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Principality of Hutt River
Principality of Hutt River Micronation |
Motto: Dum Spiro Spero While I Breathe, I Hope |
Anthem: It's a Hard Land by Keith Kerwin | ||||||
Status | Current | |||||
Location | 28°4′28″S 114°28′14.5″E / 28.07444°S 114.470694°E | |||||
Capital | Nain | |||||
Official languages | English (official language) French, Esperanto (per constitution) |
Ethnic groups | Caucasian, Australian Aborigines (Nunda Tribe) | |||||
Demonym | Hutt River citizens | |||||
Organizational structure | Principality | |||||
- | Prince | Leonard I of Hutt (born 28 August 1925) | ||||
Establishment | ||||||
- | Declared | 21 April 1970 | ||||
Area claimed | ||||||
- | Total | 75 km2 29 sq mi |
Purported Currency | Hutt River Dollar, tied 1:1 with Australian Dollar | |||||
Time zone | UTC+08:00 |
The Principality of Hutt River, previously known as the Hutt River Province, is the oldest micronation in Australia. The principality claims to be an independent sovereign state having achieved legal status on 21 April 1972, although it remains unrecognised by Australia or other nations.
The principality is located 517 km (354 mi) north of Perth, near the town of Northampton in the state of Western Australia. If considered independent, it is an enclave of Australia. The principality was founded on 21 April 1970 by Leonard George Casley, who styles himself as "Prince Leonard", when he and his associates proclaimed their secession from Western Australia. The principality is a major regional tourist attraction.[1]
Leonard Casley is considered to be the founding father of the micro-secession movement with dozens of micronations around the world established after being inspired by his success. Australia is home to almost half of the world's micronations.[2] The matriarch of the principality, "Princess" Shirley Casley, died on July 7, 2013.[3][4]
This section describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in-universe style. (September 2013) |
The Principality of Hutt River was declared an independent province in 1970 by Leonard Casley, in response to a dispute with the government of Western Australia over what the Casley family considered draconian wheat production quotas. The Casley farm had around 4,000 hectares (9,900 acres) of wheat ready to harvest when the quotas were issued, which allowed Casley to sell only 1,647 bushels or approximately 40 hectares (99 acres). Initially, the five families who owned farms at Hutt River banded together to fight the quota, and Casley lodged a protest with the Governor of Western Australia, Sir Douglas Kendrew. The Governor replied "no rectification of our Quota would be allowed". Casley reasoned that as the Governor acts as the Queen's representative, this made Her Majesty liable, in tort, for applying an unlawful imposition as the quota had not yet been passed into law. Casley lodged a claim under the Law of Tort for A$52 million in the belief the claim would force a revision of the quota. Casley also resorted to the law of unjust enrichment and successfully seized government land surrounding his farm which he hoped would increase his quota. Two weeks later, the government introduced a bill into Parliament to "resume" their lands under compulsory acquisition. After approaches to the government to reconsider the acquisition bill failed, Casley and his associates resorted to International Law, which they felt allowed them to secede and declare their independence from the Commonwealth of Australia. Casley has claimed he nonetheless remains loyal to Queen Elizabeth II.[1][5][6]
The government of Western Australia determined it could do nothing without the intervention of the Commonwealth. The Governor-General of Australia, Sir Paul Hasluck, later stated that it was unconstitutional for the Commonwealth to intervene in the secession.[5] In correspondence with the Governor-General's office, Prince Leonard was inadvertently addressed as the "Administrator of the Hutt River Province" which was claimed (via Royal Prerogative as the Queen's representative) to be a legally binding recognition.[5] After Prime Minister William McMahon threatened him with prosecution, Casley styled himself "His Majesty Prince Leonard I of Hutt" to take advantage of the British Treason Act 1495 in which a self-proclaimed monarch could not be guilty of any offence against the rightful ruler and that anyone who interfered with that monarch's duties could be charged with treason.[1] Although the law in this matter has since changed, the Australian Constitution prevented its retrospectivity and the Australian government has not taken any action against Hutt River since the declaration.[7] Under Australian law, the federal government had two years to respond to Casley's declaration; the failure to respond gave the province de facto autonomy on 21 April 1972. The Western Australian state government can still dispute the secession.[8]
In 1976, Australia Post refused to handle Hutt River mail, forcing mail to be redirected via Canada. Following repeated demands by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) for the payment of taxes, on 2 December 1977 the province officially declared war on Australia. Leonard Casely notified authorities of the cessation of hostilities several days later.[8] The mail service was restored after a court case deemed that Hutt River stamps and coins were legal within the principality and the tax requests also ceased. Hutt River residents are still required to lodge income tax forms but are classed by the ATO as non-residents of Australia for income tax purposes; thus income earned within the province is exempt from Australian taxation.[2][9] The province displays documents supporting that no tax is paid but the ATO cannot verify the provinces tax status as they cannot by law comment on the affairs of individuals. The province levies its own income tax of 0.5% on financial transactions by foreign companies registered in the province and personal accounts. While the principality does not pay taxes, the Australian government's current official position is that it is nothing more than a private enterprise operating under a business name.[10]
In the early 1980s, the Hutt River Province declared itself to be a kingdom, but soon after reverted to its original status of a principality. The principality proceeded to release a number of its own stamps and coins. In September 2006, Leonard Casely decided to change the name to "Principality of Hutt River" and dropped the word "Province".[11]
The Principality of Hutt River is situated 517 km (354 mi) north of Perth, along the Hutt River. It is about 75 square kilometres (29 sq mi; 19,000 acres) in size. Exports include wildflowers, stamps and coins and agricultural produce which is also exported overseas. Tourism is also important to the economy, with 40,000 tourists visiting the principality every year.[12][13]
While the principality has only 23 actual residents, it claims a worldwide citizenry of 14,000.[14] The principality has no standing army, but a number of its citizens have been awarded military commissions. Honorary guardsmen attend the prince on formal occasions and, despite being completely landlocked, naval commissions have been conferred on supporters of the principality.
Since 2 September 2004, Hutt River Province/Principality has accepted company registrations. At least one company experienced in the registration of entities in traditional offshore jurisdictions (British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands etc.) as tax havens has been authorised to act as a registered agent for PHR incorporations.[10] On 29 March 2005 the Hutt River Province International Business Company announced that it would accept registrations of company trusts which have since been promoted worldwide by registered financial agents.[15] Concerned that Hutt River registrations "may be sold as part of a tax avoidance or evasion arrangement", in April 2012 the Australian Taxation Office warned potential purchasers that the registrations have no legal basis and "could be illegal".[16] A variety of licenses are also available. Hutt River also allows car registrations, including issuing license plates to overseas vehicles. The principality's capital, Nain, is named after Nain in Galilee.
When the Principality of Hutt River seceded, a bill of rights, a brief document outlining the rights of "Hutt River" citizens, was drafted. It also provided for an administration board to govern the principality until a permanent form of government could be established. When Casley declared himself "Prince", the administration board clause lost effect and the Hutt River Principality became a benevolent absolute monarchy, with a legislation committee to draft new legislation.
In 1997, the legislation committee presented a proposal for a constitution to the prince and his cabinet. Although the prince and cabinet are yet to officially adopt and promulgate the proposal, there is a decree stating that any constitution will be in effect while under consideration, except for any clauses that conflict with the bill of rights, so the proposal has essentially become a provisional constitution.[10]
Casley family[edit]
His Royal Highness The Prince of Hutt | |
Monarchy | |
Incumbent: HRH Prince Leonard I of Hutt |
Style: | His Majesty |
Heir apparent: | HRH Crown Prince Ian |
First monarch: | Prince Leonard I of Hutt |
Formation: | 21 April 1970 |
Website: | www.hutt-river-province.com |
"His Royal Highness Prince Leonard I of Hutt" is the style which has been used by Leonard George Casley since his creation of the Hutt River Principality. Leonard Casely was married to Shirley (née Shirley Butler) until her death on 7 July 2013.[17] Hutt River went into a period of mourning, closing some of its services.[3][4] She was styled as "Her Royal Highness Princess Shirley of Hutt, Dame of the Rose of Sharon". They have seven adult offspring, among them Ian Casley ("Crown Prince Ian", born 1947) who is styled as the Prime Minister of the principality and has been designated as his father's eventual successor as "heir presumptive". Leonard Casley states that the use of titles is purely practical as they are required for legal purposes.
Ian Casley is involved heavily in wildflower production, with the product not only being exported to Perth, Western Australia but to many cities internationally. Shirley Casley played host to dignitaries and diplomatic representatives visiting the principality each year[18] as well as receiving television crews and magazine journalists. She was the royal patron and chairman of the board of directors of the Red Cross of Hutt, a parallel organisation to the International Red Cross.[19]
Prince Leonard pursued a number of occupations before purchasing a large wheat farm near the towns of Northampton and Geraldton, Western Australia in the 1960s. A former mathematician and physicist who wrote articles for NASA, he had a star named in his honour.[12] He is an adherent of hermeticism, a subject on which he has privately published a number of research papers and books.[13]
Prince Leonard is the subject of a permanent exhibit at the National Museum of Australia in Canberra.[20]
A set of low denomination banknotes was introduced in 1974. The first Hutt River coins were not issued until 1976. The currency of the Hutt River Province Principality is the Hutt River Dollar, which is divided into 100 cents. The Hutt River Dollar is tied at a one-to-one ratio with the Australian dollar.[clarification needed][citation needed]
First series: 1976-78[edit]
There were four denominations: 5c, 10c, 20c and 50c. These were issued between 1976 and 1978, but the 1978 issue was a proof only issue. There was also a silver $30 coin and a gold $100 coin, struck only in proof.[citation needed]
First Series | |||||||
Value | Technical parameters | Description | Date of first minting | ||||
Diameter | Composition | Edge | Obverse | Reverse | |||
5c | 16.5 mm | Aluminium | Plain | Leonard Casely | Coat of arms | 1976 | |
10c | 19.1 mm | Copper | |||||
20c | 22.4 mm | Brass | |||||
50c | 24.9 mm | Cupronickel | |||||
$30 | 38.1 mm | 999‰ silver | Reeded | ||||
$100 | 25 mm | 24 carat gold | Plain | ||||
For table standards, see the coin specification table. |
Silver Jubilee $1 coin[edit]
In 1977, $1 coins were struck to commemorate the Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II. These coins are known as "holey dollars", a nickname which is applied to the extremely rare New South Wales 5/- coin and the Prince Edward Island 5/- coin, which were cut and counterstamped from Spanish-American Pieces of Eight (8 Reales). Coins of the same design were struck again in 1978, without the inscription "Queens's Jubilee".[citation needed]
Later series[edit]
Most of the coins of later series have specific commemorative topics and are usually made of precious metal. In 1989 a $100 denomination proof commemorative coin was issued containing 1 troy ounce of pure palladium. Sold for $299 in 1989, the 2012 value of the palladium content is $630.[21][22] The issuance of coins went on until 2000, and resumed with new issues beginning in 2007 to celebrate the 60th wedding anniversary of Leonard and Shirley Casley.[citation needed]
Status and criticism[edit]
This article's Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article's neutral point of view of the subject. (September 2013) |
The Australian Government on its official website has stated that it does not recognise the secession of Hutt River Province.[23]
The Australian Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates, Jeremy Bruer, upon hearing that an office purporting to represent the "Hutt River Province" was operating in Dubai, allegedly selling travel documents, stated that the Australian Government did not recognise the "Hutt River Province", legally or in any other way.[24] An Iranian man who claimed to be an ambassador representing Hutt River Province, a Pakistani and a French woman were subsequently charged over the issuing of false passports and attempts to sell land to UAE residents under false pretences. Casley stated that the Iranian man had no diplomatic standing in the principality and had only made a single visit to the province.
Bruer further stated: "The area of land which is described as the 'Hutt River Province' is a privately owned wheat-growing property on the Hutt River, north of Geraldton in the State of Western Australia. It has no special status. It has no separate sovereignty and remains subject to the Australian Constitution and the laws of Australia."[24] Regarding the use of titles, the ambassador said that: "The Australian Government does not recognise the 'royal titles' nor titles of office, such as 'Head of State', 'State minister' and 'Minister for Foreign Affairs' assumed by the family owning the property nor the use of terms such as 'consulates' and 'principality' in relation to the 'Hutt River Province'".[24]
However, the Hutt River Province argues that it is an independent entity within the Australian legal system and the Commonwealth has no right to dispute the claimed de facto legality that it was given in error by the Governor-General's office,[5] and its own failure to respond to the claim.[8] According to Casley, to overturn this de facto recognition, the West Australian Governor's office would have to submit the secession to arbitration, something which the Hutt River Province claims is not done due to legal uncertainty over the result, related to the fact that Western Australia in its entirety was never officially proclaimed as British Territory. Passports issued by the "Hutt River Province" are not legally recognised by the Australian Government,[24] but have been accepted on a case-by-case basis for overseas travel.[12]
In 2010, Brendon Grylls, the Western Australian Minister for Regional Development and Lands, was asked if his state had a position on the province. He replied "Only that Prince Leonard is an enigma ... There is nothing currently on my agenda as Minister ...that relates to that."[13]
Treatment by Australian government departments[edit]
On the whole, Australian Government departments do not interfere with the Principality of Hutt River. While the Australian Taxation Office has issued a warning on its website for overseas investors not to purchase companies from the PHR, it has not otherwise acted against the principality. The National Museum of Australia contains an exhibition on the theme of 'Separation' within Australia which includes a Hutt River Province display which states that Casley had "successfully seceded from Australia".[25] According to Judy Lattas, a sociologist at Macquarie University; "many officials in Western Australia, some quite high up, and even nationally in Australia are happy to play out the myth of Hutt River's sovereignty [by] attending [Hutt River] functions, returning correspondence [and] abandoning the claim for tax."[18]
The principality registers universities in its territory, which is illegal within Australia. However, the government authorities have not acted against PHR[26] and several online universities operate and are registered in the principality. While some of these online universities have been exposed as "accreditation mills",[27] St. Linus University, a government accredited online university based in the Philippines is also registered in the PHR.[28] Similarly, the PHR does not pay taxes to the ATO.[29] The ATO has also stated that Leonard Casely is "a non-resident of Australia for income tax purposes" [30]
Government Social Security was withdrawn from all citizens of Hutt River at the time of secession, including benefits normally paid to war veterans.[31]
Treatment by European government departments[edit]
In 2008, the Council of the European Union issued a memorandum identifying Hutt River passports among known "fantasy passports ... issued by private organisations and individuals" to which a visa should not be affixed. The memorandum makes no recommendation for handling of a Diplomatic passport issued by the Principality of Hutt River.[32]
Treatment by Asian countries[edit]
Hong Kong, while not recognising Hutt River as a country, recognises it as a place in which a company can be incorporated, though no companies were incorporated in Hutt River on the Hong Kong registry. The Hong Kong Registry, however, were looking at reviewing their list of accredited places for company incorporation after the issue was raised in an adverse manner by Australian media.[33][34]
See also[edit]
- ^ a b c "A man's Hutt is his castle", The Age, 24 April 2010.
- ^ a b Micronation Master: Prince Leonard of Hutt River Bloomberg Businessweek 17 May 2012
- ^ a b http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/wa/17938862/tributes-for-hutt-river-matriarch/
- ^ a b http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-07-09/hutt--river-principality-princess-dies-peacefully/4809000?section=wa
- ^ a b c d "Secession Success". The Advertiser. 8 June 2008.
- ^ Hutt River Province ninemsn Getaway 14 October 2004
- ^ Flying the flag for the Waterfront Northern Territory News 18 March 2012
- ^ a b c Ryan, John (2006). Micronations. Lonely Planet. ISBN 1-74104-730-7.
- ^ The Royal Showman ABC News May 05, 2010
- ^ a b c "Offshore Financial And Legal Consultant". The Offshore Yellow Pages. A directory of Tax Havens. Retrieved 9 June 2008.
- ^ Micronation renaming
- ^ a b c Brendan Hutchens (16 April 2003). "Prince Leonard". George Negus Tonight: people. Australian Broadcasting Commission. Retrieved 28 July 2007. "took the title 'Prince', his wife became Princess Shirley, and together they turned their principality into a tourist destination."
- ^ a b c "The Mouse that Roared", ABC News, 18 April 2010
- ^ "The unknown country within Australia", Off the Path, 17 June 2011.
- ^ Development of Asset Protection Structures "Mondaq Business Briefing" Mondaq Ltd. 29 March 2005 HighBeam Research accessed 14 June 2012
- ^ Aggressive Tax Planning: 'Hutt River Province' and international business companies Australian Taxation Office
- ^ "Hutt River's 'princess' Shirley Casley dies aged 85". theaustralian.com.au. 10 July 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ^ a b Rewards for Rebellion: Tiny Nation and Crown for Life The New York Times 1 February 2011
- ^ HRH Princess Shirley Principality of Hutt River.com
- ^ "Exhibitions: Eternity - Separation". NMA Homepage. National Museum of Australia. Retrieved 13 May 2007. "In a further application of bush law he changed the province to a principality and declared himself Prince Leonard and his wife Princess Shirley. He had successfully seceded from Australia."
- ^ Ed Rochette One-man nation strikes again Chicago Sun-Times 19 November 1989 HighBeam Research accessed 14 June 2012
- ^ Palladium prices Live Palladium prices in AUD per ounce.
- ^ http://australia.gov.au/faq/hutt-river-province
- ^ a b c d "Australian Government Does Not Recognise The Hutt River Province". Australian Embassy, United Arab Emirates. Retrieved 22 May 2009.
- ^ Eternity: Separation National Museum of Australia
- ^ "Would you want a degree from this man?" by Andrea Mayes, 25 May 2008, Sunday Times, p. 19.
- ^ New Trends in Credential Abuse (fake universities) Accredibase 2011 Report, p. 32
- ^ St. Linus University University website.
- ^ "Now Leonard wants a uni.", by Karen Valenti, 17 February 2003, Gold Coast Bulletin, p. 15
- ^ http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-05-17/micronation-master-prince-leonard-of-hutt-river#p2 Bloomberg Business Week "Micronation Master:Prince Leonard of Hutt River"
- ^ Heaton, Andrew "Prince-of-the-outback" http://reason.com/archives/2013/05/14/prince-of-the-outback/1 June 2013
- ^ Information concerning known fantasy and camouflage passports
- ^ Mercer, Daniel "Hong Kong gives nod to Hutt River", The West Australian, 28 January 2012, p. 23.
- ^ Wood, Leonie (26 January 2012). "Some like it hutt but others beg to differ". The Age.
- "Mini-states Down Under are sure they can secede" by Nick Squires, The Daily Telegraph, 24 February 2005
- "If at first you don't secede…" by Mark Dapin, The Sydney Morning Herald, 12 February 2005, pp. 47–50
- "Unusual World Coins", by Colin R. Bruce, Krause Publications, 2005, ISBN 0-87349-793-7, p. 240
External links[edit]
- Principality of Hutt River (PHR) The ONLY WEBSITE of the Principality of Hutt River
- Passing of HRH Princess Shirley July 07 2013
- PHR Royal College of Heraldry Honours and Awards
- HRH Prince Leonard's 87th Birthday honours
- "Celebration of Life" Commemorative stamp release Aug 27 2013
Australian Government
- Time Magazine article/1975
- ABC TV transcript/2003
- Interview with Prince Leonard
- Cabinet Magazine Edition article on Hutt River Principality,
- Hutt River profile at Google Books


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Scientific Name:
Acanthurus olivaceus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
Other Common Names:
Orange Spot Surgeonfish, Orange Bar Surgeonfish, Orange Band Surgeonfish
The Orange Shoulder Tang is a very overlooked fish. Its colors are not very bright, but with the brownish-olive two tone coloration accented by the bright orange bar on its shoulder, it is actually a very beautiful fish to have in an aquarium. The body of this fish during its juvenile stage is bright yellow, lacking the orange spot which develops as it matures.
The distribution of this species extends from Hawai'i southward to central Polynesia and westward through Micronesia, Melanesia, the Philippines, and the East Indies.
Because of its size and constant roaming nature, the minimum aquarium size suggested for this fish is 135 gallons. As long as the aquarium is large enough a juvenile and an adult may be kept together. It is generally compatible with other non-aggressive tank mates, but if plans are to keep this species with other Surgeonfishes, it is recommended to add this fish first, or if of the same species, place them in the aquarium at the same time.
Maximum Size:
To 14".
Being a herbivore this fish feeds on filamentous algae, diatoms, as well as detritus off sand bottom substrates. It is best kept in an aquarium with an open sand bottom and ample algae growth for grazing. It usually does not bother corals.


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Online Frontiers: Reports From the Media Frontiers
MOJO Campaign Gets Rising
by Amy Corr, email@example.com
A recent study from Jupiter Research found traditional CRM needs fixing on both the marketer and consumer ends. The study found that email response for online companies could use some improvement. Out of 227 companies surveyed, only 38% responded within six hours and 23% either responded after three days or not at all. On the other hand, U.S. consumers received an astonishing 140 billion emails in 2001, so how many of these messages are getting through.
This news hits legitimate email marketers hard, and leaves them looking for new ways to get their message in a person's inbox, without having it deleted before its read. Using their already existing CRM database, companies are personalizing their messages to boost open and response rates. Here's a look at a recent CRM case study doing just that.
Wells Fargo wanted to branch out to a larger audience, and enlisted the help of its existing consumers. Using MOJO mail, Wells Fargo participated in a viral marketing campaign that encouraged its audience to send Wells Fargo content emails to their friends. Called "Forward this email to an Associate," each email sent in the campaign came with a link to click on, should a person choose to send this information to a colleague. The thought behind this was that if the Wells Fargo email was sent by someone the person knew, it would be better received than if it came from a generic Wells Fargo address. This campaign allowed Wells Fargo to increase their audience and track the number of friends that received the email along with those that clicked through to the site.
eMarketer Bullish on 3G
by Amy Corr, firstname.lastname@example.com
J. D. Power and Associates recently released a study showing that wireless phone use is up 7.6% in the largest U.S. markets, but despite increased usage, a drop-off in subscribers is simultaneously occurring nationwide.
Another study, by the Yankee group, found that wireless usage in the U.S. will practically double its 2001 levels and reach 200 million subscribers by 2006. Overall, both surveys deliver some hope to an industry that took its share of hits this year. Meanwhile, eMarketer has conducted a study on 3G and whether wireless users in the U.S. are ready to fully embrace it.
Here are some of its findings. The audience showing the most interest in mobile data services is adults under the age of 25. According to Ben Macklin, senior analyst at eMarketer, with 3G, "mobile Internet users will be playing games, surfing the Web, using instant messenger, watching video, buying goods and services, and even taking pictures with their mobile devices." Macklin also expects to see hard-hitting campaigns directed toward this young crowd, but warns that companies must price and brand their products accordingly to fit in a young adult's budget.
New York, San Francisco, and Los Angeles are some of North America's largest mobile cities, and the report concludes that the United States is not as far behind Europe and Asia when it comes to wireless technology as everyone thinks. Macklin says that the United States may very well have more 3G subscribers than all of Europe (though Europe has more prepaid subscriptions).
Macklin says that extracting more revenue from current mobile customers will come from added features and capabilities. Recent examples of this include the launch of a combination cell phone/digital camera device by both AT&T and Sprint.
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January 2012
CONTROL UNION'S VERKERK SAYS BIOFUELS WILL GROW EUROPE CANOLA MARKET Scott Larson, Star Phoenix, December 16, 2011 A new market for canola growers is opening up in Europe. While Canadian canola has been shut out of Europe's food chain because of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), the burgeoning biofuel sector can be open to canola oil, said Bas Verkerk, managing director of Control Union Canada Inc. > Read more:http://www.thestarphoenix.com
DOE RESEARCHERS ACHIEVE IMPORTANT GENETIC BREAKTHROUGHS TO HELP DEVELOP CHEAPER BIOFUELS U.S. Department of Energy News, December 22, 2011 Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) have announced a major breakthrough in engineering systems of RNA molecules through computer-assisted design, which could lead to important improvements across a range of industries, including the development of cheaper advanced biofuels. Scientists will use these new "RNA machines", to adjust genetic expression in the cells of microorganisms. This will enable scientists to develop new strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) that are better able to digest switchgrass biomass and convert released sugars to form three types of transportation fuels – gasoline, diesel and jet fuels. > Read more: http://energy.gov
THE FAT OF THE LAND The Economist, 12/3/11 Another way for motorists to declare independence from the oil companies is to make fuel at home -- well, diesel at least. Peter Ferlow, of Vancouver, British Columbia, is one of the leaders of a growing band of enthusiasts who brew their own car fuel. His diesel engine runs on oil collected from the kitchen of a local pub. For as little as $620, an off-the-shelf reactor can be purchased to produce batches of 120 litres. Or, if authorities ban home esterification, with a bit of modification, many diesel engines will run on unesterified vegetable oil, too. >Read more: http://www.economist.com
NEB REPORT FORECASTS SECURE ENERGY FUTURE FOR CANADA TO AT LEAST 2035 National Energy Board News Release, November 22, 2011 A National Energy Board (NEB) report examining energy trends in Canada projects that Canada's energy supply to 2035 will grow to record levels and energy markets will function well, providing Canadians with adequate energy. The share of biofuels in transportation-sector energy consumption triples over the projection period, from 1.1 per cent to 3.3 per cent in 2035, while the share of renewable-based electricity generation increases from 62 per cent to 67 per cent in 2035. > Read more: http://www.neb-one.gc.ca
RENEWABLES — DISRUPTOR? OR DISRUPTED? Garry Golden, Mechanical Engineering, December 2011 Compare lifecycle costs and relative merits of leading renewable energy technologies. Traditional forecasting techniques offer only a limited view compared to scenarios that explore key uncertainties about how renewable systems might evolve in the years ahead: fast growth but slow capture of market share. Today, renewables account for 8 percent of U.S. national energy production. But numbers can be misleading. Most of this market share is not due to the symbolic renewables of wind and solar that dominate the current U.S. and global discussion, but to the more traditional renewables of biomass and hydroelectricity. But expect the unexpected. > Read more: http://memagazine.asme.org
SUNN HEMP SHOWS PROMISE AS BIOFUEL SOURCE Ann Perry, USDA ARS News, January 3, 2012 Work by scientists at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) suggests that farmers in the Southeast could use the tropical legume sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) in their crop rotations by harvesting the fast-growing annual for biofuel. The HHV (higher heating value) for sunn hemp biomass exceeded the HHV for switchgrass, bermudagrass, reed canarygrass and alfalfa. > Read more: http://www.ars.usda.gov
WOOD: THE ULTIMATE "DROP-IN" FUEL David Bransby, Biofuels Digest, December 28, 2011 Wayne Keith has come up with his own version of a "drop-in" fuel: wood, or any other biomass you can deliver in small chunks, that can literally be dropped into the down draft gasifier that powers his pickup. To accomplish the task, Wayne used some knowledge found by the Germans who had figured out how to run their military vehicles with small wood gasifiers when they ran out of gas supplies in World War II; and adding to that, his own experience with building wood burning stoves and working on cars helped. In 2011, Wayne officially broke the world wood gas speed record on the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah, independently recorded at 71 mph. > Read more: http://biofuelsdigest.com
BIO-BASED CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS GROW 140% TO $19.7 BILLION IN 2016 Lux Research News Release, December 13, 2011 A recent report by Lux Research predicts that the bio-based chemicals and materials industry, carefully nurtured from labs to factories, has reached a tipping point and capacity will double in market potential to $19.7 billion in 2016, as its global manufacturing capacity zooms 140%. Consumer preference, corporate commitment, and government mandates and support – are driving development in this space. Other findings: Bioplastics steal the scene but will slow down; Cellulose polymers and starch-based plastics dominant; Consolidation will occur both within sectors of bio-based materials manufacturing, and regionally, as leaders buy up technologies and access to feedstock. > Read more: http://www.luxresearchinc.com
CHEMICALS AND BIOFUEL FROM WOOD BIOMASS Physorg.com, December 19, 2011 A method developed at Aalto University in Finland makes it possible to use microbes to produce butanol suitable for biofuel and other industrial chemicals from wood biomass. Butanol is particularly suited as a transport fuel because it is not water soluble and has higher energy content than ethanol. > Read more: http://www.physorg.com
COKE INVESTS IN FIRMS TO ACCELERATE BIOPLASTICS Mike Verespej, European Plastics News, December 16, 2011 Coca-Cola Co. is investing millions in three bio-based companies (Virent, Gevo, and Avantium Research and Technology) in an effort to accelerate the development of a PlantBottle made entirely from plant-based feedstocks. Coke's aim is to advance the technology to make purified terephthalic acid from non-petroleum sources. > Read more: http://www.europeanplasticsnews.com
DANVILLE FIRM WORKS ON PLANT-BASED COMPOSITE MATERIALS Tara Bozick, GoDanRiver.com, December 11, 2011 What if natural fibers could replace fiberglass for bio-renewable materials that weigh even less? Start-up product development firm 3F has developed a chemical coating treatment to apply to bast fibers (from the skin of a plant) to overcome the problem of moisture absorption and to better connect the fiber and plastic for a stronger reinforced plastic. > Read more: http://www2.godanriver.com
FROM COCONUT HUSKS TO CAR PARTS Canadian Plastics, 12/18/11 In an effort to reduce the use of petroleum and make the parts lighter and more natural-looking, the Ford Motor Co. has teamed up with branded consumer product manufacturer Scotts Miracle-Gro Company to incorporate coconut fibers as a renewable feedstock in molded plastic parts for Ford's vehicles. Discarded coconut husks, also called coirs, are a waste stream from Scotts' soil and grass seed products. Ford researchers combine it with plastic to deliver additional reinforcement to the part while eliminating the need for some petroleum. > Read more: http://www.canplastics.com
SOMETHING NEW FROM SOMETHING OLD David Manly, Canadian Biomass, December 22, 2011 Canadian researchers are working on a product that is completely renewable, abundant, non-toxic and could be added to any number of products to make them stronger -- NanoCrystalline Cellulose (NCC). NCC's are extracted from cellulose, found in plant matter, through acid hydrolysis and purified. The resulting product is around 100 - 200 nanometres in length, soluble in water, flexible and responsive to electricity as well as magnetism. Applications range from high-volume products such as composites, paints, and other materials, to low-volume applications, such as tissue engineering, bonding, drug/gene delivery. > Read more: http://www.canadianbiomassmagazine.ca
SONY DEMOS PAPER-POWERED BIO-BATTERY Dante D'Orazio, The Verge, December 20, 2011 Sony recently demoed a battery at the Eco-Products 2011 exhibition in Tokyo that was able to power a small fan using a mash of paper or cardboard. Much like how a termite eats wood, enzymes in the water mixture broke down the cellulose in the paper, and then the resulting glucose (sugar) was harvested, giving the cell the resources needed to make a working battery, without metals or environmentally unfriendly chemicals. > Read more: http://www.theverge.com
UND RECEIVES PATENT FOR REVOLUTIONARY RENEWABLE CHEMICAL INVENTION University of North Dakota Newsroom, December 2011 A UND invention recently approved by the U.S. government will green up the production of several vital industrial chemicals. The patent, titled "Method to Produce Short Chain Carboxylic Acids and Esters from Biomass," is for a technology developed under the Sustainable Energy Research Initiative and Supporting Education (SUNRISE) supercluster program. Feedstock oil from oilseed crops (such as soybeans and sunflowers), algae, microbes, waste cooking oils, and other sources are placed in a cracking reactor where the long-chain oil molecules are broken up into smaller fragments, including short chain fatty acids. These acids are extracted from the reactor outlet liquid using water or a base and purified into commercial grade products, such as industrial chemicals currently used in making polymers and for applications in the food industry, in agriculture, and in coatings and lubricants. > Read more: http://und.edu
UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER TEAM SOLVES GLYCEROL PROBLEM Manchester Evening News, January 4, 2012 Two researchers at the University of Manchester have solved the problem of what to do with a global surplus of a by-product from the biodiesel manufacturing process. The university team has developed new uses for the material by using a bacteria to convert glycerol into succinic acid, which is used in a variety of products from medicines to food flavours. > Read more: http://menmedia.co.uk
YEAST BREAKS DOWN BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC: RESEARCH Trevor Stokes, International Business Times, 11/30/11 Plastic "mulchfilms" spread across fields of hakusai cabbage and daikon radishes keep the vegetable crops weed-free and the drip-irrigated soil moist. However, after each harvest, farmers have to get ride of millions of acres of the plastic. Even if biodegradable plastics are used, the breakdown can be irregular because of the weather and degradation may not occur by next planting. A Japanese research group identified the yeast strain Pseudozyma, common worldwide, that excretes an enzyme that eats away at biodegradable plastics, giving a potential tool in a vegetable farmer's arsenal. > Read more: http://www.ibtimes.com
ARE BIOFUELS THE BEST USE OF OUR LIMITED LAND RESOURCES? Tyler Hamilton, Oilprice.com, December 21, 2011 About seven million tonnes of grain corn was grown in Ontario alone in 2011, and by year's end roughly 30 per cent of that is expected to go toward ethanol fuel production. Food-versus-fuel debate aside, is biofuel production the best use of a renewable but also land-limited resource? After all, corn can also be used to make a variety of "green" chemicals that form the basis of a wide variety of products currently made from petroleum-based chemicals, deriving greater value from the feedstock. So, why is Canada's bioproducts sector as a whole shrinking, when it should be flourishing? > Read more: http://oilprice.com
BIOFUEL ASPIRATIONS SPUR 'LAND GRABS' THAT HURT THE POOR, Ward Anseeuw, Liz Alden Wily, Lorenzo Cotula, and Michael Taylor, 2011 More than 40 million hectares of land have been acquired in developing countries for biofuel production in the past decade, reports a new study published by the International Land Coalition. The topic of this report is most commonly referred to as "land grabbing". It has attracted global attention since 2008, with a series of highly publicised transnational agreements involving the lease of land areas of unprecedented size. Surprisingly, the study found that food production was only the focus of less than a fifth of the land deals. Nearly 60 percent was for biofuels. Authored by leading land experts, this report is the culmination of a three-year research project that brought together forty members and partners of ILC to examine the characteristics, drivers and impacts and trends of rapidly increasing commercial pressures on land. The report strongly urges models of investment that do not involve large-scale land acquisitions, but rather work together with local land users, respecting their land rights and the ability of small-scale farmers themselves to play a key role in investing to meet the food and resource demands of the future. > Read more: http://www.landcoalition.org
THE GLOBAL BIOENERGY PARTNERSHIP SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS FOR BIOENERGY Global Bioenergy Partnership, December 2011 In November 2011 the GBEP Steering Committee endorsed the report The Global Bioenergy Partnership Sustainability Indicators for Bioenergy. It was developed by GBEP Partners and Observers through the GBEP Task Force on Sustainability that had been working since 2008. The report presents 24 voluntary sustainability indicators for bioenergy intended to guide any analysis undertaken of bioenergy at the domestic level with a view to informing decision making and facilitating the sustainable development of bioenergy and, accordingly, shall not be applied so as to limit trade in bioenergy in a manner inconsistent with multilateral trade obligations. The report is currently the only initiative seeking to build consensus among a broad range of national governments and international institutions on the sustainability of bioenergy and on the fact that the emphasis is on providing measurements useful for informing national-level policy analysis and development. > Read more: http://www.globalbioenergy.org
NOVA SCOTIA CLEANTECH OPEN TOP 10 ANNOUNCED Innovacorp News, December 21, 2011 Innovacorp has announced the list of clean technology start-ups moving on to round two of the Nova Scotia CleanTech Open competition. Launched by the province through Innovacorp in September 2011, the international competition is designed to find and fund high-potential, early-stage clean technology companies. It also puts a spotlight on Nova Scotia as an ideal location for these companies to grow. Start-ups selected to move on to round two are required to submit a full business plan by February 1, 2012, and give pitch presentations on their business ventures to a judging panel later that month, with the winner being announced in April. > Read more: http://innovacorp.ca
PROVINCE [Manitoba] LAUNCHES NEW BIOMASS ENERGY SUPPORT PROGRAM Manitoba News Release, January 17, 2012 A new Manitoba Biomass Energy Support Program (MBESP) will provide up to $400,000 in grants to encourage coal users to switch to biomass energy products and support the expansion and growth of the biomass energy production industry, Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives (MAFRI). Biomass is a made-in-Manitoba fuel that can be produced from agricultural residues like straw, oat hulls and flax shives. > Read more: http://news.gov.mb.ca
January 23-24, 2012 FUELS OF THE FUTURE 2012 - 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOFUELS Berlin, Germany > Details
January 23-26, 2012 3RD ANNUAL BIO-BASED CHEMICALS SUMMIT San Deigo, CA > Details
February 5-8, 2012 2012 NATIONAL BIODIESEL CONFERENCE & EXPO Orlando, FL > Details
February 6-9, 2012 INNOVATIONS IN CLEAN ENERGY Arlington, VA > Details
February 7-8, 2012 2ND ANNUAL MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE TO BIOFUELS SUMMIT Chicago, IL > Details
February 13-14, 2012 ENERCAN WEST 2012: ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT Regina, SK > Details
February 23-24, 2012 BIOMASS TRADE & POWER AMERICAS Atlanta, GA > Details
February 28-29, 2012 BIOENERGY FUELS & PRODUCTS CONFERENCE & EXPO 2012 Atlanta, GA > Details
February 29-March 2, 2012 WORLD SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DAYS Wels/Austria > Details
March 8, 2012 5TH ANNUAL BIOMASS WORKSHOP Pineland Forestry Nursery NE 9-8-12E Hadashville, Manitoba > Details
March 13-15, 2012 7th ANNUAL WORLD BIOFUELS MARKETS Rotterdam, Netherlands > Details
March 26-28, 2012 BIC INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE: Bringing Bioproducts to Market: Overcoming Risks to Commercialization Sarnia, Ontario > Details
April 3-5, 2012 ADVANCED BIOFUELS LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE AND RENEWABLE CHEMICALS LIVE Washington, DC > Details
April 16-19, 2012 INTERNATIONAL BIOMASS CONFERENCE & EXPO Denver, CO > Details
May 24-June 1, 2012 CANBIO DISTRICT HEATING AND PELLETS TOUR Denmark/Sweden > Details
June 4-7, 2012 INTERNATIONAL FUEL ETHANOL WORKSHOP & EXPO Minneapolis, MN > Details
October 10-12, 2012 CENTRALLIA Winniper, MB > Details
Manitoba BIOPRODUCTS News is available online at www.itc.mb.ca. Feel free to share it with your colleagues, or have them sign up to receive it directly by sending e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com. We would welcome your feedback.


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We aren't just committed to college football; we're early enrolling in it.
Where the madness isn't just in March.
You have no favorite boards.
I like to think I'm good at FF. I've only played for 3 years and in my 7 leagues had best record in 5, playoffs in 6 , won super bowl in 3(going to another) but this lineup I played for $25 today may be the worst(like B1G bad)
Expert league 55000 cap
QB Eli Manning 4.4 points(duhp)
RB David Wilson 7.1 points
RB Beast Mode(yeah he did ok)
WR Denario Alexander 0 points.......
WR Kenny Britt (yet to play)
WR Josh Gordon 4,2 points against that vaunted redskins pass d
TE Scheffler 5.1 points (only cost me 4700 so wasnt expecting much)
K Henry 7 points
d Packers 10 points
Total 57.04 and if I dont go all rutgersal with kenny britt scoring 70, thats about as sad a lineup Ive seen. Good news 5 of my other 6 teams had denario and I'm going 2-5 this week(I feel so ACC)
Twittter: @Game_Cocks21
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Annual Science Meeting
Our Annual Science Meeting will be held at the University of Edinburgh, Pollack Halls, 18 Holyrood Park Road, Edinburgh from 6 July - 9 July 2009.
The meeting will consist of two main sessions:
- 6 July mid-day - 7 July mid-day: RAPID-WATCH meeting limited to the RAPID-WATCH PIs and the RAPID-WATCH Programme Advisory Group.
- 7 July mid-day - 9 July mid-day: RAPID-WATCH science meeting with oral and poster presentations on topics related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its role in Rapid Climate Change.
This event is for the RAPID-WATCH and RAPID Science community and is an opportunity to present and discuss the latest research results from the two programmes. It will be the first RAPID-WATCH Science meeting so the main focus is on the individual projects' results with presentations from all main investigators.
Confirmed keynote speakers to address the conference are:
- Sybren Drijfhout ( KNMI, The Netherlands)
- Mike McPhaden (PMEL NOAA, USA)
- Josh Willis (NASA JPL, USA)
- Lloyd Keigwin (WHOI, USA)
Please use our online registration form to register. Registration deadline is 29 May 2009.
The deadline for abstract submissions is 11 May 2009.
For further details of this event please contact Jessica Batchelor.


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Sea Turtles At Risk Due To Pollutants
Researchers at NIST's Hollings Marine Laboratory (HML) and four partner organizations have measured for the first time concentrations of 13 perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) in five endangered species of sea turtles. While PFC toxicology studies have not yet been conducted on turtles, the levels of the compounds seen in all five species approach the amounts known to cause unfavorable health effects in other animals. PFCs are man-made compounds that have many uses including stain-resistant coatings, fire-fighting foams and emulsifiers in plastics manufacturing. They are detectable in human and wildlife samples worldwide, infiltrate food chains, and have been shown in laboratory animals — rats, mice and fish — to be toxic to the liver, the thyroid, neurobehavioral function and the immune system. The PFCs most frequently found in the environment are perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).


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Approximate Location
Incident Overview
August 5, 2013 The Area Closure and Forest Service Trail Closures for the Gold Creek Fire have been rescinded
July 29, 2013 Update
This will be the last Gold Creek Fire update unless fire conditions require.
Start date: Identified July 15 Contact: Roger Peterson
Phone: 406-396-9216 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Cause: Lightning
Location: 16 miles northeast of Missoula, MT.
Current Size: Approximately 171 acres Containment: 98%
Resources Assigned: 2 Type II handcrews, 1 Wildland Fire Module, 1 Helicopter. Total personnel assigned are 59.
Transition: Crews will patrol through the end of the shift today.
Closures: Gold Creek Area Closure – Gold Creek Trailhead and West Fork Gold Creek Trailhead will be closed. The area closure extends to all areas west of Gold Creek Road, north of Trail #52 (Primm Lake Trail) and east of the Main Rattlesnake Recreation Corridor. Trail #504 (Porcupine Ridge Trail) is closed. Trail #52 and trails south of the Rattlesnake vicinity are open. The closure also borders Trail #515 accessing the headwaters of Rattlesnake Creek. Trail #515 is open. Closure map located on InciWeb.
Forest Road #126 will remain closed at Cow Creek Gate (approx. 7 miles in). The West Fork of Gold Creek Trailhead (Rd #4323) at the junction of Rd #4323 and Rd #2103 is currently closed. This is approx. 6 miles to West Fork of Gold Creek Trailhead.
Current Status: Crews continued mop-up, searching the green, and gridding all areas of the fire.
Planned Actions: Crews will continue to patrol and mop-up all flanks of the fire searching for hot spots, digging up the burning material using water where necessary, and extinguishing embers. Patrols will continue in all divisions. A Type 3 camp has been established at Drop Point 1.
Weather: Today will be warm and dry day with temperatures forecast in the low to mid-80's and relative humidity between 17-37%. Be alert to possible scattered thunderstorm cells in the afternoon. The chance of thunder storms will increase by midweek.
Stage I fire restrictions will go into effect at 12:01 a.m. on Thursday, August 1, in West-Central Montana. Stage I fire restrictions apply to campfires and smoking. For additional information please contact the Lolo National Forest at 406-329-3750 or online at: www.usda.gov/lolo/
Fuel moisture content is very low creating Extreme fire danger across Missoula County. For more information visit: http://mcfpa.org/fire_danger.htm. Any moisture we receive later this week will most likely have minimal impact on these conditions.
Cooperating Agencies: Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, Montana DNRC, Lolo National Forest
Basic Information
Incident Type | Wildfire |
Cause | Lightning |
Date of Origin | Monday July 15th, 2013 approx. 05:30 PM |
Location | 16 miles northeast of Missoula |
Incident Commander | Nathan Shinkle |
Current Situation
Total Personnel | 59 |
Size | 171 acres |
Percent Contained | 100% |
Fuels Involved | Closed timber litter, heavy downed wood component, subalpine fir, lodgepole, and spruce. |
Fire Behavior | Creeping and smoldering. |
Significant Events | South half of fire in patrol status. Significant progress made mopping up and gridding for hot spots in north half of fire. |
Planned Actions | Continue patrolling fire and gridding for hotspots. |
Growth Potential | Medium |
Terrain Difficulty | Extreme |
Remarks | Transfer of command to Type 3 organization will occurred at 0600 hrs on Thursday 7/25. |
Current Weather
Wind Conditions | 17 mph SW |
Temperature | 78 degrees |
Humidity | 21% |


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Martin Bashir, the British television journalist who followed Michael Jackson for eight months, should have introduced his interview floating face down in a swimming pool and speaking in a voice-over, like William Holden in ''Sunset Boulevard.''
Ethroned behind the gates of his private amusement park, the Neverland Ranch, Mr. Jackson comes off in this two-hour ABC special as the Norma Desmond of Motown: creepy, but almost touching in his delusional naïveté: a victim of an abusive father, of his own psyche and also of his interviewer's callous self-interest masked as sympathy.
ABC paid Granada Television of Britain about $5 million to broadcast the documentary on ''20/20'' Friday. If this was an effort to atone for Diane Sawyer's memorably bungled 1995 interview with Mr. Jackson and his soon-to-be ex-wife Lisa Marie Presley, the money is well spent.
Barbara Walters introduces the interview, but that is the extent of her contribution.
Mr. Bashir brings forth an older, sorrier Michael Jackson with fantasies intact but stripped of his publicity fog of marriages and platinum-selling CD sales. After assuring Mr. Bashir that he has had romantic relationships with women, Mr. Jackson later admits that surrogate mothers had his children, though he called their surrogacies ''a present,'' and Mr. Bashir did not press him to find out how they were compensated for their gifts.


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Because the TriPacer had been sitting out in the weather, I turned back briefly to see if maybe Larry had encountered a problem and had had to land somewhere in the desert. But I couldn't spend too much time because I was running low on fuel. Then, all of a sudden, I noticed the oil temperature and oil pressure were decreasing. The Continental engine in the Taylorcraft had a history of using oil, so I had brought a few quarts with me just in case. Deciding to land somewhere before I seized up the engine, I found a beautiful landing spot on the desert floor and gently put the airplane down without a problem. Sure enough, the engine was low on oil. After adding three quarts of oil, I took off for Lake Havasu City. I really didn't know how long I had been in the air, but I did know that I was running low on fuel and that the nearest fuel stop was Lake Havasu City. I had already used the fuel in the wing tanks, so I knew when the wire fuel gauge attached to a cork in the nose tank could no longer be seen that I really needed to be on final approach to land — somewhere.
As I got closer to Lake Havasu City I was able to contact Flight Service and advise them that I was running low on fuel and really didn't think I would be able to make the airport. They said they would leave the communication line open for me and that they would notify the Civil Air Patrol (CAP) just in case I had to make an emergency landing. No sooner had I said that than the engine quit, and I was committed to land somewhere for sure. In scanning around, the best place I spotted was a cleared-out firebreak on the side of a mountain that looked pretty decent for landing. I advised Flight Service of my intentions and said I was going down. They said they were alerting the CAP and wished me good luck.
The firebreak was located on the side of Cross Mountain, and by landing uphill I felt the airplane shouldn't roll much after touchdown. Plus, I had no other place to land. My approach looked good and the landing was reasonably smooth until I ran through a tall Joshua tree, which made a nice slice in the fabric on the underside of the wing. I had just about stopped and all seemed well and good until I hit a large boulder with the left tire. It was just big enough to cause a jolt and shear the forward attach bolt on the landing gear, along with snapping the landing gear's rubber bungees. By then I had come to a full stop and was on the ground, safe and sound.
All I had with me in the airplane were my jacket and a briefcase that I used to carry all my charts and flying junk. No sooner had I climbed out of the airplane than I could see and hear the CAP airplanes circling overhead. They then rocked their wings in acknowledgment and headed back west toward Lake Havasu City. Even as early as it was, I knew the winter sun would be going down soon, and I really needed to be out of these mountains before nightfall. So with briefcase in hand (which I could have safely left behind!), I started hiking west toward Lake Havasu City.
After at least an hour of hiking (hill climbing!) I neared a peak, at the top of which I had the biggest and most welcome surprise: There in front of me was an International Scout with two men. One jumped out of the Scout and asked, "I assume you're the downed pilot?" At the time this seemed like a strange question, since it must be a rare occasion for someone to walk around in the desert hills (much less with a briefcase). I replied, "Absolutely!" and said that I sure was glad to see them. As we headed back toward Lake Havasu City, I was feeling pretty good about myself considering I had just crashed an airplane on the side of a mountain and walked away without a scratch. That is, until one of the men asked me how I was going to get the airplane off the side of the mountain. For just an instant I felt sick to my stomach. Here I had a borrowed airplane stuck on the side of a mountain and I had no idea what I was going to do to get it off.
I told him the only thing I could think of, which was that, if I could get some help and some fuel, I thought I could fly it back off. They said that would not be a problem and we would go back to the airport and get what I needed. One of the gentlemen said that, before we started back to retrieve the airplane, there was someone in Lake Havasu who wanted to meet me. He said it wouldn't take long, but it was important. It took us about a half-hour to get back to Lake Havasu in the Scout, and we immediately drove to a large convention center. As we entered the building I was escorted to the stage area, where a man was talking to people filling a large room. At that moment he stopped talking, walked over to me, put his arm around me, said "I'm Robert McCulloch" and escorted me to the microphone. At the time I had no idea who Robert McCulloch was! He then reached for the microphone and said, "Ladies and gentlemen, I want to introduce you to the pilot you've been hearing so much about this afternoon. He is here in front of you safe and sound." At that time everyone stood up and clapped, making me feel kind of like a celebrity.
McCulloch then asked me what my plans were. I said I would go back to the airplane, make some temporary repairs, put some gas in it and fly it off the mountain back to Lake Havasu City. McCulloch then jokingly said, "In my opinion, you should head straight for Las Vegas; with your luck you couldn't lose." Everyone in the building laughed. As I was leaving, McCulloch said something to the two men who had brought me, and after that we headed for the airport. When we arrived, I met with the airport workers along with their supervisor, who asked what I needed. I told him that I needed a three-eighth-inch bolt about three inches long, some heavy rope, five gallons of gas, some tools and some men to help remove a big boulder, along with some help to clear me a short runway down the mountain. He laughingly said, "You've got it!" So in short order, we loaded vehicles with a dozen men and equipment and headed back to Cross Mountain.
The temporary repair was not a problem, and in short order the Taylorcraft was back on its gear. Then, after moving the boulder out of the way, the next step was to walk the firebreak off to see how much room I had for takeoff and to inspect for any obstructions. I knew that, as light as the Taylorcraft was, I could get airborne in 400 feet. I stepped off the proposed runway and tied a white rag to sagebrush at the 400-foot mark. I then looked down the side of the mountain and could clearly see that there was more than ample room in the canyon to dive down and safely climb back out toward my destination.


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Saturday, Dec. 21, 2013 | 11:44 a.m.
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Updated: 10:52 p.m. Wednesday, June 27, 2012 | Posted: 10:51 p.m. Wednesday, June 27, 2012
By Katie Wedell
Staff Writer
WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE - The 88th Air Base Wing will get a new commander on July 17, Air Force Materiel Command officials announced Wednesday.
Col. Cassie B. Barlow will replace Col. Amanda W. Gladney at a ceremony scheduled for that day at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.
According to the 88th Air Base Wing Office of Public Affairs, Gladney has been selected for a new assignment as director of communications for Special Operations Command Europe in Stuttgart, Germany.
Barlow, who was previously assigned to the Air Force Research Laboratory Human Effectiveness Directorate at Wright-Patterson from 1996 to 1998, currently serves as director of manpower and personnel of the North American Aerospace Defense Command and United States Northern Command, headquartered at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado.
Barlow will be the third woman to serve as commander of the more than 5,000 Air Force military, civilian and contract employees that comprise the 88th Air Wing at Wright-Patterson. The other women to hold the post were Gladney and retired Col. Colleen Ryan, who left Wright-Patterson command in 2008.
Barlow currently leads a selectively manned directorate that provides manpower and personnel support to North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) and U.S. Northern Command, according to the Office of Public Affairs. She has served in a variety of positions in the information management, behavioral science and personnel career fields at squadron, wing, direct reporting unit, major command, Air Force and combatant command levels.
She is a 1988 graduate of Georgetown University.
Gladney has served as wing commander since June 2010. She succeeded Col. Bradley D. Spacy so he could report to a new assignment as chief of Air Force-Senate liaison at the Pentagon.
Contact this reporter at (937) 225-2124 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
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New year, new look for popular Peer duo
January 6th, 2012
The ideal choice for your file synchronization, replication, backup and file collaboration needs, Peer has unveiled two exciting upgrades for 2012.
Purple Rage Software is delighted to welcome PeerLock v3.6.5 and PeerSync Observer v3.6.5 to its portfolio of products.
PeerLock v3.6.5 has been enhanced to allow full visibility of your locked files, even when running in a DFS environment, while Observer/Administrator now incorporates full visibility of your PeerLock environment.
If your business or organisation has a maintenance contract with Purple Rage, you can upgrade to these latest versions.
For more details, contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com or call Jan or Rob on 01684 576343.
PeerLock v3.6.5
Thanks to the addition of a Read-Only PeerLock version, you will be able to view your locked and released list through the PeerLock interface, even if PeerLock is running as a Windows Service.
The Read-Only Display Mode allows you to:
- View all jobs and associated statistics;
- View all locked and released files;
- Save all lists (Locked Files, Released Files, and Job Selection List) into a CSV file format.
Another plus point is a fully customisable display and column selection.
PeerSync Observer v3.6.5
New for Observer/Administrator is a two-tiered PeerLock Display, which boasts the following features:
- Shows PeerLock application state similar to the PeerSync Status Display in the Observer;
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- Ability to view log files for local or remote PeerLock instances.
Administrators will also receive an e-mail notification on PeerLock Status Changes.
New license keys are required for all of these upgrades. Call Purple Rage Software to find out more.


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- June 1, 2008
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aholeyfield#222063 writes:
Dorsey is better than most big men that come off the bench. Just look at the Grizzlies' big men, they don't hustle like Dorsey could if he was given a chance. Yeah, Dorsey is a poor free throw shooter but he'll play defense which is something that most NBA players hate to do. I'm not saying Dorsey is the best big man in the draft, but what he could bring to a team could be great.
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Our Destination Experts have stayed in our rentals and will help you book the perfect vacation.
Located near Loon Mountain, Cannon Mountain, and The Kancamagus Pass, the Nordic Inn provides a traveler with excellent, home like accommodations with the amenities you need like a hotel or a motel would. Family vacationers love the full kitchens. Even though it is a condominium, it is as easy to book a room as any other Inn, hotel or motel.
Two Bedroom, rear 2nd floor with balcony. Masterbedroom offers King bed, TV, full bath and walk-in closet. Guest bedroom offers 2 Queen beds, full bath and walk-in closet. Fully applianced and utensiled kitchen with breakfast bar and 3 stools; dining area with table and 6 chairs. Living room area features gas fireplace, A/C, TV/DVD/VCR. High Speed WiFi and free local calls. Full fitness center onsite features indoor pool & hot tub, outdoor seasonal hot tub, outdoor seasonal pool, game room, cardio room, weight room and 3 saunas.
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Formal Lectures 2003 (June 11). "Putting Google in Its Place: Understanding and Enhancing the Internet Search Behavior of Undergraduate Students." Paper presented at eLit 2003: The 2nd International Conference on eLiteracy, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland.
2002 (November 16). "Assessing Student Use of the Web." In E. Abels & B. Wildemuth (Co-chairs), Measuring Search Behaviors: Current and Proposed Methods. 2nd Annual Research Symposium of the Special Interest Group on Information, Needs, Seeking, and Use to be conducted at the American Society for Information Science and Technology (ASIST), Philadelphia, PA.
2002 (July 25). "Theory Development and Website Usability Studies." In S. Erdelez, K. Pettigrew, & D. Sonnenwald (Conveners), Theory Development in Information User Studies. Symposium conducted at CoLIS 4: Emerging Frameworks and Methods. Fourth International Conference on Conceptions of Library and Information Science, Seattle, WA.
2002 (April 11). "Student Perceptions of Website Usability." Center for Teaching and Learning and the Office of the Provost, Seventh Annual Faculty Research Forum conducted by St. John's University, New York.
2002 (March 21). "Information Literacy and Usability Research: Giving Users a Voice in Planning Program Content." Paper presented at the International Conference on IT & Information Literacy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland.
This research report generated a great deal of interest from conference participants and was cited for its excellence in two subsequent reviews of the conference:
Rader, H. (2002). "IT & ILit 2002: The 1st International Conference on IT and Information Literacy" Library Hi Tech News, 19 (6), 21-23.
Webber, S. (2002). "Getting the Knowledge" Library and Information Update, 1 (7), 52-53
Other Presentations2003 (October 24). Information Literacy and the Scientific Process: Connecting Basic Skills and Disciplinary Needs. METRO Science Librarians Annual Meeting, New York, NY.
2003 (October 22). Broadening Our Conceptions: Curricula, Pedagogy, and Information Literacy. (with Margit Watts, University of Hawaii). Learning Times Library Online Conference.
2003 (October 3). Information Literacy, Best Practices, and Middle States. The 5th Biennial Conference for Academic Libraries in New York State, Assessment: Measuring Resources and Services in Academic Libraries. Syracuse, NY.
2003 (March, July, October). Characteristics of Best Practices in Information Literacy." Instructor (with Margit Watts, University of Hawaii). Learning Times Workshop sponsored by the TLT Group and ACRL eLearning.
2003 (April 10). Discussion Facilitator. "Best Practices in Information Literacy: Assessing Your Program." (Preconference) ACRL 11th National Conference Learning to Make a Difference, Charlotte, NC.
2002 (August 20). Presenter. "Using Print Resources." Library Connections Summer Institute, Archdiocese of New York, Cathedral High School, New York, NY.
2002 (June 25). Discussant (with Thomas Kirk, Earlham College). "Best Practices in Information Literacy: Preliminary Observations from Association of College and Research Libraries' Information Literacy Best Practices Initiative." Teaching, Learning, Technology (TLT) Group Desktop Lecture Series, HorizonLive Webcast. 2002 (June 11-13). Discussion Facilitator. ACRL Best Practices in Information Literacy Invitational Conference. Association of College and Research Libraries, Institute for Information Literacy, Best Practices Project Team, Atlanta, GA.
2002 (June 8-22). "Equitable Information Access as a Civic and Moral Responsibility: Religion, Race and Social Justice in a Technological Society." In G. Orfield, Religion, Race and Social Justice. 2002 Erasmus Institute Summer Faculty Seminar conducted by the University of Notre Dame, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY. I was one of only six scholars from across the country, and the only St. John's faculty member, to be selected to participate in this seminar.
2002 (April 23). Discussant (with Thomas Kirk, Earlham College and Michael Bell, Elmhurst College). "Best Practices in Information Literacy." Teaching, Learning, Technology (TLT) Group Desktop Lecture Series, HorizonLive Webcast. 2002 (April 4). Paper presentation. "Service Learning in LIS Education: Developing Learning Partnerships with Communities in Need." Catholic Library Association Convention, Atlantic City, NJ.
2001 (October 3). Keynote Address. "Getting from Kindergarten to College: Benchmarking Library Skills for All Levels." Hudson Valley Library Association. The Collegiate School, New York, NY.
2001 (October 1). Guest Lecturer. "Reference and Public Services in Special Libraries." St. John's University, Division of Library & Information Science, LIS 232: Special Libraries and Information Centers.
2000 (May 12). Presenter. "Evaluating the School Library Collection." St. John's/New Visions Principals' Conference, Jamaica, NY.
1999 (February 22). Presenter. "Designing Library Instruction for Graduate Students." University Libraries, St. John's University.
1999 (January 28). "Service Learning in LIS Education: Preparing Students for the Next Millennium." Paper presented at the Association for Library and Information Science Education National Conference, Philadelphia, PA.
1998 (June 29). Chair and Moderator. Equity in Education in the Electronic Age. Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL), Education and Behavioral Sciences Section (EBSS) Program at the American Library Association (ALA) Annual Conference, Library of Congress, Washington, DC. Program was co-sponsored by ACRL/EBSS, the ALA Committee on Legislation, the Task Force on America Reads, the National Library of Education and the U. S. Department of Education.


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Band Name: FRY
Musical Style: Alternative Rock Home Base: Seattle, WA Band member names and Instruments: Ephraim Gallor: guitars, vocals Dave Crossett: drums Annemarie Paget: bass Spotlight Facts: *Self-titled debut CD release April 2003 *Distributed by Garageband.com, CDbaby.com, Sonic Boom, Easy Street Records *Frequent club and festival performances throughout the Northwest with all original members *Hundreds of active subscribers to FRY E-zine Additional Facts: *Band Promotions by Talent2K and DD Entertainment *Ads in The Stranger, The Weekly, The Medallion, The Seattle Sinner *Promotional material placed in over 400 locations Contact Information: Ephraim Gallor (Media Manager) 9032 25th ave SW Suite #201j Seattle, WA 98106 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Phone:206-412-0410 BIO Fry is a three piece hard rock band from Seattle, Washington. Their music has been called "a fresh brand of rock and roll." For the past six months FRY has been gigging, writing and recording their highly anticipated second release. The members of FRY are currently supporting their self-titled debut CD (produced by Tom Pfaeffle and Kelly Gray) throughout the west coast. Upcoming shows in Portland and Eastern Washington are helping to expose many new people to FRY. Their debut CD is filled with hard rocking riffs countered with very powerful vocal melodies. "Pissed" and "Shorn" are great originals and their cover of "Kashmir" is mind-blowing. Live is the way to see this band, full of energy and focus, their unique style never gets in the way of the songs. Working with shades of Ozzy, Queens of the Stone Age, and AC/DC, FRY takes a bold stand to re-establish rock as a strong and proud form of music. Using this creative sound FRY delivers a variety of songs that should be cranked to 11. Each member is part of this whole. Singer/ guitarist Ephraim Gallor riffs and as if his life depended on it while Dave Crossett pounds the skins with an unending pulse. Add to this formula Annemarie Paget who grooves with the skilled hands of a master, there is no stage or audience that this band can't energize. With the occasional mellow song, FRY flexes its muscle as a songwriting group by demonstrating carefully crafted songs and awesome melodies. FRY's upcoming effort promises to bear out all of the promise of their debut. FRY welcomes a recent partnership with Next Generation Music who will rlease FRY's upcoming full length CD. Recent Songwriting sessions have yeilded a number of high energy, hard rocking tunes. With their new CD, FRY are set to fullfil all expectations. Be sure to check out your favorite record store and pick up their debut release! Stay tuned for downloadable songs from FRY's upcoming release!!! Check out the artist's website: http://www.FryRock.com Track List: 1. Rock N Roll 2. Shorn 3. Drop B 4. Kashmir 5. One Step 6. Smiling Red Cheeked Girls 7. Pissed 8. Seven 9. Imagination 10. For Sure 11. 52 Years 12. Stand Suggested CDs:


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Governor Deval Patrick detailed a plan Tuesday to produce 10,000 multifamily housing units a year through 2020 in an effort to keep young professionals from leaving Massachusetts. The initiative includes a program called Compact Neighborhoods that will "encourage and create" housing near workplaces, public transportation, and city and village centers, Patrick said. The plan is meant to complement other state initiatives that promote co-called smart-growth — the creation of housing near train stations and urban centers, state officials said.
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ViewsAnahuac National Wildlife RefugeFrom Opus(Difference between revisions)
Revision as of 03:42, 25 March 2009PLEASE NOTE: This refuge suffered devastating damage during Hurricane Ike in September 2008. Certain areas of the Refuge were re-opened on Dec. 13th, 2008. These are Shoveler Pond, The Willows, the Oyster Bayou Boat Ramp, the East Bay Boat Ramp, and the Skillern Tract. However, use of the boat ramps may be limited because of debris and silt which continues to clog the waterways, even after extensive work to clear them. Please check the official website for more information: [1]
OverviewA national wildlife refuge, over 34,000 acres in size, consisting mainly of coastal marsh, coastal prairie and coastal woodlands. It is part of the Texas Chenier Plain National Wildlife Refuge Complex, which embraces more than 100,000 acres from the Louisiana border to Galveston Bay. Anahuac NWR is located on East Galveston Bay, approximately 1.5 hours drive, east of Houston.
Notable Species287 species of birds have been recorded at Anahuac NWR. Six rail species are there: Clapper Rail, King Rail and Virginia Rail, and Sora. Black Rail is present, but very rare. Yellow Rail are there, too, but almost impossible to see. Best chance is to join the Christmas Bird Count and ride the "swamp buggy", or sign up for a Rail Walk in the spring - see below for more info. Thousands of geese and 27 species of duck winter here every year from November to February. One of the best places to see Least Bittern, Purple Gallinule, Gull-billed Tern, and Yellow Rail. RaritiesCheck-listBirds you can see here include: Black-bellied Whistling Duck, Fulvous Whistling Duck, Mottled Duck, Blue-winged Teal, Northern Shoveler, Pied-billed Grebe, Brown Pelican, Neotropic Cormorant, Double-crested Cormorant, American Bittern, Least Bittern, Great Blue Heron, Great Egret, Snowy Egret, Little Blue Heron, Tricolored Heron, Reddish Egret, Cattle Egret, Green Heron, Black-crowned Night-Heron, Yellow-crowned Night-Heron, White Ibis, Glossy Ibis, White-faced Ibis, Roseate Spoonbill, Wood Stork, Black Vulture, Turkey Vulture, White-tailed Kite, Mississippi Kite, Northern Harrier, Broad-winged Hawk, Swainson's Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, Crested Caracara, American Kestrel, King Rail, Sora, Purple Gallinule, Common Moorhen, American Coot, Black-bellied Plover, Semipalmated Plover, Killdeer, Black-necked Stilt, Greater Yellowlegs, Lesser Yellowlegs, Willet, Pectoral Sandpiper, Dunlin, Short-billed Dowitcher, Long-billed Dowitcher, Wilson's Snipe, Wilson's Phalarope, Hudsonian Godwit, Marbled Godwit, Laughing Gull, Caspian Tern, Forster's Tern, Mourning Dove, Inca Dove, Common Nighthawk, Belted Kingfisher, Downy Woodpecker, Western Kingbird, Eastern Kingbird, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, Loggerhead Shrike, Blue Jay, Purple Martin, Tree Swallow, Cliff Swallow, Barn Swallow, Carolina Wren, Marsh Wren, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Blue-grey Gnatcatcher, Northern Mockingbird, European Starling, Orange-crowned Warbler, Yellow-rumped Warbler, Common Yellowthroat, Chipping Sparrow, Savannah Sparrow, Seaside Sparrow, Song Sparrow, Swamp Sparrow, Northern Cardinal, Dickcissel, Red-winged Blackbird, Eastern Meadowlark, Common Grackle, Boat-tailed Grackle, Great-tailed Grackle, Brown-headed Cowbird, Orchard Oriole, Hooded Oriole Other WildlifeVirginia Opossum, Eastern Red Bat, Nine-banded Armadillo, Swamp Rabbit, Common Muskrat, Nutria, Coyote, Common Raccoon, River Otter, Bobcat and Feral Pig. American Alligator, Snapping Turtle, Water Turtle and Box Turtle, Anolis Lizard, 6 species of snake, Gulf Coast Toad and several species of frog. Over 50 species of butterflies, 10 species of dragonflies and damselflies, and other insects and spiders have been recorded on the Refuge. Site InformationAnahuac NWR is a unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System, administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior. The Refuge is 34,296 acres in size (54 sq. miles) and consists of coastal marsh (fresh, intermediate, brackish and saline), coastal prairie (non-saline and saline), and coastal woodlands.
History and UseAnahuac NWR was established February 27, 1963. Recreational Use:
Commercial Use:
Areas of InterestFor a map of the Refuge, go to this page on the FWS website: [2]
Access and FacilitiesTo reach the refuge from Houston take IH-10 east 45 miles to the SH61 exit at Hankamer. Go south on SH61 four miles to SH65. At SH65 continue straight onto FM 562. Go eight miles to FM 1985 and turn left. Go about 3 miles to the refuge entrance on the right. From High Island take SH 124 north about five miles to FM 1985. Turn left and go about six miles to the refuge entrance on the left. From Beaumont take IH 10 west to Winnie. In Winnie take SH 124 south 10 miles to FM 1985. Turn west (right) on FM 1985. Go about six miles to the refuge entrance on the left. The refuge's main entrance is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week year-round for day use activities. The refuge office is open Monday through Friday from 7:30 AM to 4:30 PM. The East Bay Bayou Tract is open 7 days a week from 6 AM to 7 PM for day use activities. No overnight camping is permitted. There is no entrance fee.
Area Map: MapQuest map [3] to Anahuac NWR Visitor Information Station (VIS): The VIS, located at the main entrance of the refuge, includes a nature store, interpretive exhibits and an information desk which is staffed by refuge volunteers. The VIS is open from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm Saturday and Sunday, and every day during the month of April. Restrooms: Restrooms are available at the main entrance across from the Visitor Information Station, and at the southern end of the East Bay Bayou Tract. What to Expect: Anahuac NWR is remote. Visitors should come prepared as there is no drinking water available on the refuge, the closest gas station is more than 20 miles away and there are always mosquitoes! Contact DetailsRefuge Manager, Shaun Sanchez Anahuac NWR
External Links
Reviewsbernerjc's review: Great for rails, shorebirds and fulvous whistling-ducks. Three main areas within the Refuge: Shoveler Pond, the Willows and East Bay. Occasionally good for migrating warblers at The Willows but not consistently good. 290+ species reported from here to Texas ebird (see external link)
Steve Gross's review: Often the most reliable location on the upper Texas coast for Least Bittern, Purple Gallinule, Gull-billed Tern, and Yellow Rail. King Rail will often stand in plain view on the loop road in spring. Can be great for ducks and shorebirds in season; East Bayou Tract good for migrant shorebirds and Fulvous Whistling-Duck (the duck can also be found on Shoveler Pond). Glossy Ibis, Hudsonian Godwit, etc. all possibilities at East Bayou Tract in season. I've seen Swallow-tailed Kite there as well. Pros


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In addition to reflow soldering systems, Rehm Thermal Systems develops, engineers and delivers thermal system solutions as a general contractor, or as a direct supplier. The technical layout of rehm's systems results to a great extent from measurements performed on the parts to be processed, thermal mass, materials, process specifications and required throughput quantities or cycle times. Customer-specific solutions are usually required where high production rates, i.e. short cycle times, are combined with long processing times. Our special systems are the basis for system concepts which take advantage of time-tested, standard know-how. Technically flexible and economically interesting solutions can thus be implemented for the respective applications within short periods of time.
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IAS Evaluation - Proposed WIDA English Language Development Standards
Submitted by dgilroy on Wed, 07/31/2013 - 9:48am
Posted: Wed, 07/31/2013 - 9:48am
Updated: Wed, 08/28/2013 - 11:00am
Thank you for your time and help in reviewing the proposed WIDA English Language Development Standards. The standards are important not only in defining what students should know and be able to do, but also in supporting quality English language development. We appreciate your interest and your commitment to English language development. Please post your reactions and comments no later than Thursday, September 19, 2013.
Download/Access the Standards Here


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Monday, January 24, 2011
Tempe Campus Wanderings
9 comments:
- kristine said...
Oh, Tempe campus. I totally agree that the amount of people on this campus is overwhelming. But you seemed to catch it at a good time!
- January 24, 2011 at 7:27 AM
- Ella Press said...
That last photo! :D
Universities in Argentina are different. We don't have big campuses, small ones, yes, and then there are different buildings in differentl locations around the city. I've no idea why they aren't all together. Maybe it's hard to find such a big space for a campus that large, and the distribute the buildings in the city...?
ellapress.blogspot.com - January 24, 2011 at 7:51 AM
- Viv said...
love your photos, my college campus wasn't like either of yours.. i guess there was an area with some trees and what not haha
myblissisthisway.blogspot.com - January 24, 2011 at 11:18 AM
- Liz said...
my campus is medium sized i'd say. it's a state university but it's super nice compared to a lot of public schools i've seen. the thing i really like about it is the city it's in. :) lot's of fun and outdoorsy things here.
- January 24, 2011 at 2:13 PM
- Ms_SyllyBee said...
Lookin lovely, Miss Chelsea! I love that shot with Scott's reflection in the sunnies! so cute!
i wander, i wonder - January 24, 2011 at 3:53 PM
- sarahdarlene said...
Bringin' back the memories Chelsea. I never got a chance to go to the downtown campus. (They opened it to students the year after I graduated)
- January 24, 2011 at 5:05 PM
- angela hardison said...
aww, that was my campus/home away from home for 4 years. i miss college - but just a little bit :)
- January 24, 2011 at 8:06 PM
- kate maggie said...
Chelsea! Your hair! I cant get over it. I am so in love. hehe. How are you doing girl? Is it weird that I miss some bloggers even though we dont know eachother in real life and never talk? I really am wondering how you are though and hope that you are well!! I wish I went to university..but I dropped out three years ago and have not had enough guts to reapply haha. :)
- January 25, 2011 at 9:21 PM
- Alex said...
The Tempe Campus can be quite overwhelming sometimes, especially during passing periods... there are masses of people! I love the beautiful scenery I can see when I take a moment to really look at where I am. I love how modern the downtown campus is too, though. My minor is downtown so I kind of get the best of both worlds! I love the pictures! :]
- January 25, 2011 at 10:36 PM