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Getting in step at the Simi Valley Cajun & Blues Festival
Dance instructors Greg Benusa and AJ Gibbs were in their element with full dance floors Saturday as they alternated teaching zydeco dance in between the live band performances at the Simi Valley Cajun & Blues Festival.
The festival, which continues today at Rancho Santa Susana Community Park, 5005 Los Angeles Ave., showcases performers on two stages, one for Cajun and zydeco and one for blues. Both stages have large dance floors.
"Rock step - slow - quick - quick - slow. Rock step - slow - quick - quick - slow."
That was Benusa's simplified lesson in front of the Cajun stage.
"You can do turns and stuff, much like swing," Benusa said. "It's more of a folk dance out of Louisiana and Texas than some of the other social dances like West Coast swing and East Coast swing. It came out of the Cajun and creole culture and the wonderful music and dance evolved.
"You can go to New Orleans and find it, but really you need to go west a couple of hours to Lafayette, Mamou, Appaloosa and all the small towns where the zydeco and cajun bands hover around that I-10 quarter between Lafayette and Houston," Benusa said. "It's in all the major cities now, though. It's become a sub-culture."
There are a lot of line dances done to Cajun and zydeco music as well. One is called the Cupid Shuffle. Gibbs taught one called The Wobble.
Gibbs, whose mother is from Louisiana, got involved with zydeco music in fifth grade when he started playing drums in a zydeco band. Dancing came later.
On Saturday, Gibbs got everybody out on the floor, men facing women, and he modeled the steps in the middle. Even a couple of little children were trying to follow.
Rose Mary Sangiago from Apple Valley said Gibbs moved a little faster in his lessons than Benusa.
"But everybody has been having fun and that's what we're here for," she said. "We come here every year and always have a good time."
"I learned a lot and it was a lot of fun. It was very technical so it was a little hard to follow, but after I worked on it for a few minutes, it was great," said dancing newcomer Gladys Citizen from Riverside. "I came here for the zydeco music. That's what the day is about."
Steve and Ava Bicknell came all the way from Culver City to hear the music and thought they'd give the dancing a try.
"We took the early lessons," said Steve Bicknell, 65. "I learned where to start and what to do. It was very instructional and my wife and I have been out on the floor practicing."
"We've taken dance lessons before, but not this kind," said Ava, 59. "Greg was so good at teaching it. He made it effortless and we've been out dancing ever since. We think we're good."
The Simi Valley Cajun & Blues Festival continues from 10:30 a.m. to 8 p.m. today. Tickets are $18 per day for adults (13 and over) and $15 for children ages 5 to 12. Kids under 5 are admitted free.
Simi Valley residents are eligible for a $3 discount for the event.
For more details, including information on free parking, go to http://www.cajun-blues.com.
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How can we make a difference for positive women and their communities? Listen, speak, and act. We aim to do just that working with individuals and organizations. Recognized as an expert on women's HIV-related health and accompanying social issues, we provide HIV education and prevention information in a variety of ways.
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Welcome ToMAKEUP.COM
May 22, 2014
3 Comments
› Comment
There was a time when your interest in your mom's beauty products far outweighed your interest in a 401K plan. These days, whimsy is often replaced with practicality. Sure, balancing your budget and meeting your career goals are valuable pursuits, but having a little fun is good for the soul. Relive a bit of your childhood with our favorite grown-up versions of childhood hairstyles.
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Hi all, I'm looking at the Go-Lite Sl2 and SL3 and I've had trouble finding full reviews of either product. I'm leaning towards the SL3 because as a big guy, I like to have a little extra space. I figure I can use trekking poles for the center support and cut some weight, thus making it a fairly light shelter system.Thoughts on either the Sl2 or SL3?
Ryan, I like the roomyness of the SL2, it's a great shelter. It's 9' long X 54" wide and 43" high. Don't get the inner net tent or floor as they weigh more than the shelter itself. One just like it is the "Black Diamond Betamid light". You can find good sales of them from time to time. I had John at "Bear Paw Wilderness Designs" sew a "Noseeum" perimiter and door on mine. There's lots of room for my wife and I plus all of our gear. I had to send it back 'cause he kinda didn't know how to stake it out correctly and had to modify it. It's seen here;http://bearpawwd.com/custom/custom_images/cshangrila2netdoor_1.jpgBest,Mulestomper
Edited by chumland on 03/24/2012 17:47:46 MDT.
I don't think you can go wrong with either one. We have both. Both are very roomy. I can't believe how long the SL2 is and its a little more narrow so it fits in tighter spots. If you are tall, I would probably recommend the SL2. The volume inside the SL3 is amazing. We call it the circus tent. I would say it is more livable and a better choice if you are stuck inside from bad weather. I like both better with just the bathtub floor instead of the 'nest'. The mesh in the nest eats up some of the interior volume and make them feel a little more cramped. If you need bug protection and plan to use the nest most of the time, then I would probably lean more towards the SL3. Our nest for the SL2 is much shorter than the fly (by about 1.5 ft). So, this negates the extra length and makes it trickier to get in and out. However if you are going to use it with just the bathtub floor, then I think I would lean more toward the SL2. Its a little easier to pitch and probably a little lighter. But like I said, you can't go wrong with either.
Haven't used the SL3 but the SL2 is the primary shelter I've used over the last couple of years. You can find some of my thoughts on it at Dondo Outdoors.
"Don't get the inner net tent or floor as they weigh more than the shelter itself."Not the current net tent - it is less by 8 oz. The current net tent also is shorter than the main fly which permits a vestibule. The current pic on the Golite site is not accurate and will be changed shortly.
Thanks for the info everybody. After speaking to the lady though, it looks like she isn't too keen on going to a Go-Lite tent because the center pole will act as divider of sorts between the two of us. I'll be looking more closely at the two Go-Lites as well as at the Tarptents, specifically the Rainshadow 2.
Edited by badscooter on 03/26/2012 00:53:05 MDT.
You can pitch most mid shelters "A frame" style, if you're both using trekking poles you should be able to figure something out between the four poles, or suspend the peak from a branch or top ropeOn the sl3 you can offset the pole to one side to make one bigger hemisphere. Not enough space for two err.. platonic hikers, but plenty of room to share with a more intimate partner. Keyword here is "spooning".
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text: Getty Images West Island Weather's ML Baron Says Storm Has 'All the Ingredients' For Big Blizzard By BJ Ragone February 6, 2013 A big storm is on the way for Massachusetts, and it seems like us here on the Southcoast are going to see a whole lot of snow. Read More|Comment Category: Audio, Southcoast News Tags: blizzard, snow, storm, waether Send to a friend! Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr!


text:
Environmental Regulations Companies in Georgia
Category: Environmental Management ×
Subcategory: Environmental Regulations ×
Location: Asia & Middle East ×
Location: Georgia ×
Environmental Monitor Service, Inc.
based in Yalesville, CONNECTICUT (USA)
Environmental Monitor Service Inc. is a leader in the field of advance technology Opacity and Dust Monitor Systems. EMS' EPA Compliant Opacity and Non-compliant Opacity Monitors are guaranteed to exceed CFR 40, Part 60 Performance Specification 1 for Opacity Monitors as well as ASTM D 6216. We offer a wide variety of models to fit every budget and suit any application. ...
STEAG Energy Services LLC
based in Kings Mountain, NORTH CAROLINA (USA)
STEAG Energy Services provides a full scope of environmental engineering and consulting service to the North American energy industry including SCR/SNCR system design and review, SCR catalyst management services including catalyst data interpretation, catalyst exchange strategies, catalyst cleaning, rejuvenation and regeneration, STEAG's patented/ pleated large particle ...
Borealis GeoPower Inc.
based in Calgary, ALBERTA (CANADA)
Borealis GeoPower Inc. is a private Canadian corporation focused on developing high temperature geothermal energy projects. We are currently working on geothermal projects in Alberta, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan and the Yukon Territory. Established in 2007, Borealis GeoPower has assembled an experienced team of well-respected, ...
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PPC specializes in MACT compliant air pollution control using different methods. These methods include using biofilters and biofiltration for VOC control and wet and precipitator and dry electrostatic precipitator devices ( ESP ) for particulate. The biofilter, bioscrubber and biofiltration products are manufactured for the abatement of odors and the destruction of VOC's ...
Environment International LTD
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Consulting firm consisting of a highly experienced team of scientists and attorneys. Services include ISO 14001 environmental management systems and auditing, regulatory compliance, policy analysis, pollution prevention, sustainable development, natural resource damage assessment, Endangered Species Act, hazardous waste, risk assessment, environmental impact ...
Marsh Bellofram Group of Companies
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Headquartered in Newell, West Virginia, USA, The Bellofram Group of Companies is an AS9100C and ISO9001:2008 certified leading global manufacturer of high-performance OEM, industrial and process control instrumentation, including timers and counters, digital controllers and panel meters, RTD's and thermocouples, pressure instruments and gauges, FRLs, cylinders, natural ...
E - Records Information Management System (ERIMS)
based in Denver, COLORADO (USA)
ERIMS is a database driven web-based information management system that changes as the database changes. Active Server Pages (ASPs) are generated from the database each time a new web page is accessed. This means there are no static pages that get outdated and the information displayed is always the most current available. ERIMS has a scalable architecture that allows it ...
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London Array Limited is a consortium of three world-leading renewable energy companies who are combining their experience and expertise to develop and build the world's largest offshore wind farm.London Array is arguably the most widely known UK offshore wind farm. Its sheer scale and proximity to Greater London mean it's often referred to by politicians and in the press. ...
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Guided by the integrity and commitment that cultivates customer loyalty, EnviroGuard offers over 20 years of experience in designing and delivering complete spill response solutions. We service the Canadian, U.S. and global markets with a comprehensive product range, customizable to meet specific customer requirements. In conjunction with our distributor network and with ...


text:
West Lothian question
|This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the United Kingdom
|United Kingdom portal
The West Lothian question,[1] also known as the English question,[2] refers to whether MPs from Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, sitting in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, should be able to vote on matters that affect only England, while MPs from England are unable to vote on matters that have been devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly.
The term was coined by Enoch Powell MP in 1977 after Tam Dalyell, Labour MP for the Scottish constituency of West Lothian, raised the matter repeatedly in a House of Commons debate on Scottish and Welsh devolution, as he would continue to do through the late 1970s and the 1980s.[3][4] Since the establishment of Welsh and Northern Irish Assemblies and the Scottish Parliament in the 1990s, the question took on a new urgency and in 2011 the Government of the United Kingdom set up a commission to examine it.[5] The Commission on the consequences of devolution for the House of Commons, chaired by former Clerk of the House of Commons Sir William McKay, published a report in 2013 which proposed various procedural changes, including that legislation which affects only England should require the support of a majority of MPs representing English constituencies.[6][7]
The West Lothian question has again come to the fore following promises of greater devolution for Scotland made during the 2014 Scottish independence referendum campaign and subsequently recommended in the report published by the Smith Commission in November 2014. The idea of "English votes for English laws" (EVEL) has been suggested by Conservative Party politicians as a potential solution.[1]
- 1 Background
- 2 The situation since the Scotland Act of 1998
- 3 Proposed solutions
- 3.1 English votes for English laws
- 3.2 English devolution
- 3.3 Dissolution of the Union
- 3.4 Abolishing the devolved bodies
- 3.5 Reducing the number of Scottish MPs
- 4 McKay Commission
- 5 Aftermath of the Scottish independence referendum
- 6 See also
- 7 References
- 8 Further reading
- 9 External links
The underlying constitutional issue was raised by William Gladstone in 1886. During his speech on the first Irish Home Rule bill in 1886 he said:
If Ireland is to have domestic legislation for Irish affairs they cannot come here for English or Scottish affairs.[8]
The "West Lothian Question" itself was first posed in 1977 during a British House of Commons debate about Scottish and Welsh devolution proposals. In the 14th November sitting, Tam Dalyell, the Labour MP for the Scottish constituency of West Lothian, asked,
For how long will English constituencies and English Honourable members tolerate ... at least 119 Honourable Members from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland exercising an important, and probably often decisive, effect on English politics while they themselves have no say in the same matters in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland?[9]
To illustrate his point he chose the example of a member of parliament for West Lothian who could vote on matters affecting the English town of Blackburn, Lancashire, but not on matters concerning Blackburn, West Lothian in his own constituency. The name "West Lothian question" was later coined by the Ulster Unionist MP Enoch Powell in a response to Dalyell's speech, when he said "We have finally grasped what the Honourable Member for West Lothian is getting at. Let us call it the West Lothian question."[10] Today, the question is more commonly assumed to challenge the fact that Scottish, Welsh and Northern Ireland members at Westminster can vote upon English matters, while MPs for English constituencies have no influence on Scottish, Welsh or Northern Ireland affairs which are devolved to their decision-making bodies.[11]
Dalyell was a vocal opponent of Scottish devolution in the 1979 and 1997 plebiscites. A devolved Scottish Parliament was created in 1999 after a clear majority voted in favour of devolution in the second referendum.
In establishing foundation hospitals and agreeing student tuition fees – both controversial policies which do not affect Scotland – Scottish votes were decisive in getting the measures through.[12] The vote on foundation hospitals in November 2003 only applied to England – had the vote been restricted to English MPs then the government would have been defeated.[13] Had there been a vote by English MPs only on tuition fees in January 2004, the government would have lost because of a rebellion on their own benches.[14] Students at English universities are required to pay top-up fees, but students from Scotland attending Scottish universities are not. The legislation imposing top-up fees on students in England passed by a small majority of 316 to 311. At the time, the shadow education secretary Tim Yeo argued that this low majority made the passing of the law "completely wrong" due to Scottish MPs voting to introduce tuition fees that Scottish students attending university in Scotland would not have to pay.[15][16] A small part of the bill did relate directly to Scotland.[17]
The situation since the Scotland Act of 1998[edit]
Executive power hierarchy[edit]
The Scottish Parliament was formed by statute, the Scotland Act 1998, and is thus a creation of Westminster. No sovereign status on the Scottish Parliament is conferred, and the act has not changed the status of the Westminster Parliament as the supreme legislature of Scotland, with Westminster retaining the ability to override, or veto, any decisions taken by the Scottish Parliament. The Westminster Parliament remains the sovereign body; power is devolved rather than transferred to the Scottish Parliament.
As a consequence, the ability of all Westminster MPs to vote on Scottish legislation has not been legally diminished by devolution, as made clear by Section 28(7) of the Scotland Act 1998, which states that the legislative powers of the Scottish Parliament do "...not affect the power of the Parliament of the United Kingdom to make laws for Scotland".[18]
During devolution, a convention was created to manage the power of Westminster to legislate on matters within the legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament. This is known as the Sewel Convention, and the related Scottish parliamentary motions are now known as Legislative Consent Motions (previously Sewel Motions).[19] These motions (of which there are around a dozen per year) allow MPs to vote on issues, which among other things, are within the Scottish Parliament's legislative competence. The Sewel Convention states that the Westminster Parliament will not normally legislate on devolved matters in Scotland without first obtaining the consent of the Scottish Parliament.
Reserved matters[edit]
Legislation relating to reserved issues such as defence, national security, foreign affairs and monetary and economic issues are voted on by all the MPs at Westminster to ensure consistency across the whole of the United Kingdom. The Scottish Parliament is not able to pass laws on these issues itself, as they were not devolved. The West Lothian question is not involved in this situation, as all parts of the Union have a say roughly proportional to their population and all are equally affected.
Parliament of Northern Ireland[edit]
A situation akin to that presented by the West Lothian question did exist between 1921 and 1972, when there was a Parliament of Northern Ireland that legislated for Northern Ireland, but Northern Ireland continued to send MPs to Westminster, who could vote on matters affecting only Great Britain.
However, during this period Northern Ireland had disproportionately fewer MPs than would be expected from the relative populations, with the numbers cut from the 29 elected at the 1918 general election to 13 from the 1922 general election and later to 12 with the abolition of university constituencies in 1950.
Proposed solutions[edit]
English votes for English laws[edit]
It has been suggested that Scottish MPs should be barred from voting on matters that do not affect Scotland.[20] In July 1999, the then Conservative leader William Hague said that "English MPs should have exclusive say over English laws ... People will become increasingly resentful that decisions are being made in England by people from other parts of the UK on matters that English people did not have a say on elsewhere ... I think it is a dangerous thing to allow resentment to build up in a country. We have got to make the rules fair now."[21]
Kenneth Clarke's Democracy Taskforce[edit]
Following his election as Leader of the Conservative Party in 2005, David Cameron established a "Democracy Taskforce" chaired by Kenneth Clarke. The taskforce's final report "Devolution, The West Lothian Question and the Future of the Union" proposed a possible solution to the West Lothian question. The proposals called for changes in procedures in the House of Commons for the passage of bills relating only to England. Under the new procedures, all MPs would participate in the first and second readings of these bills, but only English MPs would participate in the committee stage consideration of the bill. All MPs would vote on the final bill at report stage.[22] An amendment proposed by Malcolm Rifkind suggested that the second reading and report stages of bills would require a "double majority" of both the House as a whole and of English MPs.[23]
Double majority voting[edit]
The Economist and others have proposed that in House of Commons votes on solely English matters, all MPs could vote but majorities would be required among both the house and English MPs. This would retain control of English matters with English representatives, but prevent the formation of a new all-English centre of power. A small but necessary imperfection would be the residual slightly greater influence of non-English MPs.[3]
English Grand Committee[edit]
As a slight variation on the proposal for English votes on English laws, Malcolm Rifkind proposed that an English Grand Committee, along the lines of the Scottish and Welsh Grand Committees (made up of all the MPs from the relevant nation) to be formed to debate on the effects of legislation on England.[24] Described as the "East Lothian answer", the plan would allow English MPs to discuss "England only" bills in a grand committee that would then vote on the bill. A new convention would be established so that the whole House would not overrule the committee's decisions. Rifkind claimed that his solution would prevent the creation of two classes of MPs that English votes on English laws could result in.[25]
Suggested fourth reading[edit]
The Conservative Cabinet Office Minister, Oliver Letwin, and the Liberal Democrat Chief Secretary to the Treasury, Danny Alexander, later proposed that the rules of the House of Commons should be altered to introduce a "fourth reading" for any bills that only affect England and on which only English MPs would be able to vote. The Conservative and the Liberal Democratic Party leaders support the plans but the Government has yet to formally adopt the proposal. Plaid Cymru MP Jonathan Edwards called the proposal "half-baked" and Labour have made it known that they oppose the change with one shadow cabinet minister describing it as "hare-brained". Political analysis has pointed out that as Labour draw a disproportionate amount of their support from Wales and Scotland, this change might mean that although they held a majority in the Commons they might not simultaneous hold a majority of English MPs. In which case the opposition parties could use a fourth reading to frustrate many of its manifesto promises.[26][27]
The proposal went further than that put forward by the McKay Commission in suggesting that English MPs would have a veto over English legislation (while McKay suggested that while English MPs could delay bills, ultimately legislation proposed by a government and supported by a majority of all MPs should be passed).[26][27]
2015 proposals[edit]
The Conservative party included proposals in its manifesto for the 2015 general election and David Cameron said the changes, allowing for an "English rate of income tax", would be in place before a new Conservative government's first budget.[28][29]
On 2 July 2015, Chris Grayling, Leader of the House of Commons, announced proposals to change standing orders to give MPs representing English constituencies a new "veto" over laws only affecting England. The proposed process is:[30]
- The Speaker will judge which parts of a bill relate to just England, or England and Wales
- An England-only committee stage will consider bills deemed "England-only in their entirety"
- Membership of this committee will reflect the number of MPs each party has in England
- Where sections of legislation relate only to England or England and Wales, agreement of a "Legislative Grand Committee" will be required
On 9 July 2015, Grayling said that, following two days of debate in July, a final set of standing orders would be tabled and voted on when the commons returns in September.[31] Labour said the "reckless and shoddy" plans had descended into "chaos" while the SNP said it was a "shambles".[32]
English devolution[edit]
English parliament or assembly[edit]
The creation of a devolved English parliament or assembly, with full legislative powers, akin to the Scottish Parliament is seen by some as a solution to this problem,[33] with full legislative powers also being conferred on the existing Welsh Assembly. The Westminster (United Kingdom) Parliament would continue to meet and legislate on matters of UK-wide competence such as Defence, Foreign Affairs and economic matters with the parliaments of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland legislating locally.
However, opponents of this proposal argue that it would simply add another layer of government and an 'expensive talking shop'. Scottish The Lord Falconer of Thoroton, the former Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs, has stated that he believes that an English Parliament would "dwarf all other institutions."[34] MP Peter Hain, who campaigned for a Welsh Assembly, warned creating an English parliament or trying to stop Scottish and Welsh MPs from voting on England-only matters would break up the Union.[35]
In July 2015, Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, Chuka Umunna, suggested that the Labour Party should support the creation of a separate English parliament as part of a federal United Kingdom.[36]
Regional assemblies[edit]
The Labour government attempted to address part of the West Lothian question by introducing English regional assemblies with no legislative powers. Originally, it was planned that these would be directly elected. The London Assembly was the first of these, established following a referendum in 1998, in which public and media attention was focused principally on the post of Mayor of London.[37] Ken Livingstone was the first directly elected Mayor of London. He started his victory speech with "As I was saying before I was so rudely interrupted 14 years ago", making it clear he saw the London Assembly as a recreation of a similar London wide authority to that of the Greater London Council, which he had led before it was abolished in the 1980s.[38]
Further progress was thwarted when a referendum in the North East rejected the proposal for an elected assembly in November 2004[39] leading to the shelving of similar proposals for other English regions. The Regional Development Agencies were all scrapped by March 2012 with their powers and functions being transferred either to local government or in the case of London, the Greater London Authority.
Increased powers to English counties and cities[edit]
Douglas Carswell and Daniel Hannan have proposed that all the powers currently devolved to the Scottish Parliament should also be devolved to the English counties and cities. This would mean that the situation of Scottish MPs voting on policy which only affected England would no longer arise, because parliament would no longer be responsible for areas of policy which affected only England. Therefore, parliament would have to choose to make policy either for the United Kingdom as a whole, or not at all.
Carswell and Hannan write: "All the fields of policy currently within the purview of the Holyrood Parliament should be transferred to English counties and cities (thereby, incidentally, answering the west Lothian Question)." [40]
Dissolution of the Union[edit]
Another solution might be the dissolution of the United Kingdom leading to some or all of the constituent countries (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) becoming independent sovereign states.
The principal party that campaigns for a dissolution of the Union is the Scottish National Party (SNP), which won an outright majority in the Scottish Parliament in the 2011 election. The SNP passed a referendum bill, and a Scottish independence referendum was held 18 September 2014, rejected by the people of Scotland. The Scottish and Westminster governments had agreed to promote an Order in Council under Section 30 of the Scotland Act 1998 to allow a single-question referendum on Scottish independence to be held before the end of 2014, this was necessary because decisions made at Holyrood concerning major constitutional issues are not normally binding on Westminster. Scotland's voters decided to stay within the United Kingdom.[41]
Labour politician Jack Straw has speculated: "I say to the Conservatives that if they start to take a mechanical approach, this so-called 'English votes for English laws' approach, then they will break the Union."[42]
In Wales, Welsh Nationalist party Plaid Cymru holds Welsh Independence as a long-term aim. In Northern Ireland there are no mainstream political parties calling for an independent Northern Irish state, but parties calling for a unified Ireland include Sinn Féin and the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP).
Abolishing the devolved bodies[edit]
The abolition of the devolved Scottish Parliament, National Assembly for Wales and Northern Ireland Assembly would also fundamentally address the anomaly created by their establishment.
It would be highly controversial in Scotland, where the referendum passed by a vote of 74%-26%, and was passed in all 32 council areas of the country. While the Welsh Assembly was formed as a result of a very slim majority in the 1997 referendum, 50.3%-49.7%, support has since grown for the Welsh Assembly, and in favour of Wales having an Assembly.[43] In the 2011 referendum on devolving law-making powers to the Welsh Assembly, a majority of 63%-37% for further powers affirmed public support for devolution.[44]
Another consideration would be the potential implications that abolishing the Northern Ireland Assembly would have for the peaceful settlement to the Troubles.
Reducing the number of Scottish MPs[edit]
There is also the option of cutting the number of Scottish MPs, as happened to Northern Irish representation during the existence of the Parliament of Northern Ireland when the number of MPs from Northern Ireland seated at Westminster was below the standard ratio of MPs compared with the rest of the UK. (Although presently the number of Scottish MPs is higher than the standard ratio.) It is argued that Scotland would trade a reduced voice for Scotland in exchange for Scottish MPs being able to vote on English matters, which therefore may form an acceptable solution. However, it is difficult to see how accepting reduced voting strength on major issues affecting Scotland in exchange for a say in matters not applying to Scotland could be an attractive trade from a Scottish perspective.
McKay Commission[edit]
The May 2010 coalition agreement between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democrats provided for a commission to be established to consider the West Lothian question.[45]
In September 2011, the Government announced that the commission would be established in the near future and that it would consist of "independent, non-partisan experts". The new commission would examine how the House of Commons and Parliament as a whole could deal with business that affects only England and is devolved in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The commission would not look at reducing the number of MPs from the other three constituent countries or financing of the devolved institutions.[46] In December 2011, the Cabinet Office confirmed that the commission would be formed in February 2012 and was expected to report in Spring 2013.[47] On 17 January 2012, it was announced that this six-member commission would be named the "Commission on the consequences of devolution for the House of Commons", would be chaired by former Clerk of the House of Commons Sir William McKay, and would have one member from each of the devolved countries.
The Commission reported on 25 March 2013.[6][7] It concluded that changes were needed because of the perception that England was disadvantaged under the current devolution arrangements, and proposed that Commons decisions with a "separate and distinct effect" for England should "normally be taken only with the consent of a majority of MPs sitting for constituencies in England". This principle should be enshrined by a resolution of the House of Commons. The Commission also proposed a number of changes to procedure, including allocating specific parliamentary time to proposals for England. The government said it would give the report "serious consideration".[48]
Aftermath of the Scottish independence referendum[edit]
On 18 September 2014, the people of Scotland voted against independence by 55% to 45%. The following day, shortly after the outcome of the vote was announced, the Prime Minister, David Cameron, stated outside 10 Downing Street that the "question of English votes for English laws – the so-called West Lothian question – requires a decisive answer." He announced the appointment of Lord Smith to lead a commission to develop proposals for constitutional reform to be included in a Bill to be published in January 2015.[49] Labour refused to engage in cross party discussions about the issue.[50]
2015 United Kingdom general election[edit]
The governance of England featured in the election manifestos of the three major political parties in the United Kingdom and in the manifestos of some minor parties.
Conservative Party[edit]
The Conservative manifesto supported the idea of "English Votes for English Laws" with England only legislation requiring approval from an English Grand Committee prior to its Third Reading. In the case of legislation applying to both England and Wales, a joint sitting of the English Grand Committee and Welsh Grand Committee would be required. It proposes a separate English rate of Income Tax and rejects regional governance in England.[51]
English Democrats Party[edit]
The manifesto of the English Democrats Party proposed a devolved parliament for England with powers similar to those of the Scottish Parliament.[52]
Green Party of England and Wales[edit]
The Green Party manifesto proposed granting more powers to parts of England, made up of groupings of councils based on existing regions and city regions.[53]
Labour Party[edit]
The Labour Party manifeso stated that it was time to "consider how English MPs can have a greater role in scrutiny of legislation that only affects England" and suggested that an English Grand Committee stage for legislation could be considered. It proposed an English Devolution Act that would transfer budgets and powers to "city and county regions". It proposed that an English Regional Cabinet Committee be convened, chaired by the Prime Minister.[54]
Liberal Democrats[edit]
The Liberal Democrats manifesto proposed that England only legislation be considered by a committee of MPs with membership based on share of the vote in England. It proposed a system of "Devolution on Demand" where councils or groups of councils could request further powers from Central Government. It supported the principle of an assembly for Cornwall.[55]
UK Independence Party (UKIP)[edit]
The governance of England was not directly addressed in the UKIP manifesto.[56]
See also[edit]
- ^ a b "Labour rules out talks on 'English votes for English laws'". BBC News. BBC. 14 October 2014. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
But Mr Hague said the issue of "English votes for English laws", known as the West Lothian Question, had been talked about for nearly 20 years but nothing had been done.
- ^ "Scottish referendum: What is the 'English Question'?". BBC News. BBC. 19 September 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
- ^ a b Now for the English question, The Economist, 27 September 2014
- ^ "West Lothian commission: Sir Emyr Jones Parry joins body". BBC News. 17 January 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
- ^ "Answer sought to the West Lothian question". BBC News Scotland. 8 September 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
- ^ a b Report of McKay Commission (Report). 25 March 2013.
- ^ a b BBC News, England-only laws 'need majority from English MPs' , 25 March 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013
- ^ Gladstone Papers. MS 44255: BL Add. pp. f. 178.
- ^ "SCOTLAND BILL". millbanksystems.com.
- ^ Reid, Tim (13 September 2011). "BBC News – Q&A: The West Lothian Question". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
- ^ "Q&A: The West Lothian Question". BBC News.
- ^ Gallop, Nick in The Constitution and Constitutional Reform p.27 (Philip Allan, 2011) ISBN 978-0-340-98720-9
- ^ McSmith, Andy (4 July 2006). "The Big Question: What is the West Lothian question, and can it be resolved satisfactorily?". The Independent (London).
- ^ 1 (19 November 2007). "The West Lothian Question: Labour MPs want answers". thescotsman.com. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
- ^ "Scots MPs attacked over fees vote". BBC News. 27 January 2004.
- ^ "Blair wins key top-up fees vote". BBC News. 27 January 2004.
- ^ "Scottish Devolution and West Lothian Question". BBC h2g2. 19 September 2006.
- ^ "Scotland Act, section 28(7)". Opsi.gov.uk. 18 February 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2011.
- ^ Sewel Motions, Scottish Government website Archived 5 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ If it's English vote for English law, the UK's end is nigh, The Guardian, 12 June 2006
- ^ "English votes on English laws", BBC News Online, 15 July 1999
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ "Tories Ponder English Only Voting", BBC News Online, 28 October 2007
- ^ MICHAEL SETTLE, Chief UK Political Correspondent (3 October 2007). "Party leader welcomes Rifkind's 'elegant' West Lothian Answer". Herald Scotland. Retrieved 26 February 2011.
- ^ a b Wright, Oliver (9 July 2013). "English MPs 'could get veto on laws' under government plans". The Independent (London).
- ^ a b BBC staff (10 July 2013). "English MPs 'could get veto on laws' under government plans". BBC News.
- ^ "Election 2015: Tory pledge over English laws veto condemned in Scotland". BBC News Online. 2015-04-14. Retrieved 2015-07-04.
- ^ "Election 2015: PM sets out 'English votes' timetable". BBC News Online. 2015-04-24. Retrieved 2015-07-04.
- ^ "New 'veto' announced for English MPs". BBC News Online. 2015-07-02. Retrieved 2015-07-04.
- ^ Watt, Nicholas (2015-07-09). "English votes for English laws plan to be revised after Commons revolt". The Guardian. Retrieved 2015-07-09.
- ^ "English votes for English laws plan to be delayed". BBC News Online. 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-07-09.
- ^ Campaign for an English Parliament,
- ^ A possible answer to this might be an English Parliament consisting of all the 529 English MPs, a sort of 'English Grand Committee' – For the Majority Party in Parliament might not have the majority of English constituencies.No English parliament — Falconer, BBC News Online, 10 March 2006
- ^ "Peter Hain warns banning Welsh MPs from English votes will 'destroy' Union". Wales Online. 28 June 2011. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
- ^ http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jul/22/chuka-umunna-calls-for-english-parliament-federal-uk
- ^ 'Overwhelming vote for Mayor', BBC News Online, 8 May 1998
- ^ Paul Waugh and Andrew Grice. Ken reclaims the capital, The Independent 6 May 2000
- ^ North East votes 'no' to assembly, BBC News Online, 5 November 2004
- ^ Carswell, Douglas; Hannan, Daniel; Carswell, Douglas (2008). The Plan: Twelve Months to Renew Britain. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-0-9559799-0-3.
- ^ "Scottish leader Alex Salmond quits after 'no' vote in independence referendum". CNN. 2014-09-19.
- ^ Hamish Macdonell and Gerri Peev (2007). "The West Lothian Question: Labour MPs want answers". The Scotsman. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
- ^ "BBC NEWS - UK - Wales - Wales politics - Majority back law-making assembly". bbc.co.uk.
- ^ "Welsh referendum: Yes vote to 'settle assembly issue'", BBC News Online, March 2011
- ^ [3],
- ^ "Answer sought to the West Lothian question". BBC News. 8 September 2011.
- ^ [4][dead link]
- ^ "England-only laws 'need majority from English MPs'". BBC News. 25 March 2013.
- ^ "David Cameron sets out UK-wide changes 'to build better future'". BBC News.
- ^ Labour rules out talks on 'English votes for English laws', BBC News
- ^ https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/manifesto2015/ConservativeManifesto2015.pdf
- ^ "Full Manifesto". englishdemocrats.org.uk.
- ^ https://www.greenparty.org.uk/assets/files/manifesto/Green_Party_2015_General_Election_Manifesto_Searchable.pdf
- ^ http://www.labour.org.uk/manifesto2015
- ^ "The Complete Manifesto". Liberal Democrats.
- ^ https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/ukipdev/pages/1103/attachments/original/1429295050/UKIPManifesto2015.pdf?1429295050
Further reading[edit]
- Devolution: the end of Britain?, Tam Dalyell, Jonathan Cape, London, 1977
- Devolution in Britain Today, Russell Deacon, Manchester University Press, 2006
- Report on devolution and the governance of England, House of Commons Justice Committee, 24 May 2009
- A Stronger or Weaker Union? Public Reactions to Asymmetric Devolution in the United Kingdom, Professor John Curtice, University of Strathclyde, Publius – the journal of federalism, Volume 36, Number 1, Winter 2006, Oxford University Press (PDF file)
- The West Lothian Question, Oonagh Gay, House of Commons Library SN/PC/2586, 26 June 2006 (PDF file[dead link])
- N. Lloyd-Jones, "United Kingdom: four nations or one?", "History Today" (February 2015)[5]
External links[edit]
- Commission on the consequences of devolution for the House of Commons
- House of Commons Scotland Bill Debate, 14 November 1977
- Talking Politics: The West Lothian Question, BBC News Online, 1 June 1998
- The West Lothian spectre, Parliamentary sketch by Simon Hoggart, The Guardian, 7 November 2001
- Hansard text of a debate on the subject in 1998 (scroll down for the start, and continue on to subsequent pages)
- McKay Commission Report: Report of the Commission on the Consequences of Devolution for the House of Commons
- Statement by the Prime Minister on the Scottish Independence Referendum
- English nationalism
- Government of the United Kingdom
- House of Commons of the United Kingdom
- Politics of England
- Politics of Northern Ireland
- Politics of Scotland
- Politics of the United Kingdom
- Politics of Wales
- Constitution of the United Kingdom
- British Royal Commissions
- Devolution in the United Kingdom
- National questions


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The gear on this site blows me away.. I cann't help myself... I gotta' get started.Planning my first project. I'll keep it simple.. a pack cover.Any recommendations or materials or designs?Thanks!Bowfin47
Silnylon and light bungee cord.Cheers
Made mine like a giant shower cap using the materials suggested by Roger. No seams except around the edge, just a giant fabric rectangle with rounded corners. Sew a casing around the edge and thread the bungee cord through and cinch it up.Happy Trails-Mark
Here is a fairly simple design:http://www.tothewoods.net/HomemadeGearPackCoverGearHammock.html
Yeah, use the smallest diameter bungee/elastic cord and mini cord locks. I also use mine to hang the food. Works good for that, as you can really spread it open on the ground to see all the food at meal time.
Randall, I have never used a pack cover but your post makes me consider it.
http://www.jacksrbetter.com/index_files/Jeffs%20Gear%20Hammock-Pack%20Cover.htm these pictures could add a little clarification, and the gear hammock idea is pretty clever as well
Heading to Wally World tonight. Thanks a bunch!
Hey Guys:New to the site. I'm curious, why would you prefer a pack cover to a water proof liner sack? Just from my little experience, a liner sack works much better, and can give more strength/shape to a lighter-weight pack bag. Unless you are also using it for abrasion resistance when bush-wacking, I don't see why you would use one?
One reason I'd prefer a cover is the material of my pack. Unless you have some water-repelling-like-material, the pack could absorb some of the water thus making it heavier. Just my experience
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|Accident on 421: Traffic delayed
|Tuesday, 25 September 2007 12:12
Authorities are on the scene of a tractor trailer accident on 421 between Boone and Wilkesboro.
A semi tractor trailer went off the road 19 miles from Boone. While two lanes are open, a source within Watauga Communications is calling it "a real mess," and recommends finding alternate routes. A small diesel leak from the accident has a hazardous materials team on the scene. No serious injuries have been reported, but traffic will be delayed for a few hours. Again, that's 421, 19 miles from Boone towards Wilkesboro.
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National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week 2014
Lead poisoning is entirely preventable. The key is stopping children from coming into contact with lead and treating children who have been poisoned by lead. Learn more about preventing childhood lead exposure.
Childhood Lead Exposure
Young children often place their toys, fingers, and other objects in their mouth as part of their normal development. This hand-to-mouth activity may put them in contact with lead paint or dust.
The most common sources of lead exposure for children are chips and particles of old lead paint. Although children may be directly exposed to lead from paint by swallowing paint chips, they are more commonly exposed by swallowing house dust or soil contaminated by leaded paint. This happens because lead paint chips become ground into tiny bits that become part of the dust and soil in and around homes. This usually occurs when leaded paint becomes old or worn or is subject to constant rubbing (as on doors and windowsills and wells). In addition, lead can be scattered when paint is disturbed during destruction, remodeling, paint removal, or preparation of painted surfaces for repainting.
Exposure to lead can seriously harm a child's health.
Lead, which is invisible to the naked eye and has no smell, may be found in other sources. These sources may be the exposure source for as many as 30% of lead-poisoned children in certain areas across the United States. They include:
- traditional home health remedies such as azarcon and greta, which are used for upset stomach or indigestion in the Hispanic community;
- imported candies;
- imported toys and toy jewelry;
- imported cosmetics;
- pottery and ceramics;
- drinking water contaminated by lead leaching from lead pipes, solder, brass fixtures, or valves; and
- consumer products, including tea kettles and vinyl miniblinds.
Additionally, a variety of work and hobby activities and products expose adults to lead. This can also result in lead exposure for their families. Activities that are associated with lead exposure include indoor firing range use, home repairs and remodeling, and pottery making. "Take-home" exposures may result when people whose jobs expose them to lead wear their work clothes home or wash them with the family laundry. It may also result when they bring scrap or waste material home from work.
Childhood lead poisoning is considered the most preventable environmental disease of young children.
Lead poisoning is 100% preventable.
Protecting Children from Lead Exposure
Lead poisoning is entirely preventable. The key is stopping children from coming into contact with lead.
There are many ways parents can reduce a child's exposure to lead before they are harmed. Lead hazards in a child's environment must be identified and controlled or removed safely.
Concern about Your Child's Exposure
If you have any reason to suspect that your child has been exposed to lead contact your health care provider. Your child's health care provider can help you decide whether to perform a blood test to see if your child has an elevated blood lead level. A blood lead test is the only way you can tell if your child has an elevated lead level. Most children with elevated blood lead levels have no symptoms. The health care provider can recommend treatment if your child has been exposed to lead.
See frequently asked questions about lead and possible lead exposure.
For more information on sources of lead exposure and prevention tips, please visit our web page or call the CDC-INFO at 1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636).
About National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week
October 19-25 is National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week. This year's theme is "Lead-Free Kids for a Healthy Future." Childhood lead poisoning is considered the most preventable environmental disease of young children. Approximately half a million U.S children ages 1-5 have blood lead levels above the reference value at which CDC recommends public health actions be initiated.
National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week occurs every year during the last full week in October (Senate. Resolution 199). During National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week, CDC aims to:
- Raise awareness about lead poisoning;
- Stress the importance of screening the highest risk children younger than 6 years of age (preferably by ages 1 and 2) if they have not been tested yet;
- Highlight partners' efforts to prevent childhood lead poisoning; and
- Urge people to take steps to reduce lead exposure.
Many states and communities offer free blood-lead testing and conduct various education and awareness events. For more information about National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week activities in your area, please contact your state or local health department.
Every year, CDC, in partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), develops a National Lead Poisoning Prevention Week Campaign Toolkit to encourage information sharing, collaboration, and promotion of lead poisoning prevention activities. View the toolkit.
- Page last reviewed: October 20, 2014
- Page last updated: October 20, 2014
- Content source:
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, National Center for Environmental Health
- Page maintained by: Office of the Associate Director for Communication, Digital Media Branch, Division of Public Affairs


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Sitting for Eight Hours a Day is Worse than Smoking.
Even if you exercise and live a healthy lifestyle.
That may be depressing for many people out there, however the solution is simple.
Kneeling chairs and stand up workstations are the best resolutions if your old ball and chain is actually a desk and a chair.
Does it sound terrifying to stand all day long while you plug away at the digital world? If your answer is yes, consider the possibility of a stroke, then re-evaluate.
When I first started practicing chiropractic I thought most of my patients would be construction workers and manual laborers. Turns out I rarely see someone who moves their body for a living. Seven out of 10 people in my practice have a sedentary occupation. And when their eight hour work day is done and they hit the mat, pavement or elliptical—bam! Time to call the chiropractor.
But there is one yoga related factor that must be considered for those who have a home practice and especially for those who lead other people through vinyasa on a daily basis. In Biomechanics it's called rheology—the study of the flow of energy through materials. The materials in your body are bones, ligaments, tendons and fascia. Rheology studies how these structures move and deform with stress.
Commit this analogy to memory:
Ligaments and tendons are like credit cards. Bend them once and they pop back. Bend them and hold, they will permanently crease.
This is why consistent practice can increase flexibility. But it is also why all day sitters have poor spinal stability.
In biomechanics, a permanent crease is called deformation. If you're sitting down reading this, your ligaments and tendons are deforming. So I'll try to keep this short and then you can take a quick sun salutation.
You can probably guess which tendons are most at risk. Our primary concern are the hip flexors and extensors. In the seated position the hips are flexed. Therefore, the hip flexors are being shortened. These muscles include some major players in spinal-pelvic stability. The hip flexors are the following.
- >>Iliopsoas, which is made of psoas major, psoas minor and iliacus.
- >>Two muscles of the anterior (front) thigh, rectus femoris of the quadriceps and sartorius.
- >>Tensor fasciae latae, a gluteal muscle located on the outer thigh.
- >>The inner thigh muscles, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus and gracilis.
The hip extensors are simply the gluteus maximus and most of the hamstring group. The hamstring muscles cross and permit movement at two different joints of the lower extremity, the hip and the knee. Therefore, they get a double dose of deforming stress in the seated position because they are elongated near the hips and shortened at the knee. This unnatural engagement is what gives chronic sitters "tight hamstrings."
The one element that you can't adjust while sitting, even with the best posture, is your hips (where your thigh bone connects to the pelvis). When you're sitting, pelvic muscles, tendons and ligaments are deforming. Period.
Thankfully, good yoga can help. Good yoga is balanced. Balanced means there are as many forward folds as there are backward bends. I don't usually sit in the back of a class tallying up how many times I have bent forward or backwards. I try to keep my anatomical, analytical mind quiet and open.
Great yoga, in my opinion, is imbalanced.
Great yoga has more extension postures then flexion. Which is why at home I keep the down dog and the forward fold on the sidelines. I just don't feel the need to fold forward in my yoga practice because that is what I do all day long, bending over to work on someone's spine, entering information in the computer, picking up my daughter, etc. When I do yoga I want to counterbalance the postures of real life.
It's very metaphorical and all that jazz, too. I am opening, giving, exposing and submitting to the moment. For me there is very little balance in life anyway. Instead, the pendulum swings from one slightly imbalanced moment to the next with shades of balance in-between. This means I do more bridge, crab, wheel, camel, bow, locust and reverse plank because seriously, do you ever find yourself in these positions throughout the course of the day?
So how do I transition from standing down to the floor? Its a good question that I would bet many of you are asking. Down dog and forward fold appear to be the golden gate transition postures of almost every yoga class. I have one word for you.
I can already hear all the groaning at the thought of replacing the beloved forward fold with a squat. Clearly, some people may not benefit because of, mostly, knee pain. I understand. One of my patients is an 85 year old avid gardener who can spend all day weeding in a forward fold without pain, but her face scrunches at the mere thought of a squat.
So it may not be for you. However any biomechanics textbook will tell you the same thing. If you want to balance out all the sitting, bending and folding that you do in real life, you have to start extending your low back and pelvis.
If you're saying to yourself "I love the forward fold, it feels so good"—Stop. One rational explanation that it feels so good is because you are jumping right back into the position you've been in all day. For you, good = comfortable and familiar.
Remember, growth occurs when you are outside of your comfort zone. That goes for both emotional and physical growth.
If you have low back, pelvis or hip issues and you are one of those yogis who can forward bend all day long and never feel a stretch in your hamstrings, please consider what I am presenting here. You may need to strengthen those big guys on the back of the leg, not lengthen them more in a down dog.
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Editor: Lynn Hasselberger
Incorrect source, offensive, or found a typo? Email us (please put title in subject bar of email so we'll be able to fix). Or do you want to write for Elephant?
{Waylon H. Lewis C Enterprises 2015: Use Rights in perpetuity. Ownership remains with author.}
10 Responses to "Sitting for Eight Hours a Day is Worse than Smoking."
Ah! I've been waiting for someone to write this! Thank you Brent!
Next time… Just ask.
Oh my, this is me. I have been battling issues in my right SI joint almost as long as I have been a yogi. Forward folds have never been a problem and yes, I sit for much of the day. At some points I have been close to giving up yoga altogether for fear that I'm making it worse. Thank you for this article!
Well Lindsey, usually we fear the unknown. But in this case it seems as if you were right on! I'll give you the Rx that solves 90% of the SI issues I commonly see. Ready? Lay on your back and fold your knees to your chest (I know that is flexion, just hold on). Now wrap your arms around your legs and push your legs out, resisting them with your arms. The muscular exertion will stabilize your pelvis in the flexed position. Push out for 9 seconds on an exhalation, rest on inhale. Repeat for 3 minutes. Do this 3x a day for 3 weeks. If you are the other 10% that doesn't respond, let's talk!
Sorry I have to say it… Do you have a source for the statement "Sitting for Eight Hours a Day is Worse than Smoking"? I would love to pass this along to some friends, but I know I'll hear it from them.
Thanks for bringing the awareness regardless!
Right on, Justin. It's a terrible statement, as is anything that begins with "Experts say." Vague extrapolations hold little clout in the academic world. Fortunately, good research with honest conclusions regarding sedentary lifestyles are becoming more prevalent.
A simple google search of this articles title will yield 5,040,000 results in .22 seconds. Here are the first three results which feature similar pieces like this one with a more clearly defined lineage of information.
http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2011/06/08/healt… http://blog.tribehr.com/bid/112527/Sitting-for-8-… http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2001824/S…
For something a bit more academic, a pub med search among peer review literature using the words "sedentary lifestyle + cardiovascular" will yield 882 results, here is that search page.
or this one in particular. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21785350
Have fun. There are dozens upon dozens of papers that show the risks of sitting all day. There are also reviews of most of these studies, like the last link I provided. Some reviews have correlated those risks with that of smoking and thus, the foregone conclusion has been floating around the internet for some time now.
If I were to really examine the initial statement I would also ask "how much smoking?" or "what is being smoked and how is it being smoked." So, there are lots of avenues to walk down here. But rest assured there are no clear answers because no one would ever subject a group of people to involuntary smoking or a forced sedentary environment, independent of all other cardiovascular risks.
Throw it out there next time you and your friends are in a heated discussion and see what the moment brings. I'm sure it would be interesting. And please note that I am in no way advocating smoking in any way, shape, or form.
I knew this computer was killing me. Many of us have this problem and this prescription, analysis and footnotes are more than a generous offering, a sagacious counsel. If you didn't write so well I'd be standing by now. Thank you (and by the way, I've been doing that knee resistance instinctively because my body has asked me to although I often do it one knee at a time and will try your way, alone for the prescribed time).
Sagacious. What a great word. And although this "prescription, analysis and footnotes" are an offering of personal experiences, what we must all consider, if not yet considered, is that all spines are different. And one must listen to the body before they listen to a blog. As you have demonstrated here. Thank you for that.
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Archive for 2012
August 13th, 2012 at 1:10 pm
Huge 'Today' Ratings Win in Olympic Week 2
GMA Posts Lowest Single-Day Delivery In a Year[Read-More]
August 13th, 2012 at 1:01 pm
'The Price is Right' Announces First-Ever Search for Male Model
Search Will Air as a Five-Episode Web Series Competition[Read-More]
August 13th, 2012 at 12:10 pm
'The Soup' Throws the Wedding of The Century for Jen and Justin
Pulls Out All The Stops To Create This Hollywood Couple's Dream Wedding August 29th … Whether They Show Up Or Not![Read-More]
August 13th, 2012 at 12:01 pm
VH1 Pulls 'Ev & Ocho' Indefinitely
Issues official statement.[Read-More]
August 13th, 2012 at 11:45 am
MTV's Comedic Reality Series 'WakeBrothers' Moves To Monday Nights as of August 20
'WakeBrothers' Will Air New Episodes Beginning Monday, August 20 at 11:00 p.m.[Read-More]
August 13th, 2012 at 11:41 am
E!'s 'Keeping Up With The Kardashians' Welcomes Oprah Winfrey to The Home in This Sunday's Episode
Fans get exclusive behind-the-scenes access on the day the family welcomes Oprah to their home[Read-More]
August 13th, 2012 at 11:21 am
History Season 3 Premiere of 'Top Gear' Tomorrow
Season Two was seen by nearly 60 million viewers.[Read-More]
August 13th, 2012 at 11:02 am
Emmy Winner and Tony Nominee Sean Hayes to Guest Star in Multi-Episode Arc on NBC's 'Smash'
This fall, Hayes also will make a guest appearance in a multi-episode arc on NBC's "Up All Night" as Ava's (Maya Rudolph)[Read-More]


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Ceeds™ – The easy way to establish energy crops
New Energy Farms (NEF) has developed a revolutionary new method of establishing energy grasses.
CEEDS is an artificial seed system applicable for a range of crops for fuel, feed and fiber including Miscanthus, Arundo Donax, Napier Grass, Energy Cane and Sugar Cane.
Cost effective scaling of perennial energy grasses has previously inhibited expansion in many markets.
NEF has addressed this problem and developed a new planting product for vegetative energy crops, CEEDS™.
These are small capsules that are established using automatic min till planters, like seed. CEEDS™ are available for Spring 2014 initially in the US and Canada.
The main advantages of CEEDS™ are:
- New cultivars can be brought to market 3 times faster
- Multiple planting windows possible.
- Glasshouse produced, no soil, for high health.
- Establishment cost substantially reduced.
- Min till, fully automatic precision planting 40ac day +
- Reduction by up to 80% in transport logistics for planting material.
- Greater vigor after planting, more shoots produced.
- This system delivers the maximum yield from a cultivar.
- Makes planting as simple as drilling conventional arable crops.
Below shows crops planted by CEEDS™ (left) Rhizomes (right) after 90 days Increased vigor compared to rhizome and plug plants but a substantially smaller planting propagule via CEEDS.
The CEEDS themselves are produced under glasshouse conditions and consequently can be scheduled for any time of year under high health conditions.
To Order
NEF are taking orders for the US and Canada for Spring 2014, and can discuss supply in other regions with prospective customers.
Leading clones are available of the following species,
- Miscanthus
- Arundo Donax
- Napier Grass
- Energy Cane
- Sugar Cane
For customers and projects wishing to evaluate the technology test packs are available for purchase.
For an immediate quote or further details please email or telephone NEF.


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If you would like to read the Bible thru in 2015 copies of a plan are available in the vestibule, outside of the church office, and on our church website.
If you would like to improve your daily Bible reading in 2015 you can check this link for your smart phone or email:
YouVersion: Day by day with Billy Graham, or the book "Hope for Each Day" by Billy Graham.
On June 19, North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed into law a bill outlining how compliance with Federal laws is to be handled with respect to student religious activities in North Carolina. For your reference, please see the attached law (Session Law 2014-13) below.


text:
To link to this article, copy this persistent link:
(Sep 10, 2008) A high-ranking official in Costa Rica's Office of the Presidency, Rodrigo Arias, estimated that the U.S.-Central America Free Trade Agreement (US-CAFTA) will enter into effect in Costa Rica in the second or third week of September 2008. He expressed satisfaction that most of the laws required in the Implementing Agenda of the Treaty had already been approved during the first legislative debate on the issue. (Krissia Morris & Tatiana Gutiérrez, LC con Estados Unidos Regirá en Septiembre, LA PRENSA LIBRE, Aug. 14, 2008, available at http://www.prensalibre.co.cr/2008/agosto/14/nacionales09.php.)
|Norma Gutierrez More by this author
|International affairs More on this topic
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The Global Legal Monitor is an online publication from the Law Library of Congress covering legal news and developments worldwide. It is updated frequently and draws on information from the Global Legal Information Network, official national legal publications, and reliable press sources. You can find previous news by searching the GLM.
Last updated: 09/10/2008


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Role and Performance of Government and NGOs in Relief Assistance: A Case Study of 2005 Earthquake61 Khalil Ahmad(Corresponding author) Assistant Professor of Economics University of the Punjab, Lahore Tanveer Ahmed Naveed Lecturer, Department of Economics University of Gujrat Sami Ullah Lecturer, Department of Economics University of Gujrat Tahir Rashid Ph. D. Scholar at Government College University, Lahore (Pakistan)
Abstract This study investigates the role and performance of Pakistan government and humanitarian agencies during relief and emergency aid assistance to 2005 earthquake victims. This comparative study is based on empirical data collected from 30 most affected villages of NWFP (Pakistan) and AJK through a sample survey on 1st anniversary of 2005 earthquake. About 500 randomly selected heads of the families were interviewed in the sampled area. Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon test is used to compare the relief assistance provision and satisfaction shown by sufferers toward government agencies and Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) during relief program. While Chi-Squire test is used only to investigate the relationship between affected areas and respondents' demographic characteristics. Evidently, results show that the NGOs provided more relief items in a better way to victims of 2005 earthquake than did the Government of Pakistan. This study will be helpful in disaster management planning at government and non-governmental levels. Keywords: Performance; Earthquake; NGOs; Government; Relief Efforts BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION
Pakistan experienced a destructive earthquake on October 8, 2005, at 8:50 PST, intensity of 7.6 measuring on Richter scale. Arguably, this was the most devastating disaster in Pakistan's history. The earthquake epicenter was located 100 kilometers north-northeast of Islamabad. Intensity of losses increased by a series...


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The Earth's Core
An Introductory Text
For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography.View full description
Undergraduate or master-course students in meteorology, oceanography and climatology are the main target.
Book information
- Published: January 1975
- Imprint: ACADEMIC PRESS


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This knot is made in two distinct stages: Make and secure one loop, then make and secure the other loop. The result
is slightly more secure because it's less likely for both stages to come undone.
Step 1:
Tie a Left-over-Right
Starting Knot as shown, then make the right (blue) end into a "loop" by simply doubling it back onto itself.
Step 2:
Take the left (yellow) end and pass it around to the right, going
behind the right loop.
Step 3:
Continue the left (yellow) end
around the right loop to end up in front.
Step 4:
Start to feed the left (yellow) lace into the "hole" that has just been made. Up to this point, the knot is exactly
the same as the
Standard Shoelace Knot.
Step 5:
Unlike the
Standard Shoelace Knot, the loose left (yellow) end is pulled
all the way through the hole. The loop (blue) is now on the left with one long end (yellow) and one short end
(blue) now on the right.
Step 6:
Holding the left (blue) loop and the long (yellow) loose end, pull tight to secure the first loop. This completes
the first stage.
Step 7:
Make the longer of the two loose ends (yellow) into a loop by simply doubling it back onto itself. This puts the
yellow loop and blue loose end into almost exactly the same position as the blue loop and yellow loose end in
Step (2).
Step 8:
Repeat steps (3) through (6) to wrap the blue loose end around the yellow loop, feed through the hole and pull
tight to complete the second stage.
The finished Two Stage Shoelace Knot ends up with two loops and two loose ends, similar to a
Standard Shoelace Knot, albeit rather crooked.
The theory behind this knot is that the two loops are each created and secured in separate, distinct stages. This
means that it also needs to be
untied in two stages, making it slightly more secure. In the event that the ends are accidentally pulled, it's
likely that only the latter of the two loops will come undone, leaving the knot half tied.
There's a different way to make a loop: Instead of making the right (blue) end into a loop, leave it as a loose end.
Then wrap the left (yellow) end around it and pull a loop through the hole, exactly as is done for a
Standard Shoelace Knot. The first loop has therefore been made differently: Rather than starting with a loop
and ending with a loose end, it starts with a loose end and ends with a loop. This leads to four possible
Regardless of the methods used to form each loop, the finished Two Stage Knot is essentially the same, having been
formed with two distinct stages.
Regular shoelace knot, which is more symmetrical but slightly less secure.
User-controllable animation of the Two Stage Knot sequence.
Enhanced shoelace knot, which is more symmetrical and more secure.
Different secure knot that is also non-symmetrical.


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HACKTIVISTS associated with Anonymous have targeted Stratfor once again and apparently sent out an email goading its clients.
The hacktivists appear to have rifled the organisation's servers. "If you want to be technical we've had control over stratfor for months," wrote hacktivist mouthpiece Anonymousabu in a tweet last week about an email thought to have been sent to thousands of users. Eight hundred and sixty thousand, to be precise.
"Hello loyal Stratfor clients, We are still working to get our website secure and back up and running again as soon as possible. To show our appreciation for your continued support, we will be making available all of our premium content 'as a free service' from now on," said an email that purported to be from Stratfor CEO George Friedman, but probably wasn't, and was sent out on Friday.
"We would like to hear from our loyal client base as to our handling of the recent intrusion by those deranged, sexually deviant criminal hacker terrorist masterminds."
On the same day the firm distanced itself from unofficial messages with a couple of its own tweets. It said, "Please consult the STRATFOR Facebook page and Twitter feed for company-approved communications."
There, Friedman said that the email did not actually come from him, and urged Stratfor users to cool their boots until everything gets back to normal at the think tank. That might take a little while still, apparently. µ


text:
Show: The Real Housewives of New Jersey
Appearances: Seasons 1 and 2
Reason for Leaving: Staub clashed with everyone on the show — particularly Teresa Giudice and Caroline Manzo. "I'm way too good for this," Staub told Us Weekly in 2010. "They have used me about as much as I can be used. I mean, what's left for them? To kill me?"
Post-Housewives Career: After pursuing a singing career and dating musician Lori Michaels, Staub competed on VH1's Famous Food in 2011.


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"Hi everyone, Fiona Markowitz here! Twenty years ago I did a hat-making art project with my daughter Rose one rainy afternoon. Never in my wildest dreams did I think my craft project would turn into the international entertainment company that Party Hats has become. Now we travel the country and deliver our products all over the world.
"Over the years, as our experience has grown, we have improved our hats, added new styles, and even new things to decorate. But my greatest joy is still watching someone pick out the perfect hat and choose the right decorations to create a style that fits their personality. It's what makes all the planning, designing, decorating and executing worthwhile. I work my very hardest to understand the needs of my clients then bring an outrageous activity that exceeds their expectations."
"Don't be so modest, Fiona! Stephen Markowitz here, and let me tell you how fabulous Fiona really is. She has won numerous awards for her displays, booths and even the coveted Event Solutions Rising Star Award. She lights up the room with her contagious energy and is second to none when it comes to getting the party started."
"That's very sweet of you to say, Steve, but you're my husband, you have to say that! I am fortunate enough to have an entire artistic and logistics staff to help me plus two huge warehouses of amazing decorations you got for me.
About Us
"I just want bring out the creative spirit in other people and help make any event a memorable success. I hope anyone reading this will give me a call; if there's something I can do to make your event better, I will give it my full energy and attention.
And to think, it all started with a paper bag.
Event Types
Hats, etc...
Contact Us
About Us


text:
For Emergency Response Dial 9-1-1
To Report a Non-Emergency Crime Dial 456-2233
Enter the mall's main entrance on the West side. Go up the escalators and turn left and we are next to Silver Safari and Sears, across from the kids' play area.
2015 Form 2015 Self-mailer
Our 8th Annual Conference will be coming up in Fall. Please call Simone Ramel-McKay at (509) 477-3055 if you have questions.
It's as simple as that! After that, it's up to each watch group to determine how often they want to meet. We'll provide newsletters for you to email or distribute to your neighbors, and you will be added to our confidential email list to receive important notifications. For those interested, we can also make additional presentations to your neighborhood or group throughout the year.
Neighborhood Watch Coordinator: 509-477-3055
City of Spokane Valley, Deputy Chris Johnston: 509-477-2592
All other County areas, Deputy David Morris: 509-477-6044
*Please note: for the City of Spokane, please contact our partner organization, C.O.P.S. by visiting www.spokanecops.org or calling 509-835-4592
Go to the main mall entrance on the West side. Take the escalators upstairs and turn to your left. We are next to Silver Safari across from the kids' play area. We are open every day from 9am to 8pm, but please call to be sure we are available. If for some reason you don't find someone there, we hope you will understand that volunteers staff the front desk and sometimes are not able to make it due to illness or other commitments.
1100 West Mallon
Spokane, WA 99260
Map & Directions