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Closing Statement
Closing Statement
Dear Michael,
1. Summing Up: I suppose one function of these closing statements is to establish whether we seem closer or further away at the end of these exchanges than we were at the beginning. In some respects, I feel vindicated in my prior impression that we aren't too far apart on many of the most important questions. This is true, for example, at the level of values. Perhaps our biggest difference here is that I think that it is possible (in principle at least - I'm not saying I've done it) to formulate a comprehensive egalitarian conception of justice with quite specific distributive and institutional consequences. You seem sceptical about this, but I'm not sure how much practical difference this makes.
There are also other important points of agreement. We are both revolutionaries who seek a systemic alternative to capitalism. Moreover, we share a similar view of the content of this alternative as a self-governing, decentralized network of producers' and consumers' councils. I have questions about the precise form that participatory planning should take, and I feel that you have been a bit vague or evasive in your responses to these questions, but I don't think that this is a big deal. Economic coordination in a non-market, democratic, modern society involves complex issues that need to be discussed in an open-minded way whose aim is mutual clarification. Maybe your caution in responding to my questions reflected the fear that I was out to trash parecon in the name of some version of a centralized command economy (with which you mistakenly equate socialism), but this really hasn't been my aim at all.
Of course, there's more to life after capitalism than how we would plan the economy. We haven't really discussed revolution as a political process. Maybe if we had more disagreements would have emerged. At the very least, we need to take into account that capitalism involves a system of states whose specific dynamics - central to which is geopolitical competition - creates great costs and dangers to humankind. I'm an orthodox Marxist in seeking a world without states but believing that we can't ignore the state while it exists. This means being prepared to put demands on the nation-state (or inter-state institutions such as the European Union), and to build movements whose immediate aim is to secure specific reforms but the logic of whose struggle can develop into a challenge to the system. And - when we do confront the system - we need to have a strategy for confronting the centralized coercive power of the state and for protecting the infant alternative society once we have begun to break down that power in parts of the world. I believe that, when approached in a critical but open-minded way, the revolutionary Marxist tradition has much to offer on all these subjects.
2. A Cheap Shot: In broaching these questions, I've begun to touch on what, not surprisingly, turned out to be our biggest disagreement, namely Leninism. (Incidentally, I equated democratic centralism, and not, as you suggest, Leninism, with 'rigorous application of the majority principle'. I'm quite happy with your definition of Leninism as 'acceptance of Marxist analysis, plus democratic centralism, plus advocacy of one or another socialist economic vision'.)
I know we're not supposed to be replying to each other in these closing statements, but I can't ignore in this context the following passage in your last reply to me:
When I was speaking in England I kept wondering how the SWP [Socialist Workers Party] people I encountered trying to sell me the newspaper could be in the same organization as you. I meant that seriously, and I think it is something to think hard apart. It isn't genes, or long standing personality traits - it is something about the rank and file practice of Leninist and Trotskyist parties that drags members at the base into this robotic style and content. Meanwhile, other members, nearer the top of the apparatus, don't have the robotic problem, but as power nears instead develop an authority problem.
I think this is a pretty cheap shot. Underlying it is a contrast that has been used to trash collectivist alternatives to capitalism at least since Dostoevsky's Grand Inquisitor - between 'robotic' uniform masses and intellectuals who may be more subtle but are driven by an urge to dominate. One of the things that is distinctive to Marx's conception of communism is that he insists that a society based on solidarity doesn't have to - indeed must not - suppress individuality. A revolutionary socialist party can't just mirror the future society to which it aspires, since it is shaped by the struggle against the present society. All the same, those whom you call 'rank and file' SWP members aren't robots. They are activists spread out across the workplaces, the neighbourhoods, the universities and schools of Britain, who organize together to help build effective resistance to capitalism.
One of the places you spoke at earlier this year was, I remember, Bristol. A few days ago I stayed after a meeting in Bristol with a long-standing SWP member. He works nearby in Gloucester, where some weeks ago there was a huge police 'anti-terrorist' operation directed at the Asian community that forced people living in several streets to leave their homes and let to one young Muslim being charged. The SWP member is well known and respected in the neighbourhood because of his work against racism and against the war. He helped at short notice to organize a large, angry protest meeting attended by 600 Asians - a tenth of the local community - that the local Labour MP was forced to attend and that attracted national media coverage.
This particular SWP member isn't exceptional - there are thousands more like him around Britain. The great anti-war demonstrations in London this year - immortalized in all those photos of huge clumps of people filing along holding placards and banners - didn't just happen. They had to be organized by local activists all over the country. The SWP are only a minority among these activists, but most people involved in the anti-war movement in Britain would concede that we have played an important role. This reflects the concentrated impact that precisely the features you list - Marxist analysis, democratic centralist organization, and socialist vision - can have. Selling Socialist Worker weekly is part of the same process. It organises us to engage in a regular political dialogue with the people we encounter in our activities. Sure it can be done badly, even robotically (I'm notoriously bad at it), but the contempt that you show for socialist paper-sellers reflects more on you than on them.
Of course, revolutionary socialist organization has its pathologies - sectarian hostilities, petty authoritarianism, heresy hunting - and I don't claim the SWP has always escaped these. But are they unique to Leninists? From my - admittedly long-distance - observation of the anarchist movement, I've seen enough to suspect that these and other qualities are to be found there as well. I don't think this is surprising. If you read Christopher Hill on what happened to the Puritan revolutionaries of the 17th century, particularly after the Stuarts had been restored, you will find very similar patterns of behaviour. I think they are particularly a feature of revolutionary movements that aspire to change the world when they are marginalized and reduced to political irrelevance.
Since Seattle we have found ourselves in conditions where radical ideas begin to connect with real movements. It is a challenge to all revolutionaries - not just the Leninists - to unlearn the bad habits we developed when times were harder and to engage with a new generation that is being drawn into resisting capitalism. But the presence of survivals of these patterns inherited from the past can't be used as knock down proof that one particular kind of revolutionaries can't engage - especially when we manifestly are engaging.
3. Avoiding Disaster
Implicit in all the arguments about Leninism is, of course, the question of Stalinism. You don't like putting it in these terms. Let's not quibble about words: the problem is how to prevent a revolution driven initially by a self-emancipatory thrust from below turning into a tyrannical monstrosity. As I understand it, your argument is that capitalism has a trichotomous class structure - capitalists, workers, and coordinators - and that consequently 'there are two types of post-capitalist economy'; instead of the workers taking control, the coordinators can instead, typically by putting themselves at the head of a mass movement most of whose members are seeking a more authentic liberation.
Here our debate has taught me something. I now understand better why you place such an emphasis on balanced job complexes. I had thought of them as an interesting idea for reconciling the need of any modern economy for complex specialization with individual self-fulfilment and for addressing at the same time the hardy perennial of who would do the lousy work in an emancipated society. Now I see more clearly than I did before, that balanced job complexes are intended, through performing all these functions, to prevent a class of privileged coordinators from constituting itself within, and usurping the self-governing councils.
I see the attraction of such a device, but I think it's important to stress that (as I'm sure you would agree) on its own it would not prevent the triumph of a new ruling class. Essential to the stabilization and expansion of a self-managing society (what I call 'socialism') would be two other factors; (i) to what extent the material context - which ultimately could only be global - facilitated the consolidation of council democracy; and (ii) how far the councils themselves developed from instruments of struggle into institutions of self-government. Economics, politics, geopolitics - all of these would be decisive in determining whether or not the new society took root, as they were in settling the fate of earlier revolutions.
I suppose I just think that the more we are able to extend council democracy on a global scale, the easier it will be to make the new society work. No doubt we will need institutional devices like balanced job complexes but I can't see them as playing the decisive role in preventing a regression to class domination. No doubt this does reflect our theoretical differences - I don't see the coordinators as a coherent class with a place in production relations comparable to those of capital and labour: moreover, should some group of coordinators manage to take power, then the historical record suggests that what they would preside over is not a new form of class society but a version of capitalism. But I don't say any of this in a spirit of complacency. The 20th century has shown what monstrosities even the most idealistic struggles can harbour. Who knows had new horrors produced by mixtures of unfavourable circumstances and subjective error the future may hold? That's why debates such as this one matter - not just to understand each other better, but to produce better theory and strategy that we can use to avoid repeating the disasters of the past.
4 Marching and Talking Together: A few months ago I was involved in a debate with a member of the dissobedienti from southern Italy. He had a very nice way of describing such debates. He said that while marching in the same direction we should talk in order to learn from one another. I think this is exactly what we have been doing. We share the same enemies, and we seek the same goals. We have quite big disagreements about history, theory, and strategy. These matter because they play an important role in shaping how we practically address the political problems that confront us. But there is enough agreement at the level of vision and even of strategy to continue marching together - for it to be productive for us to carry on cooperating, not avoiding our disagreements but not making them a barrier to cooperation either, and remaining open to the surprises that history no doubt has in store for us all.
With best wishes for the New Year,


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Moore Nets 28 as Tigers Top Stormy Petrels
February 20, 2009
February 20, 2009, Greencastle, Ind. — DePauw outscored Oglethorpe 10-2 over the final three minutes of the first half and opened the second half with an 8-2 run on the way to an 85-58 Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference win over the Stormy Petrels.
The Tigers improved to 18-6 overall and 10-3 in the SCAC, while Oglethorpe dropped to 16-8 overall and 7-6 in the conference.
Oglethorpe led by as many as five in the first half before the Tigers scored eight straight late in the half to grab a 25-21 advantage. After Oglethorpe knotted the score at 27-27 on Alex Richey's three with 3:28 left, DePauw scored the next 10 to take a 37-27 advantage and the Tigers went to the break with a 37-29 lead.
The Stormy Petrels scored the first two of the second half, but DePauw's Tom Callen scored six straight and David Gray capped the run with a dunk to make it 45-31 with 16:09 left.
Oglethorpe closed it back to 12, but the Tigers gradually stretched the lead and held as much as a 29-point margin in the closing minutes.
Mike Moore (pictured) led the Tigers with 28 points including 22 in the first half. He knocked down 8-14 three-pointers and with his first of the game broke the DePauw career record of 240 held by Alex Stewart (2002-06).
Callen followed with 15 points and shared the rebounding lead with Sean Haseley and Joe Bergfeld as each had six. Bergfeld added 11 points and Matt Bennett dished out a career-high six assists
Richey was Oglethorpe's lone double-figure scorer with 16, while Todd Ward grabbed seven rebounds, dished out four assists and blocked three shots.
DePauw shot 50 percent for the game and hit 12-of-29 from three-point range, while the Stormy Petrels connected on 34.9 percent. The Tigers held a 42-31 edge on the boards and had a 23-7 advantage in points off of turnovers.
The Tigers wrap up the home portion of the regular season on Sunday when they host Sewanee at Noon.

subset: commoncrawl


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We stayed at this hotel for 2 nights as part of an exchange with its sister hotel (Sunset Beach Hotel) on Mahe Island. Hence, we stayed in room 19 which is actually in the annex building opposite the hotel so there is no ocean view. However, it was still very close to the beach and the room was big. The... More
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10 companies which have ruined a healthy society
In today's world the role of the corporation has been adopted by the ruling class to influence society from the shadows. A stealth method where a wealthy figure can hide behind and protect his image and protect himself from legal action. There are many secret … Continue reading
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Youthmarket | Urban Farm Stands
Youthmarket is a network of urban farm stands operated by neighborhood youth, supplied by local farmers, and designed to bring fresh fruits and vegetables to communities throughout New York City. Through Youthmarket, families in all five boroughs now have increased access to farm fresh food; youth in these areas have earned money and learned small-business skills; and farmers in the New York City region are achieving higher revenue through access to underserved markets.
Having access to affordable produce is so important and that's why we love Youthmarket. Based on the Greenmarket model, Youthmarket seeks to overcome this problem by linking regional farmers with underserved consumers in New York City. Communities benefit from an influx of fresh, healthy food and farmers access new markets without the costs associated with retailing.
Find out where your local market is, you won't regret it. It's a weekend ritual for me to head over to the Saturday market in McCarren park now.
Support Youthmarket by heading to one of there locations or you can donate to GrowNYC, you are helping to provide access to fresh and local food, support family farms, grow and maintain vibrant green spaces and community gardens, help all New Yorkers recycle more and waste less, and create the next generation of environmental leaders. And your donation is 100% tax-deductible. Donate here.


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Freestyle Street Soccer
Freestyle Street Soccer focuses on 10 individual gangs--all based on the different styles, fashions, and cultures found in the concrete jungle. These teams fiercely compete for each other's turf with the ultimate goal to gain control of the whole city. You'll join the battle as one of 40 players with individual catchphrases, plus trick, combo, and special moves. As you conquer the challenges in five game modes, remember--on the streets, it's just as important to look cool as it is to score goals.
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We are a Tea Party that comes in all colors-Black, White, Green, Brown and Gold and in all ages-new, young, mellowed and age. We invite any and all people to join us in making the truth about conservative politics and people of all colors and ages known to the area and to the nation through speeches, books, and education.
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Enjoy free shipping both ways this holiday season. If for some reason you are not completely satisfied with your purchase, choose our FREE pre-paid shipping label and we'll cover your return! This offer is only good on eligible orders placed between November 13, 2013 and December 24, 2013. We've extended our normal return period to January 15, 2014 or 30 days after your order is received - whichever comes later. Learn more about our return policy.
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Introducing the new Coronado 25mm Cemax eypiece.In the construction of solar filters and associated instrumentation, Coronado takes enormous care to optimize contrast by minimizing the number of components and designing them so that they do not result in creating residual reflections and spurious light near the image. Until recently, the only component not included in this overall approach was the eyepiece. Now the new Coronado CEMAX (Contrast Enhanced) series eyepiece fills this need. Specifically designed for use at H-Alpha and multi coated on every surface (including cemented surfaces), the Coronado CEMAX eyepieces are the ultimate in contrast enhancement for the solar observer. THE CEMAX EYEPIECES ARE NOT FILTERS AND FOR SOLAR OBSERVING MUST BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A SAFE SOLAR FILTER. Many users have commented that the CEMAX also afford excellent contrast for planetary viewing.
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And more of today's leftovers.
Plus: new menu items at Fatta Cuckoo, a gluten-free bakery bows uptown, and more of today's leftovers.
Plus: chronic sponge-eating, and more of this week's weird food news.
More seating, a new concession stand, and a new fryer at three favorites.
Plus: the best rooftop bars, and a Fourth of July oyster roast.
"There's a deep inconsistency between deploring the killing of a baboon while we order another portion of butter chicken or fish fry."
A Japanese-restaurant owner returns a giant lobster to the wild.
Ed's Lobster Bar expands their hours, serving seven days a week.
A hot–dog cart goes up in flames, New Yorkers like cheap pizza, and more, in our morning news roundup.
Soft drinks to introduce "controversial herb" flavoring, ordering the cheapest bottle, stricter food-industry oversight, and more, in our morning news roundup.
Plus lobsters probably can't feel pain when you cook them, making bacon at home, and more, in our morning news roundup.


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As Intel's tick-tock CPU development Juggernaut rolls on, things seem very much on track, looking into the near future. Intel will launch its new "Ivy Bridge" 3rd Generation Core processor family in early-April 2012, which is a miniaturization of what is essentially the "Sandy Bridge" to the new 22 nm process, with IPC and instruction-set improvements, along with a faster graphics controller. The new process will also up clock speeds and overclocking headroom for chips that support it. What's more interesting, though, is that the architecture that succeeds Ivy Bridge, codenamed "Haswell", will be less than an year away in April...well almost. A roadmap slide sourced by DonanimHaber pins the launch of Haswell to March-June, 2013. Haswell is a brand new CPU architecture that will succeed Ivy Bridge. According to the conventional idea of Intel's tick-tock CPU development strategy, it will be built on the 22 nm fab process, which will have gained some maturity by then. Intel follows a "tick-tock" product development model. Every year, Intel's product lineup sees either of the two. A "tock" brings in a new x86 architecture, a "tick" miniaturizes it to a newer silicon fabrication process. Earlier reports indicated that Haswell Core processors will be based on a newer socket, the LGA1150, and hence it will not be compatible with LGA1155 platforms. Source: DonanimHaber
I just jumped on the Sandybridge-Bandwagon, so this way I don't have to feel like I have to upgrade to IB, and can wait for those babies... YAY me
not compatible with LGA1155?? bah.... well, i get to run with my current beast for almost another 2 years I should be happy really. I dont think I will drop in an ivy bridge unless its really a huge improvement over SB
They say that not having to be limited to a certain pin configuration gives them more freedom in term of architecture arrangement so this could justify the new socket every new architecture.
I reckon its a backhand deal twixt Intel and the motherboard manufacturers, more money for both of them as people need to buy new boards.
Except that people like me would upgrade the CPU if possible w/o replacing the other components. Not being able to do that forces me to run the entire combination longer and miss upgrade cycles (due at least in part to Windows upgrade headaches when core hardware changes). Of course I am not a good example, I am still dual booting Win7/XP and I use XP at least 75% of the time. I expect there are a lot of people like me who would buy more processors if they could be dropped in to the current socket - with a BIOS upgrade of course.
Hicup would imply a misstake was made, this is fully as planned, that's right intel have you bent over the desk each time and their chipsets earn too
Damn, gonna have to wait for Haswell now, why did you have to tell me about this...at this rate i'll never replace my 2.4Ghz Pentium 4.
Holy crap. And here I was thinking I was conservative replacing my P4 2.4 with a C2D E8400 5 years later....then upgrading again to a 2500k...4 years later.... dam, your hardcore my friend
I parted with my 3.2GHz Pentium 4 when I got the first i7s (specifically the 920). Looks like Haswell would be next in line for me too.
Check out the Q2'12 on that chart.. There is a replacement coming to i7 3960X.. It can be an IB-E.. May be..
Lolz, i think you missed the point of my post. It was a pithy retort to the nature of the PC world in that you always seem to waiting for the 'next' hardware release. For the record, i'm running a Quad Core Phenom II.
The 775 socket got to live as long as it did because Netburst sucked the south end of a north bound donkey. 1156, 1366, 1155, and 2011 aren't in the same position that 775 was. The subsequent architectures are all facing competition, so they aren't resting upon unproven and defective ideas. The fact that 1155 and 2011 are going to get a second generation is nice, but not something common with Intel. I would feel far angrier if I was one of the people who bought 1156 and 1366, given that they only had one generation of life. All of this said, only slightly more than two years of a socket is pretty crappy. AMD might not have the highest of high end chips, but their socket replacement style is pretty good. This is, of course, overlooking the FM sockets....
Everything that's there to know about Haswell at this point is here: http://www.techpowerup.com/154867/All-s-Well-That-Haswell-.html
Haswell TSX extensions http://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2012/02/07/transactional-synchronization-in-haswell/


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Aarhus Lufthavn A/S - Djursland - Eastjutland
Aarhus Airport, Tirstrup - not only has air service to Copenhagen, Oslo, London,Stockholm and Gøteborg, but also several weekly charter flights to popular holiday destinations. With its central situation Aarhus Airport is the natural airport for both Eastern, Central and Northern Jutland. Communications several times a day with airport bus directly from Aarhus. For car drivers there are approx. 300 free parking places just outside the door. Foreign travellers can do their shopping in Euroshop Aarhus with a wide selection of articles, which may even be ordered in advance, your purchases being ready for you when you arrive at the airport.


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Michel Blanc-Dumont
Artist Blanc-Dumont, Michel
Available series in store category "Comic books"
Michel Blanc-Dumont in the
" After an artistic education in Applied Arts, Michel Blanc-Dumont worked with his father for three years, restoring paintings and art objects. It is during this period that he developed a passion for the "wild west" and the Native Americans. He began doing some comics..." [ Read more ]


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Asus Tytan CG8890 review
The Asus Tytan CG8890 is phenomenally powerful, looks ridiculous and costs an astounding £4,000. Read more
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Best all-in-one desktop computers: Top deals in the UK
Looking for the best all-in-one desktops on the market? Here we've gathered together our current favourites across a range of prices. Read more
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November / 2002
Kentucky Living
On the Cover
Keeping Kids Safe
Union County's Safety Day is just one example of lifesaving programs that have become a feature of every Kentucky county
Building Dreams
For 20 years Cumberland College's Mountain Outreach program has been building homes and making dreams come true in eastern Kentucky
Electrical Storm
Fears of higher electric rates for Kentuckians and a less-reliable electricity supply have officials objecting to a plan to turn control of the nation's electric transmission lines over to regional organizations
Readers' Favorite Pet Stories
A cat that barks. A rooster that attacks. A dog that can tell time. See if you recognize any of the animals from these stories sent in by readers
From the Editor - Power grab
Kindred Spirits - Letting go and giving thanks
Cut Your Utility Bills - Solarscaping
On the Road
Along the Bourbon Trail
Victorian Adsmore House
Deer, deer
Kentucky Cooks - Simple Thanksgiving
At Home in the Garden - The rare yellowwood
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When you can ... pictures ... Please.
Good luck with the wife ... I understand completely.
Tin Ear wrote:Richard,
When you can ... pictures ... Please.
billhoward1 wrote:The bridge and nut are metal (brass or something similar). They have no notches cut in them, so I guess the string tension, and the alignment of the pins are all that hold them in place. In effect, the metal nut serves as a zero fret. I see no evidence of anything else having been there, and then removed.
billhoward1 wrote:It does appear, from the finish, that something has at one time been resting on the fretboard near the metal nut. There appears to be a small screw hole in the middle of the fretboard, as though something may have been attached.
On the right side of the fretboard, where it butts up against the nut, there is a very small piece glued in, as though it is to fill a gap. Whether the corner of the fretboard was broken off, or whether something else fit in that "notch" in the fretboard, I can only wonder. It measures 3/16 x 1/2, and is only as deep as the fretboard itself...very thin. It appears in the photo as a lighter colored wood, and is not really very visible when viewing from the side of the fretboard. Anybody have an idea as to what that "notch" might have been used for, if it was cut there for a reason at one time??
In looking into the inside of the instrument, I was not able to determine much. It is open, all the way to the bottom. I am not able to tell whether the top of the box was at one time solid, and had a slot cut in it, which was then covered by the raised fretboard. At any rate, the airspace is open, from the top of the fretboard to the bottom of the dulcimer.
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One relationship, two houses - living together separately
13/06/2012 , 5:15 PM by Alicia Hanson
You are in a long term relationship... you love your partner but sometimes you just feel want your own space. Could living together separately be the answer?
Dr Karen Upton-Davis of UWA's School of Population Health says one in four of Australia's single adult population live in such a relationship. She said many of these couples are finding that two houses can be better than one - a theory she is hoping to put to the test by speaking with couples choosing to live that way.
Listeners shared their stories, too. Diane told us about how she and her husband 'experimented' with separate living for a few months, and Oliver talked about growing up with parents who didn't live together (despite his repeated calls for them to 'quit eachother' they're still happy together - seperately).
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This is a must have item for anyone doing a top end or changing cams. I keep one and a set of gaskets on hand. Cheap insurance.
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free download Philippine LET reviewer Search Resultfree download Philippine LET reviewer available for download from Uploaded, RapidGator, extabit, torrent and more below.(More Results )Search results 300 Articles (Search results 1 - 10) :
5 December 2013
Free Birds (2013) R5 DVDRip XVID CAM AUDIO AC3 ACAB Free Birds (2013) Genre: Animation | Comedy Directed By: Jimmy Hayward Cast: Owen Wilson, Woody Harrelson, Amy Poehler MPAA Rate: PG Country: USA Original Language: English Storyline: Two turkeys from opposite sides of the tracks must put aside their differences and team up to travel back in time to change the course of history - and get turkey off the holiday menu for good. IMDb Rate5.0/102,033 votes IMDB:
4 December 2013
Udemy - Life Hack - How to Live Rent-Free in NYC | 1.46 GB Genre: E-Learning Learn powerful techniques that will dramatically improve your financial and home life, guaranteed. By the end of the class you will have a realistic and achievable step-by-step plan that flips the script on the New York real estate market and puts YOU in control of your home and your finances. 4 December 2013
Udemy - Life Hack: How to Live Rent-Free in NYC English | mp4 | H264 1280x720 | AAC 2 ch 59 kbps | 1 hr 34 min | 1.48 GB Learn powerful techniques that will dramatically improve your financial and home life, guaranteed. By the end of the class you will have a realistic and achievable step-by-step plan that flips the script on the New York real estate market and puts YOU in control of your home and your finances. 3 December 2013
Free Birds 2013 R5 CAM AUDiO XViD-FANTA | 1.26 GB File: Free.Birds.2013.R5.CAM.AUDiO.XViD-FANTA.avi Size: 1340720638 bytes (1.25 GiB), duration: 01:27:18, avg.bitrate: 2048 kb/s Audio: ac3, 48000 Hz, stereo, 192 kb/s Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 720x384, 25.00 fps(r) iMDB iNFO After years of fruitless warning of his farmyard brethren of the coming Thanksgiving doom, Reggie the Turkey finds himself spared as the annual Pardoned Turkey. However, Reggie's easy life is disrupted by Jake, a fanatic turkey who drags him along with the insane idea of going back in time to make sure turkeys are not part of the first Thanksgiving. Through foolhardiness and luck, the pair manage to take an experiment time machine to do just that. Now in 1621 at the Plymouth colony, Reggie and Jake find themselves in the middle of a turkey clan's struggle for survival. In doing so, their preconceptions of the world and themselves are challenged forever in a conflict from which the world will never be the same. 3 December 2013
MP3 Free Downloader 188.8.131.52 + Portable | 6.3/10.1 Mb MP3 Free Downloader is an incredibly useful program that allows users to browse and download mp3 for FREE. It has over 100 million mp3 sources across all genres for your choice, fulfilled by an amazingly user friendly interface, which is fast and convenient to save online files. 2 December 2013
2 December 2013
Avast! Home Edition FREE 9.0.2009.207 | 5 Mb Avast! Antivirus Home Edition is an easy to use application designed for home use that offers real-time protection. This software updates itself, has an antivirus carantine and anti-rootkit built-in. Avast! Antivirus Home Edition represents the best FREE antivirus protection currently available on the market. This edition is FREE OF CHARGE for non-commercial & home use only. 2 December 2013
Download Master 220.127.116.112 + Portable | 5.6/6.0 Mb Download Master is an easy-to-use and effective download manager. It uses intellectual multi-section download to provide the best possible performance for all connection types. The acceleration is achieved by splitting a file being downloaded into several parts and downloading these parts at the same time. #9: E-Books :
Joel Adams, Create it with CreateSpace: A guide to self publishing your book with Amazon's free publishing service 2 December 2013
1 December 2013


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News Releases by Email
News Release
Tuesday, December 11, 2012
Media contact: Joy Hill, 352-258-3426
The public is invited to an informative meeting in Palm Bay on Friday evening, Dec. 14, to learn about a conservation project that may give some threatened Florida scrub-jays a new lease on life.
The meeting is 6 to 9 p.m., Friday, at Palm Bay Regional Park, 1951 Malabar Road NW, Palm Bay and will be presented by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC), the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Brevard Zoo. Comments and questions from the public are also encouraged.
The project involves catching and moving a few scrub-jay families that use property slated for future development in Palm Bay neighborhoods. Right now, these birds' habitat is in poor condition and will eventually be destroyed. However,moving, or translocating, them in family groups will give them a better chance to thrive, reproduce and contribute to the future scrub-jay population in Florida.
Biologists hope to capture the imperiled birds and move them, as family groups, to protected and properly managed scrub-jay habitat in the Buck Lake Conservation Area in Brevard County.
Biologists from Brevard Zoo, USFWS and FWC will give short presentations about an upcoming Florida scrub-jay conservation project in Palm Bay. After the presentations, the presenters want to hear people's thoughts about it and answer their questions.
For more information, contact the FWC's Northeast Regional Office at 352-732-1225.
FWC Facts:The Saltwater Fishing "Hot Sheet" gives the latest regulatory information for state and federal waters, as well as season updates and other current events in Marine Fisheries.
Learn More at AskFWC


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We encourage early communication and notification of claims and incidents likely to give rise to a claim.
Claims and Circumstances Notification Form
Early notification of circumstances and incidents is vital. This allows us to manage issues proactively with a view to earlier resolution or containing a claim. This is always of benefit to our client. In addition, early notification allows MIGA to assess its risks and financial exposures more accurately which builds on the financial security of the organisation.
Please always contact us if there are any issues arising from patient care that we may be able to help you with.
For further information on what to notify please download a copy of our Guide to Incident Notification.
If you wish to contact MIGA to notify us of a claim, incident or if you need some advice, this can be done by:
Phone 1800 777 156 and ask for one of our in-house lawyersFacsimile (08) 8238 4445Email our Claims Department using the Form on the Contact Us page of this web siteMail a completed Incident Notification Form.
Phone 1800 777 156 and ask for one of our in-house lawyers
Facsimile (08) 8238 4445
Email our Claims Department using the Form on the Contact Us page of this web site
Mail a completed Incident Notification Form.


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So if you meet a scientist, don't ask her what she knows, ask her what she wants to know. It's a much better conversation—for both of you.
This article was originally published with the title What Science Wants to Know.
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After School
Welcome to Sangrock. This program will greatly enhance your child's self-confidence and concentration for a better head start in life. This not only helps them to improve their grades in school, but also prepares them to exhale I life's challenges. We focus on all aspects of development that is physical, social, emotional and intellectual. Our goal is to provide an environment conductive for an overall development of the child.
Taekwondo training is five days a week. Student practice all their requirements and prepare for their next belt.
- Homework time is supervised.
- Reading 30 minutes everyday.
Character Building Program We have monthly themes which are divided into sub themes every week which makes it easier to interact and communicate with the kids about the moral of martial arts and why it's better than any other sports. We inculcate the tenets of Taekwondo, Courtesy, Integrity, Self-Control, Perseverance and Indomitable-Spirit in the kids so they become better person with strong foundation in their personality. In the after school, we talk a lot about student commitments and how to follow them on their own, doing the right thing even when nobody watches.
We are looking forward to working with you, and developing and nurturing your child on his/ her journey.
Download After School Program 2013-2014 Info
Download After School Early Registration Form 2013-2014
After School Pick up list
- Matthews Elementary
- Elizabeth Elementary
- Crown Point Elementary
- Greenway Park Elementary
- Crestdale Middle School
- Providence Spring Elementary
- Socrates Academy
- South Charlotte Middle School
- Randolph Middle School
- Providence Spring Elementary
- McKee Elementary
- Polo Ridge Elementary
- Weddington Elementary
- Sandy Ridge Elementary
- Marvin Elementary
- Kensington Elementary
- Barringer Elementary
- Wesley Chapel Elementary
- Weddington Elementary
- New Town Elementary
- Weddington Middle School


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Bulletin Board
All home games will be played on the west turf at 11 a.m.
Thanks to everyone who came out to support the team against the Under 23 National Team last Saturday.
Join us for practices on the Aggie Legacy Fields every Tuesday and Thursday form 4:30-6:15pm.
Fall dues are $100 and you'll also need to purchase a USA Rugby Membership (CIPP) to play. Please contact the president for more information.


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Summer fun in Stogursey (From Bridgwater Mercury)
Get involved! Send your photos, video, news & views by texting MERCURY NEWS to 80360 or email us
Summer fun in Stogursey
12:00pm Saturday 31st August 2013 in News By Matthew Colledge
AN afternoon of sizzling entertainment was delivered to St Audries Close sheltered scheme in Stogursey as Magna West Somerset's tenant panel held its annual summer fun day.
Children, parents and grandparents enjoyed a host of entertainment including face painting, Punch and Judy shows, hook the duck, cream tea, raffle, ice creams, piñata and play equipment provided by West Somerset Children's Centre.
Highlights of the day included Magna's Richard Cross and Neil Bliss taking turns in the stocks and Secret World Wildlife Rescue showing some of their rescued animals including a South American corn snake and barn owl.
The raffle and stocks raised £140.62 for Magna Lifeline, which funds a pendant support service for people returning from hospital treatment.
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This paper describes our approach to the first year design studio and the way we employ, utilize and integrate digital media in the Architecture Program at Temple.
Muscle joints
This topic begins with a good introduction to the different types of joints (fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial) and each is described in more detail. A table gives a comparison between joint types and modern everyday items for the students to relate to (e.g. a hinge and the elbow joint). The next part of this topic describes the muscular system and gives a brief introduction to the axial and appendicular muscular system. The three types of muscle tissue are also described.
Producci?n Digital de un Auditorio (Digital Production of an Auditorium)
In the middle of the year 2001, we had the opportunity to project an Auditory in the particular building of our School of Architecture. The chance to produce the entire project an all the technical documentation was given; using only digital tools. The use of this tools let us to calculate illumination, isolation study, sound an thermical conditioning with a real time visualization of the three dimensional model.
An integrated system to aid the planning of concrete structures: introducing the system
This paper reports on the development at Loughborough University of a CAD-based integrated model to aid the planning of in-situ concrete structures. The system development started after a review of the planning models currently available and after a detailed questionnaire survey undertaken amongst the top UK and US contractors on the current status of planning techniques and information technology. The main aim of this system i
The darwinian structure of the design process
This text is meant only to be a stimulus for the discussion to be held, in a specific panel, at Generative Art 2001. In the text, ?provocative enough? to spur animated discussion, some very basics of darwinism and genetics are given with the only purpose of declaring a common ?stage for the play? where everybody feels at ease. Common stage and common vocabulary ifnot even common language. The main thesis is very strong, therefore comments and critics are warmly encouraged. They are the selective
Hidden Line Elimination in Projected Grid Surfaces
The hidden line and hidden surface problems are simpler when restricted to special classes of objects. An example is the class of grid surfaces, that is, graphs of bivariate functions represented by their values on a set of grid points. Projected grid surfaces have geometric properties which permit hidden line or hidden surface elimination to be done more easily than in the general case. These properties are discussed in this paper, and an algorithm is given which exploits them
h-BN inclusion in a β-Si3N4 grain
The micrograph shows h-BN inclusion (precipitate) in a β-Si3N4 grain (within a silicon nitride particulate-reinforced silicon carbide composite). The occurrence of BN inclusions results from the introduction of colloidal BN into the hot isostatic pressing process. They are formed from B2O3 present as a thin surface film on the BN particles in the barrier layer. B2O3 will be molten during the pressing process and will diffuse rapidly into the powder compact and react with Si3N4 to form BN. Such
Beyond Y2k: A Look at Acadia's Present and Future
The sky may not be falling, but it sure is getting closer. Where will you when the last three zeros of our millennial odometer click into place? Computer scientists tell us that Y2K will bring the world?s computer infrastructure to its knees. Maybe, maybe not. But it is interesting that Y2K is an issue at all. Speculating on the future is simultaneously a magnifying glass for examining our technologies and a looking glass for what we become through them. "The future" is nothing new. Orwell's vis
ECorr: Introduction to Corrosion
This case study gives a brief introduction to the subject of corrosion and helps in learning how to navigate and make use of the subsequent case studies. This is an introductory level case study.
Pain and Fatigue in People with Multiple Sclerosis
This presentation is by another member of the MS Rehabilitation Research and Training Center, Dr. Dawn Ehde. Dr. Ehde is also the director of the MS Research Training Fellowship program at the University of Washington. She is an expert on the common, but complex, problem of pain in MS, and her research has focused on innovative methods to manage it. Dr. Ehde talks about pain and the most common MS symptom, first reported by researchers at the University of Washington, fatigue. (Series: Mult
Inside Opera: Tristan and Isolde
Opera's ultimate love story is a favored piece of the Seattle Opera. In this video from the University of Washington, join opera enthusiast and former Seattle Opera education director, the late Perry Lorenzo, as he shares his insider's knowledge about composer Richard Wagner and his most influential opera, Tristan und Isolde. Lorenzo highlights Wagner's place in the Romantic movement of 19th century art.
Tensile test on annealed copper: necking effect
Necking of annealed copper during a tensile test, at five times actual speed. From TLP: Introduction to mechanical testing, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/mechanical-testing/results2.php
Tensile test on annealed copper
Full tensile test of annealed copper at 20 times actual speed, showing plastic deformation, necking and failure. From TLP: Introduction to mechanical testing, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/mechanical-testing/results2.php
4-point bending under a circular polariscope of annealed polycarbonate bar
Annealed bar undergoing 4-point bending under a circular polariscope, From TLP: Introduction to photoelasticity, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/photoelasticity/index.html
3-point bending under a circular polariscope of annealed polycarbonate bar with a notch
Annealed, polycarbonate bar with a notch undergoing 3-point bending under a circular polariscope. From TLP: Introduction to photoelasticity, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/photoelasticity/index.html
3-point bending under a circular polariscope of annealed polycarbonate bar
Annealed, polycarbonate bar undergoing 3-point bending under a circular polariscope, From TLP: Introduction to photoelasticity, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/photoelasticity/index.html
Interactive model of an screw dislocation
Interactive, rotatable model of an screw dislocation. From TLP: Introduction to dislocations, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/dislocations/dislocations_in_3D.php
Interactive model of an edge dislocation
Interactive, rotatable model of an edge dislocation. From TLP: Introduction to dislocations, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/dislocations/dislocations_in_3D.php
Slip by movement of whole lattice planes
Animation of slip by movement of whole lattice planes. Shows how plastic shear deformation occurs in a 2D primitive square lattice without dislocation glide. From TLP: Introduction to dislocations, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/dislocations/dislocation_glide.php
Slip by dislocation glide
Animation of slip by dislocation glide. Dislocation glide allows plastic deformation to occur at a much lower stress than would be required to move a whole plane of atoms past another. See also the bubble raft experiment (videos 17 and 18). From TLP: Introduction to dislocations, http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/doitpoms/tlplib/dislocations/dislocation_glide.php


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home | art & architecture | books & cds | dance | destinations | film | opera | television | theater | archives
or The Nude Goddess by Mark Adamo is opera buffa with a tremolo of serious drama. Commissioned by the Houston Grand Opera and Opera
Columbus, Lysistrata, which pits women against
men in a sexually driven war against war, is in its second co-production of three at New
York City Opera during a time when the debate is escalating over whether the United States
should continue its involvement in the civil war raging within Iraq.
When Adamos flowing music, framed by complicated rhythms and
bursts of exotic percussion, began under the baton of George Manahan, the expectation was
to see the airborne trio of furies who invoke the story of Lysistrata. Loosely based on Aristophanes
play , Adamos clever libretto follows some of the comic touches that Aristophanes
used, such as the provincial dialect spoken by the women and men of
Director Michael Kahn employs an agile and spirited cast that includes
originating singers from the
The womens rebellion is led by General Nicos lover who is
first known as Lysia until later she is crowned by the women as Lysistrata, she who
brings peace. Lysia has a difficult time convincing the women because initially they
are not willing to give up sex with their men. One of the most memorable arias is sung by
Myrrhine who tells Lysia Peace, yes, but what about love? It is a sultry and
jazzy aria that mezzo-soprano Jennifer Rivera puts across with sexy longing. Except for
Sappho (mezzo-soprano Jennifer Roderer) who is getting a lot of poetry
written, the women, including Lysia, have a hard time not sneaking off to be their
Act II, although still offering comic lines, is much more serious. The
warring generals Nico, representing
Whats fascinating about this satisfying evening of theater is
that Adamo not only puts the audience at ease with his high and low comic techniques that
run the gamut from cliches like slam, bam, thank you, mam and breaking
through the invisible fourth wall when one of the characters invites the audience to join
in a much repeated refrain, but also that the playwright-composer puts us in frantic touch
with a current-day, emotionally fraught subjectthe war in Iraq and its implications
for loved ones who are serving our country as soldiers.
New York, March 21, 2006 - Karren L. Alenier


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Body Detox – Day 1
The first thing I noticed on the back of the little box of herbal tablets thrust into my hands was the NO CAFFEINE emblazoned across it in large letters. … SIGH … I responded impulsively, but it did no good. I was committed to a detox as per the stipulations haggled out during discussions between my wife and I.
So, this is the way it is to be, and this is what is going to happen. No coffee for a least a week. Continue reading »


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March 14, 2013
Jason Suchomel Orangebloods.com
DB John Bonney picked up an offer from UT during a junior day visit. He'll be back in Austin this month, and the Longhorns are very high on his list. ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now for a FREE Trial
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Your child's baptism is the beginning of life in a community of faith. Celebrate this beautiful event with these charming decade finger rosary gift boxes. Easy-to-assemble kits come with everything you need to make twelve favor boxes for your guests. You can fill them with candies, tiny keepsakes and other delights. Color choices on box, ribbon and rosary include pink, blue, white and gold. Each rosary has heart-shaped beads and a gold cross. It can be hung decoratively on the outside of the box or tucked away inside as a surprise. Favor boxes are a perfect way to thank your guests for attending your child's sacramental celebration.
Each Finger Rosary Favor Box Kit contains enough elements to make 12 Baptism Favors. Choose pink or blue ribbon accent. Fill favors boxes with special treats such as mints or almonds plus a Thank You note for a nice guest favor. You can select a pink color scheme for girls and blue for boys or go with the classic white box with gold satin ribbon with clear rosary heart beads.
Volume Discount Pice List
Turnaround Time: Usually Ready To Ship Within 2-3 Business Days.
** This Item Ships via Ground Only


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by Julien Chung
A bright, bold book of stickers by Julien Chung, this pack is great for children of all ages. Perfect for decorating everything from school books to bedroom walls, greeting card envelopes and packaging. StickerBooks make cute little gifts - and this fun collection is no exception!
View & buy these stickersby Lara Cameron
This colourful Greeting Card pack features 10 different designs by the master of print and pattern, Lara Cameron. From Japanese inspired trees to delicate florals and flowing shapes this is the ideal pack of cards for all occasions. Forgotten a birthday? Pick a card from the pack! Need to write a thank you note? Lara's got that covered too! This pack also makes a great gift for stationery lovers of all ages.
View & buy these cards


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Check out our new titles,
released December, 2013!
Buy them on sale here!
Check out our
G. A. Henty Study Guides!
Buy them on sale here!
Jim Hodges Audio Books has the largest collection of unabridged recordings of the G.A. Henty historical novels available.
Now you can get your audio books INSTANTLY! Visit our NEW Instant Downloads page to find out more!
Watch Jim's interview on The Homeschooling Buzz:
To see the list of Unabridged Recordings of the Henty Historical novels, click the blue G.A Henty Audio Books button below.
For older listeners, those aged 10 through Adult, any of the following recordings would also be appropriate:
For Younger Listeners
If you are looking for recordings that would be appropriate for younger children, from approximately the age of 5 – 10, I would recommend any of the following categories of recordings:


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Whether you want to get started on Geomagic products, learn advanced techniques, accelerate implementation in your company or have a project that requires expert advice and assistance, Geomagic Training and Mentoring can help you achieve your goals.
Maximize the value of Geomagic software. Geomagic training courses are designed to teach customers the most effective and efficient way to achieve results and maximize success with Geomagic software. All courses are taught by experienced Geomagic instructors with extensive industry and practical knowledge. Courses offered in Europe and Asia are taught in the local language by native speakers.
We even come to you! Customer site training brings instructor-led courses to the customer's location.
Americas: Contact us today for more information
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View United States course calendar
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You must earn 10,000 points to post other members' whiteboard
Enjoyed your comment on cow burps. I'm sure you've heard the legend of the crocogator, the meanest critter on the planet. One end is the mouth of a crocodile, the other end is the mouth of an alligator. How does it s**t," you ask. "That's what makes it so mean."
We sure are being bamboozled! Anyhow, sorry I'm late with the holiday wishes and all, but, I hope that you and yours had a very Ya'a'teeh Keshmish/Craciun Fericit/Merry Christmas and I hope you all have a very Blwyddyn Newydd Dda/Feliz Anno Novo/Happy New Year!


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Search Stallions
Featured Stallion
Talent Search
2014 Fee: $2,500
Breeding Links
National Sire Lists
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Breeding News
Top Mare Nastique Dies at 29
Daughter of Naskra won four grade I stakes and produced two graded stakes winners. More...
Multiple Grade I Winner Flat Out Retired
Three-time grade I winner Flat Out has been retired, owner Art Preston confirmed. Stallion plans are pending. More...
Compare Stallions
Select up to three stallions to compare side by side. The comparison tool is also available from the search results page.


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Paris 35 Light Set
Out of stockForget the usual tired looking fairy lights with these gorgeous handmade cotton string lights.
Switch on your lights and create the perfect ambience for a chilled evening at home or give your party that extra fizz with this alternative lighting!
These lights look great around mirrors, on tables, in vases or redundant fireplaces and they look as good lit as they do unlit.
The lights are made using very high quality cables and lights. If one bulb dies then it's easy to replace it as two replacement bulbs are provided.
Each of the mini thread lampshades are about 6-7cm in diameter
230 V / 50 Hz / 16.6 W
Each Lamp 6.8 V, 70 mA, 0.476 W
14 cm between each lamp
240 cm of lamps (lit) and 150cm from the plug to the first lamp
All cables are CE approved and Plugs BSI compliant.
This product is currently out of stock.


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Whats that saying about walking a mile in ones shoes? I've been writing a fashion advice blog for over seven years, longer than I've been a parent. Before I had my daughter Emerson, blog readers often contacted me asking for advice on how to be stylish moms. I would tell them that its as easy to throw on a refined merino v-neck sweater and pair of ponte trousers as it is to put on sweats or jeans and a stained tee. I'd say that you need to be a good example to your child, showing that you care about yourself and how you are perceived.
Then, I had Emerson, which led to more than a year of feeling as though I was in a foreign body that looked, acted, and even smelled differently. There was more than a year of sleepless nights, and two and a half years of making my wardrobe work with breastfeeding. I tried to be a good employee at the office, a successful blogger, a caring mother, and a loving spouse while still giving my friends attention and seeing my mother at least once a month. It was only through my attempt to have it all that I finally understood why my fellow mothers would shuffle around the mall in scrunchies and their husbands lacrosse shorts. Something has to give.
I still believe in purchasing quality instead of quantity, and that its just as easy to purchase flattering colors as it is a logo tee or plain white shirt. However, I now have walked in a mother's shoes, and I know they are very hard and exhausting shoes to fill. I have been that mom with the stained shirt, the hair in desperate need of a shower thrown up with a rubber band that was around the Sunday paper. And yes, I have even been that working mom who showed up at the office wearing two different shoes.
No person can "have it all," and you have to have priorities. Sometimes that priority is your child, and sometimes that priority is an extra 20 minutes of sleep. It doesnt matter what your priorities are, and it's important to remember that they are different than those of another woman.
That mother in the stretched-out, stained shirt may have thrown it on after having her child puke on the last two blouses; she might be trying to wrangle three children under the age of three on less than three hours of sleep; or maybe just because she just had to get the heck out of the house right then and there to maintain sanity. Its so easy to judge, snark, or roll your eyes, but its just as easy to imagine yourself in her shoes, wishing you could do it all but only having time and energy for the top priorities in life. Imagine yourself in her shoes try walking a mile in them before you pass judgment. You may just end up giving her a hug instead of rolling your eyes.
Alison Gary has been writing Wardrobe Oxygen, a blog that offers tips and advice for all women to achieve personal style, regardless of age, figure, budget, or lifestyle, since 2005. She is mom to three-year-old Emerson.
Photo courtesy of Alison Gary.
If youve got kids or are just curious about the crazy stuff moms deal with, welcome this blog is for you! Author, Charlotte Hilton Andersen, our longtime blogger and mom of four, has been joined by five more popular mom bloggers from across the country who bring their own unique perspectives. Every day, you'll find fresh, tell-it-like-it-is posts from them on the latest parenting news, trends, and issues moms are talking about and some of their own OMG mom moments, too. Have a comment or story to share? Or a topic you want to discuss? Tell us about it in the comments section below or hit us up on Twitter @redbookmag.
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Nearly 150 years after its completion, the Suez Canal continues to inspire awe. But given recent developments in politics, economics, and security, some see it as a mere relic. In fact, the waterway ensures Cairo's continued relevance to the United States and the region.
Noah Smith might be right that neoliberal reforms could rescue Japan's economy. But he's wrong about Abe's ability to try them.
Problems commonly attributed to Japan's business culture -- powerful but inefficient corporations, low job mobility, and a job market that is heavily rigged against women -- are, in fact, results of the country's failure to embrace neoliberalism. Structural reform now could pull the country out of its long slump.
It was 2002, and the race to find natural gas in the United States was on. One contender, Charif Souki, was a rank outsider to the oil patch. He hadn't taken a single geology or engineering course -- or even worked a day in an oil or gas field. But he had an audacious plan.
Later this month, Ukraine will decide whether to sign an association agreement with the EU, boosting political and trade ties, security cooperation, and cultural connections. Whatever choice it makes will reshape Ukraine's domestic political landscape and force President Viktor Yanukovych, ever the authoritarian in democrat's clothing, to change too.
In just a few short years, Eugene Gourevitch has gone from Kyrgyzstan's premier financier and confidant of the ruling family, to wanted man, to FBI informant. His story shows just how business gets done in many corners of the post-Soviet world.
Global power brokers once dismissed Greenland as a white blot on the world map. No longer: Investors from Australia to Canada to China are flocking to the island in the next great contest for mineral riches. Large-scale mining, however, will not be without risks.
The main challenge to eradicating malaria is a lack of will to do the job -- and not among donor countries. Despite its tremendous burden on affected societies, malaria, in the most heavily infected places, is considered a "relatively minor malady," something akin to the common cold.
China is facing a shortage of workers, which will make governing and encouraging economic development considerably more challenging. The country will have to adapt slower growth, its entrepreneurs and tax collectors will have to get used to less income, and multinational corporations will have to learn to live with more expensive labor.
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How-To Geek
Geeky Projects: Ceiling Height Around the Room Marble Run
Are you looking for a different kind of fun project? Then this "do it yourself" marble run that goes around an entire room might be just what you are looking for. Even if this is not your particular project style, the video is still fun to watch.
You can get the instructions for building your own marble run using the following link:
Kinetic Marble Track Around The Top Of A Room [Instructables.com]
Akemi Iwaya (Asian Angel) is our very own Firefox Fangirl who enjoys working with multiple browsers and loves 'old school' role-playing games. Visit her on Twitter and Google+.
- Published 11/22/10
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Comments (3)
Hahahaha :D
Reminds me of a "Tom n' Jerry" episode ;)By the way, can i make it if I live in THIS house?!
http://www.howtogeek.com/news/the-perfect-sized-house-for-one-person-you-decide-video/954/ -
@Hatryst – Ha ha! Combining those two together would make a great geek challenge. ^_^
a to be fun games!


text:
Food as Medicine in Muslim Civilization
1 | 2 | Next
By Nil Sari
Table of contents
1. Introduction2. Elements (unsur) and their Qualities3. Humours (khilt) and Their Qualities4. Temperaments5. How Humours Influence Nutrition6. Classification of Foods According to the Theory of Elements7. How Foods and Medicaments Exert an Effect on the Health8. Classification of Foods According to Digestion 9. Foods with Curative Properties (Gidâ-yi devâî) 10. Examples of Treatment with Foods: Birds and Fish Used in Treatment11. A Balanced Diet for Preserving Health12. Food Combinations to Avoid Harm13. Dietary Rules according to Temperament14. Adjusting Diet According to the Season15. Meal Times and Amounts16. Importance Attached to Food Preparation and to the Cook17. Prescriptions for Foods and Beverages Written by Physicians for Ailing Members of the Palace Household18. From Today's Perspective19. Sources
* * *
1. Introduction
Large image
Figure 1: A banquet given by the commander-in-chief Lala Mustafa Pahsa to the janissaries in Izmit, 5 April 1578. Topkapi Palace Museum Library, MS H1365, fol. 34b.
The main reason why food and beverages were of such importance in medicine is that they not only provide nutrition but also preserve health and possess curative properties. Consequently healthy dietary practice emerged as a distinct field of medical knowledge. The subjects of nutrition, diet and digestion with respect to leading a healthy life and the treatment of disease are discussed at length in Ottoman period medical manuscripts. Vegetables, fruits, animal foods and minerals such as salt are dealt with not only in medical and pharmaceutical works, but even in works on chemistry. Although carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins were as yet unknown, the importance of good food and a balanced diet for healthy living was recognised.
The principles of healthy and balanced nutrition in Ottoman medicine are based on the theories of "elements" and "humours". Even today we can observe relics of this theory, which remained current until the beginning of the twentieth century. To clearly explain the importance of nutrition in Ottoman medicine, it is necessary to take a brief look at the theory of elements and humours; in other words, the philosophy of medicine at that period. I will endeavour to explain this theory as simply as possible, although it consists of definitions and interpretations that cover a wide field, are very complex, and sometimes difficult to comprehend. Despite some variations in opinion regarding the details of this theory among Ottoman physicians, the basic framework of the philosophy of medicine corresponded to the outline I will give below.
All of the information in this text is based on manuscripts and printed Ottoman sources, without any interpretation of my own. It should not be forgotten that evaluating the medical concepts of the Ottoman period in the light of today's medical knowledge would lead to distortion of Ottoman medical philosophy as a whole, and so should only be done with the greatest caution and based on firm evidence. Since explanation of the information in the text in accordance with today's knowledge of the metabolism and endocrinology is a separate subject of research, these will not be taken into account here.
2. Elements (unsur) and their Qualities
Figure 2: An Ottoman Bazar scene. Topkapi Palace Museum Library, MS H1365, fol. 93a.
3. Humours (khilt) and Their Qualities
The human body contains four fluids or humours; that is, blood, plegm, yellow bile and black bile. We cannot define the four humours in the literal sense of the words used to express them. Humours are the fluids first generated by the process of digestion. Blood has a hot and moist nature (sanguine); phlegm is cold and moist (phlegmatic); yellow bile is hot and dry (choleric); black bile is cold and dry (melancholic). A good and healthy humour or combination of humours can be digested and assimilated into the tissues. These are restorative, beneficial humours. Humours with the appropriate qualities taken in moderate amounts nourish the body. Each of the four humours also has sub-categories.
Balance between the humours indicates health. When the quality or amount of the humours deviate from the normal, however, the humoral balance is disturbed and this causes disease. The humours that have caused the disease need to be expelled from the body by means of medicaments. The humoral balance may be distorted by external factors, especially diet, resulting in disease. Abnormal humours that cannot be digested or transformed into a proper form are expelled from the body. When necessary one should help the expulsion process by means of diet or medicaments.
4. Temperaments
The ways in which the opposing qualities of the four elements combine and interact are called "temperaments". If the opposing characteristics are present in equal amounts there will be a balance. But if one or more of the hot, cold, moist or dry qualities are dominant the balance is disturbed. When this occurs the person's temperament is distorted, and their equilibrium (itidâl) is upset. We can talk about the proper ratio of characteristics for each individual person rather than an ideal combination identical for all. It is rare for a person to have a temperament in perfect equilibrium. For example, if fire is the dominant element in a particular person, his temperament is hot; but if water is dominant, the temperament of that person is cold. There are four such simple temperaments. There are also four composite temperaments. For example, if hot and moist qualities are both dominant in a person, that person has a sanguine temperament. If hot and dry qualities are dominant they produce a choleric temperament; if cold and dry qualities dominate they produce a melancholic temperament; and if cold and moist qualities dominate they produce a phlegmatic temperament. These temperaments may be present in a stronger or weaker form, and this causes differences amongst individuals. In addition, temperament varies according to the geographic location, season, age and gender. Temperament should always be taken into consideration both in medical treatment and diet. Each person should eat in accordance with their own temperament. Although some people may have a strong constitution and be able to eat and digest unwholesome food, this should not be depended upon, because the bad humours, which cannot be digested, accumulate gradually, damaging the person's health. Humans learn in time which foods are harmful for them. Sometimes a harmless food that a person has eaten previously might cause harm the next time, and such foods should be avoided.
5. How Humours Influence Nutrition
Figure 3: A plant figure. Source: Abdullah b. Ahmad al-Andalusi Ibn Baytar, Câmiu mufredat al-adviya wa'l-agdiya. Süleymaniye Library, Ayasofya Collection, MS 3748.
It is because humours are formed by digested nutrients that the characteristics and amount of what a person eats and drinks affects the health of a person either favourably or adversely. Preserving the humoral balance and thus a person's health is possible by means of proper nutrition. If possible, the first step in treating an illness is to correct the distorted humoral balance by means of foods consistent with the patient's temperament; that is, by means of an appropriate diet. Only if this does not work is resort made to medication. The following words by the Islamic physician Razi's are famous: "If you can cure a person by diet, do not suggest medication".
6. Classification of Foods According to the Theory of Elements
Figure 4: A plant figure. Source: Ibn Baytar, Câmiu mufredat al-adviya wa'l-agdiya. Süleymaniye Library, Ayasofya Coll., MH 3748.
Cold foods: Foods that are cold create phlegm. Cucumber, squash, purslane and lettuce are cold vegetables. They cause weakness (süst).
Hot foods: Foods that are hot by nature create yellow bile. Such foods mainly consist of spices and similar condiments added to food. For example, ginger, pepper, dry coriander, cumin, cinnamon, onion, garlic and mastic are hot foods.
Dry foods: Dry foods create black bile, a cause of melancholy. They lead to loss of appetite and constipation. Foods such as millet, lentils and dried meat are examples of dry foods.
Moist foods: Moist foods are those without strong salty, sweet, sour or bitter flavours. They have a softening effect. Noodles and spinach cooked with rice and meat are examples of moist foods.
7. How Foods and Medicaments Exert an Effect on the Health
Figure 5: A plant figure. Source: Ibn Baytar, Câmiu mufredat al-adviya wa'l-agdiya. Süleymaniye Library, Ayasofya Coll., MS 3748.
Essential qualities: A food's essential qualities (coldness, hotness, moistness, dryness) can affect the person who eats it, and its effect will be proportional to the degree of these qualities. Examples of these have been given above.
Substance: Foods like meat and bread are called absolute nutrients (mutlak gidâ), because they affect the health solely by their substances. Various organs of animals whose meat is eaten, and animal products such as eggs, milk, honey and cheese are also used in treatment as well as being consumed as food. The nutritional strength of these foods varies. For example, the nutritional strength of undercooked eggs or meat stock is high, whereas that of most vegetables and rosewater is low; that of apples is moderate.
Power (kuvvet, hâsse, hâsîyet): This is the power of a foodstuff or medicinal substance to produce a particular effect. If a substance taken alone functions as an analgesic, emetic, laxative, diuretic or sedative, it is described as a "medicament with a power unique to itself"; that is, it has medicinal power. If the effect of such a substance (such as the Mediterranean fan palm (Chamaerops humilis) is in harmony with the nature of human beings it is non-poisonous. However, if the effect of a substance is against human nature, as in the case of sevkerân [1], for example, it is described as having the "power of poison". Notwithstanding that substances are effective through their qualities; it is their "powers" that prevail. For example, there is laxative power in the dried juice obtained from scammony (Convolvulus scammonia) root and turpeth (Ipomoea turpethum) root. To give another example, the poison of the viper snake is hot and scorpion poison is cold, but it is not these characteristics that do the killing; what is fatal is the "power of poison".
Amount: The effect of a substance varies according to the amount that is taken. Some that do not have any effect the first time they are taken become effective when they are taken a second or third time, or when the amount is increased. Saffron (Crocus sativus), which is used as a stimulant and appetizer, is an example of this. There also are foods that become harmful as the amount is increased. For example, eating too much onion causes freckles on the face and vertigo.
8. Classification of Foods According to Digestion
Foods are also classified according to their being easily digested or not.
Gentle (lâtif) Foods: Most of the "gentle" foods are digested with very little residual humour or other residual substances. The gentle foods also assist in expelling food residues. The consumption of gentle foods results in boiling and burning of the blood, and the production of additional yellow bile. Most vegetables (especially radish and mustard), meat stock, egg yolk, liver, mutton and chickpea soup [2], young dove, sparrow, pickles (capers, onion, garlic, radish pickle with vinegar, beetroot pickle with mustard etc) are gentle nutrients (although eating too much pickle causes aging and weakens the nerves). Because the "digestive power" of people who get little exercise and the elderly is diminished, such people should eat in moderation and choose mainly "gentle" foods. For example, instead of meat, they should eat soup made with meat stock.
Coarse (galîz [3]) Foods: Coarse foods increase moistness and phlegm, so that the quantity of phlegm becomes excessive. Coarse foods also increase bodily strength and cause plumpness. These foods and beverages should be consumed when very hungry and in moderate amounts so that they are well digested, because they cause indigestion. If a person suffers from congestion (sudde), such as constipation, as a result of eating coarse food, they should eat gentle nutrients, which will unblock the congestion. Accordingly, if congestion occurs after eating coarse foods such as herîse [4], sheep's trotters, unleavened bread or starch halva [5], one should eat gentle nutrients such as capers [6], onion pickle, garlic pickle, radish with vinegar and beetroot pickle with mustard [7], followed by a drink of sirkengebin [8], taking care to eat in moderation.
Foods such as pure wheat bread, ripe fruits that have been hung on strings for a few days and fully ripe figs give strength and plumpen the body. When excessive fullness is felt it is necessary to "cleanse" the body, that is, to empty the digestion system. Vomiting is a simple way of cleansing the body. Alternatively the patient may eat less then usual for a few days, or drink a light laxative in moderate amounts. The following short receipt is for a medication used for the purpose of cleansing:
"11 dirhems [9] of mastic [10]; one small peeled turpeth root; 1 dirhem of ginger pounded, sieved and warmed with almond oil; and 1 dank [11] of sugar are taken and pounded together, sieved and eaten before going to bed at night. Drink warm water, either plain or mixed with rosewater, and go to bed. A good result will be easily obtained by the morning. For some people 2 dirhems of mastic with 2 dirhems of sugar is sufficient."
9. Foods with Curative Properties (Gidâ-yi devâî)
Figure 6: A painting of two sea creatures: stingray and cuttlefish. Source: Ibn Baytar, Câmiu mufredat al-adviya wa'l-agdiya. Süleymaniye Library, Ayasofya Coll., MS 3748.
Foods consumed for the protection of health or treatment of disease are called devâ-yi gidâ or gidâ-yi devâî (foods with curative properties). Some substances used both as medicament (devâ) and as a food or beverage (gidâ) may be called devâ-i gidâ-i zî hassa or gidâ-yi devâ-i zî hassa (foods with particular curative power). This category consists of foods with a curative effect or substances that are employed primarily for curative purposes but also used as food. For a substance to be classified as a gidâ-yi devâî it must be effective both in its quality and in its substance. Such substances are non-poisonous (nâ-zehr).
Foods such as kesk-i cû, a type of blancmange made with barley flour and ewe's milk; and scariole [12] that possess both medicinal and nutritive characteristics, provide relief by their cold quality (bürûdet) on one hand and serve as foods on the other. Physicians prescribe such foods and beverages to their patients.
Vegetables and fruits are curative foods. For example, figs, fully ripe grapes and dates are more curative in their nature and so should be eaten sparingly. Those who wish to protect their health should avoid a diet consisting solely of fruit and vegetables because these are foods with curative properties.
10. Examples of Treatment with Foods: Birds and Fish Used in Treatment
Figure 7: Makers of the sweet (halva) "ma'muniyya" for the adynamia (Surnâme-i Hümayun, year 1582). Topkapi Palace Museum Library, MS H1344.). Source: Turkish Medical History through Miniature Pictures Exhibition, published by Nil Sari-Ülker Erke, Istanbul: ISHIM, 2002.
Birds were used as invalid food and for the treatment of diseases. The meat or fat was applied externally to cure wounds and taken internally for the treatment of diseases of the muscles and nervous system and for enhancing virility. Each species of bird was thought to have an effect of its own. For example, duck meat was said to cure hoarseness of the voice, eliminate flatulence, increase virility, and fatten and strengthen the body; while benefits such as relieving deep pain are ascribed to the fat. It is also stated that duck fat cleanses and beautifies the skin. Birds were sometimes cooked with spices and medicinal herbs. For example, goose was cooked with vinegar and spices; biryân [13] was cooked with olive oil and then stuffed with onions and a couple of garlic cloves added; or alternatively cooked like isfidbâc [14], with the addition of chickpeas, white whorehound [15] and cinnamon. The addition of carrots and rue [16] was considered very beneficial.
Stock made from young chicken, hen or rooster is both nutritious in its substance and a medicament, while the brain, testicles and excrement are medicaments. It is said that the best roosters are those that have not yet started crowing and the best hens those that have not yet laid eggs. We find diverse recipes for cooking chicken to obtain the required effects. For example, if a chicken is stuffed with misk apples [17] or quince and then roasted, it is very nutritious. Drinking stock prepared by cooking a rooster with ample water and adding polyploidy [18] is a laxative. Recipes are given for dishes to treat certain diseases. For example, for the treatment of lumbago the following dish is prescribed: "Take a rooster and add 20 dirhems of pounded safflower [19] seed, 15 dirhems of polypody, a pinch each of dill [20], fennel seed [21], cumin and carnation, and some chickpeas. Make the dish slightly more salty than usual. When well cooked strain and drink the juice as soup. Cooked garlic is a cure for flatulence."
Various fish species, including the goby, turbot, eel, carp, sea bass, pike, red mullet, plaice, bluefish, bream, picarel, grey mullet, sole, two-banded bream, bonito, mackerel and trout, and also the dolphin, are described as curative by medical authors. The benefit of feeding patients with red mullet, goby and scorpion fish is particularly emphasised. There is extensive information in medical books about which fish are best, where they are caught, how to cook them, and with which foods they should and should not be eaten.
Since fish are cold by nature they calm the hot humours and thereby have a beneficial effect in cases of diseases of a hot nature. For example, they are good for a dry cough, jaundice, debility, dysentery and fissurations. Fish eggs improve virility and are good for coughs and dysentery. Medications prepared with fish are used in the treatment of various diseases such as chronic furuncles, warts, poisonous stings such as scorpion stings, bites by rabid dogs, swellings in the anus, high fever, malaria, deafness, hard lumps on the uvula, psoriasis and jaundice. Medical writers explain which cooking and preparation methods are to be used for the treatment of which diseases. In other words, fish recipes are used for healthy nutrition and for protection from and treatment of disease. Here are some examples of medications containing fish and fish dishes taken from medical manuscripts:
Fish poultice: This medicament is made with scorched fish and applied to swellings in the anus. It is also applied to bites from rabid dogs or stings by poisonous animals such as scorpions.
Scorched fish head: The head of a salted fish is scorched and the ashes sprinkled on furuncles and warts.
Burnt fishbone: The ashes of burnt fishbone are beneficial for psoriasis.
Fish heart: The heart of the fish cut in half and cooked with vinegar is especially good for those suffering from malaria or jaundice and those with a hot temperament.
Fish cooked in vinegar: Fish cooked with vinegar is good for those with malaria and a hot temperament.
Fried fish: Fish fried in a little oil is good for those who are recuperating from a disease because it gives strength.
Fish laxative: The stomach of the fish is slit, filled with silk and sewn up with string. Then it is placed into 1800 dirhems of water and cooked until only 300 dirhems of water remain, then strained. Drinking this water causes extreme diarrhea.
Dolphin fat: Colocynth [22] is cooked in dolphin fat, which is of a hot temperament. This oil is then dropped into the ear to cure deafness.
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[1] 1. Hemlock Conium maculatum. 2. Helleborus. A poisonous substance called heleborin is extracted from some species of this genus.
[2] Nohud-âb: chickpeas are boiled in water, drained and cooked with chicken or meat stock.
[3] Although the word galîz means coarse or thick, in a medical context it refers to foods that are difficult to digest and high in calories, containing large proportions of fat, carbohydrates or sugar. The word lüzûcet, which means viscous, is similarly used. For example, galîz foods with excess lüzûcet cause phlegm.
[4] Herîse: a dish made with mutton and whole wheat grains cooked together until tender and then beaten to a porridge.
[5] A pudding made by cooking starch in butter and then adding water and honey or sugar.
[6] Gemmae capparidis. Buds of the Capparis spinos plant used to make pickles. They are congestive and strengthening.
[7] Mustard enhances the appetite. Table mustard is made of seeds of the black (Brassica nigra) and white (Sinapis alba) mustard plants.
[8] Oxymel. A drink made of honey and vinegar.
[9] Dirhem: approximately 3.32 grams.
[10] Resin of the mastic tree, Pistacia lentiscus var. latifolius.
[11] Dank: a measurement that varies over place and time, being equivalent to one sixth or sometimes one quarter of a dirhem.
[12] Prickly lettuce, Lactuca scariola, or possibly chicory Cichorum intybus.
[13] Biryan: meat that is first braised with no or little water and then roasted. In regional Turkish cuisine this dish is called pîren (biryân) and cooked in a pit oven.
[14] Isfidbac: an ancient Arab dish for which meat is first cooked with tail fat, chickpeas, onion, coriander, dill and almond milk, and then egg yolks, cumin and cinnamon are added. This dish is recorded in in Ottoman Turkish cuisine in the sixteenth century.
[15] Marrubium vulgare.
[16] Ruta graveolens.
[17] Misk or misket apple: a fragrant variety of apple.
[18] Polypodium vulgare.
[19] Carthamus tinctorius. Medicaments are prepared from the seeds, which have a laxative effect. The flowers are sometimes added to food.
[20] Anethum graveolens. An infusion of the fruits of this plant is used for flatulence and to aid digestion. The aromatic leaves are used as a culinary herb.
[21] Fennel is used to relieve gastric complaints and flatulence.
[22] Citrullus colocynthis.
* Professor Nil Sari, Ph. D., from Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Department of Deontology and History of Medicine, is a world expert scholar in the history of medicine, Islamic medicine and culture and Ottoman science and medicine. Professor Sari is also a key FSTC associate. This article was first published in "Turk Mutfagi (Turkish Cuisine)", edited by Arif Bilgin-Ozge Samanci, Ankara: Kultur ve Turizm Bakanligi Yayinlari, 2008. We are grateful to Professor Nil Sari, author of the article and, for allowing publication. The article was translated from Turkish by Mary Isin.
by: FSTC Limited, Thu 08 January, 2009


text:
- Apartment
1306414062__MG_0255 copia.jpg1306156763_PRATS MOLTLLO 02.jpgSant Gervasi Funny 2Area: Sant GervasiCapacity: 6 Guests
2 Bedrooms
1 Double bed
2 Single beds
1 Bathroom
1 Double sofa beds
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1 comments8Amenities
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Other apartments are available in the same building.
Rates and other Sant Gervasi Funny 2 apartment rental conditions
Minimum stay: 5 nightsRates (including taxes), from:Price per night:140 €Price per week:980 €Price 1 month:4.400 €Price 2-6 months4.400 €/monthSurplus from 3 guests: 20 €/dayOnly for stays shorter than 30 days:Other chargesCheck-in / Check-out:15 € / 10 €Check-in on Sundays:30 €Check-in after 20h:30 €
Deposit: 400 €
Other conditionsThe price includes agency fees, bed linen and towels, weekly cleaning service, bed linen laundry in the apartment, internet, water and energy costs (up to 150 €/month). The parking is not included. The remaining balance of your reservation must be paid upon arrival, in cash or with credit card. The security deposit must be made using a credit card.Tourist tax (0.72€/person/night) not included -
- Area
Surrounding of the apartment Sant Gervasi Funny 2 in the Sant Gervasi neighbourhoodType of serviceName & AddressDescriptionClients' evaluations
Gourmet shop
Gourmet shop
Selling and tasting of top quality wines, olive oils and cheeses. In the back shop: home-made dishes.Restaurant
Fresh Catalan cuisine in a pleasant atmosphere at reasonable prices (30-40€)Health services
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Sant Gervasi Funny 2
Ratings over 1 comments8Situation7Atmosphere8Comfort8Cleaning60Tineke 07 August 20128If you like a relaxed stay in Barcelona, rent an appartment with AspasiosO-Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo
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text:
Supplement Facts
Serving Size 1 Capsule
Amount Per Serving | % Daily Value | |
TruFlex® MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) | 1 gram | * |
*Daily Value not established.
Other ingredients: Gelatin, magnesium stearate.
Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take one capsule three to five times per day with water.
TruFlex® is a registered trademark of Swanson Health Products.