text:
(OLD) (ARCHIVED) Puppy Linux Discussion Forum
Puppy HOME page :
"THE" alternative forum :
This forum can also be accessed as
It is now read-only and serves only as archives.
Please register over the NEW forum
and continue your work there. Thank you.
Log in to check your private messages
Log in
The time now is Tue 01 Dec 2020, 05:03
All times are UTC - 4
Forum index
Advanced Topics
Puppy Projects
Integration of 3G Wireless Modem Detection - 4.1.2 & 4.2.1
View previous topic
View next topic
Page 1 of 37
[543 Posts]
Goto page:
Joined: 24 Aug 2005
Posts: 2008
Location: Maine, USA
Posted: Mon 19 Jan 2009, 14:03
Post subject:
Integration of 3G Wireless Modem Detection - 4.1.2 & 4.2.1
Subject description: For Puppys 4.1.2 & 4.2.1. Automates the detection and initialization process. See 4.3.1 thread.
Dialup/Wireless Modem Upgrade Packages for Puppy 4.3+
Considering that there are several threads and postings regarding getting 3G wireless modems working in Puppy, I have concluded that it might be worthwhile to incorporate the tinkerings into an extension of the existing components for support of dialup modems. My problem is that I do not own any of the 3G devices and have no need to buy one. So I need everyone with these devices to assist in debugging the implementation.
I have begun by creating udev rules to handle the mode-switching task automatically. I have added modem-initialization scripts for the drivers: Option, Hso, Sierra, and Nozomi. (The script names are capitalized to give them priority over PCI and sound-card modem scripts, since the devices are insertable USB modems, removing any need to blacklist other modem drivers.) Drivers hso and nozomi are included, too; option and sierra are already installed in 4.1.2./4.2/4.2.1. For now, I assume that driver usbserial has been superseded by these drivers; I need to be notified of any cases not supported by the three drivers.
I have also added two debug event-trace logs to help us understand what happens. When reporting your experiences with this package, please include in your posting the following files (nd placing attachments inside a tarball or zip file):
- /tmp/pup_event_module_devpath_log (quoted)
- /tmp/udevtrace-modem.log (quoted)
- /tmp/udevtrace.log (as optional attachment)
- /tmp/usb_modeswitch.log (as attachment, if exists)
- /tmp/ozerocdoff.log (as attachment, if exists)
I set as my goal, to make Puppy support 3G modems similarly to analog dialup and GPRS modems. I imagine a user seeing the modems recognized automatically, using the "Internet by analog modem" Connect-Wizard option (augmented if necessary) to enter added parameters, and then dialing in with PupDial.
This goal could entail addition of device-specific logic into udev rules and initialization scripts, logic from the existing GPRS setup script, and creation of new scripts to support udev rules. Various postings suggest to me that some delays will be needed to allow the modems time to start up. My getting those details right depends on your feedback and assistance in debugging solutions. I ask everyone with these modems to report, here or by PM to me, your experience with this package and any suggestions to make it work.
UPDATE 7/29/09: I have edited the historical-progress items, to summarize the current state of the project. The downloads here apply only to puppys 4.1.2, 4.2, and 4.2.1. They are already incorporated into Puppy 4.3.
1. Some USB wireless modems may require two updated driver modules that tempestuous has provided here:
They are particularly for ZTE modems, but may help if other modems that use the option driver are not recognized. From the above link, download and install these files:
- option-patched-01Apr09-k18.104.22.168.pet
- usb-storage-ZTE-patch-k18.104.22.168.pet
2. An updated sierra module (also by tempestuous) supports additional Sierra modems, but is needed only if your Sierra modem is not detected by the Puppy 4.1.2/4.2/4.2.1 version. Download it from this posting:
3. This auto-detection project does not support modprobing of the usbserial module, used in most of the recommendations found on the Internet. Loading of usbserial with vendor and product IDs is useful only for verifying that a modem can be made to work. The goal here is to automate use of the modem-specific (e.g., hso, option, sierra, etc.) drivers and related (storage-to-modem-device) mode switching.
4. Initialization scripts are added for modems using modules ipw, ipwireless, and moto_modem. They should detect such modems as ttyUSB0. However, no attempt is made to address possible firmware issues. Anyone with such a modem is invited to work with me if more is needed. The Motorola driver supports 3 modem models, and there may be a patched version for a fourth, the 950; tell me if you need the patch.
5. For troubleshooting, usb_modeswitch can be run from the command line. To run it and log its output, use usb_modeswitch.sh with no arguments (instead of usb_modeswitch). But you must set up the usb_modeswitch.conf file beforehand (as explained there).
6. Tips for some special situations:
a. To override the default number for ttyUSB0, change the number in /etc/modemttyUSBnum; some modems use ttyUSB2.
b. When a PIN is specified in Pupdial, it has been sent to the modem for each connection. But that apparently prevents subsequent connections from succeeding. The new 3G_pupdial-wireless-12 dotpet changes that, to limit its use to only the first of a Puppy- or modem plug-in session. If the PIN is needed later in the session, it can be restored by clicking the "ttyUSB0" (or similar device-name, to "test" the modem) button in Pupdial. Please report if this creates more problems. Note that many users recommend disabling the PIN altogether, either in Windows or within the cell phone, if the modem is part of one. But that might create a security issue.
c. New modems probably require activation in a Windows (TM) environment, because there is currently no way to do that in linux.
d. Users of provider VirginBroadband may have connections fail due to an authentication problem. This can be avoided by editing the file: /etc/ppp/options to append a line:
if not already present). But remember to undo that if you change connection and do not need it. Since this seems to be provider-specific, and could be remedied by the provider, I have not addressed this peculiarity in Pupdial. I would reconsider this if other situations are reported that would justify adding management of the PPP-script files. Please report any other cases where editing that file or /etc/ppp/peers/wvdial is needed to resolve some issue.
7. If you are confused by all the fields to fill in in the PupDial dialer, member kultex has found a chart of the information you may need to connect to your provider. He explains here:
(You probably do not need the DNS values, but they could come in handy if required.)
Thanks in advance for whatever you can do to help add this "magic" to Puppy.
UPDATE 8/22/09: I have replaced the main dotpet with 3G_pupdial-wireless-12. This includes the improvements in the "-11" patch4 and the 4.3 beta2 release (assuming they are accepted), plus support of a few additional modems. This new version changes support of PINs and APNs, so that the PIN is issued only once per session and APNs are now associated with each dialup account. A pulse-dial (ATDP) setting is now retained. Certain Huawei modems may now be detected.
NOTE: I have not upgraded to usb_modeswitch-1.0.3 because it no longer appears to support command-line parameters, which Puppy uses. It stops with a segmentation fault.
UPDATE 9/11/09: I have re-uploaded (after download #105) the 3G_pupdial-wireless-12.pet file with a correction so that pupdial retains user-edited Init6-Init9 lines in the configuration file. The fix is also available if you already have 3G_pupdial installed, here:
UPDATE 2/7/2010: I have added 3G_pupdial-wireless-13 as a replacement for "-12". It has more modeswitch rules and support for Vodaphone and some newer modems. Remember, it is only for puppy 4.1.2 & 4.2.1. For 4.3.1, use the updates in the 4.3.1 Bugs thread here, instead:
UPDATE 2/13/2010: I found that I mistyped the 18 new rules. "-13" now is corrected. Anyone needing the new rules or still cannot get your USB modem detected should uninstall the original "-13" and download and install this replacement.
For all wireless modems. Includes initialization scripts and udev rules.
Be sure to also install one or more of the executable dotpets here, as appropriate.
Updates usb_modeswitch rules to 1/10/2010 and loads driver for more ms.
4622 Time(s)
Out of date -- please use "-13" For all wireless modems. Includes initialization scripts and udev rules.
Be sure to also install one or more of the executable dotpets here, as appropriate.
3999 Time(s)
Install this for most modems, unless you know the modem
uses the hso or nozomi driver. No change in capability from earlier versions;
but please use this before reporting any problems.
4430 Time(s)
Try this if your modem's Vendor ID is 0af0 -- the more recent
Option modems. This is similar to the k2.6.29 version and
supports 41 high-speed Option modems.
3105 Time(s)
Do NOT bother with this unless your modem is a very early GlobeTrotter,
with serial prefixes: NZ or NL, GA or GM, NB or NF.
2720 Time(s)
Last edited by rerwin on Thu 21 Apr 2011, 23:14; edited 52 times in total
Back to top
Joined: 24 Aug 2005
Posts: 2008
Location: Maine, USA
Posted: Mon 19 Jan 2009, 14:08
Post subject: 3G USB modem Integration Status log
Subject description: For tallying the state of support for each modem model
This separate posting is where I will keep track of where we stand with each modem model. Your experiences reported to me by PM (or here) will be collected here.
Modems Supported by USB_ModeSwitch Configuration File Jan. 22, 2009
# Option GlobeSurfer Icon (aka "Vodafone EasyBox")
# Option GlobeSurfer Icon 7.2
# Option GlobeTrotter GT MAX 3.6 (aka "T-Mobile Web'n'walk Card Compact II")
# Option GlobeTrotter GT MAX "7.2 Ready"
# Option GlobeTrotter EXPRESS 7.2 (aka "T-Mobile wnw Express II")
# Option GlobeSurfer Icon 7.2, new firmware (HSO driver)
# Option Icon 225 HSDPA
# Option GlobeTrotter HSUPA Modem (aka "T-Mobile Web'n'walk Card Compact III')
# Option iCON 401
# AT&T USBConnect Quicksilver (made by Option, HSO driver)
# Vodafone K3760 (made by Option, HSO driver)
# Huawei E220 (aka "Vodafone EasyBox II", aka "T-Mobile wnw Box Micro")
- Hauwei E160, which identifies as E220 - Plumtreed reports it works when set up only with pupdial, leaving baud as 9600.
# Huawei E270
# Huawei E870
# (and probably most other Huawei devices
# Huawei E169 - Muggins reports it works, although he sets baud to 460800 and needs to force loading of option driver (which should load automatically).
# Huawei E630
# ZTE MF620 (aka "Onda MH600HS")
# ZTE MF622 (aka "Onda MDC502HS")
# ZTE MF622 (probably different version)
# ZTE MF628+ (tested version from Telia / Sweden)
# ZTE MF638 (aka "Onda MDC525UP")
# ONDA MT503HS (most likely a ZTE model)
# ONDA MT505UP (most likely a ZTE model)
# Novatel Wireless Ovation MC950D HSUPA
# Novatel Wireless Merlin XU950D
# Novatel Wireless Ovation 930D
# Novatel U727 USB modem
# Novatel MC990D
# Alcatel OT-X020 (aka MBD-100HU, aka Nuton 3.5G), works with Emobile D11LC
# AnyDATA ADU-500A, ADU-510A, ADU-520A
# BandLuxe C120
# Solomon S3Gm-660
# C-motech D-50 (aka "CDU-680")
# C-motech CGU-628 (aka "Franklin Wireless CGU-628A" aka "4G Systems XS Stick W12")
# Toshiba G450
# UTStarcom UM175 (distributor "Alltel")
# Hummer DTM5731
# A-Link 3GU
# Sierra Wireless AirCard 881U (most likely 880U too)
# Sony Ericsson MD400
# LG LDU-1900D EV-DO (Rev. A)
# Samsung SGH-Z810 USB (with microSD card)
# MobiData MBD-200HU
I plan to annotate each as I receive reports on your experiences with these modems. Since I have completed my initial implementation, I need your feedback to tell whether this stuff even works for you, so we can eventually add it to Puppy.
Last edited by rerwin on Sat 14 Feb 2009, 20:20; edited 2 times in total
Back to top
Joined: 20 Jan 2006
Posts: 6759
Location: hobart
Posted: Tue 20 Jan 2009, 03:52
Post subject:
I created a fresh, frugal puppy, installed your .pet, modified usb_modeswitch.conf to remove comments from my device, 12d1:1001, rebooted, ran pupdial->probe, but no dice...not detected...is there some other step required?
Also, on line 263 of usb_modeswitch.conf, is that a stray semi-colon?
Back to top
Joined: 04 Apr 2007
Posts: 6815
Location: Chatham, Kent, UK
Posted: Tue 20 Jan 2009, 05:39
Post subject:
Hi Rich,
see my query here, about installing .pets to liveCD puppy
I've done it as a noob post as I'm a bit embarrassed at never having tried
I did post something just before xmas in the acer aspire one thread, as preparatory to going to Germany, but other events took over & I never finished testing, so now may be a good time?!
Unfortunately I don't have a burner on this lappy, and only have 2.14 & 2.14R with me
Will this .pet work with either of these, or must it be the 4 series?
If 4 series only, I'll have to wait till returning to UK - a couple of weeks, maybe?
Back to top
Joined: 24 Aug 2005
Posts: 2008
Location: Maine, USA
Posted: Tue 20 Jan 2009, 12:13
Post subject:
You are OK with merely installing the dotpet. The .conf file is not used in this implementation, since I have extracted its data into the udev rules that invoke usb_modeswitch.
Your modem should have been detected, but maybe there is more trickery needed. Let's start by your posting the contents of the files listed in my original post and attaching the udevtrace.log file (or PMing its content to me, to avoid filling up the thread). I need that for determining my next action.
After doing that, then try unplugging and replugging the modem -- if it is USB. I am not comfortable doing that with PC cards, but maybe you are OK with that. Then post/send the updated log files for analysis. Thanks.
The dotpet is only for 4.1.2 standard kernel. So you need to install puppy 4.1.2 to the hard drive, as I describe in your other thread:
Back to top
Joined: 20 Jan 2006
Posts: 6759
Location: hobart
Posted: Tue 20 Jan 2009, 19:12
Post subject:
I think I need to improve my reading skills, as I completely missed the posting .logs stuff! Anyway, I've pm'ed you logs as requested.
Back to top
Joined: 24 Aug 2005
Posts: 2008
Location: Maine, USA
Posted: Tue 20 Jan 2009, 23:22
Post subject:
Thanks for the logs. They show that (1) the modem is not seen at all at bootup. This seems to be a USB problem similar to what I see when booting with a USB flash drive plugged in; I have to replug it to get the drive icon to appear. The good news is that the modem does get seen after you unplug and replug the USB modem.
But the udev rule does not appear to get triggered. My error. I found in debugging my modem/controller dotpet (posted elsewhere), that a keyword, ATTRS, is valid for the most recent kernels, but apparently not for 2.6.25. That requires using the old equivalent, SYSFS.
I have made that change, which is now the download attachment (-2). Please uninstall the older dotpet and install the new one, above. Since the modem is not initially detected, try leaving it unplugged until booted up, then plug it in.
FYI, the trace lines for the modem are:
I am hoping the mode switch done by the rule results in the module, option, getting loaded and appearing in the logs. That's the goal.
Back to top
Joined: 07 Dec 2008
Posts: 68
Location: Australia
Posted: Thu 22 Jan 2009, 11:40
Post subject:
I would like to help because I feel that this aspect of Puppy Linux is a bit 'shaky'. My difficulty is that I am moving from place to place in the UK and I am getting mixed 'reception' on my 3G. Not only that, I am not getting any Wifi to allow speedy downloads. I have to rely on my mobile broadband.
I boot puppy from a 2gb 'dongle' and often have to use modprobe etc in a terminal to really get it running. In fact, it seems very inconsistent and requires a few manoeuvers before it works at reasonable speed. Such as plug and unplug???
I have puppy 4.1.2 on file so I can make an iso 'copy' to a disk but may find it hard to download your pet because of my lack of internet access.
I don't mean the following as a criticism but merely an indicator; my 3G goes very well in Ubuntu, which I mostly use.
How can I help with your test?
Back to top
Joined: 24 Aug 2005
Posts: 2008
Location: Maine, USA
Posted: Thu 22 Jan 2009, 14:08
Post subject:
Welcome, and thank you for offering to help with this project. Your success with Ubuntu gives us something to "shoot for", and may help us get there.
First, what is your modem? Including the vendor and product IDs shown in pupscan or lspci. I may need to ask you more about Ubuntu's implementation, but let's establish where you are re my dotpet's capabilities.
I have started with what I see as obvious in various postings and websites, and am starting to work on specific modems, as people offer them. So far, I am working with the Huawei E169, which is not automatically associated with a driver. My fear is that the mode switcher assumes the driver is loaded (so it can talk to the modem). But the key to identifying the modem appears to require the "class" to be 0xff; the device appears with 0x00. Maybe the modeswitcher makes that change, so the device is recognized. Catch 22! [EDIT: not true for the E169 - see correction below.]
In addition, I see conflicting directions on using the mode switcher for the E169. The modeswitch configuration file says to use
the "-d" or "-H" option. So I am initially trying only "-H". But another site explaining what actually works uses
options. So that may be my next step, after hearing from muggins how the -2 version of the package works.
The testing could get tedious, as I am feeling my way, here. But this needs to be done incrementally so we can establish exactly what causes what. Thank you, all, for sticking with me.
CORRECTION: Turns out that my above concern about the E169 class issue does not apply to it. Actually, it is the E160/E220 (et al) modems (ID 1003) that involve the class. So that wouldn't explain why the "option" driver is not being loaded. Let's hope the -H option helps us.
Last edited by rerwin on Thu 22 Jan 2009, 21:29; edited 1 time in total
Back to top
Joined: 07 Dec 2008
Posts: 68
Location: Australia
Posted: Thu 22 Jan 2009, 17:41
Post subject:
I'm using a Huawei E160g from the 3 network UK. It is usually recognized by most systems as Huawei e220. This is a UMTS modem.
APN '3internet'; phone number *99#; password 'three'; username 'three'
modem /dev/ttyUSB0
This does work in Puppy once it is set up but it takes a few steps to get it in place and running at a reasonable pace.
I also find that results can be very inconsistent and that things work after trying a few times. I have had it open up and run perfectly a the very beginning. Other times I have to make a few attempts or, in desperation, use the terminal and 'modprobe'.
Back to top
Joined: 24 Aug 2005
Posts: 2008
Location: Maine, USA
Posted: Thu 22 Jan 2009, 21:42
Post subject:
Great! Your modem gets treated the same as the E169 and I am pleased to know that it
be made to work in Puppy. Please tell me what those extra steps are, because they are exactly what I am attempting to automate.
The dotpet is only 59KB, which seems small and that you could download. Your modem is of the type that checks for a class of 0xff in order to associate the option driver. Does Puppy find that driver (option)? Do you use USB_modeswitch?
Back to top
Joined: 07 Dec 2008
Posts: 68
Location: Australia
Posted: Fri 23 Jan 2009, 09:29
Post subject:
I find that I have to unplug my modem and disconnect. If I then plug it in again and connect via the GPRS icon I will connect to the net. It may be necessary to try a few times to 'lock on?' but this is to be expected. (I sometimes have to try a few times with Ubuntu.)
If I boot with the modem plugged in, I have to replug etc
If I install the dongle after boot-up, I still have to unplug and reconnect.
After that, it all works satisfactorily!
I use the'usb modeswitch-0.9.5.pet and I now have your .pet installed.]
This is not 'seamless' but still quite good. It only reflects my unit obviously.
Back to top
Joined: 21 Jan 2009
Posts: 11
Posted: Fri 23 Jan 2009, 11:42
Post subject:
Hello, first of all:
Thank you for putting so much effort in a project like this!
I am still new to linux (except a few simple projects), so please bare with me
Due to incapable DSL and Cable providers we decided to switch to a UMTS internet service.
I now have a decTop (AMD Geode 366 MHz) set up with a Huawei e169g and initially followed the instructions
over here
Using Puppy 4.1.2 I was suprised that I only needed to add a modeprobe-line into rc.local and change the modem to ttyUSB0 in wvdial.conf, and it worked... almost...
In the readme of your project's .pet I found the key to my problems:
I changed the init2-string in wvdial.conf / pupdial to AT+CGDCONT=1,,"webmobil1" (and Dial Command = ATX1DT) and then the connection to o2 germany/tchibo worked.
It still seems a bit buggy though, sometimes I have to reboot or unplug/plug the usb device to be able to connect. I do not know if this is caused by the currently weak UMTS in here (construction arround the outside of our building) or if its just not stable
Due to different problems that still occur I thought I'dd just post here.
In the long run this computer is suppose to act as a wifi accesspoint router, but first I need to get the dialup reliable.
In your readme I also saw the command COP? to check which network the device is connected to.
Is there a way to manually choose the network as sometimes I still need to connect the device to a pc or mac to choose the network with the distributors software?
Also is there any way to force GPRS mode?
After reinstalling puppy a few times (system suddenly stops booting ater a few boots, just halts after usb keyboard prior to X displaying a "#"? Well, another topic...) I did not install modeswitch.pup since honestly I am a bit clueless if I need it?
Again, I am new to linux and the umts/wifi-ap is a rather big project, so sorry if I sound a bit confused at this time. I've been working on this box quite a few hours into the night and lack of regular sleep since I tried to figure out how to use a recognized wifi device in AP mode...
Back to top
Joined: 24 Aug 2005
Posts: 2008
Location: Maine, USA
Posted: Fri 23 Jan 2009, 14:00
Post subject:
Thanks for joining us. It is not clear, to me, whether the above exploits were done with my dotpet. When you do use it, please do not separately run USB-modeswitch, since the package is supposed to do that for you.. But we have not yet established that it is working. You provide a good test case. Try doing your routine but skip the modeswitch, to see if you get the same behavior as before.
My understanding is that modprobing usbserial should not be neceesary because a newer driver, option, supercedes that for these modems. But it does not seem to get loaded automatically, although I think it should, given that it appears in the USB map file. I have asked muggins to try forcing loading of the option module (with BootManager) to see if we can get any further.
But first try skipping modeswitch, so we can be sure the replacement udev rule does the job.
In the readme of your project's .pet I found the key to my problems:
I changed the init2-string in wvdial.conf / pupdial to AT+CGDCONT=1,,"webmobil1" (and Dial Command = ATX1DT) and then the connection to o2 germany/tchibo worked.
Right now this is beyond what I am dealing with, but no harm in discussing it. My idea for that sort of thing is that the GPRS-modem setup option in the connect wizard, or an expanded tool for all 3G variations or even in the modem-initialization scripts for each driver, would handle those modifications. It might turn out that part of that should be integrated into PupDial, too. But I need to take it a step at a time, to avoid getting confused. My immediate goal is to get the detection and modeswitch portion to be reliable, perhaps adding logic somewhere to retry initialization of balky modems. And then to attack getting the modems to actually work. It seems like a big job, so I hope to do it, little by little.
Afterthought: You should be able to replace your modprobe of usbserial into the BootManager's "add list", now that it accepts parameters. But change only one thing per test, to avoid confounding the results.
Back to top
Joined: 04 Apr 2007
Posts: 6815
Location: Chatham, Kent, UK
Posted: Sat 24 Jan 2009, 10:49
Post subject:
linked here
Back to top
Display posts from previous:
All Posts
1 Day
7 Days
2 Weeks
1 Month
3 Months
6 Months
1 Year
Sort by:
Post Time
Post Subject
Page 1 of 37
[543 Posts]
Goto page:
View previous topic
View next topic
Forum index
Advanced Topics
Puppy Projects
Jump to:
Select a forum
Forum index
|___ House Training
| |___ Beginners Help ( Start Here)
| |___ Users ( For the regulars )
| | |___ Usuarios de habla Hispana
| | |___ Für deutschsprachige Anhänger
| | |___ Pour les francophones
| |
| |___ HOWTO ( Solutions )
| |___ Bugs ( Submit bugs )
|___ Advanced Topics
| |___ Additional Software (PETs, n' stuff)
| | |___ Package Collections / Repositories
| | |___ Browsers and Internet
| | |___ Business
| | |___ Compiling
| | |___ Desktop
| | |___ Documents
| | |___ Drivers
| | |___ Educational
| | |___ Engineering/Science/Simulation
| | |___ Eye Candy
| | |___ Filesystem
| | |___ Games
| | |___ Graphics
| | |___ Multimedia
| | |___ Network
| | |___ Security/Privacy
| | |___ System
| | |___ Utilities
| | |___ Virtualization
| | |___ Unsorted
| |
| |___ Cutting edge
| | |___ Multi-session live-CD/DVD
| |
| |___ Hardware
| | |___ Audio
| | |___ Networking
| | | |___ Dialup
| | | |___ Ethernet
| | | |___ Wireless
| | |
| | |___ Printers
| | |___ Video
| |
| |___ Puppy Derivatives
| |___ Puppy Projects
| |___ Next Puppy Development
| | |___ 4.x
| | | |___ Bugs (4.x dev)
| | | |___ Usability Issues (4.x dev)
| | |
| | |___ 5.x
| | |___ Bugs (5.x dev)
| | |___ Usability Issues (5.x dev)
| |
| |___ Localization Project
| |___ Documentation Project
|___ Taking the Puppy out for a walk
| |___ Announcements
| |___ Puppy Power
| |___ Suggestions
| |___ Misc
|___ Off-Topic Area
|___ Programming
|___ Security
|___ Truly off-topic conversations
post new topics in this forum
reply to topics in this forum
edit your posts in this forum
delete your posts in this forum
vote in polls in this forum
attach files in this forum
download files in this forum
Powered by
© 2001, 2005 phpBB Group
[ Time: 1.0130s ][ Queries: 13 (0.8610s) ][ GZIP on ]


text:
Utah State University geographer Claudia Radel recently added another continent to her impressive list of travel destinations. A faculty member in USU's Department of Environment and Society, Radel has conducted extensive study in Africa and areas of Latin America. In Oct. 2012, she traveled to Southeast Asia, an area new to her, to participate in a multinational, multi-institution effort to develop university-level climate change curricula.
Radel traveled to the Lower Mekong River Basin, visiting universities in Thailand and Vietnam, as part of a six-member U.S. delegation participating in the "Integrating Climate Change into Forestry and Natural Resource Management Curricula" workshop led by the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Forest Service International Programs office. In addition to the U.S. delegation, workshop participants included government officials and university personnel from the region.
"It was a fascinating experience," says Radel, associate professor of international development, political ecology and feminist geography. "It was especially interesting to see the incredible transition taking place in Vietnam, as it moves from a communist system to a more market-based economy."
The curricula development effort, which involves eight universities in the Lower Mekong, is part of USAID's "Lowering Emissions in Asia's Forests" or "LEAF" program. Launched in 2011, LEAF is a five-year, $20 million initiative aimed at engaging regional governments, forestry and climate mitigation specialists and universities in technical capacity-building focused on "REDD-readiness."
"REDD," which stands for "Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation," refers to the United Nations' program for developing nations, initiated in 2008, that promotes use of market and financial incentives, such as sale and purchase of carbon shares, to reduce greenhouse gases.
"We had the opportunity to visit three of the universities involved in the curricula development project – one in Thailand and two in Vietnam," Radel says. "One of these, Kasetsart University in Bangkok, is where USU professor Roger Kjelgren has established a longstanding partnership with Utah State."
She says workshop participants identified four focus areas or "modules" for curricula development: 1) Basic Climate Change; 2) Social and Environmental Soundness; 3) Land Use Planning and Climate Change and 4) Carbon Measurement and Monitoring. Workshop teams, with U.S. and Mekong co-leaders, were assigned to the development of each module.
"Because of my expertise in gender studies, I was assigned to the Social and Environmental Soundness," Radel says.
Among the highlights of her visit, were trips to university campuses in Hanoi in northern Vietnam and Dalat, a city in the southern part of Vietnam's central highlands.
"Dalat, with its cool temperatures and pine trees, surprised me," Radel says. "I envisioned Vietnam as mostly tropical."
Now that she's back in Utah, Radel will work with her curricula development colleagues by email and videoconferencing.
"It was a bit daunting getting everyone connected and meeting across time zones, but it's working out well," she says. "It's exciting to be involved in a multinational, applied effort that will address real social needs."
Related Links
"USU Geographer Explores Making a Living in an Interconnected World," Utah State Today
USU Department of Environment and Society
USU Quinney College of Natural Resources
Contact: Claudia Radel, 435-797-0516, firstname.lastname@example.com
Writer: Mary-Ann Muffoletto, 435-797-3517, firstname.lastname@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Today's Unemployment Insurance (UI) agencies face unique challenges. Reduced budgets and decreasing unemployment rates are forcing agencies to do more with less. In addition, aging technologies are struggling to support the efficient, fair and transparent administration of UI laws and policies.
Agencies need a solution that centralizes data and reduces costs, thereby enabling them to focus on combatting fraud, providing payments and delivering quality customer service.
Automation and Self-Service for Improved Performance
AcUIty provides an online self-service platform for claimants and employers that centralizes tax, benefits and appeals data. It includes:
- A high degree of automation, which resolves issues without human intervention
- Fact-finding resources and case management, which enables employees to quickly respond to UI issues
- Online integrated information data sources, which promote self-service
- Single database implementation, which integrates all tax, benefits and appeals data
- Rules-based architecture, which enables users to implement regulatory and policy changes without complex software development
100 UI Experts with Proven Results
Our team of more than 100 UI experts draws on extensive state, government and UI consulting experience to offer comprehensive, rules-based business solutions. Agencies throughout the US have experienced the following:
- 80% reduction in issue backlogs
- $1.5-million reduction in annual operational costs
- 75% increase in data accuracy
- 20% increase in staff time to focus on value-added services
In December 2013, we signed a partnership with the Southeast Consortium Unemployment Insurance Benefits Initiative (SCUBI) to design both technical and business processes, then develop and implement a multi-state UI benefits system.


text:
- Home
- Collections
- Brides & Reviews & Media
- Help Links
- Gallery
- Wholesale
- Contact Us
ALANDRA / Breathtaking Fitted Wedding Dress with Deep Plunge and Amazing Beading Detail. Mix of Nude and Ivory with Abstract Layer of Tulle Combined with Gorgeous Floral Appliques and Masterpiece Beadwork - Truly AMAZING STYLE!
❤ COLOR: IVORY + NUDE (color as in picture).
❤ MATERIAL: Lace Applique, Tulle, Lining, Beading Materials.
❤ LENGTH: Floor length with Train.
❤ SLEEVES: Small Cap Sleeves.
❤ CLOSURE: Closure is Hidden Zipper.
❤ OTHER DETAILS: Dress Top Part in my pictures is Semi-Transparent and it would see through. For additional coverage please consider to purchase Lace Panel and/or Lace Covered Bra Cups from options with Your Dress.
❤ CUSTOMIZATION: Please remark your Customization Request during check out. This can also be cleared up after you place your order.
❤ NOTE: The Color of this style is carefully selected for a most beautiful combination. It's a delicate mix of Ivory and Nude. If possible, I would suggest you to stick with Original Color or Fully in Ivory.
❤ RUSH ORDER: I accept Rush Orders. Please contact me.
❤ PACKING: In order to save your shipping cost, dress will be packed tightly with water proof bag.
I will be Your Private Tailor!
A LaceMarry Dress is Just For You!
In Your Custom Measurements, Requests and Needs!
I can also Customize My Dresses to be Unique and Perfect Just for You - In the Way How You Dream to be Perfect on Your Big Day, Prom or any of Your Event!
Please Contact me Here for Your Custom Requests or Questions.
My Dear Bride,
Please print out my MEASUREMENT INSTRUCTIONS HERE and take them to a PROFESSIONAL SEAMSTRESS to get your measurements correctly.
Please just fill the information below and Copy Paste it in the Order Note Field above!
Wedding or Event Date: __________
Color: As in Picture or Custom Color: __________
Bust: __________
Under Bust: __________
Waist: __________
Hips: __________
Shoulder to Waist: __________
Shoulder to Nipple: __________
Shoulder to Hem: __________
Shoulder to Shoulder: __________
Arm Hole: __________
Biceps: __________
Wrist: __________
Sleeve Length: __________
Description of Customization (only if you need): __________
❤Depending on a particular style, I may need additional measurements. After you placed your order, I will inform you about this.
I work with Ivory Laces (My Ivory is like Warm White).
Because in my style and understanding, Ivory is the Best to give that warm Vintage effect to My Dresses.
If you want to change the color of Your Dress to different than the one shown in the photos, please CONTACT ME and I will assist you with my comments.
For more information, Please see my following Help Links:
FAQ, Return Policy, Payment, Shipping, Custom Orders


text:
Serious Beer: American Pale Ales
Seeking out the best in malty, hoppy refreshment.
Our team of hale ale tasters gathered an array of beers brewed in the beautiful American Pale Ale style in order to pick a favorite. These beers typically present a golden-amber-orange hue that hints at the caramel backbone within. What you'll likely taste first, however, is that piney, citrus-hop freshness that makes APAs so intriguing, combined with a tempering maltiness that makes them so drinkable. We sought a perfect malt/hop balance—call it the (bitter)sweet spot—as well as enticing aromas and integrated flavors.
This roundup isn't about English-Style Pales from American brewers, though we do love a few of those, particularly Firestone Walker's Double Barrel Ale, a deliciously smooth and richly grainy beer with enough hops to clean the palate. Deschutes' Mirror Pond is also a solid version, earthy with hints of bergamot (though we prefer their Red Chair NWPA.)
Here are our thoughts on seventeen American Pale Ales, but of course there are many more to try. Do you have a favorite pale ale that we should add to our list (and our fridge)?
Serious Beer Ratings
5/5 Mindblowing; a new favorite
4/5 Awesome, stock up on this
3/5 Around average for the style
2/5 There are probably better options
1/5 No, thanks, I'll have water.
Top of the Crop
Half Acre Daisy Cutter Illinois, 5.2% ABV A truly outstanding entry in the APA arena, and really, what's not to love about the citric power of what feels like an entire basket of grapefruits? Highly hoppy, very bright, floral, grapefruit-astringent and cleanly crisp, Daisy Cutter manages to balance all its high notes in a smooth, drinkable can. Mouthfeel is mild and gentle, just enough bitterness to challenge and entice. Can't get enough. 4.5/5
Deschutes Red Chair NWPA Oregon, 6.4% ABV Is it an IPA? An Oregon-style Pale Ale? We won't nitpick, but this beer blurs the lines a little. The nose is a burst of mossy pine and grapefruit peel, and the hops in this brew smack you several times over: sweet candied orange, green grass, and then a super-bitter finish that hints at radicchio. The backbone is toffeelike malt, hay, and apricot, and this beer is on the rich side. The hop lovers among us can't help but fall in love with this beer. 4.5/5
Odell 5 Barrel Pale Ale Colorado, 5.2% ABV This deeply resiny beer may have almost nothing to do with its English ancestors, but it's lipsmackingly tasty. Fresh squeezed orange juice, layers of guava, mango, and buttery caramel popcorn, with a hint of orange bitters and grapefruit peel and a clean finish make us want another. Hugely flavorful beer for the level of alcohol. 4.25/5
Founders Pale Ale Michigan, 5.4% ABV Crisp and citric, grainy-greeny, Founder's dry-hopped entry into the APA realm is an exceptionally balanced, hops-forward beer with a bitter finish. It manages a fresh taste even throughout its sweeter notes, though its tame aroma may deceive you. 4.25/5
Stone Brewing Co. Pale Ale California, 5.4% ABV This aggressive, concentrated beer has become something of a classic, but it's not for everyone. Several of our tasters far prefer Stone's IPA to this pale, which they found intensely bitter and slightly musty. It's dry, with hints of spruce boughs, earthy molasses, grapefruit peel, and a lingering bitterness. There's a little brutality to its punch—but its directness doesn't make it uncomplex. 4/5
Firestone Pale 31 California, 4.8% ABV This beer is much more resiny and fruity than Firestone's Double Barrel, with quite a punch of orange-pineapple juiciness with hints of lavender, rosemary, mango, and lemon peel. The rich graininess of this beer didn't quite connect to the hops for us as the beer warmed; serve it just under cellar temperature. 4/5
Drakes 1500 Dry Hopped Pale Ale California, 5.5% ABV This mouthfilling beer isn't shy: the aroma is a bit like a fruit cup: pineapple, grapefruit, mandarin. But after a fruity burst up front, it follows through with a nice full body laden with tart white grapefruit and pretty extreme bitterness. If you're a hophead, you'll dig it. 4/5
Solid Contenders
Blue Point American Pale Ale New York, 4.6% ABV This big-bottle beer is bracing, with mown-grass flavors and hints of lemon thyme. A delicate light-wheat bread and kettle corn flavor stands up to the bitterness, but this beer is a bit more intense than Blue Points other offerings. Thirst quenching, barbecue-ready, with ample, fine carbonation. 3.75/5
Great Lakes Burning River Pale Ale Ohio, 6% ABV Smooth and soft-finishing for a hoppy APA, Burning River is exceptionally drinkable, almost graciously balanced. Its initial clean, piney, hop bitterness recedes quietly to that soft mouthfeel and caramel/stone fruit sweetness. It's not Great Lakes' strongest statement of a beer, but it's a fine and gentle example of the style. 3.5/5
Victory Brewing Company Headwaters Pale Ale Pennsylvania, 5.1% The aroma advertises peach ring candy, but this beer isn't as sweet as it smells, and a moment of fruity openess turns over into a fresh punch of hoppy bitterness. We tasted rye toast and peach tea, with puckering grapefruit peel on the finish. It's a dry, crisp beer, lacking the richness of some of the others we tried. 3.5/5
We Wouldn't Say No To These
Anchor Liberty Ale California 5.9% ABV This beer recipe may have originated in the 70s, but it still resonates for hophounds. Fine, refreshing carbonation, resiny and chamomile-tinged hop flavor, grainy malt reminiscent of banana bread. Nothing harsh about it, but this trailblazer is unlikely to really wow today's extreme beer lovers. 3.25/5
Caldera Pale Ale Oregon, 5.5% ABV Some folks will find this one seriously refreshing while others will be put off by the aggressive bitterness; this crisp pale ale has an almost pilsner-style snap to it, and though the nose is super-fragrant pineapple and mandarin orange, this beer lacks the sweet fruitiness of Caldera's delicious amber. We tasted 7-grain bread, bitter lemon rind, and an almost metallic bitterness on the finish. 3.25/5
Sierra Nevada Pale Ale California, 5.6% ABV There's a reason Sierra Nevada has become a go-to in the American Pale Ale category, and it's not just distribution. The beer's balanced bitterness makes it a bit of a benchmark. While it won't challenge you or freak you out, its floral-citric brightness and easy, clean, lemon hoppiness make for a very solid pale ale. 3.25/5
New Belgium Mighty Arrow Colorado, 6% ABV This arrow's might is served up with a blunted tip: it's hoppy in a brute-force, vertical sense, all back-end bitterness on a honey-malt bed. Drinkable (and perfect for a hot day) with a smooth finish, but there's a lack of nuance here. 3.25/5
Otter Creek Pale Ale Vermont, 4.6% ABV Otter Creek's perfectly sessionable pale ale starts bitter and ends abruptly—though the nose promises something fruitier and more complex. On the palate it's simple, ephemeral, and finishes. Uncontroversially hoppy and frustratingly ephemeral. 3.25/5
Dale's Pale Ale Colorado, 6.5% ABV This mild, malty beer doesn't have the fresh pop of some of the others; the hopping leaves us with candied orange flavor and a lingering bitter finish. 3/5
Sun King Osiris Indiana, 5.6% ABV Rye bread and honey in the aroma, potent bitter-earthy hops, a bready (but slightly sour) finish. Grainy with hints of toasted sesame. The flavors aren't totally integrated here. More earthy bitterness than some; not much fruit and pine. 2.75/5
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


text:
We opted for a page with the minimal amount of information. To maximize the speed at which we could add information. However, when it came to semantics, we tried to be as explicit as possible, and, e.g. use the CHEMINF ontology. So, it collected:
- InChIKey (used to show images)
- the paper it was collected from (identified by a DOI)
- the value, and where possible, the experimental error
A page typically looks something like this:
While not used on all pages, at some point I even started using templates, and I used these two, for molecules and papers:
These templates, as well as the above screenshot, already contain a spoiler, but more about that later. Using MediaWiki functionality it was now easy to make lists, e.g. for all pKa data (more spoilers):
But I still do not want to get this data get lost. Wikidata is something I have started using, as it is a machine readable CCZero database with an increasing amount of scientific knowledge. More and more people are working on it, and you must absolutely read this paper about this very topic (by a great team you should track, anyway). I am using it myself as source of identifier mappings and more. So, migrating the previously collected data to Wikidata makes perfect sense to me:
- if a compound is missing, I can easily create a new one using Bioclipse
- if a paper is missing, I can easily create a new one using Magnus Manske's QuickStatements
- Wikidata has a pretty decent provenance model
I can annotate data with the data source (paper) it came from and also experimental conditions:
In fact, you'll note that the the book is a separate Wikidata entry in itself. Better even, it's an 'edition' of the book. This is the whole point we make in the above linked H2020 proposal: Wikidata is not a database specific for one domain, it works for any (scholarly) domain, and seamlessly links all those domains.
Now, to keep track of what data I have migrated, I am annotating DrugMet entries with links to Wikidata: everything with a Wikidata Q-code is already migrated. The above pKa table already shows Q-identifiers, but I also created them for all data sources I have used (three of them are two books and one old paper without a DOI):
I have still quite a number of entries to do, but all the protocols are set up now.
On the downstream side, Wikidata is also great because of their SPARQL end point. Something that I did not get worked out some weeks ago, I did manage yesterday (after some encouragement from @arthursmith): list all pKa statements, including literature source if available:
If you run that query on the Wikidata endpoint, you get a table like this:
We here see experimental data from two papers: 10.1021/ja01489a008 and 10.1021/ed050p510. This can all be displayed a lot fancier, like make histograms, tables with 2D drawings of the chemical structures, etc, but I leave that to the reader.


text:
DENVER, April 13 (UPI) -- Jan Hejda's blast from the point with 7 seconds left Saturday capped a Colorado rally and boosted the Avalanche over Vancouver 4-3.
Trailing 3-2 after Jason Garrison's goal gave Vancouver the lead early in the final frame, the Avalanche got the equalizer with 7 minutes to go when P.A. Parenteau notched his 16th goal of the season.
Then, with an extra attacker on the ice as time was running down, Colorado pulled out the victory when Hejda's slap shot found its way past Canucks goalie Cory Schneider.
Gabriel Landeskog and Cody McLeod also tallied for the Avs, who improved to 2-4-2 in April.
Jean-Sebastien Giguere made 24 saves in the victory.
Maxim Lapierre and Jannik Hansen each scored and Schneider finished with 22 saves for Northwest Division-leading Vancouver.


text:
Dress Shirts
Shopping for a nice dress shirt for men can be hard work, and can feel like visiting Your Grand-Pa's Closet: Same Old Boring Dress Shirts!
The Modus Man Slogan is: Against "boring" Shirts.
We strive to create a Destination where every shirt has that "Woaw" Effect.
Items 1 - 30 of 2 | View All
Items 1 - 30 of 2 | View All


text:
PVC Board Printed Signs 24"x36"
Use our Design It Yourself option to create your own design, or upload a ready to print file.
File uploads - Can be done directly into the design online program. Or check out and upload your file using the upload section on top of this website.
Expanded PVC sheet characteristics:
- Chemical and corrosion resistance
- Moisture resistance, very low water absorption (will not rot)
- Low flammability (UL-94 VO flame rating), perfect for tradeshow and exhibit hall use
- Thermal and sound insulation (absorbs vibrations and oscillations)
- Approved for use where food is processed or sold
- Similar surface finish on both sides of the sheet
- Matte surface
expanded PVC sheets are not harmful to human health or the environment in their manufacture, application and disposal. They are free of lead, cadmium and barium and complies with national and international regulations protecting health and the environment.
Brand names of PVC include: Sintra®, Komatex®, Palight®, and others
Printing the PVC plastic signs
Printed with UV curable inks directly onto the pvc, which produces a high quality outdoor durable print.
Easel Back Option:
Create a free standing display by adding an easel back to your pvc sign.
While lamination is not needed for foamcore signs it can be used to add to the look of the sign. Gloss lamination adds a high gloss look, Matte lamination adds a low glare finish (similar to the foam board finish). Dry erase lamination is a high gloss laminate that has a hard surface that can be written on with dry erase makers and wiped off.
Design Templates
• Design layout should be 24" x 36"
• PDF or High Quality JPG files are preferred.
• No bleed is required
• RGB or CMYK color space work equally well
• Image resolution should be approx 150dpi at final size for best printing.
• Large files should be uploaded after the order is placed using the "File Upload" tab at the top of the website.