text:
Sal's old Maclaurin and Taylor series tutorial
Polynomial approximation of functions (part 6) A pattern emerges!
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- Well let's review a little bit everything that
- we've covered so far.
- So what was the Maclaurin Series representation
- of e to the x?
- And once again, you'll have to take my word for it, that the
- Maclaurin Series representation really does equal, when you
- take the infinite series, it really does equal e to the x.
- I mentioned in a previous video that I was thinking
- about the proof.
- And I finally gave up because I couldn't think of the proof.
- And then I looked it up and I realized why I couldn't think
- of the proof, it's quite involved.
- But I will do it eventually.
- Probably after I cover a lot of other things just because it's
- not something that you really have to know to succeed well in
- calculus, or appreciate what we're about to do.
- But I will do it.
- It'll probably take five or six minutes.
- Anyway back to where we were.
- So the Maclaurin Series repetition of e to the x, and
- it actually does equal e to the x, is 1 plus x, plus x squared
- over 2 factorial, plus x to the third over 3 factorial.
- I'm going to do a bunch of terms and you'll see why.
- And x to the fourth over 4 factorial, plus x to the fifth,
- over 5 factorial, plus x to the sixth, over 6 factorial, plus
- x to the seventh over 7 factorial, plus x to the
- eighth over 8 factorial.
- And it just keeps going on and on to infinity, right?
- Only when we take the infinite series does it exactly
- equal e to the x.
- Fair enough.
- Well what was the Maclaurin Series representation
- of cosine of x?
- Well that equaled -- and I'm going to space them out in a
- certain way, and I think you'll see why -- it equalled 1 plus x
- squared over -- oh no, sorry, 1 minus, this is a minus sign,
- let me erase that because I want to make this as
- neat as possible.
- Equal to 1 minus x squared over 2 factorial, right, we learned
- that two videos ago, plus x to the fourth over for 4
- factorial, minus x to the sixth over 6 factorial.
- I think you might already know know where I'm going with this.
- Plus x to the eighth over 8 factorial, and it just kept
- going, the next digit would be a minus out here.
- And it goes to infinity, right?
- For that pattern, you know the pattern.
- And what is sine of x?
- What's the Maclaurin Series representation for sine of x?
- Well, sine of x, it equals x minus x to the third over 3
- factorial, plus x to the fifth over 5 factorial, minus x to
- the seventh over 7 factorial, and it just keeps going.
- You'd have an x to the ninth out here.
- But it goes on for infinity, right?
- These all go on for infinity, but you know the pattern.
- So let's just pause here because this is, I think if you
- understand what's going on, one of the few things in life that
- will truly give you chills.
- It'll truly make you believe that there is a order to the
- universe that we as human beings can only
- catch a glimpse of.
- We have limited minds.
- But we are on the verge, we're scraping the surface, but
- there's something amazing here.
- Cosine of x and sine of x.
- Each of their Maclaurin Series representations, or if you were
- essentially to write them as polynomials, each of them looks
- like it's almost like part of e to the x, right?
- It's almost every other digit.
- And they would be the same except for a
- couple of sign changes.
- Let me make that clear.
- So what if I were to define the function cosine
- of x plus sine of x?
- What would that equal?
- Or what would it's Maclaurin Series representation
- of that be?
- Well, and then we know that it's also equal.
- But it's essentially adding these two rows.
- So it would be 1 plus x, minus squared over 2 factorial,
- minus x to the third over 3 factorial, plus x to the fourth
- over 4 factorial, plus x to the fifth over 5 factorial, minus x
- to the sixth over 6 factorial, minus x to the seventh over 7
- factorial, plus x to the eight over 8 factorial.
- And it just keeps going, right?
- The next one would be a plus, it goes on to infinity.
- Now I think it should be clear to you that something, that the
- goose bumps should be emerging on your arm.
- Because look at this, and look at e to the x.
- What's the difference?
- Well, just a couple of negative signs here and there.
- Let me do it in a slightly brighter color.
- So the only difference between this function and this function
- are these negative signs.
- And I've seen this before, I've learned this before, people for
- hundreds of years have known this.
- But I'll tell you something.
- No one, even though they can prove it mathematically, no one
- really understands why this is.
- Why we take these trigonometric functions that appear, you
- know, when we take the ratios of the sides of a right
- triangle, or the unit circle definition, and you know it's
- useful for, you know, triangle measure, that's trigonometry.
- That's where we came up with this cosine and sine functions.
- And it's related to the circle and all the rest.
- That when you add these two fundamental functions together
- from trigonometry, right?
- Because tangent is really just the ratio of
- the sine to cosine.
- So these are really what trigonometry, this is the
- basis of trigonometry.
- When you add their polynomial representations together, it's
- almost exactly, except for these negative signs, the
- polynomial representation of e to the x.
- And the number e, and first of all, this is an exponent,
- these are no exponents here.
- And e is just completely unrelated, or at least one
- would think from trigonometry.
- Right, e is, we got e from compound interest, you'll
- see that it's related to exponential growth, exponential
- decay, when you have continuous exponential growth and decay,
- continuous compound interest.
- If this number that is in a completely unrelated field of,
- not just mathematics, but really the universe, right?
- Continuous interest vs. the ratios of the sides
- of right triangles.
- So this should already be getting you thinking.
- But what would be even more amazing is if we could somehow
- work with these to make them a little bit more equal.
- Well, the only thing that's different are these
- negative signs, right?
- So do we know anything else in mathematics, in our
- mathematical tool kit, that has this pattern?
- Where it goes positive positive, negative negative,
- positive positive, negative negative?
- It has this essentially the cycle of four.
- Well you might be thinking, and this will even give you larger
- goose bumps, or make your current ones bigger, the number
- i, or the imaginary unit i.
- So what are the powers of i?
- This is a little review.
- If this is completely unfamiliar to you, you should
- re-watch the imaginary numbers video.
- So what are the powers of i?
- Well i to the zero is 1, i to the first is i, i squared is
- negative 1, i to the third power, that's negative 1
- times i, so it's negative i.
- i to the fourth power is i times negative i, so the
- i's become negative 1 and then you have a negative
- there, so it becomes 1.
- And the pattern repeats itself. i to the fifth is i, i to
- the sixth is negative 1.
- We learned this before, but it's just a review.
- i to the seventh is negative i, i to the eighth
- then becomes 1 again.
- So there you have it, this is amazing.
- i has that property where the second two in the cycle of
- four are negative, right?
- We have a negative number here.
- This is not necessarily a negative number, it's a
- negative imaginary number, but we have that negative sign, so
- it looks pretty similar, right?
- Then we have two positives, then we have a negative
- and a negative.
- And something else is interesting going on here.
- Wherever we see the imaginary number, whenever we see an i
- or a negative i, which terms do they correspond to?
- Well they correspond to the terms of sine of x, right?
- It corresponds to that term, negative i corresponds
- to that term.
- i corresponds to that term, negative i corresponds
- to that term.
- So we have something, it seems a little bit even
- more of a pattern.
- But anyway, I just realized I only have -- I have to say I'm
- normally pretty smooth in these videos, but when I start
- talking about what I'm talking about right now, my brain
- starts to go in circles.
- Because this is, I've actually even heard, you know, what
- we're what we're about to touch on, as proof of the
- existence of God.
- And really, that's not that much of an exaggeration.
- It is definitely proof of the existence of some hidden order
- of the universe that we can only catch a glimpse of.
- And maybe you can call that God.
- But anyway, I don't want to get metaphysical on you, but I will
- see you in the next video.
Be specific, and indicate a time in the video:
At 5:31, how is the moon large enough to block the sun? Isn't the sun way larger?
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This is great, I finally understand quadratic functions!
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Milky Way packed with planets
Wednesday, 18 January 2012
StarStuff Podcast A new study claims every star in the Milky Way galaxy is likely to be orbited by at least one planet. Plus: Phobos Grunt spacecraft crashes back to Earth; astronomers discover rare gamma-ray binary star system.
Rare multiple star system discovered
Friday, 13 January 2012
Scientists using NASA's Fermi space telescope have discovered one of the most powerful energy sources in the comsos.
Survey suggests billions of planets in galaxy
Thursday, 12 January 2012
A new study suggests each star in the Milky Way galaxy is most likely orbited by a planet - and there's a good chance that planet is closer in size to Earth, than to Jupiter.
Mars probe to crash back to Earth
Wednesday, 11 January 2012
StarStuff Podcast Russia's crippled Mars probe to crash back to Earth as Soyuz rocket launch fails. Plus: Astronomers compile dark-matter map of the universe; and scientists discover a galaxy at the very dawn of time.
Supernova explosion outshines galaxy
Wednesday, 21 December 2011
StarStuff Podcast White dwarf star causes stellar explosion. Plus: Milky Way's monster black hole may soon become active; and Voyager spacecraft enters unknown region of solar system.
Supercomputer recreates the early cosmos
Friday, 16 December 2011
Scientists using the largest computer simulation of the universe to recreate the web like structure of of an infant universe.
Supernova secrets revealed
Thursday, 15 December 2011
Scientists observing the early moments of a supernova have for the first time confirmed that some are caused by the destruction of white dwarfs.
Christmas flash may have been dying comet
Thursday, 1 December 2011
A burst of gamma-ray radiation detected on 25 December last year, may have come from a comet crashing into a neutron star.
Scientists discover Big Bang's first elements
Wednesday, 16 November 2011
StarStuff Podcast Astronomers detect universe's first atoms. Plus: does the Moon have magnetic memory?; and Russian mission to Mars falls short.
Pristine Big Bang gas found
Friday, 11 November 2011
US scientists have found two interstellar clouds of original gas, which contain only original elements created moments after the universe's birth.
Did a supernova shape our solar system?
Wednesday, 9 November 2011
StarStuff Podcast Scientists answer how our solar system possibly came into being about 4.6 billion years ago. Plus: 400-metre-wide asteroid speeds past Earth, closer than Moon's orbit; and super-massive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way eats entire worlds.
Monster black hole eats worlds
Friday, 4 November 2011
A new study claims a supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy is ripping apart entire worlds on a daily basis.
Law of nature 'not so constant' after all
Wednesday, 2 November 2011
One of the fundamental laws of physics does not appear to be constant throughout the universe and may change depending on where you are, suggest researchers.
Did Earth's water arrive from space?
Thursday, 13 October 2011
StarStuff Podcast Fresh evidence that comets gave Earth its oceans. Plus: astronomers capture new image of interstellar turbulence after 30-year effort; and how a planetary collision put Uranus on its side.
Churning galactic gas revealed
Thursday, 6 October 2011
For the first time astronomers have imaged the gas between the stars, known as the interstellar medium.

subset: commoncrawl


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Home > What's New > Toy Farmer Special Edition
Toy Farmer Special Edition
10 Years of the Vintage 4WD Series
Add to Cart
To coincide with the 10-Year Anniversary of the Vintage 4WD Series of National Farm Toy Show® Tractors, a first-ever special edition of the Toy Farmer magazine.
The Special Edition includes the 10 articles authored for each of the 10 tractors in the Vintage 4WD Series.
Ready to ship now!


text:
That really depends on who plays who. If two players chose to be in the same house, then so be it. But there will probably be more diplomatic inter-family relationships.
Sure I need a reason to take these guys out of their mothball in my CS section
Picture/Description of Sigil:
Name of House: Duneadane
House Words: "Death to the enemies of order and servents of chaos"
Area controlled: http://gameofthrones.wikia.com/wiki/Torrhen%27s_Square
Sworn to: House Stark (Previously House Targaryen before Treaty settled the dispute)
History of House: Originally a city state the house of Duneadane were prized warriors of the region and it's past lord Haralo of House Beckenbek before the Targaryens started their conquest. They kept the peace and put down rebellions when needed and proved effective and shrewd traders and diplomats. They grew despise those who love the horrors of war when Beckenbek slaughtered his own soldiers and people for fun. They planned a coup but before it could be let loose The Targaryens killed all of the Beckenbek family and demanded to have all it's houses swear faulty to them. The Duneadane who fought fiercely despite the inherit hatred of their liege and earned the spot of lord of Torrhen's Square. They quickly rebuilt and the King of the North attacked them soon after it was finished. They fought with their new liege lord content with how they ruled as well but were defeated by trickery as a corrupt gate captain opened it for the Starks. The Tagaryens consented to allow the Duneadane's loyalty to be transferred to house Stark as a gift of faith in them and the old ways. The Duneadane have proved loyal as in the past but discontent that their loyalties can be shifted away so easily. None the less they are well respected for their ways and their views as well as their skills in war. They serve the kingdom with all the faith of any other house and seek to uphold peace at all costs.
Characteristics of House: The Duneadane are normally born with black hair and brown eyes with strong features in men and willful women. They are known to be inheritly good warriors and tacticians especially in forests and by sea. They are trained to be calm and respectful and not let their heads get in the way of their choices. They don't normally march to war unless it's a good reason and prefer to keep order in their own house. They despise anarchy and chaos due to their roots as woodland rangers or guards for their liege before raising to lordship. They are excellent swordsman and fight with bastard swords (hand and half swords) and shields preferably and have not many archers. They take a moment of silence every battle to mourn the loss of enemy and friend alike for the fallen are no longer enemies.
Notable members:
- Lord Paul Duneadane - Current head of House Duneadane and wields a bastard black sword (The handle, cross guard, and blade were dyed or painted black and has a Onyx Pommel) by the name of Order that was passed down from the start of their line and its origins are unknown only that it's made of Valyrian steel. He is known for his divisive strategies and policies as well as governing his hold faithfully and well. He has a respect for both the Houses his has served. He is a tall man with short flat military style black hair and dark brown eyes standing at six feet two inches tall and weighs 225 lbs. He dislikes archery and is known for being indifferent in politics saying what he thinks and bluntly saying what he believes is the best course. He is unmarried and has no heirs yet and is aged at twenty nine. Though still young at age 29 he is fairly wise and tries his best to honor his house. He is the only child of Lord Grendel and his mother Lady Seyria and has only two cousins Rexal and Sarenal. Both his parents are dead and thus he is the currently unopposed for his leadership role.
- Ser Saxon Jeros - 'The Knight of the Sea' - A knight of the Duneadane house and is known as the "Sea's Bane" by many people as he is an accomplished naval commander fighting off bandits who attacked his lord's hold. He carries a spear into battle and has short blond hair and blue eyes. He was originally a squire to Paul before becoming a Knight after exemplarily combat skills in tournements and bandit fights. His skills are known as once in a life time when it comes to combat however he dislikes politics and stays far away from them as he can. He is an extremely loyal man almost getting himself killed to save his squad in an ambush near the wall when they were making a trip to give them more men. He has served faithfully as commander of all Duneadane forces and as the head of the Jeros House which is a sub house to the Duneadane. He is age 33 and stands at 5 foot eleven inches tall and weighs 232 lbs. He is a good dancer and ladies love his poems some call him a womanizer. The reason he was placed as a squire to a younger man was because he kept pleading to be able to show his worth and thus gained a strong freindship with his new lord.
- Maester Kindal Henerhar - Very little is known about Kindal's past but it's assumed he grew up in the free cities and learned to become a maestar out of desperation. He was originally a merchant who had little luck supposedly as his story goes and has served three generations of House Duneadane. He is presumed to know magic and pyromancy but its unconfirmed if he does or not and he rivals the grand maester of House Targaryen in skill. He is quite and gives his council only when he thinks its best. Many are suspicious of him and he worships no gods saying that "A world as cruel as this has no gods." He stands at 5 feet six inches and has a long white beard and silver eyes his age is 68 years old. He is highly intelligent but ugly and wizened. However despite his old age he only barely uses his walking stick to move along. He is an exceptionally good politician but his days are of youth are long behind him and refuses to go near a battlefield unless his young lord is also going in which he always accomponies him.
Character portraits
"Will I stop fighting and be the destroyer Or continue to fight and be the savior I think I'm finally beginning to understand what your question meant." - Amuro Ray, Zeta Gundam
The house words could use a bit of trimming - the other houses have quite short phrases ("Winter is Coming", "Ours Is The Fury", "Hear Me Roar!"). Maybe "Order Above All"? Order Through Loyalty?
I am now tempted to bring in a Greyjoy.
Because the Ironborn are just awesome like that.
That or House Tarly....or Reyne.
Assuming the Reynes would still be around.
Very well I'll trim it down when we make the OOC.
"Will I stop fighting and be the destroyer Or continue to fight and be the savior I think I'm finally beginning to understand what your question meant." - Amuro Ray, Zeta Gundam
I feel the need to point this out.
How the hell is Saxon a Naval Commander when the North has literally NO Navy?
And, considering he's been in service to Torrhen's Square, there's not even a harbor....wat?
He just seems to be Jaime Lannister + Naval prowess to me. Once in a Liftetime skills and all that.
Sheesh, what a Mary Sue.
Not to mention Torrhen's Square is named after the guy who pledged allegiance to the Targaryens.
So it wouldn't be named that while the Kings in The North were still around....
Last edited by Sloth; 01-05-2013 at 06:25 PM.
It has got me working on ideas for my own House/noble family though... heh.
Saxon's real powess lay in his singular combat and high amount of experience. He uses a spear not a sword and thus he can't fend off multiple enemies at a time without basically using the thing like a staff and since he has no skill using swords he is screwed when he is fighting more than one or two people at a time. His bane is also women he's a womanizer and it is complusive meaning he could get screwed politically since he has no area there Sloth. Paul is the ruler an overall average fighter and politician but nothing compared to his followers. He's based off Ieyasu Tokugawa who relied on Tadakatsu Honda in battle in battle. Likewise I already pointed out Jeros is only capable of fighting he is a warrior and is likely to make the situation worse if he is taken out of his comfort zone. Hanehar is about as combat capable as a new born he is too old to fight and has spent his entire life studying politics and how to serve his monsters. Each one is a different area in particular to fit the needs of the house. Without one it would be like a house crumbling in on itself a triangle. Paul inspires the men, Jeros leads them, and Hanehar deals with whatever politics Paul can't do without assistance.
As for the land itself there is what I assume is a lake nearby that leads out to sea it is not hard to imagine Paul's father sent Jeros out to help other lords fight when needed. As for the name the Duneadane, which are a custom family, was once under the Targaryens I'm sure I put that somewhere in there and later switched to the Starks if that is not acceptable to the GM for story reasons I will change it Sloth but you are not the at the moment and neither am I so neither of us have any say in the matter of what is or is not acceptable.
Last edited by VanceXentan; 01-05-2013 at 07:08 PM.
"Will I stop fighting and be the destroyer Or continue to fight and be the savior I think I'm finally beginning to understand what your question meant." - Amuro Ray, Zeta Gundam


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COLORADO SPRINGS, COLO. -- Court documents are released revealing what led up to a Fountain police officer's arrest.
Daniel Barkus, 33, has been an officer with the Fountain Police Department since November 2012.
Early Wednesday morning Barkus was arrested on a felony stalking charge.
According to his arrest affidavit Barkus found out Tuesday night that his ex-girlfriend and her new boyfriend planned on getting married.
Barkus and his ex had been in an on and off again dating relationship which she ended in December 2012.
Court papers say Tuesday night after hearing the new Barkus told his ex he was going to "go up there and kill him."
The couple lives on a mining claim off Crystal Park Road.
Barkus' arrest affidavit says his ex told deputies after making the threat Barkus became angry and was visibly shaking.
According to the documents Barkus told his ex he was on his way to their campsite. She followed him and warned her boyfriend who armed himself with a gun.
Barkus left but came back a second time, which is when authorities were called.
Deputies later found Barkus in his car just below the gate on Crystal Park Road.
A search of his car revealed a .40 caliber handgun under his seat.
Barkus posted a $2,000 bond and is on administrative leave with pay.


text:
The Clearwater CNX features a webbing upper with traditional KEEN sandal style. The bungee lace allows for customized fit. Multi-directional flex grooves on the low-profile sole enhance the natural flexibility of the foot and improve ground contact while razor siping provides advanced traction on slick surfaces. The contoured arch supports the foot.
Item No. 3130276


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(Flatback with NO HOLE)
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`dragonfly-oli is fast becoming one of the most well known Still Life Photographers on deviantART. Whilst she has only been here for 2 years her artwork has certainly made its mark on the community. Here she shares a bit of insight into what she does and why.
Tell us about your style...
I do really like close-ups, as you can see in my other shots. So I tend to take pictures of little objects. All in all I do really like to do conceptual shots, because I cannot implement my ideas in nature photography.
What are the trials and tribulations of Still Life Photography in your opinion?
Well, it's easier than taking pictures of people or nature! It's a challenge to search for the right object to make a conceptual piece out of it. The light and composition are essential for a good photo here, because people look for the message and the technique in general.
Merits are that you can try it at home! You don't have to pay that much attention to the weather, if you have got a big window nearby that's your place to take pictures! Especially if you do close-up-still-life photography, you can also choose the background easily by taking scarfs or anything else like here...
Are there any artists on deviantART who inspire you in terms of still life photography?
Yes, I do really like *Orwald and =lieveheersbeestje. These two deviants were very inspiring for me when I joined deviantART. *Orwald's food pictures and =lieveheersbeestje's bottles, keys and other still lifes are full of magic. I adore their sharpness, their use of colors and the concept behind their pictures.
Are there any groups you could recommend for Still Life Photographers?
Well, I do not know a group that particularly focuses on Still Life photography. Almost every photography group has a "Still Life"-section in it so I can recommend and
What advice do you have for those starting out in Still Life Photography?
Just try it. Look at artists that inspire you, listen to music you like, and start it. Do you have a little Playmobil figure? Right! Try it. It does not have to be the best picture you have ever taken, but it is a beginning. You will become better when you always remember this: Learning is by doing!


text:
Illinois Farm Bureau votes to oppose RICL project
Farm Bureau has been aggressively engaged while working on a project which is proposed to run right through northern Bureau County, affecting a large number of landowners, our members. For the past few years representatives have actively attended both public and private meetings to stay in the know about the proposed project.
For those of you who may not be aware, this proposed Rock Island Clean Line Energy project would consist of approximately 500 miles of overhead, high-voltage direct current transmission lines, transmitting up to 3,500 megawatts of wind energy from Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota and Minnesota and terminating at a conversion station in Grundy County, Ill.
According to its website, www.rockislandcleanline.com, the project is owned by Clean Line Energy, which is a private company founded by Michael Skelly, who led the development efforts at Horizon Wind Energy. The company develops high voltage, long-haul transmission lines connecting the best renewable resources in North American to communities that need power.
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'Whether we are eligible' for bankruptcy 'or not, the city has got to get out from under the swaps,' Bill Nowling, Emergency Manager Kevyn Orr's spokesman, said in an interview. (David Coates / The Detroit News)
Detroit�s harrowing financial situation is real, experts testified Thursday in the eligibility phase of the city�s historic bankruptcy case, despite repeated objections from union lawyers.
And it won�t get much better if a deal to raise $350 million in debtor-in-possession financing � unanimously rejected by a skeptical City Council vowing to offer an alternative as early as today � doesn�t get done to replenish the city�s meager cash flow.
The proposed transaction with Barclays PLC, a London-based multinational lender, would use $230 million of the financing to terminate interest rate obligations on pension debt, or �swaps,� owed to UBS and Bank of America Merrill Lynch. The remaining $120 million would be invested in city operations, combined with another $120 million in casino revenue released once the swaps are eliminated.
Complicated? Yes. But the package, not easy to secure for the largest city in American history to file Chapter 9, is vital to operating the city during bankruptcy and making progress on Emergency Manager Kevyn Orr�s goal to improve services for long-suffering residents.
�Whether we are eligible� for bankruptcy �or not, the city has got to get out from under the swaps,� Orr�s spokesman, Bill Nowling, said in an interview. �If this bollixes up the deal, this completely blows out the cash-flow projections for the city. These actions have consequences that are very real for the viability of the city.�
Consequences or not, the proposal hits the usual hot buttons of Detroit politics, almost all of which guarantee vigorous push-back: It would pay �the banks� before other creditors; it would pay them more; it would be �risky,� as one council member put it, as if a bankrupt Detroit with miserable credit ratings and an abysmal record of financial management has many options.
It doesn�t. If not for Kwame Kilpatrick�s savvy $1.44 billion pension obligation certificates deal and the swap morass it created, Orr wouldn�t be pushing a deal to unwind the swaps and raise cash. And the city might not have been forced to seek protection in Chapter 9 bankruptcy.
�The city was operating on a razor�s edge,� Kenneth Buckfire, co-founder of the investment banking firm Miller Buckfire & Co. and head of the city�s restructuring team, testified before U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Steven Rhodes. �I knew we had a continuing problem with the swap banks.� The city �was continuing to stretch out payments wherever possible to preserve cash.�
Last May, he said, Ernst & Young LLP produced a 12-month cash-flow projection �that indicated to me that the city�s cash-flow projection was worse than it anticipated,� a prospect that increased the likelihood the swaps could trigger a third default by the city if its treasury failed to pay.
�The city had no more cash,� Buckfire said. �It was erratic,� chiefly because Detroit�s most consistent source of revenue � casino taxes � was imperiled by the onerous swap agreements. �At any moment it could run out of cash.�
In multiple instances Thursday, lawyers representing the city�s public-sector unions and its pension funds objected to questions of city consultants asking how they reached their assessments of the city�s cash-flow shortfalls and under-funded pension funds.
The goal? Presumably to show the central contention of Detroit�s claimed insolvency and pension liabilities are merely a matter of opinion, that Orr and his team did not and never intended to bargain in good faith, that the city refused to explore other ways to raise cash � even though it has and is, witness the Christie�s Auction House appraisal of the Detroit Institute of Arts� most valued works.
Never mind that a concerted effort to sell the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department to interested private equity investors, as Buckfire confirmed in testimony, would have elicited a firestorm of criticism from Detroiters, the city�s political class and suburban customers alike. Imagine Wall Street vultures sinking their talons into a Detroit �jewel,� a precursor to raising rates significantly for 4 million customers.
Never mind that forcing liquidation of a portion of the DIA�s city-owned collection as part of a pre-bankruptcy restructuring would have alienated donors and peer institutions, gutted the DIA�s tri-county funding model, invited another massive legal battle and accelerated the closure of one of the state�s most valuable cultural touchstones.
Never mind that the city�s other widely touted �assets� � Coleman A. Young Airport, Joe Louis Arena, a random assortment of publicly owned art, vehicles, smaller parks and parcels � would net comparatively little compared to the nearly $12 billion in various kinds of debt owed to creditors, including pensioners.
By this logic, Orr and his team apparently should have bargained with themselves, the citizenry, elected officials and predatory investors, to name just a few potential partners, as a precondition to demonstrating the right to seek protection in Chapter 9.
It doesn�t work that way, unless the goal is destroying the city and its future to save it for a relative few.
(313) 222-2106
Daniel Howes� column runs Tuesday, Thursday and Friday.
See Also
More Daniel Howes
- GM's Dan Akerson: The change agent
- Science center: An experiment gone right
- Bing 'made it safe again' to invest in Detroit
- Auto research, development a new battleground for jobs
- Team player to drive GM's future
- Don't count on Team Snyder to aid in Detroit pension rescue
- GM brands may go further in Europe without Chevy


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Hi there,
three snippets of information in these two articles
Diageo thinks of building another distillery
Pernod Ricard thinks in the same way.
Glen Keith will be reopend next year and there is no mentioning of Imperial
Of the latter I thought it was the last PR distillery not yet revived and the unlikliest to reopen.
But in boom times it could have had a chance... if it costs not more to reopen it than building
a new one from scratch.
Has it been sold in the meantime was it demolished?
http://www.heraldscotland.com/business/ ... y.16785490
http://www.scotsman.com/business/chivas ... _1_2130128
PS http://www.heraldscotland.com/mobile/bu ... s.16700940


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Business Blog Articles By Tags
Sustainable Business
- Happy Holidays from Renewable Choice and Mosaic Labs! (12/09/2013)
- Green Power Partnership Publishes its Top Partners Lists (11/15/2013)
- New York State to Open Green Bank (10/31/2013)
- The Rising Current of Green Gyms Around the World (07/23/2013)
- CDP Supply Chain Program Deadline Approaches (07/12/2013)
LEED Green Building
Industry News
- Renewable Energy Finance Tactic Changes the Game (12/04/2013)
- We Are Thankful 2013 (11/18/2013)
- The Little Engines That Could: How Grassroots Stopped Oil & Gas Encroachment in Colorado (11/13/2013)
- Carbon-Neutral Energy Attainable Through Gasification System (11/06/2013)
- EPA Expands Green Power Partnership Program (10/17/2013)
- Climate Change Comes Home (10/21/2013)
- 3 Apps to Help You Use Less Energy in Your Home (10/15/2013)
- How to Ride 4700 Miles on a Bamboo Bike without Flipping on a Light Switch (08/26/2013)
- The Connection between Climate and Waste (08/01/2013)
- Economics of Sustainability White Paper Delivers (07/25/2013)
Tags: video
Happy Earth Day from Biz Markie
by Heather Philipp on 04/22/2010
Tags: Biz Markie, Clean Energy, Earth Day, RePower America, Video
Watch the Earth Day video team-up between Biz Markie and RePower America here.
Here's the freshest message we saw on the interwebs today: Biz Markie rapping about America's need for clean energy. Thanks RePower America for this innovation and the salute to two... [more]
Renewable Choice Sustainability Search Story
by Heather Philipp on 04/19/2010
Tags: business sustainability, renewaable choice, sustainability, video
Let Renewable Choice help you meet your sustainability goals with a free consultation today.
Search no further. When it comes to making your business more sustainable, Renewable Choice has the products and services to help you do it, and very well. With thousands of clients... [more]
October Choice Insight Newsletter
by Jen Biederman on 10/15/2008
Tags: ABC News, Fall, Jax, Newsletter, October, Video, Why Wind
You're a Leader! Wind Power Newsletter From Renewable Choice.
Dear Renewable Choice Customer, Your support of renewable energy is an important step in this nation's path to freedom from fossil fuels. In fact, we believe that the choice... [more]
Showing 1 - 3 of 3 Articles | Page 1 of 1
< Previous 1 Next >


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New K-Ci And JoJo Album: One Half Of Dynamic Duo Reveals Details Of 'My Brother's Keeper' And Jodeci Reunion Details
- Post 16 September 2013
- By The Huffington Post
- Hits: 1440
Five years since releasing their last studio effort, "Love," K-Ci And JoJo return to the music scene with their latest offering, "My Brother's Keeper." Featuring the new lead single, "Knock It Off," the platinum-selling duo decided to tap into their signature of romantic story-telling for the 12-track opus, which is set to hit stores on September 30.
During an interview with the Huffington Post, K-Ci Hailey opened on recording the project and revealed details on a possible reunion with Jodeci.
What can fans expect from your new album, "My Brother's Keeper."
Basically, everyone can expect K-Ci & JoJo to pick up where we left off. Good feeling music. We got a couple of baby makers on there. But it's good man. We're excited.
In terms of production, did you work with any outside producers?
Nah, we didn't. This is all just K-Ci & JoJo. We used our own camp of producers. We could've got anybody to produce on it, but we gave brothers a shot this time. You don't have to use the Teddy Rileys, the DeVantes, the Babyfaces, and all those top names. There's cats out there that's waiting for a chance, and got heat. So we were like come on in.
A lot has changed in music since your last album in 2008. Were you guys concerned with adjusting to the current R&B scene?
Nah, not really. We don't really listen to the radio often. Can't knock what they're doing, but we're not worried. If it's not broke, don't fix it. So we just stuck to what we do.
What inspired the concept for your latest video, "Knock It Off"?
It's like a 40s theme. More like a "Harlem Nights." We just took it back and got our grown and sexy on, so people can relate to it. We just wanted to make something not too complicated, but just enough for people to go; "I like that, I like that." It's one of the best videos, by far, that I think we've done.
In addition to your new music, other artists have taken notice as well. More specifically, Drake and his track "Jodeci's Back." What were your thoughts when you first heard the song?
When I first heard that I bugged out. I was like, "whoa!" But it was a big honor from Drake. He's one of the hottest cats right now in hip hop. And what Drake did, he gave us a boost. Because he got an audience, I'm pretty sure, who don't know about Jodeci. Their parents do, but they don't. That was big lookout from Drake.
Can fans expect a Jodeci reunion album in the future?
We are not getting back together, simple reason is we never broke up. [Laughs] We have a vault of CDs that we could just put out at any moment. But just like when Jodeci first came out, nobody expected that. And we're just going to keep it that way. But for now, with the love from Dalvin and DeVante, they're pushing me and Jojo. They're like "do what you gotta do," DeVante said; "I'm going to let y'all know when I'm ready. But y'all continue doing what y'all doing." And actually, we're in the studio right now. We record new Jodeci material every chance we get... So we're just waiting on DeVante's call.
Are there any plans to reconnect with Puffy, musically?
You never know, you never know. When it comes down to production for Jodeci, we leave that in the hands of DeVante himself. Just tell us what to sing. We all have input, but we leave that production part on him. He can have that job. I couldn't handle it.
"My Brother's Keeper" hits stores and digital retailers on September 30.


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List Price: $18.98
Your Price: $5.85-
Rock Is Back. After 22 million records sold in the US and a three year hiatus, Kid Rock is back with the brand new album Rock N Roll Jesus. Kid Rock hustled in the Detroit underground for over ten years before he burst into the mainstream in 1999 with the timeless rock anthem "Bawitdaba." Other hits like "Cowboy" and "American Bad A**" followed while ballads like his "Picture" duet with Sheryl Crow and "Only God Knows Why" helped to propel him forward as one of the greatest artists of our time. His latest offering Rock N Roll Jesus is no exception, running the gamut from Hard Rock to Hip Hop to Country and Soul. Of the album, which Rock co-produced with Rob Cavallo (Green Day, Goo Goo Dolls, My Chemical Romance), he says: "I am proud of


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A sixteen-year-old and seventeen-year-old became lost after climbing too high near Bridal Veil Falls when it became dark.
The Utah County Sheriff's Office responded at about 9:30 p.m. Monday.
Sgt. Spencer Cannon said it took a technical rescue team to get the hikers down, which took several hours.
He said they were in no immediate danger, but were extremely cold.


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OptiPhase SuperMix has been specially formulated for use with microtitration plates. It mixes easily with a wide variety of aqueous solutes and has a very high uptake capacity thus allowing minimum cocktail to be used and reducing disposal problems.
Request info
Write a review
Sharing your experience will help scientists like you. Achieve Reviewer Status and Win an iPad 3 (All reviews published will be entered into the next drawing on January 30th 2014).


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There are no items in your cart at this time.
ORDER TODAY AND RECEIVE FREE DELIVERY BY CHRISTMAS (Click for details)
Select your desired product options and we will notify you when it is back in stock.
The Indigo by Clarks Heath Woodlark is a stylish women's leather shootie from Clarks Indigo™ with everything you want in a shoe this season: rich leather, antiqued hardware details, great blocky heel. A mini side zip and four hidden gores add convenience and comfort. Wear it to work, then take it along on rustic weekends in the country.
Indigo by Clarks Heath Woodlark Brown Oily Leather Women's Shoe
Features include:


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Michigan Supreme Court justices decide to keep Robert Young Jr. as chief justice
Young has been justice since 1999
Robert Young Jr. is keeping his job as chief justice of the Michigan Supreme Court.
The court said Thursday that justices unanimously chose Young. The work stretches beyond the Supreme Court. As chief justice, Young also works closely with the state agency that oversees the Michigan court system.
READ: Michigan Supreme Court announcement on Young
He says the state this year will begin posting information online about the performance of the courts, especially in serving the public.
Young has been a Supreme Court justice since 1999. He was elected chief justice in 2011 after Republicans regained control of the court in the 2010 election.
- Ford investing more than $773M across SE Michigan
- Snyder signs several tax bills
- Chevy to build next generation Camaro in Michigan
- Why America's unions are losing power
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Citizens of Humanity
Skyler Boyfriend Crop
Established in 2003, CITIZENS OF HUMANITY has charmed the fashion world with a rigorous commitment to cutting edge denim styling, supreme comfort and fit without compromise. CITIZENS OF HUMANITY designs, markets and produces over one million pairs of jeans annually in their own off site laundries. Each piece of CITIZENS OF HUMANITY is unique and handcrafted to perfection.
- Wash - Summit
- 26" Inseam
- 8.75" Rise
- 89% cotton 11% poly
- 15.5" in the knee narrows to 13" at the leg opening
- Whiskering along front pockets
- Fading along front of pant and back pockets
- Slightly distressed edges
- Buttoned fly
- This item is not available for international export
- Styled with Vince Camuto Graysen Bootie in Toast.
- Styled with gorjana Teagan Ring in Gold.
- Styled with House of Harlow Band Ring in Gold/Tiger's Eye.
- Styled with House of Harlow Safety Pin Stack Bracelet in Gold.
- Modeled in size 27. See fit guide for model's dimensions.
- Revolve Style No. CITI-WJ1036
- Manufacturer Style No. 1489-876
- Can't find your size? Place a special order inquiry for this item.


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"He + She" The Ceramics of Sergei Isupov
Filed under: Art
You can't just look casually at Sergei Isupov's stoneware ceramics at his show at the Barry Friedman Ltd. Gallery in Chelsea. They are spellbinding. In fact, they are so cryptic, so dreamlike, so unlike anything you have ever seen, you feel compelled to keep staring.


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Delta Video: Dryden Bath Collection
Delta Dryden Bath Collection Overview
This product has additional required/recommended options. To configure, add to your cart.
Rough In Valve Required
Product Features:
- Made in the U.S.A. (Manufacturing plants: Greensburg, Indiana; Jackson, Tennessee)
- Fully covered under Delta's limited lifetime warranty
- Superior finishing process - trim finish covered under lifetime warranty
- The clean, geometric lines of the Dryden line are reminiscent of the Art Deco period of the 1920's and 30's
- The Dryden collection offers a full complement of coordinating products to create the perfect look
- Dual function cartridge - separate volume and temperature controls
- Monitor pressure balancing valve cartridge with scald guard
- ADA Compliant
- Extra secure mounting assembly
- All necessary mounting hardware included
- R10000 rough-in valve sold separately (when adding to cart, valve will be offered)
Product Technologies:
- Independent Volume Control: Dual-control valve trims are what separate Delta showers from the competition. The top, smaller handle controls temperature, while the bottom, larger dial controls the water volume (flow rate). The distinct advantage to this is that you can set the temperature control to a temperature you like, and then leave it, turning the shower on and off each time with the volume control. You'll never have to fuss with the temperature again.
- Monitor: Delta Monitor showers feature pressure balance valve cartridges, which protect against sudden temperature or pressure changes to keep the water in the shower within a safe +/- 3°F. Monitor valves also feature a high-temperature limit stop that can be adjusted to suit your shower needs.
- MultiChoice Valve: Flexibility is the big benefit of the MultiChoice Universal Valve. Once the MultiChoice rough is installed, future shower function upgrades or style changes can easily be made without altering the plumbing behind the wall.
Valve Trim Specifications:
- 120-degree swing temperature dial
- Independent volume control
- Temperature control includes pre-set safety stop with override
- Escutcheon (trim plate) diameter: 7"
- MultiChoice rough-in valve sold separately (when adding to cart, valve will be offered)
- Designed for use with standard 1/2" or 3/4" U.S. plumbing connections
- T17051: this model
- T14051: This model without Independent Volume Control technology
- T17T051: this model + TempAssure technology
About Delta:
Delta is more than just a brand of kitchen and bathroom faucets. It's a name that represents what's possible in today's plumbing technologies. Every kitchen and bathroom in every home is unique, and with a wide range of pricing and features, Delta faucets and fixtures can meet every need.
Delta is driven by its quest for innovation—and this applies to its kitchen and bathroom faucets and fixtures. From Touch2O technology (which turns the faucet on and off with just a touch) and MagnaTite technology (which eliminates droopy pull-down spray heads), to H2Okinetic showers (for a warmer and more luxurious shower experience), your life is simplified through innovations. And if you're searching for a product to offer an eye-catching focal point, while providing durability and reliability for a lifetime, look no further than Delta.
From extremely affordable and reliable faucets to fully loaded fixtures featuring today's leading technologies, Delta has a faucet for everyone.
Additional Delta Links
- View Manufacturer Warranty
- Shop All Delta Products
- Shop All Delta Dryden Collection Products
Our SKU: Delta T17051
This product is listed under the following manufacturer number(s):
- Delta T17051-PT*
Aged Pewter - Delta T17051-CZ
Champagne Bronze - Delta T17051
Chrome - Delta T17051-SS
Stainless Steel - Delta T17051-RB
Venetian Bronze
*Denotes a finish or option that has been discontinued
Product Specifications
Installation Guide | |
Parts Breakdown | |
Specification Sheet | |
ADA | Yes |
Country Of Origin | USA |
Delta Monitor | Yes |
Escutcheon Included | Yes |
Faucet Type | Shower Faucet |
Handle Material | Metal |
Handle Style | Lever |
Handles Included | Yes |
Made in America | Yes |
Number Of Handles | 2 |
Pressure Balanced | Yes |
Product Weight | 2.2 |
Scald Guard | No |
Theme | Art Deco |
Valve Included | No |
Volume Control | Yes |


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Any idea how the "suggestion" button works? It sounds a great idea but doesn't actually do anything.
Any idea how the "suggestion" button works? It sounds a great idea but doesn't actually do anything.
Highlight a word and then go to the copy/paste part it's in there.
Isn't it spelling suggestions?
I.e. I type in want and it says went sant wand.
Are you retarded?
The button doesn't actually do anything!
That's what happens when I highlight the word and hit suggestion.
Must be holding it in the death grip.
Nope, it's just pish. Suppose O2 were good for something it turns out.
I miss my shortcuts. Hope this improves battery life
My suggestions don't actually work. Do I have to turn it on it the options somewhere?
Love you Sy x
Stupid thing, I shall try and resolve the issue!
5.1.1 is now out
Last edited by DannyR; 07-05-2012 at 19:48.
Downloaded and installed this this evening.
Likewise. Shat bricks when the account message came up, but I don't actually use iCloud so it didn't matter.
Downloaded and installed on both ipadand iPhone. Not seen much difference atm tho
What are you expecting it to do? It's an incremental update to, mostly, resolve a few small bugs that have been affecting the minority of users.


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View the most popular tags overall?
A growing number of once proud, working-class Israeli families are being transformed into the "working poor," as they've failed to keep up with increased taxes as well as rising food and gas prices. Without the assistance of outreach social service organizations such as Meir Panim, the Mirilashvili family might have endured more than one Rosh Hashanah on the streets of Israel. Instead, they are not only regaining their independence but are giving back to the community too.
Rosh Hoshana related web site links


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Google Glass gets better calendar integration
Google Glass now gives you something to write home about. More accurately, it gives you a better way to get home, in Thursday's XE11 Glassware update.
New voice commands that Google has integrated into Glass let you say "OK, Glass, get directions to home," or work, and Glass will pull up directions directly from your location to your house or office. The feature relies on you having named and saved home and work locations in Google Maps.
Voice commands for pulling up your calendar have also improved. You can now tell Glass, "OK, Glass, Google my … Read more


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Survey of Energy Resources 2007
Geothermal Country Notes
Romania's low-enthalpy geothermal potential lies mainly along the western border with Hungary and in the south-central part of the country. Usage of the country's springs has been known since Roman times but it was only during the 1960s that energy-directed exploration began. To date some 230 exploration wells have been drilled, of which 76 have become production wells and six have become injection wells.
The transition to a market economy, together with the run-up to membership of the European Union, have certainly assisted with the development of geothermal energy in Romania but for the full potential of the resource to be realised, access to adequate funding and the latest technology is required.
Currently geothermal heat is used only for direct purposes - there is no use for electricity generation or heat pumps. District heating output represents about 43%; bathing and swimming (including balneology) 28%; greenhouse heating 17%; industrial process heat 9% and fish farming 2%.


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The Health Bulletin is a newsletter with easy-to-read stories about current health issues. Everyone in Philadelphia who wants to stay healthy should read the Health Bulletin.
The Health Bulletin comes out four times a year. We may publish a special edition when there is a disease outbreak in Philadelphia.
Fall 2013 Health Bulletin
- Stop! Don't Treat a Virus with Antibiotics
- Power Outages and Food Safety
- Rake Leaves Safely
The current Health Bulletin is available in these languages:
You can get a paper copy of the Health Bulletin at your local health center and local library.
If you have questions about the Health Bulletin, please call 215-685-6861 or email.
PDPH Health Information Card
You can use this pocket-sized card to list your emergency contacts, medical conditions, blood type, and other important health information. Keep the card in your wallet, purse, or other safe place. You can ask your healthcare provider to help you fill it out.


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Estate Planning With Galuppo & Blechschmidt, APLC
Categories: Company News |
Galuppo & Blechschmidt, APLC is pleased to announce the development of an Estate Planning practice as an integral element of our Firm's services. With over 60 years combined experience, veteran attorneys Joseph Petrucelli and Robert J. Berton of Galuppo & Blechschmidt, APLC, lead the Estate Planning group, assisting our clients with the preparation of documents such as Wills, Trusts, Powers of Attorney, Advanced Health Care Directives, Property Agreements, Deeds, etc. so as to create the best plan to achieve the goals of our client.


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A simple design sleek features make this swivel chair a versatile and comfortable addition to a living room collection.
For any pricing related questions, please click on the "Where to Buy?" link at the top of the page to find your nearest dealer.
Distance between Arms: 20 in.
Prices subject to home office audit & correction.


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7 Helen Kob Drive, Braeside Vic 3195
PO Box 1026, Braeside Vic 3195
Ph: 61 3 9587 9244 Fax: 61 3 9587 9344
Charles Pratt
Company Profile:
Finalist - Excellence in Transport and/or Conveying 2009 Winner - Supplier of the Year 2008 Finalist - Innovative Technology in Bulk Handling 2008. For over 27 years, Kinder & Co has been recognised as a leading independent supplier and manufacturer of reliable, innovative and efficient conveyor solutions. Kinder & Co has successfully built an enviable reputation for improving the bulk materials handling industry with innovative products and solutions, delivered with unparalelled levels of customer service and efficiency. Acheiveing AS/NZS ISO 9001, AS/NZS 4801, OHSAS 18001 and AS/NZS ISO 14001 Bureau Veritas certifications for the provision of tailored, engineered solutions for bulk materials handling.
Kinder K, Argonics Engineered Polyurethane, Shandong Huate Magnetic Technology Co Ltd, Luff Industries Ltd, Orangeshield, Vortex Blastair


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By far my favorite is "Sewer Mains and Laterals," with thick, colored-pencil stripes in brown, blue, and yellow showing the locations of different sizes of underground sewer pipes--starting from 6-inch diameters in neighborhoods like mine to the largest mains back then, 24 inches. What I love about the map is the outfalls--at Crabtree Creek north of town and Walnut Creek to the south (safely downstream from the pump that brings drinking water to the city), the colored-pencil stripes simply stop. That's where the sewage goes: into the river.
Those days seem almost absurdly quaint now, but they're not so bygone after all. In 1940, in some of the largest cities in the United States--Boston, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, St. Louis, Kansas City--every drop of whatever you flushed down the toilet was dumped untreated into a nearby harbor, river, or lake. New York City in 1940 treated approximately one quarter of its sewage, and it reached 100 percent only in 1986. Until then, had you visited your Aunt Louise on the Upper West Side, all your business would have flowed directly into the Hudson.
Historians estimate that before indoor plumbing became widespread, the average person used less than 5 gallons of water per day; nowadays a good round (and low) estimate of American at-home water consumption is 100 gallons per day, per person. Some of that gets sprinkled on lawns and a bit washes cars and pets, but overall we use that water either for cleaning ourselves and our dishes and clothes, in which cases it ends up going down the drain, or for drinking, in which cases it ends up going down the toilet. Every day each one of us turns 100 gallons or so of water into sewage. That's a lot of sewage, requiring a lot of treatment--and very little of it is poop.
At least now we do treat it. Though people have been piping sewage for thousands of years, actual sewage treatment is barely a century old. People had to figure out first that human waste was not just noisome but actually unhealthy and then how it was unhealthy before they could begin figuring out what to do with it. Once they did, they got busy in a hurry; you can all but drink most of the water that comes out of Western treatment plants, and most of the biosolids removed during the process are used to fertilize crops and treat soil. The system is not flawless--biosolids sometimes contaminate water; grease clogs cause sewage spills or system failures; heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products build up in biosolids--but overall it works splendidly.
Perhaps the first written sanitation instructions come from the Bible, which, written by and for a nomadic people, takes a small-is-beautiful approach: Deuteronomy urges you to dig a hole and "cover that which cometh from thee." By about 3000 BC, inhabitants of the Orkney Islands had invented toilets: Existing stone hut walls from that period have little niches with holes that drained to underground channels. The sewer historian Jon Schladweiler says that by a thousand years later, civilizations throughout the ancient Mediterranean and Middle East were using pipes to transmit both stormwater and human wastewater away from homes and cities and, usually, into waterways. By about 1500 BC the Cretan palace of Knossos had an actual flush toilet--a seat, a pan, and a slave to pour water to sluice what disposable-diaper companies call "the insult" to a drain in the floor. Cretan techniques for channeling water and wastewater spread throughout Greece, and by the 5th century BC, Athenians were piping wastewater and stormwater to a reservoir outside of town and using it to irrigate crops.
The Romans improved on even that: After considering Rome's many accomplishments, Pliny the Elder called the sewers "the greatest accomplishment of all." (The word "sewer" comes from the Latin exaquare, "to carry away water.") The constant flow of water coming into the city from the aqueducts supplied public fountains and baths, and Romans figured out that public bathwater ought to be changed a couple of times a day. "They built public latrine buildings immediately adjacent to the baths," Schladweiler says, and flushed the latrines by routing the used bathwater under them. The majority of human waste, though, was simply thrown into the streets; aqueduct water was used to wash the streets and sweep that waste into the drains. Because Roman sewers lacked ventilation, the only egress for sewer gas was those same drains and latrines. On the plus side, Romans also invented portable toilets, setting urns by the side of the road near the entrances to the city (vendors would rent you what Schladweiler calls "a modesty cape"). Further, the 1st-century emperor Vespasian had workers collect the contents of urinals, which he then taxed and sold to fullers, tradesmen who cleaned and dyed the Romans' clothing--they had figured out that the ammonia in urine had cleaning powers.


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September is Blood Cancer Awareness Month
Blood Cancers: Leukemia, Lymphoma, Myeloma
Blood cancers affect the blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes. They stop your blood from doing many of its normal tasks such as fighting off infections and preventing serious bleeding.1 There are three main types of blood cancer:
- Leukemia—cancer of the bone marrow and blood
- Lymphoma—cancers that start in the lymph system, mainly the lymph nodes
- Myeloma—cancer of the plasma cells
Blood cancers can affect everyone, even children. In fact, leukemia is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths among those under the age of 20.2
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 100,000 people are diagnosed with a type of blood cancer and more than 50,000 people die from these cancers each year.
In most cases, the actual causes of blood cancers are still unknown; but, a lot of progress has been made in treating people with blood cancers. Survival rates for those who have certain types of blood cancer have doubled, tripled, and even quadrupled in the last 60 years.3
For more information on blood cancers please visit The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society's (LLS) website. LLS is the world's largest voluntary health agency dedicated to blood cancer.


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I just can't believe you caught that! That's some top notch attention to detail, Charla!
Can someone answer a question about half way home for me?
I was bothered about the use of a rocket, cobbled together from burnt wiring and gold alloy. Was there an explanation given on how this rocket would communicate the findings of Colony across interstellar distances? I am wondering if I missed mention of something in orbit that had communications capabilities that the rocket would link up with.
Same here, I assume that Colony had some hand in it, likely even programmed a circuit board for it or something that the people building it didn't know much about except where to install it :/ Damn, damn, Colony.
The gist of my question is how was a rocket, made with scrap parts, expected to travel intersteller distances. Colony traveled with slow seed-ship sub light - or at least that was my understanding of the principle behind the whole corporate expansionist deal. A chemical rocket made of cobbled parts would take eons to alert colony's corp headquarters of what they found - specifically could not broadcast the information as a competing corp might pick it up.
I just think I was missing something because Hugh is so tight on every other detail.
I doesn't have to get thier fast...but it would be many generations of survivors later, so much so that it wouldn't have been an issue to them if the rocket had been launched or not with its initial data. By the time anything came back the survivors could go from stone age to supra-light drive tech - it all comes down to the mechanism of the rockets propulsion and I missed any discussion of that in the course of the book.
Last edited by ThomasCardin; 08-08-2012 at 09:00 PM.


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All exhibitions and events for
18 November 2013
18 November 2013
At the Natural History Museum we have a variety of activities and events that run every day.
Take a self-guided tour in the futuristic Cocoon and explore our insect and plant specimen collections and latest research
Uncover our most extraordinary objects and specimens in the beautifully-designed new Treasures Cadogan Gallery.
Extraordinary images of our planet from international photographers.
Families (all ages)
Skate, enjoy food and drink in the café bar and a spin on the carousel.
Share in the adventures of explorer Alfred Russel Wallace on the Museum's family trail. Pick up a trail at the info desks.
Take a walk along the coast and help us monitor the effects of climate change and invasive species on the UK's seaweeds.
Schools (Key Stage 1)
School event (KS1, 2 and 3): Become a scientist for the day in our hands-on science centre.
10:30 - 11:20, 11:30 - 12:20, 12:30 - 13:20, 13:30 - 14:20
Schools (Key Stage 2)
School event (KS2:Y3-4): Look at how teeth relate to diet in this interactive workshop.
10:30 - 11:20, 11:30 - 12:20, 12:30 - 13:20, 13:30 - 14:20
See hidden treasures such as the giant squid or specimens collected by Charles Darwin.
10:30 - 11:00, 11:30 - 12:00, 12:30 - 13:00
Schools (Key Stage 4)
This interactive film will transport your students back in time to explore the tree of life.
10:30 - 11:20, 11:45 - 12:35, 13:00 - 13:50
Schools (Early Years Foundation)
School event (Reception, KS1): Take up a self-guided Explorer challenge through the Museum.
10:45 - 11:45, 11:45 - 12:45
Schools (Key Stage 2)
School event (KS2: Y3-4): Become a dinosaur scientist for the day using our incredible galleries.
11:30 - 12:30, 12:30 - 13:30
Schools (Early Years Foundation)
School event (Nursery, Reception, KS1). Storytelling with puppets.
11:30, 13:00
See hidden treasures such as the giant squid or specimens collected by Charles Darwin.
13:30 - 14:20
Hear from a Museum scientist about the wonders of parasitoid wasps and how you could spot some in your garden.
14:30 - 15:00
Families (all ages)
Become a scientist for the day in our hands-on science centre. Centre closes at 17:00. Last entry is at 16.30.
Augmented reality brings extinct creatures to life in the studio in our interactive film about evolution.
15:30 - 16:20
This fascinating 15-minute documentary marks key breathroughs in wildlife film-making over the past 100 years.
16:30 - 16:45
Find out about Britain's foremost naturalist and broadcaster featuring some of the best loved clips from his TV series.
16:50 - 17:05
Experience what it's like to be an animal on the African Plain, in the ocean, and at the Arctic and Antarctic Poles.
17:10 - 17:25


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Sony has two new Ultra HD TVs with the same technology of its monster 84-inch 4K LED model. At 65 and 55 inches, Sony CEO's Kaz Hirai said these are going to be their "affordable" 4K TVs. How much affordable is affordable we don't know yet. No price has been announced. The only thing I know is that they look and sound amazing. Read More >>
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"We can never obtain peace in the outer world until we make peace with ourselves."
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I find hope in the darkest of days, and focus in the brightest. I do not judge the universe.
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Our prime purpose in this life is to help others. And if you can't help them, at least don't hurt them.
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The ultimate authority must always rest with the individual's own reason and critical analysis.
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Date: 09/14/2013 to 09/16/2013
Time: all day event
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- D U P L E X - P R O U D L Y P R E S E N T S : DuckTales Remastered (c) Capcom Date : 09-2013 Languages: English Platform : PS3 PSN Genre : Adventure Release Info: DuckTales: Remastered is a hand-crafted, beautiful reimagining of one of the most cherished 8-bit titles of all time. Go back to one of the golden ages of gaming, but now refined with a level of detail that will please the most hardened devoted Disney or retro Capcom fan, alike. Featuring hand-drawn animated sprites, authentic Disney character voices talent and richly painted level backgrounds from the classic cartoon TV series, Scrooge McDuck and family come to life like never before. The gameplay retains the authenticity of its 8-bit predecessor, simple and fun, with slight modifications to improve gameplay flow and design. <br...
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| Bunny Eating Animated PS3 Theme - 12-11-2013 |
| The Last of Us PS3 Theme - 12-07-2013 |
| Batman Arkham City Heavy Rain Dynamic PS3 Theme - 11-02-2013 |
| God Of War 3 (Unofficial V1/V2) PS3 Theme - 10-22-2013 |


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- Adult Adventure
- Some Body Parts
- Tools and Tapers
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- Accessories
- Earlets & Tunnels
- Ear Plugs
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- Captive Bead Rings
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- Organics
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The Titanium RATTLE Straight Barbell is a fun concept. You get all of the vibration without the use of a battery. These are available with 1/4" balls only. They are internally threaded. The slightest movement will cause exciting ripples of pleasure to you. These are a must have to bring your piercing to life.
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You're watching...
Finding the fountain of youth
Destination Health: Dr. Manny gives some secrets to living longer
Jul 25, 2012
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Destination Health: Dr. Manny gives some secrets to living longer
Jul 25, 2012
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Welcome to destination health your guide to wellness everyone wants the secret to living longer including me.
But guess what there is not just one way to prevent -- here are few techniques that could lead to the fountain of you.
Where sun screen applying -- daily will reduce the sun's harmful effects in your skin and make -- -- younger.
Use a product that has -- VAN UBB protection.
That will ensure you're blocking -- both the cancer causing an aging great.
-- and Mediterranean diet consuming vegetables olive oil fish and -- in moderation.
Has been shown to slow and aging mind.
This type of -- is also linked to lower risk of heart disease diabetes and certain cancers.
Exercise your mind to stay -- Doing crossword puzzles reading and catching up with -- will work your brain.
Don't forget to incorporate some physical activity.
Into your day as well reduce stress the breathing exercises yoga and even a change of pace will help.
Keeping your anxiety and -- under control will ward off signs of aging if you're stressed you look and feel much -- Helping you navigate your way to a better health on Dr.
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You're watching...
County refuses to release names of gun permit holders
David Lee Miller reports from Carmel, New York
Jan 3, 2013
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David Lee Miller reports from Carmel, New York
Jan 3, 2013
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There are significant developments now in the showdown over the privacy of gun law abiding owners.
The officials in the State of New York now -- using your request to release the names and addresses.
Of the residents in their town with pistol permits.
After a newspaper published the gun owners' personal information online.
The David Lee Miller is live in Putnam county that's in new York State of New York the town of Carmel.
Whose publishing this information sounded really good morning there.
Morning -- We're talking about a suburban New York newspaper owned by -- called the journal news.
And this controversy has created so much of a stir that now the paper fearing for the safety of -- -- has hired armed security guards.
Now the controversy began last month when the journal news under the -- of information act.
Requested from three counties the names and actresses.
Residents with pistol permits to counties complied.
One county has said no that is Putnam county and that's the county -- from which I'm speaking to you right now.
Putnam county says to release this information would endanger residents the county executive says specifically at risk would be the mania.
Current and retired law enforcement officers who live within the county listen.
We're hearing from retired police officers who have -- in.
There -- you know criminals and put them into -- jail and they're afraid of the retribution.
We have active law enforcement officers to do not want their names -- -- is obviously because it compromises their family's safety.
And interestingly the county executive says residents who do not have pistol permits would also be at risk because now.
The bad guys would be able to find out.
Who they are and where they live that's uninteresting twist what does the newspapers saying about the stated they.
Well Janet -- -- the publisher and the president of the newspaper issued a statement it said no we -- to you now quote.
We believe the law is clear that this public and information is public information and residents of Putnam county are entitled to see it.
She went on to say we're trouble that county officials have apparently switched their position since we first requested the information.
And now the executive director of the new York state committee on open government.
This is a state agency has come out to essentially echoed the position of the paper and says that the information requested must be -- Listen.
-- every unit of government at every one of us is supposed to comply with law.
And in this instance there's a provision actually in the New York State penal law.
Which for years has required the disclosure of the name and address.
Of any licensee.
Who can carry or own or dispose of a firearm.
And during the past few years.
The journal news have had a very difficult time in 2011.
They have to cut about twelve and a half percent of its staff the circulation between 2005.
And 2010.
Dropped about 38%.
The question on the minds of many what will the newspaper do next if in fact Putnam county which is gonna have a news conference in this room a few hours.
Refuses to release the information will the newspaper.
Move on to the next step and that will likely be going to court.
-- all good questions there may go get some answers -- in that press conference David Lee thank you.
David Lee Miller upstate New York -- that Heather has more now.
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Andean Glory of the Sun Lily is a small genus of some 12 species of bulbous plants native of Chile (South America). They have most ornamental bicolored blue, purple or white and purple flowers on graceful stems above grass like leaves. All are easily grown in any rich, well drained soil in a sunny spot throughout the year. During dormancy keep plants rather dry and in winter at a minimum of some 10°C with watering reduced to a minimum. Excellent in a frostfree greenhouse or wintergarden, for their small to medium tall size they can be grown in rather small pots on window sills as well.
Sow small seeds on top of any well drained substrate and cover them slightly with sand. Keep pots in full sun at some 20°C throughout the year and soil always slightly moist from beneath. A temperature drop at night down to some 10°C to 15°C will significantly enhance germination in several species.
20 seeds per package.


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Economic Geography is an internationally peer-reviewed journal, committed to publishing cutting-edge research that makes theoretical advances to the discipline. Our long-standing specialization is to publish the best theoretically-based empirical articles that deepen the understanding of significant economic geography issues around the world. Owned by Clark University since 1925, Economic Geography actively supports scholarly activities of economic geographers. Economic Geography is published quarterly in January, April, July, and October.
Economic Geographies of Brands and Branding
Andy Pike, Pages 317–339 Abstract | Complete Article
The Moral Economy Is a Double-edged Sword: Explaining Farmers' Earnings and Self-exploitation in Community-Supported Agriculture
Ryan E. Galt, Pages 341–365 | Abstract |Complete Article
Cultural Diversity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship: Firm-level Evidence from London
Max Nathan and Neil Lee, Pages 367–394 Abstract | Complete Article
The Energy Hot Potato and Governance of Value Chains: Power, Risk, and Organizational Adjustment in Intermediate Manufacturing Firms
Rachel Ann Mulhall and John R. Bryson, Pages 395–419 Abstract | Complete Article
The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Economic Geography, Edited by Trevor J. Barnes, Jamie Peck and Eric Sheppard
James Faulconbridge, pages 421–423 Read Book Review
Extraordinary Cities: Millennia of Moral Syndrome, World-Systems and City/State Relations, by Peter J. Taylor
Michele Acuto, pages 425–427 Read Book Review
From Recipients to Donors: Emerging Powers and the Changing Development Landscape, by Emma Mawdsley
Susan Roberts, pages 429–430 Read Book Review
Creating a Sustainable Economy: An Institutional and Evolutionary Approach to Environmental Policy, edited by Gerardo Marletto
Franz Huber, pages 431–433 Read Book Review
Economies of Recycling: The Global Transformation of Materials, Values and Social Relations, edited by Catherine Alexander and Joshua Reno
Mary Lawhon, pages 435–436 Read Book Review
2012–2013 Reviewers, pages 437–438
Complete Listing
Annual Contents, Volume 89—2013, pages 439–436
Economic Geographies of Brands and Branding by Andy Pike
Abstract: Brands and branding are an underinvestigated area in economic geography. Despite their pervasive growth as sources and carriers of meaning and value, the economic geographic dimensions of brands and branding lack conceptual clarity and remain undertheorized. This article introduces the idea of geographical associations to provide stronger conceptual and theoretical foundations to explain the importance and role of brands and branding in economic geographies. It then builds on and critically examines the worth of this understanding in an empirical exploration of the Burberry brand and its branding in the luxury fashion business. The argument is that conceiving of the geographical associations constituting the economic geographies of brands and branding explains their role as means of cohering and stabilizing meaning and value in spatial circuits. Concerted attention to brands and branding can broaden the reach of economic geography in its intersections between cultural and political economy.
Key words: brands; branding; geographies; Britishness; Burberry; luxury fashion
Read Article
The Moral Economy Is a Double-edged Sword: Explaining Farmers' Earnings and Self-exploitation in Community-Supported Agriculture by Ryan Galt
Abstract: In this article I develop a political economic understanding of community-supported agriculture (CSA). I first develop the relevance of three concepts—economic rents, self-exploitation, and social embeddedness—to CSA and then introduce a framework that relates CSA farmers' earnings to the average rate of profit, economic rents, and self-exploitation. I then examine qualitative and quantitative data from a study of 54 CSAs in California's Central Valley and surrounding foothills to explain the wide range of farmers' earnings in relation to the characteristics of production of CSAs, the social embeddedness of CSAs, and the farmers' motivations and rationalities. Qualitative data from interviews are used to interpret the results of an ordinary least squares regression analysis showing that (1) farmers' age, number of employees, and type of CSA strongly shape farmers' earnings; (2) the moral economy of CSA cuts both ways economically, allowing for the capture of economic rents but more often resulting in self-exploitation because of farmers' strong sense of obligation to their members; and (3) farmers' motivations are diverse, but tend toward low and moderate instrumentalism, meaning that earning an income is often not a high priority relative to other values. The conclusion recommends the need to recognize alternative rationalities but also to discuss and confront strong self-exploitation in alternative food networks because of the broader political economic context in which they exist.
Key words: agrarian political economy; farmers' earnings; economic rents; self-exploitation; average rate of profit; social embeddedness; community-supported agriculture (CSA)
Cultural Diversity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship: Firm-level Evidence from London, by Max Nathan and Neil Lee
Abstract: A growing body of research is making links between diversity and the economic performance of cities and regions. Most of the underlying mechanisms take place within firms, but only a handful of organization-level studies have been conducted. We contribute to this underexplored literature by using a unique sample of 7,600 firms to investigate links among cultural diversity, innovation, entrepreneurship, and sales strategies in London businesses between 2005 and 2007. London is one of the world's major cities, with a rich cultural diversity that is widely seen as a social and economic asset. Our data allowed us to distinguish owner/partner and wider workforce characteristics, identify migrant/minority-headed firms, and differentiate firms along multiple dimensions. The results, which are robust to most challenges, suggest a small but significant "diversity bonus" for all types of London firms. First, companies with diverse management are more likely to introduce new product innovations than are those with homogeneous "top teams." Second, diversity is particularly important for reaching international markets and serving London's cosmopolitan population. Third, migrant status has positive links to entrepreneurship. Overall, the results provide some support for claims that diversity is an economic asset, as well as a social benefit.
Key words: cultural diversity; innovation; entrepreneurship; management; immigration; economic development; diasporas; cities; London Read Article
The Energy Hot Potato and Governance of Value Chains: Power, Risk, and Organizational Adjustment in Intermediate Manufacturing Firms, by Rachel Ann Mulhall and John R. Bryson
Abstract:Cost competitiveness remains a significant element of firms' advantage in developed economies. Input costs, particularly nonlabor costs, are important factors underlying the competitive position of firms that are competing both domestically and internationally. Energy costs are becoming an increasing threat to the long-term survival of firms because of their more volatile nature. The distinct geographic structure of energy prices combines both international markets and intranational policies and supply structures. It is vital to understand how firms manage the risk that is generated from such a complex input. This article explores the adjustment process of intermediate metal-processing firms in the West Midlands U.K. and their wider supply chain to the energy price risk and its interaction with existing long-term adjustments to the pressure of globalization. Formal and informal relational agreements between customers and suppliers are identified as critical factors in determining the capacity of supplier firms to transfer energy price risks to their customers and to adapt to energy-related pressures.
Key words: manufacturing firms; energy; adaptation; governance of value chains; power; interfirm agreements; risk transfer; cost; West Midlands
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January 2014
The Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Financial literacy in context Gordon L Clark
Accounting for Big-City Growth in Low-Paid Occupations: Immigration and/or Service-Class Consumption
Ian Richard Gordon, Ioannis Kaplanis
From Financialization to Sociospatial Polarization of the City? Evidence from Canada Alan Walks
Creating New Paths? Development of Offshore Wind, Policy Activism, and Peripheral Region Development Stuart Dawley
The Effects of Industrial Clusters on the Poverty Rate Christopher S. Fowler, Rachel Garshick Kleit
Geographies of Securitized Catastrophe Risk and the Implications of Climate Change Leigh Johnson
Local Externalities and Ownership Choices in Foreign Acquisitions by Multinational Enterprises Sergio Mariotti, Lucia Piscitello, Stefano Elia
A Fetish and Fiction of Finance: Unraveling the Subprime Crisis Erica Pani, Nancy Holman