text:
Garden strawberry Fragaria × ananassa |
Garden strawberries, grown in California | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
(unranked): | Angiosperms |
(unranked): | Eudicots |
(unranked): | Rosids |
Order: | Rosales |
Family: | Rosaceae |
Subfamily: | Rosoideae |
Genus: | Fragaria |
Species: | F. × ananassa |
Binomial name | |
Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne |
The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry /ˈstrɔːb(ə)ri/; Fragaria × ananassa) is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus Fragaria (collectively known as the strawberries). It is cultivated worldwide for its fruit. The fruit (which is not a botanical berry, but an aggregate accessory fruit) is widely appreciated for its characteristic aroma, bright red color, juicy texture, and sweetness. It is consumed in large quantities, either fresh or in such prepared foods as preserves, fruit juice, pies, ice creams, milkshakes, and chocolates. Artificial strawberry aroma is also widely used in many industrial food products.
The garden strawberry was first bred in Brittany, France, in the 1750s via a cross of Fragaria virginiana from eastern North America and Fragaria chiloensis, which was brought from Chile by Amédée-François Frézier in 1714.[1] Cultivars of Fragaria × ananassa have replaced, in commercial production, the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), which was the first strawberry species cultivated in the early 17th century.[2]
Technically, the strawberry is an aggregate accessory fruit, meaning that the fleshy part is derived not from the plant's ovaries but from the receptacle that holds the ovaries.[3] Each apparent "seed" (achene) on the outside of the fruit is actually one of the ovaries of the flower, with a seed inside it.[3]
This section requires expansion. (November 2011) |
The first garden strawberry was grown in France during the late 18th century.[2] Prior to this, wild strawberries and cultivated selections from wild strawberry species were the common source of the fruit.
The strawberry fruit was mentioned in ancient Roman literature in reference to its medicinal use. The French began taking the strawberry from the forest to their gardens for harvest in the 1300s. Charles V, France's king from 1364 to 1380, had 1,200 strawberry plants in his royal garden. In the early 1400s western European monks were using the wild strawberry in their illuminated manuscripts. The strawberry is found in Italian, Flemish, German art, and English miniatures.[citation needed] The entire strawberry plant was used to treat depressive illnesses.
By the 1500s references of cultivation of the strawberry became more common. People began using it for its supposed medicinal properties and botanists began naming the different species. In England the demand for regular strawberry farming had increased by the mid-1500s. Instructions for growing and harvesting strawberries showed up in writing in 1578. By the end of the 1500s three European species had been cited; F. vesca, F. moschata, and F. viridis. The garden strawberry was transplanted from the forests and then the plants would be propagated asexually by cutting off the runners.
Two subspecies of F. vesca were identified; F. sylvestris alba and F. sylvestris semperflorens. The introduction of F. virginiana from Eastern North America to Europe in the 1600s is an important part of history because this species gave rise to the modern strawberry. The new species gradually spread through the continent and did not become completely appreciated until the end of the 18th century. When a French excursion journeyed to Chile in 1712, it introduced the strawberry plant with female flowers that resulted in the common strawberry that we have today.
The Mapuche and Huilliche Indians of Chile cultivated the female strawberry species until 1551 when the Spanish came to conquer the land. In 1765, a European explorer recorded the cultivation of F. chiloensis, the Chilean strawberry. At first introduction to Europe, the plants grew vigorously but produced no fruit. It was discovered in 1766 that the female plants could only be pollinated by plants that produced large fruit; F. moschata, F. virginiana, and F. ananassa. This is when the Europeans became aware that plants had the ability to produce male-only or female-only flowers. As more large-fruit producing plants were cultivated the Chilean strawberry slowly decreased in population in Europe, except for around Brest where the Chilean strawberry thrived. The decline of the Chilean strawberry was caused by F. ananassa.[4]
Strawberry cultivars vary widely in size, color, flavor, shape, degree of fertility, season of ripening, liability to disease and constitution of plant.[5] Some vary in foliage, and some vary materially in the relative development of their sexual organs. In most cases, the flowers appear hermaphroditic in structure, but function as either male or female.[6] For purposes of commercial production, plants are propagated from runners and, in general, distributed as either bare root plants or plugs. Cultivation follows one of two general models—annual plasticulture,[7] or a perennial system of matted rows or mounds.[8] A small amount of strawberries are produced in greenhouses during the off season.[9]
The bulk of modern commercial production uses the plasticulture system. In this method, raised beds are formed each year, fumigated, and covered with plastic to prevent weed growth and erosion. Plants, usually obtained from northern nurseries, are planted through holes punched in this covering, and irrigation tubing is run underneath. Runners are removed from the plants as they appear, in order to encourage the plants to put most of their energy into fruit development. At the end of the harvest season, the plastic is removed and the plants are plowed into the ground.[7][10] Because strawberry plants more than a year or two old begin to decline in productivity and fruit quality, this system of replacing the plants each year allows for improved yields and denser plantings.[7][10] However, because it requires a longer growing season to allow for establishment of the plants each year, and because of the increased costs in terms of forming and covering the mounds and purchasing plants each year, it is not always practical in all areas.[10]
The other major method, which uses the same plants from year to year growing in rows or on mounds, is most common in colder climates.[7][8] It has lower investment costs, and lower overall maintenance requirements.[8] Yields are typically lower than in plasticulture.[8]
A third method uses a compost sock. Plants grown in compost socks have been shown to produce significantly higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), flavonoids, anthocyanins, fructose, glucose, sucrose, malic acid, and citric acid than fruit produced in the black plastic mulch or matted row systems.[11] Similar results in an earlier 2003 study conducted by the US Dept of Agriculture, at the Agricultural Research Service, in Beltsville Maryland, confirms how compost plays a role in the bioactive qualities of two strawberry cultivars.[12]
Strawberries are often grouped according to their flowering habit.[5][13] Traditionally, this has consisted of a division between "June-bearing" strawberries, which bear their fruit in the early summer and "ever-bearing" strawberries, which often bear several crops of fruit throughout the season.[13] Research published in 2001 showed that strawberries actually occur in three basic flowering habits: short-day, long-day, and day-neutral. These refer to the day-length sensitivity of the plant and the type of photoperiod that induces flower formation. Day-neutral cultivars produce flowers regardless of the photoperiod.[14]
Strawberries may also be propagated by seed, though this is primarily a hobby activity, and is not widely practiced commercially. A few seed-propagated cultivars have been developed for home use, and research into growing from seed commercially is ongoing.[15] Seeds (achenes) are acquired either via commercial seed suppliers, or by collecting and saving them from the fruit.
Strawberries can also be grown indoors in strawberry pots.
Kashubian strawberry (truskawka kaszubska or kaszëbskô malëna)[16] are the first Polish fruit to be given commercial protection under EU law. They are produced in Kartuzy, Kościerzyna and Bytów counties and in the municipalities of Przywidz, Wejherowo, Luzino, Szemud, Linia, Łęczyce and Cewice in Kashubia. Only the following varieties may be sold as kaszëbskô malëna: Senga Sengana, Elsanta, Honeoye that have been graded as Extra or Class I.
Manuring and harvesting[edit]
Most strawberry plants are now fed with artificial fertilizers, both before and after harvesting, and often before planting in plasticulture.[17]
To maintain top quality, berries are harvested at least every other day. The berries are picked with the caps still attached and with at least half an inch of stem left. Strawberries need to remain on the plant to fully ripen because they do not continue to ripen after being picked. Rotted and overripe berries are removed to minimize insect and disease problems. The berries do not get washed until just before consumption. They are covered in a shallow pan and refrigerated when storing.[18]
Soil test information and plant analysis results are used to determine fertility practices. Nitrogen fertilizer is needed at the beginning of every planting year. There are normally adequate levels of phosphorus and potash when fields have been fertilized for top yields. In order to provide more organic matter a cover crop of wheat or rye is planted in the winter the year before planting the strawberries. Strawberries prefer a pH from 5.5 to 6.5 so lime is usually not applied.[19]
The harvesting and cleaning process has not changed substantially over time. The delicate strawberries are still harvested by hand.[20] Grading and packing often occurs in the field, rather than in a processing facility.[20] In large operations, strawberries are cleaned by means of water streams and shaking conveyor belts.[21]
Around 200 species of pests are known to attack strawberries both directly and indirectly.[22] These pests include slugs, moths, fruit flies, chafers, strawberry root weevils, strawberry thrips, strawberry sap beetles, strawberry crown moth, mites, aphids, and others.[22][23]
The caterpillars of a number of species of Lepidoptera feed on strawberry plants.
Strawberry plants can fall victim to a number of diseases.[24] The leaves may be infected by powdery mildew, leaf spot (caused by the fungus Sphaerella fragariae), leaf blight (caused by the fungus Phomopsis obscurans), and by a variety of slime molds.[24] The crown and roots may fall victim to red stele, verticillium wilt, black root rot, and nematodes.[24] The fruits are subject to damage from gray mold, rhizopus rot, and leather rot.[24] To prevent root-rotting, strawberries should be planted every four to five years in a new bed, at a different site.[25]
The plants can also develop disease from temperature extremes during winter.[24] When watering strawberries, advice has been given to water only the roots and not the leaves, as moisture on the leaves encourages growth of fungus.[26]
Production trends[edit]
Rank | Country | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 |
2 | Turkey | 211,127 | 250,316 | 261,078 | 291,996 | 299,940 | 302,416 |
3 | Spain | 330,485 | 269,139 | 281,240 | 266,772 | 275,355 | 262,730 |
4 | Egypt | 128,349 | 174,414 | 200,254 | 242,776 | 238,432 | 240,284 |
5 | Mexico | 191,843 | 176,396 | 207,485 | 233,041 | 226,657 | 228,900 |
6 | Russia | 227,000 | 230,400 | 180,000 | 185,000 | 165,000 | 184,000 |
7 | Japan | 190,700 | 191,400 | 190,700 | 184,700 | 177,500 | 177,300 |
8 | South Korea | 205,307 | 203,227 | 192,296 | 203,772 | 231,803 | 171,519 |
9 | Poland | 193,666 | 174,578 | 200,723 | 198,907 | 153,410 | 166,159 |
10 | Germany | 173,230 | 158,658 | 150,854 | 158,563 | 156,911 | 154,418 |
11 | Italy | 143,315 | 160,558 | 155,583 | 163,044 | 153,875 | 150,000 |
Total world | 3,973,243 | 4,001,721 | 4,136,802 | 4,596,614 | 4,366,889 | 4,594,539 |
Domestic cultivation[edit]
Strawberries are popular and rewarding plants to grow in the domestic environment, be it for consumption or exhibition purposes, almost anywhere in the world. The best time to plant is in late summer or spring. Plant in full sun or dappled shade, and in somewhat sandy soil. The addition of manure and a balanced fertilizer aids strong growth. Alternatively they can be planted in pots or special planters using compost. Fibre mats placed under each plant will protect fruits from touching the ground, and will act as a weed barrier.
Strawberries are tough and will survive many conditions, but during fruit formation, moisture is vital, especially if growing in containers. Moreover, protection must be provided against slugs and snails which attack the ripe fruit. The fruit matures in midsummer and should be picked when fully ripe — that is, the fruit is a uniform bright red colour. The selection of different varietes can extend the season in both directions.[28] Numerous cultivars have been selected for consumption and for exhibition purposes. The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-
Propagation is by runners, which can be pegged down to encourage them to take root,[35] or cut off and placed in a new location. Established plants should be replaced every three years, or sooner if there are signs of disease.
When propagating strawberries, one should avoid using the same soil or containers that were previously used for strawberry cultivation. After cultivating strawberries, rotating to another culture is advisable, because diseases that attack one species might not attack another.[36]
In addition to being consumed fresh, strawberries can be frozen, made into preserves, as well as dried and used in prepared foods, such as cereal bars.[37] Strawberries and strawberry flavorings are a popular addition to dairy products, such as strawberry-flavored milk, strawberry ice cream, strawberry milkshakes, strawberry smoothies and strawberry yogurts. Strawberries and cream is a popular dessert, famously consumed at Wimbledon. In Sweden, strawberries are a traditional dessert served at Midsummer Eve, 23 June.[38] Depending on area, strawberry pie, strawberry rhubarb pie, or strawberry shortcake are also popular. In Greece, strawberries are usually sprinkled with sugar and then dipped in Metaxa, a famous brandy, and served as a dessert. In Italy, strawberries have been used for other desserts, especially for making strawberry tiramisu, a special form of the original tiramisu and as a popular flavoring for gelato (gelato alla fragola).
Strawberry juice is a fruit juice made from strawberries. Strawberry juice or concentrate is added to cocktails, such as Minute Maid Strawberry Passion and CoolBest Strawberry Hill.[citation needed]
Strawberry pigment extract can be used as a natural acid/base indicator due to the different color of the conjugate acid and conjugate base of the pigment.[39]
Strawberries contain fisetin, an antioxidant that has been studied in relation to Alzheimer's disease and to kidney failure resulting from diabetes.[40] Strawberries are the fruit that contains the highest amount of this antioxidant.[41] Fisetin lessens the complications of diabetes.[41] Strawberries can also help with heart disease and strokes.[42] Strawberries have a dark skin that has many antioxidants that help with heart disease.[42]
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
Energy | 136 kJ (33 kcal) |
Carbohydrates | 7.68 g |
- Sugars | 4.89 g |
- Dietary fiber | 2 g |
Fat | 0.3 g |
Protein | 0.67 g |
Thiamine (vit. B1) | 0.024 mg (2%) |
Riboflavin (vit. B2) | 0.022 mg (2%) |
Niacin (vit. B3) | 0.386 mg (3%) |
Pantothenic acid (B5) | 0.125 mg (3%) |
Vitamin B6 | 0.047 mg (4%) |
Folate (vit. B9) | 24 μg (6%) |
Choline | 5.7 mg (1%) |
Vitamin C | 58.8 mg (71%) |
Vitamin E | 0.29 mg (2%) |
Vitamin K | 2.2 μg (2%) |
Calcium | 16 mg (2%) |
Iron | 0.41 mg (3%) |
Magnesium | 13 mg (4%) |
Manganese | 0.386 mg (18%) |
Phosphorus | 24 mg (3%) |
Potassium | 153 mg (3%) |
Sodium | 1 mg (0%) |
Zinc | 0.14 mg (1%) |
Fluoride | 4.4 µg |
Link to USDA Database entry Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
One cup (236 g) of strawberries contains approximately 45 kilo-calories (188 kJ) and is an excellent source of vitamin C and flavonoids.[43][44][45]
This fruit is very low in saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium. It is also a good source of folate and potassium, and a very good source of dietary fiber, and manganese[46] One serving of about eight strawberries provides more vitamin C than an orange. The strawberry is among the top 20 fruits in antioxidant capacity.[47]
Some people experience an anaphylactoid reaction to the consumption of strawberries.[48] The most common form of this reaction is oral allergy syndrome, but symptoms may also mimic hay fever or include dermatitis or hives, and, in severe cases, may cause breathing problems. Some research suggests that the allergen may be tied to a protein involved in the ripening of fruits, which was named Fra a1 (Fragaria allergen1). Homologous proteins are found in birch and apple, which suggests that people may develop cross-reactivity to all three species.
White-fruited strawberry cultivars, lacking Fra a1, may be an option for strawberry allergy sufferers. Since they lack a protein necessary for normal ripening, they do not produce the flavonoids that turn the mature berries of other cultivars red. They ripen but remain white, pale yellow or "golden", appearing like immature berries; this also has the advantage of making them less attractive to birds. A virtually allergen-free cultivar named 'Sofar' is available.[49][50]
Garden strawberries contain the dimeric ellagitannin agrimoniin which is an isomer of sanguiin H-6.[51][52]
Chemicals present in the fragrance of strawberries include; methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl propanoate, isopropyl acetate, ethyl propanoate, methyl butyrate, (E)-2-pentenal, butyric acid, methyl isovalerate, 3-hexanone (IS), ethyl butyrate, n-hexanal, butyl acetate, methyl pentanoate, 2-methyl butanoic acid, isopropyl butanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, (E)-hexanal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol, isoamyl acetate, 2-methylbutyl acetate, 2-heptanone, propyl butyrate, ethyl pentanoate, 2-heptanol, amyl acetate, (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal, methyl hexanoate, hexanoic acid, benzaldehyde, butyl butyrate, ethyl hexanoate, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, hexyl acetate, (E)-2-hexenyl acetate, isopropyl hexanoate, ethyl-2-hexenoate, d-limonene, amyl butyrate, furaneol, heptanoic acid, mesifurane, propyl hexanoate, linalool, nonanal, methyl octanoate, octanoic acid, ocimenol, benzyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, butyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, octyl acetate, alpha-terpineol, isoamyl hexanoate, nonanoic acid, octyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, decyl acetate, octyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, decyl acetate, octyl isovalerate, beta-farnesene, gamma-decalactone, alpha-farnesene, (E)-nerolidol, octyl hexanoate, decyl butyrate, gamma-dodecalactone.[53]
See also[edit]
- California Strawberry Commission
- Fraise Tagada (strawberry-shaped candy popular in France)
- List of strawberry cultivars
- Musk Strawberry (hautbois strawberry)
- Plant City, Florida (winter strawberry capital of the world)
- ^ "Strawberry, The Maiden With Runners". Botgard.ucla.edu. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ a b "Strawberries by Martin Welsh, history, variety and cultivation of strawberries". Nvsuk.org.uk. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ a b Esau, K. 1977. Anatomy of seed plants. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
- ^ Darrow, George M. "The Strawberry: History, Breeding and Physiology".
- ^ a b "G6135 Home Fruit Production: Strawberry Cultivars and Their Culture | University of Missouri Extension". Extension.missouri.edu. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ Strawberry Growing, Stevenson Whitcomb Fletcher, The Macmillan Co., New York, 1917. Google Books
- ^ a b c d "Strawberry Plasticulture Offers Sweet Rewards". Ag.ohio-state.edu. 2002-06-28. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ a b c d "Strawberry Production Basics: Matted Row". Retrieved 2013-10-03.
- ^ "Pritts Greenhouse Berried Treasures". Hort.cornell.edu. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ a b c "Strawberry Fields Forever". Noble.org. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ Wang SW., Millner P. (November 2009). "Effect of Different Cultural Systems on Antioxidant Capacity, Phenolic Content, and Fruit Quality of Strawberries (Fragaria × aranassa Duch.)". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (ACS Publications) 57 (20): 9651–9657. doi:10.1021/jf9020575.
- ^ Wang SY, Lin HS (November 2003). "Compost as a soil supplement increases the level of antioxidant compounds and oxygen radical absorbance capacity in strawberries". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51 (23): 6844–50. doi:10.1021/jf030196x. PMID 14582984.
- ^ a b "Proper Cultivation Yields Strawberry Fields Forever". Larrysagers.com. 1992-04-15. Retrieved 2009-12-05.[dead link]
- ^ S. C. Hokanson, J. L. Maas, 2001. Strawberry biotechnology, ''Plant Breeding Reviews'' 21:139–179. Books.google.ca. Retrieved 2013-03-09.
- ^ "Journal Article". SpringerLink. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ "Official Journal of the European Union". Retrieved 2013-10-03.
- ^ "HS1116/HS370: Nitrogen Fertilization of Strawberry Cultivars: Is Preplant Starter Fertilizer Needed?". Edis.ifas.ufl.edu. 2007-08-06. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ Bordelon, Bruce. "Growing Strawberries". Purdue University.
- ^ "Production Guide for Commercial Strawberries". Iowa State University.
- ^ a b "Commercial Postharvest Handling of Strawberries (Fragaria spp.)". Extension.umn.edu. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ "Conveyors improve the fruits of processor's labors.(Frexport S.A. de C.V.)". AccessMyLibrary. 2000-01-01. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ a b "Insect Pests of Strawberries and Their Management". Virginiafruit.ento.vt.edu. 2000-05-03. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ "Radcliffe's IPM World Textbook | CFANS | University of Minnesota". Ipmworld.umn.edu. 2009-11-20. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ a b c d e "Strawberry Diseases". Extension.umn.edu. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ Pleasant, Barbara (2011). "All About Growing Strawberries". Mother Earth News (248): 23–25.
- ^ Davis, Julie Bawden (2009). "Strawberry Success". Organic Gardening 56 (5): 52–56.
- ^ "Faostat". Faostat.fao.org. 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2013-03-09.
- ^ Klein, Carol (2009). Grow your own fruit. UK: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845334345.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector Fragaria × ananassa 'Cambridge Favourite' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-11-17.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector Fragaria × ananassa 'Hapil' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-11-17.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector Fragaria × ananassa 'Honeoye' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-11-17.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector Fragaria × ananassa 'Pegasus' PBR (F) AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-11-17.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector Fragaria × ananassa 'Rhapsody' (F) AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-11-17.
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector Fragaria × ananassa 'Symphony' PBR (F) AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-06-06.
- ^ "Propagating Strawberry runners". Retrieved 2012-11-17.
- ^ Takeguma, Massahiro. "Growing Strawberries". Retrieved 28 April 2013.
- ^ Ree Drummond (2011). "Strawberry Oatmeal Bars". Food Network. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
- ^ Name * (2013-07-30). "The Definitive Guide to Strawberry Picking in Scandinavia". Workinfinland.com. Retrieved 2013-10-03.
- ^ Alameda.peralta.edu[dead link]
- ^ Pamela Maher and David Schubert, et al. Fisetin Lowers Methylglyoxal Dependent Protein Glycation and Limits the Complications of Diabetes; PLoS One 1; June 2011, 6, 6, -e 21226. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0021226
- ^ a b "Flavonoids could represent two-fisted assault on diabetic complications and nervous system disorders: Salk Scientists Say: It's not an Apple a day after all - it's Strawberries!".
- ^ a b "Adopt a Brain-Healthy Diet". Alzheimer's Association.
- ^ "Nutrition Facts and Analysis for Strawberries, raw". Nutritiondata.com. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ BonkeurInternet. "Strawberry Nutrition Facts. Health, Food, Diet". Thefruitpages.com. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ "Strawberry Nutrition". Sweetdarling.com. 1997-07-14. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ (cite web |url=http://nutritiondata.self.com/facts/fruits-and-fruit-juices/2064/2
- ^ (cite web |url=http://www.webmd.com/diet/features/nutritional-benefits-of-the-strawberry
- ^ Robinson, Kerry. "Food Safety, Healthy Eating and Nutrition Information". IFIC. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
- ^ Hjernø K, Alm R, Canbäck B, et al. (March 2006). "Down-regulation of the strawberry Bet v 1-homologous allergen in concert with the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in colorless strawberry mutant". Proteomics 6 (5): 1574–87. doi:10.1002/pmic.200500469. PMID 16447153.
- ^ Idea TV GmbH (2005-06-21). "The chemistry of strawberry allergy (includes 'Sofar' reference)". Innovations-report.com. Retrieved 2013-03-09.
- ^ Clarifying the Identity of the Main Ellagitannin in the Fruit of the Strawberry, Fragaria vesca and Fragaria ananassa Duch. Urska Vrhovsek, Graziano Guella, Mattia Gasperotti, Elisa Pojer, Mirella Zancato and Fulvio Mattivi, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2012, 60 (10), pages 2507–2516, doi:10.1021/jf2052256
- ^ Identification of phenolic compounds in strawberries by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. Navindra P. Seeram, Rupo Lee, H. Samuel Scheuller, David Heber, Food Chemistry, Volume 97, Issue 1, July 2006, Pages 1–11, doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.02.047
- ^ Jouquand, Celine; Chandler, Plotto, Goodner (2008). "A Sensory and Chemical Analysis of Fresh Strawberries Over Harvest Dates and Seasons Reveals Factors that Affect Eating Quality". Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 133 (6): 859–867.
Further reading[edit]
- Khanizadeh, S. and J. DeEll. 2005. "Our Strawberries/ Les Fraisiers de Chez Nous ", A Description of Over 170 Strawberry Cultivars along with Regional Evaluation and Details Information Used for Plant Breeder's Right Office. PWGSC, Publishing and Depository Services, Ottawa, Ont. 551p. ISBN 0-660-62338-2.
- Hancock, J.F. (1999). Strawberries (Crop Production Science in Horticulture). CABI. ISBN 978-0-85199-339-3
External links[edit]
Look up strawberry in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- F. ananassa data from GRIN Taxonomy Database
- Strawberries (Fact Sheet) (Berry Health Benefits Network)
- George Thurber (1879). "Strawberry". The American Cyclopædia.
- "Strawberry". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911


text:
If your account has been compromised—or hacked—it means that someone stole your password and might be using your account to access your personal information or send junk email. To recover your account and prevent it from being hacked again, follow these steps.
Most hackers get your password through malware (malicious software) that's been installed on your PC without your knowledge (for example, when you download a new screen saver or toolbar). It's important to clear your PC of viruses or malware before you change your password. That way, the hackers won't get your new password.
After you install an antivirus program, set up the program to get updates and scan your PC on a regular basis. If you're running Windows, you can download and install Microsoft Security Essentials for free.
After you install an antivirus program, try to sign in to your account.
If you can still sign in to your account, you should change your password right away.
If you can't change your password, try to reset your password.
You can take the following actions to keep your account safer and make it easier to recover if it's ever compromised again.
Make it at least eight characters long.
Don't use your user name, real name, or company name.
Don't use complete words.
Make it significantly different from previous passwords and don't use the same password for all of your accounts.
Include a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols (such as !, #, *).
Most operating systems have free software updates to enhance security and performance. Because updates help keep your PC safer, we strongly recommend that you set up your PC to get these updates automatically.
You can easily set up your PC to get the latest updates automatically for Windows XP , Windows Vista , or Windows 7 .
We will never ask for your password in email, so never reply to email asking for any personal information (even if they claim to be from Outlook.com or Microsoft).
If you often use public computers or wireless connections that are not secure, consider changing your account to always use HTTPS. To start using HTTPS, change your settings. You can also request a single-use code to use when you need to sign in from a public computer. This is a good option if you use public computers now and then. Learn more about single-use codes .
Adding security info to your account can make it easier to recover your account if someone else takes control of it. Because this info is used for your safety, it's a good idea to add as much of it as you can. Learn more about why it's a good idea to add security info.
To add security info:
Go to Microsoft Account overview, and sign in with your Microsoft account email and password.
On your account page, under Account security, select the "Manage" link next to the Security info section.
On the Manage security info page, click Add New next to Mobile phone, Alternate email address, Trusted PC, or Security question, and then follow the instructions to add the security info to your account.
In some regions, you can't use your phone number for security info.
Click the Options icon , and then click More mail settings.
Under Managing your account, click Account details (password, addresses, time zone). You might be asked for your password.
Under Account security, next to Security Info, click Manage.
Under Security question, click Change.
Enter a new question and answer, and then click Save.
Since someone else had access to your account, we've cleared your account settings and removed any send-as addresses, email forwarding, auto-replies, and linked accounts. You'll need to take the following steps to reset these options.
Click the Options icon , and then click More mail settings. Under Managing your account, click the following to reset your options:
Sending/receiving mail from other accounts
Email forwarding
Sending automated vacation replies
Click Linked IDs, and then click Add linked ID.
Under Writing email, click Reply-to address.
As soon as we detected that you might be hacked, we started saving your deleted messages in a safe place. In Outlook.com, click the Deleted folder. At the bottom of the window, click recover deleted messages.
Outlook.com will recover as many messages as possible and put them in your Deleted folder. If you don't see the deleted messages that you wanted, it means they're permanently lost.
If some or all of your contacts have been deleted, you might be able to restore them. See Restore deleted contacts to your Microsoft account.
Email deleted from children's accounts can't be restored. This way, parents can be confident that when they delete messages from their children's accounts, they stay deleted.
Simple instructions for common tasks.Outlook.com basics
Need more help? Ask your question in the community forums
Have ideas for Outlook.com? Give us feedback
Can't get to Outlook.com? Check service status
Think someone hacked your account? Go to Account Password Recovery

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Stephen E. Goldfinger, M.D., is the faculty dean for Continuing Education and a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. He is a graduate of Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, and his clinical base is at the Massachusetts General Hospital.
I'm afraid there is no easy answer to explain your recent problem.
Surely a viral illness can cause cramping and diarrhea, with both made worse by a meal heavy in fat. These symptoms can persist for a while even after the virus is out of your system. But I have no information about other symptoms, such as fever, nausea, and fatigue that would help in making this diagnosis.
Cramping and intermittent diarrhea are signs of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is often aggravated by stress. But it would be unusual for IBS to show up for the first time at this stage of your life. Plus, people with IBS don't usually have nighttime symptoms. In fact, one useful clue for doctors that it is IBS is that sufferers have peaceful sleep despite a day wracked by cramping and diarrhea.
The fact that your pain is made worse by a fatty meal brings makes me think of a gallbladder attack. Typically, these attacks happen after a dinner rich in fat. You'd likely feel intense pain in your upper abdomen. And the pain generally lasts for hours, and it sometimes spreads to the back and right shoulder. Also, diarrhea is not a symptom of a gallbladder attack. So your description makes this problem less likely.
Another possibility is microscopic colitis. This is a disorder that is being found much more often than in the past as a cause of diarrhea in women your age.
Your best bet is a visit to your doctor. A more complete history and a physical exam may give some clues. Your doctor may also order an abdominal ultrasound exam to look for gallstones, as well as other tests.


text:
Forrest in GA
Love the DID chains. Minimal stretch and ware. This one is non o-ring so make sure you keep 'er lubed!
Read All ReviewsJOE in WA
Good chain . costs , but you get a very long life out of it. Holds up well to my 450 .
Read All ReviewsPhilip in PA
This chain has been lasting me for over 6 months with no issues and i only had to tighten it within the first few hours of use. Despite this, the master link was a pain to put on, due to it being an o-ring chain. When you do eventually fit the chain together, it is a great chain.
Read All ReviewsSCOTT in NJ
good chain but it stretches alittle bit. lasted a season
Read All Reviewsroy in Wyoming
I run kx 500's have several of them. Been using these chains for years, there light, they do stretch a little. But I've never broken one. Even use them on my hillclimber bike with a 14 paddle dominator. Note I'm 135 pounds. Pretty tough chain considering there made for smaller cc's bike.
Read All Reviewsdon in OH
I've ran this chain on a '99 kx 250 for two seasons and it just doesn't stretch. ( actually very little). Saves a lot of time adjusting. Clears the cases and everything no problem.
Read All Reviews


text:
VMware Lowers Deal Registration Minimum To Spark SMB Deals
3:07 PM EST Wed. Nov. 21, 2012VMware, in a bid to lure more small- and medium-sized customers, recently lowered its deal registration threshold to allow more partners that target this space to tout the virtues of virtualization.
VMware's Advantage Plus deal registration program now has a minimum deal size of $6,000, down from the previous minimum of $10,000. Colleen Kapase, senior director of partner strategy at VMware, told CRN that VMware is specifically targeting organizations with between 250 and 500 employees.
"There is still a huge opportunity here in terms of the penetration of virtualization," Kapase said in an interview last week. "There are customers just dipping their toes in the water, and the deal registration changes are aimed at these types of organizations."
[Related: VMware Rolls Out Token-Based Purchasing System For Enterprises]
As VMware increases its focus on the SMB space, it is paying more attention to partner profitability, according to Kapase. VMware's vSphere Acceleration Kit, which starts at more than $17,000 for six processors and is aimed at customers with 10 servers, is a sign that VMware is serious about this space, Kapase told CRN.
VMware also raised the ceiling for Advantage Plus deals to $650,000, enabling partners in the Enterprise and Premier program tiers to reap additional rewards from larger customer engagements, Kapase said. Smaller partners with few technical resources don't get financial rewards in the program, but they do get the prestige of being the named partner in the deal.
"We think this does help profitability in deals with partners that have some technical training," she told CRN.
Last month, VMware also launched its Enterprise Purchasing Program, which lets customers buy tokens and redeem them for VMware product licenses and support and maintenance services over the course of a three-year contract. The EPP program's minimum deal size is $250,000.
Launched in 2007, VMware's Advantage Plus is currently used by between 60 and 70 percent of VMware's channel partner base, Kapase said.


text:
An April 19 ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit represented the latest test of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act in cases involving art and other property seized by foreign governments.
Font Size:
Heirs Sue to Recover Stolen Artworks
The National Law Journal
April 29, 2013
This content is now available at LexisNexis®.
The ALM® and LexisNexis® Content Alliance
LexisNexis® is now the exclusive third party online distributor of the broad collection of current and archived versions of ALM's legal news publications. LexisNexis® customers will be able to access and use ALM's content by subscribing to the LexisNexis® services via lexis.com® and Nexis®. This includes content from The National Law Journal®, The American Lawyer®, Law Technology News®, The New York Law Journal® and Corporate Counsel®, as well as ALM's other newspapers, directories, legal treatises, published and unpublished court opinions, and other sources of legal information.
ALM's content plays a significant role in your work and research, and now through this alliance LexisNexis® will bring you access to an even more comprehensive collection of legal content.
If you are not currently a LexisNexis subscriber, contact 1-800-227-4908 to find out more or click here to have a customer representative contact you directly.


text:
3 things to do before you send out your party invites
Chilly outside? 10 H-O-T dates for winter
A lesson in grief: Celebrating the life of a great person
Movie cuties we wanna have hot cocoa with
Clever ways to change up your room for less than $20
Infi-knit possibilities: 15 gloves, scarves and hats under $25
Cover up dark circles like they're not even there
4 moves to get ya buff for that bodycon dress
Are you ready for a boyfriend?
Heart or hate our Holiday Issue? Send us your thoughts!
Willow Shields on the set of GL's Dec/Jan '14 cover shoot
More Friends = More Fun
GL Tweets !
AN HOUR AGO Congrats on your @CMT New Artist of the Year award, @HunterHayes! You soo deserve it #FanGirling: http://t.co/YT58AV7utV
1 HOURS AGO Eat healthy this holiday-- trust us; it's easier than ya think: http://t.co/zHEDvsbjd0
2 HOURS AGO Dealing with death can be hard. Here's how to celebrate the life of your lost loved one: http://t.co/xkUsbLESBD
sponsored links
artsie fartsie girls
Club Music
Be a GL Buzz Babe!


text:
Independent Lens - The Atom Smashers
Can't Hold Me Back
Can't Hold Me Back follows Detroit teen Fernando Parraz as he overcomes a mountain of roadblocks to become the first in his family to earn a high school diploma ? his ticket out of the struggles of inner-city poverty and violence. He finds support from an unlikely figure: his father, a former...
Air date: 09/24/2013
Baby Mama High
It?s the last few weeks of high school for Yessenia, a soft-spoken senior with two small daughters and a boyfriend who?d rather she stay at home than go to school. Yessenia is forced to choose: stand up for herself and her daughters, or give in to expectation.
Air date: 09/24/2013


text:
Begging Bowl
- Mid-range
© Lol Johnson
Time Out rating:
Venue details
Begging Bowl 168 Bellenden Road
- Venue phone:
020 7635 2627
- Venue website:
- Opening hours:
Lunch served noon-2.30pm Tue-Sat; noon-3.30pm Sun. Dinner served 6-10pm Mon-Sat
- Transport:
Tube: Peckham Rye rail
- Price:
Main courses £6.25-£14.75. Meal for two with drinks and service: around £60
Begging Bowl
- 168 Bellenden Road
- www.thebeggingbowl.co.uk
- 51.466793,-0.073189
- 168 Bellenden Road
Begging Bowl
Reviews & ratings
I have been a long term resident of Thailand and am a frequent visitor and seeker out of authentic Thai food and so was very interested to seek out the hyped claims of the Begging Bowl as it is pretty local to my wife and I. Basically don't believe the hype - all of our dishes failed to hit the mark and the best I can say is that the ingredients were fresh and well presented and the staff are friendly and efficient in a cool space. The Thai fish cakes seemed liked canned tuna dressed up as deep fried barbequed chicken nuggets. Wet and rather pointless. The duck curry was too hot and lacked coconut milk and any sort of delicate flavours to have balance and was too effete in those that it had to be regarded as anywhere near 'street authentic'. The pork belly which replaced the menu pork belly option was like eating soggy cardboard - it's hard to make pork boring and tasteless but they did. By the time the last course came I wasn't expecting much and they didn't dissapoint - it was steamed sea bream with a jug of some sort of watery sauce. No flavours at all to speak of and so we asked for chilli sauce and got some sweet bottled variety to try and spice it up a bit. In the end we came away rather sad - because if this is a restaurant from an acolyte of David Thompson then he should dissociate himself forthwith. I have tasted a couple of dishes of his at London's Taste Festival and they were amongst the very best food of any cuisine that I have ever tasted. Here it was a confused, bland attempt at Thai food that missed the mark by miles. The place on Friday night was heaving and folk were having to queue for up to and over an hour so they were busy as they will ever be and most folk seemed to be enjoying themselves so what the heck. The staff were friendly and efficient and the place had a welcoming buzz but sadly if it's delicious food with Thai heritage you are after then try somewhere else because the Begging Bowl is definitely not it.
Ian Fri Sep 20Rated as: 2/5 -
Food was good but over priced. Service was utterly crap.
Rude and arrogant attitude for their own mistake.
Never again. Its not worth it.MS Wed Sep 11Rated as: 2/5 -
Unpleasant staff, disorganised service, both seating-wise and food delivery-wise. Dishes coming out when they are ready may be fine in concept, but in practice it's no use for my meal to come out and sit getting cold for 45 minutes before my friend's! Food is fine, certainly nothing special, and overpriced for the very small portions. Very disappointing I'm afraid.
anna Tue Sep 10Rated as: 1/5 -
good food, small portions and very overpriced. That is if you get a table. Staff have no idea how to seat a restaurant, are always empty tables yet not taking any walk-ins and there is an hour wait minimum ALWAYS.
amy Fri Aug 30Rated as: 2/5 -
I have been to many thai restuarnts in London and the Begging Bowl sits in a league of its own. Lacking in complexity of flavour? Couldn't be further from the truth, you can't go wrong with anything on the menu which changes every few months. Service is first class; freindly and efficient, and I am not very laid back at all! I have been several times now and each time has been fantastic. Highly recommend to anyone who has taste buds.
Adam Fri Aug 16Rated as: 5/5 -
The location is excellent but sadly I think BB are rather resting on their laurels otherwise. Service is - being generous - average, with moments of cockiness thrown in. I was excited to try this place but once we had been sat we were promptly forgotten. There seemed to be plenty of staff but all doing the same thing and waiting every table. Perhaps distinct areas per staff member might make more sense. As it is, there is a chaotic feeling, like it all might just come crashing down. And it just might. We were told to order 3 dishes each as it was a tapas-style approach to a Thai menu. They arrived and were almost main-sized, so we could easily have had just 2 each, and the flavours across the menu didn't complement one another at all. The prices are steep for a neighbourhood restaurant but I would happily pay more for quality, consistency and good service. I read below that 'they need to get over themselves a bit'. Here here. I'll be waiting for the next inhabitant of the same location who gets it right.
Lucy Thu Aug 15Rated as: 1/5 -
We have been meaning to try this place for a few weeks, after one unsuccessful attempt at getting a table we finally got one, but were wedged unceremoniously next to the bar. The bench seating (wagamama inspired) is only good if there is room to do it. Anyway, the waitress was helpful and knowledgable but the food was just not what I was hoping for, the rabbit was stringy and bland (as can be the case with rabbit - I probably would have rather have a less adventurous chicken purely because it wouldn't be disappointing). The crispy rice was supposed to be dipped in a sauce but presumably it should come in clumps and not individual grains - it's hard and rather tiresome dipping single grains into sauce! there were some lovely dishes, the fish cakes and beef cheek were great but nothing better than i'd tried before in London and Thailand. I can see the aim and the thought which has gone into the place but I probably wouldn't return, it did not live up to the hype.
Rachel Fri Dec 28 2012Rated as: 1/5 -
I felt like I was eating food from a top end restaurant, but it was relaxed and really friendly. Been back twice already. Make sure you start off with a cocktail we discovered those on our last visit. Lush love it.
Flyingcowboy Sun Dec 16 2012Rated as: 5/5 -
I'm local to this restaurant and I feel very lucky to have this gem of a place on my doorstep - really interesting, delicious fresh Thai treats, great friendly service and good buzz. I've been 4 times since it's opened, and keep rounding up more friends to join me. I'm very surprised to read any negative comments, as all of my experiences have been excellent.
A very happy local! Mon Dec 3 2012Rated as: 5/5 -
One of the best restaurants I have been to! The staff were extremely accommodating and always happy to help! The food was amazing and very reasonable in price.
Would definitely go back!Chris Fri Nov 2 2012Rated as: 5/5
- 1
- 2


text:
The great northwest of the U.S. is known for its natural beauty. It's also a high-tech region with a highly educated public – not exactly the kind of place one would expect to fall for the anti-science rhetoric of the anti-vaccine movement.
But it has. The anti-vaxxers have convinced a frighteningly high number of parents in Washington State to withhold vaccines from their children. A story in The Seattle Times last year reported that
"Washington [state] parents are choosing not to vaccinate their kindergartners at a rate higher than anywhere else in the country."
This despite the fact that the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (formed by the founder of Microsoft Microsoft, which is headquartered in Seattle) is one of the world's leading sponsors of vaccine research.
When the vaccination rates drop, everyone becomes more vulnerable to infectious diseases. When more than 90% of the population is vaccinated, we have "herd immunity" – this means the disease can't spread because there aren't enough susceptible people in the community. So the high rate of vaccine refusal in Washington makes it easier for whooping cough (and other diseases) to spread.
The media has been complicit in spreading some of the anti-vaccine misinformation. Sometimes it comes straight from the media itself, such as the CBS reporter Sharyl Attkisson, who has repeatedly and persistently reported on the purported link between vaccines and autism long after such a link was widely discredited.* Other times it comes from talk shows, magazines, or even airline advertisements that provide a platform for anti-vax celebrity doctors such as Jay Gordon (who gained fame as Jenny McCarthy's son's doctor) and "Dr. Bob" Sears, who has published his own "alternative" vaccine schedule in a book filled with anti-vaccine nonsense. These characters continue to claim, at every chance they get, that vaccines cause autism (as Gordon has said, repeatedly), or that they cause other harms, despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary. They use their medical degrees and their faux concern "for the children" to frighten parents into keeping their kids unvaccinated.
And now we learn that the U.S. is in the midst of the worst whooping cough epidemic in 70 years. One of the most hard-hit states is Washington, which the CDC just announced (on 20 July) has suffered 2,520 cases so far this year, a 1300% increase over last year. This is the highest number of cases reported in Washington since 1942. This plot of the number of cases this year compared to last year shows the dramatic rise in infections:
Making things worse, it seems, is an increase in cases among children aged 13-14. Children get a booster shot at age 11-12, but the new outbreak indicates that the effectiveness of the booster may not last very long. The dramatic increase in whooping cough this year also suggests that the bacterium that causes it, Bordetella pertussis, is mutating to make the vaccine less effective. Nevertheless, the CDC emphasizes:
"Vaccination continues to be the single most effective strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by pertussis. Vaccination of pregnant women and contacts of infants is recommended to protect infants too young to be vaccinated."
This good advice is seriously undermined when misinformed doctors such as "Dr. Bob" Sears directly advise pregnant women not to get the whooping cough vaccine, as he did in the Huffington Post. (Hint: it's a good rule to be very skeptical of celebrity doctors who go by their first name.)
I should also point out that whooping cough is a national problem, not just Washington State's. The U.S. has had over 17,000 cases this year, putting it on track for the worst year since 1959. The highest rate of infection in the nation is in Wisconsin (which has also been hit hard by anti-vaccine effects), followed by Washington and Montana. 10 deaths have been reported, mostly in infants who were too young to be vaccinated. For all this, we can thank the anti-vaccination movement.
*Note: Following a complaint from Sharyl Attkinson, this story has been updated to clarify my view of her vaccine-related reporting.
Steven you are incorrect the dtap vaccine is given to infants starting at three months of age.
No sir, it is mostly mountains of information misinterpreted by pseudo-intellectual like yourself, or degreed non-specialists looking to promote themselves despite the adverse effect they have on children's health.
Moreover, the articles you post are mostly those written for the layperson and poorly understood by you, as my previous post make abundantly clear (cherry picker!). In addition, the ones that are from university or peer-reviewed journals, you cherry pick what to post to the exclusion of caveats in the same postings, which undermine your narrative.
You have utterly no credibility whatsoever.
i happen to believe that some vacines cause more harm than good especiallyif you give them at too young an age.
that being said you cannot just not give your children some kind of protection.
make sure they get enough sleep / dress them appropreatly for the weather/ give them healthy food to eat / and do alot of research on natural medicine. this will build their imune ststem so they can fight off almost any illness.
Stephen it seems your comments are as misinformed as your article. Children are given DTaP at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12 months and then again at 4~6 years within the 0-6 year schedule.
When some children are injured by vaccines, and the statistics reported to VAERS only show a fraction of what is really out there, but alarming nevertheless, Herd immunity, is not favorable to a subset of people. Those who have eye witnessed vaccine injury in their children. Pharma greed has added so many vaccines to the mandated schedule. So many that were completely un-necessary. They sky rocket vaccine injury chances each vaccine addition to the schedule. More vaccines=more of a chance to be injured. >>>>So….What is happening? More and more kids being injured, or dying, and becoming aware that vaccines are not as "safe" as holy water, like "pharmaceutical science" likes to insist.
Steven Salzberg,
You stated that infants under the age of 1 are too young for vaccines. They give your baby their first dose of poison at birth! That first injection is for Hep B which is primarily contracted through sex and intravenous drug use!! When I asked why my baby needed this at all, the reply was, because parents won't bring their kids in to get it when it applies. We give it to them now, even though they don't need it, so we don't have to worry about it later! Such BS!! You seem to be ignoring the ENORMOUS weight of evidence showing how incredibly dangerous these vaccines can be!!! Common sense tells me that you CAN'T give a one size fits all shot to everyone (especially babies without an immune system) and expect no repercussions! The scientists/doctors/people who are raising concerns, doing their own research/studies, and bringing the truth to the table are, typically, not benefiting or profiting from their findings. I am very down to earth, practical, and have great common sense. I have studied this issue (both sides), diligently and open minded as they come, for years now. My conclusion: Vaccines will not harm all and may even help some but, when they do harm certain people, they can do some extreme damage!!
I have weighed my risks/benefits and I will not have my child vaccinated. I will take my chances with the natural course of life. We were created with an IMMUNE SYSTEM!! Why are we so into screwing up everything nature intended??
You stated that herd immunity is the best way to protect them. This is a load of BS!! The best way to protect the majority of people is to be healthy..build that immune system, play outdoors, exercise, eat a healthful diet, get rid of stress, sleep well, etc….
I couldn't agree more Pat. It's a matter of what we do and how we interpret the information out there. Sad that we even have to argue or force the point/truth (the other side). I don't believe everything I read/hear but I go with good old common sense and instinct to lead the way (:
Rita Marie,
VAERS is the wrong place to look for data on vaccine safety….of course the anti-vaccs never post the relevant data so it is no surprise you aren't familiar with it…
If you were to read the court cases–like the Cedillo case–you will see how eye witnesses are often wrong and how the anti-vaccs actively try to deceive parents into believing they witnessed adverse reactions.
But then you would start to understand why the courts have been so contemptuous of the anti-vaccs..
Jennifer Graden ,
Instead of just repeating all the anti-vacc claims, you could try fact-checking….
Fact is after decades of going out and testing US infants/young kids we can say with certainty that all of them are at risk of Hep B.
16,000 young US kids per year were being infected with Hep B each year….plus the perinatal infections…and the anti-vaccs are happy to forsake all these kid's health….
Or you could try reading the vaccine schedule:
It is not one-size fits all.
Or if you checked with actual immunologists they would point out the absurdity of statements like: " especially babies without an immune system".
Fact is that fetus have functional immune systems well before birth.
But then that is the exact point: the scientific/medical worlds reject the anti-vaccs because they get pretty much everything wrong.
"And you conveniently ignore the fact that infants under the age of 1 are too young for the vaccine, and these helpless children are the ones most harmed (and sometimes killed, tragically) by infection."
You are wrong again Steven. Us in the so called paranoid, misinformed anti-vaccine movement all know you are making this stuff up as you go along and it is painfully obvious. The CDC's own website says that children are to get the whopping cough vaccine starting at 2 months of age:
"Children should get 5 doses of DTaP, one dose at each of the following ages: 2, 4, 6, and 15-18 months and 4-6 years."


text:
Biz News for March 6, 2012
Honey Lake Hospice is having their annual tea from Noon to 2:30 p.m. Saturday, March 10 you can enjoy delectable edibles and visit with your friends. This event sells out early, so contact the Honey Lake Hospice office at 257-3137 for your tickets today.METAL DETECTORS NOW AVAILABLE
Tom Keen is an authorized dealer in Susanville for White's Metal Detectors. Serving all of Northeastern California, Tom can help you find just the right equipment for any job or hobby. Tom is an avid treasure hunter himself and would be happy to answer all of your questions. Call 260-3299 or go to email@example.com. See his ad in this week's newspaper.
If you've been craving some good, homemade comfort food, then head on over to the Courthouse Café on Riverside Drive, across from Walmart for a delicious breakfast or lunch. Owners Todd Anderson and Marianne Campbell are making fresh biscuits every morning for their homestyle biscuits and gravy.
"We've put together a breakfast and lunch menu of tasty comfort foods and some new dishes too," said Campbell.
If you haven't eaten at the Courthouse Café, stop and by and taste what's on the menu today.
Have you noticed the large banner on Main Street in Susanville that says, "Zaengles Floor & Home … Coming Soon?" See it for yourself at 2800 Main St. next to the bowling alley.
The Zaengles have recently returned from the Worldwide Furniture Market (in Las Vegas) so they can introduce "styles that welcome you home." They will be carrying a new look in furniture, accessories, floor covering and window coverings. They promise to keep us posted as to when the store will be opening.
This next Monday night, March 12 Big Daddy Weave will be performing at 7 p.m. at Susanville Assembly of God on Richmond Road. This event is sponsored by the Susanville Evangelical Ministers Fellowship. Tickets may be purchased at the door or in advance.
Melissa McCoy, owner of Every Bloomin' Thing is back from attending several different trade shows. It is already beginning to look like spring out there. She has lots of new spring colors in the gift shop. Be sure and check out the new purses, jewelry, scarves and more. If you are interested in taking some gardening classes, you can check out their page on Facebook for a class schedule. You will learn how to "grow your own" and much more.
Jim and Cindy Willis, of Jim Willis Construction, are leaping for joy. Their daughter Melissa gave birth on Leap Day, Feb. 29 to a healthy baby boy. Jaxon Blayne Nave weighed in at 5 pounds, 11 ounces and was 18-1/2 inches long. Congratulations to the entire family!
Spring is coming and now is the time to fix up your rooms and the folks at the St. Francis Trading Post in Uptown Susanville have a great selection of new and quality pre-owned furniture for every room of your home. Owner Pat Haflich tells us they have custom, made-in-America couches and loveseat sets available in your choice of fabrics, or you can select from the many sets on the showroom floor. If you haven't been into the Trading Post to see the new items arriving weekly, stop by today and tell them the paper sent you.
Chad Nethery, managing partner, and the staff at Susanville Ford and Auto Center have been working hard to help residents who have fallen on hard times find vehicle financing. If adversity has caused a dip in your credit rating, don't let that discourage you from purchasing a vehicle.
"There are still plenty of lenders willing to offer reasonable rates to help you get back on your feet again and rebuild your credit," said Nethery.
You can apply for credit in the convenience of your home at susanvilleautocenter.com.
- Grizzlies look back on football season
- BLM crews plan pile burning project north of Susanville
- Supervisors exercise option to end relationship with County Administrative Officer
- Postal Service offers packaging tips
- Prepare for winter driving conditions
- County's attorney responds to Stone's complaint
- Doyle man charged with murder
- Remember When for Dec. 10, 2013
- Newspapers are a vital instrument of free speech
- Biznews for Dec. 10, 2013


text:
Jonas Brothers Tickets
... |
Jul 19
Sat TBD |
Jonas Brothers |
Jonas Brothers Biography & News
Jonas Brothers Details
Jonas Brothers Discography
Top 10 Jonas Brothers Songs
Album Name | Release Year |
Music From the 3D Concert Experience | 2009 |
Lines, Vines and Trying Times | 2009 |
A Little Bit Longer | 2008 |
Jonas Brothers | 2007 |
It's About Time | 2006 |
Rank | Track Name | Play Count | Listener Count |
1 | Burnin' Up | 35,372 | 14,414 |
2 | When You Look Me In The Eyes | 28,771 | 10,068 |
4 | Lovebug | 24,156 | 9,171 |
5 | Year 3000 | 18,199 | 7,290 |
6 | Paranoid | 19,719 | 6,801 |
7 | Hold On | 18,866 | 6,695 |
8 | Fly With Me | 15,594 | 5,463 |
9 | Tonight | 12,710 | 4,963 |
10 | Hello Beautiful | 12,282 | 4,358 |
About Jonas Brothers
Jonas Brothers set to tackle new album (Updated December 26, 2012)
With striking good looks, designer duds and velvety smooth harmonies, the Jonas Brothers officially became the most popular teen group of the new millennium in very short order. Fueled by a music-filled childhood and later built on the back a Disney Channel television movie, the trio is four albums, one split and a reunion into livin' their dream.
Few are aware that the Jonas brothers' success hinged not on the tutelage of a musical family, nor on a quick rapport with screaming teen fans. Instead, the boys came together following Nick's early run as a Broadway performer. By the age of seven, he was sharing the stage with seasoned veterans and would appear in "A Christmas Carol," "Beauty and the Beast," "Annie Get Your Gun" and "Les Miserables." But when his brothers began writing songs for his debut album, they were signed as a group act instead.
Once known for contemporary Christian music like Nick's "Joy to the World (A Christmas Prayer)" and "Dear God", the group's full-length debut, "It's About Time," bowed in August 2006 to a very modest audience. However, the Jonas brothers were dropped by their label and would sign with the Disney-owned label Hollywood Records. They were off and running with an eponymous sophomore album, and appeared on various Disney Channel programs and movies.
Through coast-to-coast tours, two more albums, solo ventures and other projects, the Jonas Brothers announced a reunion via Twitter on March 6, 2012. Their first concert took place on October 11, 2012 at Radio City Music Hall, and was followed by a brief overseas tour through Russia, the Phillippines and Malaysia. An untitled fifth studio album will arrive in 2013.
About The Jonas Brothers
The Jonas Brothers (aka the Joe Bros) are a boy band with three brothers: Kevin, Joe, and Nick. They garnered acclaim from appearances on the Disney Channel. They are most known for their hit singles "Burning Up," "SOS," and "Lovebug." The band's studio album L"ines, Vines, and Trying Times" was released in the summer of 2009 and has been a tremendous success for the band. Jonas Brothers tickets sell quickly so check back often for the latest updates.
Jonas Brothers Ticket Prices
Past 12 Months
Next 10 Concerts
Past 10 Concerts
Jingle Bash with Pitbull, Jason Derulo, Armin Van Buuren Allstate Arena — Rosemont , IL
Kissmas Bash with Tegan and Sara, Jonas Brothers First Niagara Center — Buffalo , NY
Jonas Brothers Paramount Theatre — Seattle , WA
Jonas Brothers Myth — Saint Paul , MN
Jonas Brothers Riverside Theatre — Milwaukee , WI
Jonas Brothers The Palace Theatre — Greensburg , PA
Jonas Brothers Gibson Amphitheatre — Universal City , CA
Kidds Kids with Jonas Brothers, Jason Derulo, Andy Grammar and more House of Blues Dallas — Dallas , TX
Jonas Brothers with Karmin Viejas Arena — San Diego , CA
Jonas Brothers with Karmin America's Cup Pavilion — San Francisco , CA
Cheapest Jonas Brothers Shows of All Time
Mixtape Festival (Friday Pass) with OneRepublic, Train, The Script Hersheypark Stadium — Hershey , PA
Kissmas Bash with Tegan and Sara, Jonas Brothers First Niagara Center — Buffalo , NY
Jonas Brothers with Karmin Time Warner Cable Uptown Amphitheatre — Charlotte , NC
Jonas Brothers with Karmin Red Hat Amphitheater — Raleigh , NC
Jonas Brothers Pantages Theatre — Los Angeles , CA
Most Expensive Jonas Brothers Shows of All Time
Jonas Brothers with Bonnie McKee Paramount Theatre — Seattle , WA
Jonas Brothers Radio City Music Hall — New York , NY
Jingle Ball with Akon, Ne-Yo, OneRepublic Nokia Theatre LA Live — Los Angeles , CA
Jonas Brothers Woodlands Pavilion — The Woodlands , TX
Jonas Brothers with Bonnie McKee The Palace Theatre — Greensburg , PA
Jonas Brothers Ticket Prices Overview
Cheapest Jonas Brothers Tickets
Most Expensive Jonas Brothers Tickets
Past Tour Dates for Jonas Brothers
Jonas Brothers Tour Dates 2013
date city state venue 12/14/2013 Rosemont IL Allstate Arena 12/12/2013 Buffalo NY First Niagara Center 11/06/2013 Seattle WA Paramount Theatre 10/30/2013 Saint Paul MN Myth 10/28/2013 Milwaukee WI Riverside Theatre 10/26/2013 Greensburg PA The Palace Theatre 08/16/2013 Universal City CA Gibson Amphitheatre 08/15/2013 Dallas TX House of Blues Dallas 08/14/2013 San Diego CA Viejas Arena 08/13/2013 San Francisco CA America's Cup Pavilion 08/10/2013 Las Vegas NV Mandalay Bay Events Center 08/09/2013 Phoenix AZ Comerica Theatre 08/07/2013 The Woodlands TX Woodlands Pavilion 08/06/2013 Dallas TX Gexa Energy Pavilion 08/04/2013 Atlanta GA Chastain Park Amphitheatre 08/03/2013 Tampa FL MidFlorida Credit Union Amphitheatre at the Florida State Fairgrounds 08/02/2013 West Palm Beach FL Cruzan Amphitheatre 07/31/2013 Raleigh NC Red Hat Amphitheater 07/30/2013 Charlotte NC Time Warner Cable Uptown Amphitheatre 07/29/2013 Bristow VA Jiffy Lube Live 07/27/2013 Hershey PA Hersheypark Stadium 07/26/2013 Hershey PA Hersheypark Stadium 07/26/2013 Atlantic City NJ Borgata Casino Event Center 07/26/2013 Hershey PA Hersheypark Stadium 07/25/2013 Holmdel NJ PNC Bank Arts Center 07/23/2013 Uncasville CT Mohegan Sun Arena 07/22/2013 Boston MA Bank of America Pavilion 07/20/2013 Wantagh NY Nikon at Jones Beach Theater 07/19/2013 Darien Center NY Darien Lake Performing Arts Center 07/18/2013 Toronto ON Molson Canadian Amphitheatre 07/16/2013 Cuyahoga Falls OH Blossom Music Center 07/14/2013 Cincinnati OH Riverbend Music Center 07/13/2013 Clarkston MI DTE Energy Music Theatre 07/12/2013 Noblesville IN Klipsch Music Center 07/10/2013 Chicago IL FirstMerit Bank Pavilion at Northerly Island 03/21/2013 Guatemala City Paseo Cayala 03/19/2013 Montevideo Velodromo 03/15/2013 Porto Alegre RS Pepsi on Stage 03/14/2013 Porto Alegre RS Pepsi on Stage 03/13/2013 Rio de Janeiro Rio De Janeiro Citibank Hall 03/12/2013 Rio de Janeiro Rio De Janeiro Citibank Hall 03/10/2013 Sao Paulo SP Credicard Hall 03/08/2013 Belo Horizonte MG Chevrolet Hall 03/05/2013 Santa Cruz Estadio Ramon "Tahuichi" Aguilera 02/28/2013 Santiago RM Movistar Arena 02/21/2013 Monterrey Tab Auditorio Banamex Jonas Brothers Tour Dates 2012
date city state venue 12/01/2012 Los Angeles CA Nokia Theatre LA Live 11/29/2012 Los Angeles CA Pantages Theatre 11/28/2012 Los Angeles CA Pantages Theatre 11/27/2012 Los Angeles CA Pantages Theatre 11/08/2012 Moscow London Crocus City Hall 11/06/2012 Saint Petersburg Ice Palace 10/24/2012 Kuala Lumpur 16 Stadium Negara 10/22/2012 Singapore Singapore Fort Canning Park 10/11/2012 New York NY Radio City Music Hall Jonas Brothers Tour Dates 2011
date city state venue 03/20/2011 Universal City CA Gibson Amphitheatre Jonas Brothers Tour Dates 2010
date city state venue 10/12/2010 Orlando FL Amway Center 10/08/2010 Vail CO Gerald Ford Amphitheatre 09/26/2010 Phoenix AZ Ak-Chin Pavilion 09/25/2010 Chula Vista CA Sleep Train Amphitheatre 09/23/2010 Irvine CA Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre Irvine 09/21/2010 Fresno CA Save Mart Center 09/19/2010 Concord CA Sleep Train Pavilion 09/18/2010 Mountain View CA Shoreline Amphitheatre 09/17/2010 Wheatland CA Sleep Train Amphitheatre 09/15/2010 Vancouver BC General Motors Place 09/14/2010 Auburn WA White River Amphitheatre 09/11/2010 Englewood CO Comfort Dental Amphitheatre 09/09/2010 Omaha NE CenturyLink Center Omaha 09/08/2010 Saint Paul MN Xcel Energy Center 09/07/2010 Milwaukee WI Marcus Amphitheater 09/05/2010 Daytona Beach FL Ocean Center 09/04/2010 Montreal QC Bell Centre 09/03/2010 Toronto ON Molson Canadian Amphitheatre 09/02/2010 Toronto ON Molson Canadian Amphitheatre 09/01/2010 Clarkston MI DTE Energy Music Theatre 08/31/2010 Cleveland OH Quicken Loans Arena 08/29/2010 Virginia Beach VA Farm Bureau Live at Virginia Beach 08/28/2010 Atlantic City NJ Trump Taj Mahal 08/27/2010 Camden NJ Susquehanna Bank Center 08/26/2010 Mansfield MA Comcast Center 08/25/2010 Mansfield MA Comcast Center 08/22/2010 Wantagh NY Nikon at Jones Beach Theater 08/21/2010 Wantagh NY Nikon at Jones Beach Theater 08/17/2010 Holmdel NJ PNC Bank Arts Center 08/16/2010 Holmdel NJ PNC Bank Arts Center 08/14/2010 Hershey PA Hersheypark Stadium 08/13/2010 Hartford CT Comcast Theatre 08/12/2010 Bristow VA Jiffy Lube Live 08/11/2010 Burgettstown PA First Niagara Pavilion 08/10/2010 Cincinnati OH Riverbend Music Center 08/08/2010 Noblesville IN Klipsch Music Center 08/07/2010 Tinley Park IL First Midwest Bank Amphitheatre 08/06/2010 Maryland Heights MO Verizon Wireless Amphitheater St. Louis 08/03/2010 Wichita KS Intrust Bank Arena 08/02/2010 Tulsa OK BOK Center 07/31/2010 The Woodlands TX Woodlands Pavilion 07/29/2010 San Antonio TX AT&T Center 07/27/2010 Dallas TX Gexa Energy Pavilion Jonas Brothers Tour Dates 2009
date city state venue 10/10/2009 Uncasville CT Mohegan Sun Arena 10/09/2009 Uncasville CT Mohegan Sun Arena 08/31/2009 Kanata ON Scotiabank Place 08/30/2009 Toronto ON Rogers Centre 08/29/2009 Montreal QC Bell Centre 08/27/2009 Cleveland OH Quicken Loans Arena 08/26/2009 Columbus OH Nationwide Arena 08/25/2009 Nashville TN Sommet Center 08/23/2009 Lexington KY Rupp Arena 08/22/2009 Atlanta GA Philips Arena 08/21/2009 Charlotte NC Time Warner Cable Arena 08/19/2009 Sunrise FL BB&T Center 08/18/2009 Tampa FL Tampa Bay Times Forum 08/16/2009 Birmingham AL BJCC Arena 08/15/2009 New Orleans LA New Orleans Arena 08/14/2009 Houston TX Toyota Center 08/13/2009 San Antonio TX AT&T Center 08/11/2009 Glendale AZ Jobing.com Arena 08/09/2009 Los Angeles CA Staples Center 08/08/2009 Los Angeles CA Staples Center 08/07/2009 Los Angeles CA Staples Center 08/05/2009 Fresno CA Save Mart Center 08/04/2009 Sacramento CA Sleep Train Arena 08/03/2009 San Jose CA SAP Center 08/01/2009 Las Vegas NV Mandalay Bay Resort Event Center 07/29/2009 Kansas City MO Sprint Center 07/28/2009 St. Louis MO Scottrade Center 07/26/2009 Auburn Hills MI The Palace of Auburn Hills 07/25/2009 Pittsburgh PA Mellon Arena 07/24/2009 Philadelphia PA First Union Spectrum 07/23/2009 Philadelphia PA First Union Spectrum 07/21/2009 Uniondale NY Nassau Coliseum 07/20/2009 Uniondale NY Nassau Coliseum 07/19/2009 Uniondale NY Nassau Coliseum 07/18/2009 Boston MA TD Garden 07/17/2009 Boston MA TD Garden 07/15/2009 East Rutherford NJ Izod Center 07/14/2009 East Rutherford NJ Izod Center 07/13/2009 Washington DC Verizon Center 07/11/2009 Rosemont IL Allstate Arena 07/10/2009 Rosemont IL Allstate Arena 07/09/2009 Milwaukee WI BMO Harris Bradley Center 07/08/2009 Minneapolis MN Target Center


text:
2010-11 Undergraduate Catalog
Alexander Hall FACULTY: Martin Abbott, David Diekema, Mikyung Kim, Jennifer McKinney, Kevin Neuhouser, Karen Snedker The Department of Sociology offers a major and a minor in sociology. Sociology is the systematic study of societies and the groups and institutions that compose them. The central premise of sociology is that the individual cannot be understood apart from societal and interpersonal contexts. Therefore, coursework is designed to help students gain perspective on themselves and the world around them through an analysis of social structure and culture. SPU students majoring in sociology have secured positions in government, business, industry, and private research agencies. Others hold jobs in planning agencies and research departments of city, county, state, and federal government and religious organizations, law enforcement agencies, and many other settings. The sociological perspective has also proven invaluable for students entering any of the helping professions. Many graduates take entry-level positions in the areas of child welfare, mental health, gerontology, delinquency, and in programs that alleviate poverty. Advanced positions in these areas often require graduate training. Admission to the Major or Minor Requirements for the Sociology Major Note: Students in the sociology major are strongly encouraged to take the core courses in sequence — introduction, statistics, methods, theory, and then capstone. With the help of their advisors, students should create a plan that includes the combination of elective courses that will best prepare them to achieve their career and life goals. Requirements for the Sociology Minor Requirements for the Anthropology Minor Requires an archeology course from approved local community colleges. Application for Major and Minor Note: Students should consult a sociology advisor to create a course of study that best accommodates their educational program. |


text:
The digital and CD versions will contain the complete studio output of the 2nd incarnation of the Dicks. Alternative Tentacles is proud to present this document of essential mid-80s punk from San Francisco remastered with love by Jello Biafra.
Check out this other record from the Dicks: Kill From The Heart "In my mind, the DICKS can do no wrong. Any self-respecting punk should already know that they blazed a trail for queer punks and freaks way back in the early '80s and their impact can still be felt to this day. This album captures Gary Floyd (vocals) after he moved from Texas to San Francisco and reformed the band with an all-new lineup. Many of my friends disregard this era of the band, because the DICKS moved away from hardcore and pursued a more "mature" sound, but I still like it a lot. Sure, it's not as immediately gratifying as Hate The Police or Kill From The Heart, but these songs move me in a different way by showcasing Floyd's gutsy, soulful voice and through more complex musicianship at that. "Dead In A Motel Room," "Off Duty Sailor," and "Sidewalk Begging" are all classics to me. Digging deeper, we find their ode to the fallen Black Panther, George Jackson. I can't help but sing along in solidarity when Floyd intones, "You were my heeero!"This CD also tacks on the 3-song "Peace?" 7-inch at the end- these songs are closer to the original sound of the DICKS. Throughout those 3 songs, the band is spitting venom against war and apolitical fuckheads. "No Fuckin' War" lurches along viciously and insistently, providing gang vocals that should be the staple chant of any anti-war protest. The CD closes with the excellent "I Hope You Get Drafted," which catches the band at their late-years' peak. The DICKS are untouchable (pun sort of intended).- Maximumrocknroll


text:
- Text Size:
- ASmall Text
- AMedium Text
- ALarge Text
In the wake of revelations the U.S. spied on some of its closest partners, the head of the National Security Agency said Thursday he thinks some relationships with allies are more important in the fight against terrorism than the gathering of intelligence.
A week after reports the United States was spying on German Chancellor Angela Merkel and potentially 30 or more other heads of state, Gen. Keith Alexander said there may be more effective ways of gathering the intelligence Washington needs without jeopardizing crucial relationships with allies.
"I think those partnerships have better value than some of the collection and we ought to look at it like that," Alexander said at the Baltimore Council on Foreign Relations.
Alexander also talked about the intelligence leaks by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden, including the massive metadata collection the NSA is using to gather information on millions of phone calls Americans make. Alexander said the government is open to new ideas in the gathering of information to prevent potential terror attacks.
"I am not wed to these programs," Alexander said. "If we can come up with a better way of doing them, we should."
Despite all of the leaks and outcry from privacy advocates, Alexander said the government has followed the letter of the law. Members of the security agencies know they aren't simply defending the nation at any cost; they're also trying to uphold the value of civil liberties, he said.
"There is nothing that NSA or Cyber Command has done wrong," Alexander said.
"From where I sit, we do everything we can to do this right," he said. "We hold ourselves accountable. We have a tremendous oversight and compliance regimen."
All of the leaks have certainly opened the floodgates of debate on whether the government is striking the right balance between civil liberties and security. For his part, Alexander said the government is prepared to scale back its operations if that's ultimately the will of Congress or a presidential administration.
"We're holding this hornet's nest as long as the nation needs us to," he said. "And if Congress or the administration decides that we should put that tool down, we will do that."
But there is a fear with the recent leaks that potential terrorists now know some of the strategies the intelligence community is using.
"This increases the probability that a terrorist attack will get through," Alexander said. "I think it's absolutely wrong."


text:
Welcome to CowboysZone! Join us! Come on! You know you want to!
You cannot post in the chat room because you have not posted enough in the forums!
NFL Replay on NFLN - Now!
Discussion in 'Fan Zone' started by Bleu Star, Oct 30, 2012.
Page 2 of 2
Page 2 of 2


text:
Review Summary
Free Gift With Purchase
Estée Lauder Modern Muse Eau de Parfum Spray
Shipping your purchase is easy on belk.com. Depending on the destination of your package, you can expect it to arrive within 4-7 business days. Shipping Information
Returns are easy on belk.com. Easy returns
Estee Lauder is one of the world's most renowned beauty companies, with proven effective skincare, makeup and fragrance products that are at the forefront of style and innovation. For over 60 years, Estee Lauder has earned a worldwide reputation for elegance, luxury and superior quality inspired by the unshakeable belief of our founder, Mrs. Estee Lauder: the belief that every woman can be beautiful. Today, that simple notion has literally changed the face of the beauty business.
Welcome to the world of Estee Lauder.
Bonus Offer!
Free Gift!
Free gift with any Estée Lauder fragrance purchase of $55.00 or more
Choose your fragrance: Beautiful or Estée Lauder pleasures. Beautiful Fragrance Set: Inside the golden clutch, find three must-haves: Beautiful Eau de Parfum Purse Spray, Perfumed Body Lotion, Pure Color Gloss in Pink Innocence. Great to give, great to keep. Offer good while supplies last. Quantities limited. One to a customer.Estée Lauder pleasures Fragrance Set: Inside the silvery clutch, find three must-haves: Este Lauder Pleasures Eau de Parfum Purse Spray, Body Lotion and Pure Color Gloss in Pink Innocence. Great to give, great to keep. Offer good while supplies last. Quantities limited. One to a customer.
Limited quantities available. Order yours today!
More from: Estée Lauder


text:
Most of these farmers can no longer support themselves by working the farm alone. The average farm income for this group is about $8,000 a year, according to USDA. As a result, many have at least one family member take a job outside the farm as a primary means of income.
But even though they may not be money machines, the farming lifestyle is still attractive for a lot of people.
"We don't need the big pickup and the fancy tractor," said one Vermont dairy farmer. "We do it because we enjoy it."


text:
Learn how to protect yourself from Internet scams. Read our online fraud prevention tips
Free Stuff-Freebies-Bargains ClassifiedsFor Sale Local LA Classified Ads |
30 listings match, 11-20 shown
Can't find what you're looking for? Try our
Advanced Search
We have a unique collection of gifts and collectibles that have that one-of-a-kind quality. Stop in and visit us online at www.mrgiftgaller.weebly.com
Web Id: NOO11374757
Published on NOLA.com 12/7. Updated 12/7.
6 month old Ferret and cage for 75.00 moving and can't take it with me. the cage and ferret cost over 300 selling for 75.00 sweet and friendly call Gina at 985 778-6133 in mandeviile Great Christmas present!
Web Id: NOO11368355
Published on NOLA.com 12/6. Updated 12/6.
Artificial green tree, 10 ft. boxed, excellent cond. FREE. 504-232-4669
Published in The Times-Picayune 12/5. Updated 12/5.
Major accident damage? Flood damage? Odometer Fraud? Order an NMVTIS Vehicle History Report to avoid making potentially costly mistakes when buying a used car. Use this link and get 50% OFF the regular price : http://www.vinaudit.com/coupon=CA_50OFF
Web Id: NOO11090382
Published on NOLA.com 11/29. Updated 11/29.
Healthy male English bulldog puppy for adoption to a caring home. Leroy is potty trained , house broken and good with kids.He is current with shots , very healthy and will come with all belongings. for recent pics and pick up details Email directly to email@example.com
Web Id: NOO11327494
Published on NOLA.com 11/28. Updated 11/28.
Cute male and female yorkie puppies Ready to go to their forever homes .Both puppies are Very healthy, Allergy Friendly, Family Friendly, and gentle disposition.Both puppies are good with kids and will come with all belongings. The puppies are potty trianed and house broken. Contact us For recent photos and pick up details. E-mail directly to firstname.lastname@example.com
Web Id: NOO11323469
Published on NOLA.com 11/27. Updated 11/27.
Cute and outstanding English Bulldog Puppies available for re-homing, our puppies are now very strong and ready to join their new family, Our puppies are akc registered up to date and currently on their shots, form ore information on them Text Us At 312-841-7848
Web Id: NOO11320310
Published on NOLA.com 11/26. Updated 11/26.
Individuals, businesses, and nonprofit organizations are eligible if they lived, worked, and/or operated in the affected area during the time of the BP oil spill (2010). If you are in any county in Louisiana & surrounding cities & if you had a loss in 2010, you may be eligible for a claim. To find out, go to http://bp.claimscomp.com/jamesgreen/ & fill out the form. After you fill out the form please follow all instructions & check your emails. The company will also give monetary gifts to those who refer others, once their claim settles.
Web Id: NOO11304812
Published on NOLA.com 11/23. Updated 11/23.
Santa is checking his list to see who is naughty or nice and he has a perfect gift for those who are nice. Champion Line Pure bread AKC English bulldogs puppy's that will be ready to go home just in time for Christmas. Date of birth 10/18/2013 Price range 200$ Accepting cash deposits. 2 Girls 2Boys If interested in buying or putting a deposit down call or text (408) 634-7431. Serious buyers only!!!! or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com
Web Id: NOO11298360
Published on NOLA.com 11/22. Updated 11/22.
Adorable Siberian Husky puppies AvailableThe babies will be coming with all vet records,health guarantee,play toys ,diapers and a handbook explaining their diet type, care and how to make them become fun of new people and places.please just text me if interested or send me an email.Please text and email me for more detail
Web Id: NOO11293370
Published on NOLA.com 11/21. Updated 11/21.
30 listings match, 11-20 shown


text:
General Community > Site Comments, Issues and Concerns
Big Forum Operator
Hello, everyone. I applied for the Big Forum Operator group many weeks ago, providing a link to my forum with over 500000 posts, along with proof of my ownership, and still haven't received any reply. Is it usual to wait this long or did I do something wrong? Thanks in advance.
Apologize for that, I was away and thought someone else might pick it up. I will look into it asap. :)
No problem. Thanks for the quick response and approval!
[0] Message Index
Go to full version


text:
FootJoy ended 2009 just how it began...as the #1 Shoe and Glove at retail and on professional Tours around the world. Our Tour success featured memorable performances from some of the Tour's biggest stars. We recently caught up with a few FJ players to talk about the year that was and look ahead to 2010.
What was your favorite golf memory this year, either from the professional Tours or in your own game? Click on COMMENTS to share your thoughts.
Steve Stricker (SYNR-G, PureTouch Limited) made a run at Player of the Year honors on the heels of three strong wins throughout the year. After beginning the year with five top 10 finishes, Stricker captured his first win of the year in a playoff at Colonial when he stuck his approach to 3 feet on the second hole of sudden death. He was back for more at the John Deere Classic and set the course record with a 61 in round two before closing with a final round 64 to notch his second win in four starts. Strick then notched arguably the biggest victory of his career when he birdied the final two holes to win the Deutsche Bank Championship during the FedEx Cup Playoffs.
Lee Westwood (FJ ICON, PureTouch Limited) finishes the year as the highest placed European in the Official World Golf Rankings having won the inaugural Race to Dubai on the European Tour. He last won the Harry Vardon trophy in 2000, reaching Number Four in the World in the process, and equaled that feat in a momentous 2009 campaign. His superb season, capped by victories in the Portugal Masters and the Dubai World Championship, was one of the many highlights of an outstanding year.
Padraig Harrington (SYNR-G, PureTouch Limited) continued to work on some major swing changes and saw the fruits of his labor towards the end of the season. Beginning with the WGC-Bridgestone Invitaitonal, Harrington reeled off an incredible string of six consecutive top ten finishes, including all four FedEx Cup Playoff events which feature some of the strongest fields of the year.
Zach Johnson (SYNR-G, StaSof) got the year started off right by defeating fellow FJ players Adam Scott and David Toms in the first full field event of the year at the Sony Open in Hawaii then successfully defended his title at the Valero Texas Open.
Italy's Matteo Manassero became the youngest ever winner of the BMW PGA Championship as he claimed his fourth European Tour title at the age of 20 on the fourth hole of a sudden-death play-off at the magical Wentworth club.
It what was a testing week due to the ever changing weather conditions, the Italian (DryJoys Tour and StaSof) held strong scoring 4, 5, 4, and 4 in the play-off to take the title.
Overnight leader Alejandro Cañizares (Contour and SciFlex) missed from 18 feet on the last for an eagle to join the play-off and Lee Westwood (FJ ICON and StaSof) held a two shot lead after birdies on the second, third and fourth, but the Worksop born professional couldn't keep his momentum playing the back nine and he finished equal ninth.
Manassero who looked very comfortable on the range at the start of the week shot rounds of 69, 71, 69 and 69 – a total of 10 under par and at the age 20 years and 37 days, beats the previous record of Bernard Gallacher, who was 20 years and 97 days when he won in 1969.
"I feel unbelievable, really emotional," The Italian announced after his dramatic win.
"It's been an amazing week. I have always felt something really special about this place and this tournament. Everything has come together this week. I managed to play well and managed to stay in contention after a tough day on Friday and pulled it off with this play-off."
"I am the happiest man in the world right now."
Shoe Count:FJ - 55%Nearest Comp. - 21%


text:
Will the Government Co-operate With Canada's Co-ops?
Read More:
International Year of Co-Operatives,
Co-Operative Secretariat,
Joint Congress on Co-Operatives,
Credit Union,
MP Mauril Bélanger,
Co-Op Movement,
International Summit on Co-Operatives,
Special Committee on Co-Operatives,
Desjardins Group,
Canadian Co-Operative Association,
Canada Business News
This week, Montreal will welcome hundreds of leaders from a business sector that is trying to "build a better world": The co-op sector. Co-op leaders from across Canada are meeting in celebration of the UN International Year of Co-operatives. Although awareness remains the biggest challenge for the co-op sector, it also presents an opportunity for government to step in and do some good.


text: Jambu Shoes Inspired by the beauty and mystique of the rainforest, Jambu Shoes are designed to guide you in style and comfort on your next personal journey – at home or across the globe. With Jambu Shoes you can stroll the beach, navigate the city, zip line through the rainforest, or travel the world in style and comfort. Jambu Shoes Eco-Design uses only 100% recycled, recyclable and re-usable packaging.


text:
- Apartment
1337763239_fachada.jpg1374477761_PRIMER-2-B-V2-(638X442).jpg42 Rambla Catalunya Suites 1DArea: EixampleCapacity: 6 Guests
2 Bedrooms
1 Double bed
2 Single beds
2 Bathrooms
1 Double sofa beds
12 comments8.9Amenities
- Air-conditioning
- Heating
- Safe
- Washing machine
- Dryer
- Dishwasher
- Fridge with small freezer
- Glass-ceramic stove
- Oven
- Microwave
- Spanish coffeemaker
- Kettle
- Juicer
- Toaster
- Elevator
- Balcony
- Salón
- Shower
- Hair dryer
- Concierge
- Iron / Ironing board
42 Rambla Catalunya Suites is located in the centre of Eixample neighbourhood which is famous for its 19th century modernist buildings. It is also surrounded by the districts of Raval and el Gothic, teeming with history The apartments are modern, practical and comfortable, making you feel at home straight away.
Apartment 1D is located on the first floor and is very bright and spacious. The living room has a fully equipped open-plan kitchen, a dining area, and a double convertible sofa. A sliding door separates the living room from a pleasant room with a double bed; so you can choose either to have a more spacious living room or a nice additional bedroom. There is also another bedroom with bunk-beds. There are two full bathrooms with showers.
You will love the building's beautiful communal terrace.
Aspasios has more rental apartments in the same building.
Rates and other 42 Rambla Catalunya Suites 1D apartment rental conditions
Minimum stay: 2 nightsRates (including taxes), from:Price per night:165 €Price per week:1.097 €Price 1 month:3.900 €Price 2-6 months3.900 €/monthSurplus from 3 guests: 15 €/dayOnly for stays shorter than 30 days:Other chargesCheck-in / Check-out:15 € / 10 €Check-in on Sundays:30 €Check-in after 20h:30 €
Deposit: 100 €
Other conditionsThe price includes agency fees, bed linen and towels, weekly cleaning and bed linen laundry service, internet, water and energy costs (up to 150 €/month for stays over 30 nights). The remaining balance of your reservation must be paid upon arrival, in cash or with credit card. The security deposit must be made using a credit card.Tourist tax (0.72€/person/night) not included -
- Area
Surrounding of the apartment 42 Rambla Catalunya Suites 1D in the Eixample neighbourhood
From here you can walk to Plaça Catalunya and the Ramblas in less than five minutes. The building is a block from the Passeig de Gracia (L2, L3, L4 and RENFE trains) metro station. Several bus lines will take you to places like the Gràcia district, Park Güell or Barceloneta beach.
Type of serviceName & AddressDescriptionClients' evaluationsGourmet shop
Gourmet shop
Selling and tasting of top quality wines, olive oils and cheeses. In the back shop: home-made dishes.Restaurant
Fresh Catalan cuisine in a pleasant atmosphere at reasonable prices (30-40€)General store
General store
A very big hardware store at the city centre.Video shop
Video shop
Extensive film collection, both old and new. To become a member you need to bring the rental contract with you.Car & bike rentals
Car & bike rentals
Bike rentals and city bike tours. Bike shop and repairs.Health services
Health services
Professional odontologic service, always using the latest technical improvements, specialised in implantology. Relaxed atmosphere.Bar
A bar with history that is great to have a cheap coffee or beer, or to relax playing pool or table football.Hairdresser´s shop
Hairdresser´s shop
A modern hairdresser´s where besides getting a new haircut you can enjoy cocktails and good music on nights of full moon.Nightclub
One of the hottest spots in Barcelona´s nightlife. Razzmatazz offers three concert rooms and two discos.Gifts
An emblematic store in Barcelona selling contemporary design home products.fitness
This gym has the latest in fitness technology and the spa the hottest in relaxation, surrounded by gardens and swimming pools.Bar
A very well designed place for wine lovers, with wines from all over the world, courses and a culinary space.Bar
A monument not to be missed to have the best chocolate milk in town with some pastry. They also sell their own fresh dairy products.Bookshop
More than 100.000 books including rare and curious works on all themes and of all disciplines.Spa
Hot, cold and cool water baths, massages, aromatherapy and many other ancient techniques, from the traditional Arab baths.Car & bike rentals
Car & bike rentals
You will explore Barcelona in a unique way, you will see by bike the best highlights of the city. Tours are available in English, Dutch and German. Baja Bikes offers bike tours and walking tours.Music Store
Music Store
In Santa Rita you will find vinyl records, books and very stylish retro objects. This store, located in the center of the Raval, will delight every design lover.Bakery
Typical Catalonian sandwiches and other products of the region
Restaurant specialized in Italian food, pastas, cheese and othersRestaurant
Wide range of typical catalonian productos. Good price-quality
Good venue to go out at night, well located and all ages target.
Restaurant in a bohemian environment, which offers, among its menu, oysters, cava and sushiRestaurant
Restaurant located in a typical catalan dry cleaners, which works since 1909...
Intimate space to enjoy a musical night it also turns into a nightclub from 00:00 every night.
Entry prize from 10€.
Dir fitness have 17 clubs in Barcelona all equipped with the best machines and the possibility to chose over more than 3000 activities. It's possible to join the group exercises classes or hire a personal trainer. Also aivailable a nutritionist advisers.
Good schedules and open hours to enjoy the most of your exercise. To check the rates visit their website.
General store
General store
The biggest department store group in Europe.. El Corte Inglés is Spain's only remaining department store chain, as well as owner of several associated businesses, such as supermarket chains, fashion chains as well as their own travel agency (Viajes El Corte Ingles) and telephone providerBookshop
The biggest bookstore specialized in trips, cultures and countries in all Europe.Restaurant
Original Laundry that belongs to the delightful secret gastronomic community of Barcelona, shhh....Hairdresser´s shop
Hairdresser´s shop
Hairdresser's shop for women and menRestaurant
Basque restaurant, with lots of delicious specialities, as well as the typical "pintxos"fitness
The Olympic swimming pool is now open to the general public and offers amazing facilities if you wish to train while staying in Barcelona. Apart from the swimming pool they dispose of a fitness area, a cycling area, several programmed classes and a spa.Bar
- Comments(12)
42 Rambla Catalunya Suites 1D
Ratings over 12 comments8.9Situation8.4Atmosphere8.8Comfort8.7Cleaning8.70Una Macfarlane 01 November 201310---Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Mark 23 October 20139Roomy apartment in great location-signage and entry process. We couldn't figure out how to get into the building but the buzzer was apparently brokenWas this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Simone 15 October 201310---Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Tone 02 October 20139---Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Leigh 01 October 20139We thoroughly enjoyed staying in our Aspasios apartment and would definitely recommends to friends and family.availability of staff and quality of accommodation.Maybe the second bedroom - a bit cell like!Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Peter 28 September 201310We had a nice stay, little short. Next time we will stay longer I think.Very good service, we thank you a lot.Nothing to say, everything was in our satisfaction.Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Gregory 26 September 20138Magic stay, beautiful apartment--Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Hilal 26 August 20138It was very comfortable , we loved it ,however, the elevator was very smallWIFI , smart TV, i Pad station, washer, coffee machine, building securitycleaningWas this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Hilary 25 August 201310An enjoyable stay in a convenient, clean apartment.Great location, clean and safe.It was not clear which our apartment was from description or photographs. These need to be more specific.Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Erica Lopez 18 June 20139---Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Anonymous 31 March 20137husbands 60th thank you for the wine. the reception we had from your rep was very nice.the reception from your rep who spoke excellent english.the shower after two people showered in the apartment the water was cold.Was this comment helpful to you?YesNo0Jose 09 November 20128COLMO NUESTRAS EXPECTATIVASLA INFORMACION Y EL TRATOAISLAMIENTO DEL RUIDO EXTERIOR Y EN NUESTRO CASO OLORES EN LOS BAÑOSWas this comment helpful to you?YesNo
* Adults & children > 2 years old