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Ibn al-Haytham was the major figure in the study of optics and vision in the Middle Ages and his influence was pervasive for over 500 years. In this article, Professor Charles G. Gross, a renowned neurophysiologist of vision, outlines his original theory of vision and describes aspects which are less well known, namely Ibn al-Haytham's insights into visual physiology and visual perception. Professor Gross concludes that, although Ibn al-Haytham's unique synthesis of physics, mathematics and physiology into a new theory of vision and its historical importance have been recognized, his insights into the psychology of perception and their influence remains an important and potentially fertile area of research.
Ali Al-Qushji was one of the most noteworthy and important scientists in the Islamic world. He wrote valuable works especially on astronomy and mathematics. He was a student and co-worker of the famous statesman and scientist Ulugh Beg. After Ulugh Beg's death, Ali Al-Qushji left Samarqand to Tabriz where he worked for Akkoyunlu Ruler Uzun Hasan. Afterwards, he worked for the Ottoman Sultan Muhammad II in Istanbul during the last two years of his life. This article presents a short survey of Al-Qushji's contributions to mathematics and astronomy.
This is a very short note summarizing the lecture presented by Dr Saira Malik in the Muslim Heritage Awareness Group (MHAG) meeting organized by FSTC at the Royal Society in London on March 30, 2011. Dr Malik focused on the influence of Ibn al-Haytham's Book of Optics on the work of Kamal al-Din al-Farisi in his Kitab Tanqih al-Manazir, which is in form and content an original recension of Ibn al-Haytham's work.
This presentation focused on the historical and epistemic bearings of the scientific legacy of the celebrated polymath al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham (known in Latin as Alhazen). A particular emphasis was placed on his remarkable revolution in optics, while situating his research in the broader context of his ingenuous investigations in geometry, his development of the methodological rudiments of scientific experimentation, and his mathematization of the principal notions of classical physics and natural philosophy. This line of inquiry accounted for the channels of transmission, adaptation, and expansion of his research in optics, within the European intellectual milieu, and up till the seventeenth century, while also revealing the multilayered nature of his tradition in underpinning the scientific investigations of Franciscan mediaeval opticians, and of guiding the theoretical debates of Renaissance artists and architects over the best methods of constructing pictorial perspective.
The famous scientist Ibn al-Haytham ('Alhazen') has rightly been credited with many advances in optics and vision science, but recent spurious claims that he is the 'founder of psychophysics' rest upon unsupported assertions, a conflation of psychophysics with the wider discipline of psychology, and semantic arguments over what it is to 'found' a school of thought.
Based on the outstanding achievement of Ibn al-Haytham's work in optics, which paved the way for the "Optics of Space," Dr. Charles M. Savage develops in this stimulating article a vibrant plea for the need for a complementary understanding of the "Optics of Time." The reflection argues that time is ripe for a mature and open appreciation of the gift of life on this planet, otherwise we stand the risk of abusing one another and the richness of the resources nature has stored up for us. In so doing, we can implement a vision of a "sustainable history," an important concept introduced by Prof. Nayef al-Rodham. This will require our reflective abilities to co-create a "sustainable future" as well.
"Cybernetics: Past, Present, Future" published by Toygar Akman, a renowned expert in the field, retraces for the Turkish readers the history of cybernetics and presents the state of the art in this revolutionary scientific field. The author, an admirer of al-Jazari, the Muslim engineer of the early 13th century, devotes a section to describing his outstanding, early contribution to the history of robotics


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Newton Senior High School 'B' Honor Roll
Newton Senior High School students named to the Term 2 "B" Honor Roll are listed below.
Chet Adams, Kari Adams, Damian Andersen, Blake Anderson, Trai Andrew, Chas Antle, Morgan Arrowood, Emily Artis, Erica Bailey, Nicole Baker, Joseph Banfield, Alex Bare, Michael Barr, Bailey Beaderstadt, Olivia Bebout, Dakota Bechel, Micah Beeler, David Bentley, Tapanga Birkenholtz, Adalee Blair, Matthew Bleakney, Kaitlyn Blomme, David Braafhart, Dainen Brass, Will Brock, Jared Burton, Shea Carre, Leslie Carter, Macey Caves, Kacy Cazett, Hunter Chandler, Leisha Clark, Ronald Clark, Courtney Claussen, William Claypool, Andrew Clements, Mitchell Coady, Shelbey Cochran, Carly Colville, Austin Cones, Nathanniel Cones, Kayla Conner, Dillon Constant, Kathleen Constant, Sara Cook, Sean Cook, Kaitlyn Cope, Monica Corso, Hailey Coy, Nuria Cunado Gutierrez, Carrie Cunningham, Alexandra Cupples and Bailey Cupples.
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recipe reviews for:
"Here's a great idea for leftover ham! Stir it into a hearty sauce of cream of mushroom soup, sauteed onions and shredded Cheddar cheese. Add cooked spaghetti, some chopped pimento and parsley for snappy color, then serve piping hot."
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Written by Indiana 105
Friday, March 15, 2013
| 2:07 pm
(Photo Courtesy of the Hoosier Lottery)
A second chance sometimes makes all the difference as a U.S. Marine and wartime veteran from the region, who served in the Gulf War, has won the Hoosier Lottery Lucky Millionaire drawing, walking away with a million dollar prize. Chris Ziegler, of Valparaiso, who currently works as an EMT, was also a finalist in the previous Lucky Millionaire drawing last September. He didn't walk away with the million dollars that time, so he kept entering his non-winning tickets into the mylottery second-chance drawing. One of his entries was drawn in the Jan. 30 drawing, earning him $500, and a second shot at the $1 million, which he won today. The drawing took place today at the Indianapolis St. Patrick's Day Parade and Festival.
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Discover Digitals
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Corporate Partners
Our Corporate Partners Help Millions of People around the World
See how our partnerships are making an impact to help end hunger and poverty. Find out more about becoming a partner.
Green Mountain Coffee's long-term support has facilitated expansion of project work in Guatemala and Mexico, with a focus on addressing the challenges of los meses flacos or, "the thin months", when income from the coffee harvest is depleted. Families that were once completely dependent on coffee for income are finding new ways to feed themselves and improve their quality of life.
Organic Valley was instrumental in supporting the creation of the National More Organic for Everyone (MORE) project in the US. This project seeks to improve access to high-quality organic food by underserved communities and strengthen linkages between organic producers and communities in food desert areas.
Elanco and Heifer believe healthy people and animals promote a healthy, hopeful future. Thanks to the generous support of Elanco and its employees, 2,100 families in Lampung, Indonesia have been provided with the support to permanently lift themselves out of hunger and poverty. Currently Elanco is bringing the same support to over 7,200 families in the Copperbelt region of Zambia and Heibei Province in China.
Through the inspiration of CEO Howard Schultz, Starbucks and their employees rallied together to provide heifers for a new project in coffee-growing communities of Rwanda.
With a strong commitment to social advocacy, Garnet Hill asked its customers in 2009 what charitable initiative they'd choose to support. The resounding plea to help end world hunger led the clothing and home decor company to become a strong supporter of Heifer's domestic and international efforts.
Media Networks, Inc., the multimedia targeted marketing division of Time, Inc., provides remarkable exposure to Heifer by sharing Heifer's message in their prestigious national news magazines. Through MNI's support, Heifer's story is reaching significant audiences of Time, Newsweek and Sports Illustrated, nationwide.
Dr. Hauschka Skin Care shares Heifer International's commitment to improving the health and welfare of people and the earth. Dr.Hauschka embraces a holistic approach to improving livelihoods through their support of sustainable agriculture and self-empowerment in Heifer projects in Brazil.
Danone Group and Heifer International have partnered to unite communities and support dairy cooperatives in Ukraine – seeking to increase income and improve quality of life for rural farm families in this struggling region.
Savannah Bee Company has sourced honey from Heifer-supported community beekeeping projects in Honduras. Consumer support of the "Peace Honey" line has directly benefited families in these honeyproducing communities.
Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, established and incorporated by African American college women, has selected Heifer International as one of its charities of choice during the term of International President, Carolyn House Stewart. Supporting the platform of "Global Leadership Through Timeless Service" Stewart will rally AKA's 260,000 members in the effort to raise awareness of and funds for the work of Heifer International in Kenya and Ecuador.
The Farm Journal Agricultural Foundation's "Farmers Feeding the World" campaign aims to use the generosity, willpower and expertise of American agriculture to address world hunger. The Foundation, formed by Farm Journal Media, will bring together agriculture and consumers. Funds raised will be donated to organizations working toward solutions.
Novus International is supporting Heifer's work through an innovative five year project to improve the livelihoods of rural, smallholder farmer households in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Heifer International's strength in community-level development, complemented by Novus's commitment to sustainably improve the health and nutrition of local households, offers farmers practical training towards improving animal health, maximizing productivity and strengthening local feed resources.
Terracycle creates eco-friendly products from a wide range of non-recyclable waste materials, finding unique uses for materials often deemed garbage. Heifer will be a recipient of Terracycle's national collection program in schools across the nation.
The General Federation of Women's Clubs is dedicated to community improvement by enhancing the lives of others through volunteer service and has selected Heifer International as a partner in the area of international outreach. The goal of this program area is to affect change for our global friends in communities around the world through advocacy, education and action. Reflecting the motto "Unity in Diversity", GFWC's members in thousands of communities across the United States and around the world are encouraged and resourced to raise awareness and funds in their local communities to support Heifer's work.


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A collection of news and information related to Gang Activity published by this site and its partners.
Top Gang Activity Articles
Displaying items 100-110
Charges filed in shooting death of rapper 'Flipside,' other man
San Diego settles lawsuit over officer sexual misconduct for $795,000
Second man held in killing of woman found under bridge
Story | Sep 27, 2013 | 5:30 PMA second man has been charged in the killing of a 28-year-old Santa Ana woman whose body was found under the Newport Bay Bridge on Labor Day. The Orange County district attorney's office last week named Irvin Tellez, 25, a construction worker, as a co-... -
After Boston: Why it's important that we keep asking, 'Why?'
Column | Sep 27, 2013 | 12:30 PM"I, and I think all of the law enforcement professionals, are hoping for a host of reasons that the suspect survives," said Massachusetts Gov. Deval Patrick on Saturday, "because we have a million questions, and those questions need to be answered."... -
Two Pomona gang members charged with murder
Homeless pair plead not guilty in deadly crossbow attack
Gang injunction granted in Echo Park
Story | Sep 26, 2013 | 10:30 PMA Los Angeles County court granted a permanent injunction Thursday against six gangs in Echo Park and its surrounding neighborhoods, according to the city attorney's office. The injunction seeks to prohibit known members of the Big Top Locos,... -
Youngest victim of park shooting leaves hospital: 'May the good Lord bless you'
Feds: 9 charged in gang conspiracy, including 5 murders
In Mexico's north, second mass shooting in a week leaves four dead
Story | Sep 26, 2013 | 3:24 PMMEXICO CITY — Four men were killed and five people seriously injured early Thursday at a bar outside the northern city of Monterrey when assailants burst in and opened fire on patrons, officials with the state government of Nuevo Leon said. The... -
From this mass shooting, hope that something can be done
Story | Sep 20, 2013 | 4:32 PMChicago firefighters wash the scene where at least 13 people, including a 3-year-old, were shot at Cornell Square Park in the Back of the Yards neighborhood in Chicago. — E. Jason Wambsgans, Chicago Tribune, Sept. 20, 2013 This Sunday column......


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Jefferson Park is an urban neighborhood located in Denver, Colorado's Central Platte Valley. Historically Denver's first suburb, Jefferson Park is a diverse and urban neighborhood close to downtown and near many of Denver's major attractions. For more facts and figures, check out the unofficial Wiki page.
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- Fun on Federal a Family Event! September 11, 2013Fun on Federal started as a small effort to showcase a few new and existing restaurants along Federal Boulevard and the emerging W. 25th Avenue area of businesses, and has expanded to a family fun-filled event with musicians, jumpy castle, children spanish dancers, a face painter, and more. Existing Federal staples as well as new [...]
- Federal BID to Sponsor Public Visioning Sessions September 11, 2013What improvements should be made for the small business areas along Federal Boulevard from W 23rd to 26th Avenues and along West 25th?Landscaping, pedestrian safety measures, new retail businesses serving young families? How should the area be identified? How would you envision the area five or ten years from now? These are the kinds of questions [...]
- Fun on Federal a Family Event! September 11, 2013
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- It's that time again! Want to help a family or child this holiday season? If interested please email Stefin at email@example.com. 1 month ago
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- November 5, 2012
- 11:10 a.m.
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PleaseDeleteMe (Inactive) writes:
in response to valandingham1:
The Government can cut cost by 66% by replacing Civilian employees with Active Members of the military. Then they can increase pensions for Military retirees to 100% Military Basic Pay at 20 years, and save money in the long run. The reason why the cost to the Military has gone up is because Civilian and Contract Hiring. The reason Civil Service was created because Retired Military Service Members were not getting enough retirement pay to live off of. Since 1995 the Retired Military has been forced to pay for Health Care on Military Installations out of a pension they cannot even live off of. Before Civil Service the Navy can come and go as they pleased and it cost less. Before MSC it cost less to refuel and replenish U.S. Naval War Ships.
The reason why the Army and Air Force Bases are being forced to combine because the Air Force was trying to save money on Health Care by not hiring civil medical personal.
Here is the truth on how pay and accountability works. The Military gets paid by the MONTH while Civilians get paid by the HOUR. If you have 10 people working on 50 hours a week for a solid month. 5 Military and 5 Civilians.
The Military would only receive their Military Basic pay only for those that are Single living in the BEQ. I know that some people will try to say Wrong, to this post then try to add the cost of FREE ACTIVE MILITARY Health Care, which before 1995 was provided by a staff of 100% Military Medical Personal getting paid Military Basic Pay, and Wrong by trying to say all Active Military Personal receive additional Pays for housing, well the Single Service Member doesn't get paid BAH, or trying to say Wrong Military Personal get paid for food, Single Sailors living in the BEQ can get their food at the Mess Hall/Base Galley at no addition cost to them because it is all being taken out of their Food Alliance. So the Civil Service Employees don't try to turn this very true statement around.
Civilian Employees receive a Hourly Wage for the 40 hours plus 10 hours of Overtime. Which the Equation for Civilians working 50 hours a week for a month =4*((40*Hourly Wage)+(10*(Hourly Wage*1.5))).
Please post a source for this?
When you do please take into account housing costs, retirement costs, clothing allowance, training, MEDICAL, and all of the stuff the military pays for.
In the end it is cheaper to contract the work out because $100/hr to the contractor (Of which $35-50 in pay/bennies goes to the worker) is still cheaper than maintaining a military person (assuming he will retire from military and get benefit).
Please post your source with numbers for all of the above, otherwise I'll take it as your opinion.
Remember the taxpayers ARE paying for hte military person - nothing is free.
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Survey of Energy Resources 2004
The World Energy Council has been producing the Survey of Energy Resources, a unique and authoritative reference publication on global energy resources, since 1934. This is the 20th edition of the triennial Survey.
Access to energy is fundamental to our civilisation, and economic and social development is fuelling a growing demand for reliable, affordable and clean energy. Moreover, nearly 1.6 billion people, or roughly a quarter of the world's population, today lack access to modern energy services.
Survey of Energy Resources 2004 ( PDF File, 6064KB)Policies for the future: 2011 Assessment of country energy and climate policy
The World Energy Council in partnership with Oliver Wyman (global consulting firm) has over the past year worked on its third Assessment of country energy and climate policy aiming to identify key areas for policy improvements and to understand how successful policies can be transferred from one country to another. more >


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Actually this Adha Vacation was my first time to visit Moon Island camp and I've to admit that I've never felt 'Home' in a trip before as much as I had in Moon Island, in addition to the lovely scenery and mood of the camp.. everything about this place and its people (owners, staff and other guests) will make you... More
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Location: From the finest spot of the Sinai Peninsula lies the idealistic "Moon Island", bringing you one of the most scenic, quiet and secluded beaches of Egypt to keep you relaxed and help you unwind Accommodation: 30 sea view bungalows giving the natural look that blends with the surrounding, making sure you would enjoy the best of camping in a comfortable and convenient ambiance. Restaurant: "Moon Island" offers a rich selection of local and international food. You can either enjoy your meal at your bungalow's private patio or at our open-air restaurant. Share the banquet experience with your friends and loved ones amidst the enormous mountains and relaxing sea shore Attraction: Diving/ Snorkelling Hiking Safari trips Rooms & Facilities: Rooms are equipped with power outlets Rooms have private balconies with sea view Pick-up and transfer services Drinking ice cubes Heated showers Pet friendly. ... more less


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Painted mural in Chemainus
Sightseers whale watching (Canadian Tourism Commission photo)
For information on whale watching in this location and other nearby locations, check out the map and product listings from business or service providers below.
Local Visitor Centres may also be able to offer helpful information about whale watching opportunities in this area.
1 Whale Watching in Chemainus
Are you ready for awe-inspiring whale watching memories from Vancouver Island? Ocean EcoVentures' high quality whale watching excursions depart daily from the seaside village of Cowichan Bay. Our whale watching tours focus on the southern resident orca whales, humpback whales, grey whales & minke whales. You will also encounter sea lions, bald eagles, harbour seals, Dall's & harbour porpoise, as well as a myriad of marine birds on your whale watching eco tour. Ocean EcoVentures is committed to providing you with an intimate & informative whale watching experience. Small tour groups - a maximum of 12 passengers on each tour. Whales are our passion!
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