text:
Guest Editorial: Understanding the Kennedy Terminal Ulcer
The Kennedy Terminal Ulcer (KTU) is a pressure ulcer that some individuals get as they are dying. Not all patients who die with a pressure ulcer die with a KTU; a KTU is in a subset of pressure ulcers that have certain characteristics. It can come on suddenly and is usually on the sacrum or coccyx but can appear in other areas. It can have the shape of a pear, butterfly, or horseshoe. The edges are usually irregular and are red, yellow, and black as the ulcer progresses. A KTU often appears as an abrasion, blister, or darkened area and may develop rapidly to a Stage II, Stage III, or Stage IV ulcer.
The KTU was first described in 1983 while I was working at the Byron Health Center, a 500-bed, long-term care institution in Fort Wayne, IN. Clinicians at Byron started one of the first skin care teams in long-term care to track information on pressure ulcers such as prevalence, stage of the ulcer, progress of the ulcer, and which patients eventually died with the pressure ulcer. This information was recorded on a handmade spreadsheet (predating computers!). As we compiled this information, we began to notice a similarity in patients who developed a pressure ulcer who went on to die within a short time frame. Using the phenomenological approach, we observed and documented our findings. We were asked to present our 5 years of data on pressure ulcers in long-term care at the First National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel meeting in Washington, DC in March 1989.
At the meeting, we reported that our data indicated the overall prevalence rate revealed a gradual increase from 1983 (1.95%) to 1988 (3.36%). Clinicians at Byron believed the increase in the prevalence related to the increase in the acuity of illness of patients. The skin care team started to investigate the data regarding how long individuals lived after the onset of a pressure ulcer; data showed 55.7% of the people who died with a pressure ulcer expired within 6 weeks of the onset of their pressure ulcer. This led the committee to investigate the possibility of a pressure ulcer being a sign of impending death.
This particular terminal pressure ulcer in 1989 was given the name Kennedy Terminal Lesion by the medical director at the Byron Health Center. At the time, the ulcer was described as: shaped like a pear, always on the coccyx or sacrum, had the colors of red, yellow and black, had a sudden onset, and death was imminent. Dealing with this unique ulcer, we became accustomed to hearing, "Oh, my gosh, that was not there yesterday" or "I worked Friday, that was not there then. I was off the weekend and when I came back Monday, there it was!" The ulcer tends to appear to have been there for several days or even weeks longer than its actual duration.
On April 4–6, 2008 in Chicago, IL, a panel of 18 internationally recognized key opinion leaders including clinicians, caregivers, medical researchers, legal experts, academicians, a medical writer, and leaders of professional organizations formulated a consensus statement addressing Skin Changes At Life's End (SCALE). A modified three-phase Delphi Method approach was used to reach consensus on 10 statements reported in this document. The paper will be published in October 2009.
For more information on the KTU, please visit www.KennedyTerminalUlcer.com.
Research regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of KTU continues and will better define this and perhaps other end-of-life phenomena. Meanwhile, as caregivers determined to provide the best evidence-based care available, we will be diligent ensurers of comfort, dignity, and respect for all patients with wounds, particularly those facing end-of-life challenges.
This article was not subject to the Ostomy Wound Management peer-review process.
The August 2009 published article by Stannard JP, Atkins BZ, O'Malley D, et al (Use of Negative Pressure Therapy on Closed Surgical Incisions: A Case Series. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2009;55[8]:58–66) neglected to cite Christopher E. Attinger, MD, as the Corresponding Author and did not appropriately acknowledge the role of Ricardo R. Martinez and Stephanie Wasek in manuscript preparation. The editors sincerely regret and apologize for the errors.


text:
Member Since:
January 3rd, 2012
About Sonali Gangane
I belong to Pune,Maharashtra,India a city with historic importance and rich cultural heritage.Graduated in Chemistry and a post grad in Computer Applications, worked with John Deere, Pune a few years back, I decided to venture in the beautiful and challenging world of fine arts and photography.I've been learning through some images & pictures real. My pictures posted over here are, fusion of certain virtual & real scenarios put together.Born & raised in a country like India where colours & vibrancy of those is soul of the culture & life to many, I was always fascinated, by ability to think about colours. All I feel my art is probably impression of my own mind, which I try usher into churning of my creativity.Thank you very much for visiting my website.Watermarks will not appear on purchased prints.Buy my authentic artwork only.
To find more about my art style,please visit my portfolio on http://www.sonali-gangane.artistwebsites.com
All my artworks can be ordered in form of greeting cards,canvas prints,metal prints,hanging frames,iphonecases.
My images do not belong to the public domain. All rights reserved. All the work displayed here by this artist cannot not be reproduced, copied, downloaded, edited, altered or published in any form without the explicit consent of owner/artist. � Sonali T. Gangane
93 Images
92 Images
48 Images
486 Images
26 Images
17 Images
34 Images
10 Images
103 Images
Contests Won on Fine Art America
49 Images
19 Images
161 Images
97 Images
45 Images
Building - Architecture -Bridges
34 Images
59 Images
Picture Quotes of famous persons
19 Images
73 Images
Beverly Hills, CA (United States)
Sign up for our newsletter for exclusive deals, discount codes, and more:
Unsubscribe at any time.
Server Status OK
Copyright © 2015 FineArtAmerica.com - All Rights Reserved

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Scoops: Gophers hoping to have FIU transfer Rakeem Buckles
Get the 1500 ESPN SportsWire delivered to your inbox daily, and keep up with all the news in Twin Cities Sports
The Gophers men's basketball team is expected to release its schedule for the upcoming season this week, according to a team official, and there should be no surprises.
Whether Florida International transfer Rakeem Buckles will take part in the Maui Invitational, a challenging 18-game Big Ten schedule, and more is likely, but work remains.
"There will be NCAA hoops to jump through. It isn't just about his grades," a team source said. "It's not as cut and dry as Malik (Smith) or Joey's (King) case. ... We're still hopeful."
New FIU coach Anthony Evans confirmed Buckles' intentions to head to Minnesota as he addressed the school's student media group.
"There is some interest for Rakeem to go over to Minnesota," Evans said. "It's something he wants to do. You want to be at a place where you feel comfortable with people you like. He came here for coach (Richard) Pitino and he's going to Minnesota, he wants to join him."
If Buckles ultimately ends up at Minnesota, a different source said it will be under the premise that he will be eligible right away. The Gophers aren't expected to take him otherwise.
In the last two years, the 6-7, 215-pound forward has suffered two major knee injuries, a concussion and a broken index finger. If capable of maintaining health, Buckles would likely play major minutes at the big forward position.
Buckles last played for Louisville in 2011-2012, appearing in 11 games. He averaged 4.0 points and 3.8 rebounds per game.
Scoop Central
- It was a good news, bad news weekend for soon-to-be Hopkins sophomore guard/forward Amir Coffey. As expected, Pitino offered a scholarship to the son of former Gopher Richard Coffey after seeing him Saturday in the Best Buy Classic in Bloomington. The bad: he suffered a cracked tibia, which shouldn't require surgery. His recovery time is approximately six weeks, according to his mother. In talking with Coffey on Thursday, he indicated that his general physician recently told him he should grow to be 6-foot-9. As for that Gophers offer: "Minnesota is a great school," Coffey said. "I grew up around the Gophers because my dad (Richard) went there. I'm always on campus. I love Minnesota."
- Shooting guard J.P. Macura, who is in the Lakeville North class of 2014, also played in the Best Buy Classic. He recently got an offer from the Gophers. "They definitely have a chance," Macura said. "I'll spend a lot of time with their players in August. Then I'll decide if I like hanging around them and if it's a good environment. I'll make a decision in September." Macura likes the future of the Gophers under Pitino. "I think he'll turn the program around," Macura said. "He doesn't see me as just a shooter. He sees me playing the game all-around. He thinks I can come in and do good things for the program."
- An NBA source suggests that Wolves restricted free agent Nikola Pekovic's camp is looking for Joakim Noah money -- five-years, $60 million. Nobody from the Wolves would confirm that to be the case. A Wolves source last week said they weren't inclined to back away from their four-year offer of approximately $50 million. So the two sides remain in limbo. Look for Flip Saunders, the Wolves president of basketball operations, to meet soon with Pekovic's agents, Jeff Schwartz and Sean Kennedy. A long-term deal -- probably four years -- is still expected to happen. The happy medium could be the Wolves raising their offer with incentive sweeteners. Pekovic is scheduled to play for Montenegro in EuroBasket starting on Sept. 4. Training camp for that starts in a couple weeks. It would be shocking if Pekovic's contract with the Wolves isn't finalized by then.
- A Mavericks source said he was shocked center Bernard James cleared waivers: "The kid started 11 games for us. He can play." Any team claiming James would have had to guarantee his $788,872 salary for 2013-2014. Even so, he would have made sense to fill the Wolves' final roster spot.
- Buffalo's Thomas Vanek, a free agent next summer, skates regularly at Mariucci Arena in the summer: "I enjoy my time in Buffalo," Vanek said last week. "I'm looking forward to going back. In this business you can't read the internet or the papers too much. If something happens, my agent will call me." Vanek, 29, is referring to his name being included in trade rumors since it will be tough for Buffalo to retain him long-term. Vanek acknowledges that fans have approached him telling him to make plans to be on the Wild. "That's something you laugh it off and move on with your day," he said. One of Vanek's best friends is Wild forward Jason Pominville. The two were teammates in Buffalo before the Wild acquired Pominville last spring. "I played with him for nine years. We lived next door for 7 years," Vanek said. "We're obviously close. We still talk." Like Vanek, Pominville also is set to be a free agent next summer.
- Another former Gopher, Dallas defenseman Alex Goligoski, also skates at Mariucci. He's a fan of the Wild. "I think they're solid," he said. "They should be a playoff team. We're in a division with them now. It'll be a good challenge for us. ... Hopefully we can get a rivalry going with them." Goligoski has spoken with Vanek about Dallas' new coach, Lindy Ruff. Vanek played for Ruff in Buffalo.
- The Twins aren't necessarily just sellers. They could trade for a player signed beyond this year. "It's a possibility," vice president of player personnel Mike Radcliff said. "Nothing is imminent." Radcliff would neither confirm nor deny, but a league source said the Twins have some interest in Houston pitcher Bud Norris. He's under team control through 2015, so it's not a guarantee he goes anywhere. In addition to the Twins, a handful of other teams like him.
- Radcliff on the overall state of trade talks: "It's a seller's market. That means it goes to the end (July 31)."
- The Red Sox and Braves had scouts at Target Field all weekend. So did the Padres and White Sox, but the belief is that was more general work. The Phillies also had a scout present for a portion of the series against Cleveland.
- While talking with Radcliff, I got the obligatory update on top prospect Byron Buxton. Radcliff saw him for a stretch recently at Class A Fort Myers. "He's an outstanding player," Radcliff said. "He's shown so much beyond his tools and skills. He's on a fast trajectory." Radcliff didn't rule out the notion of Buxton ending up at Double-A New Britain before the season finishes.
- Radcliff on international free agency: "Always fluid. ... No signing is imminent. ... We have money left. ... We have no plans to trade money."
- The Twins are still pursuing Taiwan 18-year-old righthanded pitcher Jen-Ho Tseng. Reports say he's close to a deal with the Cubs. But until the Twins get official word, they're maintaining dialogue with Tseng's camp.
- Before the Orioles traded pitcher Jake Arrieta to the Cubs, the Twins had interest.
- The Twins' next 20 games are against teams currently under .500. In other words, it's time to see some progress.
- The trio of Class of 2014 Minneapolis Washburn running back Jeff Jones, Class of 2014 Chanhassen offensive lineman Frank Ragnow and Class of 2015 Cretin-Derham Hall defensive end Jashon Cornell have talked about playing together with the Gophers. Jones is currently a soft verbal. All three were at a barbecue on campus on Saturday.
- Cornell was recently named the No. 1 recruit in the country, according to ESPN. "I have to live up to the hype," Cornell told the Scoops late last week. "I'm not the type of player that likes to be flashy. I lead by my performance. Not by my mouth." He's up to 23 offers, including one from coach Jerry Kill of the Gophers. "I really like the Gophers," Cornell said. "(Kill is) straight up with you. He'll put you in a position to get to the NFL and to graduate from college." Cornell works out with noted local trainer Ted Johnson. He also leans on former Cretin and Iowa Hawkeye defensive end Broderick Binns for advice. "He helps me with hand drills and footwork." Cornell said. The 6-foot-3, 238-pound Cornell will cut his list to 10 schools by the third week of September. He said it's a lock the Gophers make it. Cornell said he runs the 40-yard-dash in 4.67 seconds and bench presses 245 pounds (sets of five reps) with a max of 275. Cornell also will get some carries at running back this season.
- East Ridge Class of 2016 quarterback Seth Green was at the Football University Top Gun camp in Ohio over the weekend. It's by invitation only. Green already has offers from Louisville and the Gophers. "Jerry Kill is a great coach," Green told 1500espn.com before leaving for camp. "I love his program. I love what he's trying to build. I think he has put a lot of good people around him."


text:
A short drive from Palermo, Sicily, is Mondello, a small fishing village on the shores of turquoise Mediterranean Sea with breath taking white sandy beaches.
For centuries, this seaside retreat has lured not only fishermen for its abundance of fresh fish, mussels, clams, and octopus, but also tourists from all over the Europe, Italians from the mainland and local Sicilians alike.
So come and visit us at Mondello restaurant and enjoy authentic Italian dining experience and beautiful romantic ambiance in Seattle lovely Magnolia neighborhood.
Our dishes are made from original recipes passed from generation to generation to ravish your taste buds and bring you its wonderful tradition of fresh seafood & rich Sicilian cuisine with all its flair & joy of living.
Giuseppe family grew up in the vicinity of Mondello and has a life experience of fine cuisine with full appreciation & sensibility of the Italian palate.
For your convenience catering is available upon request and parties up to 45 guests are welcome.
No one fails to be entranced by Mondello's welcoming and warm personalities.
We hope to see you soon in our family own restaurant.
Grazie Amici!


text:
Universal Fashion Case for Laptop, Kindle & iPad
$12.00 Our Price
$39.99 Retail
With technology taking over our lives, most of us have multiple devices that all need protection. Laptops, e-Readers, iPads, and other tablets can run into little accidents when we're carrying them around with us each day. Instead of spending heaps of money on separate cases for each device, this Universal Fashion Case for Laptop, Kindle, and iPad allows you to buy one case that works for all of your devices. This universal case can fit up to a 12" device. Whichever one you're taking with you for the day can slip right into this handy neoprene case to keep it protected from the bumps and impacts that can happen while you're out and about. It's the perfect all-in-one solution to protect your precious new devices. Want to know more? • Universal original neoprene material (3mm thickness) • Fits 10"-12" tablets, laptops, and notebooks • Easy carry handles and zippered pockets for storage • Available in Black, Blue, Green, Gray, Light Blue, Orange, Pink, Purple, or Red
Today's Deals
Live until October 9th 12:00 PM EST
- Save 56%
$50.00 Retail
Sporty & Soft Thermal-Lined Full-Zip Sweatshirt with 3-Piece Drawstring Hood - Assorted Colors & Extended Sizes


text:
Woodford Wag 2011
Thank you for visiting my fundraising page.
I plan to participate in the Woodford Humane Society's "Woodford Wag 2011". The event is being held on May 21, 2011.
All of you who know me are aware of my compassion for animals. Your donation in support of me will go a long way in helping the animals being cared for at the Woodford Humane Society. You will also be supporting a cause for which I am most passionate: animal welfare.
Donating through this website is simple, fast and totally secure. It is also the most efficient way to support my fundraising efforts.
Thank you in advance for your support -- and don't forget to forward this to anyone who you think might want to donate too!


text:
19 U.S. Code § 1683e - Verification
(a) In general
The Secretary of Treasury shall periodically verify the declarations made by a United States importer pursuant to section 1683a (c) of this title, including by determining whether—
(1) the export price declared by a United States importer pursuant to section 1683a (b)(1) of this title is the same as the export price provided on the export permit, if any, issued by the country of export; and
(b) Examination of books and records
(1) In general
[1] See References in Text note below.
Source(June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title VIII, § 807, as added Pub. L. 110–246, title III, § 3301(a),June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1851.)
References in Text
Section 1683a, referred to in text, was in the original section "803", and was translated as meaning the section 803 of act June 17, 1930, as added by section 3301(a) ofPub. L. 110–246, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
This Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act June 17, 1930, ch. 497, 46 Stat. 590, known as the Tariff Act of 1930, which is classified generally to this chapter. The Act does not contain a title V. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1654 of this title and Tables.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


text:
Dandelion Duffel Bag
$68 Gilt
- Color:
- black
Qty: 1
- 1
- 2
Please select an available size.
Please select a size.
Description: Dandelion Duffel Bag:
- Lightweight, structured duffel bag
- Printed cotton canvas and faux leather construction
- Detachable and adjustable shoulder strap
- Five bottom feet
- Two exterior side zipper pockets
- Large interior zipper pocket
- Two interior mesh bottle and three open pockets
- Zip top closure
Measurements: 21" W x 12" D x 13" H
Care: Spot clean
Material: canvas, faux leather
Care: Spot clean
Brand: Amykathryn
Origin: Imported


text:
|Suggested Sites
Abdus Sattar Afghani was born on July 6, 1930 in Karachi, Sindh. He has been elected as MNA for his first term on an MMAP seat. Previously he has served as the Mayor of Karachi from 1979-1983 and 1983-1987. He is politically affiliated with JIP
He has travelled to China, Japan, Philippine, U.S.A, U.K, Itlay, France, Canada, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, U.AE, Spain and Bangladesh .He is married and is the father of three sons and three daughters.
|Membership of National Assembly Committees
|• Standing Committee on Railways
|Contact Information in Islamabad
|A-5, Parliament Lodges
Phone No(off): 051-9223270


text:
Umbc vs. Ohio State
March 7, 2004
|Andy Gallagher
|(2, 3)
|Drew Westervelt
|(2, 2)
|Corey Warner
|(2, 0)
|Joe Cahill
|(0, 1)
|Brendan Mundorf
|(1, 0)
|Franklin Berry
|(1, 0)
|Kevin Cepelak
|9 (0.563)
|Current Record
|go to Umbc page
|Anthony Gilardi
|(1, 2)
|Kyle Olson
|(3, 0)
|Shaun Lyons
|(1, 1)
|Ben Wolff
|(2, 0)
|Andrew Bender
|(0, 2)
|Ryan Laffey
|(0, 1)
|Tony Russo
|13 (0.619)
|Current Record
|Ohio State
|go to Ohio State page
|The Game Story:
|Baltimore, MD�Junior attacker Corey Warner scored an extra-man goal with 41 seconds remaining in the second overtime period, as UMBC (1-1) rallied from a four-goal fourth quarter deficit to defeat Ohio State (1-2), 8-7, in double overtime in the Retrievers� home opener.
There was a moment of silence before the game to honor three-year old Michael R. Breschi, son of OSU Head Coach Joe Breschi, who died unexpectantly on Monday. Coach Breschi, a Baltimore native, did not accompany the team.
UMBC never led until Warner�s game-winning goal. The Buckeyes jumped out to a 2-0 first quarter advantage, but UMBC tied the score with goals by freshman attacker Drew Westervelt and sophomore linemate Andy Gallagher within 23 seconds of one another late in the first quarter. But OSU�s Anthony Gilardi scored the lone goal of the second quarter at the 5:14 mark and gave the visitors a 3-2 halftime lead.
After Warner tied the game at 3-3 1:06 into the third on an extra-man goal, the Buckeyes scored four answered goals to gain a 7-3 lead after Ben Wolff scored his second of the day 54 seconds in the fourth quarter. But UMBC would rally, as goals by Westervelt, Gallagher, and Brendan Mundorf trimmed the deficit to 7-6 with 3:56 to play. UMBC would gain the tie with 2:03 to play, as junior midfielder Joe Cahill beat his defender and fed senior middie Franklin Berry for the game-tying score.
Overtime was filled with drama as Buckeye midfielder Ryan Laffey hit a post with 1:20 left in the first extra session, and Westervelt was denied by the inside of the post early in the second overtime. But Ohio State�s Shaun Lyons was whistled for a pushing foul against Gallagher on an attempted UMBC clear with 1:08 to play. Gallagher found Warner on an inside cut just to Buckeye netminder Tony Russo�s left, and the Retriever newcomer bounced it past Russo to cap the comeback.
Gallagher led UMBC with 2 goals and 3 assists, while Westervelt added 2 goals and 2 helpers. OSU junior attackman Kyle Olson tallied a game high 3 goals, and Gilardi contributed a goal and 2 assists. Russo was outstanding in the goal, making 13 saves, several of the point-blank variety. UMBC junior netminder Kevin Cepelak made 9 saves for UMBC.
UMBC senior face-off specialist Pat Muston won 15 of 19 face-offs for UMBC, and now has controlled 32 of 41 this season.
The game was UMBC�s first overtime contest at home since 1992, ironically a 14-13 triple overtime victory over Ohio State.


text:
There are 40 walks arranged by Transport for London taking place
Conker fighting is back in season, and if you want to play a game of the childhood sport, here's how to make sure you win!
Barbet hoping to make the same progress as Gunners defender Laurent Koscielny
Councillor Sue Sampson was among the models for the calendar, being sold in aid of domestic violence charities
The hospital's work to improve patient safety has earned it a place in the finals of the prestigious HSJ Awards
Historic Hounslow was for centuries a resting place for travellers on their way to central London. More recently, Hounslow Heath was the site of the UK's first civil airport, and Heathrow, just down the road, is a major employer. Hounslow's main shopping area is the high street, and the Civic Centre in nearby Lampton Road houses Hounslow Council.
Cyclerouterole inman'sdeath
For the latest local news straight to your Twitter, Facebook feed or e-mail inbox.
Is there something happening in your area you would like us to report on?
getwestlondon.co.uk and the Ealing Gazette, Harrow Observer, Uxbridge Gazette, Hounslow Chronicle and Fulham & Hammersmith Chronicle are part of Trinity Mirror Southern, offering you unique access to our audience across the region online and in print.
We reach over 385,918* unique users a month with dedicated coverage of West London and the surrounding areas.
Over 78% of our visitors**, who view an average of 1,117,727* page impressions every month, are in the desirable ABC1 socio-economic groups.
To book an advert with the our advertising team call 07940 540350, email email@example.com or visit the Trinity Mirror Southern website trinitymirrorsouthern.co.uk for more information.
We are part of Trinity Mirror Southern, offering you unique access to our audience across the region online and in print.
Source: *Omniture (UK 6 month average Jan-Jun 2013). **JICREG 01/05/13
Editor-in-Chief, Trinity Mirror Southern
Marnie Wilson is Editor-in-Chief for Trinity Mirror Southern including www.getWestLondon and the Uxbridge Gazette, Ealing Gazette and the Hounslow Chronicle.
Editorial director of the award-winning www.getSurrey.co.uk, www.getHampshire.co.uk and print titles in Surrey and north east Hampshire for the last eight years, Marnie's role has expanded to include West London as well as www.getBucks.co.uk and print titles in Buckinghamshire.
She previously worked at the BBC as a producer for 5 Live, having moved to national radio from BBC Sussex and Surrey.


text:
Crop and Soil Sciences
Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences
Dr. James Crum
Phone: 517-355-0271, ext. 1134
Dr. Karen Renner
Phone: 517-355-0271, ext. 1233
Agronomy is the science and technology of using plants for food, fuel, feed and fiber production. Agronomists improve crop production in sustainable systems all over the world while protecting our soil and water resources.
Our students are interested in improving the production and management of a diversity of crops, the soils and the environment. Agronomists work to improve food, fuel and fiber production in sustainable systems while protecting the environment. Agronomists provide technical support to crop producers all over the world.
Turfgrass is everywhere — in your home lawn, across your town, on intramural sports fields, in Spartan stadium and at the many golf courses throughout our state. Turfgrass graduates work in the golf industry, in sports field management, in professional lawn care businesses and in sod production. Turfgrass professionals work to meet the needs of industries that rely on turf.
Agronomic Science students are from both rural and urban areas. Our graduates pursue careers in biotechnology, plant breeding and genetics, sustainable crop production, natural resources and soil conservation, and integrated pest management. You'll find agronomists working for private companies, at colleges and universities, for the USDA and other government agencies, and as private consultants for crop producers all over the world. If you enjoy working with people, like the outdoors or the laboratory, and are interested in a career that applies biology, ecology and physical sciences in building a sustainable future, check out an agronomy specialization.
Our turfgrass graduates have career opportunities internationally and in every state in the country. Michigan State University turfgrass professionals designed and grew the soccer fields for the last two summer Olympic games. Turfgrass Management is a great career choice if you enjoy being outdoors when the grass is green, and if you like working with others to improve the performance of turfgrass.
To see courses required by this major, visit the Crop and Soil Sciences major listing in the MSU course catalog
Career Opportunities
Agribusiness Manager
Certified Crop Adviser
Crop Consultant
Extension Educator
Farm Manager
Michigan Certified Seed
Michigan Department of Agriculture
Michigan Department of Environmental Quality
Research Technician with Private Industry or a University
Soil Conservationist with NRCS
Soil Scientist with NRCS
Salesperson: Seed, Fertilizer, Crop Protection Chemicals
Assistant Golf Course Superintendent
Sports Field Managers:
• Professional
• Collegiate
• High Schools
• Municipalities
Professional Lawn Care Businesses
Sod Production Farms


text:
Heel measures approximately 20mm/ 1 inch. Point-toe flats are stepping into the style spotlight. We love Nicholas Kirkwood's electric-blue suede pair. Expertly handcrafted in Italy and fully lined in leather, this super soft pair features a flattering low heel with a sleek gold insert. Small to size. See Size & Fit tab.
Handmade Sculpted gold heel measures approximately 20mm/ 1 inchElectric-blue suedePointed toeSlip on
Product code: 402083 - Need help? Contact us


text:
Since we were able to isolate viable virus from brain and lung of H7N1 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) infected chickens, we here examined the distribution of different LPAIV strains in chickens by measuring the viral AI RNA load in multiple organs. Subtypes of H5 (H5N1, H5N2), H7 (H7N1, H7N7) and H9 (H9N2), of chicken (H5N2, H7N1, H7N7, H9N2), or mallard (H5N1) origin were tested. The actual presence of viable virus was evaluated with virus isolation in organs of H7N7 inoculated chickens.
Viral RNA was found by PCR in lung, brain, intestine, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, heart, liver, kidney and spleen from chickens infected with chicken isolated LPAIV H5N2, H7N1, H7N7 or H9N2. H7N7 virus could be isolated from lung, ileum, heart, liver, kidney and spleen, but not from brain, which was in agreement with the data from the PCR. Infection with mallard isolated H5N1 LPAIV resulted in viral RNA detection in lung and peripheral blood mononuclear cells only.
We speculate that chicken isolated LPAI viruses are spreading systemically in chicken, independently of the strain.
Keywords:Low pathogenic avian Influenza; Chickens; Systemic distribution
Avian influenza (AI) A is a highly heterogeneous group of viruses with varying pathogenicity in different species. Influenza virus subtypes have gained sufficient adaptive molecular changes to become established in domestic poultry and cause mild to severe disease [1-3]. AI is classified by the world organization for animal health into two pathotypes, low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (LPAIV) and high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIV), based on their virulence in chickens. Pandemic influenza outbreaks of HPAIV in poultry pose a significant threat to public health as highlighted by the emergence of H5N1 HPAIV [4]. In general, the HPAIV emerged from a H5 or H7 LPAIV subtype that was circulating in chickens or turkeys [1]. LPAIV haemagglutinin (HA) lacks the polybasic cleavage site that characterizes most HPAIV. The monobasic cleavage site of LPAIV favors trypsin-like proteases, which are thought to be secreted only by cells of the respiratory and intestinal tract. However, some chicken-isolated LPAIV strains have been isolated from a limited number of other tissues including the pancreas, kidneys and oviduct of intranasally (i.n.) or intratracheally (i.t.) inoculated chickens [5]. In addition, we were able to isolate viable virus from brain of H7N1 LPAIV inoculated chickens [6]. With the introduction of PCR several reports indicate systemic distribution of mRNA of LPAIV strains like H7N1 and H9N2 [6-8]. In order to investigate whether systemic distribution of LPAIV was restricted to some individually reported strains, we tested the systemic distribution of four LPAIV chicken (C-LPAIV) and one mallard (M-LPAIV) isolate, using PCR in chicken.
H7N1 LPAIV (A/Chicken/Italy/1067/99) was a gift from Dr. Ilaria Capua (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentaledelle Venezie, Italy). H5N1 LPAIV (A/Mallard/Italy/3401/05), H5N2 LPAIV (A/Chicken/Pennsylvania/21525/83) and H7N7 LPAIV (A/Chicken/Netherlands/06022003/06) were kindly provided by Dr. Guus Koch (Department of Virology, Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR, The Netherlands). H9N2 (A/Chicken/Saudi Arabia/SP02525/3AAV/2000) was obtained from the Animal Health Service (Deventer, The Netherlands). The viruses were propagated and titrated in the allantoic cavities of 10-day-old SPF chicken eggs to prepare stock virus. For animal experiments, the viruses were diluted in sterile PBS to 106 EID50 per ml immediately prior to use. Non-vaccinated AI-free chickens were randomly divided over four (experiment 1) or 2 (experiment 2) groups and housed in floor cages for 3 weeks prior to inoculation. Food and water were provided ad libitum. In compliance with Dutch law, all experiments were approved by the Animal Experimental committee of the institutions, in accordance with the Dutch regulations on experimental animals. For the first experiment one-day-old Lohmann Brown layer chickens were obtained from a commercial breeder (Pronk's Broederij, Meppel, The Netherlands). Chickens were inoculated with 0.2 ml (2×105 EID50) of the LPAIV strains H7N1, H7N7 or H5N1 equally divided between the i.n. and i.t. route. Control chickens were inoculated with 0.2 ml PBS. Six chickens from each group were sacrificed at 2 and 4 days post infection (d.p.i.). The body weight of the chickens was established daily and from all sacrificed chickens gross pathology of the organs was studied. Lung, brain, ileum, blood, liver, kidney, heart and spleen were collected for RNA extraction, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C until use. A piece of about 0.5×0.5 cm tissue was used which correspond to approximately 200 mg. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from blood by ficol-paque (Amersham Biosciences, Uppsala, Sweden). For the second experiment the chickens were obtained from a commercial breeder and inoculated as in exp. 1 with LPAIV H5N2 or H9N2. Five chickens from each group were sacrificed at 2 and 4 d.p.i. The body weight of the H5N2 LPAIV inoculated chickens was established at 0, 1, 2 and 4 d.p.i.
For RNA isolation, organs were stored in trizol (Invitrogen, Breda, The Netherlands) at −80°C until use. Both methods of preservation were tested and give equal RNA values. RNA isolation of the samples of both experiments was performed using the phenol/chloroform method as previously described [6]. H7N1, H7N7, H5N1 and H5N2 were analyzed using the quantitative PCR (qPCR) [6]. For H9N2 cDNA was generated from 500 ng RNA with reverse transcription using an iScript cDNA Synthesis kit (Biorad, Veenendaal, The Netherlands). H9N2 viral cDNA was amplified with specific primers and conditions as described [6]. RNA samples of day 2 p.i. of H9N2 infected chickens were tested using an one and two step PCR with the primers described. Comparable Ct values for AI load were obtained. Therefore both PCR methods can be used next to each other. As a control, tissue samples of the uninfected chickens were included in each run of the qPCR. Standardization of the PCR was done by equalizing the amount of input RNA with 200 ng. The quality and integrity of the RNA samples was analyzed using the Agilent Bioanalyzer (lab on chip, Agilent). The data were expressed as Ct-45 values, which means that increased values in the figures indicate increased amount of viral RNA and when Ct-45 is equal to zero no viral RNA was detected. Because no Ct values were found for any organs of control chickens tested during a 45 cycles run in these particular PCRs, we considered Ct values ≤ 45 as positive [6]. H7N7 inoculated chickens from the first experiment were used as an example to confirm the presence of progeny virus in tissues where viral RNA was detected by PCR [6]. Briefly, the supernatant of homogenized and clarified organs of six H7N7 inoculated chickens (4 d.p.i.) was divided over five embryonated eggs. The eggs were screened daily and incubated for 7 days. After 7 days or earlier after embryo mortality the allantoic fluid was harvested. The presence of H7N7 virus in the allantoic fluid was tested with the HA-test and sequencing. Differences between the Ct values of the strains were analyzed for statistical significance by the Mann–Whitney U test. For this purpose the Ct value of samples with no detectable virus was set at 45. Differences in weight was analyzed for statistical significance by the Student's T-test. P ≤ 0.05 was considered significantly different.
To determine whether the systemic detection of LPAIV RNA was restricted to a limited set of strains, we measured systemic distribution of viral RNA from five LPAIV strains using PCR. Subtypes of H5 (H5N1, H5N2), H7 (H7N1, H7N7) and H9 (H9N2), of chicken (H5N2, H7N1, H7N7, H9N2), or mallard (H5N1) origin were tested. Systemic distribution of virus was confirmed by virus isolation of H7N7 C-LPAIV virus particles from organs that were positive for viral RNA by PCR. Low pathogenicity was confirmed by sequencing over the HA cleavage site [6]. Body weight of the chickens was measured as an indicator of severity of the disease after inoculation. Systemic distribution of LPAIV RNA was found for the C-LPAIV strains H7N1, H7N7, H5N2 and H9N2. For these strains viral RNA was found in multiple organs (Figures 1 and 2). In contrast to the C-LPAIV strains, viral RNA of the mallard isolated H5N1 LPAIV strain was only found in the lung at 2 and 4 d.p.i. and in PBMC at 4 d.p.i. Furthermore, the viral RNA load in in the lung and PBMC of H5N1 M-LPAIV inoculated chickens was generally low. In the lung, significant differences were found at 2 d.p.i. (compared to H7N1, H7N7 and H5N2 (p ≤ 0.05)) and at 4 d.p.i. (compared to H7N1 and H5N2 (p ≤ 0.01)). For PBMC significant differences were found at 4 d.p.i. (compared to H5N2 (p ≤ 0.01) and H9N2 (p ≤ 0.05)). A clear contrast between M-LPAIV and C-LPAIV was also seen in the viral RNA load in the spleen. While in the majority of the C-LPAIV inoculated chickens viral RNA was detected in the spleen, viral RNA could not be detected in the spleen of H5N1 M-LPAIV inoculated chickens (Figures 1 and 2).
Figure 1. Scatter plot of 45-Ct values of viral RNA from organs of individual birds at 2 days post inoculation (d.p.i.). Chickens were inoculated with different LPAIV strains and the presence of viral RNA in organs was examined at 2 d.p.i. by qPCR. The horizontal line represents the mean of 5 or 6 individual birds with SD. Triangles represent the 45-Ct value of individual birds. The data were expressed as Ct-45 values, which means that increased values in the figures indicate increased amount of viral RNA and when Ct-45 is equal to zero no viral RNA was detected. No viral RNA was detected in controls (Ct = 45). M-LPAIV H5N1, C-LPAIV H7N1 and H7N7: n=6. C-LPAIV H5N2 and H9N2: n=5.
Figure 2. Scatter plot of 45-Ct values of viral RNA from organs of individual birds at 4 days post inoculation (d.p.i.). Chickens were inoculated with different LPAIV strains and the presence of viral RNA in organs was examined at 4 d.p.i. by qPCR. The horizontal line represents the mean of 5 or 6 individual birds with SD. Triangles represent the 45-Ct value of individual birds. The data were expressed as Ct-45 values, which means that increased values in the figures indicate increased amount of viral RNA and when Ct-45 is equal to zero no viral RNA was detected. No viral RNA was detected in controls (Ct = 45). M-LPAIV H5N1, C-LPAIV H7N1 and H7N7: n=6. C-LPAIV H5N2 and H9N2: n=5.
Although viral RNA was detected in most lungs and spleens after inoculation with C-LPAIV strains, differences were found between the C-LPAIV strains. After a H5N2 C-LPAIV infection all chickens become positive for viral RNA and almost all evaluated organs of these chickens were infected (Figures 1 and 2). At 2 d.p.i. a significant higher viral load was found in PBMC (compared to H7N1, H7N7 (p ≤ 0.01) and H9N2 (p ≤ 0.05)), heart (compared to H7N1 and H9N2 (p ≤ 0.01)) and kidney (compared to H9N2 (p ≤ 0.01)). At 4 d.p.i. a significant higher viral load was found in brain (compared to H7N1, H7N7 (p ≤ 0.01) and H9N2 (p ≤ 0.05)) and PBMC (compared to H7N1 (p ≤ 0.01) and H7N7 (p ≤ 0.05)). A typically high viral RNA load was found in the kidney of H7N1 inoculated chickens at 4 d.p.i. (significant differences compared to H7N7, H9N2 (p ≤ 0.01) and H5N2 (p ≤ 0.05)), in the ileum of H7N7 inoculated chickens at 2 d.p.i. (significant differences compared to H7N1 (p ≤ 0.05)) and in the PBMC of H9N2 inoculated chickens (significant differences compared to H7N1 and H7N7 (p ≤ 0.05)). Figures 1 and 2 show that not all chickens were positive in brain (H7N1 and H7N7), heart (H7N1 and H9N2) and kidney (H9N2). The cause of the differences in distribution between the C-LPAIV strains has not been studied here, but might for instance be related to receptor affinity [9,10] or replication efficiency as suggested for differences between HPAIV [11].
In agreement with the viral RNA distribution, a delay in bodyweight gain was found for C-LPAIV H5N2, H7N1 and H7N7 but not for H5N1 M-LPAIV infected chickens (Figure 3). The decrease in weight gain was only significant for H5N2 C-LPAIV, which corresponded with the highest number of organs in which viral RNA was detected. Although bodyweight was not measured after H9N2 inoculation in this experiment, weight loss was previously found after infection with this virus strain (pers. comm. C.A. Jansen) and also in relation to other H9N2 strains [12-14].
Figure 3. Weight gain during the experimental period. The bodyweight of the chickens was established pre- and post-infection. Symbols represent the mean of individual chickens. PBS control, M-LPAIV H5N1, C-LPAIV H7N1 and H7N7: n=6. C-LPAIV H5N2 and H9N2: n=5. **: P ≤ 0.01.
In contrast to the review of Spickler et al. (2008) we here show a wide viral RNA distribution over multiple organs of different LPAIV strains isolated form chickens. The differences in amount of viral RNA between strains in tissues might indicate that not all C-LPAIV could be detected systemically. However, since our study shows that different LPAI strains were able to spread systemically beyond the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, systemic distribution of LPAI viruses could very well be a general phenomenon. In a parallel experiment we were able to isolate H7N1 LPAI virus from the chicken brain, where the necessary proteases to replicate are absent [6]. Here we isolated viable H7N7 LPAIV from lung, intestine, heart, liver, kidney and spleen (Table 1). Virus could only be isolated from organs with a high viral RNA load (Ct ≤ 35) as measured with the qPCR. Differences in virus detection between virus isolation and qPCR is considered to be due to sensitivity differences in assays used [6,15]. No virus could be isolated from the brain of H7N7 LPAIV inoculated chickens, which was in agreement with the negative result in the PCR at day 4. Altogether, viral RNA in different organs might implicate the presence of propagated virus.
Table 1. Detection of virus in organs of H7N7 LPAIV inoculated chickens by virus isolation and HA
While there is sufficient literature on C-LPAIV, reports studying M- LPAIV infections are scarce. Ladman et al. [16] examined the upper respiratory and the intestinal tract of turkeys and chickens after inoculation of different LPAI viruses, including the mallard isolates H5N1 and H7N3. H5N1 LPAIV could only be isolated from the upper respiratory tract of turkeys, while H7N3 LPAIV was isolated from the upper respiratory and the intestinal tract of both turkeys and chickens. The fact that H5N1 LPAIV was detected in turkeys and not in chicken might be explained by a difference in susceptibility for AI between turkeys and chickens [17]. Although the tissue tropism of the mallard isolates LPAIV H5N1 and H7N3 might differ in chicken, we speculate that differences between H5N1 M- LPAIV and the C- LPAIV subtypes that were tested in our study were related to differences in adaptation to the host. Starting from the primary infected organs, systemic distribution is among others facilitated by lymphocytes [18,19]. In chickens with viral RNA of H5N1 M-LPAIV in the lung (Figure 2) we also found viral RNA in PBMC at 4 d.p.i., confirming the relation between the level of viral RNA in the primary infected lung and possibilities for systemic distribution via blood cells. In the primary infected lung, where the necessary proteases for LPAIV replication are available, H5N1 M-LPAIV RNA could not be measured in 4 out of 6 chickens on day 2 and 4 (Figures 1 and 2). When the experiment was repeated the results were largely identical (data not shown) and the absence of viral RNA in the lung of H5N1 M-LPAIV infected chickens was therefore probably not related to the experimental infection method. The absence of virus in the lung (and other organs) of H5N1 M-LPAIV infected chickens might be related to impaired replication opportunities of the virus in the non-mallard host. Why some H5N1 M-LPAIV infected chickens did have a high RNA load in the lung is unclear.
In summary, RNA of a panel of LPAI viruses isolated from chickens can be detected in multiple organs of chickens. Viral RNA might indicate viable virus in organs beyond the respiratory tract as was shown for H7N1 and H7N7 LPAIV. Differences in systemic distribution between the LPAIV strains isolated from chickens exist but larger differences are found between the chicken isolated strains and the mallard isolated strain. These differences are likely to be dependent on host preference and might eventually be related to replication efficiency of the virus in different hosts.
LPAIV: Low pathogenic avian influenza virus; C-LPAIV: Chicken isolated low pathogenic avian influenza virus strain; M-LPAIV: Mallard isolated low pathogenic avian influenza virus strain; d.p.i: Days post infection; i.n: Intranasal inoculation; i.t: Intratracheal inoculation.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
EDdG carried out animal experiment II and participated in the interpretation of the data. LV was responsible for the design of animal experiment II. JBWJC assisted in animal experiment I. JMJR was responsible for the study design and interpretation of the data. JP was responsible for animal experiment I, carried out the qPCRs, participated in the interpretation of the data and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Financially supported by EU 6th framework Flupath (grant 044220) and program "Impulse Veterinary avian influenza research in the Netherlands" Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality.
Alexander DJ: An overview of the epidemiology of avian influenza.
Vaccine 2007, 25:5637-5644. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Iqbal M, Yaqub T, Reddy K, McCauley JW: Novel genotypes of H9N2 influenza A viruses isolated from poultry in Pakistan containing NS genes similar to highly pathogenic H7N3 and H5N1 viruses.
PLoS One 2009, 4:e5788. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Kwon J, Lee H, Lee D, Lee Y, Mo I, Nahm S, Kim M, Lee J, Park S, Choi I, Song C: Immune responses and pathogenesis in immunocompromised chickens in response to infection with the H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus.
Virus Res 2008, 133:187-194. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Ferguson NM, Fraser C, Donnelly CA, Ghani AC, Anderson RM: Public health risk from the avian H5N1 influenza epidemic.
Science 2004, 304:968-969. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Spickler AR, Trampel DW, Roth JA: The onset of virus shedding and clinical signs in chickens infected with high-pathogenicity and low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses.
Avian Pathol 2008, 37:555-577. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Post J, Burt DW, Cornelissen JBWJ, Broks V, Van Zoelen D, Peeters B, Rebel JMJ: Systemic distribution and host responses in brain and intestine of chickens infected with low pathogenic or high pathogenic avian influenza virus.
Mosleh N, Dadras H, Mohammadi A: Molecular quantitation of H9N2 avian influenza virus in various organs of broiler chickens using TaqMan real time PCR.
J Mol Genet Med 2009, 3:152-157. PubMed Abstract | PubMed Central Full Text
Toffan A, Beato MS, De Nardi R, Bertoli E, Salviato A: Conventional inactivated bivalent H5/H7 vaccine prevents viral localization in muscles of turkeys infected experimentally with low pathogenic avian influenza and highly pathogenic avian influenza isolates.
Avian Pathol 2008, 37:407-412. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Gambaryan A, Tuzikov A, Pazynina G, Bovin N, Balish A, Klimov A: Evolution of the receptor binding phenotype of influenza A (H5) viruses.
Virology 2006, 344:432-438. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Mundt E, Gay L, Jones L, Saavedra G, Tompkins SM, Tripp RA: Replication and pathogenesis associated with H5N1, H5N2, and H5N3 low-pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in chickens and ducks.
Arch Virol 2009, 154:1241-1248. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Bogs J, Veits J, Gohrbandt S, Hundt J, Stech O, Breithaupt A, Teifke JP, Mettenleiter TC, Stech J: Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses carry virulence determinants beyond the polybasic hemagglutinin cleavage site.
PLoS One 2010, 5:e11826. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Gharaibeh S: Pathogenicity of an avian influenza virus serotype H9N2 in chickens.
Avian Dis 2008, 52:106-110. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Li C, Yu K, Tian G, Yu D, Liu L, Jing B, Ping J, Chen H: Evolution of H9N2 influenza viruses from domestic poultry in mainland China.
Virology 2005, 340:70-83. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Wan H, Sorrel EM, Song H, Hossain MJ, Ramirez-Nieto G, Monne I, Stevens J, Cattoli G, Capua I, Chen L, Donis RO, Busch J, Paulson JC, Brockwell C, Webby R, Blanco J, Al-Natour MQ, Perez DR: Replication and transmission of H9N2 influenza viruses in ferrets: Evaluation of pandemic potential.
PLoS One 2008, 3:e2923. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Monne I, Ormelli S, Salviato A, De Battisti C, Bettini F, Salomoni A, Drago A, Zecchin B, Capua I, Cattoli G: Development and validation of a one-step real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of subtype H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza viruses.
J Clin Microbiol 2008, 46:1769-1773. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Ladman BS, Driscoll CP, Pope CR, Slemons RD, Gelb J Jr: Potential of low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses of wild bird origin to establish experimental infections in turkeys and chicken.
Avian Dis 2010, 54:1091-1094. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Spackman E, Gelb J Jr, Preskenis LA, Ladman BS, Pope CR, Pantin-Jackwood MJ, McKinley ET: The pathogenesis of low pathogenicity H7 avian influenza viruses in chickens, ducks and turkeys.
Virol J 2010, 7:331. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Van Campen H, Easterday BC, Hinshaw VS: Destruction of lymphocytes by a virulent avian influenza A virus.
J Gen Virol 1989, 70:467-472. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Gabriel G, Klingel K, Planz O, Bier K, Herwig A, Sauter M, Klenk HD: Spread of infection and lymphocyte depletion in mice depends on polymerase of influenza virus.
Am J Pathol 2009, 175:1178-1186. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text


text:
Senior-dominated USC out for another conference title
TribLIVE Sports Videos
During the 2012 season, the Upper St. Clair football team ranked second in WPIAL Class AAAA in scoring (10.0) and first in shutouts (five) and kept its opponent without a touchdown in exactly half of its 12 games.
The Panthers' defense, on paper, figures to be even better this season. Nine starters return on defense, and a Pitt recruit has been (re-)added to the mix.
"We're going to be an experienced group," veteran coach Jim Render said. "We're going to have a senior-dominated team, so in that regard the personality of the team is a little older — and hopefully a little more mature."
The Panthers have won at least a share of their conference title during eight of the past 12 seasons, including each of the past two years. With the notable exception of the quarterback position, the majority of starting spots are filled by returnees from last season's 10-2, WPIAL Class AAAA semifinalist.
As linebacker/quarterback Joe Repischak noted, it's possible that at many times this season all 22 positions on the field for Upper St. Clair will be manned by seniors.
"With that amount of experience, we're pretty confident we can do some big things," Repischak said.
Repischak is involved in the most prominent position battle of preseason camp — he and fellow senior J.J. Conn entered it vying to be the Panthers' starting quarterback.
"They've waited their turn and now have their chance to prove they can play," Render said. "They're both a little over 6-2, and they have long frames."
While in recent years the Panthers' quarterbacks have been more of the "dual-threat" ilk, Repischak and Conn are known more for their passing. The running will be left to a deep collection of backs that includes Steve Mackowick, Mac Pope, Phil Saracco and fullback Trevor Morrow. All are seniors.
Upper St. Clair is so experienced and senior-heavy it even has the rare high school fifth-year senior. Tight end/Rori Blair, who late last month made a verbal commitment to Pitt, returns to the football team after missing last season while recovering from a stroke he suffered in 2012.
"Rori is a unique person who's got a lot of talent," Render said of the 6-foot-3, 225-pound Blair, who will play both offensively and defensively. "He's got long arms and a big frame and he's quick. He hasn't played football in almost two years, so we hope we can teach him some things — and then turn him loose. But he will be an A-plus player for us."
Blair will play on the line on defense for the Panthers, joining linemen Pope and Ben Huss, safety Morgan Lee and either Conn or Repischak at linebacker as projected leaders of what should be another dominant Upper St. Clair defense.
"Obviously, we want to set the bar high," Repischak said. "Our goals are definitely to try to make it to Heinz Field (for the WPIAL championship game) — and I think we could make a run at a state title."
Show commenting policy
TribLive commenting policy
You are solely responsible for your comments and by using TribLive.com you agree to our Terms of Service.
We moderate comments. Our goal is to provide substantive commentary for a general readership. By screening submissions, we provide a space where readers can share intelligent and informed commentary that enhances the quality of our news and information.
While most comments will be posted if they are on-topic and not abusive, moderating decisions are subjective. We will make them as carefully and consistently as we can. Because of the volume of reader comments, we cannot review individual moderation decisions with readers.
We value thoughtful comments representing a range of views that make their point quickly and politely. We make an effort to protect discussions from repeated comments either by the same reader or different readers.
We follow the same standards for taste as the daily newspaper. A few things we won't tolerate: personal attacks, obscenity, vulgarity, profanity (including expletives and letters followed by dashes), commercial promotion, impersonations, incoherence, proselytizing and SHOUTING. Don't include URLs to Web sites.
We do not edit comments. They are either approved or deleted. We reserve the right to edit a comment that is quoted or excerpted in an article. In this case, we may fix spelling and punctuation.
We welcome strong opinions and criticism of our work, but we don't want comments to become bogged down with discussions of our policies and we will moderate accordingly.
We appreciate it when readers and people quoted in articles or blog posts point out errors of fact or emphasis and will investigate all assertions. But these suggestions should be sent via e-mail. To avoid distracting other readers, we won't publish comments that suggest a correction. Instead, corrections will be made in a blog post or in an article.
Most-Read Football
- VND high school notebook: Kiski Area's Heavner keeps things interesting
- Through the years: Brown's heroics lead Burrell to win
- High school notebook: WPIAL title games could stay at The Pete, Heinz Field
- Through the years: Leechburg edges Freeport in mud
- Surprising starts vault football teams into WPIAL playoff picture
- Unbeaten Ringgold, BVA to collide for conference supremacy.
- Southmoreland varsity gridders helping midget football teams
- Previewing some of Western Pennsylvania's top Week 6 matchups
- PIAA votes to expand classifications in football, other sports
- WPIAL: Schools must suspend three players
- 2-time reigning state champ South Fayette to face stern test from unbeaten Steel Valley


text:
The International Institute of Minnesota welcomes New Americans to the Twin Cities and offers them a continuum of services to promote their full integration into our community. The Institute's programming includes job training and language classes as well as refugee resettlement, immigration, citizenship, and anti-human trafficking services. We are guided by the knowledge that a strong start to a new life enhances the ability of New Americans and their children to contribute fully as members of our community.
Spotlight on Results
Although students in our Nursing Assistant Training are foreign-born and second language learners, our graduates continue to pass both the written and skills portions of the State certification test at a higher rate than all other test takers in the state of Minnesota. In the past five years, 85% of all nursing assistant students were employed following certification. On top of these excellent employment statistics, our graduates have strong job retention records in an industry where turnover is common – 90% are still employed after six months and 88% are still employed after one year. Our Nursing Assistant Training is in its 20th year, and in January we enrolled our 2,000th student.
Refugee Experience
Refugees are forced from their homes and communities by war, persecution, and famine. When refugees flee, they leave with only what they can carry. Many refugees hope that they will one day be able to return home. The journey to refugee camps is dangerous; many who leave die on the journey. Often the violence the refugees are trying to escape continues until they cross the border into a neighboring country. Refugee camps vary significantly around the world, but they do all share some common features. Refugee camps are intended as temporary establishments for small numbers of people. Camps are often overcrowded, and some of these "temporary" camps have existed for more than two decades. Refugees are resettled only when there is no other option; only about one percent of the 15.9 million refugees in the world are resettled to third countries in a year. Once a refugee is relocated to the United States, they are supported by a Voluntary Resettlement Agency, such as the Institute.
Meet Shegitu
News & Upcoming Events
Double Your Donation
All donations to the Institute from new donors will be matched dollar-for-dollar by the Pohlad Family Foundation.
Scholarship Opportunity for New Americans
Check out our blog for the latest on what's happening at the Institute.


text:
Apple updates Mac Pro firmware, Tiger Airport drivers
updated 11:25 pm EDT, Thu March 27, 2008
Mac Pro Tiger Airport
Apple today unveiled two updates, one for its Airport drivers under Mac OS X 10.4.x Tiger, and a firmware update for the Mac Pro (Early 2008), bringing the firmware to version 1.3. The AirPort Extreme Update 2008-001 for Tiger is recommended for all users with Intel-based Macs equipped with Tiger, and is said to enhance the reliability of AirPort connections. The update is 1.3MB, and is available from Software Update, as well as Apple's support page.
Details are sparse for the Mac Pro EFI Firmware Update 1.3, simply stating that it resolves several stability issues and updates the BootROM version to MP31.006C.B05. Firmware updates require uninterrupted installation, so users are urged to pay special attention to the installation instructions.


text:
ad: 300x250_1_MLB
Weekly email list
- Reds To Retain Bryan Price
- Marlins Front Office To Undergo "Significant Changes"
- Manfred Interested In MLB Expansion To Mexico
- Braves Name John Coppolella General Manager
- Jeremy Affeldt To Retire At Season's End
- Re-Signing Iwakuma A Priority For Mariners
- Greg Holland To Undergo Tommy John Surgery On Friday
- Stephen Piscotty Leaves Game After Collision
- Angels Sign Mat Latos
- Mariners Hire Jerry Dipoto As General Manager
Search MLBTR
Trade Rumors Apps
MLBTR Podcast
MLBTR Features
- Trade Rumors iOS App
- Trade Rumors Android App
- MLBTR Podcast
- Reverse Standings
- 2016 MLB Free Agent List
- Players That Have Cleared Revocable Waivers
- Transaction Tracker
- DFA Tracker
- Agency Database
- MLBTR On Facebook
- MLBTR On Twitter
- Team Twitter/RSS Feeds
- Team Facebook Pages
- Hoops Rumors
- Pro Football Rumors
Recent posts
- AL East Notes: Anthopoulos, Samardzija, Farrell, Lovullo, Red Sox
- NL East Notes: Scherzer, Harang, Pierzynski, Matz, Ichiro
- West Notes: Nevin, Puig, Iwakuma, Dipoto
- Santiago Casilla's 2016 Option Vests
- Twins Notes: Hunter, Pitching, Cotts
- AL Notes: Chen, Hamilton, Athletics, Walters
- Dipoto On Marte, Wilhelmsen, Mariners' Core
- Reds To Retain Bryan Price
- Marlins Front Office To Undergo "Significant Changes"
- Rosenthal On Eppler, Cherington, Orioles, Black
- Tigers Notes: Closers, Rondon, Simon
- East Notes: Staub, O'Day, Hanley
- Manfred Interested In MLB Expansion To Mexico
- Week In Review: 9/26/15 – 10/2/15
- Latest On Phillies' GM Search
Rumors by team
- Angels Rumors
- Astros Rumors
- Athletics Rumors
- Blue Jays Rumors
- Braves Rumors
- Brewers Rumors
- Cardinals Rumors
- Cubs Rumors
- Diamondbacks Rumors
- Dodgers Rumors
- Giants Rumors
- Indians Rumors
- Mariners Rumors
- Marlins Rumors
- Mets Rumors
- Nationals Rumors
- Orioles Rumors
- Padres Rumors
- Phillies Rumors
- Pirates Rumors
- Rangers Rumors
- Rays Rumors
- Red Sox Rumors
- Reds Rumors
- Rockies Rumors
- Royals Rumors
- Tigers Rumors
- Twins Rumors
- White Sox Rumors
- Yankees Rumors
ad: 160x600_MLB
2013 Arbitration Eligibles Rumors
NL Notes: D'backs, Rafael Soriano, Posey, Marlins
Seven years ago today, the Diamondbacks came to terms with Justin Upton, the first overall selection in the 2005 amateur draft, on a five-year, $6.1MM contract. The deal marked the largest signing bonus given in a minor league contract for a drafted player, who was not a free agent. Today, Upton is the prime trade target of the offseason. Just within the last 24 hours, we learned there is no match with the Padres, the Braves haven't engaged in Upton talks since before Christmas, and speculation that a deal will happen as soon as Arizona is offered the right mix of players. In non-Upton news involving the Diamondbacks and the rest of the Senior Circuit:
- If the Diamondbacks don't move one of their outfielders, look for Adam Eaton to open the season at Triple-A, according to MLB.com's Steve Gilbert. "That's not in a perfect world what we want to have happen," GM Kevin Towers told Gilbert. "But we're not going to move an outfielder in a lousy deal just to move an outfielder."
- Within the same piece, Towers says discussions have been held with the Diamondbacks' six arbitration eligible players and he expects those negotiations to go down to the wire. You can follow the Diamondbacks' arbitration cases and those of MLB's other 29 teams with MLBTR's Arbitration Tracker.
- Acknowledging it sounds crazy and doesn't really think it's going to happen, Adam Kilgore of the Washington Post urges the Nationals to sign free agent closer Rafael Soriano. Kilgore sees agent Scott Boras convincing owner Ted Lerner the franchise has a finite window of competing for titles and Soriano is the final, missing piece.
- Earlier today, ESPN.com's Buster Olney suggested the Giants should look into signing Buster Posey to a Joey Votto-type extension. Henry Schulman of the San Francisco Chronicle, however, would be surprised by such a deal because the Giants have been burned by long-term contracts given to Barry Zito and Aaron Rowand. Schulman tweeted a good starting point in Posey talks would be the $53.5MM given to Tim Lincecum during his four-years of arbitration eligibility.
- The Marlins are sifting through the batch of unsigned free agent relievers and are able to sign an inexpensive arm or two with the salary relief leftover from trading Yunel Escobar, according to the Miami Herald's Clark Spencer.
- Rick VandenHurk, released yesterday by the Pirates, will sign with the Samsung Lions of the Korean Baseball Organization, according to Naver, a Korean news service, confirming a report first tweeted by Dan Kurtz of MyKBO.net.
Share 0 Retweet 25 Send via email0
2013 Arbitration Eligibles Series
MLBTR's series profiling each team's group of arbitration eligible players is now complete. Here are links to the team-specific posts detailing arbitration cases around MLB.
Matt Swartz has developed a very accurate model that MLBTR uses to project arbitration salaries, as explained in this series of posts. We've heard from many MLB teams and agencies that reference the projections in their work. Here's a link to every player's projected salary and you can also click here to download an Excel spreadsheet with the projections. Now for the team by team previews…
AL East
AL Central
AL West
NL East
NL Central
NL West
Share 0 Retweet 15 Send via email0
Full Story | 0 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles
Arbitration Eligibles: Boston Red Sox
The Red Sox are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Scott Atchison ($800K)
- Second time: Andrew Bailey ($3.9MM), Alfredo Aceves ($2.6MM), Daniel Bard ($1.6MM), Andrew Miller ($1.4MM), Franklin Morales ($1.4MM)
- Third time: Jacoby Ellsbury ($8.1MM), Jarrod Saltalamacchia ($3.9MM), Craig Breslow ($2.4MM), Ryan Sweeney ($1.8MM), Rich Hill ($1.1MM)
Jacoby Ellsbury and many of Boston's relievers will head to arbitration this coming offseason. The Red Sox have a large class of players that includes a number of non-tender candidates.
Relievers Atchison, Hill and Aceves could all be non-tendered. Hill and Atchison dealt with elbow injuries this past season. The health of Atchison's pitching elbow remains in question, and Hill might not be viewed as a $1MM player after spending so much of the 2012 season on the disabled list. Aceves projects to earn $2.6MM thanks to his lofty saves total, but he could also be non-tendered.
Sweeney made three trips to the disabled list last season and didn't hit particularly well when healthy. Depending on what the Red Sox do to address their outfield this month, he could also lose his roster spot.
The remainder of the team's arbitration class includes four relievers in line for modest raises or no raises at all. Bard spent much of the 2012 season in the minor leagues, so his projected salary sits at $1.6MM. Bailey also missed most of the season, which means he projects to earn $3.9MM again. Meanwhile, Breslow should jump from $1.8MM to $2.4MM and Miller should obtain a modest raise to $1.4MM or so.
Ellsbury, Boston's best-paid arbitration eligible player and one of the top earning arb eligible players in MLB, projects to obtain a token raise to $8.1MM. His arbitration case won't be nearly as interesting as it was a year ago, when he obtained a substantial raise. The question remains: will the Red Sox pursue an extension with Ellsbury, settle for a one-year deal, or trade him?
Finally, Saltalamacchia and Morales will see their salaries jump following productive seasons at the MLB level. It's possible another team will be responsible for Saltalamacchia's case, as he appears to be a trade candidate.
If the Red Sox tender contracts to everyone but Atchison, Hill, Aceves and Sweeney, they'll have committed approximately $22.7MM to seven players for 2013.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts.
Full Story | 0 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | Boston Red Sox
Arbitration Eligibles: Texas Rangers
The Rangers are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Neftali Feliz ($3.1MM)
- Second time: Matt Harrison ($6.1MM)
- Third time: David Murphy ($5.6MM), Geovany Soto ($4.6MM)
The Rangers' class of arbitration eligible players includes three major contributors and one player likely to be non-tendered.
Soto, the club's lone non-tender candidate, struggled at the plate in Chicago then hit poorly after joining the Rangers. With a projected salary of $4.6MM, he's expected to be cut loose by the end of the month. Back in August I looked at Soto's case in detail, suggesting a non-tender was likely.
Feliz's salary is fairly difficult to project because of his recent role change and injury. The 24-year-old right-hander spent most of his career as a reliever, and MLBTR projects a $3.1MM salary based mostly on his relief work. Feliz, who underwent Tommy John surgery in August, will certainly be tendered a contract even though he's expected to miss most of next season.
Harrison and Murphy both project to earn salaries in the $6MM range. Perhaps the Rangers will explore a possible extension with Harrison in order prolong his stay in Texas beyond 2014. Murphy could also be an extension candidate following a particularly productive season.
Assuming the Rangers tender contracts to Feliz, Harrison and Murphy, they'll have committed roughly $14.8MM to three players in 2013.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts.
Full Story | 0 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | Texas Rangers
Arbitration Eligibles: Detroit Tigers
The Tigers are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Doug Fister ($3.8MM), Austin Jackson ($3.1MM), Alex Avila ($2.5MM), Brennan Boesch ($2.1MM)
- Second time: Max Scherzer ($7.5MM), Rick Porcello ($4.7MM), Phil Coke ($1.7MM)
- Third time: Ryan Raburn ($2.1MM)
Many of the Tigers' top players are headed to arbitration this offseason. The team has a large, expensive class that could shrink if a pair of players are non-tendered.
Three fifths of the Tigers' rotation heads to arbitration this offseason, and while Fister and Scherzer are extension candidates, Porcello could be traded if the Tigers sign a free agent starter. Fister trails Scherzer by one year in the arbitration process and will end up earning about as much in 2013 as Scherzer did in 2012. Despite their different styles of pitching they're actually reasonable comps in terms of innings, starts, wins and ERA. If the Tigers extend Fister he'd figure to obtain a deal of at least four years and $30MM.
It might be more challenging to extend Scherzer. Not only is he a Scott Boras client, he's one year closer to free agency, and impact starters are always in high demand. Jackson, another Boras client, might also appeal to the Tigers as a long-term answer in center field.
The circumstances surrounding Detroit's final extension candidate are unique. Alex Avila's father, Al Avila, works in the Detroit front office as the team's assistant GM. As MLBTR's Extension Tracker shows, most recent extensions for catchers with three-plus years of service end up in the $8-16MM range.
Coke rounds out the Tigers' arbitration class along with two non-tender candidates. Both Raburn and Boesch struggled at the plate this past season after showing offensive promise earlier in their careers. They could both be non-tendered given their projected salaries in the $2MM range.
If the Tigers tender contracts to Fister, Jackson, Avila, Scherzer, Porcello and Coke, they'll be facing an estimated total of $23.3MM for six players.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts.
Full Story | 0 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | Detroit Tigers
Arbitration Eligibles: Chicago White Sox
The White Sox are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Gordon Beckham ($3.1MM), Alejandro De Aza ($1.7MM), Dan Johnson ($1.2MM), Philip Humber ($1.1MM)
Chicago's class of arbitration eligible players consists of four first timers, two of whom project as non-tender candidates.
Humber's season began with a perfect game, but it could end with a non-tender. He projects to earn more than $1MM and could be released given his 2012 production. Not only did he miss time with a strained elbow, he struggled for much of the season and finished the year with a 6.44 ERA and 23 home runs allowed in 102 innings.
Johnson appeared in 14 games with the White Sox once rosters expanded in September, but he doesn't appear to have a significant role on next year's White Sox team. He, too, could lose his roster spot on or before the November 30th deadline for teams to tender contracts to arbitration eligible players.
Beckham has been a fixture in Chicago's lineup since 2009, and he has some power, so he projects to earn north of $3MM as a first time eligible player. While his 2012 numbers are nothing extraordinary, he has a long track record at the MLB level that will help his case.
De Aza, on the other hand, picked up 60% of his career plate appearances this past season. He doesn't have the career bulk to match Beckham's projected salary, but he'll still earn a substantial raise — expect a salary in the $1.7MM range for the center fielder.
If the White Sox tender contracts to only Beckham and De Aza, they'll be looking at an estimated total just shy of $5MM for the two players. That total could rise if the White Sox choose to retain Johnson and Humber, but even then it won't climb by much.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts.
Full Story | 0 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | Chicago White Sox
Arbitration Eligibles: New York Yankees
The Yankees are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Jayson Nix ($900K), David Herndon ($600K)
- Second time: Brett Gardner ($2.8MM), David Robertson ($2.7MM), Eli Whiteside ($600K)
- Third time: Phil Hughes ($5.7MM), Joba Chamberlain ($1.8MM)
- Fourth time: Boone Logan ($2.8MM)
The Yankees' class of arbitration eligible players doesn't feature any prohibitively expensive players, but it'll still be a relatively expensive group to retain for 2013.
Hughes leads the way with a projected salary of $5.7MM. He won 16 games and completed more than 200 innings (counting postseason play), which helps his case as he goes to arbitration for the third and final time. Two more key members of the pitching staff, Logan and Robertson, project to get raises of approximately $1MM following strong seasons. Logan projects to earn $2.8MM after appearing in 80 games and striking out more than a batter per inning. Robertson won't be far behind after striking out ever more hitters, posting an ERA under 3.00, and collecting a pair of saves.
On the other hand, Gardner and Chamberlain missed too much of the 2012 season to obtain significant raises in 2013. Baseball's collective bargaining agreement prevents the Yankees from drastically cutting the players' salaries through the arbitration process, which means both Gardner and Chamberlain are expected to return on similar salaries in 2013.
Nix appears to be a non-tender candidate, as do recent waiver claims Whiteside and Herndon. Though Nix's versatility adds value, he could be cut loose if the Yankees are hesitant to commit nearly $1MM to a player who adds so little on offense. Whiteside provides depth, but he could also be non-tendered after spending most of the 2012 season in the minor leagues. And Herndon will miss the beginning of the 2013 season to recover from Tommy John surgery, which means his roster spot isn't completely secure.
Assuming the Yankees retain Gardner, Robertson, Hughes, Chamberlain and Logan, they'll have committed $15.8MM to five eligible players in 2013.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts.
Full Story | 0 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | New York Yankees
Arbitration Eligibles: Toronto Blue Jays
The Blue Jays are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Cory Wade ($700K), Bobby Wilson ($600K)
- Second time: Colby Rasmus ($4.5MM), J.A. Happ ($3.8MM)
The Blue Jays have a relatively small arbitration class that includes two of the players who project as key contributors in 2013.
One of those players, Rasmus, seemed like an emerging extension candidate when, midway through the season, he had 17 home runs and an .821 OPS. Rasmus' numbers dropped off substantially in the second half and while his season totals of 23 home runs and 75 RBI will lead to a substantial raise in arbitration, the center fielder no longer seems like an definite candidate for a long-term deal. He'll do reasonably well as a second time eligible player, with a projected salary of $4.5MM.
Happ recovered from a slow start in Toronto to finish in impressive fashion. In six late-season starts he limited walks and home runs while striking out more than a batter per inning. Small sample size warnings apply, but those six starts were a definite positive for a Toronto team in serious need of starting pitching. Though Happ looked like a borderline non-tender candidate immediately after arriving in Toronto, he's now expected to be tendered a contract — expect a salary in the $3.8MM range.
Neither one of the team's other arbitration eligible players has played as much as one inning for the Blue Jays. GM Alex Anthopoulos claimed Wade and Wilson off of waivers last month and so far they've held onto their 40-man roster spots. Wade allowed eight home runs in 39 innings this past season despite a strong strikeout to walk ratio and appears to be a non-tender candidate. Wilson provides the Blue Jays with depth, but it's hard to see a role for him if both J.P. Arencibia and Jeff Mathis are healthy members of the organization at the end of Spring Training. If the Blue Jays need 40-man roster space this month, Wilson's spot could be threatened. Otherwise, he provides the team with affordable, low-risk depth at a key position.
For a while it appeared this class would be bigger. The Blue Jays lost David Herndon on waivers to the Yankees; Jesse Litsch would have been arbitration eligible again, but he lost his 40-man roster spot; Rajai Davis and the Blue Jays recently agreed to terms on a deal for 2013.
If the Blue Jays tender contracts to all four eligible players, they're looking at an estimated total just shy of $10MM.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts.
Full Story | 0 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | Toronto Blue Jays
Arbitration Eligibles: Miami Marlins
The Marlins are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series, with one of the smallest arbitration classes. The Marlins are one of baseball's "file and trial" teams, in that they're known to automatically go to an arbitration hearing if figures are exchanged. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Ryan Webb ($900K)
- Second time: Emilio Bonifacio ($2.5MM)
- Third time: None
Webb came to the Marlins two years ago along with Edward Mujica, in the deal that sent Cameron Maybin to San Diego. Webb, who turns 27 in February, excels mainly at keeping the ball in the yard. He's generally hittable and doesn't post great strikeout rates, and spent some time in Triple-A in July. But at less than a million bucks, I think the Marlins will keep Webb around for 2013, especially having subtracted Heath Bell from their bullpen.
Bonifacio, 28 in April, missed a huge portion of the season due to a torn ligament in his thumb and a knee sprain. He still managed to steal 30 bases in only 64 games. Perhaps the Marlins will consider making him the permanent center fielder (he also plays infield) in 2013. Bonifacio won an arbitration hearing against the Marlins in February, after the team took their standard hardline stance despite a difference of only $250K.
Assuming both players are tendered contracts, the Marlins are looking at an estimated $3.4MM for their arbitration eligibles.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts. To see projected arbitration salaries for all players, click here.
Share 0 Retweet 12 Send via email0
Full Story | 1 Comment | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | Miami Marlins
Arbitration Eligibles: Washington Nationals
The Nationals are next in our 2013 Arbitration Eligibles series. Matt Swartz's salary projections are below.
- First time: Ian Desmond ($3.2MM), Ross Detwiler ($2.2MM), Drew Storen ($1.7MM), Roger Bernadina ($1.1MM), Craig Stammen ($900K)
- Second time: Jordan Zimmermann ($4.9MM), Tyler Clippard ($4.6MM)
- Third time: John Lannan ($5MM), Tom Gorzelanny ($2.8MM)
- Fourth time: Jesus Flores ($1.2MM)
Lannan projects as the team's most expensive arbitration eligible player even without a raise. It was a rough year for the 28-year-old, who lost his arbitration case in February, lost the team's fifth starter competition to Detwiler in April, requested a trade, and then remained in the organization to post pedestrian Triple-A numbers for most of his season. A non-tender should cap off his year, which will at least lead to free agency and a fresh start.
Zimmermann is a mainstay atop the Nats' rotation, as the 26-year-old posted his best season with 195 2/3 innings of 2.94 ball in the regular season. Comparables remain light among those with three to four years of big league service, especially since Zimmermann was a Super Two. Perhaps a new extension comp will emerge among Max Scherzer, Matt Harrison, and Homer Bailey. If not, I could picture $45MM over five years (two of them free agent seasons) for Zimmermann. Detwiler, the team's first overall pick in the 2007 draft, did solid work at the back end of the Nationals' rotation prior to his first arbitration year.
The Nationals have four arbitration eligible relievers in Clippard, Storen, Gorzelanny, and Stammen. When an elbow injury sidelined Storen in Spring Training, Clippard was initially denied a shot at closing in favor of Henry Rodriguez and Brad Lidge. A larger committee took hold by late May, after which Clippard took hold of the job. Storen was activated on July 19th, but Clippard still picked up 17 saves after that point and finished with 32. The situation helped Clippard financially, as nothing earns bigger bucks for a reliever than saves. As reliever salaries continue to rise, Clippard is still a good value at under $5MM. Meanwhile, the abbreviated campaign and small saves total cost Storen some bucks in advance of his first arbitration year. Gorzelanny and Stammen both had solid years and should also be retained.
Flores seemed like a trade candidate a year ago, but he received decent playing time in 2012 after starting catcher Wilson Ramos went down. Flores didn't do much with his audition, and now Kurt Suzuki is projected to split time with Ramos in 2013. A trade or non-tender is in Flores' future; like Lannan, he'll welcome the change of scenery. Bernadina had a very strong season as a much-needed utility outfielder, and he'll be retained.
The Nationals' patience with Desmond paid off, as the shortstop had a breakthrough age 26 season. Desmond played well in a sabermetric sense, but also had the surface numbers that pay well in arbitration (batting average, home runs, RBI, steals). Since 2013 is his first arbitration year, he'll remain affordable at around $3.2MM. The Nationals had preliminary extension talks with Desmond during the season, which will likely be rekindled soon. Alexei Ramirez's $32.5MM extension with the White Sox could be a point of reference.
Assuming everyone except Lannan and Flores are retained, the Nationals are looking at an estimated $21.4MM for eight arbitration eligible players.
Matt Swartz's arbitration projections are available exclusively at MLB Trade Rumors. To read more about his projection model, check out this series of posts. To see projected arbitration salaries for all players, click here.
Full Story | 7 Comments | Categories: 2013 Arbitration Eligibles | Washington Nationals


text:
Cups and Mugs
GSI Outdoors
Guyot Designs
Kelly Kettle
Priceless than $25
$25 - $49.99
$50 - $99.99
$100 and above
Recent Cup/Mug Reviews
GSI Outdoors Fairshare Mug
Solid bowl, good for storing leftovers. The Fairshare is a cool bit of mess kit. I find it's not all that handy for most of my two-person trips as my pot sets have their own mugs. When a bowl is needed though it's handy. It's resealable so you can store leftovers very easily. The big opening allows you to shove your hand in and clean it out with ease. Definitely a solid bit of kit. Full review
Imusa Aluminum Mug
Imusa aluminum mug/pot 1 liter I had been admiring one of these with my wife in a store while on a trip. Once I got home, before I could decide whether to get one, they stopped carrying them. Later, my wife came across one on the clearance rack for under $3 and got it for me. It has a good capacity at over a quart, has a stable wide bottom, which is also efficient for collecting heat. It is aluminum which conducts heat well. There is no nonstick coating to be damaged. You can't beat the price. Full review
Silipint Half Pint
Originally thought of as a car-camping accessory, I've found many other uses for these cups in the backcountry. Great not only for car-camping and back porch sipping, but also a serviceable and durable cup or bowl while making meals in the backcountry. Conditions: After a couple years of drinking from these cups everytime I visited my friend's place, I finally decided to look into buying myself some. While looking into which ones to buy, I noticed that Silipint was hosting a social media giveaway… Full review
GSI Outdoors Infinity Insulated Mug
This is a very smartly priced mug, insulated for cold or hot beverages. It is lightweight, durable, and has served us well for canoe camping and car camping trips. It also would be good for backpacking or day hiking excursions. This is a great mug for our camping purposes. We do not usually backpack, but since we canoe camp, we do appreciate how light this mug is. It only weighs 3.2 0z. It also comes in a variety of colors. The mug is strong, made of BPA-free polypropylene, and is dishwasher safe. Full review
REI Campware Cup
This is a lightweight, functional, and cheap cup that surprisingly has become my favorite one. It is a simple cup that meets all my needs, except when it is below freezing. I am slightly surprised to be writing this review. I picked up an REI camp mug on a whim a couple of years ago because it was so cheap, and it has become my standard cup for all my trips unless it is staying below freezing. This 1.75 oz cup is sturdy and simple in design, easy to clean, and doesn't burn when holding it or drinking. Full review
Vargo Titanium Ti-lite Mug (900 ml)
Ti mug/cook pot with lid. Lid has plastic knob lifter and vent/pour holes. Vargo's Ti-lite 900ml mug and lid (119g + 27g = 146g) is large enough to boil over two cups of water and stow much of your kit when not in use. Diameter is sufficient to store a small fuel canister. The lid has a plastic knob lifter instead of the metal lifters I've seen on other designs. The plastic knob helps prevent burns vs. the metal lifters. The lid also features vent/pour holes with a single hole on one side… Full review
Kupilka 21
A drinking vessel for home, work, or the wilderness for those who prize traditional styling. Not for ultralighters except as a luxury item, but this cup is good quality, easy to use and clean, and satisfying to use. For quite some time I was obsessed with gram shaving, an addiction that seems to befall some backpackers inclined toward such madness. There is a glee in weighing all of one's gear, and for some time I was content to carry a TOAKS titanium mug (450 ml/15.2 oz; weight: 92 g/ 3.2 oz)… Full review
REI Doppio Stainless-Steel Tumbler
Great cup that coffee shops love to work with, especially for small drinks like espresso or cortados. Feels like a regular cup, not a travel cup. I bought this cup because I love cortado coffees and wanted an appropriately sized reusable cup. It fits easily in my bag or pocket. The cup is one of the few I found that has a smooth rim so that drinking without the lid feels like a well formed coffee cup. Plus it impresses all the baristas because it is a great shape for steaming and adding the milk! Full review
REI Vacuum Clip Mug
These mugs are awesome. This is the best mug on the planet. I got several of these mugs years ago at REI. They were so awesome I got more. I have lost a few over the years, and they have gotten beat up from use but they are still my favorite mugs. I had some credit at REI and went back to get some more since mine are so old and beat up and was distraught to discover that they discontinued them. What a shame. I have looked online and searched forever. I was thrilled to find them again and immediately… Full review
Top-Rated Cups and Mugs
Sort by: name | rating | price | availability | recently reviewed


text: Mark Zuckerberg Cut & Pasty 1/2/2013 7:10 AM PST BY TMZ STAFF Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg is white hot -- exposing his burly man chest while vacationing in Maui. Zuck wasn't shy about sharing his topless physique while taking his wife Priscilla Chan out for a private surf lesson.See, there is something $14 billion can't buy. See also Winklevoss Twins -- We Still Believe in FacebookMark Zuckerberg -- Alleged Stalker Claims Facebook Honcho Tried to Have Him KilledWinklevoss Twins -- Drop $18 Million of Facebook Cash on L.A. Mansion Get TMZ Breaking News alerts to your inbox Yes! Also send me "In Case You Missed It..." By clicking "Submit," you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. >


text:
- Infowars - http://www.infowars.com -
Hubble Snaps Picture of Potential "Comet of the Century"
Posted By Adan On April 25, 2013 @ 5:46 pm In Old Infowars Posts Style,Science & Technology | Comments Disabled
April 25, 2013
This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of Comet (C/2012 S1) ISON was photographed on April 10, when the comet was slightly closer than Jupiter's orbit at a distance of 386 million miles from the Sun (394 million miles from Earth).
Even at that great distance the comet is already active as sunlight warms the surface and causes frozen volatiles to sublimate. A detailed analysis of the dust coma surrounding the solid, icy nucleus reveals a strong, jet blasting dust particles off the sunward-facing side of the comet's nucleus.
Preliminary measurements from the Hubble images suggest that the nucleus of ISON is no larger than three or four miles across. This is remarkably small considering the high level of activity observed in the comet so far, said researchers. Astronomers are using these images to measure the activity level of this comet and constrain the size of the nucleus, in order to predict the comet's activity when it skims 700,000 miles above the sun's roiling surface on November 28.
The comet's dusty coma, or head of the comet, is approximately 3,100 miles across, or 1.2 times the width of Australia. A dust tail extends more than 57,000 miles, far beyond Hubble's field of view.
More careful analysis is currently underway to improve these measurements and to predict the possible outcome of the sungrazing perihelion passage of this comet.
This image was taken in visible light. The blue false color was added to bring out details in the comet structure.
ISON stands for International Scientific Optical Network, a group of observatories in ten countries who have organized to detect, monitor, and track objects in space. ISON is managed by the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, part of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Article printed from Infowars: http://www.infowars.com
URL to article: http://www.infowars.com/hubble-snaps-picture-of-potential-comet-of-the-century/
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2015 Infowars. All rights reserved.


text:
Free shipping on most orders over $99
Ask us about our project planning capabilities
You have no items in your shopping cart.
Ships via Estimated Ground Delivery.
* Required Fields
SKU: Make your selection above, to show.Page ID: CQ60553600
Unit: EA
Thumb notched for easy access, they open to 3/4 inches wide to hold over 100 sheets securely. A stainless steel ID plate on the front cover holds 1/2 inch labels for identification. Available in brushed Blue and Red anodized aluminum, they measure 12 inches high by 9 inches wide by 3/4 inch deep.
Be the first to review this product
Click on image to zoom
The written material on Claflinequip.com is provided for our customers' information only; it is not intended to be used for diagnosing or treating a disease, medical condition, or prescribing medication. It is strongly recommended that you consult health care professionals for medical advice.


text:
DERBY– Brutal weather conditions didn't stop nearly a thousand people from taking part in the eighth annual Northeast Fishing Derby. The event ran Thursday through Sunday afternoon. A banquet at Wright's Enterprises was held Saturday.Â
More than 900 entrants, including 160 youngsters, dropped a line in any of the 30-plus lakes and ponds in the Northeast Kingdom. This year's tournament was up about 60 entries compared to past years, something Ron Wright, promoter and organizer, credits to advertising and word of mouth by past competitors.
DERBY LINE – Union workers at Tivoly ratified a new contract Saturday at a vote held at the American Legion Newport Post #21. Workers voted to accept the contract 109 to 3 with 130 eligible voting members.
"It was a huge turnout with a remarkable win," said Wally Watson, president of Local 1829, which is part of District IV. The organization belongs to the International Association of Machinists.
NEWPORT–After coming close earlier in the week against CVU, the North Country girls finally picked up their fifth, and arguably biggest, win of the season, defeating a very good BFA St. Albans squad 49-37.
"It is important that when we get leads, we maintain leads," said coach Brown, "They (BFA) tied it up and our girls dug in and fought and showed that they had toughness and that they wanted it more."
From the opening tip, it looked like it was going to be a defensive battle as the points were few and far between.
Newport–In girls action, the United Christian Academy Crusaders fell behind early to the Cabot Huskies, by a score of 12-7 at the end of the first and by 20-9 with 2 minutes to go in the half before UCA began to claw back.
A pair of Hannah Piette baskets and a 2 by Whitney Carter cut the score to 20-16 heading into the break.
Lake Region Wins its Regular Season Finale on the Road
Richford – LR took to the road to face the Falcons of Richford Friday night and they walked away with an easy 42-17 victory.
Drew Gallup was the high scorer with 14 points.
After starting the season a dismal 1-8 the Rangers have rebounded to the tune of a 9-2 record to finish the season .500 at 10-10.
The Blue and White look to have locked up the 10 seed in the Division 2 playoffs, with a first round matchup on the road against the #7 seed Montpelier Solons. The official pairings however will be released later today.
NEWPORT CITY – Cleanup crews were busy Friday removing asbestos flooring at the Orleans County District Courthouse. Friday was a regular furlough day for court staff so court was not in session.
The tiles were in the lobby area of the courthouse, Al Simard, district facility manager for Buildings and General Services, said. The lobby is the only place in the building with asbestos tiles.
"We're going to get the asbestos out of the way because it's hazardous," he said. The state will probably replace the flooring with carpeting. "The least expensive thing we can do."
NEWPORT, VT - "When I first met my wife she was sitting right over there in the corner," Roger Cartee of Newport said as he toured the building, located on Central Street in Newport, which at one time housed the Express and Standard newspaper and later the Newport Daily Express. "She worked here in the main office and I was a part-time sports writer."
NEWPORT CITY – Four city residents are facing off at a chance to win one of two seats on the Newport City Council. Incumbents John Wilson and Tim de la Bruere are going up against Mark Guyette and Peter Holden.
Tim de la Bruere
De la Bruere is seeking his third two-year seat. He likes the council because there are no political lines. Instead, it is five "everyday people" in the city who come together to deal with municipal issues.Â
NEWPORT, VT - The School-Based Enterprise (SBE) at North Country Career Center of Newport, VT, was among 137 school stores in the United States achieving Gold Level Certification (or Gold Level Re-certification) this year and will be recognized at DECA's International Career Development Conference in Salt Lake City, Utah.
The students who worked on the certification were senior Alisha Duncan, juniors Tyler Paxman and Aidan Smith, assisted by advisors Sue Birchard and Lydia Alexander.