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The night after their 2013 New Year's Eve show, Anderson Cooper and Kathy Griffin sit down to recap the best and most unexpected moments. On the list, Korean pop sensation Psy arriving unannounced with MC Hammer to crash the live broadcast in Times Square.
"He was pushed on by some Psy PR team...I don't think he knew where he was. I don't think he knew who we were. I don't think he realized he was on CNN," says Anderson, who is still baffled by the surprise visit.
Watch New Year's Eve highlights:
Have to agree Kathy is not the right fit – perhaps Anderson if you watch a tape of the show you'll see it through your viewers' eyes. Not comfortable to watch from our side. How about trying someone new for next year?
Before having kids I would be out partying...I am an older mom with little kids. I couldn't take another year of Dick Clark (loved him years ago though). I started watching K & A 2 years ago and was so excited this year to see them. Please stay on Kathy & Anderson till my kids are outta the house and I can party again like the idiot I once was on new years eve!!
We laughed so hard watching Anderson and Kathy. I could not have asked for a better way to bring in the new year. Anderson was having a great time. The authenticity of the program is what struck me a such a contrast to all the canned TV on the other channels. Lighten up folks it was New Years Eve 🙂
I was so surprized that Kathy Griffin was again asked to be on New Years coverage with Anderson. She is totally disgusting, not funny, and like alot of the other posts above, inappropriate. Anderson is a super guy, but pls dont have
that trashy woman on again. They just dont go together, there is nothing she would not do for attention. We all had to switch the channel, if there were kids in the room. It was not necessary for this lewd behavior! Shame on CNN
Due to moving to a new country we now get CNN and have watched Anderson, know who Kathy is but couldn't believe how stupid this part of NYE was. Luckily, had the remote in hand and changed it, wouldn't watch CNN NYE ever again (was a new day here anyway so no big deal)
Will ONLY watch Anderson and Karthy New Year's Eve. The chemistry between the two is incredible and hysterical. Did Kathy go too far, most definitely, but people – it's KATHY GRIFFIN. She is vulgarity at its finest and Anderson has a fit trying to contain her which he never does. His sweet demeanor offsets her blue humor and I can't wait until next year. Love, Love, Love them.
Sorry...Anderson and Kathy...
Kathy Griffin should not be on the New Years show again. Her latest performance was sexual harrassment of poor Anderson. Committing such an illegal actt on national television should never be encouraged or tolerated by the news media. It's so harmful. Get with times. It's a new year.
Kathy Griffen has gone pretty far, didn't she get her start copying a character from the show News Radio. Brooke Shields gave Kathy a break. Kathy repaid her by making fun of Brooke's mother.
Seriously Anderson? You should have called KG out right on camera.
Anderson Cooper was visibly annoyed with Kathy Griffin, especially towards midnight, just before the ball dropped. And rightfully so–Kathy was so annoying and banal that we changed the channel just to get away from her. As Anderson told her, "could you please just be quiet?" Especially her name-dropping. Kathy, NOBODY CARES!!
Great show... So funny!!! Kathy and Anderson have such funny chemistry!
Omg I love this duo. You two are soooooooo good together
I felt bad for anderson cooper on NYE, kathy griffin was annoying and embarassing, she definetly went too far and embarassed anderson.
Anderson you are risking your reputation as the best journalist on air with stunts like NYE. Drop it. You're a better man than this crap.
Poor taste! Possibility exists that children on the West Coast were watching.
I really like Anderson, but he should dump Kathy!
CNN, What is wrong with you?!! It was extremely uncomfortable for us to watch the lewd behavior of Kathy Griffin, with our 15 year old daughter, on NYE 2013. Griffin is not funny, she tries too hard, and she clearly embarrassed her co-host Anderson Cooper. At one time, Cooper was one of the most respected reporters, when he was in the fields – war, hurricane, strife... Now he is a giggling "celebrity", deflecting on-camera come-on's from a wanna-be. It is such a shame that their behavior took away from other credible CNN contributors. Take them both off next year's NYE PLEASE!
I titally agree.
Why in heavens name does CNN continue to feature Kathy Griffin for anything. She is not funny, she is one thing.....offensive. That was embarrassing to watch her on your CNN New Year Show. Do you guys really think she adds anything to the show. She continually interrupts Cooper and he giggles at EVERYTHING that comes out of her mouth.
I had a lot of respect for Anderson Cooper until I watched him with Kathy Griffin on new year's eve. How could you sink so low? Why would you have a woman like Griffin who will stoop to any length for some publicity as your co-host? She is just an insult to women all over the world. She is crude, not funny, annoying and without any talent. If you respect your women audience, please don't subject us to this kind of torture.
I felt sorry for Copper on New Years as a gay women wanted to put her message across to all.It was so I basing to me and my girlfriend who have children and morals do to our jobs.Mr. Copper did act as a pro that he is but this women who must be low class and does not have children nor never will dur to her chooses should not be allowed back as I am and have been a friend of CNN since the start.Well if I see this next year I will file a complant with the FCC and a Congressman who sits on the committee. Yhank you,James Daniel Dyer
Anderson. I have always thought you were a great guy with class and intelligence, but how you can have Kathy Griffon as your co host every New Years is beyond me. She isn't funny and she is downright disgusting! I only watched for a few minutes but my 12 year old grandson was watching with me and I quickly turned you off. If you think she is funny than I must change my opinion about you.
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text:
Apple brought its Nitro JavaScript engine to Mobile Safari as part of iOS 4.3. Nitro uses just-in-time compilation to dynamically convert interpreted JavaScript code into compiled native ARM code that runs as much as 2.5 times faster than interpreted code. The engine then changes the area in the memory where the native code is stored from writeable (for data storage) to executable (for code) to run the code directly.
Since Web-based applications rely heavily on JavaScript, Web apps running from within Mobile Safari got a significant speed boost form this improvement. Web apps saved to the home screen for direct access, however, did not. Those apps run in a separate process called Web.app, which wasn't able to take advantage of the Nitro engine.
Some speculated that Apple had done this deliberately to make Web apps seem like they perform worse than native apps. However, the difference ended up being credited to iOS's security model, which requires that executable code be digitally signed by the developer and verified by Apple.
"The way code signing works on the iPhone is that only pages [in memory] that come from signed applications can be executable," Charlie Miller, principle research consultant at Accuvant and iOS security expert, told Ars. "If an app tries to make a writeable page executable, it cannot. However, for JIT, this is exactly what you'd like to do."
Apple made a special exception for Mobile Safari to enable Nitro JIT compilation. In other words, Safari has special permission to generate code dynamically within protected memory and have that code executed by a device's CPU. In iOS 4.3 and higher, Web.app doesn't have the same permission. In iOS 5, though, it does. So, once iOS 5 is released to the public, all the Web apps that you have saved as icons on your home screen will run as fast as they do within Mobile Safari itself.
One caveat, though, is that third-party apps that load webpages in a WebKit view still won't take advantage of Nitro's fast JIT execution. Again, security is the main concern.
"The reason I think Apple hasn't allowed dynamic code injection in third-party apps is that allowing dynamic code injection in third-party apps doesn't just allow Nitro to work, it allows any code injection mechanism to work," Graham Lee, iOS app security consultant, told Ars. "That's a dangerous proposition: especially if the generated code is created as a result of parsing untrusted input from an unknown provider on the Internet."
Such code injection is how security holes are exploited by malicious software to do Very Bad Things™, such as access your data without permission, or capture sensitive information like credit card numbers or bank account passwords.
But why would Apple let such dynamically generated code run within Safari itself, as well as Web.app processes, if that code could result in a security breach for users? The answer is likely that Apple controls all the code in Mobile Safari and Web.app, and it can ensure code injection doesn't get outside iOS's application sandboxes.
"We have to assume that Apple is willing to take the risk when it comes to Web.app, Lee said. "Apple can, and probably does, perform a full security audit on the source for Web.app, in addition to other security testing, including Nitro itself. Therefore they understand the risk of permitting dynamic code insertion in a way that they can't know for third-party apps."
If problems are discovered in the field, Apple is also in a position to push out security updates to plug any holes. Paired with iOS 5's OTA "delta" update capability, it's possible to minimize the risk in a relatively short period of time. With third-party apps, on the other hand, there's no guarantee the developer would even notify Apple if a security issue was discovered. In any event, the only option Apple would have is to pull the app in question if a problem is discovered—not necessarily a great option for the developers of such apps nor their users.
Ultimately, most users won't know the subtleties of security models or the risks associated with dynamic code generation. But, giving Web.app the ability to run JavaScript using Nitro represents a good compromise between potential security risks and known user benefits.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Featured conditions
Brain tumor, breast cancer, colon cancer, congenital heart disease, heart arrhythmia. See more conditions.
Featured conditions
Drug information provided by: IBM Micromedex
A nurse or other trained health professional will give you this vaccine. It is given as a shot into one of your muscles.
If you are 15 years of age and older who are at continued risk for meningococcal infection, you should get a booster (repeat) dose of the vaccine at least 4 years after your last dose.
Portions of this document last updated: Feb. 01, 2023
Copyright © 2023 IBM Watson Health. All rights reserved. Information is for End User's use only and may not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes.
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text:
Morning Jolt: Boy held in bunker 'has hard time sleeping'
In the news
The 6-year-old boy who was kidnapped by a gunman who stormed a school bus in Alabama "has had a very hard time sleeping soundly," said his mother, Jennifer Kirkland. "He slings his arms and tosses and turns. He's cried out a few times." Kirkland and the boy, Ethan, will appear today on "The Dr. Phil Show," in what was the mother's first interview after the boy's six-day ordeal. Ethan was rescued after officials stormed the bunker where he was being held and killed his abductor.
Happening today
Today is Ash Wednesday, the first day of Lent, the holy season before Easter. Christians are encouraged to give up something for Lent.
Gas update
Gasbuddy.com reports that the average price of a gallon of gas nationwide is $3.578. One month ago it was $3.264.
Motivational quote
"Start with what is right rather than what is acceptable." - Peter F. Drucker
Watercooler talk: Emergency alert system warns residents of zombie apocalypse
Viewers who were watching the Steve Wilkos show got a bit of a scare Monday when the emergency alert system for their local TV station notified them of an apparent zombie apocalypse.
GateHouse News Service


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The closer the holidays loom, the less time harried families have to buy gifts, plan seasonal events and make travel arrangements. Unfortunately, when time is at a premium and you're forced to make last-minute decisions, it's usually your budget that suffers.
As an occasional procrastinator myself, let me share a few tips I've picked up over the years that can help take the expense (and stress) out of holiday planning:
Before you start shopping, calculate how much you can afford to spend on the holidays as a portion of your overall budget. If your finances are in good shape, spend no more than 1.5% of your annual income. But if you're deeply in debt, can't meet your regular monthly expenses or don't have an emergency fund, this isn't the time to rack up additional debt.
Once you determine an overall amount, tally up expected holiday-related expenses including gifts, decorations, new clothes and accessories, gift wrap, cards, postage, special meals and year-end gratuities. Don't forget travel-related expenses if you plan to leave town, and try to recall unanticipated expenses from last year.
If you're looking for ways to cut back, consider:
Arrange gift lotteries with family members and friends so everyone concentrates their time, effort and money on buying fewer, nicer gifts.
Speak candidly with friends, coworkers and extended family about placing a moratorium on exchanging gifts. They're probably feeling the pinch too.
If the gift-giving gesture is important to you, suggest pooling resources with others to make a sizeable contribution to a charity you all believe in.
Once you've determined your overall holiday spending budget (and before you start shopping) make a detailed list that includes the following: everyone on your shopping list; spending limits and several gift alternatives for each person; and how much you actually spend on each gift. If you overspend on one present you'll need to make up for it elsewhere. List what you gave each person to avoid giving them the same thing next year. List what each person gave you to avoid 're-gifting' disasters later on. Also consider 'other expenses' (decorations, etc.)
Some people relish hunting for bargains. Others loathe it. Either way, here are a few money-saving tips:
Clip newspaper and online coupons. Stores often match competitors' prices even if their own items aren't on sale. Plus, many consolidation websites post downloadable coupons and sale codes for online retailers.
Mobile shopping apps let in-store Smartphone and tablet users scan product barcodes and make on-the-spot price comparisons, read reviews, download coupons, buy products and more.
If you're traveling for the holidays, note that many airlines charge $25 or more for each checked bag. Many stores and websites ship gifts for free, saving you hassle at the airport.
Carefully read purchase-return policies for deadlines, exclusions (e.g., for sale or clearance items) and restocking charges.
Keep receipts. Many retailers will refund the price difference if an item goes on sale within a few weeks after purchase.
Check whether your credit card agreement provides free product warranty extensions and/or price protection.
And finally, consider the gift of time. Older relatives don't need more chocolates, but they probably could use help with chores, running errands or rides to doctor's appointments.
Plus, they would probably appreciate your company. Offer to babysit for harried parents so they can run a few errands or simply recharge their batteries.
Jason Alderman directs Visa's financial education programs. To Follow Jason Alderman on Twitter, see: www.twitter.com/PracticalMoney.


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Today in the News: Ex Gov. Bob McDonnell indicted for corruption
News to know
Former Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell and his wife, Maureen, were indicted today on charges of corruption. The one-time potential presidential candidate was charged with accepting more than $135,000 in gifts from Jonnie Williams Sr. Last year McDonnell repaid $120,000 to Williams, but officials are moving forward with the charges. McDonnell recently left office.
Quote of note
"I am 28 years old and have been waiting years to get up enough courage to report a teacher for sexually abusing me for years. When I finally got up enough courage to report her, I found out that the statute of limitations was up and she will never have to pay for the things that she did to me." - A woman who calls herself Jamie, in a caption on a YouTube recording. In the recording, she taped her former teacher, who admitted sexually abusing Jamie when she was 12. The female teacher resigned from her current teaching position after the video went public, and officials are looking into the case.
Hot video: Falcon cams capture amazing mid-air attack footage
Biologists outfitted falcons with helmet cameras to get a unique bird's eye view of how falcons pursue their prey in midair.
More Content Now


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A male African lion killed a woman volunteering as an intern at a California sanctuary on Wednesday. The lion, named Couscous, was shot and killed by a sheriff's deputy after the fatal attack that happened in his cage.
Wild animal expert Jeff Corwin, who held that lion as a cub, discusses the incident with Anderson Cooper. "These are powerful creatures and they possess incredible strength and predatory skills," he says.
The 4-year-old lion had been raised at the sanctuary since a young age. "These animals can spend a lifetime with little aggression and little examples of potential danger to humans beings, but when you weigh almost 400 pounds, you really only need to have one bad moment," says Corwin.
Filed under: 360° Radar
I truly HATE that they automatically killed this poor lion. He only did what came natural to him. Should it be legal to shoot a human for breathing? Wildlife caretakers know the risks when they take the job. It is a great shame that this woman died, but it did not bring her back when they killed Couscous, too. Her family still suffers, I have no doubt. This knee-jerk type of reaction needs to stop.
so sorry to hear of ms hansons death by the animals she loved. the lion couscous looks like he is a barbary lion which are endangered and almost extinct except for some barabary's living in sanctuaries like cat haven. unfortunate that we also had to lose another extinct animal in addition to the death of this young women. sad result for all involved in this tragedy.
why did they kill couscous? he was a lion, and everyone knows the risks.
i dont understand why they had to kill this lion.
I knew the woman that was killed. She was a very good friend and wanted to work with big cats for as long as I remember, at least since 1st grade. She was 24. I will miss her very much.
Anderson Cooper goes beyond the headlines to tell stories from many points of view, so you can make up your own mind about the news. Tune in weeknights at 8 and 10 ET on CNN.
Questions or comments? Send an email
Want to know more? Go behind the scenes with AC361°


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Update: A few hours after this article was published, the LivingSocial FAQ was updated to say the company was switching its hashing algorithm to bcrypt. This is a fantastic move by LivingSocial that adds a significant improvement for its users. Bravo!
LivingSocial.com, a site that offers daily coupons on restaurants, spas, and other services, has suffered a security breach that has exposed names, e-mail addresses and password data for up to 50 million of its users. If you're one of them, you should make sure this breach doesn't affect other accounts.
In an e-mail sent Friday, CEO Tim O'Shaughnessy told customers the stolen passwords had been hashed and salted. That means passcodes were converted into one-way cryptographic representations that used random strings to cause each hash string to be unique, even if it corresponded to passwords chosen by other LivingSocial users. He went on to say "your Living Social password would be difficult to decode." This is a matter for vigorous debate, and it very possibly could give users a false sense of security.
As Ars explained before, advances in hardware and hacking techniques make it trivial to crack passwords that are presumed strong. LivingSocial engineers should be applauded for adding cryptographic salt, because the measure requires password cracking programs to guess the plaintext for each individual hash, rather than guessing passwords for millions of tens of millions of hashes all at once. But a far more important measure of protection, password cracking experts say, is the hashing algorithm used. SHA1, the algorithm used by LivingSocial, is an extremely poor choice for secure password storage. Like MD5 and even the newly adopted SHA3 algorithms, it's designed to operate quickly and with a minimal amount of computing resources. A far better choice would have been bcrypt, scrypt, or PBKDF2.
In another understatement, O'Shaughnessy added: "We also encourage you, for your own personal data security, to consider changing password(s) on any other sites on which you use the same of similar password(s)." It's unfortunate company officials weren't more insistent on this point. Based on everything we know about modern password cracking, it will be trivial for the attackers to crack a large percentage of the LivingSocial passwords. Since the breach also exposed customer names and e-mail addresses, attackers can then try those passwords on other accounts held by the victims and easily access those that match. (The Washington, DC-based LivingSocial, which is partly owned by Amazon, is requiring all account holders to change their passwords.)
In the week following last year's leak of six million password hashes belonging to LinkedIn users, security experts were able to crack more than 90 percent of them in just six days. If the LivingSocial hashes were properly salted, it may take crackers longer to guess the underlying plain-text. But aside from the time investment, salting in no way makes cracking more difficult. The take-away from all of this is that people who used their LivingSocial password to secure accounts on other sites should change those passcodes immediately, and this measure should under no means be considered optional. Passwords should be randomly generated by a password-manager, contain a minimum length of 11 characters, and include numbers, letters, and symbols. They should also be unique to each site.
With 50 million customers affected, the LivingSocial hack is one of the bigger password breaches on record. The 2011 hack of Sony's PlayStation network is still much bigger, with data for around 100 million accounts exposed. O'Shaughnessy said company officials are working with law enforcement agencies to investigate the crime.
Story updated to add detail that LivingSocial used SHA1 algorithm.


text: Statistical inference is the process of drawing conclusions about populations or scientific truths from data. There are many modes of performing inference including statistical modeling, data oriented strategies and explicit use of designs and randomization in analyses. Furthermore, there are broad theories (frequentists, Bayesian, likelihood, design based, …) and numerous complexities (missing data, observed and unobserved confounding, biases) for performing inference. A practitioner can often be left in a debilitating maze of techniques, philosophies and nuance. This course presents the fundamentals of inference in a practical approach for getting things done. After taking this course, students will understand the broad directions of statistical inference and use this information for making informed choices in analyzing data.


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Home » Pioneers » VERHELST, XAVIER & SEBASTIAN BRADT: M&M Ancient Musics
VERHELST, XAVIER & SEBASTIAN BRADT: M&M Ancient Musics
For the last 40 years the Logos Foundation in Gent has featured, produced and supported a vast programme of experimental music. One of its most distinctive projects is the massive robot orchestra - a huge and growing array of invented instruments - all of them Goldbegeresque physical constructions that produce internally generated acoustic sound, programmed and played through computer driven mechanical processes... Here they have been programmed to play a broad concert of Baroque music, accompanied sometimes by a few humans (recorder, violin, tenor, viola da gamba). Works include pieces by Monteverdi, Dufay, Couperin, Purcell, Handel, Ortiz, Marais, Anon &c. A fascinating and successful CD and a pleasure to listen to, if you like Baroque - whose forms and formalisms suit perfectly these sounds and this kind of formal precision.L
Code: LPD018
Price: £14.50


text:
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text:
Death toll rises to 4 after body found
and Mead Gruver
The Associated Press
LYONS — Coffee-colored floodwaters cascaded downstream from the Colorado Rockies on Friday, transforming normally scenic rivers and creeks into fast, unforgiving torrents and forcing thousands more evacuations from water-logged communities beset by days of steady rain.
The relentless rush of water turned whole towns into muddy swamps and brought most transportation to a standstill. Damage assessments were on hold as authorities tried to rescue more than 2,500 people stranded in an emergency that stretched from Colorado Springs all the way to the Wyoming border.
A break in the weather aided crews as they ferried a dozen residents at a time out of Lyons and other mountain towns that had been cut off by high water. The Colorado National Guard tweeted that it helped evacuate nearly 300 people from Lyons and on Friday added helicopter flights to the search-and-rescue efforts, spokeswoman Cheresa Theiral said.
Many roads remained impassable, and still more rain was expected later in the day.
The overflowing St. Vrain River sliced the town of Longmont in half. All major roads were closed, and several thousand homes and businesses were without power.
"This one's going to bring us to our knees," said Tom Simmons, president and co-owner of Crating Technologies, a packing service that had its warehouse inundated. "It's hoping against hope. We're out of business for a long time."
Most of those who were stranded were not in immediate danger. Many chose to stay behind with loved ones or to watch over their property. But some families had been without electricity or running water for two days. Others were low on fuel and medicine.
At least four people have been killed. And the rains forced hundreds of people to seek emergency shelter up and down Colorado's heavily populated Front Range, which has received more than 15 inches of rain this week, according to the National Weather Service.
That's about half the amount of precipitation that normally falls in the foothills near Boulder during an entire year.
Boulder County officials said 80 people were unaccounted for Friday. But, they noted, that doesn't necessarily mean they are missing.
"It means we haven't heard back from them," county spokesman James Burrus said.
Wherever the muddy water gushed, it created an astounding mess and countless inconveniences. In at least one community, the flooding caused sewer grates to erupt into huge black geysers.
The National Park Service closed Rocky Mountain National Park and was escorting people from nearby Estes Park along a trail over the Continental Divide.
About 90 miles of Interstate 25 were closed Friday from Denver to Cheyenne, Wyo., because of flooding on the St. Vrain, Poudre and Big Thompson rivers, transportation officials said.
Two backpackers got stranded by an ice storm that resulted from the same weather system that caused the flooding.
Suzanne Turell and Connie Yang of York, Maine, last sent a text message Thursday with their GPS coordinates, but their cellphones went dead. The pair hiked off Longs Peak just as the National Park Service was organizing a rescue effort.
Boulder officials told about 4,000 people living along Boulder Creek to head for higher ground as debris and mud coming off the mountainsides caused the creek to rise rapidly Thursday night, authorities said.
The creek's waters ran a cafe-au-lait color and began to recede after midnight, but conditions remained dangerous, authorities said.
The entire hamlet of Eldorado Springs, home to about 500 people, was also urged to evacuate because of a flash flood and mudslide threat along South Boulder Creek, Burrus said.
In Fort Collins, neighborhoods along the Cache La Poudre River were evacuated overnight, with the river expected to rise to nearly 2 feet above flood stage Friday, according to the weather service.
The city closed bridges after water began topping Seaman Reservoir in the Poudre Canyon. Residents were warned to stay clear of the river.
In Lyons, residents took shelter on higher ground, including some at an elementary school, before National Guard convoys pushed through the water.
Dawn Lundell and John Johnson decided not to wait, instead hiking from the town through 200 yards of water in a canal. They described a "calm, reasonably festive" atmosphere among those who remained.
"Nobody minds roughing it a little bit in Lyons. We're all outdoorsy people. We call it Mayberry. Everybody helps each other," Lundell said.
By Friday afternoon, National Guard helicopters had rescued almost 300 people who got stuck in the small community of Jamestown, northwest of Boulder. County spokeswoman Liz Donaghey said two choppers were airlifting as many people as they could carry.
Boulder County Sheriff Joe Pelle said he expected to evacuate 2,500 people by the end of the Friday. Supplies were being airdropped to those awaiting help in Jamestown.
The weather service warned Friday of more flash flooding in Loveland. In the town of Drake, the Big Thompson River was more than 4 feet above flood stage. The Big Thompson caused the deadliest flash flood in state history in 1976, when about a foot of rain fell in just four hours, killing 144 people.
Jose Ayala spent Friday morning picking through what was left of his family's possessions in their two-story farmhouse near Berthoud. He and his sons watched the waters rise all Thursday evening, finally making the decision to flee at 11 p.m. with some documents and a computer.
"The rest is in the house. All gone, basically," Ayala said.
Some of the flooding was exacerbated by wildfire "burn scars" that have spawned flash floods all summer in the mountains. The flames strip away vegetation that normally helps absorbs excess water and leave a residue behind that sheds water.
Authorities raised the death toll to four Friday after finding the body of a woman who was swept away Thursday after the vehicle she was riding in got stuck in water north of Boulder. A man in the same vehicle died after he got out trying to help her.
One person was killed when a structure in Jamestown collapsed. Another man was found dead in a Colorado Springs creek.
Rain from the same storm also drenched drought-stricken New Mexico, sending rivers out of their banks, closing roads and stranding children at schools. Evacuations were reported from Las Vegas to Truth or Consequences.
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text:
NYC's Met opera still negotiating with 10 unions
NEW YORK (AP) — Contract negotiations are continuing between New York's Metropolitan Opera and 10 of its unions to avert a lockout.
Shortly before a 12:01 a.m. Wednesday deadline, Met spokesman Sam Neuman said there was "nothing to report" about ongoing talks with unions representing stagehands, carpenters and other artisans.
The musicians of the two largest Met unions reached tentative four-year deals Monday.
Met general manager Peter Gelb demanded pay cuts of about 17 percent, citing skyrocketing production costs and shrinking audiences. Union members countered that such a radical move was unwarranted on a $2.8 million deficit against a $326 million budget. They say Gelb wasted many millions on failed productions.
The orchestra and chorus agreed to cuts of 3.5 percent and 3.5 percent more within six months.


text:
Manuals/Neo FreeRunner
From Openmoko
English • العربية • Български • Česky • Dansk • Deutsch • Esperanto • Eesti • Español • فارسی • Suomi • Français • עברית • Magyar • Italiano • 한국어 • Nederlands • Norsk (bokmål) • Polski • Português • Română • Русский • Svenska • Slovenčina • Українська • 中文(中国大陆) • 中文(台灣) • Euskara • Català
Thank you for purchasing the Neo FreeRunner. This is the second phone developped by the Openmoko project. This guide will help you get to know your Neo FreeRunner and how to start using your Neo FreeRunner.
Setting up the hardware, getting to know the Neo FreeRunner physically
Installing the Micro-SD card, the SIM card, and the Battery
- Remove the rear cover of the Neo FreeRunner by first holding the Neo FreeRunner on the side and then use a credit card (or your fingernail, if you have strong fingernails) to prise off the rear cover at the slot on top of the device.
- Now you should be able to locate the combined SIM and Micro-SD card holder at the bottom of the battery compartment.
- Unlock the SIM card holder by sliding the metal clip down, towards the USB socket, with your fingernail. Use caution, as these parts are delicate and could be damaged by forcing them in the wrong direction.
- Lift up on the SIM card holder.
- Before using any Micro-SD card, have a look to the list of known to be supported Micro-SD cards.
- The Micro-SD card holder is held in place by a latch on either side. It is easiest to open the Micro-SD card holder by releasing these latches one at a time rather than by lifting from the middle, as lifting from the middle tends to increase the latching pressure. A small screwdriver or knife can be used for this, though it's strongly deprecated. Refer to this photo footage for a simple yet handy little hack involving some scotchtape, to make your life easier.
- Insert the Micro-SD card into the Micro-SD card holder. Note that on the inside of metal part of the holder there are little holding tabs for the card. Slide the card in these holders (on the metal part) before closing the card holder. Note that the electrical contacts should face down and towards the edge of the Neo FreeRunner.
- Close the Micro-SD card holder, making sure that both latches of the holder are securely fastened.
- Insert the SIM card into the SIM card holder, taking care to slide inside the two metal tabs in the cover. Note that the electrical contacts should face down and that the cut corner should be closest to the external GPS Antenna Socket.
- Close the SIM card holder and lock it by sliding the metal clip towards the external GPS Antenna Socket on the FreeRunner.
- Insert the battery into the battery compartment, aligning the electrical contacts on the battery with the electrical contacts in the battery compartment. Insert the side with the electrical contacts first.
- Replace the rear cover on the FreeRunner.
A short video is also available. It was shot using the previous version of the Neo, but the installation procedure remains the same.
Charging the Neo FreeRunner
Before using the Neo FreeRunner for the first time, you should charge the battery completely. The battery can be charged using the provided charger at 1000mA or from a powered USB port capable of providing 500mA worth of current. Most computers will be able to charge the FreeRunner without any problems.
Neo FreeRunner does NOT charge when powered off, so be sure to turn it on and allow it to boot all the way to the GUI (Graphical User Interface). This should happen automatically when you plug in USB power, either from a computer or the provided charger. If it does not, you can turn the power on manually by pressing and holding the power button, which is located just below the USB jack.
Although the provided charger is rated at 2A, the maximum charge rate of the Neo FreeRunner is 1A, and thus the charge rate with the charger is less than the charger capacity.
The provided charger includes three "national" plugs. The default is North America, with alternative U.K (3 square pins) and Euro (two round pins) adapters. To install the alternative power adapters, depress the latch in the cover (on the opposite side of the charger from the product information label) and slide the cover outward. Note that the two North American pins do not come out; the other adapters slide over them, and snap into place. The two-pin Euro adapter is removed in the same way as the cover. The three-pin U.K. adapter is removed by gently pressing the dummy ground pin (black) toward the end of the adapter with the cord and then sliding it off the adapter.
Charging an empty battery at 100mA takes 12~15 hours *), at 500mA (PC) takes 2~3 hours, and at 1000mA (wallcharger) takes 1.5~3hours. (90%~100%)
*) charging with 100mA will occur only if device is suspended, as otherwise system takes more power than the 100mA provided by USB power source, and your battery never reaches full capacity or even drains slowly.
|NOTE: See Neo FreeRunner Hardware Issues about not allowing the battery to discharge completely.
Buttons and connectors
Tapping the power button suspends the GTA02.Holding the power button shutsdown the device.
Tapping or holding the Aux button locks the screen.
Phone Jack
The phone jack is a 2.5mm connector with four contacts: stereo + MIC. It is compatible with the headsets used by Motorola smartphones (A780,A1200, ...) and the V-360.
More information on Headset page.
Identifying which revision you have
You will want to determine which revision of the phone you have
- remember your date code, the bottom of your shipping box should have a sticker stating it.
- read Finding_hardware_revision
These two are important, as they allow you to know which image is flashed on your phone at the factory (c.f. Distributions and Neo FreeRunner (aka GTA02) revisions).
Software installation
Almost all of the software on the Neo FreeRunner can be updated, including the bootloader which is needed to power up the device and the software on the GSM chip.
By default, the Neo FreeRunner comes with a default distribution flashed in, so you should not need the following yet. Go read OM 2008 manual to start with your phone right now. You will probably flash your phone later to switch to a newer and actively maintained distribution.
Installing a bootloader
The bootloader is needed to start up the operating system on the phone. Qi is the recommended bootloader for the Neo FreeRunner. Installing it will result in faster booting. If you want to have more than two different operating systems on your phone you should still stick with U-Boot, which is the older bootloader. You can download a bootloader from http://downloads.openmoko.org/distro/testing/NeoFreerunner/ and install it using the program NeoTool on your Linux PC. (See http://wiki.openmoko.org/wiki/No_Linux if you do not have Linux on your PC)
Updating the GSM Firmware
The current version of the GSM Firmware is called Moko 11. If you do not have this version installed yet you should do an upgrade, which will fix several issues related to the phone functionality of the FreeRunner.
This works by starting the FreeRunner from a system installed on the uSD, which will automatically apply all needed instructions to flash the GSM firmware to the chip. The uSD image will have to be written on a uSD, which will overwrite all its content, so as to make sure it is repartitioned correctly and that it contains the correct bootable system. The procedure has proven to do a reliable job on flashing MOKO11 to GTA02. Chances anything fails are minimal if you _strictly_ follow the instructions. There's no way to do any harm to your device by using this method.
Take special care though about the destination of `dd`, it has to be the *physical* device (e.g. foo0) of your uSD-card, *not* any partition (e.g. foo0p1). Also make sure there are *no* mounted partitions left on the uSD when starting `dd`!
Triple-check you are not accidentally overwriting your system-HD, by e.g using /dev/sda instead of /dev/sdc! Double-check once more! This is the one-typo-kills-system case ;-) You've been warned.
- Download and untar http://people.openmoko.org/joerg/calypso_moko_FW/moko11/flash-moko11_uSD-image.tar.gz on your desktop computer. Read the README.tx file that came with the tarball.
- Insert a uSD to your computer's reader, and unmount all uSD-partitions that might have been automounted (use mount or df -h to check). Do not use "safely remove" for this.
- Use dd to write the image flash-moko11-2.image to the physical(!) uSD-device (this will erase all data from your uSD, including previous partition table and partitions! It will as well erase all data from your computer's HD, in case you accidentally `dd` to this device instead of uSD). Log in as root or use sudo to get root privileges needed to write to the uSD card. For example:
- Execute sync or eject <device> to make sure everything is flushed to the uSD before physically removing it from the reader.
- Insert the uSD to your FreeRunner, boot from NOR-U-Boot and select the "Boot from microSD" option.
- See the boot and flashing process happen, and wait until a green "d_o_n_e" message shows on screen (takes some 6 min). You may can now remove the uSD or login via ssh and use mickeyterm to access the modem and check the firmware version is indeed moko11. Right after flashing, pressing the power button will suspend/resume the Neo, but not shut it down. If you want to do so, you can either remove the battery by hand, or (more gentle way) log in as root into it through the USB cable (root password is blank), and issue:
% sudo dd if=flash-moko11-2.image of=/dev/mmcblk0
# shutdown -h now
If you don't have a uSD reader on your PC, you can dd from the Neo: install task-base-smbfs, u(n)mount /media/card, mount the directory in which you have the flash-moko11-2.image file and do the dd stuff. This will take about 12 minutes.
You can speed this up by re-gziping just the image file and using the following command to decompress it directly to the flash card:
% gzip -d < flash-moko11-2.image.gz > /dev/mmcblk0
Using this gzip method, you can actually do the update with an in place image as long as it is shell enabled and has 92M free on the main file system (all but Android and Neovento right now). Just get the 92M gzip file to the phone, use the above line to extract it to the card after unmounting.
Or, maybe in a more simpler manner:
root@om-gta02 ~ $ umount /media/card and then from desktop: scp flash-moko11-2.image email@example.com:/dev/mmcblk0
Whether you have Qi installed or not (see above) as your boot loader, you must power up to the NoR menu (Hold AUX Key, press Power button) and select "Boot from microSD (fat/ext2)" to begin the installation process (per DocScrutinizer in #openmoko). Do not let Qi boot the uSD. Although it still seems to flash OK, the green "d_o_n_e" does not show up, to give you the warm feeling that everything is OK.
You can confirm the firmware version number using the mickeyterm (cmd: "AT+CGMR"). In SHR-Settings, Phone/Modem Information will supply the same number.
Installing a distribution
This section describes how to install a distribution on the internal flash memory of the Neo FreeRunner. If you want to install it on the memory card please refer to the guide provided by the distribution.
For installing a new distribution you will need two files, a root file system (rootfs) image and a kernel image. The root file system image usually ends with ".jffs2", and the kernel image ends with ".uimage.bin". You can get these files from http://wiki.openmoko.org/wiki/Download . Use the program NeoTool to install the distribution on your FreeRunner. The flashing process can take up to 15 minutes for a ~70MB image. It is also wise to make sure that your Neo has enough battery charge prior to flashing.
When flashing succeeds the following will be shown:
status(0) = No error condition is present Done!


text:
Anzeige der Einträge 1-1 von 1
A comparison of pig farmers' and veterinarians' perceptions and intentions to reduce antimicrobial usage in six European countries
Zoonoses and Public Health
Antimicrobial (AM) resistance is an increasing problem in human and veterinary medicine. To manage this problem, the usage of AM should be reduced in pig farming, as well as in other areas. It is important to investigate ...
01 - Zeitschriftenartikel, Journalartikel oder Magazin


text:
Mon City Anchor's Origins Revealed
Washington PA
Observer Reporter
14 November 2012
MONONGAHELA – Monongahela intended on using an old anchor it received from the U.S. Navy as the centerpiece of a war memorial honoring those from the city who were killed in action.
Instead, the city parked the anchor dating to 1862 in front of a brick wall outside the fire station, where it still sits today.
"It's one of those things we have that we don't know what to do with," said local businessman Don DeVore, a volunteer city fireman.
Now, three decades after receiving the anchor used on the original USS Monongahela, the city will install a plaque beside it revealing why it's special to the town.
"A lot of people ask what it is and why it's here," said DeVore, owner of DeVore Hardware.
The story begins in 1979 with a visit from Navy Lt. Jerry Miller to see if the city would adopt the namesake of the third USS Monongahela when the Cimarron-class oiler launched, DeVore said.
A relationship quickly grew then between city officials and crew members of the ship, who toured a local coal mine and the former Combustion Engineering plant, which built parts for the ship's boilers. The city treated the crew like celebrities, featuring its members in a parade and at a fireman's ball.
In the early 1980s, the old "anchor just showed up," DeVore said.
"It came up on a bus one day," he said.
The Navy had recovered the anchor from Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, in 1980, where the original barkentine-rigged screw sloop-of-war sank in 1908 after catching fire. The vessel weighed 2,078 tons and had been assigned as reinforcement in Mobile Bay, Ala., during the Civil War and went on to become Admiral David Glasgow Farragut's temporary flagship, engaging Confederate batteries off the coast of Louisiana and assisting Army troops in Brownsville, Texas, according to a 1979 Navy newspaper story about the city.
The Navy no longer has a USS Monongahela on the water, after decommissioning the last one in 1999 before selling it to Brazil, DeVore said.
The city will hold a ceremony at 11 a.m. Saturday outside City Hall, 449 W. Main St., to recognize the anchor with the new plaque.
"I'm glad," Monongahela Mayor Bob Kepics said. "It sat there all this time, and no one knew what it was."


text:
Dana Milbank: The shutdown's enforcer in chief
By Dana Milbank
"Obama will feel pain," Michael Needham predicted.
Needham looked as though he were angry enough to administer the pain himself. The 31-year-old chief executive of the conservative group Heritage Action gripped his coffee cup tightly with both hands as he spoke to reporters over breakfast Wednesday. When he reached for his water glass, there was a slight tremor in his hand.
But the ones feeling the pain from Needham right now are Republicans. His group, funded by the Koch brothers and anonymous donors, is the one that joined Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, to rally opposition to Obamacare this summer. Together, Cruz and Heritage Action deserve much of the credit for forcing the government shutdown -- and Heritage is threatening to use its considerable war chest against Republicans who waver in the effort to abolish the nation's health care law.
This is a heady experience for the fast-talking New York native who graduated from Williams College and Stanford business school. And Needham is rather enjoying the shutdown he helped bring about.
"If we want to sit in a government shutdown for the next several weeks over the NLRB (National Labor Relations Board) and EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) being shut down, I'm perfectly happy to sit in that situation," he said at the breakfast, arranged by the Christian Science Monitor, "until President Obama stops this unaffordable and unfair law."
He must be happy, because he's resisting any reasonable effort to end the shutdown. He dismissed as a "laughably bad idea" a compromise that would reopen the government in exchange for a repeal of a medical device tax. He belittled as "insufficient" House Republicans' offer to keep the government running if the individual mandate were delayed. Asked about a Wall Street Journal op-ed by Rep. Paul Ryan, R-Wis., that didn't mention Obamacare, Needham told the 2012 vice presidential nominee to get back on message: "The attention of Republicans and conservatives needs to be back on Obamacare and not other ways out of this situation."
Needham was cocky and brazen, and yet Republicans have to take him seriously. GOP lawmakers live in fear of primary challenges from tea-party candidates, so they must obey those who influence tea-party activists. Needham's group has influence -- and a lot of cash.
The Heritage Foundation tapped Needham, a Heritage staffer, to create Heritage Action three years ago, a few months after the Supreme Court's Citizens United decision made such 501(c)(4) organizations a new way for the wealthy to influence politics. Needham's operation fits well with recent moves by Heritage's new president, former Sen. Jim DeMint, R-S.C., to politicize the old think tank, and it rivals another 501(c)(4), the Club for Growth, in its capacity to terrify Republican officeholders.
Right now, Needham is ordering these lawmakers not to end the shutdown: "We should not pass a full funding of the government unless and until Obamacare is addressed." Others see peril for Republicans in the strategy, but Needham called it a "path to electoral success" that is treating Republicans "fairly well." Others condemn the use of a shutdown to repeal laws, but Needham said "the process is being used now just as the process should be used in the future." He called Obama "gargantuanly constitutionally arrogant" for refusing to abandon his signature achievement. He ridiculed as "fear-mongering" the idea that the government will go into default if the debt ceiling isn't raised.
At the moment, Needham is fighting alongside Republicans. But Heritage Action's broader goal is to turn the GOP into a "libertarian populist" party freed from Wall Street and K Street. Slate's John Dickerson asked whether Needham was trying to force a confrontation to induce a "massive crackup of the old order" in the GOP.
"I'm pretty optimistic that it's going to happen and it's going to happen pretty soon," Needham said.
Perhaps. But Needham won't say who's contributing to his populist movement or how much, other than the $500,000 from the Kochs. "The laws in this country are such that 501(c)(4)s don't disclose their donors," he told the reporters. "If you have a problem with that, you should change the laws."
That's true. In the topsy-turvy world of Republican politics, a 31-year-old staffer can lead a shutdown of the federal government using secret funding.
A questioner asked whether Needham would support the ouster of House Speaker John Boehner if he ends the shutdown without destroying Obamacare.
"I don't have a vote in who's speaker," Needham said.
That was a rare moment of modesty. His may be the only vote that matters.
Follow Dana Milbank on Twitter, @Milbank.
Washington Post Writers Group


text:
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text:
TNB: No Such Luck
A simple house chore saves the author from being swept away in an avalanche.
I shuffled barefoot in the kitchen, my robe swinging awkwardly open on a Saturday morning
in February. I pushed grind on the espresso machine, and debated whether I should solo a long and easy local ice route or do nothing and let
the day slide effortlessly by.
Then I saw it: A dishwasher dish tab on the floor by the cutting-board island. The dishwasher was full and I had meant to run it, but had forgotten until
just now. The dish tab was a lucky reminder, but how had it gotten there? I pondered this for half a minute—a subtlety as seemingly insignificant
as a shift in a wind.
I picked up the little block of detergent, put it in the dishwasher tray and turned on the machine. It rejoiced with swishing and roaring sounds.
The dish tab, I figured, was a GOOD omen—as powerful as finding your initials in a spider web. I would go climbing.
Earlier I had had a BAD omen—in my dream I was approaching a long, easy ice flow when the approach snowfield avalanched. I couldn't remember if I'd
been caught in the slide. It had just thundered, rumbled, gotten dark … and then there I was looking at the dish tab.
I don't believe in superstition, luck or talismans. The two ghosts I've seen were reflections and my good luck (including falling unroped off the top of
a 400-foot-high desert tower and walking away) probably happens to other people all the time. Still, I decided to avoid the standard snow slog up to
the climb and approach through the brush and loose rock off to the side and avoid any avalanche danger. I got my tools and crampons and stuffed a rope
in a pack for the rappels.
rumbled, gotten dark … and then there I was looking at the dish tab.
was unpleasantly soft even over in the brush. Sweat ran into my eyes as I pressed upward through the oak and scree. A sharp, stout branch tore a hole
in my pants, but I kept going.
For the final approach to the ice you enter a tight and snow-filled couloir that is perhaps a thousand feet long and no more than 10 feet across in some
places. A perfect trap.
I remembered the dream and the avalanche and scrambled along the side of the couloir until I found a large round boulder that I could move. I trundled
this into the gully. It rolled, snowballing down until it sank and disappeared beneath the white stuff.
Satisfied that the snow in the couloir wouldn't slide, I jumped in and postholed to the climb.
From the valley floor you can easily see the route: Some 500 feet of thin clear ice runs like a veil of gauze up through a series of bulges and rampy flows
on a deeply snow-plastered face, but at the base, looking up, you can't see anything. A roof blocks the view.
Happy to have the approach behind me, I snorted and sat in the shelter of a large and dusty cave.
I dumped the rope and as I worked out the kinks I realized that the cave would make a comfortable and dry home. I glanced quickly into the darkness. No
eyes glowed back. I studied the dirt floor for tracks. Just a couple of years earlier our valley neighbors had woken one morning to find four mountain
lions cavorting in the front yard. Another neighbor went on a hike and three years later is still missing.
Relieved to find that I was alone, I clipped on my crampons, tossed out the rope so it hung in a beeline down the couloir, kicked onto the ice and began.
The ice was too thin to hold picks so I shouldered the tools and rock climbed with my hands, smearing crampon points into the cracked ice and pushing my
back against the wall that forms the right side of the climb's opening dihedral.
After 30 feet the wall bulged and I was glad that I had brought the rope for the raps. Years ago I'd soloed the same flow, neglected to bring a rope, and
after finding no other way off the wall, had had to downclimb this tricky bit. Funny that I hadn't remembered that detail until just then.
Struggling along, I was mildly surprised that I was having to do real moves, and burrowed deeper into the corner for security. At the bulge, the
dihedral opened into a full chimney and I wiggled into the sarcophagus-like crack, crampons sparking on the wall and my tools giving me tender love
jabs in the neck and groin.
bit. Funny that I hadn't remembered that detail until just then.
refrigerated air, psyching up to bust out of the chimney and onto the exposed sheet of ice.
Far below on the valley floor the occasional car buzzed along the blacktop of Highway 133 and I heard the distinct scraping of a snowplow with its blade
down, an oddity since it hadn't snowed in at least a week. Guy is probably drunk, I thought, or just having fun like I would if I had a snowplow and
nothing to do on a Saturday morning.
I unshouldered the tools and wondered again about the sound of the snowplow. The scraping was louder now, as if it was getting closer.
It got dark as the avalanche ripped past. Not dark like at night, but like when you are in a tent in the day and zipper the door shut. The light just changes
and you know something is different.
Sheltered in the chimney I didn't have a worry and marveled at my ringside seat—not everyone gets to see the underside of an avalanche. The snow
was, as the cliché notes, like concrete but it was also as I noted very loud. Until then I had imagined that it should be silent, like going underwater.
Jefe says that when he was growing up in Texas he once climbed under a train trestle, crawled up to within a few feet of the tracks and lay there transfixed
and terrified as a train thundered by.
"Did you want to reach out and touch the train?" I asked, imagining a photo I'd seen of a surfer in a big tube, reaching out to stroke a hand against the
wall of water.
Jefe said no but I wondered—faced with the beauty, how could you resist?
The amorphous wave swept the wall I'd been climbing just 30 seconds earlier and when it hit the couloir it sucked on my trailing rope. I expected I'd be
torn from the chimney, but before I could consider what I'd do the slide stopped and the tension on the rope relaxed.
I clawed out of the chimney and pulled onto a ledge. A section of the wall perhaps 40 feet wide had been swept completely clean, exposing bare rock and
a perfect finger of ice that rolled up and over bulges and out of sight. Crystals of snow hung in the air and sparkled like little angels in the sunlight.
It was a good sign.


text:
NEW YORK – Few would think about swimming in Antarctica, but Sports Illustrated took its models there for its annual swimsuit issue – shooting on all seven continents for the first time.
The around-the-globe effort will be chronicled by the Travel Channel in a special on Feb. 17. Sports Illustrated said Tuesday it's the first to do a fashion shoot in Antarctica, where temperatures were subfreezing.
Among the locations featured are Namibia, China, Australia and Easter Island, one of the most remote places on Earth.
Swimsuit magazine editor MJ Day says it took seven months to complete.
Sports Illustrated will reveal its cover Monday. It can be a star-making opportunity. Last year's cover model was Kate Upton. The magazine hits newsstands Feb. 12.
Online: sportsillustrated.cnn.com/


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text:
This article was originally published in the May/June 1992 issue of Home Energy Magazine. Some formatting inconsistencies may be evident in older archive content.
| Home Energy Home Page | Back Issues of Home Energy |
Home Energy Magazine Online May/June 1992
Convective Loss in Loose-Fill Attic Insulation
by David W. Conover
David W. Conover is an architect concerned with affordable housing, particularly with regard to energy conservation.
Yes, Virginia, there is convective loss through loose-fill fiber-glass attic insulation, and researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have quantified it. They have also tested remedial measures-additional layering or covers- that reduce the losses.
Commonly held assumptions about how insulation works are being refuted, and some long-standing mysteries solved by experiments at a new, large testing facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). This article is a progress report of recent testing there of low- density, loose-fill fiber-glass attic insulation.
A Mystery Revealed
Research in 1982 by Kenneth Wilkes and James Rucker at Owens- Corning Fiberglas first measured heat transport in fiber-glass loose- fill attic insulation (see HE, Oct/Nov '84, p.27). They found heat loss was greater than that measured in standardized small-scale test methods (ASTM C 687), or as predicted in conduction and radiation modeling. Until their study, conventional wisdom held that heat flowed through fiber-glass insulation only by conduction and radiation, i.e., through entrapped static air and the glass filaments of the insulation, and via the scattering and emitting of rays of heat through the material.
The Wilkes-Rucker tests revealed that the loss of heat through low- density, loose-fill fiber-glass attic insulation increased significantly as the temperature differential grew between the heated space below (e.g., a living space) and the cold space above (e.g., an attic). However, their tests reaffirmed that under normal conditions, convective heat loss through fiber-glass batt insulation was negligible.
On the Case: The Large Scale Climate Simulator
By 1990, Wilkes was established at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and began to test loose-fill fiber-glass attic insulation to determine whether his earlier findings could be substantiated and better understood.
Testing was done in the new testing facility at Oak Ridge, the Large Scale Climate Simulator. The experimental facility at the DOE- sponsored Roof Research Center is composed of three chambers: a climate chamber, a metering chamber, and a guard chamber. Test panels or assemblies are placed on the roof test platform between the upper climate chamber and the lower metering and guard chambers (see Figure 1). Climate chamber temperatures can be controlled from ÃÂÂÂÂ40 degrees F to 150 degrees F under either steady-state or dynamic conditions, and, when using infrared lamps, heat on the upper surface of the test panel can reach 200 degrees F, so the lab can simulate climates from extremely hot to extremely cold.
The metering and guard chambers can be independently heated or cooled to temperatures from 45 degrees F to 150 degrees F. Normally, both chambers are kept the same temperature to minimize heat flow in all directions but towards the test panel. Automatic controls for the metering and guard chambers can maintain operating temperatures to within + or - 0.2 degrees F. Similarly, the climate chamber's temperatures can be accurately controlled except when the infrared lights are in use. When the infrared lights are in use, the control is by a sensor of the top surface of the test specimen.
The 14 ftx16 ft attic module built for this study was constructed of conventional wood framing materials and sized to fit the Large Scale Climate Simulator testing facility (see Figure 2). Slope of the roof is 5 in 12. Rafters and ceiling joists of the module are 2x4s, 24 in. on center, and roofing is medium grey fiber-glass shingles over roofing felt on 1/2 in. plywood sheathing. The attic floor is 1/2 in. gypsum board. Ventilation enters through the eaves with exhausting at ridge vents. During testing, ventilation was controlled mechanically by blowers at the eaves. The researchers assumed that vapor retarders would play no role in the thermal tests and therefore they were not utilized.
Before insulation testing, the reseachers tested the uninsulated attic module to establish baseline measurements and to correlate these measurements with the earlier work by Wilkes and Rucker.
After establishing the baseline references for the module, they tested two specimens of loose-fill fiber-glass insulation. Both specimens came from the same manufacturer and the same batch, and the same certified local insulating contractor installed both specimens with the same blowing machine and operators. The target nominal R-value for both tests was R-19 (19 hr-ft2-degrees F/Btu). For this test, label thickness was 8.25 in. and a label density was 0.5 lbs/ft3. Actual thickness of the first specimen was 9-10 in. with an installed density of 0.45-0.50 lbs/ft3, and the installed thickness of specimen 2, was 9 1/2 in. with a density of 0.40 lbs/ft3.
To verify the accuracy of the attic module test measurements the researchers then substituted a 5 in.-thick panel of expanded polystyrene foam for the loose-fill fiber glass. Climate chamber temperatures of the Large Scale Climate Simulator ranged from 45 degrees F to -18 degrees F, with accuracy of 2.3% as compared to a simple straight-line path calculation of the known thermal conductivity of the foam.
R-Value Divided by Two
Tests of both specimens revealed that as the temperature differential increased, apparent conductive resistance (R-value) of the insulation decreased (see Figure 3). Thermal resistance at the greatest temperature differential was as much as half the estimated nominal thermal resistance of the insulation. For specimen 1, thermal resistance dropped to R-9.2, and for specimen 2, measured thermal resistance was as low as R-11.1 when the attic temperature was at -8 degrees F.
The investigations confirmed that natural convection occurred within the insulation itself. The reason is that air densities changed with the temperature differences. As warmer air from the heated space below reached the top of the insulation, the air cooled, became more dense and fell back into the insulation. As part of these observations, the researchers made infrared scans of the upper surface of the insulation. The heat patterns resembled the traditional hexagonal Benard cell pattern of natural convection occurring in fluids heated from below (see Figure 4).
Cellulose Holds its Own
Loose-fill cellulose, initial testing indicates, allows no such convective patterns to develop. Using a similar test procedure on the Attic Test Module, Wilkes and Childs recently completed the first phase of testing for the Cellulose Insulation Standards Enforcement Program, using a product, Forest Wool brand, selected by the standards group as an average or typical cellulose product. R-values increased as the temperature difference across the cellulose increased-the opposite effect that the fiber glass exhibited. The researchers concluded that the cellulose tested did not allow convective losses as the fiber glass had. Oak Ridge plans to test more samples and types of insulation in the future.
Pull Up the Covers The Oak Ridge researchers have also tested insulation covers to measure their effect on the convective loss of fiber glass. A sampling of experiments follows:
Spunbonded polyolefin radiant barrier film was laid over the top of the insulation, low-emittance side facing up. The effect was to increase the thermal resistance an average of 27%-with the percentage increasing as temperature differential grew. The radiant barrier reduced heat flux approximately 20%. The effect of the radiant barrier under winter conditions appears to block the flow of air from the attic space into the insulation, but did not eliminate convective transport within the loose-fill insulation itself.
A second cover of perforated polyethylene film over the loose-fill insulation increased thermal resistance only 5-10%, and lowered heat flow 4- 9%. It was much less effective than the radiant barrier in blocking convective air exchange because of the perforations.
Another cover experiment tested a patented product developed by Attic Seal, Inc., consisting of 'pillows' made of 1-in. (0.8 lb/ft3) fiber-glass blankets sandwiched between two layers of perforated polyethylene film. The pillows increased the thermal resistance by as much as 104%, and decreased the heat flow by approximately 48%. In this experiment, minor compression of the original fiber- glass occurred.
One of the final experiments included the additional layer of a 1-in. unfaced fiber-glass insulation 'blanket' (density of 1 lb/ft3) over the loose-fill insulation. Thermal resistance increased 12 to 16%, with a heat flow of 10-13% lower than the results with the pillow in place. The blanket was actually or slightly more effective than the pillow. This is believed to be due to the blanket having a slightly larger thermal resistance and/or air flow resistance due to its higher density. (see Figure 5.)
In all cases with the convective cover experiments, thermal performance of the loose-fill insulation improved. Open questions remain about vapor entrapment, the additional costs of the covers, or the possibility of other remedies to unwanted convective flow. When researchers are able to answer these and similar questions, manufacturers will probably develop more convection retarder products. These will be useful for retrofitting fiber-glass insulation; but for new installations, cellulose alone, while less expensive, will out perform fiber-glass loose fill, especially in cold climates. Of course, only two types of insulation have been tested before and it is probably too soon to jump to conclusions.
New research facilities such as the Large Scale Climate Simulator and the cooperation and support from insulation material manufacturers will enable researchers to analyze the characteristics and properties of insulating materials in greater detail and with much more accuracy than ever before.
Kenneth E. Wilkes, Robert L. Wendt, Agnes Delmas and Phillip W. Childs, Thermal Performance of One Loose-Fill Fiberglas Attic Insulation, Insulation Materials: Testing and Applications, ASTM Conference Proceedings, Oct. 1991, pp. 275-291.
K. E. Wilkes, R. L. Wendt, A. Delmas and P. W. Childs, Attic Testing at the Roof Research Center-Initial Results, 1991, International Symposium on Roofing Technology, (Montreal) NRCA, p. 391-400.
Jeffrey E. Christian, Technics: Under Steep Roofing, May 1991, Progressive Architecture, p 54-56.
K.E. Wilkes and P.W. Childs, Evaluation of a Loose-Fill Cellulose Insulation in a Simulated Residential Attic under Winter Conditions- Phase I, ORNL/M-1646, Oak Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 1991.
The funding for this research and its publication in Home Energy come from the U.S. DOE's Office of Building Technologies. Special thanks to Donna Hawkins, Jeff Christian, and Peter Scoffield for their help in the preparation of this article.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
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Keeping Them Honest, Anderson Cooper points out the lies and the real story behind two new attack ads from Mitt Romney's campaign about the strength of the U.S. Navy and "apology tours."
Post by: Anderson Cooper
Filed under: 2012 Election • Keeping Them Honest • Mitt Romney • President Barack Obama
I don't listen to debates or stump speeches during an election season... All speeches are geard to tell people what they want, regardless of the nominee whether he be dem or republican. The best bet is to look at the actual record of the person running. Look at their history. The truth is there.
I recently read there is a reward to anyone able to come up with a cure to "robo" calling. Help me understand the emenient closure of the election but the total abuse of unwanted and unsolicited phone calls by political campaigns searching for uncommitted voters. How successful would one expect the results of the investment in annoying people. help me to understand you search for a solution if you are the source. And how can you expect an indepentant to feel any political faith in either party if they can't even understand annoying phone call from someone at the worst time
Through the campaign there has been a lot of talk about small business. But what can either acnidate offer to who are workers and not entrepreneurs?
Mr. Young you have to realize that jobs are not created by the common workforce they arecreatedby people with money and if they can't stayin business they can't putpeopletowork. Keeping the small business viablale and growing helps you and many others like us to have a place to work and bring a paycheck home.
"This is all about indipendents, and Romney has gained %65 in just two weeks! "
Thanks Anderson for being a true journalist reporting just the facts. It is about time for US news to take a good look at itself and keep the true meaning of free press alive. What is the difference if the a news agency is run be the government or by a party line. the result is that they do not report the truth. Facts in this race has been some thing a lot less important and value than acting on stage.
It is interesting to see the advertisement portrayed like this after the last debate. I wonder if Mr. Romney's behavior during the debate is a set-up for these series of advertisements? If he was acting "presidential" knowing his group will be making the commercials.
On a different comment: If Senate Candidate Richard Mourdock believe a pregnancy conceived from a rape is gods will. If that child is gay/lesbian, will that child still be consider part of gods will? Or if the child and mother are poor is it gods will for them to live like that?
Ronmesia is all talk and no substance. Has anyone realized what was Romnesia's strategy at the three presidential debates? He thinks he's clever but this man's a crook! Well, his strategy worked to perfection at the first debate and his strategy was also aided by Jim Lehrer's seemingly intentional interruption of the President (I counted 8 times the President was interrupted to zero times Romney was interrupted). But Romnesia's strategy was to keep talking and talking way beyond the time allotted for each topic, thereby limiting the response time for the President. And even if he wasn't making any sense in what he was babbling about, he kept talking and talking and on the three occasions, the moderators had to move on to the next topic, inevitably denying the President a chance to respond because Romnesia used us so much time blabbling without making any sense. That reminds me of sports. When you play a dominant team, you try to shorten the game by holding on to the ball and running out the clock. Or keep a hot quarterback on the sideline by controlling time possession of the ball. Yea, Romnesia might be a good businessman at breaking the rules of the game, but two bad the strategy backfired on him in the other two debates. Yea, a crook is a crook even if he's wearing a business suit!
Advantage: Obama 2012. Game over!
Anderson Cooper goes beyond the headlines to tell stories from many points of view, so you can make up your own mind about the news. Tune in weeknights at 8 and 10 ET on CNN.
Questions or comments? Send an email
Want to know more? Go behind the scenes with AC361°


text:
Bluetooth Driver (Intel) Update version 184.108.40.206 (Windows 8.1 64bit)
Improves reliability
Про це завантаження
Benefits and improvements
- Improves reliability
Вимоги до системи
Operating systems
The latest version of this update is compatible with most commonly used versions of Microsoft Windows:
- Windows 8.1 (64 bit)
IMPORTANT: Models upgraded to Windows 8.1 is also targeted by this update.
Інформація про файл
File Name
- EP0000605016.exe
File Version
- 188.8.131.52
File Size
- 13,350,672 byte
Release Date
- 08-05-2019
Завантажити й установити
Before you upgrade
- Sometimes the message "Windows needs your permission to continue" may appear in the User Account Control dialogue box. In this case, click [Continue] to proceed, and follow the instructions.
Step 1: Install the update
Make sure to log in as an Administrator on your computer
- Download EP0000******.exe file and save it in a folder on your computer.
- Go to the folder where the file has been downloaded.
- Double-tap (or double-click) EP0000******.exe.
- Follow the on-screen instructions.
- Restart your computer when installation is complete.
Step 2: Check the update was successful
After the update, please confirm the new version has been installed successfully.
- Open the Control Panel.
- Click [Uninstall a Program].
- The [Programs and Features] screen is displayed. Check the version in the Bluetooth Driver section.
If the version is shown as "220.127.116.11", the upgrade was successful.