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McFarland Named Hilbert College Student-Athlete of the Month
- Release Date:
- February 6, 2012
- Contact:
- The Office of Sports Information
- (716) 649-7900 ext. 333
HAMBURG, NY - Dan McFarland (Lancaster, NY/St. Mary's) has been named as January 2012 Student-Athlete of the Month.
McFarland averaged 31.4 minutes per game during the 9 game-stretch in January where the Hawks went 7-2. McFarland had a memorable month in which, on January 25, he scored his 1,000 point against Penn State Behrend.
The junior guard led the Hawks in almost every category averaging 20.4 points per game, 5.1 rebounds per game, 4.1 assists per game, 2.6 steals per game while shooting an impressive 53.5 field goal and 85.4 free throw percentages.
McFarland had two monster games hitting twenty-nine plus points (Mount Aloysius and Pitt-Greensburg). The southpaw scored 184 points, grabbed 46 rebounds, passed for 37 assists, swiped 18 steals. He was the leading scorer, leader in field goal percentage (minimum of 15 attempts), leader in free throw percentage, and leader in assists and steals.
In his thirty-minute performance against Greensburg (1/28), McFarland netted 31 points after making 14 of his 19 shot attempts and going 3 for 3 from the charity stripe. Needing 15 points to break 1,000 points, McFarland scored 19 and distributed 6 assists in the overtime loss to Penn State Behrend (69-66).
McFarland is majoring in criminal justice and carries a cumulative 3.16 GPA.
Hilbert College, located in suburban Hamburg, N.Y., south of Buffalo, is a private four-year college founded in 1957 in the Catholic Franciscan tradition. With nearly 1,100 students, Hilbert is a dynamic Western New York college that offers career-focused majors, including one of the top criminal justice programs in the region, and more than 50 minors and concentrations. The college's engaging, student-centered campus community offers numerous leadership, internship, and service learning opportunities from which students launch successful careers while making positive changes in their communities. The Hilbert Blueprint promotes a well-rounded student experience over four years – starting with the Foundations Seminar in the freshman year, followed by Sophomore Service, Junior Symposium, and culminating with the Senior Capstone. Hilbert has expanded its academic offerings with the college's first graduate programs and new Accelerated Degree Programs geared to adult learners.
Upcoming Events
- First Year Student Orientation
- Aug 14, 2015
- Summer Session A2 Ends
- Aug 21, 2015
- First Year Student Orientation
- Aug 28, 2015


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This 7 Stone Austrian Crystal Butterfly Engravable Birthstone Pendant is made up of Butterflies that have small Austrian crystals. You can Customize this 7 Stone Austrian Crystal Butterfly Engravable Birthstone Pendant with your own seven birthstones and also engrave your name, or a special meaning on the heart. This Austrian Crystal Butterfly Engravable Birthstone Pendant is unique and can be worn with anything. This Butterfly Engravable Birthstone Pendant comes on a rolo chain of 16,18, or 20 inches.
Eve's Addiction.com wants you to be a happy customer. We want you to be completely satisfied with the sterling silver jewelry that you receive from us, as we only sell high quality silver and cubic zirconia cz jewelry. We do understand that you may not like your purchase for some reason.
You may return or exchange your jewelry within 60 days of purchase if you are not satisfied with it. The jewelry must be returned in its original condition for a refund or exchange. Engraved, personalized, photo, monogram, name and initial, chocolate and clearance items are not returnable or exchangeable.

subset: commoncrawl


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I am sad to report the news of a death of a mother, January 1, 2004, Katherine, in her mid 30s, in Pennsylvania. Her baby survived and is going home Friday from the hospital. I will post more details when I hear. Katherine was Hungarian and had been trying to conceive for sometime. She and her husband were both professors and I believe she taught Physical Education and was apparently very fit and very well educated.
Anne Garrett
Executive Director
Preeclampsia Foundation


text:
Seattle Section Meeting
Date/Time: Thursday, January 24, 2013, 11:30-1:30 pm
Topic: Wind Energy in the Pacific Northwest
Speaker: Meagan Santos, Sales & Market Manager for Wind, HYDAC USA
Note: Meeting open to SAE, ASME, STS, Engineering Students, Maintenance Personnel
Fee: $20.00 (Pay to Section Secretary, includes lunch)
Location: IHOP Restaurant, 1433 NW Sammamish Rd, Issaquah, WA 98027
Directions: Exit 15 (WA-900 W/Renton) off I-90, GO NORTH ON 17TH AVE NW TO NW SAMMAMISH RD, TURN LEFT (WEST), AND FIND IHOP IS ON THE LEFT A FEW YARDS AHEAD.
Please contact us by Tuesday, January 22 to assure your place.
Marc Graff: 425.497.5017 firstname.lastname@example.com
Ray Roeder: 509.771.1886 email@example.com
For more information, contact the section leaders.


text:
The Sprayracha is a thing. A thing that actually works. Holy schnikes.
Meme of the Day: Prince Charles Being Attacked by Things
Wake Up Call of the Day: This High Voltage Ejector Bed Will ...
Poly Bridge Proves That Most of Us Shouldn't Be Civil Engineers
The Greatest GIFs of the Week
This is a Parent
If You Got It, Flaunt It, Robin
Emergency of the Day: Man Calls Police Because a Cat Ate ...
Schwarzenegger of the Day: Arnold Has a Message for Lion ...
These Grandparents Are More Savvy Than You Think
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Main Content
You should never have to tone down your team spirit. You can represent FAMU regardless of the occasion in the Check woven button-down shirt. Featuring an embroidered team logo on the left chest pocket and an allover check pattern, this long sleeve shirt is a perfect way to display your Rattlers pride when it's time to turn up the class. Wear this shirt to your next event to ensure that FAMU is a topic of conversation!
- 100% Cotton fabric
- Button-down collar
- Imported
- Left chest pocket
- Officially licensed collegiate product
- Quality embroidery
- Two buttons at cuffs
Rattlers Customers also liked:
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Quick Links
Shop All Jewelry
BR10471 In Stock
Perfect for the fashionable man, this men's stainless steel Bali style link bracelet is a unique and masculine bracelet for any guy. Made of durable stainless steel, this Bali bracelet has a flat interlocking link design, with lobster claw clasp, creating an intricate piece of circles and lines. The bracelet itself weighs almost 1.5 ounces and is 9 inches in length and only 3/4 inch wide, making it a durable bracelet for the man that likes to show off his style. Pair it with the matching Bali style link necklace!
Eve's Addiction.com wants you to be a happy customer. We want you to be completely satisfied with the sterling silver jewelry that you receive from us, as we only sell high quality silver and cubic zirconia cz jewelry. We do understand that you may not like your purchase for some reason.
You may return or exchange your jewelry within 60 days of purchase if you are not satisfied with it. The jewelry must be returned in its original condition for a refund or exchange. Engraved, personalized, photo, monogram, name and initial, chocolate and clearance items are not returnable or exchangeable.


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Wednesday, March 26, 2014
May 18, 1996 was a life-changing day for Summervilles Fred Gutierrez. The then-40-year-old U.S. Naval officer took a .38-caliber pistol and shot himself in the head, an attempted suicide. He calls his survival nothing less than a miracle.
God was there to intervene, he said. Theres really no other explanation.
The shot left a golf ball-sized hole in Gutierrezs head and caused paralyzation on his left side, but he survived.
By May 25, 1996, Gutierrezs doctor said he would never walk again. Three months later he was doing that, too.
Gutierrez said at first he could only walk three steps, then 15 feet, then down the hallway of the hospital, then a mile on the treadmill.
Five and a half years ago, Summervilles Rich OBrien was in a devastating accident that broke his neck and back. Shortly after returning home he decided to go to church for the first time in a long time. Still bruised and bandaged from his accident, OBrien walked in Summerbook Community Church. The first person he met was Gutierrez.
The two immediately became friends, and through their friendship each man helped the other recover.
My recovery took three and a half years. As I improved, Fred told me I inspired him, OBrien said.
For 16 years, Gutierrez lived with intense, constant pain, what he rates a 9 on the pain scale. After God came to him in a dream, he said, he began getting Botox injections, which helped calm his muscle spasms. The pain reduced to a level five.
After listening to a recommendation from OBrien, Gutierrez started receiving acupuncture one year ago. Not only did the pain diminish again, to a level 3, but he has also, amazingly, regained mobility.
Originally unable to move his left leg more than an inch off the ground, Gutierrez can now lift his foot to his knee. Similarly, before acupuncture he was barely able to move his left arm. Now the left hemiplegic proudly waves the arm over his head.
Gutierrez said the combined treatment of Botox and acupuncture has set the former pain medication addict free from his addiction.
The two claim their friend-mentor relationship has helped save their lives. Acupuncture is just one example, though.
While working on continuing his recovery, and with a bit of encouragement from OBrien, Gutierrez began playing golf with his friend once a week. He set a new goal quickly: to walk 36 holes of golf.
On March 5, 2013, Gutierrez accomplished his goal.
And on the events one-year anniversary, the mayor and the Town of Summerville honored Gutierrez for his positive attitude and unwavering determination to overcome his disability. Mayor Bill Collins presented him with a resolution honoring his accomplishments.
OBrien said Mayor Collins approached him about honoring Gutierrez after hearing his story, and OBrien suggested March 5 as the day to award him the resolution.
Freds indomitable spirit and smile are infectious, he said. Its a story that needs to be told.
And the men have set out to tell their stories of their accidents, their recoveries and their friendship. Gutierrez and OBrien have co-authored a book, tentatively called Better Days Are Ahead, to help support others in similar situations.
I just want to help people who are disabled. You dont have to wait for help. It was years before I even heard of Botox, Gutierrez said. You dont have to feel like youre useless. You have worth.
They are working with local editors to get the book published.
But meeting his golfing goal and writing a book isnt enough for the hemiplegic. Next up, he is going to learn how to play the guitar again.
The Journal Scene is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not The Journal Scene.
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Discover a selection of top forums sultans high on the internet. Come to share your passion on forums sultans high and meet other fans of sultans high. Then, why don't you create your own forum of sultans high ?
Discussions about high school basketball in The Greater Toronto Area.
hooptowngta, toronto, #high, school, basketball
In a high tech, reborn world, dragons and humans exist in harmony, with all the other living creatures. But will this harmony stay for long? Join us, for only you can decide the fate of our world!
born, darkness, hate, these, foundation, being, join, help, heal, wounds, google, bing, yahoo!, dmoz, anime, dragons, fantasy, griffons, phoenixes, fandom
An Aces High Combat Squadron
The Online Stage is a community of performers dedicated to the presentation and recording of high quality dramatic productions in audio format.
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We are a crime and current events blogging site about high profile murder cases, missing kids and adults. Our members only section contains sports news, celebrity news, humor and much more.
jodi, arias, travis, alexander, bill, cosby, holly, bobo, allana, gallagher, sharman, odom, olivia, culbreath, maggie, daniels, sanel, saint, simon, alexandria, chery, april, millsap, melinda, munoz, grace
Training Solutions International is a company dedicated to providing high quality training services, focusing on areas like survival, emergencies, and self defense,
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Forum for Stalker Cars. High performing sports car used on street and track. They can be assembled or turnkey. Building and user information
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A beachside tribe comprised of sea elves and wolf blooded elves coexists peacefully enough, but have yet to have a true meeting of head and heart.
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The human race died out, a virus killed most of the wolves prey as only 3 pack stood strong. Prey is low tension is high and a huge battle is brewing, who will live?
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Got the indigo attitude? Discuss what's on your mind here.
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free forum : Us froum is an online community connects the partnership of Um Kalthoom Intermediate Girls' school in Kingdom of Bahrain with Park-High school in the United Kingdom


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Downloading 3M Cloud Library eBooks for NOOK
February 17 , 2013
These instructions are for the E Ink models of NOOK: Nook 3G, Nook WiFi,... More
February 17 , 2013
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December 28 , 2012
Did you get a new device for Christmas? Or thinking about buying one with... More
December 28 , 2012
Barnes & Noble's 7-inch Nook HD+ is made for crystal-clear reading. It... More
December 27 , 2012
As the tablet tidal wave continues its deluge over the reading landscape,... More
December 27 , 2012
Richland Library customers with Macs received a gift this season in the... More
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All Richland Library ebooks work on the Nook! Over 10,000 library ebooks... More
November 28 , 2012
Barnes and Noble Nook eBooks can be downloaded from OverDrive to a... More
November 15 , 2012
Download fiction and nonfiction titles for adults, teens and children... More


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Wednesday, April 30, 2014
It was a spot in the middle of Goose Creek that was an unincorporated eyesore for a decade.
Now its shaping into a storage facility and office area that should accommodate a number of needs in the area while giving the former Food Lion a much-needed facelift.
The process of changing the St. James Avenue shopping center has been in the works for seven years. In August the property was annexed from Berkeley County into Goose Creek city limits.
By December work had begun to turn into a storage facility. Universal Storage Solutions is expected to open sometime in the next few days and weeks.
There will be a community appreciation grand opening on May 10 with a car show, jump castle, popcorn, cotton candy and snow cones.
Universal Storage will be home to boat and RV storage along with 300 storage units, some small offices for upstart businesses and heated and cooled units.
On a recent day Management Blueprints President Jay Wallace was found roping small trees onto wooden stakes that were knocked down during a weekend storm.
The area along Bridgetown Road is now landscaped with budding green trees, shrubs and fresh pine straw.
Were predominately going to serve the Crowfield area, Wallace said. Weve got small offices for rent.
So far the exterior has been repainted. Several interior storage units and offices are near completion. The interior of the 55,000 square-foot structure is naturally cool even on a warm afternoon due to its size.
Wallace said he is the contractor on this project and has been working with owner Albert Heyward for 30 years. Wallace was born in Charleston and has lived in the area his entire life.
We had to fully re-do the perimeter façade, Wallace said. We repainted the back. Were having to line the property with a high-end aluminum picket fence.
This place was a blight to the community. We do a lot of rehab. When we find a place like this that needs some TLC we step in.
Vandals broke into the building when it was vacant. Wallace said he believes all the copper was stolen by someone tying pipes to a four-wheeler and driving off with them.
They hooked up all the wiring and took off . . . There was more graffiti than you could shake a stick at, he said.
Some of the graffiti was on the brick exterior and the city had painted over it. To remove this Wallace used a method called sandblasting.
This method uses fine sand, water and a pressure washer to remove paint and graffiti. Now there are only tiny traces of paint in some of the front brick crevices.
There will be a gate around the perimeter of the property and a gate at the front of the building.
The whole property is locked down 24/7, he said. There are two loading bays and covered boat and RV parking.
The small offices will have wireless internet, mail service, a scanner and a coffee/break area. There will also be U-Haul rentals available.
The Gazette is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not The Gazette.
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Our Strength Reversible Sports Bra is perfect for the gentle workout of yoga. This bra features adjustable straps, a wide elastic bottom band, and two layers of organic cotton for maximum comfort. This black sports bra reverses to cherry.
Wearing shades of red (base/root) - Courage and action. Encourages self-confidence, passion, drive, self-awareness, groundedness, joy, and trust. Red is the color of life force.
|92% organic cotton / 8% spandex


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The loveable black and white puppy searches high and low for his bone in this irresistible story that's loaded with fun activities. A tethered bone tucks into pockets and under flaps throughout the book and with hidden noise makers that make for a stimulating story.
Dimensions: 7" x 7"
Age: 6-36 months


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Friday, August 30, 2013
Team Chase had 31 children participate in the YMCA Youth Triathlon on Aug. 17 at The Ponds in Summerville. They raised more than $11,000 for Chase After a Cure, which will give the money to the research laboratory at the Medical University of South Carolina for the purchase of imaging plates. The research laboratory, housed in the Darby Children's Research Institute, is the only laboratory in the state of South Carolina dedicated to pediatric cancer research.
The Journal Scene is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not The Journal Scene.
If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click "report abuse" and we will review it for possible removal. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.
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The University of Kentucky
Albert B. Chandler Hospital, in conjunction with the Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, offers a post baccalaureate Dietetic Internship designed to
meet the competencies for entry level dietetics practice and to prepare
students for the Registration Examination for Dietitians. The internship has a Clinical Nutrition
concentration and is housed within the Nutrition Services department of UK
program has been continuously accredited since it began in 1969. Our graduates
have compiled a 97 percent first time pass rate in the last five years, and a 97
percent first time pass rate since the beginning of the program.
internship is a full-time, 10-month program that starts in August. It provides approximately 1250 hours of
supervised practice. Supervised practice
experiences are planned to provide a progression from the first week general
orientation and direct supervision to working independently with little
supervision based on a program of timely and routine feedback on
performance. The program is fast-paced
and rigorous requiring additional time outside of scheduled work hours to
complete projects, homework, etc. Additionally,
this internship requires strong time management and organizational skills,
excellent study skills, and a high level of commitment to the education
The program
accepts six interns each year during the Spring match.
University of Kentucky Hospital Dietetic Internship program provides dietetic interns
with a generalist education in hospital dietetics with an emphasis in clinical
nutrition. Didactic and supervised
practices experiences are integrated in the provision of patient care in the
areas of clinical nutrition, food service administration, and community
nutrition. Dedication to excellence in
patient care is of the utmost concern and the education components of the
internship program are integrated into the operation of the Nutrition
department at both UKH and the VA. Guidelines for ethical practice are provided through class discussions
and exposure to positive role models in the facilities, rural hospitals and
community agencies, and professional organizations. Interns are guided in developing organizational,
time management and analytical thinking, and decision-making skills with an
individual plan for life-long commitment to excellence and
self-development. Upon completion of the
program, the intern is able to function as a competent, entry-level
practitioner and is eligible to take the registration exam to become a
Registered Dietitian.
Goal 1: This program will
prepare competent entry-level practitioners with a concentration in clinical
nutrition who meet the performance standards in areas of clinical nutrition,
management, and community nutrition.
Goal 2: This program will
prepare the graduates for their professional goals of having employment in the
dietetics profession or being enrolled in continuing education in graduate
*Bold = ACEND Required Objectives
Program outcomes are available upon request.
University of Kentucky Hospital's Dietetic Internship Program is accredited by
the Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics (ACEND) of
the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 120 South Riverside Plaza, Suite 2000,
Chicago, IL 60606-6995, 312-899-0040 ext 5400, http://www.eatright.org/ACEND.
Q: How many applications do we receive?
A: We receive an average of 71 applications for the 6 intern positions.
Q: What do we look for in an application (applicant)?
A: We look for very good GPA and great work/volunteer experience. We honestly don't care if the applicant got paid for the experience (work) or not (volunteer), as we emphasize the learning from the experience. Letters of recommendation are very helpful. The individual letter from the applicant is very important. The letter should tell us about the person, not just list courses or accomplishments that we can find elsewhere in the application. It is the time to tell us why they think our program is a good match for their goals and a time to address any "hiccups" in the application. "Hiccups" might be sitting out a semester or having a poor GPA semester due to family illness or something like that. The interview is always a great time to make a good impression!
Q: Do we conduct interviews?
A: We interview applicants that meet our criteria for admission via Skype. The interview can reinforce those candidates that might be "top picks" or might need to match another internship.
Q: What are some of the unique features of the program?
A: The interns have 1:1 time with their preceptors on all rotations. We always try to allow the interns to observe procedures (EGD or heart cath for instance) as often as we can. This internship is also with the VA so we have unique rotations at both facilities. The VA has an excellent follow up system with clinics and telemedicine for instance, while at UK we have a three-week rotation for Pediatrics.
Q: Can interns have a job during the internship?
A: No, outside employment is not allowed during the internship. We do not charge tuition and we offer a stipend of about $5,300 so that should be helpful with expenses.
Q: Is there any scheduled time off during the internship?
A: There is one week scheduled for vacation during the Christmas season.
Q: Are interns responsible for their own living arrangements?
A: Yes, interns make their own arrangements for living facilities. They will be on a list serve with other members of their intern class and can arrange to live with another student if they wish. They can contact the Lexington Chamber of Commerce for specific information about apartment complexes.
Q: What is a typical day during the internship?
A: You will be working the same work schedules as your preceptor. Typically a day with the preceptor is 8 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. Some preceptors work earlier shifts but the day with the preceptor is generally eight hours. You will be doing patient care with the preceptor and doing patient nutrition assessments, follow-up notes and education sessions. After your day at the hospital you will have between three and four hours of homework and projects each evening. This is definitely not an 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. internship.
Q: How much autonomy will I have with my preceptor?
A: The preceptors are by your side during the first month or two, depending on your needs. As the internship progresses and your confidence, knowledge and abilities increase, so does your autonomy. The final three weeks of the internship is Staff Relief where you will actually take over patient assignments for the preceptors.
Q: Your website talked about going out of town for the community rotation. Can you tell me about that?
A: The Community rotation is usually the final four weeks of the internship. Since UK and VA are high level acuity trauma centers, we lack the ability to show the interns what small hospitals, county health departments, WIC clinics, etc do on a daily basis. During Community you live in a more rural environment within the community to get a community "feel." Housing is provided for the interns during this month long rotation. You will go with county RDs to things such as diabetes cooking classes, school lunch programs, retirement facilities, WIC experiences and all other teaching opportunities. This is a unique opportunity for the interns and is often their favorite month of the internship.
Whitney Sanders, MHA, RD, LD Manager, Nutrition Service Director, Dietetic Internship UK Albert B. Chandler Hospital 800 Rose St., HP 507 Lexington KY 40536-0293 Phone: 859-323-5154 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Wednesday, April 16, 2014
Jeff Cole, an instructor at the Japan Karate Institute in Moncks Corner earned his black belt in the sport.
Cole was presented his black belt in karate during a ceremony on March 22.
Sempai Jeff endured a test designed for someone half his age, said Sensei Jamie Whetsell. He showed a perseverance that few have shown in earning his black belt.
The Japanese word sempai means senior or mentor.
Cole started training with Japan Karate Institute in the summer of 2010 after seeing the benefits his children were receiving from karate training and instruction.
The Japan Karate Institute is like an extended family, said Cole.
The Japan Karate Institute is Charlestons largest martial arts organization. Japan Karate Institute of Moncks Corner has been a locally owned business for over 10 years.
The Berkeley Independent is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not The Berkeley Independent.
If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click "report abuse" and we will review it for possible removal. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.
© 2015 The Berkeley Independent an Evening Post Industries company. All Rights Reserved.
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text:
McFarlane Toys always kicks off the baseball season with the Opening Day launch at Toys 'R' Us stores across the country, and we've made a small swap involving those 2009 products.
Yankees catcher Jorge Posada is moving out of our New York Yankees 3-pack and into the MLB 23 lineup, replacing Melky Cabrera. It's the third version of Posada in our Sports Picks series, but the first showcasing him in his pinstriped catcher's gear.
The New York Yankees 3-pack is becoming a 2-pack, and will feature both Derek Jeter and Alex Rodriguez in fielding positions, complete with painted pinstripes never before available on these two figures.
Photos for both these series will be available in a few weeks - stay tuned to Spawn.com for more on this and other Sports Picks figures planned for 2009.


text:
Bizarre Foods Delicious Destinations
Mon 9pm | 8c
An Idiot Abroad
Tues 9pm | 8c
Watt's World
Tues 10 pm | 9c
The Dead Files: Amy See's Dead People 02:02
Delicious Destinations: Pink's Hot Dogs in LA 03:10
Niagara Falls
Anthony Bourdain: No Reservations
9am | 8c
Vietnam Central Highlands
10am | 9c
Mysteries at the Vatican
11am | 10c
Mysteries at the Museum
Volume Four
12pm | 11c
Volume Nine
1pm | 12c
Failed Assassination, Max Factor & Martian Monkey
2pm | 1c
Shrunken Heads and Broken Arrow
3pm | 2c
Roulette Computer, LA Shootout, Brooklyn Enigma
4pm | 3c
Don Bolles' Quest for the Truth, Stanley's Miraculous Snake Oil
5pm | 4c
Pop Rocks Invention, Pinball Wizard, London Smog
6pm | 5c
Time Traveling With Brian Unger
Kentucky Horses & Bourbon
7pm | 6c
Mysteries at the National Parks
Nazi UFO's
7:30pm | 6:30c
Brassiere Brigade, Flight for Life, Haunting
8pm | 7c
Mysteries at the Monument
Ellis Island, Sailing Stones, Volcano Curse
9pm | 8c
Dial M for Missing, 7 Dollar Renoir, Secret in the Attic
10pm | 9c
Sheppton Mine Disaster, Bite Board, Erie Collar Bomb
11pm | 10c
12am | 11c
1am | 12c
2am | 1c
3am | 2c
Amazing experiences, travel guides and expert advice to inspire your next adventure.
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text:
Officials seek suspects in card fraud
The North Augusta Department of Public Safety is looking for two people in connection with financial transaction card fraud.
The financial transaction card fraud took place at Walmart in North Augusta in December, police said. The suspects pictured tried to use several cards that were declined before using a card that was later reported to have fraudulent usage.
The victim had the credit card in her possession when the incident occurred and the credit card number was not hand-keyed by Walmart, according to police. Investigators are unsure of how the suspects got the victims card information at this time. The victim reportedly did not recognize the suspects.
Anyone with information about this crime is asked to call Detective Chris Toole at 441-4217.
Woman claims dogs killed her chickens
An Aiken woman reported on Thursday that dogs killed several of her chickens in the yard of her Grace Avenue home, according to the Aiken Department of Public Safety.
The incident happened between 8 and 9:30 a.m., according to a report. The owner told officers seven of her chickens were killed in her yard, and that shes had numerous ducks and cats killed in her yard by neighborhood dogs that were running loose.
Officers found several prints in the soft dirt that resembled paw prints. The case was forwarded to Aiken County Animal Services.
Notice about comments:
Aiken Standard is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. Some of the comments may be reprinted elsewhere in the site or in the newspaper. We ask that you refrain from profanity, hate speech, personal comments and remarks that are off point.
We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click the X that appears in the upper right corner when you hover over a comment. This will send the comment to Facebook for review. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.


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Nursing Programs
Carroll offers Nursing programs that allow students to enroll in degree and certificate programs. There is a selective admission process.
- Associate of Science Registered Nurse Track
- Associate of Science Registered Nurse Track for Licensed Practical Nurses
- Practical Nursing Certificate
- Associate of Arts Registered Nurse Arts and Sciences - BSN transfer recommendation
Nursing offers a variety of options beginning with the two basic fields of licensed practical nurse (LPN) and registered nurse (RN). Registered Nurses require specialized knowledge, judgment and skills to practice nursing. Licensed Practical Nurses work with registered nurses and physicians in providing basic bedside care. Maintaining health and preventing illness is the goal of all nursing care.
Registered Nurses and Licensed Practical Nurses function within the scope of practice as outlined in the Maryland Nurse Practice Act.
The clinical portion of the Associate Degree Nursing program can be completed in four semesters. The Practical Nursing Certificate program needs to be completed in the first and second term and an additional summer term. You may exit the nursing program as Practical Nurses and re-enter into the Associate Degree Nursing program within two years from the date of Practical Nursing program completion. Refer to the Admissions information for more information.


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Newbies, Post in Welcome Central to open up the boards
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
And I've never met a human being that did not have love in their heart. Often buried beneath shame, guilt, self hate etc. but imoLove is in the heart of all humans.
Quote from: laren on September 12, 2007, 09:13:56 PMAnd I've never met a human being that did not have love in their heart. Often buried beneath shame, guilt, self hate etc. but imoLove is in the heart of all humans. 5 The LORD saw how great man's wickedness on the earth had become, and that every inclination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil all the time. 6 The LORD was grieved that he had made man on the earth, and his heart was filled with pain. --Genesis 6Proverbs 10:20The tongue of the just is as choice silver: the heart of the wicked is little worth.
It is often hard for us to discern good and evil.Hebrews 5:14But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.But this interests me. What does it mean?10And he saith unto me, Seal not the sayings of the prophecy of this book: for the time is at hand. 11He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is filthy, let him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him be righteous still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still. 12And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be.--Revelation 22
If this is true of non believing humans today, how can a non believer love. How can a non believer jump into icy water to save a drowning boy??How can a non believer open a door or carry her groceries for an 80 year old woman. How can non believers bring sick fellow employees cooked dinners??How can a non believer hug their friend who just got divorced and let them know they'll be ok??How can ......etc?? How can this be, if every inclination of the thoughts of their heart is only evil. Are these all conterfeit love, is this satan disguised as an angel of light?? I personally don't think so. I believe God/love is present in the heart of all mankind. any thots??
The first is of the earth, earthy, and as the beast it's spirit will return to the earth where it came from. The second man is born of God, and except the first man become "born again" he cannot "see" the kingdom of heaven. To God, until a man is born from above he is not even born. God has already made special provisions of mercy for the "unbegotten"....the grave... where all of his troubles and sins are forgotten.
For many years, I simply understood a 'man' to be people in general. I never understood that men or man can be used in one of two context's in scripture, here are the two context's I understand that 'man' or 'men' fall under:1). To mean mankind in general (simply the flesh and blood, not concerning the spiritual).2). The spiritual man, those with MAN (GOD), indwelling, evident by their fruits. The use of 'Man' in the spiritual sense includes only those with LOVE in their hearts.Once one begins to understand the two uses of the word 'man' in scripture, a sort of awakening may occur.Now lets take a look at some scripture that is greatly misunderstood (and even contradictory if we do not understand the spiritual definition of man), but greatly clarified once a person has a solid grasp on the spiritual definition of 'Man'.John 12:32And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.Ah, if we take 'men' to simply mean the flesh and blood and bones person, then we can misunderstand this to mean every human-animal ever born.
Again,1 Timothy 2:4Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth.Again, if we do not understand the spiritual definition of 'man' we again miss the deeper meaning of Paul's statement in Timothy 2:4. When we do not understand the spiritual definition of 'man', we read much of Pauls writtings, and with this misunderstanding allot of his writtings become contradictory. BUT if we understand the true definition of 'Man' in the spiritual sense, then Pauls writtings greatly clarify and do not contradict.
Who is a MAN (spiritually speaking)????
So what did Jesus call himself? (thus revealing the true name of God)!!!Matthew 16:13When Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying, Whom do men say that I the Son of man am?You see?! Jesus was the son of MAN!!!I get so excited just talking about this, I can't express my joy to God for revealing this to me, a chief sinner!!!
Mark 332And the multitude sat about him, and they said unto him, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren without seek for thee. 33And he answered them, saying, Who is my mother, or my brethren? 34And he looked round about on them which sat about him, and said, Behold my mother and my brethren! 35For whosoever shall do the will of God, the same is my brother, and my sister, and mother.You see, if you have love in your heart (evident in your fruits), you are in the family of Jesus, or a son of Man, or a MAN!!!!!
Hebrews 2:11For both he that sanctifieth and they who are sanctified are all of one: for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren,To be a man (spiritually speaking), you must have God indwelling! Thus you become a brother to the Son of Man, a child of MAN, thus....a MAN!!!
Once you understand this, so many things in scripture will become clearer!!!John 6:53Then Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, ye have no life in you.Now you can read Paul and understand more clearly!1 Corinthians 9:22To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak: I am made all things to all men, that I might by all means save some.I hope you will consider what I am presenting to you. IT is a pearl of wisdom. Many scriptures that may be confusing or contradictory in nature to a UR will become crystal clear once you have come to grips with God's true definition of a 'Man'!!!Peace in Christ Jesus, the Son of MAN!!!!!


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Seam Body Midi Skirt
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- Model is 5'10" and wears a US size S
Rated 3.3 out of 5�by 3 reviewers.
Rated 4 out of 5�by amyinhmb Lovely This skirt is perfect for day at office or night out with my husband. Very versatile! Love!! July 31, 2014
Rated 1 out of 5�by petitelady not lined!!! I love the colours and the lines, but the skirt is not lined and for a white skirt it is unacceptable. I ordered XXS and it was too long and too wide. July 28, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5�by delicesdelisse Very Flattering!! This fabric allows for a very good fit to an hourglass figure that is often hard to fit. The bold lines are great looking. I love it! July 8, 2014
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Belk Black Friday Ad 2012
We have just posted the 72-page Belk Black Friday ad. This year Belk will be opening at midnight on Black Friday in what they claim is the earliest opening time in company history. Their ad boasts over 330 Early Bird deals that will be available from opening until 1 pm on Friday. Some of the best sales this year include small appliances, jewelry, apparel and more.


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Contractors have many unique bookkeeping needs, so we've designed this course from the ground up specifically for the construction industry.
In this six-week course, you'll learn how to use the Premier Contractor Edition of QuickBooks 2012 to run your business more efficiently. Lessons are clearly illustrated and include step-by-step instructions written so you can get hands-on practice with the features you're sure to use every day. You'll discover how to create custom and professional-looking contract estimates, track time and materials, and properly set up accounts, customers, and jobs. You'll also learn the different methods for billing your clients, including the QuickBooks progress invoicing and job-costing features.
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Local doctor recruiting for cat allergy studyWritten by Bailey G. Dick | | email@example.com
Itchy eyes, stuffy nose, scratchy throat.
They're all symptoms of a cold. But they're also symptoms of something an estimated 25 percent of Americans suffer from at any given time — cat allergies.
That's why a local allergy doctor is looking for volunteers for a major clinical research study for an investigational medicine that help treat symptoms with fewer symptoms than current treatments.
Dr. John Winder of the Toledo Center for Clinical Research, is conducting the study locally. It is one of 77 sites across the country participating in the study, which is called CATALYST. The study has already gone through two other phases of clinical trials, which means the medicine used has been found to be safe. This is the last phase the treatment will go through before being evaluated by the FDA.
"As an allergist, I have been waiting for something like this for a long time, " Winder said. "Cats are part of the family, and right now, people have to make an extraordinary effort to avoid cats and create an oasis to stay away from them."
Winder said that cat allergies are exasperated in the winter months when allergens become trapped inside home ventilation systems and are circulated around cat owners' homes.
"Cat allergens are a very potent allergen," Winder said. "People do things to avoid being exposed like creating an oasis in a bedroom or installing a HEPA filter. You can be immunized, and you can take over-the-counter medicine."
With the new approach to treating cat allergies in the CATALYST study, allergy sufferers would receive eight injections spaced four weeks apart. The number of injections is far fewer than weekly or monthly immunotherapy injections that some allergy sufferers receive for as long as five years.
Winder said that they're hoping to recruit Toledo area allergy sufferers who might benefit from the medication.
"A lot of people don't seek treatment for this. A lot of times people are afraid to because when they go to the doctor, they'll just tell you to get rid of the cat," Winder said. "People don't have to suffer with this. There are 100 million cats in the U.S. alone. This is an opportunity for people to see if they can get some relief."
To qualify for the CATALYST study, you must be between the ages 0f 12 and 65, live with a cat, and have been diagnosed with a cat allergy for at least two years. The trial is focused on people with moderate to severe symptoms. Participants in the study are not required to have insurance, will receive all exams and medication at no cost, and compensation for time and travel may be provided.
Winder cautioned that the FDA has not yet approved the investigational medication, and that participants will be informed about the previous trials.
"We're working to bring this to the market. Once it gets to the FDA, I'm quite certain we will hear about it all over the country," Winder said.
To participate in the CATALYST Study, call 1-844-CAT-STUDY or (419) 885-5755. You can also visit the study's website, www.thecatallergystudy.com.
Tags: CATALIST, CATALYST, Dr. John Winder, immunotherapy injections, investigational medication, Toledo Center for Clinical Research


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Elections 2016
Chuck's List: Hopes, fears stem from Obama re-election
A one-man opinion poll of his hopes (the ups) and fears (the downs) that resulted from the re-election of Barack Obama.
Multiple Issue Candidate
Multiple Issue Candidate
I believe we underestimated how bad our economy was in 2008. I believe Barack Obama underestimated it as much as anyone, otherwise he wouldn't have promised that our unemployment rate would have returned to a level of 5 percent during his first term. Truth is, I don't think our unemployment rate will ever dip below 6 percent again. There are too many factors working against such a hope: advancement of technology, outsourcing, downsizing, underqualified Americans for a rapidly changing business world, a weakening educational system, etc. Here's the point: if Mitt Romney was trying to sell me, above all other campaign promises, that he would create jobs, and I don't think jobs can be created, then how good of a candidate did I believe we had in Mitt Romney?
We aren't much better off than we were four years ago, but we aren't worse. Progress has been slight, but it is progress. Obama claimed when he was elected in 2008 that it would take more than four years to economically recover. Clearly, it will. I don't doubt that Mitt Romney has a better mind for economics than the president, but his plan to cut taxes across the board and ease the road for small businesses, while cutting the deficit and adding trillions to the military, was also going to take more than four years to produce fruit. Perhaps America just wasn't willing to scrap one eight-year plan for another.
Foreign Affairs
Foreign Affairs
Mitt Romney wanted us to believe we could have our cake and eat it too. During his campaign tour, he confused me whenever he spoke about foreign affairs. He emphasized how the rest of the world needs to recognize and bow to our military might, but at the same time he doesn't want to enforce it, describing himself as wanting to be seen as the "peaceful president." You can't get tougher on Iran, support Syrian rebels with weaponry, stay in Afghanistan, and reiterate to the war-torn Middle East that we will always have Israel's back -- no matter what -- without stirring up our enemies. Relations with the Middle East will never be good, not in our lifetime. There will always be the potential for a Libya tragedy, no matter who's in charge. But I just don't think you can talk tougher with our enemies AND attempt to place yourself, in the role of Commander-in-Chief, to the left of the Liberal president without leaving us confused.
The Debt
The Debt
Our national debt rose to $16 trillion under the leadership of Barack Obama. $16 trillion! Now, in Obama's defense, I will acknowledge that we've treated our trillions in debt with a dismissive air for nearly all my life. However, the deficit grew 60 percent on the president's watch, and he behaves as if we have nothing to worry about. Well, we're worried. Stop spending. The hole is too big. Put away your shovel. Time to make some tough decisions. And with costly Obamacare on the way, one has to wonder how big this hole, this crater, could get.
I don't think it will work. I've spoken with physicians who are sure it won't work. It's too costly. Longer waits for health care. Bigger costs for small businesses. A decline in quality of health care. If there is one issue that concerns me most about Obama's next four years is the Affordable Health Care Act.
A Greater Divide
A Greater Divide
Fifty percent of America didn't want Barack Obama re-elected. Forty percent of America HATED the thought he would be re-elected. We are a nation divided and I fear the divide became greater on Election Night. Where do we go from here? We haven't been this split as a people since the Civil War. And I hate it. As a news talk show host, I hear it everyday. Too many Americans are rooting for America to fail just because they don't agree with the platforms of the man in charge. We need to get back to being Americans first and Republicans/Democrats second... or ninth.


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"Can I use
after_initializeto set up nested associations for use with
Not recommended. It is better to write a custom
#new_for_form method in your model that pre-populates your instance variables with the 1 or more nested objects. That way you can test drive it, too.
"DelayedJob YAML parser in Ruby 1.9 is having issues."
The compiled-in
psych library has issues, use the tenderlove/psych gem instead. You have to use Bundler, however. Invoking
require "psych" will use the compiled-in version.
"RubyMine is not honoring a DVORAK keyboard layout properly (it is mapping keyboard shortcuts to the QWERTY layout)"
Use a hardware dongle.
"Jenkins is trying to kill off Postgres?"
Does anyone have Jenkins CI working with Postgres? It seems that after a build is complete, some java deep down inside Hudson is trying to parse the process table, and it is choking on the Postgres entries. (Postgres re-writes ARGV[0] to display status info, you can't rely on it be the original command line.) It remains a mystery why Jenkins would even need this information.
"Is anyone using Chrome in CI? The windows are transparent"
Sounds pretty. Odd, but pretty.
"brew info … is your friend"
Can't remember how to start or stop a daemon under OS X? If you installed it via Homebrew you are in luck:
brew info <foo>
Will print out the original install instructions, including exact lines to pass to launchctl(1), etc.
"More 'special' keywords to avoid in your models:
ActiveRecord Polymorphic Associations use a method called
target internally. If you have an attribute in your model / database, also called
target, then strange things will happen.
<model>.attachment.exists?is slow; it goes out to S3 (or whatever the store is)"
And it happens in strange places. Be warned. Or mock out your network calls.


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Our Sterling Silver Sparkling Pave Gold Bar Ring will wow the crowd everytime you wear it! The ring comes in 5 sizes, allowing you to choose which finger you want to show off. The ring measures to be .5 inch at the widest point and has a blanket of 2mm brilliant cut white cubic zirconias covering the front half. What gives this ring the glamour it posesses is the gold wave-like bars that separate the cubic zirconias into 4 sections, giving your hand a tasteful touch of sparkle!
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FWIW, I was also reading at 200+/100+ in the hospital, and went home on labetalol. About 6 months later they were able to wean me off of it. Honestly, I think time was the major factor in my recovery. I was breastfeeding, so I dropped weight fairly quickly, to 20+ pounds below my starting weight, but still had high bp readings for several months.
Nowadays it's usually in the 100+/70+ range.
DS Oscar born 10/20/02 at 34 weeks, rapid-onset severe PE


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These are the bookings recorded for the Doris C. Gravat Detention Center for Nov. 4, 2013. Some of the people listed may not have actually spent time in jail if they posted bond and were released. Although those listed have been arrested and charged, that does not mean they have been found guilty. All bookings may be viewed online by visiting www.aikenstandard.com and clicking on the "Crime" tab.
Steve Crenshaw — driving under the influence second offense, driving under suspension second offense
Robert Poole — possession with intent to distribute marijuana
Maryorie Fuentes — destruction of city property, no driver's license
Miguel Perez — criminal domestic violence first offense
Antonio Counts — false information to police/fire, littering, shoplifting value $2,000 or less (enhancement)
James Sharpe — criminal domestic violence of a high and aggravated nature
Shaniqua Thomas — assault and battery third degree
Laquisha Padgett — hold for the City of Greenwood, S.C., fraudulent check bench warrant two counts
Pamela Love — shoplifting $1,000 or less
Larry Campbell — failure to pay child support
Richard Lowe Sr. — driving under suspension, operating an uninsured vehicle, no vehicle license, carrying a concealed weapon, false information to police/fire, unlawful use of a license, North Augusta Department of Public Safety hold
Brittany Perry — criminal domestic violence
Sasha Smith — malicious injury to real property $1,000 or less
Joseph Taylor — possession of marijuana second offense, possession of 28 grams or less of marijuana or 10 grams or less of hashish first offense bench warrant two counts
Notice about comments:
Aiken Standard is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. Some of the comments may be reprinted elsewhere in the site or in the newspaper. We ask that you refrain from profanity, hate speech, personal comments and remarks that are off point.
We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click the X that appears in the upper right corner when you hover over a comment. This will send the comment to Facebook for review. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.


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Apple seeking new blood to lead 'High Priority' next gen Apple TV development
Apple has posted a recruitment ad on its own site for a Software Engineering Manager specifically for the Apple TV team. It appears that Apple may be getting ready to move the Apple TV from the hobby stage into a full blown can't do without living room necessity. According to the ad, Apple is seeking someone to deliver the next generation features for Apple TV.
The Apple TV team is looking for an experienced engineering manager to help deliver the next generation features for Apple TV. Bring your creative energy and engineering discipline, and help us bring the Apple experience to the Living Room.
Lead a team of engineers working on exciting new features and functionality - Drive releases from initial concept to completion
Work closely with cross functional teams, representing Apple TV across Apple - Develop the engineering plan for upcoming projects
Communicate status to key stakeholders and senior management
The rumors surrounding the Apple TV platform are always circulating with many believing that Apple will release its own actual television set. Each year we are told by analysts that it will arrive and so far we are still waiting. The other rumor and the one that is more likely in my opinion, is the release of an Apple TV SDK (Software Development Kit). This would allow developers to start creating apps for the Apple TV and could open it up to a whole new market. It had already been rumored that an event was planned for April however that has since been dismissed as incorrect.
The other option would be for Apple to continue with its content partner agreements where they strike deals with YouTube, Vimeo, Hulu, major league sports, etc. on a channel-by-channel basis. Either way, the fact that Apple is publicly advertising for Software Managers to deliver the next generation features for the Apple TV and also calls it a "High Priority" is extremely interesting!
Have something to say about this story? Leave a comment! Need help with something else? Ask in our forums!
Reader comments
Apple seeking new blood to lead 'High Priority' next gen Apple TV development
It doesn't really inspire me with confidence when companies like Apple have to put out ads looking for people like this. "Lead a team of engineers"? Is it me or does it seem kind of silly to think Apple is going to hire someone to "lead" who they already have in place (in a short period of time)? Who exactly is going to come in and "lead" these engineers having more iOS knowledge than the ones already working at Apple?
It also implies that Apple has no idea where they're going with this. Have to hire someone first? Who's been running the Apple tv project anyway? Is the current team incompetent? Unable to promote someone from within to actually "lead" these engineers?
Or perhaps it's just their way of doing some PR. Post a job ad, let the blogs pick up on it. Keeps the interest brewing.
Isn't funny that everyone seems to be innovating, by what we read in the net, but Apple.
For every bit of rumor as to what Apple will be doing we find their competitors have the finished product in hand. They also churn out product after product hoping one will stick but it takes Apple to make any one product works and guarantees demand.
Yes Apple is doomed because the 80,000 folks working at Cupertino are clueless,,,,/s
That reply isn't related to the guy's post at all. You just reacted. Learn how to read.


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Hope that got your attention. lol.
An article about my wife's Montana antelope got printed in the last edition of the Huntin Fool magazine. If you like the article, we'd really appreciate your vote for her on-line. You have to log in as a member. She is "Christy Caddock" in the April 2013 edition. The article has pics of 5 animals we got last fall including her California bighorn (Oregon), Antelope (Montana), and Mule deer (Utah muzzleloader).
It was her third year of hunting, all DIY on draw tags.
Thanks a bunch!


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Deep V-Lace Contrast Silk Top
Style # 217898
Sheer lace shoulders, V-neckline and luxurious silk drape make this bebe top a super-sexy way to amp up fall bottoms. Try it with a pair of skinny jeans and embellished heels.
- 100% silk
- Center back to hem: 23" (58 cm)
- Dry clean
- Imported
- Model is 5'9" and is wearing a US size S
Rated 4.5 out of 5�by 2 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5�by brendamty LOVE IT! This top is amazingly comfortable and soft! The lace makes it look so cute and the silk very classy. I had no problem with the size since I got it in store, but its true that runs big. I am regularly XS in tops, but this time I got XXS. September 16, 2013
Rated 4 out of 5�by Lordam Nice top!!! Bought this top and its very nice but too big for me. I'm usually a size small but this blouse was way too big for a small. So it's going back but nice top overall. July 3, 2013
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Rock Climbing Injury: Feet: Broken Foot
—Max | via e-mail
In the late 20th century, before I became a medical sage, I bouldered with a guy who went by the handle Gatito, meaning kitten. In a double entendre euphemistic kind of way, he was just that—a 6'3" wrought-iron sculpture, he went about the world wide-eyed and playful.
A minor fall on scree a couple of years before had resulted in multiple fractures in his ankle followed by several operations. His foot was fused in every direction with virtually no motion at the ankle itself, and resembled a prosthetic limb that a dog had chewed on.
We met in Refugio Frey, Patagonia, both partner-less. Gatito's diamond-bit fingertips pulled harder than a tractor on nitrous. He out-bouldered, out-climbed and out-socialized me at every turn. He took whippers, walked for hours up exfoliating Patagonian slopes, had no bouldering pad and drank his body weight in maté every morning at 30 different camps.
Not to say his ankle was without issues. From joint stiffness and cartilage damage is born a multitude of pathologies, namely tendonitis and early joint degeneration. But he adapted and made things workable.
Your injury is a mild swerve to the left, not the end of the road. It doesn't sound like your doc has advised against climbing, and neither would I. I saw a guy today who was stopped on a 100-footer by a loop of static line that snagged around his ankle. Two plates and 12 screws. His surgeon was smart: "Climbing is great for it. Go climbing. It will develop strength and range of motion." Knighthood!Impact, however, is bad. Avoid slabs (like you needed an excuse!), buy a phat pad. Lowballs are the new black.
Arthritis has started already—you have a limited amount of steps before you notice it!
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Only hotels in Hasbrouck Heights are listed below. Explore our guide for inexpensive and discount hotel/motel rates in or near Hasbrouck Heights, NJ for your personal leisure or group travel. Discover the most popular Hasbrouck Heights, New Jersey hotel and motel rooms. Browse the Hasbrouck Heights area hotels to find the perfect lodging! Please use the provided map of the Hasbrouck Heights hotels. Group booking? Search Hasbrouck Heights Group Hotel RatesThe Hasbrouck Heights center is about 1 mile from Teterboro Airport and 3 miles from Meadowlands Race Track.
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Below are reviews of the city of Hasbrouck Heights, NJ from an actual visitor's perspective.
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In accordance with the present invention, deposition of LiCoO2 layers in a pulsed-dc physical vapor deposition process is presented. Such a deposition can provide a low-temperature, high deposition rate deposition of a crystalline layer of LiCoO2 with a desired (101) or (003) orientation. Some embodiments of the deposition addresses the need for high rate deposition of LiCoO2 films, which can be utilized as the cathode layer in a solid state rechargeable Li battery. Embodiments of the process according to the present invention can eliminate the high temperature (>700° C.) anneal step that is conventionally needed to crystallize the LiCoO2 layer. Some embodiments of the process can improve a battery utilizing the LiCoO2 layer by utilizing a rapid thermal anneal process with short ramp rates.
1. A method of depositing a LiCoO2 layer, comprising:
placing a substrate in a reactor;
flowing at least an inert gas through the reactor;
applying pulsed DC power to a sputter target comprising LiCoO2;
positioning said target opposite said substrate;
forming a layer of LiCoO2 over said substrate; and
applying rapid thermal annealing to said substrate and LiCoO2 layer to a temperature of less than about 700° C. for a period of time of less than about 10 minutes.
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17. A method of depositing a lithium metal oxide layer, comprising:
placing a substrate in a reactor;
flowing at least an inert gas through the reactor;
applying pulsed DC power to a sputter target comprising lithium metal oxide;
positioning said target opposite said substrate;
forming a layer of said lithium metal oxide over said substrate; and
applying rapid thermal annealing to said substrate and lithium metal oxide layer to a temperature of less than about 700° C. for a period of time of less than about 10 minutes.
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The present application is a continuation and claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/297,057, filed Dec. 7, 2005, which is related to and claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/651,363, filed Feb. 8, 2005, and U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/634,818, filed Dec. 8, 2004, which are expressly incorporated fully herein by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is related to thin-film solid-state batteries and, in particular, the deposition of LiCoO2 films and layers for battery manufacture.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Solid-state thin-film batteries are typically formed by stacking thin films on a substrate in such a way that the films cooperate to generate a voltage. The thin films typically include current collectors, a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte. The thin films can be deposited utilizing a number of deposition processes, including sputtering and electroplating. Substrates suitable for this application have conventionally been high temperature materials capable of withstanding at least one high temperature anneal process to at least 700° C. for up to about 2 hours in air so as to crystallize the LiCoO2 film. Such a substrate can be any suitable material with appropriate structural and material properties, for example a semiconductor wafer, metallic sheet (e.g., titanium or zirconium), ceramic such as alumina, or other material capable of withstanding subsequent high temperature processing in the presence of the LiCoO2, which can experience significant interfacial reactions with most materials utilized in a battery during these temperature cycles.
Other lithium containing mixed metal oxides besides LiCoO2, including Ni, Nb, Mn, V, and sometimes also Co, but including other transition metal oxides, have been evaluated as crystalline energy storage cathode materials. Typically, the cathode material is deposited in amorphous form and then the material is heated in an anneal process to form the crystalline material. In LiCoO2, for example, an anneal at or above 700° C. transforms the deposited amorphous film to a crystalline form. Such a high temperature anneal, however, severely limits the materials that can be utilized as the substrate, induces destructive reaction with the lithium containing cathode material and often requires the use of expensive noble metals such as gold. Such high thermal budget processes (i.e., high temperatures for extended periods of time) are incompatible with semiconductor or MEM device processing and limit the choice of substrate materials, increases the cost, and decrease the yield of such batteries. The inventors are unaware of a process disclosed in the art that allows production of cathodic lithium films for a battery structure where a post-deposition anneal process has a low enough thermal budget to allow production of functional structures on low temperature materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, or copper foil.
It is known that crystallization of amorphous LiCoO2 on precious metals can be achieved. An example of this crystallization is discussed in Kim et al., where an anneal at 700° C. for 20 minutes of an amorphous layer of LiCoO2 provides for crystallization of the LiCoO2 material, as shown by x-ray diffraction data. Kim, Han-Ki and Yoon, Young Soo, "Characteristics of rapid-thermal-annealed LiCoO2, cathode film for an all-solid-state thin film microbattery," J. Vac. Sci. Techn. A 22(4), July/August 2004. In Kim et al., the LiCoO2 was deposited on a platinum film that was deposited on a high-temperature MgO/Si substrate. Id. In Kim et al, it was shown that such a crystalline film is capable of constituting the Li+ ion containing cathode layer of a functional all solid-state Li+ ion battery. However, it is of continuing interest for the manufacture of solid state Li+ ion batteries to further reduce the thermal budget of the post deposition anneal, both in time and in temperature, so as to enable the manufacture of such batteries without the need for expensive precious metal nucleation, barrier layers, or expensive high-temperature substrates.
There are many references that disclose an ion beam assisted process that can provide a LiCoO2 film that demonstrates some observable crystalline composition by low angle x-ray diffraction (XRD). Some examples of these include U.S. patent applications Ser. No. 09/815,983 (Publication No. US 2002/001747), Ser. No. 09/815,621 (Publication No. US 2001/0032666), and Ser. No. 09/815,919 (Publication No. US 2002/0001746). These references disclose the use of a second front side ion beam or other ion source side-by-side with a deposition source so as to obtain a region of overlap of the flux of ions with the flux of LiCoO2 vapor at the substrate surface. None of these references disclose film temperature data or other temperature data of the film during deposition to support an assertion of low temperature processing.
It is very difficult to form a uniform deposition either by sputtering a material layer or by bombardment with an ion flux. Utilization of two uniform simultaneous distributions from two sources that do not occupy the same position and extent with respect to the substrate enormously increases the difficulties involved in achieving a uniform material deposition. These references do not disclose a uniform materials deposition, which is required for reliable production of thin-film batteries. A well understood specification for material uniformity for useful battery products is that a 5% one-sigma material uniformity is standard in thin film manufacturing. With this uniformity, about 86% of the produced films will be found acceptable for battery production.
It is even more difficult to scale a substrate to manufacturing scale, such as 200 mm or 300 mm. Indeed, in the references discussed above that utilize both a sputtering deposition and an ion beam deposition, only small area targets and small area substrates are disclosed. These references disclose a single feasibility result. No method for achieving a uniform distribution from two separate front side sources has been disclosed in these references.
Further, conventional materials and production processes can limit the energy density capacity of the batteries produced, causing a need for more batteries occupying more volume. It is specifically desirable to produce batteries that have large amounts of stored energy per unit volume in order to provide batteries of low weight and low volume.
Therefore, there is a need for a low temperature process for depositing crystalline material, for example LiCoO2 material, onto a substrate.
In accordance with the present invention, deposition of LiCoO2 layers in a pulsed-dc physical vapor deposition process is presented. Such a deposition can provide a low-temperature, high deposition rate deposition of a crystalline layer of LiCoO2 with a desired (101) orientation. Some embodiments of the deposition address the need for high rate deposition of LiCoO2 films, which can be utilized as the cathode layer in a solid state rechargeable Li battery. Embodiments of the process according to the present invention can eliminate the high temperature (>700° C.) anneal step that is conventionally needed to crystallize the LiCoO2 layer.
A method of depositing a LiCoO2 layer according to some embodiments of the present invention includes placing a substrate in a reactor; flowing a gaseous mixture including argon and oxygen through the reactor; and applying pulsed-DC power to a target formed of LiCoO2 positioned opposite the substrate. A crystalline LiCoO2 layer is formed on the substrate. Further, in some embodiments the LiCoO2 layer is a crystalline layer of orientation (101).
In some embodiments, a stacked battery structure can be formed. The stacked battery structure includes one or more battery stacks deposited on a thin substrate, wherein each battery stack includes: a conducting layer, a crystalline LiCoO2 layer deposited over the conducting layer, a LiPON layer deposited over the LiCoO2 layer; and an anode deposited over the LiPON layer. A top conducting layer can be deposited over the one or more battery stacks.
In some embodiments, a battery structure can be formed in a cluster tool. A method of producing a battery in a cluster tool includes loading a substrate into a cluster tool; depositing a conducting layer over the substrate in a first chamber of the cluster tool; depositing a crystalline LiCoO2 layer over the conducting layer in a second chamber of the cluster tool; depositing a LiPON layer over the LiCoO2 layer in a third chamber of the cluster tool; depositing an anode layer over the LiCoO2 layer in a fourth chamber; and depositing a second conducting layer over the LiPON layer in a fifth chamber of the cluster tool.
A fixture for holding a thin substrate can include a top portion; and a bottom portion, wherein the thin substrate is held when the top portion is attached to the bottom portion.
These and other embodiments of the invention are further discussed below with reference to the following figures. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed. Further, specific explanations or theories regarding the deposition or performance of barrier layers or soft-metal breath treatments according to the present invention are presented for explanation only and are not to be considered limiting with respect to the scope of the present disclosure or the claims.
In the figures, elements having the same designation have the same or similar functions.
In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, LiCoO2 films are deposited on a substrate by a pulsed-dc physical vapor deposition (PVD) process. In contrast to, for example, Kim et al., LiCoO2 films according to some embodiments of the present invention provide a crystalline LiCoO2 film as deposited on a substrate at a substrate temperature as low as about 220° C. during deposition, without the use of a metallic nucleation or barrier underlying film. The as-deposited crystalline LiCoO2 films can be easily ripened to very high crystalline condition by anneal at about 700° C. for as little as 5 minutes without the use of an underlying precious metal film. In addition, the as deposited crystalline films, when positioned on a noble metal film can be annealed at much further reduced temperatures, for example as low as 400 to 500° C., providing for deposition, annealing, and production of solid state batteries on lower temperature substrates.
In the present application, a single, extended source is described which has been scaled to 400 mm×500 mm for production achieving a LiCoO2 uniformity of 3% one-sigma measured at 25 points at a deposition rate of 1.2 microns thickness an hour over an area of 2000 cm, without the need for secondary front side ion source or ion assistance.
In one example process, a LiCoO2 film was deposited utilizing a conductive ceramic LiCoO2 target as described herein, with pulsed-dc power of 4 kW, no bias, with 60 sccm Ar and 20 sccm O2 gas flows. In 2 hours, a 7200 Angstrom layer of crystalline LiCoO2 was deposited on a substrate area of 400×500 mm. As demonstrated in
On other depositions utilizing this process, a temperature measurement of the substrate during deposition showed that the substrate remained at less than 224° C. Temperature measurements were performed utilizing a temperature sticker purchased from Omega Engineering, Stamford, Conn. (Model no. TL-F-390, active from 199-224° C.).
Moreover, in some embodiments, films deposited according to the present invention can have a deposition rate of from about 10 to about 30 times higher than processes in conventional films. Furthermore, films according to the present invention can be deposited on wide area substrates having a surface area from 10 to 50 times the surface area of prior sputtering processes, resulting in much higher productivity and much lower cost of manufacture, thereby providing high-volume, low-cost valuable batteries.
Further, conventional deposition processes are capable of depositing amorphous LiCoO2 layers, but do not deposit crystalline LiCoO2 layers. Surprisingly, depositions according to some embodiment of the present invention, deposit a LiCoO2 layer with substantial crystallinity readily measured by x-ray diffraction techniques. In some embodiments, the crystallinity of the as-deposited LiCoO2 layers is sufficient to be utilized in a battery structure with no further thermal processing. In some embodiments, crystallinity of the as-deposited LiCoO2 layers are improved by thermal processes with low thermal budgets, which can be compatible with films deposited on low-temperature substrates.
Further, as-deposited the stoichiometry of some LiCoO2 layers deposited according to some embodiments of the present invention shows that this layer is sufficient for utilization in a battery. With the demonstrated ability to deposit a LiCoO2 film with crystallinity and with sufficient stoichiometry, a battery utilizing as-deposited LiCoO2 films can be produced. Heat treating the LiCoO2 layers may improve the crystallinity and lower the impedance.
In some embodiments, a crystalline layer of LiCoO2 with a (101) or a (003) crystalline orientation is deposited directly on the substrate. Deposition of crystalline material can eliminate or lessen the need of a subsequent high temperature anneal or precious-metal layers to crystallize and orient the film. Removing the high temperature anneal allows for formation of battery structures on light-weight and low temperature substrates such as stainless steel foil, copper foil, aluminum foil, and plastic sheet, reducing both the weight and the cost of batteries while retaining the energy density storage capabilities of Li-based batteries. In some embodiments, a crystalline LiCoO2 layer can be deposited on a precious metal layer, such as platinum or iridium, resulting in a further significant lowering of the ripening thermal budget required to improve crystallinity.
Deposition of materials by pulsed-DC biased reactive ion deposition is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/101,863, entitled "Biased Pulse DC Reactive Sputtering of Oxide Films," to Hongmei Zhang, et al., filed on Mar. 16, 2002. Preparation of targets is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/101,341, entitled "Rare-Earth Pre-Alloyed PVD Targets for Dielectric Planar Applications," to Vassiliki Milonopoulou, et al., filed on Mar. 16, 2002. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/101,863 and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/101,341 are each incorporated herein in their entirety. Deposition of oxide materials has also been described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,506,289, which is also herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. Transparent oxide films can be deposited utilizing processes similar to those specifically described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,506,289 and U.S. application Ser. No. 10/101863.
Apparatus 10 includes target 12 which is electrically coupled through a filter 15 to a pulsed DC power supply 14. In some embodiments, target 12 is a wide area sputter source target, which provides material to be deposited on a substrate 16. Substrate 16 is positioned parallel to and opposite target 12. Target 12 functions as a cathode when power is applied to it from the pulsed DC power supply 14 and is equivalently termed a cathode. Application of power to target 12 creates a plasma 53. Substrate 16 is capacitively coupled to an electrode 17 through an insulator 54. Electrode 17 can be coupled to an RF power supply 18. A magnet 20 is scanned across the top of target 12.
For pulsed reactive dc magnetron sputtering, as performed by apparatus 10, the polarity of the power supplied to target 12 by power supply 14 oscillates between negative and positive potentials. During the positive period, the insulating layer on the surface of target 12 is discharged and arcing is prevented. To obtain arc free deposition, the pulsing frequency exceeds a critical frequency that can depend on target material, cathode current and reverse time. High quality oxide films can be made using reactive pulse DC magnetron sputtering as shown in apparatus 10.
Pulsed DC power supply 14 can be any pulsed DC power supply, for example an AE Pinnacle plus 10 K by Advanced Energy, Inc. With this DC power supply, up to 10 kW of pulsed DC power can be supplied at a frequency of between 0 and 350 kHz. The reverse voltage can be 10% of the negative target voltage. Utilization of other power supplies can lead to different power characteristics, frequency characteristics, and reverse voltage percentages. The reverse time on this embodiment of power supply 14 can be adjusted between 0 and 5 μs.
Filter 15 prevents the bias power from power supply 18 from coupling into pulsed DC power supply 14. In some embodiments, power supply 18 can be a 2 MHz RF power supply, for example a Nova-25 power supply made by ENI, Colorado Springs, Colo.
In some embodiments, filter 15 can be a 2 MHz sinusoidal band rejection filter. In some embodiments, the band width of the filter can be approximately 100 kHz. Filter 15, therefore, prevents the 2 MHz power from the bias to substrate 16 from damaging power supply 14 and allow passage of the pulsed-dc power and frequency.
Pulsed DC deposited films are not fully dense and may have columnar structures. Columnar structures can be detrimental to thin film applications such as barrier films and dielectric films, where high density is important, due to the boundaries between the columns. The columns act to lower the dielectric strength of the material, but may provide diffusion paths for transport or diffusion of electrical current, ionic current, gas, or other chemical agents such as water. In the case of a solid state battery, a columnar structure containing crystallinity as derived from processes according to the present invention is beneficial for battery performance because it allows better Li transport through the boundaries of the material.
In the Phoenix system, for example, target 12 can have an active size of about 800.00×920.00 mm by 4 to 8 mm in order to deposit films on substrate 16 that have dimension about 600×720 mm. The temperature of substrate 16 can be adjusted to between −50° C. and 500° C. The distance between target 12 and substrate 16 can be between about 3 and about 9 cm (in some embodiments, between 4.8 and 6 cm are used). Process gas can be inserted into the chamber of apparatus 10 at a rate up to about 200 sccm while the pressure in the chamber of apparatus 10 can be held at between about 0.7 and 6 milliTorr. Magnet 20 provides a magnetic field of strength between about 400 and about 600 Gauss directed in the plane of target 12 and is moved across target 12 at a rate of less than about 20-30 sec/scan. In some embodiments utilizing the Phoenix reactor, magnet 20 can be a race-track shaped magnet with dimensions about 150 mm by 800 mm.
In some embodiments, magnet 20 extends beyond area 52 in one direction, for example the Y direction in
The combination of a uniform target 12 with a target area 52 larger than the area of substrate 16 can provide films of highly uniform thickness. Further, the material properties of the film deposited can be highly uniform. The conditions of sputtering at the target surface, such as the uniformity of erosion, the average temperature of the plasma at the target surface, and the equilibration of the target surface with the gas phase ambient of the process are uniform over a region which is greater than or equal to the region to be coated with a uniform film thickness. In addition, the region of uniform film thickness is greater than or equal to the region of the film which is to have highly uniform electrical, mechanical, or optical properties such as index of refraction, stoichiometry, density, transmission, or absorptivity.
Target 12 can be formed of any materials that provide the correct stoichiometry for LiCoO2 deposition. Typical ceramic target materials include oxides of Li and Co as well as metallic Li and Co additions and dopants such as Ni, Si, Nb, or other suitable metal oxide additions. In the present disclosure, target 12 can be formed from LiCoO2 for deposition of LiCoO2 film.
In some embodiments of the invention, material tiles are formed. These tiles can be mounted on a backing plate to form a target for apparatus 10. A wide area sputter cathode target can be formed from a close packed array of smaller tiles. Target 12, therefore, may include any number of tiles, for example between 2 and 60 individual tiles. Tiles can be finished to a size so as to provide a margin of edge-wise non-contact, tile to tile, less than about 0.010″ to about 0.020″ or less than half a millimeter so as to eliminate plasma processes that may occur between adjacent ones of tiles 30. The distance between tiles of target 12 and the dark space anode or ground shield 19 in
As shown in
In some embodiments, an oxide layer can be deposited on substrate 301. For example, a silicon oxide layer can be deposited on a silicon wafer. Other layers can be formed between conducting layer 302 and substrate 301.
As further shown in
An anode 305 is deposited over LiPON layer 304. Anode 305 can be, for example an evaporated lithium metal. Other materials such as, for example, nickel can also be utilized. A current collector 306, which is a conducting material, is then deposited over at least a portion of anode 305.
A Li based thin film battery operates by transport of Li ions in the direction from current collector 306 to current collector 302 in order to hold the voltage between current collector 306 and current collector 302 at a constant voltage. The ability for battery structure 300 to supply steady current, then, depends on the ability of Li ions to diffuse through LiPON layer 304 and LiCoO2 layer 303. Li transport through bulk cathode LiCoO2 layer 303 in a thin film battery occurs by the way of grains or grain boundaries. Without being restricted in this disclosure to any particular theory of transport, it is believed that the grains with their planes parallel to substrate 302 will block the flow of Li ions while grains oriented with planes perpendicular to substrate 301 (i.e., oriented parallel to the direction of Li ion flow) facilitate the Li diffusion. Therefore, in order to provide a high-current battery structure, LiCoO2 layer 303 should include crystals oriented in the (101) direction or (003) direction.
In accordance with the present invention, LiCoO2 films can be deposited on substrate 302 with a pulsed-DC biased PVD system as was described above. In addition, an AKT 1600 PVD system can be modified to provide an RF bias, which is available in the Pheonix system, and an Advanced Energy Pinnacle plus 10K pulsed DC power supply can be utilized to provide power to a target. The pulsing frequency of the power supply can vary from about 0 to about 350 KHz. The power output of the power supply is between 0 and about 10 kW. A target of densified LiCoO2 tiles having a resistivity in the range of about 3 to about 10 kΩ can be utilized with dc-sputtering.
In some embodiments, LiCoO2 films are deposited on Si wafers. Gas flows containing Oxygen and Argon can be utilized. In some embodiments, the Oxygen to Argon ratio ranges from 0 to about 50% with a total gas flow of about 80 sccm. The pulsing frequency ranges from about 200 kHz to about 300 kHz during deposition. RF bias can also be applied to the substrate. In many trials, the deposition rates vary from about 2 Angstrom/(kW sec) to about 1 Angstrom/(kW sec) depending on the O2/Ar ratio as well as substrate bias.
Table I illustrates some example depositions of LiCoO2 according to the present invention. XRD (x-Ray Diffraction) results taken on the resulting thin films illustrate that films deposited according to the present invention are crystalline films, often with highly textured grain sizes as large as about 150 nm. The dominant crystal orientation appears to be sensitive to the O2/Ar ratio. For certain O2/Ar ratios (˜10%), as-deposited films exhibit a preferred orientation in the (101) direction or the (003) direction with poorly developed (003) planes.
The rate of deposition of the LiCoO2 layer shown in
The LiCoO2 layer shown in
The LiCoO2 film shown in
The LiCoO2 film shown in
In the example deposition illustrated in
In the example deposition illustrated in
The data show clearly that an as-deposited crystalline film of LiCoO2 can be obtained under several of the process conditions, as shown in Table II. In particular, very high rates of deposition with low power are obtained along with the oriented crystalline structure for the process conditions according to embodiments of the present invention.
Depositing materials on a thin substrate involves holding and positioning the substrate during deposition.
As shown in
As shown in
Utilizing fixture 700 as shown in
Processing chambers 804, 805, 806, 807, and 808 as well as load locks 802 and 803 are coupled by transfer chamber 801. Transfer chamber 801 includes substrate transfer robotics to shuttle individual wafers between processing chambers 804, 805, 806, 807, and 808 and load locks 802 and 803.
In production of a conventional thin-film battery, ceramic substrates are loaded into load lock 803. A thin metallic layer can be deposited in chamber 804, followed by a LiCoO2 deposition performed in chamber 805. The substrate is then removed through load lock 803 for an in-air heat treatment external to cluster tool 800. The treated wafer is then reloaded into cluster tool 800 through load lock 802. A LiPON layer can be deposited in chamber 806. The wafer is then again removed from cluster tool 800 for deposition of the lithium anode layer, or sometimes chamber 807 can be adapted to deposition of the lithium anode layer. A second metallic layer is deposited in chamber 808 to form a charge collector and anode collector. The finished battery structure is then off-loaded from cluster tool 800 in load lock 802. Wafers are shuttled from chamber to chamber by robotics in transfer chamber 801.
A battery structure produced according to the present invention could utilize thin film substrates loaded in a fixture such as fixture 700. Fixture 700 is then loaded into load lock 803. Chamber 804 may still include deposition of a conducting layer. Chamber 805 then includes deposition of a LiCoO2 layer according to embodiments of the present invention. A LiPON layer can then be deposited in chamber 806. Chamber 807 may still be adapted to deposition of a lithium rich material such as lithium metal and chamber 808 can be utilized for deposition of the conducting layer of the current collector. In this process, no heat treatment is utilized to crystallize the LiCoO2 layer.
Another advantage of a thin film battery process is the ability to stack battery structures. In other words, substrates loaded into cluster tool 800 may traverse process chambers 804, 805, 806, 807, and 808 multiple times in order to produce multiply stacked battery structures.
As discussed above, any number of individual battery stacks can be formed such that parallel battery formations are formed. Such a parallel arrangement of battery stacking structure can be indicated as Current collector/LiCoO2/LiPON/Anode/current collector/Anode/LiPON/LiCoO2/current collector/LiCoO2 . . . /current collector.
To form the structures shown in
In some embodiments, stoichiometric LiCoO2 can be deposited on iridium.
As shown in
As shown in
As an alternative to a lift-off process as described in
As shown in a comparison of
One skilled in the art will recognize variations and modifications of the examples specifically discussed in this disclosure. These variations and modifications are intended to be within the scope and spirit of this disclosure. As such, the scope is limited only by the following claims.
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