-ups. Parker received a master's degree in journalism, with a concentration in new media, from Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism.
October 21-22, 2015
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
The foregoing is only summary in nature and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the Amended and Restated Offer to Purchase, which noteholders are encouraged to read in its entirety.
The Offers and Solicitations of Consents are conditioned upon, among other things, (i) the funding of the $125 million preferred equity investment by entities associated with Oak Hill Capital Partners, L.P. (the "Equity Investment"); (ii) the receipt of sufficient proceeds from the New Notes Offering and the Equity Investment to pay for all Notes and related consents accepted in the Offers; (iii) at least 60% of the outstanding principal amount of the Subordinated Notes having been validly tendered (and not validly withdrawn) in the Subordinated Notes Offer; (iv) receipt of requisite consents to the proposed amendments to the Subordinated Notes indenture and execution of the applicable supplemental indenture; (v) the execution and delivery of the Credit Agreement Amendment; and (vi) certain other conditions as specified in the Amended and Restated Offer to Purchase. In addition, the Equity Investment and the New Notes Offering are conditioned on the successful completion of each other and other conditions precedent specified in the Amended and Restated Offer to Purchase.
As of 5:00 p.m., New York City time, July 24, 2009, $99,007,000 aggregate principal amount of the Floating Rate Notes, representing approximately 47.15% of the outstanding Floatin
|SOURCE Duane Reade Holdings, Inc.
Copyright©2009 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


text:
East Tennessee Children's Hospital » Patients & Families » Health Information
Your parents won't be running your life forever. This center tells you what you need to know about taking charge of your own medical care.
Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
© 1995-
East Tennessee Children's Hospital is a 501(C)(3) tax-exempt institution certified by the state as a Comprehensive Regional Pediatric Center & accredited by the Joint Commission.
Powered by In10sity


text:
The Study in the Correlation Between the Severity of Post-stroke Fatigue and the Severity of qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis
Recruitment status was Recruiting
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the severity of fatigue, and the severity of qi deficiency and blood stasis.
Poststroke Fatigue
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Time Perspective: Cross-Sectional
|Official Title:
|The Study in the Correlation Between the Severity of Post-stroke Fatigue and the Severity of qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis in Chinese Medicine.
- Frome Fatigue severity level scale to evaluate fatigue severity score. [ Time Frame: about 20 minutes ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]When patient visit first time,we complete all the evaluation scale. Total evaluation time is about 20 minutes. And all data will be analyzed one year later.
|Estimated Enrollment:
|Study Start Date:
|July 2012
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|June 2013
|Estimated Primary Completion Date:
|June 2013 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Detailed Description:
According to the reports of department of Health, stroke has been the top three ranking in leading ten major mortality causes. Although fatigue is a common symptom after stroke, but it is easy to neglect due to fatigue is a non-specific symptom. Based on the literature review, fatigue symptom is not only common on post-stroke patient and it also has highly correlation with mortality, prognosis and efficacy of rehabilitation. In Traditional Chinese Medicine recording, Wang Qing-ren suggests that the main etiology of stroke is results from qi stagnation and blood stasis, thereafter, the study about qi deficiency and blood stasis became to the main stream for stroke until now. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the severity of fatigue, and the severity of qi deficiency and blood stasis.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|40 Years to 80 Years
|Genders Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
|Sampling Method:
|Non-Probability Sample
Patients with post-stroke fatigue were enrolled from the departments of neurological, neurosurgical, and rehabilitation in China Medical University Hospital (Taichung, Taiwan), their Brief Fatigue Inventory-Taiwan form score ≥ 4, and stroke onset more than 3 months.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Gender: men or women
- Age:40~80 years old
- Stroke history at least 3 months
- Hemorrhage or ischemic stoke
- Conscious clear and can communicate
- Brief Fatigue Inventory-Taiwan form score ≥ 4
- Sign informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patient with psychotic diagnosis and can't cooperate with researcher
- Major disease: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, chronic renal failure, liver cirrhosis
- Pregnant women
- Breastfeeding women
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01669759
|Contact: Yuan-Chen Chiu, Master of Chinese Medicine
|886-4-22053366 ext 3600
|China Medical University Hospital
|Taichung, Taiwan, 40447
|Contact: Ching-Liang Hsieh, professor 886-4-22053366 ext 3600 firstname.lastname@example.com
No publications provided
|Responsible Party:
|China Medical University Hospital
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01669759 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|August 14, 2012
|Last Updated:
|August 20, 2012
|Health Authority:
|Taiwan: Department of Health
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Signs and Symptoms
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on October 08, 2015


text:
Gareth Porter's new book chronicles U.S. and Israeli efforts to ensure the perpetuation, rather than the resolution, of outstanding concerns about Iran's nuclear program.
Regions / Iran
The United States held nuclear energy out to Iran and then pulled it away.
Gareth Porter reveals how Western intelligence believed the procurements of an Iranian university were proof of nuclear-weapons research.
Sunni Hamas and Shiite Hezbollah have apparently agreed to disagree on Syria while maintaining a strategic partnership against Israel.
The Gulf Cooperation Council needs to work together on a game plan for negotiating with Iran.
Former law professor Barack Obama went into surprising depth on issues of war and peace during his fifth State of the Union address. Here's how he should grade himself.
Syria is Iran's Vietnam; Burma's former head still pulls strings.
From nuclear weapons to rising oceans, Israel to Kiribiati.
Both U.S. members of Congress calling for new Iran sanctions and hard-liners in Iran assault President Rouhani from each side.
Although Hezbollah looks increasingly likely to weather Syria's civil war, blowback from hardline Sunnis at home may prove a longer-term challenge.


text:
Call Us Today! (757) 468-0488
After Hours: (757) 803-6054
Monday - Friday, 9:00 am to 5:00 pm
We are Licensed & Insured | License #: Class C - 2705 135713
Financing now available!
"They did a great job. Stuck with it through some unexpected twists and turns in scheduling and location of buried cables! Only contractor to agree to come out and do a survey without my being present."
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Project: Install a Wood Fence
"Very fast and efficient. The job was done before my expected date, even with a few bumps along the way. AWESOME JOB!"
– Tammy D., Norfolk, VA
Project: Install or Replace a Vinyl or PVC Fence
"Great job. Best looking fence in neighborhood. Stayed with the job and came out great."
– Wade W., Norfolk, VA
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"Everything went just fine – the workers were very courteous and friendly and take much pride in their work. Thank you."
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Review by Elton B. in Newport news, VA Project: Install a Chain Link Fence
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Eric K., Newport News, VA
Project: Wood Fence Installation


text:
Pancreatitis and liver problems, which can be fatal, have been reported in patients receiving KALETRA. Patients should tell their doctor if they have nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain, which may be signs of pancreatitis, or if they have or have had liver disease such as Hepatitis B or C.
Some patients have had large increases in triglycerides and cholesterol. Changes in body fat have been seen in some patients taking anti-HIV therapy. The long-term health effects of these conditions are not known at this time. Diabetes and high blood sugar have occurred in patients taking protease inhibitors such as KALETRA.
Some patients with hemophilia have increased bleeding with protease inhibitors.
The effects of KALETRA on pregnant women or their unborn babies are not known. Mothers taking KALETRA should not breast-feed.
All strengths of KALETRA tablets should be swallowed whole and not chewed, broken, or crushed.
KALETRA tablets should be stored at room temperature. Exposure of this product to high humidity outside the pharmacy container for longer than 2 weeks is not recommended.
Refrigerated KALETRA oral solution remains stable until the expiration date printed on the label. If stored at room temperature up to 77F (25C), KALETRA oral solution should be used within 2 months.
Avoid exposure to excessive heat. For full prescribing information visit http://www.kaletra.com.
Abbott and HIV
Abbott has been a leader in HIV/AIDS research since the early years of
the epidemic. In 1985, the company developed the first licensed test to
detect HIV antibodies in the blood and remains a leader in HIV diagnostics.
Abbott retroviral and hepatitis tests are used to screen more than half of
the world's donated blood supply. Abbott has developed two protease
inhibitors for the treat
|SOURCE Abbott
Copyright©2007 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


text:
Pull a Destiny's Child and check on it: Whether you're a Don Draper sipping on scotch or a Joe Dirt guzzling beer, knowing where to get the best bang for your buck counts during a night on the town.
With most bars listing their menu and specials online, this task isn't difficult. Pick the neighborhood you're going out in, check out the bar specials and plan accordingly.
Scouting out some post-drinking eateries doesn't hurt.
Check parking regulations before you go out: Finding street parking isn't usually too difficult in Milwaukee, but finding somewhere to park overnight, especially in the winter, is a beast. If you're planning on taking a cab home or crashing somewhere downtown, check the City of Milwaukee's parking website before heading out for where you can leave your car. Parking is not allowed on most city streets between 2 and 6 a.m. without a permit, and even then it may need to be on a particular side of the street depending on the date. The easiest (and most expensive) option is to park in a structure or lot, but diligent searching can lead to a free street spot.
Plan the end before the beginning: Having a plan for how you're going to spend your night out is great, but having a plan for how you're ending the night is even better. And since drinking and bad decisions usually go hand in hand, it's best to make a plan for how you're getting home before you start.
If you plan to take a taxi, have cab companies' numbers programmed into your phone for an easy dial at the end of the night. If you're crashing at a friend's place, let him or her know ahead of time, and make sure you end your night in that neighborhood.
Practical fashion is possible: We're not going to pretend to be fashion experts, but there are some practical ways to look good and stay warm while you're out. For ladies, fashion scarves can do double duty - keep you warm outside, help accessorize an outfit inside. And there's a reason riding boots are back in style; it's not attractive to eat sidewalk after trying to navigate ice patches in 3-inch heels.
Guys, you know the drill (or you should): Pull up your pants and wear a belt; stop popping your collars; one spritz of cologne is plenty. And remember, Crocs are not shoes - stop wearing them to bars.
While you're out
Show me the money: As with most things in life, cash is king during a night out. While most places around town take plastic, credit card machines can fail and an open tab can lead to a headache when the bill comes. Save some for the ride home, too; we all know how often taxis claim their machines aren't working, and sharing a cab is easier when everyone has cash.
Snag a sweet spot: Unless your group wants to spend the night as a huddled blob awkwardly standing in the middle of the bar, arrive a little earlier to nab a seat. Popular spots get packed after 10, so getting there before can land you a coveted bar stool, table or booth.
The tip about tips: Don't give your bartender the cold shoulder. Tip well.
Now, by tipping well, we don't mean turn into Jay-Z and play "Big Pimpin' " in your mind while slamming a $20 on the bar. But a dollar each time you go up to the bar is the best etiquette. Not to mention that giving a little something when you purchase a drink for the cutie you've been eyeing wins you easy points. Nobody wants to date somebody who gives the bartender the cold shoulder.
The art of the pickup (not the truck): Not to brag, but we've got a bit of mojo. Sadly, we earned it after years and years of rejection.
So, ladies and gentlemen, here are a few tips for you both.
All the single ladies: Please stop standing in huddled masses. While you might be Ellis Island-approved in such scenarios, it's a bit complicated for men to approach you when they have to approach six or seven of your friends as well.
Break it up a bit. Go out with one wingwoman. Or better yet, try to initiate a conversation yourself. If you're going out with the intent of getting some digits, being part of a group of 20 dancing women all looking around for men won't get you that.
And men: Let's remember what it means to be a gentleman. It does not mean approaching a woman from behind on the dance floor and gyrating in her general direction.
It does mean, however, that simplicity can get you far. Politely introducing yourself and offering to buy a woman a drink might not make you a Casanova, but it shows interest and leaves her with the ball in her court.
Late-night cravings: If you've put a lot of alcohol in your body, there are only a few guarantees in life. You don't look as pretty in pictures as you did before you went out, your dance moves are regrettable and you want to eat.
Sadly, the last of these is the most difficult to resolve. Come 2 a.m., the dining scene can be a bit tricky.
We suggest looking for late-night eateries before heading out. A word of warning: The few places that are open late tend to get packed right after bar close. If you're intent on dining after drinking, leaving the bar early is to your advantage. Otherwise, you could end up stuck in line with other regrettably bad dancers, and those pictures won't be pretty either.
Some nightlife neighborhood late-night eateries:
George Webb's (various neighborhoods)
Ian's Pizza (North Ave.)
Real Chili (Eastown/Cathedral Square)
Ma Fischer's (North Ave./Farwell Ave.)
Dogg Haus (Brady St.)
Brick 3 Pizza (downtown/Old World 3rd St.)
Qdoba (downtown/Water St.)
Brunch away your hangover: A night out in Brew City can be a brutal thing. Sometimes nothing cures it like a cheesy omelet, a fat stack of pancakes and a cup of joe.
Depending on your budget, certain brunch places will work better than others. Again, this might be something worth looking into ahead of time.
Note that most cafes have a rush at certain times, so plan ahead or you might have to nurse your headache elsewhere.
Brunch eateries:
George Webb's (various neighborhoods)
Ma Fischer's (North Ave./Farwell Ave.)
Comet Cafe (Brady St./Farwell Ave.)
Cafe Benelux (Third Ward)
Cafe Lulu (Bay View)
Palomino (Bay View)
Cafe Centraal (Bay View)
Riverwest Co-op and Cafe (Riverwest)
- Katie O'Connell and Chelsey Lewis


text:
Wow... I'm in love with this game. Most addicting free to play title in a long time. Spent some cash for the coin doubler just to support the devs 5 min after purchasing the game. I think it's pretty perfect the way it is. Presentation, controls, original gameplay, everything clicks with me. Congrats!
Developer of:
Mega Dead Pixel, LETZ Match!, Cut and Hack, Pop it! Blitz and others


text:
NESTA Reviews
NESTA Interviews
Interview Experience
Interview Experience
Getting an Interview
Getting an Interview
Interview Difficulty
Helpful (1)No OfferNegative ExperienceAverage Interview
I applied online. The process took 3 days. I interviewed at NESTA (London, England (UK)).
Luckily the process was quite direct, just a CV and cover letter. There wasn't a long online application. This was followed by a first interview, a task completed at the office, a presentation and a second interview.
Interview Questions
- The interviews focused primarily on the parts of the job spec labeled 'optional'. They aren't optional. Answer Question
NESTA Awards & Accolades
Let us know if we're missing any workplace or industry recognition – Add an award
Additional InfoUnlock Profile
The National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts, or NESTA, supports innovation and creativity in those subjects by investing in talented individuals such as artists, writers, musicians, inventors, scientists, and educators. The endowment seeks to foster innovation and creativity in all aspects of society by funding programs across the UK. It works with national, regional, and local government agencies as well as other funding groups and organizations to deliver its programs. NESTA was set up in 1998 with an Act of Parliament and a £200 million endowment (which ... More


text:
Front brings windy, choppy weather to Treasure Coast
JENSEN BEACH — Wednesday proved to be a windy, choppy day at beaches along the Treasure Coast.
Lifeguards at Jensen Beach kept a close eye on swimmers, as a red flag urged them to stay out of the water.
Lifeguards said the wind Wednesday was some of the strongest they have seen all year.
They said some people tried surfing in the morning, but overall, people are only visiting the beach to check out the windy conditions.
Visitors noticed a steep drop off in the sand from the wind, though coastal engineers say it is typical for this time of year.
Lifeguards do expect to see that drop off increase over the next few days.
Officials with Florida Oceanographic Society said they are keeping a close eye on the cold fronts and high pressure systems.
But as swells grow in the ocean, they say there is a benefit to the local estuaries: Lake Okeechobee releases over the summer flooded the estuaries with fresh water, resulting in algae blooms and toxic conditions.
Now, the swells are forcing more salt water into the estuaries, bringing them closer to the ideal balance between fresh water and salt water.
Subscribe to TCPalm.com and our Treasure Coast Newspapers
Need Help? Call us at 1-877-710-6180.
Monday-Friday: 6am-3pm / Saturday: 6:30am-10:30am / Sunday: 7am-11am


text:
MLS: L.A. Galaxy shut out Colorado Rapids
Published September 14, 2012 9:31 pm
This is an archived article that was published on sltrib.com in 2012, and information in the article may be outdated. It is provided only for personal research purposes and may not be reprinted.
Carson, Calif. • Robbie Keane scored early in the first half, Christian Wilhelmsson added another goal early in the second half, and the Los Angeles Galaxy posted its fourth consecutive shutout in a 2-0 victory over Colorado.
Keane scored on a Landon Donovan pass in the 15th minute and Wilhelmsson, a member of the Swedish national team making his MLS debut, tallied from a long pass from Marcelo Sarvas in the 58th minute.
Sporting K.C. 1, Houston 1 • In Kansas City, Kan., C.J. Sapong scored in the third minute of second-half stoppage time, salvaging a draw for Sporting Kansas City.
The Associated Press
Reader comments on sltrib.com are the opinions of the writer, not The Salt Lake Tribune. We will delete comments containing obscenities, personal attacks and inappropriate or offensive remarks. Flagrant or repeat violators will be banned. If you see an objectionable comment, please alert us by clicking the arrow on the upper right side of the comment and selecting "Flag comment as inappropriate". If you've recently registered with Disqus or aren't seeing your comments immediately, you may need to verify your email address. To do so, visit disqus.com/account.comments powered by Disqus
See more about comments here.
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text:
A storm system could bring a swath of heavy snow and ice to portions of northern Wisconsin on Friday morning, according to the National Weather Service in Sullivan.
In addition, rain could change to snow before ending Friday night across southern Wisconsin, including Milwaukee, according to the weather service.
A high temperature in the low 40s is expected for Milwaukee on Friday, with wind gusts from the south as high as 25 mph.
There's a chance of rain and snow showers before 7 p.m., then a chance of snow until 10 p.m., with wind gusts from the northwest as high as 35 mph, according to the weather service forecast.


text:
Main Content
This item ships within one business day.
$4.99 flat rate shipping. See other shipping options.
- 100% Polyester
- Full zip coverall
- Imported
- Officially licensed NFL product
- Raglan sleeves
- Rib-knit collar & cuffs
- Sublimated graphics
Reviewed by 1 customer
Best Uses
Comments about New York Giants Newborn Full Zip Raglan Coverall - Royal Blue:
This is a great one piece outfit! Sizing is accurate. Speed promptly.
- Was this a gift?:
- Yes
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


text:
College Name: North Pole Education Centre, Westlands
Address: 1st and 2nd Floor, Near Uchumi Supermarket, Westlands Square Building at Ring Road Westlands
Location: Westlands
Country Kenya
Telephone Number 1: 020-2166699
Telephone Number 2:
Email Address:
College Website:
Category: Information Technology Colleges
Below find a list of certificate, diploma, professional as well as short courses offered at North Pole Education Centre, Westlands.
You can join the alumni network if you study/studied in this institution by using the link below. Join Now!
Did you study in this institution or are you a current student?
Add Your Name and get in touch with your classmates.
Did you like this page? Share it with friends.


text:
Cat Heaven Island in Japan (50 pics)
- Category: Pics |
- 27 Nov, 2012 |
- Views: 31486 |
- |
This island in Fukuoka, Japan, is a heaven for cats. The animals are fed by local fishermen and can be seen everywhere in the streets, boatyards, porches, and houses of the city.
Do you like it?
Email this link
It is just one of the thousands of posts that we have on the Acidcow.com.
Please visit our main page to see other great pictures and videos!


text:
BPL Community Profile
Kevin Babione (KBabione) - BPL Lifetime Member
You cannot send this user a personal message (PM) because they have not specified a PM email address yet.
All Forum Posts by Kevin Babione
Re: S T S trail????
I'm not sure "Gear Lists" is the correct forum for this... The STS is on my hit list but the time commitment to do 85 miles is a little too much to fathom for me at this point. He...
South Central PA Backpackers
Doug, Thanks for the tip. I have a group of five friends who like to go and we usually try to do a trip or two in the Spring and another one in the fall. I have three year-old twins at home so...
West Rim Trail - PA
Jim, Glad the stream crossing wasn't bad - When I last crossed Pleasant Stream in April the water was too high for rock hopping and the tree that I'm sure you used to cross was wet and s...
Old Loggers Path
Jim, I'm really glad you enjoyed the Old Loggers Path - it's one of my favorites and is where two of my friends did their first trips. It's a fun loop and the views, weather permitt...
Stove Fireballs
Thanks - Since she knew it was the first time I used the stove she had the camera ready - more as a joke than anything, but it certainly gave us a photo to remember.
Stove Fireballs
Does this qualify as a fireball? This was taken by my daughter (amid some hysterical laughter) when I fired up my brand new Optimus stove back in 2005. I had intended to test it before we l...
Stream Crossing Foot Protection
Although I haven't personally tried it, I ran into a guy on a trip once who carried two tall white kitchen trash bags for stream crossings. If he came to a stream that required wading across h...
Very Small Basic GPS
I don't have one of these (I still use my Garmin 60CS), but I grabbed this link off another posting here... http://www.wintec.com.tw/en/product_detail.php?pro_id=77%20style= Sounds like e...
Yes - they still have a few in their warehouse in AZ. Here's a quote from Meridian Design customer support: "Yes, Camelbak has now leased the rights to the Aquastar with modifications ...
Hey there - I'm a diehard AquaStar fan and would be happy to help you if you have any questions about it. Also, Meridian Design has stopped making the AquaStar (although they're still ma...
All Reader Reviews by Kevin Babione
Showing 1 - 2 of 2 | Page: 1
Montbell Extremely Light Down Jacket
I'm a big guy and have the Ex Light in XXL - weighs 7.8 ounces. In addition to being a great piece of insulation to wear I've found that I can use it in my hammock as an extra top quilt by op...
Lighten Up! by Don Ladigin
I just finished reading the book - it's an enjoyable and quick read. I've got two weekend trips planned this spring with guys who have never backpacked in their lives. I'm passing the bo...


text:
Hip or knee replacement does "offer improvement in sexual activity and overall sexuality to patients after surgery, especially if (sexuality) is affected before surgery," said Dr. Rodriguez.
As some patients reported a fear of damaging their new hip or knee as a reason to limit sexual activity following surgery, "it is important for the health care provider to discuss the functional status of each patient in terms of sexual activity and overall sexuality," said Dr. Rodriguez. "This could be in the form of a one-on-one discussion with patients, or (the provision) of information booklets, or both if necessary, to effectively determine and address this fear."
|Contact: Lauren Pearson Riley
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|16 Mar 2006
|Filing date
|9 Dec 2002
|Priority date
|7 Dec 2001
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Terence Clark, Robert Prance, Christopher Harland
|Original Assignee
|Clark Terence D, Prance Robert J, Harland Christopher J
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (73), Classifications (19), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to electrodynamic sensors and applications thereof. These applications span technological fields of great commercial importance such as medical diagnostics, geophysical surveying, biometric sensing and engineering metrology. In particular, the invention may be utilised to derive two-probe electrocardiograms (ECGs), ambulatory electro-encephalograms (EEGs) and the probes for new diagnostic aids such as real-time, three-dimensional displays.
In this specification, the following terms are to be understood to have meanings as indicated below.
Sensor—the complete unit (electrode+electrometer amplifier)
Electrode—the part of the sensor which couples to the signal (e.g. the oxide film electrode)
Electrometer—the electronics (e.g. amplifier including feedback techniques)
Contact mode sensor—no electrical contact, only physical contact
Remote off-body mode—no electrical or physical contact
In order to create a sensitive electrodynamic measuring device it is customary to provide a high input impedance and thereby reduce the power of the input signal required to operate it. However, electronic circuits with a very high input impedance tend to be unstable, so practical devices are usually a compromise between providing the desired input impedance and achieving an acceptable degree of stability. We have devised a method of combining different circuit techniques to achieve several orders of magnitude improvement in sensitivity, whilst still maintaining sufficient stability to permit a relatively unskilled operator to make measurements in everyday conditions.
According to the present invention there is provided an electrodynamic sensor comprising a high input impedance electrometer adapted to measure small electrical potentials originating from an object under test and having a pair of input probes, at least one of which has no direct electrical contact with said object, wherein the circuit arrangement of said electrometer comprises an amplifier which includes a combination of ancillary circuits cumulatively to increase the sensitivity of said electrometer to said small electrical potentials whilst not perturbing the electrical field associated therewith.
According to a particular aspect of the invention there is provided an electrodynamic sensor for biometric measurements including a high input impedance electrometer having a pair of probes for the detection of small electrical potentials originating from potentials originating from a body under test wherein there is no direct electrical contact between at least one of said pair of probes and said body. Advantageously, said apparatus may be used for the measurement of electrocardiograms, electro-encephalograms or electro-oculograms.
The invention will now be particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGS. 1 to 9 are explanatory circuit diagrams illustrating features of the invention;
FIGS. 11 to 20 show measurements taken with an electrodynamic sensors in accordance with specific embodiments of the invention
FIGS. 24 to 28 show data retrieved using the electrode of
A high impedance electrometer based on the present invention incorporates a complex combination of circuit techniques. It employs a number of separate components, some of which may be found in commercial laboratory electrometers.
Taking a real amplifier to be a perfect amplifier A plus finite input resistance (Rin ) and input capacitance (Cin ) this gives the arrangement shown in
In a practical circuit, the device typically incorporates some form of printed circuit board with input cabling etc., in order to operate. These will introduce another capacitative term Cs and possibly a parallel leakage term Rs. The circuit is re-drawn (
In practice Rs may usually be neglected as very high (almost open circuit). In this case, the resistive contribution to the total input impedance is dominated by the requirement to provide a steady input bias current to the amplifier. This ensures that a stable dc operating point can be maintained. Hence the minimum requirement for a stable circuit would be the inclusion of a fixed input resistance R. (
With modern low input bias current amplifiers, the bias requirement Ib˜100 A, giving an offset voltage (Voff) of;
V off =I b �R (Eqn. 1)
Typically, Voff=100 fA�100 GΩ=100 mV
The use of input bias resistors >100 GΩ (if available or practical) results in offset voltages of many volts with associated problems of thermal drift due to the poor temperature coefficient of such resistors. This has always presented a problem for conventional electrometers.
Nevertheless a high resistance component is still required. This usually takes the form of a 100GΩ resistor but may be an alternative component such as a low leakage diode, for example Siliconix PAD1, a small neon lamp coupled to a suitable source of illumination (to control the resistance) or the channel of a field-effect transistor.
The input impedance of the amplifier is advantageously enhanced by a combination of feedback techniques.
One technique which gives improved operation is guarding. (
Bootstrapping may then be applied to a component in order to increase the effective impedance at the signal frequency. (
Another positive feedback technique is neutralisation, which may be used to address the intrinsic input impedance of the amplifier. (
The results of these stabilisation techniques may be summarised by the following table.
TABLE 1 Bare biased plus plus plus circuit Guarding Bootstrapping Neutralisation Rin ˜ 1014Ω 1014Ω 1014Ω 1017Ω Cin ˜ 3pF 3pF 3pF 10−15F Rs ˜ 1018Ω 1018Ω 1018Ω 1018Ω Cs ˜ 10pF 10−15F 10−15F 10−15F R ˜ 1011Ω 1011Ω 1017Ω 1017Ω
In an alternative embodiment, optical feedback stabilisation loops are used instead of a dc negative feedback loop. In this arrangement, a low-leakage photodiode or a small neon lamp is coupled to a suitable source of illumination (to control the resistance) in place of the input resistor R.
In a still further embodiment, a field-effect transistor channel is used as a gated resistor to implement stabilisation.
In order to achieve maximum sensitivity, it is desirable to stretch each feedback technique to the limit by employing a defined geometry for the input circuitry and by combining all three techniques. This procedure is totally unconventional as it contravenes established practice. To use these positive feedback techniques in combination in one amplifier would be expected to create instability in operation.
Associated with this approach, a further step may be employed to achieve the goal of extracting the maximum benefit from the combination of positive feedback techniques. The principal problem with increasing the level of positive feedback is that instability occurs, leading to either oscillation, or more usually, dc drift until the amplifier saturates at the supply rail voltage.
Preferably, this problem is solved by introducing a dc to low frequency negative feedback loop Clp1, Rlp1−Clp3, Rlp3 to stabilise the dc operating point of the system by amplifying the output voltage, using low pass filter circuits to remove all signal frequencies, and feeding this filtered signal into the input bias resistor network (i.e. at R2). This is shown in
The net result is a system with extreme input impedance, ˜1017 Ω in parallel with C˜10−15F, which is stable at dc when operated open circuit at the input electrode (i.e. in the limit of weak capacitive coupling to a source).
This technique is so effective that it is possible to introduce significant gain into the first stage electrometer amplifier. This would usually produce extreme instability, but with the feedback loop in place in the amplifier it is stable and produces large reductions in the noise referred to the input. Typically a gain of �10 will reduce the noise floor by �10 , a gain of �100 will reduce the noise floor by �30. Such reductions in noise are only possible with large gain, which itself is only possible using a feedback technique applied to the bias network as described above.
A further arrangement for providing the input bias current has presented itself as the result of a serendipitous discovery. If an amplifier is operated without provision for dc bias at the input, then the output will drift until it saturates on a supply rail (V+ or V−). This may be either positive or negative. It is usual practice to bias amplifiers with symmetric voltages i.e. V+=V−. However, by biasing asymmetrically, it is possible, in many instances, to reverse the direction of the drift. The mechanism for this is believed to be that the input bias current is balanced by on-chip leakage currents which are manipulated using the supply rail voltages. If the correct voltage asymmetry is chosen this gives a stable de operating condition without using a bias component on the input. In order to ensure that the stable operating condition is maintained, a dc feedback loop which responds to the drift at the output of the amplifier is incorporated into the power supply system. The direction in which the supply rails move in order to counteract the drift may be selected by the man skilled in the art according to the specific amplifier chosen. The feedback amplifier Af1, Af2 may be either inverting or non-inverting as appropriate. The error (offset) signal is amplified and added to the normal V+ and V− supplies.
Supply modulation (the bootstrapping of device capacitance) may be used as an alternative to neutralisation to reduce input capacitance (Cin).
No filtration is shown in
An alternative implementation for this scheme is to introduce the offset correction signal Voff via the offset voltage adjustment pin (offset null) of the integrated circuit chip. The exact configuration will depend on the amplifier chosen but, in general, would have the configuration shown in
The sign of the feedback amplifier depends on the particular amplifier and is selected to ensure negative feedback.
Both positive and negative feedback may be used for supply modulation. Positive feedback with a high pass filter may be used as an alternative technique to neutralisation. Negative feedback may be used with low pass filter/integrator as an alternative to the dc feedback stabilisation loop.
Electrodynamic sensors incorporating these circuit enhancements find particular application in sensing electrical activity of the human body. They permit probes to be in physical contact with the human body whilst maintaining non-invasive, electrically isolated operation. The use of these probes in the novel sensors allows electrical activity in the human body to be monitored at high resolution with low noise contribution. One particular application is the production of high-resolution electrocardiograms and remote sensing of human heart activity at distances of up to 1.0 m from the body.
Spatio-temporal potentials on the surface of the human body are routinely monitored for medical diagnostic purposes by the application of electrical probes to the body. For the monitoring of the electrocardiogram (ECG), metal electrodes are customarily applied to the skin with adhesive pads and a silver chloride gel is used to act as an electrical transducer to convert the ionic current flow in the surface skin into a signal which can then be detected by an electronic amplifier. High-resolution ECGs which are required for precise diagnostic purposes, where, for example, the identification of the His-Purkinje discharge is important in time relation to the atrial and ventricular depolarisations, can generally only be acquired using intra-cardiac techniques where the biosensor is inserted into an artery via a cardiac catheter.
The monitoring of electrical activity from the human brain to produce an electroencephalogram (EEG) has hitherto required multiple electrical connections to the scalp often resulting in the removal of hair and epidermal tissue. EEGs which can be identified from localised parts of the brain often require subcutaneous wire probes to be inserted into the patient. The techniques in current use for the monitoring of human electrical activity have direct electrical contact with the body with a corresponding current being drawn from the source (body). In this situation there will always be the possibilities of source potential modification, measured signal distortion and patient electrical shock. The development of a truly non-invasive method of sensing human body signals has many advantages over the restrictions imposed by the techniques in current use, especially in relation to the comfort of the patient.
High input impedance electrodynamic sensors in accordance with the present invention enable human body electrical activity to be monitored using non-invasive, electrically isolated probes using either a contact mode (physical contact, electrically isolated) or a remote off-body mode (no physical contact).
For efficient signal transfer from the body to the first stage of the electrometer amplifier a capacitive coupling is used. In the case of the remote (off-body) probes this capacitance is defined by the air gap between the body being measured and the sensor (typically a disc of 25 mm to 200 mm in diameter) and is modified slightly by any material, such as clothing, which may be in the air-gap space. The coupling capacitance in the remote mode is typically less than 1 pF. Increased input impedance and reduced effective input capacitance of the electrometer amplifier results in more efficient coupling and hence a larger signal-to-noise ratio. Preferably, these remote electrodynamic sensors utilise the feedback and guarding techniques described previously. For the contact probes a strongly capacitative (large capacitance) coupling electrode is used to make, physical contact with the body being measured.
In an alternative embodiment, a large capacitance (>100 nF) is used to couple the body being measured to an electronic amplifier. This gives two advantages over the remote mode. First, the strong coupling reduces or eliminates signal attenuation due to the input capacitance of the amplifier and second, the effective source impedance (the impedance that the amplifier input sees as it looks into the source) is reduced, thereby reducing the current noise contribution of the amplifier. The large capacitance required (and electrical isolation) is produced by using a disc electrode with a thin film of insulating material on the contact surface. The thickness is chosen to provide the capacitance required, given the sensor surface area and sensor disc material (substrate). Typically, the thickness is of the order of 1 μm. We have used anodised oxide films but sputtered and evaporated films may be utilised in alternative embodiments. Suitable materials are Al2O3, Nb2O5, Ta2O5 and, most commonly, TiO2. In general, oxide, nitride or another film with a high dielectric constant may be used. If SiO2 is used, this will enable the electrometer to be fabricated on the same substrate disc of silicon. The thin-film sensor (
Biosensor probes for electrodynamic body sensing may alternatively be used in an electrically isolated contact sensing mode or a remote sensing mode. Preferably, the contact mode uses single or multiple probes where signal coupling is made via specially developed sensors. The remote mode preferably uses a fixed sensor which forms a capacitive coupling to the body under measurement. By applying feedback networks to a low-noise field-effect transistor input amplifier the effect of the bias requirements is reduced, the input resistance is increased and the input capacitance is lowered to match the amplifier to the signal source efficiently. This results in minimum loading of the source and low-noise operation. Recent work with coupling the latest generation bio-sensors to the electrometers has produced input referred noise levels down to 100 nV/√Hz at 1 Hz for contact mode operation.
An example of the application of the sensor probes to time domain monitoring of human body electrical activity is shown in
ECG remotely detected at a distance of 5 cm from the chest (through clothing) is shown in
The fidelity of a single probe ECG will be limited by electromyographic and skeletal body noises which can be largely eliminated by using a differential signal from two probes.
Using remote biosensors in accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention, the human heartbeat has been detected at distances of up to one metre away from a clothed body. By arranging a pair of remote sensors one metre apart, with the human body in between the sensors, a signal corresponding to the arterial pulse is detected, as shown in
Multiple sensors, arranged into linear or higher dimensional areas may be used to produce dynamic potential line profiles or maps which measure and display the electrical activity on the surface of a body or from internal body organs. For example the ECG signal can be detected simultaneously from a number of sensors arranged in an area array (x,y) in contact with the surface of the chest. These ECG signals can then be used to provide a real-time dynamic display of the electrical potential over the area x,y which, in the case of the ECG shows a dynamic picture of the electrical activity in the heart—the heart working. When remote off-body sensor arrays are used the display is similar but will have the distance and angular information to enable the source of the electric activity to be determined using an inverse transform technique. A combination of contact and remote off-body sensor arrays may be used to produce electrodynamic maps from different areas on the surface of the body and at different depths within the body tissue.
The scalable nature of this technology permits operation with a wide range of coupling capacitance between the sensor and the source of the signal. This means that the probe may have a wide range of stand-off distances from the surface of the sample being measured. For example, a sensor may be used to acquire electrodynamic maps from above the surface of an active integrated Circuit. A single probe may be scanned over the surface to acquire the data in, for example, a raster scan pattern. Alternatively an array of sensors may be used to acquire data simultaneously. Single probes or multi-dimensional arrays may be scanned across a surface to provide a significant reduction in the data acquisition time. Likewise a single or multi-dimensional array may be used to acquire data simultaneously in real time without the requirement to move either the sensors or the sample.
It should be noted that although guarded electrode structures are typically coaxial in nature, they may take other forms, particularly with microprobes. The objective is to provide the most complete guarding possible. With miniaturised thin film electrodes, one embodiment will be a planar tri-plate configuration, with the measurement electrode sandwiched between two guard planes.
Further embodiments of the invention enable human body electrical activity to be monitored using non-invasive, electrically isolated, and in some cases, non-contact sensors. The signals that may be measured include the electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) and the electro-oculogram (EOG). In present practice, the EOG is monitored using electrodes which are placed around the eye, either being inserted under the skin or in electrical contact with skin via an electrolytic paste. We have used four sensors, one pair to detect the left-right eyeball movement and one pair to detect the up-down movement. Electrodes are preferably positioned on the front temple lobes, above and below the eyes. The EOG sensors are in dry, physical contact with the surface of the skin and are electrically insulated from the body.
In a still further embodiment, an EEG from the posterior of the brain in the region of the occipital lobe is monitored. In this embodiment, the sensor probe used was of a hand-held differential input type using two sensors each of 25 mm diameter. The sensors made physical, but not direct electrical, contact to the surface of the head and no special preparation was made to the scalp, the signals being collected through the hair. The sensors were placed approximately in the 'P3' and 'O1' positions referring to the international standard '10-20' system. Preferably, a non-allergenic, aqueous non-electrolytic gel is used to reduce static noise from the hair (triboelectric effect) and to enhance the coupling because it is chemically inert and has a high dielectric constant.
It is well known that the alpha-rhythm (8-14 Hz) is most prominent when the subject is at rest with the eyes closed. When the eyes are opened the alpha-rhythm usually disappears being replaced by beta rhythms (14-35 Hz)—a phenomenon called alpha-blocking. The observation of this alpha-blocking indicates that the EEG is in fact being monitored.
In a further specific embodiment, wrist-mounted electrodynamic sensors are used to achieve high resolution ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. A high resolution electrocardiogram can be acquired using two of these sensors mounted wristwatch style, one on each wrist. These sensors, which do not require a real current conducting path in order to operate, are used non-invasively without making direct electrical contact to the subject. In addition to their high resolution capability, these sensors have major advantages over current, wristwatch style, heart rate monitors used in the health and fitness fields. Furthermore, their sensitivity and low noise floor have made it possible to detect a peak which corresponds, in timing, to the His bundle depolarisation—a feature not normally seen in conventional surface electrocardiograms. These new devices find particular application in clinical medicine, as well as in sport and ambulatory monitoring.
A standardised connection scheme has been developed for the electrocardiogram because it is routinely used in clinical environments for diagnosis, (see Webster J. G. (ed) 1988. Medical Instrumentation—Application and Design (John Wiley & Sons Inc, New York).). This standardisation is referred to as the 12-lead system, where each lead refers to a particular combination of electrode positions on the body and to the display of a specific signal derived from a combination of signals from these electrodes. Preferably, for the wristwatch style electrodynamic sensor monitoring system of the present specific embodiment, one sensor is worn on each wrist and the differential (left-right) signal is used for display. This is equivalent, in standard 12-lead terminology, to the I-lead electrocardiogram (defined as LA-RA) and is usually detected from electrodes placed on the shoulders or upper arms. The high fidelity of the present I-lead electrocardiogram taken from the finger tips or the wrists, is in part due to the non-invasive nature of the electrodynamic sensor and in part due to the high sensitivity and low noise of the electrometer amplifier used in its construction.
As well as applications in the clinical (ambulatory) monitoring of the I-lead electrocardiogram, this wristwatch style electrodynamic sensor also finds application in general heart rate monitoring. This variant of the electrodynamic sensor has two major advantages over current commercial, wristwatch style, rate monitors, used in the health and fitness fields.
Accurate monitoring of heart rate is essential in fitness training and the accuracy (in beats per minute) relies on how well a repeating feature (e.g. the QRS complex) can be identified and the accuracy with which the time between such features can be recorded. The accuracy of many commercial heart rate monitors is determined by comparing the measured rate with an electrocardiogram reference and it will be clear to one skilled in the art that the use of a sensor system which provides a high resolution electrocardiogram would give a more accurate determination of heart rate. The high sensitivity and non-invasive nature of the present electrodynamic sensor, with the capability of detecting at high resolution all the known features of an electrocardiogram (here from the wrists alone) would be ideal for this purpose.
A second advantage of using an electrodynamic sensor system over current heart rate monitors is one of comfort and convenience; In order to collect a heart signal with sufficient fidelity to be able to determine accurate rates, most commercial monitors use electrodes which are in cutaneous contact with the chest. The electric-potential-sensor-based wristwatch monitor of the present embodiment acts not just as the (non-invasive) electrode but also houses the first stage sensing and amplification electronics. The electrodynamic sensor is held firmly in place on the wrist by means of a suitable strap using hook and loop type fasteners. (See
The electrodynamic sensor of the present invention, operates by detecting electric displacement current, rather than real charge current, so it does not require direct electrical contact to the source. It is therefore non-invasive in nature and completely biocompatible. It also has a extremely high input impedance (1015 Ω at 1 Hz) and a very low noise floor (≈70 nV/√Hz at 1 Hz) which makes it ideal for electrocardiogram applications. The electrodynamic sensor is used in two electrically isolated configurations; a contact sensing mode and a remote off-body mode. In the contact mode, where the sensor is in mechanical contact with the body, single or multiple sensors are coupled via an appropriate sensor-body interface. In the remote mode, with an air-gap between the sensor and the body, fixed sensors are used which form a capacitive coupling to the body under measurement. A block diagram of a typical electrodynamic sensor is shown in
An example of a high resolution electrocardiogram obtained using a pair of electrodynamic sensors mounted in wristwatch style housings is shown in
In clinical practice the depolarisation of the His bundle is customarily monitored using an electrode catheter inserted intravenously into the heart, the resultant time domain display being termed an intracardiac His bundle electrogram. In this intracardiac recording the A and V waves correspond, respectively, to the P wave and the QRS complex in the surface electrocardiogram. The H peak occurs between the A and V waves. In normal subjects the A-H interval is between 55 ms and 120 ms and the H-V interval is between 35 ms and 55 ms. The measurement of the A-H and H-V intervals can indicate many varieties of heart disease. The A-H and H-V intervals cannot be measured from the surface electrocardiogram and the H peak has previously only been identified on the surface by using a large number of electrodes with spatial averaging of the resulting signals. By identifying the H-peak using the sensor described in this embodiment, we have extended the clinical capabilities of the surface electrocardiogram to more routine monitoring of the P-H (equivalent to A-H) and H-R (equivalent to H-V) intervals. The electrocardiogram shown in
Electrodynamic sensors in accordance with the present invention find particular application in remote telemetry. Conveniently, this may be achieved by physically separating the sensors 41, 42 from the following electronics 43 and display with the two sub-systems comprising a transmitter 44 and a receiver 45 coupled together by means of a radio link. Suitable, compact and inexpensive radio transmitters and receivers are available commercially from Low Power Radio Solutions, Quantec Group, U.K. Ltd. (Two Rivers Industrial Estate, Station Lane, Witney, Oxon, OX8 6BH).). These have been utilised in a specific embodiment to transmit the electrocardiogram waveforms (derived from the differentially configured electrodynamic sensors) from the body to a remote radio receiver and display system, as shown in the block diagram of
The sensitivity and low noise performance of electrodynamic sensors according to the invention permits their application to high spatial resolution (large number of elements) arrays which can be used to form real time images of the electrical activity of the heart. The man skilled in the art will readily substitute electrodynamic sensors of the present invention in place of conventional Ag/AgCl paste electrodes in standard (12-lead) electrocardiogram recording systems with reusable sensors held in position by a suitably designed harness or vest.
We have identified, in the surface electrocardiogram, a peak (H) which corresponds in timing to the position of the His bundle depolarisation. This feature is not visible in the standard surface electrocardiogram and has only been used clinically when monitored using an intracardiac electrode catheter inserted intravenously into the heart. Given the clinical importance of measuring the timing of the His bundle depolarisation relative to other features in the intracardiac recording, the ability to monitor this H peak in the surface electrocardiogram is of great benefit.
Inter alia, electrodynamic sensors in accordance with the present invention may advantageously be used in the following applications.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that an integrator may be substituted for a low-pass filter and that an active low-pass filter may be substituted for a passive low-pass filter. Discrete amplifiers may be employed in place of integrated circuit amplifiers.
Sensors in accordance with the invention may advantageously be from nano-scale upwards.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the probes need not necessarily be identical.
Although the use of electrodynamic sensors has been described in relation to the measurement of electrocardiograms, electroencepholograms and the like, they may be adapted to the measurement of other electrical activity of a vital body.
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|21 Mar 2011
|8 Jul 2014
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|Electroencephalogram (EEG) cluster electrodes
|24 Aug 2012
|5 Aug 2014
|Elwha Llc
|Computational systems and methods for monitoring medication events
|20 Jun 2011
|5 Aug 2014
|The University of Sussex-Falmer
|Apparatus and method for measuring charge density distribution
|22 May 2007
|9 Sep 2014
|Intellectual Ventures Fund 83 Llc
|Capturing data for individual physiological monitoring
|15 Jul 2008
|14 Oct 2014
|University Of Sussex
|Sensor system and method
|23 Jun 2008
|14 Oct 2014
|EdanSafe Pty. Ltd.
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|6 Jun 2008
|4 Nov 2014
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Combination treatment modification methods and systems
|4 Feb 2011
|30 Dec 2014
|The University Of Sussex
|Electrodynamic sensors and applications thereof
|12 Sep 2008
|6 Jan 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for detecting a bioactive agent effect
|28 Jul 2009
|27 Jan 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
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|27 Nov 2013
|10 Mar 2015
|Albert Einstein Healthcare Network
|Catheter systems for measuring electrical properties of tissue and methods of use
|18 Jun 2008
|24 Mar 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
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|21 Apr 2015
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|9 Dec 2013
|28 Apr 2015
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|Method and system for ultrasonic neural modulation in a limb
|9 Dec 2013
|28 Apr 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Method and system for blocking nerve conduction
|29 Oct 2008
|5 May 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for presenting a combination treatment
|24 Aug 2012
|19 May 2015
|Elwha Llc
|Computational systems and methods for monitoring medication events including use of a camera and data comparison
|3 Jul 2008
|23 Jun 2015
|The Invention Science Fund I, Llc
|Methods and systems for monitoring bioactive agent use
|24 Aug 2012
|14 Jul 2015
|Elwha Llc
|Computational systems and methods for monitoring medication events including a camera and identified time intervals
|21 Jan 2009
|6 Aug 2009
|David Kalokitis
|Apparatus and method for monitoring and controlling detection of stray voltage anomalies
|23 Jun 2008
|10 Jun 2010
|Cmte Development Limited
|Scalp potential measuring method and apparatus
|5 Aug 2010
|Sutton Bradley P
|Method for dynamic motion guided functional magnetic resonance imaging
|6 Oct 2011
|The University Of Sussex
|Electrodynamic sensors and applications thereof
|16 Apr 2012
|2 Aug 2012
|Industrial Technology Research Institute
|Differential voltage sensing method
|20 Jun 2011
|20 Dec 2012
|The University Of Sussex
|Apparatus and method for measuring charge density distribution
|14 Sep 2012
|10 Jan 2013
|Power Survey Llc
|Apparatus and method for monitoring and controlling detection of stray voltage anomalies
|10 Jan 2013
|Power Survey Llc
|Apparatus and method for monitoring and controlling detection of stray voltage anomalies
|14 Sep 2012
|17 Jan 2013
|Power Survey Llc
|Apparatus and method for monitoring and controlling detection of stray voltage anomalies
|15 Jul 2008
|14 Apr 2010
|University of Sussex
|Sensor system and method
|16 May 2007
|13 Dec 2007
|Univ Eberhard Karls
|Medical electrode device
|9 May 2008
|11 Dec 2008
|Eastman Kodak Co
|Monitoring physiological conditions
|4 Apr 2012
|11 Oct 2012
|Cardiocity Limited
|Ecg mat
|14 Apr 2011
|18 Oct 2012
|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
|Device for the contactless determination of an electrical potential of an object, current probe, and method
|13 Nov 2012
|23 May 2013
|Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
|Dual-mode capacitive measurement
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|7 Jul 2005
Owner name: SUSSEX, THE UNIVERSITY OF, UNITED KINGDOM
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CLARK, TERENCE D.;PRANCE, ROBERT J.;HARLAND, CHRISTOPHERJ.;REEL/FRAME:017327/0485
Effective date: 20050616
|11 Jul 2005
Owner name: UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX, THE, UNITED KINGDOM
Free format text: LETTER TO THE DIRECTORS OF NOVASCAN LTD AND ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:NOVASCAN LTD.;REEL/FRAME:017327/0515
Effective date: 20040521
Owner name: SUSSEX, THE UNIVERSITY OF, UNITED KINGDOM
Free format text: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND REVENUE SHARE AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:CLARK, TERENCE D.;PRANCE, ROBERT J.;HARLAND, CHRISTOPHER J.;REEL/FRAME:017328/0799
Effective date: 20011213
Owner name: NOVASCAN LTD., UNITED KINGDOM
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX, THE;REEL/FRAME:017315/0538
Effective date: 20030108
|8 May 2012
|Certificate of correction
|12 Jun 2012
|Certificate of correction
|6 Aug 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


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Part of the Neutrik RC series, this compact, low profile, right angle cable connector is designed to select any of 7 x 45• positions by rotating the assembled insert into various indents before securing the back cover. This male connector has a nickel finish with silver contacts.
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Best Uses
Comments about Neutrik XLR Male Right Angle Connector:
I have my mixer mounted in a SKB mini-gig case and I wanted to be able to put the lid on without having to unplug everything.
This neutrik right angle connector allowed me to do that. And being able to rotate the pins was what sold me. Without that feature this would not have been possible.
Best Uses
Comments about Neutrik XLR Male Right Angle Connector:
Using to patch from 1/4 to XLR mic input for guitar. EZ to disassemble and solder. The adjustable angle is a great feature. I didn't want the cable to stick straight out, but the jacks right below the XLR input would have interfered with a right angle straight down. So I assembled this one at about 45 deg, and it fits and works perfectly.
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Baby Name MeaningsSearch 30,000 Unique Baby Name Meanings
The name Rina is a baby girl name.
Greek Meaning:
The name Rina is a Greek baby name. In Greek the meaning of the name Rina is: Peaceful.
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The name Rina is a Hebrew baby name. In Hebrew the meaning of the name Rina is: Joyous song.
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People with this name have a deep inner desire to use their abilities in leadership, and to have personal independence. They would rather focus on large, important issues, and delegate the details.Expression Number: 6
for harmony and balance in their lives, and respond positively to beautiful things.
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