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Thursday, May 9, 2013
Bad news, I'm afraid.
They are interesting little things, very hard and very sharp. Shaped sort of like the horns of a bull. But of course, they come from a plant. And if you step on one of these things, it will hurt. Ouch!
These are the oddly-shaped fruits of a curious aquatic plant that is native to large parts of western Asia and the warmer parts of Europe. Because they are aquatic plants, and due to their odd shape, these little fruits have been termed "water chestnuts." And of course, that is a perfectly OK common name...because all common names are "OK", in a sense. There are indeed no rules that govern common names for plants (or animals), and if you are a faithful reader of this column, you may remember the author's near-obsession (completely justified, of course!) with scientific names. Again, there can be only one scientific name, in a proper sense, for any plant. Common names, though, are completely up to the imagination (or lack thereof) of whomever wants to talk about a given plant species in a vernacular, "over the counter" way. And, more than one plant species...as in this case...can have the same common name. Here, the name "water chestnut" is also used for a completely different species (a sedge, actually), and this is the one that you can buy in cans at the supermarket, the sliced stuff that goes so well in Oriental stir-fry dishes. So, I'm sure that you will agree with me that the best way to refer to plants is by their scientific names.
Our Mystery Plant, though, is more closely related to the various members of the evening-primrose family. It is an absolute aquatic species, growing in quiet ponds and backwaters, preferring places with mucky bottoms. The leaves produced below the water are dissected and fern-like. The floating leaves, though, are much different in shape. Their blades are diamond shaped, or triangular, and their leaf stalks tend to be swollen, containing air-filled tissues that help the plant float. The flowers, produced at the top of the stem, are small, each one with four tiny white petals, as well as four little stamens. There is a single ovary, which, of course, will yield the odd-looking fruit. A single, starchy seed develops inside the fruit. (These are edible, after being cooked a bit.)
This species showed up in New England just after the Civil War, no doubt as an aquatic garden (aquarium?) plant. As with many cultivated aquatic species, it found its way --accidentally or not-- into the various waterways of New England, and now, much of southern Ontario. There are reports of it as far south as Virginia. For heaven's sake, we don't need yet another aquatic nuisance, likely to choke our lakes, ponds, and rivers, if it ever gets introduced.
If you are interested in growing aquatic plants as a hobby, please don't grow this one...and make sure that whatever aquarium plants you are growing don't somehow end up in our waterways. There are plenty of native aquatic species that are attractive, easy to grow, and perhaps most importantly, non-invasive.
"Water caltrop," Trapa natans
John Nelson is the curator of the A. C. Moore Herbarium at the University of South Carolina, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia SC 29208. As a public service, the Herbarium offers free plant identifications. For more information, visit www.herbarium.org or call 803-777-8196, or email email@example.com.
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Last Modified: November 14, 2013
Pomalidomide is a type of "immunomodulatory agent", meaning it works by affecting the immune system. The exact way it works to fight cancer is unknown. It appears to work in several ways, including inhibiting the formation of blood vessels, which tumors use to get nutrients needed to survive and grow. This is known as anti-angiogenesis. It also interferes with chemicals necessary for the growth of tumors and can cause cell death.
Pomalidomide is given in a capsule form. Swallow the capsule whole with water – do not break, crush or chew this medication. Take this medication without food and at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after a meal. Store this medication at room temperature.
If you miss a dose and it has been less than 12 hours since your regular dose time, take it as soon as you remember. If it has been more than 12 hours, skip the dose. Do not take 2 doses at once to make up for a missed dose. Do not smoke tobacco while taking this medication, as this can reduce the effectiveness of the medication. Be sure your healthcare provider is aware of all the medications and supplements you are taking, as this medication can interact with some other medications.
In order to receive pomalidomide, patients will need to participate in a program called REMS (Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy). This program educates healthcare professionals and patients about the dangers of pomalidomide exposure to a fetus. This exposure can cause serious birth defects and patients taking the medication will need to use two reliable forms of birth control. This includes men taking pomalidomide because it is present in sperm. The REMS program limits who can prescribe and dispense the medication. Patients will also need to complete a survey and safety agreement before starting the drug and every month they are taking it. Important safety reminders:
There are a number of things you can do to manage the side effects of pomalidomide. Talk to your doctor or nurse about these recommendations. They can help you decide what will work best for you. These are some of the most common side effects:
White blood cells (WBC) are important for fighting infection. While receiving treatment, your WBC count can drop, putting you at a higher risk of getting an infection. You should let your doctor or nurse know right away if you have a fever (temperature greater than 100.4 F), sore throat or cold, shortness of breath, cough, burning with urination, or a sore that doesn't heal.
Tips to preventing infection:
For more suggestions, read the Neutropenia Tip Sheet.
Your red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to the tissues in your body. When the red cell count is low, you may feel tired or weak. You should let your doctor or nurse know if you experience any shortness of breath, difficulty breathing or pain in your chest. If the count gets too low, you may receive a blood transfusion. Read the anemia tip sheet for more information.
Platelets help your blood clot, so when the count is low you are at a higher risk of bleeding. Let your doctor or nurse know if you have any excess bruising or bleeding, including nosebleeds, bleeding gums or blood in your urine or stool. If your platelet count becomes too low, you may receive a transfusion of platelets.
Read the thrombocytopenia tip sheet for more information.
While on cancer treatment you may need to adjust your schedule to manage fatigue. Plan times to rest during the day and conserve energy for more important activities. Exercise can help combat fatigue; a simple daily walk with a friend can help. Talk to your healthcare team and see OncoLink's section on fatigue for helpful tips on dealing with this side effect.
Peripheral neuropathy is a toxicity that affects the nerves. It causes a numbness or tingling feeling in the hands and feet, often in the pattern of a stocking or glove. This can get progressively worse with additional doses of the drug. In some people, the symptoms slowly resolve after the drug is stopped, but for some it never goes away completely. You should let your healthcare provider know if you experience numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, as they may need to change the doses of your medication. See OncoLink's section on peripheral neuropathy for tips on dealing with this side effect.
Blood clots are a side effect of this medication and of cancer itself. They occur most frequently in the legs/calves or the lungs. Your healthcare provider may prescribe a blood thinner to reduce the risk of blood clots. Signs of a blood clot in the leg may include any of the following: leg pain, warmth, swelling of one leg more than the other. Signs of a blood clot in the lung could include: fever, shortness of breath that comes on you very quickly, racing heart, chest pain (that tends to be worse when you take a deep breath).
If you have any of these signs or symptoms of blood clots, you will need to be seen immediately so that you can be treated. Blood thinners can be given. Call your doctor or nurse.
There is a slight risk of developing leukemia or other type of cancer due to treatment with this medication.
In clinical trials of this medication, some patients experienced dizziness and confusion. Do not operate a vehicle or machinery until you know how this medication affects you. Do not combine this medication with other medications that can cause dizziness and confusion. Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication.

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You Need to Know About This: Leaders Connecting Communities & Cultures
The older I get the more I seek to connect with people, places and things that feed my passions–purpose development, leadership development and ways to be of service to others. To this end, I decided to check something out last week that held the potential of speaking to my interest. A friend of mind told […] [Read More]


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It didn't take long for Wilson Reis to book his next fight after being scrapped from Wednesday's card in Brazil.
With Norifumi Yamamoto (18-6 MMA, 0-3 UFC) out, Reis (16-4 MMA, 0-0 UFC) will step in later this month to meet Ivan Menjivar (25-10 MMA, 4-3 UFC) in a bantamweight bout at UFC 165. UFC officials announced the change on Tuesday afternoon.
UFC 165 takes place Sept. 21 at Air Canada Centre in Toronto. The main card airs on pay-per-view and features a light heavyweight title fight between champion Jon Jones and top contender Alexander Gustafsson. In the co-main event, interim bantamweight champion Renan Barao defends against Eddie Wineland. Prelims for the show air on FOX Sports 1 and Facebook.


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In ColdFusion 8 Essential Training, developer and Adobe Certified Instructor David Gassner teaches the essentials of Internet application development. From defining a ColdFusion-enabled page in Dreamweaver to publishing the finished project, the training teaches all the steps for creating powerful web-based applications . The training also covers how ColdFusion processes pages, how to query a database, how to validate data entry forms, and much more. Exercise files accompany the tutorials.
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Plus Blog
January 23, 2009
Friday, January 23, 2009
Darwin and the web of life
One hundred and fifty years after the publication of On the origin of species, it seems that one of Darwin's most fruitful ideas, that the course of evolution can be represented in the shape of a tree, is in need of updating. Evidence is mounting that what we should be thinking of instead is a web.
Reconstructing relationships between species from genetic information is a mathematical exercise, as well as a biological one. Darwin's tree of life, as a mathematical object, is an example of a graph, a collection of nodes connected by edges, with the special property that there's only one route between any two nodes. There are no circuits in the graph because it was assumed that genes can only be transferred between parents and offspring. But as Plus reported last year, there is evidence that genes can also be transferred between species horizontally, for example through hybridisation or swapping of genetic material between unrelated species. An article in this week's New Scientists brings together many strands of evidence for horizontal gene transfer. According to the article, the evidence doesn't just concern strange unicellular beasts, but also humans and other mammals: it is estimated that "40 to 50 per cent of the human genome consists of DNA imported horizontally by viruses"!
As a result, many scientists now think that a more general form of graph, a network, is what is needed to describe life. Given the potential complexity of networks, genetics may soon be in desperate need of mathematicians.
posted by Plus @ 4:35 PM
1 Comments:
January 23, 2009
Friday, January 23, 2009
Shine a light on dodgy stats
This week both the Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail ran stories claiming that switching off street lights could significantly increase the number of road deaths. The stories were based on a paper published in the Cochrane Library, which considered three studies into the connection between road accidents and street lighting. However, it seems that the headlines are a typical example of misinterpretation of statistics.
As David Spiegelhalter, Professor for the Public Understanding of Risk at the University of Cambridge, writes on his website Understanding Uncertainty, the studies suffer from three major flaws: poor data, publication bias, and what's known as regression to the mean. Spiegelhalter points out that the three studies underlying the paper were poor and conducted decades ago, with one dating from as far back as 1948 — not a very good basis for drawing conclusions about today's traffic. The term publication bias refers to the fact that studies which show dramatic results are more likely to be published than those that don't. It's quite possible that there were other studies, which found no connection between street lights and accidents, but that no-one bothered to publish such boring results. Regression to the mean is a commonly observed effect, which results from random fluctuations. If street lights were installed on a certain road, then this is most likely because that road recently experienced a spade of accidents. Such a freak period can be purely down to chance, in which case one would expect the accident rate to return to normal after a while. Thus the improved accident rate after the installation of lights may be purely down to chance, rather than the improved lighting.
All this doesn't of course mean that street lights are useless. It simply means that the evidence is nowhere near as sound as the newspaper headlines claim. The Daily Mail, to its credit, did consult an expert, namely Spiegelhalter, but it's probably the headline, rather than his warning, that will stick in readers' minds.
If you're interested in matters of uncertainty and risk, then visit the Understanding Uncertainty website, or read Spiegelhalter's column in Plus.
Labels: Health and medicine
posted by Plus @ 3:15 PM
0 Comments:
January 22, 2009
Thursday, January 22, 2009
When it comes to describing natural phenomena, mathematics is amazingly — even unreasonably — effective. In this article Mario Livio looks at an example of strings and knots, taking us from the mysteries of physical matter to the most esoteric outpost of pure mathematics, and back again.
posted by Plus @ 3:36 PM
0 Comments:
January 22, 2009
Thursday, January 22, 2009
Tweet tweet! Plus now on Twitter
What's that? Is it a bird, a plane? No, it's Plus, and it's new update service on Twitter!!
posted by Plus @ 9:24 AM
0 Comments:
January 16, 2009
Friday, January 16, 2009
Leading European scientists have said that mathematical modelling is key to future breakthroughs in the treatment of diseases including cancer, schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. In a science policy briefing published by the European Science Foundation, the scientists set out a detailed strategy for the application of an area called systems biology to medical research. The aim is to improve early diagnosis, develop new therapies and drugs, and to move to a more personalised style of medicine.
Labels: Health and medicine, Latest news
posted by Plus @ 5:29 PM
0 Comments:
January 15, 2009
Thursday, January 15, 2009
You aren't what your mother eats
Last year a group of scientists came up with a surprising answer to a question that has occupied humanity since the dawn of time: how to influence the sex of your baby. In the paper You are what your mother eats, published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, the scientists claimed that it's all down to breakfast cereal. Eat more of it, and you increase your chances of giving birth to a boy. A highly unlikely claim, you might think, but there it was, the result of a sober statistical analysis of 740 women and their diet.
But now it seems that the team's sensational "evidence" was a result of pure chance and due to a basic methodological error. In a new paper, also published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, statisticians and medical experts show that the original authors most likely fell victim to a statistical pitfall that has been known to mathematicians since the nineteenth century. The problem arises when you perform too many tests on the same data set. To put it simply, the more questions you ask, the more likely it is that you get a strange answer to one of them.
As an example, imagine that your data set consists of the 740 women, information on their diet, and whether they give birth to a girl or a boy. You might then ask whether eating jellybeans influences the sex of the child. You count how many jellybean-eating mothers and how many non-jellybean-eating mothers give birth to boys and compute the percentage difference. If that difference appears large, it's tempting to conclude that jellybeans do influence the sex of the baby, but to be sure you ask yourself the following question: what is the probability that the large difference occurred purely by chance, and not because jellybeans influence gender? Using probabilistic methods, it's possible to calculate this probability, and if it is very low, you have good evidence that the result wasn't just pure chance and that jellybeans do indeed have an effect on gender.
But now imagine that you're not just testing the effect of jellybeans, but of a whole range of different foodstuffs on the same data set. For each individual food, a large discrepancy in boy-births between women who eat the food and women who don't might indicate that the food influences gender, as it is highly unlikely that such a freak event would occur purely by chance. However, the more opportunity there is for a freak event to occur, the higher the chance that it will indeed occur. In other words, the more foods you test, the higher the chance that one of them will show a large discrepancy by chance when in reality there is no connection between that food and gender. It's a bit like playing dice: the more dice you throw, the higher the chance that one of them comes up with a six.
According to the new paper, written by Stanley Young, Heejung Bang and Kutluk Oktay, the authors of the original study failed to take account of the effects of multiple testing — indeed they tested a total of 132 foods in two different time periods. Young, Bang and Oktay re-examined the data and found that with such a large number of tests, one would expect some to falsely indicate a dependence of gender on the given foodstuff.
"This paper comes across as well-intended, but it is hard to believe that women can increase the likelihood of having a baby-boy instead of a baby-girl by eating more bananas, cereal or salt," Young, Bang and Oktay say in the paper. "Nominal statistical significance, unadjusted for multiple testing, is often used to lend plausibility to a research finding; with an arguably implausible result, it is essential that multiple testing be taken into account with transparent methods for claims to have any level of credibility."
Labels: Health and medicine
posted by Plus @ 5:05 PM
2 Comments:


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Peyton said 'No'; What does Fitz say?
Editor's note: Arizona Sports' Paul Calvisi, who also serves as the sideline reporter on Arizona Cardinals radio broadcasts, got an exclusive interview with All-Pro receiver Larry Fitzgerald.
We thought we'd have to wait to hear Fitzgerald's thoughts on the Manning recruitment until he got back from his Australian vacation. That's not true. Calvisi's interview was conducted via text message (gotta love technology, huh?)
Fitz shares his thoughts on the Cards' attempts at landing Peyton Manning, some details from Manning's visit to the Cardinals training facility and his vacation in Australia.
Paul Calvisi: The Cardinals heard from Peyton Manning late
last week - did u?
Larry Fitzgerald: "I have never had any contact w/Peyton. The meeting in Indy was a lie and I never spoke to him besides seeing him at the facility on Sunday before I left."
PC: What can u tell us about that meeting w/Peyton last
Sunday? Your takeaways?
Fitz: "He is what everybody has heard about him. Extremely intelligent and dots all his I's & crosses his T's. He is what u would want out of the leader of your O or team for that matter."
PC: In his statement, Coach W called a chance to acquire PM
"something very unique." How much of a difference-maker can he still
Fitz: "I mean, just look at the Colts last year. If he would have played and been healthy, they still would have won 10 games and made the playoffs most likely. W/out him, they are picking #1 in a month."
PC: Did u get a sense of what matters the most to him in this
process? And, do you know how seriously he considered AZ?"
Fitz: "No, I didn't speak to him on that level. We watched tape, he asked questions and that's about it. I would assume what matters most would be a question for MB, Whiz, or RG."
PC: What did u tell Peyton about this Cards team or how did u
describe the offense/system to PM?
Fitz: "Didn't ask him any of those ?'s. It was all tape watching & system questions, protections and route adjustments. All football stuff, then I left b4 lunch."
PC: To what degree was his visit akin to a college recruiting
trip? Also, when PM left AZ, how confident were u? Did u have a gut
feeling of any sort?
Fitz: "No gut feelings. We just watched film. Had no expectations, just wait & see like everyone else. I don't know what his other visits were like, so I don't have anything to compare it to, you know?"
PC: Will it be tough for u not to think about what could've
been w/Peyton? And what's a realistic expectation for the Cards offense
in 2012 under Kolb or Skelton?
Fitz: "I personally don't base things off speculation. I deal in reality. I'm going to play hard like I always do regardless of who is throwing the ball to me, let it be u or anybody else."
PC: Good thing it ain't Paulie Paper Lion - LOL! Last ? =
whatz been the highlight or memorable moment from your trip Down
Fitz: "Playing at the Reef is amazing. The wildlife and fish and everything else is just so much fun."
PC: BTW - do U get recognized in Australia?
Fitz: "Nope."
PC: Gotcha. XL Thanks, Larry!
Fitz: "NP."


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August 3, 2015
Lt. Sigler Profit Share
Family and friends are organizing a fundraiser for a College Station Police Lieutenant battling esophageal cancer.
The College Station Police Officer's Wives Association is hosting a profit share to benefit the family of Lieutenant Rodney Sigler.
It will be held Saturday at the Froyoyo Frozen Yogurt Shop on Harvey Road in College Station from 5-8pm.
In June of 2012, College Station Police Lieutenant Rodney Sigler was diagnosed with a rare form of esophageal cancer caused from acid reflux. He has undergone aggressive treatments of radiation and chemotherapy as well as surgery (Sept. 24).
A quarter of all profits brought in will go directly to the Sigler family to help pay for medical expenses.
On November 10th supporters will hold a BBQ, Raffle, Bake Sale & Silent Auction benefiting the Sigler Family.
All proceeds from this benefit will go directly to the Sigler Family.
For more information or to pre-order tickets, please send an email to firstname.lastname@example.com — in College Station, TX.
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Tip sheet is available online at library home page > Distance Education Services > Research Tip Sheets.
Online Library Resources
The library's all-in-one Catalog enables you to search everything in the library at one time, including books, music, films, journal articles, eBooks, etc. If you are searching only for journal articles, using individual, subject-appropriate periodical databases is highly recommended.
To access the Catalog, go to the main search box on the library home page.
- To search everything at once, enter your search term in the All Resources Search Box; Keyword is the default, but you may select Author or Title, instead. Click the Search button.
- Go to the left-hand sidebar to limit or target your search:
- Limit your search to items in Golden Library only by checking the Catalog Only box.
- To see only books, select the Books box or use the Show More link, if needed.
Once your search results are displayed, you need to access or locate the material.
- For journal articles, click any PDF, HTML, LinkSource, Linked Full Text, View this record from... , Online Access link to view full-text articles. If no full-text link is available, you may place an Interlibrary Loan (ILL) request. Be advised that Linked Full Text and LinkSource links provide full text only about 50% of the time (there is no login.)
- For eBooks, if an "eBook Full Text" link is visible, click the link and read it online. To access additional eBooks, see the eBook Collection section on the Periodical Databases page.
- For print books, video, audio, maps, documents, etc., a location code, call number or other link will be displayed.
- If the item is only available at Golden Library, you will see the call number, the status (Check Shelves means it is on the shelf) and the location within the library.
- If the item is also available through other NM academic libraries, click the Show More link and scroll down until you see the call number, status and location for ENMPO (ENMPO = ENMU). If the item does not display ENMPO information, you must request it via ILL.
To search for journal articles only, in a database specifically designed for your subject matter, go to the library home page, scroll down and click Periodical Databases link, and select one of the databases listed below at the Databases by Name alphabetical list in the upper right. Click the letter that begins the database name and then the database name link; if you are off campus, enter your ENMU student ID# at the remote authentication screen.
To search only within a specific online journal, go to the library home page and click the Journal Titles A-Z tab atop the main search box. Enter journal title in the box and click the Search button. If the journal is available online, you will see one or more database choices; click an appropriate link and search by year/volume/issue, or search within the publication by entering a search term in an available search box.
Databases for Sociology/Social Work/Criminal Justice Research
- Academic Search Premier--scholarly, full text
- JSTOR--scholarly, full text except current issues
- PsycINFO--scholarly, limited full text
- CQ Researcher--social issues, full text
- InfoTrac Criminal Justice--scholarly, significant full text
- Annual Review of Sociology
- Annual Review of Psychology
- Westlaw--law, full text
Sociological Web Resources
Bureau of Justice Statistics
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Census Bureau
National Criminal Justice Reference Service
Pew Research Center
SEARCH--National Consortium for Justice Information and Statistics
Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Stats
Requesting Material
Register with the ILLiad Interlibrary Loan (ILL) system and create your personal ILLiad account. Go to the Interlibrary Loan link and click on the ILLiad Log In/Register link on the left-hand sidebar. Click on the "First Time Users" button and register with the system. Enter your ENMU email address, create an ILLiad username of your own choosing, and enter your ENMU ID number as your ILLiad password. Return to the same ILLiad Log In/Register link and logon to your ILLiad account to use the system.
- if you are taking classes on the main campus, check Golden Library's holdings first, before submitting a request. If your item is unavailable online or in the library, you may place an ILL request.
- if you are a distance education student and do not come to the main campus for your classes, you may request anything not available full-text online via ILL, including items in Golden Library.
On-campus students may pick up requested items at the library's Circulation Desk. Items requested from distance education students will be sent directly to them. Articles will be available electronically via your ENMU email account or your ILLiad account. For items we must request from other libraries, the turnaround time may be as long as two weeks for books; most articles arrive within 2-3 days. Golden Library has no control over lending terms and renewal policies set by other libraries.
Reference Assistance
Ask for help! Contact Michele Wood, or by phone at 575.562.2644 or 800.450.7279.


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Monday, April 19, 2010
abortion and circumcision
I have read, from other opponents of routine circumcision, analogies between the pro-choice position on abortion and the anti-routine circumcision stance. This is a natural enough connection for me, as I fall into both camps, but I am very leery of this kind of equivalency. Political situations are always individual and idiosyncratic, and so political discussions of various issues always have to unfold according to their own internal logic. Analogizing issues like circumcision and abortion too closely invites distortion of each, and people have (understandably) various sensitivities about political "turf." So I would caution anyone against making this kind of comparison too easily or in any kind of comprehensive way. However, there is one set of shared principles that I think are worth looking at in these issues, a facet of each discussion where the political and moral reasoning seem close to identical, to me.
You occasionally will hear from opponents of abortion who wonder what the big deal is about carrying a baby to term. They can't imagine why doing so is seen as such an imposition on the woman. (Lest I be accused of engaging a weak man, this is of course not the only or primary argument anti-abortion advocates use.) Now, to me, such reasoning is entirely unconvincing. I can imagine all kinds of ways that carrying a pregnancy to term is difficult for women, and have read many first-hand accounts from women on just how difficult pregnancy can be. Likewise, I can imagine many ways in which having a baby can be socially or economically crippling to a woman, even if she plans on giving the baby up for adoption.
But the truth is, it doesn't matter what is apparent to me, or convincing to me, or what I can read or understand or imagine. It doesn't matter. What matters is that I respect the right of women to make that choice for themselves and their bodies. I can't inhabit the life of another person, particularly someone of another sex, and so I can't meaningfully understand her choices. I don't have to, to support her right to choose. I only have to recognize that some of the most elementary human rights are the rights to be sovereign other ones own body. Me, personally, I'm compelled by arguments about how hard having a baby or supporting a baby can be. Doesn't matter whether I am or not.
This is where the one similarity to circumcision comes in, and it's important. Often times, in this debate, you encounter people who take it as self-evidently absurd (and, often, funny) that anyone could be emotionally invested in the presence or absence of foreskin. You get these dueling sets of evidence, about STDs and penile cancer, and about pleasure reduction, etc. To me, trying to convince people empirically that the foreskin is important is exactly the wrong way to go about having the argument. Because just as with a pregnant woman and her choice, it is absolutely immaterial that anyone else be able to understand why a man might feel one particular way about his foreskin. It really doesn't matter if anyone on the Internet can be convinced about his feelings. It only matters that we recognize that it is his body.
This is complicated, of course, by the fact that circumcision, unlike abortion, almost always happens to infants who are incapable of choosing or understanding the choice. (Which is interesting.) Unlike some who are opposed to routine circumcision, I can't go so far as to advocate taking the decision away from the parents; parents have to be responsible for the medical decisions of their children, and circumcision remains a medical procedure. But I do strongly urge parents to really think about it, and to give strong weight to the fact that the infant is a human being with a human being's ownership of his own body. Many people seem to circumcise their infant boys out of a vague sense that it's just what's done, not out of religious conviction or appeal to the (seemingly negligible) health benefits for those in the developed world. That seems to me to be a terrible imposition on the right of the child to control his own body, without much justification at all.
And, remember-- the procedure will always be available to him. If he gets to be an age where he notices and cares about the fact that he is uncircumcised, he can always have the procedure performed. If he does, it will be his choice.
35 comments:
- Ryan Bonneville said...
"This is complicated, of course, by the fact that circumcision, unlike abortion, almost always happens to infants who are incapable of choosing or understanding the choice."
This is, of course, self-evidently false.
"And, remember-- the procedure will always be available to him."
Suicide also remains a viable option for the child, if one were to choose not to murder him in vitro.
- April 19, 2010 at 10:08 AM
- Josh said...
The wrinkle in the "It'll always be available to him" argument is that if you do grow up and wish you were circumcised, it's a procedure you wish had been done when you were a baby.
- April 19, 2010 at 10:20 AM
- Freddie said...
This is, of course, self-evidently false.
Oh self-evidence, is there anything you can't do? It's so not self-evident, in fact, that I can't even imagine what you are objecting to, or what your argument is.
Suicide also remains a viable option for the child, if one were to choose not to murder him in vitro.
I can't argue with your logic.
The wrinkle in the "It'll always be available to him" argument is that if you do grow up and wish you were circumcised, it's a procedure you wish had been done when you were a baby.
Perhaps, but if I'm understanding your reasoning for why, you might say the same thing about getting a tattoo. Yet most parents, I think, would be unlikely to tattoo their child, even though that, too, is a permanently body-altering procedure.
I've never met anyone who got a circumcision as an adult who wasn't coerced into doing so as a condition of being able to marry the person he loved, so it's difficult for me to understand the motivations of such a man. I have sympathy for someone who wants to surgically alter their body, but it's the case that surgical alteration requires healing and recuperation.
- April 19, 2010 at 10:28 AM
- Josh said...
No, agreed -- the wrinkle is not all that wrinkly. Honestly (I don't know a less silly-sounding way to say this, but I am being serious), I just really like my circumcised penis and I'm glad my parents did it, because I can imagine wanting it done and at the same time not wanting to ask a doctor to cut something off my grown-up private parts.
Obviously, this is not a logically compelling argument. Who knows if Hypothetical Me in a parallel universe doesn't love his uncut dick just as much?
- April 19, 2010 at 10:35 AM
- Freddie said...
Yeah. I mean, I try really, really hard to avoid the "state of nature" arguments that a lot of anti-circumcision zealots throw around; I think that they're not particularly compelling in the first place and much more complicated than the people arguing them seem to realize.
At the same time, part of the anti-circumcision argument is inevitably going to revolve around the fact that, without surgical intervention, you're going to be uncircumcised, rather than the alternative. Letting people choose whether or not they want to be circumcised when they are intellectually and socially capable of making that choice is very likely going to result in many less circumcised men, for exactly the reason you articulate: people are comfortable with what they've already got. To me, that's just another argument against routine circumcision, but it's complicated.
One thing that we have to be adamant about, I think, is not allowing people on either side to feel weird or deficient for being as they are, circumcised or not. We should take care, and I try to, not to embrace the idea of the impurity or deficiency of the other side-- another tendency, unfortunately, of some of the more zealous of those oppose to circumcision. This is another example of the beauty of allowing people to feel the way they choose about their own bodies: if you think that anyone, circumcised or not circumcised, is the sole authority on the state of their own body, you'll be less likely to make anyone feel inferior about the condition of that body.
- April 19, 2010 at 10:44 AM
- Ryan Bonneville said...
"Oh self-evidence, is there anything you can't do? It's so not self-evident, in fact, that I can't even imagine what you are objecting to, or what your argument is."
I suspect that has more to do with your lack of imagination than anything else.
- April 19, 2010 at 11:09 AM
- Freddie said...
The fact remains: I don't know what you're saying, and I won't, until you decide to tell me.
- April 19, 2010 at 11:13 AM
- Ryan Bonneville said...
What I'm saying is that abortion is exactly the same as circumcision in the sense you say it isn't. Unless your contention is that the aborted child happens to be capable of choosing or understanding the choice, which I sort of expect it isn't.
Obviously you disagree in some semantic sense, because you don't believe a child counts as a child until it's born (this is what I like to call the liberal defense of slavery, because there's nothing as fun as systematically denying humanity to a class of people for your own selfish reasons), but surely your imagination is capable of comprehending the argument. And in which case the whole thing breaks down, as these things always do, when we all start screaming definitions and first principles at each other.
- April 19, 2010 at 11:21 AM
- Freddie said...
I have a hard time seeing that my conduct here represents "screaming" by any definition whatsoever. Yes, I support abortion rights; yes, I do so because I think that the beginning of human life is at birth. No, we are unlikely to agree on that subject.
As for my comprehension of your point, in the excerpt you quoted, I am analogizing the mother who is capable of making the choice to have an abortion to the infant who is incapable of making the choice to have a circumcision. You are free to insist on the rights of the fetus, but the fetus lay outside of my comparison.
- April 19, 2010 at 11:26 AM
- Ryan Bonneville said...
I'm not accusing you of screaming; I'm simply pointing out that, at the base, it's all we'll get to here. You believe one thing; I believe another; those two things are not reconcilable and not subject to empirical study.
As for your analogy, of course, it's just as easy to claim that you are comparing the mother who is capable of choosing whether her child is allowed to live to the mother who is capable of choosing whether her child gets circumcised. Where we disagree is, I think, that you believe abortion is a thing that happens only to a mother, while circumcision is a thing that happens only to a child. I find that a pretty untenable distinction.
- April 19, 2010 at 11:33 AM
- Nick said...
Really, the whole issue does not turn on bodily rights, but on health benefits. If chopping off a newborn child's left pinky-finger was shown to definitively prevent malaria, then we'd all be advocating the procedure (at least, in malaria-affected areas). Children, especially very young children, do not have any recognized bodily rights, and we all accept that parents can do drastic things to their child's body if there is a generally recognized consensus that doing so will prevent more future harm.
So, the whole issue clearly hinges on the empirical, contingent facts about circumcision and health, not on deontic considerations of rights and integrity.
- April 19, 2010 at 12:59 PM
- Freddie said...
So, the whole issue clearly hinges on the empirical, contingent facts about circumcision and health, not on deontic considerations of rights and integrity.
First of all, says you; I'm afraid that the fact that you think something is the case does not meet my own evidetiary standards. Funny how that works!
Second of all, if this is the case, then in developed countries, circumcision should be absolutely unheard of, as the epidemiological benefits to circumcision that there is some evidence exist in sub-Saharan Africa are unrelated to the conditions in the developed world, as I have written about at great length.
Third, the ethical and practical considerations of this issue are of course vastly more complicated than you are asserting here. The appendix performs no other function other than to give people appendicitis, yet we don't provide routine appendectomies at infancy-- despite the fact, by the way, that the risk of complications in appendectomy are comparable to those in circumcision. Somehow, the empirical medical facts of appendicitis are insufficient grounds there.
- April 19, 2010 at 2:17 PM
Slight aside: Regarding the appendix, there is a school of thought that the appendix is a reservoir for beneficial bacteria that would otherwise be flushed from the human body during more primitive times due to constant diarrhea and such.
Re: circumcision. At least let's get it together regarding the procedure itself. Having a veritable layperson do it (I think the term is bris?) is just wrong. It's a medical procedure. And for heaven's sake get the right equipment. I found out late in life that they didn't have the right size equipment when I was circumsized at birth, but they went ahead anyways with what they had and that explained the painful tightness of the skin (to the point I felt it might rupture) during arousal.
And scar tissue is just not sexy.
- April 19, 2010 at 4:23 PM
Bravo Freddie. As a pro-choice liberal man, I have also compared the circumcision issue to abortion re: having autonomy over one's own body. It has amazed me to hear the cavalier support for circumcision from some liberal prochoice women, as if it's never occurred to them that the autonomy we believe applies to women also applies to men.
The appendix comparison, too, came to my mind. We would never think of doing that to an infant, even though unlike circumcision it does not mutilate a body part he will use throughout his life.
Call me an "anti-circumcision zealot", but I am very upset about having been circumcised against my will as an infant.
Josh, the obvious "wrinkle" I'm more concerned about is that, if an infant is circumcised and grows up wishing he wasn't circumcised, there's not a damn thing he can do.
Nick, children *do* have bodily rights. If you think parents have complete control over what they do to their children, tell that to the DSS. As the years go on, and more people are writing and speaking out against circumcision, I hope consensus will accept as natural the child's right to preserve his genitals from unnecessary mutilation, just as we no longer think it acceptable to punish kids by hanging them by their wrists or locking them in sheds overnight.
- April 19, 2010 at 5:04 PM
I second Ryan Bonneville's objection. Abortion always happens to human organisms "who are incapable of choosing or understanding the choice," among others. I suppose you are entitled to believe - how could you not be? - that human life begins at birth, but your definition of human life must be passing strange, whether you have bothered to formulate it or not. To get birth as the beginning, when it marks no bright line in development or capacities, you have to define human life explicitly with reference to non-containment or non-attachment to another human's body. This should indicate to you that your idea of bodily integrity and self-possession is not just something you recognize as belonging to human beings, but it's actually your criterion for being a human in the first place. I have no illusions that I will persuade you from your overall position, but I submit that anybody should find it odd, given the fact that as a biological organism, as a mammal, it is entirely normal and necessary to spend part of one's history without such non-containment or non-attachment. Nor does birth mark the moment of self-possession in any fuller sense, as in the capacity to direct one's body towards one's purposes, or anything like that. So as a criterion for humanity in the relevant sense, I submit that this seems to be rather too neatly tailored to allow for abortions, and only abortions - the criterion is not something grounded in more fundamental claims about what it is to be human.
- April 19, 2010 at 6:48 PM
- James said...
While agreeing with your wariness of the notion of the "natural", Freddie, I can not help that each of these topics are more than controversial enough; without you blending them.
I see your point, of course, but besides as Sully-bait (although it's worked as that, & I imagine there'll be a "response" post to this call too) I don't find this post entirely helpful towards any desirable end. More likely if this comparison was replicated elsewhere you'd see anti-circumcision stances start to become conflated with the pro-choice one.
Not that there's anything incorrect about being pro-choice, but this becoming part of the culture war framework is the last thing we need. I can see it now:
Silly liberals & their love of all things European strikes once again! American traditions, undermined by the left! Good heavens, I can't think of much worse...
- April 19, 2010 at 8:14 PM
- Freddie said...
I'm afraid I have to write as my curiosity and interest strikes me, James, or not write at all. Just don't have much of a mind for intellectual strategy.
- April 19, 2010 at 8:24 PM
As perhaps the only female in this discussion, let me ask you guys this:
Is circumcision illegal?? Is anyone trying to make it illegal??
If it were illegal, how many deaths would be reported??
This whole discussion pisses me off since it's really no comparison. Apples and broccoli, as far as I'm concerned. Not even apples and oranges.
The same when Male Circumcision is compared to Female Mutilation. There is no such thing as Female Circumcision.
Since there's only guys here (except for anonymous), imagine not having just having the foreskin cut off, no imagine having the entire 'head' cut off.
THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS TO FEMALE 'CIRCUMCISION'! Oh, and plus, the women get 'sown shut'.
Just for a second you guys, just for a SECOND imagine the head of your penis being cut off.
Is that 'circumcision' or is that plain mutilation and torture?
Circumcision is predominantly performed by adults upon infants. Is it right? Nope, not in my opinion.
Abortion is a choice for a woman, what she wants for her body and possibly for the rest of her life.
A woman may not be ready to be a mother (don't bring up adoption, please. Just look at all those kids needing and wanting to be adopted. No takers. Pro-life my ass)
For the vast majority of the Pro-Lifers I read somewhere (and I have to agree), Life starts at conception and stops at birth.
Grrhhhggrrhh = I get so so mad at this BS.
- April 19, 2010 at 8:57 PM
- Sam said...
"You occasionally will hear from opponents of abortion who wonder what the big deal is about carrying a baby to term."
Will you? I am an occasional Catholic, but born into a staunch pro-life family. And I mean staunch. I have heard aboout this issue for as long as I can remember. And I do not recall ever hearing anyone oppose abortion on the grounds that bearing and/or rearing a child is no big deal.
I am not doubting that you have heard it. But seriously, is this an argument that you often hear? From whom?
- April 19, 2010 at 9:12 PM
Sam - I don't know who said that.
They need to know though, that throughout the world child-birth is the number one or two killer for women.
But I guess some men just don't care.
That's the only conclusion I can come to.
Control and power.
Without women, men don't exist.
Women so control that men feel the need to pass laws to demean and lower women's power.
Especially in the so-called 'Third World' women control 75% of the economy but less than 3% of Government.
Men like to live off of women I guess. They do, yet they resent it, so they will oppress them.
Disgusting. It's the same in every religion too - Christian, Islam, Judaism.
Not the 'smaller' religions - they appreciate and respect women.
Just not the major religions. We're just finding out about the Catholics - how much more abuse it there in the Islam and Jewish communities. Both VERY male oriented!!
- April 19, 2010 at 9:45 PM
This is what I expected to happen...
Male only conversation, unable to hear reality.
Did you know that one guy, running for election in SC, is suggesting that women's voting rights be rescinded????
Stand up for that, instead of a blurb that's less than a booger.
But oh no, life life LIFE!!!
Well, there's bigger creatures living in your booger than in a woman's womb at times.
You flick away the booger, you're bout to kill the woman.
Grow up.
- April 19, 2010 at 10:19 PM
- Ron said...
FGM can INDEED be compared to male circumcision. When the female version from removes the clitoral hood they are THE EXACT SAME THING, except that hers is illegal.
75% of the most severely mutilated women (infibulation) report orgasms during sex. Most FGMs are less severe than the average male circumcision. 94% of the world's people live under anti-FGM laws (though rarely enforced), even though research proves FGM cuts AIDS risk.
Regarding a male growing up to wish he had been cut in infancy, he should know that he would have gotten a lousy cut job. Infancy is the worst time to do cosmetic surgery since you can't know how the organ or the skin tube would grow, and you can't even know the state of the genitals (puffed up from handling or shriveled from the cold room?) to make guesses about what you're dealing with. Any small error is magnified as the victim grows, and of course he has to heal under the care of laypeople, while sitting in a fouled diaper, unable to communicate about what hurts or what may not feel just right about the healing. This leads to common hideous cosmetic and functional outcomes you can see by Googling "circumcision damage" including hair growing up to the scar line, excessive tightness (even to the point of causing curvature), bulgy painful truncated vein, skin bridges, adhesions, skin tags, pits and gouges to the glans, malopposition of the raphe, numb zones, assymetry, and on and on, none of which are listed on the parental consent form. The ones that ARE listed for parents can be bad too, including potentially deadly infection or blood loss and obvious surgical errors. Infant circumcision is as stupid as infant collagen injections to the lips. How dare someone speculate about what somebody else wants to see in the mirror 2 decades from now and then try to execute that in infancy?
Foreskin feels REALLY good. It's HIS body and morally it's HIS decision.
- April 20, 2010 at 1:39 AM
- James said...
Well the thing is, Freddie, your formula is actually a very good one:
1) Avoid "Natural" (No one likes a hippie)
2) Avoid "Ban it, Ban it now!" (makes you sound shrill, derails the conversation from ethics to legality, stages the fight on your shakiest ground)
3) Avoid "Damaged/mutilated/etc" (No one likes hearing their dicks defective)
4) Emphasise "Choice" (Best argument to the front, using one of the magic words of contemporary discourse)
So you actually have a pretty effective framework for the "intacticist" movement, right there.
- April 20, 2010 at 6:24 AM
- Freddie said...
To be clear, Annette, I want to avoid easy comparisons between the abortion issue and the circumcision issue because of exactly some of the issues you describe. That's why I have pointed out that I'm against those comparisons, as a general rule. I just wanted to demonstrate one way in which I think it is a relevant comparison.
- April 20, 2010 at 8:28 AM
- FredR said...
Just like the Death Penalty, abortion and circumcision are sacrifices.
When a man commits rape and murder, his life may be sacrificed as punishment for his crime of selfish ignorance, taking away the right to life from another.
When a man impregnates a women who doesn't want to be pregnant, the unborn child's life may be sacrificed as punishment for parental ignorance.
When humans commit false masculine creationism they can be tricked into the ritual sacrifice of their sons and daughters prepuce as punishment for their ignorance.
Like it or not, the parts of the human prepuce evolved to enhance sexual pleasure. Without the inorance, humans can be properly raised to enjoy a lifetime of pleasure with all the parts we were given.
- April 20, 2010 at 8:53 AM
Their is no proof of when a soul inhabits a baby, so forcing a woman to carry a child is strictly religious dogma. We issue "Birth" certificates, not "Conception" certificates. But circumcision is a different matter. Then, the baby is actually born, and a circumcision is a procedure done to a an actual, self identified human being, not potential human that is still really just another anatomical internal organ of a woman. I did not have a choice when I was circumsized, but I'm glad my parents had it done. I would have wanted one now, but would have been terrified of the surgery.
- April 20, 2010 at 4:14 PM
- Hugh7 said...
The trouble with the abortion debate, and hence comparing it with circumcision, is that pregnancy is a process, not a state, and what we call "abortion" is a very different thing at the beginning of pregnancy and at the end. (So an expression like "murder him in utero" [sic, Ryan B, "in vitro" means in glassware] begs the question that you are near the end, not the beginning.)
Be that as it may, the Born-Alive Infants Protection Act, signed by George W. Bush in 2002, ensures that every infant born alive is considered a person under federal law.
@Josh: there are no good studies, but informal polls suggest that the proportion of unhappy cut men is much greater than the proportion of unhappy intact men - which is as you'd expect. The only reason for wanting to have part of your genitals cut off if they're funtioning normally is to be like others. In countries where circumcision is unusual, they'd think you were mad for wanting to do so.
@Nick: "If chopping off a newborn child's left pinky-finger was shown to definitively prevent malaria, then we'd all be advocating the procedure (at least, in malaria-affected areas)."
Not quite. You'd still need to do a full risk-benefit analysis. Circumcision doesn't "definitively prevent" anything, if you mean 100% prevention, except those few rare ailments confined to the foreskin, and the claims that it confers useful protection against anything else are exaggerated or bogus.
"we all accept that parents can do drastic things to their child's body if there is a generally recognized consensus that doing so will prevent more future harm."
You are presumably referring to correcting abnomalities. But we don't accept that there is any other normal, healthy, functional, non-renewable part of a child's body that parents may cut off at their whim. Why the anomaly? And the nearest corresponding part of a girl's body has special legal protection. Why the double standard? More than 70% of the world's men are intact (and most of the other 30% were circumcised for religious or cultural reasons), suggesting that future harm is far from inevitable.
@Freddie: I agree with you that "Nature" does not always "know best", but the foreskin could and would have evolved away if it was harmful (unlike the appendix, which is genetically linked to the rest of the intestine), and if such a uniquely mobile, richly innervated organ, situated where it is, does not have an erogenous function, what was God/evolution thinking of?
- April 20, 2010 at 6:42 PM
- Restoring Tally said...
Freddie, you had me until the end. Then you weaseled out. Your statement, "It only matters that we recognize that it is his body" is inconsistent with your statement, "I can't go so far as to advocate taking the decision away from the parents."
You rely on the fact that circumcision is a medical procedure. Duh. So is surgically removing any other healthy body part, but we do not allow parents to decide to remove anything except the foreskin. Parents do not enjoy carte blanche for any medical procedure for their children. Limits are placed on parents, except for male infant circumcision.
If you truly believe his body, his choice, then parental choice is not an option.
- April 21, 2010 at 1:07 AM
Did you seriously just write an entire post that indirectly equated the right to choose with circumcision?
I think you did. Want to equate sexism and racism next?
- April 23, 2010 at 9:38 PM
- Hugh7 said...
@Anonymous: "Did you seriously just write an entire post that indirectly equated the right to choose with circumcision?
I think you did. Want to equate sexism and racism next?"
To draw a parallel is not to "equate". We draw parallels (make analogies) all the time, it's one of the hallmarks of human thinking. The trick is to make the right comparisons and not to make the wrong ones. Of course racism has parallels with sexism (think about denial of the vote, think about sexual stereotyping). And of course they are not exactly the same. Uppity women were never, so far as I know, lynched, but I'm open to correction on that.
I don't think the parallel between abortion and circumcision is close enough to spend a lot of energy on (see my previous post). And already this blog has drawn feminist fire. But I still like the slogan "His body, his choice."
- April 24, 2010 at 4:03 AM
It's very bad practice, in fact a sexist practice in this case, to equate an issue that is very personal to womens' reproductive rights with something that is male.
It makes someone else's suffering about men. Like most things do, such as worrying about Crying Rape instead of the incredibly high number of actual rapes.
It is an inappropriate parallel. The issue is worth discussing without using such a poorly considered one.
- April 24, 2010 at 12:12 PM
- Liz said...
This is a really interesting comparison. I mean, obviously, the many caveats in your introduction are important- a direct comparison between abortion and circumcision probably gets really offensive and absurd really quickly. But!
I have often struggled, in conversations with men, to impress upon them how important it is that they understand that they can't understand how women feel about reproductive health, because they will never face being pregnant. I explain, for example, my frustration that a bunch of old white guys are pretty much deciding things about my body, and men often don't understand why that's a big deal to me.
It never occurred to me that circumcision is a fairly good parallel to this particular facet of the issue. (Perhaps because I don't often think about it, since I don't have the relevant genitalia- which is probably the same reason many men don't think much about abortion.)
tl;dr : this is an interesting thought. thank you for bringing it to my attention.
- April 24, 2010 at 1:25 PM
- Freddie said...
Hey, I'm sorry-- I was trying hard not to make that comparison in a gross or simplistic way. I was trying instead to draw a very specific and limited comparison. I understand that it probably seems just like I was trying to take a feminist issue and make it into yet another male concern, but that genuinely wasn't my intent.
- April 24, 2010 at 8:17 PM
Some women have been circumcised as children and they would understand both sides of the issue and some men have not only been circumcised but also had children aborted without their consent.Also I saw this and wanted to share
A major biomedical institute in the United States has agreed with foregen to perform a trial on human foreskin regeneration, with technology and materials that have already been FDA-approved and over which protective patents exist, and by a committed team of expert practising US surgeons, urologists and cosmetic surgeons. The trial will involve the participation of a trial group of 10-25 volunteer healthy adult participants resident in the United States, and will take place late in 2010.
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Timothy Francis OLeary, 32 disorderly conduct/gross intoxication
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Aaron Jaco Kendall, 33 disorderly conduct/gross intoxication
Keisha Latrice Jenkins, 33 shoplifting $1,000 to $5,000
Dorian Alexis Priester, 25 unlawful communication
Carol Delphine Brockington, 47 assault and battery third degree
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Leon Marquis Davis, 34 failure to pay child support three counts
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Terry Lee Gray, 45 no drivers license, open container commitment, driving under the influence refusal/blood/urine commitment, driving under suspension first commitment, urine/advertisement substitution or spiking to defeat drug or alcohol test first offense
Ryan Jamal Walker, 20 simple possession of marijuana
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Crystal Lynn Pelt, 40 resisting arrest, disorderly conduct/profanity
Marsha Ann Gardner, 48 shoplifting $1,000 or less
Angela Marie Montgomery, 26 simple possession of marijuana
Michael Hood Sineath, 59 driving under suspension first offense, failure to surrender suspended tag
James Howard Sampson, 28 shoplifting $2,000 or less bench warrant
Arvell Devon Nealy Jr., 31 shoplifting $1,000 or less first offense, shoplifting second offense
Christopher Rautio, 21 criminal domestic violence first offense
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Samantha Paige Jones, 17 disorderly conduct/gross intoxication, minor purchase/possession alcoholic liquors
Priscilla Hobbs, 47 shoplifting $2,000 or less
Darion Rashad Grant, 20 simple possession of marijuana, minor purchase/possession of beer/wine bench warrant
Marvin Scurry, 47 shoplifting $2,000 or less, open container of alcohol bench warrant
Chad Whitney Bearden, 41 driving under the influence, open container of beer/wine
Michael David Meyers, 39 shoplifting first offense
Lakeisha Shante Ware, 25 unlawful storage, transport of liquor, false information to police, possession and display of a drivers license, driving under the influence, contempt of magistrates court
Eugene Hightower, 64 shoplifting $1,000 or less
Michael Maurice Buford, 44 disorderly conduct/gross intoxication, failure to comply
Narciso Ariel Delgato Hernandez, 43 disorderly conduct/gross intoxication, hold for Immigration Customs Enforcement
Charles Shane Gorrell, 38 criminal domestic violence first offense
Rashad Jamal Wise, 34 stalking
Charlotte Crystal Sharpe, 42 shoplifting $1,000 to $5,000
Cody Edward Robbins, 22 driving under the influence, open container of beer/wine, simple possession of marijuana third offense or subsequent
Ethan Bryan Robinson, 23 possession of marijuana
Arnold Marchelle Tompkins, 58 driving under the influence first offense, Alcohol Beverage Control violation broken seal
Jermel Lamar Boyd, 30 trespassing after notice
Tahavian Monay Bussey, 27 shoplifting $1,000 or less
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Louis Wade Medina, 38 simple possession of marijuana, shoplifting $1,000 or less first offense
Chester David Rawl, 64 shoplifting second offense less than $2,000, shoplifting $1,000 or less first offense
Alfred Clifton Williams, 31 failure to stop for blue lights, driving under suspension more than third offense, violation of the noise ordinance
Joseph Quezada, 30 malicious injury to real property, assault and battery third degree
Diana Lynn Phelps, 46 assault and battery third degree
Devin Dale Payton, 26 driving under the influence
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You are here
At a glance: Nursing
"I didn't choose nursing at Ohio Northern; it chose me. Nursing school is an investment for any college student, but, at Ohio Northern, you are the investment for the future of nursing ... and you are most definitely treated and educated as such."
Bryan J. Homyak
Fairview Park, Ohio
Nursing Features:
Lab Assistance
ONU Male Nurses Prove They're "Tough" Enough, "Man" Enough to be Nurses
Nursing, as part of the health care profession, shares in the dynamic task of promoting optimal health, quality of life and support to people of all ages, ethnicities and backgrounds. Whether you desire employment in a hospital, long-term care facility, physician's office, home health, community health, specialty clinic or university, Ohio Northern University has the programs necessary for you to succeed. ONU prepares students for fulfilling careers in one of the nation's leading professions.
Visit the department's web site.
The Bachelor of Science Nursing Program at Ohio Northern University is seeking continuing accreditation from the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. A site visit from the Commission is scheduled for April 10-12, 2013.
If you have any comments regarding the program please submit them to:
Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education
One Dupont Circle, NW, Suite 530
Washington, DC 20036-1120
Distinctive features
ONU is accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE), Ohio Board of Nursing, Ohio Board of Regents, and the Higher Learning Commission
Direct acceptance into the nursing program
Nursing courses in the first year
10:1 student-to-instructor ratio during the nursing lab clinical experience
Older Adult Nursing course available
Ohio Northern's four-year academic program in nursing leads to a BSN in nursing degree. The nursing program specifically aims to:
- Prepare graduates for employment at the professional nursing level.
- Provide a base for the continuing development of the student as an individual, as a citizen and as a professional practitioner of nursing.
- Provide a foundation for graduate study in nursing.
The nursing program is housed in the Mathile Center for the Natural Sciences. Our facilities contain the Nursing Skills Lab, SIM man, Vital SIM man, patient mannequins and two six-bed hospital environments, each with a complete, dedicated equipment station.
Student organizations
National Student Nurses Association
Program outcomes
Graduates of the program will be able to:
- Integrate a personal philosophy for nursing practice, based on the dignity, worth and individuality of human beings.
- Assume responsibility and accountability for evaluating one's professional practice in relationship to accepted standards of nursing practice.
- Synthesize theoretical principles applicable to professional nursing practice.
- Utilize the nursing process to promote, restore and maintain adaptation in individuals, families, groups and communities throughout the lifecycle.
- Assume responsibility and accountability for providing competent and comprehensive health care.
- Collaborate and negotiate with patients/clients, the interdisciplinary health care team and the public to ensure the optimal health and welfare of patients/clients.
- Evaluate interpersonal communication and negotiation skills when communicating with patients, clients, families, groups and communities.
- Incorporate pertinent research findings in refining and enhancing one's nursing practice.
- Continue personal and professional career development.
Graduate schools
Case Western Reserve University, Otterbein College, The Ohio State University, The Universities of Toledo, Wright State University
Career opportunities
A Bachelor of Science in nursing is one of the most demanded health care degrees in the United States. The statistics are staggering for the immediate and future demand for RNs. National, state and regional needs create an opportunistic job market for the BSN-RN. Employment opportunities exist in multiple venues, including hospitals, long-term care facilities, physician's offices, home health, community health, specialty clinics and universities.
In the spotlight: Academic Excellence
- U.S. News & World Report ranks Ohio Northern No. 2 among more than 300 Midwest baccalaureate colleges in America's Best Colleges (2010).
- ONU's College of Engineering is ranked as one of the nation's top 50 undergraduate engineering schools in U.S. News & World Report, America's Best Colleges (2010).
- Listed in Princeton Review's The Best 371 Colleges 2010 Edition.
- One of the top 200 programs in the nation for creative students in Creative Colleges: A Guide for Student Actors, Artists, Dancers, Musicians and Writers.
- Among the top 100 private four-year colleges and small universities in Peterson's Competitive College Guide (2010).
- Named in Colleges of Distinction (2010), a guide profiling America's most distinguished teaching-centered colleges and universities.


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SPARTANBURG, S.C. --- University of Tennessee at Chattanooga sophomore Teghan Henderson (Pickering, Ontario) and senior Lucas Cotter (Collierville, Tenn.) were selected the Runners of the Week by the Southern Conference coaches the league office announced Wednesday.
Henderson outran her nearest competitor by more than 25 seconds Friday evening at the Mocs' season-opening PowerAde Invitational. She ran the 2-mile course in 10:58.10, placing her time among the Top Five at Moccasin Bend. Henderson took the lead from the gun and was never challenged as she led the women's team to the win.
Cotter posted his best time ever at Moccasin Bend, his home course, with a time of 15:35, more than eight seconds better than MTSU's All-American Eliud Rutto who placed second. He led the Mocs to a top place finish, edging the Blue Raiders by four points. Cotter, a two-time all-conference selection returns to the course this year after a limited campaign last season due to injury.
The Mocs return to action Friday, Sept. 20 at the Georgia State Invitational at the Nash Farm Battlefield Park in Hampton, Ga.


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CAMC General Hospital is home to the highest level Trauma Center, nationally-accredited Medical Rehabilitation and Stroke Centers, The Center for Joint Replacement, Neurosciences Center, one of two Facial Surgery Centers, Charleston's only accredited Sleep Center and West Virginia's only kidney transplant program, affiliated with the Cleveland Clinic. General Hospital also offers services such as urology, behavioral medicine and psychiatry, physical and occupational therapies, and orthopedics.
Each year, our experienced Trauma Center staff cares for approximately 3,100 patients. An average of 1,500 patients also receive neurosurgery and medical rehabilitation services here.
Our address is 501 Morris Street, Charleston, WV 25301.


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Support Our Mission
You can directly support our core mission of strengthening the humanity and dignity of people in crisis through knowledge and practice.Learn More
The Feinstein International Center's research – on the politics and policy of aiding the vulnerable, on protection and rights in crisis situations, and on the restoration of lives and livelihoods – feeds into both its teaching and its long-term partnerships with humanitarian and human rights agencies.
Recent News View All
May 2015Dan Maxwell, Rachel Gordon and SLRC colleagues release new Working Paper on South Sudan
Dr. Dan Maxwell, Rachel Gordon and their colleagues on the Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium (SLRC) project have just released a new working paper on questions and challenges raised by a…Read More
May 2015Humanitarian Evidence Program launches Call for Proposals
Oxfam GB and the Feinstein International Center are pleased to launch a call for proposals for evidence syntheses in the humanitarian field. This Call for Proposals is soliciting applications to conduct evidence…Read More


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Holiday Stars Project 2009
Final Recap of the 2009 Holiday Stars Project
Holiday Stars Project logo
The Holiday Stars Project for 2009 finished December 3, as Chancellor Ringeisen once again thanked and congratulated the UIS community for their efforts to eliminate hunger here in Springfield. You can read more and watch a video about the final celebration here.
Breakdown of Donations
Final collection amount: 6209 lbs!
This is 1897 pounds more than last year's collection, an increase of 44%.
Campus collection points
The top five campus collection points were:
- Business Services Building – 169 lbs
- Student Life Building – 162 lbs
- Office of the Chancellor – 144 lbs
- Student Affairs Building – 129 lbs
- Office of Development – 117 lbs
Total amount collected on campus: 1759 lbs
Total collected during the Trick-or-Eat competition: 4450 lbs
This truly was a total community effort; hundreds of students, faculty, and staff gave their time, effort, and resources to make this second year of the project even more successful than the first one. The Holiday Stars committee extends a sincere thank you to all who helped turn the University of Illinois Springfield into a positive force for good.
It shouldn't stop here…
Though we often pay more attention to it during the holidays, hunger is a problem that is with us year round. If you'd like more information on hunger in Illinois and how you can help people in need, please go to http://www.feedingillinois.org/ or download the CNCS Anti-Hunger Toolkit (.pdf file).
The Volunteer & Civic Engagement Center is here to help. If you've got an idea or a plan to take action in the Springfield community, please contact us at email@example.com.
Results from the 2009 "Trick or Eat" Competition:
What a night! The Holiday Stars Project got off on the right foot this year. On Halloween night, fourteen student groups from UIS collected 4450.1 pounds of food, smashing last year's total. The top three teams were:
- Alternative Spring Break – 610.1 pounds
- AmeriCorps M3C – 475.8 pounds
- International Student Association – 464.4 pounds
The Volunteer Center would like to thank all the groups for their time and effort. Well done! Many, many people will benefit from your generosity.
Trick or Eat Pie Graph
Remember, this is just the beginning of great things to come! Continue to check back during the month of November for further updates on this year's project.
What is the Holiday Stars Project?
In 2008, a campus-wide committee met to create a tradition, one that would bring focus to what the University of Illinois Springfield could do to strengthen our community during the holiday season. The committee eventually developed the Holiday Stars Project, a month-long food drive for the Central Illinois Foodbank.
Look for Holiday Stars collection bins all around campus, every year during the month of November. You can download a Holiday Stars promotional flier here. See below for the list of preferred donations.
Preferred donations:
- Cereal
- Rice
- Pasta and Canned Pasta Sauce
- Soups, Stews, and Chili
- Macaroni and Cheese
- Canned Fruits and Vegetables
- Diapers
Please do not donate:
- Food in glass containers
- Unlabeled products
- Homemade items
- Open or used items
Be sure to check back here throughout November to see updates on the collection!
You can read about the first Holiday Stars Project below.
Students load food First ever UIS Holiday Stars Project:
Making a difference in people's lives
- September: The new project was announced. We set an initial goal to collect 2008 pounds of food. The Central Illinois Foodbank was chosen to benefit from the project.
- October: The Volunteer & Civic Engagement Center sponsored the first Trick-or-Treat for Canned Goods competition at UIS. On Halloween night, student-led teams canvassed the neighborhoods of Springfield to see who could trick-or-treat for the most canned goods. Door-hangers were distributed to residents before Halloween to inform them of the project.
The students raised a massive amount of food from this event, already exceeding our initial goal! The committee set a new goal of 4,016 pounds, double the original target.
See "Trick-or-Treat for Canned Goods" highlights
- November: This month was the heart of our efforts, as the campus-wide campaign started to hit its stride. Students, faculty, and staff filled up the Students participate specially marked Holiday Stars Project bins with donated food items. The bins were located throughout many campus departments. Competition was sometimes fierce!
The Volunteer & Civic Engagement Center also conducted a "Hunger Study" in November in cooperation with the Central Illinois Foodbank. This study was part of a broader, national survey on food insecurity in the United States.
December: The final Holiday Stars Project event was held December 4 in the Public Affairs Center. The UIS community eventually donated over 4,500 pounds of canned and nonperishable fruits, vegetables, soups, dinners, pasta, peanut butter and other food items. All proceeds benefited the Central Illinois Foodbank. We loaded up all donations onto a Foodbank truck and celebrated the holiday spirit of giving!
See photos from the 2008 wrap-up event here.


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HOUSTON (AP) - The Houston Grand Opera plans to present the futuristic Fura dels Baus productions of Wagner's four Ring Cycle operas over four consecutive seasons.
The performances will start with "Das Rheingold (The Rhinegold)" in 2013-14.
Sixty-seven-year-old Mezzo-soprano Frederica von Stade will come out of retirement for the world premiere of Ricky Ian Gordon's "A Coffin in Egypt." The work based on the play of the same name by Horton Foote will open March 14, 2014, in a co-production with the Opera Company of Philadelphia.
The 2013-14 season announced Wednesday also includes the North American premiere of Mieczyslaw Weinberg's "The Passenger" on Jan. 18, 2014. The opera is based on a novel about a former SS officer on a cruise ship who thinks she recognizes a former Auschwitz prisoner.
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Section hierarchy and page layout issues
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General User
Joined: 31 Aug 2006
Posts: 5
Location: Estonia
Posted: Thu Aug 31, 2006 5:56 am
Post subject: Section hierarchy and page layout issues
I am strugling with OO 2.0.3. Writer.
I create a document template, and add for the first page some default sections. Now I try to construct the layout of the rest of the document. So far I've been unable to insert new section for the next page. I mean I find no way after page break to start a new page layout and a new section. Very frustrating. Easy in Word, super-easy in InDesign. Possible even in Kword.. But not here. What am I doing wrong?
I can add new section, but it will be inserted in hierarchy under the first page section.
And I assume, that due to that I am unable to set page layout. If I am on in the new section on the second page and use 2fill format mode" to set the page into style "second page" (custom), it also applies to the first page. The Writer recognizes the second page layout as "default" and default only. Problem is that I need to add in the end of the document another page with different layout (copyright page), but I am unable to do so, as the layout's do not "stick".
Any suggestions?
BTW: the 2.0.3. under windows is BY FAR the buggiest software I've ever used, and I AM A BETA TESTER.
Thanks for any help
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Joined: 13 Aug 2004
Posts: 4295
Location: ~ 40°N,75°W
Posted: Thu Aug 31, 2006 7:42 am
Post subject:
It's hard to follow exactly what you're trying to do, but it sounds like you're going overboard with sections. You don't need sections to get a different page format. You just apply a different page style to the pages as needed.
As you sound like an experienced user, I strongly suggest you read over the
Writer User Guide
, as OOo does advanced things in different (often bafflingly different) ways than other software. Sections are one such topic.
Also, as an experienced beta tester, you must know how important it is to report (clearly!) the bugs you find:
QA: HowTo Help
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Super User
Joined: 07 Jan 2006
Posts: 2703
Posted: Thu Aug 31, 2006 7:53 am
Post subject:
If you want the second page to have a different style than the first page, you have to specify the second page style on the Insert Style dialog when you insert the manual page break between the first and second page.
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Joined: 07 Mar 2003
Posts: 9183
Location: Lexinton, Kentucky, USA
Posted: Thu Aug 31, 2006 8:09 am
Post subject:
Put another way instead of thinking Word's Sections think OOo's Page Styles. To start a new page style do Insert > Manual Break > Page Break and select the next style or, in an existing document, put the cursor in the first paragraph of a page and do Format > Paragraph > Text Flow tab. In the Breaks section check both boxes and select the new style for the current page.
Another way to control page styles is found in the Stylist (F11) > Page Style icon > right click a style > Modify > Organizer tab > Next Style. OOo's default First Page style is set here to be followed by the Default style. The Default style is followed by itself until you change the style per the first paragraph above.
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General User
Joined: 31 Aug 2006
Posts: 5
Location: Estonia
Posted: Thu Aug 31, 2006 2:39 pm
Post subject: Thank you :)
I thank all, who answered. In a way, I did find a solution on my own, by the way of "not giving up"
I was trying to convert a template from InDesign into OOWriter, so that all our Linux and Windows users could use the same template for fast doc. generating...
I managed to finally generate the template. One thing that I was left missing, was the possibility to lock the section length - so that it would not move to another page. I can lock the content editing, but for first page content, I need just length limit.
Why I used so many sections? As I had two possibilities: (1) either to try to use tables with invisible borders for template text (logos, addresses etc.) or (2) try to put the items in their places by separate sections... In my mind it is a bit bad that user can hop from one section to another while editing the doc., but I understand that sections are a bit different from what I would like them to be.
Still, et OOWriter is the best solution for my purpose right now (and has been since 1.1), so I rather try to overcome or bypass the "problems" than find another way...
Concerning the bugs and crashes - I haven't really found a way to automate the error reporting. So far the program has just crashed and offered the recovery (which works splendidly). The crashes have occured usually while tweaking the section and page style options. If I find an error, I can reproduce, I will report it, no doubt
The thing that got me frustrated was:
1) I started new document
2) Added to it first page
3) To first page I added three sections called header, title, body.
4) I also added first page footer.
5) Now I tried to move on to the next page "type" - text page. And the problem was that whenever and however I tried to create a new section to hold the text page contents, it was added as a sub-section under one of the first page sections. Thus meaning, when I tried to change the page style, it was applied to first page as well, as the section was a part of first page..
I know, it is a bit hard to see the problem, but I finally overcame it, using the browser (F5). I copied some sections and relocated contents and achieved, what I was aiming for.
So all-in-all, I look forward to possible features as locking the length of a section.
Oh, I remembered - the "total page" link insertion does not work. It is possible to insert it either from Fields->Page count (not working) or from Fields->Other->Document->Statistics->Pages.
One more thing - is there a field Author somewhere in the documents properties? For auto-inserting into template it would be very convenient.
And last thing - when I date into the document/template and reload the file, the date format has changed.. What is that about?
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Joined: 09 Mar 2004
Posts: 3655
Location: Columbus, Ohio, USA
Posted: Thu Aug 31, 2006 3:19 pm
Post subject:
Wow, there is a lot there!
Are you looking for Insert | Fields | Author?
Andrew Pitonyak
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General User
Joined: 31 Aug 2006
Posts: 5
Location: Estonia
Posted: Fri Sep 01, 2006 12:55 am
Post subject: Author
I know, where from to insert it (as You kindly pointed out), but where in the menu system do I find a place to define one?
Impossible just takes a little longer..
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Super User
Joined: 07 Jan 2006
Posts: 2703
Posted: Fri Sep 01, 2006 3:30 am
Post subject: Re: Author
bitman wrote:
I know, where from to insert it (as You kindly pointed out), but where in the menu system do I find a place to define one?
Tools > Options > OpenOffice.org > User Data
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General User
Joined: 31 Aug 2006
Posts: 5
Location: Estonia
Posted: Fri Sep 01, 2006 4:10 am
Post subject: :)
Impossible just takes a little longer..
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Joined: 07 Mar 2003
Posts: 9183
Location: Lexinton, Kentucky, USA
Posted: Fri Sep 01, 2006 6:02 am
Post subject:
You can also create and define document specific variables at Insert > Fields > Other (or Ctrl+F2) > Variable tab - User Field on left, Type on right.
Lots of good stuff in the complete Fields dialog.
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Joined: 14 Sep 2008
Posts: 3
Posted: Sun Sep 14, 2008 12:33 pm
Post subject: Alt+Enter ...
... is the magic key. After fighting one hour with sections, I have found in the help how to insert a new section
not in
the section you are. A the end of the last line of your section, hit Alt+Enter, it will insert a new paragraph without any attached section. You're then free to create new ones.
Another hacky solution that I have tried before. Change the extension of you odt in zip. Open the archive and edit content.xml. Add a new couple of <p:text> tags at the end. Quite vicious but great proof of the power of opne formats.
It seems there's no mean to easily move section in the document (with drag and drop in the browser for instance).
Hope it helps.
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Super User
Joined: 07 Jan 2006
Posts: 2703
Posted: Mon Sep 15, 2008 12:04 pm
Post subject: Re: Alt+Enter ...
PomCompot wrote:
It seems there's no mean to easily move section in the document (with drag and drop in the browser for instance).
You can drag and drop a copy of the section from the Navigator then delete the original section.
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Joined: 14 Sep 2008
Posts: 3
Posted: Mon Sep 15, 2008 11:56 pm
Post subject: I can't achieve to do this
Despite I hardly try to drag a section, it seems it's impossible to drop it or to drop a copy of it in the browser. Could you explain further the way to do this ?
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Super User
Joined: 07 Jan 2006
Posts: 2703
Posted: Tue Sep 16, 2008 6:18 am
Post subject:
You can't drag sections within the Navigator. That would rearrange the order of the sections, but wouldn't put them in the proper place in the document. To copy a section to a new place in the document, you have to drag the section from the Navigator to the document.
Press F5 to open the Navigator.
Right-click the section in the Navigator and select Drag Mode > Insert as copy.
Drag the section from the Navigator window to the document.
Right-click the original section in the Navigator and select Edit.
On the Edit Sections dialog, select Remove.
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Joined: 14 Sep 2008
Posts: 3
Posted: Wed Sep 17, 2008 11:29 am
Post subject: Great
Thanks for the tip, it works perfectly. Anyway, it would be better if you could move section in the browser : it's just an xml tree with xml nodes switch, nothing really difficult. Perhaps I will ask for this improvment.
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