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Despite our population less than 500,000 people, we have one the world's best small orchestra's in the Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra. Most communities have regional theatres and you can check the local daily papers while you are visiting. Remember, too, that we have Australia's oldest lyric theatre in Hobart – The Theatre Royal.
Get Ready Australia – ABBA THE CONCERT "The GOLD ARRIVAL Tour" has landed in Australia.
Get ready Australia – ABBA The Concert 'The GOLD ARRIVAL Tour' has landed.
The Theatre Royal presents a thissideup production Controlled Falling Project.
Cultural and historical festival including exhibitions, tours, displays, workshops and performances.
Andrew McKinnon and Phil Bathols present Admission One Shilling
Dave's observational humour and genuine humility make him truly good-spirited fun.
Dave's observational humour and genuine humility make him truly good-spirited fun.
Inspiring story of one of Britain's best loved pianists Dame Myra Hess.
The Old Nick Company Presents 2014 Uni Revue The Habbott, An Elected Journey.
Handel's Messiah is chock-a-block with great choruses.


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After over 10 years of working with BedandBreakfast.com, our beloved colleague Janice Hurley left our office in Austin to move to Waitsfield, Vermont and be the Director of Operations at The Inn at Round Barn Farm. This BedandBreakfast.com Diamond Collection inn is already highly rated, but Janice has nothing but amazing things to say about her experience there. We wanted to learn more about the luxurious B&B and its unusual history, so we interviewed AnneMarie Defreest, the owner and innkeeper. We hope you enjoy learning about her unique B&B as much as we did!
Emily Gerson: AnneMarie, when did you open your inn?
Anne Marie DeFreest: We bought it in 1986 and opened in 1987. We've been doing it for over 25 years.
EG: You've been doing this for a long time! What do you like about your job?
AD: What I love about my job is that there are good days and there are bad days, but there are never boring days.
EG: With that said, what is it like being an innkeeper?
AD: It's one of the only careers where you can get a glimpse into peoples' lives in a very short time, because with a great facility, most people that come there are arriving with an expectation that they're going to be able to relax and have a good time. You are able to interact with people who are traveling with a certain kind of mindset that makes the days really pleasurable in terms of what we provide. Our particular inn has always functioned on a philosophy that we always try to deliver more than we promise, so to watch people come and be very pleasantly surprised because our marketing materials, whether websites or brochures, usually understates the property itself. That's a very conscious decision on our part, so it's nice to have people say, "Wow, it's so much more amazing than I thought it would be!"EG: I saw that your inn has amenities like in-room fireplaces, big tubs, and other luxurious features. What made you decide to have a luxurious B&B instead of something more standard?
AD: When we first opened, we only had six rooms. The largest rooms had single-person whirlpool bathrooms and king-sized beds. Back in 1986, to open an inn renovated to have private bathrooms was not the norm. We were the first one in the valley to offer private bathrooms for everyone, let alone whirlpool tubs. What we quickly learned in the first three years is that the largest, most luxurious rooms sold first.
As we expanded, we also expanded the amenity offerings, whether steam showers (which were one of the first inns to have), gas fireplaces, jetted tubs, really great bedding, or furnishings that were unique and not cookie-cutter. We were really giving people a lodging experience or getaway experience that was more unique in style and décor but also very fitting for the architected that we were working with, which was an 1810 farmhouse. We were very committed to restoring things as well as keeping what I'm going to call 'a sense of place' about the building.
EG: Can you explain what you mean by "a sense of place"?
AD: There are a lot of inns that you walk into, or buildings, and you can get a sense of place, like you know where you are. If you were to walk into an 1810 farmhouse and see more modern, what I'm going to say, completely contemporary look, is not in character in when the building was built. It's about remaining true to the history of the building.
There are a lot of inns that were built from the ground up. What they're doing is picking the type of architecture. So when you build, you build what style architecture and you fit into a landscape. But it's different when you are preserving a piece of history; the B&B industry is the single largest industry that has done more for historic preservation than any single industry. In our particular case, our entire property is on the National Register for Historic Places, so we were very conscious of that. When we were restoring the farmhouse into a B&B, we made sure we didn't lose the historical significance and sense of place that somebody feels when they walk in the door. They know they're in a farmhouse built 200 years ago that's 16,000 square feet, and you can imagine what the farms went through.
EG: Along the same lines, why do you prefer B&Bs over hotels?
AD: You should stay at B&B instead of a hotel because each B&B is a reflection of the innkeeper's value system and personality. If that is something that interests you, then you should stay there. There are the obvious things, such as how B&Bs are a great value. You don't get nickeled and dimed for WiFi and afternoon snacks and services. You have a person that is hosting you who has made a conscious decision that that's what they want to be doing for their occupation. You're getting the best local travel and restaurants tips. There's a personal touch and insiders opinion.
Most inns are either run by the owner or very, very dedicated staff because it's not an easy business, nor an easy career to do well. So the energy levels have a tendency to be more filled with joy and real genuine desire to help and serve the guests. In a hotel, a lot of times it's hit or miss depending on how well the staff is trained and how they value the jobs. The inn has a more intimate atmosphere; you can't get away that as much at a huge hotel.
EG: That's a great way to put it. What made you choose this town and this particular property?
AD: I'm a second-generation innkeeper. My parents bought the farm, and I came to join them about three months before they opened. We chose that particular area because we vacationed up there for years because we ski. It's home to Sugar Bush and Mad River Glen ski areas. Because of the winter activities, such as downhill and cross country skiing, and the culture available in that area, we chose Waitsfield.
It's also one of the most sophisticated yet underdeveloped communities in Vermont, meaning there's no fast food restaurants. The closest McDonald's is 38 miles away! There are also no traffic lights in town. In fact, the definition of traffic is having to wait before you can drive through the one-lane covered bridge. It's a very special unique community; it's very agriculturally grounded. There are a lot of microfarms here--a lot of specialty food producers. It's quintessential Vermont. When someone uses the word Vermont, most people conjure up their own image of what Vermont means, and Waitsfield is the epitome of Vermont.
EG: How did you and your parents get started once you bought the farm? Did they already have innkeeping experience?
AD: My parents had no experience in the innkeeping industry either, but they had a retail flower shop. It helps if you can understand what it takes to run a small business, which we did. We had a small family business that has grown—my brother is now one of the largest flower growers in the world. For this Valentine's Day, he brought over 11 million roses; he was the second largest importer of flowers brought into the U.S.! He and I are both business owners. He followed the floral industry, and I got into the hospitality industry.
I believe my training growing up in a family business that was service-based, even for retail, was the best training I could have asked for. There are many people you can hire to help you, with décor, cooking, and marketing. But as an aspiring innkeeper, it helps to really understand the demands and rewards of owning and running a small business.
EG: You mentioned that the area has great skiing. What other local activities do you recommend to your guests?
AD: We're just 15 minutes from the original Ben & Jerry's ice cream factory. There are all kinds of food and microfarm experiences that you can take advantage of. We're one of the largest microbrew hubs in Vermont, and you can go to different microbreweries and experience that. We have a lot of great food-related things and culture-related activities. For example, at our inn we sponsor an opera festival in the month of June. We host a three-week opera festival at the inn and in the community. That's one of the things that drew Janice to our property--us supporting music. In July, that's the month we celebrate the great outdoors. Our area was voted to have the most scenic marathon in the U.S., even over the Big Sur marathon. It's hosted in our valley and runs right past our inn. July is all about the visual arts. There are over 350 different art activities, like exhibits or classes or lectures. There's so much going on.
By Emily Starbuck Crone
Photo credit: Jumping Rocks

subset: commoncrawl


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Uh, no it isn´t. See the last 2 Presidential elections as proof. Click Here if you Like this Comment 1 person like this.
The USA is a conservative nation, thats why fraud had to be used to get B.O. elected. Click Here if you Like this Comment
I am going to believe we are still a Christian conservative self reliant hard working country, or die trying. Click Here if you Like this Comment 1 person like this.
I am with 2. No moving to the Left to "win" for me. Click Here if you Like this Comment
We are the ropes, but he is right, we are anything but out. I can´t help thinking some disaster is going to hit the Obama gang up their obnoxious side of the head when they are lest expecting it (maybe the Bengazi-Petraus affair). Don´t know where the punch will come from but their over playing their hand. the last thing we need right now is to sell out our principles and the weak kneed talking heads i.e, Kristol and Krauthammer are the ones that should leave the party not Rush. Winners don´t quit, and losers don´t win. Click Here if you Like this Comment
I intend to be a sore loser, so that I won´t allow it to happen again.I intend to stick to my conservative principles and Kristol can leave the party.Beware Jindal and Jeb Bush..they will sell out to the highest bidder. Click Here if you Like this Comment 1 person like this.
The US is still a conservative nation.The American right must stick to their principles and keep freedom alive.Not anymore.Nov 6th confirmed just the opposite. Click Here if you Like this Comment
Oh he is absolutely right. And I do not advocate moving left at all. I only suggest that the party stop putting focus on a couple of social issues and maybe not be so hardline on them. They can addressed once we have the power back. But until we get that power back, public perception will be against us.Overall, the most important thing for the party is to change the public message about us. We are NOT the party of old racist white guys....that is the biggest lie ever told. And we are also not the party of the rich elite--that is the Democrats. Click Here if you Like this Comment
I can´t believe these 2 words keep showing up:Jeb and Bush. NOOOO Click Here if you Like this Comment
Yes, people keep saying this. But all the evidence is to the contrary. If there are so many of us conservatives out there, why can´t we get them to the voting booth? The agenda Obama is going to carry out the next 4 years (or more) is going to fundamentally transform this country. In other words, by 2016, we´re not going to recognize the US. I wonder if Niles & the others that continue to believe this will still be here saying the same thing after ObummerCare is fully implemented, Obama appoints 3 more Justices to the SC, and the value of the $$ drops to third world status. Click Here if you Like this Comment
B.O. only won because of "voting irregularities".I agree with #5. Given the level of arrogance of B.O. and his administration, it´s only a matter of time until a whole bunch of things will ´surprise´ him. Hopefully these problems won´t damage the country.I choose to stay conservative and fight (politically).If 20% of the country wants to live in a "worker´s paradise", let them move to Cuba, Venezuela, or wherever.There are lots of such countries. There is only one America, and she´s worth fighting for.As Winston Churchill said, "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender." Click Here if you Like this Comment
The government is making us depend on them so they can change their name to "Big Brother" (1984- George Orwell) but our "country" is not at all conservative, while I believe most of the people are... At least the informed ones. Click Here if you Like this Comment
No, we´re not. We´re a selfish, brutish, ill-bred, ignorant, grasping pack of chisllers, molesters, and thugs. We forsake God and He has forsaken us. Click Here if you Like this Comment
I am so tired carrying some else´s burden. I live in CA. so I have a double whammy of takers. Click Here if you Like this Comment
It is not. It has become a nation of greedy lazy lay-abouts who would prefer to wait around for their check and food stamps than get off their asses and provide for themselves. They prefer a Marxist Maoist government to a Republic. For the first time in my life I am embarrassed to be an American, and feel like my service was wasted on a bunch of leftist scum. I remember them spitting at me and my uniform, and now they disgust me. I quit. Click Here if you Like this Comment
Sure it is...you just keep beleiving that! Click Here if you Like this Comment
I disagree.If this last election is an indicator of anything, it's that God is letting America continue down the path of self-destruction.History repeats itself and if we want to know the future, look to the past and to ancient Israel in particular. When Israel turned from God to idols, they didn't actually abandon God; they just merged other god's with the One True God and worshiped them all. One reason for worshiping idols, idols serve man; they allow mankind to live self-indulgent lives without condemnation; so they think.God is a jealous God. He will not be dethroned nor tolerate sharing the worship and respect He deserves with other gods; not because He is arrogant but because other gods, who let humans do as they please, will let humans destroy themselves. How can man be convinced of that truth? How can Christianity, that demands personal responsibility, compete with a government that has become the enabler of destructive lifestyles, providing entitlements and excuses for people who have a perverted view of freedom? It couldn´t with Israel and it can´t with America.God will not force Himself on people or nations. Instead, God allows nations to be selfish and when they become selfish they become weak and when they become weak they become vulnerable to the enemy within and without. When the enemy defeats the weak, the enemy takes away the things that made them weak, forcing them to look to God to save them; repeating the cycle. Click Here if you Like this Comment
85% of Americans say they believe in God, but their faith is in the gods of government, leisure, comfort, personal rights and liberties, technology, etc. Even "devout" Christians follow preachers selling a "Prosperity Gospel" that also turns God into a servant of man.America has abandoned God in the same sense Israel did. America, a once God fearing nation has embraced false gods that are destroying it from within. As America becomes weaker its enemies within gain power and its enemies without wait for the first chance to take away the things that have made it weak; the gods of this world. Click Here if you Like this Comment
Dream on, Gardner. 52% of the people in the US wants socialism. They voted for it and they´ll get it. Solution: update your passport, buy a batch of Chinese money, and find a nice place (Singapore?) to sit on a high place and watch capitalism go up in smoke. Click Here if you Like this Comment 1 person like this.
Let´s stick to our conservative principles but accept reality - the majority of voting age Americans are not conservative.If we continue to believe otherwise we will only be fooling ourselves.. Click Here if you Like this Comment
USA is not a conservative nation. We are a land of warriors who stuck it to the King of England when our backs were to the wall. Keep on pushing, WH Ginger. Click Here if you Like this Comment
There were discrepancies in precincts. There always are with the Democrats. That´s not what got Obama elected. The country is toast because of the entitled masses voting to keep their bread buttered. Obamacare alone codified this culture. Add the coming immigration legislation, the Dodd-Frank regulations and the unknown racial quota regulations coming to every facet of work, government, education, military - do I have to go on? Obama was right on one thing - they won. Disagree if you need to but, don´t shoot the messenger. Click Here if you Like this Comment
I disagree about the US being a conservative nation, if "conservative" is being used in the social sense of the word.I think the population centers on both coasts and the great lakes are as liberal as they come and they have somehow managed to outvote the rest of the country. That marijuana use, assisted suicide and homosexual "marriage" should come up as referendum questions demonstrates that Hollyweird has won the culture war.Perhaps, it is time to go Galt and stop enabling the liberal losers continue their descent into wanton, dissolute living and its consequences. Click Here if you Like this Comment
Yes. Obama won because Blacks and Latinos were voting their own dignity, not because there is majority support for any of his opinions. His mandate is to go on having a black skin, and not to deport Latinos. That´s it, really. Been wondering if he´ll keep promise #2 because they´re Catholic. DREAM act beckons in the least-likely-to-be-Catholic segment. Wondering how he will treat the rest. Click Here if you Like this Comment
I don´t know where "Gallup" gets their data. If this was a 2-1 conservative nation, Obama would have lost big time.The election was not lost because of "voting irregularities".This is now a liberal country, and my liberal friends can go drown in floods, drown in debt, and otherwise choke on it. Click Here if you Like this Comment 1 person like this.
Idiots Click Here if you Like this Comment
Yo, #13 - absolutamente. Absent some sort of massive move by God, America is finis. Won´t happen tomorrow, but has been set in motion and only He can stop it. I think the thing that bothers me most is our desertion of Israel. We have put ourselves on the side of evil and darkness, and thereby have sealed our fate. :sigh: Click Here if you Like this Comment
Double whammy indeed #14, we here in Cali face a double burden. Conservative is the majority in our Butte County but the state is damn deep blue. Click Here if you Like this Comment 1 person like this.
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Next Windows release could be more desktop-friendly Rumors about the next major Windows release are starting to crop up. Earlier today, Paul Thurrott of the eponymous Supersite for Windows posted a... Type: News story Tags: Operating systems Windows |
172 |
Etc. Morning, all. I hope you had a good Thanksgiving and holiday weekend. Mine was restful and low-key, which is what I was craving... Type: News story Tags: Graphics The Tech Report |
27 |
Microsoft's Larson-Green hints at Windows consolidation Julie Larson-Green, the newly minted head of Microsoft's Devices and Studios engineering group, had some interesting things to say about the future of Windows... Type: News story Tags: Operating systems Windows |
65 |
Here are our Dear Diary contest winners At last! Our $2,300 Dear Diary contest is over, and our winners have been chosen. It was tough, honestly. Since the contest started three weeks... Type: News story Tags: Miscellaneous The Tech Report |
54 |
Etc. Hey, guys. Just a quick update to let you know that we are close to announcing the winners of our Dear Diary contest. The judging... Type: News story Tags: The Tech Report |
19 |
Hotfix for Windows 8.1 mouse accuracy issues now available As expected, Microsoft has released a fix for the mouse movement issues that have affected some users of Windows 8.1. The hotfix, available here,... Type: News story Tags: Input devices Gaming Software Operating systems Windows |
12 |
Report: As Microsoft CEO, Elop could kill Bing, sell Xbox business The search for a new Microsoft CEO is still underway. According to Reuters, the top five candidates include current Ford CEO Alan Mulally and... Type: News story Tags: Game consoles Software Windows |
151 |
Windows 8.1 causes mousing issues; fix incoming Still on the fence about upgrading to Windows 8.1? If you're a gamer,... Type: News story Tags: Input devices Windows |
76 |
Etc. Good afternoon, folks. I'm back from ARM TechCon and have hit the ground running on several projects. Thanks to each of you who contributed questions... Type: News story Tags: CPUs Graphics The Tech Report |
25 |
Apple posts record iPhone sales, disappoints Wall Street Apple's quarterly financials are out. These latest numbers correspond to the fourth quarter of Apple's 2013 fiscal year, which ended on September 28, and they... Type: News story Tags: Mac Personal tech |
59 |
Etc. Happy Sunday! I'm packing to head to ARM TechCon this week and looking forward to learning some new things. The folks at... Type: News story Tags: CPUs Graphics Personal tech The Tech Report |
51 |
$2,200 in prizes up for grabs in TR's Dear Diary contest Our summer o' giveaways is over, but that doesn't mean we're out of gear to give out. In fact, we've amassed our biggest bounty this... Type: News story Tags: Miscellaneous The Tech Report |
74 |
Microsoft beats Street forecast with 'record' quarterly revenue The PC market suffered in the last calendar quarter, but you wouldn't know it by looking at Microsoft's latest financial results. The company Type: News story Tags: Software Windows |
33 |
Apple unveils 1-lb iPad Air, Retina-infused iPad mini After tackling Mac updates during today's keynote, Apple moved on to the pièce de résistance: new iPad goodness. Two new iPads are coming next month. The... Type: News story Tags: Mac Personal tech |
91 |
Apple updates MacBook Pro Retina lineup, releases OS X Mavericks for free I was expecting today's Apple keynote to be all about new iPads, but the company starting things off with some Mac-related announcements. The first of those... Type: News story Tags: Systems Mac |
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Etc. Morning, folks. Although the guys are hard at work making things happen around here, I've been kind of scarce since posting my Radeon... Type: News story Tags: Graphics The Tech Report |
119 |
Latest Windows Phone 8 update adds phablet support Last month, Microsoft's newly minted Windows chief hinted that Windows RT was... Type: News story Tags: Windows Personal tech |
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Microsoft: Surface 2 name chosen to avoid consumer confusion The first Windows RT tablet from Microsoft was called the Surface for Windows RT. The second-gen version of that device, on the other hand, has... Type: News story Tags: Mobile computing Windows Personal tech |
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Steam beta hardware ready to ship, SteamOS downloadable Friday | 49 |


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The Mini-Prep Plus is the perfect little helper for small food preparation, from chopping herbs or bread crumbs, to finely grinding hard cheese. Its versatility lies in the special Auto Reversing Smart Blade, which makes it easier to process both soft and hard foods.
Designed in Italy with the same look as Cuisinart's newly launched PowerPrep Plus, the Mini-Prep Plus' sleek touch pad controls afford easy cleaning and an elegant look. And despite its space-saving size, it's more powerful than other choppers. So now you can prepare small quantities of food faster and more efficiently than ever before.
Product Features
(based on 12 reviews)
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Tiny Little Hero!
By panash
from Oklahoma City, Ok
About Me Casual Cook
Comments about Cuisinart DLC-2 Mini Prep Plus Food Processor (Brushed Chrome):
I bought this for myself and a second one as a gift for my mom. When they arrived we were both so thrilled with the quality and storable size that we decided to buy two more as gifts! I love the fact that it is perfect for the smaller jobs of chopping nuts for a cake, or celery for a soup, but cleans up easily too!
Awesome choppper
By Denebus
from Wylie, tx
Works great... Good value
Small but powerful.
By bah518
from Upstate NY
Makes quick work of combining Ingredients for baking, cooking meals, salads. So easy to clean up and store away.
By jj
from sc
great little machine
Mini Choper
By mel4cats
from Vista,CA
Only had a couple weeks and used 1 time. but have used at other peoples house it did great.
Powerful little one!
By Ptpjunebug
from Minnesota
Great at the little jobs.
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Small and powerful
By Still have all my fingers
from Santa Cruz, CA
About Me Avid Cook
In the confusion of shopping on the internet, I thought I was ordering a 4 cup food processor and ended up buying a 3 cup. The 3 cup is limiting if you want to make everything in one bowl, but using, removing and using, it works just fine. The only thing I for sure need a larger size food processor is to make nut milk like almond milk.
(2 of 2 customers found this review helpful)
Great little machine!
By Grammyky
from Tifton GA
Great service quick,and efficient.
By BARONESS16
from DALLAS, TX
Great item that saves time in clean-up .
By Vera the chef
from Colorado
Smaller size eliminates a lot of cleanup.


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Burglary on ASSEMBLY, SPOKANE, WA |
Burglary - ASSEMBLY, SPOKANE, WA
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More Than A Dozen Hondas Stolen In The Past 48 Hours In Spokane, Spokane Valley (by KHQ-TV Spokane)
In the past 48 hours twelve Honda's have been stolen in Spokane and Spokane Valley.
Delbert Belton's Friends Speak Out About His Death (by KHQ-TV Spokane)
A memorial for Delbert "Shorty" Belton, 88, continues to grow outside the Eagles Lodge in North Spokane, where Belton was brutally beaten and left for dead last Wednesday night.


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IAJE Day 3 - North Carolina Central University With Branford Marsalis
January 11, 2008. Posted by Joshua Jackson.
Add new comment | Filed under: IAJE 2008, Jazz Education, Live MusicSince Branford Marsalis moved to Durham, North Carolina some years ago, he has become a major proponent of the local jazz scene. He joined the North Carolina Central University Jazz Ensemble today, under the direction of Ira Wiggins (his 21st year as Director of Jazz Studies at NCCU). The young talent was already swinging pretty heavily before Branford joined them. They played Oliver Nelson's arrangement of "Down by the Riverside," from the Jimmy Smith and Wes Montgomery Dynamic Duo recording. Check it out below:
When you're a North Carolina jazz unit, it makes perfect sense to play music from one of your state's native sons. Especially when you have saxophonist Branford Marsalis, an outspoken devotee of John Coltrane. Here's John Fedchock's arrangement of a Coltrane ballad, "Central Park West":
NCCU and Branford Marsalis - Central Park West
The set ended with another Coltrane original, "Giant Steps." NCCU's two Artists-in-Residence, Branford Marsalis and Joey Calderazzo, join the students on Frank Foster's arrangement.
NCCU with Branford Marsalis and Joey Calderazzo - Giant Steps
- Josh Jackson
IAJE Day 3 - University of Illinois Latin Jazz Ensemble
January 11, 2008. Posted by Joshua Jackson.
Add new comment | Filed under: black colleges, branford marsalis, broadcast booth, carolina central university, college bands, colleges and universities, constitution hall, Discovery, doors, ears, eddie palmieri, guest performer, hbcu, iaje, IAJE 2008, Jazz Alive, latin jazz ensemble, Live Music, north carolina central, north carolina central university, university of illinoisConstitution Hall is just outside our broadcast booth. IAJE is showcasing a lot of college bands there today. The doors to the hall were open, and the sounds of blazing latin jazz were emanating into my ears. I had to check it out. It was the University of Illinois Latin Jazz Ensemble. Check them out on Eddie Palmieri's "Palmas":
University of Illinois - Palmas
Up next, I'll have a post about North Carolina Central University's Ensemble. They are an HBCU (Historically Black Colleges and Universities) institution. Their guest performer will be Branford Marsalis. Stay tuned. - Josh
IAJE Evening 2 - A Night of British Jazz
January 11, 2008. Posted by Joshua Jackson.
Add new comment | Filed under: bass jazz, british invasion, british jazz, courtney pine, Discovery, european jazz, first appearance, IAJE 2008, jazz competition, jazz funk, jazz musicians, jazz orchestra, last act, Live Music, martin taylor, night in tunisia, occasional references, panoply, Places and Spaces, queen elizabeth, solo version, stagecrew, tommy smith, trombonist dennis rollinsCourtney Pine, the British jazz musicians turned Jazz Crusader for BBC2, presented an evening of British Jazz at IAJE. I missed the first set from Empirical, winner of the 2007 EBU European Jazz Competition. I got there for the band's final notes.
Pine quickly introduced Martin Taylor, who jumped onstage a little early. Since the stagecrew wasn't ready for the band, he entertained the audience with a solo version of "I'm Old Fashioned." Here it is:
Martin Taylor - I'm Old Fashioned
I supposed you're predestined to play guitar when your named Martin Taylor, since that's the name of two highly regarded luthiers. Taylor made his first appearance in Toronto 25 years ago. This performance was his return engagement. It's been a while. Here's a cut from the full band:
I was totally blown away by the next act. Kids from Scotland who play like they've been playing together for years. Check this out, and tell me if you think they sound like novices...
Tommy Smith Youth Jazz Orchestra - A Night in Tunisia
The last act, I suppose, represented "the future." Trombonist Dennis Rollins has been raking in the awards in Britain. The music was certainly fun and dance-ready. Occasional references to "Summertime" and "Work Song" notwithstanding, I would call this a tightly arranged ensemble that combines a panoply of styles, including drum-n-bass, jazz, funk, and garage. Hear what I mean:
So there you have it. I guess you can't call this show The British Invasion, since we're technically in Canada, where Queen Elizabeth is the head of state. - Josh


text: Girolles les Forges is perfectly located for a stop enroute to the south of France. But it is also a great base from which to visit many southern Burgundy sites, such as Vezelay and the Arcy sur Cure prehistoric cave paintings. We stayed in the Pigeonaire suite, spacious and comfortable with a superb and enormous Italian shower. Extraordinarily generous table... More


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Posted 9 March 2006
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Note: Transcript has been edited for clarity and accuracy.
Sam Gandy Hi, everybody. I guess that we should give folks a few more minutes to sign on before we talk about anything substantial. And we're still missing a few members of the panel. But it's nice to see that the technology works so well!
Gabrielle Strobel Hi, and welcome everyone. It looks like we'll have a large group today. That's wonderful. I am Gabrielle, the managing editor of ARF. I am nominally the moderator today but will stay in back to let our experienced leaders run the show.
Sam Gandy Okay. Well, I'll get us started then.
Gabrielle Strobel Given the ups and downs hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has gone through, would the panelists get this going by stating briefly their current opinion on its value and prospects?
Sam Gandy Interestingly, the Science Times section of the New York Times featured HRT this week. Very timely for us.
Craig Atwood Sam, what type of HRT, conjugated equine estrogens or 17β-estradiol?
Sam Gandy Craig, I'm not sure that HRT versus estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) was broken out. I'll send you the piece from the Times. It was a lay piece and not broken down by compound.
Craig Atwood My point being that estrogens extracted from horse urine are different from human serum estrogens. Likewise, medroxyprogesterone has different effects than progesterone.
Phyllis Wise Exactly, there are over 30 compounds in the conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) preparation.
Sam Gandy Craig, when epidemiology is discussed, I assume CEE (Premarin) unless stated otherwise.
Craig Atwood Sam, okay.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo The form of ERT in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) studies was derived from mare's urine and goes through the liver. The results are not a true replacement of human estrogen hormones, which plant (soy)-based products applied as topical creams (which do not go to the liver) mimic better.
Phyllis Wise Premarin is not the only preparation used in these studies. Some used ethinyl estradiol and others used yet other preparations.
Gabrielle Strobel Also surprising in that Science Times story was that prescription rates have not plummeted as far as one would think following the WHI data. The piece also did not deal with AD but mostly cardiovascular disease. It did quote an opponent of HRT (cardiology professor) as saying that people who still study it are simply unwilling to let go of a cherished hypothesis, regardless of the data.
John Breitner I'm fairly amazed because I sense a reversal in the common view that because a trial negates observational data, the latter are faulty. The issue of timing seems to be in everyone's mind. How did that happen?
Phyllis Wise As basic scientists, we have followed the WHI work with great interest. We have been focusing our recent studies on deciphering the reasons for discrepancies between it and other studies. This forum should be wonderfully enlightening. (For more information on the WHI, see the NIH website.)
Gabrielle Strobel Phyllis, can you make some explanations for those discrepancies, based on your work?
Phyllis Wise I think that timing, dose, and formulation are critical differentiators of the response. For example, the average age of the women in WHI was 61, and they had not received prior hormone therapy (HT). CEE clearly has different effects than estradiol 17β. Medroxyprogesterone acetate binds to both the progesterone receptor and the androgen receptor.
Mark Smith Phyllis, how representative of HRT users were the women in the WHI study? My feeling is they were not very representative.
John Breitner Mark, I don't think we should be distracted by the ability to generalize the study population when it comes to trials. Internal validity is virtually all any trial can promise.
Dominique Toran-Allerand I think it is far more than that the trials were started too late. The whole WHI studies were flawed because of failure to take into account the biology of estrogens and of the estrogen receptors.
Gabrielle Strobel Dominique, very interesting; could you expand a bit for us?
Dominique Toran-Allerand Gabrielle, comments have already been made on the differences between ovarian 17β estradiol and CEE, but equally important is the fact that in the WHI studies the hormones, CEE and Provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate), were given continuously for years without interruption. Unlike many compounds which increase the levels of their receptors, prolonged exposure to estrogens decreases the levels of the estrogen receptor so that with time, the cells become much less responsive to estrogens. Moreover, by giving estrogens and progestins concurrently instead of the physiological manner which is sequential, estrogen is unable to up-regulate the progestin receptor to enable it to respond to progesterone, as it does after ovulation (one of its important functions), and progestins are unable to down-regulate the estrogen receptor—one of progestins' important functions—so neither hormone can act physiologically.
Gabrielle Strobel Dominique, very interesting. So future trials should use estrogen breaks?
Dominique Toran-Allerand Gabrielle, absolutely! That is the way the body is normally exposed to these hormones during the reproductive period.
Sam Gandy I agree with Dominique's point about the cyclical nature of hormones and the absence thereof in clinical trials.
Craig Atwood Dominique, Sam, however, there is no cycling of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy, or during lactational amenorrhea? So is cycling that important?
Dominique Toran-Allerand Craig, while there may be no cycling of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy, human gestation is finite (9 months) and does not extend for years as in the WHI trials.
Craig Atwood Dominique, but if you take a women who has five children (almost 4 years of pregnancy) and lactation amenorrhea for ~3 years each (15 years), that's almost 20 years of no cycling. And this is the normal hunter-gatherer situation, from which we have evolved recently.
Phyllis Wise Dominique, we have had several opportunities to talk about this, but just for the record: Down-regulation of estrogen receptor (ER) occurs when pharmacological levels of hormone treatment are used. We have shown that with our very low hormone treatments, the receptors remain. To me, this is a very important point, because if we can use low levels of estrogen and still get protection, it may be important.
Gabrielle Strobel Phyllis, are birth control pills with the lowest doses used to date in the range you just mentioned?
Phyllis Wise Gabrielle, contraceptive pills still use relatively high doses because you have to prevent ovulation or implantation. The whole question is whether in postmenopausal women, where it is not necessary to control fertility, you can use much lower doses and still get the protective actions. We believe you can.
Dominique Toran-Allerand Phyllis, we have found that continuous proestrus levels of estrogen given to mice (which are really not pharmacological) do elicit down-regulation of the estrogen receptor if given for many months without interruption.
Phyllis Wise Dominique, I agree. Proestrus levels should be considered high and could down-regulate receptors. Our paradigm has used replacement levels that are characteristic of the other days of the cycle.
Sam Gandy The main point of the Times piece was that all fields are revisiting HRT with the notion that the clinical trials that have turned us off were all begun too late. The issue now is, do we have to redo everything and start perimenopausally? How will that impact bone, heart, vessels? Brain?
John Breitner Not sure about "everything," Sam, because the case may be different for neurodegenerative processes.
Sam Gandy I was referring to "multiple systems," John, sorry for the imprecision.
John Breitner My only point, Sam, was that these systems may differ in important ways.
Sam Gandy Yes, indeed, John. Point well taken.
Rena Li How about the dosage of ERT?
Chris Gregory There are several issues around ERT that remain interesting to us. In particular, we wonder whether in the ancillary WHI Memory Study (WHIMS), findings relate to the inability of estrogen to down-regulate luteinizing hormone (LH) levels when there has been time (years) between the onset of menopause and the administration of estrogen. In other words, does the prolonged absence of estrogen prior to ERT dysregulate the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadotrophin (HPG) axis, leading to the inability of estrogen to turn off local/systemic LH production.
Mark Smith Chris, estrogen does not regulate LH after several years postmenopause (or ovariectomy in animal models).
Phyllis Wise Mark, my understanding is that estrogens will continue to feed back negatively even after an animal has been ovariectomized for a prolonged period of time.
Craig Atwood Phyllis, that is correct.
Mark Smith Phyllis, I have read in several papers otherwise...we should discuss.
Sam Gandy I was surprised to learn this week that there is an NIH early estrogen study that has recently begun. I don't recall the acronym. I thought that the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS) was the only thing going. (For more information see KEEPS website and clinical trials.gov)
Jon Nilsen Sam, are you thinking of the Early Versus Late Intervention Trial With Estradiol (ELITE) run by Howard Hodis, testing the effect of early versus late HRT on the cardiovascular system? (For more information see clinical trials.gov.)
Sam Gandy ELITE is the one; yes, thanks.
Sam Gandy Is there a cognitive component to ELITE, Jon?
Jon Nilsen Sam, there is a secondary outcome measure of neurocognitive function proposed for ELITE.
Gabrielle Strobel What will it be able to tell us? It's not in the background text. Can you enlighten us?
Sam Gandy Phyllis, can you tell us anything about KEEPS? Will there be periodic interim analyses?
Phyllis Wise Sam, golly, my understanding is that the trial will use CEE compared to estradiol in patch form supplemented with progesterone, and that endpoints will be measured at annual intervals. But do not quote me on this. I would be happy to contact Mitch Harman if you would like.
Gabrielle Strobel Phyllis, in KEEPS, what are the endpoints? Just clinical (dementia diagnosis, cognitive performance, etc.), or is there also blood and CSF work on biomarkers, Aβ/tau levels, brain imaging?
Phyllis Wise Gabrielle, the major endpoints are cardiovascular, but some cognitive endpoints will be measured. Again, I feel a bit uncomfortable going into too much more detail until I consult with Mitch about the final design that they decided to use. There was a lot of discussion about how much could be done with the funds and the relatively small group of women.
Gabrielle Strobel Thanks, Phyllis. There is much excitement about biomarkers in AD research these days. It would be wonderful if they could be included, but I see that money is an issue, as always.
Craig Atwood Sam, how old are the ELITE participants?
Sam Gandy Craig, no age is stated. Just "completed menopause" as the entry criterion.
Craig Atwood Sam, it would be better if they had started a little earlier.
Rena Li Our preliminary data from animal studies support early treatment rather than late.
Phyllis Wise Rena, great confirmation of the principle that time of treatment is critical.
Craig Atwood Rena, great.
Chris Gregory Rena, reduced estrogen in AD brains compared to normal brains with similar serum estrogen levels (your PNAS paper) correlated nicely with our gonadotrophin-based mechanistic hypothesis of AD.
Phyllis Wise Rena, we too have completed a preliminary study that shows that when mice are ovariectomized and then not treated for a long period, subsequent estradiol does not protect against stroke injury. With some luck, we will submit this in a couple of months. Daniel et al. (2006) show that immediate replacement in middle-aged rats improves memory but not after a long period of deprivation.
Rena Li Phyllis, our data show that late treatment does not improve AD pathology in animal models.
Mark Smith Rena, mechanistically, why do you think that is?
Rena Li Because late estrogen treatment does not activate clearance of Aβ.
Sam Gandy Rena, how did your animals parse out with respect to gender? Did males and females show the same thing?
John Breitner But who the heck can follow immediately postmenopausal women for 30 years to observe incidence of dementia and AD? It seems to me this is one area where there is an urgent need for surrogate indicators—all caveats notwithstanding.
Peter Zandi John, right. I wonder how a 5-year trial, assuming this is the distance, can show anything relevant, early versus late.
Craig Atwood John, Mark Sagar has a study here in Wisconsin—the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP) —that is doing just that. The study has recruited over 600 individuals, who must have a parent with confirmed AD. Not sure how many are on hormone replacement.
John Breitner I know, Craig, but I'll be dead by the time the results are out.
Craig Atwood John, I'm sorry to hear that.
Mark Smith John, not if you take a few nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDS).
Nancy Emerson Lombardo John and Mark, brain healthy nutrition and exercise will help you stay alive with no AD a lot longer than NSAIDs.
Craig Atwood John, better still, take leuprolide. Steve Austad showed that leuprolide increased longevity in rats by 18 percent with 6 months of treatment.
Mark Smith Craig, but a high price for John to pay?
Craig Atwood Mark, yes, but what cost life?
Sam Gandy John, is 30 years the real minimum number of years to have enough power to see an effect, based on the average age at onset of menopause and AD?
John Breitner Sam, as usual, it all comes down to money and resources. The younger the cohort, the more subjects you need to achieve the number of incident cases, which is what drives power.
Gabrielle Strobel John and Peter, this brings up a bullet point question listed in the background text: What sorts of shorter, cheaper trials can address this time factor (mid-life treatment versus late-life diagnosis)? That would be worth brainstorming about, it seems. Everyone, can animal models be employed to address this question?
John Breitner Gabrielle, animal models are clearly a contender, but the problem is we don't know how true to life the animal models are. Most of our models focus squarely on the Aβ hypothesis. Robbie Brinton's work suggests there may be a timing interplay between Aβ and estrogen treatment, but I think I'm more intrigued with the biomarkers idea. If only we could get biomarkers for AD, such as the CD4 counts and viral load we have for HIV disease! But that would probably require that we know a lot more about root causes.
Sam Gandy John, Pittsburgh compound B (PIB). (See ARF related news story on the use of PIB to measure Aβ plaques in the brain.)
John Breitner Sam, yes! Possibly PIB. It's amazing also how little we know about the longitudinal trace of some of the lower-tech biomarkers in preclinical phases of AD.
Sam Gandy Gabrielle, there are some interesting strategies to try to cut the cost of long trials by using phone screening.
Gabrielle Strobel Pray, expand, Sam! Is testing people for inclusion/exclusion criteria a major cost factor?
Sam Gandy Basically, versions of the various cognitive instruments are being adapted for use by phone, so that clinic visit expense is eliminated.
Gabrielle Strobel John, very interesting. I am just putting finishing touches on a meeting report on an academic/biotech/pharma workshop on biomarkers for AD. Tony Wyss-Coray's talk on his proteomic fingerprinting test of a composite of 12 inflammation-related markers was a highlight. Small subject numbers, but it predicted with 97 percent accuracy (see ARF related news story).
Sam Gandy John, can't some assumptions be made in order to guesstimate a plausible prediction regarding duration and reasonable cohort sizes, etc.?
John Breitner Yes, Sam, but the results are likely to be disheartening. Especially in the present funding environment, I think animal models or especially surrogate indicators are the way to go.
Sam Gandy John, but the FDA will want humans before giving its blessing, no?
John Breitner Sam, almost certainly yes.
Chris Gregory John, as imaging and biomarker analysis and genomics (proteomics and metabolomics) continue to be increasingly applied to AD research, there will hopefully be an enhanced ability to identify patients likely to progress and thus shorten the length of those trials and decrease the number of patients necessary for the trial.
Rena Li Monitoring hormone levels is important. I know NIH is calling for small business grants to develop small medical devices for that purpose.
Robert Struble I think, before we focus, we should emphasize Dr. Toran-Allerand's earlier statement (and it is showing up again and again). We need to understand the biology of the nervous system as it relates to hormone therapy. As we have seen, clinical intervention studies not based on good science can cause major problems.
Gabrielle Strobel All, what would be some good biomarkers to develop to track the effect of estrogen?
John Breitner Gabrielle, we know almost nothing about which putative AD biomarkers are sensitive to change in preclinical stages of AD pathogenesis.
Sam Gandy All, does the complexity of hormones, coupled with the chronic nature of Alzheimer's, equate to a hopelessly complex situation?
Craig Atwood Do high estrogen levels during pregnancy lead to high progesterone receptor (PR) levels? Or does the high progesterone suppress PR level?
Sam Gandy What feasible model for Alzheimer's would everyone agree would be the best preclinical surrogate for human disease? Transgenic monkeys?
Mark Smith Sam, Down syndrome (DS).
Gabrielle Strobel Sam, is that a feasible model?
Sam Gandy Mark, there are no cognitive norms for DS, and every DS person is slightly different. I can't see any enthusiasm for DS.
Mark Smith Sam, but it is the best model.
Gabrielle Strobel Mark, can you imagine the ethical/informed consent/regulatory issues with experimenting on DS patients with compounds shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Mark Smith Gabrielle, complex, I agree, but no more so than testing drugs in AD patients.
Mark Smith Has anyone looked at HRT in Down syndrome?
Sam Gandy Nicole Schupf.
John Breitner Sam, what does Nicole find?
Sam Gandy Age at onset of dementia in DS correlates with menopause (see Schupf et al., 2003).
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Mark et al., I also think Down's could be the way to go. One could select a narrowed population with particular criteria. Is there any indication the Down's research community is open to estrogen therapy? One of the leading Down's/AD researchers is here in Boston...Frances Lai (spelling?). She is leading a multinational trial, I think, with vitamin E. It is not strong enough in my opinion for a single nutritional substance to do much. I have been in touch with her about possible nutritional interventions.
John Breitner Nancy, Down's study would be very interesting, but probably would not pass muster for clinical use because of the generalizability issue.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo John, good point, though it might give us a quicker understanding of mechanisms that could be applied to the more usual population, and by then we might have the biomarkers to measure changes in the brain presymptomatic to AD.
John Breitner Nancy, yes.
Gabrielle Strobel All, has funding for estrogen-brain research dropped further in the wake of the WHI disappointment?
Craig Atwood Sam, Gabrielle, a big yes.
Sam Gandy Gabrielle, I can read you my pink [rejection] sheets….
Craig Atwood It is surprising to me that in Europe, 17β-estradiol is used for HRT rather than CEEs, and most studies from Europe suggest that this form of HRT is beneficial on a number of levels. Any comments?
Sam Gandy I agree with your sentiment, Craig.
Liqin Zhao Yes, Craig, we believe the formulation of estrogen therapy is another very crucial factor affecting study outcomes.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Estradiol is what we should be using in the U.S. as well...my point that Premarin and similar mare urine-based compounds aren't human.
John Breitner All, longitudinal biomarker data could at least guide us as to which HRT formulations to test in long-term human trials.
Liqin Zhao From our previous in vitro studies we have found that only select estrogen components contained within the complex formulation of CEE are effective at the levels they attain in plasma.
Sam Gandy And now there's Ellis Levin's endoplasmic reticulum estrogen receptor (ERER) as well (see Revankar et al., 2005 and Pietras et al., 2005).
Gabrielle Strobel Sam, where does that fit in? What hypothesis does it suggest? I can't picture it....
Sam Gandy The ERER plays a role in calcium homeostasis, which certainly could dovetail with conventional models of neurodegeneration.
Chris Gregory Phyllis, are the brain estrogen levels (versus serum levels) more important for protective effects? Dr. Li's paper seemed to address this issue.
Phyllis Wise Chris, Dominique's data would suggest that brain estrogen levels are important and there may be different estradiol isomers in the brain than in plasma.
Rena Li The brain does make estrogen itself and has brain-specific aromatase (see Sasano et al., 1998).
Dominique Toran-Allerand Regarding brain versus serum estrogen levels, we have found by mass spectrometry that the level of endogenous 17β-estradiol levels in the neocortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum are very, very low, but the levels of 17α estradiol, which does not circulate and which appears to be made in the brain, are astronomical and likely to be very important.
Gabrielle Strobel Rena, does this brain-specific estrogen production change after menopause? Are the ovaries and the brain production coupled?
Rena Li Gabrielle, that is not clear.
Phyllis Wise Rena, I think that we should keep in mind that aromatase knockout mice will have higher-than-normal levels of androgens (since they cannot be converted to estradiol) and that androgens themselves may have influence. In stroke models, most investigators have found that androgens exacerbate. Christian Pike has shown that, in vitro, androgens may protect against β amyloid injury (see Pike, 2001 and Ramsden et al., 2003 for in vivo effects of androgen on amyloid-β in rodent brain).
Rena Li Phyllis, that is true in our animals. Male animals do not develop the same degree of pathology as female aromatase knockouts.
Chris Gregory Rena, Dominique, aren't we talking about "autocrine" estrogen signaling in the brain?
Rena Li Chris, we really don't know. We're working on it.
Chris Gregory Rena, have you considered that brain estrogen levels may influence brain gonadotrophin levels (e.g., LH)? We would like to have a discussion with you about this topic.
Rena Li Chris, good point and should be further pursued, but we haven't done it yet. Let's discuss details later.
Chris Gregory Rena, I will give you a call early next week to discuss this autocrine signaling idea.
Craig Atwood A lot of talk about the sex steroids, but there is a Phase III trial ongoing for leuprolide acetate. Since leuprolide suppresses sex steroid production, and the Phase II results look very encouraging, i.e., no cognitive loss over 48 weeks, any thoughts/comments on other hormones that might be involved, or other mechanisms. Chris, do you wish to discuss?
Sam Gandy Craig, I gather that those men get supplemental testosterone.
Gabrielle Strobel Craig and Chris, good point. Can you enlighten me about the discrepant findings of leuprolide effect between your/Voyager studies and work by Sam and the Finnish study by Salminen (see Salminen et al., 2005)?
Craig Atwood In the women's Phase II, women did not get estrogen add-back. In a second Phase II (men only), the men are being supplemented with testosterone. This is ongoing. Results will be available mid-year, I believe.
Chris Gregory Craig, Sam, the males in Voyager's Phase II studies are receiving supplemental testosterone (T) to maintain their T levels. We think that this is a key distinction with the Finnish study.
Mark Smith Lupron was given based on the gonadotrophin hypothesis. Leuprolide acetate also works very, very well in Tg2576 mice (see Casadesus et al., 2006).
Chris Gregory Mark, could you comment on the effects you see with leuprolide in Tg2576s?
Mary McAsey Craig, in the women's Phase II study, was there an increase in depression rates in women on lupron?
Craig Atwood Mary, not that I'm aware of. Chris?
Chris Gregory Mary, there were no negative effects on depression in the women's study
Craig Atwood Obviously if leuprolide suppresses sex steroids, and cognition is not declining, do we need to look elsewhere for an etiological agent that drives the disease? I should mention that those taking leuprolide were also taking acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Chris Gregory Craig, as you know, leuprolide appears to maintain cognition and lower amyloid levels.
Craig Atwood So if leuprolide lowers amyloid and maintains cognition, maybe I should go for a beer!
Phyllis Wise Craig and Mary, were estradiol levels measured in these studies.
Craig Atwood Yes, but as you know, leuprolide suppresses estrogen to castrate levels.
Gabrielle Strobel Eef Hogervorst posted a comment suggesting the estrogen effect in aging women lasts 2-3 months. Any thoughts?
Sam Gandy That sounds like a mood or attention effect.
Phyllis Wise Gabrielle, what estrogen effects were being measured?
Mary McAsey Gabrielle, what do you mean by "estrogen effect"?
Gabrielle Strobel Mary, Dr. Hogervorst posted a comment on the background page to this discussion. She writes that her own trial and literature reviews show that estradiol and conjugated equine estrogens improve cognition for 2 to 3 months, not longer.
Rena Li Anybody know about phytoestrogen trials? Are there any?
Craig Atwood Carey Gleason at UW-Madison has some interesting phytoestrogen trials happening. Contact me if you want her details.
Sam Gandy We have 10 minutes left and I think that all we have done is identify the problems. Anyone have any serious hope that anything truly positive will come out of all this in our lifetimes?
Mark Smith Sam, for transgenic mice the prospects have never been better.
Sam Gandy Oh, to be a mouse....
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Sam, now would you really want to be a mouse? Think of all that you would be missing living in a cage or the field or my kitchen cabinets.
Sam Gandy You mean like writing grants? Yes, I would miss that—not.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Sam, in the broader sense of finding out what we can do in our forties, fifties, and sixties to reduce the risk of AD and understand its true (complicated) etiology—yes, yes, yes. But it won't be just estrogen or just insulin...or just any one factor is my guess.
John Breitner Comment for all, there are more or less two lines of chat here. One on pathophysiology and modeling, the other on development of interventions for humans and the problems faced here. I think we need to pursue both. The lab scientists can tell us more about which interventions could be used, and when, while those involved in clinical trials and human studies should be thinking about how most effectively and efficiently to test these interventions. Very good conversation!
Robert Struble We seem to be losing focus on the important question of protecting from dementia and focusing on mechanisms. The key question is whether there is a pattern/method/whatever to use 17β-estradiol (E2) as a "neuroprotective" agent. If we find it is neuroprotective, then let's find out why. The mechanism is irrelevant at the moment when women (and men) are aging. Rodent studies show that after ovariectomization, E2 improves performance or protects from stroke, but long-term or delayed treatment loses efficacy. Why? What can we do to improve protection and can that be translated to clinical trials?
Mark Smith Robert, you hit the nail on the head.
Sam Gandy I guess that we can all hope that KEEPS or ELITE raises enthusiasm for continuing to hammer away.
Sam Gandy Does anyone know when we can expect to hear updates from KEEPS or ELITE?
Phyllis Wise Sam, I would be happy to contact Mitch and find out.
Sam Gandy Phyllis, thanks. I would love to know. I am asked that all the time and have no idea.
Sam Gandy I will find out about ELITE, since I now know who is the principal investigator.
Robbie Brinton The ELITE trial is being conducted by Howard Hodis here at University of Southern California. It will be quite a while before data from ELITE trial will be available; recruitment is still in process but remarkably, the recruitment process is going well.
Gabrielle Strobel Hi, Robbie, good to have you. All the more reason for everyone to stay and chat some more.
Sam Gandy Robbie, how long is quite a while regarding ELITE? Five years? More?
Robbie Brinton Sam, I would guess that the ELITE trial is 5 years (funding cycle), but I'll check with Howard. There are multiple endpoints including a supplement for cognition which is being conducted by Victor Henderson.
Sam Gandy There is a bit of a circular problem in that the basic science funding is suffering because of the state of the clinical trial data.
Rena Li To all, start ERT studies at younger ages. Still asking about dosage.
Phyllis Wise Sam, absolutely. I think that a great deal more basic science research should be steered to looking at the importance of timing, preparation, and dose. Once we figure out the mechanisms of action that are involved in protective pathways, we should be able to design better selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMS). Although it would be ideal to measure risk of AD, that may be prohibitively expensive. If we can use other endpoints that appear earlier and are good indicators (vascular plaque, diameter as in the KEEPS study), we may be able to design better clinical studies.
Rena Li I think dosage is relevant because each individual will have a different level of estrogen due to absorption rate variability. Therefore, monitoring estrogen level in the ERT user might be very important.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Sam and panel, thanks for a great and informative chat.
Robbie Brinton Dear all, our mechanistic analyses indicate that convergence of E2 action onto the mitochondria is a critical factor in regulating calcium homeostasis. Our current studies are determining the impact of E2 and progestins on mitochondrial calcium buffering capability prior to, versus following, exposure to disruptions in calcium homeostasis. The data thus far are quite interesting.
Robbie Brinton A question to the community, determining the key biomarkers for prevention remains unanswered in my mind. Ideas?
Sam Gandy Robbie, my answer is PIB but Mark, Craig, et al. will vomit.
Chris Gregory Voyager looks forward to collaborating with some of the distinguished panel members. Thanks for inviting us to participate.
Craig Atwood Thanks, Sam, for a stimulating dialogue.
Robbie Brinton Sam, what is PIB?
Sam Gandy The Pittsburgh B plaque burden PET imaging compound.
Chris Gregory FYI, we think PIB might be a great tool.
Craig Atwood PIB, great for imaging, gotta go.
Robbie Brinton Sam, thanks!
Sam Gandy Serial PIB scans every year after menopause -/+ ERT?
Chris Gregory Sam, agreed, that could be a very interesting study, using PIB scans every year after menopause (-/+ ERT = +/- LH).
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Sam, what is the going price per scan to use PIB as a biomarker in a clinical trial?
Sam Gandy Nancy, I don't know. Outrageous, I am told, but I don't know the figure. I gather that General Electric (GE) has the rights and has priced it out of everyone's reach. But that is gossip. I don't know that on authority.
Sam Gandy Chris, can we do control, ERT, and leupron arms? (Would Voyager support it?)
Chris Gregory Sam, we'd be happy to have those conversations with you.
Sam Gandy Chris, I look forward to it. I think that it might actually be a good experiment.
Dominique Toran-Allerand I think we need to look more at the non-ovarian 17α-estradiol endogenous to the brain, as a potential therapeutic tool for menopause.
Sam Gandy Dominique, are those available for clinical trials or only basic science?
Dominique Toran-Allerand Unfortunately, I think only for basic science now.
Jon Nilsen Sam and Dominique, 17α has been used in Phase I clinical trials (see Dykens et al., 2005).
Dominique Toran-Allerand Jon, what dosage and how was it administered? I think it needs to be given transdermally, not orally since it does not circulate.
Jon Nilsen Dominique, I don't know the dosage, but it was administered as sodium sulfate conjugate orally.
Robbie Brinton Since we are talking clinical trials here, is there a mechanism in the ET community for clinical trials of PhytoSERMs?
Jimmy Barbee In the long run, the cost of the diagnostic tools verses the cost of long-term care is definitely money well spent. Eventually, prevention is the goal of each of us.
Sam Gandy Jimmy, I think that everyone would agree with your sentiment, except perhaps the government, which operates on 4-year cycles.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Jimmy, I agree, but funding limits at NIH and elsewhere don't seem to take that idea into account, especially when we are cutting costs at home to pay for things abroad.
Sam Gandy Fiscal year 2007 is predicted to be the worst NIH budget on record, per Congressional staffers.
Mark Smith Sam, surely you have $$$$.
Robbie Brinton All, with news of the worst funding year, I am getting back to work. Thank you all for your thoughts and community!
Dominique Toran-Allerand Sam, must go now. Thank you for inviting me.
Rena Li Thank you, Sam and all.
Jimmy Barbee The Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) biomarkers arm may provide much insight into the prevention arena as will the imaging side.
Mark Smith Last question, Sam: What is a good argument against the Voyager Phase II results?
Sam Gandy Mark, I simply want to see a definitive trial. I agree that the data are encouraging, but the sample size ("n") is small.
Mark Smith Hear, hear! True, but epidemiology is 1.5 million!
Sam Gandy Trials with small n's (like experiments with same) are often misleading. I say the exact same thing about statins. And HRT, for that matter.
Mark Smith One and a half million is bigger than most of my experimental n's.
Sam Gandy Epidemiology is not the gold standard, Mark. Epidemiology can be misleading, too. HRT is based on epidemiology.
Sam Gandy Sufficiently powered, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trials are required.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Agreed, but as John Breitner indicated, by the time all the clinical trials and prevention trials are funded and completed, the baby boom generation will all be dead or demented. So what do we do in the meantime? We keep plugging along and doing the best we can to prove with gold standard random controlled trials, but in the meantime we have a public health crisis that needs addressing, which the Alzheimer's Association and now the CDC are making a start with. I think we scientists need to have this on our minds as well.
Mark Smith Definitely, it's being done.
Chris Gregory Sam, we agree about the controlled clinical trials and that is what we are working on right now.
Sam Gandy Yes, I know about Voyager's trials, but strictly speaking, "working on" is simply not "there." I'm not disagreeing or criticizing. I'm just withholding judgment until the data are in.
Mark Smith Fair enough. What data does HRT have that leuprolide has to have to make it more promising?
Sam Gandy Mark, I never said that clinical ERT had better epidemiology than leupron (though I must admit I have not seen the leupron epidemiology data).
Mark Smith What has HRT shown that leuprolide hasn't to make HRT more promising?
Sam Gandy Nothing.
Mark Smith Great!
Sam Gandy HRT is in worse shape.
Mark Smith I agree.
Sam Gandy The clinical trials are a bust, at least perhaps because they were done too late. If a perimenopausal HRT trial is ever done and is negative, I give up.
Mark Smith Then, as a treatment, HRT is a bust?
Sam Gandy Absolutely. It's prevention or nothing for HRT at this point.
Chris Gregory Sam, as we have discussed, we are not mechanistically far apart from the discussions raised in today's forum. The well-powered trials will provide the answer, but like everyone else doing AD studies, these trials are long (at least 12 months now and in some cases 18 months). Not an excuse, just the reality that we all have to deal with.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Sam, but be sure the perimenopausal trials are done with the right human-like ERT and properly administered, per this discussion! If premarin were used only, then I still wouldn't necessarily believe the results.
Sam Gandy Nancy, I agree that the issues of cycling, preparation, progestins, etc., are all issues that must be accounted for and optimized.
Sam Gandy It makes more sense to me to "prevent" the acute hormone withdrawal than to allow the body to re-equilibrate for 20 years and then try to go in and get anywhere.
Mark Smith But as John said, prevention is very expensive and fraught with its own problems (as John can equally attest!).
Sam Gandy Mark, that's why these phone instruments are being developed, to cut the cost of prevention trials. Just because it's hard doesn't mean we shouldn't try....
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Sam, I totally agree. By the way probably the correct administration of a phytoestrogen or phytoHRT would be transdermally; that would also prevent the heart problems according to the HRT specialists I follow. They predicted the WHI MS trial would fail and that premarin creates heart/stroke problems.
Sam Gandy Phytoestrogens are another variable in the queue as far as I am aware.
Mark Smith Sam, lets do beer in Madrid to discuss further. Adios.
Sam Gandy I'll have espresso, but sure (alcohol gives me migraines).
Mark Smith Okay, my treat.
Nancy Emerson Lombardo Yes, beer and red Spanish wine in Madrid. Here we come...I know an Irish guy that owns a great pub in Madrid that I am eager to check out.
Sam Gandy Okay, now I think that we are really winding down. Thank you all very much. I am taking off now, too.


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Cabover Cool Part 2
Road King's resident cabover fanatic jumps at the chance to check out Volvo's European models
By David A. Kolman
As you regular readers of my Road King columns and blogs know, I love cabover-over-engine (COE) tractors. I've been a cabover devotee ever since I spied my first one as a young child. Hence my nickname: Cabover.


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Forums >General Running>fendi belts for men
You need to work on your url embedding you dumbass piece of shit dickhead fucking spammer.
Much better.
Imminent Catastrophe
"Able to function despite imminent catastrophe"
"To obtain the air that angels breathe you must come to Tahoe"--Mark Twain
"The most common question from potential entrants is 'I do not know if I can do this' to which I usually answer, 'that's the whole point'.--Paul Charteris, Tarawera Ultramarathon RD.
√ Tahoe Rim Trail 100M 20/21 July
Hartford Marathon/Newport Marathon 12/13 Oct
Boston Marathon 21 April 2014
Once a coach, always a coach...
Once we rode together in a metal firecracker
Well played sir.
2013 goals: run a bunch....race some.....repeat...
May I have my free fendi hat if I buy the belt?
Long Drawfs Fast
hide quoted spam
This thread has made me laugh more than anything else today.
Needs more cowbell!
Mahina members. It looks like the crescent. The pleats of the soft Mahina leather are designed to fold naturally to the shoulder's contours.
Mahna Mahna...doo doo do doo do....
• get within 5#s of 130#s (and stay there, gotdammit!)
✓ 1st olympic distance duathlon - AG 2nd!!
• 1st Iceman Cometh mtn bike race - no MTB in '13
✓ Half Fanatic
✓ punch Type 1 in the junk
Knowing what to look for before your belt system breaks down is an important part of vehicle maintenance. Once a belt breaks, your won't drive and all functions will cease to work. Belts play an important role in keeping your car "healthy."
I've got to admit, I didn't see that coming.
HobbyJogger & HobbyRacer
That (efendi) always makes me think of the Lawrence of Arabia movie...
It's a 5k. It hurt like hell...then I tried to pick it up. The end.
I actually use one of these belts when I go running, since I prefer using cutoffs to get my miles in with. The spammer's belt I have no interest in though.
My miserable story, which is killing me.
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(3 Reviews) Read Reviews
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Was the USPRO Challenge worth it for Boulder? Submitted by Kris Thompson on Tue, 10/30/2012 - 06:28 News Item: Boulder CyclingUSA Pro Challenge Read more about Was the USPRO Challenge worth it for Boulder?5 commentsAdd new comment
Longmont Vies for a Stage of the 2013 US Pro Cycling Challenge Submitted by Amy Thompson on Thu, 10/25/2012 - 17:24 News Item: USA Pro ChallengeFrom the Boulder County Business Report An informal team of bicycle enthusiasts and craft brewers is leading the charge to put Longmont on the map of the USA Pro Cycling Challenge in 2013... Read more about Longmont Vies for a Stage of the 2013 US Pro Cycling Challenge3 commentsAdd new comment
Colorado Public Radio chimes in on the impact of doping on Colorado Submitted by Kris Thompson on Thu, 10/25/2012 - 05:31 News Item: World Cycling NewsUSA Pro ChallengeFrom Professional cycling is huge in Colorado, so when Lance Armstrong was stripped of all seven of his Tour de France titles for doping, we wanted to learn what his spectacuar fall from grace could mean for the sport in this state. Ryan Warner talks with Brian Holcombe, editor of the Boulder cycling media outlet VeloNews.com. Read more about Colorado Public Radio chimes in on the impact of doping on Colorado1 commentAdd new comment
USPCC Helped Boost Sales Tax Revenue in Boulder Submitted by Amy Thompson on Tue, 10/23/2012 - 16:43 News Item: World Cycling NewsUSA Pro Challenge From the Daily Camera The sixth stage of the USA Pro Cycling Challenge contributed to a more than 13 percent jump in retail sales during the month of August in Boulder, city finance officials said. Read more about USPCC Helped Boost Sales Tax Revenue in BoulderAdd new comment
Attendance Over 1 Million for the Second Annual USA Pro Challenge. Race Brings an Estimated $99.6 Million in Economic Impact to the State of Colorado Submitted by Amy Thompson on Thu, 10/18/2012 - 15:29 News Item: Hot TopicUSA Pro Challenge Denver (Oct. 18, 2012) – The 2012 USA Pro Challenge, the toughest professional cycling race in the U.S., reached attendance numbers of more than 1 million over the course of seven days, Aug. 20-26, as fans turned out to watch the action-packed, heart-pounding racing. After traveling to 12 towns for the official stage starts and finishes, and passing through many other notable cities along the way, the estimated economic impact of the race to the State of Colorado is $99.6 million, according to a study done by IFM North America, a global sports research firm. See the 2011 Economic Report from the USAPCC With a lead change nearly every day, one of the closest professional races in U.S. history came down to the final moments of the Individual Time Trial in Denver, with American Christian Vande Velde of Garmin-Sharp-Barracuda taking home the overall win. The race received unprecedented coverage highlighting the beautiful terrain of the state that totaled 31 hours on NBC and NBC Sports Network in the U.S. and was broadcast internationally to 175 countries and territories around the world. Read more about Attendance Over 1 Million for the Second Annual USA Pro Challenge. Race Brings an Estimated $99.6 Million in Economic Impact to the State of Colorado6 commentsAdd new comment
Success of USAPCC turned into an Accounting equation - Sales down Submitted by Kris Thompson on Sun, 09/16/2012 - 08:28 News Item: Hot TopicBoulder BcycleUSA Pro ChallengeHow does one measure success of a race like USAPCC? Is it purely a monetary equation? Is it the support and desire of the people, enthusiasm of the business? How few trees were not cut down and destroyed on Flagstaff? It's not easy. In a recent survey of downtown Boulder businesses many, especially businesses on the east side of town saw a dip in sales on race day, yet many businesses still support having the race return. How would you measure success of a race like this? The Boulder Convention and Visitors Bureau predicted the USA Pro Cycling Challenge would bring more than $8 million into the city last month, but preliminary reports from some downtown businesses indicate the bicycle race didn't boost their bottom line as much as they expected -- and some saw sales declines on race day. Yet an overwhelming number of business owners surveyed by Downtown Boulder Inc. said they want to see the Pro Cycling Challenge return to Boulder next year. Read the full details at the Daily Camera Read more about Success of USAPCC turned into an Accounting equation - Sales down3 commentsAdd new comment
Former Coors Classic Race Director Michael Aisner on the USA Pro Challenge Submitted by Kris Thompson on Mon, 09/03/2012 - 07:49 News Item: Boulder CyclingColorado Cycling HistoryCycling VideoUSA Pro Challenge Read more about Former Coors Classic Race Director Michael Aisner on the USA Pro Challenge1 commentAdd new comment
Would you pay $10,500 to ride the USPCC course before the pros? Submitted by Amy Thompson on Wed, 08/29/2012 - 11:20 News Item: USA Pro ChallengeLast January Carmichael Training Systems announced its USA Pro Cycling Challenge Race Experience for Amateurs. We were curious how it all turned out and saw this recent story in the Denver Post about the event. "This is a privilege denied to many, especially at my age," said the 64-year-old Breckenridge resident as a mechanic for his Carmichael Training Systems team grabbed his bike for a cleaning and a coach delivered a brightly colored drink. Oshlo was one of 19 cyclists who paid $10,500 to pedal the entire 683-mile USA Pro Challenge route, just like the pros. The Carmichael Training Systems team — which included six coaches, five mechanics and five massage therapists — ate with the pros, got daily bike maintenance and massages, stayed in the same hotel as the pros and team members even got fined for being late to meetings or departures. (The fines went to the Kids on Bikes charity.) The riders got VIP access to stage finishes and colleague-type access to the world's best cyclists. Read more about Would you pay $10,500 to ride the USPCC course before the pros?8 commentsAdd new comment


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good luck, modeling tutorials just google them for what you wish to model, getting stuff in game aka into skyrim is a complete pain in the ass for custom stuff, been trying to get the Dragon Bone Smasher working, and not a single modder on tes nexus both in chat or on forums is willing to actually help. mod community has really gone down hill since Oblivion.
well kurgan ill get it to you if i can its modeled just needs to be uv mapped and textured, but because Bethesda has apparently broken the construction kit for custom models and texture work means all the work I have done may never get released or working properly.
I have come across this too! It seems like they would prefer that you did not have the ability to do it or make sure you struggle to the point in which you give up. I was asking a question about the possibility of warpaint on the body and instead the response I got was 'Look, I already have so many thing to do that I wish to put into Skyrim' I did not ask him to do what I am trying to figure out.
need someone to test a weapon and see if it works. its fairly straight forward. sooner is better then later, if this works i can move on to other files esp textures and meshes are in an easy to install / uninstall setup, and the weapons easy to find aka its located at the skyforge. in Whiterun,
don't need the help anymore figured it out on my own with the help of 1 other person, after nearly 9 hours of searching 1 soul was nice enough to help.
Is there a way you can make skill-requirements for items? Something like that should definitely have a fairly high req. I would've suggested attribute requirements (ie: strength), but then I remembered Skyrim doesn't have attributes
the weapon is so heavy no requirments are needed, each swing takes around 33% stamina, but it has high damage, also has extreme weight and slow swing speed for reference Deadric Greatsword = 1.3 reach .700 atk speed weight 18-25 Base Atk Dam 24 Dragon Bone Smasher reach 1.5 atk speed .500 weight 35 base Atk 35 gonna boost this to 45 essentially tho a legendary dwarven claymore = 41 atk on the test character the Dragon Bone Smasher is 44 plain, at legendary it should be 80+ with % based improvements when crafting should push it 100+ with no skills, but again 2-3 swings your stamina is gone, but imagine a weapon like this with the sweep skill room clearing weapon but your left exposed. still need to balance it a bit more but eitherway its going to be classified under Dragonbone so it requires 100 craft skill to make this weapon on top of stamina penalties from weight and slow attack speed kinda does give it some hefty requirments.
Yeah, I know. I'm afraid that's pretty much everywhere these days tho, even here. Asking simple questions will still get you the "Google it!!!" from some people. I'll let people know if I find something useful in the way of Tutes or a helpful community.
I don't know what the performance of a 570 is compared to my cards, with cf I can run it at ultimate with framerate minimum at 25 or so and max is 60. Very playable. I think you should be able to.
So you get down to 25fps with CF 6770's? That means like 15fps on a 570 I'm guessing. Maybe less. What levels of detail are there? I see you said "Ultimate"?
My rig runs it at ultra (or whatever) very nicely on 2560x1600 I still need to put in the other 6970. lol
Yeah this game doesn't have super demanding needs short of a healthy amount of vram once you start piling on the hi res textures. So yeah I think you can max it. Maybe leave Reflect Sky off like I did.
Yeah thats where I have to draw the line. Gotta have my eye candy. Fallout games I run no problem. I didnt think this one was that much worse.
My 5870 is having no issues running this game with the big HD texture maps from nexus, floura mod, better bodies, shining ore, and running almost ultra settings. about 80-90% GPU load at 60FPS 4X AA 8X AF MFAA injection All advanced draw distance settings dropped 1-2 points. I run out of Vmem before the power to run it.
Yeah, I meant Ultra, lol. Those numbers were with about 10 or so texture mods, but not the bethesda one. I usually run mine at high settings with water reflections of trees and sky and a few view distances turned up 4-5 clicks. and shadows at ultra. Then my lowest fps is 45, except for whiterun overlook. its about 21 no matter what.
Videocard isn't the issue with Skyrim. A 5850 is plenty enough for this game, it's CPU hungry, if you are running stock clocks then you might have some issues, and if you play with shadows (and get crazy) even a 2600k OC'd isn't enough. Since the game only uses 2 cores, this game just beats CPUs into submission with shadows since they are ran on the CPU rather than the GPU.
I have to reinstall my game I think. I downloaded some mods from the steam workshop and once in game my frame rate dropped to 14 fps. eek! My fps range was between 14 and 26 fps. I don't know what the hell happened as I didn't install any graphic mods. So I disabled all the mods and I still have shitty fps. I really don't know what happened but it must have been a mod. Game is not playable at all now. I may as well remote into my home pc and uninstall the game. Shitty.


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Tui's Place has a special feeling that makes it seem like you're home again.....right on the gay beach, intimate, friendly, lovely rooms.....big smiles from everybody and just the right amount of oersonal attention, always accommodating, never intrusive and with an ease of coming and going that makes it like your own place. A great little restaurant bar serves up excellent... More
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- We are located right on the Gay section of Jomtien Beach (called Dongtan Beach) in Pattaya, Thailand. ... more less


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Hot tub! Five minutes to Dollywood! Eagles Ridge! Internet. in Pigeon Forge
- bedrooms 2
- baths 2
- sleeps 8
- pool yes
- hot tub yes
- pets allowed yes
- type Cabin
- community Eagles Ridge
rates (USD)
/ night
$ 700 - $ 875 / week
$ 1,200 - $ 2,800 / month
vacation rental description
Please read the reviews! We think they tell our story.
Our cabin is a two story log home located just about two minutes from the Parkway in Pigeon Forge. The Eagles Ridge Resort is a community of about 175 cabins that are in beautiful condition. It has two bedrooms with king size beds and two sleeper sofas. It has three porches for enjoying the outdoors. Talk to your neighbors from the front porch swing or just visit with nature from either of the two back porches.
The clubhouse pool opens in summer and is a great place to cool off.
property availability
Last modified on 12-11-2013 at 7:25 AM.
email owner view full calendar
James A Hale 606 285 9396
cabin rental amenities
The cabin has a whirlpool tub in the master bedroom and hot tub on the upstairs screened-in back porch. You can play pool on the pool table downstairs in the game room. The living room has a gas log fireplace and flat screen TV. There is a small leather rocker/recliner in the living room. The kitchen has most everything you need as well as a gas grill on the backporch. Wired and wireless internet service. And a small washer/dryer.
activities and attractions in Pigeon Forge Tennessee
Pigeon Forge is near the gateway to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Numerous outlet malls bring visitors from all over the eastern United States. And if you are looking for a place to eat out, there are restaurants that can be found for just about any taste.
Golf, putt-putt golf, Dollywood, Nascar (gocart) tracks, fishing, shows, museums, you name it and you can just about find it in or near Pigeon Forge.
vacation rental rates
$50 cleaning fee for four days or less.
$25 cleaning fee for pets.
Minimum two day stay, except in cases where only one day is available.
June, July August, September, October $115 per day, $800 per week, weekends(Friday and Saturday) $125 per day. There will be a four day minimum in June and July.
Other months, weekend nights at $115, weekdays at $100. Holidays extra. Please see any late minute special deals!
Available by the month! (Snowbirds and those seeking relief from the Florida heat, welcome)!
We accept payment by check or through Paypal (credit cards). 1.5% fee added to total if using PayPal to cover partial fees.
Rates are plus Tennesse, City of Pigeon Forge and County taxes at 13.25%
James A Hale 606 285 9396
accepted payment methods
Prior to paying a reservation deposit, always verify payment instructions by calling the phone number displayed on this listing page. By contacting the owner directly and paying by an approved method - credit card, paypal, check or bank transfer - your reservation payment will be protected up to $1,000.
Learn more in our Security CenterTop things to do in Pigeon Forge
- Smoky Mountains National Park
- Dollywood
- Dixie Stampede
- Ripley's (Gatlinburg)
- Zip Lines!
Top things to do on a budget
- Trout fishing in the Park
- Hiking
Top things to do with a family
- Dollywood
- Dixie Stampede
- Shop!
- Syncronized lightning bugs!
- Cades Cove.
James A Hale , owner


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Home: Now Showing - Disney's A Christmas Carol: An IMAX 3D Experience Movie Information |
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Remove ads with our VIP Service Ratings / Reviewsscary sequences and images View movie reviews Share This PageEbeneezer Scrooge (Jim Carrey) begins the Christmas holiday with his usual miserly contempt, barking at his faithful clerk (Gary Oldman), and his cheery nephew (Colin Firth). But when the ghosts of Christmas Past, Present, and Yet to Come (all played by Carrey) take him on an eye-opening journey revealing truths Old Scrooge is reluctant to face, he must open his heart to undo years of ill will before it's too late. Starring Jim Carrey, Gary Oldman, Colin Firth, Bob Hoskins, Cary Elwes, Robin Wright Penn Directed by Robert Zemeckis Running Time - 1:36 Genre - SciFi/Fantasy Opened in Theaters - Friday, November 6th, 2009 ShowtimesThis movie is not currently playing in theaters. MultimediaRelated News Articles and Web Sites
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Page Index: Workshops for Spring 2013 Employer Information Tables for Spring 2013 Other Presentations for Spring 2013 View Prior Workshops and Presentations
Below is the schedule for all of our presentations and workshops for Spring 2013. Please do not hesitate to call for an appointment in case you did not get to attend. If there is a workshop you would like us to do, please contact us at 410-543-6075 or email@example.com
*To register for the WORKSHOPS go to eRecruiting http://salisbury.experience.com/experience/login and log-in or call 410-543-6075. Once you are in click on "Calendar" on the grey menu bar and you will see a drop-down. Select "Event Type", select "Workshop". Click on the Workshop/s you wish to attend.
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-Click here for Major Mentor Panel -Click here for GRE power point -Click here for CMAT 101


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33 photos Featured
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TOWNHOUSE LIVING in the convenient West End. Live at The Cloisters, and you're close to shopping at Regency Square. Libraries, theaters and fine restaur…
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Nestled in a tree-lined west end community, just moments from historic downtown Richmond, VA, Staples Mill Townhomes is a peaceful rental community set …
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Located in the heart of VCU! Perfect for students and professors. Recently Updated and in great condition!
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River Forest Phase Two Opening May 2010. These new apartment homes will feature 42aE maple cabinets, pendant lighting, and two-tone paint throughout. Ri…
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Henrico, VA 23233
Wooded Park-Like Setting in the Richmond, VA Area...24-Hour Emergency Maintenance, Car Wash Area, Great Community Facilities...Convenient to Interstate…
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1-3 bed 1-2 bath Cats allowed Dogs allowed
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Mechanicsville, VA 23111
Affordable Living in the Heart of Mechanicsville...
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The West End's Premier 55+ Active Independent Living Community
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Apartments in Midlothian, VA with washers/dryers and all electric kitchens. Most apartments feature large closets, private entries, extra storage space …
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The Park at Village Green is a quaint neighborhood nestled behind Chester Village Green. Covered by lush landscaping but surrounded by the convenience o…
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Uniquely designed for those seeking to live above the West End...Twenty nine unique floor plans to choose from...The newest luxury apartment community i…
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Henrico, VA 23294
Located in the west end and convient to interstates, shopping and dinning.
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Oakbrook Apartments have Furnished Studios, One Bedroom and Two Bedroom Apartments. Oakbrook has 3 - 12 month lease options. Oakbrook Apartments are s…
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One block from I-95, I-64, & I-295... Two lights up from grocery shopping & the mall. Right behind the State Police station.
Apartment 151 units
In a city steeped in rich history and character, Richmond apartments for rent offer a unique living experience that perfectly blends the past and present. Receiving an extremely livable rating of 77 out of 100, Richmond is home to about 205,000 people. As the capital city of Virginia, Richmond welcomes many travelers throughout the year and was the site of numerous historic events. But it's not all about the past in Richmond, as this city is home to a dense art and culture community. Blending a small-town atmosphere with big-city living, Richmond has just the right amount of hustle and bustle without it becoming overwhelming. Summers here are filled with music festivals and community events, while the nearby outdoor recreation options are perfect for a weekend nature getaway. This charming Southern town literally has a little something to offer everyone seeking Richmond apartments for rent.
Many of Richmond neighborhoods have a diverse demographic; for example, the Museum District and The Fan are both welcoming to everyone from "starving" students to wealthy families. These urban neighborhoods boast tree-lined streets, Victorian townhouses, converted Richmond apartments and duplexes. People who like a suburban-feel within an urban environment may prefer Woodland Heights, just across the James River in Southside. Hugely popular among artists, Woodland Heights is known for its diverse architecture and quiet parks. Bellevue has a similar atmosphere, and is located at the very edge of the city limits.
Richmond has become more welcoming for bikers in the past few years, and is home to one of the best urban mountain bike systems in the southeast. However, those who prefer to walk may want to look at Richmond apartments for rent in the Monroe Ward, City Center, Jackson Ward, Carver or VCU neighborhoods.
People looking for apartments in Richmond will enjoy the overall cost of living, which is only 1 percent higher than the national average and lower than other cities such as New York and Miami. According to PayScale, the cost of housing is 10 percent lower than the national average, but healthcare is 13 percent higher. Residents will also pay slightly more for transportation, groceries and utilities.
History buffs and architecture nerds will love the high percentage of historic homes that date back prior to 1939. While there are not a lot of newer constructions throughout the city, many residents of Richmond enjoy the character and diverse landscape of homes built prior to 1990.
Students looking for apartments in Richmond will be near some of the area's best colleges and universities. University of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Union University and Bryant & Stratton College are a few of the area's schools.
People who are making the move to Richmond will also find the city has a prosperous and diverse business economy. Some of the area's top private employers include Capital One Financial Corp., VCU Health System, HCA Inc., Bon Secours Richmond Health System, Dominion Resources Inc. and Wells Fargo & Co. The city is also home to 10 Fortune 500 companies.
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