text:
UK Independence Party
UK Independence Party | |
Welsh name | Plaid Annibyniaeth y DU |
Leader | Nigel Farage MEP |
Secretary-General | Jonathan Arnott |
Deputy Leader | Paul Nuttall MEP |
Executive chairman | Steve Crowther |
President | Jeffrey Titford |
Founded | 3 September 1993 |
Headquarters | Newton Abbot, Devon |
Youth wing | Young Independence |
Membership (2013) | 30,000[1] |
Ideology | Euroscepticism Right-wing populism Libertarianism[2][3][4] |
Political position | Right-wing[5] |
International affiliation | None |
European affiliation | None |
European Parliament group | Europe of Freedom and Democracy |
Colours | Purple and Yellow |
House of Commons |
0 / 650
House of Lords |
3 / 724
European Parliament |
9 / 73
Local government |
226 / 21,259
Police and Crime Commissioner |
0 / 41
Website | |
http://www.ukip.org/ | |
Politics of the United Kingdom Political parties Elections |
The UK Independence Party (UKIP, Ukip, /ˈjuːkɪp/ YEW-kip) is a Eurosceptic[6][7] right-wing populist[8] political party in the United Kingdom, founded in 1993. The party describes itself in its constitution as a "democratic, libertarian party"[9] and, as of July 2013, has a membership of 30,000.[1]
As of September 2013, UKIP has 9 of the 73 UK seats in the European Parliament, three members in the House of Lords and one seat in the Northern Ireland Assembly,[10][11] though it has never won a seat in the House of Commons. The UKIP performance in the 2013 local election was the "biggest surge for a fourth party" in British politics since the Second World War,[12] coming fourth in the number of council seats won and third in projected nationwide vote share.[13][14] Nigel Farage is the leader of UKIP after being re-elected on 5 November 2010,[15] having previously been leader from 2006 to 2009. Farage is a founding member of the party[16] (from its formation as the Anti-Federalist League in 1991) and has been a UKIP Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 1999.[17]
Founding and early years[edit]
UKIP was founded in 1993 by Alan Sked and other members of the cross-party Anti-Federalist League, a political party set up in November 1991 with the aim of fielding candidates opposed to the Maastricht Treaty.[18]
The nascent party's primary objective was withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. It attracted a few members of the Eurosceptic wing of the Conservative Party, which was split on the European question after the pound was forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism in 1992 and the struggle over ratification of the Maastricht Treaty. UKIP candidates stood in the 1997 general election, but were overshadowed by James Goldsmith's Referendum Party.
After the election, Sked resigned from the leadership and left the party because he felt "they are racist and have been infected by the far-right"[19] and "doomed to remain on the political fringes".[20] However, Goldsmith died soon after the election and the Referendum Party was dissolved, with a resulting influx of new UKIP supporters. The leadership election was won by the millionaire businessman Michael Holmes, and in the 1999 elections to the European Parliament UKIP gained three seats and 7% of the vote. In that election, Nigel Farage (South East England), Jeffrey Titford (East of England), and Michael Holmes (South West England) were elected.
Over the following months there was a power struggle between Holmes, and the party's National Executive Committee (NEC). This was partly due to Holmes making a speech perceived as calling for greater powers for the European Parliament against the European Commission. Ordinary party members forced the resignation of both Holmes and the entire NEC and Jeffrey Titford was subsequently elected leader. Holmes resigned from the party itself in March 2000. There was a legal battle when he tried to continue as an independent MEP until resigning from the European Parliament in December 2002, when he was replaced by Graham Booth, the second candidate on the UKIP list in South West England.
UKIP put up candidates in more than 420 seats in the 2001 general election, attaining 1.5% of the vote and failing to win any representation at Westminster. It also failed to break through in the elections to the Scottish Parliament or the Welsh Assembly, despite those elections being held under proportional representation. In 2002, Titford stood down as party leader, but continued to sit as a UKIP MEP. He was replaced as leader by Roger Knapman. In 2004 UKIP reorganised itself nationally as a private company limited by guarantee, with the legal name of United Kingdom Independence Party Limited, though branches remained as unincorporated associations.[21][22]
Kilroy Silk and UKIP under Knapman[edit]
The 2004 European elections provided UKIP's first electoral success, coming third with winning 12 MEPs elected. In the London Assembly elections the same year, UKIP won two London Assembly seats.
In late 2004, the mainstream UK press speculated on if or when the UKIP MEP, former Labour Party MP and chat-show host Robert Kilroy-Silk would take control of the party. These comments were heightened by Kilroy-Silk's speech at the UKIP party conference in Bristol on 2 October 2004, in which he called for the Conservative Party to be "killed off" following the by-election in Hartlepool, where UKIP finished third (with 10.2%) above the Conservatives in fourth (9.7%).
Interviewed by Channel 4 television, Kilroy-Silk did not deny having ambitions to lead the party, but stressed that Roger Knapman would lead it into the next general election.[citation needed] However, the next day, on Breakfast with Frost, he criticised Knapman's leadership.[23] After further disagreement with the leadership, Kilroy-Silk resigned the UKIP whip in the European Parliament on 27 October 2004.[24] Initially, he remained a member, while seeking a bid for the party leadership. However, this was not successful and he resigned completely from UKIP on 20 January 2005, calling it a "joke".[25] Two weeks later, he founded his own party, Veritas, taking a number of UKIP members, including both of the London Assembly members, with him.[26]
UKIP had hoped to sustain its momentum in the 2005 general election, but despite fielding 495 candidates, the party failed to achieve a breakthrough as it had in the European elections a year before. UKIP gained 618,000 votes, or 2.3% of the total votes cast in the election, an increase of 220,000 votes from its result in the 2001 general election. This placed it fourth in terms of votes cast nationally.[27] However, the party again failed to win any seats at Westminster. 45 UKIP candidates saved their deposits, up from only six in 2001. Its best performance was in Boston & Skegness, where its candidate Richard Horsnell came third with 9.6% of the vote.[28]
Following the 2005 general election, Kilroy-Silk subsequently resigned from Veritas after its performance in the election, the party having received only 40,607 votes.[27]
2009 European elections[edit]
On 28 March 2009, the Conservative Party's biggest-ever donor, Stuart Wheeler, donated £100,000 to UKIP after criticising David Cameron's stance towards the Lisbon treaty and the European Union. He said, "If they kick me out I will understand. I will be very sorry about it, but it won't alter my stance."[29] The following day, 29 March, he was expelled from the Conservative Party.[30]
The 2009 European elections resulted in UKIP coming second with 16.5% of the vote and 13 MEPs, an increase of one MEP and 0.3% in the share of the vote compared to the 2004 European Elections.[31]
Leadership election, 2009[edit]
In September 2009, Nigel Farage announced that he would be resigning as leader of the party in order to stand for Parliament against the Speaker, John Bercow.[32] The leadership election was contested by five candidates - Malcolm Pearson, Gerard Batten, Nikki Sinclaire, Mike Nattrass and Alan Wood - and was won by Malcolm Pearson with just under half of the 9900 votes cast [33]
2010 general election[edit]
UKIP fielded 572 candidates in the 2010 general election;.[34] Lord Pearson asked some prospective candidates to stand down in favour of Eurosceptic Conservative and Labour MPs. However, some refused to do so.[citation needed] This did not stop Lord Pearson from campaigning on behalf of the Conservative candidates stating that he was "putting country before party". These decisions drew some criticism from within the party from the likes of Michael Heaver of Young Independence.[citation needed]
On the morning of polling day, Farage was injured when a passenger in a light aircraft which crashed near Brackley, Northamptonshire.[35]
In the election the party polled 3.1% of the vote (919,471 votes), an increase of 0.9% on the 2005 general election, but took no seats.[36] This made it the party with the largest percentage of the popular vote to win no seats in the election.[37]
In Buckingham, the seat of the Speaker John Bercow, Farage obtained 17% of the vote, despite receiving some level of support from Lord Tebbit, a senior Conservatives figure.[38] Farage came third behind Bercow and John Stevens, the Buckinghamshire Campaign For Democracy candidate,[39] a Europhile and former Conservative MEP.[40] UKIP was also third in three other constituencies: North Cornwall, North Devon and Torridge and West Devon.[41] Farage's result was the best of all UKIP candidates that the party put forward in the 2010 general election.[42]
Leadership election, 2010[edit]
Lord Pearson resigned as leader in August 2010.[43] The subsequent leadership election was contested between Nigel Farage, Tim Congdon, David Bannerman and Winston McKenzie and won by Farage with more than 60% of the vote.[44] During his acceptance speech, Farage spoke out against the leadership of the Conservative Party, and Conservative policy on Europe.[45] Lord Pearson, the previous leader, welcomed Farage's re-election, and said "The UKIP crown returns to its rightful owner."[46]
Since the 2010 general election[edit]
UKIP contested two by-elections in early 2011, with candidate Jane Collins coming second in Barnsley Central with 12.2% of the vote[47] and Paul Nuttall finishing fourth in Oldham East and Saddleworth with 5.8% of the vote.[48] Farage welcomed Collins's success and said that UKIP should now aim to replace the Liberal Democrats as the third largest party, claiming "The Lib Dems are no longer the voice of opposition in British politics – we are. Between now and the next general election our aim is to replace them as the third party in British politics."[49]
UKIP fielded 1,217 candidates for the 2011 local council elections, a major increase over its previous campaigns,[citation needed] but not enough to qualify for a party election broadcast on television.[50] UKIP said that the party was well-organised in the South East, South West and Eastern regions, but there were still places across the country where there were no UKIP candidates standing at all.[51]
Across the country, many UKIP candidates came second or third. UKIP in Newcastle-under-Lyme gained a total of five seats on Newcastle Borough Council in 2007 and 2008 and three seats on Staffordshire County Council in 2009. Although UKIP did not poll well, it made gains across many parts of England, as well as taking control of Ramsey town council with nine UKIP councillors out of 17. Whilst UKIP made gains and losses, the party fell short of Farage's predictions of major gains. The UKIP MEP Marta Andreasen called for Farage's resignation as leader of the party.[52]
In October 2012, David McNarry, a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly who had been elected as an Ulster Unionist, joined UKIP after being expelled from the Ulster Unionist, becoming UKIPs second representative in Northern Ireland alongside Henry Reilly, a councillor in Newry and Mourne.[53]
On 29 November 2012, UKIP finished in second place in the 2012 Rotherham by-election, with 4,648 votes (21.7% of the votes cast). This was the highest percentage share recorded by UKIP in any parliamentary election (although it had polled a greater number of votes in both the 2012 Corby by-election and in Buckingham in the 2010 general election, where its candidate was Nigel Farage).[54][55] Its candidate, Jane Collins, had previously been the only UKIP candidate to come second in any UK parliamentary election at Barnsley Central in 2011. UKIP also came second in 2012 in the Middlesbrough by-election and third in the Croydon North by-election, which were held on the same day as Rotherham.
During 2012 and early 2013, UKIP's popularity in opinion polls increased, with many polls indicating that it had overtaken the Liberal Democrats for third place.[56]
During the Eastleigh by-election on 28 February 2013, the party's candidate Diane James polled the highest percentage (27.8%) and number of votes (11,571) ever for a UKIP parliamentary candidate. UKIP came second, 4.26% (1,771 votes) behind the Liberal Democrats who retained the seat. The Conservatives were pushed into third place with a quarter of the vote and the Labour Party into fourth place with less than 10% of the vote.
In the run-up to the 2013 local elections, UKIP continued to do well in opinion polls and put up a record number of candidates for the party,[57] despite a number of controversies over individual candidates in the weeks before the elections[58][59][60] with the BBC reporting that UKIP was investigating "six candidates over links to the BNP and other far right groups or alleged racist and homophobic comments, following stories in national and local newspapers."[57] Several candidates were suspended from the party for racist views.[61] UKIP accused the Conservative Party's Central Office of trawling through candidates' online presences to "smear" the party, but acknowledged that it did not have the time or money to vet all of its candidates.[57]
In the 2013 county council elections across England, the party achieved its best ever local government result, polling an average of 23% in the wards it stood and returning 147 elected councillors.[14] It made significant gains in Norfolk, Lincolnshire and Kent taking 15, 16 and 17 seats respectively.[62] It was described as the best result for a party outside the big three in British politics since the Second World War.[12] A Guardian/ICM poll in the week after these elections placed UKIP third in national polls, with nationwide support of 18%. However, analysis suggests that in one considered scenario this level of support will not be enough to win any seats at the next general election, and UKIP "face an uphill struggle to secure more than a handful of MPs".[63] By 11 June 2013 UKIP had dropped 6 points in the Guardian/ICM poll, to join the Liberal Democrats on 12%.[64] However by 16 June Comres had UKIP support at 19% [65] and Observer/Opinium at 20%.[66]
Though winning councillors and gaining impressive vote shares in by-elections in England, UKIP has not been able to make any similar advance in Scotland, a trend that was confirmed in the Aberdeen Donside by-election on 20 June 2013, where the UKIP candidate came 5th, losing his deposit with just 4.8% of the vote.[67]
In September 2013 Mike Nattrass resigned, describing Farage's leadership of the party as "totalitarian", following his earlier deselection.[68] He was the fourth UKIP MEP elected in 2009 to leave the party. During the party's conference in 2013 the whip was suspended from Godfrey Bloom, after he was reported to have made sexist comments.[69]
UKIP Scotland[edit]
Ukip in Scotland was led by Lord Christopher Monckton and chaired by Mike Scott-Hayward until late 2013, when the Scottish administration was dissolved and the Scottish section of the party "wiped out"[70] following what has been described in the press as a "civil war"[71] between the Scottish leadership and challengers favoured by Farage.
Ukip has no elected representatives in Scotland, and commentators have observed that "Ukip in Scotland has failed to replicate the party's success south of the Border".[71] Ukip candidates came fifth and lost their deposits in the Aberdeen Donside by-election, 2013 and Dunfermline by-election, 2013.
Ukip's unpopularity in Scotland has been reflected by various public demonstrations. When Nigel Farage visited Scotland during a by-election campaign in May 2013, protesters from the Radical Independence Campaign interrupted his press conference in the Canon's Gait pub on Edinburgh's Royal Mile and forced him to be taken away in an armoured police van.[72][73][74] Protesters have similarly protested Farage's appearance on a Question Time episode hosted in Scotland.[75]
Scotland is currently the only region for which Ukip has not announced its full list of candidates for the European Parliament election in 2014, owing to part of the aforementioned "dispute within Ukip Scotland", whereby seven of the nine shortlisted candidates resigned their candidacy immediately before members were balloted to pick the final six, in protest of an unfair balloting process.[71]
UKIP Northern Ireland[edit]
UKIP's membership in Northern Ireland was 247 in June 2013.[76] The party's only representative to be elected under the UKIP label in Northern Ireland, the Kilkeel councillor Henry Reilly, is the party's Northern Ireland chairman. Alan Love is its vice-chairman, Barbara Trotter is secretary and Alan Lewis is treasurer.
The party is registered as unionist in the Northern Ireland Assembly. Paul Nuttall, MEP for North West England and UKIP's deputy leader, has called for a UKIP-Traditional Unionist Voice electoral pact for the 2014 European Parliament election.[77]
UKIP Gibraltar[edit]
UKIP Gibraltar is a branch of UKIP in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. It held its first public meeting at the Lord Nelson on 25 April 2013.[78] The UKIP leader Nigel Farage claims that Gibraltar, along with all other British Overseas Territories, should have representatives in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, similar to the privileges given to French overseas territories in France. Farage asserts that all Britons for whom the British Parliament passes legislation, whether in the United Kingdom or its territories, deserve democratic representation in that Parliament.[79]
Although UKIP's original raison d'être was withdrawal from the European Union,[80] it was felt that the public perception of the party as a single-issue party – despite issuing a full manifesto – was damaging electoral progress.[81] Farage, on becoming leader, started a wide-ranging policy review, his stated aim being "the development of the party into broadly standing for traditional conservative and libertarian values".[82] Despite this review, an editorial in The Guardian newspaper in 2012 describes UKIP's real importance to UK politics being its presence as "a permanent single-issue temptation for anti-EU Tories".[83]
Taxation and economy[edit]
UKIP proposes cuts in corporation taxes and the abolition of inheritance taxes.[84] The abolition of inheritance tax would cost about £3bn a year.[85] A flat rate of tax and the abolition of national insurance are advocated, which UKIP claims will simplify the tax system, although it is currently unclear what this flat tax rate would be set at.[86] UKIP proposes "tens of billions" of cuts to taxation, along with a further £77bn of cuts to the public sector in order to reduce the deficit.[86] The economic plans outlined by UKIP have been called into question by The Times, who have highlighted a "£120 billion black hole" in their spending plans.[87]
According to the party website, UKIP proposes directing the majority of health care spending to elected County Health Boards, making spending decisions directly accountable to the public locally;[88][89] as well as dramatically cutting the Department of Health and bringing in professional procurement skills to reduce what UKIP claims are the huge amounts of money wasted in procurement and resource allocation.[88] In addition, UKIP proposes introducing a voucher system that will enable people to receive treatment outside of the NHS, replace non-clinical managers with matrons to run NHS hospitals and introduce free dental and eye checks.[90]
European Union[edit]
UKIP advocates leaving the European Union, resulting in stopping payments to the EU and withdrawal from EU treaties, while maintaining trading ties with other European countries.[86] Nigel Farage claims Britain can get a "simple free trade agreement",[91] and says that Britain can negotiate its own free trade agreements around the world without participation in EU trade agreements. For example, UKIP suggests that Britain can create a Commonwealth Free Trade Area.[92]
In its 2010 general election manifesto, UKIP stated that leaving the EU would allow Britain to "regain three essential Freedoms" and asserted a belief in civic nationalism, which it claims "is open and inclusive to anyone who wishes to identify with Britain, regardless of ethnic or religious background" while contrasting that with what it described as the "blood and soil" nationalism of extremist parties.[93]
European Court of Human Rights/Council of Europe[edit]
UKIP wants to repeal the Human Rights Act and thereby remove Britain from the European Court of Human Rights.[citation needed]
In addition, a withdrawal from both the European Convention on Refugees and the European Convention on Human Rights is advocated by UKIP,[94][not in citation given] to "enable us to deport foreign criminal and terrorist suspects where desirable" while still "allow[ing] genuine asylum applications in accordance with our international obligations".[95]
UKIP's policies on immigration are currently under review[96] after receiving criticism for not having "clear-cut" immigration policies.[97] The party has previously outlined a number of measures designed to reduce immigration into the UK [95][96] which include a five-year "freeze" on immigration for permanent settlement, the introduction of a points-based work-permit system and initiating a drive to remove illegal immigrants. In addition, UKIP proposes to allow EU citizens who have been domiciled in the UK for seven years to apply for citizenship.[95][96]
Same-sex marriage[edit]
In November 2012, David Coburn of UKIP's National Executive Committee stated the party's policy on same-sex marriage: the party supports civil partnerships but opposes legalisation of same-sex marriage because of concerns that a law change could mean that faith groups and places of worship would be forced to perform same-sex marriages.[3][98]
Energy, environment and climate change[edit]
UKIP are sceptical of man-made climate change and oppose the creation of wind farms and investment in other renewable energy sources.[3] In 2010, UKIP stated that they would seek to have a Royal Commission investigate whether or not climate change is man-made, to scrap wind farm subsidies, ban the showing of the global warming film An Inconvenient Truth in schools, and ban use of public money by local authorities on climate change-related efforts.[99] UKIP's 2013 energy policy document states that global warming is part of a natural cycle: "the slight warming in the last hundred years is entirely consistent with well-established, long-term natural climate cycles".[100]
On Any Questions, Nigel Farage described plans to increase the use of wind energy as "loopy" and said it would lead to Britain being covered "in ugly disgusting ghastly windmills" that would not satisfactorily provide for Britain's energy needs.[100]
UKIP politician Christopher Monckton said that the intention of a proposed United Nations climate treaty was to "impose a communist world government",[100] and stated that UKIP was the only option for those who disbelieve in climate change as "all the major parties have decided to sign up to the eco-fascist agenda".[99]
Party leadership[edit]
List of Leaders of the party[edit]
Leader | Tenure | Related note(s) |
Alan Sked1 | 1993–1997 | |
Craig Mackinlay1 | 1997 | Acting leader |
Michael Holmes, MEP1 | 1997–2000 | MEP from 1999–2004 |
Jeffrey Titford, MEP | 2000–2002 | MEP from 1999–2009 |
Roger Knapman, MEP | 2002–2006 | MEP from 2004–2009 |
Nigel Farage, MEP | 2006–2009 | MEP from 1999 |
The Lord Pearson of Rannoch | 2009–2010 | |
Jeffrey Titford | 2010 | Acting leader |
Nigel Farage, MEP | 2010–present |
1 Subsequently left the party.
Deputy Leader[edit]
UKIP Scotland Leader[edit]
National Executive Committee[edit]
- Executive chairman: Steve Crowther
Ex-officio members[101]
- Party director: Lisa Duffy, Mayor of Ramsey
- Party treasurer: Stuart Wheeler
- Party secretary: Michael Greaves
- General secretary: Jonathan Arnott
- Party Nominating Officer: Peter Reeve
Committee Members[102][dead link]
- MEP for London: Gerard Batten
- North West region: Steven Woolfe
- North West region: Louise Bours
- South East region: Alan Bown
- South East region: Doug Denny
- London region: David Coburn
- South West region: Neil Hamilton
- Eastern region: George Curtis
- South West region: Hugh Williams (Deputy Treasurer)
- Eastern region: Mick McGough
- South East region: Piers Wauchope
- East Midlands region:
- South East region: Sebastian Fairweather
UKIP's NEC election results:
Devolved Seats | |
London Assembly |
0 / 25
Scottish Parliament |
0 / 129
Welsh Assembly |
0 / 60
Northern Ireland Assembly |
1 / 108
House of Commons[edit]
UKIP has never had an MP elected to the House of Commons, although the party briefly had representation when Dr Bob Spink, the MP for Castle Point, defected from the Conservative Party to UKIP on 21 April 2008, before leaving UKIP in November 2008 following disagreements with the party on several issues.
House of Lords[edit]
On 24 June 1995, UKIP gained its first member of the House of Lords in the form of Lord Grantley, who had joined the party in 1993 from the Conservatives and had recently succeeded to his father's titles. However, with the coming House of Lords Act 1999, he decided not to stand for election as a continuing member, and so left the House in November 1999. The Lord Pearson of Rannoch and Lord Willoughby de Broke both defected to UKIP on 7 January 2007, giving the party its first representation in the House of Lords since Lord Grantley's departure.[103] The Lord Pearson of Rannoch went on to serve as party leader from November 2009 to September 2010. On 18 September 2012, The Lord Stevens of Ludgate joined UKIP, having sat as an Independent Conservative since his expulsion from the Conservatives in 2004.[104]
Northern Ireland Assembly[edit]
On 4 October 2012 UKIP gained its first representation in the Northern Ireland Assembly following the defection of David McNarry MLA for Strangford, who had been sitting as an independent, following his suspension from the Ulster Unionist Party.[10][11][105]
Welsh Assembly and Scottish Parliament[edit]
UKIP do not currently have any representatives in the other devolved nations of Scotland or Wales. UKIP fielded candidates at the Scottish Parliament election on 5 May 2011, when its platform included a commitment to keep the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh, while replacing the separately-elected Members of the Scottish Parliament with the Members of the House of Commons elected in Scotland.[106] The party also fielded candidates for the Welsh Assembly.[107]
European Parliament[edit]
In 1999, three UKIP members were elected to the European Parliament. Together with Eurosceptics from other countries, they formed a grouping called Europe of Democracies and Diversities (EDD).
In 2004, 37 MEPs from the UK, Poland, Denmark and Sweden founded a new European Parliamentary group called Independence and Democracy (ID) from the old EDD group. However, following the European Parliament election, 2009, where Eurosceptic parties from Denmark, Sweden and elsewhere lost all representation, the ID group was dissolved.
UKIP has since formed a new right-wing grouping called Europe of Freedom and Democracy (EFD) comprising nationalist, Eurosceptic, conservative and other political factions. This group is more right wing than the older Independence and Democracy grouping.[108]
Current Members of the European Parliament[edit]
UKIP has 9 Members in the European Parliament. Trevor Colman has left the EFD grouping but still stands for UKIP.[109] Roger Helmer was elected as a Conservative MEP but defected to UKIP in March 2012.
Local government[edit]
The first UKIP local council election win occurred when one of their members was elected to South Cambridgeshire District Council in 2000. A number of Conservative, Liberal Democrat, Labour and Independent local councillors in all four constituent nations of the UK have defected to UKIP over subsequent years, with the most recent defections to date (May to July 2013) coming from former Conservative councillors in the London Boroughs of Merton, Richmond upon Thames and Havering, and from Labour in Northampton and North-East Lincolnshire. In the May 2012 local elections, UKIP won a total of 7 seats in England out of 2,414 (no change on the previous year),[110] 2 seats in Wales out of 1,223 (up 1)[111] and no seats in Scotland out of 1,220 (down 1).[112] It failed to win any seats in the London Assembly, coming fifth overall with 4.5% of the vote. In November that year, it failed to win any contests in the England and Wales Police and Crime Commissioner elections. In May 2013, 33 English and one Welsh council held local elections, with UKIP gaining 139 seats for a total of 147, with significant gains in Lincolnshire, Norfolk and Kent.[113]
On 6 May 2011, the party won nine of the seventeen seats for Ramsey Town Council in Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire. Before the election, the party had only one seat in the town council. On 12 May, UKIP councillor Lisa Duffy was elected as Mayor. The UKIP group leader for Huntingdonshire District Council said that the town council under UKIP would "be standing up for volunteers and the third sector and will be making grants to them to help the big society develop." The Daily Mail claimed that UKIP "has made political history after taking control of its first council in the UK".[114][dated info]
UKIP MEP Nikki Sinclaire was expelled from UKIP after resigning from the EFD grouping, citing her displeasure at what she perceived to be racist and extremist parties that belong to the EFD Group. Sinclaire also cited the deterioration of her relationship with Farage, the co-leader of the EFD group.[115] Sinclaire was subsequently expelled from UKIP for refusing to be part of the EFD group.[115] She later won a sex discrimination claim against her former colleagues, to which UKIP did not lodge a defence, and the ruling went against the party by default.[116]
In February 2013 Marta Andreasen defected from UKIP to the Conservative Party. Two weeks prior to her defection Andreasen had accused Farage of bullying and being "anti-women" and "a Stalinist".[117] She was UKIP's sole remaining female MEP after the 2009 expulsion of Nikki Sinclaire.[117] Andreasen also told the BBC on 6 February 2013 'that Mr Farage did not want "intelligent, professional" women in key positions in the party'.[117]
Godfrey Bloom whilst sitting as an UKIP MEP made several statements that many perceive to be sexist. A few weeks after being appointed to the European Parliament's Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality on 20 July 2004, Bloom told an interviewer that, "no self-respecting small businessman with a brain in the right place would ever employ a lady of child-bearing age."[118] After inviting students from the University of Cambridge Women's Rugby Club to Brussels in 2004, Bloom was accused of sexual assault, making "sexist and misogynistic remarks" and using offensive language during a dinner party. Bloom, who sponsored the club with £3,000 a year, admitted making misogynist comments but denied sexual harassment.[119][120]
On 20 September 2013, UKIP withdrew the party whip from Bloom after he assaulted journalist Michael Crick in the street, threatened a second reporter, and at the party's conference jokingly referred to his female audience as sluts.[121]
Notable defections[edit]
David Campbell Bannerman defected to the Tories on 24 May 2011. 'He said he had been "impressed" by David Cameron's leadership while UKIP was beset by "internal fighting" and was not a "credible" political force.'[122]
On 12 October 2011, Roger Helmer announced that he would resign from the European Parliament at the end of the year, citing "increasing disillusion with the attitudes of the Conservative Party" as the main reason, although admitting that his "twelve-and-a-half years banging my head against the same brick wall in Brussels is perhaps long enough".[123] It was announced on 2 March 2012 that he had defected from the Conservatives to the United Kingdom Independence Party.[124]
Marta Andreasen defected from UKIP to the Conservative Party in February, 2013 describing leader Nigel Farage as "a Stalinist" who was "anti-women".[125] Previously Andreasen has called for current UKIP leader Nigel Farage to resign over poor local election results in May 2011.[126]
Mike Nattrass failed a candidate assessment test in August 2013 and was deselected by the party for the 2014 European election.[127] He took the party to court over the decision, but lost. In September 2013 Nattrass resigned becoming an Independent MEP in the process describing Farage's leadership of the party as "totalitarian", following his earlier deselection.[68]
Godfrey Bloom resigned his party whip from UKIP on 24 September 2013 and sits as an independent MEP, but remains a member of UKIP.[128]
Voter base[edit]
In 2011, the British academics Matthew Goodwin, Robert Ford and David Cutts published a study that identified Euroscepticism as the main causal factor for voters supporting UKIP, with concern over immigration levels and distrust of the political establishment also featuring as important motives. The average UKIP voter was 55 years old, which is older than voters in others parties. There was no correlation between social class and likelihood of voting UKIP, although UKIP voters tended to feel more financially insecure than the average voter. The skilled working class were found to be slightly overrepresented amongst UKIP voters, and there was a higher likelihood that a UKIP voter had grown up in a conservative supporting household compared to the average voter.[129]
In the same year, a study by Richard Whitaker and Philip Lynch of the University of Leicester based on polling data from YouGov concluded that "the balance of attitudinal explanations of UKIP support makes its voters distinct from those voting for far right parties". The authors found that voter support for UKIP correlated with concerns about the value of immigration, hostility to immigrants and a lack of trust in the political system but the biggest explanatory factor for their support of UKIP was Euroscepticism.[130] A further study by the same authors suggests that UKIP voters' core beliefs align very closely to those of the UKIP candidates; particularly so on issues surrounding European integration, which has resulted in Conservative voters switching to UKIP due to divisions within the Conservatives over this issue.[131]
In May 2013, Stephan Shakespeare, the CEO of YouGov analysed the reasons for the strong support and performance of UKIP in the 2013 local elections. He observed that voter research showed UKIP had "very loyal" followers, with a high proportion of ex-Conservative voters, and that the primary reason for support was a sense by voters that UKIP "seemed to be on the same wavelength" as the population, was perceived as "genuine" and "simply different", and by tapping into the "anti-politics mood" became contrasted strongly with "the others [who] haven't got a clue about the real world". He concluded that "you just don't get this [perception] with other party leaders, not even from their supporters". Noting also that 23% of voters reported giving "serious consideration" to voting UKIP, and that non-UKIP voters were "only half as likely to mention immigration or Europe" as existing UKIP voters, he also concluded that these potential voters were "best won" by providing a "broad agenda".[132]
Breakaway parties[edit]
- Veritas - Latin for "truth" - was officially founded in a press conference on 2 February, during which Kilroy-Silk proclaimed "unlike the old parties, we shall be honest, open and straight", devoid of the other parties' "lies and spin". There were a number of defections from UKIP to the party. They included UKIP London Assembly member Damian Hockney, who became deputy leader.[133]
- One London was a small British political party formed on 1 September 2005 by Damian Hockney and Peter Hulme-Cross. They were elected to the London Assembly in June 2004 as United Kingdom Independence Party representatives. One London became a registered party in November 2005 and de-registered in November 2008.[134]
- We Demand a Referendum is a British political party launched by Nikki Sinclaire MEP in June 2012.[135]
- New Deal, a party, which has been described as "a new left-of-centre anti–EU party which hopes to challenge Labour was founded in September 2013 by UKIP founder Alan Sked".[136]
See also[edit]
- Bruges Group (Eurosceptic thinktank)
- Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom
- Opinion polling for the next United Kingdom general election
- ^ a b George Eaton, "UKIP membership hits 30,000. Could it overtake the Lib Dems next?". New Statesman, 12 July 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013
- ^ Rooksby, Ed (19 December 2012). "Ukip are true libertarians". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- ^ a b c "Local elections: What does UKIP stand for?". BBC. 3 may 2013. "They can broadly be seen as right wing, with a strong libertarian flavour and a dash of social conservatism."
- ^ Robinson, Chris (13). Electoral Systems and Voting in the United Kingdom. Edinburgh University Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0748627509.
- ^ Aylott, Nicholas; Magnus Blomgren, Torbjorn Bergman (18). Political Parties in Multi-Level Polities: The Nordic Countries Compared. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 2009. ISBN 978-0230243736.
- ^ Fieschi, Catherine (15 June 2004). "The new avengers". The Guardian (London: Guardian News & Media). Retrieved 13 November 2008.
- ^ Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe: The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck". Parties-and-elections.eu. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
- ^ See:
- Abedi, Amir; Lundberg, Thomas Carl (2009). "Doomed to Failure? UKIP and the Organisational Challenges Facing Right-Wing Populist Anti-Political Establishment Parties". Parliamentary Affairs (Oxford) 62 (1): 72–87. doi:10.1093/pa/gsn036
- Benedetto, Giacomo (2006). "The United Kingdom: Position taking and the protection of red lines". Policy-making Processes and the European Constitution: A comparative study of member state and accession countries (Routledge): 235. "The UK Independence Party is a right-wing 'new populist' party..."
- Owen Jones: Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class, p 245, Verso 2011
- David Art, Inside the Radical Right, p 188, Cambridge University Press, 2011
- Stephen Driver. Understanding British Party Politics, p 151, Polity Press 2011
- Daniel Trilling, Bloody Nasty People: The Rise of Britain's Far Right, p 154, Verso 2012
- Edgar Grande; Martin Dolezal; Marc Helbling; Dominic Höglinger (31 July 2012). Political Conflict in Western Europe. Cambridge University Press. pp. 52–. ISBN 978-1-107-02438-0. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- Jens Rydgren (20 December 2012). Class Politics and the Radical Right. Routledge. pp. 97–. ISBN 978-1-136-16061-5. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
- Erik Oddvar Eriksen; John Erik Fossum (17 June 2013). Rethinking Democracy and the European Union. Routledge. pp. 123–. ISBN 978-1-136-49090-3. Retrieved 20 July 2013. - ^ "Constitution of the UK Independence Party". Retrieved 16 May 2013. "Objectives: 2.5 The Party is a democratic, libertarian Party"
- ^ a b "Strangford MLA David McNarry joins UK Independence Party". BBC. 4 October 2012.
- ^ a b "Ukip will change face of British politics like SDP, says Nigel Farage". The Guardian. May 3, 2013.
- ^ "Local elections: Nigel Farage hails results as a 'game changer'". BBC.
- ^ a b "Local elections 2013: Nigel Farage's Ukip surges to best ever showing, winning 150 seats". Daily Telegraph. 5 May 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- ^ "Nigel Farage re-elected to lead UK Independence Party". BBC News. 5 November 2010.
- ^ "Profile: Nigel Farage". BBC News. 12 September 2006. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
- ^ 'FARAGE, Nigel Paul', Who's Who 2013, A & C Black, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012; online editionn, November 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
- ^ "About UKIP".
- ^ Cohen, Nick (6 February 2005). "Nick Cohen: No truth behind Veritas". The Guardian (London).
- ^ "Scottish election: UK Independence Party profile". BBC (London). 13 April 2011.
- ^ "Companies House WebCHeck - UNITED KINGDOM INDEPENDENCE PARTY LIMITED". Companies House. Company No. 05090691. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
- ^ "(1) UK Independence Party Limited, (2) Gordon Howard Parkin v. Alan Hardy". Royal Courts of Justice. 26 October 2011. [2011] EWCA Civ 1204. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
- ^ "Kilroy-Silk wants UKIP leadership", Daily Telegraph, 3 October 2004
- ^ "Kilroy quits UKIP group of MEPs", BBC News, 27 October 2004
Matthew Tempest, "Kilroy resigns Ukip whip" Guardian online, 27 October 2004 - ^ "Kilroy-Silk quits 'shameful' UKIP", BBC News, 21 January 2005
- ^ Martin Hoscik, "UKIP on the London Assembly? What Farage and the Politics Show didn't say…", MayorWatch, 23 March 2011
- ^ a b The Electoral Commission, Election 2005: constituencies, candidates and results, page 8, March 2006
- ^ "Result: Boston & Skegness". BBC News.
- ^ Coates, Sam (29 March 2009). "Tory donor Stuart Wheeler faces expulsion over UKIP support". The Times (London). Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "UK | Tory party to expel donor Wheeler". BBC News. 29 March 2009. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
- ^ "European Elections 2009, UK results". BBC. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ^ "Farage to stand against Speaker". London: BBC News. 3 September 2009.
- ^ "Lord Pearson elected leader of UK Independence Party". BBC. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ^ "Tories fear Ukip could cause as much harm as SDP did to Labour". The Guardian. 1 March 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
- ^ "Nigel Farage injured in plane crash on election day". BBC News. 6 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ "Electoral Commission website". Electoralcommission.org.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
- ^ "BBC NEWS – Election 2010". BBC News. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
- ^ "Lord Tebbit challenges backing for Speaker John Bercow". BBC. 7 March 2010. Retrieved 26 September 2013.
- ^ Electoral Commission, 2010 UK general election results: Buckingham
- ^ Emily Andres & Andy Dolan, "Speaker John Bercow holds off challenge from UKIP's Nigel Farage who remains in hospital after election day plane crash", Daily Mail, 7 May 2010
- ^ Wells, Anthony. "TORRIDGE AND WEST DEVON". UK Polling Report. Retrieved 26 September 2013.
- ^ "2010 General Election Results". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 26 September 2013.
- ^ Gabbatt, Adam (17 August 2010). "Lord Pearson stands down as Ukip leader because he is 'not much good'". The Guardian (London).
- ^ "Nigel Farage re-elected to lead UK Independence Party". BBC. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ^ "Nigel Farage returns as Ukip leader". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ^ Barnett, Ruth (5 November 2010). "Nigel Farage Re-Elected UKIP Party Leader". Sky News Online. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ "Lib Dems slump to sixth as Labour win Barnsley poll". BBC. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ^ "Labour celebrate victory in Oldham East by-election". BBC. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ^ "We can become third biggest British party, claims UKIP leader after Lib Dems' Barnsley by-election bashing". Daily Mail (London). 5 March 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
- ^ http://www.broadcastersliaisongroup.org.uk/criteria_may2011.html
- ^ "English local elections: UKIP hopes to make gains". BBC News. 26 April 2011.
- ^ "Call for UKIP's Nigel Farage to resign as double act turns sour". BBC News. 10 May 2011.
- ^ "McNarry joining UKIP after UUP departure". U.tv. 4 October 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- ^ Aylesburyvaledc.gov.uk Aylesbury Vale District Council
- ^ "Election 2010:Buckingham". BBC News. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- ^ See Opinion polling for the next United Kingdom general election for detail, including a list of every opinion poll carried out in 2012.
- ^ a b c "Local election 2013: Ken Clarke brands UKIP 'clowns'". BBC News. 28 April 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
- ^ Kevin Schofield (27 April 2013). "Fury at UKIP 'fruit loops' being fielded at council elections". The Sun. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
- ^ "Crowborough UKIP election candidate in holocaust storm". The Argus. 25 April 2013. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- ^ Duffin, Claire (5 March 2013). "Ukip candidate: 'PE prevents people becoming gay'". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
- ^ Hall, Melanie (30 April 2013). "Ukip candidate suspended over Nazi salute". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- ^ "Local Council Elections: UKIP Make Big Gains". Sky News. 4 May 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- ^ "Ukip surge in polls unprecedented since creation of the SDP in 1981". The Guardian. 13 May 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
- ^ Clark, Tom (11 June 2013). "Ukip support falls back but main parties remain weak on economy". The Guardian (London: GMG). ISSN 0261-3077. OCLC 60623878. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ Rentoul, John (15 June 2013). "ComRes Poll: Boris Beckons". The Independent. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ Twitter / tobyhelm: Labour 36 (-1), Tories 27(+1). Twitter.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
- ^ SNP's Mark McDonald wins Aberdeen Donside by-election www.bbc.co.uk, accessed 21 June 2013
- ^ a b [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ "Ukip 'wiped out' north of the Border after its Scots leader is sacked". 1 December 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
- ^ a b c "Ukip at war in Scotland". 17 November 2013.
- ^ "Nigel Farage forced to flee Edinburgh's Royal Mile". The Scotsman (Edinburgh). 16 May 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
- ^ "Farage swarmed by angry protesters in Edinburgh". BBC News. 16 May 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
- ^ Carrell, Severin (16 May 2013). "Nigel Farage flees barrage of abuse from Edinburgh protesters". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 18 May 2013.
- ^ "Protest over UKIP leader Nigel Farage's BBC Question Time appearance". 13 June 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ [3][dead link]
- ^ "Would Euro pact give Jim Allister a fighting chance?". BelfastTelegraph.co.uk. 2012-11-23. Retrieved 2013-06-12.
- ^ "UKIP launch on The Rock". The Olive Press, 30 April 2013
- ^ James Chapman, "Give Falklands and Gibraltar their own MP, says Farage: UKIP leader says territories' voices are dangerously 'muted'", Mail Online, 21 May 2013
- ^ Underwood, Simon (6 September 2010). "UKIP's Political Strategy: Opportunistic Idealism in a Fragmented Political Arena". University Association for Contemporary European Studies Annual Conference. Bruges, Belgium. Retrieved 26 October 2010.
- ^ Goodwin, Matthew (29 April 2013). "Ukip will deliver a sting – but not this year". theguardian.com. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
- ^ Will Woodward, "UKIP trebles candidates for local elections", The Guardian, 11 April 2007
- ^ "Ukip: seriously unserious". The Guardian. 26 November 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
- ^ Watson, Nick (5 October 2006). "West Midlands: On the Coleshill trail". The Politics Show (British Broadcasting Corporation). Retrieved 25 June 2008.
- ^ [4][dead link]
- ^ a b c "Local elections: What does UKIP stand for?". BBC. 3. Retrieved 10 May 2013.
- ^ "A £120bn black hole behind the UKIP dream for a better Britain". The Times. 29 April 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
- ^ a b Health. UK Independence Party. Retrieved: 24 May 2013.
- ^ "Local elections: What does UKIP stand for?". BBC. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
- ^ White, Michael. "UKIP and the NHS". Health Service Journal. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
- ^ "Nigel Farage on trade, National Insurance and expenses". Bbc.co.uk. 5 November 2012-. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
- ^ "The Commonwealth: Our alternative future by Paul Nuttall". Ukipnw.co.uk. 18 July 2010-. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
- ^ "UKIP Manifesto Empowering the people". Retrieved 10 May 2013.
- ^ Booth, Robert. "What would a Ukip Britain look like?". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
- ^ a b c "Immigration". UKIP. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
- ^ a b c Wintour, Patrick (3 May 2013). "Ukip confirms immigration policy is 'under review'". The Guardian (London: GMG). ISSN 0261-3077. OCLC 60623878. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ Olad, Awale. "UKIP has an advantage that is not based on concrete policy proposals". Migrants Right Network. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
- ^ Roberts, Scott. "UKIP 'not against gay adoption' says London chairman". PinkNews.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-05-03.
- ^ a b Gray, Louise (25 February 2010). "UKIP would ban Al Gore film in schools". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ a b c Ward, Bob (4 March 2013). "Ukip's energy and climate policies under the spotlight". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "NEC". Ukip.org. Retrieved 2013-06-12.
- ^ "UKIP NEC". UKIP. 22 January 2013.
- ^ "Conservative peers defect to UKIP". BBC News. 2007-01-09. Retrieved 2013-05-03.
- ^ "Former Conservative peer Lord Stevens to join UK Independence Party". Bbc.co.uk. 2012-09-18. Retrieved 2013-05-03.
- ^ [5][dead link]
- ^ "Scottish election: UKIP calls for abolition of MSPs". Bbc.co.uk. 2011-04-04. Retrieved 2013-05-03.
- ^ "UKIP Polling at 12%". UKIP Wales. Retrieved 2013-05-03.
- ^ "UKIP forms new Eurosceptic group". BBC News (BBC). 1 July 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
- ^ "Trevor Colman". European Parliament.
- ^ BBC News - Vote 2012 - English Council Results
- ^ BBC News - Vote 2012 - Welsh Council Results
- ^ BBC News - Vote 2012 - Scottish Council Results
- ^ "Vote 2013". Bbc.co.uk. 2013-06-03. Retrieved 2013-06-12.
- ^ "UKIP makes history by taking its first council". Daily Mail (London). 15 May 2011.
- ^ a b "Rebel Euro MP Nikki Sinclaire expelled by UKIP". BBC News Online. Retrieved February 23, 2013.
- ^ "Nikki Sinclaire wins UKIP sex discrimination case". BBC News Online. Retrieved February 23, 2013.
- ^ a b c "UKIP MEP Marta Andreasen defects to Conservatives". BBC News Online. Retrieved February 23, 2013.
- ^ Booth, Jenny (20 July 2004). "UKIP man champions a woman's right to clean fridges". London: TimesOnline.
- ^ "UKIP Man in Brussels faces harassment claim after trying to quash his sexist reputation". The Independent. 3 October 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
- ^ "Harrassment case MEP brings debate to Bowtell". Varsity (Cambridge University student newspaper). 22 October 2004. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
- ^ [6]
- ^ "UKIP MEP Campbell Bannerman defects to Conservatives". BBC News (BBC). 24 May 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ^ Barrett, Matthew (12 October 2011). "Roger Helmer MEP to resign from the European Parliament". ConservativeHome.
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- ^ "UKIP MEP Marta Andreasen defects to Conservatives". BBC News. 22 February 2013.
- ^ "Call for UKIP's Nigel Farage to resign as double act turns sour". BBC News. 10 May 2011.
- ^ Mike Nattrass, "West Midlands MEP 'failed' selection for UKIP", BBC News, (27 August 2013). Retrieved on 7 September 2013.
- ^ "Godfrey Bloom quits as UKIP MEP after 'sluts' joke row", BBC News, 24 September 2013
- ^ Ford, Robert; Goodwin, Matthew J.; Cutts, David (May 2011). "Strategic Eurosceptics and Polite Xenophobes: Support for the UK Independence Party (UKIP) in the 2009 European Parliament Elections". European Journal of Political Research 51 (2): 204. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2011.01994.x. Retrieved 18 November 2011
- ^ Whitaker, Richard; Lynch, Philip (2011). "Explaining Support for the UK Independence Party at the 2009 European Parliament Elections". Journal of Elections, Public Opinion & Parties 21 (Volume 21, Issue 3): 359. doi:10.1080/17457289.2011.588439. Retrieved 18 April 2013
- ^ Lynch, Philip; Richard Whitaker, Gemma Loomes (2012). "The UK Independence Party: Understanding a Niche Party's Strategy, Candidates and Supporters". Parliamentary Affairs 65 (5): 733–757. doi:10.1093/pa/gsr042. Retrieved 10 May 2013.
- ^ Skakespeare, Stephan (2013-05-03). "Farage fans display a devotion that no other leader can inspire". The Times. p. 4.
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- ^ "Renamed or Deregistered Parties". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 12 June 2011.
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- ^ http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2013/sep/08/ukip-founder-new-leftwing-anti-eu-party
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to UK Independence Party. |
- United Kingdom Independence Party
- Conservative parties in the United Kingdom
- Eurosceptic parties in the United Kingdom
- Libertarian parties in the United Kingdom
- Nationalist parties in the United Kingdom
- Political parties established in 1993
- Right-wing populism
- 1993 establishments in the United Kingdom
- Organisations based in Devon


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5/16/2011: Violence Bursts Out Again as Christians Protest in Egypt - Christian Post |
By Nathan Black http://www.christianpost.com/news/violence-erupts-again-as-christians-protest-in-egypt-50257/
This year, for the first time, Egypt was named as a country of particular concern – a label given to the world's worst violators of religious freedom – by the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom. The U.S. body called out Egypt for "systemic, ongoing, egregious violations of religious freedom" and cited the January extremist bombing of a Coptic church that killed 23 people. Tags: |


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Rights, Not Riots: What Seattle's May Day Was Really All About
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- Before joining the Department of Labor, Mary Beth Maxwell was a top organizer for the workers' rights organization Jobs With Justice. Here, she speaks with Amy Dean about the lives of workers who make minimum wage and why the time has come to raise it.
Look out Monsanto: The Global Food Movement Is Rising
by Daniel Mossposted Apr 10, 2013
- The book Harvesting Justice isn't just a look at the world's most exciting food justice groups—it's also a knockout organizing tool.
Why Jewish, Muslim, and Hindu Leaders Have High Hopes for Pope Francis
by Chris Francisposted Apr 09, 2013
- Leaders from many faiths are expecting better relations with the Vatican under Pope Francis. Here YES! speaks to some of them about why that is.
Florida Farmworkers March 200 Miles for a Fairer Tomato
by YES! online staffposted Apr 03, 2013
- After marching halfway across the state of Florida, members of the Immokalee Coalition of Farmworkers got fired up at a rally in front of Publix headquarters in Lakeland, Fla. Here's some of what they had to say.
Arab Spring Breakers: 50,000 Gather in Tunisia to Plan People-Powered Economy
by Signe Predmoreposted Apr 01, 2013
- Tens of thousands of people from around the world gathered in Tunisia last week to talk about creating a fairer world. Here are some of the hottest topics from the panels in Tunis.
Live from Denver: The Fight for a Stronger Media
posted Apr 01, 2013
- A contingent from YES! is in Denver this week for the National Conference for Media Reform, where we'll be hosting a panel on solutions journalism. Check out the conference's livestream here.
Donald Trump Picks the Wrong Scottish Farmers to Brawl With
by Chris Francisposted Mar 29, 2013
- When Donald Trump tried to develop a stretch of pristine Scottish seaside into a golf course, the feisty local community pushed back. A new documentary film tells the story.
The Supreme Court on DOMA and Prop 8: What You Need to Know
by Warren Richeyposted Mar 28, 2013
- This week, the Supreme Court deliberates on whether to overturn the Defense of Marriage Act and California's Proposition 8. Forty-three years of precedent will play a key role in their decisions.
After Police Shooting of Teenager, A Brooklyn Neighborhood Dreams of Justice
by Kristin Moeposted Mar 27, 2013
- On March 9, two NYPD officers in plain clothes shot and killed 16-year-old Kimani Gray. At the marches and nightly vigils held in his memory, people are demanding a different kind of police department.
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ANN ARBOR, Michigan - The Michigan Municipal League has won two international "MarCom Awards" (Marketing & Communications) from the Association of Marketing and Communication Professionals. The MarCom Awards is an international creative competition that recognizes outstanding achievement by marketing and communication professionals. The competition is believed to be the largest of its kind in the world and this year there were more than 6,000 entries submitted in multiple categories. The League was a "Gold Winner" for the cover of the May/June 2010 issue of the Review magazine. This magazine cover recreated the famous "Abbey Road" album cover by the Beatles and our version included officials from the City of Brighton strolling along a striped crosswalk in downtown Brighton. The League also received an "Honorable Mention" MarCom Award in the radio show category for our Prosperity Agenda radio show that airs on the fourth Wednesday of each month on News/Talk 760 WJR. The Review magazine and Prosperity Agenda radio show are two key parts of the League's effort to communicate to a broad audience about the importance of placemaking, which is indentified in the League's Center for 21st Century initiative. Just what is place and placemaking - read more here.
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A "Happy Birthday Steve" Open Thread!
Hey everybody, today is our own Steven Foley's birthday. He turns thirty seven years old today. Everyone, be sure to wish him a Happy Birthday. Steve, here is a classic video just for you. I know that I used this same video last year in your "Happy Birthday Open Thread", but I've decided that it should become a yearly tradition for your birthday. I hope | Read More »


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CARSON - Poly High was not supposed to be playing for a state championship in football this year. Heck, the Jackrabbits were not even expected to do well in the Southern Section playoffs after a miserable 1-3 start.
But Poly won the Pac-5 Division title, the Southern California regional and on Friday did square off with Northern California champion Granite Bay in the Division I state title game at Home Depot Center.
The Jackrabbits lost in their only other state-title game four years ago, so they were hopeful of a different result.
They did not get it.
Granite Bay came from behind and scored a late touchdown for a 21-20 victory over Poly before about 8,000 on a cold, rainy night.
Many in attendance were heartbroken Poly fans.
Eban Jackson II threw a 28-yard touchdown pass to John "JuJu" Smith with 11 seconds left in the third quarter and Manusamoa Lu'uga scored from 10 yards out with 3:47 left in the game to give Poly a 20-14 lead. But the extra point was missed by Adam Daniels, and when John Cooley scored on a four-yard run and Colin Brown made the extra point with 1:12 to play, Granite Bay had enough to come away with the victory.
After the final gun, which came seconds after Aaron Knapp intercepted a long desperation pass by Jackson, Granite Bay celebrated in grand style.
Lu'uga, who rushed for 104 yards and on 14 carries, was bummed, to be sure, as he stood in the field with drops of rain falling on him.
"It hurts," he said. "I mean, from 1-3 to winning the Pac-5 to making it to state, with everybody doubting us saying we weren't supposed to be here; it's tough."
Five interceptions - two each by Tai Tiedemann and Jackson (6 of 10, 141 yards, 2 TDs) and one by Lu'uga out of the Wildcat formation - hurt the Jackrabbits. That they still had a chance to win despite that is a credit to them. Poly coach Raul Lara wasn't thrilled with the loss, but he was philosophical about it.
"I think right now, they might be hurting for a couple of days," he said of his players, "but for me, I'm usually like, 'Dang,' with a loss. But our kids fought. Some kids stepped up, some kids didn't play well. But that's how it goes, that's high school football.
"For me, I am satisfied. I'm proud of my kids. Remember guys, we weren't supposed to be here."
Granite Bay quarterback Grant Caraway engineered the game-winning drive. He completed 11 of 23 for 118 yards, no touchdowns and no interceptions. His 33-yard completion to Taft Partridge for a first down at the Poly 27-yard line was big.
He was more than a bit stoked afterward.
"This is a huge win for our team and for our program as a whole," he said. "We knew we could do it. It was just a matter of coming down here and executing and playing like we knew we could."
Poly (12-4) led 7-3 at halftime, then saw Granite Bay score 11 consecutive points on a 37-yard field goal by Brown and a 29-yard interception return by Dylan Keeney off a Tiedemann pass that was delivered short on an out pattern; the Grizzlies (13-3) were successful on the 2-point conversion run to make it 14-7.
It was Tiedemann's second interception of the game, and he was replaced by Jackson on the next Poly possession, which started at the Jackrabbits' 18-yard line.
Jackson led Poly downfield and eventually completed an 82-yard drive with a beautifully thrown 28-yard touchdown pass to Smith, who had only recently gotten back in the game after suffering what appeared to be a shoulder injury in the second quarter.
Granite Bay actually had the best chance to score first. After taking on downs at their 47-yard line following a failed fourth-down play by Poly, the Grizzlies got a couple of first downs and found themselves at the Jackrabbits' 21.
After a 3-yard run by Tony Ellison gave Granite Bay a second-and-7 at the 18, Jayon Brown took the air out of the drive with a sack of quarterback Grant Caraway. The 6-yard loss made it third-and-13 and then Caraway threw an incomplete pass.
Up stepped Colin Brown, who was well short on a 42-yard field goal attempt at 5:32 of the first quarter.
Poly then went three-and-out, as did the Grizzlies. The Jackrabbits next took the ball at the Grizzlies' 45-yard line.
Lu'uga ran for six yards to the 39 as a prelude to a thrilling play by Poly.
What appeared to be a double reverse turned into a flea-flicker play when Jackson had the ball pitched back to him. Retreating from pressure, Jackson threw off his heels down the right side, where he found Gerard Wicks for a 39-yard touchdown play and a 7-0 Poly lead with 1:15 to play in the quarter.
Not quite midway through the second quarter, Ellison fumbled the ball away, the Jackrabbits' Iman Marshall recovering at the Poly 29 to thwart that drive.
However, not long after, Lu'uga threw up a floater out of the Wildcat formation that was intercepted by Granite Bay's Dylan Keeney at the Poly 42.
The Grizzlies were not able to take full advantage, but Brown lined up for another 42-yard field goal attempt and this time he made it easily to get his team within 7-3 at the 3:44 mark of the second quarter.
Tiedemann threw an interception to Granite Bay's Luke Bussey on the Jackrabbits' ensuing possession. The Grizzlies were in business at the Poly 37, but came away with no points when Caraway threw an incomplete pass on fourth down at the 29.
The respective defenses were in charge in the first half. Granite Bay had just 98 total yards, Poly 104.


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Lullaby Garden Hostel
Real Reviews
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These are trusted reviews from guests who have actually stayed here. We hope you find them helpful.
Note: we only give a property a rating once it has received a minimum of 3 reviews.
- Page:1/1
- " I had a nice stay here, the staff was generally really cool. One of them even made us sangria and some apps one night! Location is pretty good too, walking distance to La Sagrada Familia and close to many metro lines. The rooms are pretty underwhelming but no one is coming to Barcelona to stay in their room the whole time anyways. Coulda used more outlets, only 2 or 3 in the 8 person dorm I had. "
- 19 Apr 2013 Adam USA


text: I have RED ONE locked to SD744t, press the record button on the recorder first then the camera. When I bring the QT proxies into FCP the time code is the time that the footage was recorded. Where is the time code? What setting am I doing wrong? OR does QT proxies not display time code on build 16.


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so you just need to get away my wife my dog and myself had a few nights to relax never stayed in a b+b as luck would have it i was talking to a client and he told me about the woodbine he and his wife spent some time there and it seemed like the perfect fit after a brief... More
- Also Known As:
- The Woodbine Hotel Palenville
- The Woodbine Hotel
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Beautifully renovated 1850s Historic Inn, 4 private suites with their own sitting rooms, luxury linens and full baths. Book by suite or take advantage of our Whole Inn Rentals, a stylish solution for group getaways, the entire Inn with all 4 suites, all to yourselves. Fabulous amenities include state-of-the-art kitchen stocked with all your culinary and dining needs, stylish dining and living rooms, 65 inch TV and handsome Mahogany lounge and ballroom. Dogs welcome. ... more less


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Ålesund boasts one of Europe's most distinctive collection of Art Nouveau buildings, as well as 10 hotels and conference capacity for 800 delegates.
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The next two scheduled voyages on Carnival Triumph, scheduled for Monday and Saturday, were canceled. Guests booked on those voyages will receive a full refund, reimbursement for non-refundable travel expenses and a 25 percent discount on a future three- or five-day cruise.
"Twenty of us came down here as a family to go on a cruise," said Angelle, who was supposed to be on Monday's voyage. "A lot of us cried because this was a once in a lifetime thing."
Passengers on recent voyages said the ship had propulsion problems then, too.
"They knew about it way in advance," said Mindy Dlouhy, who was on Triumph from Jan. 28 to Feb. 2. "I don't know why they just kept putting people on the ship."
Dlouhy took photos of a truck delivering spare ship parts when Triumph docked in Progresso.
Heidi Hill was on the ship on the voyage before Dlouhy's. She said Triumph had be tugged to Cozumel.
"Now people are stuck out there in horrible conditions," Hill said. "It all could have been prevented."
Carnival said Monday that the previous problems were not related to the fire.
"Carnival Triumph previously experienced an electrical issue with one of the ship's alternators," a statement from the company read. "Repairs were conducted by the alternator supplier and were fully completed on February 2. There is no evidence at this time of any relationship between this previous issue and the fire that occurred on Feb. 10."
KPRC Investigates discovered Carnival Triumph had one other mechanical failure back in 2010.
Concerned family and loved ones of guests and crew may call 888-290-5095 or 305-406-5534.


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Or more like this:
But this weekend. It's time to organize the closet. How about you? What chores do you have on your list this weekend? Are you still in winter-wear or are you trying to dress of this reticent spring?
Artful dreams, inspired life
My closet does look more like number 2, the wicked stepsister that it is BUT the good news is that when I move I do hope to start "anew"...yes kind of like when you get that brand new car and declare your mantra of absolutely no food, no drinks and this car will remain perfectly clean forever and ever. NOT. Then the kids get a hold of it and 2 weeks later you find chicken nuggets and gummy bears between the seats..well hopefully I will do better with my closet, but I do INTEND to have a beautiful and orderly closet and I think the key is when I move...to throw away A LOT that I have been hanging onto (why I have no idea) Sorry for rambling..clearly you hit a sensitive subject wtih me...lol!


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{On the Spur of the Unfathomable by Claudia Luthi} 1
- May 21st, 2011
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Founder of aamora, Aaron Schwartz, is a photographer, actor, lawyer, writer, and flaneur based in Toronto. View more of Aaron's work at his website, on JPG Magazine, or on aamora.
Aaron Schwartz


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Haig 4-H club horse meets Wednesdays, 6 to 8 p.m.
The Kimball grief education support meeting meets Thursday, (3rd) 7:30 p.m., at the Prairie Haven Hospice office located at 231 South Chestnut in Kimball. The public is welcome to attend. Please call Prairie Haven Hospice at (877) 699-7794 for more information.
TOPS WY #45 meets every Thursday at the Senior Friendship Center. Weigh-ins begin at 8 a.m. Meeting begins at 9 a.m. Information: (307) 532-7470 or (800) 932-8677.
American Legion Travis Snow Post 5 meets Tuesdays, 7 p.m., at the post home in Torrington, Wyo.
Boy Scout Troop No. 26 meets Mondays, 7 p.m., in the First Wyoming United Presbyterian Church, 2972 Main St., in Torrington, Wyo.
Chadron Public Library's Children's Library Fall Schedule begins with "Story Hour" by appointment every Monday and Tuesday from 3:30 to 5 p.m. Call (308) 432-0531 to book or for more information.
Minatare Public Library will sponsor coffee/social hour for adults, from 9 to 10 a.m. every Tuesday. Information: 783-1070.
Goshen County Library Pre-school story time is held on Wednesdays from 10:15 to 10:45 a.m.
Overeaters Anonymous meets every Tuesday, 7 p.m. in the Chapel of Community Hospital Care Link. Information: (307) 532-2275 or (307) 532-5730.
Alcoholics Anonymous hold meetings six days a week at Bobby's house, located between A-1 Rental and Wyo-Braska Memorials in Torrington, Wyo. For information and times, call Bud at (307) 532-3376, Joe at (307) 532-2099, or Doug at (307) 532-7603.
The Goshen County Abusers' Re-education Group meets every Thursday, 7 p.m. in the probation and parole office conference room, 1618 E. M St., Torrington, Wyo. This group is for men interested in learning alternatives to violence in their relationships. Information: Larry Oaks at (307) 532-7244.
Wyo-Braska Area of Narcotics Anonymous meets in Scottsbluff, Sidney, Torrington, Wheatland, Cheyenne, and Laramie. (866)-4-NoDope, for meeting locations and schedules or visit the website at www.Wyo-BraskaNA.org.
Pet Therapy Group meets Wednesdays. The "therapy" your pet gives is very much needed and appreciated. Pets must be already socialized and have all necessary vaccinations. For exact dates, times and nursing home/hospital locations, call Linda York at (307) 532-3861.
S.P.E.A.K. O.U.T. (Supporting Parents with Education Advocacy for Kids Outreaching Understanding Training) Sidney is not holding a monthly meeting but will meet with you by calling Cindy Koester, (308) 254-3849.
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Alliance Museum Board meets (3rd) Wednesday, at the museum.
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1-10 of 104 properties for sale found
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22 bedroom character property for sale Upper Packington Road, Ashby-De-La-Zouch, LE65
HMO RENTAL PROPERTIES/MULTI-FACETED BUSINESS Situated in the historic town of Ashby de la Zouch Well established and highly regarded business Well appointed and presented throughout Early viewing essential to fully appreciate Advised annual turnover of £62,000 More details ›
Marketed by Meridian Business Sales Ltd, Bolton. Telephone: 0845 222 0508 Call rates may vary
£995,000Guide Price
Guide Price £995,000
7 bedroom detached house for sale Ashby-De-La-Zouch, Leicestershire
A substantial Georgian residence on the edge of Ashby-de-la-Zouch, offering most impressive accommodation. More details ›
4 bedroom barn conversion for sale Boothorpe Nr Ashby, Ashby-De-La-Zouch, LE65
AN EXCEPTIONAL, GRADE II LISTED 4 BEDROOM BARN CONVERSION ENVELOPED BY LAND ACQUIRED BY THE NATIONAL FOREST AND LANDSCAPED EXTENSIVELY. Enjoying both a stylish and contemporary interior and extending to over 4,500 sq feet. Carefully and thoughtfully renovated, the property offers fabulous open pl... More details ›
£700,000Guide Price
Guide Price £700,000
3 bedroom detached bungalow for sale Nottingham Road, Ashby-de-la-zouch, LE65
OCCUPYING A STUNNING 7.5 ACRE SITE ON THE FRINGE OF ASHBY TOWN CENTRE, THIS MUST BE ARGUABLY ASHBYS 'BEST KEPT SECRET'. A 3 bedroom detached bungalow with 3.5 acre lake, grounds and viewing platform, greenhouses and poly tunnel, offered for sale with numerous commercial possibilities. EER:D... More details ›
5 bedroom barn conversion for sale 2 Mill Farm Lane, Ashby de la Zouch
A STUNNING MILL CONVERSION located on a select gated development with high quality finishing and fittings from MIELE, PORCELONOSA and DE DIETRICH. This individual family home has a stunning metal and glass light tower filling all floors with natural light, a living dining kitchen with quartz... More details ›
£565,000Guide Price
Guide Price £565,000
5 bedroom cottage for sale Ascebi Cottage, Leicester Road, Ashby-De-La-Zouch
An immaculately presented character cottage having been extended and remodelled over the years to create a generous home complete with self contained annexe accommodation and beautifully maintained gardens. More details ›
Marketed by Parker Hall, Barton Under Needwood.Telephone: 01283 332012 Local call rate
£500,000Offers in Region of
Offers in Region of £500,000
5 bedroom detached house for sale 4-6 Leicester Road, Ashby-de-la-zouch, Leicestershire, LE65 1DE
Housenetwork.co.uk are delighted to offer this character 5 bedroom detached family home believed to date back to circa 1750. Many original features have been retained including; ceiling cornicing, picture rails, oak beams and fireplaces. The property also benefits from; central heating, 3 recepti... More details ›
Marketed by House Network , National.Telephone: 01245 762115 Local call rate
5 bedroom house for sale Rawdon Terrace, Ashby De La Zouch, LE65
An imposing Grade ll listed Georgian family home overlooking the Bath Grounds dating from around the 1820's. Extending over four floors the principle accommodation includes; large sitting room; generous living/kitchen; utility/pantry; cloakroom; master bedroom with en-suite; four further bedroom... More details ›
Marketed by Andrew Johnson & Co, Ashby-De-La-Zouch.Telephone: 01530 410930 Local call rate
4 bedroom barn conversion for sale Mill Farm Lane, Ashby-De-La-Zouch, Leicestershire LE65 1GR
Formerly farm buildings and the local steam laundry in days gone by, HUNTER'S LODGE has recently been tastefully and sympathetically renovated to a high specification and converted into substantial family accommodation enjoying extensive informal lawned gardens with a brook and small orchard in an More details ›
Marketed by Newton Fallowell, Ashby-De-La-Zouch, Sales.Telephone: 01530 688014 Local call rate
4 bedroom detached house for sale Park Farm, Ashby de la Zouch, LE65
A WONDERFUL BARN CONVERSION OFFERING A WEALTH OF CHARM AND CHARACTER THROUGHOUT. Offering a versatile interior with living kitchen, dining room, lounge, study, snug/bed5, galleried landing, four bedrooms, master with ensuite, family bathroom, attractive gardens, double garage and open views over ... More details ›


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The Serial is an Indian soap opera based on the real life of Indian TV Actors. But I want to know how much of the show is real? I mean are there any non celebrity character that is also played by the same person? And how much real is the show?
Tell me more
Movies & TV Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for movie and tv enthusiasts. It's 100% free, no registration required.
It's based on the real lives of the actors and get recreated. So they cast come actors to play real people, like Raj's ex girlfriend was Swati Semwal played by Peehu . | |||||


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WCY,HYS,YD,OYF,HQG,XYS,MRB,JMZ took them about 60-90 years without lucky encounters.
If XF doesn't learn fast at 30, no one does.
Gwok Jing/Guo Jing
Yeung Gor/Yang Guo
Not Sure
WCY,HYS,YD,OYF,HQG,XYS,MRB,JMZ took them about 60-90 years without lucky encounters.
If XF doesn't learn fast at 30, no one does.
Qiao Feng had the advantage of being taught by a premier master from a premier martial arts school at an early age. Of the Condor heroes (we don't know the backgrounds of the Greats), only Zhang Wuji had such an advantage. And even then, it was for a far shorter period than Qiao Feng.
If we're talking about advantages, Xiao Feng seemed to make his name with regular (relatively speaking) Shaolin martial arts before he learned Dragon Palms, which in DGSD was merely a top tier skill with many competitors.
The other protagonists like Wuji, Yang Guo, Guo Jing, Linghu Chong etc all only became the best after they learned the best skill of their time, with nobody else having access too. Xiao Feng made do with what he had.
I must amend myself. Guo Jing had a premier archery teacher from an ethnic group that depended heavily on archery and he certainly excelled in archery.
And it would make sense that Qiao Feng didn't learn elite martial arts at the beginning. You always start with basics and then move to more elite skills. Zhang Wuji only got to learn, I think, 9 Yang Gong because his life depended on it.
While Guo Jing was very lucky to have good teachers at a later age, both Yang and Zhang had to figure out and teach themselves their elite skills martial arts (HIS and 9 Yang Shen Gong respectively).
ZWJ doesn't really count since ALL of his powerups were lucky encounters. I can definitely say YG and XF had interesting learning speeds now that I think of it. YG at 4 years of regular training under XLN is pretty impressive when you consider XF's many years of training under top tier teachers.
I don't see Zhang as luckier than Yang. Zhang was lucky to find 9YSG and Yang was lucky to meet the Condor and find DGQB's swords. Ultimately, both had to train for years and years to become proficient and strong.
Come to think of it, considering it took Zhang 5 years to reach Greats level internal energy and it took Yang longer than that (even with snake gallbladders), can HIS really be said to be a better art than 9YSG? In terms of offensiveness it would have to be since 9YSG has no offensiveness at all, but internal building I'd say 9YSG is superior.
ZWJ went from 0 - > great level internal and then got lucky and had a powerup from a bag. On the otherhand, YG had to: train traditionally (for for years), lost an arm and had to train to reach sub-great level, then another six years to reach Great-level internal. Of course all the heroes are lucky in their own way, but honestly, ZWJ is much luckier when it comes to powerups.
HIS isn't an art to train internal energy. I think YG's ocean training method should be around the same level as ZWJ's 5 year 9yang practice being 6 years.
On topic:
I think GJ's internal energy improvement is very overrated within the scope of the novel. Thinking in terms of how fast GJ improves relative to YG, I am of the belief YG would beat GJ.
I agree. It doesn't add up, which happens often in JY's writing. WCY's level is another famous example. I think GJ's case is better though, since we're supposed to use GJ's dumb-but-accomplish-a-lot feat as an inspiration. As often the case with inspirations, if you dig deep you'll find holes.
TC to Ken: "You need to watch the ending of ROCH 83."
I think an interesting subject is Yeluqi. He learnt from great tier ZBT at a very young age until he developed some maturity. Considering how much ZBT loves martial arts, and how much Guo Jing benefited from him can we assume that there was alot of incentive for ZBT putting alot of effort in Yelu? He grew up to be relatively equal to YG. Then later on he was taught the dragon palms, and since he became the leader of the Beggar clan he must have learnt the dog beating stick too.
It's a shame we don't see how he's like at the end of his life. Here we have a character who was trained by a great level person, then passed on top tier martial arts.
As for Xiao Feng being powerful. Come on, there must be atleast hundreds of other characters who've had the same background as him. He rose above them all. As for him learning the dragon palms. I'm under the impression that unlike the other characters, he earned it with how much potential he demonstrated, and on his existing merit. Dragon palms didn't make him powerful, he was taught dragon palms because he is powerful. If anything, with all the suspicion that was regarded him, if he wasn't the best of the best, his teachers would gladly have found someone else to learn their greatest art and satisfy their conscience by having him as a high position beggar member.
All the other characters became great because of their art. They either came across it by luck, and it had no bearings on their potential or they were lucky some powerful person took pity on them and taught them powerful arts to make up for their scrubiness. Xiao Feng was given no favours, he worked for and earned everything he got.
it was said that Yelu Qi, at least as an adult, bored Zhou with his serious attitude, so Zhou avoided him whenever possible. It's possible his childhood personality was more akin to Zhou's liking such that Zhou gave him more attention.
What we do know is that he was the last person to master all 18 Dragon Palms, so he should have reached a higher level than Shi Huolong. That's about as much as we can say for sure.It's a shame we don't see how he's like at the end of his life. Here we have a character who was trained by a great level person, then passed on top tier martial arts.
TC to Ken: "You need to watch the ending of ROCH 83."
Yeah, but that should still give him a few good years, say more years than the time between GJ meeting Ma Yu and ZBT. He's the only real character that was trained from a young age by a Great if we should include the 9yin or not. I don't know, I just think that even amongst people that learned from Greats, GJ stands out alot more.
Ouyang Ke was also trained from childhood by a Great. He wasn't that Great. And he probably got more one on one time with his Great than Yelu Qi did with his. Hard work still matters which is probably why Ouyang Feng was going to lock Ouyang Ke up for 5 years to only practice martial arts (that might be just in the adaptation). If Yelu Qi locked himself away for 5 years, maybe he could become a Great.