text:
By Barbara Starr
Two Iranian Su-25 fighter jets fired on an unarmed U.S. Air Force Predator drone in the Persian Gulf on November 1, the Pentagon disclosed on Thursday.
The incident, reported first by CNN, raised fresh concerns within the Obama administration about Iranian military aggression in crucial Gulf oil shipping lanes.
The drone was on routine maritime surveillance in international airspace east of Kuwait, 16 miles off the coast of Iran, U.S. officials said. The Predator was not hit.
Also: U.S. adds to Iran sanctions
"Our aircraft was never in Iranian airspace. It was always flying in international air space. The recognized limit is 12 nautical miles off the coast and we never entered the 12 nautical mile limit," Pentagon Press Secretary George Little said in responding to questions from reporters after CNN reported the incident.
Little said the United States believed this was the first time an unmanned aircraft was shot at by the Iranians in international waters over the Gulf. In December of 2011, a U.S. surveillance drone crashed in eastern Iran. Iranians claimed to have shot it down, and created a toy model of the drone to celebrate its capture.
Little stopped short of calling the incident an act of war although the Pentagon was concerned.
Also: Obama faces world of challenges in second terms
Two U.S. officials explained the jets were part of Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps force, which has been more confrontational than regular Iranian military forces.
At least two bursts of gunfire came from the Su-25s' cannons. The drone started to move away but the Iranian aircraft chased it, doing aerial loops around it before breaking away and returning to Iran.
The Obama administration did not disclose the incident before the presidential election, but three senior officials confirmed the details to CNN on Thursday. They declined to be identified because of sensitive intelligence matters surrounding the matter.
The drone's still and video cameras captured the incident showing two Su-25s approaching the Predator and firing onboard guns.
The Iranian pilots continued to fire shots that went beneath the Predator but were never successful in hitting it, according to the officials.
U.S. military intelligence analysts are still not sure if the Iranian pilots simply were unable to hit the drone due to lack of combat skill, or whether they deliberately were missing and had no intention of bringing it down.
But as one of the officials said, "it doesn't matter, they fired on us."
Little said the United States has to assume Iran was trying to bring down the Predator.
The United States protested the incident but had not heard back from Iran.
Iran has, at other times, been confrontational in the region. In January, the U.S. military and coast guard had close encounters with Iranian Navy vessels which approached at high speeds and exhibited provocative behavior.
Michael Oren, Israel's ambassador to the United States, declined to say whether his country knew about the incident before Pentagon officials
Mr majid,your talk is full of anger,anger leads towards war.but let me tell you and your iranian leaders, time is running out,its time to talk,or.face the bell never seen before.we have faith in Obama and he is loved by the whole world.
SORRY BUT OBLAMA BOY IS NOT LOVED AROUND THE WORLD HE IS ONE OF THE MOST HATED MIEN IN THE WORLD cept for the musslims and those of his color !
Hey blue ice,don't melt like a ice with full of anger.Obama is and will be a great leader and he is loved the whole world.please do travel around the world and do ask people how much they like him.I have done that and I know it.so shut up and pants down.
I love Obama. He is definately not hated as you say. You are one angry Rebuplican't!
be sure we dead >u dead & earth we are iranians not arabs
Mr majid,I won't be dead or the world will be dead,this is your anger talking.what has your Iranian leaders gave you,only hard life and suffering.Get up and think of your future and your kids future.do the right thing.
u know, fk iranian leaders and them policy
u are right about them and me, but obama and america not sent by god and lies flow like a river.
they feel danger about iranian army and get fk iranian people to revolution and stop it but people is tired to change
my friend all this things go to a war i know it and believe it happening soon . i have to defend my country in any way
every culture have rise and fall and we are in fall term a long time but i like to keep it safe for hope of change
good luck my dear friend 🙂
Have faith in your god,soon some one will be in your country to help you all.
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However, in the same Article, there are provisions for restrictions:
(a) For respect of the rights or reputations of others;
(b) For the protection of national security or of public order (ordre public), or of public health or morals.
Furthermore, Article 2(4) of the UN Charter states that "All members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations."
Now, even more Get real.
Please read below so you would know something before you start dribbling here and give me head ache:
Bilateral Agreement
The January 19, 1981, the United States government and the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran concluded the Algiers Accords. (Although the Accords was re-classified by George W. Bush, a review of it is accessible at Columbia Law Review, Vol. 81, No. 4 (May, 1981), pp. 822-90). Article 1 of the agreement is as follows:
"I: Nonintervention In Iranian Affairs 1. The United States pledges that it is and from now on will be the policy of the United States not to intervene, directly or indirectly, politically or militarily, in Iran's internal affairs."
So, now Get Real
What "internal affairs" in Iran is the U.S. interfering with?
You can read right?
1. The United States pledges that it is and from now on will be the policy of the United States not to intervene, directly or indirectly, politically or militarily, in Iran's internal affairs."
Haman1: I read just fine...again, what internal situation in Iran is the U.S. "interfering" with? Answer the question, before you give me a headache...
Please see below information that you need to know before you start rambling here and give me a head ache:
Bilateral Agreement
The January 19, 1981, the United States government and the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran concluded the Algiers Accords. (Although the Accords was re-classified by George W. Bush, a review of it is accessible at Columbia Law Review, Vol. 81, No. 4 (May, 1981), pp. 822-90). Article 1 of the agreement is as follows:
"I: Nonintervention In Iranian Affairs 1. The United States pledges that it is and from now on will be the policy of the United States not to intervene, directly or indirectly, politically or militarily, in Iran's internal affairs."
Now, get real.
its a good responds for any encroachment From U.S.A To Iran
Oh my goodness! an amazing article dude. Thank you Nevertheless I am experiencing problem with ur rss . Don�t know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anyone getting similar rss drawback? Anyone who is aware of kindly respond. Thnkx
Obama is a great leader,and he will play a smart war on Iran ,this war will be sweet and simple.
Obama is not a great man, voter fraud...and now looking to start World War 3....Wake up
WWIII? Which countries are going to come to Iran's defense and get into a direct military confrontation with the U.S. after precision strikes are carried out on Iran's nuclear weapons facilities?
Obama is and will be the great leader.he is a smart when it come dealing with Iran.Have you seen how much Iran is suffering now,and more is on the way.That's what you call a smart war on Iran without a bullet fired.think and then think again what you write u du... A..
CNN is a government propaganda tool...everything they say is a lie!...just look at its track record...and its affiliates...they does fornicate with thee
So, are saying that maybe we should listen to Fox?
Straightforward formulation sufficiently describes the essence of Free of charge expertise.
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Interesting how this was kept quiet until after the election. Why are we just hearing about this on November 8th, 2 days after the election?
The only reason Obama got re-elected was the media. If this country goes down we have them to thank. If the election had been fairly covered Romney would have won. Remember you don't have to be able to read and write in english to vote in the country. In many places you don't even have to be a citizen.
hinduism, terrorism invites hinduism, terrorism, live with it hindu Jew's, criminal secular s, iself centered.
Word hindu is based on Latin word hindered, negative, Hun, great, Han, to be in greatness, hin, to be negative to both of them, hindu, a noun in negativity, hinduism, way of negativity. to learn more visit, limitisthetruth.com
Prophecy fulfilled by prophet Dr.Owuor.JESUS IS COMMING!!
The real enemy is Israel not Iran.
You're an idiot.
Well that makes two who believe this.....you and Obama.
With the dollar sliding quickly into oblivion, the banking cartel have no other choice but to start a war, that's what they do. Even if Romney would have won the election we are sure to get the same two things from either side, death and debt. Now be good citizens and breed somemore soliders! we'll soon have 3 warfronts to mantain.
So, Please tell me why the Drone did not defend it's self? It is quite capable of that ....correct? Spineless Administration.
...because they aren't morons.
Read the first line of the article again... The keywords being "unarmed U.S. Air Force Predator drone"
In addition, even if it was "armed", the MQ-1 is armed with Hellfire air to surface missiles. No U.S. UAV is armed with self-defense (air-to-air) capabilities... People sure post some ignorant questions...easy to find out this basic information on the internet. Must be just too lazy to type a couple of keywords and read...
It was stated in the article that the drone was un-armed.
Not all drones are armed idiot. Most are for survelliance and reconnaissance. Some drones can be armed with Hell Fire Missiles, those are for Air to Ground atacks. Drones are not for dog fights with jets armed with Air-to-Air missiles and 30mm machineguns.
Depends on what type of drove it is. Not all drones are armed.
I guess you don't know what unarmed means.
Just a minor bump in the road towards the USA's peaceful path with Iran and the nation of Islam
CNN you get ONE CHANCE to become a real NEWS NETWORK from this point because this story being reported now look's like it took you too LONG to CLIMB out of OBAMA'S @ S S HOLE to report it. But I have to give you CREDIT you did break the NEWS "nice job cnn"!
You do realize this drone was shopt at 5 days before the election. So CNN once again carried the water.
This is another addition to the numerous ways Obama 's people cheated to win the presidency. They knew of it 5 days BEFORE the election and kept it from us until a couple days AFTER the election. Let's call it as it is. It was censorship, ignoring and abusing our Freedom of the Press, and, again, keeping the TRUTH from the American people. They know they wouldn't and couldn't have won the election without lies, half-truths, omission of the truth and true facts.
Lady patriot is absolutely correct in her statement.
CNN needs to do a news story covering why the Obama administration took 24 government agencies off the freedom of information act? This administration clams to be transparent but their actions show they are not.
THE PENTAGON IS LYING! The drone was over Iranian soil. This US has been invading Iranian air space with spy drones for years to spy on their nuclear facilities. There is nothing of intelligence value 16 miles off the Iranian coast in any direction so it bull to say it was there.
It's just like in the 1950's when the US was sending U2 Spy Planes into Russian air space to spy on the them and finally the Russians shot one down with a missile.
The spy drones are stealth but it looks like the Iranians were able to detect this one an send a jet up to shoot it down.
What would we do if Iran, China or Russian sent spy drones into our country flying over our cities. SHOOT THEM DOWN! So the Iranians did nothing wrong, but the media won't tell you that.
Remember, a U.S. warship shot down an Iranian passenger airliner in 1988 killing 300 people!
Link: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/flight801/stories/july88crash.htm
MQ-1s are "stealth"? You're creditabilty is even further in the toilet...
The Gary Powers U2 was only one of over thirty U2s (and crews) that were downed by the CCCP. Another propaganda spewed by a lackey press. Don't trust any Estate of the Big Banks.
TGK, your logic is linear at best. Get a job!
Get a job? Just got back to home station from the CAOC on a 6 month deployment in the Arabian Gulf working on the combat ops floor working directly with these MQ-1s... You can take your foot out of your mouth now...you lose.
THE PENTAGON IS LYING! The drone was over Iranian soil. This US has been invading Iranian air space with spy drones for years to spy on their nuclear facilities. There is nothing of intelligence value 16 miles off the Iranian coast in any direction so it bull to say it was there.
It's just like in the 1950's when the US was sending U2 Spy Planes into Russian air space to spy on the them and finally the Russians shot one down with a missile.
The spy drones are stealth but it looks like the Iranians were able to detect this one an send a jet up to shoot it down.
What would we do if Iran, China or Russian sent spy drones into our country flying over our cities. SHOOT THEM DOWN! So the Iranians did nothing wrong, but the media won't tell you that.
Remember, a U.S. warship shot down and Iranian passenger airliner in 1988 killing 300 people!
Link: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/flight801/stories/july88crash.htm
Thank you...................People need to stop watching general media................ The drones had invaded their airspace............ People are so thrilled to send the neighbor's kids to war
Let me get this right...............................The pilots of iran could not destroy an unman air craft?? WOW what noobs. next time lets send paper planes.
Hmmm. I was thinking about this last night and came to the conclusion that this is Iran jerking Americas chain. If they had really wanted to shoot the Drone down, they would have. If a Jet can put a lock on a missile and take it out, a Drone would be even easier. No, what Iran was doing was psychological, a "we can get you whenever we want to" flip off. Now, they are just waiting to see how Obama is going to respond because that is what this little "test" was all about from the get-go.
As civilized citizens of the USA we are duty bound to confront anyone, any armed force and especially a knon JIHAD nation who sends strike aircraft into our sp, our shared space over international waters for the purpose of shooting down one of our own aircraft simply because we must show the attacker that we will turn and face an enemy. A show of weakness gets zero respect. In fact it works like a charm when jihadist people are involved. They love to attack people who show weakness. It's like adding salt to a wound and jihadists work from a position of being wounded.
Cooler heads must prevail or else.
I only wish they took out a Stealth. Iran is a sovereign state and one of the oldest Civilizations on earth, unlike the pagan barbarian that characterizes the Estados Unidos. Congratulations, Iran !
(It was the Estados Unidos and Britain who murdered their democratically elected President back in 1953, and installed a diabolical secret police qua M15, CIA, Mossad...)
A SU-25 is not really a fighter jet. It has a cannon but was not probably carrying a serious Air to air package. It was designed for ground support, much like a A-10 for the US. I doubt that the Iranian pilots have received much air to air gun training and an SU-25 pilot probably none. Was never impressed by the Iranian pilots when they were in the US training pipeline.
Are you in the U.S. military? Specifically at the EADS, WADS, ANR or CONR? If you're not, then you need to really zip you mouth on what our reaction would be towards a foreign country flying their aircraft in international airspace off our coast. The Russians have been flying their Tu-95s up and down the AK and CONUS coasts ROUTINELY and NOTHING HAPPENS.
You are clueless...
The messiah wouldn't protect our ambassador or security people in Benghazi...... He certainly isn't going to be upset about an unmaned drone. "Al Qaeda is dessimated and on the ropes".... Chris Matthews tells us the sanctions are working in Iran. and the progressives drive around in cars with stickers that say "War is not the answer".
They think capitalism is evil and that we should surender and die.
"Two Iranian Su-25 fighter jets fired on an unarmed U.S. Air Force Predator drone in the Persian Gulf on November 1, the Pentagon disclosed on Thursday."
By Thursday you mean after the election, right? How long did CNN sit on this story for their Candidate?
It's a declaration of war. Lets invade them!
First we must investigate. It will be a long investigation so that you don't remember what they were investigating when its finally done. Then we will look at how we probably had it coming to us anyway by somehow dissing them on youtube. Then we will arrest the video maker and sentence him to a year in federal prison and apologize to the Iranians for the first ammendment. This is Obama Land after all. Where everything is free except for us.
Muchas gracias. ?Como puedo iniciar sesion?
Veritas, you are either an idiot or a pro-Israel shill, do us all favor find the nearest window and leap!!
You call yourself America 1st how ironic. Would it have been an act of war if it would have beenhit or manned? Or is it okay for other countries to shoot at our aircraftsover international waters just cause?
Don't worry. Obama will apologize.
The good news is that they have now exposed themselves as not even being able to shootdown a remote-controlled airplane with 2 fighter jets. Good luck when Israel (re U.S.) bombs their nuclear facilities in the next few months.
The US plans on holding Israels feet to the fire and preventing them from doing anything to Iran.
November 1 hunh? 51%? Suckers.
Isn't transparency cool when it's hidden? Can't wait for the Fiscal Cliff to get here so you all can (continue) to eat cake.
Yes once again CNN is the gaurdian of this corrupt administration. Knew about this Nov. 1. Shameless!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
To those friends who get upset by Iran action, Iran Islamic's regime has no Legitimacy and Iranians are suffering from this sabotage regime for 32 years, yes officially 98% of Iranians are officially Muslim but as you saw after releasing that anti-Islamic film no one get upset in Iran while Americans best friends(Pakistani's officials) put prize for beheading the film producer.
reza joon dahanetoo beband mozakhraf nagoo
Reza from Iran: I have met many Iranians here in America that are very fine people. I sympathize with your people suffering, but unfortunately, because of his position, Ahmedinejad is the face of Iran, and the only way many people can identify with your country. I would hope that relations between our nations could return to the days of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
As an Iranian tell you please shut your big mouth and if you don't like to live in Iran go back to Saudi Arabia or go and ki$s Israelis' as5
What an outrageous piece of non-journalism. Anonymous sources? Check. Parroting without skepticism the government account of events? Check. No attempt to question the facts, i.e. what was the drone doing? Check. Etc.
This is not journalism it's stenography. What a pathetic organization CNN has become. Starr is a simply a press release writer for the government.
Why does it matter? Meida stenography of government lies, raher than factual reporting, got us into the Iraq war. Remember the big NY Times story about WMD. All Petnatgon BS we know now. How about Vietnam. Remember those torpedo boats that fired at US ships in the Gulf of Tonkin - a major rationale for another ill-advised military foray? All lies we konw now.
Hey CNN, how about sending your reporters back to journalism school for a refresher?
Steve, you are spot on. Sadly, this is not the only example we see on a day to day basis, it's an ongoing trudgery of propoganda. Even more sadly, most people are too dumb to realize it and see their news for what it is, garbage. The only real organization with the chance for producing REAL journalism is PBS, but with the gubment's greasy fingers all over that now too, it's a long shot. Ideally, PBS should be funded by "viewers like you", and by an electorate who cares enough about media independence and journalism to fund it. Amen brother, more attention needs to be brought to the incompetence of media, since so many other problems (as you explained) stem from it.
First, how would our enemy know the drone was un armed? Second, if the Iranian military is responsible for protecting their country from any threat., then they are obligated to take drone or any other perceived threat down whether in their nation's airspace or not. Why? Because they can without any consequence from our weak Traitor in Chief who will do nothing but bore everyone with another useless speech expressing his benign outrage.
This just sounds silly and makes you sound small-minded. What do you expect this president, or any president for that matter, to do in response? Start an international war because they fired upon our drone? Please. If it had been an American pilot, or any other branch of the military, then I see the rationale for a military response. But to argue that Obama is a traitor because he won't place a consequence upon Iran is just ideologically small-minded. Get over the fact that he doesn't operate the way you want. The genius of democracy is that you like some leaders, despise others, and sometimes you get your way.
I don't see any reason the US should risk one life for that country. Keep running the drones, and just be sure to have a response ready if it becomes potentially lethal.
Its an act of war but whatever.Liberals are so insightful. I expect he will do nothing because that's what he always does. I'm sure killing an Ambassador and three other Americans is fine too. Lets not freak out about it. lets find a new safe label for it so you and the Administration can continue to keep your heads frimly between your butt cheeks. Sure that will work what an awesome foreign policy.
What an outrageous piece of non-journalism. Anonymous sources? Check. Parroting without skepticism the government account of events? Check. No attempt to question the facts, i.e. what was the drone doing? Check. Etc.
This is not journalism it's stenography. What a pathetic organization CNN has become. Starr is a simply a press release writer for the government.
Why does it matter? Meida stenography got us into the Iraq war. Remember the big NY Times story about WMD. All Petnatgon BS we know now. How about Vietnam. Remember those torpedo boats that fired at US ships in the Gulf of Tonkin - a major rationale for another ill-advised military foray? All lies we konw now.
Hey CNN, how about sending your reporters back to journalism school for a refresher?
I think Iran needs a good old fashioned nukin'
Americas new stance on people that attack America, STAND DOWN STAND DOWN STAND DOWN, and DENIED DENIED DENIED so everyone get your steel pot and Kevlar liners we will be needing them.
Who has attacked America this time?
You probably didn't hear about Benghazi. But that's understandable because the meida had to protect their candidate. We lost an Ambassador and a few Americans. No biggie. Were filling it under workplace violence and investigating how to punsih ourselves for upsetting the Lybian rebels.
if you don't call raiding an embassy and killing an ambassador an act of war, screwing with an unmanned drone over international waters is nothing.
Trouble is a tenacious bully that habitually provokes the undeserving as well as the deserving. So - which one are we ??
Um. I'm sure in your head we are whoever is to blame for everything bad that has happened in the whole world ever. Did I get it right?
Why are we antagonizing other countries? We do not find drones in America acceptable to our privacy. We invade, bomb and destroy other countries because they do not fall in line with what our government's idea of democracy is. Our forefathers fought our wars for our freedom. It's about time to let the other countries worry about themselves. Time for America to worry about Americans, time for secrecy of a big government to end. Time to look threw the lies and demand the truth.
Jesus Christ go back to school and get an education. Specifically hit up the US history subject area.
You mean "indoctrinated". Americans may know all paths in this world don't involve Israel, but according to any media or Washington, at any moment something could happen so send more money and help us.... It's sick.
I'd say spelling, too.
If you're referring to our history as a country I do not need and education. As for modern day history of our country and the construed truth that you are feed through the mass media outlet then you would be the one who needs to do a little more research. Let's see: lies from you commander and chief over Benghazi , Fast and Furious scandal all whistle blowers saw ramifications for their action in letting the People know. The CIA whistle blower in the Fast and Furious scandal was fired in a Denny's parking lot. Benghazi, The President was watching as it unfolded and denied help when it was called in then lied when asked (right before the election). Why would that happen leaves me to believe there were other motives there….. Learn to question what you're told and do your research. There are more instances where this happens, to many to name. We all know that well know terrorist were trained and paid to do our governments bidding. You must be one of the narrow minded morons that have caused this great country to become what it is. Let's go full circle with this. Give me the truth of why were there no distorted lies. Too many great citizens of this country have lost their lives to what the government tells us is to promote democracy or to protect the people. We as people question others integrity every day why not question the government.
The drone was flying over international waters. It wasn't over Iranian airspace. It wasn't antagonizing anything.
Seriously, I think it's time we teach this guys some lesson.
why was it not reported at the time ? why doses it always take a leak?


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March 18th, 2010
Is aspartame safe?
As a feature of CNNhealth.com, our team of expert doctors answers readers' questions. Here's a question for Dr. Gupta.
From Richard Casselli, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
"How dangerous is food containing aspartame? Do you personally avoid it? Its been linked to the possible cause of brain tumours or other nervous system defects. If it's so dangerous, why is it still in our foods? Should we be avoiding aspartame?"
This is an interesting question, Richard, and an equally interesting debate that is ignited every few years or so. The big concern for some consumer groups and scientists echoes your own: Does aspartame cause cancer?
In the 1990s a researcher suggested that rates of brain cancer seemed to surge at about the same time aspartame was introduced here. Add to that various studies in rats suggesting aspartame could cause cancers like leukemia and lymphoma, and you may understand why concern about this artificial sweetener lingers.
The fact is, current evidence does not support this idea that aspartame could cause cancer, or that it is unsafe. According to the American Dietetic Association, aspartame's safety is documented in more than 200 objective scientific studies. The Food and Drug Administration has concluded that aspartame is safe, and there are no strong data out there to refute that.
In 2007, the most comprehensive look at the research was conducted, and the conclusion was, again, that aspartame is safe. An important caveat to that research – it was paid for by the company Ajinomoto, which makes aspartame.
Thing is, about 6,000 products – including soft drinks, gum, candy, pudding, yogurt – all contain aspartame. When a product is so widely used, it often happens that there is some scientific scrutiny. So I would imagine this debate and these studies will continue for quite a while.
You asked if I use artificial sweeteners myself. Fortunately for my waistline, I do not have an affinity for sweets, so whether the sugar is real or artificial, I tend to steer clear. I favor fresh fruit to get my sweet fix, and fruit ultimately leaves me feeling fuller.
Now, if you do choose to use aspartame, keep in mind moderation. The FDA recommends a daily intake of no more than 50 mg of aspartame per kilogram of body weight. That amounts to 22 cans of diet soda for a 175-pound man, and 15 cans for a 120 pound woman.
And you want to exercise that moderation for any ingredient in your diet. Don't go overboard with the sugar-free foods - make sure to include low-fat foods, natural sugars, and fats to your diet. Skewing your diet in any one direction will create an unhealthy imbalance.
Editor's Note: Medical news is a popular but sensitive subject rooted in science. We receive many comments on this blog each day; not all are posted. Our hope is that much will be learned from the sharing of useful information and personal experiences based on the medical and health topics of the blog. We encourage you to focus your comments on those medical and health topics and we appreciate your input. Thank you for your participation.
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LONDON (AP) – Hopes that U.S. politicians will be able to reach a deal on raising the government's debt limit, avoiding the risk of a disastrous default, supported global markets on Monday, when Wall Street will remain closed for a holiday.
Congress must agree by the end of February to increase the limit on how much the U.S. can borrow so the government can service its debt. If it doesn't, the country could default, which would deal a heavy blow to global financial markets and undermine confidence in the world's largest economy.
The Republicans appear ready to raise the debt ceiling temporarily and have also backed away from their insistence on deep spending concessions in exchange for a deal.
'Although this again could be seen as another round of political battle, any progress to avoid immediate dangers will likely be seen as positive by the market,' said Gary Yau, analyst at Credit Agricole CIB, in a report to investors.
Britain's FTSE 100 was up 0.2 percent to 6,165.52, while Germany's DAX advanced 0.4 percent to 7,730.73. France's CAC-40 gained 0.3 percent to 3,750.76.
U.S. stock and bond markets are closed for Martin Luther King, Jr. Day.
Dickie Wong, executive director of research at Kingston Securities in Hong Kong, said he was optimistic that an agreement on the U.S. debt ceiling would be reached because of the high price tag attached to failing to do so.
'Both parties will find some kind of solution because they all know that the debt ceiling will have to be increased,' Wong said. 'At the very last minute they will sort it out.'
Earlier in Asia, markets were more cautious, with Japanese shares hit hard by a rise in the yen. The Nikkei 225 fell 1.5 percent to close at 10,747.74.
The Bank of Japan began a two-day policy meeting and has been under pressure from the new government to take more aggressive steps to fight the long deflationary slump in the world's third largest economy. Some analysts expect the bank to expand its asset-purchasing program and set an inflation target.
South Korea's Kospi dropped 0.1 percent to 1,986.86. Hong Kong's Hang Seng fell 0.1 percent to 23,590.91. Australia's S&P/ASX 200 rose 0.1 percent to 4,777.50.
In mainland China, the Shanghai Composite Index gained 0.5 percent to 2,328.22 while the smaller Shenzhen Composite Index rose 0.7 percent to 942.50.
In commodity markets, the benchmark oil contract for February delivery was down 48 cents to $95.08 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The contract rose 7 cents to finish at $95.56 per barrel on the Nymex on Friday.
In currencies, the euro fell to $1.3302 from $1.3320 late Friday in New York. The dollar fell to 89.54 yen from 90.03 yen.
— Pamela Sampson in Bangkok contributed to this report.


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Morning Jolt: Look up today to 'photobomb' Saturn
In the news
NASA's "First Interplanetary Photobomb" will take place this afternoon. The Cassini-Huygens spacecraft is near Saturn and will take pictures of the ringed planet and Earth - a very tiny Earth - in the background between 5:27 and 5:42 p.m. EDT. NASA and others are raising awareness about the mission by getting people to look up and photobomb Saturn. The Cassini team is calling it "The Day the Earth Smiled."
Happening today
The big movies opening this week are "Red 2," PG-13, starring Bruce Willis, John Malkovich, Helen Mirren, Anthony Hopkins; "R.I.P.D.," PG-13, starring Jeff Bridges, Ryan Reynolds, Kevin Bacon and Mary-Louise Parker; "Turbo," an animated PG movie starring the voices of Ryan Reynolds, Paul Giamatti, Samuel L. Jackson and Maya Rudolph; and "The Conjuring," R, from director James Wan.
Opening bell
The Dow Jones opened at 15,548.54 after finishing up 78.02 points Thursday.
Motivational quote
"The highest patriotism is not a blind acceptance of official policy, but a love of one's country deep enough to call her to a higher plain." - George McGovern
Watercooler talk: Caught on camera: Man rescues whale
A fisherman rescues a whale after it became trapped in a net, and it was all caught on camera.
More Content Now


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Today in the News: Lunar eclipse 'blood moon' to appear overnight
News to know
A total lunar eclipse in the early morning will turn the moon into a "blood moon," according to NASA. The eclipse begins around 2 a.m. EDT, and the moon will turn a reddish orange color around 3 a.m. and stay that way for about an hour. This is the first of four blood moons the U.S. will see over the next year and a half, a rarity, as some periods of history saw no such moon.
Quote of note
"Titan Aerospace and Google share a profound optimism about the potential for technology to improve the world. It's still early days, but atmospheric satellites could help bring internet access to millions of people, and help solve other problems, including disaster relief and environmental damage like deforestation." - Statement from Google, which today acquired Titan Aerospace, a drone maker. Google now joins Facebook in acquiring drones that the companies believe will help give Internet access around the world.
Hot video: American Airlines responds after girl tweets terror threat 'joke'
A Twitter user's account was suspended after she caused a firestorm on Twitter over the weekend by tweeting an alleged terror threat at American Airlines that she later called a "joke."
More Content Now News


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Let Catholic Directory know here and we'll see what we can do!
Mass Times, Confession & Reconciliation Times, Adoration & Benediction Times and other Prayer & Liturgy Times in Bolsover, Derbyshire S44, UK and the surrounding area.
Click on the areas below to see information about local Catholic Parishes, Catholic Schools, organisations and chaplaincies.
1324 The Eucharist is "the source and summit of the Christian life. The other sacraments, and indeed all ecclesiastical ministries and works of the apostolate, are bound up with the Eucharist and are oriented toward it. For in the blessed Eucharist is contained the whole spiritual good of the Church, namely Christ himself, our Pasch.
1325 "The Eucharist is the efficacious sign and sublime cause of that communion in the divine life and that unity of the People of God by which the Church is kept in being. It is the culmination both of God's action sanctifying the world in Christ and of the worship men offer to Christ and through him to the Father in the Holy Spirit."
1326 Finally, by the Eucharistic celebration we already unite ourselves with the heavenly liturgy and anticipate eternal life, when God will be all in all.
1327 In brief, the Eucharist is the sum and summary of our faith: "Our way of thinking is attuned to the Eucharist, and the Eucharist in turn confirms our way of thinking."
Quoted from the Catechism of the Catholic Church
Those who approach the sacrament of Penance [also known as confession or reconciliation] obtain pardon from God's mercy for the offense committed against him, and are, at the same time, reconciled with the Church which they have wounded by their sins and which by charity, by example, and by prayer labors for their conversion."
Quoted from the Catechism of the Catholic Church


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Tried or prescribed Suma? Share your experience. Have you?
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Suma is a large ground vine native to Central and South America. Sometimes called "Brazilian ginseng," native peoples have long used suma to promote robust health as well as to treat practically all illnesses. They called it Para Toda,which means "for all things." 1
Suma's ancient reputation has generated worldwide interest. However, there has been little formal scientific investigation of the herb at this time.
According to most contemporary herbalists, suma is best understood as an adaptogen, a substance that supposedly helps one adapt to stress and fight infection (see the article on ginseng for a more in-depth discussion about adaptogens). Russian Olympic athletes have reportedly used suma (as well as other adaptogens) in the belief that it will enhance sports performance . In the United States, suma is often recommended as a general strengthener of the body, as well as for the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome , menopausal symptoms , ulcers , anxiety , menstrual problems , impotence , and immune support . The herb also enjoys a...
Safety Issues
Suma has not been associated with any serious adverse reactions. However, comprehensive safety studies have not been undertaken. Safety in young children, pregnant or nursing women, or those with severe liver or kidney disease has not been established.


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Execution of Kim's uncle will have more fallout in N. Korea
PYONGYANG, North Korea — The execution of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un's uncle brought a swift and violent end to a man long considered the country's second most powerful. But while Jang Song Thaek is now gone, the fallout from his purge is not over.
In a stunning reversal of the popular image of Jang as a mentor and father figure guiding young Kim Jong Un as he consolidated power, North Korea's state-run media today announced he had been executed and portrayed him as a morally corrupt traitor who saw the death of Kim's father, Kim Jong Il, in December 2011 as an opportunity to make his own power play.
Experts who study the authoritarian country, which closely guards its internal workings from both outsiders and citizens, were divided on whether the sudden turn of events reflected turmoil within the highest levels of power or signaled that Kim Jong Un was consolidating his power in a decisive show of strength. Either way, the purge is an unsettling development for a world that is already wary of Kim's unpredictability amid North Korea's attempts to develop nuclear weapons.
"If he has to go as high as purging and then executing Jang, it tells you that everything's not normal," said Victor Cha, a former senior White House adviser on Asia.
The first appearance of the new narrative came out just days ago, when North Korea accused Jang, 67, of corruption, womanizing, gambling and taking drugs. It said he'd been eliminated from all his posts. Today's allegations heaped on claims that he tried "to overthrow the state by all sorts of intrigues and despicable methods with a wild ambition to grab the supreme power of our party and state."
"He dared not raise his head when Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il were alive," it said, referring to the country's first leader and his son. But after Kim Jong Il's death, it claimed, Jang saw his chance to challenge Kim Jong Un and realize his "long-cherished goal, greed for power."
The purge also could spread and bring down more people, Cha said. "When you take out Jang, you're not taking out just one person — you're taking out scores if not hundreds of other people in the system. It's got to have some ripple effect."
South Korean intelligence officials say two of Jang's closest aides have already been executed last month.
Narushige Michishita, a security expert at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies in Tokyo, suggested that Jang's removal shows "that Kim Jong Un has the guts to hold onto power, and this might have shown his will to power, his willingness to get rid of anything that stands in his way."
One of the biggest opportunities for the world to see what may happen next will come on Dec. 17, which is the second anniversary of Kim Jong Il's death. North Korea watchers will be closely following whether Jang's wife, Kim Kyong Hui, the younger sister of Kim Jong Il, and other figures are present in the official ceremonies marking the day.
Jang's removal leaves no clear No. 2 under Kim, whose inner circle now includes Vice Marshal Choe Ryong Hae, Premier Pak Pong Ju, and Kim Yong Nam, the ceremonial head of state.
News of Jang's execution was trumpeted across the nation by North Korea's state media — with unusually vitriolic outbursts on TV, radio and in the main newspaper — as a triumph of Kim Jong Un and the ruling party over a traitor "worse than a dog" who was bent on overthrowing the government.
Pyongyang residents crowded around newspapers posted at the capital's main subway station to read the story. State media said Jang was tried for treason by a special military tribunal and executed Thursday.
"He's like an enemy who dares to be crazy enough to take over power from our party and our leader," said Pak Chang Gil, echoing the media's official line. "He got what he deserved."
That's a long way from the popular perception that "Uncle Jang" was nurturing his nephew as a regent appointed by Kim Jong Il. Jang was seen prominently behind Kim Jong Un as he walked by his father's hearse during his 2011 funeral. He was also a fixture at the new leader's side as he toured the country.
The KCNA report was unusually specific in its accusations. It criticized Jang for not rising and applauding his nephew's appointment to a senior position because Jang "thought that if Kim Jong Un's base and system for leading the army were consolidated, this would lay a stumbling block in the way of grabbing the power."
It stressed repeatedly that Jang had tried to assemble a faction of his own, suggesting the purging process could still be playing out.
Jang's death could herald a "reign of terror," including more purges, said Lim Eul Chul, a North Korea expert at South Korea's Kyungnam University.
Another question mark is how the purge will impact North Korea's relationship with its only major ally, China. Jang had been seen as the leading supporter of Chinese-style economic reforms and an important link between Pyongyang and Beijing. China has called Jang's execution a domestic issue and has avoided further public comment.
North Korea has recently turned to attempts at diplomacy with South Korea and the United States. But tensions have remained high since Pyongyang's threats in March and April, which included warnings that it would restart nuclear bomb fuel production.
Another resident of Pyongyang, Ri Chol Ho, said he did not believe Jang alone was deserving of the harshest punishment.
"For this group of traitors who were going to destroy our single-hearted unity, execution is too lenient," he said. "They should be torn up and thrown into the rubbish bin of history."


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Sanitation and water for poor urban communities: a manifesto, 2011. WaterAid.
Full-text (pdf)
WaterAid calls on governments and development agencies across the world to put the highest political priority on the provision of water and sanitation services to poor urban communities. These services
are fundamental to human health and development, nowhere more so than in densely populated urban areas.
With no indication that the pace of urbanisation, and subsequently the growth in poor urban areas, will slow, the international community must act collaboratively to ensure these basic human rights are afforded to poor urban communities – and it must act now. Here, WaterAid sets out the examples and objectives for successful delivery of sanitation and water to poor urban communities.


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The secret to a great burger? Less is more!
When the weather turns warm, I find myself craving the smell and taste of a great homemade burger off the grill.
So what makes a great burger? There are a few simple rules. But if you remember just one of them, it should be that less really is more. Which is to say, the less you add to your ground beef, the less you handle the meat when mixing it, and the less you flip it while grilling, the better burger you get in the end.
The foundation of my backyard burger is a 50-50 combination of sirloin and chuck. I love mixing the leaner and cleaner ground sirloin with the rich beefiness of ground chuck. A patty that is 100 percent sirloin is too lean, and 100 percent chuck is too fatty.
If I am close to a good butcher, I also love to make a custom grind. You can ask the butcher to grind the odd pieces of brisket, short rib, skirt and hanger steak, and add it to a lean and clean base of sirloin for a top notch burger. The key is a mix of lean and fatty meat, freshly ground.
Beyond the meat itself, you don't want to add too many other ingredients, particularly wet ones. You don't want to compete with the flavor of the beef, or leave it too watery. I limit myself to a sprinkle of salt and pepper, plus just a bit of dry mustard and Worcestershire sauce. The last two amp the savory flavors of the burger without competing with it.
Once the meat is seasoned, I lightly mix everything together and divide it into equal portions. I generally use 2 pounds of meat to make six burgers. This step can be done up to a day in advance. If prepping in ahead, refrigerate the patties and make sure they are well covered to minimize the oxidation (discoloration) of the meat.
Before the burgers go on the grill, be sure to press your thumb into the center of each patty, pushing it halfway down. This is the real secret to a perfect backyard burger. This is because as the meat cooks, the fibers expand and they inflate the burger, turning it into a ball. If you make the depression with your thumb, the meat expands to fill the hole, leaving the burger flat.
A hot grill also is important to getting a great burger. Be sure to heat it with all burners on high (or wait until the charcoal is covered with a gray ash), then clean the heated cooking grates with a brass-bristle brush. Reduce the heat to a medium just before placing the burgers on the grill. You should hear a satisfying sizzle when the meat hits the grates! Cover the grill and flip the burgers just once halfway through the cooking time.
The meat will initially stick to the grill grates. But as it cooks, it will naturally release itself. This is true of many foods and all protein, whether you are grilling or sautéing it. This is why it is so important not to flip the burgers more than once, as well as why so many burgers end up falling apart when they are flipped too early. And it should also go without saying that pressing down on the burgers with a spatula is a no-no, too!
1 pound ground sirloin
1 pound ground chuck
1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce
1 teaspoon Coleman's dry mustard
1 teaspoon kosher salt
1/2 teaspoon ground black pepper
2 tablespoons extra-virgin Olive oil
1/4 cup (1/2 stick) melted butter
6 kaiser rolls, sliced
6 crisp butter or Boston lettuce leaves
6 slices purple or sweet onion, such as Vidalia
2 large tomatoes, cut into 6 slices
6 slices cooked bacon (optional)
Ketchup (optional)
Mustard (optional)
Mayonnaise (optional)
Heat a grill to high.
In a large bowl, combine the ground sirloin and ground chuck. Mix it together, being careful not to overwork the meat. Add the Worcestershire sauce, dry mustard, salt and pepper. Mix until just combined, then divide the mixture into 6 pieces. Gently shape each piece into a burger about 3/4 inch thick. Press your thumb gently into the center of each to form a depression.
Brush the patties lightly on both sides with the olive oil. Reduce the heat to medium, then add the burgers and grill until the meat no longer is pink, 8 to 10 minutes, turning once halfway through grilling time.
Meanwhile, brush butter over both sides of the rolls and grill until lightly toasted, about 2 to 3 minutes.
Serve the burgers immediately on the buttered rolls with a lettuce leaf, a slice of raw onion, tomato and a slice of bacon, if desired. Serve with traditional condiments on the side.
Nutrition information per serving: 550 calories; 260 calories from fat (47 percent of total calories); 30 g fat (12 g saturated; 1 g trans fats); 110 mg cholesterol; 36 g carbohydrate; 3 g fiber; 4 g sugar; 35 g protein; 760 mg sodium.
Start to finish: 30 minutes
Servings: 6


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Advanced Planning Library
Northwestern Mutual's Advanced Planning Library is a powerful legal research tool designed for use by attorneys, CPAs, trust officers, law school professors, business school professors, actuarial consultants, planned giving-charitable organizations, and retirement plan consultants.
This Website contains materials covering topics such as estate, business, charitable, retirement and insurance planning produced by both attorneys in the Advanced Planning Division of Northwestern Mutual and outside professionals.
A user ID and password are required to access the site. Access is free but is only available through a Northwestern Mutual Representative or by requesting access via the Advanced Planning Library Registration Form.
If you already have a user ID and password, you may enter the Library here.


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Praying for:
Macushi of Brazil
Topic: 1 of 3
Health: Family
Satan often uses health issues to hinder the work of the kingdom. We need to guard over the minister and their family in prayer, so they can be free to go in His name.
Pray for the Lord's presence and power to meet every need, and under-gird them in their mortal body.
1Sa 25:6 Say to him: 'Long life to you! Good health to you and your household! And good health to all that is yours!'
Father, You formed us in our mother's womb and established the number of our days before there was even one of them. You are intimately acquainted with all of our ways, and nothing escapes Your notice.
Lord, I thank You for
Macushi of Brazil
, and for the sacrifices they make for Your Kingdom. I lift up
Macushi of Brazil
's family right now, and I ask for Your hand of blessing to be over their health. Surround them with Your favor as with a shield, and guard them from sickness and affliction. In Jesus name I rebuke the one who comes to kill, steal and destroy, and I bless the health of
Macushi of Brazil
's family in Jesus name. Bless their rest, and bless their food. Fill them with Your joy Lord and let Your nearness be their strength.
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With Mac OS X and iOS both sharing a lot of underlying code, and touchscreen interfaces becoming more popular, there is certainly reason to believe that Apple could leverage an iOS-like touchscreen interface for future computers. Patently Apple recently discovered a patent application filed with the World Intellectual Property Organization earlier this year, which reveals that Apple has considered how both desktop and laptop computers could switch from a more traditional desktop UI best suited for use with a keyboard and mouse to a UI geared for touch input. Such machines could use a sort of hybrid between Mac OS X and iOS, switching UI layers for the most appropriate context.
When we spoke to a cadre of Mac OS X developers earlier this year, they universally agreed that iOS was having more influence on the direction of Mac OS X than the other way around. Cabel Sasser, co-founder and developer at Panic, especially felt that Mac OS X 10.7 could potentially be a hybrid between the two OSes. "I could see a gradual, slow merger between iOS and Mac OS X styles and approaches," he told Ars. "It doesn't make sense for them to be developing two of everything, one good, one not as good—two calendars, two address books—it's got to merge somehow."
Ars' John Siracusa, in a recent editorial for Macworld, expressed his hope that Mac OS X 10.7 could power new touchscreen-based Macs. However, he wrote, the standard WIMP interface just isn't going to cut it for touchscreen use:
Unfortunately, the Mac user interface is not designed for touch. Standard Mac OS X controls like scrollbars, buttons, and checkboxes are far too small to be comfortably manipulated with an adult-size finger. Worse, some common operations—such as hovering a cursor over an interface element without actually clicking it—can't be done at all using touch alone. On the hardware side, poking at the vertical screen surface of, say, a future touch-sensitive iMac would quickly produce arm fatigue.
Like Sasser, Siracusa also believes that a future version of Mac OS X could switch UI paradigms depending on user needs and the configuration of a hypothetical transforming MacBook/iPad device. Such a device would be "a light, fully capable Mac laptop when you need all the power it provides, and a slightly bulky (but screamingly fast) iPad when you don't."
Apparently Apple has considered giving users exactly that. The WIPO patent application, titled "Transitioning Between Modes of Input," describes how a iMac-like computer could be tilted from a vertical to more horizontal position. When a suitable change in screen angle is detected, the UI could shift into a mode geared toward touch input. Switching the display back would trigger a switch to mouse and keyboard input.
The patent also considers laptops with similar functionality. When the display is reoriented to lay flat—essentially converting a laptop into a flat, touchscreen tablet—the OS would switch to a touch-based UI. When the display is switched back, you would again be able to use traditional keyboard and trackpad input.
Though the patent doesn't describe particularly how application software would handle the context switch, one possibility is that applications could be bundled with both a "regular" UI and a "touch" UI, with shared underlying code to handle program logic and data. The application could then present the appropriate UI depending on the configuration of the machine. Additionally, apps built specifically for iOS devices could easily run in a compatibility layer, just as iPhone and iPad apps now run on Mac OS X machines in a simulator used during development.


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Rhode Island Cancer Death Statistics
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Roughly 600,000 Americans died from cancer in 2017—nearly 185 deaths for every 100,000 people.
Cancer is caused by the development of neoplasms (tumors) which divide uncontrollably, spreading to and destroying surrounding tissues. There are many kinds of cancer, and many risk factors associated with them—notably tobacco and alcohol use. This report shows mortality data in Rhode Island from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s WONDER database.
Cancer Mortality Trends in Rhode Island
Nationally, the death rate for cancer has steadily declined since the 1990's. The American Cancer Society attributes this drop to a concurrent decline in smoking rates, as well as better methods for early detection and treatment of cancer.
Cancer mortality has declined even as the incidence rate—that is, the rate of new cancer cases among the population—has remained relatively stable. Over the past decade of available data, cancer incidence for men decreased by about 2 percent and remained roughly unchanged for women.
Demographic Differences in Rhode Island Cancer Deaths
By Sex
Nationally, men are more likely to die from cancer than women. In 2017, about 181 men per 100,000 died from cancer; for women, the rate was about 131 deaths per 100,000.
Both men and women have experienced major declines in cancer death rates. In 1999, 252 men per 100,000 died of cancer; for women, the rate in 1999 was 167 per 100,000. The disparity in cancer mortality between men and women is known to the medical community and may reflect a complex set of factors, including differences in behavioral risk factors, access to medical care, and biological differences.
Note: Use the time-slider to change the year displayed on charts. For small demographic slices, data may not be reported: the CDC suppresses reporting of small death counts for privacy reasons.
By Race
Cancer affects certain groups of people at different rates. Nationally, African Americans have the highest rate of cancer mortality, and Asians/Pacific Islanders have the lowest.
Just as many factors can contribute to cancer risk, disparities in cancer mortality arise from a complex set of factors as well. For example, members of minority groups are more likely to be poor. According to the National Cancer Institute, people in poverty, in turn, often lack adequate medical care and are more likely to be exposed to environmental risk factors, such as air pollution.
By Age
A chronic disease, cancer disproportionately affects the elderly. For young Americans, deaths from cancer, while tragic, are relatively rare.
More Information
• "Cancer statistics, 2018." National Center of Biotechnology Information, 2018.
• "Cancer Facts and Figures." American Cancer Society, 2018.
• "Sex Disparities in Cancer Mortality and Survival." NCBI (NIH), 2018.
• "Cancer Health Disparities Research." National Cancer Institute (NIH), 2018.
• "Cancer Prevention and Control." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018.
About the Data
Mortality data in this story was queried from the CDC Wonder API, based on the following parameters:
• UCD code: [C00-C97].
• All days, autopsy statuses, places of death.
The charts show the CDC's age-adjusted rate, rather than crude rate, to account for variations in age-distribution and population size—with the exception of the chart comparing rates by age group.


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Yes and no. There's several reasons why I devote less space here to what NFL teams do than for college teams. Far and away the most significant reason though, is that, somewhat counterintuitively, NFL offenses are surprisingly bland and homogenized. Not entirely, but as a rule of thumb, 80% of what NFL teams do on offense (or defense, really too) is extremely straightforward to the point where every team runs the same stuff. And the list is not that long. In an appendix at the bottom, I have cataloged basically the entire set. Most notably, the whole NFL's entire run game amounts to about four or five plays: the inside zone (also known as the "tight zone"), the outside zone (also known as the "stretch play" or the "wide zone"), power, counter, and some kind of draw, particularly the lead draw. No matter what cosmetic deceptions you see when you watch an NFL game (and remember, these cosmetics are supposed to be good enough to fool the opposing coaches who have studied film all week), you're seeing the same plays over, and over, and over again. There is some admitted monotony to this. Indeed, after today, having sketched out a great deal of this 80% of the NFL's offense, there won't be much need for me to come back to what a specific NFL teams do.
But what of all those stories of Jon Gruden or Andy Reid getting only 45 minutes of sleep a night (and of course sleeping in their offices), and all the film study, 500 page NFL playbooks, and lengthy gameplans buttressed by exhaustive statistical analyses. This is the other 20%, which often is interesting. But it is interesting in a very specific way -- within the framework of the basic, repetitive concepts that compose the other 80%. NFL coaches are understandably obsessed with "matchups," a word favored by every football talking head. The coaches spend an incredible amount of time focused on how to get this receiver to go against that safety, this blitzing linebacker against that tight-end, or this pulling tackle against that defensive end. It's an evolving, repetitive, circular, intensive battle.
Yet is of limited ongoing or generalizable significance. Let's say an NFL coach wants to run the counter trey, which is a run play where one lineman pulls and traps (i.e. blocks from the inside out), and another blocker (either lineman or tight-end) leads (i.e. goes up into the crease and looks to hit a linebacker). He might alter the assignments, or use a particular motion or shift or formation, because he wants the kick-out block to go against a certain guy and the lead against another. And, if successful, you, as spectator, probably won't notice what he did: the coach wasn't looking for a pancake block, just "success," which might be as simple as the blocker's getting in the way enough that the runner could get four yards. This "matchup" isn't always as dramatic as you might think. This does not demean its importance, but, from my perspective, does not always lend itself to lengthy, repeated examples.
Moreover, getting into this minutiae requires a great deal of digging and backstory. What have these teams done in the past? Who is injured this week? What is the history between the opposing coaches? I have discussed some of this type of thing before, for example, here. But again, this great complexity ironically flows from a rather bland and homogenous set. The NFL appears populated by eternal, diligent tinkerers rather than broad thinkers.
Television's role
There's a final reason, however, that I don't routinely get into detail with NFL offenses: I'm not convinced the NFL wants anyone to. Whether a marketing decision or one to placate paranoid franchises --word is guys like Mangini are exceptionally controlling of the flow of info, including requiring people to burn and destroy film or handouts -- NFL films does not actually make this footage available, and most of what it shows are such extreme close-ups that it is impenetrable from a strategy perspective. Part of the theory is undoubtedly the desire to overcome the fact that it is marketing a sport where all the players wear masks, something the NBA and golf and most other sports don't have to deal with.
Unfortunately, the result is that it's impossible to get a sense of what is going on during a play: the quarterback releases the ball, the ball floats magically in the air, and the receiver appears like an apparition out of nowhere to catch it. And the practical questions remain. What coverage were they in? What route did the receiver run? What complementary routes did the other receiver run? Who rushed the quarterback? Who picked up those rushers? It's impossible to tell. Take the clip below of the 49ers's dramatic, waning minutes victory over the Bengals in Super Bowl XXIII.
There's a couple of times where you can get a sense of a route or two, but there's not one play where I could (a) diagram the play in its entirety, i.e. all the receivers, or (b) more importantly, tell you what exactly the defense was doing, particularly the secondary. On the big pass to Jerry Rice over the middle, it's clear he ran a dig route, but it's not clear why he was so open. And then the voice-over goes so far as to tell you the actual name of the game winning touchdown play, yet could you tell me what any of the receivers besides John Taylor did on the play? Wouldn't the coverage on Jerry Rice, who would up MVP of the game, have been relevant as to why Taylor was so open? (Both Bill Walsh and Joe Montana later diagrammed the play in their books; there was actually a problem with the playcall as meshing with the formation.)
Fine, that's NFL Films. But what about watching the game on television? Yes, you get some replays, but generally it is not much better. You're lucky if you see the linebackers. Homer Smith once gave advice to people who watch football on television: Don't watch the ball, watch the defense -- you'll never miss where the ball winds up going. Yet he admits that with modern angles this advice is often impracticable. Ironically, too, the NFL, with more money (and likely its intent to market personalities) affixes its camera angles tighter than do college broadcasts My sense is that many college games can only afford a couple of cameras, so they pick a couple that can get a flavor for more of the field. The NFL instead overdoes it.
Why so simple?
That 80% of every NFL teams' offense consists of the same bunch of plays run over and over, combined with the inadequate broadcast techniques that robs the viewer of the ability to decipher the minute game-within-a-game adjustments that are going on, helps explain why it is not always worth it for me to discuss with great specificity what each NFL team does. But that still doesn't answer why NFL offenses are like this. (Defenses have the same issue of 80/20 blandness, though they will sometimes give incredibly exotic looks solely due to the freakish nature of some of the players. NFL cornerbacks can constantly play "press-bail" -- meaning they can show bump and run and yet be able to "bail" and play deep if necessary -- because they are so athletic, and I've seen guys like Ravens safety Ed Reed do miraculous things like line up directly on the line of scrimmage over a tight-end and then at the snap retreat and play deep half-field safety on the opposite side of the field. Other than the kind of stuff that you can only do if you've won the DNA lottery, NFL defenses all tend to be the same as well.)
Theories abound to explain the phenomena. Ones often trotted out: NFL coaches are closed minded; they don't understand the option/spread/wishbone/etc; the speed of the game is much greater than it is college; it's all some sort of conspiracy; and, finally, we have it all backwards, and this NFL-homogenity is actually somehow better, we're just missing it.
These can be dealt with in short order. The NFL has the most money and pressure at stake, and coaches have little job security. There is no reason for them to be so closed minded. And they certainly do understand the option. Many have coached at other levels before, and, though they might not be experts, it doesn't take long to explain how the option and the spread work and why they have been effective. The conspiracy stuff is bunk, and I think it can't be argued that the NFL is not homogeneous or monotonous, and, in theory at least, more diversity would be better, no? Most of the NFL offense defenders argue that the players make it worthwhile to do this, or the passing game is what makes it all necessary, or there is some hidden meaning we're all missing. (This argument is more common than might be initially guessed, and usually takes the following form: "The NFL is better because all that stuff is just a bunch of gimmicks," with "gimmick" being the derogative catch-all term for anything that breaks out of the 80% mold delineated in full below. As described below, one unfortunate plank of this argument is the reliance on the idea of "ideal" football.)
The speed argument is more difficult to discard, though I think for now we can ignore it. On the one hand, the idea that the defense is faster suddenly dooms all these schemes common to college seems bizarre considering that the offensive guys are (or should be?) faster too. Thus, relatively, there is no speed advantage. On the other hand, if NFL players are all both bigger and faster, then in practical terms the field itself has shrunk, even if the players are relatively the same. Yet on the other, other, hand, with more straight ahead speed and better quarterbacking, teams can better stretch the field vertically. On the whole, unless someone wants to do some real studies, I find this rather inconclusive.
There are three arguments that I think do help explain the NFL 80/20 blandness. Note however that not included in this list is the meme popular among the NFL itself (and those announcers!) that what they do is simply "better." The problem with this idea is that "better" begs too many questions: Better than what? Better how? Better as a professional offense with professional players, or better for high school players too? What is better considering that there is time to integrate any concept you want into your playbook? Isn't the "better" thing then just the more time and resources you have? So I leave this aside.
The three are:
- Coaching incest. The NFL fraternity is too incestuous, and thus they don't get out of their comfort zone enough and don't seriously engage with what is going on elsewhere.
- Lack of incentive to experiment.Related to above, but the idea is that, post free-agency, there is little reason for NFL coaches to "think outside the box," and when they do and fail, they will be ridiculed and fired. For example, Marv Levy famously went to the Wing-T offense with the Kansas City Chiefs in the late 70s and early 80s, and was promptly fired.)
- The quarterback obsession. The money and necessity involved with NFL quarterbacks has so come to dominate the thinking and strategy behind the sport that it hampers both experimentation but literally what they have time to do. If you ask an NFL coach what he spends his time on, or why they don't use more run plays, and he will likely tell you that they spend all their time on pass protection and protection schemes, and this cuts down on what else they can do.
The second I think is underrated but important. Lost in the debate about who is more innovative, the NFL or college or high schools, is their institutional capacities. It doesn't surprise me that the most sophisticated zone blocking techniques or pass protection schemes -- or even five or seven-step drop pass patterns -- are usually developed in the NFL. The margins are quite thin there because the personnel is so good and every team has a salary cap. This stuff is their bread and butter, and they will constantly tinker with it.
But what incentive does an NFL team have to just say "screw it, I'm going to do something weird." Very little. Even the moribund Detroit Lions don't really have this need; the Miami Dolphins went from worst-to-playoffs, though with a little help by being different. Different helps but we're not talking about extremes.
In college or high school, however, you have teams that are completely downtrodden, as in winless in years downtrodden. There is no reason in these scenarios not to experiment. Of course, everyone knows that Rich Rodriguez's "zone read" offense was born at Glenville State where he said his entire goal was "just to get a first down." There are a lot of really bad Division I programs, but even more bad or obscure small colleges, and thousands more high schools. Indeed, for all the talk of the "Wildcat" as a "college thing," it really was a high school thing. Gus Malzahn ran some similar stuff while a high school coach, and insofar as Houston Nutt and others had their input the shotgun jet-sweep offense which the Wildcat is but one strand of is something that has exploded at high school level but hasn't really made its way to major college football. NFL coaches would do well to keep their eye on the lower levels to see what broad, new, general ideas spring forth. (A final X factor is the issue of practice time: Major D-1 colleges have just about the least practice time at any level, and high schools of course have to spend so much time teaching fundamentals that strategy is secondary. As a result there is what I call variation by hedgehog, meaning that you get variety by having a bunch of teams focus on one or two things they do really well, compared with the NFL where teams try to do a bit of everything.)
Finally, this third issue cannot be discounted. Bruce Arians, now offensive coordinator for the Pittsburgh Steelers and former quarterback coach for the Indianapolis Colts, once did a bit on defeating the zone-blitz. His basic thought was about protecting the passer: the importance of planning for the zone-blitz and protecting the quarterback at all costs. Then, at the end he wrote: "P.S. If your quarterback doesn't make $48 million then don't forget the lead option."
Coming from an NFL guy, that's damn near heresy. Of course the quarterback he was referring to was Peyton Manning (though I haven't seen Roethlisberger run any option either), but here's the thought, expanded out. Yes, quarterbacks are incredibly important, and must be protected. You have to spend a lot of time focusing on this protection, getting it right, and calibrating your matchups on top of it all when you have freaks of nature as pass rushers. (I wrote a lengthy article about pass protection here.) That's fine, do what you have to do to protect those guys.
But what Arians hinted at is something a lot of coaches believe: instead of focusing all your energy on trying to scheme your way out of all that crazy, myriad blitzing from everywhere that causes you to drop everything week to week and focus solely on that to the detriment of the run game, then why not focus on what might deter that kind of blitzing in the first place? Like option, or certain spread sets, or other things that college teams do a pretty solid job of right now. Sometimes, rather than bang your head against the wall, there's a better way.
Now this gets into the question about letting some team hit your quarterback, and involves other questions beyond the scope of this article. No one thinks running the option with Manning or Brady is a good idea, and their passing skills are so good that it probably wouldn't be worth it anyway. But is great passing ability exclusive of great running ability? And if it is not, then does running the option significantly increase the risk of injury? How much worse can it be than David Carr being sacked countless times in a season, mostly by being hit from the blindside mid-throwing motion? I'd probably rather be hit while running the ball than like that.
The wildcat and beyond
This is where the wildcat stuff becomes intriguing. The theme for this offseason seems to be that every team is studying the wildcat or looking to install it. There's strategic reasons for this and there's practical ones.
The strategic reason is that the arithmetic doesn't lie: When you run the ball and your quarterback stands there just watching the play, his defensive counterpart can assault the runner. And even if his counterpart holds back, the runner's counterpart remains unblocked; you win games by getting the defense to commit two players to one of yours and thus gain an advantage. The wildcat -- as with the triple option or shotgun spread offense where the quarterback is a run threat -- does this. That's why I predicted back in September 2008 that the wildcat would not be "gone within a week" as several commentators so confidently explained. Indeed, it appears to be gaining momentum.
The second reason is practical. The colleges the NFL drafts from are producing these kinds of multi-skilled players, and NFL teams ought to be able to employ some of them in these schemes without having to risk their $48 million quarterbacks as the bait. E.g., Pat White. That's why this concept has potential for growth, and NFL coaches seem to embrace it now. (How bizarre though that they seem to be embracing this one rather specific branch off what is a much wider and older tree of single-wing/spread/option football. Maybe its apparent newness allows them plausible deniability about having ignored what has been put to good use for decades.)
I will have a future post delineating how I think the wildcat will be used and expanded upon this fall. Unfortunately, I don't see the storyline being quite so rosy as the NFL finally breaking down and going all out with Eric Crouch types at quarterback. I can safely predict that some of the teams that are discussing their wildcat will be completely inept with it: they will do things like going five-wide with their quarterback split out, their runningback or wideout alone in the backfield, call for no motion or faking, and then expect him to plunge into the line for some kind of great effect. That team, its coaches and its fans, will declare the Wildcat a bust. Some other team, maybe the Dolphins again, will expand the package and see success with it. But then what? The worst case -- though possibly the most likely -- will be this:
The offense will fade from prominence, and will be relegated to NFL Films productions about the "WACKY WILDCAT" days of yore, where they will show somebody running free downfield while they speed up the footage and play Benny Hill music. Then they will show a clip of someone stuffing a particular play, and the voice-over will announce that the Wildcat, like all other gimmicks, was figured out and defeated. The NFL types will nevertheless congratulate themselves for having discovered it in the first place. Someone will be called on air to talk about how it was a travesty of the game, in some bizarre platonic ideal sense.
But there is a slight counter narrative. One is that the wildcat, as some kind of hype-machine and maybe even explicit look will die down, but the concepts will infiltrate the NFL and it will finally, and slowly, co-opt ideas that have been successful in every level of football elsewhere. Some will still deride the flashes as gimmicky, but seeing as that most didn't understand it to begin with, most probably won't even notice. Take a look at the clip below: the Ravens, using Ohio State quarterback Troy Smith ran the zone-read, and the highlight guys began a small war on what to call it. (Smith also takes a rather bizarre inside angle with his run.)
Time will tell where all this goes. For now, however, I expect the NFL Offense to remain as indicated, with just a flew flashes of the wildcat and other similar elements. But maybe with more, and cheaper, players who can execute these schemes the NFL will be forced to adapt them to its own ends. And maybe that will even help protect its quarterbacks.
APPENDIX - The NFL Offense
Formations may differ, as will motions and a few little quirks, but basically this is what every single NFL team does. They might have a wrinkle or two per week; they might adjust the formations so they get their Pro-Bowl receiver running the route they want; they might run each play from everything from a three tight-end set to a spread formation; but it is all there. It is a partial sketch below. There are some I have diagrams, and with others I have links to old articles either instead of or to supplement the diagrams.
(1) Run game
- Inside Zone, a.k.a. "tight zone"
- Outside zone, a.k.a. "wide zone" or "stretch" (either regular blocking (shown below, diagram courtesy of Trojan Football Analysis) or "pin and pull")
- Counter
- Power
- Lead draw (draw play with a lead back)
(2) Quick passes
- Hitch
- Fade/stop, fade with an out, and double slants
- Stick (more to come on this concept)
- Spacing
(3) Dropback passes (including play-action)
- Curl routes
- Smash
- Post/Dig, a.k.a. "NCAA Pass"
- Flood/sail
- Four verticals (trips and regular), also lots of deep comebacks off the four verticals to the outside guys (either by call or read)
- Levels
- Three-verticals (either with corner routes or go routes)
- "Mills," a.k.a. Cover 4 beater
- Shallow series (for more on the drag and drive series, see here, and for a comprehensive look at the shallow stuff Mike Martz ran with the Rams, see here)
- Seam and square-in/other downfield passes like double-post
(4) Movement passes
- Bootleg. Everybody runs the same bootleg passes, one with the fullback faking the counter and running to the opposite flat, and the other the basic one with one guy to the flat after a count as a blocker and another dragging behind him.
(5) Screens
- Slow screen to RB and TE. Also will use double-screens or read-screens with the slow screen combined with either a sail or drag type route


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Home Help: Home care for the holidays
Tip of the Week
Whether it's guests arriving for a holiday party, visiting relatives or holiday revelers, your home can feel like a revolving door during the holiday season. Unfortunately, all of this added traffic can also bring unwanted dirt and germs that can outweigh holiday cheer. Keep your home looking clean, germ-free and ready to welcome guests throughout the holiday season by establishing a cold-weather cleaning routine.
If you regularly take care of the tasks on the list, your home will be ready for guests who arrive on schedule or on a whim. And by giving your guests a clean environment to enjoy, you'll also be giving them the gift of health. To start a routine in your household, follow these tips:
Keep the air cleaner — and healthier. Because cold temperatures ensure that windows stay closed through the holiday season, air quality can quickly deteriorate. That problem can be exacerbated when you consider it's also cold and flu season. To help keep your air cleaner — and your family and guests healthier — make sure that your vacuum is helping air quality, not hurting it. Many standard vacuums release lung-damaging particles back into the air, which defeats cleaning efforts. For those guests or family members who are susceptible to allergies, the need for a vacuum cleaner that truly cleans the air is more important than ever.
Minimize clutter. Everyone gets a little bit busier at this time of year, and putting things away and keeping living spaces tidy can fall by the wayside. From the morning routine to the evening return home, encourage family members to put things in their proper places. Piles or stacks of clutter can collect dust and cobwebs and make your cleaning tasks take longer, so it's best to avoid them in the first place.
Establish a freshening routine. As you go through your day, take opportunities to do a bit of dusting and freshening up, even if it's one room at a time. Strip guest beds on a regular basis - even if they're not always being used - and launder the sheets and blankets to ensure they smell and feel fresh when guests arrive. Utilize the attachments on your vacuum to easily clean window treatments like blinds and curtains to ensure they're not hiding dust or cobwebs.
Don't forget pets and their belongings. While it's obvious to vacuum floors, carpets and furniture, you should also remember to keep your pet's bed and toys clean. Many manufacturers, like Miele, now offer specialized vacuums which eliminate pet hair and dander, as well as any lingering odors through special charcoal filters. For a thorough cleaning, be sure to launder your pet's beds and plush toys in the washing machine.
A clean home is a welcoming home, and your holiday season guests will appreciate the effort you make. By making cleaning routine, you'll be able to enjoy the benefits of a fresh house all winter long, as well.
-- Brandpoint
Decorating Tip: Freshen decor with fabrics
Fabrics are a great way to add color and texture to a room. Browsing the remnant tables at a fabric store can lead you to some beautiful bargains. You can use remnants to recover pillows, add banding to drapes, or make runners for the table or buffet. Try adding a luxurious throw to the sofa or a small wool rug on top of existing carpet for a cozy, layered look.
You can also consider investing in having a quality piece of furniture reupholstered. Look for a fabric that is not only beautiful, but durable as well, so you get more bang for your buck.
-- Family Features/Sensuede
Home-Selling Tip: Pre-organize your closets
Just as stainless appliances convince buyers that they are better cooks, closet organizers make buyers believe that they are better homemakers. "They make you feel secure and calm and people need that," notes designer Sue Adams. While you don't need to use high-end organizers, make sure that the materials are up-to-date. "Twenty years ago, closet organizers meant wire shelves. You can't slide anything over a wire shelf. You can't even put a hanger in some of them. Today's ideal would be "melamine shelves, in bone or white, with some drawers and metal rods to maximize storage," Adams says.
-- frontdoor.com
How-to: Make a homemade spray-cleaner
"Mildly acidic white vinegar dissolves dirt, soap scum and hard-water deposits from smooth surfaces, yet it is gentle enough to use on hardwood flooring," according to cleaning expert Cynthia Townley Ewer, author of Houseworks. "White vinegar is a natural deodorizer — it absorbs odors instead of covering them up. And, no, your bathroom won't smell like a salad. The acidic aroma disappears when dry."
Mix in a spray bottle:
1 cup white vinegar
1 cup water
Use this solution on:
Grout: White vinegar has no coloring agents, so it won't stain grout on tiled surfaces.
Laundry: Vinegar cuts detergent residue so it also makes a great fabric softener.
Kitchen surfaces: Use a vinegar-and-water spray solution on countertops and backsplashes. It will remove fingerprints and streaks from stainless steel appliances.
Odor eliminator: Place a small dish of vinegar beside the stove when cooking fish to absorb the odors.
Bathroom: Use a vinegar solution on countertops, floors and outside of the toilet. For tough surfaces, like shower walls, boost the cleaning power by heating the vinegar solution in the microwave until barely hot. Spray the warmed solution generously; allow to stand for 10 to15 minutes, then scrub and rinse.
-- DIYnetwork.com
Did You Know ...
According to the American Lung Association, poor indoor air quality can cause headaches, dry eyes, nasal congestion, nausea and fatigue.
New Products: Nest Learning Thermostat — 2nd Generation T200577 ($250)
A programmable thermostat reduces your home energy bill by adjusting temperatures to your needs. Only 11% of owners set them correctly, but Nest circumvents that problem: It programs itself. You adjust the dial, as you would on a nonprogrammable unit, and Nest learns these settings (it had our habits down pat in three days). Using sensors, it even figures out when you're home — and not — and adjusts the heat and AC accordingly. You can modify temps and timing remotely from your smartphone, tablet, or Web browser. Plus, it retrieves weather reports via Wi-Fi to check whether the settings are energy-efficient.
-- Good Housekeeping
Backyard Buddies: Brighten your winter landscape
In lieu of summer's blazing color, many gardeners brace themselves for a winter of gray and brown, if not flat-out white. No matter if your winter is just a little chilly or bone-freezing cold, try these tips to brighten your landscape:


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'Motown the Musical' to take a break from Broadway
NEW YORK (AP) — "Motown the Musical" is taking a break from Broadway.
Producers said Friday the $18 million show will play its final performance at the Lunt Fontanne Theatre on Jan. 18 and intends to reopen in July 2016 at a still-to-be-announced Nederlander-owned theater.
The show, a hit in New York City, has spawned a national tour and a production is planned for Britain next summer. Producer Kevin McCollum explained that by closing in January "we have an opportunity to use the production assets from Broadway for the U.K. production next year."
The show about Berry Gordy tells the story of how his Motown Records empire rose and fell and then rose again. It uses dozens of songs, including "War," ''What's Going On?" ''My Girl" and "Dancing in the Streets."
Online: http://www.MotownTheMusical.com


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Patz on the Back
IN THE UPPER REACHES OF Boulder Canyon, in an area called Upper Dream Canyon, is an awesome crack with a convoluted history.
IN THE UPPER REACHES OF Boulder Canyon, in an area called Upper Dream Canyon, is an awesome crack with a convoluted history. The story behind this beautiful feature is, in many ways, an allegory of modern rock climbing, beginning with its first ascent, 26 years ago, to when the crack was bolted, to this summer when Mike Patz climbed China Doll and its new extension in one long mega-pitch, entirely on traditional gear. The result is a 130-foot 5.14a with small pro and potentially dangerous runouts.
Located on the Lost Angel wall, possibly the region's biggest and best chunk of granite, China Doll is already being hailed as Colorado's most difficult trad pitch.
Kyle Copeland and Marc Hirt established China Doll in 1981, climbing the route to the top in five pitches at 5.9 A3+. Later, the first 25 feet were freed at 5.11, but left the wall's most prominent feature, an increasingly steep, right-arching thin crack, open for a first free ascent.
In the late 1980s, Bob Horan worked this section on trad gear, and thought that it might be 5.13c/d. The gear was cruxy, so Horan added bolts to the route and sent the second pitch in 1996.
"In the past," said Horan, "I have sent some beautiful lines with marginal gear, and they went unrepeated because of this. I felt, 'What a waste. A beautiful line that only a few people will ever want to get up the nerve to send.' After putting all that time into it, I figured why not make it so you can do it safely?"
With the new bolts, Horan thought China Doll might only be 5.13b, though it is now called 5.13c since a foothold fell off. Adam Stack eschewed the bolts for the route's first traditional ascent. Despite his stylistic improvement, the bolts stayed in and China Doll remained a popular project for burly sport climbers.
As a clip up, China Doll ended at the anchors Horan had placed to work the moves out on toprope. As a trad climb, however, it ended arbitrarily, and there was an even harder-looking extension to the crack, one that had been spared the addition of bolts. Chris Weidner added an anchor at a good stance at the end of the splitter climbing, allowing FFA aspirants to try to free China Doll's second pitch. Weidner, Mike Patz, Luna Keely and others tried, though honors again went to Adam Stack, who thought this extension by itself might be 5.13c/d.
Patz, for one, thought the crack should be climbed in modern trad style: as one long pitch, with gear placed on lead. "At the time, I could not fathom myself doing it," he said. "I thought Adam, a 5.14+ climber, would go ahead and do it. But Adam didn't take it on."
Mike Patz, 23 years old, is quiet and intensely driven. He grew up in Grand Junction, Colorado, one of the most underrated climbing towns in the country, with easy access to desert cracks, the Black Canyon and Rifle. Patz became an accomplished trad and sport climber, with ascents like Zulu (5.14a) at Rifle under his belt.
Patz sent the bolted section of China Doll, clipping the steel, in 2004. He began working on linking the upper headwall this spring with Brian Kimball, also a Colorado native and a good sport climber gone trad.
Kimball became the first to link the complete China Doll in one long pitch on toprope, and thought it was solid at 5.14a. Though Kimball appeared closer to the FFA, it was Patz who freed the full version first on June 5.
Bill Ramsey belayed the ascent. "When I had belayed Mike on an earlier attempt, he protected the crux sequence with two nuts. On the send, he put in only one, and then went for it. At one point, he was looking at about a 40- or 50-foot fall onto a ramp. I was very happy not to find out what would've happened."
Patz says he wouldn't mind if someone removed Horan's bolts, but because they were placed off to the side, he was never distracted by their presence. "I originally [used the bolts] and it was a nice route. But there are so many bolted climbs of all grades, while China Doll is a rare gem. A beautiful, sustained and protectable hard trad climb."
He would mind, however, if someone decided to continue the bolt line up his extension.
"That would be horrible! Trad climbing is still rock climbing, and rock climbing is supposed to be hard! Trad climbing at your redpoint limit is a really rewarding form of climbing. I don't know whether it was wrong to bolt China Doll 11 years ago, but given today's standards, it is clearly wrong to bolt a splitter crack that takes bomber gear."
Patz is slated to attend medical school at Harvard University this fall.