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Zimmerman and the Privatization of Everything
Robert Geroux July 14, 2013 - 7:50pm
My contribution to the debate surrounding the Zimmerman verdict will be short and (one hopes) sweet. It isn't grounded in any particular expertise in case law. It's just meant to be a pessimstic observation about the loss of (a) common sense.
Political philosophers after Hobbes draw a distinction between an enemy and a criminal. An enemy is someone defined by sovereign power. One state declares war on another, and when this happens, their citizens become enemies. A criminal in contrast is someone who represents an affront to the law, and who in a sense lives outside the law; the threat that he represents is private. One's Second Amendment right to bear arms is in this context clearly a duty and obligation, an imperative to face down and defeat the enemy or enemies of one's country. It's not the same as a universal "right" to define and fight criminals. Of all people, John Locke understood the dangers inherent in this point of distinction: he argued that in a so-called state of nature without public authority, every individual could engage in self-defense. However, the egregious excesses of that condition – men using lethal force to avenge petty insults or crimes against property for example – was according to Locke what led human beings to leave that condition and enter into the social contract.
We no longer live in Locke's state of nature – in truth we never did – and yet laws like Florida's "Stand Your Ground" assume that we do. Such laws diminsh the Second Amendment by turning common defense into a hunt for "bad guys." What once conveyed a vision of virtuous citizen-soldiers now evokes a world full of private contractors, a tremulous and bellicose mass of individuals, each with his particular grievances and shadowy comprehensions of threat, fully empowered to use lethal force. It's a tragic distortion.
Commentators on the Zimmerman case are already discussing it in terms of a conflict between what the law mandates versus the pursuit of justice. In my eyes, the terms are much clearer: it represents nothing more than the forward march of the privatization of everything.
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But we shouldn't be surprised by this, I think. The culture is in large part one of what Macpherson called "possessive individualism." It's a few decades since I read his book, which I thought brilliant, particularly his argument that Locke (and Hobbes, too) filled their "state of nature" with early modern proto-capitalists who, acting as such, needed the state to curb their tendencies. What do people make of his book today?
Have not read the MacPherson book, but possessive individualism sounds right: Zimmerman's right to tool around his neighborhood, gun at hand, and confront people. The police told him to let it go. He didn't.
"Stand your ground" now seems to give hot heads and bullys the right to run around and shoot people who give you lip--at least in Florida. I am very disappointed in my six fellow women who made up the jury; manslaughter it was and that's what they should have found...even if they have cute little pistols in their pocketbooks.
And he gets his gun back "George Zimmerman will get his gun back now that he has been cleared of murder and his lawyer said today that Zimmerman needs the weapon "even more 'than before.'" http://abcnews.go.com/US/george-zimmerman-gun-back/story?id=19663922#.Ue...
I haven't rread Macpherson's book. I agree that our culture can well be characterized as a culture of possessive individualism. But I'm not inclined to agree that Locke fills his "state of nature" with proto-capitalists who, acting as such, needed the state to curb their tendencies." Some of Locke's lated disciples may fit tis bill, but Locke's "Second Treatise of Govenment," at least as i see it, needs the premise that every person and thing in the world is God's property to get his whole treatise going. I'm also skeptical, for other reasons, about seeing Hobbes as a "proto-capitalist.". Both Locke and Hobbes can rightly be seen as espousing an individualist conception of human beings. It's the "possessive" part that I have a hard time agreeing with.
I also have not read Macpherson's book. However, the secular culture in which we live is not as evil and filled with diabolic cancer as some would argue. The secular culture and materialism, liberalism, individualism and relativism are blamed by the Church for the non-reception of some Church teachings. This is a worldview that must be tempered by reality. The world is not polarized into those who are athesits and agnostics and Catholics who disagree with some Church teachings, one the one hand, and on the other hand, by those Catholics who adhere to all Church teachings as the truth. As for the Zimmerman-Martin case:
This was a tragedy that could have been avoided. One issue of great concern is the right of a neighborhood watch volunteer to carry a concealed weapon with a bullet in the chamber. Despite the law that allow individuals to carry concealed weapons there does not seem to be any requirement of rigorous training, certification or strict laws governing the behavior of neighborhood watch volunteers. This can lead to tragic consequences.
One can reasonably argue that "profiling" was used by both Mr. Zimmerman and Trayvon Martin. However, those who assert that Mr. Zimmerman used "racial profiling" is not supported by the evidence or his past behavior. The fact that the majority of crimes in this neighborhood were committed by black teenagers and young adults, making suspect some black strangers walking in a gated community is not "racial" per se. This does not mean that racial profiling is not real and a major problem in the U.S.
Had Mr. Zimmerman been unarmed, Trayvon Martin would likely have made it safely home that night. However, neither is the possibility that an unarmed Mr. Zimmerman may have been killed or may have sustained very serious injuries by the hands of Trayvon Martin. We can speculate until the cows come home, but the jury found no evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that Mr. Zimmerman killed Trayvon Martin because he wanted to, because he had malice in his heart, because he was a racist or because he was gravely negligent. The jury found sufficient evidence that Mr. Zimmerman killed Trayvon Martin in self defense. The tragedy is that if Trayvon Martin and Mr. Zimmerman had the love of God and neighbor in their hearts, this incident would not have happened.
In the aftermath of this jury judgment, the startling different conclusions of those on both sides means there are issues that must be addressed such as gun laws, race, white and black paranoia, neighborhood watch behavior and legal boundaries, among others.
I think the problem with the privatization of everything applies, more aptly, to the presence of gated communities. These should not be permitted by municipal by-laws as nothing breaks down community like a gated community. That, more than any other created social entity, "others" the broader community.
The concept of neighbourhood watch is not a bad concept and I do not think it necessarily means that we "other" all kinds of people. We do not have one where I live now but I did when I lived in the country (unorganized township). It was good as I could tell my watch when I was away and she would keep an eye on my place when I was gone. She did not patrol but at least if my place was broken into (as it was once), she was empowered to call the police and take care of things in my absence.
I watched a bit of the trial towards the end and listened carefully to the jury instructions. I think the jury followed their instructions to the letter. They arrived at, what i see, as the only legal judgement that applied; namely not guilty. There simply was no way that the state could prove that Zimmerman did not act in self defence beyond a reasonable doubt.
That does not mean that he is blameless and that he does not have some accountability. On the other hand, it seems pretty clear that he was physically struck and repeatedly hit on the ground and acted in self defence. You can go around and around the issue of following and instigation but it is at least reasonably doubtful that Zimmerman began the fight.
This case is not a good one to hang issues of gun control (I am totally in favour of restriction of handguns). It was a tragedy, and an avoidable one for sure.
I would bet that 90 percent of people, including me, do not even have a clue of what stand your ground even means. It wasn't a part of this trial and was not part of the defense. The defense was self defence.
I do know this much by working closely in the justice system for some years. The vast, vast majority of people in criminal court are lower income minorities. Drugs and alchol are waaaay more associated with criminal behaviour. A lot of mental health issues, social disorganization.
If you want to prevent criminal behaviour address income inequality, improve access for educational opportunities, create jobs,and safe affordable housing.
It sounds like Zimmerman wanted a safer community but there are better ways of going about it than the way he did. However, he is not a criminal and did not act criminally. Unwisely but not criminally.
The takeaway from this is that we should all be part of one community and the good Samaritan is a good gospel that should guide us. We need to educate people on how to achieve that safe community for all. Based on my experience, I tend to zero in on the social and economic issues as that is what is most obvious to me.
The verdict hinged on witnesses differing on who screamed a high pitch call for "help". Would a man packing a 9mm gun scream for help?? not at all believable.
The verdict hinged on more than that. The jury could reconstruct likelihood based not only on conflicting reports of who was on top but my the physical evidence of the clothes. it was raining that night and they were on the grass. Therefore, Martin's hoodie should have had stains and been wet, the back of his jeans stained and wet. They were not.
Zimmerman had visible lacerations on the back of his head and his nose was bleeding.The martial arts trainer said that he would only let George shadow box and rated him a 1 out of a 10 on physical ability.
An eye witness saw Martin on top in a "ground and pound" position.
it is beyond a reasonable doubt that Martin was on top and George screaming for help! But at a bare minimum, if it cannot be proved conclusively, in the judicial system the doubt, under law, must go to the defendant.
At any rate the six jurors apparently paid close attention to all the testimony, took notes, even asked for inventory of evidence. They were sequestered and had only this for three entire weeks. Plus meticulously went through every single piece of evidence and applied the instructions they were given.
A step farther--Before 9/11 multinationals were able to evade sovereignty with their economic power and shop for favorable jurisdictions, sometimes able to order jurisdictions made-to-fit (American firms do this routinely among states); the real danger of 9/11 was that technology proved non-state actors capable of waging war, and the U.S. dignified that claim by elevating a band of thugs to the status of an enemy; a widespread political movement inside the United States is based on the idea that government, itself, is both (strangely) incompetent and dangerous, undermining the authority of institutions, and; Edward Snowden substitutes his individual judgment for the elected government, exposing a lawful program, and countless people on both sides of the spectrum hail him as a hero of concience.
I would suggest that privatization is a symptom. The deeper problem is that a long, slow erosion of sovereignty's legitimacy is reaching a tipping point in many places, on many levels. The idea of the authority of government has become suspect almost everywhere. It is, in many ways, exactly what Hobbes feared most.
Since George Zimmerman did not testify (which is his right) the only self-defense "defense" was made by witnesses who did not see the whole thing, and by "experts" who testified about various related matters. Phone messages, Zimmerman's head wounds, Martin's sweat shirt and the position of Zimmerman's gun when it went off--all of them presented ambiguous "facts" to the jury. Zimmerman got the benefit of the doubt (which is his right) with a vengence.
We cannot know how thoroughly the jury actually went into matters. We must accept their judgment that the prosecution did not make its case; there was reasonable doubt about the facts.
The bigger picture here is as many here have described or suggested--Hobbesian. Stephen Milles puts the matter in the realm of the political and the question of sovereign authority. The idea that a self-appointed guard, George Zimmerman, can drive around his neighborhood and confront anyone (against the advice of the police) while carrying a loaded gun seems like out and out vigilantism. We are going to see more of this. That is one unfortunate outcome of the "not guilty" verdict.
I agree with the original post: We are no longer in a Lockean state of nature (if we ever were), but the laws of Florida, and other states influenced by the Randian or Kochian weltanschauung, assume we are. The point about "stand your ground:" is not that the law was invoked by Zimmerman; it wasn't, But "stand your ground" also eliminated the common law requirement that, in a threatening situation, a person has a duty to flee first and to fight only if he has to. It changed the rules of self-defense. Instead of defusing confrontations, we are now encouraged to win them. (That is what makes champions.)
If the duty to flee had been present, the actions of both Zimmerman and Martin would look different. Zimmerman, in getting out of his car would have been wrong, not performing the neutral act of walking around where he had a right to be, and Martin, in confronting him (if he did), would have been wrong. as well. The case would have been argued differently, but it still would not have been a slam dunk either way. In such a case, presumably the default judgment would be invoked, and the white guy would have won.
In my county, neighborhood watch volunteers are told not to carry their guns, although I would not bet that all don't.
Which gets back to the main point of this post. It is not by happenstance that "It's not all about you" has become a catchphrase in civil society. In far too many areas of life far too many people are sure it is indeed all about them, and tough on you.
Another opinion heatedly stated: http://www.politicususa.com/2013/07/13/trayvon-martins-killer-walks-killing-black-committed-crime-a-ok-florida.html
Following on Tom Blackburn: Here is a graph from Lizette Alvarez's report on the self-defense rules invoked in the Zimmerman trial: "From the start, prosecutors faced a difficult case — weak on evidence and long on outrage. Mr. Zimmerman had the power of self-defense laws on his side, and was helped by a spotty police investigation and prosecutorial missteps. The initial investigation foundered when the local prosecutor balked at bringing charges, convinced that overcoming the self-defense claims would prove impossible." Read on.
She also did a good story on race, an element in the story but not in the trial.
Just to throw in another point.... I have not completely reconciled myself to the jury system that now allows six rather than 12 members. I assume the lawyers obviously agreed or that that perhaps is the standard now and that all the jurors had to be accepted by both, but I would have felt better had it contained a couple of men among 1 jurors... and I still can't understand why his getting out of the car and somehow conronting him (or even being attacked by him as he claimed) doesn't change the culpability... but that was not the point, I know...
From the jury instructions:
If George Zimmerman was not engaged in an unlawful activity and was attacked in any place where he had a right to be, he had no duty to retreat and had the right to stand his ground and meet force with force, including deadly force if he reasonably believed that it was necessary to do so to prevent death or great bodily harm to himself or another or to prevent the commission of a forcible felony.
Stand your ground was relevant because it eliminated any need for Zimmerman to justify not leaving. The case probably wouldn't have resulted differently if that hadn't been the law, but the law did make the case easier for the defense. Stand Your Ground laws allow Zimmerman to participate in a fight and kill the other person as long as no one can prove that he committed a crime before the fight started.
So... one can be (secretly) armed and wander around a neighborhood after explicit, non-binding instructions not to engage or to stay in the car and, if a fight is provoked (in some unclear manner) and he can "show" some injury or threat, deadly force is licit...
"Kochian Weltanachauung"? I haven't heard rapping like that in over forty years.
Macpherson's idea of "possessive individualism" is described as the "conception of an individual as essentially the proprietor of his own person or capacities, owing nothing to society for them. The individual was seen neither as a moral whole, nor as part of a larger social whole, but as an owner of himself." Thus, the right to bear arms is not attached to specified social duties or responsibilities. Robert's original post rightly points to a differntiation between enemy and criminal - this is why police departments generally favor strong gun restrictions, because as a society, we cannot walk around imagining others as enemies. Yet, besides race, there are a couple points of the case worthy of comment that seem to be lost in the verdict. First, Zimmerman was not protecting his own house - interestingly, as a neighborhood watch volunteer, he was doing something we generally encourage, a social duty. A big problem in this case is the ill-defined nature of neighborhood watch programs (and the question of carrying loaded weapons when serving as one). I would hope that neighborhood watch programs could be better regulated and guided so that they serve their purpose. Second, as a part of this neighborhood watch guidance, it seems clear that whatever actually happened, there was unnecessary conflict escalation here. Everyone seems to agree that Trayvon Martin was not engaged in any criminal activity, and yet there also seems to be clear evidence that a physical fight ensued. It is truly sad that neither man seemed able to de-escalate a conflict under these circumstances.
I am told that Zimmerman was not tried under Florida's "stand your ground" legislation, but the common law self-defense tradition, which allows him to defend himself. But if I heard this right, that would have required Zimmerman to back off unless he was under imminent threat of death. Lawyers: Is that correct?
As to neighborhood watch programs: Do they have liability for their volunteers? Somewhere in the mediamania coverage, I have read that someone (Martin's parents?) have brought a suit against the gated community. Have no idea if that is true. In our lawyer-laden land, I wouldn't be surprised. But curious about whether such watch programs have rules, whether they vet their volunteers, whether they actually allow what seems to have been a free-lance patrol on Zimmerman's part.
Fortunately in New York, there is the police and what I would call the "busybody" watch, just anybody telling people to pick up after their dog, etc.
one can be (secretly) armed and wander around a neighborhood after explicit, non-binding instructions not to engage or to stay in the car
if a fight is provoked (in some unclear manner) and he can "show" some injury or threat, deadly force is licit -
I have no idea why states pass concealed weapon carry permits (Minnesota, where my mother and two brothers, just south of me has that law. But, yeah, it is lawful. Take it up with the state legislature. I would.
As for the staying in car, that is conflicting. According to an interview with Hannity aired last night, Zimmerman called the non-emergency number and was already walking and giving directions at the time that feedback from dispatcher was given. As soon as the dispatcher said that police were on their way, he doubled back to his car and was on his way back when he was confronted by Martin.
In the closing, the lawyer paused for four whole minutes, the time that Martin could have been heading to his dad's girlfriend or his friend which was only a minimum of a minute away. While that was a trick, it really showed how long four minutes really is. I am not blaming the victim really but there were conscious choices made by both parties in this awful situation.
Appartently, the law says that you do not have to show injury only that it is resonable for you to have feared for your safety.
The interesting aspect of this case is that the more you look closely at the actual evidence and piece it together, the more favourable it appears to Zimmerman.
That said, this is just a human tragedy but there are no cardboard villains or heros (except for the jury IMHO who followed and applied the law dispassionately)
In Monday morning quarter-backing and without hearing from the jury, I want to suggest a thought that I sounds sexist but I think that another could be made if it were an all male jury that might be equally objectionable and that an all male jury would have as significant, but different liabilites. This is does not suggest that women are less rational than men about this issue and indeed men have their own demons of aggressiveness and inherent "stand your ground" macho dispositions (whether formally cited or not!).
One could make the case that the all woman jury might have felt more maternal (although I don't know ages or maternal status) and therefore inclined to sympathy for Trayvon, I believe that there may have been a deeper disposition accentuated by the defense that played upon that fear of assault and a "what would you do to defend yourself" that may have resonated more with this jury in terms of vulnerability as they were spun the tale of Zimmerman being "attacked" by Martin and could easily imagine a fear based action in that situation. I realize this is a gender oriented argument and that the lawyers and jury experts may declare this way off base and I'd accept that, but it is a thought I've had for these weeks...
That is one reason why i wish there had been a mixed gender jury to sort through some of that and not to allow the lawyers to play simply on that fear.
DP: The very thought that has coursed through my mind. The jury was all to able to imagine the anxiety of George Zimmerman, and dismiss the anxiety/fear/anger of Trayvon Martin. That Martin was black and a teenager might have increased their sympathy for Zimmerman. I was surprised that the jury was all women and all white. Another misstep by the prosecutors.
Here is a thought experiment: What if Martin had been white and Zimmerman (who is "white" in the mediamania) was labeled as "brown," Hispanic, namely "other." Would there have been a very different reaction from the beginning, the police, the prosecutors, etc. I hate to think so, but I do.
Ms. Steinfels - another approach to jury selection is that the prosecution was hoping that the reality that 5 of the 6 women were mothers might have tipped the *emotional* struggle towards Trayvon Martin - mothers defending/protecting their teenagers.
Have to say - between the Florida *stand your ground* law and self-defense ambiguities, this jury probably landed on the fact that there was too much reasonable doubt, period.
As to maternal Instincts of the women jurors:
Do we expect white women to have have compassion for a black teenage youth? I don't think so - not in our society.
It seems to me that this is the crucial issue that convinced the jurors:
Zimmerman did not take the stand where he would be cross-examined, but the jury did see an animated reenactment of what happened. Although I was not able to see that video, it would not surprise me if it was based on the widely circulated video of Zimmerman's version of the event as described to the police.
Take a look:
Trayvon Martin and the Irony of American Justice, by Ta-Nehisi Coates
I read that the relevant information for the defense was not gender but whether these women were either gun owners or lived in a home with a gun. They all were. Consequently, the initial strangeness that many (me included) would feel of someone having or carrying around a handgun who is not a police officer would not be in their horizon. It would seem "normal".
But back to the issue at hand. The district attorney (analagous to the Crown in the Cdn, and British system?) is supposed to represent the people and the interests of the public. They are given wide and sweeping power of enforcement and safety. But they are only supposed to bring cases forward that can be proved beyond a reasonable doubt. They too have their responsibility and if there is not sufficient evidence to make a conviction likely (and given all the information they had, including information not included at trial), they should not press charges because look at the impact when they get it wrong.
5 of the jurors were "white" and 1 was "hispanic." Whether the 2 terms are inclusive or contradictory depends on .....
This paragon of virtuous reporting thought that this composition was "dangerous": http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2013/06/21/zimmerman-jury-homogeneous-dangerous/
The word from Germany. Many of the commenters take umbrage with the reporting, however:
World from Berlin: 'Trayvon Martin Will Happen Again and Again'
One juror already has a book deal w/husband help.... that's the ticket to the American Dream land.
I think that it should be illegal for jurors or attorneys involved in any particular case to profit financially from their involvement, i.e., no book deals.
The reaction (and "reaction" it is) seems to overlook two factors, namely, the presumption of innocence and a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Given that the jury had virtually nothing with which to work, I think the verdict was correct. I support private *and responsible* gun ownership as well as the right to *responsible* self-defense. I don't think race was ultimately an issue in the jury room although subsequent revelations might suggest otherwise. This case was truly one of "Damned if you do, damned if you don't". There were no real winners here.
Both sides, prosecution and defense, selected the jury and each were pleased with the selection. Every commentator that was in the court room for the trial, praised the jury for being highly attentive, taking copious notes and deliberating on the evidence.
Let's consider other important issues:
1. The media, including Rev. Sharpton and others, made a rush to judgment before the evidence was known. This was clearly biased against Mr. Zimmerman.
2. The Governor did not allow the county district attorney to try the case, but selected an independent prosecutor (another district attorney in Florida). She not only by-passed the grand jury that was scheduled to hear the case, but withheld evidence from the defense. This fact of wihholding evidence was only made public by a whistle blower, who was then fired by the state's attorney. More will come of this.
3. Had Florida not had stand your ground, this incident might have been avoided. However, it was clear that Trayvon Martin started the fight, almost broke Mr. Zimmerman's noise, and got on top of him in a ground and pound position. It might not have been possible for Mr. Zimmerman to back away or take flight to avoid this incident. We will never know the real circumstances. However, this was not a case about stand your ground, but about self-defense.
There are many unawered questions in this case, but based on the evidence, the jury reached the only decision that was reasonable.
4. If the Federal Government brings civil rights charges against Mr. Zimmerman, they will have a tough hill to climb to prove based on a preponderance of the evidence that Mr. Zimmerman committed a hate crime.
Re: #3...
Where is it "clear that Trayvon Martin started the fight"?
Having witnessd many "fights" between my teens, I often cannot exactly pinpoint who "started" it and I'm an eyewitness!
Was it a dirty look? a gesture? name calling? A threat? A blocked sidewalk? How do you know, Michael, what "started" it and that Trayvon did whatever it was?
Nobody will know but....I think it is more likely that Trayvon threw the first punch. Granted, that is different than starting the fight. And it is likely that the scenario, in that specific instance, played out like Zimmerman said. However, more broadly, Zimmerman started the fight by getting out of his car and following. This put Trayvon in high alert mode and as far as the flight or fight response, Martin was more on the fight side.
Trying to fit those (presumed if you are a juror) set of facts into the law is difficult and it appears that the law tends to favour Zimmerman's claim of self defence.
George D. --
What was 'more likely" is the problem. What was the probability that Zimmerman was motivated by racism strong enough to cause him to want to kill a black man? What was the evidence? Did Martin probably start the fight? What was the evidence? Did Zimmerman probably pull his gun before Martin (probably?) attacked him? What was the evidence? Was Zimmerman probably fearing for his life? What was the evidence? I don't think that any of these questions have very probable answers.
It seems to me that with so little evidence in this case that the jury had to decide what the preponderance of evidence was -- in other words they had to add up the probabilities. But those crucial questions above had little to support any probabilities either way. In other words, there was no convergence of strong probabilities, and the law requires that the probability be strong (no reasonable doubt) in a murder case. My understanding of reasonable doubt might be in error, but I see it as requiring that there is a strong probability, not just a weak probability, that the the accused actually did it.
<i><b>it represents nothing more than the forward march of the privatization of everything.</b></i>
As opposed to the forward march of the government controlling everything. I vote for the privatization.
Hey! What happened to the italicization ability? Is there something we should know?
George D.
Your own words are that Zimmerman MAY have done "something" that MAY have caused Trayvon to stand and fight -first punch (if there was one) or not...That means that Zimmerman MAY have "started" the fight. He obviously STARTED the whole provocation in getting out of his car...
NYT Op-ed worth reading... reminds me some of Grisham's provocative "A Time to Die" when the lawyer ends his summation with "...and imagine that she is white."
Why does it matter who started the fight? Martin had the right to stand his ground if he reasonably feared for his life. After the fact, we can say such fear was justified even if we do not know why Martin may have felt that way. He was within his rights if he shot Zimmerman, punched him, hit him against a concrete sidewalk, etc.
The problem is systemic. Neither man was guilty of breaking the law. The law allows, even promotes, confrontations like this. Zimmerman know has to be afraid of vigilantes following him, as his brother apparently has said. So does everyone else in Florida.
A link to David Paskinski's reference: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/16/opinion/the-truth-about-trayvon.html?hp
But it doesn't help that Al Sharpton appears to be organizing the troops, at least in the media.
Rather than looking for vengeance on one hand and vindication on the ohter, it would be better if everyone involved sought forgiveness.
Yes. However, remember that we are dealing with the specific and technicalities of the law that needs to be applied. Listen or read the whole jury instructions. Zimmerman did not do anything illegal by following or watching him. Nor is there evidence that he provoked it and yes, I find Zimmerman's account credible. One, becasue Trayvon did have time to run home and get out of the situation, stand your ground notwithstanding. It is a pretty reasonable inference that Zimmerman was on the ground (and you are obliged to give him the benefit of the doubt).
I am not saying that Zimmerman is blameless.
At any rate, a jury decided. Iuro locuta est, causa finita est..
I don't think that any of these questions have very probable answers
I think that if you were a juror and poured over the whole testimony and were charged with having to reconstruct events and finding facts. You would be forced to make reasonable inferences based on the testimony and evidence. I won't go through each of your items line by line and I did not watch the whole thing gavel to gavel. My sense is just based on the closing and watching some of it, there are certain elements that can be reasonably inferenced. At a minimum, there is obviously reasonable doubt and i just do not see how anybody could overcome that standard in a case such as this.
As I said, I do not think Zimmerman is blameless or "innocent" as the defence claims.
People should be challenging this in constructive ways. For me, the issue is not stand your ground but the whole concealed carry permits. I think all of those laws should be abolished. I do believe that this gave Zimmerman false bravado. Guns are very, very dangerous and need to be treated with respect not appendages to make one feel safe. Tragic and fatal accidents are more likely to occur as a result. QED
George D
I appreciate the constraints of the law and that "the law is an ass."
I agree that with the testimony and instruction given and the current laws, there was little choice but to assume "innocent until PROVEN guilty." And he was proven such beyond some doubt - reasonable or no.
But George Zimmerman is more than "not blameless" in my mind. In any reasonable world, he PROVOKED this incident -- even if he was assualted, which I am not willing to concede.
However, as you say, the jury has spoken
But how to address that, how that should be treated, and how one goes on speaking about these issues especially among black youth is a challenge that curently appears beyond us all...
I think it is instructive here to do a little thought experiment. Imagine that Trayvon Martin was ALSO carrying a concealed gun. If he had seen George Zimmerman "stalking" him, and shot Mr. Zimmerman dead, he could have used the exact same defense that George Zimmerman did--he felt threatened (by a man with a gun) and fired in self-defense.
In that case the jury, under the current law, would have been required to find Trayvon Martin not guilty.
Now, I'm not going into the question of whether or not racial bias plyed into the juriy's decision. It might have, but it was not necessary. The law is pretty clear. The person who shoots first gets the benefit of the legal doubt. And that is the REAL problem here.
Sorry for the double ppost and crucial word deletion that Zimmerman was NOT proved guilty "beyond reasonable doubt" given the state of the interpretation odf self-defense. As many seem to agree, not to "proven guilty" is far from not being blameless or smewhat (and I'd say a good deal) responsible.
I find the suggestion that Trayvon should have run home is blaming the victim when he "standing his ground" or whatever a teenage boy might do if he thought someone was stalking him -- whether or not it was wise or not, aggressive or not. Of course, he could have (should have???) fled - and who says he did not -- George Zimmerman?
George D. --
My point was that when you carefully combine the probabilities established by the evidence, you still do not come up with a convergence of probabilities that Zimmerman *very* probably did it I think it has been establised that he is *possibly* guilty, not that he is very probably guilty.
As I understand common law, the burden of proof in a murder trial is much more stringent than in other sorts of trials. In a murder trial the burden of proof is on the prosecutor, and it requires not simply an over-50% probability, but, rather it requires a *strong* probability that the accused is guilty. Yes, this implies that sometimes some murderers will probably be aquited.
But the whole point of the stiff burden of proof requirement is to protect those who are accused but innocent. It is to prevent the innocent from being convicted because of unlucky circumstances. Some call this a "technicality" because it makes some fine distinctions. But I say it is one of the pillars of common law -- to protect the innocent.
Yes, that is exactly correct or how I read the law as it is presented. Trayvon had a reasonable fear for his safety.
Whether that would have happened in reality is the debate and I suspect Trayvon would not have been given the benefit of the doubt. Sad, but that is my view.
But in principle, you are correct. Reality is a different story and that is why I totally understand the frustration of so many people.
About the Author
Robert Geroux is a political theorist.


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The town of Romans, known as the « luxury footwear capital » is renowned for its expertise in shoemaking and its long tradition in leather working. But this ancient Roman city also harbours an exceptional architectural heritage worth discovering. Its ancient mansions, the Saint Barnard collegiate church and its international footwear museum will take you back in time. With a blend of cultural visits, brand-goods shopping and natural surroundings, Romans offers numerous possibilities all year round for discovering the local expertise and special foods, taking part in many leisure pursuits and organised activities.
Taste the raviolis, the «pognes» and other local produce at the Sunday market together with the habitués of the town. Relax at the fishing ponds, go trekking around the Vercors mountains, cycle along the green bike trails or even take your first flight in a light aircraft … the town and its surroundings offer a whole palette of activities to plan during your stay! Shopping trip with your girlfriends? Romantic weekend in a charming B&B? Or a gastronomic interlude with friends? Choose Romans-sur-Isère for a break and you will have an unforgettable memory of the way of life in the heart of the Drôme region.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Artichoke Basille Duo Talks New TV Show, 'Pizza Cuz'
Artichoke co-owners (and cousins) Francis Garcia and Sal Basille are embarking on a new joint venture. You'll be able to catch the duo tonight on their brand new Cooking Channel show, Pizza Cuz. The premise? Two men, six episodes, and one epic journey to sample some of the best slices this country has to offer. We took some time to chat with them about the show before tonight's premiere. More


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Updated August 23:
Ronn Moss spoke out to his fans regarding his exit in an interview with Entertainment Weekly. He summed up decision to leave as a "rebirth," and explained he was following certain signs in his life that were leading him in a different direction, one being the recent car wreck he and his wife were involved in. Ronn also expressed a desire to work with Katherine Kelly-Lang (Brooke) outside of "B&B."
Updated August 14:
Moss's final airdate as Ridge Forrester on "B&B" will be Friday September 14.
Updated August 13:
Moss reached out to fans through his Facebook page with regard to his exit. He stated, "I want to make sure, without any doubt, that you guys all know how much I love you. Your support during this time and hopefully beyond is everything. I can't say anything yet, but soon will explain. Hang in there with me. We have a wonderful new journey ahead of us. Try and not be sad, angry, disappointed. It's been a great run and all good things end eventually. As this door closes, others are opening. I want you all to come with me through these new doors of opportunities and experience how cool it's going to be. Have faith, be strong. Know I'm eternally yours."
Original article August 12:
After 25 years with "The Bold and the Beautiful" as Ridge Forrester, actor Ronn Moss will be leaving the show, according to Entertainment Weekly. Moss, who is one of the four original cast members on "B&B," didn't provide a statement, but an insider told EW that Moss chose not to renew his contract over a "salary issue." A representative of Bell-Phillip Television said, "Ronn has spent an amazing 25 years with 'B&B'. We will always consider him family, and we wish him only the best in all of his future endeavors."
Moss's final scenes will be taped on Tuesday August 14, with his last episode airing in September.
Soaps.com wishes Moss all the best.
How should 'Ridge' be written off "B&B?" Let us know your opinion by voting in the snap poll below.
Read the latest reality TV casting calls through Reality TV Rush, and don't forget to read my Pretty Little Liars recaps each week.
Join us on Twitter @soapoperafan and Facebook. Come tweet and Facebook with us about "The Bold And The Beautiful," all the other soap operas, "Dallas," "Glee," "Grey's Anatomy," "Vampire Diaries," and "Venice The Series."
- Candace Young


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7-11 ;-)
AT&T, Verizon stores to start selling iPad on October 28
AT&T and Verizon Wireless stores are going to start selling the iPad on October 28. Verizon will be selling the Wi-Fi only iPad, but bundling it with their Mi-Fi mobile hotspot service.
The cost for iPad Wi-Fi + Mi-Fi on Verizon will be $630, $730, and $830, plus a no-contract $20 for 1GB on the Mi-Fi EVDO data.
"This is the perfect pairing for holiday travels," said John Stratton, chief operating officer for Verizon Wireless. "iPad together with the nation's largest and most reliable 3G data network allows customers to easily connect on the go wherever they are."
"We're thrilled to be working with Verizon Wireless to get iPad into the hands of even more customers this holiday season," said Tim Cook, Apple's COO. "iPad allows users to connect with their apps and content in a more intimate, intuitive and fun way than ever before, and together with Verizon Wireless we're offering an easy way to stay connected wherever you go."
AT&T will be offering the iPad Wi-Fi + 3G at regular prices and under the existing plans.
"We can't wait to showcase the amazing features of iPad Wi-Fi + 3G in our stores across the country just in time for the holidays," said Glenn Lurie, AT&T President of Emerging Devices, Resale and Partnerships, AT&T Mobility and Consumer Markets. "With our breakthrough iPad data plans starting at just $14.99 and access to AT&T Wi-Fi Hot Spots around the country at no extra cost, our customers will have the best of both worlds."
"We look forward to expanding the reach of iPad, allowing even more customers to experience the magic of iPad for themselves," said Tim Cook, Apple's COO. "As we approach the holiday season, we are very happy that customers will now be able to buy iPad Wi-Fi + 3G at AT&T Stores."
Apple's holiday iPad retail onslaught is coming so fast and so furious that I'm literally running out of jokes to make about where we'll see it next... though I am about to set up a lemonade and iPad stand on the corner...
Anyone going to take Verizon up on their iPad + Mi-Fi?
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Reader comments
AT&T, Verizon stores to start selling iPad on October 28
Hmmm. I have to carry two separate devices if I want to use Verizon's network? Dumb. However selling their product with Verizon is rather interesting.
That's bonkers. I'm really shocked by this. I think the clear take-away is that Big Red and Apple are learning to play nice.
Verizon data pricing is really disappointing, although not surprising. They've stated that "we value our data differently than AT&T", and we'd be foolish to think they thought their bits were less valuable than others' bits. No, data pricing is going to get worse and worse.
@Chris. Yes I have used them and seen them. I just don't want to carry extra things to make it work on Verizon.
My thoughts exactly, West. When I started doing the power calcs, it seemed as if you'd end up with about 30 - 40% battery remaining on the iPad with a dead MiFi. Granted, with only 1GB of data, you'd probably run dry at about 50% battery on your iPad, but that's besides the point.
Overall, a solid move for Apple, mediocre move for Verizon, and neutral at best for AT&T.
Actually, the pricing is interesting..
AT&T: $15 for 250MB, $25 for 2GB - if you go over, it just renews again
Verizon: $20 for 1GB, $35 for 3GB or $50 for 5GB - in Verizon's case, there is an overage charge per GB, but it is equal to (or slightly less than) the average rate per GB for each corresponding monthly plan.
My take on it is that while they don't match the $15 entry plan, they're probably thinking "what good is just 250MB on a device like this" -
So... If you're going to use 250MB or less, AT&T wins. Then up to 1GB, Verizon. Up to 2GB AT&T again. Anything beyond that Verizon. If you're a heavy user, Verizon plans work best - for everyone else, not sure one is truly better, they're just different.
I'm intrigued by this package since it also gives me a usable MiFi for other devices (whereas the AT&T deal locks you to just the device). Also - I can upgrade either the iPad OR the MiFi in the future without having to incur the heavier cost of the integrated device. Finally... the MiFi is TINY!!!
I don't know if I'd want to bring other crap with me just to use my iPad. I hate even having my keys in my pocket, let alone a MiFi thing.
If you currently have an iPad or any wifi device you can do the Verizon MiFi plan right now, but it seems they will have special pricing for the iPad and MiFi 2200 Intelligent Mobile Hotspot combo.
The MiFi 2200 Intelligent Mobile Hotspot costs $269.99 without a contract. Free with a two year contract. It is unclear if the pricing will change with the iPad combo, the data plan is much cheaper than what they are currently offering.
It looks like AT&T wins because you don't have to buy the Hotspot, unless you need find hooking up multiple devices useful.
Or jailbreak and use MyWi.
I took my iPad 3G on a trip recently and never got near the 250MB limit. The difference is streaming. If you load up some books, movies and music in advance, and only use the 3G for email and web browsing, it's a very nice traveling device. But if you think you can't live without streaming it will be more expensive and less reliable either way. Frankly, I don't understand the need to tax one's patience, battery, and wallet with streaming over 3G.
Since I already own an iPad Wi-Fi, I could see myself getting the $20 deal (If they make it available to current owners). I'd simply clip it to my belt. Not ideal, but perfectly workable. I'd just keep it away from vital organs. Don't want my innards getting nuked. LOL
I've been using this bundle since the release of the iPad. I also use the MiFi for the iPhone when out and about (till ATT gets 3G in New Mexico's State capital,) for the laptop when needed, and for the whole house (up to 5 machines) when the Internet is down. I love the MiFi. Lasts a good 4-6 hours on a charge, no more Boingo or hotel Internet charges or headaches, and the network is way reliable. Also, on usage with the iPad, the most I have ever been able to use is 450M in a day, and that was just streaming YouTube and ABC for hours. Granted, the 250M plan is worthless to me, but I've got the 5G, and for anyone that runs their own business, this is clearly worth it. Now that they are getting new plans, I might be able to downgrade to one that actually fits my needs, which is about 2-3 G/mo. I say cool!
I just looked at Verizon's normal mobile broadband site and you can get a MiFi for Free on a new contract. I doubt I'm going to run to the VZW store in 2 weeks for this.
Yes, AZMerf, they are basically charging $130 for the MiFi to get the benefit of a $20/1GB plan.
I have a MiFi that my work provides to me that I use with the iPad because AT&T in Iowa sucks!
What, no love for Sprint? Makes me wonder if selling the iPads is part of the Verizon iPhone deal.
@Ron (post 23) - $20 for 1MB is only one of the options. Another way to look at it is if you are going to be a heavy MiFi user (not necessarily from the iPad), you could get the device for free and pay $60/month for 5GB on a 2 year contract... Or pay $130 (as the add-on to the iPad) and get the same 5GB for $50/month (per the FAQ on the Verizon site) and no contract. Not a bad deal.
To everyone who is heralding this as evidence that Apple and Verizon reached an agreement - all that Verizon really did was agree to carry the same WiFi devices being sold by other stores at the exact same price. The $130 MiFi promotion and the no-contract pricing seems to be Verizon on its own trying to keep people away from AT&T.
Another way to go is to buy the Virgin Mobile MiFi 2200 - Walmart sells it for $130 (that price starting to sound familiar) and get unlimited for $40/month, no contract. For anyone looking to do heavy streaming and who missed the unlimited data deal when the iPad came out, this may be the winner solution.
Sunset Island Music is pleased to announce that it has opened a site called Sunset Island Solar.www.sunsetislandsolar.com
Sunset Island Solar was started to encourage environmental responsibility and believing very strongly that there must be a way to power small, hand held electrical devices in a safe, earth friendly and affordable way that the world could use in a simple form.
We are currently offering a solar phone charger for the IPhone 1-2 3 & 4G that slips onto the phone and is a Solar Charger, A Back Up Battery and a Protective Case all-in-one!
We also are offering a Solar Key Chain charger that fits most cell phones, PDA's and cameras.
Please, THINK GREEN and help save our planet.
After all, it's the only we've go


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When a product doesn't have many users, it's easy to add new features, even if they're still experimental. But how can you test new features in popular services like Gmail, Google Docs or Blogger? One solution is to launch a labs section with experimental features that can be enabled by early adopters.
Google Maps is the latest Google service that adds a labs section with cool features that aren't ready for prime time. As Google says, the features "may change, break or disappear at any time".
The most interesting feature available in Gmail Maps Labs is aerial imagery, which shows a "rotatable, high-resolution overhead imagery presented in a new perspective". Unfortunately, the aerial view is only available in a few locations from the US, including Googleplex.
"This new perspective gives users the ability to tilt their view of the world. In addition to seeing hotel rooftops like in our current "satellite" view, users can now see both the rooftop and sides of the hotel at an angle. In fact, users can rotate around all the sides of a hotel to get 4 different views from back to front," explained Google in a post from December.
Another great feature is drag&zoom, which lets you select a part of the map before zooming. This way, the results are more precise and if you don't have to constantly click on the map to find a location.
Did you know that you can search for * and Google Maps shows the top results from the current view? If you don't want to remember this trick, enable the "What's around here" option and Google Maps will add a new button that searches for *.
If you want to find the latitude and longitude of a point using Google Maps, enable "LatLng Marker", right click on a location and select "Drop LatLng Marker". If you use this feature a lot, you should enable a more advanced option that shows the latitude and longitude in a tooltip.
{ Thanks, Pascal. }
February 12, 2010
Google Maps Labs
This blog is not affiliated with Google.


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Kepler-452b revolves around a sun much like our own.
Mind the Clock
September 1, 2013|
Many of the body's tissues can tell time, and these peripheral clocks can be influenced by environmental cues, such as the timing of food consumption.
September 1, 2013|
Many of the body's tissues can tell time, and these peripheral clocks can be influenced by environmental cues, such as the timing of food consumption.
May 1, 2013|
Desulfobulbaceae bacteria were recently discovered to form centimeter-long cables, containing thousands of cells that share an outer membrane.
May 1, 2013|
Shewanella bacteria generate energy for survival by transporting electrons to nearby mineral surfaces.
March 2, 2013|
The method to the dengue virus's maddening infectiousness.
January 1, 2013|
There's a lot more than dirt to the soil in which plants grow.
December 6, 2012|
Insulin, long recognized as a primary regulator of blood glucose, is now also understood to play key roles in neuroplasticity, neuromodulation, and neurotrophism.
July 1, 2012|
Present in every tissue of the body, ubiquitin appears to be involved in a dizzying array of functions, from cell cycle and division to organelle and ribosome biogenesis, as well as the response to viral infection. The protein plays at least two role
July 1, 2012|
Despite its discovery as a protein that seems to show up everywhere, at least in eukaryotic cells, researchers are only beginning to scratch the surface of all of the cellular functions involving ubiquitin.
May 1, 2012|
Telomeres are repetitive, noncoding sequences that cap the ends of linear chromosomes. They consist of hexameric nucleotide sequences (TTAGGG in humans) repeated hundreds to thousands of times.
February 1, 2012|
There are five steps of autophagosome biogenesis: induction, expansion, vesicle completion, fusion, and cargo degradation.


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United Paramount Network (UPN) has contracted with Producer/Director Todd McFarlane, creator of Spawn, and Los Angeles-based Todd McFarlane Entertainment to create a still-untitled live-action, sci-fi drama featuring monsters, gorillas and man.
McFarlane created the program and will serve as the executive producer and co-writer. TME President Terry Fitzgerald is the co-executive producer, and Steve Niles is the co-writer. "We've created a drama with cutting-edge visuals where we intend to keep the viewer on the edge of his seat," said McFarlane.
Fitzgerald said, "We are pleased to be working with the young and hard-charging UPN network. TME develops projects for a certain demographic/attitude and together we will make sure all other networks sit up and take notice."
UPN Entertainment president Tom Nunan said his primary interest is to get into business with Todd McFarlane. "I think this is going to be one of the most original shows produced for next season," Nunan said.


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Friday, July 25, 2014
Four men face charges of attempted murder after a July 24 early morning home invasion burglary in Harleyville that resulted in a high speed chase and shots fired.
Michael Jamison, 35, of New York, Jesswill Simmons, 30, of Moncks Corner, Justin Simmons, 40, of Moncks Corner and Claunce Mazyck, 39, of Charleston are all charged with attempted murder, Dorchester County Sheriff's Office Chief Deputy Sam Richardson said Friday.
All were denied bond, Richardson said.
He also said more charges are pending.
A sheriff's office incident report released Wednesday said deputies responded to a call about a burglary in progress at a home at 124 Hilton Street in Harleyville.
The complainant told deputies he heard someone knocking at the door, and when he went to open it saw three unknown black males standing there. One pulled the door open and the complainant ran for a back bedroom. The complainant said he heard a gunshot as he ran.
The complainant said he tried to shut the bedroom door but one of the subjects yanked it open, threatened him with a gun, and demanded money. When the complainant said he didn't have any money, the subject pistol whipped him; the complainant was able to block a blow to his head with his hand, he said.
The complainant then gave the subject $200 and his cell phone and the subjects left the premises.
While this was occurring, the complainant's wife said she saw one of the subjects put a gun to her son's head and force him into the master bathroom.
The complainant said when the subjects left the house he went to the door to try to get a description of them and their vehicle. One of them fired a shot at him as they got into their vehicle, a white Denali SUV.
Meanwhile, deputies responding to the call observed the Denali traveling down U.S. 78 at a high rate of speed and gave chase. The subjects tried to turn onto S.C. 27 but missed it, ran through the parking lot of Carter's Gas Station, through the yard of a nearby residence, then entered S.C. 27 off Sampson Road before turning into some woods.
Someone in the Denali fired a shot at deputies before they fled the vehicle.
A search of the area by deputies, K9 units, and a Charleston County air unit ultimately turned up the three suspects, all of whom were taken into custody without further incident, according to the report.
The initial incident report indicated Jamison, Mazyck and Justin Simmons were arrested; it isn't clear how Jesswill Simmons also came to be arrested.
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Thursday, September 19, 2013
HAI! Yes, I am a huge fan of Japanese food, and back in the mid-80's I became a big adherent of the local sushi cuisine here in Columbia, South Carolina. If you are not a student of sushi and sashimi, please take some time to give it a try: Fresh, clean flavors that speak of the ocean, as well as the land. There's going to be something for every taste. (Don't forget the hot wasabi!) For those of you who prefer cooked food, nearly all Japanese food establishments offer delightful tempura (fried) preparations, as well as grilled foods, and of course, soups, salads and cooked vegetables.
One of the vegetables I am particularly fond of is the fried leaf of a marvelous plant, which we botanists maintain in the "mint" family. As a tempura item, it may be dipped in batter and lightly sautéed, rendering a delicate flavor.
The taste is hard to describe: it is at once somewhat sweet and musky. A sort of oily sweetness. And delicious. The fresh leaves are also good to eat, too, sometimes accompanying a beautify portion of raw yellowtail.
This plant, of course, is a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae), known mostly for its great variabilty in fragrance (mint...basil...sage...rosemary...lavender...) and a huge number of ornamentals (especially the sages, in the genus Salvia). There are plenty of Southeastern native species in this family, too, which have been adapted for gardens, such as mountain-mint, lion's mane, and obedient plant. There are plenty of weeds, as well: Florida "betony" is a relatively recent, and troublesome, interloper in gardens throughout the Southeast.
Our Mystery Plant is perfectly placed within the mint family (Lamiaceae), with square stems and opposite leaves. The stalked leaves are oval-shaped, usually with toothy margins. The flowers are equipped with a tubular calyx (green), and a tubular corolla (pink). The corolla, bearing four tiny stamens inside, is bilabiate, that is, featuring an upper and lower lip. These flowers are popular with bees and butterflies. After blooming, the plants lose their leaves. In the dead of winter, the dried stems remain, most of the time, forming interesting dried arrangements along paths and garden margins. Of course, it does spread by seed, and can be potentially weedy.
Many gardeners will recognize the close resemblance this plant has with the popular garden Coleus, but they aren't the same thing. Our Mystery species is in fact a native of eastern Asia, but has now become reasonably common in much of the eastern USA. It is a weed in some cases, but is sometimes grown on purpose for its fragrant leaves. Again, the leaves don't smell like mint, but rather have a curiously oily, musky flavor. Very sweet. In fact, the leaves were at one time used as a flavoring agent in cigars. I'm wondering now if the leaves of this plant wouldn't be good as a substitute for basil, with ripe tomatoes, offered with sliced mozzarella, slathered with olive oil, and generously sprinkled with salt and pepper...?
John Nelson is the curator of the A. C. Moore Herbarium at the University of South Carolina, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia SC 29208. As a public service, the Herbarium offers free plant identifications. For more information, visit www.herbarium.org or call 803-777-8196, or email email@example.com.
Answer: "Beefsteak plant," "Japanese basil," Perilla frutescens]
The Journal Scene is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not The Journal Scene.
If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click "report abuse" and we will review it for possible removal. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.
© 2015 The Journal Scene an Evening Post Industries company. All Rights Reserved.
Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy and Parental Consent Form.


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VA Medical Center showing Civil War exhibit
Published 12:00 am Friday, March 29, 2013
The W.G. "Bill" Hefner VA Medical Center in Salisbury is hosting a traveling history exhibit, "The Civil War & A New Era in Veterans Benefits." The exhibit is located in the Main Street area of the Community Living Center in Building 42, and may be viewed through noon on April 5.
The exhibit was created by the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) as part of the national Civil War 150th anniversary commemoration. The display consists of six panels, and is 15 feet long. The exhibit highlights sweeping changes made in federal veterans' benefits because of the war. The VHA History Office has partnered with the Civil War Trust to promote the exhibit's travels on the official Civil War 150th anniversary website calendar.
The exhibit will also be on display at the 16th Annual Salisbury Confederate Prison Symposium on April 6 in Ketner Hall on the Catawba College campus from 9:15 a.m. until 4 p.m. Dr. Andrew Bullard, physician at the Hefner VA, will discuss soldiers' pensions at the symposium.
For more information about the Civil War 150th anniversary activities, please visit www.civilwar.org/150th-anniversary/.


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(Us Weekly) - Ron Jeremy won't be getting out of his hospital bed anytime soon. Doctors at L.A.'s Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have determined that the legendary porn star will need to remain at the hospital for at least two weeks following his emergency on Wednesday, Jan. 30, TMZ reports.
The 59-year-old adult film star underwent two surgeries after suffering from a heart aneurysm, and is currently recovering at the hospital in critical condition, his agent Mike Esterman told The Associated Press in an email Thursday, Jan. 31.
Jeremy was previously sent to intensive care after he experienced a heavy feeling in his chest Tuesday and drove himself to the hospital.
Doctors discovered that the porn star had suffered from a heart aneurysm and immediately went to work to save his life.
Jeremy has said that he's appeared in more than 2,000 adult films, and is one of the most recognizable names and faces in the adult film industry. He has also been in more than 50 mainstream films, including 1999's cult hit The Boondock Saints.
In 2004, he starred alongside fellow recognizable Hollywood names like rapper Vanilla Ice and CHiPs' Erik Estrada in the second season of VH1's reality show The Surreal Life.
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text:
Just What the Doctor Ordered! Who: Peoria Medical Society Auxiliary, Inc. Cost: $20.95 includes shipping Details: soft-backed, spiral bound Pages of recipes: 268 Send checks to: Mary Clare Geraghty, 715 W. Bridgetowne Ct., Dunlap, IL 61525 or call 309-243-1063Read More
Recipes using egg yolks
Sunny Spring Lemon Tarts
Heavenly Creations Who: Murdale Baptist ChurchCost: $18.50 includes shippingDetails: Soft-backed, comb boundPages of recipes: 184Send checks to: Donna Terpinitz, Murdale Baptist Church, 27091 W. Main Street, Carbondale, IL 62901 or 618-529-5800.Read More
Mom's Baked Custard
Together We Have It All Who: Varna United Methodist ChurchCost: $13 includes shippingDetails: soft-backed, comb boundPages of recipes: 72Send checks to: Kelley Larimer, 2074 County Road 400N, Varna, IL 61375 or call 309-399-7611Read More
Summer Fruit Cream Pie
Reading is So Delicious! Who: Friends of Eureka Public Library DistrictCost: $14.50 includes shippingDetails: hard-backed, three ring binderPages of recipes: 225Send checks to: Friends of Eureka Public Library, c/o Pamela Terry, 202 S. Main St., Eureka, IL 61530 or call 309-467-2922Read More
Burnt Sugar Ice Cream
Killian Favorites – The Next Generation Who: Killian FamilyCost: $10.50 includes shippingDetails: soft-backed, comb boundPages of recipes: 141Send checks to: Lucy Kelley,24134 Dameron Road, Lexington, IL 61753or call 309-310-9280.Read More
Harvest Pancakes
Featuring specialty crop recipes This recipe courtesy of The Great Pumpkin PatchRead More


text: First off- This is the best-smelling lipstick I own. I LOVE it. It's super fruity and sweet. If you're sensitive to that, then DEFINITELY don't get this because the smell is somewhat strong. Secondly, the texture of this is lovely, no tugging and it's very smooth. In my opinion, it's a cheap, good buy for any lipstick-lover.


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** I have to offer another apology as I am unable to enter a card for next week. Life and work took over and gone are the days when Chrissie and I are weeks ahead...thanks to our faithful LIMettes for keeping us so busy! I am sorry to let you all down **
Saturday, 29 October 2011
"Less is More" Week 39
** I have to offer another apology as I am unable to enter a card for next week. Life and work took over and gone are the days when Chrissie and I are weeks ahead...thanks to our faithful LIMettes for keeping us so busy! I am sorry to let you all down **
40 comments:
- TAM said...
Fabulous card - loving those stars.
Have a brilliant holiday, will want to see lots of pics when you get back
- 29 October 2011 at 08:12
- Chrissie said...
I just love your blingy star Mandi... it's SO you!
These are wonderful and I want that tree stamp it's gorgeous.
Have a great trip next week, it will be fab!
- 29 October 2011 at 08:30
- Jan said...
Love your card.
I wish I could get to the NEC but it's too far for me.
Have a great time & holiday.
xx Jan
- 29 October 2011 at 08:38
- Craftilicious said...
I love the big star on the trees - just brilliant. We'll let you off for next week - have a fabulous time on your cruise.
Thanks for picking my screwdriver card for the showCASe - I'm chuffed with my new blog badge :-D
Tara x
- 29 October 2011 at 10:28
- Gibmiss said...
Hi Mandi
Fabulous card.......love the tree...Enjoy your cruise ...have a wonderful time ...Both of you ...
Hugs sylvie
- 29 October 2011 at 11:13
- Carol said...
Gorgeous cards Mandi, love the blingy star. Enjoy your hols and happy birthday and anniversary for whilst you're away. Carol x
- 29 October 2011 at 12:15
- nicky said...
Great cards , the bling one wins it for me. Have a lovely holiday.
- 29 October 2011 at 12:38
- Sarita said...
Fantastic cards Mandi, love both of them and your glitzy toes look great!!
Thank you for another fab challenge and have a great holiday,
Love Sarita xx
- 29 October 2011 at 12:50
- Heidi said...
Inspirational toes, love the cards have a good hols, hugs heidi x
- 29 October 2011 at 13:36
- Sarah said...
Love the bling and chunky star! Big is beautiful...enjoy the break and the art of doing nothing!
- 29 October 2011 at 14:20
- Chantal said...
What a nice idea! It's lovely.
- 29 October 2011 at 14:57
- Bonnie said...
What gorgeous stars on this sweet little tree!
- 29 October 2011 at 15:12
- Lizy said...
Fab cards Mandi! Hope you have a wonderful holiday and come back ready and raring for Christmas! :)
Lizy x
- 29 October 2011 at 16:00
- Jenny said...
Oh Mandi...of course we'll forgive you, I don't know how you manage to craft and do all the commenting anyhow let alone when you have other things to do as well!!!
Love the huge star, certainly a big wish...the blinged version is so you :)
Jenny x
- 29 October 2011 at 20:31
- Kat said...
Fantastic cards Mandi. Love the bling!
Hope you have a fabby time on the cruise.
Kat xx
- 29 October 2011 at 21:02
- StampnMichelle said...
love you bling star
- 29 October 2011 at 21:45
- Vicky Hayes said...
You are lovely Mandi - thank you for making me feel so welcome! I think you're permitted to go off and have a lovely time and not worry about next week - you've brought a great deal of pleasure to a lot of people and deserve to have lots yourself! I love the pedi and I love the gorgeous cards they inspired! Have a wonderful time! Vx
- 29 October 2011 at 23:09
- Vicki Dutcher said...
I just love the pop of color with the black tree! Looks just FUN!
- 29 October 2011 at 23:24
- Jennifer Rzasa said...
These cards make me smile!
- 30 October 2011 at 01:10
- Anne said...
Love your trees - and those toes! - have a fabulous holiday Mandi
- 30 October 2011 at 11:14
- Jenni's Jems said...
Fantastic card and love the bling - have a great holiday! x
- 30 October 2011 at 11:32
- Diane said...
Very pretty cards......have fun and don't worry, things will slow down and you will catch up someday...
- 30 October 2011 at 12:05
- Suzilou said...
Have a fab holiday and your toes look fantastic! hehe Loving your tree stamp and great stars :)
- 30 October 2011 at 13:35
- Valerie said...
Gorgeous cards Mandi, love that stamp! Have a wonderful holiday and best wishes for your anniversary and birthday:)
Val x
- 30 October 2011 at 20:42
- Lisa A. said...
How lovely...both the cards and your toes:)...hee hee!! Especially love the gold star...how pretty and sweet!! Not only are your cards an inspiration, but your toes make me want a pedicure, now:)!!
- 30 October 2011 at 22:26
- laurie said...
Such an awesome card...love the star!
- 31 October 2011 at 01:56
- Marlena M. said...
Mandi, your cards are wonderful-both of them. No apologies...you have gone over and beyond in all the challenges (both you and Chrissie). I am in awe of how you keep up with everyone's cards. ;)
- 31 October 2011 at 03:56
- craftymonster81 said...
This is gorgeous, that star looks amazing and the simplistic design of the card draws your eyes to that amazingly beautiful star,love it
Lindsay xx
- 31 October 2011 at 10:13
- Stephanie Lanzalotto said...
Hi Mandi. I hope you have a wonderful holiday. Wish I were on that boat too! I love your big gold and big jeweled stars on the little tree. The sentiment is perfect and the perfect size. Fabulous!
- 31 October 2011 at 14:13
- Viv said...
Great card again Mandi, love that shiny star! we will forgive you Mandi for next week .Have a fab time away too and think of us LIMettes in the cold...well it probably will be :O) Viv xx
- 31 October 2011 at 15:12
- Susan said...
I've never tried to emboss something several time...looks cool....not sure how you do it, but it really glows! Two beautiful cards!
- 31 October 2011 at 18:04
- kingstonmama said...
Fabulous cards, Mandi. Those stars are so great! Enjoy your holidays. Ann
- 31 October 2011 at 23:43
- mustavcoffee, Gay Peplow said...
Hi Mandi, OOh snazzy toes, love it:0)I love your cards too, the trees look wonderful with their blingy stars perched on the top LOL.
I hope you have a fantastic holiday and want to hear all about it when you get back:0) Gay xxx
- 1 November 2011 at 12:59
- Kerry said...
Love those big blingy stars, love the nails too x
- 2 November 2011 at 13:11
- Michelle said...
Gorgeous cards Mandi, I love the tree and your fab stars. I love your toes too!
Michelle xx
- 2 November 2011 at 16:28
- GinaA said...
Cards are beautiful as ever, enjoy your holiday and we will look forward to your return.
- 2 November 2011 at 20:05
- Jose said...
Great cards, and I love that colourful star. Enjoy your time away, you deserve it.
- 3 November 2011 at 21:36
- SYLVIA-ANNE said...
Love all the fabulous bling Mandi, and I love those toenails too - WOW!
The stars are fab. - my favourite has to be the multi-coloured one!
Have a great holiday - Hugs, Sylvia x
- 4 November 2011 at 23:38
- Jen W. said...
These are fantastic! Love the big stars paired with the tiny sentiments. :)
Will miss your card next week and hope life calms down a bit for you soon!
- 6 November 2011 at 03:00
- Jingle said...
This is very pretty! I love that tree image!
- 8 November 2011 at 13:17


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Just wanted to let some of you know that Northern Ca chapter has been postponed until further notice. The Southern Ca chapter meeting will happen Feb 15th in Oxnard, in case you want to visit. For information please contact Julie at firstname.lastname@example.com.
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It sounds crazy, but it just might happen! Berkeley University has come up with a technology that can create images of what the brain sees. Using 'functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)' they can read the reactions to the brain. Read the full story here, or watch their findings here:
I've always dreamed of watching my dreams, and soon enough I could watch that Inception-worthy concept! While it's nowhere near that capacity, it's marvels of science such as this one that gets the imagination flowing.
Who knows, maybe we can record our imagination to explain movie concepts! It would've certainly shortened J.R.R. Tolkien's books if he could just show them to you.
More importantly though it could help people with speaking problems, and those unable to physically move to speak.
Imagine all the money people could save on psychiatrists! Or better yet, recording an embarassing dream and bringing it out on your friend's wedding night (you'd be a terrible friend, but it should be a great video).
Of course it all leads into the negative sides of this technology. Dreams are sacred videos of the deepest recesses of our mind. Unholy thoughts are kept well hidden from public knowledge (says someone who used to love Will Smith's 'Getting Jiggy With It').
Could it be something similar to Total Recall, perhaps? If they can learn how the mind visualises, they can play it backwards. That'd be dangerous if used in certain ways.
What if your loved one caught a glimpse of what you were dreaming? That person you swore has nothing to do with who you really love could then become a non-existent enemy. But look on the bright side ladies -- At least men'll know what you're thinking now.
Or is that a good thing?
What do you reckon is the best or worth to come from this possible technology?
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Tags: activity, Berkeley University, brain, cdwow, future, movie, technology, video


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Standing Room Only: The Vignelli Subway Map
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Rep. Brian Higgins, NY-26, is reintroducing the Cancer Drug Coverage Parity Act, which would require health insurance companies to offer the same coverage and reimbursement for all chemotherapy medications, whether they're administered intravenously/by injection or orally.
RPCI President & CEO Dr. Donald L. Trump shared his thoughts on how the federal sequestration cuts are affecting Roswell Park and other medical-research institutions on "The Leslie Marshall Show," a nationally syndicated radio program.
On Thursday, April 25, Roswell Park cancer survivors from age eight to 80 walked the runway in spring's newest trends at the Models of Inspiration fashion show.
Sequestration: Feeling the Effects: The automatic cuts to many federal programs that took effect in March have had consequences that are being felt at Roswell Park, affecting not only recently submitted proposals but projects already approved for federal funding.
Support for RPCI - Thank You Gov. Cuomo and NYS Legislators: The final New York State budget approved for 2013-14 clearly demonstrates ongoing support for the mission of Roswell Park Cancer Institute. With this final budget, the state maintains its current levels of funding for RPCI capital expenditures and operations, and restored several line items in other New York State budgetary areas previously in jeopardy that were dedicated to cancer screening and tobacco-control programs.
While thousands gathered in Washington, D.C. to support medical research, three leading medical institutions in the Buffalo Niagara region joined U.S. Rep. Brian Higgins to raise awareness about the local impact of research budget cuts.
March is celebrated as National Women's History Month. This episode of Roswellness Radio highlights the contributions that generations of female researchers have made toward the effort to discover cancer cures and quality-of-life advancements.


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Easter feast at the Garden
Animal magic, music, vintage vehicles and a performance of Under Milkwood all share top billing at the National Botanic Garden of Wales this Easter.
The Quack Pack will be on from around 12 to 3 each day to wow holiday visitors at the best garden in Wales and there is the Easter Egg trail as well.
Students from Coleg Sir Gâr will be performing the Dylan Thomas "play for voices" on Easter Saturday at 1.30pm and Towy Valley Vintage Club are in the Garden on Easter Sunday having their annual start-of-season crank-up.
They will be showing off a variety of vintage cars, steam engines, tractors, garden equipment, bikes and models – and some club members will be in vintage dress.
Default Gallery Type Template
This is the default gallery type template, located in:
If you're seeing this, it's because the gallery type you selected has not provided a template of it's own.To help celebrate Easter Monday, Dyfed Carriage Club will hold their annual Easter Bonnet Parade of horse-drawn traps and carriages from noon.
In charge of events at the Garden is David Hardy. He said: "It's a pretty mouth-watering line-up over the bank holiday weekend and throughout the Easter holiday. We will also be trialling our 'Garden Explorers' offer where young visitors can grab a back-pack, select from a range of activities and then head off into the Garden and enjoy themselves."
There will also be Garden craft activities, 'How to make an Easter egg' woodturning demonstrations, Easter chicks and 'How to keep chickens' workshops, and the Great Garden Story-Telling Weekend.
For full details of what's on when this Easter at the Garden, go to www.gardenofwales.org.uk
11 Responses to "Easter feast at the Garden"
It would be nice to know the performance times for Under MIlk Wood. It would be a shame to miss the start.
Unrhyw beth ymlaen ar ddydd Gwener y Groglith / Anything events on Good Friday?
Hi> Can you tell me what is going on at the gardens tomorrow, please? Diolch
what time will the meerkats be there on easter Monday.
doesn't really make that clear on your website, ive arranged to bring someone to see them aswell, not good at all
What time is the carriages procession please


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Electron Microscopy reconstruction of the yeast vacuolar ATPase. Ribbon models for individual protein subunits have been fit to the electron density.
From the lab of Stephan Wilkens, PhD.
Steven R Goodman, PhD
Current Appointments
- Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Hospital Campus
- Downtown
Research Programs and Affiliations
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Biomedical Sciences Program
- Pediatrics
- Research Pillars
Education & Fellowships
- PhD: St. Louis University Medical School
Research Interests
- Proteomic assessment of sickle cell severity.
Research AbstractMy laboratory's research credits include the co-discovery of ankyrin; the discovery of nonerythroid spectrin; the demonstration of an essential role for spectrin in synaptic transmission, DNA repair, calcium entry from internal cellular stores; defining the role of spectrin as an E2/E3 ubiquitin conjugating/ligating enzyme; working out the defects in the spectrin membrane skeleton that lead to formation of the irreversibly sickled cell; development of an efficacious drug for treatment of Sickle Cell Disease; the first complete proteomic studies on the human erythrocyte proteome and the seminal studies on changes of this proteome in sickle cell disease.
My laboratory has demonstrated the existence of multiple spectrin isoforms; their structure; location; protein interactions; subunit sequences; and functions. Amongst these functions was the demonstration that spectrin in the nucleus serves as a scaffold for damaged DNA and repair enzymes; that the spectrin membrane skeletal protein 4.1 gates an endothelial cell store operated Ca2+ entry channel; and serves as an essential component of synaptic transmission.
We have extensively studied the basic protein interactions in the normal erythrocyte membrane skeleton. This led us to discover the spectrin binding protein called ankyrin and the identification of the actin-binding domain of spectrin. We also demonstrated that reversible oxidative damage to actin and diminished ubiquitination of spectrin leads to the irreversibly sickle cell (ISC).
We found that antioxidants that raise the reduced glutathione levels within RBCs can block the formation of dense ISCs in vitro and in vivo. A phase 2 human trial with n-acetyl-cysteine demonstrated a large reduction in sickle cell crisis rate with no major side effects. We then demonstrated that spectrin is a chimeric E2/E3 ubiquitin ligase, which can ubiquitinate itself and several other membrane skeletal proteins. Ubiquitination was found to regulate the dissociation of the spectrin-4.1-actin and spectrin-adducin-actin ternary complex, and this enzymatic activity is greatly diminished in sickle cell RBCs due to their altered redox status.
My laboratory has performed the first complete studies of the human RBC proteome and changes that occur in sickle cell disease. The proteomic studies led to the discovery of proteasomes in RBCs and the current RBC interactome map. In addition, it has shown that Sickle Cell RBC membranes have an adaptive response to oxidative stress where increased levels of proteins such as chaperonins, heat shock proteins, catalase, and peroxyredoxin are found; while lipid raft proteins are diminished. We are currently launching protein-profiling studies on RBCs, WBCs, and plasma to try to understand the wide variation in crises and clinical outcome for patients with homozygous sickle cell disease.
Kakhniashvili, D.G., Chaudhary, T., Zimmer. W.E., Bencsath, F.A., Jardine, I., and Goodman, S.R. 2001. Spectrin is an E2 Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme. Biochemistry. 40: 11630-11642
Pace, B. S., Shartava, A., Pack-Mabien, A Mulekar, M.., Ardia, A., and Goodman S.R., 2003. Effects of N-Acetylcysteine On Vaso-occlusive Episodes in Sickle Cell Disease. Am. J. Hematol. 73:26-32.
Kakhniashvili, D.G., Bulla, L.E. and Goodman, S.R. 2004. The Human Erythrocyte Proteome: Analysis by Ion Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 3: 501-509.
Kakhniashvili, D.G. Griko, N.B., Bulla Jr.,L.A. and S. R. Goodman, 2005, The Proteomics of Sickle Cell Disease: Profiling of Erythrocyte Membrane Proteins by 2D-DIGE and Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Exper. Biol. Med. 230: 787-792.
Goodman, S.R., Kurdia, A., Ammann, L., Kakhniashvili, D., and Daescu, O. 2007. The Human Red Blood Cell Proteome and Interactome, Exper. Biol. & Med. 232: 1391-1408.
Emeritus Faculty
SUNY Distinguished Professor Emeritus
- Richard Cross, PhD
Professor Emeritus
- David Turner, PhD