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Directory of Theology
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Emerging Church
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Emerging Church (Multimedia) (40 links)
Proponents (18 links)
If you believe what you like in the gospel, and reject what you don't like, it is not the gospel you believe, but yourself.
...the emergent church is the latest version of liberalism. The only difference is that old liberalism accommodated modernity and the new liberalism accomodates postmodernity.
Mark Driscoll
Emerging Churches define themselves as those:
1. Who take the life of Jesus as a model way to live
2. Who transform the secular realm
3. As they live highly communal lives.
Because of these three activities, emerging churches
4. Welcome those who are outside
5. Share generously
6. Participate
7. Create
8. Lead without control and
9. Function together in spiritual activities.
Boiling it down to one sentence: Emerging Churches are...communities who practice the way of Jesus within postmodern cultures.
Comment: please notice that all of the above emerging principles are not about what Christ has done for us, but what we do for him. The true gospel is news about what Christ has already done for us as a Savior, rather than instruction and advice about what you are to do for God. The primacy of his accomplishment, not ours, is the essence of our faith. The gospel of Christ above all brings news, rather than instruction.
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Freedom Riders
The story behind a courageous band of civil rights activists - the Freedom Riders - who challenged segregation across the American South in the early 1960s and risked their lives for social change.
Premieres on VPT Monday, May 16, at 9 p.m.
Watch online exclusives from the film.
Vermont's Freedom Riders
Share Your Story
More than 400 Americans risked their lives as Freedom Riders in the Summer of 1961, deliberately violating Jim Crows laws in the Deep South. Did you participate in the Freedom Rides or later actions of the Civil Rights Movement? Is there any issue today for which you would risk your life?freedom riders
By Sheila Ganung United States
Date Submitted: July 4, 2013
I work for an auction house photographing and listing the items up for auction. We often have autograph auctions - in these I see the photos and autographs of every type of person - celebrities and sports heros, presidents and astronauts, famous bands and foreign dignitaries. Workers are aloud to bid on items. The only photo and autograph I ever bid on (and got I am so happy to report) if the famous photo of Jim Zwerg and John Lewis bloodied and with their teeth falling out. It is signed my Mr. Zwerg. I had it laminated and keep it in my wallet. It reminds me that ordinary people can do extraordinary things. It gives me courage to make a difference every day. Many thanks for your brave example of grace and courage.
African-American Studies
By Dy'Shun Winns Baton Rouge La
Date Submitted: May 9, 2013
I like that the Freedom Riders rise their lifes to help other out. Like how they was willing to die for other. Something I would die for is they way blacks are killing blacks. We should look at how we are making our commution look. We all need to stay in school, and go find well payed jobs, and do something with our lives. Other than killing one another.
Freedom Riders
By Leonard Robertson Baton Rouge, LA - Valley Park
Date Submitted: May 9, 2013
I would like to thank my African American studies teacher, Mrs.Chambers for teaching me about the Freedom Rides, and for letting me know how people were willing to die for a cause and for genrations to have a better life. I would risk my life for anyone that does not have their freedom, I would also like to thank the Freedom Riders for the struggle they went through to make better life better for me.
African Americans Studiesq
By Jaykayshia Baton Rouge,LA
Date Submitted: May 8, 2013
No I did not participate in the Freedom Rides or later actions of the Civil Rights Movement, and I dont know anyone who participated in the events. I wouldnt risk my life for any of the issues happening today.
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Classroom Materials
"American Experience" has partnered with Facing History and Ourselves to develop classroom materials for use with the film. Check out the guide, related resources and other helpful digital media resources available from Teacher's Domain.Read More
Visit the Official "Freedom Riders" Site
Use the interactive map to retrace the Freedom Rides, meet the people involved and read about the important and related issues of 1961.Read More

subset: commoncrawl


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Eugenics (/juːˈdʒɛnɪks/; from Greek eu, meaning "good/well", and -genēs, meaning "born") is the belief and practice of improving the genetic quality of the human population.[2][3] It is a social philosophy advocating the improvement of human genetic traits through the promotion of higher reproduction of people with desired traits (positive eugenics), and reduced reproduction of people with less-desired or undesired traits (negative eugenics).[4]
Eugenics, as a modern concept, was originally developed by Francis Galton. It has roots in France, Germany, Great Britain and the United States in the 1860s-1870s.[5] Galton had read his cousin Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, which sought to explain the development of plant and animal species, and desired to apply it to humans. Galton believed that desirable traits were hereditary based on biographical studies.[6] In 1883, one year after Darwin's death, Galton gave his research a name: "eugenics".[7] Throughout its recent history, eugenics remains a controversial concept.[8] As a social movement, eugenics reached its greatest popularity in the early decades of the 20th century. At this point in time, eugenics was practiced around the world and was promoted by governments, and influential individuals and institutions. Many countries enacted[9] various eugenics policies and programmes, including: genetic screening, birth control, promoting differential birth rates, marriage restrictions, segregation (both racial segregation and segregation of the mentally ill from the rest of the population), compulsory sterilization, forced abortions or forced pregnancies, and genocide. Most of these policies were later regarded as coercive or restrictive, and now few jurisdictions implement policies that are explicitly labelled as eugenic or unequivocally eugenic in substance.
The methods of implementing eugenics varied by country; however, some of the early 20th century methods involved identifying and classifying individuals and their families, including the poor, mentally ill, blind, deaf, developmentally disabled, promiscuous women, homosexuals, and racial groups (such as the Roma and Jews in Nazi Germany) as "degenerate" or "unfit", the segregation or institutionalization of such individuals and groups, their sterilization, euthanasia, and their mass murder.[10] The practice of euthanasia was carried out on hospital patients in the Aktion T4 centers such as Hartheim Castle.
Eugenics became an academic discipline at many colleges and universities, and received funding from many sources.[11] Three International Eugenics Conferences presented a global venue for eugenicists with meetings in 1912 in London, and in 1921 and 1932 in New York. Eugenic policies were first implemented in the early 1900s in the United States.[12] Later, in the 1920s and 30s, the eugenic policy of sterilizing certain mental patients was implemented in other countries, including Belgium,[13] Brazil,[14] Canada,[15] and Sweden.[16] The scientific reputation of eugenics started to decline in the 1930s, a time when Ernst Rüdin used eugenics as a justification for the racial policies of Nazi Germany. Nevertheless, in Sweden the eugenics program continued until 1975.[16]
In addition to being practiced in a number of countries, eugenics was internationally organized through the International Federation of Eugenic Organizations.[17] Its scientific aspects were carried on through research bodies such as the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics,[18] the Cold Spring Harbour Carnegie Institution for Experimental Evolution, [19] and the Eugenics Record Office.[20] Its political aspects involved advocating laws allowing the pursuit of eugenic objectives, such as sterilization laws.[21] Its moral aspects included rejection of the doctrine that all human beings are born equal, and redefining morality purely in terms of genetic fitness.[22] Its racist elements included pursuit of a pure "Nordic race" or "Aryan" genetic pool and the eventual elimination of "less fit" races.[23][24]
By the end of World War II, eugenics by means of coerced sexual sterilization had been largely abandoned, having become associated with Nazi Germany;[10][25] their approach to genetics and eugenics was focused on Eugen Fischer's concept of phenogenetics[26] and the Nazi twin study methods of Fischer and Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer. Both the public and some of the scientific community have associated eugenics with Nazi abuses, such as enforced "racial hygiene", human experimentation, and the extermination of "undesired" population groups.[citation needed] However, developments in genetic, genomic, and reproductive technologies at the end of the 20th century are raising for some people numerous new questions regarding the ethical status of eugenics, effectively creating a resurgence of interest in the subject.
Today, eugenics is regarded by some as a brutal movement which inflicted human rights violations on millions.[27] Some practices engaged in the name of eugenics, such as attacks on reputation and violations of privacy, reproductive rights, the right to life, the right to found a family, and the right to freedom from discrimination, are today classified as violations of human rights.
The practice of negative racial aspects of eugenics, after World War II, fell within the definition of the new international crime of genocide, set out in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.[28]
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union also proclaims "the prohibition of eugenic practices, in particular those aiming at selection of persons".[29]
The sequencing and mapping of the human genome and its medical implications has caused some, such as UC Berkeley sociologist Troy Duster, to claim that modern genetics is a back door to eugenics.[30] This view is shared by White House Assistant Director for Forensic Sciences, Tania Simoncelli, who claimed in a 2003 publication by the Population and Development Program at Hampshire College, that advances in preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) are moving society to a "new era of eugenics", and unlike the Nazi eugenics, modern eugenics is consumer driven and market based, "where children are increasingly regarded as made-to-order consumer products."[31] In a 2006 newspaper article, Richard Dawkins said that discussion was inhibited by the shadow of Nazi misuse, to the extent that some scientists would not admit that breeding humans for abilities was at all possible, but in his view this was not physically different from breeding domestic animals for traits such as speed or herding skill. He felt that enough time had elapsed to at least ask just what the ethical differences were between breeding for ability versus training athletes or forcing children to take music lessons, though he could think of persuasive reasons to draw the distinction.[32] Some such as Nathaniel C. Comfort from Johns Hopkins University, claim that the change from state led reproductive-genetic decision-making to individual choice has moderated the worst abuses of eugenics by transferring the decision-making from the state to the patient and their family.[33] Dr. Comfort suggest that "[t]he eugenic impulse drives us to eliminate disease, live longer and healthier, with greater intelligence, and a better adjustment to the conditions of society; and the health benefits, the intellectual thrill and the profits of genetic biomedicine are too great for us to do otherwise." [34] Others, such as bio-ethicist Stephen Wilkinson of Keele University and Honorary Research Fellow Eve Garrard at the University of Manchester, claim that some aspects of modern genetics can be classified as eugenics, but this classification does not inherently make modern genetics immoral. In a co-authored publication by Keele University, they stated that "[e]ugenics doesn't seem always to be immoral, and so the fact that PGD, and other forms of selective reproduction, might sometimes technically be eugenic, isn't sufficient to show that they're wrong." [35]
Meanings and types[edit]
The modern field and term were first formulated by Francis Galton in 1883,[36] drawing on the recent work of his half-cousin Charles Darwin.[37][38] Galton published his observations and conclusions in his book, Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development.
The origins of the concept began with certain interpretations of Mendelian inheritance, and the theories of August Weismann.[39] The word eugenics is derived from the Greek word eu ("good" or "well") and the suffix -genēs ("born"), and was coined by Galton in 1883 to replace the word "stirpiculture", which he had used previously but which had come to be mocked due to its perceived sexual overtones.[40] Galton defined eugenics as "the study of all agencies under human control which can improve or impair the racial quality of future generations".[41]
Eugenics has, from the very beginning, meant many different things. Historically, the term has referred to everything from prenatal care for mothers to forced sterilization and euthanasia. To population geneticists, the term has included the avoidance of inbreeding without altering allele frequencies; for example, J. B. S. Haldane wrote that "the motor bus, by breaking up inbred village communities, was a powerful eugenic agent".[42] Debate as to what exactly counts as eugenics has continued to the present day.[43] Some types of eugenics deal only with perceived beneficial or detrimental genetic traits. These types sometimes called "pseudo-eugenics" by proponents of strict eugenics.
The term eugenics is often used to refer to movements and social policies influential during the early 20th century. In a historical and broader sense, eugenics can also be a study of "improving human genetic qualities". It is sometimes broadly applied to describe any human action whose goal is to improve the gene pool. Some forms of infanticide in ancient societies, present-day reprogenetics, preemptive abortions and designer babies have been (sometimes controversially) referred to as eugenic. Because of its normative goals and historical association with scientific racism, as well as the development of the science of genetics, the western scientific community has mostly disassociated itself from the term "eugenics", although one can find advocates of what is now known as liberal eugenics. Despite its ongoing criticism in the United States, several regions globally practice different forms of eugenics.
Eugenicists advocate specific policies that (if successful) they believe will lead to a perceived improvement of the human gene pool. Since defining what improvements are desired or beneficial is perceived by many as a cultural choice rather than a matter that can be determined objectively (e.g. by empirical, scientific inquiry), eugenics has often been deemed a pseudoscience.[44] The most disputed aspect of eugenics has been the definition of "improvement" of the human gene pool, such as what is a beneficial characteristic and what is a defect. This aspect of eugenics has historically been tainted with scientific racism.
Early eugenicists were mostly concerned with perceived intelligence factors that often correlated strongly with social class. Some of these early eugenicists include Karl Pearson and Walter Weldon, who worked on this at the University College, London.[6] Many eugenicists took inspiration from the selective breeding of animals (where purebreds are often striven for) as their analogy for improving human society. The mixing of races (or miscegenation) was usually considered as something to be avoided in the name of racial purity. At the time this concept appeared to have some scientific support, and it remained a contentious issue until the advanced development of genetics led to a scientific consensus that the division of the human species into unequal races is unjustifiable.[citation needed]
Eugenics also had a place in medicine. In his lecture "Darwinism, Medical Progress and Eugenics", Karl Pearson said that everything concerning eugenics fell into the field of medicine. He basically placed the two words as equivalents. He was supported in part by the fact that Francis Galton, the father of eugenics, also had medical training.[45] Eugenics has also been concerned with the elimination of hereditary diseases such as hemophilia and Huntington's disease. However, there are several problems with labeling certain factors as genetic defects. In many cases there is no scientific consensus on what constitutes a genetic defect. It is often argued that this is more a matter of social or individual choice. What appears to be a genetic defect in one context or environment may not be so in another. This can be the case for genes with a heterozygote advantage, such as sickle-cell disease or Tay-Sachs disease, which in their heterozygote form may offer an advantage against, respectively, malaria and tuberculosis. Although some birth defects are uniformly lethal, disabled persons can succeed in life. Many of the conditions early eugenicists identified as inheritable (pellagra is one such example) are currently considered to be at least partially, if not wholly, attributed to environmental conditions. Similar concerns have been raised when a prenatal diagnosis of a congenital disorder leads to abortion (see also preimplantation genetic diagnosis).
Eugenic policies have been conceptually divided into two categories. Positive eugenics is aimed at encouraging reproduction among the genetically advantaged,for example the reproduction of the intelligent, the healthy, and the successful[46] Possible approaches include financial and political stimuli, targeted demographic analyses, in vitro fertilization, egg transplants, and cloning.[47] Negative eugenics aimed to eliminate, through sterilization or segregation, those deemed physically, mentally, or morally "undesirable".[46] This includes abortions, sterilization, and other methods of family planning.[47] Both positive and negative eugenics can be coercive. Abortion for fit women was illegal in Nazi Germany .[48]
Implementation methods[edit]
There are three main ways by which the methods of eugenics can be applied.[citation needed]:
- Authoritarian eugenics, in which the government mandates a eugenics program.
- Promotional voluntary eugenics, in which eugenics is voluntarily practiced and promoted to the general population, but not officially mandated. This is a form of non-state enforced eugenics, using a liberal or democratic approach, which was mostly seen in the 1900s.[49]
- Private eugenics, which is practiced voluntarily by individuals and groups, but not promoted to the general population.
Research has suggested that in the modern world, the relationship between fertility and intelligence is such that those with higher intelligence have fewer children, one possible reason being more unintended pregnancies for those with lower intelligence. Several researchers have argued that the average genotypic intelligence of the United States and the world are declining which is a dysgenic effect. This has been masked by the Flynn effect for phenotypic intelligence. The Flynn effect may have ended in some developed nations, causing some to argue that phenotypic intelligence will or has started to decline.[50][51][52]
Similarly, Richard Lynn argued that genetic health (due to modern health care) and genetic conscientiousness (criminals have more children than non-criminals) are declining in the modern world. This has caused some, like Lynn, to argue for voluntary eugenics.[53] Richard Lynn and John Harvey suggest that designer babies may have an important eugenic effect in the future. Initially, this may be limited to wealthy couples, who may possibly travel abroad for the procedure if prohibited in their own country, and then gradually spread to increasingly larger groups. Alternatively, authoritarian states may decide to impose measures such as a licensing requirement for having a child, which would only be given to persons of a certain minimum intelligence. The Chinese one-child policy is an example of how fertility can be regulated by authoritarian means.[51]
Doubts on traits triggered by inheritance[edit]
The first major challenge to conventional eugenics based upon genetic inheritance was made in 1915 by Thomas Hunt Morgan, who demonstrated the event of genetic mutation occurring outside of inheritance involving the discovery of the hatching of a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) with white eyes from a family red-eyes.[54] Morgan claimed that this demonstrated that major genetic changes occurred outside of inheritance and that the concept of eugenics based upon genetic inheritance was, to some extent, not completely scientifically accurate.[54] Additionally, Morgan criticized the view that subjective traits, such as intelligence and criminality, were caused by heredity because he believed definitions of these traits varied and accurate work in genetics could only be done when the traits being studied were accurately defined.[55] In spite of Morgan's public rejection of eugenics much of his genetic research was absorbed by eugenicist.[56][57]
Diseases vs. traits[edit]
While the science of genetics has increasingly provided means by which certain characteristics and conditions can be identified and understood, given the complexity of human genetics, culture, and psychology there is at this point no agreed objective means of determining which traits might be ultimately desirable or undesirable. Some diseases such as sickle-cell disease and cystic fibrosis respectively confer immunity to malaria and resistance to cholera when a single copy of the recessive allele is contained within the genotype of the individual. Reducing the instance of sickle-cell disease in Africa where malaria is a common and deadly disease could indeed have extremely negative net consequences. On the other hand, genetic diseases like haemochromatosis can increase susceptibility to illness, cause physical deformities, and other dysfunctions, which provides some incentive for people to re-consider some elements of eugenics.
A common criticism of eugenics is that "it inevitably leads to measures that are unethical".[25] A hypothetical scenario posits that if one racial minority group is perceived on average less intelligent than the racial majority group, then it is more likely that the racial minority group will be submitted to a eugenics program rather than the least intelligent members of the whole population. H. L. Kaye wrote of "the obvious truth that eugenics has been discredited by Hitler's crimes".[58] R. L. Hayman argued "the eugenics movement is an anachronism, its political implications exposed by the Holocaust".[59]
Steven Pinker has stated that it is "a conventional wisdom among left-leaning academics that genes imply genocide". He has responded to this "conventional wisdom" by comparing the history of Marxism, which had the opposite position on genes to that of Nazism:
But the 20th century suffered "two" ideologies that led to genocides. The other one, Marxism, had no use for race, didn't believe in genes and denied that human nature was a meaningful concept. Clearly, it's not an emphasis on genes or evolution that is dangerous. It's the desire to remake humanity by coercive means (eugenics or social engineering) and the belief that humanity advances through a struggle in which superior groups (race or classes) triumph over inferior ones.[60]
Genetic diversity[edit]
Eugenic policies could also lead to loss of genetic diversity, in which case a culturally accepted "improvement" of the gene pool could very likely, as evidenced in numerous instances in isolated island populations (e.g. the Dodo, Raphus cucullatus, of Mauritius) result in extinction due to increased vulnerability to disease, reduced ability to adapt to environmental change and other factors both known and unknown. A long-term species-wide eugenics plan might lead to a scenario similar to this because the elimination of traits deemed undesirable would reduce genetic diversity by definition.[61]
Proponents of eugenics argue that in any one generation any realistic program should make only minor changes in a fraction of the gene pool, giving plenty of time to reverse direction if unintended consequences emerge, reducing the likelihood of the elimination of desirable genes. Such people also argue that any appreciable reduction in diversity is so far in the future that little concern is needed for now.[62] The possible reduction of autism rates through selection against the genetic predisposition to autism is a significant political issue in the autism rights movement, which claims autism is a form of neurodiversity. Many advocates of Down syndrome rights also consider Down syndrome a form of neurodiversity.[citation needed]
Heterozygous recessive traits[edit]
In some instances efforts to eradicate certain single-gene mutations would be nearly impossible. In the event the condition in question was a heterozygous recessive trait, the problem is that by eliminating the visible unwanted trait, there still may be many carriers for the genes without, or with fewer, phenotypic effects due to that gene. With genetic testing it may be possible to detect all of the heterozygous recessive traits. Under normal circumstances it is only possible to eliminate a dominant allele from the gene pool. Recessive traits can be severely reduced, but never eliminated unless the complete genetic makeup of all members of the pool was known, as aforementioned. As only very few undesirable traits, such as Huntington's disease, are dominant, one, from certain perspectives, may argue that the practicality of "eliminating" traits is quite low.[citation needed]
There are examples of eugenic acts that managed to lower the prevalence of recessive diseases, although not influencing the prevalence of heterozygote carriers of those diseases. The elevated prevalence of certain genetically transmitted diseases among the Ashkenazi Jewish population (Tay–Sachs, cystic fibrosis, Canavan's disease, and Gaucher's disease), has been decreased in current populations by the application of genetic screening.[63]
Supporters and critics[edit]
At its peak of popularity, eugenics was supported by a wide variety of prominent people, including Winston Churchill,[64] Margaret Sanger,[65][66] Marie Stopes, H. G. Wells, Norman Haire, Havelock Ellis, Theodore Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, John Maynard Keynes, John Harvey Kellogg, Linus Pauling[67] and Sidney Webb.[68][69][70] Its most infamous proponent and practitioner was, however, Adolf Hitler, who praised and incorporated eugenic ideas in Mein Kampf and emulated Eugenic legislation for the sterilization of "defectives" that had been pioneered in the United States.[71]
The American sociologist Lester Frank Ward,[72] the English writer G. K. Chesterton, and the German-American anthropologist Franz Boas[73] were all early critics of the philosophy of eugenics. Ward's 1913 article "Eugenics, Euthenics, and Eudemics", Chesterton's 1917 book Eugenics and Other Evils and Boas' 1916 article "Eugenics" (in Scientific Monthly magazine) were all harshly critical of the rapidly growing movement.
Among institutions, the Catholic Church was an early opponent of state-enforced eugenics.[74] In his 1930 encyclical Casti Connubii, Pope Pius XI explicitly condemned eugenics laws: "Public magistrates have no direct power over the bodies of their subjects; therefore, where no crime has taken place and there is no cause present for grave punishment, they can never directly harm, or tamper with the integrity of the body, either for the reasons of eugenics or for any other reason."[75]
In popular media[edit]
- Galton and many others claimed that the less intelligent were more likely to procreate than the more intelligent. This is the basis of the movie Idiocracy, in which five hundred years in the future (2505) the dysgenic pressure has resulted in a uniformly stupid human society. The movie borrowed some of its plot from the 1951 science-fiction story The Marching Morons.
- In Star Trek, the Eugenics Wars were a series of conflicts fought on Earth between 1993 and 1996. The wars were the result of a scientific attempt to improve the human race through selective breeding and genetic engineering, and devastated parts of Earth, nearly plunging the planet into a new Dark Age. (TOS: "Space Seed"; ENT: "Borderland")
- In the 1988 movie Twins, a secret experiment was carried out at a genetics laboratory to produce the perfect human, using sperm donated by six different fathers. The experiment resulted in the birth of twins, named Julius and Vincent Benedict. While successful, the genetics program was considered a failure and shut down because one of the twins inherited the "desirable traits", while the other inherited the "genetic trash". The mother was told that her child died at birth, and the twins were raised separately from each other.
- In the dystopian movie Gattaca, the application of artificial selection is misused by employers, insurance companies, and even schools to screen out "in-valids". The protagonist, an "in-valid", attempts to reach his dream of being an astronaut.
- In Frank Herbert's "Dune," the Bene Gesserit breeding program (designed to produce a messiah) is eugenics on a massive scale, calculating the exact genetic pairings needed to produce a messiah over many generations. This was done without artificial insemination and, in some cases, without the knowledge of the participants.
See also[edit]
- ^ Currell, Susan; Christina Cogdell (2006). Popular Eugenics: National Efficiency and American Mass Culture in The 1930s. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press. p. 203. ISBN 0-8214-1691-X.
- ^ "Eugenics". Unified Medical Language System (Psychological Index Terms). National Library of Medicine. 26 September 2010.
- ^ Galton, Francis (July 1904). "Eugenics: Its Definition, Scope, and Aims". The American Journal of Sociology X (1): 82, 1st paragraph. Bibcode:1904Natur..70...82. doi:10.1038/070082a0. Archived from the original on 2007-11-17. Retrieved 2010-12-27. "Eugenics is the science which deals with all influences that improve the inborn qualities of a race; also with those that develop them to the utmost advantage."
- ^ The exact definition of eugenics has been a matter of debate since the term was coined. In the definition of it as a "social philosophy" — that is, a philosophy with implications for social order — is not meant to be definitive, and is taken from Osborn, Frederick (June 1937). "Development of a Eugenic Philosophy". American Sociological Review 2 (3): 389–397. doi:10.2307/2084871.
- ^ Hawkins, Mike (1997). Social Darwinism in European and American Thought. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 62, 292. ISBN 052157434X.
- ^ a b "Eugenics: Immigration and Asylum from 1990 to Present". Retrieved 2013-09-23.
- ^ Watson, James D.; Berry, Andrew (2009). DNA: The Secret of Life. Knopf.
- ^ Blom 2008, p. 336.
- ^ Ridley, Matt (1999). Genome: The Autobiography of a Species in 23 Chapters. New York: HarperCollins. pp. 290–1. ISBN 978-0-06-089408-5.
- ^ a b Black 2003.
- ^ Allen, Garland E. (2004). "Was Nazi eugenics created in the US?". EMBO Reports 5 (5): 451–2. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400158.
- ^ Barrett, Deborah; Kurzman, Charles (October 2004). "Globalizing Social Movement Theory: The Case of Eugenics". Theory and Society 33 (5): 505. doi:10.2307/4144884.
- ^ "The National Office of Eugenics in Belgium". Science 57 (1463): 46. 12 January 1923. Bibcode:1923Sci....57R..46.. doi:10.1126/science.57.1463.46.
- ^ dos Santos, S. A. (1 January 2002). "Historical Roots of the "Whitening" of Brazil". Latin American Perspectives 29 (1): 81. doi:10.1177/0094582X0202900104.
- ^ McLaren, Angus (1990). Our Own Master Race: Eugenics in Canada, 1885–1945. Toronto: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780771055447.
- ^ a b James, Steve. "Social Democrats implemented measures to forcibly sterilise 62,000 people". World Socialist Web Site. International Committee of of the Fourth International.
- ^ Black 2003, p. 240.
- ^ Black 2003, p. 286.
- ^ Black 2003, p. 40.
- ^ Black 2003, p. 45.
- ^ Black 2003, Chapter 6: The United States of Sterilization.
- ^ Black 2003, p. 237.
- ^ Black 2003, Chapter 5: Legitimizing Raceology.
- ^ Black 2003, Chapter 9: Mongrelization.
- ^ a b Lynn, Richard (2001). Eugenics: a reassessment. New York: Praeger. p. 18. ISBN 0-275-95822-1. "By the middle decades of the twentieth century, eugenics had become widely accepted throughout the whole of the economically developed world, with the exception of the Soviet Union."
- ^ Schmuhl, Hans-Walter (2003). "The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics, 1927–1945". Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (Göttengen: Wallstein Verlag) 259: 245.
- ^ See, for example, Weigmann K (October 2001). "In the name of science. The role of biologists in Nazi atrocities: lessons for today's scientists". EMBO Reports (European Molecular Biology Organization) 2 (10): 871–5. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kve217. PMC 1084095. PMID 11600445. "It was scientists who interpreted racial differences as the justification to murder ... It is the responsibility of today's scientists to prevent this from happening again."
- ^ Article 2 of the Convention defines genocide as any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such as:
- Killing members of the group;
- Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;
- Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;
- Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;
- Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.
- ^ Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union: Article 3, Section 2.
- ^ Epstein, Charles J (1 November 2003). "Is modern genetics the new eugenics?". Genetics in Medicine 5 (6): 469–475. doi:10.1097/01.GIM.0000093978.77435.17.
- ^ Tania Simoncelli, 'Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis and Selection: from disease prevention to customised conception', Different Takes, No.24 (Spring 2003). http://genetics.live.radicaldesigns.org/downloads/200303_difftakes_simoncelli.pdf Retrieved on Sept. 18, 2013.
- ^ From the Afterward, by Richard Dawkins, The Herald, (2006). http://www.heraldscotland.com/from-the-afterword-1.836155 Retrieved on Oct 17, 2013
- ^ Comfort, Nathaniel (12 November 2012). "The Eugenics Impulse". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
- ^ Comfort, Nathaniel. The Science of Human Perfection: How Genes Became the Heart of American Medicine. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300169911.
- ^ Eugenics and the Ethics of Selective Reproduction, Stephen and Eve Garrard, published by Keele University 2013. http://www.keele.ac.uk/media/keeleuniversity/ri/risocsci/eugenics2013/Eugenics%20and%20the%20ethics%20of%20selective%20reproduction%20Low%20Res.pdf Retrieved on Sept. 18, 2013
- ^ Galton, Francis (1883). Inquiries into Human Faculty and its Development. London: Macmillan Publishers. p. 199.
- ^ "Correspondence between Francis Galton and Charles Darwin". Galton.org. Retrieved 2011-11-28.
- ^ "The correspondence of Charles Darwin, volume 17: 1869". Darwin Correspondence Project. University of Cambridge. Retrieved 2011-11-28.
- ^ Blom 2008, pp. 335–336.
- ^ Lester Frank Ward; Emily Palmer Cape; Sarah Emma Simons (1918). "Eugenics, Euthenics and Eudemics". Glimpses of the cosmos. G. P. Putnam's sons. pp. 382–. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
- ^ Cited in Black 2003, p. 18
- ^ Haldane, J. (1940). "Lysenko and Genetics". Science and Society 4 (4).
- ^ A discussion of the shifting meanings of the term can be found in Paul, Diane (1995). Controlling human heredity: 1865 to the present. New Jersey: Humanities Press. ISBN 1-57392-343-5.
- ^ Black, Edwin (2004). War Against the Weak. Thunder's Mouth Press. p. 370. ISBN isbn=978-1-56858-321-1.
- ^ Salgirli, Sanem (July 2011). "Eugenics for the Doctors: Medicine and Social Control in 1930s Turkey". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 66: 281–312. PMID 20562206.
- ^ a b http://journals1.scholarsportal.info.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/tmp/15510468026065759357.pdf%7Cdate=September 2013
- ^ a b Glad, John (2008). Future Human Evolution: Eugenics in the Twenty-First Century. Hermitage Publishers. ISBN 1-55779-154-6.
- ^ Pine, Lisa (1997). Nazi Family Policy, 1933–1945. Berg. pp. 19–. ISBN 978-1-85973-907-5. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
- ^ Rose, Nikolas (2007). The Politics of Life Itself: Biomedicine, Power, and Subjectivity in the Twenty-First Century. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 372. ISBN 0-691-12191-5.
- ^ Meisenberg, G. (2009). "Wealth, Intelligence, Politics and Global Fertility Differentials". Journal of Biosocial Science 41 (4): 519–535. doi:10.1017/S0021932009003344. PMID 19323856.
- ^ a b Lynn, R.; Harvey, J. (2008). "The decline of the world's IQ". Intelligence 36 (2): 112. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.03.004.
- ^ Van Court, Marian (1983). "Unwanted Births And Dysgenic Reproduction In The United States". Eugenics Bulletin.
- ^ Lynn, Richard (1996). Dysgenics: genetic deterioration in modern populations. Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-94917-4.
- ^ a b Blom 2008, pp. 336–7.
- ^ Flaws in Eugenics Research, by Garland E. Allen, Washington University. http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/html/eugenics/essay5text.html retrieved on Oct. 03, 2013.
- ^ Scientific Origins of Eugenics, Elof Carlson, State University of New York at Stony Brook. http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/html/eugenics/essay2text.html Retrieved on Oct. 03, 2013.
- ^ Retrospectives, Eugenics and Economics in the Progressive Era, Journal of Economic Perspectives (2005). http://www.princeton.edu/~tleonard/papers/retrospectives.pdf Retrieved on Oct. 03, 2013
- ^ Kaye, H. L. (1987). The social meaning of modern biology. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. p. 46.
- ^ Hayman, Robert L. (1990). "Presumptions of justice: Law, politics, and the mentally retarded parent". Harvard Law Review 103 (6): 1209. doi:10.2307/1341412.
- ^ Sailer, Steve. "United Press International: Q&A: Steven Pinker of 'Blank Slate". Retrieved 2006-08-26.
- ^ (Galton 2001, 48)[full citation needed]
- ^ Miller, Edward M. (1997). "Eugenics: Economics for the Long Run". Research in Biopolitics 5: 391–416.
- ^ "Fatal Gift: Jewish Intelligence and Western Civilization". Archived from the original on 13 August 2009.
- ^ "Winston Churchill and Eugenics". The Churchill Centre and Museum. 2009-05-31. Retrieved 2011-11-28.
- ^ Margaret Sanger, quoted in Katz, Esther; Engelman, Peter (2002). The Selected Papers of Margaret Sanger. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press. p. 319. ISBN 978-0-252-02737-6. "Our...campaign for Birth Control is not merely of eugenic value, but is practically identical in ideal with the final aims of Eugenics"
- ^ Franks, Angela (2005). Margaret Sanger's eugenic legacy. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-7864-2011-7. "...her commitment to eugenics was constant...until her death"
- ^ Mendelsohn, Everett (March–April 2000). "The Eugenic Temptation". Harvard Magazine.
- ^ Gordon, Linda (2002). The Moral Property of Women: A History of Birth Control Politics in America. University of Illinois Press. p. 196. ISBN 0-252-02764-7.
- ^ Keynes, John Maynard (1946). "Opening remarks: The Galton Lecture". The Eugenics Review 38 (1): 39–40.
- ^ Okuefuna, David. "Racism: a history". BBC. Archived from the original on 14 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-12.
- ^ Black 2003, pp. 274–295.
- ^ Ferrante, Joan (1 January 2010). Sociology: A Global Perspective. Cengage Learning. pp. 259–. ISBN 978-0-8400-3204-1.
- ^ Turda, Marius (2010). "Race, Science and Eugenics in the Twentieth Century". In Bashford, Alison; Levine, Philippa. The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics. Oxford University Press. pp. 72–73. ISBN 0199888299.
- ^ "Criticism of Eugenics". Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement. Dolan DNA Learning Center and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
- ^ Pope Pius XI. "CASTI CONNUBII".
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eugenics. |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Eugenics |
Wikisource has several original texts related to: Eugenics |
- Black, Edwin (2003). War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race. Four Walls Eight Windows. ISBN 1-56858-258-7.
- Larson, Edward J. (2004). Evolution. Modern Library. ISBN 0-679-64288-9.
- Histories of eugenics (academic accounts)
- Carlson, Elof Axel (2001). The Unfit: A History of a Bad Idea. Cold Spring Harbor NY: Cold Spring Harbor Press. ISBN 0-87969-587-0.
- Engs, Ruth C. (2005). The Eugenics Movement: An Encyclopedia. Westport CT: Greenwood Publishing. ISBN 0-313-32791-2.
- Farrall, Lyndsay (1985). The origins and growth of the English eugenics movement, 1865-1925. Garland Pub. ISBN 978-0-8240-5810-4.
- Kevles, Daniel J. (1985). In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-05763-0.
- Largent, Mark (2008). Breeding Contempt: The History of Coerced Sterilization in the United States. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-4183-9.
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (2004). "Deadly medicine: creating the master race".
- Wyndham, Diana (2003). Eugenics in Australia : striving for national fitness. London: Galton Institute. ISBN 978-0-9504066-7-1.
- Histories of hereditarian thought
- Barkan, Elazar (1992). The retreat of scientific racism: changing concepts of race in Britain and the United States between the world wars. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Ewen, Elizabeth; Ewen, Stuart (2006). Typecasting: On the Arts and Sciences of Human Inequality (1st ed.). New York: Seven Stories Press. ISBN 9781583227350.
- Gould, Stephen Jay (1981). The mismeasure of man. New York: Norton. ISBN 0-393-01489-4.
- Criticisms of eugenics
- Blom, Philipp (2008). The Vertigo Years: Change and Culture in the West, 1900–1914. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. pp. 335–6. ISBN 978-0-7710-1630-1.
- D'Souza, Dinesh (1995). The End of Racism: Principles for a Multicultural Society. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-02-908102-5.
- Galton, David (2002). Eugenics: The Future of Human Life in the 21st Century. London: Abacus. ISBN 0-349-11377-7.
- Goldberg, Jonah (2007). Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left, from Mussolini to the Politics of Meaning (1st ed.). New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-51184-1.
- Joseph, Jay (2004). The Gene Illusion: Genetic Research in Psychiatry and Psychology Under the Microscope. New York: Algora. ISBN 978-0875863436. Archived from the original on 12 May 2009.
- Joseph, Jay (June 2005). "The 1942 "euthanasia" debate in the American Journal of Psychiatry". History of Psychiatry 16 (62 Pt 2): 171–9. PMID 16013119.
- Joseph, Jay (2006). The Missing Gene: Psychiatry, Heredity, and the Fruitless Search for Genes. New York: Algora. ISBN 978-0875864105. Archived from the original on 17 April 2009.
- Kerr, Anne; Shakespeare, Tom (2002). Genetic Politics: from Eugenics to Genome. Cheltenham: New Clarion. ISBN 978-1873797259.
- Maranto, Gina (1996). Quest for perfection: the drive to breed better human beings. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-684-80029-2.
- Ordover, Nancy (2003). American Eugenics: Race, Queer Anatomy, and the Science of Nationalism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-3559-5.
- Shakespeare, Tom (1995). "Back to the Future? New Genetics and Disabled People". Critical Social Policy 46 (44–45): 22–35. doi:10.1177/026101839501504402.
- Smith, Andrea (2005). Conquest : sexual violence and American Indian genocide. Cambridge, Massachusetts: South End Press. ISBN 978-0896087439.
- Wahlsten, D. (1997). "Leilani Muir versus the Philosopher King: eugenics on trial in Alberta". Genetica 99 (2–3): 185–198. doi:10.1007/BF02259522. PMID 9463073.


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Posts Tagged 'Smoking how to quit'
Smoking How To Quit – The dangers of using Zyban
Zyban – Discover how using this harmful drug to quit smoking, can be potentially life threatening!
Before I discovered how to quit smoking, I was considering a medicated approach to quitting smoking. I came across Zyban (or bupropion SR) – yet another drug riddled with side-effects. The known side-effects of the use of Zyban are not only potentially dangerous, but could end up killing you.
I am amazed at the amount of medications being sold such as Zyban, Nicorette and Champix which are used to try to quit smoking. They have so many reported side-effects – some of which can be life-threatening, and yet somehow drugs like Zyban are approved by the F.D.A.
Zyban for example, (like most medications pre-approved by the F.D.A.) have been split-tested for a designated period of time between a control group and a medicated group, and then their side-effects are monitored and documented. After doing some research, I came across a list of these potential side-effects of using Zyban to quit smoking. Some of the most common Zyban side-effects are listed below:
- An irritated or runny nose (up to 12%)
- Dry mouth (up to 11%)
- Dizziness (up to 10%)
- Nausea (up to 9%)
- Trouble concentrating (up to 9%)
- Constipation (up to 8%)
- Joint pain (up to 5%)
- Muscle pain (up to 4%)
- Diarrhoea (up to 4%)
- Nervousness (up to 4%)
- Insomnia (up to 40% of patients) (!)
Some people, who have a busy life-style have difficulty sleeping. If you are trying to quit smoking and are a restless sleeper, I suggest alternatives to Zyban to stop smoking cigarettes.
People have also reported allergic reactions to Zyban included the following:
- Unexplained rash
- Hives
- Itching
- Unexplained swelling
- Wheezing
- Difficulty breathing or swallowing.
But alarmingly, there are more potentially dangerous side-effects associated with Zyban that have been disclosed. I nearly tried using Zyban (based on a local shop assistant's suggestion) a little over a year ago. I'm sure you can imagine my horror when I read the following list of more severe side-effects, and my thankfulness that I did not use Zyban to kick the habit.
- Seizures
- Suicidal thoughts or behavior
- Anxiety, agitation, or panic attacks
- Hostility or aggressiveness
- Engaging in unusual or dangerous activities
- A rapid heart rate
- Chest palpitations
- Restlessness
- Hallucinations
I feel dreadful for the people that take these types of drugs without knowing this information. Like cigarette packages, I think these drugs should have manditory health warnings printed in bold – just to be fair.
But to my amazement Zyban is gived to patients not only to try and quit smoking, but also in the treatment of depression. It is beyond me how Zyban makes for a viable means to treat depression, when a statistically large number of people have experienced:
- Extreme elation or feelings of happiness that may switch back and forth with a depressed or sad mood.
- Suicidal thoughts or behavior
- Anxiety, agitation, or panic attacks
I'm no doctor, but surely treatment of depression with drugs that can promote very negative emotions is counter-productive. There must be better ways to treat depression, and there certainly are better ways to quit smoking without drugs like Zyban.
For more information on the warnings of quitting cigarette smoking using Zyban and Champix and their potentially harmful side-effects please watch the following video:
Zyban was actually removed from the market entirely in the 1980s due to the high number of seizures reported with people taking the medication. It was then later re-introduced to the public at a later date, after finding that Zyban a.k.a. Bupropion – related seizures usually only happened as a result of higher dosages. This is still alarming.
I don't know about you, but after researching Zyban and finding the harmfully side-effects of Zyban, it doesn't sound like a sensible way of trying to quit smoking. The reason why you want to quit smoking is to preserve your life and health, right? Zyban sounds like it could potentially do the opposite!
Please advise anyone you know who is considering using Zyban or any similar medications, to read this information. It may just save them from a terrible experience and even save their life.
In my next coming article, I will explain how I quit smoking without drugs and have never looked back. Don't forget to bookmark smokinghowtoquit.net, so you can find my site again.
Take care.
(Help your family and friends quit smoking safely by helping them to be informed. Share this article on your social media by using the buttons below).


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W. Somerset Maugham: Of Human Bondage19. CHAPTER XIXAt first Philip had been too grateful for Rose's friendship to make any demands on him. He took things as they came and enjoyed life. But presently he began to resent Rose's universal amiability; he wanted a more exclusive attachment, and he claimed as a right what before he had accepted as a favour. He watched jealously Rose's companionship with others; and though he knew it was unreasonable could not help sometimes saying bitter things to him. If Rose spent an hour playing the fool in another study, Philip would receive him when he returned to his own with a sullen frown. He would sulk for a day, and he suffered more because Rose either did not notice his ill-humour or deliberately ignored it. Not seldom Philip, knowing all the time how stupid he was, would force a quarrel, and they would not speak to one another for a couple of days. But Philip could not bear to be angry with him long, and even when convinced that he was in the right, would apologise humbly. Then for a week they would be as great friends as ever. But the best was over, and Philip could see that Rose often walked with him merely from old habit or from fear of his anger; they had not so much to say to one another as at first, and Rose was often bored. Philip felt that his lameness began to irritate him. Towards the end of the term two or three boys caught scarlet fever, and there was much talk of sending them all home in order to escape an epidemic; but the sufferers were isolated, and since no more were attacked it was supposed that the outbreak was stopped. One of the stricken was Philip. He remained in hospital through the Easter holidays, and at the beginning of the summer term was sent home to the vicarage to get a little fresh air. The Vicar, notwithstanding medical assurance that the boy was no longer infectious, received him with suspicion; he thought it very inconsiderate of the doctor to suggest that his nephew's convalescence should be spent by the seaside, and consented to have him in the house only because there was nowhere else he could go. This is page 86 of 798. [Mark this Page] Mark any page to add this title to Your Bookshelf. (0 / 10 books on shelf) Buy a copy of Of Human Bondage at Amazon.com
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Thompson talks fire prevention in Creston
Fire Prevention Week has been around for more than a century. Creston Fire Chief Todd Jackson said the Creston Fire Department has been doing activities during fire prevention week since before he became fire chief 13 years ago.
In 1920, President Woodrow Wilson issued the first National Fire Prevention Day proclamation, and since that time, Fire Prevention Week has been observed on the Sunday through Saturday week in which Oct. 9 falls. This year, fire prevention week is this week, and the National Fire Protection Association's theme is "Have two ways out!"
Fire prevention
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Filed under: CatBitches
As a general rule of thumb I try and avoid them. I know that's not entirely mature of me but they don't really have the best survival rate do they? Not that I've heard of anyway. You may have heard otherwise. It's just… I don't think a lot of people have it in them to be faithful when long distance is introduced into a relationship. After all, loneliness does funny things to people and well… people have needs (if you get what I mean!) Most relationships are hard enough when there isn't much distance between you.
The internet is full of creepy, messed up and quite frankly, repellent people. Online dating is no different, so brace yourself. However, if you're determined to wade through profiles and spend time wondering wtf you said wrong for him not to message back, then take my advice and pay for an account with a reputable site like Match.com. Why do I suggest this? Well because I've tried a variety (both free and paid for) and match.com had the best selection of decent, good looking people who are employed and sane (in fact one of the best relationships I've ever had came through match.com.) However I've also been lucky on free dating sites too.
Filed under: EightBitBitch
So a friend of mine recently accused me of being less of a feminist than he was (the fact that he has a penis means nothing in this context.) The accusation came after we exchanged examples of illustration styles that we liked. His tastes are very different from mine, which lean more towards artists such as, Hyung-Tae-Kim and Masamune Shirow. At the time I didn't think much of it, however it slowly formed in my mind: I consider myself to be a feminist. Not the Germaine Greer "burning bra" type, but a modern 21st century "equality for women" type. However, how can I call myself a modern feminist if I subconsciously enjoy imagery of unrealistic and overly sexualised women?
This is something that (despite being prominent) always catches me off guard. Simply because I never really notice it, well it's either that or I've become completely desensitized to it that I just shrug it off now. Either way, sexism is prevalent in the gaming industry. An industry that sadly is still being dominated by men. However things are changing on the consumer front and have been for a while now. Not only are more women getting into gaming (according to the Metro a reassuring 47% of UK gamers are female but the industry is starting to wake up and notice too.
Filed under: BitchAbroad
Going on holiday is always exciting. Because if you're anything like me, then it normally requires an intense shopping session beforehand which always sees you buying a new bikini or two (as well as some other exciting purchases!) However there are some less exciting (but equally important) things you need to remember to pack, or they'll cost you a fortune to replace when you're away! So what are they and why is it such a pain when you forget them? Well everybody's list if different but below is a list of things that I find crucial to take when going abroad…
When my (now ex) boyfriend Rob suggested a holiday to Morocco (Marrakesh) I was not overly keen on the idea. Mainly because most Moroccan's insist on putting fruit in almost everything they cook and I hate cooked fruit - particularly dry and preserved fruit. So naturally I assumed I was going to starve or end up eating plain couscous or bananas for the entire holiday. However, I eventually realised that I was being a bit dramatic. So I swallowed my apprehension and sat down with him to book it.
Filed under: BitchAndMakeUp
I received this as part of my monthly Glossybox delivery. Prior to that I'd never heard of the brand before and as a result of this, didn't think the product itself would be very good. Presumptuous I know but pleasantly I was proven wrong and it quickly became my favourite product out of that Glossybox.
So I saw a girl on YouTube use this for an acne covering make-up tutorial. I was so impressed by the flawless end result that I decided to try it for myself. The concealer itself comes in a tiny 9 ml bottle, which I know doesn't sound a lot - especially for the price - but it's worth every penny. It's a pump dispenser so I suggest only pumping once every time (onto your hand) before applying with either fingers or a brush. This concealer is thick, the finish is natural matte and the coverage is pretty opaque.
Filed under: LifesABitch
I'm sure you've read but a month ago I was unceremoniously dumped by my boyfriend. Admittedly we weren't together long enough for me to get too cut up about it but it still sucked because I did really like him and he had so much potential. Alas twas not meant to be! So like every good woman, I (eventually) took a deep breath, brushed off the metaphorical ashes of my incinerated emotions and dragged myself out of the pit of ruined relationships.
Break ups - we all go through them at some point in our lives and they vary so much depending on the people and situation. Some are long, drawn-out sad affairs. Others are explosive, dramatic and full of emotion. What they all have in common is one thing: two people who were once a couple - parting ways. Sometimes the separation is permanent, sometimes it's temporary. Either way, the act of separating itself is never fun for either party and whilst I believe that the dumper will always hurt less than the dumpee (unless of course one party was being abused and/or cheated on, in which case that's different.) In my experience both parties will hurt to some degree. For example, when I broke it off with an ex of mine I cried afterwards, even though I was the one who initiated and verbally confirmed the break up. Likewise, when I've been dumped in the past, I was (at the time) a crying, confused mess for days.


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Lisa "Lulu" Salzer spent her childhood playing in her grandmother's estate jewelry store, so it should come as no surprise that her collection is infused with a passion for vintage flair. But what makes Lulu Frost pieces truly unique are the actual antiques incorporated into her pieces. Often one-of-a-kind, her necklaces, bracelets and earrings include everything from old shoe clips and vintage pins to door numbers from New York's Plaza Hotel.
Questions? Contact our Jewelry Stylist > Obsessed? E-mail your friends >
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Burglary on 1800 BLOCK OF S 8TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA |
Burglary - 18XX S 8TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA
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Local news for Philadelphia provided by
Trial delayed in Philly-area double murder (by ABC 27)
A child pornography victim from Pennsylvania is seeking at least $150,000 each from her adoptive father and 13 other jailed men under a law that carries her name.
Girlfriend charged with homicide in Summit Township shooting (by Erie Times News)
Kristina Mae Allen was charged Wednesday with shooting her live-in boyfriend to death at the couple's Summit Township mobile home.
Walt Longmire - and his creator - both read Dante (by Memphis Commercial Appeal)
The fictional Walt Longmire is a lot like Craig Johnson, author of the mystery series about the modern-day sheriff of an obscure Wyoming county.
Police log; robberies, burglaries and crashes - 9/5 (by The Lebanon Daily News)
A car driven by Brandon Hand, 29, of Tower City, was traveling east on Gold Mine Road in Porter Township when Hand fell asleep and the car struck and sheered off a utility pole just west of Clarks Valley Road at 11:57 p.m. Tuesday, state police at Schuylkill Haven said.
Case dropped vs. ex-official in South Jersey school sex scandal (by Asbury Park Press)
Former Triton High School teacher Daniel Michielli, center, and lawyer Leonard Biddison, left, appear in Superior Court on Friday, March 15, 2013, in Camden, N.J. Michielli was sentenced to 30 days of home confinement for an official conduct conviction that stemmed from an inappropriate relationship with a student.


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- Elongated toilet seat with lid - designed to complement a wide variety of elongated toilet designs
- The seamless style of this Saile toilet seat complements contemporary bathroom décor
- Kohler plumbing products mean beautiful form paired equally with reliable function
- Made of solid polypropylene and is resistant to staining, fading, chipping and peeling
- Seat is ergonomically contoured to provide maximum comfort to the user
- Complete with color-matched plastic hinges
Product Technologies / Benefits:
- Quiet Close: This quiet close lid forces a gentle descent guaranteeing that your seat will never slam as you put it down.
- Quick Attach: To get you fast on your way to enjoying your new toilet seat, the Quick-Attach Hardware from Kohler makes for fast and secure installation. Simply set the seat with the screws in pre-drilled installation holes, slip a wing-nut underneath and tighten from the top with a screw driver, it's that easy.
- Quick Release: This simple yet innovative technology from Kohler allows the seat to be unlatched from the toilet for easy removal and convenient cleaning with no tools required. Simply pop open the caps and gently pull the seat forward and you are ready for that detailed cleaning job that has been so difficult in the past.
- Height: 1-5/16" (measured from rim of toilet fixture to the highest point on the seat)
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- Overall Width: 14-3/16" (measured from left most point to the right most point of the seat)
- Inside Length: 11-3/4" (measured from the back to the front of the inner opening of the seat)
- Inside Width: 8" (measured from the left edge to the right edge of the inner opening of the seat)
- Distance Required Between Installation Holes: 5-1/2"
- Toilet Seat Material: Sturdy plastic
- Secure mounting assembly while maintaining ease of installation
Additional Kohler Links
- View Manufacturer Warranty
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Our SKU: Kohler K-4748
This product is listed under the following manufacturer number(s):
- Kohler K-4748-47
Almond - Kohler K-4748-96
Biscuit - Kohler K-4748-7
Black - Kohler K-4748-NY
Dune - Kohler K-4748-0
*Denotes a finish or option that has been discontinued
Product Specifications
Bowl Shape | Elongated |
Collection | Saile |
Country Of Origin | USA |
Made in America | Yes |
Quick Release | Yes |
Soft Close | Yes |
Theme | Modern |
Width (Inside) | 8 |


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Truck Driver - Team Regional. We Train!
C.R. England - Pittsburgh, PA
C.R. England is now hiring Team Truck Drivers for our Regional Division As a Regional Team Truck Driver, you can enjoy the life of a truck driver without having to travel across...
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Wexford Health Sources is looking for a full-time Staffing Consultant to work at our Corporate office located in Pittsburgh, PA. The Ideal candidate must have extensive...
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Philips - Pittsburgh, PA
Be responsible for the design, development, and deployment of medSage products. This includes using agile principles to implement a solution, including tests, and assisting with...
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Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh is the second largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is the county seat of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Built on land between the confluence of the Allegheny, Ohio and Monongahela rivers and the surrounding hills, Pittsburgh features a skyline of 151 skyscrapers, 446 bridges, two inclines and a pre-revolutionary fortification. Residents of the city are called Pittsburghers. The downtown is a compact and walkable area located on the triangular land at the confluence of the rivers. Pittsburgh was fueled by the manufacturing industry until the 1980s when the United States steel industry collapsed. The city's economy is now largely based on healthcare, education, technology and financial services. Robotics, in particular, is a major sector of the local economy. The Wall Street Journal dubbed the city "Roboburgh." Despite a declining population, Pittsburgh remains the principal cultural and economic influence in the eastern Ohio River Valley. Because of its...more
Pittsburgh Economy
The growth of Pittsburgh and its economy was caused by the extensive trade of steel. Since, Pittsburgh has adapted to the collapse of the region's steel industry. The primary industries have shifted more to high technology, such as robotics, health care, nuclear engineering, tourism, biomedical technology, finance, and services. Education is also a major employer, from primary through magnet schools, specialized professional institutes and highly-ranked universities. In fact, Pittsburgh still maintains its status as a corporate headquarters city, with seven Fortune 500 companies calling the city home. This ranks Pittsburgh in a tie for the sixth-most Fortune 500 headquarters in the nation. In 2006, Expansion Magazine ranked Pittsburgh among the top 10 metropolitan areas in the nation for climates favorable to business expansion. Major employers Pittsburgh has grown its industry base in recent years to include technology, retail, finance and medicine. The largest employer in the...more
Pittsburgh Careers
Among the most common occupations in Pittsburgh are Management, professional, and related occupations, 37%; Sales and office occupations, 23%; and Service occupations, 19%. Approximately 73 percent of workers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania work for companies, 12 percent work for the government and 5 percent are self-employed.
Pittsburgh Industries
The leading industries in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania are Educational services, and health care, and social assistance, 30%; Professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services, 11%; and Retail trade, 9%. Simply Hired's Pittsburgh job listings indicate that the following industries in Pittsburgh are hiring the most workers:
Pittsburgh Job Salaries
According to government data, the average salary for jobs in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania is $33,604, and the median income of households in Pittsburgh was $30,278.
According to our Pittsburgh Trends data,
the number of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania jobs has decreased by 10% since December 2012.
Pittsburgh Employment Statistics
Pittsburgh Links
- City of Pittsburgh Government
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- Pittsburgh History & Landmarks Foundation
- Historic Pittsburgh Maps Collection
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- Guide to find your way around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- About Pittsburgh - Guide to Pittsburgh & Western PA
- Bridges of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County
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- German Heritage Sites in Pittsburgh


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On View: Baleen Whale Mask
Masks like this are owned by a particular person who has inherited the rights to make, wear, and perform with it during potlatch ceremonies,...
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Hiroshige's One Hundred Famous Views of Edo
Hiroshige's 118 woodblock landscape and genre scenes of mid-nineteenth-century Tokyo, is one of the greatest achievements of Japanese art.
On View: Cup and Saucer
The elegant form of this tea set is derived from eighteenth-century Rococo prototypes, but the amazing variety of flora and fauna that encru...
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Brooklyn Museum Posse:Exploring the collection
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The ATF said Operation Castaway and Fast and Furious are different. No one has shown that the agency knowingly allowed Crumpler-sold guns out of the country once he was under investigation.
A judge on Oct. 25 ruled that Crumpler's 30-month sentence should remain intact because he admitted guilt.
Meanwhile, in the wake of Fast and Furious, the ATF took executive action and required firearms dealers in the four Mexico-border states to report multiple rifle purchases.
The rule, however, doesn't apply to Florida, where Southern gun culture can blend seamlessly with Latin American cartel middle men like Crumpler's clients.
While selling arms, Crumpler said, he believed he was a "lone ranger" helping arm families, not cartels.
But some of his buyers were pretty shady and bought illegal AR-15-style short barrel rifles that Crumpler converted for them.
At least one was an illegal immigrant. One of his Miami gun-show buyers Jesus Puentes, worked for a Miami-Dade shipping company with strong ties to Venezuela.
Puentes wouldn't talk much to the feds after he was caught, saying he feared people in his native country of Colombia.
"A life is nothing to them," he said.
Puentes wouldn't say if he shipped arms or not, although secretly recorded conversations with Crumpler indicated he did. Both profited.
"It's not about the guns," Puentes told agents. "It's about the money."
Three years later, at the same gun show where Puentes had been busted, that sentiment was as true now as it was then, but for different reasons.
"You can't find ammo right now at Wal-Mart or Outdoor World and it's really expensive online, said Darryl Washington, a Miramar resident shopping Saturday with Hudson.
"This place has the best prices."


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NEW PRICE! restoration in good condition with freshly rebuilt engine. Needs some TLC, but all the hard, expensive work is done. Yes, you're reading the... More
1936 Auburn 810 Coffin Nose Cord, This rust-free car is a 1936 Cord with a Corvette 350 LT1 motor, 1982 Eldorado automatic transmission with... More


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Guidelines aim to present all the relevant evidence on a particular clinical issue in order to help physicians to weigh the benefits and risks of a particular diagnostic or therapeutic procedure. They should be helpful in everyday clinical medical decision-making.
On 9 December, join Cecilia Linde, Ole Breithardt and Michele Brignole for this online course and learn more about cardiac pacing and CRT.
by 7 December
Register for the Free webinar on Medical versus invasive therapy for patients with stable coronary artery disease on 5 December 2013 from 18:00 to 19:00 and participate to the discussion between Gilles Montalescot and Peter Kearney. Register before 3 December
Join Guy De Backer and Robert Fagard online on 31 October 2013 from 18:00 to 19:00 CET for this interactive case-based webinar on "Applying the New ESC Guidelines on Arterial Hypertension Management".
In addition to the Full text of the ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines on Stable Coronary Artery Disease, read more on the addenda.
Access all the scientific resoures here!
Use your ESC account to access free additional ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines' resources!
Creation of an ESC account is free of charge.
NEW ESC Pocket Guidelines mobile app!
Access the ESC Guidelines directly on your phone or tablet and experience the interactive tools.


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How To Care For Your Swimming Pool All Year Round
Take Care Of Your Swimming Pool For The Whole Year!
Owning a swimming pool in your yard is often one of the dreams that many of us. And to be honest there is nothing the same as being able to relax whenever you want next to or more likely in your own swimming pool on any hot summer's day.
And of course swimming pools of any kind can be a really wonderful experience all year round too. But remember though, that you will only be able to use your pool if you keep up with all the regular maintenance that you pool requires.
It's Easy In The Summer…
Obviously if you are using your pool frequently and probably every day in the hotter summer months it is easy to see when the pool has debris or other stuff in it that needs to be cleared out immediately. So at this time of year performing your regular maintenance chores while you're using the pool frequently is quite natural and very easy for you to keep up with.
However, during the other much cooler months of the year in the fall and during the winter when the pool will probably not be used so much, if at all, then it can be very easy for you to fall out of the easy-to-remember summer maintenance habit. Unfortunately this is not good and it could be detrimental to all of you, including your family and of course your favorite swimming pool.


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Threading Letters of Hope and Light
Common threads that keep us all connected and leading to what needs to be completed to keep us feeling the solidarity with our stable links in society. A common thread is important to feel a meaningful relationship for who has come into our life. Needing to stop talking some time to listen to what has to be said without judgment to try to understand what keeps some of us so divided. Without listening and trying to divide what should bring us closer, we will not know why we seem to need to compare complaints and not listen to how we are all connected through the difficulties that we face. Trying to understand each other without tones of disgrace is a good start to keeping up with teachings of compassion.
May 1st, 2012 at 8:43AM
AKS - Round & Round (Official Music Video) (by
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Peaches, the twenty-first century torchbearer of feminist punk, just released a video and track in support of Pussy Riot, the Russian female anarchist art group that has become the symbol of political oppression in Russia under Putin.
Unlike in the case of something like Kony 2012, this video is not a gratuite kind of protest. The whole point of Pussy Riot, and the wider protests in Russia of which it is a part, is the embeddedness in social media, and performing symbolic acts against the regime. That's reflected in this 'Free Pussy Riot' video, which consists of footage sent in by Peaches fans.
Pussy Riot – whatever else it is – is also really an example for those Western hipster, a-political, "ironic" bands and the people who wallow in it (not excluding myself here). Punk, youth culture here once was a form of actual protest against the powers that be. That aspect of youth culture, thanks to the consumerist hipster, is long gone; grunge probably was the last vestige of it.
The three girls of this group, however, are literally risking everything. By staging an act of protest against spy-dictator Putin in an Orthodox cathedral, they have incurred the wrath of the most powerful institutions in the country. Pussy Riot is facing years in a Siberian prison camp – the worst imaginable place you can be in. This must have known this was going to happen, even though it's an outrageous and thoroughly undemocratic and unjudicial sentence.
Throughout their trial, in their statements Pussy Riot have courageously pointed at the creeping dictatorship, the obliteration of the separation between church and state, and the squashing of free speech and right to demonstrate in Russia. They've even done this in an artful way, declaring themselves heirs to 1920s and 1930s absurdist collectives, and standing in a tradition of 'last statements' in show trials like dissidents of the Stalin and Soviet era.
As a political essay, the closing statement by Yekaterina Samutsevich, member of the group, is superb:
Why did Putin feel the need to exploit the Orthodox religion and its aesthetic? After all, he could have employed his own, far more secular tools of power—for example, the state-controlled corporations, or his menacing police system, or his obedient judiciary system. It may be that the harsh, failed policies of Putin's government, the incident with the submarine Kursk, bombings of civilians in broad daylight, and other unpleasant moments in his political career forced him to ponder the fact that it was high time to resign; that otherwise, the citizens of Russia would help him do this. Apparently, it was then that he felt the need for more persuasive, transcendental guarantees of his long tenure at the pinnacle of power. It was then that it became necessary to make use of the aesthetic of the Orthodox religion, which is historically associated with the heyday of Imperial Russia, where power came not from earthly manifestations such as democratic elections and civil society, but from God Himself.
So, what these women have achieved is exposing the coming-into-being of dictatorship in Russia. They've shown that to the world. For that – even though Putin is probably feeling the heat and is already saying that the group shouldn't be treated "too harsly" – they'll probably end up in jail.
The verdict is in two days. Think about them.
You can sign a Free Pussy Riot petition at http://www.change.org/freepussyriot
Here's the track itself:


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Success Story
KEBA AG Outsources IT Operations to Raiffeisen Informatik
The assignment includes all KEBA server systems in Austria as well as connection of eight distribution branches worldwide - 06/29/2009
Vienna, June 29, 2009 - The Upper Austrian automation specialist, KEBA AG, pays particular attention to security and availability issues resulting from the high demands of a production plant. KEBA has therefore passed on the responsibility for the entire IT SAP operations as well as other ERP applications to Raiffeisen Informatik.
Around 80% of the IT department outlays at KEBA originate from operations and maintenance of the existing system environment. "Upcoming investments in computing center premises, infrastructure and server systems would be necessary. We were looking for a long-term and strong outsourcing partner to release IT resources for our core competencies - automation of equipment and robots as well as development of self-service solutions for amongst others banks, post offices and logistics companies" said Franz Höller, management board member responsible for technology at KEBA, explaining the reasons for outsourcing to Raiffeisen Informatik. In the course of a comprehensive evaluation, KEBA was looking for an experienced IT outsourcing partner to take on smooth productive operations who offers 7x24 operations and highest levels of availability. "Our decision to choose Raiffeisen Informatik was not made on purely economic grounds, rather more attributable to their long-standing expertise and the proven security of a powerful computing center" continues Höller.
"KEBA enjoys costs saving effects through the use of shared services. The upcoming investments in IT security and computing center infrastructure will now also be carried out by Raiffeisen Informatik, allowing KEBA to increase their liquidity," emphasizes Mag. Wilfried Pruschak, managing director of Raiffeisen Informatik, and continues "Moreover, our customers benefit from the virtualized infrastructure as well as economies of scale which cannot be achieved by company-internal operations. Highest levels of availability and highest degree of security are for us - the largest Austrian computing center - an intrinsic part of our operations."
Raiffeisen Informatik will take over the entire hardware, and in future will operate around 250 server systems running over 60 applications including CRM, web services, as well as specialist software for KEBA product and solution development. Additionally, four SAP environments handling amongst others controlling, accounting, logistics, open purchase order quantities and stocks will be put into operation. Eight branches in China, Germany, Romania, Czech Republic, Turkey, and the USA are connected to the systems at the KEBA HQ in Linz, Austria which will be also serviced by Raiffeisen Informatik. Around 6.5 terabytes of data across distributed locations will be reliably and securely processed and stored. Data mirroring and backup are carried out fully automatically.
KEBA was founded 1968 and is today an internationally successful electronics business. The company, awarded in 2008 as "the best family enterprise of Upper Austria" stands for technical innovations, competence, and dynamics. The KEBA HQ is in Linz, Austria and the KEBA AG branches are located worldwide. In the last business year (as of Mach 31, 2008) the 785 staff accounted for a turnover of around ?122.9 million. KEBA developed the Austrian HGV toll system terminals for ASFINAG.


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Dimensions: 24"L x 42.5"W x 23"H
Weight: 30 lbs.
The Step2 Play Up Adjustable Sand & Water Table is an all in one sand and water table. It has unique, grow with me legs that raise the unit up an additional 4 inches. The Step2 Play Up Adjustable Sand & Water Table features two separate sides - one for water and one for sand. The Step2 Play Up Adjustable Sand & Water Table includes a 4 piece accessory set. It also has a convenient drain plug for easy clean up. The Step2 Play Up Adjustable Sand & Water Table also has molded in roadways on the lid for additional play. Minimal assembly is required. Carton dimensions are 44 inch width x 9 inch height x 28.25 inch depth weight 32lbs. Set up dimensions are 42.5 inch width x 23 inch height x 24 inch depth weight 27lbs. The Step2 Company, LLC is a family company with toy brands including Step2, Infantino, and Thinkativity that foster learning and development through creative play in children from birth to school-age years. Step2 designs and produces new toys that receive recognition every year for their durability, creative play value, and fun designs. The Step2 Company not only designs and produces innovative toys, it also provides parents and child care professionals access to learn and share information about the importance of creative play.
"R"Web#: 413266
Manufacturer #: 800300
Assembled Dimensions (in inches): 24 x 42.5 x 23
Product Weight:23 pounds
Product Dimensions (in inches):44.0 x 27.0 x 8.0
Shipping Info:
Average Customer Rating:
(based on 124 reviews)
Ratings Distribution
5 Stars
4 Stars
3 Stars
2 Stars
1 Stars
of respondents would recommend this to a friend.
Best Uses
Most Helpful Positive Review
GREAT table
We bought this table on sale and so far it has been a steal. I filled both sides with water and the kids love it. I don't like that the bridge does not snap ...Read complete review
We bought this table on sale and so far it has been a steal. I filled both sides with water and the kids love it. I don't like that the bridge does not snap on. It never stays on the table so I don't even bother with it. The table on the highest setting accomadates my 1,3,and 5 year old nicely. The umbrella is short and with it on my 3 yr old would have to duck to stand inside it. I put my huge beach umbrella on it instead and everyone fits now. My umbrella even slid in the pole that comes with the table! There is plenty of space for everyone to play. I know I will get lots of use out of it this summer. Very happy with this table.
Most Helpful Critical Review
To Small, held attention short time
I was very disappointed with this. After finally getting it together {poor directions}, we filled it with water and sand. It only held a gallon of water and 2 sandbuckets of sand. ...Read complete review
I was very disappointed with this. After finally getting it together {poor directions}, we filled it with water and sand. It only held a gallon of water and 2 sandbuckets of sand. It came with no trucks and couldn't find trucks that would fit on the molded area made for the road. The water side was also small that the boats that came with it were just about what could fit in it. Very disappointed and returned for different brand one for the same price. For the price I would think it would be bigger especially for the age recommended.
Reviewed by 124 customers
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Lots of fun!
By Happy Gmom
from Mickleton, NJ
About Me Education Oriented, Grandparent
Comments about Step2 Play Up Adjustable Sand & Water Table:
Bought two of these tables for my grandchildren. Both children (one girl and one boy) found it entertaining and fun to play with. Love the ability to adjust the legs as they grow. Was a little disappointed with the umbrella which could be bigger of actual sun protection. Overall was very happy with the product and would recommend it to others.
Comment on this review
great quality, semi easy setup
By mister's mom
from Maricopa, az
About Me First Time Parent, Stay At Home Parent
Great for outdoor play. Love the fact it has a lid. Pretty durable and perfect size. Only thing that frustrated me was the holes for screws weren't open so i had to pop open with screwdriver which was not easy. Other than that this is wonderful product if looking for outdoor play.
Entertaining for children
By Papa
from Tyrone, pa
About Me Education Oriented, First Time Parent
We use it outside and the umbrella helps with the sun. I like that it has two separate sections for water and sand.
My nephew loves it!
By Awesome Auntie Vi
from Columbus, Ohio
About Me Aunt, Education Oriented
I set it up during nap time without any problems. My nephew woke up and immediately ran to the table. He mixes the sand and water, but the hole at the bottom makes for easy clean up. It is very stable but he is strong enough to push it over which he has done on one occasion. The umbrella is very distracting to him so we removed it.
Wonderful Outdoor Play Area
By Gram
from Virginia
About Me Grandparent
I have two small grandchildren. They both love the combo sand and water theme and there is plenty of room for two. One of the children is tall for her age so the umbrella could be a couple of inches higher.
Good purchase
By Grandma L
from Washington
Bought for grandson's first birthday, filled both sides with water ( no sand). He seems to like it so far. Assembly instructions were difficult to follow.
sand & water table
By grandmother
from gilberton, pa
he loves it right now we put water on both sides.
Great choice! 2 year old loves it!
By Jacobs Mommy
from Holland, Oh
About Me First Time Parent, Working Parent
I was comparing so many sand and water tables and I couldn't decide for a while, but I am so glad I chose this one! I loved that its adjustable, kinda sold me on that. It was very easy to out together and I'm not horrible at putting things together, usually takes me so long to do the easiest things, but this was easy. It's very very durable, too! I just love it! My son plays with it for hours, my niece who is six does too. Kids just love it! The umbrella is nice too, keeps the sun off my son good. The drain plugs works good, but on the water side it drips just a tad bit. Nothing big. Overall, 5 stars!
(0 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Pieces Missing
By CLC
from Pennsylvania
Received it over a week ago and haven't been able to use it yet because pieces were missing and we had to call Step 2 and tell them. They were very nice and are sending the pieces. It has been a week and we still haven't received them.
Fun in & out of the sun
By Happy grandmas
from Citrus heights
See all my reviews
Easy peazy
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Support of Competitive Research ("SCORE")
The goal of the SCORE PROGRAM is to enhance the professional development of the research faculty and sustain a research environment at CSU which encourages students to point their career goals to leadership positions in biomedical research.
The current Program organizes its activities around seven faculty-led research projects in biology and chemistry. These projects offer CSU students practical laboratory experiences in a wide range of research subjects and serve as on-campus research activities for students who participate in the developmental projects of the MBRS RISE Program.
The following is a listing of the current and recent faculty-led SCORE research projects:
(Click here to read more)
Funding history of the CSU MBRS-SCORE Program
The current SCORE faculty research projects are listed above. Tenured and tenure-track faculty in the biological sciences, chemistry, pharmacy, mathematics, and physics are eligible to submit SCORE research projects for future funding by the NIH. Those interested are invited to consult with Warren Sherman prior to submitting their application
For a full listing of previous faculty-led MBRS-supported research projects, click here.
*Support of Competitive Research ("SCORE") is funded by grants from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Return to the MBRS Index Page.
Page updated 05/16/12


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Fermanagh Womens Network are offering the following to the public:
1) Basic Food Hygiene Certificate Fermanagh Women's Network and the Worker's Education Association are now able to offer this subsidised course over three half day training sessions on 16th February, 23rd February and 2nd March at 2pm in Fermanagh House, Broadmeadow Place, Enniskillen. The course is still available even if you missed the first session. Full details see this attachment or contact Fermanagh Women's Network on 02866 343 814 or [email protected]
2) International Women's Day Festival 2010 Fermanagh Women's Networks' annual celebration will take place on Thursday 11th March 2010 from 10am - 3pm at Cathedral Hall, Halls Lane, Enniskillen Admission is free and everyone is welcome! There will be arts, crafts, live music, dancing, health workshops, therapy rooms, art displays, community sector information and a celebrity opening - plus much more. If you or your group would like to have a stand, exhibit your work, promote your project or publicise your business/organisation then please contact our office on 02866 343 814 (or email [email protected]) to reserve a space
3) Creative Workshop: Women Journeying Together: Connecting with our Creativity 7.30-10pm, Wednesday, Feb 24th, Breesy Centre, Cashelard,Co. Donegal OR 7.30-10pm, Thursday, Feb 25th, Mc Mahons Hotel, Irvinestown, Co.Fermanagh Through 'hands on' experience of a variety of creative methods of working, we will: • Explore issues that effect our everyday lives and learn more about what has formed us as women • Re-connect with women from other groups in Donegal and Fermanagh • Uncover our creative potential • Produce a creative 'piece' of work Contact details: 00353 749740494 / 00353 872355078 [email protected] Click here for further details


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