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News Break Lite: Now you can download News Break Lite APK File for Android on PC, both the smartphones and the tablets which are running 6.0 and up. It is one of the Best News And Magazines Games, that you should give it a try.
The biggest advantage of installing an apk is that you don't have to worry about geographical restrictions. You can download News Break Lite apk from our servers and install them with the preferred methods in the link below. To download the Apk file, you can choose the download links from below. After you have downloaded News Break Lite, copy the apk to your SD card or your device. Then use any preferred file manager you have and install it on your device.
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Download News Break Lite APK
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Install News Break Lite in PC (Windows 7/8/10 or MAC)
There are a lot of ways to install News Break Lite on PC, but we are summarizing the easiest and the reliable ones. The best emulator for android apps is the Bluestacks and then comes the Kn0x App player. We are providing you the tutorials of both of them. You can try the one you are feeling most comfortable with.
We'll be using 2 methods to install the App on PC. Install News Break Lite using:
1. BlueStacks
- To Start, install BlueStacks on PC
- Then Launch BlueStacks on PC
- Once BlueStacks is opened, click the My Apps button in the emulator
- Search for: News Break Lite
- You will see search results for the App. Just tap Install to get it
- Then you'll be asked to log in with your Google account. So you can download apps from Google Play on Bluestacks
- After login, the installation process will start for News Break Lite.
2. Knox Player
- Start with Installing the NOx app player on PC, if you still haven't.
- After the installation run Nox on PC and log in to your Google account
- Search for: News Break Lite
- Install the App by clicking on Install Button on your Nox emulator
- Once installation completed, you will be able to play News Break Lite on your PC
FAQ's News Break Lite
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What is the safest Android emulator?
And if you have any queries related to the App you can also contact the developer here: Particle Media Inc.
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Full Story >
Preserving Our Outdoor Heritage
Photo © Scott Fink
Major Sponsor Spotlight: Ken Boilsen
Greg Nelson: A Lifetime of Conservation Giving
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Ducks Unlimited Calendar Gun Giveaways are one of the many exciting ways that devoted volunteers from across the country raise critical funds for DU's conservation mission.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Millions of Americans have been diagnosed with diabetes. And millions more have diabetes but don't know it, the CDC says. Yet diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S. See how much you know about this long-term disease by taking this quiz.
People with diabetes most often have type 2. You are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes if you:
You are also at risk if you have prediabetes or had gestational diabetes. You are also at risk if you are of a certain ethnic background. This type of diabetes was once seen just in adults. Today more children and teens are being diagnosed with it.
Diabetes can affect many parts of your body. It can lead to serious health problems. These include:
You can help prevent these problems by keeping your blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels under control.


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Commentary: On immigration, ghosts of Christmas past
WASHINGTON -- Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol" is a gooey confection of seasonal sentiment. It also is an economic manifesto that Dickens hoped would hit with "twenty thousand times the force" of a political tract. It concerned a 19th-century debate that is pertinent to today's argument about immigration.
Last week, a disagreement between two conservative think tanks erupted when the Heritage Foundation excoriated the immigration reform proposed by a bipartisan group of eight senators. Heritage's analysis argues that making 11 million illegal immigrants eligible, more than a decade from now, for welfare state entitlements would have net costs (benefits received minus taxes paid) of $6.3 trillion over the next 50 years.
Fifty-year projections about this or that are not worth the paper they should never have been printed on -- think of what 1963 did not know about 2013. Why, then, Heritage's 50-year time horizon? Because 50 years of any significant expenditure is an attention-getting number. And because for more than a decade legalized immigrants would be a net fiscal plus, paying taxes but not receiving benefits.
The libertarian Cato Institute says Heritage insufficiently acknowledges immigration's contributions to economic growth (new businesses, replenishing the work force as baby boomers retire, etc.). This dynamism, Cato argues, will propel immigrants' upward mobility, reducing the number eligible for means-tested entitlements.
Conservatives correctly criticize those who reject "dynamic scoring" of tax cuts. Such a calculation of the revenue effects of cuts includes assumptions about the effect on economic growth from changed behavior in response to the cuts -- especially increased investment and consumption.
Opponents of dynamic scoring usually are opponents of tax cuts. Similarly, opponents of increased immigration downplay what Cato stresses -- immigration's energizing effects.
Which brings us to Dickens' revolt against Thomas Malthus' pre-capitalist pessimism about the possibility of growth and abundance. "A Christmas Carol" expresses Dickens' modernist rejection of Malthus' theory that population always grows faster than the food supply, so the poor must always be numerous and miserable.
When told many of the poor "would rather die" than go to the workhouse, Scrooge replies: "If they would rather die, they had better do it, and decrease the surplus population." But when Scrooge recognizes Tiny Tim might be part of this surplus, he repents, giving Tim's father, Bob Cratchit, a raise and a Christmas turkey. This was Dickens' representation of the modern triumph of economics over fatalism about social stasis.
Sentimental? Certainly. But also expressive of the 19th century's revolution of expectations. As Sylvia Nasar says in "Grand Pursuit: The Story of Economic Genius" (2011), the second half of the 19th century saw "one of the most radical discoveries of all time," the recognition that mankind's "circumstances were not predetermined, immutable, or utterly impervious to human intervention." This called for "cheer and activity rather than pessimism and resignation."
Unfortunately, today's immigration debate occurs during an uncharacteristic American mood of pessimism. Next month, the anemic recovery from the Great Recession will be four years old, and many Americans seem resigned to slow growth, sluggish job creation and stalled social mobility. Hence their forebodings about immigration.
Economic facts matter. But the material ascent of humanity since the 19th century demonstrates that economic facts are not constants, like the law of gravity. Rather, they can respond to induced dynamism, as from immigration.
America is, however, more than an economy, it also is a civic culture. Today's entitlement state, which encourages an entitlement mentality, may or may not be a powerful magnet for immigration; it certainly changes the context of immigration. Furthermore, European immigrants crossing the Atlantic experienced a "psychological guillotine" severing them from their homeland and encouraging Americanization.
Crossing the Rio Grande from a contiguous nation is not a comparable prod toward assimilation. Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Ala., a critic of the proposed reform, rightly warns of immigrants exerting downward pressure on wages at the bottom of America's social pyramid.
And Yuval Levin, editor of National Affairs and a supporter of liberalized policy, notes: "A huge amount of American social policy is directed to reducing the number of people in our country who have low levels of skills and education, and it would be bizarre to use our immigration policy to increase that number significantly."
Complex and consequential, immigration policy should not be made hurriedly. But neither should it be made out of a fatalistic despair about economic dynamism that better immigration policies might foster.
George Will's email address is email@example.com.


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JUNEAU, Alaska — Call Luke Skywalker for backup.
Police in Juneau took a call Tuesday to check out a suspicious device spotted on the side of a road.
The Juneau Empire reports the first officer on the scene wasn't sure what to make of the object. A dispatcher sent out a second officer with expertise in bombs.
Wise in the ways of Star Wars toys was he.
The second officer determined that the device was a plastic light saber toy taped to a stick. The laser swords were the preferred weapons of Jedi knights.
The confusion may have occurred because the toy, which expands to reveal a long plastic "blade," was in the closed position.
Said police department spokeswoman Erann Kalwara: "It was not explosive in any way."


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Presidents Cup has been one-sided in favor of U.S.
The Presidents Cup looks more like the Ryder Cup every year, at least in one respect. One team does all the winning.
It's about the only cup the Americans can win anymore.
Tiger Woods, who has won the Memorial five times, returns to Muirfield Village in Dublin, Ohio, with a strong American team that is a heavy favorite to win the Presidents Cup and keep its record perfect on home soil.
Since this event began in 1994 as a chance for players outside Europe to compete in matches styled after the Ryder Cup, the International team has won just one time. That was 15 years ago in Australia, where the Americans spent most of their time counting money won at the casinos or spending it while shopping online for Christmas gifts.
The last three matches haven't even been close.
"It's not a question of beating the Americans. It's a question of winning the cup. And I think that's something that's really important to the International team," said Nick Price, who takes over the captaincy from Greg Norman. "We've had a tough time. So what I'm trying to figure out is how do we turn the tide?"
International players have been talking over the last several years about the need to win — or at least make it interesting on Sunday — to keep golf fans from losing interest. Woods, not surprisingly, doesn't see it that way.
"We like the way it's gone," Woods said, "and we'd like to keep it going that way."
The last time Price was involved in this competition was the last time it was close. The matches were so tight in South Africa that Price, a three-time major champion and dignified member of the World Golf Hall of Fame, snapped the putter over his knee after missing a short putt.
Those matches ended in darkness after Woods and Ernie Els had played three playoff holes, both conceding the pressure was as great as they had ever felt. It ended in a tie, and ever since the Presidents Cup has been a mismatch.
On paper, this one doesn't appear to be much different.
The Americans are so strong that it didn't have room on its 12-man team for Jim Furyk, Dustin Johnson or Bubba Watson.
Fred Couples, back as captain for the third time, used one of his picks on 20-year-old Jordan Spieth, who started the year with no status and finished No. 10 on the PGA Tour money list. Price used his picks on two players who didn't win a single tournament this year.
The International rookies include Brendon de Jonge, Richard Sterne and Branden Grace. The American rookies in the Presidents Cup include Keegan Bradley and Jason Dufner, who have won two of the last three PGA Championships.
"On paper, everything seems great," Brandt Snedeker said. "But it's not played on paper. Those guys are going to be very well-coached. They're very, very good players with a track record at Muirfield. They probably have a better record, taking Tiger out of it."
Then again, the International team might feel as though it has nothing to lose.
The pressure will be on the Americans. If they fail to win, it will be the first time they have not held any of the professional cups — Europe has won the Solheim Cup the last two years, including last month in Colorado, and Europe has won the last two Ryder Cups, and seven of the last nine.
So why can't they seem to lose the Presidents Cup?
The pressure isn't as great, for starters. Europe plays for its tour in the Ryder Cup. The International team plays under a manufactured flag. Most of the players already are PGA Tour members, and in many cases live in the same neighborhood as the U.S. players.
Muirfield Village is the course Jack Nicklaus built for his Memorial. It becomes the first golf course to host the Ryder Cup (1987), Solheim Cup (1998) and Presidents Cup. History could be on the side of the International team. It was at Muirfield Village that the Americans lost the Ryder Cup at home for the first time.
Els is the only player who celebrated an International win, even though they seem to celebrate just as hard when they lose. Masters champion Adam Scott was on the team in South Africa in 2003, and he was among the most vocal on the second green when captains Jack Nicklaus and Gary Player agreed to tie the cup. That's when Nicklaus reminded Player that the defending champion keeps the cup. Scott wanted Els to keep playing, and then the teams agreed to share the cup.
Still, the Australian has been on every team since then and it always ends the same way.
"I feel it's important for the Internationals to win and just for myself, for my own satisfaction of being on a winning team, which I haven't done in my career," Scott said. "I want to experience that kind of elation with a bunch of other guys around me."
Even on a team with Woods, most of the American attention is on Spieth, the 20-year-old who has dazzled this year. Unlike the Ryder Cup, the captains are together when they fill in their lineups — six foursomes and fourballs matches Thursday and Friday, five of each format on Saturday, 12 singles on Saturday.
It might be fitting for Spieth to take on 21-year-old Hideki Matsuyama of Japan on Sunday, who has had a big year himself. Matsuyama has won three times in Japan, risen to No. 30 in the world and had top 10s in the U.S. Open and British Open.
It would be even better if their match actually meant something, instead of the Americans sailing to another win.


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WASHINGTON (AP) — Republicans controlling the House are moving to take the roughest edges off across-the-board spending cuts that are just starting to take effect.
Even as the military would bear a $43 billion cut over just seven months, the new GOP measure released Monday would give the Pentagon much-needed funding for readiness. It would also ease the pain felt by critical agencies like the FBI and the Border Patrol.
The effort is part of a huge spending measure released Monday that would fund day-to-day federal operations through September — and head off a potential government shutdown later this month.
The measure would leave in place automatic cuts of 5 percent to domestic agencies and 7.8 percent to the Pentagon ordered Friday by President Barack Obama after months of battling with Republicans over the budget. But the House Republicans' legislation would award the Defense Department its detailed 2013 budget while other agencies would be frozen in place at 2012 levels.
The unprecedented across-the-board cuts would then be applied to the day-to-day budgets of every federal agency except Veterans Affairs, which is exempt from them.
The GOP funding measure is set to advance through the House on Thursday in hopes of preventing a government shutdown when a six-month spending bill passed last September runs out March 27. The latest measure blends updated 2013 budget measures for the Defense and Veterans Affairs departments — giving much-sought increases for military operations and maintenance efforts and veterans' health programs — but puts most the rest of the government on autopilot.
Senate Democrats want to add more detailed budgets for domestic Cabinet agencies but it will take GOP help to do so. The House measure also denies money sought by Obama and his Democratic allies to implement the signature 2010 laws overhauling the health care system and financial regulation.
After accounting for the across-the-board cuts, domestic agencies would face cuts exceeding 5 percent when compared with last year. But Republicans carved out a host of exemptions seeking to protect especially important functions, such as federal prisons and firefighting efforts in the West, as well as new funding for embassy security and modernizing the U.S. nuclear arsenal. The FBI and the Border Patrol would be able to maintain current staffing levels and would not have to furlough employees.
The legislation would provide about $2 billion more than the current level to beef up security at U.S. embassies and diplomatic missions worldwide. Last September, a terrorist attack on the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi, Libya, killed Ambassador Chris Stevens and three other Americans.
A project to repair the iconic Capitol Dome could stay on track and NASA would be protected from the harshest effects of the automatic cuts, known in Washington-speak as a sequester.
The across-the-board cuts would carve $85 billion in spending from the government's $3.6 trillion budget for this year, concentrating the cuts in the approximately $1 trillion allocated to the day-to-day agency operating budgets set by Congress each year. Those so-called discretionary accounts received big boosts in the first two years of Obama's presidency, when Democrats controlled Congress, but have borne the brunt of the cuts approved as Obama and Republicans have grappled over the budget.
Both Democrats and Republicans for months have warned the cuts are draconian and would slow the growth of the economy, costing hundreds of thousands of jobs. The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office, for instance, says they would slow the economy by 0.6 percent and cost about 750,000 jobs.


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Images from Malaysia
During the late 18th and 19th centuries, Great Britain established colonies and protectorates in the area of current Malaysia; these were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945. In 1948, the British-ruled territories on the Malay Peninsula except Singapore formed the Federation of Malaya, which became independent in 1957. Malaysia was formed in 1963 when the former British colonies of Singapore, as well as Sabah and Sarawak on the northern coast of Borneo, joined the Federation. The first several years of the country's independence were marred by a communist insurgency, Indonesian confrontation with Malaysia, Philippine claims to Sabah, and Singapore's withdrawal in 1965. During the 22-year term of Prime Minister MAHATHIR bin Mohamad (1981-2003), Malaysia was successful in diversifying its economy from dependence on exports of raw materials to the development of manufacturing, services, and tourism. Prime Minister Mohamed NAJIB bin Abdul Razak (in office since April 2009) has continued these pro-business policies and has introduced some civil reforms.
Southeastern Asia, peninsula bordering Thailand and northern one-third of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia, Brunei, and the South China Sea, south of Vietnam
Geographic coordinates
Area (sq km)
total: 329,847 sq km
land: 328,657 sq km
water: 1,190 sq km
Area - comparative (sq km)
slightly larger than New Mexico
Land boundaries (km)
total: 2,669 km
border countries: Brunei 381 km, Indonesia 1,782 km, Thailand 506 km
Coastline (km)
4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607 km)
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation; specified boundary in the South China Sea
tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons
coastal plains rising to hills and mountains
Elevation extremes (m)
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Gunung Kinabalu 4,100 m
Natural resources
tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron ore, natural gas, bauxite
Land use (%)
arable land: 5.44%
permanent crops: 17.49%
other: 77.07% (2011)
Irrigated land (sq km)
3,800 sq km (2009)
Total renewable water resources (cu km)
580 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural) ()
total: 11.2 cu km/yr (35%/43%/22%)
per capita: 414 cu m/yr (2005)
Natural hazards
flooding; landslides; forest fires
Environment - current issues
air pollution from industrial and vehicular emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; deforestation; smoke/haze from Indonesian forest fires
Environment - international agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note
strategic location along Strait of Malacca and southern South China Sea
People and Society
noun: Malaysian(s)
adjective: Malaysian
Ethnic groups (%)
Malay 50.1%, Chinese 22.6%, indigenous 11.8%, Indian 6.7%, other 0.7%, non-citizens 8.2% (2010 est.)
Languages (%)
Bahasa Malaysia (official), English, Chinese (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai
note: in East Malaysia there are several indigenous languages; most widely spoken are Iban and Kadazan
Religions (%)
Muslim (official) 61.3%, Buddhist 19.8%, Christian 9.2%, Hindu 6.3%, Confucianism, Taoism, other traditional Chinese religions 1.3%, other 0.4%, none 0.8%, unspecified 1% (2010 est.)
30,073,353 (July 2014 est.) evolution and prospects (1950-2100)
Age structure (%)
0-14 years: 28.8% (male 4,456,033/female 4,206,727)
15-24 years: 16.9% (male 2,580,486/female 2,511,579)
25-54 years: 41.2% (male 6,277,694/female 6,114,312)
55-64 years: 7.6% (male 1,163,861/female 1,122,746)
65 years and over: 5.3% (male 777,338/female 862,577) (2014 est.)
Median age (years)
total: 27.7 years
male: 27.4 years
female: 27.9 years (2014 est.)
Population growth rate (%)
1.47% (2014 est.)
Birth rate (births/1,000 population)
20.06 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Death rate (deaths/1,000 population)
5 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Net migration rate (migrant(s)/1,000 population)
-0.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population
note: does not reflect net flow of an unknown number of illegal immigrants from other countries in the region (2014 est.)
Urbanization (%)
urban population: 72.8% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 2.49% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population
KUALA LUMPUR (capital) 1.556 million; Klang 1.19 million; Johor Bahru 1.045 million (2011)
Sex ratio (male(s)/female)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
Maternal mortality rate (deaths/100,000 live births)
29 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
Infant mortality rate (deaths/1,000 live births)
total: 13.69 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 15.82 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
Life expectancy at birth (years)
total population: 74.52 years
male: 71.74 years
female: 77.48 years (2014 est.)
Total fertility rate (children born/woman)
2.58 children born/woman (2014 est.)
Health expenditures (% of GDP)
3.6% of GDP (2011)
Physicians density (physicians/1,000 population)
1.2 physicians/1,000 population (2010)
Hospital bed density (beds/1,000 population)
1.8 beds/1,000 population (2011)
Drinking water source (% of population)
improved: urban: 100% of population
rural: 98.5% of population
total: 99.6% of population
unimproved: urban: 0% of population
rural: 1.5% of population
total: 0.4% of population (2012 est.)
Sanitation facility access (% of population)
improved: urban: 96.1% of population
rural: 94.6% of population
total: 95.7% of population
unimproved: urban: 3.9% of population
rural: 5.4% of population
total: 4.3% of population (2012 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%)
0.4% (2012 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS
82,000 (2012 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths
5,200 (2009 est.)
Major infectious diseases
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
water contact disease: leptospirosis
note: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2013)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate (%)
14% (2008)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight (%)
12.9% (2006)
Education expenditures (% of GDP)
5.9% of GDP (2011)
Literacy (%)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.1%
male: 95.4%
female: 90.7% (2010 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) (years)
total: 13 years
male: 13 years
female: 13 years (2005)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 (%)
total: 10.3%
male: 9.8%
female: 11% (2012)
Country name
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Malaysia
local long form: none
local short form: Malaysia
former: Federation of Malaya
Government type
constitutional monarchy
note: nominally headed by paramount ruler (commonly referred to as the king) and a bicameral Parliament consisting of a nonelected upper house and an elected lower house; all Peninsular Malaysian states have hereditary rulers (commonly referred to as sultans) except Melaka (Malacca) and Pulau Pinang (Penang); those two states along with Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia have governors appointed by government; powers of state governments are limited by federal constitution; under terms of federation, Sabah and Sarawak retain certain constitutional prerogatives (e.g., right to maintain their own immigration controls)
name: Kuala Lumpur; note - Putrajaya is referred to as an administrative center not the capital; Parliament meets in Kuala Lumpur
geographic coordinates: 3 10 N, 101 42 E
time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions
13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Terengganu; and 1 federal territory (Wilayah Persekutuan) with 3 components, Kuala Lumpur, Labuan, and Putrajaya
31 August 1957 (from the UK)
National holiday
Independence Day 31 August (1957) (independence of Malaya); Malaysia Day 16 September (1963) (formation of Malaysia)
previous 1948; latest drafted 21 February 1957, effective 27 August 1957; amended many times, last in 2007 (2010)
Legal system
mixed legal system of English common law, Islamic law, and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of the federation
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
21 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state: King Tuanku ABDUL HALIM Mu'adzam Shah (selected on 13 December 2011; installed on 11 April 2012); the position of the king is primarily ceremonial
head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed NAJIB bin Abdul Najib Razak (since 3 April 2009); Deputy Prime Minister MUHYIDDIN bin Mohamed Yassin (since 9 April 2009)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among the members of Parliament with consent of the king
elections: kings are elected by and from the hereditary rulers of nine of the states for five-year terms; selection is based on the principle of rotation among rulers of states; elections were last held on 14 October 2011 (next to be held in 2016); prime ministers are designated from among the members of the House of Representatives; following legislative elections, the leader who commands the support of the majority of members in the House becomes prime minister (since independence this has been the leader of the UMNO party)
election results: Tuanku ABDUL HALIM Mu'adzam Shah elected king by fellow hereditary rulers of nine states; Mohamed NAJIB bin Abdul Najib Razak was sworn in as prime minister the day after his National Front (BN) coalition won a majority of seats during the 5 May 2013 national election; NAJIB was re-elected uncontested as UMNO president on 19 October 2013
Legislative branch
bicameral Parliament or Parlimen consists of Senate or Dewan Negara (70 seats; 44 members appointed by the king, 26 elected by 13 state legislatures to serve three-year terms with a two term limit) and House of Representatives or Dewan Rakyat (222 seats; members elected in 222 constituencies in a first-pass-the-post system to serve up to five-year terms)
elections: House of Representatives - last held on 5 May 2013 (next to be held by May 2018)
election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - BN coalition 47.4%, opposition parties 50.9%, others 1.7%; seats - BN coalition 133, opposition parties 89
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Federal Court (consists of the chief justice and 4 judges)
note - Malaysia has a dual judicial hierarchy of civil and religious (sharia) courts
judge selection and term of office: Federal Court justices appointed by the monarch on advice of the prime minister; judges serve till age 65
subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; High Court; Sessions Court; Magistrates' Court
Political parties and leaders
National Front (Barisan Nasional) or BN (ruling coalition) consists of the following parties: Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia Party or GERAKAN [KOH Tsu Koon]
Liberal Democratic Party (Parti Liberal Demokratik - Sabah) or LDP [LIEW Vui Keong]
Malaysian Chinese Association (Persatuan China Malaysia) or MCA [CHUA Soi Lek]
Malaysian Indian Congress (Kongres India Malaysia) or MIC [Govindasamy PALANIVEL]
Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah or PBRS [Joseph KURUP]
Parti Bersatu Sabah or PBS [Joseph PAIRIN Kitingan]
Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu or PBB [Abdul TAIB Mahmud]
Parti Rakyat Sarawak or PRS [James MASING]
Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party or SPDP [Tan Sri William MAKAN Ikom]
Sarawak United People's Party (Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sarawak) or SUPP [Peter CHIN Fah Kui]
United Malays National Organization or UMNO [NAJIB bin Abdul Razak]
United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organization (Pertubuhan Pasko Momogun Kadazan Dusun Bersatu) or UPKO [Bernard DOMPOK]
People's Progressive Party (Parti Progresif Penduduk Malaysia) or PPP [M.Kayveas]
People's Alliance (Pakatan Rakyat) or PR (opposition coalition) consists of the following parties: Democratic Action Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [KARPAL Singh]
Islamic Party of Malaysia (Parti Islam se Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI Awang
People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat) or PKR [WAN AZIZAH Wan Ismail]
Sarawak National Party or SNAP [Edwin DUNDANG]
notable independent parties: Sabah Progressive Party (Parti Progresif Sabah) or SAPP [YONG Teck Lee]
State Reform Pary (Parti Reformasi Negeri) or STAR [Jeffery KITINGAN]
Political pressure groups and leaders
Bar Council
BERSIH (electoral reform coalition)
PEMBELA (Muslim NGO coalition)
PERKASA (defense of Malay rights)
other: religious groups; women's groups; youth groups
International organization participation
ADB, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, C, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador AWANG ADEK Bin Hussin (since 21 May 2015)
chancery: 3516 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 572-9700
consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph Y. YUN (since 12 September 2013)
embassy: 376 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur
mailing address: US Embassy Kuala Lumpur, APO AP 96535-8152
telephone: [60] (3) 2168-5000
Flag description
14 equal horizontal stripes of red (top) alternating with white (bottom); there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a yellow crescent and a yellow 14-pointed star; the flag is often referred to as Jalur Gemilang (Stripes of Glory); the 14 stripes stand for the equal status in the federation of the 13 member states and the federal government; the 14 points on the star represent the unity between these entities; the crescent is a traditional symbol of Islam; blue symbolizes the unity of the Malay people and yellow is the royal color of Malay rulers
note: the design is based on the flag of the US
National symbol(s)
National anthem
name: "Negaraku" (My Country)
lyrics/music: collective, led by Tunku ABDUL RAHMAN/Pierre Jean DE BERANGER
note: adopted 1957; the full version is only performed in the presence of the king; the tune, which was adopted from a popular French melody titled "La Rosalie," was originally the anthem of the state of Perak
Economy - overview
Malaysia, a middle-income country, has transformed itself since the 1970s from a producer of raw materials into an emerging multi-sector economy. Under current Prime Minister NAJIB, Malaysia is attempting to achieve high-income status by 2020 and to move farther up the value-added production chain by attracting investments in Islamic finance, high technology industries, biotechnology, and services. NAJIB's Economic Transformation Program (ETP) is a series of projects and policy measures intended to accelerate the country's economic growth. The government has also taken steps to liberalize some services sub-sectors. The NAJIB administration also is continuing efforts to boost domestic demand and reduce the economy's dependence on exports. Nevertheless, exports - particularly of electronics, oil and gas, palm oil and rubber - remain a significant driver of the economy. As an oil and gas exporter, Malaysia has profited from higher world energy prices, although the rising cost of domestic gasoline and diesel fuel, combined with sustained budget deficits, has forced Kuala Lumpur to begin to address fiscal shortfalls, through initial reductions in energy and sugar subsidies and the announcement of the 2015 implementation of a 6% goods and services tax. The government is also trying to lessen its dependence on state oil producer Petronas. The oil and gas sector supplies about 32% of government revenue in 2013. Bank Negara Malaysia (central bank) maintains healthy foreign exchange reserves, and a well-developed regulatory regime has limited Malaysia's exposure to riskier financial instruments and the global financial crisis. Nevertheless, Malaysia could be vulnerable to a fall in commodity prices or a general slowdown in global economic activity because exports are a major component of GDP. In order to attract increased investment, NAJIB earlier raised possible revisions to the special economic and social preferences accorded to ethnic Malays under the New Economic Policy of 1970, but retreated in 2013 after he encountered significant opposition from Malay nationalists and other vested interests. In September 2013 NAJIB launched the new Bumiputra Economic Empowerment Program (BEEP), policies that favor and advance the economic condition of ethnic Malays.
GDP (purchasing power parity)
$525 billion (2013 est.)
$501.5 billion (2012 est.)
$474.7 billion (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$312.4 billion (2013 est.)
GDP - real growth rate (%)
4.7% (2013 est.)
5.6% (2012 est.)
5.1% (2011 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP)
$17,500 (2013 est.)
$17,000 (2012 est.)
$16,400 (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
GDP - composition, by sector of origin (%)
agriculture: 11.2%
industry: 40.6%
services: 48.1% (2013 est.)
Labor force
13.19 million (2013 est.)
Labor force - by occupation (%)
agriculture: 11.1%
industry: 36%
services: 53.5% (2012 est.)
Unemployment rate (%)
3.1% (2013 est.)
3% (2012 est.)
Population below poverty line (%)
3.8% (2009 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share (%)
lowest 10%: 1.8%
highest 10%: 34.7% (2009 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index
46.2 (2009)
49.2 (1997)
revenues: $65.72 billion
expenditures: $79.4 billion (2013 est.)
Taxes and other revenues (% of GDP)
21% of GDP (2013 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) (% of GDP)
-4.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
Public debt (% of GDP)
54.6% of GDP (2013 est.)
53.3% of GDP (2012 est.)
note: this figure is based on the amount of federal government debt, RM501.6 billion ($167.2 billion) in 2012; this includes Malaysian Treasury bills and other government securities, as well as loans raised externally and bonds and notes issued overseas; this figure excludes debt issued by non-financial public enterprises and guaranteed by the federal government, which was an additional $47.7 billion in 2012
Inflation rate (consumer prices) (%)
2.2% (2013 est.)
1.7% (2012 est.)
note: approximately 30% of goods are price-controlled
Central bank discount rate (%)
3% (31 December 2011)
2.83% (31 December 2010)
Commercial bank prime lending rate (%)
4.5% (31 December 2013 est.)
4.7% (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of narrow money
$97.03 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$93.89 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of broad money
$439.7 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$435.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of domestic credit
$421 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$412.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares
$476.3 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
$395.1 billion (31 December 2011)
$NA (31 December 2010 est.)
Agriculture - products
Peninsular Malaysia - palm oil, rubber, cocoa, rice; Sabah - palm oil, subsistence crops; rubber, timber; Sarawak - palm oil, rubber, timber; pepper
Peninsular Malaysia - rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing, petroleum and natural gas, light manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, medical technology, electronics and semi-conductors, timber processing; Sabah - logging, petroleum and natural gas production; Sarawak - agriculture processing, petroleum and natural gas production, logging
Industrial production growth rate (%)
5% (2013 est.)
Current account balance
$16.67 billion (2013 est.)
$18.64 billion (2012 est.)
$230.7 billion (2013 est.)
$227.7 billion (2012 est.)
Exports - commodities (%)
semiconductors and electronic equipment, palm oil, petroleum and liquefied natural gas, wood and wood products, palm oil, rubber, textiles, chemicals, solar panels
Exports - partners (%)
Singapore 13.6%, China 12.6%, Japan 11.8%, US 8.7%, Thailand 5.4%, Hong Kong 4.3%, India 4.2%, Australia 4.1% (2012)
$192.9 billion (2013 est.)
$186.9 billion (2012 est.)
Imports - commodities (%)
electronics, machinery, petroleum products, plastics, vehicles, iron and steel products, chemicals
Imports - partners (%)
China 15.1%, Singapore 13.3%, Japan 10.3%, US 8.1%, Thailand 6%, Indonesia 5.1%, South Korea 4.1% (2012)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$139.4 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$139.7 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
External debt ($)
$100.1 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$98.82 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home
$143.4 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$132.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad
$133.5 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$120.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency converter
ringgits (MYR) per US dollar -
3.174 (2013 est.)
3.09 (2012 est.)
3.22 (2010 est.)
3.52 (2009)
3.33 (2008)
Fiscal year
calendar year
Electricity - production (kWh)
118 billion kWh (2012 est.)
Electricity - consumption (kWh)
112 billion kWh (2012 est.)
Electricity - exports (kWh)
151 million kWh (2010 est.)
Electricity - imports (kWh)
33 million kWh (2010 est.)
Electricity - installed generating capacity (kW)
25.39 million kW (2010 est.)
Electricity - from fossil fuels (% of total installed capacity)
91.7% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
Electricity - from nuclear fuels (% of total installed capacity)
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants (% of total installed capacity)
8.3% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
Electricity - from other renewable sources (% of total installed capacity)
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
Crude oil - production (bbl/day)
642,700 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Crude oil - exports (bbl/day)
269,000 bbl/day (2012 est.)
Crude oil - imports (bbl/day)
160,500 bbl/day (2010 est.)
Crude oil - proved reserves (bbl)
4 billion bbl (1 January 2013 est.)
Refined petroleum products - production (bbl/day)
568,800 bbl/day (2010 est.)
Refined petroleum products - consumption (bbl/day)
542,900 bbl/day (2011 est.)
Refined petroleum products - exports (bbl/day)
176,500 bbl/day (2010 est.)
Refined petroleum products - imports (bbl/day)
175,100 bbl/day (2010 est.)
Natural gas - production (cu m)
61.73 billion cu m (2011 est.)
Natural gas - consumption (cu m)
32.62 billion cu m (2010 est.)
Natural gas - exports (cu m)
33.1 billion cu m (2011 est.)
Natural gas - imports (cu m)
1.99 billion cu m (2011 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves (cu m)
2.35 trillion cu m (1 January 2013 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy (Mt)
191.4 million Mt (2011 est.)
Telephones - main lines in use
4.589 million (2012)
Telephones - mobile cellular
41.325 million (2012)
Telephone system
general assessment: modern system featuring good intercity service on Peninsular Malaysia provided mainly by microwave radio relay and an adequate intercity microwave radio relay network between Sabah and Sarawak via Brunei; international service excellent
domestic: domestic satellite system with 2 earth stations; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 140 per 100 persons
international: country code - 60; landing point for several major international submarine cable networks that provide connectivity to Asia, Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean, 1 Pacific Ocean) (2011)
Broadcast media
state-owned TV broadcaster operates 2 TV networks with relays throughout the country, and the leading private commercial media group operates 4 TV stations with numerous relays throughout the country; satellite TV subscription service is available; state-owned radio broadcaster operates multiple national networks as well as regional and local stations; many private commercial radio broadcasters and some subscription satellite radio services are available; about 55 radio stations overall (2012)
Internet country code
Internet hosts
422,470 (2012)
Internet users
15.355 million (2009)
114 (2013)
Airports - with paved runways
total: 39
over 3,047 m: 8
2,438 to 3,047 m: 8
1,524 to 2,437 m: 7
914 to 1,523 m: 8
under 914 m: 8 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways
total: 75
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 69 (2013)
4 (2013)
Pipelines (km)
condensate 354 km; gas 6,439 km; liquid petroleum gas 155 km; oil 1,937 km; oil/gas/water 43 km; refined products 114 km; water 26 km (2013)
Railways (km)
total: 1,849 km
standard gauge: 57 km 1.435-m gauge (57 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 1,792 km 1.000-m gauge (150 km electrified) (2010)
Roadways (km)
total: 144,403 km (does not include local roads)
paved: 116,169 km (includes 1,821 km of expressways)
unpaved: 28,234 km (2010)
Waterways (km)
7,200 km (Peninsular Malaysia 3,200 km; Sabah 1,500 km; Sarawak 2,500 km) (2011)
Merchant marine
total: 315
by type: bulk carrier 11, cargo 83, carrier 2, chemical tanker 47, container 41, liquefied gas 34, passenger/cargo 4, petroleum tanker 86, roll on/roll off 2, vehicle carrier 5
foreign-owned: 26 (Denmark 1, Hong Kong 8, Japan 2, Russia 2, Singapore 13)
registered in other countries: 82 (Bahamas 13, India 1, Indonesia 1, Isle of Man 6, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 11, Panama 12, Papua New Guinea 1, Philippines 1, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Singapore 27, Thailand 3, US 2, unknown 2) (2010)
Ports and terminals
major seaport(s): Bintulu, Johor Bahru, George Town (Penang), Port Kelang (Port Klang), Tanjung Pelepas
container port(s) (TEUs): George Town (Penang)(1,202,180), Port Kelang (Port Klang)(9,435,403), Tanjung Pelepas (7,302,461)
Transportation - note
the International Maritime Bureau reports that the territorial and offshore waters in the Strait of Malacca and South China Sea remain high risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; in the past, commercial vessels have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway; hijacked vessels are often disguised and cargo diverted to ports in East Asia; crews have been murdered or cast adrift; increased naval patrols since 2005 in the Strait of Malacca resulted in no reported incidents in 2010
Military branches
Malaysian Armed Forces (Angkatan Tentera Malaysia, ATM): Malaysian Army (Tentera Darat Malaysia), Royal Malaysian Navy (Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia, TLDM), Royal Malaysian Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia, TUDM) (2013)
Military service age and obligation (years of age)
17 years 6 months of age for voluntary military service (younger with parental consent and proof of age); mandatory retirement age 60; women serve in the Malaysian Armed Forces; no conscription (2013)
Manpower available for military service
males age 16-49: 7,501,518
females age 16-49: 7,315,999 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service
males age 16-49: 6,247,306
females age 16-49: 6,175,274 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually
male: 265,008
female: 254,812 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures (% of GDP)
1.55% of GDP (2012)
1.67% of GDP (2011)
1.55% of GDP (2010)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international
while the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions over the Spratly Islands, it is not the legally binding "code of conduct" sought by some parties; Malaysia was not party to the March 2005 joint accord among the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam on conducting marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands; disputes continue over deliveries of fresh water to Singapore, Singapore's land reclamation, bridge construction, and maritime boundaries in the Johor and Singapore Straits; in 2008, ICJ awarded sovereignty of Pedra Branca (Pulau Batu Puteh/Horsburgh Island) to Singapore, and Middle Rocks to Malaysia, but did not rule on maritime regimes, boundaries, or disposition of South Ledge; land and maritime negotiations with Indonesia are ongoing, and disputed areas include the controversial Tanjung Datu and Camar Wulan border area in Borneo and the maritime boundary in the Ambalat oil block in the Celebes Sea; separatist violence in Thailand's predominantly Muslim southern provinces prompts measures to close and monitor border with Malaysia to stem terrorist activities; Philippines retains a dormant claim to Malaysia's Sabah State in northern Borneo; per Letters of Exchange signed in 2009, Malaysia in 2010 ceded two hydrocarbon concession blocks to Brunei in exchange for Brunei's sultan dropping claims to the Limbang corridor, which divides Brunei; piracy remains a problem in the Malacca Strait
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees (country of origin): 92,287 (Burma) (2013)
stateless persons: 40,001 (2012); note - Malaysia's stateless population consists of Rohingya refugees from Burma, ethnic Indians, and the children of Filipino and Indonesian illegal migrants; Burma stripped the Rohingya of their nationality in 1982; Filipino and Indonesian children who have not have been registered for birth certificates by their parents or who received birth certificates stamped "foreigner" are not eligible to go to government schools; these children are vulnerable to statelessness should they not be able to apply to their parents' country of origin for a passport
Trafficking in persons
current situation: Malaysia is a destination and, to a lesser extent, a source and transit country for women and children subjected to conditions of forced labor and women and children subjected to sex trafficking; Malaysia is mainly a destination country for foreign workers who migrate willingly from countries including Indonesia, Nepal, India, Thailand, China, the Philippines, Burma, Cambodia, Laos, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Vietnam but subsequently encounter forced labor or debt bondage at the hands of their employers in the domestic, agricultural, construction, plantation, and industrial sectors; a small number of Malaysian citizens were reportedly trafficked internally and abroad to Singapore, China, and Japan for commercial sexual exploitation; refugees are also vulnerable to trafficking; some officials are reportedly complicit in facilitating trafficking
tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Malaysia does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; the government has made no tangible improvements to its inadequate system for identifying and protecting trafficking victims, such as amending its laws to allow victims to reside in NGO shelters; trafficking victims identified by Malaysian authorities are forcibly detained in government facilities, where they are provided with limited, if any, access to legal or psychological assistance by the government or NGOs; increasing efforts are being made to investigate and prosecute trafficking offenders, notably in the area of labor trafficking, though convictions of sex trafficking offenders has decreased; many front-line officials continue to lack the ability to recognize indicators of human trafficking, hindering the investigation of cases and the identification of victims; although the confiscation of passports by employers is illegal, the government has not prosecuted any employers who confiscated migrants' passports or travel documents or confined them to the workplace (2013)
Illicit drugs
drug trafficking prosecuted vigorously and carries severe penalties; heroin still primary drug of abuse, but synthetic drug demand remains strong; continued ecstasy and methamphetamine producer for domestic users and, to a lesser extent, the regional drug market
Largest cities of Malaysia
These are the 50 largest cities of Malaysia ordered based on their number of inhabitants.
|Kuala Lumpur
|Johor Bahru
|Petaling Jaya
|Shah Alam
|Kota Kinabalu
|Kuala Terengganu
|Kota Bahru
|Sungai Petani
|Alor Setar
|Bukit Mertajam
|Bandar Penggaram
|Pasir Gudang
|Bandar Maharani
|Ayer Itam
|Lahad Datu
|Port Dickson
|Ulu Tiram
|Teluk Intan
|Simpang Empat