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PolyPropylene Fiber for Concrete and Mortar
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Quick Details
- Material: 100% Polypropylene
- Place of Origin: Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea
- Brand Name: Nycon Power Mesh Fiber
SpecificationsReinforcing Fibers for Concrete and Mortar
Provides reinforcement which prevents shrinkage and drying cracks
Homopolymer polypropylene fibrillated fiber as a high reinforcement for cement products.
Provides reinforcement which prevents shrinkage and drying cracks.
Makes concrete, Mortar, stucco and plaster much denser and stronger.
Used in concrete applications such as slan-on-grade, curbs, mortar, stucco, plaster&etc.
Gurantees easy finishing, significantly improved resistance against a number of detrimental factors to concrete such as external shocks, abrasion, corrosion, frost damage and so on.
POWER MESH Advantages
-Proactive crack-fighting reinforment vs. reactive welded-wire mesh reinforcement.
-Non-magnetic, rustproof, alkali-resistant
-Requires no minimum amount of concrete cover
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-Compared to welded-wire mesh, decreases construction time and labor, increase productivity.
Benefits of POWER MESH Fibers in Concrete
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-Use POWER MESH fiber in the shotcrete for Tunnel, Ceiling and etc to reduce rebound & waste of material
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These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Supplement Facts:
Other Ingredients: Microcrystalline cellulose and stearic acid.
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Authentic Tiffany & Co Sterling Silver Bead Earrings Stud 10mm
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Weighs 5.2 g / 3.34 dwt / 0.17 ozt Earring design: round, sterling silver bead stud earrings Beads measure: 10mm Closure: clutch backings – have been replaced Hallmarks: T & Co., 925 Brand: Tiffany & Company Condition: pre-owned We believe these fantastic bead earrings are authentic Tiffany & Co earrings after reviewing the information Tiffany & Co puts out to help detect the differences between genuine and counterfeit pieces. The backings have been replaced, but we believe the earrings are real. They are high quality and weigh 2.6 grams each. Although the style is simple, Tiffany knows how to add elegance and quality to a pattern that would be little more than just plain simple to any other jewelry designer. We believe these sterling silver earrings will be keepers. We also have the matching bracelet and necklace available on this site if you are interested in a set, but don't wait too long or someone else who loves Tiffany might beat you to it.
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Air, Helicopter & Balloon Tours
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Flight Over the Himalayas including Mt Everest from Kathmandu
Soar to the top of the world on a scenic flight over the Himalayas, including outstanding aerial views of towering Mt Everest. Take off from Kathmandu in the ... Read more
Kathmandu, Nepal
Duration: 1 hour (approx.)
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Get as close to Mt Everest as possible without actually trekking to it – on a scenic Himalayas helicopter tour! You'll land at Everest Base Camp for a glimpse ... Read more
Kathmandu, Nepal
Duration: 4 hours (approx.)
Only Show: Air Tours | Helicopter Tours


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- Articles
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- About me
Welcome to the online home of Tim Challies, blogger, author, and book reviewer.
Trending Topics
A La Carte (4/12)
April 12, 2010
Too Much Cross of Christ? - Gordon Cheng asks this and answers with help from John Stott. "Is it possible to be focused too on the cross of Christ? The answer has to be no. In fact, the nastiest pieces of theological misguidance that I've come across have lost any sense that the cross of Christ is where we find everything—our sin, God's love, his judgement, our salvation, and the mystery of Trinitarian theology working itself out in a place beyond our comprehension. However…"
Can Animals Be Gay? - This seems like a silly question, but it has very important ramifications. Dr. Mohler takes it on.
Our Daily Grind - Danielle at 6YearMed has written another good blog post.
Wallpaper - Here is a collection of amazing wallpapers to help dress up your computer a little bit.
Become a Friend of the Blog
Become a Friend of the Blog
A Letter to His Son
A Letter to His Son


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It is our intention to complete orders as quickly as possible, and to
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In this week's edition: "Security officer honored wtih Ricardo Diaz Award," "Nurse goes the extra mile for former patient," "Jaff to lead care redesign," "Medication reconciliation: everyone has a role," and more.
Stories in the 06/22/2012 Issue of Hotline
The 2012 MGH Summer Picnic is June 28 from 11:30 am to 2 pm and 10 to 11:30 pm on the Bulfinch Lawn.
Juggling the demands of a career and motherhood can be extremely challenging, but for six MGH researchers, life just got a little easier thanks to the Claflin Distinguished Scholar Award.
In General awards: June 22, 2012
Michael R. Jaff, DO, medical director of the Vascular Center, Vascular Diagnostic Laboratory and Vascular Ultrasound Core Laboratory, has been named the new leader of MGH/MGPO care redesign, part of the Partners-wide Strategic Initiative focused on ways to improve quality and efficiency of care.
Medication reconciliation, which is both an MGH policy and a Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goal, is the process through which health care providers help manage and communicate information about multiple medications in order to prevent errors.
The MGH Leadership Academy hosted its fifth annual spring lecture, "Diversity, Performance and Innovation," June 13 in the Starr Conference Center.
What can we do to help men become better fathers?
Kristin Beauparlant, RN, OCN, remembers walking into Beth Bennett Rice's room to find her asleep with a computer on her lap.
On June 13, more than 4,500 employees in operations support roles were honored during the annual Operations Support Staff Day in the Bulfinch Tent.
What's Happening: June 22, 2012
U.S. News & World Report ranks Mass General the #1 hospital in America based on our quality of care, patient safety and reputation in 16 different specialties. Learn more about why we're #1
Search the archive for previously published news articles, press releases and publications.
Departments and Centers at Mass General have a reputation for excellence in patient care. View a list of all departments.


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In February, Leonard Slatkin, 65, is the new music director of the Orchestre National de Lyon, effective with the 2011-12 season. He is the second American to hold the post. He has led virtually all of the major orchestras in the United States, including those of Chicago, Boston, San Francisco, Cleveland and Philadelphia. He currently is the director for the Detroit Symphony Orchestra (DSO) the fourth oldest orchestra in the United States.
Slatkin said, "My position in Lyon gives me a second solid base where I can additionally make music in the most positive and agreeable way and permits me more solidity and focus in all my work as contrasted with what is possible in my recent schedules of constant flying from continent to continent and orchestra to orchestra."
Slatkin leads 16 weeks of DSO concerts a year. He plans to spend 12 weeks with the Lyon orchestra and three weeks in his ongoing role as principal guest conductor of the Pittsburgh Symphony. Though adding another major post to his portfolio might add to his work load on one level, on another it promises to streamline his activities. Most of his fall and winter season will now be accounted for by work in three cities. For Slatkin, who suffered a heart attack last year, the triumvirate will allow him to reduce the amount of guest conducting he does.
In Lyon, Slatkin takes over an orchestra with an international profile garnered through tours and recordings. He succeeds German conductor Jun Märkl as music director. He also becomes the second American to lead the orchestra in recent years, after David Robertson (2000-2004), who coincidentally remains music director of one of Slatkin's former orchestras, the St. Louis Symphony.
Slatkin has a long history with French musical culture. "Much of my guest conducting career has centered on French orchestras," he said. "Indeed, my principal teacher, Jean Morel, was French and taught me much about the repertoire and culture."
Since his debut with the New York Philharmonic in 1974, Mr. Slatkin has led virtually all of the major orchestras in the United States, including those of Chicago, Boston, San Francisco, Cleveland and Philadelphia. He is a regular guest at major summer festivals such as Aspen, Tanglewood, Ravinia, Saratoga, and New York's Mostly Mozart Festival. In Great Britain he served as Principal Guest Conductor of London's Philharmonic Orchestra, the Royal Philharmonic and was Chief Conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra. Mr. Slatkin has conducted most of the world's major orchestras including the Berlin Philharmonic, Concertgebouw Orchestra, Vienna Philharmonic, Czech Philharmonic, Bayerische Symphony Orchestra and all the prominent ensembles in Paris and London. He has also appeared on podiums throughout the Far East.
Check out the next video blog posting to listen to his ideas about how to create the sounds that gives an audience an unforgettable musical moment.


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OS Commerce Watch: New Magento 1.1 Released
- 25-Jul-08 |
Kerry Watson
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This is one in a series of columns on the open-source commerce (OSC) industry.
Those Magento boys and girls are at it again, kicking butt and taking names by releasing a brand-new, expanded 1.1 release of their already feature-rich open source e-commerce program. The company claims to already be the fastest growing e-commerce platform on the market and not just open source e-commerce with over 400,000 production downloads in only 16 weeks. This latest release will boost the worlds acceptance curve sharply with new features that will pique international interest.
|» Open Source E-Commerce Platform Magento Debuts
» Open Source Watch: Specialty Hosts for E-Tailers
» OS Commerce: The True Cost of Free Shopping Carts
» First Annual Open Source Survey Results
» OS Commerce: The True Cost of Free Shopping Carts
» First Annual Open Source Survey Results
» First Annual Open Source Survey Results
The team's marketing messages, already good from the start, have become laser-focused and clearer than any open source e-commerce team I've seen. They have positioned themselves as the competitive solution for shops ranging from the mom-and-pop-type shop, through the medium-size shop selling up to $150 million per year, and their features make them ideal for an enterprise shop. The company is aiming this latest release squarely at world expansion.
Summary of New FeaturesThis new release includes hundreds of bug fixes and performance improvements including SEO-related fixes, improvements in the Admin components, and also adds support for Canadian and European taxes. Expanded product options will win over the hearts of those who sell customized products, with custom product options, personalized products, and virtual or downloadable products. And an exciting new feature is a Web services API, which opens the door for Magento to be integrated with any application via a Web Services API.
Performance Issues Addressed The company says one of the main goals for Magento 1.1 was to examine bottlenecks in the platform and improve performance. This new release addresses the key concerns of many 1.0 users, including many bug fixes and slow page-loading times. Changes have been made to the Admin so that data are loaded only when necessary, improving the responsiveness of the Admin significantly.
The company claims a 40-percent performance improvement. Some 1.1 alpha users reported performance improvements of 70 percent in their tests, while others complained that while the new version is much faster, it remains relatively slow. Many factors can influence the speed of the program, including server and caching settings, so if a store remains slow after upgrading, the store owner should seek out additional measures to improve the store's performance.
International Support IncreasedMagento Version 1.0 was a US-centric product. Version 1.1 will see the expansion of Magento into many additional new countries where it was previously impossible to use the program due to tax law limitations. Complex laws in Europe and elsewhere for Value Added Taxation (VAT) formerly required programmers to extend the code. According to Varien's Chief Technology Officer, Yoav Kutner, the team has redesigned the tax module so it is more flexible for international use, as well as for changing taxation laws in the US. Already there are active user forums in nearly 50 languages. Translations of over 60 languages and dialects have been initiated by volunteers with varying degrees of completion, and 23 locales are 85 to 100 percent complete. As a result of these activities and changes, the number of version 1.1 product downloads should spike sharply with significant world-wide interest. (Continue to Page 2 for more Details of New Features)
Free Resources
The Virtual Contact Center: An Essential Guide to Transform Your Customer Experience An Essential Guide to Transform Your Customer Experience What is a Virtual Contact Center? A Virtual Contact Center (VCC) is a cloud-based contact...
The Trouble with Instant Messaging on the Move - And What Enterprises Can Do About It With many instant messaging (IM) tools, IT administrators have little or no control over the transactions and most employees don't understand the...
The Next Steps for Securing Critical Documents to Help Prevent Information Loss Live Event Date: October 28, 2015 @ 1:00 p.m. ET / 10:00 a.m. PT There has been tremendous focus on securing sensitive corporate data that is...
What Financial Institutions Should Look for in a Managed Security Service Provider Managed security service providers (MSSPs) are responsible for protecting an organization's critical data and ensuring that they avoid data...


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A quick tour of the polygomé application I created for the monome. The software can be downloaded at stretta.com.
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- Northern New York Newspapers
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- Ogdensburg
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MASSENA - A Massena woman was released from jail after pleading guilty to a reduced count during her first appearance with counsel in village court.
Village police had charged Mark S. Lafrancois, 44, and Patricia A. Snyder, 47, both of 111 Woodlawn Ave. with assault following a domestic dispute at 2:27 a.m. Monday at their residence.
Lafrancois was charged with third-degree assault after he allegedly grabbed Snyder by the throat with both hands and choked her out.
Snyder was charged with attempted assault. Lafrancois told police Snyder had punched him in the face, head and right arm. They had both been sent to the St. Lawrence County Correctional Facility with bail set at $500 following their arrests.
Police said the couple were heavily intoxicated, belligerent and uncooperative when they responded to the domestic dispute complaint at their residence.
Snyder entered a guilty plea after prosecutors agreed to reduce a third-degree attempted assault count to aa second-degree harassment violation.
Massena Village Justice Eric J. Gustafson waived the fine and ordered Snyder to pay a $125 surcharge.
In other recent court action before Judge Gustafson:
■ Thomas H. Rushlow Sr., 52, of 74 Perkins Road, Massena, was ordered to pay a $205 surcharge and was placed under a one-year conditional discharge for an attempted endangering the welfare of a child conviction.
Rushlow had been charged with failing to adequately supervise his children, ages 5 and 6. The two children crossed four lanes of traffic on state Route 37 before being picked up by an acquaintance of the childrens parents who saw them walking on Stearns Street and was concerned about their welfare.
■ Chastity L. Monroe, 32, of 23 E. Hatfield St., Massena, as granted a six-month adjournment in contemplation of dismissal.
Village police had charged Monroewith endangering the welfare of a child in May 2011. Police said Monroe was charged after her 2-year-old toddler was observed walking on East Hatfield Street wearing only a diaper. A witness told police she had grabbed the child after seeing the toddler running toward traffic.
St. Lawrence County Assistant Public Defender Alison Appleby told the court the child suffers from a severe form of autism and the toddler had simply escaped from her mothers supervision that day. She now has alarms in place and has taken other steps to aid in child care, she said.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
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Help the Candidate: First the Campaign, Then the Lobbying
By MICHAEL SLACKMAN; Mike McIntire contributed reporting for this article.
Published: June 8, 2004
When Bear Stearns & Company Inc. sought help to promote its bond sale business, it hired Hank Sheinkopf, a longtime political consultant who had helped elect the official who oversees city bond sales: the city comptroller, William C. Thompson Jr.
When Maureen Connelly was finished working as a political consultant on Michael R. Bloomberg's mayoral campaign, she went back to her firm, which began lobbying the Bloomberg administration on behalf of its business clients.
And Kieran Mahoney, a longtime Republican political consultant and close adviser to Gov. George E. Pataki, handled everything from conducting polls and analyzing their results to directing the governor's media campaigns in the past. Now he personally lobbies Mr. Pataki on behalf of companies like AT&T and the pharmaceutical giant Pfizer, state records show.
Increasingly, political consultants in New York State are taking on dual roles: not only do they help candidates get elected, but afterward they end up lobbying them on behalf of special interests. There has long been a hazy boundary between political consulting and lobbying, but in recent years, the line has been crossed more frequently and more deliberately.
Mr. Sheinkopf, for example, was one of Mr. Thompson's chief campaign consultants. He helped prepare his message and shape his television and radio campaigns. After Mr. Thompson took office, Mr. Sheinkopf obtained a lucrative contract with Bear Stearns that paid him $10,000 a month to identify bond markets nationwide, state records show. The New York bond market is one of the most attractive.
The merging roles of political adviser and lobbyist result from several trends: the rise in power and influence of political consultants, the weakened ability of political parties to provide logistical and strategic support to candidates, and a highly competitive marketplace that for the first time has many longtime political consultants scrambling to grab lobbying business.
While the practice has been common in Washington and has surfaced in the past in New York, consultants have been pushing past the boundaries of what was once considered acceptable.
On the city level, for example, a new breed of lobbyist-consultant, like the Parkside Group, has been very aggressive in collecting political clients it also has lobbied. Parkside helped elect 12 City Council members and has represented more than a dozen clients with business before the city. It has stayed on the political payroll of the Council speaker, Gifford Miller, also helping him find a new chief of staff, even while lobbying him directly and at one point renting space in its office for Mr. Miller's fund-raiser.
One of the firm's partners, Harry Giannoulis, straddles the divide even more, serving as a member of the Taxi and Limousine Commission.
This type of dual practice is not limited to the city. When the state attorney general, Eliot Spitzer, set up his fund-raising unit, called Spitzer 2006, he rented space in the offices of Global Strategy Group, a political consulting and polling firm that had helped him win election and has also lobbied the state.
There is nothing illegal about the arrangements, and elected officials and their consultants say they are able to keep the two worlds separate. Mr. Miller's spokesman, Stephen Sigmund, said, ''Speaker Miller makes policy decisions based on what's in the best interests of all New Yorkers, period.''
Mr. Thompson's spokesman said that Mr. Sheinkopf had never actually lobbied the office on behalf of Bear Stearns. ''Decisions in this office are made on the merits and on the basis of what is in the interest for the City of New York,'' said Eduardo Castell, deputy comptroller for external relations.
Still, many people inside and outside government express deep reservations about the merging roles. They say that helping elect someone, and then lobbying that official, so clearly presents the appearance of a conflict of interest that it will undermine public confidence in government. There also is concern that political officials are growing too dependent on this new breed of consultant, and more susceptible to their lobbying. Not only do consultants bring business clients to elected officials, they can introduce elected officials to deep-pocketed members of the business community.
''This nexus between the lobbyist, the government official and the corporation is a dangerous one, a kind of iron triangle,'' said Douglas Muzzio, a professor of public policy at Baruch College. ''They are not only influencing policy, which they are supposed to do as lobbyists, they are actually choosing the government officials who will then turn around and act on clients whose interests these people are representing.''
One elected state legislator, who spoke on condition of anonymity, complained of not being invited to a business reception in the legislator's own district because the lobbyist representing the business invited his own political clients instead.
''It makes you wonder whether you need to have a political consultant to get invited to events in your own district,'' the legislator said.


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While Lady Gaga calls the media attention she received following her 30-pound weight gain "f*cking ridiculous," Beth Ditto, whose body has been a central part of her celebrity ever since she first rose to fame as the lead singer for Gossip, has a different point of view entirely.
The radical musician covers the December/January issue of The Advocate and inside gives a candid interview about discovering her sexuality, overcoming a childhood rife with abuse and poverty, her new memoir Coal To Diamonds and, finally, how she feels about the media's persistent focus on her weight and size:
"'I think it's great. I feel like it's just like taking one for the team. I think it's really cool that there are people like Adele on the cover of Vogue and Rolling Stone, and like I think it's really important that people are talking about your body, because if they don't, then you'll never be able to break that barrier.' She says because of her and Adele, when a 200-pound girl wants to be a singer in a band 'it's going to be a lot fucking easier'…'I know [some musicians] are like, 'Oh, it's all about the music.' But I come from riot grrrl, where it's not just about the music, it's about the political message, and that's just as important as the music to me. I don't mind being a guinea pig.'"
It's a tough job, but somebody's gotta do it — and man are we glad it's someone as awesomely outspoken as Ditto.


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+myConnections: Engage your community - connect to news, events and information you care about. View more information...
View your community's facilities and features online with the new Facilities Module.
Personalize your online experience to stay up-to-date on news, events and other information.
Promote cycling fun in Northern Pinellas
2012-7-31T2:00 PMJuly 31, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
@ Safety Harbor Public Library
Ventriloquist, magician, and juggler Lowell Tauszik will entertain with his magical abilities and sleight of hand!


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Finchley Rd O2 Centre
The O2 Centre, NW3 6LU
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Monday – Saturday, 11.30am – 11pm
Sunday, 12pm – 10.30pm
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Our Finchley O2 restaurant is situated in the O2 Shopping Centre less than a 5 minutes' walk from Finchley Road Tube Station. Beautifully designed, including its' very own olive tree (inside the restaurant). And with an ideal location it's popular with cinema-goers, party revellers, families, and celebrities - what makes this restaurant so good is the delicious food and friendly service we make sure you receive every time you visit.Offers Gift


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250 nativities to be displayed at Atlanta churchFrom Staff Reports
For the 15th holiday season, the Episcopal Church of the Epiphany in Atlanta will present an exhibit of nativity scenes from around the world.
The exhibit starts Dec. 1 and ends Dec. 9. Over the years, the exhibit has grown to more than 250 crèches. From the elegant to the eccentric, the birth scenes are sculpted in materials ranging from carved wood to volcanic ash.
The two gospels, St. Matthew and St. Luke differ in the way they tell the birth stories. St. Matthew's gospel accentuates the history of the Old Testament people. St. Luke's gospel presents the story by using ordinary people who participate in the unfolding drama.
Each of these nativities is accompanied by scriptural quotes and hymn texts.
The rest of the birth scenes will be exhibited in Epiphany's parish hall. The Festival Singers of Atlanta will present a Christmas Program on Dec. 2 at 7:30 p.m. There will be a separate admission price for the concert.
The schedule is:
* Dec. 1/8, 10 a.m.-4 p.m.
* Dec. 2/9, 2-4 p.m.
* Dec. 5-7, 10 a.m. - 2 p.m.
* Dec. 7, 7-9 p.m.
Admission is $5 for adults and $4 for seniors and students. Children under 12 will be admitted free.


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« Springtime for Oncology |
| Drug versus Stock »
Posted by Derek
Speaking of cancer trials, I mentioned the other day how they tend to be smaller than those for many other diseases. But that doesn't mean that they're always easy to run, as a search for "clinical trial design oncology" will show. Note the number of people offering to help you out, via seminars, consulting visits, books, and entire journals devoted to the topic.
The problems start early. Patient recruitment is a big problem for many of the less common types of cancer, and it's getting to be a problem for the better-known ones, too. If you look at all the therapies that are being aimed at breast cancer, for example, and run the numbers, it looks like there aren't enough breast cancer patients in the US to fill out all the trials that would be needed. Cost is, of course, a big reason why a lot of clinical trial work is being done overseas these days, but access to a new pool of patients is a factor, too.
Which brings up another complication - do you want patients who've tried other drugs? That depends on where you're targeting your therapy. If you hope for it to be a first-line drug, you probably want patients that are newly diagnosed. There's a steady supply of those, but not everyone who's newly diagnosed is going to be willing to participate in a clinical trial, not when there might be more proven treatments available. The worst case is when you're looking for drug-naÔve patients with advanced types of cancer. That's feasible (in theory) for some of the ones that creep up on you (like colorectal cancer), but next to impossible for some others.
But if your drug is going to be a second-line therapy, then you should go ahead and see how it performs in patients who've already been through the first-line stuff. There is, unfortunately, a steady supply of those people, too, and they're often more willing to take a chance.
Your clinical trial design will also be influenced by the kind of cancer you're hoping to treat. If you're looking at a very specific type or two, as is the case with Novartis's Gleevec, you may have to cast the net pretty widely to round up enough people. (We'll ignore the fact, for now, that Gleevec sells a billion dollars a year, which means that a lot of people are getting it when it has very little chance of doing anything for them.) If you have a new mechanism that hits all kinds of cancer cells, then you may want to dip into all sorts of different patient populations to see if one of them looks like a good place to take your stand in later Phase II and III trials. The danger in doing that is that your patients may be such a mixed bag that you can't get good statistics on anything.
Ah, statistics. You'll have noticed that I'm referring to cancer patients as if they were so many terms in an equation, which from the standpoint of drug development is exactly what they are. That comes across, to those outside the medical and scientific areas, as a pretty cold way to talk. Guilty as charged - but keep this in mind: people who work for drug companies get cancer, too, as do our friends and relatives. And we're just as upset as anyone else when that happens. But without the icy numbers, and lots of them, we're not going to be able to do anything to help.
Comments (6)
+ TrackBacks (0) | Category: Cancer | Clinical Trials
1. TW on March 23, 2005 11:38 AM writes...
Your comments about cancer studies and enrollment issues makes me wonder about the overall economics and business challenges of developing new cancer treatments. Would you say that a number of companies developing cancer drugs simply want to file an NDA with the easiest indication they can get from a regulatory speed standpoint... which might be something for which they can win orphan drug status? A company picks a gnarly and untreatable indication (e.g. pancreatic cancer) and goes for a second line treatment like SuperGen has. I base this on the feeling that the idea of a rationally designed cancer treatment is pretty unlikely with today's technology, with successful molecules being more the product of luck or intuition than molecular design. FDA's risk/benefit analysis would let barely significant efficacy and pretty ugly safety profiles through since without some drug death is inevitable and comes quickly.
Then, once the company gets an approval to market, they let the oncology doctors do what they do and the revenue slowly builds like Gleevec. Anecdotal reports from desperate physicians and patients support/suggest more and more offbeat off-label uses. A friend who recently graduated medical school said the joke during his oncology rotations was, "Why do they nail down the lids on coffins? Answer: To keep the oncologists from trying one more dose of something."
The ethical discussion surrounding cancer treatments is about as complex as it gets. When do you stop trying something? When do you, as a patient, physician or managed care company, stop spending mega-bucks on increasingly unlikely chances of success? And how do you build a drug business around such uncertainties and conundrums?
2. Derek Lowe on March 23, 2005 1:19 PM writes...
That is *exactly* what happens. Companies pick the indication with the best intersection of likely clinical trial success and unmet medical need, in order to present the best possible package to the FDA. And it's assumed that physicians will prescribe nearly everything to nearly everyone.
As I've written before, though, this model isn't going to last forever, as we get a better handle on which drugs will actually work for which patients. But it certainly has some years left in it.
3. qetzal on March 23, 2005 7:22 PM writes...
I'd be interested to know how successful this strategy is on average.
Gleevec is probably an extreme case. Logically, given its design and supposed primary mechanism of action, it should only be useful for a handful of folks. In practice, the sales figures suggest it's being used far more broadly.
But Gleevec got a *lot* of attention, which probably drove the off-label much use higher than it might otherwise have been.
I agree it's often assumed that oncologists will try nearly everything on nearly everyone. Any idea how true that really is for the "average" oncology drug?
4. Derek Lowe on March 23, 2005 8:53 PM writes...
I remember reading an op-ed a couple of years ago, where the author spoke of losing his wife to brain cancer. He mentioned that the doctors had tried everything, even the (at the time) as-yet-unapproved Iressa. And I thought, if they'll give Iressa for that kind of tumor, they really will give anything to anyone. . .
5. Michael on March 25, 2005 8:14 AM writes...
I'm new to the clinical trials field. The first study out of school is an oncology study. While it's great to finally be paid for instead of graded on my work, I found that I was getting depressed coming home after seeing so many casebooks with "Death from study disease."
One thing that has helped, and this may seem like a wild tangent, was a performance by Robert Schimmel, a five-plus year survivor. His stand-up act usually ends with a tribute to all those who participated as subjects in trials, those who had the indication for which there was no proven therapy and chose to participate so that families in the future would be spared the greif of losing someone close to them. It really helps on the days when you review a book that the subject was younger than you but expired from the indication you're studying.
Like I said, this may seem like a wild tangent, but it's important to remember that human side of the subjects. They potentially put themselves in harm's way so that future generations may benefit. It makes it easier when you realize the sacrifice these people made for our children.
6. Scott S. on March 30, 2005 5:11 PM writes...
I've not heard of oncologists throwing any old drug at chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. There are a variety of drugs to use, of course, however, I only have heard of people using the standard repertoire.
The 'last-ditch' treatment is a bone marrow transplant, and since 40-50% of patients die from the treatment itself, that narrows down the supply of patients who could try something else.
With only about 30% of patients surviving, and generally given a long remission, there is little motivation to try anything else.
I suspect in many other cancers that are so acute they kill within months, there just isn't time to try off-beat treatments.
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X2Engine, Inc., a company that provides software and cloud hosting services for X2CRM, a next-generation open source sales management system, has rolled out X2CRM Version 2.8.
X2CRM is a sales and marketing application designed exclusively for companies that require a tightly focused customer information system. With a special emphasis on sales force speed and process optimization, according to officials, X2CRM is remarkably compact and easy to use, yet incredibly flexible and cost efficient.
The latest Version 2.8 boosts powerful sales and marketing functionality along with a Web 2.0 Speed Optimized User Interface, Web Activity Tracker, and Google (News - Alert) Analytics Integration.
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What happened next?
James Layfield worked as a barman while studying at Lincoln University. But what does he do now?
Want to run the show?
It's the long answer question on every job application form you'll ever fill in - so how exactly do you acquire leadership skills? Well, you don't need to have gone white-water rafting every weekend, or organised freshers' week. But there are plenty of ways in which students can get leadership qualities, from the traditional clubs and societies route, to some more diverse options.
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Sam Simon, 58, who is commercial director at the Preference Service - the UK's largest provider of comsumer preference data - offers career advice to Jolly Jiminez, 25, assistant accountant/credit controller.
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Web Content: Calculating Script Execution Times
Web Content Tips - Part 4: If we put attention at google search, we will see that google display execution time of searching and displaying what we search. We can do it with PHP's microtime() function to know how long the script takes:
<?php $start = (float) array_sum(explode(' ',microtime())); // put you code that wanted to render at here $end = (float) array_sum(explode(' ',microtime())); echo "Processing time: ". sprintf("%.4f", ($end-$start))." seconds"; ?>
PHP's microtime() return current UNIX timestamp in microseconds. We compare start and end. The difference between the two is the time taken for script execution.
Tag: web content, execution times Category: PHP Basic Post : April 28th 2008 Read: 2,791
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International Governance
International Governance
Recent Activity
Video, Audio
May 23, 2012
The launch of the Diaspora handbook and a joint panel discussion that explored the opportunities and challenges that governments face when developing strategies to engage diaspora populations.
Video, Audio
April 19, 2012
The Migration Policy Institute celebrated its first decade as the authoritative, unimpeachable resource on immigration and immigrant integration analysis and policy design in the United States and internationally.
Video, Audio
June 3, 2010
MPI report release with Dovelyn Rannveig Agunias, Luzviminda Padilla, Jeni Klugman, and Kathleen Newland, which examines the Philippines' large and sophisticated system of overseas labor deployment.
Video, Audio
April 22, 2010
'Securing Human Mobility' book release discussion with Susan Ginsburg, Michael German, Luis Rubio, and Donald M. Kerwin.
Video, Audio
February 7, 2014
This panel discussion offers perspectives on border policy management from leading officials in the Canadian, Mexican, and U.S. governments, and showcases the MPI book, "Managing Borders in an Increasingly Borderless World."
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November 22, 2013
UN Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees T. Alexander Aleinikoff joined Kathleen Newland for a discussion on the Syrian refugee and internally displaced population, now considered one of the biggest humanitarian emergencies in a generation.
Video, Audio
October 21, 2013
In this panel discussion, Morten Kjaerum, Director of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA), discussed the state of rights protection in Europe as well as his agency's role in this evolving arena, and speakers discussed shared challenges and opportunities on both sides of the Atlantic.
Video, Audio
May 6, 2013
Thinking Regionally to Compete Globally: A New View on Migration and Human Capital for the United States, Mexico, and Central America
A panel discussion on the release of the Regional Migration Study Group's final report, Thinking Regionally to Compete Globally: Leveraging Migration & Human Capital in the U.S., Mexico, and Central America, outlining its findings and offering recommendations to policymakers in the region.
April 25, 2013
This MPI event discussed the Dutch model for fighting human trafficking and the strategic and operational dilemmas that public prosecutors in the Netherlands face.


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RVCA products can only be shipped within the U.S.
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My new go-to sweater
By Stephanie
from Seattle, WA
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Comments about RVCA Buddy Sweater - Women's:
I bought this sweater thinking it would be perfect to lounge around in or to wear on colder nights. However, after styling it, I realized it's more than just a quirky sweater with horses on it. The loose fit is uber comfortable and pairs well with skinny jeans and a statement-piece necklace. So far I have only worn it around the office but I would definitely wear it out to dinner/date night, a casual day running errands, and to class and work. The acrylic is lightweight but won't keep you the absolute warmest. However, I prefer the lightweight feel over a bulky, woolly sweater anyways.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
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Star Trek: Into Darkness cast had secret bet running during Aussie premiere
- From: news.com.au
- April 24, 2013
THE cast of Star Trek: Into Darkness are not only amazing actors, they're also wordsmiths.
During an interview with news.com.au yesterday, it was discovered that director JJ Abrams and actors Zachary Quinto, Chris Pine and Karl Urban, who are in town for the movie premiere, had been trying to sneak particular words into interviews with media.
You know, just to keep things fun.
The awesome foursome put together a list of about 50 words, and crowned the person who could use the most words as the winner.
What are the words you ask? Well, the list included words such as "sausage", "mixtopia", "diseurythmic", "indefatigable" and "cornswaggle."
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hornswaggler Posted at 11:15 AM April 24, 2013
ummmm...... I think the word is HORNSWAGGLE not cornswaggle. lol
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d mitchell of syd Posted at 11:24 AM April 24, 2013
indefatigable. someone is reading the hornblower books!
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Technology. Chronology of Events in Science, Mathematics, and Technology. SpaceCollective. "We talk far too much.
We should talk less and draw more. I personally should like to renounce speech altogether and, like organic Nature, communicate everything I have to say in sketches. That fig tree, this little snake, the cocoon on my window sill quietly awaiting its future – all these are momentous signatures." A person able to decipher their meaning properly would soon be able to dispense with the written or the spoken word altogether. What the hell were we thinking? Sixty Symbols - Physics and Astronomy videos.
Chemistry. Physics. Biology.


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The nano-bio-chips are disposable and slotted like a credit card into a battery-powered analyser. A brush-biopsy sample is placed on the card and microfluidic circuits wash cells from the sample into the reaction chamber. The cells pass through mini-fluidic channels about the size of small veins and come in contact with "biomarkers" that react only with specific types of diseased cells. The machine uses two LEDs, or light-emitting diodes, to light up various regions of the cells and cell compartments. Healthy and diseased cells can be distinguished from one another by the way they glow in response to the LEDs.
The technology is also being considered for future research projects for diagnosis and management of heart attacks, diabetes and other diseases.
Professor Thornhill said: "This new affordable technology will significantly increase our ability to detect oral cancer in the future. Diagnosis currently involves removing a small piece of tissue from the mouth and sending it to a pathologist. This is typically done at a hospital, can take a week or more and involve extra visits for the patient. With the new technology, a brush would be used to painlessly remove a few cells from the lining of the mouth that would be analysed within minutes in the presence of the patient, so that the patient would know the result before leaving the clinic.
"This technology will make it easier for us to screen suspicious lesions in the mouth and separate non-cancerous lesions from those where there is a risk of cancer and those where cancer has already developed. We have just started to recruit patients to a study that is designed to ensure that the new technology is at least as good as the old met
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text: https://bbs.archlinux.org – Hello I'm trying to install nvidia driver. I have GEFORCE GT 520M GPU. The driver from Nvidia website I'm install like that:./Nvidia-Linux-x86_64-310.19.run -a --opengl-libdir=/usr/lib --force-tls=newwhen I'm launching an Xorg the "Device not found" error appears.I have insert BusId PCI:1:0:0 line in my xorg.conf and it's launched. But there no output to the screen (only black screen and cursor in top left corner).The nvidia-173xx driver from AUR tell me again "Device not found" and after I edit xorg.conf it tell me that device not support by this driver (HowTos)


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I am mapping research data on ~5-hectare plots on steep terrain. The lead scientist has pointed out that our lovely GPS data does a great job of putting our data on a map, but what he needs to know/see is the distance over the ground between our data points, the way a mouse or other ground animal would see the world.
I'm not sure how to approach this, as I have worked entirely in normal, bird's-eye mapping. I don't think GIS can unhook from real geographic locations and warp the data so that ground distances are shown. Is this correct?
My current idea is to use 3D Analyst to generate over-terrain distances between points using the best DEM-generated elevation data I can find, export that into... Excel? and do a basic grid of the research elements. I realize this is cartographically neanderthal, but I'm an extreme newbie. Does this make sense? Is there a better way to do this?
The tools we have in hand are GIS ArcInfo 9.3 and any free or very low-cost software that may help. Any advice or input would be gratefully accepted.
Carri Marschner
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Us Explains: Why Snooki Is Morphing Into Kim Kardashian!
Celebrity News Feb. 5, 2010 AT 6:24PM
What's on our minds at UsMagazine.com, anyway?
In this video shot at UsMagazine.com's headquarters in NYC, our editors give you an inside look -- with some snark! -- at some of this week's hottest, most compelling stories.
Celebs do the craziest things -- check out how in this slideshow
How Snooki's surprising make-under reminds us of a certain reality superstar...What to make of Lindsay Lohan's potential "hoarding" problem...What to expect next from Tiger Woods now that he may be leaving sex rehab...Cameron Diaz's amazing yoga bod...and much more.
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In a quick Q&A, a CNN.com doc answers a question about resolution of diabetes with weight loss surgery:
Does roux-en-Y gastric bypass cure diabetes?
Asked by Rick Shetron, Troy, New York
"60 Minutes" had a story several months ago about a type of weight-loss surgery that seemed to also cure type 2 diabetes in many people. Has more research been done on this? Do you need the full bypass of about one-third of the small intestine or just the duodenum and jejunum? My weight problem came about with/after diabetes, not before.
Expert answer
Hi, Rick. I'm not a surgeon, so to answer your question more thoroughly, I consulted with a very well-respected bariatric surgeon in San Francisco, John Rabkin, M.D. He explained that the roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB) improves type 2 diabetes via at least three different mechanisms:
1. The surgery decreases caloric intake immediately after the procedure because food intake is restricted by the small volume of the created stomach pouch, which holds only 1 ounce. The decrease in food intake, particularly refined carbohydrates, which are not well-tolerated after this procedure, can help stabilize blood sugar levels and immediately improves control of diabetes.
2. The significant amount of weight loss that results from the surgery improves insulin resistance over time.
3. There are changes in hormones and caloric processing because the food ingested bypasses the segment of the small intestine closest to where it attaches to the stomach (the duodenum and proximal jejunum), but not quite as much as you mentioned (not one-third of the small intestine). Because of the anatomical changes resulting from the surgery, it appears that these hormonal changes are greater than would be seen with weight loss via diet and exercise, but no research has yet to compare the two directly and evaluate hormonal changes.
The overall outcome is complete resolution of type 2 diabetes in greater than 70 percent of patients with diabetes before the procedure.
Unfortunately, as many RGB patients regain weight over time, the durability of the cure isn't as high as with a newer procedure called the duodenal switch.
In this procedure, there is a much larger pouch created (4 to 5 ounces), and the complete stomach anatomy is preserved, which helps preserve more normal stomach function. In this procedure, the rearrangement of the intestines leads not only to some restriction of food, but also causes your body to absorb significantly fewer calories, which has a more lasting effect.
Rabkin, a leader in this procedure, reports that he has had a 96 percent cure of type 2 diabetes at one year after surgery, which has persisted for five and 10 years post -op and seems to be similarly durable out past 15 years post-op.
Hope this helps. I strongly recommend spending a considerable amount of time with your surgeon if you are considering either of these procedures, as both have important lifestyle-related issues that should be discussed to determine the best procedure for you for the long term.
Answered by Dr. Melina Jampolis Physician Nutrition Specialist
Bout time this is really hitting the mainstream. I would take some exception with the assumption that all RNY'ers regain their weight, but many do. I get that. I only wish they had qualified this a bit better, but glad the DS got some mainstream attention.
Disclaimer – I got this from the OH Atlanta convention. Theresa from Bariatric Eating was handing these out, along with the Calcet creamy bites (which might be where I got mine, I'm not certain..) BE doesn't know I'm doing this review — in fact, I'm not certain Theresa knows who I am, and she certainly didn't know I was going to be blogging about the product when she handed it to me. Actually, neither did I. It took Beth several conversations over the course of the weekend to convince me to do so. So basically, again, no product endorsement was asked for, implied, or anything else.
Italian Cappuccino, is a Splenda-sweetened espresso latte, with 20 grams of protein, a blast of natural energy and a hint of caramel goodness.
You have never tasted anything quite as delicious as Believe, our new ready-to-drink sensation. Smooth and delicious coffee lattes filled with healing protein & natural energy – packed in premium glass bottles, they're a pleasure to sip.
Believe is perfect for a busy morning or afternoon break – these deliciously bold coffee protein beverages invigorate the body and mind with pure natural energy. Bliss in a bottle that's actually good for you!
We've infused the finest coffee with natural flavorings and 20 grams of protein, making Believe a smart alternative to skipping a meal or eating fast food. Enjoy a bottle either chilled or over ice; wherever you are it's pure perfection.
So I'll be honest — I opened this expecting it to be exactly like the Buxx drinks in the same containers. I'm not certain why, given that this is good for me and those, well, aren't. But my mind saw the bottle, the packaging and thought "mmm.. creamy coffee goodness.."
Well, not quite.
It's thinner, much much thinner. It's sweeter, to me, than the Buxx drinks, and this comes from an admitted Splenda whore. To me, it leaves an aftertaste — kind of a gritty aftertaste on my tongue, like a dry taste, but not horrible. This might just be me because I handed it to the hubs, who does not like diet anything and he said it tasted much like the Buxx drinks to him. So maybe my tongue may be broken, or overly-sensitive, or something else. It is nowhere near as strong as Click is, so if Click is too much for you but you like your coffee, then this might be a good alternative to try.
The statistics are really good for the drink:
So would I drink this again? Yes. In fact, since I have one in my fridge, I will be drinking it again. It's not as strong as the Click, which might be great for people who aren't into the massive espresso need like I am. It's definately something I would drink, and would consider buying again. And let's face it, the stats are super.
It may be on it's way…
Source: MSNBC
Scientists are starting to test a kind of sensor that changes color with rising blood sugar levels. The high-tech tattoo, which is about the size of the clicker on the end of a ballpoint pen, is made up of tiny spheres that are injected into the outermost layer of skin. These nanospheres contain a special kind of ink that reacts with glucose, explains the tattoo's inventor, Heather Clark, a biomedical engineer at Draper Laboratory in Cambridge, Mass.
What would be cool is if this could be used for those of us that are severely hypoglycemic rather than diabetic. Some of us don't even begin to get symptomatic until comatose levels — quite recently, I remember a reading of 28 on my glucometer — a number that would have many people unconscious and drooling on the floor. If I had this implantable mood ring of sorts, I could save myself some of the misery that I encounter at such low numbers and try to head off the hours it takes to gradually get those numbers normal without doing a massive yo-yo of reactive-ness (yes, I am now making up my own words).
A girl can dream, right?
FTC disclaimer — Yeah, they don't know I'm reviewing their product. I didn't get this free — unless you count stealing it from Sam's cabinet. Okay, so yeah, I got it free. But not from the company. And only because they are so very yummy.
Melting Mama had done a review on these suckers. She talked about how they were like little orgasms in tiny plastic containers. Okay, so I thought maybe they were good. I like Beth. I think she's the best thing since Prime Rib (hey, I got fat for a reason — I lurve me a good Prime Rib — medium rare, please). But calcium? Really? It can't be that good. There had to be a catch — something like the Upcal-D fiasco way-back when they were substituting some of the calcium with sugar to make it taste good and sweet-talking the labeling to make it look better than it was. So sure.. there had to be a catch. There was no way these were going to be that good and be that wonderful for us.
So at OH Atlanta, there were a number of tables that had these out. I think three or four. I don't remember where I grabbed mine from, to be honest, but I grabbed one for me, and one for Sam — who does not do mornings and was still in bed. Stacy also had grabbed one and we sat down for the opening ceremonies with Bo. Together, we started to pry the packaging open.. and yes, it's difficult. I wouldn't go as far as to say that we needed scissors, or a flame-thrower to get it open.. perhaps a knife would have been handy. But we got them open and popped that little bite into our mouths.
The flavor was wonderful. The texture was creamy. It was pure bliss in a tiny little flavorful package. And! And! And! it was calcium?! Really? This is good for us?
So Sam comes down and I plop this in front of her. She immediately thinks I'm trying to kill her (which is a normal occurrance), and after multiple assurances from others around her that it is not poison, she also tries it, and immediately buys two boxes (of which the pictured bite came from — so see FTC, I'm legal).
The taste is creamy.. I don't get the gritty taste that I do with many of the other calciums out on the market (later, folks — I couldn't help myself.. these had to come first). These have a smooth taste, a light lemony flavor without having an overtone of Pledge. And I saw that there is a chocolate flavor promised soon. I'm hopeful, of course, that the chocolate won't suck. But regardless, I could totally do my entire 2000mg of calcium from these alone if they weren't quite so pricey. At most places, they work out about 40 cents each, plus some shipping. But a treat, if you can limit yourself to just one — and yes they really are that good — would be worth it to me, and will be worth it. I have a list of things to buy when I get my credit card out and actually decide to do it. Probably next week. If I think I could leave them alone and only do 2000mg of calcium a day. Or do them 2 hours apart. Which actually might be difficult.
Oh, stats? These have them:
It's important to note these have some sugar and milk in them — so if you are seriously sensitive to sugar (3g) or milk, then be cautious when trying these (or buy them and send me any extras if they don't work for you). Yeah, yeah, yeah.. these have 40 calories in them — shock! But being 5 years out, calories are not evil for me. I know that my resting metabolic rate is somewhere around 1800 calories on a normal day.. 1500 if I sit on my butt on the internet all day. Even if I did eat 4 of these a day, I'm not going to kill myself with calcium. A box-worth? Mebbe.. but 4 a day.. no. If you're new postop, 4 might be hitting your caloric threshold, but not for me.
Final result? Yes, Andrea likes these. The problem is whether or not Andrea will leave them alone if they are in the house — they are very much like candy! Hey, at least I know my triggers.
I bring this up because RNY and DS'ers are more likely to become D deficient.. but the US as a whole is popping up deficient. Hubby, my skinny ass, non-rerouted gutted husband who drinks Mt. Dew all day husband, is D deficient. Point is — this is something we need to be adding to prenatal blood workups, postop or not. While many of my readers may not be currently pregnant, it can (and has) happened and should be noted as important. I mean, I'm living proof as I sit here watching my two little vikings color.
Directly from the Vitamin D Council's newsletter:
Pregnancy and Gestational Vitamin D Deficiency
In the last 3 years, an increasing amount of research suggests that some of the damage done by Vitamin D deficiency is done in-utero, while the fetus is developing. Much of that damage may be permanent, that is, it can not be fully reversed by taking Vitamin D after birth. This research indicates Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy endangers the mother's life and health, and is the origin for a host of future perils for the child, especially for the child's brain and immune system. Some of the damage done by maternal Vitamin D deficiency may not show up for 30 years. Let's start with the mother.
Incidence of Gestational Vitamin D Deficiency
Dr. Joyce Lee and her colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 40 pregnant women, the majority taking prenatal vitamins. Only two had blood levels >50 ng/mL and only three had levels >40 ng/mL. That is, 37 of 40 pregnant women had levels below 40 ng/mL, and the majority had levels below 20 ng/mL. More than 25% had levels below 10 ng/mL. Lee JM, Smith JR, Philipp BL, Chen TC, Mathieu J, Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency in a healthy group of mothers and newborn infants. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2007 Jan;46(1):42–4.
Dr. Lisa Bodnar, a prolific Vitamin D researcher, and her colleagues at the University of Pittsburg studied 400 pregnant Pennsylvania women; 63% had levels below 30 ng/mL and 44% of the black women in the study had levels below 15 ng/mL. Prenatal vitamins had little effect on the incidence of deficiency. Bodnar LM, Simhan HN, Powers RW, Frank MP, Cooperstein E, Roberts JM. High prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in black and white pregnant women residing in the northern United States and their neonates. J Nutr. 2007 Feb;137(2):447–52.
Dr. Dijkstra and colleagues studied 70 pregnant women in the Netherlands, none had levels above 40 ng/mL and 50% had levels below 10 ng/mL. Again, prenatal vitamins appeared to have little effect on 25(OH)D levels, as you might expect since prenatal vitamins only contain 400 IU of Vitamin D. Dijkstra SH, van Beek A, Janssen JW, de Vleeschouwer LH, Huysman WA, van den Akker EL. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in newborns of high-risk mothers. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2007 Apr 25.
Thus, more than 95% of pregnant women have 25(OH)D levels below 50 ng/mL, the level that may indicate chronic substrate starvation. That is, they are using up any Vitamin D they have very quickly and do not have enough to store for future use. Pretty scary.
Effects on the Mother
Caesarean section
The rate of Caesarean section in American women has increased from 5% in 1970 to 30% today. Dr. Anne Merewood and her colleagues at Boston University School of Medicine found women with levels below 15 ng/mL were four times more likely to have a Cesarean section than were women with higher levels. Among the few women with levels above 50 ng/mL, the Caesarean section rate was the same as it was in 1970, about 5%. Merewood A, Mehta SD, Chen TC, Bauchner H, Holick MF. Association between vitamin D deficiency and primary cesarean section. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Mar;94(3):940–5.
Preeclampsia is a common obstetrical condition in which hypertension is combined with excess protein in the urine. It greatly increases the risk of the mother developing eclampsia and then dying from a stroke. Dr. Lisa Bodnar and her colleagues found women with 25(OH)D levels less than 15 ng/mL had a five-fold (5 fold) increase in the risk of preeclampsia. Bodnar LM, Catov JM, Simhan HN, Holick MF, Powers RW, Roberts JM. Maternal vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of preeclampsia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Sep;92(9):3517–22.
Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes during pregnancy affects about 5% of all pregnant women, is increasing in incidence, and may have deleterious effects on the fetus. Dr. Cuilin Zhang and colleagues at the NIH found women with low 25(OH)D levels were almost 3 times more likely to develop diabetes during pregnancy. Zhang C, Qiu C, Hu FB, David RM, van Dam RM, Bralley A, Williams MA. Maternal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus. PLoS ONE. 2008;3(11):e3753.
Bacterial Vaginitis
Dr. Lisa Bodnar and her colleagues found pregnant women with the lowest 25(OH)D level are almost twice as likely to get a bacterial vaginal infection during their pregnancy. Bodnar LM, Krohn MA, Simhan HN. Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with Bacterial Vaginosis in the First Trimester of Pregnancy. J Nutr. 2009 Apr 8.
Effects on the child
Seventeen experts—many of them world-class experts—recently recommended:
"Until we have better information on doses of vitamin D that will reliably provide adequate blood levels of 25(OH)D without toxicity, treatment of vitamin D deficiency in otherwise healthy children should be individualized according to the numerous factors that affect 25(OH)D levels, such as body weight, percent body fat, skin melanin, latitude, season of the year, and sun exposure. The doses of sunshine or oral vitamin D3 used in healthy children should be designed to maintain 25(OH)D levels above 50 ng/mL. As a rule, in the absence of significant sun exposure, we believe that most healthy children need about 1,000 IU of vitamin D3 daily per 11 kg (25 lb) of body weight to obtain levels greater than 50 ng/mL. Some will need more, and others less. In our opinion, children with chronic illnesses such as autism, diabetes, and/or frequent infections should be supplemented with higher doses of sunshine or vitamin D3, doses adequate to maintain their 25(OH)D levels in the mid-normal of the reference range (65 ng/mL) — and should be so supplemented year-round (p. 868)." Cannell JJ, Vieth R, Willett W, Zasloff M, Hathcock JN, White JH, Tanumihardjo SA, Larson-Meyer DE, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Lamberg-Allardt CJ, Lappe JM, Norman AW, Zittermann A, Whiting SJ, Grant WB, Hollis BW, Giovannucci E. Cod liver oil, vitamin A toxicity, frequent respiratory infections, and the vitamin D deficiency epidemic. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2008 Nov;117(11):864–70.
That's right. Healthy children need about 1,000 IU per 25 pounds of body weight and their 25(OH)D levels should be >50 ng/mL, year-round.
Eight years before the above recommendations, Professor John McGrath of the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research theorized that maternal Vitamin D deficiency adversely "imprinted" the fetus, making infants more liable for a host of adult disorders. Research since that time has supported McGrath's theory. Consider, for a minute, what it must be like for John McGrath, to know that maternal Vitamin D deficiency is causing such widespread devastation, to know it could be so easily treated, but to also know he must wait the decades that will be required to deal with the problem. McGrath J. Does 'imprinting' with low prenatal vitamin D contribute to the risk of various adult disorders? Med Hypotheses. 2001 Mar;56(3):367–71.
Dr. Dennis Kinney and his colleagues at Harvard published a fascinating paper last month on the role of maternal Vitamin D deficiency in the development of schizophrenia, in support of Dr. McGrath's theory. As they point out, the role of inadequate Vitamin D during brain development appears to "overwhelm" other effects, explaining why schizophrenia has so many of the footprints of a maternal Vitamin D deficiency disorder, such as strong latitudinal variation, excess winter births, and skin color. Kinney DK, Teixeira P, Hsu D, Napoleon SC, Crowley DJ, Miller A, Hyman W, Huang E. Relation of schizophrenia prevalence to latitude, climate, fish consumption, infant mortality, and skin color: a role for prenatal vitamin d deficiency and infections? Schizophr Bull. 2009 May;35(3):582–95.
I will say not more, other than to point out that Scientific American ran a lengthy article last month on my autism theory but the editors insisted that the author not cite me, nor my paper, because I am "not a scientist." Gabrielle Glaser. What If Vitamin D Deficiency Is a Cause of Autism? 2009 April 24. Scientific American.
Mental Retardation
The only evidence that Vitamin D deficiency is a common cause of mental retardation is from researchers at the CDC who found mild mental retardation is twice as common among African Americans as whites, and that the politically correct explanation—socioeconomic factors—cannot explain it. If latitudinal studies of mild mental retardation exist, I am unable to locate them. Yeargin-Allsopp M, Drews CD, Decoufle P, Murphy CC. Mild mental retardation in black and white children in metropolitan Atlanta: a case-control study. Am J Public Health 1995;85(3):324–8. Drews CD, Yeargin-Allsopp M, Decoufle P, Murphy CC. Variation in the influence of selected sociodemographic risk factors for mental retardation. Am J Public Health 1995;85(3):329–34.
Of course, it is claimed you are a racist if you believe these studies. In fact, a number of writers have told me their editors will not allow writers to discuss these studies in their stories. I am glad these studies were conducted by researchers at the CDC. Although, I worry about their political longevity at the CDC after reporting such findings.
I will mention one other fact (at my peril) and that is the fact that a very smart man, President Barack Obama, was born in the late summer (August) and has a brain that developed in a womb covered in white skin, during the spring and summer, in the subtropics (Latitude 21 degrees North), during an age before sun-avoidance was the mantra (1961). Make what you want to of that fact. My point is that whites living at temperate latitudes may have a huge developmental advantage over blacks, an advantage that begins immediately after conception, an advantage that has nothing to do with innate genetic ability and everything to do with environment.
Newborn Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Newborn babies are vulnerable to infections in their lungs and women with the lowest 25(OH)D level during pregnancy were much more likely to have their newborn in the ICU being treated for lower respiratory tract infections. Drs. Walker and Modlin at UCLA recently presented reasons why viral pneumonia is probably only one of many pediatric Vitamin D deficient infections. Karatekin G, Kaya A, Salihoğlu O, Balci H, Nuhoğlu A. Association of subclinical vitamin D deficiency in newborns with acute lower respiratory infection and their mothers. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr;63(4):473–7. Walker VP, Modlin RL. The Vitamin D Connection to Pediatric Infections and Immune Function. Pediatr Res. 2009 Jan 28.
Birth weight
While conflicting results exist on the effects of maternal Vitamin D deficiency and birth weight, the majority of the studies find an effect. Furthermore, the studies are comparing women who have virtually no intake to women who have minuscule intakes. For example, women who ingested around 600 IU per day were more likely to have normal weight babies compared to women whose intake was less than 300 IU per day. One can only wonder what would happen if pregnant women had adequate intakes? Drs. Scholl and Chen, at the Department of Obstetrics at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, concluded pregnant women need 6,000 IU per day, not the 400 IU/day contained in prenatal vitamins. Scholl TO, Chen X. Vitamin D intake during pregnancy: association with maternal characteristics and infant birth weight. Early Hum Dev. 2009 Apr;85(4):231–4.
My old nemesis, cod liver oil, when given during pregnancy resulted in children who were three times less likely to develop juvenile diabetes before the age of 15. Of course, this was back when cod liver oil had meaningful amounts of Vitamin D (these Norwegian mothers were taking cod liver oil in the 1980s). Stene LC, Ulriksen J, Magnus P, Joner G. Use of cod liver oil during pregnancy associated with lower risk of Type I diabetes in the offspring. Diabetologia. 2000 Sep;43(9):1093–8.
Newborns frequently have seizures and those seizures are almost always due to low blood calcium. This problem is so common that many newborns are given a prophylactic injection of calcium. In 1978, researchers found such hypocalcemia can easily be prevented by giving Vitamin D. Sadly, standard treatment remains—not Vitamin D, but calcium and an analogue of activated Vitamin D. Such analogues do not correct Vitamin D deficiency. The fact that this was known in 1978 and has been routinely ignored by obstetricians since then should give you pause. Do not think science will solve the Vitamin D problem. Science simply points the way, activists must change the practice. Fleischman AR, Rosen JF, Nathenson G. 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol for early neonatal hypocalcemia. Occurrence in premature newborns. Am J Dis Child. 1978 Oct;132(10):973–7.
Heart Failure
Idiopathic infant heart failure is often fatal. Of course, idiopathic to whom? The uninformed cardiologists who do not recognize severe infantile Vitamin D deficiency? Luckily, for 16 infants, Dr. Maiya, Dr. Burch, and colleagues at the Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children are not among them. Maiya S, Sullivan I, Allgrove J, Yates R, Malone M, Brain C, Archer N, Mok Q, Daubeney P, Tulloh R, Burch M. Hypocalcaemia and vitamin D deficiency: an important, but preventable, cause of life-threatening infant heart failure. Heart. 2008 May;94(5):581–4.
Weak bones
Dr. Muhammad Javaid and colleagues at the University of Southampton found that children of Vitamin D deficient mothers were much more likely to have weak bones 9 years later. Dr. Adrian Sayers and Jonathan Tobias of the University of Bristol recently found the same thing when they looked at maternal sun-exposure. Javaid MK, Crozier SR, Harvey NC, Gale CR, Dennison EM, Boucher BJ, Arden NK, Godfrey KM, Cooper C; Princess Anne Hospital Study Group. Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and childhood bone mass at age 9 years: a longitudinal study. Lancet. 2006 Jan 7;367(9504):36–43. Sayers A, Tobias JH. Estimated maternal ultraviolet B exposure levels in pregnancy influence skeletal development of the child. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Mar;94(3):765–71.
Brain Tumors
John McGrath's group discovered that children with astrocytomas and ependymomas (brain tumors you do not want your child to have) were more likely to be born in the winter. Ko P, Eyles D, Burne T, Mackay-Sim A, McGrath JJ. Season of birth and risk of brain tumors in adults. Neurology. 2005 Apr 12;64(7):1317.
Three studies have found that epileptic patients are much more likely to be born in the winter. Dr. Marco Procopio of the Priory Hospital Hove in Sussex has written all three. Procopio M, Marriott PK, Davies RJ. Seasonality of birth in epilepsy: a Southern Hemisphere study. Seizure. 2006 Jan;15(1):17–21.
Craniotabes is softening of the skull bones that occurs in 1/3 of "normal" newborns. Recent evidence indicates it is yet another sign and sequela of maternal vitamin D deficiency. Yorifuji J, Yorifuji T, Tachibana K, Nagai S, Kawai M, Momoi T, Nagasaka H, Hatayama H, Nakahata T. Craniotabes in normal newborns: the earliest sign of subclinical vitamin D deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 May;93(5):1784–8.
Dr. Robert Schroth from the University of Manitoba reported that mothers of children who developed cavities at an early age had significantly lower vitamin D levels during pregnancy than those whose children were cavity-free. Megan Rauscher. Prenatal vitamin D linked to kids' dental health. 2009. Reuters.
The extant data here is conflicting. Two studies have found higher Vitamin D intakes during pregnancy decrease the risk of asthma in later childhood and one has found the opposite. The best review of the issue is by Drs. Augusto Litonjua and Scott Weiss, at Harvard, who conclude that the current epidemic of asthma among our children is related to both gestational and ongoing childhood vitamin D deficiency. Litonjua AA, Weiss ST. Is vitamin D deficiency to blame for the asthma epidemic? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Nov;120(5):1031–5.
Furthermore, a very recent study by Dr. John Brehm and the same Harvard group found low Vitamin D levels in asthmatic children were associated with hospitalization, medication use, and disease severity. Brehm JM, Celedón JC, Soto-Quiros ME, Avila L, Hunninghake GM, Forno E, Laskey D, Sylvia JS, Hollis BW, Weiss ST, Litonjua AA. Serum vitamin D levels and markers of severity of childhood asthma in Costa Rica. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 May 1;179(9):765–71.
In case you are wondering, black children are four times more likely than white children to be hospitalized or die from asthma. Akinbami LJ, Schoendorf KC. Trends in childhood asthma: prevalence, health care utilization, and mortality. Pediatrics. 2002 Aug;110(2 Pt 1):315–22.
My experience, both at the hospital and via my readers, is that asthma improves—albeit sometimes slowly—when adequate doses of Vitamin D are taken. However, Vitamin D does not appear to be a cure, like it is in some other conditions. I suspect children with asthma have suffered both gestational and ongoing childhood Vitamin D deficiency that probably altered, perhaps permanently, their immune system.
The Vitamin D Council's Effort
We recently ran a ¼ page announcement in OB/GYN News and the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (AJOG). Unfortunately, the editor of AJOG censored our announcement after its first month, but we were able to get the full, three-month run in OB/GYN News. We also sent a very similar email to 18,000 obstetricians in the United States. The total cost to the Vitamin D Council for this campaign was about $12,000.00.
The announcement simply pointed out that the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recently recommended that all pregnant women have a 25(OH)D blood test because Vitamin D is important for normal fetal development (p. 1145):
"Given the growing evidence that adequate maternal vitamin D status is essential during pregnancy, not only for maternal well-being but also for fetal development, health care professionals who provide obstetric care should consider assessing maternal vitamin D status by measuring the 25-OH-D concentrations of pregnant women. On an individual basis, a mother should be supplemented with adequate amounts of vitamin D3 to ensure that her 25-OH-D levels are in a sufficient range (>32 ng/mL). The knowledge that prenatal vitamins containing 400 IU of vitamin D3 have little effect on circulating maternal 25-OH-D concentrations, especially during the winter months, should be imparted to all health care professionals." Wagner CL, Greer FR; American Academy of Pediatrics Section on breastfeeding; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of rickets and vitamin D deficiency in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2008 Nov;122(5):1142–52.
As the AAP recommendation came from an official medical body, to medical malpractice attorneys it represents evidence of a "standard of care" for future lawsuits. We also reminded obstetricians that the statute of limitations on malpractice suits does not toll (begin) until the injured party recognizes the injury. That is, the parents of a 5-year-old child diagnosed with autism five years in the future may bring suit against that obstetrician for how the child was treated during his time in the uterus, citing the 2008 AAP's recommendation as a standard of care. Obstetricians are already burdened with lawsuits, but they could decrease the number of suits significantly if they would just take the time to learn about Vitamin D.
Finally, we used our last $12,000 to produce and run a television announcement in the Washington, D.C. TV market, entitled Pregnancy and Vitamin D.
What can you do?
Most people want to do good—at least some good—in their lives. The endless pursuit of the God-almighty dollar, better clothes, better houses and better vacations than your neighbors eventually leaves a hole in your soul. Here is an opportunity to fill it.
If you don't feel that soul hole, try a meditation I learned at Esalen Institute in the 1980s and have practiced ever since. Lie on the floor and pretend you are dead in your grave. Feel the worms, smell the rot, sense the finality. Then, when you really feel dead, visualize your gravestone above. What does it say? "Here lies Robert; he had a big fancy house." "Here lies Vanessa; she wore beautiful clothes and had four face lifts." Here lies Michael; he made a billion dollars." Through this meditation, I realized I want my gravestone to say, "Here lies John, he did something good."
One good thing you can do is simply tell every pregnant woman and women thinking of getting pregnant that she needs to take more Vitamin D, a lot more. Pregnant women need a minimum of 5,000 IU per day and even that dose will not achieve 25(OH)D levels of >50 ng/mL in all women. Why not buy a few bottles of 5,000 IU capsules and hand out the bottles to your pregnant friends? You can get 250 vitamin D capsules for 15 bucks. Or, forward this email to them. Show them our Pregnancy and Vitamin D public service announcement.
If you want to do more, why not get a copy of our Pregnancy and Vitamin D public service announcement by emailing our webmaster at firstname.lastname@example.com (the ad is not copyrighted) and then pay to run it on a TV station in your hometown? You can easily add a caption at the bottom saying this public service announcement is being sponsored by your company, combining a good deed with good business.
Alas, no glory will be yours, at least in this life. No woman will ever thank you for the schizophrenic child she never had, for the trips to the emergency room with a breathless child that she never made, for the repetitive moaning of the autistic child she never endured. Although, she may wonder why her pregnancy was so easy and why her infant is so healthy, alert, active, and smart.
John Jacob Cannell MD Executive Director


text:
Thursday Oct 20th, 2011 @ 9pm, The Telephone Game will play at the Historic Edina Landmark Theater as part of the Edina Film Festival. Director and members of the cast will be present for a Q & A after the film. After party will be at
Cocina Del Barrio, just a short walk away. See you there!
3911 West 50th Street, Edina, MN
(952) 920-8034
Cocina Del Barrio
5036 France Avenue South, Edina, MN


text:
Senseless Survey: Ketchup Butter, Grill Marks, And Petting Zoos
November 9, 2012 10:17 AM
Karlson and McKenzie
Listen weekday mornings from 5:30am-10am on 100.7 WZLX.Read More
How many questions can Kevin get through before the caller hangs up? Whose the guy who draws the grill marks onto the frozen dinners?Isn't every zoo a petting zoo if your not a scaredy cat? Would you buy a cook book from the cast of Here Comes Honey Boo Boo knowing it will contain the recipe for ketchup butter?