text:
[Up to 54% Off] Pan-Grilled Sirloin Steak, Roasted Lamb Ribs OR Spring Chicken + Soup + Dessert at 1881 Chong Tian Hotel for 1 (RM32) / 2 (RM60) / 4 (RM112) People. From RM28 per person
- Main course: Pan-grilled sirloin steak, New Zealand roasted lamb ribs, or oven-roasted spring chicken.
- Soup of the day: Mushroom, pumpkin, or potato soup.
- Includes French pastry dessert.
- Majestic Chinese heritage hotel in the heart of Penang's Unesco World Heritage Site.
- Wi-Fi available.
- Redemption period: Aug 21, 2012 – Oct 21, 2012.
- Bookings must be made between Aug 9, 2012 – Oct 19, 2012.
- Min. 2 days prior booking required. Bookings subject to availability.
- Rescheduling must be made at least 1 day prior to original booking or Groupon will be forfeited.
- Valid 11am – 10pm daily (not including eve of public holidays and public holidays).
- May buy and use many.
- Sharing allowed.
- Dine-in only.
- Non-Halal restaurant.
- Service charges and Government tax included.
- Valid at 1881 Chong Tian Hotel: 04-263 1881 (Call 11am – 10pm daily, not including eve of public holidays and public holidays).
- See the rules that apply to all deals.
Culture can be experienced through food, architecture, and conversations with antiques. Today's Groupon responds with a three-course Western meal at 1881 Chong Tian Hotel in Georgetown, Penang. Choose from the following:
- Meal for 1 person for RM32 instead of RM60.30
- Meal for 2 people for RM60 instead of RM120.60 (only RM30 per person)
- Meal for 4 people for RM112 instead of RM241.30 (only RM28 per person)
Each person gets:
Banishing hunger pangs, patrons pounce on pan-grilled sirloin steak, New Zealand roasted lamb ribs, or oven roasted spring chicken furnished with fresh garden vegetables and smothered with scrumptious sauces. Slurp soups of the day infused with the rich flavours of mushroom, pumpkin, or potato while soaking up the cultural confines of the majestic Chinese heritage hotel. Teeth sink into festive French pastry desserts while smartphones poach Wi-Fi waves and images of antique surfboards.
Phone: 04-263 1881 (Call 11am – 10pm daily, not including eve of public holidays and public holidays).
Facebook: 1881 ChongTian
1881 Chong Tian Hotel was featured in The Star and The New Straits Times.
Georgetown, Penang 10100
Get Directions


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NFL Draft Report
By Joe Buscaglia
WR Tommy Streeter, Miami (FL)
by Joe Buscaglia
posted Jan 25 2012 3:45PM
Tommy Streeter, #8
Miami (FL)
6'4", 213 lbs.
Miami, FL
2011: 46 receptions, 811 yards, 8 TD
2010: 1 reception, 42 yards, TD
2009: 5 receptions, 114 yards
- Elite size. The type of size you look for in a top target.
- Jump-ball threat. Meets the ball at it's highest point in the end zone.
- Breakout season in 2011.
- Average to below average speed without another gear to separate from defenders.
- Tries to catch the ball with his body far too often. Drops simple passes when wide open because of it.
- Looks like he labors in and out of his breaks.
- A very thin frame. Needs to add some muscle-mass.
- One-year wonder tag.
Special Notes:
- Played alongside Miami (FL) QB Jacory Harris at Northwestern High School as well.
- Early entry redshirt junior.
Projection: 6th to 7th round
- He'll likely get drafted at some point. But he just lacks the burst off the line of scrimmage and through his route running. The battle at receiver is won in and out of the breaks, and he doesn't do that well. Good size, however. He should have stayed in school one more year.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Water's Edge Cottage - 147 Jasmine in Lakeside
- bedrooms 3
- baths 2
- sleeps 9
- pool no
- hot tub no
- pets allowed no
- type House
- community
rates (USD)
/ night
$ 1,300 - $ 2,000 / week
vacation rental description
A Beautiful Vacation Home with a Lake View in Lakeside, Ohio
Immaculate and attractive, this peaceful summer cottage is just steps from the lake, waterfront park and walking path, beach, shops, and restaurants. It is located on a delightful street that ends at the lake. With its proximity to all that Lakeside has to offer, this summer cottage is especially perfect for families with children.
It has a cute rear yard with gas grill, off-street parking for one vehicle in front of the cottage and one parking spot in the rear of the cottage if needed. We welcome you to stay in our comfortable summer home as you enjoy your family traditions and create your Lakeside memories.
LAKESIDE, Ohio is a gated summer vacation community. Google lakeside ohio to see all that it offers.
property availability
Last modified on 02-26-2013 at 3:14 PM.
email owner view full calendar
Doug Bohl (419) 290-8945
house rental amenities
First Floor
- Bright and relaxing enclosed front porch with lake view, ceiling fan, futon, and baseboard heat
- Spacious great room with sleeper sofa
- Large dining table
- TV with cable and DVD player
- New kitchen with dishwasher, disposal, and microwave
- New bathroom with walk-in shower
- Laundry area with full-size washer and dryer
- Air conditioning, two ceiling fans, and baseboard heat on main level
- Refinished original red pine floors throughout porch and great room
Second Floor Master
- Large, bright, and relaxing master bedroom with vaulted ceiling and a queen-size bed and a day bed
- Plenty of windows that frame a beautiful lake view
- Air conditioning, ceiling fan, and baseboard heat
- Refinished original red pine floors
Second Floor Additional Bedrooms (2)
- One double/single bunk bed in each
- Air conditioning and baseboard heat in each bedroom
- Refinished original red pine floors
Second Floor Bathroom
- New bathroom with walk-in shower
- Plenty of towel bars
activities and attractions in Lakeside Ohio
In Lakeside
- Lifeguard-supervised waterfront swimming
- Lifeguard-supervised new children's waterfront zero-depth entry pool and splash pond
- Outstanding tennis facility featuring play on three surfaces - red clay, Har-Tru, and hard. Play by the lake or "up the hill" at the Williams Tennis Campus. Organized tennis activities for all in the morning and clinics for children in the afternoon
- Lighted shuffleboard courts in the lake front park
- Sailing (sailboat and kayak rentals available)
- Bradley Temple with the "God Squad" for children in the mornings
- Putt-Putt Golf in the lake front park
- Rhein Center for the Arts - variety of classes for all ages
- Volleyball and lighted basketball courts
- New, enclosed, and supervised children's play area also in the lake front park.
- Free nightly entertainment at Hoover Auditorium
- Sunday church services
- Large, beautiful Victorian porch at the Historic Lakeside Hotel overlooking the lake and waterfront park - perfect for relaxing and people-watching
- google lakeside ohio for more
Nearby Attractions and Activities:
- Cedar Point Amusement Park
- Kelley's Island
- Putt-In Bay
- Marblehead Lighthouse
- African Safari Wildlife Park and Petting Zoo
- Johnson's Island Historical Civil War Cemetery
- Lake Erie charter fishing
- Nearby public golf courses
- Mon Ami restaurant and winery
- Nagoya - Hibachi-style Japanese restaurant
- Many other restaurants in the area
vacation rental rates
- This is a popular cottage, which is usually rented by the week (Saturday to Saturday) during LAKESIDE'S busy summer season (June 22 - September 2 this year). We occasionally have open weekends or partial weeks in June and in the late summer.
- Many love to rent during the nice spring and fall months. Off-season rates are negotiable.
- Cottage is available April 1 - December 1
- Lakeside is a gated vacation community during the summer season. Gate fees are not included in the rental price. Contact us or google lakeside ohio for more information.
Doug Bohl (419) 290-8945
accepted payment methods
Prior to paying a reservation deposit, always verify payment instructions by calling the phone number displayed on this listing page. By contacting the owner directly and paying by an approved method - credit card, paypal, check or bank transfer - your reservation payment will be protected up to $1,000.
Learn more in our Security CenterTop things to do in Lakeside
- Have fun at the beach, sail, ride bikes
- Take a class at the Rhein Center for the Arts
- Enjoy the free nightly programs at Hoover Auditorium
- Watch a movie at Orchestra Hall
- Play tennis, shuffleboard, miniature golf, basketball, and more
Top things to do on a budget
- Eat ice cream from all four ice cream shops
- Fish off of the pier or ride bikes around Lakeside
- Walk along the lake front and enjoy the beautiful sunsets
- Have a cookout in the park by the lake
- Eat pizza at Sloopy's and donuts from The Patio
Top things to do with a family
- Spend a day at Cedar Point Amusement Park
- Eat breakfast or lunch at Avery's in Marblehead
- Take a ferryboat ride to Kelley's Island
- Go on family walks and bike rides
- Visit the African Safari Wildlife Park and Petting Zoo
Doug Bohl , owner


text:
Forla Paris Animal Print Dress
SALE $17.85 - $21.00 was $42.00 Item #393755071- Frayed animal print dress
- Tiered chiffon and mesh hem
Sorry, this product is currently not available on buckle.com.
Forla Paris Animal Print Dress 1 1
Love this dress! Just got this dress in the mail and I love it. It looks great on, especially if you're the type who likes to conceal your midsection. I can't wait to wear this dress out! August 22, 2012
1-1 of 1


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Statin | |
Drug class | |
Lovastatin, a compound isolated from Aspergillus terreus, was the first statin to be marketed.
Use | High cholesterol |
Biological target | HMG-CoA reductase |
ATC code | C10AA |
External links | |
MeSH | D019161 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Drug Classes |
Statins (or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are a class of drugs used to lower cholesterol levels by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a central role in the production of cholesterol in the liver. Increased cholesterol levels have been associated with cardiovascular disease,[1] and statins have been found to prevent cardiovascular disease in those who are at high risk. Research has found that statins are most effective for treating cardiovascular disease (CVD) as a secondary prevention strategy (treatment in the early stages of a disease), with questionable benefit in those with elevated cholesterol levels but without previous CVD.[2][3] Statins have some side effects including a mildly increased risk of diabetes and abnormalities in liver enzyme tests.[4] Additionally they have rare but severe adverse effects, particularly muscle damage, and some doctors believe they are over-prescribed.
As of 2010, a number of statins are on the market: atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol), lovastatin (Mevacor, Altocor), pitavastatin (Livalo), pravastatin (Pravachol), rosuvastatin(Crestor) and simvastatin (Zocor).[5] Several combination preparations of a statin and another agent, such as ezetimibe/simvastatin, are also available. The best-selling statin is atorvastatin which by 2003 became the best-selling pharmaceutical in history.[6] The manufacturer Pfizer reporting sales of US$12.4 billion in 2008.[7]
Medical uses[edit]
Clinical practice guidelines generally recommend people to try "lifestyle modification", including a cholesterol-lowering diet and physical exercise, before statin use; statins or other pharmacologic agents may be recommended for those who do not meet their lipid-lowering goals through diet and lifestyle changes.[8][9]
Primary prevention[edit]
There is debate over whether or not statins are effective in those with high cholesterol, but no history of heart disease.[10] The best meta-analysis (with individual patient data) did not find a mortality benefit in those at high risk but without prior cardiovascular disease.[10] Other reviews concluded there is a mortality and morbidity benefit,[11][12] but there were concerns regarding the quality of the evidence.[3] With respect to quality of life, evidence of improvement is limited when statins are used for primary prevention.[3] No studies as of 2010 show improved clinical outcomes in children with high cholesterol though statins decrease cholesterol levels.[13]
Secondary prevention[edit]
Statins are effective in decreasing mortality in people with pre-existing CVD. They are also currently advocated for use in patients at high risk of developing heart disease.[2] On average, statins can lower LDL cholesterol by 1.8 mmol/l (70 mg/dl), which translates into an estimated 60% decrease in the number of cardiac events (heart attack, sudden cardiac death) and a 17% reduced risk of stroke after long-term treatment.[14] They have less effect than the fibrates or niacin in reducing triglycerides and raising HDL-cholesterol ("good cholesterol").
Comparative effectiveness[edit]
While no direct comparison exists, all statins appear effective regardless of potency or degree of cholesterol reduction.[12] There do appear to be some differences between them, with simvastatin and pravastatin appearing superior in terms of side-effects.[4]
A comparison of atorvastatin, pravastatin and simvastatin, based on their effectiveness against placebos, found, at commonly prescribed doses, no statistically significant differences among agents in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.[15]
Some scientists believe the statins are overused. Their use has expanded into areas where they provide lesser benefit, and lesser evidence of benefit. The lower the risk of cardiovascular events, the lower the ratio is of benefits to costs. The US market for statins nearly tripled when the National Cholesterol Education Program revised its guidelines to recommend statins as primary prevention. Although the panel cited randomized trials to support statin therapy for primary prevention of occlusive cardiovascular disease, a report in Lancet notes, "not one of the studies provides such evidence." [16] Journalists have questioned the interests of the doctors who made such recommendations, as eight of the nine doctors on the panel were discovered to have been paid by statin manufacturers.[17]
A smaller group of scientists, The International Network of Cholesterol Skeptics, question the lipid hypothesis and argue that elevated cholesterol has not been adequately shown to cause heart disease. These organizations maintain that statins are not as beneficial or safe as suggested.[18] The beneficial effects of statins are suggested to be due to their working as vitamin D analogues.[19]
Adverse effects[edit]
Choosing a statin for people with special considerations[20] | |||
Condition | Commonly recommended statins | explanation | |
kidney transplantation recipients taking ciclosporin | Pravastatin or Fluvastatin | Drug interactions are possible, but studies have not shown that these statins increase exposure to ciclosporin.[21] | |
HIV-positive people taking protease inhibitors | Atorvastatin, Pravastatin or Fluvastatin | Significant negative interactions are more likely with other choices[22] | |
persons taking gemfibrozil, a non-statin cholesterol-lowering drug | Atorvastatin | Combining gemfibrozil and a statin increases risk of Rhabdomyolysis and subsequently renal failure[23][24] | |
persons taking the anticoagulant warfarin | any statin | The statin use may require that the warfarin dose be changed, as some statins increase the effect of warfarin.[25] |
The most common adverse side effects are raised liver enzymes and muscle problems. In randomized clinical trials, reported adverse effects are low; but they are "higher in studies of real world use", and more varied.[26] In randomized trials, statins increased the risk of an adverse effect by 39% compared to placebo (odds ratios 1.4); two-thirds of these were myalgia or raised liver enzymes, with serious adverse effects similar to placebo.[27] However, reliance on clinical trials can be misleading indications of real-world adverse effects – for example, the statin cerivastatin was withdrawn from the market in 2001 due to cases of rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown), although rhabdomyolysis did not occur in a meta-analysis of cerivastatin clinical trials.[26] Other possible adverse effects include cognitive loss, neuropathy, pancreatic and hepatic dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction.[26]
Some patients on statin therapy report myalgias,[28] muscle cramps,[28] or, less frequently, gastrointestinal or other symptoms. Liver enzyme derangements, typically in about 0.5%,[citation needed] are also seen at similar rates with placebo use and repeated enzyme testing, and generally return to normal either without discontinuance over time or after briefly discontinuing the drug. Multiple other side effects occur rarely; typically also at similar rates with only placebo in the large statin safety/efficacy trials. Two randomized clinical trials found cognitive issues, while two did not; recurrence upon reintroduction suggests these are causally related to statins in some individuals.[29] A Danish case-control study published in 2002 suggested a relationship between long-term statin use and increased risk of nerve damage or polyneuropathy,[30] but suggested this side effect is "rare, but it does occur";[31] other researchers have pointed to studies of the effectiveness of statins in trials involving 50,000 people which have not shown nerve damage as a significant side effect.[32]
Myositis and myopathy[edit]
Rare reactions include myositis and myopathy, with the potential for rhabdomyolysis (the pathological breakdown of skeletal muscle) leading to acute renal failure. Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) levels are decreased in statin use;[33] CoQ10 supplements are sometimes used to treat statin-associated myopathy, though there was not enough evidence of their effectiveness despite their ability to raise the circulating levels of CoQ10 in blood plasma as of 2007[update].[34] The gene SLCO1B1 (Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1) codes for an organic anion-transporting polypeptide that is involved in the regulation of the absorption of statins. A common variation in this gene was found in 2008 to significantly increase the risk of myopathy.[35]
Graham et al. (2004) reviewed records of over 250,000 patients treated from 1998–2001 with the statin drugs atorvastatin, cerivastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin.[36] The incidence of rhabdomyolyis was 0.44 per 10,000 patients treated with statins other than cerivastatin. However, the risk was over 10-fold greater if cerivastatin was used, or if the standard statins (atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, or simvastatin) were combined with fibrate (fenofibrate or gemfibrozil) treatment. Cerivastatin was withdrawn by its manufacturer in 2001.
All commonly used statins show somewhat similar results, but the newer statins, characterized by longer pharmacological half-lives and more cellular specificity, have had a better ratio of efficacy to lower adverse effect rates.[citation needed] Some researchers have suggested hydrophilic statins, such as fluvastatin, rosuvastatin, and pravastatin, are less toxic than lipophilic statins, such as atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin, but other studies have not found a connection;[37] the risk of myopathy was suggested to be lowest with pravastatin and fluvastatin, probably because they are more hydrophilic and as a result have less muscle penetration.[citation needed] Lovastatin induces the expression of gene atrogin-1, which is believed to be responsible in promoting muscle fiber damage.[37]
Statins may slightly increase the risk of diabetes,[38] with higher doses appearing to have a larger effect.[39]
Although there have been concerns that statins might increase cancer, several meta-analyses have found no relationship to cancer, the largest of which as of 2006 included nearly 87,000 participants.[40] In 2007, though, a meta-analysis of 23 statin treatment arms with 309,506 person-years of follow-up found the risk of cancer was significantly associated with lower achieved LDL-C levels; the authors said this requires further investigation.[41]
Several case-control studies have found statins reduce cancer incidence,[40] including one[42] which showed patients taking statins for over five years reduced their risk of colorectal cancer by 50%; this effect was not exhibited by fibrates, although the trialists warned the number needed to treat would approximate 5000, making statins unlikely tools for primary prevention.[42]
Drug interactions[edit]
Combining any statin with a fibrate or niacin, another category of lipid-lowering drugs, increases the risks for rhabdomyolysis to almost 6.0 per 10,000 person-years.[36] Most physicians have now abandoned routine monitoring of liver enzymes and creatine kinase, although they still consider this prudent in those on high-dose statins or in those on statin/fibrate combinations, and mandatory in the case of muscle cramps or of deterioration in renal function.
Consumption of grapefruit or grapefruit juice inhibits the metabolism of certain statins. Bitter oranges may have a similar effect.[43] Furanocoumarins in grapefruit juice (i.e. bergamottin and dihydroxybergamottin) inhibit the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP3A4, which is involved in the metabolism of most statins (however, it is a major inhibitor of only lovastatin, simvastatin, and to a lesser degree, atorvastatin) and some other medications[44] (flavonoids (i.e. naringin) were thought to be responsible). This increases the levels of the statin, increasing the risk of dose-related adverse effects (including myopathy/rhabdomyolysis). The absolute prohibition of grapefruit juice consumption for users of some statins is controversial.[45]
The FDA notified healthcare professionals of updates to the prescribing information concerning interactions between protease inhibitors and certain statin drugs. Protease inhibitors and statins taken together may raise the blood levels of statins and increase the risk for muscle injury (myopathy). The most serious form of myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, can damage the kidneys and lead to kidney failure, which can be fatal.[46]
Mechanism of action[edit]
Statins act by competitively inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the first committed enzyme of the HMG-CoA reductase pathway. Because statins are similar to HMG-CoA on a molecular level, they take the place of HMG-CoA in the enzyme and reduce the rate by which it is able to produce mevalonate, the next molecule in the cascade that eventually produces cholesterol, as well as a number of other compounds. This ultimately reduces cholesterol via several mechanisms.
Inhibiting cholesterol synthesis[edit]
By inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, statins block the pathway for synthesizing cholesterol in the liver. This is significant because most circulating cholesterol comes from internal manufacture rather than the diet. When the liver can no longer produce cholesterol, levels of cholesterol in the blood will fall. Cholesterol synthesis appears to occur mostly at night,[48] so statins with short half-lives are usually taken at night to maximize their effect. Studies have shown greater LDL and total cholesterol reductions in the short-acting simvastatin taken at night rather than the morning,[49][50] but have shown no difference in the long-acting atorvastatin.[51]
Increasing LDL uptake[edit]
In rabbits, hepatocytes (liver cells) sense the reduced levels of liver cholesterol and seek to compensate by synthesizing LDL receptors to draw cholesterol out of the circulation.[52] This is accomplished via protease enzymes that cleave a protein called "membrane-bound sterol regulatory element binding protein", which migrates to the nucleus and causes increased production of various other proteins and enzymes, including the LDL receptor. The LDL receptor then relocates to the liver cell membrane and binds to passing LDL and VLDL particles (the "bad cholesterol" linked to disease). LDL and VLDL are drawn out of circulation into the liver, where the cholesterol is reprocessed into bile salts. These are excreted, and subsequently recycled mostly by an internal bile salt circulation.
Decreasing of specific protein prenylation[edit]
Statins, by inhibiting the HMG CoA reductase pathway, simultaneously inhibit the production of both cholesterol and specific prenylated proteins (see diagram). A 2012 study found that statin treatment increases lifespan and improves cardiac health in Drosophila by decreasing specific protein prenylation. The study concluded, "These data are the most direct evidence to date that decreased protein prenylation can increase cardiac health and lifespan in any metazoan [animal] species, and may explain the pleiotropic (non-cholesterol related) health effects of statins."[53] This inhibitory effect on protein prenylation may be involved, at least partially, in the improvement of endothelial function and other pleiotropic cardiovascular benefits of statins,[54][55] and may also account for certain of the benefits seen in cancer reduction with statins.[56]
Other effects[edit]
Statins exhibit action beyond lipid-lowering activity in the prevention of atherosclerosis. The ASTEROID trial showed direct ultrasound evidence of atheroma regression during statin therapy.[57] Researchers hypothesize that statins prevent cardiovascular disease via four proposed mechanisms (all subjects of a large body of biomedical research):[58]
- Improve endothelial function
- Modulate inflammatory responses
- Maintain plaque stability
- Prevent thrombus formation
Statins may even benefit those without high cholesterol. In 2008, the JUPITER study showed fewer strokes, heart attacks, and surgeries even for patients who had no history of high cholesterol or heart disease, but only elevated C-reactive protein levels. There were also 20% fewer deaths (mainly from reduction in cancer deaths) though deaths from cardiovascular causes were not reduced.[59]
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. [§ 1]
- ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "Statin_Pathway_WP430".
A 2004 study showed patients with one of two common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (small genetic variations) in the HMG-CoA reductase gene were less responsive to statins.[60] A 2008 study showed carriers of the KIF6 genetic mutation were more responsive to statin treatment.[61]
Likewise, a 2008 study demonstrated a link between an increased risk of myopathy at higher doses of statins (40–80 mg) and a SNP in SLCO1B1, a gene encoding for the organic anion transporter peptide OATP1B1.[35]
In 1971, Akira Endo, a Japanese biochemist working for the pharmaceutical company Sankyo, began the search for a cholesterol-lowering drug. Research had already shown cholesterol is mostly manufactured by the body in the liver, using the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase.[6] Endo and his team reasoned that certain microorganisms may produce inhibitors of the enzyme to defend themselves against other organisms, as mevalonate is a precursor of many substances required by organisms for the maintenance of their cell walls (ergosterol) or cytoskeleton (isoprenoids).[62] The first agent they identified was mevastatin (ML-236B), a molecule produced by the fungus Penicillium citrinum.
A British group isolated the same compound from Penicillium brevicompactum, named it compactin, and published their report in 1976.[63] The British group mentions antifungal properties, with no mention of HMG-CoA reductase inhibition.
Mevastatin was never marketed, because of its adverse effects of tumors, muscle deterioration, and sometimes death in laboratory dogs. P. Roy Vagelos, chief scientist and later CEO of Merck & Co, was interested, and made several trips to Japan starting in 1975. By 1978, Merck had isolated lovastatin (mevinolin, MK803) from the fungus Aspergillus terreus, first marketed in 1987 as Mevacor.[6]
A link between cholesterol and cardiovascular disease, known as the lipid hypothesis, had already been suggested. Cholesterol is the main constituent of atheroma, the fatty lumps in the wall of arteries that occur in atherosclerosis and, when ruptured, cause the vast majority of heart attacks. Treatment consisted mainly of dietary measures, such as a low-fat diet, and poorly tolerated medicines, such as clofibrate, cholestyramine, and nicotinic acid. Cholesterol researcher Daniel Steinberg writes that while the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial of 1984 demonstrated cholesterol lowering could significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks and angina, physicians, including cardiologists, remained largely unconvinced.[64]
To market statins effectively, Merck had to convince the public about the dangers of high cholesterol, and doctors that statins were safe and would extend lives. As a result of public campaigns, people became familiar with their cholesterol numbers and the difference between "good" and "bad" cholesterol, and rival pharmaceutical companies began producing their own statins, such as pravastatin (Pravachol), manufactured by Sankyo and Bristol-Myers Squibb. In April 1994, the results of a Merck-sponsored study, the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, were announced. Researchers tested simvastatin, later sold by Merck as Zocor, on 4,444 patients with high cholesterol and heart disease. After five years, the study concluded the patients saw a 35% reduction in their cholesterol, and their chances of dying of a heart attack were reduced by 42%.[6][65] In 1995, Zocor and Mevacor both made Merck over US$1 billion.[6] Endo was awarded the 2006 Japan Prize, and the Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award in 2008.
Available forms[edit]
The statins are divided into two groups: fermentation-derived and synthetic. They include, along with brand names, which may vary between countries:
Statin | Image | Brand name | Derivation | Metabolism[66] |
Atorvastatin | Lipitor, Torvast | Synthetic | CYP3A4 | |
Cerivastatin | Lipobay, Baycol. (Withdrawn from the market in August, 2001 due to risk of serious Rhabdomyolysis) | Synthetic | various CYP3A isoforms [67] | |
Fluvastatin | Lescol, Lescol XL | Synthetic | CYP2C9 | |
Lovastatin | Mevacor, Altocor, Altoprev | Fermentation-derived. Naturally occurring compound. Found in oyster mushrooms and red yeast rice. | CYP3A4 | |
Mevastatin | Compactin | Naturally occurring compound. Found in red yeast rice. | CYP3A4 | |
Pitavastatin | Livalo, Pitava | Synthetic | ||
Pravastatin | Pravachol, Selektine, Lipostat | Fermentation-derived. (A fermentation product of bacterium Nocardia autotrophica). | Non CYP[68] | |
Rosuvastatin | Crestor | Synthetic | CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 | |
Simvastatin | Zocor, Lipex | Fermentation-derived. (Simvastatin is a synthetic derivate of a fermentation product ofAspergillus terreus.) | CYP3A4 | |
Simvastatin+Ezetimibe | Vytorin | Combination therapy | ||
Lovastatin+Niacin extended-release | Advicor | Combination therapy | ||
Atorvastatin+Amlodipine Besylate | Caduet | Combination therapy - Cholesterol+Blood Pressure | ||
Simvastatin+Niacin extended-release | Simcor | Combination therapy |
LDL-lowering potency varies between agents. Cerivastatin is the most potent, (withdrawn from the market in August, 2001 due to risk of serious rhabdomyolysis) followed by (in order of decreasing potency), rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and fluvastatin.[69] The relative potency of pitavastatin has not yet been fully established.
Some types of statins are naturally occurring, and can be found in such foods as oyster mushrooms and red yeast rice. Randomized controlled trials found them to be effective, but the quality of the trials was low.[70] Most of the block-buster branded statins will be generic by 2012, including atorvastatin, the largest-selling branded drug.
Statin equivalent dosages | ||||||
% LDL reduction (approx.) | Atorvastatin | Fluvastatin | Lovastatin | Pravastatin | Rosuvastatin | Simvastatin |
10-20% | -- | 20 mg | 10 mg | 10 mg | -- | 5 mg |
20-30% | -- | 40 mg | 20 mg | 20 mg | -- | 10 mg |
30-40% | 10 mg | 80 mg | 40 mg | 40 mg | 5 mg | 20 mg |
40-45% | 20 mg | -- | 80 mg | 80 mg | 5–10 mg | 40 mg |
46-50% | 40 mg | -- | -- | -- | 10–20 mg | 80 mg* |
50-55% | 80 mg | -- | -- | -- | 20 mg | -- |
56-60% | -- | -- | -- | -- | 40 mg | -- |
* 80-mg dose no longer recommended due to increased risk of rhabdomyolysis | ||||||
Starting dose | ||||||
Starting dose | 10–20 mg | 20 mg | 10–20 mg | 40 mg | 10 mg; 5 mg if hypothyroid, >65 yo, Asian | 20 mg |
If higher LDL reduction goal | 40 mg if >45% | 40 mg if >25% | 20 mg if >20% | -- | 20 mg if LDL >190 mg/dL (4.87 mmol/L) | 40 mg if >45% |
Optimal timing | Anytime | Evening | With evening meals | Anytime | Anytime | Evening |
Research continues into other areas where specific statins also appear to have a favorable effect, including dementia,[71] lung cancer,[72] nuclear cataracts,[73] hypertension,[74] and prostate cancer.[75]
- ^ Lewington S, Whitlock G, Clarke R et al. (December 2007). "Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deaths". Lancet 370 (9602): 1829–39. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61778-4. PMID 18061058.
- ^ a b National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (May 2008, reissued March 2010). "Lipid modification - Cardiovascular risk assessment and the modification of blood lipids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease - Quick reference guide" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ a b c Taylor F, Ward K, Moore TH et al. (2011). "Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease". In Taylor, Fiona. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD004816. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004816.pub4. PMID 21249663.
- ^ a b Naci, H.; Brugts, J.; Ades, T. (Jul 2013). "Comparative tolerability and harms of individual statins: a study-level network meta-analysis of 246 955 participants from 135 randomized, controlled trials.". Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 6 (4): 390–9. doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.111.000071. PMID 23838105.
- ^ Sweetman, Sean C., ed. (2009). "Cardiovascular drugs". Martindale: the complete drug reference (36th ed.). London: Pharmaceutical Press. pp. 1155–434. ISBN 978-0-85369-840-1.
- ^ a b c d e Simons, John. "The $10 billion pill", Fortune magazine, January 20, 2003.
- ^ "Doing Things Differently", Pfizer 2008 Annual Review, April 23, 2009, p. 15.
- ^ National Cholesterol Education Program (2001). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III): Executive Summary. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. p. 40. NIH Publication No. 01-3670.
- ^ National Collaborating Centre for Primary Care (2010). NICE clinical guideline 67: Lipid modification (PDF). London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. p. 38.
- ^ a b Ray et al. (2010). "Statins and All-Cause Mortality in High-Risk Primary Prevention: A Meta-analysis of 11 Randomized Controlled Trials Involving 65 229 Participants". Arch Intern Med 170 (12): 1024–31. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.182. PMID 20585067. Retrieved 2010-11-04.
- ^ Mills, EJ; Wu, P, Chong, G, Ghement, I, Singh, S, Akl, EA, Eyawo, O, Guyatt, G, Berwanger, O, Briel, M (2011 Feb). "Efficacy and safety of statin treatment for cardiovascular disease: a network meta-analysis of 170,255 patients from 76 randomized trials". QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians 104 (2): 109–24. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcq165. PMID 20934984.
- ^ a b Tonelli, M; Lloyd, A, Clement, F, Conly, J, Husereau, D, Hemmelgarn, B, Klarenbach, S, McAlister, FA, Wiebe, N, Manns, B, for the Alberta Kidney Disease, Network (2011 Nov 8). "Efficacy of statins for primary prevention in people at low cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis". CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association 183 (16): E1189–E1202. doi:10.1503/cmaj.101280. PMC 3216447. PMID 21989464.
- ^ Lebenthal Y, Horvath A, Dziechciarz P, Szajewska H, Shamir R (2010). "Are treatment targets for hypercholesterolemia evidence based? Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials". Arch Dis Child 95 (9): 673–80. doi:10.1136/adc.2008.157024. PMID 20515970.
- ^ Law MR, Wald NJ, Rudnicka AR (June 2003). "Quantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis". BMJ 326 (7404): 1423. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7404.1423. PMC 162260. PMID 12829554.
- ^ Zhou Z, Rahme E, Pilote L (2006). "Are statins created equal? Evidence from randomized trials of pravastatin, simvastatin, and atorvastatin for cardiovascular disease prevention". Am. Heart J. 151 (2): 273–81. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2005.04.003. PMID 16442888.
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- ^ Associated Press (16 October 2004). "Cholesterol guidelines become a morality play". USA Today.
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- ^ Grimes, D. (2006). "Are statins analogues of vitamin D?". The Lancet 368 (9529): 83–82. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68971-X.
- ^ table adapted from the following source, but check individual references for technical explanations
- Consumer Reports; Drug Effectiveness Review Project (March 2013), "Evaluating statin drugs to treat High Cholesterol and Heart Disease: Comparing Effectiveness, Safety, and Price", Best Buy Drugs (Consumer Reports): 9, retrieved 27 March 2013
- ^ Asberg, A. (2003). "Interactions between cyclosporin and lipid-lowering drugs: Implications for organ transplant recipients". Drugs 63 (4): 367–378. doi:10.2165/00003495-200363040-00003. PMID 12558459.
- ^ Food and Drug Administration (1 March 2012). "Drug Safety and Availability; FDA Drug Safety Communication: Interactions between certain HIV or hepatitis C drugs and cholesterol-lowering statin drugs can increase the risk of muscle injury". fda.gov. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
- ^ Bellosta, S. (2004). "Safety of Statins: Focus on Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions". Circulation 109 (23_suppl_1): III–I50. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000131519.15067.1f.
- ^ Omar, M. A.; Wilson, J. P. (2002). "FDA Adverse Event Reports on Statin-Associated Rhabdomyolysis". The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 36 (2): 288–295. doi:10.1345/aph.1A289. PMID 11847951.
- ^ Armitage, J. (2007). "The safety of statins in clinical practice". The Lancet 370 (9601): 1781–1790. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60716-8. PMID 17559928.
- ^ a b c Golomb BA, Evans MA (2008). "Statin Adverse Effects: A Review of the Literature and Evidence for a Mitochondrial Mechanism". Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 8 (6): 373–418. doi:10.2165/0129784-200808060-00004. PMC 2849981. PMID 19159124.
- ^ Silva MA, Swanson AC, Gandhi PJ, Tataronis GR (January 2006). "Statin-related adverse events: a meta-analysis". Clin Ther 28 (1): 26–35. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.01.005. PMID 16490577.
- ^ a b Anne Harding (August 28, 2007). "Docs often write off patient side effect concerns". Reuters. Retrieved 2009-10-06.
- ^ Holman JR. (2007). Some Docs in Denial About Statin Side Effects. Doc News.
- ^ Gaist D, Jeppesen U, Andersen M, García Rodríguez LA, Hallas J, Sindrup SH (2002). "Statins and risk of polyneuropathy—a case-control study". Neurology 58 (9): 1333–1337. doi:10.1212/WNL.58.9.1333. PMID 12011277. Lay summary – USA Today (2002-08-20).
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- ^ Marcoff L, Thompson PD (2007). "The role of coenzyme Q10 in statin-associated myopathy: a systematic review". J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 49 (23): 2231–7. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.049. PMID 17560286.
- ^ a b The SEARCH Collaborative Group (2008). "SLCO1B1 Variants and Statin-Induced Myopathy - A Genomewide Study". NEJM 359 (8): 789–799. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0801936. PMID 18650507.
- ^ a b Graham DJ, Staffa JA, Shatin D et al. (2004). "Incidence of hospitalized rhabdomyolysis in patients treated with lipid-lowering drugs". JAMA 292 (21): 2585–90. doi:10.1001/jama.292.21.2585. PMID 15572716.
- ^ a b Hanai J, Cao P, Tanksale P et al. (2007). "The muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase atrogin-1/MAFbx mediates statin-induced muscle toxicity". J. Clin. Invest. 117 (12): 3940–51. doi:10.1172/JCI32741. PMC 2066198. PMID 17992259.
- ^ Sattar N, Preiss D, Murray HM, Welsh P, Buckley BM, de Craen AJ et al. (2010). "Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials". Lancet 375 (9716): 735–42. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61965-6. PMID 20167359.
- ^ Preiss D, Seshasai SR, Welsh P, Murphy SA, Ho JE, Waters DD et al. (2011). "Risk of incident diabetes with intensive-dose compared with moderate-dose statin therapy: a meta-analysis". JAMA 305 (24): 2556–64. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.860. PMID 21693744.
- ^ a b Dale KM, Coleman CI, Henyan NN, Kluger J, White CM (2006). "Statins and cancer risk: a meta-analysis". JAMA 295 (1): 74–80. doi:10.1001/jama.295.1.74. PMID 16391219.
- ^ Alsheikh-Ali AA; Maddukuri, PV; Han, H; Karas, RH (2007). "Effect of the Magnitude of Lipid Lowering on Risk of Elevated Liver Enzymes, Rhabdomyolysis, and Cancer: Insights From Large Randomized Statin Trials". Journal of the American College of Cardiology 50 (5): 409–418. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.073. PMID 17662392.
- ^ a b Poynter JN, Gruber SB, Higgins PD et al. (2005). "Statins and the risk of colorectal cancer". N. Engl. J. Med. 352 (21): 2184–92. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa043792. PMID 15917383.
- ^ Mayo clinic: article on interference between grapefruit and medication
- ^ Kane GC, Lipsky JJ (2000). "Drug-grapefruit juice interactions". Mayo Clin. Proc. 75 (9): 933–42. doi:10.4065/75.9.933. PMID 10994829.
- ^ Reamy, Brian V.; Stephens, Mark B. (July 15, 2007). "Letters to the Editor: The Grapefruit-Drug Interaction Debate: Role of Statins". American Family Physician 76 (2): 190–192.
- ^ FDA Website Statins and HIV or Hepatitis C Drugs: Drug Safety Communication - Interaction Increases Risk of Muscle Injury
- ^ Istvan, E. S.; Deisenhofer, J. (2001). "Structural Mechanism for Statin Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase". Science 292 (5519): 1160–1164. doi:10.1126/science.1059344. PMID 11349148.
- ^ Miettinen TA (March 1982). "Diurnal variation of cholesterol precursors squalene and methyl sterols in human plasma lipoproteins". Journal of Lipid Research 23 (3): 466–73. PMID 7200504.
- ^ Saito Y; Yoshida S; Nakaya N; Hata Y; Goto Y (Jul-Aug 1991). "Comparison between morning and evening doses of simvastatin in hyperlipidemic subjects. A double-blind comparative study". Arterioscler Thromb 11 (4): 816–26. doi:10.1161/01.ATV.11.4.816. PMID 2065035.
- ^ Wallace A; Chinn D; Rubin G (4 October 2003). "Taking simvastatin in the morning compared with in the evening: randomised controlled trial". British Medical Journal 327 (7418): 788. doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7418.788. PMC 214096. PMID 14525878.
- ^ Cilla DD Jr; Gibson DM; Whitfield LR; Sedman AJ (July 1996). "Pharmacodynamic effects and pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin after administration to normocholesterolemic subjects in the morning and evening". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 36 (7): 604–9. PMID 8844442.
- ^ Ma PT, Gil G, Südhof TC, Bilheimer DW, Goldstein JL, Brown MS (1986). "Mevinolin, an inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis, induces mRNA for low density lipoprotein receptor in livers of hamsters and rabbits" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (21): 8370–4. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.8370M. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.21.8370. PMC 386930. PMID 3464957.
- ^ Spindler SR, Li R, Dhahbi JM, Yamakawa A, Mote P, Bodmer R, Ocorr K, Williams RT, Wang Y, Ablao KP (June 2012). "Statin treatment increases lifespan and improves cardiac health in Drosophila by decreasing specific protein prenylation". PLoS One 7 (6): e39581. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039581. PMID 22737247.
- ^ Lahera V, Goicoechea M, de Vinuesa SG, Miana M, de las Heras N, Cachofeiro V, Luño J (2 2007). "Endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation in atherosclerosis: beneficial effects of statins". Curr Med Chem 14 (2): 243–8. doi:10.2174/092986707779313381. PMID 17266583.
- ^ Ferri N, Colombo G, Ferrandi C, Raines EW, Levkau B, Corsini A (5 2007). "Simvastatin reduces MMP1 expression in human smooth muscle cells cultured on polymerized collagen by inhibiting Rac1 activation". Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27 (5): 1043–9. doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.139881. PMID 17303772.
- ^ Thurnher M, Nussbaumer O, Gruenbacher G (Jul 2012). "Novel aspects of mevalonate pathway inhibitors as antitumor agents". Clin Cancer Res 18 (13): 3524–31. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-0489. PMID 22529099.
- ^ Nissen S, Nicholls S, Sipahi I, Libby P, Raichlen J, Ballantyne C, Davignon J, Erbel R, Fruchart J, Tardif J, Schoenhagen P, Crowe T, Cain V, Wolski K, Goormastic M, Tuzcu E (2006). "Effect of very high-intensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial". JAMA 295 (13): 1556–65. doi:10.1001/jama.295.13.jpc60002. PMID 16533939.
- ^ Furberg CD (19 January 1999). "Natural Statins and Stroke Risk". Circulation 99 (2): 185–188. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.99.2.185. PMID 9892578.
- ^ Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FAH et al. (2008). "Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein". NEJM 359 (21): 2195–207. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0807646. PMID 18997196.
- ^ Chasman DI, Posada D, Subrahmanyan L, Cook NR, Stanton VP, Ridker PM (2004). "Pharmacogenetic study of statin therapy and cholesterol reduction". JAMA 291 (23): 2821–7. doi:10.1001/jama.291.23.2821. PMID 15199031.
- ^ Iakoubova, O. A.; Sabatine, M. S.; Rowland, C. M.; Tong, C. H.; Catanese, J. J.; Ranade, K.; Simonsen, K. L.; Kirchgessner, T. G.; Cannon, C. P.; Devlin, J. J.; Braunwald, E. (2008). "Polymorphism in KIF6 Gene and Benefit from Statins After Acute Coronary Syndromes: Results from the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 Study". Journal of the American College of Cardiology 51 (4): 449–55. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.10.017. PMID 18222355.
- ^ Endo A (1 November 1992). "The discovery and development of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors" (PDF). J. Lipid Res. 33 (11): 1569–82. PMID 1464741.
- ^ "Crystal and Molecular Structure of Compactin, a New Antifungal Metabolite from Penicillium brevicompactum." Alian G. Brown, Terry C. Smale, Trevor J. King, Rainer Hasenkamp and Ronald H. Thompson. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1976, 1165-1170. doi:10.1039/P19760001165
- ^ Steinberg, Daniel. The Cholesterol Wars: The Skeptics vs. The Preponderance of Evidence. Academic Press, 2007, pp. 6–9.
- ^ Scandinaviansimvastatinsurvival (November 1994). "Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)". Lancet 344 (8934): 1383–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90566-5. PMID 7968073.
- ^ Safety of Statins: Focus on Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions" Circulation 2004:109:III-50-IIIi-57
- ^ "Metabolism of cerivastatin by human liver microsomes in vitro. Characterization of primary metabolic pathways and of cytochrome P450 isozymes involved". Drug Metab Dispos 25 (3): 321–31. Mar 1997.
- ^ Comparison of Cytochrome P-450-Dependent Metabolism and Drug Interactions of the 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Lovastatin and Pravastatin in the Liver. DMD February 1, 1999 vol. 27 no. 2 173-179
- ^ Shepherd J, Hunninghake DB, Barter P, McKenney JM, Hutchinson HG (2003). "Guidelines for lowering lipids to reduce coronary artery disease risk: a comparison of rosuvastatin with atorvastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin for achieving lipid-lowering goals". Am. J. Cardiol. 91 (5A): 11C–17C; discussion 17C–19C. doi:10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00004-3. PMID 12646338.
- ^ Liu J, Zhang J, Shi Y, Grimsgaard S, Alraek T, Fønnebø V (2006). "Chinese red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) for primary hyperlipidemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Chin Med 1: 4. doi:10.1186/1749-8546-1-4. PMC 1761143. PMID 17302963.
- ^ Wolozin, B; Wang SW, Li NC, Lee A, Lee TA, Kazis LE (July 19, 2007). "Simvastatin is associated with a reduced incidence of dementia and Parkinson's disease". BMC Medicine 5: 20. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-5-20. PMC 1955446. PMID 17640385.
- ^ Khurana V, Bejjanki HR, Caldito G, Owens MW (May 2007). "Statins reduce the risk of lung cancer in humans: a large case-control study of US veterans". Chest 131 (5): 1282–1288. doi:10.1378/chest.06-0931. PMID 17494779.
- ^ Klein BE, Klein R, Lee KE, Grady LM (June 2006). "Statin use and incident nuclear cataract". JAMA 295 (23): 2752–8. doi:10.1001/jama.295.23.2752. PMID 16788130.
- ^ Golomb BA, Dimsdale JE, White HL, Ritchie JB, Criqui MH (April 2008). "Reduction in blood pressure with statins: results from the UCSD Statin Study, a randomized trial". Arch. Intern. Med. 168 (7): 721–7. doi:10.1001/archinte.168.7.721. PMID 18413554.
- ^ Mondul AM, Han M, Humphreys EB, Meinhold CL, Walsh PC, Platz EA (February 2011). "Association of statin use with pathological tumor characteristics and prostate cancer recurrence after surgery". Journal of Urology 185 (4): 1268–1273. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2010.11.089. PMID 21334020.
External links[edit]
- Statin page at Bandolier, an evidence-based medicine journal (little content after 2004)


text:
Eclipse Records Releases
Gold Shop New Releases
Eclipse Records
The first batch of 7 Inch releases on Gold Shop showcases the works of NY's hometown hero Phillip Smart. An original protege of the great King Tubby, Phillip has been at the center of most NY reggae production since he migrated to NY in the early 80′s. The good folks at Gold Shop have taken great care to re-master these tunes directly from the original master tapes under the guidance of Phillip Smart himself at his legendary HC & F Studios. The same amount of care has also been put into the heavyweight collectors edition sleeves which will package all of these titles, and will not be available again once these run out. These records will only be pressed in limited quantities, and once they are gone, they are gone.
HCF-1007-7-A Sammy Levi – Come Off The Road
HCF-1007-7-B Dub
HCF-1010-7-A Lilly Melody – Bad In Bed
HCF-1010-7-AA Lilly Melody – Cease Fire Selector
HCF-1021-7-A Sammy Levi – Five Pound Box Of Dubs
HCF-1021-7-B Dub
HCF-1023-7-A Nicodemus – Dollars Fi Spend
HCF-1023-7-B Dub
HCF-1024-7-A Sammy Levi & Marshall One – Love Is The Message
HCF-1024-7-B Dub
HCF-1025-7-A Major Danger – Know Fi Move
HCF-1025-7-A Dub


text:
You're watching...
American Country Awards Preview
ACA show hosts talk about the show; a look at the top nominees; a feature song from Luke Bryan.
Dec 6, 2012
You're watching...
ACA show hosts talk about the show; a look at the top nominees; a feature song from Luke Bryan.
Dec 6, 2012
Also in this playlist...
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I'm actually abort your box or one month -- your -- The two of country music world they get Monday night for Fox's third annual American Country Awards we had a chance to sit down with host Trace back -- encrypted channel -- -- special preview of what's in store.
They say they're at their time hosting is not only -- charm it's a lot of pressure.
There's always that pressure where -- donors.
You know was true one appears to have this stuff there's lot.
That's -- blah blah you know.
This award show is different than the others because the fans determine the winners.
And you know some times when you when we are -- out of -- from the past and there rocks.
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- It was -- -- more.
My peers don't give me money.
He's here -- Ryan -- the way with 79.
Lady Antebellum and that -- banners -- pick nominees in -- Well those typically don't pick favorites there is one other nominee who Christen is hurting our.
-- -- -- -- -- With all due respect and everybody is obviously fantastic -- prevalent in the nominees for awards.
And has now gone -- such a beautiful.
Just finished shooting no tiles all so it's -- -- trends this.
Yes my favorite -- -- well.
-- -- -- Lives.
He would -- that any -- it's hard to their collection when the show airs December 10 on the box.
Now we leave you with our featured song of the week from the lead nominee Luke Bryan.
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Authorities say a woman bumped into a scooter with her car at a central Georgia gas station, leading to a brief burst of gunfire that claimed her life.
Macon police say she was shot to death Tuesday afternoon, in what they describe as a random encounter.
Police say 65-year-old Linda Hunnicutt's car bumped into a scooter operated by a 73-year-old man.
Police say Hunnicutt stepped out of her Buick Lucerne and briefly exchanged words with him. They say he drew a gun and shot her once in the chest.
Police say the suspect, Frank Louis Reeves, was apprehended in the parking lot. He was being held on a murder charge at the Bibb County Jail. Police didn't know whether he has an attorney, and jail records do not list one.
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Damian Lillard Continues Meteoric Rise
Damian Lillard didn't have to take the court during the 2012 NBA Draft Combine. After a dominant junior season at Weber State, he's already considered the top point guard in this draft class. In the past year, he has climbed draft boards and likely solidified himself as a top-ten pick.
Lillard's agent, Aaron Goodwin, gave him the option to sit out the individual drills and only take part in the interview portion of the combine, but the 21-year-old didn't travel to Chicago to be a bystander. He participated and sent a message to the players, coaches and executives in attendance.
"I'm not running from anyone," Lillard said after the workout. "A lot of people talk about me playing at a small school like Weber State, and a camp like this is the perfect opportunity for me to show that I can play to the same level as everyone else in this draft. I wanted to come in and show all of the teams that I can make shots. I thought I did a pretty good job of that. When we did one-on-one, I wanted to show that I could defend guys who played at higher levels. I thought I did a good job of that too."
Executives and coaches in attendance raved about Lillard's performance. He shot the ball well, played excellent defense and showed that he's not backing down from anyone throughout the pre-draft process. With his draft stock on the line, Lillard delivered under pressure.
This shouldn't come as a surprise to anyone who watched Lillard last season. He was the nation's second-leading scorer, averaging 24.5 points. He also contributed 5.1 rebounds and 4 assists per game. While Weber State's offense forced him to dominate the ball in college, he believes he has what it takes to make the transition from scorer to facilitator in the NBA.
"I know I can [be a point guard in the NBA]," Lillard said. "Playing at Weber State, in our offense, they needed me to score points. For us to be successful, I had to score points. I'm willing to do whatever I need to do to win games. That's what I did. In the NBA, I'll be surrounded by NBA-level players and it'll be more likely for me to make plays for other guys. I won't have to do as much on offense. I definitely think I can be a point guard in this league."
This time last year, Lillard was projected as a second-round pick. During his terrific junior season, he was thrust into the spotlight, which was a new experience for him after going unnoticed for much of his life. Coming out of high school, Lillard was a two-star recruit and Weber State was the only school that offered him a scholarship.
"It's been crazy," Lillard said of this past year. "In high school, I flew under the radar. In college, I flew under the radar. Then, this year, all of sudden there were a lot of people at my practices and a lot of people calling me. There were agents. I had never experienced all of that before, all of the attention. It was crazy and it got out of hand for a little while. It overwhelmed me a little bit, but once I realized that it was all good attention and that it came with the territory with how successful I was, I accepted it. It was crazy, but I was happy to know that I was going in the right direction."
[youtube_sc url="http://youtu.be/NUQXTmfY7lo"]
Lillard has already worked out for the Cleveland Cavaliers, Portland Trail Blazers, Golden State Warriors, Toronto Raptors and Utah Jazz. He has been training for his workouts in Oakland, where he grew up. He hopes to become the next great point guard from the Bay Area.
"I'm from Oakland and I'm competitive, just like Gary Payton, Jason Kidd and Brian Shaw," Lillard said. "I feel like I have to bring that same thing to the table as an Oakland point guard. I want to compete. I feel like I still need to prove myself, playing against high-level guards. I'm happy to have the opportunity to be here and show that I belong here."
While Lillard's statistics separate him from the other point guards in this draft, he also has more experience than his peers. Marquis Teague left Kentucky after one season and Kendall Marshall only spent two seasons at North Carolina. Lillard, on the other hand, spent four years at Weber State, developing as a player and growing as a person. He feels his maturity gives him an advantage over the other point guards in this class and he believes he can make an impact in the NBA in his first season.
"I have a degree," Lillard said. "I've been in school for four years. I've been away from home and had the opportunity to grow as a man. Not to talk down about anyone else in the draft, but I've got experience over them. I think a lot of them are 19 years old or 20 years old, some of them are even 18 years old. I'm 21, turning 22 this summer. I think my maturity is definitely going to help me."
Lillard showed his poise and maturity during the 2012 NBA Draft Combine, performing at a high level in front of the league's decision-makers. Lillard's draft stock is at an all-time high and, just as he's done over the past year, he'll likely continue to climb draft boards over the next few weeks.


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A man was arrested in Howard County after authorities found an active meth lab inside a farmhouse.
Wednesday morning at about 9:15 in Northeast Howard County, near the Randolph County line, a farmer noticed someone inside the house and rode his tractor closer to see who it was.
When he got close to the house he saw, Jacob Strain, 32 run out.
The farmer fired a warning shot at Strain, and then fired at him a second time when he didn't stop.
Strain took off in a Silver Pontiac Grand Prix and authorities later caught up with him on Route BB in Randolph County.
After securing the house, they found an active meth lab inside.
Strain is in the Howard County Jail pending formal charges.


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Cruise Line: Holland America LineCruise Ship: Oosterdam
Available Cruise Departure Dates:2014 May: 18 Jun: 01, 15, 29 Jul: 13, 27 Aug: 10, 24 Sep: 07
The Digital Workshop powered by Microsoft Windows: Guests will be able to "show and tell" their vacation memories, learning how to share all their digital memories through email, blogging and social networking - so friends and family can see where they've been cruising even before they return home. Free workshops taught by Microsoft-trained "techsperts" make it easy and fun, even for novices.
The Culinary Arts Center, presented by Food & Wine Magazine: our state-of-the-art demonstration kitchen offering interactive gourmet cooking lessons taught by our own Master Chefs or culinary guests.
Greenhouse Spa & Salon: features heavenly beauty and wellness rituals. Enjoy a facial, hot stone massage, steam in a thermal suite and have your hair and nails done for a special evening.
Vista Dining Room: features impeccable service and an extensive wine list. Five-course menus include continental cuisine, vegetarian and low-carb options.
Pinnacle Grill: This intimate reservations-only venue offers an elegant, sophisticated dining experience. Featuring premium Sterling Silver beef, inspired seafood dishes and many select wines rated "Excellent" by Wine Spectator - as well as distinctive Bvlgari china, Riedel stemware and Frette linens.
Lido Restaurant: offers a relaxed ambiance for all three meals and features a variety of fresh, cooked-to-order specialties.
Explorations Cafe, powered by The New York Times: a comfortable, coffee house environment where you can browse through an extensive library, surf the Internet and check email or simply read the morning paper.
Vista Show Lounge: features talented vocalists, dancers, illusionists, comedians and variety acts.
Crow's Nest: offers sweeping 270 degree views during the day, and a hip, fashionable nightclub each evening.
Club HAL: our dedicated youth facilities and activities for kids ages 3 - 12; activities are supervised and age appropriate.
The Loft: designed exclusively for teens (13 - 17) to have fun, socialize and hang out with people their own age.
Officially christened in 2003 by Her Dutch Royal Highness, Princess Margriet of the Netherlands, the ms Oosterdam is the second in our series of Vista-class ships. As such she embraces the latest industry and environmental technologies such as her use of a diesel-electric power plant for optimal energy efficiency and an Azipod propulsion system that maximizes maneuverability.
Symbolic of Holland America Line's more than 135-year history of circumnavigating the globe, the centerpiece of the ms Oosterdam is a magnificent Waterford crystal globe, prominently displayed in a three-story atrium. First-time cruisers aboard this ship will quickly recognize the traditional touches that make Holland America cruisers regulars: a warm palette of colors accentuating an extensive use of crystal, marble, inlaid woods and brass, lovely flower arrangements, priceless artwork and antiques and a full wraparound teak promenade deck with padded deck chairs.
If you're looking for the ultimate cruising experience that you'll remember for a lifetime, you've come aboard the right ship.
The ship of Holland America's Oosterdam is well equipped to accommodate all of your activity possibilities. From the moment you embark this vessel to the second before you disembark, you're guaranteed to become so occupied that it will be virtually impossible to keep track of the days nor the hour.
World-renowned master chef Reiner Greubel leads our award-winning culinary staff in providing extensive dining options, including "light & healthy" items, continental and ethnic cuisines, and vegetarian dishes. All are available in a range of dining venues.
Close your eyes and imagine the most thrill seeking entertainment options that surpasses any and all entertainment that you will ever experience. What you're imagining right now would be the vessel of Holland America's Oosterdam. This ship has more to offer than just the superb view of the open seas. No matter how you plan on spending your nights here, you'll become well entertained.
2 lower beds convertible to 1 queen-size bed, bathtub & shower. All G-category staterooms have a partial sea view. All GG-category staterooms have fully obstructed views. All H- & HH-category staterooms have fully obstructed views.
Large inside Staterooms include two lower beds convertible to a queen-size bed, shower.
The Penthouse Suites feature a bedroom with a king-size bed, oversize whirlpool bath & shower & additional shower stall. Complete with a living room, dining room, dressing room, private verandah with whirlpool, pantry, sofa bed, VCR, microwave, refrigerator, guest toilet, private stereo system, floor-to-ceiling windows.Approximately 1,313 square feet including verandah
2 lower beds convertible to 1 king-size bed, bathroom with dual sink vanity, full-size whirlpool bath & shower & additional shower stall, large sitting area, dressing room, private verandah,1 sofa bed for 2 persons, floor-to-ceiling windows.
Superior Verandah Suites feature two lower beds convertible to a queen size bed, sofa bed for one, bathroom with dual sink vanity, full-size whirlpool bath & shower & additional shower stall, VCR, floor-to-ceiling windows.Approximately 384 square feet including verandah
Deluxe Verandah Outside Staterooms include two lower beds convertible to a queen-size bed, bath & shower, sitting area, private verandah, floor-to-ceiling windows.Approximately 254 square feet including verandah
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Catch of the Day Nodes
Catch of the Day
- Kanektok Coho Salmon
- Lake Erie Tributary Muskie
- Patagonia Rainbow Trout
- Cook Island Bonefish
- South Andros Bonefish
- Guatemala Sailfish
- Quebec Lake Trout
- Truckee River Rainbow Trout
- Bahama Bone
- Situk River Steelhead
- Missouri River Rainbow
- Kenai Buck
- Lake Erie Trib Steelhead
- Icelandic Brown Trout
- Texas Large-mouth
- Missouri River Brown Trout
- The River Morrum Sea Run Brown
- Bow River Alberta Rainbow Trout
- Florida Keys Bonefish
- Wallace River Chum Salmon
- Salmon River King salmon
- Douglaston Salmon Run Coho Salmon
- Mexican Tarpon
- Salmon River Steelhead
- Scottish Atlantic Salmon
- Costa Rica Golden Trevally
- Dukes Creek Brown Trout
- Kamchatka Rainbow Trout
- Tennessee Brown Trout
- Virginia Musky
Char Makes A Day
Art Lacinak, fishing guide for Bristol Bay lodge in Alaska, shows this nice char caught on Alegnagik lake. Art is wearing your his Simms G4 Pro™ Jacket and G3 Guide Waders. Art uses his Simms gear extensively throughout the Alaska guide season. "Your stuff is the only stuff tough enough to last a season in AK. We ate slept, worked and guided in your gear every day and both waders and jacket did the job!!"


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Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
For those of you who think your family has problems, wait until you meet the Lamberts.
We were first introduced to them a few years back in the horror film, 'Insidious' and things have not gotten any better for them.
To refresh everyone's memory or in case you missed the first film...Here's a brief synopsis about what has transpired...Josh Lambert (Patrick Wilson) and his Mrs (Rose Bryne) thought their house was haunted and for a very good reason....
Their young son, Dalton (Ty Simpkins) who had and still has, the ability to travel out of his physical body, met the spirit of a really scary old woman (aren't they all?) and a red-faced demon who wanted to possess his physical body. (Can't really blame him).
Anyway Dalton ends up in a coma and things go from bad to worse for the family, until they bring in medium, Elise (Lin Shaye) to clear out the demons. She performs an exorcism and winds up getting killed, which is an excellent reason not to choose that line of work.
As 'Insidious Chapter 2' opens, Dalton has woken up from the coma and the Lamberts, along with their three children, move into a brand new house, only to discover...that it wasn't their home that was haunted...It is them...
To say any thing else about the plot would be spoiling the fun...And it is fun...It's also scary, clever and thanks to director James Wan ('Saw'/'Insidious'/'The Conjuring') and writer, Leah Whannell ('Saw'/'Insidious') all the questions raised in the first film, are answered.
Barbara Hershey is back as Josh's mother and this time, she plays a more active role. She teams up with Ghost Hunters, Specs (Leigh Whannel) and Tucker (Angus Sampson) and the three of them. track down who exactly is haunting her family and why.
Even though Elise was killed off in the first one, that doesn't stop her from helping as well. I mean, who's better to fight demons than a dead person?
I gave 'Insidious Chapter 2' which opens in theatres, Friday the 13th (perfect) 3 1/2 bagels out of 5. I think if you're a fan of the first one or just like to be scared, you won't be disappointed.
Check out our video to see John's bagel rating and hear more of our thoughts.
Please SUBSCRIBE to our youtube channel and LIKE us on our Two Jews on film facebook page and let us know what you think about 'Insidious Chapter 2'.
Thanks everyone.
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August 21, 2013 | 12:33 pm
Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
We're all familiar with the quote, 'You can never go home again' . Well, that's not exactly true...You can go home again, but it may not be the way you remembered it.
That is certainly the case in 'The World's End' directed by Edgar Wright. Wright wrote the script with Simon Pegg, who also stars in the film.
According to the writers, this is the last in a trilogy...A follow up to,...'Shaun of the Dead', the zombie movie and the cop buddy pic, 'Hot Fuzz'.
The film starts out with a flashback. The year is 1990 and five high school friends, living in the English village of Newton Haven, attempt a 12 pub crawl. Unfortunately, they never quite make it, stopping before they reach the last one...The World's End.
Flash forward 20 years later, Gary (Simon Pegg) contacts his former mates...Andy (Nick Frost) who he's been estranged from...Steven (Paddy Considine)...Oliver (Martin Freeman) and Peter (Eddie Marsan) to once again reunite and this time...Make it all the way to the end...The World's End.
Of course, Gary's mates have changed. They are all family men with careers. Gary however, is the same lost dude he was in high school. So for him, this 12 pub crawl means everything.
What starts out as a reunion, quickly turns into something much different and the guys soon realize, that the fate of humanity is in their hands.
'The World's End' which opens in theatres, Friday August 23, 2013 is a very funny, clever film with a lot of heart.
In the end, it's not only a story about how far a man will go for a pint, but how far will he go for his mates.
I gave 'The World's End' 4 1/2 bagels out of 5...John seems to have lost his sense of humor and gave it a much different score.
Check out our video to see what he thought and for more of our rantings.
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Let us know what you think about 'The World's End'. Thanks everyone
August 18, 2013 | 4:14 pm
Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
'The Butler' written by Danny Strong, was inspired by Wil Haygood's article in The Washington Post, entitled 'A Butler Well Served By This Election'. Eugene Allen served as a butler through 8 presidential administrations.
In this film, we follow the journey of Cecil Gaines (Forest Whitaker) who as a boy in 1923, picked cotton on a Georgia farm, alongside his father and mother.
In one of the most heart wrenching scenes, Cecil watches as one of the farm's overseers, (Alex Pettyfer) rapes his mother (Mariah Carey) and then shoots his father, (David Banner) dead right in front of him.
Lucky for Cecil, everyone down South isn't a sick, evil bastard...Thanks to the kindness of the plantation's matriarch (Vanessa Redgrave) he's taken out of the fields and given a job in the main house as a servant.
It's here, serving Ms Redgrave, that his education starts...Cecil learns how to be the 'perfect servant' to white folks....which translated means...Putting on a mask and smiling...no matter what he hears or sees.
Cecil is a quick learner and it's not long, before he gets a job at an upscale hotel, where he excels.
This gets the attention of the White House's black maitre d'... Freedie Fallows (Colman Domingo), who hires Cecil as a butler, after making sure that he has no political affiliations. Fallows informs Cecil that 'There is no tolerance for politics in the White House'.
Something Cecil never forgets.
He winds up outshining all the other other butlers on staff, including his two BFFs, Cuba Gooding Jr. and Lenny Kravitz and becomes the favorite of eight presidents, including...
Dwight Eisenhower (Robin Williams), Richard Nixon (John Cusak), John F. Kennedy (James Marsden), Lyndon B. Johnson (Liev Schreiber) and Ronald Regan (Alan Rickman)
Through Cecil, we get to experience the birth of the 'civil rights movement', starting with Eisenhower reluctantly sending in federal troops to Little Rock Ark to desegregate the public schools, and ending with Ronald Regan, refusing to boycott South Africa for their apartheid policies.
Before I say anymore about this film, I must mention the performances by the remarkable cast, starting with..
Miss Oprah Winfrey as Gloria, Cecil's wife. She gives a beautiful, complex performance, as a woman struggling with loneliness, addiction, the changing times and a son, Louis (David Oyelowo) who chooses, despite his father's disapproval, to take a break from college and join The Freedom Riders.
The actors, depicting the various presidents, are spot on especially, Liev Schrieber and Alan Rickman.
Rounding out the cast are Terrence Howard as a lecherous neighbor, his wife Adriane Lenox and Elijah Kelley who portrays Cecil's younger son, Charlie)
And now for Mr. Whitaker...All I can say is Oscar...Oscar...Oscar. The choices he makes as an actor are not big or showy...They are small, subtle, layered, and powerful.
He gives Cecil a profound dignity and grace. His character, especially when silent, says so much.
The Butler' takes us on a journey...at times it's a gut wrenching one, through a period in our country's history, not too long ago, when ignorant men committed some of the most horrific atrocities toward other human beings.
But Daniels doesn't just show us the lynchings, the beatings, the violence, we also get to see the courage and the unbreakable commitment of the people involved in the Civil Rights movement. They are the true heroes of the film.
And as for Cecil...He's a man that doesn't want to make waves. The civil rights movement and the violence it brings, scares him.
But as our country changes, so does Cecil and he comes to understand how vital it is to stand up to injustice....And that's what makes the ending of this film, so very sweet and so very moving...
Don't worry, this isn't a SPOILER. I think everyone knows who got elected in 2008)
The film brings us right up to Cecil voting for the first African American President of the United States.
I think it's obvious how much I loved 'The Butler' which opened Friday, August 15, 2013 and that's why I gave it 5 bagels out of 5. Unfortunately John had the flu and didn't get to see it, so no bagel score from him.
But check out our video review, he does get a few words in...with a not too shabby British accent.
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Thanks everyone and let us know what you think about 'The Butler'
August 6, 2013 | 8:16 pm
Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
So what happens when a pot dealer (Jason Sudeikis), a stripper (Jennifer Anniston) a runaway (Emma Roberts) and a virgin (Will Poulter) pretend to be an 'All American Family' and go on a marijuana run to Mexico in a very big R. V.?
Well, in the film 'We're The Millers' directed by Rawson Marshall Thurber, you're in for one very entertaining ride.
Especially when you throw in an angry drug lord, a vicious tarantula, a pornographic game of Pictionary, and an impromptu sing-along...
Of course the later choice seems much more appealing than death. Now the only question is...How can David make this drug run and not get caught?
Easy...Find an All American Family. After all no one would ever suspect the Osmonds of smuggling pot...Now since our guy doesn't have an 'all american family', David will just have to create one...And that's exactly what he does.
He convinces Rose, Kenny and Casey to pretend to be his wife and kids.
And so 'The Millers' are born...
Trust me folks, you have never seen an all american family like this one.
I absolutely loved the film and gave it 4 bagels out of 5. It's filled with unexpected twists and turns, including a hysterical encounter with another 'All American Family' (Nick Offernan, Kathryn Hahn, Molly Quinn.
Plus, not only is it funny and clever, it has a lot of heart. I cared about the Millers and you will too.
'We Are The Millers' opens in theatres, Wednesday August 7th and it's a must see for anyone who loves to laugh.
Check out our video for John's rating...HINT: He actually scored it the same as me!
Please SUBSCRIBE to our youtube channel and LIKE us on our Facebook page.
Thanks everyone and don't forget to let us know what you think about this film.
August 5, 2013 | 11:22 pm
Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
Neill Blomkamp, writer and director of critically acclaimed 'District 9', once again brings us a thought-provoking, sci-fi, fantasy, action film.
'Elysium,' starring Matt Damon, takes place in the year 2154. Earth is polluted, overpopulated and crime-ridden. The rich have long ago abandoned the planet for Elysium, an orbital space station, a 19 minute shuttle ride away.
But those 19 minutes might as well be several light years. The space station is protected by a killer security force, run by Jodie Foster, who will do anything and everything to keep Elysium safe for the wealthy.
Matt Damon plays Max — an ex-con on parole living and working in Los Angeles, which is now a getto. That's right folks, the homes of the "rich and famous" are now a thing of the past ... and I don't think Universal Studios is conducting any more tours in the city of Angels.
Max is just an ordinary guy trying to do the "right thing." He's put his days of stealing cars behind him. Now, his time is spent working at Armadyne, a corporation specializing in defense.
Important to note: The company is run by John Carlyle (the wonderful William Fichtner) a man who cares about 3 things ... Money, money and more money.
Okay, back to Max ... who winds up having an on-the-job accident. He gets a lethal dose of radiation and finds out from a robot ... seriously, a robot ... that he only has five days to live.
Max is not at all thrilled with the news and decides his only chance to survive is on Elysium.
It seems that every home on the space station not only comes equipped with a washer and dryer but also has a machine that can heal any disease in seconds. Only catch: You must be a 'citizen' of the Elysium for the machine to work.
So, since Max doesn't have the billions it costs to become a "citizen" of Elysium he has no choice but to contact some of his old criminal buddies, including ...
Spider (Wagner Moura) a very creepy dude who helps illegal immigrants get to the space station (which unfortunately doesn't always turn out too well).
He's also quite adept at turning people into Cybourgs, which comes in handy for Max, but that's all I'll say on the subject. Don't want to spoil the fun.
And "Elysium" is fun ... a lot of fun. It also has a great message and for a sci-fi film, that's rare.
Rounding out the cast is Alice Braga, who plays Frey a childhood friend of Max, who has her own reasons for wanting to get to Elysium and Sharito Copley ("District 9") who's excellent as the villaninous, Kruger, Jodie's pet operative/assassin.
I gave "Elysium," which opens in theatres Friday August 9, 2013, 4 bagels out of 5. John, however, had a different take on the film.
Check out our video for his bagel score and for more of our musings.
July 25, 2013 | 6:49 pm
Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
I really feel for The Wolverine, aka Logan (Hugh Jackman). The poor guy can't die, doesn't have any cool people to hang out with, and he's suffering from major depression...
On top of that, he's still in love with his ex girlfriend (Famke Janssen. Even though he killed her, their relationship seems to be going well. Of course, Logan can only see her in his dreams.
No wonder our century year old mutant has the blues.
However, we don't know all of that quite yet.
When 'The Wolverine' directed by James Mangold opens, Logan is having a flashback...It's 1944 and he's in Nagasaki, just as the atomic bomb is dropped. It's here that Logan saves the life of a Japanese soldier, who promises to repay him one day.
Flash forward to the present...Where Logan is hiding out in the wilds of the Yukon and it's obvious that our angry, unhappy, super hero, hasn't been intimate with a bar of soap for a long time.
After getting into a bar fight, (3 guesses who won) Logan is approached by Yukio (Rila Fukushima) a mysterious Japanese girl...(aren't they all) with a message from the soldier. He doesn't have long to live and wants to finally repay Logan.
At first Logan declines the offer...He's not too big on flying, even if it is in a private plane...but it's hard to resist a beautiful girl with flaming red hair, who also happening to have killer fighting skills. So off they go to...
Tokyo, where Logan visits the soldier, (Hal Yamanouchi) who's now very old and extremely very wealthy. It doesn't take long for him to discover just how the dying man wants to repay him.
It also doesn't take long for Logan to find himself on the run with a beautiful heiress, (Tao Okamoto) using his claws to fight Samurai swords, Yakuza guns, black clad Ninjas' arrows and finally, one very large, very dangerous metal robot.
And if that's not bad enough, Logan's encounter with a female mutant, appropriately named, Viper (Svetlana Khodchenkova) leaves him...MORTAL...That's right folks...Our guy can bleed...and does, a lot.
'The Wolverine' written by Mark Bomback and Scott Frank is filled with lots of action, stunts, fight scenes, hand to claw combat, great chases, a super fast train ride and even a couple of love scenes.
The film shot in 3D is a mixture of tones...It's part Samurai, part super-hero, part crime drama, with lots of father/daughter/illegitimate son conflict thrown in. Is that a good thing?
Well yes and no. It is a bit of a hodgepodge, but in the end, I did find it entertaining...For that reason, I gave 'The Wolverine' which opens in theatres, Friday July 26, 2013, 3 bagels out of 5.
Check out our video for John's bagel rating and for more of our thoughts about this film.
Please SUBSCRIBE to our youtube channel and LIKE us on our facebook page.
Thanks everyone and let us know what you think..
July 24, 2013 | 6:17 pm
Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
There are many reasons to see 'Blue Jasmine' written and directed by Woody Allen, but the main one is...the stunning, complex, Oscar worthy performance by, Miss Cate Blanchett.
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July 17, 2013 | 8:45 pm
Posted by Joan Alperin-Schwartz
'The Conjuring' is one of the most terrifying films I've seen in a very long time and I loved every second of it. Of course I love being scared, but only when I'm sitting in a movie theatre.
Based on a true story, the film tells the tale of how world renowned paranormal investigators, Ed Warren (Patrick Wilson) and his clairvoyant wife, Lorraine (the wonderful Vera Farmiga) find themselves in one of the most horrifying case of their lives.
For those of you unfamiliar with these demonologists, the Warrens have spent years fighting evil forces. One of their most famous cases was made into a movie, entitled... 'The Amityville Horror'.
Okay, so for those of you who aren't sure if evil spirits are occupying your home, here's my version of 'Demonic Activity For Dummies'...
First stage: Infestation...Whispering, footsteps, the feeling of another presence...
Second stage: Oppression...You feel as if your will is being crushed...(that must hurt) and last, but certainly not least...
Third stage: Possession...Self explanatory...The entity has you, mind, body and soul...
Luckily Carolyn Perron (Lili Taylor) doesn't wait for stage three to contact the Warrens.
Carolyn and her husband, Robert (Ron Livingston) live with their five daughters, in a centuries old farmhouse in Harrisville Rhode Island and she realizes that something is not quite right.
The year is 1970, so Carolyn can't 'google'...what do you do when you feel your house is haunted?
The Warrens arrive to investigate and immediately agree that there is a very sinister entity occupying the Perron home and the family is in grave danger.
Thanks to director James Wan (creator of 'Saw') what transpires is so intensely scary that you'll be jumping out of your seat. I know I was.
Wan builds the tension slowly and has created 'set pieces' that delivers everything you've come to expect, but don't always get, in a horror film.
Also, the script, written by Chad and Carey W. Hayes ('The Reaping') makes sure you care about all of these people.
The five Perron daughters played by...Joey King, Shanley Caswell, Hayley McFarland, MacKenzie Fox and newcomer Kyla Deaver are excellent.
I gave 'The Conjuring' which opens in theatres Friday July 19, 2013, five bagels out of five.
Check out our video for John's thoughts and his bagel rating...HINT: He actually liked this film.
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Love to know what you think about 'The Conjuring'. Thanks everyone
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Registered to Vote?
If you're not, follow one of these links and get registered:
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Declare Yourself
Rock the Vote
11 a.m, Cultural Center Theater
The documentary 14 Women follows the 14 female senators who were in the U.S. Senate from 2004-2006 as they govern while balancing their families, friends, staff, and work loads.
Sponsored by the Educate '08 Student Programming Committee and the Division of Student Affairs, supported by TrimWater, The Creative Coalition, and the "Message in a Bottle" campaign.
Noon - 5 p.m., Hofstra Hospitality Corner, Media Filing Center
12 - 2 p.m., Hofstra Recreation Center, North Campus
Hofstra's College Republicans and Hofstra's College Democrats will battle it out in a spirited but friendly series of games and activities, culminating in a tug-of-war competition. All students welcome to attend. Republicans wear red, Democrats blue.


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Betting Tools
Champions League 2013/14 Futures Betting
Outright betting markets for Champions League 2013/14 | |||
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'Pokémon' Tops Tumblr's List of Most Reblogged Games
Pokémon was the top gaming franchise on Tumblr in 2013 when measured by reblogs, according to rankings released by Tumblr on Tuesday. While Pokémon is an ever-popular franchise, its top spot could also be tied to October's release of Pokémon X and Y for the Nintendo 3DS handheld. See also: The Complete Guide to Tumblr Subcultures The second spot on the list was another Nintendo franchise: Animal Crossing, spurred by the June release of Animal Crossing: New Leaf for the 3DS.


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301 W. Elm - Salina, KS - 67401
Monday - Thursday 9 a.m. - 9 p.m.
Friday & Saturday 9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Sunday 1 - 6 p.m.
Winter Break Reading Program
Children can log books, play games and win prizes. Click here or sign up in Youth Services.
Nov. 25-Jan. 2
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Did you know...... SPL is on Twitter! Follow us - @SalinaPL
The public library in Salina is an asset to our community.
-Gary C.
Growing up in Salina, I loved laying in one of the old bathtubs in the childrens section, a stack of books on the ground beside me.
-Shannon D.