text:
The roasted cauliflower and aged white cheddar soup has been on my mind a lot lately and when it came time to think about side dishes for my Thanksgiving dinner one of the first ideas that came to mind was to convert the soup into a side dish. It seemed only natural that the side dish would take the form of a gratin and a roasted cauliflower and aged white cheddar gratin was sounding really good! Although steamed cauliflower would work in a gratin, I wanted the extra flavour that roasting adds even if it meant more oven time! I kept the gratin really simple with a base of an easy bechamel sauce that the aged white cheddar is melted into before being poured over the roasted cauliflower. Once the cauliflower has been roasted the aged white cheddar bechamel sauce has been made, all that need to be done it to mix them, top them with panko bread crumbs and then bake them until golden brown.
Tip: Make sure to brown the butter and then cook the flour in the butter until it starts to brown to get more flavour in the bechamel sauce and ensure that there is no flour-y taste.
Bacon: Smoky bacon or even pancetta would be a great addition and for the daring, replacing the butter in the bechamel sauce with bacon grease would add even more smoky, bacon-y goodness!
Mushrooms: Sautéed mushrooms or dried porcini mushrooms would also be amazing in this gratin!
Bacon and Mushroom: Combine all three to make something even more decadently delicious!
Roasted Cauliflower and Aged White Cheddar Gratin
Tender roasted cauliflower in an aged white cheddar sauce that's baked until golden brown and bubbling with a crispy panko breadcrumb topping.
- 1 large head cauliflower, cut into florets
- 2 tablespoons oil
- salt and pepper to taste
- 3 tablespoons butter
- 3 tablespoons flour (rice flour for gluten-free)
- 1 1/2 cups milk
- 1/4 teaspoon nutmeg (optional)
- salt and pepper to taste
- 1 cup aged white cheddar cheese, shredded
- 1/2 cup panko bread crumbs (gluten-free for gluten-free)
- Toss the cauliflower florets in the oil along with the salt and pepper and arrange them in a single layer on a large baking sheet.
- Roast the cauliflower in a preheated 400F/200C oven until lightly golden brown, about 20-30 minutes, flipping half way through.
- Melt the butter in a saucepan over medium heat, mix in the flour and let cook until it just starts to brown a little.
- Mix in the milk, nutmeg, salt and pepper and cheese and heat until the cheese melts and the sauce thickens.
- Mix cauliflower into the sauce, pour into a baking dish and top with the bread crumbs.
- Bake in a preheated 350F/180C oven until it's bubbling on the sides and golden brown on top, about 15-20 minutes.
Roasted Cauliflower and Aged White Cheddar Soup
Brussels Sprouts with Smoked Bacon in a Mustard Cream Topped with a Parmesan Crust
Pancetta and Porcini Potato Gratin
Onion Gratin
Mushroom and Kale Lasagna Roll Ups in Creamy Gorgonzola Cauliflower Sauce
Creamy Mushroom and Roasted Cauliflower Soup
Roasted Cauliflower and Mushroom Carbonara
Roast Head of Cauliflower in Creamy Mushroom Sauce
Asiago Roasted Mushroom Mashed Cauliflower
Butternut Squash and Feta Gratin
Creamy Asiago Bacon Wrapped Roasted Onions
Creamed Broccoli


text: Hi [FIRST_NAME], There's a new way to bring nearly any type of old battery back to life ...so it's just like new again. This method works with nearly every type of battery out there ...and it's simple and quick. In case you're wondering, you'll be able to bring car, phone, and laptop batteries back to life with this. It even works with solar/off-grid, marine, golf cart, and forklift batteries. Plus, many more! With this recondition battery secret, you won't have to buy new expensive batteries anymore. You can just recondition your old, used batteries and save a lot of money! And this new video presentation shows you how Best regards, ZORAN

subset: commoncrawl


text:
NEW YORK (AP) – Bob Barker's 90th birthday present is urging one more contestant to "come on down" from the audience on "The Price Is Right."
The veteran game-show host, at the helm of "The Price Is Right" from 1972 to 2007, was invited back by current host Drew Carey on Thursday to celebrate the milestone birthday.
He moved a little more slowly, and his microphone was a little thicker, but Barker fell right back into the groove. The audience gave him a standing ovation, and he joined with Carey in encouraging viewers to spay or neuter their pets – Barker's longtime cause.
To the reception, Barker said, "You folks appreciate the fact that it has taken me a long time to become 90."


text:
What to Watch: 'The TLC Story' showcases '90s female group
Staff Writer
Screen time
"CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story" stars Drew Sidora, Lil' Mama and KeKe Palmer as the hot female hip-hop group from the '90s. The biopic chronicles their rise to fame and the misfortunes that followed. … 9 p.m. EDT tonight, VH1.
Best of the day
Check out this list of the NFL's most disliked players. Michael Vick tops the list. Do you agree or disagree with Forbes' picks?
Hot video: Dad lip-syncs to daughter's temper tantrum
In this viral video, a father who is apparently fed up with his young daughter's tantrum begins lip-syncing the ordeal.
More Content Now


text:
"Main block of New Quarantine Hospital Newchwang, opened 1920"
Centre for Research in the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (CRASSH, The University of Cambridge)
Publication Date2018-09-27
Wellcome Collection
MetadataShow full item record
Unknown author "Main block of New Quarantine Hospital Newchwang, opened 1920" [digital image]. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/281958
The third pandemic of plague (in its bubonic and pneumonic clinical forms) struck the globe between 1894 and 1959. As Yersinia pestis spread from country to country and from continent to continent, it left behind it not only a trail of death and devastation, but also a vast visual archive. It was the first time that plague would reach and establish itself in all inhabited continents. But it was also the first time that any epidemic would be photographed. As plague spread from harbour to harbour, and amongst cities, towns and villages, so did photographs of the pandemic through reproductions in the daily and illustrated press. Rather than forming a homogeneous or linear visual narrative, these photographic documents provided diverse perspectives on the pandemic, which, more often than not, were not simply different from region to region, but in fact conflicting within any single locus of infection. Moreover this photographic production came to establish a new field of vision, what we may call "epidemic photography" which continues to inform the way in which we see, depict and imagine epidemics and their social, economic, and political impact in the age of Global Health.
Plague struck the historical region of Manchuria (today China's Northeast provinces) in October 1910, probably through the infection of one or more humans from a plague-carrying Siberian marmot (Marmota sibirica) also known as the tarbagan (or tarabagan). Plague took a pneumonic clinical form and became contagious in an airborne manner, spreading along the railway systems of the region, which was at the time controlled by the Chinese, Japanese and Russian empires. Dispute and conflict between different scientific and imperial agents regarding the origin and transmission pathway of the outbreak, as well as the optimal way to contain it, ensued. The epidemic ceased by April 1911 after having caused approximately 60,000 deaths. In April 1911 the First International Plague Conference convened in Mukden (Shenyang) to debate the epidemiological and public health aspects of the outbreak. During the conference and in subsequent research the connection between marmots and plague, originally suggested by Russian scientists in 1895, was further explored. The outbreak led, after the formation of the Republic of China (1912), to the constitution of the North Manchurian Plague Prevention Service led by Dr Wu Liande; the Service would continue to study plague until its dissolution (1931). Plague would strike Manchuria again in 1920-21 (again in pneumonic clinical form), with lesser outbreaks, such as the one in Tungliao (Tongliao) in 1928, where the disease took a bubonic form, also being of epidemiological importance. Whether the 1910-11 and 1920-21 outbreaks of plague in Manchuria were biologically speaking part of the third plague pandemic is debatable, as their origin appears to be unconnected to the source of the pandemic in the SW Chinese province of Yunnan. Historically, however, they were perceived at the time as part of the pandemic.
Plague, Quarantine, Hospital, China, Manchuria, Yingkou
Spatial Coverage
China, Manchuria, Yingkou
Temporal Coverage
Host Item: Wu Liande (Ed.), North Manchurian Plague Prevention Service reports 1918-1922 (Tientsin: Tientsin Press, 1922)
The database "Photographs of the Third Plague Pandemic" was funded by an European Research Council Starting Grant (under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme/ERC grant agreement no 336564) for the project Visual Representations of the Third Plague Pandemic, led by Dr Christos Lynteris (PI); The Centre for Research in the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (CRASSH) of the University of Cambridge (2013-2018). The project would like to thank its postdoctoral researchers, Drs Lukas Engelmann, Nicholas H. A. Evans, Maurits Meerwijk, Branwyn Poleykett and Abhjit Sarkar, and its administrators Mss Teresa Abaurrea, Emma Hacking and Samantha Peel for their contribution to this database.
This record's DOI: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.29321
All Rights Reserved
Licence URL: https://www.rioxx.net/licenses/all-rights-reserved/
Recommended or similar items
The current recommendation prototype on the Apollo Repository will be turned off on 03 February 2023. Although the pilot has been fruitful for both parties, the service provider IKVA is focusing on horizon scanning products and so the recommender service can no longer be supported. We recognise the importance of recommender services in supporting research discovery and are evaluating offerings from other service providers. If you would like to offer feedback on this decision please contact us on: email@example.com


text:
John Lennon's killer says he's sorry for being an 'idiot'
BUFFALO, N.Y. – John Lennon's imprisoned killer says he still gets letters about the pain he caused in his pursuit of notoriety nearly 34 years ago.
"I am sorry for causing that type of pain," Mark David Chapman told a parole board last week, according to a transcript released Wednesday. "I am sorry for being such an idiot and choosing the wrong way for glory."
It was Chapman's eighth appearance before a parole board. In again denying his release, the three-member panel said it would "so deprecate the serious nature of the crime as to undermine respect for the law."
Chapman fired five shots on Dec. 8, 1980, outside the Dakota apartment house where Lennon lived on Manhattan's Upper West Side, striking the ex-Beatle four times. After pleading guilty to second-degree murder, Chapman was sentenced in 1981 to 20 years to life in prison.
Last week, he told the parole board members that he would understand if they denied him release based solely on the number of people he hurt.
"Many, many people loved him. He was a great and talented man and they are still hurting," Chapman, 59, said. "I get letters so that's a major factor. It's not a regular crime."
Chapman, who is at the Wende Correctional Facility, east of Buffalo, can try again for release in two years.


text:
Google Chairman Eric Schmidt told the press on Tuesday that his company hasn't "done anything yet" to submit its own competing mapping app for iOS. But sources inside the company told the New York Times that a Google Maps app is indeed in the works, and is slated to be ready by the end of the year.
Most Ars readers know that Apple rebuilt its Maps for iOS 6 from the ground up, replacing the mapping and routing information it licensed from Google with its own database culled from multiple sources. While the new Maps app looks nice, and finally includes turn-by-turn navigation, the accuracy of the map data itself has proven less than stellar. And Apple's solution doesn't address navigating by public transit, a common use case for urban users.
Frustrated users who wanted the old Google Maps experience expected Google to simply make its own app like it did for YouTube (when Apple removed its largely neglected, in-house-developed YouTube app from iOS 6, Google stepped up to replace it). However, Google has so far simply pointed iOS users to the Web-based Google Maps, and Schmidt seemed to downplay the idea that the company was building any native app at all.
But that's reportedly not the case, according to unnamed sources "involved with the effort" to make a Google Maps app for iOS. The company is said to be making such an app for iPhone and iPad, these sources told NYT, and it should be ready in the coming months.
The effort was delayed in part because Apple and Google had a contract to license Google Maps data for iOS that didn't expire for at least another year. According to The Verge, Google was as surprised as the rest of us when Apple announced in June that iOS Maps would use its own mapping data, including 3D "flyover" views powered by its acquisition of C3 Technologies. While the writing on the wall suggested Apple would eventually begin using its own mapping data at some point, Apple's decision to ditch Google's data earlier than expected "sent Google scrambling" to develop its own app. Not surprisingly, three months just wasn't enough time to get the app ready for iOS 6's launch.


text:
And Absalom, and all the people the men of Israel, came to Jerusalem, and Ahithophel with him.
Get instant notifications as they happen.
You can change your preference anytime from browser settings.
Note: if your browser block the pop-up then you need to allow it.
----------Site Map----------
----------Post Something----------
----------Conditions Of Use----------
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
----------Help & Settings----------
----------Why Upgrade?----------
Why create a Marketplace Store?
$5 One time blog or news submission
Trademark & Copyright © 2023 UniqueThis, Inc.


text:
Figure 1. One-year prevalence of substance use disorders (abuse or dependence) among 72 561 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years by race/ethnicity. Lines extending from bars indicate 95% CIs of the estimates.
Figure 2. One-year conditional prevalence of substance use disorders (abuse or dependence) among 27 705 adolescent substance users aged 12 to 17 years by substance used. Lines extending from bars indicate 95% CIs of the estimates.
Figure 3. Mean number of days of substance use in the past year among 27 705 adolescent past-year users aged 12 to 17 years by substance used. Lines extending from bars indicate 95% CIs of the estimates.
Figure 4. One-year conditional prevalence of substance use disorders (abuse or dependence) among 27 705 adolescent substance users aged 12 to 17 years by race/ethnicity. Lines extending from bars indicate 95% CIs of the estimates.
Customize your JAMA Network experience by selecting one or more topics from the list below.
Wu L, Woody GE, Yang C, Pan J, Blazer DG. Racial/Ethnic Variations in Substance-Related Disorders Among Adolescents in the United States. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68(11):1176–1185. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.120
© 2023
Author Affiliations: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center (Drs Wu and Blazer), and Social Science Research Institute, Duke University (Dr Yang), Durham, North Carolina; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Treatment Research Institute, Philadelphia (Dr Woody); and Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC (Dr Pan).
Author Contributions: Data analyses were performed by Drs Wu and Yang. Dr Wu had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Context While young racial/ethnic groups are the fastest growing population in the United States, data about substance-related disorders among adolescents of various racial/ethnic backgrounds are lacking.
Objective To examine the magnitude of past-year DSM-IV substance-related disorders (alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, hallucinogens, heroin, analgesic opioids, stimulants, sedatives, and tranquilizers) among adolescents of white, Hispanic, African American, Native American, Asian or Pacific Islander, and multiple race/ethnicity.
Design The 2005 to 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
Setting Academic research.
Participants Noninstitutionalized household adolescents aged 12 to 17 years.
Main Outcome Measures Substance-related disorders were assessed by standardized survey questions administered using the audio computer–assisted self-interviewing method.
Results Of 72 561 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, 37.0% used alcohol or drugs in the past year; 7.9% met criteria for a substance-related disorder, with Native Americans having the highest prevalence of use (47.5%) and disorder (15.0%). Analgesic opioids were the second most commonly used illegal drugs, following marijuana, in all racial/ethnic groups; analgesic opioid use was comparatively prevalent among adolescents of Native American (9.7%) and multiple race/ethnicity (8.8%). Among 27 705 past-year alcohol or drug users, Native Americans (31.5%), adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity (25.2%), adolescents of white race/ethnicity (22.9%), and Hispanics (21.0%) had the highest rates of substance-related disorders. Adolescents used marijuana more frequently than alcohol or other drugs, and 25.9% of marijuana users met criteria for marijuana abuse or dependence. After controlling for adolescents' age, socioeconomic variables, population density of residence, self-rated health, and survey year, adjusted analyses of adolescent substance users indicated elevated odds of substance-related disorders among Native Americans, adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity, adolescents of white race/ethnicity, and Hispanics compared with African Americans; African Americans did not differ from Asians or Pacific Islanders.
Conclusions Substance use is widespread among adolescents of Native American, white, Hispanic, and multiple race/ethnicity. These groups also are disproportionately affected by substance-related disorders.
Problematic alcohol and drug use in adolescence has a negative influence on the affected individuals, their families, and society.1 Because psychoactive drugs alter neurotransmission in the brain, repeated use could have long-lasting adverse effects on brain development and overall health.2-4 Early substance use confers a heightened risk for addiction, psychiatric and medical disorders, poor psychosocial functioning, treatment needs, and mortality.1-9 Adolescence marks the period of life with the highest risk for initiating substance use10; thus, adolescents constitute a high-risk group requiring research to guide prevention efforts and health policy making. Furthermore, there is a growing need for understanding substance-related disorders among adolescents of various racial/ethnic backgrounds to track health statistics, plan for and improve health services, and identify vulnerable subgroups for focused intervention. Children and adolescents of nonwhite race/ethnicity are the fastest growing population; by 2030, adolescents of nonwhite race/ethnicity are projected to represent more than half of the US population younger than 18 years.11 Therefore, many adolescents at risk to begin substance use will be of nonwhite race/ethnicity. For example, young Hispanics, the fastest growing racial/ethnic group in the United States, have an elevated risk for substance use.11-14
While eliminating racial/ethnic disparities in health problems and their treatment is a mission of the National Institutes of Health, few data about substance-related disorders exist for young groups of nonwhite race/ethnicity. Investigations of adolescents have focused primarily on substance use among students, and assessments for substance-related disorders are not included in school-based surveys; when researchers have examined substance-related disorders, data are frequently limited to alcohol, marijuana, or cocaine, resulting in a lack of data on other drug use disorders.15-19 In addition, sample sizes of studies are often inadequate for examining young Asians, Native Americans, and groups of multiple race/ethnicity. The 2000 Census was the first US Census to include the classification of multiple race/ethnicity,12 and data about substance-related disorders for this group are lacking. Results about"substance use" also are limited for discerning important differences in substance use problems across racial/ethnic groups. An improved measure of substance use problems, such as that provided by the DSM-IV,20 is needed to better inform research, intervention, and health policy making.
Furthermore, although investigators have reported racial/ethnic differences in substance use, findings of racial/ethnic differences in problems related to various substances are inconsistent and sometimes difficult to interpret.15 These discrepancies relate to various definitions of substance use and at-risk groups (the denominators) used.15 Some investigations have examined substance use problems in a total sample, while others have compared them among subgroups of substance users. These variations in study designs complicate efforts to compare substance use problems among racial/ethnic groups and across substance classes. Moreover, US surveys have shown a shifting pattern of substance use. Data suggest that from 1999-2000, nonmedical analgesic opioid use has increased to become more prevalent than inhalant use among adolescents; from 2002 to 2009, past-month use ranged from 2.3% to 3.2% for nonmedical analgesic opioids compared with 1.0% to 1.3% for inhalants.10,21-23 In addition, marijuana use has been increasing after a few years of decline; alcohol use and cigarette smoking among adolescents have declined.10,24,25 These changing patterns warrant research to identify racial/ethnic groups disproportionately affected by prescription drug or marijuana use and reveal a need to evaluate the comprehensive patterns of substance-related disorders affecting various groups.10,25
In response to the growing population of adolescents of nonwhite race/ethnicity, the scarcity of substance-related disorder estimates, and shifting patterns of substance use, we examine data from the 2005 to 2008 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to fill this critical gap in substance-related disorder estimates for young racial/ethnic groups. The NSDUH is a large ongoing survey, serving as the primary source for national estimates of substance use and substance-related disorders for the noninstitutionalized US population.10 The selected years included designs that allowed the use of pooled data to examine alcohol and 9 drug use disorders across racial/ethnic groups and to compare the conditional probability of substance-related disorders among adolescent substance users. Multiple years of substance-related disorder data assessed by the same instrument help identify the extent of overlooked substance-related disorders (prescription drug use disorders) for understudied groups (ie, Asian, Native American, and multiple race/ethnicity). To address the limitation of studies with complicated comparisons of racial/ethnic differences owing to various denominators or definitions of substance use, we focus on past-year substance use and substance-related disorders, as they are better indicators of recent or active substance use and treatment needs than lifetime measures.
To better inform etiological efforts, we expand on studies of substance use by examining the frequency of each substance used and conditional probabilities of substance-related disorders to characterize use patterns and identify subsets of adolescent users showing elevated odds of having the disorder. The conditional prevalence of substance-related disorders considers substance-specific variations in use by restricting the denominator for each substance-related disorder to adolescent users of the corresponding substance, thereby allowing comparisons across substances. To mitigate for the confounding effects on associations between race/ethnicity and substance use status, included as control variables were adolescents' age, sex, family income, population density of residence (adjusting for potential effects associated with community economic characteristics, drug-using peers, and availability of substances), and self-rated health (adjusting for potential effects associated with adolescents' substance use and health status), as well as the survey year.10,14,26-30
The following 3 main questions are addressed: (1) Are there racial/ethnic differences in the 1-year prevalence of substance-related disorders? (2) Are there racial/ethnic differences in the 1-year conditional prevalence of substance-related disorders among past-year adolescent users of each corresponding substance class? (3) To what extent is racial/ethnic status associated with each substance-related disorder among adolescent substance users after controlling for potentially confounding effects of adolescents' age, sex, family income, population density of residence, self-rated health, and survey year?
This study was approved by the Duke University Institutional Review Board, Durham, North Carolina. Data were from the public use NSDUH data file from 2005 to 2008, the only survey designed to provide ongoing national estimates of substance use and substance-related disorders in the United States.31,32 The target population includes residents of households from the 50 states (including shelters, rooming houses, and group homes) and civilians residing on military bases. Participants are selected by multistage area probability methods to ensure that each independent cross-sectional sample is representative of persons aged 12 years or older. The design oversampled people aged 12 to 25 years; because of a large sample size, there was no need to oversample racial/ethnic groups (as was done before 1999).31,32 Detailed information on sample designs is provided by Morton et al.33
Prospective respondents are assured that their names will not be recorded and their responses will be kept strictly confidential. All study procedures and protections are carefully explained. For adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, the field interviewer first seeks verbal consent from their parents or guardians. Once parental permission is granted, field interviewers then approach the adolescents and obtain their agreement to participate in the study. Parents are asked to leave the interview setting to ensure the confidentiality of their children's responses.
The interview uses computer-assisted interviewing to increase the likelihood of valid respondent reports of substance use behaviors.31,32 Sociodemographic questions are administered by interviewers using computer-assisted personal interviewing. Other questions of a sensitive nature (substance use, substance-related disorders, and health) are administered using audio computer–assisted self-interviewing, which provides respondents with a highly confidential means of responding to questions to increase honest reporting of sensitive behaviors. Respondents read questions on the computer screen, or questions are read to them through headphones, and they enter responses directly into a computer provided by the interviewer.
From 2005 to 2008, approximately 67 500 unique persons aged 12 years or older were interviewed annually (weighted interviewing response rates for adolescents aged 12-17 years, 85%-87%).31,32 This study examined adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (18 678 in 2005, 18 314 in 2006, 17 727 in 2007, and 17 842 in 2008). Four years of data (n = 72 561) were pooled to allow the detection of differences in substance-related disorders among racial/ethnic groups.
The survey asked each respondent about his or her use of alcohol and 9 drug classes (inhalant use and illicit use of marijuana or hashish, cocaine or crack, hallucinogens, or heroin, as well as nonmedical use of prescription analgesic opioids, stimulants or amphetamines, sedatives, or tranquilizers). Nonmedical use was defined as the use without a prescription or for the experience or feeling the drugs caused; the use of over-the-counter drugs and legitimate use of prescription drugs were excluded.22,31,32 Alcohol and drug classes were assessed by discrete questions in 10 different sections. Each included a detailed description of the substance class and a list of substances belonging to the class. For nonmedical use, respondents were provided with pill cards showing color pictures of tablets for analgesic opioids, stimulants, sedatives, or tranquilizers (the computer screen prompts the respondent to obtain pill cards from the interviewer). To determine the extent of co-use of alcohol and drugs, users of both alcohol and a drug were categorized.
Respondents who reported alcohol or drug use in the past year were asked a set of structured substance-specific questions designed to operationalize DSM-IV criteria for abuse (role interference, hazardous use, problems with the law, and relationship problems) and dependence (tolerance, withdrawal, taking larger amounts or taking them for longer periods, inability to cut down, time spent using the substance, giving up activities, and continued use despite problems) in the past year.20,31,32 Dependence on a given substance class included users who met at least 3 dependence criteria for that class in the past year. Abuse applied to users who met at least 1 abuse criterion but did not meet criteria for dependence on that substance class; abuse and dependence were mutually exclusive.20,31,32 Assessments were adopted from questions used in the National Comorbidity Survey; as part of an ongoing process to improve the survey, diagnostic questions were cognitively tested to determine how well they were understood by respondents, were evaluated by experts to determine how well the questions captured the DSM-IV criteria, and were modified for DSM-IV criteria.34 The substance-related disorder questions were implemented and assessed using the computer-assisted self-interviewing method.
Examined were adolescents' age, sex, family income, population density of residence, self-rated health, and self-reported race/ethnicity (59.9% white, 18.2% Hispanic, 15.3% African American, 4.4% Asian or Pacific Islander, 1.7% multiple race/ethnicity, and 0.6% Native American [American Indian or Alaska Native]).12,26-30,32 Population density was based on 2000 Census data and the June 2003 Core-Based Statistical Area classifications and was categorized as large metropolitan (≥1 million population), small metropolitan (<1 million population), or nonmetropolitan (not in a Core-Based Statistical Area). Owing to the nature of a national sample, population density of residence (a proxy for community location) was included as a control variable. Self-rated health (fair or poor vs excellent, very good, or good) was assessed using a widely supported measure of general health ("Would you say your health, in general, is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?").28-30
The distributions of race/ethnicity by survey year and racial/ethnic differences in sociodemographics were determined byχ2 test. The prevalence rates of substance use and substance-related disorders by race/ethnicity were determined. The conditional prevalence rates of substance-related disorders among adolescent users of each substance class were compared by race/ethnicity. To evaluate conditional rates of substance-related disorders among substance users, the frequency of substance use among past-year users was calculated. Logistic regression analyses estimated associations between race/ethnicity and each substance-related disorder among adolescent users of that substance. Age, sex, family income, population density of residence, self-rated health, and survey year were adjusted in the analyses to mitigate for their confounding effects on associations between race/ethnicity and each substance-related disorder.10,12,26-30 Analyses were conducted using commercially available software (SUDAAN, Release 9.0; Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina), considering the complex designs, such as weighting and clustering, of the NSDUH.35 All results are weighted except for sample sizes (unweighted).
There were no yearly differences in the distribution of racial/ethnic groups among 72 561 adolescents. Compared with other racial/ethnic groups, more adolescents aged 12 to 13 years were among Hispanics and among those of multiple race/ethnicity (eTable 1). More African Americans (63.8%), Hispanics (56.7%), and Native Americans (56.2%) were in the lowest annual income group (<$40 000) compared with other racial/ethnic groups (range, 25.7%-37.7%) (eTable 1). Most Asians or Pacific Islanders (75.9%), African Americans (63.8%), and Hispanics (63.5%) resided in large metropolitan areas, while Native Americans were more likely to reside in nonmetropolitan areas (34.4%). More Native Americans (6.8%), African Americans (4.9%), and Hispanics (4.9%) reported poor or fair health than adolescents of white race/ethnicity (3.1%).
Overall, 37.0% (n = 27 705) of adolescents used alcohol or drugs in the past year (32% any alcohol, 19% any illicit or nonmedical drugs, and 15% alcohol and drugs). Of all drug classes, the use of marijuana (13% of all adolescents) or analgesic opioids (7%) was more prevalent than the use of other drugs (range, 0.1%-4%). Native Americans had the highest prevalence of substance-related use (47.5%); Native Americans (20.5%), adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity (18.1%), and adolescents of white race/ethnicity (16.2%) had a higher prevalence of using both alcohol and drugs than other groups (Table). For all racial/ethnic groups, there was an age-related increase in alcohol or drug use (eTable 2).
Among all adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, 7.9% (n = 6166) met criteria for a substance-related disorder, and 2.0% met criteria for both substance-related disorders in the past year (5.4% any alcohol use disorder and 4.6% any drug use disorder). Marijuana (3.4%) and analgesic opioid (1.2%) use disorders were the most prevalent drug use disorders. The prevalence of various substance-related disorders is summarized in eTable 3. Native Americans had the highest prevalence of substance-related disorder (15.0%), followed by adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity (9.2%), adolescents of white race/ethnicity (9.0%), Hispanics (7.7%), African Americans (5.0%), and Asians or Pacific Islanders (3.5%) (Figure 1).
Conditional rates of substance-related disorders (the prevalence of substance-related disorders among users of the corresponding substance), suggesting the substance-specific liability for having a substance-related disorder among users, showed that 21.5% of past-year alcohol or drug users met criteria for a substance-related disorder (Figure 2). Marijuana (25.9% of marijuana users), heroin (26.4%), cocaine (23.4%), and sedative (22.8%) use demonstrated similarly high conditional rates. Among alcohol users, 16.7% had an alcohol use disorder.
Substance-specific frequency of use helps in interpreting conditional rates (Figure 3). Marijuana users on average spent the highest mean number of days per year using the drug (79 days), followed by stimulant users (47 days), analgesic opioid users (39 days), alcohol users (36 days), sedative users (35 days), heroin users (33 days), tranquilizer users (33 days), cocaine users (31 days), inhalant users (29 days), and hallucinogen users (20 days). Substance-specific frequency of use by race/ethnicity is summarized in eTable 4.
There were notable racial/ethnic differences in the conditional prevalence of various substance-related disorders (eTable 5). Among alcohol or drug users (n = 27 705), Native Americans (31.5%) and adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity (25.2%) exhibited comparatively high conditional rates of any substance-related disorder (Figure 4). Native American users had a higher conditional rate of any substance-related disorder than adolescents of white race/ethnicity (22.9%), Hispanics (21.0%), African Americans (15.5%), and Asians or Pacific Islanders (14.9%). Adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity (19.4%), Hispanics (16.2%), and adolescents of white race/ethnicity (14.3%) had higher conditional rates of comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders than African Americans (8.3%).
In response to recent findings showing that nonwhite adults are more likely than those of white race/ethnicity to have dependence than abuse,36 conditional rates of abuse were distinguished from conditional rates of dependence to discern whether dependence disproportionately affected adolescents of nonwhite race/ethnicity (eTable 6). Among alcohol users, a higher prevalence of alcohol abuse vs alcohol dependence was more common among adolescents of white race/ethnicity (11.4% vs 6.5%, P < .05) and Hispanics (10.4% vs 6.7%, P < .05). Among any drug users, Asians or Pacific Islanders (12.8% vs 4.3%, P < .05) and adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity (18.4% vs 8.9%, P < .05) were more likely to have drug dependence vs drug abuse. White inhalant users were more likely to have inhalant abuse than inhalant dependence (6.5% vs 3.2%, P < .05). Given the scarcity of information about substance-using adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity, their sociodemographic characteristics were explored (eTable 7).
Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine whether substance-using adolescents of white race/ethnicity, Native Americans, adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity, or Hispanics showed a higher likelihood of having substance-related disorders than substance-using African Americans, adjusting for age, sex, family income, population density of residence, self-rated health, and survey year (eTable 8). Adolescents of white race/ethnicity, Native Americans, adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity, and Hispanics had greater odds than African Americans of having alcohol, any drug, and comorbid alcohol and drug use disorders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] range, 1.35-3.36). Multiple-race adolescents (aOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.21-4.81), adolescents of white race/ethnicity (1.46; 1.02-2.07), and Hispanics (1.63; 1.07-2.49) also had greater odds than African Americans of having an analgesic opioid use disorder. Compared with those aged 16 to 17 years, these analyses also showed an age-related increase in alcohol use disorders (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.37-0.54 for ages 12-13 years; and 0.72; 0.66-0.79 for ages 14-15 years) and any drug use disorders (0.36, 0.29-0.44 for ages 12-13 years; and 0.83; 0.74-0.93 for ages 14-15 years). Poor or fair health was associated with increased odds of any substance-related disorder (aOR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.39-1.86), comorbid alcohol and drug disorders (1.36; 1.09-1.70), or any drug use disorder (1.69; 1.44-2.00). Large metropolitan residence was associated with reduced odds of alcohol use disorders compared with nonmetropolitan residence (aOR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70-0.99).
Finally, we explored whether the association between race/ethnicity and substance-related disorder might be influenced by differences in frequency of use across racial/ethnic groups by adjusting the frequency of use of the corresponding substance for each model. All results showed minimal changes on aORs.
This study documents national estimates of past-year substance-related disorders among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. The findings should prove useful to concerned citizens, health professionals, researchers, and health policy experts. First, past-year alcohol or drug use is widespread (37.0%), and about 1 in 12 adolescents self-reported having a substance-related disorder, with Native Americans showing the highest prevalence of use and disorders. Second, analgesic opioids have replaced inhalants as the second most commonly used drug (following marijuana), and analgesic opioid use disorders comprise the second most prevalent illicit drug use disorder. Third, close to one-fourth of adolescent alcohol or drug users met DSM-IV criteria for a substance-related disorder, and users of marijuana, heroin, cocaine, or sedatives showed an elevated rate of abuse or dependence on these drugs. Fourth, adolescents used marijuana more frequently than alcohol or other drugs. Fifth, adolescents of Native American, white, Hispanic, and multiple race/ethnicity are disproportionately affected by substance-related disorders.
Prior school-based investigations have not assessed substance-related disorders; prescription drug problems were not a major concern, and data for adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity were unavailable.17,18,37 The growing sizes of racial/ethnic groups, plus the elevated rate of prescription drug use problems, necessitate updated and systematic research to discern intervention needs across these groups.11,13,38 This study expands on earlier studies by including school dropouts and adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity, examining substance-related disorders to improve measures of substance use burden, and presenting new data on all available substance-related disorders to make direct comparisons of indicators of intervention needs across racial/ethnic groups. In addition to supporting a high prevalence of substance use among those of Native Americans, white, and Hispanic race/ethnicity,17,18,37 adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity were found to have the second highest prevalence of alcohol use (following those of white race/ethnicity) and any drug use (following Native Americans). Close to one-tenth of adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity self-reported having a substance-related disorder, and one-fourth of substance-using adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity exhibited a substance-related disorder. These estimates were as high as those for adolescents of Native American, white, and Hispanic race/ethnicity. These 4 groups are disproportionately affected by symptoms of substance-related disorders.
When distinguishing abuse from dependence,36 drug-using adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity exhibited a higher prevalence of dependence than abuse, suggesting that substance use problems could be a unique challenge for research and intervention as this population grows.11,12 While substance use is influenced by multiple peer, individual (depression and delinquency), family (poor parenting), school (location), and community (neighborhood deterioration) domains,39-42 research also has identified cultural-specific risk (greater acculturation) and protective correlates (cultural pride and ethnic/racial identity) for substance use, suggesting that cultural-specific issues should be addressed for interventions to be effective.13,14,43-45 However, cultural-related factors have yet to be investigated for adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity. About 2% of the US population are of multiple race/ethnicity, which includes 3 subgroups of similar size (white and African American, white and Native American, and white and Asian or Pacific Islander) and a small subgroup self-identifying themselves as more than 3 races/ethnicities.46 Heterogeneous cultural backgrounds of individuals of multiple race/ethnicity emphasize the need for multidisciplinary approaches to disentangle cultural related factors that can guide prevention and treatment.12,14,47
Another concern is the high rate of substance-related disorders among Native Americans. Consistent with earlier studies,17,37,48 Native Americans showed the highest prevalence of substance-related use (47.5%). Native Americans also demonstrated the highest rate of substance-related disorder (15.0%); among past-year substance-using Native Americans, 31.5% met criteria for a substance-related disorder. In a sample of 651 indigenous adolescents from a single culture in the northern United States and Canada aged 13 to 15 years, Whitbeck et al49 found that 12.7% self-reported having a past-year alcohol use disorder, and 15.4% had a past-year marijuana use disorder. However, there is a scarcity of research on young Native Americans who obtain addiction treatment.50 Given that this population is generally younger (39% are<20 years) and poorer than other ethnic/racial groups,51 young Native Americans have great need for intervention to reduce burdens from substance use. There are 562 federally recognized American Indian tribes in the United States; the cultural diversity and geographic dispersion of these tribes have important implications for research and service provision, requiring policy support to develop culturally appropriate interventions to improve their health.52-54
The results also support rising concerns about adolescent marijuana use.25 Marijuana use disorders constituted 74.0% of all illicit or nonmedical substance-related disorders, and 25.9% of marijuana users exhibited a marijuana use disorder, which (along with heroin, cocaine, and sedatives) represented the highest conditional rate of substance-related disorders. The high rate can be related to frequency of use, as marijuana users (on average) spent the most days using the drug compared with other substance users. This is the first known study to present such findings for all substance classes, and it reveals cause for concern owing to the large number of past-year marijuana users (13.0% of all adolescents), a recent increase in marijuana use, increased levels of marijuana potency, and potential adverse effects on adolescents' health and subsequent productivity.24,25,55,56 Research is needed to closely monitor marijuana use and associated disorders among adolescents and identify prevention programs that truly work.
Lastly, analgesic opioids constitute the second most commonly used illicit drug among all racial/ethnic groups, with adolescents of Native American, white, and multiple race/ethnicity showing comparatively high rates of use. The large sample helped identify analgesic opioid-using adolescents of these racial/ethnic groups exhibiting elevated odds of analgesic opioid use disorders. Compared with results from earlier studies,17,37,48 findings herein support an elevated rate of nonmedical analgesic opioid use and analgesic opioid-related problems across various racial/ethnic groups. This finding is consistent with evidence showing that one-fourth of users of nonmedical analgesic opioids aged 12 to 17 years had never used other illicit or nonmedical drugs22 and that adolescents have generally considered analgesic opioids safer and easier to get than illicit drugs, and reported parents' medicine cabinets, family members, or friends as primary sources.57,58 Unfortunately, analgesic opioids are among the most addictive and lethal drugs when used improperly.59,60 Clearly, educational or prevention interventions should incorporate effective messages about health risk for nonmedical use or abuse of prescription drugs, and screening for nonmedical drug use should be considered for high-risk adolescents.
These findings should be interpreted with caution. The NSDUH relies on self-reports, which can be influenced by memory error and underreporting. As in other surveys, substance-related disorders are surveyed in the NSDUH based on standardized questions designed to operationalize DSM-IV criteria for substance-related disorders; these rates are self-reported estimates, not clinical diagnoses. Of note, the NSDUH-based past-year 6.7% prevalence of substance-related disorders (alcohol or drug) among adults in 2000 resembled the 7.4% prevalence of substance-related disorders among adults in the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey.34 Findings also do not apply to institutionalized or homeless adolescents, who were not included in the NSDUH. Nicotine dependence is excluded because it was not based on DSM-IV criteria; hence, adolescents' substance-related disorder problems are greater than our findings have suggested. This study also does not address the influence of community-level poverty or intraethnic differences (eg, differences among Hispanic groups) in substance-related disorders, as detailed measures are unavailable.13,39,43,61 Given the increasing cultural diversity of the US population, the availability of data sets for specific racial/ethnic groups and community-level poverty in future NSDUH would make it possible to monitor disparities in substance-related disorders for heterogeneous racial/ethnic groups.
The NSDUH also has noteworthy strengths. These results have a higher level of generalizability than those of a regional sample owing to high response rates and the large sample consisting of students and nonstudents or school dropouts. The 3.8% proportion of nonstudents or school dropouts among adolescents aged 16 to 17 years in this sample was similar to the 3.9% proportion of dropouts among US public high school students.62 While the US Census does not provide detailed information about racial/ethnic groups for adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, this study's distributions resemble those of all ages in the United States among groups of Native American (0.6% vs 0.7%), Asian or Pacific Islander (4.4% vs 4.4%), and multiple (1.7% vs 1.6%) race/ethnicity.46
Furthermore, based on continuous research efforts and enhancements to improve national substance-related disorder estimates, the NSDUH uses the most sophisticated survey methods available to improve the quality of self-reported data (detailed probes, color pictures of prescription drugs to augment assessments for substance use, and computer-assisted self-administration interviewing and anonymous data collection to enhance privacy).31 A large reliability study63 found substantial (for abuse or dependence questions) to almost perfect (for cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use questions) response agreement for key NSDUH measures; another NSDUH validity study64 revealed high agreement between self-reported use and urine drug test results (84.6% for tobacco, 89.8% for marijuana, and 95.5% for cocaine). The trend data of the NSDUH on various drug use patterns among adolescents are remarkably consistent with trend data from Monitoring the Future.10,31 Given the growing diversity and size of the young population and the scarcity of substance-related disorder indicators, this study makes a unique contribution by providing new information to elucidate the magnitude of illicit and prescription drug use disorders for understudied Asians or Pacific Islanders, Native Americans, Hispanics, and African Americans.
Native Americans have the highest prevalence of substance use and substance-related disorders, adding to evidence that young Native Americans are a vulnerable group facing numerous stressors, trauma, and health disparities (eg, highest rate of suicide, underfunded systems of care, and lack of access to appropriate care).65 The results herein highlight a critical need for intervention to reduce their burdens from substance use and for policies to address presently underfunded systems of care and improve infrastructures linking behavioral and primary health care services.54,65 In addition, high rates of substance use and substance-related disorders among adolescents of multiple race/ethnicity provide a rationale for including them in research analysis and reporting findings as appropriate. Furthermore, while health care providers who regularly see adolescents for periodic checkups can have a critical role in screening for substance use and early intervention, substantial barriers to recommended practices exist, and research is needed to identify incentives and means to promote screening and timely intervention.66,67 Finally, many addiction treatment programs either exclude adolescents from treatment (eg, program policies) or integrate adolescents into programs serving adults. Even within adolescent-specific programs, key elements for effective treatment are often inadequately addressed, and a lack of cultural competence is identified as a major gap, as insensitivity to cultural differences can limit the ability to treat and retain minority adolescents.14,68-70 Taken together, these findings call for efforts to identify and expand prevention measures that are culturally effective and address the quality and acceptability of treatment for adolescents with substance use problems.67,70
Correspondence: Li-Tzy Wu, ScD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, PO Box 3419, Durham, NC 27710 (firstname.lastname@example.com).
Submitted for Publication: April 5, 2011; final revision received April 26, 2011; accepted May 11, 2011.
Financial Disclosure: Dr Woody is a member of the Researched Abuse Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance (RADARS) system postmarketing study scientific advisory group, whose job is to assess abuse of prescription medications. Denver Health administers RADARS, and pharmaceutical companies support its work.
Funding/Support: This article was made possible by grants R33DA027503, R01DA019623, and R01DA019901 (Dr Wu), K05DA017009 and U10DA013043 (Dr Woody), and HHSN271200522071C (Dr Blazer) from the US National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Data Archive provided the public use data files for the NSDUH, which was sponsored by the Office of Applied Studies of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
Role of the Sponsors: The National Institutes of Health had no role in the design or conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.
Disclaimer: The contents herein are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Additional Contributions: Amanda McMillan, MA, provided proofread and formatted the manuscript.


text:
Governor's sales pitch falls short
Gov. Rod Blagojevich spent nearly three hours meeting privately with Illinois House Democrats Monday, pushing his health care and education spending plans to skeptical lawmakers.
It apparently didn't work.
Several Democrats emerged from the meeting saying there remains a huge gap between what the governor wants to spend and what House members think is a realistic spending increase. Blagojevich remained adamant that he wants lawmakers to approve his universal health care plan, even though lawmakers have made it clear they won't approve the tax hikes needed to pay for it.
While Blagojevich told reporters later that he is willing to compromise on his tax and spending plan, Democrats said that wasn't what they heard from him at the meeting.
"He didn't sound like he was willing to compromise, and you've been around here long enough to know that to get anything done, you've gotta have compromise," said Rep. Robert Molaro, D-Chicago.
"The lines in the sand are still drawn pretty thickly," said Rep. Marlow Colvin, D-Chicago, head of the House Black Caucus.
Blagojevich said it is up to House members – specifically Democrats, who solidly control the chamer – to take the next step.
"Unless and until the House Democrats and Speaker (Michael) Madigan come up with their proposal, tell us what they can support, what they can't support, what they're for and what they're not for, it's going to be very difficult to finish this on time," Blagojevich said.
The General Assembly is scheduled to conclude the spring session on Thursday. After Monday's meeting with Blagojevich, though, few House Democrats think that is going to happen.
Some semblance of a legislative spending plan may begin to emerge today. Madigan has asked his members to review a series of possible tax hikes on businesses that were suggested by Senate President Emil Jones, D-Chicago. House Democrats will meet in private again to discuss the results of the survey.
Among ideas floated by Jones are a minimum tax on all corporations, applying the corporate income tax to companies that now pay personal income taxes, and ending a variety of business tax breaks described by Blagojevich as "loopholes."
There appears to be support for ending some breaks, although Democrats said any effort to repeal the sales tax break on farm machinery is off the table.
Rep. Frank Mautino, D-Spring Valley, said the survey should give the Democrats some idea of how much additional spending they can support. After that, he said, it will be up to Blagojevich to decide if that is acceptable.
Rep. John Fritchey, D-Chicago, said there is a lot of work to be done.
"There is a large difference between where the governor would like to see this and where we believe it is realistic for us to get," Fritchey said. "They are not close to each other."
Even expansion of gambling, the one money generator that has support in both parties in the House and Senate, is not a done deal. Jones wants additional casinos along with expanded operations at current casinos and aid for horse racing tracks. However, both Republicans and Democrats in the House want a more scaled-back version.
"I think (the Senate bill) is a little too much," Colvin said.
Many Democrats also think Blagojevich's universal health plan is too ambitious.
Mautino said Democrats have doubts about how the program would work and if the cost estimates are accurate. He and others said there is more support for putting additional money into existing state health care programs before embarking on a new one.
Several Democrats said they would prefer to increase reimbursement rates in existing programs for physicians who treat the poor as a way of improving access to health care. Many doctors will not take patients from state programs because of inadequate and late payments from the state.
GateHouse News Service reporters Dana Heupel, Adriana Colindres, Laura Camper and Jeremy Pelzer contributed to this story.


text:
- More dynamic, more driving fun
- Improved throttle response
- Easy to install
The PedalBox improves the standard response times of the manufacturer's accelerator pedal. There is an immediate response from the engine with a more sporty feel and no more lag. more...
Using the keypad, four different modes can be selected: City, Sport, Sport+ and Stock. These modes can further be fine-tuned with the Plus and Minus buttons. more...
Installation only takes a few minutes in a few easy steps. The PedalBox comes pre-programmed and requires no complicated setup procedures, the fun starts NOW! more...
The new feature PerfecTune makes it possible: In just 3 easy steps you can get the right setup, perfectly suited to your car's accelerator. So precise and easy! more...
The popular throttle tuning can now also be operated with your smartphone, including new features. And, of course, you are always up-to-date with the most recent software releases. more...
'Made in Germany' means the best possible quality. The 'ECE' and 'CE' markings are your assurance that the PedalBox conforms to international safety standards as well. The PedalBox, the original from DTE Systems. more...
|PedalBox /
|Throttle Pedal Optimisation
|More dynamic Throttle Response
|10% better acceleration*
|PerfecTune - automatic unique tuning suited to your car's driving characteristics
|Soft touch keypad with top quality look, feel & design
|More precision thanks to the latest DSP technology
|PedalBox: Keypad control
PedalBox+ with keypad and app control
Connect the PedalBox+ with your smartphone
Customization of each pre-set program via app
Selection of the driving modes City, Sport, Sport+ and Series
Updating the tuning software using the app
|Auxiliary control unit for real-time optimisation of throttle pedal
|4 programs (Sport, Sport+, City, Stock)
|Up to 7 fine-tunings per program
|The Memory function: saves all your last settings even after the vehicle is restarted
|Convenient 4 colour program selection button
|With multi protocol technology, 3-channel (analogue) / 1-channel PWM compatibility
|Also available for the latest SENT digital accelerator technology
|PerfecTune - automatic unique tuning for your car's PedalBox. The right setup, perfectly suited to your car's characteristics.
|High-precision microcontroller with latest generation DSP technology
|Specially developed for automotive applications
|Integrated Active Low Energy Power Management
|Wiring loom Made by DTE with original safety plugs
|High-precision quartz oscillator
|Micro-USB port for customised programming by authorized retailers
|High quality housing with ergonomic sleek look
Smartphone Connect Interface <br /> compatible from Android 7.0 and from iOS 10
|Original DTE PedalBox software
|Vehicle specific PedalBox profile with PerfecTune's automatic custom tuning function
|Safety Features
|Secure Throttle System STS with hardware-based safety functions for throttle pedal and engine control unit
|Developed and manufactured according to management system for national and international road traffic laws, certified by TÜV Austria
|Developed and manufactured by DTE in Germany
|CE/ECE certified
|PedalBox module with vehicle-specific wiring loom
|Installation manual with engine-specific photos
|PedalBox mount
|Included Services
|Installation and Removal on-site at DTE by request
|Optional Services
|Customized throttle pedal profile by request
|Dimensions and Weight
|6,7 x 4,6 x 1,3 cm / 2.6 x 1.8 x 0.5 inch
|160 g / 0.4 lbs module weight, including accessories 420 g / 0.9 lbs
|Item Number
* vehicle-specific deviations due to factory-provided tolerances and vehicle age upwards and downwards possible
Just send us an email to [email protected]
We are also happy to get your opinion on eKomi.
We say thank you!
Schnelle Lieferung, Anleitung ausreichend ( es musste das Gaspedal zusätzlich unten ausgebaut werden um an den Stecker zu kommen), Funktion tadellos und klasse Anpsrechverhalten des Gaspedales. Komplett neuer Fahrspass. In Verbindung mit Automatikgetriebe eine "Muss"
our customers are
very pleased with us*
our customers
recommend us
*Results from the actual customer survey
as of January 2016
We are only satisfied when you are excited. And if something is not as you like, our Service team is happy to help.
What our customers say
We are constantly receiving feedback from the independent review portal eKomi, via email, social media and our customer surveys. Get an overview on our customers' opinions on this page.
" Very good communication with the customer. All inquiries will be answered quickly with a solution. That's service! "
" Good support for self-installation, system functions, better performance with low fuel consumption. "
" I was at the company and the installation was without problems. A test drive then showed the subjective performance boost. After a year with the box my fuel consumption has not increased (fuelbook logging). So all is well! "
" Product is top! It delivers what it promises! "
" Was very satisfied with the fast delivery, and I also was very well advised by a technician over the phone and could therefore install my components without problems in my vehicle. "
" My car is now great. I'm very satisfied with the tuning. The installation was easy. The delivery was the next day with me. I had a technical issue that could be resolved over the phone. I'm very satisfied with the product and the support "
" I now know my car barely. I never thought that it works so well. Will naturally recommend it. "
" I use DTE Systems products already over 7 years. Always have always received exhaustive information, regardless of which contact I have chosen, phone or mail. The products PedalBox and Chiptuning in my opinion are the best you can get on the market, the products have never let me down and do what they promise. "
" Expert advice, fast shipping and the quality of products (chip and pedalbox) I can judge well as a former car mechanic. I use both and the difference in acceleration dynamics and performance improvement is tremendous. The chiptuning and the pedal box harmonize together perfectly. I'll also need 1 - 1,5l less diesel. My vehicle has almost a motorsport feeling and I can not imagine driving without them. Great company! "
" I deliberately chose a tuning box of DTE Systems, because the increase in performance remains in a realistic magnitude and a certificate of conformity was included. The installation was relatively easy. Just as the acceptance by the TÜV. Was actually quite happy with my performance. However I lacked in some situations more pressure out from below. After installation of the box, the torque increase already in the lower speed range is appreciable. The fuel savings are in my case about 0.5l per 100km. The default setting of the box has not been altered by me. After 2000 km so far there were no problems. The shipment of DTE Systems is very fast. The service is very good, although I hardly had to use it. "


text:
Farrow & Ball Dix Blue 82 - Modern Eggshell
Farrow and Ball Modern Eggshell
Farrow and Ball - Modern Eggshell
Farrow and Ball Modern Eggshell is for use on interior wood, metal and concrete including garage floors and worktops. F&B Modern Eggshell is a hard wearing semi gloss finish. Extremely durable especially suited to floors, staircases, kitchen cabinets and interior (suitably primed) metal.
Not suitable for external use.
Key Benefits:
- Available in all 132 colours
- For use on interior floors
- Minimal VOC content
- Child and pet safe
- Coverage around 12m2 per litre
- Touch dry in 2 hours, hard overnight
- 40% sheen level
- Available in 750ml, 2.5 litre and 5 litre
- All Farrow and Ball paints are water based, quick drying and low odour.
Farrow & Ball are devoted to producing unparalleled paints and wallpapers that transform homes around the world. Farrow and Ball are paint perfectionists, creating unmatched paint colours using only the finest ingredients and age-old methods which have withstood the test of time and the passage of many a fickle fad, meticulous approach to producing paint and wallpaper is rooted in their past. Farrow & Ball paints are born and bred in Dorset, England, in the same small town they've resided in since John Farrow, and fellow paint pioneer Richard Ball first founded the company.
Over the years Farrow & Ball has been loved and appreciated by a dedicated and growing group of loyal customers all over the world who recognise the difference that attention to detail, quality ingredients and craftsmanship make.
Today, F&B quest to create unmatchable products continues, and Designer Paint Store are committed to supplying our customers with the highest quality paints and decorating materials available.
In stock items, ordered before 2pm weekdays, will be securely packaged and dispatched the same day on a next working day delivery service. We keep huge paint stocks, however, some paints will need to be ordered in, or dispatched direct from the manufacturer which may take longer. To check our stock prior to ordering please contact us.
Please remember delivery dates are estimates only and we recommend taking delivery of your paints before booking a decorator.
Enjoy FREE delivery on all orders over £100.
Orders under £100 will carry a delivery charge of £6.95.
Sample pot orders are dispatched on a First Class signed for service with Royal Mail.
For more information and advice please see Terms & Conditions


text:
One customer of the Greatful Deli in East Hartford, CT calls 911 to complain about his ham and turkey sandwich.
Post by: Anderson Cooper
Filed under: The RidicuList
Anderson Cooper goes beyond the headlines to tell stories from many points of view, so you can make up your own mind about the news. Tune in weeknights at 8 and 10 ET on CNN.
Questions or comments? Send an email
Want to know more? Go behind the scenes with AC361°


text:
The Village of Estes Park is surrounded by nationally protected lands and mountain peaks ranging in elevation from 8,500 feet to over 14,000. Visitors from around the world come to look at the majestic snowcapped peaks and experience outdoor activities.
From Fort Collins to Greeley, and even over to Estes Park, Northern Colorado has a rich and diverse history that has been well-preserved in its many historic homes — something we're very passionate about, as a real estate company. From... Link to the Article
The Village of Estes Park is bordered by Rocky Mountain National Park. Its mountain peaks range in elevation from 8,500 to over 14,000 feet. Visitors from around the world come to experience its majestic setting and participate in outdoor activities – walking, hiking, fishing, mountain climbing, ice climbing, snowshoeing.
Estes Park is a year-round community with nearly 6,000 residents. The downtown offers unique shops, galleries, restaurants and places to explore. The Big Thompson and Fall Rivers meet at Riverside Plaza, an open park connecting to the Riverwalk. Eight miles of improved hike and bike trails that traverse the valley floor past a bird sanctuary, golf courses and circle Lake Estes.
The village has established an international reputation for the quality and variety of festivals it hosts. These include the Stanley Film Festival (held on the grounds of the Stanley Hotel where horror-writer Stephen King penned "The Shining," Scandinavian Midsummer Festival, Rooftop Rodeo, Longs Peak Scottish Irish Highland Festival, Wool Market, Jazz Fest & Art Walk, Elk Fest, Catch the Glow Holiday Parade & Celebration and Estes Park Duck Race.
The climate is dry, both summer and winters, receiving an average of 14 inches of precipitation each year. On average, the village receives only 34 inches of snow during a winter season.
Population: 6,000 (2012 estimate)
Elevation: 7,522
Climate: Nearly 300 days of sunshine per year with an average of 14" of precipitation
Geography: Estes Park sits at an elevation of 7,522 feet on the front range of the Rocky Mountains at the eastern entrance of the Rocky Mountain National Park
Churches: Approximately 20 churches of varied denominations
Median Family Income: $52,778
There are approximately 1,200 students, in grades pre-kindergarten through 12 attending Estes Park.
Park School District R-3 follows the Colorado Department of Education curriculum standards for the CORE subjects as well as art, music, and physical education. Special Education, English as a Second Language, gifted education, and foreign language are examples of additional curricular programs offered at Park School District. In addition, there are numerous sports, clubs, and other activities that are available to students.
Rocky Mountain National Park, rated the #1 Outdoor and Adventure Destination in the U.S. by Trip Advisor, is just 4 short miles west of Estes Park. The park encompasses 415 square miles of mountain peaks with more than 350 miles of hiking, over 700 species of wildflowers, 150 names lakes, and Longs Peak, one of Colorado's best known "14-ers." Abundant wildlife can be seen year round, including the elk that frequently roam downtown.
The Estes Park Medical Center is a 25-bed critical access, acute care facility with a 24-hour emergency department, 24-hour ambulance service, emergency air transport, medical/surgical services, obstetrics, home health care and hospice. University of Colorado Health—and its affiliated Poudre Valley Hospital—operate the Timberline Medical Family Practice and Urgent Care. This facility is staffed six days per week with three doctors and a nurse practitioner.
Tourists are the lifeblood of the region's economy. Most jobs are in hospitality or supporting industries. Small business owners are the backbone of the region. Real estate/construction is the second largest job provider. Many residents commute daily to Loveland, Fort Collins and the Boulder area.
MLS 970266 | Active
Listing Courtesy of RE/MAX Advanced Inc.
MLS 969797 | Active
Listing Courtesy of RE/MAX Mountain Brokers
MLS 968479 | Active
Listing Courtesy of Coldwell Banker Estes Village
MLS 966234 | Active
Listing Courtesy of RE/MAX Mountain Brokers
MLS 964746 | Active
Listing Courtesy of Richardson Team Realty
MLS 984258 | Active
Listing Courtesy of KW Realty NoCo-Estes
No Properties at this time


text:
Please Note that current production and shipping times are 5-15 business days :)
Regular price
This listing is for ONE felt flower bookmark. The Autumn Sunset Wildflower bookmark has a Vintage Cameo daisy and an Ember lotus felt flower with various beads.Please choose the length of your bookmark at time of purchase. The lengths listed in the drop down box are the total length of the bead cord ONLY, NOT including charms. I personally hand cut and wrap my bead cord, so length may vary slightly. Sizes are the "typical" size used for the notebook size. If you need them longer or shorter please leave a note in the notes section when you check out. Due to the handmade nature of this item slight variations may occur including beads.


text:
Loeffler Randall
Daphne Knotted Plissé Flat Sandals
- Composition: 67% silk, 33% polyester
- Heel height: 1"
- Imported
Please note: This item was pre-shot and written from a sample. Details including fabric, construction, and measurement are subject to slight variations from the pictured item.
Enjoy free shipping and easy returns on eligible products online or in any of our stores. Read our FAQs for our shipping details and return information. PLEASE NOTE: ALL ITEMS MARKED FINAL SALE CANNOT BE RETURNED, EXCHANGED OR PRICE ADJUSTED.


text:
4MATIC for Sale in Regina, SK
63 Matching Vehicles Found
Pricing shown includes all applicable dealer fees including Freight/ PDI, Admin, EHF Tires, Filters and Batteries, AC Levy and applicable provincial fees. Prices do not include taxes, insurance and license fees, as well as any other products or services not listed that may be available to you through your selected Mercedes-Benz dealership. Vehicle prices subject to change without notice. Dealer may sell for less. Please contact the dealership directly for exact pricing details.
Vehicle may not be exactly as shown. Some vehicles may be shown with optional equipment or equipment not available in Canada.
**Regarding towing capacity listed: Maximum permissible gross weight of the trailer, if the trailer is equipped with a separate functional braking system. Please make sure to comply with local trailer load regulations.


text:
Getting Around
Info - Missionary PrayerGuard
Info - UPG PrayerGuard
Get Your Own PrayerGuard
Contact PrayerGuard!
Stuff to Do...
Promote PrayerGuard
Ethne Prayer Section for Unreached Peoples
Put these buttons
On Your Site
Pray for The Unreached People Group of the Hour
Praying for:
Dar Hamid of Sudan
Topic: 1 of 3
Talk to us!
We need to hear from you!
- How is this site helping you?
- How can we make it better?
- Are there any problems we can fix?
- What's you favorite ice cream flavor?
Come on! we need your feedback, so let us hear from you.
Kathleen Dillard
and the Prayercentral Team
Please use the
Contact Form at Prayercentral.net
to give us your input.
Next Prayer »
Pray-it Say-it Cards
Site software customization by
SaeSolved:: LLC


text:
Peter Jackson talks about 'Hobbit' movies
When the idea of turning "The Hobbit" into a feature film, adding J.R.R. Tolkien's "prequel" to "The Lord of the Rings" to the world of cinema, New Zealand's favorite son, filmmaker Peter Jackson, who did all nine hours of "Rings," wasn't planning to direct it. The chore of transferring one book into two films was going to be done by Mexican director Guillermo del Toro. But del Toro went on to other projects, and though he has a screenwriting credit on "The Hobbit," the reins went back to Jackson, and the two films eventually turned into three, starting with last year's "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey." When the final chapter, "The Hobbit: There and Back Again," is released next December, there will be 18 hours of Jackson-directed Tolkien on screen. Jackson spoke about his current entry, "The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug," last week in Los Angeles. Fans of cameos should take note: The director can be seen, looming large, eating a carrot in the film's opening sequence.
Did any of the characters in the story benefit from you switching from two films to three?
I don't think so. We didn't really change a lot. We made the decision after we had shot most of the film. It was a decision based on what we HAD shot. We thought, we're going to have to somehow cut a lot of this stuff out, or we can reshape it. So we did some more shooting. We did 10 weeks of shooting this year for the second and third films. What it does is let the characters drive the story. You want the narrative of the film to be told either through the dialogue that your characters are saying or the actions that they do. So that's why we ended up wanting to give more depth to some of the characters. I was also acutely aware that when the cycle of releasing a movie each year was done, we would end up with six films, "An Unexpected Journey" being the beginning and "The Return of the King" being the end. And I did want to have a unity. I wanted it to feel like it was all from the same filmmakers.
You were actually working on all three films simultaneously. How do you distinguish each one separately as you're making them?
We shot them kind of in chronological order-ish, to some degree. By the time we were done with the extra 10 weeks [of shooting], I was getting in my groove. It was interesting to get completely into the narrative of the story because as a filmmaker, you're almost getting swept along with the characters. So the filmmaker is actually on the same journey as the Dwarves, to some degree, over that period of time. You're telling a continuous story. It's three movies, and you're trying to make each one work individually, but it's telling one narrative arc
The sequence of the Dwarves going down the rapids in barrels is one of the most exciting in the whole series. Was that a big challenge?
We shot that in different areas, on different rivers in New Zealand. We were on a river on the North Island where there was a gorge, like a rocky canyon, that stretches about a mile. At the head of the canyon there's a big dam, and four times a day, like clockwork, they open up the sluice gates and they let this enormous torrent of water out. They do that for 10 minutes and then they close the gates again. We got a lot of the really hair-raising barrel stuff there. But it was too dangerous to use stunt guys. We didn't dare put anyone in the barrels. We sent the barrels down empty, and we put the digital Dwarves in later. That provided for some of the more dramatic footage.
This movie's got a great cliffhanger ending. Did you always know exactly where it was going to stop?
We did talk about it. Look, it's very rare that you get to do films back to back, and to be able to end with a cliffhanger ... and we HAVE shot the last part and I DO know what happens in the film (laughs), and you will see that in a year's time. I think I was about 17 or 18 years old when I saw "The Empire Strikes Back," and it had a big cliffhanger ending, and it was like three years before the next one came out. So we're being pretty generous at one year.
Ed Symkus covers movies for More Content Now.


text:
Dictionary.com defines advocacy as "the act of pleading for, supporting, or recommending; active espousal." I know I heard and used this term before I began library school but I honestly think my awareness of it has increased tenfold in the last two years of my program.
You may think that it is because I'm learning all about advocacy and how to be an advocate for libraries and the profession in my courses. And sure, you would be partially correct. I've had a few professors mention budget cuts to libraries and what it means for the profession and the likelihood of us finding jobs when we are done with the program. But as advocacy seems to be at the forefront of the library profession these days. ALA even has an Advocacy University section on its website. And the library blogosphere always seems to be talking about it (see Andy Woodworth's blog for some fantastic posts on the issue). However, I often feel that my LIS education has left me lacking the skills to take on real-life advocacy; both DURING my degree as well as when I'm finished. But is this actually something that should be taught? How to advocate? Are those skills that should be integrated into a graduate program? And beyond that – what role should library school students play in advocacy efforts that are going on in the area?
This last question is one I've thought about a great deal during the last year. Some of you may have heard about the budget concerns in Boston that were threatening to close several branches of the Boston Public Library last year. [To find out more you can check out the web site that was created by concerned patrons of the library.] I feel like whenever issues like this arise, the more people helping out and raising voices, the better. Yes? And my second assumption was that library school students who live in the very same city as these branches and who are going into the library profession would want to be involved in the process that was going on right in front of them. This is where I found myself kind of disappointed. My fellow students did not seem to want to be engaged as I thought they would. Now don't get me wrong, there were several students who were all over what was going on and were involved and engaged. And I also realize that grad students have school, work, families, and loads of other commitments. But I saw this as kind of a perfect opportunity to not only get involved in the community but get involved with reaching out to local librarians and patrons; despite which type of librarianship you were studying. On the other side of it all, I thought that perhaps my professors would encourage us to get involved. And this was not 100% the case either. Again, there were definitely professors who were involved but I would have really liked to have seen the program as a whole become more engaged in what was going on in the library community right at our doorstep. I was worried that, as the library school community, were guilty of thinking "that is someone else's issue." But maybe I was asking too much of a graduate program?
My fellow hacklibschool editors have had some of their own experiences with advocacy in their communities. Britt Foster spent a tremendous amount of her time advocating for Measure L in LA and wrote a fantastic post about what it means to be an activist librarian along with her most recent post on Activism and Advocacy. And Heidi Kittleson, in her last days of her grad program, has been advocating for the iSchool, at the University of Washington, as its funding has been threatened. She wrote about the situation in a recent Hack Library School post. Also, check out the great post on Lyndsey Runyan's blog about the iSchool situation.
So how does advocacy fit into the library school program? Should it fit in? Who is responsible for learning about it? What is the role of professors and administrators? Have you been involved in advocacy efforts in your community? In libraries?
Categories: Advocacy & Activism


text:
Beautiful 22-year-old married woman from Spring Hill wants 1 guy for sex games
First name: Turquoise, Age: 22 yo, City: Spring Hill (FL)
I can meet you in a discreet place as I need to be discreet. However, I am available at the end of the day for this secret meeting. Ideally, I would like the men who write to me to be brown and preferably handsome. I'm looking for a man who is tireless because I ask for a lot sexually. I can stay under the covers all day if my partner knows what they're doing. I love showing myself naked in nature and having my picture taken. But what really gets me going are the quickies in atypical places (parking lots, bathrooms, etc.), it's up to you to be creative in the streets of Spring Hill. So I'm down to fuck with a nice guy. If you're interested, leave a comment. I would be happy to transfer my email or phone number so we can talk. See you soon.
A 48-year-old woman who is very lonely for a hot one night stand Poughkeepsie
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Emiliene, Age: 48 yo, City: Poughkeepsie (NY)
I am free at the end of the week but rather in the evening. You can find yourself wherever you want, but near Poughkeepsie. From now on, I clearly want to have fun. Since I'm more of a Cougar, I look for young guys, or at least a boy who is really younger than me. I really enjoy the practices of libertinism. I have been a woman who is into swinging and exhibitionism for quite some time. I get excited when guys spy on me when I'm masturbating in a public place like a bathroom. If you want to get to know me, let me know. I hope you understood me and that you will be able to satisfy me.
A married couple in Yonkers is looking for a naughty encounter
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Armandina, Age: 37 yo, City: Yonkers (NY)
We love SM. The best for me is when I am handcuffed so that my darling can look at me while you fuck me and I will be excited like never before. We just want to have fun with you. We write on this libertine dating site because we enjoy finding new swingers duringlibertine nights. I agree to meet you in a public place. I would add that I am open to meeting up in an exhibition space in Yonkers. Please contact us if you would like to have a threesome. We would like to read your comments. I kiss you.
Young woman on Seaside looking for some old guys to discover swingers
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Kalissa, Age: 31 yo, City: Seaside (CA)
Welcome to my ad, I'm Kalissa and I just turned 31. I am separated and looking for a naughty guy to test out some new sexual things like swinging or others. We can meet at my place or yours, I'll come to you, but I'm not going to drive for hours, just so you know. No hotels please, it's creepy to my taste. I am available in the evenings during the week and all day on Sundays. I prefer a guy who is pretty passionate and, most importantly, has a really great penis in order to give me lots of pleasure because I am quite the horny slut. I know how to play with my conquests to turn them on. I love role-playing games. I want a guy who is imaginative in this way to accompany me in my fiction and who brings me into his world and dreams. So, I'm asking you to contact me without delay if you want to fuck me. I want a naughty guy who's up for anything. See you soon.
Looking for a hot afternoon in Palm Desert
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Lizi, Age: 46 yo, City: Palm Desert (CA)
Hi couples, my name is Lizi and I'm 46 years old. My darling is 47 years old and we're very hot. We can meet up on the weekends, but we prefer if it happens at our place. We have a lot of outfits. I prefer guys who are tbm and small, but this is just a preference. However, I require a good fuck like my man. I want to have a good time. We love being in swingers clubs to play. My man and I are a swingers couple. I personally love threesomes because I'm without limits and my guy is okay with it. We hope to see your hottest desires. I look forward to reading your comments. I kiss you! See you soon.
A charming redhead girl would like to find a hot guy on Rogers
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Naylah, Age: 44 yo, City: Rogers (AR)
I want to have fun today. Since I'm more of a Cougar, I only look for young guys, or at least a boy who is much younger than me. I'm a girl who loves giving good head to make you hard as a bull. Otherwise I say no when it comes to trying out unusual sexual practices, like double penetration. We can meet at my place or yours, I'm willing to travel, but I'm not going to drive hundreds of kilometers. I don't think it's a good idea to meet up at a hotel. It seems shady to me. I am available in the evening during the week and on Saturday. You can leave a message if you want. I hope to meet you in Rogers for this fuck. Kiss.
I'm a young, married brunette looking for an affair in the city
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Jaouida, Age: 31 yo, City: Meriden (CT)
Hi, my name is Jaouida and I'm 31 years old. I live in Meriden. I am a rather sensual, playful and naughty woman. We can meet at my place or yours, I'm willing to travel, but I'm not going to cross France for it. I don't like staying at hotels because they're kind of gross. I am available in the evening during the week and all day on Saturday. I love it when I can strip down and pose in the woods, and someone takes my picture. But what really gets me going are the unexpected hookups in atypical places (parking lots, bathrooms, etc.), it's up to you to be innovative in the streets of Meriden. I am a beginner in the libertine lifestyle, so I need a man who is experienced and knows what he is doing. During this hot plan, I want to submit and be your thing so you can have fun with me and have a great time. I leave you hoping to discover your comments to satisfy my most secret libertine impulses. I don't want a different encounter so if you can't make me happy. Do not leave me a message. Keep me in the loop! Big, naughty kisses!
Looking for a hot one-night stand at a libertine club in Youngstown
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Madina, Age: 40 yo, City: Youngstown (OH)
Hello everyone, I am a beautiful girl in a relationship, my name is Madina and I am 40 years old. I live on the Youngstown side and I'm really slutty. We prefer to meet you at our place but if you wish we can move around Youngstown and its surroundings. We're only available for this threesome at the end of the day. We enjoy being in swingers clubs for the pleasure. We are a couple without taboos. I love trios because I'm very naughty and my darling agrees to share me. We just want to have fun in your company. We post on this libertine site because we love discovering other guys during sex sessions. We are on this hot dating site to enjoy life with some naughty people. You must leave us a comment if you want to meet up. Kisses.
I'm a 26-year-old woman who's available for one night stands
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Djouma, Age: 26 yo, City: Ogden (UT)
Welcome to my profile. I'm a pretty hot woman who is in a relationship but I have one night stands. I work as a hairdresser and it's not interesting. Since I'm the slutty type, I wanted to find a lover. As I am new to libertinage, I need a real libertine who knows how to proceed. During this libertine plan, I wish to submit and be your object so that you can have fun with me and especially have an orgasm. I love to show off in the forest and have my picture taken But what gets me the most excited are relationships in atypical places (parking lots, bathrooms, etc.), it's up to you to be innovative on the streets of Ogden. For this hot encounter, I agree to meet you in a bar. If you're up for it, I wouldn't mind setting up a date in an exhibition space. If you would like, you can do your presentation. I hope to meet you in Ogden for this fuck session. Kisses. Bye.
Looking for a hot, naughty time? I'm your girl! Let's get together and explore our kinky side. Candaulism is my specialty – let's make your fantasies come true!
Nude Pics Brittany Spears
First name: Basilie, Age: 28 yo, City: Jackson (MI)
I'm looking for a charming guy without taboos who will make me feel good in the company of my husband because I am a greedy woman who loves to have two guys all to herself. We can free up an afternoon. We don't mind hosting this meeting or meeting you wherever you'd like. We practice SM. The best is when I'm hooked so my husband can ogle me when you lick me and I'll take my foot to death. To meet us, simply leave a comment. We just want sex between couples.
- Kristen Stewart Sexy Nude
- Rachel Bilson Fake Nude
- Elizabeth Reaser Sex Scene
- Taylor Nude Pics
- Nude Pics Brittany Spears
- Naked Alicia
- SumoSearch Yucaipa
- Kate Harrison Naked
- Barbara Hershey Sex
- Princess Fergie Nude
- Rachel Bilson Tits
- Olga Kurylenko Hot Pics
- Nude Rhianna Pics
- Nicole Kidman Hot Body
- Loes Haverkort Naked
- Sexy Helen Hunt
- Tina Desai Sex
- Diana Rigg Nudes
- Colleen Camp Naked
- Mya Harrison Pics


text:
For the latest updates to Global Public Square, including show information and Fareed's Take, visit the new GPS site on CNN.com.
Modi is a pediphile
There is a raipe every 2 seconds in India. Indeed a world record.
Clinton prefers fat chicks.
This is a sad day indeed for India and Hindus. A murderer, rapist and stalker has been "selected" as its leader.
I, for one, am of the stance that Modi will never be acceptable to the civilized world until and unless he surrenders to the International Court of Justice and faces trial on charges of genocide in Gujarat, India.
Modi has a boyfriend in Myanmar.
Michael Eisner is a pedophile. Openly gay priests caught sidomizing younger males are statutory rapists,
Raiping mothers is a hindoo tradition sanctioned by their holy scriptures.
George W, Bush has a boyfriend in Tom Bolton's anus.
Millions of American men live with their own mothers until mommy dies and never start a family of their own.
Why is Modi licensed by the international community to have nukes but Israel,s Netanyahu isn't?
Hindoos smell like s hit. Nasty BO
Why didn't Modi authorize dropping 2000 lb. bombs on Palestinian hospitals?
Do Indians have to ask if they qualify for disability or do they inherently know?
Colic green eating 300 lb. Mississipians on welfare smell like rotten vegetables.
Myanmar is currently occupied by Israeli troops. Why?
Why aren't Israel and the USA members of the World Court and so having no legal say concerning international criminal activities?
Why have US presidents been arming Iseael's sworn enemies these past few years?
Why do fat lazy Americans who are deep in debt wrag on Indians?
Do Indians do as many drugs as American nurses do?
Metal Rodding/Gang Raipes
Human Sacrifices to clay gods
Self immolation
Everywhere the Hindus have been shunned. They have been kicked out of Kenya and Uganda and Australia and Barbados. Now Bangladesh has torched their temples and homes and thrown them out of the country. Italy made a mockery of them. Nobody wants them. All these people see the ugliness in Hindus and want them gone . They can't all be wrong!!!!
Ditto the Jews. So what's your point?
I love India and Modi.
Philip is gay.
He loves Bobby.
Philip eats camel s hit....
The image of Indians is gang raipes. The image of India is stench, poverty and filth. The image of Hindus is incest and ugly looking clay figurine gods. Terrorism. It is a recipe for disaster.
Modi should be hung from a tree, raiped by a giraffe prior to. Just sayin.
Sounds like Compton CA.
I would appreciate it if you people stopped stealing my wive's screen name.
To the troll in blue. Stfu already.
Well, I'm gonna go fukk my wife.
India among world's most violent places:
MUMBAI: The recent Maoist violence in Bastar, which left 28 people dead, is no aberration. The Global Peace Index (GPI) 2013, which was released on Tuesday, has ranked India among the 25 least peaceful nations to live in. The country was placed 141 among 162 nations, having lost more than two lives a day — or a staggering 799 persons — to internal conflicts in 2012. Others were South Sudan and Afghanistan
Do Indians have Rodney King riots that saw 56 people killed and 29 buildings set on fire by ape-like creatures? No? How about Feeguson moments whereby a gorilla strong-armed a box of cigars while monkeys looted stores and baboons started fires?
A racist pig so go die plz what an azz hole equating blacks with gorillas and monkeys republican kkk white supremist
My giney tingles,


text:
Movie review: 'Beautiful Creatures' kind of like 'Twilight,' but better
A boy meets a girl, and they're "different" from each other, but they don't let that get in the way of romance. OK, stop thinking about "Twilight" or the much more recent "Warm Bodies." This new one, like its predecessors, based on a novel, may sound similar, but it comes from and goes off into many other directions. It's certainly the most properly supernatural of the bunch.
When we meet 17-year-old South Carolinian Ethan (Alden Ehrenreich), we find out right away that he's a voracious reader (Vonnegut's his current choice), is kind of a loner, and is being brought up by his dad.
He's also having some pretty weird dreams about a girl whose face he can't quite see.
Hold on, there's a new girl in town and at school, 15-year-old orphan Lena (Alice Englert), come to live with her wealthy and very mysterious Uncle Macon (Jeremy Irons) at the creepy old Ravenwood place. She, too, loves to read (Bukowski's her present fave).
Could she be the "girl of his dreams?" There's nothing like love at first sight between them. He shows some interest, likely because everyone else in town bores him, but she feigns total disinterest, as if she isn't supposed to mingle with anyone. After a classroom display of "Carrie"-like abilities by her, which she never acknowledges, his fascination increases. He even follows her home, only to be told to go away because "my uncle doesn't like people around the house."
Actually, no one in the Ravenwood family likes people very much, at least not "normal" people like Ethan, and everyone else in town. The appearance of Uncle Macon allows Irons to start chewing the scenery early. He's a dashing figure in white, delivering his lines in a honey-like voice, ever ready to put a spell – or foist visions – upon an unwary visitor.
There are lots of spells cast on lots of people in this little Southern town. And while the story is mostly about the slowly forming attraction between Ethan and Lena, the parade of characters around them gives the film an undeniable richness. Viola Davis plays Amma, local librarian and longtime friend of Ethan's family (separate characters in the book), a woman with plenty of her own secrets. Watch out for Emmy Rossum (currently in Showtime's "Shameless") as Ridley, a sorceress who likes to have her way with unsuspecting men. But the film's best scene-stealing goes to the always surprising Emma Thompson, taking on two roles: the Bible-thumping Mrs. Lincoln, and the fearsome and extremely powerful Sarafine.
Thompson manages to make her parts both frightening and over-the-top hilarious.
The plot ends up gravitating toward the always popular battle between the light and the dark, as well as the old Shakespearian chestnut of forbidden love, in this case between a Caster (Lena's fate) and a mortal. Between plentiful doses of creepiness, visual effects, a (literally) swirling sequence about family dynamics, and a quick dip into melodrama, this is a film that will please the young viewers it's aimed at, and still keep older audiences who couldn't handle the ridiculousness of the "Twilight" series happily engaged.
Ed Symkus covers movies for GateHouse Media.
Written and directed by Richard LaGravenese
With Alden Ehrenreich, Alice Englert, Jeremy Irons, Viola Davis, Emmy Rossum, Emma Thompson
Rated PG-13