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Curricula (American History Through Literature)
From 1820 to 1870, curricula in higher education shifted from a focus on oral to written discourse, in part as a result of the Industrial Revolution. The increased access to printed materials, rising literacy rates, and reliance on the written word to conduct political, economic, and legal business effected changes in educational curricula and pedagogy. By the end of the century, American education replaced the oratorical training necessary for students interested in ministry and civic leadership positions with a specialized disciplinary curricula designed for emerging professional careers. While school curricula and the ideologies behind them obviously influenced literary production, the relationship between instruction and authorship was especially close during this period; a stint at school teaching was part of the preparation of most of the important authors of the period, including Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Fanny Fern, Henry David Thoreau, Herman Melville, and Walt Whitman.
Throughout the period under discussion, high schools and colleges shared similar curricula and pedagogical trends. However, primary school instruction was defined by a handful of textbooks that established the basis for a "chauvinistic nationalism" and literary heritage, which went unchallenged well into the twentieth century.
One of the best known was the text that was commonly known as the Blue-Back Spellerhe first part of A Grammatical Institute of the English Language (1783) by Noah Webster (1758843). It was common in America until 1900 and, as described by Arthur Applebee in Tradition and Reform in the Teaching of English: A History, it "combined under one cover alphabet, primer, speller, and reader, using materials which were unabashedly adult and didactic" (p. 3). Created in part to unify education and culture, Webster's Grammatical Institute also included a grammar and a reader, neither of which ever attained the success of Webster's speller but, nevertheless, established the pattern for all subsequent grammar-school texts. Grammar was considered a primary school subject, a prerequisite for study at the college level but not a subject actually studied there. In 1819 the College of New Jersey (later Princeton) first asked incoming students to demonstrate competence in English grammar. By 1860 most colleges had adopted similar requirements, which relegated the study of grammar to the lower schools. By 1850 Murray's English Grammar (first published in England in 1795) had gone through two hundred editions and enjoyed widespread adoption in American lower schools.
Of note, Webster's An American Selection of Lessons in Reading and Speaking (the third part of Grammatical Institute and first published in 1787) secularizes school curriculum by selecting patriotic texts useful for improving spoken discourse. However, not until 1830 did secular concerns outnumber religious readings and lessons in primary school readers. During the time period under consideration, belletristic literature was rarely adopted as the primary text for reading instructionot until the 1880s would the study of literature become an accepted pedagogical method for primary reading instruction. Instead, students were assigned selections that reflected a Protestant work ethic. Within this tradition, we find the enormously popular Eclectic Reader, better known as the McGuffey reader six-volume series first published in 1836 by William Holmes McGuffey (1800873). Universally adopted in America for fifty years, the McGuffey readers included short (one- to two-page) lessons sequentially ordered according to difficulty. Volumes five and six also included short belletristic selections. The McGuffey readers stressed reading aloud and included topics associated with elocution instruction. Collectively, Webster's and McGuffey's texts established both the educational theories and subject matter that defined American primary school education and dictated text production for decades to come.
Originally a part of the classical rhetorical canonnvention, arrangement, style, memory, and deliveryraining in elocution remained a distinct field of study during the nineteenth century. Introduced into the curriculum in order to prepare students training to become lawyers, ministers, and political leaders, the elocutionary movement in America derived from the strong British tradition. The first American influence upon teachers and texts of the period was Philosophy of the Human Voice (1827) by James Rush (1786869). It provided an introduction to the scientific components of speech, adding a discussion of vocal production to traditional discussions of delivery and gesture. The Rush system spawned many American texts, and followers of Rush represented diverse fields: rhetoric, science, medicine, education, and theater. Like Rush, the Reverend Ebenezer Porter (1772834), Bartlett Professor of Sacred Rhetoric in Andover Seminary, was a pioneer teacher and textbook writer interested in the physiology of elocution; his sphere of influence extended far beyond theological circles. Porter, too, was interested in the scientific aspects of speech. His 1827 treatise Analysis of the Principles of Rhetorical Delivery as Applied in Reading and Speaking was adopted at colleges such as Amherst, Brown, Dartmouth, Georgia, Gettysburg, Hampden-Sydney, Middlebury, Mount Holyoke, and Wesleyan. The shortened version of that work designed for lower-school instruction, The Rhetorical Reader (1831), was adopted by schools in every state in the union.
The separation of rhetoric and elocution is obvious by 1830, when Yale appointed Erasmus D. North as instructor of elocution, and Harvard hired Jonathan Barber to teach a scientific method of elocution. By 1850 "Rhetoric and Oratory" was replaced by the term "Rhetoric and Belles Lettres," and although declamations, disputations, and training in rhetoric had traditionally been part of the American curriculum, not until the nineteenth century were endowed chairs established and speech training organized into a separate course or combined with composition instruction. In 1842 and 1843 Amherst offered a freshman course entitled Elements of Orthoepy and Elocutions, supplemented by weekly exercises in composition and declamation. At the same time, the University of Alabama offered a freshman-level course called Elocution, which required students to compose and publicly deliver weekly exercises in Latin and English. As late as 1861 Harvard offered a class entitled Elocution, which included lessons in orthoepy, expression, action, rhetorical analysis, and reading; and the same year Yale offered a sophomore-level class entitled Elocution, Declamation, and Composition. However, the majority of elocution teachers were itinerant lecturers who often gave private lessons at area educational institutions and occasionally established private schools of elocution. William Russell (1798873), the author of The American Elocutionist (1844), and James Murdoch founded the School of Practical Rhetoric and Oratory in 1844 in Boston, and J. W. Shoemaker (1842880) established the National School of Elocution and Oratory in Philadelphia in 1866. The public looked to oratory and elocution as a means for social advancement. Notably, in his youth, Frederick Douglass purchased an edition of The Columbian Orator (1797) by Caleb Bingham (1757817), a popular elocution textbook. Douglass studied the collected famous speeches and rules of oratory in order to find his own voice.
Elocutionary training was included in the lower schools, as well. In addition to Porter's The Rhetorical Reader, the McGuffey Readers acknowledged elocutionary instruction, and Russell, the first editor of the American Journal of Education (1826829), was particularly interested in the improvement of "expressive faculties" in the lower gradesvidenced in his treatises written for grammar school teachers. Although elocution as a school subject was displaced by 1875, because of its tendency to become artificial and exhibitionist, the American elocutionists from 1820 to 1870 made significant contributions to what would become the field of speech education.
In Writing Instruction in Nineteenth-Century American Colleges, James Berlin identifies three strands of nineteenth-century rhetoric within American education: classical (based on Greek and Roman oratorical practice), psychological-epistemological (deriving from Scottish common sense realism, the rejection of Aristotelian philosophy, and belletristic concerns), and romantic (which places the act of reading and writing at the center of knowledge). By 1820 the classical tradition was in demise as Americans came to value education that was scientific, practical, and personal. And by the end of the nineteenth century, the term "rhetoric" became synonymous for writing instruction.
The first half of the nineteenth century witnessed the publication of few American works on rhetoric. Colleges and universities relied heavily on British texts, particularly Hugh Blair's Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres (published and brought to America in 1783 and reprinted in Philadelphia in 1784), George Campbell's Philosophy of Rhetoric (published in 1776 and reprinted in America in 1818), Richard Whately's Elements of Rhetoric (1828), and Lord Henry Home Kames's Elements of Criticism (1762). Best known as an influential source for the rhetoric of Blair, Campbell, and Whately, Kames's text went through over thirty American editions and was widely adopted in American colleges during this period. One other Scottish belletristic rhetoric, Alexander Jamieson's A Grammar of Rhetoric and Polite Literature (1818), was enormously popular from 1820 until about 1880, going through sixty editions.
Blair's Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres was enormously popular prior to the Civil War. Not a systematic treatment of classical rhetoric but rather a collection of opinions on literary composition and criticism, Lectures addressed taste, style, language, eloquence, and belletristic compositions. Often imitated, Blair's categorizations and codification of rhetorical principles were prevalent within college curricula. His dismissal of invention and attention to style led to the widespread study of belletristic literature. After 1820 Campbell's Philosophy of Rhetoric became a strong competitor of Blair's Lectures. Although designed for rhetorical oratory, Campbell's work applied equally to written discourse and was widely adopted as a composition text. Campbell discussed logic, grammar, and style extensively, and his treatment of usage was, for a time, universally adopted in American schools.
Addressing both oral and written discourse, Whately's Elements of Rhetoric immediately rivaled the popularity of Blair and Campbell in the American colleges but was used in conjunction with those texts rather than supplanting them. Adopted as late as 1880, Whately restored to rhetoric the Aristotelian emphasis on logic. Uninterested in belletristic rhetoric, he devoted much attention to invention and arrangement, insisting that students must be given assignments that they find interesting and that fall within their range of abilities. Until after the Civil War, no original American rhetoric text appearednly imitators of Blair, Campbell, and Whately.
A Practical System of Rhetoric; or, The Principles and Rules of Style: Inferred from Examples of Writing (1827) by Samuel P. Newman (1797842) was the first commercially successful American rhetoric designed specifically as a textbook. A rhetoric of written criticism, Newman's work focused on style and criticismnd clearly followed Blair's belletristic tradition. Within this tradition, Edward T. Channing (1790856), holder of the Boylston Chair at Harvard, 1819851, is noteworthy. Although Channing's Lectures Read to the Seniors in Harvard College (1856) never enjoyed widespread adoption, the publication of his work, which focuses on the writer rather than orator, marks the end of the dominance of classical rhetoric in America. Channing is perhaps best known as the influential teacher of students such as Thoreau, Emerson, Oliver Wendell Holmes, and James Russell Lowell. Channing supplemented his courses in rhetoric with informal evening meetings in which his students read and discussed English poetry.
The most notable shift in curricula during this time concerns the institutionalization of composition instruction. Alexander Bain, the Scottish professor of moral philosophy, psychologist, and the first holder of the chair of English and Logic at Aberdeen University, published English Composition and Rhetoric: A Manual (1866) to introduce his rustic Scottish students to paragraph unity, topic sentences, and the modes of discourse. Widely adopted, emulated, and (mis)appropriated in American schools, Bain's work is often blamed for establishing a reductive view of current-traditional rhetoric in America, which was practiced throughout the twentieth century.
George Payne Quackenbos (1826881) was perhaps the first American rhetorician to synthesize the British imports and to deliver pedagogical advice in a practical manner. In Advanced Course of Composition and Rhetoric: A Series of Practical Lessons on the Origin, History, and Peculiarities of the English Language (1854), Quackenbos included discussions of the belletristic tradition, composition advice based on Campbell's conception of faculty psychology, and an exhaustive section on grammar (a practical subject not normally included in the more theoretical rhetoric texts characterizing the time). Along with Bain and less influential American contemporary Henry Noble Day (1808890), author of Elements of the Art of Rhetoric (1850), Quackenbos was one of the first rhetoricians to make the modes of discourse a fundamental component of composition instruction.
The educational move from oratory to composition instruction benefited women's education in three important ways: Belletristic rhetoric's focus on taste and literary style (as opposed to eloquence) better suited nineteenth-century perceptions of womanhood. Suggesting that rhetoric fell within the realm of womanhood, belletristic education offered examples of women's conversation as models of excellent prose. Technological advancementsheaper ink and paperefuted arguments claiming that the education of women was an expensive extravagance. And rising middle-class parents were often eager to educate their daughters so that they might obtain jobs in respectable teaching fields and raise the socioeconomic status of the family (Wright and Halloran, pp. 23435). Although the education of women was becoming socially acceptable during this time, women were still educated in the "rhetoric of use" or "culture of service." Female students were not introduced to traditional modes of public speakinglthough they often engaged in the practice of reading aloud their written works in class, as was the case with the students of the educator Catharine Beecher (1800878). Women also were trained in drama and debate, whereby they inadvertently received oratorical training. Essentially, viewed as ill-suited to oratory and social advancement and well-suited to nurturing young children, women were trained to teach formulaic, unimaginative lessons in what later became current-traditional rhetoric. The career of the prolific and commercially successful Fanny Fern (the pen name of Sara Payson Willis Parton, 1811872) provides a notable exception to prescribed female roles. Educated at Catharine Beecher's Female Seminary in Hartford, Connecticut, Fern became the first woman newspaper columnist in America.
Advocates for women's equal right to education made early inroads during this period. Oberlin College stands out as one notable success in the early access of women to higher education. In 1833 Oberlin admitted 38 women out of 101 total students into its first college class, and, in 1835 it established the first female literary society in the American collegeshe Young Ladies' Association.
In 1839 the essayist and social reformer Margaret Fuller (1810850), formerly a teacher at Amos Bronson Alcott's Temple School and the Greene Street School in Providence, began a series of public "Conversations" targeting socially active and intellectual women in the Boston area. An accomplished teacher in the transcendentalist tradition, Fuller provided a venue in which women could intimately explore intellectual interests and freely discuss social reform. Spanning five years and expanding the discussion format of Elizabeth Palmer Peabody's earlier lecture series, Fuller's Conversations attracted more than two hundred women and addressed a wide range of topics, such as Greek myths and the fine arts. Many leaders of the feminist movement, including Julia Ward Howe, participated in Fuller's feminist venture.
From about 1836 to 1860, the American transcendental movement thrived in New England. Initiated as a reform effort of the Unitarian church, a small group of intellectuals in Concord, Massachusetts, developed instead their own philosophies of individual integrity and explored connections among spiritual, social, and the intellectual consciousness. Transcendentalism adopted tenets of Neoplatonism, German idealistic philosophy, and Eastern religious teachings. Influenced by philosopher Immanuel Kant's "transcendental" ideas and expanding upon William Ellery Channing's belief in an indwelling God, the transcendentalists rejected Lockean empiricism and instead embraced intuitive thought. Recognizable figures associated with this literary and philosophical movement include Frederic Henry Hedge, Amos Bronson Alcott, Margaret Fuller, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau.
Self-educated, Amos Bronson Alcott (1799888) boldly embodied the transcendentalist's ideals. In 1834 Alcott opened a school for thirty elementary-age boys and girls in the Masonic Temple in Boston. The transcendentalists' optimistic emphasis on individualism, self-reliance, and rejection of traditional authority formed the cornerstone of Alcott's Temple School. Working with Peabody and Fuller, Alcott adopted a pedagogy based on Socratic dialogue and established a curriculum that included not only the traditional triumvirate of reading, writing, and arithmetic, but also instruction in art, music, exercise, and student government. Abandoning traditional exercises in rote memorization, Alcott designed a curriculum promoting the physical, mental, and spiritual development of his pupils. Although Boston newspapers proclaimed Temple School one of the best common schools in the United States, ultimately the school failed because Alcott's teaching methods fell far afield of mainstream education.
Extracurricular activitiesn the form of debating and literary societiesostered an appreciation for literature and provided students the opportunity to polish English composition skills. College courses focused on improving student's Latin and Greek. Although both high school and college students were expected to read widely on their own time, the classical curriculum of most schools did not view English literature as a subject worthy of academic instruction. In fact, the libraries of the literary societies were often the only campus source for contemporary fiction, poetry, biography, or drama. In the literary and debate societies, students addressed contemporary political and philosophical issues and often hosted controversial speakers. For example, at the invitation of student groups, Emersonlthough officially banned from campuspoke at Williams College three times. But the primary focus of the societies from 1820 until their eventual decline was disputation and debate.
The forensic disputation and extempore speech (defined as well-prepared but not yet delivered or memorized papers) were well cultivated in the debating societies. Unlike classroom exercises, which strictly followed Latin syllogistics, the disputations characterizing the societies were delivered in English, included the adoption of emotional proofs and decreased reliance on syllogism as the primary logical appeal. The debating societies held participants to such a high standard that, by 1837, Columbia College felt no need to replicate the societies' efforts and dropped all extemporaneous exercises and debate from the curriculum.
The college model of literary and debating societies was adopted by college preparatory schools. The study of literature was relegated to extracurricular societies until after 1870, following the publication of works such as Culture and Anarchy: An Essay in Political and Social Criticism (1869) by Matthew Arnold (1822888). Arnold, a school inspector in addition to his more famous roles as poet and critic, argued that through the study of culture, public education could maintain traditional values and serve as an agent of social control. Although Arnold did not claim authority for vernacular studies, his argument was appropriated as a rationale for incorporating the realm of literary and debating societies into mainstream curricula.
"The flowering of New England," as Van Wyck Brooks terms the period from 1815 to 1865, fostered the development of a uniquely American literature and the establishment of America's educational legacy. Harvard, in particular, provided the curricular and pedagogical blueprint guiding American higher education. At Harvard, the curriculum was divided along the lines of religion and philosophy, mathematics and science, rhetoric and oratory, and classical and modern languages. Placing great emphasis on the study of languages (and accompanying literature), many well-known writers and critics of the period taught at Harvardublishing scholars who did not confine their literary interests to the classroom. Unlike their predecessors, the Harvard-educated elite of the nineteenth century became professor-scholars, not ministers. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807882), James Russell Lowell (1819891), and Oliver Wendell Holmes (1809894)he Brahmin Poets (as the patrician, Harvard-educated class was known)eld positions at Harvard and augmented traditional rote lessons to include stimulating discussions of literature. From 1836 to 1854 Longfellow served as Smith Professor of Modern Languages, and his homeraigie Houseecame a meeting place for students, as well as literary and philosophical figures, including Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Julia Ward Howe, and Charles Sumner. Before coming to Harvard, Longfellow had been the first professor of modern languages at Bowdoin College, where he wrote his own text for the courseecause none existed. Following Longfellow's retirement from Harvard, Charles Russell Lowell assumed the professorship of modern languages and gained respect not only as a poet but as a critic and educator, as well. The poet Oliver Wendell Holmes established an impressive academic career, first serving as professor of anatomy and physiology at Dartmouth College (1839840), then dean of the Harvard Medical School (1847853) and Parkman Professor of Anatomy and Physiology at Harvard (1847882). The study of literature, previously subsumed within courses on rhetoric and language, was coming to the foreground.
The career of the Harvard professor Francis James Child (1825896) most clearly represents the rise of philological studies in American education. Harvard appointed Child the Boylston Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory in 1851, following the retirement of Edward T. Channing. Although holding the preeminent American chair in rhetoric, Child, inspired by German ideals of scholarship, rejected classical rhetoric and instead lectured passionately on the understanding and appreciation of great literature. When Johns Hopkins offered Child a professorship of literature in 1876, Harvard retained Child by naming him professor of English, a position he held until his death in 1896. Child established himself as a literary scholar, specializing in philological and historical study of literature and, subsequently, transformed a struggling elective subject into a major discipline. Under Child's influence, rhetoric was relegated to first-year composition classes, and literary studies became the focus of American English departments.
James Rolfe is credited for introducing the study of literature into the high school curriculum. From 1848 to 1858 Rolfe taught literature within three different high school districts, and eventually his work drew Child's attention. After receiving an honorary A.M. degree from Harvard in 1859, Rolfe became principle of Cambridge High School in 1862, where he regulated the study of literature, united literary study and philology, and rooted the study of literature within the classical tradition. He adopted a formal method of pedagogy, stressing rote memorization of rules and facts.
During the latter half of the period under consideration, Charles Dexter Cleveland's A Compendium of English Literature (1847) enjoyed widespread adoption in the high schools. Manuals of literary history, which included short articles on English authors, answered college student demand for study in English literature. Arranged chronologically and including no actual works of literature, these essays were designed for rote memorization and recitation. Thomas B. Shaw's Outlines of English Literature (originally published in 1849) was the most widely adopted of these manuals in the American colleges. By 1870 the high school study of literature (joined with philology and studied within the classical tradition) was considered an intellectually rigorous curriculum. Child and Rolfe were instrumental in establishing literature as a legitimate course of study in American schools.
Initially, higher education paid little attention to threats of civil war. Even during the war, many colleges continued to hold classes and sustain university business as long as possible. The effects of war on individual institutions varied, depending on the proximity of schools to the front lines, declining enrollments, and finances. Curriculum varied little, and course offerings at most institutions remained constant during the war, depending on faculty availability.
Following the war, the prewar trend to provide increased funding for developing agricultural and mechanical-sciences curricula continuedssisted in great part by the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862, which was signed into effect by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. Named after its sponsor, Vermont representative Justin S. Morrill, the legislation was additionally entitled "An Act donating Public Lands to the several States and Territories which may provide Colleges for the Benefit of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts." It provided each state with thirty thousand acres for each senator and representative in Congress under the census of 1860. The states were to sell the land and apply the interest on receipts toward
the endowment, support, and maintenance of at least one college where the leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and classical studies and including military tactics, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, in such manner as the legislature of the States may respectively prescribe, in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the pursuits and professions of life. (Quoted in Cowley and Williams, p. 121)
Answering a century-long national call for blending technical and academic instruction (first introduced by Benjamin Franklin in 1749), the Morrill Land Grant Act altered the trajectory of American higher education. This legislation established institutions capable of expanding elective curricula to train students for work in new disciplines and occupations, some of which were unforeseeable in the 1860s.
Educational curricula from 1820 to 1870 are critical in understanding the origins of contemporary American disciplinary studies; yet, this period in American education is understudied. Archival resources from the periodncluding institutional data, school-reform reports, lecture notes, student writings, class plans, society minutes, committee reports, local school legislation, and so forthwait discovery and analysis.
See also Colleges; Education; Literacy; Oratory; Rhetoric
Secondary Works
Applebee, Arthur. Tradition and Reform in the Teaching of English: A History. Urbana, Ill.: National Council of Teachers of English, 1974.
Berlin, James A. Writing Instruction in Nineteenth-Century American Colleges. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1984.
Brooks, Van Wyck. The Flowering of New England, 1815865. New York: Dutton, 1936.
Cowley, W. H., and Don Williams. International and Historical Roots of Higher Education. New York: Garland, 1991.
Golden, James L., and Edward P. J. Corbett. The Rhetoric of Blair, Campbell, and Whately. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1990.
Guthrie, Warren. "The Development of Rhetorical Theory in America, 1635850: The Domination of the English Rhetorics." Speech Monographs 15 (1948): 611.
Johnson, Nan. Nineteenth-Century Rhetoric in North America. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1991.
Kitzhaber, Albert R. Rhetoric in American Colleges, 1850/i> 1900. Dallas, Tex.: Southern Methodist University Press, 1990.
Schultz, Lucille M. The Young Composers: Composition's Beginnings in Nineteenth-Century Schools. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1999.
Stewart, Donald C. "Two Model Teachers and the Harvardization of English Departments." In The Rhetorical Tradition and Modern Writing, edited by James J. Murphy, pp. 11829. New York: Modern Library Association of America, 1982.
Wallace, Karl R., et al., eds. History of Speech Education in America: Background Studies. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1954.
Wright, Elizabethada A., and S. Michael Halloran. "From Rhetoric to Composition: The Teaching of Writing in America to 1900." In A Short History of Writing Instruction: From Ancient Greece to Modern America, edited by James J. Murphy, pp. 21346. Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum, 2001.
Lynée Lewis Gaillet
Source: American History Through Literature, ©2006 Gale Cengage. All Rights Reserved. Full copyright.


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March 2013
Adrian Saba (B.A. '10)
Adrian Saba Q & A:
What was your favorite class, who was your favorite professor, or what is your fondest memory of Hofstra?
Many, many… it's hard to decide! I enjoyed my film classes very much. Senior film, RTVF 47, Introduction to Film, Cinematography. But I also enjoyed the classes I took for my minor and outside my major. I minored in anthropology and I loved my classes; they expanded my views on the world and what we are. I took classes in the theater department like directing and acting, which also help me a lot in my work today. I wish I had time to finish my French classes, too! I also loved getting certified in scuba diving while I was at Hofstra!
What was your first job after graduating from Hofstra, and what was the most valuable thing you learned there?
I'm a filmmaker, so I've never really had anything "stable." I did corporate videos, advertising, and worked as an assistant director in two plays while I was preparing my film.
What is your field of specialty, and how did you come to work in the industry?
Film directing. After I graduated from Hofstra, all I wanted to do was to shoot a film. That's all I had in my mind, and I decided that I wanted to come back to Peru because of my identity. I had to be introduced to the world as a Peruvian filmmaker with a Peruvian film. I am now part of the industry, but I've only been in it a very short time (I graduated in 2010). I made a foreign independent film that is doing really well around the world, and now I'm working on preparing the next one.
What advice would you give current Hofstra students?
Enjoy school as much as you can! And start pursuing your dreams while you are at school. Find that thing you love and do it. It's the greatest pleasure, no matter how hard it can get. There's nothing like doing what you love.
In one word, how would you describe Hofstra?
Coming from Peru, what made you decide to attend Hofstra?
Hofstra's film program and the scholarship I received. Filmmaking is all about taking risks; it's a bunch of people taking the risk that makes a film (and, in my case, a career) come together. Hofstra took the risk by supporting me for the whole four years.
Who in your field do you most admire?
Wow. Big question. Many, many people. I could start with my professors at Hofstra and my classmates who are out there.
Where do you see yourself in 10 years? Where do you see your career progressing to in the future?
Hopefully making more movies!


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Tue, Dec 03, 2013 | 20:56 GMT
Renegade Kid delays Treasurenauts 3DS release into Q1 2014
Treasurenauts, the latest from Renegade Kid, will not make its planned December 2013 release, but will instead land on 3DS during Q1 2014.
Mon, Sep 23, 2013 | 14:51 BST
Renegade Kid's Treasurenauts rated by ESRB
Treasurenauts is the next game from indie studio Renegade Kid, and it's just been rated by the ESRB, suggesting that a release is on the way.
Tue, Jul 02, 2013 | 06:05 BST
Moon sequel possible once rights return to dev in 2014
Renegade Kid will be able to pursue a sequel to Moon once it regains the rights to the DS shooter.
Thu, May 30, 2013 | 22:56 BST
Mutant Mudds Deluxe arrives in the US next month
Renegade Kid's Mutant Mudds Deluxe arrives on the North American 3DS eShop next month.
Tue, May 07, 2013 | 13:59 BST
Mutant Mudds Deluxe ready for Nintendo certification on Wii U
Mutant Mudds Deluxe development has neared its end, and Renegade Kid is ready to submit the improved version of the original for Wii U to Nintendo for certification. The news was announced via the firm's Jools Watsham on Twitter. The Wii U version of the game comes with new levels, all DLC released for the original version, off-TV play, and more. Hopefully a release date will be announced soon. Thanks, D'toid.
Mon, Apr 22, 2013 | 02:07 BST
Mutant Mudds developer expresses frustration with Steam Greenlight
Renegade Kid's Jools Whatsham has expressed his disappointment in both of Steam's submission processes, which have so far failed to secure a release slot for the very well received Mutant Mudds.
Wed, Feb 13, 2013 | 12:21 GMT
Mutant Mudds 2 pegged for 2014 release
Mutant Mudds developer Jools Watsham has confirmed that the sequel to Renegade Kid's PC, Wii U and 3DS platformer is coming next year.
Sun, Jan 13, 2013 | 23:39 GMT
Mutant Mudds developer working on FPS for 3DS eShop
Renegade Kid is working on a first-person-shooter for the 3DS eShop, Jools Watsham, co-founder, has told Nintendo Force over Twitter.
Fri, Jan 11, 2013 | 10:42 GMT
Epic Mickey: Power of Illusion dev on "unfortunate and ugly impact" of 3DS piracy fears
Epic Mickey: Power of Illusion developer DreamRift has responded to discussion in the industry regarding 3DS piracy rates. It comes as Mutant Mudds developer Renegade Kid voiced an ultimatum it would abandon 3DS development if piracy rates hit the same level seen on Nintendo DS. DreamRift has cautioned the "unfortunate and ugly impact" of 3DS piracy fears.
Fri, Jan 11, 2013 | 05:36 GMT
Canned Crash Bandicoot DS game footage surfaces – report
A video has turned up showing what is purported to be Crash Landed, a DS title apparently in the works at Renegade Kid in 2008 and 2009 before being shelved.
Fri, Jan 04, 2013 | 21:09 GMT
Mutant Mudds developer clarifies comment regarding 3DS and piracy
Renegade Kid boss Jools Watsham has clarified his comments regarding 3DS and piracy, in an effort to circumvent the possibility of his words being further misconstrued.
Thu, Jan 03, 2013 | 20:34 GMT
Mutant Mudds 2 in the works, confirms Renegade Kid
Renegade Kid co-founder Jools Watsham has confirmed that Mutant Mudds 2 is in the works. Mentioned on Twitter via a back-and-forth with a fan, it's no surprise a sequel is planned considering how popular the original seems to be on the 3DS eShop. The game is also slated for release on Wii U where it will be known as Mutant Mudds Deluxe, and comes complete with extra content goodies. No word on when to expect Mutant Mudds 2 and it's unknown at present which platforms it will be released on. Thanks, Nintendo Life.
Thu, Jan 03, 2013 | 02:49 GMT
Renegade Kid boss vows to drop 3DS support if piracy ramps up
Mutant Mudds, Dementium and Moon developer Renegade Kid may give up on the 3DS if it is successfully exploited by hackers and pirates.
Sat, Dec 01, 2012 | 20:42 GMT
Mutant Mudds out for iOS next week, Wii U Q1 2013
Mutant Mudds will release next week on iOS. Renegade Kid's iOS build comes with the original 60 levels for $0.99. Hit up the App Store on December 6 and download it for iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. Meanwhile, those looking forward to the title hitting Wii U should expected it sometime during Q1 2013with "even more unique content,."
Sat, Oct 13, 2012 | 16:58 BST
Mutant Mudds 3DS free DLC arrives in Europe next week, US gets it a week later
Mutant Mudds 3DS free DLC has will arrive through eShop starting next week, according to Renegade Kid co-founder Jools Watsham. The DLC includes the 20 additional levels released with the PC version of the game. US players can download the DLC on October 25, while Europe will get the DLC next week on October 18. Thanks, D'toid.
Thu, Sep 13, 2012 | 18:55 BST
Mutant Mudds Deluxe announced for Wii U
Mutant Mudds will release on Wii U as Mutant Mudds Deluxe, according to Renegade Kid. The news was announced via a lone screenshot on Jools Watsham's blog. The developer announced earlier this month that it's now a fully authorized Wii U developer, so expect the game to arrive via the eShop for the console sometime in the near future. Mutant Mudds Deluxe will contain the 20 additional levels release on Steam and coming soon to the 3DS version.
Thu, Sep 06, 2012 | 14:44 BST
Mutant Mudds 3DS to receive extra levels included with Steam version
Mutant Mudds 3DS will get a smashing of free DLC soon, according to Renegade Kid co-founder Jools Watsham. The platformer was recently released on Steam with 20 additional levels, which is the extra content 3DS users will be receiving. Watsham also said the studio will continue to support Nintendo platforms and the eShop now that it's an authorised Wii U developer. You can find out more through the link. Thanks, Cubed3.
Fri, Aug 31, 2012 | 02:57 BST
Dementium II set for PC release
Well bless my soul, Renegade Kid's classic DS first-person horror adventure is coming to PC. Everything is possible in an infinite universe, it seems.
Tue, Aug 21, 2012 | 12:01 BST
Mutant Mudds heading to PC August 30th
Mutant Mudds is heading to PC on August 30th, despite being rejected for sale by Steam. GOG, Gamersgate and Desura will be selling the game at launch.
Thu, Aug 16, 2012 | 00:20 BST
3DS eShop, Wii U store appeal to independent developers
Despite the poor reputation of existing services, developers seem genuinely enthusiastic about the 3DS eShop and the Wii U's unrevealed digital storefront service.


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and Shuli is on fire!
and Shuli is on fire!
Jon Hein is God used to be Lord over the Saloon.
I'm not one of them, thank god.
Please don't cock block me on Twitter
This is better than rejuvenation.
Xmas avatar by Horsetoothed- it's s'cute
Rutherfurd V. Pup
I was driving at 5:30 and for some ungodly reason turned it to 101- but to my delight, Hi Pitch Erik was on- I hate to say it but I'm gonna listen to the whole segment on the replay right now- a turn to the Dark Side, I realize- I just find HPE fascinating. He is truly a human barnacle on society. He said he wears pants size 58 and sometimes balloons up to a 62.


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South African police brutality at record levels, justice group Finds
ABOVE PHOTO: A. Tatane held by friend after shooting.
(Photo courtesy Trice Edney wire)
With the defeat of apartheid, a new Black leadership runs South African ministries, businesses, and schools but an abusive police force appears to have survived the cultural and social changes.
Last year, five thousand complaints were lodged against the South African police and 720 deaths in police custody were reported, according to the Witz Justice Project of South Africa's University of Witwatersrand.
Among the notorious cases this year was the point-blank shooting of striking miners of the Marikana mines by police, and the death of Mido Macia, a Mozambican migrant taxi driver who was tied to the back of a police van and dragged along the road. He later died in custody.
The Justice Project, staffed by journalists, lawyers and students, collected testimonies that told of brutality from beatings to suffocation used to extract confessions.
"Torture hasn't suddenly reared its ugly head," said Professor Peter Jordi of the Wits Law Clinic who specializes in the subject of torture. "It's never stopped … It was carried out at police stations before and continues today.
In days past, he said, mostly political detainees were tortured. Today, "if you're a criminal arrested for armed robbery, you face exactly the same fate."
With video recording devices widely available, evidence of police misconduct is mounting. On April 5, an officer in Free State province was captured on video chasing a woman who fell to the ground, where he then stomped on her head. Two officers attempted to restrain their colleague but let him go. Interviewed on eNews Channel Africa (eNCA.com), Moses Dlamini of the internal investigative unit of police, called the video "shocking" yet dashed hope of prosecution because the victim was afraid to make a report.
The right to be free from torture is enshrined in South Africa's constitution. However, "police torture is a daily occurrence in Gauteng where I practice," said Jordi. "I probably handled more than 20 torture cases against the police in Gauteng alone last year."
Meanwhile, seven police officers accused of killing community activist Andries Tatane were acquitted to public outcry this month. Despite a video of the police shooting seen widely, prosecutors said that police witnesses has changed their testimony and it would be unlikely the case would be won on appeal. It prompted a popular TV show "The Big Debate" on Sunday to ask the question "Are the police out of control?"
+ Top Story
U.S. President Barack Obama exhorted the world Tuesday to embrace Nelson Mandela's universal message of peace and justice, electrifying tens of thousands of rain-lashed spectators and prompting a standing ovation by scores of heads of state in a South African stadium.
He was with Nelson Mandela during all those years the anti-apartheid icon was imprisoned on Robben Island. And, like millions around the world, he has been hit hard by Mandela's death. Yet this South African was not one of Mandela's fellow prisoners. Christo Brand was his jailer.
Nelson Mandela, who became one of the world's most beloved statesmen and a colossus of the 20th century when he emerged from 27 years in prison to negotiate an end to white minority rule in South Africa, has died. He was 95.
Ailing former South African President Nelson Mandela is not "doing well" but is continuing to put up a courageous fight from his "deathbed," members of his family have told the South African Broadcasting Corporation in an interview.
A movie depicting the life of Nelson Mandela has become South Africa's highest grossing picture after its opening last week, its producers said Thursday. The film, Long Walk to Freedom, has already earned $427,000 (Rand 4.4 million), according to Videovision Entertainment.
Iran struck a historic deal Sunday with the United States and five other world powers, agreeing to a temporary freeze of its nuclear program in the most significant agreement between Washington and Tehran in more than three decades of estrangement.
Most of Nelson Mandela's handwriting is neat, but it harbors a few mysteries. Archivists sometimes struggle to decipher words in the vast body of documents that Mandela penned, and he often jotted an acronym that nobody, not even the former South African president in later years, has been able to explain.
Four investigations, hundreds of testimonies and stacks of medical reports on Yasser Arafat's unexplained death in 2004 have failed to produce hard evidence of what killed him - and findings presented Friday only created more confusion.


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Alumni Ambassador Call for Nomination
The Office of Alumni Relations and Development is seeking student nominations for Alumni Ambassadors. Alumni Ambassadors are a distinguished group of UCM students that assist with on-and off-campus alumni and development events such as Homecoming, 50-Year Reunion, and Graduation Celebration. These students interact with both alumni and friends of the university. We are looking for friendly, outgoing students who are in good academic standing and demonstrate leadership ability. If there is a student you think would be interested in or fitting for this opportunity please email email@example.com or call at 660-543-8000. Please included the nominee's name and any contact information that you have (ie. First and Last Name, ucmo email, 700# if available). We will be accepting nominations until Thursday, March 14th. Thank you
For more information:
Go to: https://docs.google.com/a/ucmo.edu/spreadsheet/viewform?fromEmail=true&formkey=dGhtT3ZVQ1QxNGVPZnNEMEZkT3J4SEE6MQ
Contact marine jegu at firstname.lastname@example.com
or call 8000


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Fly across irridescent tropical reefs, brush through a cloud of a million jellyfish, visit an alien world where the closer you look, the more you see, where the tiniest creatures support the greatest... View more > Starring Jamie Lee Directed by Luke Cresswell, Steve McNicholas Running Time - :40 Genre - Documentary Opened in Theaters - Friday, February 3rd, 2012
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Pictures in this site are NOT MINE. All rights go to their respectives photographers and/or models.
Please let me know if you see some of your work or your face/body and you want me to add credits or delete them from here. Sorry for any inconvenience caused.


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War Is Over! (if you want it): Yoko Ono
This survey of works by legendary artist, musician and activist Yoko Ono is part of the 2013–14 Sydney International Art Series.
Embedded: Craig Walsh
Craig Walsh's new exhibition presents an immersive environment drawing on his recent artist residency in the Pilbara.
19th Biennale of Sydney
– You Imagine What You Desire
MCA will once again host Asia Pacific's largest contemporary visual arts event, when the 19th Biennale of Sydney: You Imagine What You Desire opens on 21 March.
MCA Collection: New Acquisitions in Context 2013
MCA Collection: New Acquisitions in Context 2013 presents a dynamic cross section of Australian contemporary art recently acquired by the MCA through purchase or donation.
Volume One: MCA Collection
Discover work by more than 130 Australian artists when the MCA presents Volume One: MCA Collection.
South of no North: Laurence Aberhart, William Eggleston, Noel McKenna on Tour
Explore the vernacular, a regional sense of place and a similar visual sensibility when South of no North visits Artspace Mackay from 5 July – 25 August 2013.
The Wandering: Moving images from the MCA Collection
The Wandering: Moving images from the MCA Collection will tour Australia throughout 2013 and 2014


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I just made the Babyville Boutique diaper pattern and found it to be successful. It has…
In: Using a dressmaker's dummy.
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In: Are there any posts about tulle evening gown 12-2011?
Silk tulle squishes down into a TINY space: anything less wide is just going to look sk…
In: Trousers with a 'smile' in the crotch area
Sounds like the center front length is too long… If it's only an inch or so, then un…
Spamming member: http://www.burdastyle.com/profiles/realigfollowers/my_activity
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Sip cocktails by the fire in faux fur, patterned silks, and more luxurious fabrics.
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See our picks for holiday parties, from brunch to a New Year's Eve bash!
Make something special and practical for your friends and family this holiday season!
Pattern of the Week
This slim-fit dress makes a perfect cocktail dress for this time of year!
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Sweet dresses, an outfit for a doll, and cute embellishments are fun for the holidays!


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- Also Known As:
- Hilton Maldives Iru Fushi Resort And Spa
- Hilton Maldives Iru Fushi Hotel Noonu Atoll
- Hilton Maldives Iru Fushi Hotel
- Hilton Noonu Atoll
- Noonu Atoll Hilton
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Ranked #1 of 1 hotels in Iru-fushi
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Hotel Class:5 star — Iru Fushi Beach & Spa Resort 5*
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Surrounded by over 52 acres of powdery white beach and lush, tropical vegetation, the stunning and secluded Iru Fushi Resort & Spa is set on the unspoiled Noonu Atoll and is accessed by a scenic 45 minute seaplane ride from Male'. The resort offers guests 12 different room categories, 12 dining and beverage options, numerous leisure and adventure activities and a luxury spa with 20 individual spa pavilions nestled within the tropical flora. ... more less
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text: A good vitamin base is essential for the long-haul of athletics training and because you are being judged on one performance alone you can't afford to have 'bad days'. Creatine is an exciting supplement for athletes - it builds muscle for strength but also supplies a quick burst of energy when you need it most. You also need to ensure you're flexible and your joints are supple, so you can train at your best everyday, so recovery is important too.


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Hello Friends, How does one start a flower garden? I want to start a garden, but I am not sure what plants grow well around where I live. I actually do not know anything about plants. I read online that I live in zone 10b (Miami,Fl) I guess that means I can only grow plants that grow in that zone. Does anyone have any tips on how to start a garden? I want to grow nice flowers & green plants. I just don't know where to begin. Thanks to whoever answers. Thanks In Advance, William Hayden | |||
Living in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 10b means you can grow any plant that will survive a normal winter in zone 10b. You will have a much greater selection than I would although some of the plants I can grow here would not do very well during your hot and humid summers. Many people will tell you to go out and buy plants and stick them in the ground, but if you start with a good, in depth look at your soil first, and work on making that in to a good healthy soil the plants you do grow will do much better with less work for you. Talk with the people at your local University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service about having a good reliable soil test done so you can adjust your soil to meet the needs of your plants. Most all plants will do well in soils with a pH in the 6.0 to 6.8 range while some (Rhododendrons and Azaleas for example) need a much lower soil pH to grow well. The sign of a good gardener is not a green thumb, it is brown knees. | ||||
Hi William and welcome to the garden board. Wow, you can grow just about anything...outdoors without many worries of frost and freezes. Tropical vines and plants...you have a whole wide selection to choose from. As Kimm said, you basically won't be limited as us in the more northern climes are. Kimm gave you good advice. Start with your soil. From what I've read, most Florida soil is more sandy....therefore a good soil test with follow up suggested amendments. How large is the area you wish to plant? Are you talking beds, borders or foundation plantings? Will the area be in full sun, or do you have some shade? This will be fun. There are many wise people on this board and some are from Florida. They can steer you toward the right plants to purchase after your soil is tested, tilled and amended. veThis message has been edited. Last edited by: vera ellen, | ||||
What both Kimm & VE forgot to tell you is...decide WHERE you are going to plant first. Taking a garden hose and "drawing" around the area you want to plant will give you some idea of how much area you will have. Also, by using the garden hose...you can adjust your boundries before it becomes a permanant spot! I would also suggest that you visit a few plant nurserys in your area to see what is available there. You should have a wide range and your area will grow tropical/sub-tropical the best. "The soil is the source of life, creativity, culture and real independence." David Ben-Gurion | ||||
Well duh, old age and memory loss...things we take for granted and forget to share with new gardeners. Thank you GaKaren for catching the mistake. Should have been the first thought! ve | ||||
William: Good advice here. I'd suggest reading all you can. The internet is a great resource for all sorts of gardening information. Also add "lasagna gardening" to your google search. It is a great way to start a new bed with less back-breaking efforts. Additional advice I would give to a beginner is to NOT go for the pricey (usually translates to larger) items when selecting plants. Go for the smaller ones and check the label for proper spacing. This way you get to enjoy watching them grow and don't get too upset when you lose one. And you will lose some, we all do...even experienced gardeners. I wish you luck - this is a very exciting time for you. I remember fondly when I was a newbie. Take lots of photos so you can document your hits and misses and years from now remember too. | ||||
Hmmm, wonder what happened to the OP? William, please post pics of your garden area so we can give you the best advice and know you are a serious poster. There are so many spammers around these days that I hesitate to waste my time unless people are serious posters. Lucky "I have always had an aversion to the concepts of in style and out of style." ~Rose Tarlow Inspirational pics: http://inspiration4u.shutterfly.com/ | ||||
I don't think the OP really exists...we've been having lurkers etc. on the boards lately. ~~~~~~~~~~~~ "I've decided to quit my job, drop out of society, and wear live animals as hats." | ||||
mgt, I think you're on to something. I think William is Dabney's buddy. If you look at his posts they are similar. "Hello Friends"... Others offering unsolicited advice and never any follow up. See also my post on the various spammers that seem to be infecting the place lately: http://boards.hgtv.com/eve/for...1057842/m/2393908767 General Disclaimer Any advice given here is general in nature and is not necessarily valid for your given area. If in doubt check with your local codes enforcement department for what is required when doing electrical, plumbing or structural work on your house. Permits may or may not be required in your area and home owners may not be able to DIY some tasks. I have no way of knowing if you have the skills needed to complete the tasks you are asking about, when in doubt seek professional assistance. My advice may be worth exactly what you pay me for it. :-) For the record I did not stay in a Holiday Inn Express last night. | ||||
I think joyluck, mgt & Sparky nailed it...spammer! This really is getting old. I guess some folks just don't get the mental health help they need. It's a shame! "The soil is the source of life, creativity, culture and real independence." David Ben-Gurion | ||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~ "I've decided to quit my job, drop out of society, and wear live animals as hats." | ||||
Since this is spam.... Instructions for how to start a garden... First thing you do is dig a hole. Second thing you do is either put seeds or a plant in the hole and cover. Third thing you do is pray that it grows! "The soil is the source of life, creativity, culture and real independence." David Ben-Gurion | ||||
Exactly!!! ~~~~~~~~~~~~ "I've decided to quit my job, drop out of society, and wear live animals as hats." | ||||
Love it! My 1900s farmhouse: http://share.shutterfly.com/ac...sid=0Abtm7Zw4cMmLKvg My gardens: http://share.shutterfly.com/ac...sid=0Abtm7Zw4cMmLLBA | ||||
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Career Coaching Graduates buck employment trendsOpportunities for professionally qualified Career Coaches have multiplied in the global recessionColin Hughes, Head of Department of Services Management Studies, Dublin Institute of Technology and Miriam Magner-Flynn, President of Institute of Career Coaching Ireland and Managing Director of Career Decisions Ireland pictured with Graduates of the Diploma in Career Coaching at the recent Graduation Ceremony "The Diploma in Career Coaching has been an outstanding success with over 75% of the 93 graduates from the 2010 class having already progressed into employment" said Miriam Magner-Flynn, Managing Director, Career Decisions Ireland and President of Institute of Career Coaching Ireland (ICCI). The ICCI is a specialist division of Career Decisions Ireland dedicated to training and developing Career Coaches and equipping them with a professional qualification of international repute. With the Union of Students in Ireland (USI) recently claiming over 90,000 Irish graduates are currently unemployed or considering emigration, the graduates of Ireland's first Diploma in Career Coaching are bucking the trend. Of the graduates who were conferred with a Diploma in Career Coaching (NFQ Level 7) in DIT, 75% have secured new employment. Of this figure, 30% have moved into new jobs with 45% started their own Career Coaching businesses. Career Coaches provide professional career services which include helping individuals make informed career decisions and effectively market themselves to secure new employment and promotion. Viewed as a recession-friendly business, Career Coaching is currently one of the fastest growing industries in the world*. With nervous employees wanting to increase their employability, the newly unemployed seeking CV and Interview Coaching and organisations using the services of Career Coaches to assist employees facing redundancy, the opportunities for professionally qualified Career Coaches have multiplied in the global recession. The Career Coaching sector is worth $2.4 million in the U.S. alone and is growing by18% year on year**. According to Magner-Flynn the diploma is ideally suited to people interested in securing new employment, changing career, improving their job prospects, gaining a promotion and a competitive edge through a professional qualification of international repute. It would benefit people with a background in Areas such as Teaching, Training, Management, Human Resources, Recruitment, Development, Leadership or related areas. Pictured at the Diploma in Career Coaching Graduation are Sheena Murphy, Diploma in Career Coaching Graduate, John Jameson, Head of School of Retail and Services, Dublin Institute of Technology and Miriam Magner-Flynn, President of Institute of Career Coaching Ireland (ICCI) and Managing Director of Career Decisions Ireland Founded by Miriam Magner-Flynn in 1994, Career Decisions Ireland is a premium provider of Career Coaching & Career Management services to clients in both the public and private sectors. It is the only Coaching company in Ireland to be approved as a FETAC Training Centre and has offices in Dublin and Limerick and a nationwide team of 48 highly experienced and accredited Career Coaches, Retirement Coaches and Psychologists. www.careerdecisions.ie ENDS |
Career Decisions Ireland - Dublin Phone +353 (0)16340077 email@example.com |
Career Decisions Ireland - Limerick Phone +353 (0)61-400664 firstname.lastname@example.com |


text: Holy Hour is a unique prayer opportunity offered by the Diocese of Rockville Centre. It combines adoration of the Blessed Sacrament and beautiful praise music followed by food and fellowship. There are also priests available for anyone who would like to receive the Sacrament of Confession. Reservations Required; RSVP to Joseph R. Gagliano at firstname.lastname@example.com or 718 990-2688Date: Friday, September 21st, 2012Time: 6:30 PM - 10:30 PMLocation: St. Ignatius Church, Hicksville NY, Queens CampusMore Information Joseph R. email@example.com 718 990-2688


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Link Session: Hurricane Sandy Relief Edition v. 2
Revised and expanded from last week, but by no means complete. Studios and Labels in Need of Assistance: Norton Records Needs Your Help Now! Their warehouse in Red Hook got absolutely decimated. Jacob Blickenstaff has the complete low-down here. Un-Flood BK Music is taking donations to help rebuild studios and practice spaces destroyed by … Read more


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Bettina Rathbone Tierney died in her home in Mclean, Va. on November 9, 2012. She was also a resident of the Boca Grande Club.
Bettina attended the Potomac School (formerly in Washington, now in Mclean), with which she and her family has had a long and special association. She also attended Miss Porter's School in Farmington, Conn., and Wellesley College where she majored in art history.
Mrs. Tierney was a member of the Junior League of Washington, D.C. and among her volunteer activities with the League were as an assistant in the Washington Planned Parenthood Clinic and as a docent at the National Gallery of Art.
Mrs. Tierney sang with the New Dominion Chorale for more than 20 years.
She had a lifetime love of sailing which began with her father, Livingston Hartley, and continued with her husband in the waters of Buzzard's Bay, Nonquitt, Maine, and the Chesapeake Bay. She and her husband were members of the Annapolis Yacht Club, the New Bedford Yacht Club and the Eastern Yacht Club of Marblehead, Mass.
She was also a member of the Sulgrave Club.
Mrs. Tierney owned and managed the Whale's Tail, a lady's boutique, in Mclean, Va. for 10 years.
She was born in Washington, D.C., in 1937 into a family with long associations with Washington and U.S. history. Her great-grandparents, Henry and Clara Harris Rathbone, were President and Mrs. Abraham Lincoln's guests in their box at Ford's Theatre on the night the president was assassinated. John Wilkes Booth seriously wounded Maj. Rathbone with a knife when he attempted to restrain Booth after he shot the president.
Mrs. Tierney's grandfather, Dr. Buckner McGill Randolph, was the chief of medicine at Walter Reed Hospital throughout the First World War and the Spanish Flu epidemic of 1918. The flu killed her grandmother, Clara Pauline Rathbone Randolph.
Mrs. Tierney is survived by Philip Tierney, her husband of 51 years; her three sons, Christopher Randolph Tierney (Ann) of Arlington, Va.; Philip Andrew Tierney (Laurel), of Silver Spring, Md.; David Hartley Tierney (Sabura) of Pope Valley, Calif.; grandchildren Ted, Megan, Isabel, Louisa (Lulu), Angus, and Sabur Philip; and a brother, Robert, of California.
Funeral services were scheduled to be held in Washington.


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The CEO of Mike Jefferies, literally makes me sick. He encompasses so much of what is wrong with our society. The bullying, the discrimination and so many awful things that kid's deal with ... he helps fuel. The retailer purposely excludes larger customers by not carrying womens pants past the size of 10. In addition, the CEO say's the only reason Abercrombie carries XL and XXL is for larger "athletes". You dont want "fat" people wearing your clothes .. whatever... but THIS IS WHAT PISSES ME OFF. These particular comments that Mr. CEO made...
"In every school there are the cool and popular kids, and then there are the
not-so-cool kids," He then continues to tell the website interviewing him. "Candidly, we go after the cool kids. We go after the attractive all-American kid with a great attitude and a lot of friends. A lot of people don't belong (in Abercrombie's clothes), and they can't belong.
Are we exclusionary? Absolutely. Those companies that are in trouble are trying
to target everybody: young, old, fat, skinny. But then you become totally
vanilla. You don't alienate anybody, but you don't excite anybody, either,"
WHO THE F are you to dictate who is "cool" or not!!!?? GTFOH! By the way, you want to know what Mr. Big Shot CEO Mike Jefferies "Captian Cool Guy" looks like? Google this idiot... He looks like the love child of Arnold Schwarzenegger and Frankenstien ... with too much botox.
Here is the full article that intiated this mini rage of mine


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When a little girl finds the words to share her joy, she adds to the joy of others.
The L.A. Lakers may be a graceful team, but when push comes to shove in the Western Conference finals, the Denver Nuggets have the rough physicality that it will take to win.
OHV users take issue with article decrying U.S. Forest Service's disinclination to restrict motorized vehicle traffic near Rico/West Dolores Planning Area.
More commentary from members of the Mountain Village 15-Year Plan Vision Task Force
Make no mistake, columnist Peter Shelton isn't pro abortion but he is pro freedom.
Warmer waters make for more active fish. Action at Ridgway Reservoir and below the dam should heat up along with the temperatures.
The "three Town Council members and a few members of the public who constantly attack the Realtors, the real-estate community and the developers" seem to think that "if we are for something, then t...
Swine flu scare may have been our pandemic warm-up, and its epicenter is what's probably the world's largest pig factory, with 900,000 pigs raised every year in the State of Vera Cruz, New Mexico. ...
After Cuban's Mother's Day debacle, we wonder: How about drug testing for team owners?
local perspective
By Seth Cagin
raising elle
By Martinique Davis
up bear creek
By Art Goodtimes
sports watch
By Gus Jarvis
By Rob Schultheis


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Hi! You've landed on the Polkadot Chair blog!! My name is Melissa Mortenson, and I'm so glad that you are here!
I'm a Mom to 3 great kids, married to a wonderful guy, and feel lucky to be living in Kentucky!
I love to sew, craft & create... this blog, named after a chair in my craft room, is a peek into my little world.
enjoy. -
- Amsterdam baby bernina christmas cooking costumes decor derby disney easy gift ideas fall fourteenmay giveaway guest posting Halloween holidays home journey kentucky kids may and mae mini album moda my life organize parties patterns project polka dot quilt along quilts recipe rhonnadesigns riley blake school scrapbook sewing silhouette skirts summer t-shirt thanksgiving travel tutorial Uncategorized valentines
Tutorial: Charming Gathered Table Runner
After I finished up my last Moda Bake Shop Project (to be posted in March), I had a bunch of charm squares left over and knew that I could not let them go to waste! If they get put in my "scrap bucket" they are likely to sit there forever, so I thought I'd make this easy table runner.
This table runner is made from the new Sherbet Pips line, yardage is not out yet, but I have seen pre-cuts for sale.
At first I was going to appliqué the hearts onto the center, then I realized that I would like to use this runner until Spring, and the hearts make it too Valentiney to me. So instead I attached them with buttons! That way after Valentine's day I can just take off the hearts and leave the runner out longer. You could do the same thing with a Christmas runner. I think I'm going to do the same thing for Easter.
I thought that gathering the charm squares gave it a fun twist!
Okay now onto the tutorial!
You will need:
1/2 yd fabric for backing
1/2 yd white batting (I use quilters dream cotton)
3 Jelly Roll strips for binding
2 buttons
6 Jelly Roll strips cut to 14″ long. (or if you don't have Jelly Roll strips, cut white fabric to 2.5″ x 14″)
1-2 Charm packs (buy 2 if you are picky about which prints to put in your runner) from those charm packs pick out:
12 Charm Squares in color 1
12 Charm Squares in color 2
3 Charm Squares in color 3 (for center)
2 Charms for Hearts
To begin:
Sew 6 charm squares together 4 times… soo… you will have
2 rows of 6 RED charm squares
2 rows of 6 GREY charm squares (or whatever color scheme you choose).
Sew 3 charm squares together of color 3 (in my case white).
Press seams OPEN. (it will make it easier to gather).
Beginning with your grey charm row, run 2 rows of gathering stitches down each long side of your row.
Pull up on gathering threads and pin to one of your 14″ white strips. Sew.
Repeat with a 2nd white strip on the other side of your grey row.
Press seam towards white strip.
It should look like this.
Next gather and attach your RED row and so on until all rows are sewn.
It should look like this:
1- White Strip
2- Grey Gathered Row
3- White Strip
4- Red Gathered Row
5- White Strip
6- White Row of 3 charms that is NOT gathered (the 3 charms sewn together)
7- White Strip
8- Red Gathered Row
9- White Strip
10-Grey Gathered Row
11- White Strip
Next cut your batting and backing to 18″ x 37″ (this will give you 2″ extra to work with on each end)
Quilt and bind- if you want to see how to do this- check out my last table runner tutorial here
Next take 2 charm squares and make a "sandwich" with the charm square on top, batting in the middle and fabric on the back.
Draw a heart on with disappearing ink.
Stitch around the heart
Trim off extra
You will have 2 quilted hearts.
Stitch 2 buttons to the center of the runner, and stitch 2 button holes in the hearts.
Trim threads, press well and you're done!
I hope you like it! Let me know what you think, it's really easy to sew, I did it in an afternoon!
18 Responses to Tutorial: Charming Gathered Table Runner
Adorable! Thank you so much for the tutorial!
I have never been a fan of table runners…but if I had one that looked like that I think I would be. I love it!!!
Love it! No pun intended. I love the ruched effect. Must be put on my to-do list. :)
That's so cute! Very effective way to show off the fabric. I'm hoping my little local quilt shop here in Romsey gets that line in so I can easily get some to make a lovely quilt.
so cute melissa. :) I love things that are so versatile!
I LOVE IT! So cute, I think this is a great tutorial for all seasons, thank you for sharing! ~Sam
Super cute!! The gathering gives it a nice twist, something extra fun.
that is gorgeouse, I love it! I have never done anything ruffley, so will try my hand at it soon so I can learn something new!
Thanks for the inspiration. Can't wait to make my own.
That is a whole lotta awesome!!! Thank you for the tutorial! Brilliant idea to put the hearts on with buttons! You could certainly add any shape to make it seasonal! Great idea!
I love this. And, I really love that you made the hearts detachable because I know if I made a runner, I would want to leave it on the table for more than a month!
Cute! Cute! Love it!
Very cute! Planning on making one each of my girls to have for their birthdays. Not a huge table runner fan, but these are fun for special occasion. Very cute idea! Thanks for sharing.
I agree with Traci, the detachable heart idea is brilliant. Darling runner. Hope you have a wonderful Valentine's Day and weekend!
This is so pretty! Love the gathered strips and the removable hearts!! I linked to your tutorial over at Craft Gossip Sewing:
I love the Sherbert Pips fabric! I read her blog now too. It is really cute :) And that gathering technique for the table runner is perfect. I think I will use that in my next doll quilt :)
Made this for my bestie for Christmas (we both love Valentine's day!). Forgot to get a pic before I gave it away! Sorry. This tutorial is awesome and you are so inspiring.
[…] Charming Gathered Table Runner – The Polkadot Chair […]


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Add a gentle glow to their day with this Peace Candle from the experts at Yankee Candle®. With a soothing, clean scent and our exclusive label design featuring a comforting image of a brilliant white dove in the palm of someone?s hand, it makes a touching expression of sympathy or a heartfelt get well gift.
, we have connected these accounts. You can now sign into 1-800Flowers.com anytime using Facebook Connect.


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Oh, the final day of the London2012 Olympics and it's a beautiful sunny day. Not so sunny down here in the lower levels of the London Media Centre (normally known as the hub for the British civil engineer group), but we are happy anyway.
Was soon going to Skpye with the Toronto Olympic desk chief Dave Ashton as we have done each and every day for the past 20. But before that, time to dash upstairs for normal lunch of tea, banana and a muffin.
Staff in the lounge said the marathon should be going by soon. As a matter of fact right now, they offered. So with tea and muffin in hand, out I went through the front door, stood on the steps and watched the world of Olympic marathon running go by. Plus all sorts of TV media people in an assortment of vehicles. Truly fun experience.
So now time to return the office inside. Oops no security pass. Left it downstairs. Just going to get lunch after all.
"Sir, you don't have a pass," she said. Good observation, I thought.
"You can't go in," she said. Fine, go and get my pass, I countered.
"I can't do that." she said. Nobody in office. Now, can't get there from here.
Enough of this. Just marched through, went downstairs and got not only my credentials for the building, but also my Olympic credentials.
Showed her and the security guard on the scanner both the passes.
"You need to wear that at all time," he barked.
(Not much longer, I thought, not much longer.)
Oh, about the marathon. First Olympic event I have seen.
The Games, and the runners, have just flown by.


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By Joni Blecher Follow me on Twitter | Wednesday, January 18, 2012 (permalink)
View more posts for Windows Phone 7
With cell phones performing more tasks, more and more people are finding that they need a permanent spot for them in the car especially in light of all the laws banning use of a cell phone while driving. Griffin showed off a product that could do the trick, the WindowSeat 3 Handsfree. Once the product is mounted to a windshield or dashboard, users can securely place their smartphone in the 3-point mounting bracket and then adjust it in place so that it can be seen at the right angle (think: turning it into a better position to see driving directions from a map on the phone.) The accessory works with a plethora of smartphones since it is so adjustable, though you likely will not be moving the WindowSeat 3 Handsfree accessory between multiple cars. It also comes with an auxillary audio cable so you can connect the phone to the car stereos Aux-in jack and use the built-in microphone for handsfree calling.


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When the Horseshoe Casino opens next spring it will likely have an 80-foot tall sign to attract customers. The full City Council is expected to approve the idea next week. The Budget and Finance Committee Monday approved the sign. Council Member Chris Seelbach is supportive."I think most reasonable people would say that this sign makes sense," Seelbach said. "I don't know that you can see it from Over The Rhine because of where it is positioned at the casino site and how low it is."
A current Cincinnati assistant police chief is leaving the department to be the director of security at the new downtown casino.
Horseshoe Cincinnati announced Thursday in a press release Richard Janke will start the new job on Sept. 10th.
"Richard's law enforcement experience, in-depth understanding of Cincinnati and his commitment to the vitality and safety of downtown makes him a great addition to our team," said casino General Manager Kevin Kline in a written statement.


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Library Account Register / Sign in |
Read this Book Number of Pages - 113 Find other books like this one in the library |
The young princess is given a little kitten as a gift. The kitten is so adorable that everything centers around playing with the little Rosaurus now. But a jealous friend hates the cat and plots to throw it in the river. Thus an adventure begins... Publication Date 1851 Languages German Contributor International Youth Library - Germany Publisher Baumgärtner's - Germany Policies Link to This Book |


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McPhail's testimony was unrefuted. Kizzi Montogomery's testimony was the same. Government didn't ask McPhail one question.
How do you get beyond that?
I took the position in the beginning that I would try to show you the investigation was flawed.
11:17AM Taking a 10 minute break. Not sure why I felt that Thomas was wrapping things up.
About the author
Alexandra Harland is a Princeton undergrad and has a masters degree in International affairs with Columbia. A Montreal native, she worked with the Daily Telegraph newspaper for a few years before transitioning to TV, when she worked at ABC News with Peter Jennings. Alexandra has also worked in newsrooms in both Detroit and Boston.
BLOG: Closing arguments start in Kilpatrick corruption trial
READ:Final charges against Kilpatrick set before jury gets case
The Kilpatricks and city contractor Bobby Ferguson are charged with conspiring to rake in cash through rigged contracts, bribes and other criminal acts. Prosecutors gave their closing argument Monday, describing Detroit city hall as a "private profit machine" with Kwame Kilpatrick at the wheel.
Nothing is planned for Wednesday because a juror needs the day off. Ferguson's attorney will give a closing argument Thursday, followed by final words from prosecutors and then deliberations.
11:35AM Thomas says he has about 20 more minutes.
This is the Kilpatrick Civic Fund money that went to Kwame. In 2003, 2006 and 2007, there are only 4 expenditures that are potential problems.
Talking about LaCosta, driving range and Spy Ops. Defendable one is Spy Ops that went to police department that is still in use.
Talked before about checks with agent Sauer about checks to Hilton Southlake Town Square, $1228 to Great Wolf Lodge, 3 checks for $1735 and $1574. These are for hotels when Kwame was incarcerated. Had Sauer add those up which showed that $13027.73 was paid pack in April 2009.
Kwame knew there were expenditures that should be reimbursed and he paid it back. He paid it back before tax return was due.
Talked about Kwame protecting his image and work that was done, ability to generate funds was diminished. Civic Fund money was significantly reduced.
I suggest that the Impact Strategies and educational Super Camp. I asked Sauer if there was an exception for the Kilpatrick name and he said no. I'll take his word on it.
Thomas neglecting that Sauer mentioned it wasn't appropriate for "figurehead."
Mahlon Clift came in with "magic" testimony. Magically came to Detroit and magically stayed at Athenaeum where there is no record of him staying except in June.
We saw the $90,000 stacked here pretty high. Clift said he traveled to Chicago, hid it in his vacuum cleaner then took $50,000 to Texas and then $40,000 to Detroit. This apparently at the behest of Bobby who could have taken it himself. We have Mahlon Clift's testimony which I suggest is incredible. We have a test at the Detroit airport. Special agent Joe Jensen, nice looking guy, testified it was his decision how to put the money on his body though Clift testified he had cargo pants and he put money in his pockets. He went through security through Detroit airport. I mentioned magnetic fibers but we had no testimony on it. Here is the long and short of it, Mahlon Clift didn't go through any airport checkpoint. How do I know that? First of all instead of putting money in pockets, he decides he will wrap it around his waist. If I see a guy with bulge, I'll pull him aside. He looked like he had a bomb strapped to him. You saw the video. Tell me what you saw.
Incredible for another reason. How many times have you heard TSA barking "Take everything out of your pockets". Are you going to walk into line with $90,000 of someone else's money?
First thing, they are going to say is clean out your pockets.
Two reasons why this thing doesn't hold. Other thing is, he has airplane ticket from Detroit to Chicago and then Texas but no evidence of airplane tickets.
Said he stayed at Athenaeum and there is no evidence of that. It seems to be when he was interviewed, he was being questioned and the questioning stopped. He got his mom on the phone. After he talks to her, he comes with magical story.


text:
Yep.Originally Posted by Barney Rubble
Yep.Originally Posted by Barney Rubble
- As featured in The Independent.
"Even when England lost 5-0 in 2006-07 I don't remember them folding like this. This is as bad as I have seen from an England side."
- Mick Vaughan on the 2013/14 tourists' efforts
Oops. Got distracted on Saturday (by what, I wonder?) and forgot about it. Gimme a minute and I'll think one up...Originally Posted by BoyBrumby
Right, here we are:
What oddity do the 1930, 1938 and 1950 World Cups have in common?
Is it to do with the number of teams competing?
Yes.Originally Posted by BoyBrumby
(Damn! Rubbish question. )
Did they all feature countries pulling out (30: Most of Europe (travel), 38: Austria (annexed), 50: India (not able to play barefoot)
30 is a bit sketchy.
Or something.
RIP Fardin Qayyumi (AKA "cricket player"; "Bob"), 1/11/1990 - 15/4/2006
They all feature odd numbers of teams?
30: 13
38: 15
50: 13
Yep. Correct.Originally Posted by Jamee999
What was Ronaldo the first man to do since 1930?
Weigh more than the rest of his team combined?Originally Posted by Jamee999
Damn it, I thought I'd have got everyone with that...
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text:
» Appliances
» Refrigerators
» Combo Refrigerator Microwaves
» Avanti 3.1 Cu. Ft. Refrigerator and Microwave Combo
MICREFSS - Avanti 3.1 Cu. Ft. Refrigerator and Microwave Combo - Stainless Steel
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Avanti 3.1 Cu. Ft. Refrigerator and Microwave Combo - Stainless Steel
For added usefulness, add the Avanti Amperage Overload Protector on your order. This part (model AC3INN, sold separately) keeps the Amperage of the combination microwave refrigerator under 10 Amps at all times, allowing the combo to be run on a 10 Amp circuit (Many dorm rooms and older buildings have 10 Amp circuits). It also allows the MICREFSS to be run on only one plug. An included bracket gives you the opportunity to fasten the two units together, enhancing stability.
The MICREFSS ships with an Avanti 3.1 cu ft Stainless Steel refrigerator (RA3103SST) and an Avanti .7 cu ft Stainless Steel Electronic Control Microwave (MO7103SST)
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Keep your steering running smooth with the right headset. Providing the hidden magic which makes sure your bars and forks turn slickly, we have models in the two major styles; threadless, and the newer integrated headset varieties. Threadless – also known as 'Ahead' style – are a spin on the traditional headset, with the stem bolting directly onto the fork's steerer. Meanwhile, the new integrated styles are even more minimalist, allowing the bearings to sit directly against the frame.
Ref | Option | Availability |
EV158366-NA-BLK | Black | In Stock |
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EV158366-NA-RED | red | Currently unavailable |
Ref | Option | Availability |
EV175972-NA-BLK | Black | In Stock |
EV175972-NA-PUR | Purple | In Stock |
EV175972-NA-WHT | White | In Stock |


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Find exciting bike tours in Alaska for your vacation. Hit the pedal to the metal and experience the excitement of our bicycle tours. Our bicycle trips can be guided for beginner riders or self-guided for experienced bikers. Bike trips are a fun physical activity that can be enjoyed by anyone. Go off-road and take your wheels into the woods on our mountain biking tours in Alaska. Enjoy speeding down trails and ripping through the forest on our mountain biking trips. Browse our bike tours in Alaska and plan your vacation today!
Page:1 of 1 | Sort By: |
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Sailing & Yacht Charters Sitka, Alaska - Alaska Yacht Charters has two 90 foot motor yachts and has been offering yacht charters in Alaska for 20 years. We are quite simply the best crewed yacht charter in Alaska.


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December 05, 2013
12:00 PM - 01:00 PM Sibley Hospital, Main Bldg, Level G, Private Dining Room 3Washington, DC, 20016 The Laugh Café is a participatory group where you will bring your favorite jokes, humorous stories, riddles or personal tales and provoke others (and yourself) to laughter.
December 08, 2013
02:00 PM - 03:30 PM Sibley Hospital, Medical Building, Conference Room 2Washington, DC, For those with vision loss due to eye disorders affecting central vision and other eye concerns.
December 10, 2013
02:00 PM - 03:30 PM Breast Center Conference Room, Renaissance BuildingWashington, DC, 20016 Sibley Memorial Hospital offers a monthly Gynecologic Oncology support group designed for any GYN/Onc cancer survivor. The group provides a place where patients can meet others going through similar experiences and gain support and friendship.
December 18, 2013
01:00 PM - 03:00 PM Metropolitan Memorial United Methodist Church, Great HallWashington, DC, 20016 Social Group for persons (and care partners of same) with Mild Cognitive Impairment and early stage dementia of any type.
December 31, 2013
11:00 AM - 12:00 PM Sibley Washington, DC, 20016 A Wellness Program For Those Over Fifty. If you are 50years or older, Sibley Memorial Hospital invites you to become a member of an association that will help you maintain your good health.


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Teen Book Club
A book club for teens.
When |
Apr 30, 2008
from 07:00 PM to 08:00 PM |
Where | Hoffman Community Room |
Contact Name | Kimshiro Benton |
Contact Phone | 563-875-8912 |
Attendees |
Teens grades 9-12 |
Add event to calendar |
vCal iCal |
This monthly book discussion group is open to all high school students. The participants select the books to be discussed. This month's book is "A Child Called It" by Dave Pelzer. Books are available at the James Kennedy Library.


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Find your way to the best BMW service center in Semmes, Alabama with AutoMD.
Want to make full use of your vehicle's warranty? Then you should know the location of the nearest BMW service center in Semmes, Alabama. Luckily, AutoMD has all the info you need about the different auto shops in your state. We can help you locate BMW auto repair shops in no time. All you have to do is provide us with your vehicle's make and your location, and we'll generate a list of auto mechanic centers within your city.
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