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These days more and more people are spending time abroad, whether they're overseas on business, trying to build a new life in a different country, or just taking a long trip.
There are plenty of reasons a parent might want to take their child abroad for an extended period, or even indefinitely. However, if the parents have separated, there's a possibility that this could result in disagreement, especially if one party feels they are being 'pushed out' of the family unit and that the move is done to deliberately reduce the amount of time they can spend with the children.
If it's done amicably, and good arrangements are put in place to ensure the children spend a reasonable amount of time with each parent, then there shouldn't be a problem – regardless of whether one party moves to an EU or non-EU country. However, if the process is rushed, isn't given enough thought, or is done out of malice, there could be serious consequences further down the line, especially for the children.
Living Arrangements
Living arrangements settled outside court require a lot of co-operation between the parents. So, generally, ex-partners tend to live relatively close to one another to ensure the child has adequate contact with each parent. Naturally, this is tough to achieve if one parent wants to move abroad with the child. Currently, there are no major barriers on movement between the UK and the EU, so it should be easy for contact to be maintained. However, bear in mind that in a few months' time we're exiting the EU, and restrictions on both residency and free movement between the UK and the EU may change dramatically. It's a matter of 'watch this space', and if you are planning to move abroad, talk to an expert in family law who may be able to advise you on the various scenarios we may be facing once the Brexit dust settles.
If you're moving abroad and want to take the children with you, or if you're the one being left behind in the UK, you need to know your rights – not just for yourself, but for the sake of your children, too.
Parental Responsibility
Firstly, you need to find out whether you have parental responsibility for your children. If you do, then you legally have a right to contribute to the fundamental decisions that impact your children. This includes whether your child moves abroad with your ex, or stays in the UK with you.
Presently, by default, mothers have parental responsibility. Fathers only automatically gain these rights if they're married to the mother. Unmarried fathers can also acquire these rights if their child was born after 1st December 2003, as long as the father is named on the birth certificate.
If your child was born before 1st December 2003, and you are not married to the mother, you don't automatically have parental responsibility unless:
- The court grants you parental responsibility
- You've entered a formal agreement with the child's mother using the appropriate documentation.
You have parental responsibility, now what?
If you have parental responsibility, your ex can't take your children out of the country to live abroad legally unless you give your permission.
If you're happy with their new living arrangement, it's wise to get a UK court order highlighting the terms of the agreement. This should include the amount of contact you'll have when the child moves abroad. Once completed, get a "mirror" order from the EU country the child is moving to. This is essential, as all issues of custody are then dealt with by the laws set in the country where the child is living.
What if you don't want your child to move?
If you don't want your child to move abroad, your ex-partner needs to apply to the court for an order to agree to their case. If they decide to press the issue, always get professional legal advice.
Sadly, sometimes children are taken abroad without permission from the other parent. This is known as 'child abduction'. Fortunately, there are legal agreements between the UK and the other EU countries that make it easier to ensure the safe return of your child to the UK if they have been taken without consent.
If you're a parent handling a child abduction case, make sure you:
- Hire a solicitor who specialises in this field
- Make an application to the court as quickly as you can.
The faster you file your application, the sooner your child will be returned. Then, once the child is back in the UK, the court needs to decide whether it's appropriate for your ex to move abroad with your children on a more permanent basis.
The case in non-EU countries
Outside the EU, things can get more complicated. You can come to an arrangement (in writing) concerning how often the children can visit, who pays for travel costs, and how much say the parent left behind has over their day-to-day concerns such as education, etc.
However, it will also depend on the individual laws in the country your children are now living in, and what kind of cross-border relationship there is between the two legal systems as to whether this agreement is acted upon. Put simply, even if you do get a written agreement in place before the children move abroad, there's no guarantee that it'll be enforced by the legal system in the country that the child is now living in. That can make it very difficult to challenge the arrangement unless you have clear proof that the welfare of the child is at risk.
If your ex-partner is planning to take your children abroad, speak to a family law specialist as soon as you can. Jane Wheeler is an experienced family lawyer and can be contacted on 023 9224 6714 or by email to email@example.com.
Click here to enquire online or call 023 9298 1000
We have set out below a full list of the services our Family Department can provide whatever your circumstances. If you do however have a query which does not relate to any matter detailed below, please do contact our Family team who will endeavour to assist you.
Divorce or Civil Partnership Dissolution
Whether you are the Petitioner or the Respondent within proceedings or whether you are simply contemplating the same we can provide guidance throughout the entire process. We can assist with:
- Drafting of documents
- Negotiations with the other party
- Correspondence with third parties such as the Court
- Advice face to face, by telephone, by email.
Pre-Nuptial and Post-Nuptial Agreements
Whether you are planning to marry or indeed have now married and wish to formalise arrangements in the event of separation we can advise and assist with the following:
- Drafting agreements
- Negotiating settlement
- Corresponding with all parties
Whether you are married or living together and in the event you decide to go your separate ways we can assist in formally documenting terms of separation. We can assist in the following ways:
- Drafting Separation Agreements whether in contemplation of divorce or whether to simply record the split of a cohabiting couple
- Negotiations with third parties
- Providing you with advice whether face to face, by telephone or by email.
Arbitration is an alternative to resolving disputes through the Court. At Verisona Law we can assist in a number of ways either by assisting you through the Arbitration or by referring matters to our in house Arbitrator. We offer competitive arbitration rates and a member of our team will be happy to assist with any queries in this regard. Please see our current articles on Arbitration for more details about the process.
Cohabitees/living together
If you have chosen not to marry but wish to live together you may wish to formalise the arrangements and details for doing so. We can assist in the following:
- Drafting cohabitation agreements/living together agreements
- Negotiations with all parties
- Advising you in person, by telephone or email as appropriate.
Divorce where Business are involved
We have extensive experience in dealing with breakdown of marriage where one or both parties are owners of businesses or indeed it may be the family business. We have experience in providing you with advice and signposting for business valuations and will ensure that the business as an asset is dealt with appropriately within any proceedings.
In addition to being able to provide specialised advice in relation to Public Sector pensions our team at Verisona Law has vast knowledge concerning all pension arrangements and can ensure that they are dealt with appropriately within any divorce proceedings. Please seek advice from a member of our team.
Parental Responsibility
We are able to advise on all aspects of Parental Responsibility including:
- Agreements / Orders
- Exercising your Parental Responsibility rights and duties where appropriate
- Arising out of Parental Responsibility we can advise on applications for a Specific Issue Order to the Court if appropriate.
If you have any queries concerning Parental Responsibility and its impact on you or indeed whether you have Parental Responsibility for your children, please seek advice from a member of our team.
Assisting through Mediation
Whilst we do direct a number of matters through Mediation, this does not mean that you cannot have legal advice throughout the process. We can advise and assist you through the Mediation process and arrange thereafter to draw up formally any agreement reached be this by way of a Consent Order in divorce proceedings or simply to record in an open document the agreement you have reached at Mediation concerning the subject of your dispute.
Property Disputes
Whether you are married or otherwise, or indeed simply have an interest in a property owned by another we can provide you with advice and assistance including;
- Applications to the Court
- Negotiations with all parties
- Advising and assisting you face to face, by telephone or by email.
Collaborative Law
This is an alternative way to resolve family disputes without the involvement of the Court. The Collaborative process requires both parties to have a Collaborative Lawyer and endeavours to resolve any disputes by way of four way meetings. We at Verisona Law can assist you through the Collaborative process. If this is an avenue of resolving dispute that you would be interested in, please contact a member of our team.
We at Verisona Law can provide you with advice and guidance concerning any disputes you may have relating to your child. This may be with whom the child lives, with whom the child spends time with, a specific issue concerning a child or steps that you wish to take to prevent something happening (Prohibited Steps Order). We can also advise you in relation to maintenance disputes with a third party guidance with dealing with the Child Maintenance Service. If you have a query with any issue concerning your child please contact a member of our team.
Change of Name
Please contact a member of our team if you are interested in changing your first or surname to discuss the drafting of a Change of Name Deed. We offer a fixed price for a Change of Name and we can provide you with further information upon request.
I went to Verisona Law because I had been unsatisfied with two previous attempts with other firms. Verisona gave that real sense of service, made.me feel like a client they were happy to assist at all times and ultimately gave the BEST advice and guidance. Dont waste money; go to Verisona FIRST!


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I have always been a fan of wines that are rare and obscure. Back in the 80s, it was Santa Barbara, the Rhone Valley, and Bandol. In the 90s, I found my way to the Languedoc and Roussillon and even some British Columbia wines. In the 00's it was Austria and New Zealand.
Along the way, I dabbled a bit with Argentina and Chile, but never found more than a handful of wines I liked such as the Catena family of Luca and Tikal labeled blends, a stnning Cabernet and Malbec from pal Patrick Campbell of Laurel Glen fame and also some from Paul Hobbs, that also come to mind from Argentina's Mendoza Valley.
That's why when I tasted a delightfully refreshing, summer weight red from Chile, I just smiled.
The 2015 Gonzalez Bastias Pais Matorral is made from 200-year-old Pais vines and is light, juicy and fruity all at the same time.
It's got a sexy, light black raspberry nose and first taste give way to a mouth-filling black cherry wishniak, red licorice, and menthol and herb flavors.
While some may dismiss this bio-dynamic wine as not quite a serious wine, I disagree. It's as much of a fine wine as the hipster loved reds like Chinon and grand cru Beaujolais are. So to me, the 2015 Gonzalez Bastias Pais Matorral is a wine to be taken seriously. You should think that too.
That's why the 2015 Gonzalez Bastias Pais Matorral is today's WineSiders' Wine of The Day!!!

subset: commoncrawl


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Coaching with Keystone
Awakening Possibilities, Supporting Effectiveness
Coaching with Keystone
Awakening Possibilities, Supporting Effectiveness
My Clients
I work with people who want actionable, results-oriented insight on how to take their leadership, communication, and people skills to the next level and become the kind of leader people want to follow.
Seasoned Leaders
You may be a seasoned leader who is in a new role or one who wants to take their work in a new direction.
I work with clients whose new role requires them to 'expand their range'. They often find that they rely upon a few comfortable approaches and now need to explore new ways to adapt and expand their approaches in order to increase their effectiveness across situations.
New Leaders
You may be new to supervision, management or leadership.
I work with clients who were very successful as individual contributors in a group setting but who moved into a position where they, for the first time, are responsible for the work and results of others. They often find that the skills that got them the new role are not the same skills that will make them successful in this new position. I help them learn the skills they need to make new choices and create a new self-awareness that leads to new ways of doing things. They wish to build leadership skills and a leadership presence.
When working with teams, I coach the team as a system. The team has the means within itself to succeed, and I coach them to see this potential.
I observe the team as they work together, then highlight the patterns of team behavior. As a group, we explore what the team does that supports its success and what it does that may be counter-productive.
My Approach
My practice is based on my core belief that the answers lie within my clients. I consider each coaching engagement to be a journey rich with self-discovery and grounded in personal accountability. As we work together, I support clients in the clarification of their goals, open them awareness to the choices available, and work with them to try-on new approaches. We will work based on your goals and intentions from what is, to what is possible.
The key to successful results from coaching lie in conversations that may, at times, leave the client feeling vulnerable, may ask them to examine their habits, to solve problems, to try on new ways of being, and to hold themselves accountable.
As a partner invested in the success of each of my clients, I create a safe and compassionate space while exploring with them the possibilities that linger on the horizon while holding them accountable to the goals they identified.
Possibilities Await
To you, I say: start now toward your waiting possibilities. Why wait?
Complete the interest form below, call 207-632-2170, or email me to schedule a Discovery Call.
During that call, we'll explore the outcomes you want from a coaching engagement. You'll learn a little about my approach and together, we'll see if we'll be a good fit to ensure your success.
As your coach, I will be your success partner and accountability coach! Start your journey to awaken the possibilities that have been nudging you.
What is the difference between coaching and counseling?
Counseling delves into the past of an individual, in order to help make the present better. Coaching looks at the present in order to improve the future.
In essence, coaching is used primarily to improve upon performance or skills, whereas counseling is primarily to help resolve emotional problems and conflicts in interpersonal relationships.
Why does coaching work? It works because with coaching you'll develop better and clearer goals than without. In addition, the synergies between coach and client create the momentum and accountability that result in actually achieving the goals.
As a result of coaching, the client will develop new skills and awareness which translates into greater success.
How will I know if you're the right coach for me? The basis of a successful coaching engagement is finding the right fit between coach and client. Before I begin any coaching engagement, I offer a complimentary session where we can determine if the work you want to do and our styles are a good fit.
Get Weekly Leadership Tips
Join my list to get weekly leadership tips delivered to you.


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Bruce M. Beehler - Natural Encounters: Biking, Hiking, and Birding Through the Seasons and Birds of Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia
An ornithologist and research associate in the Division of Birds at the National Museum of Natural History, Beehler has been studying and admiring wildlife in the D.C. area for some thirty years. In Natural Encounters he gives us a personal tour of the region's outstanding natural features, illustrated by his own diary entries, field trip notes, photos, and half-tone wash drawings. For a close look at the region's 400 bird species, Beehler's Birds of Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia features detailed information on bird behavior and habitats along with advice on bird watching both in the backyard and on extended expeditions.


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by Taiwo Damilola
Speaking of warning shots, 'I dey Tell U' is as much warning as anyone can get. Bankole David goes hard on this track in Yoruba and some pidgin english. The Festac/Mile2 rapper is a member of the 'Ghetto Squad' alongside CartiAir, Menis & AK. Check the track out below and leave your comments.
One comment
luvly post,kip it goin,omawunmi u knw go kil person wit ya music.lol


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Successful Personal Injury Cases
A 37 year-old man was severely injured in a head-on motor vehicle collision while driving home from work. Client went on to have three back surgeries, including a two level low back fusion and a permanent nerve stimulator. Client was later determined to be totally and permanently disabled from work as a result of the accident.
A 29 year-old retail sales clerk, suffered multiple fractures in his right leg and ankle in multiple vehicle collision which occurred on a three lane divided highway. The incident consisted of two separate collisions involving three vehicles. A sedan traveling in the far right lane collided with a tractor trailer which was traveling in the center lane. As a result of contact with the truck, the sedan spun across two lanes of traffic and came to rest against a guardrail in the left travel lane. Plaintiff was traveling in the left travel lane before the collision and struck the sedan traveling at 70 mph. We recovered the majority of the settlement from the owner of the tractor trailer.
Client was a 30 year old woman who was injured when she fell from a 2nd floor balcony as a result of a poorly maintained railing. Our client suffered a fractured pelvis and permanent back pain which required the implantation of a permanent spinal stimulator. On the date of the accident, she was a tenant living in a multi-family dwelling in Springfield, Massachusetts. Alekman DiTusa, LLC successfully sued the owner of the apartment building and the property management company for failing to maintain the railing in a reasonably safe condition and for violating the warranty of habitability.
A 57 year old woman tripped and fell down a defective stairway at work, striking her head. Immediate investigation discovered that the fall was caused by a worn vinyl stair covering. Client sustained mild traumatic brain injury.
A 22 year old male involved in roll over accident sustained a fractured ankle. Ankle required surgery with permanent internal fixation. We filed suit against multiple parties, including claims for products liability and negligent maintenance.
A 51 year old passenger was injured in a one vehicle car accident. Vehicle lost traction while crossing through an intersection due to liquid calcium chloride left on the road by a construction company fixing the road. Client sustained permanent injuries to her neck, arms and legs.
49 year old woman sustained fractured wrist when a public transportation van crossed into her lane of traffic and struck her vehicle head on. Evidence obtained in litigation determined that the driver of the van was under the influence of prescription pain medication at the time of the collision.
Husband and wife involved in NJ rear end motor vehicle accident. Both occupants sustained soft tissue neck and back injuries which required extensive chiropractic treatment.
A 15 year old girl was bitten by a neighbor's dog which resulted in permanent facial scarring. Dog had no prior incidents of biting.
A 34 year old car salesman suffered a permanent back injury in minor car crash at work.
A 17 year old pedestrian was struck by motorist while crossing the street within the confines of the marked crosswalk. She sustained a fractured leg and fractured arm which required permanent internal fixation.
A 26 year old man was injured while attempting to escape his attic apartment during a fire. On the date of the fire, our client was a tenant living in an illegal attic apartment. The attic apartment had only a single exit (instead of two exits as required by the Massachusetts Building Code). On the night of the fire, the only exit stairway was engulfed in flames and our client was forced to jump out of the third floor attic window. He sustained a fractured left foot, fractured pelvis, left sacral fracture, fractures of the L4-L5 vertebrae and a non-displaced ulnar styloid fracture. We were able to recover against the landlord who had failed to maintain the building in compliance with the Massachusetts Building Code.


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Here is what my neighborhood looked like this morning. Usually when things go winter around here, I get asked (told?), "you didn't walk TODAY did you???"
Yes. I walk everyday. Walking is the best pose you can do for your body, yogis. And walking on varied surfaces is important for all kinds of reasons. Mostly this morning, my lateral hip muscles got a bit of challenge. These are called the Tensor Fascia Lattae. Which always makes me want coffee. But I had it before I left the house and I LOVED my morning practice of "walkasana" in the snow. See:


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Exclusive C5 and Accord Tourer viewing
* First UK viewings * See Honda's Accord Tourer... * ... and Citroen's C5 Tourer...
What Car? is offering six readers the chance to take part in an exclusive preview of two new estate cars the Citroen C5 Tourer and Honda Accord Tourer.
Readers taking part will be among the first in the UK to see the cars, and we'll be asking you to give your opinions for publication in What Car? magazine and online at whatcar.com.
The private preview will take place from 5.30-7.30pm on Wednesday, 7 May at What Car?'s studios in Teddington, West London.
Well be asking for your views on their design, ergonomics and specification your comments will be published in the August issue of What Car? magazine, along with your photo. Youll also be asked to speak briefly on camera for footage at whatcar.com.
Please note that this is a static viewing of the cars you wont be able to drive it at this event.
If you would like to take part, just e-mail us by clicking [](mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com?subject=Estate double bill)here by midnight, Sunday, April 27, including the following: where you'll be travelling from on the day, what car you currently drive, your mobile number and a few lines on why you want to see the Citroen C5 and Honda Accord Tourer estates.
We'll get in touch the following day if you've been successful, with further details of the event.


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Ghana international Andy Kyere Yiadom has been chosen as Reading FC best 2019 summer signing.
The Ghanaian lateral defender pulled 62 per cent of fans' votes in a poll organized by football.london. His closest rival was Iranian enforcer Ezatolahi who clucked 23 percent of the votes.
The Black Stars right-back was also adjudged by the fans as the player with the best impression so far in two and half months with 26 percent of those who took the survey saying he has been the most outstanding player in the whole squad.
Yiadom joined Reading from Barnsley in June and has already featured in 13 championship games scoring one goal and providing one assist.


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- Oceanography
Bringing up the problem of ice shelf melting
- H. Jesse Smith
Warm water intruding from below is heating up the ocean that covers the continental shelf of Antarctica. Schmidtko et al. report that Circumpolar Deep Water has been warming and moving further up onto the shelf around Antarctica for the past 40 years, causing higher rates of ice sheet melting (see the Perspective by Gille). These observations need to be taken into account when considering the potential for irreversible retreat of parts of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
- Animal Physiology
Eels shock their prey into risky behavior
- Sacha Vignieri
Electric eels can deliver a shock powerful enough to immobilize a horse, but their true targets are smaller fish and invertebrate prey. Now, Catania suggests that electric eels "remotely control" their prey's movements. The electrical discharge causes whole-body contraction and twitch in the prey by affecting motor neurons rather than muscles directly. This first stimulates prey to move and reveal itself and then to freeze, allowing its capture.
Science, this issue p. 1231
- Inflammation
A two-cell collaboration for inflammation
- Kristen L. Mueller
Immune cells called neutrophils are first responders to infection. Neutrophils move within and through blood vessels to get to sites of infection quickly. Sreeramkumar et al. found that mouse neutrophils rely on platelets to help find such sites. Neutrophils extended protrusions into blood vessels. When these protrusions came into contact with platelets, the neutrophils migrated into the surrounding tissue to carry out their inflammatory functions. Preventing these neutrophilplatelet interactions alleviated collateral inflammatory damage to tissues in several injury models in mice.
Science, this issue p. 1234
- Chemical Kinetics
Theoretical chemistry can withstand the pressure
- Jake Yeston
Theoretical methods can predict the chemical consequences of a discrete molecular collision in exquisite detail. However, practical chemistry, whether in a flame, in Earth's atmosphere, or in an industrial reactor, involves billions of trillions of such collisions. Predicting the aggregate reaction rate requires an accurate means of treating the pressure dependence. Jasper et al. present such a method, which shows strong agreement with experimental measurements (see the Perspective by Pilling). Unlike past approaches that require parameters derived from empirical fits to data, the new technique relies strictly on simulations.
- Herpes Simplex Virus
Epigenetic control during herpes virus infection
- Angela Colmone
Epigenetic modifications are a sort of genetic metadata—they alter gene expression without changing the underlying DNA. Hill et al. hypothesized that epigenetic modification could be exploited for treating herpes virus infection. Herpes virus infection and reactivation from latency depends on the histone demethylases LSD1 and JMJD2, which are responsible for making epigenetic marks on chromosomes. Epigenetic modifications inhibited viral infection in animal models that represent three different stages of herpes simplex virus infection: suppression of primary infection, a block to subclinical shedding, and reduction in recurrent lesions.
Sci. Transl. Med. 6, 265ra169 (2014).
- Human Capital
An ounce of prevention is better than violence
- Gilbert Chin
Children and adolescents spend a large fraction of their lives in schools. Many discussions about improving adult behavior focus on improving cognitive skills. Nevertheless, retrospective analyses also highlight the importance of noncognitive skills. Heller reports on the positive effects of a Chicago program that offered disadvantaged youths 25 hours per week of summer employment. Youths enrolled in this program committed fewer violent crimes for at least a year after the summer job ended.
Science, this issue p. 1219
- Valleytronics
Using light to manipulate atomic valleys
- Jelena Stajic
The electronic structure of atomic layers of transition-metal dichalcogenides, such as WSe2, has two distinct valleys with equal energies. Knowing which valley an electron comes from can make it a carrier of information. Kim et al. used optical methods to distinguish between the valleys. They shone circularly polarized light on a sample of WSe2, which caused the energy needed to create an exciton—a bound state of an electron and a hole—to shift in one valley but not the other. The method may enable the manipulation of the valley degree of freedom for use in quantum information processing.
Science, this issue p. 1205
- Transcription
Unpacking for travel to the nuclear interior
- Guy Riddihough
The position of a gene within the cell nucleus is correlated with its activity. Those near the nuclear periphery are generally repressed, whereas those in the center are (or will be) active. It is not clear whether this relocalization is a cause or a consequence of gene regulation. Therizols et al. found that transcriptional activation or simply chromatin decondensation both drove the relocation of genes to the interior of the nucleus. The nuclear position was maintained in daughter cells, suggesting that the cell has an epigenetic memory of the gene's position within the nucleus.
Science, this issue p. 1238
- Plant Genetics
Dominance cascades in self-incompatibility
- Laura M. Zahn
Plants often cannot use their own pollen to set seed. This is known as self-incompatibility. Although some of the underlying genetics and mechanisms of self-incompatibility are understood, the evolution and maintenance of the system have remained mysterious. Durand et al. identified a collection of small RNAs and their respective matching targets within a self-incompatibility locus in Arabidopsis halleri. A subset of these alleles functioned in a dominant manner, which helps to explain how self-incompatibility is maintained.
Science, this issue p. 1200
- Biochemistry
Cancer by activating a binding partner
- Nancy R. Gough
Some cancers are associated with mutations that increase the activity of members of the EGFR family of tyrosine receptor kinases, such as HER1. Although HER3 has little kinase activity, it can contain cancer-associated mutations. HER3 binds to other EGFR family members that do have kinase activity. Littlefield et al. crystallized the kinase domain of HER1 bound to the kinase domain of normal HER3 or HER3 with cancer-associated mutations. Cancer-associated mutations in HER3 increased its binding to and allosteric activation of HER1.
Sci. Signal. 7, ra114 (2014)
- Lunar Geology
Lunar magnetism persisted via dynamo
- Margaret M. Moerchen
Today the Moon has no magnetic field, but this was not always the case. Remnant magnetization in lunar rock and crust samples indicates that substantial fields existed billions of years ago. Weiss and Tikoo review how modern magnetic studies have established that these fields were powered by a magnetic dynamo that lasted from 4.2 to 3.56 billion years ago. However, the possible mechanics behind the dynamo, such as mantle precession or core crystallization, remain under investigation. To find out how and when the dynamo came and went now requires improvements in magnetohydrodynamic models and more accurate paleointensity measurements, possibly even those that show the field direction.
Science, this issue 10.1126/science.1246753
- Cell Competition
Cell competition and immunity
- Beverly A. Purnell
Even in what appears to be homogeneous tissue, cell variability exists. The presence of mutant cells can compromise the functional integrity of a tissue and ultimately the organism's health. Cell competition is an internal cell surveillance mechanism that monitors cell fitness to eliminate compromised cells and prevent them from contributing to the tissue. However, how cells recognize fitness differences has remained elusive. Meyer et al. report that this recognition uses signaling pathways from the innate immune response system. Cell-cell differences in fitness activate distinct NF-κB/Rel factors in the weaker population that lead to activation of distinct pro-apoptotic genes, leading to cell death in the losing cells.
Science, this issue 10.1126/science.1258236
- Heavy Fermions
Teasing out the topological character
- Jelena Stajic
When theoretical physicists proposed the existence of an exciting class of materials called topological insulators (TIs), they had in mind a material that is electrically insulating in the bulk but conducts electricity on its surface. Experimentally discovered TIs, however, still have considerable bulk conductivity. Theoreticians then noticed that the material SmB6, which has long been known as an insulator with peculiar conduction properties, may be a TI. However, confirming that SmB6 is a TI has been an arduous process. Li et al. traced the electronic structure of SmB6 in high magnetic fields and found that it does indeed have two-dimensional surface states.
Science, this issue p. 1208
- Surface Structure
Stabilization of the surfaces of magnetite
- Phil Szuromi
Accurate structures of iron oxide surfaces are important for understanding their role in catalysis, and, for oxides such as magnetite, applications in magnetism and spin physics. The accepted low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) structure for the surface of magnetite, in which the bulk surface termination undergoes an undulating distortion, has a relatively poor agreement with experiment. Bliem et al. show that the LEED structure is much more accurately described by a structure that includes subsurface cation vacancies and occupation of interstitial sites (see the Perspective by Chambers). Such cation redistribution occurs in many metal oxides and may play a role in their surface structures.
- Paleoclimate
Greenhouse gases drove African rainfall
- H. Jesse Smith
Much of equatorial Africa suddenly became much wetter ∼14,700 years ago, ushering in an "African Humid Period" that continued well into the Holocene. Why? Otto-Bliesner et al. use a climate model to show that a reduction in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) at the beginning of the last deglaciation caused a reduction in precipitation in northern and southeastern equatorial Africa. When the AMOC became stronger again, wetter conditions developed in response to a combination of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations and strong summer sun. As atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations continue to increase, these results may have implications for the future of African hydroclimate, water resources, and agriculture.
Science, this issue p. 1223
- Structural Biology
Watching a protein molecule in motion
- Valda Vinson
X-ray crystallography has yielded beautiful high-resolution images that give insight into how proteins function. However, these represent static snapshots of what are often dynamic processes. For photosensitive molecules, time-resolved crystallography at a traditional synchrotron source provides a method to follow structural changes with a time resolution of about 100 ps. X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) open the possibility of performing time-resolved experiments on time scales as short as femtoseconds. Tenboer et al. used XFELs to study the light-triggered dynamics of photoactive yellow protein. Electron density maps of high quality were obtained 10 ns and 1 µs after initiating the reaction. At 1 µs, two intermediates revealed previously unidentified structural changes.
Science, this issue p. 1242
- Geology
What drives Earth's thermodynamic engine?
- Julia Fahrenkamp-Uppenbrink
The asthenosphere lies right below Earth's tectonic plates. The asthenosphere is a thin layer of partially molten rock that has long been thought to play a minor role in Earth's thermodynamic engine. In a Perspective, Anderson and King highlight recent studies that point to a much more active role for the asthenosphere. They argue that this layer is hotter than the mantle below. It may thus be a source of hotspot volcanoes that have been widely attributed to plumes rising up from the lower mantle. Furthermore, model studies suggest that the asthenosphere has a strong effect on patterns of mantle flow.
Science, this issue p. 1184


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Car Rental Darwin Airport
Darwin Airport is the gateway to the stunning wilderness of Australia's Top End. Some of the most unique and diverse environments on the planet are just a few hours' drive from where you land.
Explore the pioneering atmosphere of the city of Darwin and its surrounding beaches before heading out to Litchfield and Kakadu National Parks which are just a few hours' drive away. With a hire car from Selective Car Rentals Darwin Airport, you can experience these natural wonders at your leisure.
Step off the plane and visit our friendly support team who can advise you on the best value car hire deals available at Darwin Airport so you can start exploring straight away
If you're not ready to get behind the wheel just yet and are looking to visit the city first, you can pick up your rental car in Darwin city centre,
To ensure you get the perfect vehicle for your needs, book ahead.
Services Offered by Selective Car Rentals at Darwin Airport
Hiring a car from Selective Car Rentals at the Darwin Airport gives you the freedom and flexibility to make the most of your visit to the Northern Territory. No matter if you're travelling alone or in a group, we've got your car rental requirements covered.
We have and extensive range of vehicles, in both manual and automatic models, ranging from small, 4-seater cars right through to 12-seater vans. Ask about our exceptional weekly and longer term car rental deals to access even greater discounts and make the most of your Northern Territory holiday.
Our competitive prices, friendly service, and modern, reliable vehicles, ensure you get the best car hire deal available when you arrive at Darwin Airport. We don't penalize drivers under 25 and will add a second driver at no extra cost.
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Darwin Airport
Darwin Airport is a mere 13km from Darwin city centre and is your gateway to the Outback and many of the best sites and scenery in the Northern Territory. Hiring a rental car at Darwin Airport means you can start exploring the moment you step off the plane.
International and domestic flights arrive and depart from the same terminal.
The Airport has a broad range of facilities including conveniently located ATM's, free Wi-Fi throughout the airport, baby change rooms, foreign exchange services, baggage trolleys and a range of food and beverage options.


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In collaboration with textile designer Kat Phillimore. HEW X KAT Shirt in Wattle It Be print depicts Australian flora and fauna in a painterly, watercolour style on a navy base.
The HEW shirt is a classic cut crafted in a soft fabrication. It features a button down collar, and navy matte buttons. Crafted in 100% Cotton and made in Melbourne. Print designed by Kat Phillimore.
Fits beautifully, wonderful colours.


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9 Universities of United States Visit UNS
Thursday, 6 November 2011, in Ruang Sidang I Rectorate Building, UNS welcomed a delegation of leaders from 9 universities of United States which are members of consortium "Global Associates Knowledge Network of the University Professional and Continuing Education Association".
This meeting was aimed to explore partnership opportunity between those universities with UNS in several scopes such as academic partnership, research, etc.
The nine universities are: Brown University, Syracuse University, California State University, Long Beach, Kansas State University, University of Massachusetts Boston, University of Mississippi, San Diego State University, La Salle University, and The George Washington University. Also included in the delegation are two representative from ACCESS Education. Those delegations were welcomed by Rector of UNS, Vice Rectors, Senior Advisor for Rector, Deans, Director of Postgraduate Program, and also International Office as the host.
In his speech, Rector of UNS, Prof. Dr. Ravik Karsidi, M.S. highly appreciated the visit of those delegations to encourage UNS international partnership with universities in the United States specifically in academic fields. The Rector also expected both parties to intensify meetings and discussion to follow up the partnership agenda.
Brook W. Ross, the director of ACCESS Education, mentioned that the day of the meeting was exactly the first anniversary of President Barrack Obama and President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono signing Bilateral Agreement between Indonesia and the United States. The agreement includes collaboration in education fields, especially in higher education. Thus, the delegations were very glad to visit UNS to explore possible collaborations. He expected that the collaboration could be realized in research collaboration, student exchange, or faculty exchange, etc.
The Vice Rector for Academic Affairs, Prof. Drs. Soetarno, M.Sc, Ph.D, delivered a high expectation that the meeting could be an initiation for further collaboration between UNS and those 9 universities of United States as UNS has already established good partnership with University of Pittsburgh and Florida State University.
In the end of the meeting, Prof. Dr. Ravik Karsidi, M.S. delivered a closing remark about his expectation, "I would be very happy if all of you can come to my university again someday, and I will be honored of that".


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On July 4 2014 I will embark on an unforgettably life changing journey to Cambodia with Inspired Adventures, Baptist World Aid and Food for the Hungry. We will spend 5 days bike riding and 2 days hiking around Cambodia visiting some of the highlights of Cambodia and the projects that Baptist World Aid are working on.
Most importantly, we will be raising awareness of poverty and the global food crisis and helping put an End to World Poverty. Please help me fight poverty and sponsor my trip. I have made lots of progress but I still have some distance to go.
All donations are greatly appreciated.
If you would like to find out more about my journey, please Click Here. If you would like to sponsor me you can make a tax deductible donation here. If you would like to find out more, Click Here for FAQ's or here to contact me.


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THE New Saints may be the current giants of the Welsh Premier, but Nigel Adkins remembers when another side were the league's unbeatables.
That team was Bangor City, who Adkins led to their first League of Wales title in 1994 after taking over from Paul Rowlands as manager in October of that season.
What's more, the former Tranmere and Wigan goalkeeper repeated the feat the following season – which made it all the more bizarre that he was sacked by the Gwynedd club the following season.
Now Adkins is working his magic at current League One leaders Scunthorpe United, who look more like a Championship side with every victory.
After his predecessor left for Sheffield Wednesday earlier in the season, Adkins took over as caretaker manager and was given the job full-time in December following three wins and just one defeat in his first six games in charge.
Since then he has led the Irons nine points clear at the top after an astonishing run of 10 wins from 15 games.
Bangor fans who remember his regime will not be surprised Adkins has been an immediate success.
"I'd like to think the team we had at Bangor was a special team," he said. "I don't think there would have been many teams in the history of the Welsh League who have played as well as that. They were a special group of guys playing a special kind of football. I'd run a Sunday league team for 10 years since I was 18, so it was a natural progression, something that just happened," he said of taking over at Bangor.
Adkins still brought in new faces, however, signing his former Wigan colleagues Jimmy Carberry and Steve Appleton in defence, and Dele Adebola in attack.
In the summer after securing Bangor's first title, Adkins signed one Marc Lloyd Williams from Porthmadog. "Jiws", who is now back at Farrar Road went on to become the Welsh Premier's all-time top scorer.
"I got Jiws from Porthmadog, and he came along and hit it off straight away with (striker) Frank Mottram. They were both fantastic for us," he said.
"We sold Jiws to Stockport and then he flitted around between a few different clubs, but I like to think we got the best of him. He's still scoring goals – he was always a goalscorer."
After another successful season in 1994-5, Adkins was sacked in 1996 following an early Welsh Cup exit and a 4-0 defeat to Conwy United. Having qualified as a chartered physiotherapist, however, he was soon recruited to Scunthorpe United.
"I was devastated by the whole situation, but I got an opportunity to go to Scarborough to work with Mick Buxton, where I could develop the skills I'd learned in qualifying as a physio," he said.
"We're a small club and you learn how you're part of the management structure, you get to know lots of people's different roles, you get to know all the problems that go on, how to deal with situations, and it's been and advantage to learn that way. Everyone was expecting the bubble to burst– we've had two promotions anyway, so we've done ever so well, but now we could get to the championship."
Adkins record at both Scunthorpe and Bangor speaks for itself, but one regret he harbours is he wasn't allowed to develop a youth academy.
"I was disappointed that we couldn't see the fruition of that at the time," he said.
Adkins still keeps an eye on goings on in Wales – before he took over at Scunthorpe the Irons were knocked out of this season's FA Cup by Wrexham, and he cites the performance of Steve Evans in the 2-0 defeat at Glanford Park as an example of the talent available in the Princiaplity.
"Big Evans who played for TNS did a fantastic job for Wrexham – he gave us all sorts of problems," he said.


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My Hero Academia has swept the world as one of the most beloved anime of recent years. One reason for that is the fantastical quirks (superpowers) on display. Who hasn't seen a superhero and wished to have their powers?
Well, hold onto your All Might action figure, because we are about to "go beyond" the world of anime, into the animal kingdom, and show you how 10 crazy quirks are real, in use by creatures every day.
10. Explosion – Katsuki Bakugo & the Bombardier Beetle
The fiery-tempered
The bombardier beetle has a comparable ability to protect itself. This bug keeps two reactants, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroquinone, in separate bodily chambers. When threatened, it combines them with catalytic enzymes to blast the mixture at 212°Fahrenheit (100° C). If
9. Acid – Mina Ashido & the Wood Ant
Mina Ashido is nothing if not unique. Aside from her visibly freaky appearance, Ashido possesses a truly formidable quirk: the power to excrete acid from her body. She controls the strength and thickness of the acid, and thus can up its strength to attack opponents or dilute it to use on the ground as a "slip-and-slide" travel technique.
In the same vein,
8. Hardening – Eijiro Kirishima & the Pangolin
Ejiro Kirishima is a literal blockhead. His quirk, hardening, allows him to make parts of his body or the entire thing as hard as stone: an awesome ability for either offense or defense. And truly, the only thing in My Hero Academia that is tougher than his hide is his loyalty to his friends.
Pangolins, insectivores by nature, don't have
7. Electrification – Denki Kaminari & the Electric Eel
The endearing Denki Kaminari stands out in a sea of electric-superpower users due to one fact: the strength of his attack determines the strength he himself gets zapped. Denki has the ability to discharge large amounts of electricity through touch or in a small location through the ground. But, if he goes over his power limit, he will short-circuit his brain, turning him into a lovable dufus for an hour.
Electric eels are like Denki but without the brain-shortage weakness. When hunting or warding off predators, electric eels can release charges up to 800 volts (more than 6xs a standard US wall socket). However, a large part of this electric current is thought to dissipate in the water, protecting the eel's organs. So, maybe Denki just needs to set up shop as an underwater hero.
6. Invisibility – Toru Hagakure & the Glass Squid
One of the most charming characters of My Hero Academia is one we never actually see. Toru Hagakure has the quirk of invisibility, meaning she is transparent. We only know her location due to the clothes she wears (and that's usually only a pair of gloves and boots).
The glass squid is probably the closest thing to this brand of invisibility in the real world. These creatures of about 50-100 mm are almost completely transparent except for their eyes and a sparse number of organs. If you're ever in a game of hide-and-seek with Hagakure or a glass squid, you might want to save some time and just take the "L."
5. Blood Control – Vlad King & the Texas Horned Lizard
Not going to lie: Vlad King is a weird one. His quirk allows
The Texas Horned Lizard has a shockingly similar trait. When threatened, the Texas Horned Lizard actually shoots streams of blood from its eyes that can reach as far as four feet. Though the Texas Horned Lizard can't harden the blood, I'm still certain even Vlad King would be impressed with it.
4. Tail – Mashirao Ojiro & the Spider Monkey
Here we have a solid, simple quirk: Mashirao Ojiro has a tail. But, it's the details of such and how he uses the tail that make Ojiro special. His prehensile ("gripping") appendage is bulky and acts essentially as an extra arm: strong enough to support his weight or even break objects made of metal.
The tail of a spider-monkey is long and lanky, but no less useful. Like Ojiro's, a spider monkey's tail is prehensile and able to hold their full body weight. Although, breaking metal objects is a bit out of reach for spider monkeys, so props to Ojiro (that guy never skips "tail day" at the gym).
3. Zoom – Mei Hatsume & the Eagle
The boisterous tinkerer of My Hero Academia, Mei Hatsume, has incredible eyesight (though she'd probably rather have you looking at her inventions than her eyes). Even if she doesn't always use her quirk, it allows her to zoom in on objects and see details up to 5 km (approx. 3.1 mi) away.
Eagles are the top dogs in the long distance eyesight game. They can see prey up to around 3.2 km (approx. 2 mi) away and have a focus shifting ability that is a lot like the zooming-in Hatsume does. Not to mention, eagles can see a wider range of colors than humans. Although, Hatsume will probably come up with a gadget to fix that.
2. Decay – Tomura Shigaraki & Erwina Bacteria
Tomura Shigaraki is an absolutely fascinating villain in My Hero Academia with a fascinating quirk to match. He can advance the decay of anything he touches. Independent of the object's status as organic or inorganic, Shigaraki can make anything crumble to dust in seconds by simply laying his hand on it.
Erwina is a type of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria that causes bacteria
1. One for All – All Might & the Mantis Shrimp
All Might has saved the world of My Hero Academia so many times that he is known as "The Symbol of Peace," and this is all due to the quirk he inherited: One For All. Though, this quirk is a bit hard to quantify.
It allows the user to access power (or "potential energy") stockpiled from previous holders of the quirk before it was passed down. In short, it tremendously enhances the user's strength. One of All Might's punches was even powerful enough to affect the atmospheric pressure and change the weather.
The mantis shrimp however is close to actually matching All Might's cartoonish levels of power. A punch from a mantis shrimp travels about 80.4
It's so fast, the punch lowers the pressure of water in front of it, causing the water to boil and emit a flash of light. The shrimp accomplishes all this by using its muscles to store potential energy like a loaded spring gun, but a lot stronger. So when All Might or the mantis shrimp say "I am here," they make it well known.
Honorable Mention:
Frog – Tsuyu Asui (Su) & the Frog
With a quirk like "Frog," this comparison is a bit of a given, but I'd be remiss not to mention it. Su has an amalgamation of various frog and toad abilities. She can leap great distances, use a powerful extended tongue, and swim exceptionally well (like most frogs in general), as well as cling to walls and camouflage (like tree frogs).
In addition, Su can regurgitate the contents of her stomach like certain breeds of toad can. Suffice it to say, if a frog or toad can do it, there's a strong chance Su can do it too.
My Hero Academia Is Realer Than You Thought
My Hero Academia inspires fans worldwide to rise up and be heroes in their own ways, but looking closer, we see not only are the heroes' qualities duplicable, but their quirks are as well (at least for animals).
Who knows? Maybe one of you readers will make a gene splicing tool that allows humanity to "go beyond" its current limits and gain some of these animal abilities. And if that's the case, I have two words for you: Plus-Ultra!


text: Vertical Tabs Story Plastic debris on East Beach, Henderson Island. [Photo by Jennifer Lavers] May 26 2017 Have you ever heard of Henderson Island? Probably not. It's tiny. No one lives there. Almost no one goes there. It's just a tiny dot on the map, halfway between New Zealand and Chile. In 1988, that tiny dot on the map became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Why? Because it was a "pristine island ecosystem that...How to Subscribe Currents4Kids is published 38 times per year (once per week except over Christmas and Spring Break) from mid-August until mid-June. A subscription costs $198 and may be used by all teachers and students within one school. To order, visit our order page, contact us by phone, fax, or email, or download and send in an order form. Thank you for your interest.


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Source: USDA APHIS
The USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) announced on Friday that it will continue field evaluation of an oral rabies vaccine (ORV) bait called ONRAB in five states. This year's field evaluation is part of a multiyear study addressing operational questions related to bait density and effectiveness in raccoons, skunks, and other wildlife and is associated with a larger-scale rabies management effort in additional states.
APHIS' Wildlife Services (WS) leads the cooperative National Rabies Management Program that works to prevent the spread of rabies in wildlife. The program currently uses another rabies vaccine to control the disease in raccoons, coyotes, and foxes. The ONRAB vaccine is being tested to determine whether it can more effectively manage rabies in raccoons and skunks.
Beginning this month, WS will distribute more than 2.7 million ONRAB ORV baits in parts of Vermont, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, and West Virginia to test the immune effects in targeted wildlife. WS personnel will sample raccoons and skunks both prior to and following bait distribution to determine vaccination rates.
Field evaluation of ONRAB during 2019 is a collaborative effort among APHIS, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the vaccine manufacturer (Artemis Technologies, Guelph, Ontario, Canada), and state departments of agriculture, health, and natural resources. Distribution of this ORV bait will span portions of:
• Clinton, Essex, Erie, Franklin, Jefferson, Lewis, Niagara, Oswego, and St. Lawrence counties in New York;
• Addison, Caledonia, Chittenden, Essex, Franklin, Grand Isle, Orleans, Lamoille, and Washington counties in Vermont;
• Coos and Grafton counties in New Hampshire;
• Ashtabula, Belmont, Carroll, Columbiana, Geauga, Harrison, Jefferson, Mahoning, Monroe, Portage, Stark, Tuscarawas, and Trumbull counties in Ohio; and,
• Brooke, Barbour, Braxton, Doddridge, Greenbrier, Fayette, Hancock, Harrison, Lewis, Marshall, McDowell, Nicholas, Ohio, Raleigh, Randolph, Ritchie, Tyler, Upshur, Webster, Wetzel, and Wyoming counties in West Virginia.
The ONRAB bait is a blister pack filled with the vaccine and coated with a sweet attractant. When an animal bites into one of the baits it will release the vaccine into their mouth and, with an adequate dose, develop immunity to rabies. Humans and pets cannot get rabies from contact with the bait, but are asked to leave the bait undisturbed if they encounter it. If contact with bait occurs, the contact area should be immediately rinsed with warm water and soap. Each bait carries a toll-free number that people can call if they have additional questions concerning a bait contact.
Rabies is a serious public health concern. While rabies is almost always fatal once symptoms appear, it is also 100% preventable. Human exposures can be successfully remedied if medical attention is sought immediately following exposure. Costs associated with detection, prevention and control of rabies exceed $600 million annually in the United States. According to the CDC, about 90% of reported rabies cases in the U.S. are in wildlife.
For additional information concerning rabies or the ORV program, visit aphis.usda.gov/wildlife-damage/rabies.
More from Farm Journal's PORK:
Feral Swine: USDA Monitors World's Worst Invasive Alien Species
USDA Unveils Feral Swine Eradication and Control Pilot Program


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Luke Cressman
Solutions Architect
Luke is an experienced enterprise solution architect and also leads our performance tuning efforts for our enterprise clients.
Prior to joining Base22, Luke spent more than 12 years as a software engineer for IBM. He was the principle developer of the personalization engine used in IBM WebSphere Portal. Recently, Luke was a member of an elite team of IBM software engineers who worked with IBM's largest clients to solve complex technical challenges.
Project Experience
- UPS – lead architect and developer for translations project to support the globalization of UPSers.com from an authoring and end user experience
- Kemper – solution architect for Kemper.com project to ensure proper installation and performance of all portal systems
- Avery Dennison – performance tuning
- Neiman Marcus – developed tool for exporting WCM Content to PDF
- World Bank – Developed prototype for intranet project that integrated SiteMinder login with RememberMe functionality in portal to personalize portlets and theme based on the logged in/remembered user without requiring true login until a protected resource is accessed.
- Caterpillar – architect and Web Experience Factory (WEF) developer on Advanced Condition Monitoring project that integrated machine statistics into charts in WEF portlets as well as other internal applications surfaced through Web Application Bridge
- Patrimonio – developed a migration tool for migrating PDM documents into WCM 7
- National Australia Bank – Review and analysis of personalization implementation and performance of overall portal and personalization functionality.
- Prisa – Personalization SME on PoC for external site using WCM and inferred user attributes based on previous click stream
- Walmart – developed a post filtering solution to support Walmart's needs to personalize based on 14 user attributes but retain the performance of utilizing cached results across users.
- Michelin – developed personalization solution for the Michelin intranet
- Nissan – project support for personalization, WCM and JCR
- Harrah's – developed personalization solution for their Total Rewards Member site
- Java, J2EE, EJB, XML, JDBC, JSP, JCR
- Performance Tuning
- Ant, C++, Objective-C, Cocoa Touch, Jazz,
- ClearCase, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Agile
- SQL, DB2, Oracle, SQL Server,
- Derby, Eclipse, WebSphere Application Server
- WebSphere Portal, Web Content Manager, Web Experience Factory
- Linux, Unix, Mac, Windows
- IBM Certified Application Developer – IBM Workplace Web Content Management


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On Dec 10, 2014, at 4:47 AM, Steve Langford <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote:
I believe that sufficient time has now passed to give any who would object to the thread being made public enough time to have done so.
Please make the complete thread public. However, it may be wise to eliminate all eddresses. If that does not comport with your sensibilities or capabilities, please at least ensure that none of these
is made public. I apologize again for already having done so, for some of those; which complicates your task, if you choose to proceed.
Thanks for all your efforts. -Steve-
From: Arnie Rosner [mailto:email@example.com]
Sent: Monday, December 08, 2014 6:43 AM
To: s
Subject: Re: Direct is good, yet please allow Mr Mack's ability….
To those of you participating…
Is it your wish for this exchange to be made public?
Please advise?
On Dec 8, 2014, at 3:27 AM, Steve Langford <email@example.com> wrote:
8 December 2014
Charlie, I appreciate your jumping in to defend Sheriff Mack from what you perceive to be my unwarranted attack, but you enter this conversation somewhat late in the game. I think that Sheriff Mack knows where I am coming from and understands that I respect him. He has done lots to identify various sheriffs as constitutional or unconstitutional, I respect those efforts; and I respect that he is still fighting the good fight.
But he also has failed in the past — despite having studied history and having written books about where we have gone wrong — to make the significant changes to our system that we are all now still fighting to make.
So, I regard him as an honorable man who is, just as you say, a "mere" man. But "mere" man or woman, each of us who would be responsible to our heartfelt duty to save our nation must be willing to keep some skin in the game.
I note that Sheriff Mack has written some good stuff in this thread to clarify for us his history, his position, and his plans … and I have told him so. On the other hand, he has remained silent on several aspects of our conversation, and it is my right — and each of your rights — to goad him if necessary to participate by sharing his views on such important topics as how Jim Porter ought to handle the continuing recalcitrance and apparent criminality of his "sheriff" of Montrose County, Colorado, Rick Dunlap — who is also being addressed in this thread and to date has consented to these charges of malfeasance and unlawful disregard for his duty to do his job, through his continuing silence.
It is about time for the people hired as sheriffs to do the difficult jobs they were elected to do! I am here to say that repeatedly, whenever I feel the need to say so. I am also here to say that Sheriff Mack — though no longer in office as a sheriff — as an American is in a unique position to hold moral sway over sheriffs still in office who are not doing their jobs. I really do want to prod him to think more closely than he seems to have done to date about how to bring such rogue sheriffs (of whom there are way too many) back into their line of duty and honor. From all I can tell at this distance from the problems that Jim Porter has detailed — and I might be incorrect in my judgment, because I am a mere man — Rick Dunlap needs either to do his job or to lose it ASAP and be brought to justice.
I urge him to speak in his own defense, should he have any reasonable thing to say to justify his seemingly treasonous inaction. And I urge Sheriff Mack to participate more fully in this conversation, which seeks to dig into the heart of these matters and to get beyond mere rhetoric so as to define fruitful paths toward resolution of the continuing, related problems that burden us all under the current tyranny.
Therefore, Charlie, I respectfully beg your understanding and indulgence.
-steve langford, agent-
-langford: sui juris without prejudice s a-
– – – – –
On 12/7/2014 7:33 PM, "Charlie" wrote:
Gents and Ladies,
Let us all please allow one moment of reason to enter these conversations.
Mr Mack is not identified as an enemy nor can he be identified as a solution within this nation of states….he is a mere man, yet has the presence of some influence.
If his word to aid the Sheriff's in a recent geographic area comes to fruition via, "honor your constitutional oaths ", then we all will witness his ability to influence.
Again, he is one man, that holds the presumed knowledge and ability to state his/and all our rights under God, enumerated and (not), within the law, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution for the untied States of America to these elected Sheriff's.
Mr. Mack should, as We, Notice these very elected men and women receiving claimed commensurate benefit for a duty, AND shall be required to know more than the 2nd Amendment, or the !st,.. it is not a buffet line to pick and choose, for which is neither difficult to learn nor comprehend.
In an attempt to seek justice for more than myself,
Is there any truth to these allegations, Sheriff Dunlap?
What do you think of this situation, Sheriff Mack?
-steve langford, agent-
-langford: sui juris without prejudice s a-
– – – – –
On 12/7/2014 2:35 PM, Jim Porter wrote:
Offer the opportunity to meet with your sheriff, after you request and receive the sheriff's current Oath of Office with the fidelity bond attached. As my sheriff has refused to meet, I publicly exposed my sheriff's Oath with a substitution of a Certificate of Participation from a none insurance provider (holding business for laundering treasury funds) attached as a substitution for the Colorado Revised Statute required fidelity bond. The criminal fraud of attempting the illegal substitution of the Certificate of Participation for a legal fidelity bond, by the Montrose County Board of County Commissioners, in concert with the County Attorney employed in December 2011, entrapped the sheriff as he told me he originally suspected.
My sheriff has refused to meet, to discuss his needed purchase of fidelity insurance as a prerequisite for the capture and arrest of all persons guilty of his entrapment in an illegal scheme due to the unbond-able status of other county government employees and state judicial frauds working as impostors before the People. I need him to bond up, then have provided to me a certificate of liability coverage. Every day he waits, is one day the criminals have to try and cover-up the fraud on the People. Message my sheriff and ask him about his actions, everyday until I get something done.
Please remember; Just because the People elect someone to an office with the belief that person has character and integrity, doesn't mean the someone is actually honest with virtue and integrity. As a candidate may say anything to be elected, the/all bonding companies may find reason to refuse a bonding contract, so the system exposes corruption before a crime can be committed. Then when a board of county commissioners, in concert with the county attorney (legal staff my sheriff wanted to have review my sealed documents) attempt to replace the law and gets caught, a bonded sheriff is a must have to bring Law enforcement to bare. Please read everything you get on the Original 13th Amendment to the Constitution for the united States of America.
Jim Porter
Ridgway, Colorado
From: Steve Langford <email@example.com>
Sent: Sunday, December 7, 2014 11:27 AM
Subject: Fwd: Fw: [Bundy Ranch – Mohave County Convoy] MUST WATCH!
Excellent, Sharon.
Government by bureaucracy should end ASAP.
Restitution of the Original 13th Amendment might well be the best vehicle for straightening out messes such as the Bundys are experiencing.
New information just posted. Authenticated 13th Amendment! Time to take action against the criminal impostors!
the original 13th amendment was not only ratified but calls for immediate removal of and arrest and prosecution of all BAR members – Misrepresentation of Lawful public officers. | Scanned Retina Resource
Stand firmly behind your County Sheriffs when they have the gumption to do their duties. If they don't do their jobs, get rid of them ASAP. Dishonor treason. Nail the treasonous.
-langford: sui juris without prejudice s a-
Tel. 520/297-1245
——– Forwarded Message ——–
Fw: [Bundy Ranch – Mohave County Convoy] MUST WATCH!
Sun, 7 Dec 2014 06:41:04 +0000 (UTC)
I think you will enjoy this. When the BLM held their meeting in Clark and Nye Counties (Southern Nevada) they would not let the citizens speak, so now it looks like the people are going after the commissioners as well as the sheriff.
Nye County Nevada – The people Tell it like it is! We all need to do the same! | Scanned Retina Resource


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Yesterday's News
June 21, 2018
June 21, 1918 Assistant District Attorney Regan visited in town while the City of Seattle was in port. He stated that he noted with pleasure the clean and orderly appearance of the town and complimented officials and citizens generally upon the fact that Petersburg furnishes the court very few cases of law violation.
June 18, 1943 It was a crowd of tired, happy girls which Skipper Harry Colp brought to Petersburg on the Charles T. They were returning from a two-week camping trip at the Allens cabin in Beecher's Pass. Weather was perfect for their stay, with only one day of rain in the ent...
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Banichitra film awards given away in Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar: The annual Banichitra film and album awards to recognise noteworthy performances and contribution to Odia cinema and television were given away at a glittering function at Rabindra Mandap in Bhubaneswar on May 30 on the occasion of the golden jubilee celebrations of Odia film magazine, Banichitra.
Noted dramatist, lyricist and screenwriter, Bijay Mishra was honoured with life time achievement award for his contribution to art and cinema.
Mishra is the recipient of Sangeet Natak Akademi Tagore award in 2012 and was also selected for the Sahitya Akademi award for his book 'Vanprastha' in 2013.
Also Read
Eminent personalities from film, theatre and jatra fraternities along with popular faces from television attended the event.
A total of 57 awards in different categories including art, literature, cinema, plays, dance, song, TV sops and social work were presented during the occasion.
Former Finance minister, Prafulla Chandra Ghadei graced the function as the chief guest and also inaugurated the special edition of Banichitra magazine. The award presentation ceremony was followed by a cultural evening with dance and music performances by artistes.


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Attached please find the latest statistics from the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver.
The News Release starts the summer beating the heat as June mimics previous months in 2018. Comparatively it's not so hot. Supply is compounding to a three year high while demand is shrinking due to the latest usual suspects: interest rates, strict mortgage rules and high prices. These roadblocks for buyers are not only slowing price growth for apartments and townhomes but the sales-to-active-listings ration level indicates detached homes are at the threshold of a buyers' market. Last month total residential sales decline 37.7 percent compared to June 2017. While June to June new listings decrease 7.7 percent the total inventory of listed properties is up 40.3 percent year to year. The composite value of all Metro Vancouver properties is up 9.5 percent last month over the previous June.
The graph shows the average price of Metro Vancouver detached properties diminishing by 1.8 percent from May to June. The benchmark price for detached houses last month compared to June 2017 is up 0.7 percent. The volume of house sales is down year to year by 42 percent.
East side house prices in June record a 0.5 percent increase over June 2017. Year to year Vancouver east detached sales drop 38.2 percent. June to June inventory declines by a significant 26.7 percent.
May to June east side house sales show a downturn by falling 31.2 percent. Month to month east side inventory is down 22.1 percent.


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We want you to nominate your StandUp Champion!
2019 StandUp Champion Awards – celebrating remarkable people, who make the world a better place.
We are encouraging people across the UK to nominate their StandUp Champion – the individual, network, business or not-for-profit organisation that has achieved outstanding results in their work tackling bullying and homophobia in sport, and promoting equality and diversity.
We are looking for the inspirational individual or organisation that has helped you to StandUp against bullying, who goes the extra mile regardless of adversity to help others, or inspires you to do more and be a better you.
The winners will be invited to attend our StandUp Champion Award Ceremony on Thursday 14th November 2019 in London.
Award Categories
StandUp Not-for-Profit Organisation of the Year
StandUp Network or Support Group of the Year
StandUp Business Contribution of the Year
StandUp Individual Contribution of the Year
DEADLINE 31st August 2019 - Please submit your entry on the form below indicating your category.
The winners will be judged by a panel of well-known and respected individuals, whose focus in life and work resonates with our aim of creating a world of kindness and understanding.
Not only will we be presenting StandUp Champion awards, but one of the StandUp Champions will be selected to be the 2019 StandUp Hero, joining Ben Cohen in our very own StandUp Hero Hall of Fame.
This competition is open to individuals, networks, not-for-profits, and businesses.
Upon completing the below, you may also submit a video entry via a URL to YouTube or other video service (limited to 3 mins in length).
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Masaya Hayashi
President & CEO
Previous Conference Program - Bilingual Sessions
Next generation E-commerce is coming - Transition of digital marketing in combination of store and EC
Masaya Hayashi
Today's customers are free from time and place to select and purchase products. What is necessary to attract customers and maximize sales? How can we better connect real stores and EC for the next step? What is next-generation marketing a step ahead? The session explains the latest cases with the results of 1,200 sites.
Digital Transformation for New Business Growth
~How to make subscription business profitable~
Junichiro Kuwano
Representative Director & President
Zuora Japan K.K.
While many companies in manufacturers, cloud business, media and education, are shifting into subscription model, not all companies are successful yet. For consistent profitable subscription business requires totally different business strategy and KPI setting. We will present the "Best Practice" by our experiences supporting more than 1,000 companies in subscription economy.
Future of commerce from three trends
Mark Wang
Japan Country Manager
Shopify Japan K.K.
Nowadays, sales and marketing strategies across online and offline platforms, such as Omni-channel and O2O, are borderless. While these strategies have become more complex overtime, there are many companies around the world that have succeeded in strengthening customer connections through e-commerce. This session will explain the future of commerce from three perspectives: "D2C", "Global Sales", and "Multi-Channel Sales".
IoT powers manufacturing business
Akio Katayama
VP of Engineering
In recent years, with the advancement of cloud computing, cellular network, device, battery, IoT has been used not only to improve operational efficiency but also to provide new value to customers. In this session, the speaker will talk about the recent IoT network technology such as eSIM (cellular) and LPWA, and introduce the latest IoT business use cases by "connected", for example consumer devices, automobiles, home appliances, and industrial equipment.
Strategy for MaaS and mobility system at Bosch
Klaus Meder
President and Representative Director
Bosch Corporation
The automotive industry is facing the era of transportation innovation, and adapting future products and business models became an important key to survival. Bosch, a company leading this transformation with various mobility system products and technologies, will talk about the future strategies with specific examples.
Future of AI and IoT - How will the world change if 1 trillion devices are smartly connected?
Yuzuru Utsumi
Arm is a leading company in the field of semiconductor design and IoT. From founding to present, it has taken a significant role in technology that has greatly changed not only connected devices but also society in the future. The session talks about possibilities of the upcoming society changing with the latest technologies such as AI and IoT, as well as tips for Japanese companies striving for win in the future.
Construction of high-end silicon industrial infrastructure that promotes the realization of the Intelligent Society -Introduction of the forefront of IC/Embedded AI development and application-
Veni Xiong
Shanghai HiSilicon Technology Co., Ltd.
The company has so far provided partner companies with maximum benefits using its latest technologies like semiconductors and AIoT (AI + IoT). Based on the abundant achievements, explanations are given with specific cases, including 8K, AI camera, STB/TV, Smart Home Center and 4G/5G, all of which powered by key capabilities of AIoT chipsets.
AI / IoT strategy of NVIDIA
Hiroki Saito
Director, Industry Group
NVIDIA Corporation
Currently, utilization of AI is one of the most urgent tasks as the labor force shortage has become more serious. This session explains AI/IoT strategies for various approaches in NVIDIA from AI research and development to implementation with examples of autonomous optical inspection(AOI), smart retail, and robotics.
Workstyle reform at Microsoft Japan to accelerate digital transformation
Yoshihiro Yamasaki
Subsidiary BG Lead, Microsoft 365
Microsoft Japan Co., Ltd.
With the aim of creating a strong organization in which each employee can take an active role and use the full ability, Microsoft Japan is working on workstyle reform. The company is promoting reforms through a multifaceted approach including culture, systems, IT environment development, and collaboration promotion. This sessions introduces the approaches to workstyle reform using technology.
Teamwork, Technology, and Preparing for the New Ways of Working
Cal Henderson
Slack Technologies, Inc.
Companies in Japan face challenges promoting "workstyle reforms" and encouraging team innovation. What are the key factors in being successful in fast-moving markets? In this session, you'll explore how working through Slack can accelerate performance, bring bigger gains, and keep your organization competitive as you boldly chart the new ways of working.
Communication changes workstyle and enhances organization
- Points of success from LINE WORKS success cases for SME workstyle innovation
Masa Hagiwara
Executive Officer
WORKS MOBILE Japan Corp.
Japan's workstyle innovation enters new phase. Now the focal is on small and medium-sized companies. While some companies still struggle with finding practical solutions, other companies successfully reform their workstyle and enhance organizational capabilities. What is the ideal approach to get results at customer touch points and in the field? The session explains key points of workstyle innovation for SMEs, introducing user cases of LINE WORKS.
(Honorifics omitted)
Including above 4 bilingual sessions, total 33 sessions were held by industry top leaders!
Click here to see the entire conference prgram (available only in Japanese)
Organiser: Reed Exhibitions Japan Ltd.
Japan IT Week Conference Management
18F Shinjuku-Nomura Bldg., 1-26-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0570, Japan


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Whether we want to admit it or not, we all want to be a part of something, a community of people with similar interests, hobbies or backgrounds that welcome us for who we are.
Rooth: Community Living London offers essential service: Belonging
Whether we want to admit it or not, we all want to be a part of something, a community of people with similar interests, hobbies or backgrounds that welcome us for who we are.
Some of us are lucky. We can float from one community to another because we have the resources or the personality that allows us to do so. Others have to work hard at building a foundation of trust and finding a comfort zone.
Few organizations in London understand what this means better than Community Living London. For over 65 years they've been the heart of community for thousands of Londoners with a mission that is "dedicated to supporting people with developmental disabilities to live fulfilled lives in collaboration with families and the community." They are filling gaps for families with practical, constructive programs and compassion.
Autism funding for children has been on the lips of many Ontarians over the last six months. What's seldom talked about is what happens when children with autism become adults on their eighteenth birthday. Program opportunities shrink drastically. Funding all but disappears. Respite for parents and caregivers is no longer possible. Community, what we all seek and crave, collapses. The daily or weekly programming with friends and peers is no longer an option and these new adults are left to start over.
Enter Community Living London.
The new Club at the Hub program is an extension of their popular Leisure Nights program for participants up to age 17. It will offer "3 hours sessions once every two weeks for a year to adults with autism. Each night offers a variety of activities within the community and at the Hub. These activities will include opportunities for social, educational, recreational, and leisure options based on the interests and needs of participants. Staff are specifically trained to support the unique needs of adults with autism. The program will offer a 2 staff to 1 person ratio to ensure the success and optimal skill development for all."
With enough funding, they can provide this program at a considerably reduced rate to families who are already on a tight budget and in desperate need of respite care.
Having something that is your own is important. A place where you belong and are considered equal in a world full of inequality is pretty special. Isolation and seclusion should never be a part of anyone's life, especially at 18 years of age. Sadly, it happens and will continue to happen if we don't take steps to remove those barriers to inclusion.
As we coast in to the holiday season looking for something to support, think about those young adults who are looking for their place to belong and consider a donation to the Club at the Hub at Community Living London. Your donation can make an immediate impact on a young adult for an entire year of activities, friendships and an opportunity to build their own foundation of community. That's what I call a gift.
To donate, visit cll.on.ca/give-back/make-a-donation. For more details about this program, contact Anna Tavener, manager of development and communications at 519-686-3000 ext. 340.
Sheryl Rooth is a Londoner columnist


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4 Most Common Problems With SR500
Whether or not you're not happy along with your current espresso roaster , you need to probably test this fresh roast SR500 overview out. A look at the SR500 Freshroast which is loads like the fundamental SR300 mannequin, but it has fan velocity management and 3 totally different settings for the heater. With this you may manually "profile" a roast, meaning alter it as you go alongside and, for instance, draw out the time between 1st crack and 2nd crack. It has the identical challenge because the SR300 with initial espresso agitation. However right here I recommend another method to beat it – toggling between warmth and funky at first of the roast.
3:00 into the roast the fan began to sound an increasing number of weak. By three:30 the roaster was useless. I unplugged the unit and tried another outlet. It started up, gave out a puff of black smoke and then went off once more. I made a decision to not attempt to start the unit again for safety sake.
Quick Programs Of SR 500 For 2019
The Nesco only roasts around four ounces per cycle. With a darker roast taking upward of 35 minutes, it may not be the very best for you if it is advisable to roast lots of espresso each week. The good thing is that it seems to be enticing on the counter, so you will not thoughts leaving it out when you have the space.
However for those who treasure the aroma that flows out of your grinder as you begin your morning ritual, then roasting beans at residence can be an effective way to add a new level of freshness to your brew. Other than just being the subsequent step in your quest for the perfect cup, roasting your personal beans brings quite a bit to the desk.
The Latest On Painless SR 500 Methods
I started with the earlier model of the Contemporary Roast, and I used to be pretty disappointed. It was really not way more than a popcorn popper apart from the roast chamber and the chaff collector. The plastic cracked around the opening for the roast chamber after only a few roasts, which prompted it to develop into mis-formed and wouldn't permit the chamber to be set in it.
In case you're anything like us, you are taking your coffee fairly critically. The proper beans, the proper espresso grinder, the proper cup—these items matter whenever you're in love with liquid bliss. However one potential improvement to your brew you might not have thought of is shopping for a espresso roaster and roasting your individual espresso beans at house.
But, back to the SR500. It is a relatively inexpensive machine for roasting very good espresso. The instructions are overly simplified, nevertheless, and not really helpful in getting the sort of coffee you may want. The variations needed for different beans is likely sr 500 to be significantly totally different. Neither is this the sort of roaster you can set & forget for every batch. The truth is that each batch will want a number of changes for greatest outcomes.
The roasts are small however quick. The Fresh Roast is a modestly priced house roaster. How well you may see the beans as they roast is a giant plus. The glass roast chamber and the 2 part chaff collector may be cleaned simply with mild cleaners comparable to Simple Green.
2mins to FC is Caterham Nation. For those who can intercept the dumpster SM's hints for the SR500 counsel reducing charge measurement to extend roasting time. Cutting freshroast sr500 automatic coffee bean roaster one of those roast bens with a blade might confirm the inside temperature isn't maintaining at what, 100C levels per minut.
In case your coffee approaches the roast profile you like earlier than it mechanically reaches the cooling cycle, manually activate the cooling cycle and permit the beans to cool in the chamber. Roasting isn't linear. It accelerates in the later stages. Anticipate, and start to cool the beans just previous to reaching the specified profile.
The Nesco CR 1010 Skilled Espresso Roaster is one other convective, air roaster. What we love about this roaster is the constructed-in catalytic converter, eliminating most of the smoke from the roast. You can regulate all of them while the beans are roasting too, which puts this residence roaster over the top in my books for being an excellent purchase.


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Ladies we love: february edition
Every month we come together as a community and have the privilege of being introduced to a variety of local businesses who are a core part of our community. In case you missed us at our F February Girls Night Out, check out our spotlight businesses who made our event a splash! It's not too late to connect, find them and their contact info below!
A special thank you Bar Louie for hosting us and to all that made this event possible!
quench wellness
susu accessories
in the beginning organics
bella gg boutique
beautycounter with Sharon Mehalek
in light photobooths
Leave a Reply.
Hi, I'm Ashley!
I am a Southside Chicago native, mompreneur, and lover of all things social! I love to travel, meet new people, and practice my role as a self proclaimed food critic & Rosé connoisseur here in the City!
Follow me as I share my experiences through our GNO events and blog!
February 2020


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Last reviewed 31 October 2019
Cold, wintery weather usually brings with it an increase in ill health, especially in communal environments such as schools and early years services where infections are most easily spread. What health problems are commonly associated with winter and what can early years managers do best to ensure the welfare of their children through the winter months? Martin Hodgson investigates.
Being prepared — contingency planning
Illnesses that commonly increase in incidence or severity in cold weather include:
coughs, colds and flu
gastrointestinal infections such as norovirus.
It is important that early years managers are prepared for winter health issues. In particular, managers should recognise that winter bugs and illness are likely to affect staff as well as children. Before cold weather hits, they should ensure that they are prepared to cope with possible staff shortages as well as sick children.
Coughs and colds
Sore throats and colds are perhaps the most common winter health issues. Typically caused by viral infections, the usual symptoms are a cough and a runny nose with the cough often getting worse at night. In addition, a child may have a raised temperature, a sore throat, headache, tiredness and poor appetite. Mucus building up behind the eardrums may cause dulled hearing or mild earache.
Symptoms are worse in the first 2–3 days and then usually ease. In many children, an irritating cough may linger for up to 2–4 weeks after other symptoms have gone.
Occasionally, coughs fail to clear and the result can be a more serious respiratory disease, such as a chest infection.
Flu is an acute respiratory illness associated with infection by an influenza virus. It can be a very dangerous disease for young children, especially those with other long-term conditions.
Influenza usually peaks between December and March. The flu virus is highly contagious and is easily passed on by breathing in the tiny droplets from the breath of infected people. Children are more likely to pass on the illness due to their relatively lower levels of personal hygiene.
The incubation period between infection and the appearance of symptoms is about two or three days. Symptoms include high temperature, fever, headache, sore throats, aches and pains and sometimes vomiting or a feeling of nausea. In most people, symptoms will last for a few days and then the patient will gradually improve. In children, it is common for the cough and tiredness to linger for one to two weeks after the fever has gone away.
In younger children, the pattern of influenza may be a typical influenza-like illness or look like other respiratory tract infections such as croup, bronchitis, or pneumonia.
Children infected with the flu should be kept at home, keep warm, rest and drink plenty of fluids.
The annual flu vaccine is being made routinely available on the NHS as a nasal spray to all young children over the age of two. The policy is currently being rolled out and for 2017/18 parents should check with their GP about eligibility. Children aged two and over with long-term health conditions are strongly advised to have the vaccine.
Children with asthma need to be especially careful in winter as cold air is a known trigger of asthma symptoms, such as wheezing and shortness of breath. Those children with severe asthma may find it best if they stay indoors on very cold, windy days.
Early years managers must make sure that children with asthma have suitable health arrangements and consent forms in place and that each child has a formal health plan agreed with their parents or guardians. This should specify any medication to be given, including any use of inhalers. It should also detail action to be taken in an emergency.
Noroviruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis, affecting approximately a million people in the UK each year. The infection is often known as "winter vomiting disease" as there is always a peak of activity in winter.
Norovirus often causes outbreaks because it is easily spread from one person to another and the virus is able to survive in the environment for many days. Contact with contaminated surfaces or objects, particularly those contaminated with faeces or vomit, can spread the virus, as can consuming contaminated food or water. An outbreak will often affect both staff and children.
The symptoms of norovirus infection begin 12–48 hours after infection. They start with nausea followed by vomiting and watery diarrhoea. Some people may have a raised temperature, headaches and aching limbs. The symptoms will last for 12–60 hours and then subside.
Outbreaks can be difficult to control because of the easy transmission of the disease. The key form of defence is high standards of cleanliness and hygiene.
Preventing the spread of illness
Early years services are an ideal environment for the spread of infection and infectious diseases because of the relatively low state of immunity of children and the difficulties in encouraging them to maintain personal hygiene.
Cleanliness and good hygiene standards are essential to protect both children and staff. Keeping the premises clean and paying strict attention to effective infection control is the best way to prevent the spread of disease.
It is the responsibility of early years managers to ensure that the environment is visibly clean. Toilets and food serving areas should be high priority. There should be adequate hand washing facilities and staff should try to encourage children to observe basic personal hygiene skills, supervising them in washing their hands especially after using the toilet or before eating food. Washing facilities should include hot water, soap (preferably liquid soap) and paper towels rather than fabric towels which can harbour bugs.
Staff should be appropriately trained in infection control and supplied with plastic aprons and waterproof gloves to use when clearing up any spillage of blood or body fluids.
Children and adults should be encouraged to cover their mouths when sneezing or coughing and a ready supply of tissues should be made available to increase compliance in this area.
Enforcing ill-health policies
All early years services should have an ill-health policy. In the winter, it is particularly important that this is enforced.
In general, the policy should state that children who are unwell should be kept at home. Those with a temperature and other specific signs and symptoms, such as diarrhoea or vomiting, should be excluded until they are better, for 48 hours after illness in the case of diarrhoea or vomiting. The "48 hour rule" should be clearly communicated to parents and strictly adhered to.
Failure to implement such an exclusion policy will increase the risks of an illness spreading and affecting many more children.
Staff with diarrhoea or vomiting should also be sent home. They should not return to work until symptom free.
Common colds and coughs can be a difficult area where child exclusions are concerned. In such cases, common sense should be applied.
A child with a minor cough or runny nose who is otherwise feeling well and has no other symptoms will not normally require exclusion. However, exclusion is recommended in the case of:
severe cough, fever, sore throat, rash, vomiting, diarrhoea, earache, etc
excessive irritability or fatigue
a child being too ill to participate in activities.
Infection outbreaks
In the case of an outbreak of diarrhoea or vomiting or any other infection or communicable disease, the early years manager should obtain expert advice from their local public health community infection control team. The service should co-operate carefully with the advice that the team provides.
During an outbreak, ill children should be excluded and environmental cleaning should be stepped up, especially in food serving areas and toilets. Staff should reinforce efforts to ensure good hand hygiene and toys should be cleaned and dried after use. Play with sand or plasticine/play dough should be suspended until the outbreak is over.
All staff should be fully trained to know exactly what to do during an outbreak. Suitable information should be provided to parents.
Further information
An updated version of Guidance on Infection Control in Schools and Other Childcare Settings was published by Public Health England in March 2017
Providers in Scotland should take note of Infection Prevention and Control in Childcare Settings (Day Care and Childminding Settings), published by Health Protection Scotland in September 2015