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What Liberal Hollywood? posts
Sunday March 03, 2013What Liberal Hollywood? A.O. Scott on Guns and Movies
"After the killings at Sandy Hook Elementary School, Mr. LaPierre declared that 'the only thing that stops a bad guy with a gun is a good guy with a gun,' as pure a distillation of traditional Hollywood morality as you could want. ...
"When mass killings happen in the real world, the mark of the killer's pathology is often described as an inability to distinguish fantasy from reality. But that is not a syndrome that afflicts only individuals. We gravitate, collectively, toward a simplified world where might makes right and good guys and bad guys are easy to tell apart."
--A.O. Scott, from his article, "Finding Comfort in Easy Distinctions," which is part of a section on movies and violence in today's New York Times.
Arnold Schwarzenegger, former governor of California, in "The Last Stand" (2013).
Tags: AO Scott, What Liberal Hollywood, Movie Violence
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The Dangers of PBS Programming
Maybe Mitt was right about the dangers of PBS programming after all. From Steven J. Ross' "Hollywood Left and Right: How Movie Stars Shaped American Politics," pg. 378:
Schwarzenegger may have kept his personal politics quiet during his rise to stardom, but that did not mean he lacked a well-conceived ideology. Schooled in free market thought during his youth, his economic philosophy crystalized in January 1980 after watching Nobel Prize-winning economist Milton Friedman's Free to Choose television series on PBS. "It expressed, validated and explained everything I ever thought or observed about the way the economy works," he told the Wall Street Journal.
On the other hand, maybe Mitt's beef ultimately has less to do with Big Bird than Big Arnold (from pg. 387):
Party loyalists were less than thrilled when [Schwarzenegger] bypassed Mitt Romney to support Ted Kennedy's reelection bid in 1994 in Massachusetts.
Arnold, learning.
Tags: What Liberal Hollywood, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Milton Friedman, PBS
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Early GOP Brass
"[George] Murphy and [Ronald] Reagan's electoral success was directly tied to Southern California's emergence as the center of a plethora of socially and religiously conservative groups that preached, as one historian notes, an ideology of 'staunch individualism, Protestant piety, and resentment against Washington "collectivists'.' Ironically, this hotbed of antifederal activism owed much of its wealth and growth to Washington's largesse. In 1957, defense-related jobs accounted for 70 percent and 59 percent, respectively, of all employment in San Diego and Los Angeles counties. By the early 1960s, defense was the nation's largest business, accounting for 62 percent of the federal budget, and Southern California received the majority of those funds."
--Steven J. Ross in "Hollywood Left and Right: How Movie Stars Shaped American Politics," pg. 164. In Clintonian terms, it takes some brass to come to power by attacking what has created and nurtured you.
Tags: What Liberal Hollywood, Ronald Reagan, Politics of Resentment
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Being Fair to Hitler
"Making a film attacking Hitler ['The Great Dictator'] proved far more controversial than Chaplin anticipated. Producers who wishes to turn out starkly anti-Nazi movies—such as Walter Wanger and Harry and Jack Warner—were repeatedly constrained by Hollywood's self-censorship board, the Production Code Administration (PCA), and its antisemitic head, Joseph Breen. Created in 1934 to forestall federal censorship of motion pictures, PCA rules prohibited filmmakers from attacking or mocking foreign governments and their leaders. When Hitler and Mussolini promised to ban the films of any studio that offended them, and all Hollywood films if necessary, Breen stepped up his efforts to stop producers from endangering the industry's highly profitable foreign revenues.
"Indeed, not everyone thought Hitler was so evil. As late as January 1939, PCA censors attempted to halt production of Warner Bros.' Confessions of a Nazi Spy, the nation's first explicitly anti-Nazi film, explaining that to 'reperesent Hitler only as a screaming madman and a bloodthirsty persecutor, and nothing else, is manifestly unfair, considering his phenomenal public career, his unchallenged political and social achievements, and his position as head of the most important continental European power.'"
--from "Hollywood Left and Right: How Movie Stars Shaped American Politics," by Steven J. Ross
According to Hollywood's PCA, Hitler had "unchallenged political and social achievements." Why pick on him? According the HUAC 10 years later, the star of the movie was a red, too.
Tags: What Liberal Hollywood, Charlie Chaplin, Edward G. Robinson
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What Liberal Hollywood? Refuting Jonathan Chait's New York Magazine Piece
Jonathan Chait's New York magazine piece, "The Vast Left-Wing Conspiracy is on Your Screen," props up the very tired, and very dangerous, notion that the product of Hollywood is liberal. Here's how you refute it:
Think of almost every movie you've ever seen.
Seriously. Once you do that, the product of Hollywood, i.e., the movies, is revealed to be as white as the Republican party, as violent as a neocon's wet dream, and as monogamous as no one's wet dream.
The GOP propagates an absolutist vision of good vs. evil? Hey, so do the movies! The GOP is dominated by white men? Most movies star white men! With guns! And when bad guys gather, there's one thing Hollywood and the GOP agree on: Keep the diplomats out because they'll just screw things up with their words. Stupid words. Who needs words when you can kick some ass!
Forest, trees
Chait's thesis is a textbook example of not being able to see the forest for the trees. Here are some of his trees:
- "Margin Call," which blames the global financial meltdown on Wall Street shenanigans.
- "Ice Age 2: The Meltdown," which warns of global warming.
- "Avatar," which is full of "tree-hugging mysticism."
- "Veep" and "The Muppets" and "The Campaign," whose villains are rich oilmen.
- "The Dark Knight Rises," which, he writes, "submits the rather modest premise that, irritating though the rich may be, actually killing them and taking all their stuff might be excessive."
I'll give him rich villains. Most movies are about underdogs, which the rich are not, except in the fevered imaginations of FOX-News. Even Hollywood hasn't gone far enough to make them heroes. Except, of course, when their names are Bruce Wayne or Tony Stark.
I'll give him "Avatar" ... except not on his grounds. Tree-hugging mysticism? How about a not-so-subtle attack on the military-industrial complex? How about a greater critique of the Iraq War ("shock and awe") than its main opponent for best picture that year, "The Hurt Locker," which was actually set in Baghdad in 2004?
But I won't give him "Margin Call." It was barely seen. Its widest release was a mere 199 theaters (1/20 of a summer blockbuster), it grossed $5 million (1/40 or 1/60 of a summer blockbuster), and it was hardly the blanket condemnation of Wall Street Chait makes it out to be. It was a complex, ambiguous movie. One of the nastier execs, who turns out to be more loyal than we suspect, makes this speech as he's driving back from Brooklyn in his convertible:
The only reason that [most people] get to continue living like kings is cause we got our fingers on the scales in their favor. I take my hand off and then the whole world gets really fuckin' fair really fuckin' quickly and nobody actually wants that. They say they do but they don't. They want what we have to give them but they also want to, you know, play innocent and pretend they have know idea where it came from. Well, that's more hypocrisy than I'm willing to swallow. So fuck 'em. Fuck normal people.
Meanwhile, "Veep" skewers everyone, and the Democratic incumbent in "The Campaign," played by Will Ferrell, is a sleazy John Edwards type who screws any woman. Sometimes he does it in his campaign commercials. Chait's readings of Hollywood movies turns out to be more reductive than the reductive movies he's supposedly watching.
He thinks "Dirty Harry" is an anomaly and "Rambo" is forgotten. They're not. They've been replaced by "300," and "Taken," and "G.I. Joe," and the "Transformers" trilogy. He thinks "Syriana" shows us the dangers of our misbegotten wars. Maybe. But it, too, was complex, murky, and barely seen. Its widest release was 1,775 theaters, which was the 117th widest-release of 2005, and it grossed $50 million domestic, making it the 56th most popular movie that year. No. 2? "The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe." I believe there's a Christ analogy in there. No. 4? "War of the Worlds." Beware of foreign invasions. No. 8? "Batman Begins." Because when street violence happens, it's best to take the law into your own hands. Because you are pure and the system is not.
That's liberal?
Chait keeps doing this. He keeps bringing up the barely-seen to prove his point while ignoring movies that are disseminated everywhere. It's as if, to prove that liberals dominate the airwaves, he talks up "Fresh Air" but ignores Rush Limbaugh. His is a cloistered viewpoint in which HBO's "Girls" matters. Yet, for most of the country, "Girls" doesn't even exist. As in most Hollywood movies, girls don't exist.
Who are the heroes of most movies? Superheroes and soldiers, cops and cowboys. The movies haven't progressed past the mind of an 8 year-old boy. Neither has the Republican party.
In the documentary "Rated R: Republicans in Hollywood," Ben Stein, actor, conservative and Hawley-Smoot Tariff Bill advocate, actually crows about this:
In recent years, the obsession that young viewers have with the action movie has helped the political conservatives. Because it's basically saying all you braino, pointy-headed intellectuals, you're all wimps and losers. It's the action guy, the military guy, the police guy—he's the real hero of society, the real man, and he's the kind of guy you should be like.
That's the forest that Chait, obsessed with the trees, or with twigs he's found on the ground, misses.
John Wayne, George W. Bush
Chait makes one good point. It's about a twig he found on his short walk through the Hollywood trees:
When Joe Biden endorsed gay marriage in May, he cited Will & Grace as the single-most important driving force in transforming public opinion on the subject. In so doing he actually confirmed the long-standing fear of conservatives—that a coterie of Hollywood elites had undertaken an invidious and utterly successfully propaganda campaign, and had transmuted the cultural majority into a minority. Set aside the substance of the matter and consider the process of it—that is, think of it from the conservative point of view, if you don't happen to be one. Imagine that large chunks of your entertainment mocked your values and even transformed once-uncontroversial beliefs of yours into a kind of bigotry that might be greeted with revulsion.
You'd probably be angry, too.
I am angry, but for the opposite reason. Yes, the movies influence us. Yes, TV influences us. In my mind, everything affects everything, and if you're seen on 4,000 screens or in millions of households you're affecting things that much more.
So "Will and Grace" made us more tolerant of homosexuals? Good. I wonder if it makes up for the decades of sissies and perverts and suicidal sad sacks that were detailed in "The Celluloid Closet," a documentary on Hollywood's sad history with homosexual characters. Chait suggests that the portrayal of black presidents in movies like "Deep Impact" paved the way for Barack Obama? Good. I wonder if it makes up for decades of Stepin Fetchit roles, the lazy and the fearful and the laughable, which were the only black faces seen on movie screens for years.
More to the point: If "Will and Grace," a singular phenomenon, is so influential, what about the aforementioned westerns and cop shows, war movies and superhero epics? What influence do they have on us?
Could Ronald Reagan have been elected president without John Wayne on the movie screen? Could George W. Bush? Both played up the cowboy angle. Both kept using the lines of Hollywood to further their political goals. "Go ahead, make my day," Reagan said. "Wanted dead or alive," Bush said of Osama bin Laden. "Bring it on," Bush said to the Iraqi insurgents. One imagines that he saw himself as an action hero in an action movie. Most of America did, too. It went, "Fuck yeah!" Except the Iraq War didn't end the way movies are supposed to end. It just kept going. It got messier and bloodier and more difficult to sort the good guys from the bad guys. The audience got restless. It thought it was watching something by John Ford or Clint Eastwood and it turned into "The Battle of Algiers." It turned French on us. Fuck that. We walked out. We wanted a happy ending. Lesson unlearned.
And that's my point: Not only is the product of Hollywood not liberal, but its playbook, its archetypes and storylines, have been stolen by the GOP to get their candidates elected.
What liberal Hollywood?
Chait begins with the culture wars of the early 1990s ("Murphy Brown," "Cape Fear") and wonders where they went. He argues that conservatives have given up. They haven't. They bitched about "Million Dollar Baby" and its right-to-die ending. They bitched about "Avatar" and its trees. They bitched about "The Blind Side" and a photo of George W. Bush on the wall. They keep on bitching. Chait argues that liberals won the early'90s culture wars because these days homosexuals are sometimes depicted as human beings rather than demented perverts. I say conservatives won that war because they branded the product of Hollywood as liberal and the label stuck.
But it's a false brand. Seriously. Just think of almost every movie you've ever seen.
Tags: What Liberal Hollywood, Jonathan Chait, GOP, Gay Marriage
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Who is the Most Filmed Character Ever?
I was writing a review of "Margin Call" the other day, a good film with a great cast, and considered for a moment Paul Bettany's name in the cast list. IMDb.com informs us that he's best known for "A Beautiful Mind," "Master and Commander," and "The Da Vinci Code." I loved him in each of these and expected big things from him. But "A Beautiful Mind" was 10 years ago, "Da Vinci" five, and he kept appearing in movies I had no interest in seeing ("Priest," "Legion," "Inkheart"). Then IMDb reminded me he had recently played Charles Darwin in "Creation." "Was this the one that was never distributed in the U.S.?" I wondered. "The one Christian fundamentalists had a problem with?"
So I clicked on the character link.
While the answer to my initial question was yes, probably, I soon forgot all about it when I realized the following:
Charles Darwin wasn't portrayed on film until 1972.
Immediately, the usual "What Liberal Hollywood?" hackles were raised in me. The man who changed our 20th and 21st century worldview was ignored for the first eight decades of film? Not even a walk-on in someone else's story? Not even a "Bewitched" episode? And he's only been portrayed a total of 21 times? And this from an industry that's condemned daily as "liberal"?
That rant led to this thought: OK, how many times has Jesus Christ been portrayed on film?
Answer? 350 times, starting in 1897 with "The Horwitz Passion Play," which starred Jordan Willochko as the Son of God. But that answer immediately led to this question:
Hey, is Jesus the most portrayed character in movie history?
I tried to think of who might have been portrayed more often. Robin Hood? 122 times. Hamlet? 198. Abraham Lincoln? 263. Sherlock Holmes? 246. Dracula? 274. God? 340. Close.
Eventually I asked Patricia for her thoughts. In five seconds, she gave me this, but in the negative: "I don't think it's Santa Claus..." she began.
No, it is Santa Claus. 814 times.
Wouldn't it be nice, though, if IMDb had a sort function beyond what it currently offers—particularly if one could further sort by "movies," "TV," "Made-for-TV movies"? Instead, the site gives us user-created lists. We may never find out who the most filmed character in movie history is, but we do get to read blahXblahXblah's list of the 204 "Hottest Actresses"!
What do you think? Are Santa and Jesus it? Or has another character been portrayed more often?
Robin Hood is a piker compared to Jesus Christ and Santa Claus.
ADDENDUM: After all that, it turns out there is another....
Tags: Robin Hood, Jesus Christ, Hamlet, Abraham Lincoln, Sherlock Holmes, Dracula, Most Filmed Character, Santa Claus, IMDb.com
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Never Compromise: Hollywood and the Right-Wing
Jeff Wells talks up the latest poster for "The Iron Lady," Meryl Streep's biopic of Margaret Thatcher, and its tagline, "Never compromise," and riffs on all the anti-Obamaites in Congress who would agree with that slogan, who would rather "pull down the temple than be responsible legislators," and concludes, even as he admits he's going to like the hell out of Streep, "no heart-swelling emotional currents for Meryl's Maggie Thatcher...not from this corner, at least."
What all of that reminds me of, again—again, again, again—is how the right-wing in this country borrows the tropes of Hollywood heroes ("never compromise") even as it disparages Hollywood.
Sure, this time it's slightly different, since the uncompromising hero, or heroine, is in fact a politician, and a right-wing politician, rather than John Wayne, or Bruce Willis, or Arnold. But she's still being viewed through that Hollywood and PR prism. And it raises the question:
Why does the tagline, "Never compromise," appeal to us?
Immediate answer: Because most of us, poor wretches in the audience or in the voting booth, compromise all the time. We spend our lives compromising: with parents, with partners, with bosses; with expectations, with kids, with corporations; with life. Life for us is one compromise after another. Only life doesn't compromise back. (And Death is even worse.) We feel like we're the saps in all this.
That's why we go to the movies in the first place: to see that uncompromising hero or heroine. It's a wish-fulfillment fantasy, as surely as watching a man fly is a wish-fulfillment fantasy, and that's fine as long as we don't take the fantasy with us as we leave the theater.
But more and more of us are doing just that. We're taking that fantasy, now generated by the GOP—the less entertaining, right-wing version of Hollywood—into the voting booth and voting for the man who claims he never compromises. Which is as silly as going into the voting booth and voting for the candidate who claims he can fly.
Tags: Meryl Streep, Wish Fulfillment Fantasies, What Liberal Hollywood, Margaret Thatcher
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How great is it to be as stupid as Maureen Dowd?
In her latest column, "Eggheads and Blockheads," Maureen Dowd chastises the Republican party as the "How great is it to be stupid?" party, which it is, by comparing its current front-runner for president, Rick Perry, to ... wait for it ... John Wayne.
So she attempts to trash a man by comparing him to one of the most iconic heroes of American cinema? How great is it to be as stupid as Maureen Dowd?
Dowd uses John Ford's "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance" as her prism for the upcoming presidential race. She casts Barack Obama as Ransom Stoddard (Jimmy Stewart), the thin lawyer from the east who is often bullied by the likes of Liberty Valance (Lee Marvin), whom, in a final showdown, he shoots and kills. From this he gains acclaim, becoming an ambassador to England and U.S. Senator. But it's all a lie. Tom Doniphon (John Wayne), from behind a corner store, was the real man who shot Liberty Valance. Stoddard's shot missed high and wide.
What's the connection between Ford's film and our current reality? None. The comparison is facile. The connective tissue is barely there. She merely sees Obama as an egghead (forgetting Stoddard's rage), Perry as a blockhead (forgetting Doniphan's heroism), and the rest of us as the townsfolk caught in the middle (forgetting that most were stereotypical Scandinavians, a favorite Ford trope.)
As she puts it:
So we're choosing between the overintellectualized professor and blockheads boasting about their vacuity?
What's awful about Dowd is not just her myopic dichotomies, not just her clumsy Hollywood analogies, but the fact that she misses the bigger picture. Because what's fascinating about modern Republicans, who continually trash Hollywood, is how their candidates fit so easily into Hollywood western and action-adventure archetypes. This is intentional. The party that trashes Hollywood is the party that apes Hollywood. Both the GOP and Hollywood create wish-fulfillment fantasies in good vs. evil battles because that's what we, the public, wish to see. Until reality intrudes. Which makes us wish to see it even more.
It's not an insult, in other words, to compare Rick Perry to John Wayne. It is, in fact, the whole point to his awful, awful career.
Tags: Maureen Dowd, John Wayne, Rick Perry, What Liberal Hollywood
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What Liberal Hollywood? Anna Faris and the Laws of Date Night
A few weeks ago, in the April 11 edition of The New Yorker, there was a good article by Tad Friend on the comedic actress, and Washington state native, Anna Faris, which didn't seem to get much attention in the blogosphere—other than a curt dismissal on Hollywood Elsewhere—because it was only available in the digital and print editions. It wasn't online. It wasn't free.
But the best part of the article wasn't the stuff on Faris so much as the stuff on women, comedy and movies in general. The writer lists off the almighty Laws of Date Night that keep women and comedy separate and unequal:
- Men rule. (I.e., they pick the movie.)
- Men are simple. Don't confuse them. (Unnamed producer: "Men just don't understand the nuances of female dynamics.")
- If a woman is the star, it better be a romantic comedy. (Tad Friend: "Unless she is Angelina Jolie.")
- Women don't have to be funny. (Preston Sturges: "A pretty girl is better than an ugly one.")
- Also, women aren't funny. (David Zucker: "Maybe women have a built-in dignity...")
- Really, they're not. (Kennan Ivory Wayans: "If Will Ferrell was a girl, and she's got a belly and a hairy back, she's not running down the street naked.")
I gained newfound (firstfound?) respect for Seth Rogen, Feris' co-star in "Observe and Report," who observed (and reported), "If 'Pineapple Express' had been about two girls, they wouldn't have made it. And if I were a woman I wouldn't have a career."
Friend contrasts female comedians in movies with female comedians on TV, where they're doing just fine, thank you, but the discussion reminded me, yet again, how unliberal Hollywood is in practice. Liberalism means feminism, or includes feminism, and yet what's feminist about 99 percent of the product coming out of Hollywood? Nothing. The opposite. Hollywood isn't even conservative on the matter. It's Confucian.
Tags: What Liberal Hollywood, Women in Film, The New Yorker,
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Hollywood Values: Patriotism
"[Adolph] Zukor, like so many of the Hollywood Jews, had used [World War I] as an opportunity to prove his patriotism; visiting Frank Wilson, director of publicity of the Liberty Loan program, which raised money from bond sales, he announced that the industry was happy 'to show its patriotism [and] to prove beyond all question its worth to the Government as well as to the people of the United States,' as if these had been at issue. The Jews mobilized the entire industy; Lasky and De Mille, now headquartered in California, even formed a Paramount brigade that marched up and down the studio grounds with prop rifles in preparedness."
—Neal Gabler, "An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood," pp. 39-40
Tags: Neal Gabler, An Empire of Their Own, What Liberal Hollywood, Adolph Zukor
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Open Letter to Patrick Goldstein
Dear Patrick:
Please stop writing about right-wing culture critics. Please. They're idiots. They think the product of Hollywood is liberal when it's blisteringly conservative. They study each film looking for some liberal thing that liberal Hollywood "snuck" into a film without asking themselves why liberal Hollywood would need to sneak some liberal thing into a film. You bend over backwards for these guys, you try to figure out where they're coming from, you think they can be appeased, but they can't be appeased. The first sentence of your post last Wednesday was about as laughable as any first sentence can be: "If we could wave a magic wand and do just one thing that would bring true happiness to the right-wing blogosphere, what would it be?" The answer? Nothing. There's nothing we can do. Right-wing culture critics are in a permanent state of dissatisfaction. That's their raison d'etre. That's their super power. They're like Mr. Furious from "Mystery Men." They have the power to get really, really angry... and that's it. Take away that power and they have nothing.
As for the space you're giving them? Please use it to cover the studios. Please. The day after your worthless post about the right-wing blogosphere, you wrote about Fox Studios and the way it handles its screenwriters—including 11 screenwriters for "The A-Team"—and that's exactly what the rest of us, who don't live in Los Angeles, and don't know from studio bosses, need.
We know a little about the studios. In one of the countless "Downfall" mashups last year, there was a line complaining about how Fox dumbs down its superhero movies, about how they'd give goddamn Wolverine webshooters and a bat cape if they could. So people know. Last year I wrote a post—"Dumb Like a Fox"—ranking each studios' super-saturated films over the last five years by their average box office. The studio with the lowest average box office? Fox. The studio with the fewest fresh films according to top critics at Rotten Tomatoes? Fox again. There's a correlation there that, for whatever reason, people keep missing. Particularly people at Fox.
So we know Fox sux; we just don't know why Fox sux. Your recent column helps. We even have a possible name to attach to all of these lousy films: Fox co-chairman Tom Rothman. Nikki Finke, in her column, absolves Rothman, but you imply that this is because he is her source, or someone close to him is her source. Either way, you make clear, his Finkeish absolution is a farce. You write:
As anyone who's ever worked at Fox can attest, the brilliant, hard-working and, well, often overbearing Rothman is at the center of every key decision -- and some not-so-key decisions -- made at the studio. When Brett Ratner was making "X-Men: The Last Stand" at the studio, he once complained that the studio couldn't even send out publicity material for the film until Rothman had approved the photo stills.
Then you write about the process at Fox:
At Fox, the real art form isn't the movie, but picking the right release date and creating the right poster and trailer. Fox is a packaging studio, where the most creative person isn't any of the screenwriters, but Tony Sella, the marketing wizard who has become something of a genius at crafting irresistible trailers, TV spots and poster art for less-than-irresistible movies.
So now we have a name and a process to back up the numbers. We're that much closer to accountability.
Please keep doing this. This is what you're good at. This is what makes your column worth reading. Find out for us what we can't find out. Let us know what we don't know. Right-wing culture critics? Not only can we find that out for ourselves, we already know what they're saying. And we know it's not worth knowing.
Your sometime reader,
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Robin Hood — Libertarian?
Here's my favorite part of A.O. Scott's review of the new "Robin Hood":
Meanwhile — and believe me, there is a whole lot of meanwhile in this crowded, lumbering film —...
Here's my least-favorite part:
You may have heard that Robin Hood stole from the rich and gave to the poor, but that was just liberal media propaganda. This Robin is no socialist bandit practicing freelance wealth redistribution, but rather a manly libertarian rebel striking out against high taxes and a big government scheme to trample the ancient liberties of property owners and provincial nobles. Don't tread on him!
Yes, Robin Hood, in legend, is most famous for robbing from the rich and giving to the poor, but Hollywood, liberal Hollywood, has never followed suit. In the Fairbanks version in 1922, Robin and his men sing about it ("We rob the rich, relieve distressed..."), and an arrow quivers close to "the Rich Man of Wakefield," but that's about it. Otherwise they're against Prince John's excessive taxes. The Flynn version during the Depression? That caravan they rob is full of Prince John's tax money. Costner? He does rob a wealthy man, and takes the necklace off of his comely daughter, but he, too, is mostly about getting back tax money. Ditto Patrick Bergin the same year. You can take issue with it, but don't pretend it's anything new. Hollywood always makes it personal, not political.
Plus the libertarian line is just silly. The libertarian assumption is that we're all free and government enslaves us. The 12th century assumption is that we're all enslaved, at the whim of a king who is chosen by God, so Robin tries to use government, i.e., kingly decree, to free us. We're talking different planets.
Most important, and please accept the usual SPOILERS here, the fault of the new "Robin Hood" movie isn't that Robin Hood does't rob from the rich and give to the poor; it's that he never becomes Robin Hood.
Ah, well. At least Scott's review isn't as bad as Armond White's.
Tags: Robin Hood, What Liberal Hollywood, AO Scott
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Why Harry Can't Read Rights
So the main argument in yesterday's post was that the product of Hollywood, far from being liberal, is actually conservative, and, despite cries from the right about Hollyweird, on the left coast, being run by—as Sean Penn humorously put it in his Oscar acceptance speech last year—"commie, homo-lovin' sons of guns," the movies have actually helped conservativism. The movies, which are often simple and absolutist (good vs. evil), help conservatives, who are also simple and absolutist, more than they help liberals, who are sometimes simple but rarely absolutist.
A good example is how the right frames the left's response to terrorism. If you're against torture, and in favor of putting terrorists, or alleged terrorists, on trial instead of holding them indefinitely or forever, you're impugned as wanting to "read the terrorists their rights." Three days ago, in fact, the Obama administration announced the capture, in a joint raid by the ISI, Pakistan's Secret Service, and the CIA, of Mullah Abdul Ghani Baradar, the Taliban's no. 2 man and main military strategist. That's huge. The fact that the Pakistani Secret Service is involved is huger. And the right's response? From Powerline:
That's great, and we sincerely congratulate the administration on this accomplishment. We can't help noting, though: why didn't they pay for a lawyer and read Baradar his rights?
Google "Mullah Abdul Ghani Baradar" and "read him his rights" and, as of this morning, you'll get 161 responses. Google "read the terrorists their rights" and you'll get over 33,000 responses.
And where does this sneering attitude about reading people their rights come from? The movies. Liberal Hollywood. The most famous example is in "Dirty Harry." Scorpio, the giggling homicidal killer based upon San Francisco's Zodiac killer, says it first:
Scorpio: You tried to kill me.
Dirty Harry: If I tried that your head would be splattered all over this field. Now, where's the girl?
Scorpio: [cries] I- I have rights.
But when Harry brings him in, the evidence is inadmissible:
District Attorney: You're lucky I'm not indicting you for assault with intent to commit murder.
Dirty Harry: What?
District Attorney: Where the hell does it say that you've got a right to kick down doors, torture suspects, deny medical attention and legal counsel? Where have you been? Does Escobedo ring a bell? Miranda? I mean, you must have heard of the Fourth Amendment. What I'm saying is that man had rights.
Dirty Harry: Well, I'm all broken up over that man's rights!
It's not just "Dirty Harry," either. No modern action movie about cops dealing with killers would take anything less than a hardline attitude toward Miranda rights. The phrase has become a code for being soft on crime.
The right-wing's "reading the terrorists their rights" sneer is effective, in other words, because it's already embedded in U.S. society... through the movies...which the right-wing attacks as Un-American. It would be laughable if it weren't so hypocritical.
Tags: What Liberal Hollywood, Clint Eastwood, Dirty Harry, War on Terror
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What Liberal Hollywood?
I've been listening to right-wing culture critics complain about Hollywood for decades, ever since Michael Medved's unreadable book, "Hollywood vs. America," was published in the early 1990s during the heady days of Dan Quayle vs. Murphy Brown. I owned Medved's book for years, and every so often I'd give it a go, but I could never get 10 pages into it without wondering how the man got the book contract in the first place. Horrible writer. One of his main early points of attack, I remember, was Peter Greenaway's film "The Cook, The Thief, His Wife, Her Lover," which he found thoroughly disgusting, but which became a critic favorite in 1990. And what did Hollywood have to do with this film? Nothing. It was a joint British/French production, distributed in this country by upstart Miramax out of New York, and its widest release was 239 theaters. It did gross $7.7 million domestic, though. That made it the 108th highest grossing film released in U.S. theaters in 1990—only $278 million behind "Home Alone." No wonder Medved ran around like the cultural sky was falling.
Since then the din from the right about Hollywood and movies has only gotten worse. There's always some movie they've got complaints about. "Million Dollar Baby." "Munich." "Avatar." Hell, they even complained about "The Blind Side"—in which a white, southern Christian family opens its doors and hearts to a homeless black kid and turns his life around—because one character, and not a major character, and not even a sympathetic character, makes a reference about George W. Bush. Talk about touchy. Talk about politically correct.
Before I jump into this mess, let me concede that, yes, most people in Hollywood are probably of the left. Most people in cities are of the left, most artists are of the left, and L.A. is a city full of artists. Makes sense.
Let me also concede that every so often a filmmker sneaks a liberal point of view into a movie. The classic example for me is in 1983's "War Games," when misinformation leads us a step closer to nuclear war, and, shifting from one defcon to another, we see Ronald Reagan's smiling portrait in the background. The right sees this kind of thing as the power of liberal Hollywood but I see it as its impotence. They have so little power they have to sneak this shit in.
And the reason they have to sneak this shit in is because regardless of who lives in Hollywood, and regardless of their political persuasion, the movies themselves are ultimately conservative. Most movies promote monogamy, family, patriotism. They did so in the early days of Hollywood and they do so today.
I'll go further. This is the essential Hollywood storyline: A lone man using violence to achieve justice.
From silent westerns to the latest action blockbuster, from John Wayne to Clint Eastwood to Arnold Schwarzenegger, from Zorro to Batman to Spider-Man, this is the story Hollywood tells us over and over again.
It's easy to see why this is the essential Hollywood storyline, too, and it has nothing to do with politics. Since most movies are wish fulfillments, you need a) a hero, and b) a happy ending (justice). And since violence is more dramatic than diplomacy, you need c) violence to resolve whatever the conflict is.
But violence can be off-putting to some so Hollywood rigs the game further. They make the violence necessary by leaving out nuance. The good are super good and the bad are worse. And those who attempt diplomacy do so out of naivite or purely for political gain—thus further justifying the use of violence as the only possible solution.
And all of this plays into the hands of political conservatives, who tend to dismiss nuance and diplomacy, and ridicule those who assume there's complexity in the world.
In the documentary "Rated R: Republicans in Hollywood," Ben Stein, actor, conservative and Hawley-Smoot Tariff Bill advocate, crowed about all of this:
In recent years, the obsession that young viewers have with the action movie has helped the political conservatives. Because it's basically saying all you braino, pointy-headed intellectuals, you're all wimps and losers. It's the action guy, the military guy, the police guy—he's the real hero of society, the real man, and he's the kind of guy you should be like.
So at the same time the right attacks Hollywood for being unAmerican it uses this very Hollywood playbook, takes advantage of this very Hollywood storyline, to gain power and change law. The way Hollywood gets moviegoers to cheer in theaters is the way Republicans get Americans to vote for them on election day. Life is simple. Good guys are good, bad guys are bad. Compromise is for suckers. And only through violence (the war on terror, the war on drugs, the death penalty, torture) can we achieve justice.
This is not an argument against the essential Hollywood storyline. This is not an argument against the essential right-wing storyline. Not yet anyway. I'm simply suggesting that Republicans have a peculiar way of telling Hollywood "Thank you."
Tags: What Liberal Hollywood, Michael Medved, Clint Eastwood, John Wayne, Arnold Schwarzenegger
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Twitter: @ErikLundegaard
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Smithfield Nocturne 2008
The weather gods were clearly smiling on Saturday 7th June as a 5,000-strong crowd converged on central London for the second Rapha Condor Smithfield Nocturne. In contrast to the thunderstorms of Biblical proportions that saw last year's inaugural event played out beneath a deluge, it was balmy conditions that greeted riders and spectators for an evening feast of crit racing. Located in the heart of the City, Smithfield has, down the centuries, been the scene of sporting drama both compelling and gruesome, from jousting knights to public executions, and all staged on the 'smooth field' that once lay outside London's city limits.
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Tiny trendsetters can wear these neon pink Converse trainers with skinny jeans and a retro tee for a lovely laid-back look with a vibrant twist.
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Vans Authentic Hello Kitty Junior Plimsolls - Pink/White
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1 reviewVans Authentic Hello Kitty Junior Plimsolls
These adorable kids Vans Hello Kitty trainers are the perfect pick for your little one's casual footwear.
The classic Vans plimsoll has been given a fun twist with these vibrant Hello Kitty trainers. An all-over cartoon print and contrast-colour laces make these junior plimsolls really stand out with eye-catching retro style. Even the inside of these kids Vans features polka dots for extra colourful character and charm.
These junior Vans would go great with an array of their casual clothing, sprucing up a plain pair of jeans and t-shirt outfit or adding a retro element to a smarter style.
Useful info
- Hello Kitty junior plimsolls by Vans
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- Casual kids footwear


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Despite it's massive IT failure, RBS has not released sufficient detail and many questions remain.


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Redirected from Petrova Doppelgänger
Doppelgänger | |
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" | When they drank the immortality elixir, they violated the natural law that all living things must die, so Nature found a balance by creating mortal shadow selves. | " |
— Qetsiyah in Original Sin
Doppelgänger is a term used to describe a supernatural double of a living person. Doppelgängers are nature's way of balancing itself by making mortal shadow-selves for truly immortal beings. For two thousands years, Amara's doppelgängers (commonly referred to as Petrova doppelgängers) and Silas' doppelgängers have appeared over the centuries to take their progenitor's places as mortal human beings and have fallen in love with each other.
The first doppelgänger line introduced in the series is the Petrova doppelgänger line, of which Amara is the progenitor and Katherine Pierce, Elena Gilbert and Tatia are doppelgängers. A Petrova doppelgänger is estimated to be born every 500 years. Another doppelgänger bloodline, ancestors to the Salvatore bloodline, originates at Silas, whose only known doppelgänger is Stefan Salvatore. According to Qetsiyah, Stefan isn't Silas' first shadow.
The phenomenon of the shadow-self (doppelgänger) occurs to counterbalance a disruption to nature's law that all living things must die. Qetsiyah, one of the most powerful witches and member of a very gifted people called The Travellers, created a spell for immortality. Silas stole the Immortality elixir and used it on himself and his lover, Amara. Disrupting that balance when they became truly immortal, Silas and Amara inadvertently, created a line of mortal shadow-selves, or doppelgängers.
Silas and Amara: The First Immortals
Over two thousand years ago in ancient Greece, a young warlock named Silas was engaged to be married to Qetsiyah, a witch. Together, they were the most powerful members of a gifted people called Travellers. Silas told Qetsiyah that he wanted their love to last forever, even beyond death, and he convinced her to create a spell that would make them immortal. On the night that their wedding ceremony was to take place, Silas absconded with the elixir Qetsiyah had created, and as Qetsiyah watched plant life wither before her eyes, she knew that not only had Silas taken the elixir, he had also given her portion to someone else. She sought out Silas and found him in the wilderness with another woman – her handmaiden, Amara, was Silas' one true love, and she had taken Qetsiyah's share of the immortality elixir. Silas, having left Amara alone, returned to their hiding place to find Qetsiyah crouching over the chalice that had held the elixir. He cautiously enquired after Qetsiyah's purpose, and she explained that, to follow up her first gift of the immortality elixir, she had brought a second gift: the cure for immortality. Silas was dumbfounded, hardly believing her, but she insisted that it worked, as she had already used it on another immortal. Filling with dread, Silas ran into the tent he had shared with Amara, only to find blood soaked into every surface, as though someone had been brutally slaughtered there. Qetsiyah followed him into the tent and lifted a bloody human heart out of the chalice, admitting that she had slit Amara's throat before ripping her heart out. After Silas refused to take the cure, Qetsiyah trapped him on a desolate island in an underground cave, where he desiccated for two thousand years, entombed with the cure.
One major consequence of Silas and Amara becoming immortal was the creation of two successions of shadow selves, or doppelgängers. Their immortality had violated Nature's law that all living things must die, and so the doppelgängers came to exist as versions of Silas and Amara that can die. According to Qetsiyah, many identical replicas of Silas and Amara have been born over the centuries, finding each other time and time again as though drawn together by destiny. However, the exact number of doppelgängers that have existed is not certain, as only four doppelgängers have been identified by name: Stefan Salvatore is the only Silas doppelgänger that has been identified thus far, while Tatia, Katerina Petrova, and Elena Gilbert have been identified as Amara's.
Tatia and the Original Vampires
Tatia was a descendent and the second doppelgänger of Amara. She lived in America during the 11th century as a contemporary of the Mikaelson family. Even though she had already had a child by another man, both Elijah and Klaus fell in love with her. Seeking to end their feud, their mother, Esther, took her away. They later learned that it was Tatia's blood that laced the wine they consumed the night their mother turned them into vampires. Although it has not been explicitly stated, it is inferred that it was Tatia that Esther sacrificed to bind the hybrid curse.
Katerina, Elena, and The Hybrid Curse
- Main article: Hybrid Curse
The notion of the doppelgänger as a class of supernatural beings was introduced in the episode Rose by the character of the same name. Until that point, the term was used simply to describe Elena's uncanny resemblance to the vampire Katherine. Rose explains that Elena is a Petrova doppelgänger, and that she is one of the necessary components in a ritual to break the Sun and the Moon curse, which allegedly caused vampires to be ruled by the sun and werewolves to be ruled by the moon. Rose had originally tried to hand Elena over to Elijah, in an effort to earn back his and Klaus' favor, but after Elijah kills her friend Trevor, Rose decides to tell Elena and the Salvatores what she knows about Klaus. Rose's story is corroborated by Katherine, who tells Elena about how Klaus had wanted to use her in the sacrifice five hundred years before – to "drain every single drop of blood" from her body.
In the episode Klaus, Elijah reveals to Elena that the Sun and the Moon curse was fake, and the real curse was one that had been placed on Klaus to suppress his werewolf nature in order to prevent him from becoming a hybrid. He explains that five hundred years ago, Klaus had intended to sacrifice Katerina in the ritual, but she thwarted him by turning herself into a vampire, thus rendering herself useless – the doppelgänger had to be human for the ritual to break the curse.
In The Last Day, Elena surrenders herself to Klaus, and in The Sun Also Rises, after Jules the werewolf and Jenna the vampire have been sacrificed and their blood spilled over the moonstone by the witch Greta, Klaus drains Elena of her blood until she dies, and thus successfully breaks the Hybrid Curse.
Fortunately for Klaus, Elena actually survives the sacrifice, and in The Reckoning, Klaus discovers from Esther (via Bonnie and Matt, who had contacted Vicki on the Other Side) that the blood of the Petrova doppelgänger is required to create more hybrids like himself. After a werewolf drinks Klaus' blood and he kills them, once they reawaken they must drink Elena's blood in order to complete the transition and become a hybrid.
Silas' Return and Qetsiyah's Resurrection
In the twenty-first century, a man named Atticus Shane sets in motion a series of events that leads to the resurrection of the immortal Silas. Once he has regained his strength, Silas manipulates those around him to further his agenda: Bonnie must complete the Expression Triangle and destroy the veil, while Klaus must find the cure and return it to Silas. These things all occur to some extent – Bonnie completes the triangle and drops the veil, while Silas gets a hold of the cure – but Silas' plan goes awry when Bonnie subdues him and turns him to stone, and Alaric nabs the cure and gives it to Damon.
Later, while trying to resurrect Jeremy, Bonnie dies and the spell on Silas breaks. When Stefan is about to dump Silas' body into the quarry, Silas appears and reveals to Stefan his true form; they look exactly alike, and Silas explains that Stefan is his shadow self and doppelgänger, before locking Stefan in a safe and dropping it into the quarry.
Sometime when the veil was down, Qetsiyah managed to return from the Other Side in order to take matters into her own hands. After freeing Stefan and telling him her version of the story between her, Silas, and Amara, she uses Stefan in a spell to link him to Silas, then fries his brain, which in turn deprives Silas of his mind control abilities.
Powers and Abilities
- Blood: Because they are mystical and recurant, doppelganger are a massive source of power such as a Full Moon or a Comet. The blood of an doppelgängers can link supernatural beings (vampires, werewolves, witches and hybrids) to kinship with the help of magic conducted by any witch/warlock. The blood of a doppelgänger can also be used in the realization of a curse or spell which is extremely powerful.
Known Doppelgängers
Petrova Doppelgangers
Tatia was born during the 10th century in the area where Mystic Falls was to be formed. She was assumed to be the 2nd Petrova doppelganger. She was a contemporary of the Mikaelson Family around the early 11th century. During the Middle Ages, Tatia had a child with an unknown man; later in time she met both Elijah and Niklaus, both of whom fell for her. Esther, the mother of Elijah and Niklaus, used her in the spell to create the Original Vampires, with her blood as part of the wine laced with blood Mikael had given his children. Her blood was also part of the spell Esther used to bind Klaus' werewolf side, which resulted in Klaus' werewolf gene being dormant.She is the descendent of Amara, the very first immortal woman. Tatia's doppelganger is an unknown lady who was born during the 5th century and her doppelgänger is Katherine Pierce.
Katerina Petrova
Katerina Petrova (Katherine Pierce) was born in Bulgaria on June 5th, 1473. She is assumed to be the 3rd Petrova doppelgänger. In the year 1492, when she was still a human, she was captured by Klaus. She knew that she was going to die, so she tricked Trevor, one of Klaus' servants, into helping her escape. Katherine was clever, cunning and smart; she knew that if she became a vampire, she'd be rendered useless to Klaus. Katherine stabbed herself with a knife but was given vampire blood by Rose in an attempt to heal her stabbing wound and afterwards, Katherine hung herself and came back as a vampire. In return for her escape, Klaus made her suffer by killing her entire family in Bulgaria, thinking that the doppelgänger would never appear again. What Klaus didn't know was that Katherine had a child out of wedlock that was kept secret and this child continued the bloodline of the Petrova family, leading to the birth of Elena Gilbert, the fourth Petrova doppelgänger. Tired from running, Katherine intended to make a deal with Klaus by giving him the ingredients he needed to break the curse in exchange for her freedom. She planned to hand over the moonstone, Elena Gilbert (the fourth Petrova Doppelgänger), Caroline Forbes (a vampire), Tyler Lockwood (a werewolf) and Bonnie Bennett (a witch). When Katherine was about to take out her own doppelganger, Elena shoves the cure, into her mouth.
Elena Gilbert
Elena was born in Mystic Falls, Virginia on June 22nd, 1992. She is assumed to be the 4th Petrova doppelgänger. Elijah was the first one who found out about Elena before Klaus. At first, when Rose told Elijah about this, he didn't believe it. But soon enough he found out that the Petrova family line didn't end with Katherine because she had given birth to a baby girl that was given away by her father, thus continuing the Petrova bloodline. Once Klaus learned of the second Petrova Doppelgänger Elena, he came to Mystic Falls, and he kidnapped Katherine, temporarily taking over the body of Alaric Saltzman. As with Katherine, Klaus is responsible for the death of Elena's family, most notably their aunt Jenna Sommers, Elena and Jeremy's legal guardian. He terned Jenna into a vampire and killed her for the sacrificial ritual. Unlike with Katherine, Klaus successfully killed Elena and as a result, he breaks the curse. Fortunately for Elena, John Gilbert had Bonnie form a special spell that bound Elena's life force or essence to his. This spell brought Elena back to life, but in return, killed John and took his life. In The Departed, Jeremy took Elena to Mystic Falls Hospital after discovering her lying unconscious at home. Meredith Fell discovered Elena was suffering from a serious cerebral hemorrhage and secretly injected her with vampire blood to heal her. This action fortunately saved Elena from death. The same day, Rebekah ran Elena and Matt off Wickery Bridge to save her siblings from Alaric, since his life force was tied to Elena. That way, if she died, so would Alaric. Jeremy arrives home to see Alaric, and he talks to him and Jeremy realizes that he is a ghost, and that if he is dead, that means his sister, Elena, must also be dead. Stefan hurried to Wickery Bridge, intending to save Elena, but she insisted that he save Matt's life instead, who was unresponsive after crashing into the water. By the time Stefan pulled Matt out of the water, Elena had drowned and died. Stefan brought her body back to Mystic Falls Hospital, where she woke up, transitioning into a vampire with Damon's blood in her system.
Salvatore Doppelgangers
Stefan Salvatore
Stefan was born in Mystic Falls, Virginia on November 5th, 1847. Stefan is assumed to be the 4th Salvatore doppelganger. He was turned into a vampire along with his brother Damon in the year 1864 by Amara's descendant, Katherine Pierce. Not much is known about the Salvatore doppelgänger bloodline, Silas' background and Silas' history, but it could be assumed that there were preceding doppelgängers of Silas before Stefan, considering that Silas is 2,000 years older than Stefan. This seems to be true according to Qetsiyah, who tells Stefan that she has seen doppelgangers preceding Stefan while watching from The Other Side. As for how the Salvatore doppelgänger bloodline was created, when Silas made himself truly immortal, nature made shadow selves or doppelgängers of Silas as a version of himself that could die. Silas' doppelgängers and descendants are something that is able to die while Silas is not, thus maintaining the balance of nature.
Doppelgänger Lines
Immortal Beings | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1st century | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amara | Silas | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
5th century | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unknown Doppelgänger | Unknown Doppelgänger | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
10th century | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tatia | Unknown Doppelgänger | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
15th century | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Katerina Petrova | Unknown Doppelgänger | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
19th century | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stefan Salvatore | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
20th century | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elena Gilbert | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
- In some traditions, when a doppelgänger is seen by a person's friends or relatives, the contact prophesies illness or danger, while a person seeing their own doppelgänger is an omen of death.
- In other traditions or legends, a doppelgänger is connected with the person copied; sometimes causing the feelings of injuries between the original and the doppelgänger. For example, if the doppelgänger is injured, the other person will also be hurt or feel pain.
- "Doppelganger" is a German word or term meaning "double walker" or "double goer"―a shadow self that is thought to accompany every person. Traditionally, it is said that only the owner of the doppelganger can see this phantom self and that it can be a harbinger of death. Occasionally, however, a doppelganger can be seen by a person's friends or family, resulting in quite a bit of confusion.
- The word doppelganger is a loanword from German, written there (as any noun) with an initial capital letter Doppelganger, composed from doppel, meaning "double", and ganger, as "walker". In English, the word is conventionally not capitalized, and it is also common to drop the German diacritic umlaut on the letter "a" and write "doppelganger", although the correct spelling without umlaut would be "doppelgaenger".
- The term has, in the vernacular, come to refer to any double or look-alike of a person, most commonly in reference to a so-called evil twin, or to bilocation. Alternatively, the word is used to describe a phenomenon where you catch your own image out of the corner of your eye. In some traditions, seeing one's own doppelganger is an omen of death. A doppelganger seen by friends or relatives of a person may sometimes bring bad luck, or indicate an approaching illness or health problem.
- The doppelgangers of folklore cast no shadow, and have no reflection in a mirror or in water. They are supposed to provide advice to the person they shadow, but this advice can be misleading or malicious. They can also, in rare instances, plant ideas in their victim's mind or appear before friends and relatives, causing confusion. In many cases once someone has viewed his own doppelganger, he is doomed to be haunted by images of his ghostly counter-part.
- Other folklore says that it is considered unlucky to try to communicate with a doppelgänger.
- According to Qetsiyah, the shadows of Silas and Amara are destined to find each other and fall in love, based on her observations throughout the centuries. However, evidently, they are also capable of developing romantic feelings for other people. Examples include:
- Elijah and Katherine
- Elena and Damon
- Despite this, the Universe, Destiny and Fate always finds a way to overcome these obstacles and bring the doppelgängers together again.
- Doppelgängers are humans for most intents and purposes. However, they are a supernatural occurence. The difference between regular humans and doppelgängers is that spells that use a doppelgänger can be broken using another doppelgänger.
- Death by a doppelgänger counts as a supernatural death. A person wearing a Gilbert ring comes back to life if killed by the doppelgänger.
- The Gilbert rings do not protect supernatural creatures and is, thus, theorised not to work on a doppelgänger. It has never been confirmed.
- They can, however, be compelled by vampires like any regular human.
- It seems that the men who spend a lot of time with doppelgängers of Amara can't help but fall in love with her or fall vulnerable to her charms. Back in the 11th century, it was stated that every man in the village fell in love with Tatia, though Elijah and Klaus more than any others. Trevor, Elijah, Damon, Stefan, and Mason fell in love with Katherine, and Noah was obsessed with her. Matt, Stefan, and Damon fell in love with Elena.
- Katherine and Elena both became vampires, though Katherine has been cured and is now human.
- Silas and his doppelganger, Stefan, both have first names beginning with the letter "S".
- Seeing as Amara's doppelgängers follow a pattern in naming, it is reasonable to assume that the other unknown doppelgängers of Silas follow this pattern.
- Only Elijah has met three Petrova women and also developed emotional attachments to them: he was in love with Tatia in the early 11th century; he cared for Katerina in the 15th century and was romantically involved with her in the 21st century; and he has developed a close bond with Elena as a friend and kindred spirit. Klaus also met all three Petrovas, but only fell in love with Tatia, not Elena or Katerina.
- Both the Salvatore brothers and the Mikaelson brothers have had relationships with a Petrova lady: Elijah with Tatia, Katerina, and Elena; Klaus with Tatia; and Damon and Stefan both with Katerina and Elena.
- A person and his or her doppelgänger will look identical in appearance, but the differences stem from their rearing and community standards (such as their expressions, speech, reason, and connections with others).
- According to some myths, doppelgängers tend to undo the lives of each other. Tatia was used to create Originals but her doppelgängers have influenced the deaths of all three deceased Originals.
- Now that Stefan has been revealed to be a doppelganger of Silas, in retrospect, it seems more than just a mere coincidence that Stefan too influenced the deaths of the three originals.
- Stefan intervened when Damon tried to take a shot at Klaus which led to the death of Mikael.
- Stefan took the first shot at Finn and was disarmed immediately by Sage. In his process of recovering the stake, Elena shot Finn with the crossbow.
- Stefan spent an entire evening trying to obtain the dagger from Rebekah which, at the very least kept her at bay, while Elena and Jeremy went about killing Kol.
- On more than one occasion, Katherine has actively harmed her doppelgänger Elena. Silas made his doppelgänger, Stefan, suffer for a whole summer in the safe under a quarry.
- The very danger, of being prematurely undone by his doppelganger, is probably why Silas locked Stefan in the safe and left him to drown repeatedly - he might have wanted to keep Stefan out of the way for as long as he remains immortal. As it turns out, Stefan's release from the safe allowed Qetsiyah to neutralise Silas' mental powers.
- The term "Petrova Doppelganger" comes from the last name of Katherine Petrova, the third doppelgänger of Amara, formerly known as Katerina Petrova.
- The term "Salvatore Doppelganger" comes from the last name of Giuseppe Salvatore, a very distant descendant of Silas.
- Qetsiyah has said that the Salvatore and Petrova doppelgangers have been finding each other and falling in love century after century. This could possibly imply that before the 10th century, when Tatia, the second Petrova doppelganger, was used by Esther to make the Mikaelson family vampires and was also used to suppress Klaus' werewolf side, there were possible Salvatore and Petrova doppelgangers who were born every 100 years or every century, since Qetsiyah said that they fall in love century after century, not every 500 years.
- It is uncertain whether or not the doppelgangers of Silas are born every 500 years like the last three doppelgangers of Amara have.
- It is possible that the Petrova and Salvatore doppelgangers are finding each other and falling in love on The Other Side. Doppelgangers are known to be supernatural beings and hence, would go to The Other Side when they die. This could possibly be what Qetsiyah meant when she said she has watched versions of Silas and Amara find each other and fall in love century after century. She has been watching them find each other and fall in love on The Other Side.
See also


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Almac In Business At Lower Salford Site
The Almac Corporation has moved its Clinical Technologies Division from Lower Makefield, in Bucks County, to its new North American Headquarters, at Fretz and Wambold Roads in Lower Salford. The 240,000-square-foot complex, with two buildings, has been under construction for about two years at a cost of about $78 million. The company will move the rest of its U.S. operations from Lower Providence to Lower Salford over about the next two months. Almac is an Irish company that provides packaging, labeling and other services for the pharmaceutical industry.


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Bloomberg reports that one of the longest running investigations ever conducted (or, perhaps, the longest) by the CFTC (Commodities Futures Trading Commission) should finally come to an end in the months ahead as the probe into manipulation in the silver market is apparently winding down, verdict uncertain.
A four-year probe of potential price manipulation in the silver market may be completed as early as September, according to Bart Chilton, a member of the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
"I am hopeful and expect the silver investigation to conclude in the not-too-distant future, hopefully in September or October," Chilton, a 52-year-old Democrat, said in an e- mail. "It has already taken way too long."
The enforcement division of the Washington-based agency, the main U.S. overseer of derivatives markets, began pursuing allegations of manipulation in the silver market in September 2008. Investigators have analyzed more than 100,000 documents and interviewed dozens of witnesses, the CFTC said in a November 2011 statement.
Chilton, who didn't say whether the probe has uncovered evidence of manipulation, said previously that there had been "repeated attempts" to influence prices.
"There have been fraudulent efforts to persuade and deviously control that price," he said at an October 2010 hearing in Washington. "Any such violation of the law in this regard should be prosecuted."
Though the Dodd-Frank Act has lowered the bar for prosecuting market manipulation, don't be surprised if the result this time around is the same as it was back in 2008 when the group found no evidence of big banks such as JP Morgan exerting an undue influence on the silver price in prior years.
As we've learned recently, just about every other market is manipulated in some way, but not gold and silver.