text:
Methods of increasing the rate of separating hydrophobic and hydrophilic particles by flotation have been developed. They are based on using appropriate reagents to enhance the hydrophobicity of the particles to be floated, so that they can be more readily collected by the air bubbles used in flotation. The hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents include low HLB surfactants, naturally occurring lipids, modified lipids, and hydrophobic polymers. These methods can greatly increase the rate of flotation for the particles that are usually difficult to float, such as ultrafine particles, coarse particles, middlings, and the particles that do not readily float in the water containing large amounts of ions derived from the particles. In addition, new collectos for the flotation of phosphate minerals are disclosed.
1. A process of separating hydrophobic and hydrophilic particles dispersed in an aqueous slurry, the process comprising:
adding a hydrocarbon oil to increase the hydrophobicity of said hydrophobic particles;
providing at least one hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent in the aqueous slurry to further increase the hydrophobicity of said hydrophobic particles, said at least one hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent not including a hydrocarbon oil and provided in an amount equal to or less than 0.6% of the weight hydrophobic particles in said slurry;
agitating the aqueous slurry to aid said hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent in adsorbing on the surface of the hydrophobic particles, whereby the hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic particles is increased;
providing air bubbles in the aqueous slurry, whereby the hydrophobic particles collect on the surface of the air bubbles, thereby forming bubble-particle aggregates; and
allowing the bubble-particle aggregates to float to the surface of the aqueous slurry to be separated from the hydrophilic particles.
2. The process according to
3. The process according to
4. The process according to
5. The process according to
6. A process of seperating hydrophobic and hydrophilic particles dispersed in an aqueous slurry, the process comprising:
adding a hydrocarbon oil to increase the hydrophobicity of said hydrophobic particles;
providing at least one hydrophobicity enhancing reagent in the aqueous slurry to further increase the hydrophobicity of said hydrophobic particles, said hydrophobicity enhancing reagent comprising a mixture of esters;
agitating the aqueous slurry to aid said mixture of esters in adsorbing on the surface of the hydrophobic particles, whereby the hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic particles is increased;
providing air bubbles in the aqueous slurry, whereby the hydrophobic particles collect on the surface of the air bubbles, thereby forming bubble-particle aggregates; and
allowing the bubble-particle aggregates to float to the surface of the aqueous slurry to be separated from the hydrophilic particles.
7. The process according to
8. The process according to
9. A process of separating a first particulate material from a second particulate material in an aqueous slurry, the process comprising:
agitating the aqueous slurry with at least one collector to render said first particulate material hydrophobic;
agitating the aqueous slurry with at least one nonionic hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent to allow the surface of said first particulate material to become more hydrophobic;
providing air bubbles in the aqueous slurry to form bubble-particle aggregates with said first particulate material; and
allowing the bubble-particle aggregates to float to the surface of the aqueous slurry to be separated from said second particulate material,
wherein sad first particulate material is a sulfide mineral and said collector is a thiol-type hydrophobizing reagent.
In the mining industry, mined ores and coal are upgraded using appropriate separation method. They are usually crushed and/or pulverized to detach (or liberate) the valuable components from waste rocks prior to subjecting them to appropriate solid-solid separation methods. Although coal is not usually pulverized as finely as ores, a significant portion of a crushed coal is present as fines. Froth flotation is the most widely used method of separating the valuables from valueless present in the fines. In this process, the fine particles are dispersed in water and small air bubbles are introduced to the slurry, so that hydrophobic particles are selectively collected on the surface of the air bubbles and exit the slurry while hydrophilic particles are left behind.
A small dose of surfactants, known as collectors, are usually added to the aqueous slurry to render one type (or group) of particles hydrophobic, leaving others unaffected. For the case of processing high-rank coals, no collectors are necessary as the coal is naturally hydrophobic. When the coal particles are not sufficiently hydrophobic, however, hydrocarbon oils such as diesel oil or kerosene are added to enhance their hydrophobicity.
It has been shown recently that air bubbles are hydrophobic (Yoon and Aksoy, J. Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 211, pp. 1-10, 1999). It is believed, therefore, that air bubbles and hydrophobic particles are attracted to each other by hydrophobic interaction.
The floated products, which are usually the valuables, are in the form of aqueous slurry, typically in the range of 10 to 35% solids. They are dewatered frequently by filtration prior to further processing or shipping to consumers. The process of dewatering is often described by means of the Laplace equation:
in which r is the average radius of the capillaries formed in between the particles that make up a filter cake, Δp the pressure of the water inside the capillaries, γ23 the surface tension at the water(3)-air(2) interface and θ is the contact angle of the particles constituting the filter cake. The capillary water can be removed when the pressure drop applied across the cake during the process of filtration exceeds Δp. Thus, a decrease in γ23 and θ, and an increase in r should help decrease Δp and thereby facilitate the process of dewatering.
The U.S. Pat. No. 5,670,056 disclosed a method of using hydrophobizing agents that can increase the contact angle (θ) above 65� and, thereby, facilitate dewatering processes. Mono-unsaturated fatty esters, fatty esters whose hydruphile-lipophile balance (HLB) numbers are less than 10, and water-soluble polymethylhydrosiloxanes were used as hydrophobizing agents. More recently, a series of U.S. patents have been applied for to disclose the methods of using a group of nonionic surfactants with HLB numbers in the range of 1 to 15, See U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/368,945, entitled �Methods for Using Modified Natural Products as Dewatering Aids for Fine Particles, naturally occurring lipids, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/326,330, filed Jun. 7, 1999, and a U.S. patent application filed Mar. 21, 2000 and entitled, �Methods of Improving Centrifugal Filtration� by H. Yoon on modified lipids to increase θ beyond the level that can normally be achieved using flotation collectors and, hence, improve dewatering. The contents of the above three patent applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
Ever since the flotation technology was introduced to the mining industry, its practitioners have been seeking for appropriate collectors that can increase θ as much as possible without causing unwanted minerals inadvertently hydrophobic. A theoretical model developed by Mao and Yoon (International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 50, pp. 171-181, 1996) showed that an increase in θ can increase the rate at which air bubbles can collect hydrophobic particles.
From the foregoing, it should be apparent to the reader that one obvious object of the present invention is the provision of novel methods of enhancing the hydrophobicity of the particles to be floated beyond the level that can be achieved using collectors, so that the rate of bubble-particle attachment and, hence, the rate of flotation can be increased.
Another important objective of the invention is the provision of increasing the hydrophobicity difference between the particles to be floated and those that are not to be floated, so that the selectivity of the flotation process can be increased.
An additional objective of the present invention is the provision of increasing the hydrophobicity of the particles that are usually difficult to be floated such as coarse particles, ultrafine particles, oxidized particles, and the particles that are difficult to be floated in solutions containing high levels of dissolved ions.
Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel collector for the flotation of phosphate minerals that are more effective than the fatty acids that are most commonly used today.
The present invention discloses methods of increasing the rate of flotation, in which air bubbles are used to separate hydrophobic particles from hydrophilic particles. In this process, the hydrophobic particles adhere on the surface of the air bubbles and subsequently rise to the surface of the flotation pulp, while hydrophilic particles not collected by the air bubbles remain in the pulp. Since air bubbles are hydrophobic, the driving force for the bubble-particle adhesion may be the hydrophobic attraction. Therefore, one can improve the rate of bubble-particle adhesion and, hence, the rate of flotation by increasing the hydrophobicity of the particles to be floated.
In conventional flotation processes, appropriate collectors (mostly surfactants) are used to render selected particles hydrophobic. The collector molecules adsorb on the surface of the particles with their polar groups serving effectively as �anchors�, leaving the hydrocarbon tails (or hydrophobes) exposed to the aqueous phase. Since the hydrocarbon tails are hydrophobic, the collector-coated surfaces acquire hydrophobicity, which is a prerequisite for flotation. In general, the higher the packing density of the hydrophobes on a surface, the stronger the surface hydrophobicity.
A conventional measure of hydrophobicity is water contact angle (θ). Thermodynamically, the higher the contact angle, the more favorable the flotation becomes. Therefore, there is a need to increase the hydrophobicity as much as possible. Unfortunately, collector coatings do not often result in the formation of close-packed monolayers of hydrophobes. The polar groups of collector molecules can adsorb only on certain sites of the surface of a particle, while the site density does not usually allow formation of close-packed monolayers of hydrophobes.
It has been found in the present invention that certain groups of reagents can be used in addition to collectors to further increase the packing density of hydrophobes and, thereby, enhance the hydrophobicity of the particles to be floated. Four groups of reagents have been identified. These include nonionic surfactants of low HLB numbers, naturally occurring lipids, modified lipids, and hydrophobic polymers. These reagents, having no highly polar groups in their molecules, can adsorb in between the hydrocarbon chains of the collector molecules adsorbed on the surface of particles. Most of the hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents used in the present invention are insoluble in water, in which case appropriate solvents may be used to carry the reagents and spread them on the surface. However, some of the reagents may be used directly without solvents.
The solvents for the hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents may include but not limited to short-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, light hydrocarbon oils, glycols, glycol ethers, ketones, short-chain alcohols, ethers, petroleum ethers, petroleum distillates, naphtha, glycerols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, and polar aprotic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimetyl formamide, and N-methyl pyrrolidone. The amounts of solvents required vary depending on the type of hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents and the type of solvents used.
In the flotation industry, different types of collectors are used for different minerals. For the flotation of sulfide minerals, thiol-type collectors are used. For the flotation of oxide minerals, high HLB surfactants are used. For the flotation of naturally hydrophobic coal and minerals, hydrocarbon oils such as fuel oils are used. The hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents disclosed in the present invention can be used for any type of minerals, because these reagents interact primarily with the hydrocarbon chains of the collector molecules adsorbed on the surface.
The benefits of using the hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents can be seen with all types of particles present in a flotation cell. However, the most significant improvements can be obtained with the particles that are either too small or too large to be floated. For the case of minerals, it is difficult to float particles smaller than 0.01 mm and larger than 0.15 mm. The novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents are also useful for the flotation of minerals that have become considerably hydrophilic due to oxidation.
In the phosphate minerals industry, fatty acids are commonly used as collectors. However, their efficiency deteriorates when the plant water contains high levels of phosphate ions. This problem can be readily overcome by using the novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents disclosed in the present invention in addition to a small amount of fatty acids. It has been found also that phosphate esters can be used as standalone collectors for phosphate minerals. These new collectors are effective in solutions containing high levels of dissolved phosphate ions.
FIG. 1 is a graph of the flotation kinetics test for example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the grade vs. recovery curves for example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph of grade vs. recovery curves for example 2.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the flotation kinetics test for example 2.
The process of air bubbles collecting hydrophobic particles is the most elementary and essential step in flotation. The free energy changes associated with this process can be given by the following relationship:
in which γ12 is the surface free energy at the solid-air interface, γ13 the surface free energy at the solid-water interface, and γ23 has the same meaning as in Eq. [1].
In flotation research, contact angles, θ, are usually measured using the captive bubble technique. In this technique, an air bubble is brought to a hydrophobic surface so that the solid/liquid interface is displaced by the solid/air interface. In effect, the contact angle (measured through the aqueous phase) gives the extent at which the air bubble has displaced the water from the surface. According to the Young's equation, the contact angle is given by
Substituting this into Eq. [2], one obtains:
which suggests that air bubbles can collect particles during flotation if θ>0. It shows also that the higher the value of θ, the free energy of bubble-particle interaction becomes more negative. Therefore, it would be desirable to find appropriate methods of increasing θ for flotation.
It is well known that flotation is difficult when the particle size to be floated becomes too small or too large. For the case of floating minerals, the particles that are outside the 0.01 to 0.15 mm range are difficult to float. For the case of floating coal, somewhat larger particles (up to 0.25 mm) can be readily floated because their specific gravities are smaller than those of the minerals. The difficulty in floating fine particles was attributed to the low probability of collision between air bubbles and particles, while the difficulty in floating coarse particles is caused by the high probability of the particles being detached during flotation. According to Eq. [4], it would be more difficult to detach a particle if θ can be increased by appropriate means. Thus, increase in contact angle should decrease the probability of detachment and, hence, promote the floatability of coarse particles. It is also well known that fine particles coagulate with each other in aqueous media when they are hydrophobic (U.S. Pat. No. 5,161,694) and form large coagula. Therefore, increase in hydrophobicity should help minimize the difficulty in floating fine particles.
In the present invention, novel reagents are used to enhance the hydrophobicity of the particles that are naturally hydrophobic or have been hydrophobized using a collector, combinations of collectors, or combinations of collectors and frothers. The novel hydrophobicity enhancing reagents include nonionic surfactants of low HLB numbers, naturally occurring lipids, modified lipids, and hydrophobic polymers. The use of these reagents will result in an increase in the contact angles (θ) of the particles to be floated so that their flotation rate is increased. The beneficial effects of using these reagents are particularly pronounced with the minerals and coal that are difficult to float, i.e., fine particles, coarse particles, oxidized particles, and middlings particles containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic grains.
The collectors that are used to hydrophobize minerals are usually surfactants. They adsorb on the surface of a mineral with their polar head groups in contact with the surface and their hydrocarbon tails pointing toward the aqueous phase. As a result, the collector adsorption produces a coating of hydrocarbon tails (or hydrophobes) and thereby renders the surface hydrophobic. The more closely packed the hydrocarbon tails are, the more hydrophobic the surface of the mineral would become. However, the population of the surface sites on which the collector molecules can adsorb is usually well below what is needed to form a close-packed monolayer of the hydrophobes. The hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents used in the present invention are designed to adsorb in between the spaces created between the hydrocarbon tails of the collector molecules adsorbed or adsorbing on the surface. This will allow the mineral surface to be more fully covered by hydrophobes. It has been shown that the magnitudes of the attractive hydrophobic forces increase sharply when close-packed layers of hydrocarbon tails are formed on a mineral surface (Yoon and Ravishankar, J. Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 179, p. 391, 1996).
The first group of the hydrophobicity enhancing surfactants are the nonionic surfactants whose HLB numbers are below approximately 15. These include fatty acids, fatty esters, phosphate esters, hydrophobic polymers, ethers, glycol derivatives, sarcosine derivatives, silicon-based surfactants and polymers, sorbitan derivatives, sucrose and glucose esters and derivatives, lanolin-based derivatives, glycerol esters, ethoxylated fatty esters, ethoxylated amines and amnides, ethoxylated linear alcohols, ethoxylated tryglycerides, ethoylated vegetable oils, ethoxylated fatty acids, etc.
The second group of hydrophobicity enhancing reagents are the naturally occurring lipids. These are naturally occurring organic molecules that can be isolated from plant and animal cells (and tissues) by extraction with nonpolar organic solvents. Large parts of the molecules are hydrocarbons (or hydrophobes); therefore, they are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ether, chloroform, benzene, or an alkane. Thus, the definition of lipids is based on the physical property (i.e., hydrophobicity and solubility) rather than by structure or chemical composition. Lipids include a wide variety of molecules of different structures, i.e., triacylglycerols, steroids, waxes, phospholipids, sphingolipids, terpenes, and carboxylic acids. They can be found in various vegetable oils (e.g., soybean oil, peanut oil, olive oil, linseed oil, sesame oil), fish oils, butter, and animal oils (e.g., lard and tallow). Although fats and oils appear different, that is, the former are solids and the latter are liquids at room temperature, their structures are closely related. Chemically, both are triacylglycerols; that is, triesters of glycerol with three long-chain carboxylic acids. They can be readily hydrolyzed to fatty acids. Corn oil, for example, can be hydrolyzed to obtain mixtures of fatty acids, which consists of 35% oleic acid, 45% linoleic acid and 10% palmitic acid. The hydrolysis products of olive oil, on the other hand, consist of 80% oleic acid. Waxes can also be hydrolyzed, while steroids cannot. Vegetable fats and oils are usually produced by expression and solvent extraction or a combination of the two. Pentane is widely used for solvent, and is capable of extracting 98% of soybean oil. Some of the impurities present in crude oil, such as free fatty acids and phospholipids, are removed from crude vegetable oils by alkali refining and precipitation. Animal oils are produced usually by rendering fats.
The triacylglycerols present in the naturally occurring lipids may be considered to be large surfactant molecules with three hydrocarbon tails, which may be too large to be adsorbed in between the hydrocarbon tails of the collector molecules adsorbed or adsorbing on the surface of a mineral. Therefore, the third group of hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents is the naturally occurring lipid molecules that have been broken by using one of several different molecular restructuring processes. In one method, the triacylglycerols are subjected to transesterification reactions to produce monoesters. Typically, an animal fat or oil is mixed with an alcohol and agitated in the presence of a catalyst usually H+ or OH− ions. If methanol is used, for example, in stoichiometric excess, the reaction products will include methyl fatty esters of different chain lengths and structures and glycerol. The reactions can be carried out at room temperature; however, the reactions may be carried out at elevated temperature in the range of 40 to 80� C. to expedite the reaction rate.
In another method of molecular modification, triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed to form fatty acids. They can be hydrolyzed in the presence of H+ or OH− ions. In the case of using the OH− ions as catalyst, the fatty acid soaps formed by the saponification reactions are converted to fatty acids by adding an appropriate acid. The fatty acid soaps are high HLB surfactants and, therefore, are not suitable as hydrophobicity enhancing agents.
In still another method, triacylglycerols are reacted with glycerol to produce a mixture of esters containing one or two acyl groups. This reaction is referred to as interesterification.
Other methods of molecular modification would be to convert triacylglycerols to amides by reacting them with primary and secondary amines, or to thio-esters by reacting them with thiols in the presence of acid or base catalysts.
The process of breaking and modifying the lipid molecules are simple and, hence, do not incur high costs. Furthermore, the reaction products may be used without further purification, which contributes further to reducing the reagent costs.
The acyl groups of the naturally occurring lipids contain even number of hydrocarbons between 12 and 20, and may be either saturated or unsaturated. The unsaturated acyl groups usually have cis geometry, which is not conducive to forming close-packed monolayers of hydrocarbons. Some of the lipids have higher degrees of unsaturation than others. Therefore, it is desirable to either use the lipids containing lower degree of unsaturation as they occur in nature, or use the lipids containing higher degree of unsaturation after hydrogenation. The hydrogenation can decrease the degree of unsaturation of the acyl groups. This technique can be applied to naturally occurring lipids, or after breaking the triacylglycerols present in the naturally occurring lipids to smaller molecules using the methods described above.
The fourth group of hydrophobicity enhancing reagents are the hydrophobic polymers such as polymethylhydrosiloxanes, polysilanes, polyethylene derivatives, and hydrocarbon polymers generated by both ring-opening metathesis and methalocene catalyzed polymerization.
Many of the hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents disclosed in the present invention are not readily soluble in water. Therefore, they may be used in conjunction with appropriate solvents, which include but not limited to light hydrocarbon oils, petroleum ethers, short-chain alcohols short-chain alcohols whose carbon atom numbers are less than eight, and any other reagents, that can readily dissolve or disperse the reagents in aqueous media. The light hydrocarbon oils include diesel oil, kerosene, gasoline, petroleum distillate, turpentine, naphtanic oils, etc. Typically, one part by volume of a lipid, which may be termed as active ingredient(s), is dissolved in 0.1 to two parts of a solvent before use. The amount of the solvents required depends on the solvation power of the solvents used. In some cases, more than one type of solvents may be used to be more effective or more economical. Some of the hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents may be used without solvents.
The third group of hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents used in the present invention are smaller in molecular size than the naturally occurring lipids. Therefore, they are more conducive to creating close-packed monolayers of hydrophobes and, hence, to increasing contact angles. Also, any of the reagents disclosed in the present invention becomes more effective when the hydrocarbon tails are mostly saturated either naturally or via hydrogenation.
The novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents disclosed in the present invention were tested in both laboratory and full-scale flotation tests. In a given laboratory test, an ore pulp was conditioned with a conventional collector to render the surface of the particles to be floated moderately hydrophobic. The ore pulp was conditioned again with a hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent to increase the hydrophobicity. After adding a frother, air was introduced to the ore pulp, so that air bubbles collect the strongly hydrophobic particles, rose to the surface of the pulp, and form a froth phase. The froth was removed into a pail, filtered, dried, weighed, and analyzed. In some cases, the froth product was repulped and subjected to another stage of flotation test. The first flotation step is referred to as rougher, and the second flotation step as cleaner. For the case of in-plant test, a hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent was added to a conditioning tank. The conditioned slurry was then pumped to a bank of flotation cell. Representative amounts of the froth product and the tail were taken and analyzed.
A porphyry-type copper ore from Chuquicamata mine, Chile, (assaying about 1% Cu), was subjected to a set of three flotation tests. In each test, approximately 1 kg of the ore sample was wet-ground in a laboratory ball mill at 66% solids. Lime and diesel oil (5 g/t) was added to the mill. In the control test, the mill discharge was transferred to a Denver laboratory flotation cell, and conditioned with 5 g/ton of a conventional thiol-type collector (Shellfloat 758) for 1 minutes at pH 10.5. Flotation test was conducted for 5 minutes with 20 g/t methylisobutyl carbinol (MIBC) as a frother. Froth products were collected for the first 1, 2, and 5 minutes of flotation time, and analyzed separately to obtain kinetic information.
The next two tests were conducted using polymethyl hydrosiloxane (PMHS) in addition to the thiol-type collector. This reagent is a water-soluble hydrophobic polymer, whose role was to enhance the hydrophobicity of the mineral to be floated (chalcopyrite) beyond the level that could be attained with Shellfloat 758 alone. The hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent was added after the 1 minute conditioning time with the Shellfloat, and conditioned for another 2 minutes. In one test, 10 g/t PMHS was used, while in another 20 g/t PMHS was used.
The results of the flotation kinetics tests are given in FIG. 1, in which the solid lines represent the changes in recovery with time and the dotted lines show the changes in grade. Note that the use of PMHS substantially increased the initial slopes of the recovery vs. time curves, which indicated that the use of the novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent increased the kinetics of flotation. The improved kinetics was responsible for the substantial increase in copper recovery obtained using PMHS. The increase in recovery caused a decrease in grade. However, the decrease in grade was far outweighed by the substantial increase in recovery, which can be seen more clearly in the grade vs. recovery curves shown in FIG. 2.
Another porphyry-type copper ore was tested using PMHS as a hydrophobicity-enhancing agent. The ore sample was from El Teniente Mine, Chile, and assayed 1.1% Cu. In each test, approximately 1 kg of the ore sample was wet-ground for 9 minutes with lime and diesel oil (15 g/t). The mill discharge was conditioned in a Denver laboratory flotation cell for 1 minute with Shellfloat 758 at pH 11. Flotation tests were conducted for 5 minutes using 20 g/t of MIBC as frother. The froth products were collected for the first 1, 2, and 5 minutes of flotation time, and analyzed separately to obtain kinetic information.
Two sets of tests were conducted with the El Teniente ore samples. In the first set, three flotation tests were conducted using 21 g/t Shellfloat 758. One test was conducted without using any hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent. In another, 15 g/t of sodium isopropyl xanthate (IPX) was used in addition to the Shellfloat (SF). In still another, 7.5 g/t of PMIHS was used as a hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent. The results are plotted in FIG. 3, which show that the IPX addition actually caused a decrease in recovery, while the PMHS addition caused a substantial increase. In this figure, the numbers in the legend refer to reagent additions in grams per tonne (g/t).
In the second set, three flotation tests were conducted with 10.5 g/t Shellfloat 758 and 7.5 g/t of diesel oil. The latter was added to the mill. The tests were conducted using 0, 15 and 60 g/t PMHS to enhance the hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite. The recovery vs. time curves (solid lines), given in FIG. 4, show that the flotation rate increased in the presence of the novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent. It is interesting that both the recovery (solid lines) and grade (dotted lines) were increased. As a result, the recovery vs. grade curves shifted substantially as shown in FIG. 3.
Laboratory flotation tests were conducted on a copper ore sample from Aitik Concentrator, Boliden AB, Sweden. Representative samples were taken from a classifier overflow, and floated in a Denver laboratory flotation cell. In each test, approximately 1 kg sample was conditioned for 2 minutes with 3 g/t potassium amyl xanthate (KAX), and floated for 3 minutes. The tails from the rougher flotation was reconditioned for 3 minutes with 3.5 g/t of KAX, and floated for another 4 minutes. A total of 30 g/t MIBC was used during the rougher and scavenger flotation. The rougher and scavenger concentrates were combined and analyzed. During conditioning, the pH was adjusted to 10.8 by lime addition.
In another test, flotation test was conducted using an esterified lard oil as a hydrophobicity-enhancing agent. It was used in addition to all of the reagents used in the control tests. The novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent was added in the amount of 7.5 g/t to the slurry after the 2 minutes of conditioning time with KAX, and conditioned for another 2 minutes.
The esterified lard oil was prepared by heating a mixture of ethanol and lard oil at approximately 60� C. while being agitated slowly. A small amount of acetic acid was used as a catalyst. The reaction product was used without purification, which should help reduce the costs of the reagents.
As shown in Table 1, the use of the hydrophobicity-enhancing agent increased the copper recovery by 2.9%, which is significant. It should be noted here that in the presence of the esterified lard oil, most of the chalcopyrite floated during the rougher flotation, and very little floated during the scavenger flotation. This observation indicated that the use of the novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent substantially increased the kinetics of flotation. In principle, an increase in flotation rate should result in either increased recovery or increased throughput.
An oxidized coal sample (3 mm x 0) from West Virginia was subjected to flotation tests using kerosene, polymethyl hydrosiloxane, and esterified lard oil. Since coal is inherently hydrophobic, all of these reagents should adsorb on the surface and enhance its hydrophobicity. The results of the flotation tests given in Table 2 show that both PMHS and esterified lard oil gave substantially higher recoveries than kerosene. At 0.6 kg/t, the latter gave 54% combustible recovery, while the former oil gave 78.2 and 93.1% recoveries, respectively.
An ultrafine bituminous (325 mesh x 0) coal is being processed at a coal preparation plant in West Virginia. The recovery was low because of the fine particle size. Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) was tested as a hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent in full-scale operation, and the results were compared with those obtained using kerosene as collector. As shown in Table 3, kerosene gave 35% recovery, while Span 80 gave 66.8% recovery. The ash content in clean coal increased considerably, most probably because the novel hydrophobivcity-enhancing reagent increased the rate of flotation for both free coal and middlings particles. In this example, Span 80 was used as a 1:2 mixture with diesel oil. The reagent dosage given in the table includes both. In order to see the effect of the diesel oil used in conjunction with the novel hydrophobizing agent, another test was conducted using 0.33 kg/t of diesel oil alone. The results were substantially inferior to those obtained using Span 80.
Fatty acids are commonly used as collectors for the beneficiation of phosphate ores. However, companies face problems when phosphate ions build up in plant water. Apparently, the phosphate ions compete with the oleate ions for the adsorption sites on the mineral surface, causing a decrease in hydrophobicity. A solution to this problem would be to treat the plant water to remove the phosphate ions, which may be a costly exercise. A better solution may be to use hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents to compensate the low hydrophobicity created by fatty acids.
In this example, a phosphate ore sample from eastern U.S. was floated using two different hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents, i.e., tridecyl-dihydrogen phosphate (TDP) and soybean oil. The samples were conducted with 0.125 kg/t Tall oil fatty acid and varying amounts of TDP and soybean oil. The flotation tests were conducted for 2 minutes in mill water containing a high level of phosphate ions. The novel hydrophobicity-enhancing reagents were used as 1:2 mixtures with fuel oil. The test results are given in Table 4, where the reagent dosages include the amounts of the diesel oil. Also shown in this table are the results obtained using the fatty acid alone as a 0.6:1 mixture with the fatty acid. As shown, both TDC and soybean oil increased the recovery by approximately 10%. The low recovery obtained with the fatty acid may be attributed to the phosphate ions present in the mill water. The results given in Table 4 demonstrate that this problem can be readily overcome using the novel hydrophobicity enhancing agents developed in the present invention.
In Examples 6, tridecyl-dihydrogen phosphate was used in conjunction with fatty acid, where the latter renders the mineral moderately hydrophobic and the former enhances the hydrophobicity. It was found, however, that TDP could be used as a standalone collector. Table 4 compares the flotation results obtained with the same phosphate ore used in Example 6 using tap water and plant water. It shows that the phosphate ester is an excellent phosphate mineral collector, which works well independently of water chemistry.
In many coal preparation plants, coarse coal larger than 2 mm in size is cleaned by dense-medium separators, the medium size coal in the range of 0.15 to 2 mm or 0.5 to 2 mm is cleaned by spirals, and fine coal smaller than 0.15 mm or 0.5 mm is cleaned by flotation. The spirals are used because the conventional flotation methods have difficulty in recovering particles larger than 0.5 mm.
In this example, an esterified lard oil was used as a collector for the flotation of a 2 mm x 0 coal (anthracite) sample from Korea. The results, given in Table 5, show that the use of this novel flotation reagent greatly improved the coarse coal flotation. This improvement may be attributed to the likelihood that the hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent increased the strength of the bubble-particle adhesion, and thereby decreased the probability that coarse particles are detached during flotation.
A 2 mm x 0 Pittsburgh coal sample was subjected a flotation test, in which 0.5 kg/t PMHS was used as a hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent. The reagent was used in butanol solutions; however, it also works without the solvent. A Denver laboratory flotation machine was used at 1,400 r.p.m. with 150 g/t MIBC. The pulp density was 12.5%, and 3 minutes of conditioning time and 2 minutes of flotation time were employed. The results are given in Table 6, which also gives the results obtained with 0.5 kg/t kerosene. All other conditions were the same as with PMHS except that only 2 minutes of flotation time was employed. As shown, PMHS gave a substantially higher recovery, demonstrating that the use of a hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent disclosed in the present invention is useful for floating coarse particles.
The coarse kaolin clay mined in middle Georgia contains colored impurities anatase (TiO2) and iron oxide. The former is removed by flotation, and the latter is chemically leached in sulfuric acid in the presence of sodium hydrosulfite. However, the removal of anatase from the east Georgia clay is a challenge, as 90% of the particles are finer than 2 μm. In the present example, an east Georgia clay containing 3% TiO2 was blunged with 4 kg/t sodium silicate and 1.5 kg/t ammonium hydroxide in a kitchen blender. The clay slip was then conditioned with different amounts of Aero 6793 (alkyl hydroxamate) and floated at 25% solids. The results are given in Table 7. The best results were obtained with 1 kg/t Aero 6973 and 0.5 kg/t PMHS, which show that the use of a hydrophobicity-enhancing reagent is useful for increasing the kinetics of flotation of ultrafine particles. A small amount of butanol was used as solvent for PMHS.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text: Eric Ries - Startup Lessons Learned Your Guide to the Complete Lean Startup Conference Program Guest post by Lisa Regan, writer for The Lean Startup Conference Eleven months in the making, the full schedule for How to Get Your Coworkers to Care About User Research Guest post by Lisa Regan, writer for The Lean Startup Conference. If you build products or services, then having empathy for your users is ... Learn Online This Fall Guest post by Lisa Regan, writer for The Lean Startup Conference. Boost your entrepreneurship skills withoutgetting out of the building this fall. With an online course ... Last Chance for Summer Sale Prices Post by Sarah Milstein & Eric Ries, co-hosts for The Lean Startup Conference At this year's Lean Startup Conference, we seek to answer ... New Call for Speakers and Top Three Reasons to Bring Your Child to The Lean Startup Conference Post by Sarah Milstein & Eric Ries, co-hosts for The Lean Startup Conference We've found more than half the speakers for The Lean Startup ... Steve Blank Impact! NYU Scales the Lean LaunchPad NYU has adopted the Lean LaunchPad® class as a standard entrepreneurship course across twelve different schools/colleges within the University. Over 1,000 students a year are learning ... Users, Payers and Multi-Sided Markets If you can't see the video click hereFiled under: 2 Minute Lessons Why Corporate Skunk Works Need to Die In the 20th century corporate skunk works® were used to develop disruptive innovation separate from the rest of the company. They were the hallmark of innovative ... How Do I Know If I Have The Right Customers? 2 Minutes to Find Out If you can't see the video click hereFiled under: 2 Minute Lessons Born Global or Die Local – Building a Regional Startup Playbook Entrepreneurship is everywhere, but everywhere isn't a level playing field. What's the playbook for your region or country to make it so? ———- Scalable startups ... The Entrepreneur's Guide to Customer Development Dave McClure Dave is now blogging at 500hats.com hi folks. I'm now blogging over at 500hats.com, using the svbtle.com platform. see you around, DMC Congrats SlideShare + LinkedIn -- Best Wishes Rashmi, Jon, & Amit :) This is a very special post for me to write, to congratulate some good friends on a job well done. I first met Rashmi many ... The Fail Factory i look kinda scruffy in this Fast Company intvw, but it's mostly on target. Blogging Hiatus i'm not doing much blogging at the moment, as you can probably tell from this site. apologies however i've been kinda busy getting 500 Startups ... Thoughts on Angel List, "Social Proof", "Spray & Pray", & The Network Effects of Large Scale Investing (ok folks, i've gotta take the kids to basketball practice in a few hours, so will try to power through this — that means limited ... Sean Ellis - Startup Marketing Growth Hacking is for Smart Marketers – Not Just Startups Startups live and die by their ability to drive customer acquisition growth. Of course many startups are doomed to failure and can't grow because they ... Growth Hackers Conference Recap and Slides Yesterday was the third time the Growth Hackers Conference was held in Silicon Valley. It's humbling to be a part of the speaker lineup ... Deconstructing PR: Advice From A Former VentureBeat Writer Guest Post By Conrad Egusa I want to begin by thanking Sean for the opportunity to write this guest article. I came across Sean's website ... Check out The Beginner's Guide to Conversion Rate Optimization FACT: Conversion Rate Optimization tops the Digital Marketing Priorities for 2013 according to the Econsultancy Report: "Quarterly Digital Intelligence Briefing: Digital Trends for 2013″ Looks ... My Future Marketing Blog Posts Focus is the most precious asset for any startup CEO. As much as I love blogging about startup marketing, it just isn't a very good ... Brant Cooper & Patrick Vlaskovits - Market by Numbers Who Cares What a Startup is? You Should. Note: This article first appeared in Xconomy during San Diego Startup Week. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, perhaps better known these days as Oxforddictionaries.com, ... Branding is for Old-School, Madison Avenue, Creative-Guru, Marketing Geniuses Non-ROI-measurable marketing sucks. Non-ROI-measureable marketing practices are a throwback to pre-Internet days, when advertising and branding were built upon a house of cards. Creative geniuses ... SofttechVC's Charles Hudson at San Diego Tech Founders San Diego Tech Founder Chris Hoover was kind enough to produce these fantastic notes on Charles Hudson's talk from April 23, 2014. Thanks, Chris! (Edited for clarity.) ... It's not the Mentors — it's the Mentor Program I'm going to go out on a limb here. I guarantee that good startup mentors exist everywhere, even in your neck of the woods. Without ... 5 Ways to be a Better Mentor Mentoring is also a more significant part of the economy today than since, perhaps, apprentorship in the craftsman age. Why? The rise of entrepreneurship ... Ash MauryaError fetching feedPatrick Vlaskovits A Note about Seth Roberts Seth Roberts has unexpectedly passed away. Others who knew him more intimately than I did, have already penned, quite eloquently, why he will be missed. ... The Engineer's Conceit In tech startups, The Engineer's Conceit is thinking that: a) you know what needs to be built b) you create value by rolling up your ... The Marketer's Conceit In tech startups, The Marketer's Conceit is thinking that: a) you only have one chance to 'make a good first impression' b) your 'brand' matters ... Lean Startup: Pivot, Persevere or Portfolio? Because the current criticism of lean startup and customer development is, for the most part, so markedly atrocious, so lacking concrete insight and usually amounts ... Why Penicillin Was A Small Idea That Saved 100 Million Lives Penicillin was discovered on September 28, 1928 by the serendipitous efforts of Scottish scientist, Alexander Fleming. Legend has it that Fleming noticed an open petri ... Andrew Chen Why messaging apps are so addictive (Guest Post) [Andrew: This guest post is written by my friend and former Palo Alto running partner, Nir Eyal. Messaging apps have been a fascinating area within mobile, ... IAC's HowAboutWe co-founder: How to Avoid Delusional Thinking in Start-up Growth Strategy (Guest Post) [Andrew: Trying to build and launch dating apps is a favorite pastime of 20-something tech entrepreneurs. However, dating products are notoriously hard to grow because ... Mobile retention benchmarks for 2014 vs 2013 show a 50% drop in D1 retention (Guest post) [Andrew: There's very little data out there on mobile, and so in the last few weeks, I've had guest posts on the % of users ... New data on push notifications show up to 40% CTRs, the best perform 4X better than the worst (Guest post) [Andrew: A few weeks ago, the folks at Kahuna released some great data showing that up to 60% of users opt-out of push notifications. Now ... Why Android desperately needs a billion dollar success story: The best new apps are all going iPhone-first Why startups are all going iPhone-first There's been a number of articles over the last year that reiterate a simple fact: The best new apps are all ... Sean Murphy Customer Interviews: How To Organize Findings Bruce La Fetra of La Fetra Consulting for a conversation on customer interviews. We compared notes on qualitative conversations versus quantitative surveys and exchanged tips ... Preventing & Managing Challenging Customer Situations Here are my notes from tonight's Professional and Technical Consultants Association (PATCA) meeting on "Handling Difficult Client Scenarios in an Agile and Effective Manner." It ... Good Content Answers Real Questions Q: How do you develop good content for blog posts and newsletters on a regular basis? One rule of thumb for sources of good content for ... Managing Sales People Q: I work at a SaaS company in the services team, we often team often finds that customers mistakenly believe that: Certain features are included ... Crafting a Value Proposition Q: I struggle with the value proposition for our product. Either I am too abstract "we offer a positive return on time invested" or too ... Venture Hacks How to be an angel investor, Part 3 This guest post is by Tyler Willis, an entrepreneur and angel investor. You can learn more about him on AngelList. For several interesting macro-economic reasons ... Designers at AngelList Must be a 1-(wo)man startup. Must code. Must write good copy. Must be passionate about solving problems for our customers, not "designing." Must fix other ... AngelList new employee reading list I do the onboarding for all new AngelList team members. Part of it is asking them to read the following (many candidates have read these ... Things we care about at AngelList We care about: Eliminating frictions so startups can change the world Connecting startups with their ideal partners, on the best terms, fast Building tools for ... How much traction do I need to raise money? How much traction do you need to raise $1M? AngelList's Ash Fontana has the answer on TechCrunch: Read the post for details and also see these ... Lean Startup Circle Google Group Re: Where can I find a list of the 25+ universities that teach the Lean Startup methodology? Thanks !!! Thats Great Work Re: [lsc] How to test hypothesis in case key resources are very expensive Hi William, thanks for replying – I apologize if my problem is kind of hard to understand, but I think you got it exactly right. ... Re: [lsc] Re: Where can I find a list of the 25+ universities that teach the Lean Startup methodology? Tore: did you ever come up with a good list of the University courses? I wanted to update http://leanstartup.pbworks.com/w/page/51233037/InnovationCourses and include anything that you–or anyone ... Re: How did you take the leap from job to startup? Petr,Thanks a lot for sharing! Outstanding job. I think I am at somewhere between 3-4. I am funding the prototype myself via online freelancers. I ... Re: [lsc] How to test hypothesis in case key resources are very expensive Hi, Christian! Interesting problem! I think I understand the broad strokes; thanks for the detailed description. On 11/25/2014 08:17 AM, Christian wrote: The real problem, ... Lean Startup Wiki - Recent Changes Sean Murphy edited Customer Interview Templates and Resources moved Garbugli contribution to bottom to match other contributor behavior Etienne Garbugli edited Customer Interview Templates and Resources http://www.skmurphy.com/blog/2011/10/19/tips-for-b2b-customer-development-interviews/16 Tips for Better B2BCustomer InterviewsbyEtienne Garbuglihttp://leanb2bbook.com/blog/16-tips-to-do-great-customer-interviews/3 Great Steps to Customer Development(Google Spreadsheet) by Ray Wuhttp://blog.raywu.co/post/42414946417/3-steps-to-great-customer-developmentThe Achilles Heel of Customer Developmentby ... Justin Wilcox edited Customer Interview Templates and Resources Added links to "Getting Customer Interviews with Cold Emails", "When are you Done Interviewing Customers?" and an "Analyzing Interview Results" section. Sean Murphy edited FrontPage fixed link for "volunteers" http://www.leanstartupcircle.com/users/team Michael Bernstein edited BusinessModelCanvas Added andvoilapp, easycanvas, and lienzo.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Upload Photo
Pets in the Snow
Got a picture of Fido frolicking in the snow? We want to see it!
LIC Class III: Sayville vs. Lawrence LIC Class I: Syosset vs. Lindenhurst Puppies from New York Bully Crew Long Island and New York City's top photos Classic and new balloons at Thanksgiving parade Recent LI fires Best bets this weekend on LI Guess who: LI celebrity yearbook pictures Long Island polar bear plunges NCAA Division II quarterfinal: LIU Post vs. Adelphi Your pet photos: Adorable dogs, cats and more Fighting for a cause


text:
Maligayang pagdating! The flag of the Phillippines has two stripes of blue and red with a white triangle on the left. Inside the triangle is a golden sun with eight rays and a five-pointed yellow star in each corner. Show your pride and display this miniature flag on a stick.
" I have bought all my necessities from Zurchers for the past couple of years. I don't have a store close to me, but their internet staff has always... "


text:
Recent Comments
- 1 week ago Helvetica Neue has about 8 different weights. I'm not sure why they didn't just choose Helvetica Neue Thin or Helvetica...
- 1 week ago Kill Bill 3 Sent from the iMore App
- 1 month ago Really looking forward to the iPad Air 2 :)
- 2 months ago Time to upgrade from the old 4S. Hope I win :) Sent from the iMore App
- 2 months ago iPhone 6 WHOOOOOP :)
- 3 months ago Bigger screen is what I'm excited about! Bring on iPhone 6! Sent from the iMore App
- 5 months ago If I use the camera app from the lockscreen I get a crash when I try to tap on the most recent photo thumbnail and have to...
- 7 months ago Connect
- 8 months ago You can also add them to your keyboard shortcuts. So for instance if you type ":)" then I've got mine to automatically have...
- 1 year ago Apple + iMore = Awesome!
- 1 year ago Absolutely love Apple's products and iMore is the best place to get all the goss on all things Apple :)
- 1 year ago Because airplay will solve all of our sharehouse's problems with movies and music and the TV :)
- 1 year ago I can fit absolutely everything I need in there! Such a nice design :)
- 1 year ago Flat Black please :) @andy_hoffman
- 1 year ago Would love a new iPad. I feel like such a dork that my parents have one and I don't even! Thanks iMore!
- Member for
- 2 years 2 months


text:
There are no items in your cart at this time.
Black Friday Sale: Save on MBT, Boots, Baggallini & more! — SHOP NOW —
Select your desired product options and we will notify you when it is back in stock.
A light and airy sandal that will keep your feet cool and comfortable all summer long. The unique multi-layered sole and Masai sensor emulates the feeling of walking on sand.
MBT Jawabu Black Nubuck Men's Sandal
Features include:
If you have any questions you can find the answers in our MBT Shoes Frequently Asked Questions section.
Wearing MBT Shoes for the first time? Watch the MBT Shoes Instructional Video
Sign up to receive new arrival, sale & special event info from us.
Note: we do not share your personal information with anyone. Period.
"Working for 40 years as an electrician, took it's toll on my ability to enjoy recreational activities. Walking is an activity that causes pain for me. Any step that is not carefully guided, causes a shock wave to travel through my titainium knees (both were replaced after I left the work force) and up to the 3 fused vertebrae in my neck. The result is instant pain that could last for day's. M.B.T, shoes, have literally changed my life !!!! I can now walk as well as anyone!!! I can even run, a short distance if I need too. Walking around the block with my grandchildren is an activity I can do again! There is no secret around my house as to why I can now enjoy all the activities being able to walk, has brought back to my life! It's the MBT's!!!! Thank you! Footwearetc. for introducing me to M.B.T. shoes!!!! The SOFT touch down I have now with each footstep is nothing less than a miricle for me! I feel like a normal person again!!, From my heart , THANK YOU, Footwearetc ,THANK YOU!"
©2014 Footwear Etc. All Rights Reserved. For any questions or assistance call 1-800-720-0572.


text:
This sutra says: Listen to the song of life. But you cannot listen to it unless you have already heard it within your own heart. Whatsoever you can see must be seen first within your own heart; otherwise you cannot see it, you cannot hear it. The basic experience must be inner. Only then can the outer be experienced.
Whatsoever we know in the outer world is nothing but a reflection or a projection. If you are filled with love, the whole of life appears to be filled with love. If you are sitting with your beloved or with your lover, the whole of existence is okay. Nothing is wrong, there is no misery. The whole of existence is filled with a deep music, because you are filled with a deep music. There is no discord within you; your heart feels a deep harmony. With your beloved or with your lover or your friend you are so one. This oneness spreads all over.
But if you are in deep agony - suffering, sad, depressed - the whole of existence seems to be depressed. It is you, not existence. Existence remains the same. The climates of your mind change. In one climate existence appears sad. In another climate existence seems to be celebrating. It is not: existence is always the same. You go on changing, and your mind goes on being projected. Existence works as a mirror, and you are mirrored in it.
But if you think that whatsoever you interpret is fact and not just a projection, you will fall into deeper and deeper illusions. If you can understand that it is not fact but a fiction of the mind - it depends on you, not on existence itself - then you can change. You can go through a mutation, an inner revolution can happen, because now it is up to you.
The world can be a chaos if you are a chaos. The world can be a cosmos if you are a cosmos. The world can be dead if you are inwardly dead; the world can be alive, abundantly alive, if you are alive within. It depends on you: you are the world. Only you exist really, nothing else. Everything else is just a mirror.
I remember an anecdote.
An emperor, a very powerful emperor, created a palace, a palace of mirrors. All around, all over the palace there were mirrors. The emperor was a very beautiful person, and he was so infatuated with his own beauty that he was never attracted in any way to anyone else. He was a Narcissus. He loved only himself and he thought that everyone else was ugly.
Finally he barred everyone else from entering his palace. He lived there alone, looking at his own face everywhere in the palace. There were mirrors everywhere, thousands and thousands of reflections of his face.
But then, by and by, he got bored, fed up. He started disliking himself, because he kept meeting himself the whole day, encountering himself. He became ill, he became very sad and very depressed. He became so dull that he was almost on the verge of death - just fed up with himself.
Then suddenly he remembered: "This palace is my own creation. I need not be here. There is no one forcing me to be here."


text:
Toronto Breast Augmentation Doctors and Reviews
Toronto Breast Augmentation cost
Average cost in US: $6,425
Average cost in Toronto: $8,475
Toronto Breast Augmentation reviews
100% of Toronto reviewers said Breast Augmentation was worth it
"One Week Pre Op!! Only 7 Days Left!..."
So it's finally only a week away! Have been getting ready by setting up a nice relaxing space with everything I need as suggested by others. I have a pretty terrible headache but no more pain meds allowed :( I currently sit at a 34A by measurement but wear a 34B triple padded bra. Thank god that's almost over. I've been looking at boobs non stop for months and think I've decided on 435cc. I... more
Was unhappy with my natural size and shape of my breast, two years ago I decided to go see a surgeon and knew right away I would stay with Dr lista the first doctor I ever went to see because I felt extremely comfortable. Two years of thinking it over and now I'm 2 days post op and even with the pain I still feel great about my decision! more
"36 Year Old 5'9" 127lbs. - 500CC -..."
Hi ladies Well if your reading reviews about breast augmentation you must be in the process of researching your doctor and trying to get an idea of recovery and what to expect post op. Well my experience with dr jugenburg was 100% positive. From the moment I called the office to book my first consult to every post op appointment. I know I made the right choice. Some background about myself.... more
"46 Year Old 1 Kid, Not Even a 32A -..."
Went for my first consult today. Really like PS Dr Eckhaus in Ontario. I am 122 lbs, not even a 32A 5'8" I went in pretty prepared. Was with him for an hour Decided on silicone, 435 cc, high profile, unders He didn't tell me sizes, just profiles. I was shocked when he said 435. I am wanting to be a C cup. With my clothes on they didn't look a whole lot bigger than my VS bombshell. I have... more
"38 Years Old, 3 Kids, Allergan..."
I am booked with Dr. Andrade for Oct. 28. I am getting the gummy bear teardrops and going over the muscle. I breastfed each child for approximately 2 years. 5 years of breastfeeding has left me with in a 34B (from a full c pre babies). I'm hoping to get back what I had before... Plus a little extra Hi ladies... I went for my pre op physical yesterday and my Dr had the results from my... more
"After Two Beautiful Boys - Toronto, ON"
My BA took place mid Aug and I'm still in the healing phase. I was given three sizes to choose from according to my height, weight and body frame. Each of the sizes Dr. Edelstein chose for me all suited my body type. Needless to say my BA looks so natural that nobody has noticed that I had any work done. My scars are fading each day and I can say I can't really see them. Dr. Edelstein is a... more
"26 Year Old AAA Grade Rib Drama..."
I've had a very hard time imaging that I'm a suitable candidate for breast implants the last 5 years. I'm 5'10 and about 120-130lbs with very little fat anywhere let alone on my chest which is spaced out significantly, with an indented sternum and my areolas are only 1.75inches above the bottom of my non existent breast line. I've got nice nips though and almost everything else lol I really... more
"1st Breast Aug. Consult Done With..."
I had my first breast augmentation consultation with a student resident in his 4th year. Consult cost was $50. He was very professional in his manner, and seemed well informed. He took my measurements, and answered all my questions, and provided information and suggestions to me. He suggested silicone gel, through the breast fold, dual plane, and in his opinion there is no need for lift (my... more
"19 Years Old, 5'7,130lbs Breast..."
I'm 19 years old, Chinese 5'7, 130lbs, 34A (fills up nicely), to 34B depending on the bra, and looking to do a breast augumentation. I've consulted with 3 plastic surgeons so far and they suggested I go 375-425cc inframammary incision under the muscle. Now I'm just concerned if I get them now, will my breasts sag faster? And will I have to keep having to maintain and keep up with the surgery... more
"19 Years Old Small A Going for 435..."
So my surgery date is slowly approaching and I am so nervous, I don't want them to be too small as I barely have boobs as is now due to lots of weight loss (used to be a full C small D) hoping for a full D or small DD. I am 5'6" and fluctuate between 125-130 lbs. I have gone with Saline implants done under the muscle and through the armpit as my doctor and I decided it was best. However, my... more
"Best Decision of my Life!!!..."
I had always been small chested growing up and decided that if my chest never grew, that someday I would have a breast augmentation. At the age of 23, having the procedure done has changed my life. I have never felt so happy. My body looks perfect, 38", 26", 38". I had gel-cohesive, high-profile, 500CC implants, sub muscular. Pre-Op: 34A/AA, Post-Op: 34DD The whole procedure from start... more
"44 Year Old Fitness Mom of 3 -..."
I never thought about BA before until I competed in my first figure show and lost what little breast tissue I had. I was always comfortable with my appearance and clothing options available to "enhance". However, after making some drastic lifestyle changes, and hitting the gym, my breasts didn't look the same. Yes they look and feel completely natural. I wanted a full upper pole and have... more
"SimplyBeautiful - Breast Fed 2kids -..."
I expect to have a nice and full bra that can fill a bikini very nicely. So far I have checked out a few drs in the Toronto area and have decided to go with Dr. Kara. I just felt most comfortable with their work- my mother had a tummy tuck, breast lift with Dr. Kara a while back, and said she was well taken care of by his nurse Christine... and the fact that when coming into his office, a... more
"600 Cc Hp SALINE and 110 Lbs! No..."
This is a long review but I tried to give as much detail as possible! :) Today is my 1st day post op and i am in so much pain! I have been taking all the pain medications on time but it still hurts! sleeping helps a lot! I have a high tolerance for pain but it hurts like crazy! Its mostly just feels tight probably because I chose to get 600 cc. What I got were 600 cc HP SALINE under the... more
"Breast Augmentation with the Right..."
I always thought about a getting breast augmentation solely for myself as I felt I was very small. Thank god for those double push up bras from Victoria secret that held me off for a few years! But I was personally unhappy with my size and decided to act upon my reoccurring thought and begin my research. I started by googling " best breast augmentation surgeons in Toronto " my first... more
"20 Years Old, BA for Mild Tuberous -..."
I first started this process about a year ago and since then have learned A LOT. My first consultation was with Dr. Jugenberg, (kim actually) because the Dr. J had a huge waiting list. Anyways, since reading his stellar reviews I went in for a consult anyway. Kim was so so so sweet, so I scheduled my next consult with the Dr himself. Needless to say I felt like he barely provided me with any... more
"35 Years Old Mother of 2 Kids -..."
I am a Mother of two children who I breast fed for at least 1 year each in addition to using the breast pump. I also had lost weight to quickly which may have also taken a toll on my body. What I was most self conscious of was my breasts. They lost their shape, firmnes and overall feminine look. I would always wear the double padded bras to give myself the illusion of the breasts, but... more
"Breast Augmentation - Toronto, ON"
I'm 6 weeks post and I can't be happier. I found Dr. Jugenburg online and took a chance to come in and consult with him. His entire team of people greeted me with such warmth and made me feel right at home from the start. Kim his lead nurse is extremely accommodating. She answered all my emails and nervous phone calls with ease and expertise. They were very open to discussing any issues, from... more
For as long as I can remember I've always wanted to have a breast augmentation but finding the right doctor was always my number one concern. When I heard about Dr. Neinstein and all the wonderful reviews I emailed him immediately and within the same day I had already booked my consultation with him Directly! The day of my consultation I was nervous and full of questions. Dr Neinstein... more
"Breast Implants Experience, 27 Yrs..."
Hi Girls, After many years of thinking about this, I finally had my BA today, @8 AM. I still cant believe I did it! For the past few days, and esp last night, I seriously considered backing out, I was terrified of anesthesia and all the sillyness I found online about implants. But at 8 AM today, there i was laying on the OR table, terrified... A bit about me- im 27 years old, no kids...yet,... more
Featured Doctors RealSelf Sponsors must meet eligibility requirements to qualify as a featured doctor.
Breast Augmentation Expert
Jerome Edelstein, MD
5.0 out of 5 stars 70 reviews
Create a contoured, natural breast shape
Call Dr. Edelstein (647) 496-4232 www.edelsteincosmetic.com
Toronto Breast Augmentation
Martin Jugenburg, MD
5.0 out of 5 stars 182 reviews
Natural looking, Beautiful Results
Call Dr. Jugenburg (647) 931-5823 www.torontosurgery.ca
Ontario Breast Augmentation Expert
Cory Goldberg, MD
5.0 out of 5 stars 9 reviews
Ask about Saline and Silicone options
Get a Consult (647) 556-5589 www.corygoldbergmd.com
Breast Augmentation Specialist
Michael Weinberg, MD
4.5 out of 5 stars 26 reviews
Customized for each individual
Ask about options (905) 581-9954 www.mississaugacosmeticsurgeryclinic.com


text:
Free Beer & Hot Wings: Hot Wings Unboxes His New Casper Mattress [Video]
Now that we are working with Casper Sleep, Hot Wings decided to check out what all the hype was about.
Now that we are working with Casper Sleep, Hot Wings decided to check out what all the hype was about.
Forbes magazine today released its listing of the 400 richest Americans, with Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates remaining in the top spot for the 21st straight year.
In addition, Meijer co-chairmen, brothers Hank Meijer and Doug Meijer, and Amway co-founder Richard DeVos both making the top 100.
Wallet Hub has released the list of U.S. states in order of "happiness," and Michigan shows up at 43rd out of 51!
Wait, 51? WTF? Oh, they counted the District of Columbia as it's own state maybe hoping to throw things off.
But they should have realized that all the rich politicians would be super happy with their lives, and show up as high as they did.
But what happened to Michigan? Why are we so low on the list?
Philadelphia Phillies fans haven't had much to cheer about this year. The team is 23 games back and is sitting in last place in the National League East.
Things just aren't good in the City of Brotherly Love right now for its Major League Baseball fans. So, they just have to take what they can get in the form of entertainment.
On Sunday, Washington Nationals pitcher Jordan Zimmermann was just one out away from throwing the first no-hitter in franchise history.
The Miami Marlins' Christian Yelich put one into the gap in left-center field and it appeared as though all was lost, but left fielder Steven Souza Jr. had something to say about that.
A woman in Venice, Calif., had to climb on to her roof to escape an intruder who broke into her home on Wednesday.
As if that wasn't bad enough, the intruder then followed her on to the roof to try and catch her, NBC Los Angeles reported. Neighbors saw what was going on and called the police.
You've seen websites with .com, .net, .gov, and .org web addresses. Now there will be websites ending in .beer!
Well now, this car accident is a joke in and of itself.
While driving down the highway in south New Jersey last week, a cop in an SUV collided with another vehicle, causing it to drive off the road, WCAU NBC 10 reported.
Sucks, right? But what makes it funny is that the cop drove through the front of a Dunkin' Donuts in Berlin, N.J.
Bernard Pritchard, a prison inmate at the Southern New Mexico Correctional Facility in Las Cruces, N.M., is claiming he is being discriminated against.
He says he is not being afforded the necessary means to practice his religion of Satanism and is suing to secure that, according to KRQE-TV and The Santa Fe Reporter.
On Tuesday, Free Beer and Hot Wings introduced us to Jasmine Tridevil, the 21-year-old Florida woman who claimed to have undergone a $20,000 plastic surgery procedure to add a third breast to her body.
Why? Well, she's just so darn sick of getting all this attention from men. She wanted to make herself unattractive and thought an extra boob would do the trick. Also: The girl wanted a reality show.
As you may have guessed, Jasmine is a fake and the whole thing is a hoax. However, the real story behind the whole thing is pretty nuts too.


text:
to have taken DD to A+E?(50 Posts)
CeramicUnicorns Wed 04-Jun-14 23:14:11
LittleRedDinosaur Wed 04-Jun-14 23:16:34
WorraLiberty Wed 04-Jun-14 23:19:40
Needadvice5 Wed 04-Jun-14 23:20:02
Bakersbum Wed 04-Jun-14 23:20:13
CheeryName Wed 04-Jun-14 23:20:28
Princessdeb Wed 04-Jun-14 23:20:49
WorraLiberty Wed 04-Jun-14 23:22:21
ICanSeeTheSun Wed 04-Jun-14 23:24:24
MrsMaturin Wed 04-Jun-14 23:27:11
BlackeyedSusan Wed 04-Jun-14 23:27:56
Amy106 Wed 04-Jun-14 23:29:08
mindthegap79 Wed 04-Jun-14 23:29:16
LittleprincessinGOLDrocks Wed 04-Jun-14 23:39:03
Jollyphonics Wed 04-Jun-14 23:42:46
Floralnomad Wed 04-Jun-14 23:43:34
bubalou Wed 04-Jun-14 23:45:12
MrsMook Wed 04-Jun-14 23:47:58
bubalou Wed 04-Jun-14 23:48:21
Mrsfrumble Thu 05-Jun-14 00:01:30
xihha Thu 05-Jun-14 00:02:36
unlucky83 Thu 05-Jun-14 00:28:31
MexicanSpringtime Thu 05-Jun-14 00:50:09
RafaIsTheKingOfClay Thu 05-Jun-14 02:32:53
Join the discussion
Registering is free, easy, and means you can join in the discussion, get discounts, win prizes and lots more.Register now
Already registered with Mumsnet? Log in to leave your comment or alternatively, sign in with Facebook or Google.
Talk: Customise | Unanswered messages | Getting started | Acronyms | FAQs
Threads: Active | I'm on | I'm watching | I started | Last 15 minutes | Last hour | Last Day
Please login first.


text:
Everden Rust Funeral Services is a full service Kelowna Funeral Home, licensed by the province of British Columbia. It was established in 1994 to offer reasonaMore
$1 mil. - $5 mil.in Revenue
5 - 10EmployeesContact people at this company
okanagan funeralMore
Consumer ServicesFuneral Homes & Funeral Related ServicesMore
1130 Carmi AvePentictonBritish ColumbiaV2A 3H2Canadaview map
(888) 672-3944
Pro2014_Iteration14.239[02] SEIDXWK-48


text:
- Home /
- 1 Move Checkmates
Related Products
100 Easy Checkmates
One and Two Move Checkmates to Test Your Skills! Catalog Code: B0002CZPerfect for beginning players--including children--100 Easy Checkmates offers an accessible, fun guide to winning at chess. Designed to help players learn without frustration or tedious chess notation, 100 Easy Checkmates presents easy one- and two-move checkmates that everyone can understand.
100 Easy CheckmatesOur Price: $9.95
The Quality Chess Puzzle Book Catalog Code: B0041QTThe Quality Chess Puzzle Book starts with less difficult thematic combinations, then moves on to various scenarios where tactics arise such as in Endgames, Defence, Positions with Pawn Promotions and even the games of Vassily Ivanchuk, before ending with the appropriately named Brain Crushers, where the reader's challenge is made more realistic by puzzles where the crash-bang-wallop moment is a few moves in the future.
The Quality Chess Puzzle BookOur Price: $29.95
212 Surprising Checkmates Catalog Code: B0053REWith this instructive manual, players can learn to concentrate on one-, two- and three-move checkmates, focusing on their opponents' last moves and keeping alert to new possibilities, rather than getting blinded by previous calculations. Written by two experienced chess teachers, this volumes first 100 exercises concern checkmates in one move, while the remaining exercises represent game-like positions for checkmates in two and three moves.
212 Surprising CheckmatesOur Price: $9.95


text:
commercial property for rent or lease in Schellsburg (PA), Industrial Space For Lease.
Schellsburg commercial real estate for lease, rent, and leased investments.
Find Schellsburg industrial buildings for lease, retail rentals, & Schellsburg shops. Locate a Schellsburg warehouse lease and any real estate for lease / investment, including industrial properties to rent and sale.
Any Schellsburg commercial lease is simply an agreement between the parties that sets out the parameters for the business arrangement. The potential for future adversity is more than real if the terms are not fully understood and considered at the time of signing. A standard lease will have been prepared that will naturally protect the landlords interest in most eventualities. A successful leasing agreement should reflect the issues faced by both landlord and tenant and should consider the needs and requirements of each party.
commercial space listings
Ardara (Westmoreland), Armbrust, Alverton, Adamsburg, Hyde Park, Rillton, Ligonier, Norvelt, Larimer, Madison
in Schellsburg Pennsylvania (PA) (Bedford)


text:
tracker fundSyllabification: track·er fund
Definition of tracker fund in English:
A mutual fund whose holdings mirror the composition of a stock market index or group of indexes.
Example sentences
- Structured products such as trackers allow product providers to take out a margin they couldn't otherwise extract.
- By saving money each month in a low-cost index tracker, you can take advantage of rising prices when the markets finally turn the corner.
- Over the past year the average active fund is up 24 % before fees compared with a gain of 22 % for the typical tracker.
Definition of tracker fund in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Get more from Oxford Dictionaries
Subscribe to remove ads and access premium resources
Top searches
= trending
Word of the day Sprachgefühl
Pronunciation: ˈSHpräkɡəˌf(y)o͞ol
intuitive understanding of a language's natural idiom…


text:
Joined: 12 February 2011
Posts: 3786
Which daily soap do you watch?
I don't get time to watch daily soaps but I make sure to watch my show Arjun and sometimes I watch How Met Your Mother and Friends.
Which channel do you watch frequently?
Star Plus and MTV.
Which is your favourite reality show?
Roadies, KBC, Bigg Boss, Fear Factor, Castle and Criminal Minds.
Which is your favourite TV channel?
Star Plus and Star One.
Which comedy shows have you enjoyed the most on television?
Movers and Shakers, The Great Indian Laughter Challenge, Comedy Circus, Hum Paanch, Shriman Shrimati and Sarabhai vs Sarabhai.
credit telly chakkar
link http://www.tellychakkar.com/celeb-watch/what-shaleen-malhotra-watching-small-screen#.UTXnnrNz74x.facebook
The following 25 member(s) liked the above post:armanmallik, asritosh, kash_meet10, iluvrainaarti, kirthiii, kurkuresandwich, Luna92, shreya09, ..PriyaB.., .9.Sara.9., MG2507, luvzindagi, M.V.Kohli007, lizzie1765, kunchu, ...anika..., -SREE93-, Payal_156, Piya_Malik, devildiva21, DivineDarkness, pikiiichuu, MrDarcyfan, suj01, _TaNi_,
Joined: 13 December 2012
Posts: 14728
The following 1 member(s) liked the above post:kgmu,
Joined: 22 November 2012
Posts: 15110
The following 1 member(s) liked the above post:kgmu,
Joined: 30 October 2012
Posts: 7818
Joined: 02 March 2012
Posts: 14331
Senior Member
Joined: 22 July 2012
Posts: 747
Joined: 26 January 2013
Posts: 9943
Joined: 26 December 2012
Posts: 14570
Shaleen Malhotra who essays the character of Veer in Channel V's O ... 14
The talented actor is making a comeback on television with Bindass' ... 5


text:
Waste Treatment Technologies B.V.
based in Almelo, NETHERLANDS
Waste Treatment Technologies (WTT) is a renowned and experienced supplier of high-tech waste treatment solutions. Founded in 1996, we've been designing, constructing, building and maintaining facilities all over the world. With offices in the Netherlands, Germany and Spain, we are able to offer our clients – a significant group of well-known international waste management ...
Serious Waste Management Ltd
based in Staffordshire, UNITED KINGDOM
Waste Management is a serious business. Serious design, install and service cost-effective and environmentally sound sewage and waste water systems from cesspools, septic tanks, and sewage treatment plants to pumping stations, rising mains, wet waste disposal and fat and grease control systems.
Greener Waste Limited
based in Wakefield, UNITED KINGDOM
At Greener Waste, we understand and employ all types of water treatment technologies. Recognising the diversity and variability of site needs, we have developed a wide range of bacteria cultures, application units and reactor systems to deliver responsible and reliable solutions. The complete Greener Waste solution spans assessment, system design, fabrication and ...
Organic Waste Systems
based in Ghent, BELGIUM
Organic Waste Systems (OWS) is a private company under Belgian law, constituted in 1988 with a capital of 1.240.000 Euro. OWS is specialised in biological treatment of solid and semi-solid organic substrates by means of anaerobic digestion. OWS has developed the DRANCO, SORDISEP and DRANCO-FARM processes. The three main activities of the companies are: construction of ...
Miranda Water Treatment Systems
based in Ankara, TURKEY
Miranda® is an engineering, consultancy, manufacturing and R&D company focused in the treatment of water, wastewater and reuse of treated water. We are established to offer solutions to the growing water management needs of our country and the world struggling with the management of depleting water resources caused by global warming. Miranda® is focused to address the ...
Simran Canada - Water Treatment Co
based in Surrey, BRITISH COLUMBIA (CANADA)
Water treatment patented technology to control all parameters of wastewater treatment i.e. TSS, BOD, COD, FOG etc. Contrary to conventional wastewater treatment systems, there is no need for coagulants, soluble BOD & COD can be reduced without secondary treatment. Residence time required for BOD, COD, Colour control is 4 - 6 hours as compared to 24 - 48 hours for ...
Trinova Medical Waste Solutions, LLC
based in Ontario, CALIFORNIA (USA)
Trinova Medical Waste Solutions revolutionizes medical waste management by dramatically reducing costs for medical waste disposal, HIPPA compliance and regular waste disposal while simultaneously reducing or completely eliminating the impact to our environment as opposed to current solutions in place. All medical waste, as defined by the state and federal agencies ...
Waste to Energy Canada Ltd (WTEC)
based in Vancouver, BRITISH COLUMBIA (CANADA)
WTEC provides integrated 'clean & smart' waste management and energy recovery infrastructure via medium scale Batch Gasification Systems and smaller Mobile Gasification Systems. Creating truly sustainable, clean community development around the world, WTEC is uniquely Canadian yet internationally oriented.
A + A Worm Farm Waste Systems
based in Hastings, AUSTRALIA
A & A Worm Farm Waste Systems make waste treatment plants using worms that process domestic waste, sewerage, garbage and waste grey waters. If you have an existing septic tank or chemical treatment plant, our worm farm waste systems can also be used to retrofit septic tanks. Our natural waste processing systems, which use only worms, can be used for domestic waste ...
Dutch Medical Waste Systems B.V.
based in Tolkamer, NETHERLANDS
The founders of Dutch Medical Waste Systems B.V. have over 20 years experience in industrial engineering and the treatment of medical waste. Aim was to develop a system specially for the continuous, environmentally friendly treatment of medical waste into a dry, high caloric product.


text:
Economic Opportunities
A steady decline in Maine's unemployment rate indicates that thousands of Mainers are working again. We will continue to increase job opportunities with good public policy that strengthens economic development, reduces taxes, reforms welfare.
More than 8,000 jobs have been created since 2011 including jobs from the economic development initiatives this administration has established. Additionally, companies have invested nearly $400 million in capital investment. These figures represent thousands of opportunities for generations of Mainers - Mainers who will not have to leave our state to secure a great education or find a rewarding career.
Ann LePage
Flag Etiquette
Flags are flying at full staff today.
More About Flag Etiquette
Recent Tweets
Latest News
November 21, 2014: Maine's Economy Continues Recovery
November 17, 2014: Governor LePage Recognizes Maine Army National Guard for "Excellence in Facilities Programs"
November 10, 2014: Governor and First Lady to Visit Maine Veterans' Home to Honor Our Veterans
November 4, 2014: Governor Moves to Ensure Utility Workers Responding to Power Outage Can Vote
November 3, 2014: State Offices in Ellsworth, Rockland, West Boothbay Closed Monday Due to Storm


text:
Daily Virtual Tour Sample Updates
Pike Place Market is an insanely popular and wonderfully vibrant world-famous venue near the waterfront in downtown Seattle. This is a 360 tour of some of the best spots as photographed by DigitalProperties.ca ... See MoreSee Less
Historic 360s From This World-Famous Venue
3 days ago
$2,350,000 - 24 acres of clear and level land 10 minutes from Hwy 404. The photo slideshow reveals this 2500 square foot bungalow and it's 1200 square foot workshop with 12+ foot ceiling. ... See MoreSee Less
24 Wonderful Acres Can Be Yours!
4 days ago
Li Read likes this
$929,900 - New photo and 360 tour has just been made available for online viewing; photographed just a day before the snow started to come down! This Finch & Bathurst residence has a rare and extraordinary indoor pool house with a retractable roof! ... See MoreSee Less
How Will You Re-Configure This Excellent Home?
6 days ago
Li Read and Ray McMillan Mortgages like this
Andrew AutioWhy is the pool water so green??5 days ago
$497,900 - Live up in the air in this bright and gorgeous ultra-modern Tridel condo. Situated inside the city-famous Distillery District, this east-exposure downtown-lifestyle opportunity is now available for you to view in full detail online in this cutting-edge virtual tour. ... See MoreSee Less
Virtual Tour and Real Estate Photography
1 week ago
Jeremiah Lascano II likes this
$1,800,000 - You can own these newer combined industrial units right at Hwy 7 and 427. A prime location immediately highway and airport accessible. We show you inside the best spots of this huge 2 level listing. ... See MoreSee Less
Units 3 and 4 Available for Ownership
1 week ago
$4,700,500 - Over 11,000 square feet of living space is featured in this amazing Pinewood Estates home in Woodbridge. See the photos of the rear grounds.... can you imagine the A-list parties that could be hosted here? ... See MoreSee Less
A Stunning Residence In This Prestigious Neighbourhood
1 week ago
South Peel Homes likes this
Recent Productions
- November 2014 - Mature Lifestyle Community
- October 2014 - Rose Theatre Brampton
- September 2014 - Virtual Tours For Every Industry!
- Summer 2014 - Photos In DESIGN BUREAU Magazine
- Featured in January 2014 Star Trek Magazine
- Was DigitalProperties.ca In Your Neighbourhood?
- Another Happy Builder During the Happy Holidays...
- Read the Globe and Mail ....
- DigitalProperties.ca Completes Cross-Canada Project
- The University Club of Toronto: 360 Glory


text:
Sarah in Grand Rapids, Michigan says there are actually more words on this "replacement" lawn sign than there were on the original. Good thing the writer is putting those extra words to work for a good cause, huh?
related: This flamingo has flown
Sarah in Grand Rapids, Michigan says there are actually more words on this "replacement" lawn sign than there were on the original. Good thing the writer is putting those extra words to work for a good cause, huh?
related: This flamingo has flown
Tags: Grand Rapids · Michigan · stealing · Won't somebody think of the children?
Apparently, Von says, somebody at the Homeowners Association got fed up with kids swimming in and jumping off of a decorative fountain at the neighborhood swimming pool, so the Board of Directors put up this sign. "The funny part," he says, "is that the water from the fountain flows directly into the actual pool." (No word on how long it took the kids to figure that one out.)
And then there's this…
related: Small-town Swimming Pool Rules
Tags: kids · Mississippi · swimming pool
Megan in Atlanta found this note on her front door one day after returning home from work. Explains Megan: "My front rooms are living and dining, not bedrooms. I had put one of my front blinds up because the cat was getting to it and they're expensive cellular shades." Her "high road" response? Raising all the blinds in the house. (Adds Megan: "Enjoy the view, busybody!")
Meanwhile, Tim and his wife Rebecca spotted this smiley-faced bit of sarcasm on a street near their home in Colorado Springs. Adds Tim: "The neighborhood isn't even very nice, so an ugly fence is hardly the worst thing around."
related: The Future HOA Presidents of America
Tags: Atlanta · Colorado · most popular notes of 2012 · MYOB · neighbors · there goes the neighborhood
"This was posted on the elevator door in my building," says Konstantin in NYC. "It refers to the marijuana plant left in a pot right in front of the building for over a week. I love my neighbors…"
Psst, Whiteboy — perhaps a guard dog is in order?
Meanwhile, in Seattle…
related: The Orchid Thief
Tags: drugs · flowers, trees, houseplants & gardens · New York · stealing
Explains a mom in Oregon: "This note was left outside the kids' bedroom door after I sent them to a time out for pouring all of the shampoo and facewash in the entire bathroom into the bathtub. I told them I couldn't trust them not to do that so they would have to stick to showers instead of baths for the time being."
Man, I just love it when kids threaten their parents with the silent treatment.
Tags: kids · most popular notes of 2012 · Mother-son notes · Oregon
"Apparently chicken legs can cause quite the hullabaloo in a small town," notes our submitter in Iowa.
related: Sushi buffet rules
Tags: Iowa · most popular notes of 2012 · restaurant · small town living · stealing
An anonymous submitter discovered this lengthy explanation on the door of a head shop in Waldorf, Maryland.
Not surprisingly, it appears the head shop's owners take a fairly relaxed attitude toward keeping their store open, and instead put heavy emphasis on maintaining a flexible work-life balance.
related: Before you ask…
Tags: "customer service" · drugs · Maryland · opening/closing
What's an 11-letter word for "passive-aggressive tactic?" Well, it happens to be the weapon of choice at the Portsmouth Public Library in New Hampshire, where Persephone says there is some serious crossword-puzzle drama going on.
(Personally, I would have liked to see someone add: "Even if it's only the Monday puzzle.")
related: Shushing the shusher
Tags: library · New Hampshire · newspaper
Molly said this ice cream shop on the Jersey Shore was filled with signs of the "You're in New Jersey, bitch" variety, but this one was perhaps the most obnoxious of them all.
"As it turns out," Molly says, "my imagination didn't quite capture the essence of the Mocha Chocolate Crunch that I ordered. If I'd had a sample, I would have realized the nuttiness was just too much for my delicate palate."
related: It's not food, it's ice cream!
Tags: "customer service" · ice cream · New Jersey · tourists
Nathan says this sign has been up in his South Texas hometown for several years now. He's checked back every once in a while, but so far, no updates have materialized.
Perhaps Jimmy should have sprung for this deal?
related: The Window of Shame
Tags: family · money · public shaming · small town living · Texas