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This chapter provides an overview of Oracle Event Processing. It describes key concepts, features, and use cases, including event processing networks, developing with the Eclipse IDE, and managing applications with Oracle Event Processing Visualizer.
This chapter includes the following sections:
Section 1.2, "Oracle Event Processing Application and Development Framework"
Oracle Event Processing is middleware for creating applications that receive potentially large amounts of streaming data representing events, then respond in real time based on the event data. Oracle Event Processing applications can receive event data from sources near and remote, including from sensors (such as for environment conditions), social media, financial feeds, and moving sources such as vehicles or mobile devices.
Some of the logic in Oracle Event Processing applications is typically implemented as Oracle Continuous Query Language (Oracle CQL) queries that examine event data in real time as it is received, filtering the data or watching for patterns. Other logic implemented in Java code can respond to discoveries made from the data, such as by initiating other processes or sending related data to other components (including reporting tools for display in a user interface).
Through connections with external components and resources -- including relational databases, "big data" sources such as Hadoop and NoSQL, Java Message Service (JMS) systems, and caches -- Oracle Event Processing applications can combine or correlate event data with other kinds of data. In this way, these applications integrate ongoing streaming data with existing, relatively static systems.
Very Large Amounts of Data from a Growing List of Sources
Oracle Event Processing provides a way to take advantage of the world's ever-growing amount of event data. Both on public networks such as the Internet and private, corporate networks, the increasing number of event sources and amount of event data provides opportunities that event-driven applications can take advantage of.
Sources of events include:
Applications on mobile devices such as smartphones can provide location data as events that include geographical coordinates.
Social media such as Twitter can offer events related to tweets that mention specific companies or products.
Devices such as the sensors in a data center can send regular, frequent events that contain information about environmental conditions in the rooms containing servers.
The events in each of these examples represent a potentially huge amount of streaming data. To take advantage of the data, an application should be able to filter out irrelevancies and identify patterns of interest that can be used to a company's advantage or to defuse immediate business threats. In many cases, making the most of events means being able to execute application logic in response to particular patterns -- and to do so in real time.
In this context, with so much data moving so quickly, an asynchronous processing model event is needed to ensure that processing scales well. Oracle Event Processing is designed to support very low latency and high throughput in an application context that assumes a large amount of data and a high requirement for immediate response.
The use cases described in this section illustrate specific uses for Oracle Event Processing applications.
Financial: Responsive Customer Relationship
Acting on an initiative to improve relationships with customers, a retail bank designs an effort to provide coupons tailored to each customer's purchase pattern and geography.
The bank collects automated teller machine (ATM) data, including about the geographical region for the customer's most common ATM activity. The bank also captures credit card transaction activity. Using this data, the bank can push purchase incentives (such as coupons) to the customer in real time based on where they are and what they tend to buy.
An Oracle Event Processing application receives event data in the form of ATM and credit card activity. Oracle CQL queries filter incoming events for patterns that isolate the customer's geography (via GPS coordinates) and likely purchase interests nearby. This transient data is matched against the bank's stored customer profile data. If a good match is found, a purchase incentive is sent to the customer in real time, such as through their mobile device.
Telecommunications: Real-Time Billing
Due to significant growth in mobile data usage, a telecommunications company with a large mobile customer base wants to shift billing for data usage from a flat-rate system to a real-time per-use system.
The company tracks IP addresses allocated to mobile devices and correlates this with stored user account data. Additional data is collect from deep-packet inspection (DPI) devices (for finer detail about data plan usage) and IP servers, then inserted into a Hadoop-based big data warehouse.
An Oracle Event Processing application receives usage information as event data in real time. Through Oracle CQL queries, and by correlating transient usage data with stored customer account data, the application determines billing requirements.
Energy: Improving Efficiency Through Analysis of Big Data
A company offering data management devices and services needs to improve its data center coordination and energy management in order to reduce total cost of ownership. The company needs finer-grained, more detailed sensor and data center reporting.
The company receives energy usage sensor data from disparate resources. Data from each sensor must be analyzed for its local relevance, then must be aggregated with data from other sensors to identify patterns that can be used to improve efficiency.
Separate Oracle Event Processing applications provide a two-tiered approach. One application, deployed in each of thousands of data centers, receives sensor data as event data. Through Oracle CQL queries against events representing the sensor data, this application analyzes local usage, filtering for fault and problem events and sending alerts when needed. The other application, deployed in multiple central management sites, receives event data from lower-tier the applications. This application aggregates and correlates data from across the system to identify consistency issues and produce data to be used in reports on patterns.
Understanding the Oracle Event Processing framework includes looking at it from the perspective of its key concepts, development artifacts and process, and constituent technologies.
The following sections describe concepts that are important to understanding how applications work
Section 1.2.3, "Development Process and Lifecycle for Oracle Event Processing Applications"
The concepts described in this section represent ideas that are unique to the event-driven model on which Oracle Event Processing applications are based. If you are new to this model, getting to know these concepts should help provide a basis for understanding more specific and technical aspects of Oracle Event Processing.
event data
Event data is data received from (or sent to) a component that is external to the EPN. Event data is typically in a form that is understandable to the external component with which Oracle Event Processing is communicating. For example, the data coming from a sensing device will likely be in a form native to that device.
Event data is made up of tuples, or ordered lists of elements. For example, the following list of values could be a tuple representing a trade of 50 shares of Oracle stock at 30.86 a share:
You can think of event data tuples as similar to rows in a database. The data has a schema -- here, {symbol as string,price as double,volume as integer} -- that defines a consistent shape for the data.
event type
An event type provides structure to represent event data inside an EPN -- it normalizes event data received by the application. The recommended way to create an event type is to create a JavaBean in which properties correspond to elements in event data tuples.
When event data arrives at an EPN, it is bound to an instance of the event type that was developed to represent it. The event type instance -- usually referred to simply as an "event" -- provides developers with a predictable, normalized way to access the event data from code in EPN stages.
Connected stages in an EPN provide a way to execute different kinds of code against events passing through the EPN. Kinds of stages can include an adapter, a processor, and a bean.
For example, an adapter could receive event data and bind it to an event type instance, then pass the event along to a processor. The processor's Continuous Query Language (CQL) code can query the events (as SQL code queries database rows), looking for particular patterns in the data as it flows through the EPN. Events that meet the pattern criteria could be passed along to a bean (written in Java), where the data could be used in a calculation with data retrieved from an external source. A further bean could use the calculation result to execute a process using an external component.
event sources and sinks
Any component designed to receive or send events in an EPN (such as EPN stages) must have been implemented specifically to do so. Components that are able to receive events are known as event sinks, while components that send events are known as event sources. A single component is usually both.
The set of stage components included in Oracle Event Processing, such as adapters and the components on which CQL processors are based, already support the required functionality. Developers can add event sink and source support to beans, new adapters, and other code they write by implementing interfaces from the OEP API.
streams and relations
The concepts of streams and relations are unique to Oracle Event Processing applications. As a result, they can seem more esoteric than other application ideas. However, they're important for describing changes in the condition of events as a result of queries.
A stream of events is in sequential order by time -- one after the other. Events are by definition time-based, so a stream is that sense the natural condition of events. It is how event data arrives at an Oracle Event Processing application.
A relation is, in a manner of speaking, a bucket of related events. A relation is the result produced by many CQL queries. So you can think of a relation as being similar to the results of a database query. Events in a relation are, well, related by some criteria, such as those used in the query. They aren't in sequential order.
An event processing network (EPN) is the core of each Oracle Event Processing application. The application processes the events it receives as each event moves from one part of the application to another.
To process events with Oracle Event Processing, you build an application whose core is an EPN. The EPN is made up of stages that each serve a distinct role in processing events, from receiving event data to querying the data to executing logic based on what is discovered about the events. The application receives raw event data, binds the data to event types, then routes the events from stage to stage for processing.
Event processing networks improve the ability to integrate through separately developed components working correctly together. For example, one can add user code and reference to external services at several places in the network.
Figure 1-1 Oracle Event Processing Application
A developer creates an EPN by assembling stages in a sequence so that events can be filtered, analyzed, and responded in real time. Each stage in the sequence provides its own logic for filtering and responding to event data.
Oracle Event Processing includes support for the following kinds of stages:
Adapters provide a way for the EPN to exchange data with components that are external to the network. Adapters understand the inbound and outbound protocols for the component they're interacting with. They are also responsible for converting the event data into the normalized form represented by an event type. Oracle Event Processing includes adapters for exchanging data as CSV files (for testing and debugging purposes), as well as with the Java Message Service (JMS) and an included HTTP Publish-Subscribe server. Developers can also create their own adapters using the Oracle Event Processing API.
Processors contain query code written in Continuous Query Language (CQL) and consume normalized event data from a channel that precedes them in the network. As part of their work, processors may also generate new events to an output channel. CQL extends the database query language, SQL. CQL includes functionality specifically designed for querying streaming data, and is particularly useful for fine-grained queries of events. Within a processor, a CQL developer can write multiple query blocks in which one block executes against the results of another.
Bean stages provide a place for logic written in Java. Java code in a bean implements Oracle Event Processing API interfaces through which the code can receive events (an event sink), send events (an event source), or both. A developer can implement a bean following either the standard Spring bean model or the OEP event bean model, which supports OEP-specific functionality. Support for the Spring bean model is particularly useful in cases where existing Spring bean code can be leveraged in the EPN.
Channels connect some kinds of stages, and also feature configuration options that can be used to tune and enhance performance. For example, channels can queue event data until a processor agent can act upon it.
The following very brief EPN topology examples suggest how stages can be combined to achieve certain goals:
Adapter -> Channel -> Bean
Scenario: Events do not need to be processed by an Oracle CQL query. Events received are only adapted from a proprietary protocol to some normalized model.
Adapter -> Channel -> Processor -> Channel -> Bean
Scenario: Events must be processed by a single Oracle CQL stage, then sent through to logic coded in Java. For example, the processor might filter to only those events that are relevant to action taken by logic in the bean.
Adapter -> Channel -> Processor -> Channel -> Bean -> Channel -> Processor -> Channel -> Bean
Scenario: Events pass through two layers of event processing, each with its own Oracle CQL query code. The first processor discovers causal relationships between events, while the second processor aggregates events to pass along those that are notable for logic implemented in the bean.
Developing event-driven applications with Oracle Event Processing is in most ways like developing applications on more common models, such as models for JEE applications. However, specific aspects of event-driven applications, in particular the time-oriented quality of working with streaming data, drive a need for specific tools and processes.
The following sections introduce the application development lifecycle as it pertains specifically to Oracle Event Processing applications.
The development stages described in this section assume that you have installed and configured the Oracle Event Processing server. This step installs the server, but also supporting functionality such as clustering, security, network I/O, Java Management Extensions (JMX), JDBC, HTTP Publish-Subscribe server, and logging.
Once you install and configure the server, the following stages include both development and administrative work.
Design and develop applications using an integrated development environment (IDE).
Deploy applications using an included command-line or browser-based tool.
Configure applications either by directly editing configuration artifacts or through an included browser-based tool.
Test applications with event data, including by injecting and tracing data against specific stages in an event processing network.
Monitor aspects of the application, including channels, cluster nodes, and caches.
The following sections provides more detailed information on each of these lifecycle phases.
Designing and Developing
With application goals in hand, developers define the schema for events that the application will handle. Event schemas used within the application are based on event data received from external components (such as a monitoring device). The event properties in a schema is often a subset of the data received since only certain elements might be needed. Application designers also define for external components (if any) that the application will interact with, such as a cache containing identifying data needed in combination with event data to interact with an external component.
In developing the application, a developer builds out an event processing network by selecting and configuring stages in the network. The developer might write logic code for certain stages, such as CQL code in processors and Java code in beans.
For example, a CQL developer might add query code to a processor stage designed to identify events that are part of a particular pattern (such as a dramatic temperature increase within 10 minutes' time). Then, within a JavaBean added as an event bean stage, a developer could include logic in Java to take action based on the content of events found in the pattern (for example, by sending an alert using an event property value that indicates where the temperature increase is occurring).
All of this is most easily done using an integrated development environment (IDE) that includes design tools specifically created for building Oracle Event Processing applications. Current releases of Oracle Event Processing include an Eclipse plugin with these tools. With an IDE, a developer can iteratively code, deploy, and debug an application until it is ready for testing and production.
Oracle Event Processing applications support deployment to standalone and multi-server domains. You can use one of two methods to deploy an application for testing and production: the Deployer command-line utility and Oracle Event Processing Visualizer. (During development, it's common to use an IDE to deploy an application in progress.)
The Deployer is a command-line utility that uses HTTP to connect to the OEP server and deploy the specified application. Deployer can also be used for other operations, such as suspending, resuming, and uninstalling.
Oracle Event Processing Visualizer is a browser-based tool for managing OEP servers and applications. The tool simplifies deployment and runtime configuration for both servers and the applications that run on them.
Oracle Event Processing provides multiple layers of configuration for tuning. In addition to full configuration options for the server itself, Oracle Event Processing provides configuration for event processing network stages and other application characteristics. In particular, Oracle CQL queries are configurable at runtime.
Many of these configuration options may be used to tune the server and applications for performance and high availability.
In addition to providing server and application management, Oracle Event Processing Visualizer provides a means to test an application by tracing and injecting events. Event tracing displays messages for events as they pass through the EPN. With event injection, you can inject an event into a particular EPN stage in order to discover or confirm how that stage handles an event with particular properties.
Through the Oracle Event Processing Visualizer and programmatic resources, you can monitor aspects of an application in production. For example, Oracle Event Processing Visualizer provides the ability to monitor event throughput and latency. It also provides the ability to monitor Coherence cluster nodes and caching.
The Oracle Event Processing platform is made up of standard technologies that provide functionality for developing application logic, as well as deploying and configuring applications.
Much of the Oracle Event Processing server's functionality is written in the Java programming language. Java is the language you use to write some components that make up an OEP application. These include event beans and Spring beans.
Spring is a collection of technologies designed to ease and augment enterprise application development with Java. Oracle Event Processing makes significant use of the Spring configuration model, which developers use to connect and configure parts of an application. OEP applications also support adding logic as Spring beans, Java components that support Spring framework features.
You can find out more about Spring at the project's web site: http://www.springsource.org/get-started
OSGi (formerly the Open Services Gateway initiative) is the module system through which Oracle Event Processing application components are assembled in a deployment. By following OSGi component guidelines, OEP application components support a modular assembly model that eases management.
You can find out more about OSGi at wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSGi
As with many other enterprise applications, Oracle Event Processing application configuration files are written in XML. These files include the EPN assembly file, which defines relationships between EPN stages, along with other design-time configuration. A separate configuration XML file contains configuration that can be modified after the application is deployed, including Oracle CQL queries.
Structured Query Language (SQL) is the basis for Oracle Continuous Query Language (Oracle CQL), which extends SQL with functionality designed to address the needs of applications that use streaming data.
Oracle CQL developers can access "big data" Hadoop data sources from query code. Hadoop is an open source technology that provides access to large data sets that are distributed across clusters. One strength of the Hadoop software is that it provides access to large quantities of data not stored in a relational database.
If you need more information about Hadoop, you might start with the Hadoop project web site at
Oracle CQL developers can access "big data" NoSQL data sources from query code. The Oracle NoSQL Database is a distributed key-value database. In it, data is stored as key-value pairs, which are written to particular storage node(s). Storage nodes are replicated to ensure high availability, rapid failover in the event of a node failure and optimal load balancing of queries.
If you need more information about Oracle NoSQL, be sure to see its Oracle Technology Network page at
Oracle Event Processing includes tools designed to ease development and management of the Oracle Event Processing server and applications.
Oracle Event Processing IDE for Eclipse
Oracle Event Processing includes a plugin for use with the Eclipse integrated development environment (IDE). The Oracle Event Processing IDE for Eclipse includes features specifically designed to ease development of Oracle Event Processing applications. Figure 1-2 shows the IDE open to show the editor for designing an event processing network (EPN).
Figure 1-2 Oracle Event Processing IDE for Eclipse
The Oracle Event Processing IDE for Eclipse is a set of plugins for the Eclipse IDE designed to help develop, deploy, and debug Oracle Event Processing applications.
The key features of Oracle Event Processing IDE for Eclipse are:
Project creation wizards and templates to quickly get started building event driven applications.
Advanced editors for source files including Java and XML files common to Oracle Event Processing applications.
Integrated server management to seamlessly start, stop, and deploy to Oracle Event Processing server instances all from within the IDE.
Integrated debugging.
Event processing network (EPN) visual design views for orienting and navigating in event processing applications.
Integrated support for the Oracle Event Processing Visualizer so you can use the Oracle Event Processing Visualizer from within the IDE (see Oracle Event Processing Visualizer).
For more information, see:
Section 2.7, "Installing the Oracle Event Processing IDE for Eclipse"
Oracle Fusion Middleware Developer's Guide for Oracle Event Processing for Eclipse
Oracle Event Processing Visualizer
Oracle Event Processing provides an administration console called the Oracle Event Processing Visualizer. This tool provides access to server and application configuration options that are available at runtime, including the ability to edit Oracle CQL queries and to test an application by injecting events.
Figure 1-3 shows Oracle Event Processing Visualizer displaying the Oracle CQL design user interface.
Figure 1-3 Oracle Event Processing Visualizer
Using Oracle Event Processing Visualizer, you can manage, tune, and monitor Oracle Event Processing server domains and the Oracle Event Processing applications you deploy to them all from a browser. Oracle Event Processing Visualizer provides a variety of sophisticated run-time administration tools,�r� including support for Oracle CQL and EPL rule maintenance and creation.
Oracle Event Processing Visualizer is pre-installed in every Oracle Event Processing server.
For more information, see Oracle Fusion Middleware Visualizer User's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
Oracle Event Processing provides the following documentation.
Oracle Fusion Middleware Getting Started Guide for Oracle Event Processing
Use this guide to get an introduction to Oracle Event Processing. The guide describes where it is useful and what its framework is made up of.
Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
Use this guide to deploy and manage Oracle Event Processing applications. It describes how to manage Oracle Event Processing in single- and multi-server domains. It also describes how to configure component parts of an installation, including security, Jetty, JMX, and JDBC.
Oracle Fusion Middleware Developer's Guide for Oracle Event Processing for Eclipse
This guide describes how to develop Oracle Event Processing applications. It introduces key concepts at a more technical level. It also describes the parts of a typical application, along with how to assemble them.
Oracle Fusion Middleware Visualizer User's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
Use this guide when using the browser-based Oracle Event Processing Visualizer to manage and configure the Oracle Event Processing server and applications deployed on it.
Oracle Fusion Middleware CQL Language Reference for Oracle Event Processing
Use this reference for descriptions and syntax of the Oracle CQL language. Oracle CQL extends Structured Query Language (SQL) to address the particular needs of querying streaming data.
Oracle Fusion Middleware EPL Language Reference for Oracle Event Processing
This reference describes the deprecated Oracle Event Processing Language (EPL). All new development should use Oracle Continuous Query Language instead. Support and documentation for this language will be removed in a future release.
For detailed information on the platforms that Oracle Event Processing supports, see:
You can find the installation program appropriate for your platform here:
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/complex-event-processing/downloads/index.html. For more information, see Section 2.1, "Installation Overview".
Install Oracle Event Processing 11g Release 1 (11.1.1).
Understand how the sample applications have been programmed by viewing the source and configuration files and then building them from their respective source directories.
For more about the samples, see "Oracle Event Processing Samples" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Developer's Guide for Oracle Event Processing for Eclipse.
Create your own Oracle Event Processing domain.
"Creating an Oracle Event Processing Standalone-Server Domain" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
"Creating an Oracle Event Processing Multi-Server Domain Using Oracle Coherence" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
"Creating an Oracle Event Processing Multi-Server Domain Using Oracle Event Processing Native Clustering" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
Create a new Oracle Event Processing application and deploy it to your new domain.
See "Overview of Creating Oracle Event Processing Applications" in the Oracle Fusion Middleware Developer's Guide for Oracle Event Processing for Eclipse.
Pose questions and find solutions using the Oracle Event Processing forum:
Getting Started Guide for Oracle Event Processing
11g Release 1 (220.127.116.11)
February 2013
Documentation for administrators and developers that describes how to get started with Oracle Event Processing, a Java server for developing high-performance event-driven applications. It includes an overview of features and concepts, sample applications, and installation guidelines.
Oracle Fusion Middleware Getting Started Guide for Oracle Event Processing 11g Release 1 (184.108.40.206)
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An element of the EPN that interfaces directly to an inbound event source. Adapters understand the inbound protocol, and are responsible for converting the event data into a normalized form that can be queried by a POJO. Adapters forward the normalized event data into a Stream.
Aggregate Function
Aggregate functions return a single aggregate result based on group of tuples, rather than on a single tuple.
See also Function and Single-Row Function.
A channel represents the physical conduit through which events flow between other types of components, such as between an Adapter and a Processor, and between a Processor and an Event Bean. A channel can model a Stream or Relation.
An Oracle CQL condition specifies a combination of one or more expressions and logical (Boolean) operators and returns a value of
FALSE, or
Constant value
A fixed data value. Synonymous with Literal.
Oracle Continuous Query Language. Supersedes EPL.
Data Feed
A synonym for Event Source.
An Oracle CQL destination identifies a consumer of query results such as the Enterprise Link BAM Adapter, JMS queue or topic, or file.
Deterministic Garbage Collection
Short, predictable pause times for memory heap garbage collection, which is the process of clearing dead objects from the heap, thus releasing that space for new objects.
Oracle Event Processing Language. Superseded by CQL.
Oracle Event Processing Network. An EPN is the arbitrary interconnection of Adapter, Stream, POJO, and business logic POJOs used by Oracle Event Processing to process events.
Event Bean
A POJO to that contains the business logic executed when a notable event is detected. An event bean is an Event Sink.
Event Sink
A component that consumes events, such as a Processor.
See also Event Source.
Event Source
A component that provides events, such as a sensor, wire service, or stock ticker.
See also Data Feed and Event Sink.
An Oracle CQL expression is a combination of one or more values, operators, and Oracle CQL functions that evaluates to a value. An expression generally assumes the datatype of its components.
Format model
A character literal that describes the format of datetime or numeric data stored in a character string.
Oracle CQL functions are similar to operators in that they manipulate data items and return a result. Functions differ from operators in the format of their arguments. This format enables them to operate on zero, one, two, or more arguments.
See also Condition, Aggregate Function, and Single-Row Function.
Incremental Processing
A user-defined aggregate function design pattern that improves scalability and performance by ensuring that the cost of (re)computation on arrival of new events will be proportional to the number of new events as opposed to the total number of events seen thus far.
If your user-defined aggregate function supports incremental processing, you specify the
supports incremental processing clause in the
register function statement to instruct the Oracle Event Processing Service Engine to supply only the new event data as opposed to performing a rescan over already processed event data.
An expression of how much time it takes for data to get from one designated point to another.
A fixed data value. Synonymous with Constant value.
A sequence of values that are consistently increasing and never decreasing or consistently decreasing and never increasing. The sequence may contain multiple consecutive occurrences of the same value.
Now window
A special case of the time-based sliding window on a stream
S that takes a time-interval
T as a parameter and is specified by:
S [Range T]. A
Now window is defined as:
S [Now] (short for
S [Range 0]). When
T = 0, the relation at time
t consists of tuples obtained from elements of
S with timestamp
See also Sliding window.
Oracle CQL operators manipulate data items and return a result. Syntactically, an operator appears before or after an operand or between two operands.
A dynamic module system for Java that provides a service-oriented, component-based environment and standardized software lifecycle management. Oracle Event Processing applications are packaged and deployed as OSGi bundles. For more information, see
Partitioned window
A partitioned sliding window on a stream
S takes a positive integer number of tuples
N and a subset
{A1,... Ak} of the stream's attributes as parameters and is specified by:
S[Partition By A1 ... Ak Rows N] or, optionally,
S[Partition By A1 ... Ak Rows N Range T].
See also Sliding window.
A Plain Old Java Object. A Java class that is not required to implement a third-party interface or extend a third-party class. In Oracle Event Processing, you can express your business logic using POJOs.
An element of the EPN that consumes normalized event data from a stream, processes it using queries (expressed in CQL or EPL), and may generate new events to an output stream.
A query is an operation that retrieves data from one or more streams or views. In this reference, a top-level
SELECT statement is called a query.
A level of computer responsiveness that a user senses as sufficiently immediate or that enables the computer to keep up with some external process (for example, to present visualizations of the weather as it constantly changes).
A relation is time-varying bag of tuples. Here "time" refers to an instant in the time domain. At every instant of time, a relation is a bounded set. It can also be represented as a sequence of timestamped tuples that includes insertions, deletions, and updates to capture the changing state of the relation. The updates are required to arrive at the system in the order of increasing timestamps. Like streams, relations have a fixed schema to which all tuples conform.
A relation-to-stream operator that maintains the entire current state of its input relation and outputs all of the tuples as insertions at each time step.
Single-Row Function
Single-row functions return a single result row for every row of a queried stream or view.
See also Function and Aggregate Function.
Sliding window
A stream-to-relation operator based on the window specification derived from SQL99.
See also: Now window, Partitioned window, Unbounded window, tuple-based, and Unbounded window, time-based.
An Oracle CQL source identifies a producer of data that a Oracle CQL query operates on such as the Enterprise Link BAM Adapter, JMS queue or topic, or file.
Spring Framework
A light-weight, open source application framework for Java. Oracle Event Processing server uses the Spring Framework to host Oracle Event Processing applications. For more information, see
A stream is a sequence of timestamped tuples. There could be more than one tuple with the same timestamp. The tuples of an input stream are required to arrive at the system in the order of increasing timestamps. A stream has an associated schema consisting of a set of named attributes, and all tuples of the stream conform to the schema.
A stream is a bag (or multi-set) of tuple-timestamp pairs, which can be represented as a sequence of timestamped tuple "insertions".
In Oracle Event Processing, a stream is modeled as a channel component.
An Oracle CQL source identifies a producer of data that a Oracle CQL query operates on such as the Enterprise Link BAM Adapter, JMS queue or topic, or file.
The term "tuple of a stream" denotes the ordered list of data (excluding timestamp data) portion of a stream element (the
s of
<s,t>). For example, a stock ticker data stream might appear like this where each stream element is made up of
<timestamp value>,
<stock symbol>, and
<stock price>:
... <timestampN> NVDA,4 <timestampN+1> ORCL,62 <timestampN+2> PCAR,38 <timestampN+3> SPOT,53 <timestampN+4> PDCO,44 <timestampN+5> PTEN,50 ...
In the stream element
<timestampN+1> ORCL,62, the tuple is
See also Stream.
Unbounded window, time-based
A special case of the time-based sliding window on a stream
S that takes a time-interval
T as a parameter and is specified by:
S [Range T]. An
Unbounded window is defined as:
S [Range Unbounded] (short for
S [Range infinity]). When
T = infinity, the relation at time
t consists of tuples obtained from all elements of
S up to
See also Sliding window.
Unbounded window, tuple-based
A special case of the tuple-based sliding window on a stream
S that takes a number of tuples
N as a parameter and is specified by:
S [Rows N]. An
Unbounded window is defined as:
S [Rows Unbounded] (short for
S [Rows infinity] and equivalent to
S [Range Unbounded]). When
T = infinity, the relation at time
t consists of tuples obtained from all elements of
S up to
See also Sliding window.
This document provides general background information and detailed code samples to help you learn about Oracle Event Processing and the Oracle Continuous Query Language (Oracle CQL).
This document is intended for users interested in learning about Oracle Event Processing and Oracle CQL. Readers should be familiar with basic Java development. Some knowledge of SQL would be helpful.
For information about Oracle's commitment to accessibility, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program website at
Access to Oracle Support
Oracle customers have access to electronic support through My Oracle Support. For information, visit
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=info or visit
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=trs if you are hearing impaired.
For more information, see the following:
Oracle Fusion Middleware Administrator's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
Oracle Fusion Middleware Developer's Guide for Oracle Event Processing for Eclipse
Oracle Fusion Middleware Visualizer User's Guide for Oracle Event Processing
Oracle Fusion Middleware Java API Reference for Oracle Event Processing
Oracle Fusion Middleware CQL Language Reference for Oracle Event Processing
Oracle Database SQL Language Reference at
SQL99 Specifications (ISO/IEC 9075-1:1999, ISO/IEC 9075-2:1999, ISO/IEC 9075-3:1999, and ISO/IEC 9075-4:1999)
Oracle Event Processing Forum:
Oracle Event Processing Samples:
The following text conventions are used in this document:
Boldface type indicates graphical user interface elements associated with an action, or terms defined in text or the glossary.
Italic type indicates book titles, emphasis, or placeholder variables for which you supply particular values.
Monospace type indicates commands within a paragraph, URLs, code in examples, text that appears on the screen, or text that you enter.


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Ulua Beach Park in Wailea is known by locals and visitors as one of the best parks on the South Side offering beach access; beautiful, shady, mature monkeypod trees; hedges of hibiscus; colorful trees; but most of all, shady and cool.
Have a look now at the total destruction with no public notice or warnings before it happened. The Maui County Arborist Committee was not even informed.
Someone wrote that no tax dollars were consumed by this tree destruction. But I think the budget was definitely impacted by the amount of time county employees spent processing permits, reading documents, attending meetings, driving county vehicles to and from the site, making site inspections, and providing legal services and opinions. I assume everyone understands that all of this costs money. Money spent on a low-priority item that takes time and resources away from major county projects, like street repair, building repair, and grants to non-profits and education. The list is endless, so please, saying it does not cost the taxpayers is an insult.
It has been said that there were complaints about lack of parking at Ulua. There is a huge parking lot at The Shops at Wailea. There simply was no excuse for chopping mature trees when they could have been saved. And I wonder how many people would say, "Chop down a big tree so I can park my car?" Something is not right here. The powers that be need to give up the ax when it comes to trees.
Marilyn Colvin Kihei

subset: commoncrawl


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Hello, I'm atropo, a fangurl, a nerd, an artist, 23. This blog is a trash can of reblogs, doodles and stuff I like. NSFW, and English's not my native, so might be lots of mistakes here.
Fandoms: Outlast, Tron, DEHR, Bioshock, Portal, TF2 and some others.
Ask Variant Waylon blog (Outlast)
Ask Gibson blog (Tron)
Ask Faridah Malik blog (DEHR)
Skype: atropomorphE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com info
PREEEEEEETTY. :D Also I kind of love his little shoes. That's adorable to me.
/gross scream crying because i just woke up but this is gorgeous ubububu atropo how do you even work godfndkvn this is...


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Begin Your Search
WineAccess Travel Log
Read stories from the world's greatest wine trails.
More About This Wine
Related Products
Additional Vintages
2009 Montinore Estate Pinot Noir Cataclysm Willamette Valley
Producer: Montinore Estate
Style: Red Wine
Grape Type: Pinot Noir
Origin: Oregon
Region: Willamette Valley
90 Points | International Wine Cellar , July/August 2012
Bright red. Musky, spice-accented aromas of cherry, blackberry and sassafras, with a smoky topnote. Shows good energy for the vintage, offering gently sweet red and dark berry flavors with a refreshingly bitter edge. The sappy finish offers very good persistence and clinging raspberry and cola qualities.


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Mark Cuban Supports Fining The Spurs
December 3, 2012 7:43 AM
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NEW YORK (CBS SPORTS) - Mark Cuban is in agreement with the commissioner. Yes, this is indeed real life.
David Stern fined the San Antonio Spurs $250,000 for sending four players home prior to a national TV game against the Miami Heat. And, of all people, the Dallas Mavericks owner has come to Stern's defense. Sort of.
Cuban put it this way: He said protecting the league's network partnerships is the most important thing because those agreements are "the money train, period, end of story, no questions asked."
Click Here To Read More From CBS Sports
Also Check Out:


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Shorthanded due to four players serving suspensions, Liberty rung up three goals in a span of four minutes midway through the third period to storm past Loyola (Md.), 7-3. Read More >
The three members of the inaugural class of Liberty's Club Sports Hall of Fame were announced this week and will be enshrined at the program's first induction ceremony Dec. 5. Read More >
Facing its first collegiate competition of the season, Liberty taged back-to-back home wins over East Carolina, 7-2 on Friday afternoon and George Mason, 4-2 on Saturday morning. Read More >
Trailing 3-2 and with its top two scorers from last year and top defenseman out of the game, Liberty rallied for the tying and go-ahead goals late in the third period of a 5-3 win. Read More >
View More Headlines
Full Schedule
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©Copyright 2014 Liberty University. All rights reserved.


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NEW YORK (AP) - Here's a scary snack for trick-or-treaters: Candy Corn Oreos.
Kraft Foods Inc. says it's introducing its famous wafer cookie in a candy corn flavor ahead of the Halloween season. The cookies will be available exclusively at Target Corp. stores and cost $3.59 for a package.
Oreo is one of Kraft's biggest global snack brands. The Northfield, Ill., company adapts the black-and-white cookie for different markets - such as fruity flavors in China - and produces limited-edition versions. This year, for example, it sold Birthday Cake Oreos in celebration of the brand's 100th anniversary.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Ask a Question
FamousFootwear.com asked: Why did you choose this?
- Roberta: "My 6 year old granddaughter picked these out."
- celda: "My daughter love the shoes"
- yolanda: "colors"
- Erika: "Christmas present for niece"
- L: "So cute. My daughter can't wait to get these!"
- Sabrina: "My daughter loved the color"
- HOLLY: "SUPER CUTE and Love the rewards certificate!"
- Erica: "Cute & different"
- Lillian: "Daughter wanted them."
- Marisa: "daughter liked them"
- Shannon: "cute"
- Jennifer: "my daughter liked them"
- Patricia: "My daughter likes bright colors and fashionable accents. She loves hi top shoes and I think she will love to use these at school. Besides purple and green are her favorite colors."
- Verell: "Back to School"
- Leona: "My daughter love pink, she thought they were cute."
- Shenitha: "my daughter is 11 and she is in a cheetah print phase"
- Monica: "my little one loved the style"


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NASDAQ launches hostile bid for New York Stock Exchange
NASDAQ OMX CEO Bob Greifeld said: "The NYSE Euronext Board has continually challenged the seriousness of our proposal and refused to engage us in discussion despite the positive feedback we have received from their stockholders. The commencement of this exchange offer should convince the NYSE Euronext Board of the seriousness of our intentions. We continue to welcome the opportunity to enter into meaningful discussion with the NYSE Euronext Board in order to achieve a transaction that is in the best interests of their stockholders."
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Air Jordan All Day – Black – Red – Cement – White | Unreleased Sample
July 8th, 2010 by Aaron Hope | 7 comments
A few colorways of the Air Jordan All Day basketball shoe released earlier this year, but the one pictured above never made the cut. It's a shame too, cos the Air Jordan III-evoking colorway complete with Cement Grey Elephant print woulda been one of the best editions, had it ever hit retail. Instead, all we have to prove that the concept ever existed is this super-rare US mens size 9 sample, which is available for a short time from lacedheat on eBay.
Style: 130828 XC
Color: Black/Cement Grey-Varsity Red-White


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Slough View Cabin
The Slough View Cabin (pronounced SLEW-view) 131 Bois d' Arc Drive Uncertain, Tx is a beautifully decorated, intimate cabin for 2 to 4 persons, nestled in the woods on the edge of a slough. Relax on the comfortable swing glider and read a book, take the canoe or kayak out for a leisurely paddle, or just listen to the quiet. The cabin is fully furnished, with air conditioning for summer and heat for winter, and all the linens, towels, kitchen utensils and equipment that you may need. Slough View has:
- One bedroom with king bed and all linens
- One bath with all towels provided
- Living area with queen sleeper sofa, comfy rocker, dining table and chairs
- Central air and heat
- Satellite TV, DVD and movie assortment
- "Suite" kitchen with microwave, refrigerator, toaster and coffee maker; coffees, teas, hot chocolates, and snacks; outside, a two-burner range top; all dishes, silverware, pots and pans, etc.
- Screen porch with table, chairs, and glider
- Outdoor grill with charcoal and lighter
- Wi-Fi
- Bicycles
- Canoes and kayaks (with paddles and lifejackets) available within walking (or biking) distance
The Slough View is a NO SMOKING lodging.
Small dogs (under 10 lbs) are allowed in the Slough View
with prior approval.
Cancellation and Reservation Policy
A credit card or deposit (check or money order equal to
one night stay) is required to hold your reservation;
Holiday stays require deposit for two nights.
We accept cash, or personal check for
payment at the time of your visit. Credit card payment
is accepted with prior approval.
Notice of cancellation must be made 10 days in
advance. If we do not receive notification at least ten days
prior to your arrival date, your deposit will be forfeit, or your
credit card will be charged for one night's lodging
(two for holidays).
View Larger Map


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Biography: She is the best dog I've ever had!! She loves the water, playing hide & seek, sunbathing, playing with Red, truck rides, etc..She lives with her dad now, so I don't get to see her too often.
Here at The Daily Puppy, we love puppies of all shapes, sizes, breeds, and colors. We encourage visitors to browse our puppy picture archives to look at all the adorable photos of past daily puppies, and to bookmark this page and visit often to see what cutie-pie graces the front page. Want us to run a feature of your special little puppy? We are always looking for submissions of the cutest puppies on the planet.
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Topics: Medicare, Quality
Nov 16, 2010
The New York Times: "One of every seven Medicare beneficiaries who is hospitalized is harmed as a result of problems with the medical care there, according to a new study [.pdf] from the Office of Inspector General for the Department of Health and Human Services. The study said unexpected adverse events added at least $4.4 billion a year to government health costs and contributed to the deaths of about 180,000 patients a year." Adverse events ranged "from a temporary health setback to death, during a hospital stay" and the study "said 44 percent of them were 'clearly or likely preventable'" (Wilson, 11/15).
USA Today: "The study is the first of its kind aimed at understanding 'adverse events' in hospitals — essentially, any medical care that causes harm to a patient, according to the Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Inspector General. … Patients in the study, a nationally representative sample that focused on 780 Medicare patients discharged from hospitals in October 2008, suffered such problems as bed sores, infections and excessive bleeding from blood-thinning drugs, the report found. The federal Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality called the results 'alarming'" (Rubin, 11/16).
This is part of Kaiser Health News' Daily Report - a summary of health policy coverage from major news organizations. The full summary of the day's news can be found here and you can sign up for e-mail subscriptions to the Daily Report here. In addition, our staff of reporters and correspondents file original stories each day, which you can find on our home page.
© 2014 Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. All rights reserved.


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- Star Trek: The Motion Picture
- Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan
- Star Trek III: The Search for Spock
- Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home
- Star Trek V: The Final Frontier
- Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country
- Star Trek Generations
hologram generator
- Next Article
holographic information module
- Previous Article
holodeck matter
Device used to conceal anthropological teams and their survey sites from native planetary life forms, so that the anthropologists can make observations without being detected. In 2366, the generator at a Mintaka III station failed, caused cultural contamination when the Mintakans captured a member of the anthropology team stationed on that planet.
Star Trek TNG Command Uniform T-Shirt
$24.95 $19.96Buy Now
Star Trek The Next Generation Operations Uniform Gold
$49.99 $39.99Buy Now


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Foster (DVD)
Miracles do happen
Zooey and Alec Morrison, are a married couple who are struggling to bridge the painful gap that is developing between them. Unable to conceive, the Morrisons await confirmation of a child to foster. One day a seven year old boy who calls himself "Eli" appears on their doorstep quite mysteriously, explaining the foster agency has sent him.Eli is old beyond his years and provides the couple with moral support and advice on how to save their relationship. Adored by his foster mother and admired by his foster father, Eli helps Zooey and Alec learn to have fun again and start to rekindle their relationship.
Foster (DVD)
DeVoteD DVD © 2014
All trademarks and artwork copyright their respective owners.
Artwork, price and product information may be subject to change.


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Welcome to MaryJoBurke.com.
My paranormal romance, All Hours Trading, tells the story of Ann Milton, and her vampire lover, Lance Cheron. Ann is a financial planner for the undead and supernaturally challenged. Shadows from his past cloud their future. Is it possible to kill a centuries old she-devil, procreate, and guarantee and ten percent return on investment?
My fantasy romance, Mother Nature's Man arrived in January. Siobhan Bolyn, Goddess of the Flame, Keeper of the Land and Water needs a man. He must be of champion stock to father her child. Niall Calhoun meets every criteria and then some. After battling for and against the forces of nature, will they have time or energy to fall in love?
I send a special note of thanks and lots of love to my fabulous family and friends. I take it as a high compliment to have you reading over my shoulder.


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Lol (Taken with GifBoom)
Worlds farthest high five! India to California! (Taken with GifBoom)
Pictures does not do this justice. This thing is massive! (Taken with GifBoom)
Arthi says I love you :) (Taken with GifBoom)
#picstitch leaving home at 4pm 08/07/12 and getting here 3am 08/09/12. I made the 47 hour journey (Taken with Instagram)
It's happening!!
God planted an idea in my head 2 years ago about going to India. It took another year after for an opportunity to arise and another year to go. It was an adventure getting ere and I haven't even left the United States. Please keep me in your prayers :)
Kinda creepy haha (Taken with Instagram)
hello there sir pleasure to meet you
*next guy*
lmao obama and kevin durant


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The Twyn
Caerphilly, CF83 1JL
(029) 2088 0011
Castle St, Caerphilly, CF83 1JD
(029) 2088 3143
Caerphilly Castle
|Saturday 7th December
|10.00am - 4.00pm
|Sunday 8th December
|10.00am - 4.00pm
|Children, over 60`s and students:
|Heritage in Wales members:
|Local resident passholders:
For more information please visit www.cadw.wales.gov.uk
All entertainment in the grounds are free, a small charge will apply for some activities.
Living History
Step back in time within the castle walls to a medieval age brimming with exciting living history, combat sessions and traders from far and wide, offering a wide range of local produce and fayre. Join the Freemen of Gwent and Sons of the Dragon as they display archery and their sword skills among other wonderful visual shows. There will also be plenty on offer for young and old alike in the castle with Fiery Jack the jester and the storytelling and dragons of Alchemy, watch out for the theives and vagabonds, though, and join the hue and cry to put them in the stocks.
If you're got more 'Bah! humbug' than Scrooge you could probably benefit from a boost to the Christmas spirit. Come and meet Caerphilly Castle's jester who'll have many a joke and merry tale.
Don't miss out on the live performers either , including music and dancing as the Crafty Beggars wheel their cart around the castle and the Mirage Mummers act out their unique plays throughout the weekend and don't forget to look out for the dancing bear, back by popular demand.
Caerphilly Castle Entertainers (pdf) (7.8kb)
We defy you to be stuck for Christmas pressie ideas after stepping through the Castle gates! Browse amongst the wonderful stands for inspiration which include mystical sculpture and jewellery, shields and swords, honey products, medieval leatherworks, glass stalls and gifts from Europe and Italy!
Christmas shopping can also get the appetite racing and there's plenty of seasonal food to tempt the tastebuds, including hot mulled wine and brimming bowls of hearty stew. Other food stalls include Pig in a Bun, Frantastic Crepes, and Martin's Jerked Meats.
Christmas just wouldn't be the same either without a visit to Father Christmas who'll be visiting the Castle over the weekend..
Caerphilly Castle traders list (pdf 12kb)


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EconomyWatch, Content Team
Section 6 of the Central Bank of Cyprus Law confers following functions upon the bank.
In recent times, the Central Bank of Cyprus has intensified its efforts to liberalize the financial sector of the country.
With this objective in mind, the central bank has adopted a new monetary policy framework since 1996. The liquid asset ratio, the main instrument of monetary policy, has therefore been discarded. The abolition of the statutory interest rate ceiling on 1 January 2001 has been a cornerstone in the liberalization process of the financial sector. The Central Bank is also acting vigorously to regulate the banking system in the country and ensure its stability.
In Nigeria, as well as around the world, a majority of taxpayers view tax not as a contractual contribution to government expense, but as an involuntary tribute to be paid to avoid prosecution and penalty. Merely transcribing taxes from economic textbooks into local law will not work; tax regimes have to be developed from within the society, and targeted at the peculiar needs of the government. Tax policies have to be written by the people – and for the people. Only then would a sense of participation and expectation be truly generated, and the tax system manifestly effective. Read more
Stephen S. Roach,
EconomyWatch Contributor
Jeffrey D. Sachs,
EconomyWatch Contributor
Gordon Brown,
EconomyWatch Contributor
Andrew Sheng,
EconomyWatch Contributor
Kemal Derviş,
EconomyWatch Contributor
Andrea Edwards,
EconomyWatch Contributor
EconomyWatch Contributor
Got something to say about the economy? We want to hear from you. Submit your article contributions and participate in the world's largest independent online economics community today!


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The Miami Dolphins are in a tough match up against the New England Patriots on Sunday. The Patriots have a chance to win the AFC East championship with a win over the Dolphins and they got a 10-0 lead in the first half.
Late in the first half, Ryan Tannehill found wide receiver Mike Wallace for the catch on third and two. Wallace has a defender on him when he makes the catch. He sheds that tackler, dodges another, then takes it to the house the rest of the way for the touchdown.
It was a 39-yard reception that brought the Dolphins within three points with about 30 seconds left in the half.@FanSidedGIF, Zombie Prophet
- Jaguars' Ace Sanders with a touchdown reception out of the back field (GIF)
- Redskins' Santana Moss muffs punt, Falcons recover (GIF)
- Bears' Jay Cutler throws a pick-six (GIF)
- Vikings' Jerome Simpson gets bell rung, tries to play it off (GIF)
- 49ers' Michael Crabtree with a touchdown, barely gets toes in (GIF)
- Vikings' Greg Jennings with a 57-yard touchdown catch (GIF)
- Bears' Jay Cutler has already thrown an interception (GIF)
- Steven Jackson destroys Redskins DB on TD run (GIF)
Tags: Miami Dolphins


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Category: Sales, Sales Management
Are you putting your best foot forward when reaching out to customers? Pat Weber talks with Jim Blasingame about a few ideas on how to make sure you're reaching customers effectively these days.
Are consumers cutting back on their spending for high-end items? Pam Danziger is an expert in these matters and she explains to Jim Blasingame that luxury items are not selling as they were less than a year ago.
Are you getting your share of sales in your market? Brad Huisken and Jim Blasingame talk about how to make sure that your sales training, attitude and management is properly structured for the current economic conditions.
Are you a natural self-promoter? Mike Stewart talks with Jim Blasingame about why self-promoters are usually also successful, and he identifies three characteristics that are common among all national self-promoters.
What's the key to keeping your customers engaged with you during a slow economy? Joanne Black talks with Jim Blasingame about some of the key elements of sales and customer care that will help you stay connected with your customers and, most importantly, help you grow your business without resorting to cold calls.
How are you managing the information you and your salespeople are collecting about prospects and customers? Geary Broadnax talks with Jim Blasingame about how to use Customer Relationship Software (CRM) to help you minimize the time to manage this information and maximize the opportunity with our customers and prospects.
Could you try being a heretic with your customers? Don Cooper talks with Jim Blasingame about doing some counter-intuitive -- or heretical -- things as you strive to differentiate yourself with customer.
Jo Smith speaks with Jim Blasingame about what it takes to have a healthy home and what the real estate economy is really like. Diane Kuehn joins them to discuss what it's like to be a member of the Chamber of Commerce.
Michael Chandler talks with Jim Blasingame about the process of writing and publishing a novel. They go on to talk about how to use Michael's "Dreamweaving" system to make sure you're approaching the marketplace effectively.
Are you getting your share of sales in your market? Brad Huisken and Jim Blasingame talk about how to make sure that your sales training, attitude and management is properly structured for the current economic conditions.
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Having reviewed, or at least updated the reviews, of pretty much all of the Dogfart Network sites, I always wondered why there wasn't a mega-site. Well, I still don't know why there wasn't one in the past, but I do know that there is one now, so who cares!
The DogfartNetwork encompasses all 22 of their sites and when you sign in they are all presented on the main network page with a link to enter the members' area. It is nice and simple, but there is no way to browse all the content together. Although, once you are in any of the sites, there is a search box that searches the entire network, so that is always an option, but there is no network-wide filter or category tags or anything like that.
As for the individual sites, they all have videos with both streaming and download options and navigation is nice and clear. Each scene also comes with a write-up, a rating (from other members), the ability to add it to your favorites and you can leave comments.
Heading to the model section will find you over 1,100 gorgeous girls, many of whom are white, but you'll find ebony chicks, some Asians and Latinas. Meanwhile, adding up all the content from across the sites gets you 3,370 scenes and 2,934 photo sets. The biggest site in the network is Blacks On Blondes. This is one of the oldest and best hardcore interracial sites out there and a very nice introduction to what the Dogfart guys like to do (even if the girls they fuck aren't all just blondes anymore).
Since they started that site, they have obviously expanded the network and some of their other sites include Cuckold Sessions (white guys stand there naked while their ladies fuck black guys), Zebra Girls (interracial lesbian action), Ruth Blackwell (Ruth tries to have a black offspring one creampie at a time) and Wife Writing (white wives get black writing all over their body and black dicks inside them).
There are only maybe two sites in the network that aren't interracial-focused, there is also a behind-the-scenes site and there are two gay sites. Not all the sites are updating and some are actually rotating their material, but many still do add new porn on a regular basis, so you will be getting new material across the network multiple times a week.
Also, while not all the movies are in HD, plenty are and all the new ones are offering a high-def option. However the other formats look pretty good and most are great in quality, so you can still enjoy all the old porn. There's also the option to download files for portable devices. The photos are high-res and gorgeous and you can save all the sets in Zip files.
Basically, if you like interracial porn, then there is really no reason you shouldn't be joining Dogfart Network. These guys have been doing it for over 20 years and they've been doing it hardcore and doing it well!
|By: A.K. Anderson
|Number of Reviews: 1426
|Average Score: 64.2
- Comment by: dark_lord_k - Score: 95/100 - Date: 8/15/2014
Have been a member of this site for a while now and I must say it worth every penny. They update the main site once a week, with their bonus sites getting updates once every few months. If you've never been on the site before the catalog of scenes is amazing. Love love love the site. The girls are usually top notch, with the occasional tore up implant model. The website itself is relatively easy to navigate, but it's looking a little dated. Not a real complaint though. Streams with out a problem. Downloads are easy, and come in a variety of sizes and qualities. Picture sets are zipped and Hi-res.
I have no real complaints. Will be a member for the foreseeable future. If you're into interracial scenes this is the best site around bar none.
CONS: Only update once a week,
- Comment by: Barnes - Score: 35/100 - Date: 2/16/2014
Terrible layouts and most of the sites have not been updated in a long time. If you want the same thing over and over spread across many sites then this is for you but be warned you will get bored quickly I know I sure did.
- Comment by: HubbyRebecca - Score: 95/100 - Date: 11/3/2013
Have been a member for a few years. Love this site as it fulfills most of my interracial fantasies. My favorites are Blacks on Cougars, Blacks on Blondes, Glory Holes and IR Blowbang.
Problem is that the majority of the updates for Blacks on Blondes and Glory Holes. I don't mind waiting for the Cougars videos, but the site does only update maybe once a month while Blacks on Blondes will update maybe 2x a week.
Con: Some people like Ruthblackwell can go dark for a period. Need more original scenes and more amateurish action.
- Comment by: Chris C - Score: 85/100 - Date: 7/23/2013
I've been a fan of this network for years-hot girls in hot scenes and most important to me, their hardcore scene photo sets are fantastic. With just about every other hardcore site out there, they might offer a couple clean pics of a girl posing and stripping, but the pics of the actual sex scene are usually poor because of things like blurring and poor lighting. The vast majority of the pics for DFN scenes are clear and high resolution with none of those problems. The videos are also great-the same high quality with hot chicks in nasty hardcore scenes.
My one criticism of the network would have to be the inconsistent updating among the diferrent sites. Sites like Blacks on Blondes and Gloryhole post freguent updates, while other sites in the network like Watching My Daughter Go Black and Interracial Pickups seem to only post a new scene once every couple months. This and the rather expensive membership price are the only reasons why I don't sign up for this network more often.
- Comment by: peskysushi - Score: 95/100 - Date: 7/5/2013
I consider Dog Fart Network one of the top sites of all time. If you like interracial, you should love this site. The girls are hot, and the majority are great looking and not plastic. There is some significant foreplay, and the scenes are done with excellent filmography. Blacks on Blondes, Glory Hole, and Cuckold Sessions are my favorite sites on the network, but there are many more. Updates for some of the sites are infrequent or non existent. Blacks on Blondes is an exception. Anyway, it is a great site! But I would like to see more updates.
- Comment by: Lurker421 - Score: 96/100 - Date: 1/3/2013
This is my favorite porn site bar none. I've been an "auto-releoad" subscriber for years. It's the best interracial site out there with constantly updated content, great videography/photography, easy to navigate, and some really great fringe fetish material that's unique to DogFart. The scenes are well presented, and there is a satisfying variety of content. High Res photos can be downloaded in a zip file which is a big plus for me. Streaming works well. Downloads are fast and high quality. They seem to be constantly reinventing themselves and trying new things which is a really good sign. The recent user interface upgrade makes it even easier to get to where you want to go.
There isn't much on the negative side. Some sites update more frequently than others, and there are definitely a few sites like Cuckold Sessions that I just can't get enough of no matter how frequently they update! But that also speaks to the quality of the content. Overall I have no complaints except that I want more!!!
GREAT SITE! I hope they keep up the great work!
- Comment by: Robert - Score: 98/100 - Date: 12/29/2012
Had been waiting a to check out this site and man I was blown away.Alot of sites promise great content on their ad pages but to lure you in leaving you dissappointed but not dogfart.They had exactly what they advertised in all types of format and when I had a an issue with the site customer service got right back with me and were very professional and provided me a solution to put me back on track.Content was hot,especially the jennifer white scene.Just want more updates...lol
- Comment by: red - Score: 7/100 - Date: 11/17/2012
the trial you only can downoad de las scene of each site [not in hd] and the pictures are not ziped
my score is for the trial option
- Comment by: John - Score: 80/100 - Date: 11/13/2012
By far one of the premiere sites to see white sluts taking big black dicks. But what hurts this site is not the massive amount of content. It's the quality and the lack of categories. You would think a site that targets black men would have a big ass section but it does not. And most of the non porn stars are skinny chicks trying to make a quick buck. Could also use better white on black content. Cum Bang is just stupid and the sex is worse.
Other than that being able to download the videos is worth the money itself. You can pay 30$ and download hundreds of videos.
- Comment by: Boatman - Score: 92/100 - Date: 3/1/2012
As I have said before, the down side with any individual model site is that eventually the girl in question will move on, and most likely retire, or just want a change of scenery.
This is the case with spring thomas, katie thomas, ruth blackwell, etc. All individual model sites will eventually stop updating. But even these 3 sites alone have enough content to last you a long time!........
The dogfart network is superb. Generally, the c**ks are huge and the girls' mouths are often too small to fit them in comfortably, so the contrast between black and white, big and small, is stark and exciting, for example the Amai Liu MMF scene, and the Tweety Valentine MMF scene (both on BOBs).
This network is perfect for anyone who loves interracial hardcore or hardcore in general, it has about 15 years worth of updates under its belt, and updates frequently enough to keep even the most eager member entertained indefinitely! The network also has great value for money!
The only thing I would say is that the site is definitely not for anyone who likes girl/girl interaction, because there is very little of that!
- Comment by: peskysushi - Score: 87/100 - Date: 2/23/2012
One of the best interracial networks out there. Sites have different themes, so you should be able to find something you like. Hot girls, Long black dicks, interesting scenes, close ups and pretty good cum shots. Bandwidth and video quality are acceptable especially when you get to the newer stuff. Photos galleries are of poor quality and resolution however. I would recommend.
$29.99/30 days (Reg. $
|Limited Trial $0.99/2 days, rebills at $34.95
|$59.99/90 days
|$119.88/365 days
|Cross Sales: 1 pre-checked
|Pic sets: 2934+
|Pics per set: 200
|Zip sets: Yes
|Pic Res: 3000x2000
|High Res: Yes
|Number of movies: 3370+
|HD Porn: Yes
|Streaming: Yes
|Average Length: 25 mins
|Full length videos: Yes
|Download Limits: No
|Video Formats:
Windows (1280x720; 4357k)
MP4 (1280x720; 3000k)
MP4 (1280x720; 3000k; streaming)
|Preview DogfartNetwork.com members area
|Independent Biller(s):
|CCBill, Epoch
|Customer Service:
Pros & Cons
-many high-def vids
-can save favorites
-zipped high-res photo sets
-some sites aren't updating
-no advanced search
-no content tags
09/29/2012- Stays at 85. -A.K.
- Initial review: 11/26/2011
|Content Quality
|Content Amount
|Unique Content
|Video Downloads
|Video Streaming
|Other Score
|User Score: 79/100
|11 votes
|11 comments
|User Top Rated Sites


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GAS Sale!! FS: 99 Fender Jazz Deluxe, Precision 77, Fretless 78 & Musicman
Discussion in 'For Sale: Bass Guitars' started by Darmatyoru, Jan 4, 2014.
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Sad story. I hope that these "swindling neighbors" get a nice long stay in a government facility with bars on the doors.But reminds me of a story. Seems a guy died and left a trust fund with the bank´s trust department for the care of his beloved dog. Not a whole lot of loot, but enough to kick out a nice monthly income for the dog´s caretaker.The account was usually foisted on the junior member of the trust department for many years, until one day, a new junior member joined the team and got the dog trust.He questioned whether the deceased dog was still alive. Evidentally, the caretaker would replace the dogs as they died with similiar canines and nobody at the bank was the wiser.
Click Here if you Like this Comment 5 persons like this.
What happened to the cat´s caretaker that give everything up ?
Click Here if you Like this Comment 10 persons like this.
I beg to differ OP, people like this need to be executed.
Click Here if you Like this Comment 7 persons like this.


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149 7th St.
Brooklyn, NY 11215
Category: Music Venues
Region: Brooklyn
For their first official "LSXX" concert, the Breeders are celebrating the 20th anniversary of Last Splash, reuniting that album's lineup and relearning every minute of feedback, every curl-lipped coo, every harmony, and every overdriven "aaah-ooo-aahh" in order to play the entirety of its 39 minutes and 38 seconds. In 1993, the album stood out for twin sisters Kim and Kelley Deal's easy-breezy delivery and proclivity for alt-pop hooks, with catchy singles like "Cannonball," "Divine Hammer" and "Saints." After 20 years, and with 20/20 hindsight, it all still holds up.
Fri., March 29, 9 p.m., 2013


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Seriously - I love that stuff but it is more addictive than drugs, lol.
I've been doing botox to the glabella (between the eyebrows) area every 5 months for about 2 years now. Even though I am only 28, I have always made "the angry face" every time I concentrate to read, watch TV, write, or anything else that requires concentration. At 26 I was already starting to form 2 deep vertical lines there - holy crap, I am not an angry person, I don't want to look like one!!!
So - hello Botox! Some might criticise me for starting this young but I think the best weapon against wrinkles is prevention. If I don't allow those muscles to contract, I can't form wrinkles there, simple as that. Now, I am starting to form fine lines in other places, and that's ok, I am fine with aging, I just don't want to look angry 24/7, that's all.
So, long story short - if you find a good doctor - it is totally worth it but beware - once you start, you just can't stop, it's addictive! :)
I Would Rather Sleep in a Cardboard Box Than Give Up Botox! - Columbia, MO
Seriously - I love that stuff but it is more...
Seriously - I love that stuff but it is more addictive than drugs, lol.
4 Comments
- Reply
Well I certainly hope your Botox habit doesn't put you into a cardboard box!! Haha, that is a pretty funny title!
Isn't it funny how once you start, when you start to see things come "awake" again you just want to get in & have them quieted down?!
- Reply


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in the picture or the meena/vik comment? LOOL
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SAVE IT OR SHAVE IT for MDA Hehe, :) PALS ♥ I'm so short…
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- Ray Boltz
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|Song details
|Thank You
|Ray Boltz
|Concert Of A Lifetime [1995], Track 9
|392 (+26) history »
|- view all »
|Referring urls
|view all »
|Song lyrics
Thank You
I dreamed I went to heaven
And you were there with me
We walked upon the streets of gold
Beside the crystal sea
We heard these angels singing
Then someone called your name
You turned and saw this young man
And he was smiling as he came
And he said friend you may not know me now
And then he said, but wait
You used to teach my Sunday School
When I was only eight
And every week you would say a prayer
Before the class would start
And one day when you said that prayer
I asked Jesus in my heart
Thank you for giving to the Lord
I am a life that was changed
Thank you for giving to the Lord
I am so glad you gave
Then another man stood before you
And said remember the time
A missionary came to your church
And his pictures made you cry
You didn't have much money
But you gave it anyway
Jesus took the gift you gave
And that's why I'm here today
CHORUS (repeat)
One by one they came
Far as your eyes could see
Each life somehow touched
By your generosity
Little things that you had done
Sacrifices you made
They were unnoticed on the earth
In heaven now proclaimed
And I know that up in heaven
You're not supposed to cry
But I am almost sure
There were tears in your eyes
As Jesus took your hand
And you stood before the Lord
He said, my child look around you
For great is your reward
CHORUS (repeat)
I am so glad you gave.
submitted by Amanda
corrected by Blake on October 16th, 2007
More songs you're probably interested in :
- same album
- same artist
- popular on LSI
- new on LSI
1) The Storm lyrics
2) The Anchor Holds lyrics
3) I Pledge Allegiance To The Lamb lyrics
4) I've Come To Serve lyrics
5) I Go To The River lyrics
6) The Stones lyrics
8) Watch The Lamb lyrics
9) Thank You lyrics
10) Heaven Is Counting On You lyrics
11) I Will Praise The Lord lyrics
all songs from the album "Concert Of A Lifetime [1995]" »
Ray Boltz - The Anchor Holds lyrics
Ray Boltz - Always Be A Child lyrics
Ray Boltz - I Pledge Allegiance To The Lamb lyrics
Ray Boltz - The Altar lyrics
Ray Boltz - Thank You For Giving To The Lord lyrics
Ray Boltz - I Will Praise The Lord lyrics
Ray Boltz - Feel The Nails lyrics
Ray Boltz - Roar lyrics
Ray Boltz - Awesome God lyrics
Ray Boltz - Behold lyrics
all Ray Boltz songs »
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Lilly Wood & The Prick - Prayer In C (Remix) (with Robin Schulz) lyrics
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|8 comments
|Song comments
|0 likes - like | 27-05-2012 23:10 Kingdavid
2 posts
|I've heard that Ray wrote the song about the Gideon ministry. My wife was a Sunday School teacher and a member of the Gideon Auxilliary and the song meant a great deal to her. We had the song sung at her memorial service and 720 Bibles were donated in her memory. They will continue to introduce others to Christ for years to come. Thank you Ray and may God bless you!
|0 likes - like | 27-05-2012 22:53 Kingdavid
2 posts
|I 've heard this song was written about the Gideon. Ministry. My wife was a Sunday School teacher and Gideon Auxillary member and it meant a great deal to her. At her memorial service we had this song sung and 720 Bibles were donated in her memory to continue introducing others to Christ. Thank you Lord!
|0 likes - like | 06-09-2011 20:28 Andy3669
1 posts
|After reviewing the song and the lyrics, the first chorus he says, "I have a life", the 2nd chorus he says,"I am a life". Just listen close and you will hear the difference the first time he sings the chorus and the 2nd time. I am studying this song so I can sing it at an event and I would like to get the words correct, so if you think that is not the case please let me know. Thanks.
|0 likes - like | 25-06-2011 01:28 teddyplm8820
1 posts
|quote :
I love this song but they messed uo the lyric it's "I have a life that was changed" NOT "I am a life that was changed" sorry just I don't like mess ups
Read more: http://artis
LetsSingIt - Your favorite Music Community
Alexis I am sorry to say but the lyrics are actually "I am" not "I have", because if you actually listen to the story of the song the people speaking to him are telling him that their lives were changed because of him, they are the life, thus "I am" if you don't believe listen to the video embedded to the right of the lyrics and watch his lips as he is singing you will see him say "am" not "have". Before you criticize someone you should insure the validity of your critic as I did with you I am currently listening to the song as I type to you here.
|0 likes - like | 25-04-2010 15:36 alexis625
1 posts
|I love this song but they messed uo the lyric it's "I have a life that was changed" NOT "I am a life that was changed" sorry just I don't like mess ups
|0 likes - like | 13-01-2006 16:04 jesussaves1787
57 posts
|I think you're kind of missing the point of this song. It's an encouragement for us to live a life in service to our lord. And understand that even our everyday faithful actionscan affect somone in tremendous ways. It's an encouragement for us to step up to the plate, and serve Him!
|0 likes - like | 15-11-2004 22:58 Angelmari87
8 posts
This is beautiful
|0 likes - like | 29-09-2004 22:56 Nicole02h
7 posts
|We havea alot to be thankful for. If you haven't told someone thankyou today. Find some and say thank you.>


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Primal Videos
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Manufacturer: Sony Computer Entertainment
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Definition of Friuli in English:
FriuliSyllabification: Fri·u·li
Pronunciation: /frēˈo͞olē /
- More example sentences
- Marino had already acted in this capacity as the patriarch of Aquileia in the 1520s, carefully monitoring doctrinal instruction in his Friulian dioceses.
- At this point the river Isonzo marked the end of the great Friulian plain.
- Plett is visiting from Italy to share Friulian recipes and traditions with the restaurant's staff.
Pronunciation: /-ˈo͞olēən/adjective& noun
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Pronunciation: ˈnoisəm
having an extremely offensive smell


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12 total reviews
- 1
Wedding: 4/20/2014
Not only were the design and quality of the invitations and thank you cards superb, the design staff who provided my online proof was quick to respond to my multiple revisions and requests. I really like the unique designs Minted offers, and would highly recommend them.
Wedding: 4/12/2014
I cant say enough how much i loved my invitations. Was able to find something that fit our personalities for a reasonable price...plus, they were hand made!!
Wedding: 3/27/2014
Our invitations from Minted were exactly what we wanted! Having such a small wedding, we really wanted to be able to add some custom touches, and our invitations from Minted were on par with that. Even when I messed up and approved a print wherein I'd misspelled the word "Gardens" (probably because I was *so* focused on not messing up "Botanical") they rush shipped me a new batch at no extra charge. We used them for our Christmas cards that featured one of our engagement pictures, and they came out equally excellent. Definitely recommend!
Wedding: 8/30/2014
We used Minted for our wedding invitations. They have an extensive and beautiful selection of designs. The process of customizing the invitations was so easy (I was a little weary that it would not go well since I wasn't talking directly to a person and I was submitting my design changes online, but it went so smoothly!) and we received our invitations within a few days. They also print your guests addresses for free! I received so many compliments on our invitations. I would highly recommend using Minted!
Wedding: 9/6/2014
Got to make them my own!
Wedding: 6/15/2014
I came across Minted.com from a wedding magazine and was satisfied with their variety of invitation options. They are very accommodating when it comes to personalizing invitations from the templates on their website, but depending on the changes, it may cost extra. The turnaround time was great and we even received a few extra inserts to our invitations, which was nice, just in case of any issues, because we ordered just enough for the number of guests we had.
Wedding: 6/28/2014
Minted personalized my stationary quickly and made the entire process very easy. I loved my save-the-dates and invites!
Wedding: 10/19/2013
So we didn't go local for these. But found a great website. Minted was very accommodating to customizing our invitations and the quality was fantastic.
Wedding: 9/14/2013
The wedding invites I ordered through minted turned out perfect. The staff worked hard to work out some kinks in the computer system to make sure my invites were printed exactly how I wanted them. I would definitely recommend Minted for anyone looking at beautiful invites for a reasonable price.
Wedding: 7/27/2013
We ordered our Save-the-Dates and wedding invites from this site. Everyone absolutely loved both of them! They especially loved the Mini-Books that we chose as our invitations. They have tons of designs to choose from and their printing and paper are gorgeous! We did spend a little more than we wanted to for our invites but they we so worth it! We would recommend them for your wedding invites for sure!
Wedding: 1/19/2013
I ordered my save-the-dates AND custom colored invitations from Minted.com. I got nothing but great compliments for both.....highly recommended!! They offer quality, great variety and wonderful expertise. Buy from them for amazing stationary!!
Wedding: 5/12/2012
Both the stationery and the customer service are superb. From the first samples to the final orders, I felt like the team at Minted was catering to my individual needs. The stationery is stunning--weeks after our wedding, we are still getting compliments--customizeable, and comes at a great price. I loved the fact that budding designers create the stationery, giving it an extra-special bespoke feeling. I can't wait to use Minted again for non-wedding related occasions.
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Minted offers industry-leading wedding stationery designs, from wedding invitations to save the date cards, sourced from a global community of independent designers. Minted uses only the highest quality printing and paper to ensure our products match the importance of the occasion.
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www.grafiskanstalt.dk · 2011 · This poster was set with PMN Caecilia 76 Bold Italic and 45 Light.
Font Font Font 'till her daddy takes her e-book away
by Grafiskanstalt
American Apparel T-shirts are made with 100% fine jersey cotton combed for softness and comfort. (Athletic Grey and Athletic Blue contain 50% polyester / 25% cotton / 25% rayon)
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