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Fans get a behind-the-scenes look at this irreverent comedy's most outrageous moments, through interviews with creator Seth MacFarlane. watch
Fox has put the cuffs on Murder Police. The animated comedy, which had been picked up for 13 episodes, won't air on the network after all. Instead, producer 20th Century Fox TV plans to shop the show to cable.
Fox has ordered 13 episodes of the new animated comedy Murder Police for next season, the network announced Tuesday. The series, from Family Guy's David A. Goodman and Jason Ruiz, follows a passionate but incompetent detective and his colorful colleagues at the city precinct.read more
Will Sasso, Sean Hayes and Chris Diamantopoulos bring The Boys back to the big screen with plenty of madcap slapstick action. Moe, Larry and Curly are sent out into the world to try to save the orphanage where they grew up.
College Road Trip movie trailer - starring Martin Lawrence, Donny Osmond, Brenda Song, Will Sasso, Raven Symone. Directed by Roger Kumble. Theatrical Release Date: 3/7/2008 Genre: Comedy Rating: G
A lovelorn maniac kills off a fashion model's lovers.
What parents need to know before their kids see College Road Trip.
more Will Sasso Clips & Interviews videos
The Three Stooges are painters and paperhangers with all the tools necessary, including paint and pies, to help them completely wreck a couples' home in true Three Stooges slapstick style. Filmed before a live studio audience.
When a baby girl's godparents become all she has left in the world, they are forced to set aside their differences and find a way to raise her together.
Calling all knuckleheads! From the fiercely funny Farrelly Brothers (There's Something About Mary) comes this contemporary take on the world's most beloved classic comedy trio...The Three Stooges! Left on the doorstep of a nun-conventional orphanage as toddlers, Moe, Larry, and Curly grow up eye-poking, face-slapping and head-clunking their way into adulthood. Now the bumbling trio — pure of heart, but dim of wit — find themselves on a madcap mission to save their childhood home from foreclosure. Can the Stooges survive the modern world, raise the money, and ultimately save the day? Why soitenly!
While contemplating a reunion with his former onscreen partners, aging Stooge Moe Howard flashes back on his career with Shemp, Larry and "Curly."
more Will Sasso Movies videos
Kimmie and her friends attend a seminar by a relationship guru (Molly Shannon); Kimmie uses some of the guru's tips and picks up a guy at a hotel bar. Also available on ABC, iTunes, Amazon Instant Video and VUDU
Al Roker, Josh Gad, Jason Alexander, Nick Cannon, Niecy Nash, and Will Sasso join Jane Lynch for a night of fun and games. Also available on Xfinity
Too depressed to pull off Christmas after a frustrated Mrs. Claus walks out on him, Santa's elves believe a little R&R will help get the big guy back on track. However, instead of taking him on a relaxing holiday, they take him to a place where the concentration of naughty people is off the charts - Vegas.
The criminal (guest voice Will Sasso) who, years ago, shot Joe and left him in a wheelchair, becomes a fugitive. So, Quagmire, Joe and Peter team up to hunt the bad guy down. Also available on Netflix, Amazon Instant Video and VUDU
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Will Sasso is heading back to How I Met Your Mother for Round 2.
The MADtv star is set to reprise his role as... read more
Hey, knuckleheads, want to see Snooki poked in the eyes?
She appears in the first trailer for Peter and Bobby Farrelly's upcoming feature, The Three Stooges. The long-gestating movie, starring Sean Hayes, Will Sasso and Chris Diamantopoulos, is scheduled for release in April and strangely places them in contemporary times as real people, not characters.
Camille Grammer will guest-star on the season finale of CBS' $#*! My Dad Says, portraying a version of herself, TVGuide.com has learned exclusively.
The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills star will play... read more
Cybill Shepherd is a busy woman.
In addition to playing Julie Benz's mother in an upcoming episode of No Ordinary Family, the 60-year-old actress will guest-star on $#*! My Dad Says, TVGuide.com has learned exclusively.
Watch full episodes of $#*! My Dad Says
The Moonlighting star will play... read more
Mad TV vet Will Sasso has signed onto ABC's multicamera comedy pilot Five-Year Plan, says the Reporter.Sasso will play Glen Simon, one in a group of twentysomethings that struggle to figure out the next five years of their lives. His character, recently divorced, decides to relive the time he lost in his 20s, particularly in his experiences with women. Adam Bryant read more
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They were Hollywood's, oh, third or fourth most attractive couple.
She tells Vogue Australia about her favorites. Holistic-healing fun for all!
Keep the sleeves long and the accessories simple.
Veteran models staged a special-edition "tribute" shoot — no nudity required.
From Kim Kardashian to Kate Middleton to Victoria's Secret models, post-baby weight has become a defining part of celebrity motherhood.
As the royal birth approaches, we look back on the most glamorous, talked-about gestations of all time.
Victoria's Secret still dancing around the contract issue.
Supposedly due to her "difficult reputation."
In Touch claims the couple has separated.
And once, when Rose-Marie Swift was mad, she left the model hanging sans makeup.
Christina Ricci, Allison Williams, and Ashley Greene all showed their midsections.
Plus, a model covered in fake tattoos that no one would explain.


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(2012-03-27 05:08)DarkApathy Wrote:(2012-03-25 23:54)DarkApathy Wrote: For those of you that are using ATV2 (maybe it was just me that didn't know), but i stored a lot of pictures on my ATV2 (for a screensaver). I noticed i could only stream live tv at a 576p low bitstream (then slowly progessed to 420p low bitstream). When i deleted all the pictures, I could stream live tv at 720p high bitstream without lag.
Hm. seems to lag after a while and then I have to lower the resolution. Is anyone else having an issue on ATV2? Does remoteCeton store information on ATV2 to cause it to lag (seems to me that by cleaning up space on the ATV2, it runs without lag). Thanks for any input.
not that I know of... going to make some changes before i sleep.
edit: havent spent time to make any changes...
working on android and airplay ios (will require some changes to the interface. aabout 50% done... some things just arent lining up correctly...)
will take a look at vlc again tomorrow... seems to still crash
fix decimal channel numbers


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How to Use Pink Princess Coupons
Pink Princess has a sales section where you'll find wonderful deals on a wide variety of communion dresses, christening gowns, boy tuxedos, boy suits and much more. Free shipping is offered on orders over $29. Register for Pink Princess' email newsletter to receive promo codes, exclusive sales, coupons and secret deals.
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The La Plata Baseball team is getting to play at Busch Stadium again this year vs. O'Fallon Illinois on April 23rd following the Cincinnati Reds and St Louis Cardinals game which starts at 3:00 p.m.
The game this year is on a Saturday.
The Bulldogs play immediately following the game around 6:30 p.m.
The cost of the tickets this year is $25 per ticket.
This ticket is good for both games.
The seats will be in left field, sections 267-272.
When the Cardinals are finished playing you can come down and sit anywhere by the field.
For more information call 660-332-7001.


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text:
biweekly mortgage
A twist on the standard mortgage in which payments are made every other week, as opposed to the traditional payment schedule of once a month.
Definition from Nolo's Plain-English Law Dictionary
An unusual home mortgage arrangement in which the borrower makes payments every two weeks instead of once a month. In a biweekly mortgage you make 26 annual payments of half your monthly mortgage amount, thanks to the number of weeks in a year. So under this arrangement you'd make the equivalent of 13 monthly payments each year instead of 12. The good news is the extra payment reduces the principal that you owe -- thus allowing you to pay off a 30-year mortgage in much less time. Then again, you can normally achieve the same effect by simply adding to the amount that you pay on your monthly mortgage.
Definition provided by Nolo's Plain-English Law Dictionary.
August 19, 2010, 5:27 pm


text:
Short Clips Operation Repo
An Explosive Trip Down Memory Lane
Sonia and Froy reminisce on a fan favorite repo that ended with a broken phone and a busted eye. -
Elvis And The Heart Break Tow
This Elvis impersonator discovers burning love when his classic car gets repossessed. -
Getting Into Trouble With The Mob
A repo turns ugly when the owner gambles his car away to some suspicious characters. -
The Heroes of Repo
Check out how these heroes of towing get the job done. -
Angry Guy Throws Wine in Sonia's Face
Sonia and Ronnie get into it with a wine expert who spends too much on drinks and not his payments. -
Repo Agent Attacked By Construction Equipment
Matt and Carlos are outnumbered and unprotected against these drunk friends. -
Diaper Clad Frat Boys Attack
During a repossession, Sonia and Froy get attacked by a group of young men in diapers. -
Towing "Citizen Pain"
Sonia and Ron take on a mysterious vigilante while trying to repo his ride. -
Bouncer Puts Club Kid in His Place
A bouncer does not take kindly to getting slapped by a club promoter who didn't pay his note. -
Repo Agent Gets Shot with an Arrow
A pro archer and his manager wife tangle with Froy and Sonia when they try to repo some exercise equipment. -
Armed Father Caught Cheating
In the middle of the night, armed father is caught with his sons girlfriend during truck repossession. -
Con Artist and His Bikini Babe
Froy and Matt repossess a trailer from a scam artist who is selling "mood enhancing" drinks. -
Stunt Man on the Run
Ronnie and Matt try to repossess a motocross bike, but the fearless stuntman escapes into the desert. -
Greaser Pulls a Knife Out
This mechanic really needs some lessons in anger management. -
Packing Meat
Ronnie and Matt are tempted by a bribe of expensive steaks. -
Sweet Sixteen Surprise Ruined
Froy and Sonia have to deal with a bratty young woman used to having everything she wants. -
Aggressive Taxidermist
A weird taxidermist gets upset during reposition and attacks Froy with deer antlers. -
Bad Poets Society
A man recites his slam poetry in an effort to keep his car from getting repossessed. Obviously, it doesn't work. -
Surviving the Survivalist
Surviving the apocalypse would be easier than surviving this guy. -
Tasered on a Fake Date
After being fooled with a fake online date, this upset woman attacks Ronnie with a taser.


text: Vincent and Kain stepped off the bus and look in the sight of the city. It has been some times since they've stepped foot onto America, and Vincent was hungry for loose women and thick blood. Kain was more worried about finding lodging, since it was the holiday season. "Don't sweat the details Kain. This is America! Live a little!" Vincent chuckled as the two walked towards the city square, where the large glowing Christmas Tree was strung up.


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Temporary road closures
The Council has the powers to issue Temporary Road Closure Orders under the provision of the Town Police Clauses Act 1847. This Road Traffic Regulation Act specifically deals with public celebrations such as street parties, carnivals, parades and similar events.
Closures and diversions of the highway in relation to maintenance works are controlled by West Sussex County Council.
Who can apply to close the road
Anyone can apply for a road closure for a special or community event. Applications should be made at least 6 weeks in advance to enable full consultation with Sussex Police, West Sussex County Council and local Town or Parish Council.
Requests must be submitted by application form and should be accompanied by a map of the proposed closure and diversion routes where applicable. For large closures involving different roads a traffic management plan may be required. You can now apply online via our secure application form.
Public liability insurance of £10 million is required for all types of temporary road closures (except simple street parties) in order to indemnify us against any claim. A copy of your insurance must accompany the application form.
The Order will be subject to:
- Reasonable pedestrian access being available at all times.
- Vehicle access for emergencies being available at all times.
- Road closure and diversion signs being put up need approval of the Highway Authority and are to be removed at the end of the temporary closure .
- The organiser is responsible for stewarding the event .
- The organiser is responsible for clearing the highway immediately after conclusion of the event and for any damage which may have occurred to the highway, including street furniture during the entire period of preparation, event and clearing up be reported.
- Street fire hydrants must not be obstructed.
- No assistance can be given by the Police in removal of vehicles from the closed length of road during the preparation of the event
- No claims will be entertained by the County Council (as highway authority), the District Council, the Town or Parish Council or any statutory undertaker in respect of any accident, damage or injury sustained as a result of the event. The onus is on the organiser to obtain the necessary insurance cover
- The organiser is responsible for informing all those houses/businesses affected by the Closure Order, especially those directly fronting on to the closed road/s, in writing at least 14 days prior to the event.
Useful contacts
WSCC Highways Department
Northern Area office
Tel: 01243 642105
Email: email@example.com
Southern Area Office
Tel: 01243 642105
Email: email@example.com
Sussex Police Road Policing Unit
Haywards Heath Police Station
Bolnore Road, Haywards Heath
Tel: 101


text:
Recent Film Writing:
A Survey
Ernest Callenbach
When I was little, I wanted to be a mathematician. I have always been fascinated by those who do pure research, by the great mathematicians who, by making an advance in one direction, unlock years of fruitful research possibilities for succeeding generations. This taste for research is quite personal and absolutely irrational.
—Jean-Luc Godard to Jean Collet, Sept. 1963
Vol. 24, no. 3 (Spring 1971): 11–32.
It's a satisfaction to film people, in a general way, that so many film books are now being published. After the long lean years, it's comfortable to think that our faith in the art is at last being justified. For if anything signifies Seriousness, it is books. Yet a publisher and editor like myself must be constitutionally skeptical, in hopes of conserving both sanity and trees. The motives people have for wanting to publish are, to say the least, mixed—though we have only recently begun to receive in the film field any sizable number of manuscripts that are clearly sprung from the publish-orperish fount, that source of so much academic intellectual corruption (not to mention the waste of paper). And especially in a field where the pace of publication has increased so fast, we need to stop and try to take stock of the purposes and worth of what has been done. There have been a tremendous number of film books published in the past year or so, although the output relative to that of the established fields like English or sociology is still modest. Once, we could have the easy feeling that we could read everything that came out. We now face a situation like that in older fields,
where specialization is forced on us whether we like it or not: nobody has the time to read all the books that are appearing. I regret this, personally speaking, because it means a kind of fragmentation and dispersion of intellectual activity, but it seems to be inevitable whenever any subject is attacked by large numbers of people; in science, matters have gone so far that the dozen or so workers really concerned with a given problem communicate with each other by telephone, xerox, or at worst mimeograph, between Berkeley, Cambridge, Dubna, or wherever, and only see other scientists at occasional meetings; publication itself is a side product of the process—not unimportant, of course, but it merely memorializes what has happened, and adds to the problems of the abstracters and information-retrievers. (When Watson and Crick had cracked the DNA structure, they took pains to bring their report down to a crisp 600 words, and could hardly be accused of littering up the intellectual universe.)
Film is still, however, within the domain of the humanities for most writers who address themselves to it. An occasional sociologist ventures some notions, usually with a generality that film historians consider flimsy; an occasional psychologist uses film as a research recording tool. There are probably some curious scientific problems involved in film perception, but so far no psychologists have found them interesting. People writing about film have usually been interested in it either because it's an art that intrigues them (like most critics) or because it's a mass medium they hope can be turned to political advantage (a tradition going back to John Grierson, who was a political scientist and socialist agitator). We are now, however, coming to a point where both of these emphases seem limited and insufficient, and people seem to be getting ready to try integrating them, to deal with film as an art that is inherently political even in the most apolitical hands. . . .
It seems to me that we now have critical resources that greatly surpass those of a decade ago; our general-audience magazines, in particular, are now immensely better served, and the critical books which have flowed from this journalistic work seem to me to constitute a remarkable outpouring of critical energy, knowledge, and intelligence. Many new and good critics continue to develop within the specialized film journals. As a congenital pessimist, I choke to say it, but we have never had it so good.
Nevertheless, speaking more as an editor than a critic, I would like to try here to make some sense of what has been happening in film criticism recently on the level of ideas. I do not propose another round of critical arm-wrestling, of which I am probably more tired than any reader could be. Nor do I have a defensive attitude about film criticism's contribution to our culture. It is reported that when an actor attacked John Simon, in a television debate, Simon tried to justify his role as a critic by lamely recounting how he had worked in
dramatic productions and so on; even Pauline Kael, when attacked along the line of how can you know anything about it if you've never done it, once retreated to telling of her work with the San Francisco underground. Such arguments are farcical because they ignore the fact that criticism is an art in its own right. Writers who can get hundreds of thousands of intelligent persons to read their stuff are clearly practitioners with some kind of real skill; but it's not the same skill that film-makers have, much less actors. Like film-making, criticism is a kind of culture-secretion, and they share a few elementary prerequisites like taste and intelligence; but the working requirements of the two are utterly different. We might as well demand of an actor that he be able to write a readable, stimulating, informative critique as ask a critic to act (or direct, for that matter). The business of the film-maker is to make films; the business of the critic is to react to them—as sensitively and intelligently and wisely and interestingly as he can. I don't find a balance of presumption on either side. There is a plainly visible Darwinian selection process among critics, just as among actors; if you can act or write so that it impresses and interests people, and have reasonable luck, you'll be able to work and become known. It would be excellent if more critics tried their hand at scriptwriting or directing, and more directors tried their hand at writing criticism, but it isn't obligatory; they are working opposite sides of the same movie street, and should have the mutual regard of good gunfighters or good con men or good trial lawyers.
Our critics span a range of philosophical assumptions and tastes which is broad enough (though so far entirely bourgeois) to cope with almost all films produced in recent years, one way or another; you have always been able to find a critic who could deal with films in a way that seemed reasonable to you, whether your tastes ran to Hawks, Kramer, or Bergman.
In what way, then, can this body of critical work be considered deficient?
One way to begin is by noting that practically nobody writes books of film criticism. If this seems a strange statement after a year when more film books have probably been published than in all previous publishing history, consider that among the books that could be considered as serious, major criticism only a tiny handful were original, "real" books—Wood on Bergman and Higham on Welles, above all. For the rest—Kael, Farber, Sarris, Pechter (and Youngblood to a lesser extent)—all was packaging together of previously written material. I indicated earlier one practical reason for this—you can make a living by writing for magazines, and you can't just by writing books. Robin Wood, I believe, mainly teaches to live; so does another excellent British writer, Raymond Durgnat. But in this country our film teachers don't seem to include talented critical writers, with the exception of Sarris, who has begun to teach at Columbia.
Now journalism is not necessarily a bad thing for writers. Bazin was, after all, a journalist, and a harried one at that. Some of Shaw's best writing was done under journalistic pressure. A weekly deadline can be an inspiration, and so can the fact that in weekly criticism you get no chance for second thoughts or leisurely revision. Nonetheless, writing in the review format has drastic limitations. You can imply theoretical matters, but in the general press you had better be sure they don't get too heavy. You can revert to themes broached in another piece, but you had better make every review essentially free-standing—you can't depend on the reader keeping a connected argument in mind from one to the next. You can mention old films, but you had better organize your reviews around current ones, and if you generate any historical perspectives, you had better keep them light. Moreover, the finer a writer you are, the harder it becomes to turn your reviews into genuine chapters of a book (even supposing editors encouraged you to try); for a review done by a skilled writer is a special-purpose item that cannot easily be put to other purposes. From a practical working standpoint, thus, reviews aren't really useful grist for an integrated book—they may, indeed, be outright obstacles.
An equally severe problem with working as a weekly critic is that it forces you to waste your time: especially with today's situation where foreign films are having a hard time entering the U.S. market and domestic production is falling off, there simply isn't a film worth writing about every week. (Or indeed sometimes every month.) And this disability is simply memorialized in the ensuing books. In Going Steady , for instance, out of some 76 films Kael discusses, about 10 seem to matter to her as films. She has important and intriguing things to say about many of the unimportant films; but when the balance tips this far one feels it as a waste of talent—not only is criticism here an independent art, but a superior one; it's like devoting an orchid-grower's finesse to the production of snap beans. There is no question that the ordinary output of an art-industry like film deserves some attention, above all because the first works of promising talents generally fall into the less-than-triumphant category, and also because film criticism is inevitably cultural criticism and must convey to the reader some sense of the general cultural output surrounding works of unusual interest. But what we most relish in good criticism is the sense of a fine mind responding to a fine work: in fact, it is the excitement of this give-and-take process, which Kael is extraordinarily good at conveying, that makes criticism an art: who really reads critics to obtain ratings for movies? Sometimes, indeed, the critique that fascinates us most is busily setting forth an opinion on a film utterly different from our own. (Just as, in science, we may admire a co-worker's experimental technique but believe that his results must be interpreted differently.)
As a group, our American big-time critics are very good at responding to movies; in one way or another, they make you feel that it would be simply
marvelous to hang around listening to them in person. (Complaints have even been heard about the cult of personality in film criticism, where the critic becomes the star just as the director has.) They are sensitive and witty people, often with a stunning gift of phrase. I think it not far off to say, however, that general ideas do not much interest them. Why this is, I do not pretend to know; perhaps there is something about the very act of writing criticism which means that one tends to so intently focus upon the work in immediate question that sensitivity in that context triumphs over all more general kinds of mental activity. Theorizing, that particular speculative curiosity which motors science, takes after all a very special mental set. Its presumption may even be inherently at odds with art, which is by nature unsystematic, ad hoc, furtive, messy, vital. (Or so at least I would imagine Pauline Kael might argue.) The theorist must attempt to "rise above" individual cases, to arrive at large generalizations—a process which inevitably dissociates his sensibility from actual films, at least to some extent. It is significant that Bazin, the most theoretical critic of our times, also relied constantly on scientific allusions and metaphors in his work.
Theorizing can be a pleasure quite in itself, of course, just as playful activity. But as a kind of intellectual work it appeals to disappointingly few people. Besides, it's scary; as Kael remarks, "In the arts, one can never be altogether sure that the next artist who comes along won't disprove one's formulations." However, this is a risk any person who indulges in what we might very loosely call "scientific" thinking has to take. Indeed it is practically foregone that one will look a bit silly, for every generation of scientists reworks and refines previous thought—sometimes even throwing it out bodily. There is no reason to hope that criticism (even Bazin's!) can be exempt from this process; nor can concentrating on the refinement of taste exempt one—for tastes too change, indeed even more rapidly and irrationally.
Criticism needs ideas, however, and I would like to spell out some of the reasons, perhaps a bit painfully. Criticism cannot in fact rely upon "taste" alone; every good critic's way of thinking rests, if we bother to analyze it carefully, upon a pattern of assumptions, aesthetic and social; and it employs a constellation of terms appropriate to those assumptions. The act of "criticism," in essence, as opposed to the mere opinion-mongering of most of the daily press, is the application of such terms to the realities of a given film: describing it, analyzing it, evaluating it, and in the process also refining the terms and assumptions. Nobody would enjoy it much if the process were carried out in an obvious and mechanical way; on the other hand, there are benefits to be gained by carrying it out with more intellectual elegance and determination than are customary among our film critics. For the terminologies current today really don't seem to be suitable for coping with crucial current developments;
they leave the sensitivity and intelligence of the critics stranded whenever a difficult new film appears—a Persona, Weekend , or Rise to Power of Louis XIV .
Assumptions and terms reasonably suitable for dealing with conventional narrative fictions have been around for a long time. Basically "realist" in tenor, these ideas have never applied very well to non-narrative and expressionist forms, especially experimental ones; the neglect of experimental film by critics has been due at least as much to practical embarrassment at this as to the inaccessibility or low quality of the films. They have also, as Brian Henderson suggests . . . not been very useful for analyzing internal ("part-whole") relationships in works of art—precisely the kind of formal analysis we need to fall back on in a period like the present when relations to reality have become largely moot.
Realist assumptions tend to deal in terms of essences, but film has no single essence such as Bazin sought—it is a multiform medium, and all signs point to our entering a period of increasing fragmentation. We may never reach another consensus, such as underlay traditional Hollywood craftsmanship, as to what film is or ought to be. Assumptions may henceforth have to be couched in terms of polarities, or "ideal types." The notions that will seem natural to the future are almost literally invisible to us, because they will make assumptions we cannot entertain. It seems certain, however, that any new nomenclature must include terms for dealing with the relations between the art's materials and its forms, and the relations between the work and its viewer. Surrounding and to some extent subsidiary to such terms will be various others concerned with technique or style: questions on the level our criticism now chiefly deals with. But where are the critics who are developing new terms? (I must reserve judgment about the "structuralist" school of analysis until it shows itself more clearly in English; so far, work under this banner has seemed either conventionally literary-thematic analysis or "iconography" on a stupefyingly naive level.)
The critic needs new ideas because otherwise it is impossible to articulate what the new film-maker feels and does; otherwise the most delicate critical faculties can register only zeroes. Most artists, of course, have ideas they are plenty willing to express, and indeed often talk in a strongly programmatic style. (The Flaherty Seminars were an attempt to institutionalize this phenomenon.) It's seldom, however, that artists have an interest in or grasp of large trends in their art, and the root act of artistic creation is in any event not ideational. A rare film-maker, like Eisenstein, happens to be good at theorizing about his own kind of work; Godard, in his elliptical and maddening way, seems to be the only one around at present. But aside from such rare exceptions, we will get our ideas about what is going on from critics, or we will not
get them at all. It would be a good thing if our critics could, over the next couple of years, come up with some new and coherent ones.
Every critic worth reading has some heresy to propound, and William Pechter's in Twenty-four Times a Second (New York: Harper & Row, 1971. $8.95) is that of revelation: he believes that the truth is ready to hand, if only somebody will come forward to seize it, like Lancelot picking up the magic sword. Thus he tends to be a little scornful of other views, brashly over-confident that he is of the Elect. In fact, when he is good he is very good, but sometimes he is not. His explication of Breathless is acute, energetic—his abilities outstretched to cope with a challenging work. His defense of de Broca's Five Day Lover , and of de Broca's essentially noncomic talent, is the kind of clarification of style and genre we badly need and rarely get. But his attempted clearing of the air about Marienbad gets nowhere because he is unwilling to entertain the possibility that the film is as psychological as it is, and as un "moral"—he writes of its containing "scarcely a line of dialogue that one can imagine being spoken." Yet clearly, if the film makes any sense to anybody at all, this can't be true. And it seems in fact that most of us, though perhaps not Pechter, do indeed "imagine" dialogue like Marienbad 's in plenty of our adolescent and not-so-adolescent fantasies. It's bad dialogue, perhaps; but that doesn't keep us from imagining it—quite the contrary, for it is a minor subspecies of pornography, whose necessary repetitiousness and obsessiveness it shares. The Marienbad case sets one limit for Pechter's method; to his relentless moral tests, the film yields no clear pink or blue reaction. It makes no statement; yet it exists, it presents something. But that something is not of the order which Pechter can analyze; he complains, thus, that "the deeper we probe into the characters' consciousness, the less we know and understand them." But what if the film is not "probing," or at least not probing "characters"—what if it is the complex embodiment of fantasy, something like visual dreaming? Pechter even ventures to speak confidently of "failure" when he surely must have considered that he could be misunderstanding the film's intention. At the end of his essay, conscious of the problem, he poses it in fancifully stark terms: whether art serves beauty or knowledge. He declares roundly that the end "must, of internal necessity, be that of knowledge"—but only after qualifying this to apply only "where the subject of art is the human being, at least, the human being as protagonist of an action." Thus finally he must beg the question—for whatever Marienbad is, it does not seem to be that sort of art. It is, rather, some weird transitional variant between the film drama we are familiar with and some as-yet-undefined species toward which film is moving. As Kipling had it in his story, something that is neither a turtle nor a hedgehog may still come
into existence and survive, and somebody will come along to name it armadillo. But poor Marienbad has no category in Pechter's nomenclature.
Nor is Pechter, to my way of thinking, really any more reliable than most critics on more conventional fare. In dealing with The Wild Bunch , he neglects the important machismo side of Peckinpah's personality (the film in fact owes major debts to a Mexican novel). Pechter thinks Nicholson the only interesting thing in Easy Rider , whereas his actorish performance seemed to me the major tonal flaw in the film—entertaining, but as out of place as an interjected juggling performance might have been.
Pechter's essay against Eisenstein is a bold attempt at a major overhauling job, but it still seems to me rather perverse. This is not because of its judgmental side—I am not greatly agitated by the question of whether or not Potemkin is a Great Classic, though I think it is rather more humanly interesting in an allegorical way than Pechter does—but because his essay merely sets up an undergraduate dichotomy and plumps for one side of it: Bazin and Renoir over Eisenstein and montage. But in the art history that must some day be written about film, no film-maker is an island; and Eisenstein, whose thought is immensely more complicated and subtle than Pechter admits, will have to be evaluated not only in the circumstances of the deadly society he inhabited but also in the context of a larger world artistic tendency with counterparts in other arts. Pechter skirts edges of this large problem here and there—he quotes Eisenstein on Joyce, thinking to ridicule only Eisenstein—but doesn't try to do anything with it.
Of Bergman, Pechter has little good to say—and even less of the recent films, where morality has given way to psychology and what Bergman also thinks of as a kind of music. He is good on Psycho; though (as I did too at the time) he misapprehends the ironies of the phony psychological ending. He makes a valiant defense of The Birds on the grounds that it is about "Nature outraged, nature revenged"—a kind of premature ecology story, with Jobian overtones—which I find clever but hopeless, fundamentally a city person's misplaced fantasy ("nature's most beautiful and gentle creatures . . .").
Was will der Mensch? one of my philosophy professors used to begin by asking. And in Pechter's case the dominant underlying concern seems to be with the question, "Is this film or film-maker truly great?" The question can be interesting, and attempted answers to it can be interesting; but as an organizing principle of analysis it seems to me somehow deficient—its role really ought to be that of a working hypothesis, as it was for Bazin, but not the end of enquiry. Assuming and believing that Bicycle Thief is great, or that Diary of a Country Priest is great, Bazin always goes on to propound ideas of another order: ideas having to do with how the films work upon us, what their aesthetic assumptions and strategies are, ideas in short having to do with style, in
the largest sense. Pechter has some ideas about style, but they largely boil down to negative propositions. Eisenstein is a bad artist (and a bad man, as well as a bad writer) because he elevated art above truth, thus betraying both man and art. Marienbad is a bad film because it is not about character and plot in a manner that provides "meaning" or truth. Bergman is a bad director because his is an art of surfaces.
Well then, what is this truth? Don't stay for the answer, because there really isn't one. Each artist has his own truth: Buñuel's that "this is the worst of all possible worlds" (I'd like to verify the original on that some day—did he say "the worst" or "not the best"?); Welles's, Renoir's, Fellini's. It seems to be, in fact, essential to a great artist that his truth cannot be described. But it is the role of the critic to discern and announce its existence, and to excoriate all those false artists who don't tell the truth.
Whatever its virtues, this is a narrower conception of the critic's task than most critics accept. Consequently, Pechter heaps much scorn for their laxness upon film magazines, film books, other film critics, and "film enthusiasts," and thus generates unfulfillable expectations in the reader that his own book will somehow be a quantum jump ahead of other film writing. Pechter is a most intelligent and sensitive critic; disconcertingly, what keeps him from the very front ranks is precisely a certain hubris, a prideful fastidiousness which can become suspect even though it never becomes crippling as it does in the work of John Simon. Pechter quotes Lionel Trilling, on Agee, as saying that "nothing can be more tiresome than protracted sensibility"; but his 300 pages of careful, judicious, humane prose end merely with a section called "Theory," leading to the conclusions that critical consideration of art must be whole, cannot concentrate on mere technique, and is inherently dependent upon reactions to "the aesthetic ramifications of art's meaning."
It is any critic's right to imply that his candlepower exceeds others' by a significant margin, or that the darkness is denser in film than in other parts. But it is more accurate, as well as more modest, when critics recognize that their work is part of an inherently confused welter by which tastes and ideas rub upon created works and little by little give off the light, such as it is, by which we and posterity understand them. Bazin, who seems to me the most important film thinker of our times, was too busy analyzing films, trying out his ideas on them, constantly testing and revising and rethinking, to be much concerned with the sort of ultimate, permanent critical purity Pechter envisages as the goal. I would be the last to deny that film criticism could use a lot more sensibility of the kind Pechter possesses; but in itself that is not enough. We also need new ideas; and the fundamental ideas lurking in Twenty-four Times a Second , as in virtually all other current film writing, are still Bazinian. It is as if Bazin had thoroughly ploughed the field of film aesthetics right up to the edge of the precipice. We can
retrace his work, refine it, even eke out a corner here or there that he missed. But nobody has yet figured how to fly off into the space at the edge.
Ironically, the only critic around with a patent on a theory is Andrew Sarris, whose success as popularizer of the "auteur theory" was, as he genially points out in the introduction to Confessions of a Cultist , entirely inadvertent (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1970. $8.95). Worse still, this theory isn't a theory at all, but a practical critical policy: a good one within obvious limits, but of no analytical significance in itself whatsoever. When we look back over Sarris's columns of critical writing, as assembled in this volume, it's surely just as much a shambles as the film criticism he observed about him in 1955. He's a master of the light phrase ("Neorealism was never more than the Stalinallee of social realism") and he is charming about his extra-theoretical divagations—at least when you share them, as I do about Vitti. Sarris makes a halfhearted attempt to turn the auteur theory into "a theory of film history" in the introduction to The American Cinema ; but a little later he remarks that it's "not so much a theory as an attitude." Actually, he doesn't have a real theoretical bone in his body; he is a systematizer, but that's quite a different matter, just as entomologists who revise the species classifications for bees are useful scholars, but not doing the same kind of work as researchers who try to figure out how bees fly. Sarris's early formulations of auteurism, as about The Cardinal , are significantly evasive: "Preminger's meaning" is said to be strongly expressed visually, but is nowhere described—as indeed, judging even by what else Sarris says of the film, it could hardly be by anybody. Admittedly, in this volume we get only a truncated Sarris. But a truncated pyramid is still visibly a pyramid. When one takes away Sarris's holy categories, however, there is nothing theoretical left; what is left is an urbane, witty writer with an elephantine memory and an accurate eye who often has sensible things to say about individual films and who can occasionally, as in his account of seeing Madame X on a transatlantic jet, become quietly and movingly personal. The generalities he will sometimes venture are usually perverse: "The strength of underground cinema is basically documentary. The strength of classical cinema (including Bergman) is basically dramatic. The moderns—Godard, Resnais, Antonioni, Fellini—are suspended between these two polarities." Moreover, by 1968 he could write in the New York Times a piece whose defense of auteurism is so mellow that it must seem mild to Pauline Kael (who can, of course, out-auteur anybody when she feels like it). At this point it seems clear that Sarris's contribution to American film thought has been massive in transmitting enthusiasms but minimal in analytical ideas.
Perhaps disappointingly, neither Dwight Macdonald on Film (New York: Berkeley Books, 1970. $1.50) nor Stanley Kauffmann's new collection, Figures
of Light (New York: Harper & Row, 1971. $7.95), offer any explicit, coherent view of the new relations developing between art and audience, though they are our two most socially concerned critics. Macdonald was famous for his own attempt at classification, his formula of masscult and midcult and kitsch . But as far as analytical ideas go, he cheerfully confesses that "being a congenital critic, I know what I like and why. But I can't explain the why except in terms of the specific work under consideration, on which I'm copious enough. The general theory, the larger view, the gestalt—these have always eluded me." He then trots out a number of rules of critical thumb, but only to prove his honesty by showing how they don't work. It is only in a piece about comedy that he is less diffident, and works out some general principles (he calls them "rules"); but these could apply to novels or plays just as well as to films. His long and careful commentaries on Soviet film, written in the thirties and forties, are to my mind excellent cultural criticism of a kind we also could use, but they don't contain anything original about film style.
Kauffmann, though he is concerned with the new audiences and the delicate balances between commercial hype and genuine novelty in "youth" films, isn't willing to venture any general ideas about what is going on, either; at the end of his new book he takes refuge in the vague notion that "standards in art and life are becoming more and more congruent." In a day when survival is a catchword, it may be true that criticism should select and appraise "the works that are most valuable—most necessary—to the individual's existence ." But how do we know which works those are? To determine this, we need ideas about the society we must survive in, the role of art in it, how we "use" art, and what makes art "useful."
The virtues of Manny Farber (Negative Space . New York: Praeger, 1970. $7.95) have usually been taken to be those of the wise tough guy who looked at movies for their secret pleasures—those precious moments in the action flicks when a clever actor and a "subversive" director got together either to spoof the material or give it an instant of electric life. He liked plain, grubby stories, and he was allergic to pretensions at all levels, including those of auteurists; he could write of Hawks's Only Angels Have Wings as a "corny semi-catastrophe" and conclude that "No artist is less suited to a discussion of profound themes."
But there's more to Farber than that. Farber hates what has been happening to movies since about 1950, but that doesn't really matter; he could just as well have loved it—except that adoration has a tendency to blur vision. What counts is that he notices what has been happening, and indeed has been more willing than any other critic to try and elaborate on it in fairly general terms. If he might be called an aesthetic reactionary, at least he's a conscious and articulate one. Like Bazin, of whom one perhaps hears faint indirect echoes in
Farber from time to time, he believes in realism. The excitement of action films comes from the fact that they confront us with the gutty, tough, cynical inhabitants of the American lower depths caught on the fly in miscellaneous unhallowed adventures, racing through stories of greed and desperation under the guidance of skilled and modest craftsmen. Appreciation of such films is a kind of shock-of-recognition operation—the film whirls you through its itinerary and here and there you notice things that matter, because they are real . Farber would never presume to hope for what Bazin saw in neorealism—whole, finished works of dense and convincing realism—but he would have wanted it if he thought it could happen here.
Yet Farber never confronts the philosophical or aesthetic or indeed practical problems such a position presents. He is not some kind of Christian like Bazin, so he has no doctrine of immanence or anything like it. Though he is aware that film involves much pretense, he is unwilling to consider that "realism" is itself a set of conventions; his defense of the old style is ultimately an impossibly simplistic "imitation" theory. Thus he can argue: "What is unique in The Wild Bunch is its fanatic dedication to the way children, soldiers, Mexicans looked in the small border towns during the closing years of the frontier"—as if he (or we) had to have been there to enjoy or appraise the movie. He never confronts the phenomena of camp, whereby a bit of acting which strikes him as utterly real can seem totally phony to somebody else—especially somebody coming along a couple of decades after. (It has been found that fashions in clothes can't be revived until 30 years have passed; does a similar cycle length perhaps prevail for film acting?)
But, from the standpoint of his devotion to the old Hollywood style, Farber sees pretty clearly what has been happening: how the former "objective" style, the anonymous, geographically reliable world of the Hollywood writer, cameraman, and editor, has given way to far more dubious forms dominated by directors, in which some vague directorial viewpoint or personality or style is supposed to be the center of interest, rather than the plot.
Nor is Farber's perceptiveness only a recent development. As far back as 1952 he was complaining about A Streetcar Named Desire that "The drama is played completely in the foreground. There is nothing new about shallow perspectives, figures gazing into mirrors with the camera smack up against the surface, or low intimate views that expand facial features and pry into skinpores, weaves of cloth, and sweaty undershirts. But there is something new in having the whole movie thrown at you in shallow dimension. Under this arrangement, with the actor and spectator practically nose to nose, any extreme movement in space would lead to utter visual chaos, so the characters, camera, and story are kept at a standstill, with the action affecting only minor details, e.g., Stanley's backscratching or his wife's lusty projection with eye and
lips . . . the fact is these films actually fail to exploit the resources of the medium in any real sense." He exaggerates, of course; moreover, a few years later Kazan was to be the first director actually to use the vast expanses of CinemaScope with any visual activity—in East of Eden , a film Farber did not comment on. And we must admit that Farber's analysis is often careless and suspect. Thus he remarks that Toland's camera in Kane "loved crane-shots and floor-shots, but contracted the three-dimensional aspect by making distant figures as clear to the spectator as those in the foreground." Would space have been expanded if they were fuzzy? On the contrary, keeping the backgrounds blurry (and the lead players in stronger light than anybody else) was a basic device of standard Hollywood craftsmanship to avoid perception of fuller spatial relations, resulting in compositions where the figures stood out but not really against anything—only as differentiated from a background blur, usually of constructed, shallow sets.
Nonetheless, Farber's basic descriptive contention cannot, I think, be escaped: "The entire physical structure of movies has been slowed down and simplified and brought closer to the front plane of the screen so that eccentric effects can be deeply felt." (81) "Movies suddenly [in the early 60's] changed from fast-flowing linear films, photographed stories, and, surprisingly, became slower face-to-face constructions in which the spectator becomes a protagonist in the drama." (190)
Since the Hollywood film is dead, and Farber knows we can never go back to that aesthetic home again, what is left? In a melancholic survey of the 1968 New York Film Festival, he plumps for Bresson's Mouchette —because of the girl's toughness, the down-and-out life surroundings taken straight; his terms of praise are that the film is "unrelievedly raw, homely, and depressed," and here for some reason he does not mention Bresson's camera style, or note how odd it is that Bresson's excruciatingly refined and stripped-down handling should be the last refuge of the streamlined naturalism he loved in the action flicks. There's not much left in the cinema to love, for Farber. Some of Warhol's odd characters appeal to him; he approves of Michael Snow's "singular stoicism"; he likes Ma Nuit chez Maud because of Trintignant's performance and the richness of its provincial detailing, and Faces grabs him because of Lynn Carlin. But no more do we enjoy "the comforting sense of a continuous interweave of action in deep space." We're caught up instead in conversations about movies—"a depressing, chewed-over sound, and . . . a heavy segment of any day is consumed by an obsessive, nervous talking about film."
For readers who only know Farber by his famous piece on "underground" (action) pictures, this new volume will establish that he is indeed one of our first-rank critics, with a very personal vision, an often irritating yet suggestive style, and faster ideational reaction-time than anybody around. But the acuteness of
his vision is like looking down the wrong end of a telescope; everything looks very sharp, but small and going away.
In the one corner, thus, we have Farber, stoutly bemoaning the destruction of the movies—the replacement of the plotted and acted picture by exudations of the director's twisted psyche. In the other, we have Gene Youngblood, bemoaning the phoniness and redundancy of the plotted and acted picture and announcing the cinematic millennium because film-makers are at last portraying "their own minds."
I think Youngblood's Expanded Cinema (New York: Dutton, 1970. $4.95) is an important book, so I want to get out of the way some minor criticisms of it. Youngblood writes in that blathering style common among media freaks—half Bucky Fuller mooning and half McLuhan "probes"—with a peculiarly alarming Teutonic tendency toward agglomeration. "The dynamic interaction of formal proportions in kinaesthetic cinema evokes cognition in the articulate conscious, which I call kinetic empathy." (Who won World War II, anyway?) He can be staggeringly naive or unperceptive. ("A romantic heterosexual relationship of warm authenticity develops between Viva and Louis Waldron in the notorious Blue Movie .") He is prone to wild exaggeration and imprecise logic, but he is also the only film writer on video technology to display mastery of the subject. He is very unhistorical, which may merely be fashionable disdain of the past, but is more probably a youthful lack of familiarity with both the conventional and experimental cinema of the past—however lamentably unexpanded they may have been. Nonetheless, its drawbacks do not prevent the book from being a forceful and clear exposition of a theoretical position, like it or lump it.
Youngblood's view can be sketched thus: all previous cinema has been deficient because it has been falsely and tautologically "about external things, to the neglect of the proper subject of cinema, namely the mind of the film-maker. In the synaesthetic cinema or expanded cinema, however, this dominance of the external is thrown off; all things become subjects of film perception and expression, nothing is taboo, "unfilmic," or impossible to deal with, and people use film as freely or wildly as poets use words. It turns out that the really distinguishing mark of synaesthetic cinema is superimposition, which guarantees that you are not seeing via a "transparent" medium, but via one which somebody has created—the function of superimposition is perhaps similar to that of the frame or canvas surface in illusionist painting. Sound is dissociated from image—for, as Bazin remarked, the coming of synch sound extinguished "the heresy of expressionism," and Youngblood is reviving it.
All this has some smell of novelty; does it perhaps have the substance as well? What is the philosophical and ideological basis of such a doctrine?
One way of getting at this question is to look back at earlier major shifts in film "theory." We can now see that Bazin crystallized, in his defense of deep-focus and neorealism, the essence of the cinema of Christian Democracy—postwar European liberalism. (As Bazin himself pointed out, it is no argument against this that Italian script teams, for political insurance, customarily included one Communist, one Christian Democrat, one rightist, and one socialist.) Similarly, we can see in Eisenstein the essence of Bolshevik cinema—montage was "democratic centralism" in the hands of the film director, while deep-focus and widescreen allowed democratic participation in the image-reading process by the liberal middle-class spectator.
If we can see a similar over-simplified paradigm in Youngblood, it would probably be that of the coming technological slave culture, in which the masses of people are allowed to play with certain fascinating visual toys within a tightly controlled corporate society. At a discussion during the opening festivities of the University's Pacific Film Archive in Berkeley, Youngblood spoke of people playing with visual equivalents of Moog synthesizers—processing bits of film into their own personal video trips, presumably rather as our ancestors used to gather round the piano and sing "Daisy, Daisy." What really catches his imagination is man-machine symbiosis: computers retrieving and storing and diagramming in a playful partnership with people—a sort of benign Big Brother fantasy in both the sibling and sociological senses.
There are two main problems with this kind of notion. One is aesthetic, and was put into blinding focus at the Berkeley symposium when somebody asked John Whitney how long it took him to make Matrix , no doubt expecting an answer like six hours. But it took three months of shooting (fully assisted by sophisticated computer hardware) and three more months of editing, filtering, and printing. Now Matrix is not a frightfully complex production project in its own area, and it is a highly precise, mathematical kind of work which probably entails less than the usual stresses and indecisions of artistic creation. In short, we are not about to enter some kind of aesthetic paradise in which every man can become his own electronic-wizard artist. Indeed the lesson of Youngblood's own tastes is that the best of the "synaesthetic" artists he discusses (Belson, Brakhage, Hindle) don't even use electronic technology, only rather ingenious but conventional home-made rigs, in which the impact of the human hand, brain, and eye can be directly and intimately achieved. I don't wish to assert that there is a simple inverse relation between technological involvement and artfulness—if there were, modelling clay would be our greatest art form. But artfulness does not spring from technology, it uses technology. When you ask machines to create something, as in the computer-generated films Youngblood describes, it comes out dreadfully flat and dull. Even the most sophisticated machines so far built have no sense of play.
What they do have is a high price tag, and this connects with the second problem, which is a social one. Modern technology is extraordinarily expensive, and it is owned, in a patent and often in a literal sense, by giant corporations which lease it out. Youngblood talks like some kind of radical, and writes for the underground LA Free Press , but he seems surprisingly comfortable with big business, and sometimes seems to think it philanthropically inclined to coddle our perceptions. Yet we must notice that the only way artists have gotten at complex video technology is through the ETV stations in San Francisco and Boston and by the "artist in residence" situation at Bell Telephone and a few other corporations. It is not only chroma-key video equipment which is tightly controlled, either; the coming wave of EVR and other cassette distribution systems is similarly tightly held, with patents flying like shrapnel. The sole aspect of video technology which is freely available to artists and users the world over—largely thanks to Japanese initiative, it seems—is half-inch video tape, a cheap, convenient but shabbily low-definition medium. Anybody using the other systems will not be his own master; he may not be as bad off as artists at the mercy of old-fashioned producers or distributors, but he will be in jeopardy whenever he becomes unorthodox.
Youngblood writes of the new technology creating a technoanarchy in which all men's creativity is freed. This kind of optimism is not just constitutional, of course, but springs from a particular philosophical position—one which, in my opinion, fits neatly into the program of the technofascism which is what is really developing in our society. Youngblood's position is a confused and oversimplified one. "We've been taught by modern science that the so-called objective world is a relationship between the observer and the observed, so that ultimately we are able to know nothing but that relationship." (127) A few pages later he breezily remarks, "There's no semantic problem in a photographic image. We can now see through each other's eyes . . ." (130) To compound these basic confusions, he also contends that the "media," by which he and other McLuhanites tend to mean not whole, real-people social institutions but only their technical manifestions, are becoming and will be our only reality: our very minds will be merely extensions of the worldwide media net.
This kind of view has been put so often lately that it is necessary to say why it is not reasonable, or perhaps even sane. First of all, we are creatures with a very detailed biological constitution that has powerful mental components; moreover, the psychological development of a human being takes place on a level of experience quite different from that of the media. Without necessarily being Freudian about it, our minds are much more extensions of our experiences in babyhood and childhood than they are of anything that happens to us later. We must expect the replacement of a good deal of normal parental interaction by interaction with television sets to have significant effects on our
children and on their own later child-rearing practices as adults—effects in the direction of depersonalization, passivity, and so on. Even so, the residues and constancies of our biological condition and earliest life persist; they account for the myths that concerned Jung, and in a different sense Bazin. They are, indeed, most of what enables us to continue as viable mammals, rather than appendages of machines.
Second, the development of society, of which the media are only one part, is a material process. "Information" freaks like to argue that objects don't matter anymore—only information is important, and since information is immaterial, we have transcended materialism. This seems to me a gross and pathetic delusion. In fact, the more highly technological our society becomes, the more dependent it is on physical objects, and the more numerous, tightly controlled, and demanding of natural resources those objects become; in short, the more sheer power is at stake, and the more the power relationships of the society come to bear. Since power in our society is chiefly ownership power we can't possibly understand the media and what they are doing to us without understanding who owns them and what their purposes are. In the real world media do not "expand" of their own accord.
Like most idealist positions, Youngblood's is founded on physics metaphors rather than biology ones: despite the seeming modernity of much computer talk, it is still basically nineteenth-century thinking—childishly and enthusiastically fascinated with the machine, eager to assimilate human actions to parallels with machines.
I would like to note two puzzles which arise from the films Youngblood discusses, but which do not seem to worry him. We can see two general trends or types of film in Youngblood's examples—the classic, mathematical, abstract work of the Whitneys, people who work with computer simulation, etc., and another trend in which the imagery is drawn from the real world, though perhaps much transformed—Belson, Baillie, Hindle, Brakhage, Bartlett and DeWitt, etc. The films of the former group are often intriguing, beautiful, or startling; but it is only films in the latter group which are moving. Why is this?
My own guess is that it has to do with the way our perceptual processes work. We do not really perceive abstractions; if Gestalt-oriented psychologists such as Rudolf Arnheim are to be believed, abstractions are indeed inherent parts of the methodology of the perceiving process itself. "Pure" shapes such as those of the Whitney films thus pose a kind of short-circuit situation; in this they are perhaps akin to certain antique mosaics or some op art. They cannot be sufficiently mixed and muddled to be stimulating to our entire perceptual resources, like part of the real world; it is too obvious that they are simply what they are, whereas our evolution has equipped us precisely to cope with
those appealing or disturbing things whose nature may not be obvious. Youngblood is scornful of the repetitions and tautologies of the fiction drama film; but repetitions are pretty clearly the stuff of our mental processes, and I would hazard indeed that it is in certain obscure repetitions (perhaps of earlier experiences we happen to share with the film-maker) that we would find the source of what touches us—even in quite abstract films like Re-Entry .
The other puzzle concerns the visual characteristics of images that have been passed through a video system—like those of OffOn, Moon 69, The Leap , and so on. It seems to me that their characteristic visual style is significant in some way, but I don't know of what. Of course they have scanning lines: a constant visible interference with clear vision. Their colors are photoluminescent, rather than the dye colors of ordinary photography; with such colors it is impossible to achieve quite what we think of as "natural" tones, as of skin, leaves, earth, or water. Moreover, that crucial superimposition is an immensely easier and more flexible technique in video than in conventional film work, and some kinds of color keying and dropping-out can be done in video that cannot be done in film at all, or only through the most tedious kind of hand work. All these qualities of the video image certainly make for a "dramatic" image, that is, an image whose own nature is a strong focus of attention, just as they go against a "realistic" image, that is, an image that seems to be transparent in the way Bazin loved.
It may be that imagery of this sort is properly nameable as hallucinatory : vision in which the heuristic or biological function of sight is subsumed to an introspective, purely "visionary" function: one in which we no longer see in order to learn or to act, but in order to enjoy seeing itself . (We might, clearly, argue certain parallels between this kind of imagery and modern painting.) Youngblood is curiously reticent about the relation between drugs and "expanded cinema," but it is commonplace among heads that certain films are "trippy" while others are not. Films, indeed, offer the opportunity for a kind of tripping that painting, for instance, cannot offer, no matter how "visionary" the painter tries to be. (Most hip painting, ironically, turns out merely fanciful in a grotesque way, without any of the magical perceptual stimulation of the film trips.)
If we are entering an era of hallucinatory film in some such sense, this may also explain away one difficulty about video transformation work. With a network control room at your disposal you can do what Youngblood visualized as happening at a visual synthesizer: you can transform images according to dozens of technical commands, superimposing, echoing, changing their color, contrast, orientation in space, and so on. Putting into the machine only a few minutes of color film original, you could come out with hours of wildly varied and superimposed material, like a huge symphony based on the theme
"Row, Row, Row Your Boat." But if the conventional narrative film is formalized and redundant, what would we say of such an operation?
No: the artist must still deal with his images; no machine can do it for him. And art is long and madness-making. In the end, Youngblood's heresy is the familiar American one, that technology can save us, that by building a better object we can redeem our souls. In his Los Angeles terminology, this approach leads to "the new man." So it may, alas. But it won't lead to good films.
If, as both Farber and Youngblood imply, we are indeed entering an era of unrealistic or even hallucinatory cinema, in both the feature and underground or independent films, can we foresee anything of the questions that aesthetic theory must try to answer? Rudolf Arnheim, in his pioneer work four decades ago, dwelt on the nonrealistic elements of the film image—those aspects of it which abstracted from (or distracted from) its faithfulness to things photographed. Yet Arnheim was able to do this kind of analysis comfortably precisely because an abiding faith in reality still existed: film might abstract from reality, all right, but everybody knew it was still there, waiting to be kicked, like the tree Johnson used to refute Bishop Berkeley. With Youngblood and other media freaks, this basic certainty has been seriously eroded, though not perhaps as seriously as they like to imagine. But do we therefore face an era solely of what Henderson calls part-whole theories: theories of formal organization, in which what is represented or used as material for art is of little interest compared to the ways in which the artist manipulates it? I think not, basically because there is now a much greater sophistication among us about the relations between artistic styles and social phenomena. Purely formalist theories, thus, are likely to seem empty and decadent to most people who care about such things. Hard though it may be, we are going to have to develop theories which deal both with forms and with their relation to audiences and the societies to which the audiences belong.
Such theories cannot be developed in isolation from the rest of our cultural life, nor in isolation from our personal lives and personal relations with films and other film-goers; we have to try anew to make sense of the current movie-going experience (or the electronic forms that displace it) just as "going to the movies" made social and intellectual sense to Kael or Farber in their youth. No search for meaning or value in art can be conducted on the basis solely of pure sensitivity and intelligence, as Pechter imagines; any search for meaning is inevitably engaged in some kind of social debate or indeed (to use a hackneyed term that is still viable) struggle. A critic's intelligence cannot be "committed," in the sense that Kael has made pejorative, but it cannot help being engaged with some explicit sense of the potentialities of film art and of our culture generally. There is no need to conceive these potentialities dogmatically or narrowly; but
critics must try to conceive of them in some way, and apply their conceptions aggressively to developments in film-making, if criticism is not to be simply entertaining opinion-mongering.
It would seem, then, that the particular task confronting our little film magazines at present is to seek out and develop critical writing with some theoretical ambitiousness and bite. Obviously no one can will ideas into being; they must come from our social experience, as Eisenstein's were stimulated by the Russian Revolution and Bazin's by the Liberation. But among the many new and good writers who are coming out of the great wave of interest in film, I hope that we editors can manage to find and encourage and publish those who are engaged in developing the genuinely new ideas we need.


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the first impression is when you get all the "red" on the outside walls. impossible not to notice. the lobby is very nice and treated. the rooms are spacious and vintage although perhaps we should say "old" and with antique furniture 70s style. shame about the carpet available throughout the hotel do not have a shuttle to the airport
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I saw this dragonfly clinging to my apple mint plant. It looked lifeless but after a couple of minutes of taking pictures of it seem to revive it self slowly then shot away.
2 great shots Dave nice job!!
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I'm sure Paul,little surprising. Thank you Ian for you comment.
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The FreeKidsCrafts Team
http://www.freekidscrafts.com/You'll be the "Cat's Meow" at the Halloween Parade with these black cat ears from the Free Kids Crafts Team. Just pair them up with a black leotard, some face paint and a black cat tail and get ready for a howling good time.
Printable Ears (click below, pattern has two sets)
Two Black Pipe Cleaners
Black Eyebrow Pencil for Nose and Whiskers
Twist together ends of the pipe cleaners. Form a pipe cleaner loop to sit on top of your head and twist other ends together. Print ears. Cut out. Fold in half (blank sides together) around the pipe cleaner, positioning to sit properly on top of your head. Glue the front and back together. Draw on a nose and whiskers with eyebrow pencil.


text: They've got some really nice prices on a decent hotels. Some of them may be older and some of them aren't as glamorous as some of the newer properties, but with prices starting from just $15, these are better than most motels you'll find for more. Travel needs to end 4/9/12. LAS VEGAS HOTEL DEALS UP TO 50% OFF


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The Folger is open to the public Monday through Saturday from 10am to 5pm and Sunday from Noon to 5pm.
It is closed on Thanksgiving and Christmas.
Admission is free. The Folger is also open for ticketed performances and programs.
The Folger will be closed on the following dates:
January 7–18
Please note that the exhibition hall is closed for installation of the Ireland exhibition.
Monday, January 21 Inauguration
Thursday, April 11 Please note that the exhibition hall is closed in preparation for the Folger Gala. The reading rooms close at noon today and reopen at noon on Friday, April 12.
May 20–September 27
Please note that the Great Hall is closed for renovaton work. However, exhibitions, displays, and a copy of the Shakespeare First Folio are on view in our other public spaces.
Thursday, November 28 Thanksgiving Day
Wednesday, December 25 Christmas
Please note that the administrative offices and reading room are closed on all federal holidays.
NOTE: The Library generally follows the federal government's procedures for closings and delayed openings during inclement weather. If you have any questions regarding our hours, call (202) 675-0309 before 8:45am and (202) 544-4600 from 8:45am to 4:45pm for information or visit opm.gov. To learn about a performance or event, call (202) 544-7077.


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Some businesses in northern B.C. could benefit from an oil spill, according to testimony this week into the proposed Northern Gateway pipeline.
Northern Gateway witness John Thompson told the Joint Review Panel that given what happened after the Exxon Valdez spill in Alaska in 1989, clean up crews attending a spill could generate economic spin-offs.
"Part of the evidence in the spill recovery document is, in fact, a lot of those companies in the Alaska communities made more money catering to the clean-up of the spill than they would of under normal circumstances," Thompson said under questioning from the United Fishermen and Allied Workers' Union.
Northern Gateway is seeking approval to build a $6.5 billion pipeline to connect Alberta's oilsands with Asian markets. The proposal includes a terminal at Kitimat and Thompson was answering questions as a witness on the marine emergency preparedness and response panel.
Thompson said in the event of a spill, socio-economic impacts will range from the impact on resources, like the fishery, the introduction of spill response workers into the community and financial compensation until things get back to normal.
He said it's important for the company to talk with communities about spill preparedness well before any pipelines are built.
"It may mean that some communities simply say we dont want any external workers coming into this community because it would be disruptive," Thompson said. "Well then the spill response approach would be based on precluding workers from those areas."
Although a spill could have a big impact on the fishery, Thompson said compensation and other opportunities - such as working on clean up crews - will ensure people don't lose any income. He said the compensation packages would not just go to those catching the fish but also people working in processing industries.
"The net result of these whole compensation schemes is the idea that at the end of the day, nobody is any worse off than they were beforehand," he said. "So what you would see is that the income levels would remain the same, the source of the income would differ. Instead of getting it directly from sales of product, it would be through the income compensation."
The fishermen's union was the final intervener to address the the marine effects witness panel, but members of the Joint Review Panel did have a chance to ask questions as well. Hans Matthews got straight to the point with his first question - is Northern Gateway confident in its own scientific evidence?
"I think weve seen over the course of the last several weeks, theres a a difference in views about certain effects on certain valued environmental components and social components and thats quite typical of science for different scientists to debate different theories," consultant Jeffrey Green replied. "Rather than say one is right and one is wrong, the approach that weve taken is to say that we do think there are effects, and that we need to take those effects seriously and plan accordingly for that."
Earlier in the hearing the witness panel spent a lot of time talking about the nature of diluted bitumen in water and what conditions could cause it to sink. Matthews asked how confident Northern Gateway was in that evidence as well.
"I wont get into the philosophical side of things here, but Ill basically just state that the 30 years experience I have in dealing with oils in general, knowledge of how these oils behave, the work we did in the lab, I have the confidence that the way weve described the behaviour of
these oils and modelled the behaviour of these oils, Im very confident in the
results that we presented," Randy Belore replied.


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Spanish Address Totem
Filed under: Garden
This is the perfect accessory for a vineyard villa - or if you just want to make your house look like one. The Spanish Address Totem from NapaStyle has a rustic elegance that is understated, but certainly won't go unnoticed. All of the tiles are made of stone and you can have up to six of them, out of seven, customized with a combination of letters, numbers or a grape-cluster graphic. The tower supporting the tiles is steel and stands 34" high, with a base that is 12" square. Price: $350.


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Vintages Wine Panel: Pinot Grigio is enjoying unprecedented popularity, and Alberto and Silvano Zenato's modernist approach to winemaking has helped take the grape in exciting new directions, creating wines of considerable intensity. This refreshing version is quite firm with citrus, floral, pear and mineral flavours leading to a lengthy, crisp finish. My note: Terrific refreshment with zippy notes of lime, lemongrass, chives and grapefruit. Wake me up! Pinot Grigio food pairings: poached sole, steamed mussels.This Zenato Pinot Grigio 2008 was reviewed February 6, 2010 by Natalie MacLean
Serve Zenato Pinot Grigio 2008 between 55-60 degrees Farenheit or 12-16 degrees Celsius. Tip: If your bottle is at room temperature, put it in ice water for about 30 minutes or in the fridge for about three hours to chill it.
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You're watching...
After the Show Show: Kentucky Derby
Anna Kooiman reports from Churchill Downs.
May 4, 2013
You're watching...
Anna Kooiman reports from Churchill Downs.
May 4, 2013
Also in this playlist...
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Auto-advanceThis transcript is automatically generated
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-- -- -- -- -- It was really.
She's a mom you.
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I cannot drink beer.
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She's an out right.
That's what is so yeah the older martini a different audience here is such I was happy tailed -- That's how are you happy happy burger month and can't beat Kentucky Derby day everyone our thanks to hard rock cafe for being here.
And they can he's incredible -- -- -- celebrate with all these new -- thanks -- -- are you very much.
You haven't asked India.
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Here's a slightly off-topic item ... how to listen to iTunes over the internet via their homesharing facilities. This isn't usually possible as the DAAP protocol requires a broadcast which doesn't traverse routers so it's limited to the local subnet. This uses a local proxy (rendezvous proxy) which pretends to be an iTunes streaming server. http://www.sys-admin.co.uk/?p=82
By using the d_itunes plugin I can sync my MM to an instance of iTunes and use the above technique to stream it to a remote location.
Can I do this with MM?


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Opportunities open up for new Tiger talent
WHEATON – Rainy weather and traveling team commitments made this a challenging summer for Tim Brylka and his Wheaton Warrenville South baseball squad.
But the Tigers head coach was still able to reap some benefits.
"It's a time to evaluate a little bit," Brylka said, "and see what you've got for next spring. Our pitching will be OK; we have pitchers coming back and our catcher is coming back and our outfield will be fine. Our question marks are in the infield."
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I actually have finished this book and submitted it. This week the full was requested so-fingers crossed- I'll hear something soon. Princess is book 1 of 2. The conclusion to the story is called The Prince & the Sorceress which I am just outlining at the moment.
Blurb: A sheltered Princess, a masked Outlaw, and a Land forbidden of magic.
Pampered Princess Valandra has only just entered into the Northern province of Thaylandria when shes accosted by the scourge of the regionthe dashing and quick-witted Silver Rogue, the best archer in the land and one who practices the arts of the old ways. It is this same scoundrel who not only steals a kiss before pilfering some of her jewelry, but also opens her eyes to the evil being done to her people. Yet, she has arrived to marry Lord Tristen, the wealthy, studious and at times conceit Earl of Cumberwick. In time, the princess finds herself placed in a hard position in choosing between fidelity to her fop husband and that of this Rogue, the very one whose kisses produce a burning desire deep down inside of her.
With intrigue apparent, everyones loyalty becomes suspect and the line between good and evil turns topsy-turvy. Can Valandra place her devotion in the right man and discover the secrets behind her mothers amulet and the reason for her fathers untimely death before its too late?


text: Beyond Undeath Visionaries among the Damned, members of the Ordo Dracul seek to transcend the curse of vampirism. Devoting themselves to hoary experiments and the philosophies of their leader, Dracula, the Dragons of this covenant seek to discover what lies beyond the Requiem. A Covenant Guide for Vampire: The Requiem™ * Details the history, hierarchy and goals of the Ordo D... [click here for more]


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Synopsis: In this comedy a golden-boy tennis player in search of Life's meaning is corrupted by Hollywood, too much praise, and the temptation to sell out. His life therefore, becomes a metaphor for the morals of Hollywood society. ~ Sandra Brennan, Rovi Continue Reading
Starring: Dawn Cleary, Louis DeFarra, Rusty Durrell, Bruce Graziano


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December 14, 2012
Justin Rowland TarHeelIllustrated.com
Marvin 'MJ' Stewart turned heads during a solid junior year. What's the latest in recruiting and his interest in UNC? ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now for a FREE Trial
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X Stussy Colab The M-51 Fishtail Jacket
Modern, independent and eco-minded outerwear brand Holden sets itself apart with innovative ideas and technical expertise. Born and bred in the Pacific Northwest, Holden knows how to balance performance and quality that reflect personal passions. As the brand expands, they are committed to growing with both the customers needs and an improved environmental impact.
- 100% nylon
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- Drawstring waist
- Hooded
- Styled with Penny Stock The Penny Oxford Shirt in Heather Dark Grey.
- Styled with Naked & Famous Denim Skinny Guy in Black Power Stretch.
- Modeled in size M. See fit guide for model's dimensions.
- Revolve Style No. HOLD-MO7
- Manufacturer Style No. 2120120