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TUESDAY, March 15 (HealthDay News) -- Between 1965 and 2007, the prevalence of high-intensity smoking declined in California and in the remaining states, according to a study published in the March 16 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
John P. Pierce, Ph.D., from the University of California San Diego in La Jolla, and colleagues estimated smoking intensity patterns from 1965 to 2007 in 139,176 individuals from California, and 1,662,353 from the remaining states. The number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) was the main outcome measure, and smokers were divided into three groups: high intensity (20 or more CPD), moderate intensity (10 to 19 CPD), and low intensity (zero to nine CPD).
The investigators found that 56 percent of all smokers were high-intensity smokers in 1965; whereas, in 2007, high-intensity smokers accounted for 23 percent of smokers in California and 40 percent of smokers in the remaining states. Prevalence of moderate- or high-intensity smoking in the United States, excluding California, was 40.5 percent in 1965 for the 1920 to 1929 birth cohort, and declined in subsequent birth cohorts. For the 1970 to 1979 birth cohort, the prevalence of moderate- or high-intensity smoking was 9.7 percent in California and 18.3 percent in the remaining states. By the age of 35, in the 1970 to 1979 cohort, prevalence of moderate- or high-intensity smoking had declined to 4.6 percent in California and 13.5 percent in the remaining states.
"Over the past 40 years, patterns of smoking have changed dramatically in the United States and reflect both reduced initiation and increased cessation," the authors write.
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Originally from Romford, Essex, Five Star were dubbed 'Britain's answer to the Jackson 5', with their dynamic sound and fabulous dance routines. The darlings of the pop world in the mid-80s, Five Star rocked the British and US pop charts in the 80s, and scored a total of 16 top 40 singles, 6 of which went top ten, and achieved a multi-platinum selling UK No.1 album in 1986 with 'Silk & Steel'. A formidable live act in the 80s, they sold out 6 nights at Wembley Arena on their 1987 UK tour.
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Game Questions & Answers (Q&A) service lets you ask questions about video games for game consoles or PC games. So ask your Swapnote question for 3DS and get answers from real gamers or answer questions and share your insights and experience with the rest of the gaming community.
- Developer: Nintendo
- Publisher: Nintendo
- Genre: Miscellaneous General
- Release Date: Dec 22, 2011
- ESRB: Not Set
Question & Answers
Searching for friends and special stationary
I don't know how to get a special stationary. If somebody here has one, please send me one/some. I've also spent 4 months trying to find friend codes. I ask for you to add me, please. friend code: 4570-7259-6113 name: A (white star symbol) smarts. There are no spaces in between. Thank you all.
Answer from: Andy
Sure my friend code is 3952 8064 1811
Answer from: answers
Well i think on certain day or holidays you can get specials oh and my code is 4425-2377-5310. i hoppe this helped.
Answer from: Thomas.E
Sure my id is 0731-5930-1863
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Thank you everybody! Don't forget to add me, I added all of you. You're already on my friend list Thomas. E. I'll send you a swapnote. Later vbody!
Answer from: coooll
Answer from: cait
Mine is 4570-7014-7446
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My friend code is 444184446000
Answer from: Riolu963
Added All Of U! FC=3754-6244-2168
Answer from: Aintelligent
Added vbody, back on 3ds in first week of june.
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Sure 5257-9407-6922
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I have the Legend Of Zelda one and the Pokemon X and Y, My code is 4398-9521-8843
Answer from: Gba!!!
My friend code is: 3668-7943-8370
Answer from: Big Sis
Added all of you my code is :4570-7606-7206
Answer from: venom
Can you guys friend code me at 3265-6140-5607 name venom
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I'll add u all in a few hrs. THANK YOU sooooo much, all of you! :D XD <3
Answer from: Big Sis
In friend coded everyone but nobody friend coded me back.
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You are shuffling chairs on the deck of sinking Titanic
Submitted by James_Madison_Lives on Wed, 09/05/2012 - 01:05. Permalink
We just hemorrhaged another $16 trillion the Fed gave to 1% bankers, some of them not even AMERICAN BANKS. The entire federal budget is only $4 trillion and you are worried about her plan for long-term sustainability.
Didn't you see the Pentagon is war-gaming for economic chaos and martial law. Jill Stein wants to end the Fed just like Ron. If you go far enough left you get back to right.
Pentagon war games:
A man who views the world the same at fifty as he did at twenty has wasted thirty years of his life.
-- Muhammad Ali
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|By Jeremy Geelan
Article Rating:
|May 13, 2010 05:45 AM EDT
Blueprint4IT on Ulitzer
In this exclusive Q&A for SYS-CON's Cloud Computing Journal with Cloud Expo Conference Chair, Jeremy Geelan, Tony Bishop - Founder & CEO of Adaptivity - discusses Adaptivity's "IT Transformation Factory" and their Cloud Computing strategy.
Bishop gave a General Session at the 5th Cloud Expo in New York in April entitled "Understanding the Relationship Between Workloads and the Cloud."
About Tony Bishop: As Chairman and CEO, he leads the team and provides hands-on coaching, thought leadership and executive strategy support for Adaptivity's key clients and partners. He is an innovative IT executive, with an excellent track record in strategy, design, and the implementation of business-aligned enterprise technology platforms across large organizations. He most recently served as SVP and Chief Architect of Wachovia's Corporate Investment Banking Technology Group, where his team designed, built, and implemented a leading-edge service-oriented architecture and utility computing infrastructure.
About Adaptivity Corporation: Adaptivity provides integrated solutions that automate IT Delivery optimization across enterprise computing environments. Our integrated solutions include a unified knowledge base and an expert workbench that allows customers to design and optimize the delivery model of their infrastructure computing environments. These solutions help customers and partners change how they organize, architect, engineer and manage their IT supply chain.
Cloud Computing Journal: What's the idea behind the term 'IT Transformation Factory' as an umbrella term for Adaptivity's activities in the Cloud Computing space?
Tony Bishop: The industry is intensely focused on a narrow definition of Cloud Computing (remotely managed IaaS resources). Adaptivity sees the opportunity from a much broader perspective. IaaS type resources managed externally from the enterprise do provide value; however, the larger opportunity is enabling enterprises to change how they deliver and consume IT resources.
The IT Transformation Factory is a combination of tools, knowledge base, and advisory services, which together form turnkey programs that accelerate systematic enterprise IT delivery transformation.
Cloud Computing Journal: How would you characterize a "next-generation" data center?
Bishop: There's a lot that goes into the design of a next-generation data center, so much that I wrote a book on the subject: Next Generation Datacenters in Financial Services: Driving Extreme Efficiency and Effective Cost Savings. The primary characteristic of a next-generation data center is that it empowers IT in its efforts to maximize business effectiveness. As infrastructure is tailored to workloads, its organization is reflective of business realities (not technology limitations), and it's able to respond to business events as they happen, which makes for a much more agile organization.
There are a number of fundamental changes to how design characteristics should be considered:
- Respect IT Physics: An application/service's computer infrastructure should be located with other application/services that it is mostly likely to communicate with, reducing contention.
- Tailored Infrastructure: The computing resources are no longer generic and are now tuned to the types of workloads running within an application.
- Demise of the Silo: IT changes its focus from the delivery of isolated silos of technology resources to high-level services aligned with business operations.
- Enhanced Recovery: Grouping of services via their organization in the data center helps mitigate technology risk by providing a clear view of what's required to restore business capabilities in disaster recovery scenarios.
Cloud Computing Journal: Have advancements in Virtualization and Cloud Computing made managing an organization's IT resource inventory easier or harder?
Bishop: Much harder. The traditional tools and processes for managing inventory were caught off guard by the rapid proliferation of these technologies and are only now beginning to catch up to virtualization, never mind cloud computing. There's even some debate about what should count as a resource and its boundaries, especially in the cloud space. This lack of clarity regarding where resource boundaries begin and end further blurs the matter.
That said, there's opportunity for changing the notion of what a resource is and keeping an inventory of high-level constructs, such as business services. As resources are delivered via the cloud, attention will move away from managing asset inventory and toward capacity management.
A Full General Session Room at Cloud Expo 2010 East in New York for Adaptivity's CEO
Cloud Computing Journal: Why is Cloud Computing recession-relevant?
Bishop: The traditional IT delivery model isn't tied to business performance. When the recession really started kicking in, it became apparent how many problems in the data center have been solved by throwing money at them. In fact, as many businesses have seen a reduction in revenue and gross numbers of transactions to process, they have not had the ability to curtail the corresponding IT costs, and costs continued to rise in many cases. Organizations that could not "turn off" an entire application were often faced with leaving the often "over-provisioned" infrastructure as is. The elastic nature of the cloud helps close the gap between what the business needs for operations for any given market environment. The recession has made organizations take stock of their current expense models for IT and therefore they are more open to the consideration of alternatives.
Cloud Computing Journal: How about the trend towards real-time in IT; what are the main business drivers for that?
Bishop: The primary driver is the competitive advantage provided by the ability to meet the demands of the business environment moment by moment in a more agile manner. This trend toward real-time is not just about the time-to-market benefits, but also about providing real-time capabilities that enable the business to build a sustainable competitive advantage by tailoring its IT services toward specific demands. The more tailored to the specific nature of HOW the business operates, the more difficult it is for the competition to duplicate. A business that is more agile becomes more effective. A business that is able to operate more effectively than the competition has a major strategic advantage.
Cloud Computing Journal: So what's the secret to making Cloud Computing work at the enterprise level?
Bishop: Economics is the driving force to create the disciplines needed to properly move applications into the cloud. When software development first began moving to India, there were poor controls in place and results were mixed. Over time, disciplines were created that improved the success rate, such that it's now unusual for large projects to have no part of the development being outsourced. The situation is similar with cloud computing. The disciplines needed to manage the business in this way are still in their infancy. In particular, the challenges of security and reliability are major concerns, followed closely by FUD (Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt).
To combat these obstacles, enterprises are applying cloud principles to how they deliver IT internally in order to begin the process of developing the needed new disciplines. Beware, those who see cloud as only a way to more rapidly deploy traditional resources (compute, storage, network) will be trounced by those who use cloud to transform how the whole organization operates. The reason they will fall behind is that they are missing a critical opportunity to transform IT delivery, which requires holistic process changes. This is not a "throw it over the wall" solution. The same mistakes were made in the initial outsourcing craze.
Cloud Computing Journal: Is Cloud Computing, as some have claimed, "pure SOA" - and if so is that good or bad?
Bishop: The answer to this question is likely filed somewhere near "How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?" The answer depends on the definitions you're working with and your world view. Clearly SOA service can be delivered via Cloud Computing resources and Cloud Computing resources can 'be discovered.' The bigger issue is that neither Cloud Computing nor SOA really have proper systematic mechanisms to ensure resources are properly applied based on workload characteristics and the interconnectedness of their interactions. In this case, this abstraction sets us back and not forward. "Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler." - Einstein
Cloud Computing Journal: You've been known to quote Tim Berners-Lee, who once said "I think IT projects are about supporting social systems - about communications between people and machines. They tend to fail due to cultural issues." Is that still true today, do you find?
Bishop: Yes. If we humans ever go to war with our machine counterparts, mark my words, it'll be because of a lack of communication about workload characteristics and the intensity of collaboration required!
The issue here is that IT is taking short cuts with its current application profiling techniques. Generally, profiling is an afterthought in the design process, if it takes place at all. Even when done, it's a process much similar to throwing spaghetti against the wall to see if it sticks. Instead demand, as characterized by workload and collaboration, should have a direct influence on our designs from the beginning, such that the infrastructure is tailored to the job at hand. This perspective facilitates implementations that work under all conditions, which is increasingly important in a world where the digital supply chain is the new organizational face.
This leads to the final part of the quote on cultural issues. Effective use of the cloud means that IT organizations are going to have to change. Silos must be broken down so that resource sharing is possible. Discussions between IT and the business about Service Level Agreements (SLA) must occur in a meaningful way so that they can lead to Operational and Execution Level Agreements (OLA, ELA). Disciplines must be created and invested to promote and sustain the transformation of IT. It all comes down to greater rigor and responsibility among groups, and many organizations are not ready for that kind of interaction or transparency. Too many people in IT and business will perceive that they can be on the losing end of such a transformation. Therefore the organization has to grapple with what is valuable and change that value system (culture) in order to achieve the behavioral changes required.
Cloud Computing Journal: What's the best way, do you think, to go beyond the basic virtualization strategy and consider, say, grids that can be shared by multiple projects across business lines?
Bishop: You're describing a utility computing model, where shared grids have been successfully implemented by many firms, especially financial services firms. We're focusing on the step beyond that, which is moving workloads seamlessly across the whole footprint of the data center, such that the right resources are applied to whichever problems the organization needs without code changes. This is being accomplished via a holistic virtualization approach that maps business demands to resource supply, augmented by a trend toward predictive and self-healing infrastructures.
Cloud Computing Journal: How big an issue is security for enterprises that wish to migrate toward Cloud-based infrastructure wholly or in part?
Bishop: Enormous; security can't be understated. The problem of security is compounded by all the different layers of security that must be addressed. Everything from application security services all the way down to physical security is a concern, including everything in between such as transmission and data storage (transient and long term). Organizations have already been dealing with all the different challenges security presents; the particular challenge with public Cloud-based infrastructure is that a third party has to be entrusted with some portion of these responsibilities, which becomes a trust issue. This is another area where FUD (Fear, Uncertainly, and Doubt) will need to be overcome. It stands to reason that the issues around security will be used as the weapon of choice by those who want to slow down progress to the public cloud. So again culture plays a role here.
Cloud Computing Journal: And what about management, how's that being taken care of? Can the deployment and management of computing clouds really be automated, or is that in the far-off future still?
Bishop: Yes, management can be automated based on business policies, security policies, and cultural changes to operations - though there is no holistic solution for workload management - so these services need to be pulled together through a combination of technologies. Many organizations have been focused on virtual machines, but that virtualization construct really doesn't provide the granularity or the dynamic capabilities needed to properly manage workloads.
Furthermore, the language for setting business expectations needs to be recast. For example, SLAs are needed, for those that do exist are insufficient. An SLA speaks to what service needs to be provided, but not how to adjust the underlying resources should different execution conditions be encountered. For instance, doubling the number of compute resources won't help if a service is storage bound. We've introduced the concept of Execution Level Agreements (ELAs) with our clients to help them define the behavior of their dynamic infrastructures to make sure that SLAs are met.
Cloud Computing Journal: How big a part are standards going to play in the success of the Cloud?
Bishop: Ideally, standards are important to facilitate inter-operation and integration, but standards usually lag severely behind innovation by several years. Those who innovate now have a better chance to lead their segment by making deliberate technology choices and thoughtful designs. Don't be surprised to see early standards used to shut out competition by large vendors that have a strong influence on standards boards. Our message is keep an eye out for industry standards that make sense to adopt, but in the interim develop your disciplines now or be left behind.
Two key disciplines that IT must invest in are Architecture and Engineering. Architecture will help IT make the tradeoff assessments for non-standard technology more rigorous, while developing designs that have a better chance of adapting as standards become finalized. Engineering helps IT test and configure new technologies so that risk can be properly understood. These are investments that will make an organization much more competitive.
Cloud Computing Journal: 2009 has been a year of obvious challenges, from both a CapEx and an OpEx perspective, for anyone involved with Enterprise IT. Finally, what's your top tip, as a seasoned software executive, to those other CEOs out there right now - especially CEOs of embattled start-ups who may be looking for some magic bullet to ensure they're alive (and well) as a company in 2010?
Bishop: To my mind, a magic bullet implies an easy fix. The simple sales formulas of the past, where IT allowed itself to play the subservient role of being order takers, are no longer appropriate. The key strategic move for IT is to move its focus up the organizational hierarchy and provide holistic solutions that meet business challenges. You must have a story that is interesting to CxOs. This critical decision making process can no longer be relegated to system managers or technicians as the stakes have become too high.
In a time of limited funding, only initiatives that are considered business imperatives are going to get funded. Solutions must be clearly articulated and tailored to the challenges at hand and must be able to show significant results within a quarter.
The 3rd International Internet of @ThingsExpo, co-located with the 16th International Cloud Expo - to be held June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY - announces that its Call for Papers is now open. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the biggest idea since the creation of the Worldwide Web more than 20 years ago.
Nov. 28, 2014 08:00 AM EST Reads: 1,654
Cultural, regulatory, environmental, political and economic (CREPE) conditions over the past decade are creating cross-industry solution spaces that require processes and technologies from both the Internet of Things (IoT), and Data Management and Analytics (DMA). These solution spaces are evolving into Sensor Analytics Ecosystems (SAE) that represent significant new opportunities for organizations of all types. Public Utilities throughout the world, providing electricity, natural gas and water, are pursuing SmartGrid initiatives that represent one of the more mature examples of SAE. We have s...
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 PM EST Reads: 1,943
The security devil is always in the details of the attack: the ones you've endured, the ones you prepare yourself to fend off, and the ones that, you fear, will catch you completely unaware and defenseless. The Internet of Things (IoT) is nothing if not an endless proliferation of details. It's the vision of a world in which continuous Internet connectivity and addressability is embedded into a growing range of human artifacts, into the natural world, and even into our smartphones, appliances, and physical persons. In the IoT vision, every new "thing" - sensor, actuator, data source, data con...
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 PM EST Reads: 2,042
The Internet of Things is tied together with a thin strand that is known as time. Coincidentally, at the core of nearly all data analytics is a timestamp. When working with time series data there are a few core principles that everyone should consider, especially across datasets where time is the common boundary. In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, Jim Scott, Director of Enterprise Strategy & Architecture at MapR Technologies, discussed single-value, geo-spatial, and log time series data. By focusing on enterprise applications and the data center, he will use OpenTSDB as an example t...
Nov. 27, 2014 03:00 PM EST Reads: 2,207
How do APIs and IoT relate? The answer is not as simple as merely adding an API on top of a dumb device, but rather about understanding the architectural patterns for implementing an IoT fabric. There are typically two or three trends: Exposing the device to a management framework Exposing that management framework to a business centric logic Exposing that business layer and data to end users. This last trend is the IoT stack, which involves a new shift in the separation of what stuff happens, where data lives and where the interface lies. For instance, it's a mix of architectural styles ...
Nov. 27, 2014 03:00 PM EST Reads: 2,047
An entirely new security model is needed for the Internet of Things, or is it? Can we save some old and tested controls for this new and different environment? In his session at @ThingsExpo, New York's at the Javits Center, Davi Ottenheimer, EMC Senior Director of Trust, reviewed hands-on lessons with IoT devices and reveal a new risk balance you might not expect. Davi Ottenheimer, EMC Senior Director of Trust, has more than nineteen years' experience managing global security operations and assessments, including a decade of leading incident response and digital forensics. He is co-author of t...
Nov. 27, 2014 01:00 PM EST Reads: 2,104
The Internet of Things will greatly expand the opportunities for data collection and new business models driven off of that data. In her session at @ThingsExpo, Esmeralda Swartz, CMO of MetraTech, discussed how for this to be effective you not only need to have infrastructure and operational models capable of utilizing this new phenomenon, but increasingly service providers will need to convince a skeptical public to participate. Get ready to show them the money!
Nov. 27, 2014 11:00 AM EST Reads: 1,910
The Internet of Things will put IT to its ultimate test by creating infinite new opportunities to digitize products and services, generate and analyze new data to improve customer satisfaction, and discover new ways to gain a competitive advantage across nearly every industry. In order to help corporate business units to capitalize on the rapidly evolving IoT opportunities, IT must stand up to a new set of challenges. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Jeff Kaplan, Managing Director of THINKstrategies, will examine why IT must finally fulfill its role in support of its SBUs or face a new round of...
Nov. 27, 2014 10:00 AM EST Reads: 1,927
One of the biggest challenges when developing connected devices is identifying user value and delivering it through successful user experiences. In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, Mike Kuniavsky, Principal Scientist, Innovation Services at PARC, described an IoT-specific approach to user experience design that combines approaches from interaction design, industrial design and service design to create experiences that go beyond simple connected gadgets to create lasting, multi-device experiences grounded in people's real needs and desires.
Nov. 27, 2014 08:00 AM EST Reads: 1,885
Enthusiasm for the Internet of Things has reached an all-time high. In 2013 alone, venture capitalists spent more than $1 billion dollars investing in the IoT space. With "smart" appliances and devices, IoT covers wearable smart devices, cloud services to hardware companies. Nest, a Google company, detects temperatures inside homes and automatically adjusts it by tracking its user's habit. These technologies are quickly developing and with it come challenges such as bridging infrastructure gaps, abiding by privacy concerns and making the concept a reality. These challenges can't be addressed w...
Nov. 27, 2014 07:45 AM EST Reads: 2,029
The Domain Name Service (DNS) is one of the most important components in networking infrastructure, enabling users and services to access applications by translating URLs (names) into IP addresses (numbers). Because every icon and URL and all embedded content on a website requires a DNS lookup loading complex sites necessitates hundreds of DNS queries. In addition, as more internet-enabled 'Things' get connected, people will rely on DNS to name and find their fridges, toasters and toilets. According to a recent IDG Research Services Survey this rate of traffic will only grow. What's driving t...
Nov. 27, 2014 07:00 AM EST Reads: 2,084
Scott Jenson leads a project called The Physical Web within the Chrome team at Google. Project members are working to take the scalability and openness of the web and use it to talk to the exponentially exploding range of smart devices. Nearly every company today working on the IoT comes up with the same basic solution: use my server and you'll be fine. But if we really believe there will be trillions of these devices, that just can't scale. We need a system that is open a scalable and by using the URL as a basic building block, we open this up and get the same resilience that the web enjoys.
Nov. 27, 2014 06:45 AM EST Reads: 2,145
Connected devices and the Internet of Things are getting significant momentum in 2014. In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, Jim Hunter, Chief Scientist & Technology Evangelist at Greenwave Systems, examined three key elements that together will drive mass adoption of the IoT before the end of 2015. The first element is the recent advent of robust open source protocols (like AllJoyn and WebRTC) that facilitate M2M communication. The second is broad availability of flexible, cost-effective storage designed to handle the massive surge in back-end data in a world where timely analytics is e...
Nov. 27, 2014 06:45 AM EST Reads: 2,066
We are reaching the end of the beginning with WebRTC, and real systems using this technology have begun to appear. One challenge that faces every WebRTC deployment (in some form or another) is identity management. For example, if you have an existing service – possibly built on a variety of different PaaS/SaaS offerings – and you want to add real-time communications you are faced with a challenge relating to user management, authentication, authorization, and validation. Service providers will want to use their existing identities, but these will have credentials already that are (hopefully) i...
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 AM EST Reads: 1,734
"Matrix is an ambitious open standard and implementation that's set up to break down the fragmentation problems that exist in IP messaging and VoIP communication," explained John Woolf, Technical Evangelist at Matrix, in this SYS-CON.tv interview at @ThingsExpo, held Nov 4–6, 2014, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA.
Nov. 27, 2014 04:00 AM EST Reads: 1,794
P2P RTC will impact the landscape of communications, shifting from traditional telephony style communications models to OTT (Over-The-Top) cloud assisted & PaaS (Platform as a Service) communication services. The P2P shift will impact many areas of our lives, from mobile communication, human interactive web services, RTC and telephony infrastructure, user federation, security and privacy implications, business costs, and scalability. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Robin Raymond, Chief Architect at Hookflash, will walk through the shifting landscape of traditional telephone and voice services ...
Nov. 26, 2014 02:00 PM EST Reads: 2,071
Explosive growth in connected devices. Enormous amounts of data for collection and analysis. Critical use of data for split-second decision making and actionable information. All three are factors in making the Internet of Things a reality. Yet, any one factor would have an IT organization pondering its infrastructure strategy. How should your organization enhance its IT framework to enable an Internet of Things implementation? In his session at Internet of @ThingsExpo, James Kirkland, Chief Architect for the Internet of Things and Intelligent Systems at Red Hat, described how to revolutioniz...
Nov. 24, 2014 07:00 PM EST Reads: 2,246
Bit6 today issued a challenge to the technology community implementing Web Real Time Communication (WebRTC). To leap beyond WebRTC's significant limitations and fully leverage its underlying value to accelerate innovation, application developers need to consider the entire communications ecosystem.
Nov. 24, 2014 12:00 PM EST Reads: 2,003
The definition of IoT is not new, in fact it's been around for over a decade. What has changed is the public's awareness that the technology we use on a daily basis has caught up on the vision of an always on, always connected world. If you look into the details of what comprises the IoT, you'll see that it includes everything from cloud computing, Big Data analytics, "Things," Web communication, applications, network, storage, etc. It is essentially including everything connected online from hardware to software, or as we like to say, it's an Internet of many different things. The difference ...
Nov. 24, 2014 11:00 AM EST Reads: 2,354
Cloud Expo 2014 TV commercials will feature @ThingsExpo, which was launched in June, 2014 at New York City's Javits Center as the largest 'Internet of Things' event in the world.
Nov. 24, 2014 09:00 AM EST Reads: 2,228


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UCL achieves Highly Commended for Sustainable Facilities Management
UCL and its partners Office and General and Bywaters have received a Highly Commended accolade at the Chartered Institution of Wastes Management (CIWM) awards. More...
Published: Nov 12, 2014 10:43:00 AM
UCL backs proposed Cycle Superhighways
Image: a visualisation of proposed segregated two-way cycle track on Tower Hill
Published: Nov 6, 2014 5:17:00 PM
Will your department take part in UCL Green Impact?
Green Impact, UCL's annual sustainability programme is now live for the 2014-15 period, and all departments and divisions are encouraged to get involved. More...
Published: Oct 31, 2014 5:10:00 PM
Share your ideas to create a more sustainable UCL
The Sustainability Team are gathering ideas, views and insights into how we can all create a more sustainable UCL. After all, no one knows your departments, buildings and your work like you do. More...
Published: Oct 29, 2014 10:34:00 AM
Head of Department's environmental responsibilities
The new Head of Department responsibilities are defined in the UCL Academic Manual as follows:
10 Safety and Environmental Sustainability
10.1 The Head of Department will demonstrate commitment to UCL's published Health and Safety and Environmental Sustainability Policies by making, recording and ensuring the implementation of arrangements to meet the policies and associated UCL requirements.
10.2 The Head of Department will be required to set out and record a summary of the Department's priorities for improvement action in the current year which will reflect the outcomes from their annual review as well as the overall UCL Safety Objectives and Environmental Sustainability Strategy.
10.3 The Head of Department will ensure that their organisation is adequate to ensure that the departmental arrangements will be implemented to meet UCL requirements for Safety and Environmental Sustainability.
10.4 The Head of Department will be required to appoint a Departmental Safety Officer, a Departmental Environment Officer and other Nominated Persons specified by UCL Policy and requirements. (These Officers and Nominated Persons must be competent to advise the Head of Department of the arrangements within the Department which are necessary to discharge adequately the Head of Department's responsibilities.)
Departmental Environmental Responsibilities
Heads of Department, with support from their Departmental Environment Officer and/or Green Champions, now have a responsibility to:
1. Identify main team activities and associated environmental impacts/risks and identify priorities for improvement. It may help to consider your departments use of chemicals, fuel, oil, water, energy, what you buy and what you throw away
- You may be required to show evidence of how you have identified these priorities
- Ensure that arrangements are in place to manage environmental impacts/risks
- This might be in the form of procedures or roles and responsibilities for example
2. Record your environmental management arrangements on your departmental website i.e. name and contact details of the assigned Environment Officer, team and/or committee, key procedures
- The ES team will check this website to check that such arrangements are in place when planning annual departmental audits
3. Ensure that a member of the department includes sustainability at new staff/student inductions (ideally this would form part of the Head of Department talk)
- The ES team can support you if you are unsure what to cover
- This could be a departmental walk around for new staff, pointing out risks and opportunities, recycling facilities etc
- For students (and staff), you could direct them to the Green Awareness UCL course on Moodle
4. Ensure that sustainability is discussed as a team, either by adding to team/departmental meeting agenda as a standing item, or incorporating into other areas of discussion, or by having a dedicated meeting or committee


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Gaskins stressed, however, that more work is needed to better understand exactly how nutrition can affect sperm.
"This was a small study, and we don't know if there's something else about the men that causes them to have worse motility," she noted. "We don't know if nutrition actually causes the change. So, for now all we can say is that there's an association between nutrition and sperm quality."
On a similar front, a second study led by Dr. Jorge Chavarro, an assistant professor of nutrition and epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health, revealed that men who eat diets that contain a relatively high amount of trans fat had lower sperm concentration levels. What's more, the amount of trans fat found in their sperm and semen went up.
The conclusion was drawn from work with nearly 100 men, all of whom underwent a nutritional and semen quality analysis.
Even after adjusting for a wide array of factors such as age, drinking and smoking histories, BMI, caffeine intake and total calories consumed, the authors found that although trans-fat intake appeared to have no impact on sperm movement of shape, the more trans fatty acids consumed the lower an individual's sperm concentration.
Dr. Edward Kim, from the University of Tennessee's graduate school of medicine in Knoxville, reacted to both studies with enthusiasm and caution.
"I think that this research is certainly very suggestive that dietary factors may have an impact on male infertility," said Kim, who also serves as president of the Society for Male Reproduction and Urology.
"And the studies point us in a direction that suggest that a healthy lifestyle may correlate with better quality sperm," he added. "But clearly further research in this area is needed to come up with definitive conclusions."
Because both studies were presented at a medical meeting, the da
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Will Middlebrooks understands the deal.
"I know it's a cat-and-mouse game, for sure," he said recently.
This is the life of a major league rookie -- make adjustments, make them again and keep repeating the process. For his first 41 games, Middlebrooks weathered this storm about as well a major league first-timer could hope for. In his initial 21 games, he hit .306 with an .894 OPS and five homers. The second 20? It was .356 with a 1.022 OPS and four home runs.
But then Kevin Youkilis was traded.
In the seven games since the Red Sox' lineup merry-go-round ended thanks to Youkilis being dealt to the White Sox, leaving Middlebrooks as an everyday big league third baseman, the rookie has hit .148 with seven strikeouts, one walk and one home run. (Of some consolation is the fact the player he replaced is hitting .231 in his seven games with Chicago.)
The timing could be totally coincidental, but it's noteworthy nonetheless.
Middlebrooks and the Red Sox knew such a downturn would be inevitable at some point. It's just arrived at a somewhat inopportune moment considering the need for some sense of validation regarding the midseason maneuver. Before the trade, the 23-year-old hadn't gone more than two straight games without notching at least one hit. But one day after the deal, along came a first for the rookie -- zero hits in 11 straight at-bats.
"He has to make sure he doesn't get himself out and swing at strikes," Red Sox hitting coach Dave Magadan said regarding what Middlebrooks has to do to avoid prolonged bumps in the road. "As he progresses he's going to walk more. It's only natural in the way it happens with power guys, as teams start to fear him a little bit they become careful. He's got to keep swinging at strikes."
So, has chasing been the problem? According to BaseballAnalytics.org, Middlebrooks' chase percentage the last seven games has been at 28 percent, a significant jump from the 21 percent he totaled the previous month. Of his seven strikeouts over the span, five have come on offspeed pitches at which he has swung and missed.
In total, during his seven-game downturn, Middlebrooks hasn't swung and missed at any of the 57 fastballs he has seen. But he also hasn't managed a hit on any of the 22 heaters he has offered at. Translation: The righty hitter isn't squaring up the pitch against which he hit .474 on over the previous 18 games.
The three hits Middlebrooks has managed during the seven games post-Youkilis (single, double, home run) all came on sliders right down the heart of the plate.
Then, to add insult to injury, he came down with a hamstring injury late in the Red Sox' 3-2 win over the Mariners Sunday, forcing the rookie from the game.
But as difficult as it may be to understand now (with statistical comparisons to Youkilis taking place on a daily basis), this too shall pass. It usually does when you're talking about a talent like Middlebrooks.
"They basically try and mix it up on him," Magadan said. "He's shown he can hit the fastball on the inner-third of the plate. He's shown he can drive the slider or anything off-speed from a lefty the other way. He's a hard guy to pitch to because he has a decent enough idea of the strike zone and a good idea of what he's looking for and the discipline to take what he's not looking for and stay with his plan. He's got a really good idea of how he's being pitched. It's just a really good approach. The guys in the minor leagues did a great job with him because he's pretty polished."
To understand the kind of alterations opponents are making when facing Middlebrooks, all one has to do is look at Toronto's recent strategy against the third baseman. The Blue Jays were one of three teams (joining Miami and Baltimore) who had faced the rookie in more than one series, with Toronto advance scout (and former Red Sox catcher) Kevin Cash clearly taking note of what worked and what didn't the first time around against Middlebrooks.
"At their place they threw me cutters away, and [at Fenway Park] they tried coming in," he observed. "That was different than the last time."
Prior to the last week, Middlebrooks had clearly adjusted, with all 11 of his singles that reached the outfield in the previous 20 games going to either center or right field. It was a departure from his first 21 games, in which almost of his 26 hits were placed to left of center.
Now comes the second phase.
"With the technology now and the video stuff, it's easier than it used to be to make adjustment on [hitters]," Magadan said. "An advance scouting team can sit there and watch every one of his at-bats and see what he had trouble with. To me, that's a big advantage to the pitcher. You never know how a pitcher is going to pitch you and you can look at video for hours on end and a lot of times it doesn't translate to success against a pitcher. From a pitcher's end, you can see where to feed a guy into certain holes and if you can put it there you can get the guy out. But he's doing a good job."
Then there is the part of the game that has nothing to do with pitch selection.
"I feel like the biggest adjustment is getting used to the atmosphere," said Red Sox outfielder Ryan Kalish, who experienced the ups and downs of a rookie season in 2010. "The game never changes. Obviously the players are better and you have to make minor adjustments here and there, but it's about being able to handle the pressures of Boston. Obviously he's doing a really good job of slowing the game down, because that's something that can catch up to you."
Nobody -- including Middlebrooks -- said it was going to be easy.
"It's baseball," he said. "Every team has a different idea of how they're going to approach you. I just have to adjust."
We check in with the playmaker, Hall of Famer Michael Irvin joins us for his weekly conversation about the NFL. We talk to Michael about the Raiders first win, the LeGarrette Blount saga, and how Patriots-Lions might play out.
Just out of practice, Kyle Arrington joins the guys to preview Pats-Lions
WEEI.com's Mike Petraglia and Chris Price preview Sunday's Patriots-Lions game and discuss what the Pats offense needs to do against Detroit's front seven, as well as what the Pats defense can do against Calvin Johnson.
How have the Celtics looked after a couple weeks? Could they be a playoff team? These questions and more...
Sam and Ben talk with Greg Dickerson about how fun this year's Celtics team is to watch as well Jeff Green trade ideas.
Kyle Draper joins Danny Picard to talk about the Celtics chances this season in the Eastern Conference, last Wednesday's home opener blowout against the Nets, and Rajon Rondo's future in Boston
Red Sox beat writer Brian MacPherson joins Danny Picard to talk about the Red Sox going after Jon Lester and other free agents.
The Hot Stove guys are talking about Pablo Sandoval and Jon Lester's contract offers from the Red Sox. They then por one out for the Giancarlo Stanton rumors being put to bed.
The Hot Stove boys are back again, talking about Jon Lester, Pablo Sandoval, Giancarlo Stanton's b
Dale and Michael get Jack Edwards' 'state of the B' report and talk about the win over the Blues at the Garden on Tuesday.
Andy Brickley joined the show and touched on last night's convincing win over a good team, Matt Bartkowski needing a wake up call, and the NHL review process.
Pierre joins the guys to talk about the Bruins struggles, the NHL franchise in Las Vegas, and the return of the glow puck!
BC's head coach joined the show to preview the Florida State game.
Rodney Harrison previewed the Patriots and Lions with the guys.
The top stories of the as recounted by Kirk Minihane.
Detective Fauria tells us the infamous gloryhole story from VICE squad and other stories Christian's past.
Just out of practice, Kyle Arrington joins the guys to preview Pats-Lions
Christian in Foxboro returns, this time he's trolling Detroit sports radio station 97.1 The Ticket's Stoney and Bill show . Christian rips Lions fans and asks why his nephew, Joseph, isn't getting the ball more.
We check in with the playmaker Michael Irvin for his weekly update on all things NFL. We talk to Michael about the Raiders first win, the LeGarrette Blount saga, and how the Pats will do against the Lions this weekend.
Michael and Dale discuss Jonas Gray's tardiness, and try and predict how the running-back will respond and make up for his error.
We talk with Tom E Curran and debate whether or not the Patriots current performance is more reminiscent of the 2004 or 2007 Patriots.
Brandon covers the NFL, particularly the Detroit Lions for Bleacher Report. He gives us his thoughts on this Sunday's game and how the Lions stack up against the Patriots.
Mikey, Villani, Lenny and Kerry Byrne are talking Patriots-Lions and how the team this year stacks up to Patriots teams of the past.
Some more Musical Mikey Magic to get ready for Sunday's Patriots-Lions game.
Jerry Thornton's first podcast explores sports stories that would make for interesting 30 for 30 documentaries.
Andy Merritt of the New England Hockey Journal joined WEEI.com's Scott McLaughlin to talk about the play of Vermont and Providence, as well as other happenings around Hockey East. Merrimack coach Mark Dennehy also joined the show to talk about his team's good start, his freshman class and how he uses possession stats.
Joining the show today Mut the all-purpose back of WEEI. We talk about players we have hated over the years as well as Rajon Rondo and what is ailing the Celtics.
Christian in Foxboro returns, this time he's trolling Detroit sports radio station WDFN's Shep in the Morning Show. Christian rips Lions fans and asks why his nephew, Joseph, isn't getting the ball more.More from this show
Adam Schefter joins the guys to give his prediction for Pats-Lions, talks about the snow in Buffalo, and the Adrian Peterson saga.More from this show
The guys opened the show discussing the Raiders win over the Chiefs.More from this show
Bradford joined the show with the latest on the Red Sox off-season moves.More from this show
Rodney Harrison previewed the Patriots and Lions with the guys.More from this show


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November 26, 2014
What: Marcus Theaters Summer Film Series\
Where: Cedar Creek Cinema, Mosinee
When: July 15 & 16, 10 a.m.
Info: "Surf's Up" - Seats just $3, Popcorn Included
What: Concerts on the Square
Where: City Square, Wausau
When: July 15, 6-8 p.m.
Info: Green Tea, Central Wisconsin's Premiere World Beat Celtic Band
Preforms. Event is Free
What: Concerts in the Park
Where: George Scherer Athletic Park, Greenwood
When: July 15, 7:30 p.m.
Info: Jim Radloff, Ragtime Pianist Performs
What: Rock Fest
Where: Cadott, WI
When: July 15-19
Info: For Artist Schedule, Click the "Rock Fest" Link Below
What: Wisconsin Rapids Water Ski Tournament
Where: Lake Wazeecha in Wisconsin Rapids
When: July 16-19
Info: Click the "Water Ski Show" Link Below for More Information
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or email@example.com.


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beardeus, curious what part
Submitted by Ira Freeman on Wed, 06/27/2012 - 14:43. Permalink
beardeus, curious what part of the state you are in, if you care to share. I'm trying to get a few people together that need deep wells drilled and maybe we can save some money.... Here's hoping anyway!
"It is difficult to free fools from the chains they revere".
It's hard not to be a menace to society when half the population is happy on their knees. - unknown
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text:
So Nasty And So Rude: Nicki Minaj Goes HAM On A Reporter For Asking Her About Iggy Azalea Beef 'I Feel Embarrassed'
Posted on November 26th, 2014 - By Bossip Staff
Categories: Bangers, Did You Know, For Your Information, News, out of pocket, Really????, Shady, SMH, The Side-eye, What the Hell???, What Were You Thinking?, What You Know About It?
I feel embarrassed to have supported her as a fan…"
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All About Cosmetic is totally focused on beauty enhancements that fend off aging, acne, and other annoyances. So committed to beauty is the boutique that its staffers man a 24-hour hotline to answer make-up, weight-loss, or general beauty questions at any time of day or night. They also like to put their money where their mouth is with a slew of services. In addition to laser treatments that remove hair and tighten the skin, they also support weight loss efforts with Lollolight hunger-suppressant lollipops. When used along with a proper diet and exercises, these treats curb appetites and come in a variety delicious flavors such as strawberry, butterscotch, and watermelon.
Headed by doctor duo James Kojian, MD, and Cecilia Gutierrez, RN, BSN, the medically trained nurses and physicians assistants at The Rejuvenation Center smooth out epidermal planes with ultramodern medical products and technology. An arsenal of lasers wrenches back the hands of time, tackling acne and wrinkles with equal aplomb and also removing body hair and contouring faces. Injectables, dermal fillers, and chemical peels from brands such as SkinMedica and Apeele enhance mugs and attract celebrity clientele. The center counts model and reality star Brittany Binger as a fan of its chemical peel and laser hair removal. Many of the center?s procedures are mostly painless and require little downtime, allowing for immediate stunt doubling as a surfboard in live reenactments of Point Break.
Founder Ande Akinrele opened i Medspa after spending more than 20 years working in the international health and beauty industry in Belgium, England, and West Africa. Her close-knit staff?which includes physicians, physician assistants, nurses, medical aesthetician, and resident puppet?specializes in FDA-approved laser services such as IPL photofacials, acne treatments, medical weight loss, botox and filler treatments, and laser hair removal. More traditional spa services include facials, diamond-tip microdermabrasion, and chemical peels combining glycolic and salicylic acids. To help clients maintain their results at home, i Medspa sells pharmaceutical or medical-grade skincare lines such as Epionce, Obagi, and Glo-minerals makeup.
Sci-fi movies make it seem like a collection of lasers could only belong to a villain who?s up to no good. However, at Dr. Laser, the stockpile of Candela GentleLase, Lumenis LightSheer, Lutroinc Spectra, and Hoya ConBio lasers are used only for good. Dr. Richard Mantell uses beams of light to zap unwanted body hair or break up permanent ink after a falling out with a former favorite anchor. IPL and laser skin rejuvenation treatments rejuvenate appearance by removing acne, scarring, signs of aging, and discolorations, and the staff uses products from Obagi to clear facial surfaces and Latisse elixirs to grow lashes. In addition to laser treatments, Dr. Laser also offers juvederm and botox treatments to help smooth fine lines and wrinkles.
As a physician who's double-board-certified in anesthesia and laser surgery, Dr. Gail Humble has found that her expertise is in demand. She's shared her knowledge in the pages of such press outlets as the Los Angeles Daily News and Skin & Aging magazine, and she's even appeared on Extra and other television shows. When she's not demonstrating her methods to the public, Dr. Humble's treating such skin problems as wrinkles, scarring, and varicose veins with the services that she determines will be most effective for each patient?especially for patients who write her nice cards that use the word "cool-tacular" a lot. One such method, Botox, reduces the appearance of fine lines by weakening the muscle activity that causes wrinkles. Meanwhile, IPL and Laser Genesis treatments promote collagen production and make the skin appear tighter, and facial peels remove the skin's damaged outer layers.
You can probably guess from their name that DermFx works beautifying magic on skin?and you'd be right. With laser- and light-based treatments such as Fraxel and the smooth beam, skin-tightening Ulthera ultrasound treatments and chemical peels, and proprietary take-home products, the med spa keeps skin soft, smooth, and turbulence-free. But that's hardly all. From non-surgical Botox to LightSheer laser hair removal, the medical professionals use cutting-edge technologies to deliver stunning outcomes all over the body.


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text: Storing Data: Disks and Files Chapter 9 1 General Overview • Relational model - SQL – Formal & commercial query languages • Functional Dependencies • Normalization • Physical Design • Indexing • Query evaluation Application Oriented • Query optimization • …. Systems Oriented 2 Data Organization Key points 1. Storage Media • "Memory hierarchy" • Efficient/reliable transfer of data between disks and main memory – Hardware techniques (RAID disks) – Software techniques (Buffer mgmt) 2. Storage strategies for relations-file organization • Representation of tuples on disks • Storage of tuples in pages, clustering. 3 CPU Typical Computer ... C M ... Secondary Storage 4 Storage Media: Players • Cache – fastest and most costly form of storage; volatile; managed by the computer system hardware. • Main memory: – fast access (10s to 100s of nanoseconds; 1 nanosecond = 10–9 seconds) – generally too small (or too expensive) to store the entire database – Volatile — contents of main memory are usually lost if a power failure or system crash occurs. – But… CPU operates only on data in main memory 5 Storage Media: Players • Disk – Primary medium for the long-term storage of data; typically stores entire database. – random-access – possible to read data on disk in any order, unlike magnetic tape – Non-volatile: data survive a power failure or a system crash, disk failure less likely than them 6 Memory Hierarchy cache Main memory Volatile disk Non-volatile Optical storage Tapes Traveling the hierarchy: 1. speed ( higher=faster) 2. cost (lower=cheaper) 3. volatility (between MM and Disk) 4. Data transfer (Main memory the "hub") 5. Storage classes (P=primary, S=secondary, T=tertiary) 7 Memory Hierarchy • Data transfers – cache – mm : OS/hardware controlled – mm – disk : <- reads, -> writes controlled by DBMS – disk – CD-Rom or DVD – disk – Tapes Backups (off-line) 8 Disks, Memory, and Files The BIG picture… Query Optimization and Execution Relational Operators Files and Access Methods Buffer Management Disk Space Management DB 9 Disks and Files • DBMS stores information on disks. – In an electronic world, disks are a mechanical anachronism! • This has major implications for DBMS design! – READ: transfer data from disk to main memory (RAM). – WRITE: transfer data from RAM to disk. – Both are high-cost operations, relative to in-memory operations, so must be planned carefully! 10 Why Not Store Everything in Main Memory? • Costs too much. (compared to disk) • Main memory is volatile. We want data to be saved between runs. (Obviously!) • Typical storage hierarchy: – Main memory (RAM) for currently used data. – Disk for the main database (secondary storage). – Tapes for archiving older versions of the data (tertiary storage) 11 Disks • Secondary storage device of choice. • Main advantage over tapes: random access vs. sequential. • Data is stored and retrieved in units called disk blocks or pages. • Unlike RAM, time to retrieve a disk block varies depending upon location on disk. – Therefore, relative placement of blocks on disk has major impact on DBMS performance! 12 Hard Disk Mechanism 13 Components of a Disk Spindle Tracks Disk head The platters spin (say, 120 rps). The arm assembly is moved Sector in or out to position a head on a desired track. Tracks under heads make a cylinder (imaginary!). Platters Arm movement Only one head reads/writes at any one time. Arm assembly Block size is a multiple of sector size (which is fixed). 14 Read-write head Positioned very close to the platter surface (almost touching it) Surface of platter divided into circular tracks Each track is divided into sectors. A sector is the smallest unit of data that can be read or written. To read/write a sector disk arm swings to position head on right track platter spins continually; data is read/written as sector passes under head Block: a sequence of sectors Cylinder i consists of ith track of all the platters 15 "Typical" Values Diameter: 1 inch 15 inches Cylinders: 100 2000 Surfaces: 1 or 2 (Tracks/cyl) 2 (floppies) 30 Sector Size: 512B 50K Capacity: a few hundred GBs a few Terabytes 16 Accessing a Disk Page • Time to access (read/write) a disk block: – seek time (moving arms to position disk head on track) – rotational delay (waiting for block to rotate under head) – transfer time (actually moving data to/from disk surface) • Seek time and rotational delay dominate. – Seek time varies between about 0.3 and 10msec – Rotational delay varies from 0 to 6msec – Transfer rate around .008msec per 8K block • Key to lower I/O cost: reduce seek/rotation delays! Hardware vs. software solutions? 17 Example ST3120022A : Barracuda 7200.7 Capacity:120 GB Interface: Ultra ATA/100 RPM: 7200 RPM Seek time: 8.5 ms avg Latency time?: 7200/60 = 120 rotations/sec 1 rotation in 8.3 ms => So, Av. Latency = 4.16 ms 18 Arranging Pages on Disk • `Next' block concept: – blocks on same track, followed by – blocks on same cylinder, followed by – blocks on adjacent cylinder • Blocks in a file should be arranged sequentially on disk (by `next'), to minimize seek and rotational delay. • For a sequential scan, pre-fetching several pages at a time is a big win! 19 Random vs sequential i/o • Ex: 1 KB Block • Random I/O: 15 ms. • Sequential I/O: 1 ms. Rule of Random I/O: Expensive Thumb Sequential I/O: Much less ~10-20 times 20 Disk Space Management • Lowest layer of DBMS software manages space on disk (using OS file system or not?). • Higher levels call upon this layer to: – allocate/de-allocate a page – read/write a page • Best if a request for a sequence of pages is satisfied by pages stored sequentially on disk! – Responsibility of disk space manager. – Higher levels don't know how this is done, or how free space is managed. – Though they may assume sequential access for files! • Hence disk space manager should do a decent job. 21 Performance Measures (Cont.) • Mean time to failure (MTTF) – the average time the disk is expected to run continuously without any failure. – Typically 5 to 10 years – Probability of failure of new disks is quite low, corresponding to a "theoretical MTTF" of 30,000 to 1,200,000 hours for a new disk • E.g., an MTTF of 1,200,000 hours for a new disk means that given 1000 relatively new disks, on an average one will fail every 1200 hours – MTTF decreases as disk ages 22 Context Query Optimization and Execution Relational Operators Files and Access Methods Buffer Management Disk Space Management DB 23 Buffer Management in a DBMS Page Requests from Higher Levels BUFFER POOL disk page free frame MAIN MEMORY DISK choice of frame dictated DB by replacement policy • Data must be in RAM for DBMS to operate on it! • Buffer Mgr hides the fact that not all data is in RAM 24 When a Page is Requested ... • Buffer pool information table contains: <frame#, pageid, pin_count, dirty> • If requested page is not in pool: – Choose a frame for replacement. Only "un-pinned" pages are candidates! – If frame is "dirty", write it to disk – Read requested page into chosen frame • Pin the page and return its address. If requests can be predicted (e.g., sequential scans) pages can be pre-fetched several pages at a time! 25 More on Buffer Management • Requestor of page must eventually unpin it, and indicate whether page has been modified: – dirty bit is used for this. • Page in pool may be requested many times, – a pin count is used. – To pin a page, pin_count++ – A page is a candidate for replacement iff pin count == 0 ("unpinned") • CC & recovery may entail additional I/O when a frame is chosen for replacement. – Write-Ahead Log protocol; more later! 26 Buffer Replacement Policy • Frame is chosen for replacement by a replacement policy: – Least-recently-used (LRU), MRU, Clock, etc. • Policy can have big impact on # of I/O's; depends on the access pattern. 27 LRU Replacement Policy • Least Recently Used (LRU) – for each page in buffer pool, keep track of time when last unpinned – replace the frame which has the oldest (earliest) time – very common policy: intuitive and simple • Works well for repeated accesses to popular pages • Problems? • Problem: Sequential flooding – LRU + repeated sequential scans. – # buffer frames < # pages in file means each page request causes an I/O. – Idea: MRU better in this scenario? 28 DBMS vs. OS File System OS does disk space & buffer mgmt: why not let OS manage these tasks? • Some limitations, e.g., files can't span disks. • Buffer management in DBMS requires ability to: – pin a page in buffer pool, force a page to disk & order writes (important for implementing CC & recovery) – adjust replacement policy, and pre-fetch pages based on access patterns in typical DB operations. 29 Context Query Optimization and Execution Relational Operators Files and Access Methods Buffer Management Disk Space Management DB 30 Files of Records • Blocks interface for I/O, but… • Higher levels of DBMS operate on records, and files of records. • FILE: A collection of pages, each containing a collection of records. Must support: – insert/delete/modify record – fetch a particular record (specified using record id) – scan all records (possibly with some conditions on the records to be retrieved) 31 Unordered (Heap) Files • Simplest file structure contains records in no particular order. • As file grows and shrinks, disk pages are allocated and de- allocated. • To support record level operations, we must: – keep track of the pages in a file – keep track of free space on pages – keep track of the records on a page • There are many alternatives for keeping track of this. – We'll consider 2 32 Heap File Implemented as a List Data Data Data Full Pages Page Page Page Header Page Data Data Data Pages with Page Page Page Free Space • The header page id and Heap file name must be stored someplace. – Database "catalog" • Each page contains 2 `pointers' plus data. 33 Heap File Using a Page Directory Data Header Page 1 Page Data Page 2 Data DIRECTORY Page N • The entry for a page can include the number of free bytes on the page. • The directory is a collection of pages; linked list implementation is just one alternative. – Much smaller than linked list of all HF pages! 34 Indexes (a sneak preview) • A Heap file allows us to retrieve records: – by specifying the rid, or – by scanning all records sequentially • Sometimes, we want to retrieve records by specifying the values in one or more fields, e.g., – Find all students in the "CS" department – Find all students with a gpa > 3 • Indexes are file structures that enable us to answer such value-based queries efficiently. 35 Record Formats: Fixed Length F1 F2 F3 F4 L1 L2 L3 L4 Base address (B) Address = B+L1+L2 • Information about field types same for all records in a file; stored in system catalogs. • Finding i'th field done via arithmetic. 36 Record Formats: Variable Length • Two alternative formats (# fields is fixed): F1 F2 F3 F4 $ $ $ $ Fields Delimited by Special Symbols F1 F2 F3 F4 Array of Field Offsets Second offers direct access to i'th field, efficient storage of nulls (special don't know value); small directory overhead. 37 Page Formats: Fixed Length Records Slot 1 Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 2 Free ... Space ... Slot N Slot N Slot M N 1 . . . 0 1 1M number M ... 3 2 1 number PACKED of records UNPACKED, BITMAP of slots Record id = <page id, slot #>. In first alternative, moving records for free space management changes rid; may not be acceptable. 38 Variable Length Records • Find an empty slot of the just right length • Ensure that all the free space on the page is contiguous • Idea: – Dictionary of slots with format as <record offset, record length) – Record offset is the offset in bytes from the start of the data area on the page to the start of the record. – Deletion is achieved by setting record offset to -1. 39 Page Formats: Variable Length Records Rid = (i,N) Offset of Page i Records From start of free Rid = (i,2) Space (data area) Rid = (i,1) 20 16 24 N Pointer N ... 2 1 # slots to start of free space SLOT DIRECTORY Can move records on page without changing rid; so, attractive for fixed-length records too. Any other possible variation? Store the record length at the beginning 40 of the record Variable Length Records: Dynamic Update Initial Page: Rid = (i,4) Rid = (i,2) Rid = (i,3) Rid = (i,1) 12 bytes 5 bytes 8 bytes 10 bytes 0, 10 18, 12 10, 8 30, 5 4 35 Page i 41 Variable Length Records: Deletion After the deletion of Rid=(i,2): Rid = (i,4) Rid = (i,3) Rid = (i,1) 12 bytes 5 bytes 10 bytes 0, 10 10, 12 -1, -1 22, 5 4 27 Page i 42 Variable Length Records: Insertion After the insertion of a new record of 5 bytes: Rid = (i,4) Rid = (i,3) Rid = (i,1) Rid = (i,2) 12 bytes 5 bytes 5 bytes 10 bytes 0, 10 10, 12 27, 5 22, 5 4 32 Page i 43 Deletion • Leave the slot and don't remove the slot – Why? As doing so will change the rids of the records pointed to by the subsequent slots – The only way to remove a slot from the slot directory is to remove the last slot if the corresponding record is deleted – Insertion does not have to create a new slot in the slot dictionary: scan for a "free" slot – In cases where we don't care about rid, we can compact the slot dictionary after the delete, e.g., B+ tree with pointers in the leaf entry 44 System Catalogs • For each relation: – name, file location, file structure (e.g., Heap file) – attribute name and type, for each attribute – index name, for each index – integrity constraints • For each index: – structure (e.g., B+ tree) and search key fields • For each view: – view name and definition • Plus statistics, authorization, buffer pool size, etc. Catalogs are themselves stored as relations! 45 Attr_Cat(attr_name, rel_name, type, position) attr_name rel_name type position attr_name Attribute_Cat string 1 rel_name Attribute_Cat string 2 type Attribute_Cat string 3 position Attribute_Cat integer 4 sid Students string 1 name Students string 2 login Students string 3 age Students integer 4 gpa Students real 5 fid Faculty string 1 fname Faculty string 2 sal Faculty real 3 46 Summary • Disks provide cheap, non-volatile storage. – Random access, but cost depends on location of page on disk; important to arrange data sequentially to minimize seek and rotation delays. • Buffer manager brings pages into RAM. – Page stays in RAM until released by requestor. – Written to disk when frame chosen for replacement (which is sometime after requestor releases the page). – Choice of frame to replace based on replacement policy. – Tries to pre-fetch several pages at a time. 47 Summary (Contd.) • DBMS vs. OS File Support – DBMS needs features not found in many OS's, e.g., forcing a page to disk, controlling the order of page writes to disk, files spanning disks, ability to control pre-fetching and page replacement policy based on predictable access patterns, etc. • Variable length record format with field offset directory offers support for direct access to i'th field and null values. • Slotted page format supports variable length records and allows records to move on page. 48 Summary (Contd.) • File layer keeps track of pages in a file, and supports abstraction of a collection of records. – Pages with free space identified using linked list or directory structure (similar to how pages in file are kept track of). • Indexes support efficient retrieval of records based on the values in some fields. • Catalog relations store information about relations, indexes and views. (Information that is common to all records in a given collection.) 49


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Book your room at Bura Resort, Chiang Rai
Standard RoomMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 1 infant)
Water Front VillaMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 1 infant)
Deluxe Water FrontMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 1 infant)
Hotel with a lazy river, in Chiang Rai (Ban Du)
This hotel is located in Chiang Rai (Ban Du), near the airport and Pongphrabath Waterfall. Area attractions also include Chiangrai Rajabhat University and Mae Fah Luang University.
Hotel Features
In addition to a restaurant, Bura Resort, Chiang Rai features a lazy river. Other amenities include a garden and tour/ticket assistance.
Room Amenities
Guestrooms open to furnished balconies with river views.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
At your hotel
At your hotel
The hotel offers a restaurant. This Chiang Rai hotel also offers tour/ticket assistance and a garden.
- Restaurant
- Garden
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Lazy river
- One meeting room
In your room
- Furnished balcony
Eat and drink
Bura Resort, Chiang Rai has a restaurant on site.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Hiking/biking trails on site
The fine print for Bura Resort, Chiang Rai
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.


text:
NY - Brooklyn teacher arrested for abusing a student, SNAP responds
A music teacher in Brooklyn has been arrested on charges he pressured a member of his teen choir into a sexual relationship.Read more
FL - SNAP pushes for compassion from supporters of accused pastor
After reading details of this case, we are bracing for more victim-blaming and accusations that the two victims in this case had made up or exaggerated their claims against Darrel Vincent Moore. We urge those who want to support Rev. Moore to do so in private and avoid public displays of support that will only serve to intimidate victims and other potential witnesses.Read more
IL - SNAP to Moose International: "End the delays and remove Airey now"
A week ago, a doctor filed a child sex abuse lawsuit against the CEO of Moose International. It's time for action. The Moose board should suspend its CEO.Read more
IL - Abusive priest wins court ruling, SNAP responds
It'll be a merry Christmas for a convicted child molesting Catholic priest. He gets to keep both his secrets and his pay. For the second time this month, a judge has ruled in favor of Fr. Kenneth Martin. First, he was allowed to keep his personnel records private. And yesterday, he was awarded his paycheck.Read more
OH - SNAP calls for action at Steubenville High
A lengthy New York Times story this week provides chilling details about the rape of a girl and the inadequate response to that crime by Steubenville school officials.Read more
Aus- Catholic University approved research into paedophile clergy, SNAP responds
Once again, evidence surfaces that Catholic officials deliberately hid known and suspected child sex crimes from law enforcement officials. It's particularly disturbing, however, that academics played a role in this reckless deception.Read more
MS - Trial against John Langworthy set to proceed, SNAP responds
We are grateful that the case against Rev. John Langworthy will move forward. Delaying or denying the trial would only have endangered kids and hurt victims.Read more
MS - Victims urge "action," not "waiting" in child sex abuse case
A Hinds County judge will decide whether Rev. John Langworthy, who has admitted to "sexual indiscretions" with boys in Mississippi and Texas will be prosecuted or freed.Read more
OH - Ex-Ohio priest admits molesting kids; SNAP responds
A priest who studied and worked in Columbus "had a series of inappropriate experiences with teenage boys" taking at least three of them "on overnight trips, intent on teaching them how to masturbate." He also claims he was "bullied by fellow classmates into (masturbating) at his Catholic high school in Columbus" (according to news accounts this morning).Read more
WA - Diocese of Yakima discloses abuse by priest, SNAP responds
While we're glad Yakima Catholic officials admit that Fr. Hilario Ramirez is a credibly accused child molester, we're sad that they've delayed this disclosure for months and are apparently refusing to give many details.Read more
KY - Judge sets trial date for priest with illness, SNAP applauds decision
We are glad that a trial date for the case against Fr. James Schook has been set. Justice for his victims shouldn't be further delayed or potentially lost simply because Schook is in ill health. Trials are meant to bring closure for the abused, not comfort for the abuser. Further delays are unnecessarily hurtful to Fr. Schook's victims.Read more
NY - Diocese of Rockville Centre knew of abusive priest's history
A priest that was suspended from the Diocese of Vancouver for sexual impropriety and later resurfaced in Long Island, NY is now being sued by one of his victims.Read more


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Adj. Describing a cool kid, based on the coolest kid on the world, who might as well be treated like a King.
Dude, that kid just got a new car. He's like the Gio Gonzalez of the school.
by rctfreak123 October 22, 2010
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La version du navigateur que vous utilisez n'est pas recommandée pour ce site.Nous vous conseillons de mettre à niveau vers la version la plus récente de votre navigateur en cliquant sur l'un des liens suivants.
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Intel® IXP400 Software V2.0: Programmer's Guide1.0 IntroductionThis chapter contains important information to help you learn about and use the Intel® IXP400 software version 2.0 release.1.1 Versions Supported by this DocumentThis programmer's guide is intended to be used in conjunction with software release 2.0. Always refer to the accompanying release notes for the latest information regarding the proper documentation sources to be used.Previous versions of the programmer's guide for earlier Intel IXP400 software releases can be found on the following Web site:http://developer.intel.com/design/network/products/npfamily/docs/ixp4xx.htmTo identify your version of software:1. Open the file ixp400_xscale_sw/src/include/IxVersionId.h.2. Check the value of IX_VERSION_ID.1.2 Hardware Supported by this ReleaseThe Intel IXP400 software v2.0 release supports the following processors:• All IXP42X product line of network processors and IXC1100 control plane processor• All variants of the IXP46X product line of network processorsWarning: Processor capabilities differ between processor product lines or processor variants. Not all capabilities of the processor may be supported by this software release.Read the full Intel® IXP400 Software V2.0 Programmer's Guide.
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AOpen's solutions, powered by 4th gen Intel® Core™ processors, deliver responsive content.
A discussion of experimental techniques for rapid mitigation of phishing and spam. (v.1 June 2009)
To better understand how Intel® multi-core creates expansiveness and efficiency simultaneously, this brief summation defines advantages, identifies complexities, and cites industry use.
Shows how to view tasks on VxWorks and compile objects exposed to debugging. (v.1, June 2009)
Shows how to view tasks on Linux and compile objects exposed to debugging. (v.1, June 2009)
Webinar details AltiVec* SIMD macros translator migration to Intel® processors. (v.1, May 2009)


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Nov 18 2014
NYIT Celebrates International Education Week
NYIT Celebrates International Education Week
Men's Soccer Wins ECC Championship with 1-0 Victory over LIU Post
Dr. Jerry Balentine New Vice President for Medical Affairs and Global Health
NYIT Management Students Advance to Fed Challenge Semi-Finals
NYIT's STEAM Career Fair Links Students to Employers
Device Control for Energy Efficiency and Demand Response
Movember Celebration
Job Search Strategies
Head in the Cloud? Protecting Your Privacy in a Mobile World
Give 'Em the Business: Resources for Management Students
Alternate sources of energy, experimental vehicles, automated energy control systems, and advanced resource recovery facilities have been developed in order to maximize the efficiency of energy utilization. The Advanced Certificate in Energy Technology requires 18 credits of graduate coursework in energy technology and related areas.
All course selections must be approved by the Energy Management Program Director. For more information, please contact the department.


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EXCLUSIVE: IDF c'tee reimposes multiple life sentences on Schalit deal rearrested Palestinians
IDF shoots Palestinian in Gaza in first fatality since war, Palestinians say
State charges border policeman with manslaughter in death of Palestinian minor
Erdan revokes resident status from man who aided terrorist in 2001 Dolphinarium attack
Palestinians say settlers set fire to house near Ramallah
Arab Israeli arrested for traveling to Syria, joining ISIS
Cabinet approves 'Jewish state bill'
Netanyahu: 'Jewish State bill' reflects values I support
Cabinet set to vote on controversial 'Jewish State bill'
With growing privatization in healthcare, insurance costs reach new high
Health Scan: BGU course makes med students more empathetic
The toilet taboo
Pro-public health advocates battle against private-medicine lobbying and ad campaign
'Leviathan gas reservoir to begin flowing by early 2018'
New kid's Israeli archaeology game launched for iPhone
Green Knesset advances as MKs replace paper with iPads
Zion Tech: Our Israeli start-up of the week aims to revolutionize therapy access
A taste Of Poland
Still keeping his ear to the ground
James Blunt is coming to get 'high' in Tel Aviv
Staging music
Rishon's credentials to come under scrutiny vs J'lem
Vermut clinches dramatic win for Hapoel TA
Beitar-Sakhnin match to draw tight security amid rising Jewish-Arab tensions
Yellow-and-blue survives scare to beat Limoges
A View from Down Under: Anti-Semitism rising in NZ
Skin in the game
Hollywood turns its lonely eyes to Mike Nichols
Possible Nazi art transfer riles Jewish groups
'Brussels museum attack could have been prevented'
Iran and world powers set to miss nuclear talks deadline, seek extension, sources say
Egypt would send troops to future Palestinian state if all parties agree, Sisi says
Day before deadline, Netanyahu says bad nuclear deal with Iran will endanger entire world
Iran: Nuclear deal with major powers 'impossible' by deadline
Guantanamo Bay inmate released to Saudi Arabia
No chicken on Shabbat?
Letters: November 23
Rabbi Aryeh Stern – a model of humility
Assessing the GDP
Into the Fray: The Arabs' war against the Jews and what must be done
Wishful doing
Cinema of reconciliation
On the volcano's edge
Knowledge, power and abuse
Q&A with a Colombian lone soldier
European Press: Dividing line
Veterans: Keeping an ear out for change
Book Review: Written from his heart
This Week in Jerusalem
Who is your God?
Grapevine: Amazing place
A voice from India
Happily Eva After: When the going gets tough...
Grapevine: Reclaiming our heritage
Upscale dining in Neveh Tzedek
Recognizing Palestine – anomalies and ambiguities
Dacca fighting New Delhi's war too
A war for the soul of Israel's Arab community
Iran and the West – how big a gap?
A song for Cheshvan: 'The Eucalyptus Grove'
דְיוֹקְנְאוֹת תַרְבּוּת
מָה הַסִיפּוּר?
הָאַרְכִיוֹן שֶל רוֹמַן וִישְנִיָאק
Har Nof in flames
Q&A with a Guatemalan combat soldier
Meet the Ambassador: No longer a conference diplomat
'Post' leads the way with new podcast
Grapevine: The highest accolade of all
The secret of Jewish survival
Tempête au sein de la coalition
Crise de confiance
Qui prendra la relève de Mahmoud Abbas ?
Arafat, Abbas, même combat ?
Daniel Oren, maestro d'Israël, d'Italie et d'ailleurs !
Nos plus belles années ?
De Berlin à New York, 1920-1975
Le pogrome de Constantine
Le pot de chocolat liégeois par qui le scandale arrive
Le dernier kibboutz
La course aux étoiles
Les mordus du français
On n'invite pas un pyromane à éteindre un incendie
Tuer l'EI dans l'œuf
Le mont du Temple et la guerre sainte de l'islam
Les attentats du lundi 10 novembre vus par la presse française
L'Europe, nouvelle alliée d'Abbas ?
Ces enseignants-éclaireurs
Temple Mount: Common ground between Jews and Christians
Pope Francis condemns Palestinian violence
Last Christian shop-owners in Old City: 'Tourists afraid of the politics'
Kurdish refugees struggle to survive as they outrun Assad's army and ISIS
Discover Ramla from a Christian persepective
KKL Belgium Donates Portable Bomb Shelter to Kiryat Gat
KKL-JNF Awards 2014 Blumberg Prize
Exploring the Ilanot Botanical Garden and the Vickar Observation Point
Cornerstone Laid for Sports Rehab Park at Meir Hospital
Mexican Politician and Business Leader Miguel Aleman Velasco Visits KKL-JNF in Jerusalem
International Conference in Sde Boker: Combating Desertification Together
Rehabilitation of the Lower Jordan: Bringing the River Back to Life
Central America Celebrates Independence at the Rabin Center
In his Footsteps: Heritage Excursions in Memory of Yitzhak Rabin
Cleanup Day Activities in Central Israel
International Cleanup Day: Cleaning Together in Northern Israel
KKL-JNF's Eyes in the Forest - The Horshim Forest Green Patrol
Israel Today and Tomorrow: KKL France Mission Visits Israel
Start-up Israel: KKL Italy November Mission Learns about Israel's Past and Future
KKL-JNF and Desert Agriculture Latin American Diplomats visit the Negev
A Successful Annual Fundraising Event for KKL Milan
Living Green in Israel: the Contest and the Winners
Addressing Climate Change Conference
Nurturing the Foresters of the Future
Saving the Sabras
11.23.2014 | 1 Kislev, 5775
Rioting resumes throughout east Jerusalem Saturday night
MK calls to ban Secret smartphone application
Confirmed: Body of Aaron Sofer found in Jerusalem Forest
US: Israeli police harassing another Abu Khdeir cousin
With another yeshiva student arrested, haredi 'draft dodgers' could soon number in hundreds
Missing American's parents meet with Jerusalem police chief
Ayala Hasson, first woman to head Channel One News Division
Bar-Lev: Allow siblings' names on IDF headstones
Sa'ar denies presidential deal with haredim
Police heighten security ahead of haredi protest in capital
Analysis: US tries policy of 'shame' to stem Chinese cyber-hacking
Israeli nightlife figure found dead in Tel Aviv apartment in apparent murder
National News
07/22/2013 20:04
The state of Christianity in Israel
christian leaders meet 370.
(photo credit:Daniel K. Eisenbud)
Leading Christian clerics of varying denominations expressed concern Monday
about challenges facing Christians living in Israel, including limited housing
and job opportunities, a general misunderstanding about them among Israelis, and
the peace process.Luminaries within the Lutheran, Latin, Greek Orthodox
and Evangelical sectors met with international journalists in Jerusalem's Old
City to discuss Christianity's current state of affairs in the Holy Land. The
meeting was sponsored by the Government Press Office.According to a 2012
report by the Central Bureau of Statistics there are 158,000 Christians living
in the country, representing two percent of the total population.Of that
population, approximately 80 percent are Arabs, with the remainder mostly
immigrants from the former Soviet Union who immigrated under the Law of
Return.At Notre Dame Center in Jerusalem Monday morning Father Pietro
Felet, of the Assembly of Catholic Ordinaries of the Holy Land, said the
Christian community living in Israel is having trouble defining itself due to
its numerous denominations."We're having some difficulties in defining
ourselves in the Holy Land," said Felet. "We are not a national church, we are a
mixture of Arab Christians, Hebrew-speaking Christians and Christians from the
former Soviet Republic. About 45% are Catholic, 40% are Orthodox and 20% fall
under the category of 'other.'" Most Christian Arabs live in northern Israel,
the CBS report states. The cities with the largest Christian populations are
Nazareth, with 22,400, Haifa with 14,400, Jerusalem with 11,700 and Shfaram with
9,400.While the Christian population is growing at a rate of 1.3%
annually, it lags behind Jewish and Muslim growth, which is 1.8% and 2.5%,
respectively, according to the report.Due to the fractured nature of the
Church, Felet emphasized the importance of engendering greater understanding of
the Christian presence in Israel."Above all, we are living in a
pilgrimage place, because from here all things begin," he said." Understanding
is the basis for coexistence and our goal is to promote further understanding of
the Christian presence in the Holy Land."Father Pierbattista Pizzaballa,
of St. Savior's Monastery in the Old City, discussed the historically tenuous
relationship between Christians and Jews, although he noted a marked improvement
over the past 50 years."The history between the Church and Judaism is
well known," said Pizzaballa. "In the last 50 years relations have changed
dramatically for the better, but the past was painful – was
difficult.""Of course the problems are always there because you can't
change the problems of 2,000 years in 50 years," he added.While
Pizzaballa conceded that "many things remain to be done," he noted that the
Catholic Church has an 800-year presence in Israel and therefore must be treated
with greater "legitimacy.""Catholics are not foreigners here, they are
citizens of Israel," he said. "We want cultural relations to improve from all
aspects of our lives. We know that what happens in Israel is important for the
Catholic Church around the world."Pizzaballa cited the need for a
strengthened relationship between the church and local authorities to provide
better housing, professional and education opportunities for Catholics. Although
he said the education level among Christians is high, many still are finding it
difficult to find sustainable jobs.Indeed, the employment rate for
Christians stands at 54% – 63.8% for men and 45.3% for women – according to CBS.
Meanwhile, the national average is 75% and 66%, respectively. Among Christian
Arabs, the rate is 48% – with men at 59.5% and women at 37.7%."One of
the problems for the Catholic Church in Jerusalem is land and housing, which is
very expensive," he said. "To get more land that means money, but for a normal
family, the prices are almost impossible [to afford]."While Pizzaballa
said the Church has built hundreds of housing units for Christians – including
400 in the Old City's Christian Quarter, with projects planned in Jaffa and
Nazareth – it is struggling to provide more, due to pronounced fiscal
limitations.Still, he said he hopes current negotiations between the
Church and State of Israel will lead to better living standards for Christians
shortly."There's a negotiation now to arrive at an agreement about the
life of the Church in Israel concerning economic and fiscal aspects," he said.
"It's a fundamental agreement about all the aspects of life for Christians, and
we are getting very close. So I am encouraged."In terms of hate crimes
against Christians, including vandalism of holy sites, Pizzaballa said the
Church has received support from the Israeli Police and authorities, but added
that more needs to be done."If you don't denounce these issues when they
happen they will continue," he said. "We need to work on this."Latin
Patriarch of Jerusalem Fouad Twal said he believes the best hope for a
prospering Christian community here is education."I believe in education
because all the children should study together and play together to create a new
generation that has respect for one another," he said."I often say that
Jerusalem does not belong to anybody – we all belong to Jerusalem."In
terms of the challenges Christians face in Israel, Twal said dialogue is the
best means of forging improvements."As you all know, we are all for
dialogue," he said. "The first person who started the dialogue was God, through
prophets to humanity."However, Twal said politicians are obstacles to
improved relations, due to the frequent closings of Jaffa Gate and the New Gate
in the Old City resulting from numerous tourist and sporting events."All
the good intentions we have in our dialogue are ruined because of the
politicians involved," he said. "I'm not very happy. Why? Because Jerusalem is
holy for everyone.""[The politicians] must stop closing Jaffa Gate and
the New Gate, which prevents pilgrims from visiting," he continued. "We don't
need all these tourist events. I'm grateful that they open the door for me, but
I wish they would open it to everyone."Regarding peace, Twal said he was
pleased there is progress in negotiations between Palestinians and Israelis –
and that the European community is getting more proactively involved in the
process – but emphasized the necessity of improving coexistence
immediately."If we think about all of our children in 20 years, we have
to change something now," he said."They cannot live like this for
eternity. We want peace for everyone, and it's impossible to think about
peace for one group and not the other."Lutheran World federation
president Bishop Dr. Munib A. Younan – the first Palestinian elected to head a
universal church – said there is an alarming level of ignorance about
Christianity in Israel due to generalizations propagated by the
media."When I read in the Hebrew media about Christianity, I wonder if
I'm Christian," he said. "One of the things we face as Christians are
generalizations about us being persecuted in Palestine or Israel. There are
issues between us [and the governments], but please don't say 'persecution.'"
Younan went on to denounce travel restrictions for Christians coming from
Bethlehem and Ramallah to the capital."Everybody wants to be in
Jerusalem. Why can't a person cross with dignity?" he said. "Why must [soldiers]
take away their dignity? This is not acceptable."Younan also echoed
Pizzaballa's sentiments regarding prohibitive housing costs and limited
employment opportunities preventing Christians from securing stable
lives."It's very essential that people can afford to live in Jerusalem –
the center of their lives," he said."But the economic situation is very
hard, even though most of the people are well-educated. The Church tries to
help, but we are not an employer, we are a church."With respect to peace
negotiations, Younan said while the church encourages dialogue, he denounces
further settlement construction and talks that do not address the pre-1967
borders."We believe in dialogue of the 1967 borders, that settlements
should stop and right of return for refugees be granted," he said. "We have
doubts whether talks are serious or not. We don't want the Americans to pressure
us – we want to show that there is willingness for peace."Younan added
that Jerusalem must be shared, without the "army dividing it.""I travel
all over the world and everyone asks me about Jerusalem," he said. "And they
think that if there isn't a just situation for Jerusalem, than nothing will
work.""We need a win-win situation and we must deal with this difficult
situation now," he continued."Extremism will drop once there is a peace
process. There is no other option – war is not an option."Younan
concluded that he believes that mutual recognition of opposing groups' humanity
must be the first step in the peace process."Only then will this truly
be the land of 'milk and honey,'" he said.
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