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With some champions in Congress and support from the White House, we're hoping to see domestic legislation that not only fines companies who pollute, but also uses some of these funds to help affected communities build their resilience. If we are successful domestically, we can lay the groundwork for a global deal at the UN Climate Change Conference this December—an agreement that will create a more hospitable climate for us all.
Also in this issue: A force of peace in Peru; Rebuilding in Bangladesh; Oxfam America's new role in Darfur.
]]>Last month, Newmont released the results of an independent review, which provides information about the company's community relationships and important recommendations for improving operations on the ground. The review, the first of its kind by a major mining company, came at the request of shareholders, led by New York-based Christian Brothers Investment Services, concerned about protests and environmental problems at Newmont's mining projects around the world. The company will formally present the results of the report to shareholders at the annual meeting.
"We commend Newmont for conducting a critical assessment of their community relationships. As shareholders gather this week, plans for urgent action to improve relations with the communities living near its operations should be at the top of the agenda," said Raymond C. Offenheiser, president of Oxfam America.
Recommendations from the report include handling community conflicts at an earlier stage, holding management accountable for community relations, and establishing effective grievance processes at all sites. The report indentifies problems with Newmont's community interaction at several locations, including sites in Ghana and Peru.
Nearly 10,000 villagers, mainly poor farmers, were displaced by the Newmont's Ahafo mine in Ghana. The report identified the long-term success of the resettlement as one of the greatest risks confronting the project and called on Newmont to actively monitor the implementation of resettlement. Newmont and the World Bank (IFC) will be conducting an audit of the resettlement program this year. Oxfam urges Newmont to make the audit process transparent and participatory.
Newmont's Yanacocha mine in Peru has been the site of repeated protests and violence in recent years. In 2007, local mining activists were the targets of harassments and death threats.
"The report identified an atmosphere of fear and intimidation among local residents at the Yanacocha mine, who worry about speaking out against the company out of fear of harassment by the mine's security forces," said Offenheiser. "It is very troubling that people are afraid to peacefully express their concerns. Newmont must address this situation immediately."
Communities affected by mining projects should have a role in decision-making about how the project will affect their lands and livelihoods. The report recommends an action plan that includes clarification of Newmont's commitment to the principle of free, prior and informed consent for communities.
"Newmont's endorsement of the principle of free, prior and informed consent for communities would be an important step forward," said Offenheiser. "The key now is to engage with local communities and apply this principle to company practice. We are pleased that Newmont's board of directors has accepted the report's analysis and recommendations and directed management to engage with affected communities on the report's findings."
The Newmont report also highlighted community concern about lack of access to information about the revenues the company pays to local and national governments, leaving communities unable to hold their governments accountable for how mining revenues are used.
"Newmont has been a leader in committing to greater transparency and can help address community concerns about revenue sharing by recommitting to disclose all payments made to host governments," said Offenheiser. "Endorsing mandatory public disclosure policies like the Extractive Industries Transparency Disclosure Act would be an important first step."
Oxfam advocated passage of the Extractive Industries Transparency Disclosure Act, legislation that would require all mining, oil, and gas companies registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission to disclose the payments made to foreign governments. The bill, which was introduced by House Financial Services Committee Chairman Barney Frank (D-MA) in the 110th Congress, is expected to be reintroduced shortly.
]]>"Adopting a regional mining policy directive is an important first step toward strengthening regional protections for the basic rights and livelihoods of mining-affected communities in West Africa and ensuring that these countries' mineral resources contribute to their sustainable development," said Raymond C. Offenheiser, president of Oxfam America.
Ministers from 11 West African countries met on April 17 in Abuja, Nigeria to review a draft mining directive that covers a broad range of financial, social and environmental issues relating to the industry. The draft was developed by the ECOWAS Commission with input from government officials, civil society organizations, and communities affected by mining.
Revenues from the mining industry form an important part of the economies of many West African countries. However, these revenues do not always translate into benefits for citizens. For example, Ghana is the second-largest gold producer in Africa—producing 2.5 million ounces of gold in 2007—but nearly 80 percent of Ghanaians are living on less than $2 per day.
The ECOWAS member countries currently have individual mining policies, but the need for foreign investment often leads to competition by offering tax reductions and exemptions, which deprives countries of sustainable benefits. A strong common policy is needed to ensure that the mining industry respects the rights of local communities and the environment and contributes to sustainable development.
"Oxfam is particularly encouraged by the mining directive's clear provisions for the protection of the human rights of local communities. This includes their right to free, prior and informed consent, which gives communities a meaningful role in decision-making about mining projects that would affect them," said Offenheiser. "We also applaud the directive's support for the disclosure of financial and environmental information relating to the mining sector."
Too often, mining industry contracts and revenues are kept secret. This lack of accountability facilitates embezzlement, corruption and revenue misappropriation leading to the industry's failure to alleviate poverty in West African countries. Measures to improve transparency in the directive will go a long way to inform the public about mining revenues. This will enable communities to hold governments accountable for using revenues to support vital services like healthcare and education.
However, the directive does not cover all the critical issues relating to the impacts of mining on affected communities. In particular, Oxfam believes the environmental protections can and should be further strengthened.
"Oxfam calls on the ECOWAS member states to engage with relevant stakeholders, particularly civil society and affected communities, to work to implement the directive and further strengthen legal provisions to increase transparency and protection of human rights and the environment," said Offenheiser.
Back in 2007, ECOWAS requested Oxfam America's involvement based on the organization's experience and expertise in the mining sector. Throughout the process, Oxfam worked to facilitate civil society's participation in the formation of the mining directive. More than 50 West African civil society organizations from 11 countries joined and participated in the formulation process.
]]>In the arid north of the country, where the government has prioritized copper mining, farmers and copper mines struggle to co-exist. Both need water, but the major copper mines, with support from the government and plenty of capital, are buying up the water rights. Farmers, many poor and without powerful friends in the government, are seeing their rivers and streams dry up—or worse, become so polluted they can't use the water.
In 2004, the 2,000 residents of Caimanes, a remote town in Chile's IV Region, faced an additional challenge: a massive tailings dam Pelambres Mining Company built on their doorstep. The dam, which collects waste rock from dissolved copper, would allow the Las Pelambres mine to continue operating for an additional 28 years. And the new tailings dam, when full, will hold 1.7 billion tons of waste.
Despite this huge new source of pollution to their water sources, local people had few outlets to defend their rights. Chile has no provisions in its laws on mining that require any citizen participation in approving or authorizing any expansion of existing mining operations.
But farmers in Caimanes and several other villages continued to voice their concerns that the dam would destroy an entire valley and cut off their supply of water. They said that acid will drain out of the dam, polluting what water that remains, and endangering the one stream that provides their town with water. Tailings dams are also usually a source of dust particles containing heavy metals—these can blow into town and poison people and their animals.
Caimanes is in the poorest region of Chile. Farmers there are concerned about their ability to continue to earn a living, but are also aware that a major earthquake could collapse the dam. This has happened before: In 1965 an earthquake spilled 10 million cubic meters (350 million cubic feet) of mine waste out of a similar holding area and killed 200 people.
In 2004 community members in Caimanes began working with the Environmental Oversight Office (the Fiscalía del Medio Ambiente or FIMA, a Chilean NGO). They gathered signatures on petitions and filed them in legal courts and requested an injunction to halt construction of the tailings dam. In 2005 the Caimanes community group representing farmers in the area alleged that the permit process for the dam had not been followed properly and that there were archeological sites that were being damaged in the construction. In 2007 a local court in the nearby city of Los Vilos ordered that the mine company halt construction of the tailings dam.
The Las Pelambres mine company appealed the 2007 court order, and the decision put responsibility on a government water commission. This commission had already approved a permit for the construction of the tailings dam, with limited participation from local farmers, so it allowed construction to continue. In 2008 the Chile's supreme court ruled that the right to water for the farmers affected by the tailings dam was being violated, and awarded each of the farmers $40,000. In December 2008 the company announced that it had finished the tailings dam.
Oxfam America provided grant funding for FIMA to help the citizens of Caimanes to defend their rights in court, and raise awareness about their situation among people in Chile. FIMA advocated for a hearing at the Latin American Water Tribunal in 2007, which issued a statement calling for the dam construction to be stopped and the citizens compensated. FIMA has also published reports about the situation in Caimanes and prompted considerable coverage of this case in the international media.
Although the citizens of Caimanes did win compensation and a favorable judgment in court, they did not succeed in blocking the dam construction. "Unfortunately for the people, there are no winners," says a report published by FIMA, The Battle for Water in the Pupío Valley. "This compensation will not make up for the destruction of the quality of life in the valley." FIMA says in the report that the people achieved a "legal and economic victory, but a social and environmental defeat."
Nevertheless, the case sets an important precedent and provides an example to the global mining industry of how responsible companies should not operate.
]]>Photographer Ed Kashi captured images like this as part of his new book, "Curse of the Black Gold: 50 Years of Oil in the Niger Delta." His photos were on display last week at John Hopkins University as part of a panel discussion of a new report assessing US and international efforts to overcome the "resource curse." The report, which is based on months of research in the field by the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations committee staff, explores the paradox where countries rich is natural resources become poorer once they are extracted.
Oxfam's Ian Gary, Senior Policy Advisor for Extractive Industries, spoke as part of the panel, describing how African countries like Chad have been unable to translate their oil reserves into revenue that reduces poverty by building health clinics, schools, roads, and other infrastructure.
"Despite the promises, little money has trickled down to villagers near the oil field in southern Chad and fighting in February between rebels and the government decimated the capital, forcing tens of thousands to flee, including many civil society activists who had sought to hold the government accountable in the spending of oil wealth," Gary said.
So, what's the solution? Panelist Michael V. Phelan, a professional staff member of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, said that he believes it is important for citizens to know their rights and responsibilities and to exercise those to hold their government's accountable. During the course of their research, the Senate staff members found problems in many countries where Oxfam America is working, including Peru, Ghana and Cambodia, and consulted Oxfam field staff and partners in these and other countries.
Oxfam is working to require oil, gas, and mining companies to consult with local communities, and share information with them about their revenues and operations. One vehicle for this is the Extractive Industries Transparency Disclosure Act, legislation that is expected to be introduced in the next session of Congress that requires oil, gas, and mining companies to publicly disclose how much they pay governments to use their natural resources.
Full disclosure is important because companies and governments often keep their revenues a secret, which leads to financial mismanagement and corruption. When local people know more about the oil, gas and mining projects taking place in their backyards, they can claim their fair share for community needs—like education, health care, and jobs.
]]>"I feel privileged to be here," he said. "To bring together 50 smart, energetic young people to talk about injustice: where I come from, that doesn't happen. It could never happen."
Alicante had come to Eastern Nazarene College, just outside Boston, to speak to the newest participants in Oxfam America's CHANGE Initiative. This national program transforms US college students into social justice activists by providing them with the tools to implement Oxfam advocacy campaigns on campus. At the start of each year's program, a week-long training helps the students (known as CHANGE Leaders) hone their leadership skills, advocacy skills, and knowledge of Oxfam's work. During sessions like Alicante's, they have a chance to meet the real people behind the issues.
Alicante began by describing his home country Equatorial Guinea: a small nation in west central Africa, rich in oil but suffering some of the world's most intense poverty. He contrasted photos of the degraded living conditions in the capital, Malabo, with the president's fleet of private planes and multi-million dollar California estate.
In Equatorial Guinea, he said, the vast majority of the country's oil wealth flows into its leaders' pockets, while its people lack adequate schools, sanitation, or healthcare. Kept in the dark about oil profits, the people have no way to claim their fair share.
"My country defines the term 'resource curse,'" Alicante said. "We're rich in resources, but we see few of the benefits."
Growing up, Alicante saw the government use intimidation, kidnapping, and even murder to keep people in line. When his family's home was destroyed, his father told him that there was nothing they could do about it—they just had to go on.
"That's when I realized I didn't want to live in a country where there's nothing you can do to change the situation," Alicante said. "I came to the US to mobilize. Things have got to change."
For two years, Alicante said, his organization has worked with Oxfam and like-minded groups on the Extractive Industries Transparency Disclosure Act. Now introduced in the House of Representatives (H.R. 6066) and Senate (S. 3389), this piece of legislation would require oil, gas, and mining companies registered in the US (including the oil companies operating in Equatorial Guinea) to disclose the amount and type of the payments they make in the countries where they operate.
"People need information about what oil, gas, and mining companies are doing in their communities," Alicante said. "If I know how much money is coming in, I can go to the local chief and ask, where is the money going? How does it meet our needs?"
Now, Alicante said, the CHANGE Leaders would help make this legislation a reality by writing letters to their legislators urging them to support the bill. "We're asking US students to express this injustice," he said, "and show the connection between my country and yours."
"Your representatives will decide the fate of this bill, and we know that they read handwritten letters," added his co-presenter, Oxfam organizer Paul Bugala. "Nothing replaces the power of the pen."
The students bent forward and began to write?hesitantly at first, then with growing confidence.
As they wrote, students received encouragement from 2006 CHANGE Leader Lisa East, a recent graduate of Tennessee Tech and a facilitator at this year's training. East urged the students to host their own letter-writing parties on campus.
"It's important for us students to be political," she said in a strong, clear voice. "Don't be afraid to talk to your representatives; make them accessible. If you're disillusioned about the political process, then take it back."
Afterward, East emphasized the importance of the CHANGE Leaders in showing other students how to make a difference.
"Students always sit up in their dorm rooms late at night, talking about issues, about injustice—but there has to be a next step," she said. "If you're willing to talk about it, but you're not ready to go out there and take action, you're still within those four walls."
Alicante, who has accompanied Oxfam on several campus speaking tours, agreed with East's assessment. "Students sometimes come up afterward and ask: 'I live in Texas; what can I do there to help?' I know the message has reached them when they realize that their actions matter—even to communities on the other side of the world."
]]>"While Peru's macroeconomic indicators are improving, individuals feel frustrated because they do not perceive their income to be increasing as a result of the country's economic growth," Baca said. "Grupo Propuesta Ciudadana recommends that the government implement policies that increase the benefits of economic growth to excluded populations, improve the efficiency of social programs, and improve the quality of education and health services."
Baca spoke at a panel discussion at Oxfam America's headquarters in Washington titled "Peru's Windfall—The Challenge of Harnessing Extractive Industries Revenues for Poverty Reduction." He said that while the extractive industries such as gold and silver mines and natural gas pipelines are leading Peru's booming economy and contributing more than $2 billion per year to government accounts, half the country still lives in poverty, and Peru is not converting its resource wealth into benefits for its poorest citizens.
One example is the municipality of Echarate, in the Urubamba River valley in the department of Cusco. This area has recently seen rapid development of the Camisea gas pipeline, which is expected to bring Peru $10.8 billion over the 30-year life of the project. The pipeline is being run by an international consortium, and partly funded by $135 million from the Inter-American Development Bank.
Research by Baca and Grupo Propuesta Ciudadana shows that while Echarate's budget for infrastructure projects was less than $700,000 in 2003, by 2007 it was more than $65 million as a result of Camisea royalties. Although the municipality has constructed a new office building, indigenous people in outlying villages report limited presence of government representatives in their communities.
"While indigenous communities have suffered from the negative effects of the gas project—including pipeline spills, decline in fish populations and environmental degradation—they have not significantly benefited from this municipal government windfall nor do they have adequate influence in determining how this money should be spent," says Emily Greenspan, policy advisor for Oxfam America in Washington, who recently returned from a visit to the Camisea project zone in the Peruvian Amazon.
Citizens of Peru already have the right to ask for information about revenues and spending, and companies are required to publish this information. But there is no government office overseeing the information requests, and companies do not always divulge the information requested, says Javier Aroca, an attorney who is Oxfam America's advisor on extractive industries in South America.
Aroca says lack of transparency makes it impossible to determine what companies are contributing to local and national governments. "All transactions related to extractive industries must be clearly defined and described, so that all the information is included in the national budget," he says. "National and international companies must meet international standards of accounting, audit, and publication of accounts. The management and final use of the funds must be published, especially at the regional and local levels. This would help increase trust in public institutions and ensure there is no corruption."
Baca made a number of recommendations about reformulating the laws governing distribution of mining and hydrocarbon revenues. He also recommended systems for fair allocation of the revenues to both producing and non-producing areas, and creating a system that is more transparent, predictable, and equitable.
One way to increase the transparency of extractive industry revenues would be to implement the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI), an international agreement that requires companies to disclose payments to governments so that citizens are aware of what their country's natural resources are worth and where the money is being used. In Peru, the national association for the oil, gas, and mining industry (Sociedad Nacional de Mineria Petroleo y Energia, or SNMPE) has succeeded in having all royalty and gas payments to be published as a lump sum (including all companies together), instead of by each individual company. That makes it hard for people to know how much a specific company is contributing to the government and what portion of that should be coming to the communities that are producing minerals and hydrocarbons.
Complying with the highest standard under EITI would require each company to disclose its tax and royalty payments. Oxfam America is calling on the SNMPE to encourage its member companies and the Ministry of Energy and Mines to support a company-by-company, rather than aggregate, reporting standard for royalty and tax payments as a means to increase transparency of Peru's revenues.
]]>"That is it," he says finally, "that is it."
The nearby Ajenua Bepo Forest reserve near Akyem supports a rich ecosystem. The tall trees are impressive as they reach up to the sky. Around them is a warm climate, with ample rain, and rich soils. The farmers near the forest take advantage of it to grow plantains, cocoa, kola nuts, and vegetables. It is not an easy life. Everyone works hard. The more successful farmers may not be wealthy in western terms, but they do not see themselves as poor. They are proud of what they do.
The farmers in Akyem say it is not as tranquil as it used to be. The American company Newmont Mining has bought a concession to explore for gold in this area, and is negotiating with the villagers to get the land they farm, compensate them for their crops, and relocate them to another place to make way for a mining pit 1.5 miles long and half a mile wide.
The company even wants to mine in the forest reserve, and the government seems willing to allow it. In April 2008, 215 members of the Concerned Farmers Association in Akyem Adausina signed a petition against mining in the forest.
In 2005 there was a demonstration against the mining proposal, and one person was shot and killed. Oxfam America's partner WACAM came to investigate the killing, and called for an investigation into the death.
Samuel Fosuhene, 65, a village councilor at that time, became wary of the prospect of mining in the town. He resigned from the council and started supporting WACAM's efforts to organize people in the village to learn about and represent their rights in negotiations with Newmont.
Fosuhene and Kwabena say there are three main issues in Akyem:
Fosuhene's main concern is responsible stewardship of the land. "Land is bequeathed from generation to generation," he says. "So if by allowing surface mining we will deprive...the generation yet unborn, then you have to be very careful."
But land management is difficult. "In our part of the world, no individual owns land," says Hannah Owusu-Koranteng of WACAM. "Even the chiefs, they do not own the land, they keep it in trust for the future of the community and its needs."
This system is at odds with the government's right to all mineral rights. It can lease the land to anyone for mining in the name of development, Owusu-Koranteng says.
The 2006 Minerals and Mining Act requires people be compensated for loss of land allocated to them by the chief, and sharecroppers need to be compensated for the crops they are growing on the land. At this point, WACAM says the company is offering eight US dollars for a cocoa tree, even though the trees produce $20 of cocoa a year for 40 years at least.
Kwabena and his siblings are concerned about losing their family home, a sprawling, 12-room concrete house that was the center of the community when his father was the chief.
In front lies the pacification stone, where errant community members confessing disrespect to authority would show remorse by slaughtering livestock. Inside the bright red walls are a series of rooms, the drums the chief would use to summon the community for meetings, the ceremonial stool and dais on which the chief sat to hold court, and the palanquin used to transport him on special occasions. Kwabena shows visitors the home, his arms outstretched as he moves through the rooms and courtyards, describing the activities of the royal household.
"This is a palace," he says next to the dais where his father dispensed wisdom to the village. "Even though it is such an old building, we are comfortable in it."
With such a nice house, with such a rich history, Kwabena and his 21 brothers and sisters, and all their children are concerned about being relocated to smaller quarters. "My father used to occupy a 16-foot by 14-foot room," Kwabena says, gesturing off to the other end of the courtyard. "You can't remove us and put us in a 9-foot by 9-foot room. That is uncomfortable and I seriously object to it."
Standing behind their house, Kwabena raises an even greater concern: "All the great chiefs who have reigned in this village are buried here," Kwabena says quietly standing under the tree planted for his father. "We can't look on and allow them to dump [mine] waste on them. It is a sacred place."
"That is it," Kwabena says, this time with conviction. "That is it."
]]>It is hard to reconcile the beauty of the lake with the violence along its shores. Mejía's work to defend the environment, and propose sustainable ways of living and working, has angered some who would prefer to rely on industrial mining for economic development in the region. A local citizen's organization has written a threatening letter to the Interior Ministry in Guatemala City, saying her work to educate community leaders about the risks of mining is unacceptable. She continues working, with international observers with her at all times to protect her.
Mejía first came here 10 years ago. She and her three children settled in the lakeside town of El Estor, promoting ecotourism and waging a series of campaigns to protect Lake Izabal from oil and mining projects that she says threaten the natural resources of the region—and won—t do much to benefit the local farming and fishing communities.
In 2002, Mejía and a handful of teachers, fisherman, environmentalists, a local physician and other citizens took on Shell Oil, which had a concession to drill right through the bottom of the lake. The small band of opponents founded the Association of Friends of Lake Izabal (ASALI) and succeeded in blocking the licenses for this project. ASALI then turned its attention to nickel mines along the sides of the lake.
There has been industrial mining in Izabal since the 1950s, but it has been in fits and starts as the prices of commodities have spiked and crashed over the years. But mining is now booming everywhere, so the Canadian company Skye Resources, which bought the mine in 2004, is now preparing to work a 100-square-mile concession it acquired in 2005. The area is home to 30 indigenous Q'eq'chi communities. None were properly consulted about the concession. This constitutes a violation of Guatemala's 1996 Peace Accords and international laws that protect indigenous people. The company is now engaged in talks with communities to convince them to go along with the plan to mine.
Skye Resources is now operating at a loss as it seeks financing so it can start mining in 2009. The company estimates it could get as much as 673,000 tons of nickel out of the mine. As part of its effort to clear people out of the concession area, the company and police forcefully evicted a number of Q'eq'chi communities in January of 2007, burning their humble shelters to the ground.
"We need a strong defense of the environment here," Mejía says at her home in El Estor. She has just finished a meal of traditionally prepared fish from Lake Izabal, and dines with visitors and two members of Peace Brigades International, who accompany her to ensure her safety.
ASALI is working in 29 communities to teach their leaders about mining: how much water is used, the chemicals, the transportation, and the rights of indigenous communities to be consulted. "We want every community leader to attend one of these workshops, and share their ideas and problems and work on them together," Mejía says. With help from Oxfam America, ASALI also arranges for these leaders to visit other mining areas in Honduras and in Guatemala's western highlands to see the effects of mining on indigenous people. "This is so they can see the consequences and talk to affected people," she says.
With the laws around land rights so unclear in Guatemala, indigenous people lack the required title and other official documents they need to defend their territory. Mejía says this needs to be addressed. "Through our contacts we have put the issue of land on the national agenda; it's been discussed in congress, so people are aware of the problems of land in mining concession areas."
Much of Mejía's motivation comes from her commitment to the people, all those who fish and grow corn on the fields near the lake. "When you come here and see the needs of the poor communities, you can see that people are not asking for much in life. But when you see the injustices and the way things are taken from them, it is so unfair that they are so poor and have so few opportunities despite the richness and national treasure here," she says. "This leads you to fall in love with this place. It makes you want to do something to contribute to changes here—and to denounce the injustice."
It is just this commitment that puts her at risk. Her Peace Brigade guardians are with her and several of her colleagues from ASALI, all of whom are working under threat. Mejía says they are not radicals."We want people to understand that there is another healthy and just way to develop this area, through rational use of the national treasures we have here."
"If at some time we no longer exist, we hope that we have sowed some seeds of awareness, solidarity, and respect to the environment. In this threatening climate for our work, our vulnerability makes us do what little we can—with all our hearts."
]]>Serwaah, 65, and her husband, Kofi Agyei, 77, own two cocoa farms and three homes. Each farm produces enough food to sell at markets in Kumasi and Accra.
And the profits are enough to feed the entire family. So, when Newmont Mining Corporation talks about expanding the Ahafo Gold Mine in nearby Kenyase into Mehame—claiming that the one-time fee for their land will improve their quality of life and bring development to their community—Serwaah reacts with suspicion.
Having visited nearby Kenyase, where her sister-in-law once lived, she says she's witnessed firsthand what "development" can mean to a mining company.
"I get sick when I hear about the project. My heart races," she says. "I was so sad to see places that had been cocoa farms turned into rocks and pits. The farmers have no food because their land has been taken over. They use money for everything and can't live off the land anymore."
That's a stark difference from Serwaah's life right now. While still very poor by Western standards, she says she is wealthy in other ways. "The land is everything to us. It's worth more than gold. Even if a [cocoa] tree falls, we can eat the mushrooms that grow off of it."
Beyond the land itself, the village of Mehame is already lit up by electricity. And Serwaah's family need only walk a short distance to collect free, potable water. Many families, relocated from Kenyase and the surrounding villages, live in structures smaller than their old homes, and many are not connected to electricity lines. In Ntotroso, a resettled community filled with former residents of Kenyase, residents must now pay for their household water, and report taking turns with family members just to bathe.
"Newmont told us a lot of good stories. But we've seen that they've really disappointed us," says Kojo Zica, 28, a resident of the Ntotroso resettlement. "Since we came to this settlement, most of us are not working—even the youth. Even the water we have to pay for. It is difficult to feed our families."
For these reasons, people in Serwaah's community have been attending workshops by WACAM, a local organization supported by Oxfam. WACAM teaches the cocoa farmers to understand their rights under national and international law. In Serwaah's case, these rights include saying "no" to mining if she so chooses.
No amount of compensation from Newmont could replace the lifestyle her family has cultivated over the years, she says. And while right now she can count on her cocoa farms yielding a harvest twice a year, whatever payment she received from Newmont would peter out over time.
"For us, development is not about having big, big things, but having your peace of mind. For us, development is about working for oneself and leaving something for the next generation," she says.
]]>Mining has never been a significant part of El Salvador's economy, but modern techniques make it attractive in some areas. The Canadian mining company Pacific Rim is currently exploring for minerals in three areas, and has requested a concession to restart mining at the El Dorado mine in the department of Cabañas where it says it has invested $28 million and can produce 1.2 million ounces of gold and 7.4 million ounces of silver. Pacific Rim is also in the early stages of exploration on its Zamora project, near Texistepeque, Santa Ana.
Farmers near the town of Texistepeque are skeptical about mining, and some have even visited large-scale mines in Honduras and come back opposed to any mining in El Salvador. Salvador Antonio Seseña Rodruígez, 62, is one of the farmers who made the trip to the San Andres mine in Honduras. "I was really impressed by the destruction," he said about the mine. "We saw the main river there was almost dry, and there was no life in the river."
Rodruígez is a father of 10, and makes a living raising cows and growing corn and beans. So he was particularly concerned about the water problems he saw. "We already have a water crisis here," he says. "We can't drink contaminated water. How will we end up if we allow mining here?"
It was through his church and a meeting with the Centro de Investigación Sobre Inversión y Comercio (know as CEICOM) that he participated in the exchange visit. He came back ready to mobilize others in his community.
Oxfam America is working with CEICOM and a coalition of social, environmental, and other civil society organizations pushing for a voice in a real debate about whether mining is suitable for El Salvador, where some estimates say 90 percent of surface water is already polluted. The country has also been largely deforested, leaving many communities at risk of landslides during heavy rains, so many are already concerned about the environment. The Salvadorian Bishop's Conference released a statement saying mining causes damage to the environment and communities in May of 2007.
Civil society organization in El Salvador have proposed a law that would prohibit all hard-rock mineral mining, arguing the country is too densely populated and water is too scarce to support the industry.
Oxfam America's program in Central America, which is based in El Salvador, is working to enrich the debate on this issue, help civil society project its voice and hold the government accountable to the people, and provide information about mining and its effects on communities and the environment that citizens can use to make informed decisions.
The government of El Salvador has said it will not grant any new licenses to explore or operate mines until it does a strategic environmental study to assess the likely impact of open-pit mining in the country. "We feel this study should be done with the participation of civil society," says David Pereira of CEICOM. He said that in 2006 the minister of natural resources came out publicly against mining, saying the government did not have the capacity to regulate the industry. The minister then challenged civil society to change the laws and cautioned land owners not to sell their land to mining companies.
Some members of the senate have written a public letter to government leaders saying that they believe allowing industrial mining into the northern areas of the country will jeopardize development projects supported by the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), a $460-million, US government-funded foreign aid program, to bring sustained economic development in that region.
Pacific Rim continues to explore at El Dorado, which it says is its flagship property. The company is running an aggressive public relations campaign with radio ads introducing the slogan "minería verde" in an attempt to win hearts and minds of government and citizens. It also sponsors municipal soccer teams, and holds community meetings to sway farmers to accept mining in their community.
In the meantime, the Environmental Committee of Cabañas is reporting that 10 natural springs have dried up in the past month in areas close to Pacific Rim exploratory drilling. These reports have been verified by the Ministry of Natural Resources. In one of the cases, cattle-raising communities lost their natural spring four days after Pacific Rim began drilling. The company is now trucking in daily rations of water.
]]>The delegation of US representatives and their staff, led by House Financial Services Committee Chairman Barney Frank, Democrat of Massachusetts, visited Ghana as part of a three-country African tour. On March 28, they met with a number of groups in the capital city of Accra, including Oxfam America partners the Center for Public Interest Law and WACAM.
The subject of the meeting: Why does gold mining, Ghana's largest industry, make big profits for companies and the government, but bring few benefits for the poor communities where the mining actually takes place.
Daniel Owusu-Koranteng, executive director of WACAM, told the representatives that some farmers have not been not fairly compensated when mining companies purchased their land. "Companies will pay a farmer 9 Ghana cedis, about $8, for a cocoa tree, when the cocoa tree can earn a cocoa farmer about $20 per year for an economic life of 40 to 50 years."
He said gold mining has been a cause of environmental harm in Ghana, citing the US-based Newmont Mining Corporation's plans to build a gold mine in the Ajenua Bepo nature reserve—despite a petition from over 200 farmers asking them to preserve the country's rapidly dwindling forests.
The coalition also talked about the lack of transparency on the part of mining companies and governments. When contracts and payments are kept secret, corruption and mismanagement can spread, making it harder for poor communities to get their share of mining revenues. While the government of Ghana must create more transparent policies around mining, the US also needs to make a concrete commitment to help, Owusu-Koranteng said.
A new piece of US legislation could help communities by requiring mining companies to be more transparent about their practices. On May 12, Representative Frank and other members of the House Financial Services Committee will introduce the "Extractive Industries Transparency Disclosure Act" in the House of Representatives. The bill will require oil, gas, and mining companies registered in the US to disclose the amount and type of the payments they make in the countries where they operate.
"Now that they've met our partners, and heard how mining affects people's lives, the Congressional Delegation knows that oil, gas, and mining companies must respect the rights of the communities where they operate—in Ghana and elsewhere," says Keith Slack, director of Oxfam's Right to Know, Right to Decide campaign. "We must urge other members of Congress to follow suit and pass this crucial legislation."
]]>The agreement between ECOWAS and Oxfam America states that the new mining code's primary objective is "to facilitate the contribution of civil society in the process of forming a common mining policy that is favorable to the poor, respectful of the protection principles of the environment and of human rights, and that renders the government and the mining companies responsible through good governance practices."
"In its current form, mining activity has not made the lives of West Africans significantly better," said Mamadou Bitèye, Regional Director for Oxfam America in West Africa. "Even though gold mining has surpassed cotton and cocoa farming, Mali and Ghana still rank 173 and 135 respectively out of 177 countries, according to the UNDP Human Development Index," he said after signing the agreement with ECOWAS in Nigeria.
The regional mining project encompasses three specific objectives for the new code:
The creation of the ECOWAS mining code is part of Oxfam America's program in West Africa to promote citizen participation in decisions related to oil, gas, and mining projects, transparency of payments by international corporations to governments operating in this industry, and uniform laws and policies across the region that will forestall the "race to the bottom" as companies compete for foreign investment by compromising their social and environmental standards.
Oxfam America will oversee the participation of civil society representatives in the drafting of the new mining code. Mamadou Bitèye, and Dr. Mohamed Ibn Chambas, the President of ECOWAS, both expressed their satisfaction in signing the agreement at ECOWAS headquarters.
"We appreciate the political will of ECOWAS in working to harmonize mining policies," said Bitèye "A regional mining code will allow joint governance and better use of foreign direct investment by avoiding the current climate of competition among member countries."
]]>In 2002, Bogoso Gold Mines, a subsidiary of Golden Star Resources, acquired the mine concession and started to aggressively expand the mine pit towards the town. Use of explosives in the mine pit damaged homes in the Krutown neighborhood, and repairs effected by the company were not adequate, according to homeowners. In the neighboring village of Dumase there have been two cyanide spills in the Aprepre River in 2004 and 2006.
"In 2004 we could see the surface mine approaching the town, so we complained to the government but no one came to our aid," said Dominic Nyame, a burly 43-year-old former miner turned community organizer with the Concerned Citizens Association of Prestea. Community members said the encroaching mine pits brought blasting too close to nearby neighborhoods and houses were being damaged. "In 2005 we demonstrated against the company, and the military came to town and shot seven people—fortunately no one died." There has never been an independent investigation of this incident.
The communities of Prestea, as well as Himan, and Dumase that neighbor the Bogoso/Prestea mine, are requesting a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of the first phase of the Bogoso/Prestea project and for the company to respect their right to free, prior, and informed consent regarding the planned Prestea Southern Project.
The community of Dumase is also seeking damages in court from the 2004 and 2006 cyanide spills, and has formally requested that Golden Star Resources commission independent health investigations, but the company has not acted on this either.
Community members attended training sessions with Oxfam America's partner WACAM in 2005 to learn about their human rights, and how to teach others about their right to live in a safe environment and be consulted about the effects of the expanding mining operation. Community members went to Accra and met with reporters and got their grievances into the media, after which Bogoso Gold said they would reduce their blasting activity and form a joint committee to oversee future blasting.
But the issue of pit expansion is still a problem for people living in and near Prestea who fear being involuntarily relocated, or living too close to mine pits and blasting. The proposed pit expansion would also be within several hundred meters of a school, so many parents in this area are concerned about the safety of their children. In two prior incidents in 2006 security forces have moved people off of mine property by force, and the Concerned Citizens Association has had to use some of the training they received from WACAM to resolve these conflicts peacefully. "With WACAM we can calm the waters," Nyame said.
Bogoso Gold is currently suspending all mining activity and expansion while it negotiates with the citizens of Prestea, who are exerting their right to be consulted about how the mine operates, how it could possibly expand its operations into the southern part of Prestea, and the way it carries out any future blasting in the mine pits.


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Regulatory Cooperation Council
On February 4, 2011, Prime Minister Stephen Harper and United States President Barack Obama announced the creation of the Canada-United States Regulatory Cooperation Council (RCC) to better align the two countries' regulatory approaches, where possible. [More...]
Bilateral trade in Agriculture and Food between Canada and the U.S. has enabled both countries' citizens to enjoy a reliable supply of some of the safest and highest quality food in the world.
The RCC Joint Action Plan focuses regulatory reform efforts on surface, marine, and general transportation issues.
Canada and the U.S. have a long history of collaborating on joint environmental challenges, from the shared stewardship of trans-boundary waters to the protection of migratory wildlife.
Collaboration between the regulatory agencies will reduce costs for manufacturers of pharmaceutical and therapeutic products and improve the efficiency of the regulatory decision making process.
The RCC Joint Action Plan proposes to share information and develop joint Canada-U.S. approaches on regulatory aspects of nanomaterials.
The RCC Joint Action Plan includes a cross-sectoral initiative that builds on both Canada and the United States' respective work in reducing the regulatory burden on small businesses.
Regulatory Cooperation Council Blog
07 January, 2013
The Canada-United States Regulatory Cooperation Council progress report was released on December 14, 2012. It outlines progress that has been made on advancing overall regulatory cooperation with the United States, and also on individual Joint Action Plan items.
14 December, 2012
Released today, the first annual Beyond the Border Action Plan Implementation Report and the Canada-U.S. Regulatory Cooperation Council Joint Action Plan Progress Report demonstrate real and concrete progress on two major initiatives of Canada's Economic Action Plan.
23 April, 2012
Canadian businesses need access to key export markets in order to take advantage of new opportunities. Over the past six years,
has concluded free trade agreements with nine countries as well as foreign investment promotion and protection agreements with ten countries.Canada

subset: commoncrawl


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Brewmatic - USA
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- Musician's Friend Best Selection, Price & Service. Guaranteed.
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text: Home Culture On Blacks and Fat: Venus Williams The Root spoke to the tennis superstar about her off-court battle: fighting obesity in America. By: Jenée Desmond-Harris Posted: July 25 2012 2:12 PM 0 Paul Gilham/Getty Images (The Root) -- Obesity is more common in African Americans than in other ethnic groups. But when it comes to black people and weight, that's where the agreement seems to end. Is food the culprit? Is exercise the solution? Is there even a real problem to begin with, or should we be focusing on health -- or even self-acceptance -- rather than the number on the scale? Against the backdrop of the first lady's mission to slim down the nation's kids, black celebs getting endorsements after shedding inches and a booming weight-loss industry, The Root will publish a series of interviews with medical professionals, activists and fitness enthusiasts that reveal the complexity of this issue and the range of approaches to it. For the 11th in the series, we spoke to Venus Williams. The tennis superstar is gearing up to compete in the London Olympics, but before buckling down for the games, she stopped in Washington, D.C., for an appearance involving two of her lesser-known priorities: business and health advocacy. A Jamba Juice franchise owner, she's also an ambassador for the company's Team Up for a Healthy America campaign, which is designed to draw attention to the nation's obesity epidemic. "It's so important to have good roots in healthy eating," she told The Root. "And not everyone learns that in the beginning." The lifelong healthy eater and recent convert to veganism talked to The Root about her balanced, lifestyle-based approach to wellness; how a health scare inspired her conversion to veganism; and what she's doing to make sure all American kids get the same early introduction to healthy eating that she did. Read the rest of the interviews in the series here, and check out The Root's other obesity coverage here. The Root: When it comes to African Americans and obesity, what is the biggest myth or misunderstanding? Venus Williams: When it comes to people and obesity generally, it's just important to be balanced. It's important to be active, but also to take in the right things that are healthy for your body. It's about being healthy, because obesity does lead to health problems. So it's not just about how you look. For example, I chose to be a vegan because I had some health problems, so I had to change my lifestyle. It definitely has helped me. I only started last year, so there's still some stuff I'm trying to purge, but it's a lifestyle thing. TR: If you could make just one suggestion for people to implement in their daily lives with respect to weight and health, what would it be? Page 1 of 3 NEXT PAGE > Powered by Livefyre


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All Elliott Gould Quotes
I find it so easy to get distracted - I try not to do more than one thing at any one time.
Elliott Gould
52% of people like this quote
I was changing a light bulb over Groucho Marx's bed, so I took my shoes off, got on his bed and changed the bulb. When I got off the bed he said: 'That's the best acting you've ever done.'
Elliott Gould
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My problem was I let myself become known before I knew myself.
Elliott Gould
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There's nothing more arrogant or conceited than youth, and there's nothing other than machinery that can replace youth.
Elliott Gould
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5 years ago, my aunt and mom attempted the drive to Punta Allen in an Atos - a compact car. Needless to say, the got stuck about half way there, the car flood up to its windows and never made it. Last month my aunt was visiting us and we rented a Jeep (which is a must) and Viola -... More
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A fun and entertaining night of jazz songs with a sprinkling of festive numbers performed by ... Read more
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A very special night of comedy providing some festive cheer during the winter season. Read more
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The Alley is delighted to be hosting Ireland's leading drama festival. Read more
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Instead of Fit Links Friday I thought I would share some things I am loving recently….
1. Access Bars, my girlfriend who sells Melaleuca products recently got me hooked on these! They are a pre-workout bar which provides your body with the means to use its own fat stores as an extra energy source. Athletes such as Shalane Flangan and Tammy Van Wise swear by them. Do they work, I am not 100% sure yet (I will write a review soon). But they taste amazing and I love eating them before any workout I do.
2. Phillips Wake-up light, honestly if I did not have this alarm clock I would not wake up in the early mornings. I have started going to a 6am Soul Cycle class every week and this clock is the only reason I wake up. "Light gradually increases for 30 minutes before your alarm time to gently prepare your body to wake-up and feel more energetic at the start of your day." I love this alarm clock, I have had it for a couple of months now and it really does work!
3.10 Year Journal, I am a huge fan of journaling. Ask my mom, I have 15 journals at home from my childhood (excluding my ballerina journal that got stolen when I was 7 years old ). I just found out about this journal from Ali Fedotowsky on Open Sky. It is a 10 year journal, each day has 10 years listed so you can look back to see what happened on a certain day over the years. It also only gives you a couple of lines so it doesn't take that long to fill out. I think this is an amazing thing to have.
4. Lululemon Run: Inspire Crops II, I think these are the best leggings ever. I just got my first pair and I wear them everywhere (and I mean everywhere). The run inspire crops are made with Power Luxtreme® and Circle Mesh. They are a bit pricey but worth every penny.
5. The Soft Serve Fruit Co., I am a huge fan of frozen yogurt but having it too much isn't good for you. Recently after a Soul Cycle class I stumbled up the Soft Serve Fruit Co. The frozen yogurt fruit consists of only 3 ingredients: real fruit, filtered water, and a touch of organic cane sugar. It is 100% natural: non-dairy, free of fat, sodium, cholesterol, glutens, and all 8 major allergens. A small cup of Soft Serve Fruit contains less than 90 calories. My favorite flavor is Banana. If you haven't been you really need to try it!
If you have any questions about any of the things above feel free to email me or leave a comment. I would love to know what have you been loving lately? I like learning about new things. I hope you all have an amazing weekend. I am off to Chicago for work!
Filed under: MISC Wellness Info Tagged: | 10 year journal, access bars, Frozen Yogurt, Lululemon, melaleuca, Phillips Wake-up light, Soft Serve Fruit, Soft Serve Fruit Co.


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The Brady mansion is complete and ready to be moved in. Powercouple Giselle and Tom Brady have put an estimated $20 million dollars into building their dream home in Brentwood, California complete with indoor and outdoor play areas and even an on site training facility for the superstar quarter back to train during off- season.
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Cherry Grade School celebrates 100 days
Cherry Grade School students celebrated the first 100 days of school by collecting 216 items from students and their families to donate to the PADS shelter in Peru. Pictured is one student from each grade displaying some of the collected items. The collection effort was organized by the student council.
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There are no user reviews for this movie. Be the first to review this movie!
_LaurieC_ Wtf was wrong wit Denzel in Flight
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DropsDimes4_SC Bout to watch "Flight" again. My man Denzel was out there in this movie
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WetWaffles The only movie I haven't watched that denzel was in was flight.
indiKEV Denzel thought he was me in "Flight" smfh
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bigdaddyreg Just watched Denzel Washington's movie #flight on @netflix that was a great movie!
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Exclusive Cast Interview Denzel Washington, Bruce Greenwood, Melissa Leo and Kelly Reilly chat about their characters and the dilemmas they face in the film.


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WebMD Physician Directory
Top Specialties
Specialist Glossary- Allergist
- Anesthesiologist
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Dr. Stephen J. Furs, MD
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1000 Crescent Grn Ste 102
Cary, NC 27518
(919) 816-4948
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Gender: Male
Years in Practice:23 Years
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Medical School:University of Connecticut School of Medicine
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Save up to 50% on cards
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School of PsychologyUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
Research group Cognitive Neuroimaging Lab
Research Interests My past research focused on investigating visual perception of biologically relevant motions and objects. Current projects investigate depth and 3D shape processing in the human visual system using a combination of psychophysical and fMRI techniques. In particular, I am interested in testing perceptual learning of depth perception and the plasticity of the underlying neural mechanisms.
Troje, N. F., & Chang, D. H. F. (in press). Shape-independent processing of biological motion. In K. Johnson, M. Shiffrar (Eds.), Visual Perception of the Human Body in Motion: Findings, Theory, and Practice.
Chang, D. H. F., Harris, L. R., & Troje, N. F. (2010). Frames of reference for biological motion and face perception. Journal of Vision, 10(6):22, 1–11.
Chang, D. H. F., & Troje, N. F. (2009). Characterizing global and local mechanisms in biological motion perception. Journal of Vision, 9(5):8, 1-10.
Chang, D. H. F., & Troje, N. F. (2009). Acceleration carries the local inversion effect in biological motion perception. Journal of Vision, 9(1):19, 1-17.
Chang, D. H. F., & Troje, N. F. (2008). Perception of animacy and direction from local biological motion signals. Journal of Vision, 8(5):3, 1-10.
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Copyright Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
A teacher is on administrative leave after school officials said a nude photo of her spread online.
A confidential memo given to Cincinnati's city manager in 2011 states the city would likely have to pay all costs for moving utilities as part of the streetcar project.
A woman was arrested and charged with OVI and failure to control her vehicle after crashing into a gas and electric meter and rolling a car on its side.
A Winter Storm Warning has been issued for Tri-State communities in effect from 1 a.m. Friday through 1 a.m. Saturday.
John Matarese reports on the latest serious data breach
John Matarese checks into a common complaint with holiday season discounts
The Kenton County Airport Board voted Wednesday to hire special counsel to independently investigate the alleged wiretapping detailed in a federal lawsuit filed Tuesday.
A new brewery and restaurant is coming to Over-the-Rhine and it will have a face familiar to Cincinnati's brewing scene at the helm.
Cincinnati's new city council voted Wednesday to postpone work on the streetcar project in a 5-4 vote.
After heated debate Wednesday, City Council voted 5-4 to suspend the streetcar project pending an audit.
The University of Cincinnati has a more racially diverse student body than Miami or Northern Kentucky Universities, but it lags behind some peers within its athletic conference, according to…
Cincinnati State Technical and Community College's acres of living laboratories teach not only students but also EPA experts and the region's sewer researchers.
Some big changes are afoot at Cellar Dweller brewing in Morrow including a new barrel-aged beer line, guest brewing and cans coming in 2014.
While the neighborhood where "Fast & Furious" star Paul Walker died in a fiery crash is known to attract street racers, law enforcement officials do not believe the Porsche he…
The Reds did Ryan Hanigan and themselves a favor by trading the veteran catcher to the Rays in a three-team deal Tuesday.
Notre Dame offensive coordinator Chuck Martin is the new football coach of the Miami RedHawks, Miami confirmed Tuesday.
Aleisa Yusko and her family are thankful for every day they have with Nora, the family's little miracle.
A recent survey by the Marchex Institute claims that Ohioans swear more than any other state in the nation.
Storm Shield is a life-saving app that is like a NOAA Emergency Weather Radio on your iPhone and Android.
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Ken Broo will join the WCPO 9 On Your Side team as its newest sports anchor/reporter.
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Viewing All 60 Reviews Add your review
Certified reviews by travelers like you.
The tour was interesting but doesn't run late enough. We got off at the docks for the Beatles Experience, etc. but had to catch a cab at 5:00 back to the train station because the tour buses weren't running by then. Be sure to make note of the time if you hop off!
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
Everything wena as planed.
Used this service twice on this trip and was totallt satisfied.
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
Polite, friendly drivers. A good service. The leaflet timetable and the bus stop timetable did not always seem to match ! We had a great time in Liverpool and this was an excellent way to view it.
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
Stacy P
The tour was good but on one occasion, only a small speaker was used on the top deck under some front seats and since there were people speaking, any information was lost.
On the esecond bus we took, this was not an issue as all could be heard clearly.
I know that we were recommended that it would have been a better tour if there was a person running the commentary but for the price, it was great, as an additional person would increase the cost.
Easy to book and use the voucher in advance.
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
We loved this bus! We did the entire city TWICE before we ever got off of it for the first time. The narration was very informative and the driver(s) were extremely nice. The biggest plus is that it was MUCH less crowded and more accessible than "the competition"! One of the best choices of our 3 week trip!
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
enjoyed every minute of visiting liverpool we plan to come back but for longer as a weekend was not enough to see all of your lovely city
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
We thought the tour was great. Very informative we had worked in Liverpool for 20 years and found out more on the bus! Very friendly people. We will be back for more
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
My wife and I and her brother went on a British Isle cruise on Princess Cruise line.
We pre-ordered the hop-on hop-off tour bus for all the ports that were available;
Dublin, Liverpool, Belfast, Glasgow, Inverness, Edinburgh and London after the end of the cruise.
We also purchased "Skip the Line" at Guinness storehouse,
which was good because of the long line to purchase tickets.
We walked right up to the pre-buy line person and walked in.
All the hop-off hop-on buses were very good, clean and all workers were courteous and helpful.
I don't think they see the Viator online print off tickets very often,
but there was no problem using the computer print off tickets.
I would definitely recommend the hop-on hop-off tour buses every where you go.
Pre buying did not save a lot, but you did not have to worry about having local cash to buy them.
I normally do not conduct a rating but everything worked out well, so I will in this case.
Gary, Renton, Washington
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
The trip around Liverpool is pretty quick. It only takes about 45 minutes to get around the city, but hopping on and off wherever you needed it was quite convenient. Their narration was recorded, and highlighted the things you needed to see along the tour.
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
My husband and I had a fab time in Liverpool. We definately are going to go again. The bus tour was great, very informative and the bus drivers very friendly.
I would highly recommend.
Heather and Frank from Darlingon
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
city was beautiful and the route the bus too was very nice but couldnt hear anything that was been told to us
Doing what: Liverpool City Hop-on Hop-off Tour
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October 31, 2011
Brandon Helwig UCFSports.com
When your favorite school offers, the decision is easy. So when the full ride from UCF came on Monday, Kelly Parfitt didn't waste any time. He committed on the spot. ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now for a FREE Trial
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Send the new parents a great gift to help welcome their new baby boy! Three delicious Bem Casados, nine Fred Frank Gastronomy oatmeal cookies, clothe with a blue teddy bear and mini white roses vase, all inside this wooden box decorated with ribbon and another blue teddy bear on the outside.
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You're watching...
After the Show Show: 'The MeatEater'
Reducing the cost of food
Feb 21, 2013
You're watching...
Reducing the cost of food
Feb 21, 2013
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Spread out -- -- Janice and they had to kind of sentiments welcome to the after the show show and in addition -- -- Janice in May we get -- Steve reality is the host of sportsman channel.
The mediator which runs Sunday nights at 9 PM over there on that channel and he's here because the price of meat is so high.
You figured -- created to get around had just -- find your.
I mean.
Like and let's not do on angels is a whole different world from me because -- -- -- you know -- I hope for living.
From my low fare moaning very much lost -- thing you actually only need I mean the little thing is the after show right at.
But my real low fare money came from those moments in life are we really were disliked public -- -- college their guide to roommates.
And we -- three -- between.
October 1 which will be day in the first Christmas breaks like December 10 I mean that's all we -- It wasn't that we would go to college with a little bit at that time eligible to college of that that's -- as -- -- -- state northern Michigan.
It is so I -- that way in and out of the moment -- as he -- that you Modano -- Alabama for graduate school and down their following heart problems deer -- night works Alaska and on straw was -- -- there.
Mother older brother.
All the places he's bounced around he does now as Montana and he on sprawls on -- so -- quick once you learn the skills that you learn like the way of looking at things.
It just becomes natural that you -- learn how to.
It's not a that the learn how to exploit your environment you live up land at a yeah it's a way of looking at -- -- -- video of your right now so is this how you cook deer in college to to -- -- over a burning -- no we -- it we've tried everything.
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- You know grouse dear to demand we fried.
Now during that commercial break I was talking to you about females to know any females that and that did this kind of and -- -- fast that's a fast growing segment nestled.
Pale and obviously really put a face female -- And that's a fast growing segment volatile and -- liberal -- life.
She was six months pregnant went up and in and got a -- go and that's a very technical type -- honey because it's it's like it's a combination of -- in mountaineering.
And she solely a dirty play and their -- trip for this year and a favorite what's your favorite meat that you will meet the give ID one thing the rest -- yeah.
One blogger just one thing in general Russ -- I'll probably go tell it's that there's no bad -- -- but you know there's no out liars.
But they -- they have a diet very simply couldn't they have a diet very similar took to -- cost of June -- -- lot of high quality grasses.
-- like the meets good in some animals like.
I love and you'll their summarizing it and you'll do the what have a taste that some might describe his game you can be a strong flavor.
You just don't get off chasing elk I don't know -- -- we would would -- be able to order -- at a restaurant yet this -- what different is slate belt light because.
What it you cannot sell wild game.
In the US so what they -- -- some people take a livestock model and they applied to wild game species you'll raise -- basically in the cattle system -- the -- -- and cattle system.
And they slaughter -- and sell in the market as wild game and sure it has it has some of the qualities.
A wild game but to join not finishing and -- -- grain so we'll have like the lean this low cholesterol aspect a wild game.
But it lacks that more was spiritual sense of wildness to -- you know uses as wouldn't.
-- this is not the same to me personally I prefer like a wild and a and that's the way they do buffalo.
These -- you know it's it's -- with Ari does a check out the show it is on the sportsman channel Steve our granola real pleasure to -- -- -- thank you very much that there.
All right now let's go down -- Boynton beach Florida well I understand via satellite.
And -- -- is previewing a big car auction but this weekend with some classic cars.
Hey good morning good morning everybody at home I EM there eighty cars approximately.
That are ups up for auction here -- -- just outside a West Palm Beach, Florida.
At the very day that classic car museum and they're also thousands of pieces of memorabilia that are going to be auctioned off.
On Saturday here now with the owner this is Ron green and here with the the -- -- -- that.
Can I get it tested -- that's consulate in the second row mr.
-- this dean and he couldn't get -- got.
We're good morning.
Personally talk to you Ron.
Is this hard every department -- because you're so -- busiest and you obviously it's been a long time collecting them.
Broke brutally difficult -- Restore happened part of raising funds it was -- and charities that we know the servicemen coming back from release especially.
We need the help we can give in which three charities that.
The wounded warriors project home through our troops and force the VFW veterans of foreign wars thank -- when your wife -- strong ties to the military.
What precise service of the many folks in my family but -- my wife's dad was awarded the silver star for his terrorism.
In -- was hospitalized twice came back disabled veteran and -- veterans affairs for the Red Cross.
As far as the cars that you are seeing if you had a drink -- we -- the grandchildren give us their wish list the cars would like to inherit from us we put those aside for them.
Everything else is being so.
How special okay -- -- your thinking in this is gonna go between four and five million dollars.
Could go even higher what are we -- at right here.
This is a 1962.
-- The convertible Lara and how about this and having -- -- that in 62 Corvette out.
How much so that -- old friend and -- have a wonderful.
Rounded collection convertibles.
The 62 core router probably -- him -- 5000 dollars and.
And did I miss or these private -- is it going to be again museum of some sort.
Most of the people the will buy these cars are gonna buy them for themselves.
People like to buy cars -- -- treasured and loved.
-- amount spent years hand picking these cars.
And you know there there may be.
Some collector car dealers here but they've usually got an assignment -- they're buying for somebody that the people that are gonna buy these cars they're gonna.
Taken -- gonna drive them to -- crews and some among go to other museum right there may be a special car and here.
That somebody needs to fill that.
On slot and their collection they've been -- Ryan and Dana thank you so much for your time today -- you guys on the.
Currently -- very nice all right and and of course there's going to be a preview again there tomorrow and big auction on.
What was your first car that you drove that you learned how to drive by a -- learned how to drive pick -- truck.
Total of four -- pick -- truck it probably would have been about as 1960.
Was this deck collapse.
-- -- And you -- mine was I shaggy beast under forget it -- trop as well meaning meaning tropical enough to help because my dad's in the car business and he said that driving a truck would be the easiest to pass the driving test and whatever reasons -- -- backups -- -- -- you look at that rearview mirror again.
There's everything.
I don't Toyota Corolla that I ran into the ground -- -- like fifteen years I drove to Houston when island there and I was that was that and I left it there and I haven't picked it up.
-- You know not all my head and now not how I know I wasn't very good shape after.
The road trips that I had.
But that's for another after the show show exemption.
I had a year though all my time is up tomorrow.
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The photos online are deceptive. We paid for a kitchenette room and was first given a hole in the wall that should be for only 1 person. We were not satisfied with that room and complained and they gave us a bigger room that could not even hold our luggage. The bathroom was barely big enough to move around in... More
- Also Known As:
- Kauai Palms Motel
- Kauai Palms Hotel HI
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
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Animal bites and scratches, even minor ones, can lead to complications. In kids, the majority of animal bites are caused by dogs.
Some bites can become infected, especially those inflicted by cats, due to the type of bacteria in the animal's mouth. Whether the animal is a family pet or a creature from the wild, scratches and bites can carry disease. For example, cat scratch disease, a bacterial infection, can be transmitted by a cat scratch (usually from a kitten) even if the site of the scratch doesn't look infected.
A child whose tetanus shots are not up to date will need a tetanus injection after an animal bite to prevent tetanus infection. Certain animals — such as bats, raccoons, and foxes — can transmit rabies.
If you own a pet, make sure it's properly immunized and licensed.
Reviewed by: Kate M. Cronan, MD Date reviewed: October 2010
For a full list of Rady Children's Programs and Services, click here or call Rady Children's Customer Service and Referral Center at 1-800-788-9029 for more information.


text: This must be easy but for some reason I can't get it to work. I am trying to connect to a MySQL server running on an AWS instance of ubuntu. I checked that the grants for the account specify the machine as '%' and the credentials work from the command line. Port 3306 is open as well. When I try to connect I get an error saying Unable to connect to any of the specified MySQL hosts.Thanks for any help!


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Avail Sunfest! Gr8 Mid-Town Condo w/ Pool – EZ Walk 2 Beach in Ocean City
- bedrooms 2
- baths 2
- sleeps 6
- pool yes
- hot tub no
- pets allowed no
- type Condo
- community Triton's Trumpet
rates (USD)
/ night
$ 700 - $ 1,395 / week
vacation rental description
Comfort & Convenience on Your Vacation
What could be easier than grabbing your Beach chair & good book and walking down to the water's edge? Beach-lovers will adore Triton's Trumpet 102C, a cozy, 2-BR, 2-BA condo by the Bay on 79th Street. Lovingly decorated with plush furnishings & quality bedding, this 1st Floor property is conveniently located just 1.5 Blocks from the Beach. You'll enjoy all the comforts of home on your vacation, including 3 TV/2 DVD/1 VCR, fully-equipped Kitchen, Central A/C, Washer/Dryer & Balcony with a great view of the Outdoor Pool.
Close to Beach, Dining & Activities
Why not go for a swim or take a stroll for a bite to eat? Many popular shops & restaurants are an easy walk away, including South Moon Under, BJ's on the Water, The Hobbit & La Hacienda. Just minutes from OCMD's famous Boardwalk & amusements. Parking for 2 cars. Non-smoking. No pets, please.
property availability
Last modified on 08-20-2013 at 8:43 AM.
email owner view full calendar
Vantage Resort Realty (410) 723-2002
condo rental amenities
Unit Amenities:
- Easy walk to Beach (1.5 Blocks)
- 3 TVs/2 DVDs/1 VCR
- Central A/C
- Fully-equipped Kitchen
- Balcony with view of Pool
- Washer/Dryer
Building Amenities:
- Great Mid-Town location (79th St.)
- Close to Beach, Shops, Restaurants & Activities
- Outdoor Pool
- 2-Car Parking
Bed Sizes:
- Master Bedroom - King
- Bedroom #2 - 2 Twin
- Living Room - Queen Sleep Sofa
Guest Benefits (at no cost to you!):
- Free Starter Amenities (Gourmet Starbucks coffee, dish soap, bath tissue, etc.)
- Free Concierge Service
- Complimentary Business Center
- Sunny Days Guaranteed!
- Free Gym Membership during your stay (Memorial Day-Labor Day)
activities and attractions in Ocean City Maryland
Triton's Trumpet (79th St) is a beautiful, Bay Front community with lovely accommodations & amenities. Located just 1.5 Blocks from the Ocean, this property offers you the best of both worlds: a quiet, Mid-Town setting with all of Ocean City's fun & excitement right at your fingertips. Many great shops, activities & restaurants are within walking distance, including South Moon Under, BJ's on the Water, The Hobbit & La Hacienda. Best of all, you'll be just minutes from the popular OCMD Boardwalk, thrilling amusement rides & world-class golf.
vacation rental rates
12/29/12 - 05/10/13 $140/night............................$700/week (3-night min)
05/11/13 - 06/28/13 $150-$195/night..........$750-$975/week (3-night min)
06/29/13 - 07/05/13 $230/night..........................$1150/week (7-night min)
07/06/13 - 08/09/13 $279/night..........................$1395/week (7-night min)
08/10/13 - 08/30/13 $199-$259/night......$1150-$1295/week (7-night min)
08/31/13 - 09/20/13 $150-$180/night..........$750-$950/week (3-night min)
09/21/13 - 12/28/13 $140/night.............................$700/week (3-night min)
* Rates are subject to change without notice. Pricing excludes taxes, additional options or fees.
* Each reservation will need to sign a Lodging Agreement.
* Each reservation will have 10.5% tax, processing fee and travel guard damage insurance or
refundable security deposit.
* We do business in accordance with federal Fair Housing Law. Equal Housing Opportunity.
* We are licensed REALTORs.
Vantage Resort Realty (410) 723-2002
accepted payment methods
Prior to paying a reservation deposit, always verify payment instructions by calling the phone number displayed on this listing page. By contacting the owner directly and paying by an approved method - credit card, paypal, check or bank transfer - your reservation payment will be protected up to $1,000.
Learn more in our Security CenterTop things to do in Ocean City
- Spend a relaxing day on the Beach.
- Walk the famous OCMD Boardwalk.
- Sample some Eastern Shore cuisine.
- Hunt for bargains at W. Ocean City Outlets.
- Play a round of golf or visit a waterpark.
Vantage Resort Realty , owner


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Home > Girls > T-shirts For Girls > girls-cowgirl-t-shirt
Girl's Cowgirl T-shirt
This cute cowgirl is wearing her favorite pink hat and scarf and riding high on her friendly gray horse. Perfect for girls! This t-shirt can be personalized with your own text! Made of 100% cotton, this fine 1x1 rib knit t-shirt features a more form-fitting cut with cap sleeves--perfect for little girls. Our shirts will shrink an average of one size when put in the dryer. Please choose your sizes accordingly, using our SIZING CHART.
artist: Amy Adele
style: t-shirt
size: t shirt
paper type: heavy
printing method: Digital Direct to Garment
printing method: Digital Direct to Garment
font shown: Tweedledee
font color shown: pastel pink
item code: ts424
(see matching items below for return address printing)
Matching Items
Customer Reviews
very sweet
PROS: Soft
Comments about Girl's Cowgirl T-shirt:
This was a sweet thoughtful and nice gift I thought.[...]
BOTTOM LINE Yes, I would recommend this to a friend.
Pony Party Sucess
PROS: Figure Flattering, Soft, Great Colors, Stylish
BEST USES: Wear to School, Casual Wear
Comments about Girl's Cowgirl T-shirt:
I bought two personalized cowgirl shirts for my girls. I threw them a pony party for their birthdays. The shirts were perfect. My little one got chocolate ice cream cake all over her shirt and to my surprise it came out. I was very pleased with the quality and style of the shirts.
BOTTOM LINE Yes, I would recommend this to a friend.
cute shirt
Comments about Girl's Cowgirl T-shirt:
great fit, cute design, love it
BOTTOM LINE Yes, I would recommend this to a friend.