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The latest in a series of posts on classic children's picture books
Walt Disney's Cinderella: A Little Golden Book Classic. Story adapted by Jane Werner. Illustrated by Retta Scott Worcester. Golden Books, 24 pp., $2.99.
By Janice Harayda
For several decades, the story of Cinderella has been anything but a Cinderella story. Scholars have attacked it for promoting female passivity, for giving stepmothers a bad name, and for equating beauty with virtue: The pretty Cinderella is good and her ugly stepsisters are bad. I read a critique that accused it of promoting capitalist values because – at least in the Disney the version, the one most familiar today — Cinderella is rewarded for the hard work of scrubbing floors and churning butter, as though we'd want the kids to read books where characters were rewarded for sloth.
There's some truth to the all complaints. Variations on Cinderella have existed for centuries or more, and they typically reflect ideals of an earlier time. But if I had children, I'd want them to know this tale of a mistreated girl who marries a king's son, and not just because it's a defining myth of our age. The case against Cinderella was stronger in the past. If the story is one of female passivity — that of a girl rescued by a prince — it used to reflect the expectations of society as a whole.
Those assumptions have changed. Girls today see more countervailing influences to Cinderella — the tortured marriage of Charles and Diana showed us all what can happen when you marry a prince — so there seems to be less harm in reading it. There are also more benefits when surveys of cultural literacy have shown that children are increasingly growing up without understanding the ideas that have shaped civilizations – not just fairy tales but myths, legends, fables, Bible stories, and more.
As a child, I loved an oversized tie-in edition to the 1950 animated Disney musical Cinderella — "Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo"! – and read it until its corrugated pop-up pumpkin fell off. A few weeks ago, I was startled to find Walt Disney's Cinderella in a Little Golden Book Classic format in the new-children's-books section of a good bookstore. No pop-up pumpkin, but everything else is identical. No less surprising is that the Little Golden Book Classic is better than many recent editions, including some others from Disney, in part because its cover shows Cinderella in rags near a brick fireplace, which makes the meaning of the title clear right away. Some versions have a princess on the cover that dilutes the message and make the book look like just another princess fantasy, instead of the mother lode.
I'm sure that at the age of seven, I liked my Disney version partly because its Cinderella has blond hair and blue-green eyes like me (which plays into stereotypes of the fair-haired as virtuous, given that one of her stepsisters has black hair and another red). But today you can find a United Nations of Cinderella stories at bookstores and libraries, and they have title characters of varied ancestry: Jewish, Persian, Chinese, Mexican, Korean, Caribbean, Hispanic, Cambodian, Egyptian, Alaskan, Hmong. And if some of these still seem to be a font of stereotypes, they make clear it would be more accurate to call Cinderella something else: an archetype who has never lost her appeal.
Best line: Some modern versions of Cinderella don't explain how the title character got her name. The Little Golden Book Classic does: "But alas! The kindly gentleman soon died. And his second wife was harsh and cold to her lovely stepdaughter. She cared only for her two ugly stepdaughters.
"Everyone called the stepdaughter Cinderella now since she sat by the cinders to keep warm as she worked hard, dressed only in rags."
Worst line: Cinderella had "a puppy named Bruno" before her father died. The name "Bruno" is odd in context. And the dog probably shouldn't have a name at all, because it's used only twice, and an old horse (which becomes a coachman) and the mice (which turn into horses) don't have names.
Published: 1950
Listen to the song "Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo" from Walt Disney's Cinderella on a site that doesn't include a film clip from the movie. You can also hear it on YouTube sites that include a clip, but these may not be legal.
Other classic picture books reviewed on One-Minute Book Reviews include Millions of Cats, Madeline, Mike Mulligan and His Steam Shovel, Where the Wild Things Are, The Backward Day, Horton Hatches the Egg, The Story of Ferdinand and Flat Stanley.
© 2009 Janice Harayda. All rights reserved.
www.janiceharayda.com and www.twitter.com/janiceharayda


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Butch jones, Saugatuck native, hired as Tennessee football coach
Tennessee selected Cincinnati's Butch Jones as its fourth football coach in six seasons, ending a tumultuous couple of days for both parties.
The university has scheduled a news conference for 2:30 p.m. Friday to announce the hiring, which was first reported by VolQuest.com. Cincinnati already has announced Jones' resignation.
"I would like to thank Butch Jones for his time at the University of Cincinnati," Bearcats' athletic director Whit Babcock said in a release. "With that said, we are excited about the future of this program and this job will be extremely attractive nationally. Our search will begin immediately."
The 44-year-old Jones has a 50-27 record in six seasons as a head coach. He went 27-13 in three seasons at Central Michigan and was 23-14 at Cincinnati the last three years. Jones now faces the task of rebuilding a former Southeastern Conference power that has posted three consecutive losing seasons.
Tennessee had been seeking a new coach since the Nov. 18 firing of Derek Dooley, who went 15-21 in his three-year tenure. The Volunteers contacted ESPN analyst and former Super Bowl-winning coach Jon Gruden, who indicated he wasn't interested. The Vols then pursued Charlie Strong, who said Thursday he had turned down their offer and would stay at Louisville.
On the same day Strong made his announcement, Jones was rejecting an offer to take over Colorado's program. Jones also had been linked to the Purdue coaching job before withdrawing his name from consideration.
Jones will become Tennessee's fourth coach in a six-season stretch, not including offensive coordinator Jim Chaney's stint as interim head coach in the 2012 season finale after Dooley's dismissal. Phillip Fulmer was fired in 2008 after posting a 152-52 record. Kiffin coached Tennessee in 2009 before leaving for Southern California. Dooley lasted three years.
After winning at least eight games for 16 consecutive seasons from 1989-2004 and posting double-digit wins in nine of those years, Tennessee hasn't earned more than seven victories in any of its last five seasons. The Vols went 5-7 this fall for their fifth losing season over the last eight years. This also marks the first time since 1909-11 that Tennessee has finished below .500 three years in a row.
Tennessee athletic director Dave Hart said at the start of the search that head coaching experience was "critically important" and that he wanted a coach who "knows the difficulty of climbing the ladder in the SEC." Jones lacks SEC experience, but he has a career winning percentage of .649. Jones' teams have earned at least a share of a conference title in four of his six seasons as a head coach.
After succeeding Notre Dame coach Brian Kelly at Central Michigan and Cincinnati, Jones maintained the momentum his predecessor had established at each school.
Central Michigan won two Mid-American Conference championships and posted a combined league record of 22-3 in Jones' three-year stint. Jones went 4-8 in his first year at Cincinnati, but the Bearcats are 19-6 since and have tied for first place in the Big East each of the last two seasons. Cincinnati's 2011 season included a 45-23 loss at Tennessee.
Jones signed a contract extension after the 2011 season that includes a $1.4 million buyout if he leaves before Jan. 1.
Jones' background as an assistant is entirely on offense, but one of his biggest challenges at Tennessee initially will be strengthening a defense that allowed the most points (35.7) and yards (471.4) per game of any SEC team this season. The Vols hadn't allowed that high a scoring average since 1893, when they gave up 42.7 points per game while playing a six-game schedule. They hadn't yielded that many yards per game since at least 1950, the earliest year Tennessee's sports information department has that statistic on file.
The makeup of Jones' first offense at Tennessee also remains uncertain, at least for now.
Starting quarterback Tyler Bray and star wide receivers Cordarrelle Patterson and Justin Hunter all are projected as first- or second-round draft picks if they choose to turn pro rather than returning to school for their senior seasons. Bray threw for 3,612 yards and 34 touchdowns this year to rank second on Tennessee's single-season list in both categories, behind Peyton Manning's 3,819 yards and 36 touchdown passes in 1997. Hunter caught 73 passes for 1,083 yards and nine touchdowns. Patterson gained a school-record 1,858 all-purpose yards.
Junior offensive tackle Ja'Wuan James also has been mentioned as a possible draft candidate.


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Quincy police say veterans' records fell off truck
QUINCY - The case of Quincy's mysteriously appearing veterans records has been solved.
They fell off a truck, police say.
Quincy police Detective Thomas Pepdjonovic said surveillance footage from two weeks ago behind Quincy High School shows what he believes to be city veterans records falling off the back of a delivery truck belonging to Shred King of Quincy.
On April 22, dozens of old city records dating as far back as the 1950s, some containing private information about individual veterans, such as Social Security numbers and benefit claims, were found strewn across the intersection of Russell Park and Woodward Avenue behind Quincy High School. They were found the same day Shred King had picked up about 85 boxes of unneeded records from the veterans services' offices at 24 High School Ave., which is located about eight-tenths of a mile from Russell Park.
After interviewing witnesses and watching surveillance, Pepdjonovic determined the records fell off the Shred King truck at about 3:51 p.m. on April 22 while the driver was trying to find a parking spot so he could pick up his wife.
Mayor Thomas Koch asked police to investigate how the records got loose because no one could explain how it happened. Pepdjonovic said no criminal charges would come from the probe.
"I'm relieved that it showed that no city employee screwed up, which is what everyone assumed at the very beginning," said City Clerk Joseph Shea, the city's keeper of public records.
Christopher Walker, a spokesman for Koch, has said he doesn't believe the veterans records getting loose led to any security breaches.
The incident struck a nerve with some in Quincy because it came a month after another controversy involving public-records. On March 10, a reporter observed two public works department employees illegally burning city records in the DPW yard at 55 Sea St.
After the veterans records were found, Brian Spillane, a manager for Shred King, said there was no way the records fell off the truck because the company's trucks are secure and there was no reason for the driver to be in the Russell Park area. The driver should have traveled directly from the veterans services office to Shred King's shredding facility in Holbrook.
Spillane told police that the driver has worked at Shred King for more than six months and was a good employee. Also, he said his company never had an issue with items falling of trucks.
Henry Bradley, the city's acting director of veterans services, said his department handled the records carefully and watched as Shred King's driver secured them in the back of his truck.
These accounts raised suspicions that perhaps someone had stolen the vets records and intentionally spread them in public. Along with the police probe, Koch ordered the locks at the veterans office be upgraded.
Pepdjonovic said he interviewed the Shred King driver after seeing the footage that seemingly showed the papers falling off the truck. The driver said that after he picked up the vets records on April 22, he drove around Quincy Center, including on Russell Park, to find a parking spot to pick up his wife from work.
The driver told police he started driving back to Holbrook after picking up his wife when he hit a bump in the road and noticed a lock on the back grate of the truck had dislodged and was open. He said he could not secure the back grate so he put on his hazard lights and drove slowly back to Holbrook. He reported seeing no documents flying outside the truck.
When reached by phone Thursday, Spillane said he didn't want to comment on the police report because he hadn't read it yet.


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Hello, fellow humans. I decided that my previous about page was too boring, so I decided to change it.
just another girl from India awesome. The one thing you absolutely need to know about me, is that I love books. I don't just read books, I climb inside them and live there. Books make me feel good high.
I'm absolutely
normal crazy and weird. Got-whacked-on-the-head crazy. But, people love me anyway. *winks* Stick around long enough, and you'll love me, too. You won't be able to help it. *shakes head*
I'm short, sweet, and sarcastic. And I love alliterations. (See what I did there?) Genius, right? *pats myself on the shoulder*
I'm a narcissist. *shameless grin* And, rude. But, don't worry, I love you guys. *air-kiss* I'm rude only to people who get on my bad side.
Oh, and I guess I write too.
If you're not running scared after reading this and decide to stick around, you might want to check this out for more information on yours truly.
You can follow me on Insta here. I'll be posting my poems there as well.
Good luck Love,
-The Girl Lost In The Bookstore ❤


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Getting Around
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Individuals: Soften hearts toward the Gospel
There are many places that have gone untouched by the gospel for centuries. The culture, traditions, and identity of many people groups are based primarily in their religion. This can make it very difficult for them to receive the gospel. We need to ask God to prepare their hearts to receive the seeds of His truth.
Isa. 40:3 A voice of one calling: "In the desert prepare the way for the LORD ; make straight in the wilderness a highway for our God.
Lord, You are able to do more than all we ask or imagine. You make springs of water appear in the desert, and You can touch the hearts of men in a way no preaching ever could.
Lord, I ask that Your Spirit would invade the region of the
Baloch Umrani of Pakistan
. I ask Lord, that You would begin to work in and soften the hearts of the people. Instill in them a hunger for Your truth, and give them ears to hear. I ask, Father, that their hearts would be like the rich soil, ready to receive the truth of Your gospel, and the salvation that only comes from You. I ask that You would reveal Yourself as the true God of the
Baloch Umrani of Pakistan
, that they would hear Your word and be set free!
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WASHINGTON – Fiscal cliff talks at a partisan standoff, President Barack Obama and House Speaker John Boehner swapped barbed political charges on Wednesday yet carefully left room for further negotiations on an elusive deal to head off year-end tax increases and spending cuts that threaten the national economy.
Republicans should "peel off the war paint" and take the deal he's offering, Obama said sharply at the White House. He buttressed his case by noting he had won re-election with a call for higher taxes on the wealthy, then added pointedly that the nation aches for conciliation, not a contest of ideologies, after last week's mass murder at a Connecticut elementary school.
But he drew a quick retort from Boehner when the White House threatened to veto a fallback bill drafted by House Republicans that would prevent tax increases for all but million-dollar earners. The president will bear responsibility for "the largest tax increase in history" if he makes good on that threat, the Ohio Republican declared.
In fact, it's unlikely the legislation will get that far as divided government careens into the final few days of a struggle that affects the pocketbooks of millions and blends lasting policy differences with deep political mistrust.
Boehner expressed confidence the Republicans' narrow so-called Plan B bill would clear the House on Thursday despite opposition from some conservative, anti-tax dissidents, but a cold reception awaits in the Democratic-controlled Senate.
As for a broader agreement, officials said there had been little if any progress toward closing the gap between the two sides in the past two days, even though aides to the president and Boehner have remained in contact.
On paper, the two sides are relatively close to an agreement on major issues, each having offered concessions in an intensive round of talks that began late last week.
But political considerations are substantial, particularly for Republicans.
After two decades of resolutely opposing any tax increases, Boehner is seeking votes from fellow Republicans for legislation that tacitly lets rates rise on million-dollar income tax filers. The measure would raise revenue by slightly more than $300 billion over a decade than if all of the Bush-era tax cuts remained in effect.
But Boehner's office trumpeted another figure — an estimate that claimed it would amount to a tax cut of nearly $4 trillion compared with what would happen if all those tax cuts were to expire as scheduled with the turn of the year.
Similarly, despite vehement protests that the looming across-the-board spending cuts would seriously affect the Pentagon, the leadership's fallback bill does nothing to blunt or eliminate the reductions scheduled to begin on Jan. 1
Boehner won a letter of cramped support from anti-tax activist Grover Norquist during the day. Norquist's organization, Americans For Tax Reform, issued a statement saying it will not consider a vote for the bill a violation of a no-tax-increase pledge that many Republicans have signed.
But another conservative group came to an opposing conclusion. "Allowing a tax increase to hit a certain segment of Americans and small businesses is not a solution; it is a political ploy," said the Heritage Foundation said in a statement.
As for the scheduled defence cuts, Rep. C.W. (Bill) Young of Florida, who heads the House panel with jurisdiction over the Pentagon's budget, said he is undecided how to vote on the legislation.
"This is not a game. This is real because so much of the sequester (spending cuts) would be defence — half of it," he said. "I just don't think it's workable."
Rep. Tom Rooney of Florida, a member of the Armed Services Committee, said he will vote for the legislation even if it leaves the defence cuts in place. He said if he didn't vote for a bill that prevents a tax increase for 99 per cent of people "I'm not doing my job."
That appeared to be the hope of Boehner and the rest of the leadership, that by showing his rank and file is united behind the fallback bill, the speaker would be in a strong position to demand concessions from the White House in the broader endgame.
Democrats had their own issues, but so far, they have remained largely submerged as Republicans struggle.
Reps. Peter DeFazio of Oregon and Jim McDermott of Washington, both veteran liberals, announced their opposition to a provision that Obama is backing to slow the growth of cost-of-living benefits for Social Security and other benefit programs.
At the White House, Obama repeated that he is ready to agree to spending cuts that may cause distress among some fellow Democrats, but he saved his sharpest words for Republicans.
"Goodness, if this past week has done anything, it should just give us some perspective," he said in a reference to the shootings of school children in Connecticut.
Yet even as he implored Republicans to "take the deal," he made it clear he's open to more bargaining.
Asked whether he might be flexible on the level at which tax rates should rise, he said he wasn't going to bargain in public. He also addressed the issue of politics.
Speaking of Republicans, he said, "It is very hard for them to say yes to me. But at some point, they've got to take me out of it."
He added, "I'm often reminded when I speak to the Republican leadership that the majority of their caucus' membership come from districts that I lost. And so sometimes they may not see an incentive in co-operating with me, in part because they're more concerned about challenges from a tea party candidate, or challenges from the right, and co-operating with me may make them vulnerable."
Nor did Boehner slam the door on further compromises in his brief appearance before reporters. "Republicans continue to work toward avoiding the fiscal cliff," he said.
In the talks to date, Obama is now seeking $1.2 trillion in higher tax revenue, down from the $1.6 trillion he initially sought. He also has softened his demand for higher tax rates on household incomes so they would apply to incomes over $400,000 instead of the $250,000 he cited during his successful campaign for a new term.
He also has offered more than $800 billion in spending cuts over a decade, half of it from Medicare and Medicaid, $200 million farm and other benefit programs, $100 billion from defence and $100 billion from a broad swath of government accounts ranging from parks to transportation and education.
In a key concession to Republicans, the president also has agreed to slow the rise in cost-of-living-increases in Social Security and other benefit programs, at a savings estimated at about $130 billion over a decade.
By contrast, Boehner's most recent offer allowed for $1 trillion in higher taxes over a decade, with higher rates for annual incomes over $1 million. He's also seeking about $1 trillion in spending cuts.
The two sides disagree, too, over increases in the government's debt limit, which will soon need to be raised when borrowing reaches the current $16.4 trillion cap.
Also at issue are unemployment benefits, which are scheduled to expire for an estimated 2 million out-of-work Americans at year's end, and the prospect of reduced payments beginning Jan. 1 for doctors who care for Medicare patients.
Associated Press writers Andrew Taylor, Jim Kuhnhenn, Andrew Miga and Alan Fram contributed to this report.


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Getting Around
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Chero of India
Topic: 3 of 3
Anointed: Counseling
It's not enough to be skilled with words or know the Bible. It takes the anointing of the Holy Spirit to press the truths of God into men's hearts.
Ask God to take the words of the preacher and make them real as only He can. When God speaks, things are created, hearts are changed.
Isa 11:2 The Spirit of the LORD will rest on him-the Spirit of wisdom and of understanding, the Spirit of counsel and of power, the Spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD.
Lord, You have the name that is above all names. You are Lord forever and there is no one who can challenge Your authority and power. You rule for ever and ever, and there is no end to Your Kingdom.
Lord, I ask that Your spirit of wisdom and understanding would rest on
Chero of India
. That Your wisdom would fill their mouths, as they seek to counsel and instruct others. Anoint
Chero of India
's words to confront the lies of the enemy, and to reinforce the truth of Your Word. Empower their counsel to reach deep into the heart, setting captives free, and releasing them to walk in the fear of the Lord.
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WASHINGTON – The Pentagon is stepping up aid for Mexico's bloody drug war with a new U.S.-based special operations headquarters to teach Mexican security forces how to hunt drug cartels the same way special operations teams hunt al-Qaida, according to documents and interviews with multiple U.S. officials. | » Armed vigilantes patrol 2 Mexican towns
Such assistance could help newly elected Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto establish a military force to focus on drug criminal networks that have terrorized Mexico's northern states and threatened the U.S. Southwest border. Mexican officials say warring drug gangs have killed at least 70,000 people between 2006 and 2012.
Based at the U.S. Northern Command in Colorado, Special Operations Command-North will build on a commando program that has brought Mexican military, intelligence and law enforcement officials to study U.S. counterterrorist operations, to show them how special operations troops built an interagency network to target al-Qaida mastermind Osama bin Laden and his followers.
The special operations team within Northcom will be turned into a new headquarters, led by a general instead of a colonel. It was established in a Dec. 31 memo signed by Defense Secretary Leon Panetta. That move gives the group more autonomy and the number of people could eventually quintuple from 30 to 150, meaning the headquarters could expand its training missions with the Mexicans, even though no new money is being assigned to the mission.
The special operations program has already helped Mexican officials set up their own intelligence center in Mexico City to target criminal networks, patterned after similar centers in war zones built to target al-Qaida in Afghanistan and Iraq, two current U.S. officials said.
Mexican and U.S. military officials played down the change, and it's unclear whether the Mexican government will agree to boost its training.
"We are merely placing a component commander in charge of things we are already doing," said Northcom spokesman Navy Capt. Jeff Davis in a written statement.
Mexico's Foreign Affairs Department emailed a statement saying it had been briefed on the changes and had no further comment
The creation of the new command marks another expansion of Adm. Bill McRaven's special operations empire, as he seeks to migrate special operators from their decade of service in war zones in Iraq and Afghanistan to new missions, even as the rest of the military fights postwar contraction and multibillion-dollar budget cuts.
The new headquarters will also coordinate special operations troops when needed for domestic roles like rescuing survivors after a natural disaster, or helping the U.S. Coast Guard strike ships carrying suspect cargo just outside U.S. territorial waters, according to multiple current and former U.S. officials briefed on the mission. They spoke on condition of anonymity because the Pentagon has not formally announced the new headquarters.
The initial document petitioning Panetta for the command stresses the command's role in military-to-military cooperation with Mexico. The document was signed in September 2012 by McRaven and Northcom commander Gen. Charles Jacoby.
Northcom's current special operations training missions are an outgrowth of the Merida Initiative that was formalized in 2008, to provide extensive military assistance to Mexico. The extra special-operations staff, including both troops and civilians, will help coordinate more missions as Mexico requests them, current and former officials said.
Pena Nieto is likely to welcome the continued training to help him build and coordinate the forces he needs to reduce drug violence, according to Rand Corp.'s Dr. Agnes Gereben Schaefer.
"He has talked about setting up a paramilitary force…made up of former military and police forces, which he has described as more surgical," than the current campaign by Mexican army and police, Schaefer said. He would dispatch the force into towns that have been overrun by drug violence, where police don't have the numbers to fight it, she said.
Mexican military, intelligence and law enforcement chiefs have already toured the Joint Special Operations Command headquarters at Fort Bragg in North Carolina to see how U.S. officers coordinate efforts by special operations aircraft, naval vessels and air- and sea-based raiders, according to one current military official.
A small group of top Mexican military and intelligence officials also visited the command's targeting center at the Balad air base in Iraq before the U.S. troop withdrawal in 2011, a former U.S. official said.
U.S. officials stress that sharing this expertise does not mean U.S. special operations teams will be conducting raids against targets in Mexico, nor will they be entering the country with their own weapons. Mexico forbids U.S. military or law enforcement officers from carrying guns inside their borders, with few exceptions, though American commandos have conducted training missions in the past, two current and one former U.S. military official said. They were speaking on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss the sensitive missions.
Dozier can be followed on Twitter: http://twitter.com/kimberlydozier .


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Topic: 1 of 3
Regional: reveal the culture keys
In every culture God has preserved for Himself a testimony. Pray that these culture keys would be revealed and spark a hunger in the people to know more.
Mal 1:11 My name will be great among the nations, from the rising to the setting of the sun. In every place incense and pure offerings will be brought to my name, because my name will be great among the nations,†says the LORD Almighty.
Lord, You are the true and living God, You rule over all things visible and invisible. The nations belong to You, and you have woven into the fabric of every culture a testimony to Your name.
I bring the
Mudayan of India
before you now, and I ask Lord that You would reveal those things in their culture, that reflect who you are and Your son Jesus. Cause the hidden treasures of Your truth to be brought up and displayed for all to see. Lord use these keys of insight to ignite a curiosity and hunger among the
Mudayan of India
to know more about who You are. Give Your servants wisdom and strategy to use these keys to promote the Gospel among this people group.
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Young singers show talent at Rising Stars competition
PEORIA — Purple spotlights illuminated a handful of local girls Sunday afternoon as they sang their hearts out during the Heart of Illinois Fair's Rising Stars singing competition.
Inside the Exposition Gardens Opera House, away from the noises of the Heart of Illinois Fair, eight girls between the ages of 8 and 12 were competing for first prize: $250. But for kids that young, money wasn't why they sang.
"I came last year and I like it. It's a lot of fun to sing for a crowd," Meg Ciko, 10, of Germantown Hills said after singing the Academy Award-winning song "Let It Go" from the movie "Frozen."
"I've seen that movie five times — I guess I kind of liked it," Ciko said. "I felt that the song showed off my voice well."
Ciko finished in the top five of competing singers, who all had to sing an additional song after making the cut. That's when Madison Edwards, 11, of Peoria Heights sang a song almost 20 years older than she is: Leonard Cohen's "Hallelujah" from 1984.
"Everyone in my family listens to the song a lot, so I started practicing it, and it actually sounded good," Edwards said.
When Edwards took the stage, there was little evidence to suggest she was nervous. She stood still, took the microphone and belted out the ballad. "I've never really been a shy person," Edwards said. "I feel comfortable up on the stage."
Edwards took second place in the competition that Audrey Elward, 11, of Morton ended up winning. Elward walked up and down the stage, wagging her finger while she sang the Motown-inspired 2008 hit "Mercy" by Duffy, but planted her feet and stood firm for her closing number, "I Dreamed a Dream" from the Broadway musical "Les Miserables."
"I just wanted to do two totally different songs. The first takes a louder voice, the second takes a more confident voice," Elward said. "There's some really big notes in the second song, and I really like the big notes."
Friends and family enveloped Elward after she came off the stage, $250 check in hand. Asked what she would spend her money on, her friends made suggestions of ice cream. Elward was looking past the summer, though. "Maybe I'll get a backpack. School's coming back soon."
Zach Berg can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com or 686-3257. Follow him on Twitter @ZacharyBerg.


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Notre Dame AD encouraging Te'o to speak publicly
SOUTH BEND, Ind. (AP) — Notre Dame athletic director Jack Swarbrick says the school has encouraged linebacker Manti Te'o to speak publicly — and soon — about being the victim of a hoax involving a dead girlfriend who never existed.
Swarbrick said during the taping of his weekly radio show, which airs regionally on Saturday but was posted online as a podcast on Friday, that Te'o has to explain exactly how he was duped into an online relationship with a woman whose "death" was then faked by the perpetrators of the hoax.
"I don't have any specific knowledge as to how and when, but I can't fathom a circumstance where it doesn't (happen). I sort of share everybody's view that it has to happen. We are certainly encouraging it to happen. We think it's important and we'd like to see it happen sooner rather than later," Swarbrick said.
Swarbrick added that before Deadspin.com broke the news with a lengthy report on Wednesday, Te'o and his family had planned to go public with the story Monday.
"Sometimes the best laid plans don't quite work, and this was an example of that. Because the family lost the opportunity in some ways to control the story," he said.
He said the university doesn't have anything more to add.
"It is in the Te'o family's court," he said. "We are very much encouraging them. I hope by the time people are listening to this they have made themselves available to explain and to take questions, because we think that's in everybody's interest. It's certainly our expectation at Notre Dame that they would do that."
Swarbrick said again he is confident Te'o is the victim and did not back away from the strong support he gave the All-American during a news conference Wednesday night, when the AD said an investigation done by a firm hired by the school turned up evidence that supports Te'o's claim he was not involved.
Swarbrick said he will continue to believe that until given "compelling evidence to the contrary."
He said he understands why some people are skeptical about Te'o's story.
"They have every right to say that," Swarbrick said "Now I have some more information than they have. But they have every right to say that. I don't feel any sort of ill will toward that position. If I was on the outside of this presented with the only facts I have at this point — and importantly at the time we're recording this Manti has yet to speak publicly — I think that skepticism is easy to understand. I just ask those people to apply the same skepticism to everything about this.
"I have no doubt the perpetrators have a story they will yet spin about what went on here. I hope skepticism also greets that when they're articulating what that is."


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Mike Long describes the personal loss and damage from fires and flooding in his Breezy Point, Queens, neighborhood. "It's mind boggling to see photos of it," he says about the charred remains of his house. His son's home was also burnt to the ground and his other children have severe water damage in their houses.
Post by: Anderson Cooper
Filed under: Hurricane Sandy • Weather
We know that is no way to be 100% prepare for natural disaster. However the Governor of NY has his priorities mess up. Staten Island needs HELP. They are worry about a marathon and to start construction work in Manhattan. Really! We are praying for the families affecting by Sandy, but our heart goes to the families from Staten Island. Apparently you need to be in the eyes of strong politians like the Governor of NJ so you can get some support from the Federal Govertment.
great reports little dramatic... well people is a disaster... takes time patience and cooperation...so stop complaining and get to wok and respect mother earth!
Where are the super pac's and people like Donald Trump at times like this. Donald, how about instead of putting up 5 million for Obama college transcrips and passport, take that money and actually HELP some people - this time in your own city???
Anderson Cooper goes beyond the headlines to tell stories from many points of view, so you can make up your own mind about the news. Tune in weeknights at 8 and 10 ET on CNN.
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Experimental data on pi-mesons produced in inelastic and central nucleus-nucleus interactions at 4.5-Gev/C momentum per nucleon (1984)
Lambda hyperons produced in central nucleus-nucleus interactions at 4.5 GeV/c momentum per incident nucleon (1983)
Transverse momenta and rapidities of Lambda 's produced in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at 4.5 GeV/c·u (C-C,...,O-Pb) were studied and compared with those from inelastic He-Li interactions at the same incident momentum. Polarization of the Lambda hyperons was found to be consistent with zero ( alpha P=-0.06=0.11 for Lambda 's from central collisions). An upper limit of the Lambda -bar / Lambda production ratio was estimated to be less than 4.5 x 10-3. The experiment was performed in a triggered streamer chamber.


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Steampunk Plague Doctor Brird Mask Cape Long Grown Hat Set Holloween Outfit Cosplay Costume
Subcribe to back in stock notification
Covid-19 Shipping Delay Notice
Due to the influence of Covid-19, currently the shipping time will be longer than usual. Packages need around 13-18 days to get delivered. Thus, the processing time for part of costumes has extended to a month. In this case, we suggest purchasing in stock costumes. If you need our products for urgent use, please feel free to contact us to check the time.
Material:Faux Leather + Milk Protein Fiber + Uniform Cloth
Package included:Belt + Cape + Glove*2 + Hat + Jumpsuit + Mask + Waist Bag + Head Wrap
At this time, we ship worldwide. Most Orders(Except the custom-made costumes) will be despatched in 10-15 business days once the payment was cleared, Shipping in two business days once the payment were cleared and usually 5-7 days for delivery, NO overnight shipping. We will do our every efforts to make sure you receive the parcel in time but we are not responsible for service transit time. Transit times are provided by the carrier, exclude weekends and holidays, and may vary with package origin and destination, particularly during peak periods.
For all the custom-made costumes, it takes about 10-15 working days for the costume to be finished, during Halloween time, the time maybe around 20 working days due to the heavy workload that time. Then the costumes will be sent out via Express, the delivery time frame is the same as other orders, 5-7 working days delivery.
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Last-modified: 2019-03-01 (Жт) 10:49:20 (1488d)
Top / Colloquium
DTA Colloquium 2018 †
DTA Colloquium(Э§ЯРЅГЅэЅЅІЅр)ЄЯИЖТЇЄШЄЗЄЦЫшНЕВаЭЫЦќЄЮИсИх13:30ЄЋЄщГЋКХЄЗЄЦЄЄЄоЄЙЁЃ
ИЖТЇЄШЄЗЄЦБбИьЄЧЙжБщЄЗЄЦЄЄЄПЄРЄЄоЄЙЄЌЁЂ ЙжЛеЁІЛВВУМдЄЌЦќЫмПЭЄРЄБЄЮОьЙчЄЯЦќЫмИьЄЫРкЄъТиЄЈЄЦЄЏЄРЄЕЄУЄЦЄтЁЪБбИьЄЮЄоЄоЄЧЄтЁЫЗыЙНЄЧЄЙЁЃ
- ТьЯЦУЮЬщ takiwaki.tomoya_AT_nao.ac.jp
- ВЎИЖРЕЧю masahiro.ogihara_AT_nao.ac.jp
- ЦяКЌ ЕЎРЎ takayoshi.kusune_AT_nao.ac.jp
- ЙтЖЖЧюЧЗ takahashi_AT_cfca.jp
- ФЋШцЦрЭКТР asahina_AT_cfca.jp
- КДЁЙЬкЙЈЯТ hiro.sasaki_AT_nao.ac.jp
Schedule & History †
|all internal members
|Rinko room, Main Building (East) / 13:30
|Adriana Pohl (Max-Planck Institute of Astronomy, Heidelberg Germany)
|Revealing the evolution of planet-forming disks with polarization observations
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Yoshiaki Kato (Riken)
|Radiation MHD Simulations of Waves and Vortices on the Sun and beyond
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Akihiro Suzuki (NAOJ)
|Multi-dimensional modeling of supernova ejecta with a central energy source
|Rinko room, Main Building (East) / 13:30
|Yoshiyuki Inoue (Riken)
|Coronal Magnetic Activity in a Nearby Active Supermassive Black Hole
|Rinko room, Main Building (East) / 13:30
|Keiichi Maeda(Kyoto University)
|Progenitor Evolutions and Explosion Mechanisms of Type Ia Supernovae
|Rinko room, Main Building (East) / 15:00
|Kyohei Kawaguchi (ICRR)
|Radiative-transfer simulation for the optical and near-infrared electromagnetic counterparts to GW170817
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Kazumi Kashiyama (University of Tokyo)
|The repeating fast radio burst and the young neutron star model
|Rinko room, Main Building (East) / 13:30
|ShingChi Leung (IPMU)
|Pulsation Pair-instability Supernova: Connection to massive black hole, circumstellar medium and collapsar
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Doris Arzoumanian (Nagoya University)
|Observed properties of nearby molecular filaments
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Teppei Minoda (Nagoya University)
|The effect of the primordial magnetic fields on the cosmic microwave background anisotropy
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Rinko room / 13:30
|Shota Notsu (Kyoto University)
|Possibility to locate the position of the H2O snowline in protoplanetary disks through spectroscopic observations
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Riouhei Nakatani (University of Tokyo)
|Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Photoevaporation of Protoplanetary Disks: Metallicity Dependence of UV and X-Ray Photoevaporation
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Shunsuke Ideguchi (NAOJ)
|Basics of Faraday Tomography Technique and Its Applications to Cosmic Magnetism Study
|Rinko room, Main Building (East) /13:30
|Richard Teague (University of Michigan)
|Observing the Kinematics of Planet-Disk Interactions with ALMA
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Hector O. Silva (Montana State University)
|Illuminating the strong-field regime of gravity
|Conference room, N6 3F / 14:00
|George Papas (Sapienza University of Rome)
|Testing the Kerr hypothesis with QNMs and ring downs
|Conference room, N6 3F / 14:00
|Kazunari Iwasaki (Osaka University)
|The formation of molecular clouds by compression of atomic gases
|Lecture room /14:30
|Yen-Chen Pan (NAOJ)
|Understanding Type Ia Supernova with UV Spectroscopy
|Lecture room /13:30
|Sylvain Bontemps(Bordeaux University)
|NAOJ Seminar
|Large Seminar Room/16:00
|Yuri Fujii (Nagoya University)
|Formation of Circumplanetary Disks and Regular Moons
|Lecture room /13:30
|DTA workshop
|Daisuke Nakauchi (Tohoku University)
|Ionization degree and magnetic diffusivities in the low-metallicity star-formation
|Lecture room /13:30
|Hiroshi Kobayashi (Nagoya University)
|From Dust to Planet via Collisional Growth
|Large seminar room /13:30
|CfCA UM
|Jun Kumamoto (University of Tokyo)
|Gravitational-Wave Emission from Binary Black Holes Formed in Open Clusters
|Conference room, N6 3F /13:30
|Hiroshi Kimura (Chiba Institute of Technology)
|The Evolution of Organic Matter in the Universe
|Large Seminar Room/13:00
|Kei Tanaka (Osaka University/ NAOJ)
|Massive Star Formation under Multiple Feedback Processes
|Lecture room/13:30
|Takashi Shibata (NAOJ)
|Coalescence condition of planetesimals
|Lecture room/ 13:30
|Hirotaka Hohokabe (NAOJ)
|Flow structures around growing protoplanets with hydrodynamic simulations
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Scott Suriano (University of Tokyo)
|The Formation of Rings and Gaps in Magnetized Wind-Launching Disks
|Lecture room / 13:30
|Shingo Hirano (Kyusyu University)
|Environmental dependence of the first star formation
|Conference room, N6 3F / 13:30
Confirmed speakers †
Abstract †
- 4/10 Adriana Pohl (Max-Planck Institute of Astronomy, Heidelberg Germany) Revealing the evolution of planet-forming disks with polarization observations
- Recent observational instruments like VLT/SPHERE and ALMA have reached an unprecedented level of resolution and sensitivity. Meanwhile, even the direct observation of substructures in planet-forming disks is within reach, by which the disk evolution can be traced. Features such as gaps, rings, spiral arms and clumps can be either associated with embedded, but yet unseen forming planets, or be related to other internal, physical disk processes. In this talk, I will compare theoretical predictions of dust evolution models and planet-disk interaction processes with current multi-wavelength observations of planet-forming disks. To this end, detailed radiative transfer calculations are presented, which are employed to model observational signatures in disks. An emphasis is placed on polarization diagnostics, which facilitates the detection of light scattered by dust grains in the disk. The latter is a crucial ingredient to constraining the size and composition of dust grains, which is necessary to understand the earliest stages of planet formation.
- 04/17 Yoshiaki Kato (Riken)ЁЁRadiation MHD Simulations of Waves and Vortices on the Sun and beyond
- One of the long-standing problems in solar physics is to understand a mechanism which maintains the solar atmosphere. The chromosphere, a layer between the photosphere and the corona, is a key to unveiling the mystery of the solar atmosphere. It is yet to be revealed entirely by observations because the chromosphere has complex structure and rapid variability. Therefore, radiation magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations play a major role for understanding such a complexity, which is difficult to interpret physical processes. I introduce my recent publications on the effect of MHD waves associated with an isolated magnetic flux concentration (or a flux tube), which is anchored in the photosphere and extended over the corona. This is a classical problem which is extensively discussed in many literatures and probably the best example to understanding MHD waves. While all studies so far relied on inflicting driving forces in the photosphere, only a self-consistent RMHD simulation of the solar atmospheric layers from the surface convection zone to the corona can resolve the realistic nature of MHD waves. First, I present the generation and propagation of mostly slow mode waves, driven by magneto-convective processes in the deep photosphere and beneath it. This is so-called magnetic pumping process which generates slow modes that propagate upward and develop into shock waves in the chromosphere. The magnetic pumping is a robust mechanism for generating shock waves in the vicinity of strong flux tube at the chromospheric height and therefore itЁЧs most likely to sustain the chromosphere. Second, I present the identification of torsional waves in the chromosphere and the corona. Vortical flows in the upper convection zone and the photosphere force magnetic field structures to rotate and thus produce so-called solar ЁШmagnetic tornadoesЁЩ, which extend into the corona. Unlike slow modes, large portions of torsional modes can reach the corona without suffering significant dissipation and therefore itЁЧs capable of sustaining the corona. Third, I present the detection of physical phenomena in the flux tube by magnetic pumping imprinted on the spectral lines. Thanks to the rapidly advancing solar observations over the past decades, we will have an unique opportunity to grasp the quantitative nature of MHD waves in the near future. It will enable us to extend our knowledge of plasma into those of the other astrophysical objects. Finally, I will briefly talk about the future perspective on my research in the next decades.
- 04/24 Akihiro Suzuki (NAOJ)ЁЁMulti-dimensional modeling of supernova ejecta with a central energy source
- Core-collapse supernova explosions are of fundamental importance in the universe. They are an outcome of massive star formation and evolution and at the same time affect their surrounding environments in various ways. This is the reason why many supernova researches and surveys have been intensively conducted. One of the remarkable successes of modern transient survey programs is the discovery of an extremely bright class of core-collapse supernovae, called superluminous supernovae. Because of their high brightness, we can detect high-z events, potentially making it possible to probe star-forming activity even in the high-z universe. However, the problem is that the energy source of their bright emission is still debated. A promising scenario for superluminous supernovae is the central engine scenario, in which the compact remnant (highly rotating neutron star, black hole accretion disk, or whatever) left in the supernova ejecta play a role in giving rise to bright thermal emission. However, there are many remaining problems, such as, how exactly the additional energy deposition is realized and how the supernova ejecta with a central engine evolve. IЁЧm lately investigating the hydrodynamic evolution of supernova ejecta with such a central energy source by using multi-dimensional numerical simulations. In this talk, after a brief introduction of supernovae, I present results of my recent studies.
- 05/08 Yoshiyuki Inoue (Riken)ЁЁCoronal Magnetic Activity in a Nearby Active Supermassive Black Hole
- Black hole coronae are believed to be heated by their magnetic activity like the Sun. However, magnetic fields in the vicinity of active supermassive black holes have never been measured. Recently, we proposed a coronal radio synchrotron emission model for Seyfert galaxies. Here, we report the first detection of coronal radio synchrotron emission from a nearby Seyfert galaxy, which enables us to estimate the coronal magnetic field strength. We also found that coronae are composed of thermal and non-thermal electrons. Our results indicate that magnetic activity cannot sustain X-ray emitting coronae. Existence of non-thermal electrons in coronae implies that Seyfert galaxies may explain not only the cosmic X-ray background radiation but also the cosmic MeV gamma-ray background radiation.
- 05/10 Keiichi Maeda(Kyoto University)ЁЁProgenitor Evolutions and Explosion Mechanisms of Type Ia Supernovae
- I will provide a review on the current status of observational constraints on the progenitor systems and explosion mechanisms of type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia). Recent development in the field is highlighted by accumulating observational discoveries of diversities found for SNe Ia. An idea is emerging that SNe Ia are perhaps not at all a uniform system as previously believed for many years, and thermonuclear explosions may lead to various outcomes which could correspond to various types of transients. In this talk, I will summarize different observational constraints placed for different sub-types of SNe Ia and related phenomena, and connect these findings to different types of progenitors and modes of explosions which have been theoretically predicted.
- 05/15 Kyohei Kawaguchi (ICRR)ЁЁRadiative-transfer simulation for the optical and near-infrared electromagnetic counterparts to GW170817
- Recent detection of gravitational waves from a binary-neutron star merger (GW170817) and the subsequent observations of electromagnetic counterparts provide a great opportunity to study the physics of compact binary mergers. The optical and near-infrared counterparts to GW170817 are found to be consistent with a kilonova/macronova scenario with red and blue components. However, in most of previous studies in which contribution from each ejecta component to the lightcurves is separately calculated and composited, the red component is too massive as dynamical ejecta and the blue component is too fast as post-merger ejecta. In this talk, I present our recent works performing 2-dimensional radiative-transfer simulations for a kilonova/macronova consistently taking the interplay of multiple ejecta components into account, and show that the lightcurves of optical and near-infrared counterparts can be reproduced naturally by a setup consistent with the prediction of the numerical-relativity simulations.
- 05/22 Kazumi Kashiyama (University of Tokyo)ЁЁThe repeating fast radio burst and the young neutron star model
- Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are enigmatic radio transients with large dispersion measure. There are ~ 30 of FRBs discovered so far and only one of them, FRB121102, repeats. Recently, the host galaxy and persistent radio counterpart have identified for this repeating FRB. First, I will overview the observational results and the general implications. Then, I will focus on the young neutron star model for FRBs and discuss how one can test the model observationally. In particular, I will discuss the possible connection between FRBs and energetic supernovae.
- 06/05 Doris Arzoumanian (Nagoya Universiry)ЁЁObserved properties of nearby molecular filaments
- The highly filamentary structure of the interstellar medium is impressively revealed by the unprecedented quality and sky coverage of Herschel and Planck images tracing the Galactic cold dust emission. These observations provide the required data to describe in detail the properties of the filamentary structures observed in both quiescent clouds and in star forming regions, where the densest filaments appear to be the main sites of star formation. The omnipresence of filaments in observations as well as in numerical simulations suggests that the formation of filamentary structures is a natural product of the interplay between interstellar shock waves, gravity, and magnetic fields. The detailed description of their observed properties is important to improve our understanding of their formation and evolution process. I will present what we have learned about the properties of the filamentary structures derived from Herschel dust continuum and ground based single dish molecular line observations, and I will discuss the observational constraints on the formation and evolution of molecular filaments.
- 06/12 Teppei Minoda (Nagoya University)ЁЁThe effect of the primordial magnetic fields on the cosmic microwave background anisotropy
- The magnetic fields are ubiquitous on the astronomical objects, from asteroids to clusters of galaxies. The origin of these cosmic magnetic fields is unknown, however, while the magnetogenesis in the early universe (such as inflation, the cosmic phase transition, the perturbation evolution, and so on) might be able to explain it. Magnetic fields generated by such cosmological mechanisms are called the primordial magnetic fields (PMFs), and some papers have pointed that the PMFs induce the matter density fluctuation due to their Lorentz force, and also affect the gas temperature distribution through a magnetic dissipation, so-called ЁШambipolar diffusionЁЩ. We consider these effects and calculate the time evolution of the baryon gas density and temperature before the formation of the first stars and galaxies. And we suggest a method to investigate such primordial gas structure with the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropy. In this talk, I will briefly introduce the PMFs and its general formalism, and review some basic concepts of the standard cosmology and CMB physics. Next, I will talk about the effect of the PMFs on the baryon gas history, and finally show the calculation method and the results of my recent work (Minoda et al., 2017, Phys. Rev. D, 96, 123525).
- 07/03 Shota Notsu (Kyoto University) Possibility to locate the position of the H2O snowline in protoplanetary disks through spectroscopic observations
- Observationally locating the position of the H2O snowline in protoplanetary disks is important for understanding the planetesimal and planet formation processes, and the origin of water on Earth. The velocity profiles of emission lines from disks are usually affected by Doppler shift due to Keplerian rotation. Therefore, the line profiles are sensitive to the radial distribution of the line-emitting regions. In our studies (Notsu et al. 2016, ApJ, 827, 113; 2017, ApJ, 836, 118; 2018, ApJ, 855, 62), we calculated the chemical composition of the disks around a T Tauri star and a Herbig Ae star using chemical kinetics, and then the H2(16)O and H2(18)O line profiles. We found that lines with small Einstein A coefficients and relatively high upper state energies are dominated by emission from the hot midplane region inside the H2O snowline, and therefore through analyzing their profiles the position of the H2O snowline can be located. In addition, we found that H2(18)O lines trace deeper into the disk than H2(16)O lines since the number density of H2(18)O is low (Notsu et al. 2018). Thus these H2(18)O lines are potentially better probes of the position of the H2O snowline at the disk midplane, depending on the dust optical depth. Moreover, H2(18)O and para-H2(16)O lines with relatively lower upper state energies (~a few 100K) can also locate the position of the H2O snowline. There are several candidate water lines that trace the position of the H2O snowline in ALMA Bands 5Ён10. Finally, we have proposed the water line observations for a Herbig Ae disk HD163296 in ALMA Cycle 3, and partial data were delivered. We constrain the line emitting region (the location of the H2O snowline) and the dust properties from the observations.
- 07/10 Riouhei Nakatani (University of Tokyo) Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Photoevaporation of Protoplanetary Disks: Metallicity Dependence of UV and X-Ray Photoevaporation
- Protoplanetary disks are thought to have lifetimes of several million yr in the solar neighborhood, but recent observations suggest that the disk lifetimes are shorter in a low-metallicity environment. We perform a suite of radiation hydrodynamics simulations of photoevaporating disks with varying the metallicity to study their long-term evolution and the metallicity dependence of mass-loss rates. Our simulations follow hydrodynamics, radiative transfer, and nonequilibrium chemistry in a self-consistent manner. Dust-grain temperatures are also calculated consistently by solving the radiative transfer of the stellar irradiation and grain (re-) emission. In the fiducial case with solar metallicity, including the X-ray effects does not significantly increase the photoevaporation rate when compared to the case with ultra-violet (UV) radiation only. At sub-solar metallicities in the range of Z ≳ 10^{-1.5} Zsun, the photoevaporation rate increases as metallicity decreases owing to the reduced opacity of the disk medium. The result is consistent with the observational trend that disk lifetimes are shorter in low metallicity environments. Contrastingly, the photoevaporation rate decreases at even lower metallicities of Z ≲ 10^{-1.5} Zsun, because dust-gas collisional cooling remains efficient compared to far UV photoelectric heating whose efficiency depends on metallicity. The net cooling in the interior of the disk suppresses the photoevaporation. However, adding X-ray radiation significantly increases the photoevaporation rate, especially at Z ~ 10^{-2} Zsun. Although the X-ray radiation itself does not drive strong photoevaporative flows, X-rays penetrate deep into the neutral region in the disk, increase the ionization degree there, and reduce positive charges of grains. Consequently, the effect of photoelectric heating by far UV radiation is strengthened by the X-rays and enhances the disk photoevaporation.
- 07/24 Shunsuke Ideguchi (NAOJ) Basics of Faraday Tomography Technique and Its Applications to Cosmic Magnetism Study
- The synchrotron radiations from various astronomical objects and their Faraday rotation allow us to obtain the information about magnetic fields of the objects and of the media between them and us. The low-frequency, wide-band polarization observations made with the next-generation telescopes represented by Square Kilometer Array (SKA) and its precursors/pathfinders make it possible to use Faraday rotation to create a tomographic reconstruction of magnetized structures along the line of sight, a technique known as Faraday tomography. In this talk, I will introduce the basics of the technique and overview the cosmic magnetism studies using the technique so far.
- 10/02 Richard Teague (University of Michigan)ЁЁObserving the Kinematics of Planet-Disk Interactions with ALMA
- ALMA has undoubtedly revolutionised our understanding of planet formation. It has demonstrated that substructures in the both the gas and dust distributions are ubiquitous, indicative of on-going, unseen planet formation. However, our ability to recreate these substructures with a myriad of mechanisms and perturbers, ranging from multiple-planet systems to planet free ones, leaves us unable to distinguish between scenarios. I will present recent work in which we use the motions of the gas to provide a unique view of planet-disk interactions. I will show how we can measure velocities to a sub-percent level precision, allowing us to infer accurate pressure and density profiles for these disks. With these constraints to hand we are able beginning to be able to differentiate between these scenarios and understand the connections between the dust substructures we see, both at the midplane and in the disk atmosphere, and unseen planets.
- 10/11 Hector O. Silva (Montana State University) Illuminating the strong-field regime of gravity
- Observation of the x-ray pulse profile emitted by hotspots on the surface of neutron stars offers a unique tool to measure the properties of these objects, including their masses and radii. The x-ray emission takes place at the starЁЧs surface, where the gravitational field is strong, making these observations an incise probe into the spacetime curvature generated by these stars. In this presentation, I will discuss how general relativity plays a key role in the accurate modelling of pulse profiles and the prospects for testing Einstein's theory - and some of its contenders - using these observations.
- 10/11 George Pappas (Sapienza University of Rome) Testing the Kerr hypothesis with QNMs and ringdowns
- The Kerr spacetime that describes all rotating black holes is one of the most important solutions of general relativity. The theoretical and astrophysical significance of this solution cannot be underestimated. For this reason it is of analogous importance to thoroughly test whether the objects that we have identified as the astrophysical incarnations of Kerr black holes are actually that or some alternative exotic compact object that simply mimics aspects of their behaviour. With the advent of gravitational wave astronomy, this is possible by observing the inspiral, merger, and ringdown of binary systems. This talk will discuss some ways that we can use to test for these impostors.
- 10/16 Kazunari Iwasaki (Osaka University)ЁЁThe formation of molecular clouds by compression of atomic gases
- The formation of molecular clouds is one of the fundamental building blocks in star formation. In order to determine the initial condition of the star formation,it is crucial to reveal the formation and evolution processes of molecular clouds. We investigate the formation of molecular clouds from atomic gas by using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations including non-equilibrium chemical reactions and heating/cooling processes. We consider super-Alfvenic head-on colliding flows of the atomic gas possessing the two-phase structure. We examine how the molecular cloud formation changes depending on the angle between the upstream flow and mean magnetic field. If the atomic gas is compressed almost along the mean magnetic field, the accretion of the highly inhomogeneous upstream atomic gas drives a super-Alfvenic velocity dispersion which decreases the mean density of the post-shock layer. Even a small obliqueness of the magnetic field weakens the post-shock turbulence. As a result, the post-shock layer becomes denser than that formed by a colliding flow almost aligned to the magnetic field. If the magnetic field is further inclined to the upstream flow, the shock-amplified magnetic pressure suppresses gas compression, leading to an extended post-shock layer. Our results, therefore, show that there is a critical angle which maximizes the mean density of the post-shock layers. Developing an analytic model and performing a parameter survey, we derive an analytic formula of the critical angle as a function of the mean density, collision speed, and field strength of the upstream atomic gas. We also found that the dependence of the post-shock layers on the angle causes a diversity of the physical properties of dense clumps.
- 10/30 Yen-Chen Pan (NAOJ) Understanding Type Ia Supernova with UV Spectroscopy
- Ultraviolet (UV) observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are useful tools for understanding progenitor systems and explosion physics. In particular, UV spectra of SNe Ia, which probe the outermost layers, are strongly affected by the progenitor metallicity. Theory suggests that SN Ia progenitor metallicity is correlated with its peak luminosity, but not its light-curve shape. This effect should lead to an increased Hubble scatter, reducing the precision with which we measure distances. If the mean progenitor metallicity changes with redshift, cosmological measurements could be biased. Models also indicate that changing progenitor metallicity will have little effect on the appearance of optical SN data, but significantly alter UV spectra. To address this problem, we reduced and published the largest UV spectroscopic sample of SNe Ia to date. With this sample, we confirm theoretical predictions that SN Ia UV spectra are strong metallicity indicators. Our findings show that UV spectra are promising tools to further our understanding of SN Ia while directly improving the utility of SN Ia for cosmology.
- 11/20 Yuri Fujii (Nagoya University) Formation of Circumplanetary Disks and Regular Moons
- During the formation phase of gas giants, circumplanetary gaseous disk form around the planets. Circumplanetary disks are important not only for mass supply to gas giants but also for formation of regular satellites. Because of the comparatively small size-scale of the sub-disk, quick magnetic diffusion prevents the magnetorotational instability (MRI) from being well-developed at ionization levels that would allow MRI in the parent protoplanetary disk. In the absence of significant angular momentum transport, continuous mass supply from the parental protoplanetary disk leads to the formation of a massive circumplanetary disk. We have developed an evolutionary model for this scenario and have estimated the orbital evolution of satellites within the disk. In a certain temperature range, we find that inward migration of a satellite can be stopped by a disk structure due to the opacity transitions. We also find that the second and third migrating satellites can be captured in mean motion resonances. In this way, a compact system in Laplace resonance, which are similar to inner three bodies of Galilean satellites, can be formed in our disk models.
- 12/11 Daisuke Nakauchi (Tohoku University) Ionization degree and magnetic diffusivities in the low-metallicity star-formation
- Magnetic fields change the mass and angular momentum of a star-forming cloud and affect the formation of a protostar disk and binary system by driving an outflow and braking the cloud core rotation. The coupling between the gas and magnetic field is, however, generally weak, owing to the low fractional ionization of the cloud. Therefore, accurate calculation of the ionization degree is needed to consider the magnetic fields. Here, we calculate the chemical and thermal evolution of a low-metallicity cloud by using a chemical network in which reverse reactions are considered for all the forward reactions. Considering reverse reactions only for 1/10 of the forward reactions, previous studies can not calculate the ionization degree accurately until the protostar formation. We find that at ~ 10^{14}-10^{19} cm^{-3}, the ionization degree becomes 10-100 times higher than that obtained in the previous studies. This is due to the ionization of alkali metals, like lithium, sodium, and potassium, which are missed in the previous studies. We also calculate the magnetic diffusivities and discuss the implication of our results.
- 1/8 Hiroshi Kobayashi (Nagoya University) From Dust to Planet via Collisional Growth
- Planets are believed to be formed in a protoplanetary disk. The mass ratio of a planet to a dust grain is on the order of 10^42. In collisional history of solid bodies across such a large dynamic range of mass, we need to care various physics controlling relative velocity between bodies and collisional cross sections, which determines the collisional growth of bodies. To tackle this problem, we develop impact simulation, N-body simulation, and statistical simulation. We construct a collisional model based on the results of impact simulation. We investigate the growth of bodies via N-body or statistical simulations based on the collisional model. The statistical simulation is good at the treatment of the large dynamic range of mass, while chaotic orbital evolution in the late stage of terrestrial planet formation should be treated by N-body simulation. Accordingly, we show the growth of dust aggregates to be planetesimals (Okuzumi et al. 2012), the formation of gas giant planets (Kobayashi et al. 2011, 2012), minor bodies such as main-belt asteroids (Kobayashi et al. 2016), and the formation terrestrial planets (Kobayashi & Dauphas 2013). I will introduce the collisional history from dust to planet based on these results.
- 1/22 Jun Kumamoto (University of Tokyo) Gravitational-Wave Emission from Binary Black Holes Formed in Open Clusters
- In February 2016, the first gravitational wave was directed by LIGO. This detection suggests that there are many black-hole binaries of ~30 solar mass. In order to investigate the formation rate of binary black holes (BBHs) in stellar clusters with a mass comparable to open clusters, we performed a series of direct N-body simulations of open clusters with a mass of 2500 and 10000 solar mass. Since such low-mass clusters would have been more populous than globular clusters when they were born, low-mass clusters are also candidates as the origin of BBHs which are the source of the gravitational waves. In our model, most of BBHs merged within 10 Gyr formed via dynamically formed main-sequence binary stars and stable and unstable mass transfer between them since open clusters collapse within the main-sequence life-time of massive stars. Our simulation shows that the contribution of BBHs originated from open clusters is not negligible.
- 2/7 Hiroshi Kimura (Chiba Institute of Technology) The Evolution of Organic Matter in the Universe
- — Genesis 3:19: For dust you are and to dust you will return This is the essence of cosmic dust research at PERC (Planetary Exploration Research Center) in Chiba Institute of Technology. The questions we aim to answer are: Where do we come from? What are we? Where are we going? Primitive cosmic dust consists of C, H, O, and N, owing to the cosmic abundance constraints. The evolution of matter in the Universe is inevitably associated with stellar evolution, and its consequence is enrichment of C, H, O, and N in primitive dust. No doubt, C, H, O, and N are the major elements to comprise organic matter as well as life on Earth. Therefore, we, dust researchers at PERC, aim to seek evidence for a link of organic matter to the origin of life as well as the ubiquity of life in planetary systems through a comprehensive study on organic matter in primitive dust particles. In this talk, I will present recent advances in our understanding of the evolution of organic matter in interstellar dust and cometary dust based on in-situ dust measurements and theoretical modelings.
- 2/12 Kei Tanaka (Osaka University/ NAOJ) Massive Star Formation under Multiple Feedback Processes
- Despite their importance in various fields of astrophysics, the formation of massive stars is not understood well compared to low-mass star formation. Stars with over-100 solar masses have especially been theoretically considered to be hardly formed due to their own radiation feedback even though they do exist. In this talk, I first summarize the concept of "Core Accretion" scenario for massive star formation (e.g., McKee & Tan 2003), which is a scaled-up version of models of low-mass star formation from cores. Then, I present our theoretical works, i.e., the first study of the multiple feedback processes in massive star formation (Tanaka et al. 2017a, 2018). Our model shows that, at solar metallicity, very massive stars with at least 500Msun can be formed by the mass accretion through disks. The MHD disk wind is the most robust feedback rather than the radiative feedback even in massive star formation. We also apply this model to a wide range of metallicities to connect present-day massive star formation and first-star formation in the early universe. At lower metallicity, we find that the star formation efficiency gets lower due to the efficient photo-evaporation. Finally, I introduce our recent observations of massive protostars by SOFIA, VLA, and ALMA (De Buizer et al. 2017, Rosero et al. 2019, Zhang et al. 2019, etc.). We reveal the properties of massive protostars which are deeply embedded in their natal molecular clouds utilizing our theoretical models (Tanaka et al. 2016, 2017b, etc.).
- 2/18 Takashi Shibata (NAOJ) Coalescence condition of planetesimals
- Terrestrial planets and ice giants are thought to be born by the accumulation of planetesimals. The process of planetesimal accumulation has thus far been studied by methods such as N-body simulations, and the process of detailed accumulation such as the runaway growth and oligarchic growth of planetesimals is becoming apparent. However, there has been no research on accumulation correctly evaluating the rebound at the time of planetesimal collision, while recent studies used conditions of protoplanet coalescence only provisionally. Merging that does not consider rebounding or destruction is called perfect coalescence. By accounting for merging planetesimals that bounce off in reality, there is a possibility that the accumulation time has previously been underestimated. It also affects the accumulation of the angular momentum accompanying the accumulation of planetesimals. In a perfect coalescence, even a grazing collision is judged to be coalesced, so accumulation of excessive angular momentum can occur. In order to properly evaluate the accumulation time and the rotation angular momentum, it is necessary to clarify the coalescence conditions of the planetesimal and to consider the rebound when studying planetesimal accretion. In this study, we investigated conditions that determine coalescence vs. rebound by numerically colliding undifferentiated rocky planetesimals, undifferentiated icy planetesimals, and differentiated icy planetesimals using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). We vary the total mass, mass ratio, collision speed, and collision angle of the colliding planetesimals, and define the impact velocity at which the planetesimal bounces as the critical impact velocity. The critical impact velocity was examined for each mass ratio and collision angle, revealing a clear dependence on each parameter. In addition, the critical impact velocity normalized by the escape velocity was independent of the total mass of the planetesimals. From the above results, we can formulate the critical impact velocity as a variable for the planetesimalsЁЧ mass ratio and collision angle. This equation can be used as a condition for determining the rebound and coalescence at the time of the collision in the numerical calculation of the accumulation process of the planetesimals. Moreover, this condition has small dependence on the composition and internal structure of the planetesimals, and it can be used as a coalescence condition for various planetesimals.
- 3/4 Scott Suriano (University of Tokyo) The Formation of Rings and Gaps in Magnetized Wind-Launching Disks
- Radial substructures in circumstellar disks are now routinely detected by state-of-the-art observational facilities. There is also growing evidence that large-scale magnetic fields threading disks are responsible for launching disk winds and driving accretion. We investigate how rings and gaps form in magnetized disks through non-ideal MHD simulations. In axisymmetric 2D simulations including either Ohmic resistivity or ambipolar diffusion (AD), prominent features form in the disk surface density with a strong radial variation of the poloidal magnetic flux relative to the mass. Regions with low mass-to-flux ratios accrete quickly and lead to the development of gaps, whereas regions with higher mass-to-flux ratios accrete more slowly, allowing matter to accumulate and form dense rings. Specifically, in the AD-dominated disks, the radial variation of the magnetic flux is set by the reconnection of a highly elongated poloidal magnetic field across a thin midplane current sheet, through which fast laminar accretion occurs. We extend the simulations of AD-dominated disks to 3D and find that rings and gaps still develop naturally from the same basic mechanism that was identified in 2D. The rings and gaps remain stable in 3D for a few thousand orbital periods at the inner edge of the simulated disks, making them attractive sites for trapping large grains that would otherwise be lost to rapid inward radial migration.
- 3/12 Shingo Hirano (Kyusyu University) Environmental dependence of the first star formation
- First stars play vital roles in the early cosmic evolution by initiating cosmic reionization and chemical enrichment of the intergalactic medium. The characteristic mass of first stars (or initial mass function) is thus essential to understand the observational counterparts and formation and evolution of the first galaxies. We perform a set of cosmological simulations of early structure formation incorporating baryonic streaming motions, which are intrinsically generated in the early universe according to the standard model of structure formation. We find different first star formation depending on the initial streaming velocities: massive star, massive star cluster, and supermassive star. Interestingly, the latter two cases leave (1) a massive black hole binary, which can be a progenitor of strong gravitational wave sources similar to those recently detected by LIGO, and (2) a intermediate mass black hole, which can be a promising seed for the formation of observed high-z quasars, respectively.


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