text:
It was in 1972 that the Nehru Centre was conceived by the late Shri Rajni Patel and others as a living memorial to the maker of modern India, who symbolized the ideals of enlightened curiosity, scientific temper, secular values, a world view and above all, a faith in the people of India. The foundation stone of this magnificient dream was laid by the late Smt. Indira Gandhi on November 2, 1972 on a six-acre plot leased by the Government of Maharashtra.
The Centre's first achievement was to provide the city with a planetarium. Inaugurated again, by the late Smt. Indira Gandhi on march 3, 1977, the Nehru Planetarium soon acquired a distinct identity on the map of Bombay. It has already presented 18 different sky theatre programmes and the 19th one is ready.
Show Timings: Daily English: 3 and 6 p.m. Marathi: 1.30 p.m. and Hindi: 4.30 p.m.
Open to all on Saturdays, Sundays and Public Holidays. Mondays Closed.
Students and group concessions available. For detail contact: 492-0510/492-0574
The construction of this unique building designed by Shri. I.M. Kadri, that breaks the monotony of Bombay's skyline, was ceremoniously started on November 14, 1973 and was completed in June 1986. Its architectural design symbolizes Nehru's vision of the step-by-step rise of modern India from a broad base of green revolution, through the progress made in different directions at varying levels. In its huge complex are housed an auditorium, the Discovery of India Exposition, exhibition halls, offices and restaurants.
The marble-panelled auditorium having marvellous acoustic effects, a capacity of almost 1000 seats and equipped with all the state-of-art facilities is one of its kind in the city. Since its inception, it has always remained a busy centre of cultural and intellectual life. (For details contact: 493-3340).
The Centre has a good library having more than 11000 books. Recently it has been declared open to the public as a reference library and quite a good number of students make use of the same. Moreover, a Data Cell, as a public service has also been introduced in collaboration with the Centre for Education and Documentation, Bombay. (For details contact: 492-0510).
The Nehru Centre has been holding seminars/group discussions etc., financing research projects and sponsoring outside exhibitions. However, since November 1990 a separate Cultural Wing has been started to boost up talent promoting activities. Since then performing art programmes and lecture-demonstrations pertaining to classical music are organised, apart from other activities including those for handicapped persons. (For details contact: 492-6742).
The most exciting and challeging project of the Centre is the Discovery of India Exposition, providing voyages into the past in order to understand the present. It is a continuance of Nehru's spirit of discovery. The concept was developed by the Nehru Centre with the co-operation of a number of experts and knowledgeable persons in various disciplines in the country. The visualisation and designing part was entrusted to the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad in November 1987.
The first phase of the Exposition comprising of six galleries etc., covering an area of about 5200 sq. mtr. was presented before invitees and journalists on November 14, 1989, as a part of the Nehru Centenary Celebrations. Over 7000 visitors, including foreign dignitories and tourists have so far seen the exhibition and paid high compliments.
The work of the second phase requiring an area of about 1600 sq. mtr. is in progress at the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad. To promote the objectives of the Exposition, research publications, extension services by way of slide talks etc., have also been planned and started.
On Friday November 1st 1991, the first phase of the Discovery of India Exposition was ceremoniously inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India Shri. P.V. Narasimha Rao.
The Discovery of India Exposition is open to the public between 2.00 p.m. and 5.30 p.m. daily except on government holidays. For details contact: 492-8086/492-7848.
Copyright © 1996, Arya Computers Pvt. Ltd.
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text:
A couple of days ago, we watched the lovely "St. Vincent." The film stars a spot-on Bill Murray as Vincent, an unemployed curmudgeon living alone in an otherwise tidy residential neighborhood. Disrepair has turned Vincent's...more
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text:
Portions of 11 roads in Hyannis and Osterville are slated for chip sealing this spring.
Bid documents on the town's Web site show that Arrowhead Drive, Checkerberry Road, Fawcett Lane, Ferndale Road, Princess Pine Road and Sea Street in Hyannis; and Swift Avenue, Old Mill Road, Bates Street and West Bay Road in Osterville will get new surfaces.
That work is typically done before Memorial Day and with advance notice to the affected roads.
Click HERE to subscribe to e-mail updates from barnstablepatriot.com.
CONTACT US | The Barnstable Patriot | 4 Ocean Street | P.O. Box 1208 | Hyannis, MA 02601 | 508-771-1427 | Copyright © 2015 Local Media Group, All Rights Reserved.


text:
Within minutes of the reopening of the Southern Oaks Library on Tuesday afternoon, Betty Best was on her way out the door with a book.
Best was one of the first customers to see the remodeled library after the ribbon-cutting ceremony. She lives across the street and had visited the branch at 6900 S Walker at least twice a week before it closed in May 2011.


text:
March 22, 2010
WASHINGTON, March 22, 2010--The head of The Heritage Foundation last night labeled the House-approved health bill a modern-day "Intolerable Act" and called for its repeal.
Edwin J. Feulner, president of the Washington, DC-based think tank, said the bill represented "a giant step toward creation of a European-style welfare state." Instead of empowering individuals, he noted, the trillion-dollar, 2,700 page bill empowers an "unelected bureaucracy [to}... determine the content of health benefits packages, including medical treatment and procedures, and how much will be paid for those services."
Feulner called the government-centered approach "alien to our national character" and predicted that opposition to the widely unpopular measure will only grow.
"The American people are never permanently thwarted," Feulner observed. This legislation "can and will be repealed," he added.
With more than 600,000 active donors, The Heritage Foundation is by far the nation's most widely supported think tank. Established in 1973, it develops conservative, market-based policy recommendations to solve today's most pressing national challenges.
[Note: Full text of Dr. Feulner's statement follows.]
Fellow Americans,
Late last night, in a narrow and partisan vote, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the most significant piece of social legislation in over seven decades. It did so in the face of overwhelming and principled opposition from the American people. Large majorities of Americans oppose this legislation because it offends the historic American dedication to the principle of self-government. They understand that this new law will accelerate Washington's intrusion into our most personal and private decisions.
This is why opposition to this bill will only grow. Supporters of this bill argue that popular hostility will recede upon its passage. But, rather than cementing our descent into a European-style welfare state, last night's passage of Obamacare is best seen as a historic turning point, a true catalyst for real change.
I write to reassure our supporters, the conservative movement, and the American people at large that The Heritage Foundation will do all within its power to keep this issue alive in the public square and make the intellectual case for the repeal of this act. We will bring all our resources to bear on behalf of those who believe America is and will always remain the Land of the Free.
This, rest assured, can be done. The American people are never permanently thwarted. President Obama's health care legislation can and will be repealed.
Those who supported this bill are our fellow Americans, and we do not question their good will or patriotism. In public policy, however, good intentions alone do not suffice. And let there be no mistake, our philosophical differences with supporters of this bill are profound. The reason government-run health care has been the holy grail of the left for decades is that liberals realize as much as we do that it is a giant step toward the creation of a European-style welfare state. This is an evolution Americans have always resisted because it is alien to our national character.
If there is one good thing about the past year--one in which we have witnessed unprecedented horse-trading, press stunts, midnight votes and political manipulation in both houses of the U.S. Congress--it is that the American people have come away educated as never before about the differences between these two visions for America. Americans are strongly opposed to this bill not because they have been hoodwinked but because they understand this bill both in its particulars and at an instinctive, gut level.
They understand this health care bill forces individuals and employers to buy insurance policies designed by government bureaucrats. This intrusion is intended to follow us from cradle to grave.
Instead of empowering families and individuals to make their own choices, Obamacare empowers the bureaucracy to make those decisions for them. It is this unelected bureaucracy, unanswerable to the electorate, that will determine the content of health benefits packages, including medical treatment and procedures, and how much will be paid for those services. Yesterday's legislation brings us one step closer to fully government-run medicine, with expanded government power over the financing and delivery of medical services that is sure to ration care in the name of cost control.
You will hear the left say this new entitlement will be popular with the American people. Do not believe them for a second. Yes, 32 million people will gain the theoretical right to health insurance. But over half of that coverage comes from placing at least 16 million more Americans into Medicaid, an unpopular and overextended welfare program that already rations care.
Americans will not stand for it. The American love for liberty prevailed in our founding, and will prevail once again.
In December of 1773, to protest unjust taxation, a group of American colonists dumped tea in Boston Harbor. The punishment for that first Tea Party was a series of intrusive laws passed by Parliament that were so oppressive that they could only be described as the "Intolerable Acts."
Obamacare is today's Intolerable Act. And just as the colonists banded together to enact change after those acts were passed, so should America respond to Obamacare. This law must be repealed.
Much of the fight against this bill will be led by the individual states, a process we encourage. All told, 33 states have already taken steps to challenge various aspects of Obamacare, including its unprecedented mandate that every American purchase health insurance or face a steep penalty for noncompliance. Four additional states will have this question on the ballot in November.
On Capitol Hill, the initial battle over Obamacare will occur when Congress considers whether to fund the tens of thousands of new federal bureaucrats necessary to implement the new law. In the tradition of the Hyde amendment, which prevented federal funding for abortions through annual limitations appended to appropriations bills, conservatives should look to the appropriations process as our first line of defense. Straightforward funding limitations would prevent any Administration official or any bureaucrat from implementing the law.
Our health care system requires reform, and we have long advocated measures to improve our system. We can and should strengthen the ability of American families to choose the coverage they want, rather than giving that power to Congress and its agency bureaucrats. We can also spur competition and choice to bring efficiency and lower costs to the health system, in place of the bill's deadening regulation and damaging price controls. And, above all, we should foster state innovation rather than Washington-based central planning.
But such reforms can only be considered once this tragedy of arrogance has been fully and completely repealed.
Fortunately, there are no permanent victories or defeats in Washington. For millions of Americans and for Heritage, Round One of this fight is over. Today, The Heritage Foundation is answering the bell for Round Two. Join our fight; become a part of our mission. Help us educate our lawmakers, as well as those who aspire to become tomorrow's lawmakers. Together we can make the persuasive case for repeal of this Intolerable Act and thereby return us to our American destiny.
Sincerely,Edwin J. Feulner, Ph.D., President, The Heritage Foundation
Heritage runs a full-service media relations shop, ready to assist reporters, editors and producers 365 days a year. Sign up for the Hot Sheet to get a daily digest of policy experts who can comment on the day's top news. To arrange an interview, call the Media Information Line at (202) 675-1761.
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The subscription is free and delivers you the latest conservative policy perspectives on the news each weekday--straight from Heritage experts.
The Morning Bell is your daily wake-up call offering a fresh, conservative analysis of the news.
More than 450,000 Americans rely on Heritage's Morning Bell to stay up to date on the policy battles that affect them.
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The Heritage Foundation is the nation's most broadly supported public policy research institute, with hundreds of thousands of individual, foundation and corporate donors. Heritage, founded in February 1973, has a staff of 275 and an annual expense budget of $82.4 million.
Our mission is to formulate and promote conservative public policies based on the principles of free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom, traditional American values, and a strong national defense. Read More
© 2015, The Heritage Foundation Conservative policy research since 1973


text: Food & Drink A new taco cart in downtown Portland isn't usually noteworthy, but this one is probably worth a mention: On Monday, North Portland locavore Mexican restaurant Trebol launched a new cart in Old Town called Costillas Diablas. Tucked away on NW 2nd and Everett, the small, one-man operation offers some incredibly competitively priced lunch fare compared with less sophisticated taquerias in the area. ... More


text:
60 Mill Road
Wakefield, Quebec
Canada, J0X 3G0
Telephone: (819) 459-1838
Toll free: (888) 567-1838
Fax: (819) 459-1697
A complete pedicure service with panoramic views of the waterfalls and river that includes herbal foot soak, exfoliation and massage with the addition of a paraffin application.
* All prices are in Canadian Dollars.
Start planning your getaway today. Click on the links below to discover other packages:
> Mid-week getaway for two
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> Romantic Spa Saturday Getaway for two
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> A Special Day for two
Home• Our Rooms• Fine Dining• Spa• Explore the Area• Meetings & Celebrations• Local Events Reservations• Gift Certificates• History• Media• News• Directions• Contact• Newsletter•Français


text:
- Northern New York Newspapers
- Watertown
- Ogdensburg
- Massena-Potsdam
- Lowville
- Carthage
- Malone
- NNY Business
- NNY Living
- NNY Ads
Glory Martel (right) of Ogdensburg recently donated a hockey sled, hockey sticks and a helmet to the Fort Drum Wounded Warriors Transition Units ice hockey program. Shown from left: Robert George of Philadelphia, a member of the WWTU Team, Coach Mark McKenna , James Reagen, Community Relations Director for State Senator Patty Ritchie, who helped facilitate the gift to the Wounded Warriors program and Martel. To donate to the Wounded Warriors program, contact McKenna at HYPERLINK mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com@twcny.rr.com or call him at (315) 854-0383. (Photo by Christopher Lenney)
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
You can continue on to this article in a few seconds, or you can visit one of our websites:


text:
Similarly, a recent study found morale among IT workers has dipped to an all-time low, even though demand for certain skills is rising.
There is some good news - hot growth spots for IT management and staff working in UNIX environments, as well as in business-to-business and supply chain management applications. More here.


text:
WEST SENECA, NY - For the second straight year students at West Elementary school have helped raise money for Roswell Park Cancer Institute.
Going Bald For Bucks was started by a Lake Shore school teacher more than ten years ago.
Today, the Bald For Bucks program has raised $1.6 million, and serves as a visual reminder of the critical research going on at Roswell Park.
West Seneca Schools have raised more than $93,000 so far this year.
Photojournalist Dooley O'Rourke was there as close to 60 students went Bald For Bucks.
Watch the story in the viewer above.


text:
Welcome! The Trek BBS is the number one place to chat about Star Trek with like-minded fans. Please login to see our full range of forums as well as the ability to send and receive private messages, track your favourite topics and of course join in the discussions.
If you are a new visitor, join us for free. If you are an existing member please login below. Note: for members who joined under our old messageboard system, please login with your display name not your login name.
|TV & Media Non-Trek television, movies, books, music, etc.
|Thread Tools
|May 26 2010, 02:58 AM
Location: Ouch! Forgotten already? You were just down there 20 minutes ago.
Favorite "Law & Order" moments
This exchange from Season 6's "Jeopardy" between a defendant & Jack McCoy was my sig-line until recently:
Peter Nicodos Jr.: "But I'm innocent. I didn't kill anybody!"
Jack McCoy: "You've already learned the Rikers Island theme song. Good for you."
I love Jack's smug sarcasm here. Plus, I kinda think that would be a good theme song.
Not really a moment, more of a performance: Ritchie Coster (who has played multiple murderers over the course of the series) as a soulless serial killer in the Season 14 premiere "Bodies." He freely admits to abducting, raping, & murdering over a dozen women but refuses to tell them where the bodies are buried so that the victims can be identified. His whole performance is very effective & skin crawling.
In another Season 14 episode, "Bounty," the sleazy-defense-attorney-of-the-week (TM) is using the "Affirmative Action made me do it" defense for his client. Jack's indignant response to the opening arguments is classic:
"Most defense attorneys at least have the courtesy to wait until closing arguments to try to confuse the jury with completely irrelevant and emotional facts!"
Then there's the Season 14 episode where a former Nazi war criminal is accused of murdering a Holocaust survivor. His sleazy-defense-attorney-of-the-week (William Atherton, better known for playing other sleazeballs in Die Hard & Ghostbusters) argues that he had no reason to kill her because the Holocaust never actually happened. Just the look on Jack's face is priceless!
I can't remember what episode this line is from, but I think it's somewhere in one of the early seasons. In fact, I'm not entirely sure if it was a Jack McCoy episode or a Ben Stone episode, that's how early it was. Still, I love the prosecutor's summation of the defendant's constantly changing story:
"I get it. She wasn't there, and if she was there, she didn't kill him, and if she did kill him, she didn't mean to, and if she did mean to, she had a good reason."
I think this simple exchange between Adam Schiff & Jack McCoy is from late Season 7:
Schiff: "Take the rest of the week off."
McCoy: "It's Friday, Adam."
Schiff: "So it is. See you Monday."
So what are some of your favorite moments?
Kegg: "You're a Trekkie. The capacity to quibble over the minutiae of space opera films is your birthright."
|May 27 2010, 06:09 PM
Fleet Captain
Location: Grottoes, VA
Re: Favorite "Law & Order" moments
|jack mccoy, law & order
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text:
Don Marsh, second from left, leaves the Federal Courthouse Friday February 15, 2013.
- Filed Under
The judge in the recently concluded Don Marsh civil trial wants lawyers from both sides to try to resolve remaining issues in the lawsuit against the retired grocery executive.
The two sides are scheduled to meet Monday morning in the federal courthouse in Indianapolis to "explore settlement in light of the completion of the jury trial," the court said.
A jury last month found Marsh liable for $2.2 million in fraud and breach of contract damages, payable to Marsh Supermarkets. ...


text:
Marketplace Activity
Community Inventory Summary
Market Pricing
Average Retail:
$126.28 Details
$126.28 Details
2010 Louis Jadot - Clos de Vougeot Pinot Noir - France - Burgundy - Cote de Nuits - Vougeot - Red - Grand Cru
France - Burgundy - Cote de Nuits - Vougeot
Pinot Noir - Grand Cru
Producer Notes
Maison Louis Jadot has been in the town of Beaune since 1859, and has a stellar reputation for producing wines of excellent value. Jadot's principles of vinification balance tradition and technology, and focus on the purest expression of the terroir. Jadot aims to cultivate its vines with consideration for the environment and the microbic life of the soils.
ScoreIWC ...


text:
The new definition is but one of many measures focused on the healthcare community that is needed to assure patients get state-of-the-art care. Beyond this there is much that people with epilepsy themselves can do to improve the care they receive, according to Mr. Hargis. "Many patients feel that what they experience from epilepsy and its treatment is 'as-good-as-it-gets'. A perception they may get from healthcare providers. Programs are needed to inform patients that there are solutions to their feelings of depression and the treatment of side effects they experience. And, one of the keys is better communication with their doctors."
A number of recent studies, including research supported by the Epilepsy Foundation, have found that mood disorders and drug toxicity affect quality of life of patients, more than the frequency or severity of their seizures. "Educational programs are needed that encourage healthcare providers to question patents and to offer appropriate remedial options for reducing co-morbidities and the impact of the disorder itself," Hargis says.
The heavy toll that undiagnosed, untreated and sub-optimally treated epilepsy imposes on the millions of people with epilepsy in the U.S. and around the globe has led the World Health Organization to raise the international campaign against the disorder to the highest leve
|SOURCE American Epilepsy Society
Copyright©2009 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


text:
- Infowars - http://www.infowars.com -
Obama Minions Sell Themselves into Slavery For Cheap
Posted By Adan On September 29, 2012 @ 8:42 am In Featured Stories,Old Infowars Posts Style,Tile | Comments Disabled
September 29, 2012
A video clip posted by the Drudge Report that has since gone viral which shows an Obama supporter semi-incoherently blathering about how she is voting for Obama because the government gave her a free phone tragically underscores how the state exploits dependency by offering poor people trinkets while simultaneously stealing their entire economic future.
Article printed from Infowars: http://www.infowars.com
URL to article: http://www.infowars.com/obama-minions-sell-themselves-into-cheap-slavery/
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2015 Infowars. All rights reserved.


text:
Discount Shorts - MensSave on Men's Discount Shorts at Proboardshop.com! Great selection of street gear at unbelievably low prices. Proboardshop has been selling Discount Shorts and outdoor gear for over 30 years and we're proud of it.
Please refine here More in the Main Store.
- Brand: Quiksilver
Quiksilver Everyday Horizontal 20in Amphibian Shorts
Size: 30, 32, 33, 34, 36Reg: $54.00 On Sale: $37.95
Quiksilver Everyday Solid Amphibian 21in ShortsReg: $49.50 On Sale: $34.95
Size: 32, 34, 36


text:
Tamar Braxton Announces Pregnancy
Tamar Braxton isn't one for keeping big secrets. During an appearance on 'Good Morning America' this morning, the 'Love and War' songstress announced her pregnancy.
Tamar Braxton isn't one for keeping big secrets. During an appearance on 'Good Morning America' this morning, the 'Love and War' songstress announced her pregnancy.
Well everyone is anticipating the return of the Braxton Family Values and we can't wait to see what it going to happen in the upcoming season. All of the sisters will return even Tamar who now has a pretty hot single on the charts. There is still to be plenty of drama to come, so you better get your anticipation wet with this sneak preview of the upcoming season starting on March 14th.
Well, Well, Well, Tamar Braxton has made a pretty big impact over the past week with her new release that dropped Love and War and it seems her and hubby Vince have been cooking up a little something else. Check her out with a performance on The Wendy Williams Show. Make sure you look at her closely for the alleged surprise!
Well after two years and having two different reality shows, Tamar Braxton is officially releasing her first single.com! The new joint is called Love And War and I have to admit, this is a very nice cut and should be something that the ladies will be singing for years to come.
Music legend Stevie Wonder, 62, is calling in quits on his 11-year marriage. According to reports he and his second wife fashion designer Kai Millard Morris have been separated since 2009.
Alright I have to admit, I am a big fan of Braxton Family Values on the WE Network. This has got to be one of the funniest reality shows on television right now. For those who have not necessarily been watching the show, it basically follows Toni Braxton and her sisters. While they are all attractive young ladies, they are equally all full of drama as well. Check out a clip from the show, where the sisters are auditioning for their first show together in 10 years!


text:
Tyler County Booster
During the upcoming Christmas holidays, residents will be shopping, loading and unloading gifts and getting ready for the season. Woodville Police Department cautions residents to be aware of your surroundings and take extra precaution. "Lock your vehicles, keep valuables in the trunk or at least out of sight," said police captain Mike McCulley. "It is also a good idea to change up your routine from time to time." Local merchants also need to be aware during the holidays to take measures to ensure stores are safe. "Make sure you have an employee with a direct visual of each of the exits and do not leave merchandise that is easy to grab near the exits," said McCulley. "It is also a good idea to take the time to actually see the customers identificaton when they are writing checks or using credit cards." McCulley also said most everyone appreciates ID's being checked because it protects everyone and although no one wants to feel "stalked" while shopping, it is okay for employees to be aware of the body language and demeanor of people in the store. "In Beaumont, reports have been made of "Flash Mobs" entering stores," said McCulley. "This is a group of people entering a business at the same time in an attempt to distract employees and steal merchandise. If a merchant has this happen and feels uncomfortable, please call the police department and we will drive by to check things out. We want this to be a safe and Merry Christmas for everyone."
Copyright 2011
Contact Us: email@example.com
Call us at - (936) 327-4357


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|27 Nov 1973
|Filing date
|20 Jan 1971
|Priority date
|20 Jan 1971
|Publication number
|E Lichtenstein
|Original Assignee
|E Lichtenstein
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (93), Classifications (14)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
[ Nov. 27, 1973 ANALOGUE FLUID FLOW PROGRAMMING Primary ExaminerFrank A. Spear, Jr.
STRUCTURES Attorney-Blum, Moscovitz, Friedman & Kaplan ABSTRACT [76] Inventor: Eric S. Lichtenstein, 24 E. 93rd St.,
New York, NY. 10028 A semi-automatic device for peroforming complex fluid processing procedures adapted to hemodialysis. The structure includes a disposable component formed by layers of transparent, flexible plastic sheets, sealed to each other according to a predetermined pattern defining between each pair flow paths and pockets which respectively form fluid passages and reservoirs. The structure also includes a permanent installation which is to receive the disposable component in order to form therewith a complete apparatus for automatically processing fluids, such as treating or [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS %e m hme c wwle am u N mn .la am fe o m e dt .wmms .mpym am t e a ed mmw h um Cwnfi 00 mi 21 .mmwm
m e am m dhwi X XXW 1 11 2 22 3 33 //2 0 00. l 11 2 22 Wu L m k a m m imam e .1 FUHKW 20 88 77766 99999 11111 Ill/l 29620 11 82246 87362 07766 22 0 ,R 33 33 17 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures 7; 5 ATTO R NEYS ll ANALOGUE FLU FLOW PROGMMING STRUCTURES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to fluid processing structures.
In particular, the present invention relates to structures used for testing or treating fluids as by determining predetermined characteristics of the fluids or by changing the characteristics of me fluids. In the case of human blood, for example, various tests may be carried out in order to determine the characteristics of the blood, and/or certain treatment maybe made in order to change the characteristics of the blood.
At the present time systems of this type require the services of highly skilled personnel such as physicians nurses, and technicians of many different types. The processes involved are fairly complex. It may be necessary to carry out many different procedures on a fluid such as human blood during complex treatments such as hemodialysis. Accomplighing this with conventional processes this becomes extremely expensive and time consuming. This cost, further aggravated by the unavailability of skilled personnel even when funds are available, often makes therapy unavailable to patients requiring it for maintenance of their lives or well being. The equipment required for the above purposes is exceedingly delicate and expensive. A considerable amount of training is required for proper operation of such equipment and for proper evaluation of various tests of its effectiveness. This device, embodied exemplifying almost complete integration of the procedures of hemodialysis into an automatic system, is suitable for mass-production and distribution. Similarly designed systems could apply to automated monitoring and therapy of shock, or diabetic keto-acidosis, and other situations frequently encountered is specialized, hospital intensive care units. They would significantly improve care in these situations by altering the balance of personnel time between performance of required procedures and decision-making based upon repeated evaluation of the results of therapy. Pertinent information could be made rapidly and continuously available. Anticipated therapeutic alternatives could be rapidly instituted. Automated medical systems could also extend emergency capabilities, for example, providing therapy for cardiac arrest with rapidly available cardiopulmonary bypass. With present methods the costs of these diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities are prohibitive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is accordingly a primary object of the present invention to provide fluid processing structures which will avoid the above drawbacks, to improve the efficiency of existing medical facilities, and'provide extension of servies to additional patients at reduced cost.
In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid processing structure which can be automated and computerized to the extent that all the desired test and other operations of a particular procedure can be carried out by an extremely small number of operators who need not be particularly skilled.
Another object of the present invention is to provide, for systems of this type, a permanent installation which includes the relatively expensive controls, and a disposable component, containing the active principles of the procedure in a spatially ordered configuration which can be manufactured at an extremely low cost, to be used in conjunction with the permanent installation in order to carry out the required fluid processing operations.
Another object of the disposable component is to anticipate the logical relationships of, and provide the fluid flows required for performing the desired procedures, including sequences of flows, proportioning of predetermined mixtures, and other such necessary functions, within the patterns of flow paths and reservoirs formed by seals between adjacent layers of plastic sheets.
Also, it is an object of the invention to provide a disposable component with sterile packaging, where necessary, and sealed functional construction, whereever possible.
The unit is keyed to interact in the prescribed manner with the external hardward, the operative components consisting of various non-invasive value and pump mechanisms.
' This construction reduces preparation time and complexity. It anticipates the steps in preparation for a procedure in the integrated design and automated sequences of function.
Also, it is an object of the invention to improve safety of the procedures especially when directly involving patients therapy. Standardization of design and functions will prevent accidents of omission, minimizing possible patient errors, and with appropriate monitoring, control for intrinsic malfunctions. The sealed construction, and materials used, will provide insulation against electrical hazards.
A further object of the invention is to include in the disposable component as many functional control systems as can be compatible with low cost, affording a reduction to a minimum the size, expense and complexity of the permanent installation required.
In particular,.it is an object of the invention to provide a disposable component which can be used with a permanent installation in such a way that relatively complex tests and other treatment or processing can be carried out in a purely automatic manner giving readings and the like which can be used with logic systems of computers in order to determine, with a high degree of accuracy and at relatively low cost, the information required in connection with the fluid which is processed.
According to the invention the structure includes a permanent installation and a disposable component to be used therewith. The permanent installation includes a wall having a front face formed with a predetermined pattern of grooves, recesses, and when necessary inlet and outlet connections. An access door is located adjacent the front face of the wall to hold a disposable component between these rigid structures. The disposable component includes at least a pair of transparent, flexible plastic sheets which are sealed to each other according to a predetermined pattern which will define between the sheets predetermined fluid passages and pockets providing predetermined flow paths and reservoirs, respectively, for the fluid which is to be processed, and containing the constituents of the procedure that will be consumed, contaminated or otherwise rendered ineffective for repeated use. These passages and reservoirs will register with the grooves and recesses of the wall of the permanent installation. This latter installation will have controls in the form of valves, photocells, pumping units, electrical contacts, and the like, coacting with the transparent sheets in order to control the flow of the fluids, perform designated tests, as well as provide predetermined treatment thereof. There may be inlets and outlets, where necessary, to perform transportations of aliquots of fluid automatically removed from the disposable components fluid flow flow programming, or to inject functionally active fluids in any of the preprogrammed layers of the disposable component.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front elevation illustrating the manner in which the invention is applied to a hemodialysis system;
FIG. 2 is a front elevation of the wall of the permanent installation, FIG. 2 also schematically illustrating the control unit and fragmentarily showing access door in an open position; and
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional plan view, taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1, in the direction of the arrows, and showing in section, part of the walls of the permanent installation and part of the disposable component situated therebetween, FIG. 3 also showing one type of interface with various valves and pressure-sensing devices, as well as part of a pumping means.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the drawings, the invention is shown as applied to a hemodialysis system, but it is to be understood that the principles of the invention are of general applicability to all types of systems where relatively complex manipulations of fluids are required.
Referring to FIG. 1, there is schematically represented therein a hemodialysis system which includes a permanent installation 12 and a disposable component 14.
The permanent installation 12 of the system 10 includes a pair of lateral stands 16 which serve to carry the entire system on a balance apparatus (not shown) and functionally contained in the permanent installation 12. To the left of rear control wall 18 (FIG. 3) the installation 12 includes a control unit 20. This control unit has various operating buttons 22 and 24 whichcan be used to transmit suitable electrical signals for selecting a predetermined operation. The entire system is connected to a suitable source of electrical energy through the cord 25 which has the grounded plug 26 which can be inserted into any suitable wall outlet. The assembly also includes devices for transmitting signals to a computer so that the various items of information can be automatically obtained and processed. If desired the computer structure may itself be housed within and form part of the unit 20.
As may be seen from FIG. 3, the rear control wall 18 is formed at its front surface, which is visible in FIG. 2, with various recesses 28 and grooves 30 defining a predetermined pattern of the recesses and grooves for a purpose referred to below. Also, the rear wall 18 carries at a pair of the recesses 28 suitable pumping devices 32 communicating with the interior of the recesses and acting to pump fluids in a manner described in greater detail below. The illustrated structure also includes various control and detecting devices such as the schematically represented valves 34 and photocells of conductivity detectors 36.
At its right end the rear wall 18 is connected by a hinge 38 with the front wall 40 which is transparent, preferably being made of any suitable clear plastic, with a pattern of grooves and recesses corresponding to those of the control wall. At its end which is distant from the hinge 38 the front wall 40 carries a suitable latch or releasable lock device capable of coacting with a catch 42 for releasably holding the transparent front wall 40 in its closed position adjacent the front surface of the rear wall 18 which is visible in FIG. 2. When the front wall 40 is in its closed position it serves to retain between the wall 40 and the wall 18 a disposable component 14.
The rear wall 18 also carries a pair of vertical bars 44 respectively terminating at their top ends in eyes 46.
The disposable component 14 is made up of layers of transparent flexible sheets which are sealed to each other according to a predetermined pattern. For example in the hemodialysis system to be described, a pair of these sheets 62 may be made of a clear plastic such as polyethylene, although other suitable plastics may be used. The pattern according to which these sheets are sealed to each other will create fluid passages 48 and pockets 50 which define flow paths and reservoirs, within the disposable component for the fluid which is to be processed and to contain necessary reagents or active principles of the process or procedure.
A mounting means is provided for mounting the disposable component 14 on the permanent installation. This mounting means in the illustrated example takes the form of a rod 52 which extends through an openended tube 54 which is defined along the top edge of the component 14 by the sealing of the sheets thereof to each other. Thus with the rod 52 extending through the tube 54 the entire disposable component 14 can be mounted on the permanent installation 12 simply by placing the ends of the rod 52 in the eyes 46.
The pattern of sealing of the plastic sheets to each other to form the disposable component 14 is such that the component 14 will have fluid passages and pockets which register with the grooves and recesses visible in FIG. 2. In addition it is to be noted that the area of sheets which form the disposable component 14 is substantially greater than the area of the front surface of the rear wall 18 so that these sheets of the component 14 extend a considerable distance above and below the walls of the permanent installation 12. At these areas above and below the walls, the disposable component 14 has additional pockets and passages as well as connections for fluid-supply and discharge lines, as referred to in greater detail below.
Referring to FIG. 2, it will be seen that the rear control wall 18 carries at its rear surface a housing 56 in which are housed various actuating and sensing units with suitable interfaces or connections incorporated in the structure of the control wall 18. For example the photocell units 36 actuated by the light which passes from a source in the control wall, through the disposable component 14, to be reflected by mirrored surfaces on the inside of the door to activate a photo detector on the control wall. These are connected in electrical circuits enabling the photocell units 36 to detect significant air or fluid levels in the fluid flowing within the pathways of the disposable component. The housing 56 also contains suitable solenoids, or motors capable of displacing armatures 58 which form valve plungers. As is apparent from FIG. 3 the disposable component 14 is composed of transparent plastic sheets se and 62 which are sealed to each other at their interface 64 so as to define between themselves the passages such as the passage 66 indicated in FIG. 3. The sheets which form the disposable component I4 also may be provided with openings through which locating pins 68 pass for providing a precise positioning of the disposable component on the permanent installation. It is furthermore to be noted that the front wall 40 is provided at its rear surface with recesses and grooves matching those at the front surface of the rear wall so that the disposable component I4 is precisely positioned between the walls of the permanent installation in the manner illustrated in FIG. 3. The various solenoid motors, or the like housed within the housing 56 are designed to be actuated in appropriate sequences by the electrical circuits activated by the operating buttons 22 and 24, with the result that a plunger such as the plunger 58 of FIG. 3 can be advanced to the position shown in FIG. 3 for closing a fluid passage. When this plunger 58 is retracted then the passage will be opened. In this way suitable valve controls are provided for determining the pathway and timing of the fluid flows. A second plunger 6% is shown in its retracted position maintaining the passage 66 open. Additional active surfaces along the functional grooves of the control wall 18, such as the plunger 70 shown in FIG. 3 may through suitable transducers detect pressure changes in the fluids within flow paths or reservoirs, to provide information for automatic operation. Furthermore, it is possible to incorporate elements, such as thermocouples, responsive to temperature changes, and contact points with conductive properties for electrical measurements. Appropriate interface manifolds incorporated in the disposable component will allow spectrophotometric measurements to be obtained, or access to the internal flow passage for inlet or outlet of fluids.
At other points along the grooves channels in the control wall I8 pumping means are incorporated, as designated by 32 in FIG. 2, shown in cross section in FIG. 3. This pumping can be provided by any suitable means for creating localized pressure differentials, as for example endless chains 72 driven from any suitable motor and supported by suitable sprockets 74 so that pumping rollers "76 will be advanced one after the other across the length of a pocket defined between the sheets, such as the pocket 86 which is fragmentarily illustrated in FIG. 3. The result is that each pumping roller 76 will push a quantity of fluid ahead and suck a quantity of fluid behind itself, thus bringing about a pumping action according to which fluid will be pumped from the left toward the right, as viewed in FIG. 3, with respect to the pocket or reservoir 8th, in accordance with the desired flow characteristics of the particular circuit involved. Or this pumping means may be provided by external fluid pumping to provide alternately increasing or decreasing pressures of fluid contained in a pumping pocket, sealed except for inletoutlet connections, in layers of plastic sheets outside the layers providing the primary passages and reservoirs, in a multiple layer configuration. Confined within the recesses of the control wall and door, introductions of fluid under pressure into these pumping means will transmit this pressure to the inner fluid volume, forcing it to exit via the passages open to it. These exit passages can be similarly controlled by higher pressure, nonparallel intersecting fluid flow circuits forming valves, to provide unidirectional flow. The introduction of proportional resistances in such pressure regulates flow paths can, in addition to reservoir and passage dimensions, provide volumetric controls.
Considering now the specific hemodialysis system which is shown in the drawings, the sheets which form the disposable component 14 define between themselves a pair of passages I2 and I terminating at their left ends, as viewed in FIG. I, in connections I06 and I08, respectively, adapted to be connected with suitable liquid-supply lines. Thus, at this part the sheets may have suitable rigid plastic connecting valves for example, inserted into the open ends of the passages I02 and MM sealed to the sheets so as to form a fluid-tight connection. Flexible tubes may be attached to the valve connectors I06 and 10% so that sources of water can be connected with the passages M92 and I04. These sources of water may be distilled or tap water, for example, or from hot and cold sources. It will be noted from FIG. 2 that the lower portions of the passages I02 and I04 register with grooves III and I12, respectively, provided with valves I114 and I16 so that in this way the source or temperature of liquid can be regulated. The supplied liquid will flow along the passage M8, part of which registers with the groove 120 into the water purification reservoir I22 formed by one of the pockets S0 defined between the sheets. This reservoir 122 communicates through the passage I24, which registers with the groove 1126 into a reservoir 128 which forms a water reservoir and which registers with the recess I30, at the lower portion of the reservoir I28. At this part of the apparatus there is one of the photocell conductivity detectors 1% to transmit a signal givinginformation with respect to the level or quantity water in the reservoir I2$. The water purification carried out in the reservoir I22 will be performed by enclosing within the reservoir I22 before the sheets are sealed to each other a device containing filters and suitable chemicals adapted to the particular nature of the water supplied so as to sterilize and deionize the water, and provided with characteristics suitable for the purpose intended. The reservoir I28 communicates through a passage I32 with a reservoir I34 registering with one of the recesses 28 and adapted to contain a saline concentrate. The admission of the saline concentrate, contained in poclred I34 FIG. I to the water from reservoir I28 is controlled by coaction of a value I36 and the internal structure of the disposable components proportioning resistances to create uniform mixtures, as will be described below.
Through this value the reservoir I28 will communicate with a passage Milli leading to a saline reservoir I42 situated above the walls of the permanent installation and communicating with an air trap 144 which in turn communicates through a passage 1% with an air pressure monitor pocket I413 registering with the recess 15th. An active surface such as the plunger shown in FIG. 3 will sense the pressure contained within the system reservoir Me at the recess use. It will be noted that part of the passage we registers with the groove I52.
The reservoir I26, at its location above the permanent installation communicates through a suitable passage with a second air trap I54l defined between the sheets of the disposable component I4 and communicating through the passage 156, also defined between the sealed sheets, with the air pressure monitor pocket 148. Through the combination of these air traps, photocell-conductivity fluid level detectors 36, and fluid pressure sensitive devices in the control wall recesses, adequate levels of liquid can be maintained to supply the functional requirements of the various circuits, while avoiding the danger of introducing air bubbles into the fluid circulations.
From the passage 132 purified water flows under hydrostatic pressure into passage 140 and reservoir 142, and by gravity into a passage 158 registering with the groove 160. Valves 136 and 164 control the delivery of the purified water to either saline 140, or dialysate 158, circuits. Valve 164 coacts with the internal resistance adjustment and predetermined volume of the disposable component to proportion the mixture of purified water from reservoir 128 and dialysate concentrate from reservoir 166, under controlled pressure within recess 168, to form dialysate.
Passage 158 then communicates through the three passages 170, 172, 174, with the dialysate reservoirs 176 and 178. These passages 170, 172, and 174, respectively register with the grooves 180, 182, and 184, which are controlled by the valves 186, 188, and 190, so that in this way the control of the flow through the various passages 170, 172, and 174 can be regulated to determine the flow of the dialysate, as it is formed, alternately into the dialysate reservoirs 176 and 178.
It will be noted that through the passages 172 and 174 the flow can be controlled to-the reservoirs 176 and 178 while through the passage 170 it is possible to provide for direct flow of the liquid in this circulation to a waste reservoir 192 in the form of a pocket defined between the sheets of the disposable component 14. This waste reservoir 192 has at its left end, as viewed in FIG. 1, a value 194 through which the contents may be drained.
From the dialysate reservoirs 176 and 178 the liquid can flow through the passages 192 and 194 into a common passage 196 leading into a dialyzer 198. It will be noted that the dialyzer 198 can be a standard device contained between the sheets of disposable component 14 beneath the wall of the permanent installation. The passages 192 and 194 respectively register with the grooves 200 and 202. These grooves are respectively provided with control valves 204 and 206. The recesses 208 and 210 respectively register in part with the dialysate reservoirs 176 and 178 and they are provided with heating element surfaces 212 and 214 as well as photocell-conductivity detectors 36 and thermocouples capable of detecting the nature and level of the dialysate in the reservoirs 176 and 178. In accordance with the characteristics detected in this way and the programming of the permanent installations to alternately fill and empty dialysate reservoirs one or the other of the valves 204 and 206 will be opened to admit the dialysate into the dialyzer 198. In the dialyzer the blood from the patient will be treated in a standard manner by dialysis and ultrafiltration across a suitable membrane. Such a membrane is incorporated into the dialyzer 198. The dialysate will be pumped by the upper pump means 32 at the pumping pocket 216 received in the pumping recess 28, so that this liquid will be pumped through the passage 158 back into the empty dialysate reservoir 176 or 178 thus achieving recirculation if desired, or to waste. Between the dialyzer 198 and the pump reservoir 216 is a passage 220 which communicates through a pocket 222 with the pump reservoir 216. At this pocket 222 is the recess 224 of the rear wall 18, and at this recess is located a suitable standard hemoglobin detector carried by the rear housing 56.
A dialysate purification reservior 226 is defined between the sheets of the disposable component 14 and registers with the recess 228 shown in FIG. 2. The rear wall carries at the connection between the recess 228 and the recess 224 the valves 230 and 232 so that in this way the flow from the dialysate purification pocket along the recirculating passage 234 can be regulated. This passage 234 registers with the groove 236 shown in FIG. 2, and it will be noted that an additional valve 238 is provided to control the flow through the passage 234.
Thus, through control of the operation of the valves 232 and 238, with suitable settings of the operating buttons at the control panel 20, it is possible to circulate the dialysate through the dialysate purification reservoir 226, containing suitable exchange and binding resins, chemicals and reagents to regenerate used dialysate. These components of the procedure, as well as all the others such as saline and dialysate concentrates, and the reagents necessary for appropriate chemical anaylsis within the sealed analyzer unit 276, are situated at locations destined to form pockets or reservoirs according to the predesigned patterns and flows and fluid manipulations necessary to perform the selected procedure, preliminary to sealing the flexible plastic sheets to each other to form the disposable component.
All of the above detailed description in connection with the specific example of a hemodialysis system relates to the features which are used in connection with obtaining and circulating of dialysate. It is of course also required to provide an extracorporeal circuit and suitable safety monitoring, for the blood of the patient so that the blood can pass through the dialyzer for treatment, and then be returned to the patient. For this purpose the sheets which form the component 14 are heated sealed to define a passage 240 formed with an inlet connection to receive the flexible line 242 which is connected in standard ways with the blood system of the patient in the manner shown schematically in FIG. 1. In this way blood from the patient will enter into the hemodialysis system. The lower pump means 32 which has the pumping rollers 76 moving horizontally from the left toward the right, as viewed in FIGS. 2 and 3, communicates with the passage 240 through a passage 243 defined between the sheets due to the sealing thereof. These passages 240 and 242 respectively register with the vertical and horizontal grooves 244 and 246 formed in front surface of the rear wall 18, as shown in FIG. 2.
The saline reservoir 142 communicates with the passage 243 to allow saline priming of the extracorporeal circuit, through a vertically extending passage 248 which registers with the vertical groove 250 fonned in the front surface of the rear wall 18. Thus, the blood will be pumped into the passage 252 formed between the sheets of disposable component 14, and in this way the blood will reach the dialyzer 198. This passage 252 which receives the blood registers in part with a groove 254 provided with an enlarged recess portion 256 where a blood pump pressure monitor is mounted within the housing 56 so as to detect the pressure of the blood pumped by the lower pump means 32.
The pumped blood will thus flow through the dialyzer 198 in countercurrent to the dialysate, with the processing taking place through a suitable membrane within the dialyzer 198, as is well known, and then the blood will reach the dialyzer outlet passage 258 defined between the sheets of disposable component 14 through the sealing pattern. This passage 258 communicates with a reservoir 260 formed by a pocket defined between the sealed sheets, and this reservoir will register with the recess 262 formed in the front surface of the rear wall 18. The upper part of the passage 258 will register with the groove 264. The reservoir 260 forms on the one hand a bubble trap and on the other hand a blood return line monitor. For this purpose there are a pair of photocells and electrical conductivity detectors 26b and 268 carried by the rear housing 56 and communicating with the interior of the recess 262 so that the level of the blood returning to the patient in the reservoir 26th can be detected, thus preventing air embolism from occurring. The pressure of returning blood is monitored by detector 300. From the blood monitoring reservoir 264) the blood returns to the patient through a passage 270 defined between the sheets of the component 14 and placed in communication with a flexible line 272 which again is connected with the patient, as shown schematically in H6. 1.
However, part of the blood may be delivered through a passage 274 into a blood analyzer 276 defined between the sheets. The passage 274 registers with a groove 278 in the front surface of the rear wall 18, and at this point there is a valve 280 which can be controlled from the panel 2@ so as to regulate the flow of blood into the analyzer portion of the disposable component 2'76 which registers with the recess 282 formed in the front surface of the rear wall 18.
The analyzer component contains fluid passages and reservoirs, as well as pockets for reagents, and structures suitable to perform the manipulations necessary for chemical analysis of significant characteristics of the dialyzed blood. These operations of flow, mixing, proportioning, filtration, dialysis and so forth, are performed in a manner similar to the procedures of hemodialysis, but on a smaller scale, and can be adapted, as well, to function independently from such large units as the hemodialysis system, as a means of automating laboratory testing.
The passage 244) communicates also with a reservoir 284 which contains suitable anticoagulant material to be fed to the passage 242 in order to flow with the blood so as to prevent coagulation thereof. For example a suitable stabilized heparin composition may be initially located within the pocket 284 and controlled by a unit in the housing 56 so as to feed to the blood flowing the dialyzer a sufficient amount of anticoagulant in order to keep the blood flowing freely at all times through the apparatus.
It is thus possible with the above structures of the invention to carry out hemodialysis in a fully automatic manner, achieving through computer information processing techniques a considerable amount of precise control in a manner which heretofore required the operations of skilled personnel and expensive equipment. All of the relatively expensive components form part of the permanent installation 12 while the disposable component 14 is quite inexpensive to manufacture.
The sheets are heat sealed to each other to define the predetermined reservoirs and flow paths and to contain in certain pockets suitable reagents, and this inexpensive disposable component 14 can readily be mounted on the permanent installation in a manner described above. The operator need only connect the connections 11% and 1108 to suitable sources of water, and after the saline and dialysate have been provided in a suitable manner between the sheets of component 14 the lines 242 and 272 are connected with the patient and the hemodialysis can then proceed. After the operations are completed all of the lines are disconnected and the component 14 may be removed to replace by another component to be used with the next patient. The removed component 14 may be preserved or it may be discarded. With this system of the invention it is possible for unskilled and relatively untrained individuals to be given simple instructions for initiating the sequential operations necessary to perform a complex procedure such as hemodialysis. These may be reinforced by the intemal programming of the unit, and by indicator lights associated with the control buttons 22 and 24. The mounting of the component 14 on the permanent installation becomes fairly automatic, and the same is true of the connection of the water and blood lines. Therefore, this system accomplishes its prime objective, the speeding and simplification of procedures necessarily performed by human actions in providing complex medical diagnostic or therapeutic techniques. The invention shown utilizing this system, is extremely well suited for hemodialysis treatments to be performed by patients at home, a development that has been found necessary if all patients requiring this form of treatment are to have it made available.
What is claimed is:
1. For use in the processing of fluids, at least a pair of flexible plastic sheets sealed to each other according to a predetermined pattern defining between said sheets fluid passages and pockets situated inwardly of and spaced from the peripheries of said sheets and forming predetermined flow paths and reservoirs, respectively, for the fluid which is to be processed and for containing necessary active principles of the processing, said sheets having inlet and discharge connecting portions to be connected with fluid supply and discharge lines, respectively.
2. The combination of claim 1 and wherein the pattern of sealing of said sheets to each other defines also valve and pumping mechanisms adapted for pumping fluid along said passages and into and out of said reservoirs.
3. The combination of claim 1 and wherein said sheets are transparent so that fluid between the sheets is visible and can have characteristics thereof detected by light-signal systems.
4. The combination of claim l and wherein said sheets include a mounting portion for adapting the sheets to be mounted on an apparatus which coacts with the sheets.
5. In an apparatus for processing fluids, a permanent installation and a disposable component to be used therewith, said permanent installation including a control wall having a front surface formed with recesses and grooves according to a predetermined pattern and an access wall with similar recesses and grooves located adjacent said front surface of said control wall for holding a disposable component in engagement with said front surface of said control wall, said disposable component including flexible plastic sheets sealed to each other according to a pattern providing passages and pockets which are situated inwardly of and spaced from the peripheries of said plastic sheets and which respectively register with said grooves and recesses, said passages and pockets providing predetermined flow paths and reservoirs, respectively, for fluid to be processed, and for containing necessary active principles, and said permanent installation including at said control wall thereof control means communicating with or coacting with said passages and recesses for controlling the flow of fluid in the passages and pockets of the disposable component.
6. The combination of claim and wherein the control means carried by said control wall includes valve plungers for pressing the sheets of said disposable component together at the passage defined therebetween and for releasing the sheets from each other at the passages so as to close and open, respectively, predetermined fluid passages defined between the sheets.
7. The combination of claim 5 and wherein said sheets are transparent, and said control means including light-responsive devices responding to the passage of light through said sheets for receiving signals indicative of the characteristics of the fluids, said front wall being transparent so that light can pass through the sheets to provide visibility of the ongoing processes.
8. The combination of claim 5 and wherein said sheets of said disposable unit include inlet and outlet connections.
9. The combination of claim 5 and wherein a mount ing means forms part of said permanent installation and coacts with said disposable component for mounting the latter removably on the permanent installation.
10. The combination of claim 5 and wherein said disposable component includes sheets, the area of which is greater than that of said rear wall, said sheets having portions extending beyond said walls of said permanent installation and defining additional pockets and passages for the processed fluid.
1 l. The combination of claim 5 and wherein said permanent installation and disposable component form a hemodialysis and analytic monitoring system, said pockets and passages forming a flow path for blood and a flow path for dialysate, and all structures and participant materials necessary for the procedure.
12. The combination of claim 5 and wherein said control wall carries pumping means communicating with said recesses, said sheets defining between themselves pumping chambers communicating with the latter recess, said pumping means coacting with the disposable component at said pumping chamber thereof for pumping fluid therethrough.
13. The combination of claim 1 and wherein said sheets form portions of active controls and pumping mechanisms by interactions such as transfer of heat, or pressure relationships between fluid in adjacent layer flow paths, or via volumetric sizing of the flow paths and reservoirs.
M. For use in the processing of fluids, at least a pair of flexible plastic sheets sealed to each other according to a predetermined pattern defining between said sheets fluid passages and pockets situated inwardly of and spaced from the peripheries of said sheets and forming predetermined flow paths and reservoirs, respectively, for the fluid which is to be processed and for containing necessary active principles of the processing, said sheets having inlet and discharge connecting portions to be connected with fluid supply and discharge lines, respectively, said sheets defining nonparallel intersections of control paths with procedural paths functioning as valves by the action of higher pressure in the control paths to occlude the flow path lumen.
15. The combination of claim 14 and wherein said sheets have series of pressure activated intersections to function as pumping mechanism.
16. The combination of claim 13 and wherein said sheets have proportional resistances within the flow patterns to proportion the volumes of fluids passing through them.
17. For use in the processing of fluids, at least a pair of flexible plastic sheets sealed to each other according to a predetermined pattern defining between said sheets fluid passages and pockets situated inwardly of and spaced from the peripheries of said sheets and forming predetermined flow paths and reservoirs, respectively, for the fluid which is to be processed and for containing necessary active principles of the processing, said sheets having inlet and discharge connecting portions to be connected with fluid supply and discharge lines, respectively, said sheets defining intersecting control paths with procedural paths functioning as pressure sensors in procedural path to proportionally alter resistance characteristics of control path circuits operating in conjunction with fluidic logic circuits or other pressure or flow sensing mechanisms to react to significant changes in the procedural flow paths functions.
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|Baxter International Inc.
|Methods for kidney dialysis
|13 Jun 2003
|4 Dec 2007
|Baxter International Inc.
|Method and apparatus for kidney dialysis
|5 Jul 2005
|15 Jan 2008
|Baxter International Inc.
|Method and apparatus for kidney dialysis
|27 Aug 2003
|6 Jan 2009
|Nxstage Medical, Inc.
|Hemofiltration systems and methods that maintain sterile extracorporeal processing conditions
|8 Mar 2004
|17 Aug 2010
|Nxstage Medical Inc.
|Registration of fluid circuit components in a blood treatment device
|29 Jan 2008
|24 Aug 2010
|Nxstage Medical, Inc.
|Blood treatment apparatus
|22 Nov 2005
|7 Dec 2010
|Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag
|Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
|30 Dec 2003
|31 Jul 2012
|Baxter International, Inc.
|System and method for verifying medical device operational parameters
|19 Aug 2011
|4 Dec 2012
|Baxter International Inc.
|Hemodialysis system having clamping mechanism for peristaltic pumping
|25 Jul 2012
|17 Sep 2013
|Quanta Fluid Solutions Ltd.
|Fluid processing apparatus
|5 Jun 2012
|1 Apr 2014
|Quanta Fluid Solutions Ltd.
|Dialysis machine
|30 Dec 2003
|8 Jul 2014
|Baxter International Inc.
|System and method for notification and escalation of medical data
|5 Jul 2007
|12 Aug 2014
|Baxter International Inc.
|Dialysis fluid heating systems
|17 Sep 2010
|14 Oct 2014
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|Dialysis system including blood and dialysate cassette
|19 Aug 2011
|11 Nov 2014
|Baxter International Inc.
|Hemodialysis system with multiple cassette interference
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|Hemodialysis system including on-line dialysate generation
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|2 Dec 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for a biological liquid treatment installation
|26 May 2011
|9 Dec 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Device for a biological liquid treatment installation
|27 Mar 2012
|23 Dec 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
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|21 Jul 2011
|30 Dec 2014
|Emd Millipore Corporation
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|Baxter Healthcare Inc.
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|17 Sep 2010
|14 Apr 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Dialysis system with cassette based balance chambers and volumetric pumps
|19 Aug 2011
|12 May 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Hemodialysis system with cassette-based blood and dialyste pumping
|17 Sep 2010
|26 May 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Dialysis system with enhanced features
|17 Sep 2010
|9 Jun 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Dialysis system including downloaded prescription entry
|11 Jan 2011
|9 Jun 2015
|Emd Millipore Corporation
|Circuit for biological liquid
|31 Aug 2011
|7 Jul 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Systems and methods for priming sorbent-based hemodialysis
|30 Sep 2011
|7 Jul 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Medical fluid pump valve integrity test methods and systems
|17 Sep 2010
|7 Jul 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Renal therapy system having pump reversing fluid control
|17 Sep 2010
|29 Sep 2015
|Baxter International Inc.
|Dialysis system with balance chamber prime and rinseback
|8 Mar 2004
|2 Dec 2004
|Brugger James M.
|Registration of fluid circuit components in a blood treatment device
|8 Mar 2004
|2 Dec 2004
|Brugger James M.
|Blood-contactless measurement of arterial pressure
|8 Mar 2004
|30 Dec 2004
|Burbank Jeffrey H.
|Measurement of fluid pressure in a blood treatment device
|27 Aug 2003
|3 Mar 2005
|James Brugger
|Hemofiltration systems and methods that maintain sterile extracorporeal processing conditions
|8 Mar 2004
|26 May 2005
|Brugger James M.
|Network-based extracorporeal blood treatment information system
|8 Mar 2004
|26 May 2005
|Brugger James M.
|Blood flow control in a blood treatment device
|22 Nov 2005
|8 Jun 2006
|Lifebridge Medizintechnik Gmbh
|Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
|12 Jan 2012
|Millipore Corporation
|Device For A Biological Liquid Treatment Installation
|6 Jun 2011
|7 Jun 2012
|Millipore Corporation
|Device For A Biological Liquid Treatment Installation
|9 Dec 1998
|26 Jun 2003
|Plasmaselect Ag
|Pumpschlauchsystem zur peristaltischen F�rderung von fl�ssigen oder gasf�rmigen Medien
|17 Nov 1980
|29 Apr 1981
|Lichtenstein Eric Stefan
|Computer-controlled medical care system.
|30 Oct 1981
|26 May 1982
|Hospal Industrie
|Artificial kidney with integrated dialysis fluid circuit
|9 Jun 1982
|5 Jan 1983
|Hospal Industrie
|Artificial kidney with integrated circuits
|5 Nov 2004
|25 Apr 2012
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|Hemodialysis systems
|28 Jun 2011
|8 May 2013
|EMD Millipore Corporation
|Rigid disposable flow path
|26 Oct 1983
|5 Jul 1984
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|13 Dec 1989
|28 Jun 1990
|Bio Flo Ltd
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|4 Sep 1996
|13 Mar 1997
|Anke Helmdach
|Medical installation
|5 Feb 1998
|20 Aug 1998
|Vasca Inc
|Hemofiltration system
|7 Dec 1999
|15 Jun 2000
|Rheotec Ag
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|25 May 2001
|6 Dec 2001
|Constance Ltd
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|8 May 2006
|16 Nov 2006
|Imi Vision Ltd
|Dialysis machine
|8 May 2006
|16 Nov 2006
|Imi Vision Ltd
|Fluid processing apparatus
|U.S. Classification
|210/94, 210/321.71, 210/929, 210/96.2
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
Gravel and Hawk — 2012
By Nick Norwood
"Even if you never cared for rural, or you grew up in a city, (Gravel and Hawk) will change you. The natural world lives within this poet in disciplined poems of comfortable silence bracketing culture cells of country life. There is substantiability in these reflections. The subjects are rudimentary; the emotions are gravitational fields of honesty."
Washington Independent Review of Books
"Nick Norwood's Gravel and Hawk, his fourth collection of poetry and winner of the Hollis Summers poetry prize, has struck me with its commanding voice. The speaker of these poems has a wonderful way with imagery that provides a strong sense of the rural Texas where his speaker grew up (along with a few ventures into neighboring states)."
"Gravel and Hawk is a sophisticated mapping of personal memories, a map peppered with buildings and places that ultimately give the reader something to anchor their reading to…. (A) wholly satisfying reading experience, anchoring the reader, and the experience of a collective memory, firmly to the ground."
Concho River Review
Gravel and Hawk dwells on the physical and cultural landscapes of the Texarkana border region, an area of stark natural beauty and even starker manifestations of its human habitation: oil derricks and pump jacks, logging trucks, chicken houses, come-to-Jesus billboards, and greasy catfish joints, a patchwork of dying farm towns and ragtag municipalities laced together by county roads, state highways, and that treacherous, rust-hued slurry known as the Red River. Gravel and Hawk charts the emotional landscape of a single extended family, its history of loss and gain, and, especially, its encounters with violent death. It is an eminently readable collection, rooted in a distinctly American place and united by a poetic voice that is honest, sophisticated, and persuasive.
Nick Norwood is the author of the poetry collections The Soft Blare and A Palace for the Heart and the fine press book Wrestle, which he produced in collaboration with the artist and master printer Erika Adams. His poems have appeared widely in such journals as Western Humanities Review, Southwest Review, Paris Review, Wallace Stevens Journal, and others.
- Winner of the
Hollis Summers Poetry Prize
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- Nick Norwood website
- Nick Norwood's "Hawk" on Poetry Daily
- The Writer's Almanac feature on "Jarring Honey" from Gravel & Hawk
- Nick Norwood Interview in the Jan. 8, 2012 Texarkana Gazette
- Table of Contents
- A.M. (Sample Poem)
- storySouth, Issue 36; Fall 2013
- Concho River Review, Fall 2013
- Washington Independent Review, Aug 2012


text:
Secretary of State
On behalf of President Obama and the people of the United States, I am delighted to send best wishes to the people of Montenegro as you celebrate your Statehood Day this July 13.
The United States and Montenegro share a long history of partnership and cooperation that reaches back over a hundred years. Our shared vision for the Western Balkans – one where every country in the region realizes its Euro-Atlantic aspirations – is resulting in lasting stability and prosperity. And Montenegro is leading the way as a candidate country with both NATO and the European Union.
On this Statehood Day, the United States celebrates with you as your partner and friend. We are committed to this relationship and will continue to work closely together for a brighter future for all Montenegrins.
Short URL: http://m.state.gov/md168133.htm


text:
New French F1 Jacket, Olive Drab
Item # WX2-223063
- Google+
- Details & Specs
New French F1 Jacket.
The French connection! Wear this comfortable, ready-to-serve Jacket and you'll be at ease, Soldier.
- Heavy-gauge polyester / cotton fabric
- Button front with storm flap
- Dual vertical zip chest pockets
- Storm collar
- Snap cuffs
- Epaulets. Machine wash / dry. Imported.
Condition: brand new, never issued.
State Size, as available in the Shopping Cart.
!!! Limited Quantities !!!
- Reviews
New French F1 Jacket, Olive Drab is rated out of 5 by 3.Rated 5 out of 5 by CeeCee from Color Isn't Accurate From the photo, I thought this was going to be "old" olive drab which is the lighter green. This coat it the "new" olive drab that is very dark green. Even so it's a great jacket! Order up a size as European sizes run smaller than US sizes.Date published: 2015-01-10Rated 4 out of 5 by PAUL from Love French army HBT stuff--well made and sturdy. Sadly too small (euro Large is American medium, maybe even small). Wife really likes the styling, so she will take it.Date published: 2014-04-15Rated 4 out of 5 by KURT from Fit is pretty close. Nice herring bone twill.Date published: 2012-12-22
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text:
Yesterday, I came across this little post by Todd Dunham over at Developer Drive and thought to myself "well, that's not a very convincing effect". Sure, Todd was very clean about his markup and used just one element in his attempt to recreate a stitched effect, but are we to trade quality over purism? Sometimes the answer to that question is yes, but, to me, this time it was a resounding no.
So, I set out to pull off my own take on the whole CSS3 Stitched Effect. Take a look at the demo and below I'll explain some of the code.
The HTML
I used this image from SXC as a leather texture. The brown texture is the same picture, just scaled down and slightly edited in good ol' Photoshop. The markup is really quite simple, just two divs.
1 2 3

Just a CSS leather stitch

The CSS
There's a fair bit of stuff in the demo but it all boils down to two properties:
border and
outline. Use these two properties with the same width and alternate colors and you have yourself a stitching effect.
1 2 3
border: 1px dashed #000;
outline: 1px dashed #fff; }
Certainly, achieving this effect requires more than just the use of two properties, it's got a lot to do with getting the right colors, maybe doing some rounding off at the corners, subtle stuff like that. It's not a groundbreaking technique, of course, but it does prove one very important point: even a simple technique such as this one takes a bit of elbow grease to get right if quality work is what you're after. Just slapping code in a project and hoping it'll be brilliant right off the bat is a pipe dream.
Cheers, all!


text:
Kansas Woman Admits Embezzling Research Funds
Associated Press - October 28, 2013 7:29 pm
Kansas collected $30 million less in taxes than anticipated in August, but officials said larger-than-expected income tax refunds were largely the reason.
A 51-year-old woman has admitted embezzling from Kansas State University's Biosecurity Research Institute while working as an officer manager.
The U.S. Attorney's office says Alma resident Linda Kay Miller pleaded guilty Monday to three counts of interstate transportation of fraudulently altered securities.
Miller worked from August 2007 to January 2013 at the institute on the Manhattan campus. The institute receives grants for infectious disease research focused on threats to plant, animal and human health.
Miller admitted altering three checks received by the institute and depositing the funds into a personal bank account.
She agreed in her plea to pay a money judgment of more than $16,000. She could also be fined and given prison time at her sentencing, scheduled for January.
Ahh yes another one that will be patted on the back an never repay a penny. Send her to prison and watch her agreement go down the tubes. Probably even if she remains free she will figure a way out of paying just like those before her.
These women find a way to steal others money and they get away with it all the time.


text:
Posts: 8507
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Imp said:
how do you edit the fist damage?
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Enjay said:
You could probably put a frame or 2 extra into the punch sequence. Give each extra frame a short duration (even 0) and a punch code pointer so that each punch is actually a number of punches. It works with things like player pistol shots and monster punches/bites so I guess the player punch would work too.
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