text:
Ultra Series Commerical Doors
Ultra Series
- Wood interior
- Extruded aluminum clad exterior on frames and most sash
- Fluoropolymer exterior finish
- 35+ exterior color options
- 30-yr limited exterior finish warranty
FSC-COC Certified Wood Available
Ultra Series Commerical Doors
- Wood interior
- Extruded aluminum clad exterior
- Fluoropolymer exterior finish
- 35+ exterior color options
- 30-year ltd ext finish warranty
- Outswing operation with a handicap thermal break sill
- LVL locking stiles
- 4-5/8" wide stiles, 3" and 6" options
- 4-5/8" top rail, 6" option
- 7-9/16" wide bottom rail, 12-5/8" option
- Double doors are sized for an optional center closure seal
FSC-COC Certified Wood Available
Commercial Door Configurations
- Outswing doors
- Add a transom and sidelites to complete the look of your grand entrance
NOTE: The configurations and grille patterns shown above are just an overview of what's available. Talk to your Kolbe dealer for more information.
Glass Terminology, Features & Benefits (expand for details -->)
Standard Double Pane Insulating Glass for Energy Efficiency across U.S. Climate Zones
- Double Pane Insulating Glass (standard)
- LoE²-270 (standard) or substitute a different LoE coating such as LoE²-240 or LoE³-366 (option)
- Argon Gas (standard)
- Thermo-Edge, Stainless Steel Spacer Bars (standard)
NOTE: Features and definitions are available above by expanding 'Glass Terminology, Features & Benefits'
Glass Option - ThermaPlus
- Double Pane Insulating Glass
- LoE²-270 (or substitute a different LoE coating, such as LoE³-366 or LoE²-240)
- Argon Gas
- ThermaPlus Coating on indoor surface of the glass
- Specially-designed, heat-activated coating augments the energy efficiency
- Designed to meet increasingly stringent energy requirements for tax credit eligibility
- Thermo-Edge, Stainless Steel Spacer Bars
Glass Option - For Safety, Security & Quiet
- Double Pane Insulating Glass
- LoE Coating Options
- Argon Gas
- Thermo-Edge, Stainless Steel Spacer Bars
- Laminated Glass - two pieces of glass fused together with a plastic interlayer
- Helps prevent broken glass from causing injury
- Helps to protect against intruders
- Greater UV blockage prevents furniture and fabrics from fading
- Reduces sound transmission
NOTE: Either one or both pane(s) may be laminated. If products must meet specific impact or design pressure ratings, they may or may not incorporate laminated glass, and may require construction and structural modifications as well.
Glass Option - Impact Resistance
- Laminated glass with impact resistance adds protection in severe weather
- Specific impact certification levels may require other impact glass features plus product modifications
Glass Option - Neat Glass
You may request Neat® glass on any product with double or triple pane glass and LoE coating(s)*. Here are the benefits:
- Rain sheets off more efficiently, so water spotting is reduced
- Dirt washes away in the rain more readily, so you spend less time cleaning
- Allows more daylight in than comparable competitive products
How does it work?
A titanium dioxide layer is applied, which reacts chemically with the sun's UV rays and causes organic materials to decompose. When it rains, the dirt rinses away. Plus smoother glass is cleaner glass. The sputter coating process makes the glass ultra smooth, so the water "sheets off" more readily than it would on uncoated glass, and it allows more visible light transmittance than any comparable competitive product.
*Except units with specialty glass on surface #1 or #2
Glass Option - Preserve Protective Film
- Recommended for all windows & doors to protect the glass during shipping & installation
- Film applied to the interior and exterior of insulating glass as they are assembled
- After installation simply peel the film off the glass, and along goes job site dirt and debris, as well as paint or stain spatters. What's left is clean and clear – beautiful windows and doors.
Provides protection during:
- Glazing and assembly of the windows and doors
- Packaging, loading and shipping processes
- Unloading, carried onto the job site, exposure to daily construction
- Installation
NOTE: Not available on single-glazed units, units with true divided lites or other small insulating glass units, or some types of decorative glass. Contact your local Kolbe dealer for more information.
Glass Option - Elegant Beauty
Finely Crafted Glass
Custom glass options catch and beautifully cast light into your home; some finely crafted glass may include:
- Clear Baroque glass (#1 shown) or Colored Baroque glass (Gray, #10)
- Clear Beveled glass (#2 shown) or Colored Beveled glass (Gray, #8)
- Colored Glass in Custom Designs (#3)
- V-Grooves (#4), Etched Patterns and/or Frosted glass
- Colored Water glass (Pink, #5 shown) or Clear Water glass (#7)
- Brass (#9), Lead, or Zinc (#6) Caming
- Crafted elements are within a Triple Pane Insulating Glass unit to make cleaning easy, protect the beauty, and add insulating value
- Many types obscure visibility for increased privacy
NOTE: Not available with LoE coatings, argon gas or Thermo-Edge spacer bars
Glass Option - Privacy or Aesthetic Interest
Patterned Obscure Glass
- Obscures visibility for increased privacy
Variety of attractive patterns:
- Pattern 62
- Glue Chip
- Rain
- Frosted Matte
- Aquatex
- Industrex
- Reeded (vertical)
- Reeded (horizontal)
NOTES: Other patterns may be available by special order. Rain is not available with PDL bars on the obscure glass surface. Ratings for products with obscured or wired glass and/or stained glass shall be deemed to be equivalent to the ratings for clear glass (NFRC 200 Section 4.5.G).
Divided Lites
The PDL System for Ultra, Heritage & Classic Series Products
The Performance Divided Lite (PDL) system uses a single insulating glass unit, which offers much better U-factors than true divided lite units. This is due to the large, unobstructed thermal break created by airflow within the insulating glass unit.
- Wood bars are adhered to the interior of the insulating glass unit*
- Aluminum, beveled-profile bars are adhered to the exterior*
- Champagne-colored bars are held within the insulating glass unit
*Some intricate designs and coastal applications may require a composite material for the exterior PDL bars.
PDL bars
- Exterior & interior bars are finished to match the exterior or interior of the window or door unit
- Optional bar widths: 5/8", 7/8", 1-1/8", 1-3/4", 2-1/4", 4-1/2" and custom
- Interior bar profiles: beveled (standard), ovolo, and square
NOTE: Double pane insulating glass have one bar within the insulating glass unit, as shown above. Triple pane insulating glass have two bars, one in each airspace. Limitations may apply, especially to curved bars.
Glazing Bead
On-screen images of finishes and colors may vary slightly from actual colors. Selections should be made based on actual color samples. Prices may vary depending on the color or finish chosen.
Operating Hardware
- Double Doors: no bore, no lock
- Single Doors: no bore, no lock
- Double Doors: prep for boring
- Single Doors: 3-point multi-point locking hardware (handle set options below)
- 2-point flush bolt lock on less active panel of French doors
Toronto, München* & Verona Handle Sets for Swinging Doors & Access Panels of Folding Door Units
- Finishes include Bright Brass PVD, Satin Nickel PVD, Antique Nickel PVD, Antique Brass, Oil-Rubbed**, Rustic Umber, Matte Black and Smoky Gray PVD***
Available with either single- or multi-point lock
*München handles are not available on doors with 3" wide stiles
**Oil-rubbed is a living finish which will change appearance over time
***PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) finish is an application over the color which helps protect the hardware against tarnishing, peeling and cracking
Dallas Handle Sets for Swinging Doors
- Dallas handle sets are available for most inswing and outswing doors, and swinging access panels that may be part of folding window and door systems
- Finishes include:
- Satin Nickel PVD
- Bright Brass PVD
- Smoky Gray PVD
- Keyed cylinders (4) are available
Non-Adjustable Commercial-Grade Hinges for Swinging Doors
- Non-adjustable, commercial-grade ball-bearing hinges with square corners are standard for commercial doors and optional for all other swinging doors
- 4x4 hinge finishes: Bright Brass, Antique Brass, Stainless Steel, and Oil-Rubbed**
- 4-1/2 x 4-1/2 hinge finishes: Bright Brass and Oil-Rubbed**
**Oil-rubbed is a "living finish" which will change appearance over time
Sill Options
Depending on what your needs are, Kolbe offers a variety of sills to work in any situation.
ADA-Compliant Sill with Thermal Break
- Optional on all inswing & outswing entrance doors
- For projects that require ADA-compliant sills in cold climates
- Bronze anodized finish
Sill Option
- No sill
Exterior Material
Extruded Aluminum Cladding - Sash
- Durable .062" thick cladding of 6063 extruded aluminum alloy
- Press-fit onto the exterior wood sash
Aluminum Cladding - Door Sash with Raised Panels
- Durable .040" thick cladding of 1100 stamped aluminum alloy
Extruded Aluminum Cladding - Frame
- Durable .050" thick cladding of 6063 extruded aluminum alloy
- Press-fit onto the exterior wood frame
Exterior Finish/Colors
Fluoropolymer Exterior Finish
- 70% PVDF fluoropolymer exterior finish
- Meets performance requirements of AAMA 2605-05 – the most stringent testing procedures for organic coatings on aluminum extrusions
- Resists chemicals, abrasion, corrosion, chalking and erosion
- Maintains film integrity, retains the color and gloss
- 30-year warranty extended directly to the homeowner (view Warranties)
Fluoropolymer Exterior Finish Colors
NOTES: Custom colors are available; simply provide a sample to your dealer.
On-screen images of exterior finishes may vary slightly from actual colors. Selections should be made based on actual color samples.
Anodized Exterior Finish
Anodized finishes are created by coating a metallic surface electrolytically with an oxide film. They are metallic specialty colors which will incur an added charge and possible longer lead times. Talk to your Kolbe dealer for more information. Anodized finish is a special order available for most VistaLuxe Collection and Ultra Series units.
NOTES: On-screen images of exterior finishes may vary slightly from actual colors. Selections should be made based on actual color samples.
An acceptable light to dark color range is up to 5 Delta E's, per AAMA 611-98 specifications, Section 8.3. This is due to variables which include (but are not limited to) part shapes, alloy variations, and time in the anodizing process. This means that a sash part could appear slightly different in color than a frame part. This is considered acceptable. Samples of the color range are available upon request; even samples provided may vary from the final product due to these variables.
Exterior Trim
Extruded Aluminum Brickmould Options
Extruded aluminum trim is designed to offer architectural aesthetics similar to wood trim, with the added benefit of greater durability and lower maintenance. It is offered with Ultra Series products.
- Ogee casing
- Stucco trim casing
- Pavilion brickmould
- Bull nose casing
- 1-5/8" brickmould
- 1-15/16" brickmould
- 2" flat casing
- 2" flat casing with backband
- Historic brickmould
- 3-1/2" profiled brickmould
- 3-1/2" flat casing
- 3-1/2" flat casing with backband
- Beaded casing
- Beaded casing with backband
Trim is available in the same colors as window and door units; Sand fluoropolymer finish is shown. For the entire selection of colors, see Environmental Expressions Color Palette and/or Anodized Exterior Finish.
In most cases, the same color is chosen for the trim as for the window or door frame and sash. Combinations are possible, however. See the Tivoli Student Union project for an example of complementary colors used on sash vs. frame and trim, as well as custom trim profiles created for the project.
Please contact your local Kolbe dealer to explore the possibilities of creating a custom trim profile.
Keep in mind that limitations apply when combining trim options; i.e., not all brickmould profiles can be combined with all sill nosing profiles, and not all profiles are available for radius units.
Note: Extruded aluminum billet consists of 50-75% recycled material.
Extruded Aluminum Sill Nosing Options
Extruded aluminum trim is designed to offer architectural aesthetics similar to wood trim, with the added benefit of greater durability and lower maintenance. Sill nosing is available only on windows.
- Traditional sill nosing
- 1-5/8" projected sill nosing (B8309)
- 2-1/8" projected sill nosing (B8310)
- 3-1/2" flat sill nosing (BU822)
- Sill drip
- 2-1/8" historic sill nosing (B8321)
- Stucco trim sill nosing (B8330)
- 5-3/16" extended sill nosing (B8332)
Trim is available in the same colors as window and door units; Sand fluoropolymer finish is shown. For the entire selection of colors, see Environmental Expressions Color Palette and/orAnodized Exterior Finish.
In most cases, the same color is chosen for the trim as for the window or door frame and sash. Combinations are possible, however. See the Tivoli Student Union project for an example of complementary colors used on sash vs. frame and trim, as well as custom trim profiles created for the project.
Please contact your local Kolbe dealer to explore the possibilities of creating a custom trim profile.
Keep in mind that limitations apply when combining trim options; i.e., not all brickmould profiles can be combined with all sill nosing profiles.
Note: Extruded aluminum billet consists of 50-75% recycled material.
Wood Species
Wood Species
Other wood species may be available upon request.
NOTE: Because wood varies by nature, the actual wood used in our products may vary in grain and color from that shown here. Selections should be made based on actual samples.
*Bamboo is sourced from companies such as Lamboo, Inc.
FSC Certified Wood
Kolbe's wood products are constructed of pine as standard, for a stable product that will accept many beautiful finishes. Other wood species are available, as shown above.
Kolbe offers FSC COC certified wood for its VistaLuxe Collection, Ultra Series & Heritage Series products. This means it is harvested from well-managed forests and each entity that handles the wood complies with the social, economic and ecological values defined by the FSC. Learn more about FSC Certification and Kolbe's other Green & Sustainability initiatives.
Interior Trim
Interior Finish/Colors
Unless otherwise requested, products are unfinished on the interior so that they may be finished on the job site.
Factory-Applied Primer
- The interior of wood windows & doors may be ordered factory-primed
- Primer prepares your windows and doors for a beautiful, painted finish to be completed on the job site
NOTE: Limitations may apply; contact your local Kolbe dealer for more information.
Factory-Applied Clear Coat or Stain
Double Clear Coat
Let the natural beauty of the wood show with a durable clear finish. Note that when a double clear coat is requested without stain, a durable, solvent-based finish will be used.
Water-based stain is applied, then two coats of clear, water-based satin finish are applied to help protect the stain. The wood is lightly sanded between the coats. Custom stain colors may be requested.
- Double Coat Clear
- Wheat
- Red Wheat
- Light Oak 998
- Spiced Walnut
- Sunset Oak
- Chestnut
- Cherry
- Library Red
- Coffee Bean
- Ebony (custom)
NOTE: On-screen images of interior finishes may vary from actual colors. Stain colors shown on pine. Selections should be made based on actual color samples. Limitations may apply; contact your local Kolbe dealer for more information.
Factory-Applied Paint
After being factory-primed, a topcoat of water-based, acrylic type latex paint is applied. Custom colors may be requested.
NOTE: On-screen images of interior finishes may vary from actual colors. Selections should be made based on actual color samples. Limitations may apply; contact your local Kolbe dealer for more information.
Drawing Files - Misc - Specs, Opgs, Assembly for Ultra Series Commerical Doors
Download: All files below
Drawing Files - Sizes / Elevations for Ultra Series Commerical Doors
Download: All files below
Drawing Files - Section Details for Ultra Series Commerical Doors
Download: All files below
Drawing Files - Divided Lites for Ultra Series Commerical Doors
Download: All files below
Drawing Files - Installation Details for Ultra Series Commerical Doors
Download: All files below
Drawing Files - All Files for Ultra Series Commerical Doors
Download files for this product: (does not include related product models)
Use links at left to view detailed descriptions of individual files. Each page
includes a downloadable zip file of drawings in that category.
Performance Data
Product Performance Data
- Air, Water & Structural Test Reports Manual - Includes test data for both wood & vinyl windows and doors. Includes DP ratings; air and water infiltration test results (psf), and structural test results (psf), Hallmark certification numbers, TDI approval information, FL approval information, HVHZ approval information, and Dade County Notice of Acceptance. Products approved for impact performance are noted with the zone of approval.
- Acoustic Performance Data - Test data for sound transmission loss for wood and vinyl products.
Energy Data
Note: Commercial Doors
Energy ratings for Commercial Doors are the same as for Entrance Doors with similar operation (i.e., inswing or outswing).
FSC Certification
Kolbe® is proud to announce that we have been granted Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Chain-of-Custody Certification, as have many of our distributors.
The FSC is an international organization dedicated to promoting responsible management of the world's forests. FSC certification ensures that the wood in products come from well-managed forests which meet the social, economic and ecological needs of present and future generations. Chain-of-Custody is the path taken from the forest to the consumer – including each stage of transformation, manufacturing, storage and transport involving a change of ownership of the material or product.
Independent certification bodies assess chain of custody operations against FSC standards, review a company's qualifications, and award FSC certificates when operations are in full compliance. Certificates are valid for five years; however, according to FSC policy, the third party certification body must verify continued compliance. Kolbe has been awarded certification through Scientific Certification Systems, Inc. (SCS), which will conduct surveillance audits to reconfirm Kolbe's compliance on an annual basis.
Kolbe Products Available with FSC Certified Wood
FSC certified wood is an option on many Kolbe window and door products. Wood species available include alder, cherry, fir, mahogany, maple, oak, pine, walnut and other wood species. These products will be constructed using solid or edge-glued material, except for radius units. Note that some FSC-certified product may contain less than 1% non-FSC-certified wood components.
Standard and impact performance Kolbe products available with this option include:
- VistaLuxe Collection windows and doors (wood interior / extruded aluminum exterior; contemporary design)
- Ultra Series windows and doors (wood interior / extruded aluminum exterior)
- Heritage Series windows and doors (wood interior and exterior, includes Craftsman doors and Old World Classic double hungs)
FSC certified products can contribute points toward certification for LEED, Green Globes, and other green building programs. Kolbe will be happy to help architects and builders demonstrate their commitment to the environment by offering FSC-certified wood. By relying on certified architects and builders, homeowners can ensure that their project is built true to green initiatives.
For information relating to warranties, please contact your local Kolbe dealer.
Wood and Vinyl Window & Door Products (Effective Jan. 1, 2012)
Wood, Ten (10) Years, Limitations Apply | Vinyl, Limited Lifetime
Insulating Glass (Effective Jan. 1, 2012)
Products with Stainless Steel Spacers: Twenty (20) Years
Products with Aluminum Spacers: Ten (10) Years
Limitations Apply
Factory Finishes (Effective Jan. 1, 2012)
Latex Primer, Five (5) Years | K-Kron, Ten (10) Years
Vinyl Finishes & Interior Wood-Appearance Lamination, Ten (10) Years
Polyester/Alum. Clad, Twenty (20) Years | Fluoropolymer/Clad, Thirty (30) Years
Limitations Apply
International - Wood & Vinyl Window & Door Products (Effective Jan. 1, 2012)
Five (5) Years, Limitations Apply
Kolbe Flashing Information
Apr 10, 2012 - SKU# 5085340 - 3163kb
Guidelines for sealing Kolbe windows and doors during installation. Discusses the primary surface for shedding water. Includes various methods for appying flashing before and after unit installation.
Kolbe Sealant Information
May 31, 2008 - SKU# 5141500 - 192kb
General information about sealant types and sealant joint designs, such as lap joints, fillet joints and wide-butt joints. Includes comments regarding sealant performance on various building surfaces.
Maintenance Guide
Apr 02, 2008 - SKU# 5062530 - 604kb
Includes definitions and illustrations of various window and/or door components, operating & maintenance procedures for Kolbe products, cleaning products, reinstallation of removable sash, and care of hardware. Also includes frequently-asked questions about windows and/or doors, as well as information about condensation in relation to windows and doors.
Ultra, Heritage & Classic Series Swinging Doors - Shipping Clip
Apr 01, 2003 - 69kb
Instructions for reversing the mishandling device on multi-point locks for swinging doors in the field. Provided by Hoppe.
Ultra, Heritage & Classic Series Swinging Doors - Multi-Point Hardware
May 22, 2001 - SKU# ZZX110 - 666kb
Supplemental instructions for inswing patio door hardware.
Canada ENERGY STAR® Website Reference Document
Jan 29, 2008 - 883kb
This document explains how the search for Kolbe window & door product ratings on the Canadian ENERGY STAR® website.
Finishing Your Kolbe Windows & Doors
Apr 02, 2008 - SKU# 5139130 - 62kb
Includes finishing recommendations for your Kolbe windows & doors, exterior finishing of products, and interior finishing of products.
Installation Clips
Apr 01, 2008 - SKU# 5010350 - 136kb
Instructions for determining how many clips to attach and how to attach installation clips to windows and doors.
Ultra Series - Stucco Trim & Sealing
Dec 15, 2008 - SKU# 5143180 - 651kb
Instructions for preparing, applying and sealing Stucco Trim on Ultra Series products
Ultra, Heritage, Classic Series & Fiberglass Swinging Doors
May 08, 2009 - SKU# 5142290 - 775kb
Methods for installing Kolbe outswing and inswing entrance doors. Includes tools required, preparing the rough opening & unit, sealant & flashing, installing the hardware, insulation, finishing, maintenance & more.
Ultra, Heritage & Classics Series Swinging Doors - Re-Keying Lock Cylinders
Mar 15, 2010 - 101kb
Hoppe instructions for re-keying cylinders for 1-3/4 wood swinging doors per Bulletin #407; cylinder rolling change effective 03/15/10


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5 bedroom detached house for sale Northern Heights, Bourne End, Bucks, SL8
A colonial style Edwardian detached house set in a secluded plot of approximately one acre. More details ›
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6 bedroom detached house for sale Riversdale, Bourne End, Buckinghamshire, SL8
A superbly presented detached residence - An attractive period style house built in the 1980's using many genuine architectural pieces including old timberwork, stone mullioned windows, old stock bricks and leaded light windows. EPC rating D. The principal reception rooms take adva... More details ›
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Guide Price £1,795,000
6 bedroom detached house for sale Riversdale, Bourne End, Buckinghamshire, SL8 5EB
A fine house offering spacious accommodation and period features situated on a premier private road More details ›
£1,500,000Offers in Excess of
Offers in Excess of £1,500,000
5 bedroom detached house for sale Abbotsbrook, Bourne End, Buckinghamshire, SL8
This picturesque detached family home, dating back to the early 1890's, is set within private gardens of around 0.7 acres on the private Abbotsbrook estate in Bourne End. Well appointed throughout the property has charm and character with accommodation of just under 3,700 sq ft. More details ›
4 bedroom detached bungalow for sale Bourne End
Set in a secluded plot of about HALF AN ACRE high above Bourne End, a deceptively spacious single storey property with accommodation comprising: entrance hall, triple aspect sitting room with views overlooking the garden, two further reception rooms, kitchen with adjoining utility... More details ›
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5 bedroom house for sale A Victorian Riverside Property With 118' Mooring
A very rare opportunity to acquire a Victorian Riverside property with a 118' mooring. The property has been in the same family for the past 50 years and was originally detached but was separated some 30 years ago to form two semi detached homes with this one being the larger portion. While some ... More details ›
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5 bedroom detached house for sale Abney Court Drive, Bourne End, SL8
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Land for sale Aston House, Kiln Lane, Bourne End, SL8
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3 bedroom detached house for sale BOURNE END
Attractive period home in the heart of The Abbotsbrook Estate enjoying a streamside setting and delightful mature gardens with a swimming pool, detached garage and large greenhouse. EPC Rating F More details ›


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Da Woiks: Links, Library, News and Other Stuff More Useful Than You Are
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Topic: Train Travel (Read 5520 times)
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Raoul F. Duke
Lovable Rogue
Despot in Absentia
Posts: 9577
"Be specific if you order the mushrooms!"
Train Travel
April 21, 2007, 11:12:03 AM »
The train remains the most common and least expensive way to get from city to city in China. A train ride here can be a delight...I've had great times and met nice people on a variety of Chinese trains. It's usually at least tolerable. At its worst it can be a nightmare right out of the Twilight Zone.
One encouraging note: train travel here at its worst can be no end of uncomfortable, inconvenient, stupid, and weird. However, it IS safe. Train accidents that produce passenger injury or death are virtually unheard of here.
First thing you'll need is a ticket. In theory it's a simple cash transaction....tell the agent your destination and they will display a screen of available trains. Pick what you want and exchange the money for the ticket. Note that Chinese trains run 'round-the-clock; they will think nothing of a 3:47am departure or arrival time.
There WILL be a test...
The number of stops can make a huge difference in travel time. Train numbers starting with T or K are generally faster with fewer stops. Those starting with L, N, or no letter tend to be slower and stop more. The new D trains use the CRH system...not a Maglev or anything, but still very nice trains (at least still nice at this writing) that can cut the travel times of the T trains by half.
Another consideration is the class of the car/seat in which you are placed. Your choices are Hard Seat and Soft Seat for shorter trips, and Hard Sleeper or Soft sleeper for overnight travel. Sometimes your only choice will be No Seat... We'll examine these classes below.
Buying RETURN tickets from your starting city can be tricky. Often they can only be bought remotely at least 3 days in advance. Return tickets for many small towns can't be bought remotely at all because their ticket offices aren't on China Rail's creaky, stupid, apparently 1960s-vintage computer system.
Larger train stations often have "Soft Seat" or "Foreign Guest" ticket offices...worth an ask because the
ticket offices can be pretty horrible. Line waits of an hour or more are not at all uncommon. Another alternative is to buy tickets from a travel agent or hotel travel offices. Many cities also have train ticket offices located throughout the city.
When coming to the station, you'll have to show your ticket at least once before entering the departure areas. Inside, you'll see signs indicating which gate to find for your train numnber. The gates will have a waiting room that often offers restrooms, smoking areas, one last chance to buy souvenirs and instant noodles at vastly inflated prices, and a vast throng of gawking fellow passengers, many of whom will gladly stand in line for weeks to make sure they get to board first.
Just hang loose until a station employee comes to the gate and opens it. You'll know about it when the entire mob leaps forward and all tries to squeeze through the gate at the same time. The gate person will examine your ticket and wave you through. There will generally be signs telling you the correct platform for each current train number. Go to the indicated platform and wait for the train. There will be guards on hand to whistle you away from the platform edges when trains are moving through, and to gawk and snicker at your obvious foreignness. When the train stops, the doors will eventually open and all the arriving passengers will all try to squeeze through the door at the same time, while departing passengers all rush the door. You should now be looking for the car number that matches your ticket. When the arrivals have escaped, the departures will all try to squeeze through the door at the same time. My advice is to hang back, smoke if you got 'em, and let the madding crowd settle a bit before boarding. A whistle will announce that the doors are about to close again. When you get on board, look for your seat/bed number (usually on the windows between seat rows, the front of hard sleepers, and soft-sleeper compartment doors), chase out the squatter with a no-seat ticket, and take your seat.
Now let's look at the trains themselves.
Hard Seat
(ying4 zuo4) places you on anything from a plastic bench to a cruelly undersized cloth or wood seat. A good way to get down wit de homeys...the bulk of passengers on most trains will be in this class. Smoking and spitting, etc. are pretty common sights here. Can be cool for shorter trips.
Soft Seat
(ruan3 zuo4) puts you in a larger, plusher seat. Conditions are usually cleaner. Worth the extra cost for longer day trips...sometimes the difference in comfort level is considerable.
In all seating cars, there are overhead luggage racks. You'll be amazed at how much stuff can get crammed into these babies. Chinese people tend to travel heavy, and on crowded trains space may not be available. There is no baggage check on most trains.
Seating cars will also generally feature a small table good for setting your drink, playing cards, or spitting chicken bones.
Technically there is no smoking in any train seat. This isn't always enforced. In hard-seat cars you can smoke in the car's end caps; many soft-seat cars and all CRH trains are smoke-free.
All seating cars (or sometimes every other car) are equipped with a tiny toilet area. You may wish they weren't. These can be pretty filthy- as in a half inch of urine and worse sloshing around the floor- and generally only have squatter-style toilets that empty directly onto the tracks below (this is part of why bathrooms are usually locked in or near cities...). NO TOILET PAPER IS PROVIDED; carry it or buy it from the train staff.
CRH Trains
are a new addition to the Chinese train system, and their use is rapidly expanding nationwide. In addition to greatly reduced travel times (differences can be as high as 50%!), these trains are nice and new and sleek and modern-looking. They are glaring exceptions to the descriptions of the car descriptions below. Most of them- at least the ones I've seen- are seating only, no sleepers...more like commuter trains. There may be longer lines available now that warrant sleepers and dining cars. The best amenity may be the fact that very few "no-seat" tickets are issued, and the aisles and endcaps are nice and clear. Local lines offer nicer toilet and other facilities; there's also a "canteen car" where you can comfortably consume the same cart-borne crap seen everywhere else. As a kicker, those sitting in the canteen car (these cars are being used to add on a few overflow passengers; seating even here is not guaranteed.) MUST purchase at least 10 RMB in merchandise, or beat it. These trains use separate gates and platform facilities (and often ticket lines) from the other trains in many stations. Look for the 'CRH' signs. The car interiors are designed to resemble jetliners, and the engines are pimped out with dramatic-looking nose cones to resemble "bullet trains", but these are really just a new generation of the usual train technology. But they are nice. And fast.
Hard Sleeper
(ying4 wo4) gives you a small bed equipped with a pillow and blanket. (The linens on train beds often look well-worn but usually seem to be freshly washed.) Beds are arranged in bunks of 3 levels, with 2 bunk sets facing each other for a total of 6 beds per "compartment". There may be a luggage storage area over the entrance.
Compartment is a loose term here...there are no doors. You'll find yourself sleeping alongside up to 5 of your new best friends (and maybe their small children as well) plus an endless stream of other passengers walking up and down the corridors.
If you're less than extremely limber, be sure and order a bottom-level berth. The other beds are reached by tiny steel ladders; that top berth is waaaaay up there. Upper levels have rails to help keep you from rolling out and breaking your neck. The downside of the lower berth is that, outside of sleep times, your neighbors in the higher berths may feel entitled to sit on your bed.
There are usually no lights in your berth that you can control. At some set time between 10 and 11pm, all the lights will go out except for enough for safe passage of the corridor. At this time it'll be taken right kindly if you go right to sleep. Sometimes I take refuge in the dining car (see below) and drink beer until I'm actually ready for bed.
Hard sleeper bathrooms are an awful lot like bigger versions of the noisome holes in the seating cars. Again, no paper is furnished. There is a bigger area of sinks and mirrors so passengers can freshen themselves.
Hard sleeps can be a lot of fun. People there are generally anxious to talk to you as best they can, and sometimes you'll meet an English-speaker. When they aren't running in herds on the street, the common man in China can be a pretty decent fellow and this is a great way to meet him. On the other hand, there is NO privacy here. In the hinterlands you may become something of a tourist attraction, with people constantly coming by to gawk at you. And while usually nice, Chinese people ain't too hygienic by Western standards...I've had way too many bottom hard berths where they guy in the opposite top bunk would frequently spit onto the floor beside me all night.
Soft Sleeper
(ruan3 wo4) is the luxury class of Chinese trains. You get a small private room with a door. There are only 4 bunks rather than 6. (Sometimes I've had an entire room to myself; nice when you want privacy or when you've oversampled the drugs you bought in Hong Kong.) You get a light YOU can control; a few soft sleeper cars even have electrical outlets. The beds are bigger and softer. The bathrooms have Western sit toilets and might even be clean; again there is no paper provided.
Soft sleeper cars offer a higher level of comfort and privacy. On the plus side, they cut you off from the madness of the crowd outside. On the down side.....they cut you off from the madness of the crowd outside. It's a matter of taste and tolerance.
All trains with sleeper cars have a dining car, and passengers with sleeper tickets have access to it. They serve 3 meals a day; meal times are pretty strictly limited and enforced. If you plan to eat train food on the trip it'll behoove you to find out when those mealtimes are and take them seriously. Prices, food, service and sanitation can vary wildly from train to train...from the sublime to the inhuman. Many dining cars (by no means all) offer an amusing English menu. Even outside of mealtimes, dining cars can be cool places to sit and smoke and drink. Slide in at the end of a mealtime or late at night and you'll likely be welcome to sit there as long as you want. One dining car crew once tried to marry me off to one of the pushcart girls. She was a Hunan hottie, too, and I gave the matter some thought.
No Seat
ticket means one of two things:
1) The train is lightly sold and you can just pick the seat you want. It happens often on late-night trains. This is great!
2) The train is sold out and there ain't a chance in hell of you finding a place to sit down.
God help you if this happens. Some Chinese trains can be oversold by what will seem like 500%. The car endcaps, the aisles, the sink areas....every square inch of space on the train will be jammed with a solid writhing, stinking mass of miserable humanity. There will still be people shoving their way frm car to car in search of space that doesn't exist, and the Pushcart People will still grimly peddle their wares from car to car come hell or high water. These trains can be a terrible and uncomfortable experience even if you have a seat.
If all you can get is a No Seat ticket on a sold-out train, and your trip is much more than an hour, please strongly consider traveling at a different time. Sometimes you're just stuck with this.
On all cars and all trains, from early morning to late night various products will be offered to passengers. Train staff or a self-dispensing machine will provide hot boiled water free of charge. Staff will sell you a paper cup and a packet of either green tea or Nescafe coffee mix for around 5 yuan. There's also a profusion of pushcarts. Some will sell mostly drinks- water, fruit drinks, sodas, beer, baijiu- and none will be cold. Some are small convenience stores- dried noodle bowls, all kinds of packaged snacks (all, of course, catering to Chinese tastes), cigarettes, playing cards, toilet paper, and all manner of other necessities. Some feature a selection of books and magazines- all of course in Chinese for your convenience. Pushcart prices run pretty high, and for Westerners the choice pickens will be pretty slim. It's recommended you bring these things with you if you want them.
Train staff will also sell all kinds of other things. Some sell bowls of cut assorted melon pieces. Some sell extremely dodgy box lunches. Some will offer hotel deals at various destinations. Some trains have people loudly hawking toys. My favorite is the multicolor-flashing disco pens/flashlights/bill checker lights on rainbow-colored neck straps. I am the proud owner of several of these. Another favorite is Railway Socks- some poor bastard goes from car to car screaming about socks bought in bulk from some desperate overproducing Zhejiang textile mill. A high point is when the staffer stretches a sock and takes a wire brush to it to show you how durable they are. At 3 pair for 10 kuai it's not a bad deal, and the quality is good. I take a wire brush to mine often.
As stations approach, they will be announced- usually only in Chinese. Unless the train is really crazy, if a kindhearted train conductor sees a struggling foreigner, they will often come over and tell you that your stop is approaching.
You made it.
When you step out onto the platform, follow the signs (and the herd) to the exitway common to all platforms. In many places, entering the station from the platforms is difficult or impossible; you must exit first. There will usually be some metal gates manned by station personnel; they are there to check your ticket and make sure you're getting off where you're supposed to. So save that ticket until you've exited the station!
- If you travel on the national holidays, be prepared for madness. Buy tickets very early. Carry a hip flask of strong drink. BE ESPECIALLY CAREFUL OF YOUR WALLET AND BELONGINGS DURING HOLIDAY TIMES!
- In general, buying early- days before if you can- is a great idea. Many trains sell out quickly!
- Be careful of valuables. It's true on the trains themselves, and at least 10 times as true in the train stations. Chinese train stations are veritable hives of scum and villainy. Your bags will be fairly safe within your bed area, if you're in a sleeper, but keep money, passports, and things like cameras well-guarded.
- Travel light...try not to carry more than you can reasonably haul around by yourself. Most of the time there is NO porter service...and when there is, you may not want to trust them with your bags. There is also no baggage check service on most trains except those traveling from the mainland to Hong Kong.
- Carry supplies on long trips. Bring snacks, drinks, toilet paper, maybe even sandwiches or some other portable meals. Entertainment such as books, games, or personal music players will also be welcome.
- A dictionary might be useful on long trips. China Rail personnel are apparently genetically incapable of learnng English; do not count on being able to get help in any language but Chinese.
- When leaving the train station, don't use the pirate taxis...the guys parked up close shaking car keys at you. You WILL get ripped off. Ignore them and march on to the official taxi queue, even if you have to wait in a long line for a ride.
- Bring your senses of adventure and humor. A Chinese train is a lousy place to have a tense, uptight experience. Trust me.
Last Edit: May 18, 2008, 09:34:19 PM by Raoul Duke
"Vicodin and dumplings...it's a great combination!" (Anthony Bourdain, in Harbin)
"Here in China we aren't just teaching...
we're building the corrupt, incompetent, baijiu-swilling buttheads of tomorrow!" (Raoul F. Duke)
Posts: 1509
Re: Train Travel
Reply #1 on:
May 09, 2007, 08:54:49 AM »
The new high speed D train is running.Supposedly it cuts many long distance commutes in half.The price is double that of a K or T train but the other advantage is that these trains are not allowed to be oversold which means you can avoid the hellish conditions described in Raouls post.
Raoul F. Duke
Lovable Rogue
Despot in Absentia
Posts: 9577
"Be specific if you order the mushrooms!"
Re: Train Travel
Reply #2 on:
May 09, 2007, 12:02:11 PM »
These are now up between Shanghai and Suzhou and they look pretty sweet.
However, my understanding is that they're only doing short runs and offer very limited travel times...hopefully will expand this service as time goes by.
"Vicodin and dumplings...it's a great combination!" (Anthony Bourdain, in Harbin)
"Here in China we aren't just teaching...
we're building the corrupt, incompetent, baijiu-swilling buttheads of tomorrow!" (Raoul F. Duke)
Raoul F. Duke
Lovable Rogue
Despot in Absentia
Posts: 9577
"Be specific if you order the mushrooms!"
Re: Train Travel
Reply #3 on:
June 11, 2007, 08:24:42 PM »
...aaand now we have a very weird thread going on the new fast CRH trains. You can read it at
"Vicodin and dumplings...it's a great combination!" (Anthony Bourdain, in Harbin)
"Here in China we aren't just teaching...
we're building the corrupt, incompetent, baijiu-swilling buttheads of tomorrow!" (Raoul F. Duke)
Posts: 2412
Re: Train Travel
Reply #4 on:
November 15, 2009, 04:31:15 AM »
If you are vegetarian it is really important that you bring your own food on the train. Most of the food offered (think instant noodles, chicken feet...) will contain meat. Unless you want to live on peanuts or the one vegetable dish available in the dining cart then you'd better pack food!
Also, train travel is perfectly safe (in my experience) for females travelling alone. yes, you will get gawked at, but if you choose to be in China then that will happen.
The last 2 hard sleeper trains I caught had electrical outlets (3 pin). Not sure if this is becoming common, but it was a nice surprise.
Posts: 336
Re: Train Travel
Reply #5 on:
January 22, 2010, 04:32:11 PM »
This is a great thread.
Con ate dog
Benevolent Despot Wearing a Stupid Paper Hat That Says "Trainee"
Posts: 5047
Re: Train Travel
Reply #6 on:
February 05, 2010, 12:02:53 PM »
If you don't have your train tix for Springfest by now, I don't like your chances. Try, by all means, but consider the bus: they never sell out.
And there is no liar like the indignant man... -Nietszche
Nothing is so fatiguing as the eternal hanging on of an uncompleted task. -William James
Posts: 336
Re: Train Travel
Reply #7 on:
February 06, 2010, 11:20:08 AM »
Thanks. I already bought my plane ticket back.
It was only 380 rmb! Whooo hooo!
Quote from: Con ate dog on February 05, 2010, 12:02:53 PM
If you don't have your train tix for Springfest by now, I don't like your chances. Try, by all means, but consider the bus: they never sell out.
Posts: 1228
Re: Train Travel
Reply #8 on:
February 07, 2010, 10:57:26 AM »
I myself just got off a 20 hour train ride and I'm still woozy. Unfortunately we shared the other two beds (yes, I paid for the SS) with a family of three. The third being a boy of about 9 and acted every bit of the "little emperor' that he was.
Day Dreamer
Posts: 3798
Re: Train Travel
Reply #9 on:
February 12, 2010, 11:19:57 AM »
When the g/f and I travel by train, we always try to grab a VIP berth if its available. It costs extra, but well worth it. There's a double bed and a twin above it. But its perpendicular to the bottem bunk. And the double runs across, so its longer. The room is for you only, there's a TV with English movies/shows, A/C which is nice in the summer, lots of outlets and vulome control for the piped in musak.
Always, always, always!
Of all the possible utensils that could have been invented to eat rice with, how the Hell did two sticks win out
Day Dreamer
Posts: 3798
Re: Train Travel
Reply #10 on:
February 12, 2010, 11:38:45 AM »
I thought those berths were CCP only-held until the train left port. Is your g/f CCP or do you have to go to Car 9 and pay the ticket lady when the train starts a' rollin?
No, she's just a uni student (please don't preach) but I give her the money and we get moved. But you can't pre-book them. If they are available after the train leaves the station, then you can go.
Not every train has it. I can't recall if it was 130 RMB each or total, but I could care less. No farmer's stinky feet nor crabby snot nose kid. (At least that's what the locals are saying about me
We were in Car 6 one time, Car 7 another and both had the VIP rooms. SO in a long winded way, yes, no, yes, yes
Of all the possible utensils that could have been invented to eat rice with, how the Hell did two sticks win out
Posts: 144
Let me go and I'll pardon you.
Re: Train Travel
Reply #11 on:
July 27, 2010, 02:04:27 AM »
trains in China are not that bad but i highly recommend that you do not attempt to travel by this way via any Chinese holiday. you will be having a very sad time.
any other time it can be fun and meet some cool people. or just have a relaxed time in your bed and chill with a book or computer
the new CRH trains are fast. Beijing to qingdao in 5.5 hours.
but if you know how to shop around on the net and have good enough chinese or a good friend you can save even more and fly.
in beijing there are 2 airports . international and nan yuan(old military)
i once flew to fujian via international and the price was about 600 rmb more.
having some people actually call about the ticket to ctrip actually can save loads of cash.
When you have shoot, shoot, don't talk.
Posts: 42
Re: Train Travel
Reply #12 on:
September 02, 2010, 06:57:33 AM »
I travelled Guangzhou to Shijiazhuang. No seat. Couldn't wait another day, already stayed one night in Guangzhou. 20 hours... Nightmare. Never again!!!
Posts: 144
Let me go and I'll pardon you.
Re: Train Travel
Reply #13 on:
April 13, 2011, 02:17:22 AM »
gz to shijiazhuang? wow too far. without a seat? did you travel at a holiday? don't do it.
i like over night trains but if i have to go further I would consider flying. i have not been on a train more than 10 hours. yet. im looking at a long ride maybe during the summer to fujian.
When you have shoot, shoot, don't talk.
Posts: 186
Re: Train Travel
Reply #14 on:
April 13, 2011, 04:37:03 AM »
Back in the ol' days, me and the family traveled for 3 days from Beijing to Chengdu. Much fun! We had a soft sleeper for 4 of us, and spent the time eating numbing Sichuan food and drinking beer to cool it. I remember the walls in the countryside still had the slogans- this was only around 1999!
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SIDE BY SIDE OF OKLAHOMA PASS STRANDDS AND COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS PASS PASS Common Core State Standard A Standard 1: Algebraic Reasoning: Patterns and Relationships - The student will use a variety of problem-solving approaches to extend and create patterns. A 1.1 Describe (orally or in written form), create, extend and predict patterns in a variety of situations (e.g., 3, 6, 9, 12 . . . , use a function machine to generate input and output values for a table, show multiplication patterns on a hundreds chart, determine a rule and generate additional pairs with the same relationship). OA..5 4 Generate and analyze patterns. Generate a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule. Identify apparent features of the pattern that were not explicit in the rule itself. For example, given the rule "Add 3" and the starting number 1, generate terms in the resulting sequence and observe that the terms appear to alternate between odd and even numbers. Explain informally why the numbers will continue to alternate in this way. A 1.1 Describe (orally or in written form), create, extend and predict patterns in a variety of situations (e.g., 3, 6, 9, 12 . . . , use a function machine to generate input and output values for a table, show multiplication patterns on a hundreds chart, determine a rule and generate additional pairs with the same relationship). OA.9 3 Solve problems involving the four operations, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic. Identify arithmetic patterns (including patterns in the addition table or multiplication table), and explain them using properties of operations. For example, observe that 4 times a number is always even, and explain why 4 times a number can be decomposed into two equal addends. * Legends/Abbreviations can be found in a separate table. Strand and Standard Strand Standard # Grade THIRD GRADE
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Okla State Agency | Education, Oklahoma State Department of |
Okla Agency Code | 265 |
Title | Mathematics side-by-side, 2011 Gr3 |
Alternative title | Oklahoma C3 standards side-by-side comparisons; Side-by-side of Oklahoma PASS strands and Common Core State Standards |
Authors | Oklahoma. State Department of Education. |
Publisher | Oklahoma State Department of Education |
Publication Date | 2011 |
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Purpose | The Priority Academic Student Skills and the Common Core State Standards come under the umbrella of all state standards entitled Oklahoma C3 Standards - C3 standing for college, career, and citizen ready. |
Contents | Table: PASS strand, Standard#, PASS, Strand and Standard; Common Core State Standard |
Notes | 1 of 16 parts |
OkDocs Class# | E1845.5 S568m 2011 Gr3 |
For all parts click | E1845.5 S568m 2011 |
Digital Format | PDF, Adobe Reader required |
ODL electronic copy | Downloaded from agency website: http://ok.gov/sde/sites/ok.gov.sde/files/C3%20Sidebyside%20Math-3.pdf |
Rights and Permissions | This Oklahoma government publication is provided for educational purposes under U.S. copyright law. Other usage requires permission of copyright holders. |
Language | English |
Date created | 2012-04-13 |
Date modified | 2012-04-13 |


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17 July 2009
Caerphilly County Borough Council's Youth Service The Hub Team have been working with Bedwas Neighbourhood Policing Team to provide a Monday evening activity for youngsters from the Lansbury Park area of Caerphilly.
'Monday Mania' was set up as a response to a recent Youth PACT meeting, where local youngsters expressed their concerns at the lack of youth facilities in the area.
Many felt that although they had the MUGA (outdoor play area) in the locality, older youths would often congregate there and intimidate the younger ones into staying away from the facility, leaving them with nowhere to go to socialise.
Therefore Caerphilly County Borough Council's Youth Service, working in partnership with Gwent Police went about setting up 'Monday Mania', a six week pilot scheme, which gives youngsters from across the area the opportunity to take part in a wide variety of activities, including rounder's, touch rugby and cricket, as a means of occupying their spare time and preventing any possible anti-social behaviour.
The Monday evening sessions have proved extremely popular, with over 35 youngsters attending each week.
Senior Youth Participation Worker, Andrew Griffiths said, "The number of people we have had turning up to take part in Monday Mania week in, week out has been overwhelming.
The scheme came about as a response to a Youth PACT meeting, where local youngsters mentioned the lack of youth facilities in the Lansbury Park area. By combining our resources with those of colleagues at Gwent Police, we were able to establish 'Monday Mania', which from feedback I've gained from people who've come along to take part, has been very well received."
PC Karen Hartshorne, said: "We are delighted with the number of young people that we have had attending the scheme every week, even in the pouring rain. The feedback has been very positive and whilst the majority of children attending do not take part in anti-social behaviour, it provides them with fun activities to help occupy their time. I also hope the introduction of scheme shows local youths that we are here to listen and to help tackle any concerns that they have locally as well."
One girl who has been coming to 'Monday Mania' every week said, "I think Monday Mania is really good – I've really enjoyed it. We've been taking part in sports like rounder's and touch rugby, which are really good because it gives us something to do on a Monday evening.
I've noticed that there is a lot less trouble and anti-social behaviour on the local estates now and I think Monday Mania has really contributed to that."
For further information, please contact Andrew Griffiths, Senior Youth Participation Worker on 01443 863243.
For further information, please visit the Safer CCB website.


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JACKSONVILLE, Fla. -- You can invest in our children's future with the North Florida Junior Golf Foundation.
Jim Houston, Bill Hughes and Boots Farley joined us in the studio to talk about where the money will go and how you can get involved.
Watch the video for more.
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1 Meetup Group matches "Conversational Spanish" near Kansas City, MO
Meetup details are available only to members.
¡ClaroKC! meets at Taqueria Mexico (MAP) every Tuesday at 7pm to have good conversation and good food. Our main purpose is to speak Spanish, and we also share educational, cultural & travel experiences that support our efforts to learn our new language. We ask any potential new member to first visit one of our meetings (any Tuesday, 7pm). Please sign up on Meetup.com, complete a short questionnaire and we will send you the info about our meetings (please allow 24-48 hrs for a reply). If you are …
Get an alert email when new Meetup Groups like this start near you.
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Sundogs Head Coach David Lohrei Resigns
Prescott Valley, AZ The Arizona Sundogs announced Thursday that head coach David Lohrei has resigned from his current position with the team. It is yet to be announced who their new head coach will be.
This was Lohreis first season with the Sundogs after being appointed head coach midway through the 2011-2012 season last February. Overall he has led the team to a 22-30-4 record and has won 19 games during the 2012-13 season. His most recent win came on January 26th against the Quad City Mallards in a 3-2 shootout victory. Lohrei explained his decision saying, The opportunity to work with Chris, Brad and Ed has been a great one. This is an organization that is committed to winning and providing the people of Prescott Valley with a wonderful form of entertainment. That said, I believe it is best for the organization to hire a coach who is willing to become a part of this community and lead the Sundogs. My personal situation has prevented me from making that full commitment and for this reason I have made the decision to step aside. I wish the Sundogs organization only the best. The room is filled with hard working and talented players. I look forward to following their path to the 2013 CHL playoffs. |
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MLB: Los Angeles Angels 6, Texas 5
MLB: Chicago White Sox 5, Texas 2
MLB: Texas 3, New York Yankees 1
MLB: Chicago Cubs 4, Arizona 3
Chicago Cubs send Matt Garza to Texas Rangers for four players
MLB: Chicago Cubs 6, St. Louis 4
MLB: Chicago Cubs 8, Chicago White Sox 2
MLB: Chicago Cubs 3, Oakland 1
Matthew Scott Garza (born November 26, 1983 in Selma, California) is a United States professional baseball pitcher with the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball.
He attended Washington Union High School and Fresno State.
He was the 25th pick in the first round of the 2005 Major League Baseball Draft, drafted by the Minnesota Twins.


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(IC: http://roleplayerguild.com/showthrea...-the-Abscenced)
It's been years since the battle with Naruto vs Obito/Madara. World Peace ha remained for a while, but because the Ten Tails had been killed during the fight, the tailed beast temporally don't exist thus Natural Calamities happen... and sometimes cause havoc and destruction among the villages. So far the Village Hidden in the Rain, Stone, and Sound. People ave gone corrupt and started to blame each other for the disappearance of the Tail Beast. A new group of ninja have begun their ninja journey. These ninja are fated to find the tailed beast and become the jinchuuriki, but that won't happen till way later. Can this group of ninja's find the tailed beast and defeat the new threat who is also looking for the tailed beast for salvation? What you do now impacts the ending of this story.
CO-GM's: CorruptedShadow, anyone else.
I am hoping for character development... so your character can be overpowered but until later, unless you are one of the main antagonist or a major protagonist(teacher/ sensei... ect.) Please fill out the CS all the way, don't leave any blanks or TBR. You can control up to 3 characters at a time. and Have fun! Oh wait no speed posting... another thing Clans have been restored so yep.
Nickname(If any):
Chakra(Limit is 3 excluding you Kekkei Genkai, unless you kekkei Genkai says otherwise):
Kekkei Genkai:
Home Village:
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Class(Genin, Chunin, Jounin, S-Rank Jounin, Kage):
Will have more CS's but is tired... have fun!


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Listen to Chief Keef on iHeartRadio
Chief Keef is now in jail, after violating his probation. According to RollingStone.com, the rapper was sentenced to 18 months of probation, after being convicted from pointing a gun at Chicago police officers. As part of his probation, he was ordered to stay away from guns, but over the summer did a video interview at a New York shooting range, where he is clearly shown firing a semiautomatic rifle.
RollingStone.com reports that Keef's attorney is saying that he "didn't violate the spirit of his probation" in the interview, which the 17-year-old rapper's record company Interscope set up.
Unfortunatley, a Cook County Juvenile court judge disagreed with the attorney saying, "There is a clear record of a disregard for the court's authority."
Keef's sentence hearing is on Thursday.
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It has been a great fall and now the Delta Sno-Krusers Snowmobile Club is gearing up for winter. With the early snowfall, riders have been up on Grand Mesa snowmobiling on the roads during the past month.
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The mother of a newborn baby that was found dead in an Eagle River park two weeks ago was charged with second-degree murder Friday, Oct. 25. U.S. Army Alaska Specialist Ashley Ard, 24, was taken to Anchorage Jail on Friday evening with bail set at $250,000 cash plus a third-party custodian, Anchorage Police said in a written statement.
With the pull of a ribbon, dozens of children sprinted toward the new playground equipment at the Eagle River Boys and Girls Club on Oct. 23. The newest addition to the club has been a longtime coming. "The only thing they had to play on the past 23 years was the basketball court," branch manager Tracey Hupe said.
The kids in Roberta Stein's music class use every part of their body in the learning process. "It's experiential music," Stein said. "We see it and we move it and we sing it and we act it out." Stein teaches a weekly, 45-minute class for third- and fourth-graders in the art studio at Avalanche Frozen Yogurt in Eagle River.
For many years we have watched the ebb and flow of salmon in Alaska's waters; in particular, the great king salmon and the world's greatest salmon fishery, the Kenai River. Salmon of all types play a major role in the life and wellbeing of our state. They provide food, subsistence, income, commercial activity and sport.
Dena'ina tradition holds that each spring when the Golden Crown Sparrow warbles its distinctive three-note song the first of the five Pacific salmon runs to the Cook Inlet have arrived.
Andraya LaFleur learned how to quilt in a unique place — prison. When LaFleur came to Hiland Mountain Correctional Center last year, another inmate introduced her to the hobby craft program. Until her recent release, LaFleur worked as a hobby craft monitor, teaching the skills she learned to other inmates.
Rural Discount Center has provided reduced-priced goods to local residents for three decades. The Chugiak store carried everything from toilet paper to pallets of rice to furniture. After 29 years, RDC is closing its doors.
A piece of straw. A hunk of bark. A few straggly pine cones. It doesn't sound very festive, does it? Yet according to Ute Olsson, chief naturalist at the Eagle River Nature Center, outdoor castoffs can be fashioned into cheery and professional looking holiday ornaments.
This year's 21st Annual Merry Merchant Munch and Winter Wonderland events are bigger than ever. A record 62 businesses are participating in the Munch on Friday and Saturday, Dec. 6-7, said Merry Braham, special events coordinator for the Chugiak-Eagle River Chamber of Commerce.
The Joy Lutheran Church parking lot was packed Monday, Nov. 25 as families trudged through slush to pick up holiday fixings. Inside, volunteers bustled about, calling out names and directing children towards the cookie platter. The Food Bank of Alaska's Thanksgiving Blessing was in full swing.


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Travelled to Romblon in late April and stayed 4 nights with a friend. Stone Creek was very comfortable although we had small plumbing issue. Carlos kindly provided a discount as a result and made sure the issue was fixed We had the AC room which was small but nice. The AC struggled a little in the summer heat but was... More
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Featured as the best hotel in Romblon province by Lonely Planet Magazine Philippines issue #5, Lonely Planet Philippines guidebook 2012 and Martha Stewart Weddings Philippines. It is located in Romblon, Romblon, Philippines; an island paradise perfect for adventure tourists and those looking for world class diving and secluded white sand beaches that rival those of the world famous Boracay. Experience the beauty of the island in comfort and style. We offers the islands only true luxury amenities and full Western facilities. ... more less


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$39 for a 1,200 Thread Count Sheet Set in Queen or King Size with Free Shipping ($120 Value)
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Mark B. Saker, MD; Howard B. Chrisman, MD; Alan H. Matsumoto, MD
Dr. Saker and Dr. Chrisman are with the Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology at Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago, IL. Dr. Matsumoto is Director of the Division of Angiography and Interventional Radiology at University of Virginia Health Systems in Charlottesville, VA. He is also a member of the editorial advisory board of this journal.
Partly in response to the skyrocketing healthcare costs for dialysis patients (estimated to be more than $1 billion for 1996), 1 the National Kidney Foundation proposed the Dialysis Outcomes Quality Initiative (DOQI) in 1997. The purpose of this initiative was to review the published literature and make recommendations for establishing clinical practice guidelines for managing patients with end-stage renal disease, with a goal of improving patient outcomes and survival.
Practice guidelines addressed hemodialysis adequacy, peritoneal dialysis adequacy, vascular access, and anemia. Specifically, the guidelines for vascular access were established by a multidisciplinary group that included five nephrologists, two surgeons, two nurses, and one interventional radiologist. Of a total of 114 clinical practice guidelines developed, 38 were created to address the area of vascular access. 2 A brief summary of those vascular access guidelines pertinent to interventional radiologists will be reviewed.
Guideline 1: Patient history and physical examination prior to permanent access selection -Pertinent aspects of the history and physical examination that will help to dictate the type and location of the vascular access are emphasized. A detailed evaluation of the venous, arterial, and cardiopulmonary systems is mandatory. Some of the most relevant issues include previous central venous catheter and cardiac pacemaker placement, and history of prior angio access for hemodialysis. These have been associated with central venous stenosis. Patients with conditions such as diabetes mellitus, malignancy, and prior surgery or trauma to the chest area are at higher risk for developing abnormalities in their venous system. On physical examination, the presence of upper extremity edema or collateral veins suggests a central venous stenosis.
Guideline 2: Diagnostic evaluation prior to permanent access selection -Preoperative venography is recommended if there is 1) edema or size discrepancy in the target limb; 2) presence of collateral veins; 3) a current or prior history of subclavian vein catheterization; 4) a current or prior history of transvenous pacemaker placement; 5) a previous history of surgery or trauma to the chest, arm, or neck; or 6) prior access in the same limb. Ultrasound and MRI evaluation can be used when venography is contraindicated. Arteriography is also indicated if there are diminished pulses in the target limb (figure 1).
FIGURE 1. A left upper extremity venogram was performed in this patient with a history of multiple central catheter placements for hemodialysis. The presence of collaterals and significant narrowing preclude the creation of a native fistula or implantation of a graft.
Guideline 3: Selection of a permanent vascular access and order of preference for placement of arteriovenous (AV) fistulae -The use of tunneled catheters for permanent access is discouraged; the use of AV fistulae, preferably the radial-cephalic fistula, is recommended. If the AV fistulae fail, an AV graft or transposed brachial-basilic fistula should then be considered.
Guideline 4: Type and location of dialysis AV graft placement -If a native fistula can not be created, the use of a synthetic AV graft with polytetra-fluoroethylene (PTFE) is recommended. Graft placement can be varied in configuration, and the type and location can be determined by the patient's anatomy and access history.
Guideline 5: Type and location of tunneled cuffed catheter placement -Tunneled cuffed venous catheters are to be used when vascular access is needed for more than 3 weeks or when all other options are no longer available. These catheters can allow for the maturation of native AV fistulae. Insertion via the right internal jugular vein is preferred. Catheterization of the subclavian vein should be avoided due to a 40 to 50% incidence of subclavian vein stenosis following its use. 3 Additionally, fluoroscopic guidance is mandatory for line placement, and ultrasound guidance for venous puncture is desirable. There is no data to support the use of one catheter type over another (figure 2).
FIGURE 2. Subclavian artery perforation is found during an attempt to place a catheter without sonographic or fluoroscopic guidance.
Guideline 6: Acute hemodialysis vascular access: non-cuffed catheters -Vascular access for less than 3 weeks can be provided with cuffed and non-cuffed venous catheters. Non-cuffed catheters can be inserted at the bedside, and positioning should be confirmed with an x-ray. Femoral vein catheters should be at least 19 cm in length and should not be left in place for more than 5 days.
Guideline 7: Preservation of veins for AV access -All upper extremity veins should be preserved in any patient with a condition likely to lead to dialysis. Therefore, in patients such as those with end-stage renal disease (creatinine > 3.0 md/dl) and diabetes mellitus, vein puncture should be limted to the dorsum of the hand and should be on a rotational basis. Subclavian vein puncture should not be performed.
Guideline 8: Timing of access placement -Patients should be referred for vascular access when creatinine clearance is less than 25 ml/min, when serum creatinine is greater than 4 mg/dl, or within one year of anticipated dialysis. AV fistulae should be allowed to mature for at least one month and preferably for 3 to 4 months. AV grafts should be placed 3 to 6 weeks prior to the anticipated need for dialysis. Central venous catheters for dialysis should be avoided until they are absolutely necessary.
Guideline 9: Access maturation &madsh;AV fistulae maturation may be improved by selective obliteration/embolization of venous side branches. When a new fistula is infiltrated (hematoma), it should be rested until the swelling has resolved. Persistent arm swelling following the creation of an AV fistula or graft should be evaluated with venography.
Guideline 10: Monitoring dialysis AV grafts for stenosis -Monitoring AV grafts for the development of a hemodynamically significant stenosis is recommended. It has been shown that with surveillance and preemptive intervention, graft thrombosis rates can be reduced from 0.58-1.0 episodes per year to 0.19-0.28 episodes per year. 5 In addition, 6-month primary patency rates after graft declotting range from 18 to 43%, as compared with 38 to 64% after percutaneous angioplasty (PTA), without the need for declotting. 4 Therefore, AV grafts should be monitored on a weekly basis with physical examination and an organized screening program that includes one or more of the following: 1) dynamic venous pressure measurements during dialysis, 2) static pressure measurements, and 3) intra-access flow using transonic methods.
A baseline dynamic pressure reading should be acquired when the vascular access is first used, followed by repeat measurements at least once a month. Three successive elevated pressure measurements suggest an underlying problem with the AV graft and warrants further evaluation with fistulography. Additional information can be obtained with urea and non-urea recirculation methods, decreased hemodialysis delivery (Kt/V), and elevated negative pre-pump pressures.
Duplex and color ultrasound also can be used for graft surveillance but may not be cost-effective as a screening tool. 6 Criteria described as normal on ultrasound studies include peak systolic velocities of 100 to 400 cm/sec and end-diastolic velocities of 60 to 200 cm/sec. Stenoses of greater than 50% are indicated by peak systolic velocity ratios of greater than 3.5. 7 The reported sensitivity of color Doppler is 84%, and it has a 60% specificity. 8 However, most patients with greater than 50% stenosis detected by ultrasound surveillance are asymptomatic, and only 13 to 22% are found to have increased venous pressures or urea recirculation (figures 3A, 3B). 8,9
FIGURE 3. (A) A diagnostic fistulogram in a patient with elevated venous pressures shows a high grade lesion at the venous anastomosis. (B) This postangioplasty angiogram shows resolution of the lesion with no retrograde venous flow.
Guideline 11: Monitoring primary AV fistulae for stenosis -Flow rates during dialysis are the most accurate indicator of dysfunction of a native AV fistula. Failing fistulae may manifest by high in-flow pressures during dialysis, the inability to achieve desired flow rates, elevated out flow pressures, or upper extremity edema. If aspiration pressures during dialysis exceed 200 mm Hg, an inflow lesion should be suspected. When out-flow pressures are greater than 200 mm Hg, an outflow lesion usually is present. When upper extremity edema develops, a stenosis or occlusion of an essential central vein should be excluded.
Guideline 12: Recirculation methodology, limits, evaluation, and follow-up -The determination of urea circula tion is highly variable and depends upon multiple factors (e.g., needle position, graft size, dialysis pump speed, and central venous pressures). Generally, it is considered to be abnormal when it is greater than 10%. However, an elevated urea recirculation is an insensitive parameter, as many fistulae fail despite the presence of "normal urea recirculation". 6
Guidelines 13, 14, and 15 -These guidelines address how to prevent access infection, adequately handle needle cannulation of grafts and fistulae, and care for venous catheters. The patient and staff should be educated in how to prevent graft or catheter infection. Infection rates should be monitored, and cannulation of vascular access should comply with OSHA regulations. Simple maneuvers such as the application of a dry gauze dressing with povidone iodine can reduce infection rates.
Guideline 16: Managing potential ischemia in a limb bearing an AV access -Diabetic patients and those with poor in-flow to the angio-access site or poor run-off distal to the angio-access site are at greater risk for developing limb ischemia. The symptoms can be seen acutely or chronically. Treatment usually requires surgical intervention, although endovascular therapy can be helpful.
Guideline 17: When to intervene on dialysis AV grafts for venous stenosis, infection, graft degeneration, or pseudoaneurysm formation -A stenosis greater than 50% accompanied by a clinical indicator of access failure should undergo prophylactic intervention with either PTA or surgery. Surgical intervention will be necessary for the management of infection, degeneration, and pseudoaneurysm formation (figure 4).
FIGURE 4. Multiple pseudoaneurysm formation here requires surgical repair.
Guideline 18: When to intervene on primary AV fistulae -An intervention on primary AV fistulae is recommended when there is inadequate flow to achieve the prescribed dialysis, a hemodynamically significant stenosis is detected, or when a clinically significant aneurysm is present.
Guideline 19: Treatment of stenosis without thrombosis in dialysis AV grafts and AV fistulae -The expected outcome for the treatment of a stenosis without thrombosis in an AV graft or primary AV fistulae are as follows: primary patency at 6 months for PTA should be 50%, and the primary patency of surgery at 12 months should be 50%. Surgery is held to a higher standard due to its invasiveness and the loss of a usable vein with each surgery. If PTA fails twice within 3 months, surgical revision should be done, if possible. The use of stents is reserved for PTA failures in non-surgical situations. However, stents used for the treatment of peripheral venous stenoses in association with ipsilateral dialysis fistulae have primary patency rates reported to be as low as 33% at 12 months. 10
Guideline 20: Treatment of central vein stenoses -Central vein stenoses should be treated with PTA. Stents should be reserved for use when there is a recurrent stenosis within 3 months of a PTA, or if there is immediate elastic recoil during the PTA procedure. Stents in this setting are associated with 1-year primary patency rates of 25 to 40% (figures 5, 6). 11,12
FIGURE 5. A previous central venous stent placed for failed angioplasty is seen. Patency maintenance was achieved with repeated angioplasty.
FIGURE 6. Brachiocephalic vein reconstruction with the use of stents is seen here, following failed angioplasty.
Guideline 21: Treatment of thrombosis and associated stenoses in dialysis AV grafts -The treatment of thrombosed AV grafts should be initiated expeditiously, with no more than one femoral catheterization performed for the purpose of temporary dialysis. Declotting is performed with pharmacomechanical techniques, the use of thrombectomy devices, or with surgery, and a post-procedure fistulogram should always be done for evaluation. If an underlying stenosis is detected, it can be corrected with either PTA or surgery. Declotting of a graft should be done on an out-patient basis, using local anesthesia. Clinical screening parameters should return to normal following the procedure. There should be an immediate technical success rate of 85% for all techniques. Surgical intervention is associated with a 50% primary patency at four months and 40% at 1 year. Percutaneous interventions are associated with a 40% primary patency at 3 months.
Guideline 22: Treatment of primary AV fistulae thrombosis -Primary AV fistulae thromboses are difficult to treat. Selection of procedure should be on an individual basis, according to local expertise. Practitioners may consider surgery and mechanical and pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis.
Guideline 23: Treatment of poorly functioning tunneled catheters -Dysfunction of a dialysis catheter is defined as a failure to give flow rates of at least 300 ml/min. The use of low-dose urokinase (Opencath, Abbott Laboratories) is recommended for inital management. If this fails, any of the following methods to reestablish catheter function can be undertaken, depending upon the expertise of those at your institution: fibrin sheath stripping, urokinase infusion (i.e., 40,000 units/hour for 6 to 12 hours), catheter exchange, or repositioning of a malpositioned catheter.
Guidelines 24 and 25: Treatment of infection of dialysis AV grafts and primary AV fistulae -Endovascular intervention in this clinical setting should be avoided, due to the risk of bacteremia and sepsis.
Guideline 26: Treatment of infected tunneled catheters -Tunneled catheters with exit site or tunnel infections should be managed with antibiotics. The catheter should be removed only if antibiotic therapy is unsuccessful in managing the infection. In the presence of bacteremia in an unstable patient or in a patient with symptoms which last for more than 36 hours, the tunneled catheter should be removed. If the patient is stable, the catheter can be exchanged over a guidewire, but antibiotics should be administered for at least 3 weeks. A new permanent tunneled catheter should not be placed unless there have been negative blood cultures for 48 hours.
Guidelines 27 and 28: Surgical management of AV graft pseudoaneurysms and AV fistulae aneurysms -During a fistulogram, direct puncture of these aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms should be avoided.
Guideline 29: Goals of access placement: maximizing primary AV fistulae -At least 50% of new patients electing hemodialysis should have construction of an AV fistula. Approximately 15% of these patients in the United States currently have native fistulae, though the goal is to have at least 40% of the hemodialysis patients in the United States with native AV fistulae. Each center should maintain a database to track access types and complication rates.
Guideline 30: Goals of access placement: use of catheters for chronic dialysis -This guideline states that less than 10% of patients on chronic hemodialysis should have chronic catheters (defined as those placed for more than 3 months in the absence of a maturing access).
Guideline 31: Center-specific thrombosis rates -AV dialysis graft thrombosis rates should not exceed 0.5 episodes per patient year, though currently about 1.2 episodes of thrombosis occur per patient year in the United States. Thrombosis rates for an AV fistula, after adjusting for initial failures, should be less than 0.25 episodes per patient year. Each institution should have an ongoing quality assurance program to evaluate thrombosis rates and their causes. Again, creating a screening program is the key to achieving these goals.
Guideline 32: Infection rates -Infection rates should not exceed 1% in native fistulae and 10% in AV grafts, as calculated over the usable life of the access. Tunneled catheters should have less than a 10% systemic infection rate at three months, and less than 50% at one year.
Guideline 33: Primary access failure rates: AV grafts -The 30-day primary AV graft failure rates should not exceed 15% for a straight forearm graft, 10% for a forearm loop graft, and 5% for an upper arm graft. Again, each institution should create monitoring programs to identify failures and problems with access creation and use.
Guideline 34: Primary access failure rate: tunneled catheters -More than 90% of tunneled catheters should be able to exceed flow rates of 300 ml/min during the initial dialysis session. Significant complication rates (pneumothorax requiring a chest tube, symptomatic air embolism, hemothorax, hemomediastinum, or hematoma requiring evacuation) related to tunneled catheter insertion should not exceed 2%.
Guideline 35: Primary access failure rate: AV fistulae -No recommendations were made for primary native AV fistula failure.
Guideline 36: Cumulative patency rates of dialysis AV grafts -The cumulative patency rates of newly created AV grafts should be at least 70% at 1 year, 60% at 2 years, and 50% at 3 years.
Guideline 37: Cumulative patency rates of tunneled catheters -The chronic use of tunneled catheters is discouraged.
Guideline 38: Cumulative patency rates of native AV fistulae -No recommendations were made. AR
FIGURE 7. Successful mechanical thrombolysis is achieved with the use of the Castaneda-Cragg brush.