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Southeastern Louisiana University
Management 231
Test One (Ch.1-4)
Test One (Ch.1-4)
Management 231
Southeastern Louisiana University
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Kayla W.
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a body of enforceable rules governing relationships among individuals and between individuals and their society.
Natural Law
the belief that government and the legal system should reflect universal moral and ethical principles that are inherent in human nature. This school is the oldest and one of the most significant schools of legal thought.
The U.S. constitution and the constitutions of various states (constitutional law)
statutes, laws, passed by congress and by state legislatures (statutory law)
Regulations created by administrative agencies, such as FDA (regulatory law/administrative law)
case laws (court decisions)
What are the 4 primary sources of law?
constitutional law
of the four primary laws which one takes precedence?
constitutional law
the body of law derived from the U.S. Constitution and the constitutions of various states.
statutory laws
the body of law enacted by legislative bodies (as opposed to constitutional law, administrative law, or case law)
Administrative Law
The body of law created by administrative agencies (in the form of rules, regulations, orders, and decisions) in order to carry out their duties and responsibilities.
case law
the doctrines and principles announced in cases--governs all areas not covered by statutory law or administrative law and is part of our common law tradition.
It includes the aggregate of reported cases that interpret judicial precedents, statues, regulations, and constitutional provisions.
secondary sources of law
a publication that summarizes or interprets the law, such as a legal encyclopedia, a legal treatise, or an article in a law review.
The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)
It facilitates commerce and trade among the states by providing uniform, yet flexible, set of rules governing commercial transactions. It assures businesspersons that their contracts, if validly entered into, normally will be enforced.
all states have adopted it. Some not the complete ucc, but all states have adopted it in part.
which states have adopted the ucc?
common law
the body of law developed from custom or judicial decisions in English and U.S. courts, not attributable to legislature.
there were no statutes or anything. problems were brought to the king and he would render a decision. it was used commonly throughout england.
same as judge law because the judge made the decision
English states
Where did common law originate?
statute of limitations
a federal or state statute setting the maximum time period during which a certain action can be brought or certain rights enforced.
stare decisis
a common law doctrine under which judges are obligated to follow the precedents established in prior decisions.
that decisions made by a higher court are binding on lower courts
that a court should not overturn its own precedents unless there is a strong reason to do so
what are the two aspects of stare decisis?
administrative agencies
a federal or state government agency estab. to perform a specific function. They are authorized by legislative acts to make and enforce rules in order to administer and enforce the acts.
FDA, FCC, homeland security
wildlife and fisheries, dept. of agriculture
civil law
the branch of law dealing with the definition and enforcement of all private or public rights, as opposed to criminal matters. it is between individual policies
criminal law
law that defines and governs actions that constitute crimes. generally, criminal law has t do with wrongful actions committed against society for which society demands redress.
the plaintiff will always be the state or government.
unanimous opinion
when all judges or justices unanimously agree on an opinion
majority opinion
when the decision is not unanimous, but 5 out of 9 judges or justices for example agree with it then it is a what kind of opinion
dissenting opinion
presents the views of one or more judges who disagree with the majority's decision. This is important because it may form the basis of the arguments used years later in overruling the precedential majority opinion
the study of what constitutes right or wrong behavior.
if everybody acted ethically in the business world then people would not be in jail, lost their savings, etc
Why is ethics important?
duty-based ethical standards
when one makes a decision based on this standard, it is formed based upon religion bc of an obligation to religion. Under this is the principle of rights (the right to own property) and you cannot make a decision based upon someone else's rights....only based on the obligation you have to make it.
an approach to ethical reasoning that evaluates behavior in light of the consequences of that behavior for those who will be affected by it, rather than on the basis of any absolute ethical or moral values. In this reasoning, a "good" decision is one that results in the greatest good for the greatest number of people affected by the decision.
principle of rights
the principle that human beings have certain fundamental rights (to life, freedom, and the pursuit of happiness, for example) those who adhere to this "rights theory" believe that a key factor in determining whether a business decision is ethical is how that decision affects the rights of various groups. these groups include firm's owners, employees, the consumers of its products or services, its suppliers, the community in which it does business and the society as a whole.
cost-benefit analysis
a decision-making technique that involves weighing the costs of a given action against the benefits of that action.
utilitarianism, because you're thinking about the cost and the affects it will have on other people or the outcome or consequence, not just doing it out of obligation.
the cost-benefit analysis falls under which ethical standard?
corporate social responsibility
the idea that corporations can and should act ethically and be accountable to society for their actions.
stakeholder approach
if i'm the manager of a corp. I'm going to make my decision based the company as a whole. Looking at everyone that has a stake in the company
(shareholders, community, customers, employees and profit)
corporate citizenship
the idea that the corporation controls so much wealth and power of this country. business in turn has a responsibility ot society to use that wealth and power in socially beneficial ways. companies are judged on how much they donate to social causes, as well as how they conduct their operations with respect to employment discrimination, human rights, environmental concerns, and similar issues.
jurisdiction (over person, property, subject matter)
standing to sue
What is needed before a case can be heard in federal court?
the authority of a court to hear and decide a specific case. "the power to speak the law"
over the person = in personam
over the property = in rem
the geographic district in which a legal action in tried and from which the jury is selected.
standing to sue
the requirement that an individual must have a sufficient stake in the controversy before he or she can bring a lawsuit. The plaintiff must demonstrate that he or she has been either injured or threatened with injury.
question of fact
In a lawsuit, an issue that involves only disputed facts, and not what the law is on a given point. They are decided by the jury in a jury trial (by the judge if there is no jury)
original court
question of law
in a lawsuit, an issue involving the application of interpretation of a law. Only a judge, not a jury, can rule on this.
appellate court--no evidence, testimony, or new info.
voir dire
old french phrase meaning " to speak the truth". In legal language, the phrase refers to the process in which the attorneys question prospective jurors to learn about their backgrounds, attitudes, biases, and other characteristics that may affect their ability to serve as impartial jurors. (jury selection)
diversity of citizenship
Under Article III, Section 2, of the U.S. Constitution, a basis for federal district court jurisdiction over a lawsuit between (1.) citizens of different states, (2.) a foreign country and citizens of state or different states, or (3.) citizens of a state and citizens or subjects of a foreign country. The amount in controversy must be more than $75,000 before a federal district court can take jurisdiction in such cases.
the application of getting into the Supreme court, basically. It is basically an appeal from the supreme court to a lower court asking the lower court to send n the record of the case for review.
no. only time in Louisiana is for first degree murder case.
Is there an automatic right to be heard at the supreme court level?
the answer---defendant
the counter claim ---- the defendant
the reply-----the plaintiff
What are the major pleadings and who files each one?
requests of documents
physical and mental examination
what are the major forms of discovery?
false, they are written
true or false: interrogatories is a verbal form of discovery?
which form of discovery is both written and verbal?
the testimony of a party to a lawsuit or a witness taken under oath before a trial.
verbal ones are questions answered by the doponent to the attorneys and the questions and answers are recorded by an authorized court official and sworn to and signed by the doponent.
written ones are taken when witnesses are unable to appear in court
a series of written questions for which written answers are prepared by a party to a lawsuit, usually with the assistance of the party's attorney, and then signed under oath.
the interrogatories are directed to a party to the lawsuit (the plaintiff or defendant), not to a witness, and the party can prepare answers with aid of an attorney.
What is the main difference between written depositions and interrogatories?
motion for judgment on the pleadings--the judge will grant the motion only when there is no dispute over the facts and the issue can be resolved by pleads so there is no trial.
motion for summary judgment--court may make judgment before trial based on outside evidence (sworn statements or other docs)
What are the two pretrial motions and when and why are they filed?
motion to dismiss
a pleading in which a defendant asserts that the plaintiff's claim fails to state a cause of action or that there are no other grounds on which a suit should be dismissed. Usually the defendant is party requesting this, either the plaintiff or the court can also request it. it can be made pretrial or post trial.
original jurisdiction
courts having this are courts of the first instance, or trial courts--that is, courts in which lawsuits begin, trials take place, and evidence is presented. In federal courts, the
district courts
are the trial courts.
appellate jurisdiction
courts having this act as reviewing courts. in general, cases can be brought before these courts only on appeal from an order or judgment of a trial court or other lower court.
the process of resolving a dispute through the court system.
a process in which parties attempt to settle their dispute informally, with or without attorneys to represent them.
the settling of a dispute by submitting it to a disinterested third party (other than a court) who renders a decision that is (most often) legally binding.
a method of settling disputes outside of court by using the services of a neutral third party, who acts as a communicating agent between the parties and assists them in negotiating a settlement.
commerce clause
the provision in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce. (business from one state to the next)
If there is an activity taking place in one state and that activity has some outside affect on commerce outside the states--that can also now be filed under the commerce clause and take it over by the federal government.
supremacy clause
The clause in the constitution that provides the constitution, laws, and treaties of the U.S. are "the supreme law of the land". Under this clause, state and local laws that directly conflict with the federal laws will be rendered invalid
equal protection clause
the provision in the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution that guarantees that no state will "deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws". This clause mandates that the state governments must treat similarly situated individuals in a similar manner.
fifth amendment
applies to the federal government.
guarantees the rights to indictment by grand jury, to due process of law, and to fair payment when private property is taken for public use. it also prohibits compulsory self-incrimination and double jeopardy (trial for the same crime twice)
fourteenth amendment
applies to the state government
due process clause
states that both the 5th and 14th amendments provide that no person shall be deprived "of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law". it applies to "legal persons' such as corporations, as well as to individuals.
first amendment
guarantees the freedoms of religion, speech, and the press and the rights to assemble peaceably and to petition the government.
procedural due process
requires that any government decision to take life, liberty, or property must be made fairly; that is, the government must give a person proper notice and an opportunity to be heard.
tells you the procedure in how to do things
substantive due process
protects an individual's life, liberty, or property against certain government actions regardless of the fairness of the procedures used to implement them.
everything is so vague that you cannot understand it.
fully protected--political speech
limited protected-- commercial speech (can't prohibit it but can restrict it)
unprotected--obscenity (no protection)
three types of freedom of speech?
establishment clause
the provision in the first amendment that prohibits the government from establishing any state-sponsored religion or enacting any law that promotes religion or favors one religion over another.
can't pick a religion for us to follow.
free exercise clause
the provision in the first amendment that prohibits the government from interfering with people's religious practices of forms of worship.
can't interfere with an individual's choice of religion.
legislative--makes the law
executive--enforces the law
judicial---interprets the law
what are the three forms of government?
checks and balances
makes sure that one branch of government doesn't have too much power and it doesn't try to exert it's power over the other two.
the court will look at whatever interest the state is trying to promote. if that interest outweighs whatever negative effect that it has on commerce --then the commerce clause will allow it. Basically if the interest looks as though its going to make commerce (trade) better than the clause will allow it.
What is the test to determine that the law will withstand the commerce clause?
Want to see the other 72 Flashcards in Test One (Ch.1-4)?
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subset: commoncrawl


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Anyone have a Zpacks Blast 30 (or possible Arc Blast) laying around that they want to get rid of?I would prefer the Hybrid material, and the normal length torso (I'm 19")...Load lifters and stays are a plus...but...open to all combos.TIA-Mark in St. Louis
Found a Blast 30...Thanx a lot Landon!!-Mark
Edited by buldogge on 02/07/2013 21:44:43 MST.
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Wikimedia.org - Wikimedia Foundation. Open source. In production and development, open source as a development model promotes a) universal access via free license to a product's design or blueprint, and b) universal redistribution of that design or blueprint, including subsequent improvements to it by anyone.[1][2] Researchers view open source as a specific case of the greater pattern of Open Collaboration, "any system of innovation or production that relies on goal-oriented yet loosely coordinated participants, who interact to create a product (or service) of economic value, which they make available to contributors and non-contributors alike".[3] Before the phrase open source became widely adopted, developers and producers used a variety of other terms.
Open source gained hold with the rise of the Internet, and the attendant need for massive retooling of the computing source code.[4][page needed] Opening the source code enabled a self-enhancing diversity of production models, communication paths, and interactive communities. OpenOffice.org - The Free and Open Productivity Suite. Sculptris. Gimp.org. Inkscape.org.


text:
Monday, April 9, 2012
My Life Story: The Unexpected
One evening when I was ten years old everything changed.
I came home from school one day and found my mother talking to my dad on the phone.
"Ok, we'll go after you get home from work," she said to him.
When the phone call was over my mother announced,
"Courtney, when Dad gets home from work today we're going shopping."
Shopping, my love. My one great love of life. I had inherited a love of clothes from both sides of my well-dressed family. My dad was preppy in his day, popped collars and Converse. My mother wore bright colors, patterns and always, always a fabulous pair of shoes.
Twice a year--back to school and my birthday--my mother would take me to Salt Lake where we'd spend hours at Nordstrom trying everything on, from shoes to lipstick and dresses to hair accessories. The more successful my dad's company became the more we would pack white Nordstrom sacks into trunk of the Audi.
But this shopping trip was unexpected, there was no special occasion, just a weekday in Utah Valley, like any other day in my fourth grade life.
We took my dad's car when he got home from work. My mother didn't have her shopping face on at all I thought as we started out for University Mall. She looked, in fact, anxious.
"You need a bra, Courtney," Mom said to me, looking at the road.
I was shocked, completely. This bombshell was dropped on my lap in the middle of my childhood. I had no idea my chest had grown. Didn't my body look like all my friends, flat and concealed?
"It doesn't, Honey."
A nice lady, busty, brown hair with wispy white details helped us in the lingerie department, the one department we had never shopped in before, the one department that would never be a mystery to me again.
Trying on each contraption I wondered a thousand things, what did all this change about my life? Bras and boobs? Did this mean my childhood was over? Could I still play with my paper dolls and make believe with my friends?
I picked out two bras in white, Mom liked the eyelets on the cup and the glossy stitching around the straps. I wanted to melt in a puddle of puberty when we went to the counter to buy the things. My mother handed over her well-worn credit card and made flowery conversation with the lady.
"Isn't this a wonderful day for Courtney?"
On the car ride home, down the hill into the valley and back up to the foothills where we lived, my mother talked to me about my body, boys, the secrets of womanhood opening up like presents I didn't know were coming. When I was five years old my mother came home from a neighborhood meeting about sex education, climbed in bed with me and told me everything--the mechanics of it all, the science behind procreation, but she didn't talk about the emotions, attraction, passion and lust. That talk was reserved for the night I got my first bra.
Through the streets we drove, passing yellow street lights that illuminated my form like a body scanner, back and forth, back and forth searching, searching. Why was this my life? An early bloomer, my body filling out before my childhood was over. I felt embarrassed and betrayed by my body. I kept wondering what I did to deserve this situation, had I eaten too much sugar?
"Page didn't need a bra until she was much older, but I was like you. I was ten when I needed one."
My heritage was of early bloomers, busty women who wore specialty bras and endured the attention all the while. My gorgeous aunts Liz and Cindy, my grandmother Marion, my mother, and now me.
The attention, my mother addressed that too.
"The boys, they will notice tomorrow Courtney, you might want to tell a couple friends, but don't tell everyone. You don't need to talk about it with your whole class." I was a social girl, one who liked to make connections and share experiences, but thankfully this was one I could keep for myself.
The next day I woke up and started dressing for school like any other day, except this morning I put on the white eyelet bra and looked for a shirt that would camouflage any of the resulting lines. I prayed all day no one would notice, I told a few friends at lunch recess, begging them not to tell a soul. Everything I did, from raising my hand to PE, I did gingerly, hoping to slide by without attention. All went well until late recess. I was on the monkey bars, hanging upside down when my shirt inched its way toward gravity, revealing my white bra wrapping around my torso, covering up my bubbly chest.
"YOU ARE WEARING A BRA?" said the boy, huge grin on his freckled face. It bothered me that my body would cause such a fantastic reaction to him, even if my mother had warned me in the discussion about why boys like breasts. I flipped down from the monkey bars and headed towards the gathering of my friends on the black top.
"YOU ARE WEARING A BRA?" he continued to follow me. I turned to tell him to shut up when my best friend Wendy came to my rescue. She put her arms around me, shielding me away from his eyes. His eyes were the weirdest part, they were jumping and sparkling, like I had just made his day.
By the last bell of the day it had been leaked that one my friends had spilled my secret to the boys. This boy in particular had watched me all day for proof--evidence he found while watching me on the monkey bars. I went home wondering how many days of my life would feel like this, betrayed by a friend, harassed by boys and full of shame and guilt for something I had no control over at all.
73 comments:
- Emilie and Branden said...
That hurts my feelings :(
- April 09, 2012
- Christine said...
"Melt in a puddle of puberty."
Oh, that has got to be THE. BEST. description of that time of life that I have ever heard. Great job. Great writing.
- April 09, 2012
- Vesuvius At Home said...
Oh god, I know. So so painful. The boys used to snap my bra straps. In 6th grade they slapped us girls on our behinds and got away with it. People talk about "mean girls" but all my lasting damage was inflicted from boys. I need to take a shower.
- April 09, 2012
- Krista said...
Yep, I've been there. The first day I wore a bra to school (5th grade), a boy came up behind me and snapped it. I was so embarrassed. You really captured those feelings perfectly. I'm so glad that puberty is now in my distant past.
- April 09, 2012
- Stacie said...
Great writing for sure. I hated the day my mom told me I had to start wearing one. I think I was 12 or so. Even today , I have a bra from VS but it enunciates my chest too much so I refuse to wear it and keep wearing my old ones. I still get embarrassed to be shopping in the bra section at a department store. Ah, life.
- April 09, 2012
- Heather @ Raising Memories Blog said...
This made me cry. Like Emilie, "this hurts my feelings." :(
- April 09, 2012
- Mrs. Mari said...
I never want to revisit puberty again. I started wearing a bra in 6th grade and it was so degrading the way thoseo of us wearing a bra, at that time, were treated/mistreated.
I feel so torn over your writing this, as in so happy to read it--you are so talented in your writing. But then I hate this particular memory it brought back to me. 6th-10th grade were the worst years of my life.
You do make me smile remembering.
- April 09, 2012
- Emily said...
I am 35 years old, and I have 5 children. I have yet to have that experience. I spent my life being envious of you women who were blessed with something...anything. (Politely envious; not mean spirited or anything. Just wondering why God loved you more than me because he actually desired you to look like a woman instead of perpetually sporting the 12-year-old boy look.) I often wonder what it would be like to purchase a bra that did not have the word "miracle" in the title. I broke down and bought a bra the day before 7th grade because I had to go to gym class and it was extremely important to look like everyone else in the room when you are 12/13 years old and forced to change clothes in front of each other.
But I never thought about it from this point of view. That would be awful to be ridiculed in front of everyone. I'm sorry you had to go through that. But your writing is beautiful and perfectly descriptive. I agree with Christine "Melt in a puddle of puberty" is spot on.
I now repent for being politely envious.
- April 09, 2012
- natalie said...
And then there was MY mother who staunchly refused to accept that I was developing and, at 11, my breasts were much bigger than hers, so I endured the ridicule of NOT having a bra until the seventh grade when mom finally gave me one of her old ones...two sizes too small in the cups and four inches too big in the band. I had to take myself bra shopping when I finally got my driver license. When my daughter needed her first bra, things went MUCH differently!
- April 09, 2012
- Becca's Dirt said...
I remember my first bra and the boys like popping those straps. Boys...
- April 09, 2012
- Allison said...
Awww that's so sad! I remember being in the 5th grade and being SOOO HAPPY when My mom said I was getting a bra. I remember thinking, "sweet! I've actually got BOOBS! Time for Bras and Makeup and purses and maybe she'll even let me shave my legs!" :)
- April 09, 2012
- Steve and Alli said...
Ugh, torture. Elementary school bullying at it's finest, the boys nicknamed me "stuff-a-lup-agus" because clearly I wanted to appear to have boobs and be made fun of. Like any girl is ever happy to draw attention to that "magical change". Now I need to go drink a red bull to take the edge off :P
- April 09, 2012
- Tami said...
When my mom took me to buy my first bra, she was in a big hurry because she had to be somewhere. She said we didn't have time for a dressing room, we could just try them on over my shirt. Worst. Day. Ever. At least your mom was sweet about it and made it a nice experience!
- April 09, 2012
- marlamuppets said...
i would like to wish my boobs away. the girls who complain about having nothing ... they have no idea.
makes me think of the movie 'now and then' with demi moore, rosie odonnell, rita wilson and that blonde lady that i'm blanking on her name -- when the young character taped herself all up -- so no one would notice -- it looked awfully painful. :)
i hope to help my kids go through this stage gracefully -- but i'm not sure it can be done.
- April 09, 2012
- Evelyn @ Hanging by a Silver Lining said...
I loved the street lights body scanner imagery. Your writing is something to savor.
- April 09, 2012
- Shan said...
Oh I remember the bra when I was 10. It was the worst!
- April 09, 2012
- jenifer said...
i have 7 kids and i still hardly need a bra... both extremes are hard. i had a boy friend in high school who always competed with me for the top grades in our classes. after an AP history test i wrote 98% on a paper and held it up to brag that i beat him. he smiled and held up a paper with AA on it (earlier that day another friend had bragged he could guess every girls bra size). i was mortified. But, he was right. my first daughter will be like me, my second daughter (only 16 months younger) is like my husband's family. she already wears a training bra. BOTH of them cry to me at night. i have five daughters and i just pray that somehow i'll make it through navigating parenthood with each of my sweet, different girls. it's tough!! thanks for sharing your story!
- April 09, 2012
- tharker said...
I fully believe that no one goes through puberty unscathed. I had the opposite problem of being a late bloomer. I waited and waited for something...anything to signal that my body would begin changing. All the while, watching from what seemed like the puberty sidelines as all my friends were growing up and I still felt like a little girl.
I was 14 before I needed a bra (even then, I probably still could have gotten away without one ;) or started my period. I finally felt like I had joined the club. Of course my first bra shopping experience was humiliating. For whatever reason, my mom had asked my dad to take me and he in his infinite (and cheap) wisdom decided that Goodwill would be an excellent place to find a bra! I was mortified! I pretended to not be able to find one in my size and slipped out to the car while he perused the used books. So awesome.
When I say I was a late bloomer, I mean it. Within 6 months of graduating high school, I went from a very small B to a rather full C. It was crazy and even at 18 I was self conscious of my still changing body. One day while working out at the gym, a cute guy I went to high school with stopped me in the middle of butterflies weight lifting and said "You know, it took you a LONG time to grow those things, you'll ruin them if you keep working out like this!". I was so embarrassed and wanted to punch him, but all I could do was stammer out a "shut up" and run away.
Now that I have daughters, a part of me secretly hopes that they take after my late bloomer ways, purely to avoid the issues with boys. But the other part of me hopes they develop right along with all of their friends to avoid the embarrassment that I felt.
I've decided that it doesn't matter if you "bloom" early or late, it's all a crapshoot. ;)
- April 09, 2012
- Seth and Natalie said...
The first time I wore a bra was our scoliosis check in 5th grade. I sneaked into my older sister's room and stole one of hers. I didn't really need one until I was about 14, so my mom wouldn't get me one. I was stuck pilfering my sister's lingerie drawer until then.
- April 09, 2012
- kuliejellogg said...
So your mom explained WHY men love boobs, huh? Can you share her wisdom with us? I just don't get it.
- April 09, 2012
- Delirious said...
I was just the opposite. I had to beg my mother in 6th grade to get me a bra. I wasn't really developed, but I was developed enough that I was embarassed. I'm just glad she got me one, even though she thought I didn't need one. I think it's a traumatic even for everyone!
- April 09, 2012
- Millie said...
I'm so sorry! My mom got be a bra in 4th grade but it was itchy and horrible. I'd try and sneak out of the house without it and she would send me back to my room to put it on. 15 years later I'm a size J (isn't nursing a beast) and I still hate wearing one(or shopping for one). I feel like, wasn't a double D good enough?
- April 09, 2012
- Tracie said...
I am loving this format for your memoir and the topics you've begun with. My mother has been asking us to write our stories and while I blog, I keep to pretty mundane safe stuff that updates my family so far away about what we're up to. I love that after each of your posts, I want to write about my own experience and talk to my mom and sisters about theirs. These are the topics we want to understand about ourselves and our families although often they go unspoken for various reasons. Beautiful writing! Thank you!
- April 09, 2012
- Lindsey said...
I had the opposite problem! I finally (and sheepishly) asked my mom to take me bra shopping right before 7th grade started because I did NOT want to change naked in my upcoming gym class. I didn't actually NEED that bra until college to be honest. And I was always jealous of girls like you. I'm now 26 and 7 months pregnant with my first baby and I've fnally got the chest I coveted all those years. I must admit, I'm loving it :) Though I can see how this would be less fun if I were 10...
- April 09, 2012
- Kelly said...
Courtney, these posts are awesome! I loved reading about this one and all the comments. Thanks for making me laugh! :)
p.s. Congrats on your new niece! I love being an auntie! :)
- April 09, 2012
- d squared said...
"even if my mother had warned me in the discussion about why boys like breasts"
was your mom REALLY able to explain why guys like boobs to you?
love your writing - keep going, it's just lovely.
- April 09, 2012
- Alisha said...
You poor thing. My grandma, mom and little sister developed early, and all have big chests (my sister is only 15!). I, however, was a flatsy Patsy until I was 21 and started having health problems that made me gain weight. I always wonder if I just developed or if it's just fat and I'll lose it when I lose weight! But being flat comes with its own set of problems. SO glad we're past that stage!
- April 09, 2012
- Vanessa said...
Yes yes yes! "Melt in a puddle of puberty." is what describes my first bra shopping experience as well.
- April 09, 2012
- Amanda said...
I grew up with a single Dad and one day around 6th grade-age, he said "I guess it's time" (It totally wasn't, but I think I was the last girl to start wearing a bra.) He took me to the department store, LEFT me in the bra section and said he'd come back in a bit. What the crap?! I stood staring at the wall of training bras with more horror, confusion and embarrassment than I thought one person could handle. It was awful!
- April 09, 2012
- Robyn :) said...
I think I was around your age when I got my first bra, but don't really remember it. I do remember that we always went to Hinshaws(in California) department store because they fitted you there.
- April 09, 2012
- Amanda said...
Beautifully written. Even now, as grown women, those memories can creep up and make us cringe somewhere deep inside. I didn't need a bra until well into high school, but gym class in middle school necessitated the buying of one. I can still remember the incriminating stares of the more developed girls in the locker room as I dressed down, wearing a sports bra without any breasts to speak of.
- April 09, 2012
- Linda said...
University Mall was also my initiation into the world of bras. Sadly, I still hate bra shopping.
- April 09, 2012
- phylly3 said...
When I was in the 7th grade I got my first bra and sadly I didn't even need it, but I remember being proud of it. I think it was a triple A. The first day I wore it to school we had swimming for gym class. At the end of class we had to shower and change back into our school clothes. When I got back to class I realized I didn't have my bra on! After school I returned to the gym, but it was gone. I was so embarrassed to have to tell my mom.
- April 09, 2012
- Emilie said...
This is so interesting (as are the comments) because I remember my first bra like a badge of honor! I went to school and hoped that everyone would realize I was wearing a bra. I felt so grown up. I was a woman! (hardly)
Maybe this experience can be largely changed based on how the parents treat it? Not sure. I have three daughters (the oldest is seven) and I wonder how I can make it a good experience for them as they reach this milestone?
Thanks for getting em thinking about it ahead of time!
- April 09, 2012
- Morgan Lee said...
Ha. I was also in the fourth grade when my mom told me it was time I got a bra. She wasn't as sweet about it as your mom was, though. She sat me down and told me with a warning tone and a stern frown that the I needed a bra. Today.
I cried and refused. Just plain refused. She gave into my tantrum, and did not make me get the bra. Then next year in the fifth grade, even some of my flatter classmates were talking about getting training bras. Finally confident that I wouldn't be the only one wearing one, I told my mom after school one day that, "I think I need a training bra."
She practically sang "Hallelujah!" but then got serious again when she told me I was way beyond a training bra. So we got a normal one, a wireless and flexible number, and I immediately adapted. By the time I got to sixth grade, most of my embarrassment about early puberty was gone because I met a lot more girls who were in the same boat I was. In fact, many were in an even bigger boat than I was... if you read me.
The attention early development brings from boys -- sometimes much older boys -- is awkward for sure, but for me the worst part was just feeling like a freak for a year or two. Once my friends caught up, though, it was much easier.
- April 09, 2012
- alane said...
you could have been writing my story. I too had skinny, minnie friends. It was the sixties when Twiggy was cool and I was busty and miserable. My mom made me wear tent dresses until 5h grade when I needed a bra in late 4th. It was misery. Being so different. Hating my body. And yup that day when a boy spied my straps...asked me if I had got a bra for my birthday. In front of a bunch of other boys, and I cried and ran to the teacher. She laughed at me. I've never healed from that. Still feel picked on a bit for being busty. Silly, I know.
Thanks for speaking for me too.
- April 09, 2012
- Phaedra said...
Wow! Just had a flashback to fifth grade and the boys flipping my bra strap. Going to my happy place now!
- April 09, 2012
- shansbox said...
Although I was also an early bloomer, I didn't have the same problem with my growing chest (which my mom handled well). No, my problem was the unwanted hair growth that I wasn't aware of. Awesome.
Scene: Me, playing on the monkey bars (at lunch, thank goodness, so there weren't as many people around) in 6th grade. Arms go up... girls start pointing and laughing, and I discover that I've been growing underarm hair. That's the day I became known as "Cousin It with the hairy pits."
- April 09, 2012
- Lucy said...
I am thinking of your last line... it scares me a bit. Hope I'm wrong. Love ya.
- April 09, 2012
- Me said...
For me--it was never "you're wearing a bra"--it was "you're fat". The boys seemed too embarrassed about the "breast" or "bra" part--so they just labeled me as fat. I wasn't--just developing. Unfortunately the label stuck.
Although I was pantsed in 4th grade. I forgot about the bra flipping. That seemed to happen more in 7th grade--once I was officially in "middle school". No--my favorite part was that I did NOT get to go shopping for a bra. We had VERY little money--and even less for clothing. So from 3rd grade on, I wore hand-me-downs that never fit. My older sister was smaller than me--not really "needing" a bra until she was nearly 14. She had them once she was 11. So, I got her hand-me-downs. But--I needed one at 10--and she at 14. So--they never fit. So, I spent my 5th and 6th grade years ducking down "below" my desk, reaching up my shirt, and pulling down the "training" bra--so it would actually cover the "bumps" it was supposed to be training.
I didn't have a "new" bra until I was nearly 16. By then I was a C cup--both of my sisters were B's. I lived in denial until Oprah taught me better--and finally at about 20, I swallowed my C cup pride--and went to JC Penny's--where I was measured correctly--and finally purchased 2 D cup bras that fit perfectly and had the actual type of support I needed.
Although I hate to say you should feel lucky--you should. At least your parents had enough money to buy you a bra that fit--when you needed one.
- April 09, 2012
- Elizabeth said...
I actually can't remember getting my first bra - perhaps I've blocked it out? ;). I know I had one in 8th grade.but didn't at least in part of 7th, but I seem to recall it being summer when I got one...I know I got my period on my 12th birthday, right before 7th began, so a bra couldn't have been far behind. Nonetheless, my only real bra-associated memory is changing for gym one day in 7th grade and one of the 8th graders drawled, "you don't wear a BRA?!". I haven't got any idea what I replied, but I remember forcing myself to brush it off. I developed fast and completely - I have always bought the same size bra since I was 12. And stretch marks on my hips and boobs attest to the fact!
- April 09, 2012
- Rachel said...
My first bra came when I was 3rd grade actually. Not because I was developing yet, cause I wasn't, but because one day I was wearing a big t-shirt and as I was lifting my arm, some stupid boy looked in the arm hole and said, "Nice boobs!" I. Was. Mortified! I forced my mom to buy me a training bra that night. As a single LDS woman, he still remains the only boy (other than doctors)who has ever seen my chest. Awkward. ;)
I love your life stories, C Jane! I just got into reading blogs about a month ago and have been so inspired by you to do more with mine. I'm still a long way from where I want to be, but I'm getting there. I'm trying to get more readers, so anyone who reads this comment, feel free to check it out!
Keep it up, C Jane! I look forward to reading your posts every day!
- April 09, 2012
- Lidia Lavonna said...
Honestly, I don't remember a ton about my first bra shopping experience. I remember getting a white training bra that I hated when I was in elementary school, but I guess bras are just so much a part of who I have been that I don't remember not having them.
Getting my period I remember clearly though.
I cried because I was told I couldn't go swimming when I was on it. And I hated pads, but my mom had biased me against tampons. So that sucked.
- April 09, 2012
- Jen said...
I'm 28 and pretty sure your 10 year old self could out-cup-size me.
Loving your life story and the conversations your posts inspire.
- April 09, 2012
- Paola said...
"Through the streets we drove, passing yellow street lights that illuminated my form like a body scanner, back and forth, back and forth searching, searching" How do you come up with these lines? You are THE BEST!
- April 09, 2012
- Simply Sandy said...
I feel your pain - I was what the call a VERY early bloomer - I needed a bra in the 2nd grade. Luckily that early girls still had cooties so none of the boys said anything and I sure didn't tell ANYONE
- April 10, 2012
- Becky said...
yep, 10 years old was the magic age for me as well. i popped and kept on popping. what would count as sexual assault now-a-days happened frequently all over the playground - group grab-and-gropes, frisking while waiting in line for lunch and the side boob cup while sitting next to me in class. it was really hard to write and keep my elbows locked by my side for that entire year. i laugh about the boobage now, but back in the day - it was traumatizing and it came with a lot of unwanted attentions until the other girls "popped". i still remember my first day of school after bra shopping - i wore a thick flannel shirt on on the hottest days of school and spent the day with sweat rolling down my back - and it was worth every drop to keep everyone from finding out for one more day.
- April 10, 2012
- Mommy K said...
I'm thinking of all these references to blooming bodies, while sitting next to my window where there are tiny buds starting on the branches. How come I never made it past budding? haha
I remember a horrible boy in my class in 9th grade teasing, "I had a dream about you last night, and I woke up feeling the wall." AAH! A crude comedian in the making. I wish our kids could somehow navigate puberty with a little more dignity! We start out life just loving experiencing the world through our bodies, but things get so complicated along the way, don't they? Your journey to accepting and listening to yours is inspiring. Thanks for painting the other side of the picture for me - my heart goes out to your blossoming ten year old self! Great writing!
- April 10, 2012
- Sandy said...
My best friend in elementary school got her first bra when she was 11. I was so envious. I wanted one too but my mother said not until I bounced when I ran. Then I turn 18 and can't wait to burn my bra with the rest of the women's libers. Funny. Love those 60s.
- April 10, 2012
- Catherine Dabels said...
So....why DO boys like breasts?
- April 10, 2012
- Rachel said...
your last line is really powerful...the kind of thing that scares me about my children- I hope they are never that person- causing shame, or feeling it, needlessly. this was really moving and powerful.
- April 10, 2012
- Andrea said...
My first bras were an unasked for and in my opinion unnecessary 12th birthday present from my mum. I suppose I did have slight 'bumps' under my nipples, but nothing too noticeable under my school uniform or a slightly baggy T shirt.
At mums behest I tried the bra on but it felt so uncomfortable compared with the vest I normally wore (if i wore anything). The elastic seemed like an iron band around my ribcage and I hated the way it seemed to emphasise my changing shape.
To be fair to mum, she didn't press the issue and for several months the bras remained unworn in my drawer. Although my' bumps' were getting slightly bigger, As long as my shirts weren't too tight or thin they weren't too noticeable or uncomfortable..
The summer holidays that year weren't as enjoyable as they used to be. Apart from a major outbreak of spots, my 'assets' (which I definitely regarded as liabilities) ment that I had to wear a vest under my T shirts and make sure that I kept my chest covered as I was changing into and out of my swimsuit. Worse still, I could feel them moving about when I was running around.
When it was time to buy clothes for the new school year, mum insisted on buying bras instead of vests (the original ones were too small). I suppose I did gradually get used to wearing one and at least avoided the indignity of a couple of my classmates who were taken to one side by our games teacher and told that they needed to get their mums to buy them a bra for PE.
Strangely enough, my younger sister was the complete opposite. Before she was 11 she had comandeered my original training bras and would only take them off when she changed into her nightclothes
- April 10, 2012
- Reimer said...
I saw another commenter said the same - your quote "my mother had warned me in the discussion about why boys like breasts."
I am a grown woman and I STILL don't now. She's so smart! What did she say? :)
- April 10, 2012
- Hailee said...
Reading this really opens all those insecurities right back up for me. I didn't officially "bloom" until a week before my 16th birthday! I remember my mom trying to get me to wear a bra just because I was old enough that I probably should, but there really was no need. The only reason I started wearing one is because on the first day of 7th grade we had to do the scoliosis check. All the girls stood in a single file line and waited for their turn to step up to the school nurse and pull their shirt completely off. I started to panic when I realized I would be completely exposed. Like something out of a nightmare, I had to explain to the nurse that I didn't have a bra on. She had no solution for me other than to clutch my shirt to my chest while she examined my spine. I wore a bra EVERY DAY after that, even though it for "decoration", not function.
- April 10, 2012
- ang said...
We all went through such a painful time in puberty. I had the opposite problem, flat chested in 7th grade, the entire class called me flat board! Ugh even other flat chested girls called me that.
- April 10, 2012
- Rebecca Irvine said...
Thanks for this fun post. I was a fast and furious developer too. I remember my mother's angst that I kept outgrowing the bras faster than she bought them. I felt like I was misbehaving somehow. And for most of the years since then I have disliked my breasts and dreamed of the day I could afford a reduction. It has only been in recent years I have come to accept my breasts as part of me and my individual identity.
P.S. I vote for a post about why men like breasts, too. Only you could write such a post and still keep it tactful and fun.
- April 10, 2012
- Jenna said...
I, too, was 10. And I, too, did not want anyone to know.
I don't know that I actually needed one, because I proceeded not to wear mine and my mom didn't notice for several weeks.
I hope my daughter remains a washboard until college.
- April 10, 2012
- Natasha said...
I had totally forgotten about shopping for my first bra and, reading this post, all the memories came rushing back. I think I was in sixth grade and I was soooo embarrassed although my mom tried to make it as painless as possible.
Much less embarrassing was my mom taking me shopping for new bras right before my wedding. (She decided I needed new ones, I didn't think I did!) I asked that she be the only one in the change room and by the end it was my mom, me, the saleswoman, my aunt and my mom's friend in the change room. And then my friend saw me from across the women's department and waved. Yeah, there were so many of us in the (did I mention "small"???) change room the door wouldn't close and people could totally recognize me.
And it was way less embarrassing than shopping for a bra for the first time. Thank God.
- April 10, 2012
- Carly said...
I too had a "bubbly chest" when I was 10 :) O the embarrassment and shame I felt. That is also when I received my first bra, only to take it off in the bathroom right when I got to school. It has taken me a while to accept my chest, I even struggled all through high school where I still envied the flat chested girls, now that I am a 25 year old young woman, I am finally ok with it:)
- April 11, 2012
- Annie said...
I was 9 (fourth grade). But I looked 16.
My Dad took me shopping as my Mom was hospitalized. He was a health teacher which he thought qualified him (bless his heart for stepping up!)
Mike J. kept looking over my shoulder in choir. Over and over. And laughing.
By the end of the day everyone knew. The boys all stared and smiled and laughed. I assumed they were scorning me.
I remember feeling so disappoint in who I was. Feeling I was a freak. Wishing I was one of those tiny girls that looked like the 9 year olds they were.
Flash forward to college and boys having conversations with my breast ~ inviting my breast to parties...
But by then my spirit had caught up with my flesh and I knew how to handle it and how to be proud of who I was. And how to tell those kind of guys to get lost. The jealous girlfriends were another matter all-together!!
- April 11, 2012
- heather said...
This post made me cry. Not about my own first bra experience (although, like most it seems, I also RELUCTANTLY started wearing a bra in jr. high) but about the fact that your mom actually had conversations with you about sex, about your body, about all the myriad changes you experience growing up. I'm 31 and my mother has still never had a conversation with me about sex. Not even casually. We didn't talk about puberty. We didn't talk about my period (I learned about how to deal with that from friends). And she certainly never talked to me about the mechanics of sex, not to mention why anyone would want to do it or why guys might be attracted to my changing body. My mother is wonderful in lots of ways, but this major parenting mistake has left me with LASTING negative consequences and feelings of fear and shame about sex and about my body that I fear I will always be healing/recovering from.
- April 11, 2012
- Emily Heizer Photography said...
My mother bought me mine and VASTLY underestimated my band size. She got me a sports bra (who knows why) and stuffed it in my closet. When I braved up enough to put it on, I felt like I was choking to death. i couldn't breathe. If this is what it felt like to wear a bra I would NEVER wear one. I had no idea that it was just too small.
YEARS went by after that experience and I refused to wear one. My dad made comments about my shirts being "too thin" but it wasn't until I was an adult that I realized he was probably referencing the fact that my bust was visible through my shirt (CRINGE).
When I got to junior high, I was terrified of changing in the locker room and the other girls seeing I DIDNT wear one. I brought a bra in a brown paper bag the first day of 7th grade and put it on in a bathroom stall before gym, then changed in the locker room, then took it off again after class.
When I finally conceded defeat and started wearing one for real, I went straight into a C cup.
- April 12, 2012
- theresa said...
I used to get to school then take off my bra and carry it around in my pocket or my purse if I remembered to carry one, which was hardly ever. In retrospect, I probably got a lot more attention for going braless than I thought I would get for wearing the dumb thing. I was a total Ellie Mae and hated that "double barrel sling shot"!
- April 12, 2012
- Lee-Ann said...
Ugh, the transition to a bra is the worst. I have to admit I like how our Mom talked about it with you a little more. My Mom tossed them at me and told me to wear them. :s
- April 12, 2012
- Andrea said...
This post from Heather sounds so like my mum :
"I'm 31 and my mother has still never had a conversation with me about sex. Not even casually. We didn't talk about puberty. We didn't talk about my period (I learned about how to deal with that from friends). And she certainly never talked to me about the mechanics of sex".
I think the reason she bought me my first bra as a birthday present was to avoid talking about my changing body in advance.
She didn't talk to me about periods or buy me any pads before I started either. So for my first time I had to make do with one of her old fashioned looped towels pinned inside my knickers!
- April 12, 2012
- TRS said...
Hey ladies... please don't think that the late bloomers got away unscathed.
I had to ask my mom to buy me a bra - when I still didn't NEED one, (I had only what my brother referred to as 'bug bites' or 'bee stings') because every other girl in my class had and needed a bra. Think how humiliating THAT is!!
And believe me, the boys noticed that I DIDN'T wear a bra. Honestly, the only thing worse than having to deal with womanly things too early is not having having to deal with them AT ALL!!
In the car ride home, I guarded my little paper bag from JCPenney from the eyes of my brother... until we pulled into the garage and he asked, "What's in the bag?" and mom sardonically replied.... "She thinks she needs a bra." OH THE HUMILIATION!!
It was truly a training bra... just the band and the straps with some stretchy fabric triangles... no cups... just so I had enough of a bra to blend in with the other girls.
And FYI, the boys snapped the bras of the flat girls too.
On the flip side, I've STILL never been ogled for my bosoms!
- April 12, 2012
- Sara Ward said...
Holy Cow, Courtenayyyyy... Its like you just wrote my story for me... with one exception... my mother was not at all as forthcoming with the information your mother shared. She was downright stingy with all that stuff! Its ok. She was a nice mom in every other way. Thanks for writing this! AWESOME! :)
- April 12, 2012
- Mark and Anji said...
I know I am a little late to the party, but I have to share my humiliation as well. I was a late bloomer, and in 9th grade, a popular boy in school came to me in science class and asked me a question. "if you didn't have feet, would you wear shoes? ". It was a weird question and I didn't know how to answer, so I stammered out a weak "I guess not". His response? "then why do you wear a bra?"
I put my head down on my desk and cried until class was over. The rest of the year, he called me (loudly) "feet".
Kids can be so mean at that age, but I am happy to note that the desired body parts did eventually arrive.
- April 13, 2012
- Laura said...
as a busty girl myself and a mother of two girls who will have no other choice, but be busty- this really touched me! Such a hard time of life. I hated "becoming a woman" as my mom explained.
I LOVE your moms confidence and matter of fact-ness. I want to be like her :)
- April 14, 2012
- Closed for Business said...
I cried reading this. Not sure why. I think it is your mom. What an amazing mother you have. I have my own bra story, but it isn't about me, but my grandmother and her sister, my great aunt. We have a curse in our family. Some people ears, nose or feet continue to grow into old age, our boobs grow...and grow and grow and grow.
When I was 11 or 12 (didn't need a bra til I was like 14) I went bra shopping with my grandmother and aunt. They were like triple F's and G's and had to go to a speciality shop to order their bras. We three proceeded to go into a dressing room together as these two very mature ladies disrobed I saw a spectacle I shall not soon forget. When they removed their "over-the-shoulder-boulder-holders" (as my grandfather called them) there was suddenly no room for the three of us. It was like never ending boobdom! I think my eyes must have been as big as their boobs because the look on my face caused these two elderly gals to begin laughing so hysterically they could not control the jiggling and swaying of their enormous ta-tas which caused even more giggling (I think there might have been some bladder leakage too.) What seemed like an eternity these two laughed themselves into a puddle of laughter tears. And me, I have been traumatized by boobs ever since. I have the curse. Thanks ladies!!!
- April 20, 2012
- Debbie said...
This post made me that much more grateful to have raised five SONS.
- May 01, 2012
- Cathy Anderson said...
I remember my first bra and the boys like popping those straps. Boys... Lolz :D I would definitely purchase http://www.apparelnbags.com/bali/index.htm
- June 10, 2013
- Unknown said...
Oh, the trauma! I can't even remember exactly how old I was—either 11 or 12—because my PTSD has blocked out the details. My mother ordered my first training bra from the JC Penney catalog, and *insisted* on helping me try it on when it arrived (because, you know, it's so difficult to slip the thing over your head) and drag me kicking and screaming into some sort of mortifying mother-daughter-Hallmark-card-tv-movie moment. Just as I put it on, my 17-year-old brother came home from school and tromped up the stairs. My mother called to him and said, "Look! Your sister's got her first training bra!" He and I both screamed a deafening chorus of "MMMMMOOOOOMMMMMMMMMMMMM!!!!!!!" I would have preferred she order me a shovel from JC Penney. You know, so I could dig a hole, crawl into it, and die.
- September 23, 2013


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Join Paula Scher for a "MAPS" Book Signing in NYC
Quick Link: Join Paula Scher for a "MAPS" Book Signing in NYC
Toasting 'Just My Type'
Pentagram's New York studio recently hosted the launch party for Just My Type, the new book by Simon Garfield. Friends, colleagues and clients gathered to celebrate the book's amazing success—has there been another book about fonts to hit the New York Times best-seller list?—and enjoyed a brief and highly amusing presentation by Garfield about the secret history between fonts and dogs, and remarks by Chip Kidd, who contributed the book's foreword, and William Shinker, Gotham Books publisher. Garfield later signed copies of Just My Type, while guests viewed the book trailer, designed by Pentagram's Naresh Ramchandani and Michael Bierut, and sampled our trademark "What Type Are You?" personality quiz, cited in the book.
Michael Bierut's '30 Years 90 Notebooks' at College of Saint Rose
For the past three decades, Pentagram's Michael Bierut has kept a numbered series of notebooks—plain composition books, filled with rough sketches, notes taken in client meetings, doodles and design ideas—that cumulatively provide a record of his working life. These books are a focus of 30 Years 90 Notebooks, a new exhibition at the Esther Massry Gallery at the College of Saint Rose in Albany, New York. The exhibition juxtaposes original sketches with finished work, giving viewers insight into Bierut's design process. Over 40 posters are on view, including works for the Yale School of Architecture, The Architectural League of New York, AIGA and the Brooklyn Academy of Music.
Bierut, with designer Hamish Smyth, has designed a special poster for the exhibition that pictures the covers of 88 existing notebooks (two were lost over the years). Signed copies of the poster will be available for purchase at the gallery during the show's run. 30 Years 90 Notebooks remains on view through January 22, 2012.
Project Team: Michael Bierut, partner-in-charge and designer; Tracey Cameron, exhibition design and curation; Hamish Smyth, poster design.
Harry Pearce on How to Engage Consumers Through Design
Quick Link: Harry Pearce on How to Engage Consumers Through Design
Pentagram Postmodernism on View at the V&A
This fall the colors of autumn are a vibrant neon as the landmark exhibition Postmodernism: Style and Subversion 1970-1990 opens this weekend at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London. The first major survey of art, design and architecture of the 1970s and 1980s, the exhibition shows how Postmodernism developed from a provocative architectural movement to rapidly influence all areas of popular culture including art, film, music, graphics and fashion.
Pentagram's Paula Scher and Daniel Weil are represented in the exhibition with seminal works from early in their careers. Scher has three posters in the show: the Best of Jazz poster for CBS Records, her influential homage to Russian Constructivist typography (the poster is being reprinted in a limited edition for the exhibition); the 1981 Trust Elvis poster created for Elvis Costello at Columbia Records, later described in Bret Easton Ellis' era-defining novel Less Than Zero; and the iconic 1984 poster for a Swatch USA campaign inspired by the Swiss poster designs of Herbert Matter.
Daniel Weil is represented by his important Muralla China Radio from 2×4 Tango, a series of four radios designed in unusual shapes and materials. The radio is in the V&A's permanent collection.
Continue reading "Pentagram Postmodernism on View at the V&A"
Quick Links
- Harry Pearce to Speak at Designer Breakfast
- Harry Pearce and Naresh Ramchandani's Identity for Hong Kong Luxury Destination Launches
- Meet Marina Willer, Pentagram's Newest Partner
- Inside Pentagram's Archive
- Michael Bierut to Speak at TYPO San Francisco
- "Today I'm Feeling Turquoise" Featured on New York Magazine's Approval Matrix
- The Story Behind the New Microsoft Windows 8 Logo


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Sept. 3
1921 – The United States defeats Japan in five straight matches to win the Davis Cup.
1932 – Ellsworth Vines wins the men's singles title in the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championships with a three-set victory over France's Henri Cochet.
1944 – Frank Parker wins the men's singles title with a four-set victory over Bill Talbert in the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championships. Pauline Betz captures her third straight women's title with 6-3, 8-6 victory over Margaret Osborne.
1945 – Frank Parker defends his U.S. Open title, defeating Bill Talbert, 14-12, 6-1, 6-2, in the final of the first postwar U.S. Open.
1956 – Jockey John Longden surpasses Sir Gordon Richards' then-record number of wins by riding Arrogate to victory in the Del Mar Handicap at Del Mar Racetrack to attain his 4,871st victory.
1975 – Eighteen-year-old Martina Navratilova defeats 33-year-old Margaret Court, competing in her 11th and final U.S. Open, 6-2, 6-4, in the women's quarterfinals.
1977 – Ken Rosewall, two months shy of his 43rd birthday, is beaten by 24-year-old Jose Higueras, 6-4, 6-4. The in a best-of-three-set third-round match marks Rosewall's final U.S. Open singles match.
1989 – Chris Evert defeats 15-year-old Monica Seles, 6-0, 6-2, for her 101st and final U.S. Open singles win.
1994 – Terry Dean of Florida tosses an NCAA record-tying seven TD passes in the first half of the Gators' 70-21 victory over New Mexico State.
1994 – Miami beats Georgia Southern 56-0, breaking an NCAA record with its 58th consecutive home victory. The Hurricanes surpass Alabama's record of 57 wins in a row at home set from 1962-82.
1995 – The Carolina Panthers lose to the Atlanta Falcons 23-20 in their first NFL game and the Jacksonville Jaguars lose their first game to the Houston Oilers 10-3.
2000 – Duce Staley rushes for 201 yards and a touchdown to lead the Philadelphia Eagles to a 41-14 rout of the Dallas Cowboys. Staley is the Eagles' first 200-yard runner since Steve Van Buren in 1949.
2001 – Jockey John Velazquez becomes the first jockey to ride six winners on a single card at Saratoga Racecourse. Velazquez guides Starine to a 5 1/4-length victory in the Diana Handicap, a 1 1-8 mile turf race, for his sixth win.
2001 – No. 1 seed Gustavo Kuerten finishes off a two-sets-to-love comeback at 12:17 a.m., defeating Max Mirnyi, 6-7, 5-7, 7-6, 7-6, 6-2, to become only the third No. 1-seeded man to come back from two sets down in the Open Era at the U.S. Open.
2006 – Annika Sorenstam ties the LPGA record for the lowest final-round score by a tournament winner with a 62. Down five strokes at the start of play, Sorenstam shoots 10 under for the day to finish 19 under, two strokes ahead of Cristie Kerr in the State Farm Classic.
2006 – Spain beats Greece 70-47 to win its first men's world basketball championship. Greece (8-1) advanced to its first final after a 101-95 semifinal win over the United States.
2007 – Pedro Martinez completes his comeback from major shoulder surgery, becoming the 15th pitcher to strike out 3,000 batters in his career. The New York Mets' right-hander fans Aaron Harang for the milestone as the Mets post a 10-4 win over Cincinnati.
2010 – Pittsburgh quarterback Ben Roethlisberger has his suspension cut from six games to four by NFL commissioner Roger Goodell, allowing him to return Oct. 17 against Cleveland.
2010 – The NHL signs off on Ilya Kovalchuk's latest contract with the New Jersey Devils, five weeks after rejecting the Russian's 17-year, $102 million deal because it violated the league's salary cap. The league approves a revised 15-year, $100 million deal after reaching an agreement with the players association on an amendment covering long-term contracts.


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"Blinx" is a company which provides patented electronic business card technology, helping people to share their contact information. The logo of the company is a stylized envelope — a well-known symbol for the digital message. The task was to create a badge for all the visitors of the Blinx promotional event in Austin. TX. The original idea was to create not just a badge, but add some additional value. For example, to give a postcard with a cityscape. Fortunately, the "envelope concept" was to the point.
Category: Web Design
Pages: 9
Views: 40
Name your own price, then watch as dozens of participants submit ideas and choose your favorite. Our 100% money-back guarantee makes it risk-free!
Let us match you up with one of our very best Creatives and work 1-to-1 in complete privacy. You'll have all of the same tools and features as our regular projects!


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When Harald married Mistress Cathy he thought it would mean he'd have great sex the rest of his life. But the lady had other plans – he gets NO sex, only constant humiliation and degrading punishments!
"I'm Going To Smack Your Little PeePee!"
Of course one might ask what the hell was he thinking? A dominant woman is not going to settle for just one man, right? And why would she not take a big stud over some pathetic wimp like Harald? Answer – she had already picked him out as he house wimp and meal ticket (after all he WAS rich) and decided having him under her thumb 24/7 would give her time to enjoy her stable of slaves and sluts while not having to worry about paying the bills!
Win win for her!
But Harald? He gets to spend his days serving as a sexual punching bag and butt of all her cruel jokes. His only pleasure is she allows him to masturbate with her dirty panties once a month!
So, dear Harald, was being married to a strict wife and Mistress worth it?
(Bitch supreme)


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Dishonored looked impressive enough, but Bethesda has now knocked it right out of the park with the announcement of an amazing voice cast. The dulcet tones of Hollywood royalty will be gracing your ears, as you take Corvo Atano through the streets of Dunwall.
A quick recap of the premise: Atano is a bodyguard, framed for the murder of the woman he was meant to protect - the Empress. Now, her daughter - Young Lady Emily - has been kidnapped, providing plenty of opportunity for Chloë Grace Moretz (Hit Girl from Kick-Ass) to show her voice acting skill. She's in safe hands - her caretaker Calista is played by Lena Headey, Cersei Lannister from HBO's Game of Thrones.
Corvo is not alone - Academy Award nominee and Golden Globe-winner Brad Dourif (Deadwood) plays Piero, the man who creates the assassin's distinctive mask, as well as a whole bunch of fun gadgets. John Slattery (Mad Men, The Adjustment Bureau) is Admiral Havelock, a Loyalist who is also on Corvo's side.
Not sure yet whether Michael Madsen (Mister Blonde from Reservoir Dogs) is a goodie or a baddie (or even if these concepts exist in Dishonored), but he's appearing too, as a mysterious assassin known as Daud. Carrie Fisher (Star Wars' Princess Leia) is arguably neutral(ish), broadcasting government propaganda over loudspeakers.
Saving the best for last, however: Academy Award winner and five-time nominee Susan Sarandon makes her video game debut as Granny Rags, a former aristocrat turned blind street-lady.
Raphaël Colantonio, president of developer Arkane Studios explains:
Having such talented actors voice Dishonored's compelling cast of characters adds a rich, powerful element to the game. We want to draw people into this virtual world and make it feel real. This celebrated cast adds wonderful depth and credibility to the overall Dishonored gameplay experience.
...and while you're keeping your ears open, pay attention to the Dishonored music, too: It's been provided by Dexter composer Daniel Licht.
I like video games and music and cups of tea and noodles and beagles and colour-cycling LEDs.
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Adelaide Naylor
Kingsley Foreman
Jackson Ryan


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The Sacred Heart Lady Gremlin soccer team battled back from an early 1-0 deficit to beat St. Paul's 3-1 in a match April 9 at Clover Dell Park.
The Lady Saints, with the wind at their back, took an early 1-0 lead two minutes into the match.
Morgan Bogue scored for Sacred Heart on a through ball from Katelyn Sunnarborg to tie the match 1-1.
Bogue then sent a through ball to Sunnarborg, who finished it for a 2-1 Gremlin lead. Bogue scored her second goal, taking a pass deep in the corner and beat a St. Paul's defender for the final goal of the match.
Sacred Heart, 3-1, played in the Kickapoo Tournament in Springfield over the weekend.


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Pistol Annies are packing up their makeup, heels and lots of fabulous outfits to head to New York City for the launch of their sophomore album, Annie Up. The trio will debut their new single, "Hush Hush, on the Today Show May 7, the same day the album arrives in stores.
"We are so excited to release the new album," Miranda Lambert said. "It's been like waiting for Christmas morning to come." Even though the release is highly anticipated, the trio feels at peace about the record.
"I'm not nervous about it," Ashley Monroe said. "I have such a calm feeling. I have great faith in this record and I really think that people are going to understand it. We're all super proud of it and ready for it to be out!"
Annie Up features 12 tracks, all written by the trio. The album opens with "I Feel A Sin Comin' On," an old fashioned cabaret style song. "We love this song and hope people blush when they hear it," Ashley said. "We wrote it with no instruments because none of us could play the chords."
"We snapped our fingers while we sang it on the work tapes and when we played it for our producer, he said he wanted us to snap on the album too," Angaleena Presley said. "Fingers are considered an instrument so we got paid to snap our fingers," Miranda added.
Pistol Annies has been able to connect with and speak both to and for their audience, especially their female fans. "We're three girls with three different lives and three different points-of-view, but really, if you get a group of women in a room and you talk about problems, everybody's gonna yell out 'amens' and have stories to tell," Miranda said.
"I mean, we're not doing anything new," Angaleena added. "Loretta Lynn did it way before we did." Miranda agreed. "We're just doing it for our generation, bringing it back home," she said.
The trio has introduced 'The Great Annies Adventure,' a first-of-its-kind interactive experience that allows the entire Pistol Annies community to be involved in the excitement leading up to the release of Annie Up. Learn more about the interactive game here.


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Renal Sympathetic Denervation for Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (RSD4CHF)
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To study whether renal sympathetic denervation(RSD) RSD can slow the progression of CHF and reduce the rate of all-cause mortality effectively and securely.
Chronic Heart Failure
Procedure: RSD
Other: Conventional therapy
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Randomized
Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:
|Safety and Effectiveness Study of Percutaneous Catheter-base Renal Sympathetic Denervation for Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
- All-cause mortality,Cardiovascular events [ Time Frame: 24 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]To study effect of renal sympathetic denervation(RSD)on All-cause mortality ad cardiovascular events(cardiac death ,myocardial infarction ,malignant arrhythmia,angina and so on)
- Blood pressure [ Time Frame: 24 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]To study the effect of renal sympathetic denervation on blood pressure in patients with hypertension,which can be measured by ambulatory blood pressure and home pressure monitoring.
- Life quality and symptom [ Time Frame: 24 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]Life quality on 36-item short-form(SF-36)will be carried out during the follow-up to study the patients' life quality.Symptom will also be carried out by six walk distance during the follow-up,
- Rehospitalization rate [ Time Frame: 24 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]To study whether RSD can reduce the patients'rehospitalization rate because of heart failure,which will be measured by questionnaire and telephone follow-ups.
- The recurrence rate of electric storm with ICD [ Time Frame: 24 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]To study the recurrence rate of electric storm with ICD ,which will be measured by questionnaire and telephone follow-ups.
- Cardiac function an structure [ Time Frame: 24 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]The effect of renal sympathetic denervation(RSD)on cardiac function and structure can be measured by the six-minute walking test and echocardiographic(include left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end diastolic diameter,ventricular septal thickness ), NYHA functional class,BNP(brain-type natriuretic peptide).
|Estimated Enrollment:
|Study Start Date:
|January 2013
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|April 2017
|Estimated Primary Completion Date:
|October 2016 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Assigned Interventions
Active Comparator: RSD+Conventional therapy
We will recruit 100 randomised CHF patients who meet the inclusion criteria.First undergo renal artery angiography procedure to confirm anatomy.If renal artery meet the inclusion criteria,give the renal sympathetic denervation.At the same time, we will use conventional therapy to protect cardiac function.then we will conduct a clinic follow-up and a telephone follow-up.
Procedure: RSD
Contrast renal angiography was performed to localize and assess the renal arteries for accessibility and appropriateness for RSD .once the anatomy was deemed acceptable, the internally irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter(Celsius Thermocool,Biosense Webster,Diamond Bar,California)was introduced into each renal artery.then was maneuvered within the renal artery to allow energy delivery in a circumferential,longitudinally staggered manner to minimize the chance of renal artery stenosis.About six to nine ablation at 10W for 1 min each were performed in both renal arteries.during ablation, the catheter system monitored tip temperature and impedance,altering radiofrequency energy delivery in response to predetermined algorithm.
Other Names:Other: Conventional therapy
Optimizing drug therapy,included angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,aldosterone antagonist,beta-receptor blockers,diuretic,digoxin and so on.The patients with chronic heart failure ,whos'condition need for CRT-D(cardiac resynchronization therapy )/ICD(implantable cardioverter-defibrillator),are considered to implant CRT/ICD .CRT is abbreviation for cardiac resynchronization therapy ,ICD is defined for Implantable Cardioverter defibrillator.
Placebo Comparator: Conventional therapy
We also will recruit 100 randomised CHF patients who meet the inclusion criteria.there are no significant differences in age,gender,race,past medical history,personal history and so on between the two groups.In this group we will use therapy just like the RSD+Conventional therapy group.we will conduct a clinic and a telephone follow-up.
Other: Conventional therapy
Optimizing drug therapy,included angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,aldosterone antagonist,beta-receptor blockers,diuretic,digoxin and so on.The patients with chronic heart failure ,whos'condition need for CRT-D(cardiac resynchronization therapy )/ICD(implantable cardioverter-defibrillator),are considered to implant CRT/ICD .CRT is abbreviation for cardiac resynchronization therapy ,ICD is defined for Implantable Cardioverter defibrillator.
Detailed Description:
Chronic heart failure(CHF) as the final stage of various heart diseases is a global and growing public health problem, and its morbidity increases with age. At present, the main therapies for CHF contain drug therapy (including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, aldosterone antagonist, beta-receptor blockers, diuretic, digoxin etc ) , CRT-D(cardiac resynchronization therapy )/ICD(implantable cardioverter-defibrillator), biological treatment, ultrafiltration dialysis, heart transplantation and so on. Optimize drug therapy is the foundation of CHF, but hypotension and bradycardia limit its indications. ESC(European Society of Cardiology)/AHA(American Heart Association) guidelines recommended CRT-P/D and ICD for drug resistant CHF, but the financial burden limit the use of them and some patients have no response to them. Donors and high costs are considered as two problems which limit heart transplantation appeal. Above all, we are always searching for a new treatment strategy for patients with chronic heart failure. Chronic over-activation of sympathetic nervous system is a major component of heart failure and involves efferent and afferent pathways between brain and many organs. Recently, some studies in animals and humans suggest that activation of both efferent and afferent renal nerves play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of CHF. Activation of renal nerves in CHF may cause a reflex increase in sympathetic tone that contributes to elevated peripheral vascular resistance and vascular remodeling as well as left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction. Recently, many clinical trials have corroborated that catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) significantly decreased sympathetic-nerve activity (MSNA) in muscle and whole-body, with a decrease in renal and whole-body norepinephrine spillover. Simultaneously, many clinical researches have also verified that RSD can safely be used to control hypertension, reduce left ventricular hypertrophy, improve glucose tolerance impaired ,decrease proteinuria and sleep apnea severity, which are all recognized as independent risk factors for the development and progression of CHF. Therefore, this randomized parallel control clinical trial was designed to demonstrate whether RSD can slow the progression of CHF and reduce the rate of all-cause mortality effectively and securely.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 75 Years
|Genders Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Individual is ≥18 and ≤ 75 years of age
- Individual has a history of heart failure more than half a year
- Individual's Cardiac function is betweenⅡ-Ⅳlevel(NYHA)
- Ejection fraction ≦ 35%
- Renal artery CTA (computed tomographic arteriography)inspection renal artery length ≧ 2 cm, diameter ≧ 4 mm, no single double renal artery, renal artery start without distortion/tumor sample expansion,ect
- Individual agrees to have all study procedures performed and is competent and willing to provide written,informed consent to participate in this clinical study
Exclusion Criteria:
- Individual has hemodynamically significant valvular heart disease for which reduction of blood pressure would be considered hazardous.
- Individual has experienced renal artery stenosis,or A history of prior renal artery intervention including balloon angioplasty or stenting.
- Individual has an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of < 45mL/min/1.73m2, using the MDRD(Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) calculation.
- Individual has Acute heart failure.
- Individual has experienced a cerebrovascular accident within 3 months of the screening visit, or has widespread atherosclerosis, with documented intravascular thrombosis or unstable plaques.
- Individual has experienced sick sinus syndrome.
- Individual has any serious medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator, may adversely affect the safety and/or effectiveness of the participant or the study (i.e., patients with clinically significant peripheral vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, bleeding disorders such as thrombocytopenia, hemophilia, or significant anemia, or arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation).
- Individual is pregnant, nursing or planning to be pregnant. [Female participants of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) pregnancy test prior to treatment.]
- Individual has a known, unresolved history of drug use or alcohol dependency, lacks the ability to comprehend or follow instructions, or would be unlikely or unable to comply with study follow-up requirements.
- Individual is currently enrolled in another investigational drug or device trial.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01790906
|Contact: Shan Qijun, professor
|China, Jiangsu
|First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Meddical University
|Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210000
|Contact: Qijun Shan, Professor 02568136407 firstname.lastname@example.com
|Principal Investigator: Qijun Shan, Professor
|Principal Investigator: Chun Chen, Professor
|Sub-Investigator: Xiujuan Zhou, Professor
|Sub-Investigator: Weichong Qian, Professor
|Sub-Investigator: Jing Yao, Doctor
|Sub-Investigator: Min Qiu, Doctor
|Sub-Investigator: Jie Geng, Master
|Sub-Investigator: Hui Jiang, Master
|Study Chair:
|Shan Qijun, Professor
|The First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
No publications provided
|Responsible Party:
|Qijun Shan, Professor,Director, Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, The First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01790906 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|February 7, 2013
|Last Updated:
|February 9, 2013
|Health Authority:
|China: Ethics Committee
Keywords provided by The First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University:
Chronic Heart Failure
Renal Sympathetic Denervation
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Heart Failure
Cardiovascular Diseases
Heart Diseases
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on October 09, 2015


text: The student from the free-spending family will get a tuition discount of perhaps $25,000, while Student A [from the frugal family] will get only $10,000. Because that will probably apply for four years, Student A will end up paying $60,000 more than Student B -- solely because of the $100,000 in accumulated savings. The college is imposing the equivalent of a 60 percent tax on the income saved for college.It is, of course, an outrage, but it's merely one more sign of a problem that is killing our society: incentives have been turned upside down. Our government (mostly the federal, but often the state) provides big incentives not to work and not to save. Whether it's Obamacare, nursing home care, food, education. If you work and save, you are, at some level, a fool. At some point, it must come crashing down, but the government will perpetuate it as long as it can. It would prefer to perpetuate it on the backs of non-citizen poor people (exploiting illegal aliens, spreading empire into third world countries), but it all ultimately falls on the backs of the middle class. It always does, just as it falls on the middle classes' backs already . . . and will fall even more harshly in the years to come (Exhibit A: The Plausible Future Confiscation of Retirement Accounts).


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Annual testing is performed on a voluntary basis unless the owner requires mandatory testing, in which case specific arrangements to accommodate the owner are made.
A dated Drug Free Photo Certification Card will be issued to all participants testing negative.
Record of such tests shall be maintained by an Independent Testing Laboratory on a confidential basis. All costs, such as for collection, analysis, reporting, maintenance of records, issuing cards and notification are borne by LEAD for all participants covered by the appropriate collective bargaining agreement. Securing the drug screen test is the applicant's responsibility and is performed on his/her time.
LEAD endeavors to cooperate fully with the owners and contractors to insure the success of the program.
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LEAD will conduct and administer random drug screening and/or breath alcohol testing on a project-by-project basis where contractually required by the owner/contractor. Random drug screening and/or breath alcohol testing requirements and parameters will be adjusted to comply with customer/owner specifications.
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text:
Dear visitor,
from 25th to 29th May 2013
The international exhibition dedicated to technologies, raw materials and semi-finished products for bread, pastry, pizza and pasta
Small-business bakeries and the cereals value chain meet at Siab, the exhibition dedicated to bread, pasta, pizza and pastry technologies and products scheduled in Verona 25-29 May 2013.
Veronafiere confirms its status as the landmark for more than 26,000 bakery companies in Italy. And Siab is the fulcrum for updates, training and information.
The exhibition in Verona is increasingly strategic as a place for meeting and dialogue throughout the supply chain. The National Bakery Conference highlighted a number of new trends and new needs. Fippa suggests that internet and apps for smartphones will play a crucial role, as well as new services such as on-line sales and home delivery.


text:
3 to 6 days
Free delivery when you spend over £75 (GBP).
Will be calculated at checkout
Multi function bras - Black
You must select a size
Bra by MAIDENFORM. Smooth finish without exposed seams. Underwire cups with padding with slight push-up effect. Silicone trim on the inside of back strap for better fit. Adjustable shoulder straps are included. Hand wash recommended.
Made of 81% Polyamide and 19% Elastane.
Maidenform designs, produces and markets a comprehensive range of underwear and lingerie consisting of bras, briefs and shapewear. Maidenform sells its products under some of the most recognized brands in the lingerie industry, Maidenform ®, Maidenform's Charmed ®, Flexees ®, Lilyette ®, Control It! ®, Sweet Nothings ®, Bodymates ®, Self Expressions ® and Inspirations ®. S...hop Maidenform here at Nelly.com UK. Read more
Free delivery when you spend over £75. Standard shipping £3.95. Delivery time: 3-6 days. We deliver with UPS.
No reviews have been written yet.


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The 2012 Los Alamos Community Survey indicates an overall satisfaction with county services and the quality of life in Los Alamos remains high, with only a few areas of relative dissatisfaction.
The average rating for quality of life was 3.3 on a four point scale, with 87.3 percent of those responding rating it either "excellent" (37.3 percent) or "good" (53.0 percent). Overall rating for county services was also a 3.3.
The survey, which had 420 respondents, is conducted every two years. The overall data for the entire sample is accurate to plus or minus 4.7 percent at the 95 percent confidence level.
One significant change this year is that CRC and Associates, LLC, which conducted the survey, was able to reach more of the younger demographic.
"We were able to capture a very well balanced demographic to population figures, which tended to give us more information from younger populations," CRC President Chris Cordova said. "In my business, it's been harder and harder over the years to get younger people to do surveys. So this year we used a mixed methodology that included phone surveys, but it also included Internet surveys so that we could get a younger demographic and make sure our survey was balanced."
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text: http://techcrunch.com – Tidemark is launching a new service today called Storylines that provides a visual way to view a company's performance. The SaaS platform provides a way to see data that in many ways borrows from the infographic style that has become so popular as a marketing tool. As part of the release, Tidemark is also announcing a deeper integration with Box, for in-line use of the online storage and collaboration service. Infographics have become overused in a marketing context but the style works as a way to tell a story far understanding how a company performs. Tidemark layers its analytics techno (IT news)