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Current refinement(s):
ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS: a data set of bird morphological traits from the Atlantic forests of South America
Rodrigues, Rodolpho Credo ; Hasui, Érica ; Assis, Julia Camara ; Pena, João Carlos Castro ; Muylaert, Renata L. ; Tonetti, Vinicius Rodrigues ; Martello, Felipe ; Regolin, André Luis ; Vernaschi Vieira da Costa, Thiago ; Pichorim, Mauro ; Carrano, Eduardo ; Lopes, Leonardo Esteves ; Vasconcelos, Marcelo Ferreira de; Fontana, Carla Suertegaray ; Roos, Andrei Langeloh ; Gonçalves, Fernando ; Banks-Leite, Cristina ; Cavarzere, Vagner ; Efe, Marcio Amorim ; Alves, Maria Alice S. ; Uezu, Alexandre ; Metzger, Jean Paul ; Tarso Zuquim de Antas, Paulo de; Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz, Katia Maria de; Calsavara, Larissa Corsini ; Bispo, Arthur Angelo ; Araujo, Helder F.P. ; Duca, Charles ; Piratelli, Augusto João ; Naka, Luciano N. ; Dias, Rafael Antunes ; Gatto, Cassiano A.F.R. ; Villegas Vallejos, Marcelo Alejandro ; Reis Menezes, Gregório dos; Bugoni, Leandro ; Rajão, Henrique ; Zocche, Jairo José ; Willrich, Guilherme ; Silva, Elsimar Silveira da; Manica, Lilian Tonelli ; Camargo Guaraldo, André de; Althmann, Giulyana ; Serafini, Patricia Pereira ; Francisco, Mercival Roberto ; Lugarini, Camile ; Machado, Caio Graco ; Marques-Santos, Fernando ; Bobato, Rafaela ; Souza, Elivan Arantes de; Donatelli, Reginaldo José ; Ferreira, Carolina Demetrio ; Morante-Filho, José Carlos ; Paes-Macarrão, Natalia Dantas ; Macarrão, Arthur ; Lima, Marcos Robalinho ; Jacoboski, Lucilene Inês ; Candia-Gallardo, Carlos ; Alegre, Vanesa Bejarano ; Jahn, Alex E. ; Camargo Barbosa, Karlla Vanessa de; Cestari, Cesar ; Silva, José Nilton da; Silveira, Natalia Stefanini da; Vara Crestani, Ana Cristina ; Petronetto, Adeliane Peterle ; Abreu Bovo, Alex Augusto ; Viana, Anderson Durão ; Araujo, Andrea Cardoso ; Santos, Andressa Hartuiq dos; Araújo do Amaral, Andreza Clarinda ; Ferreira, Ariane ; Vieira-Filho, Arnaldo Honorato ; Ribeiro, Bianca Costa ; Missagia, Caio C.C. ; Bosenbecker, Camila ; Bronzato Medolago, Cesar Augusto ; Rodriguez Espínola, Cid Rodrigo ; Faxina, Claudenice ; Campodonio Nunes, Cristiane Estrela ; Prates, Cristine ; Apolinario da Luz, Daniela Tomasio ; Moreno, Daniele Janina ; Mariz, Daniele ; Faria, Deborah ; Meyer, Douglas ; Doná, Eder Afonso ; Alexandrino, Eduardo Roberto ; Fischer, Erich ; Girardi, Fabiane ; Giese, Felipe Borba ; Santos Shibuya, Felipe Leonardo ; Faria, Fernando Azevedo ; Bittencourt de Farias, Fernando ; Lima Favaro, Fernando de; Ferneda Freitas, Fernando José ; Chaves, Flávia G. ; Guedes Las-Casas, Flor Maria ; Rosa, Gabriel L.M. ; Massaccesi de laTorre, Gabriel ; Bochio, Gabriela Menezes ; Bonetti, Giselle Evelise ; Kohler, Glauco ; Toledo-Lima, Guilherme Santos ; Plucenio, Gustavo Piletti ; Menezes, Ícaro ; Denóbile Torres, Ingrid Maria ; Carvalho Provinciato, Ivan Celso ; Viana, Ivan Réus ; Roper, James Joseph ; Persegona, Jaqueline Evelyn ; Barcik, Jean Júnior ; Martins-Silva, Jimi ; Gava Just, João Paulo ; Tavares-Damasceno, João Paulo ; Almeida Ferreira, João Ricardo de; Rodrigues Rosoni, Jonas Rafael ; Teixeira Falcon, José Eduardo ; Schaedler, Laura Maria ; Mathias, Leonardo Brioschi ; Deconto, Leonardo Rafael ; Cruz Rodrigues, Licléia da; Meyer, Marcela Afonso P. ; Repenning, Márcio ; Melo, Marcos Antônio ; Santos de Carvalho, Maria Amélia ; Rodrigues, Marcos ; Conti Nunes, Maria Flavia ; Ogrzewalska, Maria Halina ; Lopes Gonçalves, Mariana ; Vecchi, Maurício B. ; Bettio, Maurício ; Matta Baptista, Michelle Noronha da; Arantes, Murilo Sérgio ; Ruiz, Nicolás Luciano ; Bisetto de Andrade, Paulo Guilherme ; Lima Ribeiro, Pedro Henrique ; Galetti Junior, Pedro Manoel ; Macario, Phoeve ; Oliveira Fratoni, Rafael de; Meurer, Rafael ; Saint-Clair, Rafael S. ; Romagna, Rafael Spilere ; Alves Lacerda, Raquel Caroline ; Serpa Cerboncini, Ricardo Augusto ; Lyra, Ricardo Brioschi ; Lau, Ricardo ; Rodrigues, Roberta Costa ; Faria, Rogério Rodrigues ; Laps, Rudi Ricardo ; Althoff, Sérgio Luiz ; Jesus, Shayana de; Namba, Sumiko ; Braga, Talita Vieira ; Molin, Tamara ; França Câmara, Thanyria P. ; Enedino, Thayz Rodrigues ; Wischhoff, Uschi ; Oliveira, Vanessa Cristina de; Leandro-Silva, Victor ; Araújo-Lima, Vitor ; Oliveira Lunardi, Vitor de; Gusmão, Reginaldo Farias de; Souza Correia, Jozélia Maria de; Gaspar, Lucas P. ; Batista Fonseca, Renata Cristina ; Fonseca Pires Neto, Paulo Affonso ; Medeiros Morato de Aquino, Ana Carla ; Camargo, Bruna Betagni de; Cezila, Beatriz Azevedo ; Costa, Leonardo Marques ; Paolino, Roberta Montanheiro ; Kanda, Claudia Zukeran ; Monteiro, Erison C.S. ; Oshima, Júlia Emi F. ; Alves-Eigenheer, Milene ; Pizo, Marco Aurelio ; Silveira, Luís F. ; Galetti, Mauro ; Ribeiro, Milton Cezar - \ 2019
Ecology 100 (2019)6. - ISSN 0012-9658
body size - functional diversity - individual variation - interspecific variation - phenotypic plasticity - phylogenetic diversity - rapid evolution - tropical forest
Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities.
Agriculture erases climate constraints on soil nematode communities across large spatial scales
Li, Xianping ; Zhu, Huimin ; Geisen, Stefan ; Bellard, Céline ; Hu, Feng ; Li, Huixin ; Chen, Xiaoyun ; Liu, Manqiang - \ 2019
Global Change Biology (2019). - ISSN 1354-1013
beta diversity - biotic homogenization - environmental gradient - functional traits - land conversion - phylogenetic diversity - soil biodiversity - soil nematodes
Anthropogenic conversion of natural to agricultural land reduces aboveground biodiversity. Yet, the overall consequences of land-use changes on belowground biodiversity at large scales remain insufficiently explored. Furthermore, the effects of conversion on different organism groups are usually determined at the taxonomic level, while an integrated investigation that includes functional and phylogenetic levels is rare and absent for belowground organisms. Here, we studied the Earth's most abundant metazoa—nematodes—to examine the effects of conversion from natural to agricultural habitats on soil biodiversity across a large spatial scale. To this aim, we investigated the diversity and composition of nematode communities at the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic level in 16 assemblage pairs (32 sites in total with 16 in each habitat type) in mainland China. While the overall alpha and beta diversity did not differ between natural and agricultural systems, all three alpha diversity facets decreased with latitude in natural habitats. Both alpha and beta diversity levels were driven by climatic differences in natural habitats, while none of the diversity levels changed in agricultural systems. This indicates that land conversion affects soil biodiversity in a geographically dependent manner and that agriculture could erase climatic constraints on soil biodiversity at such a scale. Additionally, the functional composition of nematode communities was more dissimilar in agricultural than in natural habitats, while the phylogenetic composition was more similar, indicating that changes among different biodiversity facets are asynchronous. Our study deepens the understanding of land-use effects on soil nematode diversity across large spatial scales. Moreover, the detected asynchrony of taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity highlights the necessity to monitor multiple facets of soil biodiversity in ecological studies such as those investigating environmental changes.
Diversity of tryptophan halogenases in sponges of the genus Aplysina
Gutleben, Johanna ; Koehorst, Jasper J. ; McPherson, Kyle ; Pomponi, Shirley ; Wijffels, René H. ; Smidt, Hauke ; Sipkema, Detmer - \ 2019
FEMS microbiology ecology 95 (2019)8. - ISSN 0168-6496
bioactive compounds - environmental enzymes - Halogenase - host-associated microbiome - marine sponges - phylogenetic diversity
Marine sponges are a prolific source of novel enzymes with promising biotechnological potential. Especially halogenases, which are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of brominated and chlorinated secondary metabolites, possess interesting properties towards the production of pharmaceuticals that are often halogenated. In this study we used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based screening to simultaneously examine and compare the richness and diversity of putative tryptophan halogenase protein sequences and bacterial community structures of six Aplysina species from the Mediterranean and Caribbean seas. At the phylum level, bacterial community composition was similar amongst all investigated species and predominated by Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Proteobacteria. We detected four phylogenetically diverse clades of putative tryptophan halogenase protein sequences, which were only distantly related to previously reported halogenases. The Mediterranean species Aplysina aerophoba harbored unique halogenase sequences, of which the most predominant was related to a sponge-associated Psychrobacter-derived sequence. In contrast, the Caribbean species shared numerous novel halogenase sequence variants and exhibited a highly similar bacterial community composition at the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level. Correlations of relative abundances of halogenases with those of bacterial taxa suggest that prominent sponge symbiotic bacteria, including Chloroflexi and Actinobacteria, are putative producers of the detected enzymes and may thus contribute to the chemical defense of their host.
Assembly processes of waterbird communities across subsidence wetlands in China: A functional and phylogenetic approach
Li, Chunlin ; Zhang, Yong ; Zha, Daode ; Yang, Sen ; Huang, Zheng Y.X. ; Boer, Willem F. de - \ 2019
Diversity and Distributions 25 (2019)7. - ISSN 1366-9516 - p. 1118 - 1129.
assembly process - environmental filtering - functional diversity - phylogenetic diversity - subsidence wetland - waterbird assemblage
Aim: Although assembly processes have been studied in a wide range of taxa, determining assembly rules remains controversial, particularly in assemblages consisted of species with strong dispersal capacities. Moreover, few studies focused on communities in recently human-created habitats. We tested two prevailing but opposing hypotheses, environmental filtering and limiting similarity, in waterbird communities across subsidence wetlands created by underground coal mining in China, with an aim to better understand assembly processes in communities composed of highly mobile species in human-dominated landscape. Location: The North China Plain. Methods: We quantified taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of the waterbird assemblages in different seasons and compared the mean pairwise distances (MPD) and the mean nearest taxon distances (MNTD) with null models to examine whether co-occurring species were clustered or overdispersed on the functional dendrogram or phylogenetic tree. Independent contributions of multi-scale habitat variables therein were determined using a hierarchical partitioning method. Results: We showed asynchronous patterns of seasonal dynamics among the multiple diversity metrics, with highest species diversity during autumn migration. Generally, the co-occurring species were functionally and phylogenetically clustered. Habitat variables had stronger effects on the functional structure than on the phylogenetic structure of the communities. The degree of functional clustering increased in older and larger wetlands, while the assemblages shifted from functional clustering to overdispersion with increasing habitat diversity, landscape connectivity and human disturbance. Main conclusions: The waterbird assemblages were mainly structured by environmental filtering, and the assembly processes were significantly affected by habitat variables, with stronger effects on functional diversity. Our study highlights the importance of environmental filtering and habitat variables in structuring assemblages dominated by species with high dispersal capacities and suggests that increasing habitat diversity and reducing disturbances will contribute to waterbird conservation in this human-dominated landscape.
sPlot – A new tool for global vegetation analyses
Bruelheide, Helge ; Dengler, Jürgen ; Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja ; Purschke, Oliver ; Hennekens, Stephan M. ; Chytrý, Milan ; Pillar, Valério D. ; Jansen, Florian ; Kattge, Jens ; Sandel, Brody ; Aubin, Isabelle ; Biurrun, Idoia ; Field, Richard ; Haider, Sylvia ; Jandt, Ute ; Lenoir, Jonathan ; Peet, Robert K. ; Peyre, Gwendolyn ; Sabatini, Francesco Maria ; Schmidt, Marco ; Schrodt, Franziska ; Winter, Marten ; Aćić, Svetlana ; Agrillo, Emiliano ; Alvarez, Miguel ; Ambarlı, Didem ; Angelini, Pierangela ; Apostolova, Iva ; Arfin Khan, Mohammed A.S. ; Arnst, Elise ; Attorre, Fabio ; Baraloto, Christopher ; Beckmann, Michael ; Berg, Christian ; Bergeron, Yves ; Bergmeier, Erwin ; Bjorkman, Anne D. ; Bondareva, Viktoria ; Borchardt, Peter ; Botta-Dukát, Zoltán ; Boyle, Brad ; Breen, Amy ; Brisse, Henry ; Byun, Chaeho ; Cabido, Marcelo R. ; Casella, Laura ; Cayuela, Luis ; Černý, Tomáš ; Chepinoga, Victor ; Csiky, János ; Curran, Michael ; Ćušterevska, Renata ; Dajić Stevanović, Zora ; Bie, Els De; Ruffray, Patrice de; Sanctis, Michele De; Dimopoulos, Panayotis ; Dressler, Stefan ; Ejrnæs, Rasmus ; El-Sheikh, Mohamed A.E.R.M. ; Enquist, Brian ; Ewald, Jörg ; Fagúndez, Jaime ; Finckh, Manfred ; Font, Xavier ; Forey, Estelle ; Fotiadis, Georgios ; García-Mijangos, Itziar ; Gasper, André Luis de; Golub, Valentin ; Gutierrez, Alvaro G. ; Hatim, Mohamed Z. ; He, Tianhua ; Higuchi, Pedro ; Holubová, Dana ; Hölzel, Norbert ; Homeier, Jürgen ; Indreica, Adrian ; Işık Gürsoy, Deniz ; Jansen, Steven ; Janssen, John ; Jedrzejek, Birgit ; Jiroušek, Martin ; Jürgens, Norbert ; Kącki, Zygmunt ; Kavgacı, Ali ; Kearsley, Elizabeth ; Kessler, Michael ; Knollová, Ilona ; Kolomiychuk, Vitaliy ; Korolyuk, Andrey ; Kozhevnikova, Maria ; Kozub, Łukasz ; Krstonošić, Daniel ; Kühl, Hjalmar ; Kühn, Ingolf ; Kuzemko, Anna ; Küzmič, Filip ; Landucci, Flavia ; Lee, Michael T. ; Levesley, Aurora ; Li, Ching Feng ; Liu, Hongyan ; Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela ; Lysenko, Tatiana ; Macanović, Armin ; Mahdavi, Parastoo ; Manning, Peter ; Marcenò, Corrado ; Martynenko, Vassiliy ; Mencuccini, Maurizio ; Minden, Vanessa ; Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold ; Moretti, Marco ; Müller, Jonas V. ; Munzinger, Jérôme ; Niinemets, Ülo ; Nobis, Marcin ; Noroozi, Jalil ; Nowak, Arkadiusz ; Onyshchenko, Viktor ; Overbeck, Gerhard E. ; Ozinga, Wim A. ; Pauchard, Anibal ; Pedashenko, Hristo ; Peñuelas, Josep ; Pérez-Haase, Aaron ; Peterka, Tomáš ; Petřík, Petr ; Phillips, Oliver L. ; Prokhorov, Vadim ; Rašomavičius, Valerijus ; Revermann, Rasmus ; Rodwell, John ; Ruprecht, Eszter ; Rūsiņa, Solvita ; Samimi, Cyrus ; Schaminée, Joop H.J. ; Schmiedel, Ute ; Šibík, Jozef ; Šilc, Urban ; Škvorc, Željko ; Smyth, Anita ; Sop, Tenekwetche ; Sopotlieva, Desislava ; Sparrow, Ben ; Stančić, Zvjezdana ; Svenning, Jens Christian ; Swacha, Grzegorz ; Tang, Zhiyao ; Tsiripidis, Ioannis ; Turtureanu, Pavel Dan ; Uğurlu, Emin ; Uogintas, Domas ; Valachovič, Milan ; Vanselow, Kim André ; Vashenyak, Yulia ; Vassilev, Kiril ; Vélez-Martin, Eduardo ; Venanzoni, Roberto ; Vibrans, Alexander Christian ; Violle, Cyrille ; Virtanen, Risto ; Wehrden, Henrik von; Wagner, Viktoria ; Walker, Donald A. ; Wana, Desalegn ; Weiher, Evan ; Wesche, Karsten ; Whitfeld, Timothy ; Willner, Wolfgang ; Wiser, Susan ; Wohlgemuth, Thomas ; Yamalov, Sergey ; Zizka, Georg ; Zverev, Andrei - \ 2019
Journal of Vegetation Science 30 (2019)2. - ISSN 1100-9233 - p. 161 - 186.
biodiversity - community ecology - ecoinformatics - functional diversity - global scale - macroecology - phylogenetic diversity - plot database - sPlot - taxonomic diversity - vascular plant - vegetation relevé
Aims: Vegetation-plot records provide information on the presence and cover or abundance of plants co-occurring in the same community. Vegetation-plot data are spread across research groups, environmental agencies and biodiversity research centers and, thus, are rarely accessible at continental or global scales. Here we present the sPlot database, which collates vegetation plots worldwide to allow for the exploration of global patterns in taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity at the plant community level. Results: sPlot version 2.1 contains records from 1,121,244 vegetation plots, which comprise 23,586,216 records of plant species and their relative cover or abundance in plots collected worldwide between 1885 and 2015. We complemented the information for each plot by retrieving climate and soil conditions and the biogeographic context (e.g., biomes) from external sources, and by calculating community-weighted means and variances of traits using gap-filled data from the global plant trait database TRY. Moreover, we created a phylogenetic tree for 50,167 out of the 54,519 species identified in the plots. We present the first maps of global patterns of community richness and community-weighted means of key traits. Conclusions: The availability of vegetation plot data in sPlot offers new avenues for vegetation analysis at the global scale.
Data from: The evolutionary legacy of diversification predicts ecosystem function
Yguel, Benjamin ; Jactel, H. ; Pearse, Ian S. ; Moen, Daniel ; Winter, M. de; Hortal, J. ; Helmus, Matthew R. ; Kühn, I. ; Pavoine, S. ; Purschke, Oliver ; Weiher, Evan ; Violle, C. ; Ozinga, W.A. ; Brändle, Martin ; Bartish, I. ; Prinzing, Andreas - \ 2016
Wageningen University & Research
community ecology - evolutionary history - lineage-through-time plots - phylogenetic diversity - productivity - species coexistence
The Rdata files are simulated phylogenies and lineage through time plot of these simulated phylogenies, used in Yguel et al. 2016 AmNat. The code to extract the LTT plot from the phylogenies is given in the Appendices of the article as well as the method used to make these simulations.The name of the Rdata file indicates which simulation the file is refering to. The Excel files contain measures of phylogenetic structure of these simulated phylogenies (Measure phylogenetic structure parameters on simulated phylogenies.xlsx) and phylogenies of the experimental communities used in the article (Measure phylogenetic structure parameters on Cadotte Zanne phylog.xlsx). The code to calculate a1, a2, a3, and to measure S1 and S2 are given in the method of the article. In all excel files, a1 a2 a3 are the polynomial parameters fitted on the LTT plots. S1 and S2 are respectively ES1 and ES2, the "elderness surface" presented in the article. MPD, MNTD, gamma, and Colless are the common phylogenetic structure measurement (see also method), and invNRI and invNTI the standardized version of MPD and MNTD. RichSpe or Sps correspond to the species richness. PlotID corresponds to the identification of the plot. Mean19962007 corresponds to the mean productivity from 1996 to 2007.
Species richness, but not phylogenetic diversity, influences community biomass production and temporal stability in a re-examination of 16 grassland biodiversity studies
Venail, P. ; Gross, K. ; Oakley, T.H. ; Narwani, A. ; Allan, E. ; Flombaum, P. ; Isbell, F. ; Joshi, J. ; Reich, P.B. ; Tilman, D. ; Ruijven, J. van; Cardinale, B.J. - \ 2015
Wageningen UR
biodiversity - community biomass - data-synthesis - ecosystem functioning - grasslands - phylogenetic diversity - relatedness stability
1.Hundreds of experiments have now manipulated species richness of various groups of organisms and examined how this aspect of biological diversity influences ecosystem functioning. Ecologists have recently expanded this field to look at whether phylogenetic diversity among species, often quantified as the sum of branch lengths on a molecular phylogeny leading to all species in a community, also predicts ecological function. Some have hypothesized that phylogenetic divergence should be a superior predictor of ecological function than species richness because evolutionary relatedness represents the degree of ecological and functional differentiation among species. But studies to date have provided mixed support for this hypothesis. 2.Here, we re-analyze data from 16 experiments that have manipulated plant species richness in grassland ecosystems and examined the impact on aboveground biomass production over multiple time points. Using a new molecular phylogeny of the plant species used in these experiments, we quantified how the phylogenetic diversity of plants impacts average community biomass production as well as the stability of community biomass production through time. 3.Using four complementary analyses we show that, after statistically controlling for variation in species richness, phylogenetic diversity (the sum of branches in a molecular phylogenetic tree connecting all species in a community) is neither related to mean community biomass nor to the temporal stability of biomass. These results run counter to past claims. However, after controlling for species richness, phylogenetic diversity was positively related to variation in community biomass over time due to an increase in the variances of individual species, but this relationship was not strong enough to influence community stability. 4.In contrast to the non-significant relationships between phylogenetic diversity, biomass, and stability, our analyses show that species richness per se tends to increase the mean biomass production of plant communities, after controlling for phylogenetic diversity. The relationship between species richness and temporal variation in community biomass was either positive, non-significant or negative depending on which analysis was used. However, the increases in community biomass with species richness, independently of phylogenetic diversity, always led to increased stability. These results suggest that phylogenetic diversity is no better as a predictor of ecosystem functioning than species richness. 5.Synthesis. Our study on grasslands offers a cautionary tale when trying to relate phylogenetic diversity to ecosystem functioning suggesting that there may be ecologically important trait and functional variation among species that is not explained by phylogenetic relatedness. Our results fail to support the hypothesis that the conservation of evolutionarily distinct species would be more effective than the conservation of species richness as a way to maintain productive and stable communities under changing environmental conditions.
Intensive agriculture reduces soil biodiversity across Europe
Tsiafouli, M.A. ; Thébault, E. ; Sgardelis, S. ; Ruiter, P.C. de; Putten, W.H. van der; Birkhofer, K. ; Hemerik, L. ; Vries, F.T. de; Bardgett, R.D. ; Brady, M. ; Bjornlund, L. ; Bracht Jörgensen, H. ; Christensen, S. ; Herfelt, T. D'; Hotes, S. ; Hol, W.H.G. ; Frouz, J. ; Liiri, M. ; Mortimer, S.R. ; Setälä, H. ; Stary, J. ; Tzanopoulos, J. ; Uteseny, C. ; Wolters, V. ; Hedlund, K. - \ 2015
Global Change Biology 21 (2015)2. - ISSN 1354-1013 - p. 973 - 985.
food-web structure - land-use intensity - taxonomic distinctness - community structure - phylogenetic diversity - arthropod communities - temporal variability - 7-year period - ecosystem - management
Soil biodiversity plays a key role in regulating the processes that underpin the delivery of ecosystem goods and services in terrestrial ecosystems. Agricultural intensification is known to change the diversity of individual groups of soil biota, but less is known about how intensification affects biodiversity of the soil food web as a whole, and whether or not these effects may be generalized across regions. We examined biodiversity in soil food webs from grasslands, extensive, and intensive rotations in four agricultural regions across Europe: in Sweden, the UK, the Czech Republic and Greece. Effects of land-use intensity were quantified based on structure and diversity among functional groups in the soil food web, as well as on community-weighted mean body mass of soil fauna. We also elucidate land-use intensity effects on diversity of taxonomic units within taxonomic groups of soil fauna. We found that between regions soil food web diversity measures were variable, but that increasing land-use intensity caused highly consistent responses. In particular, land-use intensification reduced the complexity in the soil food webs, as well as the community-weighted mean body mass of soil fauna. In all regions across Europe, species richness of earthworms, Collembolans, and oribatid mites was negatively affected by increased land-use intensity. The taxonomic distinctness, which is a measure of taxonomic relatedness of species in a community that is independent of species richness, was also reduced by land-use intensification. We conclude that intensive agriculture reduces soil biodiversity, making soil food webs less diverse and composed of smaller bodied organisms. Land-use intensification results in fewer functional groups of soil biota with fewer and taxonomically more closely related species. We discuss how these changes in soil biodiversity due to land-use intensification may threaten the functioning of soil in agricultural production systems.
Approaches to defining a planetary boundary for biodiversity
Mace, G.M. ; Reyers, B. ; Alkemade, R. ; Biggs, R. ; Stuart Chapin, F. ; Cornell, S.E. ; Diaz, S. - \ 2014
Global environmental change : human and policy dimensions 28 (2014). - ISSN 0959-3780 - p. 289 - 297.
plant functional traits - global biodiversity - ecosystem services - phylogenetic diversity - tree mortality - tipping points - conservation - extinction - time - biosphere
The idea that there is an identifiable set of boundaries, beyond which anthropogenic change will put the Earth system outside a safe operating space for humanity, is attracting interest in the scientific community and gaining support in the environmental policy world. Rockstrom et al. (2009) identify nine such boundaries and highlight biodiversity loss as being the single boundary where current rates of extinction put the Earth system furthest outside the safe operating space. Here we review the evidence to support a boundary based on extinction rates and identify weaknesses with this metric and its bearing on humanity's needs. While changes to biodiversity are of undisputed importance, we show that both extinction rate and species richness are weak metrics for this purpose, and they do not scale well from local to regional or global levels. We develop alternative approaches to determine biodiversity loss boundaries and extend our analysis to consider large-scale responses in the Earth system that could affect its suitability for complex human societies which in turn are mediated by the biosphere. We suggest three facets of biodiversity on which a boundary could be based: the genetic library of life; functional type diversity; and biome condition and extent. For each of these we explore the science needed to indicate how it might be measured and how changes would affect human societies. In addition to these three facets, we show how biodiversity's role in supporting a safe operating space for humanity may lie primarily in its interactions with other boundaries, suggesting an immediate area of focus for scientists and policymakers.
Advancing the understanding of biogeography-diversity relationships of benthic microorganisms in the North Sea
Sapp, M. ; Parker, E.R. ; Teal, L.R. ; Schratzberger, M. - \ 2010
FEMS microbiology ecology 74 (2010)2. - ISSN 0168-6496 - p. 410 - 429.
16s ribosomal-rna - gradient gel-electrophoresis - microbial community composition - continental-shelf sediments - coastal marine-sediments - wadden sea - bacterial communities - sp-nov. - callianassa-subterranea - phylogenetic diversity
Knowledge on the spatial distribution of prokaryotic taxa is an essential basis to understand microbial diversity and the factors shaping its patterns. Large-scale patterns of faunal distribution are thought to be influenced by physical environmental factors, whereas smaller scale spatial heterogeneity is maintained by species-specific life-history characteristics, the quantity and quality of food sources and local disturbances including both natural and man-induced events. However, it is still not clear which environmental parameters control the diversity and community structure of sedimentary microorganisms mediating important ecosystem processes. In this study, multiscale patterns were elucidated at seven stations in the Oyster Ground, North Sea (54°4'N/4°E), 100 m to 11 km apart. These were related to biotic (e.g. multicellular organisms) and abiotic parameters (e.g. organic carbon content in the sediment) to establish the relationship between the distribution of both bacterial and archaeal communities and their environment. A relatively high variability was detected at all scales for bacterial and archaeal communities, both of which were controlled by different suites of biotic and abiotic environmental variables. The bacterial community consisted mainly of members belonging to the Gammaproteobacteria and the Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria group. Members of the Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria also contributed to the bacterial community. Euryarchaeota formed the majority of archaeal phylotypes together with three phylotypes belonging to the Crenarchaeota
Novel multilocus sequence typing scheme reveals high genetic diversity of human pathogenic members of the Fusarium incarnatum-F. equiseti and F. chlamydosporum species complexes within the United States
O'Donnell, K. ; Sutton, D.A. ; Rinaldi, M.G. ; Gueidan, C. ; Crous, P.W. ; Geiser, D.M. - \ 2009
Journal of Clinical Microbiology 47 (2009)12. - ISSN 0095-1137 - p. 3851 - 3861.
fungus aspergillus-fumigatus - vitro antifungal resistance - phylogenetic diversity - ginseng fields - contact-lens - susceptibility - identification - recognition - polymorphism - infections
Species limits within the clinically important Fusarium incarnatum-F. equiseti and F. chlamydosporum species complexes (FIESC and FCSC, respectively) were investigated using multilocus DNA sequence data. Maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood analyses of aligned DNA sequences from four loci resolved 28 species within the FIESC, within which the species were evenly divided among two clades designated Incarnatum and Equiseti, and four species within the FCSC. Sequence data from a fifth locus, ß-tubulin, was excluded from the study due to the presence of highly divergent paralogs or xenologs. The multilocus haplotype nomenclature adopted in a previous study (K. O'Donnell, D. A. Sutton, A. Fothergill, D. McCarthy, M. G. Rinaldi, M. E. Brandt, N. Zhang, and D. M. Geiser, J. Clin. Microbiol. 46:2477-2490, 2008) was expanded to all of the species within the FIESC and FCSC to provide the first DNA sequence-based typing schemes for these fusaria, thereby facilitating future epidemiological investigations. Multilocus DNA typing identified sixty-two sequence types (STs) among 88 FIESC isolates and 20 STs among 26 FCSC isolates. This result corresponds to indices of discrimination of 0.985 and 0.966, respectively, for the FIESC and FCSC four-locus typing scheme using Simpson's index of discrimination. Lastly, four human and two veterinary isolates, received as members of the FIESC or FCSC, were resolved as five phylogenetically distinct species nested outside these species complexes. To our knowledge, these five species heretofore have not been reported to cause mycotic infections (i.e., F. armeniacum, F. brachygibbosum, F. flocciferum, and two unnamed Fusarium species within the F. tricinctum species complex)
A two-locus DNA sequence database for typing plant and human pathogens within the Fusarium oxysporum species complex
O'Donnell, K. ; Gueidan, C. ; Sink, S. ; Johnston, P.R. ; Crous, P.W. ; Glenn, A. ; Riley, R. ; Zitomer, N.C. ; Colyer, P. ; Waalwijk, C. ; Lee, T. van der; Moretti, A. ; Kang, S. ; Kim, H.S. ; Geiser, D.M. ; Juba, J.H. ; Baayen, R.P. ; Cromey, M.G. ; Bithel, S. ; Sutton, D.A. ; Skovgaard, K. ; Ploetz, R. ; Kistler, H.C. ; Elliot, M. ; Davis, M. ; Sarver, B.A.J. - \ 2009
Fungal Genetics and Biology 46 (2009)12. - ISSN 1087-1845 - p. 936 - 948.
vegetative compatibility groups - f-sp cubense - fragment-length-polymorphisms - intergenic spacer region - genetic diversity - ribosomal dna - fungus fusarium - discontinuous distribution - phylogenetic diversity - nectria-haematococca
We constructed a two-locus database, comprising partial translation elongation factor (EF-1a) gene sequences and nearly full-length sequences of the nuclear ribosomal intergenic spacer region (IGS rDNA) for 850 isolates spanning the phylogenetic breadth of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC). Of the 850 isolates typed, 101 EF-1a, 203 IGS rDNA, and 256 two-locus sequence types (STs) were differentiated. Analysis of the combined dataset suggests that two-thirds of the STs might be associated with a single host plant. This analysis also revealed that the 26 STs associated with human mycoses were genetically diverse, including several which appear to be nosocomial in origin. A congruence analysis, comparing partial EF-1a and IGS rDNA bootstrap consensus, identified a significant number of conflicting relationships dispersed throughout the bipartitions, suggesting that some of the IGS rDNA sequences may be non-orthologous. We also evaluated enniatin, fumonisin and moniliformin mycotoxin production in vitro within a phylogenetic framework.


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JEBS have continued their specialist involvement with JT, and have completed the mechanical installation in connection with their new Rue des Pres Data Centre. This has involved the further installation of 12 No. 73Kw 4 No. 28 Kw CRAC units, control & interface systems, ventilation plant and gas extract systems including water supply and auto shut off facility. This works all being undertaken on a working site and with interfaces to existing systems.
JT Rue des Pres Data Centre (£610,700)
Your business
Electrical services & infrastructure
Power distribution, temporary supplies, low energy systems, design, inspectionsFind out more
Your home
Electrical Services large and small
A few extra sockets or a complete rewire and new circuitsFind out more

subset: commoncrawl


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The Republican-controlled House of Representatives has permitted federal tax dollars to continue flowing to Planned Parenthood—the nation's leading abortion provider—for six years since the Republicans took back control of the House in 2011, after their victories in the 2010 elections.
Every appropriations bill enacted since 2011 that could either have permitted or prohibited funding of Planned Parenthood has permitted it.
Article 1, Section 9, Clause 7 of the Constitution says: "No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law." As a result, unless the House of Representatives enacts legislation that permits money to be drawn from the Treasury and given to Planned Parenthood, no federal money can go to Planned Parenthood.
According to a report published this month by the Congressional Research Service, Planned Parenthood received $553.7 million in tax dollars from federal, state and local governments in the year that ended on June 30, 2015.
The Emergency Election Sale is now live! Get 30% to 60% off our most popular products today!


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'Depo-Provera and HIV transmission: WHO to trust'
Concerns about Depo-Provera and increased rates of HIV transmission are of vital importance to women's health, especially to those at high risk of HIV acquisition. Despite compelling evidence of a Depo-Provera-HIV link and regulatory bodies' unclear guidance around the method's use, distribution of the inject-able contraceptive has been on the rise.
For instance, in 2017 the Indian government began offering free Depo injections through its public health system, despite opposition from women's and health groups in India. Since 2008, a public-private partnership has tested and distributed the Sayana Press, which delivers a lower dosage formulation of Depo-Provera, in countries including Uganda, Senegal and Niger.
In this DifferenTakes, scholar C. Sathyamala critically examines an 'Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes' (ECHO) trial, which aimed to conclusively answer the Depo-Provera-HIV question.
The author argues that the results of trial, which ended in 2019, add to the existing evidence that Depo-Provera increases the risk of HIV transmission. She challenges the World Health Organization's June 13 statement reporting "no link." This stance, she argues, dangerously misrepresents the study's findings and, further, disregards key critical challenges, including those from AIDS and reproductive justice activists.
As the author argues, the World Health Organization guidance fails to appropriately warn users of the potential risk associated with Depo-Provera use and wrongly concludes that it is "safe."
- Researcher
- More information
Read the full article - 'Depo-Provera and HIV transmission: Who to trust'


text: LONDON – One of Britain's most popular comediennes and actresses, Maureen Lipman, has indicated that she is considering leaving the country because of the increasing levels of anti-Semitism.Lipman, 68, famous in the UK for brilliant portrayals of a semi-neurotic Jewish mother in a series of television advertisements for British Telecom during the 1980s and 1990s, was being interviewed on a London Broadcasting Company program discussing anti-Semitism in the context of Tuesday's Holocaust Memorial Day when she expressed her concerns at the situation in the UK."When the going gets tough, the Jews get packing... It's crossed my mind that it's time to have a look around for another place to live. I've thought about going to New York, I've thought about going to Israel," she said.Asked about the fears of Jews in France in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo shootings and the attack on a kosher supermarket, Lipman explained that it was not just in France where Jews felt threatened."When the economy dries up, then they turn on the usual scapegoat: the usual suspect – the Jew. There is one school of thought that says it's because of Israeli policies in the West Bank, but it isn't. There's been anti-Semitism for the past 4,000 years," she said.


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Dalmatian Jasper and Red Jasper Beads
Limited edition
Vintage brass half oval with Dalmatian Jasper cabochons and Red Jasper teardrop and flower beads. Sterling silver posts and backs. 1/2" x 2".
Care: keep dry and clean with a jewelry cloth to protect the finish. A sunshine cloth is provided to help keep your jewelry looking new.
Gift wrapping is available! Simply click the box for gift wrap on the checkout page- you can even leave a message for the recipient! Gift receipts will be included with all orders that request gift wrap.
Orders $45 and over will receive free domestic first class shipping! This offer does not apply to international orders. International orders are shipping via USPS Priority Mail flat rate only. Michelle Starbuck Designs is not responsible for any customs fees.


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Choosing the Best Hospital for Your Family
Looking for a hospital is a big decision. You may feel even more pressure if you're looking for a hospital for your whole family. If you're interested in the hospitality industry, you might be surprised that doctors should always follow many of the same standards that the hospitality industry follows. Here are five tips to help you find the right doctor for your loved ones.
Listen to Word of Mouth
Word of mouth is the equivalent to reputation. Does the hospital have a good reputation? While you can check for reviews online, it may help you to talk to others. Listen to people who have opinions that you can trust. If you have friends or loved ones that frequent the hospital, then you should feel free to ask them why. Find out if the hospital would be a good fit for your family.
Ask others how hospitable the staff is. Bedside manner is important! For patients to have a positive experience, they have to be around doctors that treat them fairly and with kindness. going to the hospital can be extremely stressful. While doctors and nurses may not have an online masters in hospitality management, they do need to think about hospitality.
Consider Location
Location matters when you're looking for a hospital. If someone in your family has an emergency, then you want to spend the least amount of time on the road as possible. While you might choose a hospital that it is at more of a distance if the closest hospital has poor reviews, you should still try to stay in the general area of your home. This will make appointments easier to get to. You should never stress about the length of time that it might take you to arrive at the doctor's office or at the hospital.
Focus on Effectiveness
Find out how effective the care is at the hospital. You want to walk away from an appointment knowing that the doctors have your best interests in mind and that they are providing you with the best possible care. If you know the clinical guidelines, then it's crucial that you make sure the hospital follows them. You deserve the best possible care.
Look for Safety Measures
How does the hospital handle safety? You should look into safety measures and the standard of care. For instance, look into the statistics of patient falls, of mortality rates and of wrong diagnosis. While all hospitals will have some room for error, you need to make sure that he hospital is not unsafe compared to the average facility. Additionally, you should look for hospitals that provide top of the line care and use world-class equipment and facilities.
Many hospitals have a checklist to help provide the best possible care and safety to patients.
Research the Doctors
Look into the staff before you decide on a hospital! Most hospital websites will provide you with a list of their staff and doctors. From there, you can research their education and background. It may also help to ask about specific doctors with those who have been to the hospital before. This can give you an idea of whether you will get along with the medical staff at the hospital. When it comes to you and your family's health, you have to be as comfortable as possible in the company of the doctors.
When it comes to hospitals, everyone has stress when it comes to finding a new doctor. This is someone that you have to be able to trust with your health. When you're looking for a doctor for your entire family, you have to think about everyone. Will there be doctors that can handle your medical conditions? Will you be comfortable there? Ask yourself a series of questions about the hospitals on your list before you choose one. Once you have it narrowed down, you can choose the best possible facility for you and your family.


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For a very long time, we got tons of requests for an Auto Trader review post, a shortlist for the best auto traders, as our posts about the best crypto signals and the best BitMEX signals got a legendary status. However, it is really not easy to test them all, but I decided to make you a list of my favorites and the different kind of auto trader software solutions/tools that are common right now. After all, I am often asked which crypto signal provider offers which auto trading solution. Here is an overview – if you just want the info, just skip to the bottom for an "At – a – Glance table".
Today is a special day – two of the groups we are working with for a very long time merged to one 4C-Trading. CryptoMedics and Crypto Addicts fused and personally I think this was a great decision for their customers. There are no other two serious trading/signal companies that would complement so well with each other. We are currently checking everything out, and observe how the fusion works out, so we are preparing a new review for you guys right now. Until then, please check out which advantages you -as a customer- can expect from this merge:


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Blue Kyanite, like Citrine, is one of the two crystals found on Mother Earth that neither accumulates nor retains negative energy. This means it never needs cleansing and can be used to cleanse and clear other crystals. It facilitates open, honest, and authentic communication and permits a better flow of energy to assist in self-expression and communication. Blue Kyanite is a high vibrational stone and is linked to spiritual expansion. It raises your consciousness and therefore strengthens your connection to your truest, highest self.
Chain measures 50cm and is made from stainless steel.
Stainless steel does not rust, turn green or mark the skin, however please remove before showering or swimming and avoid spraying perfume, hairspray or applying moisturiser directly onto the necklace, in order to preserve the lustre.


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SIOUX FALLS, S.D. (KELO) — As we age, keeping active becomes crucial to staying independent.
Regular strength exercises can help prevent the loss of muscle mass and diseases like osteoporosis according to the CDC.
Physical exercise is good for you no matter your age, but as you get older staying active becomes increasingly important. Avera Fitness member Rachel Person is 44 and says her kids are her motivation to stay active.
"As I age I do want to still stay strong and healthy and be able to be active and if I have grandkids to be able to be on the floor playing with them, those kind of things," Person said.
About a year ago Person had a total hip replacement.
"It really made me realize how important it was going into the surgery to have the strength already there in place and same thing for long term, like how do people do this that are 80 or 90 and going through the same thing," Person said.
Avera Fitness trainer Kamberlyn Lamer says weight training can slow the loss of muscle mass while helping you maintain your independence as you age.
"You're going to be able to have a better balance, you'll have better reaction time, so if you do trip you'll be able to catch yourself better, you'll have that strength," Lamer said.
Even just two or three 30 minute sessions of weight training can significantly improve your strength according to Mayo Clinic.
"You can start from two times a week to go up to 4 times a week, you know it's not really limited. It's just based on how much you want to put into it," Lamer said.
And no matter how heavy your weights are Lamer says proper technique is crucial to prevent injuries.
Another way to prevent injuries is by warming up for 5 to 10 minutes before lifting weights.
Person encourages everyone to incorporate weight training into their routine.
"Just pickup the smallest weight and start there and increment up as you can. I mean nobody's here looking at how much you're lifting or how much you're doing. It's just each person for them self, you're really competing against yourself and making yourself a better person," Person said.
For more information on how weight training benefits you and how to get started, click here.


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Do You Want to Build Your Own Website?
You have a fantastic business idea, or you already have a bricks and mortar store.
Now you want this business to go live on the internet with a business website.
Does This Sound Like You?
You don't know how to get started.
You are a brand new business with tight funds
You don't have any technical skills.
You don't have thousands of pounds to spend on a design agency to build a website for you.
You would like to be in control of your own design and content.
Could This Be A Solution?
A step by step guide to building your own WordPress business website.
At the end of our course, your website is live on the internet, ready for you to start selling your service or product.
You will be able to manage and update your own website, make changes and edit your products.
Have constant access to our WordPress support forum.
Lifetime access to all course materials and lessons in the members' area of our website.
Courses We Offer
Build Your Own WordPress Website
From naming your Domain to hosting your website, creating pages and posts to writing relevant content, by the end of this course you will have your own "live" secure WordPress website on the internet
Local Search Engine Optimisation
Local SEO is a different strategy from SEO. As Google realises the potential of more and more people using their mobile phones for all sorts of searches, Google wants to present to them the most relevant results with respect to their position on the planet if it senses that the user is making a local search.
Search Engine Optimisation
If your site is fully understood by the internet browsers it will gain a higher ranking/position on the Google search engine results page (SERP). If you get to page one your click-through traffic will increase.
Google My Business GMB
Having a Google Business Page Improves Your Business' Local Search Visibility as you will be found in local map results. If you want your business to be found by people carrying out locally-based searches, then it is vital for your business to appear in these local map results.
Other Services We Offer
Website Design & Build
We can design and develop your website. A brochure website, an E-commerce website or a membership site we have you covered. Get your small business website noticed online
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Struggling with Google Ads, Pay Per Click Advertising? We can get your small business competing with the big brands on page one of Google.
SEO Management
We offer Search Engine Optimisation to get your website ranking higher in Google listings. For a monthly fee, we take care of all your on-page, off-page and technical SEO.
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So you don't have time to look after your social media accounts? Or you want to advertise on social media but don't know how then let us manage your social media accounts.
Learn From The Comfort of Home!
Self-Paced Learning
A key advantage to enrolling in a Vision Marketing online course is that you can complete your training in your own time and fit into your own busy schedule.
You can set your own pace. Recorded Video lessons, and written content, make it easy for anyone with an internet connection to access everything they need.
It's accessible
Being a member online enables you to study from anywhere in the world.
This means there's no need to commute from one place to another.
It's more cost-effective than traditional education.
Unlike in-person education methods, Vision Marketing online courses are more affordable.
There's also a range of payment options letting you pay in instalments, per class or for the full course.
Don't forget you also save time and money from the commute to a classroom.
Here your classroom is your bedroom, living room, home office or even in your small business.
Chat with us if
you have any questions or you would like us to take a look and advise on any project you have at present.
Please give us a call or drop us an email, we are always happy to help


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Cleo Gambrel
|Bio Statement
|I'm a 37 years old, married and study at the college (Greek and Roman Culture). In my spare time I learn Vietnamese. I've been there and look forward to go there anytime soon. I like to read, preferably on my beloved Kindle. I like to watch Psych and NCIS as well as docus about nature. I love Handball. Also visit my page :: ベラジョンカジノ


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By Steven B. Kayne
This publication offers a pragmatic advent and is a reference resource for all of the significant complementary and substitute medicinal drugs. Complementary scientific remedies at the moment are more and more renowned and the general public call for for info and therapy is starting to be swiftly. it really is as a result crucial that each one pharmacists have strong wisdom of the most features of complementary treatments as they're assembly increasingly more sufferers who wish suggestion and therapy with replacement therapies.This e-book presents a pragmatic advent and reference resource at the items most often asked in group pharmacies and in hospitals. Chapters on different complementary treatments equivalent to therapeutic massage also are incorporated for info in order that pharmacists may give knowledge-based recommendation to the public.Additionally CAM is now a vital part of each MPharm direction within the united kingdom and of the drugstore measure path within the united states. the former variation has been followed through universities either within the united kingdom and the united states. certainly within the united kingdom, this can be an important textbook that incorporates all features of CAM lined within the MPharm measure.
Read or Download Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2nd Edition PDF
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Medicine is present process quick swap. within the outdated global, you common ideas and medical professionals handled you in keeping with wide, one-size-fits all ideas. during this new golden age, you'll be capable of take complete benefit of the newest clinical findings and leverage the facility of know-how to customise your care. merely those that know the way to entry and adapt to those breakthroughs—without being distracted through hyped rules and undesirable medicine—will gain. think with the ability to get healthy and shed extra pounds with out weight loss plan, teach your immune method to struggle melanoma, edit your DNA to prevent a undeniable destiny, erase the chance of a center assault, opposite getting older, and be aware of precisely which medicinal drugs to take to optimize health and wellbeing with 0 unwanted side effects.
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Extra info for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2nd Edition
Sample text
Who practises IM versus CAM? Healthcare professionals The term 'integrative medicine' refers more to a form of practice by western-trained and -licensed physicians and allied health professionals who add CAM treatments into an otherwise 'conventional' practice than it does to any specific type of intervention as such. IM providers are typically medical doctors or nurse practitioners, whereas CAM practitioners could be licensed conventional providers or naturopaths, acupuncturists or doctors of oriental medicine, chiropractors, osteopaths, hypnotherapists, professional homeopaths, or laypeople performing self-care or alternative healthcare for clients.
Practitioner 1986;230:1053–4. House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology. Complementary and alternative medicine, 6th report 1999–2000 [HL123]. London: The Stationery Office, 2000. Lampert N, Ernst E, Moss RW. Complementary and alternative medicine. (Letter) Lancet 2001;357:802. Dharmananda S. Controlled Clinical Trials of Chinese Herbal Medicine: A review. Oregon: Institute for Traditional Medicine, 1997. Sheehan MP, Rustin MHA, Atherton DJ et al. Efficacy of traditional Chinese herbal therapy in adult atopic dermatitis.
Geriatrics 2005;60(9):24–5. Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW et al. Adverse interactions between herbal and dietary substances and prescription medications: a clinical survey. Altern Ther Hlth Med 2007;13(2):30–5. Charrois TL, Hill RL, Vu D et al. Community identification of natural health product-drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother 2007;41:1124–9. Singh SRLM. Potential interactions between pharmaceuticals and natural health products in Canada. J Clin Pharmacol 2007;47:249–58. Gabardi S, Munz K, Ulbricht C.


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On the HTC EVO 4G LTE, I'd like to change settings so that I don't have to go in and change them each time I turn on the camera.
Specifically, I'd like to change the "Camera scene" to "Macro". The way to set that each time is Camera, then click the Camera Icon in corner of screen, Scene Selection pulldown, scroll down, select Macro. Too many steps to do almost every time I turn on the camera.
Alternatively, I could use a desktop icon that turned on the camera into that mode for me.
Thanks for the post. Have you taken a look into the settings menu? I can take a closer look into this for you.
Sprint Social Care
Unfortunately, there is no way to store the settings. So you have ot resort to changing it everytime you launch the camera. Might be able to do it with a 3rd party camera, but the LTEVO doesn't allow it.
Thanks for asking. Yes I looked into settings menu and didn't find it.
I saw online that other phones (HTC One, for example) have similar features "Scene Selection" "Macro" etc. So this may apply or the answer may be found in discussions of other similar Android / HTC phones.
Thanks smotrs. I was searching Google Play Store for camera apps but haven't located or tried any yet.
I'm having a different type of problem and was wondering if there was some kind of update to the camera software. I no longer can see the heading "Main Camera" in the settings and I no longer see the option to change the image resolution of the still cameras. About three weeks ago I could change the resolution under the heading "Image Resolution". It gave the standard options such as 640 x 480, 1280 x 720 and so on. Now the menu starts with the heading "Self Timer" then "Aspect and Resolution". When I pop the drop down menu under "Aspect and Resolution", I see Large 16.9 under "Aspect and Resolution" then "Widescreen" with a radio button which enables a setting of 16.9 or 4.3. Under that is listed the headings: Large, (3264 x 1840), Medium, (2592 x 1456) and Small, (2048 x 1152). Is this an update and is this supposed to be an improvement? The video setting seems to be the same. In HD.
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Puzzle games ,Wooden Brain Teaser Puzzle KongMing Lock"Dragon Wagging Tail" as Gift for Kids/Adults ,Birthdays, Valentine's day, Easter, Christmas,DIY Present Packing (4.7cm4.7cm4.7cm)
View on AMAZON
5.00 / 5
(8 Reviews)
The corners of all the cubes are rounded and that makes for very smooth operation;
It is generally easy to dismantle but difficult to install. We need to observe and think carefully, and analyze its internal structure;
It can relax, develop the brain, flex fingers . It is leisure toys for all ages, and has a significant effect for the cultivation of children\'s space imagination and focus ! Best gift for anyone,it is a portable toy to play at metro/train/home/school/office,anywhere you like;
Whether KongMing Lock is difficult or easy, participation is the most beautiful thing;
\"Like Kongming\" Kongming Locks are made of wood, there is a little wood smell, you will also find a little sawdust,this is normal; The first time you open it, it will be tight, then will slowly loose, this is normal.
Write Review
Ariel Richardson
Really fun
20 Nov, 2017
a fun little puzzle that's nice to have out on your living room table for guests to try and figure out! Once you have figured out this cute wooden puzzle, you will feel really occomplished. It&r...
read more »
Shayler Coultes
Awesome brain puzzle
30 Oct, 2017
So when I first got this I trick my son by telling him that it was a wooden Rubik's Cube and then I let him think he broke it. But then I filled him in on the truth he hasn't stopped messing w...
read more »
Simone Brothers
This one is tough!!
24 Sep, 2017
"Dragon Wagging Tail" Brain Teaser Puzzle – Once you get this unraveled, good luck putting it back together! Definitely not a quick resolution. This puzzle is currently on...
read more »
Meghan Katowitz
Great Game
22 Sep, 2017
This little toy is a lot of fun. It is really hard! It's definitely a great toy for an adult or older child. I got this for my husband and he still hasn't figured it out, but...
read more »
tasha hensley
Big Hit
19 Sep, 2017
I purchased this for my kids. I have 4 children ranging from 11 to 2 years old. Every single one of them have found this puzzle fun in one way or another. My kids make up games and i...
read more »
Tim Richardson
Keeps them busy for hours!!!
13 Sep, 2017
I wanted to put something on my desk that gave folks something to do as they waited for me. I am often busy on calls or other meetings when folks come visit. I put this on my desk and everyone plays w...
read more »
Ami Vanderhoff
tricky! and FUN!!!!
10 Sep, 2017
This LITTLE cube puzzle was quite tricky to do.It comes in cube form in a little box and shrink wraped. Once you open it pay attention to how you open it. That isthe easy part. I had to use the enclos...
read more »
Susan Koutalakis
Like KongMing puzzle games - SO FUN!
07 Sep, 2017
When I first recieved the Like KongMing puzzle, my first reaction was that I thought I'd get bored of this in about two seconds flat. I am SO GLAD I was wrong. This little wooden cube is so much f...
read more »
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My first order and I was very impressed by the speed of delivery. Ordered on the 14th, arrived on the 16th and we are on Rural Delivery. Amazing, thank you!
Nature's Sunshine Calcium Magnesium Complex
Nature's Sunshine Calcium Magnesium Complex
The more items you add (of the same product) the bigger the discount! Learn moreAdd to Wishlist
Nature's Sunshine Calcium–Magnesium Complex recognises that these two minerals have a natural affinity, and when ingested together in proper proportion are utilized more efficiently by the body.
Nature's Sunshine Calcium–Magnesium Complex recognises that each of these minerals depends on the other for proper assimilation in the body. Calcium is essential to the health of bones, teeth and muscles, and it plays an essential role in blood clotting, nerve conduction and many cellular functions. Receiving adequate calcium is important to prevent osteoporosis.
Magnesium is an integral part of more than 300 enzymes in the body and, with calcium, affects nerve and muscle functions. More than 80 percent of the natural magnesium in grains is lost by removal of the germ and outer layers during food processing.
Calcium and magnesium have a natural affinity and when ingested together in proper proportion, they are utilized more efficiently by the body.
This product provides nutrients that support and maintain the structural system, supports the maintenance of a balanced pH and supports the circulatory system.
This combination also includes vitamin D, known to facilitate the absorption of calcium, as well as phosphorus, zinc, copper and boron.
* Provides nutrients that support the structural system and aids in the maintenance of
teeth, bones,
tendons and skin.
* Supports the maintenance of a balanced pH.
* May offer benefits to the circulatory system.
Each 2 tablets contains: Vitamin D 150IU, Calcium (amino acid chelate, di-calcium phosphate) 400mg, Phosphorus (di-calcium phosphate) 290mg, Magnesium (oxide) 200mg, Zinc oxide 4mg, Manganese 2mg, Copper gluconate 1mg. Proprietary blend 100mg - Broccoli flower, Carrot root, Red beet root, Rosemary leaf, Tomato fruit, Turmeric root, Cabbage leaf, Bioflavonoids from orange, grapefruit & hesperidin. Other ingredients: Cellulose (plant fibre), Potato flour, magnesium stearate (vegetable) and silicon dioxide.


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CorbinFisher.com: Bryce Fucks Ellis - Demi - Corbin Fisher (1920 x 1080p 771.38 Mb)
- Date: 27-06-2019, 04:41
- Category: Gay Video
- >>
Superhot freshman Bryce gets into some dirty play with Ellis and Demi and loves every minute of it! Demi gets on all fours, hungry to take dick from both ends. Ellis fucks her first, while she sucks Bryce's cock. Then she sits on Bryce's face while she and Ellis makeout and split Bryce's cock, lapping up each thick inch. Demi leans back and tells Ellis to ride Bryce's dick. While Bryce takes care of them from below, they get to watch the other get off from above. With his ass stuffed with Bryce's cock, Bryce drilling up from below, Ellis gets his dick sucked by Demi. With all this happening together, you know what's coming. Ellis blows a thick load all over Bryce's abs. Bryce flips him over and fucks him hard from behind as Ellis's own cum drips down onto his ass. Deep and forceful, Bryce looks so hot with every single muscle clenched and flexed, grunting and fucking until he blows his juicy load!
Gays Star: Bryce Fucks Ellis Demi
Gays Title: Corbin Fisher
Gays Studio: CorbinFisher.com
Length: 771.38 Mb
Duration: 00:17:24
Video: AVC, 1920x1080, (16:9), 29.97 Fps, 6001 Kbs


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Urban Farming, Africa Style
Author: Richard Farrell | Published on: September 7, 2016
When I was in junior school in Cape Town in the late fifties / early sixties, 'grand apartheid' had not yet kicked in. While schools and buses already had racial segregation, we lived in an integrated suburb comprising different cultures some of whom set their gardens aside for agriculture.
The government's final solution included separating the races, and passing stricter urban planning rules. These prohibited all forms of business on residential plots, including keeping livestock and agriculture. We emerged as a free country in 1994. Ten years later, the Tshwane University of Technology Centre for Organic and Smallholder Agriculture reported that 48% of the people still lived below the breadline.
Many of these have abandoned their traditional homes in the hinterland, and trekked to South African metropolitan municipalities in hope of a better life. They congregate in vast squatter camps the government tries to replace with starter houses. The people continue to stream in. Demand will grow faster than supply until entrepreneurship replaces social dependence.
This change has started. On 11 March 2016 David Olivier, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Global Change and Sustainability Research Institute, University of the Witwatersrand posted a paper titled 'Uprooting Patriarchy: Gender and Urban Agriculture on South Africa's Cape Flats'. The Cape Flats is a low-lying area around Cape Town Airport between the Cape Town mountain massif and the hinterland.
Geologically speaking, the area is essentially a 'vast sheet of aeolian sand, ultimately of marine origin, which has blown up from the adjacent beaches over a period of the order of a hundred thousand years.' In the summer, blistering winds blast the sand against your legs. In the winter, every winter, there are floods.


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A5 Video Brochure with built in cable housing.
Another Video Brochure project by the Media Plant team! This time around, it's a little different.
A Video Brochure with a difference
This particular Video Brochure needed to be sleek and allow users to recharge it and use it time and time again.
They also wanted to be able to swap out the video content, by keeping the branding generic, they could change the video content via the USB cable.
Now due to the nature of our Video Brochure solution, recharging is no problem (all our brochures are rechargeable), the client wanted a way to house the cable inside the unit.
Step-up Media Plant, our suggestion of incorporating the USB charging cable in a recess directly below the 7 inch HD IPS screen worked a treat.
The unit closes nicely, is compact and the charging cable fits very nicely indeed. An excellent looking piece ready for the clients intended audience.
Video Brochure specification
With a 7 inch HD IPS screen (IPS means viewable from any angle) three function buttons incorporating a play/pause button and volume up and volume down control.
Explicit instruction on the USB charging port with "Recharge here" (just in case!) and of course the cable snuggly fit inside a custom foam fitment.
It's a beauty, and we're rather proud of it here at Media Plant.
If your business is looking into Video Brochures for a future campaign or you'd like more information, please don't hesitate to call us on 01793 863901, not the talkative type?
In a hurry? Use the cunningly placed contact form below, give us some details, and we will be in touch.


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Used 2017 Chevrolet Traverse LT VIN 1GNKVHKDXHJ157833 Stock Number DT20114B
Market Value $20,839
SAFETY FIRST, THEN TEAMWORK. Communicate your way: whether over the phone, through email, text message or via video chat, were here to handle your needs in a manner that does not compromise your safety.........Test drive your way: our team will gladly provide you a closer look at any vehicle youre interested in via video chat, or we can bring the vehicle straight to your door...........Trade appraisal your way: on the lot, or on your front lawn, our team can assess the value of your trade on the spot........Purchase your way: we can guide you through the buying process remotely, or deliver the final paperwork straight to you, wherever is most convenient........ Measures to Protect You-- Enhanced cleaning and disinfecting procedures for all high-trafficked areas, surfaces and equipment........Team Members are following rigorous handwashing procedures through their shift and interactions. Black AWD. 2017 Chevrolet Traverse 2LT 2LT AWD 4D Sport Utility 3.6L V6 SIDI 6-Speed Automatic Awards: * 2017 KBB.com 10 Most Awarded Brands Reviews: * Smooth ride even when the road isn't can accommodate up to eight passengers plenty of cargo space behind the third row peace of mind that comes with top safety scores. Source: Edmunds


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Valentino Rossi Turns 30 Today, February 16th 2009
Valentino Rossi, MotoGP Motorcycle Racer, Turns 30 Today, February 16th 2009.
The Fiat Yamaha rider has had an immensely successful career to date, winning eight world championships, 97 races and becoming the most successful premier-class rider of all time. As he enters his 14th season in the world championship, his sixth with Yamaha, he is still the dominating force in the sport, having recaptured the title in typically exciting style last season.
AGV GP-Tech 5 Continents | Rossi Helmet
Motorcycle Helmet
Just released from AGV (now part of Dainese) is the latest Valentino Rossi-replica helmet. The helmet that Rossi helped design includes his iconic sun and moon graphics on AGV's latest and most technologically advanced racing helmet.
Michael Toschi Moto | Valentino Rossi
Michael Toschi created the buzz at our Concours d' Elegance, at the Portola Plaza Hotel in Monterey, Calif., during MotoGP weekend with the introduction of various high-end leather goods and accessories. This collection included motorcycle boots, shoes, shirts, and, of course, the ultimate moto jacket.
Jaeger-LeCoultre Valentino Rossi 46
One of the world's fastest men on a motorcycle, eight-time MotoGP World Champion Valentino Rossi is tough to catch; nevertheless, luxury watch manufacturer Jaeger-LeCoultre caught him long enough to collaborate with Rossi on a series of "46"-themed watches.


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Open letter: It's time for concrete action
September 27, 2019
This open letter, adapted for a public audience, is a version of a letter delivered to Kathleen Cramer, interim vice president of student life, and G. Christine Taylor, associate provost for diversity, equity and inclusion, by graduate students in the University of Alabama Department of Gender and Race Studies on Friday, Sept. 27.
To the Students, Faculty, and Staff of the University of Alabama,
We, the graduate students of the Department of Gender and Race Studies (GRS) at the University of Alabama, are troubled with the resignation of Dr. Riley and its aftermath. We are displeased, yet not surprised, by the lack of action and response from the University. Students, faculty, and staff are hurting and have made their grievances known, yet the administration has failed to respond in a satisfactory way. From protests in which Dr. Bell refused to listen to locked doors that should have never been closed, it is evident that the University does not care for its students of color.
As graduate students in GRS, we feel the need to move from academia to action. The nature of our work is not only scholarship but strategy to be employed in times of turmoil. The time is now and we will not rest until we see significant change. As individuals who have dedicated our lives to deconstructing oppressive systems, it is assumed that we will know exactly what the University needs to do to right its wrongs. Frankly, we do have a vision and we know what should happen next. However, therein lies the problem.
When moments of blatant anti-Blackness occur on campus, it is to the GRS faculty and staff that the University turns. While we have the desire to help, we are purposefully understaffed and underpaid. Sitting in numerous meetings with figures such as Dr. Bell, Dr. Cramer, Dr. Taylor, and Dr. Hood have not proven fruitful. It is not in our job description to come up with a plan for how administration must move forward. It is, however, in theirs. The administration has the ability to say they are doing their jobs by simply meeting with us, instead of making the concrete changes that are being demanded. We will no longer play the game by attending meetings to present ideas and demands to an administration that has no intention of acting.
The time for meetings is over. Our demands are clear and a timeline has been set. It is up to our administration to create the campus we signed up for when we committed to attend. It is time for diversity, equity, and inclusion to become things we do and have instead of words we say. It is time for students of color to come to this campus without fear of anti-Blackness marring their experience. It is time for faculty and staff to have the safety of sharing the matters of their scholarship and position without fear of persecution by groups who are and are not affiliated with the University.
Although we refuse to do uncompensated work for administration, we are in full support of students, faculty, and staff who are dissatisfied with the current campus climate. We will not be silent, instead we will lend our voices where they matter most. We will not waste our time in meetings in conference rooms, but will connect and collaborate with the community.
As our last act with administration, we have given a list of our demands (found below) directly to Dr. Cramer and Dr. Taylor on Friday, September 27th at two o'clock in the afternoon. We have given a two week deadline for a definitive plan of action from the University. In the meantime and thereafter, we will work and we will fight with those who wish to see the end of anti-Blackness at our University.
Against All Forms of Oppression,
Gender and Race Studies Graduate Students
The Demands:
- We require that the demands of the Black Faculty and Staff Association are met.
- We require that the demands of the We Are Done movement, which were originally released in 2015, are addressed in full.
- We demand that the Dean of Students position be filled with a candidate whose previous experience is similar to the work experience of Dr. Riley, with a specific commitment to anti-racist work.
- We demand that the Vice President for Student Life position be filled with a candidate whose previous experience demonstrates a specific commitment to anti-racist work.
- We demand that the University institute and enforce a zero-tolerance policy for acts of racism on campus.
- We demand that the University cease exploiting students of color by using their images in marketing materials in an attempt to present the campus as more diverse than it is.
- We demand that the University provide public and material support to the Department of Gender and Race Studies in the form of:
- A concrete timeline to reach ten professorships on the tenure track in the Department in order to build a PhD program
- Increased funding for graduate students in the Department so that more graduate students can enroll, graduate assistants are paid a living wage, and students can attend more than one partially funded conference a year
- Public support and celebration of the work done in the Department
Editor's Note: CW news editor Rebecca Griesbach is a graduate student in the Department of Gender and Race Studies. She did not have a part in the writing or delivering of this letter.


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Road To Tomintoul
Scottish Country Dance InstructionROAD TO TOMINTOUL (R8x32) 3C (4C set) Beryl McGhee Imperial 3
1- 8 1s cross RH, cast 1 place, turn 1st corner LH into 2nd place in prom hold with 1st corner
9-16 1s+1st Corners dance reel of 4 with 2nd corners (passing RSh to 4th corners) to end 1s in 2nd place opposite sides facing 1st corners
17-24 1s set to 1st corner, turning about set to 2nd corner and turn RH to end BtoB Man facing up and Lady down
25-32 1s dance Crown Triangles to end 2nd place own sides
(MINICRIB. Dance crib compiled by Charles Upton, Deeside Caledonian Society, and his successors)
Keith Rose's Crib Diagrams
Dance InformationTomintoul (pronounced "tom-in-towel") (meaning Hillock of the Barn) is a village in the Moray council area of Scotland.
The village was laid out on a grid pattern by the 4th Duke of Gordon in 1775. It followed the construction, twenty years previously, of a military road by William Caulfeild - now the A939.
Tomintoul Looking Down The Main Street A939
Dance information licensed under this Creative Commons Licence 3.0.
Text from this original Tomintoul article on Wikipedia.
Image copyright Tom Richardson under this Creative Commons Licence 2.0.
Back to the top of this Scottish Country Dancing Instructions 'Road To Tomintoul' page


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48 Samsung UE48H6400 Full HD 1080p Freeview HD Smart 3D LED
- Graded : Grade A
- Picture : Football Mode , 3D TV Ready , 2D-3D , 400Hz
- Smart : Samsung Smart Hub , BBC iPlayer/YouTube , Smart TV , BBC iPlayer, ITV Player etc , Quad Core Processor
- Connectivity : 4 HDMI
- Guarantee Period : 12 Months
- Tuner : Freeview HD
- Brand : Samsung
- Other : Ultra Slim
- Samsung Interaction : S Recommendation + Voice Interaction
- USB Port : 3 x USB 2.0
Featured accessories
HDMI cables
- Product Details
- Specifications
- Similar Items
- What is graded stock?
- How to buy
With 400HZ picture processing rate and awesome contrast ratio the picture quality on this 48H6400 is crisp and sharp.
Powering this UE48H6400 is a Quad Core Processor making using this LED TV quick and easy.
With built in freeview HD channels you can enjoy well over a hundred tv channels and some HD channels at no extra cost.
Throw in a intuitive Smart TV hub on this UE48H6400 with access to all the catch up services, youtube, facebook netflix and more, and you have a really fantastic all round package!
Do not miss out on this awesome deal from Electronic World TV, the nations home of cheap tvs!
Also known as:
Full Product Specification
- Picture
- Television Type : LED
- Football Mode
- Pixel Resolution : 1920 x 1080p
- Full HD 1080p : Yes
- 3D TV Ready
- 400Hz
- Contrast Ratio : Mega Contrast
- Smart
- Samsung Smart Hub
- Samsung Content Library
- BBC iPlayer/YouTube
- Smart TV
- Skype
- BBC iPlayer, ITV Player etc
- Quad Core Processor
- Samsung Interaction : S Recommendation + Voice Interaction
- Connectivity
- Inegrated WiFi adaptor
- RGB Enabled Scart Sockets : 1
- HDMI Connection : 4
- USB Port : 3 x USB 2.0
- Scart Sockets : 1
- S- Video Connection : Yes
- AV Inputs : Front AV Inputs
- Headphone Socket : Yes
- Sound System
- Dolby Digital Plus
- DTS Sound System
- SRS Speaker System
- Bass Boost
- - Dolby Digital Plus/Pulse - DTS Studio Sound - DTS Premium Audio 5.1 DTS 2.0 + Digital Out
- Audio Power Output (RMS) : 10 Watts
- Other
- Progressive Scan
- AllShare
- Components
- DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance)
- Wireless LAN adaptor
- Optical Digital Audio Output
- Electronic Programme Guide
- Wall Mountable
- Ultra Slim
- Auto Set Up
- Eco Flower
- Super Clear Panel
- On Screen Display
- Game Mode
- 3D Noise Reduction
"Graded" televisions are items that High Street retailers can't sell on for various reasons. This may be because the TVs are surplus stock, end of line/discontined models, 30 day customer returns, unwanted gifts, or items with damaged packaging.
When the TVs come into us at Electronic World they are technically tested, processed, repackaged and offered for sale. Before sale, all televisions undergo a comprehensive quality control process by our engineers. In the majority of cases the item will be supplied with its original packaging and will be "as new" - the items we sell are not used. If the original packaging is not supplied we will supply other secure packaging to keep the TV well protected in transit.
All TVs sold on this website carry a 12 month 'return to base' warranty provided by ourselves (unless otherwise stated). Our guarantee on all of our products demonstrates our confidence in each and every product we sell. Upon collection the TV is unwrapped and you are given a demonstration of the TV for your peace of mind. This really is an amazing way to save hundreds off "Brand New" prices without sacrificing any of the quality or performance!
There are 3 easy ways to buy:
Home delivery:
- We have now started delivering right to your door! Alternatively you can collect free of charge from one of our 7 branches (see steps below)
- Not all items are available for home delivery, however, for example plasma televisions due to weight restrictions and clearance items. Items available for home delivery will have the 'delivery available' icon visible on the specific product page just above the price.
- You can pay in full online and follow the steps on the website, charges will be added to your order when 'standard delivery' option is selected.
- Alternatively, you can pay in full over the phone via our sales team available on 0121 769 2623.
- Delivery can take a minimum of 2 working days, depending on stock availability.
Please note: We can only deliver to the card billing address for security reasons. If delivery address and card address do not match we may ask to see ID to confirm your identity and/or address. This can be done by via email.
Pay online and collect:
- Click on "Buy Now" which will take you to the shopping basket. Follow the details online.
- You will be asked to select 1 of the 6 Electronic World depots from where you would like to collect your TV (see the 'Store Locator' on the bottom right corner of the website for more details on the 6 Electronic World locations).
- Follow the step by step payment pages to complete your order.
- We will transfer your TV free of charge to your chosen Electronic World depot and will telephone you to arrange a mutually convenient time for you to collect your purchase. You should take the card you paid with, and proof of name and address details with you when you go to collect (driving license/house bill/bank statement). The TV will be demonstrated to you and then it is yours to take away!
Please note: Failure to produce the card and relevant ID means we are unable to release goods on collection.
Pay a deposit over the phone and remaining balance on collection:
- Ring our dedicated sales team on 0121 769 2623 (During office hours Monday-Saturday 9am-5.30pm) to pay a £50 deposit by credit/debit card over the phone. This will reserve the TV for you.
- We will transfer the TV free of charge to your choice of Electronic World depot and will telephone you to arrange a mutually convenient time for you to collect your purchase.
- You can pay the balance on collection by cash or credit/debit card. You should take the card you paid with and proof of name and address details with you when you go to collect (driving license/house bill/bank statement). The TV will be demonstrated to you and then it is yours to take away! Please note: Failure to produce the card and relevant ID means we are unable to release goods on collection
Please note your credit/debit card WILL NOT BE CHARGED until we have arranged the transfer of the TV to your chosen Electronic World branch. We DO NOT charge for items that are out of stock until the item is in stock and arrangements for collection have been made.
There is free parking outside each Electronic World depot
Please see the FAQ page for more information on buying from us


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Kristin O'Donnell Tubb is the author of The 13th Sign (Feiwel & Friends/Macmillan 2013, Square Fish/Macmillan 2014), Selling Hope (Feiwel & Friends/Macmillan 2010) and Autumn Winifred Oliver Does Things Different (Delacorte Press/Random House 2008). In February 2016, she released John Lincoln Clem: Civil War Drummer Boy (written as E.F. Abbott; Feiwel & Friends/Macmillan), and in summer 2017, look out for Miss Daisy's Job ( Katherine Tegen Books/HarperCollins).
Tubb can be found far too often on Facebook (www.facebook.com/kristin.tubb) and Twitter (https://twitter.com/#!/ktubb). Oh, and she has a website, too:www.kristintubb.com.


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By Keffyalew Gebremedhin – The Ethiopia Observatory (TEO)
- Before Barack Obama arrived in East Africa last July, the TPLF crooks orchestrated some military action, spending lots of money and human lives. They claimed quick victory and that there was no longer any Al-Shabab anymore in Somalia.
There you have it, barely two months since Acting Governor of Lower Shabelle Ali Nur has now confirmed to Al Jazeera "fighters have taken El Saliindi and Kuntuwarey in country's southwest. This happened just last Friday!


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Advantages of Full-Time Job over weigh Freelancing
The full-time job is better than Freelancing. This blog will compare both of them.
Added by : Mukund Rajpal
The full-time job is better than Freelancing. This blog will compare both of them.
Common Workers have own importance at the workplace. They are the true leaders because they are responsible for the major tasks in any organization.
Self-satisfaction is needed to be away from the stress which is due to the unanswered questions
The world of wearing Branded clothes .... sorry sorry I mean first copy
The press man , a guy who makes you Gentlemen....
The time when your teacher brief your behaviors to your parents, the time which we really want to avoid.
The process of putting "OTHERS" responsible for the mistakes done by you.
Nowadays digital marketing is increasing day by day because it has become more important in our world. In our world variety of people and they all care about certain issues to varying degrees.


text: 1. What is your classroom management plan and what do you hope to accomplish with it? Think about your teaching style and personality surrounding management. Are you more hands-on or hands-off as a teacher? How passionate and active are you? Talk to the interviewer about your classroom management abilities and what has worked best for you in the past. This question is a great time to ask the interviewer if this school has preferences on classroom management techniques used in the classroom: Some good ideas for the classroom management: 1) Set management goals - rate students' performances as a class each day. 2) Never punish an entire class. 3) Show students it pays to behave - incentives usually work! 4) Establish routines. 5) Give students options. Example #1: "I'm a big proponent of keeping things predictable to manage my classroom. Before each class, I write down the day's schedule on the board so I can always go to the next thing when students are getting off-track and let them know what I intend to cover before class starts and ends. I also find this keeps me from being distracted by poorly behaved students, allowing me to stay on track with the lesson plan." Example #2: "My classroom management plan includes giving students options when it comes to how they like and need to learn. I feel that if they feel they are active participants in their education, they will be more engaged in the process as a whole. Could you share with me some of your school's preferences when it comes to classroom management and style?" Example #3: "I feel that an overall air of encouragement and positivity is the best way to manage a class, I have worked closely with my students over the years to ensure that they feel a classroom is a safe place for them to present ideas, questions, and concepts. When a classroom runs as a cohesive group, I feel that everyone gives their best."


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NOTICE: Venues need your support more than ever during the ongoing coronavirus crisis. But please be aware that some special restrictions may apply, opening hours may be different from those displayed here, and some venues may not be able to re-open at all. Before visiting any venue, we strongly advise you to check its website or social media, or get in touch with them first to avoid disappointment.
You can check for local restrictions that may affect venues here
If you see any details here that need updating, please let us know by submitting feedback on the pub.
Crown Inn
6 Church Street
Social Links
- Visit Crown Inn on Facebook
Opening Times
|Midday - Midnight
|Midday - Midnight
|Midday - Midnight
|Midday - Midnight
|Midday - Midnight
|Midday - Midnight
|Midday - Midnight
About the Pub
This corner pub was built by Hardy's Kimberley Brewery in 1913 to replace a nearby pub demolished for road widening; a very faded sign survives on the roof tiles: 'HARDY'S ALES'. Large 'j' shaped bar leads to smaller dining room which goes onto the attractive beer garden. It offers six handpulled beers, mostly sourced from local breweries such as Full Mash and The Marlpool Brewing Company. A bright and spacious pub which also offers bed and breakfast. Carvery on Sundays and steak night Thursdays.Weekends have live bands and other entertainment.
Regular cask ales
No beers listed Add regular beers
Changing cask ales
This pub serves many changing beers.
Six guest beers.
- Real Ale Available
- Quiet Pub
- Disabled Access
- Lunchtime Meals
- Evening Meals
- Pub Garden
- Parking
- Dog Friendly
- Accommodation
- Smoking Area
- Wifi
View on Larger Map
Crown Inn
6 Church Street
Sat Nav Reference
- Close to Bus Routes
Nearby Bus Routes (< ½ mile)
Submit Pub Feedback to CAMRA
We welcome the help of all users to contribute to this important campaigning project. Please use the form below to submit feedback or updates directly to the CAMRA branch for consideration.
Please note that any changes mentioned WILL NOT have an immediate effect on whatpub.com but will instead be emailed directly to the CAMRA branch Pubs Officer for consideration. If you provide your name and/or email address this information will also be visible to the Pubs Officer, who may use this information to follow up your feedback. IF YOU WISH TO CONTACT THE PUB DIRECT, PLEASE DO NOT USE THIS FORM.


text:
Spike Lee is utilizing his right to free speech by denouncing those who support President Donald Trump.
The Oscar-winning filmmaker took to his Instagram on Monday to admonish a group of publicly outspoken supporters of Trump who prayed inside the nation's White House.
"Massa, We Love You, Massa. We Gonna Pray Fo' You Massa". Singing – "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot" the "BlacKkKlansman" director wrote alongside an image taken last Thursday that shows the likes of Lynette Hardaway and Rochelle Richardson, also known as "Diamond and Silk," comedian Terrence Williams and a number of others with their hands placed on Trump's shoulders.
During the event, Trump spoke out in support of the black community "in every field, every generation and every calling," adding that "African-Americans have lifted up our nation to new heights — and, like all citizens, you are entitled to a government that puts your needs, your interests, and your families first."
Trump has seen a stout bump in support among the black community with a recent survey determining the president's favor had risen by 50 percent, largely due to the fact many black voters have grown unhappy with the Democratic party.
Despite the reported increasing support for Trump from the black community, Lee's outspoken remarks were responded to by many in agreement but also a great deal who took umbrage with his approach.
"Just can't accept the fact that there's black people who support trump," one of Lee's followers commented in response to the post. "Lee loses his mind anytime another black person wanders off the plantation," wrote another.
Meanwhile, many in agreement with Lee jumped to his defense.
"When will we ever learn that tap dancing for massa has no value or brings nothing to our community," said one commenter. "This picture is appalling in more ways than one. We need to unite on the front of getting this clown out of office Simple and plain!"
Among those in attendance for the demonstration were actor Isaiah Washington, World Boxing Champion Andre Berto, activist and conservative commentator Candace Owens, former NFL player Jack Brewer as well as Black Voices for Trump advisory board members Paris Denard, Deneen Borelli and David Harris Jr.
Author: Julius Young
Source: Fox News: Spike Lee likens black Trump supporters to house slaves in White House prayer photo