text:
Hydrodynamic synchronization of nonlinear oscillators at low Reynolds number.
ABSTRACT We introduce a generic model of a weakly nonlinear self-sustained oscillator as a simplified tool to study synchronization in a fluid at low Reynolds number. By averaging over the fast degrees of freedom, we examine the effect of hydrodynamic interactions on the slow dynamics of two oscillators and show that they can lead to synchronization. Furthermore, we find that synchronization is strongly enhanced when the oscillators are nonisochronous, which on the limit cycle means the oscillations have an amplitude-dependent frequency. Nonisochronity is determined by a nonlinear coupling α being nonzero. We find that its (α) sign determines if they synchronize in phase or antiphase. We then study an infinite array of oscillators in the long-wavelength limit, in the presence of noise. For α>0, hydrodynamic interactions can lead to a homogeneous synchronized state. Numerical simulations for a finite number of oscillators confirm this and, when α<0, show the propagation of waves, reminiscent of metachronal coordination.
- SourceAvailable from: Jacques Prost
Article: Hydrodynamics of soft active matter[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: This review summarizes theoretical progress in the field of active matter, placing it in the context of recent experiments. This approach offers a unified framework for the mechanical and statistical properties of living matter: biofilaments and molecular motors in vitro or in vivo, collections of motile microorganisms, animal flocks, and chemical or mechanical imitations. A major goal of this review is to integrate several approaches proposed in the literature, from semimicroscopic to phenomenological. In particular, first considered are "dry" systems, defined as those where momentum is not conserved due to friction with a substrate or an embedding porous medium. The differences and similarities between two types of orientationally ordered states, the nematic and the polar, are clarified. Next, the active hydrodynamics of suspensions or "wet" systems is discussed and the relation with and difference from the dry case, as well as various large-scale instabilities of these nonequilibrium states of matter, are highlighted. Further highlighted are various large-scale instabilities of these nonequilibrium states of matter. Various semimicroscopic derivations of the continuum theory are discussed and connected, highlighting the unifying and generic nature of the continuum model. Throughout the review, the experimental relevance of these theories for describing bacterial swarms and suspensions, the cytoskeleton of living cells, and vibrated granular material is discussed. Promising extensions toward greater realism in specific contexts from cell biology to animal behavior are suggested, and remarks are given on some exotic active-matter analogs. Last, the outlook for a quantitative understanding of active matter, through the interplay of detailed theory with controlled experiments on simplified systems, with living or artificial constituents, is summarized.Reviews of Modern Physics. 07/2013; 85(3).
- [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Pollen tubes are tip growing plant cells that display oscillatory growth behavior. It has been demonstrated experimentally that the reduction of the average pollen tube growth rate through elevated extracellular calcium or borate concentrations coincides with a greater amplitude of the growth rate oscillation and a lower oscillation frequency. We present a simple numerical model of pollen tube growth that reproduces these results, as well as analytical calculations that suggest an underlying mechanism. These data show that the pollen tube oscillator is non-isochronous, and is different from harmonic oscillation.Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 07/2013; 8(4):25-34. · 0.56 Impact Factor
- [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Groups of beating flagella or cilia often synchronize so that neighboring filaments have identical frequencies and phases. A prime example is provided by the unicellular biflagellate Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which typically displays synchronous in-phase beating in a low-Reynolds number version of breaststroke swimming. We report the discovery that ptx1, a flagellar-dominance mutant of C. reinhardtii, can exhibit synchronization in precise antiphase, as in the freestyle swimming stroke. High-speed imaging shows that ptx1 flagella switch stochastically between in-phase and antiphase states, and that the latter has a distinct waveform and significantly higher frequency, both of which are strikingly similar to those found during phase slips that stochastically interrupt in-phase beating of the wild-type. Possible mechanisms underlying these observations are discussed.Physical Review Letters 10/2013; 111(15):158101. · 7.73 Impact Factor
Page 1
arXiv:1202.3865v1 [cond-mat.soft] 17 Feb 2012
Hydrodynamic synchronisation of non-linear oscillators at low Reynolds number.
M. Leoni1and T. B. Liverpool1,2
1Department of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol BS8 1TW, U.K.
2The Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
(Dated: February 20, 2012)
We introduce a generic model of weakly non-linear self-sustained oscillator as a simplified tool
to study synchronisation in a fluid at low Reynolds number. By averaging over the fast degrees of
freedom, we examine the effect of hydrodynamic interactions on the slow dynamics of two oscillators
and show that they can lead to synchronisation.
strongly enhanced when the oscillators are non-isochronous, which on the limit cycle means the
oscillations have an amplitude-dependent frequency. Non-isochronity is determined by a nonlinear
coupling α being non-zero. We find that its (α) sign determines if they synchronise in- or anti-
phase.We then study an infinite array of oscillators in the long wavelength limit, in presence
of noise. For α > 0, hydrodynamic interactions can lead to a homogeneous synchronised state.
Numerical simulations for a finite number of oscillators confirm this and, when α < 0, show the
propagation of waves, reminiscent of metachronal coordination.
Furthermore, we find that synchronisation is
Collections of cilia and flagella are examples of systems
that display synchronisation [1]. They are microscopic
active filaments attached to the membrane of pro- and
eukaryote cells [2] whose synchronisation is thought to aid
the efficiency of transport at the cellular scale. Typically
arrays of cilia generate fluid flows along tissues but can
also be used, like flagella, for the self-propulsion of swim-
ming cells. Due to their tiny size, the Reynolds number
associated with these flows is negligible. The coordinated
beating of cilia is also thought to have important devel-
opmental implications, such as the left-right symmetry
breaking in the arrangement of the internal organs in the
early embryo [3]. A precise understanding of the role hy-
drodynamics plays in their synchronised motion, is still
Both cilium and flagellum are made of complex sub-
units, microtubules driven by molecular motors, and
their modelling can be done at many levels.
chronisation takes place on length-scales larger than the
individual filaments, to a first approximation the fine
details of their internal structure can be ignored. This
coarse-grained approach has led to model studies of self-
sustained oscillators [4], rotating beads [5–7]; beating
filaments [8], as well as rigid rotating helices, [9, 10].
More recent work has focused on the conditions for hy-
drodynamic synchronisations for two oscillators [11] and
the phase dynamics of oscillators with long range inter-
actions [12]. Related experiments investigating the dy-
namics of micro-systems have been performed in vivo on
algae, [13, 14] and on simple model systems [15], and even
a macroscopic scale model of rotating paddles [16]. All
these studies suggest that simple forms of active forces,
e.g.as prescribed functions of time, are not enough
to guarantee synchronisation. Rather, a complex, non-
linear relation between forces and velocities is necessary.
Important questions therefore are what aspects of hydro-
dynamic interactions aid synchronisation and what fea-
tures of oscillators make them good hydrodynamic syn-
The dynamics of a system close to an oscillatory in-
As syn-
stability can be conveniently described by weakly non-
linear oscillators whose averaged equations are univer-
sal [1]. This implies that the long time behaviour of many
systems with simple spontaneous oscillations can be cap-
tured by a generic model with a few parameters. Using
this insight, in this paper we introduce a minimal model
of an oscillator at low Reynolds number. To simplify our
presentation, we study our model in one-dimension. At a
coarse grained level, this degree of freedom can be inter-
preted as the centre of a filament beating in a plane [17].
The slow dynamics of the oscillator is naturally char-
acterised using of two variables: the amplitude and the
phase. Under arbitrary initial conditions, the trajecto-
ries of an isolated oscillator on long timescales converge
to a closed curve, the limit cycle [18]. While the ampli-
tude is tightly constrained to the limit cycle curve, the
phase can vary more freely. Hence many model studies
of synchronisation have focused only on the phase dy-
namics [5–7, 11, 12]. Our goal in this paper is to anal-
yse the role played by both the amplitude and phase dy-
namics on phase synchronisation mediated by hydrody-
namics. We first study a pair of well separated deter-
ministic oscillators and find that hydrodynamic interac-
tions strongly enhance phase locking, if the oscillations
are non-isochronous, which on the limit cycle means that
the frequency of oscillations depends on the amplitude.
We then consider an array of many oscillators, still well
separated, in the presence of fluctuations. On long wave-
lengths their slow dynamics can be naturally represented
in terms of a broken symmetry (phase) variable, which
is a non-equilibrium analogue of a Goldstone mode [19].
Denoting by α ?= 0 the parameter responsible for the non-
isochronity of the oscillations, we find that when α > 0,
hydrodynamic interactions can lead to in-phase synchro-
nisation of the array.These results are confirmed by
numerical simulations, which show also that conversely,
for α < 0, the synchronisation is more subtle and leads
to the propagation of waves.
a.The model oscillator
spontaneous oscillations is provided by the normal form
A universal model for stable
Page 2
of a dynamical system close to a supercritical Hopf bifur-
cation [18]. To be concrete, we represent the oscillator in
a low Reynolds number fluid as a sphere of radius a sub-
ject to a time-varying force f. The equation of motion
for the sphere, with x its deviation from its equilibrium
position, is
˙ x =f
where γ = 6πηa is the Stokes drag. The dynamics is
encoded in the evolution equation for the force f :
˙f = Ψ(f,x) := −k
τx + µf
?1 − σx2?+ αx3. (2)
Here, all the parameters, except α are positive quantities,
The 1st and 3rd term of eq (2) give rise to respectively,
a linear and a non-linear passive oscillator, while the 2nd
term is responsible for active, self-sustained oscillations.
We emphasize that all the terms in eq (2) would emerge
naturally from coarse-graining any friction-dominated
microscopic model oscillator [4, 10, 17].
can be conveniently non-dimensionalised as ˙ x = f; and
˙f = −x + ǫµf(1 − x2) + ǫαx3, choosing units where
τ =
k. They correspond to a weakly non-linear Van
der Pol-Duffing oscillator [18]. The parameters ǫµ:=
and ǫα:=ατ
kσare small quantities. We restrict ourselves
here mainly to cases where ǫα/ǫµ= O(1).
b.Two oscillators coupled hydrodynamically
oscillators are arranged along the x-axis. The forces fi
acting on the spheres, for i = 1,2, are directed along
the same axis and cause sphere 1 to oscillate around the
origin and sphere 2 around position d. We denote by xi
the deviations from these equilibrium positions, see fig 1.
Their equations of motion are
Eqs (1), (2)
˙ x1=1
γ(f1+ H(r)f2);
˙ x2=1
γ(f2+ H(r)f1),
where H(r) is a scalar, representing the hydrodynamic in-
teractions, and r := d+x2−x1is the separation between
the sphere centres. We shall consider the limit of large
separation r compared to the sphere radius a. Then, for
an unbounded three-dimensional fluid, interactions are
described by the Oseen tensor [20] as H(r) =3a
rigid surface with a non-slip boundary condition, placed
at distance h from the oscillators, one obtains effective in-
teractions scaling as H(r) ∼ah2
oscillators arranged on a regular lattice, d can be thought
of as the lattice spacing, see fig 1. We assume that it
is large compared to the amplitude of the oscillations,
d > x2− x1, and that the ratio ǫd:= a/d, characterising
the hydrodynamic coupling, satisfies ǫd ≪ ǫµ,ǫα. The
time evolution of forces is given by˙fi= Ψ(fi,xi), with
Ψ(fi,xi) defined in eq (2), and is entirely local [4]. The
long-range hydrodynamic coupling links the coordinates
xi via eq (3). In the following we denote the nonlinear
parts of Ψ(fi,xi) by Fi(xi,fi) :=µ
2r. For a
r3 [21]. For an assembly of
?1 − σx2
?+ αx3
FIG. 1: (color online) One dimensional lattice of oscillators.
The inset illustrates the dynamic variables of a pair.
To proceed, we take the time derivative of both sides
of eq (3) and use, on the rhs, the evolution equation for
the forces and the expression of forces as functions of
velocities ˙ xi obtained by inverting eq (3) as an expan-
sion in a/r. Thus, to leading order, we obtain equations
for oscillators with reactive couplings [1] (given by
as ¨ x1+ ω2
γF2(x2,γ ˙ x2)+D
the natural frequency of the linear oscillators, defined
by ω2
O(ǫdǫµ) anddH
We now derive the equations governing the slow dy-
namics of the oscillators [1].
using a complex amplitude Ak and its complex con-
jugate A∗
krelated to position and velocities by xk =
2(Akeiωt+ A∗
k = 1,2. This requires of course that ˙A∗
Here ω is the (unknown) frequency of the non-linear os-
cillators, determining the period, T =2π
cillations. The (slow) complex amplitudes, on the other
hand, hardly change on this timescale. Writing eq (3)
and the dynamic equations for the forces in terms of Ak
and A∗
kand averaging over the period T one obtains
0x1 =
γF1(x1,γ ˙ x1) +D
γx1, where D := −H(d)k
γx2 and ¨ x2+ ω2
τ. ω0represents
0x2 =
γτ. Note terms like
dr˙ rfi, of order O(ǫ2
γFi(xi,γ ˙ xi), of order
d) have been neglected.
This is done naturally
ke−iωt) and ˙ xk=iω
2(Akeiωt− A∗
ke−iωt) for
k= −˙Ake2iωt.
ωof the (fast) os-
˙A1= −i∆A1+ λA1− (β + iχ)A1|A1|2+ iδA2
˙A2= −i∆A2+ λA2− (β + iχ)A2|A2|2+ iδA1. (4)
The parameters are defined as ∆ :=
β :=µσ
Writing the complex amplitudes Ak in polar form,
Ak = Rkeiφk, eqs (4) become a coupled system for the
amplitudes Rk and the phases φk. Finally, this system
can be reduced to a single equation for the phase dif-
ference [1]. This can be achieved perturbatively, when
the parameter δ, parametrising the hydrodynamic inter-
actions, is small compared to the other terms.
teractions are neglected, Rk have fixed points given by
fixed points can be studied by writing Rk=
for sk≪ 1. One finds that the deviations skrelax quickly
to zero. Setting ˙ sk = 0 we obtain sk as functions of
, λ :=
8γ, χ :=3
γω, and δ(d) :=H(d)
If in-
β. The dynamics of small deviations from these
Page 3
the phase difference ψ := φ2− φ1. The resulting expres-
sions are then substituted in the equations for the phases.
From them one obtains an Adler equation [1] for ψ,
˙ψ = ˜ ν − 2δχ
Hence, eq (5) illustrates that phase locking is deter-
mined by the hydrodynamic coupling, via δ, provided
the oscillator is nonisochronous, i.e. α ?= 0. Note thatδχ
scales as ∼1
natural frequencies of the oscillators. We choose them to
be identical, so we can set ˜ ν = 0. While for ˜ ν ?= 0 varying
the ratio of ˜ ν andδχ
βcontrols the saddle-node bifurcation
of cycles [18], for ˜ ν = 0 eq (5) has a stable fixed point
given by one of the zeros of sin(ψ) for ψ ∈ [0,2π]. The
position of the stable point is determined by the sign of
β, which in turn is determined solely by the sign of
the non-isochronism parameter α: when α < 0, then the
equation has a stable fixed point at ψ = π, i.e. the os-
cillators lock in anti-phase; vice-versa, if α > 0 then the
equation has a stable fixed point at ψ = 0 and the os-
cillators lock in-phase. A numerical solution, using the
Euler method, of eq (3) confirms this.
It is also interesting to note that the two flagella of
the microscopic algae C. Reinhardtii are found to alter-
nate between periods of synchronised (with small phase
difference) and non-synchronized beating [13, 14]. This
is well described by a stochastic Adler equation, of the
same form as eq (5) but with an additional fluctuating
term [14]. The estimates of the parameters presented
in [14], for the flagellar synchronisation, indicate positive
values for α and ˜ ν of our model.
When α = 0, we need to include higher order correc-
tions in deriving eq (5). Upon doing this we find to lead-
ing order˙ψ ≈ −3ǫdǫµ[1+3
the synchronisation is in-phase. Otherwise, both in- and
anti-phase states are possible and synchronization de-
pends on details such as initial conditions (confirmed nu-
merically). These higher order terms also indicate that
the transition from in-phase to anti-phase in general oc-
curs at some αc?= 0. Unsurprisingly when α = 0, syn-
chronisation occurs more slowly (a higher order effect).
c.Many oscillators coupled hydrodynamically
have discussed above, the amplitudes of the oscillators
are tightly constrained to the limit cycle and the long
time behaviour can be reduced to an effective (amplitude
dependent) dynamics of the phases. For a large num-
ber N of oscillators, in the dilute regime, this is done
by introducing the one-particle probability c(ϕ,y,t) =
with slow phase ϕ, at site y at time t, where the brack-
ets ?? indicate the average over noise. The probability
satisfies a Smoluchowski equation
ǫµǫdand ˜ ν is related to the difference of the
µcosψ]sinψ. When ǫd<4
As we
k=1δ(ϕ−φk(t))δ(y−yk(t))? of having an oscillator
∂tc = D∂2
ϕϕc − ∂ϕ([ω1+ Ω]c).(6)
D is the diffusion coefficient resulting from both thermal
and active fluctuations, ω1the deterministic contribution
of an isolated oscillator with ω1= −∆ −χλ
deterministic effect of the hydrodynamic interactions,
βand Ω the
Ω(y,ϕ,t) :=
dy2dϕ2c(ϕ2,y2,t)˙φint(y2−y,ϕ,ϕ2). (7)
the dynamics of two oscillators, (see eq (5)). It describes
the effect of the interactions on the phase of one oscillator
due to the presence of the another. Here, δ′:= δ(|y2−y|).
The 1-particle probability can be expressed as an ex-
pansion in its moments:
βsin(ϕ2− ϕ) + δ′cos(ϕ2− ϕ) is obtained from
c(ϕ,y,t) =
?ρ(y,t) +?e−iϕΦ(y,t) + c.c.?+ ...?
To study synchronization we only need the first two :
ρ(y,t) :=
dϕc(ϕ,y,t) ;(density)
Φ(y,t) :=
dϕeiϕc(ϕ,y,t) ; (1st harmonic) . (9)
The emergence (or not) of a globally synchronized state
is obtained from the homogeneous probability c0(ϕ,t),
with associated moments ρ0(t), Φ0(t) representing spa-
tially homogeneous dynamical states. The correspond-
ing expression for Ω0is obtained by evaluating the
space integral in eq (7) with c ≡ c0.
namic interactions scaling as H(r) ∼a
from the integral depends both on the lattice spacing
d, and the total length L of the array. Hence, Ω0(t) =
scaling as H(r) ∼ah2
r3, the leading term in the integral
depends only on the lattice spacing d. Consequently, the
term aln(L/d) is replaced by one ∼ah2
tions for the homogeneous moments are derived by tak-
ing the time derivative of both sides of eq (9), inserting
eq (6) and using eq (8) to close the system. Since ρ is a
conserved variable, ∂tρ0= 0, while Φ0satisfies
For hydrody-
rthe leading term
β+ 1]e−iϕ1Φ0(t) + c.c. For interactions
d2. Dynamic equa-
∂tΦ0= ΓΦ0. (10)
It is worth noting that in the absence of noise
c0(ϕ,t) =
the order parameter introduced by Kuramoto, Φ0(t) =
over a population of oscillators [1, 12, 22].
It is useful to express Φ0(t) = P0(t)eiQ0(t)in polar
form (reflecting the U(1) symmetry). We obtain equa-
tions for its amplitude and phase as ∂tP0= Re[Γ]P0
and ∂tQ0= Im[Γ]. Re(Γ) = −(D −χ
is the real part of Γ.Here, the first term is due to
noise, whereas the second term encodes the effect of
two body interactions. The imaginary part is Im(Γ) =
As in the Kuramoto model [1, 22], order (synchronisa-
tion) is determined by a non-zero, constant value of P0.
k=1δ(ϕ − ϕk(t)) and Φ0(t) reduces to
k=1eiϕk(t), representing the (mean field) average
Page 4
oscillator #
45 60
cycle #
oscillator #
N = 100 deterministic oscillators, (D = 0). (a), (b) describe
respectively the case for α > 0 and α < 0, after long time.
The initial conditions of the oscillators are the same for both
values of α: identical amplitudes, close to the maximum value,
and random, Gaussian distributed, phases. The parameters of
the model are γ = 10−3Pa s µm;
σ = 1(µm)−2; |α| = 0.05
(µm)3sand a/d ≈ 0.005.
(color online) Space-time plots of the positions for
τ= 1
µm s; µ = 0.05pN
Here, the dynamic equation for P0shows that the onset
of order is controlled by the sign of Re[Γ]. If Re[Γ] < 0,
order is suppressed. On the contrary, when Re[Γ] > 0, or-
der is enhanced. A stabilising term of the type ∼ Φ0|Φ0|2
in eq (10) is needed for P0to stop unbounded growth and
attain a finite value at long times. Such a term could be
generated for instance by taking into account three-body
interactions. Finally, the condition Re[Γ] = 0 defines
a transition line in the space of parameters [19]. Cru-
cially, from these considerations, homogeneous synchro-
nization is possible only when α > 0: (i) in presence of
noise (D ?= 0) and by keeping all the parameters fixed,
synchronisation occurs only above a particular value of
density; (ii) neglecting noise (D = 0), instead, synchroni-
sation occurs for any (finite) value of the density. On the
contrary, when α < 0 both terms in Re(Γ) are negative
and homogeneous order is prohibited. This behaviour
suggests a spin analogy, where α > 0 (ferromagnet) pro-
motes alignment of neighbouring oscillator phase (spins)
while α < 0 (antiferromagnet) promotes anti-alignment.
We compared these results with numerical simulation
for a large but finite number of deterministic oscillators
(D = 0). In fig 2 we show typical space-time plots for the
positions of N = 100 oscillators and compare the effects
of different signs of α. For α > 0, see fig 2(a), the sys-
tem displays spatially homogeneous order, i.e. in-phase
synchronised state. Interestingly, when α < 0, although
homogeneous order is lacking, fig 2(b) still shows a co-
herent motion of the oscillators, with propagating waves.
As suggested by the antiferromagnetic analogy, the oscil-
lators self-organise into a dynamical state which is close
to the anti-phase synchronised state, but deviates from
it at long wavelengths.
In conclusion, we have presented a simple, one-
dimensional model (that can be generalised to higher di-
mensions [23]) to investigate analytically the role of hy-
drodynamic interactions on the synchronisation dynam-
ics of oscillators at low Reynolds number. We studied the
case of two oscillators and found that synchronisation, ei-
ther in- or anti-phase, was determined to leading order by
both hydrodynamic interactions and non-isochronism of
the oscillations (α ?= 0). We then derived a coarsegrained
description for an infinite array of oscillators and found
that spatially homogeneous order, corresponding to the
in-phase synchronisation of the array, can occur only for
α > 0. Systems of cilia are known to display metachronal
waves [24]. Our analysis suggests that these could be ob-
tained in two different ways: either as slow hydrodynamic
(phase) modes, like spin waves, when α > 0; or alterna-
tively, for α < 0, as a spatially inhomogeneous, approxi-
mately anti-phase synchronised state, as indicated by the
numerics. A more extensive investigation of these issues
is left for the future.
We acknowledge the support of the EPSRC, Grant
EP/G026440/1 (ML & TBL); the NSF, Grant PHY05-
51164 (TBL); and the University of Bristol (ML).
[1] A. Pikovsky, M. Rosenblum, and J. Kurths, Synchroniza-
tion: A Universal Concept in Nonlinear Science (Cam-
bridge University Press, 2002).
[2] D. Bray, Cell Movements: From Molecules to Motility
(Garland Science, New York, 2000).
[3] S. Nonaka et al., Cell 95, 829 (1998).
[4] M. C. Lagomarsino, P. Jona, and B. Bassetti, Phys. Rev.
[5] A. Vilfan and F. Julicher, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 058102
[6] T. Niedermayer, B. Eckhardt, and P. Lenz, Chaos 18,
037128 (2008).
[7] N. Uchida and R. Golestanian, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104,
178103 (2010).
[8] B. Guirao and J. F. Joanny, Biophys. J. 92, 1900 (2007).
[9] M. Kim and T. R. Powers, Phys. Rev. E 69, 061910
[10] M. Reichert and H. Stark, Eur. Phys. J. E 17, 493 (2005).
[11] N. Uchida and R. Golestanian, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106,
058104 (2011).
[12] N. Uchida, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 064101 (2011).
[13] M. Polin et al., Science 325, 487 (2009).
[14] R. E. Goldstein, M. Polin, and I. Tuval, Phys. Rev. Lett.
103, 168103 (2009).
[15] J. Kotar et al., PNAS 107, 7669 (2010).
[16] B. Qian et al., Phys. Rev. E 80, 061919 (2009).
[17] S. Camalet, F. Julicher, and J. Prost, Phys. Rev. Lett.
82, 1590 (1999).
[18] S. Strogatz, Nonlinear Dynamics And Chaos (Westview
press, 2001).
[19] M. Leoni and T. B. Liverpool, Phys Rev Lett 105, 238102
[20] M. Doi and S. Edwards, The Theory of Polymer Dynam-
ics (Oxford University Press, 1986).
Page 5
[21] J. R. Blake, Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 70, 303 (1971).
[22] J. A. Acebr´ on et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 137 (2005).
[23] M. Leoni and T. B. Liverpool, unpublished (2012).
[24] A. Hamel et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108, 7290


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I was pretty upset at the
Submitted by Ageless Sexless on Wed, 10/24/2012 - 04:44. Permalink
I was pretty upset at the beginning of this debate when all the candidates kept saying 'democracy'. I wasn't too surprised when the left leaning ones said it, but then when they all did...
At least the debate improved as it went.
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How To Make Caramel Apples
By ANDREA MIRANDA, CBS Houston October 24, 2011 12:15 PM
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Caramel apples are a great treat and a fun project.
Follow the recipe below for a fun delicious treat.
- Bag of caramel (chewy variety)
- 4 Washington or Golden Delicious apples
- 1/3 cup of water, milk or cream
- Popsicle sticks
- Stove
- Pot (deep enough to submerge apple)
- Large spoon
- Wax paper
- Cookie sheet
- Place wax paper on cookie sheet.
- Fill pot with unwrapped caramel candies.
- Place pot on medium to low heat.
- Pour just a little bit of water, milk or cream into caramel to help make it more liquid.
- Continuously stir mixture.
- Once the mixture has fully melted turn heat down to lowest setting.
- Remove stems, rinse and pat apples dry.
- Place popsicle sticks into core of apples.
- Use sticks to dip apples into caramel sauce.
- Use spoon to pour extra carmel sauce onto apples.
- Place completed apples on wax paper.
- Place apples in the refrigerator to allow carmel sauce to become firm.
Video: How to Make Carmel Apples
Learn how to do other things by checking the CBS Houston HOW TO page.


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pure peace yoga
| Yoga Classes in Charleston South Carolina
|pure peace yoga
|Contact:suzanne goldston
|1823 kempton avenue, Charleston, South Carolina 29412
|Yoga Style: multi-disciplinary
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suzanne's teaching style incorporates flowing integral yoga sequences with vigorous ashtanga vinyasa. back bends, forward bends, twists and inversions can be found in all classes. beginner classes available as well as private sessions.
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November 25, 2014
Your phone could help keep you fit, sizing up everything from body fat levels to heartbeat and even stinky breath.
Japan's largest mobile phone carrier has unveiled its prototype for a fitness phone.
The mobile phone is equipped with a built-in pedometer and can measure burned calories and heart rate.
Other features on the phone may include GPS tracking and a music player for workouts.
And get this, a breathalyzer test may also be in the works for the fitness phone.
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Jenna and Brad had a gorgeous wedding at the Colony Hotel in Kennebunkport, Maine back in September and we were so happy to celebrate it with them. This was one of those weddings where, at the end of the night, I felt sad that it was over. Jenna and Brad are a beautiful couple inside and out and it was easy to tell that every single guest agreed.
Here are my favorites from the day! The Colony is such a gorgeous wedding location. I very quicky fell in love with the pink walls and that gorgeous floral wallpaper. They worked perfectly with Jenna and Brad's wedding colors.While I photographed the ladies, Joel was with the guys on the other side of the hotel.Jenna and Brad stepped away to open gifts from each other before the ceremony.Brewer, their dog, was a big part of the day. Isn't he adorable?Joel grabbed this portrait of the guys and I love it!
Then it was off to South Congregational Church in Kennebunkport for the ceremony.After the ceremony, we headed back to Colony Hotel and the beach for more portraits.The reception was romantic and cozy.The dance floor was packed the entire night and we had a blast photographing it.
Jenna and Brad, thank you for having us!
Ceremony Location: South Congregational Church, Kennebunkport Maine
Reception Location: Colony Hotel, Kennebunkport Maine
Officiant: Charles Whiston
Photographer: Hailey Crabtree
Second Photographer: Joel Crabtree
Videographer: SP Films
Flowers: Downeast Flowers
Cakes: Family Friend
Hair: Cut-N-Edge
Photo Booth: Smileys Photo Booths
Wedding Dress: Andrea's Bridal
Bridesmaid Dresses: Bella Bridesmaids
Suits: Russo Tux


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It was not as big as I thought it would be.Review by Shyann (Posted on 1/28/14)
This is the second one of these I have bought. It is a really great organizer. Love the separate area on the bottom for cleats.Review by Aurorasdad (Posted on 1/22/14)
I ordered Purple the tag says purple, it is NOT purple. Very dark blue yes - purple, no.
Other than that it rocks...


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DOWNLOAD HERE Show Summary Joe Rogan sits down with Adam and the gang right from the top of the show. Adam talks with him about the big UFC fight coming up this weekend, and the guys joke about whether or not it's racist to think black guys have big dicks. The guys also talk about why the government won't …Read More
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DOWNLOAD HERE Show Summary At the top of the show, Adam rants about a day at the zoo with Sonny. He then answers audience questions about the highest he's ever been, the potential of moving to the OC, and how he almost didn't work with Jimmy Kimmel. Later he tells an anecdote about partying with a pre-fame Will Ferrell. …Read More
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Town Square
School board candidate's advertorial snafu
Original post made on Nov 3, 2012
Read the full story here Web Link posted Friday, November 2, 2012, 1:39 PM
Comments (1)
a resident of Cuesta Park
on Nov 3, 2012 at 8:58 am
It's painful to admit this truth, but Nick wrote a pretty accurate assessment of my error. So, A PUBLIC APOLOGY to both Kevin and the Measure G committee. I had two good chances to recheck 'my memory' with Kevin before I sent in the copy (one a phone conversation about August) and I failed to do so. Mea culpa.
Private apologies were mailed the other day.
I re-read a posting I'd done after the June election - my memory had expanded some vague comments Kevin and I had shared on Simidian and his HSR no vote - into something that Kevin did not discuss (retracting his G endorsement).
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Home » Opinion » Editorials
August 03. 2014 7:15PM
Spy vs. Congress: The new surveillance state
"As far as allegations of the CIA hacking into Senate computers, nothing could be further from the truth. We wouldn't do that. I mean, that's just, just, that's just beyond the, you know, the scope of reason in terms of what we would do."
— CIA Director John Brennan, March 11
"CIA director John Brennan apologizes for search of Senate computers"
— The Washington Post, July 31
When Sen. Dianne Feinstein accused the CIA of hacking Senate computers to spy on the Senate Intelligence Committee's investigation of the CIA, the agency's director all but accused Feinstein of being insane, as the above quote shows.
— CIA Director John Brennan, March 11
"CIA director John Brennan apologizes for search of Senate computers"
— The Washington Post, July 31
When Sen. Dianne Feinstein accused the CIA of hacking Senate computers to spy on the Senate Intelligence Committee's investigation of the CIA, the agency's director all but accused Feinstein of being insane, as the above quote shows.
"When the facts come out on this, I think a lot of people who are claiming that there has been this tremendous sort of spying and monitoring and hacking will be proved wrong," he said.
Last week, after an internal investigation of the allegations determined they were true, Director Brennan apologized to the Senate Intelligence Committee.
CIA employees had indeed accessed computers the committee's staffers were using to investigate the CIA's interrogation techniques.
Those computers were provided by the CIA and housed in a separate facility in Virginia for the purpose of facilitating the investigation.
According to Brennan, they were accessed by CIA staff trying to determine how the committee got hold of a report that was supposed to have remained secret.
To be fair, Brennan himself is the one who ordered the CIA's inspector general to investigate, and he divulged the findings. But that is cold comfort these days.
From the NSA to the CIA, we have a pattern of government officials publicly denying that federal intelligence agencies are — or ever would be — spying on American citizens, when they are doing exactly that.
Last year Attorney General Eric Holder would not answer directly whether the NSA was spying on members of Congress.
He would say only that it had no "intent" to. In January, the NSA did not directly answer Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., when he asked the same question.
President Obama has systematically overstepped his executive authority in many areas.
People of all political parties can see why that is dangerous (even if some won't admit it). The danger inherent in government intelligence agencies spying on elected representatives and their staffers should be even more obvious.
The people's control of their own government is a great safeguard of American liberty.
That is jeopardized if the machinery of the state is monitoring the private communications of the people who are supposed to be controlling it.
- Derry councilor wants to begin budget discussion - 0
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Jury acquits Mont Vernon driver, who was checking text, in death of former Amherst fire chief
Jury acquits Mont Vernon driver, who was checking text, in death of former Amherst fire chief
Offend someone? To jail with you!
Offend someone? To jail with you!
Obama to illegals: Come out of shadows
Obama to illegals: Come out of shadows
Plaistow town planner arrested
Plaistow town planner arrested
Driver acquitted in Amherst ex-chief's death
Driver acquitted in Amherst ex-chief's death
A kinder, gentler House Speaker?
A kinder, gentler House Speaker?
College Hockey: Providence blanks UNH
College Hockey: Providence blanks UNH
Pipeline's NH route moves to top choice
Pipeline's NH route moves to top choice
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My apologies if you thought I meant it was a great deal for San Jose. It was not my intention.]]>
SJ 1st pick will probably be higher than 23rd (especially if it ends up being New Jersey's, anyone's aware of this?), but it still is a definite overpaying considering my previous arguments. It's not as Gorges was to be a career AHLer anyway. He could turn to be a very decent puck-moving stay-at-home (though such definition may sound contradictory).
I really think we got the best of that deal.]]>


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No Collar, No Problem
Step away from that T-shirt and put down that polo. The henley, beloved by tough guys and style hounds alike, is the all-purpose shirt of the season. Matt Bomer from White Collar pulls on our favorites
October 2010
2 of 4
Fresh off the BoatThe Henley—a pullover that looks like a polo with the collar lopped off—takes its name from the shirts worn by rowing crews at the Henley Royal Regatta, a nearly two-centuries-old English race in (naturally) Henley-on-Thames. You're probably more familiar with the shirt, though, from black-and-white photos of guys panning for gold; back in late-nineteenth-century America, the Henley undershirt was huge. Then—as now—it helped to have a chest built for filling out thin cotton shirts, but if you don't look like Matt Bomer, wear it under a tailored jacket or layer a button-down oxford over it. You'll still look like you, only cooler and more sophisticated.
Linen henley, $225, by D&G. Knit pants, $1,045, by Dolce & Gabbana. Boots, $230, by Red Wing Shoes. Socks by Wigwam. Wood sculptures by Neil Alan Wicks.
- Tags
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- Henley
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- The Great Franco-Italian Pasta Experiment
- How to Pick from an Overpriced Restaurant Wine List


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Agencies eager to understand benefits of cloud credential exchange
The Postal Service will kick off its pilot to provide identity management services in the cloud in early 2014. The IRS and DHS also are pursuing complimentary initiatives to authorize and authenticate users.
Tags: technology , DHS , Naomi Lefkovitz , NIST , USPS , identity management , IRS , Sharon James , AFCEA , Federal Cloud Credential Exchange , cloud computing , Jason Miller
Identity management standards help DHS build networks of trust
The Homeland Security Department upgraded its Homeland Security Information Network (HSIN) last year with new security and identity management features. The growing acceptance and use of standards is making it easier for state, local, tribal government and other partners to securely access law enforcement data.
Tags: technology , DHS , information sharing , identity management , Homeland Security Information Network , two factor authentication , AFCEA , Jason Miller
In Depth interviews - Feb. 6
On the In Depth show blog, you can listen to the interviews, find more information about the guests on the show each day and links to additional resources.
Tags: In Depth , Francis Rose , Rick Geddes , Don Kettl , Marion Blakey
ELC: News and Notes
OPM developing competency models for performance improvement officers and chief operating officers as part of its requirements under the GPRA Modernization Act. DHS moves to agile development to fix the HSIN program. NIST to update HSPD-12 card requirements to meet mobile needs.
Tags: technology , GSA , OPM , NIST , DHS , Martha Johnson , Dave McClure , Patsy Stevens , Jeremy Grant , NSTIC , Suzanne Lightman , green government , energy efficiency , open government , GPRA Modernization , HSIN , cybersecurity , identity management , mobile , HSPD-12 , Jason Miller , ELC 2011


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Welcome to the world of talking, walking and, of course, tantrums. We'll show you how to make the most of your time with your little person - from fun ways to help him reach his toddler development milestones and bringing on his social skills, to dealing with those first signs of naughty behaviour.
Latest in Toddler
Most Popular ArticlesHere is the latest content for each stage:
15 Popular Girl And Boy Baby Names Inspired By Film And TV
The Actresses Who Carried On Filming While Pregnant (And The Genius Ways The Bump Was Disguised – Or Worked Into The Script)
Duchess of Cambridge's Baby Bump Immortalised in Street Art
Best-Dressed Celebrity Baby Bump Alert!
EastEnders Actress Jacqueline Jossa Asks For Pregnancy Advice


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School of Prayer
The School of Prayer is back on for the month of August. We will be focusing on Prophetic Prayer and Intercession.
It is so important to have a strong Foundation of Prayer in your life. So come along and learn more about prayer from our Prayer Pastor Anne Edgar and her team.
Every Thursday in August 1pm-3pm
Prayer at Victory Life Centre
At Victory Life Centre, prayer is the foundation of all our Christian endeavours. Isaiah 40:3 "Prepare Ye the way of the Lord". In prayer we pave the way for God's purposes and plans to be achieved on this earth. It is vitally important to be led by the Spirit and pray according to God's Word. We have various prayer cells and meetings.
Prayer for Victory Conference 2014
Join us in prayer to equip and empower our ministries, guest speakers and our church community in the lead up to Victory Conference.
Each day we have a focus for prayer and we want YOU to pray with us. If you are not sure how to pray, pray in the Holy Spirit, or read a scripture.
So lets unite together and be Champions for Christ!
Weekly Prayer Meetings
Prophetic Prayer and Worship, Thursday's 7.30pm at Victory Life House
Men's Prayer, Wednesday's 6.45am in Victory Life House
Connect Prayer for Israel, 1st and 3rd Monday of every month 7.30pm Victory Life House
Pre Service Prayer, Sunday's 7.30am-8.20am in Bible College Room 2
General Prayer, Tuesday's 10.00am in The Prayer Room
Bible School Prayer, Tuesday's 1.00pm - 2.00pm in The Prayer Room (During VLIBTC Terms only)
Night Watch, Last Friday of every month 8.00pm-2.00am in Victory Life House
Prayer Teams Online
Prayer Shield, Intercessors covering every Victory Life Centre pastor and leader in prayer
Prayer Teachings
2. Applying the Blood
3. Praying God's Word
4. Praying for the Lost
Telephone: 08 9202 7111
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Posted by: tiger1964 on Mar-29-13 7:56 AM (EST)
"If you happen to know someone who works in a paper mill, they might be able to get some dryer rope--free. It doesn't get any better than that."
Odd, never heard of it and I buy a couple of hundred truckloads of paper annually. Alas, little from domestic sources.
I might be visiting my local REI on straps and end-tie-downs; I have NO faith in my ability to ever learn to tie a knot that I'd trust.
EZ Launch� Kayak & Canoe
Kindle / iPad Cases
Full Size Sail Rig
Deck Rigging Gear
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Miami Beach Luxury 3 Bedroom 2.5 Bath Ocean Front Resort
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Date last modified - Friday, November 21, 2014


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Great cards. Stand up to lots of abuse. They'll last you a lot longer than the regular playing cards,Published 1 month ago by edward m grier
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I have owned three sets of these cards for three years now (there's a card game I play that involves three decks). Read morePublished 2 months ago by Evan L.
They are very difficult to play with. I used to play with them as a kid and thought I could duplicate what I had then - no luck. Read morePublished 3 months ago by Sue May
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These cards come with exactly what I wanted them for. They feel like paper playing cards, but shuffle much better and are very durable. Read morePublished 4 months ago by Kayla Stein


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Beth Brooks
Beth joined The Grocer in May 2005 and is the deputy news editor.
Working on the retail news desk, her patch covers Sainsbury's, retail co-operative societies, independent retailers and wholesalers.
She is especially interested in The Co-operative Group and has been closely following the ongoing developments at the society.
She also specialises in convenience – covering everyone from the big symbol operators such as Nisa and Costcutter right through to independent chains and non-affiliated retailers – as well as the issues that affect the sector and related channels such as forecourts.
Beth also edits the People section of the magazine and the People channel of the website.
Beth started her journalism career in 2001 and read Media Studies at the University of Westminster.
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Hi, I need some suggestion to brew an american wheat beer. I'm looking for a refreshing, low alcohol beer, I have elaborated this recipe inspirin from the Sierra Nevada Wheat clone:
Final gallons: 4 (5 in boil)
2.00 pound Dry wheat extract (55%)
1.35 pound Light dry extract (37%)
0.15 pound caramunich (4%)
0.15 pound orange blossom honey (4%)
Hops in pellets:
0.35 oz Perle @ 60 min
0.25 oz perle @ 30 min
0.5 oz Cascade @ 5 min
What do you think about?
I will put orange blossom honey last 10 minutes in boil, do you thin it's better to omit them and replace whith 0.2/0.3 oz of bitter (or sweet?) orange peel?
Do you thin wyeast American Ale n°1056 is ok?
Thank's in advance!
What's the OG on that? It looks fairly low, but I don't have my software on my work computer. Also, you won't get any real orange flavor/aroma from orange blossom honey, so if that's what you want, use orange. I prefer the zest of bitter oranges, but I have no idea what varieties you have available in Italy.
The og is 1041, i think ther's some errors in kilograms-pound conversion. I will arrive at 1045, so take this for good, and a fg around 1011-1010.
I have already zest of bitter orange, so i will use them, thank's!
If you have to buy another yeast, look into Wyyeast 1010. It is the american wheat yeast. Its super neutral and does a great job on wheat beers. Easy to harvest and re-use too.
It could be worse.
Just so you know, you're not really going to get much honey flavor from that small addition. However, that may not be your intention. In any case, it will definitely make it a lighter bodied beer like you seem to want.
yeah, I wouldnt bother with the Honey too much. You might get a hint of it through aroma but that is pretty much it. Try some Orange/lemon peel and coriander.
Thank's for the answers!
Well, so I can stay with 4% of honey to have a lighter body and some aroma, and also try orange peel.


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1010 Nicollet Mall
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Category: Bars and Clubs
Region: Minneapolis (Downtown)
New Orleans pianist and composer Tom McDermott distinguishes himself by an unusually broad musical palette — ragtime, stride, Brazilian choro, French musette, Cuban habanera, and swing. He deftly creates clever and surprising arrangements of iconic tunes (Longhair's "Tipitina," Scott Joplin's "The Entertainer") or originals. His recently released Bamboula, named for 19th-century composer Louis Gottschalk's signature piece, is a compilation of previously released tunes, but notably selected by musical savant Van Dyke Parks. Dukes of Dixieland trumpeter and bandleader Kevin Clark is coming with McDermott upriver, where they'll play with the local vintage music quartet Patty & the Buttons, who roam from trad jazz to jug band music and western swing.
Tue., Jan. 28, 7 p.m., 2014


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Philadelphia 76ers
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Sixers stay winless, lose to Trailblazers
PHILADELPHIA >> LaMarcus Aldridge had 15 of his 33 points during the pivotal third quarter to help the Portland Trail Blazers defeat Philadelphia 114-104 on Monday night, sending the 76ers to their 14th straight loss to open the season.
Sixers near historic low with loss to Suns
PHILADELPHIA >> Isaiah Thomas scored 23 points and Markieff Morris had 18 to lead the Phoenix Suns past the winless 76ers, 122-96, on Friday night.
Sixers expect Michael Carter-Williams, Nerlens Noel back in lineup
PHILADELPHIA >> Their overflowing bucket of excuses for on-court failure will have two fewer items Thursday night when the 76ers begin a three-game road trip through Texas.
Sixers ready to welcome Michael Carter-Williams back to practice
PHILADELPHIA >> The Sixers will practice Thursday, and that will include Michael Carter-Williams. That will include him in pre-practice calisthenics, in-practice contact, late-practice scrimmage, after-practice shooting.
James Harden, Rockets take off on Sixers
PHILADELPHIA >> The Sixers' usual mode of operation this young season has been the second-half collapse.
As final roster was formed, second thoughts on Moultrie
PHILADELPHIA >> Continuing to demonstrate their high opinion of its value, the 76ers Monday strengthened their command of the NBA's second draft round.
Sixers� Thaddeus Young the final piece in three-way Kevin Love trade
MINNEAPOLIS (AP) � The Minnesota Timberwolves secured the final piece they wanted in a blockbuster Kevin Love trade.
Sixers to move Young as part of Wiggins, Love trade
Another chunk of the Sixers� deteriorating recent past is about to crumble.
JACK MCCAFFERY: Sixers willing to take long-term approach with Joel Embiid
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Nerlens Noel impresses at practice
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Family history has Jerami Grant ready for NBA
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Sixers� Sam Hinkie stands by long-term plan
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Sixers select Joel Embiid at No. 3
PHILADELPHIA (AP) � Kansas center Joel Embiid will rehabilitate his broken foot in Philadelphia.
Sixers should prepare for unlikely moments at NBA Draft
PHILADELPHIA � Nerlens Noel hired a tailor last year to stitch a Kentucky jersey into the lining of his spiffy suit jacket. Noel expected he�d have the chance to show off his interior threads from the stage of Brooklyn�s Barclays Center when the name of the first overall pick was read.
CHRISTOPHER A. VITO: Sam Hinkie, Sixers should do whatever it takes for top pick
At international games in May, crossing the Atlantic Ocean to get there, he found an empty seat. At gyms here, in California and spots in between, he found an empty seat. At college arenas, covering the Midwest and Tobacco Road, he found an empty seat.
Sixers want Camden taxpayers to pay for practice facility
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Sixers� Michael Carter-Williams makes NBA All-Rookie Team
The accolades keep piling up for Michael Carter-Williams.
JACK MCCAFFERY: With lottery picks in tow, pressure is on for Sixers� Sam Hinkie
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Sixers get picks 3 and 10, miss out on top selection
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Sixers� Michael Carter-Williams wins NBA Rookie of the Year
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PHILADELPHIA � Brett Brown was on the Wells Fargo Center floor Monday, less than an hour before coaching the Sixers against the Boston Celtics. He was smiling, laughing, enjoying his job.
Pearson brings analytics to the Sixers
PHILADELPHIA � There are times, Brett Brown confided, when gatherings of the 76ers� coaches won�t always revolve around basketball speak.
Michael Carter-Williams shines as Sixers knock off Celtics
BOSTON � Michael Carter-Williams played like he owned the place.
NBA slaps Sixers� Arnett Moultrie with five-game suspension
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Sixers welcome rare win, but won�t let it go to their head
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Sixers match NBA record with 26th straight loss
HOUSTON � The 76ers are ready to kick down futility�s door.
Sixers drop 23rd straight with loss to Knicks
By CHRISTOPHER A. VITO email@example.com, @ChrisVito
Sixers lose a franchise-record 21st straight game
INDIANAPOLIS (AP) � Lance Stephenson scored 25 points and the Indiana Pacers rallied from an early deficit to beat Philadelphia 99-90 on Monday night, handing the 76ers their franchise-record 21st straight loss.
Turner, Pacers hand Sixers 19th straight loss
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Still no certainty with Noel
PHILADELPHIA � A tweet can be interpreted any number of ways. But 76ers coach Brett Brown knows what he�s seen out of Nerlens Noel.
Sixers drop 17th straight
NEW YORK � Between their better-late-than-never playoff push and waiting to hear if Phil Jackson accepts their job offer, the New York Knicks had enough to worry about.
Brown wishes Sixers were like Spurs
PHILADELPHIA � While flipping through channels Thursday, Brett Brown admittedly couldn�t help but stop at the Miami-San Antonio broadcast.
CHRIS VITO: Obstacles remain in Sixers winning another game this season
PHILADELPHIA � He says it all the time. Different day, different locale, same refrain. Like a broken record, an identical tune pours out.
Brown calls Thompson a keeper
PHILADELPHIA � The 76ers� carryover from this roster to next season�s will be sparse. Only five players are under contract. Three others hold player options and one more has a team option for the 2014-15 season.
McCAFFERY: Dr. J thinks Sixers plan is slam dunk
By JACK McCAFFERY Delaware County Times Columnist
Silver doesn�t think the Sixers are tanking
At the MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference, in Boston, Van Gundy called the Sixers� efforts this season �embarrassing,� challenging the quality of the players with whom they are playing and insinuating that the team is tanking for a chance at higher draft picks.
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PHILADELPHIA � The Sixers have a plan, an obvious one, brazen and cold.
Sixers lose by 20 to NBA�s worst team
email@example.com PHILADELPHIA � Forget the remaining games. Or the never-ending jokes to which their teams are the punchlines. This time of year lends itself to in-house indifference.
Sixers deal Hawes, Turner
PHILADELPHIA � Sam Hinkie has demonstrated in fewer than nine months that he�s not afraid to make a splash. On the day of the NBA�s trade deadline, the 76ers� general manager made two.
Sixers look to regroup during road trip
PHILADELPHIA � Promptly, the 76ers dressed at their stalls, grabbed their belongings and exited their locker room.
�Long ways to go� for Nerlens Noel�s return
PHILADELPHIA � Nerlens Noel�s workouts look real. To him, they must seem real, too.
Turnovers, lack of defense plaguing Sixers
PHILADELPHIA � The Sixers made a decision, rammed it into a slogan, covered themselves in NBA reality and began to reinvent themselves. No one complained. No one questioned Sam Hinkie�s talent-evaluation skills.
McCAFFERY: Evan Turner is a player to build around
The 2009-2010 Sixers were bad, disinterested, difficult to watch. But at least they would have a lottery pick, and a high one, No. 2 overall once the pings and the pongs ceased.


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The cancellation occurred after reports that June Shannon, the mother of the family featured in the show, was dating someone with a criminal past. Shannon posted a video denying the allegations and TLC wouldn't publicly cite a reason for the cancellation.
The holidays offer unique challenges in organizing family schedules. Here's what some experts have to say about juggling obligations – from sports to spouses – in order to gather family around the holiday table.
Actress Keira Knightley isn't believable as a 'laggy' – someone who is slow and aimless – or as a woman reclaiming her teenhood, but Chloë Grace Moretz is well cast as the teen with whom she bonds and Sam Rockwell is good as Moretz's caustic but sensitive father.
'Majeure' resembles an Ingmar Bergman movie on the slopes as it depicts the troubles between the father and mother of a Swedish family who are on vacation.
The movie doesn't delve into the legalities of Snowden's actions or address the irony of Snowden being given political asylum in Moscow, but the film ably expresses that it is all too easy for democracies to cross lines when gathering information.
Swift's new album won't be released until Oct. 27, but reviews are already coming in. Though many reviewers note that her previous work had more than a tinge of pop to it, the singer announced that '1989' is her official move to the genre from country.
A Christian Science perspective: If we listen, we can be directed out of danger.
Kat Edmondson's new album 'The Big Picture' has original songcraft and inventive arrangements, a multimedia project gives insight into East German refugees' journey to West Germany, and more top picks.
Actor Felicia Day calls for tolerance and an end to Gamergate cyberbullying.
The movie is a confident debut from director Chad Stahelski and Keanu Reeves is in excellent form as a former assassin out for revenge against a criminal who wronged him.
A small boy in Tennessee managed to find himself inside a toy crane arcade machine. After the fire department was called, the grandma's camera came out. Sometimes a smile for the camera is the best way to diffuse a tricky situation.
A new trailer for the upcoming movie 'The Avengers: Age of Ultron' was supposed to premiere next week, but it appeared online early. Check out the full trailer.
The video of a tap dance off between two American priests in Italy has gone viral. But not everyone is amused.
A Christian Science perspective: Be free.
Parents preparing to take their kids out on Halloween will want to consider everything from setting a budget for costumes to checking bags for candy laced with marijuana. This isn't your parents' old-fashioned Halloween.
The Monitor's language columnist has made peace with 'mentor' as a verb; 'mentee' as the term for the one being mentored, not so much.
This hearty chowder, chock full of potatoes, corn, fish and bacon, gets a sweet note when corn stock stands in for fish stock.
A video featuring little girls standing up to discrimination with some strong words has gone viral. While the message is clear, the aim of the video is not as much. Is the company that produced the video selling equality, or t-shirts?
Dozens of parents in Florida have been arrested for failing to take their kids to elementary school, resulting in some cases to kids missing multiple grade advancements because of truancy. How can other parents lend a hand?
A new study published by professors at Emory University tries to scientifically prove what it takes to be in a successful marriage. But what happens when real life doesn't stand up to the stats, and a marriage is successful despite the numbers?


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Dr. Ellen M. Volkman, MD
Psychiatry, Bacharach Volkman & Associates
- 5450 Knoll North Dr Ste 100
Columbia, MD 21045
- 1 Office Location
- (410) 715-1180
Dr. Ellen M. Volkman has been practicing medicine for 37 years. Dr. Volkman graduated from the University of Maryland School of Medicine in 1977. She practices medicine in Columbia, MD and specializes in Psychiatry.
Gender: Female
Years in Practice: 37 Years
Languages Spoken: English
Medical School: University of Maryland School of Medicine
Graduation Date: 1977
Hospital Affiliations: Not Available
Specialties: Psychiatry


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What They Do
Nurses have flexibility in the hours they work and in their career roles. Those who earn higher academic degrees and have more intensive training can advance into specialized medical disciplines or supervisory and teaching positions. Nurse practitioners have some of the same privileges as doctors, including prescribing medications.
Certified nursing assistants need only a high school diploma and as little as 6 to 12 weeks of training. Those who wish to become registered nurses can attend Associate's and Baccalaureate degree programs; those who wish to become advanced clinical practice registered nurses and registered nurses with advanced practice in education, research, administration and information technology can attend Master's and Doctoral degree programs.
The Demand
Due to advances in health care technology and the increasing focus on prevention, nurses are and will continue to be in high demand. People are living longer and require more medical attention, whether they are healthy or ill. So it is not surprising that geriatric nurses are especially in demand.
Pay is in accordance with the job and education level, certification and experience. Of nursing aides, licensed practical nurses and registered nurses, aides make the least and registered nurses make the most. According to the U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 2008 the median hourly salary for registered nurses was $30.03.
For more information visit the following Web sites: National League for Nursing (www.nln.org); American Association of Colleges of Nursing (www.aacn.nche.edu); and American Nurses Association (www.ana.org).


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Aug. 27 (Bloomberg) -- Charlie Rose sits down with tennis legends Jimmy Connors and John McEnroe, U.S. Open champions Andy Murray, Juan Martin del Potro, Roger Federer, Lleyton Hewitt and Serena Williams. (Source: Bloomberg)
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Oj Da Juiceman Ft. Verse Simmons – Party Started
Posted: Sunday, 18th July, 2010
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Official music video for OJ Da Juiceman's "Party Started" featuring Verse Simmonds, from the mixtape O.R.A.N.G.E. Hosted by DJ Drama.
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Moshe Kasher
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Moshe Kasher. Comedian. Child Genius. Jew. Jew Comedian. OBGYN. Pleasure center. Good tipper. Guiding light. Beefcake. He lives alone in LA. Featured on: NBC's E!'s "Chelsea Lately","Late Night With Jimmy Fallon", Comedy Central, "Conan","Carson Daly", Showtime's "Shameless", MTV.
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Revlon • Nearly Naked Foundation • Foundations
(445 reviews)
|Average Rating.
|Would buy this product again.
Shizuku2 on 12/16/2013 7:21:00 PM more reviews by Shizuku2
Age: 36-43 Skin: Dry, Fair-Medium, Cool Hair: Brunette, Wavy, Coarse Eyes: Hazel
Not a good foundation. The pros: seems to have good staying power and pretty good coverage for a "naked" foundation. The cons:If you have dry skin like i do though, it's not the greatest because it does seem to settle in fine lines (particularly around the mouth, on me at least), and only after less than an hour, and worse, it emphasized pores around my nose and lower cheeks, and honestly my pores aren't even that bad. It also had a tacky feel to the touch, even a couple of hours after applying it. The biggest problem I had was finding a color match, and it also seemed to oxidize and turn orange-ish on me in about 20-30 minutes. I have olive/yellowish undertones, and Revlon recommended (on their site) either the color "Shell" or "Fresh Beige" for me. Well, Shell is too light, and Fresh Beige is too dark, and I don't want to have to buy 2 bottles just to mix and get a color match (plus it probably wouldn't matter anyway, because of the aforementioned oxidization). Plus, even though i'm half Asian with yellow undertones, it was too yellow. I don't like the bottle (it needs a pump, and the cap is inexplicably hard to twist open), and for a drugstore foundation, it's kinda pricey as well (Revlon generally is).
2 out of 2 people found this review helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No
mmm2013 on 12/15/2013 9:11:00 PM more reviews by mmm2013
Age: 19-24 Skin: Very Dry, Medium Hair: Other Eyes: Other
I do not wear foundation! Clogs pores, boyfriend hates it so... I just stopped wearing it. I gave my MAC foundation to my sister because of its white ashy tone (NC45). I went to find black opal stick foundation in RiteAid but Revlon was on 75% mark downs ($2.50). I'm a sucker for a bargain so I hastily bought it. I initially picked up the caramel color but I got toast instead.Wow! It was perfect. This formula is light and the name says it all. I'm going to buy more tomorrow while this sale is on. I will not try anything else for a while. Hopefully my bf likes it as well.
Must try if you don't like the cake face look and you want a nice smooth even tone!
Was this review helpful to you? Yes No
Leex04 on 12/13/2013 1:43:00 PM more reviews by Leex04
Age: 19-24 Skin: Very Dry, Olive Hair: Black Eyes: Black
I like a light foundation on my face and light to medium coverage. I was excited about getting this foundation it gives me a dewy kinda look definitely not matte because of my dry skin.I like the feel as if nothing is on my face and I get that with this foundation. However if I don't use my setting powder in my t-zone it gets me really oily and I don't really like that. It lasts all day and overall its an awesome product!
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mackenziebadham on 12/13/2013 9:24:00 AM more reviews by mackenziebadham
Age: 18 & Under Skin: Combination, Fair Hair: Red Eyes: Hazel
Alright, first off, let's talk about my skin type. I have combination skin on the less finicky end of the scale. Some slightly dry patches, normal around the outside of my face, and oily in my t-zone. I don't break out too easily from foundations, more so powder face products. When I tried this, I was looking for a dupe for the oh-so-loved Naked skin foundation from Urban Decay. But hey, we all were right? The color looked decent (being that I'm fairer than most), so I picked it up. I believe I got it for around $8 which I am now realizing was ridiculous. It looked good when I first applied it so I had high hopes. After having it on for all of 20 minutes, my face was an oil slick! It was greasy and patchy and had turned a completely different color. I always laugh at people's ridiculous claims from my favorite foundations but I kid you not, this was the most ridiculous thing I had ever experienced. I tried it a few other times with various primers, sprays, setting powders, etc., and it made absolutely no difference. Sorry Revlon, this was a flop for me.
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pinkstrawberii on 12/13/2013 2:08:00 AM more reviews by pinkstrawberii
Age: 19-24 Skin: Acne-prone, Medium, Warm Hair: Black, Straight, Coarse Eyes: Black
My everyday foundation! Love how lightweight it feels, definitely that "nearly naked" feeling. Coverage: Buildable. Can range from light to medium coverage.
Finish: Satin
Although I wouldn't count it as my holy grail. Still feel like I could find something better out there but until then I'd repurchase.
Breaks me out. Totally thought other factors were contributing to my acne but eventually pinpointed the source to this particular foundation.
For reference I have acne-prone, sensitive and dry skin.
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prillita on 12/12/2013 6:14:00 PM more reviews by prillita
Age: 25-29 Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium Hair: Brunette Eyes: Brown
I like this foundation! It is quite light, but like the description says, I think it is somewhat build able. Really, for me personally, one layer is enough, maybe another under and around the eyes. It has some great staying power, I was surprised. It's like a lighter version of color stay. I like the way it feels on my skin better than color stay, which really feels like I've put paint on my face sometimes. The color is a pretty good match. I used vanilla and it's a bit lighter but I prefer to go a bit lighter than too dark. I would recommend this to people who are okay not having a very full coverage foundation that feels nice and light on the face.
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*TOP REVIEWER* happynappy1 on 12/10/2013 12:11:00 PM more reviews by happynappy1
Age: 36-43 Skin: Acne-prone, Dark, Cool Hair: Black, Kinky, Fine Eyes: Brown
Even though I'm only giving the Nearly Naked three stars, this is definitely something I'd repurchase and keep as part of my foundation stash.
I purchased this about a month ago (for a buck and some change thanks to my Walgreens points :) and would gladly have paid full price.
1. This is extremely lightweight. I feel like I'm wearing nothing. The texture reminds me of MUFE Face and Body (but without the breakouts!) or MAC Face and Body (but with far more coverage and pigmentation and not nearly as watery.)
2. I am combo/oily but I find that I really don't need to powder this down right now. (It's winter in the Southwest so very dry. I don't know how this will function in the summer.
3. Despite the fact that I am EXTREMELY, EXTREMELY sensitive to cyclopentasiloxane, this has not broken me out. I got the idea to try it from another MUAer who is sensitive to 'cones but had success with this. When I say I'm sensitive to cylcops, I mean ... I wore the Maybelline Fit Me to the movies and had six large pimples on my cheeks by the time the movie ended. This is NOT an exaggeration. No such problems here.
4. The color is very forgiving (See more on this in "cons" below.)
1. Hey Revlon, you usually do pretty well on the shade range? What's with the range for this line? The darkest shade in this is Cappuccino. I am NW50. This is too yellow for me ... BUT, and this is a big one, it is sheer enough that lightly dusted with a pressed powder in a slighter warmer shade, I get a flawless ( but not heavily made up) look. If you are darker than NW45, this shade will likely be off for you but you can make it work. (A bronzer or blush would work, too.)
Overall, I'm pretty happy with this. I like that it's not a "make a long haul to Sephora or Ulta" purchase and is reasonably priced. I also like that it's a fair replacement for MUFE F&B (which I LOVE but breaks me out. :(
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ToriDoll on 12/8/2013 5:36:00 PM more reviews by ToriDoll
Age: 19-24 Skin: Dry, Fair Hair: Blond Eyes: Blue
I enjoy this, its light, buildable, and doesn't dry me out.
I have very dry, acne prone skin; i didnt notice any long term improvements to my skin, but no problems either. color matched perfectly.
Mine is almost a year old and its life is almost over, after a few hours it gets a bit flaky.
I wish makeup companies made half sized bottles too so it wouldn't go bad.
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phoebexhung on 12/7/2013 10:21:00 AM more reviews by phoebexhung
Age: 18 & Under Skin: Combination, Medium, Neutral Hair: Brown, Straight, Medium Eyes: Brown
This foundation has been hyped about by many of my teenage friends and by so many youtuber/bloggers so I decided to get it and decide what i thought about it for myself. I got this in nude and the colour is a good match for my neutral toned skin.
First of all, I love this foundation because it looks very natural which is exactly what I need for school. The coverage is light but covers most of my scars and spots but doesn't feel like I'm wearing a mask which is how I felt when wearing revlon colourstay.
I didn't break out from this at all during the week that I have worn it.
Staying power is pretty good it lasts for 6 hours before my forehead and nose starts looking a bit shiny but the rest of my face stays the same so it'll probably have better results on someone with dry skin.
It has no pump!! I'm always careful to apply this because it's easy to pour out too much product. My solution is to pour it upside down on my real techniques sponge and then apply that to my face. But still...revlon needs to sort out this whole pump thing.
The price is a okaaaay. Not brilliant as you're paying £8.99 for 30ml of minimal coverage but still affordable.
Overall I gave it 4 lippies and would recommend it to others (however my friend tried it on her acne scarred face and all it did was made it more noticable so if you have severe acne, I wouldn't recommend this for you). Even with all it's good points, bourjois healthy mix is still my HG foundation.
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berrydanaxx on 12/2/2013 7:11:00 AM more reviews by berrydanaxx
Age: 18 & Under Skin: Combination, Fair-Medium, Warm Hair: Brunette, Wavy, Medium Eyes: Brown
i can't tell you how much i adore this foundation!! before this, i used revlon's colorstay foundation. i liked it but i'd say the coverage was a bit too heavy for my liking despite the hype it had received from the blogosphere
it was not until my friend introduced me to this had i dare to say i found my new HG foundation.
- very natural looking. You can't go wrong with this foundation. the nearly naked foundation won't cake you up. it gives a nice light-medium coverage. however it is buildable on more problematic areas. considering my skin is clear and i just wear foundation to just even out my skintone, this did the exact job and gave me a perfect, flawless complexion
- it is more expensive than other drugstore brands particularly here in australia retailing for 25. luckily i got it on special and picked it up for 16
- unfortunately it did oxidise throughout the day slightly
- did not control my oily skin despite being
- i'm not a huge fan of the pump free packaging. Not only is it more difficult for me to control the amount of product i use but it's also unhygienic and unsuitable to carry around in my make up bag as i do find foundation tips over onto the lid
overall i love natural looking foundations and this has been the best one yet! until i experiment with more light-medium coverage foundations that are natural looking, the revlon nearly naked foundation will remain my HG foundation
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