text:
Applications that run on the 6000L/Sharp ROM
From OESF
roc4tbo This is a WIP (work in progress) to document the working applications on 6000L. This excellent page probably would be better if could be broken down as the C3000 Customisation Guide.
Most of the packages in the Cacko feed work on 6000L and seems to be current. Another good resource is Meanie's tutorial, though written specifically for 3x00, most of the packages listed there work on 6000L since it was written for Cacko. In addition, a number of 6000L users also provides their own feeds {...help needed here....} Moreover, basically most sharp rom applications that run on the 5x00 will run on the 6000L. You can find the description and screenshots of the packages on ELSI, Handheld Linux Software Index, ZSI2, or ZSI. The last resort will be google for zaurus ipk or the exact package name. However, this may lead to incompatiable packages for the other roms or even familiar.
Below is a partial list of what will run on the 6000L using the Sharp ROM
- [SD] means you can install it entirely on your SD card
- [main] means it has to be installed in the internal flash
- are programs that have impressed me
- SD cards are recommended for storage
- CF cards are recommended for devices (modem, network card, etc, as a Secure Digital version of those devices and drivers are not easy to find
- caution: running out of space, ie, on /home - can yield things like "bus error" + a message that files could not be extracted. You should have at least 2MB internal flash.
- familiar, openzaurus (ports wrapped in ar, see FAQ)), or pdaX packages and feeds can not be used due to compatibility issue. Those packages won't show up in the GUI package Add/Remove program.
- Qtopia applications tend to try to search the entire Z to see what it can read. At times it may appear that your Z is frozen, when in fact, it's simply still searching. You can click individual package in the Files tab to install seperately.
- Alternatively, you can use command line ipkg tool to install packages. Some packages require a restart of Qtopia after installation.
ipkg install -d [destination, i.e. sd,cf,or cf2, defaul: main] package_name
- package information is stored in /usr/lib/ipkg/status
- you can verify where a package installs its files by viewing /usr/lib/ipkg/info/*
Contents |
- [SD] CKeyboard_1.05_all.ipk (chinese language keyboard) reboot to take effect
my efonts are in /mnt/card/fonts (in case the Z crashes, I still have the fonts) ckeyboard installs /opt/QtPalmtop/lib/fonts/taipei_100_50_t10.qpf and /opt/QtPalmtop/lib/fonts/taipei_120_50_t10.qpf remove those 2 fonts, and symlink the following: ln -s /mnt/card/fonts/efont_120_50_t10.qpf /opt/QtPalmtop/lib/fonts/taipei_120_50_t10.qpf ln -s /mnt/card/fonts/efont_160_50_t10.qpf /opt/QtPalmtop/lib/fonts/taipei_160_50_t10.qpf ln -s /mnt/card/fonts/efont_240_50_t10.qpf /opt/QtPalmtop/lib/fonts/taipei_240_50_t10.qpf source: http://www.oesf.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=9592&hl=ckeyboard
- [main] murphytalk.pinyin_0.03_arm.ipk (chinese language keyboard)
it uses efonts by default. Since the symlink was for taipei fonts, it won't find efonts. edit /home/etc/murphytalk.conf, replace "efont" with "taipei". reboot to take effect
- [SD] DMBlogger (rss feeds) [1]
requires the following packages (install in this order) [SD] libcrypt_0.9.6k-1_arm.ipk [SD] ruby_1.8.0-1_arm.ipk (ruby) [SD] ruby-qte_0.5.2_arm.ipk [SD] ymxml_0.4.9-1_arm.ipk [SD] rbuconv_0.1.2-1_arm.ipk [SD] dmblogger_1.4.2-1_arm.ipk see also: http://www.oesf.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=13211&hl=dmblogger (install gui.zip contents in /home/QtPalmtop/bin/dmblogger/gui)
- [SD] efax_0.9a.2_arm.ipk (command line fax pgm) [2]
[main] zfax_0.9.6_arm.ipk (GUI front end) [3]
- [main] filelaunch-en_0.4.5-0.1_arm.ipk (file manager)
- [SD] fxconv_0.2.9-1_arm.ipk (currency converter)
(may need fxdata-root_0.2.ipk). I use the internet to grab the new rates, and store it on the sd card Settings, Data files, /mnt/card/Documents/ (xrates.ecb, xrates.ubc. condes.en) Settings, Select currencies, USD, JPY, HKD, CNY, EUR Settings, Select ECB and UBC tables
- [SD] jeode_1.10.7_arm.ipk (java)
- [SD] jlpt_arm.ipk (Japanese Language Proficiency Test [4]
[SD] requires: http://java.sun.com/developer/earlyAccess/pp4zaurus/ (thanks HexGhost) modify the /mnt/card/QtPalmtop/bin/run_jlpt replace the evm line with /mnt/card/QtPalmtop/j2me/bin/cvm -XappName=$0 -jar $INSTALLDIR/java/nihongo.jar (not sure on which font it uses yet)
- [SD] jsolun_zaurus_120b.tar (pocket planetarium) [5]
requires jeode-1.10.7 open the .tar file, and use the jsolun_1.20b_arm.ipk inside in /home/QtPalmtop/apps/joede/jsolun.desktop add the following line: Display=480x64/144dpi,640x480/144dpi, uncheck magnified screen
- [main] kani_1.3_arm.ipk (Kanji (Nirvana) learning/reference tool) uncheck magnify
Instructions on how to use it is here
- [main] kismet_3.0.1c-20031228_arm.ipk (wireless sniffer)
copy libstdc++-3-libc6.1-2-2.10.0.so to /usr/lib chmod 777 libstdc++-3-libc6.1-2-2.10.0.so ln -s /usr/lib/libstdc++-3-libc6.1-2-2.10.0.so /usr/lib/libstdc++-libc6.1-2.so.3 requires [main] libpcap0_0.7.2_arm.ipk install [main] kismet-qt_2.0.0_arm.ipk root privel, not magnified (kismet frontend) root vi /home/root/usr/local/etc/kismet.conf enable=prism2,wlan0,prism2source and gps=false wiresless network: war-walk, any, ad-hoc (10.1.0.2, 255.0.0.0, 10.1.0.1 DNS 10.1.0.1 Sharp3x-prism2, disable logging source: How to run Kismet on the SL-6000L note: the latest version of kismet-2005-07-R1 is slightly different vi /home/root/use/local/etc/kismet.conf (suiduser=zaurus, source=wlanng,wlan0,prism2source) I also use logtemplate=/mnt/card/%n-%d-%i.%l so I don't run out of room. you will need to run uclx -d on /usr/local/bin/kismet_server and kismet_client if you have bus errors alternatively set UCL=/mnt/card/temp/ for more room
- [SD] kphone-pi_1.0.0_arm.ipk (VoIP)
requires [main] openssl-0.9.7a_0.9.7a_arm.ipk and zlib_1.1.4_arm.ipk read this thread kphone thread for details don't forget to get a decent headphone/mic (try FWD as a service) This document will be helpful as well as this one [6] config info is stored in: /home/zaurus/kdepims/config/kphonerc
- [SD] nfdb_latest_arm.ipk (nutrition database) uncheck magnify [7]
if it complains about not being able to open the database, go in /home/QtPalmtop/pics/nfdb rename FOODS.db to FOODS.db.gz, gunzip it and it should be able to now read it
- [SD] opie-sh_0.5.1-20020527_arm.ipk opie-sh
note: zflite-gui_0.1_arm.zip requires this which is used with flite_arm_bin.tar.gz (festival replacement)
- [SD] petittrack_1.2.0_arm.ipk (satellite tracking)
be sure to download the respective 2 line elements register here to get a signon and download this windows application to automatically get the newest data downloaded rename one of the .txt files and place it in /home/zaurus/Documents/nasatle.txt
- PC Link settings:
Connection: USB - TCP/IP (advanced) use the same ip Network settings are stored in /home/zaurus/Applications/Network/modules
- [SD] portabase_1.9_arm.ipk (database)
- [SD] qpdf2_freetype-2.2.1-20040217_arm.ipk (PDF Viewer) uncheck magnify
- [SD] processmanager_1.1_arm.ipk (manage processes) [8]
- [SD] qpegps_0.9.2.3_arm.ipk [9]
[SD] qpegps_0.9.2.3_maps_arm.ipk [SD] getmaps_0.30_arm.ipk (used to download maps) [10] [11]
- [main] qpzidian_0.1_arm.ipk (chinese dictionary) [12]
definitions (Big5 == Taiwain, Hong Kong GB = China)
- [SD] stageone_3.3.11_arm.ipk (outline program) $
changed the defaults for files to be stored on a directory on my SD card
- [SD] treeexplorer_1.7.5_arm.ipk (similar to windows explorer)
select (V), Language, English. Also, allow to execute with root privel
- [SD] zbedic_0.9.6-0_arm.ipk (dictionary, translate words)
various dictionaries are available in lots of languages preferences, search for dictionaries (my dictionaries reside on my SD card. Keep them in the .dz format)
- [SD] zword_0.5_arm.ipk world solver [13]
[main] zword-thesaurus_arm.ipk optional thesaurus
- zten_1.6.2_arm.ipk (fpwing format dictionary reader) Thanks Tomoe! [14]
kakasi_2.3.4-2_arm.ipk (dependency) fpwing formatted dictionaries wordnet 2.0 (wn20t02.lzh) cia fact book (wfb0401.lzh) english <-> japanese (ed0503m1.zip) [15] (note: ebutils can be used to compress the dictionaries) Thanks Wallabee! [16]
- [main] irssi-text_0.8.4-3_arm.ipk (irc client) [17]
In spite of the main memory requirements, it's the best IRC client I've found so far. Requires:
Perl [main] libperl_5.6.1_arm.ipk [main] libglib_1.2.0_arm.ipk [main] libncurses_5.0_arm.ipk [main] perl_5.6.1_arm.ipk [18]
- [main] mc-german_0.3_arm.ipk (smallest ipk of midnight commander filemanager I've found)
root vi /home/QtPalmtop/bin/midc,insert "mc -a", chmod 755 midc function keys: CANCEL Fn #
- [main] ntpdate_4.2.0_arm.ipk (synchronize time) [19]
- [SD] qkonsole_0.9.3-20040205_arm.ipk (console) uncheck magnify, view->command list->hide, view->tabs->hide, fonts->fixed->12, click on the 4 arrows for full screen mode
- [SD] qpe-terminal-vga_1.5.0-3 (console) font size 12, color, white on black
- [SD] Compiling_on_the_6000L zgcc gnu compiler suite 2.95.2
- [SD] cloverpaint_1.04_arm.ipk (paint program) [20]
- [main] FBReader_0.6.3_arm.ipk (ebook reader) [21]
requires [SD] expat_1.95.8_arm.ipk [SD] libenca_1.7_arm.ipk
- [main] kino2_0.4.2_arm.ipk (front end for mplayer) post bug reports [22]
I also use it for streaming radio stations to do this, edit /home/zaurus/Settings/kino2.conf url_history= http://126.96.36.199:8052 SmoothJ http://184.108.40.206:8004 MostlyC http://184.108.40.206:7732 S70s http://220.127.116.11:7712 S80s http://18.104.22.168:7702 SJazz http://220.127.116.11:8154 SNewAge http://184.108.40.206:8016 KCRW http://220.127.116.11:8220 7080s For fun, try this: File => Preferences => Advanced options -really-quiet -framedrop -cache 512 -vo fbdev -fbmode qvga -vm -vop rotate=1 Under video, nothing should be checked.
- [SD] mplayer-w100_1.1.0-1_arm.ipk (console based media player) [23] [24]
should be able to play just about anything (including m4a). (see kino2) bvdd versions are C3000 specific and not for the 6000
- [SD] mplayer-bvdd_1.1.5-1_arm.ipk(yes, it does run! - I use this with kino2 to handle m4a) [25]
- [SD] musicplayer-C3000_2.0.0_arm.ipk (replaces media player) installed this for the fun of it. The C3000 folks have nicer toys (unfortunately it doesn't do m4a) [26]
- [SD] opie-reader_0.7h_arm.ipk (excellent ebook reader)
Be sure to visit the author's homepage for where to get ebooks. fictionwise seems ok. Palm DOC (PDB) and chm files work fine. A version that supports flite is here and some hints can be found here To stop it from reading, just press the red circle. When the dialog comes up, don't press ok, but simply x out
- [SD] petitepeinture_1.1-1_arm.ipk (paint program)
- [SD] tkcvox-c7xx_2.0-031108_arm.ipk (record voice in a compressed format) $
- [main] vlcplay_0.8.2_arm.ipk (vlc) uncheck magnify (courtesy of chrget)
added audio/m4a m4a to /opt/Qtopia/etc/mime.types (to handle m4a file types) chrget set up a webcam with an audio/video H.264 feed at firstname.lastname@example.com on his end for testing. Half of the stream traffic was audio (can go as low as 1-2kBytes/s if pure video) The display side parameters that worked were: vlc -V fb --filter transform --transform 270 http://webaddress-you-want note: be sure it's the right version (md5sum vlc) 6885d4453e654f5c4707708c8e2a6e42 It's important that the version matches both sender and receiver
- [SD] zplayer_0.1.0_arm.ipk (front end for mplayer) [27]
screen refresh works great when exiting. can save playlists. tools-> configuration-> mplayer -> use additional options: -really-quiet -framedrop -cache 512 -vo fbdev -fbmode qvga -vm -vop rotate=1 make sure that it knows where mplayer is located
- [SD] backgammon_0.9.8_arm.ipk (game)
- [main] barrage_1.0.2_arm.ipk (game) prior to starting, change to LANDSCAPE mode [28]
- [SD] bustem-demo_1.2.zip (arkanoid on steroids) requires eon-libflac_1.0_arm.ipk + eonconfig_1.3_arm.ipk (included) [29] $
- [SD] froot_0.7.1_arm.ipk (game)
- [SD] kpacman_0.3.1-0.1_arm.ipk (game)
requires kpacman.conf [30] (place in /home/root/Settings/kpackman.conf)
- [main] lgeneral_1.2beta-2_arm.ipk (game) prior to starting, change to LANDSCAPE mode [31]
- [SD] poker_1.0.0_arm.ipk (game) $
- [SD] qpe-mightycharms_1.2_arm.ipk (game) ($)
- [SD] qpe-wordgame_1.5.0-1_arm_480x640.ipk (scrabble clone) [32]
mico-unicodefonts-helvetica_1.5.0-1_arm.ipk optional fonts if you need them
- [SD] sokoban_1.3.8ern_arm.ipk game
- [SD] strategic-assault_1.8.6_arm.ipk shoot em up game [33] $
[SD] also available: Forest Fire Expansion Pack $ requires libSDL_1.2.6-zports-5_arm.ipk and libSDL-mixer_1.2.5cvs-1_arm.ipk (sound) libSDL_1.2.6-zports-5 detects the 6000L correctly.
- [SD] zknights-px_0.6.1-1_arm.ipk (chess engine front end) [34]
- [SD] zmahjongg_1.01_arm.ipk (mahjongg games) uncheck magnify [35] [36]
- [SD] zsolitaire_1.02_arm.ipk (solitaire games) uncheck magnify [37]
- add "export SDL_QT_INVERT_ROTATION=1" to your /home/QtPalmtop/qpe.sh (this will correct the reverse key issue)
- Be aware that doing this will affect all of the game emulator settings!
- Game Emulator (install in this order)
[SD] libSDL_1.2.6-zports-5_arm.ipk (library) [SD] zlib_1.1.4_arm.ipk (library) [SD] zemufe_0.1.1-3ex_arm.ipk (front end) remove display with magnified screen, point to my game roms on my SD card [SD] znester_7.1-1_arm.ipk (nes emulator) create a /home/zaurus/.znester/znester.rc [38]
bind esc quit bind up +up bind q +up bind down +down bind shift +down bind left +left bind tab +left bind right +right bind a +right bind x +a bind z +b bind l +a bind k +b bind enter +start bind j +start bind space +select bind h +select bind penup +up bind penright +right bind pendown +down bind penleft +left bind pencenterright +a bind pencenterleft +b bind 1 "diskside 1" bind 2 "diskside 2" bind 3 "diskside 3" bind 4 "diskside 4" bind 7 savestate bind 8 decsaveslot bind 9 incsaveslot bind 0 loadstate bind r reset set grabinput true
- [SD] snes9x_SDL-3_arm.ipk
- [SD] qpose-bin_3.5-0.2-1_arm.ipk (palm emulator)
requires [SD] qpose-data_3.5-0.2-2_arm.ipk and a ROM image to work (runs like a slow palm) [39]
X11 on Qtopia
xqt installs fine, without a hitch. There should be no problem installing anything that's on the xqt project.
(required in this order) 1. 3.5MB [SD] xqt-fonts-misc 2. 379.3KB [SD] xqt-server 3. 182.8KB [main]glibc-locale 4. 70.3KB [main]xbase-etc 5. 1.6MB [main] xlibs 6. 1.1KB [main] xqt-startup-script 8. 1.3MB [SD] xbase-client
(select one) 269.5KB [SD] blackbox_0.65.0.1_arm.ipk 866.3KB [SD] fluxbox_0.9.8-1_arm.ipk (much larger) Blackbox menus /opt/QtPalmtop/share/blackbox/menu
(optional) 65.1KB [SD] rxvt_18.104.22.168_arm.ipk terminal emulator 9.3KB [SD] xqtclip_0.0.1_arm.ipk share clipboard data between X and Qt. (text only)
To test X11, type "startx" without quotations in your qtopia terminal. You may also use the applications start x but you need to hold icon down until the extra menu displays and disable "display with magnified screen" option. Then it should work fine.
(xmms) 505.6KB [SD] xmms_1.2.9j-20040131-1_arm.ipk 16.8KB [SD] xmms-mad_0.5.6-1_arm.ipk 114.7KB [SD] libmad_0.15.1b-1_arm.ipk 623.6KB [SD] gtk_22.214.171.124_arm.ipk 7.4KB [SD] glib-additional_1.2.10-2_arm.ipk (at this point I stopped installing things needed for xmms, as I had decided that it wasn't worth doing just to play m4a files. A far more satisfying solution to playing m4a's is to use mplayer + kino2)
(XQt Debian)
To install the whole debian distro inside a chrooted XQt enviroment, please refere to the PocketWorkstation Wiki page. XQt Debian Wiki
Removing the Sharp ROM default applications
Opera is a default application on the 6K, and has files in /home/QtPalmtop/bin/opera, /usr/QtPalmtop.rom/bin/opera, /usr/QtPalmtop.rom/bin/opera, and other locations. If you attempt to remove the opera files in /usr/QtPalmtop.rom/bin, you'll get a message that the filesystem is read only. Enter the following as root:
mount -n -o remount,rw /
You can now safely remove those files. Remove things with caution! Next time you restart, however, the root directory will be mounted as read only again. You may be able to stuff in some command line binary, such as flite, and simlink it out to e.g. /usr/bin
Works in Progress
- Working with a microdrive Formating_A_Microdrive_For_Use_With_Cxx0_And_Windows_Simultaneously
- pinyininput_1.1.0_arm.ipk Chinese input method (keyboard)
- Special_Kernel_(by_Ced) Haven't tried this yet
X* zgnuboy_1.0.3-3_arm.ipk [41]
- [42]
- jlpt
- freenoteqt
- inkwp_0.1.1_arm.ipk.bin (scribble to text) (remove the .bin extension) [43]
- jlpt (java based japanese learning)
- frink
- python
- /etc/efax.rc
mkdir /var/spool/fax touch /var/log/fax.log /home/zaurus/.efaxrc (created by zfax) /home/zaurus/Documents/*.log (created by zfax)
/home/zaurus/Settings/ZFax.conf [filemanager] bookmarks = /usr/mnt.rom/card; listView=1
review /usr/lib; /usr/lib/perl; /usr/local/bin;
- gpsdrive
http://gpsdrive.kraftvoll.at/readme.shtml xqt feed testing GTK-+2.x (better >=2.2.x) pango atk pcre xdevel (X11 development) gettext libcrypt glibc gcc >=3.x
source: http://www.oesf.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=14007&hl=
Replace libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.6 (/mnt/card/QtPalmtop/lib) with guylhem's libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.7 in the fast kernel thread for 6000 then fix links for libSDL-1.2.so.0 and libSDL.so in /home/QtPalmtop/lib create a directory /mnt/card/QtPalmtop/lib with treeexplorerQT CODE assume you installed libSDL to the sd card su cp [/mnt/cf]/libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.7 /mnt/card/QtPalmtop/lib rm /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL.so rm /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0 rm /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.6 ln -s /mnt/card/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.7 /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.7 ln -s /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.7 /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0 ln -s /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL-1.2.so.0.0.7 /home/QtPalmtop/lib/libSDL.so
http://my-zaurus.narod.ru/cacko-jp-howto.html X*Japanese language support not good! Uninstalling removes your keyboard
- http://www.rr.iij4u.or.jp/~meman/ (terminal services?) auto switches to Landscape
http://odn.excite.co.jp/world/url/body/?wb_url=http://www.rr.iij4u.or.jp/~meman/&wb_submit=%83E%83F%83u%83y%81%5B%83W%96%7C%96%F3&wb_lp=JAEN&wb_dis=2 (main) libgcc_3.4.4-1_arm.ipk () openssl_0.9.8-gcc344-1_arm.ipk (SD) qtrdesktop_1.4.1-5_arm.ipk
- [SD] beiks-bdicty-reader_5.3.1_arm.ipk (dictionary reader) [44]
- [SD] zti85emu_0.73_arm.ipk TI85 Emulator
requires ti85rom.bin TI-85: [2nd][Mode][Alpha][S]


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text:
Treatments and drugs
By Mayo Clinic staffNumerous depression treatments are available. Medications and psychological counseling (psychotherapy) are very effective for most people.
In some cases, a primary care doctor can prescribe medications to relieve depression symptoms. However, many people need to see a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions (psychiatrist). Many people with depression also benefit from seeing a psychologist or other mental health counselor. Usually the most effective treatment for depression is a combination of medication and psychotherapy.
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- Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These medications include duloxetine (Cymbalta), venlafaxine (Effexor XR) and desvenlafaxine (Pristiq). Side effects are similar to those caused by SSRIs. These medications can cause increased sweating, dry mouth, fast heart rate and constipation.
- Norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs). Bupropion (Wellbutrin) falls into this category. It's one of the few antidepressants that doesn't cause sexual side effects. At high doses, bupropion may increase your risk of having seizures.
- Atypical antidepressants. These medications are called atypical because they don't fit neatly into another antidepressant category. They include trazodone (Oleptro) and mirtazapine (Remeron). Both of these antidepressants are sedating and are usually taken in the evening. In some cases, one of these medications is added to other antidepressants to help with sleep. The newest medication in this class of drugs is vilazodone (Viibryd). Vilazodone has a low risk of sexual side effects. The most common side effects associated with vilazodone are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and insomnia.
- Tricyclic antidepressants. These antidepressants have been used for years and are generally as effective as newer medications. But because they tend to have more numerous and more-severe side effects, a tricyclic antidepressant generally isn't prescribed unless you've tried an SSRI first without an improvement in your depression. Side effects can include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, fast heartbeat and confusion. Tricyclic antidepressants are also known to cause weight gain.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). MAOIs — such as tranylcypromine (Parnate) and phenelzine (Nardil) — are usually prescribed as a last resort, when other medications haven't worked. That's because MAOIs can have serious harmful side effects. They require a strict diet because of dangerous (or even deadly) interactions with foods, such as certain cheeses, pickles and wines, and some medications including decongestants. Selegiline (Emsam) is a newer MAOI that you stick on your skin as a patch rather than swallowing. It may cause fewer side effects than other MAOIs. These medications can't be combined with SSRIs.
- Other medication strategies. Your doctor may suggest other medications to treat your depression. These may include stimulants, mood-stabilizing medications, anti-anxiety medications or antipsychotic medications. In some cases, your doctor may recommend combining two or more antidepressants or other medications for better effect. This strategy is known as augmentation.
Finding the right medication
Everyone's different, so finding the right medication or medications for you will likely take some trial and error. This requires patience, as some medications need eight weeks or longer to take full effect and for side effects to ease as your body adjusts. If you have bothersome side effects, don't stop taking an antidepressant without talking to your doctor first. Some antidepressants can cause withdrawal symptoms unless you slowly taper off your dose, and quitting suddenly may cause a sudden worsening of depression. Don't give up until you find an antidepressant or medication that's suitable for you — you're likely to find one that works and that doesn't have intolerable side effects.
If antidepressant treatment doesn't seem to be working, your doctor may recommend a blood test to check for specific genes that affect how your body uses antidepressants. The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) genotyping test is one example of this type of exam. Genetic testing of this kind can help predict how well your body can or can't process (metabolize) a medication. This may help identify which antidepressant might be a good choice for you. These genetic tests may not be widely available, so they're an option only for people who have access to a clinic that offers them.
Antidepressants and pregnancy
If you're pregnant or breast-feeding, some antidepressants may pose an increased health risk to your unborn child or nursing child. Talk to your doctor if you become pregnant or are planning on becoming pregnant.
Antidepressants and increased suicide risk
Although most antidepressants are generally safe, be careful when taking them. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) now requires that all antidepressant medications carry black box warnings. These are the strictest warnings that the FDA can issue for prescription medications.
The antidepressant warnings note that in some cases, children, adolescents and young adults under 25 may have an increase in suicidal thoughts or behavior when taking antidepressants, especially in the first few weeks after starting an antidepressant or when the dose is changed. Because of this risk, people in these age groups must be closely monitored by loved ones, caregivers and health care providers while taking antidepressants. If you — or someone you know — have suicidal thoughts when taking an antidepressant, immediately contact your doctor or get emergency help.
Again, make sure you understand the risks of the various antidepressants. Working together, you and your doctor can explore options to get your depression symptoms under control.
Psychological counseling is another key depression treatment. Psychotherapy is a general term for a way of treating depression by talking about your condition and related issues with a mental health provider. Psychotherapy is also known as therapy, talk therapy, counseling or psychosocial therapy.
Through these talk sessions, you learn about the causes of depression so that you can better understand it. You also learn how to identify and make changes in unhealthy behavior or thoughts, explore relationships and experiences, find better ways to cope and solve problems, and set realistic goals for your life. Psychotherapy can help you regain a sense of happiness and control in your life and help ease depression symptoms such as hopelessness and anger. It may also help you adjust to a crisis or other current difficulty.
There are several types of psychotherapy that are effective for depression. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most commonly used therapies. This type of therapy helps you identify negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them with healthy, positive ones. It's based on the idea that your own thoughts — not other people or situations — determine how you feel or behave. Even if an unwanted situation doesn't change, you can change the way you think and behave in a positive way. Interpersonal therapy and psychodynamic psychotherapy are other types of counseling commonly used to treat depression.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
In ECT, electrical currents are passed through the brain. This procedure is thought to affect levels of neurotransmitters in your brain. Although many people are leery of ECT and its side effects, it typically offers immediate relief of even severe depression when other treatments don't work. It's unclear how this therapy relieves the signs and symptoms of depression. The most common side effect is confusion, which can last from a few minutes to several hours. Some people also have memory loss, which is usually temporary.
ECT is usually used for people who don't get better with medications and for those at high risk of suicide. ECT may be an option if you have severe depression when you're pregnant and can't take your regular medications. It can also be an effective treatment for older adults who have severe depression and can't take antidepressants for health reasons.
Hospitalization and residential treatment programs
In some people, depression is so severe that a hospital stay is needed. Inpatient hospitalization may be necessary if you aren't able to care for yourself properly or when you're in immediate danger of harming yourself or someone else. Getting psychiatric treatment at a hospital can help keep you calm and safe until your mood improves. Partial hospitalization or day treatment programs also are helpful for some people. These programs provide the support and counseling you need while you get symptoms under control.
Other treatments for depression
If standard depression treatment hasn't been effective, your psychiatrist may consider whether you might benefit from a less commonly used procedure, such as:
- Vagus nerve stimulation. This treatment uses electrical impulses with a surgically implanted pulse generator to affect mood centers of the brain. This may be an option if you have chronic, treatment-resistant depression.
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation. These treatments use powerful magnetic fields to alter brain activity. A large electromagnetic coil is held against your scalp near your forehead to produce an electrical current in your brain. Transcranial magnetic stimulation may be an option for those who haven't responded to antidepressants.
- Mood disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV-TR. 4th ed. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Association; 2000. http://www.psychiatryonline.com. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Depression. National Institute of Mental Health. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/complete-index.shtml. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Eisendrath SJ, et al. Psychiatric disorders. In: McPhee SJ, et al. Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2012. 51st ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012. http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=13381. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Depressive disorders. The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric_disorders/mood_disorders/depressive_disorders.html#top. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Krishnan R. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and neurobiology of depression. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Association. http://www.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Viibryd (prescribing information). St. Louis, Mo.: Forest Pharmaceuticals; 2011. http://www.frx.com/pi/viibryd_pi.pdf. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Lynch T, et al. The effect of cytochrome P450 metabolism on drug response, interactions, and adverse effects. American Family Physician. 2007;76:391.
- Katon W, et al. Initial treatment of depression in adults. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Nov. 28, 2011.
- Deligiannidis K, et al. Complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of depressive disorders in women. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2010;33: 441.


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Daniel Kraft 示範他的新發明 Marrow Miner -- 一個可以快速抽取骨髓而減少捐贈者痛楚的儀器. 他更指出,可利用成人幹細胞中的骨髓醫治許多病症,例如柏金遜症及心臟病。
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text: The core of the first Bolivia HDR is an analysis of the relationship between equity, competitiveness and institutions and the important role of a modern and proactive education. The Report also analyzes the condition for Human Development: population evolution and natural resources uses. Local development in these respects is the focus. Año: 1998 |


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Gene Lakin - Adjunct Associate Professor | ||
Gene LakinAdjunct Associate ProfessorFashion Design email@example.com (718) 636-3415 Brooklyn Campus Steuben Hall 2 |
Course Listing13/FA-AD-499-05 Independent Study 13/FA-AD-499-12 Independent Study 13/FA-FASD-107-03 Light Color and Design 14/SP-FASD-110-05 Fashion Studio I:Concepts and Criteria 13/FA-FASD-317-03 Fashion Design II 13/FA-FASD-317-04 Fashion Design II 14/SP-FASD-318-03 Fashion Design III 14/SP-FASD-318-04 Fashion Design III EducationM.F.A., Yale University BiographyGene has many years experience teaching and mentoring fashion design students. He teaches classes in fashion illustration and sketching as well as apparel design and presentation. Gene has taught a summer program in Johannesburg, South Africa in affiliation with Parsons The New School of Design fro multiple years; started the high school fashion studies program at Studio Place Arts in Barre, VT. Gene mentored the Pratt 2009 junior fashion design students for the CFDA and Geoffrey Beene scholarship competitions with one student winning an honorable mention. |


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India has shared so much of its wonderful culture with the rest of the world, so a visit to this diverse country is a chance to experience where it all began. India has so much to offer: from the beautiful landscapes of the Himalayas, to the amazing temples and coastlines, rich culture, not to mention the food!
Although India might be famous for it's flavours, often the wildlife is forgotten about. India is home to the Asian elephant, Bengal tiger and the Indian rhinoceros. It is also a hot spot for smaller beasts such as the praying mantis.
India's music scene is beautifully crafted, and the range is quite incredible. The range of folk music spreads across the country and it is also the genre which Bangra music falls into. This is possibly the most famous music to come out of the country. Although regions have their own style of music, there are types that bring the country together as a whole. The national anthem of "Jana Gana Mana" translates as "Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people".
New Delhi, the capital is a lively place and hosts many festivals throughout the year, including the idiosyncratic International Mango Festival - where over 500 different types of mangoes are found. Mangoes are only the start of the wonderful taste India has to offer. The blend of herbs, spices and other vegetables can create the aromas known all over the world. Across the country there are different assortments that are associated with each region. In the north, milk is the main ingredient which creates the wonderful bread, and the samosa is popular here. Deep in the south is where rice dictates the main proportion of a meal. Into the east you will find the places where popular Indian desserts are from. Finally, in the west of the country, rice and coconuts are just two of the ingredients that make their dishes so distinct.
Foremost a visit to India is probably best remember by the welcome you are likely to receive this combined with the seemingly endless variety is what brings travellers returning time and time again.
Wrapped around the Himalayan mountain range is the remarkable country of Nepal. It is the birthplace of the Buddha and is a land of legend and beauty. Within its narrow confines Nepal contains an utterly spectacular variety of culture and landscapes. Nepal has a stunning natural beauty and a simple charm.
Situated on the banks of the Bagmati River, Kathmandu is the hub of life in Nepal. A small medieval city, it is easy to get around on bicycles which can be hired very cheaply by the day or week. Worth visiting are Durbar Square, the Temple of the Living Goddess, the Royal Palace, Pashupatinath (Hindu Temple), Bodnath (Buddhist Stupa) and Swayambunath (Monkey Temple) - and all set against the magnificent Himalayan backdrop.
While many urban restaurants in the country have tables and chairs for meals, there's a chance to eat the traditional Nepalese way. Sit or squat on the floor as food is served. Eating is always done with the right hand, which is washed before and after each meal, while the left hand can only be used for holding cups. Try a traditional millet beer with your meal. The Tongba drink is an icon for the local Limbus people, and from the storing of the millet to the drinking of the beer can take 6 months, but the wait is worth it. Nepal is full of culture and this continues into the music scene. With a country of over 50 ethnicity's there is a wide variety of choice. The amazing Dolhori style of music is a rhythmatic style of conversation and with quick thinking, the song can carry on.
With traditional culture and diverse landscapes, this country has something for everyone, and added to the friendly atmosphere, it makes Nepal a memorable place to visit.
Border Information: If Joining in Delhi, enter India at Delhi Airport.
Group meeting at 18.00hrs.
After the group meeting there is the option of joining the group for dinner. Tonight we stay in a comfortable hotel.
Florence Inn
Ajmal Khan Road
Near Karol Bagh Metro Station
Opposite Puja Park
Karol Bagh
New Delhi-110005
Please note: There is a sister hotel in Delhi called the Hotel Florence. This is a different hotel a few blocks away. Please make sure you go to the Florence Inn.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
Experience the hustle and bustle of Delhi |
Included in tour |
New Delhi is the India's intriguing capital and is the country's third largest city. Perhaps the best way to get your bearings is by starting with a city tour of Delhi's many historic sites and buildings. The Lok Sabha (parliament building), President's Palace, India Gate and the Rajpath are a good place to start, impressive reminders of the splendour of the old British Indian Empire. Other sites of interest include Qutab Minar, a soaring tower and fine example of Afghan architecture and Humayan's tomb, an example of Mogul building style and allegedly a forerunner of the Taj Mahal. If you have the time, you may also want to consider visiting the magnificent Red Fort and Jama Masjid, the largest mosque in India.
Bustling and lively Delhi is also a great place to indulge in shopping and people watching. In the old town you'll find Chandni Chowk, a colourful shopping bazaar and fascinating market. The market is one of the most popular in India, taking it's name from the words meaning "moonlight square". Finally, if you're interested in learning more about India's history, The Gandhi Museum is an absolute must, dedicated to the life and work of Mahatma Ghandi.
Leaving the hustle and bustle of Delhi behind us we have a 450kms journey to Amritsar. Whilst in Amritsar we will visit the iconic Golden Temple and have free time to explore. We will be camping both nights at a guesthouse in Amritsar with rooms available to upgrade.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
Visit to the Sikh Golden Temple of Amritsar |
Included in tour |
Amritsar is a truly wonderful city in the north east of India. The cities most famouns site is the Golden Temple of Amritsar. It is the centre of the Sikh religion and is an incredibly beautiful sight. On a visit to the temple complex we should get the opportunity to learn something of the religion and are sure to be made to feel welcome.
Today we head up into the magical Himalayas to the spiritual town of Dharamsala. Whilst is Dharamsala we will visit the Dali Lamas temple and explore the surrounding area. We will stay both nights in a comfortable hotel.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
Visit the Namgyal Monastery in Dharamsala, the personal monastery of the Dalai Lama |
Included in tour |
Various walks & activities on offer in Dharamsala |
Dharamsala is best known as the home of the Dalai Lama. An old hill station on the Dalaudar stretch of the Himalaya, the town is in two parts: Dharamsala and Mc Leod Ganj.
The Tsuglagkhang complex is south of Mc Leod Ganj which comprises of the offical residence of the Dalai Lama as well as the Namgyal Gompa, Tibet Museum and the most important Buddhist monument, the Tsuglagkhang (Central Chapel). The Tsuglakhang is the exiles equivalnet of the Jokang Temple in Lhasa.
From Dharamsala we continue our journey in the Himalayas to the town Shimla approx 250kms away. Shimla offers an array of nature walks and you will have the option to visit the Viceregal Lodge and Christ Church. We stay both nights in a comfortable hotel.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
2 nights to explore the stunning surroundings of Shimla |
Included in tour |
Visit to the Viceregal Lodge, Shimla (now the institute of advanced studies) |
Visit to the Christ Church in Shimla, reputed to be the second oldest church in northern India |
Shimla was once aprt of the Nepali Kingdom derives its name from Goddess Shyamala, an incarnation of Goddess Kali, the deity of power and wrath. However, despite it's name, Simla is a perfect heaven for ones in search of tranquility. Shimla was very undiscovered by visitors until the British in 1819. It was initially just a summer resort but due to its popularity Shimla became the summer capital of the Raj in 1864. Shimla is the archetypal hill station full of colonial charm where a visit to the Viceregal Lodge of the Christ Church is recommended.
The Viceregal Lodge is a majestic structure ringed by tall pines. It was built in 1888 as the residence of Viceroy Lord Dufferin. Now called Rashtrapati Niwas, the Lodge houses the Indian Institute of Advanced Study (IIAS).
The most prominent building on the Mall is the yellow Christ Church, reputed to be the second oldest church in northern India. The church's clock was donated by Colonel Dumbleton in 1860, and the porch added in 1873. In Shimla's 75 years of reigning as summer capital, a long line of officials and other notables of the Raj came to the church for their Sunday prayers. The seasonal influx would be so great at times that space would pose a big problem. More than half a century has slipped by since the last Viceroy of India has prayed here, but nothing much seems to have changed in Christ Church. It still has those lovely stained glass windows for which it is so famed.
Leaving Shimla we journey day of approx. 270km to our en route wild camp.
Heading even further away from the towns of the Himalayas we now head 270km to the one of the many beautiful national parks in the area, Corbett NP. We will stay at Corbett for 2 nights. We will camp both nights in the Park at one of the lodges.
Corbett NP remains closed between June 16 and November 14, when the monsoons flood the river beds and cuts fragile road links. For departures during this time we will visit Nanital instead.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
2 nights in Corbett National Park |
Included in tour |
Today we will take a half-day jeep safari around the park in search of tigers. You will also have the time for an optional nature walk or elephant trek.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
Half-day jeep safari in Corbett National Park |
Included in tour |
Nature walks & Elephant rides in Corbett National Park |
Border Information: Exit India at Banbassa, enter Nepal at Mahendranagar.
Today we leave India behind us and enter Nepal for the Royal Bardia National Park. We will stay at Royal Bardia for 2 nights. We will camp both nights in the park at one of the lodges.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
2 nights at the Royal Bardia National Park |
Included in tour |
Royal Bardia National Park is the largest park in the lowland Terai covering an area of 968 sq. km. The park situated in Nepal's Western Terai was established to protect representative ecosystems and conserve tiger and its prey species. Initially, a small area was gazetted as the Royal Karnali Wildlife Reserve in 1976. When this area was protected, approximately 1500 people of the Babai valley were resettled outside the park allowing the vegetation and wildlife to flourish. In 1982, it was renamed as Royal Bardia Wildlife Reserve, and in 1984 it was extended to its current size. The reserve was given the status of a National Park in 1988.
Today we will take a half-day jeep safari around the park in search of tiger. You will also have the time for an optional forest walk or elephant trek.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
Half-day jeep safari in Royal Bardia National park |
Included in tour |
Forest walks & Elephant treks in Royal Bardia National Park |
Today is a full journey day with villages and points of interest along the way. Tonight will be spent at a local hotel en-route. Depending on road conditions this night stop may be in Pokhara.
Our journey today is about 150kms and brings us to one of the most beautiful places in Nepal, Pokhara. The backdrop to Pokhara is one of the most stunning in the world. We have free time in Pokhara for the numerous activities on offer or you can simply kick back, relax and take a boat trip on the lake. We will be staying in rooms in a resort just one minute walk away from the lake Phewa.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
2 nights to relax by the beautiful Phewa lake in Pokhara |
Included in tour |
Trek to Sarangkot, Pokhara |
Take a boat on Phewa Lake, Pokhara |
Set in the Himalyan foothills Pokhara is one of the most picturesque towns in Nepal, set on the edge of Lake Phewa, with a spectacular backdrop of the snow-capped peaks of the Annapurna Massif.
Arriving late in the afternoon into Kathmandu we check into a good quality hotel. Tonight we will have a group meal in one of the many restaurants on offer in Kathmandu.
Activity | Approximate Cost |
Time to explore the sights of Kathmandu |
Included in tour |
Situated on the banks of the Bagmati River, Kathmandu is the hub of life in Nepal. A small medieval city, it is easy to get around on bicycles which can be hired very cheaply by the day or week. Worth visiting are Durbar Square, the Temple of the Living Goddess, the Royal Palace, Pashupatinath (Hindu Temple), Bodnath (Buddhist Stupa) and Swayambunath (Monkey Temple) - and all set against the magnificent Himalayan backdrop. The wonderful Indra Jatra Festival takes part here and the colours and chariots travel through the city.
The giant of Mount Everest lies on the border with China and with a chance to visit the base camp, it will feel like you have started to conquer on of the most enthralling challenges in the world. As soon as you set sight on this country you'll see that it was made for trekking. The pulse raising activities range from mountain biking and white water rafting, to the jaw dropping effects of one of the country's many national parks.
While many urban restaurants in the country have tables and chairs for meals, there's a chance to eat the traditional Nepalese way. Sit or squat on the floor as food is served. Eating is always done with the right hand, which is washed before and after each meal, while the left hand can only be used for holding cups. Try a traditional millet beer with your meal. The Tongba drink is an icon for the local Limbus people, and from the storing of the millet to the drinking of the beer can take 6 months, but the wait is worth it. Nepal is full of culture and this continues into the music scene. With a country of over 50 ethnicity's there is a wide variety of choice. The amazing Dolhori style of music is a rhythmatic style of conversation and with quick thinking, the song can carry on.
With traditional culture and diverse landscapes, this country has something for everyone, and added to the friendly atmosphere, it makes Nepal a memorable place to visit.
Kathmandu is not only the capital of Nepal, it is pretty much the only city in the country. Situated on the shores of the Bagmati river, it's a lively, bustling place where ancient collides with modern to create an exhilarating melting pot of sights, sounds and smells. Todays modern jumble of concrete buildings and busy streets has built up around the medieval old town, where wandering through the winding alleyways is like taking a step back in time. The heart of the old city is the magnificent Durbar Square, where Nepalese Royalty used to be crowned, and today it's a good spot to sit and watch the world go by. The buildings here date from the 17th and 18th centuries, although many of the original structures were even older and many suffered from earthquake damage in the 1930's. Other sights worth visiting are the Temple of the Living Goddess, the Royal Palace, the Pashupatinath Hindu temple, Bodnath Buddhist stupa and Swayambunath (the Monkey Temple), all of which are set against the magnificent Himalayan backdrop. When all the sightseeing gets a bit to much, you can kick back and relax in the numerous cafes and bars around the tourist areas of Thamel and 'Freak Street'. If you can afford the time, it's also worth allowing yourself at least a couple of days to explore the surrounding area of the Kathmandu Valley.
Border Information: If finishing in Kathmandu, exit Nepal at Kathmandu Airport.
Free time to explore Kathmandu
Activity | Approximate Cost |
Trekking & rafting, Kathmandu |
We intend following the planned route but exact night stops cannot be guaranteed. It sometimes happens that we decide to make a change to our basic planned itinerary. This may be for a variety of reasons - climatic, road or bureaucratic conditions may demand it. By their very nature overland itineraries need to be flexible and the regions that we are travelling through are often unpredictable. We run adventure journeys in off the beaten track areas, often in areas without western infrastructure. You should expect that some these areas do not adhere to western safety standards.
Corbett National Park remains closed between June 16 and November 14, when the monsoons flood the river beds and cuts fragile road links. For departures during this time we will visit Nanital instead.
Physical preparation for Asia Itineraries
In Asia you will need to be healthy enough to cope with extremes of climates from the hot deserts through to the colds of the high mountains. Overland travelling can be demanding - long, rough travel days, dusty conditions can be challenging to some. You will need to be fit enough to help every day with the camp chores (cooking, washing up, general camp set up) as well as putting up and taking down your own tent. There are some long driving days and some early morning starts. The step up into the overland vehicle, while not overly high can become tiring and you need to judge yourself to be physically fit enough to haul yourself up and down the step at least 8-10 times a day. By and large our Asia trips have a good range of hotel accommodation mixed up with camping so that life is not too rough.
Most countries we visit on our travels will require visas. Some are best obtained before you leave home and others can be obtained en-route. Whilst the ultimate responsibility for obtaining visas is yours, we will endeavour to assist you wherever possible.
The visa requirements for your trip vary depending on where you are from and where you are going. The information provided is given in good faith and we do try to keep the visa information as up to date as possible. Please be aware though that rules do change, often without prior warning, which is why it is important that you check for yourself.
For visas that are needed in advance you can choose to submit the applications directly to the relevant embassy /consulate. However our recommendation is that you use a visa agent to assist you with your applications. While this does increase the cost it will make the process much easier for you. Dragoman have teamed up with 'The Visa Machine' to create a safe, secure, hassle-free way of obtaining visas and visa advice. Our unique link within their website is designed to make the visa process as straightforward as possible. Simply go to https://dragoman.thevisamachine.com and click on your region of travel followed by your trip route and 'The Visa Machine' will advise you about not only the required visas but also the dates by which you should apply. 'The Visa Machine' can then assist you in the actual visa application thus taking all the worry and hassle out of the process. This should apply for ALL nationalities and countries of residence.
As you will need to submit your passport together with your applications, we recommend that you avoid making any travel plans in the weeks leading up to your departure. However if you do need to travel in this period please let us know as soon as possible so that we can help you work out the options for your visa application process.
All foreign nationals require a tourist visa to enter India. There is no visa on arrival in India- Visas MUST be obtained in advance.
Indian visas can be obtained either through Travcour UK or by going directly to http://in.vfsglobal.co.uk issued in the UK are valid for 6 months from the date of issue.
You must provide either a travel itinerary or flight tickets to obtain more than a single entry visa. Your photos MUST be 50mm x 50mm or your application will be rejected. The photos must be in colour and have a plain white background. Computer generated photos will be rejected. Please paste one photo to the front of your application and leave the other loose. You must sign under the photo on page one and the declaration on page two.
Unless visiting neighbouring countries (see paragraph below), tourists leaving India will receive a stamp in their passports indicating that they may not re-enter India for two months, regardless of their length of stay prior to departure. Tourists wishing to return to India before the two month period has passed will now have to visit the Indian High Commission or Consulate in the country to which they travelled and present their case for re-entry.
The authorities in all Indian Immigration Check Posts have, however, been authorised to allow tourists to make two or three entries, based on production of an itinerary and documentation (ticket bookings) substantiating the need for tourism related travel to neighbouring countries.
You must have a passport valid for at least 6 months from date of travel and with at least two blank pages. Tourist visas cannot be extended in India.
Referees in India:-
Eugene Pram
Pram Tours
436 Barkat Nagar
Tonk Phatak
Tel: +91 (0)141 2594205
Accommodation in India:-
Hotel Supreme
4 Panday Road
Tel +91 22 2218 5608
If travelling to Sikkim your permits will be arranged in Darjeeling with your tour leader.
Please bring 10 photocopies of your passport and Indian Visa (on the same page). These will be used for hotel check-in. Please also bring 2 passport photos.
If you are travelling on the 'Chennai to Kolkata trip - please note that all permits for Odisha will be arranged on trip, In order for permits to be issued each person will need to provide an additional 2 passport photos as well as a copy of your passport and Indian visa no later than 10 days before the trips starts.
All foreign nationals (except Indians) require a visa to enter Nepal.
Visas are obtainable from embassies abroad, at land borders and on arrival at Kathmandu's Tribhuvan airport. If getting the visa at the airport be prepared for long queues. There have been instances when passengers were asked to show return flight tickets. You will also need to provide one passport photo and the following fees in US dollars cash only:
single entry visa valid for 15 days - US$25
single entry visa valid for 30 days - US$40
single entry visa valid for 90 days - US$100
Please note if you are staying in Nepal for less than 24 hours while in transit a transit visa can be issued on presentation of your international flight ticket, there is a nominal charge of US$5 and one photo is required.
Based on the range that previous travellers have spent on this trip, we recommend you allow between a minimum of US$15 and a maximum of US$30 per day for Central Asia, China and Burma and between a minimum of US$10 and a maximum of US$20 for India, Nepal and South East Asia.
This will cover individual expenses such as drinks, meals whilst out and also when staying in hotels, souvenirs, tips and personal permits.
Please note: For trips in Southern India that occur over Christmas and New Year please allow approximately $160USD extra on the kitty for seasonal increases in accommodation costs
It is not really worth trying to buy local currencies before you travel. Do also bear in mind that many countries have strict regulations about the amount of their own local currency you are allowed to import - if you are found with amounts in excess of the allowed amounts, it may well be confiscated!
For trips in Turkey, South East Asia, India and Nepal a sensible mix of cash and ATM cards is best. However, most of our past passengers have said they wished they had been told to bring more cash. Apart from the convenience of being able to change money in many more places, you will sometimes get a much better exchange rate for cash.
For trips in Central Asia, China, Burma and Mongolia please refer to the money exchange notes.
You should take a mixture of denomination notes. Banks and moneychangers in most countries will now only accept bills with a metallic strip running top to bottom of the bill and which are dated from 2003 or later. You should not take worn or damaged notes, or any that have been written on. Cash machines are readily available in most areas but are not always reliable therefore we recommend that you do not rely on them as your only source of cash. Credit cards such as Visa, MasterCard and American Express are the most commonly accepted, but be prepared for very high commission charges. Please do not rely on cards for daily use, as they are not always accepted outside of larger towns and cities. Please bring a mixture of small and large denominations as in more remote areas it can be hard to change amounts over $50.
At Dragoman we believe you should make the most of the places you visit, so if you would like to see more of your joining or finishing point cities, why not book additional accommodation to extend your stay. Dragoman can take away the hassle of time zones and language barriers by making the booking for you. This accommodation is only available at the joining or finishing city of your trip, immediately before or after the trip you are travelling on.
While Dragoman is happy to assist with booking your pre and post trip accommodation, it is important that you understand you may be able to book your own room at a cheaper rate directly through the hotel or on the internet. Our additional accommodation prices are based on the hotel's rate plus an administration fee. Please note our rates do not reflect last minute walk in rates or internet specials.
We can also book arrival airport transfers for you as long as we have your flight arrival details. These are normally payable in cash upon arrival, however we do have pre paid transfers in a few destinations.
Please contact our reservations team for details of the accommodation and transfers that we can offer as not all hotels offer this service.
Dragoman overland trips are designed for shared accommodation, whether camping or staying in hotels and therefore do not involve a single supplement. Single travellers will share with people of the same sex for the duration of the trip, in accommodation ranging from twin to multi-share. The type and variety of accommodation is determined by conditions on each of our routes. The campsites will range from rather basic to those with excellent facilities, including swimming pools, restaurants and bars. In some cases it may also be possible to upgrade locally to bungalows, lodges or even tree-houses. One of the highlights of overlanding is that in more remote areas we will wild camp. This allows us to get far away from the tourist crowds to some beautiful, secluded spots. We will also arrange as many village or local homestays as possible, allowing us to get close to indigenous populations and ensures our money stays within local communities.
The maximum group size we take on our overland journeys ranges from 19 to 22 depending on the geographical location, however the average number of passengers is more likely to be around 16.
Please note that there is an overlap of 2 trips in Zanzibar. This means a group starting a trip in Nairobi for example will visit Zanzibar at the same time as groups starting their trips in Dar es Salaam. In practical terms this means there could be up to 44 group members in Zanzibar at the same time.
Our passengers come from around the world and are always an interesting mix of nationalities and ages. On average there is a pretty even split, males to females and between solo travellers, couples and small groups of friends. We believe that overlanding should be open to as many people as possible and so although we have a minimum age limit of 18, as long as you are fit, healthy and passionate about travel, we are happy to take you, whatever your age is. One of the beauties of group travel is the camaraderie and friendships that are formed along the way and as well as the variety of people that you will meet.
At any time before or after you book you can join our community - Dragoland. This is a great place to ask questions before you travel and catch up with your fellow travellers once your trip has finished. You can share photos, videos and stories You can also download a selection of free travel apps. See the home page to sign in, it's free and easy.
We also have a Facebook page where travellers regularly swap info with each other - you can join here
Our crew are passionate about travel and always up for adventure. It takes someone special to become a Dragoman leader. Our crew undergo the most intensive training program of all overland companies, spending 10 weeks learning the ropes at our base in Suffolk, UK and then up to six months on the road as a trainee. On all Dragoman overlanding trips two western crew who are responsible for the group and the overall organisation will accompany you. While not being guides in the traditional sense you can expect them to have a broad knowledge of the places visited and to offer suggestions of things to do and see. In East and Southern Africa we will also have an African camp master/cook who is in charge of running the camp and organising all of the meals. Their knowledge of the local produce makes shopping at the markets great fun and you will learn how to prepare and cook some unusual dishes. In the rest of Africa, South America and the majority of Central Asia and China we use local guides who may stay with us for just a few hours or will actually travel with us for some or all of the journey. In these cases they become a third crew member and are able to offer their local knowledge as well as a real insight into the lives of the local people.
(If travelling in East & Southern Africa, also please see the note about our code-share crew)
Your tour leader has a duty of care to all of their passengers and therefore they have the authority to ask passengers to leave the trip if they require medical assistance, are behaving in an anti-social manner or refuse to comply with local laws and customs. In all matters relating to the trip, the leader's decision will be final and we appreciate your respect of this.
We ask all of our passengers to declare any pre-existing medical conditions and in some cases you will be asked to complete one of our medical questionnaires. For trips that travel to areas of high altitude we also require all passengers to complete an altitude questionnaire. The ratings for each trip are a good indication of how challenging they are and in some cases passengers should be prepared for some long driving days and possible limited facilities. We are always happy to give extra advice if you have additional concerns.
Recommended vaccinations and other health protection measures vary according to region and recent bulletins issued by health authorities. It is essential to get the latest advice on the region(s) you are planning to travel in. It is essential that you check with either your doctor or a travel clinic in good time before you travel.
In the UK we have been working with Nomad Travel for many years and their website has comprehensive, up to date vaccination and health information. Dragoman customers will receive a 10% discount off all vaccinations given at Nomad Travel clinics.
A good source of up to date information is the World Health Organisation - http://www.who.int/en/
Get expert advice before travelling about types of malaria pills and take them as instructed. Recommended types do change from time to time and from area to area. Consult your vaccination centre for the most up-to-date requirements
The mosquito usually bites between the hours of dusk and dawn and so covering up by wear long-legged and long-sleeved clothing, preferably light coloured and buttoned at the wrists can help. Do not sleep without closing windows, tent doors or, if sleeping out, use a mosquito net. Wear repellent applied directly to the skin or soaked into clothing.
Treating clothes and mosquito nets with a Permetherin solution provides significant protection. It should be available at most travel stores. Mosquito coils are useful on still nights, in hotel rooms but cannot be used inside the tents.
On an overland journey you are more than just a passenger, you're part of the crew, pitching in to set up camp, shop for food, cook and generally help out. We operate a rota system, dividing the group into smaller units of 5 or 6 people, so that these duties are shared equally amongst the group. These jobs will include things like collecting water and firewood, loading the back locker, supervising the kitty and food stores etc. While camping on overland journeys, all meals will be included in the kitty and this means that you will be working as a group to prepare meals and cook for your group. (On trips south of Nairobi we have a cook on board the truck, however you will still be required to help prepare meals). If you have any dietary requirements please tell us at the time of booking and also remind your crew at your welcome meeting. A typical camp breakfast might be toast with spreads, cereal and something hot such as eggs or pancakes as well as tea and coffee. Lunch is almost always a sandwich heaped high with healthy salad and assorted fillings, with fruit to follow. Dinner might be a BBQ, risotto, pasta dish and there is always the chance to try some local cooking. Generally our passengers find the more they put into a trip, the more they benefit from it.
Dragoman is committed to ensuring that we have a positive impact on local communities and that we implement policies to minimise any negative impact on the local environment. We are dedicated to making sure that we adopt a responsible attitude to the areas through which we travel and believe that our trips should benefit the local people and their environment. Dragoman recognises that we are guests of local communities and strive to make these communities our partners, so that they benefit directly from our visit. You can find full details of Dragoman's responsible tourism policy linked from the home page.
Illegal drugs will not be tolerated on our trips. Possessing or using drugs is not only against the law, but also puts the rest of the group at risk. Smoking marijuana and opium is a part of local culture in some parts of the world but is not acceptable for Dragoman customers. It is one of our core values to treat all people we encounter with respect which of course includes all the local people who make our destinations so special. The exploitation of prostitutes or children is completely contrary to this philosophy. Our group leader has the right to expel any member of the group if drugs are found in their possession or if they use prostitutes or abuse children. Equally Dragoman will not tolerate any violence or threat of violence towards local people, other group members or any member of our staff.
We expect all our customers to obey all the laws of the countries through which we pass. This particularly applies to the smuggling of contraband and possession of narcotic drugs (as above), firearms, antiquities and ivory.
Any customer found contravening such laws or customs will be required to leave the trip immediately with no refund of the trip price.
One of the real advantages of overland travel is that the vehicle provides a very real level of security when travelling. There is no doubt that a properly equipped overland vehicle, with safes, fully lockable doors and windows is an obvious advantage when travelling in much of the world. We recommend the use of a neck wallet or money belt whilst travelling for the safe-keeping of your passport, air tickets, cash and other valuable items (although most of these can be locked in the safe whilst you are on the trip) and advise passengers to leave any valuable jewellery, watches etc at home. Generally speaking, you will not be travelling on local public transport and will have the added security of travelling in a group with experienced crew on hand to offer advice.
Please note: Any personal effects that are left on the truck, even if they are stored in the safe, are left at your own risk and Dragoman cannot be held responsible for any damage or theft that may occur.
The safety of our passengers, leaders and operators is a major priority of Dragoman. With this in mind we monitor world events very closely. By the very nature of the adventure travel that we take, there are risks and hazards that are inherent in our itineraries. Dragoman makes operational decisions based on informed advice from a number of sources:
The British Foreign and Commonwealth Office travel advice
Reports from other travel companies and local suppliers
Leaders reports from off the road
Local contacts we have built up over 29 years of experience
Many national governments provide a regularly updated advice service on safety issues involved with international travel. You should always make yourself aware of the travel advice before you book and again before you travel. Below are links to some of the websites
Britain. http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travelling-and-living-overseas/travel-advice-by-country
Australia. http://www.smartraveller.gov.au/
New Zealand. http://www.safetravel.govt.nz/
United States. http://travel.state.gov/travel/travel_1744.html
Canada. http://www.voyage.gc.ca/countries_pays/menu-eng.asp
Dragoman has comprehensive passenger liability protection and tour operator insurance. These policies have total indemnities of £3,000,000 and £10,000,000 respectively. This is in addition to local vehicle insurance and your personal travel insurance.
We have a dedicated 24 hour telephone number which should only be used once you have left the UK and in the event of a real emergency. Should you need to call the number, we will do what we can to help but please bear in mind that real progress or action may not be possible until normal office hours.
If your flight is delayed or cancelled, please let us know and then make your way to the joining hotel as instructed in theses trip notes. If you cannot get through leave a message and a contact number as these will be regularly checked and the crew informed if necessary.
Emergency Number: +44 (0) 7985106564.
It is a condition of booking that you have comprehensive travel insurance. Without evidence of valid travel insurance you will not be allowed to start the trip.
Whatever policy you choose, you must ensure that it is designed for adventure/overland travel. As such it must cover you for adventure activities such as white water rafting, trekking, horse-riding and that the 24 Hour Emergency Assistance Company must be experienced in handling situations in developing countries – for example they have the ability to arrange repatriation from remote areas such as the Sahara or if you were trekking in the Andes. Please double check if you have annual travel and/or credit card policies to ensure they have the cover you require, as many of these policies are not able to cope with adventure travel to remote areas. We recommend that any policy has the following minimum levels of cover: Medical (incl. repatriation) £5,000,000 Personal Liability £5,000,000 Cancellation and Curtailment £5,000 Loss of Baggage, personal effects, money and other inclusions are down to personal choice.
While we always endeavour to provide the best possible holiday experience, due to the nature of travel and the areas we visit sometimes things can and do go wrong. Should any issue occur while you are on your trip it is imperative that you discuss this with your group leader or our local partner straight away so that they can do their best to rectify the problem and save any potential negative impact on the rest of your trip.
We recognise that there may be times when your group leader may not be able to resolve a situation to your satisfaction. If this is the case please contact our customer relations department on firstname.lastname@example.com. You may also choose to provide details in your feedback questionnaire which we ask you to complete at the end of your trip but we do ask you to be aware that it is very difficult for us to provide any practical help after the trip is complete.
Check that your passport will still be valid for 6 months after the end of the trip - this is important as some countries WILL refuse entry to anyone whose passport is due to expire. A temporary or "visitor's" passport is not valid on our trips. You will need to provide us with your passport details prior to departing for you trip. If you change your passport please remember to inform us.
Although you will not have to carry your main bag long distances you will need to help load and unload them onto the truck. For this reason we recommend that you use a backpack or soft bag rather than a heavy suitcase. During your trip your main luggage will be kept in the back locker so you will also need a small daypack. This can be used to carry your camera, water bottle and other personal effects for daily use.
The size of baggage that can be brought on this tour is limited by the locker space on the truck. Different trucks have different-sized lockers however to be safe we recommend that your bag be no larger than 66cm deep, 30cm wide, and 30cm high. The weight limit for luggage on all trucks is maximum 20kg. Backpacks should not have an external frame unless it can be easily removed and stored separately to avoid damaging other people's luggage.
Your clothes and equipment should be appropriate for the conditions you are travelling in. On overland trips Dragoman will provide all camping equipment apart from sleeping bags and ground mats (except on routes between Nairobi and Cape Town where ground mats are provided).
The clothes and equipment should be appropriate for the conditions you are travelling in, which will vary depending on which part of the world you're heading to. On overland trips Dragoman will provide all camping equipment apart from sleeping bags and ground mats*, so you'll need to bring those with you. Think about the climate and altitude of the areas you'll be travelling to, there's nothing worse than being cold at night so it's worth investing in a decent sleeping bag if it's likely to get cold. And remember even when it's warm during the day, it can often get cold at night, particularly in desert regions.
IMPORTANT :Ground mats are provided on all of our overland trips that run in South and East Africa, between Nairobi and Cape Town. This includes our Family trips between Nairobi and Cape Town.
For a general idea of what you need this list provides a guide:
For a comprehensive kit lists take a look at the Dragoman kit list that Nomad Travel have created. Dragoman customers will receive a 10% discount on all equipment purchased either online or in store. Click to see the kit lists www.nomadtravel.co.uk/kitlist/overlanders-kit-list
The sale of bottled water contributes to an enormous environmental problem around the world. In addition to the water in bottles, the production of a 1 litre plastic bottle takes 2 liters of water and 200ml of oil. A large proportion end up in limited landfill or discarded in waterways and natural environments.
Please avoid the purchase of bottled water by using the chemically sterilized water stored in the purpose built storage tank or in water jerry cans in your Overland vehicle. You are free to refill your bottle as many times a day as you like. You are helping the environment and your hip pocket!
All of our trucks have a fully stocked medical kit onboard for use in emergency situations only. Therefore in addition to this we recommend that you purchase your own personal medical kit. In the UK we have teamed up with Nomad Travel Stores and Clinics to produce the Dragoman Travel Medical Kit. It has been designed in conjunction with the truck kits and contains everything you would need for any minor accidents. For more details please visit their website:
Your vehicle will be equipped with a 12 volt socket so to charge your iPod, MP3 player, camera, laptop and mobile phone you will need a DC 12 volt adapter - the type that can be used from a cigarette lighter in your car. Please be aware that only one piece of equipment can be charged at a time and it will not be allowed if there is a risk of running the vehicle's batteries low. Batteries may also be recharged from hotel room wall sockets and the majority of the campsites we stay at have electricity points so please bring along your normal charging adapters as well. You will need to ensure that you have the correct country adaptor for your specific charger.
The Kitty is a group fund paid separately from the trip price at the start of your trip which covers all things that the whole group does, such as:
It is an amount that each passenger puts into a central fund and is monitored by the Dragoman crew. The kitty is payable in instalments at the start of each section of the trip for combination trips and in full at the start of the trip for individual trips.
The kitty system is very unique to overlanding as it allows us to have flexibility on the road. You can see exactly how your money is being spent and ensure that you are getting the best value by buying locally.
The kitty advertised in the brochure is an estimate at the time of printing. Local inflation and costs vary throughout the year and so we review kitties on a monthly basis. Once you book your trip it is very important that you check our website on a regular basis and just before departure for any changes to the kitty amount.
Your kitty can be paid in a mixture of US Dollar cash (or Euros in West Africa) and local currency and most of our travellers choose to bring a cash passport with them for withdrawing local currency (you can visit www.cashpassport.com for further information on these). This is a very secure way of carrying your money whilst travelling. You treat them exactly like an ATM card and draw out local currency from an ATM to give to your leader within each country.
Travellers cheques have become increasingly difficult to change around the world with passengers and our leaders experiencing huge frustration and numerous hours spent trying to find a bank which will change travellers cheques. For this reason we no longer accept them on our trips.
Sometimes, civil or political unrest, or reasons beyond Dragoman's control (e.g. a natural disaster), can mean that an itinerary is disrupted and we have to make a contingency plan. This may involve hiring alternate transport or even the whole group flying over an area. Although Dragoman will help organise travel arrangements, in circumstances outside Dragoman's control you should be prepared to contribute towards the costs and therefore we ask you to bring along a 'Contingency Fund' of USD400. In almost all cases trips run smoothly and this fund is therefore never used. We also recommend that you take along an internationally recognised credit or charge card with a decent limit in case of emergencies, such as medical treatment en route, or even the need to be repatriated; though these occurrences are rare. Remember that travel insurance policies usually only refund you for expenses after you have already paid out.
Tipping is entirely voluntary. The Dragoman crew may be travelling with you for many weeks and usually they become good friends with most members of the group. It is sometimes easy to forget that they do work hard to ensure that you do have a great trip. If you feel you would like to tip them, they certainly would appreciate it. On a number of our trips, we also use a local guide as well as our own Dragoman crew. These guides live and travel with you through their home country and it is usual to tip them when they leave. We recommend USD10 to USD15 per person.


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Q&A with George Barda from this week's issue of The Occupied Times. If any other occupiers would like to submit comment, do contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
Occupied Times: What was the legal substance of the case?
George: The legal position I advanced was that the alleged harms accompanying the presence of the camp were negligible compared with[...]
Posts Tagged 'George Barda'
By Press Release January 19, 2012 Tags: George Barda, Litigant in Person, Noam chomsky, occupy london, OccupyLSX, Police Reform and Social Responsibility Bill
Category: An Occupier's Perspective, Press, Working Groups 1 Comment


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Making better New Year's resolutions
Author and philosopher G.K. Chesterton has said the object of a new year is not that we should have a new year, but rather that we should have a new soul.
In a way, I think he's right. There's so much more to a new year than just making New Year's resolutions to lose weight and get more exercise, earn more money or even to be nicer to others.
There's something about getting to start a new year that brings us an inner hope that maybe this time we will get it right, that maybe this year we will become more the kind of person we imagine we are on our best days.
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Four players from three different Nodaway County Schools were selected to the 8-Man Football Coaches Association All-State Team this year.
Nodaway-Holt junior quarterback Nick Patterson, Worth County/NEN senior wide receiver/defensive back Aaron Patton and North Nodaway senior punter Trent Coleman each made the first team. Nodaway-Holt senior receiver Derek Lemon was a second team selection.
Patterson was among the top 8-man quarterbacks with 1,728 yards passing and 25 touchdown passes. He also ran for 354 yards and six touchdowns.
Lemon was the team's leading receiver with 516 yards and 10 touchdowns.
Patton, a student at Northeast Nodaway, grabbed first team honors at receiver and defensive back.
He made a team-high 33 receptions for 514 yards and 10 touchdowns through the team's 10 first games. Patton also collected 44 tackles with two interceptions.
Coleman had 28 punts that totaled 968 yards. He pinned Mustang opponents inside the 15-yard line five times.


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December 13-22, 2012, 8:00pmFalls Theatre 1 hour, 45 minutes (including one intermission)
A sacrilegious musical comedy tracing the trials of three representatives from the Wisemen Law Firm: Goldberg, Frankenstein, and Murray. The three lawyers must hold court against an evil Santa Claus, the gangster-rapping Easter Bunny, and God himself in their quest for the truth. Rosenstock Productions sets Christmas on fire with an ungodly script and an original score ranging from klezmer to hip-hop to funk to salsa.
Wisemen is recommended for ages 16 and up.
Included with the ACTPass - no additional charge! Learn more about The ACTPass
Adults: $20 in advance/ $25 at the door
A $4.00 per ticket processing fee will be added to your ticket order. All sales are final.


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Product Details
The Huawei dongle is a great all round dongle with the latest HSPA+ technology. Plug the dongle straight into you computer, its suitable for both Mac and PC. Delivers broadband speed up to 4.6mbps.
back to topProduct specifications
Key Information | |
Type | Broadband dongle |
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Download Speeds | Download speed up to 21mbps. Upload speed up to 5.76mbps |
Network | Three |
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Product Height | 12.0 Millimetre |
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Product Weight | 23.0 Gram |
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Tag Archives: 49th Annual Economic Forecast Luncheon
Arizona Could Hit Full Economic Recovery in 3 Years
We're finally on the path to full economic recovery, and Arizona may get there in about three years. That's the main message from experts who spoke today at the 49th Annual Economic Forecast Luncheon co-sponsored by Arizona State University's W. P. Carey School of Business and JPMorgan Chase. About 1,000 … [Continue Reading]
2013 Economic Forecasts for U.S. & Arizona
Arizona's economy improved somewhat this year, but what can we expect in 2013? Top experts on the U.S. and Arizona economies will deliver their forecasts for the state, nation, stock market and housing market at the Valley's largest and most trusted economic-forecasting event on Dec. 5. The 49th Annual Economic … [Continue Reading]


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When you have a written to-do list on paper, how do you mark an action as complete? Do you cross out the entire line? Or add a checkmark? Or put a tickybox in front of every item in the list, so the tickyboxes for the completed ones get filled in?
My to-do lists look messy when there are many items, some completed and some incomplete, and I tend to rewrite them to clean them up, which is a loss of time if I had a cleaner way of marking which ones are complete and which ones still need me to consider doing them, a way to let me quickly scan the list and know what's going on visually.


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Bronze Sphere DecorBy: Kathleen George for STYROFOAM Brand Foam This metallic bronze sphere is a nice addition to a modern centerpiece and pairs well with the Leather Wall Art. For nice autumn tones in your front room, try this easy wall decor craft. Find this project and many more low-cost decorating ideas in the great decor in a flash without a lot of cash eBook from Dow. Materials:
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You're watching...
India conducts long-range missile test
Rocket launched with capability to hit China, Europe
Apr 19, 2012
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Rocket launched with capability to hit China, Europe
Apr 19, 2012
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This liftoff propelling India into a new class of nations.
Joining the US Britain France Russia and China part of the small group of countries with long range nuclear missile capability.
The Indian government calling the launch a major step in its effort to be seen as a world power.
And a major boost to counter China's growing regional dominance.
The missile with a range of more than 3000 miles would be able to strike Beijing and Shanghai for the first time.
India has been suspicious of China's efforts in recent years to increase Chinese influence in the Indian Ocean.
The Chinese Foreign Ministry downplaying the launch saying India and China are not competitors.
But partners.
And I think we knew we think both sides should -- our hard work to create -- positive situations make efforts together maintained a friendship between China and India.
Deep in the strategic cooperation and -- mutual development and make positive contributions to maintain peace and stability in the region.
But Chinese state run media had a different tone in its reaction one newspaper warning India not to be quote arrogant during disputes with China after the launch.
Adding India should be clear.
China's nuclear power is stronger and more reliable.
China is far ahead of India and the arms race with Intercontinental.
Ballistic missiles already capable of reaching anywhere in India.
Indian officials say the missile will need four or five more trials before -- can actually be added to India's arsenal probably in 2014.
In London Amy Kellogg Fox News.
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