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Can I set mechanical disadvantage to my characters? In my case it's permanent blindness.
I have checked already everything regarding that, Oracle isn't what I want nor does it grant full blindness.
To the best of my knowledge, there is no mechanic for just deciding to be blind. I would argue that, given the perilous nature of Pathfinder missions, the Grand Lodge would be likely to send more traditionally able-bodied people into the field, with an exception made for Oracles, who receive powerful compensation for their curses. Golarion isn't a world with lobbying groups who support access for disabled people. And even in the real world, where those lobbying groups do support full access, we're not in the habit of putting blind cops, firefighters, or soldiers into field positions. Long story short, it's not supported by the rules, and I would be inclined to veto it at my tables.
Patrick Harris @ SD wrote:
I actually agree with you, pathfinders wouldn't likely pick this kind of person, but if person can get the job done, it matters little. I actually don't want to start discussion regarding this since most people will try to discourage me from it. I will need direct answer or quote from the Guide. So far I can't find anywhere anything regarding it, but I am still looking.
No you cannot. Blindness does offer a mechanical advantage in that you are immune to most gaze attacks, pattern based illusions and other such effects requiring site. If you want to be blind, then make sure you get hit by a blindness/deafness spell in a scenario, and then don't pay to have it removed.
@ Andrew & Thefurmonger Thanks for the suggestion, that's a good idea. I can substract the gold needed to cast Blindness/Deafness spell before the scenario. However, I don't see it fair if my character is naturaly blind.
Currently getting an NPC to cast that spell on you would not work, as spells cast as part of spell casting services or by other PC's do not persist past the end of the scenario with a few listed exceptions of which blindness and deafness is not. You would need a hostile NPC caster to cast blindness on you (many NPC clerics have this in their tactics) and then willing fail the fort save (legal) and not pay to remove it at the end of the session, as such it would be on your cert and locked to your character until you paid to remove it, or a friendly PC removed it for you (you do get a fort save to resist the removal).
Caderyn wrote: Currently getting an NPC to cast that spell on you would not work, as spells cast as part of spell casting services or by other PC's do not persist past the end of the scenario with a few listed exceptions of which blindness and deafness is not. Wouldn't this line include blindness and deafness from any source? Guide to Pathfinder Society, page 23 wrote: When playing your own character, all conditions (including death) not resolved within the scenario or module carry beyond the end of the adventure. Also, I wanted to point out this line in the remove blindness text. Remove Blindness-Deafness wrote: The spell does not restore ears or eyes that have been lost, but it repairs them if they are damaged. So if the character had their eyes gauged out, remove blindness could not recover their blindness, the question would be how to legally get your eyes gouged out, you could potentially attempt to gauge your own eyes out in a scenario, but that may be frowned upon.
Just wondering why? Seems a pretty severe list penalties to impose on your character Blinded: The creature cannot see. It takes a –2 penalty to Armor Class, loses its Dexterity bonus to AC (if any), and takes a –4 penalty on most Strength- and Dexterity-based skill checks and on opposed Perception skill checks. All checks and activities that rely on vision (such as reading and Perception checks based on sight) automatically fail. All opponents are considered to have total concealment (50% miss chance) against the blinded character. Blind creatures must make a DC 10 Acrobatics skill check to move faster than half speed. Creatures that fail this check fall prone. Characters who remain blinded for a long time grow accustomed to these drawbacks and can overcome some of them. The last line may be your saving grace...but it seems pretty soft and up to the GM to determine that....
BigNorseWolf wrote: Please don't do this to your fellow people at the table. They're relying on you, and don't really have the option of doing what their characters would do, which would be to leave your character somewhere safe for their own good. I agree with this. While the idea of playing a character with severe disadvantages is fine in a regular group, PFS is the kind of setting where you may not have the same players (or even characters) from session to session. Also, while certainly interesting in providing Role Playing, PFS isn't exactly encouraging to such in-depth RP; it's far more mission and scenario oriented. It's an interesting character idea, just as a deaf or paralyzed character would be. But I would suggest saving this idea for a regular gaming group.
To everyone who wonders why? I love playing challenging characters in pen and paper, video games, everywhere so I figured that playing blind warrior would be nice challenge for a change. I have seen people doing much much worse character builds from mine and I am quite a optimizier if needed. Beside that, Blind Fight feat solves most of negative sides and only leaves -4 on skill checks which hurt but not to bad, so far everything is in positive numbers. Statisticly I have 25% chance to miss on every attack, and around 35% chance to hit. It's not that bad really, not to mention that it grants sight immunity on everything related to sight. While most people cant understand this remember that you don't need to understand. So far most of responses go as "don't do it". To make this even more adaptable consider this: If I have Blindness cast from a spell, I can always remove it if things don't work out as they are supposed to. Simple as that. People will be warned about my character up in front and I won't let anyone die on my watch.
Malag wrote:
No, I completely understand why you want to do it. I've been RPing for over 30 years now, and I've played many characters that have a disability such as blind, deaf, paralyzed, or mute. It's a fun RP challenge and they make wonderful characters with deep, enjoyable RP. There's the challenge of overcoming the obvious hindrance and showing that you're just as capable as everyone else; sometimes more so. And blind swordsmen are a staple of Japanese fantasy stories. Conceptually, there's nothing wrong with playing such a character. In practice, however, PFS is not your usual campaign. 1) You are not guaranteed to have the same players each session. Some may not want to adventure with a blind character for any number of reasons 2)GM's are far more restricted in running the games. They have a set scenario that every member of the PFS campaign worldwide can play through. They don't have the same freedom to alter details to match the party's capabilities that a regular GM does. Hence, encounters featuring gaze attacks will be less of a challenge than encounters with, say, sonic enchantments. In other words, the GM can't swap out a Medusa for an equivalent CR of Harpies to make the encounter an equal challenge to factor in your blindness and thus are immune to the main threat of the encounter. 3)You appear to want to do this to add depth and role-play to the character, which is perfectly fine. However, FPS games are not situated around such depth; you can't go off on an RP tangent and then continue the scenario next week after you run out of scheduled time like you can in a normal campaign. I have a Dragon-Blooded Sorcerer decended from a Silver Dragon. I have a whole backstory of the lineage and how the dragon was part of the fight to liberate Andoran. Is this going to *ever* be used in PFS games? Of course not, there's not enough time in sessions to deal with it and it's not fair to the other players for me to expect to have the focus if my character is more RP-oriented than others. Ultimately, in PFS, you will have both role-players and 'I just wanna kill stuff and get loot' players. The second kind of player will be far less inclined to want to deal with a 'handicapped' character. Like I said, it's a fine character idea, but one that would be better served and more enjoyable to role-play in a normal campaign. Otherwise, it comes off as a min/maxing attempt: 'Yeah, I get immunity to all gaze attacks and I just have a small minus to some skill rolls where the penalty will be meaningless at higher levels. I miss a lot at first, but level advancement and magic weapons solve that.'
@Runescryer It's not that big of problem really, my PFS community isn't big, but it's growing. We have around 10-15 active players and more are joining slowly. At the moment I know every player there and they know me. If someone doesn't like my blind character, then I won't play him. GMs will also be informed of it. Beside that, I plan to play my character somewhat defensively, more oriented on protecting others or following them, instead of madly charging around. He will be durable and party tank also. Min/maxing attempt or not, I only said that he does have some benefits beside having disadvantages. I plan to make him viable after 2nd or 3rd level immediately in either case. If everything else fails, I can always remove Blindness via Remove Blindness/Deafness spell.
Slamy Mcbiteo wrote:
In a home game, yes. In PFS, no. If he remains blinded, he's blind, period in PFS.
To run contrary to most of the people replying here, I would say, "Sure!" If you came up to my table with a blind character, who was simply blind from birth or due to an accident or whatever, and the character had the appropriate penalties worked in, I would think you had a really neat concept and deserve credit for actually trying to create a unique character and give yourself an interesting role-playing hook. So what if it's not officially in the rules? There's a reason for that: the heroes are usually not going to run around blinding themselves deliberately! And most people would think having a blind PC is no fun. But as long as there isn't a mechanical benefit (and in this case, there is the *opposite*) I don't see it as a problem. Bottom line: expect table variation. Some GMs (sadly, it seems like most of the people posting above fall into this category) will have a problem with the concept. Others won't. Bring a back-up character to play just in case someone can't handle your concept, or if being "the blind guy" would totally cripple your party. If they are OK with it, then have fun! Happy gaming!
Andrew Christian wrote: I disagree. I think this is another case of "Expect Table Variation." The rules say a character who is blind for a long time may be able to overcome some of the drawbacks. That's the *only* thing they say, which means it is up to the table GM to give a good-faith effort to apply them. While you are correct to say that the character will not just spontaneously become un-blind, the effects of being blind may be different for someone who is used to it. The rules say so, right in black and white! What they *don't* say is exactly *how* they will be different. Different GMs will interpret this line differently. Ask your table GM *before* you play to make sure you are all on the same page.
Just an idea for another option - Smoked Goggles, 10 gp, 0 lbs - penalty to perception and attacks but major bonus vs visual-based attacks. You could RP-story it by saying your character hates bright lights, gives him/her migraines, etc. Another option is to see if the ARG has any PFS-legal racial variants that have "light sensitivity" as a drawback, and play that - it gives a RP challenge and difficulty yes, but probably does have a positive tradeoff that won't make your character a risk to a party surviving a PFS scenario (and smoked goggles work for that kind of a character too heh). I always build weaknesses into my characters, even in PFS, but I try not to let them be so big that they risk other characters' lives for the sake of my role play experience.
Tamago wrote: And you have hit the nail on the head, and why all the experienced PFS GMs are, for the most part, saying it is a less than good idea for PFS. Remember taht the table GM is not the campaign GM, but simply the judge for the game. The campaign GM, who would be the person responsible for determining anything that has a GM interpretation tag must be determined by Mike Brock and Mark Moreland. Without rules from them for this kind of thing, it is, in general, not going to fly in PFS. How long is "long" for being blind? Is it one whole scenario, one whole level, one year of real world time, or some other, currently undefined, time span? Also reember, as the OP has confirmed, being blind doews convey a mechanical advantage, along with the disadvantages. The blind person is immune to all gaze effects. Add in that, IMO, there is no feasible way for a blind person, given the PFRPG rules, can ever make a reasonable tank, and you wind up with, maybe, a blind archer, who requires actions and time from another PC in order to be effective, along with having enough Fame, minimum, for a +2 weapon. Tank? Hard to tank effectively when you will always be subject to sneak attack damage, even when you aren't flanked. AC, at best, is going to be only fractionally higher than someone in the same armor who is paralyzed or unconscious. No AoOs, no stickiness. How do you tank when the enemies ignore you? As I mentioned, an archer with a seeing eye helper (target enemy in B6!) and a Seeking bow is the only way I can see to be effective. Blind fight will reduce the ineffectiveness of a melee combatant, if the meleer can even tell which square to attack. Move at half speed or have a chance to trip every round? Yeesh.
Kinevon, Anyone can gain temporary blind condition by closing their eyes and everyone can gain immunity to gaze. Don't twist my words please. @CanisDirus Smoked Goggles unfortunately isn't something which Shoanti Barbarian would wear and I don't have ARG so I can't really pick those traits if there are any.
Tamago wrote:
But there is a mechanical benefit: immunity to gaze attacks, sight-based illusions, and several other spells. The tradeoff is spending 1 Feat at 1st Level (with no prerequisites), to lessen the miss chance (normally a 50% miss chance, you get to re-roll which makes it an effective 25% miss chance. Also with the Blind Fight feat, you eliminate *all* penalties that come from invisible attackers in melee. So, at 1st level
So, the only real drawback at Level 1 would be minuses on some non-essential skills for a fighter and never using the Dex bonus for AC. Not quite an equitable trade-off for the massive benefits you get, IMO. You may miss 25% of the time, but you have the rest of your party to make up for that. Most problems the skill check penalty causes can be overcome by having someone go ahead first and secure ropes for walking a ledge or a system to pull the blind character up. That takes extra time in game, but not much else. Now, let's say our blind swordsman gets to level 10. He's put 1 rank every level into perception. Now, he's eligible for Improved Blind Fight. It's a Combat Feat, so he'd get it as a fighter. At 10th Level
So now, he gets his full AC on both ranged and Melee attacks At a potential 15th Level, Greater Blind Fight can be taken. Now the miss chance is reduced from 50% to 20%, plus the reroll, which makes it an effective 16% miss chance. Even though regular PFS play only goes to 12, there are convention events and such that can take you to higher levels. Now, this is not to rag on Malag at all. This is simply the analysis and though process that goes on for most GM's. Malag, if your local PFS GM is fine with it, awesome. Play the character and have fun. My opinion is that if I were the GM, I wouldn't allow the blindness if I were running PFS; for a regular campaign, I'll be completely fine with it. Because in a regular campaign, I can tailor the encounters as I see fit. PFS does not let GM's alter the encounters in scenarios. This is a part of the downside of equibility for PFS. Things that are fine in a normal campaign are disallowed in PFS because they can be exploited with no recourse for GM's. It's why we can't do any crafting of magical items in PFS. There is enforced balance. Again, Malag, this isn't to discourage you. This is to show you the thought processes that are leading many of us to say 'it's not a good idea' and why not every PFS GM you'll encounter will let you play that character.
@Runescryer Actually, small correction only Blind-Fight lets you keep your DEX bonus to AC from Invisible attackers, it says so in feat description and you need 10 ranks in Perception for Improved Blind Fight. So even if I am blind, I retain Dex bonus, at least on melee attacks. Uncanny dodge further would help me to keep it forever up to AC.
I personally would be more than willing to allow people to be blind as long as they follow a rules legal method to attain it of which there is three although the first involves physical damage to your PC which would prevent most casters removing the blindness. The only magical way to attain permanent blindness that remains after scenarios is to get a hostile NPC to cast blindness on you and willingly fail the fort save, spellcasting services or other PC's do not count as per the guide. The third option which is possible but not permanent is to buy the spellcasting service every session, which would also be legal as while it ends at the end of each session it would last for the whole session regardless of how many days the party travelled. I am more than willing to allow people to do things for roleplaying reasons in PFS games, but remember just because its for RP reasons does not mean you can ignore the rules as written which state clearly how such things should be adjudicated, so in my case there would be no table variation as the rules for this are spelled out clearly and if he was to attend a table without a rules legal method of being blind then he would be able to see and it would go on his session record, if he pulled the character then I would be required to inform my VC about it so he could take appropriate action.
Malag wrote:
Actually, the rules for the Blind condition on 285 of the Core Rules says that you loose any Dex bonus to AC in addition to all melee being in Total Concealment and the Acrobatics check to move faster than 1/2 speed. If you read the rules for Blind Fight, it only negates the movement restriction and gives you the concealment re-roll; the loss of the Dex bonus to AC remains for the Blinded condition. Invisible opponents impose a seperate set of penalties, which Blind Fight eliminates. The basic AC penalty from Blindness still remains even with Blind Fight.
runescryer wrote: Are you saying that invisible person isn't same as not being visible while being Blind? Blind person treats everyone as Invisible, that's why the feat mentions Invisible bonuses. If you check the Blind condition penalties:
All of this is what Invisible person gains in general. It's same condition, only the Blind person applies Invisible "buff" to everyone around him.
Yes. They are two separate effects/conditions. The Blindness condition rules do not say 'treat all opponents as if they were invisible'. They list the effects without mentioning Invisibility at all. Similarly, the Blind Fight rules diferentiate between general Concealment effects, Invisibility, and the Blindness movement penalty. Similarly, Blind Fight doesn't negate the Perception penalties to see an Invisible character, they only eliminate the AC penalty and give you the Concealment reroll. Blind Fight lists exactly what it does, and the general AC and Dex penalties from Blindness aren't listed, while the Movement restriction is. A further example: Obscuring Mist creates Concealment and eliminates visual targeting at ranges greater than 5 feet, but it does not impose the AC and Dex penalties like Invisibility does, even if the attacker has a way of overcoming the Mist.
Malag wrote:
I don't think you can just 'close your eyes' to overcome gaze attacks, though I'm too lazy to look up the thread were this war was waged. IIRC, some GMs allowed closing/opening eyes as a swift action (so, only on your turn), but I don't recall if there was an official response. Seeing as how Gaze attacks and Illusion spells can be quite nasty, a swift action to negate them (without much penalty if you're in the back ranks, providing support, as opposed to attacking) seems to be a bit too much.
Hm, if that's the case, I might reconsider 1 level dip in Oracle for the sight curse. But in case it's true what you say, Blind creature doesn't treat others as Invisible then. Meaning that others don't get Stealth bonus and +2 bonus to him in melee.
Can I play a crippled hemophiliac? I think there would be Very Rich Roleplaying Opportunities that come about from adventuring with a crippled hemophiliac. I look forward to playing at tables where my prone, low constitution bearer of massively disabling, rare inherited genetic conditions would lie trembling and struggle to breathe as battle, spells and traps rage around him.
runescryer wrote: Yes. They are two separate effects/conditions. The Blindness condition rules do not say 'treat all opponents as if they were invisible'. They list the effects without mentioning Invisibility at all. I don't even know where to begin. You're arguing that if someone has the Blind-Fight feat, and they fail their save against a Blindness spell, they don't get the AC benefit of Blind-Fight ... but they would if, while blinded, they were fighting an enemy who was also invisible. Really?
Malag wrote:
You still have the -2 AC from the Blindness condition. The Invisibility Stealth bonus is more of a fuzzy matter. Perception includes both sight (which doesn't apply) and hearing (which would). I would be more inclined to eliminate the Stealth Bonus, unless the Invisible creature is magically silenced. Keep in mind these are only my opinions and how I would work 'house rules'. Your local GM might agree that Blind Fight eliminates the AC and Dex penalties from Blindness as well as Invisibility. YMMV.
Tamago wrote: I disagree. I think this is another case of "Expect Table Variation." The rules say a character who is blind for a long time may be able to overcome some of the drawbacks. That's the *only* thing they say, which means it is up to the table GM to give a good-faith effort to apply them. As a PFS GM, I'm not empowered to give any kind of variation any more that I can say you can bring a custom magic item to table. You bring a blind character to my table, you get the full disadvantages as per the blinded condition. PFS is not the place to be if you expect to be playing Matt Murdoch.
Patrick Harris @ SD wrote: That's not quite what I said; or, at least, meant. I was posting from my phone, so I can understand if the synopsis wasn't totally clear. So, here's a detailed look at the logic and the rules behind the logic. First: a quick review of calculating AC bonuses, since it's relevant. There's 8 potential modifiers to AC: Dex bonus or penalty, Natural Armor, Armor, Shield, Dodge, Deflection, Size, and Miscellaneous (Dwarf bonus to AC when fighting Giants, for example). You can only have one modifier for each 'type'. So, the +4 AC bonus from Mage Armor doesn't stack with the +4 bonus from wearing a chain shirt armor; both are Armor bonuses. However, the +4 AC bonus from Shield Spell would stack with either since it's a Shield Bonus. Similarly, the AC bonus from a Shield of Faith spell stacks with both Armor and Shield, since it's a Deflection bonus. Therefore, you cannot recieve more than one Bonus in a single 'type' of AC bonus and you end up using whichever the greater bonus is. By correlation, penlties to AC do not stack if they are of the same 'type'. Now, the heart of my argument is that Invisibility and Blindness are two separate things, even though they have some smiliar properties. But just like the Mage Armor spell doesn't stack with worn Armor, the AC and defnesive penalties of Invisibility don't stack with those of Blindness. Both Invisibility and Blindness share the following penalties:
Taking these one by one, you will only get a maximum of a -2 penalty to AC, since you don't stack penalties of the same type from difernet sources. You have already lost your Dex Bonus to AC, so you cannot loose it again by having the second effect occur. And, by having one of the conditions, you are already treating all opponents as if they are in Total Concelament, so that does not stack. The other, non-shared aspects of both Blindness and Invisibility are put into effect. The Perception DC to spot an Invisible character is a moot point to a Blinded character since the Blinded condition means that all visual Perception tests automatically fail. The only other effects added in would be the Movement restriction via Blindness: Moving greater than half speed requires and Acrobatics roll, and a -4 to Str and Dex based skill checks. So, a character that is Blinded and attacked by an Invisible opponent would have the following penalties and effects applied.
Now, the Blind FIght feat gives the following bonuses:
That's all that it does, no more, no less. So, if we take into account the Blind Fight feat, our Blinded character attacking an Invisible opponent has the following effects:
So, why is it set up like this? I can only guess, but I'd say that the reason is probably to make Blindness a more serious condition that is preferable to avoid. It limits the effectiveness of an exploit like 'I stay blinded then get a mage to Craft me a helmet that gives me bat-like echo-location that will eliminate all Concealment caused by visual impairment.'
It feels quite counter-intuitive to have Blind-fight feat not affect you when you're blind. Say, you are in a pitch black room. This blindness/invisibility thing seems just like a RAI vs. RAW issue. Rule As Intended versus Rule As Written, for those who don't know. Regarding the original issue about bringing crippled characters to the table, I can see why some oppose to the idea. You bring one, and suddenly these hemophiliacs or whatnot start appearing all the time. While I understand that blindness isn't all that severe in Pathfinder, it could create a landslide. I personally have a deaf elf, and I chose to have her mute as well. That simply means she doesn't say a word. I haven't gotten a chance to play her yet, so I'm unsure how it'd affect the party.
Malag wrote: Beside that, Blind Fight feat solves most of negative sides and only leaves -4 on skill checks which hurt but not to bad, so far everything is in positive numbers. Statisticly I have 25% chance to miss on every attack, and around 35% chance to hit. It's not that bad really, not to mention that it grants sight immunity on everything related to sight. As bad as hitting less often than a sorcerer with a stick is, its not the worst part of being blind. 1) You have to know what square to swing at to have ANY chance at all of hitting them. That's the real tactical advantage of invisibility and stealth. Your chance of hitting somethings is FAR less than the simple math would indicate 2) You will start pretty much every combat surprised. 3) You cannot make perception checks for your/others faction missions. 4) You cannot make attacks of opportunity. People can walk right past your fighter to attack the squishies in the back. That's half a fighters job.
Firstly, I'd allow this if I were GM - even in PFS. There is no rule in the game that says that PCs must be perfect specimens, so blind, deaf, paraplegic, bald, mute, etc. are all equally valid choices. If there is no rule to forbid it then I should allow it. Blindness does indeed have a mechanical effect, but no more so than a choice of sex, sexuality or race would have an effect on diplomacy checks against certain NPCs in PFS. I'm sure that nobody here would forbid a character based on those attributes. Personally, scouring the rules for a mechanical reason to forbid this makes me feel uneasy. A general question: would your decision on whether or not to allow this character at your table change depending on whether the player was blind or not? BigNorseWolf wrote: That said, the tricky bit would be convincing me that you were not using player knowledge when it comes to the fact that while you can see the battle mat, your character can't. The book-keeping and constant perception checks to work out what the state of your characters mental map of the world is like would also slow play down. So, it would be a pain for me as GM and I'd grumpily wish you hadn't done it, but unless it significantly disrupted the table as a whole I'd feel bound to let you do it. I'd also give you warnings and then boot you from the table if I thought that you were using player knowledge to lessen the impact of the blindness on your character. Not, of course, implying that you would.
Mike and Mark are really the only people who can determine the benefits of long term blindness in PFS, but they are just as likely to ban the option entirely. Much like the occurrence of the 10 year old barbarian with 20 Str or the 4 year old archmage. If you do intend on using this character in PFS. Do your fellow players a favor, and make it a GM credit project. Use GM credit to level this character to a decent level where you have the feats and magic items to effectively eliminate the characters blindness entirely. Once you have options granting you blindsense (or to a lesser extent tremorsense) out to at least 15-20 feet you can ignore most of the issues other players would have with you using a blinded character. Once you get the character set with GM credit you can then play him at slow advancement for the rest of his career to get the same amount of play time in.
brock, no the other one... wrote:
Some of it is just common sense. When you tell me how a paraplegic, blind, or deaf can avoid washing out of Pathfinder Boot Camp, or any of today's field services, that have similar training, I'll rethink my position. Because you're talking about some serious handicaps there and every Pathfinder is expected to have some degree of self reliance and to pull their weight in a group.
LazarX wrote: That's a fair point, as certain things do stretch the suspension of disbelief of certain players beyond breaking point. In that event a compromise between not playing the character and the objecting player leaving the table needs to be reached. However, I've never witnessed anyones backstory for their character being vetted before letting them play. Given what I've witnessed in real life, I'm also not qualified to comment a-priori on the ability of anyone with any variety of impairment to do a particular job. Further, the character may have been blinded after boot-camp and before their first mission, or may have had access to some form of aid during their training that they no longer have. Both perfectly acceptable story-based reasons for such a character existing. I guess my position is : I'm not prepared to say that there are no blind Pathfinders, because no blind person could be good enough to be a Pathfinder. I would be prepared to say that a specific character backstory was unrealistic, if it came up in the game, and suggest that a player work on it some more just in case it came up in a future game. However, if someone went to the lengths to create such a character I'd expect the backstory to be good enough that my players would go away enjoying having adventured with the character.
LazarX wrote:
Well, considering any oracle can take crippling penalties and call it good for the rest of his/her life with dual cursed, I'd say that blows that out of the water. Hell, my oracle has dual cursed with blindness and tongues (tongues being the curse that doesn't improve) and he's a complete gibbering maniac who is barely capable of forming a thought beyond adoration of the old ones. If he can be a Pathfinder, so can a blind guy.
runescryer wrote: So, why is it set up like this? I can only guess, but I'd say that the reason is probably to make Blindness a more serious condition that is preferable to avoid. It limits the effectiveness of an exploit like 'I stay blinded then get a mage to Craft me a helmet that gives me bat-like echo-location that will eliminate all Concealment caused by visual impairment.' I see that you've put a lot of thought in to this, but I still think you're wrong. This is RAI vs RAW. If the Paizo team had crafted every single sentence with the precision of a ninja turned lawyer, we wouldn't need a category called RAI. But they're human, and there's a lot of sentences; they did a great job but there's always going to be some interpretation issues. Which is where we bring in common sense. My common sense pretty clearly dictates that "Blind-Fight" is useful while under the condition called "Blindness." Call me crazy.
Stonecunning wrote: Except that the Blind curse isn't really blind, and the Tongues curse is so laughably easily worked around that it shouldn't even be on the list. If the Blind curse was Blind like the deaf curse was deaf and if Tongues ripped out your tongue and prevented you from talking *ever* then you might have an argument.. -S
I have made seperate topic for Blind Fight feat and Blinded condition.


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I had these little glitter flower shapes on hand so I thought I'd give it a go with an accent nail. Zoya Marley
They flash all sorts of colors, very cute.
I started with a line of topcoat going down the middle of my nail and placed the flowers one by one. Then I moved on either side of that line following the same pattern. I tried to make them interlock a bit so the pattern was continuous & the whole nail was covered.
This is the containers of the glitter shapes. I got them for $1 each when I made that last haul at Big Lots when I got Revlon Perplex. There are flowers, hearts, and stars. Funny story.... No, I haven't been star crazy and put them on everything to use them up that fast.... I went to pick up the container to move into my light box before this pic. The top stayed in my hand and the bottom piece went flying across the room dumping iridescent stars all over my rug. It looked like a fairy had crash landed! So in the end, note to self, the top does not lock into place on these.... Lol
I wasn't able to seal them entirely with topcoat. There were still bumps here and there that would snag on things, so this look didn't stay on long.
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Dubai Marriott Harbour Hotel & Suites
Al Sufouh Road, Dubai Marina,Post Office Box 66662
Dubai , United Arab Emirates
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Posted: Nov 16, 2012 5:10 AM by Jeff Beamish
Updated: Nov 16, 2012 7:13 AM
TUCSON - A series of guided hikes starts up Sunday at Catalina State Park. Here's the full details on how to sign up:
Register with Volunteer Gaston Meloche at (520) 638-5404 by 4pm at least one day prior to the hike. This pace is moderate. Round-trip mileage, duration and elevation changes are approximate. Hike listings are subject to change. For safety reasons, four hikers are required for a hike to take place. Always bring ample water and wear appropriate headgear and hiking footwear. The time listed is the departure time.
Please arrive 5-10 minutes prior to the departure time. If rain threatens/happens or number less than 4, a hike will be canceled and in such case the leader will phone registered hikers ASAP or about ½ hour before hike time, in case of bad weather. If you have a medical condition and/or are allergic to Aspirin or must take prescribed medication, please inform the guide confidentially.
• November 18: Canyon Loop/Sutherland/50-year trail Big Loop - (9 miles/600 foot elevation at 7:30 am) Sutherland trail, Jeep trail to link with lower half of 50-year trail and return to Equestrian Center. Return to main trailhead via Big Send Wash and Bridle trails.
• November 25: Walter's Cascade, Stock Tank & Loop East Trail - (9-10 miles/500 foot elevation) Meet at main trailhead at 7:30am.
• December 2: Cabin/Dripping Springs/Green Rock/Canyon Trail - (7-8 miles/400 foot elevation) Park at Large Picnic area. Leave at 7:30am and returns to same area.
• December 9: Fifty Year Trail, North End - (9 miles/1400 foot elevation) Meet at the Equestrian Center at 7:30am.
• December 16: Alamo Canyon & West Ridges - (7-8 miles/400 foot elevation) Meet at main trailhead at 7:30am.
• December 23: Catalina's Medium Loop - (8 miles/500 foot elevation) Leave from the Equestrian Center at 7:30am.
• December 30: Park's best known short trails - 7 miles/200 foot elevation) Meet and park at main trailhead at 7:30am.
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SOURCE Class Action Administration, Inc.
SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 27, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- The United States District Court, Northern District of California has granted preliminary approval to a proposed settlement in a class action lawsuit involving sealed glass-fronted gas fireplaces that were manufactured and distributed by Miles Industries, of North Vancouver, Canada. The case is Rotandi v. Miles Industries Ltd. No. 3:11-cv-02146-EDL.
The lawsuit claimed that Miles Industries concealed that the glass fronts of these fireplaces get hot enough to cause serious burns. Miles Industries denies that it did not warn consumers and it denies that it did anything wrong..
Settlement Benefits
Under the terms of the settlement, owners of residences in which Valor fireplaces were installed from January 2007 to August 16, 2013 are eligible to make a claim for a barrier screen. The screen complies with the new CSA/ANSI standard that all gas fireplaces manufacturers will have to meet by 2015.
Who is Eligible?
Class Members are any individual who lives in the United States and owns a home or other residential dwelling that you bought for personal, family or household purposes and that home has one or more Valor brand sealed glass-fronted fireplace(s) manufactured and distributed by Miles Industries, Ltd. of North Vancouver, Canada between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2012 and that was installed between January 1, 2007 and August 16, 2013.
How to Receive a Benefit
To receive a benefit, you must complete and return a claim form to the Settlement Administrator. The deadline to submit a claim form is February 10, 2014. A copy of the claim form can be found on the settlement website, www.MilesFireplaceSettlement.com, or requested from the Settlement Administrator at 1-866-859-7390.
Class Members can exclude themselves from the class so that they are not legally bound by the Settlement. The deadline to exclude yourself is October 25, 2013. If you do not exclude yourself, you will not be able to sue the Defendant for any claim related to the lawsuit.
If you stay in the settlement, you may object to it by October 25, 2013. The court will hold a hearing on December 10, 2013 to consider whether to approve the settlement and a request for attorneys' fees and expenses up to $1,890,000.
For more information, visit www.MilesFireplaceSettlement.com or call the Settlement Administrator toll free at 1-866-859-7390. Please do not contact the Court.
©2012 PR Newswire. All Rights Reserved.


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Screen print sleepshirt
Everybody loves cozy and cute sleepwear! Sleepshirt features scoop neck, long sleeves and fun screen print at front. A great holiday gift!
- 100% cotton
- Imported
- Machine wash in cold water, gentle cycle.
- Do not use chlorine bleach.
- Tumble dry at low temperature.
- Iron at medium setting.
- Can be dry cleaned.


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Pirates 3
by: Indiagames Ltd.
Action - 0.29 MB
The pirate saga continues At Worlds End. Play as Capt.Jack or Will Turner and fight epic battles,find epic booty and follow the action to the ends of the earth. Beat yer foes one on one or ship to ship in 2 game modes,plus 2 unlockable modes.
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MotorWeek, television's longest running automotive series, is in its third decade of reviewing cars, trucks and utilities spanning the needs and dreams of a broad spectrum of buyers. From pure-electric to pure performance, MotorWeek looks at factors mattering most to consumers. But, MotorWeek is more than just a show about new cars. It's also about keeping the car you own running, and keeping pace with the latest automotive lifestyle trends as America continues its love affair with cars.
2012 Drivers' Choice Awards2012 Drivers' Choice Awards2013 Lexus GS 350 & Three-Row Utility Shootout2012 MINI Cooper Coupe & 2012 Toyota Yaris2012 North American International Auto Show & 2011 Kia...2012 Mazda3 SKYACTIV & 2012 Nissan Versa2012 Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Roadster & 2012 Volkswagen Tiguan2012 Porsche 911 & 2012 Buick LaCrosse eAssist2012 Hennessey CTS-V Hammer Wagon & 2011 BMW 1M Coupe2012 Volvo S60 R & 2012 Chevrolet Sonic2012 Chevrolet Corvette Centennial Edition ZR1 & 2012...2012 Mercedes-Benz C250 Sport Coupe & 2012 Buick Verano2012 Jaguar XKR-S & 2012 Prius c2012 Lexus LFA & 2012 Honda CR-V$16K Subcompact Shootout & 2012 BMW 3 Series2012 Fisker Karma & 2012 Audi TT RS2012 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 & 2012 Volkswagen Golf R2013 Infiniti JX & 2012 Jeep Grand Cherokee/Charger SRT82012 Fiat 500 Abarth & 2013 Chevrolet Malibu Eco
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Season 9 Post Show Interviews
Quite a few well known performers dropped by to talk with us after the shows this season.
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Boys' Under Armour Shirt $15 Shipped
Sorry, this deal is expired.
The best deals can go quickly and don't always last as long as we first thought. Prices and inventory can be very fluid. There are many great deals that are still active.
See more active Nordstrom Deals or deals filed under: Kids & Baby Products
Boys' Under Armour Shirt $15 Shipped
This Boys' Under Armour Domineer Shirt drops from $29.99 to $14.98 at Nordstrom.com. Plus, shipping is free. This is the lowest price we found for this shirt by $15. It comes in 2 colors in sizes S-XL. Sales tax is charged in most states.
Related Deals
Nordstrom: Up to 50% off Boots & Booties
Women's Boots and Booties from designers like Michael Kors, Vince Camuto, Via Spiga and more are marked down by up to 50% at Nordstrom.com. Plus, the shipping is free and all orders placed before 12/21 are guaranteed to arrive on or before Christmas Eve. The pictured Michael Kors Arley Boots in sizes 4-12 drop from $274.95 to $199.90 and become the best price we could find for them by $50, or check out these Via Spiga Idelissa Boots in sizes 5-11 that drop from $398 to $198.98. Sales tax is charged in most states.
Sperry Top-Sider Bluefish Boat Shoes $42
These Sperry Top-Sider Bluefish 2-Eye Women's Boat Shoes drop from $84.95 to $42.47 at Nordstrom.com. Plus, shipping is free, making this the lowest price we could find by $17. They feature a leather and fabric upper and are available in sizes 5-12. Sales tax is charged in most states.
Nordstrom: 25% off TOMS Shoes + FS
Save 25% off a selection of TOMS Shoes for a limited time at Nordstrom. Plus, shipping is free on all orders. A best bet is to get the pictured TOMS Women's Classics Umbrella Stripe Slip-On Shoes, which drop from $53.95 to $40.46. This is the lowest price we could find by $4. Note that sizes and color choices are limited for some styles. Sales tax is charged in most states.
Philosophy Gift Sets $21 Shipped by Xmas
Get Philosophy gift sets on sale from $20.80 right now at Nordstrom.com. Plus, you'll get free delivery by Christmas Eve! Check out this Snow Angel Duo and Fruitcake Mix Gift Set which each drop from $26 to $20.80, the only site we found them on sale. Additional options are here. Sales tax is charged in most states.
UGG Krewe Boots $134 Shipped
Get a pair of UGG Krewe Boots, originally $200, for $133.96 at Nordstrom.com in brown or black. Plus, shipping is free, for the lowest price we can find. If your size is sold out, the next lowest price can be found here, here, and here. These boots feature leather uppers and genuine shearling lining. Sales tax is charged in most states. Order by 11pm EST on 12/21 for Xmas delivery with standard shipping.
Michael Kors Arley Boots $200 Shipped
These Michael Kors Arley Boots, normally $274.95, are now $199.90 at Nordstrom.com. Plus, shipping is free, making this 25% discount the lowest price we found by $50, and the lowest price we have seen in a month! The boots are available in black (pictured) and dark coffee (in limited sizes), they have a side zip closure and a leather upper. Sales tax is charged in most states.
Hunter Original Rain Boots $83 Shipped
These Women's Hunter Original Rain Boots in Aubergine drop from $140 to $83.98 at Nordstrom.com. This saves you 40% off the regular price, and it's the best price we found in any color by $21, and one of the few sites we found them in stock under $140. Plus, order by 12/21 to get free delivery by Christmas Eve! Sales tax is charged in most states.
Nordstrom Beauty: 10% Off + Free Shipping
Over a thousand beauty and fragrance items drop in price by 10% at Nordstrom.com, and shipping is always free with any order. What makes this sale special is that it covers rarely discounted brands, like Bobbi Brown and Molton Brown, and that it includes a number of "cult fav" products that are almost never on sale. For instance, Clinique Almost Lipstick in black honey drops from $15 to $13.50, and Bobbi Brown Long-Wear Gel Eyeliner goes from $23 to $20.70. Spend over $150 on beauty products, and you'll get this bag of 20 deluxe samples added to your cart free. Sales tax is charged in most states.
Nordstrom: 33%-50% Off Women's UGGs
Get 33%-50% off select Womens UGG Boots and Shoes for a limited time at Nordstrom. Plus, shipping is free. These are some of the best prices we've seen on these UGG styles. Some best bets are the Bailey Bow Boots which drop from $204.95 to $137.31, the Jocelin Booties which drop from $224.95 to $150.71, or these Castille Boots which drop from $349.95 to $234.46. Quantities are limited, so you can also check out a similar sale going on here, where some of the styles are offered at a similar discount. Sales tax is charged in most states
Nordstrom: 33% Off Select Coach Bags
Gt 33% off select Coach bags right now at Nordstrom.com. Plus, shipping is free. Check out the pictured Saffiano Leather Medium Tote which drops from $298 to $199.66, the lowest price we found by around $60. Order by 3pm ET on 12/23 to get it by Christmas. Sales tax is charged in most states.
Related Coupons
Nordstrom Coupons FREE Cosmetics Clutch, Travel-Sized Bestsellers, + Lifting Moisturizer with $45 Estee Lauder
Get a chic cosmetics clutch, deluxe travel-size bestsellers, and lifting moisturizer (valued up to $160) for FREE when you make a $45 Estée Lauder purchase. Note: While supplies last. (expires November 5, 2014)


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Carrie (Poppy Montgomery) and Al (Dylan Walsh) enjoy some friendly competition at a bowling alley moments before Al's former partner and mentor is gunned down, leading to a series of startling revelations. Photo: David M. Russell/©CBS Broadcasting Inc. 2011. All Rights Reserved. #Unforgettable


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Your clients and colleagues are sure to be impressed by the stately high-class style of our boardroom tables. By creating the proper atmosphere for business, you ensure that your company and its executives get the respect they deserve. Whether you want a traditional look or a contemporary one, we have excellent conference tables for you.
There are a number of locations that can benefit from a conference table. The most obvious one is of course the conference room. This is not, however, the only part of your office where you might want to consider putting one. A large executive suite can often benefit from being furnished with a meeting space in which employees or new clients can assemble.
It is not just office settings that might require a boardroom table. Even schools, houses of worship and other venues should consider this worthwhile purchase. Conference tables can host planning meetings, faculty gatherings or departmental training sessions. When the executive committee or PTA gets together to discuss important decisions, this formal setting will help set the tone.
The right table selection depends on what your particular needs are. You need to think about how many seats you want to have, and how your space can accommodate this arrangement. It is also important to think about how the shapes you are considering will fit in your conference room. Most importantly, you need to make sure that everyone seated around your table will be comfortable. You certainly don't want anyone to feel cramped or have trouble squeezing around the seats to get out of the room.
After you have determined that a conference room table is desired, shape selection can begin. The classic rectangular option creates two prominent positions on either end with plenty of other seats in between. A boat-shaped or racetrack conference table offers the same configuration with slight variations. The boat shape gives each participant that is seated around the table a bit of extra room, while the racetrack option fits better in tighter spaces.
Although most options are built to seat eight or more people, smaller tables are available as well. We have a number of small round conference tables that can fit inside a larger office that doesn't have a completely separate large conference space. They offer the same contemporary or traditional professional styles, but in a more compact design.
There is more to a great meeting space than a great table. You will probably want additional furniture in your boardroom such as a presentation board, lectern and maybe even bookshelves. Whichever furniture you determine to be necessary for your space, it is important to make sure that it matches with your conference table. A coordinated conference space makes a great impression and enhances the professionalism of your company or institution.
Most of Hertz Furniture's conference tables come from great office furniture collections. You can furnish your entire conference room, or even your whole office with lines from DMI, Mayline and Correll. Many collections come in a choice of finishes so you can coordinate your work space in an attractive hue of your choice.
Whether you prefer classic or contemporary conference tables, large or intimate boardroom tables or have any other particular preferences, Hertz Furniture has great options for your company. Our elegant high-quality office furniture will make an excellent impression in any setting. If you need help choosing the best boardroom table or coordinating with the other pieces in your office, contact the Hertz Design Center for free project-planning advice.
- Refined By
Timber-Elite Conference Table (72"Wx36"D)
Bedford Round Conference Table
Bedford Octagonal Table
Bedford Traditional Table (96"Lx42"W)
Solid Wood Tapered Base Round Table (36"D)
Solid Wood Trestle Base Octagonal Table (96"Lx18"W)
Solid Wood Trestle Base Curved-End Table (120"Lx46"W)
Curved Plinth Base Conference Table (72"Lx36"W)
Ergo Octagonal Table (42"Wx42"D)
Round Top Table with Bull-Nose Edge & X-Base (60"D)
Hyperwork Racetrack Conference Table
Round Top Table with Self Edge & X-Base (48"dia.)
Solid Wood Racetrack Conference Table (72"Wx36"D)
Boat Shape Table T-Mold Edge and Slab Base (96"Wx44"D)
Timber-Elite Round Conference Table (48"Wx48"D)
Solid Wood Trestle Base Boat-Shaped Table (72"Lx36"W)
Bedford Round Conf. Table (48"dia.)
Solid Wood Trestle Base Boat-Shaped Table (120"Lx46"W)
Solid Wood Trestle Base Octagonal Table (72"Lx36"W)
Solid Wood Trestle Base Curved-End Table (96"Lx42"W)
When you buy from Hertz Furniture, you don't need to compromise on ideals or preferences. You get great warranties, quality and designs all with the additional benefits American made products. With everything from office desks to school chairs conveniently organized on this one Made in USA page, you can definitely afford to buy American.
There are lots of reasons to look for school furniture that is made in the USA. If we want to teach our students to be patriotic, we need to demonstrate our own patriotism in the classroom. By furnishing a learning space with American made school desks, student chairs and bookcases, we send a message to children that we are proud of our country and our home-grown goods. They will understand that there are many reasons to be proud to be an American.
When you go shopping for furniture made in the USA, make sure to really check the label before purchasing anything. While some companies might claim that they are only using American labor, it is possible that certain steps in the assembly process are happening overseas, or that international parts are being used with the assembly process in America. It is important to demonstrate to manufacturers, the American public and the world that it does make a difference to consumers when they have furniture made in America.
There are tons of benefits to purchasing made in USA furniture. First of all, America has very strict standards regarding pollution in product production. When you buy American, you help keep a cleaner environment for the future of our children. When you purchase products without looking for the made in USA label, you don't know what they might contain or what kinds of conditions they were made under. Products from overseas might have been made under substandard working conditions, in factories which are causing tons of air pollution or using child labor.
American labor standards and worker conditions ensure that your office furniture is only produced under acceptable conditions. Made in the USA products have been manufactured through processes which take into account the safety of the workers, the quality of the products and the impact on the environment. When you buy American, you celebrate our country's independence and promote a self-sufficient economy.
When you buy domestically-produced furniture, you can feel good about your purchase. It's great to know that it was made under particular conditions, in compliance with strict standards. You also know who made it. The production of American made furniture creates jobs for our country's citizens. It is always important to support the American labor force, and buying furniture made in the USA is a mutually-beneficial way to do so.
At Hertz Furniture, we know what is important to the American consumer. With our wide array of American made furniture, you can be patriotic and still rely on the quality, style and reliability you have come to expect from Hertz Furniture. So next time you are looking for furniture made in the USA, you can simply come to this page to buy American. Need help choosing which great models will fit best in your space? The experts in the Hertz Design Center will be happy to help with free project-planning advice.


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...heading out this week?
I plan to take the last part of the week off and do some serious hunting. Wish things were a little cooler, but I'll take what I can get.
Guess it's youth deer season this Saturday and Sunday. In another 7-8 years I'll be able to take my granddaugher.


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Kara Deyermenjian
Kara, a Reading native, is a University of Massachusetts, Amherst graduate with a degree in journalism and concentration in legal studies. Kara played on the Women's Club Soccer team her four years at UMass, and also played soccer and basketball for Reading Memorial High School. Kara also coaches freshman girls' basketball at Reading High, and has one season under her belt.
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Well, on a broad sense...the fronts stagnated particularly at Leningrad and Rshev sectors veeery looong time (between 1-3 years), much more resembling WW1 trench warfare than anywhere else in WW2. Western front mainly saw it´s mobile moments in the period between normandy and Siegfried line campaign (august to september 1944) and off course BotB, as well as final 2 months of the war.
I like and play both i44 and IFL44.


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Upcoming Events
Making Beeswax Candles @ FRB
Franklin Branch Adult Services
Phone: (317) 738-2833
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Make your own beeswax candles! Everyone loves the glow of candlelight. Beeswax is pure and natural, and making rolled beeswax candles couldnt be easier. Drop in anytime between 6:00 and 7:30 p.m. to make your own candle(s) and decorate a votive candle holder. All supplies will be provided. Class is open to adults, teens, and children accompanied by parents.


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Moving toward a transportation system that fuels healthy people and a healthy planet.
Did you know that the number of cars that can plug in is growing? There are 13 all-electric vehicle models scheduled to hit dealerships in 2014, and 10 plug-in hybrid electric models. Compare them using Clean Cities' Light-Duty Vehicle Search.
Clean Cities offers a robust collection of tools and publications that help stakeholders deploy alternative fuels and vehicles. The Light-Duty Vehicle Search is a searchable database that allows users to easily find and compare alternative fuel vehicles.
Until recently, consumers and fleet managers looking for alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) had just a few options available directly from manufacturers. Today, there are more than 17 million light-duty AFVs on the road, and a buyer's options are numerous. For example, the 2014 model year features more than 180 AFV and hybrid electric vehicle models, including more than 85 flex fuel vehicles.
An arm of the U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technologies Office, Clean Cities works with thousands of stakeholders in communities across the country to reduce petroleum use in transportation. Clean Cities' vehicle comparison site helps buyers navigate these options. It lists individual models by fuel type, manufacturer, and class. Better yet, the handy, interactive tool allows you to select multiple vehicles, across multiple model years, and review them in a side-by-side car comparison. Select one or more models and the vehicle comparison site provides key information (e.g., fuel economy, engine size, and transmission type) for each model. A quick link to the Vehicle Cost Calculator lets you estimate the total cost of ownership and emissions.
Search the database to find and compare alternative fuel vehicles and generate printable reports to aid in decision-making. These cars might not qualify for vehicle-acquisition credits under the U.S. Department of Energy's EPAct State and Fuel Provider or Federal Fleet Management programs, so be sure to contact these programs if you have questions about eligible vehicles.
With every quaint clicky-clop of the horse-drawn carriages and bicycles whizzing back and forth downtown, we're not surprised that the lodging options and cuisine of Mackinac Island, Mich., reflects its historical past. Nearly every experience, given the charm of the place, came with stairs to climb, real metal keys needed to open doors, and, sometimes, bats to shoo away (there's a zillion more bats than people residing on the island).
That's not to say what my family and I experienced lacked the travel comforts many are accustomed to these days (AC included). But every bag of luggage, marked with hand-written notes (not barcodes), was delivered by horse-drawn carriage or balanced on top of bicycle handlebars.
My family and I discovered that those in the hospitality business on this small island (Read Part One, "Where Cars are Illegal: Eco-Tourism on Mackinac Island, Michigan") showcase the best of the past, blending it perfectly with modern sensibilities and, by default of it being an island, an ecological awareness to protect and preserve exactly what the millions of visitors come to see and experience every year. Plus, we discovered a few restaurants at Mission Point Resort that serve up uber-local Lake Huron whitefish in a tasty and big way.
Opting for a break from the hustle of Mackinac Island's downtown and feeling that getting dressed up just to eat dinner at The Grand Hotel required too much formality for our tastes, we settled in first at the more laid back Mission Point Resort at the quiet, eastern end of downtown – about a fifteen minute walk from the ferry docks. Its inviting Great Hall, resembling a sixteen-sided tepee constructed in 1956 with 50-foot long Norway pine trusses harvested from nearby Bois Blanc Island, reflects the history of the site before it became a resort in 1988. Cozy fireplaces in the Great Hall, plus Main Lodge and Straits Lodge, were likewise built from limestone quarried on the island. Using local building materials was the norm, in the old days.
"Perhaps what is now our Great Hall answered the prophecy held by Native Americans in the region that one day, on the east of the island, a great tepee will be built where all nations will come to learn of peace," explains General Manager Bradley McCallum, about his present day, 239 room resort that includes bike rentals, swimming pool and putting green for adults and kids alike.
During the 1950s, however, the international Moral Re-Armament (MRA) movement started here, advocating for love and honesty, not communism, during the period after WWII; a museum on site captures its interesting history. An observation tower with four museum floors cover everything from the shipping industry to the movie cult classic, Somewhere in Time, largely filmed on the island and in the sound studio created and used by the MRA.
History aside, there's nothing like kicking back on Mission Point Resort's Adirondack chairs arranged on their spacious lawn overlooking Lake Huron, perhaps after a bicycle ride around the island. At night, we felt as though we could reach out and touch the Milky Way in the crystal clear sky from our comfortable perch. Star-gazing, sometimes accented by the aurora borealis, is hard to be topped. If the aurora borealis isn't bright enough for you, just disappear around the bend into the state park about a minute walk away.
At the other end of the downtown is one of the few remaining Historic Hotels of America, The Grand Hotel, world renowned for its frozen-in-time ambiance and 5-star service. Largely credited for putting the island on the map as a tourism destination – in 1887 -- this 385-room summer hotel features the world's largest front porch, stretching two football fields long.
The Grand Hotel's immaculate gardens, spacious lawns with bocce ball players and a labyrinth mask the hotels green innovations taking place behind the scenes, like their innovative liquid heat-exchangers that redirect the heat created by air conditioning units to heat the swimming pool or their guests' shower water. Due to the historic nature of the hotel, solar panels are out of the question, but water and energy efficiency were not, earning them certification as a Green Lodging Michigan Leader by the Michigan Department of Energy, Labor & Economic Growth. Befitting the Gilded Age the hotel reflects, we had to get dressed up after 6 pm for a 5-course dinner or if we wanted to enjoy some live piano music at their Cupola Bar overlooking the Straits of Mackinac.
Plenty of other family-run bed & breakfasts offer attentive care of travelers, like the cozy Inn on Mackinac, situated in a colorful Victorian-style mansion with breakfasts provided al fresco and surrounded by lush perennial gardens. Decking around its spa area is made from recycled milk jugs. Its porch is perfect to hang out on after exploring the island by bike, on horseback or on foot.
Recycling on Mackinac Island goes way, way back: Back to the time when the soldiers at Fort Mackinac, which perches on a bluff overlooking the tidy and historic downtown, were ordered to "get the lead out" of the area around their targets at the rifle range outside the fort. Being on and island, nothing should go to waste.
Today, aggressive efforts have been undertaken by Mission Point Resort to hand-sort every bag of garbage, a key element in their process of securing a Green Lodging Michigan Leader certification on which they're working. Recyclables with Michigan deposits has turned "trash" into a cash flow while food waste is composted on the island. This same commitment is shared by most businesses, including the Grand Hotel, which hosts over 134,000 guests every year. Of course, flowers and other plants seem to be on growth steroids, thanks to the never-ending supply of horse manure.
While humdrum French dips may still dominate many of the menu boards, Mission Point Resort's three restaurants -- Round Island Bar & Grill, Chianti at Mission Point and Bistro on The Greens – showcase the locally abundant Lake Huron whitefish, prepared in numerous and delicious ways. Our favorite, the Semonlina Dusted Lake Huron Whitefish, prepared with a creamy asparagus risotto and pescatore sauce, captures Executive Chef Keith Schockling's focus on selecting only the freshest fish. He also smokes many of the meats and makes his own pickles served at the restaurants there.
At The Grand Hotel, poolside we cooled off with an old-fashioned snow cone. But it's their lavish lunch buffet or five course dinner in their Main Dining Room that may, on occasion, feature a delicious organic chicken breast or sumptuous ginger squash soup served by white gloved waiters that suggests times are starting to change, even at the Grand.
The need for a quick energy fix can be had with any number of fudge shops dotting the Main Street about every hundred feet. The fudge-makers whip it up right before your eyes, so it can't get any fresher. If you're big on samples and have the time to browse, you can probably walk away with about a half a pound alone.
While Mackinac Island's "greenest" lure may be the bicycle trails, nostalgic appeal of a by-gone time and the complete absence of automobiles, the hospitality shared with guests reflect an attunement to both history and island realities.
John D. Ivanko, with his wife Lisa Kivirist, have co-authored Rural Renaissance, the award-winning ECOpreneuring and Farmstead Chef, along with operating Inn Serendipity B&B and Farm, completely powered by the wind and sun. Both are regular speakers at the MOTHER EARTH NEWS FAIRS. Ivanko writes and contributes photography to MOTHER EARTH NEWS, including most recently, "9 Strategies for Self-Sufficient Living." They live on a farm in southwestern Wisconsin with their son Liam, millions of ladybugs and a 10-kW Bergey wind turbine. Their Inn Serendipity is a finalist for Green America's People & Planet Award; your vote is welcomed by December 2.
As soon as my wife, son and I stepped off the Shepler's Ferry, one of only three ferry services to Mackinac Island, our connection to motorized transport ceased to exist. Since 1898, cars and nearly every other form of motorized, gas-guzzling transportation are illegal on this Michigan island. So, our adventure would be exclusively on foot, by bicycle, in a horse-drawn carriage, or on the back of a horse. Here, the police cruisers are bicycles.
The small island, covering only about 3.8 square miles, is surrounded by the shimmering waters of LakeHuron and to the west, in the distance, the Mackinac Bridge connects the lower and upper peninsula of Michigan. We stepped back to a time before the dominance of the automobile, with both the historical charm captured in the Victorian-style cottages and homes, plus the natural beauty, meticulously preserved.
With Mackinac Island State Park comprising over 80 percent of the island, the popular paved Lake Shore Road, state highway M-185, allows bicyclists, hikers and runners to loop its eight mile circumference to witness nature that's little changed in more than a century. The state park was originally Mackinac National Park (America's second, after Yellowstone) before the State of Michigan took over its stewardship and management in 1895. Back then, soldiers stationed at Fort Mackinac served as the first "park rangers."
Numerous and hilly inland roads and trails cross-cross the island, connecting those on horseback, bicycle, horse-drawn carriage or foot to the island's unique geological formations like Arch Rock and 75-foot-tall Sugar Loaf, or its many historic sites that are mostly confined to the bluffs along the southern side of the island.
"It's a great family ride to loop the island on its perimeter," says Carl Reddes, owner of the Mackinac Cycle Bicycle Rental. He set us up with their 21-speed Specialized Comfort Mountain Bikes, necessary if you're headed to the hilly interior of the island like we were. "If you're at all into biking, you need to get into the center of the island. That's where you get to really know the place." Darn great workout, too. Our favorite stretch was Leslie Avenue, once used as a logging road, now a twisty, ridge top trail that weaves through the lush forests.
To reach every nook, crook and hotspot on the island, pedal power is the way to go. With over 83 miles of paved, gravel or dirt trails wiggling through the island, a good island map is all that's needed. On the perimeter ride, we cooled off with a dip in the lake near the northernmost tip of the island (another popular spot is at British Landing), and stopped more than once to add a pebble to the rock cairns that rise up from the shoreline, constructed by the island's visitors.
From the boardwalk that stretches along the western edge of the island to the more than 200 geocaching sites to the spectacular cottages on both the eastern and western bluffs — plus the immaculately preserved Fort Mackinac made famous by the War of 1812 — the island is perfect for hoofing it on foot. The immensely walkable and picturesque downtown area can be traversed from Mission Point Resort on one end to The Grand Hotel at the other in less than a half an hour.
To get around only slightly quicker, or tour some of the more unique natural wonders or historic sites without breaking a sweat, reserve a spot on a horse-drawn carriage tour. "Sometimes the radiator leaks and exhaust occasionally backfires," laughs Rachel, our tour guide with Mackinac Island Carriage Tours as she led our team of horses up the steep hill by The Grand Hotel. Or you can saddle up at numerous liveries that offer guided or private rides, depending on your experience and skill level; private horse and buggies also available — if you want the horses to do all the work.
The newest, non-motorized, way to experience the island's beauty is from the water in a kayak from Great Turtle Kayak Tours. Guided by Kwame Jarrett, our small group of four paddled away, heading west out of the harbor for the three hour Sunset Tour.
Having kayaked through the mangroves in the Florida Keys, it didn't take me long to settle in and get into the groove, enjoying the peace and quiet of our journey about two hundred feet off shore. We grabbed some spectacular photos of the western bluff (with a GoPro), then watched the sun drop behind the Mackinac Bridge before returning to the harbor at dusk, the bustling downtown lights shimmering off the water. Fitness, fresh air, adventure and fun sums up my kayak excursion perfectly.
"Everyone gets a quick taste of the unique and expansive perspective of our island and Lake Huron on the ferry boat ride over," explains Paul Spata, owner of Great Turtle Kayak Tours. "That is simply not enough for most, and they crave a more personalized and immersive experience on the water."
Other trips offered include a loop to view Arch Rock and the opportunity to glide over underwater limestonecaves or, with their Harbor Tour, a chance to come face to face with the resident otters that tend to congregate around the breaker rock protecting the harbor. Stand-up paddleboards are also available.
Should a time ever pass where the fuel pumps run dry, Mackinac Island offers a refreshingly positive perspective of an idyllic place where more than a million visitors arrive every year to enjoy nature and immerse themselves in history -- voluntarily leaving their beloved car behind. Next week, I'll reveal how this island approaches hospitality.
Presented by Recargo with help from PlugShare and PluginCars.com, this infographic reveals exciting new statistics on electric vehicle charging stations on the North American continent. View the full infographic on the Recargo website.
There were a mere 1,972 electric car charging stations inside the United States in January of 2011. Just two years later, in May 2013, a recount discovered 20,138 electric vehicle charging stations. California sits at the top of the states' list, with the highest number of EV charging stations in the country. In short, the availability for plugging in has gone off the charts.
Correlating with this increase in EV stations is the number of electric cars and plug-in hybrids in operation. Electric cars are charging onto the scene, and their numbers are consistently rising. According to Recargo, "By the end of 2013, there will be more than 170,000 plug-in vehicles on U.S. roads." The number of charging stations will also continue to rise to support this boom in EV popularity, allowing EV drivers the freedom and ease to travel about the country.
Another encouraging fact is that plug-sharing has also increased from 2,808 shared charging stations in January 2012 to 4,785 shared stations in May 2013. Plug-sharing is exactly what it sounds like: Residents allow others to use their personal charging stations through the charging station finding tool known as PlugShare. This tool not only encourages growth in the number of EVs around the country, but also fosters a sense of community among EV owners.
I like to be a law abiding guy. I want to be a good example, plus the police only give you so many mulligans before they stop giving warnings and start giving tickets. Then again, I really hate dumb laws, and there are plenty of traffic laws which made good sense once but have since reached their sell-by date. I hope I live to be 90, because I want to be able to say "I told you so" in 25 years, when all new cars are streamlined and efficient, and front license plates are reserved for Jay Leno's Garage and 4th of July parades. Front plates were fine on Model Ts, and they don't hurt much on most 20th Century automobiles, but someday they'll be as quaint as engine cranks and manual chokes and exterior rear view mirrors.
But meanwhile, the law is the law, so I wrote this letter to the head of our state's DoT., Matthew Garrett, Director, Oregon Department of Transportation.
Dear Mr. Garrett,
I am requesting an exemption to Oregon Vehicle Code ORS 803.540(1)(b) for my vehicle license number MAX MPG, primarily because the front license plate reduces my fuel economy by three miles per gallon. Please see attached photo.
Many Oregon custom car owners skirt this rule in one fashion or another, by mounting their front license plate behind their windshield or recessing the plate to fit into their grill or hood, or (as I've done for the last 100,000 miles) by not mounting the front license plate at all. It has never been a practical issue for me, and I've never had an officer ticket, warn, or even comment about my infraction, but as a law abiding driver (and hopefully, as a good example to other drivers) I would like an exemption, variance or waiver so I can hold my head high when discussing the features of my design.
My objective in building this custom car was to achieve 100 miles per gallon in a practical highway vehicle. Thanks to its light weight, small size, and streamlining, my car cruises at 55mph at 100 miles per gallon, which is pretty spectacular in this day and age. The streamlining is the most important factor in this equation, and clean airflow over the car's nose is essential for drag reduction. The front license plate disrupts the airflow at the very front of the car, and increases aerodynamic drag all the way from nose to windshield. Also, the turbulence generated by the license plate interferes with airflow to the radiator, which may cause overheating problems or may require me to enlarge the cooling air opening below the plate, which will further increase drag.
Here are my best arguments for why this car does not need a front license plate, and is indeed better off without one:
Many states do not issue front license plates, and Oregon deals with visitors' vehicles with no apparent difficulty. I understand the advantages of a front license plate for the convenience of, for example, parking enforcement, but the folks who write the tickets are used to walking around to the back of the car when they must. Besides, my car is very small and it's not much of a walk.
This car is white, and does not need a reflective front plate to be visible in another car's headlights.
While I have no intention of striking a pedestrian or bicyclist, neither does anyone else and it does happen. My car is one of the safest cars ever made as far as outside parties are concerned. This car weighs a modest 1300 pounds and every facet of the front of the car is rounded. If a front license plate is mounted, the plate will be the only sharp object at point of impact.
Seriously, the front license decreases this car's fuel efficiency by 3% (5% when mounted upright) at freeway speed. If every car were as streamlined as mine and every car lost three miles per gallon with a front license plate, front license plates would be against the law. I'm not asking you to outlaw front license plates, I merely ask you to make an exception for mine, so I can continue my pursuit of high fuel efficiency without feeling like a scofflaw.
James D. McCornack
This article was posted on the Tesla blog on Oct. 4, 2013.
Earlier this week, a Tesla Model S traveling at highway speed struck a large metal object, causing significant damage to the vehicle. A curved section that fell off a semi-trailer was recovered from the roadway near where the accident occurred and, according to the road crew that was on the scene, appears to be the culprit. The geometry of the object caused a powerful lever action as it went under the car, punching upward and impaling the Model S with a peak force on the order of 25 tons. Only a force of this magnitude would be strong enough to punch a three-inch diameter hole through the quarter-inch armor plate protecting the base of the vehicle.
The Model S owner was nonetheless able to exit the highway as instructed by the onboard alert system, bring the car to a stop and depart the vehicle without injury. A fire caused by the impact began in the front battery module – the battery pack has a total of 16 modules — but was contained to the front section of the car by internal firewalls within the pack. Vents built into the battery pack directed the flames down towards the road and away from the vehicle.
When the fire department arrived, they observed standard procedure, which was to gain access to the source of the fire by puncturing holes in the top of the battery's protective metal plate and applying water. For the Model S lithium-ion battery, it was correct to apply water (vs. dry chemical extinguisher), but not to puncture the metal firewall, as the newly punctured holes allowed the flames to then vent upwards into the front trunk section of the Model S. Nonetheless, a combination of water followed by dry chemical extinguisher quickly brought the fire to an end.
It is important to note that the fire in the battery was contained to a small section near the front by the internal firewalls built into the pack structure. At no point did fire enter the passenger compartment.
Had a conventional gasoline car encountered the same object on the highway, the result could have been far worse. A typical gasoline car only has a thin metal sheet protecting the underbody, leaving it vulnerable to destruction of the fuel supply lines or fuel tank, which causes a pool of gasoline to form and often burn the entire car to the ground. In contrast, the combustion energy of our battery pack is only about 10% of the energy contained in a gasoline tank and is divided into 16 modules with firewalls in between. As a consequence, the effective combustion potential is only about 1 percent that of the fuel in a comparable gasoline sedan.
The nationwide driving statistics make this very clear: there are 150,000 car fires per year according to the National Fire Protection Association, and Americans drive about 3 trillion miles per year according to the Department of Transportation. That equates to one vehicle fire for every 20 million miles driven, compared to one fire in over 100 million miles for Tesla. This means you are 5 times more likely to experience a fire in a conventional gasoline car than a Tesla!
For consumers concerned about fire risk, there should be absolutely zero doubt that it is safer to power a car with a battery than a large tank of highly flammable liquid, and at Tesla Motors safety is top priority.
Elon Musk
Below is Tesla's email correspondence with the Model S owner who experienced the fire, reprinted with his permission:
From: Robert Carlson Sent: Thursday, October 03, 2013 12:53 PM To: Jerome Guillen Subject: carlson 0389
Mr. Guillen, Thanks for the support. I completely agree with the assessment to date. I guess you can test for everything, but some other celestial bullet comes along and challenges your design. I agree that the car performed very well under such an extreme test. The batteries went through a controlled burn, which the internet images really exaggerate. Anyway, I am still a big fan of your car and look forward to getting back into one. Justin offered a white loaner, for which I am thankful. I am also an investor and have to say that the response I am observing is really supportive of the future for electric vehicles. I was thinking this was bound to happen, just not to me. But now it is out there and probably gets a sigh of relief as a test and risk issue — this "doomsday" event has now been tested, and the car safety design and engineering works.
Rob Carlson
On Oct 3, 2013, at 12:29 PM, Jerome Guillen wrote:
Dear Mr. Carlson: I am the VP of sales and service for Tesla, reporting directly to Elon Musk, Tesla's CEO.
I am sorry to hear that you experienced a collision in your Model S two days ago. We are happy that the Model S performed in such a way that you were not injured in the accident and that nobody else was hurt.
I believe you have been in contact with Justin Samson, our service manager, since the accident. We are following this case extremely closely and we have sent a team of experts to review your vehicle. All indications are that your Model S drove over a large, oddly-shaped metal object which impacted the leading edge of the vehicle's undercarriage and rotated into the underside of the vehicle ("pole vault" effect). This is a highly uncommon occurrence.
Based on our review thus far, we believe that the Model S performed as designed by limiting the resulting fire to the affected zones only. Given the significant intensity of the impact, which managed to pierce the quarter-inch bottom plate (something that is extremely hard to do), the Model S energy-containment functions operated correctly. In particular, the top cover of the battery provided a strong barrier and there was no apparent propagation of the fire into the cabin. This ensured cabin integrity and occupant safety, which remains our most important goal.
We very much appreciate your support, patience and understanding while we proceed with the investigation. Justin keeps me closely informed. Please feel free to contact me directly, if you have any questions or concerns.
Best regards, Jerome Guillen, VP, WW sales and service
The technology used for gauging street use may now be employed to keep track of a shift to alternative modes of transportation — specifically, walking. Pedestrian use is one of the key forms of transportation that larger cities are focusing on. With more people walking and biking in heavy traffic, it's becoming more important to keep them safe.
In an article by Jeff McMahon for Forbes, Stephen Smith of Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute states, "We've heard about detection technologies that enable to us to detect bikes, and we're looking at buses and pedestrians. We have the detection technologies that allow us to model pedestrians, vehicles, bikers and transit in an integrated way."
Through the use of these detection technologies, pedestrian use of the streets can be tracked and people can be kept safe from drivers that tend to speed or run through red lights. "Automated speed-limit control will slow cars, making streets safer for pedestrians," said Chicago Transportation Commissioner Gabe Klein. He also noted that fatalities have declined 60 percent at intersections equipped with red-light cameras.
At the Complete Streets Symposium Klein stated, "People should feel like there might be a camera right on every corner. And some people might say well gosh that sounds like a police state. But we have too many kids in particular and people from all walks of life who are hit by cars. We've got to change that. More than 38 percent of Chicagoans travel in something other than a personal car, typically by bus, train, bicycle or on foot. The city plans to increase that number to 50 percent by 2030 by making streets friendlier to alternative modes."
With an increase in foot traffic and cyclists in busy cities, the need for more detection technologies will be necessary, not only for the alternate transportation folks, but also for drivers. So if you're a walker or a cyclist, keep a close watch for other drivers who might not being paying attention at intersections.
Adventure Cycling Association
Bikes Belong
Complete Streets
Drive On Wood
League of American Bicyclists
Safe Routes to School
Rails to Trails Conservancy
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Reasons to Visit Sri Lanka
The Cultural Triangle contains some of Sri Lanka's finest historical sites, including the ancient capitals of Pollonaruwa and Anuradhapura. These vast complexes house temples, palaces, wonderful carvings and huge stupas. Equally jaw-dropping is the Rock Fort of Sigiriya which offers 360° views, more than justifying the climb to the top!
Sri Lanka is famous for its idyllic beaches which stretch from the undeveloped eastern coast all the way around to the west near Colombo. The beaches and the accommodation vary from small intimate boutiques to luxurious resorts on private beaches and larger hotels in more bustling places.
No trip to Sri Lanka is complete without seeing some of its abundant wildlife. The best places to enjoy this are Uda Walawe, Yala, and Minneriya National Park. Here you can enjoy an exciting jeep safari which takes you close to wild elephants, crocodiles and even the illusive leopard.
Sri Lanka rises up from the coast to the hills, a rolling landscape dotted with tea bushes, and interlaced with streams and waterfalls. The lush landscape and cool climate prove to be an ideal combination for tea and Sri Lanka has long been a pilgrimage site for tea planters and tourists looking for the perfect cuppa!
Brightly painted elephants, fireworks, beating drums, and twirling dancers - Sri Lanka's festivals are as colourful and elaborate as the temples they centre on. The country's largest festival, the Kandy Perahera revolves around the Buddhist Temple of the Tooth which is a must-see on any visit to Sri Lanka.
Some of the country's finest sandy beaches and quiet coves are found along the southern coast. Palm trees and brightly painted fishing boats on the shoreline complete the idyllic scene.
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Indian Subcontinent
With Audley, where you stay is very much part of the experience. Wherever possible we try to track down characterful accommodation. We regularly inspect the accommodation we use, updating our knowledge on existing properties and researching new alternatives
Here we feature some of our most interesting properties, although we recommend and use many others to suit all budgets and tastes.
Nuwara Eliya
Further reading:Tours in Sri LankaWhen to GoHighlightsItinerary IdeasPlaces to GoThings to DoAbout Sri LankaCountry Guides
Other countries in The Indian Subcontinent:BhutanIndiaNepalThe Maldives


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