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Shawnee portraits | |
Total population | |
14,000 (7,584 enrolled)[1] | |
Regions with significant populations | |
Oklahoma[1] | |
Languages | |
Shawnee, English | |
Religion | |
traditional beliefs and Christianity | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Sac and Fox (Mesquakie) |
The Shawnee or Shawnee nation (Shaawanwaki, Ša˙wano˙ki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki[2]) are an Algonquian-speaking people native to North America. In colonial times they were a semi-migratory Native American nation, at times inhabiting areas spanning present-day Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia, Western Maryland, South Carolina, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, and Pennsylvania in the United States. Today there are three federally recognized Shawnee tribes: Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma, Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, and Shawnee Tribe, all of which are headquartered in Oklahoma.
Many thousands of years ago groups known as Paleo-Indians lived in what today is referred to as the American Midwest. These groups were hunter-gatherers who hunted a wide range of animals, including the megafauna, which became extinct following the end of the Pleistocene age. Scholars believe that Paleo-Indians were specialized, highly mobile foragers who hunted late Pleistocene fauna such as bison, mastodons, caribou, and mammoths.
Shawnee mound builder origins[edit]
Some scholars believe that the Shawnee are descendants of the people of the precontact Fort Ancient culture of the Ohio region, although this is not universally accepted.[3][4][5] Fort Ancient culture flourished from 1000 to 1650 CE among a people who predominantly inhabited lands along the Ohio River in areas of southern Ohio, northern Kentucky and western West Virginia. The Fort Ancient culture was once thought to have been an expansion of the Mississippian culture. Scholars now believe Fort Ancient culture developed independently and was descended from the Hopewell culture (100 BCE—500 CE), also a mound builder people.
The group of cultures collectively called Mound Builders were succeeding precontact societies in North America who constructed various styles of complex, massive earthworks: earthen mounds for burial, elite residential, and ceremonial purposes. These included the Pre-Columbian cultures of the Archaic period, Woodland period (Adena, Hopewell, Fort Ancient culture and the Mississippian cultures, dating from roughly 3000 BCE to the 16th century CE, and living in regions of the Great Lakes, the Ohio River valley, and the Mississippi River valley and its tributaries, extending into the Southeast of the present-day United States.[6]
Uncertainty surrounds the eventual fate of the Fort Ancient people. Most likely their society, like the Mississippian culture to the south, was severely disrupted by waves of epidemics from new infectious diseases carried by the very first Spanish explorers in the 16th century.[7] After 1525 at Madisonville, the type site, the village's house size becomes smaller and fewer with evidence to be "a less horticulture-centered, sedentary way of life".[7][8] There is a gap in the archaeological record between the most recent Fort Ancient sites and the oldest sites of the Shawnee, who occupied the area at the time of later European (French and English) explorers. It is generally accepted that similarities in material culture, art, mythology, and Shawnee oral history linking them to the Fort Ancient peoples can be used to establish the shift of Fort Ancient society into historical Shawnee society.[9]
The Shawnee traditionally considered the Lenape (or Delaware) as their "grandfathers." The Algonquian nations of present-day Canada regarded the Shawnee as their southernmost branch. Along the East Coast, the Algonquian-speaking tribes were mostly located in coastal areas, from Quebec to the Carolinas. Algonquian languages have words similar to the archaic shawano (now: shaawanwa) meaning "south". However, the stem shaawa- does not mean "south" in Shawnee, but "moderate, warm (of weather)". In one Shawnee tale, Shaawaki is the deity of the south.
17th century[edit]
Europeans reported encountering Shawnee over a widespread geographic area. One of the earliest mentions of the Shawnee may be a 1614 Dutch map showing some Sawwanew located just east of the Delaware River. Later 17th-century Dutch sources also place them in this general location. Accounts by French explorers in the same century usually located the Shawnee along the Ohio River, where they encountered them on forays from Canada and the Illinois Country.[10]
A Shawneee town might have from forty to one hundred bark-covered houses similar in construction to Iroquois longhouses. Each village usually had a meeting house or council house, perhaps sixty to ninety feet long, where public deliberations took place.[11]
According to one European legend, some Shawnee were descended from a party sent by Chief Opechancanough, ruler of the Powhatan Confederacy 1618–1644, to settle in the Shenandoah Valley. The party was led by his son, Sheewa-a-nee.[12] Edward Bland, an explorer who accompanied Abraham Wood's expedition in 1650, wrote that in Opechancanough's day, there had been a falling-out between the "Chawan" chief and the weroance of the Powhatan (also a relative of Opechancanough's family). He said the latter had murdered the former.[13] The Shawnees were "driven from Kentucky in the 1670s" by Iroquois fur wars.[11] The explorers Batts and Fallam in 1671 reported that the Shawnee were contesting control of the Shenandoah Valley with the Haudenosaunee Confederacy ("Five Nations") in that year, and were losing.
Sometime before 1670, a group of Shawnee migrated to the Savannah River area. The English based in Charles Town, South Carolina were contacted by these Shawnee in 1674. They forged a long-lasting alliance. The Savannah River Shawnee were known to the Carolina English as "Savannah Indians". Around the same time, other Shawnee groups migrated to Florida, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and other regions south and east of the Ohio country.
The historian Alan Gallay speculates that the Shawnee migrations of the middle to late 17th century were probably driven by the Beaver Wars, which began in the 1640s. The Shawnee became known for their widespread settlements from modern Illinois and New York to Georgia. Among their known villages were Eskippakithiki, Sonnionto, and Suwanee, Georgia. Their language became a lingua franca for trade among numerous tribes. They became leaders among the tribes, initiating and sustaining pan-Indian resistance to European and Euro-American expansion.[14]
18th century[edit]
By the time European-American settlers began to arrive in the Shenandoah Valley (c. 1730), the Shawnee were the main residents of the northern part of the valley, but they were claimed as tributaries by the Six Nations, who had also resettled some of the Tuscarora from North Carolina in the vicinity of what is now Martinsburg, West Virginia. Also at this time, Seneca war parties often fought pitched battles with pursuing bands of Catawba who would overtake them in the Shawnee-inhabited regions of the Valley.
Prior to 1754, the Shawnee had a headquarters at Shawnee Springs at modern-day Cross Junction, Virginia near Winchester. The father of the later chief Cornstalk held his court there. Several other Shawnee villages existed in the Shenandoah Valley: at Moorefield, West Virginia, on the North River, and on the Potomac at Cumberland, Maryland. In 1753, the Shawnee on the Scioto River on the Ohio country sent messengers to those still in the Shenandoah Valley to leave Virginia and cross the Alleghenies to join them, which they did the following year.[15][16]
Ever since the Beaver Wars, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy ("Five Nations") had claimed the Ohio Country as their hunting ground by right of conquest, and treated the Shawnee and Delaware who resettled there as dependent tribes. Some independent Iroquois bands from various tribes also migrated westward, where they became known in Ohio as the Mingo. These three tribes—the Shawnee, the Delaware, and the Mingo—then became closely associated with one another, despite the differences in their languages. The first two were Algonguian speaking and the third Iroquoian.
After taking part in the first phase of the French and Indian War (also known as "Braddock's War") as allies of the French,[17] the Shawnee switched sides in 1758, making formal peace with the British colonies at the Treaty of Easton which recognized the Allegheny Ridge (the Eastern Divide) as their mutual border. This peace only lasted until Pontiac's War erupted in 1763, although later that year the Proclamation of 1763 came from London, legally confirming the 1758 border.
The Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768, however, extended that line westwards, giving the British a claim to what is now West Virginia and Kentucky. The Shawnee did not agree to this treaty: it was negotiated between British officials and the Haudenosaunee Confederacy ("Six Nations"), who claimed sovereignty over the land, although Shawnee and other Native American tribes also hunted there.
After the Stanwix treaty, Anglo-Americans began pouring into the Ohio River Valley for settlement. Violent incidents between settlers and Indians escalated into Dunmore's War in 1774. British diplomats managed to isolate the Shawnee during the conflict: the Iroquois and the Delaware stayed neutral. The Shawnee faced the British colony of Virginia with only a few Mingo allies. Lord Dunmore, royal governor of Virginia, launched a two-pronged invasion into the Ohio Country. The Shawnee chief Cornstalk attacked one wing but fought to a draw in the only major battle of the war, the Battle of Point Pleasant.
In the Treaty of Camp Charlotte ending this war (1774), Cornstalk and the Shawnee were compelled to recognize the same Ohio River boundary established with the Haudenosaunee Confederacy ("Six Nations") by the 1768 Fort Stanwix treaty, thus giving all Shawnee claim to the "hunting grounds" of West Virginia and Kentucky to the Virginia Colony. Many other Shawnee leaders refused to recognize this boundary, however, and a Shawnee party attacked Daniel Boone in Kentucky in 1775. Virginia declared independence from the British crown in that year. When the American Revolutionary War broke out in earnest in 1776, several Shawnee chiefs advocated joining the war as British allies, hoping to drive the colonists back across the mountains. The Shawnee were divided: Cornstalk led those who wished to remain neutral, while war leaders such as Chief Blackfish and Blue Jacket joined the Chickamauga against the colonists during the Chickamauga Wars (1776-1794).
After the Revolution, in the Northwest Indian War between the United States and a confederation of Native American tribes, the Shawnee combined with the Miami into a great fighting force. After the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, most of the Shawnee bands signed the Treaty of Greenville the next year. They were forced to cede large parts of their homeland to the new United States. Other Shawnee groups rejected this treaty and migrated to Missouri, where they settled near Cape Girardeau.
Tecumseh's War and the War of 1812[edit]
In the early 19th century, the Shawnee leader Tecumseh gained renown for organizing his namesake confederacy to oppose American expansion in Native American lands. The resulting conflict came to be known as Tecumseh's War. The two principal adversaries in the conflict, Tecumseh and William Henry Harrison, had both been junior participants in the Battle of Fallen Timbers at the close of the Northwest Indian Wars in 1794. Tecumseh was not among the Native American signers of the Treaty of Greenville, which had ended the war, when the Shawnee and other Native Americans ceded much of their historic territory in present-day Ohio to the United States. However, many Indian leaders in the region accepted the Greenville terms, and for the next ten years pan-tribal resistance to American hegemony faded.
In September 1809 William Henry Harrison, then governor of the Indiana Territory, invited the Pottawatomie, Lenape, Eel River people, and the Miami to a meeting in Fort Wayne, Indiana. In the negotiations, Harrison promised large subsidies and payments to the tribes if they would cede the lands he was asking for.[18] After two weeks of negotiating, the Pottawatomie leaders convinced the Miami to accept the treaty as reciprocity, because the Pottawatomie had earlier accepted treaties less advantageous to them at the request of the Miami. Finally the tribes signed the Treaty of Fort Wayne on September 30, 1809, thereby selling the United States over 3,000,000 acres (approximately 12,000 km²), chiefly along the Wabash River north of Vincennes, Indiana.[18]
Tecumseh was outraged by the Treaty of Fort Wayne, believing that American Indian land was owned in common by all tribes, an idea advocated in previous years by the Shawnee leader Blue Jacket and the Mohawk leader Joseph Brant.[19] In response, Tecumseh began to expand on the teachings of his brother, known as The Prophet, who called for the tribes to return to their ancestral ways. He began to associate the teachings with the idea of a pan-tribal alliance. Tecumseh began to travel widely, urging warriors to abandon the accommodationist chiefs and to join the resistance at Prophetstown.[19]
In August 1810, Tecumseh led 400 armed warriors to confront Governor Harrison in Vincennes. Tecumseh demanded that Harrison nullify the Fort Wayne treaty, threatening to kill the chiefs who had signed it.[20] Harrison refused, stating that the Miami were the owners of the land and could sell it if they so chose.[21] Tecumseh left peacefully, but warned Harrison that he would seek an alliance with the British unless the treaty was nullified.[22]
In March 1811 a comet appeared. Tecumseh, whose name (Tekoomsē) meant "Shooting Star" or "Panther Across The Sky",[23] was traveling throughout the Southeast to build alliances with the tribes; he told the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Muscogee, and many others that the comet signaled his coming. McKenney reported that Tecumseh would prove that the Great Spirit had sent him by giving them a sign. Shortly after Tecumseh left the Southeast, the "sign" arrived in the form of an earthquake.
During the next year, tensions between colonists and the Native Americans to rise quickly. Four settlers were murdered on the Missouri River and, in another incident, natives seized a boatload of supplies from a group of traders. Harrison summoned Tecumseh to Vincennes to explain the actions of his allies.[22] In August 1811, Tecumseh met with Harrison at Vincennes, assuring him that the Shawnee brothers meant to remain at peace with the United States. Tecumseh then traveled to the south on a mission to recruit allies among the "Five Civilized Tribes."
In the months following his meeting with Tecumseh, Harrison assembled a small force of army regulars and militiamen in preparation to combat the Native forces.[24] On November 6, 1811, Harrison led this army of about 1,000 men to Prophetstown, in hopes of dispersing Tecumseh's confederacy.[25] Early next morning, forces under The Prophet attacked Harrison's army, in the Battle of Tippecanoe. Though outnumbered, Harrison repulsed the attack, forcing the Natives to retreat and abandon Prophetstown. Harrison's men burned the town and returned home.[26]
On December 11, 1811, the New Madrid Earthquake shook the Muscogee lands and the Midwest. While the interpretation of this event varied from tribe to tribe, they agreed that the powerful earthquake had to have meant something. The earthquake and its aftershocks helped the Tecumseh resistance movement as the Muscogee and other Native American tribes believed it was a sign that the Shawnee must be supported.
" | The Indians were filled with great terror ... the trees and wigwams shook exceedingly; the ice which skirted the margin of the Arkansas river was broken into pieces; and the most of the Indians thought that the Great Spirit, angry with the human race, was about to destroy the world. | " |
—Roger L. Nichols, The American Indian |
The Muscogee who joined Tecumseh's confederation were known as the Red Sticks. The Red Sticks were also involved in an internal conflict, leading to the Creek War, which became part of the War of 1812 when open conflict broke out between American soldiers and the Creek.[27]
Portraits of the Choctaw chief Pushmataha (left) and Tecumseh. —Pushmataha, 1811 – Sharing Choctaw History.[28] —Tecumseh, 1811 – The Portable North American Indian Reader.[29] |
After Hull's surrender of Detroit, General William Henry Harrison was given command of the U.S. Army of the Northwest. He set out to retake the city, then defended by the British Colonel Henry Procter together with Tecumseh. A detachment of Harrison's army was defeated at Frenchtown along the River Raisin on January 22, 1813. Procter left the prisoners with an inadequate guard; they could not prevent some of his North American aboriginal allies from attacking and killing perhaps as many as 60 Americans, many of whom were Kentucky militiamen.[30] The Americans called the incident the "River Raisin Massacre." The defeat ended Harrison's campaign against Detroit, and the phrase "Remember the River Raisin!" became a rallying cry for the Americans.
In May 1813, Procter and Tecumseh set siege to Fort Meigs in northern Ohio. American reinforcements arriving during the siege were defeated by the natives, but the fort held out. The Indians eventually began to disperse, forcing Procter and Tecumseh to return to Canada. Their second offensive in July against Fort Meigs also failed. To improve Indian morale, Procter and Tecumseh attempted to storm Fort Stephenson, a small American post on the Sandusky River, only to be repulsed with serious losses; this marked the end of the Ohio campaign.
On Lake Erie, the American commander Captain Oliver Hazard Perry fought the Battle of Lake Erie on September 10, 1813. His decisive victory ensured American control of the lake, improved American morale after a series of defeats, and compelled the British to fall back from Detroit. General Harrison launched another invasion of Upper Canada, which culminated in the U.S. victory at the Battle of the Thames on October 5, 1813, in which Tecumseh was killed. Tecumseh's death effectively ended the North American indigenous alliance with the British in the Detroit region. American control of Lake Erie meant the British could no longer provide essential military supplies to their aboriginal allies, who dropped out of the war. The Americans controlled the area during the conflict.
The Shawnee in Missouri became known as the "Absentee Shawnee". Several hundred members of this tribe left the United States, together with some Delaware, to settle in the eastern part of Spanish Texas. Although closely allied with the Cherokee led by The Bowl, their chief John Linney remained neutral during the 1839 Cherokee War. In appreciation, Texan president Mirabeau Lamar fully compensated the Shawnee for their improvements and crops when funding their removal north to Arkansaw Territory.[31] The Shawnee settled close to present-day Shawnee, Oklahoma. They were joined by Shawnee from Kansas who shared their traditionalist views and beliefs.
In 1817, the Ohio Shawnee signed the Treaty of Fort Meigs, ceding their remaining lands in exchange for three reservations in Wapaughkonetta, Hog Creek (near Lima) and Lewistown, Ohio. They shared these lands with the Seneca.
Missouri joined the Union in 1821. After the Treaty of St. Louis in 1825, the 1,400 Missouri Shawnee were forcibly relocated from Cape Girardeau to southeastern Kansas, close to the Neosho River.
During 1833, only Black Bob's band of Shawnee resisted removal. They settled in northeastern Kansas near Olathe and along the Kansas (Kaw) River in Monticello near Gum Springs. The Shawnee Methodist Mission was built nearby to minister to the tribe. About 200 of the Ohio Shawnee followed the prophet Tenskwatawa and joined their Kansas brothers and sisters in 1826.
The main body followed Black Hoof, who fought every effort to force the Shawnee to give up their Ohio homeland. In 1831, the Lewistown group of Seneca–Shawnee left for the Indian territory (present-day Oklahoma). After the death of Black Hoof, the remaining 400 Ohio Shawnee in Wapaughkonetta and Hog Creek surrendered their land and moved to the Shawnee Reserve in Kansas.
In the 1853 Indian Appropriations Bill, Congress appropriated $64,366 for treaty obligations to the Shawnee such as annuities, education, and other services. An additional $2,000 was appropriated for the Seneca and the Shawnee together.[32]
During the American Civil War, Black Bob's band fled from Kansas and joined the "Absentee Shawnee" in Oklahoma to escape the war. After the Civil War, the Shawnee in Kansas were expelled and forced to move to northeastern Oklahoma. The Shawnee members of the former Lewistown group became known as the "Eastern Shawnee".
The former Kansas Shawnee became known as the "Loyal Shawnee" (some say this is because of their allegiance with the Union during the war; others say this is because they were the last group to leave their Ohio homelands). The latter group was regarded as part of the Cherokee Nation by the United States because they were also known as the "Cherokee Shawnee". In 2000 the "Loyal" or "Cherokee" Shawnee finally received federal recognition independent of the Cherokee Nation. They are now known as the "Shawnee Tribe". Today, most of the members of the Shawnee nation still reside in Oklahoma.
Before contact with Europeans, the Shawnee tribe consisted of a loose confederacy of five divisions which shared a common language and culture. The division names have been spelled in a variety of ways.[33] The divisions are:
- Chillicothe (Principal Place), Chalahgawtha, Chalaka, Chalakatha;
- Hathawekela, Thawikila;
- Kispoko, Kispokotha, Kishpoko, Kishpokotha;
- Mekoche, Mequachake, Machachee, Maguck, Mackachack, etc.;
- Pekowi, Pekuwe, Piqua, Pekowitha.
In addition to the five divisions, the Shawnee can be divided into six clans or subdivisions.[34] Each name group is common among each for the five divisions and each Shawnee belongs to a group.[34] The six group names are:
- Pellewomhsoomi (Turkey name group)—represents bird life,
- Kkahkileewomhsoomi (Turtle name group)—represents aquatic life,
- Petekoθiteewomhsoomi (Rounded-feet name group)—represents carnivorous animals like the dog, wolf, or whose paws are ball-shaped or "rounded,"
- Mseewiwomhsoomi (Horse name group)—represents herbivorous animals as the horse and deer,
- θepatiiwomhsoomi (Raccoon name group)—represents animals having paws which can rip and tear like those of a raccoon and bear.
- Petakineeθiiwomhsoomi (Rabbit name group)—represents a gentle and peaceful nature.[34]
Membership in a division was inherited from the father, unlike the matrilineal descent often associated with other tribes. Each division had a primary village where the chief of the division lived. This village was usually named after the division. By tradition, each Shawnee division had certain roles it performed on behalf of the entire tribe. By the time they were recorded in writing by European-Americans, these strong social traditions were fading. They remain poorly understood. Because of the scattering of the Shawnee people from the 17th century through the 19th century, the roles of the divisions changed.
Today there are three federally recognized tribes in the United States, all of which are located in Oklahoma:
- The Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma, consisting mainly of Hathawekela, Kispokotha, and Pekuwe;
- The Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, mostly of the Mekoche division; and
- The Shawnee Tribe, formerly an official part of the Cherokee Nation, mostly of the Chaalakatha and Mekoche divisions.
As of 2008, there were 7584 enrolled Shawnee, with most living in Oklahoma.[35]
Shawnee in Ohio and other states[edit]
At least six bands of Shawnee reside in Ohio and other states:[36]
- The United Remnant Band of the Shawnee Nation[37][38]
- the East of the River Shawnee,[39][40]
- Lower Eastern Ohio Mekoce Shawnee—Letter of Intent to Petition 3/5/2001.[41][42][43][44]
- the Platform Reservation Remnant Band of the Shawnee Nation [45][46][47][48]
- the Shawnee Nation Blue Creek Band, of Adams County—Letter of Intent to Petition 8/5/1998.[41][49][50][51]
- the Piqua Shawnee Tribe / Piqua Sept of Ohio Shawnee Tribe—Letter of Intent to Petition 04/16/1991.[41]
- Ridgetop Shawnee – Kentucky – In 2009 and 2010, the State House of the Kentucky General Assembly recognized the Ridgetop Shawnee Tribe of Indians by passing, unopposed, House Joint Resolutions 15 or HJR-15 in 2009 and HJR-16 in 2010.[52][53]
These bands are not federally recognized, though some legal scholars dispute the formality of this recognition.[54]
The Piqua Shawnee Tribe are officially recognized in Alabama by the Alabama Indian Affairs Commission in accordance to the Davis-Strong Act,[55] and in Ohio by Ohio Senate Resolution 188, adopted February 26, 1991 and by the Ohio House of Representatives 119th General Assembly Resolution No. 83, adopted April 3, 1991 as presented to the Bureau of Indian Affairs Washington, D.C., and in Kentucky by Governor's Proclamation dated August 13, 1991.[56][57] The Piqua Shawnee tribe performed the Green Corn Dance in Cumberland Gap National Historical Park in 2011.[58]
Flags of the Shawnee[edit]
Flag of the Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma
Flag of the Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
Flag of the Shawnee Tribe
Flag of the Shawnee Nation United Remnant Band of Ohio
Coins of the Shawnee[edit]
Famous Shawnee[edit]
- Cornstalk (1720–1777), led the Shawnee in Dunmore's War.
- Nonhelema (1720-1786), sister of Cornstalk, helped compile the dictionary for the Shawnee language.
- Blue Jacket (1743–1810), also known as Weyapiersenwah, was an important predecessor to Tecumseh and a leader in the Northwest Indian War.
- Black Hoof (1740–1831), also known as Catecahassa, was a respected Shawnee chief who believed the Shawnee had to adapt to European-American culture to survive.
- Chiksika (1760–1792), Kispoko war chief and older brother of Tecumseh
- Tecumseh (1768–1813), Shawnee leader; with his brother Tenskwatawa attempted to unite the Eastern tribes against the expansion of European-American settlement.
- Tenskwatawa (1775–1836), Shawnee prophet and younger brother of Tecumseh
- Black Bob, 19th century leader and warrior
- Sat-Okh (1920–2003), Polish-Shawnee Canadian, fought in WWII, novelist
- Link Wray (1929–2005), Shawnee U.S. rock and roll guitarist, songwriter and singer
- Nas'Naga (born 1941), Shawnee U.S. novelist and poet.
See also[edit]
- ^ a b Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commission. Oklahoma Indian Nations Pocket Pictorial. 2008.
- ^ Shawano was an archaic name for the tribes bearing this generic name Shaawanwa lenaki. Reference: Shawnee Traditions
- ^ O'Donnell, James H. Ohio's First Peoples, p. 31. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8214-1525-5 (paperback), ISBN 0-8214-1524-7 (hardcover)
- ^ Howard, James H. Shawnee!: The Ceremonialism of a Native Indian Tribe and its Cultural Background, p. 1. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1981. ISBN 0-8214-0417-2; ISBN 0-8214-0614-0 (pbk.)
- ^ Schutz, Noel W., Jr.: The Study of Shawnee Myth in an Ethnographic and Ethnohistorical Perspective, Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, 1975.
- ^ See Squier p. 1
- ^ a b Peregrine, Peter Neal; Ember, Melvin, eds. (2003). Encyclopedia of Prehistory. 6 : North America (1 ed.). Springer Publishing. pp. 175–184. ISBN 0-306-46260-5.
- ^ Drooker 1997a:203
- ^ Jerry Clark. "Shawnees". Tennessee Encyclopedia of Culture and History. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
- ^ Charles Augustus Hanna, 1911 The Wilderness Trail, esp. chap. IV, "The Shawnees", pp. 119–160.
- ^ a b John E. Kleber (18 May 1992). The Kentucky Encyclopedia. University Press of Kentucky. p. 815. ISBN 978-0-8131-2883-2. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
- ^ Carrie Hunter Willis and Etta Belle Walker, Legends of the Skyline Drive and the Great Valley of Virginia, 1937, pp. 15–16; this account also appears in T.K. Cartmell's 1909 Shenandoah Valley Pioneers and Their Descendants p. 41.
- ^ Edward Bland, The Discoverie of New Brittaine,
- ^ Gallay, Alan. The Indian Slave Trade: The Rise of the English Empire in the American South, 1670–1717, p. 55. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-300-10193-7
- ^ Legends of the Skyline Drive and the Great Valley of Virginia, pp. 16–17.
- ^ Joseph Doddridge, 1850, A History of the Valley of Virginia, p. 44
- ^ Gevinson, Alan. "Which Native American Tribes Allied Themselves with the French?" Teachinghistory.org, accessed September 23, 2011.
- ^ a b Owens, p. 201–203
- ^ a b Owens, p. 212
- ^ Langguth, p. 164
- ^ Langguth, p. 165
- ^ a b Langguth, p. 166
- ^ George Blanchard, the Governor of the Absentee Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, so describes the meaning of the name in the PBS documentary We Shall Remain: Tecumseh's Vision: "Well, I've always heard 'Teh-cum-theh'—'Teh-cum-theh'—means, in our culture and our belief, at nights when we see a falling star, it means that this panther is jumping from one mountain to another. And as kids, we saw these falling stars, we'd kind of hesitate about being out in the dark, because we thought there were actually panthers out there walking around. So that's what his name meant: Teh-cum-theh."
- ^ Langguth, p. 168
- ^ Funk, Arville (1969, revised 1983). A Sketchbook of Indiana History. Rochester, Indiana: Christian Book Press.
- ^ Langguth, p. 169
- ^ Langguth, p. 167
- ^ Jones, Charile (November 1987). "Sharing Choctaw History". Bishinik. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
- ^ Turner III, Frederick (1978) [1973]. "Poetry and Oratory". The Portable North American Indian Reader. Penguin Book. pp. 246–247. ISBN 0-14-015077-3.
- ^ "Kentucky: National Guard History eMuseum – War of 1812". Kynghistory.ky.gov. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ^ Lipscomb, Carol A.: "Shawnee Indians" from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved February 21, 2010.
- ^ "Indian Appropriation". The New York Times. March 15, 1853. p. 3.
- ^ Sugde, John (1997). "The Panther and the Turtle". Tecumseh: A Life. Henry Holt and Company, LLC. p. 13. ISBN 0-8050-6121-5.
- ^ a b c Voegellin, C.F. and Voegelin, E. W. (1935). "Shawnee Name Groups". American Anthropologist: 617–635. doi:10.1525/aa.1935.37.4.02a00070.
- ^ Oklahoma Indian Commission. Oklahoma Indian Nations Pocket Pictorial. 2008
- ^ "SHAWNEE TODAY". Big Bear's Den. 2012. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "American Indians in Ohio", Ohio Memory: An Online Scrapbook of Ohio History, The Shawnee Nation United Remnant Band, The Ohio Historical Society, retrieved September 30, 2007
- ^ "Joint Resolution to recognize the Shawnee Nation United Remnant Band" as adopted by the [Ohio] Senate, 113th General Assembly, Regular Session, Am. Sub. H.J.R. No. 8, 1979–1980
- ^ Catherine Morris (2007-10-09). "Local Native Americans Host Cultural Dinner". Cincinnati.com (Cincinnati). Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Shawnee Nation United Remnant Band". Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ a b c "Ohio Indian Tribes". AAANativeArts.com. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Native American Peace Tree Ceremony guest is former Shawnee Chief". Eberly College of Arts and Sciences. West Virginia University. 2009-10-07. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Lower Eastern Ohio Mekoce Shawnee in Wilmington, Ohio (OH)". faqs.org, Tax-Exempt Organizations. 2013. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "The Inter Tribal Learning Circle". Fort Ancient. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Platform Reservation Remnant Band". Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Platform Reservation Remnant Band Church Of The Shawnee Inc. - Indiana Company Profile". Bizapedia. 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ Patricia Lowry (2006-06-26). "Places: Near Fort Necessity, a National Road inn is reclaiming 1830s interior". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ Paul Johnson (2008-01-22). "Native American Tribe Works Toward National Recognition". TheLedger.com. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Shawnee". Four Directions Institute. 2005. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Shawnee Nation - Ohio Blue Creek Band, Inc. - Ohio Company Profile". Bizapedia. 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Re: [NA-SHAWNEE] the Indiana Blue Creek Shawnee roll". RootsWeb: NA-SHAWNEE-L. Retrieved 2013-02-17. "There was no Blue Creek Band in Indiana...that's our Band here indigenous to Ohio...documented as late as 1870. You are looking for the Blue River Band."
- ^ "Kentucky General Assembly 2010 Regular Session HJR-16". kentucky.gov, updated 9-2-2010.
- ^ "Kentucky General Assembly 2009 Regular Session HJR-15". kentucky.gov, updated 5-2-2009.
- ^ Watson, Blake A. "Indian Gambling in Ohio:What are the Odds?" (PDF). Capital University Law Review 237 (2003) (excerpts). Retrieved 2007-09-30. "Ohio in any event does not officially recognize Indian tribes." Watson cites legal opinions that the resolution by the Ohio Legislature recognizing the United Remnant Band of the Shawnee Nation was ceremonial and did not grant legal status as a tribe. Confirmation of the Remnant Bands recognition is referred to and presented to the Bureau of Indian Affairs and The President of the United States in 1981.
- ^ Alabama Indian Affairs Commission
- ^ Koenig, Alexa; Jonathan Stein. "Federalism and the State Recognition of Native American Tribes: A Survey of State-Recognized Tribes and State Recognition Processes Across the United States". Santa Clara Law Review Volume 48 (forthcoming). pp. Section 12. Ohio. Retrieved 2007-09-30. "Ohio recognizes one state tribe, the United Remnant Band. . . . Ohio does not have a detailed scheme for regulating tribal-state relations."
- ^ "Early History". The Piqua Shawnee Tribe of Alabama. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- ^ "Green Corn Dance to be performed at National Park". The Middlesboro Daily News. 2011. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
- Callender, Charles. "Shawnee", in Northeast: Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 15, ed. Bruce Trigger. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1978. ISBN 0-16-072300-0
- Clifton, James A. Star Woman and Other Shawnee Tales. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1984. ISBN 0-8191-3712-X; ISBN 0-8191-3713-8 (pbk.)
- Edmunds, R. David. The Shawnee Prophet. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1983. ISBN 0-8032-1850-8.
- Edmunds, R. David. Tecumseh and the Quest for Indian Leadership. Originally published 1984. 2nd edition, New York: Pearson Longman, 2006. ISBN 0-321-04371-5
- Edmunds, R. David. "Forgotten Allies: The Loyal Shawnees and the War of 1812" in David Curtis Skaggs and Larry L. Nelson, eds., The Sixty Years' War for the Great Lakes, 1754–1814, pp. 337–51. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-87013-569-4.
- Langguth, A. J. (2006). Union 1812: The Americans Who Fought the Second War of Independence. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-2618-6.
- Howard, James H. Shawnee!: The Ceremonialism of a Native Indian Tribe and its Cultural Background. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1981. ISBN 0-8214-0417-2; ISBN 0-8214-0614-0 (pbk.)
- O'Donnell, James H. Ohio's First Peoples. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8214-1525-5 (paperback), ISBN 0-8214-1524-7 (hardcover).
- Sugden, John. Tecumseh: A Life. New York: Holt, 1997. ISBN 0-8050-4138-9 (hardcover); ISBN 0-8050-6121-5 (1999 paperback).
- Sugden, John. Blue Jacket: Warrior of the Shawnees. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2000. ISBN 0-8032-4288-3.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shawnee. |
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Shawnee. |
- Absentee Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
- Shawnee Nation United Remnant Band, Ohio
- Shawnee History
- Shawnee Indian Mission
- "Shawnee Indian Tribe", Access Genealogy
- Treaty of Fort Meigs, 1817, Central Michigan State University
- Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
- The Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
- BlueJacket
- Piqua Shawnee Tribe
- Ridgetop Shawnee Tribe of Indians
- Shawnee tribe
- Algonquian ethnonyms
- Native American tribes in Indiana
- Native American tribes in Kentucky
- Native American tribes in Maryland
- Native American tribes in Missouri
- Native American tribes in Ohio
- Native American tribes in Oklahoma
- Native American tribes in Pennsylvania
- Native American tribes in Virginia
- Native American tribes in West Virginia

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Edith Windsor, who filed the original case that could upend the Defense of Marriage Act, says just getting the case to this point is a kind of victory.
"We've made a huge step forward and a huge difference in how people look at us," she said. "And so, it'll happen. Another year if not now."
It was the death of Windsor's life partner, Thea Clara Spyer, that led to the case.
Theirs was not a fleeting romance -- the women were together 42 years sharing ups and downs, laughs and tears. They also shared what they'd earned together, including from Windsor's job as a programmer with IBM and Spyer's work as a psychologist.
"We were mildly affluent and extremely happy," Windsor said. "We were like most couples."
But even after they married in 2007 in Toronto, some 40 years into their courtship, the two women were not "like most couples" in the eyes of the state of New York, where they lived, nor in the eyes of the U.S. government, which under the Defense of Marriage Act mandates that a spouse, as legally defined, must be a person of the opposite sex.
This fact hit Windsor hard in 2009, while in a hospital after suffering a heart attack a month after Spyer's death. As she recovered and mourned, Windsor realized she faced a hefty bill for inheritance taxes -- $363,053 more than was warranted, she later claimed in court -- because Spyer was, in legal terms, little more than a friend.
"It was incredible indignation," Windsor recalled feeling. "Just the numbers were so cruel."
This anger gave way to action. Why, she and her lawyers argued, should her relationship with Spyer be any different when it came to rights, taxes and more than a heterosexual couple? Why should Windsor have to pay, literally, for losing her soulmate -- even though, by 2009, New York courts had recognized that "foreign same-sex marriages" should be recognized in the state as valid?
In October, Windsor got an answer in the form of a ruling opinion from the 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals. That court found, in her favor, that the Defense of Marriage Act violates the Constitution's equal protection clause and thus she shouldn't have had to pay an inheritance tax after her partner's death. This follows a similar ruling, in May, from another federal appeals court in Boston.
Neither opinion settles the matter for good. That is expected to happen when the Supreme Court will weigh the constitutionality of the Defense of Marriage Act through the prism of Windsor and Spyer's story. It is one of two cases related to same-sex marriage that the high court is considering. The other addresses California's Proposition 8. The court is expected to rule on both cases by mid-June.
Even with those cases pending, Windsor said last fall -- when the lower court decided in her favor, three years after Spyer's death -- that she felt she could finally breathe and celebrate.
It was a day she relished, and one she didn't entirely expect after all her heartache.
"What I'm feeling is elated," Windsor said. "Did I ever think it could come to be, altogether? ... Not a chance in hell."
Instant chemistry in Greenwich Village
Born in Philadelphia in 1929, on the eve of the Great Depression, Windsor graduated from Temple University and earned a master's degree, in 1957, from New York University, according to a fall 2011 story in the latter school's alumni magazine.
She had come to New York hoping for a fresh start after a brief marriage, according to the report. And professionally, she found it -- working for NYU's math department and soon entering data into its UNIVAC, one of a few dozen of the huge commercial computers then in operation. Her knack for programming eventually helped her land a job, and to excel, at IBM.
But something was missing in her life, personally.
Or, as Windsor put it more succinctly, "I suddenly couldn't take it anymore."
In the documentary "Edie and Thea: A Very Long Engagement," she recalled pleading with an old friend to take her "where the lesbians go." And so Windsor spent one Friday night at Portofino, a restaurant in New York's Greenwich Village.
"Somebody brought Thea over and introduced her. And we ended up dancing," she recalled.
"And we immediately just fit," added Spyer, on the documentary.
After reuniting two years later, according to their New York Times' wedding announcement, their connection proved deep and lasting. In 1967, Spyer proposed marriage with a round diamond pin. A year later, they purchased a house together in Southampton, according to the NYU Alumni Magazine story.
Yet while the gay rights' movement took off after the 1969 Stonewall Riots, which occurred while Windsor and Spyer were vacationing in Italy, an actual marriage -- a legal union -- seemed out of the question.
Marriage, at last, and then heartache


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The standard working week for most staff is 37 hours but a flexible working hours scheme is in operation in parts of the council.
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Ingleside Retirement Community Joins the Green Building Movement
by Megan Brown on 01/12/2009
Tags: CCRC in DC, Ingleside Communities, King Farm, LEED, retirement communities
The green building industry continues to expand.
The U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Certification program has only been around for eight years. But within this short amount of time, it has... [more]
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Hi Ho Silverton - City Break The Bite Who was that ski-masked man? That'd be you, natch, at Silverton Mountain. The black-diamond set already loves the steep and deep runs at this... [more]
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Fuel cells will power a new wind monitoring system, making it zero-carbon.
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Jay Leno Shows Off A Maglev Wind Turbine
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Jay Leno declares "My turbine is bigger than Ed Begley's" and shows us the cool new technology.
Funny man Jay Leno isn't joking around when it comes to the environment. With around two-thirds of his home's power needs coming from onsite renewable energy, Jay has long been an... [more]
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Tags: Coal, Disaster, Sludge, Spill, Tennessee, Wind Power
The environmental disaster in eastern Tennessee a sad red flag for coal reliance.
As U.S. and Tennessee authorities scramble to deal with the aftermath of the largest environmental disaster of its kind in U.S. history, questions, accusations, and even a $165M... [more]
@IdealBite - It's the Thought That Counts - Resolutions Week
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Get (or give) a useless gift last month? The Bite Shoulda thought outside the (gift)box. We've all given and received gifts out of obligation - and let's face it, they're... [more]


text:
Richard is an ambitious ultramarathon runner who is presently running the entire length of the Bicentennial National Trail from Healesville in Victoria to Cooktown, Queensland – a whopping 5330km. The trail runs the length of the rugged Great Dividing Range through National Parks, over mountains, through valleys, rainforest and desert in remote wilderness areas.
Vicki is the project manager who is also doing a great job promoting SANE Australia, the charity who Richard is running for. Please look on Richard's website for more information on SANE and ways to donate.
Richard and Vicki have kindly offered to share their experience as they pass through Cairns. This will be a casual meet and greet night from 6pm until about 8pm with soft drink and nibbles provided.
To follow Richards progress and to find out more go to www.runbnt.com . From there you can also follow him on Face Book and Twitter. You can also go to his blog –ultrarunnerrichard.blogspot.com.au .


text:
The U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear "Fisher v. University of Texas." This case could bring about the end of college admissions policies based on race. Lawyer2Lawyer co-hosts and attorneys, J. Craig Williams and Bob Ambrogi, along with Huffington Post Supreme Court Correspondent Mike Sacks and UCLA School of Law Professor Richard Sander, examine the possible fate of affirmative action in college admissions.
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Podcast: Play in new window | Download (Duration: 35:38 — 23.3MB)


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I remember collecting my first documents on family history when I was 10. I am still collecting. The challenge is now to organize the information so it can be found when needed. Find A Grave is helpful because of the collective group effort to tackle this big job. Please feel free to use any of my photos for your family histories.
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Kathy Holland, Gates to the Past Genealogy
RE: Jack Wesley Coffey Memorial# 86353224
I believe it's Pierce Bros Valhalla cemetery in North Hollywood, Los Angeles, CA.
There are two other Coffeys whose head stones I photographed who are also buried at Valhalla. The cemetery phone # is 818-763-9121.
Added by
Kathy Holland, Gates to t...
on Oct 02, 2013 11:56 PM
Timothy McDowell
Margaret Brown Mitchell
Hi: Curious as to your connection to Margaret Brown Mitchell (Find A Grave Memorial# 54694831). Is the photo in your possession?
Added by
Timothy McDowell
on Aug 25, 2013 10:38 PM
Chesnut/Behunin Descendant
Thank you so much for this link and even more Thanks for finding Dad. I had not had a chance to find him yesterday and I did not want to lose the link to Mom.
I SO MUCH LOVE the way everybody does a part and things fall together.
I will try to get the stones for Annie and daughter Annie here soon they are together. The daughter's entire family is there together.
I will look for the son you have. {I have his location } as well and post their pics.
Probably within the week.
Added by
Chesnut/Behunin Descendan...
on Jun 06, 2013 2:33 PM
Kathy Salazar
Ernest Minns photo request
Buried next to Ernest are two more Minns:
Mabel Minns memorial # 85470124
Gladys Minns memorial # 85470123
Added by
Kathy Salazar
on May 18, 2013 2:12 PM
Family Finder
Hi there. I have claimed your photo requests for Effie and Edward Johns. However, they are located at Cypress View Mausoleum. I haven't gotten over there yet, but wanted to let you know so you can update their memorial pages so they don't list Greenwood anymore. I'll upload the photos as soon as I get over there to take them.
Added by
Family Finder
on May 13, 2013 5:27 PM
Jo Frederiksen
RE: Dear Jo, re: Memorial# 75939571
Yes, Wanda is my grandmother. I will send you an email off line.
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Jo Frederiksen
on May 02, 2013 1:36 PM
Kitty Henson
Could you tell me if you are related to Ella Jane Young? # 91042482.
Thank you
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Kitty Henson
on May 02, 2013 9:05 AM
Kathleen Fleury Bilbrey
Spring Hill Cemetery
As you have probley seen there are alot of requests,that have not as yet gotten fullfilled and they may not either if the requestors dont call the Spring Hill office for the locations .
So you may have to delete the original request and do over by calling the Cemetery office for location of your familys interment for pic takers to actually get the pics for you.
I suggest you may have to call the Funeral Home Office and ask for the locations of any of your loved ones . And then put the location section in the request so the people who go to take pics wont have to go to the office to ask for the locations .
The last times I went to ask for locations , the people in the office there said, they would have to charge non family members 5 dollars to look up locations, because they were much too busy helping the family members of interments .
Good luck in your Ancestry searches.
Added by
Kathleen Fleury Bilbrey
on Apr 27, 2013 9:47 AM
Carol Thompson
I have photos of Elmer, Velda, Mona, and Leland Haacke. I am new to this and did not realize I should have claimed these graves. Anyway, I can't seem to get them (photos) from picasa to your site. Can anyone help and I promise next time I will only do those I have claimed.
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Carol Thompson
on Apr 05, 2013 5:52 PM
Esther Kinder
Two more memorials for you
Dear Redriver: I am going to email you two more memorials that you maintain from Draper Cemetery.
The first one is George E. Andrus I had put this one in as a picture, but have deleted it back out so you can put his information in his bio.
The other one is for Harry Heward also in Draper Cemetery. I will get them emailed tonight when I get home from the Historical society.
Added by
Esther Kinder
on Mar 20, 2013 11:14 AM
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We'll take a rare look behind the scenes of the California Supreme Court with former Chief Justice Ron George. In his new memoir "Chief: The Quest for Justice in California," George writes candidly about historic cases and hot-button issues like gay marriage and the death penalty.
A recent study of massive open online courses, known as "MOOCs," found that only about 4 percent of the million users tracked actually completed their courses. Earlier this year, San Jose State suspended its online courses after poor results, including one math class where fewer than a quarter of the students got a passing grade. We discuss the future of online classes.
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He's widely considered to be the grandfather of green architecture and sustainable design. Architect and UC Berkeley professor emeritus Sim Van der Ryn was championing innovations like solar roof panels and rainwater catchment systems before most people had even heard of them. The former state architect of California joins us to reflect on his career and his new book, "Design for an Empathic World: Reconnecting to People, Nature and Self."
Last month, Ukraine's embattled president Viktor Yanukovych sparked huge street protests after he refused to sign an economic agreement with the European Union. We'll discuss the ongoing political turmoil in a country divided between those sympathetic to Russia and those wanting to strengthen ties to the European Union.
We discuss the compromise budget agreement unveiled by bipartisan congressional negotiators on Tuesday.
Randi Zuckerberg's brother Mark connected over a billion people as founder and CEO of Facebook. So it might come as a surprise that Randi -- a former Facebook executive herself -- has written a book about the hazards of social media. In "Dot Complicated," she recommends digital down time in order to improve real-life relationships. She joins us to discuss her new book, and the pros and cons of being plugged in.
William Petrocelli, the co-owner of Bay Area bookstore chain Book Passage, has just published his first novel. Filled with strong female characters, "The Circle of Thirteen" is a futuristic thriller about an international terrorist group that targets women.
The Brown administration released an environmental study on Monday of its $25 billion plan that includes two massive tunnels to move water from Northern California to other parts of the state. Gov. Brown touts the plan as a conservation strategy to protect fish and wildlife while securing the state's water supplies. We'll discuss what's in the proposal, which will undergo a four-month public comment period before being finalized.
It's still three months until the Academy Awards, but there's already Oscar buzz around movies like "12 Years A Slave," "Gravity," "Fruitvale Station" and "American Hustle," just to name a few. We talk about Oscar contenders, indie favorites and holiday blockbusters with Leonard Maltin and other film critics.
We discuss the latest monthly jobs report, President Obama's recent speech about the economic inequality in America and the fast food workers striking nationwide to demand a higher minimum wage.


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new 302 w/2yr warranty-new trans w/OD-all new wiring-new front end(Pete&Jakes)-new Edelbrock carb-new alum rad-electronic ign-new Flowmaster exh system-new coilovers-Vega steering box-8 1/2 Ford rear-tilt wheel-Air Conditioned-backup camera-trailer hitch-electric shutoff-am/fm/cd w/remote&4spkrs-20 gals gas capacity--Price is "OBO"-----contact Mike
Dec 6 - Aurora
This Sporty Mark VII LSC Touring Coupe Spent Most Of Its Life In Texas Until 2011 When It Headed North. Only 56K Miles On Rear Wheel Drive Car And It Has A Clean CARFAX Report. Features On This Car Include: 5.0L V8 Engine Automatic Transmission Power Steering (New Power Steering Hoses) Power 4 Wheel Disc Brakes Keyless Illuminated Entry System Tilt/Cruise Power Windows, Seats And Door Locks Electronic Climate Control Overhead Console Group AM/FM CD Player Power Antenna Power Trunk Auto Dim ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
1926 Was An Exciting Year For Chrysler As It Was The First Year This Automaker Was Used To Pace The Indianapolis 500 Race. How Often Do You See A Full Size CHRYSLER Roadster Like This, Many Fords, But Very RARE To See A Chrysler!! The Series 70 Had A 112.8 Inch Wheelbase And Driven By An L-Head Cylinder Engine Offering Nearly 70 Horsepower And A Three Speed Transmission And Braking Was By Four-Wheel Hydraulic Brakes. The Sportiest Model In The G-70 Series Was The 4 Passenger Roadster Which Came ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
Third Generation Camaro Continued To Win The Hearts Of America! Low Production Of Only 1859 Sport Coupe Convertibles Built That Year. This Two Owner Low Mileage Car Has Only Just Over 14K Original Miles And Is Documented With Original Vehicle Invoice Along With Other New Car Paperwork. Features Include: 5.0 Liter 305 V8 Engine (L03) Automatic Transmission With Overdrive (MX0) ComfortTilt Steering Power Door Locks Power Windows Air Conditioning Speed Control With Resume AM/FM Radio ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
1931, The Final Year Of Ford Model A Production, Would Mark The Most Extensive Offering Of Passenger Car Styles In The Vehicle's Brief History. This Murray Body Sedan Has Been Owned By The Current Owner For Many Years And He Has Restored And Maintained His 'Baby' !! Features Include: Inline 4 Cylinder Engine Radiator Ornament Manual 3 Speed Transmission Inside Rearview Mirror Dual Side Mount Rearview Mirrors Dual Side Mount Tires Rear Luggage Trunk Car Done In Black With Original ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
FRESH ROTISSERIE RESTORATION COMPLETED IN 2008 ON THIS SOLID RUST FREE ALL ORIGINAL METAL NEW MEXICO CAR... The 1970 Barracuda Was Completely Unlike Its Predecessors In Styling Or Execution. READY FOR SHOW AND DRIVE.... Only About 500 Test Miles, FLY IN AND DRIVE IT HOME!!! Nothing Has Been Overlooked On This Car, Down To The Smallest Detail. Started Life As A BH23G Car In New Mexico No Expense Was Spared In The Total Transformation To A Most Desirable HEMI Cuda – 4 Speed! Features On This ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
The New Look For The 1960 Impala Was A More Conservative Approach, With "Jet Smooth" Lines, Evident With The Aircraft Inspired Side Trim, Changing Much Of The Body Lines From Previous Years. The Restoration Process Was Accomplished Over The Course Of Four Years And Some Three Thousand Hours Of Professional Labor To Complete. Some Of The Impressive Features On This Magnificent Impala: 348 ci bored .060 over tri-power with chrome fuel log and pressure gauge matching custom valve covers and ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
NOW IN OUR SHOWROOM . . . . . LOW PRODUCTION OF ONLY 999 LaBaron 4 Door Hardtops Produced. True Code 934 Southhampton Hardtop Sedan. Rare Barn Find, Very Nice Original Imperial 4 Door Hardtop LeBaron.. LOADED.... 413 CID 350 HP Motor, Runs Great Automatic Pushbutton Transmission Rare Factory Air Conditioning Automatic Headlight Dimmer Power 6 Windows Power Seat Power Steering Power Brakes Remote Outside Drivers Mirror Cloth And Leather Original Seats Painted In Midnight Blue ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
"The New Thunderbird for '56 . . . You'll Go Places As You've Never Gone Before" 1956 Was The Second Production Year For The Ford Thunderbird. The Continental Kit Was Added To The Rear And Portholes Were Added To The Detachable Hardtop. The Car Also Has A Folding Convertible Top. To Appeal To The Upscale Customer, Ford Referred To The Thunderbird As A Personal Car Rather Than A True Sportscar. This Car Features: 312 8 Cylinder Engine Automatic Transmission Town And Country Radio ...
Dec 4 - Alsip
1964 Chevy Impala Two Door Hardtop This Is A Show And Go Car All Body Work And Paint Done By Professional Body Shop--No Home Garage Work Here ! New 502 Chevy Big Block Engine (Chevy Dealer Crate Motor * All New -Not Rebuilt )502 Hp-Full Roller Motor 700/R/4 Chevy Overdrive Transmission-Completely Rebuilt-All New Except Case Stainless Big Tube Headers ****Car Sounds Fantastic.! Electronic Ignition Interior Is Perfect-All New And Custom Chrome Water Pump Chrome Aldinator W/ Serpintene Belt System W/ ...
Dec 4 - Hobart
This 1975 Mercedes 450 SL was donated to The Michiana Humane Society. Repairs on this vehicle were done courtesy of Classic Imports, New Buffalo, MI: Two invoices totaling over $9,500.00, (available upon request) including shocks, battery, lighting, wipers, master cylinder, resealed windshield, brake hoses, brakes, locks, antenna, replaced all instrument bulbs, full detail, replaced brake booster, replaced shift linkage bushings, replaced front sway bar link kits. Great Lakes Glass & Canvas replaced ...
Dec 4 - Chicago
This is a custom built replica of the Ford AC Cobra. Built in 2002 and only has under 1500 miles on it. New American thrust five spoke aluminum wheels and BF Goodrich TA Tires. chrome hooker headers and side pipes with inserts sounds awesome, Built automatic transmission .This car is very drivable, this is not your average cobra built from Mustang parts. It has never been raced. If you want to draw a crowd then this is the car for you. For more information call John at 231-468-2809 Send an Email to ...
Dec 4 - Hobart
We are proud to present a Rare piece of car building history. A 1972 Titan that was built by the Famous George Barris and the car was owned by Sammy Davis JR. Under the hood is a 460 engine. Must See For more information call John at 231-468-2809 Send an Email to request more pictures We Offer Financing and Worldwide Shipping
Dec 4 - Hobart
1977 Cadillac convertible with 97000 actual miles. This is a Milan Roadster convertible California Milan Coach builders, fully restored including fresh paint, Original low miles, California car since New to 2002. Monterey red metallic with oak convertible top, Oak leather dual power bucket seats, fully power, tilt, cruise, power windows, and power brakes. 5.7 Liter V8 engine withe electronic fuel injection, automatic with OD. Dual exhaust and she was just serviced. For more information call John at ...
Dec 4 - Hobart
1989 Jaguar XJ6 Vander Plas Automatic 110,540 Miles Power Windows, Locks, Mirrors Cd Player Power Seats Heated Seats Leather Interior Sunroof Tinted Glass Dual Air Bags Rear Air Retek Auto Sales 1801 W IL Route 120 McHenry, IL 60051 815-363-7090 Visit us at Retekautosales.com for a complete inventory! Mon-Thur 9-6 Fri 9-5 Sat 9-3
Dec 3 - Mchenry
1959 Singer Gazelle 4 door sedan....possible RAT ROD project?? No engine, there is rust on the body and missing some parts. Has Michigan title. Located at my farm south of North Judson. Price reduced to $500.00 or best offer.
Dec 3 - Merrillville
The History Of The Thunderbolt Begins With America's Love Of Competition. Win On Sunday, Sell On Monday Was The Idea At The Time, And The Automakers Knew Customers Could Identify With Cars That They Saw At The Track And In The Showroom. Even If You Didn't Go Out And Buy A 427 Galaxie, You Sure Did Want To Go Check One Out At The Dealership After You Saw It Rumble By In The Staging Lanes. This Car Is A Nicely Done Tribute (Dubbed "Thunderbolt Jr") To The Ford Thunderbolt Of Days Gone By. The Ford ...
Dec 3 - Alsip
1972 Dodge Demon - Plum Crazy Built 440 Big Block Engine New White Interior- Fresh Paint Job Automatic Transmission with Hurst Shifter Rallye Wheels 3.23 Sure Grip Rear End Original H-Code Car $16,900 708-692-3102
Dec 2 - Frankfort
1969 Cadillac DeVille Convertible Root Beer Exterior with Ostrich -Grain Leather Interior Runs and Drives Nice $7500 obo 708-692-3102
Dec 2 - Frankfort
email with your name and phone # [email removed] full interior - seats 5 15,026 cash or possible trade offers..trade for car, muscle car, hot rod, rat rod, street car,sports caretc, no projects, no boats, ***ALL TRADES COME TO ME ***ALL TRADES WITHIN 100 miles of 60142 part trade on bike no boats, cash, trade muscle car, hot rod, street car, sports car..., no boats, email me your name and number Stereo - kicker box speakers, Yamaha amp, vintage blaupunkt goose neck eq see video of stereo ...
Dec 2 - Huntley
I have a beautiful 1950 hudson super 6 runs and drives like a beuty just had the interior redone up for any more questions call or text 17738996443
Dec 2 - Chicago
For sale good, strong and quiet running Mercedes Benz SEL 420 blue. Navy blue leather interior. Some scratches on the interior but no tears. This car runs quiet. I have a video of it running if your interested. Nice clean reliable and safe first car. Questions please call or text 6304182400 This ad was posted with the eBay Classifieds mobile app.
Dec 1 - Downers Grove
1970 Pontiac LeMans Sport 427 cubic inch engine, 600 horsepower, new automatic transmission, new power brakes and fuel cell. The interior is in very good condition. I can help arrange shipping. For more information call 219-310-4132.
Dec 1 - Chicago
1967 Buick Riviera Sport coupe hardtop with 430 engine and 3 speed auto trans, equipped with AC, Am radio, Dual Exhaust, power brakes, power steering and more. Very Nice Daily Driver For more information call John at 231-468-2809 Send an Email to request more pictures We Offer Financing and Worldwide Shipping
Dec 1 - Hobart


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Crane Crane Faucet 49'' x 19'' Recessed Oval Bowl Marble Vanity Top
CPU1086 Features:Marble vanity topRecessed oval bowlHigh gloss crack and scratch resistant wear layerRaised ''no drip'' edgeAccommodates standard 4'' centre set faucet Options:Available in several finishes Dimensions:4'' High integral bac...ksplashOverall dimensions: 49'' W x 19'' D Warranty:Manufacturer provides 5 years warranty read more
The Broan 679 Deluxe Bathroom Fan and Light Combo is great for repairs and home improvement projects.
at Walmart
A proven performer in laundry maintenance throughout the world, Smooth inside finish won't snag laundry, Durable, rugged construct...ion can handle heavy loads, 22-, 50'' x 16-, 25'' x 10-, 75'', 1, 25 bushel, 2965WHT: White, 2965LPLAT: Light Platinum, Length: 10, 87, Width: 16, 47, Height: 22, 5 SKU: JNSN43441 read more
at Walmart
IAB1037 Features: Jumbo laundry basket with canvas bag Strong chromed wire framing Heavy canvas laundry bag Holds a lot of laundr...y Durable Wheels and handles for easy mobility Canvas replacement bags available Dimensions: 25'' H x 19.75'' W x 17.75'' D, 8 lbs read more
at Walmart
YEH1055 Features: Laundry basket Smooth sidewalls create a no snag inner surface Made in the USA 12.5" H x 18.25" W x 27.25" D, 3....33 lbs Includes: Includes thick reinforced rim and reach through handles Construction: Heavy duty construction Color/Finish: Color: White Color accented inserts provide comfortable grip for heavy loads read more
at Walmart
YEH1059 Features: Laundry basket Molded in handles Rounded rim for easy lifting 1.5" Bushel load capacity 12.88" H x 17" W x 17" ...D, 1.49 lbs Construction: Sturdy construction Color/Finish: Color: White read more
at Walmart
WSO1797 Features: Laundry basket Made in Italy Includes: Cotton laundry bag included Dimensions: 26.4'' H x 15.9'' W x 15.9''... D, 16 lbs Collection: Complements collection read more
The WhisperCeiling 190 CFM Ceiling Mounted Fan features a totally enclosed condenser motor and a double-tapered, dolphin shaped bl...aded blower wheel to quietly move air. This fan is designed to give you continuous, trouble-free operation for many years thanks in part to its high-quality components and permanently lubricated motors. Since heat is detrimental to motor life (the cooler the environment, the longer the motor will last), the electrical configuration of this model's condenser motor is designed for operation at lower temperatures, increasing the life of the motor and bearings. ENERGY STAR� Products that are ENERGY STAR-qualified prevent greenhouse gas emissions by meeting strict energy efficiency guidelines set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy. The ENERGY STAR name and marks are registered marks owned by the U.S. government, as part of their energy efficiency and environmental activities. read more
The Panasonic WhisperLine Bathroom Fan (model APPA20NLF1) 1.4 sone 240 CFM fan, is designed for multiple-task ventilation, which m...eans ventilating multiple areas or multiple rooms with one fan. Place Panasonic Bathroom Fan inlets over the shower, tub, toilet and/or vanity in a single bathroom and use just one fan. In recent years, homes have become more airtight and energy efficient. While this lowers the cost to heat and air-condition a home, it also retains pollutants that can be hazardous to its occupants. One way to improve the air quality of the home is through whole-house ventilation, which removes stale air and provides fresh air on a slow, continuous basis. read more
at Walmart
WSO2306 Features: Laundry basket circular design Made in Italy Dimensions: Overall dimensions: 25.6'' H x 16.9'' W x 16.9'' D ...Collection: Complements collection Warranty: Manufacturer provides One Year warranty against defects in workmanship, materials, or operation, excluding ordinary wear and tear read more


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Introduction The law and procedure relating to probate differs in different parts of the United Kingdom. The information in this section relates to probate in England and Wales. For information on probate in Scotland, please click here (PDF file help). For information on probate in Northern Ireland, please click here (PDF file help).
What is a Grant of Probate? After a person's death, all their assets, including their bank and building society accounts, are automatically frozen. This is the case whether or not they left a Will. If a person left a Will, the people appointed as Executors in the Will must apply to the Probate Registry for a Grant of Probate. This Grant gives them the authority to deal with or "administer" all the property and other assets belonging to the person who has died. As part of the application, the Executors will need to provide to the Probate Registry a valuation of the deceased's assets. Probate will not usually be granted until all or some of any Inheritance Tax that is due has been paid. Only when the Grant of Probate is made, are the assets unfrozen and the Executors can then distribute them in accordance with the deceased's wishes as set out in their Will.
Is a Grant always Required? The Executors will not, however, need to apply for Probate if everything the deceased owned was held in joint names with their spouse or civil partner or if their only assets were Bank or Building Society Accounts that contained less than £5,000. The specific Banks or Building Societies may be prepared to pay the money to the person or people entitled to it without seeing the Grant. In this case, the deceased's estate can be distributed immediately.
Valuation Process The Executors need to collect details of all the property and all the debts belonging to the deceased. The property will include any house, car, furniture, savings, life insurance policies, personal possessions, jewellery and anything capable of being valued and of being transferred to one person to another. Account will also need to be taken of certain assets that the deceased gave away during the seven years before they died. The liabilities may include a mortgage, outstanding bills, etc and will also include the funeral expenses. For help in valuing the deceased's estate, please click here (PDF file help). Unless the deceased's estate is very simple and Probate is not required, the Executors should consider appointing a Solicitor for the application to the Probate Registry and for help administering the estate. To find a Solicitor in your area of England and Wales who specialises in Probate work, please click here. For further information about valuing the estate, please go to www.direct.gov.uk
Valuation of Property Usually, the most valuable asset in the estate will be the deceased's house. The open market value can be used in assessing the value of this. If the property is straightforward then the Executors can estimate the value themselves. The best way to do this is look at advertisements for the sale of similar properties in local estate agents and in local newspapers. They should also look the Land Registry website at www.landregistry.gov.uk which will show all the properties in the area that have been recently sold. However, with the problems in the housing market continuing, the Executors may want to consider instructing a Chartered Surveyor to give a professional probate valuation. The reason for this is to ensure that the house is not overvalued as this will result in an additional and unnecessary inheritance tax liability. It may be worth the expense as HM Revenue & Customs are more likely to accept a valuation if it is provided by a Chartered Surveyor. For more information on valuing property for probate purposes, please click here (PDF file help). To find a Chartered Surveyor in your area, please click here.
Application to the Probate Registry When the valuation has been completed, the Executors must swear an affidavit or oath before a Solicitor. In the oath, the Executors must confirm that they are appointed by the Will. They must give the value of the gross and net estate of the deceased and they must swear that they will ensure that the estate will be distributed in accordance to the law and the terms of the Will. It will also be necessary to submit an Inland Revenue Account setting out all the assets and liabilities in the estate. However, HMRC (HM Revenue & Customs) allows a large number of low value and other estates where no inheritance tax is payable for various reasons to be "excepted estates." In these cases, a brief return of information about the estate as a whole is all that is required. If you are in any doubt as to whether you should be filing an Inland Revenue Account, you should contact the Probate and Inheritance Tax helpline on 0845 30 20 900. You can also visit the relevant part of the HMRC web-site at www.hmrc.gov.uk/cto/iht.htm When the oath has been completed and sworn, the application to the Probate Registry can be made for a Grant of Probate. The Executors can apply in person or instruct a Solicitor to apply on their behalf. The application may be lodged at either the Principal Registry (in London) or one of the Probate Registries of the High Court (in other cities and main towns). To find your local Probate Registry please go to www.hmcourts-service.gov.uk
How Long Will it Take? As each person's circumstances are different, it is difficult to predict with any certainty how long it will take to firstly obtain the Grant of Probate and to then administer the estate. As a rough guide, it should take six to nine months for an estate that includes property. The reason why the process is slow is that it is normally not possible to collect the assets (apart from joint accounts which automatically pass to the survivor) or indeed to pay the liabilities of the estate out of the assets until the Grant has been obtained. This is because all official bodies including Banks, Building Societies, Stockbrokers and Estate Agents will want to see sight of the Grant before proceeding with any sales or transfers to the Executors. Very often, estates which appear on first sight to be simple prove to be complicated. Conversely, a large estate may prove to be straightforward and problem free. Typical factors which can create problems and complicate the process include:
You should be aware that there may also be an opportunity for tax planning and the use of a Deed of Variation (by which the effect of the Will can be varied in order to reduce tax).
Final Winding Up Once all the assets have been collected and all the liabilities have been discharged, the net balance of the estate can be ascertained. This balance can then be distributed to the beneficiaries as dictated by the terms of the deceased's Will. If the estate or its administration is particularly complex and therefore taking considerable time to sort out, it may be possible for the Executors to make interim distributions to beneficiaries before the final winding up. When a Solicitor has been employed, they will usually prepare Estate Accounts setting out the full details of the administration of the estate. The Solicitor's fee should be calculated in accordance with the Solicitors' Remuneration Order 1972. This provides that a Solicitor's remuneration for non-contentious (i.e. non-litigious matters should be fair and reasonable having regard to the circumstances of the case. The most important factor is the time they actually spent. Other factors such as the complexity of the estate, the skill involved and the need for urgency will also be taken into account.
Further Information For further information on Probate, please go to www.direct.gov.uk For further information on Inheritance Tax, please go to www.hmrc.gov.uk Please note that information which we provide through Lasting Post is in outline for information or educational purposes only. The information is not a substitute for the professional judgment of a Solicitor, Accountant or other professional adviser. We cannot guarantee that information provided by Lasting Post will meet your individual needs, as this will very much depend on your individual circumstances. You should therefore use the information only as a starting point for your enquiries.
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[SINGAPORE] As the government looks at two possible ways to ease the COE supply crunch, some motor distributors are hoping it will go further and tweak the certificate of entitlement system itself, in particular, the Open Category COE.
The Open Category or Category E COE is transferrable, unlike Cat A for small cars (under 1,600 cc) and Cat B COEs for big cars (above 1,600 cc).
But with Cat B COEs in short supply, Cat E has recently been used by motor traders to register luxury cars.
As a result, the Cat E premium currently tracks the Cat B premium, and they stand at $92,010 and $91,000, respectively.
On the other hand, the premium for Cat A - for small cars or those under 1,600cc - is only at $64,201 now.
"Dealers of luxury models have bigger profit margins, so they are able to bid more for a COE," said the sales manager of a Japanese dealership. "As sellers of cheaper bread and butter models, we can't compete with them. So we have been priced out of the Cat E COE segment."
For a fairer system, George Lee, general manager of Opel distributor Auto Germany and Chevrolet dealer Alpine Motor, would like the government to consider splitting the Open Category so that some Open Cat COEs can be used only to register Cat A cars while the others are reserved specifically for Cat B models.
"Right now, the system is unfair to Cat A models because Cat B car sellers are monopolising Cat E with their stronger purchasing power," said Mr Lee. "This defeats the purpose of having an Open Category COE that can be used to register all vehicles."
Opel and Chevrolet have models in both Cat A and Cat B but the majority of the two marques' sales - about 80 per cent - are Cat A cars.
"Right now, if a customer walks in and wants to register a Cat A car immediately, it will not be possible unless he is willing to pay the price of a Cat B COE," said Mr Lee. "If the Open Cat COEs can be allocated in such a way that no one class of cars can monopolise them, it will be more equitable."
One senior executive of a dealership, who declined to be named because of company policy, agrees. "Yes, I think it will be better to apportion some Open Cat COEs for Cat A and some for Cat B, so that everyone has a chance to secure an Open Cat COE."
However, he added: "I think the best way forward is still to abolish Cat A and Cat B based on engine capacity and just go with a system determined solely on exhaust emissions."
Neil Fiorentinos, managing director of BMW Group Asia, said that the recent hike in the COE price resulted from a combination of strong vehicle demand and short-term price pressure, due to the quota limits experienced this year.
"This price hike happens across all categories, even for commercial trucks and lorries, not just passenger cars. At this moment, any short-term measures, including the separation of the Open Category for Cat A, Cat B, etc, to alleviate the price pressure sentiment, will likely be welcomed by the general public."
BMW is a luxury carmaker and the popularity of its models made it Singapore's top make last year.
But the general manager of a small mass-market dealership does not agree with the suggestion. "This is effectively saying that Cat E should be abolished. This is rubbish. With this small COE quota we have now, it will push COE prices even higher."
He said that Cat E now gets 25 per cent from the deregistrations of each respective category. Under the suggestion, if there are 100 Cat A COEs available for bidding, 25 pieces will be turned into a so-called Open Cat A COE, or a transferable Cat A COE.
The general manager asked: "Cat A, Cat B and Cat D (for motorcycles) were made non-transferrable to prevent speculation. If you allow speculation in Cat A COEs, plus reduce the supply of non-transferrable Cat A COEs, won't that raise premiums even further?"


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Guilt-Free Savings at Starbucks
Morning. Afternoon. Light hours. A Starbucks pick-me-up is a great way to get a second wind of energy. But, if you're like me, sometimes the idea of indulging in a 460 calorie Starbucks snack (thank you, blueberry scone) can make me think twice about cruising through a Starbucks drive-thru. Luckily, over the weekend, I was … Read more
Category: Inside the Jungle | Tags:birthday freebie, buy discount gift cards, discount Starbucks gift cards, free Starbucks, healthy Starbucks drinks, low-calories Starbucks drinks, nonfat milk, plastic jungle, skinny Starbucks drinks, Starbucks blueberry scone, starbucks discounts, Starbucks rewards, sugar-free recipes, Tazo teas, unsweetened tea


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If you signed up for an account during checkout, from this point forward you may view your complete online-purchase history with Boots Retail USA, Inc, as well as tracking all purchases made from Boots Retail USA, Inc.
Log In NowThis site is owned by Boots Retail (Holdings) USA Inc and operated with permission by SureSource LLC. Copyright © 2013 SureSource LLC All Rights Reserved
*MUST APPLY PROMO CODE GIFT15 AT CHECKOUT! Promotion expires 12/30/2013. Free shipping ONLY applies to standard shipping within the Continental US. Some restrictions may apply.


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Indian and Himalayan Art Avalokiteshvara (probably Trailokyavasamkara Avalokiteshvara) Qing Dynasty, Qianlong reign (1736-1795), 1779-80 Artist/maker unknown, Sino-Tibetan Colors on cloth with cloth mounting Currently not on view 1959-156-5 Gift of Natacha Rambova, 1959 |
LabelIn this painting, celestial attendants holding auspicious symbols honor a small red image of Amitayus, the Bodhisattva of Limitless Life. At the bottom, Tara, the Goddess of Compassion, appears in both her white and green forms. Nestled on lotus flowers are offerings to the five senses: a conch-shell incense holder for smell, a mirror for sight, cloth for touch, fruit for taste, and cymbals for sound. The presence of Amitayus and the White and Green Taras suggests that this painting is dedicated to longevity rituals. The white figure at the center is most likely a form of Avalokiteshvara, the Bodhisattva of Compassion. This work may originally have been part of a set of twenty paintings depicting different forms of this deity. |


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Drew Rosenhaus was filmed while swimming and wrestling with a six-foot shark. WHY?
Drew Rosenhaus was filmed while swimming and wrestling with a six-foot shark. WHY?
It's common practice to produce two sets of everything for a championship series T-shirts, hats but not commercials. This commercial celebrating the 2013 NBA champion San Antonio Spurs was shown multiple times on NBA TV Saturday night.
By winning Game 6, the Heat did the NBA a couple of favors.
First, it pushed an increasingly-appealing series to seven games, with the seventh likely to draw a strong rating for ABC/ESPN...
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Don't Put Q-Tips In The Toilet
A sewage problem at the Coliseum forced the Oakland Athletics and Seattle Mariners to use the same locker room after Sunday's game.
The pipes backed up on the lower levels of the stadium during Oakland's 10-2 victory, creating a stink and pools of water in the clubhouses used by both teams and the umpires.
The A's and Mariners moved to a higher floor and cleaned up postgame in the locker room occupied by the Oakland Raiders during NFL games.
Coliseum officials said the six-day homestand, which drew 171,756 fans, overtaxed the plumbing system at the 47-year-old stadium.
"Make sure everybody finds out about this sewage thing," Oakland starter A.J. Griffin said. "We need to get a new stadium."
The San Francisco Chronicle reported that leaking pipes and backed up drains occur often, even on days when the Coliseum is empty. The field is 22 feet below sea level, and the clubhouse level is 3 feet below sea level.
A's team president Michael Crowley told the Chronicle, "It's clear, right? This isn't the first time this has happened."
Several Mariners left without showering. Towels were used to block sewage from running into the players' general dressing area.
Seattle manager Eric Wedge's office had about a foot of liquid, forcing him to hold his postgame news conference in the hallway.
The A's, who start a road trip in Texas on Monday night, will likely have new carpeting when they return. The extent of the damage isn't known yet.
There were visible wet spots around every drain on the ground floor, though the main damage was to the locker rooms and storage areas.
Strike while the iron is hot.
This is definitely the case for retail store Aggieland Outfitters as they have already came up with a t-shirt for sale in the wake of comments made by Texas A&M athletic director Eric Hyman. The shirts are selling for $19.99 and are available from sizes S-3XL.
Hyman spoke at an Aggies event Thursday night and unleashed a one-liner for the ages against Nick Saban and Alabama. "What do the moon and Texas A&M have in common? They both control the Tide," Hyman quipped to a room full of Texas A&M supporters.
Hyman was making reference to the Aggies 29-24 victory over the Tide last season. It marked Alabama's only loss of the year en route to a national championship.
The two will meet again in September at Kyle Field.
Los Angeles Times writer T.J. Simmers set up this fun competition between Dwight Howard and his daughter Kelzer Nielson. A free throw shooting contest where the loser would have to donate money to charity.You know it's time to work on your game when you lose to a mother of three.
Minnesota Twins outfielder Chris Colabello finally made his MLB debut last week. But this week, Colabello was already on the hook for a glaring rookie mistake.
During a game against the Milwaukee Brewers the newcomer took the field wearing the wrong jersey. While his teammates were wearing uniforms with the name of the city across their chests, Colabello accidentally sported an alternate that had "Twins" on the front.


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A long-time project for the north end of Santa Rosa County will now be completed after the Tourist Development Council approved $175,000 to fund the completion of the Bagdad Mill Site Park.
TDC Chairman Vernon Compton told the TDC during an Oct. 17 meeting that the Mill Site project had been a vision for the north-end TDC committee for 10 years.
For the complete story, see the Oct. 25 issue of Navarre Press or subscribe online.