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Wisdom has, in the Western tradition, been listed as one of four cardinal virtues. As a virtue it is a habit or disposition to perform the action with the highest degree of adequacy under any given circumstance. This implies a possession or seeking of knowledge of the given circumstances. This involves an understanding of people, things, events and situations, and the willingness and the ability to apply perceptions, judgments and actions in keeping with an understanding of what is the right course of actions. It often requires control of one's emotional reactions (the "passions") so that universal principles, values, reason and knowledge prevail to determine one's actions. In short, wisdom is a disposition to find the truth coupled with an optimum judgement as to right actions. Synonyms include: prudence, sagacity, discernment, or insight.
Philosophical perspectives of wisdom[edit]
A basic definition of wisdom is the judicious application of knowledge.[1] The opposite of wisdom is folly.
The ancient Greeks considered wisdom to be an important virtue, personified as the goddesses Metis and Athena. Athena is said to have sprung from the head of Zeus. She was portrayed as strong, fair, merciful, and chaste.[2] To Socrates and Plato, philosophy was literally the love of Wisdom (philo-sophia). This permeates Plato's dialogues, especially The Republic, in which the leaders of his proposed utopia are to be philosopher kings: rulers who understand the Form of the Good and possess the courage to act accordingly. Aristotle, in his Metaphysics, defined wisdom as the understanding of causes, i.e. knowing why things are a certain way, which is deeper than merely knowing that things are a certain way.[3]
The ancient Romans also valued wisdom. It was personified in Minerva, or Pallas. She also represents skillful knowledge and the virtues, especially chastity. Her symbol was the owl which is still a popular representation of wisdom, because it can see in darkness. She was said to be born from Jupiter's brain.[4]
Wisdom is also important within Christianity. Jesus emphasized it.[5][6] Paul the Apostle, in his first epistle to the Corinthians, argued that there is both secular and divine wisdom, urging Christians to pursue the latter. Prudence, which is intimately related to wisdom, became one of the four cardinal virtues of Catholicism. The Christian philosopher Thomas Aquinas considered wisdom to be the "father" (i.e. the cause, measure, and form) of all virtues.
In the Inuit tradition, developing wisdom was one of the aims of teaching. An Inuit Elder said that a person became wise when they could see what needed to be done and do it successfully without being told what to do.
The Native American's philosophy about being a part of the natural environment contrasted to the European's culture of conquering nature's gifts. The Native American's wisdom about maintaining balance ecologically and socially was a common-sense approach to protecting and conserving natural resources.[7]
Educational perspectives of wisdom[edit]
Public schools in the US have an approach to character education. Eighteenth century philosophers such as Benjamin Franklin, referred to this as training wisdom and virtue. Traditionally, schools share the responsibility to build character and wisdom along with parents and the community.[8]
Nicholas Maxwell, a contemporary philosopher in the United Kingdom, advocates that academia ought to alter its focus from the acquisition of knowledge to seeking and promoting wisdom, which he defines as the capacity to realize what is of value in life, for oneself and others.[9] He teaches that new knowledge and technological know-how increase our power to act which, without wisdom, may cause human suffering and death as well as human benefit. Wisdom is the application of knowledge to attain a positive goal by receiving instruction in governing oneself.
Psychological perspectives[edit]
Psychologists have gathered data on commonly held beliefs or folk theories about wisdom.[10] These analyses indicate that although "there is an overlap of the implicit theory of wisdom with intelligence, perceptiveness, spirituality and shrewdness, it is evident that wisdom is a distinct term and not a composite of other terms."[11] Many, but not all, studies find that adults' self-ratings of perspective/wisdom do not depend on age.[12][13] This stands in contrast to the popular notion that wisdom increases with age,[13] supported by a recent study showing that regardless of their education, IQ or gender, older adults possess superior reasoning about societal and interpersonal conflicts.[14] In many cultures the name for third molars, which are the last teeth to grow, is etymologically linked with wisdom, e.g., as in the English wisdom tooth. In 2009, a study reviewed which brain processes might be related to wisdom.[15]
Researchers in the field of positive psychology have defined wisdom as the coordination of "knowledge and experience" and "its deliberate use to improve well being."[16] With this definition, wisdom can supposedly be measured using the following criteria.[12]
- A wise person has self-knowledge.
- A wise person seems sincere and direct with others.
- Others ask wise people for advice.
- A wise person's actions are consistent with his/her ethical beliefs.
Measurement instruments that use these criteria have acceptable to good internal consistency and low to moderate test-retest reliability (r in the range of 0.35 to 0.67).[12]
John Vervaeke has argued for a cognitive science of wisdom and argues that basic relevance realization processes that underlie cognition, when fed back onto themselves and made self-referential lead to the enhanced insight abilities we associated with wisdom.[17][18]
Dr. B. Legesse et al., a neuropsychiatrist at McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, offers "a theoretical definition that takes into account many cultural, religious, and philosophical themes is that wisdom represents a demonstrated superior ability to understand the nature and behavior of things, people, or events." He states "this results in an increased ability to predict behavior or events which then may be used to benefit self or others." He furthermore adds "there is more often a desire to share the accrued benefits with a larger group for the purpose of promoting survival, cohesion, or well-being of that group. The benefits do not result from malicious or antisocial intents or inequitable behavior. Environmental factors, such as family, education, socioeconomic status, culture, and religion, are involved in generating the milieu in which the personal value system develops. Many of these same factors also influence how a given community decides whether wisdom is present or not. This model of wisdom relies on the individual's ability to generate a mental representation of the self (cognitive, emotional, and physical), the external world, and the dynamic relationship of the self with the external world." Dr. Legesse proposes that "the neural (brain) systems critical to enable these functions are distributed but heavily dependent on those that support memory, learning, understanding other people's mental states (Theory of Mind), and assigning relative value to information." The neuroanatomy of wisdom he says depends on "the three frontosubcortical neural networks, the limbic system, and the mirror neuron system" which "are of particular importance for supporting these activities." He describes the function of this neural system as working "in concert to weigh and estimate the risks and benefits of various mentally modeled courses of action to generate wisdom." It was proposed that "the neural substrates of empathy may be conceptualized as biasing the information processing network in favor of valuing others, interpersonal communication, cooperation, and community." [19]
Religious perspectives[edit]
Some religions have specific teachings relating to wisdom.
Ancient Egypt[edit]
Sia represents the personification of wisdom or the god of wisdom in Ancient Egyptian Mythology.
Bahai Faith[edit]
Wisdom and the acquiring of it is mentioned frequently in the Bahai Scriptures. According to the scriptures "The essence of wisdom is the fear of God, the dread of His scourge and punishment, and the apprehension of His justice and decree."[20] Wisdom is seen as a light, that casts away darkness, and "its dictates must be observed under all circumstances",[21] other concepts associated with wisdom and being wise are considering "the regard of place and the utterance of discourse according to measure and state" and not believing or accepting what other people say so easily.[22]
One may obtain knowledge and wisdom through God, his Word, and his Divine Manifestation and the source of all learning is the knowledge of God.[23]
Hebrew Bible & Judaism[edit]
In the Hebrew Bible, wisdom is represented by Solomon, who asks God for wisdom in 2Chronicles 1. Much of the Book of Proverbs, a book of wise sayings, is attributed to Solomon. In Proverbs 1:7 and Proverbs 9:10, the awe of YHWH is called the beginning or foundation of wisdom while Proverbs 8:13 declares "To fear YHWH is to hate injustice". In Proverbs 1:20, there is also reference to wisdom personified in female form, "Wisdom calls aloud in the streets, she raises her voice in the marketplaces." (Adan) Continuing in Proverbs 8:22–31, this personified wisdom is described as being present with God before creation began and even taking part in creation itself, delighting especially in human beings.
The word wisdom (חכם) is mentioned 222 times in the Hebrew Bible. It was regarded as one of the highest virtues among the Israelites along with kindness (חסד) and justice (צדק). Both the books of Proverbs and Psalms urge readers to obtain and to increase in wisdom. Here are some of the roles that the Hebrew Bible ascribes to wisdom:
- Building and establishing civilization (Proverbs 24:3–4).
- Elevating life (Proverbs 3:21-23).
- Safety and avoiding misery (Proverbs 3:21–23).
- Exceeding the value of gold and silver (Proverbs 16:16).
- Giver of patience and glory (Proverbs 19:11).
- She (Wisdom) is the primal architect of creation who existed with God before the universe was formed (Proverbs 8:30)[24]
Wisdom is also personified as a righteous woman in the Book of Proverbs.
The Talmud teaches that a wise person is a person who can foresee the future. Nolad is the Hebrew word for "future," but also the Hebrew word for birth, so one rabbinic interpretation of the teaching is that a wise person is one who can foresee the consequences of his/her choices (i.e. can "see the future" that he/she "gives birth" to).[25]
New Testament & Christianity[edit]
There is an oppositional element in Christian thought between secular wisdom and Godly wisdom. The apostle Paul states that worldly wisdom thinks the claims of Christ to be foolishness. However, to those who are "on the path to salvation" Christ represents the wisdom of God. (1Corinthians 1:17–31) Also, Wisdom is one of the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit according to Anglican, Catholic, and Lutheran belief. 1Corinthians 12:8–10 gives an alternate list of nine virtues, among which wisdom is one.
Qur'an & Islam[edit]
In Islam, Wisdom is deemed as one of the greatest gifts humankind can enjoy. The Quran states :
"He gives wisdom to whom He wills, and whoever has been given wisdom has certainly been given much good. And none will remember except those of understanding."
There are a number of verses where the Q'uran specifically talks about the nature of wisdom. In Surah 22 Al-Hajj (The Pilgrimage) it is said, "Have they not travelled in the land, and have they hearts wherewith to feel and ears wherewith to hear? For indeed it is not the eyes that grow blind, but it is the hearts, which are within the bosoms, that grow blind." (verse 46). In another Surah Al-'An`ām (The Cattle) it's said,
"Say: "Come, I will rehearse what Allah (God) hath (really) prohibited you from": Join not anything as equal with Him; be good to your parents; kill not your children on a plea of want;― We provide sustenance for you and for them;― come not nigh to shameful deeds, whether open or secret; take not life, which Allah hath made sacred, except by way of justice and law: thus doth He command you, that ye may learn wisdom"
According to Confucius, wisdom can be learned by three methods: reflection[disambiguation needed] (the noblest), imitation (the easiest) and experience (the bitterest). Wisdom is not told by self but unless asked for by another. This means a wise man never tells his wisdom unless asked person to person.
According to "Doctrine of the Mean," Confucius also said, "Love of learning is akin to wisdom. To practice with vigor is akin to humanity. To know to be shameful is akin to courage (zhi, ren, yi.. three of Mengzi's sprouts of virtue)." Compare this with the beginning of the Confucian classic "Great Learning" which begins with "The Way of learning to be great consists in manifesting the clear character, loving the people, and abiding in the highest good" one can clearly see the correlation with the Roman virtue prudence especially if one transliterates clear character as clear conscience. (from Chan's Sources of Chinese Philosophy).
Buddhist scriptures teach that a wise person is endowed with good bodily conduct, good verbal conduct, and good mental conduct.(AN 3:2) A wise person does actions that are unpleasant to do but give good results, and doesn't do actions that are pleasant to do but give bad results (AN 4:115). Wisdom is the antidote to the self-chosen poison of ignorance. The Buddha has much to say on the subject of wisdom including:
- He who arbitrates a case by force does not thereby become just (established in Dhamma). But the wise man is he who carefully discriminates between right and wrong.[28]
- He who leads others by nonviolence, righteously and equitably, is indeed a guardian of justice, wise and righteous.[29]
- One is not wise merely because he talks much. But he who is calm, free from hatred and fear, is verily called a wise man.[30]
- By quietude alone one does not become a sage (muni) if he is foolish and ignorant. But he who, as if holding a pair of scales, takes the good and shuns the evil, is a wise man; he is indeed a muni by that very reason. He who understands both good and evil as they really are, is called a true sage.[31]
To recover the original supreme wisdom of self-nature covered by the self-imposed three dusty poisons (greed, anger, ignorance) Buddha taught to his students the threefold training by turning greed into generosity and discipline, anger into kindness and meditation, ignorance into wisdom. As the Sixth Patriarch of Chán Buddhism, Huineng, said in his Platform Sutra,"Mind without dispute is self-nature discipline, mind without disturbance is self-nature meditation, mind without ignorance is self-nature wisdom."
In Taoism, wisdom is construed as adherence to the Three Treasures (Taoism): charity, simplicity, and humility.
- Knowing others is intelligence;
- knowing yourself is true wisdom.
- Mastering others is strength;
- mastering yourself is true power.
(Tao Te Ching, 33, tr. S. Mitchell)
The major knowledge source in Hinduism is the vast knowledge achieved by the sages over thousands of years and stored in form of 4 vedas, 8 siddhis, 9 Niddhis and Major religious books, for example Ramayana and Mahabharata. Wisdom in Hinduism is considered a state of mind and soul where a person achieves liberation or salvation.
The God of intellect (wisdom) is Lord Ganesha and of knowledge is goddess Saraswati. The Sanskrit verse to attain knowledge is
"Om Asato maa sad-gamaya;
tamaso maa jyotir-ga-maya;
mrtyor-maa amrutam gamaya.
Om Shaantih Shaantih Shaantih".
"O Lord Lead me from the unreal to the real.
Lead me from darkness to light.
Lead me from death to immortality.
May there be peace, peace, and perfect peace". a Sanskrit invocation from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishads 1.3.28.
The Hindu religion talks about ayurveda, the wisdom of traditional Hindu medicine. Ayurveda means "knowledge of life". It teaches that the mind and body are one (an ancient wisdom). In ancient times, it was used to try to cure disease. However, today it is used to help people relax and feel healthy.[32]
But this explanation is only a partial explanation for the word "Wisdom". Wisdom as per Hindu religion is knowing oneself as the truth, basis for the entire Creation, i.e., of "Shristi". In other words "wisdom" simply means a person with Self Awareness as the one who witnesses the entire creation in all its facets and forms. Further it means realization that an individual, i.e., "Jeeva" Atma, through 'right conduct and living' over an unspecified period (it varies from individual to individual) comes to realize his/her true relationship with the creation and the "Param" Atma i.e.,'God' who rules it.
Mesopotamian and Norse Mythology[edit]
In Mesopotamian religion and mythology, Enki, also known as Ea, was the God of wisdom and intelligence. Wisdom was achieved by restoring balance.
In Norse mythology, the god Odin is especially known for his wisdom, often acquired through various hardships and ordeals involving pain and self-sacrifice. In one instance he plucked out an eye and offered it to Mímir, guardian of the well of knowledge and wisdom, in return for a drink from the well.[33] In another famous account, Odin hanged himself for nine nights from Yggdrasil, the World Tree that unites all the realms of existence, suffering from hunger and thirst and finally wounding himself with a spear until he gained the knowledge of runes for use in casting powerful magic.[34] He was also able to acquire the mead of poetry from the giants, a drink of which could grant the power of a scholar or poet, for the benefit of gods and mortals alike.[33]
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Wisdom |
Sapience is often defined as wisdom, or the ability of an organism or entity to act with appropriate judgement, a mental faculty which is a component of intelligence or alternatively may be considered an additional faculty, apart from intelligence, with its own properties. Robert Sternberg[35] has segregated the capacity for judgement from the general qualifiers for intelligence, which is closer to cognizant aptitude than to wisdom. Displaying sound judgement in a complex, dynamic environment is a hallmark of wisdom.
The word sapience is derived from the Latin sapientia, meaning "wisdom".[36] Related to this word is the Latin verb sapere, meaning "to taste, to be wise, to know"; the present participle of sapere forms part of Homo sapiens, the Latin binomial nomenclature created by Carolus Linnaeus to describe the human species. Linnaeus had originally given humans the species name of diurnus, meaning man of the day. But he later decided that the dominating feature of humans was wisdom, hence application of the name sapiens. His chosen biological name was intended to emphasize man's uniqueness and separation from the rest of the animal kingdom.
In fantasy fiction and science fiction, sapience often describes an essential human property that bestows "personhood" onto a non-human. It indicates that a computer, alien, mythical creature or other object will be treated as a completely human character, with similar rights, capabilities and desires as any human character. The words "sentience", "self-awareness" and "consciousness" are used in similar ways in science fiction.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
- ^ "Wisdom is the right use of knowledge." – Charles Haddon Spurgeon (1834–1892)
- ^ Turnbill, S (2011, 12 8). "Athena, Greek goddess of wisdom and craftsmanship". Goddessgift.com.
- ^ But note that two thousand years after Aristotle, Isaac Newton was forced to admit that "I have not yet been able to discover the cause of these properties of gravity"
- ^ "Myths about Roman goddess minerva. (n.d.)". Roman-colosseum.info.
- ^ "Matthew 11:19 (KJV): "The Son of man came eating and drinking, and they say, Behold a man gluttonous, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners. But wisdom is justified of her children". Bible.cc.
- ^ "Matthew 10:16 (KJV): "Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves". Bible.cc.
- ^ "Native American wisdom". Thewildwest.org. 2010.
- ^ "Character education: our shared responsibility". Ed.gov. 31 May 2005.
- ^ knowledgetowisdom.org, Friends of Wisdom "an association of people sympathetic to the idea that academic inquiry should help humanity acquire more wisdom by rational means" founded by Maxwell.
- ^ Sternberg, R. J. (1985). Implicit theories of intelligence, creativity, and wisdom. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 607–62.
- ^ Brown, S. C., & Greene, J. A. (2006). The Wisdom Development Scale: Translating the conceptual to the concrete. Journal of College Student Development, 47, 1–19.
- ^ a b c Harter, Andrew C. (2004). "8". In Peterson, Christopher and Seligman, Martin E. P.. Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 181–196. ISBN 0-19-516701-5.
- ^ a b Orwoll, L.; Perlmutter, M. (1990). R. J. Sternberg, ed. Wisdom: Its nature, origins, and development. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 160–177. ISBN 0-521-36718-2.
- ^ Grossmann, Igor; Jinkyung Na, Michael E W. Varnum, Denise C. Park, Shinobu Kitayama, Richard E. Nisbett (2010). "Reasoning about social conflicts improves into old age". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107 (16): 7246–7250. doi:10.1073/pnas.1001715107. PMC 2867718. PMID 20368436. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ Neurobiology of Wisdom: A Literature Overview.
- ^ Peterson, Christopher; Seligman, Martin E. P. (2004). Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 106. ISBN 0-19-516701-5.
- ^ Ferrari, Michel (2012). The Scientific Study of Personal Wisdom. Springer Verlag. ISBN 978-9048192304.
- ^ Vervaeke, John. "The Cognitive Science of Wisdom". Mind Matters Conference. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
- ^ Legesse B, Price BH., Murray ED Brain-Behavior Relations. In: Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, 2nd Edition. Vilanayur S Ramachandran MD PhD(ed) Academic Press. 16 March 2012. ISBN 978-0123750006
- ^ "Bahai Reference Library". Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh Revealed After the Kitáb-i-Aqdas. US Bahá'í Publishing Trust, 1988 pocket-size edition. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
- ^ Browne, ʻAbduʹl-Bahá ; translated by Edward G. (1980). A traveler's narrative. (New and corr. ed. ed.). Wilmette, Ill.: Bahá'i Publ. Trust. p. 46. ISBN 0877431345.
- ^ Browne, ʻAbduʹl-Bahá ; translated by Edward G. (1980). A traveler's narrative. (New and corr. ed. ed.). Wilmette, Ill.: Bahá'i Publ. Trust. ISBN 0877431345.
- ^ Esslemont, J.E. (2006). Bahá'u'lláh and the new era : an introduction to the Bahá'í faith. Wilmette, Ill.: Bahá'í Pub. Trust. ISBN 1931847274.
- ^ "master workman", Hebrew
- ^ Wolpe, David, perf. "Re'eh: What it Means to Choose." Rabbi David Wolpe. Sinai Temple, 11 Aug 2012. web. 16 Aug 2013.
- ^ Quran 2:269
- ^ Quran 6:151
- ^ Dhammapada v. 256
- ^ Dhammapada v. 257
- ^ Dhammapada v. 258
- ^ Dhammapada v. 268–9
- ^ Jaret, Peter (9 March 2006). "Awash in Ancient Hindu Wisdom". New York Times.
- ^ a b Faulkes, Anthony (transl. and ed.) (1987). Edda (Snorri Sturluson). Everyman. ISBN 0-460-87616-3
- ^ Larrington, Carolyne (transl. and ed.) (1996). Poetic Edda. Oxford World's Classics. ISBN 0-19-283946-2
- ^ Sternberg, Robert J. (2003). Wisdom, Intelligence, and Creativity Synthesized. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-80238-5.
- ^ Lewis, C.T. and Short, C. (1963). Latin Dictionary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-864201-5.
Further reading[edit]
This section contains information of unclear or questionable importance or relevance to the article's subject matter. Please help improve this article by clarifying or removing superfluous information. (December 2010) |
- Allen, James Sloan, Worldly Wisdom: Great Books and the Meanings of Life, Frederic C. Beil, 2008. ISBN 978-1-929490-35-6
- Miller, James, L., "Measures of Wisdom: The Cosmic Dance in Classical and Christian Antiquity", University of Toronto Press, 1986. ISBN 0-8020-2553-6
- Velasquez, Susan McNeal, "Beyond Intellect: Journey Into the Wisdom of Your Intuitive Mind", Row Your Boat Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-9796410-0-8
- Freduci Philomathis, "What is this thing called wisdom?", Journal Behind the State of the Art, Maybell, Colorado, 2006
- E. F. Schumacher, "Small is Beautiful", Harper and Row, New York, New York, 1989.
- Sternberg, Robert J., Wisdom: Its Nature, Origins, and Development (1990). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36718-9 [importance?]
- Conover, Sarah and Wahl, Valerie, "Kindness: A Treasury of Buddhist Wisdom for Children and Parents (This Little Light of Mine)", Skinner House Books, 2010. ISBN 978-1-55896-568-3
- Legesse B, Price BH., Murray ED Brain-Behavior Relations. In: Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, 2nd Edition. Vilanayur S Ramachandran MD PhD(ed) Academic Press. 16 March 2012. ISBN 978-0123750006
External links[edit]
Look up wisdom in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Look up -wise in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Look up sophont in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wisdom. |
- Wisdom at PhilPapers
- Wisdom at the Indiana Philosophy Ontology Project
- Wisdom entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- Atlas of Wisdom: Wisdom in Psychology and Spirituality
- From Knowledge to Wisdom
- Where is the Wisdom We have Lost in Knowledge?
- Wisdom in Perspective
- Ancient texts
- Hermetic scriptures
- Tiny Buddha wisdom quotes
- Occult/world scriptures
- Wisdom: The Interval Between the Notes
- John-uebersax.com, Wisdom Lexicon Project
- Who is Wisdom in Proverbs 8?


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my daughter has attended ACPA since the 2nd semester of her freshman year and she is now a senior. i gave her an opportunity to go to the school of her choice her freshman year and she chose sahuaro. i gave her one semester to prove to me that she would get good grades and she came home with 2 f's. i then enrolled her into a school of my choice and stumbled upon ACPA. im very happy i did. she has made such a huge improvement and now is about to graduate highschool but better yet, wants to attend college. she is now thinking about a future where education is important and i know that ACPA is a big part of that reason. The teachers, principal and even the front office lady are very open and easy to talk to. i have needed to talk to them on several occasions to voice any concerns i had and they were always open and willing to hear anthing i said. as a single mother, i appreciate that because i am glad that i have people on my side that care about my daughter and what she does with her life. i love the dress codes that they inforce, the classroom environments and even the lunch options that they have for my daughter. if you are considering to bring your child to ACPA, YOU SHOULD!
I've followed ACPA closely since its inception in 1998/1999. The teachers and staff have always adhered to the principle of offering the best education possible to every student in attendance. Their higher than average (95%) graduation rate for their seniors speaks to the efficacy of their teaching methods. The incredible, and personal synergy created by the caring teacher, and the student, prepares the young person far beyond a diploma. The student is helped to appreciate the life around them and how their part will help everyone around them. This grandfather has seen the effect of ACPA's educational leadership in their graduates years after their time in high school. The kids eyes have been opened to look at the world around them far differently than the usual public curriculum. Thank you ACPA!
I am currently a Student at ACPA and have attended it for three years. ACPA is truly a college Prep school preparing me not only for the academic challenges of going to college but for the social ways as well. With the small school environment each student gets a chance to achieve their personal best. Anyone looking for a College Prep experience should strongly consider ACPA. (Anyone not looking to go to college probably shouldn't)
Arizona College Prep Academy is an excellent school because it has the best staff and administration, the very best of the students, who want to show the world that everybody matters and everybody can make a difference in their communities and in their countries, with proper education and love and respect for each other.
I'm so pleased with the quality of the curriculum, and teachers at ACPA. The teacher involvement with the kids is simply outstanding. I would highly encourage any family desiring something a little bit extra for their children to consider this outstanding school. Thank you, ACPA!
From my experience at this school I have found that they, the staff, move slowly but thoroughly. They get you about 95-98% prepared for the AIMS and all the teachers work as a community. Their methodology for dividing the classes could use some work. The principal, who doesn't have to much time her hands, teaches the higher level English classes and the only problem I have with that is that MOST ALL of the assignments are highly subjective which is not conducive to a school environment, one of which was a study of the book called "The N word" where weeks were spent giving each other opinions about a document that quite honestly nobody in the class truly cared about. Personally, based on my observations, the school needs to teach the students to keep their opinions to themselves because by sharing an opinion you create conflict which does not make it easy to actually learn.
The school is basically a cult. If you dont conform to their way of thinking, youre an outcast. I left the school and succeeded much more than i did when i was there. The teachers want to brainwash you and not to think for yourself. Creativity and individuality are not welcome.
I spent all four years of my high school career at ACPA. As a student going into my junior year at the University of Arizona, and having designed my own interdisciplinary degree program, I can confidently say that ACPA was exactly what I needed to get my academic career on track. Thanks to the dedicated and academically diverse faculty at ACPA, I'm living a future I only once dreamed of. Parents, please strongly consider sending your kid to this school. You'd be doing a disservice to your child and to yourself by putting them in the failing TUSD system.
As a teacher recently retired from ACPA, I am thankful that my final years of classroom teaching were among teachers, staff, and administrators of such excellence. The opportunity to watch student's lives change through the efforts of a totally committed group of teachers was a real privilege. Wonders happen when the well-being of students is always first in the minds of teachers.
This was my first year at ACPA and I enjoyed it. When I first arrived I didn't want to be there at all. If your child is like me the teachers will do their best to get you to enjoy your time. If you don't like it they won't force you to like it. You face a rigorous yet manageable schedule. You face a feeling of community the moment you step into the building. The students help you figure out what to do. Scholarship time of the year was when I really started opening my eyes and seeing that TUSD was nothing compared to ACPA.
My son just graduated from High School. His performance went from a D - C Student to an A - B student. His attitude and behavior also changed for better and now he is ready for College. Thanks to the school and teachers efforts my son was able to accomplished this goal and now his future is brighter and better. Thanks Amerischools!!
All three of our children are in the Amerischools system and we couldn't be happier with their progress.
ACPA is remarkable in its efforts to get their students ready for the bigger challenge of life after high school. I would recommend ACPA to any of my family and friends. The teachers are enormously caring...they really want each student to succeed. And, if college is a goal? They make every student ready and help them with scholarship assistance. The teaching staff have a remarkable record of their students receiving well deserved scholarships from universities across the country. I'm a grandparent and am so pleased with my own grandchildren's education at ACPA.
I switched to ACPA after 2 years at my public high school and it was the best decision that my parents could have made. The difference in my education after I switched was truly astounding. Unlike my previous high school, where the teachers hardly listened or took the time to understand the students and their needs, I was now at a school with teachers who were genuinely interested and concerned with my education and my future. They helped nurture the student that I knew I could be, but had struggled to be at a big public high school. My first 2 years of school my grades included a number of Cs in Ds and never an A. But By the time I graduated from ACPA I had almost straight As for my final semester. This is a school I highly recommend. It is truly education at its best and one of the most positive high school experiences that a student can ask for.
ACPA was one of the best experiences I ever had. Never before had I known what it felt like to be a part of a community or how to work towards and make choices that would lead to a better life for me now. In addition to being academically challenging, one is encouraged to learn valuable skills in areas such as leadership and citizenship that really set a foundation for how the real world outside of a school environment works. Be prepared, if considering ACPA, to be held accountable to your actions and to be pushed past your comfort zone. But also be prepared to feel more love and community than you ever thought possible. If you want to go to college with the most opportunities possible, ACPA is the place that will do everything in its power to get those opportunities for you. I am a very proud alumni and I never hesitate to recommend ACPA to anyone who looking for a high school.
My son LOVES this school! He wakes up in the morning & WANTS to go to school! He gets the one on one attention he needs. All the teachers seem to be very dedicated, caring, & proficient at their jobs. Every one gets along with everyone else & my son is EXCITED about his future! I feel the environment at this school is laid back yet serious about education. The passion for education & building a great foundation for the future is resounding within these walls! This is my son's first year here & has already received offers from colleges wanting him to attend. I love that we don't have to worry about a scholarship, this school (and my son) will make sure my son gets one! We moved here from the Mid-west & finding a school that ranks with that was a BLESSING!
As an Alumni from ACPA I can tell you from personal experience. When I came to the school i thought i could blow off everything just like i did at the local public middle school. But ACPA offered me a curriculum that challenged me to succeed, I went from a C and D student my freshman year to an A and B student my Junior and Senior years, because these teachers pushed me to succeed, and made me want more out of life than money. and a decent job, they made me want a family, and to find a way in my own way to make the world a better place.
Community ratings and reviews do not represent the views of GreatSchools nor does GreatSchools check their accuracy or verify the reviewers' identities. Use your discretion when evaluating these reviews.
The Community Rating is the school's average rating from its community members (e.g., parents, students, and school staff). The highest possible rating is five stars; the lowest is one star.
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Sunday Martin is a supreme agent. He cleverly selected a Gay pub for our rendezvous. A brilliant stratagem. Anyone from the security services that was following him would have stood out a mile to the locals. Martin assured me that confidentiality is assured in such establishments and agents of conformity are quickly identified. A most fruitful evening and Martin generously paid for the drinks. Work begins on the Sundered Land Generator.
Saturday It has arrived! The final piece of the Apocalypse Motor is within my grasp! I will be collecting it from Martin after work. He has proposed that we do the exchange over a drink. Again, an excellent suggestion. He appears to be a natural at this. He was delighted to learn that I am really looking forward to seeing him tonight.
Friday Pleased to report that Martins position as my chief lieutenant is almost confirmed. I inadvertently referred to him as my Cats Paw today and he reacted most enthusiastically. He will be the first of many to recognise my greatness. Still struggling to understand why, even despite their limited intellectual capacity, the others still refuse to do so.
Thursday Have decided to leave the biological source material for the Clone army in work as power at home continues to be an issue. Considering building a small nuclear reactor to prevent it happening again. Funds remain an issue. Payday in 3 days! Badger, the spot ridden fool, around again. He believes that someone is piggy backing on his broadband connection and has asked me to help identify them. Must change computer name.
Wednesday Martin confirms he has won the auction on e-bay for my Rolling Destruction devices component. It has been shipped and will be here within the week. Excellent! Martin is proving his worth but I must be circumspect in revealing my plans until I am sure that he is not being monitored by the security services. I have also managed to salvage some biological prototype material ( the key components are easily obtained ) and have stored it in the ...


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V Australia One way fares
Monday 20 July 2009: V Australia continues to shake up the market with the introduction of super cheap one-way tickets between Australia and Los Angeles offering more flexibility for travellers, which are on sale from today Monday 20 July.
While one-way fares are not new to the arena, V Australia is the first airline to offer one-way fares across ALL of its fare brackets to the US, including its lowest lead-in fares, offering one-way International Economy tickets from just $579*, approximately 70% lower than the lowest one-way fare currently offered by competitor airlines^.
Virgin Blue Group Chief Executive, Brett Godfrey, said the initiative was another example of V Australia remaining open and adaptable to new ideas and championing change for consumers.
"Nine years ago when Virgin Blue entered the market we virtually invented the concept of affordable, unrestricted one-way domestic fares by removing the archaic 'advanced purchase conditions' and minimum stay requirements then associated with expensive one-way fares.
"The biggest joke in the industry was that for the cheapest and least-restrictive one-way fare, travellers had to purchase a return fare and throw away the return portion. This was obviously good for the airlines, but not so for travellers and Virgin Blue changed all that and now we're doing the same for trans-Pacific travel on V Australia."
Currently trans-Pacific one-way fares on other carriers are only available in the higher fare brackets.
Brett Godfrey continued, "Effectively travellers get stung twice for even considering a one-way fare which is usually exquisitely expensive coupled with extensive conditions.
"With V Australia's new 'freedom fare' we've certainly made it easier and much more affordable for those who want flexibility for their return flight, or only need to travel in one direction."
Availability of affordable one-way fares is great news for students, backpackers, expats and those on working holidays who may not necessarily have a firm return date.
If travellers are in doubt about their travel plans, buying a one-way fare will also negate any penalty fees that usually apply to the lower fare brackets if changes are made to a return flight after the booking is confirmed.
One-way fares from Australia to LAX are only available for purchase online at www.vaustralia.com.au and do not include through fares via Los Angeles to other US destinations as operated by V Australia's code-share partners.
One-way fares from Los Angeles to Australia are only available for purchase online at www.vaustralia.com and travellers headed down-under are also able to purchase one-way 'through fares' from LA to Sydney or Brisbane and onwards throughout Australia on Virgin Blue's extensive flight network.
^ Fares sourced on 19 July 2009 from www.qantas.com.au and http://travel.united.com.
For a one-way SYD-LA flight with Qantas for travel on 20 August 2009 the lowest one-way fare on sale was for $1928.
For a one-way SYD-LA flight with United for travel on 20 August 2009 the lowest one-way fare on sale was for $1928.
* There are no maximum or minimum stay requirements as part of the fare however length of stay in LA is subject to applicable visa requirements. Departing Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne to Los Angeles. Connecting flight between Melbourne and Sydney for travel before 15 September 2009. All fares are subject to availability and may vary until ticketed, are for economy one way travel. Conditions and travel restrictions apply. For travel between 20 Jul 2009 – 30 Nov 2009. Seats are limited and may not be available on all flights or peak days. An additional charge of $15 AUD per Guest per booking is applicable to all fares paid by credit/debit card. Tickets purchased through the Guest Contact Centre cost $50 AUD more. Connecting flights between Australian domestic ports are operated by Virgin Blue Airlines. Non stop flights from Melbourne due to commence 15 September 2009 and are subject to regulatory approval. Fares are correct as at 17 Jul 2009 and are subject to change and are non refundable. On sale until 4 Aug 2009, or until sold out. For one-way fares ex-Australia log on to www.vaustralia.com.au and for one-way fares ex-America log onto www.vaustralia.com.


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A Day in the Life of Wild B.I.R.D.
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Wild B.I.R.D. is a local organization that provides comprehensive rehabilitation to sick, injured, or abandoned birds, and educates the public about bird welfare and conservation. Learn what they do, what it takes to rehabilitate a bird, and why their mission is so important to our environment. Their stories will inspire you!
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News & Events
UNC Asheville 2012 Weather Calendar Goes On Sale
November 15, 2011
Just in time for the winter weather season, UNC Asheville offers the 2012 Western North Carolina Weather Calendar, complete with daily average high and low temperatures, phases of the moon and daily sunrise and sunset times.
Published by UNC Asheville's Atmospheric Sciences Department, the unique 12-month calendar features Asheville climatological data including monthly temperature and precipitation normals, monthly heating and cooling degree days and a wind-chill-factor chart, which has been completely updated based on the normals recently published by the NOAA/NESDIS/National Climatic Data Center with data from 1981-2010.
The weather may change, but the cost of the calendar has held steady at $7, postage included. Please make checks payable to "Weather Calendar" and mail to: Dr. Alex Huang, ATMS UNC Asheville, CPO 2450, One University Heights, Asheville, NC 28804.
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But there is a way ahead.
Why missing data matters
Reboxetine is a drug I myself have prescribed. Other drugs had done nothing for this particular patient, so we wanted to try something new. I'd read the trial data before I wrote the prescription, and found only well-designed, fair tests, with overwhelmingly positive results. Reboxetine was better than placebo, and as good as any other antidepressant in head-to-head comparisons. It's approved for use by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (the MHRA) in the UK, but wisely, the U.S. chose not to approve it. (This is no proof of the FDA being any smarter; there are plenty of drugs available in the U.S. that the UK never approved.) Reboxetine was clearly a safe and effective treatment. The patient and I discussed the evidence briefly, and agreed it was the right treatment to try next. I signed a prescription saying I wanted my patient to have this drug.
But we had both been misled. In October 2010 a group of researchers were finally able to bring together all the trials that had ever been conducted on reboxetine.6 Through a long process of investigation—searching in academic journals, but also arduously requesting data from the manufacturers and gathering documents from regulators—they were able to assemble all the data, both from trials that were published, and from those that had never appeared in academic papers.
When all this trial data was put together it produced a shocking picture. Seven trials had been conducted comparing reboxetine against placebo. Only one, conducted in 254 patients, had a neat, positive result, and that one was published in an academic journal, for doctors and researchers to read. But six more trials were conducted, in almost ten times as many patients. All of them showed that reboxetine was no better than a dummy sugar pill. None of these trials was published. I had no idea they existed.
It got worse. The trials comparing reboxetine against other drugs showed exactly the same picture: three small studies, 507 patients in total, showed that reboxetine was just as good as any other drug. They were all published. But 1,657 patients' worth of data was left unpublished, and this unpublished data showed that patients on reboxetine did worse than those on other drugs. If all this wasn't bad enough, there was also the side effects data. The drug looked fine in the trials which appeared in the academic literature: but when we saw the unpublished studies, it turned out that patients were more likely to have side effects, more likely to drop out of taking the drug, and more likely to withdraw from the trial because of side effects, if they were taking reboxetine rather than one of its competitors.
If you're ever in any doubt about whether the stories in this book make me angry—and I promise you, whatever happens, I will keep to the data, and strive to give a fair picture of everything we know—you need only look at this story. I did everything a doctor is supposed to do. I read all the papers, I critically appraised them, I understood them, I discussed them with the patient, and we made a decision together, based on the evidence. In the published data, reboxetine was a safe and effective drug. In reality, it was no better than a sugar pill, and worse, it does more harm than good. As a doctor I did something which, on the balance of all the evidence, harmed my patient, simply because unflattering data was left unpublished.
If you find that amazing, or outrageous, your journey is just beginning. Because nobody broke any law in that situation, reboxetine is still on the market, and the system that allowed all this to happen is still in play, for all drugs, in all countries in the world. Negative data goes missing, for all treatments, in all areas of science. The regulators and professional bodies we would reasonably expect to stamp out such practices have failed us.


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I am the reporter and photographer for the Tomball Tribune. I'm originally from Ozark, Mo., a growing city between Springfield and Branson. I have been a journalist, editor and political consultant over the years. I am an avid St. Louis Cardinals and Dallas Cowboys fan and a complete karaoke addict.
Greater Tomball Area Chamber of Commerce representatives Sandy Krug (left), Leo Corley (right), and Northpointe Intermediate School Principal Darrell McReynolds (second from left) congratulate Buffy Rochard (second from right) for being selected as the chamber's Teacher of the Month. Rochard has worked at Tomball ISD for 18 years. She teaches sixth grade English language arts. Corley and Krug presented her with an engraved crystal apple and a $100 gift card.
A 48-year-old north Montgomery County resident has been confirmed to have the West Nile Virus, the first case in the county this year. Ten West Nile cases have been reported in Texas this year. The infected Montgomery County resident is doing well, according to health officials.
"Using mosquito repellent isn't the only thing you can do to fend off the virus," said Dr. Syed Ibrahim, chief epidemiologist at the Montgomery County Hospital District Public Health Department.. "Residents also need to wear protective clothing when outdoors and make their home unattractive to mosquitoes by emptying containers that may collect rainwater and sprinkler water."
The West Nile Virus is spread through mosquito bites – mosquitoes acquire the virus from birds and pass it on to other birds, animals and people. Symptoms of West Nile in infected people include flu-like symptoms with moderate to high fever, headache, muscle weakness or joint pain, fatigue and nausea. More severe signs and symptoms can include possible seizures, paralysis and respiratory symptoms. When symptoms of infection do occur, they usually appear 5-15 days from the time an individual is bitten.
Residents should contact their family physician if they think they have been infected.
To help eliminate mosquito-breeding sites and prevent mosquito-borne diseases, residents should do the following:
• Wear long pants and long-sleeve shirts when outdoors, particularly at dawn and dusk.
• Use insect repellent that contains DEET. Children should use insect repellents that contain less than 10 percent DEET. Do not apply DEET on babies. Adults should use insect repellents that contain more than 10 percent DEET.
• Make sure screens on windows and doors are in good condition.
• Keep storm sewers clean to reduce mosquito breeding.
• Sweep up lawn clippings, leaves and limbs from sidewalks, driveways, curbs and gutters.
• Don't let lawn water or car-washing water enter the street.
• Pick up litter and other debris from the yard and the street.
• Keep mosquitoes out of the house.
• Keep doors and windows closed.
• Seal cracks and gaps in the house.
• If mosquitoes are in the house, use flying insect spray, following label instructions.
• Empty, remove or dispose of anything in the yard that can hold water: flower pot saucers, cans, toys, litter, rain barrels, plastic sheeting, etc.
• Pet water bowls and birdbaths should be emptied and refilled at least twice a week.
• Keep rain gutters on the house clean and properly draining.
• Repair household water leaks and move air-conditioner drain hoses frequently.
Four men now sit in the Montgomery County Jail, charged in the theft of more than $300,000 worth of steel from a Pinehurst business.
Deputies said that Ivan De La Cruz-Hernandez, 23, Jesus Rojas, 27, Wilmer Orantes, 30 and Geovanni Hernandez-Reyes, 25, were all arrested and charged with theft, following a lengthy investigation. One man, Israel Godoy, 27, remains at large and is wanted on theft charges.
The theft occurred June 15, when deputies allege that the five men broke into Specialty Steel Supply in Pinehurst and took aluminum and nickel rods used for down hole drilling. Police said the five men loaded up two vans and drove off.
The investigations led deputies to the five suspects, four of whom were arrested at various locations in Harris County. Some of the metal rods were recovered as far away as West Virginia.
Sheriff's department officials said it was a cooperative effort between the sheriff's department, Harris County Pct. 4 constables and the Katy Police Department.
According to the Montgomery County Police Reporter, De La Cruz-Hernandez was arrested on July 2 and 16 days later pled guilty and has been sentenced to prison time. He also has a detainer from Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
Rojas, Orante and Hernadez-Reyes all remain in the Montgomery County Jail in lieu of $500,000 bond each. However, Orante has a detainer from ICE as well.
Ezra Charles believes he was born to make music.
"It's my life's greatest source of joy to other people," he said. "A band is the absolute greatest creative outlet."
Charles will bring his passion, love, joy and unique sound to Magnolia Aug. 23, when he performs at Urban Cowgirl Dance Hall & Saloon, 10310 FM 1488, just east of the Magnolia city limits.
Urban Cowgirl is the area's newest entertainment hotspot, according to general manager Nancy Nygaard. The former site of Spur's has been completely remodeled and features an indoor and outdoor stage, a party deck, two bars, pool tables, games and even a Cowgirl Boutique.
"This building was in dire need of repairs," Nygaard said. "We painted, pulled up carpet, epoxied the floors, installed new doors, built an outdoor patio and deck area, along with an outdoor stage, enlarged the indoor stage, added a new indoor bar and gave it a fresh new clean look."
Nygaard said the work has impressed customers.
"The response from our customers has been great," she said. "They love the new look of the facility and love to two step on our big dance floor. We also added the Cowgirl Boutique which sells lots of bling – belts, handbags, jewelry, scarves, hats, flip flops, sunglasses and souvenirs. We also have a private party area for special occasions such as birthday, anniversary, bachelor, bachelorette, retirement and Christmas parties. We have live Country and Western bands every Saturday night and mix it up on Friday nights with different types of performances or karaoke. We also offer free wi-fi."
Nygaard is excited about bringing Charles, a longtime stable on the Texas music scene, to the area.
"I've been watching Ezra perform for a long time," she said. "He was a staple at the Conroe Cajun Catfish Festival for years. We are excited to bring his show to Magnolia for everyone to enjoy."
Charles, who is originally from Beaumont, moved to Houston for college years ago, started his first band and never left. That was more than 30 years ago.
Charles credits his band's longevity to its unique style. What started in 1983 as a rockabilly trio evolved into its current setup two years later, when Charles added a three-piece all female horn section, who also serve as the group's backup singers.
"I always thought that would be fun," he said. "This would be extremely difficult to do without them. They are excellent, top notch performers."
Charles describes his as a cross between Jerry Lee Lewis and Ray Charles with a Willie Nelson vocal sound. He said the sound is as unique and rare as a piano player for a front man.
"It's hard to find a band fronted by a piano player," he said "We have been compared to everything from Little Richard, to Ray Charles to Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys. Our influences are wide-ranging."
"Piano styles started what eventually led to rock 'n' roll," he said. "I don't mean rock music like it is today, but real, true rock 'n' roll."
The band has toured extensively over the years, including South America and Italy. In 2010 the group won the regional contest organized by the Houston Blues Society, earning a trip to Memphis for the International Blue Challenge, where they advanced to the semifinals.
Charles said a large part of the group's success is that they have fun.
'We have a lot of fun on stage, because we love doing this and it seems to transfer into the audience," he said. "When we play it's not hard to listen to us because we draw from a proven sound."
Charles said he is excited to perform at Urban Cowgirl and promises that the show will be fun and exciting.
"It's a great place," he said. "We are excited to play here and everyone that comes will have a great time."
Charles will perform at Urban Cowgirl Aug. 23, from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Doors open at 3 p.m. and there is a $10 cover. Call 281-259-6900 for more information, or find Urban Cowgirl on Facebook here.
With many of the funds lost by state budget cuts yet to be replaced, the Tomball ISD will operate with a shortfall of nearly $1 million this coming school year. Fortunately, district officers foresaw the issue and planned accordingly, setting aside funds to cover the deficit.
The district will be operating with revenues of just more than $118 million, while expenditures are expected to be a bit more than $119 million.
"In 2009 we set aside start-up money to open Tomball Memorial High School," said district chief financial officer Jim Ross. "At that time, we anticipated that a $1 million deficit would occur in the last year of the opening. The 2013-2014 school year is the last year of the opening."
Superintendent Huey Kinchen explained that the budgeting process is a long-term plan.
"During the budget process, we typically forecast about five years ahead of time," he said. "We knew we would experience a deficit budget, so we put money aside to manage the deficit. We spend conservatively, which is a key component to maintaining the financial integrity of our school district."
The district's budget consists of three separate funds. The general revenue fund is the daily operating fund and is budgeted for more than $92 million. The debt service fund has a budget of more than $22 million, while the food service fund has a balance of more than $4.5 million.
Both Ross and Kinchen said the rapid growth rate of the district calls for careful planning and budgeting. The district has operated within the same tax rate for five straight years, but revenues have increased due to the growth.
"In previous years we allocated $8 million for future growth district wide," Ross said. "We do not anticipate a tax increase other than what will be driven by the sale of the bonds related to Bond 2013. Our tax rate has been $1.36 (per every $100 of assessed valuation) for five consecutive years. We plan to continue that rate this year, which is the sixth year for a flat tax rate."
Kinchen said the budget was prepared to continue the level of service from the prior year and that no new items were added to this school year's budget.
"We have not added any new items to the budget, but we are assessing if there are additional budgetary needs for the future," he said.
Kinchen added that the budget would allow for a three percent pay raise for all teachers and staff, as well as the hiring of 96 teachers and staff.


text:
A Ukiah man who had been staying with his girlfriend at a cabin on the 6600 block of Third Gate Road was murdered Friday night.
Mark Maples, 53, of Ukiah, died due to "blunt force injuries" to his head and upper torso, according to the autopsy.
Mendocino County Sheriff's deputies responding to Friday's 7:41 p.m. call about an assault near Third Gate Road met a pickup truck on upper Sherwood Road carrying the victim to the hospital.
Maples was pronounced dead at the scene by medical personnel. He had injuries "consistent with a physical attack." Deputies located the likely murder scene at and around a residence on Third Gate Road, They also found a "large-scale marijuana operation" involving about 1,000 plants. The grow site was a mix of indoor and outdoor plants.
The victim's girlfriend told deputies she found Maples alive but badly injured at the family residence and called for help to get him to the hospital. She and a friend put Maples in the back of a pickup truck. They were driving toward Willits when they met the sheriff's deputies and emergency medical personnel.
Detectives are still unclear on the possible motive for the murder. Nothing was taken from the residence or grow site, according to police.
Anyone with information regarding this incident is encouraged to contact the Mendocino County Sheriffs Office at 463-4086.
Callers can remain anonymous.


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This project is a collection of resources that offers an opportunity to look at Color of Pomegranate (1968) by Sergei Paradjanov, a film about a legenday Armenian Poet in 18th century as a semi-autobiography. Through the research, one can find a significant amount of parallel in between the lives of the subject matter, Sayat Nova and the director Paradjanov as both share undeniably similar ethnic and cultural background as well as the fact that both were creative minds put in exile by authoritative factor, either his religion or oppressive government. It also investigates the political and historical background of this film to suggest Paradjanovs nationalistic aspiration omnipresent throughout not only in this particular film but also in others he created.
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Starring David Niven, Kim Hunter, Robert Coote, Kathleen Byron, Richard Attenborough Directed by Michael Powell, Emeric Pressburger Running Time - 1:44 Genre - SciFi/Fantasy Opened in Theaters - December 25th, 1946 ShowtimesThis movie is not currently playing in theaters. MultimediaRelated News Articles and Web SitesLooking for More Information?Search Google for more information about this movie: |
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THE CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY Office of the Chancellor 400 Golden Shore Drive Long Beach, California 90802-4275 (310) 951-4610 Code: C NOAT 93-10 Date: April 7, 1993 To: Financial Managers Accounting Officers Budget Officers From: Joseph R. Dunn Accounting Officer CSU Controller's Office Subject: Update of Remittance Advices (CA 21)
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text: 04/16/2013 No. 25 UNCW Tops ECU In Midweek Clash, 7-2Reinheimer Collects Three Hits, Bass Extends Hit Streak To 10 Games 03/26/2013 Baseball Game 25: William & Mary at East Carolina03/26/2013 Tribe Hands Pirates Sixth-Straight Loss, 10-4Brown Records Two Hits And Drives In One Run 03/19/2013 UNCW Cruises To 10-3 Victory Over ECUCannon Homers To Extend Hit Streak To Nine Games 03/16/2013 ECU Evens Series With 16-9 Win Over JacksonvilleTen Pirates Collect At Least One Hit, Nine Drive In A Run 2012: Appeared in three games (all in relief) ... Made collegiate debut against Milwaukee (Feb. 18) tossing a scoreless inning and allowing one walk ... Second outing was against VCU (Mar. 13) where he allowed a pair of runs (both earned) on two hits with a walk ... In last outing surrendered one run (unearned) on one hit at High Point (Mar. 21) ... Did not participate in Conference USA or post-season play ... 2012 Summer: Played for the Wilson Tobs in the Coastal Plain League along side teammates Bryan Bass, Zach Houchins and Tyler Joyner ... Appeared in 11 games making eight starts ... Posted a 2-6 record with a 4.42 ERA ... Led the Tobs with 55.0 innings ... Allowed 37 runs (27 earned) on 60 hits ... Fanned 30 while walking 32. Kerr-Vance Academy: 11-time letterwinner for the Spartans (baseball-5, basketball-4, soccer-2) ... High school teammate of fellow Pirate incoming freshman John Allen ... Led the Spartans to a runner-up finish in the State Championships ... Helped the Spartans to a three-year record of 67-19 including the 2010 2A EPIC state title under coach Dave Cline ... As a senior batted .620 (29 hits) with 13 doubles, 10 home runs and 43 RBI ... On the mound sported a 1.11 ERA allowing eight runs on 28 hits with 130 strikeouts in 64.2 innings ... Two time EPIC Player-of-the-Year (2010-11), three-time N.C. All-State and EPIC All Conference selection (2009-11) ... 2011 area player-of-the-year ... Earned 2011 Atlantic Regional Honorable Mention by Perfect Game ... Batted .341 with a home run and 20 RBI as a freshman ... Named to 2008 EPIC All-Tournament Team ... During sophomore season batted .469 (38-for-81) with eight home runs, six doubles and then a school-record 35 RBI ... Fanned just seven times in 81 at-bats ... Posted a 4.26 ERA on the mound ... Took home all-state and all-conference honors ... In 2010 set school-records for batting average (.604/67-for-111), home runs (18) and RBI (68) ... Roped 13 doubles and struck out just once in 111 at-bats ... On the mound posted an 8-2 record with one save ... Fanned 98 batters while walking 16 ... Allowed 14 earned runs in 57 innings with a sporting an impressive 1.72 ERA ... 2010 Louisburg Invitational All-Tournament selection ... 2010 Underclassmen Honorable Mention All-American (Perfect Game) ... Participated in 2008, 2009 and 2010 PG WWBA National Championships in Marietta, Ga. ... Played travel ball for Ricky Keith of the Carolina Cubs ... Member of the Henderson-Post-Kerr Lake American Legion squad under the direction of Tony McGhee ... National Honor Society ... Two-time Honor Roll member. Personal: Full name is Tyler Wesley Bolton ... Born January 27, 1993 ... Son of Bill and Lisa Bolton ... Has two siblings (Whitney and Cale) ... Intended major is business management with a minor in marketing ... Named to Conference USA Commissioner's Honor Roll (2012) and ECU Director of Athletics Honor Roll in the Fall of 2011. CAREER HIGHS - innings pitched: 1.0 vs. Milwaukee-1 (2/18/12); strikeouts: none; walks: 1 (twice, last vs. VCU 3/13/12); hits: 2 vs. VCU (3/13/12); runs: 2 vs. VCU (3/13/12); earned runs: 2 vs. VCU (3/13/12). |


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To clarify, I'm not saying that the unit cap is a console limitation - I'm simply pointing out that the PC version in all likelihood won't have to put up with it, thanks to mods.
To clarify, I'm not saying that the unit cap is a console limitation - I'm simply pointing out that the PC version in all likelihood won't have to put up with it, thanks to mods.
I've read the PC Gamer article over and over again. Firaxis have as good as confirmed it, albeit unoficially. Apart from anything else, I can think of very few games where the modders haven't found a way in to some extent.
Here's the exact quote:
The journalist didn't bring up modding - Jake did. This was after he'd officially confirmed the PC's UI will have nothing to do with that of the consoles. Thank God.Jake keeps going before I even get the chance to ask about mods. "Because it's on Unreal Engine 3 too, the idea is that there's the ability for modability. It won't be anything we're committing to for release, but it's very, very easy using Unreal titles to then give people access to the scripts."
I'd bet on mod tools three months after release. And mods to increase the battlefield soldier count and remove those incredibly brief cutscenes, oh, about twelve seconds after that.
There's a difference between confirming you'll be doing something and mentioning that it's something you'd like to do but "Won't commit to for release". As well, once again I have to bring up the seeming paucity of Unreal 3 game modding which has led me to suspect Epic doesn't like to allow it, so I hope they don't force something into the EULA that allows modders to be taken to court. On the other hand, there's a whole bunch of people, for instance, who were itching to mod Mass Effect 1/2 and it would appear they've never really gotten beyond altering saved games - in that case we can directly point to the developers as the reason; one of the devs gave a long spiel about why they wouldn't be releasing their custom tools (too much time and money to get them into a community workable state or something like that).
It's mildly reassuring, sure, but until it's absolutely confirmed I'm not going to bank on it. I also can't help thinking that out-of-the-box moddability would help in terms of sales in the PC sector, but I can't think of many games that have that. Far Cry and Crysis, maybe. How were they when it came to modding?Here's the exact quote:
The journalist didn't bring up modding - Jake did. This was after he'd officially confirmed the PC's UI will have nothing to do with that of the consoles. Thank God.
You're right - not many games do have out of the box modability, but late is better than never, eh?
And confirmed is better than unconfirmed, and in my case at least immediate is better than late when attempting to entice a full-price, early-cycle sale. But then I feel they're keener to sell this on consoles, where moddability is a moot point (at the moment) anyway.
On the topic of mods, consider this too: "number of units in your squad" might NOT be mod-able. There might be a hard limit present due to the UI. Getting around THAT, would be a heck of a project for anyone to undertake ... especially, without introducing a laundry-list of new bugs.
Exactly. If there are certain assumptions (like: the max. squad size is 6) and the whole code is programmed on these assumptions (for example the available space in aircraft) then its not just a matter of changing a number in some property-file. It might introduce a lot of problems which possibly can not be modded away.
And on the topic Unreal 3 engine and modding: Maybe Epic Games does not allow modding, because licensing the engine is their business model. If one game is realeased thats as moddable as Half-Life, then modders could change the game completly (there are half-life mods which turn the game into a soccer game, racing games, rts, ...). So they probably want to limit that free competition.
I was never thinking it would be just a matter of setting max_troops = "16" in some XML or INI file :P. For one thing I've worked with UIs quite a lot in the past (and I'm fairly certain I was originally hired because of an OpenGL-based GUI I programmed from the ground up for a university project), for another, I've always assumed there'd be a fair bit of work involved with upping the squad size - we might even have to change the Skyranger model. And that's where we get to the fun stuff . A Scaleform UI isn't too hard to mess with - you just need access to something that can create/edit swf files and actionscript (not hard) and access to the UnrealScript files that plug into the relevant .swf file's inputs and outputs.
Except they already give out the UDK, with which you can make games, for free. I was wondering if it was more them not wanting to encourage people to make games on a third-party licensed version of U3 because they then lose the ability to tempt them into selling said games, and therefore a cut of any of the profits that might result - that's what they do with the UDK, you see. You can make games and give them away for free, or you can sell the games... and give Epic a cut of any profits above a certain minimum total amount.And on the topic Unreal 3 engine and modding: Maybe Epic Games does not allow modding, because licensing the engine is their business model. If one game is realeased thats as moddable as Half-Life, then modders could change the game completly (there are half-life mods which turn the game into a soccer game, racing games, rts, ...). So they probably want to limit that free competition.
Last edited by Brian Damage; 02-12-2012 at 03:46 AM.
There's also the pressing matter of breaking gameplay balance easily, since either alien numbers should also increase by the same percentage or you'll outnumber them in proportion of squads.
Probably because the third parties might have put work into their own alterations to the engine, which would require extra financial wrangling over who gets what percent of the royalties.
I don't think people will be afraid to give it a try. I'm not, assuming I've got the time. Heck, I've never said it wouldn't require a certain amount of work. Come to think of it, IIRC Unreal 3 maps can be opened in the UDK if they're not protected... I wonder if they'll have open borders like the old maps? We might be able to stitch them together and recompile, at least to test things on... if not, it seems like they're mostly made out of libraries of 3D tile objects for destructibility anyway - if we can re-use those it's not like we'll be having to model everything from scratch. I'm fairly confident.
Since this thread was intended simply to clarify an aspect of the rules, discussion of PC vs. Console features in this game is really off topic. I've been letting it slide because there was not a thread about this specifically, but now there is. Please carry on any further discussion on this topic there.
Um. If you just want to shut the conversation down for breaching the directive given in the OP, fine - you're a moderator and that's certainly within your authority.
But please, don't insult anyone's intelligence; call a spade a spade, rather than trying to sneak in a plug for your own thread. *shrug*
I hope this game is being developed for PC and then downgraded for decrepit consoles, just like Withcer 2.
After all, consoles are extremely obsolete 7 year old decrepit hardware, a lot of games have been degraded due to multiplatforming.
In a thread that specifically mentions "no console wars" as it's title, the above post is a fine example of doing the wrong thing. Let's try to express ourselves in a less negative way. Thanks.
Excuse me, but since when is stating obvious facts an objectionable offense?
Terms like "decrepit" are inflamatory and will cause people to get offended. If you want to talk about this, PM me, but moderation decisions aren't supposed to be discussed on the boards.
I've been waiting for a true X-Com sequel for so long it sends my head spinning...
Last time I (re)played my X-Com games was the year I started college. So that would be, what? Twelve? Thirteen years ago?!? Feels like it was in another life now.
Anyway, it thought it was ironic that the last time I played my old school classics, PC gaming was supposedly doomed according to most industry analysts. And now that a new X-Com game is (at long last) in the pipes, it seems like industry analysts are predicting the death of consoles!!! True story, check it out:
Just so I'm clear, I'll most probably be playing XC-EU on the 360.
Yes, I'm one of those guys. And you know what? That's ok with me.
I'm really rooting for the good folks at Firaxis and will be trying my damnedest to evangelize the pagan console masses to the joys of Sectoid hunting later this year!!!
Cheers to all X-Com fans!
The console/PC war is about to end, in the PC's favour!
Seriously though - I don't see consoles dying out any time soon. If they do, it might force PCs to become more 'standardised', which can't be a bad thing - instead of the vastly different amounts of hardware configurations that are common nowadays.But PC gaming has been exploding. More people spend more time playing games than ever before. Meanwhile, the top five games companies by value have halved in value, and those that have dropped out of the list- traditional games publishers - have been replaced by free-to-play and social companies.
****but the console owners refuse to lay down their arms****
I joke, mods.
I love how we have a pseudo-console war in the no console war thread. =__=
Well its really more of a skirmish.. j/k
I wouldn't agree with that at all - look at the Total War series. That's definitely miles away from the '2 second attention span' you mention, yet the place is crawling with mods for it, among which some are genuinely game-changing - for the better.
TUs and ammo. Removal of hidden classes. Removal of classes and restoration of progressing stats. I bet we'll see these within the first 3 months, and they'll be tweaked and expanded for years. This current design leaves much to be desired for a lot of people, and since they express a wish to make it moddable (which I've got to give Firaxis huge props for, they make things HIGHLY moddable generally), those with the know how will make this the X-Com they want, not the X-Com they were given.
TW: Empire is a pretty good example. I mean, Empire was crap. If you use the slightest bit of tactics, you're going to roflstomp the AI if they don't outnumber you 2 to 1 or better. Nevermind the damaged and schizophrenic campaign AI. Enter the Ultimate Commander Darthmod. Evenly matched, a battle could go either way. As you change your tactics, the AI will attempt to match you tit for tat, even showing initiative at times. Modding turned a pretty horrid game into what I'd consider a pretty damned good game. It's far closer to what Creative Assembly should have released, instead of what they did release.
Now, I'm not trying to say Firaxis is making a bad game. I think it will be a very nice, highly polished game, with a good foundation to mod from. And I think, because of the design choices they've made, there will be a large group of people hungry for mods.
Darth is the master of all TW modders for me.
Keep it on topic, guys. If you want to talk about mods and modding, take it to another thread.
As a final note, in all fairness, it will probably be a simple variable # switch since the squad is dropped in the middle of combat (skyranger unloading is NOT modeled) AND the size of your squad increases during the course of the game, meaning there is an easy variable to modify (which the game modifies) when you make that appropriate advance. So yea, it should be easy to mod on a PC.
I really really like that there aren't any console war discussions allowed. It is so old and annoying. Well done 2K!!
so...its not coming out for my iPad?
Ya i cant see the consoles dying out anytime soon if ever simply because....(NOTE: this is not designed to be an inflamatory comment im am simply stating a fact) whether or not its true ther will be ppl who dont want to get a PC because they view it as 2 costly if consoles do die out however games will probably tranisition over to ipads,androids,etc. cuz thats were most of the casual gamers will go....Gaming gods help us if that ever happens....games will cease to be games and will be....angry birds style *shudders*
The most logical progress in computing will be tablet based. The power and usability of computers/consoles but in a tablet. Now that will be something.
Plug/Link to a big screen and controller for gaming purposes, use the touch screen or a linked keyboard or voice recognition for writing emails., or other things you would usually never use a console for.
What consoles really have going for them at the moment, is that they are standardised, easy to use, and are purely for gaming. They don't work well for other tasks, when we can have everything in something that's mobile as well, then i shall be in heaven.
Some people like to do it, sitting on a couch, some people like doing it in their bed, some people like to do it sitting at a desk, everyone is doing it...(laugh if you get that reference). Wouldn't it be nice if a company gave you a product that could allow you to any of those things, that is what they should be focusing on. In my opinion.