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Supplementary Materials
Exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells contain a microRNA that promotes dormancy in metastatic breast cancer cells
Makiko Ono, Nobuyoshi Kosaka, Naoomi Tominaga, Yusuke Yoshioka, Fumitaka Takeshita, Ryou-u Takahashi, Masayuki Yoshida, Hitoshi Tsuda, Kenji Tamura, Takahiro Ochiya*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
This PDF file includes:
- Fig. S1. Establishment of a line of breast cancer cells that metastasized to bone marrow.
- Fig. S2. Gene expression array in BM2 and parental cells.
- Fig. S3. Surface marker profiles of BM-MSCs from human donors.
- Fig. S4. Flow cytometric analysis of PKH26 labeling in BM2 cultures.
- Fig. S5. CD44 expression and surface abundance on sorted CD44+ and CD44− cells.
- Fig. S6. Gene expression array in CD44+ or CD44− BM2 cells.
- Fig. S7. Characterization of BM-MSC–derived exosomes.
- Fig. S8. Images of BM2 cells cocultured with SYTO64-labeled BM-MSCs.
- Fig. S9. Images of BM2 cells cocultured with PKH26-labeled exosomes.
- Fig. S10. Flow cytometry of BM2 cells cultured with BM-MSC–derived exosomes.
- Fig. S11. Proliferation and invasive behavior of BM2 cells cultured with BM-MSC–derived exosomes.
- Fig. S12. Expression of miR-23b in exosomes derived from BM-MSCs or fibroblasts.
- Fig. S13. Overexpression of miR-23b in BM2 cells.
- Fig. S14. Proliferation and invasive behavior of BM2 cells overexpressing miR-23b.
- Fig. S15. Effect of exosomes on miR-23b and MARCKS expression in BM2 cells.
- Fig. S16. Knockdown of MARCKS in BM2 cells.
- Fig. S17. Proliferation and invasive behavior in MARCKS-deficient BM2 cells.
- Table S1. Donor information for BM-MSCs.
- Table S2. miRNAs that were increased in BM-MSC exosomes.
- Table S3. Predicted miR-23b target genes.
- Legend for table S4
Technical Details
Format: Adobe Acrobat PDF
Size: 4.65 MB
Other Supplementary Material for this manuscript includes the following:
- Table S4 (Microsoft Excel format). Expression analysis in BM2 cells.
Citation: M. Ono, N. Kosaka, N. Tominaga, Y. Yoshioka, F. Takeshita, R.-u Takahashi, M. Yoshida, H. Tsuda, K. Tamura, T. Ochiya, Exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells contain a microRNA that promotes dormancy in metastatic breast cancer cells. Sci. Signal. 7, ra63 (2014).


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The U.S Department of Energy (DOE) is announcing exploration of blockchain technology for safeguarding power plants from cyber attacks.
The project aims to use blockchain to secure energy grid supply chain against cybercriminals. DOE's National Technology Laboratory is conducting this work in collaboration with Colorado-based security firm Taekion. It is currently entering its second phase of development.
DOE Blockchain Electrical Grid Security
The national power grid heavily relies on computers to improve efficiency and reduce costs. However, this makes the grid vulnerable to cyber attacks. Therefore, a large scale power grid attack could disrupt energy production and supply across the country, as evidenced by what Ukraine experienced in 2016.
In its effort, the U.S Department of Energy will provide $1 million in research funding, and will seek to secure energy supply chain by decentralizing data. In addition, not only will this enable the DOE to continuously capture up-to-date data on the immutable blockchain, but it will also allow the department to track the status of the grid in real-time. If successful, the project will help safeguard the national grid against cyber attacks that could potentially disrupt the energy sector.
The press release noted:
"Accurate information on the status of power plant operations is critical for electric grid security. For example, one method of cyberattack involves compromising a system so that it appears operational when it has actually been shut down by the hackers, leaving millions without power […] The applications being developed in the NETL-managed project have the potential to thwart such attacks by preventing hackers from altering the plant's operational information."
Future Developments
Blockchain technology, when applied to cybersecurity, provides the best mechanism for critical infrastructure protection.
Recently, the DOE is funding $4.8 million for university research and development projects related to blockchain technology.
The decentralized nature of the technology makes it highly resilient to hacking attacks. Therefore, it can effectively deter bad actors from attacking essential systems like the national energy grid. It is, therefore, sensible that the DOE is exploring this disruptive technology to protect the electric grid.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Real News Network has this interview Nina Turner on Her New Role As President of Our Revolution.
Nina Turner and Paul Jay discuss the fight against corporate democrats from the struggle for single payer in California to electing progressives countrywide, and take viewer questions live on air
I have a lot of hope for Nina Turner's leadership of "Our Revolution". I like the way she speaks so forthrightly about the issues. I agree with her specific take on the Russian issue. It is not that we don't need to know the facts, but the problem is having already come to the decisions on what punishments to impose before we have the slightest clue as to the facts.
I can understand that the focus of her organization is on domestic issues that impact the American people. However issues of trade and war are frequently not thought of as domestic issues, but they still have a major impact on the residents of this country. I hope that "Our Revolution" as an organization will act like they fully understand the tight connection with these issues and life in these United States.


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Activate Musiz flag bearer Rich Man decided to change from worldly music to Gospel music, he unleashed his recent gospel tune letting his fans and music lovers know how ready he's for the gospel arena. He titled this song as Na Your, A well composed and inspirational tune.
Listen below and share!
Download "| AUDIO" Rich-Man-Na-You-Prod.-Mr.-Valemo.mp3 – Downloaded 3820 times – 7 MB


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When my wife Ashlee and I moved into an intentional community, we thought we were pretty bad ass (or at least I did, I she's much more humble and grounded than I am). It felt so original and new – like we had finally figured it out – finally stumbled upon the key to a way of living that no one had ever discovered before. And we (again, probably just me) were very proud of ourselves for being able to uncover what living well looks like!
Of course, it turns out, Christians have been living together in community for a long, long time. As long as there have been Christians at all. And from the way Christian community is written about in the book of Acts (the first community), people seemed to be pretty serious about it! (Acts says they shared ALL their possessions?! That's pretty serious stuff…does that include toothbrushes and underwear too?)
The longer I'm here the more I realize just how little we figure out ourselves. The more I find value in listening to the spiritual insights of those who have lived before me. The more interested I become in finding ways to live into the rich spiritual practices of the past in an on-going and continuing experiment about what it looks like to be an individual following Christ with a community.
During this Lenten season, Sunset Hill (that's the name of our group of communal hillbillies), has decided to do a Fish Fry every Friday. It's open to the immediate community, as well as all of our friends. At first glance it doesn't seem like much – just some friends frying up tilapia on a Friday night, playing board games and sharing stories and a short devotional…but I believe there's more going on here then that, or if there's not more going on, then maybe those actions are more significant than we give them credit for.
How we organize and plan our time tells us what we value, where our loyalties lie, and who we are deep down inside. The Christian calendar has always been a way of reminding us that it is God who organizes time, and it is ultimately God's story that we are called live into and to tell with our lives. Every Sunday Christians gather together in corporate worship to affirm that God shapes our time and our lives. Regular individual spiritual disciplines like prayer, fasting, reading the bible are all ways we organize our time to try and put God at the center of the rhythm of life. It is up to each community to discern what rhythms comprise a healthy devoted life. But for us, that is what is at the heart of something as simple as a Friday fish fry – yet another way for a community to let God shape the rhythms and timing of our lives, another way to live into the season of Advent together as a community and prepare and wait for the coming celebration of Easter. We gather together and break bread and share stories – with the understanding that we are attempting to share in the larger story of who God is – a reconciling God that is passionately and loving bringing all things into healthy relationship with Himself and each other.


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Lawrence school board agrees to support city raising age to buy tobacco
photo by: Nick Krug
The Lawrence school board agreed Monday to support a measure that would raise the age to purchase tobacco products in the city from 18 to 21.
Vicki Collie-Akers, chair of the LiveWell Douglas County Tobacco 21 work group and associate director of health promotion research at the University of Kansas, asked the board to support the Lawrence City Commission enacting the Tobacco 21 Initiative. The commission will consider the initiative on Oct. 9, she said.
In the United States, 300 municipalities — 21 in Kansas — have enacted similar laws, Collie-Akers said.
"We feel it would be a benefit to have a signed letter to the City Commission from the largest youth organization in the city with firsthand experience with the problem," she said.
Denise Johnson, district assistant director of health and research, said passage of the initiative in Lawrence would help end the practice of friends from 18 to 21 years of age buying tobacco products for younger students. There would be less likelihood that high school students would have access to tobacco products if that "social supply chain" was ended, she said.
The measure also raises to 21 the age of buying electronic cigarettes or vaping products because the liquids smoked through the devices contain nicotine, Collie-Akers said.
Free State High School senior Ruth Gathunguri, who is a member of Boys & Girls Club anti-smoking Resist team, said many of the students at her high school were vaping. It was not unusual to see students vaping in restrooms, hallways or parking lots, she said.
Collie-Akers said the only legal challenge to the 300 Tobacco 21 initiatives that have passed was in Topeka. That city's ordinance was overturned in court. She said she predicts that the Kansas Supreme Court would rule that cities had the home rule authority to raise the age to purchase tobacco products.
After the board reached consensus agreement to support the initiative, Board President Jessica Beeson said she would draft a letter advocating for the age change before the City Commission's Oct. 9 meeting.
Collie-Akers and Gathunguri said they would attend Wednesday's Douglas County Commission meeting to request the county enact the Tobacco 21 initiative in the unincorporated areas of the county.
In other business, the status of the district's negotiations with the teachers union wasn't on the board's agenda Monday, but it was on the minds of the audience and board members. Earlier this month, negotiations between the district and Lawrence Education Association broke down with the district announcing its intention to seek U.S. Department of Labor mediation to resolve differences. The union is asking for a $2,200 increase in base pay, and the district is offering a $500 increase.
Leslie Downing, kindergarten teacher at Langston Hughes Elementary, and district parents Connie Grimes and Amy Phalen addressed the board, asking the board to make compensating teachers and paraprofessionals a priority. Downing said teachers made their jobs of educating district students a priority by spending their own money on classroom supplies and in working more than their required eight-hour days to plan and prepare for classroom instruction.
Beeson and board members G.R. Gordon-Ross and Shannon Kimball responded to email allegations they received, stating that the board was putting large amounts of money in savings rather than provide a larger raise to teachers. The board decided to spend $1.4 million from its contingency reserve in 2018-2019 rather than the $2.8 million spent the previous year, Ross said. The board did not have a choice because continued spending at last year's rate would have exhausted the contingency fund, he said.
Kimball said the district spent down what was a healthy contingency reserve the past five years because some in the Kansas Legislature were threatening to sweep all such savings from local districts.
Editor's note: A previous version of this story misidentified Amy Phalen.


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"If you consciously let your body take care of you, it will become your greatest ally and trusted partner."
Deepak Chopra
Meet Amy
Wellness cultivator, yogini, holistic nutritionist, creative baker, kombucha brewer, mother, wife, lover of real clean food, & hot springs enthusiast.
What is holistic nourishment coaching?
Holistic nourishment coaching approaches food as a healing modality, and invites you to take a closer look not just at what you eat, but how you relate to food. Through sessions we explore your habits around food and how you feed yourself. Often times we have health goals driving our need to eat differently, and yet, we also have a need for our food and eating behavior to be fulfilling on an emotional and mental level. In working together we strive to find ways to balance these needs so that food is nourishing to the body, mind, and spirit.


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HistoryPoints News
Oct 29, 2017
Welfare down the pub in Dolgellau
In 1802, long before the advent of the state pension and sickness benefits, the Golden Goat pub in Dolgellau became home to a friendly society whose members received financial ...
Category: General
Posted by: RhodriC
help when they needed it. By 1873 the Golden Goat Friendly Society had c.£900 of funds. The pub closed in 1904 but the building, which dates from the 18th century or earlier, was later incorporated into the larger Torrent Walk Hotel, formerly the Skinners Arms. For more about the history of both hostelries, scan the HistoryPoints QR codes beside either of the Torrent Walk Hotel's entrances. Or click here


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03 Apr
We are proud to announce that a new podcast is coming to PureDriven soon! Our Marketing Coordinator, Steve Rockwood, has teamed up with the CEO of PureDriven, Christopher Swanson, to deliver a podcast targeted at telling the stories of franchisees and franchisors. The podcast will be named, "The Franchise Success Stories Podcast", and it will put franchise owners at the forefront of each episode. Christopher and...Read More


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Here & Now
Support the news
A Look Back On Ellen DeGeneres's Career09:14Play
This year, Ellen DeGeneres has been tapped to host the Academy Awards.
As she busily writes her final Oscars jokes and practices her musical numbers, NPR Arts Correspondent Lynn Neary takes a look back at her career and how she shaped the conversation around coming out.
This piece originally aired in March 2013.
- Lynn Neary, arts correspondent for NPR.
This segment aired on February 28, 2014.
Support the news
Support the news


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Tourism in Egypt Soars to New Heightscairo egypt England Giza Mohamed Tharwat Pyramids Saudi Arabia Sightseeing This Is Egypt Tourism travel UK United Kingdom VisitEgypt
Cairo 360
Something about the Pharaohs being kings must have garnered the attention of world travelers, as tourism in Egypt sees a significant improvement, through visitors from the UK and Saudi Arabia.
Former President of the Arab Tourism Division in the Tourist Agency Committee, Mohamed Tharwat, stated that there has been a 30% increase in Saudi Arabian tourists coming to Egypt in 2018 when compared to 2017. Last year, Egypt received 2.9 million tourists, with 600 thousand of them being from Saudi Arabia, while this year has witnessed 800 thousand Saudi Arabian visitors. Such an increase can be attributed to the great efforts that tourism companies have exerted in order to facilitate the visits with excellent tourism programs for the visitors.
The Independent also states that the Thomas Cook Holiday Report 2018 highlights the impressive increase of British holiday-makers traveling to Egypt. In 2015, there was a huge drop in tourist numbers due to the tragic crash of an aircraft headed to St. Petersburgh just after taking off from Sharm El-Sheikh. Thomas Cook reports that it has sold 89% more holidays to Egypt this year compared to 2017. British summer-seekers flocking to the Red Sea are getting close to 2015 numbers.
This spells good news for all tourism agencies as well as tourism-related companies, and indeed, to all Egyptians.


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- Sourdough by Robin Sloan
- The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldt's New World by Andrea Wulf
- The Book Thief by Markus Zusak
- Savvy by Ingrid Law
- Hello Lighthouse by Sophie Blackall
From Robin Sloan, the New York Times bestselling author of Mr. Penumbra's 24-Hour Bookstore, comes Sourdough, "a perfect parable for our times" (San Francisco Magazine): a delicious and funny novel about an overworked and under-socialized software engineer discovering a calling and a community as a baker.
Named One of the Best Books of the Year by NPR, the San Francisco Chronicle, and Southern Living
Lois Clary is a software engineer at General Dexterity, a San Francisco robotics company with world-changing ambitions. She codes all day and collapses at night, her human contact limited to the two brothers who run the neighborhood hole-in-the-wall from which she orders dinner every evening. Then, disaster! Visa issues. The brothers quickly close up shop. But they have one last delivery for Lois: their culture, the sourdough starter used to bake their bread. She must keep it alive, they tell her—feed it daily, play it music, and learn to bake with it.
Lois is no baker, but she could use a roommate, even if it is a needy colony of microorganisms. Soon, not only is she eating her own homemade bread, she's providing loaves to the General Dexterity cafeteria every day. Then the company chef urges her to take her product to the farmer's market—and a whole new world opens up.
The acclaimed author of Founding Gardeners reveals the forgotten life of Alexander von Humboldt, the visionary German naturalist whose ideas changed the way we see the natural world—and in the process created modern environmentalism.
One of the New York Times 10 Best Books of the Year
Winner of the Los Angeles Times Book Prize, The James Wright Award for Nature Writing, the Costa Biography Award, the Royal Geographic Society's Ness Award, the Sigurd F. Olson Nature Writing Award
Finalist for the Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Nonfiction, the Royal Society Science Book Prize, the Kirkus Prize Prize for Nonfiction, the Independent Bookshop Week Book Award
A Best Book of the Year: The New York Times, The Atlantic, The Economist, Nature, Jezebel, Kirkus Reviews, Publishers Weekly, New Scientist, The Independent, The Telegraph, The Sunday Times, The Evening Standard, The Spectator
Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) was the most famous scientist of his age, a visionary German naturalist and polymath whose discoveries forever changed the way we understand the natural world. Among his most revolutionary ideas was a radical conception of nature as a complex and interconnected global force that does not exist for the use of humankind alone. In North America, Humboldt's name still graces towns, counties, parks, bays, lakes, mountains, and a river. And yet the man has been all but forgotten.
In this illuminating biography, Andrea Wulf brings Humboldt's extraordinary life back into focus: his prediction of human-induced climate change; his daring expeditions to the highest peaks of South America and to the anthrax-infected steppes of Siberia; his relationships with iconic figures, including Simón Bolívar and Thomas Jefferson; and the lasting influence of his writings on Darwin, Wordsworth, Goethe, Muir, Thoreau, and many others. Brilliantly researched and stunningly written, The Invention of Nature reveals the myriad ways in which Humboldt's ideas form the foundation of modern environmentalism—and reminds us why they are as prescient and vital as ever.
The extraordinary #1 New York Times bestseller that is now a major motion picture, Markus Zusak's unforgettable story is about the ability of books to feed the soul.
Nominated as one of America's best-loved novels by PBS's The Great American Read.
When Death has a story to tell, you listen.
It is 1939. Nazi Germany. The country is holding its breath. Death has never been busier, and will become busier still.
Liesel Meminger is a foster girl living outside of Munich, who scratches out a meager existence for herself by stealing when she encounters something she can't resist–books. With the help of her accordion-playing foster father, she learns to read and shares her stolen books with her neighbors during bombing raids as well as with the Jewish man hidden in her basement.
In superbly crafted writing that burns with intensity, award-winning author Markus Zusak, author of I Am the Messenger, has given us one of the most enduring stories of our time.
"The kind of book that can be life-changing." —The New York Times
"Deserves a place on the same shelf with The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank." —USA Today
A Newbery Honor Book
Thirteen is when a Beaumont's savvy hits—and with one brother who causes hurricanes and another who creates electricity, Mibs Beaumont is eager to see what she gets. But just before the big day, Poppa is in a terrible accident. And now all Mibs wants is a savvy that will save him. In fact, Mibs is so sure she'll get a powerful savvy that she sneaks a ride to the hospital on a rickety bus with her sibling and the preacher's kids in tow. After this extraordinary adventure—full of talking tattoos and a kidnapping—not a soul on board will ever be the same.
Winner of the 2019 Caldecott Medal
p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 13.0px Times; color: #333333} span.s1 {font-kerning: none} A beloved picture book from two-time Caldecott Medal award-winner Sophie Blackall that transports readers to the seaside in timeless, nautical splendor!
Watch the days and seasons pass as the wind blows, the fog rolls in, and icebergs drift by. Outside, there is water all around. Inside, the daily life of a lighthouse keeper and his family unfolds as the keeper boils water for tea, lights the lamp's wick, and writes every detail in his logbook.Step back in time and through the door of this iconic lighthouse into a cozy dollhouse-like interior with the extraordinary award-winning artist Sophie Blackall.


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June 5, 2017
The Heritage Inn
"There is no document of civilization which is not at the same time a document of barbarism..."
- Walter Benjamin
Walter Benjamin's view might be overly pessimistic, but if he's even partially correct then that leads to an important corollary to his statement: that the ones who are the source of barbarism will never want it documented and will try to prevent others from doing so.
I experienced this recently. It was very benign compared to what many photographers experience while...
November 1, 2016
Wolf Totem
"The sea, once it casts its spell, holds one in its net of wonder forever."
- Jacques Yves Cousteau
It's some time in September, although I've lost track of the days. But it's September and I'm in Northern British Columbia and being dry is a distant memory as I lay in a field surrounded by tall grass, hiding from this enormous grizzly bear less than 30 metres away from me.
I've never seen a grizzly in the wild before, and I should probably be a little intimidated. But it's hard to b...


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Two Python scripts for Blender here that may be of interest.
Drop To GroundThis Python script for Blender 2.31-2.32 is useful for making objects in a scene rest on a ground mesh. To use it, you name your ground mesh "Ground", select the items you wish to drop onto it, put your cursor over the script window and hit alt-P. Note that your ground mesh must not be scaled or rotated, so if you have done so, be sure to press Ctrl-A to apply scaling and rotations before using the script.
Drop2Ground.blend Sample .blend file with script embedded
Follow TerrainThis Python script for Blender 2.31-2.32 is a branch of the Drop to Ground script. It allows you to link the script to a Blender object via a Redraw object script link, which then lets you move the object in realtime while it stays glued to the surface of your ground mesh. It works for animation, as well as when linking objects to paths. The same rules for the ground object apply as for Drop to Ground.
FollowTerrain.blend Sample .blend file with script embedded
FollowTerrainPath.blend Version that allows Path-parented objects


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In the HERE platform, the base URL for a REST API is unique for each HERE Resource Name (HRN) served by the API. This means that instead of having static base URLs for each API, the HERE platform generates a unique base URL for each API for every HRN. For example, the base URL for the
publish API for catalog A is different from the base URL for the
publish API for catalog B.
Why Use
Use the
api-lookup service to get the base URLs for REST APIs. This service can return all platform-level APIs, or all APIs for a given HRN, or information about specific APIs. For each API returned by the service, the following information is provided:
- The API name
- The API version
- The base URL
- Any parameters that the API accepts
Once you have the base URLs you can cache them and use them repeatedly. You do not need to perform an API lookup each time you make a request to an API.


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Shopping Cart
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Length: Size small measures 19" from shoulder to hem.
Bust: Great for any cup size.
Waist: Loosely Fitted.
Undergarments: May be worn with petals, or no bra.
Fabric: Fabric has no stretch.
Boho Top - Blush Pink Top - Embroidered Top - Crop Top AClYdvn5


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Privately Visiting Nonah Reeves
I had the honor to be invited to one of the most hidden spots in SL, the place where Nonah Reeves enjoys to be on her own and relax in her garden or at her beach. It revealed a sweet secret: SLs celebrated sweetheart turns into a country girl before and after her glamorous shows. I wasn't allowed to take pictures from the inside although I can assure you, that there wasn't a single compromising picture or drawing anywhere there, even the bed could only be classified [M] at the max, if you know what I mean.
But privacy really matters to her. And privacy can be found widely around her property. The area is separated from the rest of the world by a huge and bewildered forest, with runlets and remote clearings, ground mist and heavy rains. Even the deers look concerned to see people to finally make it to her cottage. Surrounded by grazing sheeps and her horse, Nonah welcomed me in her known friendly manner. While the meadows are rather green all around her place, she herself calls a neat colorful garden her own. It is there where we sat a while and talked about her new projects in SL and in RL. I still wonder why a talented and reputated singer in RL takes the challenge to sing in SL. But that's how she is.
We talked about her life in SL, her biggest disappointments and those sweet memories we all have in SL. And for a lucky moment, I had nothing more and nothing less than an enchanting woman putting her spell on me. I learned from my experience with my Bento head, that many things are possible, but no gadget can invoke the picture of dimples on a lovely face like Nonah does, when she finally comes out of her shell. She asked me for my opinion about a new song she was trying, and gave me a glimpse of it. My opinion was, she looked wonderful, she smelled wonderful, she had the nicest dimples one can imagine and she moves like a fairy. What can I say …
I invited her for the evening, and fortunately for me, a good friend gave me a hint where to go to that night. It revealed to be a Dreama Summerwind concert, where we danced the night away and ended up dancing alone for a long, long time. Until SL reminded midst our togetherness, and close before we parted, that I can finally be seen by all people.


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Simon Osborne describes a number of new regulations which make some important changes to the universal credit (UC) rules.
Work allowances
From 11 April 2016, the rules on UC work allowances are changed – to 'simplify' them, according to the official description, but in reality also to make them far less generous in a number of cases. There is no transitional protection. The result is a reduction in what is, in effect, the UC earnings disregard: once earnings exceed the work allowance, UC entitlement is reduced by 65 per cent of the excess.
The rules are amended in two ways. Firstly, the claimant groups who may get any work allowance at all are reduced so as to restrict eligibility to those who are responsible for a child (including a 'qualifying young person') and those who have limited capability for work. If a claimant(s) does not satisfy one or both of those conditions, s/he will not be eligible for a work allowance at all.
Secondly, the levels of the work allowances themselves are considerably reduced in some cases. From 11 April, they will be set at £192 per month for those with the housing element included in their UC, and £397 per month for those without a housing element included. By way of comparison, the current lower work allowance (for those with the housing element included) is, for example, £111 per month for claimants without a child, but as much as £263 per month for a single person with children; and the higher work allowance (for those without a housing element included) is currently £111 per month for claimants without a child, but as much as £734 per month for a single person with children.
The changes are made by amendment regulations.1 The Explanatory Memorandum to those says that they are to meet 'certain commitments made by the Government in the 2015 Summer Budget', by 'simplifying' the range of work allowances. No explanation is given for the reduction in levels, but (no doubt mindful of the severe reduction in UC for some in work) it is stated that 'work incentives within Universal Credit will continue to be provided through the single taper rate which ensures that Universal Credit reduces gradually as a claimant's earnings increase.'
More in the 'lobster pot'
Under what is widely referred to as the 'lobster pot' principle, claimants who become entitled to UC generally remain so, even though a later change of circumstance (eg, becoming ill and having limited capability for work) means that they would no longer satisfy the 'gateway' conditions for making a claim in the first place.
However, claimants who instead actually stop being entitled to UC may, depending on exactly what has changed, not be included in the 'lobster pot', and may instead be entitled to the so-called 'legacy' means-tested benefits that UC replaces.
From 16 November 2015, rule changes ensure that claimants who stop being entitled to UC due to excess earnings, and are within the six-month 're-award' period in which they can resume entitlement without actually having to reclaim UC, cannot claim 'legacy' benefits.2 As rules already excluded them from claiming income-based jobseeker's allowance or income-related employment and support allowance in this situation, the amendments specifically stop them from being able to claim income support, housing benefit or tax credits.
In short, claimants who lose entitlement to UC because of excess earnings are in effect in the 'lobster pot' for at least six months. The restriction on claiming legacy benefits during the six-month 're-award' period also applies where UC has been claimed but is not entitled due to excess earnings. The changes do not apply in the UC 'digital service area'.
Passporting to health benefits
UC's role as a 'passport' to various other entitlements is evidently still undergoing consideration but, in England at least, change has begun. There, from 1 November 2015, it is no longer the case that UC entitlement is a passport to exemption from NHS costs (including prescriptions, dental care and travel costs) in all cases. Instead, an earnings threshold applies so that to qualify for exemption, the UC claimant must have monthly earnings below a certain level.3
Those who do not have children and are not entitled to a limited capability for work (LCW) or limited capability for work-related activity (LCWRA) element will be exempt if they have monthly earnings of £435 or less; those who have children or an LCW or LCWRA element will be exempt if they have monthly earnings of £935 or less. Transitional protection applies in cases where the cost arose before 1 November and a claim under the former arrangements was not made before that date. The Explanatory Memorandum to the amendments says that although the lower and higher thresholds have been set by comparison with, respectively, entitlement based on means-tested benefits and tax credits in mind, it is expected that once UC is fully rolled out, there will be around 604,000 people gaining entitlement to exemption and 596,000 losing entitlement.
Help with NHS costs under the low-income scheme remains possible.
Carers, childcare and others
Various changes are made under a set of miscellaneous amendments.4 From 5 November, where a carer gets carer's allowance (CA), a different carer is not entitled to the carer element of UC in respect of the same disabled person – the carers may choose whether it is CA or the carer element that is paid. Also, where a carer gets the carer element as part of her/his UC, the disabled person cannot get a severe disability premium included as part of her/his means-tested benefit. (It should be noted that currently carers are, in any case, currently excluded from the gateway conditions for making an initial claim for UC, and these amendments do not change that.)
From 11 April 2016, as expected, the maximum support in UC for childcare costs is increased to 85 per cent of eligible costs (up from 70 per cent), up to a maximum of £646.35 per month for one child and £1,108.04 for two or more children.
Among various other changes, in rules regarding work-related requirements, sanctions and recoverability of hardship payments, weekly earnings are to be converted to monthly earnings, so as to bring the rules into line with those providing for monthly assessments and awards of UC.
Please be aware that welfare rights law and guidance change frequently. Older Bulletin articles may be out of date. Use keywords or the search function to find more recent material on this topic.
- 1. The Universal Credit (Work Allowance) Amendment Regulations 2015, SI No.1649
- 2. The Universal Credit (Transitional Provisions) (Amendment) Regulations 2015, SI No.1780
- 3. The National Health Service (Exemptions from Charges, Payments and Remission of Charges) (Amendment and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2015, SI No.1776
- 4. The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments Regulations 2015, SI No.1754


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A History of Gloucester Prison 1791-1950
By:- Jill Evans
Gloucester Prison was in continuous existence for almost 222 years, from July 1 791, when the first prisoners moved in, to March 2013, when it was closed down. It was one of the first prisons in Great Britain that was purpose-built to be run on the separate system, in which prisoners were divided into different classes and slept in individual cells. This book relates the prison's history up to 1950, discussing the development of the buildings, the problems encountered in trying to employ the separate system, the staff who worked there and the prisoners who were held in its cells. It reveals what everyday life in the prison was like and recalls the less routine events which took place, such as escapes and executions. It should appeal to readers who are interested in Gloucestershire's history or in the history of crime and punishment, and to anyone who has ever wondered what went on in the past behind Gloucester Prison's high walls.
Monumental Inscriptions from the Forest of Dean: Burial Grounds Vol 1
Clearwell Burial Ground
Drybrook Holy Trinity
Mitcheldean St Michael and All Angels
Viney Hill All Saints Burial Ground
Also Available as a Download
Prisoners in Gloucester Gaol: A Rogues' Gallery: Photographs and Records
By : Elizabeth Jack
Covering 1870, 1880 – 1906
(There are no photographs for 1871 – 1879 inclusive)
Secret Gloucester
By:- Christine Jordan
Sheltered by the Cotswolds, the streets of Gloucester hide many secrets. Using vast knowledge Christine explores the rich heritage that can be seen embedded throughout the streets of this historic city.
Such as the momentous to the outlandish
The sale of wives in the 18th century, hidden Roman Ruins, and many more.
This book will appeal to Locals looking for a nostalgic look back into their district to touring visitors and provides an excellent alternative view into the clandestine aspects of Gloucester city.
The New Regard Number 33, 2019
Page 4
The address by the Lord-Lieutenant of Gloucestershire on the occasion of the Society's 70th anniversary.
Given to members at a dinner held at Speech House on the 30th June 2018. Mining the Forest's Secrets: Recent archaeological excavations at Yorkley and Soudley .
Page 6
Jesse Wheeler and Andrew Walsh
Reminiscences of the Forester Training School at Parkend During The Early
Page 10
By Pete Ralph
The rescue and conservation of the Whitecliff ironworks in the
Forest of Dean. .
Ian Standing
Page 13
The Present State of the Forest.
Thomas Rudge's History Of the County of Gloucestershire, 1803
Page 23
Forty Shilling Freeholders? How the Foresters got the Vote. .
David Mullin
Page 25
Interim report on the Foresters' Forest Veteran Tree and Archaeology Project at
Brookways Ditch, near Parkend.
Page 39
Andrew Hoaen
Abbots Wood. .
Page 46
Stan Bosher
A Commitment to Education: The Westaway Family and the Westaway Medal for
Merit, Drybrook Primary School . . .
Page 51
Eric Nicholls
Interesting and notable trees of Dean Thirty Years on. Part 3: Sweet Chestnut,
Ash, Holly, Yew and Other trees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 55
Ian Standing
This edition includes accounts of two projects concerning local archaeology and the historic landscape.
They were led by professional experts and undertaken by interested volunteers. The numbers taking
part demonstrate the wide interest in this branch of the local heritage. Projects concerning wildlife and
community history are also underway and equally successful. All are funded through the Foresters' Forest HLF Landscape Partner Scheme.


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Throughout life, descending activity from the brain shapes spinal cord reflexes to support effective motor function. When injury or disease impairs this long-term supraspinal control, reflex patterns are distorted and spasticity and other disabling problems appear. Better understanding of the mechanisms of supraspinal control of spinal cord plasticity would elucidate the acquisition of motor skills and should lead to novel methods for inducing and guiding recovery of function after injury or disease. Operant conditioning of the spinal stretch reflex (or tendon jerk) or its electrical analog, the H-reflex, is a simple model for exploring long-term supraspinal control of spinal cord plasticity. In response to an operant conditioning protocol, monkeys, rats, mice, and humans can gradually increase or decrease the SSR or the H- reflex. This learning changes the spinal cord, since evidence of it remains even after all supraspinal control is removed. This research project is defining how supraspinal control creates and maintains the spinal cord plasticity underlying H-reflex conditioning, and is learning how reflex conditioning can be used to help restore function after spinal cord injury. The work of the past grant period suggests: that sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and its corticospinal tract (CST) output induce the spinal cord plasticity directly responsible for H-reflex change;that cerebellar output to SMC is essential;and that H-reflex conditioning affects locomotion and can improve it after spinal cord injury. Based on these results and recent pilot data, the hypotheses of this continuation proposal are: (1) that the critical CST activity is produced in the hindlimb area of sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and is guided by the cerebellum;and (2) that reflex conditioning can improve locomotion after a spinal cord contusion injury. The first hypothesis will be tested in rats that undergo down- or up-conditioning of the H-reflex and in control rats. SMC activity and related evoked potentials will be recorded by electrocorticography. The effects of cerebellar and other lesions on this SMC activity will be determined and correlated with the lesion effects on H-reflex conditioning. The second hypothesis will betestedbystudyinglocomotorEMGandkinematicsinrats with calibrated spinal cord contusion injuries before, during, and after up- or down-conditioning of the soleus H-reflex or other spinal reflexes. The locomotor abnormalities produced by spinal cord contusions will be quantified and the impact of spinal reflex conditioning protocols on these abnormalities will be determined. The results should yield new understanding of how the brain shapes spinal cord reflexes so that they support effective motor function. They should lead to novel methods that use reflex conditioning to induce and guide spinal cord plasticity so as to improve function after spinal cord injury or other trauma or disease. Reflex conditioning protocols could be designed to target the particular deficits of each individual, and could thereby complement more general therapeutic methods (e.g., locomotor training) to help maximize restoration of function.
The brain continually changes spinal cord reflexes throughout life. These reflex changes support normal motor skills and also contribute to the functional deficits associated with neuromuscular disorders. This project is revealing the mechanisms of these reflex changes, and showing how they can be induced and guided to increase recovery of function after spinal cord injury or with other injury or disease.
|Eftekhar, Amir; Norton, James J S; McDonough, Christine M et al. (2018) Retraining Reflexes: Clinical Translation of Spinal Reflex Operant Conditioning. Neurotherapeutics :
|Norton, James J S; Wolpaw, Jonathan R (2018) Acquisition, Maintenance, and Therapeutic Use of a Simple Motor Skill. Curr Opin Behav Sci 20:138-144
|LaPallo, Brandon K; Wolpaw, Jonathan R; Yang Chen, Xiang et al. (2017) Spinal Transection Alters External Urethral Sphincter Activity during Spontaneous Voiding in Freely Moving Rats. J Neurotrauma 34:3012-3026
|Chen, Yi; Chen, Lu; Wang, Yu et al. (2017) Why New Spinal Cord Plasticity Does Not Disrupt Old Motor Behaviors. J Neurosci 37:8198-8206
|Chen, Xiang Yang; Wang, Yu; Chen, Yi et al. (2016) Ablation of the inferior olive prevents H-reflex down-conditioning in rats. J Neurophysiol 115:1630-6
|LaPallo, Brandon K; Wolpaw, Jonathan R; Chen, Xiang Yang et al. (2016) Contribution of the external urethral sphincter to urinary void size in unanesthetized unrestrained rats. Neurourol Urodyn 35:696-702
|Boulay, Chadwick B; Chen, Xiang Yang; Wolpaw, Jonathan R (2015) Electrocorticographic activity over sensorimotor cortex and motor function in awake behaving rats. J Neurophysiol 113:2232-41
|Chen, Yi; Chen, Lu; Liu, Rongliang et al. (2014) Locomotor impact of beneficial or nonbeneficial H-reflex conditioning after spinal cord injury. J Neurophysiol 111:1249-58
|LaPallo, Brandon K; Wolpaw, Jonathan R; Chen, Xiang Yang et al. (2014) Long-term recording of external urethral sphincter EMG activity in unanesthetized, unrestrained rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 307:F485-97
|Chen, Yi; Chen, Lu; Wang, Yu et al. (2014) Persistent beneficial impact of H-reflex conditioning in spinal cord-injured rats. J Neurophysiol 112:2374-81
Showing the most recent 10 out of 53 publications


text:
The Clare School project:
'Norwich – a Kind City'
The 'Thank You' coin
You were given this 'Thank You' token because you were kind. Pass it forward the next time somebody is kind to you.
Who knows? If lots of people use these tokens we could grow the numbers of acts of kindness. We could start to think of Norwich as a Kind City as well as a Fine City. If you want some tokens of your own to give away, they're free.
But with a small catch!
You can email email@example.com with your name and postal address and ask for up to 10 more tokens at a time. But you must give an example in your email of a kind act that we can add to our collection.
You could begin your example with the words: "We could make Norwich a kind city by…………."
Thank You. Pay it forward.
John Harben – firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
During World War II, the San Francisco Bay Area became America's "Arsenal of Democracy," causing so many dramatic changes in the Bay Area that the war years came to be known as the "Second Gold Rush." During that time, the area served as the arsenal's shipyard, coastal fortress, and a pipeline to the Pacific.
World War II dominated the social, economic and political landscapes of the mid-20th century, setting in motion momentous events that still shape the world we live in today. The communities that ring the San Francisco Bay were irrevocably altered by that wartime era and still bear its visible marks in the remains of military bases and coastal defense fortifications, ships and shipbuilding facilities, worker housing and other buildings.
Beginning during the California Gold Rush in the 1850s, the U.S. Army had been continually constructing, expanding and modernizing harbor defenses surrounding the Golden Gate and intended to keep an enemy from capturing the port with its strategic military and industrial sites. In the early years, French and British fleets were most feared by American planners, and large masonry forts armed with scores of smoothbore cannon were constructed at Fort Point in the Presidio de San Francisco and on Alcatraz Island in the middle of the bay. During the Civil War and the years immediately following, additional masonry and earthwork fortifications were constructed along both shores of the Golden Gate straits. Well-preserved examples of these semipermanent fortifications can still be seen at Battery East in the Presidio and at Battery Cavallo at Fort Baker.
In the 1890s the army began a major modernization of the Nation's coastal fortifications and, because of its strategic importance, San Francisco Bay was given number two priority behind New York Harbor. This rearmament project resulted in the wholesale scrapping of smoothbore artillery and the introduction of modern breech-loading artillery protected in concrete gun emplacements. Construction of these fixed defenses had a dual role: first, the improved fortifications made the Nation's ports much more secure and ready to deal with the threat from modern armored warships; secondly, the strong shore defenses freed up the U.S. naval forces from their reluctant role as "floating coastal forts." This strategic change allowed our navy to sail the globe freely and extend our military presence — and U.S. influence — to foreign countries. By 1910, nearly 120 coast artillery guns were mounted in the Harbor Defenses of San Francisco. Ranging in size from three-inch rapid-fire weapons to 12-inch long-range guns, these fortifications were designed to meet the threat of any size vessel from a small patrol boat to a heavily armored battleship. These new weapons and fortifications would form the backbone of San Francisco's coastal defenses until after the end of World War II.
As Europe headed deeper towards war in the 1930s, isolationist America reluctantly began to upgrade its coastal fortifications once again. In San Francisco, this program led to the construction of two batteries mounting the largest guns then in American arsenals: 16-inch caliber rifled guns mounted on high elevation carriages, capable of firing 2,100-pound projectiles nearly 26 miles. To protect the weapons against the growing threat of aerial bombardment, each battery of two guns was constructed as a subterranean fortification with the guns aiming out from the sides of heavily camouflaged, manmade hills. Up to 20 feet of overhead concrete and earth cover provided protection for the guns themselves along with a labyrinth of connecting corridors, ammunition magazines, power plants, crew spaces, and assorted storage rooms. To protect the new batteries, antiaircraft guns were concentrated nearby to ward off attacking enemy aircraft.
Preparations for mobilization to create "Fortress San Francisco" were massive. Forts Baker, Barry, and Cronkhite ringed the tip of Marin County, while Fort Point mounted guard on the Golden Gate Straits. Inside the bay were several bases including Fort Mason, the principal Pacific Port of Embarkation, the Presidio, Fort Miley, Hamilton Field, and Moffett Field. Completed in 1940, Battery Davis at Fort Funston and Battery Townsley at Fort Cronkhite were the prototypes for all subsequent fortification designs adopted by the U.S. Army. On the eve of World War II, these two batteries formed the state-of-the-art defenses not only of San Francisco but also of the entire United States.
On December 7, 1941, the Harbor Defenses of San Francisco Bay comprised a mixture of modern batteries as well as aging, but still potent, coast artillery emplacements constructed at the turn-of-the-century; mobile tractor drawn field artillery and antiaircraft guns; and the underwater minefields that still protected the shipping channels. Manning these defenses were an assemblage of "old army" regulars from the Sixth Coast Artillery Regiment, newly-formed units such as the 18th, 54th, and 56th Coast Artillery Regiments, and National Guard Regiments from as far away as Minnesota and Texas. When news reached San Francisco of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, all off-duty personnel were recalled to their units and the harbor defenses put on full alert. Soldiers moved out of their barracks and into the batteries and began filling sandbags, stringing barbed wire and constructing beach defenses at a fevered pace. Up and down the coast, observers in tiny concrete observation posts scanned the horizon for the approach of a Japanese fleet that would never come.
The San Francisco Bay Area's major contribution to victory during World War II was shipbuilding. During the war, men and women working in Bay Area shipyards, like Kaiser's Richmond Shipyard Number Three, built 1,400 vessels — a ship a day, on average. Mare Island Naval Shipyard provided well-established repair and shipbuilding facilities. The converted Richmond Ford Motor Company Assembly Plant prepared tanks for shipment overseas to the Pacific War, and the Benicia Arsenal manufactured the munitions for these and other weapons. During World War II, tens of thousands of Bay Area women challenged common perceptions about their capabilities, and for the first time were faced with the problems of being working parents — – finding daycare and housing. These historic places remain today as an indelible imprint of this time and remind us of the dramatic changes brought on by the Bay Area's participation in World War II.
Three months after the bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, ordering the relocation of Japanese Americans living in coastal areas, who were at the time considered a security risk. In the weeks that followed, local newspapers carried almost daily reports of proclamations, plans, and restrictions to their civil liberties. Japanese internees were first transported to one of 13 "Assembly" centers throughout the state, then on to permanent camps inland. In all, nearly 100,000 Californians of Japanese descent were removed from their homes and livelihoods for incarceration during the war until 1945.


text:
Directed by Siddhartha Thatholu and produced by Ram Gopal Varma and Bhasker Rashi under Company and Raasi Combines banners, Bhairava Geetha stars Dhanajaya and Irra Mor in lead roles. Music for the film is composed by Ravi Shankar.
1. The film promises to reintroduce to the audience the Ram Gopal Varma known for his hard-hitting and intense stories, since the story of Bhairava Geetha is co-written by him with Ram Vamsi Krishna.
2. The film claims to be based on a true story and itself ups the interest quotient around the film.
3. The chemistry between Dhananjaya and Irra in the trailer is amazing. If the same passion is seen in the entire narrative, Bhairava Geetha should be an intense love story to watch.


text:
Address: 351 Bruce Street, Yreka, CA
Business Genre: Assisted Living, Uncategorized
Assisted Living and Memory care community
Business Genre: Publishers, Tours, Uncategorized
Offering hiking trips, back country skiing and snowshoe trips, photography tours, scenic site tours, step-on bus and more! Author of " Mount Shasta Guide to Fun".
Business Genre: Plumbing, Uncategorized
Roto Rooter Plumbers, plumbing and drain cleaning. We do it all!


text:
Sedition case: When judges walk the thin end of the wedge
The words of a high court judge in the sedition case involving JNU student leader Kanhaiya Kumar have raised eyebrows because the issue is fraught with grey areas in both fact and law.editorials Updated: Mar 03, 2016, 21:37 IST
The words of Delhi high court judge Pratibha Rani in granting interim bail to JNUSU president Kanhaiya Kumar in a sedition case has raised eyebrows, and understandably so.
In invoking 'obiter dicta', the judge is well within her institution's parameters. However, there is more to this in a context where the limits of the Constitution are being stretched, as we have seen in the fallout of an event at the university where three sets of slogans were raised by three categories of people present.
Civil liberties and freedom of expression are critical to the foundations of our republic. The judge, however, invoked an idea of "passive anti-nationalism" as she lectured Mr Kumar on his duties as a citizen. In a sensitive matter, conditional bail with vague caveats is difficult to police and liable to be misused.
In a nation of many social classes with conflicting interests, patriotism cannot be defined in a narrow manner. The judge's implied criticism of "anti-national" attitude can be taken in the right spirit, but must also allow room for discussions on a number of pertinent issues in a larger social context. There is in this the question of whether and how much one can stretch individual interpretations of patriotism, especially when "passive" acts or silence can be interpreted as evidence of sorts to discuss a charge so grave as sedition. Some of the issues in question fall in the political rather than the judicial realm.
Read | HC quotes Bollywood song, asks students, faculty for peace in JNU
In the Kanhaiya Kumar case, sedition is no doubt a severe charge, but the anti-sedition law's relevance itself is being questioned in the public domain. The judge's words are no doubt founded on good intentions. But she should have been aware that every word of hers will be scrutinised in a surcharged atmosphere. Separately, in contrast to the high court's words, the Chief Justice of India, while heading a bench in a case challenging a bar examination, has said that not everyone who wears black robes deserves the label of a lawyer. We are tempted to view that in the context of the violence by lawyers at Patiala House courts.
The nation is sacred, but so is rule of law and the Constitution. The CJI's words are reassuring in the context of tensions involving the judiciary and should be viewed as a benchmark against which words from lower court judges must be assessed. Perhaps the judiciary itself can introspect more on how to function better in a democracy where free speech is increasingly a preferred route to debate rights and wrongs.


text:
That's the Ticket
STEVE INSKEEP, host:
Good morning, I'm Steve Inskeep with congratulations to Ed O'Neill. He works for the Chamber of Commerce in Iowa, and that's where a co-worker told him a story about the lottery. It was about some idiot who failed to turn in the winning lottery ticket. That was the story that prompted Ed O'Neill to check the numbers on his own lottery ticket, after which he announced that he was the person described as some idiot. His embarrassment was relieved by the $800,000.
It's MORNING EDITION.
Copyright © 2007 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.
NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio record.


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Cynics' privacy policy is intended to comply fully with the Privacy Act 1988.
Collecting information about you
Cynics will not collect or monitor any personal information about you without your consent. The only personal information we collect is what you tell us about yourself and information about how you use our website, for example by what pages you visit on our site and your IP address. If you contact us, we may keep a record of that contact. The advantage of giving this information is that it allows us to tailor your experience of our website to your personal interests. Any further collection of your personal information than that explained here will only occur with your consent.
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Cookies are pieces of information that a website transfers to your computer's hard disk for record keeping purposes. Most web browsers are set to accept cookies. Cynics may use cookies to make your use of our website and services as convenient as possible. Cookies in and of themselves do not personally identify users, although they do identify a user's browser. Cookies are useful to estimate our number of members and determine overall traffic patterns through our website. If you do not wish to receive any cookies you may set your browser to refuse cookies. This may mean you will not be able to take full advantage of Cynics' services.
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The amended Privacy Policy will apply between us whether or not we have given you specific notice of any change.
Regards The Cynic


text: Why I'll Sweeten with Raw Honey, Not Fruit Juice by Erica Pyle | Feb 16, 2015 | Health Our family embarked on the Whole30 last Wednesday. It's been a mixed bag of results so far, some really good and some not so good. I'll be posting about some of the not so good results during the week and talking about the adjustments we'll be making to our plan. But one of the adjustments I knew we would make from the outset was to reach for honey as a "touch of sweet" in our cooking as opposed to fruit juice. Let me give you my three reasons why. Honey is a whole food. Fruit juice is not. The originators of the Whole30 are very clear that a major part of this program is to remove sugar and things that break down easily into sugar from the diet. You can read their book, It All Starts with Food, if you'd like to understand the fundamental workings of this priority. But suffice it to say, too much sugar wreaks havoc in pretty much every system of the body. And "too much sugar" is a lot less than what we might think. So the founders of this program say it's okay to use fruit juice as a sweetener in dishes where it's an absolute must, and they say it's because they "had to draw the line somewhere." But I would argue that this is not where the line should be drawn. The line should exclude fruit juice and include honey. Because honey is a whole food and fruit juice is not. Fruit juice is a component of juice. When the juice is extracted it leaves behind all of the fiber and... read more Chicken Stir Fry & the Whole30 by Erica Pyle | Feb 11, 2015 | Health We're kicking off a Whole30 tomorrow in our family and this is another recipe we can't live without regardless of what our diet goals are. Thankfully, it's a pretty easy one to adjust for various diet needs. The original recipe calls for corn starch (we use arrowroot powder here) and soy sauce (we'll do coconut aminos) and serving over rice (a definite NO on the Whole 30, but you can try cauli-rice). We're amping up the amount of chicken and chopping the veggies a little bigger to make it a more hearty dish. Let me know how you like it! Chicken Stir Fry 2015-02-10 19:04:29 Serves 6 Soy and grain free chicken stir fry Write a review Save Recipe Print Prep Time 20 min Cook Time 30 min Total Time 50 min Prep Time 20 min Cook Time 30 min Total Time 50 min Ingredients 1 1/2 lemons, juiced 1 cup chicken broth 1/4 cup plus 1 Tbl coconut aminos, divided 1 Tbl arrowroot powder 2 cloves garlic, minced 1/2 inch ginger, grated 2 Tbl of peanut or olive oil, divided 1 pinch, crushed red pepper 1 bunch scallions, chopped with white and green separated 2 pounds boneless, skinless chicken breasts, cubed 2 cups carrots, peeled and chopped 2 cups snow peas, trimmed 2 cups broccoli, florets 1 red bell pepper, cut into strips 1 can sliced water chestnuts, drained To make the sauce Juice the lemons into a bowl. Add chicken stock, 1/4 cup of coconut aminos and arrowroot powder and whisk until combined. Set aside. To prepare the chicken In a separate bowl whisk together 1 Tbl... read more Chunky Chicken Vegetable Soup & the Whole30 by Erica Pyle | Feb 10, 2015 | Health The Pyle family is embarking on a Whole 30 for 28 days! We've cut it to 28 so that we don't run right over Jacob's birthday. While we are firm believers in the power of a clean diet, we still enjoy our sweets and delicacies when we celebrate a person or event (once in a while!). So we're cutting the program two days short so we can celebrate Jacob with an amazing cake of some sort (yet to be determined). One of the first things I think about whenever I consider a new eating plan is how I will adjust some of our family's favorite recipes. My traditional chicken and rice soup is one of those recipes. We cannot live without it in some form or fashion, so it was the first one I looked at updating. In terms of making it Whole30 compliant, all I had to do was remove the rice or noodles and cut the veggies a little bigger to compensate for the lack of chew brought in by the grain. If you want to convert this back into the traditional version, add 2/3 cup of uncooked rice towards the end and let it simmer until done. Or egg noodles. Whatever you prefer. But let's not dream too much about that as we head into the Whole30. Just a tip: the lemon juice at the end MAKES it! So don't leave it out. Different people like different amounts of acidity. So while it's essential to add the acidity, how much you like is a personal preference. I call for 1/2 a lemon's worth, but... read more Next Entries » facebook Twitter Instagram Pinterest RSS Sign up for the monthly eNewsletter First Name Last Name Email Address Subscribe Ask Erica to speak at your next event


text:
Crayon Tote Bag
- Brand: Basically Yours
Accessorize your style with this Crayon Tote Bag! It is the perfect tote bag for every outfit and occasion. Personalize this fun bag with patches, sequins, glitter and much more.
- Width: 10 3/4"
- Height: 11" (16 1/4" with Handle)
- Fiber: 100% Cotton
Each package contains 1 tote bag.
Item not available in Hobby Lobby Stores.
Check your local store for availability.
Send me an email when it's back in stock.
Check your local store for availability.
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text:
Donkey Bay Inn - Surreal Luxury Accommodation Russell from
Wine pioneer Antonio Pasquale has created a unique concept inn overlooking the Bay of Islands near Russell. Independent of the electric power grid, Donkey Bay Inn has dramatic ocean panoramas from its three, large and eclectically themed suites. A maximum of ten guests can enjoy the seclusion of a gated peninsula with private access to Waitata Bay below.
Butler service, a clifftop spa, resident chef, and personal tastings of estate wines add to the "bespoke" character of the eco-inn, says manager Patrick Crawshaw, who has a background in British boutique hotels and hotel design.
"Guests can expect the unexpected," says the Italian-born philosopher. "We have populated the high, timbered guest areas with art objects and furniture that has a grand scale but a quiet humour." This includes ocean liner trunks, floor to ceiling stone urns, a large picture of Princess Margaret on water skis, and in the lofty library a collection of flags and nautical images reflecting the owner's love of sailing.
Each guest room has an oversized mosaic bathroom with its own deck or garden access, swathes of exotic fabrics and a four-posted bed.
Entry to the architect-designed retreat is through a curved tunnel and across a pebble garden with tropical flowers. "When you enter Donkey Bay," says Antonio Pasquale, "you journey into a liberating wonderland between sea and sky. Like our wines, it is defined by nature. There is nothing like this in New Zealand; it a truly unique concept."
from $ per night
General Amenities
Interior Amenities
Exterior Amenities
If you would like to send this property to a friend that you think may be interested, please complete the form below. To send this property to multiple friends, enter each email separated by a comma in the 'Friends Email' field.


text:
We live between the walls- not quite like mice-
don't run or shit where we might catch their eye.
We don't fight back, except for once or twice.
We'd had enough. And then we bled them dry
our so-called betters. They live in the rooms
are comfortably off, they like to say.
One day we'll break and desecrate their tombs
And show them putrid to the light of day.
When not ignoring us, they curl their lip.
We've won some few rights- some of them remain.
There was a time when they used sword and whip
some of them hope to have that power again.
They starve us, scorn us. Stand up with dry eyes!
We won't get angry - rather organize


text:
Located in the heart of St. Paul's Bay and yet minutes away from the promenade is this highly finished third floor apartment, covering a total foot print of approximately 75sqm. Offering an open plan kitchen/living/dining room. A main bathroom. Two bedrooms. Front terrace and a back balcony.
View Property Details of Apartment for Sale in St.Paul's Bay
View Similar Properties for Sale in St.Paul's Bay
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text:
Over the years the population of major cities has been increasing rapidly resulting in a number of problems for both LEDC's and MEDC's. LEDC's main problems are with housing whereas MEDC's have more problems with its environment and transport situation.
Sao Paulo, Brazil
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In Sao Paulo the wealthy and the poor live quite close together. The rich live in luxury apartments with lots of security (this is because there is a high crime rate and the rich are the best targets). The poor buy very old town houses or if they can't afford that they build their own favelas which have no electricity, no running water and are very unhygienic. They are built on unsuitable land like steep hills or on the side of railways and as they don't own the land the government can throw them out and bulldoze their house at any time. The favelas are often overcrowded with 10 or more people living in one room!
The transport in Sao Paulo is fairly good. It has a port, railways and roads and 35% of the population own cars. In 1991 it was estimated that 3.4 million people used public transport daily and in recent years $95 million has been spent on 270km of suburban main line railways. With transport comes pollution but as Sao Paulo has no industry the pollution is at a minimum.
Mexico City
Mexico City has seen a massive population increase. In 1970 there were 9 million inhabitants living in a 400-mile square area. By 1996 17 million people were living in an 870-mile square area. As the population has increased the urban area has expanded outwards into an area that was rural farmland beforehand. 50% of people living in Mexico City at the moment live as squatters in illegal dwellings, which are run down and have no amenities. Being illegal dwellings they could lose their house at anytime.
In 1985 an earthquake destroyed many older buildings in the city which had not been built to withstand this sort of pressure. Many people were left homeless. Aid organisations came to the rescue by rebuilding new houses or giving money to be spent on housing.
Mexico City is struggling to keep its pollution to a minimum but it is trying some ideas to keep the amount to a safe level. One idea is that all taxis over 10 years old must be replaced so they have newer and more environmentally friendly engines. Many poor people rely on their income as a taxi driver to support their families and if they have to buy new taxis every 10 years they are not going to make any profit.
The poor air quality isn't just down to transport pollution. It is due to the large population, the large number of industries as well as its high altitude and temperatures. Two million people suffer diseases caused by air pollution and health costs are up to $900 million a year.
LEDC housing solutions
The government has a few different options to help the poorest people with housing. They can: –
* Demolish squatter settlements
* Add basic amenities to settlements
* Do self help site and service schemes
* Relocate people
Demolishing is not a good idea as you make lots of people homeless and they will just go and build elsewhere so it's not really helping anyone. If they add amenities to the favelas it means they can stay in the house that they built and the amenities e.g. water/ electricity will make life a bit better. Self help site and service schemes are where the government provides services and land. Residents build their own houses here (which become theirs) and they get electricity and water supplies. If you relocate people they need to find lots of new houses for squatters to move into which have better conditions.
I think the best idea is to provide the basic amenities to their original homes so they don't have to move around a lot, it makes their lives more comfortable and it isn't so expensive for the government so they could provide this scheme for lots of people.
London has a mixture of housing but nothing as bad as the LEDC's. The most deprived areas of London are around the city for example Hackney and Tower Hamlet. These areas have low quality housing like council flats, which are rundown and dirty. The areas with the least amount of deprivation are on the outskirts of London like Bromley or Harrow. These areas have private estates with large houses.
The transport in London is awful. In the rush hour roads are gridlocked, motorways have huge traffic jams and public transport is crowded. In the 1980's the government spent millions of pounds developing the Docklands Industrial Area and building the Docklands Light Railway. They built the railway to transport workers to and from the industrial area because they had built it in such a remote place there was no other way of getting there. This money could have been spent on public transport that was really needed!
The worst thing about London is the environment. The city remains the most polluted part of the UK and one of the most polluted cities in Europe, rivalled only by Athens and Katowice in Poland.
It is estimated that 24,000 people die prematurely each year from diseases bought on by air pollution. The parts of London closest to airports and major roads are the most polluted parts of the city. Marylebone Road in London is probably the most polluted spot in London because of the narrow streets with tall buildings the wind can't disperse the pollution.
Travelling on the underground for 40 minutes is the equivalent to smoking two cigarettes. The underground is polluted with toxins and dust particles, which are damaging for your lungs.
The average household produces 1.3 tonnes of waste each year and the majority of it ends up in a land fill site and only 8% is recycled. The governments target for recycling is 25% but they are no where near reaching that figure. We need to do more to protect our environment.
Los Angeles, USA
In the 1950's there was a law limiting the height of buildings but in 1957 that was overturned so, to save building in rural areas they built high rise apartment blocks. The housing situation in Los Angeles is similar to London. The deprived areas that are around the city have low quality housing and the less deprived areas are on the outskirts and have nice, good quality housing.
In 1950 2.3 million people had cars and by 1990 this figure had become 10.6 million. Not only does this cause a tremendous amount of congestion on the roads but it is also the main reason Los Angeles has the worst air pollution in the USA. It doesn't help that the area has a low wind speed and is in a basin, which means the pollutants can't escape. All the residents are at risk from fatal diseases resulting from pollution.
Los Angeles' public transport is virtually non-existent and most people use their cars to get around the area.
MEDC environmental and transport solutions
Both cities need to invest a lot of money into sorting out their problems. Firstly, they need to look at the transport situation. They need to get the public to leave their cars at home when commuting into the city to avoid too much congestion. They then need to improve public transport so people want to use the service. Maybe introducing new bus services or more trains in and out of the city along with cheaper fares.
Secondly, they need to look at the pollution in their city. Fewer cars would help a bit but its lots of little things, which make the big differences. They should introduce recycling schemes so we don't use up landfill sites with all the things that could be reused.
In conclusion I would say both LEDC's and MEDC's have the same problems but some are on a larger scale than others for example LEDC's have a large housing problem compared to MEDC's. Most of the problems can be solved successful if the government is willing to put in the time, effort and money and the public is willing to co-operate.


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State of Bank Pakistan
28th May, 2004
BSD Circular No .08 of 2004
The Presidents/ Chief Executives
All Banks
Dear Sirs/Madam,
In terms of Section 29 of the Banking Companies Ordinance, 1962, banks are required to maintain Statutory Liquidity Requirement in cash, gold or unencumbered approved securities valued at a price not exceeding "the lower of the cost or the current market price" equivalent to an amount which shall not at the close of business on any day be less than "such percentage" of the total of their time and demand liabilities in Pakistan, as may be notified by the State Bank from time to time. Presently, banks are required to maintain the liquid assets @ 15% (excluding Statutory Cash Reserve maintained under section 36(1) of the State Bank of Pakistan Act, 1956) of their total time and demand liabilities in Pakistan with effect from 12th July, 1999.
2) In order to facilitate the banks, instructions issued from time to time on the subject have been consolidated and are given hereunder: –
i) The Total Time and Demand Liabilities (TDL) for the purpose of determining Statutory Liquidity Requirement (SLR) and Cash Reserve Requirement (CRR) shall include the following heads of accounts of Weekly Statement of Position (WSP):
a) Demand Deposits (General) (c) Time Deposits (General)
b) Other Demand Liabilities d) Other Time Liabilities
The detail of items included in the above heads of accounts (for reference) is given in the enclosed Annexure-A.
ii) In terms of Section 36 of State Bank of Pakistan Act, 1956 and Section 29 of the Banking Companies Ordinance, 1962, "Liabilities" shall not include the paid up capital or the reserves or any credit balance in the profit and loss account of the Banking Company or the amount of any loan taken from the State Bank or any such liabilities as may be notified by the State Bank for the purpose. Accordingly, the following liabilities of WSP shall not be taken into account while computing the TDL:


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MONSTER PT 7.1:1 RH BAITCAST REEL Description. Built to take on high-powered species such as steelhead, musky, blue cats, and striped bass, the Monster reel gets its name from its very large spool that is capable of launching the baits that entice these battling beasts - while providing the line capacity to keep up with the line torching long runs they often make.
Features: - Aluminum Spool - Strong aluminum frame and gear side cover - 5 Bearings (4 + Clutch) - Continuous Anti-Reverse clutch - Right Hand Retrieve - Zero Friction pinion Specifications: - Technique: Baitcast - Reel Handle Position: Right - Gear Ratio: 7.1:1 - Retrieve Rate: 31 - Bearing Count: 5 - Braid Capacity (Yards/lbs): 305/30 - Mono Capacity (Yards/lbs): 210/14 - Max Drag: 23 lbs. Anti Reverse: Continuous - Weight: 10.3 oz. The item "Zebco / Quantum Monster Baitcast Reel 7.11 Gear mfg MO300HPT. BX3 # 296275" is in sale since Tuesday, April 10, 2018. This item is in the category "Sporting Goods\Fishing\Reels\Baitcasting Reels".
The seller is "edwardf6249" and is located in Vandalia, Missouri. This item can be shipped to United States.


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Professor Dawkins,
First, I want to say thank you for all that you are doing to help progress the secular movement. My conversion story started when I went to college two years ago. I am currently a sophomore at the United States Military Academy, who is originally from Maryland. I grew up in a Catholic family. I went to church most Sundays and went to religious education classes once a week. I was a believer but by no means a fundamentalist. When I got to West Point I met a bunch of very conservative, religious people who did hold fundamentalist views. I couldn't believe that my classmates at one of America's top colleges didn't believe in evolution. Anyways, these extreme views led me to seriously question my own views. I went awhile where I was in a kind of agnostic state. I didn't go to church and I was just really confused about what I believed. Then, just before Christmas 2011, I watched Bill Maher's movie Religulous and decided that religion was, well, pretty ridiculous. I was still confused because Maher's film is great but it doesn't offer any knockout arguments against believing in god. That's why I decided to read your book, along with Christopher Hitchens', and Sam Harris' (I am currently reading Daniel Dennet's). All of your books totally convinced me of the atheist point of view and made me embarrassed to look back at my old beliefs. Just a few weeks ago I "came out" to my family which was a very nerve-wracking experience. It turns out my dad may be an atheist as well. He has been questioning his beliefs in the past couple of years but keeps going to church because of my mom. I quickly gave him my copy of your book, along with the others I mentioned. My mom was a little bit of a different story. She cried at first but after talking to me a little bit about it she accepted my decision. She won't listen to any of my reasoning for atheism though. She even admits that there is no proof for god but that she just simply has faith that he and Jesus exist. This was extremely frustrating to me, which I am sure it is to you whenever you encounter someone who uses this explanation for their religion. Anyways, I was just happy that my relationship with my parents wasn't affected at all by my coming out. My mom did ask me to not tell my little brother and sister, which I didn't like but agreed to because I didn't want to upset my mom anymore. I think the next time I go home I will probably end up breaking that agreement because I don't want to hide what I am, and the question will probably come up when I refuse to go to church.
I would just like to sincerely thank you for helping me in my journey to atheism. I have found that I am much happier since giving up my religion. I am much more optimistic and appreciative of the world around me. You have helped solidify my views and given me a solid foundation based on logic and reason to defend my atheism. Thank you again.
Sincerely, Brian


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News item
Fajita/Margarita Night at Charlie GoodnightsStart slideshow
Written by Salee on 03/20/2008.
Meetin Raleigh revisited Charlie Goodnights amatuer night on Wednesday and had a blast! 10 of us crowded into the Old Bar downstairs for some $10 margarita pitchers and $10 fajita specials. We had some old-timers (yes, after 4 events you are considered an old timer!), newbies, and even a couple we did our best to recruit. :-)
The show upstairs was hee-larious. Guest after guest came out and tried their hand with the mic. Some jokes were laugh-out-loud funny (I'll never eat another Powerbar again) and some made us groan (Does a woman with the odometer in also have a sticker on her forehead reminding her when to get a lube job too?). Yes... it was soooome night. :-) Thanks for coming out everyone. It was a great time!
More photos


text: I recently came across a digital copy of a photo of the White Lion in Esher, Surrey, which was probably taken in the late 1800s. A distant relative of mine, Ernest Edward I'Anson, was the proprietor at that time. I understand the White Lion was recently demolished, but was wondering if anyone has any information or other photos of the White Lion.


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IPv6: A Solution to The Web's Dilemma
Today is World IPv6 Day and Google leads the charge to test and adopt the new Internet Protocol.
IPv6 is the solution to the Internet's problem of running out of addresses, a problem that's been floating around for a few months,
Google, the Internet Society, and several other web companies announced in January the World IPv6 Day, when each organization would enable IPv6 addresses on their websites for a 24-hour period. The list of organizations has now grown to more than 400 tech companies, which includes Facebook, Mozilla, Bing, YouTube and several others.
These services of these companies have been edited, upgraded and prepared for the IPv6 changes. The 24-hour test period will enable the organizations mentioned to ensure bug-free IPv6 support.
Google says that it's unlikely for users to notice the test. Around .05% of systems involved is estimated, especially home network equipment like routers, may not revert to IPv4 after the tests. Those affected might find some of the aforementioned sites slow or unresponsive.
IPv6 is the sixth revision to the Internet Protocol and is IPv4's descendant. The two protocols supply the unique IP addresses necessary for Internet-connected devices to communicate. Nonetheless, IPv6 uses 128-bit Internet addresses. IPv4 and IPv6 run as parallel networks, hence exchanging data between these protocols requires special gateways.View Article Source »


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Recording of Zoom Meeting Presentation by Edward Johnson on April 25, 2020
Edward Johnson is a Staten Island naturalist, who was the Curator, and eventually the Director of Science at the Staten Island Museum, recently retiring after 32 years of service. He has studied the natural history of Staten Island for over fifty years, and was the Staten Island compiler for the National Audubon Society's Annual Christmas Bird Count for 25 years. Ed also has an interest in local history, and, with his wife Leslie, served as caretaker of the historic Conference House from 1987-1988. In addition, he is also an adjunct lecturer at the College of Staten Island, teaching lecture and laboratory courses in geology. A native Staten Islander, Ed and his family currently reside in Westerleigh.
Dr. Akerly was the owner of a 1680s farmhouse on Staten Island just prior to Frederick Law Olmsted's taking up residence in 1845. Ed Johnson will discuss Dr. Akerly's natural history activities at the Olmsted-Beil House; share highlights about another early naturalist, J. Crooke, as well as his contemporary, prolific writer, naturalist, entomologist and historian, William T. Davis. Mr. Johnson will end with educator and naturalist, Carlton Beil, the last to live in the Eltingville home now known as the Olmsted-Beil House.


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I was very proud of my fall decor this year. Given that it is decorative gourd season, I scanned Pinterest for ideas for my front porch and got a general idea of what to do. Not only did a buy a whole stack of little gourds, I got some potted mums, a couple of funky pumpkins, and some other random crap from HomeSense and Michaels. My daughter's helped me set it up and it looked pretty good.
Only a few days later I come home to realize that there is a problem with using natural and even possibly edible materials to decorate outside. A squirrel has clearly visited. See below. Apologies for the blurriness; I took these in the evening with the porchlight on.
Decorative gourds with bites out of them. Damnit, I really liked that stripey one; before all the points were bitten off it looked like a star.
Bites out of my cool pink and blue pumpkin. I took ages to pick that one out!
And perhaps worst of all, the dried corn. The first night I noticed the damage, one of the cobs was almost stripped of kernels. The second night, the whole bunch had disappeared entirely. Three times now I've had to pick up that straw bale and my poor brown owlet off the ground.
So now I have to figure out what to do. Those partially-eaten gourds will probably have to go in the compost bin because they'll just go rotten now. Maybe the big pumpkin is salvageable. Maybe I have to sprinkle my decorations with bloodmeal as well.
In my mind it's the same squirrel who went on a peanut-butter fueled bender of destruction a couple of months ago. I'm generally very pro-critter, but the squirrels are testing my patience. No one mentioned this on Pinterest.
Now mostly just a big basket of pulp and seeds.
Caught in the act, but got away before I could take a picture of him in the basket.


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So it took me forever but I finally made my first eBook! I couldn't think of a catchy title so I went with something generic but descriptive that I can expand upon later in my blogging career. So I present to you….drum roll please…. eBook Volume 1 Protein Bars.
You all know that I am a huge fan of Gnarly Whey, so it shouldn't come to you as a shock that all of my recipes use their whey. You can substitute any other whey that has a serving size with 25g of protein (sub out two scoops of Gnarly for one 25g serving of whey protein)–Gnarly uses baby scoops so usually with other brands you only need one scoop compared to their 2 scoops, but be carefully when choosing other brands because many of them are packed full of fillers, added sugars, artificial sweeteners and colors that make you look like you are getting more protein when you are really getting more, need I say "crap."
When going through the eBook if you can't decide on which bars to make, divide the batter in half or quarters and make a variety pan. That's what I did when I made a batch for my Aunt and Uncle for Christmas, instead of the usual Christmas cookies.
Any ways, this ebook contains 9 of my favorite homemade protein bar recipes. You can make them in bulk and store them in the refrigerator for easy snack ideas or for a quick breakfast when you are running late in the morning. Remember protein helps satiate hunger. There is no need to wait until New Years to start eating healthy, start making small changes today!
Have a wonderful Monday everyone!


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Tropical Storm Dujuan Accelerates Northeastward44.5N 156.0E
Tropical Storm Dujuan (13W), located approximately 945 nautical miles south of Petropavlovsk, Russia, has tracked northeastward at 34 knots over the past six hours.
TS 13W continues to undergo extratropical transition as it accelerates to the northeast. Here, convection associated with Dujuan is visible east of Japan. Maximum significant wave height is 19 feet.
The system has tracked over cooler waters (approximately 24ºC) and is forecast to continue tracking over increasingly unfavorable sea surface temperatures through out the forecast period.
Over the past six hours the system has continued to show signs of a warm anomaly in the upper levels, although this temperature anomaly has weakened slightly and lowered in the atmospheric column.
The system is forecast to complete extratropical transition by TAU 12 and maintain intensity as an extratropical system throughout the forecast period.


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Gross Morphology of Placenta in Preeclampsia
Keywords:preeclampsia, placenta, diastolic blood pressure
Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy peculiar disorder with an incidence of 5-7%. It leads to placental insufficiency that results in fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Its etiology however remains unclear. It develops during pregnancy and subsides after delivery, implicating the placenta as the
main culprit. As placenta is the mirror of maternal and foetal status, it reflects the changes due to maternal hypertension.
Objectives: This study intends to compare the changes in gross morphology of placenta in preeclampsia with those of normal placenta. Materials & Methods: 25 normal and 50 placentae from preeclamptic patients were obtained from Lady Aitchison hospital Lahore. The placentae were distributed into four group on basis of diastolic blood pressure ranging from 90-130 mm Hg. Weight, diameter, thickness & volume of placentae were measured. Pathological findings like infarction & calcification were also noted.
Results: The study showed that the diameter, weight and volume of placentae reduced significantly with a rise in blood pressure in all preeclamptic groups. The thickness of the placentae decreased significantly in severe preeclamptic group D (diastolic B.P 116-130 mm Hg) only. Infarction of placentae was present
in 16.6% cases in Group C (diastolic B.P 101-115) & 20% cases in Group D. calcification was present in 12.5% in Group C & 13.3% cases in Group D.
Conclusions: Preeclampsia significantly affects the placenta by reducing its weight, diameter, thickness and volume. Pathological changes appear in placenta with mounting diastolic blood pressure.
How to Cite
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments email@example.com


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Affiliate marketing is something that a lot of people have made a lot of money on. If you learn all about affiliate marketing, you can make it good for you too. This article will help you gain the skills needed for affiliate marketing.
There are many affiliate marketers around that push themselves too hard to try to become a "super" affiliate. They try to push too many products and promotions rather than concentrating on their core products which is a necessity in the cutthroat world of affiliate marketing. There is no sense in rushing the process as it will only cause burnout. It's just a matter of finding the techniques that give you results.
If you want to have immediate access to your money, you should choose an affiliate company that has many payment options. Pay attention to how the parent company distributes earnings. Some only issue paper checks while others use bank transfers and online sources such as PayPal. Also make sure you know how often the distribute earnings.
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Putting a trivia question in a banner ad can intrigue your visitors to want to answer it by viewing your site. You will have people who will just have to click through on that banner advertisement to find the answer. You can encourage participation by giving discounts for winning answers.
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Use the information you have just learned and use it to get started in affiliate marketing. Learn as much as you can about it. Research different affiliates and join an online forum to get tips and advice from experienced affiliate marketers.


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Good road markings act like an extra pair of eyes en route. They help motorists to get home quickly and safely, whatever the weather conditions. To work properly, road markings need to be of impeccable quality.
They need to be highly visible, long-lasting and offer good non-skid properties. Whatever the location or road surface, Track Line will always make every effort to ensure these criteria are met. We have over 14 years of specialist experience in the application of markings and graphics using a wide range of materials: from cold plastic, thermoplastic and component paints to prefab marking.
Track Line B.V.
Track Line specialises in the application and removal of road markings, asphalt cleaning and road surface improvement. We are active in the Netherlands and Europe.
Contact us
Track Line B.V.
Handelstraat 2
P.O. box 107
4140 AC Leerdam
The Netherlands
+31 (0)345-523893