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Wilson, Woodrow (Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism)
Woodrow Wilson 1856-1924
(Full name Thomas Woodrow Wilson) American politician, educator, historian, biographer, and essayist.
While Wilson is best known for his political career, serving as President during the involvement of the United States in World War I, and for his League of Nations thereafter, his first career was in academics, as a professor of political science and a historian. He wrote and published a considerable body of work both as an educator and a politician, and these writings have become historical documents in their own right, as articulated statements of the political philosophy that Wilson attempted to put into practice.
Biographical Information
Wilson was born in Staunton, Virginia, to the Reverend Dr. Joseph Ruggles and Janet Woodrow Wilson, on December 28, 1856. His parents were both of Scottish descent, his mother having emigrated to America from England. His father served as a chaplain in the army of the Confederacy, and helped organize relief and medical assistance in Georgia during the war. Reverend Wilson turned his First Presbyterian Church in Augusta, Georgia, into a field hospital for wounded Confederate soldiers after the battle of Chickamauga (1863), and turned the yard outside the church into a makeshift prison camp for captured Union men. The Wilsons relocated to Columbia, South Carolina, in 1870, where Reverend Wilson taught at the Presbyterian Theological Seminary, and to Wilmington, North Carolina four years later. Woodrow Wilson emerged from an undistinguished middle-school career to attend Davidson College in North Carolina, but he returned home again after a year owing to ill health. In 1875 he enrolled as a freshman at the College of New Jersey, later to become Princeton University. He took his law degree in 1880 at the University of Virginia, although he spent only a year at the school; ill health compelled him to complete the degree back at his home in Wilmington. After an unproductive year, Wilson gave up his law practice in 1884 to accept a fellowship at Johns Hopkins University, in the Department of History, Politics, and Economics. In 1885, Wilson married Ellen Axson, and took a teaching post at Bryn Mawr. Three years later, dissatisfied with the Dean and maintaining his low opinion of the mental capacities of women, he broke his contract and pursued his career elsewhere, first at Wesleyan College, then, in 1890, at Princeton. There, he was given a high salary, a light work load, and rapidly earned lasting favor among the students and faculty.Wilson suffered a minor stroke in 1896 that paralyzed his right hand for a year. This was the first sign of the circulatory brain disease that would further afflict him in later life. In addition to his full lecture schedule, Wilson was highly active in the historiographic world, holding various offices in the American Historical Association, the American Philosophical Society, the National Institute of Arts and Letters, among others. He wrote voluminously on historical matters, and became a sought-after contributor and author. Between 1887 and 1910 Wilson received eleven honorary degrees. Wilson finally left off scholarly work when he was elected president of Princeton University in 1902. He restructured the school entirely, in an attempt to focus more clearly on academics and eliminate the influence of social clubs and the "old boy" network on campus. His efforts were met with considerable resistance at Princeton, but he took on in the eyes of the public the appearance of a democratic crusader, and in 1910 he was urged to leave office and enter the New Jersey gubinatorial race as the Democratic candidate. As governor, Wilson began an immediate campaign of reform, and his work drew national attention, making New Jersey a model state for progressive politicians. In 1912, he was nominated as the Democratic candidate for President. The Republican vote was split between the established candidate. President Taft, and Theodore Roosevelt running on the "Bull Moose" ticket. As a result, even though he lacked a majority of the public vote, Wilson received the largest margin of electoral votes in American history to that time. During his regime, Wilson worked closely with the Democratic Congress. He was the first President since Thomas Jefferson to address both houses. With the legislature behind him, he passed the Federal Reserve Act, created the Federal Trade Commission, and passed the Clayton Anti-Trust Act. He also segregated the US government for the first time. In foreign policy, Wilson intervened constantly in Latin America, sending troops to Mexico a number of times, once under General Pershing to hunt down Pancho Villa in 1916. This was an election year, and Wilson was narrowly confirmed in his second term, beating Republican Charles E. Hughes by twenty-three electoral votes. Wilson spent the first years of World War I trying to evade direct conflict. When the Lusitania, with 128 American passengers on board, was sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, he extracted promises from the German high command to refrain from attacking American shipping. In early 1917, the Germans rescinded their promises, and Wilson was compelled to declare war on April 6. By entering the war, and by taking the position that all nations were compelled to establish a balance of power in order to keep each other in check, he set the course of subsequent twentieth-century American foreign policy.
When, in 1918, the Germans began to think of suing for peace, they turned to Wilson as an impartial negotiator. With some difficulties and considerable flagging of his popular support at home, Wilson set about brokering the peace. Ultimately, his sole contribution to the hastily cobbled-together treaty of Versailles was the provision for the League of Nations, through which he felt all other problems would be solved. His failure, however, to bring his domestic opponants into the peace process, and the general failure of many Democratic legislators to win reelection that year, caused the treaty to stall in the Senate. Wilson toured the country in support of the treaty and suffered a major stroke in October 1919, from which he never fully recovered and which prevented him from performing any other official duties as President. The treaty was never ratified. Wilson remained an invalid for the rest of his life. After the death of his first wife in 1914, he had married Edith B. Gait, who stayed with him during his illness. Wilson died on February 3, 1924.
Major Works
Wilson's first work was his 1885 thesis, Congressional Government, in which he decries the separation of the executive and legislative branches of government. In imitation of the Confederate constitution, Wilson suggested that cabinet members be guaranteed seats in the Congress, as a way of closing the breach between the two branches. Otherwise, according to Wilson, the President is made too weak, and Congressional committees are able to promote special interests and fragment their account-ability to such an extent that not even a strengthened Speaker of the House could keep Congress united. Congressional Government was Wilson's most popular book, running through three printings in its first year alone. "The Modern Democratic State," an essay composed by Wilson in 1885, but not published until the appearance of The Papers of Woodrow Wilson in 1966, as the chapter entitled "Character of Democracy in the United States," grew out of his more general historical survey of democratic government, which he made preparatory to his Bryn Mawr lectures. Here he begins to address history, taking it as the groundwork for understanding and practicing democracy. Wilson criticized the operation of the United States democracy in "The Study of Administration," which appeared in the July, 1887 issue of Political Science Quarterly. The government, Wilson proclaimed, was inefficient. As a rememdy, Wilson urged reform along the lines of European authoritarian bureauocracies, and municipal reform. The State: Elements of Historical and Practical Politics (1889) was Wilson's second important book, reflecting his broader historical perspective. In it, he takes the then-fashionable evolutionary approach to human political history, and outlines some of the practices of some European governmetns as models to follow in America. As with his first book, The State sold widely, running through a printing a year. In 1893, Wilson published his Civil War history, Division and Reunion, 1829-1889. Despite the dates, the period of Reconstruction is only summarily dealt with in forty-seven pages. Wilson regarded slavery as a necessary evil, taking the paternalistic view of master-slave relations in the south. He ignored the various economic arguments put forward to explain the war at the time, and insisted that the war had been the result of differing political philosophies, federalism vs. states' rights. Wilson upheld the racist views of his time, stating that African-Americans could never become full citizens and that segregation was a wholly appropriate measure for preserving "racial harmony." "On the Writing of History," later collected in Mere Literature (1896) as "The Truth of the Matter" was Wilson's summation of his historiographical philosophy. In this essay he expressed the sentiment that the historian's duty was to interpret history for the common man, attempting to frame events in their original context as if writing as a contemporary. In calling for a new approach, Wilson delineated two different sorts of history, the narration of significant events and the analytical uncovering of "secret forces" at work, and attempted to conceive a marriage of the two. This approach, given a cohesiveness by a single, widely accepted and established point of view among historians, Wilson felt, would make history a moral guideline. Another great popular success for Wilson was his biography of George Washington. It was the wide interest in George Washington that made Wilson a much sought-after author. Harper and Brothers contracted him to write a textbook history of the United States specifically for use in southern schools. This project eventually became A History of the American People (1902). Thereafter, most of his published works were transcribed speeches and short essays.
Critical Reception
As a rule, Wilson's stature among historians and critics took a descending track as his political and popular career developed. Congressional Government was highly praised and awarded one of the first John Marshall prizes at Johns Hopkins. The State appeared on syllabi from Harvard and Johns Hopkins to Cambridge and Bombay. Division and Reunion was attacked by historians for failing to take into account the economic factors that determined the outbreak of the war, but was generally well received by critics. Wilson's biography of Washington, however, was roundly condemned by historians as an uneven work, dwelling on trivial events while major historical moments, such as the surrender at Yorktown, are only briefly noted. Wilson's History of the American People was even less favorably received, with commentators finding the work to be filled with inaccuracies and unresearched passages, and generally characterized by sloppy scholarship. Historians point out the absence of much analytical history, the excessively political focus, and the overly literary quality of the work. Among later commentators, Wilson's scholarly works are read almost exclusively for the insights they provide into his term as President.
Principal Works
Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics (history) 1885; republished as Congressional Government: A Study of the American Constitution, 1914.
"The Study of Administration" (essay) 1887; published in Political Science Quarterly
The State: Elements of Historical and Political Politics(history) 1889
Division and Reunion, 1829-1889 (history) 1893
An Old Master, and Other Political Essays (essays) 1893
Mere Literature, and Other Essays (essays) 1896
George Washington (biography) 1897
When a Man Comes to Himself (history) 1901
A History of the American People (history) 1902
Constitutional Government in the United States (history) 1908
The New Freedom: A Call for the Emancipation of the Generous Energies of a People (essays) 1913
Why We Are At War: Messages to the Congress, January to April, 1917 (speeches) 1917
America and Freedom: Being the Statements of President Wilson on the War (speeches) 1917
President Wilson's State Papers and Addresses (speeches and nonfiction) 1917
President Wilson's Great Speeches, and Other History Making Documents (speeches) 1917
In Our First Year of...
(The entire section is 198 words.)
SOURCE: "Woodrow Wilson at Princeton," in The Shores of Light: A Literary Chronicle of the Twenties and Thirties, Farrar, Straus and Young, Inc., 1952, pp. 298-324.
[Wilson was one of the foremost literary critics in the United States. A prolific writer who also produced poetry, plays, novels, journalistic nonfiction, and historical studies, Wilson was at all times concerned with the social reality that gives human actions, and the products of human actions, context and meaning. In the following essay, originally published November 11, 1927, and revised somewhat for publication in The Shores of Light, he examines Wilson's tenure as president of Princeton University, assessing his personality and intellectual makeup, and draws parallels with some of Wilson's actions as president of the United States.]
The first two volumes of Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters, by Ray Stannard Baker, are now before the public. The first of these deals with Woodrow Wilson's early life up to the time of his going to Princeton as a professor, and the second takes him up to his resignation as president of the University. Mr. Baker has both the vices and the advantages of an official biographer—the vices of a loquacious admiration which cannot refrain from continually exclaiming over the utterances and deeds of his hero instead of allowing them to speak for themselves, and a bias which, from beginning to end,...
(The entire section is 8794 words.)
SOURCE: "Brains Win and Lose Woodrow Wilson," in The Quick and The Dead, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1931, pp. 43-78.
[In the following essay, Bradford presents a biographical and thematic overview of Wilson's life and career, stressing in particular the manifestations and character of Wilson's intellectual bent.]
It would not be just to speak of Wilson as all brains. There was plenty of emotional life also. Yet you feel always that the intellect was the driving, the controlling force, and the defects of brains are as obvious in him as the excellences. For brains can do the greatest things in the world, they can develop ideals, they can build up states and civilizations, but they can also mislead and ruin and shatter an individual who puts a too blind trust in them.
Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born in Staunton, Virginia, in 1856. He came of that Scotch-Irish stock which gave America Andrew and Stonewall Jackson and so many other stubborn workers and fighters. His ancestors were teachers and ministers and the hereditary taint was in his blood, but always he wanted to manage men as well as to instruct them. He did not shine in his early education nor in the attempted practice of law. But when he began to teach at Bryn Mawr, at Wesleyan, and at Princeton, he showed the stuff that was in him. His success as a teacher and his evident energy and initiative made him...
(The entire section is 9412 words.)
SOURCE: "Woodrow Wilson," in The Marcus W. Jernegan Essays in American Historiography, Edited by William T. Hutchinson, The University of Chicago Press, 1937, pp. 102-21.
[In the following essay, Sears examines Wilson's various historical writings and attempts to find the systematic articulation of his main political ideals.]
Woodrow Wilson did not found a school of historical interpretation. In the field of history his writings were not voluminous or especially important. By neither of the two usual measures of a historian's significance—originality of interpretation and productive erudition—did Woodrow Wilson establish a valid claim to a first place among American historians. Yet few would doubt the propriety of including him among [the important historians of the United States]. The explanation is not simple. Nothing that touched Wilson is ever truly simple. He defies analysis as a person, as a politician, or as a statesman. Even in his relatively minor roles of historian, political scientist, and publicist, he did not conform to type. In a word, he was sui generis. But to say this merely begs the question. What was there about him, then, that entitles him to a place among the important historians of the United States?
Even a modest attempt to answer this question must presuppose a basic unity of personality. Wilson the historian can never be divorced entirely from Wilson...
(The entire section is 6312 words.)
SOURCE: "Woodrow Wilson and the Presidency," in Presidential Power and the Constitution, Edited by Richard Loss, Cornell University Press, 1976, pp. 32-53.
[In the following essay, which was originally published in the Virginia Law Review {October 1956), Corwin looks to Wilson's various writings for the origins of the changes he brought to the practice of presidential politics. (Note that material inside braces,{ }, represents the editor's, Richard Loss's, commentary.)]
When Thomas W. Wilson, Princeton '79, found it essential to select a theme for his senior essay—the institution goes back that far, apparently—he chose "Cabinet Government in the United States." The choice was dictated by two circumstances: first, by the fact that he had been reading, especially in Bagehot's misnamed English Constitution, about the British cabinet system and had come to admire it; secondly, by the scars which as a Southerner he bore vicariously from the enormities of Congressional Reconstruction.
It can hardly be claimed that young Wilson's essay was a literary masterpiece. The style is turgid, spasmodic, and the work abounds in repetition. For all that, it was, for so young a man, a notable production, in that it marked an effort to assess government under the Constitution functionally, in contrast to the customary legalistic approach. How good a government are we really...
(The entire section is 8578 words.)
SOURCE: "Woodrow Wilson's Concept of Human Nature," in Midwest Journal of Political Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, May, 1957, pp. 1-19.
[In the following essay, Curti examines Wilson's writings, as well as aspects of his personal life and certain of his actions as a public figure, to determine his views on several humanistic and philosophical issues, including action versus contemplation, ethics and morality, and environment versus heredity, particularly as the latter dichotomy bears on the significance of race in Wilson's concept of "the capacity for self-government."]
One Sunday afternoon, it must have been in 1884, a young man bent on earning a doctorate of philosophy at Johns Hopkins, took a long walk with one of his professors. The professor was G. Stanley Hall, who was introducing to America the new scientific study of human nature in which he had recently been trained in the Leipzig laboratory of Wilhelm Wundt, the father of modern psychology. The young man was Woodrow Wilson, and he was trying to decide whether to make psychology his major interest, or whether to become an historian and political scientist. In the end, he settled for a minor in psychology with G. Stanley Hall, and it was a very minor "minor." He devoted his principal efforts to writing a dissertation on congressional government.
Among the reasons which must have played a part in the decision was Wilson's antipathy...
(The entire section is 6731 words.)
SOURCE: "The Ungenerous Approach to Woodrow Wilson," in The Virginia Quarterly Review, Vol. 44, No. 2, Spring, 1968, pp. 161-81.
[In the following essay, Carleton examines the bases for Wilson's negative reputation among contemporary historians and critics, arguing that in most cases they are unfounded and the products of bias.]
Although the splenetic atmosphere which enveloped Woodrow Wilson in the 1920's and 1930's, the years of post-Versailles disillusionment, has cleared, a grudging approach to the man survives. If we are to place Wilson in discerning historical perspective, we have still to penetrate persisting myopic misconceptions of him and disclose their ramifying sources.
However, before tackling this contemporary problem of complex and broad historical interpretation, let us take a look at some of the venomous distortions from the earlier period. (The recently published Freud-Bullitt book is a relic of that period.) These constitute in themselves an amazing curiosa, remind us how far we have progressed in better understanding Wilson, and shed light on a continuing unfair approach to him.
William Allen White described young Tommy Wilson as a sickly, bespectacled lad, kept out of the rougher sports by adoring parents, not sent to school and not taught his letters until he was nine, coddled by two older sisters, and "bereft of the inalienable rights of...
(The entire section is 6513 words.)
SOURCE: "The Legacy of Woodrow Wilson," in Counting Our Blessings: Reflections on the Future of America, Little, Brown and Company, 1980, pp. 6-22.
[Moynihan has long been a United States senator from New York and has written prolifically on many issues, including noteworthy sociological studies. In the following essay, which was originally published in 1974, he reflects on Wilson's world view and the nature of his foreign policy, arguing that "Wilsonianism" remains a prominent feature of American politics.]
It is more than fifty years since Woodrow Wilson died, but it does not seem that: more like two hundred fifty. We are uncomfortable with Wilson in the twentieth century; he seems more the kind of man who came early radier than late in our national life when of a sudden we were to find that, far from being the youngest of governments, we had become virtually the oldest. Yet few would disagree that Wilson shaped this century as no other American has done. Herbert Hoover in his last book, The Ordeal of Woodrow Wilson (they were very alike, Wilson and Hoover, though Hoover was the more prolific author), put it fairly:
For a moment at the time of the Armistice, Mr. Wilson rose to intellectual domination of most of the civilized world. With his courage and eloquence, he carried a message of hope for the independence of nations, the freedom of men and lasting...
(The entire section is 5702 words.)
SOURCE: "The Crisis of Identity in the Study of Public Administration: Woodrow Wilson," in Polity, Vol. IX, No. 3, Spring, 1977, pp. 321-343.
[In the following essay, Kirwan surveys contemporary public administration theories and, finding many of them unusable and impractical, argues for a return to the ideas Wilson articulated in his writings, specifically the essay "The Study of Administration."]
A re-examination of Woodrow Wilson's "The Study of Administration" requires an explanation. For this essay, which gave birth to public administration as an indepen-dent field of study, is famous for distinguishing administration from politics, a distinction discredited now for over a generation. Dwight Waldo regards it as "a seriously erroneous description of reality and as a deficient, even pernicious, prescription for action." Yet, as the bulk of "public administration-is-suffering-an-identity-crisis" literature testifies, its presence haunts us still. The reason why can be discovered by considering the orientation which allegedly replaced it, allowing us to confront the true nature of the identity crisis and to see the relevance of re-examining Woodrow Wilson.
The "old" public administration launched by Wilson, given comprehensive statement by Frank Goodnow, developed under the impetus of the scientific management movement ("Taylorism"), and cultivated by Leonard D. White and W. F....
(The entire section is 8356 words.)
SOURCE: "Woodrow Wilson: The Academic Man," in The Virginia Quarterly Review, Vol. 58, No. 1, Winter, 1982, pp. 38-53.
[In the following essay, Cooper reassesses Wilson's tenure as an academic, viewing this time not so much as the mere nascency of his political career—as most commentators have—and more as an independently successful and influential vocation.]
No academic career in American history, possibly in all history, has attracted as much attention as Woodrow Wilson's. Two reasons account for such extensive interest. First, during 25 years as a professor, writer about politics and history, and president of Princeton University, Wilson became the leading academic political scientist of his time and left his mark on the development of American higher education. Second and more important, Wilson's academic career served as preparation for his entrance into politics in 1910, which led swiftly to the governorship of New Jersey and the presidency of the United States. Yet those reasons for such extensive interest have distorted views of Wilson's academic years. Assessments of his significance to higher education have tended to cast his university leadership in a misleading light and to overlook its major thrust. The overweening concern with his political preparation has occasioned jerking his writings and opinions as a political scientist out of context, while his earlier life,...
(The entire section is 4977 words.)
SOURCE: "Alternative Psychologial Interpretations of Woodrow Wilson," in Mid-America: An Historical Review, Vol. 65, No. 2, April-July, 1983, pp. 71-85.
[In the following essay, Lewis assesses various psychological interpretations of Wilson's life and career and argues that one should not assume policy necessarily follows from personality.]
Any serious examination of Woodrow Wilson's career must take into account his personality and his motivations—what Churchill described as "this man's mind and spirit." The historian who looks to academic psychology for help soon discovers that the field is divided into many schools of thought, and that the psychohistorical/ psychobiographical interpretations of Wilson naturally reflect this theoretical pluralism. In choosing among the alternative interpretations, the historian must look at the logical and empirical evidence in defense of the alternative theories of psychology, and one must also consider the relative coherence of the theories when applied to the historical facts of Wilson's psyche. Using this method to examine the relevant literature, I have arrived at three conclusions: (1) that the deductive application of Freudian or neo-Freudian psychoanalysis tends toward reductionist and simplistic interpretations; (2) that in the more conventional historiography which is not based on the explicit use of academic psychology, one often finds a psychological...
(The entire section is 6101 words.)
SOURCE: "Woodrow Wilson and World War I: A Reappraisal," in Journal of American Studies, Vol. 19, No. 3, December, 1985, pp. 325-48.
[In the following essay, Thompson examines Wilson's management of World War I, praising him for his pragmatism.]
Woodrow Wilson was the first American President to leave the Western Hemisphere during his period of office, and, as befitted him, the circumstances in which he did so were neither casual nor frivolous. He went to Europe in late 1918 to take part in the peace conference following a war that the United States had played a crucial part in bringing to a decisive end. His aim was to secure a peace that accorded with the proposals he had set out in his Fourteen Points address of January 1918 and in other speeches—a peace that would be based upon justice and thus secure consent, that would embody liberal principles (the self-determination of peoples as far as practicable, the prohibition of discriminatory trade barriers), and that would be maintained by a new international organization in which the United States, breaking its tradition of isolation, would take part—a league of nations that would provide a general guarantee of "political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike."
The symbolism of this dramatic moment, with the American prophet coming to bring redemption to the Old World, imprinted on the minds of...
(The entire section is 8332 words.)
Further Reading
Buckingham, Peter H. Woodrow Wilson: a Bibliography of His Times and Presidency. Wilmington: Scholarly Resources Inc., 1990, 370 p.
Detailed and lengthy historical evaluation of Wilson, with nine-page chronology. This bibliography is thoroughly annotated and divided into thirteen chapters with introductory essays and numerous sub-headings.
Blum, John M. "Woodrow Wilson: A Study in Intellect." Confluence 5 (1957): pp. 367-75.
Eulogizing assessment of Woodrow Wilson's "deep religious feelings and romantic view of knowledge."
Braeman, John, ed. Wilson. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1972, 186 p.
A series of career-evaluations by various critics.
Canfield, Leon H. The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson: Prelude to a World in Crisis. Rutherford: The Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1966, 299 p.
Traces Wilson's political career from his election to the end of his life.
Daniels, Josephus. The Wilson Era: Years of Peace—1910-1917. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1946, 615 p.
Reminiscences of Wilson's Secretary of the Navy from 1913-1921.
Hoover, Herbert. The Ordeal of Woodrow Wilson. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1958, 318 p.
(The entire section is 648 words.)
Source: Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, ©1998 Gale Cengage. All Rights Reserved. Full copyright.


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1 Pergamon Museum: Collection of Classical Antiquities
Museums and art
Am Kupfergraben 5 D - 10178 Berlin
The Collection of Antiquities on display in the Pergamonmuseum features some quite remarkable archaeological works of art. The most famous of these is the Altar of Pergamon , a masterpiece of Hellenistic art dedicated to Zeus (2C BC), found during..
2 Museum Island
Architecture, castles and historic districts
Pl. splatz D - 10178 Berlin
In the heart of Berlin, the Museum Island was, before the War, one of a group of the greatest groups of museums in the world. In the early 19th C, the north of the Spree island was used as a warehouse by customs. Then Schinkel built the Altes Museum ..
3 Pergamon Museum
Museums and art
Am Kupfergraben 5 D - 10178 Berlin
The building was constructed between 1909 and 1930 from the plans of Alfred Messel and Ludwig Hoffmann . The collections were composed belatedly and quickly, after the birth of the German Empire, in the wake of the great archaeological digs which ..
4 Sony Center
Architecture, castles and historic districts
Potsdamer Str. 4 D - Berlin
The exterior of the Sony Center is dominated by the Bahn Tower, the glass headquarters of Deutsche Bahn, the state railway company. But it's the interior of this glass and steel complex designed by Helmut Jahn which is particularly impressive. The 4 ..
5 Philharmonie
Architecture, castles and historic districts
Herbert-von-Karajan-Str. 1 D - 10785 Berlin
The roof of the building, built by Hans Scharoun (1963), is daringly asymmetric and resembles a huge wave. This is where the musicians of the Berlin Philharmonic perform, conducted between1954 and 1989 by Herbert von Karajan. The orchestra is place..
6 Kulturforum
Architecture, castles and historic districts
Pl. e-Dietrich-Platz D - 10785 Berlin
The Kulturforum, at one time bounded to the north by the Wall, was a remote area. It was named at the end of the 50s, when Hans Scharoun drew up plans for the Philharmonia and the National Library: it was created to be the equivalent of the Museum ..
7 Zoologischer Garten
Industrial tourism and theme park
Pl. bergplatz 8 D - 10787 Berlin
The Berlin Zoo was created at the end of the 18th C, on Peacock Island , where a menagerie and a glasshouse were erected. The zoo contained 850 animals: monkeys, kangaroos, sheep, lama, pigs, eagles. Soon famous, it was opened to the public twice a ..
8 Charlottenburg
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Pl. platz D - 10585 Berlin
The elector Frederick III gave land near the village of Lutzow to his wife Sophie-Charlotte for a summer residence to be built. The Dutch architect Johann Arnold Nering (1659-1695) drew up plans and directed work on this during the five years of co..
9 Egyptian Museum
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Musüeumstraße 70 D - Berlin
Currently split between the Stüler pavilion in Charlottenburg and the Bode Museum on the Museum Island, the collections of Egyptian art should be amalgamated within ten years when the building of the New Museum (Neues Museum) is complete. The Cha..
10 Ethnologisches Museum (Dahlem)
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Lansstr. 8 D - 14195 Berlin
The art rooms of the Prussian Kings already contained several objects from cultures outside Europe but the museum was only founded in 1873. Amongst the 400,000 objects preserved in this ethnographical museum, which is considered as one of the most im..
11 Dahlem Museums - World Art and Culture
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Lansstr. 8 D - 14195 Berlin
The Dahlem Museum of Ethnology houses some 400 000 artefacts, including funerary art, religious and non-religious statuary, jewellery, textiles and figurines depicting the life and customs of pre-Columbian America , Oceania , Southern Asia and ..
12 Art Gallery (Kulturforum)
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Pl. ikirchplatz 23-37 D - Berlin
The collection of Portrait Gallery owes it founding to the common passion of the Great Elector and Frederick the Great. This museum, however, owes its rapid development to Wilhelm von Bode , the director of the gallery from 1890. He multiplied the a..
13 Museum of the GDR, Berlin
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Karl Liebknecht-str. 1 D - Berlin
This unique museum portrays life in the former East Germany. Various aspects of daily existence are explored through a variety of exhibits: consumption and price controls, the difficulty of finding some products, the secret services and their omnipre..
14 Altes Museum
Museums and art
Bodestr. 1-3 D - 10178 Berlin
The idea of a public museum was born, at the turn of the 18th C, of a desire to reform national education. Wilhelm von Humboldt created the first Prussian museum. An additional symbol of the King's power and situated next to the castle, the Cathedr..
15 Alte Nationalgalerie
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Bodestr. 1-3 D - 10178 Berlin
Stimulated by the Frankfurt Parliament of 1848, a group of «artist-patriots» demanded the creation of a national museum for contemporary German art. The gallery was finally built between 1866 and 1876 from plans by Stüler. It contains paintings and s..
16 Zeughaus
Architecture, castles and historic districts
Unter den Linden 2 D - 10117 Berlin
This baroque edifice, without doubt the most beautiful in Berlin, was built between 1688 and 1730 by the great architects: Jean de Bodt, Martin Grünberg and Johann Arnold Nering. In the interior courtyard, one can see the masks of dying warriors by ..
17 Museum of German History
Museums and art
Unter den Linden 2 D - Berlin
Between 1695 and 1706, great architects of the time undertook the construction of the Arsenal, notably Andreas Schlüter, who sculpted the 22 grotesque figures in the inner courtyard. The building now houses the museum of German history: the permanent..
18 Bode-Museum
Museums and art
Monbijou Brücke D - 10117 Berlin
Built in 1904, it occupies a luxurious building designed by Ernst Eberhardt von Uhne . The cupola, decorated with stucco and the staircase are a wonderful setting for the statue of Frederic-William (the original is in Charlotteburg in the castle c..
19 Scheunenviertel
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Oranienburger D - Berlin
The golden cupola of the New Synagogue is the most visible symbol of Scheunenviertel's renaissance. Between Oranienburger Straße and the Hackescher Markt, trendy cafés and restaurants, restored courtyards and backyards, fashion boutiques and art gall..
20 Oranienstraße
Architecture, castles and historic districts
Oranienburgerstraße D - 10117 Berlin
Crumbling façades with walls riddles with bullet holes, covered with graffiti, ancient, deserted streets, Jewish cultural institutions above which the golden dome of the new synagogue appears, cafés, many restaurants, restored courtyards and inner co..

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Origins News Round-up for December 6, 2013
This week's Origins News Roundup features highlights from a recent conference of evangelical theologians, exciting human fossil finds, tell-tale lice, and a few words from the Pope.
The Resource Finder has powerful filtering features — check out the tutorial to learn more.
This week's Origins News Roundup features highlights from a recent conference of evangelical theologians, exciting human fossil finds, tell-tale lice, and a few words from the Pope.
"It's tempting to think that the church needs to decide quickly which of these [original sin] scenarios is right, and which ones must be wrong. I believe the church is better served by taking its time, holding several different scenarios in tension for a while as we think through the implications of each."
Once we recognize that no one takes the text literally, and that we have often failed to account for the details in the text regarding the time of day, we can begin anew to try to understand the text as an ancient text rather than as a modern one. As such, we must begin with the idea that the text operates in the world of omens, not the world of physics and astronomy.
In this series, James Kidder provides an intriguing study on transitional fossils and the evolutionary history of modern humans. He begins by discussing the fossil record, explaining how new forms are classified. He then explains the physically distinguishing trait of humankind—bipedalism. From the discovery of Ardipithecus, the earliest known hominin, to the australopithecines, the most prolific hominin, Kidder focuses on the discovery, the anatomy, and the interpretation of these ancestral remains.
This series, by Old Testament scholar Richard S. Hess, was first published as an appendix to Christian Apologetics: A Comprehensive Case for Biblical Faith (Downers Grove: IVP Academic; Nottingham: Apollos, 2011).
We need to hear stories from others who have wrestled with evolution and Christian faith. What arguments made them change their views on science? How did they hold fast to their relationship with God? The essays in this series will eventually comprise a book, provisionally titled, "Evolving: Evangelicals Reflect on Evolution."
Christian theology asserts that humans are spiritual creatures, a unity of body and spirit or "soul," integrated, not reducible downwards to mere matter or upwards to mere spirit.
... I would exhort these, my fellow conservative evangelical shepherds and thinkers, to set aside all reticence and fear, emerge from anonymity, and storm the forum of discourse, engaging this most pressing matter with vigor, equanimity, and humility. In doing so, know upfront that there will be few handrails to guide; you will not be building upon an extensive precedence of published conservative thought.
Although committed to the principle of sola Scriptura, Calvin recognized that the Bible would have been written in terms its original recipients would have understood. Calvin inherited the medieval cosmology of his time, a way of viewing the world heavily influenced by Greek thought and one which was about to receive shocks from astronomers such as Copernicus and Galileo. But not just yet.
The debate is often not about evidence, but about making sure that others do not transgress our interpretive boundaries and insist that we're wrong. We've bitten from the tree of knowledge and we love its taste.
The Denisovans, an extinct hominid group that interbred with modern humans, made the news again lately with the publication of a more detailed study of their genome. One of the many interesting findings was that the Denisovans share the same chromosome 2 fusion that modern humans have.
The BioLogos Forum is pleased to present this infographic about the current anthropological understanding of human evolution, which takes into account research into both physiological and cultural developments among our ancient ancestors.
This BioLogos videocast addresses the age of recently discovered hominid fossils and how scientists are able to obtain those dates.
Our desire to engage in gracious dialogue with fellow believers who reject biological evolution has been receiving increased attention in both the Christian and secular press. More importantly, we are being joined in this reconciling project by our brothers and sisters in Christ who have often been defined primarily as our "opponents".
This ongoing series written by historian Ted Davis begins with a brief synopsis of his personal background, and then goes on to reveal his passion for debunking "the now-common view that the history of science and Christianity is one of ongoing, inevitable conflict."
While the specific "how" of our being made into the image of God will probably always remain a mystery, the Bible and creeds are clear on the "why" of our creation: we were made to worship the Lord, and be in relation with Him and each other.
N.T. Wright explores the context and manner in which Scripture is authoritative. He does so by questioning the meaning of an authoritative book as well as the application of such authority. Wright encourages us to flee from the controlling "list" mentalities that belittle the richness of God's Word, and rather to understand it as a narrative inspired by God and recorded by ancient persons. Ultimately, God "organizes" his people through his Son Jesus and by the Holy Spirit, and not through extracted rules from the Bible.
In today's video, Rev. Lincoln Harvey discusses our desire to "domesticate" the liveliness and abundance of God. Harvey notes that the Trinity highlights both the manyness and oneness of God, which can be hard to Christians to fully understand.
So, for Driscoll, the choice is a simple dichotomy: Scripture or science. Scripture is the highest court of authority in all matters, and the role of believing scientists is to affirm Scripture. To fail to do so is to "exchange the truths of Scripture for the truths of science".
This blog series by Dennis Venema undertakes the task of clarifying numerous aspects of evolution that often become misconstrued by Christians. He first discusses the idea of speciation in a population over time, later applying it to the speciation process that occurred among hominids (human ancestors) which led to modern humans. He continues to support this idea by exploring so called "Mitochondrial Eve,""Y Chromosome Adam" and other compositional clues of the human genome.


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Bus trip to Sugarbush from Boston (Jan 10)
My friend runs this company so I thought I should share.
Next trip is to Sugarbush in VT from Boston on Sunday, January 10th. Bus leaves from: Dorchester at 5:15am Kenmore Square around 5:30 Woburn around 6:00 Arrive at the mountains around 9:30am Leave mountain sometime between 4:30-5:30 Cost: $75 includes lift ticket and transportation Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com (debbie sent you ) Website (work in progress don't rely on the info) SnowRiders - The Winter Lifestyle Redefined Become a fan! SnowRiders | Facebook |
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Article posted May 7, 2013 at 03:21 PM GMT0 • comment • Reads 3579
Please comment on your child's blog. To comment, open your child's article by clicking on their name and the article name. Then click the comment link at the bottom of the article. Fill in your name, (other info not necessary) type your comment, and then enter the code. Submit your comment and you are done! It will be emailed to me for approval. Thanks!
Students are BLOGGING!
Article posted May 7, 2013 at 03:17 PM GMT0 • comment • Reads 148
Most students have started blogging about the books they have read. Be sure to check them out! Simply click THIRD GRADE over to the right and find your son or daughter's name. Click it and read away!
BLOG now Operational!
Article posted April 11, 2013 at 01:50 PM GMT0 • comment • Reads 757
Now that our test preparations are coming to a close, students will start being trained to write on our class blog! They will be wriitng about the books they are reading. This will commence after testing!
Welcome to Our 2012-2013 Blog!
Article posted September 28, 2012 at 07:49 PM GMT0 • comment (1) • Reads 4151
Soon, students will learn how to compose and submit a blog. Students will be blogging based on the reading series work station assignments. Most times, it will be related to a self-selected text they have read. Thanks for visiting our class blog!
The year is coming to an end!
Article posted May 9, 2012 at 03:26 PM GMT0 • comment • Reads 3306
It's hard to believe the school year is nearing the end. We have completed our NYS testing and will be focusing on finishing up our units. Thanks to all students and families for all of your hard work this year!
Welcome to Our Blog!
Article posted November 14, 2011 at 04:56 PM GMT0 • comment (5) • Reads 4773
We have started our class blog for 2011-2012. We hope you enjoy our letters about the books we are reading in our classroom. We would love for you comment on them too! Thanks!
Mr. Rienbeck's 3rd Grade
Good Luck!
Article posted May 2, 2011 at 04:25 PM GMT0 • comment (2) • Reads 7583
We have worked hard to prepare for our NYS ELA and Math Tests. No matter what the outcome, I am proud of my class!
Reading Podcasts
Article posted February 3, 2011 at 03:42 PM GMT0 • comment (1) • Reads 4679
We have added four more podcasts. The kids have been doing a great job blogging about the books they have read. Please post a comment if you get a chance. Thanks!
Reading Podcasts are here!
Article posted January 10, 2011 at 03:24 PM GMT0 • comment (2) • Reads 2088
Eleven of our students have read a paragraph from their guided reading books. The rest will be posted soon. Click on the Reading Podcasts link to the left to listen to them! Great job kids!
Great Work!
Article posted December 3, 2010 at 05:41 PM GMT0 • comment • Reads 876
I hope you have enjoyed our blogs so far. The kids have been doing a great job! Please send some comments. They enjoy reading them! Thank you very much!
Teacher Assignments
Teacher Entries
Student Entries
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Today's News
Cisco Set To Change Server Game Again With UCS 2.0
The head of Cisco's UCS system business says the company is prepping a UCS 2.0 offering optimized for big data.
China-Based Hacking Group Targets Diplomats, Infiltrates Resellers
Security firm FireEye has uncovered a cyberespionage campaign in which hackers have been spying on high tech and trusted service providers, including individuals at consultancies and resellers.
Holiday Gift Guide: 10 Tablets For Your Techie
There are more tablets this year than ever before. Here's a guide to the coolest and most popular tablets for this holiday season.
New Amazon Portal Lets ISVs Dive Deep Into Marketing Campaigns
Amazon launches portal where ISVs get to tap into heavy-duty marketing analytics to keep track of how customers are buying and selling their cloud apps.
The Most Innovative Products Of The Year
This year's awards for recognizing technology innovation includes Dell, HP, IBM, Lenovo, Microsoft and Verizon among the honorees.
- Partners Hail Dell's Channel Revamp, Declare It A Game Changer
- Ingram Micro President: Expect More Investment In Emerging Technology Opportunities
- Juniper Software Boss Muglia Latest Top Exec To Depart
- Lost Flash Drive At Core Of Kaiser Permanente Data Breach
- Kaseya Launches Secure BYOD Management Platform
Holiday Gift Guide 2013: 25 Hot Ideas For Your Techie
Searching for that perfect gift for your techie this holiday season? Check out these 25 gift ideas sure to make any gadget lover smile.
Get CRN On Your Tablet
Subscribe to the CRN Tech News App for exclusive access to CRN investigative reports, videos and lists, available today in the iTunes App Store or the Windows Store.
The 10 Coolest Smartphones Of 2013, Plus A Bonus One of the coolest smartphones to come out this year wasn't a smartphone at all. Can you guess what it was? |
Top 5 Cybercriminal Motives In 2013 Attacks Cybercriminals demonstrated five reasons why they conducted attacks against consumers and businesses in 2013. Learn what attackers top motives were this year. |
The 10 Coolest Storage Startups Of 2013 While Dell technically qualifies as a storage startup given its move to become a private company, there are a lot of tiny companies just starting to see if there's a place for them in the storage market. |
More Slide Shows |
Apply for Channel Chiefs 2014.
Be alerted for Upcoming Awards and Listings.
Check out the winners and candidates for each category of the 2013 Tech Innovator Awards.
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Robert Faletra Where The Rubber Meets The Road: How To Fix Field Engagement |
Steve Burke |


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1026 Arnaiz Ave, Makati, Manila, Philippines (Show on map)
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Image: Ben Goldacre. Published by Faber and Faber, Inc. © 2013 Ben Goldacre
The Best Science Writing Online 2012
Showcasing more than fifty of the most provocative, original, and significant online essays from 2011, The Best Science Writing Online 2012 will change the way...
Read More »
Excerpt from Bad Pharma: How Drug Companies Mislead Doctors and Harm Patients, by Ben Goldacre. Published by Faber and Faber, Inc. © 2013 Ben Goldacre. Excerpted with permission from the publisher. All Rights Reserved.
Before we get going, we need to establish one thing beyond any doubt: industry-funded trials are more likely to produce a positive, flattering result than independently funded trials. This is our core premise, and you're about to read a very short chapter, because this is one of the most well-documented phenomena in the growing field of "research about research". It has also become much easier to study in recent years, because the rules on declaring industry funding have become a little clearer.
We can begin with some recent work: in 2010, three researchers from Harvard and Toronto found all the trials looking at five major classes of drug—antidepressants, ulcer drugs and so on—then measured two key features: were they positive, and were they funded by industry? They found over five hundred trials in total: 85 per cent of the industry-funded studies were positive, but only 50 per cent of the government funded trials were. That's a very significant difference.
In 2007, researchers looked at every published trial that set out to explore the benefit of a statin. These are cholesterol lowering drugs which reduce your risk of having a heart attack, they are prescribed in very large quantities, and they will loom large in this book. This study found 192 trials in total, either comparing one statin against another, or comparing a statin against a different kind of treatment. Once the researchers controlled for other factors (we'll delve into what this means later), they found that industry-funded trials were twenty times more likely to give results favoring the test drug. Again, that's a very big difference.
We'll do one more. In 2006, researchers looked into every trial of psychiatric drugs in four academic journals over a ten-year period, finding 542 trial outcomes in total. Industry sponsors got favorable outcomes for their own drug 78 per cent of the time, while independently funded trials only gave a positive result in 48 per cent of cases. If you were a competing drug put up against the sponsor's drug in a trial, you were in for a pretty rough ride: you would only win a measly 28 per cent of the time.
These are dismal, frightening results, but they come from individual studies. When there has been lots of research in a field, it's always possible that someone—like me, for example—could cherry-pick the results, and give a partial view. I could, in essence, be doing exactly what I accuse the pharmaceutical industry of doing, and only telling you about the studies that support my case, while hiding the reassuring ones from you.
To guard against this risk, researchers invented the systematic review. We'll explore this in more detail soon, since it's at the core of modern medicine, but in essence a systematic review is simple: instead of just mooching through the research literature, consciously or unconsciously picking out papers here and there that support your pre-existing beliefs, you take a scientific, systematic approach to the very process of looking for scientific evidence, ensuring that your evidence is as complete and representative as possible of all the research that has ever been done.
Systematic reviews are very, very onerous. In 2003, by coincidence, two were published, both looking specifically at the question we're interested in. They took all the studies ever published that looked at whether industry funding is associated with pro-industry results. Each took a slightly different approach to finding research papers, and both found that industry-funded trials were, overall, about four times more likely to report positive results. A further review in 2007 looked at the new studies that had been published in the four years after these two earlier reviews: it found twenty more pieces of work, and all but two showed that industry sponsored trials were more likely to report flattering results.


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Fab U List/ Fall 2010 Must Have
The oh so coveted list is simple, smart, and beyond chic:
Lady luxe is what we are craving.
My fave is Chloe.
Available at Bergdorf Goodman.
It is modern, edgy and easy at the same time flattering on all body types.
My fave is IMAN Global Chic Cape.
Available at HSN.
Collars, chubies even on bags… what a comeback!
My fave anything by Michael Kors.


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On Wednesday, Quiksilver Inc. announced it had won a 6 year trademark battle against Kymsta Corp.
The decision stems from a 2002 lawsuit Quiksilver brought against Kymsta, which makes women's clothing under the Roxywear, Roxywear by Roxanne Heptner and Roxywear by Roxx brands. Quiksilver also sells clothing under the brand name ROXY.
Kymsta has 18 months to phase out its use of Roxywear, Roxywear by Roxanne Heptner and Roxywear by Roxx. Thereafter, it cannot use the marks.


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These napkins were great! Large and able to absorb spills. I do wish they were a little softer but overall they complemented the theme of the party!
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Proximate cause
An actual cause that is also legally sufficient to support liability. Although many actual causes can exist for an injury (e.g., a pregnancy that led to the defendant's birth), the law does not attach liability to all the actors responsible for those causes. The likelihood of calling something a proximate cause increases as the cause becomes more direct and more necessary for the injury to occur.
Definition from Nolo's Plain-English Law Dictionary
Definition provided by Nolo's Plain-English Law Dictionary.
August 19, 2010, 5:22 pm


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Wednesday, October 28, 2009
Home Office
Many people have the luxury of having a seperate home office. A place you can escape to and have your own little room to dream and read blogs of course. In one of our last homes (top photo) I had such a room. I am hoping my next house is going to be big enough that I can convert one of the rooms into a beautiful office or play room as I would call it.
I have a dining table the same as this but never imagined it as an office table.
13 comments:
- Beach Vintage said...
There is something so great about a study/craft room where you can escape or work from. These are very pretty.
- October 28, 2009 at 9:47 AM
- Mary Ellen (megardengal) said...
Having an office space would be such a nice luxury- but, alas I don't have one either. I hope to revamp a large closet as a craft/office space someday!
mary - October 28, 2009 at 10:57 AM
- Linda said...
I escape to my little front bedroom/office, and I can see outside as I type my blog posts or catch up on facebook or email.
I can read in here or watch tv,...take a nap, or have devotions. it is my quiet little space and I love it.
It is filled with some favoite things in an old curio cabinet too. I call it my morningroom,...or my Victorian room.
Good post!
Linda @ Truthful Tidbits - October 28, 2009 at 11:10 AM
- texasdaisey said...
Oooooooo Dreamy!
Debbie - October 28, 2009 at 11:53 AM
- chair up said...
Hi Sandy, at first I thought that second picture was yours and was going to offer to swap my foyer console for that office chair,lol.
I have got to get a lap top. I'm sick of wires everywhere and this big ugly modum box thing!
Still enjoying the rain?
Angex - October 28, 2009 at 11:59 AM
- Tracey said...
Your old office was really beautiful! I don't really have an office either - just a small closet off of the kitchen that we wired and I converted it to my little computer space. A "playroom" would be heaven...let's both dream about it!
:) T - October 28, 2009 at 10:43 PM
- love lives in the kitchen said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- October 29, 2009 at 2:59 AM
- love lives in the kitchen said...
these pictures are beautiful! i would love to have an office like this!
wish you a sweet day!
justyna - October 29, 2009 at 3:00 AM
- Gina @ The Shabby Chic Cottage said...
Your home is absolutely lovely!
- October 29, 2009 at 5:49 AM
- hungeryjack said...
Nice post - home office pictures ..Keep Posting
home office pictures - November 1, 2009 at 12:20 PM
- hungeryjack said...
Nice post - luxury homes pictures ..Keep Posting
luxury homes pictures - November 1, 2009 at 5:36 PM
- Mac said...
Whether you work in or out side of the office, Shangrilachina present you the best home office furniture collections.
- November 26, 2009 at 12:14 AM
www.paintmewhite.com is awsome, bookmarked!
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Add Photo Add Comment Printer View
First bolted line left of Sunset Arete and one of four new lines in this area, this un-named Alan Nelson route begs the question: "Why didn't we do this before?" Fire up a thin tips-seam for four bolts just adjacent to Sunset Arete. Pull into a corner system for a casual cruise to the top. The real crux lies in finding some feet for the seam at the start. I thought that a good strong lay back using soft slippers gave sufficient friction to make this not harder than 5.11b, perhaps easier if you are tall. There may be some edges on the left, but gag, where? Fine addition by Das Routemeister. Good stone, well protected, fun moves. All we need are the babes (this part was so much easier previously???).
QDs only. This 55 foot route needs 8 to 10 draws and something for the double bolt anchor at the top.
Very short crux with a perfect hole for your left big toe and a killer one-finger jam for the middle finger of your right hand. Fun.
David, why on Earth would you quote Hubbel's guide as some kind of authority? Hubbel has always named cracks that were never climbed. His first book to the Platte was called The Brown Book of Lies. No FA parties are listed usually. Please remove your comments about Alan. He died three months ago. You're presenting yourself as a guy who likes to kick people when they're down.
Not to take sides on the issue, but for historical accuracy, this was actually first done by Jeff Brown in 1988 and called Jeff's Third Climb. If you can manage to find a copy, you can refer to Berk's 1990 guidebook to Table Mountain called "You Are Welcome to Walk: Free Climbs of North Table Mountain, Colorado".
Fun route, great moves, upper part backs off considerably.


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Momeni New Wave NW54 Blue Rug
Item #: 126NW54-P Add to Wishlist
$79 - $1799 + FREE SHIPPINGDescription: Hand-tufted by expert artisans using a special blend of the highest quality Chinese wools, these rugs have the softest of hands and a shine that is unsurpassed. Many New Wave designs feature hand carving for added depth and a Tibetan-like weave, mostly found in hand-knotted rugs, but expertly achieved in these hand-tufted pieces.
- Collection: New Wave
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- Material: 100% Wool
- Weave: Hand Tufted
- Styles: Contemporary Rugs
- Origin: China
- Available in the following sizes: 2' x 3', 3' 6" x 5' 6", 5' 3" x 8', 7' 6" x 9' 6", 8' x 11', 9' 6"x 13' 6", 5' 9" Round, 7' 9" Round, 2' 6" x 8' and 2' 6" x 12'
- Clean & Care: Vacuum regularly as new wool rugs can shed yarn fibers for up to three months. Avoid direct and continuous exposure to sunlight. Do not pull loose ends, clip them with scissors to remove. Clean liquid spills immediately by blotting with cloth or sponge. For hard to remove stains, professional rug cleaning is recommended.
This rug is darker than I expected. The yellow is actually a gold color. All the other colors are deeper/darker too. I was expecting a lighter rug as pictured online; however, I decided to keep it.
RECOMMENDED: Yes, I would recommend this to a friend.We purchased this for our office lobby and it looks great!
RECOMMENDED: Yes, I would recommend this to a friend.This rug is fantastic! Thick and rich looking It is a focal point in my living room and everyone comments on how beautiful it is. The colors are gorgeous!
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Copyright 2012 Scripps Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
Posted: 03/21/2013
NEW YORK (AP) - McDonald's Corp. is adding a permanent new offering to its menu next week: chicken McWraps.
Copyright 2010 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Special Reports
Inside the Baltimore Police Department's watch center is the hub from which city police can view hundreds of crime cameras, pull up street corners and follow suspicious activity sometimes in progress; fancy hardware increasingly complimenting witty software.
ABC2 Investigators uncover Baltimore Police officers making huge amounts of overtime as the agency downplays the total amount spent on OT.
Scripps reviewed dozens of lawsuits and spoke with former insiders who all allege the companies that handle Berkshire Hathaway Inc.'s asbestos and pollution claims, wrongfully delay or deny payment to cancer victims...
Exercise might help women beat breast cancer. Researchers found it can ease the achy joints and muscle pain that lead many patients to quit taking medicines that treat the disease and lower the risk of a recurrence.
A crash involving a suspected drunk driver strands a Washington, D.C. man in a Baltimore-area rehabilitation hospital. And all he wants is to go home for the holidays.
The slow rollout of a new federal health insurance marketplace may be deepening differences in health coverage among Americans, with residents in some states gaining insurance at a far greater rate than others.


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Annual newsletter providing information on the potential of non-wood forest products and their contribution to the sustainable development of the world's forest resources. This bulletin also includes articles on important forest-related services such as hunting, grazing, ecotourism and bioprospecting.
The Panel of Experts on Forest Gene Resources was established in 1968 at the request of the fourteenth session of the FAO Conference (1967), with a mandate to "help plan and coordinate FAO's efforts to explore, utilize and conserve the gene resources of forest trees and, in particular, help prepare... [read more]
The Secretariat of the International Treaty publishes a newsletter in English, French and Spanish, on a regular basis to keep National Focal Points, media and general public informed about the latest news and events on the Treaty. It is free and anyone can sign up by providing a valid e-mail... [read more]
In 2001, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations launched an initiative to facilitate and support the formulation and implementation of policies and institutional changes that have a positive impact on the livelihoods of a large number of the world's poor.
The Regional Fisheries Livelihood Programme for South and Southeast Asia (RFLP) sets out to strengthen capacity among participating small-scale fishing communities and their supporting institutions in Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste and Viet Nam. By doing so the RFLP seeks to improve the livelihoods of fisher folk and... [read more]
Fostering knowledge sharing and learning to help build a world without hunger


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Avionics, Guidance, Navigation & GPS
Every day around the world, commercial travelers and military personnel depend on the accuracy and reliability of avionics, guidance, navigation and GPS systems. Whether you´re testing to achieve regulatory certification or meet demanding system specifications, solutions from Agilent enable extensive testing of the systems that ensure safe, successful journeys.
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The old leather silhouettes are still going strong, I never get bored of thinking up combinations. I just wanted to share this lovely frame, which has already gone to a lucky lady, but it has a sister in black that will soon be in the shop.
Thursday, 21 January 2010
6 comments:
- The Home Ec Teachers Daugter said...
I did something exactly like this with a giant frame from Ikea! I love it
- 21 January 2010 16:21
- Elizabeth said...
I love your silhouettes, they're totally charming.
- 21 January 2010 19:04
- Post Grad Hair Cut said...
This is gorgeous. I've always been fond of rabbits.
- 21 January 2010 20:46
- chloe said...
aaaaw very cute, makes me miss my pet bunny!
thanks for the comment, the blues are slowly going i think!... x - 22 January 2010 21:30
- chloe said...
added you to my friends' list btw! x
- 22 January 2010 21:32
- Louise said...
ta chloe! glad to hear you're feeling better
- 22 January 2010 23:41
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- Musician's Friend Best Selection, Price & Service. Guaranteed.
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Need Help? Ask our Experts or call 800-449-9128
Excellent for horns, strings, and percussion!
The Sennheiser e614 is a supercardioid back-electret condenser microphone. The e814 mic was designed for demanding instrument recordings that require extended frequency response, high SPL, fast transient response and compact mic size. While percussion pick-up was the first design priority, the e614 also works exceptionally well on woodwind and string instruments, and is a good choice for flute and sax where it captures the full body of the instrument. The e614 can handle high SPLs and features a medium sensitivity, which ensures reduced bleed from other instruments onstage. Because of its excellent acoustic properties this mic is also ideal for home recording.
Designed for demanding applications where extended frequency range, high SPL,
fast transient response and small size are required. Captures the "air" and the body of the instrument. Nearly flat response from 40Hz to 20kHz and a super cardioid pattern. Includes pouch and mic clip.
Requires phantom power.
A tiny mic that delivers the sonic goods! Order today!
Our product catalog varies by country due to manufacturer restrictions. If you change the Ship-To country, some or all of the items in your cart may not ship to the new destination.


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Oak Ridge National Laboratory
The Integrated Proposal Tracking System (IPTS) is designed for users, Instrument Staff, and the User Office personnel of the Spallation Neutron Source and the High Flux Isotope Reactor to submit and track proposals.
New ORNL Personalized User Portal
We are pleased to announce our new Personalized User Portal designed to provide our users with important status information and to make our users research experiences more enjoyable. Visit your Personalized User Portal by clicking the button on the right.
Login Help: Contact the IT support group for assistance at Email firstname.lastname@example.com or email@example.com (Phone 865-241-6765). (Note: IPTS access will be locked after 5 failed attempts. Contact the IT support group to unlock the account.)
Don't forget to check your "My Profile" area in IPTS -- Is your employer and citizenship correct in IPTS? If not you may need to update your profile. In the upper right-hand corner, select "My Profile" to update your citizenship and institution for auto-fill functions in the proposal system
Safety: Safe operations are integral to the ORNL mission, as practiced in the Integrated Safety Management System. A user must agree to adhere to all relevant safety requirements and to complete all user training deemed necessary by a given facility.
User Agreements: USDOE requires that its ORNL operating contractor (UT-Battelle) and the institution of each user who accesses its User Facilities sign, in advance, a standard agreement dealing with such topics as intellectual property, liability, site access, safety, and publications. The User Agreement is not project-specific and it applies to virtually all of an institution's approved proposals at ORNL's designated User Facilities. If an applicable agreement does not already exist, the user or institution will receive an agreement and instructions from the ORNL Sponsored Research Office (email@example.com)
(The NScD User Office and UTB Office of Technology Transfer will initiate preparation of these agreements for approved proposals, if the agreements do not already exist.)
Intent to Publish: As a condition for performing nonproprietary research, the U.S. Dept of Energy requires users to publish results from their research. Authorship of publications based on research from these facilities should reflect the normal considerations of recognizing collaborations. It is also important to take into account the considerable efforts of the instrument scientists in their role of designing, constructing, and/or operating the instrument and related facilities. Results are typically published in peer-reviewed journals, proceedings, or presentations at technical conferences. Proprietary users are not required to publish.
Credit Line: Each facility [SNS or HFIR] should be acknowledged with this required statement: [A portion of] This research at ORNL's High Flux Isotope Reactor [and/or Spallation Neutron Source, as appropriate] was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy.
Please submit bibliographic information for your publications via the Publications Portal
[IPTS Home] [ORNL Home] [SNS Home] [HFIR Home] [Contact Us] [Disclaimer] Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a national multi-program research and development facility managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science.


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32 + 8 nodes beowulf cluster design.
Many of your questions may have already been answered in earlier discussions or in the FAQ. The search results page will indicate current discussions as well as past list serves, articles, and papers.
TIERNEY CRAIG CRISTY Tierney at Colorado.EDUTue Feb 13 15:43:20 PST 2001
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I would be interested in your problems with Myrinet and why due to stability reasons you did not choose it. There are many sites that use Myrinet very successfully (Including here at FSL). It would cost much more, and that is a good reason not to choose it if your codes scale well with ethernet. You are going to be limited in running jobs on the whole cluster with just one ethernet interface for communication. I think you may be pricing the Portland Group software incorrectly. If you just want the compilers, you can purchase it for just the front end. Unless someone knows differently, their MPI is not any more efficient that mpich or lam. The parallel tools don't do much good as you only have single CPU nodes. Therefore HPF is overkill. The compilers are good though, as I have used them on several small x86 clusters and have been quite happy with the performance. If you have extra money, I would consider getting serial port switches for the nodes. You can debug nodes remotely if the ethernet is down. Having a terminal server is very handy. Craig Craig Tierney (ctierney at hpti.com) -----Original Message----- From: Paul Maragakis To: beowulf at beowulf.org Sent: 2/12/01 8:14 PM Subject: 32 + 8 nodes beowulf cluster design. Hi everyone, I have just drafted a proposal listing the hardware components and their prices for a 40 nodes beowulf using 1.2 GHz Athlons, 8*1.5 GB + 32*512 MB memory, a double fast-ethernet network, and a front-end for storage and administration. The draft is at: http://hdsc.deas.harvard.edu/~plm/beowulf.pdf All comments are highly appreciated, especially those regarding the network, the UPS and the price estimates. Take care, Paul
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