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Early morning, April four
Shot rings out in the Memphis sky.
Free at last, they took your life
They could not take your pride.
From the song: Pride (In The Name of Love) by U2
The Obama White House is usually spared criticism by our media…so when the 45th Anniversary of Martin Luther King's assassination comes and goes without mention by the WH…there's hardly an outcry. That happened today. Until maybe when someone was surfing Google on their lunchtime, and the WH scrambled to add a brief blog release?
You would think that schools across the USA as led by the White House might have…should have…been more aware for all it teaches about the American experience and cultural significance. That the day before all print media would have gotten releases from a WH seeming always to look for popular tie-ins for self-promotion at the very least, or have the story read from the AM radio shows? Maybe even Google could have highlighted Martin Luther King, Jr. today on its famous home-page with a "Google Doodle" that millions see each day it chooses to do so? But, no.
Odder still, earlier this week on Easter Sunday, many Americans were angered that Google would highlight farmhand rights activist Cesar Chavez – over any recognition of the day being Easter. (In fairness, they haven't highlighted Easter since 2000.) On that Monday, it was realized that Google was actually coordinating a promotion with the Obama White House – which officially decreed the Sunday as Cesar Chavez Day, March 31, oddly to commemorate what would have been his 86th birthday. (His 85th was an election year.) On Easter Sunday, the Obama family went to mass and participated in an Easter roll/hunt on the WH lawn — but across the internet, it was all about Cesar Chavez?
What makes this tie-together, is that the Obama team actually evoked MLK just a few days ago…in promoting the legacy of Cesar Chavez. And it is quite possible that the significance of April 4th, 45 years ago today, went unrecognized?
The actual proclamation of Pres. Obama included this passage:
In 1966, when Cesar Chavez was struggling to bring attention to his cause, he received a telegram from Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. "As brothers in the fight for equality, I extend the hand of fellowship and goodwill," he wrote. "We are with you in spirit and in determination that our dreams for a better tomorrow will be realized."
Well, what was realized today on April 4th, 2013?
In fact, the White House must have been alerted of the 'faux pas' – as a press release/ White House blog mention was released at 4:30 pm today (or about the time most of DC's offices are emptying for the day) in time for the nightly news on the East Coast, of course, to be alerted that the WH cared.
It was posted in the name of a senior advisor, Valerie Jarret — at 4:30 pm.
# # #

subset: commoncrawl


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The Brattle is pleased to be recognized by the Boston Society of Film Critics with awards for our 2017 series A Year of Women in Cinema, and our Robert Mitchum Centennial Tribute. The Brattle was also honored with three Best Rediscoveries Awards for Targets, Seven Beauties, and A Bay of Blood, as well as a Commendation for our support for the DCP of The Friends of Eddie Coyle. Read the full text of the BSFC's announcement →
Virtual Program Highlights:


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Yesterday, we took the boys to Plattsburgh State's annual hockey tournament, the Cardinal Classic. We were lucky enough to have seats right on the ice, which gave the boys plenty of room to move around. The boys seemed to really like watching the hockey players and Irelyn did great at her first hockey game. What I loved most was the homey feel of going to a small town hockey game. I could help picturing our future as we sat there... running into friends at the game and hopefully watching our kids play hockey on the ice. We had so much fun, that we went back today to see the Plattsburgh State win the tournament.
|Mommy and Irelyn at the game.
|The boys loved sitting on the ice.
|Game #2.... I let Payson bring his new camera.


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this thing looks sweet, saw it on ebay, how much did you put the reserve as??
good luck with the sale
4 sale 1980 te-71 levin liftback
1600 2tgeu efi headers n new tuned exhust system
w55 supra 5 spd manual box with TRD 2 way lsd
standard shocks on chopped springs with shitty wheels
dash in good condition all instrument gages work interior is fair
paint comes up sweet as with a wash, its dirty in pics
a few small rust bubbles are starting to show
and small crack in left rear fender flair
car has not been complianced as it is an import
neither has it been regestered in aus yet
not sure what it needs for reg?
car owes me $9000 im after $5000
location: byron bay NSW
call Dan on 0266843580 or text on 0406146116
Last edited by scrape; 9th March 2009 at 01:41 PM. Reason: price drop to 5000
this thing looks sweet, saw it on ebay, how much did you put the reserve as??
good luck with the sale
thanks bro.
reserve was 6k on ebay.
hey crisp 72 man is she moded?
Nice neat car mate something different, i like!
You should compliance it & drive it and people will buzz out!
GL with sale
I wish I could afford this, I hope this unique car goes to someone that takes care of it.
iv seen this car in person...tis really nice!!! shame you cant get it on the road dan
i would get it...only thing is i have no idea how i would get it back to my state..
is that another white one i spy in the background? have pics would love to see it!
this is how i got it on ebay
3t's are crazy as
Last edited by scrape; 22nd July 2009 at 09:47 PM.


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Label: Article 7
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Sam's Corner 19
Ok, so as much as she annoys me, the little blonde terror has actually grown on me. She'll cuddle with me when Daddy is busy. She likes to wrestle and play games with me. She even keeps me company when Daddy has to teach at the police academy. She does have a dark and terrible


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That's Racist – Ep 001: Pokémon
February 4, 2013 | 1 Comment
Welcome to the debut of our new segment, That's Racist. In each episode our residential racial expert, Alex "BossNessMonster", educates the masses on the hidden racial undertones that most of us overlook in everyday life. This week The Boss takes aim at our favorite childhood anime, Pokémon. See what he has to say about the slave trader Ash Ketchum.


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The Big Draw is a national event that takes place through the month of October each year in many different venues. The Big Draw is the world's biggest drawing festival with thousands of drawing activities connecting people of all ages with many different spaces. The Big Draw is for anyone who loves to draw, as well as those who think they can't!
During October, each person in the school was given a Big Draw template to fill in to show visually what makes them unique. We have delighted in viewing all the designs, some with photos collaged, knitting, cut into shapes, as well as fabulous original and personal drawings – thank you to everyone who contributed! The artworks can be viewed in the Art corridor as you come out of the hall.
Download and have a go with our template. Read more about The Big Draw organisation.


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Solomon WILLIS (1827-1899)
The Last Under-Bailiff of Hemel Hempstead
|An Official of the Hemel Hempstead Pie Poudre Court
This striking portrait, from a cabinet card, taken by Julianna Dunn, photographer of Alexandra Road, Hemel Hempstead, was recently advertised on ebay, and I wanted to know more - so I purchased it. It shows a gentleman in "fancy dress" or is it really some kind of uniform?. And could that be a tipstaff he is holding? I wanted to know more.
Julianna Dunn moved to Alexandra Road by 1886, having previously worked for Samuel Glendenning Payne in Aylesbury (1881 census) and her studio was occupied by Henry Bray by about 1916 which gives possible dates - but the cabinet card format suggest it was probably taken before about 1900. The back of the card has the name "Simon Willis" written on the back in an uncertain hand, possibly at a later date when someone was remembering who it was. The first difficulty was that a census search showed no obvious "Simon Willis" associated with Hertfordshire, much less Hemel Hempstead.
However a check of the census showed an interesting character called Solomon Willis, living in Hemel Hempstead, with an even more interesting occupation of Under Bailiff so I decided to investigate.
The starting point is the medieval Court of Piepowders, [more detailed account] which was a court set up to administer justice in a market, where it was necessary to have speedy justice over people who were not permanently resident in the place where the market was held. They existed on the continent in the 9th century and arrived in England after the Norman Conquest. By the 17th century most of their powers had been transferred to the local district courts for practical reasons, and they were discontinued - although they were only officially abolished by the Courts Act 1971, when the only remaining court (which had not sat since 1870) was at Bristol. Interestingly the last sitting of a Piepowders (or Pie Poudre) Court anywhere in the country was at Hemel Hempstead in 1897, prior to the town getting a new charter.
A detailed account of Hemel Hempstead market say that
By 1620 the court has ceased to settle disputes on market days, or at any rate to record them. From this date up to 1897, however, when it was abolished on the reincorporation of the borough, we know that the court met to elect a bailiff on St. Andrew's Day. During the nineteenth century Hemel Hempstead was probably the only instance in Great Britain of a borough "ostensibly controlled by a court of piepoudre, but in reality by the parish and district councils." Its charter had set up a bailiff alone; the jurors of the piepoudre court, over whom the bailiff presided, took the place of burgesses and aldermen. This arrangement survived till 1897, when the town, finding that its unusual corporation was powerless in many matters of local government, petitioned to be reincorporated and governed by a mayor and aldermen. The Full title of the Mayor of Hemel Hempstead is still, however, the "Mayor and Bailiff of Hemel Hempstead."
... To Hemel Hempstead belongs the distinction of being the town in which the last meeting of a piepoudre court was held. This event took place on December 2nd, 1897, immediately after the election of the High Bailiff, as the bailiff of the borough had now come to be called. At this meeting the High Bailiff explained that the object of the court was to "inspect the municipal buildings, per ambulate the market and collect the tolls." He proceeded to discuss with his jurors the new arrangements for lighting and heating the town hall. At the close of the proceedings the High Bailiff remarked that there were no culprits to come before them "either for brawling, drunkenness or other petty offences."
An inventory of 1658 included A brossell staff with a silver toppe to walk with, which in the excitement which followed the proclamation of William and Mary in 1688, was broken and cost 6d. to repair. Could this, perhaps, be the staff seen in the photograph? The account continues:
The duties of the under-bailiff were many. Besides weighing the butter and meat, he had to proclaim all orders made by the court, ring the market bell, pound hogs, "set down in the latter end of the toll book all such cattle as hereafter shalbe cryed as strayes," and weekly "cleanse the markett house and street on payne of losing his place." If the unfortunate man ever resisted the bailiff, set up any stall in the market house or allotted men places contrary to orders he was "to be putt out."
... A pig running wild in the little town was an intolerable nuisance ... and if they come between 7am and 6pm "they are to be pounded by the underbalive in the ordinary hogpound."
So back to Solomon Willis. He was born in 1827 at Wraysbury, Buckinghamshire and by 1851 was working as a grocer's assistant in Berkhamsted High Street. In 1852 he demonstrated exception ability in cricket in a friendly match between the single and married men, held at Boxmoor and the following year he married Sabina, daughter of John Battams, a butcher in Hemel High Street and by the end of the decade was regularly playing for Hemel Hempstead Gentlemen, often with equally impressive results. There can be little doubt that his cricketing exploits were the talk of the town.
At the end of 1859 there was an election for the position of Under Bailiff for the Bailiwick of Hemel Hempstead and there were seven candidates. Solomon Willis got 21 votes and the retiring Under Bailiff, Thomas Finch, got 17. The other 5 candidates failed to get a single vote, and it is interesting to speculate whether Solomon's skill on the cricket field was a factor in the vote.
In 1861 he lived in a High Street property close to The Bury - possibly on a site, now in Queensway. where the fire station and row of shops were built in about 1900. He is described as under bailiff and sausage maker, and perhaps he worked for his father-in-law. In 1872 he asked for an increase in salary because of "the large increase of his duties" but unfortunately his duties are not specified. In addition between about 1878 and 1886 he supplemented his income by running the Compass Public House, on the opposite of the High Street. In 1883 he had gave a ball in the Town Hall celebrating 21 years in the post. In 1888 his duties may well have included a day-to-day overview of the building work on the new Bailiwick buildings to the North of the Market Place, as his name was included on the scroll buried in the foundations. Once the buildings were complete he took up residence in one of the units, with his daughters running a fancy repository in the associated shop. However by 1895 he moved to 153 George Street and in 1898 became simply the town hall keeper. and the Bailiwick, and his job of Under Bailiff was abolished. He died in 1899 and his wife followed in 1905, leaving one daughter in 13 George Street in 1911.
The following account of Solomon's involvement in cricket comes from R. G. Simons' book Cricket in Hertfordshire:
Hemel Hempstead in 1851 was an important town. Its population of 7,073 exceeded that of Watford, and its weekly corn market was the largest in the county. Its two main industries were straw plaiting and paper making. The government of the town was vested in the Bailiff, who was chosen annually. The Under-Bailiff for 39 years and Beadle for 20 years was Solomon Willis, landlord of the Compasses public house and proprietor of a pork butchers in the High Street. He also had a passion for cricket.
Occasional games had been played on Boxmoor for many years, but the Hemel Hempstead club was not formally constituted until 1850, when money was raised to level a piece of land fifty yards square for cricket. "Old Sol" was captain of the team from 1860 to 1886, and his constant enthusiasm provided the foundation of the club's success. With a reputation as an implacable stonewaller, he was always ready to turn out for any team in the locality, appearing at various times for Redbourn, St. Albans, Kings Langley and Abbots Langley. When Twenty Two of the County played Eleven of England at St. Albans in 1883, he batted at number 5 for the home side, but, alas, was one of the eight players who failed to score.
The picture show Solomon Willis as Captain of the Hemel Hempstead Cricket Club between 1860 and 1880. It currently hangs in the Hemel Hempstead Cricket Club Pavilion. [Image kindly provided by Andy Turbutt
Below I record the time line and sources I have used. The newspaper reports come from papers in the British National Archives and there will undoubtedly be many more informative reports in the Herts Advertiser from 1855, and particularly the Hemel Hempstead Gazette from 1867. [Note in 2015 - At least some relevant issues of the Hemel Hempstead Gazette are now online. Some of the references to his roll of under bailiff have been added to the following time line.
|Wraysbury, Bucks
|1851 census
|High Street, Berkhamsted
|Working as a grocer's assistant
|1852 Press Rpt
|[Herts Guardian 28 Aug]
|A detailed account is given of a cricket match between the "Singles" and "Married" men of Hemel Hempstead on Boxmoor. In the first innings the Singles made 66 runs with S. Willis making 33, while in the second innings he mad 32 not out out of a total score of 99. He also succeeded in bowling 5 of the married men out and was responsible for one catch. There are many later reports of his considerable cricket ability in various papers ...
|1853 Jan-Mar
|Strand, London
|Marriage to Sabina Battams (daughter of John Battams, butcher, High Street, Hemel Hempstead)
|1854 Aug-Sep
|Hemel Hempstead
|Birth of eldest daughter registered
|1858 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 19 Jun]
|Hemel Hempstead Gentlemen play Berkhamsted on Berkhamsted common. Willis got the top scores of 32 and 33 in the two innings, and was responsible for 7 of the Berkhamsted Gentlemen's wickets.
|1859 Press Rpt
|[Herts Mercury 23 Jul]
|1860 Press Rpt
|[Herts Mercury 15 Dec]
|1861 census
|High Street
|Described as Under Bailiff & Sausage Maker (at Bury end of High Street)
|1862 Press Rpt
|[Herts Mercury 6 Dec]
|A long press report on the election of the Bailiff ended with the words: Thanks were then given to the Under-Bailiff, Solomon Willis, and after some other business, the Bailiff and his friends adjourned to the Bell Inn, where they partook of an excellent dinner.
|1871 census
|High Street
|Described as Under Bailiff, with wife and three daughters
|1872 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 7 Dec]
|From a longer report on the election of the bailiff:
|1875 Press Rpt
|[Hemel Gazette 4 Dec]
|Court of Pie Poudre - ... Arrangements were made for collecting the Christmas beef fund, for the Hemel Hempstead district. The bailiff, conducted by the Recorder, the ex-bailiff, and the under-bailiff, made the round of the market, visiting each stall from which tolls were received. They afterwards repaired to the Swan Inn, where they partook of the High Bailiff's hospitality in the form of mulled port.
|1878 Directory
|High Street
|Publican of the Compasses Public House and Under Bailiff
|1879 Press Rpt
|[Hemel Gazette 6 Dec]
|Election of High Bailiff - The article discusses the unknown connection with the election of the High Bailiff and St Andrew's Day, and the associated service in the church. The service on this morning commenced at 10 o'clock, and at this hour the retiring High Bailiff. H. Wyman, Esq., accompanied by the Under Bailiff, Mr . Solomon Willis, officially attired, and bearing the staff of office, proceeded to the church ... At the subsequent meeting The High Bailiff said that the Under Bailiff had had extra work this year having been employed on each Sunday, and having had additional work to do at other times. On the proposition of Mr. Pearman, seconded by Mr. Charles Hill, an additional �5 was voted to him. ...
|1881 census
|High Street
|Described as Under Bailiff, with wife and three daughters. The census enumerator assumed that an Under Bailiff must be a farm bailiff.
|1881 Oct-Dec
|Hemel Hempstead
|Death of daughter Emily, 27, registered
|1881 Press Rpt
|[Hemel Gazette 26 Nov]
|The High Bailiff's Dinner ... After something like an hour of social chat the High Bailiff [G. P. Barnard, Esq.], preceded by the Under Bailiff, Mr. Solomon Willis, with the silver-mounted staff, led his guests to the hall. ... ...
|1882 Directory
|High Street
|Publican of the Compasses Public House and Under Bailiff
|1882 Press Rpt
|[Hemel Gazette 5 Aug]
|In a court case Solomon Willis stated that on the 20th July Lee and Howe came into his house (tne "Compasses") in the evening , when they seemed very much excited. The were sober. Witness did not serve them with any beer , because he knew that they had been fighting, and he gave orders that they should not be served with any.
|1882 Press Rpt
|[Hemel Gazette 9 Dec]
|Court of Pie Powder - The usual Court of Pie Powder after the election of the new High Bailiff, was held on Thursday morning. The High Bailiff, Daniel How, Esq., presided and there were present besides - Mr. R. Taylor, ex-Bailiff, Mr. F. Mason, Mr. Valentine, Mr. Ernest Pearman, and Mr. S. C. Harrison, the Recorder. ... The Under Bailiff, Mr. Solomon Willis, having opened the Court by the usual proclamation, the Recorder read the minutes of the corresponding meeting last year. ...
|1883 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 10 Feb]
|1886 Directory
|High Street
|Publican of the Compasses Public House and Under Bailiff (Reference to Public house deleted on copy of directory I have seen).
|1886 Press Rpt
|[Hemel Gazette 4 Dec]
|Election of High Bailiff. - This annual event took place on Tuesday, being St. Andrew's Day. At 10 o'clock the retiring High Bailiff, Capt. Clement Astley Cooper, took the civic chair, and the court was formally opened by the Under Bailiff, Mr. Solomon Willis ... During the year there had been a gas stove had been put in the Corn Exchange and an escape of gas had occurred. ... The Under Bailiff said that there had been an escape of gas for some time, and it could not be found out; but when a man was doing the roof he found the gas pipe above the Reading Room was eaten through. ... [New High Bailiff Mr. Matthew Leno of Cox Pond Farm] ...And as for his friend, Solomon Willis, he did not know how the Bailliwick would get on without him. Having spoken further of the valuable qualities of the Under Bailiff, the Ex-High Bailiff concluded by proposing a hearty vote of theanks to the Recorder and the Under Bailiff.
|1887 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 19 Feb]
|FANCY DRESS BALL. A Jubilee fancy dress ball was held in the Town Hall on Tuesday evening last, having been arranged by a committee representing several dancing classes, when a party numbering upwards of 120 attended. Th eHall was decorated for the occasion in an elaborate manner by Mr. S Willis, the under-bailiff, and the ball was considered a success.
|1888 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 25 Feb]
|In an article on Laying the Foundation Stone of New Bailiwick Buildings adjacent to the Market place in Hemel Hempstead one of the names on a scroll buried in a bottle was Solomon Willis, Under Bailiff.
|1889 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 14 Dec]
|Mr J. Saunders proposed that the salary of Mr. S. Willis, the Under Bailiff, be raised from �50 to �55., which was seconded by Mr. H. Wyman, and carried. Mrt Willis, in reply, said he had heard Mr Saunders make a good many propositions, but he had never heard him make a better.
|48-??, High Street
|New building, including council offices with shops below built next to the Market Place
|1890 Directory
|Market House & Town Hall
|Soloman Willis, Keeper
|High Street
|Misses Mary and Jane Willis, Fancy Repository [No 48]
|High Street
|Solomon Willis, Under Bailiff
|1890 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 22 Nov]
|BAILIWICK DINNER. - This annual event came off on Tuesday evening last in the Town Hall, which Mr. Solomon Willis, the under-bailiff, had suitably decorated for the occasion. The company numbered eighty-three ... ...
|1891 Census
|48 High Street
|Solomon Willis (Under Bailiff) , his wife, and daughters Mary and Jane (Fancy Shop Keepers)
|1891 Press Rpt
|[Hemel Gazette 5 Dec]
|Solomon Willis (Under Bailiff) was present at the annual meeting at which the retiring Bailiff, Lovel Smeathman, gave a report on the year in the Bailiwick, and was then re-elected as High Bailiff. At the meeting The High Bailiff having taken the seat of honour, the Under-Bailiff opened the court in the usual arch�ological form.
|1892 Apr-Jun
|Hemel Hempstead
|Daughter Jane married Edwin Charles Pinchard (In 1901 Edwin was a Jeweller, living at 272, Darnley Street, Govan, Lanarkshire - with two daughters, both born in Glasgow)
|1893 Press Rpt
|[Bucks Herald 9 Sept]
|Death of an Old Journalist. - We regret to have to announce the death of Mr. F Mason, proprietor and editor of the Hemel Hempstead Gazette from its origin, thirty-four years ago. ... The Bailiwick was represented at the cemetery by Mr. S. C. Harrison, Recorder; Mr. Solomon Willis, under bailiff; and most of the surviving ex-high bailiffs.
|1895 Directory
|Market House & Town Hall
|Soloman Willis, Keeper
|13 George Street
|Solomon Willis, Under Bailiff
|1899 Directory
|Market House & Town Hall
|Soloman Willis, Keeper (Later directories show he was succeeded by Hugh Killeen)
|13 George Street
|Solomon Willis, Under Bailiff
|1899 Jan-Mar
|Hemel Hempstead
|Death of Solomon Willis, 71 registered
|1901 Census
|13 George Street
|Solomon's widow, Sabina (Living on own means) and daughter Mary
|1905 Jan-Mar
|Hemel Hempstead
|Death of Sabina Willis, 78, registered
|1911 Census
|13 George Street
|Daughter Mary (Lay Worker) only occupant
December 2013
Page Created
May 2015
Picture of Soloman as Cricket Captain
Extracts from Gazette added to time lien


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During the time of Lent and Easter, I always make Sweet Cream of Beans. When you have sweet cream of beans you need to have milk cookies to top them off. The problem is that where I live it is difficult to find milk cookies. So this year I decided to make my own. These cookies are not hard to make but it will take you some time to cut them out. This recipe makes around 120 cookies.
- ¼ cup rolled oats
- ¼ cup and 2 tablespoons of flour
- 1/8 teaspoon baking soda
- 1/8 teaspoon salt
- 2 tablespoons of butter
- 1 ½ tablespoons honey (you can use sugar)
- 2 tablespoons buttermilk
Preheat oven to 400 F degrees (200 C). Grind oats until fine using a blender or food processor.
In a medium bowl, stir together the oats, flour, baking soda, and salt. Cut in the cold butter using a pastry blender or your fingers until the butter lumps are small. Stir in the buttermilk and honey to form a stiff dough ball. Let sit about 10 minutes while you lightly flour a surface to roll the dough out. Roll out to 1/8 inch in thick. Cut into dime size circles. I used the bottom of a piping tip.
Bake, in preheated over, for 5 to 7 minutes until edges are lightly browned. Let cool before serving.
Tip: Bake on parchment paper to avoid cookies from sticking to baking sheet.


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It is National Poetry Day and the Prince of Wales has recorded one of Seamus Heaney's poems for HomePlace, a new exhibition centre in Bellaghy, Northern Ireland which celebrates the poet's life and work.
And, we would like to debut a limerick like poem called the Clintstones with a parody of the America famous cartoon called the Flintstones.
Written by Mel Brake
Clintstones. Meet the Clintstones.
They are the modern controlled-age political family.
From the town of Hopeless
They are hash tag from disaster can't you see.
Someday, Hillary thinks she's going to win
Just like Bill- a three repeat why not again.
When you're with the Clinstones
Better say goodbye to your brain and wit
Cause the Clinstones my put you on the hit.
You will have a bad time
A really bad time.
And not a good time


text:
South Shore Dance Alliance: Holiday Fantasy
South Shore Dance Alliance (SSDA)
Event Details
Don't miss SSDA's production for the 2015 holiday season, Holiday Fantasy.
Order your tickets now and save $2 off at-the-door pricing! Advance online sales end Friday, December 11 at 12 noon!
Questions? Contact email@example.com or call her at 219-712-5908.
All online tickets will be held for pickup at Will Call at the event. Parking for the event is on the north side of the building.
When & Where
Griffith Franklin Center Auditorium
201 N. Griffith Blvd.
South Shore Dance Alliance (SSDA)
If you're looking for professional dance classes in ballet, jazz, modern, and tap, teamed with outstanding performance opportunities, look no further than South Shore Dance Alliance (SSDA). As a premiere dance studio and performing company in northwest Indiana and home to award-winning dancers, instructors, and choreographers, SSDA was founded on the principles of strong work ethic, outstanding discipline, technical expertise and instruction, and a love and passion for dance that embraces students, performers, and audiences alike. SSDA is a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization.


text:
A new computational method has connected several target genes to autism, according to new research. The findings, along with other recent discoveries, could lead to screening tools for young children—and help doctors choose the best intervention when making a diagnosis.
"In this study we started with more than 2,591 families who had only one child with autism and neither the parents nor the siblings had been diagnosed with autism," says Chi-Ren Shyu, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Missouri and director of the Informatics Institute.
Using advanced computational techniques, Shyu and colleagues were able to identify 286 genes they then collected into 12 subgroups that exhibited commonly seen characteristics of children on the spectrum. Of these genes, 193 potentially new genes not found in previous autism studies were discovered.
"The methods developed by Dr. Shyu and the results our team identified are giving geneticists a wealth of targets we'd not considered before—by narrowing down the genetic markers, we may be able to develop clinical programs and methods that can help diagnose and treat the disease. These results are a quantum leap forward in the study of the genetic causes of autism," [said professor Judith Miles].
Read full, original post: Tying target genes to autism could lead to better treatment


text:
We host farm-to-campus tours where we have our leadership team visit our producers and our partners to understand what they do and what they go through to produce for us, whether it be cattle or hogs, honey or tea. It's kind of a two-way benefit because it also lets our partners know that we are vested and interested in what they're doing. We're not just a large entity that's buying their product. We really are interested in buying local and keeping money in the local economy.
Photo courtesy of iStock


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Pumping Milk For Your Premie Sheet, Spanish (Pack of 50)
The clear text and step-by-step photos in this Spanish-language brochure make it easy for mothers to learn how to pump breastmilk for their premature babies. Provides space to keep track of the amount of milk pumped. Also explains why breastmilk is so important for preterm infants, how to store breastmilk, and more. 4 pages. 8½" x 11" folded. Comes in pack of 50.


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We LOVE manatees! The first wild one we saw in Florida was in our very own backyard, the day we closed on this house. We've had a special affection for them ever since. There are three at the local museum and Max and Mason love visiting them.
Last Sunday, we had cabin fever so we threw on shorts and t-shirts (it was 90 here!), and headed north on I-75. Just half an hour away is the Manatee Viewing Area in Apollo Beach. The power company releases very warm water and the manatees hang out there during the winter months. We got lucky because the attraction will close in a week. We could see why, too. There was only one manatee (that we could see) basking in the warm water and sunshine. We know others are already in the bays because Ali and Justin passed one in their boat last weekend.
But, we were not disappointed. We saw LOTS of fish – some very large ones – and even a shark! The boys were so excited! Inside, they had a mini-museum, which was very educational, and, of course, a gift shop. My new rule at gift shops is the boys can pick out an educational book but NO TOYS. Heaven knows they have plenty of those, including two stuff manatees!
Mason picked out a cute picture book about a manatee and Max chose the National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Sea Creatures. Now, the boys can easily identify all the critters in the salt water canal out back, which makes a great recess assignment during homeschooling. Very cool!
This Week's Masonism:
Mason was eating a bag of organic gummy worms. I said, "Don't let the name fool you. There's plenty of sugar in those things so don't eat them all, and brush your teeth when you're finished."
He turned the bag over, and said, "Hmmm… Let me read the nutrition box." He then squinted up his face, trying to figure it out.
He finally said, "It says they make you very fat!"
Angela Hoy lives on a 52' Irwin Center Cockpit Ketch (sailboat) with her family and pets. She is the publisher of WritersWeekly.com, BookLocker.com, and AbuzzPress, and the author of 19 books. Keep up with her family's adventurous liveaboard lifestyle at GotNoTanLines.com.
Angela is the creator of the Original 24-Hour Short Story Contest!


text: Hondabuff 9 Posted April 23, 2008 Share Posted April 23, 2008 After being a loyal fan of the ProV1 I have to let go. The price is out of control. After Tax it is almost $50 a dozen. The NXT Tour ball is the ball I'm now playing and have gained a full club in my irons but lost driver distance and lost the bite on wedges I have grown used to. Even though I shoot more consistant scores with the NXT Tour, I have fond memories of the Pro V1. Spinning off greens into into bunkers and knee deep in the pond just to save a 5 dollar ball. Oh well...good buy ProV1 Quote Titleist TS3 9.5* Aldila Rogue Silver 110 60X Titleist 915F 15* Aldila Rogue Silver 110 70X Titleist 816 H2 Aldila Rogue Silver 110 85X Titleist 716 AP2 Project X 6.0 Titleist Vokey SM4 50/54/58 Project X 6.0 Scotty Cameron Squareback 2 Titleist Staff Stand Bag Titleist -ProV1x, Bushnell Tour Z6 Link to post Share on other sites


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Year: 2017
Director: Chris Smith
I'm not a fan of Jim Carey. As a rule I don't like wacky and his shtick in The Mask, Ace Ventura and Dumb & Dumber feels like 2nd rate Robin Williams. Regardless of that I thought he was pretty good in Man In The Moon, the biopic of US comic actor and performance artist Andy Kaufman. As a kid his character. Latka and Christopher Lloyd's stoner,Jim were my favourite things about the sitcom, Taxi.
During the making of the biopic Jim Carey's production company filmed hours of behind the scenes footage which makes up the bulk of this documentary alongside a contemporary interview with a bearded Carey. It shows that Jim went full method by becoming 'Andy' on and off camera.
One of Kaufman's most infamous pranks was to petition the Taxi bosses to hire his friend Tony Clifton, a faded cabaret singer, to be a guest on the show. Clifton turned up drink, abusive and caused chaos and upset all day before being thrown out by security. It only occurred to everyone later that Clifton was Kaufman.
So Jim/Andy also appears as Clifton generally causing trouble on the set of the movie as well as crashing Speilberg's offices ' to talk to him about that shark'. The clashes with cast, director Milos Foreman and others are often uncomfortable viewing as you wonder if all this is strictly necessary. Carey might have a desire like Kaufman to push the boundaries and blur the lines between art and reality but as Sir Larry would say 'have you tried acting, my dear?'
Apparently all this footage has lain dormant because the studio were afraid that people would think Carey was nuts if they saw it. Maybe he is. Yet also the documentary and interview with Carey make you wonder how much is true and fiction. Some of the infamous accidents and pranks gone wrong of Kaufman's were entirely planned in advance.
The behind the scenes might show a comic tryi g to create an atmosphere to pull off his role or just an excuse for Carey to be a bit of a Twat and push people's buttons knowing that they were unlikely to react badly as he was a huge star.
All in all a fascinating watch however much you suspect it's true motives.
Available on Netflix
Might appeal to people who enjoyed:
The original movie and Mr Andy Kaufman


text:
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Angle beam transducers are single element shear wave transducers in a non-marring plastic housing.
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The Quick-Change Transducer (QCT) series of transducers that makes changing wedge angle and transducer frequency rapid and easy, saving both time and money.


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A highly variable neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social and communication challenges and restricted repetitive behavior and interests, the range of conditions classified as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is thought to affect 1-3% of the population. In just the past century, autism has progressed from poorly grasped—what was considered "autism" in the 1950s was then blamed on psychological harm inflicted by mothers— to better defined as a spectrum of disorders caused by a complex interaction of genetics and environment. But our understanding of the complexities of ASD and its causes remains in flux, and there is no known single cause. Like any area of health study with substantial unknowns, the gaps in knowledge are ripe for exploitation.
A frightening spectre to many a parent, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all children be screened specifically for ASD at their regular 18- and 24-month-old well-child visits. Adding to parents' worries is the commonly-held misconception that rates of autism are skyrocketing— often referred to as an "epidemic"—which maintains the myth that the cause must be environmental toxins. Recent CDC data suggesting that prevalence has increased from 1 in 150 in 2007, to 1 in 68 in 2014, to 1 in 59 today can seem alarming, but it isn't actually evidence of an "epidemic." Rather, the changing numbers are thought to most likely represent increased surveillance, improved diagnosis, changes in diagnostic criteria, increased awareness and educational support, and reduction in stigma, so that more of the population falls under the ASD umbrella (even as controversy continues to brew over DSM-5 autism criteria, the elimination of Asperger's syndrome from the criteria, and whether the latest criteria could do a disservice to girls.) It&rsqursquo;s also important to note that slow progress with racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare have also contributed to perceived changes in ASD prevalence, with diagnosis among black and hispanic children improving with better surveillance. Once these factors are accounted for, it becomes clear that the prevalence of autism as we define it today is not actually increasing, let alone skyrocketing.
Although our understanding of autism is changing at a rapid pace—the DSM changed its nomenclature from "infantile autism" to three unique autism disorders in 1987, and again to one umbrella diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in 2013—there remains an iceberg of unanswered questions beneath what we understand about the condition.
For one, distinguishing the subtypes of autism across the spectrum poses an ongoing challenge for researchers, especially with regard to mode of inheritance and type of genetic variation. The body of evidence overwhelmingly points to autism being influenced by a complex interaction of inherited variations distributed across the genome, with some autistic people carrying a strong acting de novo (arising in a germ cell or fertilized egg) variant. These genetic variants are thought to interact with environmental factors to influence autism phenotypes. Environmental risk factors associated with ASD include advanced parental age at conception, having a sibling with ASD, low birth weight, premature birth, certain prescription drugs taken during pregnancy, and certain viral infections during pregnancy, although causal relationships have not been established. The most convincing association between viral infection and ASD is with congenital rubella.
Despite the powerful, popular narrative that vaccines cause autism, rooted in the discredited, fraudulent, retracted paper by Andrew Wakefield linking the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine to the disorder, any links between vaccines and ASD, including thimerosal, a mercury-based preservative used to prevent contamination of multidose vials, have been thoroughly discredited. Wakefield was stripped of his medical license in 2010 after The Lancet retracted the paper, discovered to be an elaborate and deliberate fraud.
Given that ASD has no single cause, there is also no existing cure and no treatment that helps everyone. According to Mayo Clinic:
"Treatment options may include:
- Behavior and communication therapies. Many programs address the range of social, language and behavioral difficulties associated with autism spectrum disorder. Some programs focus on reducing problem behaviors and teaching new skills. Other programs focus on teaching children how to act in social situations or communicate better with others. Applied behavior analysis (ABA) can help children learn new skills and generalize these skills to multiple situations through a reward-based motivation system.
- Educational therapies. Children with autism spectrum disorder often respond well to highly structured educational programs. Successful programs typically include a team of specialists and a variety of activities to improve social skills, communication and behavior. Preschool children who receive intensive, individualized behavioral interventions often show good progress.
- Family therapies. Parents and other family members can learn how to play and interact with their children in ways that promote social interaction skills, manage problem behaviors, and teach daily living skills and communication.
- Other therapies. Depending on your child's needs, speech therapy to improve communication skills, occupational therapy to teach activities of daily living, and physical therapy to improve movement and balance may be beneficial. A psychologist can recommend ways to address problem behavior.
- Medications. No medication can improve the core signs of autism spectrum disorder, but specific medications can help control symptoms. For example, certain medications may be prescribed if your child is hyperactive; antipsychotic drugs are sometimes used to treat severe behavioral problems; and antidepressants may be prescribed for anxiety. Keep all health care providers updated on any medications or supplements your child is taking. Some medications and supplements can interact, causing dangerous side effects."
Early intervention for children less than 3 years of age, aimed heavily at training parents or caregivers, has been shown to have long-term effects on social communication and "severity" of autism symptoms. Considered a primary intervention, Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) (which has applications outside of autism) involves up to 40 hours a week of a therapist working one-on-one with a child to develop social, language, and other skills, and is the most widely used therapy for ASD. ABA is controversial, however—critics say the drills are cruel and force autistic people to hide who they truly are.
It's important to note that a growing movement calls for autism acceptance, rather than awareness, toward an equitable, neurodiverse society. In his Neurotribes blog, science writer Steve Silberman, author of NeuroTribes: The Legacy of Autism and the Future of Neurodiversity, explains that awareness isn't enough, and includes the ideas of a group of self-advocates, parents, and teachers, posing the question, "Obviously, even a month of acceptance will not be enough to dramatically improve the lives of people on the spectrum. What could be done to make the world a more comfortable, respectful, and nurturing place for millions of autistic kids and adults—now, starting today?"
As with other emerging bodies of science, the gaps in knowledge on ASD have allowed profiteers to creep in. It's not surprising that vulnerable parents of autistic kids want simple solutions to complex problems, even though scientists largely believe that there will never be a definitive "cure" for autism. As the science streams in, a number of organizations, movements and leaders have encroached, promoting the ideology that autistic children and adults are somehow defective and must be fixed. While research on interventions for ASD continues, these so-called "cures," unsubstantiated therapeutic interventions, and supplements that we can safely chalk up to woo have thrived. Part 1 of this column will examine DAN! protocol, chlorine dioxide, secretin, chelation therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, lupron, GcMAF, and stem cell therapy, all of which have been purported to treat or even cure autism.
DAN! protocol
A project of the Autism Research Institute (ARI), a nonprofit organization founded in 1967 by Bernard Rimland, Ph.D. (1928-2006), Defeat Autism Now! (DAN!)—the most broad school of ASD cure thought, with several discredited and harmful interventions under its umbrella—was launched in 2005 and shut down in 2011. Based on the belief that autism is caused by lowered immune response, external toxins from vaccines and other sources, and problems caused by certain foods, proponents claimed that the treatments were "a way of addressing individuality in the context of an epidemic that has environmental causes." Dubbed "the father of modern autism," Rimland is credited with overturning the once accepted "refrigerator mother" theory— that uncaring mothers' lack of warmth triggers the onset of the condition—ultimately helping end that specific form of mother-blaming for autism. But that does little to undo the damage that DAN! inflicted, including the administering of harmful treatments, including chelation, nutritional interventions, and hyperbaric oxygen treatments (described later in this article). Despite DAN! being suspended in 2011, a quick Google search turns up several practitioners offering the protocol.
Retired psychiatrist and Stephen Barrett, co-founder of the National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) and founder of Quackwatch wrote in a 2015 critical look at DAN!:
"To determine effectiveness, variables must be isolated and tested in controlled experiments. The DAN! protocol" as a whole was never validated or even tested, and was untestable. It was derived from observations that were not structured to determine effectiveness. It was a hodgepodge of everything DAN!'s founders speculated might be useful. Many of its promoters seem to believe that:
If a child improves or is reported to have improved following the administration of a treatment, that outcome would support the diagnosis, the treatment, and the alleged underlying theory.
If enough reports are pooled, they will reveal what works—so try lots of things and and attribute any improvement to what you tried rather than other things such as a good teacher or the natural tendency of children to mature over time.
Even though well-designed studies might demonstrate that something (such as chelation or secretin) doesn't work, these studies can be ignored because each child is an individual and may still respond positively to any intervention.
I do not believe that science works that way. And neither should you."
David Gorski, surgical oncologist and Managing Editor of Science Based Medicineaddressed DAN! in his Orac blog:
"[I]t is big business to be bilking the parents of autistic children of considerable sums of money to use pseudoscientific "treatments" based largely on the scientifically discredited idea that autism is some form of "vaccine injury" or "toxicity" due to a combination of vaccines and environmental "toxins" (almost always vaguely defined or completely undefined). As a result, children are subjected to potentially dangerous treatments like chelation therapy, which can kill when it goes wrong, designed to "detoxify" the heavy metals that are supposedly causing the child's autism."
Chlorine Dioxide (CD/MMS)
Often called Miracle Mineral Solution (MMS) or CD Protocol, the impetus for administering active ingredient chlorine dioxide is the belief that autism is caused by parasites which can be eradicated by these glorified bleach enemas, oral solutions, and baths. Made by mixing sodium chlorite and citric acid, parents who administer MMS to their autistic kids often share photographs of the "parasites" that they believe they've removed from their children's bodies. The heartbreaking fact is that the images actually depict the lining of the intestines sloughing off from the bleach.
In 2010, Health Canada issued a warning "that using this product as directed may cause serious health problems" and that consumers should stop using it immediately.
The U.S Food and Drug Administration issued a safety alert on MMS in 2010, since removed from its website (but with excerpts published in several news articles) stating that:
"The product, when used as directed, produces an industrial bleach that can cause serious harm to health. The product instructs consumers to mix the 28 percent sodium chlorite solution with an acid such as citrus juice. This mixture produces chlorine dioxide, a potent bleach used for stripping textiles and industrial water treatment. High oral doses of this bleach, such as those recommended in the labeling, can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and symptoms of severe dehydration."
Thought to now reside in Mexico, Kerri Rivera, one of the leading proponents of MMS as an autism cure, was brought to task by the state of Illinois in 2015, which barred her from selling it to Illinois residents or speaking at conferences in the state.
As of publication, online video consultations with Rivera may be purchased through the CD Autism Shop website at $120, with follow up consultations running $70.
In a 2012 post in Science Based Medicine, Gorski wrote:
"[W]e're seeing quacks douse autistic children in bleach, pump their colons full of it, and feed it to them until they start to have fevers and diarrhea, believing that the diarrhea and fever are evidence that the bleach is working to reverse autism. The diarrhea and fever might well be working to do something, but reversing autism is not part of that something. Making children sick is."
Barrett covered CD/MMS in a Quackwatch article updated in 2016:
"MMS contains a 28% solution of sodium chlorite. which, when mixed with an acid such as citrus juice, produces chlorine dioxide (ClO2), a potent bleach used for stripping textiles and industrial water treatment. High oral doses, such as those recommended in MMS labeling, can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and symptoms of severe dehydration. Sodium chlorite is not legal to sell for human consumption, and legitimate suppliers of the chemical include a warning sheet stating that it can cause potentially fatal side effects if swallowed. MMS's discovery is attributed to Jim Humble, a former "research engineer.""
Neuroscientist and blogger Alison Bernstein admonished readers in a 2015 post at the It's Momsense blog:
"Parents who are carrying out this protocol share their stories online. They share stories about their children crying in pain as they are held down and an industrial strength bleaching agent is forced into their rectums. They share pictures of the lining of their children's intestines falling out, toenails falling off, and hair falling out. They share that their children stop showing emotion and have a loss of appetite. These are all signs of chronic poisoning and chronic abuse, but in these groups parents are congratulated for "curing" their children of autism. When parents post about disturbing symptoms their children are having in response to this "treatment", the answer from the leaders is always – give more enemas. These children are in pain but children trust their parents. This is an utter betrayal of that trust."
A digestive system hormone that regulates the secretion of digestive fluids from the stomach, pancreas, and liver, secretin caused a buzz and generated false hope after three autistic children reportedly improved significantly after taking the hormone in the late 90s. As Spectrum News reported in a 2016 feature:
It's difficult enough to separate placebo from drug effects when participants report their own experiences, says Karin Jensen, a placebo researcher at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, but it's nearly impossible when other people are in the mix. The excitement in the media and the autism community over the secretin trials is a perfect example of this phenomenon, she says. "Most of [autism research] is based on subjective ratings," she says. "Expectations were sky high, and so that was transferred to patients via parents and caretakers."
Subsequent studies, including a 2012 Cochrane review of 16 studies of secretin administered intravenously to a total of 900 children with ASD concluded that "[t]here is no evidence that single or multiple dose intravenous secretin is effective and as such currently it should not be recommended or administered as a treatment for ASD. Further experimental assessment of secretin's effectiveness for ASD can only be justified if there is new high-quality and replicated scientific evidence that either finds that secretin has a role in neurotransmission in a way that could benefit all children with ASD or identifies important subgroups of children with ASD who could benefit from secretin because of a proven link between the action of secretin and the known cause of their ASD, or the type of problems they are experiencing."
Chelation therapy
Rooted in the thoroughly-refuted notion that mercury exposure from vaccines causes autism, proponents of chelation for ASD purport that this treatment strips the element, along with other heavy metals, from the body. Chelation therapy involves intravenous or orally-administered chelating agents like EDTA and DMSA, which bind to metals, allowing them to be excreted in urine. It's approved for use exclusively by prescription for true cases of heavy metal poisoning only. The FDA warns consumers against the use of OTC chelation products:
"These companies marketing unapproved OTC chelation products commonly target patients with serious and incurable diseases who may have limited treatment options. Two common conditions that these products claim to treat are autism spectrum disorders and heart (cardiovascular) conditions, including treatment of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, clogged arteries, angina, prevention of heart attack or stroke, and even as an alternative to coronary bypass surgery. Some companies also claim their products can prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, complications of diabetes, and many more diseases and health conditions that may be unrelated to one another.
FDA is concerned that patients will delay seeking proven, sometimes essential medical care, when relying on unproven OTC chelation products to treat serious conditions such as heart and blood vessel disease. FDA is also concerned that chelation can result in serious side effects such as dehydration, kidney failure, and death."
Though the theory that thimerosal—a mercury-containing compound used as a preservative in some vaccines—causes autism has been thoroughly refuted, data suggest that around 7% of individuals with ASD have received this treatment. A 2015 Cochrane systematic review concluded that "no clinical trial evidence was found to suggest that pharmaceutical chelation is an effective intervention for ASD. Given prior reports of serious adverse events, such as hypocalcaemia, renal impairment and reported death, the risks of using chelation for ASD currently outweigh proven benefits. Before further trials are conducted, evidence that supports a causal link between heavy metals and autism and methods that ensure the safety of participants are needed."
Quackwatch features information on inappropriate testing, clinical studies, lawsuits, and regulatory actions, explaining that:
"Chelation therapy is a series of intravenous infusions containing EDTA and various other substances. It is falsely claimed to be effective against cardiovascular disease, autism, and many other diseases and conditions. Because chelation has valid use in some cases of heavy metal poisoning, many practitioners falsely diagnose lead, mercury, or other heavy metal toxicity to trick patients into undergoing chelation. The articles linked from this page explain why doctors who advocate the general use of chelation therapy should be avoided."
Writing for the Mayo Clinic website, pediatrician Jay L. Hoecker described chelation therapy:
"Chelation therapy is not an effective autism treatment, and it may be dangerous.
Some doctors and parents have considered chelation therapy as a potential autism treatment. Proponents believe that autism is caused by mercury exposure, such as from childhood vaccines. Chelation therapy supposedly removes mercury from the body, which chelation supporters say cures autism — but there's no evidence of a link between mercury exposure and autism. In addition, chelation therapy can be associated with serious side effects, including potentially deadly kidney damage.
The subject of exposure to environmental toxic agents — such as mercury, lead and a host of other toxins — and links to autism spectrum disorder is complex and the quality of studies varies considerably. That's in part because of all the many variables, such as geography, genetic factors, metabolism differences in individuals and sampling sources. Studies show conflicting results with no reproducible proof."
Clinical neurologist Steven Novella wrote at Science Based Medicine:
"Chelation therapy has a long history of quackery – not for its intended use but for other uses for which there is no evidence. The classic example of this is the use of chelation therapy to treat atherosclerosis to prevent heart disease. This claim persists despite the utter lack of evidence for efficacy and the fact that all proposed mechanisms have been shown to be flawed or false.
In the last decade the belief that mercury in some vaccines (mercury-containing thimerosal was removed from routine childhood vaccines in the US by 2002) might be linked to autism. The scientific evidence clearly shows this is not the case (as I have discussed in many previous posts). But belief persists despite the evidence, mostly among anti-vaccinationist ideologues. But many earnest parents, just wanting to help their autistic children, have been caught up in the pseudoscience and conspiracy-mongering."
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBOT/HBO2)
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized chamber, and is FDA approved for only 13 conditions, including "treatment of air or gas embolism (dangerous "bubbles" in the bloodstream that obstruct circulation), carbon monoxide poisoning, decompression sickness (often known by divers as "the bends"), and thermal burns (caused by heat or fire)." Proposed mechanisms by which HBOT helps autistic people include the reduction in inflammation thought to restrict blood flow to regions of the brain, and improvement in the brain's ability to absorb oxygen.
A 2015 review found that the "evidence is weak for the use of HBO2 in ASD, with only one, likely flawed, randomized control study showing treatment benefit." Steven Novella discussed the lone 2009 study that showed limited benefit, and his critiques boil down to four main points, summed up at Exposing Autism One:
- Inadequate blinding of subjects and parents: "The primary weakness, in my opinion, is that the parents of the children being studied were allowed in the chamber with their children. The two groups in the study either received 24% oxygen in 1.3 atmospheres, or 21% oxygen in 1.03 atmospheres. It's probable that many of the parents knew if they were getting increased pressure or not, and this therefore could have unblinded the study."
- Small size of the study: "The study is also on the small side, with 62 children total. However, the clinical effects were very robust."
- Potential conflicts of interest: More than one author of the study has a potential financial conflict of interest. Rossignol and Usman offer HBOT in their practice and Usman's husband sells the hyperbaric chambers used for HBOT. "While such conflicts are important to expose, I think they are trumped by a well-enough controlled study. The whole point of a well-designed study is to eliminate the effects of bias. But given that this study was poorly blinded, and bias was present, it certainly diminishes its impact."
- Only measured short term outcomes: It therefore did not test if the effect of hyperbaric treatment survives much beyond the treatment itself. Even if the effect in this study is real, it may represent only a temporary symptomatic benefit – not altering the course of autism itself. Therefore longer followup studies are needed as well.
Novella concluded that "It is not impossible that hyperbaric oxygen may have some benefit in some children with autism. Although there is no established mechanism at this time, and proposed mechanisms (like the notion that hyperbaric O2 decreases inflammation) are largely speculative. But a physiological effect is not implausible. The treatment is also fairly safe. Therefore it is reasonable to study it further.
The biggest risk of the treatment now is that it is expensive—costing 150-900 dollars per treatment or 14-17 thousand dollars for a chamber. It also diverts energy and emotions away from possibly more productive treatments."
In a warning for consumers, the FDA says, "[n]o, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has not been clinically proven to cure or be effective in the treatment of cancer, autism, or diabetes. But do a quick search on the Internet, and you'll see all kinds of claims for these and other diseases for which the device has not been cleared or approved by FDA."
Possible side effects and complications include oxygen toxicity, fluid buildup in the ears, sinus damage, and vision changes.
Chemical castration
Perhaps best known for its use in chemical castration of sexual offenders, Lupron (Leuprorelin, also known as leuprolide), the synthetic version of gonadotropin releasing hormone, is also used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, some breast cancers, and to delay the early onset of puberty. "Lupron Protocol" as an autism treatment originated with a 2005 paper by father son duo Mark and David Geier (Mark's medical license has been revoked or suspended in all states since 2011) in Medical Hypotheses, a non-peer reviewed journal aiming "to give novel, radical new ideas and speculations in medicine open-minded consideration, opening the field to radical hypotheses which would be rejected by most conventional journals." The proposed mode of action is based on the thoroughly debunked notion that mercury in vaccines causes autism—mercury binds to testosterone, so Lupron's action in lowering testosterone levels also helps the body eliminate mercury, or so the misguided hypothesis goes.
Despite no plausible mechanism for Lupron to treat autism, hundreds of parents began using it following the Geiers development of the protocol, as reported by the Chicago Tribune in 2009.
"Four of the world's top pediatric endocrinologists told the Tribune that the Lupron protocol is baseless, supported only by junk science. More than two dozen prominent endocrinologists dismissed the treatment earlier this year in a paper published online by the journal Pediatrics.
Simon Baron-Cohen, a professor of developmental psychopathology at the University of Cambridge in England and director of the Autism Research Center in Cambridge, said it is irresponsible to treat autistic children with Lupron.
"The idea of using it with vulnerable children with autism, who do not have a life-threatening disease and pose no danger to anyone, without a careful trial to determine the unwanted side effects or indeed any benefits, fills me with horror," he said.
Experts in childhood hormones warn that Lupron can disrupt normal development, interfering with natural puberty and potentially putting children's heart and bones at risk. The treatment also means subjecting children to daily injections, including painful shots deep into muscle every other week."
In the 8-part in depth series "Why Not Just Castrate Them," which followed the Geier saga and examined chemical castration as a treatment for autism, David Gorski wrote:
"[T]he parents of Geiers' patients are largely self-selected to believe the woo and have a serious incentive, after sinking thousands of dollars into it, to believe it's working. And they do provide [testimonials]. Heck, it wouldn't surprise me if some of them are even true. If you shut down a child or teen's testosterone production, they will become more docile and have a decreased sex drive. That doesn't mean the drug is doing anything at all for the teen's autistic symptoms."
In 2009, Steven Novella pointed out of the Lupron protocol that, there is a "huge psychological incentive to perceive an improvement even where one does not exist. The more radical, risky, and expensive a treatment is, the more parents feel the need to justify their decision by perceiving a benefit. Plus parents want their children to improve. I have seen this result in parents (and also patients themselves) reporting a clear improvement when objective measures showed no improvement at all."
Promoted as a cure for cancer, HIV, autism, and other conditions, GcMAF (Gc protein-derived macrophage activating factor) is a protein that occurs naturally in the blood of healthy people, with activity affecting immune system function. Infamous physician James Jeffrey Bradstreet, who believed that vaccines cause autism, treated thousands of patients around the world with quack treatments including GcMAF, which was extracted from human blood plasma, concentrated, and injected. The vials were often ordered on the internet and injected without oversight. The day before Bradstreet died in a likely suicide, more than 10,000 vials of GcMAF were seized in a raid of his facility over contamination concerns following the deaths of at least five individuals who received the treatment. The FDA and physicians made statements to the Washington Post following Bradstreet's death:
"GcMAF treatments are considered investigational, and none are approved or licensed for use by the FDA in the U.S.," the agency said in a statement sent to The Washington Post.
Nearly all doctors agree.
"Given there is no evidence that modulating the immune system would have any benefit for children with autism spectrum disorder – especially given ASD's genetic or epigenetic basis – I am not sure why Dr. Bradstreet would want to use this for ASD," Peter Jay Hotez, dean of Baylor's National School of Tropical Medicine, told The Post in an e-mail.
It's not even clear if GcMAF injections are safe. An initial "safety study" — the first of its kind — is still trying to recruit participants."
"The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is clear: GcMAF is not a recognized treatment for autism.
There are still no results published for the referenced non-randomized clinical trial, which recruited a total of 24 patients.
In a blog post for Science Based Medicine, David Gorski wrote, "it's clear that Jeff Bradstreet's many years of applying his quackery to autistic children had finally—finally—caught up with him. I'm actually sorry that he killed himself, both for the pain it caused his family, but also because it means that Bradstreet ultimately escaped justice. It means he will never face a judge and jury for the many years he victimized autistic children with a wide variety of quackery. That saddens me, but I can still hope that Bradstreet's co-conspirators face the justice he eluded."
Stem cell therapies
Where there is a poorly understood condition, it's certain that there are charlatans peddling stem cells to cure it, and it's no different with autism. A phase I study out of Duke University tested the safety of administering a single intravenous infusion of autologous umbilical cord blood, despite well-placed skepticism due to lack of preclinical data to support it. Nevertheless, the phase II study has forged ahead, with treatment and placebo arms, to evaluate the efficacy of treating autistic children with their own cord blood. Meanwhile, the media has offered up unsubstantiated hope.
Unregulated, unsafe stem cell treatments for autism existed well before the Duke study, though, and are still being sold despite warnings against them. As of publication, a search for "stem cell therapy autism" yields over 33,000 videos on YouTube, the bulk of them discussing results of stem cell treatments obtained in Panama, Mexico, China, India, and the United States.
And even with the Duke study underway, some parents who want stem cell treatments for their autistic kids are unwilling to participate, in part because they don't want to end up in the placebo arm of the trial. Parents discuss stem cell treatments and results in posts in the "Stem Cell Therapy for Autism" Facebook group, with over 6400 members. The group started with Sarah Collins, who credits adult stem cell injections administered in Panama City, Panama, with the "recovery" of her older son and improvement in her younger son, both of whom were diagnosed with autism, as she explained to The Atlantic in 2016. But as with other unregulated treatments for autism, testimonials for stem cell concoctions don't mean that they've worked, as Gorski explained:
"The reason testimonials, which are, let's face it, simply anecdotes about one person (i.e., and N of 1) in which there are rarely any objective, properly done clinical results examine, seem so compelling to the average person is because most people don't realize two things about the diseases and conditions for which testimonials are common. First, it's not a coincidence that most conditions for which testimonials are used are conditions that either have a wide degree of biological variability (i.e., breast cancer) or a course that frequently varies (i.e., autism). In the case of cancer, the difference between primary treatment and adjuvant treatment is often misunderstood, wherein people who had curative surgery for their tumors are presented as though whatever quackery they tried after surgery cured them, even though it was the surgery that cured them. In the case of a condition like autism, there is often the underlying assumption that the child will never develop–would never have developed–without whatever intervention the parents subjected him to. As I've pointed out many times, that assumption is erroneous; autistic children can and do develop, often in fits and starts, just like other children, and sometimes they can even develop to the point of no longer meeting the criteria for autistic spectum disorders. Not surprisingly, these are the children who are often presented as "cured.""
***Up next, part two of this column will examine CEASE therapy, facilitated communication, and a slew of dietary treatments that profiteers continue to administer, even though they've been thoroughly discredited …