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- published: 09 Nov 2012
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Pre-order new album Unapologetic, out worldwide Monday, November 19: http://smarturl.it/UnapologeticDlx Music video by Rihanna performing Diamonds. ©: The Island Def Jam Music Group
Rihanna | |
Rihanna performing on her Loud Tour in 2011 |
Background information | |
Birth name | Robyn Rihanna Fenty |
Born | (1988-02-20) February 20, 1988 (age 24) Saint Michael, Barbados |
Genres | R&B, pop, dancehall, reggae, hip hop, dance |
Occupations | Recording artist, actress |
Years active | 2005–present |
Labels | Def Jam |
Website | www.rihannanow.com Rihanna's signature |
Robyn Rihanna Fenty ( /riˈɑːnə/ ree-AH-nə or /riˈænə/ ree-AN-ə; born February 20, 1988), known mononymously as Rihanna, is a Barbadian recording artist and actress. Born in Saint Michael, Barbados, Rihanna moved to the United States at age 16 to pursue a recording career under the guidance of record producer Evan Rogers. She subsequently signed a contract with Def Jam Recordings.[1]
In 2005, Rihanna released her debut studio album, Music of the Sun, which peaked in the top ten of the Billboard 200 chart and features the Billboard Hot 100 top five hit single "Pon de Replay". In less than a year, she released her second studio album, A Girl Like Me (2006), which peaked within the top-five in the United States, and produced her first Hot 100 number one single, "SOS". Rihanna's third studio album, Good Girl Gone Bad released in May 2007, spawned the international hit singles "Umbrella", "Don't Stop the Music", "Take a Bow" and "Disturbia", with an additional four singles being released. The album was nominated for nine Grammy Awards, winning Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Umbrella". Her fourth studio album Rated R (2009), produced the top-ten singles "Russian Roulette", "Hard" and "Rude Boy", with the latter achieving the number-one spot on the Billboard Hot 100. Loud (2010), Rihanna's fifth studio album, spawned the number-one hits "Only Girl (In the World)", "What's My Name?" and "S&M". "We Found Love" served as the lead single from Rihanna's sixth studio album, Talk That Talk (2011). The song was an international success, topping the charts in more than twenty countries.
Rihanna's work has earned her numerous awards and accolades, including five American Music Awards, eighteen Billboard Music Awards, two BRIT Awards and six Grammy Awards. She has achieved a total of eleven number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, becoming the youngest solo artist to achieve the feat.[2] Billboard named Rihanna the Digital Songs Artist of the 2000s decade, and ranked her as the seventeenth artist of the same decade.[3][4] She is the highest-selling digital artist in US history, having sold 47,571,000 singles as of 2012.[5] Furthermore, she has also shipped 7.3 million album units in the United States as of September 2011.[6] Some of her singles have earned their place on the list of best-selling singles worldwide. Rihanna has sold more than 25 million albums and 60 million singles worldwide since the beginning of her career in 2005, which makes her one of the best selling artists of all time.[7] In June 2011, Forbes reported that Rihanna had earned $29 million between May 2010 and May 2011.[8] In 2012, American magazine Time named Rihanna one of the most influential people in the world.[9] Rihanna was also ranked the fourth most powerful celebrity in 2012 with earnings of $53 million between May 2011 and May 2012, according to Forbes.[10]
Contents |
Robyn Rihanna Fenty was born on February 20, 1988, in Saint Michael, Barbados, to Monica Braithwaite, a retired accountant, and Ronald Fenty, a warehouse supervisor for a garment factory.[12] Her mother, a native of Guyana, is Afro-Guyanese, and her father is of Barbadian and Irish descent.[13] The eldest of three siblings, Rihanna has two brothers, Rorrey and Rajad Fenty.[14] She also has two half-sisters and a half-brother from her father's side, each born by different mothers before Rihanna's father married her mother.[15][16] Rihanna grew up listening to reggae music,[17] and began singing at around the age of seven.[14] Her childhood was deeply affected by her father's addiction to crack cocaine, alcohol, and marijuana,[18] and her parents' turbulent marriage ended when she was 14.[12] She grew up in a three-bedroom bungalow in Bridgetown and sold clothes with her father on a street stall.[11] She attended Charles F. Broome Memorial Primary School and then the Combermere High School, where she formed a musical trio with two of her classmates.[14] Rihanna was an army cadet in a sub-military programme that trained with the military of Barbados, and fellow Barbadian and singer-songwriter Shontelle was her drill sergeant.[19] Although she initially wanted to graduate from high school, she chose to pursue her musical career instead.[20]
Before signing to Def Jam Recordings, Rihanna was discovered in her home country by American record producer Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers.[21] The two met in December 2003 through mutual friends of Rihanna's and Rogers' wife, while the couple was on vacation in Barbados, because of how Rihanna's friend had told Rogers' wife how the aspiring singer was always singing and performing.[21] After meeting for the first time, Rogers' asked Rihanna to come to his hotel room, where she performed renditions of Destiny's Child's "Emotion" and Mariah Carey's "Hero".[21] Rihanna's renditions impressed Rogers, who then took her to New York, where she was accompanied by her mother, Monica, to record some demo tapes which could be sent to record labels.[21][22] Production of the demo tapes took about a year, due to Rihanna only being able to record during school holidays.[22] At the age of 16, Rihanna was signed to Rogers' and Carl Sturken's production company, Syndicated Rhythm Productions, who assigned her a lawyer and manager, before the completed demo tape was distributed to various record labels around the world in late 2004.[22] The first to respond to the demo tape was Jay-Z, who had recently been appointed as president and CEO of Def Jam Recordings. Rihanna auditioned for him and music mogul L.A. Reid, in his office.[22][23] Looking back on the audition and meeting Jay-Z, Rihanna explained in an interview how she felt before walking into the room, saying:
That's when I really got nervous ... I was like: 'Oh God, he's right there, I can't look, I can't look, I can't look!' I remember being extremely quiet. I was very shy. I was cold the entire time. I had butterflies. I'm sitting across from Jay-Z. Like, Jay-Zee. I was star-struck.[22]
During the audition, Rihanna performed Whitney Houston's cover of "For the Love of You", as well as her first single "Pon de Replay" and "The Last Time", which were written and produced by Rogers and Sturken and would be included on her debut album Music of the Sun.[22] Jay-Z was initially skeptical about signing Rihanna after he felt "Pon de Replay" was too big for her, saying "when a song is that big, it's hard [for a new artist] to come back from. I don't sign songs, I sign artists".[24] The audition resulted in Rihanna signing a six-album record deal with Def Jam Recordings in February 2005, on the same day of the audition, with Jay-Z saying "There's only two ways out. Out the door after you sign this deal. Or through this window ...",[22] meaning that he was not going to let her leave with signing a record deal.[22] After signing to Def Jam Recordings, Rihanna cancelled other meetings with record labels and relocated from Barbados to New York to live with Rogers' and his wife.[25] Rihanna explained the concept behind the title of the album to Kidzworld, saying that the sun is representative of native Caribbean culture, as well as herself, and that the album consists of music from her heritage.[26]
After signing with Def Jam, she spent the next three months recording and completing her debut album.[1] The album featured production from Evan Rogers, Carl Sturken, Stargate and Poke & Tone.[27] She first collaborated with rapper Memphis Bleek on his fourth studio album 534 before her debut. She released her debut single, "Pon de Replay" on August 22, 2005, which peaked at number two on both the Billboard Hot 100 and the UK Singles Chart.[28] It became a global hit, peaking within the top ten across fifteen countries. Her debut album, Music of the Sun, was released in August 2005 in the United States.[29] The album reached number ten on the Billboard 200, selling 69,000 copies in its first week.[30] The album went on to sell over two million copies worldwide and received a Gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting shipments of over 500,000 units to retailers in the United States.[31]
Her music was marketed within the reggae genre because of her Caribbean descent. The album received mixed reviews by music critics. Rolling Stone magazine gave it 2.5 out of 5 stars and described as lacking the replay value, ingenuity and rhythm of the single with "generic vocal hiccups and frills" of US R&B inflecting upon her "Caribbean charm".[32] Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine described the album as a "glut of teen R&B chanteuses " and described her lead single "Pon de Replay" as "a dancehall-pop mixture that owes plenty of its sweat and shimmy to Beyoncé's "Baby Boy".[27] A reviewer for Entertainment Weekly commented that the "dancehall/R&B debut is filled with chintzy production and maudlin arrangements that block out the Music of the Sun. The album's second single, "If It's Lovin' that You Want"[33] was less successful than its predecessor, managing a peak position of number thirty-six in the United States, and number eleven in the United Kingdom.[28] The single proved to be more well received in Australia, Ireland and New Zealand reaching the top ten.
A month after the release of her debut album, she began working on her second studio album.[34] The album contained production from record producers Evan Rogers and Carl Sturken who produced most of her debut album, as well as Stargate, J. R. Rotem and label-mate singer-songwriter Ne-Yo.[35] Whilst recording the album, Rihanna served as an opening act for Gwen Stefani on tour to promote her debut album.[36] A Girl Like Me was released in April 2006,[37] less than eight months after her debut. The album reached number five on the Billboard 200[30] selling 115,000 copies in its first week and was certified Platinum by the RIAA, having shipped over one million units.[31][38] Internationally, the album peaked at number one on the Canadian Albums Chart and number five in the UK and Ireland. Critical response to the album was mixed; Rolling Stone magazine commented "Like her filler-packed debut album, this similar but superior follow-up doesn't deliver anything else as ingenious as its lead single."[39] Critics described the album as a record that almost identically alternates between the sunny dancehall/dub-pop, hip-hop-infused club bangers and gushy, adult-oriented ballads.[40]
The lead single, "SOS", peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming her first single to top the charts in the United States.[28] The second single, "Unfaithful", became a major worldwide hit, reaching the top ten in eighteen countries around the world, including the US where it reached number six, as well as topping the charts in Canada and Switzerland. The album's third single "We Ride"[41] did not achieve the same success, remaining uncharted in the US and reaching a peak of seventeen in the UK. However, the fourth US single, "Break It Off" featuring Sean Paul, reached number nine on the Billboard Hot 100.[42][43] After the release of the album, Rihanna embarked on her first headlining tour, the Rihanna: Live in Concert Tour. She then embarked on the Rock Tha Block Tour followed by touring with the Pussycat Dolls from November 2006 to February 2007 in the UK.[44] Rihanna made her acting debut in a cameo role in the straight-to-DVD film Bring It On: All or Nothing, which was released on August 8, 2006.[45]
With her third studio album, Good Girl Gone Bad (2007), Rihanna wanted to head in a new direction with the help of music producers Timbaland, will.i.am and Sean Garrett, and re-imagine her album compositions[46] with fresh, uptempo dance tracks.[47] She adopted a more rebellious image whilst recording the album, eventually dying her hair black and cutting it short. Rihanna commented, "I want to keep people dancing but still be soulful at the same time [...] You feel different every album, and [at] this stage I feel like I want to do a lot of uptempo [songs]."[47] The album topped the charts in multiple countries including the UK, Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Japan, Russia and at number two in the US and Australia. Unlike previous work, the album featured a more dance-pop sound instead of the dancehall, reggae and ballad styles found in Rihanna's first two albums. The album received positive reviews by critics, becoming her most critically acclaimed album at that time compared to her previous efforts.[48]
Good Girl Gone Bad yielded four chart-topping singles — all reaching the top three of the Billboard Hot 100 — including the major worldwide number one hit, "Umbrella", featuring Jay-Z. In addition to reaching number one in twelve other countries, "Umbrella" peaked at number one in the UK for ten consecutive weeks,[49] making it the longest-running number one single since Wet Wet Wet's single "Love Is All Around" spent fifteen weeks at the top in 1994.[50] It became the longest-running chart topper of the 2000s decade, and remains the longest-running number one since its release in 2007.[51] The song was listed at number three on the '100 Best Songs of 2007' published by Rolling Stone magazine.[52] It became Rihanna's first single to be named one of the best-selling singles worldwide, having sold over 6.6 million singles since being released.[53][54] Her other singles, "Shut Up and Drive", and "Hate That I Love You", "Don't Stop The Music" were released from the album and were able to mirror the success of "Umbrella", with the latter reaching number three on the Billboard Hot 100, whilst peaking at number one in Australia, the Netherlands, France, Germany and Switzerland.[55] At the 2007 American Music Awards, Rihanna won the award for 'Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist'.
The re-issue of her third album, titled Good Girl Gone Bad: Reloaded, released in June 2008, features three added songs. The first single from the re-release, "Take a Bow",[56] topped the charts in six countries worldwide, including in Canada, Ireland, the UK and US. "If I Never See Your Face Again", a duet with Maroon 5,[57] was also included in the re-release, alongside "Disturbia", which also reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100[58] and earned Rihanna a nomination for Best Dance Recording at the 51st Grammy Awards. "Disturbia" and "Take a Bow" both silmiltaneously appeared inside the top five on the Hot 100, making Rihanna the seventh female artist to have two songs in the top five. She was also featured on rapper T.I.'s "Live Your Life," which peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, giving Rihanna her fifth number one single on the chart at the time,[59] and making Rihanna the artist with the joint-most number one singles of the 2000s decade, with the other being Beyoncé Knowles. A remix of the album, Good Girl Gone Bad: The Remixes, was also released containing remixed versions of songs from the reloaded edition of the album. "Good Girl Gone Bad" has shipped over 2.7 million units in the United States alone, receiving a two-times-platinum certification from the RIAA and marking Rihanna's best-selling album to date in the country.[31][60] Rihanna was nominated in four categories at the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards, winning 'Monster Single of the Year' and 'Video of the Year' for "Umbrella".[61] Rihanna won her first award at the 50th Grammy Awards in 2008, winning Best Rap/Sung Collaboration,[62] in addition to receiving five other nominations, including Record of the Year, Best Dance Recording, Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group and Best R&B Song. In support of the album, she kicked off her second headlining tour, the Good Girl Gone Bad Tour on September 12, 2007, with a total of 80 shows across the US, Canada and Europe[63] and then embarked on the Glow in the Dark Tour with Kanye West, Lupe Fiasco, and N.E.R.D on April 16, 2008.[64][65][66] Rihanna won the awards for 'Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist' and 'Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist' at the 2008 American Music Awards.[67]
On February 8, 2009, Rihanna's scheduled performance at the 51st Grammy Awards was cancelled.[68] Reports later surfaced regarding an altercation with then-boyfriend, singer Chris Brown, who was arrested on suspicion of making criminal threats.[69] On March 5, 2009, Brown was charged with assault and making criminal threats.[70] Due to a leaked photograph from the Los Angeles Police Department obtained by TMZ.com — which revealed Rihanna had sustained visible injuries — an organization known as STOParazzi proposed a law called "Rihanna's Law," which, if enacted, would "deter employees of law enforcement agencies from releasing photos or information that exploits crime victims."[71] Gil Kaufman of VH1 reported the "nonstop coverage of the Rihanna/Brown case has brought up a number of issues regarding the privacy of alleged victims of domestic violence, including the decision by almost all major news outlets to divulge the identity of the victim — which is not typically done in domestic-violence cases" and the controversial distribution of the leaked photograph.[72] Rihanna was subpoenaed to testify during a preliminary hearing in Los Angeles on June 22, 2009.[73] Rihanna's attorney, Donald Etra told US Weekly, "The DA told me Rihanna will be subpoenaed. I will accept on her behalf."[74] On June 22, 2009, Brown pled guilty to the felony assault. In exchange for his plea Brown received five years probation and was ordered to stay fifty yards away from Rihanna, unless at public events, which then would be reduced to ten yards.[75] However, in February 2011, at the request of Brown's lawyer, Judge Patricia Schnegg modified with Rihanna's consent the restraining order to a "level one order," allowing both singers to appear at awards shows together in the future.[76][77] The following year, a police statement outlining what Rihanna said happened during the events, was leaked online. Statements in the documents were made by the responding LAPD officer.[78]
Rihanna made her first appearance in a music video since the assault, as the central character in Kanye West's clip, "Paranoid".[79] She also collaborated with Jay-Z and West on "Run This Town"[80] which peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100, number one in the UK, and reached the top ten in ten other countries. The song won 'Best Rap Song' and 'Best Rap/Sung Collaboration', at the 52nd Grammy Awards.[81] Her fourth studio album, Rated R was released in November 2009,[82] and was described as having a very dark and mature atmosphere due to previous events. Rolling Stone was favorable of the album commenting that "Rihanna has transformed her sound and made one of the best pop records of the year".[83] The album debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 and was certified Platinum by the RIAA for shipments of over one million copies.[31] The lead single, "Russian Roulette", received commercial success, reaching number one in Norway and Switzerland. It also reached the top ten in sixteen other countries including in the UK at number two, and number nine on the US Billboard Hot 100. The second single, "Hard" was released predominantly in the United States only. However, besides from reaching the top ten in the country at number eight, it also charted in other countries such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. "Rude Boy", the third global single, became the biggest worldwide success from the album, topping the Billboard Hot 100 for six weeks, as well as claiming top ten positions in twenty-two other countries.[84] Two other singles were released from Rated R, United States and Australian only single, "Rockstar 101" and the final European single, "Te Amo". "Rated R: Remixed" was released in the spring of 2010 and featured ten tracks from the album revamped as remixes by Chew Fu.[85] To further promote the album, she embarked on her second worldwide tour, the Last Girl on Earth Tour, performing 67 shows.
In January 2010, Rihanna won two Barbados Music Awards for "Song of the Decade" with "Umbrella" and 'Entertainer of the Decade'. She was also named 'International Female Artist of the Year' at the 2010 NRJ Music Awards.[86] During the summer, she collaborated with rapper Eminem on "Love the Way You Lie", which was a major worldwide success, reaching number one on the Billboard Hot 100, as well as in twenty other countries worldwide.[87] "Love the Way You Lie" became Rihanna's seventh Hot 100 number one of her career, making her the female artist with the fifth-most number ones in the chart's history.[88] Despite reaching number two, the song became the biggest-selling song of 2010 in the UK,[89] and the first of three Rihanna singles to sell over one million copies in the country.[90] It also remains Rihanna's highest-certified and best-selling single in the US,[91][92] and best-selling single worldwide. With sales of over nine million to date, it is one of the best-selling singles worldwide; and Rihanna's biggest-selling single worldwide.[93] Later that year, Rihanna recorded a sequal to the track entitled, "Love the Way You Lie Part II" for her fifth studio album, from her perspective, featuring Eminem once more. It received positive reviews from critics and managed to reach the top twenty of the Canadian Hot 100 after the album's release.[94] It remained on the chart for eight weeks.[95]
She also lent her vocals to the hook of "All of the Lights", the fourth single from Kanye West's fifth studio album, My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, which features additional vocals from several other recording artists, including John Legend, The-Dream, Elly Jackson, Alicia Keys, Fergie, Kid Cudi, and Elton John.[96] In October 2010, she released a self-titled book,[97] and announced that she was parting ways with manager Marc Jordan and would henceforth be managed by Jay-Z's Roc Nation Management.[98] She also stated that she plans to start her own company entitled, "Rihanna Entertainment", in which she will "merge all of her businesses including music, film, fragrance, fashion and book ventures".[98] In January 2011, she also released her first women's perfume entitled, "Reb'l Fleur".[99]
Rihanna released her fifth studio album, Loud on November 16, 2010.[100] It debuted at number three on the Billboard 200, selling 207,000 copies in its first week, making it the biggest opening week sales of her career to date.[101] Its lead single, "Only Girl (In the World)", reached number one in fourteen countries including Australia, Canada, the UK and US.[102][103][104] The song also won the award for 'Best Dance Recording' at the 53rd Grammy Awards in 2011.[105] The album's second single, "What's My Name?", featuring Canadian rapper Drake, also reached number one in both the US and UK, making Rihanna the first female solo artist to have five number one singles in the United Kingdom in consecutive years.[106] The song reached number one on the Hot 100 before "Only Girl (In the World)", making it the first time in the chart's history that an album's lead single reached number one after the second.[107] With her third international single from the album, '"S&M" featuring Britney Spears, the singer earned another milestone when the track reached number one on the Hot 100, becoming the youngest artist in the chart's 52-year history to achieve ten number one singles.[2] "Man Down", served as the fourth US single and in other territories worldwide.[108] It reached number one in France,[109] as well as peaking within the top ten in eight other countries. "California King Bed"[110] and the final single, "Cheers (Drink to That)" were last to be released from the album with the latter reaching number seven on the Hot 100.[111]
In June 2011, Rihanna embarked on her worldwide concert tour, the Loud Tour, to promote the album.[112][113] It spanned 98 dates, becoming Rihanna's longest ever tour. Additionally, Rihanna broke the record for selling out ten nights at the The O2 Arena in London, the most sold out shows for a female artist ever, breaking the previous eight-night record held by Britney Spears.[114] In October 2011, Rihanna appeared in the Judges' Houses round of the American reality TV program, The X Factor, assisting L.A. Reid as a guest mentor.[115] During that month, Nicki Minaj released the collaboration "Fly" featuring Rihanna from her album Pink Friday which peaked within the top twenty in both the US and UK.[116][117]
Rihanna's sixth album, Talk That Talk, was released on November 21, 2011 in both deluxe and standard editions.[118] The lead single "We Found Love" premiered on September 22, 2011 and was released the same day for digital download in the US.[119] With the ascension of the track to number nine on the Billboard Hot 100, Rihanna became the fastest solo artist in the chart's history to achieve twenty Hot 100 top ten singles, breaking the previous record set by Madonna.[120] The song later became Rihanna's eleventh number one single on the chart.[121] With this, Rihanna became only the seventh artist in the 53-year history of the chart to amass at least eleven number one singles, behind The Beatles (20), Mariah Carey (18), Michael Jackson (13), Madonna (12), The Supremes (12) and tying with Whitney Houston, who also achieved eleven number one singles. Additionally, Rihanna moved into third place, tied with Houston, for the female artist with the most number one singles, behind Carey and Madonna.[122] "We Found Love" ultimately spent ten non consecutive weeks at the top of the Billboard Hot 100, surpassing "Umbrella" as Rihanna's longest number one single, and was 2011's longest-running number one in the country.[123][124] In the UK, the single became Rihanna's second solo single (third overall) to sell over one million copies in the country alone, after "Love The Way You Lie" and "Only Girl (In The World)" (2010).[125] "We Found Love" was a superior global sensation, topping charts in eighteen countries worldwide and peaking in the top ten of charts in thirty countries, breaking a string of records worldwide. It became Rihanna's highest-charting single on the Japan Hot 100 and her best-selling single in New Zealand.[126] The song was covered by many popular artists including the Glee Cast and both Coldplay and Jessie J, in the Radio 1 Live Lounge.[127][128][128] "You Da One" was released as the second single from the album on November 11, 2011;[129] and was a moderate success reaching the top twenty in both the UK and US.[130][131] It was followed by the title track featuring Jay-Z as the third single in early 2012, after asking fans on Twitter.[132] It has currently reached numbers 25 and 31 in the UK, and US, respectively. At the end of 2011, Rihanna was named the highest-selling singles artist of the year in the UK, having overtaken Adele by a sales margin of 6,000 units.[133]
On January 8, 2012, Rihanna was named the best-selling digital artist of all time in the United States, having sold 47,571,000 million singles and albums as of 2011, according to Nielsen SoundScan.[134] In early 2012, two collaborations featuring Rihanna were released; Coldplay's "Princess of China" from the album Mylo Xyloto and Drake's Take Care from his album of the same name.[135][136] Both have currently reached the top twenty of the Billboard Hot 100 at numbers 20 and nine, respectively.[137][138] In February, "All of the Lights" was nominated for Song of the Year, 'Best Rap Song', and 'Best Rap/Sung Collaboration' at the 54th Grammy Awards in 2012, eventually winning the latter two awards, bringing Rihanna's total Grammy awards to six.[139] Later that month, Rihanna won her second BRIT Award for 'Best International Female Artist', following the same win the previous year.[140]
On February 16, 2012, it was speculated that former boyfriend Chris Brown was the featured artist on the full length version of Rihanna's track, "Birthday Cake", from Talk That Talk.[141] These rumours were later confirmed when Rihanna posted the song on her Twitter account on her 24th birthday, February 20, 2012, after over a week of speculation. The reports gained worldwide media controversy, due to Brown and Rihanna's physical altercation three years prior.[141] Critics stated that the remix came as a shock and believed Rihanna would face harsh criticism for setting a bad example to younger girls, whilst others praised the publicity side of the release. In addition to the shocking remix for the Rihanna track, the pair furthermore fueled controversy having recorded another remix together, this time for Brown's single, "Turn Up the Music" which was released moments later.[142] The remix version of "Birthday Cake" has currently reached number 24 on the Billboard Hot 100.[143]
Rihanna appeared as Petty Officer (GM2) Cora Raikes in the Peter Berg-produced film Battleship, which was loosely based on the game of the same name, and was released in May 2012.[144] She chose this project because she wanted "to do something badass" and also because it wasn't a role too big for her to play.[145] In March 2012, Rihanna appeared on The Jonathan Ross Show in the United Kindom, where, when asked if she was having any time off, she stated that she is taking a break from recording new music in 2012 but will feature on some music collaborations and videos. She expressed that she wants to focus more on her film career following the filming of Battleship.[146] In a interview Rihanna said "I started working on the new sound, but I haven't really started recording yet."[147] Later, she said that she officially started working on her seventh album and has settled on a rough sound. She also confirmed plans to launch a new world tour in 2013 and has vowed to make it bigger and "more impactful" than anything she has done before.[148][149]
"Pon de Replay" is Rihanna's debut single. The song encompasses the reggae genre using a mixture of dance-pop and R&B.
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Rihanna possesses a mezzo-soprano vocal range, that spans nearly three octaves. (C#3-B5)[150][151][152] Volume 65 of the Contemporary Black Biography book series notes that "Rihanna is the rare rhythm and blues (R&B) diva to emerge from the Caribbean world."[153] Becoming an international sensation, Rihanna is known for blending R&B with Caribbean music, such as reggae and dancehall.[154] At the time of her debut, reviewers referred to her as a "bubblegum queen"[155] and her music to "teen pop."[156] Larry Meyler of The Sun stated that "Rihanna going bad is very good" and that she had "[shaken] off any 'teen pop' image as she rocked the stage."[156] While performing at the Ottawa Bluesfest, Denis Armstrong of Canadian Online Explorer commented on her performance saying "her show was a Disney-esque choreographed fantasy of non-stop hip-swivelling, sassy attitude and personal endearments and a string of funky, sugar-free hits."[155]
Rihanna was originally marketed as a reggae singer since she burst into the music scene in 2005, with a styles of pop, R&B and dancehall. Her music include various styles of musical genres, including contemporary R&B, dance-pop and the Caribbean music styles of reggae and dancehall.[157] With the release of Music of the Sun and its lead single "Pon de Replay", Jason Birchmeier of Allmusic described Rihanna's musical style as "synthesize Caribbean rhythms and beats with standard-issue urban dance-pop: Caribbean-inflected urban, if you will."[158] Rihanna is described as utilizing "dancehall-lite beats and a reggae vocal cadence."[158] NME describes the singer as a "heady mix of dancehall, reggae and contemporary R&B."[159] Barry Walters of Rolling Stone considers Rihanna's A Girl Like Me to be "lightweight dancehall and R&B jams."[160] After the release of Good Girl Gone Bad, Allmusic's Andy Kellman credits Rihanna to be "as pop as pop gets."[161] Kelefa Sanneh of The New York Times described her hit "Umbrella" as a lightweight pop confection with a heavy hip-hop backbeat, a breezy love song enriched by those unexpectedly goth-sounding keyboards and by the incongruous hint of anguish in Rihanna's girlish voice.[162]
Her debut album featured production from pop veterans Evan Rogers and Carl Sturken who first discovered her. Sturken and Rogers have collaborated with Rihanna many times, including with her debut single "Pon de Replay", which helped launch her career with the tradition of reggae and dance pop and collaborated on her second album. Rihanna then enlisted into the pop and contemporary R&B working with music producer Stargate and singer-songwriter Ne-Yo on "Unfaithful"[47] and sampling the key section, bass line, and drum beat from Soft Cell's 1981 single "Tainted Love" on "SOS".[163] With songs like "Kisses Don't Lie" and "Shut Up and Drive", her music style became more rock-oriented.[34] Unlike Music of the Sun or A Girl Like Me, her third album contained a more dance-pop sound[164] and less of the dancehall, reggae and ballad styles of her previous albums.[165] She has included various styles of music from uptempo pop-reggae with "Pon De Replay", to an 1980s new wave fueled club banger "SOS" to the whiff of gothic horror in a love song "Unfaithful". Most of her love subject ballads contain a mid-tempo pop sound, with an R&B influences that uses of a gently strummed acoustic guitar with the production of Stargate and the songs written by Ne-Yo.[35] Some of her up-tempo dance-pop songs include production from Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers, Christopher "Tricky" Stewart and J. R. Rotem.[166] She has also sampled songs from other artist like Soft Cell's "Tainted Love" on "SOS",[163] New Order's "Blue Monday" on "Shut Up and Drive" and 1970s original song "Soul Makossa" of Manu Dibango with a part of the chorus from Michael Jackson's "Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'" on "Don't Stop the Music".
Rihanna has named Madonna as her idol and biggest influence, and said she wants to be the "black Madonna".[167][168] She said: "I think that Madonna was a great inspiration for me, especially on my earlier work. If I had to examine her evolution through time, I think she reinvented her clothing style and music with success every single time. And at the same time remained a real force in entertainment in the whole world."[167] Rihanna also cites Whitney Houston as a major influence and idol. In an InStyle article, Rihanna said of Houston, "she is a big idol of mine and so influential". Rihanna also sang Houston's version of "For The Love Of You" to clinch her record deal with Jay-Z.[169] Rihanna also cited Mariah Carey as her influence and idol. She said "I looked up to [Mariah] a lot and I still do. I admire her as an artist, and to [compete with her] was a moment I will never forget for the rest of my life.[45][170][171] Of Janet Jackson, Rihanna has commented that "[s]he was one of the first female pop icons that I could relate to ... She was so vibrant, she had so much energy. She still has power. I've seen her on stage, and she can stand there for 20 minutes and have the whole arena scream at her. You have to love Janet."[172] Beyoncé has been named as a major influence,[173][174] citing that she was inspired to start her career after watching Knowles on television as part of a Destiny's Child performance.[175] Her other musical influences include Bob Marley, (for whom she built a shrine in her Los Angeles home)[176] Alicia Keys,[177] Destiny's Child, Celine Dion,[178] Brandy[179] and Gwen Stefani.[180] Her friend and former Island Def Jam record label artist Fefe Dobson was someone that she admired and looked up to, having a fellow artist writing, singing, and performing the music she truly loves.[181][182]
Rihanna's music contains strong influences of Caribbean music which include reggae and dancehall. The video for "Rude Boy" was inspired by her Caribbean roots.[183] In an interview, she stated that while growing up in Barbados she grew up listening to reggae music and when she came to the United States she was exposed to many different types of music.[184] During the Good Girl Gone Bad Tour, she did a cover to "Is This Love" which paid tribute to Marley; she would later do a cover song to Bob Marley & The Wailers' "Redemption Song".[185] Rihanna commented that Marilyn Monroe and vintage clothing served for visual inspiration for the music video "Hate That I Love You" and "Rehab"; in contrast, the "dark, creepy" scenes of "Disturbia" have drawn comparison to Michael Jackson's Thriller.[186][187] The music video ranked number five on the "Top Five Most Paranoid Music Videos" published by MTV Buzzworthy.[188] Jon Bream of the Star Tribune commented "[i]n the tradition of Madonna and Janet Jackson, Rihanna has become the video vixen of the '00s ... Rihanna has perfected the pout, the long-legged strut and trend-setting hairdos that keep women and men alike checking her out on YouTube."[186] George Epaminondas of InStyle considers Rihanna's music videos to be "cinematic" due to her "blend of lush island rhythms and swinging pop and ... mischievous sensuality."[189]
New York magazine described Rihanna's early look as that of a cookie-cutter teen queen while stating that she has the ability to shift looks dramatically and with great ease.[190] This was underscored when in March 2011 American Chronicle writer Arturo Tora termed her "Rihannaissance Woman." Around the time of the release of her second album, many critics felt that Rihanna's sound and musical material were too similar to those of Beyoncé.[191][192][193] Negative reviews appeared, in which her music,[194] music videos, performances[195][196] and her image were compared to those of Beyoncé,[197] which garnered Rihanna much criticism.[198] Some media even claimed that Jay-Z fashioned her to be a replica of Beyoncé.[196][199] During the release of her third album, Good Girl Gone Bad, she adopted a more sexual image. Sonya Magett of Black Voices reported that Rihanna's style has become quite risqué since she burst onto the scene four years ago.[200] After revealing a new image while headlining her first tour, she was likely to be criticized for her tight leather outfit during each show.[201] A review in The Times compared Rihanna's stage wardrobe styling to that of Janet Jackson. He described her outfit as "a vision of Ann Summers couture in thigh-high boots and a few scraps of black PVC."[202] Stuart Derdeyn of The Province commented that "even with the whole haute couture B&D clearly firing on all points, she's still got a ways to go to become the new Janet Jackson."[203]
Rihanna has appeared on Maxim's Hot 100 list five consecutive years, listed in positions eight in 2007,[204] fifteen in 2008,[205] eight in 2009,[206] six in 2010, and twenty-two in 2011.[207] She was also listed on People's 10 Best Dressed Stars of 2008,[208] and ranked seventeenth on Glamour magazine's list of the 50 Most Glamorous Women in 2009.[209] Tracey Lomrantz of Glamour commented, "If style risks could be measured in miles, Rihanna would have criss-crossed the globe a thousand times over already."[210] Rihanna was also declared as Woman of the Year 2009 by Glamour.[211] In June 2007, Gillette named her the Venus Breeze's Celebrity Legs of a Goddess.[212] In October 2011, Esquire declared Rihanna as the Sexiest Woman Alive for 2011.[213] Rihanna has four wax figures of herself at Madame Tussauds Wax Museums in Washington D.C., Vienna, Berlin and London.[214][215][216]
In October 2005, Rihanna struck her first endorsement deal with Secret Body Spray[217] for them to sponsor her first tour, Rihanna's Secret Body Spray Tour[218] In 2006, Rihanna participated in several endorsement deals, including Nike sportswear for the launch of her "SOS"[34] and J. C. Penney. That same year, she received an endorsement deal from Clinique to promote their Happy fragrance.[219] She recorded a song written by Ne-Yo entitled "Just Be Happy" as part of the deal to promote their Happy fragrance. Rihanna also recorded a song called "Winning Women" with Pussycat Doll Nicole Scherzinger for Procter & Gamble's female deodorant Secret. In 2007, Rihanna signed with CoverGirl and became a celebrity spokesperson which included appearances on TV commercials[220][221] and in the Barbados Tourism Authority's tourism commercials.
In December 2008, Rihanna contracted with Gucci to appear in their ads for the Tattoo Heart Collection, a special-edition line.[222][223] In the Gucci handbag ad, Rihanna is seen hanging from a giant hoop, scantily clad in a barely-there white bodysuit and wearing an oversized white Gucci purse.[224] The success of her single, "Umbrella" earned her an endorsement deal with Totes.[225][226] Her handlers pitched her hit "Umbrella" to Totes and the song became the soundtrack for commercials in which she starred.[227] On April 8, 2009, it was announced that Rihanna inked a fragrance deal with Jay-Z's licensing company Iconic Fragrances.[228] The fragrance is named Reb'l Fleur and was released in 2011.[99] Rihanna was working with her artistic director for Rated R, Simon Henwood, on the book Rihanna. It was released on September 14, 2010.[229][230] In August 2010 Rihanna appeared in an Australian television advert for Optus, who sponsored her 2010 'Last Girl on Earth Tour'.[231] In May 2011, Rihanna became a spokeswoman for the German skincare brand Nivea.[232] Her song "California King Bed" was featured as a part of Nivea's "100 Years of Skincare" commercial campaign.[233] Rihanna stated in late 2011 that she was working with Armani to design her own collection of jeans and lingerie for the Italian fashion giant. The range features two styles of jeans, a leather biker jacket, a canvas bag, two T-shirts — one emblazoned with an illustration of herself, the other featuring Rihanna's "R" logo - and a bandana-styled belt. In addition, lace bra and knicker sets will be made available. Rihanna began promotion for her jeans collection by filming a commercial featuring her track, "Skin" taken from her 2010 album, Loud whilst donning Armani's designer underwear and jeans.[234][235] Rihanna released the follow up to her 2011 perfume, "Rebelle" in Spring 2012.[236] On May 25, 2012, Rihanna announced via Instagram that she will release her third fragrence, "Nude" in fall 2012.[237]
Rihanna created her Believe Foundation in 2006 to help terminally ill children.[238][239] Rihanna explained her reasons for starting the foundation saying, "When I was young and I would watch television and I would see all the children suffering, I always said: when I grow up, I want to help."[240] Rihanna is also heavily involved in the marketing of her native country of Barbados.[241] She began by including the flag and broken trident in many of her videos, shooting her album packaging for A Girl Like Me there.[241] In September 2007, she became the official face of tourism for Barbados, being included in many of their ad campaigns. She holds the honorary title of Ambassador for Culture and Youth in Barbados.[242] She additionally was honored by the Prime Minister David Thompson, who presented her with several gifts at a national concert on February 20, 2008, in Barbados, called "Rihanna Day".[243][244] In February 2008, Rihanna thanked and honoured her country during the acceptance speech for her win of "Best Rap/Sung Collaboration" at the Grammy Awards.[245] Although Rihanna is heavily involved in the promotion of her country and works with the government in Barbados to do so, she is often criticized by other Barbadians[246] for everything from her music to her successes and for wearing "skimpy clothes".[247][248] Rihanna, speaking on one incident, said, "I went to the beach and I had on a one-piece swimsuit with jeans [...] They took the picture and they made it look like a top that was really revealing... There were [...] radio programmes about it. It was a big deal for, like, three weeks straight — talking about I'm not setting a good example."[249] Rihanna states she was bullied at school. "Having lighter skin wasn't a problem in my household, but it was when I went to school — which really confused me at first. The harassment continued to my very last day of elementary school."[250]
Rihanna has performed a number of concerts to raise funds for both charities and the Foundation and is a 2008 Cartier Love Charity Bracelet Ambassador. She performed at Madonna's Raising Malawi fundraiser on February 6, 2008, in New York City.[251] After becoming an honorary cultural ambassador for Barbados, Rihanna became involved with DKMS, an international donor network based in Tübingen, Germany, to try to find a donor for Lisa Gershowitz Flynn.[252] The Manhattan attorney had been diagnosed in November with acute myelogenous leukemia.[253] In January 2008, Rihanna contributed in the fight against AIDS when she visited the H&M in New York to support Fashion Against AIDS by presenting her t-shirt design and signing autographs for a limited time with slogans like "Believe" and "Stop and Think."[254] The collection features t-shirts and hoodies designed by Rihanna, Timbaland and other well-known designers, musicians and artists.[255] The line, called Fashion Against AIDS, was launched in February 2008 to raise awareness of the disease among teens and spread awareness about HIV/AIDS.[256] In August 2008, Rihanna and other pop, rock, R&B and country singers such as Carrie Underwood, Ciara, Beyoncé Knowles, Leona Lewis, Mary J. Blige, Mariah Carey, and Fergie recorded the charity single, "Just Stand Up!", the theme song to the anti-cancer campaign Stand Up to Cancer and its theme song.[257] The singers performed the song live on September 5, 2008.[258] Rihanna was also selected as the spokesmodel for Gucci's first United Nations Children's Fund ad campaign.[259] She appeared in the fashion house's Tattoo Heart campaign, which premiered in December 2008.[260] Rihanna was photographed in series of special edition print ads with United Nations Children's Fund items, twenty-five percent of sales will benefit the children's charity.[261]
On November 19, 2008, Rihanna was enlisted by Gucci's Frida Giannini along with Madonna to light the United Nations Children's Fund Christmas snowflake in New York City at the Grand Army Plaza.[262] In 2008, she became the global representative and the face of the 4th annual Gucci Campaign to Benefit United Nations Children's Fund. The campaign aimed to raise funds for children in Africa through the sale of its Tattoo Heart collection of bags, which launched worldwide on November 19, 2008.[263] Rihanna has been a part of many benefit concerts to help raise money for various illnesses, such as cancer for Hope Rocks.[264] Rihanna performed on January 20, 2009, at the Recording Industry Association of America's Presidential Inauguration Charity Ball to raise money for the world largest anti-hunger organization.[265][266][267] On April 2, 2009, Rihanna visited the NYU Medical Center to help look for another bone marrow donor for a young girl named Jasmina Anema.[268][269] Rihanna first learned about Anema's plight in February 2009, when she saw the moving video Anema's best friend, Isabelle Huurman, and her mother, Karen Detrick, made appealing for donors to save Anema.[270] Rihanna honored Anema's best friend, Isabella, for her efforts for trying to save her best friend at a DKMS Gala on May 7, 2009. Jasmina Anema eventually received her transplant on June 11, 2009,[271][272][273] but died on January 27, 2010.[274][dead link] In September 2009, Rihanna performed at Jay-Z's "Answer the Call" concert, which paid tribute to the police officers and firefighters who died on the September 11 attacks.[275] In February 2011, Rihanna was scheduled to perform at a charity concert for the Women's Cancer Research Fund, but was forced to pull out at the last minute, due to bronchitis.[276]
In May 2012, Rihanna performed "Where Have You Been" at the 2012 Robin Hood Benefit in New York, channeling Cleopatra in a gold outfit with snake-inspired accessories. Her dancers also wore elaborate costumes to match the Egyptian theme. The performers donated their time for free, with $57 million raised to fight poverty in New York City.[277]
Year | Title | Role | Notes |
2006 | Bring It On: All or Nothing | Herself | Cameo appearance |
2008 | Good Girl Gone Bad Live | Herself | Concert film |
2012 | Battleship | Petty Officer (GM2) Cora Raikes | Acting debut |
2012 | Katy Perry: Part of Me | Herself | Cameo appearance |
2013 | The Apocalypse[278] | Unknown | Unknown |
Year | Title | Role | Notes |
2005 | Las Vegas | Herself | "The Real McCoy" (season 3: episode 6) |
2006 | My Super Sweet 16 | Herself | "Darnell" (season 3: episode 7) |
2006 | Punk'd | Herself | (season 7: episode 8) |
2009 2010 2012 |
Saturday Night Live | Herself | "Blake Lively/Rihanna" (season 35: episode 8) "Jon Hamm/Rihanna" (season 36: episode 5) "Eli Manning/Rihanna" (season 37: episode 20) |
2011 | Extreme Makeover: Home Edition | Herself | "The Jubilee House/Marshall Family" (season 9: episode 1) |
2011 | The X Factor | Guest Judge | "Judges' Home #1" (season 1, episode 7) "Judges' Home #2" (season 1, episode 8) "Judges' Home #3" (season 1, episode 9) |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rihanna |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Rihanna |
Book: Rihanna | |
Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. |
Persondata | |
Name | Rihanna |
Alternative names | Fenty, Robyn Rihanna |
Short description | Singer, songwriter |
Date of birth | 1988-02-20 |
Place of birth | Saint Michael, Barbados |
Date of death | |
Place of death |


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Eternal Sunshine Creations
Sunflower Crochet Maxi Dress
Started in 2009, Eternal Sunshine Creations is a unique collection of contemporary hand knits, crochet and sweaters blending bohemian California lifestyle with a effortless chic. Eternal Sunshine Creations explores these dichotomies through vintage-inspired, hand-knit pieces with a modern sensibility. A world traveler raised and educated in Tokyo, designer Naomi K. Sills launched Eternal Sunshine Creations after years spent working for a Japanese fashion retailer and finally settling down in Southern California. The breezy, forever-sunny SoCal lifestyle acts as her muse in this line of beautifully crocheted modern knitwear brimming with contrasts.
- 95% rayon 5% spandex
- Shoulder seam to hem measures approx 60" in length
- Lined
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- All-over crochet detail
- Scalloped hemline
- Styled with Marc by Marc Jacobs Classic Sandal Wedge in Rose Gold.
- Styled with Jacquie Aiche "Me" Ring in Gold.
- Styled with House of Harlow Faceted Metal Cross Ring in Rose Gold.
- Styled with House of Harlow Stone Top Skull Cocktail Ring in Gold.
- Modeled in size XS/S. See fit guide for model's dimensions.
- Revolve Style No. ESUN-WD29
- Manufacturer Style No. SFL13-2


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Sweet Melody Confetti
Style: 21099197
A page's worth of notes, perfect for dividing into palm-sized pouches for guests or sprinkling generously across tables and the like. Biodegradable Lokta paper. Nepal.
- Each piece: 0.5" diameter
- 1oz
- Exclusive to BHLDN
Contact a BHLDN Stylist for style advice, reassurance, second opinions


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- 22 Resorts
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- Home to Vail, Beaver Creek, Copper Mountain
Related Regions: New York, North America, United States
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Some reminders:
Silent Saturday will not be held this year. HOWEVER, always work to limit the coaching you do on Saturday. If players are looking at you and not the ball – you're saying too much! (It's also ok to remind Mom's and Dad's of the same…) Also – give any referee you see at the fields a HUGE thank-you.
Volunteer Appreciation – Sunday, May 1, 4:00 – 7:00 pm. Please bring your family and join us for a free event:
Early evening of roller-skating and the Jungle Gym will also be available.
Galaxy Skateland in Martinsburg, WV http://www.galaxyskateland.net/index.html
Contact Kim Fortney with any questions.
Pancake Dinner – NEW DATE: June 4, 4:00 – 7:00pm,
Ticket sales at the field this weekend. All funds raised go towards new fields.
WOULDN'T PANCAKES FOR DINNER MAKE A GREAT END OF YEAR PARTY?????? (Just a thought!!)
Lynn Kubik
Regional Coach Administrator
JCYSL – AYSO Region 322


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Where the electricity comes from to power the next generation of ground vehicles is also vitally important. Electric cars charging up using coal power will deliver little or no benefit to the climate. The best solution will be a dramatically upscaled combination of renewables and nuclear. Of course, the land-use implications of different energy options remain an issue – and here nuclear wins hands down. The reason why is basic: renewables work by harvesting diffuse energy like sunlight and wind over large areas, whilst nuclear fission delivers prodigious amounts of energy from tiny amounts of source material. Compared weight-by-weight, uranium 235 delivers a million times more energy than coal, which itself already represents chemical energy in a highly concentrated form. Just how much energy nuclear fission releases is described by Einstein's famous equation E=MC2, where E is energy, M is mass and C the speed of light, about 300 million metres per second. Clearly even with a very small amount of fissionable material, multiplying it by the square of 300 million yields a very big number.
My argument is not in favour of nuclear and against renewables, however – both zero-carbon energy options, and various others, are essential to tackling climate change. Renewables can often be deployed in ways that minimise land-use and biodiversity impacts. Where building-mounted solar photovoltaics are cost-effective, no additional land – and therefore wildlife habitat – is used at all. Even the energy-hungry US could in theory supply all of its electricity use, according to one study, using solar PV on an area equivalent to 0.6 per cent of the country – just a fraction of the existing developed and urban space.
Rural depopulation and urbanisation in developing countries are often decried by those who are concerned about the relentless expansion of megacities, which seem terribly unsustainable because of their noise, sprawling slums, congestion and pollution. But from the perspective of sustainable land use and habitat protection, the more that growing numbers of people can be persuaded to herd themselves into relatively small areas of urban land, the better for the environment.
In many parts of the world, if you want to marry the person you choose, be gay, be female and economically successful, or avoid daily backbreaking labour carrying water or fetching firewood, then you probably need to move to the city. In 1975 there were just three megacities of over 10 million people. Today there are 21. It sounds scary, but this unstoppable shift towards urbanisation actually ranks as one of the most environmentally beneficial trends of the last few decades. As the UN Population Fund wrote in a recent report: 'Density is potentially useful. With world population at 6.7 billion people in 2007 and growing at over 75 million a year, demographic concentration gives sustainability a better chance. The protection of rural ecosystems ultimately requires that population be concentrated (pdf) in non-primary sector activities and densely populated areas.
City living is seldom lauded by environmentalists, but it may be our most environmentally friendly trait as a species, because urban dwelling is vastly more efficient than living in the countryside. Shops and other services are more concentrated in town and city neighbourhoods, and urban residents are much more likely to use public transport, share heating and housing, and have lower carbon footprints than their rural brethren. Given the scale of global population growth, the challenge still seems daunting: the world will need to accommodate 2 billion more urban dwellers (pdf) by 2030, a rate of expansion equivalent to building about 13 great cities (each with over 5 million inhabitants) per year, almost all in developing countries.


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Hospitals upend old rules in favor of breastfeeding
By Robin Erb McClatchy-Tribune News Service
The Paducah Sun
Sep 07, 2011
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DETROIT — Voletta Bonner knew the benefits of breast-feeding long before baby Riley came along.
But after a rocky start for mom — an emergency C-section and a fever — nurses at St. John Hospital and Medical Center in Detroit persuaded her not to give up on the sometimes-difficult process of breast-feeding a newborn.
"I was nervous. I wanted to make sure everything was OK," said Bonner, a 29-year-old high school teacher from Highland Park, Mich.
Too few hospitals are doing enough, according to a report by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Just one in 20, in fact, fully supports breast-feeding parents, it says.
And the research is clear: Mom's milk best fortifies babies in a world filled with disease.
With every month of breast milk, a baby's odds of becoming overweight drop 4 percent, according to one study. Plummeting, too, are chances of infections, respiratory problems, diabetes and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), as well as a mother's odds of getting breast and ovarian cancer.
"It's the first, best preventive medicine," said Dr. Paula Schreck, a pediatrician at St. John.
That growing body of research also is challenging long-held routines at U.S. hospitals, said Liz Westwater, a program manager at the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, a program created by the World Health Organization and UNICEF. The program assesses hospitals' commitments to mothers who want to breast-feed through a rigorous checklist.
The hospitals can't give formula to breast-feeding babies unless medically necessary. They don't offer pacifiers to breast-feeding babies. Nor can they accept free baby formula from companies, a popular practice now considered an impediment to creating a strong breast-feeding bond between mother and child.
Those items are available, but mothers have to ask, said Missy Knudsen, nurse coordinator and lactation consultant leading the effort at Beaumont Health Systems, which delivered 9,082 babies last year.
"We explored: 'Is this ethically appropriate to accept free formula and distribute to breast-feeding moms?' We decided ... it's not."
Beaumont, in fact, is among the most progressive of Michigan hospitals when it comes to promoting breast-feeding.
Officials with Baby Friendly USA are scheduled to tour the Beaumont facilities in September and October. If its three hospitals — in Royal Oak, Troy and Grosse Pointe — pass inspection, Beaumont will join fewer than 5 percent of hospitals nationally to have the designation, Westwater said.
St. John also has begun the process toward the designation. The system is using a $1.2-million grant from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation to hire more staff to establish outpatient services and coordinate support groups focused on supporting nursing mothers.
The grant will help cover expenses as St. John begins buying formula, and it will help pay for training for nurses, lactation consultants and administrative staff.
The designation means upending long-held routines such as separating baby and mom just after birth to take measurements and apply medicines, said Schreck, the St. John pediatrician leading the effort.
Those first moments of life are when a baby is most awake and eager to explore and nurse, Schreck said. "We're trying to delay practices that could be stressful ... to after (the first) feeding."
Those who have been fighting for years for better support for mothers say research has helped them turn a corner in the past few years.
The U.S. Surgeon General made breast-feeding a priority earlier this year. IRS rules and federal laws changed to support breast-feeding mothers. And the CDC now closely tracks breast-feeding rates and health care practices that encourage breast-feeding.
In Michigan last year, billboards began proclaiming the benefits to mom: Sharing calories with baby will help her return to her pre-baby body.
"I feel like we've been pushing this rock up the hill forever ... but now we're finally getting to the top," said Julie Lothamer, who leads the Michigan Department of Community Health's efforts to get more mothers to nurse.
But a "change in culture" hasn't been easy, said Diana Derige, a program officer at Kellogg.
"You hear it often: 'Let the mother get some rest,'" she said. "But what about the time to learn about her newborn when they have the support around them versus handing the baby to Mom as she leaves the hospital and saying 'Good luck'?"
It isn't cheap, either. Hospitals must commit to hiring lactation consultants and retraining staff.
"Hospitals look at it, but the struggle is finding the money for staff education to bring staff up to a skill level," said Alice Christensen, a longtime nurse and lactation consultant at St. Mary's Health Care in Grand Rapids, Mich.
Plus, hospitals are reluctant to tackle visiting hours, a hallmark of customer service, even though a line of excited guests in the room of exhausted parents interferes with the time needed to breast-feed.
"It's an exciting time, and (loved ones) would like to share that," Christensen said. But "keeping visitors at bay until mom and baby can have that skin-to-skin contact ... can be a challenge."
In addition to the cost and challenges to existing routines, hospitals also must be careful that in their zeal to promote breast-feeding, they're not bullying those who choose formula, said Knudsen, the nurse coordinator and lactation consultant leading Beaumont's effort.
About 15 percent of new mothers at Beaumont opt for a bottle for a number of reasons — job and time constraints, a feeling of awkwardness, or even a medical condition, she said. "There's a big difference between support and coercion."
Copyright 2013 The Paducah Sun. All rights reserved.
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EarthQuaker Devices Crimson Drive
The EarthQuaker Devices Crimson Drive is an all-analog, dynamic overdrive that uses a germanium transistor and vintage germanium diodes. The Crimson Drive delivers textured treble boost or an abundance of visceral plexi grit.$165.00 -
Earthquaker Devices Disaster Transport Jr
The Earthquaker Devices Transport Jr is an analog voiced delay that gives you 625 ms of delay time, an all analog dry signal path, and an emulation of tape echo for you vintage enthusiasts. The Transport Jr is a brilliant delay pedal that brings the real vintage echo tones - th... read more
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The Earthquaker Devices Ghost Echo Reverb is a completely unique pedal that responds to your pick attack. The Earthquaker Devices Ghost Echo Reverb can go from massive reverb to subtle slapback.$165.00 -
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The Earthquaker Devices Hoof Fuzz is absolutely pure and simple - in a most excellent way. This does everything from dirty and organic overdrive to absolutely monstrous sustaining big muff madness. This is a germanium/silicon hybrid which is based on the classic green Russian mu... read more


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The administrative stay for hydrogen sulfide under EPCRA §313 was lifted in November 2011. Therefore, facilities will be required to submit TRI reports for Reporting Year 2012 by July 1, 2013.
The reporting requirements for hydrogen sulfide have not changed from those that have been in place since it was originally listed in 1993. Therefore, facilities should consider the following information in determining applicability:
Hydrogen sulfide is not a persistent bioaccumulative toxic (PBT chemical. Therefore, it is subject to the standard activity thresholds of 25,000 pounds for manufacturing and processing and 10,000 pounds for otherwise use.
Hydrogen sulfide is listed without a chemical qualifier; therefore, it is subject to reporting in all forms in which it is manufactured, processed, or otherwise used.
For purposes of the de minimis exemption, the 1.0% level applies to hydrogen sulfide because it does not meet the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's definition of a carcinogen. Therefore, hydrogen sulfide is exempt in a mixture at a concentration lower than 1.0%.
Additional information about the reporting of hydrogen sulfide and the lifting of the administrative stay is available on the U.S. EPA website.


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Interaction Management SolutionsEnghouse Interactive delivers technology and expertise to maximize the value of every customer interaction. The company develops the world's most comprehensive portfolio of interaction management solutions, spanning unified communications, contact center and self-service. Core technologies include contact center, attendant console, IVR, and call recording solutions that support any telephony environment, on premise or in the cloud. Enghouse Interactive has thousands of customers worldwide, supported by a global network of partners and more than 600 dedicated staff across the company's 16 international operations. |
NewsEnghouse Systems Acquires Information Access Technology, Inc., Expanding Contact Center Solutions - November 4, 2013 Safeharbor Partners with eMerchantClub as a Reseller of Safeharbor's SmartSupport Knowledge Base Software - October 7, 2013 Enghouse Systems Acquires Safeharbor Knowledge - September 9, 2013 |
Customer Success StoriesAS Roma, one of Italian football's most successful clubs, chose a cloud-based Contact Center solution from Enghouse Interactive to unite all customer contact functions and personnel on a single unified multi-channel communications platform. The system has helped the club build stronger knowledge and rapport with its supporters. |
© 2013 Enghouse Interactive. All Rights Reserved.


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The Jacksons: An American Dream
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A two-part made for TV effort, this special depicts the dysfunctional Jackson family, which has somehow managed to raise its children in such a way that they have managed to rise above their steel town backgrounds to the tops of the charts in the music field. Though obviously not delving into the more controversial and sensational aspects of their lives, this story is a somewhat rose-colored but still interesting pictorial history of the exceptional musical family. If nothing else, worth watching for the incredible music and choreography. ~ Tana Hobart, Rovi
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21 Jump Street: Season 05
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Canceled by the Fox network at the end of its fourth season, 21 Jump Street returns for an additional season's worth of episodes in off-network syndication. While the basic premise of the series remains the same -- a group of youthful-looking LAPD undercover cops posing as teenagers in order to bust grown-up criminals -- there have been some significant changes in the property during its transition from Fox to syndication. Former co-stars Johnny Depp and Dustin Nguyen have left the series, to be replaced by Michael Benedetti as Officer Tony "Mac" McCann and, briefly, David Barry Gray as Officer Dean Garrett. Also joining the Jump Street squad is former recurring character Joey Penhall (Michael DeLuise), estranged brother of Officer Doug Penhall (played, of course, by Peter DeLuise's real-life brother). Doug himself would undergo a near-death experience after being shot by a perp in the episode "Number One With a Bullet," and upon recovery he would leave the department and take over management of a bowling alley, not so much for his own well-being as for the sake of his orphaned nephew, Clavo (Tony Dakota). By the time the fifth and final season has come to an end, the only regular character remaining from the series' earliest episodes is Officer Judy Hoffs (Holly Robinson). Its budget pared down during the series' valedictory season, 21 Jump Street could no longer afford big names (or even moderately big names) as guest stars. However, star-in-the-making Jada Pinkett can be seen in a flashy role in the series' penultimate episode, "Homegirls." ~ Rovi
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21 Jump Street: Season 04
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Jailed on a trumped-up charge near the end of season three, LAPD undercover officer Tom Hanson (Johnny Depp) is released from prison as 21 Jump Street enters its fourth season. The release has been engineered by Tom's partner, Officer Dennis Booker (Richard Grieco), who then resigns from the force (the better for actor Grieco to launch his own spin-off starring series, Booker). Back at 21 Jump Street headquarters, Tom resumes his duties as a member of a team of youthful cops who pose as teenagers in order to root out and bring down adult criminals. As in previous seasons, season four offers an interesting array of guest performers, among them future stars Robyn Lively and Shannen Doherty, hearing-impaired standup comedien Geri Jewell, and basketball legend Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. One episode, "Old Haunts in a New Age," affords the viewer a rare opportunity to see actress Pamela Segall, who is otherwise best known for her cartoon voice-over work on such animated series as King of the Hill (in which she essays the male role of Bobby Hill!). Although 21 Jump Street would be canceled by the Fox network at the end of its fourth season, the series lived on for an additional year in off-network syndication. ~ Rovi
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21 Jump Street: Season 03
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Johnny Depp and the rest of the familiar cast of regulars report for duty as 21 Jump Street enters its third season. As before, Depp plays Officer Tom Hanson, one of a team of youthful LAPD undercover cops who pose as teenagers in order to bust adult wrongdoers. Newcomers to the series include Yvette Nipar as Tom's girlfriend, Jackie Garrett, who works in the DA's office; and Dennis Booker as Tom's new partner, Officer Dennis Booker (not surprisingly, Tom and Dennis don't get along at first, especially since Tom suspects Dennis -- wrongly, as it turns out -- of being a serial rapist). Other recurring characters during season three include Clavo (Tony Dakota), the orphaned nephew of Tom's co-worker Doug Penhall (Peter DeLuise); Doug's live-in girlfriend, Dorothy (Gina Nemo), who dumps him mid-season; and Blowfish (Sal Jenco), Jump Street's clumsy maintenance worker. Guest stars this season include Dom DeLuise, father of series regular Peter DeLuise; Mario Van Peebles, cast as an aspiring dancer; and Bridget Fonda, playing a homeless teen. Season three of 21 Jump Street concludes with the two-parter "Loc'd Out," in which an outraged Tom Hanson seeks personal vengeance against the punks who seriously wounded his fellow officer Ioki (Dustin Nguyen). ~ Rovi
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21 Jump Street: Season 02
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Season two of 21 Jump Street finds a team of youthful LAPD officers continuing to weed out adult criminals by posing as high-school teenagers -- a sort of Mod Squad for the 1980s. Back in harness are Johnny Depp as Officer Tom Hanson, Peter DeLuise as Officer Doug Penhall (less chubby and comical and more "buff" and action-prone than in the series' maiden season), Holly Robinson as Officer Judy Hoffs, and Dustin Nguyen as Officer Harry Truman Ioki. And as before, the team takes its orders from no-nonsense police captain Adam Fuller (Steven Williams). This year's crop of guest stars is an impressive one, including Lynne Moody, Marcia Rodd, former Adam-12 leading man Kent McCord (as Tom Hanson's father), and a young Brad Pitt, cast as a popular high schooler who inexplicably commits suicide. Among the season's top episodes are the two-part "Besieged," in which the team swoops down upon a deadly crack ring and also attempts to expose a rogue cop, and "Christmas in Saigon," in which viewers learns the real name of Vietnam refugee H.T. Ioki. Season two ends on a semi-cliffhanger, as the LAPD higher-ups consider the possibility of disbanding the Jump Street team. ~ Rovi
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21 Jump Street: Season 01
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The first action-adventure series from the Fox network, 21 Jump Street inaugurates its first season with the series' two-hour pilot episode, in which young police officer Tom Hanson (Jeff Yagher) joins a special undercover unit of the LAPD. Named for its headquarters, an abandoned chapel, the Jump Street unit is comprised of youthful cops who can pose as teenagers, making it easier for them to bust criminals and drug dealers who prey upon high-school kids. After the initial pilot, Jeff Yagher was replaced, and the role of Tom Hanson went to Johnny Depp, an assignment that would make him a star. Hanson's fellow officers during season one include Doug Penhall (Peter DeLuise), who in the earlier episodes projects a more roly-poly, comic image than he would in future years; Vietnamese refugee Harry Truman Ioki (Dustin Nguyen); and African-American Judy Hoffs (Holly Robinson). For the first six episodes, the team takes its orders from Captain Richard Jenko (Frederic Forrest), an ex-hippie who is more or less simpatico with their youthful zeal and tendency to bend the rules. But when Jenko is killed by a drunk driver, he is replaced by a more traditional, by-the-book leader, Captain Adam Fuller (Steven Williams). The series' first batch of 13 hour-long episode features a number of soon-to-be stars in guest roles, among them Josh Brolin, David Paymer, and Jason Priestley. 21 Jump Street managed to hold its own against the formidable competition of CBS' 60 Minutes during the series' maiden season, rapidly establishing Fox as the favorite network of teens and young adults. ~ Rovi
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21 Jump Street
Premiering April 12, 1987, 21 Jump Street was the Fox Network's first attempt at an action-adventure series. Essentially an updated Mod Squad, the series concerned the exploits of a group of young-looking cops, working undercover as high school students. In the 2-hour opening episode, officer Tom Hanson expresses discomfort at having to be a teenager again; evidently his earlier life was none too pleasant. Jeff Yagher played Hanson in the premiere; he was replaced in all subsequent episodes by star-in-the-making Johnny Depp. Other regulars include Holly Robinson as Judy Hoff, Dustin Nguyen as Ioki, and Peter DeLuise (Dom's son) as Penhall. Frederic Forrest is also on hand as the obligatory authority figure-himself an unreconstructed flower child. 21 Jump Street remained a Fox network fixture until September 17, 1990; an addition season's worth of episodes were filmed in Vancouver for first-run syndication. Trivia note: the series' original title was Jump Street Chapel, but this was changed lest viewers mistaken the program for a religious weekly. ~ Hal Erickson, Rovi
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Based on a true story, Dummy stars LeVar Burton as Donald Lang, a deaf-mute teenager accused of killing a prostitute. Paul Sorvino co-stars as Lowell Myers, the hearing-impaired public defender who takes Burton's case. The court, deciding that Lang is incompetent to stand trial, orders the boy to be shunted away to a mental institution. Doggedly following the evidence trail, Myers argues for "due process" in the treatment of his client. While the film's ending is upbeat, real life does not always turn out so well, as the ironic closing title (which details what has happened to Burton's character since this case was resolved) demonstrates. Initially telecast May 27, 1979, Dummy was adapted by Ernest Tidyman from his own book. ~ Hal Erickson, Rovi
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Howard the Duck
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In this sci-fi comedy from executive producer George Lucas, Howard the Duck is an extra-terrestrial fowl who is accidentally beamed to earth by physicist Dr. Jenning (Jeffrey Jones) and his assistant Phil (Tim Robbins). The two go looking for Howard and find him in the home of Beverly Switzer (Lea Thompson), who was rescued by the interstellar duck from some mean-looking thugs. Beverly and Phil are friends, and when the government finds out about Howard, she helps Phil and Dr. Jenning hide him from the authorities until they can zap him back home. In the meantime, several wild chases and spectacular special effects keep the picture rolling along. ~ Eleanor Mannikka, Rovi
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MILWAUKEE (AP) -- Home sales continue to recover in Wisconsin.
Data from the Wisconsin Realtors Association shows sales of existing homes increased about 17 percent in July, compared to the year before.
The median price of a home posted its fifth straight monthly increase.
Association president Rob Keefe says Wisconsin home sales have been outpacing the nation. Six-thousand-23 homes were sold in July with the help of a real estate agent, compared with 5,133 in July of last year.
The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel says the median prices of homes sold increased about 2 percent from $140,000 a year ago to $143,000.
Wisconsin Gas Prices provided by GasBuddy.com |


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SOURCE Ryan & Maniskas, LLP
WAYNE, Pa., Sept. 27, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Ryan & Maniskas, LLP announces that it is investigating potential claims against Dish Network Corp. ("Dish" or the "Company") (NASDAQ: DISH).
(Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20121112/MM11729LOGO )
If you own shares of Dish and would like to learn more about these claims or if you wish to discuss these matters and have any questions concerning this announcement or your rights, contact Richard A. Maniskas, Esquire toll-free at (877) 316-3218 or to sign up online, visit: www.rmclasslaw.com/cases/dish. You may also email Mr. Maniskas at firstname.lastname@example.com.
The investigation concerns the Company's handling of a bid for LightSquared Inc. According to recent articles, this deal will deliver hundreds of millions of dollars of personal profits to Dish Chairman Charlie Ergen. A Dish director resigned in recent weeks amid a disagreement over the Company's handling of a bid for LightSquared Inc. because of a potential conflict of interest on Mr. Ergen's part.
For more information regarding this, please contact Ryan & Maniskas, LLP (Richard A. Maniskas, Esquire) toll-free at (877) 316-3218 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com or visit: www.rmclasslaw.com/cases/dish. For more information about class action cases in general or to learn more about Ryan & Maniskas, LLP, please visit our website: www.rmclasslaw.com.
Ryan & Maniskas, LLP is a national shareholder litigation firm. Ryan & Maniskas, LLP is devoted to protecting the interests of individual and institutional investors in shareholder actions in state and federal courts nationwide.
Ryan & Maniskas, LLP |
Richard A. Maniskas, Esquire | |
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Wayne, PA 19087 | |
484-588-5516 | |
877-316-3218 | |
©2012 PR Newswire. All Rights Reserved.


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From the north – Travel the Kennedy Expressway (I-90) to the exit for Austin Boulevard. Exit, turn left at the top of the ramp, and continue to the stop sign at Austin Boulevard. Turn right onto Austin Boulevard and proceed approximately 4 miles to Diversey Street. Turn left onto Diversey Street and travel to Central Avenue. Turn right onto Central Avenue and continue 2 blocks to the funeral home, located on the right (west) side of the street. Or Exit the Edens Expressway (I-94) at Cicero Avenue. Proceed south on Cicero Avenue to Diversey Street. Turn right (west) on Diversey Street and proceed to Central Avenue. Turn left (south); the funeral home is straight ahead on the right (west) side of the street.
From the east or west – Proceed on Fullerton Avenue to Central Avenue. Turn north; the funeral home is straight ahead on the left (west) side of the street.
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2 hrs ago | AlertNet
'Women were beaten in the queues' - Kenyan politician speaks about 2013 elections
Masai women wait to cast ballot papers in a polling station during the presidential and parliamentary elections near the town of Magadi some 85 km south of Nairobi March 4, 2013.
Are you smart enough to be a US Marine?
Are you smarter than a 7th grade civics student?
6 hrs ago | AllAfrica.com
Nigeria: Boko Haram's Evolving Terror
They had held her captive for three months in Borno state's Gwoza Hills, an extension of the Mandara Mountains in north-east Nigeria that borders Cameroon's far north.
Malaysia ruling party tightens embrace of Islam to gain support
Malaysia's ruling party, stung by an election setback in May, is burnishing its Islamic credentials, aiming to gain ground among majority ethnic Malay voters in a move that could heighten concern over growing religious intolerance in the multi-racial Southeast Asian country.
Institute for War and Peace Reporting
Hard Labour for Uzbekistan's Religious Dissidents
People arrested for "religious crimes" in Uzbekistan are commonly forced to carry out manual work as part of their punishment.
Into the Fray: Empowering Islam: 'Taqiyya' in the White House?
Anyone struggling to make sense out of all this seemingly inexplicable confusion: Think taqiyya-and the pieces will all fall into place.
Sultanate's openness and tolerance lauded in Ljubljana
The Sultanate's touring exhibition will provide an insight into Islam's role in the modern Arab society.- Supplied photo Muscat: An exhibition titled 'Religious Tolerance: Islam in the Sultanate of Oman', sponsored by the Islamic Culture Centre, opened on Tuesday at the Ljubljana Town Hall in Slovenia.
Live updates from Lee Rigby murder trial as Michael Adebolajo and Michael Adebowale appear in court
"We exited the vehicle and I am not sure how I struck the first blow. The most humane way to kill any creature is to cut the jugular, this is what I believe, this is how we kill our animals in Islam.
Redbridge Muslim organisation gear up for winter appeal
A campaign to collect clothes and food for rough sleepers has been launched to help anyone who finds themselves in need this winter.
Jewish and Muslim heads take Polish schechita ban to EU
Two leaders from Judaism and Islam have joined up to fight Poland's ban on ritual slaughter and have now taken their case to the European Union.
Photo by Mark Mahaney/ReduxYoung, American, Forced to WedThe activist ...
Somali-Dutch writer, politician and feminist activist Ayaan Hirsi Ali photographed in New York City.
Can You Talk About "True Islam"?
There is a section of Evangelii Gaudium that I'm not clear I agree with, but it's not the economic sections.
A visiting Saudi cleric issued a fatwa, from the Green Lane mosque in Birmingham, that supported his enemies in the congregation: not only did it explain that anyone who denied creationism was an apostate, who could be killed, but that his support for women going bareheaded if they wished, and for a secular form of government, were also sufficient ... (more)
Britain will classify 'Islamist extremism' as 'distinct...
These devout ...uh "extremist" Muslims are quoting quran, hadith, and sira, chapter and verse.
Libyan assembly votes to follow Islamic law
Libya's national assembly voted on Wednesday to make sharia, Islamic law, the basis of all legislation and for state institutions in a decision that may impact banking, criminal and financial laws.
Parsifal as pure religion itself - Islam
'There is, I believe, an important link between early Christianity and Sufism. When I read of the Desert Fathers and when I meet Sufis they seem to occupy much of the same position.
WaPo sees Jewish threat to Temple Mount
There's something grotesquely incongruous about a Dec. 3 front-page article in the Washington Post that goes to great lengths to warn that Jews seeking to pray on Jerusalem's Temple Mount might unleash a third intifada (" At Temple Mount, dreams of prayer raise fears of violence -- Muslims raise alarms as Jews seek right to pray at disputed site ... (more)
Keighley mosque in first ever open day
Lord Mayor of Bradford, Councillor Khadim Hussain, left, joins visitors and members at the Markazi Jamia mosque during the open day Keighley's biggest mosque hosted an inaugural open day in an attempt to break down barriers between Muslims and the wider community.
Central Mosque of Charleston invites public to learn more about Islam
The Charleston area isn't known for its large Muslim population, but the Islamic community here is growing, and reaching out to neighbors of all faiths.
The At-Turaif District in ad-Dir'iyah was the first capital of the Saudi Dynasty, in the heart of the Arabian Peninsula, north-west of Riyadh.
It's only rock 'n' roll, but this Islamic leader likes it
Turkish imam and rock musician Ahmet Muhsin Tuzer gives the call to prayer on Feb. 11, 2013, in Kas.


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Catholic Schools Are Not Free to Bully Gays
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Catholic Schools Bill 13,
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Canada Politics News
The Ontario legislature recently passed its controversial anti-bullying law. The law, among many other things, forces Ontario's Catholic shools to allow Gay Straight Alliances (GSAs) and allow them to be called GSAs. Response from religious conservatives was swift: They claimed that the bill infringes on religious freedom and the rights of parents to raise their children. The reality is that Catholic schools created an unsafe and unwelcoming environment for gay students.


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Mill Lane House B&B is ideally located in the town of Naas, County Kildare which is near to Punchestown (2km), The Curragh, Mondello and the K Club making it the ideal location if you are attending a wedding in Killashee House Hotel or the Osprey Hotel. Whether you are playing a round of golf, spending the day with family or planning a day shopping in Naas which is well known for its boutique shopping, Mill Lane House B&B is an ideal place to stay in Naas, Co. Kildare.
Rooms are Non Smoking and Ensuite with Tea/Coffee making facilities, Free WiFi, Cable TV and Ample Parking. Family rooms available. 2 KM from Punchestown Racecourse. Free WiFi. Free Parking. We also have self catering apartments for long term letting. Only 35 mins from Dublin Airport.
Book your B&B Accommodation in Naas Now! Tel +353 (0)45 897257 or +353 (86) 8895572 or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com


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OK! Here's the second element from Agility Right from the Start that we want to train for helping the dog enjoy doing the teeter. It's liking noise to the point of wanting to create it themselves.
I can hear your next question! But if I train this won't my dog be making noise all the time??!?? I sure don't want that!
That's the beauty of clicker training. The dog learns very quickly and early that doing things out of context doesn't pay. When you're shaping something the dog will throw all sorts of behaviors that have worked in the past until they discover the one that is paying in this case. Then that's the one they offer. So if they make noise around the house outside of a training session and you don't acknowledge it, then they stop doing it. It didn't pay. A word of caution though. Looking at the dog or telling the dog to be quiet is acknowledging the behavior. Just totally ignore it.
In this video I'm showing the very first step which is classically conditioned. I make a noise and follow it immediately with food. The dog doesn't have to do anything to earn the treat. You'll see this noise is not a all scary for Kara and after the first couple she just sits and waits for the treat. This is good. You don't want to scare your dog, you want her to like this.
Towards the end of the video I delay the next noise so Kara can make a strong connection between the treat and the noise. I'm also making the noise close to her and in a variety of ways. This is just the first step. In the next video we move on to her making me make the noise.


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Corporate Social Responsibility: Part I is one of the great eBooks available to download from our website. There are more than 500 Textbooks, Business Books & Travel Guides in our book collection.
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