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Next Gen Graphics and Process Migration: 20 nm and Beyond
The Really Good Times are Over
We really do not realize how good we had it. Sure, we could apply that to budget surpluses and the time before the rise of global terrorism, but in this case I am talking about the predictable advancement of graphics due to both design expertise and improvements in process technology. Moore's law has been exceptionally kind to graphics. We can look back and when we plot the course of these graphics companies, they have actually outstripped Moore in terms of transistor density from generation to generation. Most of this is due to better tools and the expertise gained in what is still a fairly new endeavor as compared to CPUs (the first true 3D accelerators were released in the 1993/94 timeframe).
The complexity of a modern 3D chip is truly mind-boggling. To get a good idea of where we came from, we must look back at the first generations of products that we could actually purchase. The original 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics was comprised of a raster chip and a texture chip, each contained approximately 1 million transistors (give or take) and were made on a then available .5 micron process (we shall call it 500 nm from here on out to give a sense of perspective with modern process technology). The chips were clocked between 47 and 50 MHz (though often could be clocked up to 57 MHz by going into the init file and putting in "SET SST_GRXCLK=57"… btw, SST stood for Sellers/Smith/Tarolli, the founders of 3Dfx). This revolutionary graphics card at the time could push out 47 to 50 megapixels and had 4 MB of VRAM and was released in the beginning of 1996.
My first 3D graphics card was the Orchid Righteous 3D. Voodoo Graphics was really the first successful consumer 3D graphics card. Yes, there were others before it, but Voodoo Graphics had the largest impact of them all.
In 1998 3Dfx released the Voodoo 2, and it was a significant jump in complexity from the original. These chips were fabricated on a 350 nm process. There were three chips to each card, one of which was the raster chip and the other two were texture chips. At the top end of the product stack was the 12 MB cards. The raster chip had 4 MB of VRAM available to it while each texture chip had 4 MB of VRAM for texture storage. Not only did this product double performance from the Voodoo Graphics, it was able to run in single card configurations at 800x600 (as compared to the max 640x480 of the Voodoo Graphics). This is the same time as when NVIDIA started to become a very aggressive competitor with the Riva TnT and ATI was about to ship the Rage 128.
Read the entire editorial here!
Process technology at this time improved in leaps and bounds. Intel was always at or near the lead with others like IBM and Motorola keeping pace. TSMC was the first Pure-Play foundry selling line space to 3rd parties and others such as Chartered and UMC were competitive across all of their lines. TSMC has traditionally been the go-to foundry for the graphics industry, but around this time UMC was a close second. Within one and a half years from the introduction of the Voodoo 2 and TnT class of graphics adapters, TSMC was offering 250 nm lines for willing customers. NVIDIA was one of the first with the TnT 2 products, followed closely by 3dfx and the Voodoo 3. ATI was a little bit behind with the Rage 128 Pro, but they were making progress in keeping up.
Right after this we were introduced to the half-step for process nodes. TSMC released their 220 nm process for production and NVIDIA jumped on board with the original GeForce 256. We did not see the big jump in power and die size benefits that a full process node can give, but it did provide a quick transition for designers going to the next advanced node. Moving along we see the introduction of the 180 nm node and the GeForce 2 class of products. The GeForce 2 GTS was a 25 million transistor chip that was running at 200 MHz. Go back to the 2 million transistor Voodoo Graphics and we see that the chip design of the GeForce 2 GTS is 12.5x more complex running at four times the speed. Between the Voodoo Graphics and GeForce 2 GTS we see only a span of four years between these developments.
The NVIDIA Riva TnT was the first serious competitor for 3Dfx's lineup of cards, including the then new Voodoo 2.
The pace did not slow down there. Next up was the 150 nm half node from TSMC and the GeForce 3 series. This chip was a monster for the time. It was one of the first consumer level products that had a transistor count of around 57 million. The GeForce 4, which was released a year after the GeForce 3 and still using the 150 nm process bumped that count up to around 67 million. Then came the monster from ATI. The R300, which powered the Radeon 9700 Pro, was an astonishing 107 million transistors on the same 150 nm process. In the two years between 2000 and 2002 we see another quadrupling of transistor counts between two process nodes (and a half node at that) and another 100 to 150 MHz of speed for a complex GPU.
Around 2004 things started to slow down a bit, but that is a relative term as compared to the first eight years in 3D graphics. I had written an article at my old site that covered what I had expected to be a problem in the years following. "Slowing Down the Process Migration" discussed the inevitable slowing of process node transitions due to issues in materials, design strategies, and plain old physics. Little did I know some of the major issues that plagued the 130 nm jump (migrating voids, design rule changes midstream, etc.) would be solved and we again returned to a very regular cadence of process improvements. 130 nm lead to 110, 90, 80, 65, 55, 45, 40, 32, and now 28 nm. Graphics products did not inhabit every node, but they hit all of the major ones (45 and 32 nm were absent from most graphics platforms).
So where are we at now? In 2003 the top end product was the Radeon 9800 XT running at 412 MHz and was comprised of 117 million transistors using TSMC's highly optimized 150 nm process. Today we are looking at the GTX TITAN based on the NVIDIA GK110 processor that weighs in at 7 billion transistors and around 850 MHz. This represents twice the raw clockspeed and an astonishing 70 times more complex in transistor design in the span of ten years. It is absolutely no wonder that we are spoiled by the constant stream of new products that advance the state of the art on a yearly basis with a major process node improvement every 18 months or so.
With this highly aggressive pace from year to year, why are we in graphics name only refresh-land right now? I am starting to see a lot of commenters discussing their displeasure at both NVIDIA and AMD for their lack of a true, next-generation GPU. The GK104 that originally powered the GTX 680 has morphed into a variety of products including the GTX 770 and GTX 760. The GTX TITAN based on GK110 was released last year and it has been repurposed for the GTX 780. AMD refreshed their lineups with last year's Tahiti and Pitcairn chips, and the top end Hawaii chip (R9 290X) only reaches the complexity of last year's GK110. These parts are all based on TSMC's 28 nm process. Where exactly are the new chips and why aren't we at 20 nm yet?
Thanks! I woke up this morning to weather that was -3C this AM! Happy cold days to you as well!
Wow Josh, great article, I'm with you on this. you really have a passion for this.
Great article!
I do think you got a bit speculative on the impact of mobile chips and on the supposed decline of the desktop graphics market... there has been some research recently showing that the desktop graphics segment is actually healthy and growing.
I think this needs substantiation and cannot be assumed:
"Remember, desktop graphics is actually a shrinking market due to the effective integration of graphics not just in the mobile space, but also with higher powered CPUs/APUs from Intel and AMD."
Desktop graphics are not growing, they are shrinking. But they are not shrinking that much. Intel and AMD have such good integrated graphics anymore, a large portion of the people who would previously have been bundled with a low end card are now just integrated.
The sky is not falling on discrete graphics though, it just is not growing anymore. Mobile IS growing, and that is where a lot of the R&D is going.
I agree that a lot of R&D is going into mobile. However, things like this:
suggest that there is growth occuring in the discrete graphics segment.
That's why I said that there needs to be some substantiation of the idea that mobile + integrated GPUs are detrimental to discrete GPU growth.
Discrete isn't growing though. Take a look at some of the J Peddie numbers over the past few years. Sure, gaming systems are not being affected by the PC slowdown, but there are fewer shipments now than there were 3 years ago for discrete graphics. It isn't plummeting, and it is a healthy market, but it just isn't growing. All of the growth is mobile right now.
HAHA I still have my voodoo 2's and sli cable!
The man is a repository of knowledge. Ryan is truly lucky.
And I bathe regularly!
Wow cool article.
As for the innovations in GPUs on 20nm. Well there is HyperCube or Stacked GDDR5 memory. You will get a marginally better GPU die but because the bandwidth is going to sky rocket it will seem like Christmas again...
Also AMD had a stacked DRAM prototype spotted in the wild in 2011. Why didn't it hit the market earlier? Maybe it needs time to be introduced to the market or maybe they saved this architectural revelation for the tough times, that the 20 nm without FDSOI is going to be...
Also come to think about it, should a GPU have 1 TB/s of bandwidth to main memory with improved latency at the same time, a lot of the on-die caches could be removed and pave way for more computational resources in the same die area. Of course the engineers will have to do their job and pick the right choices, but this is a possible outcome of new architectural breakthroughs that are orthogonal to the silicon production process.
So my point is, that the 290X/Titan replacement may in fact be a massive performance leap forward irrespective of the 20nm problems.
All the "next-generation 14nm" nodes are very similar, they're basically "20nm" metal (64nm pitch double-patterned) with faster transistors -- this applies to Intel "14nm" TriGate, TSMC "16nm" FinFET, GF "14nm" FinFET, ST "14nm" FDSOI Samsung "14nm" FinFET, there probably isn't a single feature on any of the chips which is 14nm but they had to call them something which was better than 20nm.
TSMC wouldn't call theirs 14nm because "fourteen" sounds like "go towards death" in Chinese -- and STs 14nm FDSOI used to be called 20nm (which was at least honest) until their marketing realised that everyone else was calling their similar processes 14nm, so they renamed it...
They're all a big advance on standard "20nm" planar (with the same metal stack) because lower leakage and lower operating voltage means lower power.
The issues are the risk and production difficulties and cost with new transistor structures, especially FinFET where Intel certainly had (and have?) issues with process variability, in spite of the fast they can sell both fast/leaky chips and slow/low power ones for more money than typical ones.
For all these processes (and 20nm bulk planar) the cost per gate is similar to or even higher than 28nm HKMG, which removes one of the big drivers for going to the next process node for many products. The industry was expecting EUV to come along and save its bacon, this not only hasn't happened yet but will certainly miss the next node after these ("10nm") which will need triple patterning -- and good look with that, both for design and cost.
So the lower power and higher density will mean that more functionality can be crammed onto one chip, but also that this will cost more -- which is an alien concept to an industry that for the last 40 years has assumed that the next process node will deliver more band for the same buck. Consumers may be in for a nasty shock when they find that their next super iGadget is even more expensive...
Thank goodness for marketing and superstition to drive process naming! Thanks for the info. So strange to see these "advanced" nodes with the 20 nm back end. Gonna be an interesting next few years of process tech. Now we wait and see if all that money the industry invested in EUV will ever come to fruition.
came to this site first time, very impressive article, great read, thanks for that!! will stop by more often :)
" It looks to compete with the GTX TITAN, but it will not leapfrog that part. It will probably end up faster, but by a couple of percentage points. It will not be the big jump we have seen in the past such as going from a GTX 580 or HD 6970 to a GTX 680 or HD 7970."
Thats not really a fair comparison... you are comparing generational leaps compared to competing products.
The generational leap for the R290x is from the 7970. Similarly the GTX 780 is the generational leap from the GTX 680.
As for for how the R290x compares to the 7970.. it is about 59% faster give or take the application. Thats the biggest leap generation to generation for as long as I can remember.
Well, those really aren't generational leaps. They are bigger products based on the same GCN and Kepler architectures that were introduced with the HD 7970 and GTX 680 respectively. Titan has been out around a year now, and only now does AMD have an answer for that. All of them are based on 28 nm. So, those big chips are nice jumps in performance, but they are not the big architectural leaps that we have seen from the GTX 580 to GTX 680 or the HD 6970 to the HD 7970.
Are theese mostly PR related or people just start assumptions from having a "%30 lower power consumption" on a "sram array" that, it will also be on the same level on 400mm2 GPU? Or both?
Some is a bit of marketing hype, but the basics of timelines and products seems to be in line with what is expected. Yes, there will be smaller chips, there will be more power efficient chips, but I think we will see some power/clock scaling issues with 20 nm planar. It will be a better overall process than 28 nm HKMG, but do not expect miracles at the high end with large chips. I could be out in left field, but it seems awfully positive and shiny in that blog.
Great article Josh
Wonderful article!
I wish everyone could read this so we would stop hearing all the "wahhh Intel/AMD/Nvidia doesn't care about enthusiasts anymore" nonsense. Transistors don't just get smaller on their own.
You rock, Josh -- great piece. A few clarifications. IBM is still using PD-SOI at 22nm in Power8 (see http://bit.ly/15saFUm). They've got SOI-FinFET lined up for 14nm. The FD-SOI crowd is skipping directly from 28nm to 14nm, which they say will be ready next year before 14nm (bulk) FinFET (see http://bit.ly/1cGjZgi). (Tho 28nm FDSOI is already pretty awesome in terms of power & perf -- it's what got 3GHz & an extra day of smartphone battery life - see http://bit.ly/1hPLvri). And ST's capacity in France is much more than you've indicated -- and now they're in the process of doubling it (thank you, Europe!) so they'll be at 4500 wafer starts/week by the end of 2014 (see http://bit.ly/1bdvMfr). Leti will have models available for 10nm FDSOI in a couple months, and PDKs in Q314 (see http://bit.ly/1bdwadP).
Really good info here! Thanks for joining in!
Thank you for this comprehensive and complete article on technological limitations of SC industry vs graphics maturity. I work in the ST fab that develop 28 then 14nm FDSOI right now and this kind of article makes it worth the efforts (to not say the hard work!) we put in this technology.
14 nm FDSOI looks very, very interesting. Can't wait to see how it progresses!
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News about Gradle
Why Gerrit chose Buck by Alex Blewitt Posted on Oct 31, 2013 2
Interviews about Gradle
Interview with Peter Kriens on the OSGi enRoute toolset
Peter Kriens
Posted on
Jul 12, 2014
The OSGi enRoute toolchain provides an end-to-end platform for developing and testing OSGi applications, based around the bnd library that is used in most OSGi build chains such as Maven and Gradle. As well performing dependency analysis and resolution, it uses git and Travis to perform automated server side builds. InfoQ caught up with Peter Kriens at QConNY 2014 to find out more.
Trisha Gee on MongoDB, Java 8, and What Excites Her About Writing Software
Trisha Gee
Posted on
Apr 05, 2014
In this interview, recorded at QCon London 2014, Trisha Gee talks to Charles Humble about MongoDB, her work on the Java driver, her development set-up, what she's interested in in Java 8, and what excites her about writing software.
Presentations about Gradle
The Art of Builds - An In-depth Comparison of Build Tools
Hans Dockter
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Jan 03, 2014
Hans Dockter discusses build systems from a declarative vs. imperative perspective, the importance of a rich execution model and problems with POM, providing examples from Gradle, Maven and Ant.
Building a Continuous Delivery Pipeline with Gradle and Jenkins
Peter Niederwieser
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Nov 04, 2013
Peter Niederwieser discusses building a continuous delivery pipeline with Gradle and Jenkins.
Deleting Code at Nokia
Tom Coupland
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Jun 19, 2013
Tom Coupland discusses some of the various technologies investigated, and in many cases deployed at Nokia including Gradle, Spring, MongoDB and Clojure.
Rocking the Gradle
Peter Walker
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May 08, 2013
Peter Walker discusses and demoes some of Gradle's features: declarative build, convention over configuration, plugins, multi–project support, partial builds and increments, Ant and Maven integration.


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Capfalcon wrote: »
So... it's pretty much Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition?
I may whip something up for this.
Whyther wrote: »
(Are there limitations for starter pokémon? Is a Nosepass okay?)
Marshmallow wrote:
Thunderwave would probably work as [Electric/Harassing/Open], and Rock Throw as [Rock/Ranged/Hazardous], perhaps?
TiamatZ wrote: »
...a large, black, draconic beast in the Thunderstorm.
Marshmallow wrote:
Two ninjas.
TiamatZ wrote:
Oni the Absol
Whyther wrote:
TiamatZ wrote:
Oni the Absol
The hunt is on.


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Available Colors/Styles
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Mmmm … Goldie.
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Tara Taghizadeh
Revolving Door (1)
Sightings (2)
Taghizadeh Launches Highbrow Magazine - Posted August 30, 2011
You may recall Tara Taghizadeh from FishbowlDC's Brag Book. She appeared in the feature after being laid off from Gannett N... [FishbowlDC]
FishbowlDC's Brag Book: Meet Tara Taghizadeh - Posted September 29, 2009
Meet brag book's latest Tara Taghizadeh. This entertainment reporter was most recently employed at Gannett News Service as the entertainment reporter. She's also worked for National Geographic, US News Ventures, Post-Newsweek Tech Media and Ryan Publisher... [FishbowlDC]


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Russia and the US are in dispute over Moscow's request for the International Atomic Agency to analyze risks if military strikes hit a nuclear plant near Damascus. The agency said it is considering the appeal, but won't give an answer "immediately".
View full story
I think we should request the positive Extra Terrestrials to come down and every war making machine useless. The time for cloaking is over, we need to expose the negative elements amongst us and hear the real history.
Solution is to create a new branch in the UN intervene in the case of prohibited weapons does not make sense to have the security of the world depends sympathy sessions
The Middle East should be free of nuclear weapons
It applies to Israel
Well, what was said about the US government ? "It is full of prevarications and misleading statements and not very truthful. Everything is aggrandizing power secretly, with no oversight." (excerpt from 'Interviews - Mark Klein Spying On the Home Front')
If the us finds out in was the Rebels who gassed the children are they going to invade Saudi Arabia for giving it too them? I don't think Syria should give up anything. they will keep asking for more and more and when Syria is bombed and can't fight back, America will destroy the country and millions of people
The heinous gassing of Syrian children has created an indelible stigma on human conscience - it should never have happened. The opportunity for Syria to get rid of chemical weapons (thereby prevent a war at U.S. discretion) could help to bring about long-term peace efforts and create a win-win situation.
u.s and its lapdogs have penetrated all arms of u.n.iaea is no exception.hence every one has got to be extracareful. u.s is dying empire as feutus, it is likely to poison the whole body of intitutions.world should remain on guard till u.s is dead and burried along with its evil dream of domination .
and we all know how reliable the IAEA is. their stellar performance in Iraq and such countries have led to true global peace.
What a relief ! But it is not over, do not be nieve. The West wants to bring Iran down, and Syria must be neutralized. They will step things up in some other way. Those rebels have to be feeling naked, and they will not like it. It will just get more down and dirty.
John Kerry is probably kicking himself for offering a "hypothetical&q uot; situation that may actually be plausible. If Syria gives up their chemical weapons, the US and Israel will need a new reason to attack. I'm thinking that this time they may put more thought into the reason for an invasion, say......the sun rising in the east.
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Noob wonderings and questions about sailing, life at sail and sailboats
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Wish I never found SN!
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Just read the tread.
Three weeks on the ocean in a small yacht is not that hard I did it in 2000, sailed a Roberts 45 from Freemantle to Sydney. Big seas in the Great Southern Ocean they really seem big when they first arrive, then you sort of get into a rythem after a few more days their not that bad at all, you can trim the boat or set the course off a few points and get some comfort back, dont try cooking a roast, stick with staples. I tried a sponge cake 4" thick one side 1" the other. Thats another story.
With your lack of sailing try chartering with a skipper you'll be amased how much you will learn.
I've got thousands of sea miles under the belt and I must admit I get sea sick at the start of every long voyege normaly kicks in after 24Hrs can't eat much but you have to keep on going. get some sleep and one time you wake up feeling seedy but thats it no more calling for ralf.
one thing with being sea sick is when you think you cant hurl any more, you can.!!
You have some great boats in the US at good prices. Ive been doing some reserch as I am without boat at the moment, and considering many of yours at the moment one of the best buys might be an Endeavour 37 fits the bill for an ocean crossing, plenty of fuel and water tankedge and when in Australia perfect for day and coastal work should be an easy short or single hander.
Was looking towards the C 38, would do the crossing but short on tankadge and internal access to the important bits is poor most seemed heavely raced.
If you are positive you want to sail, 34 to 38 seem to give the best of both worlds with space, storage and cost.
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Homewood Suites by Hilton SchaumburgCategory: PLACES TO STAY
Schaumburg's premier all-suite hotel offers a Suite Alternative for the traveler who expects all the comforts of home at a great price-value. Ideal for corporate travel, relocation and a leisure getaway with your family or friends.
Location & Nearby Attractions
What's Nearby


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Our Featured Jersey City, NJ Partner:
See Spot Rescued
Dog adoption saves lives. Adopt a dog and you'll have a friend for life! Contact us, or contact another local humane society, animal shelter or SPCA.
Jersey City, NJ 07302
Pets at Our Rescue Group:
Cities, Towns, and/or Counties We Serve:We are located in DC, Jersey City, Bklyn and NYC areas.
About Our Rescue Group:See Spot Rescued has a single purpose, to provide a permanent loving home for every homeless dog. We strive to make the best possible match between the family and the dog, based on previous history, breed and experience. We work from the premise that each of these four legged furry beasts are our clients. Our mission is to find them a lifetime companion whom will provide them eternal unconditional love. See Spot Rescued focuses on saving dogs from high kill shelters in the South, specifically in rural North Carolina, South Carolina, and Kentucky. No matter their age, breed, or health, if theyve come into contact with a See Spot Rescued representative, then they can rest assured we will care for them.
Come Meet our Pets:Meetings are by appointment only.
Please click here to view/download our adoption application: http://bit.ly/SSR-APP-MAY2014
Our Adoption Process:We have a strict adoption process. An adoption application must be completed and submitted via email. A home check is mandatory. We also check all personal and vet references.
We need to feel confident that our animals are going to loving and benevolent homes that are financially stable. We require an adoption fee for each of our dogs. All dogs are spayed/neutered, vaccinated, dewormed and heart worm tested.


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Logic Took a Long Time to RefineWe don't want you to think all of these theories of logic happened overnight. Logic and reasoning have evolved over thousands of years. The ideas are still the same, but the methods have been documented and examined. Scientists are now able to take the ideas they have developed and apply them to new computer systems. You may have heard of Artificial Intelligence and fuzzy logic. Computers that use those methods of analysis are doing amazing things.
Back in the beginning, there was a guy in ancient Greece who started writing down a lot of these ideas. His name was Aristotle. He didn't invent this way of thinking; people had been using logic forever. Aristotle was just the first guy to start writing down the ideas and rules of what makes something a logical process.
Syllogistic ReasoningAristotle described something called syllogistic reasoning. A syllogism is an argument. Arguments are statements used when you describe things with logic. There are four different types of syllogistic arguments.
(1) All A's are B's (universal affirmative)
(2) No A's are B's (universal negative)
(3) Some A's are B's (particular affirmative)
(4) Some A's are not B's (particular negative)
If you look at these statements, they all start with the basic idea that A (a thing) exists. You can't make any of those four statements if A does not exist or is not true.
As logic has evolved, modern logic has changed the first statement to say, "If something is A, then it is also B." It can get a bit confusing. For many scientists, logic is a completely separate branch of science and philosophy. Don't worry if you don't get it from our quick overview. Try this example.
(1) All cats are animals (universal affirmative)
(2) No cats are plants (universal negative)
(3) Some animals are cats (particular affirmative)
(4) Some animals are not cats (particular negative)
Each of these arguments (statements) is true and they all are examples of the four different types of syllogistic arguments.
Useful Reference MaterialsEncyclopedia.com (Deduction):
Wikipedia (Syllogism):
Encyclopædia Britannica:
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Top 10 China ETFs
NEW YORK ( ETF Digest) -- China remains one of the world's fastest growing economies. It continues to intrigue and draw investors to it which began in earnest after 1979's Deng Xiaoping admonition "to grow rich is glorious." The high rate of economic growth has positive implications for investments opportunities. At the same time high rates of growth create inflationary pressures which can quickly cause turmoil and losses for linked equity markets.
Many pundits believe China's growth has led to inflation currently and excess speculation in real estate markets has created a bubble. Over the past 18 months, Chinese authorities have acknowledged this concern by tightening bank reserve requirements to reduce speculative lending. Plus, many bearish pundits believe a break in the real estate bubble will bring China's economy down.
As this update is being written the Chinese economy is contracting and there is much speculation whether the economy will suffer a "hard" or "soft" landing. No one has the answer for this including Chinese authorities. All we can see from our technical observations is equity markets are breaking down.
There still remains a level of regulatory and corporate governance mistrust among some investors questioning the accuracy of accounting standards and enforcement. From a personal view, when I visited the recently opened stock exchange in Shanghai in 1992, our little group had a private session with the exchange Chairman. He was queried about this concern and responded by saying, "we will adopt American rules." Well, that may not give us much confidence.There aren't many established ETFs beyond our list of 10. Some within the listing are new and have yet to be seasoned. Without question there will be many more issues coming forth as time passes and issuers are able to create new products especially linked to new sectors within the market. We feature a technical view of conditions from monthly chart views when possible. Simplistically, we recommend longer-term investors stay on the right side of the 12-month simple moving average. When prices are above the moving average, stay long, and when below remain in cash or short. Some more interested in a fundamental approach may not care so much about technical issues preferring instead to buy when prices are perceived as low and sell for other reasons when high; but, this is not our approach. Members to the ETF Digest receive added signals when markets become extended such as DeMark triggers to exit overbought/oversold conditions. For traders and investors wishing to hedge, leveraged and inverse issues are available to utilize from ProShares and Direxion and where available these are noted.
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Berries Russia Pudding Grains
Last updated 6/12/2012 1:21:33 AM. Recipe ID 53819. Report a problem with this recipe.
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Immigrants in Sweden, many of them Muslims, have been rioting for several nights, saying they feel excluded from society. This quickly caused a rise in voices heard calling for more restrictions on immigration.
We feel very proud of ... the human rights permanent commission in OIC. [This] commission is mandated to promote the better understanding of human rights, to advocate ... and to defend human rights in our country and outside. We consider this as a conduit for better understanding, better communication between the Muslim world and the rest.
Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, secretary general of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
Last week in the UK, a Muslim convert killed a British soldier on a London street, and this was quickly followed by several attacks on mosques in the country.
When events such as these take place, and tensions rise, is there anyone around who speaks on behalf of all Muslims? One man says he does.
Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu is the secretary general of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Headquartered in Saudi Arabia and funded by Islamic nations across the world, the OIC is the second largest inter-governmental organisation after the United Nations and has membership of 57 states spread over four continents.
The OIC has ramped up its public relations efforts in the last year or so, often issuing press releases when violent events take place. For example, it condemned the recent attack on the French embassy in Tripoli; called for the release of abducted Christian archbishops in Syria; and, after the attack at the Boston Marathon, Ihsanoglu expressed, "satisfaction" when the police apprehended the suspects, but he also urged the US authorities to ensure the safety of Muslims from being targeted in response.
Sceptics of the OIC say the organisation is merely a vehicle for empty meetings and rhetoric, but it has had some notable successes. It managed to push through a UN human rights resolution against religious discrimination, and it found a helpful partner in this job: Hillary Clinton, when she was US Secretary of State.
For the secretary general of OIC, a man with personal roots in Turkey, his number one job at the moment is combating what he calls Islamophobia in the West.
On this episode of Talk to Al Jazeera, Jane Dutton sat down with Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu to discuss some hot topics in Europe at present: including discrimination, freedom of expression and religious persecution.
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I am desperate for some help. Having searched MS support and user forums, I cannot find any knowledge base or or solutions to my problem.
Today sometime this afternoon i started getting calls about people getting blank screens after they have logged in, we use server 2003 and xp clients everything was running smooth as this morning but now all but a few cannot log back into the network, the problem is Upon start-up/re-boot, NO desktop icons or taskbar (only wallpaper). I have to access files\programs through Task Manager\File\New Task (Run). The only way I've found to restore the *normal* display is to open Windows Explorer, which doesn't launch Windows Explorer but instead restores desktop icons/taskbar.
Same happens on the server unless i log in as administrator, it's now 12:30am been trying to remote in and fix the issue since 5pm, if anyone has experienced this before and managed to fix it would be grateful for some advice!
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text: A cheap copy of a much more expensive ODM watch. The translucent pink colour is nice. It fits my wrists ok. In the dark the lit up effect is really nice. Very useful in a nightclub when you cannot see normal watches. However the con is mine was impossible to read the time during the day outside and was ... Read more


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Long skirtCollection: Fall-Winter
DescriptionSkirt in techno fabric. Unlined, knee-length model with elastic on the waist and wide pleats – sewn to ¾ of their length – which open up at the bottom. No pockets.Product code: 35193509ccComposition: 81% Polyester, 19% Cotton
Shipping & ReturnsWe offer both Standard and an Express shipping: choose the service that best meets your needs at Checkout.
Returns service: you have 20 days from delivery to follow our quick and easy return procedure.


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Honors at Graduation
Honors awarded at graduation to superior students are designated on the diploma as Honors, High Honors, or Highest Honors.
Students receive the designation Honors if they have a cumulative University of Illinois grade-point average of at least 3.5 at graduation (A = 4.0).
High Honors:
Students receive the designation High Honors if they have at least a 3.8 grade-point average at graduation (A = 4.0).
Highest Honors:
Highest Honors may be awarded to any student with at least a 3.8 grade-point average at graduation (A=4.0). In addition, the ECE Department requires that a student complete a special project of superior quality. In most cases the student shows initiative by finding a faculty member and research area for the project and enrolls in ECE 396, 397, or 497/499. In rare cases, Highest Honors can be awarded based on outstanding leadership in campus organizations such as IEEE, HKN, etc. In all cases, the student is required to fill out a Highest Honors form and return it to the Department indicating his/her intention to pursue Highest Honors designation at graduation. The form must be on file with the Department at least one month prior to the graduation date.


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Book your room at Penzion Speller
Please enter your travel dates.
Vysoku Ujezd apartment next to a golf course
Collect 200 points
Simply enter your Nectar card number when prompted. Your points will be credited 30 days after you return from your trip.*Offers may apply
Situated in Vysoku Ujezd, this golf apartment is in the same area as Karlstejn Castle and Golf Resort Karlstejn. Regional attractions also include Charles Bridge and Strahov Monastery.
Property Features
Penzion Speller provides a train station pick-up service and a garden. Other amenities include tour/ticket assistance and barbecue grills.
Room Amenities
Televisions come with satellite channels. Guestrooms also feature kitchens, complimentary wireless Internet access, and refrigerators.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
At your hotel
At your hotel
Penzion Speller features tour/ticket assistance, barbecue grills, and a garden. A total renovation of this property was completed in 2011.
Penzion Speller is a smoke-free property.
- Barbecue grill(s)
- Airport transportation
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Total number of rooms - 6
- Number of floors - 3
- Garden
- Train station pickup (complimentary)
- Smoke-free property
- Year Built 1896
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
Stay connected
Available in all rooms: Free Wi-Fi
In your room
- Ceiling fan
- Refrigerator
- Coffee/tea maker
- Kitchen
- Shower only
- Hair dryer
- Rollaway/extra beds available
- Cookware, dishware, and utensils
- Satellite TV service
- Room service (limited hours)
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
- Iron/ironing board
- Free Wi-Fi
Eat and drink
Room service (during limited hours) is available.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golfing nearby
- Bicycle rentals nearby
The fine print for Penzion Speller
When you arrive
Check-in time starts at 2:00 PM
Check-in time ends at 10:00 PM
When you leave
Check-out time is noon
How you can pay
Your pets
Pets allowed, Only dogs and cats are allowed, Maximum number of pets per room 1
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.


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Showing 6 reviews for Precision Power PPI PC.572
|Customer Review Summary for Precision Power PPI PC.572
|February 14, 2013
|Good value for the price
Review by
Keith from Lansing, MI
I use 4 of these speakers with a boston acoustics amp @ 100w each RMS. When first installed they were actually louder than I could stand. After 6 months of prolonged use (I spend a few hours a day in the car), they aren't as painfully loud as they initially were, but still very loud and clear. For the price, they're hard to beat.
|September 23, 2012
|Good buy Quite
Review by
Ryan from Fredericksburg, OH
I have had these for close to a month now and they are not the best but they are good for the price. For some reason they are not very loud and never get very loud. It almost sounds like my back speakers have to do most of the work. They just don't put out a lot of sound but the sound they do put out is clear.
|September 7, 2012
|They were alright
Review by
Mitchell from Fort. Riley, KS
I have heard and owned many different door speakers these spins pretty good but I don't like the crossover to much slack and I didn't want to cut it they sound great with miss the highs can get raspy and ear bleeding and without a deck or amp to control the frequency it will play super low which sounds like crap I also had to trim the side to fit
|August 1, 2012
|Great speakers
Review by
Jorge from Zapata Texas
These are very clear sounding speakers, the highs and mids are very clear, and for the price, they cant be beat. They really come to life when using an amplifier to them vs using the deck. Since they were out of stock.I had to pay more from diffrent website, really good speakers
|July 14, 2012
|A "Must Buy"
Review by
Max from Ridgewood, NY
I must buy another set when it becomes available.
These are now just as loud, clearer, and more natural sounding than my best Infinitys! They can take the power of my amp. I had these with my top-of-line Infinity Kappas woven glass speakers and I just cannot believe this.
The top-of-line Infinity tweeter burned while the other Infinitys (plastic cone version) in the back totally burned out and died!!
My amp was too much, but also I think the fact that those were 2 ohms made it worse as the amp pushed too much current in them.
This unit, by being 3 ohms, is best as it is now "broken in," and is now just as loud as the top-of-line Infinitys were. Also TOOK ALL THE POWER I GAVE IT WITHOUT DISTORTION.
I had the amp on "high pass" only, so no bass. These were only pushing mids and highs. THEY ARE MY BEST SOUNDING SPEAKERS TO DATE AND I HAD ALL INFINITY BEFORE!!! For mids and highs they are excellent!!
A MUST BUY!!! for the price! :)
|June 17, 2012
|wow great speaker!
Review by
Max from Queens NY
I have both the Infinity Reference 6832cf, and the better Infinity Kappa 682.9cf.
I bought these after the 6832 tweeters died on me. These have that external crossover just like my better Infinitys 682.9cf, so I bought them to replace the lesser 6832. These speakers amazingly sound similar to my better Infinitys but have a smoother upper miss and treble.
In fact I like the whole mid range and smoother highs better than my infinitys, except the bass is a little lacking. While it has better sound and bass than the ones it replaced, It didn't have the effortless extension in bass of the best infinity, but that's fine as it was new and not broken in and costs half the price as the infinitys.
Personally I prefer the smoother more liquid highs of theses compared to the more etched and sizzly highs of the infinity. The upper midrage on this unit also seem to have more presence as well, compared to my infinitys. I would put these right up there with the best speakers, as they have a realistic sound to them, which only my better infinitys had.


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Flu Season is upon us do you know how to protect yourself? What do you know about Germs?
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- Home
- Essential Oil Glass Water Bottle
Essential Oil Glass Water Bottle
Essential Oil Users Love Glasstic Shatterproof Glass Water Bottles
One of the great benefits of having a pure glass water bottle is that you can add essential oils to your water without the worry that compounds in your essential oils are dissolving the plastic bottle. Many essential oil users fail to take advantage of the antioxidant1 and health supporting functions that citrus based essential oils may provide because they haven't been comfortable carrying essential oil infused water in traditional plastic water bottles. That worry goes away with the Glasstic Shatterproof Glass Water Bottle because your essential oil infused water is always contained in pure glass…you never have to worry again!
• Antibacterial
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By adding great tasting citrus based essential oils to your water you are not only receiving possibly health supporting benefits but also adding refreshing and invigorating taste to your water which makes it a great replacement to soda or sugar filled 'energy' drinks. Also, for every bottle of essential oil infused Glasstic shatterproof glass water bottle that you drink, you are also removing at least one single-use plastic water bottle from a dump or the side of the road.
1. The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources. 'Comparative study of the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of six essential oils and their components.'


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What you don't expect when going through the list of top SSRN papers:
Mahalanobis - am 2009-01-13 16:21 - Rubrik: art
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JaseO (13th May 2012)
we look after 6 primaries now, and some have it rooms some have trollies, it works for some now for others, it depends on the staff and the building.
if staff havent the time to unpack them, then put them away (neatly) then it will be a nightmare.
also when software updates are pushed out depending on your network this may cause issues, as each laptop will get the update when its turned on (dependant what system you have). normal stations (if powered on first thing) will get updates first thing.
if you are a primary on one floor, or are having a trolley per floor then this will go in your favour.
have you in house IT support?
You will at some point need to replace the batteries and that can be costly, so you need to budget for it.
Actually, that's another point - depending on how your network is currently set up, it would be useful for all pupils to have their own individual logins. It certainly helps to track things down faster rather than if you have generic "class" logins.
Keyboards being broken and due to them being laptops you simply can not replace it in 4 seconds, instead the technical staff have to replace (some laptops are a nightmare just to replace the keyboard) or worse send off for repair.
Using Wireless? Will not be as fast as a cable which most of the time you will not notice but Wireless tends to be far less reliable than a cable.
Battery failures - like Steven said - this is a big issue without being conditioned they can stop being useful after 1 year.
Smashed screens, again this is a nightmare to replace (at least most of the ones we have had) or worse sent off to repair.
ICT Suite to me always the better option. Unless you want to use a MAC system as I call it, No domain just turn on and use internet in which case this will work perfectly minus the occasional wireless access issue.
JaseO (11th May 2012), stevenlong1985 (11th May 2012)
Many thanks to all who have responded, it's been really helpful and has given me lots to think about!
I am keen to have a telephone conversation with a primary school that has had a positive experience after losing their ICT suite and moving to a mobile only solution. Can anyone point me in the direction of one?
We replaced some hdd's with SSD's in laptops recently and this alone has saved several minutes in the time it takes for a child to retrieve a lappy from the trolley, get to his/her desk, switch it on and then start to work.
I teach ICT at an all girls Primary School in South Africa. Our aim has certainly been to push ICT tools into the classroom and to move away from ICT lessons that are unrelated to what students do in other subjects.
We have found that we still need to have a suite where I will teach certain skills, applications or concepts, which the students can choose from to apply. The students would often start work in the "lab", and then they can then carry on working on the shared netbooks that they have in their classrooms. (The Year 6 & 7 classes each have a bank of netbooks that connect wirelessly to the network.) We have just installed wireless access point in the suite as well so that we can use laptops there as well as the PCs.
There are also many teaching aids that we are acquiring, e.g. digital microphones, easy to use video cameras, etc..
We are also looking into buying iPADS but there are still some issues that we need to resolve with regard to bulk licensing. We have bought an iPAD for each phase so that teachers can experiment, but I believe that the beauty of iPADs for teachers is that it is a very personal device and is better used when it can be set up to synch to one's personal iTunes account. Free apps sometimes have limitations and the school does not yet have a payment structure in place for the purchasing of apps.
Even in the Primary school, the girls have access to cell phones and teachers have integrated these in lesson where it was appropriate.
In the Foundation phase, we find that we still need to teach skills, so the ICT lessons are very structured, but again based on what the teachers are doing in their classes.
Each classroom has an interactive white board or a data projector which the teachers use.
I agree with previous contributors that schools must steer away from making blanket decisions, e.g. out with all ICT suites, or out with Windows, only use Apple, etc.. We really should get to a stage where we select the right tool for the job, much like we use a pair of scissors when we want to cut a small thing and a guillotine when we cut in bulk...one does not exclude the other.
JaseO (5th June 2012)
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24 October 2013 14:00 - 24 October 2013 16:00
Quaker Meeting House, 7 Victoria St, Edinburgh, EH1 2JL
"Strategic aims for the Scottish organic sector towards 2020."
An opportunity to get together to discuss what we'd like to see for the organic sector in the future. All welcome to share ideas and look at the next few busy years (2014 referendum, 2015 UK election, 2016 Scottish election) as well as beyond the lifespan of the current organic action plan. What can we be doing to influence a better future for organic food and farming in Scotland?
Laura Stewart. How governments around Europe support organic production and consumption.
Pete Ritchie. Procurement bill – opportunities ahead in Scotland
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Broadband deals Post Office broadband review
Post Office broadband review
We ask thousands of broadband customers about their experiences so we can tell you exactly how the Post Office's customers rate its service, and how it compares with other broadband providers.
It might be more associated with bringing you letters than bringing you broadband, but the Post Office deals with more high-tech communications too these days. In the past, Which? readers have rated them higher than more established big names like TalkTalk and BT, but are they ready to become our best broadband provider?
Take out a trial to Which? for just £1 and we'll you exactly what you need to know about all the UK's biggest broadband providers. By logging in Which? members can see:
- Which broadband providers have the most satisfied customers, including services from major providers BT, TalkTalk, Sky and Virgin Media.
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11 Trending Words of 2014
gift of Jehovah. (1.) A Levite, son of Heman, the chief of the ninth class of temple singers (1 Chr. 25:4, 16). (2.) A Levite who assisted in purifying the temple at the reformation under Hezekiah (2 Chr. 29:13). (3.) The original name of Zedekiah (q.v.), the last of the kings of Judah (2 Kings 24:17). He was the third son of Josiah, who fell at Megiddo. He succeeded his nephew Jehoiakin.
king of Judah (597-587/586 BC) whose reign ended in the Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem and the deportation of most of the Jews to Babylon


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Products/Services for CB Isolator Circulator
RF Isolators and RF Circulators - (124 companies)...isolators are used in test bench applications where the placement of an isolator in the measurement path causes variations in the tested device to appear at the termination of the isolator and not at the signal source. RF circulators are often used... Search by Specification | Learn More
RF Waveguide Isolators and Circulators - (38 companies)...to infinity, expresses the amount of reflected energy at the input or output of a RF waveguide isolator or RF waveguide circulator. A value of one indicates that all of the energy will pass through. Any other value indicates that a portion... Search by Specification | Learn More
Fiber Optic Circulators - (61 companies)...as needed, the light must pass through ports sequentially (from port 1, to port 2, before traveling to port 3). How Optical Circulator Works. Video Credit: FiberOptics4Sale. Fiber optic circulators are used to reduce the overall dispersion of light within... Search by Specification | Learn More
No Image AvailableTransformers - (1927 companies)Transformers are electrical devices that are designed to transfer energy from one circuit to another by electromagnetic induction. They are used typically to increase or decrease voltage as it passes from one side of the device through the other. Search by Specification | Learn More
RF Waveguide Components - (202 companies)...power levels by the gain with little or no reflection. Bulkhead feedthroughs extend waveguides through pressurized walls or cabinets. Circulators are passive devices with three or more ports that allow the signal entering each port to pass... Search by Specification | Learn More
Water Baths - (223 companies)...and circulators. However, a variety of high-dielectric fluids are available for temperatures below 32 oF and above 212 oF, where the use of water would not be feasible. The fluid should have the right viscosity for the operating temperature range... Search by Specification | Learn More
Optical Isolators - (78 companies)...and cause backscattering and feedback problems. Optical feedback degrades signal-to-noise ratio and consequently bit-error rate. Ideally an isolator would pass all light in one direction and block all light in the reverse direction. Classifications... Search by Specification | Learn More
Gloveboxes and Isolators - (110 companies)...by maintaining secure containment fields. This equipment is used mainly to allow manipulation, interaction, and processing of materials without direct human or environmental contact or contamination. Glovebox and Isolator Construction. Gloveboxes and isolators... Search by Specification | Learn More
Signal Isolators - (141 companies)Signal isolators provide electrical (galvanic) isolation between the input and output circuits. They couple the signal to the output through a transformer or optical isolator. Signal isolators also break the direct electrical (galvanic) path between... Search by Specification | Learn More
Radios - (415 companies)Radios are communication systems that send and/or receive electromagnetic waves. Devices such as citizens ' band (CB) radios, walkie-talkies, and handie-talkies are two-way radios that can be used for interpersonal communications. Radios Information... Learn More
Product News
Lee Co. (The)
CB Solenoid Valve The new CB Solenoid Valve is economically designed, utilizing a cartridge bobbin coil coupled with our unique MultiSeal ™ technology. The MultiSeal radically simplifies port layout by allowing total porting flexibility 360 ° around the seal, without the need for O-Rings or anti-Extrusion Rings. Weighing just 0.16 pounds, the CB Solenoid Valve is a normally closed design that is offered in both single coil and dual coil configurations and with the lead wires exiting either end... (read more)
International Polymer Solutions Inc.
PTFE Gauge Isolator by IPS Our IPS PTFE Body Gauge Isolator protects (Isolates) a pressure gauge or other pressure sensor from the effects of corrosives aggressive media and prevents contamination of ultra-pure liquids. The Gauge Isolator consists of an All-PTFE body, containing a close tolerance machined cavity and a PTFE diaphragm. The upper portion of the cavity is filled with a solution, such as glycerin, silicone or DI water. Media pressure applied to the bottom side of the PTFE diaphragm is transmitted through... (read more)Browse Pipe Fittings Datasheets for International Polymer Solutions Inc.
Microwave Photonic Systems, Inc.
Single Stage Optical Isolator The MPS-2000 Single Stage Optical Isolator is a singlemode, polarization-independent isolator that can be connected or spliced into an optical transmission line. Offered in a Premium or Value grade. By allowing light to pass in only one direction, MPS-2000 Single Stage Optical Isolators are used to prevent back reflections along a transmission path in optical networks and components. Features include: High Isolation. Low Insertion Loss.  ... (read more)Browse Optical Isolators Datasheets for Microwave Photonic Systems, Inc.
PR electronics
9202B Pulse isolator you will easily comply with IEC 61511 site standards. Our strong expertise with functional safety and agile design process gives us a strategic advantage when designing for SIL 2 requirements. . Application. 9202B can be mounted in the safe area or in zone 2 / Cl. 1 div. 2 and receive signals from zone 0, 1, 2 and zone 20, 21, 22 including mining / Class I/II/III, Div. 1, Gr. A-G. Pulse isolator for transmission of signals to the safe area from NAMUR sensors and mechanical switches... (read more)
BUG-O Systems, Inc.
CB-1P Plasma Circle Burner CB-1P Plasma Circle Burner, for cutting beveled holes in lightwall pipe or vessels with wall thicknesses up to 5/16" (7 mm). This machine is supplied with a Thermal Dynamics air plasma power source, torch and 50' (15 m) leads. The unit operates on 220/50-60/1 power (3 phase also available). The CB-1P must be mounted on a carriage or fixture. (read more)Browse Plasma Welding Machines Datasheets for BUG-O Systems, Inc.
Check-All Valve Mfg. Co.
CB, TC - Sanitary Insert Valve For nearly 30 years, the compact, PTFE, Sanitary Insert Valve has been used as the most economical solution to providing a check valve in a new or existing sanitary piping system. This valve style is designed to fit into grooved-end clamp-type fittings. Since the Sanitary Insert Valve replaces the gasket normally used with clamp joints, no extra space is required to accommodate the valve. (read more)Browse Sanitary Valves Datasheets for Check-All Valve Mfg. Co.
Meggitt Sensing Systems - Wilcoxon Research
Isolator...protects accelerometers high voltage . SF21: Isolator base, 1 inch (25 mm) across the flats, 1/4-28 to 1/4-28, integral stud. SF22: Isolator base, 1 inch (25 mm) across the flats, 1/4-28 to M8, integral stud. SF23: Isolator base, 1-1/8 inch (29 mm) across the flats, 1/4-28 to 1/4-28, integral stud. SF24: Isolator base, 1-1/8 inch (29 mm) across the flats, 1/4-28 to M8, integral stud. The SF21 and SF22 have a 0.82 inch (20mm) mounting pad that can accommodate up to medium diameter Wilcoxon Research sensors that range in size from... (read more)Browse Accelerometers Datasheets for Meggitt Sensing Systems - Wilcoxon Research
Dart Controls, Inc.
Voltage Signal Isolator VSI Series The VSI (Voltage Signal Isolator) permits the user the ability of inputing any DC signal (grounded or ungrounded)into a speed control without being concerned about whether that signal is isolated from ground, or not. A single model accepts a wide range of input voltages (0-5 through 0-25VDC o 0-25 through 0-250 VDC). The GAIN trimpot is used to adjust the output of the VSI to full on when a full speed signal is applied to its input terminals. The VSI incorporates Dart's patented feedback... (read more)
EIC Solutions, Inc.
CB Compressor-Based Enclosure Air Conditioners EIC's CB Series Compressor-based Enclosure Air Conditioners are designed for applications that require traditional air conditioners and/or higher levels of cooling output. These industrial air conditioners are available from 5,000 BTU to 20,000 BTU in a wide range of configurations for both indoor and outdoor use. Units can be furnished for both vertical or horizontal mounting with a variety of options available. Combination packages (Air Conditioned Enclosures) are our specialty. CLICK HERE... (read more)Browse Enclosure Air Conditioners Datasheets for EIC Solutions, Inc.
Badger Meter
CB-30 PROVIDES EXACTING MEASUREMENT& MONITORING NEW BATCH CONTROLLER PROVIDES EXACTING MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING. Badger Meter Model CB-30 features larger display and expanded measurement options. Thanks to a model update, concrete suppliers and others who are looking for single point batch control will have increased control over their exacting batch needs. Badger Meter (NYSE: BMI) recently replaced its Batch Controller Model CB-20 with its Model CB-30, which includes new features that boost accuracy and durability. The CB-30 batch... (read more)Browse Flow Meters Datasheets for Badger Meter
Molecular engineering in the design of microwave ferrimagnetic garnets
Cb )( U ) . 2-port devices include the resonance isolator , figure l(a), and one example of a multi-port device is the 3-port junction circulator , figure l(b). . of microwave power with low attenuation from ports 1 to 2, 2 to 3 and...
Nonlinear Photonics and Novel Optical Phenomena
...symmetry, 125, 126 spatial beam evolution, 123 strong coupling, 122, 123 Conduction band ( CB ) See also Mapping... See Self-healing DelRe, E., 207 Design flexibility, isolator performance four-port circulator (see Four-port circulator) interband transition, 353 nonreciprocal phase shift, 353 nonreciprocal ring resonator (see Nonreciprocal ring resonator) DFG.
18030 datasheets and application notes, data sheet, circuit, pdf, cross reference, pinout, datasheet | Datasheets.org.uk
First line: P07013* marking code M21 FDK 004 CK-039 FDK IN 089 KE21041-1212-005 DROP-IN CIRCULATORS/ ISOLATORS MICROWAVE offers wide selection drop-in circulators isolators using micorwave ferrites. Tags: FDK IN 089 CK-039 marking code M21 P07013* FDK 004 895( CB ) 18030 KE21041...
SIR-C L-band/C-band dual-polarization synthetic aperture radar antennas
Drop-in circulator / isolators interface the 1-IPA and LNA paths at the RF CB and T/R .
Optical Mode Conversion In Magnetic Garnet Films
In this field such films find great interest for applications as integrated optical components like isolators , circulators , modulators, switches, and deflectors. CB .
CR4 - Thread: How to Select Isolators
...devices should be able to CARRY the SC current during the time the CB clears the fault... So, the main characteristic of an isolator is the Voltage. You might be interested in: Optical Isolators, Signal Isolators, RF Isolators and RF Circulators .
A polarization-independent optical circulator for 1.3 µm
...the use of nonreciprocal compo- nents, the circulator also has the inherent propertyof being an optical isolator . ...a polarizationrotator and 2) polarization- dependent beam splitting and steering at the inputand output of the circulator . cb ) .
CR4 - Thread: RF Detector
I used to use that with a short piece of wire to tune my CB radio. You might be interested in: RF Repeaters, RF Isolators and RF Circulators , RF Upconverters and RF Downconverters .
Cree Research Product Revenue Increases 31%
...lower manufacturing costs resulting from a full quarter of the new conductive buffer ( CB ) light emitting diode... • Isolators / Circulators .
Six companies pass Wi-Fi 802.11g interoperability tests
...kit model ISL39300A; Melco's AirStation 54 Mbit/s wireless notebook adapter-g Model WLI- CB -G54(A); Proxim's... • Isolators / Circulators .


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Texan By Birth & Choice
S&W Sigma. $300 brand new. Simple, reliable, and safe. Snappy recoil but you get used to it.
I only buy used guns from people I know ....just my comfort level
Read this to learn more about 9mm pistols.http://www.best9mm.com/
You have to decide what trigger system you want. Since you said SD I'd go DAO or DA/SA. With them you can carry safely with a round in the pipe.
Thank you all for your help I was looking at a Springfield XD today new for $560 but since most of you mentioned ruger I think I will look ruger then. I am 6'3" and 280 which makes my hands a tad on the large side and most compacts I held didn't feel right in my hand. Also there is a gun show coming up in 3 weeks so should I hold off buying one at the gun shop until after the show or will the prices be the same regardless. Once again thank you everyone for your help.
if going the used route to get a better quality pistol at a decent price, then take someone with you that know about pistols and what to look for. there are some good deals if you know what to look for and shop carefully. also buy from a reputable dealer as they have more at stake than just a quick sale and are worried about their reputation. i have bought several used pistols over the years s well as new ones. i have yet to get a bad one.


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LAKE BUENA VISTA, Fla. — The Arizona Wildcats' Chase Budinger spent the week in NBA draft no-man's land, too good to play in the predraft camp games and not rated good enough for the physicals-only list.
Ultimately, it probably will not matter. According to several NBA officials and draft analysts on hand for the NBA's predraft camp this week, Budinger is still a solid mid-first-round prospect.
And, once he begins working out privately for teams next week, doing some of the same drills he would have here, the athletically gifted Budinger could raise his stock even higher than the top-20 threshold that is expected to determine whether he leaves the UA for good.
Budinger's father, Duncan, said Chase will work out for three East Coast teams next week and three Western teams the following week, finishing just before the June 16 deadline to withdraw from the NBA draft. A second wave of workouts, he said, is being tentatively scheduled for the event that Chase decides to stay in the draft.
"We were hoping he'd get invited for the physicals," Duncan Budinger said by telephone this week. "But that didn't happen, so we're moving on."
Duncan Budinger declined to specify which teams Chase has scheduled workouts with, but David Griffin, the Suns' VP of player personnel, said Phoenix will bring him in during the second week. The Suns hold the No.15 selection.
Already, the Suns have seen plenty of Budinger, and they say they still like what they see.
"When you see somebody a lot, you're supposed to see a lot of warts," Griffin said. "But the more you see him, the more you want to believe he can do things because he has gifts that you don't teach."
Suns GM Steve Kerr said he was not sure where Budinger might be picked but noted that "at his position, he may be the most skilled guy there."
Grizzlies GM Chris Wallace and Nets president Rod Thorn said they were not sure where Budinger would be selected in the first round, but Trail Blazers GM Kevin Pritchard said Budinger would be selected in the middle of the round.
"He's a specialized player right now," Pritchard said. "He can really shoot the ball, and the (NBA's defensive rules) allow the more skilled players to be successful. We need those guys."
The draft analysts agree. ESPN.com's Chad Ford has Budinger No. 21, Draft Express' Jonathan Givony has Budinger 19, and Chris Monter of Monter Draft News said Budinger should be a mid-first-rounder.
Budinger has slipped slightly on some of the mock draft boards in the past month, but Givony said he still envisions Budinger going somewhere between 15 and 23.
"How is this guy not a first-round pick?" Givony said. "He's sliding down because people are worried about him a little bit, and other guys are moving up."
Givony said not having signed with an agent, and therefore irrevocably leaving Arizona, is also hurting Budinger.
"People want to see that a guy is in the draft," Givony said. "(Chris) Douglas-Roberts is in, (Brandon) Rush is in, (Nicholas) Batum is in, and these are guys he's competing with. If you're not going to take this seriously, then they don't know if they should take you seriously."
There are other questions, such as strength, defense and competitiveness, according to NBA officials and draft analysts. But Ryan Blake, the NBA's assistant director of scouting, said Budinger already demonstrated the kind of competitiveness that should help erase doubts about his future.
"Defense can be improved by effort," Blake said. "I think he plays with effort and enthusiasm."
ESPN's Ford said Budinger will have a chance to answer many of the questions during his upcoming workouts.
"Workouts are going to be key for him," Ford said. "He's one of those guys who's going to be in competitive workouts, and people have some questions about his competitiveness and drive. If he comes in and plays really well in workouts … he can shoot up because then you love his size, his athleticism and his shooting ability. If he doesn't do well in those things then it will reinforce some of the negatives: his lack of a midrange game, maybe his competitiveness."
Because of the wide range Budinger can still fall into, his father will not say how likely Chase is to return to Arizona.
"I'm not gonna put a percentage on it," Duncan Budinger said. "Right now the focus is where it needs to be. Chase needs to do what he needs to do (in workouts). But I personally believe his game translates very well to the NBA."


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Home > Academics > Colleges > Education and Educational Technology > Professional Studies in Education > Graduate Programs > For Current Graduate Students > MEd, Literacy and/or Reading Specialist Certification
Department of Professional Studies in Education
The Literacy Center provides assessment and instruction for children and adolescents who need assistance with reading and writing.
Services include testing, individual tutoring, and group reading/writing programs.
Graduate students pursuing master's degrees in Literacy with Reading Specialist Certification and some undergraduate students provide the services. Reading and literacy faculty in the Department of Professional Studies in Education supervise the center.
Services are offered during Summer Session II, approximately July 6 through August 6, with daily activities. A small fee is charged for services.
The Literacy Center also sponsors professional development for schools, workshops for parents and families, training for graduate students, and research projects, and has literacy resources available and offers consulting for agencies.
Professional development samples for teachers are prepared by candidates in the MEd in Literacy program.
The Literacy Center is located in B-5 Davis Hall.
Dr. DeAnna M. Laverick, Co-Director (firstname.lastname@example.com), and Dr. Kelli R. Paquette, Co-Director (firstname.lastname@example.com)
Davis Hall Room 303
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A friend of mine just got an xbox 360S and Bioshock 2. She's never played video game with a first-person perspective before and about fifteen minutes in, she had to turn it off and lay down because she experienced dizziness.
Has anyone else experienced motion sickness with FPS games before? And what do you recommend doing about it (other than not playing them...)?
Edited by -cerberus- at 20:49:49 21-07-2012


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Gophers Win BYU at Entrada Classic
March 18, 2014
ST. GEORGE, Utah (Gophersports.com) – Anna Laorr picked up a share of her first collegiate title on Tuesday while the University of Minnesota women's golf program captured the team title at the 2014 BYU at Entrada Classic.
"I'm really proud of the way we competed throughout the tournament especially with the way we battled back to pick up the win today," Minnesota head coach Michele Redman said. "The conditions weren't great with some wind, but we overcame that. We've kept working hard all season, and we're starting to see that pay off now. The whole team has supported each other and pushed each other, and that's great to see as a coach."
The team title comes six years to the day after Minnesota's last team title at the Diablo Grande Intercollegiate in Patterson, Calif., on March 18, 2008. Laorr's individual title is the program's first since Teresa Puga won the UCF Challenge on Feb. 15, 2011.
"I couldn't be happier for Anna," Redman said. "She played well for us, made smart decisions, and it's great to see her pick up her first win."
The Gophers (312-318-301—931) finished the 54-hole tournament at the Entrada Course at Snow Canyon Country Club with an eight-stroke lead over host BYU and took over the lead in the final round on Tuesday by carding a tournament-low 301 as a team.
Laorr, a junior from Eden Prairie, Minn., shared individual medalist honors with Wisconsin's Alexis Nelson with a six-over par 222 (75-75-72) for the meet. Laorr moved into a tie for first with a final round 72 – the even par score matched the junior's top career round. The junior finished fifth at the tournament last year with an eight-over 222.
"I was pretty excited to be honest, this is my favorite course," Laorr said of her win on Tuesday. "For about five months, I've been trying not to put too much pressure on myself for this tournament. The course played very different than last year, but we played well as a team, and it's great to be able to celebrate a win together."
Carmen Laguna finished tied for 14th at the BYU at Entrada Classic with a 20-over, 236 (78-81-77) while Emie Peronnin was three shots back in a tie for 20th at 23-over, 239 (80-81-78) after improving her finish by 10 positions over the final round of play on Tuesday. Sarinee Thitiratanakorn shot a 24-over 240 (79-81-80) to tie for 25th with Sophie Kitchen finishing tied for 55th with a 34-over, 250 (85-91-74).
Minnesota returns to action at the on March 28-29 with the MountainView Collegiate in Tucson, Ariz.
More Headlines
11/24/2014Women's Golf Signs Three to NLIs
11/20/2014MAGIC Visits Target Field for Gala
10/29/2014Kuenster Earns B1G Weekly Honor
10/28/2014Record Day Leads Gophers to Title
10/27/2014Gophers Move Into Fourth in Las Vegas
10/24/2014Gophers Finish Fall Slate in Las Vegas
10/13/2014Gophers 13th at Betsy Rawls Invite
11/10/2014Gophers Visit Meadowview Elementary
10/11/2014Gophers Travel to Texas for Rawls Invite
10/07/2014Gophers Place 10th at Windy City Classic
10/04/2014Gophers Travel to Windy City Classic


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Swedish Massage
Rejuvenate your body with a relaxing massage treatment in Portland or Beaverton. This is full-body heaven.
30 minutes$50
60 minutes$80
90 minutes$115
Deep Tissue Massage
Tight muscles will be penetrated and manipulated to release tension and tightness.
30 minutes$55
60 minutes$90
90 minutes$125
Couples Treatment
Share the intimacy of a deeply relaxing massage and face treatment in a serene space with your sweetie. Available at The Pearl Hair M | W location
60 minute$195
90 minutes$250
125 minutes$350
The Golfer's Massage
Take a few strokes off your handicap. This relaxing, yet productive full-body massage focuses on loosening up your back, hip and shoulder muscles to give you a powerful, full-body swing.
90 minutes$135
Hot Stone Massage
Stimulating hot stones penetrate heat deep into your muscles to release tension and create a sense of well-being.
90 minutes$140


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Montana 2 Light Bath Bar from the Veneto Luce Collection
The Veneto Luce™ Collection is Justice Design Group, LLC's new collection incorporating handcrafted glass shades. Each glass shade is truly a work of art, created by artisans in the historic city of Venice, Italy, where glass-making has been an art form for more than 700 years.
From an elegant lamp atop a contemporary end table to a dramatic sconce illuminating a formal entryway, Justice Design offers a wide array of lighting solutions for residential and commercial settings. Create a mood, complement a theme, or simply add the perfect accent with a Justice Design decorative lighting fixture.
- Shade Material: Venetian Glass
- This fixture can be installed as an uplight or downlight
- Recommend the use of clear bulbs with Clear Textured (CLRT) glass shades
- Standard Incandescent Lamping: (2) 100W Type A-19 Max
- Optional Fluorescent Lamping: (2) 18W GU24 Self Ballast CFL Max
- Dimensions (Approx): 9.75" Height x 13.25" Width x 6.5" Projection
- Mounting Center (Approx): 7.25" Uplight, 2.5" Downlight
Additional Justice Design Group Links
- View Manufacturer Warranty
- Shop All Justice Design Group Products
- Shop All Justice Design Group Veneto Luce Collection Products
Our SKU: Justice Design Group GLA-8672
This product is listed under the following manufacturer number(s):
- Justice Design Group GLA-8672-26-NCKL
Brushed Nickel
- Justice Design Group GLA-8672-26-DBRZ
Dark Bronze
- Justice Design Group GLA-8672-26-MBLK
Matte Black
- Justice Design Group GLA-8672-26-CROM
Polished Chrome
*Denotes a finish or option that has been discontinued
Installation Resource Center
Whether you are installing the product yourself or hiring a professional, our installation Resource Center has everything you need to get your project done. Visit the Installation Resource Center to get started.


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December 22, 2014
TOMAH, Wis. (AP) -- Here's something you don't want to run into on the highway: flying sawblades.
A stretch of interstate in Wisconsin was shut down last night after a semi lost several industrial-sized sawblades.
One of them flew into a tanker truck. The State Patrol says the damaged tanker spilled a large amount of diesel fuel on Interstate 94.
Troopers say ten cars and a boat were damaged in the incident, but no one was seriously injured.
The interstate was closed for several hours.
(Copyright 2007 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)
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What You Missed at the Farnborough International Airshow
Aviation insiders held their biennial gathering to see the best in airplane tech at Farnborough, England, this week.
By David Hambling
This year, the failure of the F-35 Lightning II to appear for the flying display has been a big talking point. F-35 backers had planned a demonstration of all the plane can do to win over skeptics and wow the public, but the plan backfired when the F-35 fleet was virtually grounded following an engine fire on June 23.


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Murray, G. (2002) Teaching, research and practice - establishing a productive balance (Raising the game). ARQ - Architectural Research Quarterly, 6 (4). pp. 297-299. ISSN 1474-0516
|PDF (strathprints005628.pdf)
Download (86Kb) | Preview
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1359135503001830
The current debates on teaching standards, on research assessment and on the condition of the profession tend to be carried on in isolation from each other. In this article Gordon Murray, a practitioner and teacher, draws a connection between all three topics and underlines the importance and potential of research for both teaching and the profession. His brief review of teaching and professional formation in Japan provides a thought-provoking comparison with architectural education in the UK and the US.
|Item type:
|ID code:
|architecture teaching, architecture education, standards, architecture research, Higher Education, Architecture, Architecture , Visual Arts and Performing Arts
|Education > Theory and practice of education > Higher Education
Fine Arts > Architecture
|Faculty of Engineering > Architecture
|Related URLs:
|Depositing user:
|Strathprints Administrator
|Date Deposited:
|16 May 2008
|Last modified:
|05 Sep 2014 13:24
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Central Hotel in Brooks
1240 Cassils Place East
Brooks , Alberta
(403) 362-8000
Reservations: 1-800-578-7878
Fax: (403) 362-8008
Beautiful Brooks Hotel
Travelodge Brooks is conveniently located just off the TransCanada highway. Guests will enjoy the complimentary deluxe continental breakfast, free high-speed internet and free guest parking.
All hotel guestrooms feature an in-room fridge, microwave and coffee maker. Pet friendly and handicapped accessible rooms available. Enjoy a comfortable stay at a great rate at the Travelodge Brooks.
Nearby Attractions
The Travelodge Brooks is centrally located and close to many local sights and attractions.
- Brooks Museum
- Lakeside Recreation Centre
- Lake Newell Resort
- Dinosaur Provincial Park
- Kinbrook Island Park


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Traffic Schools in Maricopa County, AZ
If you have received a traffic ticket in Arizona, then a Arizona State Approved Traffic School is a great way to dismiss your traffic ticket and lose the points from your driving records. I Drive Safely is a good choice for Arizona traffic school online.
The successful completion of a course from one of the approved Arizona traffic schools may prevent violations from damaging your driving record. While in many cases a course just might get a traffic ticket dismissed, attending traffic school can also enhance your driving knowledge and skill level, and it may increase your overall safety awareness so that you, your family, and other drivers can be safer on the roads.
Choose a City
- Aguila
- Arlington
- Avondale
- Buckeye
- Carefree
- Cashion
- Cave Creek
- Chandler
- Chandler Heights
- El Mirage
- Fort McDowell
- Fountain Hills
- Gila Bend
- Gilbert
- Glendale
- Glendale Luke AFB
- Goodyear
- Higley
- Laveen
- Litchfield Park
- Mesa
- Morristown
- New River
- Palo Verde
- Paradise Valley
- Peoria
- Phoenix
- Queen Creek