text:
Things No Amount of Learning Can Teach
Omni, 6:11, November 1983
QUESTION: Why do you believe that language behavior critically depends on the existence of a genetically preprogrammed language organ in the brain?
CHOMSKY: There's a lot of linguistic evidence to support this contention. But even in advance of detailed linguistic research, we should expect heredity to play a major role in language because there is really no other way to account for the fact that children learn to speak in the first place.
QUESTION: What do you mean?
CHOMSKY: Consider something that everybody agrees is due to heredity -- the fact that humans develop arms rather than wings. Why do we believe this? Well, since nothing in the fetal environments of the human or bird embryo can account for the differences between birds and men, we assume that heredity must be responsible. In fact, if someone came along and said that a bird embryo is somehow "trained" to grow wings, people would just laugh, even though embryologists lack anything like a detailed understanding of how genes regulate embryological development.
QUESTION: Is the role of heredity as important for language as it is for embryology?
CHOMSKY: I think so. You have to laugh at claims that heredity plays no significant role in language learning because exactly the same kind of genetic arguments hold for language learning as hold for embryological development. I'm very much interested in embryology but I've got just a layman's knowledge of it. I think that recent work, primarily in molecular biology, however, is seeking to discover the ways that genes regulate embryological development. The gene-control problem is conceptually similar to the problem of accounting for language growth. In fact, language development really ought to be called language growth because the language organ grows like any other body organ.
QUESTION: Is there a special place in the brain and a particular kind of neurological structure that comprises the language organ?
CHOMSKY: Little enough is known about cognitive systems and their neurological basis; so caution is necessary in making any direct claims. But it does seem that the representation and use of language involve specific neural structures, though their nature is not well understood.
QUESTION: But, clearly, environment plays some role in language development. What's the relationship between heredity and environment for human language?
CHOMSKY: The language organ interacts with early experience and matures into the grammar of the language that the child speaks. If a human being with this fixed endowment grows up in Philadelphia, as I did, his brain will encode knowledge of the Philadelphia dialect of English. If that brain had grown up in Tokyo, it would have encoded the Tokyo dialect of Japanese. The brain's different linguistic experience -- English versus Japanese -- would modify the language organ's structure.
Roughly the same thing goes on in animal experiments, showing that different kinds of early visual experience can modify the part of the brain that processes visual information. As you may know, cats, monkeys, and humans have hierarchically organized brain-cell networks connected to the retina in such a way that certain cells fire only when there is a horizontal line in the visual field; other hierarchies respond only to vertical lines. But early experience can apparently change the relative numbers of horizontal- and vertical-line detectors. MIT psychologists Richard Held and Alan Hein showed some time ago, for example, that a kitten raised in a cage with walls covered by bold, black vertical lines will display good sensitivity to vertical lines as an adult but poor horizontal-line sensitivity. Lack of stimulation apparently causes the horizontal-line detectors to atrophy.
An even closer analogy exists between language growth and the growth that appears in human beings after birth -- for example, the onset of puberty. If someone came along and said, "Kids are trained to undergo puberty because they see other people," once again everybody would laugh. Would we laugh because we know in great detail the gene mechanisms that determine puberty? As far as I can tell, no one knows much of anything about that. Yet we all assume that puberty is genetically determined.
QUESTION: Still, as your own example shows, environmental factors do play a major role in physiological growth.
CHOMSKY: And it goes without saying that the onset of puberty may well vary over quite a range depending on childhood diet and all kinds of other environmental influences. Nonetheless, everyone takes for granted that the fundamental processes controlling puberty are genetically programmed. This is probably true of death as well. You may be genetically programmed to die at roughly a certain point; it's a reasonable theory. Look, all through an organism's existence, from birth to death, it passes through a series of genetically programmed changes. Plainly, language growth is simply one of these predetermined changes. Language depends upon genetic endowment that's on par with the ones that specify the structure of our visual or circulatory systems, or determine that we have arms instead of wings.
QUESTION: What about the linguistic evidence? What have you learned from studying human languages to corroborate your biological viewpoint?
CHOMSKY: The best evidence involves those aspects of a language grammar that are so obvious, so intuitively self-evident to everyone, that they are quite rightly never mentioned in traditional grammars.
QUESTION: You mean that school grammars fill in the gaps left by heredity? They teach everything about French or Russian, for example, that can't be taken for granted by virtue of the fact that you're human?
CHOMSKY: That's right. It is precisely what seems self-evident that is most likely to be part of our hereditary baggage. Some of the oddities of English pronoun behavior illustrate what I mean. Take the sentence, "John believes he is intelligent." Okay, we all know that "he" can refer either to John or to someone else; so the sentence is ambiguous. It can mean either that John thinks he, John, is intelligent, or that someone else is intelligent. In contrast, consider the sentence, "John believes him to be intelligent." Here, the pronoun "him" can't refer to John; it can refer only to someone else.
Now, did anyone teach us this peculiarity about English pronouns when we were children? It would be hard to even imagine a training procedure that would convey such information to a person. Nevertheless, everybody knows it -- knows it without experience, without training, and at quite an early age. There are any number of other examples that show that we humans have explicit and highly articulate linguistic knowledge that simply has no basis in linguistic experience.
QUESTION: There's just no way that children can pick up this kind of information by listening to the grown-ups around them?
CHOMSKY: Precisely. But let me give you another example. English contains grammatical constructions that are called parasitic gaps. In these constructions, you can drop a pronoun and still understand the sentence in the same way as when the sentence contains a pronoun. Consider the sentence, "Which article did you file without reading it?" Notice that you can drop the pronoun "it" without changing meaning or grammaticality. You can say, "Which article did you file without reading?" But you can't say, "John was killed by a rock falling on," when you mean, "John was killed by a rock falling on him." This time, omitting the pronoun destroys both meaning and grammaticality.
Constructions of this type -- where you can or cannot drop the pronoun -- are very rare. In fact, they are so rare that it is quite likely that during the period a child masters his native language (the first five or six years of life), he never hears any of these constructions, or he hears them very sporadically. Nonetheless, every native speaker of English knows flawlessly when you can and can't drop pronouns in these kinds of sentences.
QUESTION: So we're faced with a mystery. How could anyone possibly learn enough about the English language to possess the rich and exotic grammatical knowledge that we all seem to possess by the time we are five or six years old?
CHOMSKY: There's an obvious answer to that: the knowledge is built in. You and I can learn English, as well as any other language, with all its richness because we are designed to learn languages based upon a common set of principles, which we may call universal grammar.
QUESTION: What is universal grammar?
CHOMSKY: It is the sum total of all the immutable principles that heredity builds into the language organ. These principles cover grammar, speech sounds, and meaning. Put differently, universal grammar is the inherited genetic endowment that makes it possible for us to speak and learn human languages.
QUESTION: Suppose that somewhere else in the universe intelligent life has evolved. Could we, with our specialized language organ, learn the aliens' language if we made contact with them?
CHOMSKY: Not if their language violated the principles of our universal grammar, which, given the myriad ways that languages can be organized, strikes me as highly unlikely.
QUESTION: Maybe we shouldn't call it "universal" then. But please explain what you mean.
CHOMSKY: The same structures that make it possible to learn a human language make it impossible for us to learn a language that violates the principles of universal grammar. If a Martian landed from outer space and spoke a language that violated universal grammar, we simply would not be able to learn that language the way that we learn a human language like English or Swahili. We should have to approach the alien's language slowly and laboriously -- the way that scientists study physics, where it takes generation after generation of labor to gain new understanding and to make significant progress. We're designed by nature for English, Chinese, and every other possible human language. But we're not designed to learn perfectly usable languages that violate universal grammar. These languages would simply not be within the range of our abilities.
QUESTION: How would you assess current research about universal grammar?
CHOMSKY: In the last three or four years, there's been a major conceptual change in the underlying theory. We now assume that universal grammar consists of a collection of preprogrammed subsystems that include, for example, one responsible for meaning, another responsible for stringing together phrases in a sentence, a third one that deals, among other things, with the kinds of relationships between nouns and pronouns that I discussed earlier. And there are a number of others.
These subsystems are not genetically preprogrammed down to the last detail. If they were, there would be only one human language. But heredity does set rather narrow limits on the possible ways that the rules governing each subsystem's function can vary. Languages like English and Italian, for example, differ in their choice of genetically permitted variations that exist as options in the universal grammar. You can think of these options as a kind of linguistic menu containing mutually exclusive grammatical possibilities.
For example, languages like Italian have chosen the "null subject" option from the universal grammar menu. In Italian, you can say "left" when you mean "He left" or "She left." English and French have passed up this option and chosen instead the rule that requires explicit mention of the subject.
QUESTION: What are some other grammatical options on the universal grammar menu?
CHOMSKY: In English, the most important element in every major grammatical category comes first in its phrase. In simple sentences, for example, we say "John hit Bill," not "John Bill hit." With adjectives, we say "proud of John," not "John of proud"; with nouns, we say "habit of drinking wine," not "drinking wine of habit"; and with prepositions, we say "to John," not "John to." Because heads of grammatical categories always come first English is what is called a head-initial language.
Japanese is a head-final language. In Japanese, you say "John Bill hit." And instead of prepositions, there are postpositions that follow nouns: "John to," rather than "to John." So here's another parameter the child's got to learn from experience: Is the language head-initial or head-final?
These grammatical parameters are interconnected. You can't pick them any more freely than, say, a wine fanatic who insists on white wine with fish and red wine with meat is free to choose any main dish once he's decided on his wine. But grammars are even more sensitive than this culinary example might suggest. A slight change in just one of the universal grammar's parameters can have enormous repercussions throughout the language. It can produce an entirely different language. Again, there's a close parallel to embryology, where a slight shift in the gene mechanisms regulating growth may be all that separates a fertilized egg from developing into a lion rather than a whale.
QUESTION: So what exactly would you say is the grammar of English?
CHOMSKY: The grammar of English is the collection of choices -- head-initial rather than head-final, and null subject forbidden, for example -- that define one of a limited number of genetically permitted selections from the universal grammar menu of grammatical options. And of course there are all the lexical facts. You just have to learn your language's vocabulary. The universal grammar doesn't tell you that "tree" means "tree" in English. But once you've learned the vocabulary items and fixed the grammatical parameters for English, the whole system is in place. And the general principles genetically programmed into the language organ just churn away to yield all the particular facts about English grammar.
QUESTION: It sounds as if your present goal is to reach the point where you can define every human language's grammar simply by specifying its choices from the universal grammar's menu of options.
CHOMSKY: That's the kind of work you would hope would soon be done: to take a theory of universal grammar, fix the parameters one way or another, and then deduce from these parameters the grammar of a real human language -- Japanese, Swahili, English, or whatnot. This goal is only on the horizon. But I think that it is within our conceptual grasp. Undoubtedly, the principles of universal grammar that we currently theorize are wrong. It would be a miracle if we were right this early along. But the principles are of the right type, and we can now begin to test our present system with complex examples to see what is wrong and to make changes that will improve our theory.
QUESTION: Judging from what you've said about language and heredity, it sounds as if you must be sympathetic to the aims of sociobiology. Is that a fair assumption?
CHOMSKY: Well, I think that in some respects the sociobiologists are on the right track. I think it's true that a good deal of our personal behavior, social behavior, reactions, and so on are the reflection of genetic programs, and I think that it's a worthwhile enterprise to discover what these programs are. But while I think the general idea behind sociobiology is right, I also think that sociobiologists should be extremely cautious about the specific conclusions they draw from their research. Unfortunately, they often draw conclusions that are remote from evidence or theory.
QUESTION: Many sociobiologists would dispute your note of caution. They claim that science has already gained enough information about the relationships between genes and behavior to permit some shrewd guesses about some of the ways heredity influences human social behavior. What do you say to these claims?
CHOMSKY: I'm very skeptical. I haven't really studied the newer research in enough detail to make any informed judgment. But as for the earlier work -- for example, E. O. Wilson's Sociobiology -- well, about 90% of the book was on nonprimates, and that looked interesting. There was a little bit on primates, which was more questionable. And there was a final chapter on humans that was completely empty. I don't think Wilson understood what he was talking about in that final chapter. There were real errors in what he did describe in any detail. I don't even understand why the chapter on humans was tacked on to the book. It didn't seem to belong.
QUESTION: What do you think about the claim made by Wilson and others that there's an innate incest taboo in human beings?
CHOMSKY: Sorting out what is and what is not genetically preprogrammed in human behavior is a very difficult task. As I said, I agree with the general approach of sociobiology. I think it's a reasonable approach. But it's important to be very cautious in making any claims about the role of heredity in human affairs -- especially claims that would have social consequences if they were true. Science is held in such awe in our culture that every scientist has a special responsibility to make clear to the lay audience where his expert knowledge actually yields scientifically verifiable results and where he is guessing, indulging in sheer speculation, or expressing his own personal hopes about the success of his research. This is an important task because the lay audience is in no position to make these distinctions.
QUESTION: Moving to another controversial area in the behavioral sciences, how do you think your views differ from B. F. Skinner's behaviorist theory of language, learning, and mind?
CHOMSKY: Skinner used to take a relatively extreme position. At one point, he held that, apart from the most rudimentary functions, essentially nothing of importance was genetically programmed in the human brain. Skinner agreed that humans were genetically programmed to see and hear, but that's about all. Accordingly, he argued that all human behavior was simply a reflection of training and experience. This view can't possibly be correct. And, in fact, Skinner's approach has led absolutely nowhere in this area. It has yielded no theoretical knowledge, nontrivial principles as far as I am aware -- thus far, at any rate.
QUESTION: Why is that?
CHOMSKY: Because Skinnerian behaviorism is off the wall. It's as hopeless a project as trying to explain that the onset of puberty results from social training. But I really don't know whether Skinner still maintains this extreme position.
QUESTION: What about the late Jean Piaget? Where do you stand on his theories of the child's mental development?
CHOMSKY: Piaget's position is different: it's more complex than Skinner's. Piaget held that the child passes through cognitive states. According to my understanding of the Piagetian literature, Piaget and his supporters were never really clear about what produced a new stage of cognitive development. What they could have said -- though they seemed to shy away from it -- is that cognitive development is a genetically determined maturational process like puberty, for example. That's what the Piagetians ought to say. They don't like this formulation but it seems right to me.
QUESTION: In other words, Piagetians place much more emphasis on the role of experience in cognitive development than you do. Are there other differences as well?
CHOMSKY: Yes. Piagetians maintain that the mind develops as a whole rather than as a modular structure with specific capacities developing in their own ways. This is a possible hypothesis but, in fact, it seems to be extremely wrong.
QUESTION: How do you mean?
CHOMSKY: Well, consider the properties that determine the reference of pronouns that we talked about earlier. Once you ferret out these rules for pronouns, they seem to have nothing in common with the logical operations that Piagetians single out as being typical of the early stages of the child's mental development.
QUESTION: In other words, a four-year-old who may not realize that the amount of water stays the same when you pour the contents of a low, wide glass into a tall, thin container nevertheless displays sophisticated logical abilities in his grasp of the complex rules of English grammar?
CHOMSKY: Yes. And these abilities are independent of the logical capacities measured by tests. There's just no resemblance between what a child does with blocks and the kind of knowledge he displays of English grammar at the same age. In fact, I think it's sort of quixotic to expect tight interconnections between language development and growth in other mental domains. By and large, body systems develop in their own ways at their own rates. They interact, but the circulatory system doesn't wait until the visual system reaches a certain stage of organization before proceeding to imitate the visual system's organizational complexity. Cognitive growth shouldn't be different in this respect either. As far as we know, it isn't.
QUESTION: What about the problem of free will? If genes play a crucial role in structuring the mind's abilities, is free will an illusion?
CHOMSKY: Well, that's interesting. Here, I think, I would tend to agree with Descartes. Free will is simply an obvious aspect of human experience. I know -- as much as I know that you're in front of me right now -- that I can take my watch and throw it out the window if I feel like it. I also know that I'm not going to do that, because I want the watch. But I could do it if I felt like it. I just know this.
Now, I don't think there's any scientific grasp, any hint of an idea, as to how to explain free will. Suppose somebody argues that free will is an illusion. Okay. This could be the case, but I don't believe that it's the case. It could be. You have to be open-minded about the possibility. But you're going to need a very powerful argument to convince me that something as evident as free will is an illusion. Nobody's offered such an argument or even pretended to offer such an argument.
So where does that leave us? We're faced with an overwhelmingly self-evident phenomenon that could be an illusion even though there's no reason to believe that it is an illusion. And we have a body of scientific knowledge that simply doesn't appear to connect with the problem of free will in any way.
QUESTION: Do you think that science will ever solve the problem of free will?
CHOMSKY: Personally, I don't think so. People have been trying to solve the problem of free will for thousands of years and they've made zero progress. They don't even have bad ideas about how to answer the question. My hunch -- and it's no more than a guess -- is that the answer to the riddle of free will lies in the domain of potential science that the human mind can never master because of the limitations of its genetic structure.
QUESTION: Can you spell out what you mean?
CHOMSKY: We can laugh at a rat that always fails a complicated maze. We can say, "The rat is always going to fail because it can't look at the maze in the right way. It's doomed to fail this test forever." Similarly, some other intelligence, organized along hereditary lines different from our own, could look at the human race and say, "Those humans are always formulating the problem of free will in the wrong way. And the reason they don't understand the problem has something to do with their biological nature." It could well turn out that free will is one maze we humans will never solve. We may be like the rat that simply is not designed to solve a certain type of maze and will never do so even if it works on it for ten million years. Look, in principle, there are almost certainly true scientific theories that our genetically determined brain structures will prevent us from ever understanding. Some of these theories may well be ones that we would like to know about.
QUESTION: That's a discouraging prospect.
CHOMSKY: I don't see it as much of a reason to despair. In fact, I kind of like the conclusion. I'm not sure that I want free will to be understood.
QUESTION: Do you think that any other human abilities fall into the same mysterious category as free will?
CHOMSKY: In my opinion, all of them do.
QUESTION: All of them?
CHOMSKY: Take, for example, the aesthetic sense. We like and understand Beethoven because we are humans, with a particular, genetically determined mental constitution. But that same human nature also means there are other conceivable forms of aesthetic expression that will be totally meaningless to us. The same thing is as true for art as it is for science: the fact that we can understand and appreciate certain kinds of art has a flip side. There must be all kinds of domains of artistic achievement that are beyond our mind's capacities to understand.
QUESTION: Do you think genetic barriers to further progress are becoming obvious in some areas of art and science?
CHOMSKY: You could give an argument that something like this has happened in quite a few fields. It was possible in the late nineteenth century for an intelligent person of much leisure and wealth to be about as much at home as he wanted to be in the arts and sciences. But forty years later that goal had become hopeless. Much of the new work in art and science since then is meaningless to the ordinary person. Take modern music -- post-Schšnbergian music. Many artists say that if you don't understand modern music it's because you just haven't listened enough. But modern music wouldn't be accessible to me if I listened to it forever. Modern music is accessible to professionals, and maybe to people with a special bent, but it's not accessible to the ordinary person who doesn't have a particular quirk of mind that enables him to grasp modern music, let alone make him want to deal with it.
QUESTION: And you think that something similar has happened in some scientific fields?
CHOMSKY: I think it has happened in physics and mathematics, for example. There's this idea, which goes back to the French mathematicians known collectively as Bourbaki, that the development of mathematics was originally the exploration of everyday intuitions of space and number. That is probably somewhat true through the end of the nineteenth century. But I don't think it's true now. As for physics, in talking to students at MIT, I notice that many of the very brightest ones, who would have gone into physics twenty years ago, are now going into biology. I think part of the reason for this shift is that there are discoveries to be made in biology that are within the range of an intelligent human being. This may not be true in other areas.
QUESTION: You seem to be saying two things. First, that whatever defines our common human nature will turn out to be a shared set of intuitions that owe much of their strength and character to our common genetic heritage -- our species genotype. Second, that the exhaustion of these intuitions in many areas is producing a peculiar kind of artistic and scientific specialization. Further progress in music or mathematics, for example, requires a scientist or artist with an unusual heredity.
CHOMSKY: Well, it's a different mental constitution -- something like being a chess freak or a runner who can do a three-and-one-half minute mile. It's almost a matter of logic that this change is going to occur sooner or later. Has it happened already? That's a matter of judgment. It's a matter of looking at, say, the twentieth century and seeing whether there are signs of this change. Is it the case, for example, that contemporary work in the arts and sciences is no longer part of our common aesthetic and intellectual experience? Well, there are signs. But whether the signs are realistic or whether we are just going through a sort of sea change and something will develop, who knows? Maybe a thousand years from now we'll know.
QUESTION: Do these possibilities ever make you feel that you're living in a time of creative stagnation?
CHOMSKY: I don't really feel that. I think that there are too many possibilities. There's too much human potential that hasn't as yet been realized. And don't forget that the vast majority of the human race hasn't even entered into the world that we're claiming may be finished. Who knows what the Third World will contribute to mankind's store of science and art when it does catch up with the industrialized nations? We are well short of real stagnation or termination but that doesn't rule out the possibility that one might be able to perceive signs of such a change, or even be able to gain some insight into the ultimate limits of our intelligence by examining these signs.
QUESTION: How do these ideas fit into your choice of linguistics as a career?
CHOMSKY: My choice of linguistics was like most people's choice of work. It was an accident that depended on whom I met, where I was, and that sort of thing. Linguistics, however, was a fortunate choice for me because I think that linguistics is an area where it is possible to construct a very rich science.
QUESTION: How would you assess your own contributions to linguistics?
CHOMSKY: They seem sort of pre-Galilean.
QUESTION: Like physics before the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century?
CHOMSKY: Yes. In the pre-Galilean period, people were beginning to formulate problems in physics in the right way. The answers weren't there, but the problems were finally being framed in a way that in retrospect we can see was right.
QUESTION: How "pre-" do you mean? Are you saying that linguistics is about where physics was in the sixteenth century? Or are we going back still further, to Aristotle and to other Greek ideas about physics?
CHOMSKY: We don't know. It depends, you see, on when the breakthrough comes. But my feeling is that someday someone is going to come along and say, "Look, you guys, you're on the right track, but you went wrong here. It should have been done this way." Well, that will be it. Suddenly, things will fall into place.
QUESTION: And then we'll have a scientific revolution in linguistics?
CHOMSKY: I would think so, although to speak of scientific revolutions occurring outside a small core of the natural sciences is rather misleading. In fact, there was one major scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and there have been a lot of outgrowths from it since then, including biochemistry and molecular biology. But that's it. Nothing remotely resembling a scientific revolution has ever occurred in the social sciences.
QUESTION: How should a scientist exercise responsibility for the uses of his research?
CHOMSKY: The same way that any human does in any area of life.
QUESTION: Do you think that there are areas in science so potentially vulnerable to social misuse that they should not be pursued?
CHOMSKY: I think there are. For example, research on how to build more effective nuclear weapons. I don't think that should be pursued.
QUESTION: What about fundamental research -- say, basic research in molecular biology that might conceivably give the weapons makers of the next generation a new set of destructive tools?
CHOMSKY: There's no simple answer to that question. Human beings are responsible for the predictable consequences of their actions. I would stop doing what I was doing if I discovered that I was engaged in an area of scientific research that I thought, under existing social conditions, would lead to, say, oppression, destruction, and pain.
QUESTION: An anachronistic question then: If you were a physicist in 1929, would you have done basic work in nuclear physics even though there was already speculation about the possibility of someday building an atom bomb?
CHOMSKY: It's not an easy question. It's tempting to say, "Yes, because we have to understand the world." On the other hand, it could be that basic research in nuclear physics will lead to the extinction of the human race or to something close to that. So I don't think a glib answer is possible. Still, if you ask me specifically, I'm sure that my answer would have been yes. I would have done the work just out of interest and curiosity and with the hope that things would somehow work out. But whether that would have been the morally responsible path is not clear.


text:
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Joubert, who has not been part of the Springbok set-up for almost a year now, had only just recovered from a wrist operation when he damaged ankle ligaments while training with the Western Province squad this week.
According to the team's medical personnel it will be a fortnight before he can begin to train again.
The injury is the latest blow for Joubert who, having been named as one of the five IRB Players of the year in 2004, missed almost all of 2005 with a lower back problem.


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Joanne Shaw Taylor
10/10/15 - 27/10/15
2015 UK Tour
Midge Ure has shape shifted his way through the UK music scene for over 35 years.
MIDGE URE BIOGRAPHY - AUGUST 2012An artist who has received Ivor Novello, Grammy, BASCAP awards along with a flotilla of gold and platinum records, really needs very little introduction. Musical success is seldom measured in time spans of more than a few years, if not Andy Warhol's often quoted "fifteen minutes", so the fact that by the time Midge'...
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Lean UX – Pros and Cons
There are more and more articles online about 'Lean UX' (I've also seen Meetups focusing on the topic, as well as numerous conversations amongst colleagues). Is it as simple as working in shorter iterations rather than longer deliverable releases? Does it mean you show deliverables to the client and team(s) more often? Less annotations? First, let's try to determine a baseline definition of what constitutes Lean UX and move forward from there.
Jeff Gothelf of The Ladders has recorded a Webcast regarding how he uses Lean UX (I recommend you check it out!). Others, including Jared Spool, have questioned whether it is worth giving any attention.
To me, Lean UX is about questioning the nature of deliverables and not working 'in silo' in Agile Development settings.
1. Questioning the nature of deliverables: It doesn't mean that there are no deliverables, it means that having overly documented deliverables in an environment where changes and pivots are happening weekly / monthly / daily isn't the best use of anyone's time. Instead, sketches, prototypes, designs, and lots of user feedback / metrics are handed off and discussed amongst all stakeholders. Conversations between teams happen more frequently, and are often encouraged.
2. Working in silo: 'Working in silo' means that you are basically quarantined (either by yourself or your organization's hierarchy) so that there is a division of labor similar to that of an assembly line: A developer or designer gets 'the parts' (in this case being wireframes, use cases, etc.) and assembles them into a finished product, often with little or no questioning (especially about big picture stuff).
3. Agile Development settings: Agile is a particular way of working, and refers mostly to Agile Development. Agile, often happening incrementally, means that there are going to be changes. Lots of changes. Lots of releases. Lots of bugs (and bug-fixing). Iteratively and cross-functionally.
Pro: Lean UX is fast
On products with hazy or changing definitions, Lean UX works wonders. What's better than showing up one morning with entirely different sketches for your app based on what some core customers said over dinner the other night? Lean UX works wonders in these instances (not to mention saves time and money). If you can reduce time spent on unnecessary or irrelevant features and get to the core of what matters, then you can move faster and produce more quality products.
Con: Lean UX doesn't work well with distributed teams
When you have teams working in silo all over the world (or at least not sitting in the same physical location) Lean UX presents challenges. Sketches, due to their low-fidelity nature, are best talked through rather than 'handed off'. Add cultural differences and understandings to your remote team and real problems with Lean UX really set in. I remember a project I was working on where the development team was located in Europe. They had their own development schedule and way of working. Collaboration (and even communication) were sparse and nonexistent. There are ways around these problems, however. This article written by Jonathan Follett discuss this point in greater detail and presents software to help mitigate against these differences, such as MindMeister.
Pro: Lean UX breaks barriers
What better way to unite teams of designers, developers, and business stakeholders than practicing Lean UX? Cooper has a great post on Lean UX. They identify Product Stewardship as a real way to alleviate the stress of Product Managers / Owners in making all of the numerous (and often nefarious) decisions. By acting as the glue between multiple disciplines, a team with a great Product Steward is giving themselves a clear advantage in a highly competitive digital marketplace.
Con: Lean UX doesn't work with hands-off clients
When clients are paying for a product and already have a set way of doing things, Lean UX isn't necessarily the best option. If money = deliverable and the education process of advocating Lean UX is too risky, working in silo between disciplines might be the only way to finish successfully. Many clients prefer hands-off, and don't have the same time on their hands to dip into a UX Designers's sketches and iterations to offer their .02. In-between engagements you can slip them eBooks and Slideshares (like the one above!) so they can wrap their head around this new methodology.
Lean UX links:
- The 9 Principles of Lean User Experience
- Lean + UX + Agile
- Lean UX Machine
- Quora: Difference between Agile Development & Lean UX


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He has stated that he will skate in Calgary. He plans to stick around until 2010, and barring injuries to defend his title.
He said that it really doesn't pay financially to stick around in the amature ranks (GP victory is only $5K) but there are still other QUAD JUMPS to be learned and more titles to be won! Bravo, Zhenya!!!!
partially translated from:


text:
December 12, 2012
Star Sport
Walters could defend title in Apri
Gladstone Taylor/Photographer - 'Axeman' Walters
Leighton Levy, STAR Writer
Newly crowned World Boxing Association (WBA) featherweight champion Nicholas Walters could have his first title defence here at home as early as April 2013. But for this to happen, the Jamaica Boxing Board has to inform the WBA in six weeks if it will be able to stage the event.
After his victory on Saturday, Walters revealed he would like to have his first defence here on home soil.
The top brass from the WBA were on the island for the 'Rumble on Jamrock' five-fight card on the weekend, and were very impressed with how the event was promoted and staged and apparently are in agreement with Jamaica being given the opportunity to host Walters' first title defence. Jamaica Boxing Board president Stephen Jones is attracted to the idea but is very cognisant of the reality that staging the fight in April will have its challenges. He met with WBA vice-president Gilberto Jesus Mendoza and operations manager Julio Thyme yesterday to discuss the possibility.
"We discussed the possibility to have them sanction the title defence here, and they actually support this idea," he said. "Now is not the time to rest because, apparently, when you become the champion everyone wants the title so everything picks up.
"I have to now meet with Nicolas' management, meet with the board and show the WBA that we are serious about having the title defence here. It's their belt so they have to make sure that Jamaica can have the fight or not. I have been very straight with them. I told them that Jamaica would like to have the fight and would they give us the first option to do so," Jones said.
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(NEW YORK) -- The latest report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that widespread flu activity has been found in 10 states, compared to just four states with high activity levels last week. Of the 10 regions in the country, eight have reported "elevated influenza-like illness activity." That number is also on the rise, up from five of 10 last week.
The most commonly confirmed strain this flu season is the H1N1 strain, the same that caused a stir in 2009. Medical experts point out that the reason that the H1N1 strain, called "swine flu," was so dangerous in 2009 was the lack of immunity and that the strain was not covered by the annual flu vaccine. This flu season, however, the H1N1 strain is among those included in both the trivalent and quadrivalent vaccinations.
Children under the age of five have experienced the most flu-related hospitalizations so far this season. The second most-impacted group is adults 65 years old or older.
As of last week, the CDC had reported four pediatric deaths related to influenza. There were no new deaths reported this past week.
Copyright 2013 ABC News Radio


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Missha The Style Under Eye Brightener Review & Swatches
Missha The Style Under Eye Brightener has been in my stash for a while now and isn't a terribly great option for aging eyes however, younger eyes might just like this one.
I personally use it on days I need a lightweight concealer for running errands or days I won't be out for long periods of time. At $5.99 it is a very cost friendly concealer and considerably nicer than you'd get at a US drugstore.
Let's take a look!
This is a simple, no nonsense concealer available in two shades. It comes with a sponge tip applicator and has brightening properties for diffusing the appearances of dark circles.
It's a thinner, creamier consistency that should work great under oily eyes. I find it's unforgivable for drier eyes as the texture takes a little effort to blend out and has a semi-matte finish that tends to crease into finer lines.
Coverage is sheer to medium and it does do a good job of brightening the eye area up but I feel like after application my eyes are still left looking tired and un-awake which is what I depend on my concealer for, brightening, waking and perking up my eyes and sadly this doesn't do that for me.
Personally, Missha The Style Under Eye Brightener might be better suited for younger eyes or those with oilier skin. However, if you have drier or aging eyes you might feel the coverage and formula isn't quite what you're looking for in an under eye concealer.
No likey on this one.
Tried it?
Loved it?
Do share!
Available at www.misshaus.com
This product was purchased
by the Muse for review purposes.
Read my full disclosure statement here.
6/20/12 21:24 Frozen Blossoms:
Hi sis!!! I super love your blog… I love make up too!!! followed you, you might want to check my site too.
Have a Nice day. =)
6/21/12 16:35 blue:
i second that Muse. i tried this concealer as well and it did nothing for my horrible dark and dry under eye circles. if anything it made that area look worst; i looked better without it. ended up giving it to my friend. thank god i got it on sale.
6/21/12 19:10 Irene:
I have very dark under eye circles, not dry but not very oily either, and this concealer works great for me! I use the lightest shade over a light layer of bb cream on the area and I feel the coverage is just fantastic. Then again, I'm 22 so my under eye area has no wrinkles or aging problems. I do set it with a powder though, otherwise I'll get some creasing.
6/22/12 10:53 Nerea:
I have it!! I have oily skin and yes, I'm younger too (I'm 18) xP and for me it's perfect! It's the first concealer I've used and I'm very happy with it, It doesn't crease and doesn't feel greasy at all. I don't have super dark circles though, I only use it when I've slept a few hours. For me it lasts 4-5 hours without problems.
Kisses from Spain muse!
5/6/13 9:29 lil'eve:
You described it perfectly! Am 36 and for the first time I need something because I have purple circles. Surprisingly I work nites,and sleep a couple hours,a,day for the last 16 and now am having this,problem. So I purchased the Concealer on eBay but it really doesn't do anything. At least is,creamy and smooth, not cakey at all. I have nothing to compare it to because I Benet used Concealer before. Do u have any suggestions?


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Pakistani designer presents Oriental-inspired collection
Pakistani designer Shehla Chatoor, who was here Saturday to showcase her latest collection of capes and saris, said she tried to weave the magic of the Italian Renaissance along with Oriental tapestry.
The designs featured fringes and oriental screen prints.
The designer is stocking at the Pakistan Fashion Design Council (PFDC) The Boulevard, a one-stop shop for Pakistani designer wear.
Chatoor said her latest designs have both western and oriental influences.
"My designs have always had these eastern influences. What I have brought in India is eastern luxury pret where silhouettes remain a mix of Pakistani and a bit of Indian, but the prints are very oriental," Chatoor told IANS.
"Those china-cheeni prints or dolls or busy prints, or even in some designs there is a lot of inspiration from the Italian Renaissance. None of this is digital printing. They are screen prints that I have developed and produced," she added.
Mixing hues like beige with peaches, and beige with reds for her limited bridal trousseau, and fusing knee-length pale kurtis with busy-cropped slim-fit trousers, the collection is wearable and offers a balance of colours.
While use of fringes is a welcome change for fashion enthusiasts, its placement in the garment at the right place doesn't take away attention from the colour prints, the designer said.
The best of the lot was a modern sari with fringes at the end of the pallu.
"Let's admit that the way Indians drape a sari, we can't. So what I have got here is a modern printed sari with fringes, adding to the glamour and metal-mesh blouse complementing the look," she said.
(Posted on 14-12-2013)


text:
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|See Other Portable Projectors
The LV-7490 connects to a variety of devices, including laptop and desktop computers, DVD players, and digital cameras and camcorders.
Network-ready RJ-45 Port
To maximize the usability of the LV-7490, the built-in RJ-45 port enables centralized control and monitoring from a networked PC. This makes it simple for an A/V team to operate ceiling mounted installed projectors from a remote PC, allowing fewer personnel to cover a larger service area.
The LV-7490's RS-232 Serial Port allows for local control of the LV-7490 through a third-party control system.
Two audio Mini-Jack stereo inputs and one output are found on the LV-7490 for relaying audio through external speakers. It provides the flexibility needed to play audio from a linked DVD or PC source.
© 2015 Canon U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited.


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Narrow down the 2 results:Map View
Chemin Hilaire Route De MontaboGood 70%
26-28 avenue du Général de GaulleGood 70%
Create your own travel plan including Cayenne as one of your stops. You can use it to store all your research (even hotels found on other websites!)
Do you have questions about Cayenne? You might try asking in our active travel forums and see if anyone else has been there.
Keep your family and friends up to date with your trip by starting your own travel blog!


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This photo is awaiting approval and will be posted soon.
Play our fun game and find out if the one you like likes you back. Confide in us if you think you'd hit it off by clicking: Yes, No, or Maybe. We'll anonymously find out and let you know if the feeling is mutual. You have nothing to lose!
You've already said YES! If the feeling is mutual, we'll let you both know.
You've already said No. If you've changed your mind, let us know. If you say Yes, we'll anonymously find out if the feeling is mutual. You have nothing to lose!
You've already said Maybe. If you've changed your mind, let us know. If you say Yes, we'll anonymously find out if the feeling is mutual. You have nothing to lose!
You both said YES! The feeling is mutual. Now the rest is up to you! Say Hi and get the conversation started.
I am a very easy-going, loveable, friendly, non-judgmental, positive person. I laugh at myself before laughing at others, but love to laugh. Uncontrollable laughter is better for the soul than a few chuckles, but not as easy to come by. I enjoy life and treat bad days as if they could always be worse and savor the good days. I like to be with family as well as groups of friends but would like somebody special to share experiences, thoughts, laughter, and an intimate relationship.
Copyright © 2015 Spark Networks® USA, LLC. All rights reserved.Spark Networks USA, LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Spark Networks, Inc., a NYSE MKT Company (LOV)
Spark Networks USA, LLC does not conduct background checks on the members or subscribers of this website. However, the safety and security of our members is our top priority. We urge all members to follow our online safety tips.
The Color Code icon tells you that this member has taken the FREE Color Code Personality Test and wants to share his/her results with you. You can read all about their Color Code profile on the new Color Code tab.
The Color Code, by Dr. Taylor Hartman, is one of the most insightful personality tests in existence, and is made up of four personality Colors, or driving Core Motives. The Color Code teaches you the real motives behind your actions and how to better relate to other personality types.
Don't miss this chance to get valuable, life-changing personal insight, it only takes less than 15 minutes and it's FREE!
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Any woman who has more than one child can tell you how different each child is from birth. You are born with your personality intact. The Color Code is based on your natural, innate personality type. Of course, people may change over time, but your Core Color will always remain the same.
Sometimes it is difficult to choose from the four options given, but there is usually one that fits better than the rest, or at least one that you could see yourself as more so than the others. If you're still unsure, try asking someone who knows you well, such as a parent or sibling. They can give clarity on areas of your personality that you may not notice.


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American Rugby Outfitters is America's leading Authentic Rugby Team Apparel, Rugby Jerseys & Gear/Equipment
distributor in America. We stand by our gear and expect nothing less than perfection. Since or inception in 1985,
we have been the leaders in developing new innovative ideas for rugby gear, team apparel collections and
Authentic Rugby Jerseys. If you have received a defective item (i.e. stitching defect, tear in the material), the
incorrect size or order, please contact us immediately. We will make your order right.
Should you need to return an item, you must include a return authorization # (Please call us for this),
and this completed form.
All returned merchandise must be received in new, resalable condition. Click here for our mailing address.
You are responsible for the cost of returning it to us.
Original shipping costs are non refundable.
If you are exchanging merchandise, please fill out this completed form,
and include a return authorization # (Please call us for this)
You are responsible for the cost of returning it to us, unless it was our oversight.
Original shipping costs are non refundable.
You also will be charged for shipping cost on the new item you are exchanging for.
to orders unnecessarily. Once we receive the goods from our manufacturers/suppliers we ship your order the
same day. If your order requires decorating, numbering or special detailing, please allow three to six weeks for us to process your custom order. If rush freight or rush services is required to get your order to you within a certain time frame there are additional charges.
We sell the highest quality products and describe them with manufacturer's specifications. We use these items
ourselves. You must be fully satisfied with your merchandise or you can request a refund. If for any reason
you are not completely satisfied, send back the merchandise in question with proof of purchase. We will inspect
the item and make an exchange or refund. For non-defective items or items ordered incorrectly our restocking
fee is 15%. We realize the sport of rugby is rugged and demands durable gear to play our great sport. We expect you'll wear your rugby gear for a long time and give it a good workout. If you're one of those unbelievably tough players (i.e. enjoy playing a match on a pitch of jagged rocks and barbed wire), we will repair any damages for a nominal fee. And if you provide a great story about how it happened, we will consider making the repair or replacing your item for free!


text:
Cody Fraser: Making a Difference
Cody Fraser is no stranger to hard work. Growing up on his family's beef cattle farm in rural Maine, and later working in his father's excavation business, manual labor and seeing results became part of his DNA.
It also produced a drive to dig deeper into God's Word and aim to discover God's plan for his life.
On campus, Cody is an officer with BBC Security, carries double duty as a member of the Student Leadership Council team, and takes a full load of credits each semester.
The goal: Make a difference for Christ, whether in a future business, the community, or his church.
A passion to make a difference in the world drives many students like Cody to BBC, where excellence in biblical higher education equips them for effectiveness in global Christian leadership.
Read more In the Spotlights here.
Insight Questions
Where are you from?
I am from Brunswick, a town in southern Maine. It is about 15 minutes from L.L. Bean. I grew up on my family's farm and lived there for my whole life. Growing up, I attended three churches; the one I currently attend at home is Lisbon Falls Baptist Church.
What was it like growing up?
Mom home-schooled my sister and I. Dad, when I was little, would usually be gone before I woke up. I'd see him at lunch then he'd come home when I was going to bed. As I got older, I began helping out on the farm. The older I got, the more work I did. Which, being home-schooled, meant I was available when Dad needed help.
In 2001, my Dad's biggest helper, my grandfather, died. The farm became too much for my Dad to run alone, so he shifted to excavation work. This led me to work even more. When I got into my last couple years of high school, work was slowing down due to the economy, so I started working at a small grocery store. That was some of my first real exposure to a work environment where most of the people were non-Christians. It helped me understand the change God can make in someone's life.
What has your education been like?
I was raised as a home-schooler. I can honestly say I was the head of my class, the class clown, the bully, the nice guy, and valedictorian. I never was stuck with a single curriculum. I'm pretty sure I used a little bit of every type of material out there. But I would also say I had a lot of education from working. There were many times Dad would call up asking for my help. I would go to the farm or to job sites and help Dad work on whatever project he had going on at the time. I learned how to do everything from running a chainsaw, to digging a foundation, to running almost every piece of equipment you can think of.
What is your major?
Currently it is Specialized Ministries. I'm still trying to decide what to do with that. I am looking into specializing in business and youth ministry. I would like to be involved someday in business, though I don't know exactly how. I feel it is something I would enjoy and God seems to be pointing me in that direction. And I would like to be involved in a youth group someday, so that is the attraction to youth ministry. Maybe that's not as a youth pastor but as a leader or counselor in a church's youth program.
How did you find out about BBC?
I would probably have to say from my assistant pastor, Jon Jones. He graduated from BBC&S and came to my home church in Maine for his internship. He eventually became the full-time assistant. And BBC is where my sister went to college. She came as a freshman my sophomore year of high school. The first time I visited the school was during my junior year when we came to drop Heather off.
What made you choose BBC?
Several factors impacted my decision. First, I knew some people who were here. For me, that was probably one of the biggest draws. They all liked it a lot. I figured I probably would too. Second, my assistant pastor had graduated from here and he highly recommended it. Third, I wanted to go somewhere and get at least a year of Bible. Now it's something more.
What are you doing on campus?
I am going into my junior year. I have hardly left since freshman weekend. Both summers I have been employed at the school working campus security. I've been pretty heavily involved in student leadership since day one. It started with getting involved in Freshman Crew, a student group that does lots of odd jobs around campus. Then I got involved in running Community Appreciation Day my freshman year. Sophomore year I was one of the leaders of Freshman Crew and in charge of Community Appreciation Day and also did other work inside of the Student Leadership Council. Now I am on the SLC executive team and am working closely with the president and the rest of the team planning events and programs.
What are goals for the future?
I would definitely say graduating is toward the top of that list. But short term, I would like to see some changes within SLC, making it a more focused and influential in people's lives so we can minister more effectively to the students, faculty, and surrounding community. Long term, I wouldn't mind getting married. For work, I would like to be involved in business in some capacity. I would really like to someday be able to help out ministries and further God's work by monetary means.
Why are you interested SLC?
I like being involved in the leadership here because it gives me a chance to do what I can to serve my classmates and fellow students. I enjoy planning, making decisions, and trying to help students grow as much as possible during the year. I like trying to make a difference in people's lives and I enjoy the challenges student leadership presents. I hope it will help me to be a more effective leader in years to come when I get outside the college world and into the workforce. I want to be able to train myself and develop the skills I need to effectively serve in a church or in business.
What is serving in student leadership like?
Student Leadership Council's overarching purpose is to help students grow in every aspect of their college lives and to help further the growth of the body of students as a whole. SLC gives students the opportunity to step out of their comfort zone by taking leadership roles in various aspects and student groups. Every class and residence hall has officer teams that are in place to help further the school spirit and unify the students.
My position in SLC is executive representative. SLC as a whole plans, runs, and directs almost every major school function. The executive team is in charge of making sure all of the events happen, and happen correctly. We cannot do all of it alone, so having all of the officers from the different classes and dorms is vital to making sure everything is accomplished. You can kind of explain what we do by thinking of an upside-down pyramid. The executive team is at the smallest end. We know what has to be done, but we can't do it all ourselves.
Contact information:
Email: email@example.com
Learn more about the Specialized Ministries program here.
Learn more about Business Administration program here.
Baptist Bible College & Seminary offers an outstanding Christian education through on-campus, online, and other distance learning options. Students go beyond the ordinary, learning to learn and serve with excellence as they gain critical leadership and life skills.
To learn more, go to www.bbc.edu or call 570.586.2400
Posted on: 8/18/2010 5:22:38 PM
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text:
The BindingThis quest was marked obsolete by Blizzard and cannot be obtained or completed. Using the Pure Hearts, summon and subdue a succubus, then return the Pure Hearts to Carendin Halgar in the Magic Quarter of the Undercity.
|Summoned Succubus slain
|Pure Hearts (Provided)
DescriptionUsing these hearts, cast a spell at the summoning circle to open a doorway for the succubus to come through. Your powers are greater now, and you will need all of them to defeat the succubus.
Beware its charms, <name>, many a strong mind has been bound to its will. When overcome, the succubus will be returned to the void, and I will teach you the spell to summon it forth at your command.
RewardsYou will learn:
|Summon Succubus
|Small Soul Pouch


text:
Anonymous comments allowed.
Reply+6#272 - supermegasherman (01/04/2013) [-]
i haven't played skyrim yet so i'm a little unfamiliar, do the pedestrians really just go up against enemies like this? in oblivion they just ran away
Reply+3#274 to #272 - muchosgustaman (01/04/2013) [-]
Most NPCs engage dragons and Vampires when they attack the village/town.
#275 to #274 - supermegasherman (01/04/2013) [-]
that sounds awesome. do they ever win or do they just get slaughtered?
Reply+3#276 to #275 - muchosgustaman (01/04/2013) [-]
Against Vampires, if there's a bunch of citizens, yes with 1 or 2 casualties, against a pissed off demonic fire breathing lizard, not so much.
#279 to #276 - supermegasherman (01/04/2013) [-]
i need to see that. the villagers getting slaughtered anyway
Reply+2#281 to #279 - muchosgustaman (01/04/2013) [-]
It can get really ******* annoying if the Shopkeepers die because they don't respawn.
#283 to #281 - supermegasherman (01/04/2013) [-]
so i just have to keep the shopkeepers alive then?
Reply+2#284 to #283 - muchosgustaman (01/04/2013) [-]
There are others, and shopkeepers make up about 5-10% of the population so it's not a huge risk, Vamps and dragons tend to go for you anyway.
#297 to #284 - supermegasherman (01/04/2013) [-]
nice. i have it but i've been busy with mass effect and gta
#303 to #297 - muchosgustaman (01/04/2013) [-]
Mass Effect is probably my second favourite series, after TES. Halo is a close 3rd. Suicide mission FTW!
#304 to #303 - supermegasherman (01/05/2013) [-]
i'm doing my 4th playthrough of me2 right now. went out and got me1 for ps3 and now i'm replaying the series
#305 to #304 - muchosgustaman (01/05/2013) [-]
I've got 815 GS on that game, but haven't beaten it on insanity yet. I'm doing that next week when i have enough time off. I'll do a NG+ with my level 27 infiltrator. That'd be easiest.
Reply0#307 to #305 - supermegasherman (01/05/2013) [-]
Insanity? i'll be lucky if i can beat it on hard..


text:
Publisher's Description+
Snood is a fun puzzle game that tests your intellect rather than your reflexes. The application has many new features and a new Armageddon level. There also is a play timer and a panic button (to keep others from knowing you're playing Snood). Your goal is to free all the trapped Snoods by launching other Snoods at them. If you connect three or more Snoods, they will disappear. If that leaves any Snoods not connected to the top of the playing field, they will fall to safety. Don't take too long, though--every Snood you launch increases the danger level.
Version 3.5W may include unspecified updates, enhancements, or bug fixes.


text:
LES SAISONS30 Route de Clermont-Ferrand
63610 BESSE-ET-SAINT-ANASTAISETel. : 04 73 96 72 67
The item has been added to your travel journal.
This object already exists in your travel journal.
Send to a friend
Furnished accommodation and Gîtes, House
Own tumble dryer, Oven, Highchair, Television, Dishwasher, Television point, Heating, Fireplace, Freezer, DVD, Own washing machine, Crib
Terrace, Patio set, Covered shelter, Courtyard, Own entrance, Storey, Self-contained accommodation, Own garden, Enclosed site, Separate toilet
Maximum capacity of your accommodation : 11 Persons
Contact and reservation


text:
|LMC Volleyball Receive Academic Award
|Written by Chris Parker
|Tuesday, 05 August 2014 22:03
The Lees-McRae men's and women's volleyball teams received the American Volleyball Coaches Association Team Academic Award for the 2013-14 season, the association announced Tuesday.
The award, which was initiated in the 1992-93 academic year, honors collegiate and high school volleyball teams that displayed excellence in the classroom during the school year by maintaining at least a 3.30 cumulative team grade-point average on a 4.0 scale or a 4.10 cumulative team GPA on a 5.0 scale.
"Too often athletic participation is associated with academic underachievement and this stereotype is simply false when it comes to volleyball," said AVCA Executive Director Kathy DeBoer. "Couple the smarts represented by these teams with the competitive experience and team-focused training gained on the court and we have a potent formula for future leadership! What a significant contribution that is by their coaches and schools."
The AVCA Team Academic Award has become one of the AVCA's fastest growing awards programs, seeing an impressive surge in teams honored over the past several years. Since the 2000-2001 season, the number of recipients have increased every single year but one, while amassing an overall 500% increase over the span of the last decade. Since the award's inception in 1993, the amount of award winners has increased from 62 to its current number of 676.
NCAA Division II set a new record with 94 honorees, while this was the first time for both LMC programs to receive recognition.
"As a coach, getting this recognition from the AVCA was my #1 goal for both of our teams. It's not easy finding a successful balance between academics and athletics, especially with the brutal travel schedules both teams had last year," praised head coach Dave Schmidlin.
"But, they still found a way to get it done in the classroom, with both teams achieving well over the minimum 3.30 GPA to qualify for this award. Everyone involved with the Lees-McRae men's and women's volleyball programs should be very proud of this accomplishment."
Division Number of recipients Percent Breakdown*
NCAA Division I Women 134 20%
NCAA Division II Women 94 14%
NCAA Division III Women 126 18.6%
NAIA Women 33 5%
Two-Year College 22 3.2%
NCAA Collegiate Men 7 1%
High School Girls 225 33%
High School Boys 27 4%
College Sand 6 0.9%
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Click here to return to the main NACC Now page.Contents:
1. Executive Director's reflection
2. Revised standards posted; procedures coming
3. NAJC national conference coming soon
4. SCC to meet in Chicago
5. Conference Early Bird registration deadline is March 7
6. 2008 conference to offer Red Cross training
7. World Day of the Sick prayer cards available
8. It's a boy!
Happy New Year to you! No resolutions will be made in this column. However, I want to share with you my early 2008 priorities and my wish for the coming year. Priority one is working with you on creating local/regional gatherings, as well as improving our educational offerings. So far for '08 we have individuals or groups in several geographical areas, such as Boston, Seattle, St. Louis, Nashville, Chicago, and North Central Prairie, who have been, are, or will be planning such gatherings with us. We want to target at least another half dozen for 2008. Please alert me of interest in your area. The second priority is advancing the important work of the October Pastoral Care Summit, in partnership with the Catholic Health Association and the task forces. Third is developing tools for marketing/recruitment and moving forward with some targeted marketing/recruitment activity. While NACC plays many important functions, these areas we need to drive right now.
And my wish and prayer for 2008? That every member has found a way to create and receive value from fellow members because of their being part of NACC — and that everyone who encounters a chaplain sees the face of God and experiences the healing grace he or she most needs at that moment. Blessings on 2008!Revised standards posted; procedures coming
Please visit the NACC website to review the newly approved revised Standards at this page. The new procedures that accompany the revised standards will be available on the website by the end of January. Those seeking certification and renewal of certification will want to pay special attention to these new procedures. We will alert you when they are posted.NAJC national conference coming soon
The National Association of Jewish Chaplains will host its 2008 annual conference January 20-23, 2008 in Chicago. Its theme is FAMILY, as it looks at family in many ways, such as family systems, workplace as a form of family, NAJC family, our own families of origin, violence in the family, family as source of hope and ground of values. Karen Pugliese, NACC board chair, will represent the NACC at the conference and participate in a panel presentation of the Spiritual Care Collaborative. For more information, visit this site.SCC to meet in Chicago
The representatives of the cognate groups of the Spiritual Care Collaborative will be meeting in Chicago, January 23-24, 2008. This face-to-face meeting for a day will provide us with much-needed time and focus to identify and organize around the key issues and initiatives we want to address together. If any of you have items you believe we need to address in common, please email David Lichter.Conference Early Bird registration deadline is March 7
Our national conference in Indianapolis is scheduled for April 5-8, and we have set March 7 as the postmark deadline for the Early Bird registration rate. March 13 is the last guaranteed date to reserve a room at the Sheraton Indianapolis Hotel at the special NACC conference rate. The registration form will be posted on our website soon, and watch your mailboxes for the full brochure within the next week or two.2008 conference to offer Red Cross training
Following the success of Spiritual Care Response Team training by the American Red Cross at our 2007 conference, we are pleased to announce that it will be offered again when we gather in Indianapolis next spring. The training will be Friday, April 4 and Saturday, April 5. Participants will learn to offer management, leadership, and guidance to local clergy/chaplains as they provide spiritual care in critical disaster response to aviation and other transportation events, mass casualties, terrorism, or by government request. Applicants must be certified chaplains with strong leadership and management skills and prior crisis intervention experience. The deadline to apply is Jan. 14. For full details, visit this page.World Day of the Sick prayer cards available
World Day of the Sick will be celebrated Feb. 11, and as in past years, we have specially written and produced prayer cards available to share with your patients and staff. To download an order form or view samples of the Prayer for the Sick and Prayer for the Caregiver, see this page. Please note that although the cards are available throughout the year, orders must be received in our office by Feb. 1 for delivery by Feb. 11.It's a boy!
NACC Vision editor David Lewellen and his wife, Darcy Hamlin, are the proud parents of Benjamin Neal Lewellen, born on Monday, Dec. 17. Ben is adjusting beautifully to life in the outside world, and his parents are tired but delighted.


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Action Bronson, Rockefeller Music Hall, Oslo Norway
The Weeknd
The Weeknd, showcase Oslo 2015
Øya 2015
Photos from Øya 2015. (Previous year in photos: 2014 and 2013)
Vive la France!
Paris – La Défense
Sometimes I'm bored. Very bored.
Slottsfjell 2015
Photos from Slottsfjell 2015. In no order.
(Previous Slottsfjell: 2014, 2013 , 2012)
Paul McCartney – Oslo 2015
Paul McCartney, Telenor Arena, Oslo 2015
One Direction – Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo Norway
One Direction – Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo Norway
Foo Fighters – Telenor Arena
Foo Fighters – Telenor Arena
Ariana Grande – Oslo Spektrum 2015
Ariana Grande – Oslo Spektrum 2015
Christine Live, Rockefeller 2015
Christine Live, Rockefeller 2015
by:Larm 2015
by:Larm 2015 in photos. In no particular order what so ever.
Slipknot, Oslo Spektrum
Slipknot, Oslo Spektrum
365 project – January
Kygo – Oslo Spektrum 2014
Kygo – Oslo Spektrum 2014
Isac Elliot – Oslo Spektrum 2014
Isac Elliot – Oslo Spektrum 2014
In Flames – Oslo Spektrum
In Flames – Oslo Spektrum, Norway – 2014
P3 Gull Nominee Party 2014
P3 Gull Nominee Party at Parkteateret, Oslo. Kråkesølv, Gabrielle, Sval, Frk. Fryd, Izabelle and Kaveh.
Nico & Vinz
Nico & Vinz, Sentrum Scene Oslo Norway, 2014
Hello, Oslo
I love to roam the streets of Oslo collecting memories, light, glass and concrete. This post will grow, showing that Oslo is more then junkies and terrible city planning.
Continue reading
I find it very giving to try to do portrait-style live concert photography. To go closer and to isolate other stuff happening on stage. It's usually a bad idea because you need a good tele (I use a Canon 70-200 2.8 L or a Canon 135 L) in horrible light. But when you nail it its worth it.
I've created a small collection of closeups. (Top photo: James Blakd, Øya 2013)
Øyafestivalen 2014
I went to the Øyafestival in Oslo, and it looked a bit like this:
Snoop Dogg – Oslo Spektrum
Snoop Dogg, Oslo Spektrum Norway.
Slottsfjell 2014
Phew, Slottsfjell 2014 is over. Some of it looked like this… (the 2013 version looked like this, and 2012 like this!)
Hovefestivalen 2014
Photos from Hovefestivalen 2014. It's my seventh year shooting Hove (last year looked like this).
The Roadtrip 2014
So it's kind of a tradition: When winter almost become unbearable here in Norway, I lure friends to go roadtripping (last year). This years route: Denver, Austin, New Orleans, Miami with a pitstop in Toronto, Canada. And, of course, tons of detours. It looked a bit like this…
John Mayer – Norwegian Wood 2014
Arcade Fire, Norwegian Wood 2014
Miley Cyrus
Miley Cyrus, Telenor Arena 2014
The War On Drugs
The War On Drugs, Rockefeller Oslo
Ellie Goulding
Ellie Goulding live at Oslo Spektrum 2014
Haim live at Oslo Spektrum
by:Larm 2014
The 365 project
Last year I decided to shoot one photo each day for all of 2013.
I managed 70% – 256 days..
It looked like this.
Kaizers Orchestra – Siste dans
The last (!) Kaizers Orchestra concert. DNB Arena, Stavanger Norway.
Berlin 2013
I ran away to Berlin for a few days.
Øya 2013
Hightlights from this years Øyafestivalen.
Neil Young – Oslo Spektrum
Oh Hello There Mr ISO 4K..
Tacoma Airport
Rihanna – Telenor Arena 2013
Rihanna live at the Telenor Arena, Oslo Norway.
Slottsfjell 2013
Me and my camera headed out to the Slottsfjell festival in Tønsberg, Norway.
Day 201: Slottsfjell // Converge
Day 201 – Friday July 19 – Slottsfjell – Converge
Hovefestivalen 2013
Hovefestivalen 2013 is history, and it looked something like this….
VG-lista Topp 20, Rådhusplassen 2013
Photos from the annual concert in Rådhusplassen, Oslo Norway.
Bring Me the Horizon
Bring Me the Horizon, live at Rockefeller Oslo 12 May 2013.
The Roadtrip 2013
22 March we headed west for a roadtrip. On the menu; Seattle > San Francisco > Los Angeles > San Diego > Palm Springs > Phoenix > Sedona > Grand Canyon > Monument Valley > Bryce Canyon > Zion > Las Vegas. And a weekend in NYC on our way back home to Norway. Kinda looked like this.. Continue reading
Protected: De Nominerte
365 – February 2013
The 365 project
I've actually tried this a few times before; 1 shot (or more..) each day for a year. I usually manage to do it, I just dont find the time and energy to post it on the internet. So, let's try again in 2013…
So, head over to all the photos.
365 – January 2013
Farewell 2012
Some (alot) hightlights from 2012.
Protected: Julen 2012
Since I managed to delete my old site I've collected some of the portraits I've shot here.
5080 Nyhetskanalen
Pressphotos for 5080 Nyhetskanalen
Music photography
Im so blessed that I get to do tons of music photography. Some highlights from recent years.
I live in Oslo, Norway. Naturally I end up shooting tons of photos around the city.
Symmetry Is Sexy
Kinda an ongoing project. The search for wonderful symmetric motives.
Slottsfjell 2012
Photos from Slottsfjell 2012
Roadtrip USA 2012
In March 2012 we (me, Tom, Henrik & Marius) headed out for a Roadtrip on the westcoast of USA.
Berlin 2011
In May 2011 we (NRK P3) headed out on short trip to Berlin, Germany. Best. City. Ever.
The Roadtrip 2009/2010
Roadtrip US 2009 and 2010..


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Sulog sa Bluewater-A A +A
Friday, January 17, 2014
BLUEWATER Maribago Beach Resort celebrates CebuŌĆÖs biggest annual eventŌĆöthe Sinulog FestivalŌĆöwith a surge of local flavors and cultural entertainment!
This weekend, ŌĆ£Sulog sa BluewaterŌĆØ ŌĆöinspired by the Cebuano word for current or a surge in tidal waters that characterizes the popular Sinulog danceŌĆö brings to you a wave of dining events that will surely spice up your Cebu experience.
First stop is the Pista Cebuana this Saturday, Jan. 18. Experience the creative and colorful way locals celebrate feasts in the barrios, complete with flavorful dishes, great beats and dancing. ŌĆ£Pista CebuanaŌĆØ is a Bluewater barrio fiesta special that showcases the classic Cebuano cuisine like balbacua, pochero, bam-i, and lechon de Cebu. Buffet dinner is open from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at The Allegro. the Hiyas ng Bituin dancers will render a Sinulog-inspired cultural show at 7:30 p.m.
On Jan. 19, try the Sulog-Sugba, which draws on CebuŌĆÖs favorite dining pastime, ŌĆ£Sugba-Sugba sa Sugbo,ŌĆØ made more interesting with a twist of Churrasco-style grilling. The meat fest features the finest cuts of beef, pork, chicken and premium sausages with an array of flavorful sauces. The Sulog-Sugba buffet lunch is open from 11:30 am to 2 p.m. at The Allegro.
On Jan. 19 from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m., try ŌĆ£Painit ug Kakanin,ŌĆØ or homegrown hot merienda fare just perfect to share with family and friends. Try BluewaterŌĆÖs delicious local tsokolate, hot cake, bibingka, palitaw, puto and other hot new items. (PR)
Published in the Sun.Star Cebu newspaper on January 18, 2014.
Country News
Cagayan de Oro
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Fort Myers rolls out red carpet with 2nd annual film festival
Fort Myers Film Festival
For more information, film schedule and to purchase tickets, go to www.fortmyersfilmfestival.com
■ 2nd Annual Opening Night Red Carpet Gala
What: Black tie gala featuring the premiere of "French Immersion" and "Rusted Pyre"
When: 5 p.m. red carpet reception, 7 p.m. film, Wednesday, March 21
Where: Barbara B. Mann Performing Arts Hall, 8099 College Parkway, Fort Myers
Cost: $125 for show and afterparty, $29 show only, $14.50 for students
■ Films
What: A variety of films including features, documentaries and shorts. Some films will include a discussion with the filmmakers
When: Thursday-Sunday, March 22-25
Where: Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., Fort Myers, and Alliance for the Arts, 10091 McGregor Blvd., Fort Myers.
Cost: $5, $15, and $250 for all-access VIP platinum Cineast Pass
■ Awards gala dinner
What: A champagne and dessert awards ceremony hosted by NBC 2's Chad Oliver.
When: 7 p.m. Sunday, March 25
Where: Broadway Palm Dinner Theatre, 1380 Colonial Blvd., Fort Myers
Cost: $15
Tickets: 239-278-4422 or www.broadwaypalm.com
Something else: Following the awards, there will be an afterparty at the Edison Restaurant, 3583 McGregor Blvd., Fort Myers
The second annual Fort Myers Film Festival is gearing up for a banner year, with nearly 80 films, galas and side events expected. Founder and executive director of the Fort Myers Film Festival Eric Raddatz is especially excited about the array of films this year's festival will bring to viewers.
"With 77 films and dozens of countries and local Southwest Florida filmmakers represented, I can honestly say I've never been more impressed with programming in another film festival ever," he says. "These films have stars you'll recognize, points of view you've never considered, storytelling you could not imagine accompanied with silliness, depth and heart unparalleled to anything you will see in the mainstream theaters right now."
Raddatz calls special attention to the opening night red carpet gala on Wednesday, March 21, at the Barbara B. Mann Performing Arts Hall with Kevin Tierney's "French Immersion" and the Florida premiere of David Cormican's "Rusted Pyre." The cast and crew are slated to attend.
"These two films are so profoundly well done, and I'm honored to have the cast and crews join the celebration right here in Fort Myers second annual event," he says. "There is nothing more wonderful in the world than the ability independent film has to inspire, entertain, enlighten and move us all at once, and these films are fresh, not in distribution, with stars, filmmakers, writers and directors that will go on to become famous."
The festival will take place from Wednesday, March 21, to Sunday, March 25. Raddatz is no stranger to the film industry. Rather he eats, sleeps and breathes film. In addition to founding the Fort Myers Film Festival, Raddatz is also the founder of the Naples International Film Festival and the film curator of the Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center. He is the founder, CEO and president of Naples International Film Production Association and of Erad Productions.
"There is nothing more rewarding to me than to be associated with this organization of heartfelt directors, filmmakers and hardworking volunteers who share my appreciation for the art of film and how by the work of only one, changes for the better can be made," he says.
Fort Myers Film Festival "fringe" parties are slated to take place throughout the event week at various areas throughout town, including Space 39, Ford's Garage and other locations to be determined.
The Fort Myers Film Festival supports organizations such as the Lee County Student Film Festival and the Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida. Tickets are on sale for individual films, the opening night film and party, as well as the closing night award ceremony and full-access all-week passes.
Festival highlights
Raddatz shares a glimpse into a few of this year's film highlights. Tickets can be purchased at www.fortmyersfilmfestival.com or www.sbdac.com
■ "Mambo Man: The documentary of 'Cuban Pete' Aguilar": This world premiere chronicles the life of Pedro "Cuban Pete" Aguilar, one of the most influential and famous Latin dancers of all time. It is an extraordinary story about a troubled child turned triumphant dancer, turned struggling gentleman, who returned to victory as an elder statesman of Latin dance.
When: 6 p.m. dancing and cocktails, 7 p.m. film, Thursday, March 22
Where: Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., Fort Myers
Cost: $15
Something else: Executive Producer Barbara Craddock, Aguilar's long-time dance partner, will be there with cast and crew to celebrate his life and this film.
■ "Good Men":A 12-minute film about two elderly Jewish men (Ed Asner and Mark Rydell ) who get into an argument over the conspiracy allegations surrounding the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center.
When: 6 p.m. Friday, March 23
Where: Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., Fort Myers
Cost: $5, ticket includes six other short films
■ "The Knife":Karen Whittaker's film includes dozens of local actors. She is a first-time filmmaker, inspired by the Fort Myers Film Festival's "Intellectualization Mondays." In the film Stephanie thinks her husband Terry is cheating on her with Karen. During a party at Karen's house. The guests begin to play "spin the knife", asking questions to whomever the knife lands on.
When: 6 p.m. Friday, March 23
Where: Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., Fort Myers
Cost: $5, ticket includes six other short films
Something else: After the film there will be a Q&A with the cast and crew.
■ "Kaziah the Goat Woman": Another gem is the documentary of goat rancher Kaziah Hancock, an American hero for her extraordinary and dedicated work as an artist. Painting nearly 1,000 oil portraits of fallen soldiers killed since the attacks on 9/11, so that "we will never forget," are so touching I believe the audience will be genuinely moved. She's created a foundation called Project Compassion to extend her effort to paint every soldier killed serving their country abroad since 9/11.
When: 2 p.m. Saturday, March 24
Where: Alliance for the Arts, 10091 McGregor Blvd., Fort Myers
Cost: Free, $5 suggested donation
Something else: After the film Raddatz will present one of Kaziah's portraits to the family of 2nd Lt. Michael McGahan of Orlando
■ "The Power Of Two": A documentary feature film directed by Academy Award-nominated producer Marc Smolowitz — inspired by the life stories of Anabel Stenzel and Isabel Stenzel Byrnes, twin double lung transplant recipients, authors and global advocates for organ donation awareness.
When: 7:15 p.m. Saturday, March 24
Where: Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., Fort Myers
Cost: $5


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The Sound Of Change Live" Concert
Actress Freida Pinto poses backstage in the media room at the 'Chime... News PhotoActress,Arts Culture and Entertainment,Celebrities,Concert,England,Freida Pinto,London - England,Music,One Person,People,Portrait,Stadium,The Media,Twickenham Stadium,UK,VerticalPhotographer Tim P. WhitbyCollection: Getty Images Entertainment 2013 Getty ImagesLONDON, ENGLAND - JUNE 01: Actress Freida Pinto poses backstage in the media room at the 'Chime For Change: The Sound Of Change Live' Concert at Twickenham Stadium on June 1, 2013 in London, England. Chime For Change is a global campaign for girls' and women's empowerment founded by Gucci with a founding committee comprised of Gucci Creative Director Frida Giannini, Salma Hayek Pinault and Beyonce Knowles-Carter. (Photo by Tim P. Whitby/Getty Images for Gucci)


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Patrick Zentz, 2002
Zentz designed this sculpture to act as system reflective of the campus's natural setting. In homage to the massive deposits of columnar basalt in the Inland Northwest, the sculpture's base consists of cast hexagonal concrete columns. A steel and glass roof—etched with Mt. Spokane's topography and providing atmospheric information—creates a protective arbor.
The image of the Spokane River is cut into the walkway, a nod to the campus's name and namesake. An aluminum anemometer and wind vane atop the roof provide evidence of wind action, visible from both adjacent buildings and the enclosure. Finally, a gnomon adjacent to the structure casts its shadow into the interior of the enclosed space. At noon on the solstices and equinoxes, it intersects circular brass markers in the walkway.
A sculptor from Laurel, Montana, Zentz received his MFA from the University of Montana in Missoula. He was awarded an LEF Foundation Grant (1992), a fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts (1990), and a grant from Art Matters (1988). His work has been exhibited throughout the nation, including the Yellowstone Art Museum, the San Antonio Museum of Art, Boulder Art Center, and the Contemporary Arts Museum in Houston, Texas.


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Wish granted for young girl with rare disease
Adrianna DiNinno, 3, suffers from rare dwarfism conditionUPDATED 7:39 PM EST Nov 26, 2012
Volunteers from the Make-A-Wish Foundation pick up 3-year-old Adrianna DiNinno and her mother to go on a shopping trip for clothes and toys.
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Too late for this year, but perhaps someone will remind us next year:
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National Punctuation Day
Miscellaneous Other Topics.
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National Punctuation Day
Life is like playing chess with chessmen who each have thoughts and feelings and motives of their own.
- Grand Panjandrum
- Posts: 5044
- Joined: Thu Sep 28, 2006 9:31 am
- Location: Finger Lakes, NY
Here is a very funny quote about commas.
The older I grow, the less important the comma becomes. Let the reader catch his own breath.
-Elizabeth Clarkson Zwart
The older I grow, the less important the comma becomes. Let the reader catch his own breath.
-Elizabeth Clarkson Zwart
"Time is nature's way of keeping everything from happening all at once. Lately it hasn't been working."
- Grand Panjandrum
- Posts: 2306
- Joined: Wed Mar 29, 2006 9:50 am
- Location: Asheville, NC
Does anyone know the rules of punctuation? Are there any rules? I juts throw in punctuation at random and seldom get called down on it.
It is dark at night, but the Sun will come up and then we can see.
- Philip Hudson
- Grand Panjandrum
- Posts: 1919
- Joined: Thu Feb 23, 2006 4:41 am
- Location: Texas
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