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US 7895589 B2 Abstract Systems and methods of application integration, including constructing an application integration adapter in dependence upon a profile including data describing the adapter, receiving instructions to alter the adapter, and altering the adapter in dependence upon the instructions. Exemplary embodiments of the invention include communicating integration messages among applications through the adapter as altered. In typical embodiments, receiving instructions to alter the adapter includes detecting changes in the adapter profile. In such embodiments, detecting changes in the adapter profile includes creating a copy of the profile, and periodically comparing the profile and the copy. In other exemplary embodiments, receiving instructions to alter the adapter includes receiving from an application an administrative integration message bearing the instructions to alter the adapter. In such embodiments, altering the adapter in dependence upon the instructions includes updating the profile.
Claims(24) 1. A method of application integration, the method comprising:
constructing an application integration adapter in dependence upon a profile comprising data describing the adapter;
receiving instructions to alter the adapter; and
altering the adapter in dependence upon the instructions.
2. The method of
data communications transports, including senders and receivers, and
optionally, data transfer managers.
3. The method of
data identifying communications protocols, and
data identifying applications programs.
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
creating a copy of the profile; and
periodically comparing the profile and the copy.
7. The method of
8. The method of
9. A system of application integration, the system comprising:
means for constructing an application integration adapter in dependence upon a profile comprising data describing the adapter;
means for receiving instructions to alter the adapter; and
means for altering the adapter in dependence upon the instructions.
10. The system of
data communications transports, including senders and receivers, and
optionally, data transfer managers.
11. The system of
data identifying communications protocols, and
data identifying applications programs.
12. The system of
13. The system of
14. The system of
means for creating a copy of the profile; and
means for periodically comparing the profile and the copy.
15. The system of
16. The system of
17. A computer program product of application integration, the computer program product comprising:
a recording medium;
means, recorded on the recording medium, for constructing an application integration adapter in dependence upon a profile comprising data describing the adapter;
means, recorded on the recording medium, for receiving instructions to alter the adapter; and
means, recorded on the recording medium, for altering the adapter in dependence upon the instructions.
18. The computer program product of
data communications transports, including senders and receivers, and
optionally, data transfer managers.
19. The computer program product of
data identifying communications protocols, and
data identifying applications programs.
20. The computer program product of
21. The computer program product of
22. The computer program product of
means, recorded on the recording medium, for creating a copy of the profile; and
means, recorded on the recording medium, for periodically comparing the profile and the copy.
23. The computer program product of
24. The computer program product of
Description 1. Field of the Invention The field of the invention is data processing, or, more specifically, methods, systems, and products for software application integration. 2. Description of Related Art Software applications integration is crucial in improving productivity and reducing costs. By streamlining and integrating business processes, companies can greatly reduce operational overhead. By connecting business support systems and operational support systems, applications are able to work in harmony without costly intervention. By moving away from point-to-point messaging, companies gain the benefits of a centralized messaging infrastructure: greater control over business processes and increased operational efficiency. In the past, software applications integration has been achieved only with high cost. Components of business support systems and operational support systems are often developed and manufactured by separate manufacturers or developers, utilize disparate data structures to encode the same data and utilize disparate modes of data communications. An inventory control application from one developer may post inventory changes, for example, across TCP/IP to a general ledger developed by an entirely different company. The same inventory control application may post in HTML through HTTP to a purchasing system from a third vendor using a third set of data structures. The purchasing system may post to the general ledger, using a third combination of data structures. And so on. The combinations are endless. And in the past, each such integration was accomplished by hiring systems analysts, software development project managers, software system architects, senior programmers, junior programmers, and so on, to build application integration adapters to convert the data structures and administer the data communications among all these disparate software application systems. Such application integration adapters have typically been implemented in a so-called �point-to-point� fashion. That is, an adapter is developed to couple this particular inventory application through this particular data communications coupling using this particular data communications protocol to this particular general ledger. Adding a new application to the mix required all the same new develop costs as for the first two applications to be integrated. For all these reasons, it would be advantageous to have improved means and methods for application integration. Exemplary embodiments of the invention implement methods of application integration. Exemplary embodiments include constructing an application integration adapter in dependence upon a profile including data describing the adapter, receiving instructions to alter the adapter, and altering the adapter in dependence upon the instructions. In such embodiments, the application integration adapter includes data communications transports, including senders and receivers, and optionally, data transfer managers. In typical embodiments, the data describing the adapter includes data identifying communications protocols, and data identifying applications programs. Exemplary embodiments of the invention include communicating integration messages among applications through the adapter as altered. In typical embodiments, receiving instructions to alter the adapter includes detecting changes in the adapter profile. In such embodiments, detecting changes in the adapter profile includes creating a copy of the profile, and periodically comparing the profile and the copy. In other exemplary embodiments, receiving instructions to alter the adapter includes receiving from an application an administrative integration message bearing the instructions to alter the adapter. In such embodiments, altering the adapter in dependence upon the instructions includes updating the profile. The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts of exemplary embodiments of the invention. The present invention is described to a large extent in this specification in terms of methods for software application integration. Persons skilled in the art, however, will recognize that any computer system that includes suitable programming means for operating in accordance with the disclosed methods also falls well within the scope of the present invention. Suitable programming means include any means for directing a computer system to execute the steps of the method of the invention, including for example, systems comprised of processing units and arithmetic-logic circuits coupled to computer memory, which systems have the capability of storing in computer memory, which computer memory includes electronic circuits configured to store data and program instructions, programmed steps of the method of the invention for execution by a processing unit. The invention also may be embodied in a computer program product, such as a diskette or other recording medium, for use with any suitable data processing system. Embodiments of a computer program product may be implemented by use of any recording medium for machine-readable information, including magnetic media, optical media, or other suitable media. Persons skilled in the art will immediately recognize that any computer system having suitable programming means will be capable of executing the steps of the method of the invention as embodied in a program product. Persons skilled in the art will recognize immediately that, although most of the exemplary embodiments described in this specification are oriented to software installed and executing on computer hardware, nevertheless, alternative embodiments implemented as firmware or as hardware are well within the scope of the present invention. In this specification, the terms �field,� �data element,� and �attribute,� unless the context indicates otherwise, generally are used as synonyms, referring to individual elements of digital data. Aggregates of data elements are referred to as �records� or �data structures.� Aggregates of records are referred to as �tables� or �files.� Aggregates of files or tables are referred to as �databases.� Complex data structures that include member methods, functions, or software routines as well as data elements are referred to as �classes.� Instances of classes are referred to as �objects� or �class objects.� �802.11� refers to a family of specifications developed by the IEEE for wireless LAN technology. 802.11 specifies an over-the-air interface between a wireless client and a base station or between two wireless clients. �API� is an abbreviation for �application programming interface.� An API is a set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications. �Bluetooth� refers to an industrial specification for a short-range radio technology for RF couplings among client devices and between client devices and resources on a LAN or other network. An administrative body called the Bluetooth Special Interest Group tests and qualifies devices as Bluetooth compliant. The Bluetooth specification consists of a �Foundation Core,� which provides design specifications, and a �Foundation Profile,� which provides interoperability guidelines. �CORBA� means the Common Object Request Broker Architecture, a standard for remote procedure invocation first published by the Object Management Group (�OMG�) in 1991. CORBA can be considered a kind of object-oriented way of making �RPCs� or remote procedure calls, although CORBA supports many features that do not exist in RPC as such. By use of CORBA technology, remote method invocations effected in object-oriented programming languages such as Java and C++ look like invocations of local member methods in local objects. CORBA data communications are administered by middleware applications known as Object Request Brokers or �ORBs.� ORBs communicate with �GIOP,� the General Inter-ORB Protocol, the CORBA protocol that defines structures and formats for passing messages among heterogeneous computers and their various architectures. GIOP is not based on any particular network protocol, such as IPX or TCP/IP. GIOP defined to function over its most widely used communication transport platform, TCP/IP, is called �IIOP,� the Internet Inter-ORB Protocol. Because of the general usefulness of tcp/ip, this disclosure, in describing example embodiments, tends to use the terms GIOP and IIOP more or less interchangeably, although the use of the term IIOP is not intended to limit application of embodiments of the present invention to the single transport protocol suite TCP/IP. �CGI� means �Common Gateway Interface,� a standard technology for data communications of resources between web servers and web clients. More specifically, CGI provides a standard interface between servers and server-side �gateway� programs which administer actual reads and writes of data to and from file systems and databases. The CGI interface typically sends data to gateway programs through environment variables or as data to be read by the gateway programs through their standard inputs. Gateway programs typically return data through standard output. �Coupled for data communications� means any form of data communications, wireless, 802.11b, Bluetooth, infrared, radio, internet protocols, HTTP protocols, email protocols, networked, direct connections, dedicated phone lines, dial-ups, serial connections with EIA232 (RS-232), IEEE 1394 (often called �Firewire� connections, a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.), Universal Serial Buses (�USB�), hard-wired parallel port connections, and other forms of data communications as will occur to those of skill in the art. Couplings for data communications include sharing of files, including transferring files from application to application, from an adapter to an application, or from an application to an adapter, including flat files, binary files, text files, database files, HTML files, XML documents, and so on. �DCOM� means �Distributed Component Object Model,� an extension of Microsoft's Component Object Model (�COM�) to support objects distributed across networks. DCOM is part of certain Microsoft operating systems, including Windows NT, and is available for other operating systems. DCOM serves the same purpose as IBM's DSOM protocol, which is a popular implementation of CORBA. Unlike CORBA, which runs on many operating systems, DCOM is currently implemented only for Windows. �Format� or �data format� refers to the overall form of data encoding for data processing and data communications. Examples of data formats include data encoded in the form of HTML documents, XML documents, Java data structures, C++ data structures, C data structures, and so on. In addition to format, computer data has structure, including data element names, data element types, and data element values. In this disclosure, changing or converting the format of data is referred to as �data translation,� �translation,� or �translating.� In this disclosure, changing or converting the structure of data is referred to as �data transformation,� �transformation,� or �transforming.� �HTML� stands for �HyperText Markup Language,� a standard markup language for displaying web pages on browsers. �HTTP� stands for �HyperText Transport Protocol,� the standard data communications protocol of the World Wide Web. �JMS� means �Java Message Service,� a Java API specifically designed for application integration messaging. JMS provides a kind of Java enterprise bean that supports asynchronous administration of message traffic. JMS sends and receives can participate in transactions controlled through the Java Transaction API (�JTA�). The JTA operates in coordination with the Java Transaction Service (�JTS�). JTA allows applications and application servers to access transactions. JTS specifies the implementation of a Transaction Manager that supports JTA and implements the Java mapping of the OMG Object Transaction Service (�OTS�) at the level below the API. JTS propagates transactions using IIOP. �IMAP� means �Internet Message Access Protocol.� IMAP is a protocol for retrieving email messages from Internet email servers. In �offline� operation, an email client fetches messages from an email server to the client machine where the email client program is running, and then deletes the email messages from the server. In �online� operation, messages can be left on the email server and manipulated remotely by email client programs. POP supports offline email operations. IMAP, the newer protocol, supports both offline and online email operations. �LAN� means �local area network.� �Network� is used in this specification to mean any networked coupling for data communications among computers or computer systems. Examples of networks useful with the invention include intranets, extranets, internets, local area networks, wide area networks, and other network arrangements as will occur to those of skill in the art. �POP� means �Post Office Protocol.� POP is a protocol used by an email client to retrieve email from a mail server. There are two versions of POP. POP2 requires SMTP to receive email messages from clients or other servers. The newer version, POP3, can be used with or without SMTP. �Pseudocode� is exemplary source code in a programming language or examples of markup in a markup language that is used for explanation in this disclosure. Pseudocode is not represented as conforming strictly to the requirements of any particular programming language or markup language, so that there is no representation that pseudocode examples from this disclosure will compile or execute. Pseudocode examples will, however, help with explanation so as to enable persons of skill in the art to make and use application integration adapters according to embodiments of the present invention. �RMI� refers to �Remote Method Invocation,� a protocol set developed by Sun Microsystems to enables Java objects to communicate remotely with other Java objects. RMI is a relatively simple protocol, but unlike more complex protocols such as CORBA and DCOM, it works only with Java objects. CORBA and DCOM support networked communications and remote procedure calls among objects created in any language. �Server� in this specification refers to a computer or device comprising automated computing machinery on a network that manages resources and requests for access to resources. A �security server� can be any server that manages access to resources by use of security objects according to the present invention. A �web server,� or �HTTP server,� in particular is a server that communicates with browsers by means of HTTP in order to manage and make available to networked computers documents in markup languages like HTML, digital objects, and other resources. A �Servlet,� like an applet, is a program designed to be run from another program rather than directly from an operating system. �Servlets� in particular are designed to be run on servers from a conventional Java interface for servlets. Servlets are modules that extend request/response oriented servers, such as Java-enabled web servers. Java servlets are an alternative to CGI programs. The biggest difference between the two is that a Java servlet is persistent. Once a servlet is started, it stays in memory and can fulfill multiple requests. In contrast, a CGI program disappears after it has executed once, fulfilling only a single a request for each load and run. The persistence of Java servlets makes them generally faster than CGI because no time is spent on loading servlets for invocations after a first one. �SMTP� means �Simple Message Transfer Protocol.� SMTP is a protocol for sending email messages between server. Internet email traffic largely travels over SMTP from server to server. After email arrives at a target server, email messages are then retrieved from the server with an email client using either POP or IMAP or. SMTP also is used to send messages from mail clients to mail servers. �SOAP� is the Simple Object Access Protocol, a protocol for applications communications over the Internet, independent of platform. SOAP includes a convention for representing remote procedure calls and responses. SOAP can potentially be used with a variety of transport protocols, although as a practical matter to date, it is used mostly with HTTP. SOAP generally uses XML to define message formats and then adds HTTP headers for data communications. �TCP/IP� refers to two data communications protocols implementing the network layer and the transport layer of the standard ISO protocol stack for data communications protocols. Strictly speaking, �TCP,� the �Transmission Control Protocol,� is a separate layer residing above �IP,� the �Internet Protocol.� The two are often spoken of together, however, as the �TCP/IP protocol suite.� A �URI� or �Universal Resource Identifier� is an identifier of a named object in any namespace accessible through a network. URIs are functional for any access scheme, including for example, the File Transfer Protocol or �FTP,� Gopher, and the web. A URI as used in typical embodiments of the present invention usually includes an internet protocol address, or a domain name that resolves to an internet protocol address, identifying a location where a resource, particularly a web page, a CGI script, or a servlet, is located on a network, usually an internet, a net work using the Internet Protocol in its ISO network layer. URIs directed to particular resources, such as particular HTML files, CGI scripts, or servlets, typically include a path name or file name locating and identifying a particular resource in a file system coupled through a server to a network. To the extent that a particular resource, such as a CGI file or a servlet, is executable, for example to store or retrieve data, a URI often includes query parameters, or data to be stored, in the form of data encoded into the URI. Such parameters or data to be stored are referred to as �URI encoded data.� �URLs� or �Universal Resource Locators� comprise a kind of subset of URIs, wherein each URL resolves to a network address. That is, URIs and URLs are distinguished in that URIs identify named objects in namespaces, where the names may or may not resolve to addresses, while URLs do resolve to addresses. Although standards today are written on the basis of URIs, it is still common to such see web-related identifiers, of the kind used to associate web data locations with network addresses for data communications, referred to as �URLs.� This specification refers to such identifiers generally as URIs. �WAN� means �wide area network.� An example of a WAN is the Internet. �World Wide Web,� or more simply �the web,� refers to a system of internet protocol (�IP�) servers that support specially formatted documents, documents formatted in markup languages such as HTML, XML (eXtensible Markup Language), WML (Wireless Markup Language), or HDML (Handheld Device Markup Language). The term �Web� is used in this specification also to refer to any server or connected group or interconnected groups of servers that implement a hyperlinking protocol, such as HTTP or WAP (the �Wireless Access Protocol�), in support of URIs and documents in markup languages, regardless of whether such servers or groups of servers are coupled to the World Wide Web as such. �XML� refers to the �eXtensible Markup Language,� a known standard for structuring data. XML is designed to provide flexible and adaptable information formatting and identification. XML is called extensible because it has no fixed format like HTML, the Hypertext Markup Language, which is a set of predefined markups. Instead, XML is actually a �metalanguage��a language for describing other languages�which allows users to design customized markup languages for many different types of documents. XML is not, however, a programming language as such; it is a markup standard for structuring data. In this disclosure, however, because XML has the effect of encoding or structuring computer data, preparation of XML documents and XSL specifications, although they may not be carried out by computer programmers as such, nevertheless are considered computer programming or software development. Like HTML, XML makes use of elements, tags, and attributes. Elements are content segements identified by tags. Elements have possibly empty values, the value of an instance of an element being the string between the beginning and ending tags for the instance of the element. �Tags� are words bracketed by �<� and �>,� and attributes are defined characteristics of elements having for example the form: AttributeName=�value�. While HTML specifies what each tag and attribute means, and often how the text between them will look in a browser, XML uses the tags only to delimit pieces of data, and leaves the interpretation of the data completely to the application that reads it. In other words, although in the predefined syntax of HTML, �<p>� means �paragraph,� �<p>� in an XML file means whatever the reading application says it means. Depending on the context, it may be a price, a parameter, a person, or in many cases it represents an entity having nothing to do with Ps. �XSL� refers to the �Extensible Style Language,� a specification for separating style from content when creating HTML or XML pages. XSL specifications work much like templates, allowing users and designers to apply single style documents to multiple pages. XSL is the second style specification to be offered by the World Wide Web Consortium. The first, called Cascading Style Sheets, is similar to XSL but does not include two major XSL's innovations�allowing developers to dictate the way Web pages are printed, and, an innovation particularly useful in many embodiments of the present invention, specifications allowing users or developers to transfer XML documents across different applications. That is, XSL has the capability of specifying transformations of data structures expressed in XML. �XSLT� refers to the Short for �Extensible Style Language Transformation,� the language used in XSL style sheets to transform XML documents into other XML documents. An XSL processor reads the XML document and follows the instructions in the XSL style sheet; then it outputs a new XML document or XML-document fragment. This is particularly useful in various embodiments of the present invention, where the same data formats need to be converted into different structures represented in XML. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide application integration adapters capable of data transformation, data translation, and data communications in a variety of computer architectures. Couplings for data communications include any method, device, or protocol for data communications, optical, electrical, mechanical, or other. Couplings for data communications certainly include all data communications protocols and remote procedure protocols such as HTTP, CORBA, DCOM, IIOP, GIOP, RMI, SOAP, and so on. Couplings for data communications include messaging to wireless pager clients identified by telephone numbers over the Simple Network Paging Protocol or �SNPP,� version 3 of which is an enhanced, two-way protocol as defined in RFC1861. RFC1861 is an Internet protocol suite specification document promulgated by the Network Working Group in the Internet Engineering Task Force. Couplings for data communications include messaging to wireless pager clients WCTP, the �Wireless Communication Transfer Protocol.� WCTP is another two-way messaging protocol. WCTP is designed with the particular intention of using HTTP as its transport mechanism. WCTP is an open, non-proprietary industry standard promulgated by members of the PCIA, the Personal Communications Industry Association. Couplings for data communication include messaging transmitted over HTTP through any of a number of proprietary instant messaging protocols, all of which have application programming interfaces (�APIs�) available just for this purpose, that is, for use in messaging applications such as PVRs. Examples of such instant messaging protocols having APIs include those available from American On-Line (�AOL�), Microsoft Network (�MSN�), Yahoo, Imici, Inc., and ICQ, Inc. Couplings for data communications include transmitting messages as email through SMTP, POP, IMAP or other email protocols, between adapters and applications on any kind of device, personal computers, laptops, handhelds, cell phones, servers, and so on. Couplings for data communications include the Small Message Service (�SMS�) as supported by any telecommunications or telephone service. SMS provides a mechanism for transmitting short messages to and from wireless devices. SMS supports the transmission of short text messages from an adapter to an application a manner similar to alpha-numeric paging. SMS makes use of a Small Message Service Center or �SMSC,� which acts as a store-and-forward system for short messages. In contrast to other existing text-message transmission services such as alphanumeric paging, SMS is a reliable system, providing mechanisms to guarantee delivery of text messages to destinations. Additionally, SMS supports several input mechanisms that allow interconnection with different message sources and destinations. An adapter, or it sender or receiver, can, for example, function as a so-called �External Short Message Entity,� or �ESME,� and transmit SMS messages as HTTP forms or email messages. An adapter can function as a mobile originator, or �MO,� that is, an SMS-enabled client device or, in effect, a cellular telephone. A distinguishing characteristic of SMS is that an SMS-enabled client is able to receive or submit a short message at any time, regardless whether a voice or data call is in progress. Couplings for data communications include methods of data coupling other than data communications protocols as such, including, for example, shared memory segments, which could very well be the method utilized in an architecture in which an adapter (102) is installed on the same server (104) with an application (106) integrated by the adapter. A communications module within the application (106) and a communications module with the adapter (102), such as the receivers and senders discussed in more detail below in this disclosure, can be implemented as synchronized Java methods or C or C++ threads communicating messages through shared memory segments with mutual exclusion administered by use of semaphores. As described above, couplings for data communications include wired network protocols as well as wireless network protocols and messaging systems. In addition, however, couplings for data communications include non-networked couplings as well, including wired serial couplings according to RS-232 (EIA232), IEEE 1394 (often called �Firewire� connections, a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.), hard-wired parallel port connections, and other direct, wired couplings as will occur to those of skill in the art. According to a further exemplary architecture of According to a further exemplary architecture of
A simple adapter, having only two transports and integrating only two applications, may advantageously operate without a route map, routing all messages from either application to the other application, regardless of message type. The example of The method of A profile is a data structure that represents an adapter structure and has data elements that identify and describe the adapter's components. An adapter according to embodiments of the present invention uses the profile to effectively construct itself according to the descriptions of its components set forth in the profile. Because profiles are data structures, profiles can be implemented in any way that any data structure can be implemented, in any programming language, in any kind of encoding, in any kind of file format or database record structure. This disclosure represents profiles in XML, not as a limitation, but because XML is conveniently comprehensible to human readers where many implementations of profiles, for example in binary machine-readable formats would not be so convenient for use in explanation. Also in this disclosure, examples tend to be presented in object oriented terms, in terms of Java and C++ in particular. But once again, there is within the present invention no limitation to any particular programming paradigm or to any particular programming language or languages. With these cautionary notes in view, here is an XML example of a profile:
This exemplary XML profile identifies two transports, one named �inventoryControl� and one named �generalLedger.� Each transport has a receiver and a sender. Each receiver and sender has a configuration parameter. Many implementations of profiles will identify and define more than two transports, and many implementations of senders and receivers will have more than one configuration parameter. The numbers in this example are picked for clarity and brevity of explanation, not for limitation. In the case of senders and receivers for dial-up telephone communications protocols, for example, configuration parameters can include telephone numbers, modems speeds, login identification codes, passwords, and so on. In the case of senders and receivers for the HTTP communication protocol, configuration parameters include one or more URIs. In the case of senders and receivers implementing data communications with JMS, for example, configuration parameters can include identifications of JMS queues, queue connections, queue senders, queue connection factory objects or factory methods, naming directory contexts, and so on. In the case of senders and receivers implementing data communications over plain TCP/IP, configuration parameters include internet protocol addresses and port numbers. For senders and receivers implementing data communications through flat files in file systems, configuration parameters include path names and filenames. The example XML profile identifies and provides configuration parameters for three transfer managers. A transfer manager is essentially self-contained program code that is allowed to manipulate message received or sent by an adapter. Transfer managers allow for arbitrary processing on messages to support advanced routing, translation, security, logging, or any other function of message processing as will occur to those of skill in the art. The transfer managers and the order in which they are run are defined in the adapter profile. Adapters according to this invention typically support an arbitrary number of transfer managers. There are no processing limitations applied to transfer managers. Any transfer manager is free to manipulate message content of any message passed to it in any way, including manipulation of the message body and any header parameters. More particularly, this example XML profile identifies and provides configuration parameters for three transfer managers but contains no express route map. An adapter built in dependence upon this example profile routes all messages received in the inventoryControl transport to all transfer managers and then to the sender in the generalLedger transport. In such an adapter, all messages received in the generalLedger transport are routed to all transfer managers and then to the sender in the inventoryControl transport. The �class� attribute in the <transferManager> tags identifies a Java class from which each transfer manager can be instantiated. The �order� attribute in the <transferManager> tags identifies the order in which message events are to be passed to the transfer managers, so that the transfer managers can be designed and programmed to depend on one another or not to interfere with one another, as needed. Not all transfer managers will process all messages, despite the fact that in this particular model, all messages are passed to all transfer managers. That is, a transfer manager programmed to transform the data structure of an accounting entry in a posting message will perform no processing whatsoever on an ACK, an acknowledgment message. In this model, it is part of the programming of the transfer managers themselves to infer from the parameters in message events which messages are to be processed by a particular transfer manager. Given a message event object similar to that illustrated for example at reference (602) in Route maps in profiles are aids in addressing such complexity. Consider, for example, the following exemplary XML profile:
This exemplary XML profile identifies and describes three transports named respectively �inventoryControl�, �generalLedger�, and �purchasingSystem�. The exemplary XML profile describes four transfer managers identified by unique order numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4. The transfer manager elements now have a new attribute, �mapID,� in the <transferManager> tag to tie the transfer managers to route maps. �mapID� takes as its value a route map identification code. This exemplary XML profile also describes five route maps identified by unique identification codes �route1�, �route2�, �route3�, �route4�, and �route5�. Route map �route1� describes a message route for messages of type �post� from a purchasing system to a general ledger. Route map �route2� defines a message route for acknowledgement messages from the general ledger to the purchasing system. Route map �route3� defines a message route for posting messages from the inventory control program to both the general ledger and to the purchasing system. Route map �route4� defines a message route for inventory posting acknowledgment messages from the general ledger to the inventory control program. Route map �route5� defines a message route for inventory posting acknowledgement messages from the purchasing system to the inventory control program. An exemplary adapter built in dependence upon a profile like this XML example routes posting messages from the purchasing system to the general ledger through only on of the transfer managers, the one identified by the attribute �order=1.� In this example, it is the adapter that must examine the message event parameters such as destinationID, sourceID, messageType, and so on, to determine which route to use and therefore which transfer manager will process which messages. That is, in this example, only one message type is routed to the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=1,� thereby eliminating any need for the transfer manager to analyze whether it is to process the messages it receives: It simply processes all messages it receives. Similarly in this example, all acknowledgment messages or �ACKs� are routed to the transfer manager with <transferManager> attribute �order=4.� In some exemplary embodiments of such a transfer manager, the transfer manager will process all ACK messages in a similar fashion. To the extent that ACK message processing differs according to destination or source, then it is to the transfer manager to make that determination by reference to the destinationID (604 on The processing of posting messages from the inventory control program to both the general ledger and to the purchasing system is also instructive in this example XML profile. Route map �route3� defines a message route from the inventory control program to both the general ledger and to the purchasing system. Two transfer managers are described in the profile as being on �route3,� the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=2� and the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=3.� In this example, both the general ledger and the purchasing system are from different software developers and use completely different data structures for account postings. Assume that the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=2� transforms the data structure of an incoming message from the inventory control structure to the general ledger structure and that the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=3� transforms the data structure of an incoming message from the inventory control structure to the purchasing system structure. The adapter in this example makes a copy of the incoming posting message event from the inventory control transport, sends the original to the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=2� and the copy to the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=3.� On return of the call to the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=2,� the adapter forwards the original message event, now structured for use in the general ledger, to the sender in the transport for the general ledger. On return of the call to the transfer manager having <transferManager> attribute �order=3,� the adapter forwards the copy of the message event, now structured for use in the purchasing system, to the sender in the transport for the purchasing system. In all cases in this example, the transfer manager receiving a message simply processes the message without deciding whether to do so. The processing burden of deciding which transfer manager is to process which message is effectively shifted to the adapter object itself in dependence upon destination, source, and type information in the message event itself (references 604, 606, 607, for example, on In some embodiments, a transfer manager is called on more than one route through an adapter. Rather than effect multiple routings by use of multiple entries of transfer managers in a transfer modules element (speaking in terms of our XML example), in alternative exemplary embodiments it is advantageous to list the transfer mangers directly in the route map descriptions, as illustrated by the following example:
This example profile implements the exact same routes among senders and receivers as the earlier example profile. That is, route map �route1� describes a message route for messages of type �post� from a purchasing system to a general ledger, including routing through the first listed transfer manager, here identified with its identification name �xfrMgr1.� Route map �route2� defines a message route for acknowledgement messages from the general ledger to the purchasing system, including routing through the second listed transfer manager, here identified with its identification name �xfrMgr2.� And so on for the remaining three route maps. Unlike the first example, however, in this example the route identifiers in the transfer managers, mapID=�route1�, mapID=�route2�, and so on, are removed, and the transfer managers are associated with map routes by placing the names of the transfer managers directly in the map definitions as <transferManager>xfrMgrName1</transferManager>, <transferManager>xfrMgrName2</transferManager>, and so on. The fourth transfer manager, the one named �xfrMgr4,� is called on three routes through the adapter, the three identified as �route2,� �route4,� and �route5.� Creating (220) the transports (212) identified in the adapter profile (202) and configuring (222) the transports (212) in accordance with the configuration parameters (218) are carried out in many adapters according to embodiments of the present invention as illustrated by the exemplary class structures set forth in Often in this disclosure, software modules are described as �comprising� other software modules, as when an adapter is described of as �comprising� or �including� a transport, a sender, a receiver, or a transfer manager. It is useful to note that in the object oriented paradigm used most often in this disclosure to describe various exemplary embodiments of the invention, that one module comprises or includes another usually means that the first module possesses a reference or a pointer to the second module, as in a transport �has a� receiver, meaning that the transport holds in its member data elements a reference to the receiver object. In C++ it might be more common to administer references as pointers to objects, but for brevity and clarity in this disclosure, such relationships are usually described in terms of references. The arrows in An adapter (102) according to the example of Again with reference to
This example command instructs a Java Virtual Machine to load and instantiate an adapter name Adapter and run its member method named �main( )� (reference 520 on The list of transfer managers (542), the list of transports including their configuration parameters (544), and the list of route maps (555) are all described in In the method according to Here is an explanatory pseudocode example of a factory method:
In this pseudocode example, createReceiver( ) is a parameterized factory method. CreateReceiver( ) is called by, for example, Adapter.main( ) with a set of configuration parameter as parameters for the call. CreateReceiver( ) can be overloaded and called with any combination of configuration parameters supported by any receiver class supported in the factory method createReceiver( ). CreateReceiver( ) can support any number of concrete receiver classes. CreateReceiver( ) functions by selecting a receiver identification through a series of IF statements based upon the configuration parameters. CreateReceiver( ) then operates a switch( ) statement in dependence upon the receiver identification to select a concrete receiver class and instantiate from it a new receiver object. In this example, the class named �Receiver� is an abstract class from which all the other receiver classes inherit, thereby enabling createReceiver( ) to returns a reference of type �Receiver� that can in fact be a reference to any receiver class object. Calls to receiver objects from cooperating objects in an adapter can therefore be polymorphic. In this way, neither the transport, the adapter itself, nor any cooperating object or software module comprised within the adapter knows or cares which applications are being integrated nor which communications protocols are used to integrate them. All cooperation among objects within the adapter is rendered completely neutral, transparent, and modular with respect to application identities and communications protocols. The method illustrated in In terms of the exemplary data structures of
A member method in the adapter, either its constructor or its main( ) method, parses the profile identified as <ProfileName> by calling (622) the add methods ( The adapter (102) constructs (624) each transport described in the parsed transport list (544 on The adapter calls (634) a configure( ) method (566 on The adapter constructs (640) each transfer manager (120) identified in the profile or in the transfer manager list (542 on The adapter calls (641) a run( ) method (574 on
This example declares HTTPReceiver as a subclass of Thread and overrides the run( ) method from the Thread class, well known in current Java. The following exemplary Java code then can create a separate thread of execution and start it running:
This exemplifies one particular way to implement a receiver's run( ) method as a separate thread of execution, presented for explanation, not for limitation. There are many ways to start separate threads of execution for receivers as will occur to those of skill in the art, and all of them are well within the scope of the present invention. It is in this way generally, however, that an adapter instantiates and activates any number of receivers which then operate asynchronously with the adapter by, for example, use of event listeners as described in more detail below in this disclosure. Implementing receivers' run( ) methods asynchronously as parallel separate threads of execution, however, is not a general limitation for all embodiments of the invention. Some adapters according to embodiments of the present invention in fact do not implement receiver's run( ) methods asynchronously as parallel separate threads of execution. Some adapters according to embodiments of the present invention poll receiver's run( ) methods sequentially with blocking calls. In such embodiments, an adapter's main( ) method, for example, polls each receiver in turn through a blocking call to the receiver's run( ) method. Execution of the calling method pauses until the call to the run( ) method returns. Typically in such embodiments, the receiver's run( ) method checks for incoming messages, translates the encoding format of any incoming messages as needed, encapsulates the incoming message in a message event object, and returns to the calling adapter a reference to any message event object so created. Then the adapter calls the next receiver on its receiver list. In such embodiments, event listeners optionally and advantageously may not be used�or may be used less often than in asynchronous embodiments. At this point in processing, the receivers in our example adapter, having configured themselves with their configuration parameters and begun data communications operations in their protocols, are operating in accordance with their protocols, ready to receive messages, place the messages in message events, and hand them off to an event listener for processing through the adapter. That is, at this point, the adapter is constructed and running. The method of
Such a receiver proceeds by reading each C data elements and creating a corresponding XML element having the same name, type, and value. The C structure can be transmitted in compiled form, that is, encoded binary, or in uncompiled text appearing just as shown above. The transformation to XML preserves all structure in the data, the names, types, and values of the data elements, changing only the format from C to XML. As practical matter, in support of asynchronous operations inside the adapter, adapters implementing the method of Passing (706) the message event (716) to an event listener is carried out in our exemplary class structures by from a receiver to a transportEvent( ) method (532 on The method of The method of
The data format is the same for both structures, the interim format for translation, in this example, XML. The data structure itself, however, is altered in its data element names and values. In many exemplary embodiments of the method of In this example, the process(messageEvent) method (609) uses the source identification (606) and the destination identification (604) from the message event (602) to infer the filename of an XSLT style sheet from an arraylist (615) stored for that purpose in the transfer manager (619). The process( ) method (609) proceeds by calling an XSL processor (not shown), passing the name of the style sheet and the input XML as call parameters. The XSL processor reads the input XML and follows the instructions in the XSL style sheet; then it outputs the translated XML as its return to the process( ) method. Many XSL processors are readily available off-the-shelf from a variety of manufacturers including, for example, the well known �Xalan� XSLT processor available from the Apache Software Foundation. The method of The receiver (312) constructs (904) a message event object (536, class structure at 602 on The receiver (312) passes the message event object through a call (906) to a transportEvent( ) method (532 on The transportEvent( ) method in the event listener calls (906) each transfer manager listed in a transfer manager list (514 on The transportEvent( ) method in the sequence of Application integration adapters according to the method In fact, the method of Alterations can affect all adapter elements, transports, receivers, senders, transfer managers, and so on. Alterations can affect all adapter operations influenced by configuration parameters, telephone numbers, port numbers, network addresses, URIs, and so on. Some changes in configuration parameters are so drastic as to effectively require the entire replacement of a component, such as a complete change from one communications protocol to another. Alterations can include such changes: Adding to a running adapter integration support for an entirely new application with a new transport, new receiver, new sender, and zero or more new transfer managers. Alternations can include deleting or stopping operation of an existing receiver, sender, or transport manager while the remainder of the adapter continues operations without pausing, stopping, or restarting. Excluding pausing, stopping, or restarting, however, is not a limitation of the invention. Embodiments can include pausing, stopping, or restarting, and in fact administration integrations messages themselves can include instructions for alteration effecting pausing, stopping, or restarting of components of an adapter or an entire adapter. In the method of In many adapters implemented according to the method of In such embodiments, detecting (164) changes in the adapter profile (202) often also includes creating (158) a copy (203) of the profile and periodically (162) comparing (160) the profile (202) and the copy (162). That is, one way to receive instructions to alter an adapter is for the adapter itself to keep a copy of its profile and periodically compare the copy of the profile to the profile itself. If the profile changes between comparisons, then the changes in the profile are interpreted as instructions for alterations. That is, in such embodiments, changes in the profile comprise instructions for alterations. If, for example, in such an embodiment, the copy (203) of the profile is this:
If, for another example, the copy (203) of the profile is this:
If, for still another example, the copy (203) of the profile is this:
This example of instructions for altering an adapter includes instructions to change the operating parameters of the sender and receiver for an inventory control application. Changing parameters can be carried out by additional calls to configuration methods, such as, for example, those shown for receivers at reference (566) on In addition, the example instructions for alterations set forth just above in this disclosure include an instruction to delete a transfer manager embodied as Java class xfrMgr2.java and replace it with a transfer manager embodied as Java class xfrMgr3.java. Such a deletion can be carried out by use of a change detector class similar to the one described in the following pseudocode:
This examplary pseudocode declares ChangeDetector as a subclass of Thread and overrides the run( ) method from the Thread class, so that the change detector can operate asynchronously within the adapter to detect changes as they occur, or in this example at least, within one minute after they occur. The following exemplary Java pseudocode, typically called from a main( ) method in an adapter object (520 on
Such a change detector object can obtain references or filenames for profiles through its constructor or through an accessor method such as setAProfile( ). This example of a change detector object gets a reference to its adapter, again, from its constructor or from an accessor method such as setMyAdapter( ). Accessor methods can be called from Adapter.main( ) by the following exemplary pseudocode:
The method of
The alter( ) method accepts as call parameters a reference to an adapter and a string containing instructions for altering the adapter. The alter( ) method in this example is programmed to operate in accordance with the instructions for altering the adapter to create new adapter components, delete existing adapter components, or change the operating parameters of existing adapter components. In some embodiments, a method like the alter( ) example creates new adapter components in a manner similar to that described above in this disclosure for constructing adapters. That is, in altering an adapter according to the following instructions for alteration: In some embodiments, a method like the alter( ) example deletes existing adapter components by calling member methods in the components themselves. That is, in altering an adapter according to the following instructions for alteration: More particularly, in this example, the alter( ) method is programmed to call Adapter.deleteSender(String �snd1�) (reference 256 on Polled receivers are deleted in the same way, but asynchronous receivers operating in separate threads of execution advantageously have their threads stopped also. Java objects that inherit from Java's �Thread� class include a stop( ) method which abruptly halts operation of a Java thread. Java threads can also be stopped by including in them a separate method for signaling the need to stop by setting some member flag so that the run( ) method in such objects can check the flag regularly, detect the need to stop, and make an orderly return from the run( ) method. In the scope of the present invention, there is more than one way to receive instructions to alter an adapter. Applications sending administrative messages can be any application programmed to support administrative messages, such as, for example, a new application programmed to transmit upon its own startup an XML message over HTTP requesting adding to an adapter one or more transports, one or more receivers, one or more senders, and zero or more transfer managers to support integration of the new application with one or more other applications, including route mapping instructions. Because such a new application would have not yet have its own receiver to send the message, some embodiments provide and make public the network address of a receiver dedicated to listening for administrative messages. After a new application is coupled to its own receiver, then the new application thereafter can send its administrative messages directly to its own receiver in an adapter. For further explanation of the method of In this example, the transportEvent( ) method, having available to it the source, destination, and type of the administrative message in the message event, can identify, in dependence upon the source, destination, and message type values, a route map for the message event and route the message event carrying the instructions for altering the adapter to one more transfer managers just as would be done for any other message. Transfer managers can be programmed and organized in a route to carry out the details of altering the adapter, creating new components, deleting or changing parameters for existing components, and so on. As an alternative to using transfer managers to carry out alterations of adapters, in some embodiments, the transportEvent( ) method is programmed to note the messageType code of messageEvents passed to it and pass on the administrative messages to a member method designed to carry out the instructions for altering the adapter, such as, for example, the member method alter( ) (258 on
Adapter.alter( ) operates a little differently from ChangeDetector.alter( ). ChangeDetector.alter( ) accepts as call parameters a reference to an adapter and a string containing instructions for altering the adapter. Adapter.alter( ), however, is a member method within the adapter object of the adapter to be altered, so does not need a call parameter reference to the adapter. Also, the transportEvent( ) method in the event listener is programmed only to hand off the administrative message event, not to process it any further. The transportEvent( ) method, therefore, in this example, does not extract the message body, the instructions for altering the adapter, and pass it to Adapter.alter( ) as a String. Instead, the transportEvent( ) method passes to Adapter.alter( ) the entire message event, leaving it up to Adapter.alter( ) to extract the body of the message from the messageEvent object as a String comprising the instructions for altering the adapter. Subject to these exceptions, however, the operations of Adapter.alter( ) are similar to those of ChangeDetector.alter( ) described in detail above in this disclosure. That is, Adapter.alter( ) method is programmed to operate in accordance with the instructions for altering the adapter to create new adapter components, delete existing adapter components, or change the operating parameters of existing adapter components, as described in detail for ChangeDetector.alter( ) above in this disclosure. Receivers for administrative messages can be polled as well as asynchronous. In a typical polled embodiment, there would be no event listener and no transportEvent( ) method. Instead, the run( ) method in a receiver would return messageEvent directly to the polling function, in this example, the main( ) method in the adapter (520 on In adapters according to the method of It will be understood from the foregoing description that various modifications and changes may be made, and in fact will be made, in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from its true spirit. The descriptions in this specification are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed in a limiting sense. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the language of the following claims. Patent Citations
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Replies (11-20):
Gold Member
on Jul. 16, 2012 at 11:16 PM
Here's my sicko. ;) Think ill be taking him back to the clinic tomorrow for his eyes.....
Posted on CafeMom Mobile
Silver Member
on Jul. 17, 2012 at 8:34 AM
Oh no! I was just going to ask how he was doing and saw your pic. Poor guy!
Gold Member
on Jul. 17, 2012 at 9:21 PM
He's doing so much better today! His eyes were crusted closed when he woke up but no more gunk today. He seems to be feeling a lot better overall though. Hope so since we're leaving in the morning! Lol.
Posted on CafeMom Mobile
Silver Member
on Jul. 17, 2012 at 9:52 PM
Poor guy! Hope he's better soon! It's horrible to be sick, even worse when you're on a vacation away from home!!
Silver Member
on Jul. 17, 2012 at 10:52 PM
Aww- glad he's feeling better today. Have a safe trip back Jenny!
Gold Member
on Jul. 19, 2012 at 12:04 AM
Now we get to deal with the side effects of the antibiotics... Yuck!! Ended up having to change our plans bc of a funeral this Saturday. I'm hoping some of the messiness is gone by then!
Posted on CafeMom Mobile
Group Admin
on Jul. 19, 2012 at 7:41 AM
Not a fun trip to tx. Hang in there, and have a safe trip back
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subset: commoncrawl


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Devon and Taylor are long time friends. Both have daughters around the same age who have recently started dating. Unfortunately, they soon realize that their daughters are dating the same guy, Rocco, and when he comes over to pickup Taylor's daughter, both mothers try to convince Rocco to stay with their respective daughter. This leads to a fight that turns sexual, and Rocco soon finds out what it's like to be sandwiched by two sexy moms.
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is meh babes yes..ravin...muahz hun
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text:
New release of CyanogenMod 11 running Android 4.4.2 KitKat has been released for Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 and remains stable with no known bugs. In addition to default KitKat features, you can customise and control several aspects of the smartphone such as processor and apps.
CyanogenMod 11 February Firmware
New release of CyanogenMod 11 via Maclaw Studio has been posted for Samsung Galaxy Ace 2. It was released on February 17th which can be flashed using any recovery including stock version.
It remains a stable version with updates of CyanogenMod sources and major RIL improvements of the firmware for the device.
- 2D/3D hardware acceleration
- Audio output via speakers, headphones and microphone
- A-GPS and GPS with GLONASS
- Compass and sensors are working
- Wi-Fi and Bluetooth with A2DP
- All native tethering using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and USB
- CM 11 functions
- CPU sleep mode
- MTP storage function
- YouTube HQ
- Camera and video playback
- Working storages
- Offline charging
- Backlight notification support
- Built via Linaro toolchain
- Can be flashed via Odin tool
- Overclocking and undervolting
Like with the previous release, no known bugs have been found.
1. You must flash this custom ROM to the Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 only.
2. Root and install a custom recovery such as ClockworkMod recovery on the smartphone. But you can use the stock recovery if you desire to.
3. Create a manual backup of data files stored on the device.
4. Make sure that the battery life is at least 50 per cent.
5. Enable USB debugging mode.
6. Download the CM 11 ROM and Google Apps package to your computer.
Warning: CyanogenMod 11 requires manual installation and we are not responsible for any damages which may occur on your Galaxy Ace 2. Read and follow the instructions properly to avoid any errors to happen. Do this at your own risk.
Flashing Instructions
1. Connect your Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 to the computer using a USB cable.
2. Copy and paste the CyanogenMod 11 Android 4.4.2 firmware and Google Apps package to the SD card of the device. Don't extract any of the zip files.
3. Turn off the smartphone then reboot into recovery mode by pressing and holding volume up, home and power keys at the same time till the Samsung logo appears.
4. Create a nAndroid backup of the current ROM by selecting "backup and restore > backup." You may restore the older ROM anytime.
5. Perform a full wipe by selecting "wipe data/factory reset" and "wipe cache partition." Then select "advanced > wipe Dalvik cache."
6. Install the CM 11 Android 4.4.2 by selecting "install zip from SD card > choose zip from SD card > search for the zip file > confirm installation." Apply the same method on Google Apps zip file.
7. Once the installation has been completed, go back to the main menu then select "reboot system now."
8. Wait for at least five minutes till the device reaches the home screen.
If your Galaxy Ace 2 is running a previous CyanogenMod firmware, simply flash the ROM.
If you find any bugs or issues, send your feedback to Maclaw Studios Web page for Galaxy Ace 2.


text:
Richard Coles
The Rev Richard Coles is parish priest of St Mary the Virgin, Finedon, and a former member of the Communards
I can think of nothing more important for my realm than its housing – especially the parts that fake period features have disfigured
Richard Coles: the crime writer was courteous and perspicacious – and alert to the gap between what was said and what was done
Diarmaid MacCulloch considers the role of silence in church tradition and finds it not always a positive one, writes Richard Coles
Olympic torch route: the Guardian relay Olympic torch route, day 45: Wellingborough shrugs off past disaster to welcome the flame
The Rev Richard Coles says the town is happy to have the torch despite its Great Fire, 274 years ago
Alain de Botton's attempt to encourage secular society to steal religion's most fruitful ideas is admirable but ultimately hollow, says Richard Coles
Richard Coles: The Occupy London protest has been a PR disaster for us, but Christianity started badly too. We can learn
'Charity muggers', or street fundraisers, are a familiar sight in our town centres. But their pushiness, says the Rev Richard Coles, makes it easy to forget how good it is to give
Writers and broadcasters including Julie Myerson, Billy Bragg and Katharine Whitehorn give their reflections on the royal wedding
Richard Coles: Now that homosexuality is less frowned upon than ever, why is the church opposed to consecrating a gay priest?


text:
Burlesque Costume (ref: 69134)
Includes dress.
See more product detailsIncludes dress.
See more product detailsGot this costume? Want your photo to appear here? Tag your Instagrams with @jokersmasquerade and #jokers69134. How do I tag my photos?
Our Burlesque Costume is crafted from gorgeous black lace and a sumptuous red fabric to create a sultry look. A sexy and flattering fancy dress idea.
Includes: Dress.
The Burlesque Costume includes a short red dress a black lace corset-style top. The dress boasts red floral decorations and black netted peplums.
Sizes for this costume are:
October 16, 2012, by Geoffrey B - Voorburg, Netherlands
Excellent delivery time is the 1st thing i must say! Secondly, the costume is very good quality. Better than i expected. And it looks VERY sexy
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Welcome to Green Bay Packers NFL Football Forum & Community!
Packer Forum is one of the largest online communities for the Green Bay Packers.
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Big Announcement Coming for 2015 Football Season!!
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This notion that Ted is different from other GM's when it comes to the draft.
Discussion in '2011 Draft Archive' started by Calhoun Lambeau, Feb 17, 2011.


text:
Helpful (2)
"County Commissiners only care on reelection not patient care "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at JPS Health Network full-time (more than 10 years)
Never boring, used to enjoy equally dedicated coworkers(most gone).
Same weekend shift dif pay over 20 years. Tendency to run off quality workers and coddle lazy ones. Whenever a new CEO has to step in every 4-5 years, they make an appearance of making improvements, then its back to the same old, short on supplies/staffing. Hired extras in the Blood Bank to comply for Trauma 1 status/Medicaid reimbursement, but back to one worker per shift on weekends again.
Advice to Management
Stop caring about what County Commissioners think and concentrate on quality patient care.
- Any Location
- Any Job Title
Helpful (1)
"Good "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at JPS Health Network
RecommendsApproves of CEOPros
A great place to work
I thinkam There is a high stress level that all employees must deal with in all partsof the health care setting.
Advice to Management
To releave some of the stress at any job there more staffing to help with stressful situations in the physic department.
Helpful (1)
"Learning experience but in the past 3 years a negative shift in culture "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Career Opportunities
I worked at JPS Health Network
Doesn't RecommendDisapproves of CEOPros
Teaching facility with opportunities to learn
Staff are generally good to work with and competent
Good feeling about helping others
PTO cashout and PTO rollover each yearCons
Executive leadership relies on contract consultants to run the organization while the budget is tight money is always found for outside contract consultants.
High turnover of executives and middle management.
Out with the old and in with the new
Staff have little regard and respect for executive leadership and afraid for their jobs.Advice to Management
Identify key players in the organization that have the skill, passion, competence to impact the negative culture of the organization, patient satisfaction and low staff morale. These key players need to be a part of the organization and not a hired "consultant". Put an end to the joke routine that the CEO demonstrates which it is disrespectful to hard working employees.


text:
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Vacation Inn PhoenixDog-Friendly Hotels2420 West Thomas RoadPhoenix,Arizona 85015Call 866-676-3077 To Book This Hotel Get Map or Directions The Vacation Inn Phoenix is conveniently located near the junction of I-10 and I-17. There are several popular restaurants within walking distance, including a coffee shop. Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum and Arizona State Fairgrounds are one mile from the hotel. U.S. Airways Center is three miles away. The hotel is seven miles from Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport. Downtown Phoenix is a 10-minute drive. Chase Field, home of the Arizona Diamondbacks, is a short 10 minute drive from the Vacation Inn. The pet friendly Vacation Inn offers guests a Complimentary breakfast, free Wi-Fi and an outdoor pool and hot tub. Other hotel amenities include free parking, free high speed wireless internet, a business center, copy and fax services, and coffee service in the lobby. All 140 guest rooms are well equipped with free wireless high speed internet access, free local calls, coffee maker, microwave, mini fridge, iron and board, cable TV with extra stations, hair dryer, individually controlled heat and air conditioning, and electronic door locks.Dogs are welcome at this hotel.
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"Positively Anticipated, ...But Really Disappointed"
=Loved all 12 Books re: Harry Dresden - in no small part due to reader. The new voice (Dion Graham) for this short novella, although an artist with some talent, turns Harry into an afro-american who changes pronunciation of key elements relating to the history of adventures that ignore the fact that the main character was apparently shot dead in the previous installment. Dion could have at least listened to James Marsters excellent work in the previous 12.
=Less than half way thru the second story, I'm enjoying Richard Poe's reading skills, as I did with his interpretation of Robert Langdon in Dan Brown's blockbusters. However, the story is bogging me down with every thing & the kitchen sink of supernatural elements thrown in that are more distracting than engaging due to the mere volume of inclusion without being germane or engaging. Sorry.
"Did Not Disappoint"
-a bit of time to get engaged in characters, but really worth the ride. Jim Butcher is a great story teller


text:
Weatherford U.S., L.P. filed as a Foreign Limited Partnership (LP) in the State of Texas on Friday, December 29, 1995 and is approximately twenty years old, according to public records filed with Texas Secretary of State. The filing is currently active as of the last data refresh which occured on Tuesday, April 14, 2015. A corporate filing is called a foreign filing when an existing corporate entity files in a state other than the state they originally filed in. This does not necessarily mean that they are from outside the United States.
Weatherford U.S., L.P. also lists another corporation as a key member of the company. Wus Holding, L.L.C. serves as General Partner .
Key roles for Weatherford U.S., L.P. |
Wus Holding, L.L.C.
General Partner ,
Active |
Filing Type: | Foreign Limited Partnership |
Status: | Active |
State: | Florida |
State ID: | B96000000066 |
Date Filed: | Wednesday, February 21, 1996 |
Filing Type: | Foreign Limited Partnership (LP) |
Status: | Active |
State: | Texas |
State ID: | 8603611 |
Date Filed: | Friday, December 29, 1995 |
Comprehensive Insight Plus Report |
Learn More |
The D&B Comprehensive Insight Plus Report for Weatherford U.S., L.P. combines D&B's proprietary statistical scoring with business, payment and financial information all in one report. | |
US Company Profile Report |
Learn More |
The D&B U.S. Company Profile contains basic information such as address and telephone number, executive names and titles, line of business and SIC codes, D-U-N-S Numbers, organization status, and year and location of incorporation for Weatherford U.S., L.P.. |


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Home Lighting is proud to present this bronze finished mini pendant, by Maxim Lighting. The 25038BZ/BUI is made from premium materials, this Mini Pendant offers great function and value for your home. This fixture is part of Maxim Lighting's decorative Mini Hi-Bay Collection, so make sure to check out other mediterranean fixtures to accessorize your room.
Maxim Lighting Mini Hi-Bay 1-Light Pendant Stem Hung
Product #:
(783209017689 - 190764)
Save 34%
Price: $114.00
Originally $174.00
Available for immediate FREE SHIPPING
within the continental USA when ordered by 11:59PM May 6, 2015.
Small pendants reminiscent of yesteryear are available in your choice of Bronze, Antique Copper, Satin Nickel, and Polished Nickel. In addition to the numerous metal shades, glass shades in Clear, Mirror Smoke, and Satin White are also offered. The optional Antique Replica light bulb adds to the authentic look.
Finish: | Bronze Finish |
Collection: | Mini Hi-Bay |
Light Source: | MB Incandescent |
Style: | Mediterranean |
Wire: | 36 |
Height: | 2.75" |
Width: | 5" |
Weight: | 2lbs. |
Bulbs: | 1 |
Base: | MB Incandescent |
Max Watts: | 60 |
Bulbs Included: | Yes |
Warranty: | 1 year |
Location: | Dry |
Shipping: | L:13.5"x W:3.5"x H:5.5"-2.5lbs. |
NEED HELP? Call 800-985-9475
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Maxim Lighting produts.


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February 5, 2009 The Power Of Staying Positive As Blessed As You Want to Be
Our thoughts are not simply ethereal pieces of information that enter our minds and then disappear. The words and ideas that we think can shape our lives and drive us toward success and happiness or failure and distress. How you think and feel can have a profound effect on your ability to recognize opportunity, how well you perform, and the outcome of the goals that you've set for yourself. When you maintain an optimistic outlook and make an effort to harbor only positive thoughts, you begin to create the circumstances conducive to you achieving what you desire. You feel in control and few of life's challenges seem truly overwhelming because it is in your nature to expect a positive conclusion. An optimistic mind is also an honest one. Staying positive does not mean that you ignore difficulties or disregard limitations. Instead, it means spending time focusing only on the thoughts that are conducive to your well-being and progress.
For more information visit dailyom.com
This article is printed from DailyOM - Inspirational thoughts for a happy, healthy and fulfilling day.
© 2004-15 DailyOM - All Rights Reserved
No portion of this site can be reprinted without express permission


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Keep up to date with Peterson Institute publications, events, and interviews via email, podcast, or RSS. More information on subscription options.
Use filters to narrow your search through our publications and events.
Jacob Funk Kirkegaard, coauthor of US Pension Reform: Lessons from Other Countries, assesses the vulnerabilities of the US Social Security and pension systems and how other countries are tackling the same problems.
Book: US Pension Reform: Lessons from Other Countries February 2009
A Dramatic Opening with Cuba December 18, 2014
A Breakthrough on Trade November 21, 2014
Battle to Save the Export-Import Bank September 17, 2014
Record Fine for France's Biggest Bank July 2, 2014
Can the Ex-Im Bank Be Salvaged? June 23, 2014
The US Supreme Court Upends the World of Sovereign Debt June 17, 2014
Annals of Economic Nationalism: Part II May 2, 2014
A Japanese Breakthrough on the TPP? April 25, 2014
The IMF's Existential Crisis April 9, 2014
Has Harry Reid Killed Obama's Trade Agenda? January 30, 2014


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Unlockable Elemental Arrows and Skulltulas Spiders - The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
Unlockable Elemental Arrows and Skulltulas Spiders
Unlock Elemental Arrows
Complete the following tasks to unlock the corresponding Elemental Arrows.
Unlock Ice Arrow:
Complete the Gerudo Training Ground.
Unlock Fire Arrow:
After the Water Temple shoot the sun.
Unlock Light Arrow:
Beat ALL the temples and then talk to Shiek.
The following items are unlocked by killing the corresponding number of Skulltulas Spiders. When you have killed the skulltulas spiders collect the tokens and go to the Skulltula House in Kakariko Village to get your prize.
Unlock Adult Wallet:
Collect 10 Skulltula Tokens.
Unlock Stone of Agony:
Collect 20 Skulltula Tokens.
Unlock Giant's Wallet:
Collect 30 Skulltula Tokens.
Unlock Bombchus:
Collect 40 Skulltula Tokens.
Unlock Piece of Heart:
Collect 50 Skulltula Tokens.
Unlock Huge Rupee:
Collect 100 Skulltula Tokens.
Added by: Sanzano Aug 24th 2007, ID#6105
Who's Playing
Game Guide
Added 26th Jul 2012, ID #168809


text:
Key things you need to know aboutDr. Kerbs:
Dr. Kerbs' Experience
Research training, expertise and qualifications
Dr. Kerbs' Specialties
- Orthopedic Surgery
- View 1 specialty and 1 board certification
Procedures Dr. Kerbs Performs
- Carpal Tunnel Release
- De Quervain's Release
- See all 32 procedures
Conditions Dr. Kerbs Treats
- Achilles Tendinitis
- Adhesive Capsulitis
- See all 69 conditions
More About Dr. Kerbs' Background
Hospital Quality
The right hospital is as important as the right doctor
- Medcentral Health System
- 335 Glessner Avenue
- Mansfield, OH 44903
- Bucyrus Community Hospital
- 629 North Sandusky Avenue
- Bucyrus, OH 44820
9 Facts About Hospital Quality
Patients' risk of dying during a hospital stay for heart bypass surgery could be 85.2% lower, on average, at a hospital rated 5 stars compared to a hospital rated 1 star for that procedure. Choosing the right hospital is critical to your health. View Slideshow
Patient Satisfaction
Patients' feedback on their experience with Dr. Kerbs
Likelihood of recommending Dr. Kerbs to family and friends is 4.2 out of 5
See More Survey Results
8 Facts About Patient Satisfaction Surveys
Patient satisfaction surveys provide a standardized way of reporting about healthcare experiences. But there can be more than meets the eye when reviewing scores. Here's what you should know
Appointments & Offices
Check insurance plans, locations and make an appointment
Accepting new patients?
- Yes
- Galion Community Hosp Ortho Ctr
- Galion Community Hosp Ortho Ctr
- 955 Hosford Rd
- Galion, OH 44833
7 Tips to Prepare for Your Appointment
The key to a successful appointment is communication. To get the most out of your visit, prepare ahead of time so you can lead the conversation with your doctor. These 7 tips will get you ready


text:
Start caling Pluto an asteroid…
and it starts acting like one.
Monthly Archives: March 2008
Mitosis – LOLcats
Mitosis in action.
Via icanhascheezburger
Unusual units of measure
Design by Harry White.
Via BoingBoing
Anaesthetists – The secret
Is This What Anesthetists Do (While the Patient Is Asleep)?
Anaesthetists Hymn (AMATEUR TRANSPLANTS)
Listen de Beep.
A cup of coffee.
Via Of Two Minds
Cloning – The Tie
I´ve sucessfully cloned myself.
Click to see complete.


text:
This profile for Heartland Bank and Trust is located in Quincy, IL. Heartland Bank and Trust industry is listed as Federal Savings Institution.
Mark Tyrpin serves as the Branch Manager
Key roles for Heartland Bank and Trust |
Mark Tyrpin
Branch Manager
Active |
James J. Stebor
Inactive |
Joelle Fohey
Inactive |
Comprehensive Insight Plus Report |
Learn More |
The D&B Comprehensive Insight Plus Report for Heartland Bank and Trust combines D&B's proprietary statistical scoring with business, payment and financial information all in one report. | |
US Company Profile Report |
Learn More |
The D&B U.S. Company Profile contains basic information such as address and telephone number, executive names and titles, line of business and SIC codes, D-U-N-S Numbers, organization status, and year and location of incorporation for Heartland Bank and Trust. |


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Sheriff's Community Assistance Volunteer Paul Dutton talks with Dr. Dorothy Beeve and Laurie Herbert. Community members from Montrose-Verdugo City, Crescenta Valley & La Cañada Flintridge Chamber of Commerce mingle, taste food, and see what local vendors have to offer during this years Expo held at Verdugo Hills Hospital on Wednesday, Sept. 18, 2013. (Photo by Ross A. Benson / September 18, 2013) |
New businesses in the Crescenta Valley area got to know their neighbors a little better on Wednesday night.
The 13th annual Foothills Community Business Expo at USC Verdugo Hills Hospital allowed residents to tour booths for about 67 local businesses and organizations and network with other professionals. The event attracted about 500 people.
Entertainment, food samples, refreshments and document shredding services rounded out the night. The Crescenta Valley, La Cañada Flintridge, and Montrose-Verdugo City chambers of commerce sponsored the event with the hospital.
-- Tiffany Kelly, firstname.lastname@example.com
Follow on Google+ and on Twitter: @LATiffanyKelly.
Neighbors yell 'cut' on filming in La Cañada
La Cañada Crime: intoxicated movie-goer thrown out of theater


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Alex Smith Ready for Hostile Buffalo Crowd
(KANSAS CITY, Mo.) -- The Kansas City Chiefs road to a 9-0 start to 2013 will go through Buffalo on Sunday when they take on the Bills (3-5).
Kansas City is 3-0 this season away from Arrowhead Stadium and quarterback Alex Smith is expecting a loud Ralph Wilson Stadium.
"I mean, they're all hostile. For me, I'm not thinking about comparing them or anything. They're all, as an offense going in, they all present challenges, playing on the road, dealing with crowd noise," Smith said on Wednesday as the Chiefs prepare for Buffalo. "From my perspective, yeah, it's a loud place, but seems like every time we play on the road is a loud place."
The Bills defense is allowing 26.6 points per game this season, but Smith isn't looking past the team getting up for an 8-0 team.
"They're a good group. You turn on the film, they're a talented group and I think it starts with their front. I think they're second in the NFL in sacks. They get a lot of pressure, especially with the front four. They create a lot of turnovers; they're very unorthodox in the back end," said Smith, who has thrown for 1,795 yards and nine touchdowns eight games in. "They run a lot of different coverages and try to confuse you. They've had success and created a lot of turnovers. We certainly have our hands full this week."
The Bills are 2-2 at home this season.
Copyright 2013 ABC News Radio


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Amazon: The Truth Behind the Click
It's the online retailer that has transformed the way we shop, but how does Amazon treat the workers who retrieve our orders? Working conditions in the company's giant warehouses have been condemned by unions as among the worst in Britain. Panorama goes undercover to find out what happens after we fill our online shopping basket.
Last on
Fri 29 Nov 2013 00:20
More episodes
Role | Contributor |
Reporter | Richard Bilton |
Producer | Michael Price |
Executive Producer | Andrew Head |
Editor | Tom Giles |


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The SR-71 Blackbird flew reconnaissance missions starting in 1966 at speeds exceeding Mach 3 and altitudes of 85,000 feet. (Lockheed Martin Corp. / June 21, 2013) |
Few places in the aerospace industry are as revered as Lockheed Martin Corp.'s Skunk Works.
For decades, employees at the secretive site have designed and built the some of the most innovative military aircraft ever built.
The U-2 spy plane. The SR-71 Blackbird. The F-117 Nighthawk.
It got its nickname in 1943 at its original Burbank headquarters, which was located next to a manufacturing plant that produced a strong odor.
This week, the shadowy weapons development facility in Palmdale silently celebrated its 70th anniversary.


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[April 13, 2012]
Amodei pushes Yerington plan
Apr 13, 2012 (Congressional Documents and Publications/ContentWorks via COMTEX) -- WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Congressman Mark Amodei (NV-2) today praised the decision by the House Natural Resources Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests and Public Lands to hold a legislative hearing for H.R. 4039, the Yerington Land Conveyance and Sustainable Development Act, on Tuesday, April 17. The hearing is the important first step before the bill can be marked up by the committee and brought to the House floor for consideration.
Story continues below ↓
Congressman Amodei: "For more than four years, the City of Yerington and Lyon County have worked on this sustainable development plan to enable all community stakeholders to benefit from an increase in adjacent private lands. The conveyance of Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land would enable the city and county to grow while providing needed tax revenue and the potential for hundreds of long-term, high-paying jobs.
"Nevada's unemployment rate is the highest in the nation and Lyon County's is the highest in Nevada. According to the Nevada Department of Employment, Training and Rehabilitation, in February roughly 6,500 Nevadans gave up looking for a job and left the labor force all together. If we're serious about the economy, then this community-driven plan, with no cost to taxpayers, is exactly the sort of thing the federal government needs to fast-track.
"I want to thank Chairman Rob Bishop (UT-1) for recognizing how important this legislation is to my constituents. I appreciate the support of the Nevada House delegation -- Representatives Berkley and Heck -- and I thank Senator Heller, who introduced companion legislation in the Senate. I trust that the Senate will recognize the urgency of the economic conditions in Lyon County and will also move quickly to advance the community's plan." H.R. 4039, the Yerington Land Conveyance and Sustainable Development Act The bill would convey approximately 10,000 acres of land administered by BLM to the City of Yerington for commercial, industrial, recreational and cultural development. The city and Lyon County are seeking to leverage the substantial infrastructure investments being made by Nevada Copper at its nearby Pumpkin Hollow project.
Nevada Copper, which broke ground on the Pumpkin Hollow project in February, invested nearly $50 million in exploration to justify the $1 billion investment necessary to fully develop the mine. The mine will produce 250 to 300 million pounds of copper per year. The initial shaft sinking is already producing economic benefits with the creation of 30 to 40 jobs. An additional 250 to 500 construction jobs could start in 2013 if the land transfer is successful. At full operation in 2015-2016, Pumpkin Hollow is projected to employ 750 to 800 people directly.
WHAT: Legislative hearing, H.R. 4039 (and other bills) WHEN: Tuesday, April 17, starting at 10:00 a.m. ET WHERE: Room 1324, Longworth House Office Building Read this original document at:
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Consumer Reports is moving aggressively into mobile in a bid to reach younger readers. The magazine has added an iPad application that consumers can buy separately or have included with a print subscription, as well as seven new smartphone apps. The costliest new phone app, at $4.99 a year, lets users scan product bar codes to access Consumer Reports reviews.
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Updated | |
Artist | udra11 |
Rating | |
Daily Users | 1 |
License |
Customize your browser with Free images from Dreamstime! You can now color and brighten all your world wide web experiences with outstanding high quality images. Pick your favorites and wear as many as 11 million different personas with more to add!
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mountain mountains landscape beautiful colorful nature image landmark top dreamstime nature scenery scene abstract


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Simon Messer
Film maker and photographer from Edinburgh. I started taking stills just to inform my work with video. Now I can't stop.
JPG+ Required
Collections are a JPG+ feature. You must be a JPG+ member to create new collections and to add photos to collections.
Sign up for JPG+ to start using collections now!
Enter "The Great Outdoors"!
Q: Theme suggestion
A: Do you know?


text:
Enhances advertising, editorial, film, video, TV, Websites, and mobile experiences.
1 Like
Cascata di Saent-Waterfall, in Val di Rabbi, Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio, Trentino, Italy
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol consists of two provinces: Trento and Bolzano-Bozen. The region was part of Austria-Hungary (and its predecessor, the Austrian Empire) from 1815 until its annexation by Italy in 1919. Together with the Austrian state of Tyrol it is represented by the Euroregion Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino.More informations on Wikipedia


text:
Find a copy in the library
Finding libraries that hold this item...
Genre/Form: | Exhibitions |
Additional Physical Format: | Online version: Lee, Sherman E. Asian art. [New York] Asia Society; distributed by New York Graphic Society [1970] (OCoLC)563130916 |
Named Person: | John D Rockefeller, III |
Document Type: | Book |
All Authors / Contributors: |
Sherman E Lee; Asia House Gallery.; Asia Society. |
OCLC Number: | 112747 |
Notes: | "Catalogue of an exhibition ... shown in the Asia House Gallery in the fall of 1970 as an activity of the Asia Society." |
Description: | 94 pages plates (some color) 28 cm |
Contents: | India -- Southeast Asia -- China -- Japan. |
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""Not everything can fly. We will not install a swimming pool or a fireplace. That is not possible.""
Schubach Aviation Introduces Jet Card
Business Jet Traveler » February 2009
Sunday, February 1, 2009 - 4:00am
Schubach Aviation, which operates 21 aircraft, has introduced a jet card membership program. The San Diego-based charter operator lists benefits as a "5-percent savings on all Schubach flights, risk-free refundable balance, complimentary in-flight service, concierge service, priority availability and upgrades and detailed monthly statements." All its aircraft, according to Schubach, meet or exceed ARG/US Gold safety standards.
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