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WEDNESDAY, February 13, 1867.The House met at 9 o'clock A. M.
Mr. BIRD moved ineffectually that the reading of the journal of yesterday be dispensed with.
The reading proceeded - till,
On motion of Mr. VAN VALKENBURG, the further reading was dispensed with.
The SPEAKER laid before the House the petition of John F. Carr and others, of Jackson county, asking for a registry law. Also the petition of sundry citizens of Ripley county, for indemnification for losses by the Morgan raid.
Mr. PRATHER presented the petition of sundry citizens of Jennings county in the same matter. Which petitions were referred to the Committee on Claims.
Messrs. HOSTETTER and CHAMBERS presented petitions on the subject of temperance, which were referred to the Committee on Temperance.
Mr. McFADIN presented the memorial of Mr. Strader for the destruction of foxes, by premium for scalps, which was referred to the Committee on Rights and Privileges.
Mr. ROSS, from the Committee on the Judiciary, returned Mr. Woods'justices jurisdiction bill, [H. R. 231,] with an amendment (striking out the emergency), recommending its passage.
Mr. DAGGY, from the Judiciary Committee, returned the license amendment bill of the House, recommending that it lie on the table. The report was concurred in.
He also returned Mr. Peelle's felony amendment act bill, [H. R. 259,] recommending its passage.
Mr. MONTGOMERY, from the Committee on the Organization of Courts of Justice, returned Mr. Woods' actions limitation bill, [H. R. 217,] recommending its passage.
Mr. BIRD, from the Committee on Rights and Privileges, returned the fish protection bill, [S. 30,] recommending its passage.
Mr. SCAMMAHORN, from the Committee on Rights and Privileges, returned Mr. Bird's fox and wild-cat bill, [H. R. 208,j page: 220[View Page 220] with amendments, recommending its passage.
Mr. GEISENDORF, from the Committe on Manufactures and Commerce, returned Mr. Moore's coal oil inspection bill, [H. R. 240,] recommending its passage.
Mr. CHAMBERS, from the Committee on Corporations, returned Mr. Higgins' bill [H. R. 255] to amend the City Corporation act, recommending its passage.
Mr. BRUCKER, from same Committee returned Mr. Hopkins' electric telegraph bill [H. R. 121] recommending its passage.
Mr. GEISENDORF, from the Joint Select Committee on Public Buildings, returned the bill [H. R. 158] recommending that it be indefinitely postponed; said Committee also recommended the renting of the Gallup Building, corner of Tennessee and Market streets, for the accommodation of the Supreme Court and State offices, with a resolution authorizing the State Auditor to lease said building at $4,000 a year, &c.
On motion of Mr. ROSS, it was laid on the table for the present.
Mr. CAMPBELL, from the Committee on Public Expenditures, returned Mr. Kizer's resolution of the House as to the expenses of the administration of ex-Governor Oliver P. Morton, and submitted a lengthy report in writing.
Mr. CRAIN moved that it be laid on the table and printed.
Mr. MILLER thought it was too late to make an order to print.
Mr. KIZER opposed the motion to print. It was sufficiently satisfactory to him. It was enough for him to have brought out the investigation. It had cost enough already, without adding the expense of printing.
Mr. PRATHER supported the motion. The resolution which called out the report came from one of the leaders of his party. It was presumable that there was cause for the resolution; and since it appears that Governor Morton has discharged his duty faithfully, the House and the country ought to see his justification.
Mr. McFADIN said it was right and proper and due to all sides that the report be printed.
Mr. CRAIN. Since the mover of the resolution has expressed satisfaction as to the matter, he would withdraw his motion to print.
Mr. STACKHOUSE was gratified with the withdrawal of the motion to print.
Mr. VAN VALKENBURGH renewed the motion to print 200 copies for the use of the House of Representatives.
Mr. CHAMBERS demanded the yeas and nays.
Mr. VAN VALKENBURGH. The facts and the report were important, and the expense proposed was trifling.
Mr. CAMPBELL said: The committee and all concerned were willing that the report should be printed.
Mr. HIGGINS. Does it respect the Arsenal matter?
Mr. CAMPBELL. Yes - a matter that has been reported on and set at rest long ago. He desired to have the report read before the vote shall be taken.
Mr. MCCARTHY moved that the order be made for three hundred copies, in pamphlet form.
Mr. VAN VALKENBURGH accepted the modification.
Mr. HIGGINS demanded a division of the question.
After debate -
Mr. SPENCER moved to lay the motion of Mr. Van Valkenburgh on the table.
The motion was rejected, by yeas 27, nays 55.
Mr. WOODS moved to reconsider this vote,with a desire to have the report read.
The SPEAKER. Reconsideration would only involve another motion.
Mr. COREY. The report detailed the expenses of the Executive debt, and he desired to see the particulars.
Mr. RATLIFF called for the reading of the report.
Mr. HUGHES proposed to amend the motion by adding: "Provided said report shall be printed and laid on the desks of members in six days from this time.
He said the Public Printer took a large discretion as to the time in which he does the work. He would not vote for an order for more printing, unless it were coupled with a requirement to have the printing done in time to be of use to the House.
Mr. VAN VALKENBURGH would accept the amendment if it were made obligatory on the Public Printer to have the printing done in six days.
Mr. HUGHES was willing to make it obligatory.
The SPEAKER now directed the reading of the report.
The report having been read -
Mr. KIZER changed his mind, and was now in favor of the motion to print.
Mr. CHAMBERS would like a division of the question.
The SPEAKER. The Chair does not see how the question can be divided.-The amendments to the original motion have all been accepted. Mr. HONNEUS demanded the yeas and nays. The motion to print was agreed to-yeas 72, nays 18.
Mr. DAGGY, from the Special Judicial Circuit's Committee, returned their Judicial page: 221[View Page 221] Circuit's bill [H. R. 244] with the amendment transferring Sullivan county back to the 20th Circuit, conformably to the order of the House taken yesterday.
Mr. WOLFE said Sullivan county ought to have some rights. It was a singular fact, that the motion to put Sullivan county back to the 20th Circuit came from a representative from Elkhart county, [Mr. Woods,] residing some three hundred miles from the of Sullivan.The reason for the motion was announced by the gentleman from Monroe: [Mr. Hughes,] that Sullivan would make the 20th Circuit Democratic. He insisted on the right of Sullivan county a place in the 6th Circuit. It was as good as the right of Monroe county there, or any other county in the State to the Circuit she preferred. And only three days ago the deliberate action of the House placed her back, where she desired to remain and be let alone.
Mr. GREER supported the report of the committee, rehearsing the history of the bill. Sullivan county was placed in the 20th Circuit in the original bill. The reason why the House was dissatisfied with the change to the 6th Circuit was, that that Circuit was already overburdened with business.
Mr. WOLFE insisted that the 6th Circuit was the old judicial place of Sullivan county.
Mr. GREER stated again and amplified the reasons which justify the report.
Mr. MORRISON demanded the previous question, and there was a second.
Mr. DAGGY closed the debate - showing the equity of the report by reference to the voting strength of the 6th and the 20th Circuits. The report makes only two or three additional Circuits.
And then, under the pressure of the previous question, the report of the Committee was concurred in - affirmative 50, negative not reported.
Mr. WHITE, from the special committee on his Petroleum Inspector resolution, returned the same, with a bill.
On motion by Mr. DAGGY, Mr. McMurray obtained leave of absence, on account of death in his family.
The House returned to the consideration of the Committee's Judicial Apportionment bill [H. R. 244] - the question being on the third and last reading thereof.
The final vote resulted yeas 53, nays 32 as follows:
YEAS - Messrs. Barrett, Belford, Bischof, Blanch, Brucker, Campbell, Chambers, Crain, Crowe, Daggy, Danaldson, Dunn, Erwin, Evans, Ferris, Foulke, Funk, Geisendorff, Gordon, Greer, Griggs, Hartman, Hamilton, Hopkins, Litson, Long of Kosciusko, Martin, Mason, McLean, Miller, Moore, Morrison, Newcomb, Peelle, Prather, Ratliff, Ross, Rosser, Sabin, Shook, Shuey, Skidmore, Smith of Lagrange, Spencer, Stafford, Stewart, Thomas, Vawter, Wason, Watson, Woods, and Mr. Speaker - 53.
NAYS - Messrs. Bird, Black, Carter, Corey, Edmonson, Fuller, Higgins, Honneus, Hostetter, Hudson, Hughes, Hungate, Inman, Kiser, Matthis, McCarthy, McClasky, McFadin, Montgomery, Newland, North,Scammahorn, Shanks, Shields, Smith of Wabash, Stackhouse, Thacher, Thrasher, Van Valkenburgh, Williams, Wilson, White, Wolfe, Wolfer, and Wright - 32.
So the bill was finally passed the House of Representatives, with an amendment of title striking out the words "in the counties in which they reside," and inserting these words: "in which they were severally elected."
Mr. Shuey's fire limits bill [H. R. 96] which failed yesterday for lack of 51 votes, coming up - it was finally passed the House of Representatives - yeas 52, nays 22.
On motion of Mr. KIZER the order of business was suspended to enable him to move to take up his Sheriff's fees bill [H. R. 183] and have it referred again to the Committee on Fees and Salaries. But from the record it appears that the bill was indefinitely postponed.
Mr. NEWCOMB presented the memorial of the State Librarian, to justify himself from imputations in the House debate yesterday. It was ordered to be spread on the journal.
Mr. McFADIN said that he had intended to introduce a resolution of inquiry into this matter referred to in debate yesterday. But it was brought out in debate. His remarks then were general. His point was against the order restraining purchases to a single firm. If the statement of the Librarian was correct it was all right. Without any personal feeling in the case, he hoped this would end the matter.
Mr. HUGHES submitted the following:
Resolved, That the Committee on Temperance be instructed to report a bill for a temperance law without delay ; and that, for that purpose, they have leave to sit while the House is in session.
He said he had never been a champion for a prohibitory liquor law, but on this matter his views had undergone a change. He had uniformly defended his withdrawal from the Democratic party upon Democratic principles. He had seen so much of the evil effects of the unrestricted license of selling liquor, that he was willing now to publicly renounce this principle of opposition to prohibition. If it was a democratic principle, no matter he renounced it. And it might now be said, if gentlemen will: "The last link is broken that bound me."
Mr. PEELLE desired permission to introduce a bill on this subject.
page: 222[View Page 222]Mr. DAGGY would like to amend the resolution so as to require a temperance bill to be reported by the gentleman from Monroe.
Mr. HUGHES would adopt the views of the gentleman from Wayne [Mr. Peelle.]
Mr. Hughes' resolution was then adopted.
Mr. PEELLE (by leave) then introduced a bill [H. R. 283] for an act to prevent public drunkenness, and prescribing a remedy; which was referred to the Committee, under the order just taken by the House.
Mr. DUGGY submitted the following:
Resolved, That the clerks and employes of this House who have served in the war for the suppression of the rebellion, be entitled to a copy of the Adjutant General's Report, and that the be directed to furnish them accordingly.
Mr. KIZER denounced the Adjutant General's Report as the occasion of great expense to the State, without corresponding advantage. He had a copy, and he was willing that any soldier should have his copy that wanted it.
Mr. McFADIN moved to amend so as to tender a copy to each of the employes of the House.
It was rejected.
Mr. THACHER and Mr. MILLER moved to amend so as to tender a copy of said Report to every soldier in the State.
Mr. HUGHES said that amendment would take out about all the money in the State Treasury. He proceeded to say that the publication of this report had been the occasion of numerous fraudulent applications for bounties and pay. The muster rolls ought never to have been published. But now, since it had been done, this amendment was monstrous. It would require a new edition to be printed of six or seven volumes. There are probably 100,000 soldiers in the State, who would be each entitled to a copy.
Mr. KIZER would distribute them as far as they would go.
Mr. NEWCOMB said nothing could be done in this way by a simple resolution. It would require a concurrent resolution, or a joint resolution, or a bill. On his motion, the resolution and amendments pending were laid on the table_- yeas 42, nays 41.
On motion of Mr. ROSS, Mr. Van Valkenburg had leave of absence for one week from to-morrow.
Mr. STEWART obtained leave to introduce a joint resolution [H. R. 16] to annul the action of the county commissioners of Marion county, by which they have constructed a road or avenue on land owned by the State on the east side of the lot occupied by the Institute for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb; and to authorize theproper officers to take possession of said land for the use of said Institution, which was read the first time.
Mr. S. described the road which the commissioners of Marion county have constructed on the State's land. He said the officers of the Deaf and Dumb Institution were not opposed to having the road or avenue opened, nor to keeping it open, if they have control of it. On his motion the joint resolution was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, with instructions to inquire whether the General Assembly have power to make void this action of the Marion county commissioners.
Mr. WHITE (in behalf of the Special Committee thereon) obtained leave to introduce a bill [H. R. 284] for an act to prohibit the sale for burning purposes of coal oil of a lower fire-test than 110 degrees, and providing penalty therefor. It was passed to the second reading, and made the special order for Friday at 2 o'clock.
Mr. HIGGINS submitted the following:
Resolved, That after Saturday next, the Housewill refuse the introduction of any more bills, unless they are introduced by some standing or elect Committee.
Resolved further, That hereafter the Committee on Engrossed Bills be instructed to make their reports to the Clerk of the House.
The SPEAKER. The latter resolution can be entertained only in the shape of a notice to amend the rules. The reason the Engrossments Committee make their reports to the House is that they may go on the Journal.
Mr. HIGGINS withdrew the latter resolution.
On motion of Mr. THACHER, the resolution was laid on the table.
Mr. MILLER moved ineffectually to take up his registry bill, No. 25
The Senate's Soldiers' Home bill, No. 4, was passed the second reading, and referred to the Military Committee.
The House then took a recess till 2 o'clock P. M.
The justices'cost collections' bill [S. 28] was passed to the third reading.
The State Librarian bill [S. 5] was passed the final reading in the House of Representatives - yeas 57, nays 16.
On motion of Mr. CRAIN, Mr. McLean's Private Benevolent Association amendment bill [H. R. 54] coming up on the final reading -
Mr. McLEAN explained that it was a general bill to admit of regulations for a female manual institution, on the Mount Holyoke plan, and an asylum for aged page: 223[View Page 223] females and orphans (under 16 years of age) which a rich old bachelor [Mr. Rose] proposes to endow in the city of Terre Haute - proposing to each institution an emdowment of $150,000.
The bill was passed the final reading yeas 85 nays 0.
Mr. O'NEIL, (by leave) from the Committee on the Organization of Courts, returned Mr. Sabin's justices act amendment bill [H. R. 151] approving the matter but objecting to the phraseology of the bill, recommending that it be laid on the table,and reporting a new bill and new title.
On motion of Mr. MILLER, the report was amended, so as to retain the title and number of Mr. Sabin's bill.
Mr Hamilton's bill, [H. R 71] to amend the 19th section of the practice act in criminal actions - relative to filing information in criminal cases - coming up on the second reading -
On motion of Mr. HUGHES it was laid over till Mr. Belford shall be present - that gentleman being entitled to the floor there on.
Mr. McLean's marriage license amendment bill [H. R. 193] coming upit was ordered to the engrossment.
Mr. Wolflin's Town Land Tax Repeal bill [H. R. 212] coning up on the second reading - it was passed over till the author shall be present.
The Committee bill [H. R. 219,] being a substitute for Mr. Watson's Index bill [H. R. 108] - giving Board of County Commissioners a discretion as to making allowance to the Clerk of the Circuit Court for such indexing, coming up on the second reading -
Mr. MONTGOMERY proposed to make the compensation "ten cents" per one hundred words, instead of "fifteen cents."It was rejected - affirmative 43, negative 43.
The bill was ordered to the engrossment.
Mr. Shuey's Supreme Court bill [H. R. 220,] coming up -
Mr. SHUEY said there was a Senate bill - an exact copy of this - whereupon, on his motion, it was laid on the table.
Mr. Higgins' Landlord and Tenant bill [H. R. 225] coming up, it was ordered to the engrossment.
Mr. Morrison's Drainage bill [H. R. 23} see page 35 of these Reports - coming up -
And the bill having been read, it was passed over for the special order.
On motion by Mr. HUGHES, the two reports from the Judiciary Committee, with reference to the University Square, were taken up, and their further consideration postponed and made the special order for Friday at 2 o'clock.
The SPEAKER announced the special order for this day at 3 o'clock, viz: The consideration of the bill [S. No. 7] to repeal an act entitled An Act to repeal the 13th article of the State Constitution - the question being on the third and last reading thereof.
Mr. VAN VALKENBURGH, Representing a District containing 5,000 voters, in the entire limits of which District but two negroes can be found, I ask to be heard on this subject, and to enter my protest against the repeal of the 13th Article of our State Constitution, and in doing so I am confident that I faithfully represent my constituency. My people have all the negroes in their midst that they desire. Just enough for specimens.
I have no doubt of the passage of the measure proposed, and we are informed that a discussion of it is a waste of time, and an opportunity for discussion, even, is granted as an indulgence to the minority. Still I wish to be heard.
Those who oppose this measure are characterized as fogies, fossils and Bourbons, who will neither learn or forget anything. I accept the pet names, and am proud to stand here as a fossolized Bourbon, who can not forget or abandon the Constitution of my State, nor learn to follow after the strange gods of fanatacism; and as one earnestly opposed to the repeal of the 13th Article of the Constitution of the State of Indiana.
The framers and fathers of the Constitution of the United States, after suffering the oppressions of tyranny until they were longer unendurable, threw off the tyrant's yoke and formed a free Government at the cost of indescribable hardships, dangers unparalleled, and the expense of rivers of precious human blood.
Having suffered under tyranny and paid a fearful price for liberty, they appreciated fully the value of the treasure when acquired, and they wisely resolved to guard it well for their posterity. The Constitution framed by them was written plainly and "gives forth no vague, uncertain sounds." Its provisions are intelligible and explicit. No feature stands forth more prominently than the clause that "The powers not delegated to the General Government are reserved to the States themselves." And the power of local legislation is nowhere delegated.
We have never given up the right to place upon our statute books such laws as may seem good to us and do not conflict with the Constitution of the United States. In accordance with this theory of government the people of Indiana, by almost unanimous consent, adopted the 13th Article, Had page: 224[View Page 224] they a right to do so? If they had, when did they lose the right to enforce that Article? Wherein is the Constitution of the United States changed since the adoption by Indiana of the 13th Article?
The maintainance of the rights of the States is of vital importance to the liberties of the people at all times. Especially is this important at this time when the dictator of Congress is seeking to wrest from the States every right and power retained by them. Why, sir, the question presents itself almost in this shape :Shall Thad. Stevens govern the State of Indiana or may the Legislature venture a word?
It is held that as the 13th article of our State Constitution conflicts with the Civil Rights bill, passed by Congress, it should be repealed, because it is inoperative and void Sir, I hold that it is the Civil Rights bill which is inoperative and void, the decision of any Court to the contrary notwith standing. If, for no other reason than to maintain the rights of my State, I oppose the repeal of this article under the pressure of an unconstitutional Congressional law. I hold that Congress can no more say to us that this law of ours is invalid, than we can say to Congress that we deem it an honest and patriotic body; or than we can say to the State of Ohio what laws she may pass. It is our duty to maintain the rights of States lest our Government degenerate into a monarchy with a President or perpetual Congress for King.
This proposition must be advocated on one of two principles. Either because of the conflict of the law in the Civil Rights bill, or because it is desirable to increase the negro population of the State by immigration. Now I consider negroes a very unprofitable class of our population. Neither remarkably useful nor ornamental. The less we have of them the better we are off. All at present outside of the State of Indiana are provided for in some manner, and I am satisfied. I am willing and anxious to let them alone. I am perfectly confident that the voters of Indiana have no desire to increase the negro population of the State.
I appeal to any member on this floor to say if his constituents have requested him to open the doors of the State for its settlement by the freed negroes of the Southern States? Have the citizens of any portion of this State asked for this increase of our population? If they have not, then why repeal the 13th article? Because it is void ? Why is it void? Is the Civil Rights bill the law governing our State, or do we claim the right to enforce a law about the constitutionality of which there is no question?
On every ground I oppose the repeal of the article.
Mr. BIRD. The bill under consideration was for the purpose of repealing the legislation under what is commonly known as the 13th article. [He reads the article.]
He maintained that this was as much the Constitution of the State of Indiana to-day as it ever was, and as binding as any other part of the Constitution. And he recollected that day of the organization of the House when he stood before the Speaker's table and took a solemn oath to support this Constitution. Therefore, he for one, could never cast his vote for the repeal of a law which the Constitution imperatively requires the Legislature to enact.
He might go back aud ask why this article was placed in the Constitution? But first, he would say this: If gentlemen wish to make this article a nullity,if they wish to flood the country with a negro population ; if they wish to mix whites and blacks together, and place them upon an equality - he asked, why do they not submit a joint resolution recommending to the people to strike out this article, and let the people determine the question?
But why was this Article adopted? In 1850 there was called up to this capital a convention of the people, to alter and amend the State constitution. That, convention was composed of men of all parties; and there probably was as much legal talent and learning in that body as ever assembled in this Hall. From his own county he recollected the name of Samuel Hall, an eminent jurist, who was once elected Lieutenant Governor of the State, and filled the office with credit to the State and to the satisfaction of all parties. This man was in that convention of legal men, and gave his views of this Article. He said: "No man would go further than he to prevent the emigration of negroes into the State, because he believed that the negro and white man could not live together, except to the detriment of the white man."Mr. Hendricks, of Shelby, said:
"Shall the State of Indiana suffer the South to throw upon her, to be provided for, the old, the diseased, and the vicious of her black population. Every principle of justice, every dictate of sound policy, answers we should not. The number of negroes and mulattoes coming among us is greatly increasing, and in a few years the North will be burdened with the whole free black population of the United States of we adopt no measures to prevent them." And now he asked, are not the negroes now coming into the State faster than ever before? They certainly were: and the negroes and mulattoes now coming into the State are not the best of their class. page: 225[View Page 225] Those that are industrious and enterprising retain their positions in the South. The lazy and worthless come here and furnish subjects for our poorhouses. And, if there is any means by which we can prevent their coming, by all means let us do it.
Mr. Harden, of Wayne, said: "It seems to be an admitted fact that the two races can not live together on terms of equality, and both prosper. Experience has shown that they naturally act on each other for the worse. I have never know a neighborhood of colored persons that had not a visible effect upon the white population in their immediate vicinity. They pull down the white population more than the white population more than the white population raise them up. They mutually injure each other."
These were sentiments expressed in that convention and they were his sentiments to day, But the men of this convention did not feel satisfied to rest this matter with the mere expression of their views of governmental policy, nor were they satisfied to rest it as an ordinary constitutional provision; but so shaped the proposition for the ratification of the people that the new constitution should be voted on as a whole and this article by itself. And this article was thoroughly discussed in the canvass before the ratification. And the result of that vote gave a majority of more than ninety thousand of the people of the State, saying: This government was made for white men - not for negroes. And he was not yet convinced but that if they same question were presented to the people of the State to-day, quite as large a majority would be in the same direction.
But we are told that Congress has recently enacted, that negroes are citizens of the United States, and therefore we have no right to exclude them. This involves a question of State rights. Did the General Government create the State Governments, or the States the General Government? Before the General Government was formed, there existed the old thirteen sovereign, separate and independent Colonies or States. These States met by their delegates, and agreed to give up certain of their rights and powers for the general good for the protection of the rest; and thus was formed the Constitution of the United States. The Constitution was framed by the States. Thus was the General Government set in operation. The States created the General Government. And the creature never possesses greater power than the creator. The General Government possesses only the power granted by the States in the general Constitution: and she may exercise these-none other. The General Government possesses no powers but those specifically delegated in the Constitution. And there is no provisions in the General Government Constitution by which Congress may make null and void, any part of a State Constitution. If Congress may enact a law making any one article of the State Constitution null and void, she may destroy the Constitutions of all the States, and deprive them of every attribute of sovereignty and independence, which would be a concentration of all the powers of government in the federal head, and a resusitation of the old federal doctrine, in pursuance of which the alien and sedition laws were enacted, under the administration of the elder Adams.
It follows, then, that the Civil Rights bill can have no force or effect, as against the Constitution of the State of Indiana; nor do I believe there is one eminent lawyer in the State of Indiana who, upon his reputation as a lawyer, would affirm that Congress has power to legislate for the destruction of a State Constitution.
But then, admitting that negroes ars citizens of the United Srates, still we maintain that this State has the right to exclude them if their presence amongst us is regarded as detrimental to the peace and happiness of our people - as likely to produce disturbance. Assuming this repeal to be law, he rested the issue upon this: Would it not be opening the door and inviting negro populations amongst us? Would it not be placing on a social and political equality with ourselves - our families - our children in the schools? And would not that be likely to produce discord and disturbance amongst the inhabitants of the State? He gave examples. He would refer to hisfriend from Vanderburgh [Mr. Bischof ] to the fact, that not long since in that county, a negro man on the Sabbath day, took, a woman in a field, committed a rape on her person, and then undertook to kill her. He did not, however, succeed in that; and the police pursued and caught the scoundrel and he was taken to Evansville, and placed in the jail. But the outraged moral sense of the people would not suffer him to remain, under the protection of the jailor. The enraged mob, taking the law into their own lands, took him from the dungeon and hung him to a lamp-post till he was dead: ["Right - right." ] and it was all the police could do to prevent the infuriated mob from destroying every negroman, women and child - in the neighborhood.
Mr. CRAIN interposed to remind the Speaker that the gentleman's 20 minutes has expired.
Several voices: "Go on!" "Go on."
Mr. BIRD continued. He might be answered by those who would allege that white men also are sometimes guilty of revolting crimes. But he insisted that the page: 226[View Page 226]feeling between the two races was such, that the criminal acts of individuals would be constantly visited upon the race without distinguishing; between the innocent and the guilty. He agreed with Governor Morton in the sentiment which he published in his Richmond speech(he would quote the Governor's words if he could remember them)that the condition of equality of whites and blacks in this country would result in a war between the two races.Mr. HUGHES interposed to arrest the infraction of the twenty minutes rule, and on his motion, it was ordered by unanimous consent that the gentleman from Gibson be allowed to proceed.Mr. BIRD. I might relate other instances going to show incontestably, that the bringing of a negro population amongst us would breed popular disturbances; and that we can not have them amongst us without admitting them nominally and legally to political and social equality with ourselves. Then I claim that this fundamental law is right; and since it is in accordance with the decision of the Supreme Court, this is all I want for the present argument; for lawyers know the value of a decision of the Supreme Court. I will now read an extract from a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States:
Chief Justice Taney, in the case of Norris vs. The City of Boston, says:
"Again : If the State has the right to exclude from its borders any person or persons whom it may regard as dangerous to the safety of its citizens, it must necessarily have the right to decide when and toward whom this power is to be exercised. It is, in its nature, a discretionary power, to be exercised according to the judgment of the party that possesses it; and it must, therefore, rest with the State to determine whether any particular class or description of persons are likely to produce discontent or insurrection in its territory, or to taint the morals of its citizens, or to bring among them contageous diseases, or the evils and burdens of a numerous pauper population ; for if the General Government can, in any respect, or by any form of legislation, control or restrain a State in the exercise of this power, or decide whether it has been exercised with proper discretion and toward proper persons and on proper occasions; then the real and substantial power would be in Congress, and not in the States."
This decision states the doctrine plainly, that if we believe any particular class or description of persons, white or black, would be likely to produce discontent or insurrection in the State, or taint the morals of its citizens, or bring amongst them contagious diseases, or the evils and burdens of a pauper population, they can be excluded.
Let us preserve the morals of pur own people, and prevent them from being contaminated by an association with ignorant and degraded negroes. Let us foster and protect our laboring people by preventing competition that will cheapen the price of labor.
Would it not be degrading to a white man a - workman in a mechanic's shopa poor man, bound to work for his living - to be obliged, as he returns home to his wife, to tell her that his employer tells him that be can employ a black man for half the price that he pays to him - when they both know that he is barely earning his living, but bound to come down to the demand of his employer? Gentlemen tell us, however, that the negro must have his rights too. But I contend that this government was made by white men, and for white men; and I want white men to control it, and let the negroes have a country by themselves. Let us dignify labor, and make it honorable. Let us encourage the emigration of our own race, men who will bring with them capital, and that which is more valuable, mechanical skill, industry, intelligence and virtue; men who will fell our forests, cultivate our soil, develope our immense mineral resources, establish and operate manufactories, thereby creating a home market for the raw material and surplus products, and reduce the price of manufactured articles; men who will own and improve our lands, build up our towns and cities, and pay taxes for the support of the government By pursuing this course we will make our people harmonious, happy, prosperous and virtuous.
A VOICE. Will the farmers down in your county employ negroes?
Mr. BIRD. They have the right to do so, if they will.
Mr. GREEN. So far as my county is concerned, they do not.
The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Gibson has the floor.
Mr. BIRD. But adoptisg the course proposed by this bill from the Senate; we remove all obstructions, and invite the lazy, worthless, trifling vagabond, to emigrate and settle in our State, by enacting laws that will virtually make him the equal of the man, in all respects, socially and politically. I know that there are some who say are not going to do this by law. But I affirm here, that they can not give him all the other rights of the white man, and withhold the right of suffrage. Therefore, if I were in favor of the bill to invite negroes into the State, I would never vote for any law making them my equals. But then, this being done, we may reasonably expect the white race to retrograde more than the negro race will be elevated. If we invite them here, justice and humanity demand that we should give them all the political and social rights that we ourselves enjoy. There should be no distinction on account of color. And then would follow miscegenation and all its concomitant evils.
The two races are different physically, page: 227[View Page 227] morally and intellectually - as different in all these particulars as in their color. They can not meet and mingle in a state of social and political equality without a violation of the law Of nature, and a gross outrage of all our better feelings, and without producing a degradation of our own race. I hope yet to see a policy adopted that will eventually place this unfortunate race as an independent people in their own country.
Mr. GRIGGS next took the floor. Reading from the bill of rights, he insisted that our Democratic friends were living in a fast age. Was not that 13th Article grounded in our prejudices rather than in justice? Ten years ago, in the other end of the Capitol, almost alone, he voted for the repeal of the law disabling the negro from giving testimony in our courts of justice, and he contemplated the advance which his principles have made since that time. He gave, instance, of injustice, oppression and license of crime, the results of that negro disability statute. This was a new era in our Government, and we should do justice alike to all mankind. We should make our country the home of the oppressed Of all nations - which we will do if we would hasten the day of the millenium, forshadowed in the visions of prophesy. On the contrary, it was ignoble and unmanly in the stronger to tread down the weaker race," In this sense, ours was not the white man's government, but a general government for all peoples.
Mr. KIZER next took the floor and spoke the twenty minutes which the rule allows in opposition to the bill for the repeal.
Mr. McFADIN said this question had not been before the people of the State since 1850. What then had made the change assumed here to have taken place? He could not see it. He alleged that social and political equality between these races was never intended by the Creator. He was opposed to slavery as well as these philanthropists. He alleged also that the opposite party were really no more in favor of this pretended equality than he. It was their desire to gain a political object, that inspired this negro philanthropy. The Republican party was gone, if they failed of the negro's vote. He deprecated this mingling of the races, also on account of its effect upon the laboring classes. There was no good result to flow from this repeal. When he had concluded -
Mr. HUGHES asked and obtained leave to introduce a bill [H. R. 288] to amend sections 26 and 27 of the general act defining misdemeanors, &c. [Proposing to raise the penalty for selling liquor to minors, and for adulterating liquors to $500, and to make it a felony, punishable by imprisonment not less than six nor more than twelve months. Involving also disfranchisement and the destruction of liquor stores.] It was referred to the Committee on Temperance.
Mr. GREER indicated an amendment.
The SPEAKER. The bill is not in a condition to amend.
On motion by Mr. McFADIN, it was
Ordered, That when the House shall adjourn to-day, it shall adjourn till to-morrow, at two o'clock p. M.
The House then resumed the
Mr. PRATHER demanded the previous question, but there was not a second - affirmative 34, negative 38.
Mr. THACHER. I move to recommit the bill to the committee, with special instructions to report a joint resolution to repeal the 13th article of the constitution, so as to leave the subject to the people and the ballot box.
The SPEAKER. It proposes a new subject. It is not germane, but would defeat the bill. It is out of order.
Mr. HUGHES regretted that this subject was brought before the Legislature. It were better left to the action of the Judiciary. But there was not one of these gentlemen so ardent in their opposition to this repeal, that would endorse the doctrine of the thirteenth article in their own neighborhood; not one that would file an affidavit before a justice of the peace and institute a suit to enforce it. The reason is this: we are all of us such slaves of public opinion I do not know that I shall vote for this bill. It is said that the question has been decided by the Supreme Court. If so, so let it rest. I was struck with force of one remark by the gentleman from Gibson [Mr. Bird,] to the effect that no respectable lawyer would venture the opinion that this article was in conflict with the Constitution of the United States.
It had been said by some that the Thirteenth Article becomes null and void because of the civil rights bill. But he undertook to say that if the Thirteenth Article is void by reason of the civil rights bill, it was, void before, and for this reason: Long before the civil rights bill was passed, it was law that whatever rights a citizen of any of the States has in his own State he has in all the States. At the same the negro was a citizen and a voter in some of the States of the Union. Yet, in full view of this provision of the constitution of the United States, we passed our Thirteenth Article. Hence, if it were ever valid, it is valid to-day, as a judicial question. And I agree with the gentlemen from Gibson when he declares that he does not believe there is a respectable lawyer in the page: 228[View Page 228] House that would declare the contrary. We can repeal the law, and allow the Constitution to remain as it is - not because it is not valid in law, but because the temper of the times and the spirit of the people will nullify it. Now the great Republican party has just committed itself to the principle that each State has sovereign control over the qualifications of the voters of the State. But they have got round that point by requiring that the Southern State shall either give the ballot to the negro, or give up the race, as a basis of representation and power in the nation. We are a State Rights party, then, to this extent. Each state has the right to declare who shall be voters. And I apprehend, that it is just as clear, that they have the right to say who shall be excluded from the State.
Now, sir, a great deal has been done for the negro. The war has set him free: and I have no regrets on that account. Whilst he was in slavery, and we had peace, I thought it was best to keep him a slave. And, in common with all the country, I allowed myself to be a hewer of wood and a drawer of water to the Southern States for peace. In my first speeches of the war, I declared my opinion, that every negro in the country was better off with his master and mistress. But slavery was not content when it held in its hand both branches of Congress and the Supreme Court. It was not content, because the people of the United States saw proper, in the exercise of their constitutional powers, to elect Abraham Lincoln and place him in the Presidential chair, where, with a majority against him in Congress, he was powerless - his election being by a minority vote - the direct result of dissensions in the Democratic party itself. When slavery appea ed from the census and the ballot box to the sword, and laid its hands on the Constitution to destroy it - all in the name of Democracy - then, sir, I left the concern, and determined to stand with my country, as I had done in times past - for the Union and the Constitution. And I thought, if, in the conflict, the manacles should be stricken from the limbs of four millions of human beings, I would not regret it; and that when that was done I would protect them in the circumstances resulting from the changed state of their affairs. But now, I do not know that I should therefore desire to have these negroes come amongst us, or that I should desire to make them voters. And I am free to declare that I am not in favor of negro suffrage; and I do not think that I ever will be. I am in favor of giving them protection and justice. But, if I were called upon to give my opinion as to what is now the greatest evil of the country, I would say that it results from a too extended elective franchise. And I think we would better subserve the interests of the country by restricting the elective franchise, than by conferring it upon those with black skin.
I know, sir, that these ideas are not popular. I am no seeker after popularity. I expect even denunciations. But I seek the approbation of my own conscience, without regard to popular clamor. I do not want the negroes here. I do not want them, because their absence has saved the State civil warbecause we chose to have nothing to do with this class of people. If this article of the Constitution has become a dead letter, let it fall. I am for standing by the judicial decisions. Bat I do not want to make haste to anticipate them.
Mr. DOUGLASS followed in a twenty minutes speech in opposition to the bill.
Mr. STAFFORD said some gentlemen were exercised with the fear that the negro will become their equal by some act of this Legislature. He had seen placards to this effect, borne by ladies: "Save us from negro husbands." He had also seen a better motto for the ladies, to this effect: "Fathers save the country, and we will save our selves from negro husbands." He commended that, and would maintain the legislation which forbids intermarriage with negroes. The chief item of information in the speech of the gentleman from Monroe was that he had left the Democratic party.
Mr. ROSS said this 13th article, was established for the purpose of keeping negroes out of the State. Now, was it not the inevitable consequence of the political course of the Republican party to remove the barriers which keep the negroes out the State? Was it desirable to have them here; to have a clouded population, half white and half black? This was denied by them in the late canvass. This bill did not propose in terms the end which was to be accomplished by it. But if we admit negroes, it places them in a position to demand political rights, and places us in a position where we shall be bound to accord them political rights. It was, to say the least, legislation for the negro race. Gentlemen talk flippantly about our fear of making the negroes our equal. It was not social equality that we oppose - God has taken care of that but political equality - which we are able to withhold. If the proposition were submitted to the people to-day, they would vote it down.
Mr. HOSTETTER said there was no reasonable doubt but this bill would pass. And by the passage of this bill do we not declare ourselves subject to the central power, to the extent that Congress may disregard the rights of the several States withua page: 229[View Page 229] impunity? This question will be settled by the action of the House to-day on this bill.
Mr. GREER spoke of the changed condition of the question on account of the destruction of slavery in the Southern States. Whenever we take from freemen any one of the rights of freemen we assume the power to strike down any other right. The negro helped to destroy the rebellion, and for this reason we should extend to him all the rights and privileges of a free man. A negro even in the estimation of many Democrats, was as good a substitute as a white man - in war.
Mr. PEELLE said it is not because the negro is involved here, nor the question whether the 13th Article was right or wrong. But it was the question whether that Articlewas not a dead letter. If so, was it policy to keep on the statute books laws which the moral sense of the people will not enforce? His knowledge of this fact determined his vote in favor of this bill. If it remains on the statute book, it will take away respect for the statutes in general. There was also the decision of the Supreme Court. These considerations alone controlled him.
Mr. LONG, of Kosciusko, demanded the previous question, and there was a second.
The bill failed on the final passage - yeas 48, nays 31lacking a constitutional majority.
And then the House adjourned till tomorrow 2 o'clock P. M.


text:
Backpacks Daypack Backpacks Internal Backpacks North Face Backpacks
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Most Liked Positive Review
Awesome bag, awesome store!
I bought this as a gift for my little brother (a high school student) who was using a really old Jansport SuperBreak (which was literally falling apart at the seams). ...Read complete review
I bought this as a gift for my little brother (a high school student) who was using a really old Jansport SuperBreak (which was literally falling apart at the seams). First off, the bag is very organized. Lots of pockets for everything and then some. The powerbrick pocket on the bottom could use more padding but that's just me. I think, he plans on using that pocket for snacks or odd and ends, and instead, storing his powerbrick somewhere more secure. :) The laptop compartment will be used for his new tablet (that the school will be suppling him with soon). His 15.4" Dell laptop does fit, should he use to travel with that instead.He's really happy that his humongous zip around binder, text books, track and swim uniforms and such all fit into this bag. All without killing his back.Also, he loves the multi-toned blue color. The color is bright and cheery. On a plus side, it's very easy to find his bag from the standard color backpacks when piled together.He has no plans on using any of the straps, so we tucked away the waist belt. And yes, the waist belt does really tuck away. ;)His only problem are the zippers. Actually, there are no problems with it yet, but he thinks it will break with heavy usage. Like his old backpacks. LOL. Only the time will tell. ;)In all, the bag gets a 5 out of 5 from him. And from me? I'm looking into buying one for my own!
Most Liked Negative Review
I use this day pack to take my laptop and associated paperwork to and from the office.The top strap broke in 1.5 months with a 25lb load, including the pack itsel...Read complete review
I use this day pack to take my laptop and associated paperwork to and from the office.The top strap broke in 1.5 months with a 25lb load, including the pack itself.Having relied on gear for my life many times, I would be embarrassed to have made this failure of a pack.
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By lewis
from fayetteville,ar
About Me Student
Comments about The North Face Surge Daypack:
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Nice bag
By garyzonk
from Houston, TX
About Me Casual Adventurer
use the product to carry a 15 inch MacBook Pro and accessories
Love it!
By Lucie
from Los Angeles, CA
This backpack is amazing. I love the design + size. I can fit a lot of stuff, it's perfect for me because I use it for school and traveling.
Full of features and very large!
By A student
from Naples, FL
Excellent product. Great pockets, easy to load up, and excellent looking! Given the size and construction, it does not fit well into my locker with all my books, etc. Still love it though and use it for non-school uses.
(0 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Northface backpack
By Polly Mc
from Richmond, Va
this is a great backpack - but what made it even better was the price and fast shipping - thanks:) xoxo

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Someone you know has been affected by sexual violence, whether you know
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James Dichter awoke from elbow surgery last May and was sent home with a simple navy-blue cloth sling. When the bill for that sling arrived a month later, Dichter's jaw dropped. Surgi-Care, a medical equipment supplier, charged his insurer $83 for the item. His share was $25. Dichter, a 59-year-0ld consultant with an MBA from UC Berkeley, suspected something was wrong with that price. He searched online and found a similar basic sling for $7.
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Home > Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration is a disease that causes blurring of your central vision. The blurring happens because of damage to the macula, a small area at the back of the eye. The macula helps you see the fine detail in things that your eyes are focusing on.
Macular degeneration makes it harder to do things that require sharp central vision, like reading, driving, and recognizing faces. It does not affect side vision, so it does not lead to complete blindness.
There are two types of macular degeneration—wet and dry. The dry form is by far the most common type. The wet form is much less common, but it happens more quickly and is more severe.
You may have either type in just one eye, but over time you may get it in the other eye too.
Macular degeneration is the result of damage to the nerve cells in the macula. The process that leads to this damage is different for each type.
Experts are still studying the causes of both forms.
The main symptom of macular degeneration is dim or fuzzy central vision. Objects may look warped or smaller than they really are. You may have a blank or blind spot in the center of your field of vision. As the disease gets worse, you may have trouble with tasks like reading and driving.
If you have the dry form, your vision will probably become blurry slowly. You may have it for several years before it affects your ability to read, drive, and do everyday activities.
Often the first symptom of the wet form is that straight lines look wavy or curved. In the wet form, vision loss happens quickly and can be severe.
A doctor can usually detect macular degeneration by doing a regular eye exam and asking questions about your past health. You may have some vision tests, including an ophthalmoscopy. This test lets your doctor look at the inside of your eye. If you have macular degeneration, your doctor may see drusen. These are yellowish white waste deposits that can build up at the back of the eye.
At this time, there is no cure for macular degeneration. But experts are exploring many new treatments that hold hope for the future. Your doctor can keep you up to date on any changes in treatment that might help you.
Eating food that contains lots of antioxidant vitamins and minerals may help slow down vision loss in some people with moderate to severe macular degeneration.1 Talk to your doctor about whether this might help you.
These treatments may slow down vision loss from the wet form of macular degeneration:
There are many things you can do at home to make the most of your remaining vision. Try using aids like magnifying glasses, brighter lighting, and large-print books. Having a good support network is important too.
If you need more help, your doctor may refer you to an occupational therapist or rehabilitation specialist. These professionals can help you get the tools and training you need to cope with reduced vision. Local agencies may also offer services for people with vision loss.
It can be scary to find out that you have a vision problem that will get worse. It is common to have a range of emotions. But if you feel very sad or hopeless, talk to your doctor.
Learning about age-related macular degeneration (AMD):
Being diagnosed:
Getting treatment:
Ongoing concerns:
Living with AMD:
Vision loss from age-related macular degeneration is caused by damage to the light-detecting nerve cells in the macula. The cause of this damage to the nerve cells is unknown.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can cause these symptoms:
The symptoms of wet and dry AMD differ in two important ways:
About 9 out of 10 people with macular degeneration have the dry form. That means about 1 out of 10 have the wet form.2 A small percentage of people who have dry AMD eventually develop wet AMD.
Even though AMD may affect central vision, it doesn't cause complete blindness. And most people keep good side vision.
With dry age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD), the cells and blood vessels beneath the macula begin to thin and break down as they age.
When these cells and blood vessels stop working, the nerve cells in the macula that detect light can't work as well as they used to. As more and more of the nerve cells in the macula break down, vision loss very slowly gets worse.
You may have the disease for several years before it affects how you are able to read, drive, and do everyday activities. If you have AMD in only one eye, you may not notice minor vision changes, because your unaffected eye automatically makes up for vision problems in your other eye.
Wet AMD begins with the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula. These blood vessels break easily. They leak blood and fluid and cause scar tissue, all of which push against the macula. They change the macula's shape and cause it to send distorted images to your brain. Straight lines begin to appear wavy or curved, and objects may seem oddly shaped or smaller.
Scar tissue also cuts off the macula from the normal support cells that it needs in order to work. Nerve cells in the macula begin to die, causing a loss of central vision.
If not treated, the scar beneath the macula may continue to grow, affecting more and more of the nerve cells in the macula. Vision loss gets worse as more of the macula becomes involved. The entire macula may be destroyed by this process, resulting in a complete loss of central vision.
Treatment can sometimes delay or prevent further vision loss, but it cannot reverse vision loss that has already occurred.
With wet AMD, vision loss can happen fast—within months or even weeks. This can make it hard to adjust to the vision loss.
The main things that put you at risk (risk factors) for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) include:
Other risk factors for developing AMD may include:1
Call your doctor immediately if:
Your doctor will refer you to an eye doctor (ophthalmologist) if needed.
Call your doctor to discuss whether you need an eye exam if:
Watchful waiting means to take a wait-and-see approach.
Watchful waiting is not appropriate if you have rapid vision loss or sudden changes in your vision. If you have any rapid vision changes, see your doctor as soon as possible. Immediate treatment may be able to slow vision loss caused by wet AMD. Delaying treatment for wet AMD could mean further loss of central vision.
If you have mild, slow vision loss, such as that caused by dry age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD), watchful waiting is appropriate. There is no treatment for dry AMD. And you may never develop vision loss to the point that it disrupts your regular lifestyle.
AMD can usually be detected during a routine eye exam by your regular doctor or an eye care professional (optometrist or ophthalmologist).
An ophthalmologist who specializes in problems with the retina and macula can diagnose which type of AMD you have. Also, laser surgery and medicine injections for wet AMD are done by an ophthalmologist.
To prepare for your appointment, see the topic Making the Most of Your Appointment.
A doctor can usually detect age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with a regular eye exam. The doctor first will find out more about your symptoms, past eye problems, and other health conditions by asking you about your medical history.
The doctor will test your central vision with a visual acuity test. During this test, you cover one eye and read letters on a wall chart 20 ft (6.1 m) away. Central vision gets worse over time in a person with AMD, and a visual acuity test can measure whether your vision has gotten worse since your last exam. The doctor may also test your visual field, which includes both your central vision and side (peripheral) vision.
Your doctor will look inside your eye using ophthalmoscopy. If you have AMD, your doctor may see drusen, which appear as yellowish white spots under the retina. Although some small drusen can usually be found in the macula as a normal result of aging, the presence of numerous large drusen is associated with AMD.1
An Amsler grid test can detect wet AMD. If you have wet AMD, lines on the grid appear wavy or curved instead of straight, or you may see a blank spot or hole on part of the grid.
For more information on vision testing, see the topic Vision Tests.
If your doctor thinks that you may have wet AMD, you may also have a test called an eye angiogram or an optical coherence tomography (OCT) to find out if abnormal blood vessels are growing beneath the macula. The test can also locate leaky blood vessels under the macula and help your doctor find out if they can be treated.
If you have AMD and some loss of vision, your doctor may do a low-vision evaluation to help find ways for you to make the most of your remaining vision and keep your quality of life.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends that all people between 40 and 54 years of age have a comprehensive eye exam every 2 to 4 years to help detect AMD early. The following table summarizes the recommendations for comprehensive eye exams:3
Regular use of an Amsler grid can detect the progression of dry AMD to wet AMD. People who have dry AMD and those who have an increased risk for developing AMD should use the Amsler grid. Your doctor can give you one to use at home.
There is no cure for age-related macular degeneration, but certain treatments may delay vision loss.
Finding out that you have AMD can be very hard. Your doctor can refer you to counselors who specialize in helping people adjust to living with low vision.
Follow your doctor's advice for having regular exams and for watching the condition at home (such as using an Amsler grid), because dry AMD can sometimes develop into wet AMD.
Vitamins and diet changes may help slow vision loss. For more information, see Home Treatment.
Treatment for wet AMD can sometimes slow down or delay further damage to your central vision. But in most cases, growth of fragile new blood vessels in wet AMD starts again. And even repeated treatment is usually not effective over the long term in preventing some loss of central vision.
Treatments that may slow vision loss for a few people include:
Because wet AMD often causes rapid and severe loss of central vision, it is important not to delay treatment if your doctor recommends it.
You can't prevent age-related macular degeneration (AMD). But there are some steps you can take that may lower your risk of getting it.
Although there's no treatment that can cure age-related macular degeneration, there are steps you can take to keep it from getting worse. These steps may help prevent wet AMD if you already have the dry form:
People with AMD should check the vision in both eyes using an Amsler grid every day or as often as the doctor recommends. If any of the lines on the grid change or begin to appear wavy and curved, or if you notice that your vision is getting worse, call your doctor.
Reduced vision or vision loss from AMD can affect your life in many ways. How much it will affect you depends on your lifestyle and on how bad your vision loss is. Work with your doctor to find ways to make the best use of your remaining vision. There are things that you can do to adjust and keep your quality of life as much as possible.
It is normal to feel unhappy about your loss of vision. But if your feelings of sadness are severe or do not improve, you may develop depression, which requires treatment. If you need help in dealing with your feelings about AMD, talk to your doctor and to your family and friends. Your doctor can also refer you to a counselor who specializes in helping people adjust to living with limited vision.
Anti-VEGF medicines, such as bevacizumab (Avastin) and ranibizumab (Lucentis), can slow the vision loss that is linked to wet AMD. These medicines are injected into the eye.
Surgery doesn't cure wet AMD, but it can sometimes slow down or prevent further loss of central vision. Early surgery is vital to slowing down vision loss, which can be rapid.
But surgery is an option for less than one-fourth of people who have wet AMD.6 It is often hard to know in advance whether laser surgery will do more harm than good.
By the time many people are diagnosed with wet AMD, it is often too late for surgery to provide much benefit. Even with treatment, many people will still go on to lose more of their central vision.
Currently, surgery is not used to treat dry AMD. Laser surgery to remove deposits called drusen may slow vision loss in people with dry AMD, but experts think that it may increase the chance of developing wet AMD. Researchers are currently doing studies to see if this is an effective treatment.2
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used to treat wet AMD. It uses a light-sensitive dye to block abnormal blood vessels beneath the macula.
It can only be used in a few cases.6
Researchers are investigating tiny implants in the retina and other devices that replace damaged cells that capture light and send information to the brain. It likely will be several years before we know what role these devices will play in treating AMD. But promising results from early studies show that these devices may someday be used to restore lost vision.
EyeCare America is a public service program of the Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. This site aims to raise awareness about eye diseases and eye care. It has information about eye conditions, treatments, and general eye health. You can check to see if you qualify for a free eye exam.
The Macular Degeneration Foundation provides extensive online explanations about various aspects of macular degeneration. It also includes information about new research and treatments. The organization publishes an electronic newsletter called The Magnifier. Distributed free by e-mail, it includes news regarding clinical trials, recent reports in the media, and information about new resources available over the Internet.
The Macular Degeneration Partnership offers up-to-date information about macular degeneration. The organization also supports research and coordinates advocacy efforts.
The American Health Assistance Foundation (AHAF) is a nonprofit organization that funds research seeking cures for Alzheimer's disease, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. This Web site provides information about risk factors, symptoms, treatment options, and coping strategies for age-related macular degeneration.
As part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, the National Eye Institute provides information on eye diseases and vision research. Publications are available to the public at no charge. The Web site includes links to various information resources.
Citations American Academy of Ophthalmology (2008). Age-Related Macular Degeneration (Preferred Practice Pattern). San Francisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology. Available online: http://one.aao.org/CE/PracticeGuidelines/PPP_Content.aspx?cid=f413917a-8623-4746-b441-f817265eafb4. Arnold J, Heriot W (2007). AMD, search date March 2006. BMJ Clinical Evidence. Available online: http://www.clinicalevidence.com. American Academy of Ophthalmology (2010). Comprehensive Adult Medical Eye Evaluation (Preferred Practice Pattern). San Francisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology. Available online: http://one.aao.org/CE/PracticeGuidelines/PPP_Content.aspx?cid=64e9df91-dd10-4317-8142-6a87eee7f517. Cho E, et al. (2004). Prospective study of intake of fruits, vegetables, vitamins, and carotenoids and risk of age-related maculopathy. Archives of Ophthalmology, 122(6): 883–892. Seddon JM, et al. (2003). Progression of age-related macular degeneration: Association with body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio. Archives of Ophthalmology, 121(6): 785–792. Rosenfeld PJ, et al. (2009). Age-related macular degeneration. In M Yanoff et al., eds., Ophthalmology, 3rd ed., pp. 658–673. Edinburgh: Mosby Elsevier. Other Works Consulted American Academy of Ophthalmology (2007). Vision Rehabilitation for Adults (Preferred Practice Pattern). San Francisco: American Academy of Ophthalmology. Available online: http://one.aao.org/CE/PracticeGuidelines/PPP.aspx. Despriet DG, et al. (2006). Complement factor H polymorphism, complement activators, and risk of age-related macular degeneration. JAMA, 296(3): 301–309.
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(PECL svm >= 0.1.0)
SVMModel::predict — Predict a value for previously unseen data
public float SVMModel::predict
( array $data
This function accepts an array of data and attempts to predict the class or regression value based on the model extracted from previously trained data.
- data
The array to be classified. This should be a series of key => value pairs in increasing key order, but not necessarily continuous.
Return Values
Float the predicted value. This will be a class label in the case of classification, a real value in the case of regression. Throws SVMException on error


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By: GameTrailers
the trailer for kof xii [13] arcade version. to be realeased in summer 2010 For more vids visit us here : http://www.youtube.com/user/Gamingterritorynorth?feature=mhw5
Views: 1,251 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: SuperNinja
KoF movie...why in the hell are they using the dark knight music? gotta admit..looks better then the legend of chun-li...but thats not saying much
Views: 40,054 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: Soda_Pop_36
Gamespot's short and to-the-point review of the newest edition in the KOF series.
Views: 2,332 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: GameTrailers
UPDATED: CUT CHARACTERS at the bottom. In this beta footage another stage can be seen. It have a certain Samurai Shodown 2 flavour, kinda like Cham Cham's stage. It was canned or maybe it will be avaliable as DLC? It looks finished and the images are from the beta arcade version. Why remove this stage when there's only 5? UPDATE: This data below is found in the KOFXII disk, showing some removed characters, bosses, etc .data:827B0660 # elisabeth .data:827B0664 .long aDuolon_0 # duolon .data:827B0668 .long aShen_0 # shen .data:827B066C .long aKyo_0 # kyo .data:827B0670 .long aBenimaru_0 # benimaru .data:827B0674 .long aDaimon # daimon .data:827B0678 .long aIori_0 # iori .data:827B067C .long aMature_0 # mature .data:827B0680 .long aVice_0 # vice .data:827B0684 .long aTerry_0 # terry .data:827B0688 .long aAndy_0 # andy .data:827B068C .long aJoe_0 # joe .data:827B0690 .long aAthena_0 # athena .data:827B0694 .long aKensou_0 # kensou .data:827B0698 .long aChin_0 # chin .data:827B069C .lo...
Views: 11,348 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: psibukLaos
LOL...Glitch only works for Elisabeth. Execute Raiden's super move to trigger the handcuff glitch *Credit goes to EscapingJa1l link:[url]http://www.1up.com/do/gameOverview?cId=3171094[/url]
Views: 718 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: D2Girlz
Another great casual match. Cant wait for this!!!
Views: 677 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: GVvideos
Ignition Director of New Business Development, Shane Bettenhausen, chatted with us at their recent New York press event. We got to hear about some of the updates to the King of Fighters series, including the new look, updated characters, and a slew of online features.Check out http://www.gamervision.com/ for more gaming videos, news, previews and reviews.
Views: 636 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: GameTrailers
"King of Fighters" is back, and looking better than ever on the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. With 40 fighters, online gameplay, and system exclusive modes "KoFXII" is a shaping up as a solid package, courtesy of SNK and Ignition Entertainment. Fans of franchise will be very happy with the finished product when it hits stores this July. Check out what Unit was able to find out about the game while on the floor at this year's E3, at Ignition's booth. For more videos check out TrueGameHeadz.com
Views: 924 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: VRgames123
An unbiased comparison between Street Fighter (USA Cartoon) and Street Fighter the Animated Movie (Japan). Made by this user. [url]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZEKYEe09NQ[/url]
Views: 2,444 | Posted: 05/25/2011
By: GameTrailers
Combo videos for Kyo, Benimaru, and Daimon.
Views: 9,893 | Posted: 05/25/2011
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Release Date: 12/17/2013
Pummel your way through floor upon floor of goons to ascend the towers of this corrupt city.
Release Date: 12/17/2013
Release Date: 12/17/2013
Mine and build by day! Survive by night! Minecraft asks you to take on a randomly generated world and all of its...
Release Date: 12/24/2013
Halo comes to Windows Phone 8 with an all-new adventure.
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Using real objects and the 3DS camera, Chib-Robo comes to life in this new adventure found on Nintendo's eshop.
Release Date: 01/14/2014
Follow Aveline de Grandpré through 18th Century New Orleans in Assassin's Creed III: Liberation.
Release Date: 01/14/2014
Xbox 360, PC
Release Date: 01/15/2014
Follow Aveline de Grandpré through 18th Century New Orleans in Assassin's Creed III: Liberation.


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This full website whois and analysis report on Texasperformingarts.org was ran on December, 12, 2013.
We include detailed information like the server IP Address which is 220.127.116.11. Texasperformingarts.org resides at University of Texas at Austin in Austin, TX, United States.
The official title of Texasperformingarts.org is: Texas Performing Arts
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Hello there!
I'm elycia from the blog ♥elycia and today I'm here visiting One Sheepish Girl while my friend Meredith is off enjoying herself in Europe. Can I just say that I am super jealous of Meredith's trip and wish that I had figured out how to smuggle myself into her luggage? Ok, now that that is out of the way let's get down to business. Meredith is always sharing so many adorable yarn projects that I thought I would show you something else to do with yarn...restyle a lampshade!
This project was inspired by a vintage lamp that I spotted one day while I was getting my browse on. It is a super simple project that requires only a lamp shade (duh), yarn (double duh), scissors and not much explanation. I used four colours of yarn in a random pattern but you could use just one or even multiple colours but arranged in a colour blocked pattern.
To start wrapping your yarn, secure it on the inside of your lampshade with a few knots. Here are a few in progress shots to show you what my shade looked like as I added more colours.
Once you have completely covered your shade, stick it on the lamp base of your choice, put a ceramic kitty beside it (optional) and enjoy!I hope you fellow yarn lovers enjoyed this idea! Let me know if you try it out yourself!
Congratulations on your graduation Meredith and I know that you are enjoying your well deserved vacation!
*Thank you so much for sharing this project Elycia! I have a lampshade waiting for me at home that will soon be covered with yarn. ;)