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As Psychosynthesis practitioners we sometimes forget to really value and appreciate the wisdom and beauty of the psychology in which we are trained. We easily forget the legacy of Roberto Assagioli and the tradition we are coming from amidst the emerging developments within our field.
But there are certain insights which never change because they are based on fundamental truths and facts of life. Some of these insights constitute, according to Assagioli, the Seven Core Concepts of Psychosynthesis. In my recent publication, The Soul of Psychosynthesis, I explore these core concepts and the roots of Psychosynthesis, and what I found was really amazing.
Assagioli wrote the following important statement just before his death: "While Psychosynthesis is offered as a synthesis of various therapies and educational approaches, it is well to keep in mind that it possesses its own original and central essence." It is crucial that any psychosynthesis practitioner has direct experience with these seven areas; in Assagioli words they "constitute the sine qua non of Psychosynthesis training".
These experiences are:
1. Disidentification
2. The personal self
3. The Will: good, strong, skillful
4. The Ideal Model
5. Synthesis (in its various aspects)
6. The Superconscious
7. The Transpersonal Self
These concepts are familiar to many practitioners, so why do they constitute the very foundation of Psychosynthesis? Let me offer some thoughts on the subject based on what I explore in my book.
Disidentification and the personal self
Disidentification is the mother of the many techniques we use in Psychosynthesis; it reveals the true nature of our identity as a point of pure self-awareness and will. Disidentification is the tool we use to discover our identity as consciousness itself. This is a radical and profound experience with many levels of understanding, and the process has a potential to reveal the different stages of the self, from the personal to the Universal Self. Assagioli ingeniously applied one of the most widely used spiritual exercises in the East – Neti Neti – meaning I am "Not this, not that," within mainstream psychotherapy. In Vedic Hinduism it was intended to reveal our spiritual nature as Brahman.
By letting go of identifications with our body, emotions, thoughts, roles and behavior we gradually come to terms with one of the fundamental facts of life. We are the observer behind that which arises in consciousness; we are not the content of consciousness.
By applying this technique in Psychosynthesis Psychotherapy we are practicing one of the most fundamental healing modalities at hand today: Awareness Based Psychotherapy. The primary purpose with this technique is to train the client to discover himself as a loving observer (the true personal self) and to observe whatever arises in consciousness. Using this technique the clients learns to connect with and accept all the different states of consciousness, in particular in the lower and middle unconscious, and to become aware of what is going on in their body, emotions and mind at any given moment. This is possible when we can disidentify from our suffering and create a loving space where we can hold our pain in compassion. Through this process the self becomes truly transcendent and immanent in relation to that which we observe. The Awareness Based Psychotherapy creates a loving center and a harmonic atmosphere within.
The Will and the Ideal Model
The next fundamental and essential aspect of Psychosynthesis is the discovery of the will as part of our ontological nature. The will becomes a fact when we experience the-will-to-be-self. The will is the living force driving our need for authenticity and uniqueness. The will is the dynamic or masculine face of the self, the authority of the self, and it gives us the incentive to truly master our nature.
There's not much freedom or joy in observing and accepting that we are slaves to limiting attachments. Without the will we are too passive and can easily fall prey to inner and outer influences in our life. The main focus in our work with the will is to define our authentic identity at our present level of development. Out of infinite possibilities we use the will to choose who we are, and in this way we become unique individuals in our expressions and actions.
We apply Will Based Psychotherapy when we mirror or explore the clients' authentic needs, values, resources and qualities. In this way we can start to answer the question: "Who am I"? Our clients become focused when we help them to define their identity and set goals for how to express their identity in action. The outcome of Will Based Psychotherapy is power – the power to be whoever we choose to be.
This is where the Ideal Models comes in, they are images of what we could be. Assagioli understood that our entire self-perception rest on internal self-images, most of them false because they are adopted from the external environment. But we can create new self-images, because the same psychological material within can be impressed with an authentic intention. This is where creative meditation comes in, because the work with ideal models are based on our ability to visualize. Once again he applies one of the most prominent techniques of the East and combines it with his psychotherapeutic insights.
There is an evolutionary drive towards unity and wholeness in cosmos and as above so below. This is one of the fundamental facts of life. Assagioli was a true evolutionary; he maintained a positive outlook on life and had faith in the essential goodness that drives evolution. But he also acknowledges the suffering caused by inner and outer conflicts between opposing forces. We all have to conquer forces such as aggression, selfishness and greed in order to find harmony and peace within.
We can harmonize the struggling parts in us when we have found our inner center–the loving and dynamic observer. Here is when subpersonality work and Creative Psychotherapy become relevant. When we are disidentified, we can "play with" the inner voices that are creating opposition, and limit our self-expression. We can draw them or enact them using chair work. Sometimes we can encounter and transform them with the use of guided dialogues and imagery, but this requires an ability to work from the center of our self-awareness and will. In some cases the psychotherapist must be the client's external unifying center until the client is ready, but the vision is held internally.
Why is this so? Because the qualities and the radiance of the self create synthesis –the blending of love and will create wholeness. The result of synthesis is flow, an ability to express our identity with spontaneity and ease.
The Superconscious and the Transpersonal Self
It is not for everyone to explore the farther reaches of our human nature, but Assagioli actually created a spiritual psychology which can take us all the way to Enlightenment. The techniques of awareness meditation, visualization and transformative practices can expand our consciousness from the personal to the universal.
The first steps are to get in touch with the meaning and purpose of our life. This gives us a sense of being connected to the whole and a humanistic or altruistic focus, without eliminating the personal aspects of our life. We connect to the world with our unique creative gifts and we explore the Superconscious dimensions of our nature. In Psychosynthesis this is the practice of Transpersonal Psychotherapy.
But there's a deeper or more radical expression of this spiritual process, where the personal self starts to blend with the Transpersonal Self. Here our sense of being as separate individuals, imprisoned within a body and a psychic atmosphere, merges with an open, boundless and purposeful awareness. To define the Transpersonal Self is impossible, because how can the mind grasp the trans-mental? We can only use symbolic language to point to this profound experience. This old affirmation is one of my favorites:
I am a point of light within a greater Light.
I am a strand of loving energy within the stream of Love divine.
I am a point of sacrificial Fire, focused within the fiery Will of God.
The main influence at this stage in psychotherapy is the direct transmission of the Transpersonal Self from the psychotherapist to the client.
The legacy of Roberto Assagioli is profound and his Seven Core Concepts are perspectives to perceptions of the utmost importance. It is my suggestion in the book that there are seven ways to Self-realization:
Disidentification – is a way to Freedom
The self – is a way to Presence
The will – is a way to Power
The ideal model – is a way to Focus
Synthesis – is a way to Flow
The Superconscious – is a way to Abundance
The Transpersonal Self – is a way to Love
Kenneth Sørensen
Kenneth is a graduate of the Trust's Advanced Diploma in Psychosynthesis Psychotherapy programme and Director of Training and Education at the Norwegian Institute of Psychosynthesis. His book The Soul of Psychosynthesis - The Seven Core Concepts is available now.
Training – A Statement from Roberto Assagioli, 1974,
The Soul of Psychosynthesis, Kenneth Sørensen, Kentaur Forlag, 2016


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Fumoleau had been living with dementia. He passed a few minutes before midnight on Tuesday, according to his close friend Patrick Scott.
It was Fumoleau's birthday. He had just turned 93.
Fumoleau was born in France. He was ordained as a Catholic priest in 1952 and came to the Northwest Territories in 1953 as an Oblate missionary.
After resigning from the Oblates, he was made a priest in the Diocese of the Mackenzie, working with the Dene in Fort Good Hope and Deline over the next several decades, according to the NWT Archives.
Fumoleau was an avid photographer, with many of his pictures being sold and published.
He did research on Treaty 8 and Treaty 11 and was known as a social justice advocate for the Dene.
His book, "As Long as this Land Shall Last," also researched Indigenous Métis rights, and Canada's dealings with the Métis.
"He took strong stands against the imposition of Euro-Western institutions on the Dene, and he did on a whole bunch of levels," said Scott. "From speaking about the politics of colonization, [to] the way he related to people as a priest.
Fumoleau also lived in Lutselk'e and Behchoko, most recently residing at a dementia facility in Yellowknife.
He was an avid photographer, with many of his pictures sold and published, as well as an author and filmmaker.
"Whatever he was doing wasn't about him, it was about the Dene. Their rights to their homeland, and the tremendous respect he had for them being so gracious, and forgiving, and generous to all of us who have come north."
Edited from CBC.ca

subset: commoncrawl


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If you should need to remove a Pre-Paid Service from a client's record, you can do so using the following steps:
- Navigate to your Clients and open up the record for the client.
- Select the Credits tab.
- Under Pre-Sold Individual Services, select Remove on the right hand side of the screen next to the Pre-Paid Service you want to remove.


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Nothing can possibly get closer to the Magic Sing ET15K in terms of portability. Every control feature is hardwired into the remote with a base that doubles as a receiver unit and hard drive, it requires external speakers and a screen to play karaoke. As such, I won't tag it as a portable unit, rather a compact home solution with over 2000 songs packed inside and easy to use features. Because of its component based setup, the quality entirely depends on what you connect with it. At just around $150, it is affordable and reliable too. The USB port lets you connect flash drives or to a computer and play tracks directly without the voice overlay. It comes with a leather carrying case, AC Adapter, song booklet and USB cord.
Our Review:
Considering its really compact component nature, I wasn't expecting a lot of features but what I got was definitely way better than a PS3 or Xbox karaoke experience. The remote control microphone isn't wireless as the pictures lead you to believe and I did feel the base and mic together had a flimsy construction but as far as features go, it packs in lots of voice modulation options and has a decent sound quality. The USB and other port connections work fine although it doesn't let you load background images from the USB, you can however stream music.
Can you get any more portable than the Magic Sing ET15K? Packed inside the convenient leather carry case, it is really tight and compact. This karaoke machine might not look intimidating but with all the controls inbuilt into the microphone you can make minute adjustments during a performance. It isn't necessary anymore to travel heavy with lots of CDs, equipment or hefty boxes as long as there is a speaker setup and television screen where you are headed.
Additional Buyer's Information:
The songs in its database are outdated and only a few are from the recent generation. You can get over this issue by adding in the latest tracks with new expansion packs but this won't give you a true updated track list. In an effort to make the Magic Sing ET15K truly portable, they have sacrificed a lot in the song database and expansion ability.
Another thing you should be aware of is that it experiences a lag between the lyrics displayed on screen and the music if used with a modern HDTV probably because of the digital conversion that takes place but with a conventional television and stereo speaker setup, you won't experience this.
Comparable Karaokes
Find compatible Karaoke Machines…
While I did mention earlier that the Magic Sing ET15K is a bit flimsy in its construction, it nevertheless doesn't feel cheap. A friend of mine owns his ET15K for the past one year and hasn't yet experienced any problems. In fact, the microphone remote works perfectly even today and with additional expansion packs, this machine doesn't feel outdated at all.
Magic Sing ET15K Karaoke
The lack of a CD player and directly USB expansion is a bit of a concern to me but once you get used to the in-built track list and have a few expansion packs with you, the need to play CD-G formats disappears. Nevertheless, because of its exclusive karaoke experience, you won't be able to do anything else with it so it isn't the most versatile option around.
Unrivaled in terms of quality, no other karaoke machine can beat it for quality and portability. For a family who loves karaoke and likes taking their player around, the Magic Sing ET15K is an awesome choice. The best songs from the last two to three decades, expansion slots to add in your latest favorites and an awesome microphone with voice modulation settings makes it a perfect first timer investment. But don't be dissuaded by its inexpensive price tag as the quality it offers is way better than what you will get from software karaoke players.
- Total of 1945 built-in English songs and 4 chip expansion slots to add customized tracks.
- Voice changer with 9 background true color themes.
- Triple level scoring mechanism.
- Microphone adjustment, echo, key and tempo controls.
- USB cable, AC adapter, song booklet and sleek carrying case included along with the remote control microphone and receiver base unit.


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Today and tomorrow's program on Radio Riel's Main stream is highly unorthodox by our usual standards! Four years ago tomorrow, on October 28, 2006, I (Gabrielle) played my first live internet broadcast for the Caledon Halloween Ball. I don't think anyone, least of all me, could have known the significance of that event. In honor of my 4‑year DJversary, today's program is Generation X with Gabrielle…the hits of the 80s and 90s, the music that ruled the charts when Generation X ruled Pop Culture! Thank you all for making these last 4 years magical!
If you have a Gen X request for Wednesday and Thursday's program, please send it to email@example.com!
Radio Riel produces this program in conjunction with the Alexandrian Free Library Consortium of Second Life. You can listen to the program now at http://main.radioriel.org. Today's music originates from the music library of Gabrielle Riel.
For more information on the Alexandrian Free Library, current exhibits and the work of Consortium members in general, please visit the Alexandrian Free Library website, or one of their branches in-world.


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Since the wedding, days on the island have been like a string of sapphires or topazes with full moon nights like—maybe I've taken this too far.
Anyway, after rain for the wedding there have been a lot of days that have made me want to set off explosives screaming, "Unfair."
Still, it's hard not to take advantage of a weekend like this one.
3 comments :
I bought an apartment in the most intensely urban boro of the most intensely urban city when all I want is lie down in a patch of grass. Or sand. What is wrong with me?
Oh, and the real estate market is tanking so I can't afford to sell. And I could very possibly lose my job in January.
Maybe I'll end up homeless and living in Central Park. And finally -- finally -- be happy.
Can I live in Block Island for the winter?
- October 11, 2006 2:52 AM
- Claudia said...
When you lose your job you can always rent out your place and use the money to lease a really big patch of grass in the Ozarks...
- October 11, 2006 8:04 AM
True! I could!
- October 11, 2006 6:16 PM
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There are more than 15 million single-family rental homes up for grabs, and the rental market continues to be in demand. So what does this mean to real estate investors?
Becoming a real estate investor with a portfolio of rental properties comes with many different responsibilities and risks, such as making sure your rental properties are properly insured and keeping your tenants happy. The fact is, you simply can't afford to risk underinsuring your rental properties. Life, natural disasters, and irresponsible tenants happen, and if your properties are underinsured you could risk not only losing on the cost of repairs, but loss of rental income as well if you're unable to keep your properties occupied.
Here are three things you can do to avoid underinsuring your real estate investment portfolio. You can:
1. Examine your current policies
Your first step in becoming a responsible landlord or real estate investor should be to review your current insurance policies to be sure the current coverage you have is correct or if it needs to be updated to reflect your portfolio. Don't be afraid to ask your current or new agent, if you are shopping around, for any available discounts that may apply to your policy. This could possibly save you money if you have a large rental portfolio. You may be eligible for discounts you had no idea about, for example, paying the total premium upfront, a multiple policy discount, or good payment history.
2. Review your landlord insurance coverage
Landlord insurance is designed not only to cover the rental home or unit, but also to give the landlord added coverage for exposure to lawsuits that are unique to being a landlord. It is important to have landlord insurance to cover risk that could arise out of renting to a tenant. Consider the following scenarios that landlord insurance could cover:
Replacement cost if your rental is destroyed and will pay for rebuilding the same type of property, even if it's more expensive.
Liability claims if anyone on your rental property slips, falls, or gets injured on property due to negligence.
Personal property that belongs to the landlord. This may be appliances, tools, or furniture.
Loss of rental income if you are forced to empty your rental due to damage caused to the rental.
Personal injury protection in cases where slander, libel, discrimination, or wrongful eviction occur.
These are just a few examples of what could happen, so it is important to understand what is covered under your landlord insurance to ensure the coverage you have protects you as much as possible.
3. Make it a habit to review your current insurance policies annually
As a landlord with multiple rental properties, it can get pretty busy keeping up with all of them. There are life changes that could affect you and your real estate investment portfolio, so making sure you have the right coverage and properly protecting your investments is key to managing a successful rental portfolio.
You should make it a habit to review your landlord insurance at least once a year, maybe even twice a year depending on how many additions, deletions, or changes to your properties you might have in any given year. Here's why:
You acquired one or more properties into your portfolio and will need insurance coverage for them
Perhaps you sold a property and need to remove them from your existing policy
You just completed renovations to a few of your properties. You added an extra room in one property and a brand new deck in another property and will need to update the amount of insurance coverage with the two new additions
You received your projected home value appraisal on one of your properties and it has increased in value. You now need to reevaluate the amount of insurance coverage you have on that property to ensure it matches
No matter if you are a seasoned real estate investor with hundreds of properties or beginning your real estate journey with a few properties, it's always best to review your existing insurance coverages to ensure you are properly covered. Plus, one added benefit to always keep in mind is that your premiums are tax deductible!
We hope you found these three tips helpful. Remember, you should always consult your insurance agent if you have any questions on what coverage you need for your rental properties.
For help from one of our licensed agents, click here schedule a coverage review today!


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I also began restoring one of the two wrecks and am already nearly at the rolling chassis stage with chassis, axles, wheels and brakes all done. I am in danger of getting too carried away and so will take a bit of a breather for a while so that my family – and bank account – can recover. A note of caution here regarding original documents. In an effort to get the two wrecks recognised by DVLA and get new log books issued I was advised by them to send a completed form and ONLY my original documents in. This I did but after several months of chasing and chivvying I was contacted by a manager from DVLA to tell me all of my original documents had been lost! DO NOT EVER SEND YOUR ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS TO DVLA. Even more bizarrely, completely out of the blue, I received a new log book for one of the cars a few weeks later still ! Don't ask me.
The chassis
The chassis of ADU 101 was in quite good condition so its restoration has been fairly straightforward. I took it to a local grit blasting firm where it was blasted clean and painted immediately to avoid any danger of surface rust. They did a great job and this gave me a good start to the project. I also hand cleaned with drill and wire brush all of the various brackets and repainted them ready for refitting.
I have aimed to keep to a methodical system but it seems that every time I think I am ready to assemble some components there is a part that I need which is still in the box of rusty bits and I have to stop while it is made ready. Worse still is discovering that the required part does not exist and needs sourcing.
The only thing wrong with the chassis was the fuel tank pan was missing. It seems that it had been cut out at some stage, possibly due to rot. I cut a sheet of steel to size and cut out the series of round holes as per the original on my other car. The holes are for reducing weight and also drainage. I then welded the new sheet into place although I did overheat it at some stage and it has buckled slightly which has been a source of annoyance. I do have to be realistic though and it simply isn't worth replacing. It is new solid and will do its job.
I also took the leaf springs apart and cleaned them of all paint and grease. They were cord bound and again in very good condition and came up very nicely after a lot of elbow grease and wire brushing. I decided to refit original style bronze bushes and after consulting original manuals and carefully measuring the spring eyes, dumb irons and chassis brackets, came up with a design for both the shackle pins and bushes. They will comprise a steel bush fitted tightly to the spring eye, a bronze bush within the steel bush, a pair of thrust washers to bear on the ends of the bronze bush and lastly a shackle pin complete with grease channels and grease nipples. I still don't know if I want to paint the springs but I will almost certainly bind them with cord again as I really like the look.
The front axle beam has also cleaned up very well as have the steering linkages although it did take me a while to track down new track rod ends. The early Hillmans seem to have different threads on the track rods to those on the steering links. I have decided to standardise these and have had new link bars made with threads to match those on the track rods. All these components have still to be assembled.
The Engine
Although the crank was in very good condition as were the shell bearings I decided to have them redone and went in search of someone to do this. At Beaulieu I met Ian Burlingham of JEL bearings and after a chat with Ian I decided to send the engine to him for white metalling which I duly did. He made a superb job of it and the work certainly looked terrific. He advised me that Austin Seven big end bolts would do the job and being plentiful this was good news.
After carefully cleaning the rest of the engine block and giving it an initial coat of engine enamel I went for the assembly. The crank dropped in nicely and turned very smoothly. I had previously bought a number of NOS pistons and chose the best set. After adjusting the piston rings as per the manual they slid in cleanly and after a bit of a false start when I overtightened a couple of the Austin big end bolts and stretched them the whole lot was torqued up and rotated very smoothly if a little tighter than I had expected.


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MIAMI (April 15, 2015) – Holland & Knight is pleased to announce that Adolfo Jimenez, chair of Holland & Knight's South Florida Litigation Practice Group, was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award by the Daily Business Review. The newspaper recognized 22 attorneys and judges for outstanding service to the Florida legal community at its Professional Excellence Awards event on April 14.
As head of Holland & Knight's South Florida Litigation Practice Group, Mr. Jimenez is responsible for more than 75 litigators in the firm's Miami, Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach offices. He also serves as the leader of the firm's International Arbitration and Litigation Team.
Mr. Jimenez practices in litigation with emphasis on international disputes. He also practices in the areas of media law, maritime and transportation with extensive litigation and trial experience. In addition to his civil litigation practice, Mr. Jimenez represents clients in international arbitrations globally and serves as an arbitrator.
He is recognized as a leading attorney in the areas of international arbitration and commercial litigation by The Best Lawyers in America, Super Lawyers and South Florida Legal Guide. Best Lawyers named Mr. Jimenez the International Trade and Finance Lawyer of the Year for the South Florida region in 2015 and the International Arbitration Lawyer of the Year in 2014.
Please note that email communications to the firm through this website do not create an attorney-client relationship between you and the firm. Do not send any privileged or confidential information to the firm through this website. Click "accept" below to confirm that you have read and understand this notice.


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Russell Yee's Worship on the Way
Russell Yee's Worship on the Way takes an intelligent and accessible look at Asian American Christian worship. Yee's passion for the Asian American Church shows in his work, crafting a systematic answer to what he calls "the most basic questions: Does culture really matter? What does being ANA have


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For someone who's supposed to be a scholar on the EU, I don't do many games about the EU. That's because there are plenty of options out there, plus I don't often have reason to run these kinds of games, which normally need a significant number of students. Plus, it's hard to do something that's different.
However, fortune occasionally brings forth moments to change matters, and this is just such a moment.
As part of the INOTLES project, we've been running an online module with students from nine European institutions, learning about the EU. As a capstone, we're spending most of this week in Brussels, doing a variety of activities, visiting institutions, and trying the local produce. Continue reading "A little EU crisis game"


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An old tea plant turns over a colorful new leaf
Though "purple tea" is sometimes marketed as a whole new type of tea in the vein of black or green tea, this name actually refers to the cultivar of tea plant used to make it. There are many purple tea cultivars out there, even just among Chinese teas. The leaves of these plants range from green with a subtle purple tint all the way to rich saturated shades of berry-dark purple-red. Even aside from the well-researched Chinese Zi Juan cultivar, there is a natural diversity of colorful tea trees growing in the forests of Yunnan Province. An estimated 20 to 30 percent of these trees leaf out tinted in colors other than green, such as yellow, white, and of course, purple.
History of purple Chinese teas
Purple leaf plants are found in all families of tea, including the two main subspecies Camellia sinensis var. sinensis and C. sinensis var. assamica, as well as the related ancestor C. taliensis. Some of the more strikingly colored varieties belong to the C. sinensis var. assamica subspecies of the tea tree that grows in Yunnan. The purple plants in this area are most commonly found in the southern and western regions of the province. However, the small-leaf tea bush, C. sinensis var. sinensis, produces its own purple members as well. The green tea Gu Zhu Zi Sun (Purple Bamboo Shoot) was named for the faint purple blush of its youngest leaves. This former tribute tea has a very long history dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Tea plants with oddly colored leaves are nothing new.
Until recently, though, purple leaf plants in Yunnan were largely ignored by tea makers, let alone consumers. Some producers even go as far as to request their exclusion from the harvest, having noticed that the darker-than-usual leaves make a noticeable difference in the flavor of the tea. Of course, local people of the many ethnic minorities living in Yunnan have long been aware of zi cha "purple tea," since they are the ones who own, care for, and harvest the highly-prized old growth tea trees that typically produce it in their tea gardens and the surrounding mountain rainforests. The broader interest in making tea from purple leaf plants in particular is a recent thing. Intensely purple cultivars have been developed in China, Kenya, India, and Japan and are now appearing on the market for consumption.
The original purple leaf trees in Yunnan display the purple coloration only in the youngest leaves of new growth. If allowed to grow to maturity, the purple leaves will fade to green again. Because of this, they're also called zi ya ("purple buds") by locals. They are known to grow most commonly under two conditions: at high altitudes, and on older tea plants. Though the young leaves are dark enough to be quite distinct from your average green tea leaf, they are typically not as deep purple as super-dark cultivars like second-generation Zi Juan.
In China, tea scientists first learned of purple-leafed tea trees growing in the Nannuo Mountains in the Menghai area in southern Yunnan, near the famous tea-producing region of Xishuangbanna in the 1950s. The darkest of these was the original Zi Juan variety, which fully displays the reddish-purple coloration on the first 4-5 leaves and even on the stem of the new growth. This rare variety was poetically named "Zi Juan" after a beloved character from the Chinese classic Dream of the Red Chamber, whose name includes the character zi 紫 for "purple." Teas like our Zi Juan Chun Cha (Purple Spring Tea), Zi Juan Gong Ting (Purple Leaf Palace Puer), and Zi Ye Shu (Purple Leaf Shu Puer) are made from these traditional variety trees. Other teas like our Hei Tiao Zi (Black Stripe) are made from a slightly lighter purple variety, which only shows purple on the youngest 2-3 leaves and has regular green stems.
The development of intense purple cultivars began in 1985, when researchers took cuttings from these Zi Juan Camellia sinensis var. assamica trees in the forest and began growing them at the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Tea Institute. Through a process of propagating and backcrossing these cuttings, they were able to selectively breed tea plants with a much more concentrated dark purple color. This new second-generation cultivar was also named Zi Juan after the original trees. Material from second-generation Zi Juan plants are typically reserved for making green tea instead of puer.
The rise of purple leaf puer
The Zi Juan cultivar produces buds that are a much darker purple than its forebears, even in the younger plants. Not only that, but a noticeable purple coloring persists even in the mature leaves, and the difference is obvious when placed side by side with a green tea plant. Like the ancestral purple leaf plants, this cultivar is particularly rich in the anthocyanins that cause the coloration. These flavonoid antioxidants have been highly touted for many health benefits, including their support of the immune system.
Puer cakes made exclusively from purple leaves are quite a new development. Our Jing Mai Teng La Zi Juan (Purple Tea Buds) and Zi Juan (Purple Tea Leaves) sheng puer cakes are made entirely from the leaves of the original Zi Juan variety. Since we first began seeing these purple cakes in 2006, enthusiasm for purple leaf teas has spread across continents.
In China, most purple leaves of any origin are still used to make sheng puer tea cakes as per tradition. However, as puer ripening techniques improve, some producers are starting to make shu puer with them. In Kenya, much of the purple leaf crops grown there are made into black tea, and the Japanese "Sunrouge" cultivar is processed as a green.
Genetics and environmental factors
People originally thought that the production of purple leaves was dependent on soil conditions. However, scientists have since discovered that this trait has a heritable genetic basis that is also affected by environmental conditions. In the Zi Juan cultivar, the purple coloration is produced by the upregulation of a transcription factor that helps control the levels of anthocyanins present. Exposing the plant to cooler temperatures and longer periods of light exposure seems to encourage the upregulation of this transcription factor. This leads to greater accumulation of anthocyanins in the leaves, turning them darker purple. These findings corroborate the traditional knowledge that purple leaf plants are found at higher elevations, where the temperatures are colder.
Many of these cultivars are developed not only for color, but for resistance to agricultural stresses like drought, pests, and temperature extremes. The production of extra anthocyanins appears to originally be one of the plant's responses to such conditions, helping them survive such environmental challenges. If the high levels of anthocyanins make the plants better adapted to survive in our ever more unpredictable climate, it's possible that purple cultivars will become quite valuable to tea farmers for more reasons than just their aesthetic, nutritional, and gastronomic qualities.
In the end, purple leaf tea is another one of those many cases where a natural variation is cultivated by humans and taken to an extreme. People have made tea using purple plants for thousands of years. However, intense purple cultivars like Zi Juan have only arisen in the past thirty years. It's yet to be seen whether they will become more widely recognized and available, or remain a colorful oddity enjoyed only by the tea enthusiasts who seek them out.
"Aster tea." baike.baidu.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 June 2019. [https://baike.baidu.com/item/紫鹃茶/9545307?fromtitle=紫娟&fromid=6349080]
Bolton, Dan. "Purple Tea Ready For Prime Time." worldteanews.com World Tea News, 7 Aug. 2017. Web. 5 June 2019. [https://worldteanews.com/tea-industry-news-and-features/purple-tea-ready-for-prime-time]
"Camellia sinensis." wikipedia.org. Wikipedia, n.d. Web. 5 June 2019. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camellia_sinensis]
Schweikart, Jörg. "Sunrouge Tea." Greentea.net. Dr. Schweikart, n.d. Web. 5 June 2019. [https://www.greentea.net/sunrouge-tea/]
Shen, Jiazhi, Zou Zhongwei, Zhang Xuzhou, Zhou Lin, Wang Yuhua, Fang Wanping and Zhu Xujun. "Metabolic analyses reveal different mechanisms of leaf color change in two purple-leaf tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) cultivars." Horticulture Research 2:7 (2018). Web. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5802758/]
Sun, Binmei, Zhu Zhangsheng, Cao Panrong, Chen Hao, Chen Changming, Zhou Xin, Mao Yanhui, Lei Jianjun, Jiang Yanpin, Meng Wei, Wang Yingxi and Liu Shaoqun. "Purple foliage coloration in tea (Camellia sinensis L.) arises from activation of the R2R3-MYB transcription factor CsAN1." Scientific Reports 6. Article 32535 (2016). N. pag. Web. [https://www.nature.com/articles/srep32534]
"Yunnan Purple Bud – Purple Tea – Zi Juan." puercn.com. Chinese Tea Net, 29 June 2012. Web. 5 June 2019. [http://www.puercn.com/puerchazs/peczs/20429.html]


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Thursday 11/10/2005
Nov. 10, 2005
The Clemson basketball team will participate in the NABC Reading Program, which is an annual national literacy program sponsored by the National Association of Basketball Coaches. Players from the Tiger basketball squad will be visiting the local Central and Clemson Elementary schools to promote the importance of reading and education to children.
Tiger players Akin Akingbala, Steve Allen, Vernon Hamilton, Troy Mathis, James Mays, and Sam Perry will be visiting Central Elementary on December 2. Speaking at Clemson Elementary on December 5th will be Akingbala, Allen, Mathis, and Perry.
The NABC Reading Program was founded to assist the literacy movement in America. The program hopes to motivate and encourage children to read for enjoyment as a lifelong practice. The program will also allow collegiate basketball players to serve as needed role models to the youth of their community.
"We think this is a great way to serve young people," said Jim Haney, NABC Executive Director.
The NABC was founded in 1927 and currently claims approximately 5000 members from NCAA Divisions I, II, III, NAIA, junior college, and high school. Since its inception, the NBAC has continually worked to further the best interests of the game of basketball as well as the players and coaches who participate in the sport.
August 18, 2020
July 31, 2020
July 22, 2020
July 16, 2020


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Úspěchy iMachiningu
iMachining ušetřil Wuxi Turbine Blade Co. 60% času obrábění
Technik SolidCAMu použil 2D iMachining a snížil jejich čas hrubování z 30 minut na 12 (60% zrychlení)...
iMachining savings of 45 seconds made the difference needed for an existing customer to ultimately increase profit margins
Job Shop
...In the one roughing operation the part had, SolidCAM saved 70% in cycle time, which saved 7% of the overall machining time...
iMachining Success at important Aircraft parts company
Show them iMachining live on their machine - cut one big Titanium part - result was really good. They make parts for Civilian & Military Aircraft, Space Rockets..
iMachining 2D & 3D impressive results cutting steel and titanium
Úspěchy iMachiningu u zákazníků
"It is incredibly impressive seeing iMachining cutting stainless steel 1.4301 - we would have never thought such results were possible".
Saving 80% cycle time, cutting titanium with iMachining 2D
Job Shop
..total saving for 75 parts: 16 hr 52 min.. customer was completely excited and amazed
iMachining titanium benchmark at SolidCAM customer
Úspěchy iMachiningu u zákazníků
We cut titanium and saved the customer 54% for each part (42 min instead of 90 min).They have now to cut 200 such parts.
Galander Medical GmbH on iMachining: "The cost savings are very big"
Úspěchy iMachiningu u zákazníků
..a part from customer that took him 7 hours and 30 minutes to manufacture, we did it in iMachining in 2 hours and 50 minutes..iMachining software pays for itself very quickly
iMachining Test Cut in Titanium At Avco - more than 50% saving
..They have to do many batches of 12 such Boeing 787 titanium parts in the coming months
SolidCAM iMachining trial in Titanuim at GKN Aerospace,together with ISCAR UK
..looking at ways of improving their machining times, improve tool life and improve surface finish..generated iMachining toolpaths cutting Titanium - they were so impressed by the results


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Spiked by Montezuma-Cortez's sliding Kevin Morales, Bayfield third baseman Zane Phelps not only applied the tag to catch the Panther stealing, but had a slight puncture in his left forearm to show as a souvenir.
First baseman Noah Loutherback showed off a ripped sock afterwards, evidence of an M-CHS runner attempting to cleat his foot off the bag while passing by to avoid hearing the umpire's "Out!" shout.
And shortstop Matthew Knickerbocker was wrecked by visiting leftfielder Ian Roberson's excessive take-out slide while trying to turn two on batter Konnar McGee-who was immediately declared out as well due to runner interference causing the pileup at second base.
No wonder Wolverine catcher Kelton McCoy called the teams' non-league clash Tuesday "ugly."
Thankfully things came to an end before they worsened. After his wreck in the top of the fifth inning, Knickerbocker cracked a one-out single off M-CHS reliever Coby Baer in the bottom half to bring in Anthony Chamblee and lock up a 13-3 victory at Wolverine Field.
Bumped up to fourth in this week's CHSAANow.com Class 3A poll after a 15-0, 9-0 home sweep of Alamosa last Saturday, BHS' first five hitters walked against Montezuma-Cortez starter Andrew Laymon. Taed Heydinger then singled home Knickerbocker and Phelps to buck the boring trend.
Loutherback then doubled to deep center, plating Heydinger. Ahead 5-1 after one inning, Bayfield was not to be caught as Chamblee and Knickerbocker scored in the second inning and five more runs came in the fourth.
Leading off four Wolverine at-bats in the five innings, Chamblee finished 2-for-2 with two walks and scored four times. Knickerbocker-who fired a five-inning no-hitter in Game 1 versus AHS and K'd six-was 1-2, also drew two bases-on-balls, and scored three runs. Phelps was 1-2 with a walk, scored twice and knocked in three.
Heydinger and Loutherback each had a hit and two RBI, and Dillon Hoselton was 1-2 with a walk and an RBI as Brody McGhehey-1-for-3 with a walk and two runs himself-had abundant support to earn the win on the mound. The junior worked 3-1/3 innings, allowing five M-CHS hits and three runs.
Phelps then followed with 1-2/3 innings of hitless relief, including a beaning of Roberson immediately prior to the Panther's ill-advised effort at rattling Knickerbocker.
Up next for Bayfield (12-2, 4-0 IML) will be an Intermountain doubleheader away tomorrow at Monte Vista, with first pitch of Game 1 against the struggling Pirates (2-13, 1-5) slated for 11 a.m.
THIS WEEK'S TOP TEN (first-place votes): 1.Eaton (7), 2.Lamar (2), 3.Gunnison, 4.BAYFIELD (1), 5.Manitou Springs, 6.Brush, 7.Arvada Faith Christian, 8.Greeley University, 9.Sterling, 10.Gilcrest Valley.


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