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Topic: Technology (nano, 3D, etc) (Read 2649 times)
Power User
Posts: 28069
Technology (nano, 3D, etc)
August 23, 2007, 08:39:51 PM »
Some of us here may remember our introduction to Nanotechnology via the Gilder Technology Report. I don't know if Stratfor is going too far afield from its expertise with this piece, but the subject is fascinating, complex, and important-- and so I open this thread.
Nanotechnology and the Regulation of New Technologies
Researchers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Aug. 16 released a study stating that the production of carbon nanotubes gives rise to the creation of a slew of dangerous chemicals known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including some that are toxic.
Discussion of a new regulatory regime for nanotechnology has been ongoing among think tanks, advocacy groups and industry for years, and findings that suggest the sector could generate public health risks will add to the growing pressure on regulators or legislators to decide how to regulate it.
The debate over the regulation of nanotechnology has taken place on two levels. The first is over the public health risks nanotechnology poses and ways to determine and measure those risks. This is mainly the familiar risk-assessment process applied to the products of a technology that acts slightly differently than previous technologies do.
At the center of a second debate over public policies governing nanotechnology is an older, more contentious issue: the politicization of science and technology. At issue is the point at which government is justified in stepping into the realm of science to stop or slow scientific research, regardless of whether harm has been done. This concern lay at the center of the early debate over biotechnology, and also played a role in the debate over federal funding of stem cells and bans on human cloning.
A number of efforts are currently under way to determine the answers to the first question. The most impressive of these efforts are occurring in a number of partnerships between corporations and advocacy groups or think tanks. By contrast, the debate over the second question is largely being ignored. Where it is taking place, the discussion is occurring by implication.
What ultimately happens with the risk-centered regulatory debate will impact this larger philosophical debate, and will be crucial to the rules governing the coming wave of new technologies. This new wave will include even more controversial issues, including human cloning and synthetic forms of life. These issues will challenge the public to accommodate technological progress in their world views.
Nanotechnology was defined by one of its founders, Nobel Prize winner Rick Smalley, as "the art and the science of building stuff that does stuff on a nanometer scale." Essentially, nanotechnology is the manipulation of atoms and small molecules at a level that is slightly different from chemistry. While nanoparticles generally behave like traditional chemicals do, in some cases they can be very different. In these slight differences lies the technology's promise -- namely, what is possible through chemistry has been studied for centuries, while nanotechnology mostly remains an open field. Still, as one observer has put it, to say that we should regulate nanotechnology is the equivalent of saying we should regulate a hammer -- nanotechnology is a tool, and its creations will emerge as the subject of regulatory debate.
Nanotechnology is currently used in commercial applications, most famously sunscreens and stain-resistant pants. The next five years will see a boom in the use of nanotechnology in applications ranging from greatly improved batteries to stronger, lighter materials to improved military weapons. At the base of nanotechnology are some prevalent building blocks, most importantly carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and buckminsterfullerenes or "buckyballs." (Fullerenes and buckyballs were named after Buckminster Fuller, considered the godfather of nanotechnology, because their shape is similar to his geodesic dome.)
The major players in nanotechnology include all of the large research-based chemistry companies, including DuPont, Dow Chemical Co., Corning Inc., General Electric Co. and a number of smaller research companies that cluster around universities in the Northeastern United States. The way these companies currently use nanotechnology has given rise to the first set of regulatory concerns surrounding nanotech. The questions raised by this use will be answered by rules regarding what these manufacturers must guard against in production, use and disposal of nanotechnologies. In June, DuPont and the environmental group Environmental Defense provided a preview of the likely framework for nanotechnology regulation.
Most of the larger corporate players view nanotechnology as an important addition to a new generation of chemistry and to biotechnology. It is in the combination of chemistry, biotechnology, electronics and nanotechnology -- specifically the combining of nanoscale devices with specially engineered living organisms -- that a real revolution in materials, devices and medicine lies. It is also here that the controversy surrounding nanotechnology is strongest, as it raises questions about the foreseeablity of risks and the desirability of certain technological advances.
When to Regulate?
Modern chemistry is regulated in industrialized countries by a process known as risk assessment, which is a complex scientific assessment that determines whether the potential risks posed to health and the environment of a certain chemical outweighs its value in commerce. In the United States, chemicals are regulated by the 1976 Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). In Europe, they are regulated by a new process known as the Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals (REACH).
As the framework created by Environmental Defense and DuPont shows, nanotechnology probably can piggyback on chemical regulation, but it will require a slightly different set of standards than chemical regulations do. Important differences include measuring exposure and dose-response relationships. For example, Andrew Maynard of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars points out that for some nanoscale materials, such as titanium dioxide, toxicity is based on the surface area to which sensitive tissue -- lung tissue in the case of titanium dioxide -- is exposed, rather than simply the mass of the material. The dose still makes the poison, but the dose needs to be measured differently than in traditional chemistry. In addition, the current regulatory framework needs additional tools to anticipate harm, a controversial but largely successful element of chemical regulation far more difficult to apply in the new field of nanotechnology.
These regulatory questions have come at an interesting point. The European Union is only now beginning to implement REACH, and its coming into force has triggered changes in the marketplace and accelerated efforts to change U.S. chemical regulation. For some in the United States, the imminent commercial boom in nanotechnology calls for the widening of TSCA to cover nanotechnology.
Many see REACH as more protective of public health and the environment than TSCA. As such, there is a growing movement in the United States for the adoption of REACH-like chemical regulations. For those calling for a complete reassessment of TSCA, the revolution in nanotechnology has come at the right time. They argue that TSCA cannot cope with the challenges of nanotechnology, so therefore the law should be revamped to prepare for the next wave of technology. A number of states are currently considering their own REACH-like laws, and the "opening" of TSCA (Capitol Hill-speak for rewriting the law) seems increasingly likely in the coming years.
Politics and Technology
Ultimately, REACH and REACH-like laws deal only with the risks posed by the substance. They do not address the moral or social questions relating to whether society wants certain technologies to advance, or even whether the government has a right to stop the development of new technologies.
In the Western conception -- strongest in the United States -- individuals, groups and companies are allowed to do whatever they want until or unless that activity is proven harmful to others. Attendant social, cultural or economic changes have seldom been allowed to stand as a reason not to allow a technology. The classic example is the fate of the buggy whip manufacturer of the early 20th century driven out of business by the advent of the automobile. The manufacturers certainly experienced economic losses, but this cost was accepted as the price of technological advance. Similarly, the manufacturers of black-and-white televisions, vacuum tube amplifiers and film all have seen their businesses decimated by technological advances.
Still, the introduction of biotechnology to Europe sparked a protectionist reaction. The food that has been served to millions of Americans daily without incident was made, and largely remains, illegal for European consumers. Europeans have justified their bans on biotechnology using various scientific and ecological arguments, but with a few exceptions, their assertions are considered scientifically tenuous. This is not to say justifiable reasons for Europe to ban genetically modified organisms (GMOs) do not exist, just that the reasons the European Union has given for bolstering their laws are flimsy by almost any scientific account.
Instead, Europe approached biotechnology by banning products on social and cultural grounds. To do this, they appealed to the precautionary principle, which more or less states that in the presence of fear but the absence of hard data, a product should be proven not to be harmful before being allowed on the market. With the act of proving a negative still being impossible, when the principle is used in a regulatory context, it becomes a tool to ban a product or activity without proof that the thing is actually dangerous -- a clear reversal of the traditional process of letting people and companies do what they want to do as long as it harms no one.
The European Union saw biotechnology as bringing change to the economics of farming, reducing the margins for farmers, encouraging larger, corporate-owned farms and placing multinational seed companies that double as chemical companies in a powerful position on the farm. Such a shift was unacceptable to many EU countries, especially France. Making matters worse, the biotechnology companies argued that their products were materially no different than traditional products and should not be labeled as being different in any way. To Europeans (and also to the Japanese), bringing technology to food is suspicious to begin with. And saying it should not be labeled is akin to demanding the ability to foist a technology in a very personal place -- food -- on a helpless public. The EU bans on GMOs came for these reasons.
Products and Morality
World Trade Organization (WTO) rules contain prohibitions against the use of safety or health regulations as barriers to free trade. Under WTO rules, to avoid claims that product bans or prohibitions are protectionist, countries' regulations (or those of groupings like the EU) must reflect the standards set by the International Organization for Standardization (for products) or Codex Alimentarius (for food). Stricter standards can be judged to be trade barriers rather than legitimate protective regulations. While fighting in venues like WTO and Codex on behalf of the precautionary principle -- arguing that it is only sane to look before you leap and better to be safe than sorry -- the European Union has been forced to develop scientific arguments that meet the WTO's requirements. These have failed generally, and the union is under sanction for these regulations.
Nanotechnology (along with the coming combination of nanotech with other new technologies) has the potential to bring the precautionary principle back in a new, more coherent form. This would be marked by the public, regulators and legislators arguing over whether advances in science and technology should be political, rather than scientific.
American business expresses exasperation at the European Union's use of the precautionary principle, the bans on GMOs, hormone-fed beef and certain other products, and other such issues. At the same time, the United States has a number of regulations and policies applying the brakes to technology that do not solely rely on risk assessment and the assertion that the individual or corporate behavior is risky to others. The ban on human cloning and the federal government's decision not to fund stem cell research are examples of U.S. government decisions that certain technology is not desirable, regardless of the long-term potential benefit to society and assertions that by law these practices do no harm and therefore should be legal.
Nanotechnology in most applications does not rise to the level of controversy associated with human cloning or even stem cell research, but in some envisioned applications it does raise serious moral questions, especially when tied to emerging biotechnologies. Among the most intriguing of these is the development of synthetic life. A recent patent application was submitted for an organism composed of cells whose genetic makeup has been limited only to the genes necessary to maintain life. These synthetic organisms, combined with nanotechnologies that can provide structure and even potentially movement, create essentially programmable living things. The applications for medicine, remediation and manufacturing are legion. The moral questions to some are just as vast. In an attempt to raise concerns, one activist group has nicknamed the patented synthetic organism "Synthia."
Stopping Synthia's creation could prove difficult. Its creation, life and disposal will not hurt anyone. Like Dolly and the dozens of cloned animals that came after, it is not human. Those who want to stop Synthia's creators can argue they do not want this technology to advance, but in the strictest regulatory sense, what is happening is legal. Still, there probably will be potent debates in Washington, Brussels and other capitals over the limits society wants placed on biotechnology and nanotechnology, and politics will be playing a role in the future of technology. The question facing nanotechnology's champions -- both in the short term and in the long term -- will be whether they want to press this to a crisis and force regulators to draw a line defining where politics does and does not have a place in technology, or whether they want to stay clear of that line for as long as possible.
Last Edit: July 10, 2013, 11:06:29 PM by Crafty_Dog
Re: Nanotechnology
Reply #1 on:
August 24, 2007, 06:46:41 PM »
One of the nicest, newest, cleanest buildings on the UCSB campus is the Nanotechnology Center. Apparently, they are getting mucho dinero in the form of research grants. I'd love to walk around and check it out, but you need security clearance and a pass to get into the interesting parts.
As a matter of fact, QuikClot (which is used in battlefield med applications) was invented by one the the University's professors.
prentice crawford
Power User
Posts: 748
Re: Nanotechnology
Reply #2 on:
September 12, 2010, 07:59:29 PM »
Here comes the Bot's.
Power User
Posts: 513
Re: Nanotechnology
Reply #3 on:
September 13, 2010, 07:58:30 AM »
Researchers develop a way to funnel solar energy
This could be revolutionary
P.S. this site is great
Power User
Posts: 28069
Re: Nanotechnology
Reply #4 on:
September 14, 2010, 11:29:38 AM »
Seems very significant.
What an amazing world we live in!
Power User
Posts: 513
Re: Nanotechnology
Reply #5 on:
September 29, 2010, 08:21:25 AM »
Nano scale solar cells 10 times more efficient
Power User
Posts: 5145
Nanotechnology: Solar efficiency gains
Reply #6 on:
October 01, 2010, 12:45:28 AM »
Freki: Great find! I used to have that site bookmarked several computer crashes ago.
Rarickwrote: "The article claims a 12 fold increase. solar cells are about 15-20% efficient- call it about 200watts/m2 for the 1000 watts insolation that was tested and verified in the soutwest usa."
My guess is that this technology and others will show that the potential for energy capture is far greater than we thought. Also we are not all in the southwest. The sun also lights and heats the earth in places like Seattle as well where I doubt the solar efficiency of current systems is anywhere near the 15-20% range.
Except to judge the credibility of the author, it doesn't matter to me whether the gain from one breakthrough is 10% or 10-fold. The point is that good things are coming and government should not be paying you or mandating you to make a fifty year investment in a technology that constantly improving and obsolescing the old. Only free choices can fairly settle the questions of if, when and how to commit to an investment of that scope.
Posts: 19
Re: Nanotechnology
Reply #7 on:
January 17, 2011, 04:06:50 PM »
I found this website and it gives a nice little primer on nanotechnology and its application if anyone needs quick basics:
I'm not really a science genius but this is one field that I find absolutely fascinating!
home security systems
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Posts: 28069
3D printer builds hand for five year old boy
Reply #8 on:
February 02, 2013, 02:30:08 PM »
Power User
Posts: 28069
3D Technology for guns
Reply #9 on:
April 09, 2013, 10:39:36 AM »
Power User
Posts: 28069
Newt Gingrich: Lessons in Innovation
Reply #10 on:
July 10, 2013, 11:07:02 PM »
3D Printing, Fossils and Lessons in Innovation
How do CT scans, the Internet and 3D printing interact to create a revolution in science and in learning?
We are releasing at Newt University today an interview with Tim Rowe which makes a very profound point about the nature of dramatic breakthroughs.
Tim is a paleontologist at the University of Texas in Austin.
For over a quarter century, he has consistently been a pioneer in applying new technologies to science and teaching.
Three parallel revolutions have empowered Tim in his quest for better science education and better tools for scientific research.
He has combined digital imaging (CT scans, MRIs, etc.) with the growing power of the Internet to store knowledge and share it for free with the rising capabilities of less and less expensive 3D printing.
Each of these technologies grew up separately. None depended on the other for their basic capabilities.
Yet it was the powerful synergistic interaction of the three which made possible real breakthroughs in scientific research, in learning, and in sharing knowledge with both amateurs and professionals.
Click here to view course
CT scans for medicine began in the 1971 and quickly spread around the world.
In 1984, Glen C. Conroy scanned the first fossil (an oreodont borrowed from the American Museum of Natural History), and made the cover of Science magazine. The initial power of the technology was the ability to see through rock and define a fossil without having to destroy the rock (and potentially other fossils).
In 1992, Tim made the first scans of a fossil (Thrinaxodon) using an industrial high-resolution CT scanner. The next year, he published the first compete CT dataset on CD-ROM. Once scientists had a digital model of the fossil, he realized, they could share it widely.
The second breakthrough was the ability to put the digital data on the Internet. Tim points out that the earliest fossil CT scans were preserved on floppy disks. That seemingly cutting edge effort is now totally obsolete and no one uses floppy disks anymore. It's hard even to access the data.
As the reach of the Internet grew, the ability to store and transmit information grew with it.
Today the Thrinaxodon scans Tim used to mail on CD-ROMs for $1 a copy are simply in the cloud and downloadable at no cost.
The National Science Foundation has a long history of investing in basic research and the tools of basic research. This is one such area. Much of Tim's work would have been impossible without steady support from long term thinkers at NSF.
All that consistent effort led to the creation of digimorph.org, which went live in 2001. You can go to this site and find some four thousand digitized fossils. To date they have served more than 3 Tb of data to 2.5 million unique visitors. In effect, Tim is pioneering a world museum of fossil information which will be available to first graders as well as graduate students and to interested citizens as well as the most advanced professionals.
The combination of digital CT scans and the Internet were two of the three key ingredients to this revolution in learning and research.
The third was the development of 3D printing.
Now that we have relatively inexpensive devices for printing out three dimensional models (including devices sold at Staples and Amazon), there is a wide range of new possibilities.
I stood at the University of Chicago with Dr. Zhe-Xi Luo, a leading expert in early mammals. Early mammals are very tiny. Many of their jaws are smaller than one half the size of your little finger. Some are almost microscopic. They are frustrating to study and analyze.
Suddenly you can scan these tiny fossils and then print out an exact replica ten times (or more) their real size. It is now possible to hold the jaw and analyze the teeth with an ease and an accuracy that was unthinkable 20 years ago.
This combination of digital data, the Internet, and 3D printing will lead to a revolution in teaching science.
First and second graders will be able to hold their own personal copy of a T-Rex tooth. They will be able to study and analyze fossils that would once have been available only to a handful of very advanced researchers.
Tim notes that the power of 3D printing combined with digital information is going to spread far beyond science. He suggests, for example, that the next phase of hip replacements will involve getting an exact digital record of your hip socket and then printing out a unique hip replacement designed specifically for you. (The next stage after that will be growing new hips through regenerative medicine, a topic I will write about in the near future.)
Tim is a great pioneer of the future of science and technology.
He has opened up the world for future students of fossils and for the potential to create a digital library of all living organisms.
He is also a good example of how entrepreneurial breakthroughs occur in unplanned but energetic and persistent ways.
It would have been impossible to imagine at the beginning of Tim's career that these technologies would evolve as they have. It would have been impossible to forecast how they would complement one another.
If you get a chance to watch his interview I think you will agree that his is a remarkable story. He has helped to open up science for millions for of people. Click here to watch our conversation.
Your Friend,
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Posts: 28069
Smart Sensors
Reply #11 on:
August 06, 2013, 11:48:29 AM »
My friend comments:
"Interesting article and who stands to benefit - one new name (for me, at least) is Silver Spring Networks SSNI."
Trillions of Smart Sensors Will Change Life as Apps Have
By Olga Kharif - Aug 5, 2013 12:01 AM ET
A sprinkler system sprays crops with water from an irrigation canal set in an agricultural area which traditionally uses water from the Colorado river distributed through a series of canals and irrigation channels in Imperial Valley, California.
In February, six students on snowshoes battled as much as 12 feet of snow to penetrate into the heart of the American River basin. Moving through dense forests and meadows, they mounted 90 iPhone-sized machines, designed to measure everything from soil moisture to temperature and relative humidity, onto 16-foot poles that beam data to researchers like Steven Glaser, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. With additional trips this summer, Glaser hopes to create the worlds largest sensor network, comprising 7,500 devices that will inform researchers and government agencies for the first time in detail how much water California has in its coffers -- critical data for farmers and state planners. The network will be among the largest tests of a new kind of sensor: one that feels as well as thinks, while using very little power -- a D-cell battery can last years.
Glasers gadgets come equipped with silicon from Linear Technology Corp. (LLTC) andCypress Semiconductor Corp. (CY) that turns them into mini-computers. Theyre part of a generation of intelligent sensors whose sales may rise about 10 percent a year to reach $6.9 billion in 2018, according to Transparency Market Research. Unlike dumb predecessors that gathered data and passed it to a central server to analyze, these devices monitor the informations quality and perform advanced calculations.
Its smart cities, smart buildings, smart water, said Susan Eustis, president of WinterGreen Research Inc. Its enabling a world of things. Its going to grow unbelievably fast.
The market for sensors integrated with processors will reach 2.8 trillion devices in 2019, up from 65 million this year, according to WinterGreen. Some of these sensors could be no larger than a pinhead.
Linear went into full production with its new system for smart sensors, complete with a 32-bit processor based on ARM Holdings Plc (ARM) technology, this month. International Business Machines Corp. (IBM), Freescale Semiconductor Ltd., Qualcomm Inc. (QCOM), Silver Spring Networks Inc. (SSNI), Sensus USA Inc. and Streetline Inc. are designing more powerful and capable processors or sensors as well. Smart-sensor equipment maker Silver Spring held an initial public offering in March, and has seen its shares surge 88 percent since.
App Analogy
One early example of the industrys potential is Nest, the thermostat that can be adjusted with a mobile application and learns your temperature preferences. Startup Colorado Micro Devices Inc. has built a prototype sensor that notifies owners if a door is locked via a messaging service.
I think its going to be huge, the way all sensors are going to operate, said Linear Chief Technology Officer Kris Pister. A good analogy is the phone and apps. Ten years ago, no one knew what an app was.
One reason for the surge is that its becoming important to have sensors quickly separate important data from the chaff before sending it to a central server.
We are swimming in sensors, and drowning in data, said Dharmendra Modha, a principal investigator at IBM. Sensory data is growing at such a rate that our ability to make sense of it is highly constrained.
Unusual Data
One gas turbine, for instance, can have 100 sensors that generate 1,000 pieces of data every second, according to General Electric Co. (GE) Smarter sensors may only alert the central computer of something out of the ordinary, indicating overheating or another potential failure.
The more you can rely on sensor networks to control some aspects, the more efficient it can be, said Jonathan Collins, an analyst at ABI Research.
One drawback of many smart sensors is cost. In Glasers water project, the sensors may seem pricey at $500 a pop -- yet if you are talking about the billions of dollars value for water, $500 per node isnt expensive, Glaser said.
As the number of installed sensors grows, average selling prices will drop to less than $1 each from about $50, Eustis said.
As part of a research collaboration, a year ago IBM announced a special low-power processor for sensors. Its design is more akin to how the brain functions than todays computer processors. Applications could include a grocers glove that smells produce to find contaminated products, and a tiny, jellyfish-like device that floats on the oceans surface and collects data on oil spills and tsunamis, Modha said. Yet another use: smart glasses that guide the visually impaired.
Smarter Sensors
Because of its low power and small size, the sensor becomes the computer, Modha said. IBM and its partners have more than 50 people working on the project.
Sensus, another sensor-products maker, is planning to introduce more powerful, ARM-based microcontrollers for sensors, said Randolph Wheatley, executive vice president of corporate marketing at the company.
What we see is a need for more processing power and more memory to store more data, and a need to do it in a more power-efficient way, he said. A sensor that notices a building using more water than usual may suspect a leak and shut off the main.
Parking Spaces
Streetline is building smart sensor systems using microcontrollers from Texas Instruments Inc. (TXN) that help manage parking in 35 cities. Related mobile apps tell consumers where parking spaces come available, and let cities adjust parking fees based on demand.
We are still at the beginning stages of this, said Geoff Mulligan, chairman of industry group IPSO Alliance, which focuses on enabling communication among smart objects. Its 60 members include Oracle Corp. (ORCL), Nokia Oyj (NOK1V) and Cisco Systems Inc. (CSCO), which is working with Streetline to install a sensor network to monitor parking spaces on its campus.
Weve not even conceived the possibilities of applications for this, Mulligan said. We are at a tipping point for it to begin to explode.
To contact the reporter on this story: Olga Kharif in Portland at
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Pui-Wing Tam at
Power User
Posts: 28069
WSJ: Andy Kessler: Tech Revolution will create jobs, growth
Reply #12 on:
August 08, 2013, 08:54:27 AM »
Robots, 3-D Printers and Other Looming Innovations
These new technologies will create far more high-paying jobs than they destroy.
By ANDY KESSLER
Is technology to blame for our stubborn unemployment? President Obama scored ATMs and airport kiosks in a 2011 "Today Show" interview, blaming them for "structural issues with our economy." Other technophobes have piled on. Former Labor Secretary Robert Reich wondered late last year: "What if we're stuck at a new normal of high unemployment and low job growth? It's possible because technology might just have gotten the best of us." In March, Salon.com declared "Your iPhone kills jobs." And in May, the Economist suggested "technology may destroy more jobs than it creates."
These Luddites are wrong.
The road to wealth does indeed pass through the graveyard of today's jobs. But history shows that better, higher paying jobs are always created by technologyeven if no one seems to remember this during periods of creative destruction.
The trick is to lower the cost of new machines and inventions that can do things never before possible, making them available for wide use. Here are a few recent examples that could be economic game-changers and job-creators:
Three-dimensional printing. By now, you've probably heard of 3-D printers, the gadget du jour for geeks that creates objects from computer models, building them layer by layer. Right now, they are priced between $1,000 and $10,000, with the most expensive version able to print multiple materials.
Some 50,000 have been sold so far, mostly to designers in order to create expensive prototypes. But by next year, the expiration of a key patent on "laser sintering," a method that fuses materials with lasers, will mean cheaper 3-D printers and the growth of an industry of producers of hard-to-find auto parts, industrial designs and even jewelry. Some are even talking about the possibility of printing human tissue.
Robotic painting arms are tested in the underbody sealing and coating area of the Chrysler Group LLC Assembly Plant in Sterling Heights, Michigan in July.
This reminds me of laser printers, which now cost $200, but cost $17,000 when the Xerox Star 8010 hit the market in 1981. Today, most magazines and office jobs couldn't exist without them.
Blood markers. As ObamaCare inevitably drives health-care costs higher, it will be in the best interest of insurers to detect disease early to prevent the high cost of treatment. This is particularly true with cancer. Each cancer tumor expresses unique proteins that end up in our blood streams. Once found, these markers can be used to identify the disease before it spreads.
Postgraduate biochemists have been working with $100,000 mass spectrometers analyzing results in studies. This spring, blood markets were even discovered for Alzheimer's. As cheaper machines come on line in the next few years, the process will go mainstream. In turn, researchers will invest in more machines and will need to hire thousands of scientists to man them.
Gene therapy. If cancer is detected, it can be cut out, radiated or drugged. But often the underlying gene mutations that cause cancer and other diseases persist.
The era of gene therapy may be upon us. By hacking genesin effect, genetically engineering a retrovirus programmed with DNA to overwrite a particular mutationthe body then does the work of reversing disease. Dogs have been cured of Type 1 diabetes with gene therapy, and Glybera, a gene therapy treatment, has been approved by the European Union for treating people with lipoprotein deficiency.
The equipment to do thisthey are called Fast Protein Liquid Chromatopraphy and Polymerase Chain Reactionalready exists and I suspect will get cheaper with volume. This requires smart scientists at every hospital to identify mutations, harvest stem cells and then reprogram and re-inject them.
This is much like gene splicing, which Genentech used 30 years ago to create insulin, and the ever-cheaper DNA sequencing of the last decade. Gene therapy will be a boon for biologists and chemists.
Funding platforms. Last year in the U.S., venture capitalists, who have traditionally funded our entrepreneurs, invested just $27 billion in 3,800 companies. It's inefficient.
Fortunately, new funding platforms like Kickstarter and Indiegogo allow entrepreneurs and creative types to appeal directly to users to fund their projects, much as eBay and Craigslist helped drive individual merchants.
Kickstarter has helped raise $619 million for more than 45,000 projects. I expect this to grow 100-fold over the next decade, and each funded project will create new jobs.
Robots. Robots have already been welding car parts, making the chips in your iPhone and moving things around warehouses for many years. But now they are getting personal. Not so much R2-D2, but programmable for repetitive tasks.
At $22,000, Baxter from Boston's Rethink Robotics is easy to train and human-friendly (it stops if you stick your hand near it.) Yes, it's cheaper than a human worker, but like laser printers and soon 3-D printers, it will augment rather than replace people.
Robots might bring back some mass manufacturing from offshore, but the real upside is that they can do things that haven't been done before. Like programmable machine tools, these more personal robots will change the way small- and medium-size manufacturers operate, lowering costs and creating a hiring binge for those savvy enough to use them.
Add the above to the manufacturing renaissance driven by fracking, and tens of millions of new jobs will be created by technology. Most of these great, higher-paying jobs will require smart college graduates or retrained workers. But, as always, each great job creates a handful of good jobs, such as lab assistants and human resources professionals, and another handful of fine jobs in food service and retail.
Just as politicians and policy makers are currently blaming these new technologies for destroying jobs, once the technologies start creating jobs, those in Washington will inevitably take credit. These types are best advised to clear a path and stay out of the way.
Mr. Kessler, a former hedge-fund manager, is the author most recently of "Eat People" (Portfolio, 2011).
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Posts: 28069
WSJ: Graphene
Reply #13 on:
August 26, 2013, 07:35:38 AM »
Wonder Material Ignites Scientific Gold Rush
Atom-Thin Graphene Beats Steel, Silicon; A Patent "Land Rush"
Graphene is an extremely thin, strong and flexible material derived from the graphite found in everyday pencils. Scientists are racing to exploit those attributes for an array of new applications. WSJ's Gautam Naik reports. Photo: Daniella Zalcman.
CAMBRIDGE, EnglandA substance 200 times stronger than steel yet as thin as an atom has ignited a global scientific gold rush, sending companies and universities racing to understand, patent and profit from the skinnier, more glamorous cousin of ordinary pencil lead.
The material is graphene, and to demonstrate its potential, Andrea Ferrari recently picked up a sheet of clear plastic, flexed it and then tapped invisible keys, triggering tinkly musical notes.
The keyboard made at Dr. Ferrari's University of Cambridge lab was printed with a circuit of graphene, which is so pliable that scientists predict it will fulfill dreams of flexible phones and electronic newspapers that can fold into a pocket.
Dr. Andrea Ferrari, head of graphene research at the University of Cambridge, inspects equipment used for experiments on the atom-thick material.
It is the thinnest material known. But it is exceedingly strong, light and flexible. It is exceptional at conducting electricity and heat, and at absorbing and emitting light.
Scientists isolated graphene just a decade ago, but some companies are already building it into products: Head NV HEDYY 0.00% introduced a graphene-infused tennis racket this year. Apple Inc., AAPL -0.39% Saab AB SAAB-B.SK -0.08% and Lockheed Martin Corp. LMT +1.85% have recently sought or received patents to use graphene.
"Graphene is the same sort of material, like steel or plastic or silicon that can really change society," says Dr. Ferrari, who leads a band of about 40 graphene researchers at Cambridge.
Graphene faces hurdles. It is still far too expensive for mass markets, it doesn't lend itself to use in some computer-chip circuitry and scientists are still trying to find better ways to turn it into usable form. "Graphene is a complicated technology to deliver," says Quentin Tannock, chairman of Cambridge Intellectual Property, a U.K. research firm. "The race to find value is more of a marathon than a sprint."
Interest in graphene has exploded since 2010, when two researchers won a Nobel Prize for isolating it. Corporate and academic scientists are now rushing to patent a broad range of potential uses.
"As soon as I find something, boom! I file a patent for it," says James Tour, a graphene expert at Rice University in Houston.
Apple has filed to patent graphene "heat dissipators" for mobile devices. Saab has filed to patent graphene heating circuits for deicing airplane wings. Lockheed Martin this year was granted a U.S. patent on a graphene membrane that filters salt from seawater using microscopic pores.
Others have applied for patents on graphene used in computer chips, batteries, flexible touch screens, anti-rust coatings, DNA-sequencing devices and tires. A group of scientists in Britain has used a graphene membrane to distill vodka.
There were 9,218 published graphene patents and patent applications filed cumulatively as of May around the world, up 19% from a year earlier, says Cambridge Intellectual. Over the past five years, it says, the cumulative number of graphene patent filings has more than quintupled.
"It's a land grab," says Mr. Tannock of Cambridge Intellectual. By trying to patent just about every finding, "you have the option for suing your competitors later and stopping them." Many graphene patent filings appear legitimate, but some seem speculative and others may be decoys to mislead rivals, he says.
'As soon as I find something, boom! I file a patent,' says an expert in graphene, which coats the disc, pictured.
Graphene's biggest short-term promise is in high-speed electronics and in flexible circuitry such as that in Dr. Ferrari's keyboard, because of expected demand for use in pliant electronic displays. Companies such as South Korea's Samsung Electronics Co. 005930.SE +0.39% and Finland's Nokia Corp. NOK1V.HE -1.10% have filed for patents covering various graphene uses in mobile devices.
One of the hottest areas is graphene ink used to lay down circuitry, which a few companies have begun to sell. Dr. Ferrari's lab last year filed for a patent on a graphene ink that can be deposited by inkjet printers. BASF SE BAS.XE -0.45% is experimenting with graphene ink to print flexible circuits into upholstery that can heat car seats, a technology it says could be in the market in a few years.
"Graphene combines various effects" that make it distinctive, says Matthias Schwab, a lab team leader in BASF's graphene-research operation. "I am seeing no other materials that can do it."
In effect, graphene has only two dimensions, in a microscopic structure that resembles chicken wire. In a study published five years ago, Columbia University researchers concluded it was the strongest material measured. They calculated it would take an elephant balanced on a pencil to puncture a graphene sheet the thickness of Saran Wrap.
It absorbs and emits light over the widest range of wavelengths known for any material. It conducts electricity far better than silicon. Unlike silicon, which is brittle, graphene is flexible and stretchable.
Graphene circuitry promises to eventually be cheaper than conductive materials such as copper and silver because it can be made from graphitethe plentiful stuff of an ordinary pencil leadand can also be created by combining certain gases and metals, or synthesized from solid carbon sources.
Rice University's Dr. Tour demonstrated in 2011 that graphene can be synthesized using carbon from sources as diverse as grass, Girl Scout cookies and cockroach legs.
Dr. Tour's lab has filed for multiple graphene patents, including for ribbons to reinforce composites that he says are strong enough to use in high-pressure natural-gas tanks that can be molded into cars. Patenting quickly, he says, "gives us a foothold on the technology."
One factor holding graphene back is cost. Some U.S. vendors are selling a layer of graphene on copper foil for about $60 a square inch. "It needs to be around one dollar per square inch for high-end electronic applications such as fast transistors, and for less than 10 cents per square inch for touch-screen displays," estimates Kenneth Teo, a director at the Cambridge unit of Germany's Aixtron SE AIXA.XE -1.16% that makes machines to produce graphene.
Graphene must often be combined with other materials to exploit its properties, and scientists are still trying to figure out how to do that effectively.
It also has a significant shortcoming: It can't easily be made into a switch. International Business Machines Corp. IBM +0.12% was initially optimistic about using graphene in computer chips but found electrons travel too fast in it to switch off easily, making it hard to turn current into the "ones" and "zeros" of digital code.
Labs around the world are trying to solve the problem. But for now, "we don't see graphene replacing silicon in microprocessors," says Supratik Guha, director of physical sciences at IBM's research unit, who says he remains a big proponent of graphene. IBM is a major graphene-patent filer.
Graphene could still meet the fate of other touted materials that failed to live up to their promise. The discovery of high-temperature superconductors garnered a Nobel Prize in 1987 and led to a flood of patents and predictions of technologies such as superfast magnetically-levitated trains. The world is still waiting.
That still leaves plenty of scientific enthusiasm. In 2012, scientists published 45% more papers on graphene than in 2011, according to Thomson Reuters Web of Science, an index of journals.
It's a global race: Chinese entities had filed for the most graphene-patent applications cumulatively as of May, followed by U.S. and South Korean filers, says Cambridge Intellectual. Samsung accounted for the most filings, followed by IBM and South Korea's Sungkyunkwan University.
While labs work out graphene's kinks, some of the patents have found their way into products. Vorbeck Materials Corp., of Jessup, Md., makes a graphene ink it says is being used to print circuits in antitheft packaging in a few U.S. stores, which it declined to name.
Head's racket is reflected in an application it filed for a patent on graphene in a wide range of sports gear, from golf clubs to ski bindings. A Head representative referred inquiries to its website, which says graphene's strength lets it use less material in the racket, allowing the designer to redistribute the weight for more power.
Bluestone Global Tech Ltd., a Wappingers Falls, N.Y., startup, makes graphene sheets it says it ships to customers in the U.S., Singapore and China. "Within half a year, graphene will be used for touch screens in commercially available cellphones," predicts Chung-Ping Lai, its chief executive officer.
The graphene frenzy was unimaginable before 2003, when many scientists believed an atom-thick layer of anything couldn't keep from falling apart.
That year, Andre Geim stumbled upon graphene's wonders. A Russian-born scientist at the University of Manchester in Britain, he wanted thin graphite to study its electrical properties. A doctoral student suggested using cellophane tape.
Dr. Geim and his colleagues used the tape to peel off layers of graphite until they got to a layer so thin it was transparent. When they could peel no further, they had graphene. Not only did it not fall apart, it was strong, flexible and possessed astonishing electrical properties.
Other scientists were initially skeptical. "Not many people believed us," says Dr. Geim. But by March 2006, when he presented at a Baltimore conference, his session was packed, recalls Cambridge's Dr. Ferrari. "Finally, I understood how significant the material was going to be," he says.
In 2010, Dr. Geim and a colleague, Konstantin Novoselov, won the Nobel Prize in physics for their graphene work. By that time, corporate labs, universities like Rice and Harvard University, and academic institutions in China had begun to increase graphene research. In 2010, Japanese and South Korean scientists unveiled prototype graphene touch screens.
Labs at Samsung and Sungkyunkwan University, in particular, began to stand out for the volume of their research. "Although the basic research on graphene started in Europe and the U.S., the early research for commercial applications started in Korea," says Changgu Lee, a Sungkyunkwan graphene researcher. "We want to keep the lead."
A Samsung spokeswoman declined to comment on the company's graphene work.
Among those expressing enthusiasm for graphene is the U.S. military. In late 2011, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory in Adelphi, Md., signed an agreement to study graphene's properties with Northeastern University in Boston. The agreement is mainly funded by a $300,000 grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or Darpa.
The university plans to use graphene to design better night-vision goggles and other such detectors, says Srinivas Sridhar, a Northeastern physics professor. A Darpa representative, in an email, confirmed the project.
A walk through Dr. Ferrari's labs this summer gave a window into the research. One of his associates, Felice Torrisi, showed how tape could peel graphene from a graphite clump. "This is obviously not scalable" for industrial purposes, said Dr. Torrisi.
That speaks to a big goal in the graphene race: finding the best ways to manufacture it. A large number of patent filings describe methods of manufacturing graphene.
Dr. Torrisi next held up a vial of ink consisting of graphene in water. A nearby inkjet printer whizzed away, depositing the ink on a plastic sheet to form a near-invisible circuit. Ink printed on plastic was the trick behind the keyboard Dr. Ferrari tapped to trigger music from attached electronics.
In other Cambridge lab rooms, researchers showed off an early prototype of a graphene-based laser that can shoot out ultrafast pulses of light and graphene sensors that can detect any wavelength of light.
Graphene's heat-conducting properties appear to be at the heart of Apple's patent application, which includes drawings of a graphene "heat dissipator" behind components in a "portable electronic device." An Apple spokeswoman declined to comment.
Saab wants to take advantage of graphene's lightness and conductivity by embedding it in wings for deicing. The research is still in early stages, "but it is certainly part of our plan for introducing flying applications," says Mats Palmberg, who oversees future products at Saab's aeronautics unit.
Lockheed expects its graphene membrane to be "more effective at seawater desalination at a fraction of the cost" of current technologies, it says in a news release.
The discovery of graphene has also led scientists to hunt down scores of other two-dimensional materials with unusual properties, says Dr. Geim, the Nobel laureate. "Graphene opened up a material world we didn't even know existed."
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Graphene, Carbyne? I need GG!!!
Reply #14 on:
September 02, 2013, 09:12:20 PM »
I have been getting some email alerts about graphene having some sort of incredible characteristics. Being single atom thin with incredible strength, more than any other material. Having something like twice the conducting properties of copper. Being flexible. And incredibly light. Leave it to the geniuses at MIT to find something that may be even better, carbyne. Could either of these replace silicon? GG where are you?
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ZoteroZotero is a browser-based citation management tool developed at George Mason University. Its basic purpose and functionality is similar to RefWorks, but instead of tracking your citations in a web database, it works as a browser extension (designed for Firefox but currently in beta release as a standalone application), saving citations locally on your computer, and making your citations available from any computer by syncing. To see a helpful introductory video on Zotero, visit the Zotero website. Download a quick reference guide to common tasks in Zotero Installation:1. Install through the Zotero website. Zotero downloads as a Firefox extension (a standalone product that works with all browsers is also available as a beta release). 2. Create a Zotero account. After installation, Zotero requires a restart of the browser, after which, you will be brought to the Zotero account creation site. It is strongly recommended you register for a Zotero account to enable syncing and groups. 3. Optimize preferences. After installation, NCSU users should check a few settings for optimized use:
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Joseph Lee Chatwin, 40, was taken into custody early Thursday morning at 4900 South State Street in Murray after he again tried to flee from police.
Farmington Police were contacted early Thursday morning about the arrest and are pleased Chatwin is back in custody.
"I talked to the detective this morning and this clears 14 vehicle burglaries from Farmington alone," Farmington Police Lt. Parish Snyder said.
Members of the U.S. Marshals Office Joint Criminal Apprehension Team have been on the lookout for Chatwin since his alleged July 17 escape from police custody in Farmington.
On Wednesday night he went to a home in Sandy, then left. JCAT officers tried to stop him using spikes, said Jim Phelps, of JCAT. One of the tires was hit and blew out, but Chatwin continued to flee.
He then drove to Murray where police again used spikes, blowing out two additional tires, but Chatwin continued driving on the tire rims.
Phelps said that after the car was disabled, Chatwin bailed out and tried to get into a vehicle driven by a woman parked at a red light.
Officers were able to jump on Chatwin as he allegedly tried to steal the car.
Phelps said as Chatwin allegedly reached for a gun, an officer tasered him and used a police dog.
Chatwin was taken to the hospital with dog bites and Taser wounds and was then to be booked into the Salt Lake County Jail.
Snyder said Chatwin's arrest solves a lot of vehicle crimes across the Wasatch Front. Vehicle burglaries are among the hardest to solve, he said.


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randomvillain ONLINE (01/16/2013) [-]
The guy blew his head off with a shotgun after slitting both wrists, then the guitarist came and saw it. He took pictures after running to the corner store to grab a disposable camera, and it became the cover of their album Dawn of the Black Hearts. They took pieces of skull and turned them into necklaces for those who were thought worthy. One guy didn't get one, so he planned on torturing the guy who made the necklaces, and selling video of it on the internet. Then the potential torture victim stabs the potential torturer multiple times, and goes to jail. I think Varg was the one to go to jail. I can't recall the story fully, or in great detail. It's been a while for me as well


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The Lewis-Clark State basketball teams have now occupied the Activity Center for nearly a full calendar year, and they have yet to lose a single game there. After Friday night, the men's and women's clubs are a combined 26-0 in their new arena.
But for a few surreal moments in the second half, an 0-14 team seemed to have a vague chance of beating the LCSC men. Had that happened, the Activity Center might have collapsed into a pile of rubble and been sucked below ground.
The Warriors, however, did avert disaster. They punched in some clutch baskets in the closing minutes to forge a 58-43 victory over winless Johnson & Wales.
LCSC (11-2, ranked 22nd in the NAIA) mustered air-tight defense in the first half. The Warriors went to the locker room with a 32-13 edge, after the Wildcats shot 17.4 percent from the floor.
But the Denver club found some traction in the second period. Back-to-back 3-pointers from Danny Lopez and Eric Daniels made it a 10-point game with 14:50 left.
Later, JWU cobbled together a 7-0 spree to cut the Warriors' lead to 43-36 -- the closest it would get.
Meanwhile, LCSC's offense went icy. Coach Tim Walker blamed the dropoff on the Wildcats' zone defense.
"We haven't been zoned like that for 30 minutes," Walker said. "... We just don't have a lot of zone stuff in -- three things, actually. But we're probably adding some stuff tonight for tomorrow afternoon's game."
Nevertheless, the Warriors gutted out baskets when they had to have them. After the lead was cut to seven, Jamal Harris hit a baseline runner, followed by a Keith Scarbrough 3-pointer and a Harris dunk off a drive and feed from Eric Durrett.
Since the Warriors weren't accustomed to attacking a zone, their offense was mistake-prone. They coughed up 24 turnovers -- which is one of the reasons they had just 50 shot attempts.
JWU (now 0-15) attended the NAIA Division II national tournament last year, but are an almost totally different team this season.
But the Wildcats do have some keepers. Chief among them is Daniels, a 6-foot-1 sophomore from Salt Lake City who pumped in a game-high 19 points.
L-C was paced by Chris Pitts (11 points, 12 rebounds), Harris (10 points, eight boards) and Scarbrough (nine points, six assists, six boards).
The Warriors will face JWU again today at 4 p.m.
After the game, Walker told his players that he was going to the movies.
"And they asked me what movie it was, and I said, 'Well, it's Johnson & Wales at L-C, and it starts at about 10 o'clock.'
"I think they had a little compassion for me," Walker added. "I'd just like to go home and rest tonight, but since we were so awful in the half-court, I've got to work tonight."
Lopez 2-8 0-0 5, Daniels 7-13 1-2 19, Jones 1-9 0-0 2, Mitchell 2-7 2-2 6, Brumley 1-6 2-2 5, Dobbs 0-3 4-4 4, Fantini 0-1 0-0 0, Smith 1-2 0-1 2. Totals 14-49 9-11 43.
Ward 2-3 0-0 4, Pitts 4-7 3-3 11, Durrett 4-13 0-0 9, Scarbrough 3-5 0-0 9, Bishop 1-3 4-4 6, Orr 0-3 0-0 0, Thompson 1-3 0-0 2, Harris 4-9 2-3 10, Tikker 3-4 1-1 7. Totals 22-50 10-11 58.
Halftime score -- LCSC 32, JWU 13. Three-point goals -- JWU 6-18 (Lopez 1-5, Daniels 4-8, Brumley 1-4, Dobbs 0-1); LCSC 4-15 (Ward 0-1, Durrett 1-5, Scarbrough 3-5, Bishop 0-2, Orr 0-2). Rebounds -- JWU 24 (Jones 8); LCSC 43 (Pitts 12). Assists -- JWU 9 (Lopez 4); LCSC 15 (Scarbrough 6). Total fouls -- JWU 14; LCSC 14. Technical fouls -- JWU's Jones. Fouled out -- none.
Lewis-Clark State College, 500 8th Avenue, Lewiston, ID 83501 (208) 792-2289 Web Site maintained by Sports Information Office
Copyright © Lewis-Clark State College | Disclaimer | Technology Use Guidelines


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Nottinghamshire Manorial Documents Register now online
01 September
Following a five-month project run by Nottinghamshire Archives, in association with the University of Nottingham's Manuscripts and Special Collections department and supported by The National Archives, the Nottinghamshire section of the Manorial Documents Register (MDR) has been made available online at nationalarchives.gov.uk/mdr/.
The MDR records information on Nottinghamshire's manorial records from over 255 manors, held at 49 different locations worldwide, some in publicly accessible institutions and others still in private ownership. The Nottinghamshire project benefits researchers worldwide, enabling them to search for manorial records by manor, parish, type of record or by date, and to identify relevant records online for the first time for this county.
Go to the Manorial Documents Register.


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You're leaving Wedding Paper Divas to see the Deal of the Day at our parent site, Tiny Prints.
"As soon as I saw this label, I loved the look! The idea of the fireflies in & around the mason jars took me back to my youth enjoying summer with friends. I loved the 'fun' & light-hearted feel of these labels. I want people to smile when they see them! I did not have any problems with the design, the ordering or the delivery. The final product is perfect!"
"The labels looked exactly like how they appeared on the computer when I ordered them. The paper stuck very well to the envelopes and I will probably order more."
"These labels are great! The customization process was simple. The quality is great for the price point. I didn't use these as address labels, but as a label for bubbles for my wedding. They were a perfect fit! the I highly recommend this prodiuct!"
"Great quality and looked exactly as they did in the PDF. I originally went with the blush color but the white wasn't as visible so the designer suggested Rose- it was perfect!!"
"I love that this site has so many different kinds of products with the same theme/design. I made gift tag/sticker labels for the bridal shower's party favors, and these address labels are going to perfectly match the party invites and the favors perfectly. AND they were totally affordable!"


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Chalkboard Pro (Darkgreen)
*\(^o^)/*☆ Congratulations! ☆*\(^o^)/*
Our other app PDF Converter for iPad is in Top 100 now!
☆彡 Top 16 Paid App in Italia
☆彡 Top 20 Paid App in France
☆彡 Top 35 Paid App in Australia
☆彡 Top 39 Paid App in Canada
☆彡 Top 47 Paid App in United Kingdom
☆彡 Top 45 Paid App in United States
With the best UI design, chalkboard pro allow you to easily draw and sketch on your iPhone or iPod touch, you can quickly stroke numbers,notes,pages,or doodle whereave you can, then swipe left or right to review you great works with your finger and show it to your friends or kids.
1. Eight colorful chalks (White,Red,Green,Yellow etc..)
2. Darkgreen background board (with aluminum edge)
4. Insert a new board or delete the olds (create boards as much as you can, with a label to show index)
5. Swipe left or right to review boards (show them to your friends or kids)
6. Auto save boards & remenber the last boards (allow you to continue your works at anytime)
7. Lock or unlock board (lock it you edit you works and unlock it to review them)
Any questions, suggestions and problems please let us know.
We will reply ASSP, and continue to update.
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
(Our domain mail system works now!)
What's new
1. Add mail out image
2. Save image into Album
3. Copy to pasteboard
4. Open in...
5. Air Print
6. iPhone 4 Retina support.
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- Last changed:
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- Utilities
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"Beyond Denial, Stash in Style"
*Swoon*: Joining the Vices line from Jonathan Adler are the tres chic 'Puppy Uppers' & 'Kitty Krack' canisters to stash your four-legged dependent's goodies in style. The original Vices line comes in black/white or brown/light blue & in a variety of sizes with cheeky labels like 'Uppers', 'Downers', 'Prozac', 'Quaaludes' & 'Dolls'. Support your Puppy's treat habit in style!
(How did I miss this while making my Christmas wishlist?!)


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- Students
- Employers
- Alumni
- Faculty/Staff
- Family
- Ecampus Students
- About Us
Sample Interview Questions Asked By Employers
Below are some example questions an employer may ask.
Interest in Organization/Position:
- Why would you like to work for our organization?
- How did you become interested in this field?
- What interests you about this position?
Personal Questions:
- Tell me about yourself.
- What are your hobbies?
- Why did you choose to interview with our organization?
- Describe your ideal job.
- What can you offer us?
- What do you consider to be your greatest strength?
- Can you name some weakness?
- Define success. Failure.
- Have you ever had any failures? What did you learn from them?
- Of which three accomplishments are you most proud?
- Who are your role models? Why?
- How does your college education or work experience relate to this job?
- What motivates you most in a job?
- Have you had difficulty getting along with a former professor/supervisor/co-worker and how did you handle it?
- Have you ever spoken before a group of people? How large?
- Why should we hire you rather than another candidate?
- What do you know about our organization (products or services)?
- Where do you want to be in five years? Ten years?
- Do you plan to return to school for further education?
- What do you think it takes to be successful in this job?
- What skills have you developed that would prepare you for this job?
- In what ways could you make a positive contribution to our organization?
- What special skills could you contribute to our company?
Education Questions:
- Why did you choose your major?
- Why did you choose to attend your college or university?
- Do you think you recieved a good education? In what ways?
- In which campus activities did you participate?
- Which classes in your major did you like best? Least? Why?
- Which elective classes did you like best? Least? Why?
- If you were to start over, what would you change about your education?
- Do your grades accurately reflect your ability? Why or why not?
- Were you financially responsible for any portion of your college education?
Experience Questions:
- What job-related skills have you developed?
- Did you work while going to school? In what positions?
- What did you learn from these work experiences?
- What did you enjoy most about your last employment? Least?
- Have you ever quit a job? Why?
- Give an example of a situation in which you provided a solution to an employer.
- Have you ever done any volunteer work? What kind?
- How do you think a former supervisor would describe your work?
Career Goal Questions:
- Do you prefer to work under supervision or on your own?
- What kind of boss do you prefer?
- Would you be successful working with a team?
- Do you prefer large or small organizations? Why?
- What other types of positions are you considering?
- How do you feel about working in a structured environment?
- Are you able to work on several assignments at once?
- How do you feel about working overtime?
- How do you feel about travel?
- How do you feel about the possibility of relocating?
- Are you willing to work flextime?
Behavioral Interview Questions:
Past behavior predicts future behavior, so be specific. Remember to use the STAR method (Situation, Task, Action, Result) when answering these questions.
- What was the toughest decision you had to make at a previous job?
- Tell me about the most difficult person you've had to communicate with.
- Tell me about a group project you were involved in. What was your role?
- Describe a recent work related problem and the actions you took to solve it.
- What is the biggest challenge you've faced in college and how did you deal with it?
- Tell me about a time when you had to resolve a conflict in a group situation.
- Tell me about a time when you followed through on a commitment, despite difficulties.
- Describe a situation where you had to do several tasks at the same time.
Other Resources
- glassdoor.com - a free jobs and career community that offers the world an inside look at jobs and companies. What sets them apart is their "employee generated content" – anonymous salaries, company reviews, interview questions, and more – all posted by employees, job seekers, and sometimes the companies themselves. Great place to find actual interview questions asked by specific companies and for specific job titles.
- Ready Prep Interview - free site with thousands of job interview questions that are position specific.
In summary, always be positive in your answers. Emphasize your accomplishments and qualifications. Be prepared to give concrete and/or quantifiable examples that support and illustrate desirable personal attributes.
If weaknesses exist in your experience or academic background, don't try to hide them if questioned directly; mention them in context with or relate them to factors of strength. Never provide excuses or apologies.
If you don't know the answer to a particular question, say that you don't know. You will at least be thought of as honest. No matter how frustrated and flustered you feel, don't panic. Remain honest and calm. Keep in mind the most important things you have to offer: your education, skills, talents, and abilities. No one can take them away from you.
What employers seem to be seeking is a combination of personal and intellectual qualities that indicate potential for competence on the job, a strong motivation and desire to achieve, and the ability to work cooperatively with other people in the working environment. The candidates who have the best chance of landing a "good" job in a competitive job market are those who are most successful in convincing employers these requirements are met.


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Hotel address
Rua Sena Madureira 1355, Bloco 2Ibirapuera
How to reach the hotel
GPS :S 23° 35' 36.04'' W 46° 38' 52.01''Contact the hotel
- Tel. (+55)1132010800
- Fax. (+55)1132010865
- email@example.com
Recently viewed hotels
Mercure Sao Paulo Ibirapuera (anteriormente Novotel) - hotel description
Hotel code: 1830
The Mercure Sao Paulo Ibirapuera is located close to Ibirapuera Park, the largest park in São Paulo, as well as Congonhas Airport, Avenida Paulista (the financial and business center), and the main cultural centers, such as OCA, MAM and Bienal. It is ideal for both business trips or family vacations, offering two meeting rooms for conferences and seminars, two tennis courts, a fitness center, restaurant, bar and parking.
See the rooms
See the meeting rooms
Extras of this hotel
The hotel is situated in one of the best areas of the city, next to the landmark site of Ibirapuera Park, and close to Congonhas airport and the city's cultural attractions. Ideal location for business or leisure trips.
Message from the hotel manager
Mrs.Daniele APPROBATO, the manager of the Mercure Sao Paulo Ibirapuera (anteriormente Novotel) hotel, would like to welcome you.
Hotel - Mercure Sao Paulo Ibirapuera (anteriormente Novotel) access map
See you in São Paulo
Naturaltech, International Healthy Food, Natural products and Health Fair
Trade Fairs & Expos
From Monday, May 5 2014 to Thursday, May 8 2014
Ibirapuera Park plays host to this year's international nutrition, natural products and health trade fair. Bec...1.16 km from the hotelView other attractions near the hotelThese prices may be based on different room types. Depending on the country, these prices may not include taxes, may include VAT only or may include all taxes (VAT and city tax). When prices do not include all taxes, the relevant taxes (VAT and/or city tax) will be stated in the following stages of the reservation process. The price is only guaranteed at the time of reservation.


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The United Nations Environment Programme has identified the ski industry, which needs cold weather and snow to thrive, as one of the most vulnerable industries to climate change worldwide.
In the northeast United States, at least, it may not be the Killington's, the Stowe's or the Sugarloaf's that are at risk. Most endangered are smaller, regional operations at lower elevations farther south that either can't adapt or can't afford to adapt as warmer temperatures and less reliable snowpack shortly become the new norm.
Across the country, climate change impacts will likely vary by region. For the West, for instance, water scarcity and drought could end up having a big effect, as ski areas lose the ability to reliably make snow.
But generally, less predictable winter weather means a tough road ahead for any ski area. And in the Northeast, increasingly unreliable winters could affect more than half of the region's 103 active ski areas, according to a report published in September in the journal Tourism Management.
Shorter ski seasons and a lower probability of being open during the lucrative Christmas-New-Year holiday week could doom many of the smaller resorts, the researchers concluded.
"Climate change is like any other business risk it will create opportunities for some, misfortune for others," said Daniel Scott, a professor of tourism management at the University of Waterloo in Canada and part of the team of researchers studying climate change's impact on Northeast ski areas such as Jiminy Peak.
By 2039, the researchers found, only half of the ski areas in the Northeast will be able to maintain a 100-day season a measure of economic viability in the ski industry.
For smaller, southern-tier resorts closer to the major metropolitan areas, the view is especially grim. Within 30 years, no ski areas in Massachusetts or Connecticut will be able to maintain a 100-day ski season and only one-third of the resorts in New York could regularly expect to be open during the holidays. Even with the most efficient snowmaking technology available today, climbing temperatures will make it tough to make enough snow to stay open, said Scott.
The big mountain resorts of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, in contrast, are expected to thrive through mid-century and may even stand to gain more clients as smaller, more southern areas fail and the industry contracts northward.
It's not just about latitude and elevation. The researchers did not account for other aspects of the ski resort business, such as investments in state-of-the-art snowmaking technology, sources of revenue, or capital available for adaptationother factors, said Dawson, which may ultimately determine if the business floats or sinks.
"In the Northeast, it's going to be a mixed bag," said Jackie Dawson, a geographer at the University of Ottawa and lead author of the study. "Climate change is going to help create some winners and some losers."
"A ski resort isn't an easy business to run. You have to learn how to respond to the immediate conditions at your hill. You have to be a little nimble to make it," said Troy Hawkes, spokesperson for the National Ski Areas Association, an industry group based in Lakewood, Colo.
Since 2000, more than 190 ski resorts across the country have endorsed the Association's environment charter, known as Sustainable Slopes, to collectively address the potential threat that climate change poses to the industry. As a group, the industry has lobbied for clean energy legislation, wind energy production tax credits and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from coal-fired power plants.
"If there are two industries in the world that know that climate is changing, it's the insurance companies and the ski resorts," said Lawrence Hamilton, a sociologist at the University of New Hampshire.
According to Hamilton, the industry began experiencing the effects of climate change nearly 30 years ago. A series of unusually warm winters in the 1980s and 1990s was one factor in the closure of nearly 600 small, locally owned and public ski hills across the U.S. Northeast, because they couldn't afford to make snow. $1 billion loss
Nationwide, the $12.2 billion winter tourism industry has experienced an estimated $1 billion loss over the past decade and seen 27,000 jobs evaporate, according to an analysis prepared for the nonprofit groups Protect Our Winters and the Natural Resources Defense Council. Diminished snowfall patterns and the resulting changes in outdoor habits of Americans were to blame, according to the report, released last week.
This is a shorter version of a report that was originally published by The Daily Climate.
Enter your city or zip code to get your local temperature and air quality and find local green food and recycling resources near you.


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Hello folk of the forum. A few months back I bought my first boat, it came with trailer and outboard for £300 and it's a clinker built 12' ex-hire boat from the Orkney trout Lochs. I want a boat for sea fishing within a mile or two of the coast which can handle some swell and keep me safe. I got this from a local boat enthusiast who sold it to me because he needed the space, it's been in storage for 4 years or more (dry stored) so is about as dry as you can get short of baking her! I am a complete and total amateur regarding boats but I like working with wood, problem is I really don't know where to start with this boat........
Ok, so I've scratched my head and had a poke at the wood, most seems solid apart from the transom which has soft areas that I've dug out with a chisel, top 1/3 to 1/2 of the top planks, no knees for seats and part of the keel at the bow which needs replacing. Oh I forgot to mention that I need to replace the gunwales inside and out and the spacer blocks which lie between the ribs and join the inner and outer gunwales together, also a capping piece along the top of the gunwales. A couple of ribs are missing and some others are broken in places. I will be taking some photos but my camera battery won't charge when I tried yesterday. The boat has been stored outside since September with polytarps over it (yes I know, plastic + wood = not good but I don't have an indoor space for it right now) loosely so the plentiful wind up here can keep the damp of her. Yesterday I took the covers off and there was a damp feel to the wood so I have now taken the covers off and hope that this is the right thing to do?
I have accumulated some white oak battens (10mm x 40mm x 2.3m approx), some red pine planks (25mm x 225mm x 16'), a larch plank (22mm x 150mm x 16') and an 8' x 4' sheet of 9mm marine ply, also some driftwood crooks and tree stumps which I may try and cut some knees from. For paint (It's painted not varnished) I have bitumen paint for the bottom inside the boat, I have aluminium primer and exterior satinwood for the rest. I also have PU glue and West system epoxy and microfibres. I know where to get copper nails and roves but I'm not sure what size I need so I haven't ordered any yet apart from some small quantities of smaller sizes off eeeeeeebay. I'm in the process of trying to get a workspace and wanted to get the boat on the water this summer/spring so I'm not shy of quick fixes as long as I'll be safe for a season (I can work on it some more next winter). Bottom line is that I'm not sure how long this boat has got left in her and what the best thing to do with her is to maximise the working life, I am loathe to fibreglass over wood but that's one piece of advice I've had. This will be a boat for fishing primarily and money is definitely an issue. I can get timber from these: http://www.rembrandtimber.com/ either from their sawmill or from the list of timber in their "buy online" section but I think I already have the materials for top planks (red pine), ribs and knees (white oak), gunwales (larch, I originally ordered the oak for this but I don't think I can edge bend it as well as bowing it inwards) and for the capping piece strengthening the gunwales I was going to use the marine ply.
That's all I can think of at the moment, I tried to put as much detail as possible, sorry if there is too much detail! I'm feeling a bit overwhelmed at the moment and not sure if I've been sold a boat I can repair or whether it's not worth it, any advice would be greatly appreciated, I've read through the forums and sites for the last few months and my head is spinning with all the differing opinions and with how it all applies to my boat.
Thanks for reading.


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Salt Lake City, Utah May 3, 2012 USDA-Ut Dept of Ag Market News
Ogden Utah Grain Bids (Truck Load Delivered to Elevator)
Prices in dollars per bushel or dollars per hundredweight
**** All prices are indications not bids ****
US #1 Hard Red Winter Wheat
10 pct protein 4.88 Bu Up 3
11 pct protein 5.48 Bu Up 3
12 pct protein 6.08 Bu Up 3
13 pct protein 6.58 Bu Up 3
Spring Wheat 14% 7.41 Bu Dn 39
US #1 Soft White Wheat 6.20 Bu Dn 20
US #1 Yellow Corn 11.63 Cwt Dn 41
US #2 Barley 10.00 Cwt Unchanged
(Source: USDA-UT Dept of Ag Market News, Salt Lake City, UT (435-230-0402)
Utah Grain Bids
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Subject Areas
Standards-Based Grading
Reading Well By Third Grade
ISD 279-Osseo Area Schools has a long history of significant investment in maintaining well-articulated curriculum and programs and supporting them through staff development to ensure continuous improvement. School Board policy establishes the expectation for an inclusive curriculum and program development process, and requires that staff adhere to the school district's selected or created curriculum.
The improvement process requires that every area have a clear K-12 scope (what is taught) and sequence (when it is taught and for how long), supported by high quality materials and consistent implementation across the school district.
The process takes place over a period of seven years and includes information and ideas contributed by teachers, administrators, and community members. It incorporates research on trends and best practices, evaluation of current programming, compliance with federal and state statutes, and planning for revision. Each year of the seven-year cycle, every curricular and program area is involved in a particular task related to improvement
Major Activities: Needs are reviewed and the current program is compared against those needs and any other new requirements set by federal or state guidelines. A broad vision of the program area and specific recommendations for change are completed.
Major Activities: Based on Planning Phase recommendations, a plan for program improvement is developed which includes the program rationale, standards, outcomes, instructional strategies, scope and sequence, evaluation tools, materials selection and an implementation plan. At the conclusion of the development phase, core and supplementary materials are ordered and inventoried.
Major Activities: Core and supplementary materials are delivered to teachers, accompanied by staff development. Program monitoring guidelines are established.
Major Activities: Student achievement is assessed and the results are analyzed and evaluated. Interventions and follow-up testing take place in areas needing improvement. During the second year of this phase, additional data is collected in a variety of ways, such as stakeholder surveys, social trends, research, trends identified by professional organizations, laws and rules.


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It's Rosey here this week, as Georgina is going through a hectic time at the moment. Sorry about the delay in posting Friday's challenge, but better late than never. :-)
Georgina has chosen a good technique challenge for us all: PUNCHES
How many different ways can you put your punches to good use? If you have lots of flower punches, you might want to layer them up. Maybe you have confetti punches - try scattering them about and see what happens. If border punches are your addiction then see how many you can use in the same LO. Be innovative! Show us what you can do!
Here are a few pages from the DT to get your creative juices flowing.