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Hear from some of the past winners of the Shell LiveWIRE Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award and Grand Ideas Awards, and how it has helped their businesses improve and grow.
Apply for our monthly Grand Ideas Awards for the chance to join these elite winners.
In this video, Helen McAvoy and Naomi Kibble talk about how their business has grown over the last year and explain how the Shell LiveWIRE Grand Ideas Award helped push their business that one step further.
On 15th April 2011, Shell LiveWIRE interviewed Rich Martell, the 21yr old founder and CEO of Floxx.com, the flirting social network. In this interview, Rich talks about his life as an entrepreneur and how he went from launching the initial website as a bit of fun, to turning it into one of the most exciting new busnesses in the London Tech Start-Up scene raising venture capital of £100,000 in less than 12 months.
In this video, Jamie Murray Wells, founder of Glasses Direct and Shell LiveWIRE Young Entrepreneur of the Year 2005, discusses the benefits of the Shell LiveWIRE Awards programme and offers his top business tips for new start-ups.
Wayne Hemingway, co-founder of Red or Dead, designer and entrepreneur, takes a few moments out of the 2010 Shell LiveWIRE Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award UK final to offer his top business tips and his views on starting up a business in the current economic climate.
As co-founder of Ecademy, Penny Power has built an internationally successful business around her belief in the importance of openness, honesty, kindness and respect in business. In this video she takes a moment to sum up her thoughts on business and offer her top tips for young and aspiring entrepreneurs.
As Shell says, "Social Investment is embedded in the way we carry out our day-to-day business to provide long-term sustainable programmes. We seek to initiate, establish and support programmes that are aligned with our business. Our social investment activities are themed around science, education, innovation and business skills."
To find out more visit the Shell UK Social Investment website.
more infoIn this short video, Grand Ideas Award winning entrepreneurs Kilian Palop & Glenn Buchan (Adspad) talk about how they heard about the competition, how they used the prize money and PR exposure to grow their business and the support they have received through the Shell LiveWIRE website.
In February 2010, Ben and Rosemary Scrimgeour took home one of the Shell LiveWIRE £1,000 Grand Ideas Awards. Since then, their business has been enjoying overwhelming success and PR.
The Ben Scrimgeour Building Workshop decided to create a video, showing other aspiring and new entreprenuers how the Shell LiveWIRE award and the subsequent PR has helped them.
We caught up with former Shell LiveWIRE Grand Ideas Award winners Glenn Buchan & Kilian Palop (Adspad) in February 2010 to hear how winning the award in 2009 provided excellent PR coverage and the funding they needed to kickstart their business providing local advertising to students in Aberdeen.
We caught up with former Shell LiveWIRE Grand Ideas Award winner Daniel Sutherland to hear how winning the award gave him the finance and confidence to help develop his revolutionary new 'Milkistar' baby feeding bottle, led to further funding for his business and provided a major PR boost along the way.
In July 2009, Shell LiveWIRE caught up with Katie Weightman from Miksani, an ethical clothing line. It's been just a few months since Katie won one of Shell LiveWIRE Grand Ideas awards back in January, but already things are looking bright for Miksani.
In this video, Katie talks about what's been particularly helpful to her as an entrepreneur and where she derives inspiration.
In July 2009, Shell LiveWIRE caught up with Lucy Cohen from Mazuma, an accountancy service for small businesses. It's been two years since Lucy won the Shell LiveWIRE Entrepreneur of the Year award (Wales), and things couldn't be better.
In this video, Lucy talks about how her company has grown, the issue of taking on staff, the importance of networking, and offers entrepreneurs her top tips for starting a new business!
For more information visit:
In July, the Shell LiveWIRE team met Tom Tribe, creator of Design Tribe, a creative agency that produces bespoke solutions using a mix of web and print media.
In this video, Tom talks about the challenges of starting up a creative business and offers young entrepreneurs his top tips for starting a successful business.
For more information visit:
The Jamm Factory Group is a Liverpool-based events company that was created by Tom Stanley (Managing Director) and Nathan White (Operations Manager). The Jamm Factory group specialises in everything from live shows and outdoor events to graphic design and advertising.
In this exclusive interview for Shell LiveWIRE, Wayne Hemingway (www.hemingwaydesign.co.uk) talks about how he took Red or Dead from humble beginnings on a market stall in 1980 and turned it into an award-winning international fashion label.
In this video, Wayne also explains;
> Why a recession can be a great time to start a creative business
> What ingredients you need to turn great ideas into viable businesses
> The personal qualities you need to be a success
> His innovative new 'Starter for Ten' project - free workspace for creative businesses in Gateshead town centre (www.gateshead.gov.uk/starter4ten)
> KioskKiosk - his new popup shops backed by Boris Johnson and the Greater London Authority (GLA)
> His top tips for scaling up and taking your business to the next level
Stewart's business, "Whites Cleaning Services" which is based in Prestatyn, is a domestic and commercial cleaning company offering a wide range of services.
Established in June 2003, Whites has expanded rapidly and now offers services to offices, clubs and pubs, leisure facilities and caravan parks as well as domestic households. Carpet and upholstery cleaning, floor scrubbing and polishing, patio and driveway cleaning and fire, flood and builders cleans are just a few of the services on offer.
Stewart, who also plays semi-professional football for Rhyl Football Club, had always wanted to be his own boss and began by setting up a window cleaning business. He then spotted a gap in the market for a complete cleaning service. Today, Whites offers such a comprehensive service it wins many contracts from bigger cleaning companies. Customers vary from small local firms to large national organisations, such as the holiday company Pontins Ltd.
Whites Cleaning Services now employs six staff, regularly sub-contracts work to 14 other cleaners and is expecting to open a second office in the near future. Whites will also be introducing graffiti removal to their services and in the long term, Stewart is aiming to make Whites Cleaning Services a nationally recognised company, moving further into Wales and eventually into the North West of England.
"Perfection – it's the only standard worth working to!"
more infoVictoria's business, "Pomelo", designs high fashion funky flip flops that combine style and quality with comfort and colour. Using silks, cotton, jute, leather and bamboo, embellished with beads, sequins and flowers, Victoria has over 51 styles available for 2004.
In the 10 months since it started trading, Pomelo has attracted some prestigious clients including Harrods, Graham and Green and over 50 independent boutiques throughout the UK. Victoria is also exporting to Mexico and has interest from stores in New York. Sales are also generated through her online shop at www.funkyflipflops.com
Victoria, who worked as a freelance make up artist for seven years, decided to start her business when she was about to go off on holiday to Thailand in December and couldn't buy any flip flops in the UK to take with her. It was her boyfriend who suggested she should make her own and sell them on the Internet. After four months of research, Victoria established there was a gap in the market for high quality, British design flip flops, and her business idea became a reality.
Within five years, Victoria expects Pomelo to be a leading brand name for flip flops, and she intends to diversify into producing matching hand bags, day slippers and evening sandals.
"Research your market really well – if there's a gap or an opportunity there, then go for it! Listen to advice, take it in, but always use your instinct."
For more information visit: www.funkyflipflops.com
more infoTheir business, "Oneighty Creative Limited", provides creative business image and marketing solutions to small businesses in the local area. Oneighty Creative provides everything from logo and stationery design to brand creation and development. Working with clients including Blackburn College and The Curry Kitchen, this enterprising husband and wife team pride themselves on being flexible and accommodating of any business' needs.
After graduating in Graphic Design, the duo then went on to work for design agencies where they honed their creative and professional skills and, when Andy was made redundant they took the opportunity to realise their dreams of having their own creative design agency. In the near future they are hoping to employ one full time member of staff and also take on a second part time. Ultimately, they want Oneighty Creative Limited to be recognised as 'The' Creative Design Agency for the North West.
"Innovation is the key to your success!"
For more information visit: www.oneightycreative.com
more infoDesigning new medical equipment which helps to improve care and saves lives is the ethos behind this business. The enterprising partners work with medical practitioners to identify improvements in the performance of existing medical equipment or to identify opportunities for entirely new medical products. The entrepreneurs' aim is to build a medical design company that earns royalties on products manufactured under licence.
The two Neils hit on their business idea while studying Product Design Engineering. On interviewing clinicians, they discovered the need for improvements in neo-natal care equipment. Since starting their business in May 2003, they have designed three main products to improve neo-natal care and infection control.
Lightweight is currently working on neo-natal intensive care equipment. This world leading new product, backed by the NHS, will significantly improve the care and survival chances of premature and sick new-born babies. The equipment will be made under licence by a medical equipment supplier, and should be available in hospitals by 2006.
Lightweight will continue to work with hospitals to identify opportunities to develop better products or entirely new medical equipment to improve health care. Within five years they expect to be employing seven more designers and to be the leading designers of critical care medical equipment in the UK.
For more information visit: www.lightweight-medical.co.uk
more infoMatthew's business "Dowden Marketing Magic" uses his own brand of close-up magic to provide companies with an entertaining marketing and sales presentation to potential clients. By performing close-up card tricks, illusions and mind-reading stunts at trade shows, Matthew attracts an audience and significantly improves the chance of potential clients visiting the company's sales teams. Company sales messages are worked into the act, and give-away tricks ensure that spectators spread awareness of the company as they repeat the tricks to impress others.
Matthew's fascination with magic started while he was studying Law at the University of Northumbria. After rejecting a career in Law, he decided to become a professional magician. During his research, Matthew realised there was a gap in the market for starting a business linking magic with marketing and sales promotions. Since the launch of the business 17 months ago, Matthew has attracted some prestigious companies including Microsoft Press, npower and Daewoo as clients. He is also developing packages for local authorities to enable schools to deliver drug awareness, traffic safety and healthy eating messages to children. North East Shell LiveWIRE Young Entrepreneur of the Year is not the only prestigious title this young entrepreneur has lifted; he was recently named Newcastle Magic Circle Close-Up Magician of the Year.
"The great thing about having your own business is that there are no limits to what you can do!"
For more information visit: www.dowdenmm.com
more info"All Creatures" is a modern, small animal veterinary practice in North West Ireland. Set up by Gillian Montague in 2003, the practice incorporating boarding kennels and a cattery, is modern, bright and well equipped with the latest technological equipment. In addition to the treatment of sick and injured animals, All Creatures stocks a broad range of pet foods and accessories and provides a full consultation service on general animal health care issues. Gillian's plans for the future include, expansion of the boarding kennels business and establishment of additional branch surgeries throughout Northern Ireland.
"The first year in business is a real rollercoaster ride, with some of the most stressful moments in a lifetime but also some of the most exhilarating."
For more information visit: www.allcreaturesvets.co.uk
more infoJoel Kellhofer likes to think big – very big. Asked what his greatest ambition is and there is no hesitation. "Make an epic drama for the cinema and grow AC2.Com into the size of a company like Virgin."
It's quite a challenge but the 29 year-old likes to set his sights high and has a real determination to grow his company into a real business success. AC2.Com Productions provides a range of high quality video production, multi-media and internet products designed to meet the individual needs of clients.
With a degree in Multimedia Computer Technology and a family background in media, Joel started his career working for other companies but wasn't satisfied that the customers were getting the best value for their money. "I knew I could offer a better quality service at a better price so I formed AC2.Com Productions in order to make sure my customers were totally satisfied."
And Joel's advice to any budding entrepreneurs out there; "If you're not successful first time then use that as a learning experience and try again. If you want to be in business there is no-one to stop you but yourself."
"Have the courage to pursue your dreams!"
For more information visit: http://www.ac2.com
more infoSeatriever International Ltd has, to date, completed the development and launch of two very popular products - Waterbuoy (launched 2007) and Illoom Balloon (launched 2008).
As featured on BBC2's Dragon's Den, Waterbuoy is a small unit, about the size of a small disposable cigarette lighter that automatically activates when submerged in water. Waterbuoy is a unique product. It will lift up to 1kg back to the surface, saving items such as keys, GPS units and fishing tackle. Waterbouy will stay afloat for at least 24 hours it has an emergency flashing light that makes it visible from over 250 metres away in the dark, the world's first to do so.
The product and technology is completely innovative and fully patented. This is the only device in the world with these capabilities. The product and technology has a huge market appeal. Since product launch (trade only, 16/04/2007) Waterbouy has received huge global interest from press, boaters, fisherman, and large multinational distributors and retailers. Seatriever International Ltd is now currently arranging international wholesale trade partnerships.
more infoWaterbuoy - a miniature, automatic floating device, was the brainchild of 26 year old James Halliburton. As featured on BBC2's Dragon's Den - Waterbuoy was developed to protect valuables such as keys, cameras and mobile phones when in and around water, by bringing it and its attachments back to the surface and keeping them afloat for more than 24 hours when it is submerged in water. And just in case you lose your valuables at night, Waterbuoy has an emergency flashing light that makes it visible in the dark from more than 250 metres away.
Hannah Marshall is a luxury British brand all about sophisticated minimalism characterised by subtle tactile detail.
The debut collection 'Quiet Noise' is a focused capsule collection of 12 minimalist yet darkly sophisticated dresses designed for Autumn/Winter 07-08. Fast becoming known for her innovative and tactile Braille coded designs, Hannah Marshall's signature detail is cleverly applied with hidden Braille messages. Laser cutting, etching and embossing are key details to this aesthetically beautiful brand.
A directional and body conscious collection of refined dresses, indulgent in luxury British fabrics such as butter soft leather, blackest black long pile velvet, pure silk chiffon and fine stretch wool. The purposeful use of a colour palette exclusively in obligatory blackest black, graphite, dove and nude tones currently has international buyers clamouring for her inimitable pieces.
more infoUp and coming fashion designer, 24 year old Hannah Marshall from Essex, is a graduate from the Colchester School of Art and Design. Her self titled clothing company which launched its debut collection, Quiet Noise, at the London Fashion Week in February is fast becoming known for its tactile, Braille coded designs. Hannah Marshall's collection of directional and body conscious refined dresses in luxury British fabrics, such as butter soft leather, blackest black, long pile velvet, pure silk chiffon and fine stretch wool, currently has got international buyers clamouring for her pieces.
It was a sunny, Sunday afternoon at Spitalfields market in East London, when Alex Griffin realised how difficult it was to buy custom-made and unique products - be it art, fashion or furniture.
While high-street retailers churned-out bland, mass-produced and cheaply-made products with no room for personalisation, a world of innovative designer-makers and niche brands remained hidden. We were sure that people would rather buy lovingly-made, individual products than the high-street alternative, if only they could find them.
12 months of research, development and elbow-grease later, and we've come up with a web 2.0 solution. Described as a Superboutique, Bouf.com is the online venue to buy and sell limited edition, custom-made and highly unique products, from fashion, food and furniture to gadgets, footwear and gifts. All products are curated and often made in small quantities, so the range is always changing. Bouf.com is a fantastic source of unique products for all budgets, for those that prefer to stand out from the crowd.
more infoBouf.com is an online boutique selling everything from limited edition furniture and fashion to custom made gadgets and gifts. Bouf is the brainchild of 26 year old Alex Griffin who, frustrated by the lack of individuality on the high street, got together with worldwide, innovative design makers to offer his customers niche brands that until have remained hidden. Bouf.com showcases hundreds of unique products to suit all budgets, including Vitamin's Urban Gnome, Hulger's phone range, Zoë Stanton's Fair Share champagne fountain and Charlie Davidson's wheeler stools.
Advanced Electronic Solutions supplies and installs electronic security products.
It also manufactures two products which are of its own unique design:
RapidCam.com, a rapid deployment CCTV product family which is a pole mountable solar and/or wind powered camera with digital recording used for combating antisocial behaviour, remote site security, and building site protection; and FarmCameras.co.uk, a long range wireless CCTV product for assisting farmers with calving, lambing and foaling.
Advanced Electronic Solutions or AES, an electronic security company, was set up by Paul and Mark Creighton in Cookstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. AES supplies and installs the hi tech system as well as manufacturing two exclusive products for the security and monitory markets. RapidcamCam.co.uk is an all in one CCTV camera and integrated recording unit which offers remote site security for building sites, monitoring of traffic hotspots and a deterrent to antisocial behaviour at city nightspots. FarmCameras.co.uk is a long range, wireless CCTV system that can help farmers monitor, calving, lambing and foaling from a distance.
At the young age of 20, feeling held back by both age and gender whilst working in car sales, Nicky Gray was inspired by visiting soft play areas with her nephew and began her venture to create a business with a difference. Nicky's vision was a transformation of a run down building into a friendly soft play area and cafe for the local community.
This vision became a reality when she opened Kiki's Kabin and provided the community with what they were missing: a soft play not just for children to enjoy, but adults too. A whole range of activities are on offer, from the toddler area to the play frame, the bouncy castle and car track area to the exclusive 'lazy lounge' with Sky tv, pool table and wireless internet facilities.
After winning North Tyneside's Young Entrepreneur award, Nicky felt privileged to be invited to enter the Shell Livewire Young Entrepreneur of the Year awards. She sees entering this competition as her next business opportunity and her chance to give something back to the community: if she is successful and wins any prize money, she plans to use it to expand the business and build a sensory room for disabled children.
Nicky says: 'It was my dream to open a business but I didn't believe that in reality I could be a young entrepreneur'.
more info
Kiki's Kabin in North Shields, North Tyneside, is an indoor soft play area that can be enjoyed by children and adults alike. A welcome addition to the local community, Kiki's Kabin was opened in July 2006 after 20 year old Nicky Gray transformed the once rundown building into an innovative activity centre and café. From the toddler area to play frame, the bouncy castle and car track area to the lazy lounge with Sky TV, pool table and wireless internet, there is a whole host of fun to be had for all the family.
The Adventurists (formerly known as The League of Adventurists International Ltd) organise hardcore adventure events raising large amounts of cash for charities.
Their first event, the Mongol Rally, was a 10,000 mile marathon to Mongolia in cars most would consider too small for the weekly shop. The second saw teams from all over the world drive 145cc auto rickshaws (tuk-tuks) 2,000 miles across India.
The Mongol Rally was started as a hobby by Tom Morgan who was frustrated by the lack of adventure left in the world. Guide books and maps cover everywhere on earth leaving nothing to discover, no edge of the map to walk off. The Rally grew so quickly that Tom was working full time and started the business to cope with the demand. Now the company is developing a wide range of new events, an online TV channel and magazine, and building media partnerships to create new adventure-based entertainment.
We're delighted to have been chosen for the regional final of the Shell LiveWIRE Awards, funny to think it was just me in a cupboard a few months ago. It's nice to stand back and think 'blimey, we've come quite a long way!'"
more infoFrustrated by the lack of adventure in the world Tom Morgan, Dan Wedgwood and Lamorna Trahair set up the Bristol based League of Adventurists, to organise adventure events to raise money for charity. Their first event in 2006 was the Mongol Rally, a 10,000 mile car marathon across three deserts and seven mountain ranges, from London to Mongolia. The event raised more than £200,000 for charity. The second adventure, The Rickshaw Run, has seen teams from all over the world drive motorised rickshaws 2,000 miles across India.
Mazuma is an accountancy practice, but with a difference. At Mazuma they break the mould of stereotypical accountants; They are a young, dynamic and friendly practice serving SMEs, partnerships, sole traders and the self employed. Mazuma offers accountancy, bookkeeping and payroll services, as well as both business and personal tax advice.
Lucy and Sophie started Mazuma as they felt they wanted to offer an honest and decent service to those requiring an Accountant. Mazuma has a fair, structured price plan based on the work required, rather than company's turnover, and clients can pick and choose what they want Mazuma to do for them. No-one is too small to have an Accountant, and with services starting at just £15 per month, Mazuma is affordable.
Mazuma entered the Shell Livewire Awards as both Directors are: passionate about their company; running a successful business; and most of all offering a great Accountancy service with personality to their clients. Both are entrepreneurs at heart, and Lucy and Sophie see Mazuma as just the start of many goals for their future business achievements!
For more information visit:
Accountancy practice with a difference, Mazuma was set up in April last year by 24 year old Sophie Hughes and Lucy Cohen. Mazuma is based in Cardiff and offers accountancy, bookkeeping and payroll services as well as both business and personal tax advice to SMEs, partnerships, sole traders and the self employed. Mazuma breaks the mould of traditional accountants with its price plan which, starting at just £15, means that its clients can afford the benefits of accountancy advice no matter how large or small they might be.
When Marc Day launched his business "Swapgame.com Ltd" in July 2002 to provide unlimited games rentals over the Internet, there was nothing else like it in the UK. For a monthly subscription of £14.99, customers can have a variety of games for the PlayStation 2, Xbox or Gamecube, delivered free of charge to their door the following day. Swapgame.com is unique as there are no return dates for the games, therefore no penalty fees for late returns, or any additional charges to the subscription price. The website has secure credit or debit card payment facilities and operates a 3-strike policy to ensure all games are eventually returned in perfect condition, or the customer will be charged the full retail price for a replacement. The business has currently teamed up with various online companies such as the internet service provider Tiscali, who have taken on Swapgame.com as their exclusive games rental partner. So far, the business has attracted around 1,000 subscribers to the site.
After graduating with a degree in Business Administration, Marc joined the Internet sales department of a large communications company, before following his lifelong dream of starting a business. In the future, he hopes to link his business to lifestyle and student portals as well as employing more staff to keep pace with demand. Eventually Marc would like to make Swapgame.com the largest internet games rental service in Europe.
more infoStarSparkles offers a unique service of customising shoes using Swarovski Crystals. Pauline has always loved fashion and things that were different. She customised her own trainers seven years ago, as a hobby. In 2004, Pauline started working in Qube shoe shop where she met Tina Sparkle, her supervisor. Tina is really motivating and loves all things sparkly. Pauline decided she should 'sparkle' a pair of cow print Converse for Tina and so StarSparkles was born. Customers can now order bespoke designs or choose from a range of popular registered designs. Pauline really loves what she does and it makes her happy to see customers' faces when they see their own Sparkles. Pauline was told about the awards by the PSYBT and thought it would be a good experience to enter. She is delighted to get into the Scottish final; her success has given her more drive and ambition to succeed.
Pauline Clifford from Neilston in Glasgow set up her company, StarSparkles, as a result of her hobby for customising trainers with Swarovski crystals which began more than seven years ago. The sparkling shoes are adorned with anything from her customers' names, favourite song lyrics, flags or one of her own colourful designs. Celebrities such as Kelly Osbourne, Scarlett Johansson and even Paris Hilton have taken a shine to Pauline's products. To date the 25 year old has hand customised more than 1,500 pairs of shoes.
The idea for iSAMS came when Alistair was studying A Levels at school and he heard teachers complaining about a newly purchased school management information system. After some research he saw there was a considerable lack of investment and generation of new, innovative ideas in the marketplace.
After A-Levels he began working as a gap year student for a local school. This gave him time to research further and start the development of this new product, whilst learning about the independent school market first hand. It has taken over 3 years to bring it to an acceptable quality for use in the market.
iSAMS provides the usual administrative tasks of pupil and staff records, timetabling, set management, school reports and examinations. In addition, the school can purchase further modules including pupil tracking, virtual learning environments, parent portals and other enhancements, taking the product beyond its competitors.
Alistair entered the awards because "I strongly believe that the range of iSAMS services now on offer benefits the productivity of a school and massively benefits everyone from teachers, students and staff alike."
more infoiSAMS was developed by Alistair Price of Northampton. It is an innovative, online management information system, designed specifically to help schools effectively administer vital information from timetables and tests to pupil's records and reports. The 23 year old came up with the idea whilst studying for his A levels and the product has taken three years to perfect. Unlike its competitors, iSAMS is tailored to each school's needs and includes optional add on modules such as virtual learning environments and parent portals, sending Alistair straight to the top of the class.
Fluvial Innovations Ltd provides functional and economical solutions against the risk of flooding, allowing individuals and organisations to mitigate and prevent the emotional and financial cost of flood damage. The company also provides rapidly deployable reservoir systems.
The company was initially formed to carry out a 9-month feasibility study into the patented modular flood barrier, FLOODSTOP. The study was part-funded by the UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTi).
FLOODSTOP was designed by Simon Phelps during his final year at university whilst studying BSc (Hons) Computer Aided Product Design. He became aware of the necessity of a rapidly deployable flood barrier during the Lewes and Uckfield floods of 2000. It astonished him when a large number of properties were devastated, all because a sandbag barrier couldn't be erected in time. Since graduating in July 2005, Simon has been working alongside BU Innovations Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bournemouth University, in order to commercialise the product.
more infoFluvial Innovations Ltd was originally formed in July 2006 by Simon Phelps to undertake a feasibility study into the patented, modular flood barrier, Floodstop, for which it was awarded a DTI grant. The company also provides rapidly deployable reservoir systems and other functional and economical solutions to mitigate the risk of flooding. With 1 in 10 houses in the UK under threat of flooding, Floodstop was designed to be a quick and easy to assemble flood barrier to protect households or premises from flood damage, and the associated, emotional and financial costs.
Seven thousand years ago, a mystical and enchanting beverage was discovered. It was a nourishing foodstuff that played a pivotal role in many great ancient civilisations.
Today, in the hectic, monopolised, grey world we live in there is no longer magic to be found in this bland, mass produced, cheaply sourced and watered down concoction.
At BrewDog we believe that the magic is still there to be extracted from this drink. All that is needed is the reintroduction of the passion, love, care, and the highest quality ingredients.
Everyone who shares in BrewDog's vision will be able to escape from the monotony of modern day life and rediscover the zest, sparkle and spectrum of joys provided by nature and her wares that make life worth living.
Come and join us on a journey….
more infoBrewdog, a brewery with a difference, is the brainchild of 25 year old James Watt and his business partner Martin Dickie. The Fraserburgh based company started brewing beers and lagers last year. Their products first went on sale in local hostelry Blue Toon but soon after pubs in the region were clamouring to get their hands on the top tipples. Preservative and additive free, the company uses local malts and hops from America, Belgium, the Czech Republic and as far as field as New Zealand to make their innovatively titled Hop Rocker lager, Punk IPA pale ale and The Physics amber beer.


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DLG Wealth Management's Andy Guzzetti shares the advice every college grad needs to know
The cost of higher education is expensive. College loan debt in the U.S. is reaching new heights, leaving young graduates, co-signers (parents and grandparents) or mature adults enhancing their education, to face the hefty price tag.
Here are the Facts:
• Student loan debt is around $867 billion nationwide.
• Student loan debt, in 2011, surpassed the nation's credit card debt
• The average student loan debt is approximately $25,000 per college graduate
With the economy struggling and unemployment at 9 percent, it is very tough for new, job seeking graduates to achieve jobs earning an income necessary to pay off these loans.
Another area which has been negatively affected by this high Student Loan Debt is the Housing Market. In 2011, the 25-34 year age group bought just 27 percent of the houses, a new low in the past ten years. This has a widespread ripple effect on the entire Housing Market. These 'Would Be' First Time Home Buyers are already in debt which affects their ability to purchase homes put on the market by previous First Time Buyers looking to upgrade.
How can you manage your debt?
As with All Loan situations, always prepare ahead and think before you borrow. Some money-saving options to look at:
• Get an Associate's degree at a local community college and commute to
save money
• If you want a 4 year degree, go to Community college for two years then a public
or private 4 year college to earn your Bachelor's degree
• Apply for Grants and Scholarships
• Go to school part time and work part time
For college graduates, who already have the burden of student loans, make sure you have a budget in place and live within your budget. Research programs that may help eliminate some of your student loan debt, for example teaching in inner city schools.
Do not default on student loan payments or any type of credit. The best way to handle the situation if you are not going to be able to make a payment is to contact the loan administrator and make arrangements. Personal appointments are better than a phone call. Be proactive, before you get a call or letter concerning missing payments.
For more information on College Savings Plans, speak with a financial advisor at DLG Wealth Management today or call 518-348-0060.

subset: commoncrawl


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In memory of
JERRY BEST In loving memory of our dear Husband and Dad who passed away 11 years ago. A warm smile, a heart of gold, The very best this world could hold. Just as you were, you will always be Loved and treasured in our memory. Forever remembered and sadly missed Marilyn, Valerie and family.
As published in the Winnipeg Free Press on June 16, 2012


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Results 11 to 15 of 24
May 25th, 2013 02:07 PM #11
May 25th, 2013 02:10 PM #13Senior Member
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- Dec 2011
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Lawrence is a bit dated, but what's old is new again!
The nicknames you chose freshen it up a bit too!
Go for it!
May 25th, 2013 02:16 PM #15Senior Member
- Join Date
- May 2011
- Posts
- 145
I think you should trust your gut, as your initial instincts seem good. It's a great name!
May 25th, 2013 02:52 PM #17Senior Member
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Mom to Alexander Patrick (9), Madelyn Esther (7), and Genevieve Susan (2). Expecting Theodore James in February 2014!
Baby #4 will be the last for us, so I am kind of sad to be saying goodbye to the beloved names I will now never use! At least I can still come here to encourage others to use them!
Girls: Bridget, Elizabeth, Felicity, Helena, Marianne, Violet, Penelope, Ophelia, Isadora, Victoria
Boys: Theodore, Sebastian, Julian, Everett, Elias, Caspian, Desmond, James, Arthur, Edmund
May 25th, 2013 03:24 PM #19
My husbands grandfather was Lawrence, but I've never thought of it as an old name. We had it on our list for a while before we found other names we liked. I think Larry is the dated part. Lawrence is classic and soft and handsome. If I were to use it, I'd use Ren or Law as nicknames so I think that works great too.
Most importantly, use the name you love no matter what anyone says! It's a handsome name and a handsome combo you've picked. ^_^Mother, Hellenic Pagan Priestess, and Resident Greek name expert ^_^ Call me Dantea, Remy, or Angel
Started my NaNoWriMo novel - Kith nor Kin -- read it here if you'd like and feel free to comment -- http://kithnorkin.wordpress.com/ Chapter 20 is up
Persephone Elysia Willow -- June 5th 2013
TTC #2 by Christmas 2014


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Liberty and Freedom
Imagine the USA taken over by Communists, it could happen.
If the Press, the President and the FBI do Nothing about the March this weekend, then we know they support communism. THIS is a test of our NATION, will be allow Communism to take over? Will you continue to sleep and not realize the evil in our world? They are on the verge starting the anti-war movement known in the 60's, and communists at that time created violence. TAKE A STAND against communism. Also take note of their flag, it is NOT the American Flag. Tea Party people use the American Flag or the Don't tread on me. This flag represents Communism. Written below was copied from the organizing groups' website. Are you mad, angry, frightened?
an organization of 300 or more organizations, some tied to President Obama
The rise of the Tea Party movement and profound disappointment with the slow pace of real change has slapped many people in the face. They are waking up from a post election daze to the realization that it takes a movement to make change happen. In this context, a new initiative called One Nation Working Together has emerged.
The NAACP, 1199 SEIU, the National Council of La Raza, Green for All, Center for Community Change and the United States Student Association initiated this campaign, and more than 150 other national and local groups have already signed on. The growing list of participating organizations includes United for Peace and Justice, Veterans For Peace, Peace Action, US Labor Against the War, Code Pink, Voices for Creative Nonviolence, Progressive Democrats of America, United National Antiwar Committee, National Campaign for Nonviolent Resistance and other peace groups. Labor participation includes the AFL-CIO, AFT, SEIU, CWA, Transport Workers Union, Unite/HERE, UFCW and others. Some of the other national organizations that are part of this effort are: USAction, Rainbow/PUSH Coalition, Campaign for America's Future, National Action Network, Center for American Progress, Jewish Funds for Justice.
The effort will kick off on October 2nd with a march in Washington, DC demanding that Congress and the Obama Administration adopt a peoples' agenda for jobs and economic renewal. The mobilization is intended to be the beginning of an ongoing progressive coalition. With the reach, size and political breadth of the organizing partners, the 10.2.10 mobilization has potential to be huge and the continuing efforts very powerful.
Just some of the Groups that are Communist:
The Peace Table
United for Peace and Justice is convening this process with the following groups:
American Friends Service Committee
American Muslim Association of North America, AMANA
Baltimore Phil Berrigan Memorial Chapter Veterans for Peace
Beaver County (PA) Peace Links
Bethlehem Neighbors for Peace
B-PEP, Black Political Empowerment Project
Brooklyn for Peace
Campaign for Peace & Democracy
Central Jersey Coalition Against Endless War
Coffee House Teachins
Committees of Correspondence for Democracy & Socialism
Community Organizing Center
Defending Dissent Foundation
Delaware Pacem in Terris
Delaware Valley Veterans for America
DelMont Progresive Democrats
Duval Greens Party
Fellowship Of Reconciliation
Friends Committee on National Legislation
Friends of the Third World
Gaza Freedom March
Georgia Peace and Justice Coalition/Atlanta
Give Peace A Chance Coalition
Global Exchange
Greater Lansing Network Against War & Injustice (GLNAWI)
Greater New Haven Peace Council
Green Party of the United States
Hawai'i Institute for Human Rights
Healing Soul of America,Inc.
Historians Against War
Indiana Peace & Justice Network
Institute for Policy Studies/New Internationalism Project
International Socialist Organization
Iraq Veterans Against the War
Just Foreign Policy
Justice Through Music Project, Inc.
Lafayette Area Peace Coalition
Latin American Solidarity Coalition
Lincoln Park Neighbors United for Peace
Logan Square Neighbors for Justice and Peace
Long Island Alliance for Peaceful Alternatives
Louisville Peace Action Community
Maine Green Independent Party
Majority Agenda Project (Boston)
Military Families Speak Out
Mt Diablo Peace and Justice Center
Muslim Alliance in North America
National Assembly to End U.S. Wars and Occupations
National Campaign for Nonviolent Resistance
National Immigrant Solidarity Network
National Network Opposing the Militarization of Youth (NNOMY)
Neighborhood Legal Services Michigan
Network of Spiritual Progressives in MD
Next Step: People with Disabilities for Social & Economic Justice
North Carolina Peace Action
North Country Peace Group
Northeast Connecticut Coalition for Peace and Justice
Northern Virginians for Peace & Justice (NVPJ)
Northern Virginia Greens
Northwest New Jersey Peace Fellowship
Pax Christi USA
Peace Action
Peace Action Manhattan
Peace Action, Main Line, PA
Peace Action Montgomery
Philadelphia Area Black Radical Congress
Pledge of Resistance
Progressive Democrats of America
REMP-Regional Equity
Rockland Coalition for Peace and Justice
School of the Americas Watch
Southern Anti Racism Network (SARN)
St. Louis Instead of War Coalition
Syracuse Peace Council
United for Justice with Peace (Boston)
United National Anti-War Committee
U.S. Campaign to End the Israeli Occupation
U.S. Labor Against the War
U.S. Peace Council
USW Local 1016, Wheatland, PA
Veterans For Peace
VFP Chapter 21 NJ, MFSO Bergen County
Vietnam Veterans Against the War
Voices for Creative Nonviolence
War Resisters League
War Times/Tiempo de Guerras
Washington Peace Center
Western States Legal Foundation
Win Without War
Witness Against Torture
Women's Action for New Directions
Women's International League for Peace & Freedom
On October 2, peace activists will again march on Washington. We will join thousands of civil rights, labor, immigrant rights, environmental and other progressive organizations in a united action. One Nation Working Together is an historic coming together of movements for peace and justice, including the NAACP, 1199 SEIU, National Council of La Raza, Green for All, Center for Community Change, United States Student Association, the AFL-CIO, SEIU, Rainbow PUSH, US Action and hundreds of other organizations
Freedom of speech is protected by our constitution whether or not you like what is being said. In the end we have to make sure we have a bigger march.
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Smith & Wesson makes the finest handguns possible with designs going back to the most famous and collectible guns that Smith & Wesson ever constructed. Each is based on a model known for legendary performance then enhanced with modern advantages. They're the timeless best of both worlds. Smith & Wesson Classic model 57 featuring 6 round capacity, 41 Remington Magnum, double/single action, with 4" or 6" barrel. Pinned red ramp front sight with Micro Adjustable rear sight, checkered square butt walnut grips, and carbon steel barrel and frame material.Also featuring the classic style thumb piece, color case wide spur hammer and color case wide serrated target trigger. These revolvers have a choice of bright blue or bright nickel finish.


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Our Romford based DV247 Retail Superstore has served as a musical hub for the UK and the Greater London and Essex music scenes since its opening in Romford (initially in Chadwell Heath and moving to its Romford home in 2008). With an unrivalled volume and variety of stock available to try out and compare – all sold at our competitor-shaming PriceBeat rates – we're proud to specialise in the sale of guitar & bass, pro audio & synth, PA & live and DJ equipment, with dedicated areas for each discipline allowing you to zone out and get to grips with your next potential purchase.
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Intermittent lane closures began Tuesday, July 21 along Gulf of Mexico Drive between North Shore Drive and the north end of the Longboat Pass Bridge.
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Paint the town red and green
This year, we won't just be on the lookout for the most festive holiday lights on the Key. We'll be on the prowl for anything that embodies the happiness of the holidays with our new "Spirit of the Season" contest. -
Pettingell tradition is as sweet as pie
For the sixth consecutive year, Pettingell delivered pies from Yoder's Restaurant in Sarasota to his customers at Thanksgiving. -
Former Key Club manager takes on new role
Former Longboat Key Club & Resort General Manager Michael Welly has a new gig.


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TOT Stadium Chaeng Watthana
Categories: Local Destinations > Parks & Zoos
Address: Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Thung Song Hong, Laksi, Bangkok 10210 Thailand See map
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TOT Stadium Chaeng Watthana is a stadium in Bangkok, Thailand. It is currently used for football matches and is the home stadium of TOT-CAT of the Thai Premier League. The stadium holds 5,000 spectators and is sometimes used as an outdoor venue for concerts and other musical events.
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Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Thung Song Hong, Laksi, Bangkok 10210 Thailand
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Clark College is Open Today
Clark College is open today (Thursday, December 12, 2013).
This includes the main campus and Clark College at Columbia Tech Center.
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95 Ocean At The Nonantum Resort
Online Reservations
Ambience was superb with water views from every table, and comfortable (not overwhelming) entertainment, Dinner was everything we hoped for, and at a bargain price if you get their nightly special. We started with excellent cocktails, HUGE order of mussels (we had Thai-style), then baked lazy-man's lobster with more lobster and less stuffing, and, of course, dessert that was easily large enough for two. Chef came around to tables and actually was willing to talk, rather than just a quick "thanks for coming, have a good meal" (and the whole staff was pretty attentive as well). It's not a loud bistro, but it's ideal if (like us) you're on a vacation looking for an excellent, relaxing meal. We'll definitely eat there again.
We had a Dine Around coupon, which worked great, because they don't limit the days or months you can use it. Helpful! It was our 33rd anniversary, and we wanted to go somewhere with some ambience and good food. We were there kind of early for a Friday evening (6PM) and had made a reservation, so got immediate seating. Had a table close to seeing the K-bunk River (relaxing, but a little close to the piano player who was wonderful, but it was difficult to talk over the music- I would prefer the piano a little further removed from the actual dining!) Food was great, service was good, and altogether a nice experience.
The food was good, the music was very enjoyable. The weather, not so good!
We had a very nice birthday dinner. I had the haddock and my husband had the lobster(NE Boiled Dinner). The food was yummy, but I was a little surprised when we ordered dessert, the blueberry pie was much more like a tart. Very flat with not much fruit, no top crust, certainly not what I was expecting from the state of Maine and their wonderful blueberries!
It was very good. However, they had a large private function at the same time which put a lot of stress on the help. My guess is it would have been even better without the private function. Nice menu. Good value
The Tuesday night lazy man lobster special and blueberry crumbpie dessert were superb. We dined in the room overlooking the ocean. It was a great view. Nonantum is a very nice, well-kept, older hotel with beautiful grounds.
We were seated in the back room with a view of the grounds and water. Pleasantly surprised with the music. The band played all genre of music. Food was good. Service pretty good, but server never removed bread basket from table before, or during dessert. Over all I would give it an "A"
The views are good from all tables at 95 Ocean, very pretty sunset the night that we were there... Waitstaff was attentive and present at appropriate times (shout out to Samantha!). The food was exceptional. Although noted for their mussels, we decided to try the BBQ Duck Flatbread Pizza as an appetizer and, if you were lucky enough to get the "perfect bite" of duck confit, goat cheese, scallions, and blueberry maple chipotle sauce, it was heaven! For main courses, we went with the Blueberry Chipotle Ribs (messy, but deliciously seasoned) and the Open Face Lobster Lasagna (with nice chunks of lobster and ricotta in every bite). Of special note was the side dish of Cheddar and Jalapeno Grits that came with the ribs, a meal in itself!
The food was very good, the staff was very good, the view was very good. What more do you need to know?
I had the daily special of a shore dinner for $20.13,including chowder,mussels.corn on cob,lobster, and mashed potato.An outstanding value. My husband had the baked stuffed lobster and said it was one of the best he ever had and he has had many. Waitress Pam was very nice and accomadating. Not a romantic setting, but definitely a good choice for a nice yet casual meal.
We got lucky and just happened to be dining at 95 Ocean on Sunday evening which happens to be their Lobster special. It was amazing - especially the fish chowder which was loaded with lobster and fresh fish and all fresh, fresh, fresh! Then came the 1 1/4 lb. lobster served with fresh corn on the cob and steamed mussels. The mussels had been steamed in white wine and garlic and were cooked perfectly. It was the BEST meal we had on our entire vacation. We would drive back to Kennebunkport just to eat that amazing chowder. Clearly, 95 Ocean has some well experienced and talented culinarians in their kitchen. Go, you won't be disappointed. By the way, did I mention that the special including the chowder was $20 - what a deal!
I have been to a few restaurants and have order lobster before, but at this one the server gave us so many tips on how to open it and what parts to eat and not eat etc. She was really nice and took her time with us which made us feel welcome and not awkward as we were our bibs! Glad we came here for our Maine lobster experience!
We had the scallops, halibut(special), and haddock, all very good. Nice guitar music. Not overpriced.
Fine food and service overlooking the wide lawn riverside where children played admonition and roasted marshmallows. Lovely music both inside and out by the fire. Will remain always as a memory of the perfect summer evening!
This restaurant is part of the Nonantum Hotel on the river in Kennebunkport. Generally speaking, I have found restaurants in hotels to be lacking but 95 Ocean was a nice find. My "companions" raved about their meals (seafood and filet mignon)...mine was good but not great and it was probably my menu choice. I ordered a seafood medley in a marinara sauce which was a bit bland. Other than that, everything was great...good service, fabulous view of the river...I would certainly go again and recommend it to other visitors to Kpt.
The food here is surprisingly good. While the hotel property is quite old and the rooms quite small, the restaurant will get a return visit if we ever come back to the area. The noise levels are terrible given the smallness of the room and the low ceilings without any sound absorbing materials. The service is mostly by young students, they are okay, but often overwhelmed. But the food, lobster, and especially the cowboy cajun ribeye and big and delightful surprise.
The three course wine pairing special was great. Both the food and the wine pairings were superb. This was a really good deal
We had a great evening of dining at 95 Ocean. We were not rushed and were well taken care of by the host and our waitress. The food was superb. We really enjoyed our special evening and will return. We thank 95 Ocean for making our 38 Anniversary a memorable one.
This was the last restaurant I went to on my New England vacation. The restaurant space could use better atmosphere. However, we were there after dark so it is probably better during the daylight to see the water view. That said, the service was very good and the food was also very good. The date/chorizo/bacon appetizer was great. There was a second room with live music. The room I was in was fairly empty (but it was Labor Day night).
Beth is a gracious server who brings joy to each meal. Timing and food, perfection. harvest moon, priceless ;)
My wife and I dined at 95 Ocean because of their support for No Kids Hungry and we had a delicious meal and enjoyed the wonderful staff at the restaurant and resort hotel. We were impressed with the personal attention each patron received and the food was incredible -- Angus beef, lamb and pork meat loaf and the Topaz appetizer were top notch! We'll be back.
have always brought guests here, this time it was all family and we had another terrific meal with wonderful conversation. Music is lovely and perfect volume
We chose this restaurant because we were staying at the Nonantum Resort. So glad we did! My husband is a lifelong lobster lover and he chose the stuffed lobster. It was the Best Ever! I enjoyed the Atlantic Haddock, also Best Ever. Wish this restaurant was closer to home. The view also needs mention. It is a beautiful sight, to watch the boats come in after a day of sailing. Wonderful!
We decided to have a family dinner at the Nonantum and enjoyed the time and the food here. My daughter has a 1-3-0 drink and one thing everyone should do is find out why its called 1-3-0......ask your wautress!the view can't be beat and you can linger here to soak up the atmosphere and really be part of where a lot of people can recall memories and share good times. The food is varied and prepared perfectly, the staff is friendly and you seldom pass an employee who does not say hello or something positive, Good place to create memories
Food was very good, especially the lobster cakes...outstanding


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NFB webdoc BEAR 71 named 2012 FWA Site of the Year
The National Film Board of Canada (NFB) interactive documentary Bear 71 (nfb.ca/bear71) has received one of the Web's highest honours: the Favourite Website Awards (FWA) Site of the Year.
From May 13-15, the Biosphère Environment Museum is inviting nature lovers to the free Let's Hear It for the Birds event, as part of the 2011 Travel and Outdoor Festival.
Send us your news and events, get social with us, or become a contributor, and be part of Canada's Environmental Social Network
NFB webdoc BEAR 71 named 2012 FWA Site of the Year
The National Film Board of Canada (NFB) interactive documentary Bear 71 (nfb.ca/bear71) has received one of the Web's highest honours: the Favourite Website Awards (FWA) Site of the Year.
Why Canada is finally distancing itself from asbestos mining and exporting
Canadians can start to be proud of their government again. One of the worst environmental stains in the country's history has been removed.
Nettoyeur Ecologique Royal makes the grade for eco-friendly dry cleaning
Nettoyeur Ecologique Royal, an eco-friendly dry-cleaning business in Montreal, is the first company in the province to pass a comprehensive green audit and achieve the Institute's "Green Business Certification."
Science Rendezvous, May 12th 2012
Science Rendezvous is an annual festival celebrating Canadian science, hosted by the country's top universities and research institutes Science Rendezvous takes science the the streets! From the chemistry of ice-cream to the physics of rock and roll, Science Rendezvous has something for everyone! Spend a Saturday (May 12th 2012) exploring the wonders of science and getting your hands dirty experimenting side-by-side with Canada's leading scientists – Science Rendezvous is where people and science meet!
Francophone institution gains recognition for its environmental & wildlife management program
The Cégep de Saint-Félicien is proud to announce that it has become the first francophone educational institution in the country to receive national recognition from the Canadian Environmental Accreditation Commission (CEAC) of the Environmental Careers Organization (ECO) Canada for its program inTechniques du milieu naturel (environmental and wildlife management).
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GA, Atlanta, 5555 Cross Gate Ct NW, 30327
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Layoffs At 'Tonight Show' As Leno Takes Pay Cut
NBC Universal is laying off between 20 and 25 staff members from the 'Tonight Show', according to a report in the Los Angeles Times Sunday.
Wahaha Eyes United Biscuits' GBP520 Million Snack Business - Report
Chinese food and beverage firm Wahaha is in the lead to buy United Biscuits' KP Snacks business for 520 million pounds ($816 million), The Sunday Telegraph reports.
RWE CEO Can't Rule Out Job Losses Over Next Decade - Report
The chief executive of German utility RWE AG (RWE.XE) can't rule out job cuts over the next 11 years due to the current economic turmoil, according to an interview to be published in Monday's edition of Handelsblatt.
Netflix To Attempt Outbidding BSkyB For Movie Rights - Report
U.S. film-streaming service Netflix Inc. (NFLX) will attempt to outbid British Sky Broadcasting Group PLC (BSY.LN) in securing the premium rights to movies from Hollywood's six biggest studios, the Sunday Telegraph reports.
Diageo Close to Buying Jose Cuervo For $3 Billion - Report
U.K. drink maker Diageo PLC (DGE.LN) is close to a deal to buy the Jose Cuervo tequila business from Mexico's Beckmann family for about $3 billion, the Sunday Times reports.
VW Labor Chief Doesn't Support Further Acquisitions - Report
Volkswagen AG's (VOW.XE) labor chief rejects further acquisitions by the car maker in the foreseeable future, according to a pre-released interview for Monday's edition of business daily Handelsblatt.
Investor Questions Standard Chartered Over $340 Million Fine - Report
One of Standard Chartered PLC's (STAN.LN) key U.K. investors has questioned the bank's decision to pay a $340 million fine for suspect Iranian dollar trades, despite insisting that the claims against it were flawed, the Sunday Telegraph reported.
Anglo American Nears Chile Deal - Report
Anglo American PLC (AAL.LN) is closing in on a deal to hand a stake in the Los Bronces project over to Chile at a discount of several billion dollars later this week, U.K. newspaper The Sunday Times reports.
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Received June 18, 2007; revised October 9, 2007; accepted October 10, 2007. Dr. Hull is affiliated with the Medical Humanities Department at Southern Illinois University and the Community Health Sciences Department at Northeastern Ohio University College of Medicine and Pharmacy. Dr. DiLalla is affiliated with the Department of Family and Community Medicine at Southern Illinois University. Dr. Dorsey is the Dean and Provost at Southern Illinois University School of Medicine. Please address correspondence to Sharon K. Hull, M.D., M.P.H., Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Community Health Science, Northeastern Ohio University College of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown, OH 44272; firstname.lastname@example.com (e-mail).
Copyright © 2008 Academic Psychiatry
Objective: The authors studied the prevalence of health-promoting and health-risking behaviors among physicians and physicians-in-training. Given the significant potential for negative outcomes to physicians' own health as well as the health and safety of their patients, examination of the natural history of this acculturation process about physician self-care and wellness is critical to the improvement of the western health care delivery system. Methods: 963 matriculating medical students, residents, or attending physicians completed the Empathy, Spirituality, and Wellness in Medicine (ESWIM) survey between the years 2000 and 2004. Items specific to physician wellness were analyzed. These included healthy behaviors as well as risk behaviors. Results: Both medical students and attending physicians scored higher in overall wellness than did residents. Residents were the lowest scoring group for getting enough sleep, using seatbelts, and exercising. Medical students were more likely to smoke tobacco and drink alcohol. Medical students reported less depression and anxiety and more social contacts. Conclusion: Medical school training may prevent students from maintaining healthy behaviors, so that by the time they are residents they exercise less, sleep less, and spend less time in organizational activities outside of medical school. If physicians do not engage in these healthy behaviors, they are less likely to encourage such behaviors in their patients and patients are less likely to listen to them even if they do talk about it.
"Physician heal thyself." This directive presents a significant challenge for persons entering the field of medicine. Acculturation into the profession includes tacit inculcation of many beliefs (1), including the idea that physicians should not become ill, and if they do, that they should continue working anyway. Physicians take these lessons to heart and are less likely than others to take sick leave (2), to have their own personal physician, and to undergo routine preventive screening tests they frequently recommend for others (3). Although they tend to die at later ages than the general population (4), physicians have higher rates of depression (3, 4), suicide attempts and completed suicide (5), and substance abuse (6).
Negative mood has been shown to impact doctors' ability to be empathetic with patients (7), and job dissatisfaction has been linked to difficulties in providing quality, accessible health care to patients (8). Physician sleep deprivation, substance abuse, anxiety and depression have been implicated as factors contributing to medical errors and inadequate patient safety (9, 10), and extended trainee work hours result in higher rates of work-related injuries and motor vehicle accidents among residents in training (11, 12).
Given the significant potential for negative outcomes to physicians' own health and to the health and safety of their patients, examination of the natural history of this acculturation process about physician self-care and wellness is critical to quality health care. Health and health risk behaviors as well as beliefs about self-care and treatment represent a significant part of the formation of professional identity for physicians. Assessing the development of related behavior patterns and beliefs over the continuum of medical training is important for the development of adequate education and support strategies for those entering and already in the profession.
The aim of this cross-sectional study is to describe the prevalence of health-promoting and health-risking behaviors among physicians and physicians-in-training, with particular attention to prevalence of healthy and unhealthy behaviors by gender, age, and level of training.
Between 2001 and 2004, alumni, faculty, matriculating students, and residents affiliated with a midwestern medical school were surveyed by mail. Alumni, faculty, and residents were surveyed during the first year of data collection. New matriculants were surveyed in the summer of each year, so entering students across 4 years were included in this study. All alumni for whom addresses could be found were sent surveys. Faculty included only clinical faculty who were practicing physicians, and therefore they were combined with alumni as a single group of "attending physicians." Previous analyses have shown that there was no difference between alumni and faculty on the survey factors of Empathy, Tolerance, Wellness, or Spirituality (13). Because wellness behaviors were the focus of the present project, these two groups were combined for our analyses.
Follow-up reminders were sent to encourage survey completion. Informed consent was implied by participants' completion and return of the survey instrument. Details of subject recruitment and survey methodology have been reported previously (13). This study was reviewed and approved by the institution's Committee on Research in Human Subjects.
Survey recipients included 2341 subjects, comprised of 1151 alumni, 274 faculty, 360 matriculating students, and 556 residents. Matriculating students completed the survey during the summer prior to matriculation or immediately after arrival at medical school. A total of 1037 respondents (44.3%) completed the survey, including 550 alumni (47.8%), 123 faculty (44.9%), 266 matriculants (73.9%), and 98 residents (17.6%). Respondents with missing data for race/ethnicity (N=167) and gender (N=2) were dropped from analyses because these were major variables in our final adjusted analysis. The final analyses for this article after dropping these respondents included 962 individuals, comprised of matriculating medical students (N=248), residents (N=96), or attending physicians (N=618).
The focus of this article is the Empathy, Spirituality, and Wellness in Medicine wellness scale (13), which includes self-reported Likert-type items describing satisfaction with career, personal health, and work or training, as well as questions about frequency of tobacco and alcohol use. Responses were rated on a Likert-type scale from 1–5, with 1 representing "always," 2 representing "most of the time," 3 representing "sometimes," 4 representing "rarely," and 5 representing "never." Although the Wellness scale has demonstrated sufficient reliability (Cronbach alpha = 0.59), the focus of the present article was on individual items reflecting health and wellness behaviors. Group differences have previously been demonstrated for the overall Wellness factor (13), with men scoring higher than women and medical students scoring higher than residents, alumni, and clinical faculty. This article further explored these findings by examining individual items related to health behaviors.
Health-risking behaviors included alcohol and tobacco use and measures of frequency for feeling "depressed or sad" and "anxious or stressed." The item regarding alcohol use asked respondents to describe the frequency with which they consume more than three alcoholic beverages in a 4-hour period during an average week. This definition approximates standardized definitions of binge drinking, which has been described as four or more drinks in a row for women and five or more drinks in a row for men (14).
Health-promoting behaviors included degree of social connectedness (15) as well as satisfaction with career choice and work (16, 17). Responses to two items, "having at least one person with whom to discuss major life events" and "belonging to a nonmedical organization," addressed social connectedness. Two other items, "satisfied with choice of careers" and "find fulfillment in school or work" addressed career satisfaction. Respondents were also asked to report the frequency with which they exercised 30 minutes or more, with which they "got enough sleep" and with which they used seat belts.
All Likert-type items were examined as both continuous and dichotomous variables, with no significant differences in the analysis. Dichotomous results (agrees or strongly agrees versus all others) are presented here for the sake of clarity. Analyses were conducted using training level as the independent variable (matriculating medical students, residents, and attending physicians). Dependent variables were responses to items relevant to health and wellness behaviors, connectedness, and work satisfaction. Among demographic characteristics, age was stratified based on size of groups; since only 10 physicians were age 60 or older, the age of 55 and older (with 27 respondents) was felt to be the appropriate cutoff for analysis. Descriptive statistics were examined for sociodemographic characteristics, and Likert-type items were analyzed using unadjusted (bivariate) logistic regression. Multivariate logistic regression was then conducted, controlling for the potential confounders of gender and race. All data were analyzed using Stata statistical software, version 9.2. Statistical significance was determined using a two-tailed p value of 0.05.
Respondents were grouped as either matriculants (25.8%), residents (10.0%), or attending physicians (64.2%). For matriculants, 47.6% were male with mean age 24.1 (range=20–50); for residents, 54.8% were male with mean age 30.7 (range=25–44); and for attending physicians, 68.8% were males with mean age 43.2 (range=27–82). 84.5% of the sample self-reported their ethnicity as "white, non-Hispanic," with "Asian or Pacific Islander" the next most frequent at 7.0%, and this was comparable across groups (Table 1 ).
The mean overall wellness factor score among all respondents was 3.7 (range 2.4, 4.7; SD = 0.5). Multivariate analysis showed medical students to be nearly three times more likely than attending physicians (OR 2.8, 95% CI 2.0–3.8) and over four times more likely than residents (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–1.0) to score above the overall mean (Table 2 ).
Most participants were satisfied with their personal health (77.4%), with no statistically significant difference for this variable among the three groups in either bivariate or multivariate analyses. Exercise at least twice a week was reported by 69.7% of respondents. Adjusted logistic regression revealed that medical students were over twice as likely as attending physicians (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.8–3.8) and nearly three times as likely as residents (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.6–1.4) to exercise at this modest level. Adjusted logistic regression revealed that the difference in getting "enough sleep" between residents and attending physicians was statistically significant (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2–0.5) whereas that between medical students and residents was not. Adjusted multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant difference in appropriate seatbelt use between residents and attending physicians (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.8), but not between medical students and residents.
Stratified analysis of all individual health-promoting behavior items revealed no statistically significant differences among subgroups based on gender or age groups. Further analysis revealed a nearly linear relationship between age and predicted mean overall Wellness factor score (p<0.01), with increasing age associated with higher wellness scores. Residents in general (p<0.0001) and female residents in particular (p<0.0001) had the lowest probability of scoring above the study population mean for overall wellness.
Smokers comprised 7.4% of the population, with no statistically significant differences between the three groups found in bivariate analysis (Table 1 and Table 2 ). Multivariate analysis suggested that medical students were nearly twice as likely as attending physicians (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.4) to smoke at least once weekly, but no statistically significant difference between medical students and residents was noted. Stratified analysis of tobacco use revealed that the predictive probability of using tobacco decreased with increasing training level (p<0.05), and that women in general were far less likely than men to report tobacco use (p<0.0001) (Figure 1 ). Men in the 25- to 34-year-old age group were most likely to report tobacco use of any kind, with a predicted probability of 0.18 that they would use tobacco (p<0.0001).
Drinking behavior differed by training and gender. Among all respondents, 22.1% reported drinking more than three alcoholic beverages within a 4-hour period at least once weekly, with medical students nearly four times as likely as attending physicians (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.7–5.6) and over six times as likely as residents (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.3–1.3) to report heavy drinking. Stratified analysis of alcohol use revealed that nearly one quarter of those who reported drinking heavily did so 2–6 times weekly (Figure 1 ). Residents were least likely, and medical students most likely, to report heavy levels of drinking (p<0.0001). This prevalence pattern held up across genders, but women in general were less likely to report heavy drinking patterns than were men (p<0.0001). Both men and women in the under-25-year-old age group were the most likely to report such levels, with men in this age group having an adjusted probability of heavy drinking of 0.56, and women of 0.30 (p<0.0001).
Reported feelings of depression were more common among residents and attendings than entering medical students. In multivariate analysis, medical students were half as likely (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.7) as attending physicians to report this finding. Stratified analysis of depressed mood revealed that residents were most likely to report frequent feelings of sadness or depression regardless of gender (adjusted probability 0.38), but that female residents had an adjusted probability of 0.55 for having frequent depressed feelings, compared to male residents at 0.24, and to all other groups (p<0.0001). When the population was stratified by both age and gender, the oldest physicians, 55 years old and older, had among the highest probabilities of reporting depression, at 0.49 for both males and females. Only females between the ages of 25 and 34 were higher, at an adjusted probability of 0.52 (p<0.001).
Feeling "anxious" or "stressed" was common in this population, with 74.4% reporting these feelings "more than rarely," or a 1, 2, or 3 on the Likert scale. The final adjusted regression showed medical students were half as likely as attendings (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.6) to report these feelings "more than rarely," with no statistically significant difference between the likelihood of residents (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4–1.2) to do so compared with either of the other two groups. Stratified analysis of anxious mood states revealed no statistically significant differences in this variable based on gender or age groups.
Respondents to this survey reported high levels of social connectedness (Table 1 ). Adjusted multivariate regression analysis showed that medical students were far more likely than attending physicians to have someone with whom they could discuss major events (OR 11.6, 95% CI 1.6–86.5), but no significant difference was found between medical students and residents or residents and attendings for this item. Medical students were more likely than attendings (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–2.7) to belong to a nonmedical organization, but no other group differences were found. For the aggregate social connectedness item, medical students were more likely than attendings (OR 6.8, 95% CI 1.6–28.7) and residents less likely than medical students (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–1.0) to exhibit a high degree of overall social connectedness. No statistically significant differences based on gender or age groups were found for any of these items.
The level of career satisfaction in our study population was also relatively high. Medical students were significantly more likely than attendings (OR 11.6, 95% CI 3.6–37.2) and residents (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.5–2.1) to report high career satisfaction. Medical students were three times as likely as attendings (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.2–7.9) and six times as likely as residents (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–1.0) to report finding fulfillment in school or work; they were nearly seven times as likely as attendings (OR 6.8, 95% CI 1.6–28.7) and over 13 times as likely as residents (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–1.0) to exhibit a high degree of overall career satisfaction (Table 2 ).
The goal of this project was to describe the prevalence of health related behaviors at various levels of medical training and to explore the relationship between sociodemographic variables and these findings. Because of findings showing increased rates of depression, suicide, and substance abuse among physicians (3–6), it is important to begin to examine the prevalence of these and other related wellness behaviors in the medical community. Overall, we found that matriculating medical students scored highest on the Wellness factor from the Empathy, Spirituality, and Wellness in Medicine (ESWIM) survey. Medical students were more satisfied with their career choice, were more likely to belong to nonmedical organizations, exercised more regularly, and reported getting more sleep on a regular basis. Residents and attending physicians reported lower scores on these variables and attending physicians reported feeling more stressed or anxious. These results are consistent with the interpretation that students are healthier prior to beginning medical school and that less healthy behaviors become evident by the time they begin residency. However, this is not a longitudinal study, and no inferences about causation may be made from these data.
Matriculating medical students were the most satisfied with their choice of career, followed by residents and then by attendings, suggesting that satisfaction may decline with experience in the career. It is important, however, to note that overall satisfaction was high for all groups. Of course, matriculating students could only report on satisfaction based on expectations because they had not yet had any experience being a physician, and so their responses were theoretical. Residents and attending physicians were able to report satisfaction based on actual experiences. Students should (and did) score especially high because they were excited about beginning their medical career.
Matriculating medical students reported lower levels of depression and were more likely to have someone with whom to share major life events, which is encouraging because the social demographics in the United States are showing an alarming decrease in the number of confidants for adults in general, but also is consistent with data showing that confidant network size decreases with age (18). Matriculants also reported being less stressed. This is predictable given that they completed the Empathy, Spirituality, and Wellness in Medicine survey at entry into training, so the major stressors that accompany medical school had not yet begun for them. However, this study is not longitudinal and does not address the question of when depressed feelings become more common or cause dysfunction. Nonetheless, these results suggest that it would be advantageous to provide easy access to counseling for students who become depressed or anxious or who lose social contacts during training. Other studies have shown that depression and suicide are uncharacteristically high for medical students (19). Therefore, our findings that depressed feelings are even higher among residents and attendings suggest that this is a very important area for continued study.
Both tobacco and alcohol use were more common among entering medical students than among older and more experienced medical persons. This trend is consistent with the overall U.S. trend showing that tobacco use and binge drinking decline with age (20). Thus, although medical training is stressful, it does not appear that residents and attendings commonly turn to drinking alcoholic beverages or to smoking to relieve that stress.
Health-supporting behaviors were most common for matriculating medical students and least common among residents, probably because matriculating students had more time for such things as sleep, exercise, and social connections at the time that they completed the surveys. It should be noted that medical students' responsibilities for studying (though not for taking call until later in their training) and their increased propensity for engaging in alcohol use may contribute to less time for sleep. Sufficient time for these behaviors decreases dramatically in residency and remains low after entering practice. These data were collected prior to the advent of the 80-hour work rule for residents, which was implemented in 2003. It is possible that residents since that time have more personal time for engaging in social activities and healthier behaviors than those residents completing this survey. We also found that these behaviors were related to decreased depression and anxiety, suggesting that residents and attendings may be at greater risk for these psychological problems in part as a function of their decreased time for healthy behaviors. There is evidence that residents are particularly receptive to training about these issues (21). It is also possible that people who are less depressed and anxious make time for these behaviors, and that residents and attendings are more depressed and anxious as a function of their job.
Wellness behaviors and perceptions may have a direct impact on the quality of care that physicians provide their patients. Physicians who live healthier lifestyles have been found to be more likely to discuss these lifestyles with their patients and to encourage their patients to behave in healthier ways (3, 22). Also, Frank and colleagues (23) found that matriculating medical students reported being more likely to believe that it was important to counsel future patients about exercise if they themselves were actively involved in an exercise regimen. Thus, wellness activities among medical professionals clearly are important both for themselves and for their patients.
From stratified analyses, it appears that female residents may be at risk for lowest overall wellness, although males are at higher risk for tobacco and alcohol use than females, with the highest-risk group being male medical school matriculants. Female residents, followed by attending physicians of both genders, are at risk for more frequent episodes of feeling depressed or sad (Figure 1 ).
Although nearly 75% of matriculating medical students completed the Empathy, Spirituality, and Wellness in Medicine survey, only about 50% of attending physicians and less than 20% of residents did so. It is possible that the most anxious, depressed, or unhealthy residents and physicians chose not to complete the questionnaire, although their inclusion would be expected to yield larger group differences than we already see. In addition, the respondents across all groups were primarily white, making it possible that these results will not apply to other populations. Because the survey data are self-reported, these data are subject to both recall and rater bias. The medical students and residents were affiliated with a single medical school, and it would be illuminating to determine whether similar results arise for students from different geographical and learning backgrounds. Relationships between health-promoting behaviors, health-risk behaviors, and age or maturity may confound the cohort-based analysis of both individual items and of the Wellness Scale itself. Because we did not analyze nonrespondents, the potential that there are group differences between those who did and those who did not complete the survey is possible. The percentage of male respondents was higher among attending physicians than among the other groups, perhaps reflecting a cohort effect based on more recent entry of women into the physician workforce in larger numbers. Finally, these data are cross-sectional rather than longitudinal and no inferences may be made about causation or time of onset for health-promoting or health-risking behaviors from this analysis.
The findings from this study demonstrate that matriculating medical students overall engage in healthier behaviors than do residents or attending physicians, except for slightly increased tobacco use and binge-type drinking. It is possible that the rigors of medical school training prevent students from continuing these healthy behaviors, so that by the time they are residents they exercise less, sleep less, and spend less time in social activities outside of medical school. If physicians do not engage in these healthy behaviors, they are less likely to encourage such behaviors in their patients (3, 21), patients are less likely to listen to them even if they do talk about it (24), and students they train are more likely to exhibit anger, depression and anxiety (25), perpetuating the cycle. Addressing the highest-risk groups, especially those illustrated in the stratified analysis (Figure 1 ), may be particularly useful in targeting interventions with the highest chance for successful behavior change. For the sake of both doctors and their patients, it is essential to address the importance of wellness, prevention, and self-care measures for physicians during medical training and throughout their careers.
Funding for this study was provided in part by an award from the National Institute for Healthcare Research.
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