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Coolant leak on 2008 F250 6.4 with 50K miles
I just bought a 2008 F250 that's been sitting for about one year. It's been leaking coolant and I thought it's because it was sitting and things got dried out but after driving it around 600 miles it's still leaking.
I've looked under the truck and it seems pretty clear that the leak is coming from the lower radiator hose where it connects to the engine. It's a Job 3 truck with the original black single O ring hoses. The truck also has the original style degas bottle.
From what I understand, these hoses are not covered by the powertrain warranty. I also have an good extended warranty from the previous owner (via their credit union) that also doesn't cover hoses (although it does cover the radiator if that ends up leaking at some point).
However, I've heard of some people that had their hoses covered at the dealer. So, I'm trying to decide if I should go to the dealer for this work or just have my usual reliable mechanic do the job?
The truck never leaked before it sat so I'm fairly sure there isn't something more major going on but...
A little over a month ago my 2009 6.4 started leaking at the lower radiator hose. Took it to dealer and was pressure tested, told the hose was leaking and it wasn't covered under warranty. Got a quote for the repair and paid the diagnostic fee.
Did a little research as to why it took 3 hours to change a radiator hose and found out there was a TSB regarding the issue. I contacted another dealer and they seemed to be way more informed on the issue. I went in on 12/24 for them to take pictures to submit to Ford. Got a call early afternoon on 12/26 that Ford had requested additional pictures. Went in on 12/26 got the pictures taken. Spent a little over an hour at the dealership and service manager told me that Ford approved the repairs and that they want to schedule the next day if possible. Brought my truck in the next day and they ended up replacing the lower hose, upper hose, degas cap and radiator at no cost.
Talked to the tech that did the work and he said that it seems that this issue is popping up more often. They could do anything from replacing the hose to replacing hoses, radiator, degas bottle and all..
IMO it was worth the time to get all these repairs done. It worked out even better because it was at no cost to me. I even spoke to service manager at first dealer and he says that this was their fault and they will refund our diagnostic costs we paid to them.
Long story short, talk to a knowledgeable service rep and you should be able to get the repair covered. The hose itself isn't covered however the orings on the hose should be. If you do a google search you can find info on the TSB and just reference that to your dealer.
Thanks for posting your experience. It seems some people are getting this covered under warranty and others are not. Your 2009 is just under the powertrain/Diesel warranty (no ESP, etc.) right?
Thanks again!
No problem. I don't have the ESP. My truck has just over 61k so the 3/36 was out. They put it under the 5/100 power train warranty. This is the first warranty issue I've had with it. I bought it new in May 09. Been through some bad winters(Indiana, Minnesota/Illinois) and some miserable summers(deserts of So Cal, Kansas and Texas). I pull my 15k fifth wheel all over with it. Only thing I wish is better mileage but the trade off of having power when I need it while towing is worth it.
It sounds like the leak being due to the o-rings is key. I'm almost positive that's why mine is leaking. I can rotate the hose where it connects to the engine and get it to leak more or less. I'll get in touch with a dealership next week and see how it goes.
Just got off the phone with the closest dealer. They told me it's only covered if the radiator is leaking and not if it's just the hose. The diagnostic fee is $120 if I decline service.
It sounds like getting this covered really depends on the dealer. I'm pretty damn sure my radiator is not leaking so I'm wondering if I should bother with the dealer or just have the hose replaced by my usual mechanic. The parts cost for the hose and coolant from my local Ford heavy truck center is only about $130 and he'll probably charge me another $100 or so for the labor.
I have this bad feeling that if I go to the dealership I'm going to end up kissing that $120 goodbye for no good reason.
Well if you put new hose on and that is not the problem you still will have to put a new radiator in it so either way your going to spend the money. Myself I would spend the $120 and find out for sure where the problem is. Good luck...
The hose is definitely the problem and I haven't found any evidence of the cooling system leaking from any other location. I'm getting it replaced today and we'll just have to see what happens after that. However, I have no reason whatsoever to suspect that my radiator is leaking.
I know there's a lot of grief with the cooling systems on these truck and it made me (and a lot of other people I suspect) paranoid. I'm trying to turn that paranoia off and just address the issue like I would any other vehicle and not let myself get carried away.
Hose changed, leak gone. The whole repair cost me less than the dealer's diagnostic fee.
Don't give in to the paranoia!
i just got my 08 yesterday and noticed today its marking its territory now whenever i park it. itll leave about a 2" puddle under it of coolant. i got under it and looked up as far as i could and cannot easily tell where the leak is coming from. im thinking it might be the verticle EGR cooler but cannot tell fully (dam theres alot of stuff ont hese motors, lol).
im taking it back to the dealer wher ei bought it soon to get it fixed. i asked if all the TSB/recalls where checked out on this truck and the salesman told me they have. im hoping its simple like a radiator hose and not somthing serious like a leaking head. im not too worried abotu the EGR as i have a PTP full delete waiting.
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Climbing Overview: Joshua Tree National Park
|Rock climbing at Joshua Tree National Park (Bill Hatcher/National Geographic/Getty)
Joshua Tree National Park, California
- Known for its unique beauty, desert wild flowers, easy access, and varied rock climbing, Joshua Tree National Park has more than 7,000 rock climbs of every rating. For an instructor or guide, contact Joshua Tree Rock Climbing School.
- The wildflowers at Joshua Tree National Park in the Mojave Desert are a top attraction. Depending on rainfall and temperatures, the blooms are usually out in late March and April. Watch for Desert Lily, Dune Primrose, Western Jimsonweed, and Desert Star, among others.
- Bolting in wilderness is currently prohibited. A permit system is being developed for installing new bolts in wilderness with the goal of minimizing impact.
- From Hidden Valley Campground, check out the slabs/face climbs of the Echo Rocks area and the maze of climbs around Barker Dam. Dont miss Saddle Rock, one of the largest formations in the Park.
More than 5,000 routes on wonderfully sticky, rarely crumbly granite have earned J-Tree its reputation as one of the world's premier climbing spots. The fact that it's climbable year-round (rock, of course, not ice) is a sizable bonus, not to mention the pristine, high-desert views that reward you at the top of each route.
Since routes are generally short, you'll log quite a few climbs in a single day. It's a great opportunity to mix it upmost areas offer enough variety that you can practice every skill you know. If you've never climbed before, this is definitely the place to start. Find yourself an experienced guide and learn what Joshua Tree is all about.
Special Know-How
Yes, this is the desert, but mornings and evenings can get quite cold. Plan for both extremes: Dress in layers, pack sunscreen, and bring plenty of water.
In the summertime, it's a good idea to keep an eye out for rattlesnakes. Generally, they won't bother you unless you bother them. But certain maneuvers that would be perfectly normal elsewherejamming your hand into a deep, dark crack that you can't see into, for instancecould get you into trouble here.
Some park rules to keep in mind: Don't climb at an occupied campsite; don't use anything artificial (glue, etc.) to build up holds; don't chip away at the rock or remove plants; don't climb within 50 feet of any rock paintings.
The Best Climbing Areas
Wonderland of Rocks
A dense boulder field covering more than nine square miles, the Wonderland has more routes than any other part of the park. You can find just about everything here, from easy bouldering to gnarly lead climbs. Especially noteworthy is the overhanging north face of Timbuktu Towers, with routes rated up to 5.13d.
Real Hidden Valley
Just down the road from the Hidden Valley Campground is the area known to climbers as "Real" Hidden Valley. Its most-visited site is Sports Challenge Rock, where you can find a broad range of top-rope climbs, as well as some great places to practice leading. For bouldering, try Turtle Rock.
Hall of Horrors
Contrary to its name, this area is just as suited to beginners as it is to veteran thrill-seekers. The chimney on the west face is a great confidence builder for anyone just starting out. More horrific are the face routes on the east side of the west wall.
Hemingway Buttress
Crack-climbing fans love the wrinkled east face of this rock, especially since it has enough routes spread across its wide surface to keep anyone from having to wait in line for a decent climb. White Lightning (5.7) is a good place to start. Then mix it up with a combination face/crack climb at Sow Sickle (5.11d).
Indian Rock
When icy winter winds make the higher-elevation climbing areas too crisp for comfort, Indian Rock offers a comfy retreat. This is the easiest climbing area to access from nearby towns, so you'll have to do some hiking to find any solitude. Morbid Mound, down a short path from the Indian Cove Campground, offers a good mix for novice climbers.
There's no shortage of books on climbing J-Tree. A great one to start with is So Cal Select, which details enough routes to keep you busy for quite some time. For bouldering, try Joshua Tree Bouldering or Southern California Bouldering Guide. An excellent option for sport climbers is Joshua Tree Sport Climbs.
Details mentioned in this article were accurate at the time of publication
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Employees of a local company take part in a one-hour, eight-week Spanish class at the Language Training Center in Indianapolis
- Filed Under
Language Training Center announced plans today to expand its Indianapolis operations, creating up to 26 new jobs by 2017.
The Indianapolis-based company, a full-service language training provider, will invest $1.5 million to renovate and expand its existing facility by 3,500 square feet, according to a news release.
"The expansion of LTC shows that Indy's international business needs are growing right along with it," Indianapolis Mayor Greg Ballard said in a prepared statement. "This is good news for the future of our city as international companies ...


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Q: I'm getting married in September. Due to budget reasons, my fiance and I have decided not to allow single guests to bring a date. The dilemma is that a guest is 'bummed' that she cannot bring the special person in her life to share the wedding with. My 'friend' has expressed her dissatisfaction on several occasions. I've already explained that we had to set a general rule to include spouses or fiances. What should I do?
A: You are obligated to invite spouses, fiances or fiancees, and significant others of your guests. If your friend has a long-standing relationship/is living with her 'special person' then he really needs to be invited. If not, and he is someone she is dating, it is not a requirement that he be included. If she is so unhappy with the arrangements, she can always decline the invitation and then be at home being bummed that she is missing a wonderful time.


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So after being a member here for 5+ years and with 2000+ post, Ive decided to move on with my life and concentrate on something more productive.
Ill be using this site to generate long random...
Type: Posts; User: Chris31; Keyword(s):
So after being a member here for 5+ years and with 2000+ post, Ive decided to move on with my life and concentrate on something more productive.
Ill be using this site to generate long random...
Here is a link to the ICD2 programmer
Probably outdated now though, but yeah if you want to build...
Have used them many times from small project to something very complicated.
There are better MCU out there but PICs is the best one to get started, they have plenty of variety, supports, infos,...
I felt disgusted on this one :puke:
with a boring complication.
1) TomTom is outdated >>>
TomTom no longer support the PDA or mobile platform. AFAIK Version 6 is the last one.
2) Its slow >>>
Its slow because its running using an emulator, run a proper PC...
I had a play with this tomtom running on PC a few years back but its pretty much pointless now.
1) TomTom is outdated
2) Its slow
3) Its patchy.
4) Plenty of GPS for PC now, Sygic Drive, Igo8,...
Shut up JJ, I want free boobies thats all I want, not hard to give is it :D
Not really fair on some sellers.
No matter what you do, it is very difficult to please some customer. Now that the changes had taken place, some buyers are now taking advantage of it. "GIVE ME...
That seller got a bad DSR, I would definately skip that one.
PIC can do alot of things if you write it on ASM. I was trying to bring the cost down as much as possible, hence the choice of PIC MCUs all in one solution.
Im not too sure how you are going to...
Good idea Rowan
My 75% done prototype was actually built back around 2003.
Unfortunately I lost interest and abandoned the project.
My tracker is fully operated by the owner cellphone. You...
No idea.
When vista first came out, I was relactant to upgrade after reading all the negative comments about vista.
Got myself a copy of vista x64 and installed it on my dual xeons, almost ZERO problems,...
Click on his head, it sort of bobs up and down, thats funny :lol:
What is the worst job you ever had?
Was a blow job from JJ's hoe.
How can you charge your twin brother? thats mean :lol:
JJ, I didnt know you have a twin brother. :lol:
He look after them, shag them, eat them :lol:
It means you look after your cow and sheep very well?
With a bigger fatter lavender tie? :jaw:
Your ex?
Great thread.
I dont even intend to argue with anyone here, Im merely telling you guys what I think about vista. Like I said earlier, it does not work for everyone.
Im upgrading my...
Actually if they bought a decent printer, VISTA would have the driver for it. My old HP LJ4 bought back in the early 90s and it work with Vista x64 :D
Only if I still have my old Epson FX80 I...


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Photo by Romulo Yanes
Leave a Review
This recipe was quite yummy. Depending on how sweet the strawberries you are using, I would use less sugar if necessary. I'll keep that in mind for the next batch.flag if inappropriate
Because Panna Cotta is one of my favorite desserts I have made different recipes before and I know that it is usually a good idea to add MORE gelatin. I wish that I had done so. The flavor of this recipe was quite good but it is a soup not a custard.flag if inappropriate
Thank goodness I did not let others keep me from making this dessert for Christmas!!! this is now be a regular to use many times since we live in "strawberry land CA"! Since I was "warned" about the consistency, I used dessert glasses and saved plenty of room for the compote. Well, I missed out on a beautiful presentation!! It was very firm and very delicious. Anyone having problems with this recipe must have not followed the simple directions!!! If you want to "take it up a notch" add some orange liquor to the compote. Hope you try it, great for Valentines Day is heart shape molds. Peggy, CAflag if inappropriate
This is a great recipe; we have a local restaurant in Truro, NS, Canada that serves a great version of this recipe. It is called Strawberry Lucien and is served at the buffet on Sunday night and at the Roast Turkey buffet mid-day Fridays at the Howard Johnson Hotel and Convention Centre, Prince Street, Truro, NS, Canada. It is my husband's [Larry]and my, favorite. Thanks so much for this recipe.flag if inappropriate
Yhis recipe should be renamed strawberry soup. With many years of cooking experience I followed the recipe to the letter, only to end up with a lovely tasting soup! Is it possible the strawberries do not allow the gelatin to work? I would not waste my time or wonderful California strawberries!flag if inappropriate
Can I substitute agar agar or another seaweed-based product for the gelatin? many thanks!flag if inappropriate


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Credit: Roland Unger
2014 started with some seemingly good news:
Independent media aggregators,
The Daily Climate, said its analysis showed
climate change reporting had "leapt" in the previous 12 months.
Working out whether climate coverage is on the up is a rather
complicated task, however.
The Daily Climate's result may have come as something of a
surprise to a group of US academics who had also been tracking
climate change reporting. Max Boykoff, Assistant Professor at the
University of Colorado, who has been looking at global
climate coverage since 2004, found it dropped in 2013.
Likewise, Drexel University sociology professor, Robert
Brulle, found US television coverage of climate change was at
almost exactly
the same level in 2013 as it was in 2012.
This led the
Columbia Journalism Review to conclude that the Daily Climate's
analysis had identified a "pseudo boom" in climate coverage, rather
than a significant change of direction.
Perhaps more significant than The Daily Climate's headline
result is what the analysis tells us about the potential pitfalls
of analysing media coverage of climate change. It shows that such
work can can be cut many ways depending on what is being looked at,
how the sample is collected, and how results are reported.
30 per cent? The Daily Climate and energy-climate
reporting crossover
Each year, The Daily Climate reports how many climate change
stories its researchers and computers find in publications around
the globe. Its headline in 2013 reported a
30 per cent jump in climate change stories compared to 2012's
levels - the first time the number of stories had increased since
2009, as the graph below shows:
Source: The Daily Climate analysis, graph by Carbon
The Daily Climate said the result "marks the end of a three-year
slide in climate change coverage and is the first increase in
worldwide reporting on the topic since 2009". It said the 2013 jump
was "fueled by reporting on energy issues - fracking, pipelines,
oilsands - and a heavy dose of wacky weather worldwide".
So why did the other trackers not see this jump?
One explanation for The Daily Climate's result differing from
others' work is related to how it collated its sources. The Daily
Climate is quick to
acknowledge that other databases "count a story only if the
words 'global warming' or 'climate change' appear", unlike its own.
So a story about fracking would get picked up in The Daily Climate
analysis even if it didn't talk about the implications for climate
change, for instance.
That means The Daily Climate has a distinct view "about what is
a climate change story and what is not", Brulle tells the Columbia
Journalism Review - and explains why it sees a jump where others
Moreover, The Daily Climate's top line raises interesting
questions about how the issues of climate change and energy relate
to each other.
The Daily Climate's editor, Douglas Fischer, tells the Columbia
Journalism Review that energy stories are increasingly
"connecting some dots" between economic choices and climate
change impacts. As such, he argues that the definition of what
constitutes a 'climate change' story can be legitimately extended
to include those articles.
Boykoff's drop
The Daily Climate's method means it includes some stories which
are only loosely connected to climate change, however. According to
follow-up research, sometimes the stories included in The Daily
Climate's analysis don't mention climate change or global warming,
even implicitly.
As such, The Daily Climate is arguably taking too broad a view
of what counts as a 'climate change' story. Max Boykoff and the
Columbia University team take an alternative approach, with notably
different results.
They use a number of search engines to look for the terms
"climate change" or "global warming" across 51 newspapers worldwide
(more detail on their method is available
here). As this graph shows, they found a general drop in
climate coverage in 2013:
Source: Center for
Science and Technology Policy Research, University of
While this approach means only stories which explicitly mention
climate change are included, it's not without faults.
For instance, by only searching for those terms, the database
could exclude stories which are about climate change, without ever
actually using those words (perhaps talking about 'greenhouse
gases', for instance). On the flip side, the database could also
include stories which are only tangentially about climate change -
with someone mentioning it in relation to another issue such as
security or agricultural policy, for example. There are also
potential difficulties when deciding which media outlets to include
("influential" ones, in this case).
Moreover, there remain questions over how the quantity of
stories relates to the quality of the journalism, as Boykoff
acknowledges in his 2011 book 'Who Speaks for the Climate?' For
instance, how useful is it to include all climate change reporting
under the same umbrella when some stories could be explaining new
research, while others question existing evidence?
Those are questions which this sort of analysis alone can't
Looking more closely
One way to get around this is to focus on a particular issue, at
a particular time, in a particular place, rather than looking at
the broad sweep of climate change coverage.
For example, we looked at the number of
printed stories about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change's big report last October.
In total, there were 53 stories in the papers we looked at - the
Daily Mail, Mail on Sunday, The Times, Sunday Times, The Telegraph,
Sunday Telegraph, Guardian, Observer, and Independent. The coverage
peaked with 19 stories on September 28th, the day after the report
was launched. By the following Friday, coverage had all but
This more focused analysis tells us something about mainstream
newspapers' attention spans for that particular climate change
story, and we can be confident that the lion's share of those
stories are relevant to the debate.
But it doesn't say much about broader climate change reporting
trends, as the other analyses attempt to.
An imperfect science
Analysing media reporting is tough, and none of these analyses
are perfect. Nonetheless, all of them offer some insight into how
climate change is reported.
Ultimately, they collectively serve as a cautionary
tale: the headline results are only as strong as the databases they
are drawn from, and the devil is normally in that particular
Published under a CC
license. You are welcome to reproduce material for
non-commercial use, credited 'Carbon Brief' with a link to the
article. Please contact us for commerical use.
Published by Climate Brief Ltd - Company No. 07222041


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Drake and Lil Wayne are taking it to the mat for their new co-headlining tour.
The Drake vs. Lil Wayne Tour kicked off last week in New York , and so far, Weezy is the clear winner, according to IndyStar.
Lil Wayne handily won the first two nights of the competition, which is staged like a boxing match with multiple rounds.
But it's all good, considering the duo collaborated on "Grindin," a new track released "in celebration of the new tour."
The real show seems to be the pair's smack talk in between performances. Just take the new video showing their extremely different styles for getting ready for the tour for reference.
In the video, Drake also goes through the steps of working the Capcom-created Drake vs. Lil Wayne app: picking your city, then your side of the Drizzy-Weezy divide, and then "powering up" your favorite rapper to decide who will perform first.
Drake VS Lil Wayne App from OctobersVeryOwn on Vimeo.
To see if Drake Vs. Lil Wayne is coming to your town, check out Drake's official site. Roll the tape to see the Lil Wayne and Drake hype their new tour and share your thoughts with us below!
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Do you live the sex life that you deserve as a man?
You were born to be sexual, you were born to be social.
A great sex life and social life is your birthright. You were born to do it. What separates The Sexual Life (TSL) from other approaches in men's development is we believe everything you need to be socially and sexually healthy is already within you. Millions of years of evolution resulted in who you are as a social and sexual being. Our job is to find that empower it and broadcast it to the world around us.
What we teach and how we teach comes from this philosophy. For nearly a decade we have been the only company that teaches from Authenticity, Customization and finding techniques, methods and systems that serve you and how you were born to be. There is no cookie cutter approach to who you are, why should their be one to your social and sexual life?
Your desire for happiness, ambition and you social and sexual life are forces of nature. You ill always fight for them. When you don't have them you will feel frustrated and in deficit. Our culture, our beliefs and our confused image of man and woman is constantly trying to limit and shape that force of nature.
This is why TSL teaches Social Dynamics, Lifestyle Empowerment and works 1-on-1 with its clients to tap into who you are. We teach to speak form authenticity.
When anyone can speak from their authenticity and communicate that to the world you become an expression of empowerment. there is no compromise in this. If you're not being you, you're not living the sexual life.
As we say –
Be Social
Be Sexual
Live Life
"You Were Born to Be Sexual"
Be Social
Your expression is what you were born to do. It is already within you. No matter what your circumstances are – social anxiety, bad relationships, divorce, wanting a better dating life, what make TSL so unique is we believe in the fundamentals of building a great social life.
This means, the more we can connect to the world around us the more we will be in touch with our fulfillment, purpose and drive as a man. Whether you're already living a great social life, or you suffer from the hurdles of social anxiety TSL will give you the keys to your greatest social expression ever known.
Be Sexual
One of the greatest forces of nature that is already within you is your sex drive. Sexual fulfillment is what you were made for and this is exactly what TSL teaches. Everything that we teach is based on how people have sex, connect and experience pleasure. From how we meet people, to how we build rapport, to sexual escalation and even lifestyle and relationship design – we base on how we were born to have sex.
Man and woman are incomplete without a relationship to their sexual expression. Everything in TSL is meant to achieve this point of sexual fulfillment. Your masculinity is dependent on it.
It is not success if you're not being yourself. For years in order to be happy and have a great social and sexual life we were taught to be someone else. This has always been what distinguished TSL from any other teaching system. We demand authenticity.
You will be yourself. You will be you. You will learn to plug that into an adaptable social dynamic and through that you will achieve massive results. The difference is this. If you're not congruent with you interactions, your sex life, your relationships and how you live, no matter what your result you will never be happy. Fulfillment is dependent on a system of social dynamics that customizes to you.
How we teach at TSL is group based. Of course there is 1-on-1 coaching, however we eleven that community is one of the greatest tools man can work within. The way humanity was born to be social was to feed off of one another.
When working as a community of men, we build a culture. We no longer need to stop forcing ourselves to do actions. We no longer need to pressure ourselves to get results, we no longer need to force accountability. We are able to build a culture and community where men can be men. Learning the most effective ways and yield the best results – in their social life, sexual life and lifestyle.
Everything in TSL works. It is not just good it is the best. What we discovered years ago, and thousands of clients later was that when you allowed a demand for authenticity, into a customized social dynamic we unlocked a massive force of nature.
Your results will be more fulfilling, more satisfying and just plain better than any other system of social dynamics out there. Your relationships, your connections and your sex life will finally be exactly where they need to be. You will be happy, you will be fulfilled and you will be living the Sexual Life.
"Are You Ready to Live the Sex Life
You Were Born to Live?"
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This week the Food and Drug Administration released nine graphic warning labels to appear on cigarette packs.1 This is a strong message to deter people from smoking by illustrating a variety of related health hazards. The nine warnings did not include any imagery indicating that smoking can lead to foot and lower limb amputations.
Podiatrists, vascular surgeons and orthopedists know that smoking can lead to several serious problems in the lower extremity. Some of these problems include wound healing difficulties, gangrene, non-unions and amputations.
The surgeon general's message is clear that "smoking kills" but there is not a visual message that smoking can maim.
In a recent blog, I asked the question: "Why Did The FDA Neglect Smoking-Related Foot Amputation Warning?" (see and comment: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/neal-m-blitz/smoking-amputation_b_882739.html [2] )
Podiatrists know that the risk of smoking-related foot and limb amputation is real and costly. Smoking is the number one cause of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), according to the Peripheral Arterial Disease Coalition.2 We know peripheral arterial disease can result in decreased blood flow to the legs and feet, elevating the potential risk of amputation. This can result in the need for amputation. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services indicates that "one in every 20 Americans over the age of 50 has PAD" and that "8 to 12 million people in the United States, especially those over 50" are affected.3
"Diabetes and vascular disease are the leading causes of limb loss and major drivers of increased limb loss incidence in the U.S.," according to the Amputee Coalition. The coalition adds that "PAD is a common cause of amputation (and that) 1 to 2 percent of all people with PAD will progress to major amputation." Furthermore, the coalition indicates that dysvascular disease results in 54 percent of limb loss amputations, which translates into approximately 92,000 amputations each year.4
Do you think this risk of smoking-related foot amputations should have been included as a graphic warning? Comment and cast your vote at www.podiatrytoday.com/should-cigarettes-include-warnings-about-lower-ext... [3] .
Editor's note: This blog was adapted with permission from the author from Dr. Blitz's blog at the Huffington Post.
1. Available at http://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/Labeling/CigaretteWarningLabels/defau... [4]
2. Available at http://www.padcoalition.org/about-pad/smoking/ [5]
3. Available at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/pad/docs/pad_extfctsht_gene... [6]
4. Available at http://www.amputee-coalition.org/WhitePapers/Roadmap-for-Limb-Loss-Preve... [7]
[1] http://www.podiatrytoday.com/files/imagecache/normal/Smoking.png
[2] http://www.huffingtonpost.com/neal-m-blitz/smoking-amputation_b_882739.html
[3] http://www.podiatrytoday.com/should-cigarettes-include-warnings-about-lower-extremity-amputation-risks
[4] http://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/Labeling/CigaretteWarningLabels/default.htm
[5] http://www.padcoalition.org/about-pad/smoking/
[6] http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/pad/docs/pad_extfctsht_general_508.pdf
[7] http://www.amputee-coalition.org/WhitePapers/Roadmap-for-Limb-Loss-Prevention-and-Amputee-Care-Improvement.pdf


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Not a bad flick, provided you're a bad person.
There's a lot of stuff going on here. You best just take it all in and not ask any questions
What drug will NPH be tripping on this time?
The gang is back! Even Thomas Ian Nicholas!
We still don't know who will start the reactor.
If you're a fan of drug use or anti-Catholic blasphemy (or both), you're in for a treat. Actor Thomas Lennon, best known as Lieutenant Jim Dangle in "Reno 911," is hard at work on the set of A Very Harold & Kumar Christmas 3D, which is currently being filmed in Detroit (aka the Hollywood on the Rust Belt). According to Lennon, the film has no shortage of drug use and, or showering nuns.
I think when people Harold and Kumar in 3D it's going to be a full visceral experience not unlike seeing Avatar with a bunch of dudes smoking pot and some naked nuns taking a shower, which is what I believe they're filming today. In fact I know for a fact that's what they're filming today because I happen to not be on-set today and it's kind of a bummer.
Lennon was also quick to point out that the third installment of Harold and Kumar was actually being filmed in 3D, not converted afterward, a fact that I'm sure will not be lost on the thousands of stoned jackasses who will be watching the movie while waiting for their pizza to hydrate in the year 2017. (Collider)
Neil Patrick Harris (the actor and the character) is returning for the third installment of the Harold and Kumar trilogy. Harris joins the original stars, John Cho and Kal Penn, as well as newcomers Patton Oswalt and Thomas Lennon.The film, currently titled A Very Harold & Kumar Christmas, has already begun shooting at a mall in Michigan. Unfortunately, it's not slated for release until Christmas of 2011. If that bums you out, just get stoned, click here, and forget I said anything. (Empire Online)
Harold & Kumar 3 began filming today in a mall in Michigan, and the cast and creators are tweeting about their adventures. John Cho, the Asian in the dynamic cannabis-loving duo had this to say: "In Michigan, @pattonoswalt in my vicinity, holding a sketch pad, duct tape, and a reel to reel audio recorder. Eeesh." Whoa, so Patton Oswalt is on set too?! Oswalt tweeted: "Maybe it's this Michigan air, but @JohnTheCho is looking huggable, chloroform-able, and bury-able."As much as I'd love Oswalt being there to star in the movie, I gather by his tweet that he's simply hanging around set to chloroform, rape, and murder John Cho. He didn't specifically say "rape" but chloroform isn't used for much else these days. And since Kal Penn didn't chime in on Twitter, he must already be under floorboards somewhere. Check out some pics from the set after the jump…
Directors: Todd Strauss-SchulsonCast: John Cho, Kal Penn, Patton Oswalt, Thomas LennonSynopsis: The dynamic cannabis-loving duo get involved in a Christmas adventure.
Everyone's favorite stoners (besides Cheech & Chong; Spiccoli; the guys in Half-Baked; Chris Tucker's Smokey; The Dude; Method Man and Redman; the Pineapple Expressers; Jay and Silent Bob; the guy with the hat in Dazed and Confused; Kristen Stewart; Tenacious D; Snoop Dogg; Doug Benson; and Brenda Blethyn in Saving Grace) Harold & Kumar are gearing up for another big screen adventure. The sequel will be Christmas-themed and marks the return of Kal Penn to Hollywood, after he joined forces with Obama as the associate director of Made-Up Position.Producers are seriously considering releasing the film in 3D, because if there's one thing their target audience (guys who work the night-shift at Carvel) have, it's $25 for a movie ticket. (Deadline)
The Futon Critic snagged a great interview with David S. Goyer (The Dark Knight, Blade) and Marc Guggenheim, Executive Producers on the new ABC sci-fi/drama FlashForward. In it they discuss the confusion over the show's labeled genre, the difficulties of writing a serialized show for today's viewers, and the mysterious date of April 29, 2010, the day the characters experienced their flash forwards. If you're not aware of the show's premise, basically when a mysterious event causes the entire world to black out for two minutes and seventeen seconds, humanity is given a glimpse into its near future, and every man, woman, and child is forced to come to grips with whether their destinies can be avoided or fulfilled. Read the interview in full by clicking on Goyer's delightful smile below.
Network: ABCCast: Joseph Fiennes, John Cho, Courtney B. VanceProducers: David S. Goyer, Brannon Braga, Marc Guggenheim Synopsis: When a mysterious event causes the entire world to black out, humanity is given a glimpse into its near future, and every man, woman and child is forced to come to grips with whether their destinies can be avoided of fulfilled.


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Skip to main content
Is there anything I can do to prevent STDs after having unprotected sex?
Hi I'm a 17 year old girl and I've been sexually active with my boyfriend for a few months. We always use condoms. But recently we have been trying this new thing where I sit on him, facing him (naked obviously) and his penis is straight up and we just kinda rub up and down for a little bit. He always pees before we do stuff cause I hear that lowers pre-cum risk and also I always watch his penis as we do this so I can make sure I see nothing coming out. Also, My vagina never touches the head, it just rubs the base. Is there a pregnancy risk here? I thought it sounded safe but I still wanted to know for sure. If it's not we'll stop!
One of the ways to help prevent cervical cancer and/or HPV infection is by taking a vaccination with HPV vaccine. I read it somewhere and it says that ideally females should get the vaccine before they are sexually active. This is because the vaccine is most effective in women/girls who have not yet acquired any of the HPV types covered by the vaccine. I'm just wondering, what if the female had sex only once and no protection was used and the guy did not ejaculate into the vagina. In other words, the female is sexually active. Well, if she had sex even once, its still considered as sexually active right? So what if the female is sexually active, like how I described it? Is there any difference? I mean, the female can still take the vaccination but is there any side effects or its the same as a female who is not sexually active since they guy did not ejaculate? thank you (:
I have a questionable ailment...I've developed a rash the day after my boyfriend and I have had sex but we've been together for 3 years, lost our virginity together and stay monogamous. So I can't see any risk in any STIs although I am planing to get a check-up soon. The rash is around my vaginal area but also near my bottom. I'm guessing I'm allergic to the latex or lube used or it could be because I shaved...should I be worried? Thank You
I had sex a few days after my period and I made sure it was over. I lied to my boyfriend bout it so that I had time to make sure it was clean. 3 weeks later I had my period. My periods are usually irregular so I figured it's okay. But I'm still so so worried. Please help! Could I be pregnant? I haven't been feeling anything at all and I've only done it once, just that night. No sperm came out either.
Hello, I love your site very much as it offers straight and honest answers to questions that we ask ourselves every day. Thanks a lot for that ^_^
I am 23 years old, and I have 1 1/2 questions. I am currently taking Loestrin24 Fe and have been on it for about a year and a half. My main use for it was to help with painful cramps I would get every month, but now I have become sexually active with my fiance. We were both virgins who believe that sex should only be shared by two people who are truly in love and I know that I can trust him 100%. So STDs are really not an issue and I have been having sex without any other form of contraception other than birth control. My first question is as follows, is it possible/more likely to get pregnant while taking the inactive pills of the birth control cycle pack? Is it absolutely necessary to use a condom as a secondary form of birth control while I am on the inactive pills?
My next and main question is this, currently I start my pill pack on a Monday, and with this specific birth control I start the inactive pills on a Thursday therefore I get my "period" on a Saturday. I don't want to get my period on a weekend anymore, so what is the best way to restart my cycle so that I get it say on a Monday or Tuesday. Would it be okay to just take the inactive pills up to Sunday which is the last day I am currently taking them, go without taking ANY pills for two days and start the new pack on a Wednesday-- or should I just skip some of the inactive pills altogether? Thanks a lot for your time, your site is very helpful :)
About 4 months ago, I had unprotected oral sex with a guy that I know has been with at least a few other girls. The question of protection or other sexual partners never came up, although he knew that I was a virgin and that he was not. I was worried about my risk for HIV, again, I do not know his history. I have had no testing or symptoms as of yet.
Hello, my name is Monica and I've been in a relationship for quite some time now. Last night, my boyfriend and I decided that we were ready to make love together. We used protection (a condom), but I'm still very afraid because this morning I woke up with weird feelings in my stomach. They don't feel like cramps but they are bothersome and it feels as though I have something in my stomach...I don't know how to describe these weird feelings, but last time I had sex, I used protection and experienced these same feelings and I was not pregnant. But I'm still afraid and I feel as though I need to ask if it is normal to ever experience these weird feelings. I asked two of my friends, and they also said they experienced these weird feelings as well. I was just wondering if I should be scared about anything? I have been really upset this whole day because I need to know what is going on. Please help me as soon as possible. Thank you for your time.
Hi! I am a 15 year-old girl who has a concern about first time sex. During first time sex, which method of contraception is safer to use? Is it the condom?
What happens if the condom slips off???
Information on this site is provided for educational purposes. It is not meant to and cannot substitute for advice or care provided by an in-person medical professional. The information contained herein is not meant to be used to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease, or for prescribing any medication. You should always consult your own healthcare provider if you have a health problem or medical condition.


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Laptop Medion MD40734 Same as FID2060 From ToysRUs & Aldi. Made about last 2 to 3 years I know off.This is a common problem when trying to upgrade XP with SP2. SP2 will load but then Windows XP will hang after restarting computer.
I have noted 5 people in UK and others outside UK with exact same problem.
MS SP2 Help at http://www.michna.com/kb/WxSP2.htm
They suggest removing SP2 then fix from MS help as follows http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=9b99c199-5d75-454f-ae07-b620727be8d8 then load SP2 again. When it fails again same with problem they suggest new BIOS. Medion new BIOS at http://www.medion.co.uk/ using AGP Interface Driver FID 2060
and use instructions given. If your drive is NFTS with only one partition (or not original format) you will have to disregard their instructions and copy file to a floppy or CD and run from there.
IT WILL NOT MAKE A BACKUP OF YOU BIOS even though it has it on screen when file open.
I strongly advise you do not use this BIOS update as it will probably cause lockup on loading on POST.
I saw somewhere you can load BIOS through DOS making a backup of BIOS as you load new updated BIOS. Not sure that if even if you did that you could reload old BIOS if all goes wrong.
Suggest forget SP2 until Medion get this sorted. You may end up needing new Motherboard.
I have tried all this and still have the problem. Can actually access Windows XP by using Medion Application and support CD so all is not lost. Didn't have a lot on Hard Drive anyway as have just renewed as was faulty. Only 20 months old.
Try this site to find BIOS info http://www.esupport.com/biosagent/ They asked for £25 for new BIOS. Don't know if any use. Feel fee to email me and I will help if possible or if you can help me. Thanks.
Hi there,
I have had the same problem with my Medion Laptop.
Bought it some 20 months ago.
When I decided to put SP2 in it I read the forums and realised that there are problems with the graphics locking up.
I then proceded to update the BIOS as supplied by the Medion site, no problems all went well.
I then put SP2 in and the Laptop worked perfectly for the last 8 months or so.
I have recently been having problems with the PCMCIA card I had installed and I, foolishly, decided to completely rebuild the Laptop.
Now I find that I can load up the XP PRO upto and including SP1 but as soon as I the SP2 it all goes tits up and locks the as the graphics drivers load.
Surely the BIOS flash should still be in the BIOS and therfore it should load SP2 OK now.
I dunno I am totally confused, not to mention a bit miffed, any suggestions from either you or anyone else would be welcome.
I wrote an article regarding this issue and my resolution:


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Genevar Quick Start: cis-eQTL – Gene
In this example:
- Observed eQTLs in a 2-Mb window around the GBP3 locus in HapMap3 CHB
- Significant SNPs within the chromosome region are listed below
- Dotted line represents the 0.001 p-value threshold
- Information of SNPs will be displayed in a tip text when hovering the cursor over the SNP of interest
- Results can be saved as a PNG diagram or exported as a tab-delimited list
- External links to three major genome browsers
Step-by-Step Guide
- Select a dataset of interest (e.g. HapMap3).
- Choose reference source (e.g. Ensembl).
- Type in gene symbol of interest (e.g. GBP3).
- Match entire word (optional)?
- Submit and search from the selected dataset and reference.
- Select genes of interest.
- Submit to find matched transcripts.
- Select probes of interest.
- Set parameters (e.g. Spearman's rho, 1 Mb, p < 0.001).
- Submit to get mapping results.
Genevar - Hints on exporting diagrams, zooming in/back, and details of eQTLs
Exporting Diagrams
Right-click on the diagram and choose Save as.
Zoom in
Left-click and drag the mouse from top-left to buttom-center in order to draw a rectangle.
Then release the mouse button.
Zoom back
Press the mouse button and move backwards before release it.
Details of eQTLs
It will be displayed in a tip text when hovering the mouse pointer over the eQTL of interest.


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Getting that (g)Wap.
Fetty Wap Review
From Jordan K:
Bishop Lamont's "Team America: F**k Yeah Special Forces"
Carson, CA native Bishop Lamont, also known as the previous protégé to Dr. Dre (Aftermath Records), released the untagged and fully mastered version of Team America: F**K Yeah Special Forces. Lamont co-stars with Indef in this action/comedy album, which might have the WGA (Writers Guild of America) wanting more. The duel blazes through war against the most powerful Hollywood movie stars –Adam Sandler, Cuba Gooding Jr. and Tom Cruise. If A-list celebrities aren't enough, they take on –Commander and Chief Barak Obama, Osama bin Laden and Kim Jong-Il.
This is one of two Diocese Entertainment projects to hit iTunes before Lamont's debut album Reformation.
Visit Amazon.com to purchase Team America: F**K Yeah Special Forces.
Visit Bishop Lamont at:
From M3W:
MP3: Monica f/ Lil' Kim, Rick Ross - "Anything (To Find You)"
* http://www.mp3waxx.com/jobfolders/monicarickross/blast-page.html *
From Audible Treats:
Video: DJ JS-1 - No One Cares (Album Sampler)
DJ-JS 1 has been on a tear since the release of his latest album, No One Cares, as the accolades and strong reviews continue to pour in. But just in case you've been living under a rock, and haven't yet had a chance to check out JS-1's latest and greatest effort, the world-renowned DJ/producer is happy to release a brand new album sampler, giving the uninitiated listener the chance to preview a handful of tracks before purchasing the full album. .Coming in at just a shade over twenty minutes, the album sampler, which hits every track on the record with the order changed around slightly to JS-1's liking, starts off with the appropriately titled "Murder the DJ." From there, the Queens, NY DJ flows in and out of tracks like "Goin Out", "Last To Know," and "Reppin' NY," with the three tracks featuring a mix of lyricists, including Homeboy Sandman, Tonedeff, Joell Ortiz, Freddie Foxxx, and more.DJ JS-1's new album, No One Cares, is now available via a joint venture between Fat Beats Distribution and JS-1's own Ground Original.
From Park Street PR:
Video: Jaz Kahina f/ Agallah - "Gone"
Video: Dolla Boy ft. 2 Chainz aka Tity Boi - "Grind On"
From Max Tannone:
I'm excited to share Ghostfunk, my new project! I just uploaded it a few moments ago! It is a remix album that combines Wu-Tang member Ghostface Killah with the sounds of vintage African funk, high-life, and psychdelic rock. http://ghostfunk.com Ghostfunk is free to download and stream. I hope you enjoy it.
From BF Blasts:
MP3: Mateo f/ Ab Liva, Goapele - "Don't Shoot Me Down"
Clean/Dirty http://www.mediafire.com/?vp27i11w0v4i2yk .
From Rashid Littlejohn:
Video: Presice Performance @ Karma Lounge (7-7-11)
From Sapient:
Video: Sapient - "Grown Up"
Welcome to RapReviews.com for the week of October 6th, 2015!!
Please shop Amazon through RapReviews and
like us on Facebook so
we can bring you new material every week. We're back in effect
this week with NINE NEW ITEMS for your perusal:
Bruse Wane's "Earl Manigault of Rap,"
an editorial with the Fifteen Important Rap Videos From 2005,
Fetty Wap's "Fetty Wap" (our featured review),
Ghostface Killah's "Twelve Reasons to Die II,"
a Donavon Frelow for MMA Mania,
Steve 'Flash' Juon's The Hip-Hop Shop #345,
Lanz Pierce's "Editors Eye,"
Emanuel Wallace's The (W)rap Up for September 29, 2015 and
Words Hurt's "ALKAST:REMIXES."
Be sure to check the RapReviews newsfeed for the
latest news and updates. Subscribe
to the newsfeed via your browser for the latest news and articles.
RapReviews.com also recommends Over the Top Rario #345 from the AngryMarks Podcast Network.
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Thanks for visiting RapReviews.com!!


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Old Capital Golf Club
3 Reviews
- 1605 Highway 62 NE, Corydon, IN 47112
- (812) 738-2277
|18 total holes at facility
|Green fees - $34 to $47 (estimate)
|Designed by J. Christopher Commins
|Built in 1946
|Bermuda Grass
|Driving Range: Yes
|Public golf course
Old Capital Golf Club is an 18-hole regulation length golf course in Corydon, Indiana. This medium-length layout features 4 sets of teeboxes for the enjoyment of golfers of all skill levels. Online tee times may be available at Old Capital Golf Club or at nearby golf courses, usually offered at a discount from the normal rate.
|Course Rating
|Back Tees
|Golf Pro: Troy Newport, PGA
|Course Superintendent: P. Andrew Rideout
|Manager: Troy Newport, PGA
Note: The data is most often valid, however, occasionally there will be mistakes. Should you come upon any problems, please let us know.
Tee Times for Old Capital Golf Club (and other courses)
4.5 Stars (3 Reviews) - Last updated on July 15, 2014
There is a Yelp.com page for "Capital City Club - Brookhaven - Atlanta, GA"
The score on Yelp is 4.5 out of 5. That score is an average of 3 ratings, and it is rounded to the nearest 0.5. Also note that sometimes Yelp excludes from that score any reviews that that it classifies as "not recommended."
Read reviews on Yelp.com
Please login to add your review.


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- 373Promote
Framed Art Print
Fractal Geometric Giraffeby Budi Kwan
Choose from a variety of frame styles, colors and sizes to compliment your favorite Society6 gallery, or fine art print - made ready to hang. Fine-crafted from solid woods, premium shatterproof acrylic protects the face of the art print, while an acid free dust cover on the back provides a custom finish. All framed art prints include wall hanging hardware.
Animal in block, simple, minimalist and colorful shapes pattern


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Share Your Ideas For A Stronger Economy
New York has clearly faced major economic challenges in recent years. That's why – in partnership with Governor Andrew Cuomo – we took decisive action during this year's Legislative Session to help revitalize our economy and create new job opportunities.
Taken together, these changes and reforms represent one of the boldest job-creation plans New York State has enacted in decades. That's good news – especially in terms of our efforts to create new jobs here right in our local community.
During the budget process, I had the Privilege of chairing the Budget Conference Committee on Economic Development and Taxes. The positive steps we've taken to create a stronger economy include the following:
- 10 new regional economic development councils to boost local job growth
- A State Budget that cuts spending, avoids tax increases and helps create jobs
- A major personal income tax cut to help small businesses grow
- An historic 2% property tax cap to transform our State's economic climate
- New mandate relief to reduce taxing and spending pressures at the local level
- New Recharge NY program to ensure low cost power for economic growth
- Funding restorations to strengthen farms and agriculture-related businesses
- New initiatives to help make investment capital available to small businesses
We've clearly made great progress, but major challenges still lie ahead.
As we begin taking the next steps in our fight to strengthen New York's economy, and as Chairman of the Committee on Economic Development, I am actively encouraging your input, feedback and participation. If you have an idea to help create new jobs and promote economic growth, please let me know by filling out the form below or sending me an e-mail at email@example.com.
I truly appreciate this opportunity to keep you informed, and I look forward to hearing from you in the days ahead.


text: Getty Images Mass. Democrats and Republicans Critical Of Obama's Budget By Jim Phillips April 10, 2013 Republicans and Democrats in Massachusetts are faulting President Barack Obama for proposing changes that would trim Social Security and Medicare benefits. Read More|Comment Category: Articles, News Tags: Medicare, president obama, Rep. Edward Markey, Rep. Stephen Lynch, Senator Elizabeth Warren, social security Send to a friend! Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr!


text: http://ubuntuforums.org – Well, it's just as the title says. I'm running 12.10, and honestly I'm stumped as to what my problem is. Sometimes my computer will fail to boot multiple times in a row, then all the sudden work great. Usually during the failed boots I get an error message "grub: out of disk", and I have to turn off the computer. Sometimes, I get that same message, and it will boot fine until the desktop loads, then everything will freeze except the mouse pointer. After a couple tries, it will work just fine (I'm posting this on it right now!). Usually the only time it will freeze after a succe (Hardware)


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The Magazine
Traveling Fellow
If I.F. Stone wasn't a spy, he was the next best thing.
Nov 13, 2006, Vol. 12, No. 09 • By JUDY BACHRACH
The Best of I.F. Stone
All Governments Lie
Simultaneously, and with considerable fanfare, two books relating to the influential left-wing journalist I.F. "Izzy" Stone have recently appeared. Stone, who was until 1971 the sole and much-beloved proprietor of his small eponymous weekly, was by reputation a magnificent figure: Independent, irascible, fierce, a model for generations of journalists--and best of all, sometimes right.
The onetime Stone protégé Peter Osnos, founder of the publishing company that has just brought out 65 of Stone's essays, honors that reputation in two ways: first by pointing out in his introduction to The Best of I.F. Stone how much Stone admired him, Peter Osnos ("You sure are a pistol, Pete. I never should have let you go"). And then by recalling a 1989 postmortem cartoon by Pat Oliphant depicting Stone, notebook in hand, standing before a weary St. Peter, who complains to an unseen Deity: "He doesn't want to come in--he'd rather hang around out here and keep things honest."
Similarly, Myra MacPherson, in her Stone hagiography--essentially a companion volume; Osnos himself calls it "first-rate"--is equally vehement regarding Stone's gift for inspiration, perhaps with reason. Philip Roth and E.L. Doctorow, Joseph Heller and Jules Feiffer, she points out, were all readers of Stone. In the '50s, Stone attacked Joseph McCarthy; in the '60s, he was embraced by college activists with whom he shared an active loathing of the Vietnam war: "Self-deception has been the characteristic of our leadership in this war from its beginning," he wrote.
It is easy to remember Izzy for these things alone. "The 20th century's premier independent journalist," MacPherson calls him. "His work helps evaluate the best and the worst in today's journalism. Although Stone inspired many, he was too much of an original to be fully emulated."
If MacPherson is adamant on the subject of Stone's honesty and inimitability, it is partly because of recent journalistic infractions, which the author enumerates bitterly and without many servile concessions to grammar or polish: "A compliant White House press corps, known to some in the trade as 'access whores,'" she writes; "'liars for hire' paid by the administration to tout its programs, deferential acceptance of administration fibs--all are disgraceful capitulations to power. . . . A miracle would be the day that the media did not show up for hollow photo-ops such as 'Mission Accomplished.'"
But let's set aside questions of style, clearly neither the book's strong suit nor its focus. As it happens, MacPherson has a point. Those writers who suspend critical judgment in return for access or (even worse) secret sums dispensed by governments are a disgrace to the profession, and there have been too many in recent times to dismiss them as aberrations. Unfortunately in this regard, too, Izzy was a pioneer, as I discovered.
For years, there had been rumors floating about Stone, suspicions that he might have had quiet dealings with emissaries from the Soviet Union--stories unmentioned by Osnos, and which MacPherson in her biography on every possible occasion calls "lies." The promulgators of these lies are, to her mind, alternately members of "the rabid right" or "neocons." And, of course, many of Stone's detractors do, in fact, belong to one or the other of these groups. "After Stone was safely dead," the author adds, these parties "displayed their estimable courage by slandering Stone as a Soviet spy."
But the use of the word "spy" is a red herring (in the same way it would be incorrect to say Stone was a Mafia don or a cat burglar. These were not his failings.). Nonetheless it is instructive, and perhaps revealing, to read Stone's 1953 description of America's reaction to Stalin's death, which he considered insufficiently elaborate and lacking in pomp: "The stress put by the White House on the fact that its condolences were merely 'official' was small-minded and unworthy of a great power," he wrote. "Magnanimous salute was called for on such an occasion." Why? Because "every great leader is the reflection of the people he leads and Stalin in this sense was Russia."
It is not the right alone that marvels these days at Izzy's call for magnanim ity on such an occasion. World War II had been won with Russia's help--eight years earlier. Who needed to honor the bastard now that he was dead?


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Hello from Clarenzio!
Been a while since I've writtien anything . Never attempted a Blog. Partly cause my minds always in a Blog :p :p .
So its 2012 .. Is d world gonna end now finally ???
We'll I know one thing for sure , it's time to hit d pad soon . Sooner dan soon and start belting out new tunes . And come dis summer I hope we get to share dem wid our fans , and listeners .
I have been in touch some people since 2011 and I wud definitely call them fans and supporters – cause dey really come for every gig, dey make an effort to stay in touch figure out wats happenin in d band . And it's a really warm nd humbling experience to play infront of dem . And just to be in contact wid dem . Never gave much consideration to d audience after gig before.
So yeah people, sounds like a politician pr line _ BUT — support nd love ur fans cause they sure as hell do dat for U
Well enough for now. Will update more mind spill soon . Sooner
Miss playing Wid my Band !


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The Law School has become the third law school in the country to participate in the American Bar Association-Environmental Protection Agency Law Office Climate Challenge.
The program, which has over 100 participants, is open to law offices and law-related entities that adopt best practices for office paper management or participate in one or more of three EPA voluntary partnership programs.
The Law School's eligibility stems from the University's membership in the EPA's WasteWise program. WasteWise, launched in 1994, provides guidance to more than 2,000 partners on implementing innovative waste prevention and recycling techniques.
The Law School has recycled 22 percent of its waste stream thus far during the current fiscal year, compared to 13 percent for the same period last year.
"Suffolk University Law School is engaged in multiple initiatives to reduce our environmental impact, and we are pleased to be a new participant in the ABA-EPA Climate Challenge," said Associate Dean John Deliso.
The Law School's Environmental Law Society advocated for participation in the Climate Challenge, and the school applied and was accepted into the program.
"The Environmental Law Society is proud that Suffolk University Law School's efforts to be environmentally responsible have been recognized by the American Bar Association as meeting its Climate Challenge and hope that many schools choose to follow our lead," said Samantha McDonald, vice president of the Environmental Law Society and a third-year law student.
The Climate Challenge is designed to encourage the conservation of energy and resources, as well as to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. The two-year pilot project was initiated in March 2007.


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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
ACRP AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM REPORT 9 Sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration Summarizing and Interpreting Aircraft Gaseous and Particulate Emissions Data
ACRP OVERSIGHT COMMITTEE* TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2008 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE* CHAIR OFFICERS James Wilding CHAIR: Debra L. Miller, Secretary, Kansas DOT, Topeka Independent Consultant VICE CHAIR: Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board VICE CHAIR Jeff Hamiel MEMBERS MinneapolisSt. Paul Metropolitan Airports Commission J. Barry Barker, Executive Director, Transit Authority of River City, Louisville, KY Allen D. Biehler, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg MEMBERS John D. Bowe, President, Americas Region, APL Limited, Oakland, CA Larry L. Brown, Sr., Executive Director, Mississippi DOT, Jackson James Crites DallasFort Worth International Airport Deborah H. Butler, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Richard de Neufville Norfolk, VA Massachusetts Institute of Technology William A.V. Clark, Professor, Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles Kevin C. Dolliole David S. Ekern, Commissioner, Virginia DOT, Richmond Unison Consulting Nicholas J. Garber, Henry L. Kinnier Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Virginia, John K. Duval Charlottesville Beverly Municipal Airport Jeffrey W. Hamiel, Executive Director, Metropolitan Airports Commission, Minneapolis, MN Steve Grossman Oakland International Airport Edward A. (Ned) Helme, President, Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC Tom Jensen Will Kempton, Director, California DOT, Sacramento National Safe Skies Alliance Susan Martinovich, Director, Nevada DOT, Carson City Catherine M. Lang Michael D. Meyer, Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Federal Aviation Administration Technology, Atlanta Gina Marie Lindsey Michael R. Morris, Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of Governments, Arlington Los Angeles World Airports Neil J. Pedersen, Administrator, Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore Carolyn Motz Hagerstown Regional Airport Pete K. Rahn, Director, Missouri DOT, Jefferson City Richard Tucker Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor of Planning, University of Arizona, Tucson Huntsville International Airport Tracy L. Rosser, Vice President, Corporate Traffic, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Bentonville, AR Rosa Clausell Rountree, Executive Director, Georgia State Road and Tollway Authority, Atlanta EX OFFICIO MEMBERS Henry G. (Gerry) Schwartz, Jr., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, MO Sabrina Johnson C. Michael Walton, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of Texas, Austin U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Linda S. Watson, CEO, LYNXCentral Florida Regional Transportation Authority, Orlando Richard Marchi Steve Williams, Chairman and CEO, Maverick Transportation, Inc., Little Rock, AR Airports Council International--North America Laura McKee EX OFFICIO MEMBERS Air Transport Association of America Henry Ogrodzinski Thad Allen (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, Washington, DC National Association of State Aviation Officials Joseph H. Boardman, Federal Railroad Administrator, U.S.DOT Melissa Sabatine Rebecca M. Brewster, President and COO, American Transportation Research Institute, Smyrna, GA American Association of Airport Executives Paul R. Brubaker, Research and Innovative Technology Administrator, U.S.DOT Robert E. Skinner, Jr. George Bugliarello, Chancellor, Polytechnic University of New York, Brooklyn, and Foreign Secretary, Transportation Research Board National Academy of Engineering, Washington, DC Sean T. Connaughton, Maritime Administrator, U.S.DOT SECRETARY LeRoy Gishi, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Christopher W. Jenks Interior, Washington, DC Transportation Research Board Edward R. Hamberger, President and CEO, Association of American Railroads, Washington, DC John H. Hill, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administrator, U.S.DOT John C. Horsley, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC Carl T. Johnson, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administrator, U.S.DOT J. Edward Johnson, Director, Applied Science Directorate, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, John C. Stennis Space Center, MS David Kelly, Acting Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S.DOT Thomas J. Madison, Jr., Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S.DOT William W. Millar, President, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC James S. Simpson, Federal Transit Administrator, U.S.DOT Robert A. Sturgell, Acting Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S.DOT Robert L. Van Antwerp (Lt. Gen., U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC *Membership as of October 2008. *Membership as of October 2008.
AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM ACRP REPORT 9 Summarizing and Interpreting Aircraft Gaseous and Particulate Emissions Data Philip D. Whitefield, Prem Lobo, and Donald E. Hagen MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTER OF EXCELLENCE FOR AEROSPACE PARTICULATE EMISSIONS REDUCTION RESEARCH Rolla, MO IN ASSOCIATION WITH Michael T. Timko and Richard C. Miake-Lye AERODYNE RESEARCH, INC. Billerica, MA Christine Taylor, Gayle Ratliff, Stephen Lukachko, Chris Sequeira, James Hileman, and Ian Waitz MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Cambridge, MA Sandy Webb ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING GROUP, LLC Annapolis, MD Theodore G. Thrasher, Melissa R. Ohsfeldt, Hong K. Kaing, and Stephane C. Essama CSSI, INC. Washington, D.C. Subject Area Aviation Research sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 2008 www.TRB.org
AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM ACRP REPORT 9 Airports are vital national resources. They serve a key role in trans- Project 02-04A portation of people and goods and in regional, national, and inter- ISSN 1935-9802 national commerce. They are where the nation's aviation system ISBN: 978-0-309-11760-9 connects with other modes of transportation and where federal respon- Library of Congress Control Number 2008910032 sibility for managing and regulating air traffic operations intersects with the role of state and local governments that own and operate most © 2008 Transportation Research Board airports. Research is necessary to solve common operating problems, to adapt appropriate new technologies from other industries, and to introduce innovations into the airport industry. The Airport Coopera- COPYRIGHT PERMISSION tive Research Program (ACRP) serves as one of the principal means by Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining which the airport industry can develop innovative near-term solutions written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously to meet demands placed on it. published or copyrighted material used herein. The need for ACRP was identified in TRB Special Report 272: Airport Research Needs: Cooperative Solutions in 2003, based on a study spon- Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the sored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The ACRP carries understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB or FAA endorsement out applied research on problems that are shared by airport operating of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the agencies and are not being adequately addressed by existing federal material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate research programs. It is modeled after the successful National Coopera- acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of tive Highway Research Program and Transit Cooperative Research Pro- the material, request permission from CRP. gram. The ACRP undertakes research and other technical activities in a variety of airport subject areas, including design, construction, mainte- nance, operations, safety, security, policy, planning, human resources, NOTICE and administration. The ACRP provides a forum where airport opera- tors can cooperatively address common operational problems. The project that is the subject of this report was a part of the Airport Cooperative Research Program conducted by the Transportation Research Board with the approval of the The ACRP was authorized in December 2003 as part of the Vision Governing Board of the National Research Council. Such approval reflects the Governing 100-Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act. The primary partici- Board's judgment that the project concerned is appropriate with respect to both the pants in the ACRP are (1) an independent governing board, the ACRP purposes and resources of the National Research Council. Oversight Committee (AOC), appointed by the Secretary of the U.S. The members of the technical advisory panel selected to monitor this project and to review Department of Transportation with representation from airport oper- this report were chosen for recognized scholarly competence and with due consideration ating agencies, other stakeholders, and relevant industry organizations for the balance of disciplines appropriate to the project. The opinions and conclusions such as the Airports Council International-North America (ACI-NA), expressed or implied are those of the research agency that performed the research, and the American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE), the National while they have been accepted as appropriate by the technical panel, they are not Association of State Aviation Officials (NASAO), and the Air Transport necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board, the National Research Council, or the Federal Aviation Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Association (ATA) as vital links to the airport community; (2) the TRB as program manager and secretariat for the governing board; and Each report is reviewed and accepted for publication by the technical panel according to (3) the FAA as program sponsor. In October 2005, the FAA executed a procedures established and monitored by the Transportation Research Board Executive Committee and the Governing Board of the National Research Council. contract with the National Academies formally initiating the program. The ACRP benefits from the cooperation and participation of airport The Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, the National Research professionals, air carriers, shippers, state and local government officials, Council, and the Federal Aviation Administration (sponsor of the Airport Cooperative Research Program) do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' equipment and service suppliers, other airport users, and research orga- names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the clarity and nizations. Each of these participants has different interests and respon- completeness of the project reporting. sibilities, and each is an integral part of this cooperative research effort. Research problem statements for the ACRP are solicited periodically but may be submitted to the TRB by anyone at any time. It is the responsibility of the AOC to formulate the research program by iden- tifying the highest priority projects and defining funding levels and expected products. Once selected, each ACRP project is assigned to an expert panel, appointed by the TRB. Panels include experienced practitioners and research specialists; heavy emphasis is placed on including airport pro- fessionals, the intended users of the research products. The panels pre- pare project statements (requests for proposals), select contractors, and provide technical guidance and counsel throughout the life of the project. The process for developing research problem statements and Published reports of the selecting research agencies has been used by TRB in managing cooper- AIRPORT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM ative research programs since 1962. As in other TRB activities, ACRP are available from: project panels serve voluntarily without compensation. Primary emphasis is placed on disseminating ACRP results to the Transportation Research Board Business Office intended end-users of the research: airport operating agencies, service 500 Fifth Street, NW providers, and suppliers. The ACRP produces a series of research Washington, DC 20001 reports for use by airport operators, local agencies, the FAA, and other interested parties, and industry associations may arrange for work- and can be ordered through the Internet at shops, training aids, field visits, and other activities to ensure that http://www.national-academies.org/trb/bookstore results are implemented by airport-industry practitioners. Printed in the United States of America
COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS CRP STAFF FOR ACRP REPORT 9 Christopher W. Jenks, Director, Cooperative Research Programs Crawford F. Jencks, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs Christine L. Gerencher, Senior Program Officer Eileen P. Delaney, Director of Publications Ellen Chafee, Assistant Editor ACRP PROJECT 02-04A PANEL Field of Environment Mary L. Vigilante, Synergy Consultants, Inc., Seattle, WA (Chair) Keith L. Beasley, Massachusetts Port Authority, East Boston, MA Anuj Bhargava, Pratt and Whitney, East Hartford, CT Alison Bird, Federal Express Corporation, Mesa, AZ Elizabeth Leavitt, Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, Seattle, WA John R. Pehrson, Camp, Dresser and McKee, Inc., Irvine, CA Carl Ma, FAA Liaison Sabrina Johnson, EPA Liaison Tim A. Pohle, Air Transport Association Liaison Jessica Steinhilber, Airports Council InternationalNorth America Liaison Chowen Chou Wey, Department of the Army Liaison
FOREWORD By Christine L. Gerencher Staff Officer Transportation Research Board ACRP Report 9: Summarizing and Interpreting Aircraft Gaseous and Particulate Emissions Data provides a summary of a series of government-sponsored aircraft emissions tests that were undertaken to gain a better understanding of gaseous and particulate emissions from aircraft engines. Copious amounts of data were collected as part of this scientific effort, known as the Aircraft Particle Emissions eXperiment (APEX) tests and Delta Atlanta Harts- field test. This report summarizes the data gathered in these studies to help the airport community and general public understand how the data can be used to develop better air quality assessments in the airport environment. The APEX and Delta Atlanta Hartsfield series of tests were a collaborative scientific research effort of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the De- partment of Defense (DoD). Their main objective was to advance the understanding of particulate emissions by characterizing gaseous and particulate emissions from various in- service commercial aircraft engines. The participants in these tests performed an extensive set of measurements aimed at examining the effect of engine operating and ambient atmo- spheric conditions on emissions; simulating emissions at airports; and studying fuel effects on particulate emissions by varying fuel composition. The first APEX test was conducted in April 2004 to collect a set of gaseous and particu- late emissions data from a DC-8 aircraft with CFM-56-2C1 engines owned by NASA. This test was followed by the Delta Atlanta Hartsfield Study in September 2004 where two MD-88 aircraft with JT8D engines, two B757 aircraft with PW2037 engines, and two B767 aircraft with CF6-80 engines were examined. A third test in August 2005 examined emissions from two B737-700 aircraft with CFM56-7B22 engines and two 737-300 aircraft with CFM56-3B1 engines and a fourth test, conducted in October-November 2005, evaluated emissions from a Learjet25 aircraft with CJ610 engines, an A300-600 aircraft with PW4158 engines, two B757 aircraft with RB211-535E4B Phase 5 engines, an ERJ aircraft with AE3007- A1E engines, an ERJ aircraft with AE3007-A1P engines, and a B737-300 aircraft with CFM56- 3B engines. In addition to the gaseous and particulate emissions measurements from static aircraft tests, there were two occasions when aircraft taxi and take off emissions were measured downstream of an active runway during normal airport operations. One of these was at Oakland International Airport during the second APEX test, known as JETS-APEX2, and the other was at Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta International Airport during the Delta Atlanta Hartsfield Study. These sets of data afforded surveys of the particulate and gaseous emis- sions of a wide range of aircraft.
Substantial gaseous and particulate emissions data have been obtained from this series of tests, at a cumulative cost of almost $4 million. This report summarizes the extensive data and analyses of the test results to provide clarification for the airport community and gen- eral public on how the data can and cannot be used in the development of local air quality analysis.
CONTENTS 1 Summary 5 Chapter 1 Primer on Particulate Matter Emissions from Aviation 5 1.1 What Is PM? 5 1.2 How and Where Is PM Formed at an Airport? 7 1.3 How Are PM Emissions Quantified? 8 1.4 How Is PM Regulated in the United States? 9 1.5 What Are the Most Recent Aviation PM Research Efforts? 9 1.6 Why Are Aviation-Related PM Issues Important to Airport Operators? 11 Chapter 2 Primer on Hazardous Air Pollutants 12 Chapter 3 Primer on Field Studies 12 3.1 APEX1 14 3.2 Delta Atlanta-Hartsfield Study 15 3.3 JETS-APEX2 17 3.4 APEX3 19 Chapter 4 Primer on Models 19 4.1 Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System 19 4.2 MOBILE 19 4.3 NONROAD 19 4.4 First Order Approximation 3.0 20 4.5 Aviation Environmental Design Tool 20 4.6 Aviation Environmental Portfolio Management Tool 20 4.7 Community Multi-Scale Air Quality Model 20 4.8 Microphysical Models 21 Chapter 5 Individual Reviews of Data from the Aircraft Field Measurement Campaigns 21 5.1 APEX1 22 5.2 Delta Atlanta-Hartsfield Study 23 5.3 JETS-APEX2 24 5.4 APEX3 25 Chapter 6 Gaseous and Particulate Matter Emissions Literature Review 25 6.1 Characteristics of Aircraft PM 26 6.2 Literature Reports on Aircraft PM 26 6.2.1 Relative Contributions from GSE and Aircraft Brakes/Tires 26 6.3 Modeling PM Using EDMS 27 6.4 Current Model Limitations 27 6.5 Mitigation
28 References 31 Appendix A Details of Measurement Campaigns 33 Appendix B Glossary of Terms 35 Appendix C Bibliography for the Literature Survey 41 Appendix D Additional Supporting Material for Chapter 5: Review of the Data from Measurement Campaigns


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Very pleasant night for a very reasonable price.
Our room was clean and homey and the owners friendly. Like staying with relatives.
We had a queen bed with the bathroom across the hall. There were no problems with the shared bath.
Enjoyed the breakfast.
Convenient to Northampton and the other Valley towns.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Recommended B&B in Massachusetts. ... more less


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Lancome Oscillation Mascara Launches at Lancome's Website
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