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Cricket: Nichol holds his nerve as Rockhampton win thriller (From Gazette Series)
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WEPL Glos/Wilts Division: Rockhampton (143-9) beat Chippenham (140) by one wicket
12:00pm Friday 30th August 2013 in Sport
ROCKHAMPTON were made to fight hard for victory in a low scoring encounter against Chippenham at the Boundary Field.
Having won the toss and elected to bat, Chippenham would have been very disappointed to find themselves on 13-4 in the face of some excellent new ball bowling from Will Cartlidge and Joe Maiden. Cartlidge (3-23) ripped through the top order, collecting three wickets before Maiden (1-10) picked up a well deserved wicket of his own.
Left-arm spinner James Hancox made the next breakthrough before the overseas pair of Michael Torr and Denson Narayan led a spirited counter attack from the visitors. Following the drinks break however, Chris Perry (2-22) dismissed both batsmen in quick succession to leave the Rams firmly in control. With the tale exposed, skipper Hancox (3-31) picked up two further wickets before Guy Brothwood (1-29) collected the final wicket.
The Rockhampton top order also found the going tough against the new ball and they soon found themselves 64-5 with only Rowan Cartlidge (22) having passed 20 runs.
However, the lower middle order pair of Perry (19) and Maiden refused to give up the chase and slowly chipped away at the target. As confidence grew boundaries began to flow, with Maiden (34) in particular looking fluent, before a flurry of quick wickets left the game in the balance with the final pair at the crease. However, Sam Nichols (17*) held his nerve and struck successive boundaries to hand the Rams a thrilling victory.
Rockhampton travel to Dumbleton this Saturday looking to finish their league season on a positive note ahead of their Village Knockout Final at Lord's on September 8.
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By: Staff Report
Friday, February 18, 2011
Ontario's famous RAP Tour is an acronym for "Ride Around Algonquin Park". It follows one of Ontario's Trans-Provincial snowmobile trails, TOP B, along the southern edge of the huge provincial park between the towns of Whitney and Barry's Bay. Last year, a major abandoned railway bridge across the roaring Madawaska River was closed because of deterioration in its wooden pilings. The old bridge was a big one, spanning nearly 400 feet across and, since it was originally built in 1942, it had carried railway traffic until 1983 when the line was converted to other uses - snowmobile and ATV traffic especially. Here's what's most important: The bridge was integral to a snowmobile route that linked Haliburton County trails to the Ottawa Valley. Initial cost estimates to replace it were in the $900,000.00 range. Just to repair it to safe standards was going to cost at least $700,000.00. After much work by the Opeongo Snowmobile Club and OFSC District 6, government permission was obtained to replace the east and west spans of the bridge, leaving the original, repaired steel center portion in place. In all, the bridge rebuild will end up costing about $400,000.00, a big savings thanks to about a dozen snowmobile clubs and powersport recreation associations as well as many private donors. It was great to see how both snowmobile and ATV groups rolled up their sleeves and got behind the project. One such ATV club was the North Hastings ATV Club, located a considerable distance south of the bridge. Knowing how an open Madawaska route would benefit its membership, last summer the club made a very generous donation of $5,000.00 to the bridge project. This by no means was the only donation made but it graphically shows how the generosity and cooperation of all user groups can make a big project like this happen. Certainly, the investment will yield a return for the club but it was a strictly voluntary effort to support a uniform trail network across the province. We send out a big "thank-you" to the North Hastings ATV Club and all the clubs and associations who got behind this project. Other groups besides North Hastings that donated dollars and services are: - Canadas Economic Action Plan partnering with the OFSC, OFATV and the Government of Ontario - Opeongo Snowbirds Snowmobile Association - Snow Country Snowmobile Association - Eastern Ontario Trails Alliance - Renfrew County ATV Association - Townships of Madawaska Valley and South Algonquin - Bancroft MNR - Murray Brothers Lumber - French Planning Services

subset: commoncrawl


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…A little writer's block must fall. And so it happens that this morning I have writer's block. Maybe its because I just had an emotional goodbye with my Wakefield Middle School Junior Achievement class (emotional on my end, sugar-fueled on their end). Maybe its because I spent the weekend in the beautiful serenity of the pecan trees and grapevines of Willcox, Arizona. Maybe its because its Monday and I still haven't had my morning coffee. Who knows.
Writer's block sucks. So, instead of a blog I leave you with this little Monday morning thought, courtesy of the always memorable Dan Quayle, "If we don't succeed, we run the risk of failure."
Now get out there and do some succeeding!
Happy Monday!


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SKU: 56833 Weight: 0.03
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ADORN-IT: Bumble Collection: Cardstock Stickers. Use these colorful stickers to add a border; phrase or image to any of your scrapbooking projects. This package contains one 6x12-1/4 inch sheet of stickers. Available in a variety of designs; each sold separately. Made in USA.


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Competent Technical Support By Knowledgeable Engineers
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Wires No More!
$159.99 a pair Wireless Serial Adapter (Bluetooth to RS232)
COMM-DRV/Lib.Net is a professional serial communication library component for the .Net Windows development environment. We understand that your time is valuable and have made this serial communication library/component extremely easy to use. After installing this communication .Net (dotnet) component, you should have a working application in less than 5 minutes. Simply load the C# or Visual Basic .Net example and start working.
COMM-DRV/Lib.Net is extremely easy to use whether you are writing simple serial communication applications or complex enterprise applications. The documentation of this serial communication library is extremely easy to follow and includes examples for each component method.
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COMM-DRV/Lib.Net documentation is excellent. Every method includes a fully functional working example that can be copied and executed without any further modification.
using System; using WCSC.Commdrv; class CdrvLibNetExample {[STAThread] static void Main(string[] args) { CdrvLibNet Port = new CdrvLibNet(); Port.OpenComPortDialog(1024,1024);
Port.ModemDial(CdrvLibNet.ModemDialMode.Tone,"+1(281)360-3187") Port.ReceiveFiles(CdrvLibNet.FileXferProt.Zmodem,"c:\\tmp\\*.*",true);
Port.ModemHangup(); Port.CloseComPort(); }}
Port.PutString("Hello World"); Port.CloseComPort(); }}
Imports WCSC.Commdrv Module Module1 Sub Main() Dim Port As CdrvLibNet = New CdrvLibNet Port.OpenComPortDialog(1024, 1024) Port.ModemDial(CdrvLibNet.ModemDialMode.Tone, "281-360-3231") Port.ReceiveFiles(CdrvLibNet.FileXferProt.Zmodem, "*.*", True) Port.ModemHangup() Port.CloseComPort() End Sub End Module
Updated: 07/19/2012


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Discovery begins its farewell to Captain Phil Harris…
As posted earlier, Discovery will air a special next month–July 20th– at 10pm eastern–'Phil Harris Remembered'. In addition to that, Discovery's 'Deadliest Catch' episodes will soon share the story of the F/V Cornelia Marie Captain beginning this coming Tuesday, June 22nd at … Continue reading
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"Deadliest Catch" King crab season (schedule)
The full schedule for the King crab season is out. One on the last episodes has yet to be titled but all eppy descriptions are there. It sounds like it will end with a bang! According to the descriptions, the … Continue reading
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The start of "Deadliest Catch" season 4 schedule!
Is everyone ready for season 4? The episode guide for the fourth season is coming together on the Discovery website. They currently have the first 3 episodes listed and it looks like the April 15th debut is a double episode! … Continue reading
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Tag Archives: interest
The UnBirthday Party
Some of the Church Ladies recently visited Mabel. The Church Ladies are a group of women who serve and support women in need – usually women who are going through medical treatments, bedrest, surgery recovery, etc., but we also help community ministries organizations as well as women we can encourage by cleaning, grocery shopping, gardening…or listening.
Mabel is one of those one-in-a-million ladies. She has poured into people for years. My family sat in front of her the first Sunday we visited the church we now attend, and Mabel took a sincere interest in our young girls. Her genuine attention made a lasting impression on us.
Mabel has lived with pain for many years, but she's rarely let it slow her down, either physically or emotionally. However, lately she's been able to leave her house less and less. So a group of us decided we'd plan a party-on-the-go for her. Her birthday isn't close, but we decided we could celebrate her life any day of the year. Happy UnBirthday, Mabel!
We met after church and packed our cars with a variety of items for a lunch smorgasbord. We tried to keep it simple, so we could pack up the leftovers and leave them for Mabel's meals for the week. We took paper products, so there was no need to dirty any dishes. And who wouldn't want fresh flowers? So, we included those as well. We wore our Church Ladies shirts as we traipsed into the house. We'd asked her ahead of time if we could visit, but I think she was still surprised to see the extent of what we had planned.
Mabel said she wasn't hungry…but she ate a full plate. We visited for over an hour, answering questions to keep her updated on church happenings and listening to stories about her family and recent visitors. We shared memories and laughter…and planted seeds for helping in other ways.
But no matter how much effort we put into encouraging Mabel, at the end of our time together, we felt we received more encouragement than we poured out. As usual, Mabel opened her heart and shared her life in an offering that God accepted, multiplied and showered onto those around her.
Every year, we celebrate birthdays. Living another year is cause for celebration, but each day in between our birthdays are equally worthy of celebration. It's in the moments of those unbirthdays that we have the opportunity to share laughter and lives with others, and when we do, something wonderful happens. We feel a weight is lifted, nearly as if minutes and days rewind and help us experience a renewal. We're refreshed and rejuvenated.
As we sang Happy UnBirthday to Mabel, her eyes twinkled, and she proclaimed, "You just made my day!" Perhaps, Mabel…but you made ours as well.
Already, the one who harvests is being paid and is gathering crops for eternal life. So the one who plants and the one who harvests celebrate at the same time. John 4:36
Who will you encourage today? Many people have unbirthdays today. Celebrate with someone!


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text: Multi-Version Concordance Consecutive (2 Occurrences) Luke 1:3 it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write to you in order, most excellent Theophilus; (See NAS) Psalms 145:1 A praise psalm by David.This is an acrostic psalm, with every verse (including the second half of verse 13) starting with a consecutive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. I will exalt you, my God, the King. I will praise your name forever and ever. (WEB)


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Quick time as default player
how do i set quicktime as my default player for video?
Some Quicktime info Hope it helps
It's in the Quicktime preferences. If you're on a PC, open the Quicktime control panel.
uhg, why would you? it's controls are sucky. I use either winamp or jetaudio (but for some reason windows media player does a better job with surround sound)
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Ol' Black and Blue Eyes Self Portraits
Artist description:
Thanks to KennyJ for helping out with the eyes! That was awesome!
I'm going to leave it at that for now, it began bugging me to much to keep adding to it. ENJOY! :D I must admit, I hate this now.
Created Aug 04, 2011. Unless noted Copyright 2011
Splidge .
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It's amazing I love how you've done the light , it all looks pretty expressive. 5/5h


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This replica has been researched and authenticated by the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The special 10th anniversary edition of this hand-painted Tyrannosaurus Rex is scaled at 1:40.
Made by Safari Collectibles: Carnegie Collection.
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From: | projectat CMU |
Subject: | [Adaldap-devel] destroy |
Date: | Thu, 3 Aug 2006 10:50:35 -0800 |
improve freedoms share AbiSource plant invented natives. invaders Incan barely fields gold. came Church. three four workers during Coqueros exploited stimulant fatigue hunger enhance ABC Time Windows BluesAB CTime.he Birthday Adventure Red Yellow Curse Monkey Island RESOURCE Yeung overBlack Belt Tso Nam Subtitled Federal Local Private Nonprofit ZIP U.S. time. address Why Which collater sorts finished documents envolved apps embedded inside Xt MPL RTEMS MiniGUI compact Graphics Linux. defines Winlike goal iVillage Beauty HayFever Catarrh Remedy stuffed consisted buyers advised Job Resume Opening TEEN HELP RESOURCES ADDICTION Place banner MatLab Bambookit accessed few weeks cockpit airplane takeoff. Nothing happened except annoyed crew linking Ccompiler Severe agitated delirium syndrome toxic paranoid neural changes Word px Global Printed Manual Developer Version ..r Chicago Boyz know R.L.Wells H.G. else isWin bName Reference William PREVIOUS NEXT CONTENTS RECORD Pajama Sam No Dont afraid strip naked nowhere hide child. good. same again. ordinary heating baking soda water cracking heated hence vaporises Sunand GNOMEas theGNOME Office. IDE. Componet spiritual peace Premium PHOTOSHOP Premiere Corel Draw ARCINFO similar GBPEnter Ninja minimize andXt XView nolonger Sun YACL YAAF Yet Another XX tv TuuuuHN b/HRZnaJM NmqnKHXR LIY MJZ Times Adjusting SoftLien masters who guard ancient treasure. feb Compare Sort computing WindU WMMotif WNDX Mac/Win Raven. amodern advantage multiple STL notionof Designby Contract tools. visual editor apr born. security sites solutions suite needs. Searchbox IsoSpider toolkits GUIs emphasis resources due bandwidth consider listed connected Single buying timeframe ASAP months classify midsize employees |
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I purchased my wife a Garmin watch that had GPS and heart rate monitor etc. Most importantly for her it shows how many calories she's burned. So one week after doing a lot of running and biking she starts talking about how many more calories she burned when she does exercises that keep her heart rate up above 80% her max. To which I leaned in and whispered in her ear that maybe... Read More »
13 year old pimp.
I had 6 simultaneous girlfriends when i was 13 and they all came to uni with me. So now they want to castrate me like literally because they overheard me bragging to my friends about my pimp lifestyle back in the day.
The other day my girlfriend asked me to stick out my tongue. She then wrapped her lips around it, sucked and moved closer to me and then further away before breaking into laughter. She then exclaimed "I just gave your tongue a blow job!"
I've always been a bit self-conscious about my inverted nipple, but my girlfriend made me feel a lot better when she said she just finds it funny. According to her, it looks like my right boob stabbed the left out of jealousy.
One night me and a girl i had been dating were watching a movie when things started to get hot. This resulted in her giving me head and when I came it somehow found its way out her nose. Bit of an awkward moment, but one of our favorite stories.


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A good rejection is truly a dying art form. More and more, cowardly people are relying on technological tools to do their dirty work for them. Why suffer that awkward, "I'm just not that into you…" when you can BBM it? And the reasons make sense: It's easier to type than it is to talk and it's scary. Especially, when the person you are rejecting is highly emotional or slightly to moderately crazy.
A brief glance into my own history of dating psychosis, and I'm the first to shamefully admit that I have on occasion, exhibited delusional and/or psychotic behavior. Even back in 7th grade, a time when only Melrose Place characters were allowed to curse, an ex-boyfriend accused me of being "a psycho bitch."
Warm cuddly memories like these do not sit very well with people. So, it should not come as a surprise that rejections are becoming outmoded, just like last season's fashion trends. Moreover, who likes rejection? Nobody. Whether you are receiving or giving – both are terrible and difficult under the circumstances.
The most common type of rejection is getting dumped. Instead of a quick and immediate rejection, someone rents you out for a while, then decides you're not worthwhile after all. This is similar to buying a cute dress, only to return it two weeks later, because you suddenly realize that it makes you look fat. Store mirrors always distort the truth. Relationships have adopted the same policy.
But which is worse? Getting dumped after dating and being "in love" or facing rejection before that stuff ever had a chance to happen?
The last real rejection I experienced fits in the latter category. Joe Schmo was somewhere near a 6.9 on 10-point scale. Still, he was able to score very pretty girls. I don't know how, except for the fact that he exuded that whole, "I'm a vulnerable-indie-rock-listening-tech-nerd-asshole" charm.
Asshole-y is a requisite characteristic for any desirable or attractive boy. This coveted personality trait comes in a wide variety of flavors and types, including: stupid asshole, fucking asshole, nerdy asshole, cheap asshole, athletic asshole, pretty asshole, rich asshole. I've found, every girl has her own personal preference.
Joe rejected me in a really strange way. To be honest, the entire Joe debacle still plagues me.
I met Joe at a temp job. He had a girlfriend at the time, but there was undeniable chemistry between us. I didn't want to admit it, mostly because I didn't find him all that attractive (recall that he was only a 6.9). But Joe got my humor, and I got his. And we were friendly, hardly even flirtatious – all in all, a perfect office relationship.
I was perfectly content with our status as "just friends," because I had just gotten out of a less than satisfactory relationship a few months prior. And let's not forget, Joe had a girlfriend. Even if he hadn't, I wasn't all that sure I could truly be attracted to his nerdiness. Ever since Al Gore invented the Internet, boys have become incredibly cowardly in the girl-wooing department. Phone calls have turned into text messages. Nowadays, Facebook wall posts and Twitter updates have become the most popular tools of seduction. I hate this. I grew up when late night phone calls and love notes stuffed in lockers were the ways into a woman's heart. That was romance.
Joe's dependency on technological communication was a real turn-off. Still, we would g-chat all day, rarely exchanging verbal salutations even though we'd be sitting right next to each other. There was something hilarious about it, and I began to look forward to our daily conversations.
The first conversation that made me think romantic thoughts was when Joe suddenly typed: You make me weak in the knees. I was taken aback. It was cute. Had I really thought that it was cute? Yes. Perhaps it was a bit more flirtatious than usual, but he had a girlfriend, so it was probably harmless. Right? Right. I wrote back: Shut up.
The topic of conversation ended, just like that. But something had changed. We developed a strange and inexplicable tension that continued to gnaw at us between clicks of the keys. An hour later, he confessed that he was having problems with his relationship.
Dating experts and sane people will tell you that when a boy you like starts complaining about his current girlfriend, the wisest course of action is to run for the hills or very far in the opposite direction. I like to stay. Actually, I bring a sleeping bag and camp out right there with him. Unfortunately, I'm that girl.
Still, 25 years of life had taught me some modicum of decency. I typed: If she's a great person, you really shouldn't let things go with her so easily.
Wise words. More importantly, honest words, and I meant them. I really did. I don't know if it was my advice or not, but he continued dating her. Meanwhile, we continued g-chatting everyday, both of us trying to ignore the palpable tension that was still very much present. About a month passed, before he asked me to go get ice cream with him during our lunch break.
Maybe it was a bad idea, but I was so attracted to him at that point, I couldn't help it. I was legitimately smitten, 6.9 or not. Still, I am no home wrecker. Well, not really. He admitted that things were rocky again with the girlfriend and that he had been developing uncertain feelings for other people. I thought to myself, "Of course there are problems! You have been flirting with the temp for two months now." But I kept my mouth shut. My heart was fluttery.
We sat at the beach gazing at dolphins, while we discussed work, politics, his preference for Ben, and my fondness for Jerry. He asked if this was a date. I laughed and said, "No. Three things are preventing this from being a date: First, you did not pick me up in BMW. Second, we are not on a hot-air balloon ride. Third, you have a girlfriend."
We both laughed; the whole thing was kind of lovely. Two days later, he g-chatted me at home: "Things are over. Mark your calendar – we're going to start dating."
We had our first date the following Monday. His hair was a mess at arrival, but I was still enamored. It was nice to feel something for a boy other than disgust, pity, or rage. We dined, then drank, then fell asleep together – all very PG. I definitely made some dating gaffes, like admitting to him that I didn't think I was very special.
Ladies, no matter what, please don't ever admit to a guy that you are insecure – especially at the outset. You must exude pure, unadulterated confidence in EVERYTHING, including but not limited to your body, your job, your mustache, your herpes, your cankles… everything. Women hate insecurity in men, so it only makes sense that guys feel the same.
Despite my gaffes, he asked me for a kiss, and held my hand as we fell asleep, watching Wet Hot American Summer. It was perfect.
The next day, he left on a business trip to New York and promised he'd call. New York came and went, but I didn't hear from him. I was worried, naturally. Actually – I was confused as hell. I do not get rejected, at least not by someone who is a six-point-fucking-nine.
I contacted him a week later (via g-chat, of course), to ask him if he wanted to grab dinner. He replied that he was really busy with work and other various projects. I waited a few days. No word. So, I g-chatted him again to say "hi," only to have him blow me off for drinks with his roommate. I am ashamed to admit it, but there was a third (thankfully, final) g-chat attempt. Since I was already an accomplished gold medalist in dating Special Olympics, I decided to just go for it. I typed: "Qu'est-ce qui s'est passé entre nous?"
Yes. At the time, typing in another language seemed the smartest and safest decision. I was so afraid of the looming rejection that I thought it might be more bearable in a foreign language.
It was not.
He confessed that he was really sorry, but he had decided that he wasn't over his ex, after all. However, he said he felt guilty and terrible because he'd blown his chances with me.
Though he also speaks French, he wrote that in English. I was pummeled. If he had been a hot guy, I would have understood, but to have that crushing blow come from someone who wasn't even conventionally attractive— I was truly baffled and offended. Okay. And sad.
A week later, while stalking his Facebook profile, I saw that he had updated his relationship status with some new girlfriend, some girl that I had never seen before and who was, even more alarmingly, not his ex-girlfriend. Obviously, I clicked on her profile, but it was set to private. The only sliver of public information revealed that she belonged to the New York City network. Hmmm.
They have been together ever since, and I have been excommunicated. No more g-chats, hand holding or shyly awkward glances. My temp job ended soon after, and I realized that I would probably never see him again. I felt sorry for myself, but also peeved. It was a rejection that only occurred because I had to extract it out of him. He was too spineless to tell me the truth, even though I really did deserve better. We were friends at one point after all. We didn't even sleep together. Is it still considered a one night stand if he only gets to first base?
This is what technology is doing to society. Even rejections have become half-assed and lame. And I always thought that forgetting to putting the toilet seat down was the epitome of male indolence.
I still peruse his Facebook profile occasionally. I feel a pang of hurt each time I see them together in their photos. I can't help but wonder if she makes him weak in the knees.


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Can Chimps Learn to Play Fair?
14 January 2013 3:00 pm
If you give a mouse a cookie, will it give you something back? Researchers have long wondered whether animals play fair. A new study in chimps suggests that they do, although some skeptics are not convinced.
When economists and psychologists want to test fairness in humans, they turn to the Ultimatum Game. Typically, one subject, called the "proposer," is given a sum of money to divide with a "responder." If the responder accepts the proposer's offer, both are rewarded. But if the responder rejects the offer, both get nothing. Although results vary, human proposers usually offer about 40% to 50% of the money, and responders reject offers that are under 20%—even though they will end up with nothing for doing so. Researchers interpret both behaviors as evidence for a basic sense of fairness.
In 2007, a team at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, tried the Ultimatum Game on chimps. In a simplified version of the game, the team gave the chimps set options about how to divvy up dishes of raisins, such as a 50-50 split or an 80-20 split. The proposer, in a cage next to that of the responder, made an offer by pulling a tray halfway toward the responder. The responder had to choose between pulling it the rest of the way so that both chimps could get the food or refusing to pull it at all, in which case both chimps got nothing. In contrast with humans, chimps rarely rejected offers of 20% of the food; they only rejected such tenders in experiments where the proposer had the additional choice of taking all of the food and leaving the responder with nothing. The team concluded that the responders would accept even the meanest split as long as they got something, suggesting that unlike humans, they were not offended by blatantly unfair offers.
Some researchers pounced on the study, however, suggesting that chimps couldn't be expected to play fair given the conditions of their captivity, which had taught chimps that they had little control over how much they got to eat, or that they might not be able to understand the complicated tray-pulling apparatus.
To try to resolve the debate, a team led by primatologist Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta has developed what it considers a more chimp-friendly version of the Ultimatum Game. In previous work, de Waal and his co-workers had established that chimps could be trained to exchange tokens for food. In the new study, published online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, de Waal and his colleagues trained six chimps to recognize that such colored tokens, made of short pieces of plastic pipe, represented one of two ways of dividing six banana slices: an equal 3-3 split or an unequal 5-1 split (see video). The proposer chimp chose one of the tokens and then handed it through the wire mesh of its cage to a responder chimp, which had to give it to a human experimenter for both chimps to get the food. In essence, the tokens served as money that could be exchanged for the banana slices.
The chimps seemed to be playing fair. The percentage of equitable (3-3) offers ranged from 58% to 92%, much higher than in the Leipzig study which averaged about 25% for such 50-50 splits. However, as in the Leipzig study, the chimps never rejected "unfair" offers of 5-1 splits.
The team concluded that a sense of fairness arose sometime before the chimp and human lines split some 5 million to 7 million years ago, and that doing right by others has a long evolutionary history. "When we see this kind of behavior in humans, we call it fairness," says the study's lead author, psychologist Darby Proctor, now of Emory University, who adds that researchers shouldn't "hesitate to call it fairness in chimps."
The study's "results are clear cut", says Elisabetta Visalberghi, a primatologist at the Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies in Rome. But she questions why the responder chimps in the new study, like those in the Leipzig experiments, never refused apparently unfair offers, even though humans routinely do so, and why the proposer chimps offered equitable splits even though unfair divisions would not be rejected. "Are they more fair than us?" Visalberghi asks.
For developmental psychologist Michael Tomasello, a leader of the Leipzig team and co-author of the 2007 study, these findings suggest that the experiment didn't test for chimp fairness. "This is not Ultimatum Game performance at all," Tomasello argues, because the key participant in the game is supposed to be the responder, not the proposer. "Human responders reject unfair offers, presumably out of a sense of fairness." And the chimp proposers, Tomasello adds, may have offered more food in fear that their offer would eventually be rejected, rather than out of a sense of fairness on their own part.
James Anderson, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in the United Kingdom, agrees with the authors that "chimpanzees do not always act from a purely selfish perspective." But he, too, would like to see the mystery of the responders' failure to reject unfair offers investigated further. "I'd like to see a version of the game in which the responder can actively reject the proposal," Anderson says, "rather than simply not return the token. For example, if there was an option to put the token into some kind of trash can." Such a setup, Anderson says, might more closely replicate the human version of the Ultimatum Game.
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text: Microsoft: a hated stock with a low downside, high upside? Matt Bolduc , Equity Analyst Filed in Tech Investor Denmark, 18 October 2012 at 04:32 GMT+0 Recommended Recommend Unrecommend Recommend Non-Independent Investment Research Microsoft is currently "uncool" and its stock is underpriced New Surface tablet may be a hit, take market share from iPad and Android Wave of new non-MSFT tablets will run MSFT's Windows 8 Bond-like Windows revenue continues; Server, Business divisions growing Microsoft, which is reporting its Q1 results today, is shrouded in pessimism and has been since the iPad came out. Actually it has probably been shrouded in negativity since 2000 when the tech bubble popped. Microsoft has never regained the ridiculous valuation of around 40 P/E that it reached in 1999. Since many people look at price charts to make investment decision, looking at Microsoft's 10 year price chart makes the company look like a dud. But if you look at something more important like EPS growth, a quick look at the chart above shows that Microsoft's EPS is 300% more than it was in 1999. The current Microsoft P/E is 10. If the company had been priced at a P/E of 10 in 1999 like it is currently, the stock would have returned 300% in 12 years given a similar valuation! So how is Microsoft going to break out of its 'dead' stock slump? Two things have a potential to shake up the world's view of Microsoft. One is its new Surface tablet, and the other is the wide palette of Windows 8 tablets, which have the potential to open up a new revenue source for the company. Firstly, if the Microsoft Surface is proclaimed a success, it might help to redefine the company in the eyes of investors (as we speak the base model of the Surface RT has actually sold out in less than 24 hours!). Although many analysts see the Surface as just another revenue source, if the Surface is done correctly and considered to be a strong rival to the iPad, perception of Microsoft might slowly change. I currently believe that Microsoft is being undervalued due to a perception that the company is a clunky, slow moving giant, ill-equipped to compete with the likes of Google and Apple. Therefore a simple change in perception might easily boost the stock simply by a revaluation of the company's prospects. Windows 8 will open huge market Second and most importantly, Windows 8 will open a huge market for Microsoft. Currently Microsoft has for all intents and purposes a 0% market share in the tablet sector. Current forecasts for tablet shipments of Windows 8 seem very pessimistic, with a 6% market share by the end of 2013 according to IDC. And even worse is the expectation that Windows will only have approximately a 15% market share in tablets by 2016. An increasing market share in an increasing segment is always good but these numbers seem excessively negative and this is why: Goldman Sachs analysts believe that Microsoft will produce and sell around 15-20 million Surfaces from now until the end of 2013, or 10-15 million in 2013 alone. These 10 million of unit sales would equal to about 6% of total expected tablet sales for 2013 (160mn). But as I said above, IDC believes that Windows will only have a 6% market share of tablet sales in 2013 including the army of OEMs who are about to unleash a plethora of Windows 8 tablets/hybrids/convertibles unto the market place. If Goldman did its homework and the Surface numbers are accurate, the IDC numbers will be completely wrong since the Surface itself will account for the entirety of its projected Windows market share in tablets. There is an argument that Windows 8 tablets could cannibalize regular laptop sales, but the argument can also go the other way, as such touch laptop (hybrids and convertibles) sales could take a chunk of the non-Microsoft tablet market. Either way, Microsoft's Windows division starts growing again and earnings go up, and Microsoft wins. The chart below, provided by ComponentArt, highlights how much Windows could potentially impact this ever growing pie. (For a good article why the IDC number are possibly wrong go to ComponentArt). So for any contrarian, this is the perfect stock. An underpriced company, which is at the least not very well liked, which is about to enter a brand new market with a huge potential. Now, I am not so bold to assume that I know if Windows 8 will be a success and a force in the tablet sector, but at least I can understand the huge potential that Windows 8 could bring to the PC industry. What if I am wrong? If I am wrong and Windows 8 tablets and the Surface massively disappoints, Microsoft might break even on the Surface. Meanwhile, the Windows division will keeps trotting along and continues to generate 12 billion in operating profit per year with zero growth in PCs and laptops . If you add the bond-like revenue of Windows and add the Server and the Business divisions growing at around 15% and 7% respectively, with stock trading at a FY1 P/E of 10, you still get a decently priced investment. So basically if Windows 8 tablets just fail to catch on, the company has very little downside, since expectations are already so low. But if I am correct and Windows 8 and the Surface are relatively successful, you will see Microsoft grabbing a significant portion of the high-growth tablet market. A market that up until October 26th was generating no earnings for the company, the stock might will jump to reflect more truly the intrinsic value of the company. In times of uncertainty, a stock with low downside risk with a high upside is always a good trade in my book. Previous AMD's profit warning - a sign for the rest of the industry? Next Facebook (FB) earnings later today: Will they disappoint? Comments Related articles RIMM shares up 71 percent from BB10 in the past three months? Perception of MSFT might change from a value to a growth company Microsoft's huge margin on Surface to give great earnings boost The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: 3 tech stocks in 3 minutes Microsoft: It's all about the strategy, stupid! Topics This post appears under the following topics... Equities Technology Microsoft Value Investing


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In his landmark poem The Waste Land, T.S. Eliot wrote, I will show you fear in a handful of dust. In her thrilling film The Hurt Locker, director Kathryn Bigelow shows you fear in a pile of rubble or a beat-up old car. Location is everything in The Hurt Locker: On the streets of Baghdad in 2004, something as innocuous as a pile of trash could conceal an insurgents hidden explosive.
Screenwriter and journalist Mark Boal was embedded with members of the U.S. Armys Explosive Ordnance Disposal squad in 2004, and The Hurt Lockers fresh perspective and attention to terrifying detail give the film undeniable authority. There's never been a war movie quite like it. Bigelow crafts set pieces that draw the audiences attention as taut as a tripwire, while the off-duty scenes suggest the jobs pressures can turn soldiers into ticking time bombs.
Continue reading "The Hurt Locker detonates explosive thrills"
(Image courtesy Summit Entertainment)


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KANSAS CITY, Mo. (AP) -- A new report from the Air Force sites Whiteman Air Force Base for lax control over access to a locked vault holding parts used in arming and releasing nuclear weapons.
Whiteman was among five U.S. air bases where errors were uncovered last summer in storing or tracking components for nuclear weapons.
An Air Force spokesman said all problems found at the bases have been fixed.
Whiteman officials found they had to make sure that once people switch to new assignments, they no longer have access to the vaults with parts used in arming and releasing nuclear weapons.
A Whiteman spokesman also says hundreds of areas at the base in Knob Noster were inspected, and the auditors found two deficiencies, both of which were corrected.


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Louloueskimo introduces handknitted merino and cashmere wool to the collection for kidswear next winter. It is a fun sweet look inspired by the named character Loulou herself who this season has tumbled down the rabbit hole and finds herself in Wonderland!
Sequinned tutu's, metallic piping on fleeces, and handknits form the core of the collection with simple cool modern shapes in taupe, smoke, powder and anthracite. The core idea is that the collection should be both playful and effortless to wear but with the luxe details that set it apart and hopefully ensure the items are passed down between generations.
I am delighted to see the progress of the label since I wrote about them a year ago here.
All photos by Louloueskimo – all rights reserved
All posts copyright Smudgetikka – permission must be asked for reproduction 2009 – 2012


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HIV as "Obligatory Passage Point"
The Power of a Hypothesis
Why, over the course of 1984, 1985, and 1986, did AIDS researchers so overwhelmingly come to accept as given a hypothesis that—while highly plausible and consistent with many facts known about the epidemic—was not "conclusively" proven, according to the standards of evidence they claimed to support? Nothing suggests any vast conspiracy to stifle debate, though critics would later claim as much. One reasonable explanation would eventually be proposed by Gallo himself, in response to a challenge by the HIV dissenters: "As anybody in the business knows who works [with AIDS], there is more evidence that this virus causes AIDS than you have with the vast majority of diseases [that we] long ago have accepted"[38] as caused by viruses.
Of course, it wasn't that the HIV hypothesis was problem-free. Savita Pahwa and his coauthors (who included Gallo) noted one crucial "paradox" in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in late 1985:[39] the virus, presumed to do its dirty work by infecting and killing T cells, could be found, using "the most sensitive methods available," only in a tiny fraction of any AIDS patient's T cells—sometimes as few as one in one hundred thousand cells. An important part of the prima facie case against the virus had been its propensity to kill T cells in the test tube. But in living human beings, the virus simply could not be found in enough T cells to account straightforwardly for their disappearance in AIDS patients.
Still, the virus hypothesis had considerable evidence behind it and only a few findings seemed anomalous; no other hypothesis about AIDS had a track record anywhere nearly as impressive. What's more,
the virus gave researchers a mission. Within months of the publication of Gallo's articles in Science , other scientists began to report their findings—on the prevalence of HTLV-III/LAV antibodies in various populations, on the detection of the virus in various body fluids, on the patterns of transmission of the virus, on possible antiviral treatments, on the development of vaccines against the virus. Especially in 1984, such researchers typically were careful to make qualified claims, noting that the virus was "believed" to be the cause or was the "probable" cause. But in practice, the qualifications meant next to nothing, because the virus—and the virus alone—is what all of them were busy spending their time studying. The phrasing of one article in the New England Journal was typical: "Now that HTLV-III has been identified as the probable cause of AIDS, it is possible to confirm the modes of transmission and document the spectrum of clinical disorders caused by this agent."[40] At last, the authors seemed to be suggesting, we all have something to do. A plausible candidate had been proposed by eminent virologists, and most researchers were content to endorse their judgment.[41]
Clinicians, and researchers in other fields, who read the professional literature simply to keep up with the latest findings, not to critically evaluate the analyses and methodologies, were even less likely to raise questions. As Harry Collins has suggested on the basis of recent social studies of science, there is typically "a relationship between the extent to which science is seen as a producer of certainty and distance from the research front."[42] Any fuzziness in the data that might have been observable by a trained epidemiologist or virologist was likely to be missed by the doctor treating AIDS patients, who turned to the New England Journal of Medicine just to get the bottom line.
If a scientist as eminent as Gallo had been pushing an alternative explanation, then most likely there would have been more debate and closer scrutiny of the etiological evidence. But no challenge of that sort existed. The more time passed and the more that scientists became invested in research on HIV, the clearer became the virus's social role as what Bruno Latour has called an "obligatory passage point"—a necessary way station between social actors and the satisfaction of their interests. A meeting of the Conference of State and Territorial Epidemiologists in June 1985 might be singled out as the defining moment that the HIV hypothesis became a social fact. Conference members approved a series of resolutions, adopted soon afterward by the CDC, that redefined "AIDS" to make diagnosis dependent on a positive
antibody test result along with the presence of any one of an expanded list of opportunistic infections and cancers.[43] People whose antibody test came back negative would in most cases be diagnosed as AIDS-free, even if they, too, suffered from one of the conditions on the list.[44]
Those who did challenge the hegemonic position risked strong resistance and career repercussions. The story of Shyh-Ching Lo, a young virologist at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, is instructive in this regard. When in 1986 he reported finding a "novel virus" in tumor cells taken from AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma, Lo "brought a heap of abuse down on his head," in the words of a reporter for Science .[45] Lawrence Altman treated the story as important, and the Times gave it front-page treatment.[46] But skeptical AIDS researchers, including Gallo, lashed out at Lo, claiming he had failed to justify his claims. Lo pressed on, discovering the agent in various body tissues of AIDS patients; when he injected it into four silverleaf monkeys, they all died within nine months. Furthermore, Lo was able to isolate the agent from six HIV-negative patients who had symptoms similar to those of AIDS. Yet his articles were rejected by more than half a dozen journals before finally seeing the light of day in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in 1989.[47]
Eventually, it became apparent that the agent Lo had isolated was not a virus but a primitive organism called a mycoplasma.[48] Since mycoplasmas are common contaminants of tissue cultures, it remained debatable whether the mycoplasma had really come from the AIDS patients. But only in 1990, when Montagnier independently began talking about a possible role for mycoplasmas as a cofactor in AIDS, did researchers belatedly begin to take Lo seriously. Until that time, Lo—despite his credentials as a virologist—could not make his voice heard over the chorus supporting the reigning theory.
Science, the Media, and the Construction of Social Reality
What cannot be overstated is that the HIV hypothesis was not simply a scientific powerhouse. It was also—crucially—a social phenomenon. Immediately after the discovery of the probable cause of AIDS was announced, the hypothesis began its work of transforming the world and reshaping people's lives. Within two years, the first patients began taking azidothymidine (AZT), an antiretroviral drug that—at least temporarily—prevented the virus from replicating;
prescribed for many thousands of patients, AZT has earned millions of dollars for its manufacturer, Burroughs Wellcome. Even before that, thousands of people were touched irrevocably by the machinery of antibody testing, which sorted them into polar categories of "positive" and "negative." Gay communities were quite simply split into two groups; and despite frequent and sincere criticism of the tendency, antibody status became a decisive marker of identity—the sort of attribute gay men mentioned in personal ads, along with skin color and sexual predilections, to describe who they were and who they sought. In response to a belief in the HIV hypothesis, thousands of people changed the way they had sex—supposedly one of the most intractable aspects of human behavior. Even a practice as thoroughly unthinkable, in the contemporary U.S. political context, as providing intravenous drug users with clean needles suddenly became a reasonable, if controversial, health strategy that sane politicians might propose or endorse. Within a few years, the HIV hypothesis quite simply restructured the world, altering what millions of people did and said.
The mass media both mirrored and facilitated the process by which HIV became a social fact.[49] A content analysis of selected articles from the New York Times suggests the trend over the period from 1984 to 1986. (I examined all twenty-one articles published in the latter half of 1984 that discussed both AIDS and the virus; in 1985 and 1986 news coverage skyrocketed, and I examined every fifth such article, in chronological order: forty-three articles in 1985 and fifty-one in 1986.[50] )
In the second half of 1984, articles that discussed both AIDS and the virus were cautious in their conclusions (see table 4). Out of twenty-one such articles, eighteen made only qualified claims about the virus as the cause. By 1985, a striking shift had occurred: Out of forty-three articles in the sample for the year, twelve made only qualified causal claims and eight made only unqualified claims. Seventeen articles (41 percent) made no explicit claims yet clearly conveyed their implicit endorsement—in sixteen of seventeen cases by the unqualified use of the phrase "the AIDS virus" in reference to HIV.[51] By 1986, the number of articles making only qualified claims had dropped to five out of fifty-one; ten articles made only unqualified claims; and the number of implicit claims rose to thirty-three (65 percent of the total). The decline in the use of qualifiers and the growing reliance on phrases such as "the AIDS virus" (or, more problematically, "the AIDS test") tell a clear story: reporters took for granted that the cause of AIDS was known. They had their doubts, to be sure, about whether Gallo
was the one who should receive credit for discovering it, but that the virus was indeed the cause was only very rarely questioned.[52]
Articles in the Times in mid-1984, such as one by Judy Glass on June 3, discussed the reports of a viral cause in tentative terms. Glass quoted a medical professor who asked whether the virus was "the chicken or the egg"—the real cause or just another opportunistic infection.[53] In October, Lawrence Altman sounded a more definitive note: researchers had "taken a major step toward fulfilling Koch's postulates" by transmitting the virus to chimpanzees.[54] From about that time onward, articles by Altman—the Times 's main authority on AIDS—stopped expressing any doubts. In the second half of 1984, Altman wrote six articles about AIDS and the virus which made only qualified claims about its causal role and one that made both unqualified and qualified claims. In 1986, out of the seven articles in the sample that were by Altman, none made any qualifications. Two made unqualified claims only, while five simply implied that the virus was the cause (in four cases by referring to HIV as "the AIDS virus"). Altman did, however, write articles that discussed some of the anomalies in the HIV hypothesis, such as the mystery of why so few T cells appeared to be infected with the virus.[55]
The Appeal of a Virus
Elsewhere in society, the viral hypothesis found a ready audience. Gay communities in general and AIDS organizations in particular were little inclined to dispute the causal role of HIV. As early as December 1984, in an information packet distributed to local health care providers, the San Francisco AIDS Foundation made its views plain: "A multiplicity of theories concerning AIDS causation has given way in most quarters to the conclusion that a specific retrovirus is the causative agent."[56] More often, as Dennis Altman has pointed out, politically liberal groups have tended to endorse environmental, multicausal models of illness and to criticize the "single bullet" approach.[57] In this case, however, AIDS organizers had good reason to find the HIV hypothesis attractive. Increasingly, gay men had been under attack, accused by various right-wing spokespersons of pursuing a "promiscuous" lifestyle that was in reality a "deathstyle."[58] Fears that they would be quarantined en masse had become widespread among gays. Indeed, Dr. Edward Brandt, Reagan's assistant secretary of health in 1983, has since indicated that the Reagan administration gave serious consideration to the idea of a mass quarantine
at that time.[59] But while the talk about lifestyle had seemed to lay the groundwork for victim blaming in the larger society, the viral hypothesis had more neutral moral implications. Pursuing a lifestyle was seen as a choice; contracting a virus seemed more like plain bad luck.
Not that the acceptance of the viral hypothesis served to sever altogether the popular connections between etiology and culpability. On the contrary, AIDS still was all too frequently perceived as a phenomenon whose very existence demanded a guilty party. But attention now tended to focus on the virus itself and the question of its origins. Had HIV originated in Africa, as many Western scientists maintained (to the displeasure of many Africans)? Did Cubans fighting in Angola bring the disease to Haiti? Was HIV the product of genetic engineering by the CIA or the U.S. Army, as fringe groups in the United States, along with official Soviet media sources, proposed? Had HIV or a simian form of it been unwittingly introduced into Africans via vaccines (against smallpox, malaria, or polio, depending on the theory) prepared from monkey tissue and administered in WHO vaccination programs in Africa? But while debates over these and other theories about origins of the virus raged and sometimes held various parties, nations, or continents culpable for the origins of the virus, to a significant degree they left gay men unscathed.[60]
Furthermore, the viral hypothesis provided gay communities with an important repertoire of responses to the widespread panic over casual transmission of AIDS. Opinion polls in 1983 and 1984 suggested that large numbers of people in the United States believed that AIDS could be transmitted by coughs and handshakes, drinking glasses and shared toilet seats.[61] Many people acknowledged that they were shunning contact with gay people against the possibility that those people might have AIDS, and gay rights groups were reporting a rise in cases of antigay discrimination in the workplace, in housing, and elsewhere in the society. Increasing knowledge about the highly specific routes of HIV infection offered a ready answer. The solution was not to avoid the risk groups , AIDS educators asserted, but to avoid the risk practices —principally, sex without a condom and the sharing of syringes. Given the near-total protection of the blood supply with the advent of the antibody tests, AIDS advocacy groups could plausibly claim that it was easy to protect oneself from getting AIDS. More radical public health measures such as quarantine were therefore unnecessary.[62]
Finally, the viral hypothesis resonated with the "safe sex" (or "safer sex") strategies that were already being promoted in gay male communities
by 1983. Although many commentators had continued to stress the importance of limiting the number of sexual partners, others had focused on a different solution: taking standard steps to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, such as using condoms or avoiding ejaculation inside the body. Michael Callen and Richard Berkowitz had emphasized these points in a forty-page booklet, "How to Have Sex in an Epidemic," that enjoyed considerable circulation in gay communities on both coasts.[63]
Given evidence that HIV could indeed be blocked by condom use, the viral hypothesis solidified a "sex-positive" AIDS education strategy. While mainstream public health officials continued to counsel monogamy, the fledgling grassroots AIDS organizations put forward a different message that was both pragmatic and scientifically based: have as much sex as you like, as often as you like, with as many different people as you like, and as long as you follow a set of rules to prevent the transmission of HIV, you will be (almost entirely) safe. (Monogamy, by contrast, was a far less credible prevention measure, the grassroots AIDS educators pointed out: especially in communities where HIV was prevalent, monogamous unsafe sex might be quite dangerous, while monogamy in the context of safe sex was essentially redundant.)
Despite frequent opposition from government funders concerned about sexually explicit language and images, the grassroots AIDS educators set out to "eroticize" safe sex—to make it seem not only normative behavior, but attractive and sexy. Techniques of safe-sex education and even the precise definitions of safe sex became, in effect, a "zone of control" that emerging community-based organizations carved out of the larger terrain of the viral hypothesis. That they were experts on safe sex was acknowledged early on: in the midst of the 1984 controversy over whether to close down the gay bathhouses in San Francisco, a state superior court judge who heard arguments on the case mandated that the San Francisco AIDS Foundation would define which activities practiced in bathhouses were safe and which were not.[64] Yet to a significant extent, assumptions of their expertise came to depend on the widespread acceptance of claims about HIV transmission and its causal role in AIDS. Without the belief in HIV as the cause, AIDS organizers could have continued to promote their safe sex guidelines, but only as plausible measures that seemed likely to work. With HIV, the idea of safe sex rested on the shoulders of scientific authority.[65]
Alternative Viewpoints
Certainly dissenting voices spoke out, and more so in the gay and lesbian press than anywhere else. The Advocate , the most mainstream of the major news sources on AIDS, was the least critical of researchers. Nathan Fain, the magazine's health writer, considered the question of causality closed after the reports of the chimpanzee studies. "What all this means to the man and woman on the street," wrote Fain, "is that … convincing proof now exists that there is one virus that is the sole triggering mechanism of AIDS." Cofactors might also be necessary to cause the full syndrome, but—as the headline put it—"The Proof Is In on a Virus."[66]
GCN , more inclined toward suspicion of experts and no friend of Robert Gallo's, took a more cautious position. Christine Guilfoy, one of the chief writers on the topic, referred to the causal claim in qualified terms throughout 1984 and 1985. A year after the Heckler press conference, in April 1985, Guilfoy wrote: "Although many believe HTLV-III plays a primary role in the development of AIDS, it is still unresolved how the virus works and what cofactors, if any, play a role."[67] Particularly by the second half of 1985, however, writers in GCN tended to refer to HTLV-III without further explanation of its relationship to AIDS. It was simply assumed that the reader understood what this virus was and why it was being written about. Of course, referring to HTLV-III carried different implications than speaking of "the AIDS virus," as mainstream reporters were apt to do. Like the gay press generally, GCN avoided (and often criticized) the phrase "AIDS virus" for its implied conflation of two states: seropositivity and illness from AIDS.
GCN was also a place where alternative views could gain expression. In late 1986, John Lauritsen, a survey researcher and writer who had coauthored a pamphlet warning gay men about the dangers of poppers,[68] raised the question of whether HIV had definitively been proven to cause AIDS: "Notwithstanding the thousands of assertions that have appeared in the popular media and in government press releases, the fact remains that medical science has a series of tests that any microbe must pass before it can be considered the cause of a particular disease. These tests are known as 'Koch's Postulates,' and the 'AIDS virus' has soundly flunked them."[69] Concluding that HIV cannot be the cause of AIDS, Lauritsen reopened an old can of worms: "There must be something in the gay lifestyle that is causing gay men
to develop AIDS." Consistent with his earlier focus on poppers, Lauritsen targeted "the 'recreational drugs' … that became a prominent feature of the urban gay male lifestyle beginning in the early 1970s."
The true voice of dissent, however, was the New York Native , for which Lauritsen most regularly wrote. Indeed, the Native and its publisher Chuck Ortleb increasingly located themselves on the fringes of the emerging AIDS movement, precisely through their incessant skepticism (some would claim, paranoid doubt) about the HIV hypothesis.[70] Writing in the Native in fall 1994, Joseph Sonnabend, proponent of the immune overload hypothesis, advised gay men not to read too much into the HTLV-III antibody test: "It should be emphasized at this point that the question of whether HTLV-III plays any role in the pathogenesis of AIDS must remain open."[71] The following year, Sonnabend expanded on his views in an interview in the Native , speculating about the motivations and interests behind the emphasis on HTLV-III as the sole cause of AIDS and questioning the certainty of expert pronouncements: "Unlike what Dr. Anthony Fauci and Dr. Robert Gallo tell us, we are very far from understanding this disease. Very little is known. The sort of smugness that emanates from the government scientists is offensive, considering what is at stake.…"[72]
The Native treated Sonnabend respectfully as its resident authority, but when it was Gallo's turn to be interviewed, he had no such luck. In August 1984, James D'Eramo tried to corner Gallo on the question of whether HTLV-III had been proven to be the sole cause of AIDS:
[D'Eramo :] What about fulfilling Koch's postulates …?
[Gallo :] … Koch did not fulfill those postulates in much of the work he did. They're hardly ever fulfilled in viral and fungal diseases, and hardly ever in parasitic diseases.… What's the remaining part of Koch's postulate that is not fulfilled anyway?
[D'Eramo :] It's the animal model.
[Gallo :] … you don't need an animal model in immunological diseases. Those of us who know a little bit about retroviruses realize that in some retroviruses you can't go outside the species to reproduce the disease.
In frustration at D'Eramo's questioning of the causal claim, Gallo finally challenged him directly, asking, "Why does anyone resist this data?" Gallo continued: "All I can say is that they don't know the data, they don't understand it, or they may not know some of the data
that aren't published yet. Nobody at high levels in science is arguing about this data."[73] Often outspoken, Gallo probably never considered the impact of his tone on readers of the Native or on its staff. Nothing could have been better calculated to offend the sensibilities of the Native and inflame its constituency than Gallo's implication that the scientific debates were over the heads of laypeople, who should rest content to leave it up to the experts.
Meanwhile, the Native committed itself to a range of rival theories about the causes of AIDS. The process had its origins back in 1983, when the newspaper began promoting the view that AIDS was linked to an epidemic disease in pigs, called swine fever. This hypothesis was first floated by a postdoctoral fellow at the Harvard School of Public Health, named Jane Teas. In a 1983 letter to Lancet , Teas proposed that AIDS might be caused by a variant of the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV), which had never been known to infect humans. Teas had done no research on AIDS or swine fever, but she was struck by the apparent similarity in symptoms as well as by the Haitian connection: AIDS seemed to have appeared in Haiti in 1978 and swine fever in 1979. She speculated: "Perhaps an infected pig was killed and eaten either as uncooked or undercooked meat. One of the people eating the meat who was both immunocompromised and homosexual would be the pivotal point, allowing for the disease to spread to the vacationing 'gay' tourists in Haiti."[74]
In 1983, at a time when the question of etiology was still open, Teas's letter prompted some response. Two groups of researchers, one Haitian, the other Belgian and Dutch, wrote letters to Lancet saying they had looked for antibodies to ASFV in small samples of AIDS patients but with negative results in all cases.[75] Later the 1984 AMA review article on AIDS would acknowledge the swine fever hypothesis as one of many legitimate ideas that simply failed to pan out.[76] Teas, however, felt that the responses to her hypothesis were inadequate, and she became convinced that the scientific establishment was shutting her out. She had written to both the CDC and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, but received no "satisfactory" response from either organization. When Chuck Ortleb, the Native 's publisher, approached her, she was happy to promote her ideas and to voice concern about the "hostility" and closed-mindedness of government science.[77]
Teas was the sort of person who would have minimal credibility in mainstream scientific circles—after all, she casually admitted that she
began "knowing nothing about AIDS" and that she taught herself about swine fever in an afternoon's reading.[78] But to Ortleb, this kind of self-education by nonexperts epitomized the critical attitude toward scientific authority that he had been promoting in the pages of his newspaper. Through a series of articles, Ortleb pushed the swine fever angle, asking why government researchers were so slow to follow it up and insinuating that the government was acting at the behest of the pork industry.[79]
In a striking demonstration of the perceived importance of the gay press in the eyes of the public health officialdom, James Mason, the conservative Mormon director of the CDC, flew to New York in early 1984 to try to reason with the Native 's publisher. Mason even gave Ortleb a scoop—two weeks before he spoke with the New York Times —about LAV being the probable cause of AIDS. But Ortleb became convinced that Mason was trying to divert his attention and "co-opt" him, and though the Native began reporting on LAV and HTLV-III, the newspaper also continued to promote Ortleb's pet theory.[80]
Ortleb's single-handed campaign eventually succeeded in inducing New York State health authorities to search for ASFV in AIDS patients and in generating some coverage of the hypothesis in more mainstream newspapers such as the New York Times .[81] But when further supportive evidence of a causal role for ASFV was not forthcoming, Ortleb was on to the next rival theory, and then the next—Lo's mycoplasma, Duesberg's heretical views, and in recent years the claim that AIDS and chronic fatigue syndrome are different forms of the same disease. Over time, the Native 's star began to fall, and Ortleb became an increasingly controversial figure within the AIDS movement. Cultural critic and AIDS activist Douglas Crimp complained in 1987: "Rather than performing a political analysis of the ideology of science, Ortleb merely touts the crackpot theory of the week, championing whoever is the latest outcast from the world of academic and government research."[82]
Markers of Credibility
Despite speculation about swine fever and mycoplasma, despite challenges from people like Lauritsen and Ortleb, and despite some scientific interest in cofactors, the basic fact remained: The proposition "HIV causes AIDS" was hegemonic in U.S. science and society as 1986 came to a close. That year, the American Medical Association
had published in book form an authoritative collection of articles on AIDS that had appeared in recent years in its journal, JAMA .[83] Although the collection included the Sonnabend, Witkin, and Purtilo article from 1983 (buried near the end in a "Special Reports" section), it contained no articles published later than 1983 that questioned the relationship between HIV and AIDS. For the back of the book, the AMA's Task Force on AIDS had reviewed "the complete list of published articles" on AIDS in the medical and scientific literature, with the goal of preparing "a brief bibliography that could serve as a source document to guide the interested reader through the massive body of literature on AIDS." The section on etiology contained fifty-six references, of which fifty-four alluded to a retroviral cause of AIDS in the title. Only one of the fifty-six articles proposed an alternative etiology—an article by J. J. Goedert on the role of recreational drugs in causing AIDS. Even the Sonnabend, Witkin, and Purtilo article—included in the collection itself—failed to make it into this definitive bibliography.
Another important benchmark of the credibility of the HIV hypothesis was the influential Confronting AIDS , a survey of knowledge and a blueprint for action published by the National Academy of Sciences' Institute of Medicine. Prepared by a blue-ribbon panel consisting of prominent virologists, clinicians, public health experts, and social scientists, the 352-page report encapsulated the official, credible body of knowledge about AIDS circa 1986. Though ostensibly a study of "the AIDS epidemic," the report might more accurately be called "Confronting HIV "; early in the introduction, it explained that "AIDS" is only a surveillance definition used for epidemiological purposes and that the term "does not include the full spectrum of conditions now known to be associated with HIV infection."[84]
Nonetheless, in a section entitled "The Causative Agent of AIDS," the report did briefly review the growing evidence that HIV caused the syndrome. First, antibodies reactive to viral proteins were found in "nearly all instances" of people with AIDS, while tests of people not in "high-risk" populations were "uniformly negative." Moreover, the prevalence of antibodies in different groups corresponded with what was known about the geography and timing of the epidemic. Second, the virus itself could be isolated from the white blood cells of most people who were antibody positive; the authors added parenthetically that "the failure to isolate the virus from all infected persons is most likely due to technical limitations in the lymphocyte
culture methods and to the depletion of target cells in the advanced stages of the disease." Finally, the blood transfusion data were compelling: they "clearly showed that the virus could be transmitted to a previously uninfected person who could then develop AIDS.…"[85]
Elsewhere in the report, however, the authors acknowledged a good deal of uncertainty. They noted that it remained mysterious precisely how HIV caused the characteristic depletion of T cells, given the small percentage of cells that appeared to be infected.[86] This was a problem but not an insoluble one, the report implied, noting that many researchers had begun speculating about the "indirect" means by which HIV could be causing T-cell loss. Montagnier, for example, had proposed that HIV initiated an autoimmune mechanism, whereby the immune system of the infected person was "fooled" into killing its own T cells; and other hypotheses were equally complex.
Another question was whether HIV worked alone to cause AIDS or whether some "cofactor" or "cofactors" might also be involved. But despite raising these various questions about how HIV caused disease and whether HIV worked alone, the main thrust of the report was to focus squarely on the problem of HIV infection. Thus chapter 6 of the report, "Future Research Needs," divided research priorities into the following categories: structure and replication of HIV, natural history of HIV infection, epidemiology of HIV infection, animal models for HIV infection, antiviral agents, vaccines against HIV, and social science research.[87]
John Lauritsen, who titled his review of Confronting AIDS in the Native "Caveat Emptor," noted: "For those who are true believers in the 'AIDS virus' ideology, a number of disconcerting bombshells are detonated in this book. To begin with, the report acknowledges that it is impossible to isolate HIV from many AIDS patients and that some AIDS patients show no evidence of ever having been infected with the virus."[88] Yet as Lauritsen was no doubt painfully aware, the "bombshells" simply failed to echo in the larger society or even in the sectors of it that concerned themselves principally with the epidemic. In a few short years, an industry had grown up around AIDS, encompassing doctors and researchers, service providers and grassroots educators, lawyers and writers, politicians and policymakers—a complex of individuals, groups, and formal organizations. And within this industry, HIV was the common link between actors and interests. The virus was the "obligatory passage point" that stood between people and the
grants they sought to obtain, the programs they endeavored to establish, and the propositions they wanted to advance. In its transformation into scientific fact and social reality, "HIV causes AIDS" had become a "black box"; and when people like Sonnabend or Lauritsen tried to reopen the box and review the evidence and arguments, theirs were isolated voices with minimal credibility. It would take someone with considerably more scientific capital to focus significant scientific and extrascientific attention on the question of whether HIV had in fact been proven to cause AIDS.


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Many photographers have turned a hobby into a profession, but Randolph Caughie, a photojournalist, has travelled the world on assignments photographing film, sport and pop stars, as well as royalty. Let his experience of over forty years, capture your special day.
Our relaxed friendly style combines stylish and unique images that capture the fun and emotion in both informal and classical images, giving you a storyboard of your day. All images may be digitally manipulated to transform them into truly unique photographs that reflect your personaility.
Based in rural Perthshire, distance is no problem as we travel throughout Tayside, Angus, Stirlingshire and the whole of Scotland. We have recently been commissioned to cover weddings in Yorkshire, the South of England and Europe.
Scotland has a vast wealth of historical castles and country house hotels, which are popular wedding venues. Our webside shows a small selection of recent photographs taken at Blair Castle, Forter Castle, Huntingtower Castle and Duntreatch Castle.
Apart from wedding photography, Randolph is in demand to cover media, public relations, portrait shoots and corporate events.
Recent event venues include Cameron House Hotel at Loch Lomond, The Fairmont Hotel in St Andrews and Drumtochty Castle.
Randolph Photography retains sole copyright of all images.


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JACKSON, Miss.-- The Sandy Hook Elementary shooting in Connecticut brings back familiar memories for some Mississippians.
It was the first day of October in 1997 when 16-year-old Luke Woodham killed two students and injured seven others at Pearl High School.
Dr. Williams Dodson the Pearl School District Superintendent in 1997 said, "It unleashes those feelings you have, it did to me, as I heard what happened [in Connecticut]."
Dodson points out some of the things he thought about when hearing the news.
"There were several parallels with this shooting [Sandy Hook shooting] and ours. He killed his mother before also."
He's referring to both Woodham and accused shooter Adam Lanza of Sandy Hook taking their mothers' lives before proceeding to go on their rampage.
Lanza is accused of shooting 26 others at the school, including 20 children, after killing his mother.
Dodson added, "We're certainly just hopeful that incidents such as this with innocent children will not continue in our country."
He was quick to point out that if it wasn't for a few heroic people in 1997 on that day the damage inflicted at PHS could have been much worse.


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Selling Online with Etsy
MARSHALLTOWN – You may have seen this on the Martha Stewart Show! Just in time for the online Christmas selling season! Sandy McAntire of Shoestring Creative will walk you through essential strategies for a successful storefront on Etsy-the premier handmade and vintage wares shopping experience. Discuss store naming and description techniques as well as techniques to get your products noticed and ultimately sold. Create a store in class and design your product description. Be a pro by Cyber-Monday! Computer proficiency required. Includes handout.
Selling Online with Etsy, Course # CMI 3200 001, will be held Wednesday, October 17 at the Business and Technology Center room 201 on the Marshalltown Community College Campus, 3700 S. Center St., Marshalltown from 6 - 9 pm.
To register or for more information please contact Iowa Valley Continuing Education at 1-800-284-4823 or 641-752-4645.


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EUCAST News
Here you can find the latest news and updates from EUCAST.
24 Nov 2013
Spanish translations of antifungal susceptibility documents
The Spanish NAC (COESANT) has translated two documents on antifungal[...]
14 Oct 2013
Consultation on new doripenem-, amox-clav and cefaclor breakpoints.
EUCAST <link<span class="news-list-morelink">[...]
30 Aug 2013
French translations updated!
French translations of documents for media preparation and disk diffusion[...]
17 Aug 2013
USNAC formed
The USA has formed a NAC (USCAST) and asked to join EUCAST information and[...]
12 Aug 2013
EUCAST SOP 2 updated.
EUCAST SOP 2 (Setting breakpoints for new agents) has been


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Severe gastritis is possible when the stomach is viewed without symptoms being present and may be present despite only minor changes in the stomach lining.
Seniors have a higher likelihood of developing painless stomach damage.
They may have no symptoms at all, such as an absence of vomiting or pain, until they are suddenly taken ill with internal bleeding.
Pain in the upper abdomen is the most common symptom. The pain is usually in the upper central portion of the abdomen, the "pit" of the stomach.
Gastritis pain can occur in the left upper portion of the abdomen and in the back. The pain seems to travel from the belly to the back.
The pain is typically vague, but can be a sharp pain. Belching either doesn't relieve pain or only relieves it for a moment.
The vomit is either clear, green or yellow, has a bloody streak in it, or is completely bloody, depending on the severity of inflammation. Bloating and a feeling of fullness or burning in the upper abdomen are also signs of moderate gastritis.
Severe gastritis presents pallor, sweating, rapid heart beat, feeling faint or short of breath, severe chest or stomach pain, vomiting large amounts of blood, or bloody or dark, sticky, foul-smelling bowel movements.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article on "Gastritis" All material adapted used from Wikipedia is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Wikipedia® itself is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.
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Security Services - Overview
Our superior security services are customized to address your specific needs, regardless of whether your organization is of a commercial or institutional nature. As a dedicated and committed security company, the safety of your assets, clients and staff are of the utmost importance to us.
Once your security services request is received, we focus all of our attention entirely on working with you to ensure that the security services offered by our security services company meets and exceed your expectations.
Some of our security services include:
Film Anti-PiracySecurity GuardsNight Chaperone for Traveling StudentsApartment and Office Buildings
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Contingency Plans
Convention Center Personnel
Corporate & Multi Tenant Office Buildings
Crowd Management - Stadiums, Arenas, & Performing Arts Centers
Door and Lobby Services
Drug Testing/Pre-Employment and Vendor Screening/Corporate Due Diligence
Electronic Surveillance (CCTV, Card Access, Networking)
Employee Background Checks
Estate Security
Executive Protection
Health Care Facilities
Hotels & Casinos
Loss Prevention
Mobile/Vehicle Patrols
Neighborhood Patrols
Plainclothes/Undercover Personnel
Problem Terminations/Corporate Downsizings
Residential Complexes
Retail and Commercial Parking Lot Patrol
Risk & Loss Prevention
Safety and Security Training
Security Consulting and Management
Special Events and Major Entertainment Venues Security Operations and Management


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MarkLogic Server 4.2 Product Documentation
- MarkLogic XQuery and XSLT Function ReferenceAPI documentation for the MarkLogic built-in and module extensions to the XQuery and XSLT standard functions. It also contains API reference information for the W3C standard functions implemented in MarkLogic Server.
- ZIP File of All MarkLogic Product DocumentationA zip file containing the latest MarkLogic Server 4.2 documentation.
Getting Started Guides
- Getting Started With MarkLogic Server | A quick, step-by-step overview of how to get up and running with MarkLogic Server.
- Installation Guide for All Platforms | Contains procedures for installing and upgrading MarkLogic Server on all platforms.
- Release Notes | Contains a summary of new features, upgrade compatibility information, and other information about this release.
Developer's Guides
- Application Developer's Guide | Provides procedures, methodologies, and conceptual information about general application development tasks in MarkLogic Server.
- Search Developer's Guide | Provides procedures, methodologies, and conceptual information about developing search-related applications in MarkLogic Server. Includes information about the Search API and the built-in search features of MarkLogic Server.
- Application Builder Developer's Guide | Provides step-by-step information on using the Application Builder to build a search application, and also provides information on customizing applications built with the Application Builder.
- Information Studio Developer's Guide | Provides step-by step information on using the Information Studio to load content into MarkLogic Server.
- XCC Developer's Guide | Contains an overview of the what you can do with the XCC libraries, examples of how to use XCC, and an overview of the sample applications included with XCC.
Administrator's Guides
- Administrator's Guide | Provides procedures for administrative tasks such as creating servers, creating databases, backing up databases, creating users, setting up your security policy, and so on.
- Scripting Administrative Tasks Guide | Provides information on writing code to script various administrative tasks such as creating and modifying databases, App Servers, and so on.
- Flexible Replication Guide | Provides step-by step information on replicating MarkLogic Server content using Flexible Replication.
- Connector For SharePoint® Administrator's Guide | The documentation for the MarkLogic Connector for SharePoint®, which allows you to mirror documents from a Microsoft SharePoint repository in MarkLogic Server.
Other Reference Guides
- XQuery and XSLT Reference Guide | A condensed overview of the XQuery language, including a description of the three XQuery dialects supported in MarkLogic Server. Also includes XSLT reference material, including details and extensions to the language. This book does includes some syntax information, although it is primarily intended as an introduction and quick-reference to the languages, not as a comprehensive reference.
- Content Processing Framework Guide | Provides an introduction to the Content Processing Framework and procedures for installing the default content processing framework.
- Query Performance and Tuning Guide | Provides performance-related information that is useful to application developers and administrators.
- Scalability, Availability, and Failover Guide | Provides information on large-scale system architecture, clustering, and details on setting up both local-disk failover and shared-disk failover.
- Understanding and Using Security Guide | Provides information on the role-based security model in MarkLogic Server.
- Copyright and Support | Copyright and support information.
XCC API Reference
- XCC Javadoc (online)API documentation for the MarkLogic XML Content Connector for Java (XCC/J) API.
- XCC .NET API Documentation (online)API documentation for the MarkLogic XCC .NET C# API.
Admin Interface Help
Copyright © 2010–2013 MarkLogic Corporation. All rights reserved. | Powered by
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Kevin Kho (Prime Earth)
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- I've been called OMAC, but my name is Kevin Kho. I was transformed, without my knowledge and against my will into this monstrous form. And I have no way to change back.
- -- OMAC src
- -- OMAC src
Kevin Kho is OMAC, a One-Machine Attack Construct designed as an unstoppable warrior using bio-technology. The sentient satellite Brother Eye created him using New Genesis science as a weapon he could control against Project Cadmus. In his civilian identity he is a Cambodian-American scientist working at Cadmus in genetic research.
Born in Cambodia, his parents and sisters were killed when he was six for speaking out against the rule of rebel warlords. Raised by other family members, he relentlessly pursued education as a way to give his life order and meaning.[1] He would go on to work at Project Cadmus underneath Martin Welman, where he met and proposed to his fiancee Jody Robbins.[2]
S.H.A.D.E. is called in to take OMAC down, and Father Time sends his top operative Frankenstein. They have an epic battle in the streets of Metropolis and OMAC is nearly executed with the Sword of Michael, but Brother Eye teleports him away before he gets beheaded.[6][7]
During a double-date with his fiancee and obnoxious co-worker Tony Jay, they are attacked by Sweet Leilani of the Female Furies.[8] Superman begins to take interest in OMAC and beats him in a fight, but Brother Eye teleports him away. Eye sends him to infiltrate Command B's underground Evil Factory run by Simyan. He joins several of Simyan's experiments, a race of humanoid animals, in rebelling against their tormentor. Their leader Prince Tuftan is forced to kill his father, but they defeat Simyan and Eye has OMAC destroy the factory as an abomination.[9] In their final confrontation with Checkmate, OMAC is hunted down by Mokkari's monsters and Steel's strike team while he tries to tell his fiancee the truth. Maxwell Lord outsmarts Brother Eye and destroys him. Eye's final act is to give Kevin his personality back, at the expense of trapping him in the OMAC body forever. Jody begs him to stay, but he declares that Kevin Kho is dead and he is only OMAC.[1]Justice League International
OMAC later appears with the newly formed Justice League International. He does battle with the team, more powerful than any of them, and strikes down their most heavy hitters. Screaming in his OMAC voice, he demands to see a doctor.[10] After a grueling battle, Kevin is confronted by Batman, Booster Gold and Batwing in the sewer and instantly calms down. He explains that he discovered Batman had a hand in creating the nanomachines that changed him and came seeking any information the Dark Knight could give him that could lead to him being able to change back. He is unsure why he attacked the JLI and apologizes. Not fully trusting OMAC, but at the same time unwilling to leave him in case he loses control again, the JLI takes him with them to investigate an attack in Paris. It is August General in Iron who makes the first move to reconciliation, as he is all too familiar with being trapped in a body not his own and unable to change back. [11]
Powers and AbilitiesEdit
- Omactivate!: At any place and at any time, Brother Eye can transform Kevin Kho into the powerful OMAC. Using alien bio-technology, Kevin uncontrollable changes with destructive results.
- Kevin Kho's alliterative name is an obvious reference to the character Buddy Blank, the original OMAC. Buddy Blank was created by Jack Kirby as protagonist in the original OMAC volume, also a corporate nobody who receives incredible powers from Brother Eye. He had been called the One-Man Army Corps.[12]
- Kevin Kho has obsessive-compulsive disorder.[2]
Recommended ReadingEdit
- 26 Appearances of Kevin Kho (Prime Earth)
- 59 Images featuring Kevin Kho (Prime Earth)
- 3 Quotations by or about Kevin Kho (Prime Earth)
- Character Gallery: Kevin Kho (Prime Earth)
- OMAC (comics) at Wikipedia.org
- OMAC at DCU Guide
- OMAC at Comic Book Database
- OMAC interview at IGN Comics
- OMAC interview at Newsarama
- OMAC interview at Comic Book Resources
Discover and Discuss
- Search this site for: OMAC · Kevin Kho · Kevin Kho (Prime Earth)
- Search the Forums for: OMAC · Kevin Kho · Kevin Kho (Prime Earth)
- Discuss this and other characters on the forums
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 OMAC (Volume 4) #8
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 OMAC (Volume 4) #1
- ↑ OMAC (Volume 4) #2
- ↑ OMAC (Volume 4) #3
- ↑ OMAC (Volume 4) #4
- ↑ OMAC (Volume 4) #5
- ↑ Frankenstein, Agent of S.H.A.D.E. #5
- ↑ OMAC (Volume 4) #6
- ↑ OMAC (Volume 4) #7
- ↑ Justice League International (Volume 3) #8
- ↑ Justice League International (Volume 3) #9
- ↑ OMAC (Volume 1) #1


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Family Group Sheet FormUse this form to send individual or family information for inclusion on this website and in my WorldConnect database. Any information that you can send is appreciated; none of the data boxes are required to be filled in. However, please furnish sources if you have them. This is a great way of sharing your information with everyone and is also a great way to update your information if needed Use your TAB key to move through the form. DO NOT HIT ENTER until you are ready to submit your data. |