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It's the time of the year when you need to get ready for your wedding day. You have to look the best because after all, it's your day. In South India brides always go for bold and stunningly beautiful sarees that will make them look no less than a queen. On a wedding day, every bride dreams of looking drop dead gorgeous. They want to get ready for the camera and for everyone to appreciate her beauty. That's why South Indian weddings adorn Kanchipuram sarees, after all, what's not to like about them. These sarees look stunning, they are available in bold bright colours and even have gold thread work. The broad golden borders make them look gorgeous. And when you pair it with a heavy blouse the spectators are left spell bounded.
Some brides may want to wear only designer sarees but no one can take away the charm of a beautiful Kanchipuram silk saree. They are unique in their own way and who so ever wears it is surely going to attract a good amount of attraction. Kanchipuram saris are quintessential, they are beautiful and comfortable to wear. When you pair the saree with the right kind of jewellery, the complete attire looks unparalleled to any other dress or attire. Kanchipuram silk sarees are a must have in any South Indian Wedding. Without them no wedding is complete. shopping url: https://kanjivaramsilks.com
The history
The history of Kanchipuram silk sarees goes way back. It is said that the weavers of Kanchi silk were the descendants of the master weaver who used to weave for Sage Markanda deity. Kanchipuram is always considered to be the finest quality of silk saree and they are made with pure mulberry silk thread. That's the reason why Kanchipuram silk sarees are so popular in the market and will remain so forever.
Kanchipuram sari was initially worn on the wedding day by the brides only because of its cost but gradually the cost of the sarees became affordable and many women were seen wearing them and flaunting them in parties. We have prepared a list of tips which will help you choose the right and the genuine Kanchipuram silk saree from the market:
- Always pick a Kanchipura sari which suits your complexion and also your body type. The colour of the saree should complement your skin tone. Since it's your wedding day, you would want your saree to complement the entire function. For that, you should always choose a darker shade for the saree. For the wedding, the best Kanchipuram sari would be either a royal blue or indigo. These colours will make you look slimmer too. You can also go for multi-colour options as well, like for example, the upper half of the saree has Royal Blue in it and the bottom half is covered in indigo. Just like the pink and gold combination, which is also worth a try. Two layered Kanchipuram sarees will make you look slimmer too.
- While picking a Kanchipuram sari always keep in mind the embellishments. They should suit your body type. Like for example, if you are a little heavier than choosing a saree with a lesser amount of embellishments will be better. Rather keep the embellishments to the lower side and pick a saree with a broad border. Borders with bright colour will create a thinner look for your body type. Borders with zari and kundans are also great which has copper or gold shades in it. They will glitter all night long making you look even more enchanting.
- If you want to buy a Kanchipuram sari with print then our suggestion would be to buy a saree which has vertical or else horizontal prints all over it. You certainly don't want to look heavy on your wedding day, hence buy accordingly. Mind your makeup and make sure it matches with the colour of your saree. Printed Kanchipuram sarees which have broad borders and buttas look really-really nice.
- Contrast is always a good idea, be it for a wedding day or for any other occasion. Don't stress over it, Kanchipuram saris always go well with contrast. Say for example you choose a bright red colour, it will always go well with green. Pick a gorgeous red colour Kanchipuram sari and pair it with an equally beautiful green colour blouse. Design a beautiful blouse piece for you which will make you stand out on your wedding day. Pair it with some beautiful gold jewellery.
- If you are up for a fusion style and are more into lehenga rather than drapping an entire saree then a kanchipuram saree worn as a lehenga will be a fantastic idea for you. If you are a South Indian who is getting married to a North Indian family then this fusion will be simply marvellous! No questions asked. Don't forget to wear heavy pallu to complete your wedding attire look. Flaunt your style and look no less than a diva on your wedding day. It's your day and you have every right to style the Kanchipuram saree the way you want it.
- For a fusion match, if you are choosing a Kanchipuram which has an elaborate pallu then pull your pallu towards the front to let it be seen by everyone. You can wear it in a Gujrati style. If you are a little heavy and want to cover yourself gracefully without looking bulky then use this style. It will suit you perfectly.
- If you have purchased a Kanchipuram saree which is really heavy in weight and also has a heavy border, you can try the Mumtaz style on yourself too. This style is best suitable for those who are skinny and thin. This pattern will make your body look curvier and you can flaunt your figure too. Style should never fade away.
- If you are going for a traditional way of wearing your Kanchipuram saree then do add a gold belt. It enhances the look of your saree and will make you look drop dead gorgeous. Basically, once you finish draping it, secure the pallu with pins to ensure that it will stay in place. After that wear your gold plate and show it to everyone.
Now you know how to wear your Kanchipuram silk saree in a different way and also why it is loved by every bride. If your wedding day is approaching then don't forget to buy them and buy only the best one at kanchipuram silk sarees store, 251-9 gandhi road, kanchipuram 631501, tel nr: 9677063537


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Happy Holidays Janeites. Today, I am so pleased to present an exclusive interview with bestselling and award-winning author Julie Klassen who has just released her latest historical romance mystery, The Belle to Bridge Island. Set in Regency-era London and an island on the River Thames, it is her return to historical suspense after writing her trilogy The Tales of Ivy Hill. Julie has generously answered my questions about the book and a few other intriguing topics as well.
Welcome, Julie:
Congratulation Julie! You have just released your 14th Historical romance novel, The Bridge to Belle Island. Can you share your inspiration for this new work?
Thank you! It's always difficult to trace an idea back to one "aha" moment, but for this book, I would say I was inspired by learning of all the smaller islands that exist within the island of Great Britain, especially in the Lake District and on the Thames River. I enjoyed researching several of these tiny, fascinating places with intriguing names like Eel Pie Island, Pharaoh's Island, Monkey Island, and others. Some of them have fine homes on them, others are uninhabited. Some are reachable by bridge, others only by boat. Many have colorful histories.
How do you select a title, and is there any significance in your choice of The Bridge to Belle Island?
Actually, The Bridge to Belle Island wasn't my original working title. Determining titles is a group effort between me and my editors. They ask me for several ideas and we go back and forth until we all agree on a winning title. I felt strongly about having "island" in the title since that was part of my original inspiration, plus an island setting is so appealing for a mystery. (And Then There Were None, anyone?) I suggested this title, because the bridge plays an important role in the novel (the main character is unable to cross it at the beginning) and "bridge" also hints at one of the themes of the book. I LOVE that the designer featured a bridge on the cover.
After your trilogy, The Tales of Ivy Hill, you have returned to Regency mystery/suspense. What intrigued you do so? Continue reading

subset: commoncrawl


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Sooooo, my 40th birthday is next year. September 18, 2018 to be exact. I have been thinking about a King project to commence on that date. I have only mentioned it to one other person (a friend of mine on Instagram) and I am pretty nervous about it. It is a huge undertaking should I wish to proceed. Well, I am ready to reveal it now to the universe. Once you put it on social media, you know it's true! My plan is to read all of Stephen King's published novels in order of publication date (except for The Dark Tower series, which I am reading currently and is an entity unto itself).
A lot of these will be rereads for me as I have read 33 of his books and I am sure I will be reading more before the 9/18/18 date. I haven't decided if I want to include short-story collections in this read. I would use his website, "The Library" section, organized by publication date to get the correct order. First up, of course would be Carrie and that would be a reread (as a matter of fact, the first 8 books would be rereads but they're some of the best so who cares!?). The way he writes, this may be a project that lasts the rest of my life! I hope he continues working as he has been the past few years – although how he is doing it without using a body- or brain-double, I have no idea! A lot to think about between now and then – I just wanted to get the idea down somewhere to mull over further!
Cheers to the weekend, booknerds – I hope you get a lot of pages read this weekend!
Side note: the photo above is one that I took for my bookstagram page featuring four vintage King paperbacks from my collection and my tarot cards. I just love how it came out – nerdy pride for that one.


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The Adda sofa has been designed by Antonio Citterio for Flexform. The armrest cushions and backrest slide over the structure, giving the chair a distinctive feature. In addition, the horizontal seams on the armrests and backrest cushions follow and accentuate the natural creases that are created by the act of sitting.
Details: Model of 245 cm long. Pelle skin upholstery. Does not include cushions. Chrome legs.
Consult more information with Naharro furniture.


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Space Case Grinders
Genuine Space Case Grinders are precision made in the USA from the finest materials and finished to perfection. Polished aircraft aluminum and titanium grinders and 4 piece grinder/sifters. Pick up a Space Case Pollen Press to complete the collection.


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Student Fundraising
Student Club and Organization Fundraising Guidelines 2019-2020 Academic Year
Only registered student organizations and official Fitchburg State University entities may engage in fundraising/solicitation activities to sell products or services or to collect donations in the name of the University or the group. Organizations must obtain approval for on-campus and off-campus fundraising activities. Fundraising efforts will be approved on a first-come, first-served basis each semester.
1. To request approval, the organization shall complete a Fundraising Request Form (PDF) and submit it for signature first to Director of Student Development and then to the Development Office, which will maintain the file of approved/disapproved requests for the respective academic year.
2. Student fundraising projects must be submitted to the Development Office for approval no less than two weeks in advance using the Development Office Student Fundraising Proposal form.
3. Fundraising proposals must also include (if applicable) drafts of letters of solicitation and lists of businesses, individuals and alumni to be approached.
4. Solicitations may not be made to a Development Office approved organization, business, or individual more than twice a semester. On-campus vendors may consider donations more than twice a semester if they are able to accommodate. Student clubs and organizations will need to coordinate among themselves early at the start of each semester to plan in advance to avoid conflict among the many fundraising efforts.
5. Monies must be turned in within two working days of the day any funds are collected to:
- The Development Office, if the club or organization has a Foundation account
- The Finance Office, if the club or organization has a University account
6. Donations to a club or organization with a Foundation account of $25 or more need to include the collection of all contact information about the donor: name, address, city, state, zip, phone and email so the Foundation may provide tax-deductible receipts for the donation.
7. The club or organization must keep accurate financial records and provide to the University or Development Office, upon request, a full and complete accounting. (Normally this applies only to more complex fundraising events.)
8. These projects must be conducted in a lawful manner and in compliance with University regulations. State law prohibits raffles and lotteries except within very specific parameters involving sales promotion activities, which are strictly regulated. The University and the Foundation are required to file a tax return for each raffle that is held on campus. This tax return must be filed within 10 days of the event. The Financial Services Accounting Office will prepare and file all tax returns. Please see the Raffle Tax Form (PDF) for required documentation necessary to hold raffles.


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Welcome Back for 2019-20! We have a lot of fun ahead and this year is going to be different in a lot of ways.
Take a look around the web page. You'll notice a black banner above with links to some other pages including links our syllabi and and a really brief introduction to this classroom.
If you are looking for blog entries specific to your class, there are 2 new categories : Biology and Physical Science. Just click on the category to the left and you see only the entries that pertain to your class.
We'll be using online textbooks for both classes so the log-on information will be posted here if you ever forget how to get into the "tech"books.
For Physical Science it's Discovery Ed, or DE; found here: https://bethel.discoveryeducation.com/. Our logins go as follows:
- Username: email@example.com (1234 represents student id #)
Password: AA1234 (AA represents your initials as capital letters and 1234 is your student id #)
- It is my understanding that the passwords are now your studentID + your initials. please try both ways if you are struggling to log-in.
For Biology, we now use links through our Google Classroom to access the text. We will be using Google Classroom extensively, so get started by using the correct code to enroll yourself:
Biology 3: tomlfpa
Biology 4: iupoeks
PhySci 5: nh2o6lc
PhySci 6: mcshc52
PhysSci 8: hcc6bnm
PhySci 1: ylxal5f


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Easiyo is full of flavour, full of goodness and full of life. Just add water to let billions of good bacteria do their thing and turn the best New Zealand milk into fresh, yummy yogurt – just like REAL yogurt should be.
Full of good staff….
- all natural ingredients
- gluten free
- 34% RDA calcium per serving
- vegetarian
And….. full of life!
- billions of life culyures in evry spoonful
- acidophilus


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Ingonish, Cape Breton stabbing seriously injures 3
Three men, 18, 19 and 20, were stabbed. All in serious condition
Three young men were seriously injured after stabbings near Ingonish, Cape Breton.
RCMP Cpl. Scott MacRae said the incident happened just before 2 a.m. on a small rural road off the Cabot Trail.
"There was a large party going on and several people that were [not] invited showed up. Now we're just trying to piece together some sort of disturbance [that] took place where an 18, 19, and 20-year-old male were stabbed," he said.
MacRae said the victims did not know the suspects who fled the scene. He said the investigation into the matter continues.
"We have to try to figure out exactly who was at the party, then of course it will depend on the level of cooperation of people providing information to the police. With people injured, the victims in this case, the three men — that will take a little bit of time, but we'll also try to speak to them," said MacRae.
All three victims remain in serious condition at Cape Breton Regional Hospital but one person was later transported to hospital in Halifax.
No arrests have been made.


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Some of you have been praying for Jerry - in the Prayer Request section in the side bar. Jerry was a retired Navy chaplain who was a faithful attendee and supporter of our local chapel. About 3 - 4 weeks ago he was diagnosed with cancer.
He died this a.m. Please remember to pray for his family and friends who will miss him. Through the tears, as I got the phone call and digested the news, I smiled...because our Jerry had such a dry sense of humor. He always had a twinkle in his eye - that's rare you know. I can see him, free of pain and having a grand time with Jesus.
Thanks for your prayers for Jerry over the last few weeks. He's now truly home free!
Choosing Joy!
~ Coram Deo ~
Living all of life before the face of God...


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Apple;iPod Touch 2G - 3G


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We've all seen it… that gal (or guy) at the gym who never seems to break a sweat. It's amazing, isn't it? Imagine being able to do your cardio, get changed, and head home all without ever needing to shower. Sounds good right?
Wrong! There's a difference between "going to the gym" and working out. Make sure you know which is which if you want to get results.


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We provide a variety of professional and high quality bespoke glass design and build solutions, from frameless conservatories to skylights, or elegant balustrades. Whatever you're looking for, Morelight Glass Design can help you get exactly what you need.
In recent years glass has become a very popular material in the building trade. We at MGDL believe adding glass to your home will give the ultimate wow factor, changing the whole dimension and feel of a room. If you are looking for something unique or if you are hoping to create something more simple, we are more than happy to help you find the perfect design. our quotations are free.
Our team are very experienced within the structural glazing and sealant application industry. We work alongside our own highly experienced architects or, if preferred, direct to you. We are a family run, passionate team that pride ourselves on providing excellent communication and reliability throughout all of our projects.
We specialise in all types of glass projects
- Structural glazing
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A Summary of The Prince: By Niccolo Machiavelli
John R. Posey
Hall, Page 1
Nicolo Machiavelli is one of the great political thinkers of the Middle Ages and is still widely
read today. He created a system of political thought that based on the principle of detaching
religion from the public affairs of the state—"The Separation of Church and State." Until
Machiavelli, the role of the Church and State was not separate. Political theory linked poltical
law with a higher moral law.
Machiavelli was born at Florence on 3rd May 1469. He was the second son of Bernardo di
Nicolo Machiavelli, a lawyer and Bartolommea di Stefano Nelli, his wife. Both of his parents
were members of the old Florentine nobility.
Machiavelli's life falls naturally into three periods which reflected the intense poltical conflict
between the city-states of Florence, Milan, Venice and Naples. Each of these powers pursued a
strategy of playing one off against the other. Each of these conflicts influenced his attitude
towards government.
During his childhood, Florence was as an Italian power under the guidance of Lorenzo de'
Medici, Il Magnifico (1492-1519). The downfall of the Medici in Florence occurred in 1494, the
year Machiavelli entered the public service. During his official career Florence was free under
the government of a Republic. This period lasted until 1512, when the Medici returned to power,
and Machiavelli lost his office. The Medici again ruled Florence from 1512 until 1527, when
they lost power. This was the period of Machiavelli's literary activity and increasing influence;
but he died, within a few weeks of the expulsion of the Medici in1527.
The "Prince" is written with keen observations by Machiavelli on the nature of men in their
quest for power. He argues men are still the dupes of their simplicity and greed, as they were in
the days of...


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Status: Finished Reading (23 June 2018)
Edition: International Edition Paperback
Rating: ★★★★★
Julie C. Dao's Forest of a Thousand Lanterns is a re-imagination of The Evil Queen story in an East-Asian setting. It follows the story of Xifeng, a peasant-girl from a small town who has repeatedly been told that her destiny lies in a greater world: a world full of power, luxury and control. The novel takes us through the trials Xifeng faces, the hard decisions she must make, and the enemies against her as she makes her way to the throne she believes she deserves.
Rightfully named the Rise of the Empress series, the book is equal parts politics and ambitious magic. The book doesn't feature the usual epic fantasy tropes that follow a prophecy – an item, a quest, a battle. That is not to say that there are no quests and battles – rather, they are not in a battle ground. Instead, what we read about is a headstrong girl playing a game in the politics of court, women, and rumours. Certainly, there is a quest and a journey, and even some companions picked up along the way, but the feel of the story-telling is more historical than epic fantasy. That doesn't make it any less appealing though: if anything it adds to the lushness of the setting and creates an almost realistic feel to what is otherwise a very magical story.
Xifeng is one of the most interesting main characters I have read about in a long time – I don't know if I can even call her a protagonist because she embodies so many traits that traditional heroes don't, but at the same time she also embodies some. Perhaps an anti-hero would be a good term for her. It amazes me how much I related to her character (maybe my inner Slytherin really related to self-preservation). She has so many moments of giving into her weaknesses, of acting on her desires, of unapologetically doing things she knows are morally grey. Characters like her are so few in the mainstream/popular young-adult reading category – perhaps as fun side characters, but fewer POV ones. It was refreshing to read about an ambitious young woman who will do anything it takes to get what she wants, including cutting down anything that stands in her way.
One of the main reasons this worked for me was because even though Xifeng is fairly cunning and calculated, she is by no means cold. If anything, her emotions burn quite vividly and that makes for a very appealing storyteller. She often lets her emotions get in the way, which means we see her acting quickly and instinctually. We also see her getting attached to a fair few characters and see them through her eyes. We see her struggle to make hard decisions about them. Two of the characters this resonated with me so deeply about were, obviously, Wei and Lihua.
I loved how Wei and Xifeng's story was never overdone – there is not enough content provided to "ship" them or care for them, because this isn't about her romance at all. The story is Xifeng-centric. Moreover, the fact that she's so confused about what she feels for Wei was something I really loved – it's feelings of a young girl warring with the ambitions of a young woman, it's wanting to cling to familiarity and something you consider selfishly "yours" but knowing you need to let go. I really appreciated that being shown.
With Lihua, we see a different kind of connection – the kind that inevitably happens when you're using someone for power. The love and closeness you end up feeling for them fights against the knowledge that they are, ultimately, your rival.
Dao takes us on such a rich journey of Xifeng's life and rise to being Empress, and all of it set in such a lush universe. The way the magic worked was downright horrifying, which is the effect I presume the author was going for – and it worked. A lot of the magical threads in the story are very subtly woven in, so that when they become more prominent and further removed from reality, it is a very gradual move and feels entirely organic. None of the major reveals jarred me because they seemed outlandish – but they did jar me because Dao built suspense very well and the plot twists hit me hard.
Overall, I would definitely recommend this series for people who love a good fantasy. It is a diverse story told by a POC author, and there is great care towards the world building and retelling that is hard to find in a lot of popular fantasy. Morally grey characters are severely under-appreciated – especially those that are unapologetically so, and Xifeng was a breath of fresh air. As I understand, the next book in the duology tells the story of a different character, so I will sorely miss Xifeng's POV – but I cannot wait to see what game Dao lays out in the next book of this thrilling saga.


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A great BBQ salad and an even better stand alone dinner salad. Check out our wide range of chicken pasta salad recipes for a healthy dinner choice tonight.
Make this colourful, salad the day before you serve it. Toss spiral pasta with tomato juice, olive oil, vinegar, chilli powder and paprika, then add a mix of red and green peppers, sweetcorn, coriander, spring onions, Parmesan and chicken.
This is a very filling and satisfying pasta salad. The addition of barbecued chicken makes it a meal in itself. Serve warm or chilled.
A great pasta salad with an Asian feel from soy sauce and sesame seeds. Perfect as a side dish or light lunch in summer or at the barbie.
This is a beautifully tangy and very colourful chicken pasta salad. You can eat it as a main course by itself, as a side dish at a barbecue or cold the next day.
This is a simple summer salad that includes chicken, pasta and asparagus as well as olives, broccoli and feta.
This is a great basic pasta salad, perfect as a side dish or at a barbecue or picnic. Use different colours of spiral pasta if you can find it.
A substantial and flavoursome chicken and pasta salad. The chicken can also be served warm for a cold day alternative!
This pasta salad includes chicken which makes it hearty enough to be a meal in itself but it's great as a side too.
This is a light and flavourful chicken pasta salad, seasoned with lemon pepper. Perfect as a side dish or light lunch.
A great salad which is a light summer meal all in itself, or a side dish for a barbecue. It can also be prepared ahead of time - just mix the ingredients just before serving.


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With more attention than ever on improving well-being, massage has become a popular treatment.As shiatsu back and neck massager, it relieves stress and fatigue, and has proven to improve blood circulation.This back massager 3d enables you to easily add these benefits to your daily routine.At home, in the car, or at the office indulge in a stress relieving deep massage to keep you feeling relaxed all day.
Suitable for:
People with neck, shoulder or back pain, muscle fatigue, and poor blood circulation
Product name :Relax back massager cushion
Product model:CM-007B
Operating Voltage:12V
Rated power:18W
Package includes:
1 x CM-007B Relax back massager cushion
1 x Car adapter
1 x Home adapter
1 x User manual
1.The time per use should not be more than 30 minutes.
2.Do not use (or store) the product in a wet or high-temperature place.
3.We suggest 15 mins each time as the best.After 15-minute work,it will shut down automatically but you can restart it


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Can someone tell me if i'm missing something here with this image. Stage 5 has 3 tasks that need to be completed and the first is assist with damage that's above your total hit points. From my memory the FV202 (P) is 1400 and (if the image is attached shows) i assisted with 1557. 3 games yesterday that didn't record as wins for the 1st task.
Am i wrong or has this happened to others as well.


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HATTIESBURG, Miss. (WJTV) – You expect to leave class with a brain full of knowledge.
Leaving with a stomach full of good food is just a bonus for these talented culinary arts students.
By the looks of the kitchen, you'd think you were in a restaurant. But the students in Hattiesburg High School Culinary Arts class aren't job shadowing.
They're working in their very own industrial level kitchen. When we visited, they were getting to wear their chef's coat for the first time.
Moving around the kitchen like pros, the students shared their favorite parts about the class. "I got to recreate one of my grandmother's stews, and she gave me her recipe," said 10th-grade student Damaria Holden.
What was once a small scale operation now gives students real-world work experience in a brand new facility, which just opened this semester. Toni Floyd, the Culinary Arts teacher, incorporates lessons on nutrition and shopping budgets.
In the first year of the two-year program, students start with the basics like sauteing, terminology, and kitchen safety. They even finish the program being ServSafe certified. It's a career technical education class. "Our number one goal is that our students are exposed, or they get some type of credential when they leave here," said Career Technical Education Administrator Jermaine Brown.
Everything they cook is from scratch. Which makes family very happy, the students say. "I learned how to make cinnamon rolls. So I did that at home and my family enjoyed that," 10 grader Rachel Johnson said.
"What I absolutely love about teaching this is watching the kids develop all their social skills. Because when we host an event and they're preparing all the food behind the scenes…But when all of the people come in, they're serving, they're hosting, they're greeting them," Floyd said.
It's an experience that goes way beyond recipes.
Remember, you can nominate your school to be featured. Just send an email telling us about an outstanding, student, teacher, program or parent to firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Mon Chéri Cruises is one of the most luxurious five-star cruises in the Ha Long Bay area, which was voted as one of the World's New 7 Wonders of Nature in 2011. Mon Chéri is the sister cruise of Lily Cruises, which has been sailing in Ha Long Bay since 2009. Newly launched in early 2018, Mon Chéri Cruises aims to create a unique and unforgettable holiday for all passengers.
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The Seven Deadly Sins
The "Seven Deadly Sins"—a group of evil knights who conspired to overthrow the kingdom of Britannia—were said to have been eradicated by the Holy Knights, although some claim that they still live. Ten years later, the Holy Knights have staged a Coup d'état and assassinated the king, becoming the new, tyrannical rulers of the kingdom. Elizabeth, the king's only daughter, sets out on a journey to find the "Seven Deadly Sins," and to enlist their help in taking back the kingdom.The Seven Deadly Sins featuring Yūki Kaji and Aoi Yuki has one or more episodes streaming with subscription on Netflix, and available for purchase on iTunes. It's an action & adventure and animation show with 91 episodes over 4 seasons. The Seven Deadly Sins is still airing with no announced date for the next episode or season. It has a high IMDb audience rating of 8.1 (20,378 votes).
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Quebec's L'orchestre d'hommes-orchestres returns to Vancouver with their new show, New Cackle Sisters: Kitchen Chicken. Music and roast chicken combine in a show that is sure to be as unique as the Cackle Sisters themselves.
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Known in the 1930's for their unique sounds that included bird like clucks, yips, and yodeling, L'orchestre d'hommes-orchestres introduces the two Grand Ole Opry stars to a new generation.
New Cackle Sisters: Kitchen Chicken plays The Cultch's York Theatre (639 Commercial Dr, Vancouver) April 2-6. Visit thecultch.com for tickets and information.


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RESIDENTS across Dorset reported hearing a series of loud bangs and thuds last night.
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Live firing was due to take place until midnight at Bindon Range, Heath Range and Tyneham Range. The 'sea danger area' was also used.
Further firing exercises are due to take place tomorrow night until midnight.


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August 2015 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2015 > August 2015 Decisions > G.R. No. 171582, August 19, 2015 - ALBERTO T. LASALA, PREVIOUSLY DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE STYLE PSF SECURITY AGENCY, Petitioner, v. THE NATIONAL FOOD AUTHORITY, Respondent.:
G.R. No. 171582, August 19, 2015 - ALBERTO T. LASALA, PREVIOUSLY DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE STYLE PSF SECURITY AGENCY, Petitioner, v. THE NATIONAL FOOD AUTHORITY, Respondent.
G.R. No. 171582, August 19, 2015
ALBERTO T. LASALA, PREVIOUSLY DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE STYLE PSF SECURITY AGENCY, Petitioner, v. THE NATIONAL FOOD AUTHORITY, Respondent.
We resolve in this petition for review on certiorari1 the challenge to the June 14, 2005 Decision2 and the February 15, 2006 Resolution3 (CA rulings) of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. SP No. 73235. These assailed CA rulings annulled the September 2, 2002 decision4 of the Regional Trial Court of Quezon City (RTC QC), Branch 220, which granted petitioner Alberto T. Lasala's (Lasala) counterclaim against respondent National Food Authority (NFA).
Lasala, through his company PSF Security Agency, used to provide security guard services to the NFA. Sometime in 1994, Lasala's employees who were deployed to the NFA filed with the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC) a complaint for underpayment of wages and nonpayment of other monetary benefits. The NLRC ruled for the employees and held Lasala and the NFA solidarily liable for the employees' adjudged monetary award.5 Consequently, the sheriff garnished the NFA's P383,572.90 worth of bank deposits with the Development Bank of the Philippines.
Believing that it had no liability to Lasala's employees, the NFA filed with the RTC, Branch 220, Quezon City, a complaint for sum of money with damages and an application for the issuance of a writ of preliminary attachment against Lasala.6
In response, Lasala filed an answer with counterclaim7 and opposition to the prayer for preliminary attachment. In his counterclaim, Lasala prayed for the payment of moral damages of P1,000,000.00; exemplary damages of P500,000.00; attorney's fees of P300,000.00, compensatory damages of P250,000.00; and unpaid wage differential of P1,500,000.00, for a total amount of P3,550,000.00.8
Initially, the trial court granted the NFA's prayer for the issuance of a writ of preliminary attachment. However, this writ was eventually nullified when Lasala questioned it with the CA in CA-G.R. SP No. 41124.
Meanwhile, on May 2, 1997, the trial court dismissed the NFA's complaint for failure of the lawyer deputized by the Office of the Government Corporate Counsel (OGCC), Atty. Rogelio B. Mendoza (Atty. Mendoza), to present the NFA's evidence-in-chief, due to his repeated hearing absences.
The NFA replaced Atty. Mendoza and administratively charged him with dishonesty, grave misconduct, conduct grossly prejudicial to the best interests of the service, and gross neglect of duty.9 It subsequently employed Atty. Ernesto D. Cahucom (Atty. Cahucom) as its new counsel.
Although the NFA's complaint was dismissed, Lasala's counterclaim remained, and he presented evidence to support it. Interestingly, Atty. Cahucom, the NFA's new counsel, did not submit any evidence to controvert Lasala's counterclaim evidence. When asked during trial, Atty. Cahucom simply waived his right to cross-examine Lasala and did not exert any effort to counter his testimony.
Thus, in its September 2, 2002 decision, the trial court granted Lasala's counterclaim in the total amount of P52,788,970.5010 broken down as follows:chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
Nature of Award
Actual and compensatory damages
Loss of business credit
Moral damages
Exemplary damages
Litigation expenses
Lasala's claim for wage adjustment
P1,623,600.00plus 12% per annum from the year until full payment of this interest 2000 amount
Notably, this amount is substantially higher than the amount of P3,550,000.00 Lasala originally prayed for.
Despite the huge award to Lasala, the NFA failed to appeal its case to the CA. Atty. Cahucom did not inform the NFA's management about the trial court's adverse ruling. When asked to explain, he reasoned out that he only discovered the decision after the lapse of the period for appeal.11
Having lost its chance to appeal, the NFA filed with the trial court a petition for relief from judgment (petition for relief) grounded on excusable negligence.12 In its petition, the NFA through Atty. Cahucom, attributed its failure to appeal to one of the NFA's employees. Allegedly, this employee received the copy of the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision but did not inform Atty. Cahucom about it. It was only after the lapse of the period for the filing of a motion for reconsideration and an appeal that the NFA learned about the adverse ruling.
The trial court did not accept the NFA's reasoning; thus, it denied the petition for relief for insufficiency in substance.13
In the meantime, then NFA Administrator Arthur C. Yap had assumed his position. One of his first instructions was the legal audit of all NFA cases. In doing this, the NFA management found out that the two lawyers (Attys. Mendoza and Cahucom) assigned to the case against Lasala, grossly mishandled it; hence, causing a huge and unjust liability to the NFA in the amount of P52,788,970.50.
Thus, on the grounds of lack of jurisdiction and extrinsic fraud, the NFA, now through the OGCC, filed with the CA a petition and an amended petition14for annulment of judgment (petition for annulment) of the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision which had granted a substantially higher award than what Lasala originally prayed for in his counterclaim.
The CA granted the petition and annulled the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision.
It ruled that though Lasala's counterclaim is compulsory in nature (thus, it did not require the payment of docket fees), the trial court's decision must still be annulled for having been rendered without any jurisdiction.
The trial court lacked jurisdiction because no concrete and convincing evidence supported its decision to grant Lasala's counterclaim. The CA noted that the trial court awarded Lasala an exorbitant amount of P52,788,970.50, despite the absence of any supporting evidence other than his self-serving testimony. Notably, Lasala did not present any corroborating documentary evidence to support his counterclaim.
Lasala submits that the NFA's use of a petition for relief at the trial court level should have barred the NFA from filing a subsequent petition for annulment with the CA. At this point, res judicata had already set in, thus prohibiting the CA from recognizing the NFA's petition for annulment and its subsequent amended petition.15
Lasala also asserts that the NFA could no longer invoke extrinsic fraud as its basis for annulment, since the NFA failed to raise this ground in its petition for relief. The NFA's omission amounted to a waiver of the NFA's right to subsequently raise this ground in its petition for annulment.16 And even if extrinsic' fraud had been properly cognizable as a ground, the NFA still failed to prove it.17
Lasala further argues that the NFA may not invoke the trial court's lack of jurisdiction over his counterclaim for nonpayment of docket fees. His counterclaim is compulsory and is not permissive; no docket fee is required to be paid.18
Lastly, Lasala posits that grave abuse of discretion is not a proper basis for granting a petition for annulment of judgment. The only grounds allowed in the Rules of Court are extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction. Since these two grounds were not available to the NFA, then the CA's annulment of the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision had no basis.
The NFA argues that there was no res judicata between its petition for relief and petition for annulment of judgment as these two reliefs were based on two different grounds. The petition for relief was grounded on excusable negligence while the petition for annulment was based on extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction.19
Extrinsic fraud was employed against the NFA when its handling lawyers allowed its complaint against Lasala to be dismissed, and when they failed to question the trial court's adverse ruling through a motion for reconsideration or an appeal without any valid justification.20
The trial court also lacked jurisdiction over Lasala's counterclaim because he failed to file the required docket fees.21
Lastly, the NFA asserts that the CA did not err in annulling the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision, which granted Lasala's counterclaim, since the trial court ruling had no basis except Lasala's self-serving testimony.22chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
We resolve to DENY the petition.
The nature of a petition for
annulment of judgment
As a general rule, final judgments may no longer be modified as, after finality, all the issues between the parties are deemed resolved and laid to rest. This rule embodies the principle that at some point, litigation must end for an effective and efficient administration of justice. Hence, once a judgment becomes final, the winning party should not, through subterfuge, be deprived of the fruits of the verdict.23
In Antonino v. Register of Deeds of Makati,24 the Court explained the nature of a petition for annulment of judgment and reiterated that it is only available under certain exceptional circumstances, since it runs counter to the general rule of immutability of final judgments, viz:cralawlawlibrary
Annulment of judgment is a recourse equitable in character, allowed only in exceptional cases as where there is no available or other adequate remedy. Rule 47 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure, as amended, governs actions for annulment of judgments or final orders and resolutions, and Section 2 thereof explicitly provides only two grounds for annulment of judgment, i.e., extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction. The underlying reason is traceable to the notion that annulling final judgments goes against the grain of finality of judgment. Litigation must end and terminate sometime and somewhere, and it is essential to an effective administration of justice that once a judgment has become final, the issue or cause involved therein should be laid to rest. The basic rule of finality of judgment is grounded on the fundamental principle of public policy and sound practice that at the risk of occasional error, the judgment of courts and the award of quasi-judicial agencies must become final at some definite date fixed by law.25 (emphasis supplied)chanrobleslaw
Since a petition for annulment of judgment is an equitable and exceptional relief, the Rules of Court under Rule 47 put in place stringent requirements that must be complied with before this remedy may prosper.
First, it is only available when the ordinary remedies of new trial, appeal, petition for relief, or other appropriate remedies are no longer available through no fault of the petitioner.26
Second, an annulment may only be based on the grounds of extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction. Moreover, extrinsic fraud shall not be a valid ground if it was availed of, or could have been availed of, in a motion for new trial or petition for relief.27
Lastly, if grounded on extrinsic fraud, the petition must be filed within four years from its discovery; and if based on lack of jurisdiction, before it is barred by laches or estoppel.28
Guided by these requisites, we now discuss each related issue that the parties raised.
The prior filing of a petition for relief
does not per se bar the filing of a petition
for annulment of judgment.
Annulment of judgment may only be resorted to if the ordinary remedies of new trial, appeal, petition for relief or other appropriate remedies, are no longer available without the petitioner's fault.
Thus, the petitioner must be able to provide a plausible explanation for not resorting first to the more common remedies enumerated under the Rules. As annulment is an equitable remedy, it cannot be used to compensate litigants who lost their case because of their negligence or because they slept on their rights. This safeguard has been put in place to address the concern that defeated litigants would use and abuse Rule 47 to avoid or delay an already final and executory judgment.29
In the present case, the NFA actually availed of the remedy of petition for relief at the trial court level. Through Atty. Cahucom, the NFA, invoking the ground of excusable negligence, prayed that the execution of the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision be restrained, and that its right to appeal be recognized.30 However, the trial court also dismissed this petition for being insufficient in substance.
Lasala now argues that res judicata should have prevented the CA from recognizing the NFA's petition for annulment, as the dismissal of the NFA's petition for relief serves as a prior judgment that bars the filing of a subsequent petition for annulment of judgment.
Res judicata refers to the rule that a final judgment or decree on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction is conclusive of the rights of the parties or their privies in all later suits on all points and matters determined in the former suit.
Its elements are the following: (1) the former judgment or order must be final; (2) the judgment or order must be on the merits; (3) it must have been rendered by a court having jurisdiction over the subject matter and the parties; and (4) there must be, between the first and the second action, identity of parties, of subject matter, and cause of action.31 There is res judicata when all these requisites concur.
Clearly, the fourth requisite is absent and cannot apply to the present case. There is identity of parties in the petitions for relief and annulment of judgment, but no identity of subject matter and cause of action.
To determine the existence of identity of cause of action between the two cases, the Court has often applied the identity of evidence test -i.e., whether the evidence to support and establish the present and former causes of action are the same.
The petition for relief prayed that the execution of the trial court's adverse ruling be restrained, and for the recognition of the NFA's right to appeal on the ground of excusable negligence.32 On the other hand, the petition for annulment and its amendment sought the setting aside of the trial court's decision because of extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction.33
Clearly, the pieces of evidence that NFA presented in its petition for relief are different from the evidence it presented in the current case - the former, grounded on excusable negligence, sought relief from judgment because one of its employees failed to give a copy of the trial court decision to Atty. Cahucom on time to file an appeal.
The present case, on the other hand, seeks to annul the trial court's judgment based on the fraudulent acts of its former counsels (including Atty. Cahucom's), and because the lower court lacked jurisdiction over Lasala's counterclaim.
The distinctions between the grounds invoked and reliefs prayed for between the two petitions highlight the need for different pieces of evidence to prove them. Thus, their causes of action are not identical, and res judicata does not bar the filing of the present petition for annulment.
Only two grounds may be recognized
in a petition for annulment: extrinsic fraud
and lack of jurisdiction.
Because it is an exceptional relief, the Rules provide that only two grounds may be availed of in a petition for annulment. These are extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction.
In the present case, the CA annulled the trial court's decision granting Lasala's counterclaim as the RTC ruling was not supported by any concrete and convincing evidence. According to the CA, the RTC effectively acted without jurisdiction. CA Associate Justice Rosmari Carandang fully communicated the sense of the majority's ruling in her concurring opinion,34 when she held that the trial court committed an error of judgment and acted beyond its lawful jurisdiction when it relied solely on Lasala's self-serving testimony. Otherwise stated, the trial court committed grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack of jurisdiction when it rendered a decision that was not supported by factual and evidentiary basis.35
We rule that the CA committed an error; it violated the restrictive application of a petition for annulment; only extrinsic fraud and/or lack of jurisdiction may annul a final judgment.
By seeking to include acts committed with grave abuse of discretion, the CA's ruling enlarged the concept of lack of jurisdiction as a ground for annulment.36 Moreover, grave abuse of discretion is properly addressed not through a Rule 47 relief but through a Rule 65 petition for certiorari. Since the NFA availed of a petition for annulment of judgment, then the CA's disposition must also be confined to findings on the existence of either extrinsic fraud or the trial court's lack of jurisdiction over the parties or the subject matter as explained below.
In a petition for annulment based on lack of jurisdiction, the petitioner cannot rely on jurisdictional defect due to grave abuse of discretion, but on absolute lack of jurisdiction. As we have already held, the concept of lack of jurisdiction as a ground to annul a judgment does not embrace grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction.37 In Republic v. G Holdings,38 we explained:cralawlawlibrary
Jurisdiction is not the same as the exercise of jurisdiction. As distinguished from the exercise of jurisdiction, jurisdiction is the authority to decide a cause, and not the decision rendered therein. Where there is jurisdiction over the person and the subject matter, the decision on all other questions arising in the case is but an exercise of the jurisdiction. And the errors which the court may commit in the exercise of jurisdiction are merely errors of judgment which are the proper subject of an appeal.39 (emphasis supplied)chanrobleslaw
In other words, the lack of jurisdiction envisioned under Rule 47 is the total absence of jurisdiction over the person of a party or over the subject matter. When the court has validly acquired its jurisdiction, annulment through lack of jurisdiction is not available when the court's subsequent grave abuse of discretion operated to oust it of its jurisdiction.
Despite this erroneous ruling of the CA, we hold that annulment of the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision is still proper as the NFA validly raised and substantiated the allowed grounds of extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction.
a. Extrinsic fraud
Extrinsic fraud in a petition for annulment refers to "any fraudulent act of the prevailing party in litigation committed outside of the trial of the case, where the defeated party is prevented from fully exhibiting his side by fraud or deception practiced on him by his opponent, such as by keeping him away from court, by giving him a false promise of a compromise, or where an attorney fraudulently or without authority connives at his defeat."40
Because extrinsic fraud must emanate from the opposing party, extrinsic fraud concerning a party's lawyer often involves the latter's collusion with the prevailing party, such that his lawyer connives at his defeat or corruptly sells out his client's interest.41
In this light, we have ruled in several cases42 that a lawyer's mistake or gross negligence does not amount to the extrinsic fraud that would grant a petition for annulment of judgment.
We so ruled not only because extrinsic fraud has to involve the opposing party, but also because the negligence of counsel, as a rule, binds his client.43
We have recognized, however, that there had been instances where the lawyer's negligence had been so gross that it amounted to a collusion with the other party, and thus, qualified as extrinsic fraud.
In Bayog v. Natino,44 for instance, we held that the unconscionable failure of a lawyer to inform his client of his receipt of the trial court's order and the motion for execution, and to take the appropriate action against either or both to protect his client's rights amounted to connivance with the prevailing party, which constituted extrinsic fraud.45
Two considerations differentiate the lawyer's negligence in Bayog from the general rule enunciated in Tan. While both cases involved the lawyer's negligence to inform the client of a court order, the negligence in Bayog was unconscionable because the (1) the client's pauper litigant status indicated that he relied solely on his counsel for the protection and defense of his rights; and (2) the lawyer's repeated acts of negligence in handling the case showed that his inaction was deliberate.
In contrast, the Court ruled in Tan that the petitioner's failure to file a notice of appeal was partly his fault and not just his lawyer's. Too, the failure to file the notice of appeal was the only act of negligence presented as extrinsic fraud.
We find the exceptional circumstances in Bayog to be present in the case now before us.
The party in the present case, the NFA, is a government agency that could rightly rely solely on its legal officers to vigilantly protect its interests. The NFA's lawyers were not only its counsel, they were its employees tasked to advance the agency's legal interests.
Further, the NFA's lawyers acted negligently several times in handling the case that it appears deliberate on their part.
First, Atty. Mendoza caused the dismissal of the NFA's complaint against Lasala by negligently and repeatedly failing to attend the hearing for the presentation of the NFA's evidence-in-chief. Consequently, the NFA lost its chance to recover from Lasala the employee benefits that it allegedly shouldered as indirect employer.
Atty. Mendoza never bothered to provide any valid excuse for this crucial omission on his part. Parenthetically, this was not the first time Atty. Mendoza prejudiced the NFA; he did the same when he failed to file a motion for reconsideration and an appeal in a prior 1993 case where Lasala secured a judgment of P34,500,229.67 against the NFA.46
For these failures, Atty. Mendoza merely explained that the NFA's copy of the adverse decision was lost and was only found after the lapse of the period for appeal.47 Under these circumstances, the NFA was forced to file an administrative complaint against Atty. Mendoza for his string of negligent acts.
Atty. Cahucom, Atty. Mendoza's successor in handling the case, notably did not cross-examine Lasala's witnesses, and did not present controverting evidence to disprove and counter Lasala's counterclaim. Atty. Cahucom further prejudiced the NFA when he likewise failed to file a motion for reconsideration or an appeal from the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision, where Lasala was awarded the huge amount of P52,788,970.50, without any convincing evidence to support it.
When asked to justify his failure, Atty. Cahucom, like Atty. Mendoza, merely mentioned that the NFA's copy of the decision was lost and that he only discovered it when the period for appeal had already lapsed.48
The trial court's adverse decision, of course, could have been avoided or the award minimized, if Atty. Cahucom did not waive the NFA's right to present its controverting evidence against Lasala's counterclaim evidence. Strangely, when asked during hearing, Atty. Cahucom refused to refute Lasala's testimony and instead simply moved for the filing of a memorandum.49chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
The actions of these lawyers, that at the very least could be equated with unreasonable disregard for the case they were handling and with obvious indifference towards the NFA's plight, lead us to the conclusion that Attys. Mendoza's and Cahucom's actions amounted to a concerted action with Lasala when the latter secured the trial court's huge and baseless counterclaim award. By this fraudulent scheme, the NFA was prevented from making a fair submission in the controversy.
To further invalidate the NFA's petition for annulment, Lasala argues that extrinsic fraud as a ground is no longer available since the NFA failed to raise it in its petition for relief when it could have done so. Under Section 2, Rule 47 of the Rules of Court, extrinsic fraud as a ground will not be allowed if it had already been availed of or could have been availed of in a motion for new trial or petition for relief. Attys. Mendoza and Cahucom's actions which amounted to extrinsic fraud should have been earlier raised at the trial court's level since their actions had been consummated when the petition for relief was filed. The NFA's failure to do so amounted to a waiver of this ground in its petition for annulment.
We find Lasala's reasoning to be grossly erroneous.
The NFA did not waive its right to raise extrinsic fraud precisely because the circumstances prevented its inclusion in the petition for relief. Notably, Atty. Cahucom was the one who drafted and filed the petition for relief, which he based not on his own negligence, but on that of another NFA employee.
Since part of the extrinsic fraud against the NFA was attributable to Atty. Cahucom, it could not be expected that he would raise his own act as a ground and incriminate himself in the petition for relief. In our analysis, the NFA could not have availed of this ground because Atty. Cahucom himself prevented it.
Moreover, it was only in 2002, when then NFA Administrator Arthur Yap ordered a legal audit of all existing NFA cases, that the NFA's management discovered the mishandling of the case against Lasala.
In these lights, we rule that the prohibition under Section 2, Rule 47 should not apply to the NFA. Although available during the filing of the petition for relief, the NFA could not have raised this ground because it was fraudulently precluded from doing so.
Thus, the actions of Attys. Mendoza and Cahucom, under the unique circumstances of this case, amount to extrinsic fraud that warrants the grant of NFA's petition for relief from judgment.
b. Lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter
Moreover, the trial court's September 2, 2002 decision should also be annulled on the ground of lack of jurisdiction.
Notably, Lasala's counterclaim was not only based on the damages that he incurred because of the trial court's invalid issuance of a writ of preliminary attachment against his properties. A big chunk of the award which amounted to P1,623,600.00 pertained to Lasala's other claims against the NFA, specifically the wage adjustment against the NFA for the security guard services his agency rendered from April 16, 1988 to April 15, 1989.
This amount further ballooned when the trial court granted Lasala's prayer for interest at 3% per month or 36% per year. Compounded until the year 1999, the interest due on such wage adjustment amounted to P35,165,370.50, which is almost 67% of the trial court's total counterclaim award. Lasala paid no docket fees on this counterclaim, reasoning that it is in the nature of a compulsory counterclaim.
We do not agree with Lasala's position.
A compulsory counterclaim is any claim for money or other relief that a defending party may have against an opposing party, which at the time of suit arises out of, or is necessarily connected with, the same transaction or occurrence that is the subject matter of the plaintiff's complaint. It is compulsory in the sense that it is within the jurisdiction of the court, does not require for its adjudication the presence of third parties over whom the court cannot acquire jurisdiction, and will be barred if not set up in the answer to the complaint in the same case.50
To determine if a counterclaim is compulsory, the following tests apply: (a) Are the issues of fact and law raised by the claim and by the counterclaim largely the same?; (b) Would res judicata bar a subsequent suit on defendant's claims, absent the compulsory counterclaim rule?; (c) Will substantially the same evidence support or refute plaintiffs claim as well as the defendant's counterclaim?; and (d) Is there any logical relation between the claim and the counterclaim? A positive answer to all four questions would indicate that the counterclaim is compulsory.51 Otherwise, it is permissive.
In these lights, we rule that Lasala's counterclaim for wage adjustment against the NFA is not a compulsory but a permissive counterclaim. The cause of action for this counterclaim already existed even before the filing of the NFA's complaint against Lasala. Thus, it did not arise out of, nor is it necessarily connected with, the NFA's complaint for sum of money and prayer for preliminary attachment. Because it is not an incident of the NFA's claim, it can be filed as a separate case against the NFA, unless already extinguished.
Under this situation, Lasala's nonpayment of docket fee for his permissive counterclaim prevented the trial court from acquiring jurisdiction over it. The court may allow payment of such fee but only within a reasonable time and in no case beyond the prescriptive period for the filing of the permissive counterclaim.52
As it was based on the parties' security service contract, the prescriptive period for Lasala's counterclaim is 10 years.53 Lasala's cause of action accrued in 1989, when the contract with the NFA was executed. Since no docket fee was paid even after the lapse of 10 years, then the trial court never acquired jurisdiction over Lasala's wage adjustment counterclaim. Thus, with regard to this counterclaim, annulment of the trial court's judgment is proper.
Lasala's permissive counterclaim
has already prescribed and may no longer
be refiled.
While Section 7, Rule 4754 of the Rules of Court provides that an annulment of judgment renders the assailed judgment, resolution, or final order null and void, the original action may still be refiled in the proper court. This rule applies in instances where the judgment is annulled because of lack of jurisdiction. In such cases, the defeated party may sti11 refile the original action in the court that has jurisdiction, provided it has not yet prescribed.
In cases of extrinsic fraud, the party who is defrauded and prevented from fully exhibiting his side may file a motion in court to present his evidence as if a timely motion for new trial had been granted.
In the present case, we annulled the trial court's decision granting Lasala's permissive counterclaim on both grounds of lack of jurisdiction and extrinsic fraud.
Although the prescriptive period for the refiling of the annulled action shall be deemed suspended from its original filing until the finality of the judgment of annulment, we rule that Lasala may no longer refile his permissive counterclaim as it has already prescribed.
Under Section 8, Rule 47, the prescriptive period to file the annulled original action shall not be suspended when the extrinsic fraud is attributable to the plaintiff in the action.55 In the present case, the original action contemplated is Lasala's counterclaim against the NFA.
On this basis, we hold that the existence of extrinsic fraud in the present case did not toll the prescriptive period for the filing of Lasala's counterclaim.
To reiterate, the unique facts of this case show that Attys. Mendoza and Cahucom patently, blatantly, and unjustifiably mishandled the case to the utter prejudice of the NFA. The degree to which they disregarded their duty to protect the NFA's interests amounted to actions in concert with Lasala which constituted the extrinsic fraud against the NFA.56
In sum, not only do we set aside the trial court's judgment award of P52,788,970.50 to Lasala for being null and void; we also categorically hold that Lasala's cause of action has prescribed, and thus, may no longer be refiled.
On a final note, we observe that the NFA's petition for annulment of judgment, whether grounded on extrinsic fraud or lack of jurisdiction, was filed within the allowed periods provided for in the Rules. As the NFA substantiated the required grounds for annulment, we affirm the CA's decision annulling the September 2, 2002 decision of the trial court.
Potential liabilities of Attys.
Mendoza and Cahucom
The records of the case show that the NFA had conducted initial investigations against Attys. Mendoza and Cahucom for potential administrative and criminal liabilities.
We are forwarding a copy of the records of this case to the Ombudsman to assist it in determining the administrative and criminal liabilities of these public officers.
We likewise furnish the Board of Governors of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines a copy of this Decision and the records of this case so that they may conduct the appropriate investigation regarding Atty. Mendoza's and Atty. Cahucom's fitness to remain as members of the Bar.
Lest it be misunderstood, the Court's ruling in this case involves solely the finding of extrinsic fraud for purposes of granting the NFA relief from judgment; the Ombudsman and the Board of Governors are tasked to conduct their own investigations regarding the incidents surrounding this case, with this Decision and its records to be considered as part of evidence, to determine the potential liabilities of Attys. Mendoza and Cahucom.
WHEREFORE, premises considered, we hereby DENY the petition for lack of merit, and AFFIRM with modification the June 14, 2005 Decision and February 15, 2006 Resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. SP No. 73235 (which annulled and set aside the September 2, 2002 decision of the Regional Trial Court of Quezon City, Branch 220).
Let a copy of this Decision and the records of this case be furnished the Office of the Ombudsman for whatever action it may deem appropriate against Attys. Rogelio B. Mendoza and Ernesto D. Cahucom under the circumstances defined in this Decision.
Let a copy of this Decision and the records of this case also be sent to the Board of Governors of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines for its administrative investigation of Attys. Rogelio B. Mendoza and Ernesto D. Cahucom, based on the given facts of this Decision, in the interest of determining whether these members of the Bar still have the requisite competence and integrity to maintain their membership in the roll of lawyers of this country.
SO ORDERED.chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
Carpio, (Chairperson), Velasco, Jr.* Brion, Del Castillo, and Leonen, JJ., concur.
* Designated as Additional Member in lieu of Associate Justice Jose C. Mendoza per raffle dated May 11, 2015.
1Rollo, pp. 16-112.
2 Penned by Associate Justice Monina Arevalo-Zenarosa, and concurred in by Associate Justices Remedios A. Salazar-Fernando and Rosmari D. Carandang; id. at 127-139.
3 Id. at 11-13.
4 Decision penned by Hon. Jose G. Paneda, Presiding Judge, RTC, Branch 220, Quezon City, id. at 113-125.
5 Id. at 128.
6 Id. at 212-218.
7 Id. at 219-225.
8 Id. at 223.
9 Id. at 1064.
10 Id. at 124-125.
11 Id. at 1070.
12 Id. at 667-682.
13 Id. at 787 to 789.
14 Id. at 283-318.
15 Id. at 995-996.
16 Under Section 2, Rule 47 of the Rules of Civil Procedure:chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
Section 2. Grounds for annulment. The annulment may be based only on the grounds of extrinsic fraud and lack of jurisdiction.
Extrinsic fraud shall not be a valid ground if it was availed of, or could have been availed of, in a motion for new trial or petition for relief. (emphasis supplied)
17 Rollo, p. 1005.
18 Id. at 1011.
19 Id. at 1087.
20 Id. at 1081-1083.
21 Id. at 1093-1095.
22 Id. at 1073-1080.
23Selga v. Brar, G.R. No. 175151, September 21, 2011, 658 SCRA 108.
24 G.R. No. 185663, June 20, 2012, 674 SCRA 227.
25 Id., citing Ramos v. Judge Combong, Jr., 510 Phil. 277 (2005).
26 Section 1, Rule 47, Rules of Court.
27 Id., Section 2.
28 Id., Section 3.
29Fraginal v. Heirs ofToribia Belmonte Parahal, G.R. No. 150207, February 23, 2007 516 SCRA 530-531.
30Rollo, pp. 667-686.
31Taganas v. Emuslan, G.R. No. 146980, September 2, 2003, 410 SCRA 237.
32Rollo, pp. 667-686.
33 Id. at 156-171.
34 Id. at 140-143.
35 Id. at 142.
36Republic v. "G" Holdings, Inc., G.R. No. 141241, November 22, 2005, 475 SCRA 608-609
37 Id.
38 Id.
39 Id.
40People v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 187409, November 16,2011, 660 SCRA 323.
41Herrera, Remedial Law II, p. 807; citing 46 Am. Journal, 2nd Ed., p. 983; 49 C.J.S. 860-861.
42Tolentino and Tempus Realty Corporation v. Leviste, 485 Phil. 661 (2004), Tan v. Court of Appeals, 524 Phil. 752 (2006), Pinausukan Seafood House, Roxas Boulevard, Inc. v. Far East Bank & Trust Company, now Bank of the Philippine Islands, G.R. No. 159926, January 20, 2014,714 SCRA 226.
43 524 Phil. 752, 760 (2006)
44 327 Phil. 1019(1996).
45 Id.
46Rollo, p. 1064.
47 Id.
48 Id. at 1070.
49 Id. at 1068.
50Calibre. Traders, Inc. v. Bayer Philippines, Inc., G.R. No. 161431, October 13, 2010 633 SCRA 34-35.
51Government Service Insurance System (GSIS) v. Heirs of Fernando F. Caballero, G.R. No. 158090, October 4, 2010, 632 SCRA 5.
52 Sun Insurance v. Asuncion, G.R. Nos. 79937-38, February 13, 1989, 170 SCRA 274.
53 Under Article 1144 of the Civil Code, an action based on a written contract must be brought within 10 years from the time the right of action accrues.
54 Section 7. Effect of judgment. A judgment of annulment shall set aside the questioned judgment, final order or resolution and render the same null and void without prejudice to the original action being refiled in the proper court. However, where the judgment or final order or resolution is set aside on the ground of extrinsic fraud, the court may on motion order the trial court to try the case as if a timely motion for new trial had been granted therein, (emphasis supplied)
55 Section 8, Rule 47 of the Rules of Court provides:chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
Section 8. Suspension of prescriptive period. The prescriptive period for the refiling of the aforesaid original action shall be deemed suspended from the filing of such original action until the finality of the judgment of annulment. However, the prescriptive period shall not be suspended where the extrinsic fraud is attributable to the plaintiff in the original action, (emphasis supplied)
56 See, for comparison, the facts in Bayog v. Natino, supra note 44.


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A Sister's All You Need. – Anime Preview
Synopsis: Every day is full of fun. But something is missing. "My life would be amazing if only I had a little sister. Why don't I have a little sister…?" These are the musings of little sister-lover and novelist Itsuki Hashima, who only writes works featuring little sisters. Around him gather a number of unique people: genius author/pervert Nayuta, female college student Miyako, illustrator Puriketsu, and the brutish tax accountant Ashley. Each of them hold their own worries, but live their peaceful daily lives while writing novels, playing video games, drinking alcohol, and filing their tax returns. (Official Crunchyroll Synopsis)
1st Episode Review (Warning: Minor Spoilers to Follow):
Tom: When A Sister's All You Need first launched on Crunchyroll, there was no synopsis. There was no indication that the first two minutes were anything but the true tone and concept of the series. These first two minutes are jarring, outrageous, shock value comedy predicated on stunning the audience with sheer inappropriateness. Be warned as the anime opens with a typical anime hero assaulted by his naked and horny sister. From there, the siscon pandering goes up to the max, content to let you think this is the actual series. Its comedy is very much YMMV and, personally, I think something most Western audiences would prefer to be warned about rather than stumble into.
Linny: We cannot emphasize enough just how much of a shock the start of the episode will be. It takes siscon pandering to the extreme and even though it's all supposed to be an over the top parody of the genre and just a visualization of a novel being written by the protagonist, it's still content that you SHOULD NOT enter into unwarned and SHOULD NOT watch around people you don't want judging you. Also, for more conservative audiences, please be warned that once we move on from the opening gag, the sexual humor doesn't stop there. We're introduced to a female character named Nayuta who is attracted to Itsuki and is blatantly and verbally explicit in her attempts to hook up with him. She propositions him sexually repeatedly and provides some fan service when shown in a state of undress before taking a shower (with anime style objects covering the more erotic parts of her body of course). These aforementioned things are what I think will be the most controversial and most likely to turn people off the show and thus, things that should be taken into consideration before you pick it up.
Tom: Once we move past the siscon opening, and get to the actual story, Sister's All You Need exhibits real potential. Despite the opening gag that throws audiences in the deep end, there's hints here that the series wants to dig deep into the siscon trope and reexamine how stupid and awful a component to the anime medium it is. Siscon, for those lucky enough not to know, refers to individuals or characters who tend to be sexually, or romantically, obsessed with their sisters. Anime often skirts the issue by providing such characters with not quite blood related sisters to fawn and romance. But the truth of the matter is that in reality no brother would want his sister in that way. The show pulls back from the siscon comedy as well, giving us a glimpse into Itsuki's life and relationship with his friends, giving audiences a reprieve from our main character's uncomfortable obsession with little sisters.
Linny: Also unlike other shows with siscon as a theme, Sister's All You Need is a lot more frank and against the protagonist's obsession with inserting his siscon obsession into his writing. In fact, his editor chews him out and even calls him names for his unusual obsession. However, the show then tones down his friends' disapproval of his obsessions, with most of them treating it just like a weird and annoying quirk than an actually morally questionable stance. And one could argue that even his editor's criticism seems to be more focused on the fact that Itsuki inserted the siscon related writing into a novel that has nothing to do with it and the extreme nature of the siscon content, rather than because of the author's obsession itself.
Tom: Focusing on the characters for a moment, our lead is one Hashima Itsuki. He's a successful light novel author who writes little sisters as his primary heroines. They feature in all his work, mostly because the man is absolutely obsessed with them, despite not actually having a sister of his own (although that likely explains the obsession.) Like Linny said, the editor is brutally against Itsuki's siscon tendencies and rejects his manuscripts that take it far too far. His friends aren't terribly supportive of it either, although condemning him with less vigor. That said, Itsuki displays a different, more likable side to him later on in the episode, that makes him a more sympathetic character as we learn that there's more to him that just a siscon obsessive. His friends range from more down to Earth characters like Fuwa Haruto, another novelist, or Shirakawa Miyako, a college girl, and Hashima Chihiro, Itsuki's younger step brother. The only other truly outrageous character is Kani Nayuta, who, like Itsuki, can delve into some pretty crazy and offensive territory, as Linny mentioned above. While Itsuki's vice is the whole siscon thing, Nayuta has no problem spouting vulgar and shameless raunchy dialogue at Itsuki, all in an effort to 'woo' him into her arms. She's another YMMV element and only truly likable for people who enjoy raunchy, shock value sexual comedy.
Linny: Most of the first episode is played for comedy, with the show going so far as to have this giant annoying red stamp, with what I assume is the show's logo, appear on the screen every time a character delivers a punchline. It's annoying because it makes the humour feel very forced, kind of like having canned audience laugh or a drum rimshot play after ever slight joke. However, it's in the last few minutes that Sister's All You Need gets serious and honest, showing us a more humble and sombre side to Itsuki, his dedication and ambitious nature as an author that has nothing to do with his siscon obsession. And best of all, the episode ends on that note, leaving the viewer with a thoughtful moment rather than ending on a surprise joke that ruins an otherwise sound moment. It's a poignant move that has me hoping the show will evolve to be an over the top parody of the siscon genre and not end up becoming the very thing it's mocking.
Tom: A Sister's All You Need doesn't shy away from some of anime's more uncomfortable, sexual topics. Either utilizing them as comedy, or perhaps even seeking to challenge them, like the whole siscon issue. While A Sister's All You Need could be compared to Eromanga-sensei of the Spring season, there's hints that it would like to challenge the concept rather than truly wallow in it. Since the series is touching on one of the most controversial and divisive aspects of the anime medium, I did some digging to try and see whether the hints in this first episode pay off. It's currently unclear however whether the series will truly do all it needs to make this feel like a lampooning of siscon's or deconstruction. For all I was able to gather, it's still very possible A Sister's All You Need will ultimately end up becoming the very thing it seeks to deconstruct.
Linny: When we first started up A Sister's All You Need, going into it blind, the first few outrageous minutes had me cussing at how shameless the show was. We've been subjected to so many series in the past that try to make siscon 'acceptable' by presenting it as a joke/source of comedy and I thought this show was taking that to the extreme. And in all honesty, even once the show moved past that, I doubt a more sensitive and sombre audience could get over the outrageous comedic. But, if you have a more forgiving palette and can stomach jokes that might make others extremely uncomfortable, the last few minutes of the premiere episode have me hopeful that this show could escape the trappings of its genre and even be one of the few acceptable shows with siscon as part of its theme. That is, if it keeps up the condemnation of the obsession and focuses instead on our author being serious about becoming a better writer.
Tom: Despite my reservations, I actually liked what we saw. Sure the comedy can be offensive, but that kind of outrageous nature is my thing. I think anyone comfortable with outrageous, sexual comedy shouldn't have an issue, especially with more of a heart underneath that, it makes A Sister's All You Need feel like a more rounded comedy romance than usual. Where it goes could be entirely uncomfortable or entirely disgusting as its opening five minutes. But the hints dropped that Itsuki will be forced to realize that having a sister is far different than he believes, gives me hope the series is what it truly claims to be. I'm really hoping its title means "A Sister's All You Need to Get Over Your Stupid Sister complex" rather than "A Sister's All You Need to Keep Wallowing in Your Unhealthy Obsession."
A Sister's All You Need. is available for streaming via Crunchyroll and will receive a simuldub at Funimation.com


text: The food situation is still ok, the 2-foots are continuing to feed us, but it has been snowing again. It's white EVERYWHERE! This of course means that the 2-foots will have to dig through the snow to find food for us. One of them went out bright and early this morning, so I assume that he has gone foraging.


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Yellow Fear? It's Over.
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The nursery looks great! I love the neutral theme.
Ryan & Riley's PBK Dream Room Design
I first have to say that through our process of living out here everyone has been so warm and welcoming towards us. It's always a dream come true when your favorite brands are just as excited to work with you as you are with them. They've been kind, generous and extremely patient with us all.
Here in the Curry household things are never at a slow pace and Pottery Barn Kids was more than happy to help us out with our short time frame and new move and make the girls dreams come true! Thank Pottery Barn Kids! I just can't say it enough.
Okay, so onto the design! I was sad to have to leave our new nursery so soon, but due to privacy issues we unfortunately had to find a new home. Pottery Barn Kids was so sweet to try and recreate that feel in both girls rooms and playroom but elevated a bit because as all of you moms and dads know out there, these kids grow fast!!!
I of course raved about how I thought yellows and teals would just be perfect for the space. Riley had other plans and was feeling pinks and purple (naturally). Even though this was their space I truly thought it would have ended up an eye sore.
It ended up being gorgeous, playful, light and airy and a place they could could grow into throughout their childhood. The shade of purple they chose was perfect and the subtle pink accents were just the touch of feminine it needed. They added their favorite things such as butterflies and horses and even added a little kitchenette reminiscent of my own kitchen. I absolutely love this space and so do my littles.
I just wanted to share it with you all because I am proud of the space and often have people ask where certain pieces in their room are from. When in doubt it's Pottery Barn Kids.
I hope you guys enjoy these photos and thank you again to PBK!!!
xo- Ayesha


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Welcometo Parks Caribbean!
Parks Caribbean introduces you to some of the Caribbean's special places,
Protected Areas. These special places are often fragile, usually beautiful, always
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treasure troves of history and culture, weaving stories of struggle, liberation, love,
and hope. The stories and visit to the sites helps us to understand the past,
enjoy the present, and plan for the future. They protect water sources, provide
food, provide medicines, and opportunities for learning and recreation. Some are
so special that they are considered to be World Heritage.
Not only will you enjoy these special places, many of you will fall in love (with places and people) or get married in one.
Parks Caribbean introduces you to programmes, places, and people, but the way to truly experience protected areas in the Caribbean is to immerse yourself in these special places.
New Publication from UN Environment: Guidance on Governance Approaches to Effective MPAs
The "…Guide provides evidence-based advice on how to use the governance of marine protected areas to promote conservation and share sustainable marine resources", and includes 34 MPA case studies from around the world, including cases from the wider Caribbean. https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/enabling-effective-and-equitable-marine-protected-areas-guidance-combining-governance
Best Practice Guidelines: Adapting to Climate Change for Protected Areas
The IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas has released another in its series of best practice guidelines. The Adapting to Climate Change Best Practice Guidelines is meant to provide guidance to protected area managers and planners.
Protected Areas Law and Governance Teaching and Learning Tools
The tools and supporting materials are meant to be used as resources for face-to-face instruction. They are designed for use in a wide variety of settings, including training sessions, workshops, university courses and practitioner seminars. Access to materials and related guidance: http://www.protectedareaslaw.org


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Intestinal System
All of us have petted animals, gone barefoot, drunk from water fountains, shaken hands with others, and, obviously, breathe air and eat food. These are all ways by which parasites enter our bodies! Because these parasites live and breed in our colon, we are all affected in various ways: frequent illness, body odor or bad breath, lowered immune system, difficulty digesting red meats and/or dairy products, depression/irritability, yeast/fungus problems, and slowed metabolism which leads to obesity. The following program will kill the parasites, cleanse the colon, provide the enzymes to digest food properly, and supply the vitamins and minerals to strengthen the body, allowing the Intestinal System to run smoothly and without discomfort. Try These!
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Family Law Section Monthly Lunch
Attorney Vince Rahaman will provide the family law section an overview of the juvenile legal process and how a juvenile case impacts your DR case.
Will apply for 1 general CLE
Please register for this event so that we may give an accurate headcount to the restaurant. Members are free and non-members pay a $10 surcharge. All attendees will be able to order lunch off the menu and pay on separate checks.
Sponsors & Partners
El Paso County Bar Association is a 501(c)6 non-profit organization.
Colorado, P.O. Box 429, Colorado Springs, CO 80901-0429