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Summaries of Must-Read Clinical Literature, Guidelines, and FDA Actions
Angelman Syndrome Treatment Safe, Effective in Exploratory Analyses
Key clinical point: OV101 (gaboxadol), a type A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, was safe and well tolerated in a phase 2 trial, and improved clinical outcomes in exploratory analyses.
Major finding: Clinician-rated clinical global impressions of improvement were superior for gaboxadol versus placebo (P = .0006), informing further development of a phase 3 trial.
Study details: An analysis of data for 78 patients with Angelman syndrome who completed the STARS study, a 12-week, randomized, phase 2 trial that compared OV101 with placebo.
Disclosures: Funding for the study came from Ovid Therapeutics. Dr. Kolevzon reported disclosures related to Ovid Therapeutics, as well as Coronis Neurosciences, 5AM Ventures, SEMA4, LabCorp, and AMO Pharma, among others.


text: Three new species of the freshwater fern Azolla are described from Eocene marine deposits of the Arctic and Nordic seas, bringing the total number of species now documented from these areas to five. Azolla arctica Collinson et al., Azolla jutlandica Collinson et al., Azolla nova sp. nov. and Azolla nuda ... read more

subset: commoncrawl


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Fountain Bar
Located near the Koi Pond, the Fountain Bar is a great place to unwind with family and friends over coffee. It is best known for its delicious pizzas, chocolates and desserts.
Operating Hours:
Mon - Thu, Sun & Public Holidays3pm - 10pm
Last Order: 9.30pm
Fri, Sat & Eve of Public Holidays3pm - 11pm
Last Order: 10.30pm
For more enquiries, please call 6342 3624 or email firstname.lastname@example.com
Reservation: Not Required
Fountain Bar is closed until further notice.


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Trumps tiny hands, but what else? – Liam Pringle
In the video above Marco Rubio takes a shot at Donald Trump for his small hands and at the same time references his "eleventh finger"
Premise 1 – Trump has small hands
Premise 2 – people with small hands have a small penis
There for – trump has a small penis
The truth of this statement is unknown, this is a valid statement if the premises are true, but the argument is not sound.
In the video above Donald Trump counters Marco Rubio's statement about his hands and other body parts
Premise 1 – Donald Trump tells the truth
Premise 2 – Because he is truthful he assures us his hands are large and that he is well of with his size
There for – Donald Trump does have a good size penis
The truthfulness of this statement is unknown, if the premises are true then the argument is valid, the argument is not sound


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Jump to navigation
Enter the article's url One of our curators will take care of it as soon as possible!
Anonymous applications free scientists to make bold proposals, and 'golden tickets' free reviewers to bet on them, says Thomas Sinkjaer.
Data from several lines of evidence suggest that the methodological quality of scientific experiments does not increase with increasing rank of the journal.
Several steps that would dissociate the appraisal of a paper's quality and impact from the decision to publish it.
Institutions have made little progress against the misuse of research metrics when hiring and promoting academics.
All seven of the UK's research councils have signed up to a declaration that calls for the academic community to stop using journal impact factors as a proxy for the quality of scholarship.
The San Francisco Declaration of Research Assessment moves into a global phase of action with community support.
How and why we should get rid of author lists in scientific publications.
Nature journals have signed up to the principles of the Declaration on Research Assessment agreement.
Universities should either sign a pledge not to misuse journal impact factors or explain why they have not, says Stephen Curry.
Journal Impact Factors have a larger influence on the citation impact of a publication than the quality (measured by judgments of peers).
Over 20 European Universities (LERU) signed the DORA Declaration on Research Assessment.
Why shouldn't publishers celebrate an improved impact factor?
Scientists need ways to evaluate themselves and their colleagues. These evaluations are necessary for better everyday management: hiring, promotions, awarding grants and so on. One evaluation metric has dominated these decisions, and that is doing more harm than good.
Panelists and attendees at the American Society for Cell Biology annual meeting considered the future of peer review and journal impact factors.


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New Music Friday: Sofi Tukker, Florence + The Machine, DREAMS
What you should be listening to this weekend, according to Manley & Alyssa
At least once a week Manley and I have a mini music meeting in our office. We blast the new, new and we're either jamming out or yelling "Next!" Hey, being a music nerd can be brutal, but someone has to do it. We rounded up some jams that we think you should be listening to right now, check them out!:
Manley says:
DREAMS - Remember Daniel Johns from Silverchair? Well he teamed up with Luke from Empire of the Sun and I am here for it. They only released a few songs so far, but they are playing Coachella this weekend so I'm excited to see what the hype is after they're done.
Flora Cash - Listen to You're Somebody Else.. this isn't exactly new new, but its new to me so whateva! Really like the vibe on this song. Super chill.
King Princess - Yo, this girl is going to be an absolute star!
*We've been spinning her song '1950' all week which you can download for free, here
Alyssa says:
I've been waiting to hear more music from Sofi Tukker ever since we started playing their song, Best Friend. They have this whole jungle, dancey vibe to their sound (and look!) and I'm stoked they just dropped their debut album, Treehouse today! Definitely check out the entire album, but I'm really feeling this song, Benadryl. That opening line though..
I lost my sanity with my socks.. one at a time I barely noticed.. <3
Florence + The Machine - I freaked out real hard in the studio yesterday when I saw that they released a new song. Florence Welch is Queen and I will love any music she puts out into the world. This brand new song is called Sky Full Of Song and is (I'm assuming) a first taste of the group's forthcoming album that will hopefully drop later this year. You'll be able to pick up a limited-edition 7-inch vinyl version of this one on Record Store Day, April 21st!
Enjoy the tunes and reach out on Twitter to talk New Music Discovery anytime!
Tweet The End


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Sponsored By
Dubai Amusement Park Developer Abandons Six Flags ProjectA massive amusement park in Dubai says it is abandoning plans to build a $454-million Six Flags.
Would You Fly In An Electric Or Autonomous Aircraft?An airline in Europe wants to change the game when it comes to commercial flights, by developing an electric passenger plane. Meanwhile, officials in Dubai are testing an unmanned Air Taxi.
Viral Video: First Class SurpriseCasey Neistat got a free upgrade to first class for a flight from Dubai to New York City. That ride would normally cost more than $21,000.
Six Flags To Open $454 Million Park In DubaiA massive Dubai amusement park project that is still under construction is planning for a $454 million addition to include a Six Flags. Officials said that shareholders will vote on the deal in April.
Shell, Saudi Aramco Split Assets, Including Big Texas RefineryRoyal Dutch Shell PLC and Saudi Arabian Oil Co. will split up the assets of their joint U.S. venture, which will see the kingdom's state-owned producer take full ownership of America's biggest oil refinery.
Base Jumping In DubaiA group of athletes was given permission to base jump from the world's second highest residential structure. The views from the Princess Tower in the heart of the Dubai Marina are stunning.
Eagle-Cam Captures World Record DescentAn eagle descends from the world's tallest building, providing stunning views of the Dubai skyline. Amazingly, the Imperial Eagle locates its handler, setting a world record.
Six Flags Expanding To DubaiThe theme park has announced a partnership to build a Six Flags themed park in Dubai, which would open in 2017.
2 Men Arrested For Exporting Computers To IranFederal authorities say two North Texas men have been arrested for illegally exporting about $12 million worth of computers to Iran.
McIlroy, Donald Share Lead At 11 Under In Dubai Top-ranked Rory McIlroy and No. 2 Luke Donald share the lead with Marc Warren after the second round of the Dubai World Championship.


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Continuing the 25 Year Import Law from Part 1
In part 1 of the USA 25 year import law post series, we covered what the law means. We also looked at what cars it applies to and how a foreign car can be imported into the U.S.
To summarize, any vehicle that is manufactured for foreign markets cannot be imported into the U.S. There are two ways around the 25-year import law:
- First, if a vehicle is more than 25 years old (from manufacture date), it is considered a collector/antique car. This is important because collector/antique cars do not need to adhere to FMVSS and EPA requirements.
- Second, vehicles made specifically for sale in the U.S. can also be imported. This is because these models are already designed to comply with FMVSS and EPA requirements.
More Import Cars That Will Be Available Through the 25 Year Import Law
In part 1 we covered one of the most popular import models, the Nissan Skyline GT-R. In part 2, we'll take a look at a few other notable JDM and EDM models. These currently are (or will soon be) available for import through the 25-year import law.
Toyota Celica GT-4
The Toyota Celica GT-4 is the performance variation of the base Toyota Celica. This started with the Celica's fourth generation and was first introduced in 1986. There are three generations of Celica GT-4s. This includes the ST165, the ST185, and the ST205.
The ST165 was the first iteration of the Celica GT-4. It was actually sold in the U.S. after 1988. It has a slightly different body style from the base Celica, mostly in the front bumper area. The ST165 features a powerful 2.0L turbocharged four-cylinder 3S-GTE engine. It is capable of producing an impressive 190HP. This engine is paired with a 5-speed manual transmission.
While the ST165 is certainly a cool car, it isn't too uncommon within the U.S. because there were models sold here.
The ST185 is a much better model since it received several upgrades over the ST165. The first ST185 appeared in 1989 and was manufactured until 1993. This means all models are eligible for import.
Japanese ST185s feature a newer version of the 2.0L four-cylinder 3S-GTE engine that can now make 222HP. It is faster than the ST165 as a result. The ST185 GT-4 is equipped with a limited-slip differential and viscous coupling in the four-wheel-drive system. This gives the ST185 better handling and stability over the previous GT-4.
All versions of the ST185 GT-4 are now available for import in the U.S. They are well worth the import price. However, you might be more interested in the ST205, which is now available to import for the earliest model year.
The ST205 was never sold in the U.S. This makes it a pure import vehicle. This is by far the most powerful Celica model. It is capable of producing 250HP with the improved 3S-GTE engine. The ST205 also features an improved suspension and is overall lighter.
The ST205 is most notable for being a rally car and an impressive one at that. This is due to having incredible power mixed with great all-wheel drive and low overall weight. If you like the Celica body type, you'll love the performance offered in a GT-4. You can import the 1994 model now and the 1995 model in 2020.
Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution
Another popular import model is the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution. Specifically, this includes the four oldest generations, the Evo I, Evo II, Evo III, and Evo IV. These are the only models that are currently (or will soon be) available for import.
Evo I
The very first Evo appeared in 1992 and was based on the Mitsubishi Lancer. However, the model is equipped with a much stronger engine. This is a 2.0L turbocharged four-cylinder 4G63T engine that produces a whopping 244HP. It is paired with a 5-speed manual transmission. These give the Evo a real racing feel that makes the model popular as a street racer.
Evo II
The Evo II was sold starting in 1994. This means it has just recently become available for import. Over the previous model, it has superior handling and an improved wheelbase. The engine also received slight upgrades that increased output to 252HP. The Evo II was sold for just a year before the third version appeared.
Evo III
The Evo III received cosmetic upgrades giving it a much racier feel. It is equipped with an upgraded turbocharger compressor and slight engine improvements. Just like the Evo II, it was sold for roughly a year before the next version appeared. Next year the Evo III will become eligible for import. However, you may want to wait another year for the Evo IV.
Evo IV
The Evo IV is particularly important because the entire Lancer platform changed in 1996. It has a better balance of weight distribution despite being heavier than previous models. Thanks to a new turbocharger, the Evo IV can produce 276HP. This makes it significantly faster.
Another notable feature is that the Evo IV is equipped with Active Yaw Control. This makes the model much easier to handle and extremely responsive. To go with mechanical and technology upgrades, the Evo IV received cosmetic updates as well. There are a pair of fog lights on the Evo's bumper, making it stand out from previous iterations.
This model is one of the most popular Evos. It was also the last version classified as a compact. Thanks to racing seats and the styling of the interior, the Evo IV feels the most like a street racer. You should definitely wait until 2021 to pick up one of the rare Evo IV models.
Subaru STI 22B
One of the rarest JDM models is the Subaru STI 22B. There were less than 500 vehicles ever produced. This makes it almost impossible to actually find. It was manufactured for roughly 6 months in 1998. The STI 22B closely resembles the Lancer Evolution. This is not an accident because the two models are loosely based on each other.
This sporty car is unlike any other for a few reasons. First, it was only manufactured in the color blue with distinct gold wheels. Second, it is capable of reaching 60 MPH in less than 4 seconds. This is a result of being equipped with an insane 2.2L EJ22G that makes 280HP. It is paired with a 5-speed manual transmission with short gear ratios.
For its time, the STI 22B was one of the fastest cars in the world. It was significantly cheaper than any other vehicle that produced such speed. Throw in exceptional handling and responsiveness and it makes you feel like you're directly connected to the vehicle. The STI 22B will first be available for import in 2023. Even if you want one, you won't likely find one for sale. There were such a few models ever made and collectors are likely to hold on tight.
Audi RS2
One final import vehicle to think about is the Audi RS2. It is unlike most other notable importable vehicles because it is actually a station wagon. It was manufactured between 1994 and 1995. This means that it has just two model years. Both will be available to import beginning next year.
The RS2 is actually made in collaboration with Porsche, adding to the model's legacy. This 6-speed manual transmission car is insanely fast. It is equipped with a 2.2L turbocharged five-cylinder engine that makes an incredible 315HP.
The RS2 is capable of reaching 60 MPH in less than 5 seconds. It also has a top speed exceeding 160 MPH. This mark is crazy for a station wagon. It also has a fantastic suspension offering impressive handling. Thanks to a racing-style racing-styled interior, it certainly feels like a fast vehicle and has the performance to back it up.
Importing one is another story because less than 3,000 models were ever made. The RS2 has an extremely devoted following. Plus it is technically half Audi, half Porsche. The price tag on an RS2 will surely be high. Driving one will be absolutely worth it should you ever get behind the wheel.
If you have been waiting for a 25-year old car to import into the United States of America, we are entering into very exciting years! This should lead to an increase in cool and unique cars that you will see from all around the world, that were never seen in the states previously.
Do you have something you would like to import & drive? Let us know in the comments below!
Find a repair service manual for your imported JDM or EDM car here.
Sources & References:


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The Deuce : after new accusations of misconduct sexual allegations made against James Franco, HBO reacts
While a new wave of accusations of misconduct in sexual surfaced against James Franco, HBO has responded.
Since the scandal Weinstein, the disappearance of Kevin Spacey's last film, Ridley Scott and the cancellation of the release of the movie of Louis C. K., it is now clear that accusations of abuses or sexual assaults are of such a nature as to threaten the productions entire.
In this context, one imagines that HBO works currently on eggs. In effect, the series, The Deuce, the famous showrunner David Simon, uses James Franco, who appears as a key element of the show, since he is the producer and the interpreter of the two essential roles. However, the artist is since the Golden Globes in the wake of accusations of misconduct sexual, that have initially flourished on the social networks.
A dual-role under threat ?
It is therefore a pre-crisis communication has to do the giant us cable, which would find itself in an extremely complex situation if it were to operate heavy changes in a production costly and appreciated by the public and the critics (our review of season 1). If the scandal had yet to swell, separate from James Franco or continue as if nothing had happened, could seem like two bad solutions.
In this context, febrile, David Simon has released a statement, in which he states that at the present time, The Deuce as HBO have not had reason to complain about the behavior of the actor.
"I discovered this at the same time as everyone else, and tries to discern the true from the false. Personally, and I can't express myself informed about The Deuce, I checked with my fellow producers and the rest of the staff. We have no complaint or no complainant and nothing has been brought to our attention concerning any type of incident that this is related to Mr. Franco. "


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Seen on runways over the past few seasons, cardigans are finally getting the love they so deserve in the real world, popping up on the street everywhere from London to New York with It girls putting their own spin on the cozy knit. Taking cues from Chanel's shrunken 'Cha-nel' logo version or Ganni's longline, oversized iterations, the street style set tucked in or layered their favourite cardigans with ease.
Whether you wear yours buttoned up and tucked into jeans or layered under a trench, the humble Nanna knit deserves a spot in your winter rotation. Plus, with Australia's ever-warming weather, it's the perfect way to add warmth to an autumn wardrobe without overdoing it in the wool department. Not convinced? See below for proof you cardi-can pull off your grandmother's favourite piece.


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17.1k points
Clutch kicker.Tea Drinker.Dog owner.Bud smoker. It's like RC says: "Touch clutch and be Up."
Chi City
22nd September 2017
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Contracts are the life-blood of business. They can be written or oral, formal or informal. And they come in all shapes and sizes, including equipment leases, vendor agreements, purchase orders, master services agreements, licenses, and many more.
Sometimes parties end up disagreeing over what the terms of the contract mean, whether there has been full compliance with those terms, or even if a contract exists. Sometimes obligations under a contract are void or unenforceable under the law.
The time to address a potential contract dispute is as soon as it appears that there may be a problem. Litigation can often be avoided by early action. For example, clarifying a disputed point, or giving contractually required notice may "force the issue" before too much time and money has been spent, and while the parties still are eager to work together.
If a litigation is unavoidable, then following contractual requirements regarding dispute resolution is key. It is also important to make sure that the aggrieved party has, itself, fulfilled all of its obligations.
ASG Law can help address contract disputes, minimize their disruption, and if necessary, litigate them in court.


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MYEFO not hitting targets
Posted on: Wed 19 Dec 2018
The numbers in the recently announced Mid-Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook show has failed to hit many of its own targets.
Danielle Woods, Program Director of the Budget Policy and Institutional Reform at Grattan Institute, joins Breakfast's Zoe Kounadis to discuss more.
Produced by Zoe Kounadis
Image Sourced: Wikipedia


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You got a fetish for my love.
Selena Gomez is giving fans another glimpse of her upcoming music video for "Fetish" featuring Gucci Mane.
In the latest teaser, Selena holds her hands up to the sky to shield her delicate face from the glaring sunlight. Her Tweet also featured the lyric, "You got a fetish for my love." Selenators are familiar with the line – bits and pieces of the song are currently floating around the Internet right now.
Selena Gomez Unveils Cover Art For New Song Fetish Featuring Gucci Mane
We won't have to wait much longer for the official release (July 13), but until then let this preview tide you over:
You got a fetish for my love. pic.twitter.com/x4rDhPJ4md
— Selena Gomez (@selenagomez) July 10, 2017
Thoughts? Let us know in Exhale.
And while you're at it… leave a comment and follow us on Facebook, Twitter & Instagram and subscribe to our YouTube channel.


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For safety reasons, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends babies sleep without any loose blankets, so at night it's best to choose an outfit that keeps your baby comfortable without extra layers.
Avoid over-bundling your baby: most nights your infant can wear a onesie and a cotton swaddle, or cotton pajamas with feet. In the winter, heavier pajamas or an additional sleep sack (a sleeveless, wearable blanket) will work.
Older children tend to kick off their covers at night, so you may want to dress your toddler or young child in an outfit that works without blankets as well. Choose pajama fabrics that are breathable and won't cause your child to sweat during the night. The same general principle of cool air for better sleep applies to children, so try to keep the room in the mid-60 degree range.


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The Chehalis Basin is unique. It supports distinct communities and landscapes, commercial farms and forests, and important and rare species of fish and wildlife. It is home to the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, and the Quinault Indian Nation's fishing, hunting, and gathering rights within the Basin are recognized by U.S. treaty.
Flooding is a normal part of the Chehalis basin's ecology, but decades of intensive land use have made our lands and waterways incapable of absorbing even normal levels of flooding, putting homes, businesses, towns, and fish and wildlife at greater and greater risk.
Now, climate change is making the situation potentially catastrophic.
The Chehalis Basin Strategy is bringing people together across the Basin to halt and reverse the devastating decline of salmon and other aquatic species, and protect communities and landscapes from the predicted increase of flooding disasters.
The Chehalis Basin Strategy
The Chehalis Basin Strategy is a 10-year partnership of agency, tribal, and independent scientists, private landowners, utility managers, fishers, farmers, and foresters, and local leaders who are imagining and examining new paths forward.
Early actions to restore aquatic species habitat and help the region withstand flooding are already underway. As the long-term strategy continues to take shape, residents across the Basin are invited to weigh in on the set of actions under consideration.
What's happening now?
2020 is the year the Chehalis Basin Board will develop the suite of interlocking recommendations to make the region more resilient in the face of climate change. The Board is guiding the evaluation process and will make its recommendations for how to combine and sequence its priority projects and actions in a long-term strategy by the end of 2020.
Evaluating actions
2020 kicked off with a seminar to evaluate the Aquatic Species Restoration Plan, a key part of the Chehalis Basin Strategy. More than 150 community members, scientists, and restoration professionals attended. Refinements will be made throughout the year, in partnership with local landowners.
A flood damage reduction project proposed by the Flood Control District in Lewis County is also under consideration for inclusion as a piece of the strategy. The Chehalis Basin Board supported the Flood District's decision to sponsor the project and forward it for formal environmental review by state and federal agencies. Learn more about this proposed project, which includes a flood protection dam and airport levee improvements.
- Draft report release from state environmental review: Feb. 27, 2020
- Open comment period for draft report: February 27 – May 27, 2020
More information on previously-evaluated actions, including local-scale flood adaptation, is available in the 2017 Programmatic EIS.


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Robert Ray Beech
Mr. Ray Beech passed away at Queen Victoria Hospital, Revelstoke on Saturday, October 18th, 2008 at the age of 73 years. A Memorial Service was held at the Revelstoke United Church on Friday afternoon, October 24th with Mr. Gary Sulz officiating. Cremation.
Flowers are acceptable, or memorial contributions may be made to the Mt. Cartier Court Foundation, c/o P.O. Bag 5000, Revelstoke, B.C. V0E 2S0, in memory of Ray.
Ray was born in Calgary, Alberta on May 9, 1935 and had been a resident of Revelstoke since 1942. His grandfather Thomas Beech came to live in Revelstoke in 1910, and this was always home to Ray, an area he loved. Ray was an avid fisherman who also enjoyed doing crossword puzzles, woodworking, watching baseball on television, listening to music, going on picnics and spending time at his cabin at Mabel Lake. He was an accomplished athlete in his younger years, from playing basketball for the high school team to playing hardball for the Revelstoke Spikes. Ray was a collector of photos, slides and music. He was a very intelligent man who was knowledgeable on most topics. Ray worked the mink farm on his father's property for a few years, a venture that brought his family closer together. He was always concerned about the welfare of others and very compassionate. Ray taught his family to appreciate life.
Ray was predeceased by his parents and by two nieces, April and Laurie. He is survived by his wife Betty of Revelstoke; four children: Rob (Cheryl) of Golden, Jenny of Vancouver, Jeff (Tammy) of Revelstoke and Keith of Golden; five grandchildren: Sarah, Jake, Jon, Brooke and Brianna; siblings: Lois (Fran) Meunier of Edmonton and Barry (Lorraine) Beech of Burnaby, numerous nieces and nephews, his best friends the Schumacher family as well as his dog Metoo.
Arrangements were in the care of
Brandon Bowers Funeral Home, Revelstoke.


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Cellulitis: symptoms, causes, and treatments
Cellulitis, not to be confused with cellulite, is a bacterial infection of the dermis - the deep layer of skin - as well as the subcutaneous tissues (fat and soft tissue layer) that are under the skin.
Some types of bacteria are naturally present on the skin and do not normally cause any harm. However, if the bacteria go deep into the skin, they can cause an infection. Bacteria can enter through cuts, grazes, or bites.
People with conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis may have a higher risk of developing cellulitis.
Here are some key points about cellulitis. More detail and supporting information is in the main article.
- Cellulitis occurs when bacteria enter the deep layers of skin through a wound or sore.
- The legs are most commonly affected.
- Risk factors include a reduced immune response and obesity.
- Diagnosis of cellulitis is relatively easy from observing external symptoms.
- Cellulitis nearly always responds rapidly to antibiotics.
Symptoms of cellulitis
Although symptoms may appear in any part of the body, the legs are most commonly affected. The affected area will become:
- warm
- tender
- inflamed
- swollen
- red
- painful
Some people may develop blisters, skin dimpling, or spots. They might also experience a fever, chills, nausea, and shivering.
Lymph glands may swell and become tender. If the cellulitis has affected the person's leg, the lymph glands in their groin may also be swollen or tender.
Causes of cellulitis
Cellulitis is an infection of the deeper layers of the skin.
Bacteria from the Streptococci and staphylococci groups are commonly found on the surface of the skin and cause no harm, however, if they enter the skin, they can cause infection.
For the bacteria to access the deeper skin layers, they need a route in, which is usually through a break in the skin. A break in the skin can be caused by:
- ulcers
- burns
- bites
- grazes
- cuts
- some skin conditions, such as eczema, athlete's foot, or psoriasis
Some people develop cellulitis without being able to identify a break in the skin.
Risk factors for cellulitis
The following risk factors increase the likelihood of cellulitis.
- Leg swelling (edema): This raises the chances of developing cellulitis.
- Weakened immune system: Including people who are undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, those with HIV or AIDS, and older adults.
- Diabetes: If the diabetes is not properly treated or controlled, a person's immune system can be weaker, or they may have circulatory problems, which can lead to skin ulcers.
- Blood circulation problems: People with circulation issues may develop skin infections.
- Other skin infections: Conditions, such as chicken pox and shingles may cause skin blisters. If the blisters break, they can become ideal routes for bacteria to get into the skin.
- Lymphedema: This condition causes swollen skin that is more likely to crack. Cracks in the skin may become perfect entry routes for bacteria.
- Previous cellulitis: A person who has had cellulitis before has a higher risk than others of developing it again.
- Intravenous drug users: Drug addicts who do not have access to a regular supply of clean needles are more likely suffer from infections deep inside the skin.
Treatments for cellulitis
The following treatments are commonly recommended for cellulitis:
Antibiotics are commonly used to treat cellulitis.
Cellulitis nearly always responds rapidly to antibiotics. Some people experience a slight worsening of the reddening of the skin at the start of antibiotic treatment, which usually subsides within a couple of days.
However, anyone who experiences fever, vomiting, or any worsening of their symptoms after starting antibiotic treatment, should contact a doctor immediately. Many different types of antibiotics can be used to treat cellulitis. Which type the doctor prescribes will depend on what type of bacteria the doctor suspects has caused the infection.
Antibiotics are normally taken for 5-10 days, but treatment might last 14 days or more in some cases.
Home remedies
There is no way to treat cellulitis at home, and this condition needs to be treated by a doctor. If someone suspects they have cellulitis, they should call a doctor right away, and:
- drink plenty of water
- keep the affected area elevated, which helps reduce swelling and pain
- take painkillers, as recommended by a doctor
Treatment in the hospital
Some people with severe cellulitis may require hospital treatment, especially if the cellulitis is deteriorating, if the person has a high fever, is vomiting, fails to respond to treatment, or has recurrences of cellulitis. Most people who are treated in hospital will receive their antibiotic through a vein in their arm (intravenously, using a drip).
Diagnosis and complications of cellulitis
Diagnosis is usually fairly straightforward and does not generally require any complicated tests. A doctor will examine the individual and assess their symptoms. Although most cases of cellulitis are caused by streptococci and staphylococci, other medical problems like Lyme disease may look like cellulitis, so it is important to have good follow-up with a doctor after diagnosis.
The doctor may take a swab (sample) if there is an open wound. This can help them identify what type of bacteria is causing cellulitis. However, these samples are easily contaminated due to the multiple types of bacteria that live on the skin all the time. After treatment, the patient will need to return for a follow-up so that the doctor can confirm that the treatment has worked.
A small percentage of patients may have serious complications that include:
- Blood infection and sepsis: If the bacteria reach the bloodstream, the person has a higher risk of developing sepsis. A person with sepsis may have a fever, accelerated heartbeat, rapid breathing, low blood pressure (hypotension), dizziness when standing up, reduced urine flow, and sweaty, pale, cold skin.
- Infection moving to other regions: This is very unusual, but the bacteria that caused the cellulitis can spread to other parts of the body, including muscle, bone, or the heart valves. If this happens, the person needs treatment immediately.
- Permanent swelling: People who do not receive treatment for their cellulitis are at higher risk of having a permanent swelling in the affected area.
In the vast majority of cases, cellulitis treatment is effective, and the person will not experience any complications.
Preventing cellulitis
Although some cases of cellulitis are not preventable, there are things that people can do to reduce their chances of developing it:
- Treat cuts and grazes: If the skin is broken because of a cut, bite, or graze, it should be kept clean to reduce risk of infection.
- Reduce the likelihood of scratching and infecting the skin: The risk of the skin being damaged by scratching will be greatly reduced if fingernails are kept short and clean.
- Take good care of the skin: If the skin is dry, use moisturizers to prevent skin from cracking. Individuals with greasy skin will not need to do this. Moisturizers will not help if the skin is already infected.
- Protect the skin: Wear gloves and long sleeves when gardening; do not wear shorts if there is a likelihood of grazing the skin of the legs.
- Lose weight if you are obese: Obesity may raise the risk of developing cellulitis.
"Cellulitis" Symptoms & Treatment (Video Medical And Professional 2020).


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Getting into summer shape should be a year-round goal
- Drink a glass of water before eating.
- Watch serving sizes. Measure and weigh your food so you can learn what your portion sizes should be.
- Learn how many calories are in specific food servings. It won't take long for you to know the calorie counts for foods you eat most often.
- Practice eating slowly.
- Include food that's high in fiber, such as whole grains and vegetables, to help you to feel fuller.
- Plan healthy snacks between meals. This can keep you from getting so hungry that you overeat at meals.
- Notice how your feelings affect your hunger. Do you turn to food when you feel anxious, upset, or stressed? If so, look for other ways to make yourself feel better, such as deep breathing, meditation, a walk, writing in a journal, or calling a friend.
- If you take insulin, learn to balance the amount you eat at meals with the amount of insulin you take.
- Start with a warm-up.
- Learn the correct way to do specific exercises.
- Boost activity level gradually if you haven't been exercising regularly, then work your way up to more complex routines.
- Pay attention to your body and rest when necessary.
- Stay hydrated.
- Exercise within your ability level.
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Healthy eating and exercise should be daily, lifelong goals, rather than short-term fixes for unhealthy habits
By Lauren Glendenning
Brought to you by Kaiser Permanente
Healthy habits shouldn't ebb and flow as the seasons change, but many Americans tend to gear up for summer sunshine by setting exercise and nutrition goals that stray from their typical routines.
While a short-term weight-loss goal can motivate people to be healthier, physicians don't recommend healthy lifestyles as a seasonal choice.
"Healthy eating and exercising are meant to be year-round," said Dr. Carol Venable, Internal Medicine physician at Kaiser Permanente's Frisco Medical Offices.
For those who strive to make healthy habits a year-round routine but still fall short, the safest way to try to get into summer shape is to change habits in ways that are sustainable long-term. That means incorporating subtle nutrition and fitness habits rather than making major changes.
"I advise patients to start with a trifling amount of activity for a short duration and slowly work up to more rigorous regimens," Venable said.
Colorado does well in many health rankings — we've been dubbed the fittest state, the state with the lowest obesity rate and one of the least couch-potatoey states, among other rankings — meaning many Coloradans have shorter-term health and fitness goals that are likely to be realistically attainable. But that doesn't mean people don't try to overdo it when they're dreaming of fun in the summertime sun.
"People often are overly zealous," Venable said.
Focusing on exercise outcomes rather than exercise itself could lead to higher risks of injury, according to Harvard Medical School. It's important to find exercises that match your abilities, which includes using the right equipment and wearing the right shoes. It's also essential that people know their limits and exercise accordingly.
"Just like plants don't grow to full height overnight, so, too, people should not expect to be marathoners in just a session or two of exercise," Venable said.
Overuse injuries account for nearly 30 percent of all workout-related injuries, according to a study of college athletes published in the Journal of Athletic Training. That's why anyone starting a new exercise regimen needs to understand why proper resting also is necessary.
Venable advises patients to consider healthy eating habits as a lifelong goal. When people jump from poor eating habits to an extreme change, such as a crash diet, other health risks can arise.
Gallstones, a loss of lean body mass, poor overall nutrition and more are some of the risks of crash dieting, according to the Obesity Action Coalition. There's also something called the "rebound effect," in which most people who lose weight during a short period of time gain it back.
"When you drastically reduce calories, even if you need to lose weight, your body thinks you are starving. As a protective mechanism, your body slows your metabolism – but this makes it harder to keep losing weight," according to the Obesity Action Coalition. "It also means that when you start adding more calories, you can regain weight very quickly. Many people will find they regain faster than they lost after this kind of drastic diet."
This goes back to Venable's points that healthy eating isn't something people should undertake short-term. Incorporating these habits into daily life will lead to greater overall health, including lower body weight.
"Fitness and healthful eating are lifelong goals," she said. "It is important, therefore, to come up with solutions that are not short-term fixes, but rather sustainable approaches that can be easily incorporated."
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Tasting Room Coordinator
Melissa was raised on the Bently Ranch, and always wanted to be part of the Bently family. Her father, Salvador Vazquez, has worked at the ranch for over fifteen years. Growing up within the Bently environment exposed her to copious experiences and knowledge of the ranch.
Melissa has a very diverse work history that focuses on hospitality, customer service, and retail. Her biggest priority is to create a memorable experience that will have customers reminiscing for years to come. In her free time, she loves to spend time enjoying new foods with her daughter Valentine. She also loves letting her creative juices flow through her makeup and special effects makeup work. Melissa's qualifications include a WSET Spirits Level II certification.


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- April 12 – October 6, 2019
- Curated by: Petra Joos, Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, in collaboration with Giovanni Casini, and in consultation with Vivien Greene, Senior Curator of 19th- and Early 20th-Century Art, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York.
- Sponsored by: Iberdrola
The Bolognese painter Giorgio Morandi represented everyday objects in his still lifes, distilling the mundane subject matter to its pure, essential form in his compositions.
This exhibition brings together, for the first time, Morandi's signature paintings and a selection of Old Master works that informed his artistic practice throughout his career.
Each of the three galleries creates a dialogue between Morandi's paintings and specific Old Master works and highlights prominent qualities the Italian artist absorbed from these precursors: the theatricality of 17th-century Spanish painting; the naturalism of the Italian Seicento; and the intimacy and geometry of Chardin.
Morandi concentrated on discrete details in the Old Master canvases that he admired, such as El Greco's flowers; Zurbarán's use of light to evince form; the humble details in the compositions of Crespi, an 18th-century Bolognese artist; and Chardin's houses of cards.
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao presents A Backward Glance: Giorgio Morandi and the Old Masters. This survey of a great 20th-century Italian painter explores the relationships between his still lifes and some of his main art historical sources. Sponsored by Iberdrola, this exhibition brings together, for the first time, an extensive selection of Morandi's exceptional paintings and works by the Old Masters who impacted his artistic practice, which spanned over four decades, from post-World War I to the early 1960s.


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A battle is brewing for control of Sirius XM Radio Inc., with uncertain consequences for the nearly 20 million people who use the satellite radio service to listen to music, sports and personalities from Howard Stern to Martha Stewart.
With Sirius possibly heading into bankruptcy protection, the key player is satellite TV mogul Charlie Ergen.
The chief executive of satellite TV provider Dish Network Corp. and sister firm EchoStar Corp. is a former professional gambler who bought much of a $300 million batch of discounted Sirius bonds that come due next week. He offered to restructure the debt and inject several hundred million dollars into Sirius in exchange for control over the company, according to The Wall Street Journal.
His maneuvering comes as Sirius has few options left.
The satellite radio company has never made a profit despite signing up increasing numbers of subscribers, because it was burdened with massive interest payments on its debt. Analysts say it could have grown out of its problems, especially after acquiring rival XM last year, but it was hit hard by the credit crunch and poor auto sales - its main distribution channel.
Now time is running out for Sirius and its CEO, Mel Karmazin, the former head of media giant Viacom Inc. and a past adversary of Ergen.
Ergen holds the "cards that determine whether or not Sirius goes into bankruptcy," said Sanford Bernstein analyst Craig Moffett. "He's the one to whom interest is due."
Even in bankruptcy, debt holder Ergen would be assured a seat at the table for possible control of the company. Sirius has to refinance or repay nearly $1 billion of debt this year alone, and it's not clear how much Ergen holds and for which company - Dish or EchoStar, a provider of set-top boxes and satellite services that was spun off from Dish last year.
If Sirius files for bankruptcy, Sirius could see a shuffle of talent. Contracts such as its five-year, $500 million pact with Howard Stern could be terminated, and Stern could jump ship. Stern's publicist did not return calls for comment.
Sirius, Dish Network and EchoStar also declined to comment. Joseph Clayton, the former CEO of Sirius who joined EchoStar's board last year, was not available to comment. Ergen did not immediately return a call for comment.
But it's clear that Ergen, a satellite TV pioneer known for his independent streak and tenacity, has confounded Wall Street with his latest move. Analysts sharply disagree about his motives.
Battle brewing for control of Sirius
A battle is brewing for control of Sirius XM Radio Inc., with uncertain consequences for the nearly 20 million people who use the satellite radio service to listen to music, sports and personalities from Howard Stern to Martha Stewart.


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Belgium based doodle artist. Joke Neyrinck, a 36-year-old Belgian illustrator & visual artist.
The Doodle Woman has had an experience in paper and digital drawing for more than 10 years.
Now I want also to draw walls in the public places.
For years Jook has been building her own private 'empire of doodles'. She uses a self-invented technique of automatic drawing to delve into the subconscious. By quickly drawing, barring any conscious thought, she's giving as much room as possible to her imagination. A new and totally unique world arises. Her anthropomorphic and surreal scenes depict a plethora of creatures, spanning from cute and innocent-looking to downright bizarre and monster-like. She invites you to get inspired. Join Jook's world! Jook was a finalist for the Lumen Art Price, frequently has art shows and partakes in exhibitons at home and abroad.
Visit the Website: www.jook.be
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Mahbub ul Haq
"Basic needs" is fast becoming an endangered code word. To some, the concept of providing for the basic needs of the poorest represents a futile attempt to redistribute incomes and provide welfare services for the poor, without stimulating corresponding increases in their productivity to pay for them. To others, it identifies the ultimate objective of economic development which should shape national planning for investment, production, and consumption. To some, it conjures up the image of a move toward socialism, and whispered references are made to the experience of China and Cuba. To others, it represents a capitalist conspiracy to deny industrialization and modernization to the developing countries and thereby to keep them dependent upon the developed world. To still others, it is a pragmatic response to the urgent problem of absolute poverty in their midst. It is amazing how two such innocent, five-letter words could mean so many different things to so many different people.
This is the final article in a series. Previous articles were:
• "From growth to basic needs" by Paul Streeten, September 1979.
• "Country experience in providing for basic needs" by Frances Stewart, December 1979.
• "Sectoral priorities for meeting basic needs" by Shahid Javed Burki, March 1980.
• "A strategy to reduce malnutrition" by Alan Berg, March 1980.
• "Poverty and progress—choices for the developing world" by Hollis B. Chenery, June 1980.
• "Is there a tradeoff between growth and basic needs?" by Norman L. Hicks, June 1980.
All these articles are being reprinted by the World Bank in a booklet entitled Poverty and Basic Needs.
It is possible that "basic needs" has become such a code word that it is impossible by now to restore a meaningful perspective on this issue without abandoning the code word itself. That should not be too much of a loss. What needs to be protected is the objective, not the word. A redefinition is needed of the objective of development as increasing the income-earning capacity of the poor, both through greater national production and through the extension and the redistribution of public services.
It should be recognized, too, that terms like "basic needs strategies," "basic needs sectors," or "basic needs projects" are misleading. They confuse an ultimate goal with intermediate means. Many different activities can help meet basic needs and reduce absolute poverty—from building infrastructure to constructing a health dispensary. The indirect impact of some policies may be just as important as their direct impact. This confusion between ends and means lies at the heart of the current heated international debate on basic needs. An attempt is made in this article to clarify some major issues in this debate and to offer an international perspective on the role of basic needs in the development effort.
Misconceptions about the concept
The concept of basic needs brings to any development strategy a heightened concern with meeting the consumption needs of the whole population, particularly in the areas of education and health, but also in nutrition, housing, water supply, and sanitation. In formulating policies aimed at reducing poverty, a good deal of attention has generally been paid to restructuring patterns of production and income so that they benefit the poor. But similar attention has not been devoted to their needs for public services.
It should be recognized, however, that basic needs is not exclusively a welfare concept. Indeed, one of the major conclusions of recent World Bank studies is that sufficient empirical evidence exists to demonstrate that improved education and health often make a major contribution to increased productivity (see World Development Report, 1980).
The pursuit of basic needs is not a distinct development strategy in itself. It is a major goal of development which can be, and has been, achieved through a variety of development strategies. However, the explicit adoption of this goal as an important development objective involves gearing production, investment, and income policies to meet basic needs in a cost-effective fashion and according to a specific time frame.
These are issues that have been concerning the World Bank for some time, and the previous articles in this series have reported on the findings of the Bank's studies on meeting basic needs in different areas and different spheres of activity (see box). Specifically, the Bank has studied the application of the basic needs approach in particular countries and in certain sectors—health, education, water, nutrition, and housing. The studies also attempted to understand the linkages between the application of this concept to particular sectors, and its effects on growth in an economy.
Increasing productivity
The only way that absolute poverty can be eliminated on a permanent and sustainable basis is to increase the productivity of the poor. But this concern with direct methods to increase the productivity of the poor needs to be supplemented, for at least four reasons.
• First, education and health are required, besides machines and land and credit, to contribute to a higher level of productivity. Most poor people have limited access to such public services as education, health care, and water supplies which they need if they are to break out of the vicious circle of low productivity and poverty.
• Second, many poor people have no physical assets—neither a small farm nor a small industry. They are landless or urban poor. The only "asset" they possess is their own two hands and their willingness to work. In such a situation, the development of human resources through education and health programs is essential to increase their productivity.
• Third, it is not enough to enable the poor to earn a reasonable income. They also need goods and services on which to spend it. Markets do not always supply wage goods, particularly public services. Expansion and redistribution of public services becomes essential if basic needs are to be met.
• Finally, it may take a long time to increase the productivity of the absolute poor to a level where they can afford at least the minimum bundle of basic needs for a productive life. In the interim period, some income groups—particularly the bottom 10 to 20 per cent—may need short-term subsidy programs.
Third World suspicions
So the implications of the Bank's work on how to reach the very poor in a society are quite clear: both increasing their income-earning capacity and meeting their basic needs are essential. But ultimately the decision to try to reduce poverty, and the choice of a development strategy, rests with the country concerned, and not with any outside institution. In this context, the suspicion with which Third World negotiators in international forums regard the concept of basic needs has to be examined seriously, particularly since one of the principal objectives of their national development plans is to meet basic needs.
It is always difficult to separate myths and reality in a debate like this. But some of the reasons for the disenchantment of the Third World negotiators with international discussions on basic needs can be identified.
To begin with, the negotiators suspect that the developed countries are belatedly becoming concerned with basic needs because they think it will mean providing less assistance. In fact, current official development assistance (ODA) levels may have to be at least doubled in real terms if significant progress is to be made in meeting the basic needs of the absolute poor over the next two decades, and if the problems of transition are to be cushioned in the recipient country so that the programs will not inflict a totally unacceptable price on the rich and powerful sections of society. But few donors have indicated their willingness to provide more assistance while they advocate the adoption of a basic needs approach by the developing countries. The real assurance on this issue can come only from the rich nations; they should commit themselves to specific targets for raising the level of their assistance to support programs which provide basic needs for the majority of the poor in the Third World within a reasonable period of time.
Third World negotiators also suspect that the current stress on basic needs will be used to deny assistance to them for infrastructure, modernization, or industrialization. This again reflects a confusion between ends and means. Basic needs is an objective, not a specific route toward development. Developing countries may well establish steel mills, or any other industry, and still remain consistent with their aim to reduce poverty so long as the benefits of the consequent growth are channeled to the poor. So the support of the donors for such projects should be based on their judgment of whether the overall development plans and policies of the country concerned are consistent with the objective of meeting basic needs, rather than on an evaluation of individual projects.
There is also suspicion that emphasis on basic needs will divert ODA from some middle-income countries to the poorest countries. Such a diversion, in fact, would be a logical development. At present, 55 per cent of bilateral ODA is still allocated to the middle-income countries, which contain only 20 per cent of the global population of absolute poor. If ODA were to be reallocated according to a basic needs criterion, it would have to be diverted to the poorest nations. The impact of such a diversion could be cushioned, however, by enabling the middle-income countries to have a greater and more assured access to the capital markets of the developed countries and by channeling ODA increasingly through multilateral institutions. The International Development Association (IDA), for instance, could use more funds and has the advantage that professional criteria are applied in determining its country allocations. Over 90 per cent of IDA resources are allocated to the poorest countries already, compared to 45 per cent of ODA through bilateral channels.
A further concern of the Third World negotiators is that the donors will intervene more in the internal economic and political management of their countries under the convenient banner of auditing basic needs programs. This is a delicate policy area to discuss with any semblance of objectivity. In a way, there is always some degree of policy intervention by the donors: its objectives and form may change over time. But the heart of aid diplomacy is for officials in donor countries to identify the point beyond which policy intervention becomes counterproductive. Perhaps a distinction has to be made here between a donor's signals on overall policy, which are generally more acceptable to recipient countries, and specific project and policy conditionality and detailed monitoring, which are far less acceptable. For instance, overall policy signals can make clear that additional assistance will be given to those countries which commit themselves to giving higher priority to basic needs. There is an additional consideration: in general, performance auditing by multilateral institutions, such as the IDA, or special arrangements for participatory monitoring, as was the case with the Marshall Plan, are more acceptable than similar action by bilateral donors. In any case, the developed countries will have to be very careful about the extent and form of policy intervention they can usefully apply at a time when the developing countries are seeking greater equality, independence, self-reliance, and participation in international decision making and when they are in the least receptive mood for such intervention.
Finally, there is an overwhelming concern on the part of the Third World negotiators that the current debate over basic needs may be used by the developed countries to divert attention from the North-South dialogue on the New International Economic Order. There is a concern that the advocacy of basic needs will be used by the donors to tell the developing countries to reform their own national priorities before they question the inequities of the international system. Moreover, the basic needs debate is concerned exclusively with resource transfers while the dialogue on the New International Economic Order includes discussion of areas such as trade, credit markets, technology, and multinationals. A parallel can be drawn here to attempts at achieving equality of opportunity at the national level: if the poor are to achieve greater equality of opportunity, they need not only resource transfers but also a restructuring of various institutions and markets. Any conflict between basic needs and the New International Economic Order begins to fade if basic needs is accepted as a priority objective which should be met both by reforming the national and the international orders and by the more automatic provision of additional financial support for the developing countries.
Concrete targets to meet basic needs can be set and implemented only in specific national situations.
A constructive approach
What can be done at the international level to support the adoption by the developing countries of a strategy that will provide for basic needs of the poor?
As a start, it may be useful to note what has not succeeded so far at the international level. Many United Nations conferences in recent years have attempted to set specific dates for meeting global targets in the fields of education, health, water supply, nutrition, and housing. Although this has certainly helped to create greater awareness of the magnitude and urgency of the particular problems, these global targets have had little operational significance. Concrete targets to meet basic needs can be set and implemented only in specific national situations. Moreover, the costs of individual global targets are generally assessed by totaling the costs of each sector analyzed in isolation. This leads to inflated aggregates which do not take the cost-reducing impact of sectoral linkages fully into account. Furthermore, these global targets are often not fitted into any consistent, overall development strategy for the developing world, so that they often do not make much sense when pursued at a national level. Further, the dates for their achievement are generally a matter of arbitrary choice.
In order to incorporate goals for meeting basic needs into an operational program, three distinct steps are necessary. First, all developing countries should formulate their own national development plans for meeting the basic needs of their population over a defined period of time. Naturally, the priority that each society gives to meeting basic needs and the time frame within which it plans to achieve this objective will vary widely, depending on its stage of economic development, resource base, and political and social compulsions. International targets should be derived as an aggregation of these national plans, and not as independent estimates.
|1980 (Preliminary)
|Average annual growth 1970-80
|In millions of 1980 dollars
|In per cent
|In millions of 1980 dollars
|In per cent
|In per cent
|Sectors of lending
|Sectors directly linked to increasing the productivity of the poor
|Production sectors
|"New style projects"2
|"Basic needs programs"3
|Other production sectors 4
Includes communications, energy, power, transportation, and tourism.
Includes rural development and small-scale industry projects where over 51 per cent of the total benefit is directed to poverty target groups.
Includes education, population, health, sites and services, and water supply.
Includes agriculture (excluding rural development), development finance companies, industry, technical assistance, and nonproject lending.
Includes communications, energy, power, transportation, and tourism.
Includes rural development and small-scale industry projects where over 51 per cent of the total benefit is directed to poverty target groups.
Includes education, population, health, sites and services, and water supply.
Includes agriculture (excluding rural development), development finance companies, industry, technical assistance, and nonproject lending.
Second, each national development plan should identify the range of national and international policies needed to assist in meeting the basic needs of their poor people according to the country's own specific timetable. The International Development Strategy for the 1980s, which is currently being formulated, should fully reflect these policy options. In particular, it should focus on those international actions which are vital for the success of these national plans—whether these are additional resource transfers or changes in the prevailing international trade and monetary system.
Third, the international community should commit itself to a much higher level of support for the efforts of the developing countries if absolute poverty is to be eliminated in a manageable period of time. In fact, a coherent international development strategy, based on the priorities of national development plans, can give specific content to the changes in the international environment which are needed to meet certain defined development objectives.
Issues for the World Bank
What are the implications of this discussion for the policies of the World Bank itself?
Over the past 12 years, the Bank has switched its sectoral priorities so that an increasing proportion of its lending is now committed to sectors directly contributing to the objective of poverty alleviation. The proportion of such projects and programs in the total lending program has risen from 8 per cent in fiscal year 1970 to 30 per cent by fiscal year 1980 (see table). Thus, over the last decade, resources devoted by the Bank to programs of increased productivity of the poor have increased about four times as fast as the Bank's overall rate of expansion. However, there is considerable scope for further adjustment within sectors. For example, only 14 per cent of the benefits from water and sanitation projects are believed to go to the absolute poor. The share of basic education in total Bank lending in the education sector at present is estimated at 25 per cent.
Greater emphasis on the objectives of alleviating poverty and meeting basic needs has some important implications for the lending procedures of the Bank, particularly for operating costs and sectoral lending. It is a characteristic of many projects and programs that are aimed at meeting basic needs that operating costs are high in relation to capital costs. Some financing of incremental operating costs is already being done by the Bank. In agricultural extension projects, for example, the Bank includes the salaries of extension workers in the costs of the projects. Practices have varied, however, among sectors; in education, for example, this type of operational financing has been limited.
The Bank has recently generalized this approach by making eligible for financing any incremental operating costs required for the implementation of education and training projects. Specifically, this includes financing of incremental costs of teachers' salaries and materials, which in many instances is a more effective way of expanding or improving education than an exclusive preoccupation with buildings and equipment. The financing of such incremental operating costs by the Bank will not extend beyond the implementation period of the project. The Bank will also satisfy itself that these incremental operating costs can be financed subsequently by the government concerned.
A greater Bank role in providing for basic needs also suggests some movement toward sector lending. Sector lending can be defined in general terms: it means that a donor provides a certain amount of resources for the implementation of a set of projects conceived within a satisfactory sector strategy. Sector lending, therefore, presupposes the existence of national institutions that are capable of implementing coherent sector strategies and of handling various aspects of project work. This condition has not often been met in the social sectors.
The Bank will adopt an explicit policy of creating and developing institutions in education, health, water supply, and so on, that can, over time, be relied upon to make good use of sector loans. At the same time, the Bank will expand its sector lending in the relevant sectors of education, nutrition, water supply, sanitation, and housing in those countries in which adequate institutional bases already exist.
Primarily a national decision
This discussion has concentrated on the international implications of adopting basic needs as the principal objective in national development plans. In the final analysis, however, the initiative for adopting such an objective rests entirely with the developing countries. The weight they give to this objective is their choice. The international community cannot be far ahead of the national governments. It can offer help. It can give the right signals in lending policies. But it can neither define nor dictate basic needs targets. It is a national decision, in the light of each country's own political and economic compulsions, the accumulating pressure of their absolute poverty, and the quiet footsteps of political revolutions that their governments hear in the dark distance. Without a national commitment to eliminating such poverty, no amount of international concern can succeed in providing for the basic needs of the world's poorest.


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The Supreme Court turned down the verdict on March 19 based on which the state-run lottery Tipos was to pay €14.1 million, the Sme daily reported in its March 25 issue.
The original verdict was issued eight years ago by the Bratislava Regional Court. Tipos was to pay the money for alleged illegal use of the names Športka, Šanca and Mates for its lotteries in the years 1996-2002. At the time the former Športka held a monopoly on these brands, the court claimed.Harabin trips up on Tipos caseRead more
The Supreme Court, however, opines it is not sure that Tipos used the brand names illegitimately. It returned the case back to the regional court which now has to reconsider not only the fine, but also whether the lottery could not use the brand names. If it finds that Tipos could use them, it will dismiss the complaint and Slovakia will not have to pay anything to Lemikon, Sme wrote.
The verdict in favour of Slovakia was issued by judges Zuzana Ďurišová, Ľubomíra Kúdelová, Anna Marková, Alena Priecelová and Jana Zemaníková, who unanimously agreed on it, the daily added.
The verdict was preceded by several gaffes made by other judges and also former president of the Supreme Court Štefan Harabin. Back in 2010 the court issued a different verdict, ordering the state lottery to pay the money to Cyprus. The Constitutional Court, however, turned it down, saying the judges had assessed the case superficially, as reported by Sme.
At the time, the case was judged by a five-member panel in which Harabin had exchanged three members. The Constitutional Court said these changes were illegal and purposive. The panel was chaired by Juraj Semana who back in 2010 attended the controversial party in the Bonanno bar in Rajecké Teplice, Sme wrote.
Meanwhile, Slovakia already sent €13.3 million to Lemikon in 2008. It was part of the out-of-court agreement between then finance minister Ján Počiatek (now serving as the transport minister) and the company. The country originally was to pay more than €63 million, but after revealing the case they did not send any more money. After the recent verdict, it can claim for returning the money, as reported by Sme.
Aside from €14.1 million, Lemikon is claiming an additional €50 million for Tipos' allegedly unauthorised use of know-how of the former Športka for evaluating and holding the lotteries. There is evidence that this part of the case is totally fabricated, according to the daily.
The Constitutional Court for example pointed to the fact that though Tipos had been using the know-how for years, it was paying for it, Sme wrote.
25. Mar 2015 at 13:14 | Compiled by Spectator staff


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Macclesfield College are teaming up with Age UK Cheshire this autumn to run a series of courses and help benefit the community.
The two-hour workshops will take place at Age UK Cheshire East's offices in Henderson Street, Macclesfield, aimed specifically at local older people.
Course content includes internet safety, in particular online shopping, internet banking and email scams, health and safety in the home and First Aid in the home.
The college has been successfully delivering courses in the community for several years and Stephanie Allan, Adult Education Administrator at Macclesfield College, has described the many benefits that these courses provide.
"They improve knowledge and skills, fill work related or personal skill gaps and help people keep up with the latest developments in IT," said Stephanie.
"Other benefits include helping people increase self-confidence, keep healthy, and meet social and community needs, as well as acting as a stepping stone to better prospects and choices."
One person who has benefitted from courses of this nature at Macclesfield College is Lizzy Trafford.
"During the course I had successfully secured an interview for an administrative position at an NHS hospital," said Lizzy.
"The feedback I received after the interview was very positive and it was the excellent preparatory work I was able to do at the workshops that helped me improve my confidence. In particular, my interview technique has developed and this confidence will no doubt continue to develop in my professional life."
Macclesfield College has also been praised by the organisation Reach Out And Recover (ROAR).
"Just wanted to say a big thank you on behalf of all at ROAR and how much we all enjoyed the work you did, thank you so much!" said a spokesperson.
If you would like to learn more about the Employability and Community Learning courses at Macclesfield College, visit their website: https://macclesfield.ac.uk/subjects/employability-and-community-learning/
And to see the upcoming Age UK courses, which are all on Tuesdays starting at 10am, visit: https://www.ageuk.org.uk/cheshireeast/activities-and-events/


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The Fayette County Sheriff's Office has partnered with the Federal Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and other government, community, public health, and other law enforcement partners to announce a nationwide prescription drug "Take Back" initiative that seeks to prevent increased pill abuse and theft.
The Fayette County Sheriff's Office will be collecting potentially dangerous expired, unused and unwanted prescription drugs for destruction on Saturday, October 24, 2020 from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. at the Fayette County Sheriff's Office located at 155 Johnson Avenue in Fayetteville. The service is free and anonymous. There are no questions or paperwork required. Participants in this initiative are simply asked to bring their unused or unwanted prescription drugs to this location where they can be destroyed.
No needles or biohazard materials will be accepted.


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Join the Shake Out!
In the mountain of email that was waiting for me upon my return to work after three weeks of holidays, there was an email about the The Great British Columbia Shake Out. What is a "Shake Out," you ask? Only the biggest earthquake drill in the history of Canada!
BC is a hot spot for potential earthquakes but, really, most of the people I know are not prepared. The only earthquake I've experienced since I've lived here was back in 2001 – it was a pretty minor one, but you could definitely feel it if you were sitting down at the time – and not a single person in the class I was in at the time had any idea what to do. "Are we supposed to go outside? Stay here?" After that, there were a few earthquake preparedness planning meetings, but then everyone promptly forget all about it.
Personally, I have a half-assed earthquake kit in my storage closet, which consists of an insufficient supply of bottled water and some energy bars that I've picked up as free samples at various half marathons that I've run. Plus a printed out list of the things that are supposed to be in an earthquake preparedness kit.
So I've decided to register for the Shake Out and use it as an opportunity to get off my butt and learn about what I really should be doing in the event that the Big One hits. At the very least, it will be an opportunity for my co-workers to ask me, "Why the hell are you hiding under your desk?
You too can register for the Shake Out and be part of the "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" action.


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Castilleja girls take risks. They join with their peers in tackling our challenging curriculum with boundless enthusiasm and curiosity. Students form strong bonds and together they nurture, support, and mentor each other to expand individual aspirations. Castilleja girls have the freedom and support to ask questions with abandon. They can explore fearlessly, confident in the guidance from our community and the strength of their connection to peers.
At Castilleja—and in the company of girls—every opportunity is hers to seize.
Our Mission is Clear
Castilleja School educates motivated young women to become confident thinkers and compassionate leaders with a sense of purpose to effect change in the world.
Our Values are Strong
Our work is guided by the principles we believe essential to effective participation in a global community.
The 5Cs
The pursuit of Castilleja's mission is supported by a commitment to our core values, the 5Cs:
Courage, Conscience, Courtesy, Charity, and Character
The 5Cs guide students towards ethical Character development. Courage is fostered and everyone is treated with Courtesy. Conscience propels us to do the right thing and Charity means making sacrifices to ensure that everyone shares the same rights and privileges. Each and every student, through her Castilleja education, is poised to live her life according to the 5Cs.
Diversity & Inclusion
Each member of the Castilleja community is responsible for fostering an equitable, respectful, and just community.
Together, we commit to learning from diverse voices and experiences, and we aspire to engage our differences with courage, honesty, intellectual curiosity and respect. We believe this commitment to diversity and inclusion is essential to developing compassionate leaders.
Gender Statement
Castilleja is a school for girls in grades 6-12. The pursuit of the motto "Women Learning, Women Leading" has led Castilleja to infuse its curriculum with a scaffold of relevant, hands-on, and real-world educational experiences, in order to educate young women to become the innovators and change agents who will tackle the complex challenges of tomorrow. The design of programs at the school is based upon research that addresses the educational needs of girls. These programs are therefore described using gendered language.
Members of the school community are expected to make every effort to honor the name and pronoun preference of each student and may choose to use non-gendered language when speaking to groups of students. Every student has the right to be addressed by a name and pronouns that correspond to the student's gender identity. Regardless of whether a transgender or gender nonconforming student has legally changed their name or gender, Castilleja will allow such students to use a chosen name and gender pronouns that reflect their identity.
Tuition assistance is offered to families who demonstrate financial need. Apply online.


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Wilson and Frenchy Organic Rib Legging - Deep Blue Stripe
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or make 4 interest free payments of $4.23 fortnightly with More info
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Wilson and Frenchy Spring Summer 2019 is online now
Daisy and Hen are the largest stockist of Wilson and Frenchy, stocking their entire range. You can buy Wilson and Frenchy here online or in our Adelaide Stores
Wilson and Frenchy Organic Rib Legging - Deep Blue Stripe
Deep blue stripe legging with soft elastic waistband, functional tie at front. Made from 95% organic cotton 5% elastane 2x2 rib, machine washable.


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Parco Alto Garda is located in Gargnano, a charming little resort at Lake Garda. A notable highlight of this park refers to the Park Museum (Museo del Parco) which tries to closely depict the fortunate synthesis between mountainside and lakeside, not only geographically, but also related to the way this synthesis has influenced the local culture, the traditions and the everyday life of the inhabitants.
For further information, use the indications provided below.


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Cape Dorset, Nunavut Territory, Canada
(1959- )
Pootoogook learned to carve from his master carver father, Lukta, and has been sculpting for many years. He also was a printmaker for eight of the Cape Dorset annual print collections and studied in the jewellery program at Nunavut Arctic College in Iqaluit. Pootoogook has exhibited widely and was included in the 1989 "Masters of the Arctic: An Exhibition of Contemporary Inuit Masterworks" that toured for many years.
© 2020 Spirit Wrestler Gallery. All Rights Reserved.


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Pastor Aubrey Miller
Aubrey Miller, the charismatic pastor of Faith Church at Oxmoor Valley, is a shepherd with a spiritual conviction, moral aptitude and old-fashioned wisdom to lead people back to God.
Pastor Aubrey received a Bachelor of Arts Degree from Samford University; a Master of Arts in Communication from The University of Alabama, he pursued theological study at Emory University, and he has served as lay pastor in churches in Birmingham, Vicksburg, Memphis and Houston before founding Faith Church. Pastor married his childhood sweetheart, the former Beverly Harris. The two met at Kiddie Land Park as children and they are as in love today as they were then.
Beverly is a lifetime educator and recently retired as a Principal in the Shelby County School System. Beverly was a visionary education leader, establishing the first Shelby County Pre-K program as well as launching the County's first "Leader in Me" school. Faith Church members rejoice in the fact that Bev is NOT your run of the mill First Lady – she is truly a "phenomenal woman."
In 1990, Pastor Aubrey planted Faith Church with 15 committed members. Today, the ministry continues to grow at a rate of "1 life at a time". Under his leadership, Faith has taken 2 giant leaps – from the campus of Birmingham Southern College and most recently from Ensley to Lakeshore Parkway in the historic Oxmoor valley.
As a development professional, Pastor Aubrey has served as President of the Baptist Health Foundation, Executive Director of the Alabama Chapter of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) and for the past three years has served as Senior VP and Chief Development Officer of the YMCA of Greater Birmingham. In 1995, Pastor Aubrey accepted an appointment to the Cabinet of Governor Fob James as Executive Director of Tourism and Travel and was later recruited by Southern Living Magazine as the publication's Director of Tourism and Travel. He presently channels his civic and business energies into his role as President of the Shelby County Board of Education and as a member of the Board of Directors of First US Bank.
When asked how he finds the time for so many endeavors he responds by saying, "ministry is life…every endeavor in life is just another opportunity to live out the Gospel".
Pastor and Beverly have two grown daughters. Amy and her husband Will, now make their home in Atlanta and they have three toddlers, Boyde, Brooks and Bennett. Alison and her husband, Evan Blackwell, currently reside in Los Angeles.


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2019-01-18 - By Christopher St Cavish
The jazz subversive on his 14-year music career in Shanghai.
Read more...
2016-10-18 - By Morgan Short
"JZ comes home." Here's a look inside Shanghai jazz mainstay JZ Club's new venue in the Da Tong Mill.
Read more...
2016-10-10 - By Morgan Short
All the jazz and details you need to know ahead of this weekend's 2016 JZ Fest. Annnnnd... JAZZ HANDS!
Read more...
2016-08-18 - By Raul Bernardi
Death and rebirth on Julu Lu -- the Da Tong Mill rises from the grave.
Read more...
2016-05-19 - By SmSh
New venues in, old venues out. Sadly, we have quite a few more restaurants and bars to add to our Closed Venues list .
As we predicted three weeks ago , Wuyuan Lu restaurant Read more...
2016-05-10 - By Ian L.
Friends, this is a sad one. After twelve years in the game, the quintessential Shanghai jazz club JZ is saying goodnight this Saturday. They've gotta move . Lord knows where, but it probably won't have...
Read more...
2016-05-04 - By Ian L.
Knowledge gems gleaned from the spectacles of Strawberry Festival, Boiler Room, JZ Spring, and more.
Read more...
2016-04-25 - By SmSh
Guess maybe JZ Club needs a new location. Their show with LMT connection on Saturday was so packed that even the staircase was full. Seriously hazardous. Had to evacuate on out of there. Man, if I ended up dying in a jazz club I'd never be able to live with myself.
The iconic club is Read more...
2016-04-11 - By Sacco
Welcome, welcome, live music aficionados, to the weekly listings article on what's good for bands and stuff on Shanghai stages this week. Looks like we're in for some legacy symphonic Finish metal, some Beijing-based constructionist electronica (Did I just make that up?), and some good ole fashion vinyl appreciation.
The best kind of appreciation. Besides maybe... stock...
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2016-04-06 - By SmSh
'Tis the season in Shanghai. Streets of rage and lukewarm Snow beer...
Read more...
2015-03-26 - By Ian L.
A round-up of places that don't play tech house. Here's some clubs that play jazz, funk, blues, and other real music most nights of the week.
Read more...
SmartShanghai.com is an independent media publication dedicated to honesty and editorial transparency. We are for Shanghai residents,
written by a team of long-term, opinionated and knowledgeable writers and editors. We never give an opinion or recommendation that we
wouldn't also share with our own friends and family.
All material is copyright of SmartShanghai.com
Made in Shanghai since 2003.


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Affiliated to CCS University Meerut, Recognised by UGC under section 2(f), Approved by NCTE, New Delhi.
The Institute conducts seminars and conferences on current topics of interest. Exchange of visits has been programmed by the Institute. There is a board headed by the Director looking after such activities. Inter-classes seminars on the topics relevant to their course curriculum as well as for the enhancement of their personality are frequently organized. A calendar of such activities is scheduled per semester. These activities are held every week on Saturdays. By this participatory method of learning through presentation the students on one hand develop confidence to express themselves without any hesitation and at the same time develop in depth knowledge on the topic.
Knowledge alone does not help in securing success. The students must have the capacity to articulate and present their view point effectively. Therefore, we have taken a series of measures for the personality development of our students. By ensuring the compulsory attendance of each student in this programme, we aim at equipping the students with requisite skills so that our students are ready to take on their adversaries in the market with loads of confidence.
At Mewar classroom teaching of theory is blended with detailed analysis of case studies.
The thrust is on sharing of experience with a par group to experiment with new approaches, ideas and new perspectives.
Students are given regular assignments both individually and in groups in order to make the students comprehend and understand theoretical concepts as well imbibe the practice of working in teams.
These assignments relate to real world organizations so that there is a continuous development of expertise in application of their knowledge.
In order to equip the students with the requisite analytical skill and develop him/her as potential researchers, each student is assigned a project work of his/her choice in the topic of his/her specialization pertaining to his/her subject. The project work completed by the student enhances his/her level of thinking. The student acquires capability to articulate and get a thorough knowledge of the topic investigated/researched by him/her. In addition to the research work a host of conferences/seminars/workshops/guest lectures and interface with academicians, captains of industries, professionals and social workers is organized to make the students familiar with the various aspects of knowledge. In these academic events the students get opportunities to interact with experts and academicians of national and international repute.
The Institute provides a platform for the students to express themselves boldly through Indivisual Presentations.The course curriculum has been so devised into 5 units that every student gives presentation on each subject. After the completion of the unit, the presentation takes place and the selected student gives presentation with students of different years of the same course. After short listing students for a particular course, they again present together with students of other courses and are given different positions on the basis of their final presentation.
First sessional examination starts after the 60 percent completion of the syllabus and after 100 percent completion Pre- University examinations are conducted.
We have designed our system in such a manner that each student will have to give 5 assignments in one semester and has to give 5 assignments in all the semesters respectively.
The Institute arranges Industrial visits to business and industrial establishments so that students could gain hands-on knowledge/experience for their functioning. There is a board headed by the Assistant Director looking after such activities. Students of different disciplines are sent to respective departments of Industry.


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4G63 Engine Manual
Evo 8 MR Wiring Diagrams
Evo 8 MR Workshop Manuals
Evo 9 Workshop Manuals
Evo 10 Workshop Manuals
Discussion Forum
Evos For Sale
Evo Parts For Sale
Evo 4-10 Workshop Manuals
Evo 4-8 Technical Info Manuals
Model Comparison
Evolution Owners Guide
Evo Running Cost Calculator
Now firmly established as the Number 1 Japanese Car show in the South West, JDM Combe returns to Castle Combe Circuit on Saturday 1st June. Always a very popular show with the MLR, the stand is now booked and Members can book direct with the venue for their tickets. Stand space is limited so book now!!
The custom made grille badges and suitable for all Evo models: GSR, RS, GT, MR etc. They are all handmade and can be ordered through Evo Shop now!
TurboTom's EVO 6 RS2
2001 Scotia White EVO 6 RS2
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12651 S Dixie Hwy, Suite 309, Pinecrest - Miami, FL 33156
Phone: (305) 440-4773
Text: (305) 519-7292
e-mail: [email protected]
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We are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week on our website, by phone, e-mail, text or chat. You can place your order or request a quote anytime.
You can also come personally to our office during regular business hours, Mondays through Fridays from 9 am to 6 pm.
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How Forces and Gravity Work Together
Here are a few examples from high school physics.
The "free body diagram" is a way engineers use to determine the forces on each component, when designing things. Knowing the forces, they can then design each component, to make sure each component is strong enough to withstand the forces applied to it.
Here the free body diagrams are to help the student understand how forces are distributed under the influence of gravity.