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Faculty Publications 1997
Bartels, Bill. "Have You Seen a 'Safe Zone' Sticker? (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. November 5, 1997. p.6.
Bermel, Guy. "IS There Actually Kosher Meat in Rhode Island? (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. September 30, 1997. p.4.
Carothers, Robert L. "Concerned Staff Holds Teach-In Today (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. December 3, 1997. p.4.
Carothers, Robert L. "Forum to Examine Commom [sic] Agenda (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. April 23, 1997. p.9.
Carothers, Robert L. "Make a Difference by Taking the Challenge (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. April 11, 1997. p.8.
Carothers, Robert L. and Jayne E. Richmond. "The Role of the President in Sexual Harassment Prevention." IN: Sexual Harassment on Campus: A Guide for Administrators, Faculty, and Students, Edited by Bernice R. Sandler and Robert J. Shoop. Allyn and Bacon. 1997. p.314-323.
rlc [Carothers, Robert L.] A West Wind (Poem). Christmas Card. 1997.
Horn, Fran. "Bring Back Prayer (Letter)." Providence Journal-Bulletin. July 25, 1997. p.B7.
Horn, Francis H. "Former URI President Talks Traffic (Letter)." Narragansett Times. June 6, 1997. p.19-A.
Horn, Fran. "'Friends' Indeed? (Letter)." Providence Journal-Bulletin. April 9, 1997. p.B7.
Horn, Fran. "Mideast Peace Needs an Even Hand." Providence Journal-Bulletin. March 5, 1997. p.B4.
Horn, Fran. "Not Great Vocational Training (Letter)." Providence Sunday Journal. May 18, 1997. p.D7.
Kermes, Kenneth N. "Thanking SCARC for Service (Letter)." Narragansett Times. June 18, 1997. p.17-A.
Kermes, Kenneth N. "Viewpoint: For-Profit Is Not the Answer." Narragansett Times. June 18, 1997. p.17-A.
MacLeod, Norman M. "Chaplains, Health Services Thank URI for Help With Food Basket Program (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. January 30, 1997. p.8.
MacLeod, Norman M. "Cults Focus of Discussion (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. February 4, 1997. p.9.
MacLeod, Norman M. "University Invited to Jewish Celebration (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. March 27, 1997. p.8.
Maddock, Carol. SEE: Soares, John P.
Soares, John P. "Graduating Students Recognized With a Blessing (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. April 24, 1997. p.8.
Soares, John P. and Carol Maddock. "Rewarding Experience Had by All (Letter)." Good Five Cent Cigar. March 18, 1997. p.7.
Sundlun, Bruce. "Amistad Shames Modern Leaders." Providence Journal-Bulletin. March 22, 1997. p.A11.
Sundlun, Bruce. "Big Projects Have Been a Big Help: Growing Rhode Island." Providence Journal-Bulletin. November 16, 1997. p.D14.
Sundlun, Bruce. "The Budget Items Are Honed to Politics." Providence Journal-Bulletin. May 8, 1997. p.B7.
Sundlun, Bruce. "Dodge a Parking Thunderhead at Green." Providence Journal-Bulletin. December 14, 1997. p.E14.
Sundlun, Bruce. "The Greatness That Football Brings." Providence Journal-Bulletin. September 14, 1997. p.D6.
Sundlun, Bruce. "Leonard Decof: A Jewel of a Lawyer." Providence Journal-Bulletin. October 1, 1997. p.B6.
Sundlun, Bruce. "Let's Have a Go at Gambling; Another Try in '98?" Providence Journal-Bulletin. July 13, 1997. p.B11.
Sundlun, Bruce. "That Pol Was a Pro at Job Creation (Letter)." Providence Journal-Bulletin. July 11, 1997. p.B7.
Return to Faculty Publications
1997 Table of Contents.
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YIELD: 24 cookies
Ingredients1 cup plus 2 tbsp all-purpose flour
1/2 tsp baking soda
1/2 tsp salt
1/2 cup of butter-use 1/4 tub of non-gmo buttery spread.(Earth Balance)
1/2 cup packed brown sugar
1/3 cup granulated sugar
1/2 tsp vanilla extract
1 egg or egg replacer
1 cup of Vegan semi-sweet choc. chip morsels
brand is called 365
PreparationPreheat oven to 350
combine flour, baking soda and salt in a small bowl
Beat non-gmo butter, brown sugar, granulated sugar and vannilla extract in a large bowl until creamy.
Then, beat in egg.
Next, gradually beat in flour mixture.Stir in morsels. Drop by rounded tbsp. onto ungreased baking sheets.
Bake for 9-11 minutes or until golden.

subset: commoncrawl


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Adventure Visuals
The Artwork of Mark Rehkopf
UPDATE June 2014
New ! Pop Art Raygun canvas print available now
JUST A QUICK NOTE .... this site will undergo some changes due to the increasing theft of my images. If anyone is interested in seeing certain works which are no longer on this site, please contact me directly. I will be updating ALL images with bold copyrights and watermarks to help prevent the theft.
If anyone is interested in seeing my artwork without copyrights and watermarks, you must contact me directly with a personal email.
To those who are stealing my artwork from this site, and using it without permission to earn a profit, PLEASE CEASE AND DESIST THIS ACTION IMMEDIATELY.
I apologize to any of my legitimate clients who have been affected by this theft. I am taking actions to prevent these thefts as best I can.
thank you
Mark Rehkopf
The University of Waterloo has commisioned me to create a large scale mural depicting an 'Ice Age' scene for their Earth Sciences Museum. The mural will be 'interactive' with ipad technology by MeldMedia company in Toronto. This is a very exciting project for me ... look for more updates soon !
Nick Johnston's Second Album !
Nick Johnstons' "In a Locked Room on the Moon" cd cover - Available now from www.nickjohnstonmusic.com
"Shepard's Landing" Recently completed landscape commission - acrylic on wood panel 30" x 40"
**METROPOLIS ROBOT PROJECT with KROPSERKEL** nearing completion, details coming soon.
Sculpture of Wes Studi " Last of the Mohicans"
Copyright AdventureVisuals. All rights reserved.


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Lubbock Estacado 63 Borger 24
Going into the season, Borger Head Coach Travis Nicks said he expected to see his young Borger Lady Bulldogs team to go through some growing pains to start the 2011-12 season.
On Tuesday evening, the coach's words proved to be true as the Lubbock Estacado Lady Matadors built a 34-8 lead by halftime on their way to beating Borger 63-24.
Freshman Tiffanie Prater led the Lady Bulldogs in scoring with nine points, followed by Vanessa Jones with six points.
Due to the Lady Bulldog volleyball team losing on Tuesday, the girl's basketball team will add junior Emma Wood and sophomore Nellie Embers to the roster when they host White Deer next Tuesday, November 15th at 5:00 p.m.
JV score: Estacado 52, Borger 25.
White Deer 50 West Texas High 39
On Tuesday evening, the West Texas High Lady Comanches started strong and had a 15-9 lead over White Deer after the first period.
However, White Deer came back in the second period to take a five point lead into halftime and never looked back, in their 50-39 win over the Lady Comanches.
Natalie Franklin led the Lady Comanches in scoring with 10 points, followed by Abby Summers with nine.
The Lady Comanches will next travel to Perryton next Tuesday, November 15th.
JV score: West Texas 46 White Deer 19
***The West Texas High vs Borger varsity and junior varsity girl's basketball games for this Friday have been cancelled due to both teams having football playoff games that evening.


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Java EE 6 at JavaOne
JavaOne 2008 is around the corner, so I thought I'd compile a list of sessions touching on Java EE 6 technologies.
Let's start with the platform itself.
As part of the Sun Technical General Session (Tuesday, 1:30pm) I'll be giving an overview on EE 6 and show some cool GlassFish V3 demos. Then you are all invited to the Java EE 6 Platform Community BOF (BOF-4984, Wednesday, 7:30pm) to talk about profiles and other features in the platform. Several expert group members will be there (12, at last count) and we are looking forward to a very interactive conversation with the audience.
Moving on to the main EE 6 components, here is a list of talks by the various spec leads:
- TS-5343 EJB 3.1 (Tuesday, 12:10pm)
- TS-5509 JPA 2.0 (Wednesday, 1:30pm)
- TS-5415 Servlet 3.0 (Thursday, 10:50am)
- TS-5425 JAX-RS 1.0 (Tuesday, 12:10pm and Friday, 2:50pm)
- TS-5979 JSF 2.0 (Thursday, 2:50pm)
- TS-5286 WebBeans 1.0 (Wednesday 10:50am)
(I just noticed the overlap between the EJB and JAX-RS talks. I wonder if it's too late to move one of them, or schedule a repeat session. I'll check with the conference organizers.) Update: The JAX-RS talk will be repeated on Friday at 2:50pm.
I would also recommend the session on JSR-303 (Bean Validation, TS-5616), which we are tracking closely for inclusion in the platform.
Finally, here are the community discussion BOFs:
- BOF-5624 Connector Architecture 1.6
If you like the demos I'll show during the keynote, you owe it to yourself to attend the GlassFish V3 session (TS-5921, Tuesday 4:40pm).
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- robc's blog
- 1991 reads


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Low occupancy is a big concern for most hotels. But did you know that even a small increase in a property's average occupancy rate can dramatically increase profits? Raising your average occupancy rates by as little as one percent can bring in a considerable amount of additional money.
How can you bump up your occupancy rates? A solid, strategic digital marketing plan can raise your occupancy rates so that you, too, can enjoy higher yields.
In The Low Occupancy Conundrum, we'll discuss the options you have when building your hotel's online presence— including who should run your website and which digital marketing strategies work best to grow your online business.


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The Canadian Police has announced that it has identified an individual that could be responsible for a Heartbleed data breach reported by the Canada Revenue Agency.
According to a statement, the issue had in fact been discovered last week, which prompted the Canadian authorities to shut down several sites in order to patch up the security hole, CBC reports.
During this time, the police was actually investigating the security breach that saw some 900 social insurance numbers being stolen.
"This deferral permitted us to advance our investigation over the weekend, identify possible offenders and has helped mitigate further risk," the police said.
Originally, only the site belonging to the Canadian Revenue Agency was taken down, but other government sites followed later in the week. On Friday, the CRA realized that a six-hour attack that exploited the Heartbleed vulnerability stole 900 social insurance numbers.
However, the National Democratic Party wants to know whether the government could have done more to avoid the security breach in the first place, especially since it spent days patching the Heartbleed bug, which shouldn't have taken so long.
The lengthy intervention and the fact that the sites weren't taken down earlier may have allowed the hackers to steal the information without leaving a trace.
"What's really disturbing is the lack of clarity on what CRA did when they found out about the Heartbleed bug," said Charlie Angus, member of the Parliament.
Their justified concern is why it took so long for the CRA to patch the bug, especially since Heartbleed was exposed on Monday, and on Friday, the agency's database was still not secure.
Heartbleed affects several versions of OpenSSL, which were used to secure about two thirds of the world's websites. Attacks made by exploiting Heartbleed do not leave any traces on the affected servers, which makes it impossible to know how many times hackers used it or if there were any prior attempts.
This, of course, raises the question about how exactly the authorities managed to track down one or more hackers.
While many believe that Heartbleed was placed in OpenSSL on purpose, the programmer responsible for the massive security problem says that it was a simple error, with no malicious purpose. He also explained that he'd been working on OpenSSL and checking it for bugs for a long time.
If the error had happened in another area, it wouldn't have been so dangerous, but due to its placement, it affected the security of billions of people.


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The regulatory response to the financial crisis will require banks to undergo a thorough retooling of risk management systems to provide a far more comprehensive range of scenario testing and forecasting capabilities. Vendors looking to provide solutions that meet this demand will find both efficiency and scalability to be important selling points.
Declines in the Baltic Dry Index and international air cargo volumes, along with forecasts of weak crude oil demand until 2012, have raised questions over various claims of a quicker-than-expected global economic recovery. Despite the recent rally in the stock market brought on by these claims, these new announcements indicate that a full recovery is still a long way off.
New pooled data confirm Vimpat's efficacy in the adjunctive treatment of uncontrolled partial-onset seizures in adults. The drug represents a new treatment option for patients with uncontrolled epilepsy, but its inferior efficacy to Keppra is expected to limit its uptake. Nevertheless, future indication expansions in migraine and fibromyalgia may expand Vimpat's commercial potential.
Goldman Sachs intends not just to hold on to its asset management business, but to actively grow it going forward. Its plans stand in contrast to the global trend of large universal banks exiting, dividing or reducing their asset management businesses. While the argument for retention is not without merit, there is unlikely to be any let-up in the trend away from asset managers any time soon.
An expected drop in revenues for Heineken has been more than canceled out through cost-cutting measures and a shrewd pricing strategy. While beer volumes have suffered during the recession, this can be seen as the continuation of a more established trend. Plant closures have helped Heineken to reduce costs, but future profits will need to be driven by alternative methods.
Firms in the transportation and logistics industry indulged in calibrated deal-making during Q3 2009, with strengthening balance sheets remaining a key objective. While the sector has been recovering slowly, it is expected that an improving global economy will soon lead to renewed confidence among its investors, which in turn will cause an upswing in majority acquisitions.
The incoming 15th Conference of the Parties (COP15) president and Danish minister for climate and energy, Connie Hedegaard, has be keen to emphasize that the upcoming UN climate change conference absolutely must deliver a politically binding framework that tackles global climate change. However, there is a real possibility that a substantive agreement will not be reached.
Shipping lines over the past year have experienced a sharp deterioration in revenues because of falling trade volumes, with Maersk expecting to suffer a net loss of $1 billion for 2009. Although the economy started to show signs of revival in the third quarter, the effect is yet to trickle down to the shipping lines and they continue to post subdued results.
Cadbury's announcement that it has agreed to be taken over by Kraft has been met with public outcry in the UK, as consumers mourn the loss of another British institution to a foreign company. Nevertheless, Kraft must be congratulated for its determination to purchase this lucrative business, with many analysts agreeing that it has got itself a bargain.
The air freight industry experienced its worst year since records began in 2009, with a 10.1% decline overall. There were encouraging signs of recovery in November and December 2009, especially in China, but the challenges for long-term profitability, such as loss of business to other forms of transport, are significant.
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text:
Tampa, Florida -- Since it was announced the Republican National Convention would be coming to town, officials said expect the event to draw about 50,000 people.
But now that number could be higher, much higher.
Hotel bookings are the reason officials believe more people could be coming than originally estimated.
"We're approaching 100,000 rooms for the convention. We thought we'd be in the 70 to 80,000 range. We're already above 90,000 and I think that number is going to go higher as we get closer to the convention," Tampa Bay Host Committee CEO Ken Jones said on Tuesday.
Jones says the numbers suggest one of three things: more people are coming, some are arriving earlier and others are staying longer.
The 100,000 number represents the total number of hotel room nights booked for the convention.
But the General Manager at The Westin Tampa Bay is quick to point out the added bookings benefit more than just the hotel operators.
"It's all the peripheral business that we'll realize from it, the extra food and beverage which will yes, put a lot of additional gratuities in the pockets of our associates and we're happy for them," Ron Alichandro told 10 News.
So how many people could be in town when the convention gets underway on August 27?
"It could push as high as 55 or 60,000," Jones said.


text:
Update May 2013: I've learned that Lime Ricki suits are no longer made in the USA like quoted in my original post.
Our suits were indeed made here in America at the beginning. As the company grew our US manufacturer was not able to produce the numbers we needed so we did have to outsource. Our 2012 lines were made in China and this year is in Mexico and our future lines will be made there as well at this point.
It's that time of the year again – swimsuit season! While I love lounging by the pool, tubing down the river and making a splash at the beach, I loathe picking out swimsuits. Why? Because it is either the tiny weeny bikini (days that are long gone!) or what I like to call the "mom-kini". You know, the ones that look ridiculous, plain-jane and are not flattering at all! So, where is a women to turn when looking for a swimsuit that is fun, full of style and modest? Lime Ricki Swimwear, of course!
Lime Ricki Swimwear is all about exposing your style, while keeping you comfortably covered. Their fun, fresh tankini tops, rash guards, coordinating bottoms and one-pieces are designed to keep you looking your best without you having to worry about anything hanging out. (Hello, moms out there, you know what I mean!)
All of the swimsuits from Lime Ricki Swimwear are made in the USA with high quality SPF 50 fabric and are designed to be both comfortable and fun. Worried about the fit? Don't be! All new Lime Ricki swimsuits have adjustable straps to ensure the best fit and they've also re-designed their shelf-bras in all new styles for improved bust support.
I could so see myself at the river this summer sporting the Victoria one-piece or the Savannah Tankini Top and Gray Ruffle Wrap Skirt! I love how much these suits cover while still being full of style!
Coupon Code: My readers can take 10% off their purchase at Lime Ricki Swimwear by entering the code swim2011 at the checkout. (Code expires June 7th, 2011)
To Enter: Visit Lime Ricki Swimwear and leave a comment stating the suit you would choose if you were the lucky winner. Please leave your email address in the comment or make sure it is visible in your profile.
Extra Entries:
1. Grab my button. Leave an address where it can be found.
2. Subscribe to my feed. Must be verified to count.
3. Follow me on Google Friend Connect.
4. Enter any of my other current giveaways. Leave a separate comment on which one(s).
5. Follow me on Twitter and Tweet about this giveaway using the text below. You can tweet once daily for an extra entry each day.
Win a One-Piece or Tankini Swimsuit from @swimLimeRicki during the #funinthesunevent @PieceOfMeBlog http://bit.ly/lvKsgd
6. Follow Lime Ricki Swimwear on Twitter
7. Add the "Fun in the Sun" button to your sidebar. Leave an address where it can be found.
8. 1 Extra Entry if you placed the "Fun in the Sun!" button on your sidebar before the start of the event and left a comment on the event announcement post
9. 2 Extra Entries if you "Like" Lime Ricki Swimwear on Facebook
10. 5 Extra Entries if you blog about this giveaway. Please leave an address where it can be found.
Giveaway will end on June 7th at 11:59pm ET. The winner will be chosen by random.org and announced here as well as emailed. The winner will have 48 hours to contact me or a new winner will be chosen. Giveaway open to US and Canada!
A big thank you to Lime Ricki Swimwear for this giveaway opportunity!
This post is based strictly my opinion. Others may have a different opinion or experience with the product listed above. No type compensation was received for this giveaway post.


text: No recent wiki edits to this page. Arjun Kadam's quest for justice has turned into an obsession. It has taken him into the glamorous heart of Mumbai -- deep into the flashy world of Bollywood. But, his luck is about to run out. A nemesis from his bloody past as an Encounter Cops confronts him, and imparts a violent lesson about crime and punishment in Mumbai.


text:
User Tip: If you're unsure of your vehicle type, you may skip the machine type selection box.
Select type, make, model and year above
"Customer service is priority #1 at Rocky Mountain ATV/MC. We value our customers and strive to be the best shopping experience- when you buy from us, you are buying lifetime service."
-Dan Thomas, CEO and Founder
We take pride in offering no hassle returns. In the event of a return, please call, email or chat with us to receive a solution to the problem. For apparel that doesn't fit quite right, Click here to see our Fit Guaranteed Program.
We will stand behind all products we sell with regards to manufacturing defects in workmanship and material. Most products are limited to the manufacturer's warranty. However, we will do everything in our power to take care of the problem.
Each review submitted enters you into a $100 gift card monthly drawing, and a $500 gift card quarterly drawing!
Comments On Apr 22, 2015:Eagle Mike flies home another indispensable doodad
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Comments On Nov 13, 2013:Great nut that keeps you from having to mess with the fold over lock washer thats always a pain. I have put these on all KLRs I have owned and will continue to do so.
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Comments On Jul 19, 2013:No more stock nut hassles. This thing has simplified a cs sprocket change.
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Comments On May 15, 2013:This nut makes changing my front sprocket very easy. The OEM tab washer was a pain to flatten and then fold back up and eventually it will wear out and need replacement. This design is much better. Some KLR owners like to swap their front sprockets to a higher or lower tooth one, this will wear out the tab washer quickly. I highly recommend this even if you are not planning on changing your front sprocket to a different size.
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Comments On Dec 08, 2012:Aside from having to buy a larger socket to fit it. This has worked perfectly. I have not had to remove it to change the sprocket again, so we'll see how it holds up. But I would buy it again.
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Comments On Jan 08, 2012:another genius product from Eagle Mike. No need for the bent tab washer (other than as a spacer)
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Comments On Mar 10, 2011:Installed when I went to a 16T sprocket. Better design than the factory nut.
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text:
The Caribbean Hotel & Tourism Association (CHTA) has named hospitality industry leader Jeff Vasser to the position of Director General/CEO of the organization. He assumes his new post on November 18.
Vasser joins the CHTA after serving since 2002 as the President of the Atlantic City Convention & Visitors Authority (ACCVA). While there he oversaw the day-to-day operation of the authority's management/administration, convention sales, marketing, media relations, and tourism divisions, as well as its approximately 60 employees, the 14,000-seat Boardwalk Hall and the 500,000-square-foot Atlantic City Convention Center.
In his new position, Vasser will be responsible for helping to manage and grow CHTA's role as the voice of the Caribbean hospitality industry for the development of the region in the highly competitive environment of international tourism. He replaces Alec Sanguinetti who retired at the end of January after 19 years with the organization, nine of which were as Director General/CEO.
During his tenure in Atlantic City, Vasser helped oversee consistent conventions sales production growth and implement several initiatives that impacted the development of the city as a tourism destination.
Prior to joining the ACCVA, Vasser held positions with major hospitality companies, including Choice Hotels International, Laventhol & Horwath and Four Seasons Hotels. Vasser also served as Chief Financial Officer for Cipriani International, SA, in New York City and was a Senior Consultant for the Public Sector/Gaming and Entertainment Group for Deloitte & Touche Consulting Group.
Vasser is a graduate of Cornell University's School of Hotel Administration where he received a Bachelor of Science degree.


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COLUMBUS, OHIO — The Public Utilities Commission of Ohio (PUCO) today urged the state's residents to be mindful of their use of electricity and natural gas during extreme cold weather expected this week.
An ongoing cold snap has significantly increased the demand for electricity and natural gas. Energy demand in Ohio is expected to peak on Tuesday and Wednesday, when overnight temperatures across most of the state are expected to drop below zero.
Related: Staying warm during cold weather
Anticipating what could be extremely low temperatures and high energy demand, the PUCO is calling on consumers to be aware of energy usage and its impact on natural gas and electric bills.
"Using energy efficiently will help ensure that adequate supplies of electricity and natural gas are available to all consumers when they will need power and heat most," said PUCO Chairman Todd A. Snitchler. "Maximizing energy efficiency this week will also help consumers reduce their utility bills during what may well be one of the highest energy consumption periods of the year."
Consumers can reduce their energy use and help save money on their utility bills by following some simple tips:
The PUCO has worked with utilities in Ohio to develop payment plan billing and other forms of energy assistance to help mitigate the volatility and impacts associated with high energy bills. For more information, and to determine if you qualify for forms of energy assistance, please contact your utility provider directly.
Related: Tips for driving on winter roads
Despite the increased demand for energy, Ohio utilities are well prepared to respond to the extreme cold weather. The companies have completed inspections and assessments of key substations, points of delivery and other utility equipment. Utility crews are standing by to quickly restore service should the weather cause any outages.
More information on energy efficiency and being prepared for a possible outage is available on the PUCO website here.
Consumers should contact their local utility if they experience an outage or other emergency:


text:
Artificial mixing of spermatozoa from honeybees and evidence for sperm competition
John R. Harbo
In each of 6 experiments, about 300 III of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) semen was diluted, mixed, and used to inseminate about 20 queens. The mixture for each experiment contained a portion of genetically marked sperm. Since the queens were also genetically marked, one could estimate the ratio of marked and unmarked sperm in each queen by counting her marked and unmarked progeny. The objective was 10 determine if each queen received equal proportions of marked sperm. In two experiments having semen mixtures with about 50% marked sperm, the 95% confidence interval for percent marked progeny was ±9·7% among the 22 queens in group I (semen was diluted 1:1 and stirred for 3--S min) and ±9·0% among the 16 queens in group 6 (semen diluted I:40 and centrifuged). The confidence intervals were similar and both were significantly greater than ±4·S% (expected 9S% confidence interval when sampling a perfect mix with 500 workers from each queen) (P<O.O1). In experiments having a very low frequency of marked spermatozoa in the mixture (1%, 2%, and 4%), at least one marked worker was found among the 500 progeny from each queen (n = 68 queens), even when insemination doses were <0· 2% of the total semen mixture. Nonrandom changes in progeny frequencies were related to insemination volume, time, and sperm handling procedures. Since nonmixing would cause random changes in progeny frequencies, much of the variability may have been caused by sperm competition rather than nonmixing.
sperm competition, Artificial mixing of spermatozoa, honeybees


text:
The Lamberts Point Golf Course
- 4301Powhattan Ave, Norfolk, VA 23510
- (757) 489-1677
|9 total holes at facility
|Green fees - $29 to $31 (estimate)
|Designed by Lester George
|Built in 2005
|Driving Range: Yes
|Municipal golf course
The Lamberts Point Golf Course is a 9-hole regulation length golf course in Norfolk, Virginia. This short layout provides for a fun golf experience for golfers of all skill levels. Difficulty level of the course is unknown at this time, but will be provided soon. Online tee times may be available at The Lamberts Point Golf Course or at nearby golf courses, often at a substantial discount from the going green fees rate.
|Course Rating
|Back Tees
|Golf Pro: Mike Fentress
|Manager: Mike Fentress
Note: In some cases there will be mistakes, even though the data on our site is most often accurate. Should you notice anything that should be updated, please inform us immediately.
Please login to add your review.


text: Why is the service fee 2.75%? How was that percentage established?2.75% is the amount established by our third party credit card/debit card processor, Nelnet Business Solutions, to cover the credit card/debit card transaction fees assessed by credit card companies.1 Is there any way I can avoid paying the service fee?You can avoid paying the 2.75% service fee by paying online with an e-check (an electronic debit from your checking or savings account). You can pay in person (at the Student Service Center, in North Classroom, Room 1000) with cash, check, or money order. You can also mail a check to: University of Colorado Denver Bursar's Office 13120 East 19th Ave Mailstop A098 Aurora, CO 80045 Please always include the student name and ID number on the check.7 Can I pay in person with a credit card/debit card?Credit card/debit card payments can be made in person at the Bursar's Office on the 5th floor of AB1. The service fee of 2.75% will apply to these payments.3 If I make a credit card payment in error, will my service fee be refunded?No. The service fee is not refundable, even if the payment to which it relates is cancelled, refunded, credited, or charged back.4 Will the service fee that I am charged be included on my student account and statement?No. The service fee is a fee assessed by a third party company, Nelnet Busincess Solutions, in addition to the payment for student accounts. The service fee will not appear on your student account or on your CU Denver statement. You will receive notification that the online payment was processed successfully, and it will show the amount of payment, the amount of service fee and the total payment amount.5 How will my student account payment and service fee payment appear on my credit card statement?Two separate transactions will appear on your credit card statement. One transaction for the student account payment and one transaction for the service fee.6


text:
(B'laan Version)
(Region 12)
One morning, a monkey and a turtle who were close friends talked about their situation. After a while, the monkey said, Let's go to the forest and make a trap for wild pigs." The turtle agreed. When they came upon a dakit tree, they saw the tracks of wild pigs. "Let's make a trap here." said the turtle, pointing to a base of the tree.
"No, let's make one trap up the tree because pigs go there and gather fruit," said the monkey.
"No, let's stay down here because the tracks are here."
"All right, you make your trap here while I make one up the tree."
So the monkey and the turtle went their separate ways. After setting their traps, the monkey said, "Let's return after two days. Wild pig should be here by then."
But the day after the traps were laid, the monkey went back to the dakit tree by himself. The turtle's trap had a pig, his has a bird. The turtle was right. To save face, the monkey brought the pig from the turtle's trap to his own and replaced it with the bird caught in his.
On his way home, he met the turtle.
"Where have you been?" asked the turtle.
"I went to the river to take a bath," was the reply.
As agreed, on the day after the traps were laid, the monkey and the turtle went to the dakit tree.
"Let's hurry so we can get there early. Last night, I had a good dream. Our traps must surely have something in them," the monkey said.
The turtle was surprised to find a pig up the tree and a bird in his trap which was set on the ground. He knew the monkey tricked him and told the monkey so. The monkey insisted that he had nothing to do with the result of their catch. Without saying another word, the monkey and the turtle went home with the pig and the bird respectively.
When they came near the monkey's house, they decided to fight it out.
"Wait," the monkey said. "I'll build myself a fort." He proceeded to make a fort out of banana leaves. He believed them...


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Go4SC2 February Finals
It is time again to decide a new Go4SC2 champion! The Go4SC2 February 2012 finals will be played on Monday, sixteen players fighting for the 500 Euros jackpot.
Twelve Go4SC2 cups took place in February, the results deciding sixteen top players to be invited to play for the 500 Euros prize money. Eight players determined by the monthly ranking, a further eight qualifying through Premium Qualifiers.
Follow usSupport the ESL StarCraft II section and make sure not to miss out on news of more announcements by following us on Facebook and Twitter.
If you have any feedback - bad or good - about anything we are doing in StarCraft II then please go ahead and post in the feedback topic in the forum.
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Would you like to help to run the Cups and Ladders at the ESL SC2 section? You know exactly what the SC2 community needs and you would love to be a dedicated admin? Then Apply now!Good luck and have fun,
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TheRogue, Monday, 19/03/12 10:58
17.03.2012 15:59 #1
8 medals
hG should be fr not tr :)
19.03.2012 10:58 #2
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nB.Sleeep wrote:;)
hG should be fr not tr :)
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nB.Sleeep wrote:;)hG should be fr not tr :)
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Clinical Coverage Policies and Provider Manuals
Proposed Medicaid Clinical Coverage Policies
The North Carolina General Assembly House Bill 2436 Section 10.15 (x) requires the Department of Health and Human Services to return service authorizations, utilization reviews, and utilization management functions to the Local Management Entities (LMEs) for all clients.
The free Adobe Acrobat Reader is required to view and print these PDF files.
The target date for the transition of utilization management functions to the Local Management Entities has been extended. The new target date is September 20, 2010.
Additional information is available in the Medicaid Bulletin.


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|Central Library
PO Box 850
4111 Lakeshore Dr.
Newburgh, IN 47629
(812) 853-5468
Fax: (812) 853-6377
|Chandler Library
402 S. Jaycee St.
Chandler, IN 47610
(812) 925-7179
Fax: (812) 925-7192
|Newburgh Library
30 W. Water St.
Newburgh, IN 47630
(812) 858-1437
Fax: (812) 853-5622
|Internet Use Policy
Internet Use at the Ohio Township Public Library System
Access to electronic information is now fundamental to satisfying the information needs of citizens of all ages. Access to the Internet enables researchers to explore thousands of libraries, databases, and other resources around the world.
The purpose of Internet access provided by the Ohio Township Public Library is to facilitate communications in support of research and education, both formal education and informal inquiry. That access is a privilege that requires responsibility by the user, as outlined in the following policy which shall be available for public viewing at all service desks and on the Library's website. Misuse of the computers or the Library's Internet Service or violations of the Library's Internet Safety Policy will result in the loss of the user's Library Internet privileges, and the possibility of criminal charges. The Library reserves the right to modify this policy at any time.
Internet Use Disclaimer
Notwithstanding the Internet Safety Policy attached hereto, the Ohio Township Public Library has no control over information accessed through the Internet and cannot be responsible for any content other than that which the Library itself creates. Library patrons use the Internet at their own risk. Children's access to the Internet is the sole responsibility of the child's parent or guardian. The Library assumes no responsibility for any direct or indirect incidental or consequential damages, loss of data, loss of profits, or loss of privacy, sustained or incurred in connection with the use, operations, or inability to use the computer system or from its connection to other Internet services.
Policies and Procedures
Users must abide by the following rules when accessing the Library's Internet Connection:
A supervisor, administrator or other authorized person may disable the filter to allow Internet access for lawful purposes for persons over the age of 17. The filters may not be disabled for persons under the age of 17 for any reason.
The Library also complies with the Neighborhood Children's Internet Protection Act through its Rules for Safe Internet Use By Minors cited below.
3. Do not use the Library Internet Connection:
(v) wasting Library resources (for example, computer supplies and paper, computer access time, or computer memory. Larger print jobs should be downloaded to a memory storage device.
Rules for Safe Internet Use by Minors *
* Taken from Child Safety on the Information Highway By Lawrence J. Magid
Misuse of the computers or the Internet Connection will result in the loss of the user's Library Internet privileges for six months following the first offense, for one year following a second offense, and permanently following a third offense.
(Approved by the Board of Trustees 11/12/2012)


text: D.A. Clarke-Smith | IBDB: The official source for Broadway Information IBDB: The official source for Broadway Information Official Broadway League sites: - sites - broadway.org broadwayleague.com broadwayfanclub.com kidsnightonbroadway.com stagespecs.org tonyawards.com Quick Search For: In This Category: All Show People/Org. Theatre Season D.A. Clarke-Smith Director, Performer ( b. circa 1888 Montrose, SCOTLAND - d. Mar 12, 1959 Withyham, ENGLAND ) Male Also known as: Douglas A. Clarke-Smith [Birthname] Productions ProductionsDate of ProductionsEdward, My Son[Play, Original] Performer: D.A. Clarke-Smith [Hanray]Sep 30, 1948 - May 14, 1949Insult[Play, Drama, Original] Directed by D.A. Clarke-Smith Performer: D.A. Clarke-Smith [Major De Weert]Sep 15, 1930 - Oct 1930 Find out where D.A. Clarke-Smith and are credited together © 2001-2015, The Broadway League, All Rights Reserved. (Copyright and Disclaimer)


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How many times have you wanted to stretch your back after a long day, but you didn't know how? If you suffer from low back pain caused sciatica, bulged discs, herniated discs or stiff muscles, take action right now and fight back with the P3 Back Stretcher, your own personal, portable decompression machine.
Results in Minutes
The P3 Back Stretcher springs into action within seconds and can offer near instant relief from backache and tight muscles by helping you to create the perfect amount of self-controlled traction.
Easy to Use
Simply slip your ankles between the contoured foot supports, lie back and relax.
Press firmly on the leverage handles to push your legs away from your shoulders for a great stretch.
Relax and Decompress
The moderate, self-administered traction achieved when using the P3 Back Stretcher helps to realign the spine, increase flexibility in the joints, promote relaxation and improve posture through better alignment. Decompressing the discs helps them to rehydrate for better shock absorption and reduced back pain.
The Inversion Alternative
If you're considering a cheap, low-quality inversion table (non-Teeter Hang Ups brand), look to the P3 Back Stretcher instead. The P3 offers similar decompression benefits but is a safer, higher quality, budget-friendly option.


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Ron Stewart, Champion of Print Impaired Students, Joins Dolphin
22nd Apr, 2006
Newark, New JerseyMarch 2006 - Dolphin is pleased to announce the appointment of Ron Stewart as VP of Operations. Ron will oversee US operations for Dolphin and will be based in New Jersey.
For many years Ron Stewart has been an internationally recognized expert on policy development and institutional change concerning technology, disabilities and adult education. Ron was the developer and director of Oregon State University's Technology Access Program, a program focusing on inclusive access to educational technology for adult learners with disabilities, which is now considered to be a national model. Ron was also the founding Director of the Northwest Center for Technology Access at OSU a regional resource center focused on the interactions between technology, adult education, and disability. During the years Ron worked in K-12, and institutional education his primary focus was in the area of high school completion and college preparation for students with behavioral and emotional disabilities, eventually taking on the role of Head Teacher for a self contained school for young adults. Moving on to pursue a PhD in cognitive theory at Oregon State University, he has continued to be involved in K-12 education as a consultant, program evaluator and school board member. Ron will continue as the Technology Advisor to AHEAD, (Association on Higher Education and Disability) and President of ATHEN (Access Technologist Higher Education Network). In this capacity Ron is leading several initiatives focused on technology and adult education.
"Ron's main role when he joins Dolphin will be to develop the Dolphin DAISY transcription tools into the de-facto standard for transcription software in the education sector. This is a time of seminal change for Dolphin and we wanted an empathic communicator to define the future and help DSS offices and SPED offices meet their regulatory responsibilities" said Noel Duffy Group MD.
Steve Palmer, Group CEO added "We are delighted to have Ron join the Dolphin team, he is one of that rare breed who not only has an innate understanding of assistive technology but also has an in depth knowledge of higher education and K12, having served successfully in both sectors. Dolphin continues to build an empathic team of people who share its core values of openness and commitment to the Industry".


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Kelsey Grammer And Kayte Walsh: Lunch With The Hiltons! (Photos)Joanna Mazewski
As they say, the couple that lunch together, stay together! New parents Kelsey Grammer and Kayte Walsh were spotted enjoying an afternoon lunch with Paris Hilton's parents, Rick and Kathy Hilton at the Ivy in Beverly Hills, Calif. on Monday afternoon.
The celebrity couple even brought there baby daughter Faith for the little get together, too. Both Kelsey and Kayte seem like the parents who enjoy bringing their baby everywhere they go, don't they? Talk about great, hands-on people!
Check out all of our fun photos in our gallery below and let us know what you think!
Kelsey Grammer 1 of 5Kelsey Grammer, wife Kayte Walsh and baby daughter Faith are seen leaving the Ivy in Beverly Hills after having a late lunch with Rick and Kathy Hilton.
Happy Parents 2 of 5As they say, the couple that lunch together, stay together!
Time-Off 3 of 5It's good to see that these two are enjoying a little time off from their parental duties.
Mom Style 4 of 5And I have to say, the dress Kayte has on is adorable! I love the color.
Tell Us Your Thoughts 5 of 5What do you think of Kayte's mom style?
Photos via PacificCoastNews.com
Article Posted 3 years Ago


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Residency of students is determined at the time of enrollment. Determination of residency is made in accordance with Kansas Statutes 71-406. A copy of these statutes is available from the Registrar or the College library.
A student must be a resident of Kansas for six (6) consecutive months prior to enrollment in order to qualify for in-state tuition. In order to prove their residency, students will need to fill out the Affidavit of Residency form and provide three (3) of the following items.
All first time degree-seeking students who score 73 or above on the COMPASS reading exam will take HUDV0100, First Year Experience.
All degree-seeking students who score below 73 on the COMPASS reading exam will take HUDV0101: Strategies for Academic Excellence/Lifelong Learning.
If a student does not meet one of the exemptions listed above and wishes to appeal the requirement of completing the course, the student will need to obtain the approval of the chief academic officer.
All students working towards an Associate in Arts, an Associate in Science, and an Associate in General Studies are required to complete Composition I and II, Public Speaking, and First Year Experience or Strategies for Academic Excellence/Lifelong Learning. Students working toward an Associate in Applied Science may substitute Technical Writing as specified in certain degree requirements. Proper prerequisites must be observed unless they are waived by the Vice President for Academic Affairs.
Recommendation: All degree seeking students should complete this course within the first 15 credit hours of college enrollment.


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Network of electric car chargers stalled in Calif.
Angie Vorhies leaves her Nissan Leaf electric vehicle charging station as she heads for shopping at a mall Wednesday, Nov. 13, 2013, in San Diego. (AP Photo/Lenny Ignelzi)
LOS ANGELES (AP) — A New Jersey energy company required by an unusual legal settlement to build an extensive network of electric car chargers throughout California has delivered just 10 percent of what it promised in the first year.
By fortifying the state's still-spotty charging infrastructure, the settlement between NRG Energy Inc. and California energy regulators was sold as key to jump-starting enthusiasm for the non-polluting vehicles. More places to "refuel" would diminish worries of getting stranded with a dead battery, and widespread adoption of the cars would help the state meet ambitious air quality goals.
Instead of Californians plugging in, however, progress has been plugged up: Just 110 of the 1,040 stations that NRG committed to installing by early December are ready.
The subsidiary responsible for building the stations, NRG eVgo, blames a series of unanticipated problems, including a reluctance among owners of malls, offices and apartment buildings to provide space for the chargers — even when the company subsidizes their cost.
The count of new stations so far, released to The Associated Press, is likely to renew concern over the settlement and whether NRG eVgo will be able to comply over its four year term. NRG eVgo said it expects a burst of activity in 2014 will Login to read more
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Chapter 9. Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment
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BY Ashley Yeager A protein made by gut bacteria may trigger a chain of interactions in the body that contribute to eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. When the protein is produced, the body makes antibodies to bind to it, but the antibodies also attach to a hormone that controls fullness. In tests, mice given bacteria that produce the protein changed how much they ate compared with mice given bacteria that did not make the protein, a new study shows. Researchers also found that the antibodies to the protein were higher in patients with anorexia and bulimia. The results, which appear October 7 in Translational Psychiatry, seem to be some of the earliest to link gut bacteria to eating disorders. © Society for Science & the Public 2000 - 2014.
Keyword: Anorexia & Bulimia
Link ID: 20188 - Posted: 10.11.2014
|By Bret Stetka Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an electrical disorder, or rather one of impaired myelin, a fatty, insulating substance that better allows electric current to bolt down our neurons and release the neurotransmitters that help run our bodies and brains. Researchers have speculated for some time that the myelin degradation seen in MS is due, at least in part, to autoimmune activity against the nervous system. Recent work presented at the MS Boston 2014 Meeting suggests that this aberrant immune response begins in the gut. Eighty percent of the human immune system resides in the gastrointestinal tract. Alongside it are the trillions of symbiotic bacteria, fungi and other single-celled organisms that make up our guts' microbiomes. Normally everyone wins: The microorganisms benefit from a home and a steady food supply; we enjoy the essential assistance they provide in various metabolic and digestive functions. Our microbiomes also help calibrate our immune systems, so our bodies recognize which co-inhabitants should be there and which should not. Yet mounting evidence suggests that when our resident biota are out of balance, they contribute to numerous diseases, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, autism and, it appears, MS by inciting rogue immune activity that can spread throughout the body and brain. One study presented at the conference, out of Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), reported a single-celled organism called methanobrevibacteriaceae that activates the immune system is enriched in the gastrointestinal tracts of MS patients whereas bacteria that suppress immune activity are depleted. Other work, which resulted from a collaboration among 10 academic researcher centers across the U.S. and Canada, reported significantly altered gut flora in pediatric MS patients while a group of Japanese researchers found that yeast consumption reduced the chances of mice developing an MS-like disease by altering gut flora. © 2014 Scientific American
Keyword: Multiple Sclerosis
Link ID: 20186 - Posted: 10.09.2014
by Laura Starecheski From the self-affirmations of Stuart Smalley on Saturday Night Live to countless videos on YouTube, saying nice things to your reflection in the mirror is a self-help trope that's been around for decades, and seems most often aimed at women. The practice, we're told, can help us like ourselves and our bodies more, and even make us more successful — allow us to chase our dreams! Impressed, but skeptical, I took this self-talk idea to one of the country's leading researchers on body image to see if it's actually part of clinical practice. David Sarwer is a psychologist and clinical director at the Center for Weight and Eating Disorders at the University of Pennsylvania. He says that, in fact, a mirror is one of the first tools he uses with some new patients. He stands them in front of a mirror and coaches them to use gentler, more neutral language as they evaluate their bodies. "Instead of saying, 'My abdomen is disgusting and grotesque,' " Sarwer explains, he'll prompt a patient to say, " 'My abdomen is round, my abdomen is big; it's bigger than I'd like it to be.' " The goal, he says, is to remove "negative and pejorative terms" from the patient's self-talk. The underlying notion is that it's not enough for a patient to lose physical weight — or gain it, as some women need to — if she doesn't also change the way her body looks in her mind's eye. This may sound weird. You're either a size 4 or a size 8, right? Not mentally, apparently. In a 2013 study from the Netherlands, scientists watched women with anorexia walk through doorways in a lab. The women, they noticed, turned their shoulders and squeezed sideways, even when they had plenty of room. © 2014 NPR
Keyword: Attention; Anorexia & Bulimia
Link ID: 20178 - Posted: 10.08.2014
BY Bethany Brookshire In this sweet, sweet world we live in, losing weight can be a dull and flavorless experience. Lovely stove-popped popcorn drenched in butter gives way to dry microwaved half-burnt kernels covered in dusty yellow powder. The cookies and candy that help us get through the long afternoons are replaced with virtuous but boring apples and nuts. Even the sugar that livens up our coffee gets a skeptical eye: That's an extra 23 calories per packet you shouldn't be eating. What makes life sweet for those of us who are counting calories is artificial sweeteners. Diet soda gives a sweet carbonated fix. A packet of artificial sweetener in your coffee or tea makes it a delicious morning dose. But a new study, published September 17 in Nature, found that the artificial sweetener saccharin has an unintended side effect: It alters the bacterial composition of the gut in mice and humans. The new bacterial neighborhood brings with it higher blood glucose levels, putting the humans and the murine counterparts at risk for diabetes. Many people wondered if the study's effects were real. We all knew that sugar was bad, but now the scientists are coming for our Splenda! It seems more than a little unfair. But this study was a long time coming. The scientific community has been studying artificial sweeteners and their potential hazards for a long time. And while the new study adds to the literature, there are other studies, currently ongoing and planned for the future, that will determine the extent and necessity of our artificially sweetened future. © Society for Science & the Public 2000 - 2014.
Keyword: Obesity; Chemical Senses (Smell & Taste)
Link ID: 20153 - Posted: 10.02.2014
|By Melinda Wenner Moyer Autism is primarily a disorder of the brain, but research suggests that as many as nine out of 10 individuals with the condition also suffer from gastrointestinal problems such as inflammatory bowel disease and "leaky gut." The latter condition occurs when the intestines become excessively permeable and leak their contents into the bloodstream. Scientists have long wondered whether the composition of bacteria in the intestines, known as the gut microbiome, might be abnormal in people with autism and drive some of these symptoms. Now a spate of new studies supports this notion and suggests that restoring proper microbial balance could alleviate some of the disorder's behavioral symptoms. At the annual meeting of the American Society for Microbiology held in May in Boston, researchers at Arizona State University reported the results of an experiment in which they measured the levels of various microbial by-products in the feces of children with autism and compared them with those found in healthy children. The levels of 50 of these substances, they found, significantly differed between the two groups. And in a 2013 study published in PLOS ONE, Italian researchers reported that, compared with healthy kids, those with autism had altered levels of several intestinal bacterial species, including fewer Bifidobacterium, a group known to promote good intestinal health. One open question is whether these microbial differences drive the development of the condition or are instead a consequence of it. A study published in December 2013 in Cell supports the former idea. When researchers at the California Institute of Technology incited autismlike symptoms in mice using an established paradigm that involved infecting their mothers with a viruslike molecule during pregnancy, they found that after birth, the mice had altered gut bacteria compared with healthy mice. © 2014 Scientific American,
Keyword: Autism
Link ID: 20104 - Posted: 09.23.2014
By Nicholas Bakalar Average waist circumference — but not body mass index— increased significantly in the United States between 1999 and 2012, a new study reports. Abdominal obesity — a "beer belly" or "beer gut" — is caused by fat around the internal organs. It is one of the indicators of metabolic syndrome, a group of five conditions that raises the risk for heart disease and diabetes. After adjusting for age, the overall mean waist circumference increased to 38.7 inches in 2012 from 37.5 in 1999. The increases were significant for men, women, non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican-Americans. They were greatest among non-Hispanic whites in their 40s, and non-Hispanic black men in their 30s. "I would encourage people to keep track of their waists," said the lead author of the study, Dr. Earl S. Ford, a medical officer with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Standing on the scale every day is all good and well, but you can have a steady weight and still have an expanding waist. And that should be a signal for people to start looking at their diet and physical activity." In 2012, 54.2 percent of Americans had abdominal obesity (defined as an age-adjusted waist circumference of more than 40 inches for men and more than 34.6 for women) compared with 46.4 percent in 1999. The study was published in JAMA. © 2014 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 20103 - Posted: 09.23.2014
by Rachel Ehrenberg Eating artificial sweeteners may spur the very health problems that dieters try to avoid. A new multipronged study of mice and a small number of people finds that saccharin meddles with the gut's microbial community, setting in motion metabolic changes that are associated with obesity and diabetes. Other zero-calorie sweeteners may cause the same problems, researchers say September 17 in Nature. Though the finding is preliminary, four of seven human volunteers eating a diet high in saccharin developed impaired glucose metabolism, a warning sign for type 2 diabetes. "This is very interesting and scary if it really does hold for humans," says Robert Margolskee of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, who was not involved with the work. "There could be unintended consequences of these artificial sweeteners." Until recently, most sugar substitutes were thought to pass through the gut undigested, exerting little to no effect on intestinal cells. As ingredients in diet soda, sugar-free desserts and a panoply of other foods, the sweeteners are touted as a way for people with diabetes and weight problems to enjoy a varied diet. But the new study, led by computational biologist Eran Segal and immunologist Eran Elinav of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, suggests that rather than helping people, the sweeteners may promote problems. © Society for Science & the Public 2000 - 2014.
Keyword: Obesity; Chemical Senses (Smell & Taste)
Link ID: 20093 - Posted: 09.18.2014
by Bethany Brookshire Most of us wish we ate better. I know I certainly do. But when hunger strikes, and you're standing in line at the grab-and-go food joint, that salad seems really lackluster sitting next to that tasty-looking cookie. I can't help but think that my diet — and my waistline — would look a lot better if I just craved lettuce a little more. Now a new study shows that although we may never cease to love cookies, we might be able to make that carrot a little more appealing. In overweight people, a behavioral intervention was associated with changes in how their brains responded to high- and low-calorie foods. The small pilot study is intriguing, but with just 13 participants, a larger study is needed before scientists will know if training the brain can make us abstain. "Everyone responds more strongly to high-calorie foods than low-calorie foods. It's just normal," says study coauthor Susan Roberts, a behavioral nutrition scientist from Tufts University in Medford, Mass. While most people prefer brownies over beets, people who are overweight or obese have a harder time avoiding high-calorie foods, she says. "When someone becomes overweight, there's a dampening effect on a number of brain structures, including the reward system," she says. "It's harder to enjoy food generally, and so when someone becomes overweight, they really want to eat those high-calorie foods, because those are the foods that activate reward systems to the biggest extent." Craving is a particular issue. Craving is distinct from hunger and focuses on a particular food, often foods that are high calorie. Other studies show that people who are obese have more cravings than those who are not. © Society for Science & the Public 2000 - 2014
Keyword: Obesity; Attention
Link ID: 20086 - Posted: 09.17.2014
People who are obese may be more susceptible to environmental food cues than their lean counterparts due to differences in brain chemistry that make eating more habitual and less rewarding, according to a National Institutes of Health study published in Molecular Psychiatry External Web Site Policy. Researchers at the NIH Clinical Center found that, when examining 43 men and women with varying amounts of body fat, obese participants tended to have greater dopamine activity in the habit-forming region of the brain than lean counterparts, and less activity in the region controlling reward. Those differences could potentially make the obese people more drawn to overeat in response to food triggers and simultaneously making food less rewarding to them. A chemical messenger in the brain, dopamine influences reward, motivation and habit formation. "While we cannot say whether obesity is a cause or an effect of these patterns of dopamine activity, eating based on unconscious habits rather than conscious choices could make it harder to achieve and maintain a healthy weight, especially when appetizing food cues are practically everywhere," said Kevin D. Hall, Ph.D., lead author and a senior investigator at National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of NIH. "This means that triggers such as the smell of popcorn at a movie theater or a commercial for a favorite food may have a stronger pull for an obese person — and a stronger reaction from their brain chemistry — than for a lean person exposed to the same trigger." Study participants followed the same eating, sleeping and activity schedule. Tendency to overeat in response to triggers in the environment was determined from a detailed questionnaire. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans evaluated the sites in the brain where dopamine was able to act.
Keyword: Obesity; Brain imaging
Link ID: 20054 - Posted: 09.10.2014
by Laura Beil The obesity crisis has given prehistoric dining a stardom not known since Fred Flintstone introduced the Bronto Burger. Last year, "Paleo diet" topped the list of most-Googled weight loss searches, as modern Stone Age dieters sought the advice of bestsellers like The Paleo Solution or The Primal Blueprint, which encourages followers to "honor your primal genes." The assumption is that America has a weight problem because human metabolism runs on ancient genes that are ill equipped for contemporary eating habits. In this line of thinking, a diet true to the hunter-gatherers we once were — heavy on protein, light on carbs — will make us skinny again. While the fad has attracted skepticism from those who don't buy the idea whole hog, there's still plenty of acceptance for one common premise about the evolution of obesity: Our bodies want to stockpile fat. For most of human history, the theory goes, hunter-gatherers ate heartily when they managed to slay a fleeing mastodon. Otherwise, prehistoric life meant prolonged stretches of near starvation, surviving only on inner reserves of adipose. Today, modern humans mostly hunt and gather at the drive-thru, but our Pleistocene genes haven't stopped fretting over the coming famine. The idea that evolution favored calorie-hoarding genes has long shaped popular and scientific thinking. Called the "thrifty gene" hypothesis, it has arguably been the dominant theory for evolutionary origins of obesity, and by extension diabetes. (Insulin resistance and diabetes so commonly accompany obesity that doctors have coined the term "diabesity.") However, it's not that difficult to find scientists who call the rise of the thrifty gene theory a feat of enthusiasm over evidence. Greg Gibson, director of the Center for Integrative Genomics at Georgia Tech in Atlanta, calls the data "somewhere between scant and nonexistent — a great example of crowd mentality in science." © Society for Science & the Public 2000 - 2014
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 20042 - Posted: 09.06.2014
By ANAHAD O'CONNOR People who avoid carbohydrates and eat more fat, even saturated fat, lose more body fat and have fewer cardiovascular risks than people who follow the low-fat diet that health authorities have favored for decades, a major new study shows. The findings are unlikely to be the final salvo in what has been a long and often contentious debate about what foods are best to eat for weight loss and overall health. The notion that dietary fat is harmful, particularly saturated fat, arose decades ago from comparisons of disease rates among large national populations. But more recent clinical studies in which individuals and their diets were assessed over time have produced a more complex picture. Some have provided strong evidence that people can sharply reduce their heart disease risk by eating fewer carbohydrates and more dietary fat, with the exception of trans fats. The new findings suggest that this strategy more effectively reduces body fat and also lowers overall weight. The new study was financed by the National Institutes of Health and published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. It included a racially diverse group of 150 men and women — a rarity in clinical nutrition studies — who were assigned to follow diets for one year that limited either the amount of carbs or fat that they could eat, but not overall calories. "To my knowledge, this is one of the first long-term trials that's given these diets without calorie restrictions," said Dariush Mozaffarian, the dean of the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, who was not involved in the new study. "It shows that in a free-living setting, cutting your carbs helps you lose weight without focusing on calories. And that's really important because someone can change what they eat more easily than trying to cut down on their calories." © 2014 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 20018 - Posted: 09.02.2014
By CARL ZIMMER Your body is home to about 100 trillion bacteria and other microbes, collectively known as your microbiome. Naturalists first became aware of our invisible lodgers in the 1600s, but it wasn't until the past few years that we've become really familiar with them. This recent research has given the microbiome a cuddly kind of fame. We've come to appreciate how beneficial our microbes are — breaking down our food, fighting off infections and nurturing our immune system. It's a lovely, invisible garden we should be tending for our own well-being. But in the journal Bioessays, a team of scientists has raised a creepier possibility. Perhaps our menagerie of germs is also influencing our behavior in order to advance its own evolutionary success — giving us cravings for certain foods, for example. "One of the ways we started thinking about this was in a crime-novel perspective," said Carlo C. Maley, an evolutionary biologist at the University of California, San Francisco, and a co-author of the new paper. "What are the means, motives and opportunity for the microbes to manipulate us? They have all three." The idea that a simple organism could control a complex animal may sound like science fiction. In fact, there are many well-documented examples of parasites controlling their hosts. Some species of fungi, for example, infiltrate the brains of ants and coax them to climb plants and clamp onto the underside of leaves. The fungi then sprout out of the ants and send spores showering onto uninfected ants below. How parasites control their hosts remains mysterious. But it looks as if they release molecules that directly or indirectly can influence their brains. © 2014 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Obesity; Evolution
Link ID: 19981 - Posted: 08.20.2014
|By Melinda Wenner Moyer For most people, "fat," particularly the kind that bulges under the skin, is a four-letter word. It makes our thighs jiggle; it lingers despite our torturous attempts to eliminate it. Too much of it increases our risk for heart disease and type 2 diabetes (the most common form of the condition). For decades researchers have looked for ways to reduce our collective stores of fat because they seemed to do more harm than good. But biology is rarely that simple. In the late 2000s several research groups independently discovered something that shattered the consensus about the absolute dangers of body fat. Scientists had long known that humans produce at least two types of fat tissue—white and brown. Each white fat cell stores energy in the form of a single large, oily droplet but is otherwise relatively inert. In contrast, brown fat cells contain many smaller droplets, as well as chestnut-colored molecular machines known as mitochondria. These organelles in turn burn up the droplets to generate heat. Babies, who have not yet developed the ability to shiver to maintain their body temperature, rely on thermogenic deposits of brown fat in the neck and around the shoulders to stay warm. Yet investigators assumed that all brown fat disappears during childhood. The new findings revealed otherwise. Adults have brown fat, too. Suddenly, people started throwing around terms like holy grail to describe the promise of brown fat to combat obesity. The idea was appealingly simple: if researchers could figure out how to incite the body to produce extra brown fat or somehow rev up existing brown fat, a larger number of calories would be converted into heat, reducing deposits of white fat in the process. © 2014 Scientific American
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 19953 - Posted: 08.13.2014
James Gorman Deep in the mouse brain, scientists recently found that a very small network of cells, a few thousand at most, turns appetite on and off. They used the most sophisticated of modern techniques, but as has often happened in science — witness penicillin, Velcro and Viagra — the researchers discovered something they weren't looking for. "This was an accidental discovery," said David Anderson, of the California Institute of Technology, the senior scientist on the team that reported the finding, in Nature Neuroscience. The discovery may eventually lead to a better understanding and treatment of eating disorders. The surprise and drama of the finding are immediately clear, however, in lab videos. A mouse busily munches lab chow until a light signal is sent to its brain, and the mouse wanders off, no longer interested in food. His lab had previously studied this small group of neurons, in a part of the brain called the amygdala. That earlier research was on fear, an emotion strongly associated with the amygdala in both mice and humans. As a technique called optogenetics became more and more refined, he said, it seemed worth revisiting the neurons with this new tool. Optogenetics requires genetic manipulation of specific cells to make them sensitive to light in a certain wavelength, in this case blue light. Then fiber-optic cables are inserted into the brain, and when the light is turned on, neurons can be activated or turned off. Researchers in Dr. Anderson's lab, including Haijiang Cai, a postdoctoral researcher and a co-author of the report, prepared the mice and conducted the experiment with the entirely unexpected result. © 2014 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 19945 - Posted: 08.12.2014
The gurgles made by a hungry belly are familiar to us all, but they are not just the side effect of an empty stomach. Brain cells not normally associated with communication send out a signal when they detect blood glucose levels are running low, and this triggers the stomach contractions. Richard Rogers of the Pennington Biomedical Research Center at Louisiana State University and colleagues used a drug called fluorocitrate to knock out the function of certain astrocytes and neurons in the brains of rats, blocking the sensation of hunger. Only when astrocyte function was restored did the gastric grumbles return, showing that it is these cells that respond to low glucose levels (Journal of Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1406-14.2014). The feeling of discomfort you get when hungry is called "hypoglycaemia awareness". "For most people this is only slightly unpleasant, but for diabetics whose glucose levels can drop significantly, [being hungry] can be dangerous," says Rogers. "It's important to understand how this mechanism works." © Copyright Reed Business Information Ltd.
Sarah C. P. Williams Every fall, grizzly bears pack on the pounds in preparation for their winter hibernation. In humans, such extreme weight gain would likely lead to diabetes or other metabolic diseases, but the bears manage to stay healthy year after year. Their ability to remain diabetes-free, researchers have now discovered, can be chalked up to the shutting down of a protein found in fat cells. The discovery could lead to new diabetes drugs that turn off the same pathway in humans. The findings are "provocative and interesting," says biologist Sandy Martin of the University of Colorado, Denver, who was not involved in the new work. "They found a natural solution to a problem that we haven't been able to solve." As people gain weight, fat, liver, and muscle cells typically become less sensitive to the hormone insulin—which normally helps control blood sugar levels—and insulin levels rise. In turn, that increased insulin prevents the breakdown of fat cells, causing a vicious cycle that can lead to full-blown insulin resistance, or diabetes. Developing new diabetes drugs has been hampered by the fact that findings from many mouse models of diabetes have not translated to humans. So Kevin Corbit, a senior scientist at Thousand Oaks, California–based drug company Amgen, decided to start looking at obesity and metabolic disease in other animals. "When I was thinking about things that are quite fat, one of the first things I thought of was bears, and what they do to prepare to go into hibernation," he says. "But of course you don't see bears running around with diabetes and heart disease." © 2014 American Association for the Advancement of Science
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 19919 - Posted: 08.06.2014
By Smitha Mundasad Health reporter, BBC News Scientists have discovered a central hub of brain cells that may put the brakes on a desire to eat, a study in mice shows. And switching on these neurons can stop feeding immediately, according to the Nature Neurosciences report. Researchers say the findings may one day contribute to therapies for obesity and anorexia. Experts say this sheds light on the many complex nerve circuits involved in appetite control. Scientists from the California Institute of Technology suggest the nerve cells act as a central switchboard, combining and relaying many different messages in the brain to help reduce food intake. Using laser beams they were able to stimulate the neurons - leading to a complete and immediate stop to food consumption. Prof David Anderson, lead author of the study told the BBC: "It was incredibly surprising. "It was like you could just flick a switch and prevent the animals from feeding." Researchers then used chemicals to mimic a variety of scenarios - including feelings of satiety, malaise, nausea and a bitter taste. They found the neurons were active in all situations, suggesting they may be integral in the response to many diverse stimuli. BBC © 2014
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 19887 - Posted: 07.28.2014
Obese women may have a "food learning impairment" that could explain their attitude to food, research from Yale School of Medicine suggests. Tests on groups of obese and healthy-weight people found that the obese women performed worst when asked to remember a sequence of food picture cards. Writing in Current Biology, Yale researchers tested 135 men and women. The findings could lead to new ways to tackle obesity, the study says. Study author Ifat Levy, assistant professor at Yale School of Medicine, said the difference in the performance of the obese women compared with the other groups was "really striking" and "significant". The tests looked at an individual's ability to learn and predict the appearance of pictures of food or money on coloured cards. The participants were told they would be given whatever appeared on these "reward" cards. In the first phase, the reward cards always followed a particular coloured card in a sequence. Later, the order was changed and the reward cards appeared following a different coloured card. During this time, participants were asked to predict the likelihood of a reward card appearing as the cards were shown one by one. The results showed that obese women performed worst because they overestimated how often the pictures of food, including pretzels or chocolate, appeared. Even after researchers had accounted for other factors, there was still a large difference in their learning performance. Prof Levy said: "This is not a general learning impairment, as obese women had no problem learning when the reward was money rather than food. BBC © 2014
Keyword: Obesity; Learning & Memory
Link ID: 19850 - Posted: 07.19.2014
By GRETCHEN REYNOLDS Sleep is essential for good health, as we all know. But a new study hints that there may be an easy but unrealized way to augment its virtues: lower the thermostat. Cooler bedrooms could subtly transform a person's stores of brown fat — what has lately come to be thought of as "good fat" — and consequently alter energy expenditure and metabolic health, even into daylight hours. Until recently, most scientists thought that adults had no brown fat. But in the past few years, scanty deposits — teaspoonfuls, really — of the tissue have been detected in the necks and upper backs in many adults. This is important because brown fat, unlike the more common white stuff, is metabolically active. Experiments with mice have shown that it takes sugar out of the bloodstream to burn calories and maintain core temperature. A similar process seems to take place in humans. For the new study, published in June in Diabetes, researchers affiliated with the National Institutes of Health persuaded five healthy young male volunteers to sleep in climate-controlled chambers at the N.I.H. for four months. The men went about their normal lives during the days, then returned at 8 every evening. All meals, including lunch, were provided, to keep their caloric intakes constant. They slept in hospital scrubs under light sheets. For the first month, the researchers kept the bedrooms at 75 degrees, considered a neutral temperature that would not prompt moderating responses from the body. The next month, the bedrooms were cooled to 66 degrees, a temperature that the researchers expected might stimulate brown-fat activity (but not shivering, which usually begins at more frigid temperatures). The following month, the bedrooms were reset to 75 degrees, to undo any effects from the chillier room, and for the last month, the sleeping temperature was a balmy 81 degrees. Throughout, the subjects' blood-sugar and insulin levels and daily caloric expenditures were tracked; after each month, the amount of brown fat was measured. © 2014 The New York Times Company
Keyword: Obesity
Link ID: 19844 - Posted: 07.17.2014
by Azeen Ghorayshi Food could be a new weapon in shaking off the effects of jet lag after research in mice showed that the insulin released as a result of eating can be a key factor in restoring a disrupted body clock. Miho Sato and her colleagues at The Research Institute for Time Studies at Yamaguchi University in Japan did experiments in mice and tissue cultures to show, for the first time, that increases in insulin affect circadian rhythms. These daily rhythms affect alertness, sleep patterns, and mediate many other physiological processes. Your biological clock is regulated by two broad factors: first, the central rhythm is reset daily by light, as sensory input from the eyes is processed by a small part of the brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The rise and fall of hormones linked to sleep, for example, match this rhythm. But circadian rhythms are also present in peripheral "clocks" in a wide range of cell types in the body. Some of these can be influenced by food. Sato demonstrated the role of insulin by shifting the peripheral body clock in the livers of mice by feeding them only at night. They then split the mice into two groups, supressed insulin levels in one group, and returned all the mice to daytime feeding. Four days later, the livers of the non-supressed mice had readjusted to a normal daily rhythm, as revealed by the daily rise and fall of liver-gene expression. The livers of the insulin-suppressed mice had still not returned to normal. © Copyright Reed Business Information Ltd.
Keyword: Biological Rhythms
Link ID: 19830 - Posted: 07.15.2014


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Walters: Would mandate become porn-industry barrier?
It's a familiar refrain in the California Capitol: Legislation to regulate a major industry surfaces, and industry emissaries warn that it could drive production and its jobs to another state.
But Tuesday's hearing of the Assembly Arts, Entertainment, Sports, Tourism and Internet Media Committee had a distinct, only-in-California flavor.
The affected industry is the production of pornographic films and videos, the bill at issue would require actors who engage in on-screen sex to wear condoms, and the witnesses testifying on the measure included an actor (for) and actresses (against).
Assemblyman Isadore Hall, D-Compton, is carrying Assembly Bill 332, which is patterned after a Los Angeles County ordinance approved by voters last year. Like the local law, it is backed by anti-AIDS and public health groups.
''This is a workforce safety bill," Hall told the committee before its 5-1 vote for it. "We have to protect our workforce."
Former porn actor Darren James, the central figure in an HIV outbreak in the industry nine years ago, told legislators that "in an instant, my life was turned upside down (and) the industry turned against me."
However, Olivia Lee, a former porn actress, and Alana Evans, who has made hundreds of porn films, opposed the bill. Evans argued that the industry's testing procedures are a better guard against infection than condoms because she now knows the test results of any actor with whom she has sex.
''I don't want to risk having sex with someone who is HIV-positive," she said.
Actors' positions vis-à-vis condoms aside, porn production's economic impact is the bill's real purpose.
Porn is a multibillion-dollar colossus in the San Fernando Valley and provides an indirect subsidy to the non-X-rated film business by keeping its camera operators, sound technicians, makeup artists and other off-camera crews employed.
Economic impact is why the Valley Industry and Commerce Association — the San Fernando Valley's chamber of commerce — has declared its opposition. It's backing industry claims that production will move to other states if its actors are required to wear condoms that would spoil the cinematic fantasy of spontaneous and frenzied sex.
Some production has already fled Los Angeles for other California locales because of the local ordinance, industry witnesses said, and an exodus to other states would ensue should the condom rule be extended statewide.
A spokeswoman for the industry-backed Free Speech Coalition told the committee that "bringing about barriers to the industry ... would make it impossible for the industry to survive."
It will be interesting to see whether the Legislature's conservative, pro- business Republicans who rail about onerous regulation will stand up for the porn industry.
Dan Walters writes for the Sacramento Bee. Email him at email@example.com.
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A magnitude 7.4 earthquake centered in Yucca Valley, Calif., in 1992 jolted local residents at the time and continues to shake out new scientific findings. Called the Landers earthquake, after the closest town, the event triggered a number of other afterquakes across fault lines into Yellowstone in Wyoming and southern Montana.Los Alamos National Laboratory researcher Paul Johnson said this morning that he began reading about Landers quake about five years ago, but he was not satisfied with the explanations that were offered. When a colleague in Paris agreed with his hypothesis that a higher amplitude seismic wave might have been propagated that triggered quakes at a distance, he began serious work on the idea, but realized he needed experimental evidence.In a letter that appeared Thursday in the science journal Nature, Johnson and his colleagues, approaching the subject from a variety of disciplines, show how energy can be stored in certain types of granular materials like those found along fault lines worldwide. Each earthquake releases seismic waves or vibrations that travel through the Earth.
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Political And Social Unrest In Libya
The U.S. Embassy recommends deferring non-essential travel to the Eastern Libyan cities of Benghazi, Ajdabiya, Al-Bayda, Al Marj, Derna and Tobruk.
Updated information on travel and security in Lybia may be obtained from the Department of State by calling 1-888-407-4747 toll-free in the United States and Canada or, for callers outside the United States and Canada, on a regular toll line at 1-202-501-4444.
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Lee's business incentive program signs companies to provide 950 jobs PHOTOS/POLL
BONITA SPRINGS - Paramount Transportation Logistics, new to Lee County: $300,000 grant, 100 new jobs promised, $8 million economic impact, 57 jobs created so far
* * * * *
Source Interlink, expansion: $1 million grant, 350 new jobs promised, $134 million economic impact, job commitment begins at the end of 2011
* * * * *
Algenol Biofuels, expansion: $10 million grant, 108 new jobs promised, $123 million economic impact, 60 jobs created so far
* * * * *
VR Laboratories, new to Lee County: $5 million grant, 208 new jobs promised, $132 million economic impact, job commitment begins at the end of 2011
* * * * *
Gartner, expansion: $1 million grant, 200 jobs promised, $91 million economic impact, job commitment begins at the end of 2011
* * * * *
Source: Lee County's Economic Development Office
A $25 million Lee County program meant to grow jobs has been picking up steam.
It may take a decade to realize the full effects of Lee County's Financial Incentives for Recruiting Strategic Targets, or FIRST, grant program. But there's evidence on the ground that this seed money may be taking root, that the grants are drawing the companies the county had hoped it would.
And its success is already drawing some attention in Collier County.
"When all things are equal, (incentives) give us an advantage when we're competing nationally and internationally," said Jennifer Berg, spokeswoman for Lee County's Economic Development Office.
FIRST is just one of several incentive programs, but it was created with a 2009 budget to target new types of industries, such as life sciences and research and development. Its aim was to draw big numbers — companies creating at least 70 high-wage jobs.
Since 2009, six companies, both new and local, have received approval or conditional approval for $19.3 million. Although the clock hasn't started ticking for several of those companies on their job-creation goals, more than 150 employees already have been hired.
"We think we have some good contracts," Lee Commission Chairman Frank Mann said.
Companies promise to create jobs in three to five years and retain them for up to six years. The Economic Development Office reviews applicants' financial position and company history. Final agreements include rules for fund disbursements based on the company's job creation, which is evaluated every three months.
"We don't give the funds up front," Berg said.
Once funds are released, if goals aren't met, claw-back provisions ensure funds are returned.
"We want to be good stewards of taxpayer dollars," Berg said.
The largest grant, $10 million, went to Algenol Biofuels, a Bonita Springs-based company that relocated laboratories from across the country to Lee County.
Algenol, with nearly 50,000 square feet of research and development space, is converting algae to ethanol.
It promised 108 jobs and already has created 60, about 50 percent ahead of its interim goals.
The $10 million grant sealed the deal for Algenol's relocation.
"We would have put (the company) in Texas without it," said Paul Woods, founder and chief executive officer.
Algenol is expected to have a $123 million economic impact on Lee County, including 495 indirect jobs.
South Fort Myers resident Matthew Gleason knows the value of that trickle-down effect. His company, Anytime Biohazard Cleaning, picks up Algenol's biohazard waste. He was so grateful for Algenol's business, he drafted a letter to county commissioners.
"I am writing this letter in an effort to thank the Lee County commissioners for persuading Algenol into making Lee County their home," Gleason wrote in a copy of the letter provided by Woods.
Some 970 jobs were promised by five companies within three to five years. A company whose name hasn't yet been released by Lee officials is in negotiations, promising 500 more jobs in exchange for $2 million.
"The jury is still out as to the effectiveness of the program," Mann said. "We haven't had time for the commitments to gel."
Mann said he typically wouldn't support government involvement in business, but the economic environment of 2008 demanded it.
"When we adopted this, Lee County was just beginning to experience the most devastating economic downturn. These were desperate times that required us to think outside the box," he said.
For Woods, the public funding is a natural fit in tough economic times.
"When capital markets are very open and free, it's easy for companies to go get money," he said. "In these kinds of economies, if you want us to grow glacially quickly we'll do it on our own. If you want to have these companies create jobs and expand more quickly ... this kind of partnership with the county makes job creation much more possible."
Some 970 jobs were promised by five companies within three to five years. A company whose name hasn't yet been released by Lee officials is in negotiations, promising 500 more jobs in exchange for $2 million.
"When we adopted this, Lee County was just beginning to experience the most devastating economic downturn. These were desperate times that required us to think outside the box," Lee County Commissioner Frank Mann said.
* * * * *
Governments across the country have attempted similar tax incentives programs for business development with mixed results.
In 2009, Massachusetts offered $24.5 million in grants to 26 companies. Five couldn't reach their goal and returned grants totaling $7.5 million.
"Some companies fared better than others," said Angus McQuilken, spokesman for the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center, a state agency charged with promoting life sciences in the state.
Eight other companies didn't meet their midpoint goals and are being investigated to determine if they will be forced to return the money.
But that hasn't dampened hopes.
"The program was a success," McQuilken said. "It created even more jobs than we're committed to."
The 21 companies that remained created 607 jobs — 33 more than expected.
* * * * *
The Economic Development Council of Collier County (EDC) and Collier County Commission may consider an incentive program like Lee County's, said Tammie Nemecek, outgoing president and chief executive officer.
She said the council's traditional incentive program hasn't been funded by the County Commission in two years.
"The (commission) agreed to a strategic planning effort jointly with the (EDC) in which we will evaluate a whole host of issues, including incentives," Nemecek said of a recent EDC agreement with commissioners.
But already, Collier County has seen its share of doubt for some business incentives.
It courted Maine-based Jackson Laboratory, a nonprofit genetics lab, to set up a biomedical village in the county. Jackson Labs pledged to create nearly 250 jobs in 10 years in exchange for a $130 million investment from Collier County taxpayers.
The proposed deal brought controversy to commission chambers and eventually fell through in February.
Nemecek said the Jackson Labs controversy wouldn't hinder the support of the community to invest taxpayer money in private businesses, nor would it hinder businesses from considering Collier County.
That said, upcoming strategic planning sessions for the EDC and commission will clarify the county's business development strategy going forward.
But for Lee County, incentives granted to highly vetted companies have great potential, Berg said.
"The trickle-down effect of the companies, of what we attract to the communities, this trickles down to the arts and schools, new developments being created," Berg said.
__ Connect with Tara E. McLaughlin at www.naplesnews.com/staff/tara-mclaughlin/
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Sublime Chunky Merino Tweed is a single ply, bulky yarn in great colors! Knit or crochet bulky accessories in practically no time. The tweed flecks will bring pops of color and interest to your project. Made in Italy.
(based on 6 reviews)
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Fell in love at first sight
By knitwit
from Adelaide Australia
About Me Enthusiast
Comments about Sublime Chunky Merino Tweed:
I haven't had the chance to knit this wool yet as it is summer in Australia but i can tell it is going to knit up beautifully for the skirt and hat I want to knit for my daughter
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
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Soft, warm, and cozy
By Mimi
from NY
I would definitely use this yarn again.
very pleased with this yarn
By deb
from Pittsburgh, PA
About Me Artist
so soft and very easy to work with , i'm knitting a sweater for myself, no problems. I purchased the bramble, the color was duller then pictured, but I'm not that disappointed, i would purchase more of this yarn in the future
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Love my yarn from Sublime!
By Lesia
from Atlanta Georgia
About Me Artist, Collector, Enthusiast, Parent, Returning To Knitting
Yarn is perfect for the throw I'm knitting! Affordable soft and warm! Knits up beautifully and quickly!
Easiest - softest yarn I have ever used
By wlt
from Traverse City, MI
I have knit 2 pair of gloves and am in the process of knitting 3 sweaters - so far the 1st one is coming out great!! This is the best yarn I have ever knit with, I will continue to find more things to knit using this yarn. The colors are also amazing - I have purchased 4 so far and all are gorgeous!
Sweater is turning out great!
By Sunday02
from Wisconsin
About Me Novice
I started a sweater from the Sublime book. This yarn is warm and easy to work with. I used a metal needle and it does slip easy so i would use wood in the future. I love the colors and this yarn really knits up nice!!