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While most of my attention is presently focused on tonight's Packer game, I wanted to throw out a few thoughts from last night's AZ/MN game.
- I picked AZ to win last night and was a bit surprised more people didn't do this. AZ is a very hot team right now and their defense is evolving nicely under Billy Davis – their capable new D-Coordinator. Last night, the defense looked very sharp – and of course their offense remains so difficult to defend with those WRs and great pass blocking by Tim Hightower (great comments by Chris Collinsworth on this by the way). Warner also just looks good – and already smart player who has the luxury of being able to rely on the talent of his WRs.
- AP should have had more than 13 carries. I know he only had a shocking 19 yards with those 13 carries and the MN line was dinged – but he's way to good to not eventually break one. The far bigger problem, however, with taking him out of the game like they did was that the MN offense became one-dimensional and the AZ defense was quite content to just drop back and expect passes.
- Favre didn't look great last night. It was the first time this season I saw that "we're going to lose this game" look on his face – and it appeared in the 3rd quarter before they had truly lost.
- It would be nice if this were the start of a slide – even a mini-slide. The Vikes needed their confidence shaken and I think a few more losses will accomplish this nicely.
- I hate the Vikings, yes, but last night I felt pretty badly for EJ Henderson. He's a very good player who is key for the Vikes and he's obviously done for the year now. Besides the injury just being disgusting, I felt badly that he was in major pain (I've heard breaking your femur is high on the list of most painful injuries). Losing Henderson may be extra painful for the Vikes though – especially for the stretch run…a time when historically, they are known to collapse.


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Tahmina Kohistani's Olympics lasted exactly 14 and 42/100ths of a second.
The 23-year-old student from Kabul University in Afghanistan — she lists her hobby for the official media fact sheet as "writing poetry" — finished last in her preliminary event and did not advance. It was the end of an eight-year journey through war, tribulation and suffering. And perhaps the beginning of another.
Never mind that Kohistani's time was a personal best, the fastest 100-metre race she had ever run. It was the slowest in her event and in the eyes of those consumed by "Own the Podium" values and the idea that medals are what the Olympic Games are all about, Kohistani joined the army of faceless "losers" who go unremarked by most of my colleagues in the podium-obsessed sports media.
Kohistani is the only female athlete from Afghanistan to compete in the 2012 Olympic Games.
View photos of Olympic champions without medals here.
Considering that Kohistani even managed to get there as a woman from a country convulsed with misogynistic violence intended to oppress and intimidate her gender – women are routinely attacked for the crime of seeking an education; she had to train with a bodyguard and endure public insults for her immodesty — she sounds like a winner to me.
More than 50 women have been murdered in Afghanistan over the last five months, most of them for offending the "honour" of men, including Hanifa Safi, the country's head of women's affairs, who was killed by a bomb planted in her car just weeks before the Games began.
So for Kohistani to compete in the full glare of media scrutiny required courage of a different order of magnitude than we usually apply to athletes struggling with adversity caused by injury or accident or bad luck or inadequate funds or questionable officiating.
There there's Arezou Hakimimoghaddam, the 17-year-old kayaker from the Islamic Republic of Iran, one of only eight female athletes to attend the Olympics from yet another misogynistic regime that throws up near-insurmountable obstacles to its women.
Restrictions in Iran include a prohibition on female athletes having male coaches or trainers; access to training facilities is not permitted for women if men are present; women aren't even allowed to watch from the stands if men are present in the stadium.
One female rugby player in Iran described the complicated and repressive restrictions imposed by the state on female athletes as "mental torture" and given the outbreak of a Twitter campaign vilifying female Saudi athletes as "Olympic whores," it's easy to see why.
Hakimimoghaddam was eliminated from her event in the 500-metre sprint by one and 85-100ths of a second, a tiny margin by comparison with the gulf she had to overcome just to make the starting line. And so, another "loser" who didn't make the medals? I don't think so.
In fact, if there's a loser in this, it's we in the media.
First, for promoting the narcissistic culture of triumphalism in which we devote most of our attention to medal winners and so little to those others who compete, and who by competing give meaning to the victors. In failing to recognize that not all champions stand on the medal podium, we fail sport and our readers.
Second, we lose by perpetuating an illusion that sport is somehow divorced from the politics and social culture in which it is nurtured. When athletes like Kohistani and Hakimimoghaddam actually make it to the Olympic starting line, coming from where they have, under the circumstances they must overcome, their presence is as much a fact of gender politics and social reform as it is one of athletics.
Kohistani told German public radio, one of the few media outlets to pay much attention to her, that she's studying to be a teacher, that she hopes one day to open a sports academy in Kabul, that she went to London to inspire young Afghan girls to take up sport in spite of the obstacles they face, and that if she could achieve this, if she could help her war-torn country make the transition to more modern, more tolerant values, it would be worth more than any gold medal.
Not all Olympic champions stand on the podium. Some finish last.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text: I have determined my TCs using several nights of data and have also calculated the s.d. of each TC. In most cases, the errors are between 0.01 and 0.02 for each filter. The question is how to include the s.d. for the TCs in my total error for each variable star measurement. All other sources of error (s.d. of the variable from several images, SNR of the variable, comp star errors, etc.) are added in quadrature to obtain the total error. However, adding the TC errors in quadrature with the other errors doesn't seem to be correct. Since applying the TCs to the instrumental mags has only a small effect on the data, the additional error seems to be a fraction of the error of the TC. For example, a TC with a s.d. of 0.02 mag adds about 0.005 to 0.01 mag of error to the final variable star measurement. What is the proper way to calculate the contribution of the TC error to the total error?


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Modern Wedding Cakes Gregory Hills
Traditional wedding cakes are so beautiful; their classical designs and shapes can be simply stunning. But you want something different, something edgy and unique that will bring a quality to your special day. Some truly original and exciting modern wedding cakes Gregory Hills designs include the use of the following elements:
Bold Styles
Shake things up by having geometric designs piped onto the cake. Fondant spikes, polka dots, bold and colourful marzipan flowers, and asymmetrical shapes will all give interest and appeal to your dessert. You can also use architectural elements in the creation of your modern wedding cakes Gregory Hills or even vertical ribbons and art deco designs. Layers of cupcakes can even form the main part of this special pastry. Form geometric shapes for each of the layers. You can balance them slightly off-centre or have satellite cakes expanding out from one main layer.
Soft pastels used to be the most acceptable and utilized colours for modern wedding cakes Gregory Hills. Today, anything goes. Black and white, red, dark purple, navy blue, hot pink, orange, or even multiple bright tones are becoming more popular options for those seeking their own special look. Choose what you love, not what is popular at the moment. This is your day and you should make every effort at instilling the personalities of the happy couple into the modern design.
White, yellow, and chocolate flavours used to be the most commonly used flavours with fillings of strawberry, raspberry, or just plain icing. Now cake designers are getting bolder with truly original flavours such as coffee, mocha, mango, or pineapple. Many may opt for several layers with multiple flavour choices for the many guests with varied tastes.
Choice of Topper
What can really make your creation stand out is your choice in cake toppers. An inverted brandy glass with a tiny bride and groom inside, a stiffly posed plastic couple, a cluster of fresh flowers, or a pair of doves are all very traditional and sweet, but there are so many options out there that can make your cake much more up-to-date. Silhouettes of the couple, a city of the area that they live in, a logo from the colleges that they graduated from, or even uniquely coloured and highly unusual fresh flowers such as spider mums or sunflowers can make an astonishing presentation.
Display Methods
If your modern wedding cakes Gregory Hills fall slightly short of being the modernistic pastry that you desire, never fear. Methods of displaying cakes can make a huge difference in the overall presentation. Utilize square mirrors, clear glass or stainless steel cubes, glass stands, plaster columns, and elegant backdrops to bring your creation to the level you desire.
As you can clearly see, it is possible to express yourself through modern wedding cakes Gregory Hills. Guests will be stunned by the intricate and original design as well as the rich, moist taste of the many layers. Be open-minded and extremely creative when it comes to this important piece of your reception. This modern wedding cakes Gregory Hills will be a special reminder and a symbol of the unique and adventurous life the two of you have before you.
For more information on our wedding cakes in Gregory Hills or you would like to order then please call 0425 237 602


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Earn rich rewards and get superior travel and lifestyle benefits with this chip-enhanced Card.
Enjoy chip-enhanced acceptance and security, plus a variety of important features, including zero fraud liability4, rental car insurance, travel inconvenience insurance, and premium concierge service. See Consumer Card Features and Benefits for a complete listing of all card benefits. This Card is issued and administered by Elan Financial Services.
The APR on purchases is 14.49% to 23.49% based on your creditworthiness when you open your account. The APR on balance transfers is 14.49% to 23.49% based on your creditworthiness when you open your account. Purchase and Balance Transfer APRs will vary with the market based on the Prime Rate. Balance Transfer transaction fee of 3% of the amount of each transfer or $5 minimum, whichever is greater, will be applied. See the Terms and Conditions for complete details.
Applicant must be 18 years of age and have a U.S. address and Social Security number.
We may change APRs, fees and other Account terms in the future based on your experience with Elan Financial Services and its affiliates as provided under the Cardmember Agreement and applicable law.
1 Premier Rewards Card Points: You will earn 1 Reward Point ("Point") for each dollar of eligible Net Purchases charged to your Account during each billing cycle. You will also earn 1 additional Point (for a total of 2 Points) for each dollar of Net Purchases charged to your Account during each billing cycle at merchant locations that are classified in any of the following merchant category codes: service stations or automated fuel dispensers. You will earn 2 additional Points (for a total of 3 Points) for each dollar of Net Purchases charged to your Account during each billing cycle at merchant locations that are classified in the merchant category code of airlines. You will earn 3 additional Points (for a total of 4 Points) for each dollar of Net Purchases charged to your Account during each billing cycle at any merchant classified as a restaurant.
2 The Elan Rewards Program is subject to change. Rewards are earned on eligible net purchases. Net purchases are purchases minus credits and returns. Not all transactions are eligible to earn rewards, such as Advances, Balance Transfers and Convenience Checks. Upon approval, see your Cardmember Agreement for details. Points expire five years from the end of the quarter in which they are earned. You may not redeem Points, and you will immediately lose all of your Points, if your Account is closed to future transactions (including, but not limited to, program misuse, failure to pay, bankruptcy, or death.) Points will be awarded to the primary cardmember and may not be redeemed by an authorized cardmember on the Account.
3 Reward points can be redeemed as a cash deposit to a checking or savings account with this Financial Institution only within seven business days or as a statement credit to your credit card account within one to two billing cycles. If you're approved for a new Premier Rewards American Express Card, one-time bonus points will be awarded after eligible net purchases totaling $1,000 or more are made to your account within three months from account opening. Please allow 6-8 weeks after you have met the spend requirement for your bonus points to be credited to your account.
4 Elan Financial Services provides Zero Fraud Liability for unauthorized transactions. Cardholder must notify Elan Financial Services promptly of any unauthorized use. Certain conditions and limitations may apply.
The creditor and issuer of these Cards is Elan Financial Services, pursuant to separate licenses from Visa U.S.A. Inc., Mastercard International Incorporated, and American Express. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated. American Express is a federally registered service mark of American Express.


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There are several themes that came out of CES 2012, where Verizon first showed off the LG Spectrum, one of its latest 4G LTE superphones. LTE was one of these themes, of course, and the Spectrum delivers. HD, as in high-definition video, was another. Like the LG Nitro HD, the Spectrum has a terrific 4.5-inch HD display, a 1.5GHz dual-core Snapdragon processor, and an 8-megapixel camera with support for 1080p video recording. There's also a 1.3-megapixel front-facing camera and the phone runs the Android 2.3 Gingerbread OS.
In addition to the HD screen and video recording, several applications on the phone are automatically optimized for HD playback, including Netflix and ESPN Sports Center. LG has taken some risks with its custom interface design, and not all the pieces fit together. I found call quality and camera performance were also variable. Overall, the Spectrum is a beautiful device that belongs in the same league as Verizon's heavy hitters, and the $199.99 price tag will help nudge fence-sitters in LG's direction.
As nice as the Nitro HD was, the Spectrum's clean, lean design, a successor to last year's LG Revolution, appeals to me more. That's a personal preference, and you might disagree. It's a large slab of a device at 5.3 inches tall and 2.7 inches wide, but thin (0.42 inch). At 5 ounces, the weight makes sense for the Spectrum's dimensions. The phone feels pretty solid, but it's not a rugged device that would be poised for battle against drops, kicks, and other smartphone abuse. That said, a Corning Gorilla Glass screen lends extra strength against scratches.
Looks matter, and the Spectrum is downright preppy, thanks to the black-and-gray checkered back cover. The face is glossy black and a dark-gray metallic coating rims the sides. It'll pick up for fingerprints for sure, so invest in a wipe cloth if you haven't already. Big as it is, slight rounding on the back and sides keeps it feeling slickly comfortable in the hand. I had no complaints with on-ear pressure either.
Like the Nitro HD, the Spectrum has a 4.5-inch HD screen with a 1,280x720-pixel resolution for the number jockeys. That translates into a very bright, crisp, colorful, and overall gorgeous display that supports 16 million colors.
Above the screen is the Spectrum's 1.3-megapixel front-facing camera. Below it, LG's three navigation buttons look classy, especially the Home button, which looks like it's inlaid in a silvery accent. On the back is the 8-megapixel camera lens with flash. Peel away that cover to find the microSD card slot. A razor-thin volume rocker on the left spine could use some fattening up, but the power button up top poses no problems. It's camped out next to the 3.5mm headset jack and the Micro-USB charging port with its protective sliding door for keeping out dust and muck.
The Spectrum runs Android 2.3 for now. It'll be upgradable to Ice Cream Sandwich in theory, once LG designs its new skin and Verizon pushes it out, but there's no final word yet, and no guarantee.
LG paints its own interface on top of the Android operating system. There are the familiar static buttons for onscreen navigation, plus nearly ubiquitous access to system settings for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and so on. Plenty of widgets come preloaded onto the seven customizable home screens. I deleted a good portion of them off the bat, but really like the look and usability of the In Touch widget, an archipelago of multimedia widgets that give you easy access to videos, photos, albums, and playlists.
I wasn't as fond of the busy guide that pops up when you press and hold a home screen. It surfaces a grid, onscreen controls, and a scrolling list of widgets you can add. You can also deal with shortcuts, folders, and change wallpaper from there.
The Spectrum carries on the LG Revolution's app tray layout, which organizes apps thematically in sections that open and close when you tap them. However, you can't seem to reorganize the apps and you might spend some time hunting for the one you want. I see where the designers were going with this, but I personally find it confusing and forced.
The Spectrum gets everything that Android 2.3 brings in terms of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and GPS radios, plus support for Wi-Fi Direct and DLNA (through the SmartShare app). All the communication tools are here, as well as an abundance of Google services. My favorites will always include maps with turn-by-turn voice navigation, Gmail, and YouTube. You can tether your phone over USB to share the data connection, and a Verizon app lets you use the Spectrum as a hot spot for up to 10 devices. The Swype virtual keyboard is installed, but not by default. To get it, you'll have to change the input method by pressing and holding on a text field. As with the Revolution, LG has omitted the default Android keyboard, a shame.
As always, LG does a great job with its extra gesture settings. You can customize things like flipping over the device to mute a call, stop an alarm, or pause a video; as well as tap and hold items to move or otherwise affect them. It's one of LG's best Android differentiators.
I also applaud how LG and Verizon highlight the HD theme with apps that make use of the screen. Netflix, ESPN Score Center, and Smart Movie HD are examples. Each of these apps will automatically surface HD content first, when it's available. That'll save you the step of having to cycle a video to HD mode if it's got both. You'll still be able to view content that isn't optimized for HD on the screen, of course.
Although Google is the Spectrum's default home page, search bar searches take place with Bing. It's sort of like a sneaky workaround for Bing-o-phobes.
If you enjoy having apps preloaded on your phone, you're in luck! Even beyond the Google services and crop of Verizon account management apps, there are plenty, starting with those three HD apps for ESPN, Netflix, and Smart Movie HD. Then on to the 16 Verizon apps that either support your account or that Verizon put there through third-party agreements, and which can't be uninstalled. Some highlights from that bunch are Amazon Kindle, Bitbop for music, Blockbuster, Rhapsody, and some game demos. You'll also find apps like the Polaris Office productivity suite and Richnote, a memo app.


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Amazon suffered from two outages in 2012, and one in 2011.
On June 14, a service disruption in Amazon's Virginia data centers stopped operations for about six hours, affecting scores of customers. On April 21, 2011, Amazon cloud services went down for several hours, and in some cases days, in its same North Virginia data center.
On Oct. 22, Amazon Web Services went down in its Northern Virginia market, causing website outages in an unknown number of companies. The latest outage seemed to show that if the leading public cloud infrastructure provider was vulnerable to repeated outages, what provider could guarantee continuous uptime?


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Dr Bronners Shikakai Hand Soap Lemongrass 355ml Pump
Dr Bronners Shikakai Lemongrass Lime 355ml Hand Soap Certified organic to USDA National Organic Program standards, Dr. Bronner's Fair Trade & Organic Pump Soaps are smooth and luxurious with no synthetic detergents or preservatives. Organic shikakai comes from the seed pods of the small South Asian tree
Acadia Concinna and has been used for millennia in India as a gentle conditioning cleanser for both skin and hair. We extract the organic shikakai in organic sugar and organic grape juice and combine it with our unsurpassed pure-castile liquid soap base for a rich, emollient lather and a moisturising after feel.
Dr Bronners Fair Trade & Organic Shikakai Pump Soaps are excellent for washing hands and face, and they come in a convenient pump for placing on your bathroom sink or in the shower. The organic shikakai powder and organic sucrose in Dr Bronners Pump Soaps not only make them great facial cleansers, but also perfect shampoos.
When using any of Dr Bronners soaps to wash your hair, make sure you follow up with an acidic conditioning rinse, such as Dr Bronners Fair Trade & Organic Citrus Conditioning Hair Rinse.
Organic Sucrose*, Organic White Grape Juice, Organic Coconut Oil*, Potassium Hydroxide**, Organic Olive Oil*, Organic Shikakai Powder, Organic Hemp Oil, Organic Jojoba Oil, Organic Lemongrass Oil, Organic Lemon Oil, Organic Lime Oil, Citric Acid, Tocopherol.


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Hey folks!
So... if you've looked at anything I've made (Fantasy Funnies included) then you've probably seen a chunk of my minifigs. Well, guess what, I've decided it's time for me to show off some of them (hopefully all of them someday).
Let's get started!
For today's selection of figs, I want to introduce you to the Order of the Holy Blade. They're a Mythic Science faction that emerged from the teachings of the Paladin Order of the distant past. They're still a growing group a minifigs, but let me introduce them.
First off, these are Vanquisher Paladins. Armed with heavy machine guns, advanced communications, and back lights, these paladins lay down some heavy fire into their enemies.
Their torsos and legs are covered with some custom decals that Scorp made. They were based off of the Nexo Knight torso and the Xarkon soldier legs. I think they turned out pretty good.
For every paladin there are commanding officers. Unfortunately, I don't have any Knight Captains present, so this guy with the fancy flags will take charge. Who the heck is he?
This is a Lord Commander. Typically, a number of Knight Captains would be under his command, but today he gets to lead the grunts. Like the other paladins, he has the same great decals on the chest and legs. Unlike the rest, he has shiny shoulders, gold vambraces, and a fancy waist-cloth. I also outfitted him with a double shot, plasma rifle. However, even the Lord Commander has a boss.
"The troops are ready for battle!"
But, who are these three? These three are Paladin Judges. Only three Judges are appointed at a given time, and they are some of the greatest champions of the light.
Similar to the Lord Commander, each Judge has a set of golden shoulders, a set of flags, vambraces, and a waist-cloth. As usual, they also have the same chest and leg decals as the others. In addition, each Judge carries a unique weapon set, a battle standard, and a brand new helmet.
On each shoulder is a number and a symbol. The inspiration for the shoulders came from both Warhammer 40k and the T6 Paladin Set from World of Warcraft. I really wanted them to stand out from the typical paladin. The helmets are from Arealight Customs, but if you're in the US, you might want to try AFK My Homework on Bricklink.
Lastly, here is a picture of the entire group.
That's all for today's Minifig Showcase! I hope to post an update every Friday.
As usual
Decals by Saber-Scorpion
C&C is always welcome and appreciated!!!


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Maple View Mennonite Church (Burton, Ohio, USA)
The Maple View Mennonite Church (formerly Maple Hill Conservative Mennonite Church), was organized near Middlefield, Ohio, in 1937, under the direction of the Maple Grove Conservative Amish Mennonite Church. The congregation, located at 14890 Burton Windsor Road, Burton Ohio, had a membership in 1956 of 107.
For at time it worshiped in a basement church. The bishop of the Maple Grove congregation, Roman Miller, served here. The preachers in 1956 were Noah D. Miller, Eli E. Hostetler, and Mahlon Miller. The congregation is a member of the Conservative Mennonite Conference.
In 2011 the leading minister was Ernie Francis and the congregational membership was 115.
Anabaptist (Mennonite) Directory 2011. Harrisonburg, VA: The Sword and Trumpet, 2011: 51.
Additional Information
Address: 14890 Burton Windsor Rd, Burton OH 44021-9562
Phone: 440-834-8601
Website: Maple View Mennonite Church
Denominational Affiliation:
Conservative Mennonite Conference
Map:Maple View Mennonite Church, Burton, OH
|Simon Coblentz
|Richard D. Thiessen
|Date Published
|April 2012
Cite This Article
MLA style
Coblentz, Simon and Richard D. Thiessen. "Maple View Mennonite Church (Burton, Ohio, USA)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. April 2012. Web. 28 Nov 2020. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Maple_View_Mennonite_Church_(Burton,_Ohio,_USA)&oldid=140661.
APA style
Coblentz, Simon and Richard D. Thiessen. (April 2012). Maple View Mennonite Church (Burton, Ohio, USA). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 28 November 2020, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Maple_View_Mennonite_Church_(Burton,_Ohio,_USA)&oldid=140661.
Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 3, p. 475. All rights reserved.
©1996-2020 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.


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Applicant Tracking Software offers a compliance feature that provides Users with a number of controls and security features that can be used to assist with their organizational obligations under the EU General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 ("GDPR") ("Data Protection Laws"). If you are creating an account for the first time and desire to be GDPR compliant, our Data Processing Agreement is as follows:
For purposes of this Data Processing Agreement (the "Agreement"), the company or organization name associated with the Account being created is the "Company" and Applicant Tracking Software is the "Data Processor" (as the term is defined in the Data Protection Laws). Each party will comply with all applicable Data Protection Laws and regulations in the performance of its obligations set out under this Agreement, including GDPR, in each case including all other successor legislation and regulation thereto.
Processing of Company User Personal Data
Applicant Tracking Software processes personal data (as the term is defined in the Data Protection Laws) from Users which it collects as a Data Controller (as the term is defined in the Data Protection Laws) in the course of providing the Services to the Company. Where data is processed by Applicant Tracking Software as a Data Controller, such processing is carried out in accordance with this Agreement.
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Applicant Tracking Software will act strictly in accordance with the Company's lawful and reasonable instructions (which may be received via your use of the Services as defined in the Terms of Service) unless applicable law requires otherwise, in which case Applicant Tracking Software shall inform the Company of that legal requirement before processing (unless that law prohibits such information on important grounds of public interest). Applicant Tracking Software shall inform the Company if it becomes aware of an instruction by the Company that, in Applicant Tracking Software's opinion, infringes upon the Data Protection Laws.
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Each Party must keep this Agreement and information it receives about the other Party and its business in connection with this Agreement ("Confidential Information") confidential and must not use or disclose that Confidential Information without the prior written consent of the other Party except to the extent that (a) disclosure is required by law or (b) the relevant information is already in the public domain.


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The video game pinball wizards at Zen Studios are bringing Pinball FX 2 to the Xbox Live Arcade, with free graphical updates and new achievements to every Pinball FX table released so far.
Pinball FX 2 sounds like more of a dashboard update to the first game than a full-blown sequel. Perhaps that's why Zen Studios is releasing the game as a free download for everyone, whether they've purchased the original game or not.
Those who have purchased the original Pinball FX will simply download the new client and import their existing tables into the new dashboard, where they'll receive a little bit of polish to keep them competitive with the new tables like Pasha, seen below.
Players who haven't purchased the original can download the full game as a demo, purchasing tables as they choose directly from the menu system.
"We have been listening to our fans and building the pinball game that they envisioned," said Zsolt Kigyossy, Managing Director for ZEN Studios. "It took a little longer than expected, but we have designed a game that unifies the online community, and takes all the social features to the next level."
What's the next level? Leaderboards that combine your score across all tables is a start. Pinball Wizard adds your score to your friends' scores for even more leaderboard goodness. Add simultaneous online multiplayer competition and - a pinball first - split-screen local multiplayer, and you've got something much more social going on.
Zen suggests we stop thinking about FX Pinball as a pinball game, and start thinking of it as a pinball platform. That platform launches on October 13.


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Unmanned aerial vehicles, more commonly known as drones, aren't just used for spying and dropping bombs. The civil applications for unmanned aircraft are numerous, from spreading pesticide on fields, to delivering medical supplies in remote areas, to monitoring hundreds of miles of oil pipelines for leaks.
The University of North Dakota recognizes this huge potential – the school now offers an undergraduate major in unmanned aircraft systems operations. Most soon-to-be graduates will end up in jobs that support the military. But program head Ben Trapnell said civilian uses will eventually far outpace those for defense.
"Some of the big things, agricultural uses, we can get imagery to farmers a lot faster than having to wait for satellites to do the same thing."
For instance, an unmanned plane could fly over a field and send back pictures to show where pests are located or where crops are moist.
"There's the possibility of flying organs from one place to another to get them there faster for transplants," said Trapnell, who has a list of about 90 potential civilian applications.
Today when we hear about unmanned aircraft, we're accustomed to imagining a big military drone, basically a plane without a pilot. These fighter drones have to be big to carry missiles. But unmanned aircraft for civilian purposes can be built much smaller.
Jeff Johnson gave me a tour of the labs at Appareo Systems, a company that makes avionics equipment in Fargo, North Dakota.
"That little black box you're seeing there is the device we made for the office of naval research," he said pointing out a device that detects obstacles and keeps an unmanned aircraft from crashing into a building or other plane. The device is a cube small enough to hold in the palm of your hand.
"As small as that is, it's too big," said Johnson.
The cube needs to be smaller because unmanned planes of the future will be really, really small. Picture a model airplane.
Johnson calls these flying machines UAV's, short for unmanned aerial vehicles. He said making one small enough to be portable could be helpful, for instance, in fighting a forest fire.
"One of the applications we've been asked about is to have a person being able to carry a UAV on their back that they assemble and can send through a smoke plume to see what's on the other side."
These devices may be small, but they still need oversight when they're in the air. In the US, the Federal Aviation Administration is in charge of that and is proceeding cautiously.
For now, the FAA has banned most uses of UAV's while it figures out the risks these devices pose and draws up regulations. In the meantime, the agency has authorized UAV's for important missions deemed "in the public interest." That includes things like disaster relief and law enforcement. Still, operations are prohibited over densely-populated areas.
To the north, Canada is moving ahead more quickly. You can get a permit to fly a UAV in a matter of weeks through the agency Transport Canada. (Certification is handled on a case by case basis and certification timelines can vary.) But even with that license, you can't fly a UAV higher than 400 feet.
Once certified, pilots can purchase a UAV from a company like Aeryon Labs in Waterloo, Ontario. They sell a device called "The Scout."
"The system comes out of a small case or backpack, about the size of carry-on luggage. So the system can be deployed anywhere and carried by a single user," said company Vice President Ian McDonald.
The Scout is like a helicopter, but uses four propellers to stay airborne. (It's commonly called a quadrotor, or sometimes, quadcopter.) While in the sky, cameras take video or photos.
McDonald said in the past three years, his company has sold the Scout to military and commercial customers on every continent, except Antarctica.
"A customer in South Korea used the system as part of security planning and response for the 2012 nuclear summit," said McDonald.
That summit attracted more than 50 world leaders, including President Obama.
McDonald said there are a few key reasons to use the Scout: Namely, it's cheaper and safer than hiring a pilot to fly a plane or helicopter. And it flies lower to capture higher resolution images.
Add it all up, it's big business. Already, worldwide sales for unmanned aerial vehicles top $7 billion, according to industry estimates from the Teal Group. (Note: link has outdated figure of $6.6 billion.) And that figure could more than double within a decade, especially as UAV's start to get used for more civil applications.
To read this article on Public Radio International click here.


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Operation Northwoods
Operation Northwoods was a proposed false flag operation against the Cuban government that originated within the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) of the United States government in 1962. The proposals called for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) or other U.S. government operatives to both stage and actually commit acts of terrorism against American military and civilian targets,[2] blaming them on the Cuban government, and using it to justify a war against Cuba. The possibilities detailed in the document included the possible assassination of Cuban immigrants, sinking boats of Cuban refugees on the high seas,[2] hijacking planes to be shot down or given the appearance of being shot down,[2] blowing up a U.S. ship, and orchestrating violent terrorism in U.S. cities.[3] The proposals were rejected by President John F. Kennedy.[4][5][6]
Fidel Castro had taken power in Cuba in 1959 and began allowing communists into the new Cuban government, nationalizing US businesses and improving relations with the Soviet Union, arousing the concern of the U.S. military due to the Cold War. The operation proposed creating public support for a war against Cuba by blaming it for terrorist acts that would actually be perpetrated by the U.S. Government.[1] To this end, Operation Northwoods proposals recommended hijackings and bombings followed by the introduction of phony evidence that would implicate the Cuban government. It stated:
The desired result from the execution of this plan would be to place the United States in the apparent position of suffering defensible grievances from a rash and irresponsible government of Cuba and to develop an international image of a Cuban threat to peace in the Western Hemisphere.
Several other proposals were included within Operation Northwoods, including real or simulated actions against various U.S. military and civilian targets. The operation recommended developing a "Communist Cuban terror campaign in the Miami area, in other Florida cities and even in Washington".
The plan was drafted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, signed by Chairman Lyman Lemnitzer and sent to the Secretary of Defense. Although part of the U.S. government's anti-communist Cuban Project, Operation Northwoods was never officially accepted; it was authorized by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, but then rejected by President John F. Kennedy. According to currently released documentation, none of the operations became active under the auspices of the Operation Northwoods proposals.
Origins and public release[edit]
The main proposal was presented in a document titled "Justification for U.S. Military Intervention in Cuba (TS)," a top secret collection of draft memoranda written by the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS).[1] The document was presented by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara on 13 March 1962 as a preliminary submission for planning purposes. The Joint Chiefs of Staff recommended that both the covert and overt aspects of any such operation be assigned to them.
The previously secret document was originally made public on 18 November 1997, by the John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Review Board,[7] a U.S. federal agency overseeing the release of government records related to John F. Kennedy's assassination.[8][9] A total of 1,521 pages of once-secret military records covering 1962 to 1964 were concomitantly declassified by said Review Board.
"Appendix to Enclosure A" and "Annex to Appendix to Enclosure A" of the Northwoods document were first published online by the National Security Archive on 6 November 1998 in a joint venture with CNN as part of its 1998 Cold War television documentary series[10][11]—specifically, as a documentation supplement to "Episode 10: Cuba," which aired on 29 November 1998.[12] "Annex to Appendix to Enclosure A" is the section of the document which contains the proposals to stage terrorist attacks.
The Northwoods document was published online in a more complete form, including cover memoranda, by the National Security Archive on 30 April 2001.[13]
In response to a request for pretexts for military intervention by the Chief of Operations of the Cuba Project, Brig. Gen. Edward Lansdale, the document listed methods, and outlined plans, that the authors believed would garner public and international support for U.S. military intervention in Cuba. According to the documents, the plan called for the following:
- Since it would seem desirable to use legitimate provocation as the basis for U.S. military intervention in Cuba, a cover and deception plan, to include requisite preliminary actions such as had been developed in response to Task 33 c, could be executed as an initial effort to provoke Cuban reactions. Harassment plus deceptive actions to convince the Cubans of imminent invasion would be emphasized. Our military posture throughout execution of the plan will allow a rapid change from exercise to intervention if Cuban response justifies.
- A series of well coordinated incidents will be planned to take place in and around Guantanamo to give genuine appearance of being done by hostile Cuban forces.[14]
- United States would respond by executing offensive operations to secure water and power supplies, destroying artillery and mortar emplacements which threaten the base.
- Commence large scale United States military operations.
Related Operation Mongoose proposals[edit]
In addition to Operation Northwoods, under the Operation Mongoose program the U.S. Department of Defense had a number of similar proposals to be taken against the Cuban regime of Fidel Castro.
Twelve of these proposals come from a 2 February 1962 memorandum entitled "Possible Actions to Provoke, Harass or Disrupt Cuba," written by Brig. Gen. William H. Craig and submitted to Brig. Gen. Edward Lansdale, the commander of the Operation Mongoose project.[6][9]
The memorandum outlines Operation Bingo, a plan to "create an incident which has the appearance of an attack on U.S. facilities (GMO) in Cuba, thus providing an excuse for use of U.S. military might to overthrow the current government of Cuba."
It also includes Operation Dirty Trick, a plot to blame Castro if the 1962 Mercury manned space flight carrying John Glenn crashed, saying: "The objective is to provide irrevocable proof that, should the MERCURY manned orbit flight fail, the fault lies with the Communists et al. Cuba [sic]." It continues, "This to be accomplished by manufacturing various pieces of evidence which would prove electronic interference on the part of the Cubans."
Even after General Lemnitzer lost his job as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Joint Chiefs of Staff still planned false-flag pretext operations at least into 1963. A different U.S. Department of Defense policy paper created in 1963 discussed a plan to make it appear that Cuba had attacked a member of the Organization of American States (OAS) so that the United States could retaliate. The U.S. Department of Defense document says of one of the scenarios, "A contrived 'Cuban' attack on an OAS member could be set up, and the attacked state could be urged to take measures of self-defense and request assistance from the U.S. and OAS." [15]
The plan expressed confidence that by this action, "the U.S. could almost certainly obtain the necessary two-thirds support among OAS members for collective action against Cuba."[16][17]
Included in the nations the Joint Chiefs suggested as targets for covert attacks were Jamaica and Trinidad-Tobago. Since both were members of the British Commonwealth, the Joint Chiefs hoped that by secretly attacking them and then falsely blaming Cuba, the United States could incite the people of the United Kingdom into supporting a war against Castro.[16] As the U.S. Department of Defense report noted:
Any of the contrived situations described above are inherently, extremely risky in our democratic system in which security can be maintained, after the fact, with very great difficulty. If the decision should be made to set up a contrived situation it should be one in which participation by U.S. personnel is limited only to the most highly trusted covert personnel. This suggests the infeasibility of the use of military units for any aspect of the contrived situation."[16]
The U.S. Department of Defense report even suggested covertly paying a person in the Castro government to attack the United States: "The only area remaining for consideration then would be to bribe one of Castro's subordinate commanders to initiate an attack on [the U.S. Navy base at] Guantanamo."[16]
Kennedy personally rejected the Northwoods proposal. A JCS/Pentagon document (Ed Lansdale memo) titled MEETING WITH THE PRESIDENT, 16 MARCH 1962 reads: "General Lemnitzer commented that the military had contingency plans for U.S. intervention. Also it had plans for creating plausible pretexts to use force, with the pretext either attacks on U.S. aircraft or a Cuban action in Latin America for which we could retaliate. The President said bluntly that we were not discussing the use of military force, that General Lemnitzer might find the U.S. so engaged in Berlin or elsewhere that he couldn't use the contemplated 4 divisions in Cuba."[18] The proposal was sent for approval to the Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara, but was not implemented.
Following presentation of the Northwoods plan, Kennedy removed Lemnitzer as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, although he became Supreme Allied Commander of NATO in January 1963. U.S. military leaders began to perceive Kennedy as going soft on Cuba, and the President became increasingly unpopular with the military. A rift that had already reared during Kennedy's disagreements with the service chiefs over the Cuban Missile Crisis in October of 1962 and flared up again with his announcement of a unilateral U.S. Test Ban Treaty in 1963.
On 3 August 2001, the National Assembly of People's Power of Cuba (the main legislative body of the Republic of Cuba) issued a statement referring to Operation Northwoods and Operation Mongoose wherein it condemned such U.S. government plans.[19]
See also[edit]
- Body of Secrets
- Gulf of Tonkin incident
- Family Jewels (Central Intelligence Agency)
- Operation WASHTUB
- Proactive, Preemptive Operations Group
- Operation Himmler
- Bay of Pigs Invasion
- ^ a b c U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, "Justification for US Military Intervention in Cuba (TS)", U.S. Department of Defense, 13 March 1962. The Operation Northwoods document in PDF format on the website of the independent, non-governmental research institute the National Security Archive at the George Washington University Gelman Library, Washington, D.C. Direct PDF links: here and here.
- ^ a b c "1962 US Joint Chiefs Of Staff Operation Northwoods Unclassified Document Bolsheviks NWO". Internet Archive. 1962.
- ^ "U.S. Military Wanted to Provoke War With Cuba". ABC News. 7 January 2006.
- ^ Ruppe, David (May 1, 2001). "U.S. Military Wanted to Provoke War With Cuba". ABC News. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
- ^ Jim Wolf, "Pentagon Planned 1960s Cuban 'Terror Campaign'," Reuters, 18 November 1997.
- ^ a b Mike Feinsilber, "At a tense time, plots abounded to humiliate Castro," Associated Press (AP), 18 November 1997; also available here.
- ^ "The Records of the Assassination Records Review Board," National Archives and Records Administration.
- ^ "Media Advisory: National Archives Releases Additional Materials Reviewed by the Assassination Records Review Board," Assassination Records Review Board (a division of the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration), 17 November 1997. A U.S. government press-release announcing the declassification of some 1,500 pages of U.S. government documents from 1962 to 1964 relating to U.S. policy towards Cuba, among which declassified documents included the Operation Northwoods document.
- ^ a b Tim Weiner, "Documents Show Pentagon's Anti-Castro Plots During Kennedy Years," New York Times, 19 November 1997; appeared on the same date and by the same author in the New York Times itself as "Declassified Papers Show Anti-Castro Ideas Proposed to Kennedy," late edition—final, section A, pg. 25, column 1.
- ^ "National Security Archive: Cold War: Documents," National Security Archive, 27 September 1998 – 24 January 1999.
- ^ U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, "Appendix to Enclosure A: Memorandum for Chief of Operations, Cuba Project" and "Annex to Appendix to Enclosure A: Pretexts to Justify U.S. Military Intervention in Cuba," U.S. Department of Defense, c. March 1962. First published online by the National Security Archive on 6 November 1998, as part of CNN's Cold War documentary series. "Annex to Appendix to Enclosure A" is the section of the Operation Northwoods document which contains the proposals to stage terrorist attacks.
- ^ "Cold War Teacher Materials: Episodes," Archived 2007-01-26 at the Wayback Machine and "Educator Guide to CNN's Cold War Episode 10: Cuba," Archived 2007-01-26 at the Wayback Machine Turner Learning (Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.).
- ^ "Pentagon Proposed Pretexts for Cuba Invasion in 1962," National Security Archive, 30 April 2001.
- ^ Annex to Appendix to Enclosure A: Pretexts to Justify U.S. Military Intervention in Cuba, media.nara.gov, accessed 3 September 2009
- ^ Bohning, Don (2005). The Castro Obsession: U.S. Covert Operations Against Cuba, 1959-1965. Potomac Books. p. 105. ISBN 978-1-57488-675-7.
- ^ a b c d James Bamford, Chapter 4: "Fists" of Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency From the Cold War Through the Dawn of a New Century (New York: Doubleday, first edition, 24 April 2001), ISBN 0-385-49907-8.
- ^ Mike Feinsilber, "Records Show Plan To Provoke Castro," Archived 2005-08-24 at the Wayback Machine Associated Press (AP), 29 January 1998.
- ^ Lansdale Memo of 16 Mar 1962. This memo records a high-level meeting in the White House 3 days after McNamara was presented with Operation Northwoods. [1]
- ^ "Statement by the National Assembly of People's Power of the Republic of Cuba," National Assembly of People's Power of Cuba, 3 August 2001; also available here Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine.
Further reading[edit]
- Jon Elliston, editor, Psywar on Cuba: The Declassified History of U.S. Anti-Castro Propaganda (Melbourne, Australia and New York: Ocean Press, 1999), ISBN 1-876175-09-5.
- James Bamford, Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency From the Cold War Through the Dawn of a New Century (New York: Doubleday, first edition, 24 April 2001), ISBN 0-385-49907-8. Here is an excerpt from Chapter 4: "Fists" of this book.
External links[edit]
- The Full Operation Northwoods document in both JPEG and fully searchable HTML format.
- High resolution scans from the National Archives, main pages: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Scott Shane and Tom Bowman with contribution from Laura Sullivan, "New book on NSA sheds light on secrets: U.S. terror plan was Cuba invasion pretext," Baltimore Sun, 24 April 2001.
- Ron Kampeas, "Memo: U.S. Mulled Fake Cuba Pretext," Associated Press (AP), 25 April 2001.
- Bruce Schneier, "'Body of Secrets' by James Bamford: The author of a pioneering work on the NSA delivers a new book of revelations about the mysterious agency's coverups, eavesdropping and secret missions," Salon.com, 25 April 2001.
- David Ruppe, "U.S. Military Wanted to Provoke War With Cuba; Book: U.S. Military Drafted Plans to Terrorize U.S. Cities to Provoke War With Cuba," ABC News, 1 May 2001.
- "The Truth Is Out There—1962 memo from National Security Agency," Harper's Magazine, July 2001.
- Chris Floyd, "Head Cases," Moscow Times, 21 December 2001, pg. VIII; also appeared in St. Petersburg Times, Issue 733 (100), 25 December 2001.
- National Security Archive, "Pentagon Proposed Pretext for Cuba Invasion in 1962", April 30, 2001.
- 1962 in the United States
- Cold War intelligence operations
- Cuba–United States relations
- Opposition to Fidel Castro
- Government documents of the United States
- Propaganda in the United States
- Terrorism in the United States
- False flag operations
- Covert operations
- Cancelled military operations involving the United States


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Northern Lights over Southern Iceland
Icelandic Northern Lights
Southern Iceland
Jökulsárlón Glacier Lagoon
Icelandic Aurora
Hofn, Iceland
The Northern Lights dance over mountains near Hofn, Iceland
Featured on the Universe Today site.
Iceland Aurora
Jasper Lakes Aurora
Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada
Northern Lights dance over a winding Icelandic road.
Osar, Iceland
Jökulsárlón Aurora
Jökulsárlón, Iceland
Icelandic Lights
Iceland Stargazer
Glacier Lagoon
Over Jasper
Aurora over Jasper townsite - Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada
Lake Edith


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Don't miss the new i+s insider newsletter!
Featuring an LED head that not only swivels up and down, but also twirls in a full 360 degrees, the Mosso Desk Lamp from Koncept provides flexible, dimmable, natural-looking light. The task light comes with a built-in touchstrip for multi-level dimming, and is offered in warm (3,500 K) or cool (4,500 K) versions. Multiple mounting options and occupancy sensors allow Mosso to fit into any design scheme.


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Quantum Weirdness
A Matter of Relativity?
Copyright 2006/2007 James A. Tabb
Part 5: Entangled Particles
Selecting which atom we use with careful attention to its excitation states can create entangled particles. Some atoms emit two photons at a time or very closely together, one in one direction, the other in the opposite direction. These photons also have a property that one spins or is polarized in one direction and the other always spins or is polarized at right angles to the first. They come in pairs such that if we conduct an experiment on one to determine its orientation, the other's orientation becomes known at once. They are "entangled".
Figure 10 – Entangled Particles
All of this was involved in a famous dispute between Einstein and Bohr where Einstein devised a series of thought experiments to prove quantum measurement theory defective and Bohr devised answers. The weirdness, if you want to call it that, is the premise that the act of measurement of one actually defines both of them and so one might be thousands of miles away when you measure the first and the other instantly is converted, regardless of the distance between them, to the complement of the first.
Action-at-a-distance that occurs faster than the speed of light? Some would argue (me for instance) that this is more of a hat trick, not unlike where a machine randomly puts a quarter under one hat or the other, and always a nickel under a second one. You don't know in advance which contains which. Does the discovery that one hat has a quarter actually change the other into a nickel or was it always that way? Some would say that since it is impossible to know what is under each hat, the discovery of the quarter was determined by the act of measuring (lifting the hat) and the other coin only became a nickel at that instant. Suppose one hat is in Chicago and the other in Paris. Is this action at a distance? It is easy to say that the measurement of the first particle only uncovers the true nature of the first particle and the deduction of the nature of the second particle is not a case of weirdness at all. They were that way at the start. However, this is a hotly debated subject and many consider this a real effect and a real problem. That is, they consider the particles (which are called Einstein‑‑ Podolsky‑Rosen (EPR) pairs) to have a happy-go-lucky existence in which the properties are undetermined until measured. Measure the polarization of one – and the second instantly takes the other polarization.A useful feature of entangled particles is the notion that you could encrypt data using these particles such that if anyone attempted to intercept and read them somewhere in their path, the act of reading would destroy the message.
So there you have it – Weird behavior at a distance, maybe across the universe. Or is it a matter of relativity?
I wish to suggest this: entangled particles are entangled at the time of emission and, from the relativistic perspective, they are still attached together at the point of emission until the time that one or the other is disturbed or destroyed, however far that is. Both ends of their flights are stapled together from the moment of their creation by relativistic space distortion. They both live in a go-splat world where time stands still and everything in their path is zero distance away and zero time lapse away due to the relativistic foreshortening of paths and time distortions to zero. In their time and distance collapsed world, if you can wiggle one, the other knows about it because they are both still stuck against their common emission point at one end until destroyed at the other. There can be "real world" time elapsed during flight (from our perspective) but the photon is running on null time – relativistic zero time and both are still attached to a common point with both ends separated by zero distance and zero time, even if we measure it at tens of meters and dozens of nanoseconds.
In Summary – Not So Weird After All
Photons and other particles that travel at c have paths that are effectively zero length and time spans that are of zero duration. This applies to the path length and lifetime of the particle due to relativistic space time warping at c. No matter how we measure the time and distance a particle travels in a real-world time frame, the particle has a simultaneous, instantaneous path and duration due to the warping of the space and time at c.
We measure the particle in flight at about a nanosecond a foot. No matter. The photon gets there instantaneously – no time elapses for the photon – no ageing takes place. That means no matter how many mirrors or detectors we flip into or out of a path during our calculated flight time, the photon, traveling at c, transverses the entire path in zero time over zero distance. Our perspectives are that different. Mirrors or detectors that are in the path at the time it reaches a certain point by our measurement, were experienced by the particle at the instant it was emitted. So it knows about it "in advance" due to the space time warp factor. It does transverse the experiment, but cannot be fooled as it knows the entire path the instant it is created.
Suppose a distant exploding star emits a photon that arrives at our telescope 4 billion years later (by our normal world calculation). The photon may pass around lensing galaxies on both sides at once because the entire path, including the incredible width of the galaxies, is of virtually zero width and zero depth to the photon which is traveling at c. The detector's position, forward of a focal point or behind it, is also experienced by the photon during that same zero path, zero lifetime defining moment of creation, life, and death. All due to the incredible time and distance warp at c. So we think it is weird that the change in our detector, at or behind the focal point seems to affect the chosen path of the photon around the distant lensing galaxy. Not to the photon. It knew all along, since "all along" was an instantaneous null time and null distance, warped together.
Photons moving through a double slit experiment have all the elements in its path effectively (although not actually) plastered to its nose and all the elements have zero width and zero depth to the photon during its lifetime. From our perspective, we consider it moving through the experiment, encountering edges, slits, possibly mirrors or detectors. Whatever we throw in its path, the photon experiences it as if it were there from the moment of its creation because that is the only moment it has. All because it lives in a relativistic go-splat world.
Photons moving through crystals and reversed crystals see all the paths simultaneously and its entire flight path as one event – all happening simultaneously. All open paths are valid because they are essentially congruent, allowing the photons to retain their polarity if there are paths that maintain its ability recombine at the far end. If any path is broken by a detector when it would pass by in our real world measurement system, then it is encountered in its relativistic world during its null time existence.
Quantum Weirdness Is a Matter of Relativity!
James A. Tabb
Marietta, Georgia
Originally published among friends February 6, 2006


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Not just a lightweight option to cardigans, the kimono itself has become a wardrobe staple. From floral prints to lace detail and plaid designs to floor length, options are limitless with how a kimono can express your sensational sense of style.
When it comes to staying warm & on-trend, cardigans & sweaters are certainly the best choice! With so many options from cable-knit and frayed to oversized and even animal print, sweaters and cardigans allow us to show off our style, even on chilly days.


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« Ed. Dept. Proposes New Student Data Privacy Rules | Main | Late-Arrival Numbers Similar for KIPP, Local Public Schools »
Study: Third Grade Reading Predicts Later High School Graduation
The disquieting side effect of our increasingly detailed longitudinal studies of students is we keep finding warning signs of a future graduation derailment earlier and earlier in a child's school years.
Robert Balfanz of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore found those warning signs as early as 6th grade— chronic absences, poor behavior, failing math or language arts, which when put together lead to a 90 percent risk that a student won't graduate on time.
A study to be released this morning at the American Educational Research Association convention here in New Orleans presents an even earlier warning sign: A student who can't read on grade level by 3rd grade is four times less likely to graduate by age 19 than a child who does read proficiently by that time. Add poverty to the mix, and a student is 13 times less likely to graduate on time than his or her proficient, wealthier peer.
"Third grade is a kind of pivot point," said Donald J. Hernandez, the study's author and a sociology professor at Hunter College, at the City University of New York. "We teach reading for the first three grades and then after that children are not so much learning to read but using their reading skills to learn other topics. In that sense if you haven't succeeded by 3rd grade it's more difficult to [remediate] than it would have been if you started before then."
Mr. Hernandez analyzed the reading scores and later graduation rates of 3,975 students born between 1979 and 1989 in the Bureau of Labor Statistics' National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979. He found 16 percent overall did not have a diploma by age 19, but students who struggled with reading in early elementary school grew up to comprise 88 percent of those who did not receive a diploma. That made low reading skills an even stronger predictor than spending at least a year in poverty, which affected 70 percent of the students who didn't graduate. In fact, 89 percent of students in poverty who did read on level by 3rd grade graduated on time, statistically no different from the students who never experienced poverty but did struggle with reading early on.
By contrast, more than one in four poor, struggling readers did not graduate, compared with only 2 percent of good readers from wealthier backgrounds. Mr. Hernandez found that gaps in graduation rates among white, black and Hispanic students closed once poverty and reading proficiency were taken into account. "If they are proficient in reading, they basically have the same rate of graduation" above 90 percent, Mr. Hernandez said. "If they did not reach proficiency, that's when you see these big gaps emerge."
For some children in the sample, Mr. Hernandez was able to track reading scores as early as 2nd grade, but not enough to do a separate analysis. It's interesting to me that since we don't do much testing before grade three, the first accountability point under NCLB, it's difficult to say exactly when these reading gaps emerge.
Mr. Hernandez is working on further studies on the nuances of these findings, including the effects of concentrated poverty—often associated with low-performing schools—and factors that make some students more resilient to poverty and early academic difficulty.
The study, "Double Jeopardy: How Third-Grade Reading Skills and Poverty Influence High School Graduation," will be posted by the Annie E. Casey Foundation here.


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This well-worn road warrior Gibson Les Paul Custom is a 1978 model, in a rare silverburst finish.
Two Tom Anderson humbuckers have been installed, an H3 in the bridge and an H1 in the neck, and the frets have been replaced with a stainless steel type, which form a pyramid shape. The instrument is actually a factory second, but surprisingly there are no structural flaws. There is a slight flaw in the back burst tip, which is the likely reason why it was stamped a "second." The story that came with the guitar is that it once belonged to Steven Van Zandt of The E Street Band. [As of press time, PG has been unable to confirm this.]


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North West has the slogan 'passionate people, passionate places', and caravanners can experience this for themselves in the regions for Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear, and Teesside, with the main cities of Durham, Newcastle upon Tyne and Sunderland and other large settlements which include Darlington, Gateshead, Hartlepool, Middlesbrough, Redcar, South Shields, Stockton-on-Tees, Teesside, Wearside, and Tyneside.
Enjoy Durham's extraordinary coastline in the caravan, motorhome, and tent or even by foot, admire the amazing views, and get splashed by the High Force waterfall. Visit the Durham Dales and North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty for a picnic in the caravan or for a bit more of an architectural treat, wonder round the iconic Durham Cathedral and Castle World Heritage Site, or get some culture at the National Railway Museum and the Bowes Museum.
Newcastle and Gateshead offers caravanners the opportunity to go a variety of different theatrical events from the Sunderland Empire, Theatre Royal or Northern Stage. Similarly for some historical culture campers and caravanners can view Castle Keep or the more adventurous among you can venture in the underground tunnel, the Victoria Tunnel that runs directly under the city.
From the Hadrian's Wall World Heritage Site and stunning coastal castles to spiritual priories, grand gardens and intriguing hidden gems, including Belsay Hall, Castle and Garden, Lindisfarne Priory and Tynemouth Priory the North East welcomes caravanners and campers alike with open arms.


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Nashville's politician-in-training might go to jail before he even makes it into office
Nashville creator Callie Khouri: "It's far from a show just about country music"
In this exclusive clip from Wednesday's episode (10/9c, ABC), Teddy (Eric Close) and his ex-girlfriend Peggy (Kimberly Williams-Paisley) discuss their secret incriminating past. While Peggy is adamant that they tell the feds about their embezzlement, Teddy has another plan. Will they be exposed?
Watch below:
Nashville airs on Wednesday at 10/9c on ABC.


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Three of Tottenham Hotspur's black players were subjected to racist abuse from a section of the travelling Lazio support during the 0-0 Europa League draw between the clubs at White Hart Lane on Thursday night.
In front of the Uefa president, Michel Platini, Jermain Defoe, Aaron Lennon and the substitute Andros Townsend were the targets of monkey chants when they ventured in front of the enclosure containing 1,500 Lazio fans.
The flashpoints followed the news that the Chelsea midfielder Mikel John Obi had deleted his Twitter account after he was racially abused by users on the site. The Nigerian removed his profile less than 24 hours after his mistake played a part in Juventus's equaliser in the 2-2 Champions League draw at Stamford Bridge. Chelsea have contacted the police.
The monkey chants at White Hart Lane were first audible when Defoe crashed into the advertising hoarding below the visiting supporters early in the second half. The striker had lost the ball and, before he got to his feet, he kicked the hoardings hard. The anti-racism group FARE posted a link on its Twitter feed giving Spurs fans the chance to report any chants they heard.
André Villas-Boas, the Tottenham manager, said he did not hear the chants but added he would expect Uefa to act if his club saw fit to complain formally.
"I think so," Villas-Boas said. "Uefa is very active on this kind of situation. Our overall objective is to kick racism out of football but I can't point the finger in any way or form because I didn't hear anything. I wasn't aware of anything as I was focused on the game. I haven't heard anything from the players, too."
Lennon said that he had heard nothing, even though it was clearly audible that a minority of the Lazio supporters were not merely booing the Tottenham players. It was unclear on Thursday night whether Tottenham would take the matter further.
Chelsea do want action taken over the treatment of Mikel. The club had originally claimed it was coincidental that the Nigerian, who said he was unaware of any abuse, had deleted the 'Mikel12Official' account he set up this summer but they later said in a statement: "We've been made aware of racist tweets targeted at Mikel which are totally unacceptable, disgusting and abhorrent. We've informed the police and support taking the strongest possible action."
After the match against Juventus, Mikel had acknowledged his error. The 25-year-old gave the ball away before he and his team-mates failed to prevent Claudio Marchisio playing Fabio Quagliarella into space for the equaliser.
Mikel said: "If I want to make up an excuse, I can. But, for me, I gave the ball away. I put my hands up. We move on. I'm sorry about the mistake."


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Chestnut Hill Mennonite Church (Columbia, Pennsylvania, USA)
The Chestnut Hill Mennonite Church (Mennonite Church USA) in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, a member of Lancaster Mennonite Conference, is located in Columbia, Pennsylvania on land originally warranted to Joseph Sherrock in 1740. In 1790 Martin Greider and Michael Hoffman deeded a tract to Samuel Nissley, Michael Seichrist, and Joseph Sherck, ministers of the "Hempfield Mennonist Religious Society." The log meetinghouse erected on it was used until 1874, when a brick church was built. This was enlarged and remodeled in 1909 and 1947. The burial ground is at the Salunga and Landisville meetinghouses, which were for many years a part of the ministerial circuit. The congregation numbered 133 members in 1953 and 124 members in 2002. The Sunday school, started in 1884, averaged 130 in the mid-1950s. A circuit young people's meeting started in 1946 was well attended also at this time. Henry E. Lutz was the bishop, Jacob L. and H. Raymond Charles were the ministers, and Martin S. Newcomer the deacon in 1953.
In 2009 the membership was 102; the ministers were J. Donald Brubaker, J. Leon Eshleman and Melvin H. Thomas.
Additional Information
Address: 4050 Marietta Avenue, Columbia Pennsylvania
Phone: 717-684-5513
Website: Chestnut Hill Mennonite Church
Denominational Affiliations:
Lancaster Mennonite Conference
Map:Chestnut Hill Mennonite Church (Columbia, Pennsylvania)
|Ira D Landis
|Date Published
Cite This Article
MLA style
Landis, Ira D. "Chestnut Hill Mennonite Church (Columbia, Pennsylvania, USA)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1953. Web. 26 Nov 2020. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Chestnut_Hill_Mennonite_Church_(Columbia,_Pennsylvania,_USA)&oldid=139917.
APA style
Landis, Ira D. (1953). Chestnut Hill Mennonite Church (Columbia, Pennsylvania, USA). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 26 November 2020, from https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Chestnut_Hill_Mennonite_Church_(Columbia,_Pennsylvania,_USA)&oldid=139917.
Adapted by permission of Herald Press, Harrisonburg, Virginia, from Mennonite Encyclopedia, Vol. 1, pp. 553-554. All rights reserved.
©1996-2020 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.


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Ever since making a $100 million investment in SMB-specific resources in 2008, Cisco has been continuing to expand its portfolio of products, services and financing options for small business sales, hoping to expand its SMB presence and bring along VARs that focus on the segment.
On Tuesday, Cisco went live with the latest additions to its SMB portfolio, including switches, firewalls and storage options.
Here's a look at those new products, as well as highlights from Cisco's small business release schedule from the past year.


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UA Username - ELMO
UAF and OIT have made great strides in recent history towards Single Sign-on. What that means for you is one username, and one password to get access to all of your accounts. That's right, one username and one password to get into every University service. The best part is if you forget your password, you don't have to wait on the phone for anyone; you can change your password yourself using our self service account tool, Easy Logon Maintainence Option (ELMO). Read below for details on how to use ELMO.
When you are done with ELMO, be sure to write down your UA Username.
Setting Up Your UA Username Using ELMO
Step 1
Go to https://elmo.alaska.edu using your favorite webbrowser.
Step 2
If you know your UA ID Number (that's the 8 digit number starting with a 3 located on the front of your new Polar Express Card), select Option 2. If you do not know your UA ID Number, select Option 3.
Step 3
Answer the vetting questions correctly!
Step 4
Select the security setting you feel comfortable with. This is an important decision because it determines what is involved the next time you want to log in to ELMO to reset your password if you've forgotten it.
With the Standard setting, you will simply have to answer the same vetting questions next time.
The Custom setting will allow you to create up to 3 custom security questions and answers. If you set 1 or 2 custom questions, the next time you use ELMO you will need to answer them correctly, in addition to the standard vetting questions. If you set 3 custom security questions and answers, these will replace the standard vetting questions and you will only be required to answer your custom questions the next time you visit ELMO.
Finally, there is Maximum, which completely disables Options 2 and Option 3, which means that if you forget your password, you will need to come in to the OIT Support Center to reset it.
Step 5
Now that you're successfully logged in to ELMO you should see your UA ID Number and UA Username displayed on the left side of your screen. Your UA Username is extremely important, as it is your login for your Blackboard, Google Apps @ UA Email, NetReg, & Computer Lab accounts.
On the right side of the screen is the password reset area. The requirements for this password are rather strict: at least 8 characters, contains at least one number, and at least one upper-case letter.
Step 6
Your password now works across all services!


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Teachers Take "Pay Cut" as Inflation Outpaces Salaries
Adjusting for inflation, average teachers' salaries declined in fifteen states over the past decade
WASHINGTON — EMBARGOED UNTIL February 1, 2010 — Inflation over the past decade has outpaced teachers' salaries in many states across the country, according to the National Education Association's update to the annual report Rankings and Estimates: Rankings of the States 2009 and Estimates of School Statistics 2010. Adjusting for inflation, teacher pay increased only 3.4% on average, or $177 per year, during this period.
"Public schoolteachers across the nation are continuing to lose spending power for themselves and their families in an already struggling economy," said NEA President Dennis Van Roekel. "We need to compensate teachers fairly for the work they do."
"How can we recruit and retain quality teachers for our students if we don't pay them what they're worth?" said Van Roekel. "Professional work deserves professional pay."
Rankings and Estimates provides statistics to raise public understanding of key issues affecting teaching and learning conditions in the nation's public schools. Highlights:
• The national average public schoolteacher salary for 2008–2009 was $54,319.
• Public school enrollment was 48,960,698, up 0.1 percent over fall 2007.
• There were 3,229,545 teachers in 2008-09. The average number of students per teacher declined from 15.3 in 2007-08 to 15.2 in 2008-09.
• Males comprised 24 percent of public schoolteachers in 2009.
• The U.S. average per student expenditure for public elementary and secondary schools in 2008–09 fall enrollment was $10, 190.
Rankings and Estimates has presented selected education statistics since the 1960s. The complete report can be found here.


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Heavyweight clash on cards at Afcon
Afcon cup holders Zambia and Nigeria will battle it out on the field to break the stalemate in Group C.
PORT ELIZABETH - Holders Zambia and Nigeria go head-to-head on Friday in the first heavyweight clash of the Africa Nations Cup (Afcon) as they seek to break the stalemate in Group C.
The match represents not only a chance for points in the battle for quarter-final places but also affirmation of both sides' potential.
Zambia were surprise winners of the 2012 Nations Cup and the scalp of a major power like Nigeria would assuage those doubters who feel they were fortunate in the last tournament in Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.
It will also give credence to Zambia's ambition of qualifying for the next World Cup.
Nigeria say they are building a team for the future, according to coach Stephen Keshi and Friday could provide a good indication on how far they have progressed.
But while the first game at 3pm will be the one for the purist, the next at 6pm pitting Ethiopia against Burkina Faso will draw the fans and passion.
Ethiopia are again expected to be backed by a raucous crowd at the Mbombela Stadium after an estimated 10,000 supported them in the first match.
Ethiopia earned their federation a $5,000 fine when they threw objects onto the pitch in protest at a red card handed to their goalkeeper in the first half.
But they left in delirious celebration after the team fought back to draw 1-1 with Zambia in the opening Group C game on Monday.
Burkina Faso also had cause for celebration after they forced a last gasp equaliser against Nigeria and will be targeting three points from the encounter.
Friday's games follow Thursday's 1-0 win for Ghana over Mali and a first ever Nations Cup point for minnows Niger, who held the Democratic Republic of Congo 0-0 in Port Elizabeth.


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We ventured inside Flynn's, into the vivid glow of the Tron universe. We met Tron Legacy stars Garrett Hedlund and Bruce Boxleitner, plus director Joseph Kosinski and producer Sean Bailey. They told us how the new movie raises the game.
We were lucky enough to ask a few questions each of Hedlund, Boxleitner, Kosinski and Bailey, plus Beau Garrett (Jem, the leader of the Sirens.) Hopefully the video is audible, but we'll also summarize a bit.
First of all, Bruce Boxleitner stopped by to talk to us about returning as Alan Bradley. We asked him about the reports that the movie had done some extra shooting after the studio showed a rough cut of the film to the Pixar people. Boxleitner said these weren't really reshoots:
It wasn't reshoots, we shot further. Just enhancing. I think it was more... we had the opportunity, once we had it all put together, to take a look at it as a whole and ask what did we want to improve and add to, and I think that's what it was. I don't think it was any kind of sense of trouble with it or anything like that. It was just, you had the luxury, this far out — four months away from its release — to improve upon it. Believe me, with lower budgets, you can't do that... They just wanted to point out some different story points. They added a scene. It's just in the story-telling, clarifying the story.
Boxleitner also talked to us about being a surrogate father figure for Sam Flynn, the hero of Tron Legacy who's searching for his missing dad, Kevin Flynn:
[I'm] a surrogate father, and a man who's, in my interpretation, kind of a bit lost and adrift, because his partner and creative other half has [vanished]. So we're both kind of wounded by the disappearance of Kevin Flynn. No-one knows, it's this mystery. And Alan has never quite been his creative self, and he's been taken over by some nasty young people in the company, that kind of just treat him with... he's the CEO, but in name only.
Meanwhile, the virtual world didn't stay a utopia for long after they overthrew the MCP, as we discover in this new film.
And Boxleitner says the new CG representation of the virtual world in this film makes the original Tron look like Donkey Kong compared to today's video games - video games have become more realistic, but also darker and more cynical. And Tron Legacy reflects those changes in our relationships with technology as well as video games as a whole.
We also talked to Garrett Hedlund, who talked about how a director on Friday Night Lights used to say he reminded the director of Jeff Bridges. And so it was really awesome to get to play the son of Bridges' character. "Jeff Bridges is really a dream father. He's the coolest, most inspired, always guy. You can talk to him about everything." And Bridges was a really great sort of mentor on the set of Tron Legacy, and an awesome collaborator who brings other actors into the process as partners.
And we talked to Hedlund about how Sam Flynn enters the virtual world searching for his dad, and then he encounters Clu 2.0, the evil virtual version of his dad who looks just like him, and it's ultra confusing for him:
It's very deceptive, because there's a lot of hopes, you know? When you get into the world, it's... the whole purpose of me getting into the world is trying to find my father. So immediately, the first guy who looks like him, you're like... vulnerable to it. The fact that that's really all a trick, it's like, we don't know what to believe. And it's like everything else is a mystery.
And we talked a wee bit to Beau Garrett, who plays the lead Siren, Jem, who's sort of a dominatrix who leads Sam astray - you can see her in the new trailer, telling Sam his tasks is to survive. We had equipment failure during part of our talk with Beau, but you can see her talking here about how wearing the iconic suit helped her get in character and figure out how to develop the slow-speaking low voice of the character - and then she gets tackled by Hedlund in mid answer.
She also hints that "there's a little manipulation happening" between Jem and Sam, and she's a program who doesn't necessarily want to be such a "femme fatale.
We also talked to director Joseph Kosinski about how his architecture background helped him update Tron's virtual worlds, and how he brought in designers from the worlds of automotive design and architecture to help bring the virtual reality to life:
Architecture school teaches you how to be self-critical. I think designing a building isn't that different from designing a film. You need to have a strong foundation, which in this case is the script. You need to have an overall concept that drives every decision along the way. And in the case of a film, it can be a theme, or a characteristic of one of your characters.
A lot of people worked on this film who hadn't done a film before, and the film includes things that no movie has tried to do before — including the "reverse Benjamin Button" thing of having a digitally youthful Jeff Bridges face superimposed on someone else's body.
Kosinski praised the "geniuses at Pixar" for helping to find ways to make the story cooler and sharper.
We were always planning on doing about a week of photography. We were waiting for Jeff [Bridges] to come off True Grit, and we had the opportunity to go down and screen a very rough cut of the movie for the geniuses at Pixar... and get some feedback from people who've made some great movies. And they gave us some really great notes, and some of it we were able to incorporate into a few scenes.
And he explained how the new movie is a story of "searching for human connection in a virtual world" that everybody can relate to.
And finally we talked to producer Sean Bailey, who had a lot of fascinating things to say about how the new movie updates the themes of fascism and conformity in the original Tron:
We talked a lot, thematically, about humanity's relationship with technology and what it means. It was a very different world in 1982, technology. [Original director] Steven Lisberger and his team were so ahead of their time in 1982, in terms of what they were thinking about, that we spent a lot of time with Steve and Joe and our writers, talking about, "What do we think that relationship is today?"
He also talked up the creation of Clu 2.0 as the movie's villain. Clu is "Kevin Flynn's basic likeness when he was in his early 30s. When Kevin Flynn was at his entrepreneurial, somewhat ego-driven best, when he was changing the world, this character emerged in the system, and what is that left unchecked, with Moore's Law? That was an interesting question for us."


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Mindia Khitarishvili was born 1st of January in 1973 in Batumi (Georgia).
1987-1991 studied at the Batumi Music College in the specialty choir conductor. Simultaneously practiced in the public chapel of the city of Batumi assistant conductor and the actors of the choir. in 1991 continued his studies at the Tbilisi Academy of Music composition class of Professor N.Mamisashvili and 1996, he graduated with honors.
Since 1996 he taught music theory at the Batumi State College and in 2001 Lecturer State University of Arts. introduced a course of polyphony, orchestration, jazz harmony and improvisation.
From 1995 to 2000 worked as a music editor at the Department of State Radio and Television of Adjara.
From 1998 to 2011 worked as a music producer and composer Batumi State Puppet Theatre and Young People.
Composed music for plays around 40. Among them is necessary to note the play "Argonauts." for the music composer, received an honorary diploma and a prize at the international theater festivals in Bulgaria,Serbia,Turkey,Russia,Ukraine.
for his contribution to the development of Georgian theater arts, in the 2003 hit awarded an honorary title of Honored Artist of Autonomous Republic of Adjara.
composing an opera, symphonic, chamber, vocal and choral music.
in 2012 he moved to live in Israel.
Esta é a página pessoal deMindia khitarishvili. MusicaNeo não monitora o conteúdo.


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