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Indiana Evening Gazette (Newspaper) - May 20, 1959, Indiana, Pennsylvania 1 II THI BUY WORD AT QUALITY CHUCK ROAST SuperftfsrAt Quality Bacon ONLY ONE QUALITY ONLY ONE PRICE AS ADVERTISED CENTER BLADE CUT Lb WHOLE OR HALF PIECE to MiW and EIGHT OCLOCK 3lb RED CIRCLE VAUC 3LI IAG BOKAR Via U 3lb Bag Vacuum Pack c English Shoulder u 10LI COOKED IONIUM wvvintv DUALITY Canned 69c Boneless Stewing 65c QUALITY SUPIRlRIGHT SMOKED Club u Chipped rn 33c M AI CHIPPED RibInd Pork 49c Chopped Ham wpk5 29c Cutup Chicken Parts QUALITY AMERICAS OlnxOAILI FOOD BIRTHDAY Breaded 1 s lex u69c ASPS OWN ALL PUKPOSI PURE VESITAILI Winqt 25c lacki ft Neeki vvni fl V I APkK dexo 3 169 Sauce 2169 DEL GROSSO MMJCMSrSfECMLSf DAIRY DEPT VALUES AAFS OWN CHEISE FOOD Ched0Bitpiain 2lb 75c OWN SILVERIROOK Rofl WISCONSINS SHARP Cheddar Cheese 57c CANNED ANN PAOi Tomato Juice 3 s 89 3 s 49 Special Section Picnics Barbecues Extra Plus Cook Book 50 Recipes for CHEESE in June Wmiaris Day 10 JANE PARKEIl BAKERV BUVS Dutch Cinnamon Apple Pies LARGE LESS THAN 15c A POUND OWN NUTLEX MARGARINE AlrPf Own Marvel your Choice CHOCOLATE or VANILLA 59 Flour Reduced At Pillsbury Gold Medal Robln Hpod FROZEN FOOD IUyS PMSH PROZEN AiP IRAND Orange 4 69 JJWr IRAN0 2 1001 ICE CREAM 59 CAL Big RECORD Salt Nam J A Worth LP By Famouj Popular Artists PRODUCE TOPS fN LOW IN POTATO FLORIDA Your Choice of Two Varieties Calif Long Whitt or Alabama Red MBJ All No 1 Six BAG A Potatoes REP RIPE FLORIDA GROWN SALE 10lb Corn REAL GOOD EATING CALIF VALENCIA 6 r45 w v f 6Qc GARDEN FRESH FLA GROWN Green Beans IMP 6ROWN 29C 3 Swiffnii wfc Nuwft Fibric Soltner firm fiiiit Pill Karo Waflli Syrup Mazola Oil i K Corn Mazola Oil Milk Amplifier 12ez 39C Nibliti Mixicom Prim LunehMn Miat Beef Sandwich Steaks 65c Uox Green Giant CHAW torfe 2 Gentle Fels Liquid Detergent Treet Luncheon Meat Armours leef Stew Armours Vienni Sausages Can Can 49c Can 49c 24oz Cans 45c Armours Deviled Cans 43c Brownie Potato lag 49c lachman Pretzels Box 33c Breast0Chicken Tuna Chunk Style 36oz Cans 96c Stock Up Mow i Big Sale Health UeautyAlds Continues Through Saturday Night May THE GREAT ATLANTIC PACIFIC TEA COMPANY 1859 AMERICAS DEPENDABLE FOOD ivS9 ftetfivt Tfcrw Saturday May
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Company Overview of Abiquo Group, Inc.
BOARD MEMBERS AFFILIATED WITH Helena Torras *
Vice President of Operations and Director
MOST CONNECTED PEOPLE TO Helena Torras
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Apartment | 2 bedrooms | sleeps 5
|Key Info
Cross the road and you can enter immediately in the Sardinian sea. Quiet and peaceful. Easy to get for people who don't need the car. Apartment with 2 bedrooms and 2 bathroom. Private garden for your lunch and your outdoor life, ideal for your child. This flat is an ideal solution for family with infant or with little child.
|Sleeps up to 5, 2 bedrooms
|Nearest beach
|LIDO 5 km
|Car not necessary
|Nearest travel links
|Nearest airport: ALGHERO AHO 6 km, Nearest railway: ALGHERO 1 km
|Family friendly
|Great for children of all ages, Suitable for people with restricted mobility
|Pets welcome, Yes, smoking allowed
Features and Facilities
|Air conditioning, TV
|Dishwasher, Fridge, Freezer, Washing machine
|2 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms of which 2 Shower rooms
|1 Sofa beds, Double beds (2), Dining seats for 8
|Linen provided, Towels provided
|Private garden, BBQ, Bicycles available
|Parking, Lift access
|Further details indoors
The garden area is a good solution for your lunch and for yours child's play. 2 bedroomswith double beds, 2 bathroom with shower. In living room you can find an sofabed and 20"TVC. Kitchenette with dishwasher and washing machine. A few steps for down from apartment to garden.
|Further details outdoors
Barbeque with lavic stone. 3 mountain bike available in no good condition. Parking free on the street.
|Further details
If you have decided to arrive by car don't worry, you will have facility in the street.
We can furnished on request towels for beach. Deposit with bank transfer or paypal. No caution.
You turn whichever question to us in the first contacts and we will be happy for answering also to your curiosities. We will answer to your demands every day from the Monday to the Saturday .
Special Price for rent long period
The Sardinia region
The ancient city of Alghero is shielded by a cape that encloses the beach and the port. The imposing bastions, towers which face the sea, and the Land Gate and Saint Joan's gate which face the city testify the ancient and alternate vicissitudes inflicted upon this Catalan city from both sea and land. The colourful roads of the city's boulevards are paved with granite cobbles and slabs. Decorative and ancient palaces rub shoulders with numerous handicraft stores, restaurants and bars which offer exquisite specialties and fantastic local wines.
Alghero is a city whose strongly Catalan character shows through. This legacy is shown in everything from the local language to the glorious architecture and the splendid natural landscape which surrounds the entire area. Beyond the port to the north there are beautiful beaches of San Giovanni and Maria Pia .
A strenuous walk will bring visitors to the beaches from the city centre In the are there are many interesting examples of archaeology linked to Sardinia's rich past. Amongst the most important are the Necropolis of Anghelu Ruiu, an ancient funerary complex and the Nuraghe Palmavera, a rare surviving example of a Nuraghic fortress.
In the historical centre don't miss the church of San Francisco built in the 14th century. On the outskirts of the city you will find located the beautiful marine park of Porto Conte which is reachable by bicycle. Beyond the stunning cape of Capo Caccia, one can easily reach the Coves of Neptune in car or by bicycle, and also by Bus or ferry service from the port. The stunning natural environment inside of the coves is well worth the trip.
The Climate is mild all the year thanks to the proximity of the sea. The warmer months are June and July, coldest January and February. The temperature never drops below approximately 4/5° . This is a particularly appealing characteristic for visitors from Northern Europe, although the wind can be irksome in the cold months.
January - BOGAMARI Festival: festival dedicated to the cult of sea, and fishing during the winter period. Many restaurants offer menus including famous sea urchins, and visitors can purchase urchins at a reasonable cost.
March - SETTIMANA SANTA: The Holy week of Passover is very characteristic of the city's Catalan origins. Many inhabitants and tourists join in.
April - NOSTRA SIGNORA DI VALVERDE: Rustic festival and religious procession. The celebrations begin the first Sunday after Passover and are characterised by solemn religious rituals. The pilgrims continue through the month of May.
May - CAVALCATA SARDA - SASSARI: Equestrian parade of the city of Sassari through the city centre streets in traditional costume. Every village parades in typical costume and offers their typical produce of the. A true day of festivity that continues for the whole week through the streets and the public squares of the centre.
14 August - FARADDA - SASSARI- Equestrian parade of the candlesticks: the most important and eagerly-anticipated race for the inhabitants of Sassari. They parade carrying their oldest wax effigies and dancing through the streets of the centre to the beat of a drum, until arriving after hours of parades at the church of Santa Maria in order to give thanks for having escaped the plague.
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poppies canvas prints, impressionism canvas prints, poppy canvas prints, field canvas prints, meadow canvas prints, impressionist canvas prints, garden canvas prints, california canvas prints, californian canvas prints, spain canvas prints
Corner Detail: Stretched canvas print with 1.5" stretcher bars and mirrored image sides. Also available with black sides, whites sides, and 5/8" stretcher bars.
Bring your artwork to life with the texture and depth of a stretched canvas print. Your image gets printed on one of our premium canvases and then stretched on a wooden frame of 1.5" x 1.5" stretcher bars (gallery wrap) or 5/8" x 5/8" stretcher bars (museum wrap). All stretched canvases ship within 3 - 4 business days and arrive "ready to hang" with pre-attached hanging wire, mounting hooks, and nails.
Stretched canvas prints look beautiful with or without frames.
Fine Art America is one of the largest, most-respected giclee printing companies in the world with over 40 years of experience producing museum-quality prints. All of our prints are produced on state-of-the-art, professional-grade Epson printers. We use acid-free papers and canvases with archival inks to guarantee that your prints last a lifetime without fading or loss of color.
My colorful and peaceful painting of evening poppies in a beautiful sunset landscape is hand painted in acrylic and pastel on canvas.Just a reminder to my viewers that my FAA mark will not show up on your purchase! There are many more of my paintings for sale as prints and cards in my Fine Art America Jane Small gallery. My paintings are designed to impart a sense of happiness,tranquillity,beauty and peace while at the same time using beautiful and vibrant color combinations. My gallery also includes a collection of paintings in the unusual and exquisite medium of melted beeswax (encaustic art)
(The FAA mark will not show on your print purchase) I am a professional artist from the U.K. specializing in peaceful ,meditative and enchanting paintings,often from a mystical and spiritual perspective.I like to make light and color dance on my canvas to create a magical and tranquil harmony.All my art is traditionally hand painted on canvas or paper but retains a fresh and contemporary feel. It is the result of many years of experience and dedication.It includes realism,impressionism,and fantasy.My expertize is in painting in acrylic and /or pastel and also in the exquisitely beautiful and unusual medium of melted beeswax (encaustic art).I have developed my own unique styles in these mediums . I am showing here on Fine Art America...
Our return policy is very simple:
If you're not happy with a purchase that you made on FineArtAmerica.com, for any reason, you can return it to us within 30 days of the order date. As soon as it arrives, we'll issue a full refund for the entire purchase price. Please note - Fine Art America does not reimburse the outgoing or return shipping charges unless the return is due to a defect in quality.
Fine Art America sells thousands of pieces of artwork each month - all with a 100% money-back guarantee.
If you've hesitated to purchase artwork online in the past, why not give us a try? You have nothing to lose!
We take great pride in the fact that 275,939 artists have chosen Fine Art America to fulfill their orders, and we look forward to helping you select your next piece!
Customer Service: 877-807-5901
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All canvas prints ship from our production facility within three business days of your order.


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Strange, Odd, Weird or Wacky
Bow WOW! Part 2: Zoomer's Helmet For Biker Dogsby Lady Bee
First, I'll tell you who Zoomer is. He's the faun-colored biker dog dachshund showing off the helmut he helped design so he could bike with his owners. Nice Zoomer Gear Helmut. Wait 'til you see the bike!
Man + Animal = "Manimals" = Eerie Portraitsby Diana Eid
Bow WOW! The Latest Biker Dog Fashionby Lady Bee
Cosmetics For The Deceased Make The Late Look Greatby Steve Levenstein
You Know What You Can Do With That Tongue? Make Some Art With It!by Diana Eid
Vegete - A Fruit Juice, Vegetable Drink and Alcoholic Beverage in One!by Steve Levenstein
Don't Stick Your Used Gum Under the Table. Give It To This Guy! Chewed Up Gum Artby Diana Eid
Great Invention Idea? A Reservation System for Airplane Toilets.by Elizabeth Valeri
MeatWater™ For The Carnivore In All Of Usby Toby
Vitamin waters leaving you tired and run down? Of course! Vitamin and other bottled waters lack what active people need most... protein! Now Liquid Innovations presents Krautkrämer's MeatWater™ High Efficiency Survival Beverage, all the protein you need for an active, even athletic, lifestyle. In no other bottle can you find gastronomic feasts like MeatWater's breakfasts and dinners. (The Texas BBQ is to die for!) In fact, the MeatWater protein drinks totally "satifiy your inner carnivore."
Wait a Minute...How Did He Do That? Impossible Artby Diana Eid
Great Invention Idea? A Diaper for Your Bird!by Elizabeth Valeri
Fresh Baked Bread, Anyone? Gruesome Body Bakeryby Diana Eid
Art You Can Scratch Your Head Overby Diana Eid
Insects and Old Wristwatches Make Beautiful Art Togetherby Diana Eid
Make Perfect Ice Cubes With A $1300 Ice Cube Moldby Toby
In Japan, the perfection of the cocktail is akin to France's obsession with perfecting the souffle. The skilled and creative bartenders in the Ginza area of Tokyo compete like crazies to perfect their mixed drinks, and everything from the material of the cocktail shaker to the style of the shake is in play. Now, from Taisin Trend Shop, comes an ice mold that makes the perfect sphere for your cocktail.
Wear Your Dearly Departed Pet as a Diamond Ringby Steve Levenstein
Bizarre Breast Puddings From Japanby Steve Levenstein
Hold Me, Hug Me, Touch Me... The HeartBeans Coffee Grinderby Toby
You are not, by far, the only one who can't survive without your morning coffee. But is your love of that bring-me-into-the-world-of- the-living cup of coffee strong enough to power a coffee grinder with your heart?


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Dan Preston of Franklin was the winner in a drawing held by Vietnam Veterans of America during the Macon County Fair.
The prize, donated by Bryant-Grant Funeral Home, was limited edition print "Ellijay Farm" by Franklin artist, Michael M. Rogers.
Weekly updates are in progress!
Grab your FREE copy of theMacon County News & Shopping Guideon newsstands today!


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Posted: 8/23/2014 9:50 PM
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dokgonzo wrote: Man. Really tough to call some of these. Some of these notions are just guesses ...There's some speculation that if Bradford is hurt the Rams may be interested in Mallett. So I'm not even going to comment on his situation.I'm not sure Browner makes the team - he hasn't looked all that good and BB hasn't played him much. Butler definitely makes it.One of Tavon Wilson/Pat Chung is gone.I think Bequette is gone.One of Will Smith/Tommy Kelly is gone. BB seems to prefer to go with younger guys now.Vellano may be safe until Siliga/Chris Jones are healthy.I know no one will agree, but I think LB/FB Tyler McCuller sticks on the PS - or maybe he takes Chris White's job as ST LB. Yeah, I know I have a soft-spot for these under-the-radar guys BB finds, but he was playing LB, ST, and FB all through camp and did will at all of them. That's kind of rare to find.Kannoris Davis is likely gone.Really don't know what to make of the RB situation other than Vereen and Develin. Those are the only 2 I'm sure have a spot. Finch won't clear waivers, someone will take him just for kick returns. Bolden and Gray are both about the same size - but Gray could be hidden on the PS. I like Bolden, but my only gripe with him is that against good defenses he has too many negative plays. I think Gray would be better at bulling his way for a few yards at least.I would not be surprised if they were looking to trade Ridley for a TE or LB - I know there's been no news about that, but if I were BB and I was worried about him fumbling still, that's what I'd be doing. If they do that then Bolden stays.I'm not sold on White - if they like him, they can put him on the PS and I doubt anyone will pick it.I can't imagine a scenario where they keep Maneri - McCuller has more upside.Justin Jones is safe for now only because of numbers. But if there's a trade for a TE or BB feels the FB's can do the job, he's gone. Lets remember that BB/McD shape the offense around the players and not the other way around like everyone else. So some big RB/FB's who can block and catch outlet passes are basically as good as a small TE.I would not be surprised to see LaFell cut. He just hasn't wowed me. I'd take Tyms over him, but the suspension may give him a month to prove to BB that he's worth hanging onto.Boyce will slip to the PS. He's shown nothing that'll entice another team to take him, but there's still potential. For now.And then there's about 10-12 no-names and rookies who are either gone or on the PS.
Posted: 8/24/2014 4:32 PM
Last edited 8/24/2014 4:38 PM by GinoC
Posted: 8/24/2014 5:03 PM
TNPatsFan wrote: Time for the Rams to give up on Bradford. He goes on IR every year. It's too bad because I think the Rams could have surprised this year. I think their backup is Kellen Clements if I'm not mistaken? Now they're doomed.
Posted: 8/24/2014 5:05 PM
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dominicanthug wrote: Surprise that Kelly got cut.Idk about that move.The guy is a veteran and big vince is still coming off an injury.
Posted: 8/25/2014 12:57 PM
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Division wrote: dominicanthug wrote: Surprise that Kelly got cut.Idk about that move.The guy is a veteran and big vince is still coming off an injury.Actually Vince is playing like he never had a serious injury. Kelly will be back, I'm sure.
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TNPatsFan wrote: NFL.com is reporting that the Rams may be interested in Mark Sanchez. So they must be thinking of tanking the season so they can get a QB with the number one pick next year!
Posted: 8/26/2014 8:35 AM
3rdngoal wrote: I hope the Pats are hiding the 2 back set a bit. They are using it but I think we will see it a lot more in the regular season. With that in mind 1 more TE would seem adequate but may not happen so they can keep a back.
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polar bear diving.
also as a t-shirt design
awesome design :P
thanks, i really like how it's turned out
Great style!
thanks Jacqueline, i'm glad you like it!
nice, I like it!
cheers Alyson!
oh man this is so beautiful. I like the colored outside the line look on this one, I think it goes very well with the drawing. Also… great typography. Damn I just love everything about it.
wow, many thanks for the really kind comments.
– iamsla
pola bears are cool. get it? get it? ahhh…
great illo :)
teehehe, their as cool as….
– iamsla
this is awesome!
so cool!!
cheers and thankies for the fav
– iamsla


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Inspired by an actual, years-old tabloid story, filmmaker Matteo Garrone's award winning The Embalmer is an intriguing art-house entry that also represents a real marketing challenge. Its curious story of the bizarre friendship forged by very short, 50-something taxidermist and flunky-to-the-Mob Peppino (Ernesto Mahieux) and tall, young, hunky waiter Valerio (Valerio Foglia Manzillo) is surprisingly believable, yet it's the film's sparse, poetic, Felliniesque backdrops of mostly night-enshrouded cement-block suburbs that linger. While critics will deservedly put a positive stamp on the film, its dreamy, grim style may not be enough to overcome oddball content that steers too clear of the homoerotic frustrations that inform it.
Largely a nocturnal tale of lost souls that unfolds in singularly colorless corners of Italy, The Embalmer has Peppino and Valerio first meeting at a zoo. The dwarfish, friendly man is clearly smitten by the towering newcomer and suggests he work with him as an assistant. Valerio is game and soon the two are sharing more than the taxidermy workspace. At Peppino's urging, the two dive into the night scene, visiting sex clubs, picking up hookers, and partying together with all the gusto of hedonistic frat brothers.
Peppino enjoys certain vicarious thrills as Valerio easily scores. The ante is upped when Valerio moves into his pal's apartment. But, as is inevitable in these situations, the thrill is gone when Valerio takes up seriously with Deborah (Elisabetta Rocchetti), a young drifter as ordinary as she is pretty. A subplot involving Peppino's sordid work for the Mob only underscores the possibility of a destiny that will not take him down a path strewn with roses.
Valerio and Deborah eventually abandon Peppino and relocate near her parents. Peppino follows, stalks the couple, and tries to convince Valerio of his folly. As in film noir, this look at characters on the margin has the fittest surviving and the anti-hero headed toward doom.
The acting, cinematography and Nino Rota-like score here especially excel. Mahieux reverberates as a macabre version of that other short Italian, Danny DeVito. In spite of its strong assets, the film, which was also a selection in the Museum of Modern Art and Lincoln Center's prestigious New Directors/New Films series and Cannes' Directors Fortnight, lacks the guts to explore what it's really about, in spite of the wholly expected tacked-on violence and tragedy. Art-house audiences, who demand more daring and commitment than this mesmerizing but basically teasing effort is willing to provide, will still find much that is seductive.
--Doris Toumarkine
Film Review: Penguins of Madagascar
Frenetic vehicle for supporting players from the Madagascar films will entertain kids but prove a little wearying for their parents. More »
Film Review: The Imitation Game
Terrific biopic about world-class mathematician and social misfit Alan Turing, who, in spite of a painful struggle with his homosexuality, helped the Allies break the code of the Nazis' Enigma machine. More »
» Blue Sheets
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Word Worth®
©World Magazine of
Ideas and the Arts™ — October 2014. Volume XIV, No. 10
[ Cover ] [ Editorials ] [ Columns ] [ Letters ] [ Arts ] [ Insights ] [ Take A Look! ]
Front Page
Welcome to
October's Word Worth Magazine. Our
editorial this month is Adah
Part 4
by Marien Helz; our
columnist Michael J. Cahill discusses the true
nature of Work;
and on the Arts page we have the marvelous and
little known art of Intarsia by Kenn Reed.
Our archives are stored at
Word Worth's mission
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Columns on subjects as diverse as xeriscaping, travel,
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We do not shy away from controversial subjects, but we believe in
dealing with them respectfully and rationally. In one of his relatively
more recent concerts, Arlo Guthrie said that over the years he had made
friends that he might not have expected to make initially. He concluded
that there are two kinds of people: those who care and those who don't.
He came to realize that you can find both of those kinds on every side
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—M H Perry
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Evidencing e-learning hours
One part of the e-learning conversation is the percentage of time that learners can/should/do spend using on-line learning. This is a subject that has been raised by Feltag who recommended (October 2013) that a portion of funding is allocated according to the amount of e-learning content in publically funded programmes.
At For Skills/Guroo, we've been doing quite a lot of research on behalf of customers into e-learning use for English and maths we've come up with some interesting stats.
- For Skills and Guroo customers collectively recorded 3 million hours of e-learning
- The marginal cost of e-learning delivery is significantly less than £1 per learner hour
- "Upper quartile" users of e-learning in maths and English target 5 hours in assessment/review with an additional 15 hours for e-learning resource use
SkillsPortfolio - the UK's best regarded and most cost effective "full service" e-portfolio solution - is perfect for tracking e-learning usage across all qualifications, not just English and maths.


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I hope at least a few people "get the message"
Submitted by Enjoying The De... on Sat, 02/15/2014 - 00:41. Permalink
Get the message that "the news" ain't "news."
It is "scripted propaganda."
And if you thought what you were consuming was "nutrition," you now know it was brain rotting filth.
- Login to post comments


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Question of the Day
Turkey Sandwiches: Hellmann's or Miracle Whip?
How do you top your turkey? Black Friday is not only the day for shopping but also for turkey sandwiches after the shopping. So we ask the all-important question: Hellmann's or Miracle Whip?
Would You Keep Your Child Home if He Were Bullied?
Is A-Rod Telling the Truth?
Should Rob Ford Resign?
How Much Do You Budget for Donations Throughout the Year?
How Will You Celebrate Veterans' Day?
Should "The Arabs" Change Their Name?
"The NFL Washington Team" is not alone. Now a high school in California is now being accused of having a racist moniker and is being called upon to change the team's name and mascot.


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|Web Site:
United States
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About you: You are a developer who thrives in a collaborative environment were you're looking for new challenges to hone your skills You view learning new technologies, languages, and frameworks as an opportunity to solve problems in a more efficient way You love sharing and9/20/2014 Salt Lake City, UT Save This Job
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How to Make Easter Crafts: 7 Cute Easter Craft Projects
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Some-Bunny Loves You Card
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Show that special someone you care this Easter when you make them a Some-Bunny Loves You Card. This simple handmade card will take under an hour to complete, and it shouldn't cost much either! If you are looking for a simple Easter craft that will also mean a lot, this is the perfect project for you. Show some-bunny some love this holiday season with this adorable handmade card.
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Platinum thin-film metallization is selectively etched with aqua regia, using a chromium or titanium film as an etch-resistant mask. In a specific embodiment, an integrated circuit structure is metallized with successive layers of titanium, platinum, gold and a metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium and corrosion-resistant alloys thereof. The system is particularly suited for the formation of insulated "cross-over" metallization, or multi-level interconnecting metallization.
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Description (OCR text may contain errors)
llnited States Patent luller 3,657,629 [451 Apr. 18, 1972 [54] PLATINUM THIN-F 1111M METALLIZATION METHOD [72] Inventor: Clyde R. Fuller, Plano, Tex.
[73] Assignee: Texas Instruments Incorporated, Dallas,
22 Filed: Dec.31,1968
211 Appl.No.: 788,187
[52] U.S.Cl ..156/11, 117/212, 117/213,
. l17/2l7,1l7/22l,lS6/l7, 156/18 [51] Int. Cl ..C23f1/02,B44d l/18, C23b 5/64 [58] Field ofSearch ..156/3, 7, 8,11,13,18;
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,236,708 2/1966 Tillis 3,256,588 6/1966 Sikina et a1. ..l56/l7 X 3,290,753 12/1966 Chang ..l56/l7 X 3,367,806 2/1968 Cullis ..156/17 3,424,627 l/1969 Michel et al. ..156/17 X 3,444,015 5/1969 Baker et a1 156/1 1 3,492,179 1/1970 Gaze ..156/18 Primary Examinerl'larold Ansher Assistant Examiner-Joseph C. Gil
Attorney-James 0. Dixon, Andrew M. l-lassell, Harold Levine, Melvin Sharp, John E. Vandigriff, Henry T. Olsen, Michael A. Sileo, Jr. and Gary C. Honeycutt [57] ABSTRACT Platinum thin-film metallization is selectively etched with aqua regia, using a chromium or titanium film as an etch-resistant mask. In a specific embodiment, an integrated circuit structure is metallized with successive layers of titanium, platinum, gold and a metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium and corrosion-resistant alloys thereof. The system is particularly suited for the formation of insulated cross-over metallization, or multi-level interconnecting metallization.
10 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATENTEDAPR 18 m2 3,657, 029
INVENTOR CLYDE R. FULLER BY May- A'ITORNEY PLATINUM THIN-FILM METALLIZATION METHOD This invention relates to the fabrication of electrical contacts and interconnecting metallization systems for semiconductor devices. More particularly, the invention is directed to a method for the selective etching of platinum thin films and to a novel metallization system comprising successive layers of titanium, platinum and gold, adapted for use with second level or multi-level electrical interconnections.
The beam lead" system, a well-known metallization for semiconductor devices, is deposited and patterned on a standard slice of planar devices after the contact holes have been etched through the passivating oxide layer. Platinum silicide ohmic contacts are formed in the contact holes, followed by a sputtered deposition of titanium and platinum layers on the oxide, and then the selective etching of platinum layers on the with aqua regia, using a photoresist layer as a mask. The mask is then removed and replaced with a reverse pattern of photoresist, through which the gold beams are electrodeposited, followed by selective chemical etching to remove excess titanium.
Etch-resistant masking patterns are then developed on the reverse side of the semiconductor slice, in registry with the metallized patterns on the other side. The unmaskedsilicon is then etched away, leaving the individual devices with beam leads cantilevered beyond the edges of the slice. Isolation trenches are thus provided in integrated circuits, thereby replacing isolation diffusions or solid dielectric isolation. In summary, the beam leads are batch-fabricated as an integral part of the semiconductor device, integrated circuit or other component, to serve as structural supports for the chips, as well as electrical contacts.
Although the beam lead system possesses superior corrosion-resistance, it has had limited application because of problems relating to contact geometry formation and to metallurgical instability. In addition, the poor adhesion of deposited silicon dioxide on gold has rendered the system incompatible with conventional techniques for building second level and higher levels of integrated circuit electrical interconnections. Specifically, successful contact geometry formation in platinum has required exacting conditions of platinum deposition parameters, etch composition, and the application and handling of photo-resist films. The platinum film has had to be of low density so as to facilitate etching. The photo-resist had to be carefully hardened to produce maximum resistance to hot aqua regia. Further, pattern development had to be perfectly clean to insure etching of the platinum. Finally, the aqua regia had to be formulated witha low nitric acid content in order to reduce its tendency to attack the photo-resist.
Normally, the underlying titanium film must remain intact to provide electrical continuity for the electro-deposition of gold, but when the nitric acid content of aqua regia is low, the titanium may fail to passivate and therefore etch inadvertently along with the platinum film. Both chromium and titanium effectively resist attack by normal aqua regia compositions, due to the formation of inert oxides by reaction with the nitric acid contained therein.
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved method of contact geometry formation in a platinum-comprising microelectronic metallization system. It is a further object of the invention to adapt a titaniumplatinum-gold metallization system and technique for use in second level and multi-level electrical interconnections in the fabrication of integrated circuits.
The invention is embodied in a method for selectively etching a platinum film, beginning with the step of deposing a film of chromium or titanium on the platinum film. The chromium or titanium is then selectively etched to form a mask having the same pattern as desired in the platinum. The masked platinum surface is then contracted with aqua regia to remove the exposed platinum, followed by the step of removing the mask.
The platinum and the chromium or titanium are deposited in accordance with any suitable method, including vacuum evaporation or sputtering. Suitable techniques for the selective etching of chromium or titanium are also known to the art. A preferred technique for patterning a chromium film is to apply a photo-resist pattern having the same configuration as ultimately desired in the platinum, followed by the step of etching the exposed chromium in an aqueous sulfuric acid solution containing cen'c sulphate and nitric acid, at a temperature of about 40 C. A titanium mask is patterned using a suitable photo-resist mask and an etch solution containing dilute hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, and a small amount of hydrofluoric acid. Once the chromium or titanium mask pattern is completed, the exposed portion of the platinum film is contacted with aqua regia. Effective ratios of hydrochloric acid to nitric acid are known in the art. A ratio of 3/1, for example, has been found particularly suitable. After the platinum is etched, any remaining photo-resist is removed, followed by the removal of the chromium or titanium using, for example, the same etch solution as employed to pattern the chromium or titanium mask.
The invention is also embodied in an integrated circuit structure including a monocrystalline semiconductor body having a first windowed insulation layer on a surface thereof, covered by a plurality of metallization levels, spaced apart by an insulation layer between each pair of adjacent levels. The first metallization level includes a first layer of titanium covered by platinum, then gold, and then a metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium or a corrosion-resistant alloy of any of these last three metals. A second windowed insulation layer covers the first metallization level and the second level of metallization covers the second insulation layer. The second metallization level establishes electrical contact through windows at selected locations in the second insulation layer. Successive levels of metallization may be of any suitable composition or combination of layers compatible with requirements for conductivity, metallurgical stability, and adhesion to deposited insulations. However, the choice criteria should include corrosion resistance, since it is primarily this characteristic of the Ti-Pt-Au system that make it desirable for use as a multilevel metallization. Therefore, logically, successive metallization levels are usually identical to the first, with similar forming processes being necessary.
Typically, the monocrystalline semiconductor body is silicon, having a first insulation layer of silicon dioxide on a surface thereof, the silicon dioxide having windows therein exposing selected areas of the silicon surface for ohmic contact. Platinum silicide ohmic contacts are then formed by techniques well known to the art. Thereafter, the titaniumplatinum-gold and the molybdenum, tungsten or rhenium may be deposited in accordance with known techniques.
However, in accordance with a further aspect of the invention, an improved method is provided for the fabrication of an integrated circuit structure as defined above. The initial step involves the formation of platinum silicide or other suitable ohmic contacts, followed by the step of sequentially depositing layers of titanium, platinum and chromium or titanium on the windowed insulation layer to establish contact with the ohmic contact areas at the window locations. The chromium or titanium surface layer is then selectively etched to provide therein the same pattern as desired in the platinum layer. Using the patterned chromium or titanium layer as a mask, the platinum layer is selectively etched, followed by removal of the metal mask. The initial titanium layer is then selectively etched to provide therein the same pattern as in the platinum. A layer of gold and then a layer of a refractory metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium or alloy thereof, is deposited on the gold. The gold and the refractory metal layers are then selectively etched to provide therein the same pattern as in the remaining metal layers. A second insulation layer is then deposited to cover the metal layers and the first insulation layer. Windows are selectively etched in the second insulation layer at locations where electrical contact with underlying metallization is desired. A second metallization level is then deposited on the windowed second insulation layer to establish contact with the underlying metallization. Finally, the second level metallization is patterned to provide the desired geometry.
The resistance of the chromium or titanium mask to aqua regia is such that high-density platinum of greater thickness can be employed, relative to the previous practice. The resulting increase in metallurgical stability allows further process modifications, not only facilitating application of the titaniumplatinum-gold system to complex integrated circuits, but, with the deposition of molybdenum, tungsten or rhenium over the gold, extension of this corrosion-resistant system to devices requiring multi-level electrical interconnections is permitted.
The prior practice, following the platinum etch, was to remove the photo-resist employed for that operation and to apply a reverse pattern of photo-resist. Gold was then electrodeposited through the resist mask to thicknesses that were frequently incompatible with metallurgical stability, for the express purpose of forming beams of gold as device mounting and contact areas. The result was a thick, vertically-sided gold interconnection pattern, incompatible with the fabrication of second level interconnections. The higher density, thicker platinum films permissible with the application of the present invention provide metallurgical stability compatible with thinner vacuum-deposited gold films. The subsequent deposition of molybdenum, tungsten or rhenium provides an adhesion base for surface protection, or for second level insulation oxide. Contact geometry may then be formed by conventional photo-resist and selective etching techniques to yield metal configurations compatible with second level crossover continuity.
A further benefit gained from the use of this invention with the titanium-pIatinum-gold system stems from differences between surface reflectivities of the platinum and the chromium. Extraneous exposure of contact photo masking materials always occurs to some degree because of scattered reflection from multi-level device surfaces. When the metal is highly reflective, the photo-resist is sufficiently exposed to result in contact bridging. The lower reflectivities of a chromium layer over platinum reduces the problem.
FIGS. 1 through 4 are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure, illustrating successive stages in fabricating the preferred embodiment ofthe invention.
FIGURE 1 Silicon wafer 11 is processed by any suitable technique to provide therein the indicated regions of n-type and p-type conductivity. The structure illustrated is a portion of an integrated circuit structure to be provided with the necessary metal interconnection system. An n-p-n transistor is formed by emitter 12 and base 13, in combination with substrate 11 which serves as a collector region. P-type region 14 is a resistor element to be connected electrically with transistor base region 13. An insulating layer 15, typically silicon dioxide, for example, covering the surface of wafer 11 acquires a stepped configuration, as shown, during successive diffusion operations. Thereafter, openings or windows are selectively etched in the oxide layer to permit ohmic contact with each of the respective conductivity regions by the first metallization level. Also, the silicon surfaces exposed by the ohmic holes in oxide layer 15 are converted to platinum silicide (not shown) for the purpose of improving ohmic contact with the first metallization level.
Next, titanium layer 16, platinum layer 17, and chromium layer 18 are deposited by known techniques, including, for example, vacuum evaporation or sputtering. Chromium layer 18 is then selectively etched to provide the appropriate pattern for use as a mask in the subsequent etching of platinum layer 17. For example, the chromium layer is first covered with a suitable photo-resist composition which is selectively exposed to a suitable light source and then developed to provide the exact pattern required. A suitable etchant for the removal of the exposed chromium pattern is the aqueous ceric sulphatesulfuric acid-nitric acid mixture mentioned above. For example, the solution is prepared from 50 of 0.5 N ceric sulfate in 2 N sulfuric acid, and 35 ml. concentrated nitric acid, diluted with water to yield ml. of etchant solution.
The structure shown in FIG. 1 is then immersed in aqua regia for the purpose of removing the exposed portions of platinum layer 17. The aqua regia does not appreciably attack the chromium mask, or titanium layer 16, due to the passivating effect of oxides initially formed upon reaction with the nitric acid contained in aqua regia. After the aqua regia etch, the chromium mask is removed with the eerie sulphate solution, for example, followed by a selective etching of the undesired portions of titanium layer 16 using, for example, an etchant solution comprising hydrochloric acid containing a small amount of hydrofluoric acid to activate the titanium by removing any oxide coating formed upon contact with the aqua regia.
In FIG. 2, the resulting pattern formed in the titanium and platinum layers is shown, including subsequently-deposited gold layer 19 and molybdenum layer 20. As before, the gold and molybdenum layers are deposited in accordance with known techniques, such as vacuum evaporation or sputtering. A selective mask 21 of a suitable photo-resist is then patterned on molybdenum layer 20 in the same configuration as previ ously provided in the chromium. The molybdenum and gold layers are then selectively etched using, for example, potassium ferricyanide and alcoholic iodine-potassium iodide, respectively, and the photo-resist is then removed.
The resulting titanium-platinum-gold molybdenum metallization is then covered with a suitable insulating material 22 such as silicon dioxide, which may be deposited using known techniques, including, for example, the decomposition of tetraethylorthosilicate vapors, or the oxidation of silane. The resulting structure is shown in FIG. 3.
Oxide layer 22 is then selectively etched to provide a window 23 for iinterconnection between the first and second levels of metallization. Titanium interconnection 24, platinum layer 25, and gold layer 26 are then deposited in accordance with known techniques, similarly as in he case of the first level metallization. The resulting completed structure is shown in FIG. 4.
Although each of the above embodiments is described with the use of platinum'as the preferred metal of the platinum-palladium group, it will be apparent that other metals may be substituted therefor, including palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium and iridium, but not necessarily with equivalent results.
What is claimed is:
l. A method for metallizing a microelectronic semiconductor structure having a first insulation layer on a surface thereof, said first insulation layer having windows therein exposing selected areas of said semiconductor surface for ohmic contact, comprising:
a. sequentially deposing a first layer of titanium and then a layer of a metal of the platinum-palladium group on the windowed insulation layer, then depositing a layer of chromium or a second layer of titanium on the metal of the platinum-palladium group;
b. selectively etching the chromium layer or second titanium layer to provide therein the same pattern as desired in the layer of platinum-palladium group metal;
c. selectively etching the platinum-palladium group metal layer, with the patterned chromium or second titanium layer serving as a mask;
d. removing the chromium or titanium mask;
e. selectively etching the first titanium layer to provide therein the same pattern as in the platinum-palladium group metal;
f. depositing a layer of gold and then a layer of a refractory metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium or an alloy thereof; g. selectively etching the gold and refractory metal layers to provide therein the same pattern as in the remaining metal layers;
h. depositing a second insulation layer to cover said metal layers and said first insulation layer;
i. selectively etching windows in said second insulation layer at locations where electrical contact with underlying metallization is desired;
j. depositing a metal layer on said windowed second insulation layer to establish contact with the underlying metallization; and
k. patterning the metal layer on said second insulation layer.
2. A method as defined by claim 1 wherein the platinumpalladium group metal is platinum.
3. A method as defined by claim 2 wherein the deposited masking layer is chromium.
4. The method defined in claim 3 wherein the chromium layer is selectively etched with an etchant solution comprising ceric sulfate, sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
5. A method as defined by claim 3 wherein said refractory metal is molybdenum.
6. A method as defined by claim 5 wherein said second insulation layer is silicon oxide.
7. A method as defined by claim 6 wherein said metal layer on said windowed second insulation layer is chromium or titanium.
8. A method as defined by claim 6 wherein said metal layer on said windowed second insulation layer is comprised of successive layers of titanium, platinum and gold.
9. A method for metallizing a semiconductor structure having a first insulation layer on a surface thereof, said first insulation layer having openings therein exposing the semiconductor surface, comprising:
a. sequentially forming a first layer of titanium and then a layer of a metal selected from the platinum-palladium group over the insulation layer, then forming a layer of chromium or a second layer of titanium on the metal of the platinum-palladium group;
b. selectively removing the chromium or second titanium layer to define a desired pattern therein;
c. selectively removing the platinum-palladium group layer from the regions defined by said pattern;
d. removing the chromium or second titanium layer;
e. selectively removing the first titanium layer from the regions defined by said pattern;
f. sequentially forming a layer of gold and then a layer of a refractory metal over the platinum-palladium group layer; and
g. selectively removing the gold and refractory metal layers from the regions defined by said pattern.
10. The method of claim 9 further comprising forming a second insulation layer over the metal layers, selectively removing the second insulation layer from the regions defined by said pattern, and fonning a metal layer over said insulation layer.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Unique to Toronto, the Commercial List of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice was established in 1991 for the hearing of certain matters involving issues of commercial law. The Commercial List is made up of a team of judges who are experienced in managing complex commercial litigation.
Matters which are eligible for the Commercial List are applications, motion and actions involving certain legislation including the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act, the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and Canada Business Corporations Act, the Personal Property Security Act, and the Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act, among others. In addition, a party may seek leave to have a matter moved to the Commercial List if it is sufficiently commercial in character and could benefit from active case management.
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This product is listed as being 18"x18". I ordered these pillows in 3 colors and was surprised when they all shipped in one small box. When I unpacked them they looked rather small, so I measured them and the dimensions are actually only 16"x16" and therefore a bit small for the the purpose they're intended. The filling/insert is not very plush and could use a lot more thickness. Otherwise, the pillows are very pretty and seem well made. My only disappointment is the inaccurate size and lack of enough filling.
The color of the pillows matched the picture exactly, however, whatever these pillows are stuffed with are cheap and not comfortable at all. This pillow is for looks only so don't plan on using this pillow when you take a nap. They feel and sound like they are stuffed with crumpled up newspaper.
These are not "puffy" pillows, they are flat, which is better for me because I have lots of pillows on the family room couch. I wanted the luxe feeling of suede. I just thought the pillows would be "puffy" and that I would have to deal with it. Imagine my pleasant surprise when they arrived flat and space-saving!
Very soft, but sturdy enough to keep its shape. A+++
Early delivery a plus. Excellent fabric and quality. Unfortunately it did not work with my d�cor. I had to return it.
I could not believe how well the color on pillows matched exactly on the website. The pillows fluffed up well and fit perfectly in our decor.
These pillows are well made and the microsuede material is attractive and durable. I bought them because I changed my rug color and needed to pick up the new color in my living room, and they did the trick.
Usually leaves our warehouse in 1-2 business days. *
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Our standard shipping method is ground shipping. We also offer expedited shipping for most items. Your final shipping cost and estimated delivery timeframe will be available at checkout.
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** Most Oversize orders are delivered within 1-4 weeks. Some orders may take 6 weeks to be delivered.


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Main battery question
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MONTGOMERY, Ala. & COLUMBUS, Ga. -- (BUSINESS WIRE) -- Carmike Cinemas, Inc. (NASDAQ:CKEC), a leading entertainment, digital cinema and 3-D motion picture exhibitor, today announced the grand opening of the new Chantilly 13 entertainment complex featuring the 'BigD' premium experience in Montgomery, Alabama (10477 Chantilly Parkway). The theatre officially opens at Noon (local time) on Thursday, August 7, 2014 in time for Carmike Cinemas to host their charitable event benefiting the community's River Region United Way by offering movie tickets, popcorn and drinks priced at $2.00 each until 5:00 pm. The official Grand Opening of the Chantilly 13 is Friday, August 8th and will feature the finest in Hollywood big-screen entertainment. Visit www.carmike.com for exact show times and to purchase tickets.
In addition, to celebrate Chantilly 13's debut, guests who attend the opening week will enjoy a Free Coca-Cola Freestyle fountain drink (any size) with ticket purchase through close of business August 14. Additional (unless otherwise noted) promotions at this location include:
Stimulus Tuesday – $2 popcorn and $2 fountain drinks with ticket purchase every Tuesday.
Super Bargain Matinee – $5.75 admission prices for all movies between 4:00 pm and 5:30 pm. Standard surcharges for BigD, 3-D and special showings apply.
The new 13-screen theatre seats over 2,800 guests in luxurious comfort and all auditoriums in the leading-edge entertainment complex are equipped with stadium seating, comfortable high-back rocking luxury seats, retractable armrests and convenient cup holders. The BigD, Carmike's critically acclaimed premium large screen format (PLF) experience auditorium, seats 580 patrons and features a screen that measures 81 feet wide by three stories tall. The other 12 auditoriums in the Chantilly 13 are equipped with large, wall-to-wall screens, DLP DIGITAL projection and surround sound. Among the other amenities of the new theatre will be an upscale lobby, multiple concession areas featuring Coca-Cola Freestyle drink centers, and one-stop ticketing and concessions stations for the convenience of all guests.
"We are delighted to bring this exceptional entertainment complex to the great city of Montgomery. At each Carmike location we are committed to providing our valued guests with superior cinema-going entertainment through large format digital projection with bigger screens, better sound, and the finest in-theatre seating to ensure a cutting-edge presentation each and every time," stated David Passman, Carmike Cinemas President and Chief Executive Officer. "The new Chantilly 13 marks our twentieth location in Alabama and we are excited to have Montgomery join a select list of communities offering Carmike's uniquely immersive BigD large screen experience."
To further enhance the premium experience, Carmike's customized BigD system is tuned to a 7.1 speaker array with 16 channels, upgradeable to 11.1 surround sound. This QSC digital audio system is a true revolution in sound technology, with digital audio processing supported by quad-amplified, 4-way speakers, and 21-inch subwoofers. The BigD is powered by a cutting-edge Christie Brilliant 3-D flash projector, which also presents 2-D entertainment. The end result is a light output of 30,000 lumens, creating a picture quality with noticeably higher resolution than HD.
About Carmike Cinemas (www.carmike.com)
Carmike Cinemas, Inc. is a U.S. leader in digital cinema, 3-D cinema deployments and one of the nation's largest motion picture exhibitors. Carmike has 253 theatres with 2,670 screens in 37 states. The circuit includes 39 premium large format auditoriums featuring state-of-the-art technology and luxurious seating, including 24 "BigDs," 13 IMAX auditoriums and two MuviXL screens. As "America's Hometown Theatre Chain," Carmike's primary focus is mid-sized communities.
Carmike Cinemas, Inc.
Crystal Trawick, 706-576-3432
Marketing Project Manager
Shannon Sailors, 706-576-3462
Director of Advertising
Robert Rinderman / Jennifer Neuman, 212-835-8500


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Rare Blue Bicolor Mink Male Ragdoll Available!!!
Available November 29th!!!Read More
Blue Bicolor Male Ragdoll Sold.
Gone to a wonderful home!!!Read More
Seal Bicolor Male Ragdoll (SOLD)
Gone to a great home!Read More
Seal Bicolor Lynx Ragdoll Male (SOLD)
Gone to a new home!!!Read More
Seal Bicolor Mink Male Ragdoll (SOLD)
Gone to a new home!Read More


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Originally published Friday, May 3, 2013 at 10:47 AM
US names experienced diplomat as new Afghan envoy
The Obama administration has tapped a veteran American diplomat to be the new U.S. special representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Associated Press
The Obama administration has tapped a veteran American diplomat to be the new U.S. special representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Secretary of State John Kerry says he chose Ambassador James F. Dobbins because of his "deep and long-standing relationships in the region."
Kerry called the leaders of Afghanistan and Pakistan on Friday to inform them of his decision. He praised Dobbins as one of America's "most accomplished diplomats."
Dobbins replaces Marc Grossman, who took the job after Richard Holbrooke died in 2010.
Dobbins raised the flag over the U.S. Embassy in Kabul when it reopened in 2001. He most recently has been serving as a director at the RAND Corporation.
Trending with Readers
On seattletimes.comMore Trending
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- Grand jury faced a tangle of eyewitness accounts


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This profile was last updated on 11/1/14 and contains information from public web pages and contributions from the ZoomInfo community.
Ms. Carman L. LapointeWrong Carman L. Lapointe?
Local Address: Nigeria
United Nations Capital Development Fund
24-50 Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive
New York, New York 10010
United States
Company Description: United Nations is created as its Charter is ratified by the five permanent members of the Security Council and the majority of other signatories, and comes into... more
Pro2014_Iteration14.239[05] SEIDXWK-48


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
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1/1 Photo of Simply Irresistible Tropical Potato Salad #SP5
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Official Contest Entry: Simply Potatoes 5Fix. This recipe for potato salad will have your taste buds begging for seconds and thirds! It is fast and simple to make. Although fast and simple to make, it will definitely satisfy your appetite! This dish is perfect for lunch, dinner. side dish, or a small dish for eating in between meals!
Units: US | Metric
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Simply Potatoes Traditional Mashed Potatoes
Every recipe, menu, tip and how-to is right here, at your service.


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Going Solo (Oboe)
$9.33 *
Catalogue No: 9781854724984
Shop Product Code: 0635772
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Usually despatched within 24 - 48 hours
Subtitle: Eleven easy pieces
Department: Wind & Brass - Oboe & Cor Anglais
Publisher: ABRSM
This product includes pieces featured in grade exams. Click on a grade to view the full syllabus.
|LCM Oboe 2011-2014
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Thank you to Dawson's staff, parents, guardians, and students for supporting Dawson Elementary School's Fall Book Fair. I hope that you all enjoy the books and gifts that you purchased. Dawson will earn 40% of the money earned at the Book Fair in Scholastic Dollars. This means that Scholastic Book Company will allow Dawson to use 40% of the money earned at the book fair to purchase new books from them. That means that Dawson will be able to add up to fifty new books for the library's collection. That is amazing. Thank you all once again for your support. I will see you in April at the Spring Buy one, Get one free Book Fair.!!
Dawson Congratulates our 2014-2015 Teacher of the Year, Ms. Andrea Dagnalan. She is the second runner-up for the District's Teacher of the Year Award. Ms. Dagnalan teaches Exceptional Children at Scotland Neck Primary School and Dawson Elementary School. She is a native of the Philippines. She received an AB Social Science/Political Science/Sociology degree from the University of the Philippines. She received a Masters of Arts Degree in Special Education from the University of Manila. She is currently engaged and has a two-year of daughter. Ms. Dagnalan, we are very proud of you, and we are delighted to have you on our staff. Please keep up the good work!!
Dawson Elementary School is located in a quiet, rural area of northeastern North Carolina on the boarder of Enfield and Scotland Neck. It currently serves 135 students has 27 employees including grade level teachers, Exceptional Children (EC) teachers, teacher assistants, a nurse, counselor, school librarian, custodian, cafeteria staff, physical education teacher, and an in-school suspension coordinator. The current building was built between 1957 and 1961 near the same area were the second Dawson Elementary was built. However, the first Dawson Elementary School was built in 1910 and was an old wooden building known as the Masonic Lodge. Sometimes Cedar Creek Baptist Church (still located next to the school) was used as a classroom in Dawson's early days. The second Dawson Elementary School was built in 1940 and was made of cinder blocks. Today, Dawson Elementary School is built of bricks, and still stands to serve and educate.
Here is a list of Dawson's principals from 1910 until the present: Mr. Steptoe, Mrs. Malissa Smith (Addie's principal as a child), Mr. Patterson, Mr. Mcgacheah, Mr. C. Carraway, Mr. Dandee Clark, Mrs. Cooke, Mr. R.L. Solomon, Mr. Ronald Hayste, Mrs. Arjonah Balmer, Ms. Archibald, Ms. Arrington, and Mrs. Aimee Richardson. (As Addie and I conduct further research on the principals, names will be added if there are any, and the order will be corrected).
The history of Dawson was provided by Mrs. Addie Clark Bobbitt Draughan (pictured above) who was born and raised a stone's throw away from Dawson in a house that still stands. She is a local historian and author. She has written and published several novels as well as several books of poetry. Mrs. Addie, born March 10, 1922, is a long time member of Cedar Creek Baptist Church and graduated from Dawson's seventh grade class in 1939. Afterwards she attended grades 8-11 at the Franklin Center at Bricks in Whitakers, NC. Lastly, she graduated from Brawley High school. We are very grateful to Mrs. Addie for provided information about Dawson elementary School's history that few are alive to tell about. Thank you, Mrs. Addie, and you are invited to Dawson anytime!
Dawson's Operational Hours are from 7:30am until 4:00pm.
6878 Old 125 Road, Scotland Neck NC 27874 | Phone 252.826.4905 | Fax 252.826.5155
Site Powered by: SharpSchool © 2004-2014 Education Web Hosting & Content Management Solutions


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What It's Like to: Take Mac Wood's Dune Rides
See what it's like to climb the Silver Lake Dunes along the Western Michigan shore.
Mon, 31 Mar 2014|
This Week's Top Videos Natural Fall Wreath for Your Front Door Getting A New Baby To Sleep Through The Night Sleep Secret Found in the Nursery Getting Baby #3 To Sleep 3 Tips for Your Fall Front Door Display On a Diet? 3 Healthier Breakfast Foods 3 Healthy Low-Cal Lunch Ideas How to Freeze Hearty Slow Cooker Chili Soup


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|By PR Newswire
Article Rating:
|November 8, 2012 11:59 AM EST
SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 8, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Twilio (http://www.twilio.com), the market leader in cloud communications, today announced a partnership with Parse (https://www.parse.com), the leading mobile app platform, to make Twilio's voice and messaging APIs easily available to users of Parse's Cloud Code with the launch of Twilio Cloud Module.
The Twilio Cloud Module is the first of many Parse integrations that are upcoming. These modules will make it easier than ever before to develop mobile applications that integrate with many third party services.
For developers whose apps require features such as interactive voice response, mobile app distribution via SMS, call automation or two-factor authentication, Twilio's simple REST API delivers a flexible, scalable and reliable way to access global telecommunications networks.
"We've always loved Twilio and folks at Parse have used it for many projects in the past so I'm incredibly excited about this partnership." said Ilya Sukhar, CEO and co-founder of Parse. "It's just such a natural fit. Many mobile apps need telephony features, especially SMS. Our new Cloud Module makes it dead simple to hook up your mobile app to Twilio without having to maintain any intermediary servers at all. Sending an SMS is literally one line of code. Together we're working to revolutionize application development and I'm excited to see what it enables our mutual customers to do in the future!"
"Parse is an excellent platform for developers," said Twilio CEO Jeff Lawson. "With Twilio Cloud Module, developers can bring their voice and SMS apps to market and scale their businesses faster than ever--we can't wait to see what Parse developers build with Twilio."
Additional information can be found at https://www.parse.com/docs/cloud_modules_guide
About Parse
Parse (www.parse.com) is the mobile app development platform for iOS, Android, JavaScript, and Windows 8. Parse allows your team to focus more on creating a great user experience and less on server maintenance and complex infrastructure. We offer push notifications, social integration, data storage, and Cloud Code which lets you add rich custom logic to your app's backend.
With Parse, you can add a scalable and powerful backend in minutes and launch your app in record time without ever worrying about server management.
About Twilio
Twilio (www.twilio.com), the cloud communications company, is reinventing telecom by merging the worlds of cloud computing, web services and telecommunications. Twilio provides a telephony infrastructure web service in the cloud, allowing web developers to integrate phone calls, text messages and IP voice communications into their web, mobile and traditional phone applications. The company is privately held and is headquartered in San Francisco, California.
SOURCE Twilio
Cultural, regulatory, environmental, political and economic (CREPE) conditions over the past decade are creating cross-industry solution spaces that require processes and technologies from both the Internet of Things (IoT), and Data Management and Analytics (DMA). These solution spaces are evolving into Sensor Analytics Ecosystems (SAE) that represent significant new opportunities for organizations of all types. Public Utilities throughout the world, providing electricity, natural gas and water, are pursuing SmartGrid initiatives that represent one of the more mature examples of SAE. We have s...
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 PM EST Reads: 1,207
The security devil is always in the details of the attack: the ones you've endured, the ones you prepare yourself to fend off, and the ones that, you fear, will catch you completely unaware and defenseless. The Internet of Things (IoT) is nothing if not an endless proliferation of details. It's the vision of a world in which continuous Internet connectivity and addressability is embedded into a growing range of human artifacts, into the natural world, and even into our smartphones, appliances, and physical persons. In the IoT vision, every new "thing" - sensor, actuator, data source, data con...
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 PM EST Reads: 1,592
The Internet of Things is tied together with a thin strand that is known as time. Coincidentally, at the core of nearly all data analytics is a timestamp. When working with time series data there are a few core principles that everyone should consider, especially across datasets where time is the common boundary. In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, Jim Scott, Director of Enterprise Strategy & Architecture at MapR Technologies, discussed single-value, geo-spatial, and log time series data. By focusing on enterprise applications and the data center, he will use OpenTSDB as an example t...
Nov. 27, 2014 03:00 PM EST Reads: 1,421
How do APIs and IoT relate? The answer is not as simple as merely adding an API on top of a dumb device, but rather about understanding the architectural patterns for implementing an IoT fabric. There are typically two or three trends: Exposing the device to a management framework Exposing that management framework to a business centric logic Exposing that business layer and data to end users. This last trend is the IoT stack, which involves a new shift in the separation of what stuff happens, where data lives and where the interface lies. For instance, it's a mix of architectural styles ...
Nov. 27, 2014 03:00 PM EST Reads: 1,236
The 3rd International Internet of @ThingsExpo, co-located with the 16th International Cloud Expo - to be held June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY - announces that its Call for Papers is now open. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the biggest idea since the creation of the Worldwide Web more than 20 years ago.
Nov. 27, 2014 03:00 PM EST Reads: 862
An entirely new security model is needed for the Internet of Things, or is it? Can we save some old and tested controls for this new and different environment? In his session at @ThingsExpo, New York's at the Javits Center, Davi Ottenheimer, EMC Senior Director of Trust, reviewed hands-on lessons with IoT devices and reveal a new risk balance you might not expect. Davi Ottenheimer, EMC Senior Director of Trust, has more than nineteen years' experience managing global security operations and assessments, including a decade of leading incident response and digital forensics. He is co-author of t...
Nov. 27, 2014 01:00 PM EST Reads: 1,619
The Internet of Things will greatly expand the opportunities for data collection and new business models driven off of that data. In her session at @ThingsExpo, Esmeralda Swartz, CMO of MetraTech, discussed how for this to be effective you not only need to have infrastructure and operational models capable of utilizing this new phenomenon, but increasingly service providers will need to convince a skeptical public to participate. Get ready to show them the money!
Nov. 27, 2014 11:00 AM EST Reads: 1,229
The Internet of Things will put IT to its ultimate test by creating infinite new opportunities to digitize products and services, generate and analyze new data to improve customer satisfaction, and discover new ways to gain a competitive advantage across nearly every industry. In order to help corporate business units to capitalize on the rapidly evolving IoT opportunities, IT must stand up to a new set of challenges. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Jeff Kaplan, Managing Director of THINKstrategies, will examine why IT must finally fulfill its role in support of its SBUs or face a new round of...
Nov. 27, 2014 10:00 AM EST Reads: 1,188
One of the biggest challenges when developing connected devices is identifying user value and delivering it through successful user experiences. In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, Mike Kuniavsky, Principal Scientist, Innovation Services at PARC, described an IoT-specific approach to user experience design that combines approaches from interaction design, industrial design and service design to create experiences that go beyond simple connected gadgets to create lasting, multi-device experiences grounded in people's real needs and desires.
Nov. 27, 2014 08:00 AM EST Reads: 1,182
Enthusiasm for the Internet of Things has reached an all-time high. In 2013 alone, venture capitalists spent more than $1 billion dollars investing in the IoT space. With "smart" appliances and devices, IoT covers wearable smart devices, cloud services to hardware companies. Nest, a Google company, detects temperatures inside homes and automatically adjusts it by tracking its user's habit. These technologies are quickly developing and with it come challenges such as bridging infrastructure gaps, abiding by privacy concerns and making the concept a reality. These challenges can't be addressed w...
Nov. 27, 2014 07:45 AM EST Reads: 1,479
The Domain Name Service (DNS) is one of the most important components in networking infrastructure, enabling users and services to access applications by translating URLs (names) into IP addresses (numbers). Because every icon and URL and all embedded content on a website requires a DNS lookup loading complex sites necessitates hundreds of DNS queries. In addition, as more internet-enabled 'Things' get connected, people will rely on DNS to name and find their fridges, toasters and toilets. According to a recent IDG Research Services Survey this rate of traffic will only grow. What's driving t...
Nov. 27, 2014 07:00 AM EST Reads: 1,454
Scott Jenson leads a project called The Physical Web within the Chrome team at Google. Project members are working to take the scalability and openness of the web and use it to talk to the exponentially exploding range of smart devices. Nearly every company today working on the IoT comes up with the same basic solution: use my server and you'll be fine. But if we really believe there will be trillions of these devices, that just can't scale. We need a system that is open a scalable and by using the URL as a basic building block, we open this up and get the same resilience that the web enjoys.
Nov. 27, 2014 06:45 AM EST Reads: 1,345
Connected devices and the Internet of Things are getting significant momentum in 2014. In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, Jim Hunter, Chief Scientist & Technology Evangelist at Greenwave Systems, examined three key elements that together will drive mass adoption of the IoT before the end of 2015. The first element is the recent advent of robust open source protocols (like AllJoyn and WebRTC) that facilitate M2M communication. The second is broad availability of flexible, cost-effective storage designed to handle the massive surge in back-end data in a world where timely analytics is e...
Nov. 27, 2014 06:45 AM EST Reads: 1,287
We are reaching the end of the beginning with WebRTC, and real systems using this technology have begun to appear. One challenge that faces every WebRTC deployment (in some form or another) is identity management. For example, if you have an existing service – possibly built on a variety of different PaaS/SaaS offerings – and you want to add real-time communications you are faced with a challenge relating to user management, authentication, authorization, and validation. Service providers will want to use their existing identities, but these will have credentials already that are (hopefully) i...
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 AM EST Reads: 1,184
"Matrix is an ambitious open standard and implementation that's set up to break down the fragmentation problems that exist in IP messaging and VoIP communication," explained John Woolf, Technical Evangelist at Matrix, in this SYS-CON.tv interview at @ThingsExpo, held Nov 4–6, 2014, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA.
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 AM EST Reads: 1,127
P2P RTC will impact the landscape of communications, shifting from traditional telephony style communications models to OTT (Over-The-Top) cloud assisted & PaaS (Platform as a Service) communication services. The P2P shift will impact many areas of our lives, from mobile communication, human interactive web services, RTC and telephony infrastructure, user federation, security and privacy implications, business costs, and scalability. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Robin Raymond, Chief Architect at Hookflash, will walk through the shifting landscape of traditional telephone and voice services ...
Nov. 26, 2014 02:00 PM EST Reads: 1,583
Explosive growth in connected devices. Enormous amounts of data for collection and analysis. Critical use of data for split-second decision making and actionable information. All three are factors in making the Internet of Things a reality. Yet, any one factor would have an IT organization pondering its infrastructure strategy. How should your organization enhance its IT framework to enable an Internet of Things implementation? In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, James Kirkland, Chief Architect for the Internet of Things and Intelligent Systems at Red Hat, described how to revolutioniz...
Nov. 24, 2014 07:00 PM EST Reads: 1,701
Bit6 today issued a challenge to the technology community implementing Web Real Time Communication (WebRTC). To leap beyond WebRTC's significant limitations and fully leverage its underlying value to accelerate innovation, application developers need to consider the entire communications ecosystem.
Nov. 24, 2014 12:00 PM EST Reads: 1,597
The definition of IoT is not new, in fact it's been around for over a decade. What has changed is the public's awareness that the technology we use on a daily basis has caught up on the vision of an always on, always connected world. If you look into the details of what comprises the IoT, you'll see that it includes everything from cloud computing, Big Data analytics, "Things," Web communication, applications, network, storage, etc. It is essentially including everything connected online from hardware to software, or as we like to say, it's an Internet of many different things. The difference ...
Nov. 24, 2014 11:00 AM EST Reads: 1,719
Cloud Expo 2014 TV commercials will feature @ThingsExpo, which was launched in June, 2014 at New York City's Javits Center as the largest 'Internet of Things' event in the world.
Nov. 24, 2014 09:00 AM EST Reads: 1,749


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