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Colombo, Dec 02: Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa has assured Pope Benedict XVI that the famous 400-year-old Madhu Catholic Church, which suffered damages in the war with LTTE, has been restored to its original glory.
The visiting Lankan President met the Pope in the Vatican City on Monday and appraised him about current developments in Sri Lanka. He said the church has been cleared of the Tamil Tiger rebels who had besieged it and restored, making it possible for the faithful to pray there.
'Shrine of Our Lady of Madhu' is a Roman Catholic church in Mannar district in embattled north Sri Lanka. It acts as a centre for pilgrimage and worship for Sri Lankan Christians, both Tamil and Sinhalese.
Pope Benedict expressed a keen interest in the developments in Sri Lanka and the measures taken by the government to provide humanitarian assistance to those who have been temporarily displaced and restore democratic freedoms, according to an official statement here today.
The Pope also expressed concern about the spread of terrorism in the region and voiced the need for a more concerted effort internationally to eliminate terrorism, wherever it may occur, it said.
Later, President Rajapaksa met with Secretary of State of the Vatican, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone and briefed him about the successes in the military operations in the north.
"Rajapaksa told Bertone how the LTTE is holding civilians as buffers in areas they control," the statement said adding, the President also assured him that all possible measures are being taken to ensure the safety of civilians.
President Rajapaksa also assured the Cardinal that there is a long tradition of religious harmony in the island country and that religious freedom and freedom of worship is constitutionally guaranteed, the statement said.
Bertone on his part expressed good wishes for the restoration of peace and freedom for all people in Sri Lanka.
Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Rohitha Bogollagama and Sri Lanka's Ambassador in Germany, T B Maduwegedara, who is accredited to the Vatican, were also present on the occasion.
The President, wearing a traditional white ceremonial garment and a scarf, had a private conversation with the Pope lasting about 15 minutes.
At the end of the meeting, he gave the Pope two brass candlesticks. Benedict XVI reciprocated with the gift of a pen in the shape of a column, the statement said.
Bureau Report
Courtesy: Zeenews


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Constructed from nylon for strength and durability, this colorful storage box is a great way to organize closets, car trunks and garages.
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Alumnus of MFA Scenography wins Charlotte Köhler Prize 2011
On the recommendation of the jury, the Prince Bernhard Culture Fund has awarded the Charlotte Köhler Prizes 2011 to three promising theatre-makers: Ilay den Boer, Wikke van Houwelingen and Joachim Robbrecht. These encouragement prizes for young talent, each worth 20,000 euros, will be awarded in the DeLaMar Theater in Amsterdam on 7 July.
Ilay den Boer (Jerusalem, 1986) studied at the Amsterdam School of the Arts. Largely self-taught, he developed further at the Stichting Nieuwe Helden (New Heroes Foundation) and the Huis van Bourgondië (House of Burgundy). Since 2008, Den Boer has been working on a six-part series of performances under the title Het Beloofde Feest (The Promised Feast). In this series, the theatre-maker critically examines himself, his family, the State of Israel and Jewish history. His performances are presented at home and abroad. The jury on Ilay den Boer: 'He makes personal and moving theatre. His performance entitled This is my Father, which deals with anti-Semitism and the father-son relationship, hits you like a sledgehammer. Despite his relative youth, the work of Den Boer displays acute, engaged vision.'
Wikke van Houwelingen (Utrecht, 1979) gained his Master of Fine Arts Scenography diploma at the Frank Mohr International Masters, in 2006. In his first year after graduation, he was involved as assistant designer to Jan Versweyveld in the Roman Tragedies and The Misanthrope productions by Toneelgroep Amsterdam. In the two following years, Van Houwelingen designed décors for ten theatre productions including the interior of Festival aan de Werf and Oerol Festival, and Hond (Dog) by Opium voor het Volk. He is currently employed as a scenographer at the Nationale Toneel and Orkater theatre companies. The jury on Wikke van Houwelingen: 'His work is characterized by its great diversity, varying from installation-like décors to sober real-life statements. Wikke van Houwelingen is one of those designers who resist the restricted form language with which we are frequently confronted in the show and television world.'
On his arrival in the Netherlands in 2002, Joachim Robbrecht (Ghent, 1979) became fascinated by the quest of the Dutch for their identity. In that same year, he began on the Art Director programme at the Amsterdam School of the Arts. He completed this programme with the Ton Lutz Prize 2006 for his graduation performance entitled Adam in ballingschap (Adam in Exile). After his education, Robbrecht began on a series of performances about the 'crazy quest for roots' at Gasthuis/Frascati Productions. Identity and fact and fiction also play key roles in Robbrecht's most recent performances. The Rashomon-effect production, in conjunction with Toneelgroep Amsterdam, forms his most philosophical approach to that last theme down to the present. The jury on Joachim Robbrecht: 'The complex interplay of fact and fiction, which is inherent in the phenomenon of cultural identity, is reflected in Robbrecht's experiment with theatrical form. In his performances, he consistently combines documentary and fictive material in new ways. With this, his work is characterized by strong stratification and irony.'
About the Charlotte Köhler PrizesThe Charlotte Köhler Prizes of the Prince Bernhard Culture Fund were set up at the bequest of the actress Charlotte Köhler. In uneven years, three young theatre-makers are selected, and in the even years the three winners come from the realm of art. The Prize involves a sum of 20,000 euros per winner, which may be spent according to the wishes of the winner. The prize-giving ceremony will take place in the DeLaMar Theater in Amsterdam at 4 p.m. on 7 July, and will be combined with the announcement of the Culture Fund grants and the Wim Barry Stipend. The presentation is in the hands of Aldith Hunkar. The jury of the Charlotte Köhler Prizes and the Wim Barry Stipend 2011 consists of Melle Daamen (chairman), Jeffrey Meulman, Peggy Olislaegers, Dave Schwab and Marc Warning.More information


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Who am I kidding, I couldn't walk in that dress on a good day...and after snagging an Oscar for "Best Actress", I wouldn't blame her for rushing the stage and taking out everyone in her path lol.
She falls gracefully tho! Add a little drama at the end & it was perfection.


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Scream Apologies
As Life Withers Away
I know that sometimes vanity gets in the way of objectivity, but I have to imagine that a band like Scream Apologies are aware of their mediocrity. This release is generic, boring, cliched, and basically pretty damn passé. In fact, I found this excruciatingly dull EP something of an ordeal to listen to. I do vocals for a joke metalcore band and we're on about the same level as this stuff. I would almost rather listen to an outright bad release than a painfully average one such as this. The band has decent technical abilities and decent songwriting skills as well. The thing is, in probably the most over saturated subgenre of heavy music, there is no way that this is going to be heard.
The utterly predictable clean vocals on the second track set the tone for the rest of the release. In a word, insipid. I didn't bother to check out the lyrics, but what I could discern made me cringe a bit. Yelling "and you will fucking pay" during a breakdown tends not to have the impact that a band might imagine that it would have. That's a pretty fair analogy for the whole album; I'm sure that the guys in the band think they're coming up with pretty cool stuff, but to an outside observer, it's nothing worth writing home about.
It's cool when people get together and make music, no matter how poor the quality the end result may be. I don't want to discourage a band like Scream Apologies from doing what sounds good to them, and I also dislike music journalists who completely rail on amateur bands, but I think that a bit of discretion is needed in many cases. This sounds just like any number of local bands that I know. When their members play me songs that they've come up with, I'll reply with an insincere "sounds pretty cool" and change the subject. Most of those bands would know not to send their shoddy output to a major online publication. Ignore this release.


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The Writing Contests, Grants & Awards database includes details about the creative writing contests—including poetry contests, short story competitions, essay contests, awards for novels, and more—that we've published in Poets & Writers Magazine during the past year. We carefully review the practices and policies of each contest before including it. Ours is the most trusted resource for legitimate writing contests available anywhere.
Sponsor and Award | Entry Fee | Genre | Cash Prize | Prize includes | Application Deadline |
St. Petersburg Review Poetry Contest A prize of $1,000 and publication in St. Petersburg Review is given annually for a poem. The editors will judge. Submit up to three poems with a $20 entry fee, which includes a copy of the prize... |
$20 | Poetry | $1,000 | Publication | 3/1/14 |
Iowa Review Iowa Review Awards Three prizes of $1,500 each and publication in Iowa Review are given annually for works of poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction. Robyn Schiff will judge in poetry, Rachel Kushner will judge... |
$20 | Poetry, Fiction, Creative Nonfiction | $1,500 | Publication | 1/31/14 |
PEN Northwest Margery Davis Boyden Wilderness Writing Residency A seven-month residency, which includes a $5,000 honorarium, is given biennially to a poet, a fiction writer, or a creative nonfiction writer to live and work at the Dutch Henry Homestead near the Rogue... |
$20 | Poetry, Fiction, Creative Nonfiction | $5,000 | Residency | 3/1/14 |
Asheville Poetry Review William Matthews Poetry Prize A prize of $1,000 and publication in Asheville Poetry Review is given annually for a single poem. The winner is also invited to read at Malaprop's Bookstore in Asheville, North Carolina. Billy... |
$20 | Poetry | $1,000 | Publication | 1/15/14 |
University of Texas Dobie Paisano Fellowships Two residencies, cosponsored by the Texas Institute of Letters, at a rural retreat west of Austin are given annually to writers who are native Texans, have lived in Texas for at least three years, or who... |
$20 | Poetry, Fiction, Creative Nonfiction | 1/15/14 | ||
Georgetown Review Press Poetry Manuscript Contest A prize of $1,500, publication by Georgetown Review Press, and 20 author copies is given annually for a poetry collection. Ada Limn will judge. Submit a manuscript of 48 to 80 pages with a $20 entry fee... |
$20 | Poetry | $1,500 | Publication | 2/15/14 |


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Docent tours for Worn to Be Wild: The Black Leather Jacket are available on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday at 11:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m.
MUZEO also offers discounts year round for groups of 15 or more.
Call 714-956-8936 or email email@example.com for more details.
For a truly spectacular Orange County event with an urban twist, trust MUZEO.
MUZEO is constantly announcing and launching new programs, exhibitions, events and discount offers. There are many ways to stay updated. Click on one or all of the social networking icons and get the buzz or chat it up with your friends. We highly recommend receiving our newsletter to be the first to hear special news bytes for our preferred guests.
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Groups of 15 or more become eligible for our group rate of $9.00 per adult, $8.10 per senior/student/military and $5.40 per child. Advanced booking required, email firstname.lastname@example.com or call (714)956-8936.
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Author | Post |
h3oc | #2 Subject: w00t Posted: 09/03/2004 15:09:08 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
Finally some members, now we will get listed in the club directory. Thanks!
-Mors- | #3 Subject: Finnaly a UO club on 1up Posted: 10/13/2004 14:18:28 |
I was starting to wander when there would actually start to have a club for uo, any longer and i would have started my own. Good job h3oc.
h3oc | #4 Subject: Samauri Empire Posted: 11/01/2004 23:40:02 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
On Wednesday Samauri Empire will be released featuring the new islands, ninjitsu, and bushido, and new mounts/monsters. Go get it asap so you can place a decent house.
h3oc | #5 Subject: You can post... Posted: 12/12/2004 09:31:48 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
Cmon you know you want to post
h3oc | #6 Subject: SE thoughts Posted: 12/21/2004 16:05:11 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
Well my opinion is that SE wasn't what I expected. The spawn difficulty balancing is horrible. I don't think many people appreciate being ganked by hidden monsters at the moongates... The spawn is just too hard for certain classes at certain times. Sometimes warriors will be in glory with certain creatures when mages will drop like a rock and vice versa.
-Mors- | #7 Subject: Glitch? Posted: 12/22/2004 18:08:19 |
Not sure if it is a glitch or not but whe i first started playing SE, i was at my Small Keep, and one a Swamp Blog, i think they are called, just watzed right into it. I promptly set my small keep to private, and lured it back out side. that seemed to stop it. Error, or just more realistic?
h3oc | #8 Subject: Hmm Posted: 12/27/2004 13:36:01 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
I think that most NPCs can go into your house when its private, an example being: Im sure you ALL have had some mindless PK summon a revenant onto the roof of your house. Haha
h3oc | #9 Subject: My first doom arty Posted: 01/01/2005 11:49:49 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
Today I got my first doom arty from the gauntlet! Me soo happy, I got the blade of insanity! IM SO GLAD I DIDNT GET THE BONE CRUSHER fyi.
h3oc | #10 Subject: Shard? Posted: 01/04/2005 23:40:04 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
What shard does everyone play on? I play atlantic on two accounts. I posted a pic of my character and the bracelet.. *cries* I call... teh uber leet. sniffle
Thradia | #11 Subject: Shard Posted: 01/05/2005 15:41:56 |
I play on Napa Valley. Also have a few characters on Catskills and Baja
S1nn1cle | #12 Subject: Shards Posted: 01/06/2005 21:10:14 |
I play on Atlantic, and escape to Catskills every now and then.
h3oc | #13 Subject: Pics Posted: 01/07/2005 15:40:26 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
If anyone wants to post a pic of their character, or house or pretty much ANY screenshots feel free to do so.
imagudlady | #14 Subject: hiyas yall Posted: 01/07/2005 22:43:52 |
Well I was wondering if there would be a uo club. I guess I'm in luck!! I'm on the Legends shard as Ima Gud Lady, and Aphrodite.(my main 2) But any who... I was thinking of switching shards but not sure what to choose!?!?! I'm sick of the freakin bank sitting, guild pking and drama on this shard. Ack!! Whats a poor bard to do?? If any of you fellow uoians have a suggestion I'd love to hear it. It's been a pleasure
h3oc | #15 Subject: Atlantic Posted: 01/08/2005 00:49:27 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
I suggest atlantic if your a more experienced player. We were the shard to take down the paragon harrower the fastest!
Silrathiel | #16 Subject: A new person.. Posted: 01/10/2005 23:31:54 |
Hi, I just joined the club, and I was thinking of getting back into the normal game sometime soon with Samurai Empires...heh, I've been playing off and on since T2A, mostly on the freeshards in UOGateway. Anyone else here a freeshard player? I have been looking for a good one lately...most of the ones I like seem to have disappeared. :/
h3oc | #17 Subject: Welcome Posted: 01/11/2005 15:44:39 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
Hey, yeah I used to play on freeshards on and off. The same thing ALWAYS happens, good ones go away. Well it only seems that way but none of them last long except the sponsored ones, we just don't notice because we don't play on them.
h3oc | #18 Subject: Commanding Lord Posted: 01/11/2005 15:47:12 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
Yay, I don't know if any of you faction, but I was elected the Commanding Lord of Minax on Atlantic. That's the highest rank, and I'm glad to be it... for now.
Thradia | #19 Subject: Sold some gold! Yay! Posted: 01/11/2005 17:15:50 |
My fiance is closing his account once the time runs out on it, so we sold his house a couple weeks ago and some of his possessions.
We had placed a Zento house when the Samurai Empire lands opened...and sold the house for 15 mil. Crazy... So I just sold 24 mil to IGE.com for $120 US. Not bad. First time I've ever sold gold for real money. Was very strange handing over 24 checks to just some guy and then hoping they paid me! LOL But it all went good! |
h3oc | #20 Subject: Ah. Posted: 01/11/2005 23:32:52 |
Rank: Sounds like Hamburgers Joined: 08/22/2004 Post Count: 0 Offline |
Sad he's closing his account... BUT it's a fact that 9/10 players who quit UO, come back! It's good to hear you got paid for the gold though. That's a really good deal, If it was for Atlantic I probably would have bought it! I was in a tough situation with houses and money right before christmas. Somebody random was looking at my 18x18 on Ice. I will say its a nice house i'll put a pic later. Well he asked me if I was looking to sell it, I don't know what i'd do without it and I didn't feel the need to sell it so I said no. He was about to leave and I asked him how much it was worth, he said upwards of 30 mil. It's kind of funny because i'll never know if he was serious and if I should have taken it... this still bugs me today!
Thradia | #21 Subject: Re: Ah. Posted: 01/13/2005 11:08:43 |
*nods* I have a friend who plays Atlantic, and she says the market there gets a little crazy. She spent a lot to get her house!
You'll have to post pics of your house! I love seeing how other people have decorated theirs |
ParasiteJinx | #22 Subject: I play sonoma shard Posted: 01/28/2005 00:56:26 |
Im looking to buy the Tunic of fire. Anyone selling on sonoma can find me, SN = Kuroda Asuka.
-Mors- | #23 Subject: I'm on Great Lakes Shard Posted: 03/27/2005 01:50:40 |
Just though i'd say what shard i'm on, when ever i am on that is.
imagudlady | #24 Subject: Alas I am a newb Posted: 03/31/2005 11:41:14 |
I have to say it's pretty sad that I know no more then I do in game. I would love to pvp but to do that and have any real chance at it is well hard as hell. I love to spawn but I lose more in insurance then I could ever make at any spwan. So how do you seasoned players keep up?
Grimaldi | #25 Subject: Uggh Posted: 06/06/2005 18:13:14 |
I appear to have joined a dead club.
skunkadelic | #26 Subject: Dead club for a dead game... Posted: 06/29/2005 02:02:15 |
How fitting.
UO died when they detroyed Dread Lords Closest thing I have found now is UO Gamers. Best thing about it is it's free. http://uogamers.com/ Peace! WarCraft III: US East - Lord_Skunk Ancient Lich of the Undead Lords >>> UDL KNIGHT SINCE 1998 <<< |
JDove | #27 Subject: UO is not Dead, only Different Posted: 07/01/2005 13:31:56 |
I have heard ever since UO:R, "This game is dead" and that was what, almost 6 years ago? I hear it everyday from someone, "UO died when (insert random change)" and in fact the game still rolls on. I haven't quit and I have a few friends who started when I did who still play as well. Not to mention that I worked as a companion for years and see that New players join almost every day. In the past year I have brought 4 new players to the game (that is 4 who subscribe now, I had others try who decided against it). UO isn't for everyone and sometimes events and circumstances will cause someone to not find that spark they had when they first logged in. I don't blame people for moving on when the time comes, but don't shoot a game down because you don't like it - it is all opinion based. I love the game still and look forward to the next expansion "Mondain's Legacy" because we will have 'elves' as a playable race (which, if the demand is high enough, we should see more races in the future).
JDove | #28 Subject: UO - Release Your Inner Evil Posted: 07/13/2005 00:04:07 |
Through interior decorating! Soon we will have Evil decorations, available to all active accounts that are pretty nifty. We got a sample of them a few weeks back, but they are pretty sweet. The ones I picked were the evil portraits and the pixies - both of which look very nice on a castle wall. I hope they are released before the next expansion comes out, because I'm sure I will be pre-occupied with it and won't fully enjoy the evilness of the decorations.
nathan_allen | #29 Subject: Beta Testin Posted: 07/20/2005 15:16:27 |
I got to see the new beta test of Mondain Legacy. It looks pretty sweet. The coolest things are the craftables, anything from elven chairs to leaf gorgets. I have high hopes for the new expansion especially for the quests. Alo, i play on Atlantic Shard. My main character is named Raiden. You can tell me from most by my character is completly paragon gold. so give me a 'hey' if ya see me
JDove | #30 Subject: Some New Art Posted: 07/25/2005 22:38:42 |
The new expansion features new wearables, weapons, and monsters - but some of the art is a little disturbing... However, I am still excited. I may make a post with some of the new art soon, to let everyone get a peek at what it looks like.


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Jump to navigation
We are pleased to welcome the Homeless Museum of Art to the High Line.
The museum, also called HoMu for short, is an performance created by New York-based artist Filip Noterdaeme. Since its inception in 2002, the work has existed in a state of perpetual flux. It has been a live-in museum in a rented apartment; an activist's initiative; an exhibit in a vacant artist studio; a collection of original artworks; and a mock museum booth embedded in a commercial art fair.
The High Line's planting design is inspired by the self-seeded landscape that grew up between rail tracks after the trains stopped running in the 1980s. Today, the High Line includes more than 300 species of perennials, grasses, shrubs, and trees — chosen for their hardiness, adaptability, diversity, and seasonal variation in color and texture. Some of the species that originally grew on the High Line's rail bed are reflected in the park landscape today.
This week we share with you one of our gardeners' current favorites.
The 23rd Street Lawn is a popular gathering space on the High Line, offering open green space for picnicking, sunbathing, and people-watching.
This season of High Line Food is in full-swing! Follow us after the jump to learn how you can enter to win a complimentary lunch from Terroir at The Porch.
Under The Standard at Little West 12th Street, among the plants and railroad tracks sits Lying Figure, a large-scale sculpture by Los Angeles-based artist Thomas Houseago.
Known for using materials like wood, clay, plaster, steel, and bronze, Houseago creates monumental sculptures that reveal the process of their making through unique details – the varying texture of a molding, the hidden creases within a cast – despite their imposing size and towering forms.
Thanks to all who came out to last night's Summer Party on the High Line presented by Coach.
The event brought together the High Line and Coach – two iconic New York institutions that represent the creative energy of the city – to celebrate the spirit of summer with a carnival-inspired event. This year's Summer Party featured a fortune teller, boardwalk games, carnival prizes from Coach, delicious food and drink at sunset, and dancing into the night with DJ Kiss.
We would like to extend a special thank you to Coach for presenting this event. Thanks to its generous underwriting, 100 percent of the proceeds from ticket sales are going directly toward the High Line, helping us keep the park clean, the plants beautiful, and the public engaged through free art, tours, talks, and kids activities all year long.
On May 31st the corner of West 18th Street and 10th Avenue received a colorful new addition to the Edison Properties billboard. Untitled is the latest edition on HIGH LINE BILLBOARD, a series of commissions by High Line Art for the large billboard next to the park at West 18th Street. It was installed by acclaimed Italian artist Maurizio Cattelan and photographer Pierpaolo Ferrari, the artists behind the photography magazine Toilet Paper.
Stay Connected with the High Line


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The nuclear industry maintains that nuclear power plants must not cost more than $4,500 per kilowatt to build. The Keystone Center in Colorado, which brought together utility executives, environmentalists and other experts to examine the future role of nuclear power, estimated in 2007 that ultimately nuclear power will cost between 8 and 11 cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh).
The U.S. Department of Energy (DoE), for its part, puts the average cost of a new nuclear power plant at $7 billion—which is more than one quarter of the average stock market value of all public energy companies that currently own a nuclear power plant. "Twenty-five-billion-[dollar] average market capitalization companies cannot underwrite many nuclear plants," noted Dennis Spurgeon, assistant secretary for nuclear energy at the DoE in a speech this past July.
Hence the loan guarantees, which will allow utilities to obtain preferable rates on any loans because of the backing of the U.S. government, says Duke Energy's Bryan Dolan, vice president of nuclear development. "It lowers the cost of capital and therefore enables owners to deliver to ratepayers at a lower rate." Although, he adds, "they are not critical for us to move forward."
Nevertheless, utilities like Duke applied for $122 billion worth of them, according to the DoE. Under the current program, the department has only $18.5 billion to offer. In addition, the 2005 Energy Policy Act provides 1.8 cents per kWh of electric power derived from new nuclear reactors.
"It's the only way the plants can be financed, that is at the taxpayer's expense," says Amory Lovins, an energy expert at the Rocky Mountain Institute. "In 2006 distributed renewables alone got $56 billion of private risk capital. Nuclear got, as usual, zero. What part of this do people who take markets seriously not understand?"
"The only people in the world who buy nuclear power plants are central planners, whether they are in governments like China or Japan or TVA, which is an unaccountable public utility," Lovins adds. And, at this point, only one out of the 26 proposed new reactors are being built in areas with deregulated electricity markets; utilities prefer to build them in still regulated areas where they can be guaranteed to recover the cost of construction eventually from ratepayers—much as Progress Energy is doing in Florida right now.
"At this point, having had subsidies for 50 years, they ought to be able to stand on their own two feet," says David Doniger, policy director of the climate center at the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental group. But, he adds, "we don't have a rigid antinuke position." And a Congressional staffer who declined to be identified noted: "If nuclear can compete on an even playing field with all the other carbon-free energy out there like wind and solar, then that's what they should do. They keep on coming back with hat in hand asking for tens of billions in subsidies with no plants being built, mostly because Wall Street and private investors want nothing to do with it."
"The global financial climate is causing some U.S. utility customers, primarily ones that are relying on the capital markets to finance their projects, to reprioritize needs and consider options for the construction of new nuclear power plants," said Jack Fuller, president and CEO of GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, in a statement. "We do believe the nuclear renaissance will happen, both in the United States and globally. We've been in the nuclear business for 50 years, and we are in this for the long haul."
The former head of the TVA—S. David Freeman—notes that much of the $25-billion debt that TVA still has today is a result of the catastrophic financial burden imposed by a plan to build 17 nuclear reactors in the late 1970s, of which only six were ever completed. "The idea that we should build a whole lot more radioactive factories in this age of terrorists doesn't make a whole lot of sense to me," he told the Chattanooga Times Free Press, noting that the power from such plants would likely cost as much as 12 cents per kWh, compared with roughly 8 cents per kWh from existing power plants in the TVA system.


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George Catlin: American Indian Portraits Stu-mick-o-sucks fridge magnet
Stu-mick-o-sucks, or Buffalo Bull's Back Fat, was an important Blood/Kainai chief. This chief's name refers to the delicious and fatty hump of the male buffalo, which was a delicacy, and also alludes to the strength and resilience of the animal that provided so much for the welfare of these Northern Plains peoples.
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Critical Essays
Critical Evaluation
Although Robert Louis Stevenson produced a large number and variety of writings during his relatively short life and was considered a serious adult author in his own day, he is largely remembered now as the writer of one gothic horror story, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886), and two boys' books, Treasure Island and Kidnapped: Being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751 (1886). Such a view is undoubtedly unfair and slights the author's many valuable literary accomplishments, but the fact that these three works have endured not only as citations in literary histories but also as readable, exciting books is a tribute to Stevenson's genius. Treasure Island remains the supreme achievement among the three works. Although critics may debate its seriousness, few question its status as the purest of adventure stories. According to Stevenson, the book was born out of his fascination with a watercolor map he himself drew of an imaginary island.
When Jim Hawkins begins by stating that he is telling the story in retrospect, at the request of "Squire Trelawney, Doctor Livesey, and the rest of these gentlemen," readers are assured that all the principals survived the quest successfully, thus giving readers that security necessary in a romantic adventure intended primarily for young people. Although many exciting scenes will ensue and the heroes will face great danger on a number of...
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Source: Masterplots, Fourth Edition, ©2010 Salem Press, Inc.. All Rights Reserved.


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The Health Plans section is intended to provide all senior health related information in one convenient location. The California Department of Insurance regulates health plans underwritten by insurance companies. However, seniors have various options. You should consider your personal needs and finances before making a choice. The various senior health plans listed below describe some of their differences and offer links to resources that will help educate and inform you of the different plans that are available.
Medicare is a federally funded insurance program for eligible participants 65 or over. Medicare has two parts, Part A (Hospital Insurance) and Part B (Medical Insurance). Medicare does not cover 100% of all costs. The California Department of Insurance recommends purchasing a Medicare Supplement Insurance policy if you have traditional Medicare to help offset your health care costs. If you have questions related to Medicare, contact Medicare or your local Health Insurance Counseling and Advocacy Program (HICAP).
Medicare Part D (Prescription Drug Coverage)
Medicare Part D is a voluntary prescription drug program for Medicare beneficiaries. Prescription drug plans are sold by private companies but must be approved by Medicare. Before you purchase a prescription drug plan, it is important to make sure the one you are considering is approved by Medicare. Drug plans can have rules about what drugs are covered in different drug categories, so you should also make sure the plan you are considering covers any brand name drugs you are currently taking and wish to continue.
Information on Medicare Drug Plans can be found at Medicare's official website for Prescription Drug Coverage.
Additional information on Medicare Part D can be found at:
Medicare Supplement Insurance
To purchase Medicare Supplement Insurance you must be enrolled in Medicare Part A and Part B. Medicare Supplement Insurance (also known as Medigap) provides coverage for gaps in medical costs not covered by Medicare. There are twelve standardized plans known as A-L plans that offer various benefits to help offset your healthcare cost. To find information on Medicare Supplement Insurance, the names of companies authorized to sell it and compare premiums, please refer to the guide below.
2012 Guide to Medicare Supplement Insurance The California Department of Insurance annual Consumer Guide for Medicare Supplement Insurance.
Additional Information on Medicare Supplement Insurance can be found at:
Medicare Advantage
Medicare Advantage is an alternative to traditional Medicare Part A and Part B. Medicare Advantage Plans are approved by Medicare, but run by private companies that include Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) or Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs). If you have questions related to Medicare Advantage Plans, contact Medicare at 1-800-633-4227.
Additional information on Medicare Advantage Plans can be found at:
California Department of Health Care Services Medi-Cal is California's Medicaid program that provides health insurance for low-income individuals. Medi-Cal is financed equally by the State and federal government.


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Stella, Rose and Kitty will become the first sea lions to visit Mote Marine Aquarium. They're the first three sea lions to be featured in Mote's "Sea Lions: On the Water's Edge" exhibit.
The exhibit runs from Dec. 1 through April 28.
For now, read up on a few fast facts about sea lions, courtesy of Mote:
• Sea lions are highly agile on water, thanks in part to their streamlined body and sleek fur. And while they may look clumsy on land, don't let them fool you: They have no trouble exploring, as demonstrated by sea lions on Año Island, Calif., which climbed a flight of stairs in an old house.
• Sea lions and fur seals have smaller external ears than true seals.
• Pinnipeds — i.e. sea lions, seals, fur seals and walruses — have highly sensitive whiskers that can connect with 10 times the number of nerve fibers as the whiskers of land mammals.
• California sea lions can dive deeper than 880 feet, while other pinnipeds can go even deeper.
• Sea lions are capable of learning complicated behaviors. In fact, some California sea lions have been trained to communicate with humans in a manner similar to the way in which some dolphins have been trained.
Contact Robin Hartill at email@example.com.
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Commission savors the sunshine
The weather on Longboat Key was cloudy on the evening of Wednesday, Dec. 11, but the Longboat Key Town Commission stayed in the sunshine, as far as the Longboat Observer could tell. -
Resident keeps eye on the pie
Inspired by her mother's homemade banana cream pie, Bird Key resident Kim Manning had a sweet idea: key lime with a twist. -
Show us your spirit this season
This week, our reporters will make our final decisions on our favorite displays of holiday cheer for our "Spirit of the Season" contest. This year's competition isn't limited to lights.


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Zoe Saldana, Olivia Wilde and Aziz Ansari announced the 2014 Golden Globe nominations in Beverly Hills.
Deaf actress Marlee Matlin reacts to the "fake" interpreter at Madiba's memorial.
- Die Burger
24.com publishes all comments posted on articles provided that they adhere to our Comments Policy. Should you wish to report a comment for editorial review, please do so by clicking the 'Report Comment' button to the right of each comment.
Miley Cyrus and Robin Thicke will reportedly be performing at the Z100 Jingle Ball in New York this weekend along with a host of big names. Read More »
Tickets for One Direction's European 2014 tour were the most wanted this year and the band beat the Rolling Stones in the tour ticket battle. Read More »
Madiba flash mob goes viral.
Watch these Christmas wishes come true!
Fake Nigella video goes viral.
Celebrities at Nelson Mandela's memorial service.
Madiba memorial coverage on TV.
Oprah fails to arrive for Madiba memorial.
Thirty Seconds to Mars coming to SA.
Ender's Game is a very adult movie.
18-year-old Quincy Davis started surfing out of boredom and now this stunning blonde is a pro in the water.
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Womens Ballerina shoes
Still a style must have the ballet pump is a classic piece of fashion design that is equally at home in both casual and more formal situations. Quite simply the ballerina, ballet pump or plain old pump is a must have staple of any womans wardrobe. Obviously ballerina style shoes have been part of the fashion scene for quite a while and to be quite honest the popularity of this versatile little classic shows no sign of abating any time soon. On the contrary every season brings a new variation to keep this style looking fresh and new.
Dress up or dress down with bows beads, plain or in just about any hue you can think of the ballet pump is right there with you. Cant decide what to wear when you are presented with that smart/ casual dilemma the unassuming yet stylish ballet pump, worn and loved by millions, is the perfect choice.
Team your ballerina with jeans, skirts and dresses summer shorts and leggings. Pretty much whichever outfit you can think of there is a pair of ballerinas to suit. Even a formal do where you know youll be on your feet for a while a stylish pair of pumps will fit the bill. From Angelina Jolie to Reece Witherspoon from Christina Aguilera to Michelle Obama ballerinas are the footwear of choice for women everywhere.
Pick a style of fashion flats that suits at a price youll love from Wynsors and lets hear it for the ballerina shoe.
Read more...


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tool name
closeGreat Pyrenees Puppies
PETS FOR SALE: Great Pyrenees Puppies Boys and Girls Available Will Go Fast Great Christmas Presents All White Purebred Excellent Bloodlines 1st shots and dewormed Claim Yours Now! Wonderful and Playful Puppies They have been raised in a house full of children and other pets so they will make a wonderful family and loving dog for anyone Call (559)299-1357 More info Email a friend |
PETS FOR SALE: puppies, F1 and F1b. F1s are $1050. and the F1bs are $1350. The F1bs were born on November 1 and will be ready for their new homes on January 4. Very social, great with kids. Dewclaws have been removed, wormed and will have their first shots. Please call 916-583-8020 or visit our website at www.colonybreeders.com More info Email a friend |
AKC Dogue De Bordeaux Puppies - ( French Mastiff )
PETS FOR SALE: I have 3 beautiful AKC Dogue De Bordeaux male pups just in time for Christmas! They will be very large and big boned. The Dam is 135 pounds and the sire is 145 pounds. There is 1 light colored one and 2 dark red colored ones. We are taking deposits of 250.00 to reserve your puppy. They will have their first set of shots, dewormed and be Vet checked. I have the AKC registration papers on hand. The sire is Prime from Central Valley Bordeaux. They will be ready to go to their new homes on Dec.19. Thank You 4th and 5th pic are of the Sire and the 6th and 7th are of the Dam. More info Email a friend |
PETS FOR SALE: Cockapoo puppy. Black. Multi generation will be 9-12 pounds. Great coat and natural tail, dew claws are removed. Both parents are are on site. . Puppy born on 10-26 and ready on 12-21. She will come with first shots, wormed, Revolution (fleas, heartworm) and a Health Guarantee. I am a local breeder of 23 years you can visit my web site www.rpuppies.com or find me on facebook Rpuppies. Visitors are always welcome (916)270-7255. Taking Deposit. Female available $800.00. Credit cards accepted. More info Email a friend |
AKC Shih Tzu Puppies
PETS FOR SALE: Beautiful 8 week old AKC Shih Tzu Puppies, 2 Males and 3 Females ready to go to new homes. Males $850.00 and Females $900.00.( 1 male white/liver w/green eyes, 1 male white/golden brown patches, 1 male white/black and brindle, 1 female white/golden brown patches, 1 female white/dr.brown patches almost like stripes on back.) Puppies parents are on site and weigh less than 10 pounds so pups should be similar. Puppies have been raised in our home around people, children and other pets. Puppies have had first check ups at a veterinarians office which included their first set of vacinations, de-worming, flea medications and overall health check ups. Puppies have also had dew claws removed. Puppies will come with their puppy medical chart, own special blanket with moms smell, and pictures of the babyhood so far. Shih Tzus are a very loving family dog who are loyal to their owners. They are a hair dog so they are non shedding so are easier on people with allergies. If you are interested in adding a new member to your family who will love you for life please call or e-mail at 530-846-1251, email@example.com will hold till Christmas with a deposit if needed. More info Email a friend |
PETS FOR SALE: BLACK AND WHITE SHIHTZU MALE PUPPY--CKC REGISTERED--SHOTS UP TO DATE--FLEA TREATED--VERY SWEET AND SOCIABLE--LOVES KIDS--CATS AND DOGS--WORKING ON HOUSE MANNERS--HE IS MY PICK OF LITTER PUPPY--WE ARE LOCATED BETWEEN GERBER AND CORNING--ABOUT 2 HOURS NORTH OF SAC.. HE IS WELL WORTH THE DRIVE--PRICED VERY REASONABLE--ONLY $250.00 CASH--CALL 530--385-1884 More info Email a friend |
Akc Pomeranian puppies
PETS FOR SALE: Akc Pomeranian puppies,teddy bear cute. $500 please call . 530-300-2930 thank you ! More info Email a friend |
Old Fashioned White German Shepherd Pup!
PETS FOR SALE: We have a litter of 12 babies! Ready to go December 21st! We have 10 blk/tan pups & just 2 rare white pups! Like little polar bears! Just one of the white pups are available. Both white pups are girls. Both have outstanding personalities. Mom & Dad are 90 & 100 lbs! These girls are going to be big as adults. Mom & Dad have been hip xrayed with their hips being rated higher than 90% of all German Shepherds in the US!! They have also been tested against Degenerative Myoleopathy (DM) which causes paralysis in their spine/back legs as they age. Our dogs have never had this disease, and the testing shows that our dogs cannot pass this disease on to their pups! Mom & Dad are both traditional short coated black & tan dogs, but carry the gene for recessive white. So they always give us a couple of white polar bears in their litters! See pictures of mom & dad. Mom with the pups & dad with a toy in his mouth. Also see pictures of full siblings so you'll get a preview of what these girls will look like! We offer a 2 year genetic guarantee & lifetime support for each pup that comes from us! Over 25 years of healthy dogs & happy owners! Pups have been hand raised in a home setting. No kennels! See our website here: www.salhausgermanshepherds.com. Email me here:firstname.lastname@example.com. Or call me at 916-715-6833! More info Email a friend |
PETS FOR SALE: AKC Registered, Male boxer pup red fawn/ black mask tails and dew claws done. Dewormed and vaccinations UTD $700.00 707-693-5436 More info Email a friend |
AKC Yellow lab puppies
PETS FOR SALE: 5 females 2 males yellow lab puppies, will be ready 22 Dec, dew claws removed, will have 1st shots and deworming, AKC registered, both parents on site $600 More info Email a friend |


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Just within short walking distance of town, this Inn was perfect for our romantic anniversary overnight. Hosts Jason and Mikiko were incredibly and warmly welcoming. They made our stay perfect with every detail, from our accommodations to the amazing Japanese breakfast, and an impromptu fire under a full moon. We had a great time and look forward to going back!
- Also Known As:
- Kaede b&b
- Kaede Hotel Ipswich
- Kaede Hotel


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Expand your photographic education with National Geographic photography guides to gain insight from our field-tested tips for capturing the perfect shot. Our photography books and guides offer educational training on how to capture breathtaking images of landscapes, wildlife, and birds as well as the expressiveness of portraits. Try the National Geographic Ultimate Field Guide to Photography for a thorough how-to guide for the amateur photographer or the Ultimate Field Guide to Travel Photography for tips from photography veterans. Shop our various guides to digital photography and video, as well as black and white photography tips.
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Posted: Aug 3, 2012 6:20 PM
TUCSON - NASA is heading back to the red planet with some help from the University of Arizona.
The University of Arizona is taking part in one of the biggest and most expensive rovers ever sent to Mars. Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity is the size of a small SUV and ran up a bill of $2.5 billion over the course of a decade.
The ground breaking technique to get Curiosity to the Martian surface has been dubbed "7 Minutes of Terror" by NASA. Seven minutes is the time it takes the vehicle to go from 13,000mph to a standstill on the red planet's surface. To watch an animation of the rover's Sci-Fi like landing click here. Assuming the "7 minutes of Terror" goes off without a hitch Curiosity will perform a laundry list of tasks over a two year period with one main goal in sight.
UA Professor of Planetary Sciences William Boynton explains, "The main mission of the Curiosity rover is to look at the habitability of Mars to see if it might have been able to support life in the past."
One of the main building blocks of life, water, is exactly where the University of Arizona comes into play. William Boynton has worked with Russian counterparts to come up with an instrument called DAN. "The instrument DANs purpose is to look for soil moisture," says Boynton. This sophisticated piece of technology measures the moisture content by sending neutrons into the soil and analyzing the data sent back to the instrument.
U of A's hand in the red planted mission doesn't stop there. Curiosity is also equipped with a "Hi-Rise" camera that is run by the University and other instruments that use X-rays to identify minerals.
Tomorrow the U of A's Science Downtown Museum will host a "Tucson Lands on Mars" exhibit all day. For more info on that event click here. For more information on a live viewing party being held at Sky Bar click here.
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Background Dairy food and calcium intakes have been hypothesized to play roles that differ among individual cancer sites, but the evidence has been limited and inconsistent. Moreover, their effect on cancer in total is unclear.
Methods Dairy food and calcium intakes in relation to total cancer as well as cancer at individual sites were examined in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP (formerly known as the American Association of Retired Persons) Diet and Health Study. Intakes of dairy food and calcium from foods and supplements were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Incident cancer cases were identified through linkage with state cancer registries. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate relative risks and 2-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results During an average of 7 years of follow-up, we identified 36 965 and 16 605 cancer cases in men and women, respectively. Calcium intake was not related to total cancer in men but was nonlinearly associated with total cancer in women: the risk decreased up to approximately 1300 mg/d, above which no further risk reduction was observed. In both men and women, dairy food and calcium intakes were inversely associated with cancers of the digestive system (multivariate relative risk for the highest quintile of total calcium vs the lowest, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77-0.92 in men, and 0.77; 95% CI, 0.69-0.91 in women). Decreased risk was particularly pronounced with colorectal cancer. Supplemental calcium intake was also inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk.
Conclusion Our study suggests that calcium intake is associated with a lower risk of total cancer and cancers of the digestive system, especially colorectal cancer.
Because of the benefit of calcium on bone health,1 dietary guidance has emphasized intakes of both calcium and dairy food. For example, the Institute of Medicine recommends 1200 mg/d of calcium for adults aged 50 years and older,1 and the 2005 dietary guidelines for Americans2 recommend 3 cups per day of fat-free or low-fat dairy food.
The role of dairy food and calcium intakes in cancer, however, has engendered considerable controversy owing to observations from epidemiologic studies of protective, null, and even positive associations for different organ sites.3- 7 Dairy food and calcium intakes have been consistently inversely associated with colorectal cancer,3 whereas few studies have suggested possible inverse associations with lung and breast cancer.4,5 On the other hand, positive associations have been reported for prostate and ovarian cancer.6,7
Because of limited evidence on the relationship of dairy food and calcium intakes to cancers at individual sites, especially cancers with a relatively low incidence, it has been difficult to assess the overall effect of dairy food and calcium intakes on total cancer. Therefore, in a large cohort of men and women, we examined whether intakes of dairy food and calcium were associated with risk of total cancer as well as cancer at multiple individual sites.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP (formerly known as the American Association of Retired Persons) Diet and Health Study, a collaboration between the NIH and AARP, mailed a questionnaire to AARP members aged 50 to 71 years who resided in 1 of 6 US states (California, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania) and 2 metropolitan areas (Atlanta, Georgia, and Detroit, Michigan) in 1995 and 1996.8 Among 567 169 participants who returned questionnaires, we excluded individuals who (1) provided duplicate questionnaires (n = 179); (2) requested to be withdrawn (n = 6); (3) had moved out of the study area or died before baseline (n = 582); (4) indicated that they were proxies for the intended respondents (n = 15 760); (5) had any prevalent cancer except nonmelanoma skin cancer at baseline (n = 51 193); and (6) had reported end-stage renal disease at baseline (n = 997). Also, we excluded individuals who reported extreme intakes (greater than twice the interquartile ranges above the 75th percentile or below the 25th percentile of sex-specific log-transformed intake) of total energy (n = 4417) and calcium from foods (n = 1225). After these exclusions, the analytic cohort consisted of 293 907 men and 198 903 women. For analyses of ovarian and endometrial cancer, we excluded women who reported, respectively, a history of oophorectomy (n = 43 536) and hysterectomy (n = 81 025) at baseline. The study was approved by the National Cancer Institute Special Studies Institutional Review Board.
At baseline in 1995 and 1996, dietary intake was assessed with a self-administered 124-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), an earlier grid-based version of the Diet History Questionnaire developed at the National Cancer Institute.9 Participants were asked to report their usual frequency of intake and portion size over the last 12 months using 10 predefined frequency categories ranging from "never" to "6+ times per day" for beverages and from "never" to "2+ times per day" for solid foods as well as 3 categories of portion size. The food items, portion sizes, and nutrient database were constructed using the US Department of Agriculture's 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals.10,11 The FFQ also asked about frequency and types of multivitamins and frequency and dosage of individual calcium supplements, including calcium-containing antacids (eg, Tums). Calcium intake was estimated from foods only (dietary calcium) and from foods and supplements combined (total calcium). Dietary calcium intake was adjusted for total energy intake using the residual method.12
Dairy food and its serving sizes were defined by the Pyramid Servings Database corresponding to the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, which used a recipe file to disaggregate food mixtures into their component ingredients and assigned them to food groups. One serving of dairy food was defined according to standard portion sizes developed by the US Department of Agriculture, such as 1 cup of milk or yogurt, 1.5 oz of natural cheese, or 2 oz of processed cheese.13 We did not consider butter a dairy food because it has not generally been included in the dairy food category in previous studies and was not a major contributor to calcium intake. The FFQ used in the study was calibrated against 2 nonconsecutive 24-hour dietary recalls in 1953 AARP participants.14 The energy-adjusted correlation coefficient of dietary calcium intake between a FFQ and the reference method was 0.63 in men and 0.64 in women.
In the baseline questionnaire, we also asked about demographic characteristics, current body weight and height, medical history, family history of cancer, and lifestyle factors, including frequency of vigorous physical activity that lasted at least 20 minutes, smoking status, time since quitting smoking, and smoking dose. In a subsequent questionnaire mailed in 1996 and 1997, we asked for a detailed medical history, including medication use and prostate cancer screening using a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.
During follow-up from 1995 to 2003, cancer cases were identified through probabilistic linkage with a cancer registry database from the original 8 states and 3 additional states (Arizona, Nevada, and Texas). We expanded the cancer ascertainment areas to follow up participants who moved to those states. The cancer registries are certified by the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries as being at least 90% complete within 2 years of cancer occurrence. Our case ascertainment method has been described in a previous study, which demonstrated that approximately 90% of cancers were identified through the registries.15 Vital status was ascertained through annual linkage of the cohort to the Social Security Administration Death Master File in the United States, follow-up searches of the National Death Index Plus for participants who matched to the Social Security Administration Death Master File, cancer registry linkage, questionnaire responses, and responses to other mailings.
Incident cancer cases were invasive and consisted only of the first malignant neoplasm diagnosed during the follow-up period if multiple cancers had been diagnosed in the same participant. We defined cancers using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results site recode and the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition,16 code: head and neck (C000-C009, C019-C119, C129-C140, C142-C148, C300-C301, C310-C329, C339-C349, C381-C384, C388, C390, C398, and C399), esophageal (C150-C159), stomach (C160-C169), colorectal (C180-C189, C199, C209, and C260), liver (C220 and C221), pancreatic (C250-C259), lung (C340-C349), breast (C500-C509), ovarian (C569), endometrial (C540-C549 and C559), prostate (C619), bladder (C670-C679), kidney (C649 and C659), thyroid (C739), and brain (C710-C719) cancer. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), leukemia, and myeloma were also defined by the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. Total cancer included those cancers listed above, skin cancer (excluding basal and squamous cell cancer), other miscellaneous cancers, and unspecified cancers. We also grouped cancers by anatomical area: head and neck, digestive system (C150-C189, C199, C209-C212, C218, C220-C221, C239-C260, C268-C269, C480-C482, and C488); respiratory system, excluding larynx (C300-C301, C310-C319, C339-C349, C381-C384, C388, C390, C398, and C399); reproductive system (men: C600-C609, C619-C639; women: C510-C519, C529-C549, C559, and C569-C589); urinary system (C649, C659, and C669-C689); brain and other nervous systems (C700-C729); endocrine system (C739-C759, and C379); and others.
We estimated relative risks (RRs) and 2-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with the Cox proportional hazards model17 using the SAS PROC PHREG procedure.18 We calculated person-years of follow-up time from the date of the baseline questionnaire until the date of cancer diagnosis, death, move out of the registry areas, or end of follow-up (December 31, 2003), whichever occurred first. We confirmed that the proportional hazards assumption was met for the main exposures and covariates by including interaction terms with time and using the Wald χ2 procedure to test whether all coefficients equaled 0. For dairy food analyses, we used a nutrient density model, in which daily intake was expressed as number of pyramid servings per 1000 kcal of total energy intake. The RRs were estimated according to sex-specific quintiles of dairy food and dietary and total calcium intakes. Supplemental calcium intake was categorized into 4 groups (0, >0-<400, 400-<1000, and ≥1000 mg/d). We performed a test for linear trend across quintiles and categories of intake using the median value in each quintile or category.
In multivariate models, we adjusted for potential risk factors pertinent to individual cancers and listed covariates for site-specific cancers in table footnotes. Potential risk factors examined were race/ethnicity; education; marital status; body mass index; family history of cancer; vigorous physical activity; smoking status; time since quitting smoking; smoking dose; personal history of hypertension and diabetes; antacid use; consumption of alcohol and total beverages; intake of fruits and vegetables, red meat, whole grains, tomatoes, total fat, protein, folate, α-linoleic acid, selenium, and total energy; PSA test in men; menopausal hormone therapy and duration; parity; oral contraceptive use; age at menopause; and history of oophorectomy and hysterectomy in women. Dietary and supplemental calcium intakes were mutually adjusted in the multivariate models.
We assigned missing responses in most of the covariates (missingness <4%) to their respective reference group after checking that cancer risk in individuals with such missing values did not statistically significantly differ from that of individuals in the reference group using a Wald statistic. However, we created an indicator variable for missing responses for smoking, antacid use, personal history of hypertension, and PSA test because individuals with missing responses in those variables showed a significantly different risk of cancer than their respective reference group. In sensitivity analyses, we analyzed the data using an indicator variable for missing responses in each covariate,19,20 excluding participants with missing responses in any covariate.21 We found that the results from these methods were similar to those of the main analyses.
We examined whether the associations for dairy food and calcium intakes differed by sex by including a cross-product term of sex and intake of dairy food or calcium, and no significant interaction was observed. We also tested whether dairy food and total calcium intakes were log-linearly associated with risk of total cancer by comparing a nonparametric regression curve obtained using restricted cubic splines with the linear model.22 We used the likelihood ratio test and visual inspection of the restricted cubic splines. We identified the number and location of the knots through a stepwise selection process.
During 3 383 377 person-years of follow-up, we identified 36 965 cancer cases in men and 16 605 cancer cases in women. The 10th to 90th percentiles of dietary and total calcium and dairy food intakes were 478 to 1247 mg/d, 526 to 1530 mg/d, and 0.3 to 2.9 servings per day, respectively, in men and 409 to 1101 mg/d, 494 to 1881 mg/d, and 0.3 to 2.7 servings per day, respectively, in women. Dairy food intake was positively correlated with dietary calcium intake (r = 0.83 in men and 0.82 in women) and total calcium intake (r = 0.68 in men and 0.47 in women), and dietary calcium intake was also positively correlated with total calcium intake (r = 0.83 in men and 0.60 in women). The prevalence of calcium-containing multivitamin use was 49% in men and 57% in women, and the prevalence of individual calcium supplement use (≥4 times/wk) was 14% in men and 41% in women.
Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of dairy food or total calcium intake, participants in the highest quintile were more likely to be white, non-Hispanic; college educated; physically active; and current menopausal hormone therapy users if female, but they were less likely to smoke cigarettes and to drink alcohol (Table 1). Women in the highest quintile of total calcium intake had a lower body mass index than those in the lowest quintile.
Total calcium intake was not associated with risk of total cancer incidence in men, but it was nonlinearly associated with the risk of total cancer incidence in women (P for nonlinearity, .05, Figure 1). In nonparametric regression analyses, the RRs for total cancer incidence in women decreased up to approximately 1300 mg/d of total calcium intake, and no further risk reduction was observed above 1300 mg/d. The association between total calcium intake and risk of total cancer did not differ by cancer stages or cancer grades (data not shown). In a secondary analysis excluding nonaggressive prostate cancer that contributed to a large proportion of total cancer cases, we observed a weak inverse association between total calcium intake and total cancer incidence in men. With the lowest quintile of total calcium intake as reference, the multivariate RRs for total cancer incidence in the second through the highest quintile were 1.00, 0.98, 0.99, and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.92-1.02; P for trend, .16) in men.
Nonparametric regression curve for the association between total calcium intake and risk of all cancers for men (A) and women (B). Both models were adjusted for race/ethnicity, education, marital status, body mass index, family history of cancer, vigorous physical activity, smoking status, time since quitting smoking, smoking dose, antacid use, personal history of diabetes and hypertension, alcohol consumption, and intakes of fat, red meat, fruits and vegetables, whole grains, protein, beverages, folate, tomatoes, α-linolenic acid, selenium, and total energy. The model for men was also adjusted for prostate-specific antigen test, and the model for women was also adjusted for age at menopause, parity, oral contraceptive use, menopausal hormone therapy use, and duration of menopausal hormone therapy use.
Dairy food and dietary and supplemental calcium intakes were not related to total cancer incidence in men, whereas dietary calcium, but not dairy food or supplemental calcium, intake was inversely related to total cancer incidence in women (Table 2 and Table 3). When cancers diagnosed during the first 2 years of follow-up were excluded, the association with total cancer became slightly stronger for dietary calcium intake in men (multivariate RR in the highest quintile vs the lowest quintile [RRQ5 vs Q1] = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92-1.00; P for trend, .05 [n = 27 720 cases]) and for dairy food intake in women (multivariate RRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.99; P for trend, .01 [n = 12 395 cases]).
Death from total cancer and death from cardiovascular disease in relation to dairy food and calcium intakes were examined. Dairy food and dietary, supplemental, and total calcium intakes were not associated with total cancer mortality in both men (n = 8787 deaths) and women (n = 4479 deaths): the multivariate RRQ5 vs Q1 for dairy food and total calcium intakes was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.97-1.14) and 1.02 (95% CI, 0.94-1.11), respectively, in men and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.84-1.04) and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.87-1.08), respectively, in women.
Total calcium intake was related to a 16% lower risk of cancers of the digestive system in men (multivariate RRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77-0.92) and a 23% lower risk in women (multivariate RRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.69-0.91, Figure 2). Similar inverse association with cancers of the digestive system was observed for dairy food intake in both men and women (data not shown). Total calcium and dairy food intakes were not associated with cancer in any other anatomical systems.
Multivariate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals of cancers by anatomical area comparing the highest quintile of total calcium intake with the lowest. The multivariate RR was adjusted for race/ethnicity, education, marital status, body mass index, family history of cancer, vigorous physical activity, alcohol consumption, and intakes of red meat and total energy plus the additional variables that are listed in each footnote. The squares and horizontal lines correspond with the multivariate RR and the 95% confidence intervals. *Adjusted for the variables listed for the multivariate RR plus smoking status, time since quitting smoking, smoking dose, intake of fruits and vegetables, and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) use in women. †Adjusted for the variables listed for the multivariate RR plus smoking status, time since quitting smoking, smoking dose, MHT use in women, antacid use, and intakes of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and folate. ‡Adjusted for the variables listed for the multivariate RR plus smoking status, time since quitting smoking, smoking dose, and MHT use in women. §Adjusted for the variables listed for the multivariate RR plus smoking, personal history of diabetes, prostate-specific antigen test, and intakes of tomatoes, α-linolenic acid, and selenium in men as well as for smoking, MHT use, parity, oral contraceptive use, personal history of oophorectomy and hysterectomy, and intake of fat in women.∥Adjusted for variables listed for the multivariate RR plus smoking status, time since quitting smoking, smoking dose, personal history of diabetes and hypertension, parity, MHT and oral contraceptive use in women, as well as for intakes of fruits and vegetables, total beverages, and protein.
For specific cancers in men, dairy food intake was inversely associated with cancers of the head and neck, esophagus, stomach, colorectum, and bladder, whereas it was positively associated with prostate cancer (Table 2). Dietary and supplemental calcium intakes were also significantly inversely associated with colorectal cancer. Total calcium intake was significantly related to a lower risk of colorectal cancer and showed a weak inverse association with kidney cancer. On the other hand, total calcium intake was not related to prostate cancer.
In women, intake of dairy food was significantly inversely associated with colorectal cancer and showed a weak inverse association with stomach cancer (Table 3). Dietary, supplemental, and total calcium intakes were also inversely related to colorectal cancer. Supplemental calcium intake was also inversely associated with liver cancer, while total calcium intake was related to an increased risk of NHL. Dairy food, dietary, supplemental, and total calcium intakes were not related to breast, ovarian, or endometrial cancer.
When we examined the associations among men and women combined, we found that the results for esophageal, stomach, liver, pancreatic, and brain cancer were similar to those for men alone. We also observed that total calcium intake was now significantly inversely associated with kidney cancer (multivariate RRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.94; P for trend, .01).
In this large prospective cohort study, we found that total calcium intake was nonlinearly associated with total cancer incidence in women: the risk decreased up to approximately 1300 mg/d, after which no further risk reduction was observed. The associations with dairy food and calcium intakes differed among individual cancer sites. Dairy food and calcium intakes were inversely associated with cancers of the digestive system in both men and women, especially with colorectal cancer. Supplemental calcium intake was also inversely associated with colorectal cancer. Calcium intake was not related to breast or prostate cancer.
Dairy food and calcium intakes have been hypothesized to play roles that differ among individual cancer sites. Dairy food, which is relatively high in potentially anticarcinogenic nutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, and conjugated linoleic acid, has been postulated to protect against the development of colorectal and breast cancer.4,23 Calcium has been shown to reduce proliferation, to stimulate differentiation, and to induce apoptosis in cells in the gastrointestinal tract and breast.24,25 Also, the binding of calcium to bile and fatty acids in the gastrointestinal tract has been hypothesized to reduce damage to large-bowel mucosa.24 Nevertheless, high calcium intake has been hypothesized to increase the risk of prostate cancer by suppressing 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D, thereby offsetting a potential anticarcinogenic effect of vitamin D.26 Dairy food has also been found to increase insulin-like growth factor 1, a potent mitogen associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.27,28
We found that total calcium intake was nonlinearly inversely associated with total cancer in women. In contrast, the Women's Health Initiative Study, a randomized clinical trial of daily supplementation of 1000 mg of calcium combined with 400 IU of vitamin D for an average of 7 years, found no effect on total cancer incidence among postmenopausal women (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.91-1.05 [total cancer cases,1634 in treatment group and 1655 in placebo group]).29 We note, however, that in the Women's Health Initiative Study, two-thirds of women had at least 800 mg/d of the total calcium at baseline and the total number of cancer cases was small.
Consistent with previous studies,3,23 we found that intakes of dairy food and calcium were significantly inversely associated with risk of colorectal cancer. In a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies,3 a 15% to 20% lower risk of colorectal cancer was observed for total calcium (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69-0.88 for the highest vs lowest quintile) and milk (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78-0.94 for <70 g/d vs ≥250 g/d). Furthermore, randomized clinical trials have found that calcium supplementation reduced recurrence of colorectal adenomas, which are precursors of colorectal cancer.30,31
A limited number of studies, most with case-control designs, have examined dairy food and calcium intakes in relation to head and neck, esophageal, and stomach cancer. Few studies have observed inverse associations of dairy food and calcium intakes with head and neck32,33 and esophageal cancer34- 36; other studies have found no associations with cancer in the head and neck,37 esophagus,38- 42 or stomach.34,35,42,43 Our study is one of the first large prospective cohort studies to examine dairy food and calcium intakes in relation to these cancers. We found that intakes of dairy food and dietary calcium were inversely associated with cancers of the digestive system in men, while supplemental and total calcium intakes showed suggestive inverse associations in women. Calcium supplement use in men tended to be less prevalent and consistent and therefore more likely to be measured with error, which may explain why the calcium association in men was reflected in dairy food and dietary calcium intakes. In women, the associations for supplemental and total calcium intakes did not achieve statistical significance, but the numbers of cases of these cancers were small. Overall, our findings suggest that calcium intake plays a role in preventing cancers of the digestive system. However, we cannot exclude the possibility of confounding by vitamin D found in dairy food and supplements. Vitamin D, which is tightly related to calcium regulation in the body, has been inversely associated with digestive system cancers in other studies.44
In women, supplemental calcium intake was inversely associated with liver cancer, but it was positively related to NHL. Given that the association with liver cancer was observed only in women and that the number of liver cancer cases was small, this finding is likely due to chance. Few studies45- 48 that have investigated the association between dairy food or calcium intake and NHL have suggested that the intake of dairy food was associated with an increased risk of NHL. Further investigation of dairy food and calcium intakes in relation to cancers in liver and NHL is warranted.
The associations between dairy food and calcium intakes and breast cancer have been either null or inverse.4,49- 52 Cohort studies that found dairy food and calcium intakes to be inversely associated with breast cancer suggested that the associations may differ by menopausal status50,51 or estrogen receptor status of the tumor.52 Our study, which was conducted mainly among postmenopausal women, found that dairy food and calcium intakes were not associated with breast cancer. Further studies examining the associations by tumor characteristics of breast cancer and by menopausal status might be informative.
Despite the existence of plausible biologic mechanisms, the effects of dairy food and calcium intakes on prostate cancer are unclear. Epidemiologic studies have found null53- 55 as well as positive7,56- 58 associations for intakes of dairy food and calcium. Among studies that observed a positive association between calcium intake and prostate cancer, a significantly increased risk was generally found only with very high calcium intake (2000 mg/d compared with approximately <750 mg/d) or in advanced prostate cancer.7,56 However, our study found that calcium, even at a very high intake (≥2000 mg/d vs 500-<750 mg/d), was not associated with prostate cancer.59
Our study has some limitations. First, we did not examine whether associations with intakes of dairy food and calcium differed by tumor subtype or tumor aggressiveness of site-specific cancers. It is possible that we missed some associations that may exist only for certain tumor subtypes or aggressive tumors. Second, although we adjusted for all potential risk factors available in our study for site-specific cancers, residual confounding by unknown or unmeasured risk factors may exist for some cancers. Third, in analyses of low-incidence cancers, especially cancers in women with small numbers of cases, we had limited statistical power to examine an association, and some findings may be attributable to chance. Finally, because diet was assessed only once at baseline, it may not reflect long-term usual intake as accurately as repeated measurements of diet during follow-up. Also, we could not examine whether dairy food and calcium intakes during earlier life periods or lifelong cumulative intakes are related to cancer risk.
Nevertheless, our study is one of the first cohort studies to examine dairy food and calcium intakes in relation to total cancer as well as low-incidence cancers. Moreover, our prospective design avoids the recall and selection biases that can affect results from case-control studies. Our study had high statistical power, with more than 53 000 total cancers and at least 100 cases of most individual cancers. Therefore, substantial effects of dairy food and calcium intakes were unlikely to have been missed. A further strength of our study is that we rigorously controlled for all potential risk factors, including both dietary and lifestyle factors for each site-specific cancer. In conclusion, our findings suggest that calcium intake consistent with current recommendations is associated with a lower risk of total cancer in women and cancers of the digestive system, especially colorectal cancer, in both men and women.
Correspondence: Yikyung Park, ScD, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20852 (email@example.com).
Accepted for Publication: June 30, 2008.
Author Contributions: Dr Park had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Park, Leitzmann, Subar, and Schatzkin. Acquisition of data: Subar, Hollenbeck, and Schatzkin. Analysis and interpretation of data: Park, Leitzmann, Subar, and Schatzkin. Drafting of the manuscript: Park, Leitzmann, and Hollenbeck. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Park, Leitzmann, Subar, Hollenbeck, and Schatzkin. Statistical analysis: Park and Leitzmann. Obtained funding: Schatzkin. Administrative, technical, and material support: Subar, Hollenbeck, and Schatzkin. Study supervision: Leitzmann and Schatzkin.
Financial Disclosure: None reported.
Funding/Support: The study was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health.
Role of the Sponsors: The funding source had no role in the design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation of the study or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Additional Contributions: We are indebted to the participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study for their outstanding cooperation. Also, we thank cancer registries in Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Texas.
Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature
Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal
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Posted: Jan 23, 2013 1:38 PM by The Associated Press
SANTA ROSA, Calif. (AP) - The popular wine known as "Two-Buck Chuck" will need a new name after the bargain beverage's price was raised.
The Santa Rosa Press Democrat reports that over the past decade shoppers at Trader Joe's California stores paid $1.99 for a bottle of Charles Shaw shiraz or cabernet sauvignon.
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Did you know this year's current 6th grade class will be the first to start and finish in the new Clarkston High School building if the February 2014 bond is approved? Save the date for January 11th or 14th when we hold our next tours of CHS. Parents, families and community members are invited to attend a tour of the high school to see the current facilities and proposed renovations that are part of the 2014 bond. Read more here.
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Junior High
High Schools
Early Learning Center
The elementary art program will place emphasis upon the development of the individual as a creative and visually literate person. Through the teaching of Art Criticism, Art History, Aesthetics, and Art Production, the students will gain an appreciation of art, discover how art reflects past and present cultures, and learn art techniques and processes. Art is a necessary part of the development of the elementary child and will be taught by an Art Specialist in a separate art room.
Throughout the district, elementary students receive music instruction by a music specialist in first through fifth grade. Music is taught in 30-minute sessions twice per week. Each grade utilizes different songs and activities to meet the Illinois Learning Standards for the Fine Arts-Music. Students sing and play various classroom instruments including drums, bells and xylophones. At the end of each quarter, your child will receive a grade for music based on their skills and participation effort.
Physical Education
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