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Inasmuch as you'all thought enough of my article "The Enemy Of My Enemy Is My Friend" to make a sticky of it, I thought perhaps other articles I've written might be of interest too. So here's a second one.
If you'all find it interesting, I'll post others.
NOTES: This is the text of an article I wrote for "Precision Shooting" magazine six years ago. I no longer have the pics that went with the article. I have updated the text a little where I deemed it appropriate.
Aparently I'm too verbose. The site requires me to break this article into two threads.
MODERATOR: Much of the article is directed toward bolt action rifles. However, much is applicable to any type of action. If this is not the appropriate subforum for this article, feel free to move, or remove, it.
Hawkeye Wizard
1st SEMESTER
RB 101 is a two-semester course designed for shooters who have little or no experience shooting rimfire benchrest matches. It is also applicable to shooters with some rimfire benchrest experience whose scores are not as high as they desire. And the basic principles taught in RB 101 should have value in a multitude of shooting disciplines.
First semester topics address sources of KNOWLEDGE about rimfire benchrest and provide guidelines for EQUIPMENT AND EQUIPMENT SELECTION needed to compete successfully. EQUIPMENT SOURCES for selected pieces of equipment are also included at the end of the text.
Second semester topics include: ONE-TIME PREPARATIONS, --- PRACTICE DAYS, --- BEFORE EACH MATCH DAY, --- SHOOTING THE MATCH, --- and AFTER THE LAST SHOTS FIRED.
Required readings for RB 101 include this article, the second semester article which will appear in next months Precision Shooting, and six other Precision Shooting articles that are referenced in these articles.
The goals of RB 101 are to: encourage shooters to enter the rimfire benchrest game; to reduce the learning curve of new shooters by at least 12 months; and to increase the scores of experienced shooters.
Lets assume that youre starting from scratch into the rimfire benchrest game. You need both knowledge about the sport and appropriate equipment with which to compete.
Of the two, knowledge should be your first priority. Without adequate knowledge as a basis, youll be hard-pressed to select good equipment. Fortunately, detailed knowledge is more available than ever before.
Much detailed information is available through Precision Shooting, back issues. You can obtain some back issues of Precision Shooting on EBAY.
Ive never found a book dedicated to rimfire benchrest; but a number of books have been written on centerfire benchrest shooting. Most of them contain tips that would apply to rimfire benchrest as well. Two books that I have found particularly valuable are:
"Extreme Rifle Accuracy" by Mike Ratigan
"The Benchrest Shooting Primer" Edited by Dave Brennen
Much valuable information about rimfire ammunition is provided in "Riflemans Guide To Rimfire Ammunition" by Steven Boelter.
As you would expect, the internet is an invaluable source of information. One site devoted exclusively to centerfire and rimfire benchrest competition is Benchrest Central (
). Another is Rimfire Accuracy. Reading rimfire forums daily will put you in contact with some of the leading shooters in the country. However, you may find some personal animosity among the participants that occasionally makes threads on the sites seem emotionally immature.
Several organizations sanction rimfire benchrest shooting competitions. Each organization has its own rules. And, some organizations are well represented in some areas of the country, but dont sponsor many clubs in other areas. Obviously its essential to know the rules of the various organizations, and to know which organizations sponsor matches within your commuting distance. Fortunately, the Benchrest Central homepage contains links to all of the rimfire benchrest organizations. Simply click on their icons. You will be linked directly to each of their sites where you can read the rules and find a complete list of clubs and their schedules.
All of this booklearnin is necessary; but it isnt nearly as much fun as going to a match. So visit matches near you, watch, ask questions, and learn.
This article is intended to be merely an overview. It cannot provide any semblance of complete, detailed information. (To do that would require an entire book.) Ive already written several articles on various aspects of rimfire benchrest shooting for Precision Shooting. I doubt if the esteemed editor would condone the redundancy of publishing their content again within this article. So, as appropriate, Ill just refer you to my other articles for more detailed information on particular subjects.
As you read the references Ive given above, youll probably come to two conclusions about equipment. First, there is quite a diversity of opinions. Second, not all advice is good advice. With that forewarning, Im going to give you my opinions regarding equipment. As a minimum, this section should provide you with a fairly complete list of the equipment you need to compete. Whether you accept my opinions or not is completely up to you.
First, let me make a few general comments about equipment.
While its theoretically possible to win with cheap, used equipment, its also theoretically possible to win the lottery. (Let me know if you do either one!!!!) Buying the best equipment from the start will certainly be more expensive. However, the resale value of that equipment will also be higher. If you buy the best and later decide to dispose of it, you probably wont have lost any more money than if youd bought cheap equipment that you cant resell.
You should consider all of your equipment to be one holistic system, assembled to shoot one shot at each of 25 bullseyes as accurately as possible within a limited timeframe. The system directly involved is the rifle with its tuner and tuner weights, scope, scope rings, rest(s), ammo, and windflags. Indirect, supporting components of the system include cleaning equipment and other ancillary items. You should consider every one of these components carefully. Poor selection of any component will reduce your ability to be competitive.
The list of equipment used by rimfire benchrest shooters who compete at the national level is a reasonably good indicator of whats competitive at that level. Fortunately, the American Rimfire Association website lists equipment used by competitors in their national competitions. However, when you view the lists, dont be particularly concerned about what the Winner used. Look more for equipment that is used by many of the better shooters. The ARA list includes not only the rifles components, but also the brand of ammo used, and the name of the gunsmith who assembled the rifle --- a virtual cornucopia of information!!!!!!!!
Now lets turn our attention to all of the specific pieces of equipment that you need to compete (at least its a complete list of all of the items that I need).
RIFLE --- Nearly all rifles are built from scratch by rimfire custom gunsmiths (or factory rifles that have had much customizing done to them by such gunsmiths). Rifles are composed of a receiver (with bolt), barrel, stock, and trigger. We really need to discuss each of these four components separately.
Based on national level equipment lists, the most popular receivers seem to be the Turbo and the Remington 40X with Anschutz, Winchester 52, Suhl, Hall, Swindlehurst, 2500X, and other custom actions also appearing with some regularity. These actions can be divided into two categories -- factory and custom. The factory receivers (Remington, Anschutz, Winchester, and Suhl) often must be reworked to eliminate the normal variations found in mass production in order for them to be suitable for benchrest accuracy. The Turbo receiver is arguably the most popular action. It is built expressly for rimfire benchrest. It is very rigid and manufactured to very tight tolerances. However, its small loading port may not be as readily loaded as other receivers. Each receiver has some advantages and disadvantages. Talk to experienced shooters and your trusted rimfire gunsmith before you select a receiver for your rifle.
Barrels from Shilen, Border, Lilja, Broughton, Mueller, and Hart are commonly found. All of these barrels are capable of winning. However, they may vary considerably from manufacturer to manufacturer in their rate of rifling twist, the shape of their rifling lands, and even the number of lands. Standard rifling twist is 1 turn in 16 inches. Some barrels have twists as slow as 1 turn in 18 inches. While this difference may not seem like much, the slower twist wont stabilize some brands of ammunition, especially in cooler climates. On the other hand, shooters in hot climates claim that with ammo it favors, a barrel with a slow twist will outshoot a faster twist barrel. Some barrels have ratchet rifling, utilizing lands with only one edge. Each land then tapers down on the other side to groove diameter. And some barrels have as few as two lands. All of these rifling styles have some devotees. As for myself, Im somewhat of a traditionalist, I live in a cooler climate, and I favor barrels that like a variety of ammo. So, I use barrels with 1 turn in 16 twists and four to six rifling lands.
Stocks come from McMillan, Shenane, Stith, TM Stockworks, and a few others. Some shooters favor fiberglass or carbon stocks; others prefer wood. Each material has some advantages. Fiberglass and carbon stocks can be made physically lighter than wood stocks. And some benchrest associations have weight limits on rifles. Stock selection can have a major effect on the weight of the rifle. So make certain that you select a stock (and a barrel configuration) that will allow your finished, scoped rifle to meet the weight criteria for all competitions that you intend to enter. Fiberglass and carbon stocks are also relatively insensitive to warpage due to age or changes in humidity. And their buttstocks are often hollow, allowing you to add weight to change the balance and recoil characteristics of the rifle to suit your taste. Wood stocks, on the other hand, have a traditional beauty, and they are said to transmit less vibration during shooting, leading to better inherent accuracy.
Jewel triggers are nearly universally used. Benchrest triggers typically have pull weights of only a few ounces. So, specialized triggers are required. Few factory triggers can be set light enough.
TUNER ---As far as I can tell, approximately 100% of serious benchrest shooters have some type of tuner on their barrels. There are several brands of tuners on the market. But, they all have one thing in common -- they place significant weight ahead of the muzzle in a fashion that allows the location of the weight to be changed in very small increments. Id suggest that you consult the rimfire benchrest forums for voluminous discussions on the subject. Then, ask your rimfire benchrest gunsmiths advice and take it.
SCOPE --- As you might expect, national equipment lists typically show some preference for Leupold scopes with good showings by Weaver, and Sightron. Shooters with bottomless billfolds opt for Nightforce and March scopes. Whatever brand you choose, I recommend a 30X to 40X fixed power scope with fine crosshairs and a 1/8 minute dot. Less than 30 power makes precise aiming more difficult. More than 40 power isnt needed and it increases the problems of mirage. The 1/8 minute dot only covers 1/16 at 50 yards; and it is more easily seen under poor lighting conditions than fine crosshairs alone.
SCOPE RINGS --- Key characteristics of scope rings are that: they must hold the scope rigidly without distorting or damaging it; they must be in perfect alignment with each other; they must be high enough to allow the scopes objective bell to clear the barrel and its eyepiece to clear the bolt handle; they must allow you to zero the scope near the middle of the scopes adjustment range; and they must not be unduly heavy. For me, Burris Signature rings have all of these characteristics. You can read about them and how I install them in my article The One Shot Zero --- First Time, Every Time in the July 2009 issue of PS.
AMMO --- Eley ammo is used by the vast preponderance of shooters. Lapua is the only other brand with any significant presence, and it is a far distant second. However, merely purchasing generic Eley ammo wont guarantee success. Eley comes in two bullet styles, flat-nosed EPS and round-nosed Semi Auto. And it comes in various grades with Tenex being the most expensive, followed by Match, and then Team. Riflemans Guide To Rimfire Ammunition by Steven Boelter is entirely devoted to rimfire ammunition accuracy. It is well worth reading. And my article Testing Conventional Wisdom About .22LR Ammo Accuracy in the August 2009 issue of PS should give you additional food for thought.
REST(S) --- Rests are absolutely critical to the accuracy of the entire benchrest system. So their judicious selection is paramount. There are essentially two different styles of rests --- one piece rests, and two piece rests (where the front and rear portions of the rest are not connected). Each rimfire benchrest sanctioning organization has specific rules regarding rests. Make certain that you understand the rules for all organizations that you plan to compete under and select a rest that is legal for all of them. For a detailed discussion of types of rests and their advantages and disadvantages, see my article entitled One- Piece Or Two --- The Great Rimfire Rest Shootoff in the October 2009 issue of PS.
See my next thread for the rest of this article.
Hawkeye Wizard
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Here's the continuation of the article that I started in my last post. Hope you enjoy it.
Hawkeye Wizard
WINDFLAGS --- At major matches, windflags can be seen in a dazzling array of variations. Variations include: single or double tail; propeller or ball on the front; large tails or small; light or heavy streamers; and in all colors of the rainbow. While it may not appear so, each of these variations has advantages and disadvantages. Single tails store compactly. Double tails take up far more room. But, for me, its much easier to read the angle of the wind on a double tail. Propellers aid in gauging the wind speed. But balls react more quickly to switches in wind direction. Large windflags can be seen at greater distances. But smaller flags have less inertia, so they react more quickly. Light streamers react to even the slightest breeze. However, a stronger wind will quickly make them stand horizontal, reducing their value as an aid to gauging wind speed. Color of the windflags isnt significant as long as opposite sides of the tails have contrasting colors and both colors are easy to see. Most windflags are designed for centerfire benchrest, where ranges are much longer than in rimfire benchrest. So, centerfire flags need to be relatively large. But, for rimfire, I like smaller, more reactive flags with small propellers, double tails, and lightweight streamers. Before you purchase your own windflags, you should go to a few matches and watch all of the windflags. As you do, keep in mind the tips Ive given above. Regardless of what style you select, youll need three to five identical flags. (Flags that arent identical will only add to your mental confusion.) In my opinion, less than three flags dont give adequate data. More than five is confusing. Four is about right. A number of companies and individuals sell good quality windflags. Many of them advertise in the Classifieds on Benchrest Central. Others can be found through a Google search. I love my Wicks flags. Unfortunately, he is no longer in business. However, there are many other purveyors of excellent flags. Study their design and construction. Im sure you will find a design that suits you.
WINDFLAG STANDS --- Stands come in two basic styles - tripod or step-in rods. Tripod stands are better on hard, rocky, and sandy ground. And, theyre easy to precisely level. Step-in stands are lighter and more compact. I use microphone stands for my tripod stands. They are sturdy, and heavy enough that they wont easily blow over. And, theyre usually less than $25 apiece at used musical instrument stores. I buy stainless steel rods at the local ACE hardware store that fit my windflag pivots. Using a file, I round the end of the rod. Then I use two radiator hose clamps to clamp the rod to the top of my stand. A piece of hard rubber between the rod and the stand keeps everything solidly in place.
WINDICATORS --- Windicators are wind reading devices that pivot back and forth perpendicular to the bullets line of flight. They only read crosswinds, so they wont help when winds are primarily headwinds or tailwinds. But when the wind is crossing, Windicators are very valuable. I have Windicators that clip onto my windflag stands. They are compact to transport. And, I can simultaneously focus on a flag and its associated Windicator. Unfortunately, they arent manufactured any longer. However, other brands of free-standing Windicators are still available. They have good reputations; but, I dont have first-hand experience with them. Many of them advertise in Precision Shooting and on the Benchrest Central website.
If you dont use Windicators, youll probably want to modify your windflags to help you estimate wind speed (more about this topic in the Second Semester).
WINDFLAG BOX --- Your windflag box should contain your windflags and everything else that goes down range. That way, you need only walk down once. As a minimum, it should hold (and protect) your delicate windflags, a stapler with extra staples, windflag leveling blocks, and a level for your targets. The size box youll need is primarily dictated by your choice of windflags. I use a clear plastic tote with a smaller plastic box pop-riveted to one end of the bottom. The small box holds my stapler, staples, wedges, and target level. Four PVC tubes pop-riveted to the end hold my Windicators. And a piece of PVC pipe pop-riveted across the top is my carry handle.
STAPLER WITH EXTRA STAPLES --- My Craftsman Easy Fire stapler will imbed staples easily, even into plywood. I like it!!! (Be sure that you have lots of extra staples. Im always surprised at how quickly I run out.)
WINDFLAG LEVELING BLOCKS --- Its important that your windflag stands are exactly vertical because horizontal windflags will feel less drag and be more sensitive. If you use tripod windflag stands, youll need some way to level them. 2X4 boards cut at 30 degree angle work very well. Include one for each windflag.
TARGET LEVEL --- Its absolutely essential that you put up your targets exactly level. So youll need some kind of line level. (More about this in the second semester.)
EQUIPMENT BOX --- Your equipment box should contain everything that you might need at the bench.
FEET FOR REST --- These are thin steel discs with a countersink in the middle and rubber on the bottom. Using them under the feet of your rest, you wont have to pound the rest into the bench top. The discs are particularly valuable if youre using the rear leg screw of a two-piece rest for elevation adjustment from bull to bull. They make tracking of the elevation adjustment much more uniform.
WIND RECORD BOOK --- Making a wind record book and using it to shoot in the wind are far too complex to explain here. Fortunately, Ive already written an extensive article on this subject. I suggest that you read The Enemy Of My Enemy Is My Friend in the February 2009 issue of PS.
(New Note: When I shot IR 50/50 with it's 30 minute relays, I had time to record wind conditions in a book I made for that purpose. The 20 minute relays of ARA and the 15 minute relays of ABRA may not allow recording in a book. In those disciplines, you may have to memorize your hold offs.)
CHAMBER SAFETY FLAG --- Most organizations require bolt removal. I hate it!!!! Being slightly uncoordinated, theres always a chance I might drop my bolt. Or, it might pick up some dirt off the bench. Or, being slightly senile, I might forget my bolt at the range some day. I always ask the match director if I can use a chamber flag instead of removing my bolt. I use chamber flag whenever its permitted. Just buy a dozen from the Civilian Marksmanship Program and put one in each gun case. Then, youll always have one with you.
RUBBER BANDS FOR ELEY OPENED BOXES-- Eley ammo is good; but their boxes, once opened, are poor. The lids just dont want to stay on. Rubber bands are necessary to keep lids on previously opened boxes.
AMMO BOX --- During the match (or practice) you need to focus solely on your windflags and shot execution. Any distraction from that focus is a problem. Cartridges in factory boxes are difficult to grasp. Before match day, I transfer my cartridges to an MTM .22 rimfire cartridge box. It holds 100 rimfire cartridges with plenty of room to grasp each of them. It also holds two extra factory boxes of cartridges. Thats plenty for any match. (I refill my ammo box from the two factory boxes after each target.) And the MTM boxes comes in several colors, so you can color code them for various guns and their favorite ammo. Any of the large retailers of firearm accessories carry a variety of MTM boxes, including the rimfire boxes.
TIMER --- Knowing how much time you have left in a match is ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL! It is impossible to focus on wind conditions and shot execution if youre wondering how much time is left. An ordinary kitchen timer is fine as long as it has large, easy to read digits and counts in minutes and seconds.
INK PENS --- Carry at least two pens. Record the date, weather, gun, ammo, and wind conditions on every practice and match target.
TOOL KIT --- For me, the Chapman screwdriver kit is light, compact, and fills the need nicely.
PRACTICE TARGETS --- If youre going to practice as if it were a match, youll need practice targets exactly like match targets. Fortunately, the benchrest associations sell them. Just check their websites and buy several hundred.
HAWKEYE BORE SCOPE --- An expensive, but absolutely essential, item if you really want to know the condition and cleanliness of your bore. Hawkeyes are sold in a variety of lengths and diameters. For .22 rimfires, the 17 Deluxe Focusing model in a hard case works very well.
CLEANING ROD W/JAG --- My choice definitely flies in the face of conventional wisdom, but I like a .17 cal Dewey rod. Its stiff enough to push the patches that I use. And it gives me lots of clearance within the bore. However, it may not be long enough for some rifles. Any rod needs to push the patch clear out of the tuner. Otherwise, sooner or later, youll leave a patch in there. My second choice, if I need a longer rod, is a .20 cal Dewey rod.
(NEW NOTE: I still like the .17 cal Dewey. However, I have since gone to one piece stainless steel .20 cal Ivy Rods made by Dennis Phillips.)
BORE GUIDE --- I cant think of a simpler, but more misused device. Everyone recommends them. (Its almost a mortal sin to clean without one!) But most bore guides do more harm than good. Lets think about this for a moment. The purpose of a bore guide is to prevent your cleaning rod from rubbing on the lands of our rifling. The guide will only provide that protection if its inside diameter is a slip fit over your rods outside diameter. If you can push a patch through your bore guide, its OD is far too big to prevent the rod from rubbing on your bore.
(New Note: I use a two-piece bore guide. The outer piece fits closely into the receiver. The inner piece fits closely into the outer piece and closely around the cleaning rod.)
PATCHES --- Patches, although seemingly simple and cheap, are vitally important. They must not be too big, or too small. They must fit just right WITH YOUR CLEANING JAG. If they are too big, you risk bending your cleaning rod and rubbing your delicate bore with it. If theyre too small, they wont clean effectively. Military surplus patches (Swab, Small Arms Cleaning, NSN 1005-912-4248) fit my Dewey .17 cal jag perfectly. They can be found at most gun shows.
LEAD CLEANING CLOTH --- Effectively removes the nasty lead/carbon ring at the front of your barrels chamber. You can read much more about them in Inspecting and Cleaning Rimfire Bores, PS December 2008.
TOOTHBRUSH --- Cleans the bolt face, breech face, and inside the tuner.
COTTON CLOTH --- A piece of old cotton t-shirt wrapped around the toothbrush cleans out the tuner.
LIGHTER FLUID --- Two ounce triggers are delicate. A little oil or dirt can cause them to malfunction. If they malfunction, cleaning them out with lighter fluid can often rectify the problem.
SUPER LUBE --- Use it to lube the bolt cam path and the striker cam path. ACE Hardware stores carry it.
(New Note: Use Super Lube sparingly and don't let it get into the firing pin channel where it might slow down firing pin fall.)
MINIMAG 3 WATT LED FLASHLIGHT --- If you cant see it, you cant clean it. Hence, the value of the flashlight and the magnifying headband listed below.
OPTIVISOR MAGNIFING HEAD BAND --- Magnifying glasses in a headband. They can be tilted up out of the way or tilted down to magnify small parts and close work. I like the #5 magnification.
DO or DO NOT. There is no TRY Jedi Master Yoda
Congratulations. If youve done the outside reading that I recommended, youve now successfully completed the first semester of RB 101.
Ron Elbe
Most of the products and companies that Ive mentioned in this article are recognized worldwide and can be readily found through a Google search or among the sources listed in Benchrest Central. And, Ive already listed some other sources in previous PS articles that Ive referenced herein. However, some products are sold by individuals or very small companies that might be difficult to locate. Ive listed some of those sources here. Its possible that other companies produce similar products, but I havent dealt with them yet.
Tru-Kote Precision Products
224-B Kitchen Lane
White Post, Va 22663
[email protected]
Civiliam Marksmanship Program
1401 Commerce Blvd
Anniston Al. 36207
[email protected]
Open Bolt Indicators, Part Number 244 (Unit of Issue -- 12)
Phone: 800-741-0015
Item # 255-005-000AA[/COLOR]
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Inasmuch as I started this article in two previous threads, I felt obliged to finish it here.
2nd SEMESTER
In the first semester of RB 101, we identified key sources of knowledge and listed all equipment needed to compete. In this semester, we will learn how to make small, but important, modifications to our equipment. And well learn the basics of equipment tuning, practice, pre-match preparations, shooting the match, and post-match tasks. Again, well reference previous articles to provide detailed explanations of key topics.
MODIFY YOUR WINDFLAGS --- Your windflags will be more sensitive if their pivots are exactly plumb. The easy way to plumb them each time you set them out is to install a bubble level on the top of each pivot with double sided tape. Installing the level on top of the pivot will minimize its inertial effect. It wont significantly slow the responsiveness of your flag. Then, if you use tripod stands, merely slip a tapered board under the low foot of the tripod until your flag is plumb. If you use step-in stands, youll just have to keep the rod vertical as you step it into the ground.
MAKE A LEVEL FOR YOUR TARGETS --- Any kind of bubble line level will work. But, its very handy to be able to hang the level on the target as you staple the target up. Otherwise, stapling up a level target takes three hands. Fortunately its easy and inexpensive to make such a level. Simply Super Glue a line level onto the lid of a plastic Eley ammo box. Then paint the area of the lid thats behind the bubble with white paint for improved visibility.
INSTALL A LEVEL ON YOUR REST --- The level must show you when the rests surface that interfaces with the rifles forearm is exactly level side to side. If your front rest is a sandbag, set your rifle firmly into it. Then adjust the leveling feet on the rest until the bottom of your rifles forearm is exactly level. (Hold a level up against the bottom of the forearm.) Then you can glue a line level against any handy surface on your rest and it will be level with your front sandbag.
LEVEL YOUR RIFLES SCOPE --- Read The One Shot Zero......First Time, Every Time! in the July 09 issue of PS. The zeroing procedure detailed in that article is fine for most shooters. But, it isnt quite good enough for benchrest. After youve installed your scope as the article recommends, you need to EXACTLY level your scope on the rest. This needs to be done at the range. Heres how.
First put up a LEVEL rimfire benchrest target. Use your target level to make sure that the target is exactly level. Now set up your rest and level it side to side. Put your rifle on the rest and look through the scope. If the horizontal crosshair EXACTLY intersects a row of bulls, youre done. If not, loosen the scope rings and rotate the scope until it does. Now you should be able to run the rifle back and forth across a row of bulls using only the windage adjustment in your rest. You should also be able to adjust the windage knob on your scope without any effect on the reticles elevation. If not, somethings wrong. Perhaps the target or the rest isnt exactly level. The goal is to be able to shoot across a row of bulls without having to make an elevation adjustment. Or shoot down a row of bulls without making a windage adjustment. When you can do that, your rifle and mount set up is ready.
TUNING VERSUS PRACTICE --- Tuning and practice are two entirely different things. Too many shooters confuse the two; and, therefore, never get the best results from either.
Tuning is optimizing the performance of your equipment. It is selecting the most accurate brand and lot of ammunition. It is adjusting your rifles tuner. It is balancing your windflags for maximum sensitivity. Tuning is typically done under the most benign environmental conditions. Tuning is done with no time limits. Some tuning activities can be completed without going to the range. And, some tuning activities need be done only once.
In contrast, practice is learning to get the highest possible match score from your equipment and yourself. Practice is doing EXACTLY what youll do on match day. It is setting up all of your equipment exactly like youll do on match day. It is shooting under the same time limits, at the same targets that youll use in a match. It should often be done in adverse environmental conditions so that you will be emotionally prepared for those conditions on match day.
PRACTICE --- Practice must be done exactly like a match. No shortcuts. Use the same equipment. Take the same mental approach. Use the same preparations. Set up your equipment in exactly the same order. Set each piece of equipment in exactly the same place on the bench. Shoot at official match targets. Execute the shots exactly as you would in a match. Shoot under the same time limits. Record the date, gun, tuner setting, ammo brand and lot number, weather and wind conditions, and score on each of your targets. Then analyze your shooting as I describe in What Can Your Targets Tell You? in the May 2008 PS. Analyzing your targets will help you decide how to improve your equipment and/or your skills to most improve your future scores.
PRACTICE PROCEDURE BEFORE THE FIRST SHOT --- Always do everything in the same order. Develop an efficient, habitual system that you can repeat easily. Such a habitual system will prevent distracting problems on match day.
Heres my system:
1. Carry everything to the bench.
2. Set out your windflags. Most benchrest organizations require that the tops of your flags be lower than a line from the top of the bench to the bottom of the target backer. Set your flags as high as is allowed. (You want them as close to the bullets line of flight as possible.) Some shooters recommend placing windflags on the upwind side of your line of sight to the target. They contend that its important to see wind changes BEFORE the changes reach the bullets line of flight. I would agree as long as you can still see the flags when youre in firing position.
3. Put up a level target. Im one of the few shooters who hangs his targets vertically. (Just habit, I guess.) Nearly all shooters hang their targets horizontally so that the sighters are on the left or right rather than on the top. They would rather use their windage adjustment to get back to a sighter during a match. While at the target, look back at the windflags to see if any need to be relocated. If so, move them as you go back to the bench.
4. Take everything you need out of the equipment box and put it in its proper place on the bench (ammo box, wind record book, timer, feet for rest, sandbag powder, ear plugs, etc).
5. First, place your rear bag in exactly the position that you want it. Then, set up and level your front rest, pointed exactly at the target. (Dont forget to put your disc feet under your rests feet.)
6. Adjust the windage and elevation adjustments on the rest to the center of their travels.
7. Set the rifle on the rest with bolt out or safety flag in. Remove the covers from your scopes lenses and adjustment turrets. Adjust the feet of the rest so that the crosshairs of the scope are in the center of the target. This will assure that you have adequate travel in the rest to shoot all of the bulls. Double check to assure that your rest is still level left-to-right.
8. Settle the rifle firmly in the rest. Then, slide the rifle back and forth in the rest until it returns to the same point of aim consistently.
9. Using the rests adjustment knobs, move the scopes crosshairs to a spot in the center of the target above the sighter bulls (or to the right of the sighter bulls if you hang your target horizontally).
10. Watch your flags for at least five minutes to determine the predominant wind conditions and at least one or two other conditions that you consider acceptable to shoot.
11. Put your ear plugs in and your shooting glasses on.
1. Start your timer.
2. Insert your bolt or remove your safety flag.
3. Rapidly shoot four to six shots on the target (but off of your sighter bulls) to warm the rifle. As you do this, watch the bullet points of impact to make sure that they are settling into a small group.
4. Shoot sighters in the predominant condition and at least one good condition. You need to shoot sighters in the predominant condition, even if it isnt the best condition because the predominant condition is the one you might have to shoot if time is running out on you. Then shoot sighters in one or two conditions that you WANT to shoot. If you can pick one good condition that lasts for extended times, you wont need to shoot and memorize another condition now. Shoot sighters until you are confident that you know the points of impact associated with your chosen conditions. Record the average point of impact and its associated wind condition in your wind record book. By now, its likely that 4 to 6 minutes will have elapsed since you started your timer. Dont worry. You still have plenty of time to fire your twenty five record shots, even in the short twenty minute ARA matches.
5. Shoot your record bulls. As you shoot, maintain a mental awareness of where each shot impacted compared to where you expected it to impact. Use this ever-expanding mental data base to continually refine your point of aim. If the conditions which you selected for your sighters go away, simply stop shooting and wait. While youre waiting, check your timer and do a quick mental calculation to see how much leeway you have left. Then watch other flags upwind of you so that you can foresee when you will be able to shoot again. If the condition doesnt come back within a reasonable time, select a new condition, shoot sighters and record the results. Then go back to your record bulls.
1. Look through the scope and adjust your crosshairs to the point of aim for the wind condition that you intend to shoot. If you have a good rest that will hold your rifle on exactly the point of aim that you selected, you wont need to look through your scope again. (If your rest wont do that, you need a better rest!) Now you can simply sit up and watch your wind flags. When they show your chosen condition, SHOOT. Memorize the wind conditions at exactly the time the rifle fired. For all other forms of target shooting, youre taught to know exactly where your crosshairs are when the gun fires. But, in benchrest, you already know where the crosshairs are pointed. In benchrest, its most important to know exactly where your wind flags are when the rifle fires.
2. Pull the trigger gently straight to the rear.
3. After the rifle fires, reload BEFORE you push the rifle forward into battery. That way, you wont disturb the rifles position in the rest as you reload. Take all sighter cartridges from the left side of your MTM ammo box. Take all record cartridges from the right side of the ammo box. That way, when youve fired 25 record cartridges, youll know that you havent forgotten any bulls. If you take a cartridge from the record side of the box and then use it to shoot a sighter, take the next cartridge from the sighter side to replace it.
4. Develop a reloading procedure that is fast and minimizes disturbances to the rifle on the rest. (Hint: Push the bolt forward, chambering the cartridge, by pushing with your thumb on the rear of the bolt shroud. Then lock the bolt using the bolt handle.)
5. Return the rifle forward into battery. (If the crosshairs arent very close to the previous point of aim, you have an equipment or technique problem.)
6. Adjust the rest to move the point of aim (POA) to the desired POA on the next bull. As you do so, you can simultaneously glance at the last bull to assure that the impact was where you expected it. If not, you can fine tune your POA on the next bull to compensate.
7. After youve fired all 25 record cartridges, look back over your target to make certain that each bull has one hole in it.
CHASERS VS WAITERS --- There are two styles of shooters -- those who chase conditions and those who wait for conditions. Shooters who chase conditions tend to shoot at a fairly constant rate. They guess the appropriate point of aim for whatever condition exists at the time they are ready to shoot. Shooters who wait for conditions use their sighters to select one to three conditions that they want to shoot. Then they wait for those conditions during the match. They tend to shoot far more sporadically than those who chase conditions. Admittedly, waiting for your condition to return, while your timer counts down, can be hard on the nerves. But, in my experience, chasing conditions results in far lower scores than waiting for conditions.
I wait!
I describe how to wait for conditions in The Enemy Of My Enemy Is My Friend, PS, February 2009.
Your goal the day before each match is to give yourself absolute, realistic confidence that you and your equipment are ready. Confidence will allow you to focus during the match and score to the best of your ability.
PREPARE YOURSELF EMOTIONALLY --- Review The Enemy Of My Enemy Is My Friend, particularly the section on the mental aspects of shooting.
PREPARE YOUR EQUIPMENT --- Make a list of everything you take with you to a match. Tape the list to the lid of your equipment box. Check it before every match. Pile everything youll take in one place.
CALL AHEAD --- Make sure the match is still scheduled. Double check the starting time. Determine your departure time so that you arrive at the match at least an hour before the match is scheduled to start.
As soon as you arrive at the range, register and get your targets and bench assignment. Then, immediately begin to prepare for the match exactly as you did on practice days.
Notice that this is the shortest section in the article. Thats because match day is easy. Its just another practice day. You should do everything exactly as you have practiced. If you have practiced well and prepared adequately, your mind will be free to concentrate on reading the wind and executing each shot.
Your match scores should be comparable to your practice scores. If not, your practice is inadequate, or your mental response to match shooting is self-defeating.
CHECK YOUR TARGETS BEFORE ITS TOO LATE --- Scorers make mistakes. Your targets must be posted for your inspection for a short period of time before the scores are finalized. During that time, check each bull for obvious scoring errors. Then check the mathematics.
TAKE YOUR TARGETS HOME AND ANALYZE THEM --- We discussed analyzing targets under PRACTICE above and in the article that I referenced there (What Can Your Targets Tell You? May 2008 PS).
DO ALL NECESSARY EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE --- You may need to wait until you get home to do your maintenance. But, dont put it off until the night before the next match. Do it while you remember what you noticed at the match that needed maintenance.
Clean your rifle AS NEEDED. Youll have to decide for yourself how many rounds you can fire before the rifle begins to lose accuracy.
When it does need to be cleaned, remember that the bore is the most important component of your rifle. I explained my bore cleaning procedure in Inspecting and Cleaning Rimfire Bores, PS, December 2008. I recommend that procedure to you. After your bore is clean, clean the bolt face, the breech face of the barrel, and the inside of your tuner. Grease the bolt cam path and the striker cam path with Super Lube. Using your Mag-Lite, inspect the breach face and inside of the receiver for debris and stray lint from your patches. Wipe off the exterior with WD-40. Unless you can think of some other maintenance that needs to be done, youre finished with the rifle.
Next, refill / refit everything including your MTM ammo box, stapler, etc.
Congratulations. Youve completed Rimfire Benchrest 101. Ive tried to pass along knowledge that took me three years of mistakes and mediocrity to accumulate. Hopefully, I have saved you some of that effort.
Your final exam is the scores that you will shoot. Your diploma is the fun youll have, and the friends youll make.
Ron Elbe
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If the rap on actively managed mutual funds is that they are expensive, inefficient and fail to keep up (mostly) with their benchmarks, what's the natural solution?
For years, it has been index funds, but the industry is slowly coming around to the idea that exchange-traded funds (ETFs) can do the same job and, often, do it better. Morningstar, for instance, recently made the case that 401(k) savers should have more access to them.
In an Op-Ed, the mutual fund rating firm's head of retirement research went so far as to say ETFs have three clear advantages: Price, freedom and investor engagement.
"We've reached a point where it's possible to buy ETFs that track the same indexes as comparable mutual funds, but at a lower cost," writes David Blanchett of Morningstar. "In other words, ETFs cost less to purchase, hold and sell than comparable 'best-of-breed' low-cost mutual funds that track the same portfolio."
Cost is a huge factor. ETFs that track the broad market indexes now cost as low as a bottom-scraping 0.04%, with many in the area of between 0.05% and 0.07%. (One floating-rate bond ETF costs zero.) As Blanchett notes, this push downward has been the result of a price war between the major retirement brokerages.
Why so cheap? Because the big brokerages recognize that a huge number of people will exit 401(k) plans over the next few decades and that many of them will attempt to self-direct their investments. Low-cost ETFs are the ultimate loss-leader that creates new customers for them.
Blanchett goes on to expound on the positives of ETFs, such as the number of similar competing funds. He also brings up some caveats, the most important of which is that ETFs alone are no silver bullet. You still have to manage risk and invest prudently. You still have to be sure to own a reliable portfolio that will achieve your goals on your timetable.
While many retirement investors are perfectly capable of doing so, many more will need help developing a reasonable portfolio of ETFs and help with rebalancing it in a timely, effective fashion. While the big brokerages are moving slowly toward providing that kind of support, they also are trying to find ways to make that help into a business model for themselves.
Somewhere in the middle is the self-directed investor who wants the power to make his or her own portfolio choices while not making the kinds of return-chasing mistakes that can seriously mar long-term performance. For those folks, the discipline to rebalance on time is an important piece of the retirement portfolio puzzle.
Will 401(k) plans eventually cede to the tremendous cost savings available through ETFs? Certainly the industry seems to think it's the best choice for retiree investors, so it follows that working savers would benefit as well, assuming they bring enough pressure on employers to catch up on this important trend.

subset: commoncrawl


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Yesterday, I attended a lecture by Northeastern psychology professor Iris Berent on "How Human Brains Give Rise to Language." Berent, who works closely with collaborators in a range of fields, has spent her career examining "the uniquely human capacity for language."
That's not to say that other animals don't have meaningful vocalizations, but, she argues, there is something unique about the human capacity for language. Furthermore, this capacity cannot simply be attributed to mechanical differences – that is, human language is not simply a product of the computational power of our brains or the ability of our oral and aural processing.
Rather, Berent argues, humans have an intrinsic capacity for language. That is, as Steven Pinker describes in The Language Instinct, "language is a human instinct, wired into our brains by evolution like web-spinning in spiders or sonar in bats."
While this idea may seem surprising, in some ways it is all together reasonable: humans have specialized organs for seeing, breathing, processing toxins, and more – is it really that much more of a jump to say that the human brain is specialized, that the brain has a specialized biological system for language?
Berent sees this not as an abstract, philosophical question, but rather as one that can be tested empirically.
Specialized biological systems exhibit an invariant, universal structure, Berent explained. There is some variety among human eyes, but fundamentally they are all the same. This logic can be applied to the question of innate language capacity: if language is specialized, we would expect to find for principles: we would expect what Noam Chomksy called a "universal grammar."
In searching for a universal grammar, Berent doesn't expect to find such a thing on a macro scale: there's no universal rule that a verb can only come after a noun. But rather, a universal grammar would manifest in the syllables that occur – or don't occur – across the breadth of human language.
To this end, Berent constructs a series of syllables which she expects will be increasingly difficult for human brains to process: bl > bn > bd > lb.
That is, it's universally easier to say "blog" than to say "lbog," which "bnog" and "bdog" having intermediate difficulty.
One argument for this is simply the frequency of such constructions – in languages around the world "bl" occurs more frequently than "lb."
Of course, this by no means proves the existence of an innate, universal grammar, as we cannot account for the socio-historical forces that shaped modern language, nor can we be sure such variance isn't due to the mechanical limitations of human speech.
Brent's research, therefore, aims to prove the fundamental universality of such syllables – showing that there is a universal hierarchy of what human brain prefers to process.
In one experiment, she has Russian speakers – who do use the difficult "lb" construction – read such a syllable out loud. She then asks speakers of languages without that construction (in this case English, Spanish, and Korean), how many syllables the sound contained.
The idea here is that if your brain can't process "lbif" as a syllable, it will silently "repair" it to the 2-syllable "lebif."
In numerous studies, she found that as listeners went from hearing syllables predicted to be easy to syllables predicted to be hard, they were in fact more likely to "repair" the word. Doing the experiment with fMRI and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) further revealed that people's brains were indeed working harder to process the predicted-harder syllables.
All this, Berent argues, is evidence that a universal grammar does exist. That today's modern languages are more than the result of history, social causes, or mechanical realities. The brain does indeed seem to have some specialized language system.
For myself, I remain skeptical.
As Vyvyan Evans, Professor of Linguistics at Bangor University, writes, "How much sense does it make to call whatever inborn basis for language we might have an 'instinct'? On reflection, not much. An instinct is an inborn disposition towards certain kinds of adaptive behaviour. Crucially, that behaviour has to emerge without training…Language is different…without exposure to a normal human milieu, a child just won't pick up a language at all."
Evans rather points to a simpler explanation for the emergence of language: cooperation:
Language is, after all, the paradigmatic example of co‑operative behaviour: it requires conventions – norms that are agreed within a community – and it can be deployed to co‑ordinate all the additional complex behaviours that the new niche demanded…We see this instinct at work in human infants as they attempt to acquire their mother tongue…They are able to deploy sophisticated intention-recognition abilities from a young age, perhaps as early as nine months old, in order to begin to figure out the communicative purposes of the adults around them. And this is, ultimately, an outcome of our co‑operative minds. Which is not to belittle language: once it came into being, it allowed us to shape the world to our will – for better or for worse. It unleashed humanity's tremendous powers of invention and transformation.


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Janice has focused her more than 30-year career on the design of interior environments. As a Principal and Design Leader, Janice guides client and project teams in articulating aspirations and inspiring the development of innovative design and strategy solutions.
Passionate about the big picture, Janice promotes the link between space, people, business and the environment. Her push to challenge status quo and uncover the greater relationship between global influences and design solutions has lead to her participation in research and presentations on a variety of topics surrounding the occupant "experience." Janice continues to broaden her knowledge and expertise through ongoing education in both business and design focusing on topics such as ethnography, design thinking and well-being.
Her affiliation with the design profession extends beyond DLR Group to the greater community, and includes service on both local and national boards of the American Society of Interior Designers; InformeDesign; the University of Minnesota Alumni Association; the University of Minnesota College of Design Student and Alumni Board; and The Women's Business Center. She has also served as awards competition juror, panelist, speaker, and guest critic.


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Carry a slice of heaven with you! This dainty handmade wood and resin piece is in inspired by the Rocky Mountains at sunset. The pink subtly suggest the sky after sunset and is set in multi-toned eucalyptus wood.
This unique piece is made from a plant-based resin and 100% eco-friendly, non-toxic and UV-resistant.
Please note that all items listed are one-of-a-kind.
All pieces are made from sustainably sourced wood and/or reclaimed wood and 100% handmade with love.
Approximate size: 63 mm x 7 mm
Pendant comes with a silver-plated adjustable chain with a lobster clasp.
Please specify if you prefer the additional hang as pictured in the first image or whether you prefer it without as pictured in the second image.
Product Care:
- Remove when sleeping, exercising, showering or bathing
- Avoid contact with perfumes and other chemicals (including household cleaners)
- Clean with a soft cloth
If you have any questions, please message me!


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HOUSTON, Texas (KPRC) A Houston transit worker is being hailed as a hero after pulling two crash victims from a burning car.
"The car was smoking when I got there and I could see the spark. It got more intense, little by little," Leang Ear recalled.
Surveillance video captured his act of heroism after the November crash.
A driver slammed into a pole at the rail crossing. Working his overnight shift, Ear ran to help, but a fire sparked as he spotted a woman in the passenger's seat.
"I managed to pull her out of the window because the door was jammed and dragged her to safety," he said.
Then, he rushed to the driver's side. The door was stuck but after a few tries, he opened it. A man inside was trapped.
Read more: http://bit.ly/2zeUSkn


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Introduction Does Picmonkey Have An App
95 million photos are uploaded to Instagram daily and this number is Much larger when we take in an account the whole world wide web. Aforementioned bit of advice demonstrates how photography is now a part of daily lives of an enormous number of people. In such a world photo editing plays a very important role, since most photos require some kind of intervention until they can be introduced to the public. Does Picmonkey Have An App
click here to subscribe to PicMonkey today!
PicMonkey is among the most popular editing and collage making websites Today, which makes it a perfect choice for inexperienced photographers and aspiring photograph editors. So let's take a peek at what this online tool for picture editing has to offer you.
A Fast look in PicMonkey
If you find yourself in need of a powerful and easy to use tool which Will allow you to create social media posts immediately then you need to consider utilizing PicMonkey. Here are the things you should consider before you make this online picture editor, your go-to option.
Pros: You actually Don't need to become a photo editing wizard so as to be able to produce magical images with this online tool. The PicMonkey's record of qualities you can use to edit your photographs is very long, which basically means you can do almost whatever you want with photos you'd like to edit. Besides impressive photo editing options, PicMonkey additionally supplies a good amount of graphic design tools that could help you through the process of making a banner for your website or producing a Facebook cover photo your friends are going to love.
Cons: Those of you Who have been hoping that you can edit pictures of all sizes are going to get a bit disappointed because PicMonkey has an image size limit. You may choose from three distinct alternatives, but no choice will allow you to upload pictures larger than 16MP and if you upload a photograph that is larger than the platform will automatically resize it into 4000X4000 pixels.
Although you can use this photograph editor to edit photographs or create collages For free, PicMonkey won't permit you to save, export or share the images you edited unless you set up an account, for which you have to pay a yearly or monthly charge.
PicMonkey's Highlights
Most online picture editors provide ways to make goofy photos, but also at The exact same time they lack traditional photo editing programs which are commonly utilized to enhance photographs. PicMonkey manages to find the right balance between themes that allow you to recreate the visual look of comic books on your photos and blur options which can be employed to create the artistic sense on the images you edit. Furthermore, the Focal B&W tool lets you decide which part of the photo that you want to desaturate and then region of the picture should retain color.
This online photo editor provides tens of thousands of overlays, which range from Zig-zag lines to butterflies, birds, and flowers. Every one of these overlays can help you in creating photos that'll attract a good deal of focus on social networking.
Advanced Features
Besides choices commonly featured in offline and online picture Editors, PicMonkey also provides some near professional photo editing tools. Photography enthusiasts will enjoy using the Bokeh effect, despite the fact that Bokeh effects provided by a photo editing software such Fotophire are much more powerful. Each impact you apply to your photo in PicMonkey can be partly taken out of the photo together with the Paint quality that permits you to select the size of the brush you are going to use to take out the impact you implemented on a photograph. This choice can be utilized if you would like to apply the photo effect to a certain area, while the remaining portion of the picture remains unaffected. Does Picmonkey Have An App
click here to sign up to PicMonkey today!
PicMonkey is well-equipped with programs that enable you to edit your Selfies and the other portrait photographs to perfection. Features like Blemish Fix, Wrinkle Remover, Lip Tint, Mascara or Weight reduction allow you to have complete creative control on the way in which the skin, mouth, eyes or figures of individuals depicted in your photographs will look like.
Basic facts
There Are Numerous pricing options available to those who opt to utilize PicMonkey on a constant basis. The Premium option can costs $7,99 per month or $5,99 per month, billed yearly at $71,88. The cost for Superpremium pricing strategy prices $107, 88 annually, however the number of alternatives you will unlock will leave you wondering if you were better off buying a desktop software such as Fotophire for a substantially lower amount of money.
The PicMonkey's interface is well-organized, so even if you never used a Photo editing software before you shouldn't have too much trouble learning how around this online picture editor. Basic photo editing features such as Cropping or Rotating images may be available from the editor's toolbar that provides options like Fundamental Edits, Effects or Frames, among others. PicMonkey enables you to upload pictures from your personal computer, Facebook, OneDrive, Flickr or even Dropbox. In addition, Premium account owners can store up to fifty images in the editor's Hub, while the Superpremium accounts owners have boundless Hub storage.
An impressive assortment of picture templates is available to users that Want to design images and this online editor also allows you to pick the perfect dimensions for your Instagram story photographs or Facebook cover photo.
The Advantages of Using PicMonkey Image Editing Software
Edit your photos anytime anywhere using the PicMonkey mobile software
Available on the AppStore and Google Play, the PicMonkey cellphone app comes With useful features that allows users to edit pictures and do a couple of touch ups on their selfies before posting on social media. It's basically a photo editor you can use on the move.
A Few of the features included in the mobile software are sticker Overlays, a draw feature, text and layerable effects. Also, the program connects to the Hub storage thus saving and transferring your work from your mobile device to your desktop and vice versa is possible.
An extensive collection of layout templates and collage layouts
Amazing photo effects and overlays
PicMonkey also recently published a Wide Variety of gaudy photo Consequences Users can apply on their own images, including the Super Black & White picture effect, Silverscreen, Miniature, Tri-X, Edge Sketch and Mirror effects.
The overlays come in Many Different original themes and designs, from Baby-themed overlays to sporting events and outdoor images.
PicMonkey has been around For quite some time. And over the years, its developers have produced a wide choice of layout templates that enable consumers to easily design and make their very own societal posts, holiday greeting cards, invitations, special announcements, business cards and so on. Does Picmonkey Have An App
Over 20 photo collage layouts are also available at no cost. And, if You really don't like the designs they have in their collection, you can create your own customized collage design too. In addition, you do not have to register an account to make your collage.
The Hub storage attribute
The Hub is a fairly recent addition to the PicMonkey image editing software. Unfortunately, it's only available to premium users.
The Hub is essentially a feature that allows you to save all your Creations in one handy site. It's perfect for those hard, time-consuming editing tasks that you can't possibly finish in 1 session. At this time, you can break down your project into several sessions and you won't have to be concerned about losing your progress.
So what is the pricing strategy for PicMonkey?
PicMonkey includes two Premium packages available; both are billed either Monthly or annually. The Premium bundle, worth $7.99 a month or $47.88 when billed annually, is a substantial update to the free version of the software in regards to features and functionality.
Some of its notable features Include:
· A 7-day free trial period
· Hub storage for up to 50 pictures
· Sort Hub images work
· Advanced editing and touch-up tools
· Extra impacts, overlays and fonts
· Re-edit picture function via Hub
· Additional top-shelf templates
· No ads
The next pricing plan is the Supremium package, which is worth $8.33 Per month or $99.99 when billed yearly.
Its additional features include:
· All the features in the Premium package
· Unlimited Hub storage (instead of the 50 images limit)
· Organize Hub with Groups feature (instead of the limited Sort Hub images work )
Choosing the best strategy is ultimately your decision. It depends on how Frequently you edit your photos, how broad your editing jobs are and whether you really have a need for those advanced features.
If you only need an image editing program for casual uploads on social Media, the free version ought to be good enough to address your needs.
click here to sign up to PicMonkey today!


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Halloween on the Railroad Wrap-up
Veteran's Day, Remembrance Day
More News…
Railway Weekender
This episode is sponsored by Cribscapes 3D cribbage boards.
Not just a train, a wooden railroad.
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Keller & Keller's Car Accident Legal Library
This page offers links to Keller & Keller's legal documents, reports, publications, and general car accident lawsuit discussions.
Each article is written from our firm's viewpoint, based on more than 75 years of personal injury experience. The goal is to give our existing and potential clients a better understanding of what they can expect to encounter in the days and weeks after their accident while we attempt to settle their injury claim.
In addition to the many first-hand accounts we provide in our legal library, there are also several educational articles, but please remember that none of the information provided on this site should be substituted for actual legal advice, nor is it designed to serve as such.
Have a question about your case? Ready to talk to one of our attorneys in person? Contact us for a consultation.
- Page 1
Elements of a Strong Indiana Car Accident Claim Find out what factors make up a strong Indiana car crash claim. When these elements are present in your case, you have a good chance of a significant recovery.
Paying Medical Bills After an Indiana Car Accident No matter who was at fault in the crash that left you injured, you are responsible for paying your medical bills when they are due. Find out your options here.
Distracted Driving Grows as a Major Cause of Indiana Crashes If distracted driving was a factor in the crash that left you injured, our Indiana car accident attorneys will hold the at-fault driver responsible.
Difference Between an Indiana Insurance Claim and a Lawsuit If you are confused about the difference between a personal injury claim and a lawsuit, let our Indiana attorneys explain how each works for car accidents.
Factors That Play a Role in Your Indiana Car Accident Claim No two car accident claims are alike. Learn about the factors that make one claim worth more than another so you can get an idea of the value of your claim.
Car Accident Wrongful Death Claims in Indiana If your loved one was killed by a negligent driver, you may have a claim for wrongful death against the at-fault driver. Learn more about these claims here.
Brain Injuries Caused by Indiana Motor Vehicle Crashes Car accidents are a leading cause of brain injuries. Learn about these injuries and why you should hire a lawyer to help get fair compensation for your damages.
Spinal Cord Injuries Sustained in Indiana Car Accidents When a car accident results in a back injury and damage to the spinal cord, you need an Indiana attorney who understands these complicated claims.
Determining the Value of an Indiana Car Accident Claim How much can you expect from the insurance company to settle your car accident claim? There are several factors that come into play.
Hiring an Attorney for Your Indiana Car Accident Claim Do you need a lawyer to represent you when you are the victim of a car accident that wasn't your fault? Get your questions about hiring a lawyer answered here.
Proving Negligence in an Indiana Car Accident In order to recover damages from an at-fault driver who injured you, you have to prove that he was negligent and that you have suffered losses. Learn more here.
Common Types of Car Crashes in Indiana Learn about the most common collisions seen in Indiana and how to avoid them. We also discuss the injuries that can result and lead to legal claims.
Request Free Consultation
"At every juncture of the process... everyone involved, were more than thorough. I never had any questions. It was just matter of fact, straight to the point, and taken care of."by Jill S.


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Cheapest Way to Move to a New Location
Whether you are an individual moving to a new house or an entrepreneur relocating your business, the process can be daunting. The whole thing becomes even more stressful if you are on a tight budget. However, you don't need to worry, as a few smart decisions can help you keep the cost down.
If you are looking for the cheapest way to move, there is no single answer. You might think that shifting on your own is the most cost-efficient way, but that's not necessarily true, and even if you manage to save some bucks, it can come at the cost of your sanity and also your health.
Thus, if you want to find the cheapest way to move, don't just think in terms of money, but also consider other factors like safety, mental peace, and time. If you want everything done efficiently and swiftly, hiring a professional might be a good idea. But then again, this might not be an option if you are looking to save some money. Thus, a better approach is to choose the middle ground and delegate some of the tasks only.
Some of the Cheapest Ways to Move
First of all, rent a portable moving container. The container will be delivered to you; you will have to pack it up and then it will be picked from your current location and delivered to the new address. Sure, you will have to spend some money, but it will still be more affordable than hiring full-service movers.
Generally, choosing a portable container is fifty percent cheaper than hiring a professional moving company.
Before keeping your belonging in a container, you will have to prepare them. For that, you will need bubble-wraps, boxes, and newspapers. To do some savings, look for retailers and online marketplaces that offer attractive prices.
Another idea is hiring moving labor only. This way, you will get help for loading and unloading the truck. Some of the companies that provide labor-only options also offer services such as junk removal and packing help.
Another cheapest way to move is to relocate during the offseason. That's because during peak times everything is usually more expensive. The good idea is to move mid-week, mid-month between the months of October and April.
If you are looking for the cheapest way to move, you should also keep your eyes on the discounts offered by moving services, container companies, moving supply retailers, and truck rentals. And, of course, you can always try asking friends and family to help in whatever way they can to help you keep the budget down.
In short, plan and save wherever possible, but hire professionals where necessary.


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Saab to Exhibit its Defence Solutions at the Eurosatory 2018 Defence Exhibition in Paris
Saab will be exhibiting its defence solutions at the Eurosatory 2018 defence exhibition scheduled from June 11 to 15 at the Nord Villepinte Exhibition Centre in Paris, France.
Two new additions to the class-leading Barracuda multispectral camoflague portfolio, renowned in the field of signature management, will be presented at the exhibition, with an associated media briefing.
Some of the highlights at the Saab stand include:
GROUND COMBAT – the interest for light, man portable support weapons is bigger than ever. Saab will present the multi-role weapon system Carl-Gustaf M4 with a Virtual Reality headset allowing visitors to experience operating this renowned infantry weapon. Also on show will be the AT4 family of lightweight fully disposable weapons and our shoulder launched anti-tank killer, NLAW (Next generation Light Anti-tank Weapon). All are easy to handle weapons systems geared to meet the operational challenges of the 21st century.
MSHORAD – our Mobile Short Range Air Defence solution that effectively enables moving units to quickly identify and counter air threats. MSHORAD is comprised of the Giraffe 1X, C2 and RBS 70 NG Remote Weapon System (RWS).
GROUND BASED RADAR – with 60 years of experience at the forefront of sensor technology Saab offers a full range of high-performance radar systems for a multitude of applications and mission types within the naval domain and for weapon locating, air surveillance, and ground-based air defence. We will present Giraffe 4A, Giraffe AMB, Arthur and Giraffe 1X as a part of our MSHORAD solution.


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New year offer!
Offer for all managers and dealers!
beware of imitations
Forgery detected on a solution for eyelashes Platinus and hair Platinus V.
Information about cancer
There is a lot of information about cancer treatment abroad, technologies as you see, are not claimed by "official medicine", in many countries you will not even open these articles and will not find them. A question "why"?!
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text: I have Not been able to download and install music 3.0. It gives an error. "Installation error" "Package file was not signed correctly" An I also tried with a apk from forums and it failed as well. Any suggestions for installing it with baseline 0.5? I was using petes GPA 15 5-2 and it installed fine when i was running that rom. I was under the impression it would work on Froyo too. Sent from my Droid using DroidForums


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Slow cooker apple butter is made simple with less processed sugar. This is one of the slow cooker apple recipes that are healthier for you. Makes a great homemade gifts for the holidays.
Table of contents
Apple Butter
Slow cooker apple butter, one of the easiest recipes you can make with apples in a crockpot. It is not only delicious, it smells heavenly good. Start the holiday season with this easy recipe, you will not regret it.
This recipe here makes an ideal after- dinner treat. It is not overly sweet and has loads of flavors from the spices added.
Fall is my favorite season of the year, here is Colorado you can witness the change of colors from green to golden yellow and hot red all around. Cold breeze and nights and the crisp refreshing air in the morning. Not too cold, not too hot days it is really the best season of the year.
Fall means pumpkin and apples and all the delicious recipes that involves these two in the ingredients. This recipe is dedicated to welcoming autumn, with its warm spices and the smell that will fill your kitchen.
How long does homemade apple butter last?
Homemade butter can stay for months in the freezer if well preserved in sealed sterilized jars. When properly stored, this can stay up to 3 weeks in refrigerator but keep it tightly closed.
What is the difference between applesauce and apple butter?
Both apple sauce and butter refer to cooked apples until very tender with some liquids and spices. Apple sauce has water in it, while apple butter is cooked until thickened enough to be of a paste form.
What kind of apples should I use for apple butter?
Use your preferred apple type or types. Personally I like sweet varieties such as gala, golden delicious, honey crisp and pink lady.
How to make apple butter?
It is very simple and rewarding process for such a delicious treat.
- Peel, core and dice the apples into cubes then place in the slow cooker.
- Then you'll need to add spices , brown sugar and honey.
- Mix everything well, cover and let it cook on low for 6 hours.
- Remove lid, add vanilla extract and keep cooking uncovered for 2 hours.
- Blend with a blender or an immersion blender.
Spread on toast or waffle in the morning and get ready to blow everyone's minds. They are gonna love it.. trust me on that.
You may need
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I find hand blenders to be one of the most efficient tools in the kitchen KitchenAid hand blender has been with me for over 3 years now and counting.
Other canning recipes you may like
I hope you'll like this recipe and please if you make this recipe, snap a pic and hashtag it #amiraspantry — I love to see your creations on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter! Don't want to miss a recipe?
Sign up for the FREE Amira's Pantry newsletter delivered to your inbox with lots of tips and surprises! And stay in touch with me on Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, and Instagram for all the latest updates.
Slow Cooker Apple Butter
A crazy good apple butter recipe with less refined sugars that will make your home smells fall.
If you like this recipe do not forget to give it a ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ star rating and attach a photo of your finished dish. It is always a pleasure of mine to see your photos and check your own take of the recipe. Thank you.
Slow Cooker Apple Butter Recipe
- 3 pounds apples.*
- 1/4 cup brown sugar.
- 1/4 cup honey.
- 2 teaspoon ground cinnamon.
- 1/4 teaspoon ground cloves.
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract.
- Peel, core and roughly chop your apples and put in your slow cooker.
- Add brown sugar, honey, cinnamon and cloves and toss well with the apples.
- Cover and cook on low for 6 hours.
- Add vanilla extract and cook uncovered for another 2 hours.
- Let it cool down and puree with an immersion blender or in your food processor.
- Pour into air tight containers and refrigerate.**


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Derek designed the Krazy Eye Killa to move water and make noise. With its large deer hair head and glass rattle, it makes quite the disturbance in the water.
This fly is perfect for warm water species in creeks and lakes. It can be fished with a floating line as a popper or with a sinking line as a streamer. Your choice!


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When individuals resolve to go away the comforts of their house and enterprise to different locations there is usually a purpose behind it. Whether or not the cause to travel was a final minute whimsy or had an actual function, it makes one take into consideration the entire the reason why folks travel. Whether or not you may be traveling by automobile or airplane, check out the bargains we discovered that shall be helpful to your trip, as well as save you a couple of dollars you should use once you arrive. Chances are you'll need to focus on incomes rewards in a single frequent traveler program if you happen to want a variety of points for a particular journey.
Travel Insurance is supposed to cover financial and medical expenses and maybe losses incurred during traveling regionally or internationally. In case your upcoming travels will contain beach time, the EasyGO Rainbow Seashore Umbrella has you covered. Valerie Pleasure Wilson believes that one of the best adventures lie simply off the crushed path, and that the one approach to make the most of your travel is to experience every metropolis like a local, not a vacationer.
We also provide you with tips about planning brief trips and last-minute travel. As soon as you start experiencing the beauty of the world, you might even start planning yearly international vacations. The College Ethics and Compliance Workplace is producing a sequence of 5-minute animated movies on necessary compliance topics for workers traveling internationally.
What do you like most about travel? The biggest speedy financial savings in planning your journey would be to make use of a web-based travel web site to research, plan and e book your travel adventures vs. going to an area travel agent where you reside. An experience she doesn't advocate is getting caught on a trip with a wrinkly outfit — especially if you're documenting your expertise by means of numerous photos and videos.
In 2011, Lauren Juliff quit her job, offered all the pieces she owned, and started traveling the world. Money is necessary if you are planning to travel and see the sights the country has to supply. Now, the editors are making that luxury life-style a reality for one lucky particular person with the last word summer season job: You may fly all over the world reviewing flights, accommodations, trains and extra for TPG's international audience.
Worldwide travel generally is a nice experience; it means that you can witness many new cultures and existence. The financial system appears to be in bad form and many people are trying to save money. The Cabeau Evolution pillow is made out of premium memory foam and the detachable, smooth velour cowl is easy to scrub, so you may travel with a recent, germ-free pillow every time you hit the road.
If peer evaluations are extra important than shopping by charges, than websites like Journey and a number of the high ranked travel blogs, like with Funds Travel and Travel all have stellar reputations for providing unbiased opinions. In case you're traveling with a baby, a bag that keeps every thing accessible is a must.
If planning a trip on a extreme funds is your number one priority, there are actually a whole lot of money saving tips for the precise day by day travel plans, that may save you within the a whole lot if not thousands of dollars. For the sake of love, individuals will travel for hours to spend as much time as they'll with the love of their life.
They embody Ireland's Wild Atlantic Way , a 13-day journey beginning in Shannon and concluding in Dublin; Jewels of Ireland , a complete expertise throughout the nation's vibrant tradition and historical past with stops in Dublin, Blarney Fortress, Dingle, the Cliffs of Moher, Killarney Nationwide Park and Galway before moving on to Slieve League Cliffs, Belfast and Large's Causeway; and Taste of Italy , a seven-day culinary journey of Venice, Florence and Rome.
10 Causes Why People Travel
What do you like most about travel? In case you are wanting forward to planning an outdoor journey travel trip with household or associates, you need to learn on. Visit the wilds, climb mountains, go rafting, snorkeling, parachuting, tour to places much less visited, meet nature in its purest kind – freaky, strange, lovely and enticing – all on the identical time.
The ambiance and journey of one other time and place can work its magic to make me really feel I've left my own home and flown off to some nice new experience. Travel with us on a trip to vacation spots within the United States of America – to study the other ways of the American citizen.
Travel Blogger Hayley Andersen Haylsa Reveals What She Packs Inside Her Suitcase
Valerie Pleasure Wilson believes that the very best adventures lie just off the crushed path, and that the only way to benefit from your travel is to expertise each metropolis like a local, not a tourist.
When individuals decide to depart the comforts of their dwelling and enterprise to different areas there is often a purpose behind it. Whether or not the cause to travel was a last minute whimsy or had an actual purpose, it makes one take into consideration all the explanation why people travel. My most recent favourite book for that kind of "travel without travel" is Adventures of a World-Traveling Scientist by Stanley Randolf. Nevertheless, allow us to get down to the extra sensible reasons for traveling internationally. Each trip affords you connected experiences from actual folks so that you can get a better picture of the place you want to go.
Firms that allow you to within the actual "planning" section of your trip, can be like Gap Travel Adventures, Get A , the Vehicle Club of Southern California Travels Division (and their counterparts in every of the 50 States), and the American Express Corporation, whereas the large travel conglomerates, resembling Expedia, Travelocity , and Priceline (the 4 largest travel vendors in "gross income" within the United States), purpose on the end booking course of.
Begin studying the language of the country you're going to in case you are traveling overseas. Previously the Deputy Digital Editor at Town & Nation, Lindsay Silberman recently left her media profession to pursue travel full-time. Frequent traveling is one thing that is an important aspect of any business or career as of late, while at occasions it's to build good shopper relationships, at times it is to establish business overseas.
Whether you may be traveling by automotive or airplane, check out the bargains we discovered that will probably be helpful to your trip, in addition to prevent a couple of dollars you should use once you arrive. It's possible you'll need to consider incomes rewards in a single frequent traveler program should you need numerous points for a particular trip.
Travel Information, Guides, Photographs And Videos
Worldwide travel can be a nice expertise; it lets you witness many new cultures and lifestyles. BestReviews is a product assessment firm with a singular mission: to help simplify your buying selections and prevent money and time. If traveling internationally, be certain your paperwork are so as. It doesn't take a lot effort to enroll in lodge or airline frequent traveler applications, or to use a common travel rewards bank card for the spending you have been going to do anyway.
Holidays are supposed to be enjoyable and pleasant and that is one more reason for traveling abroad at present. The traveling couple dated lengthy-distance for a complete year, and through that time, the 2 of them went on their very own separate adventures. This is a crucial cause for traveling internationally now since you may get essentially the most out of your trip.
Travel & Tourism
What do you're keen on most about travel? In the spirit of spontaneity, Topdeck is in search of true thrillseekers, but you'll have to show it. You have until Might 31, 2019, to submit your most spontaneous travel story to Topdeck by way of Facebook Messenger for your chance at this surprise trip of a lifetime.
Traveling, whether or not for a protracted weekend away to a close-by country, or clear across the globe, is invigorating, refreshing and expands so much in one's life that it's something that more individuals ought to do. Traveling abroad can vastly change your life for the higher because there are lots of cultures and lifestyles to expertise.
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When individuals decide to depart the comforts of their dwelling and venture to other locations there's often a reason behind it. Whether or not the trigger to travel was a last minute whimsy or had an actual objective, it makes one take into consideration the entire reasons why individuals travel. The financial system seems to be in unhealthy shape and many people try to save cash. The Cabeau Evolution pillow is constructed from premium memory foam and the detachable, comfortable velour cover is straightforward to clean, so you may travel with a contemporary, germ-free pillow each time you hit the highway.


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And if you survive 'til 2005, I hope you're exceedingly thin...
For if you are stout, you will have to breathe out while others around you breathe in.
(Point Me at the Sky)
Got news today that Syd passed. I call him Syd, like we're old friends. We're not, but I would have liked it.
If you don't know who Syd Barrett was, go ahead and google it. I'll wait. Back? Cool.
He founded The Pink Floyd back in the 60's.
The Floyd remains to this day one of the only major groups that I claim as a musical influence that I have not seen live. All the others I have seen at least once (with the exception of Dylan and Springsteen, and I'm working on that). There are 3 major reasons (2 rationalizations, 1 real) for that. Reasons 1 &2: Syd Barrett and Roger Waters are no longer part of The Pink Floyd. Reason #3 (the real reason), my mom wouldn't let me go when they played the shoe at OSU.
But I still dig 'em. All the iterations of the band (I count 4 distinct lineups, but I could be wrong). I even groove off of most of the solo shite that's come out from the various Floyds. Syd's was weird. Gilmour's mellow. Waters' moody. And that's ok. You can tell with each phase of Floyd which one was at the helm. Which is pretty cool to me.
I admired Syd's way(the heck)-out there take on things and the Floyd's first album is still amazing to me everytime I drop the needle. It's SO night and day from Dark Side of the Moon (which is arguably their most known album). It's not the same band. And that's a good thing. And it's a good album.
You should track it down and go and listen to it. I'll wait. Back? Cool.
Not much of a eulogy, I know. Then again, it wasn't meant to be. More of a random stream of conciousness about the loss of a true creative genius that burned a little too brightly too quickly.
Andwe weren't really friends, but I think I can say with a fair degree of certainty, that the Piper is finally at the gates of dawn.


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Indoor and outdoor sports facilities
Our indoor facilities include courts for various ballgames, shooting ranges, tennis courts, gymnasiums, a golf driving range, and a dance hall. Outdoors, you can choose from nature trails, skiing trails and orienteering routes, a suitably surfaced rollerblading route, 45 golf holes, ball courts, and an artificial-turf football pitch with underground heating. We also have two indoor ice rinks, along with a swimming hall that offers several recreation pools.
Indoor sports
Ice Arena
The Ice Arena has two indoor ice rinks, and there is also an outdoor rink next to the arena. This is in use in the winter, weather permitting. The staff at the Ice Arena are happy to sharpen your skate blades whenever possible. Open daily 7am – 10pm. Ice skating: €8 for adults and €4 for children (check when the arena is open to the public).
Sports hall for ballgames
Thanks to its high ceiling, the hall is well suited to volleyball. The hall has a parquet floor and one wall with mirrors, making it ideal also for fitness classes and dance lessons. It is 28 m × 14 m in size.
See the floor plan (pdf)
Swimming hall
Vierumäki's swimming hall has several recreation pools and a five-lane training pool. The recreation pools include a children's paddling pool, a hot tub, a cold-water pool, and an activity pool with water massage equipment. The training pool has five 25-metre lanes. Adults for €8, children (aged 5–14) for €4. 360-pictures.
Sports Hall
Courts on the lower level are available for badminton (€10 per hour), basketball (€75 per hour), volleyball (€75 per hour), floorball (€75 per hour), and use as a gymnasium (€8). Athletics facilities on the upper level (charge: €8) are available for long-jumping, high-jumping, running, martial arts, and table tennis. The Sports Hall has cycling hours open for the public on Thursdays at 7pm – 9pm and Sundays at 2pm – 4pm. The Luentokaari meeting facilities and the Health and Fitness Clinic are also found in the Sports Hall. The Sports Hall has sports equipment and games available for hire. 360-pictures.
Vierumäki Arena
The arena's includes an airgun shooting gallery (10 lanes, only for groups), an archery range, a volleyball court (€90 per hour), handball facilities (€90 per hour), a futsal area (€90 per hour), two floorball courts (€90 per hour), nine badminton courts (€10 per hour), and a mirror hall with parquet flooring (10.40 × 11.40). Two gymnastics mats and two cheerleading mats are available. See the floor plan (pdf). 360-pictures
Vierumäki Centre
We offer six tennis courts, golf winter training centre and the high-quality Greeni Kuntostudio gymnasium for independent training (€8). There is also a squash court (€13 per session). 360 Picture
Gymnastics hall
The Gymnastics Hall is particularly suitable for artistic gymnastics but can also be used for stretching, relaxation, and dancing classes. The hall is equipped with gymnastics apparatus, portable exercise mats, and AV equipment. See the floor plan (pdf).
Outdoor facilities
Frisbee golf
The Vierumäki area has a seven-hole Frisbee golf course. The course is appr. 1 kilometres long and starts at the end of the Ice Arena. You can borrow discs and a course map at the Sports Hall. Suitable for families.
Beach Volley
There are two 8 × 16 m beach volleyball sand courts, located between Vierumäki Centre and the Ice Arena. The price is €15 per hour (incl. equipment).
Sand field
The sand field behind Vierumäki Centre is suitable for Finnish baseball and various other outdoor games. The field is 100 × 70 m in size. In the winter, a third of the area is used as an outdoor ice rink.
Grass pitch
Located in the middle of the athletics field, the grass pitch is 101.5 × 71.5 m in size. The pitch is suitable, for example, for football (96 × 67 m), aerobics classes, and outdoor games. Prices start at €95. 360 picture
Ballgame arena
At one end of the athletics field, the ballgame arena is surfaced with artificial turf and is suitable for floorball, volleyball, basketball, and football. The arena is 13 × 26 m in size.
Outdoor tennis courts
Vierumäki has four traditional clay courts (€20 per hour), three grey clay courts (€20/hour), and five Plexipave courts (€15/hour). Players must wear appropriate tennis shoes for the clay courts. The holiday villages have their own tennis courts with a sand-fill artificial-turf surface, which can be reserved at the courts by means of a token. 360-picture.
Athletics field
The athletics field has a 400-metre running track and areas for javelin-throwing, long-jumping, and the shot put.360-picture
Football pitch
The artificial-turf field with a heating system makes it possible to play football at Vierumäki almost all year round. The football pitch is 105 × 68 m in size.


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Aspen People were in attendance at last night's Scotland Food & Drink Excellence Awards last night where Scotland's cream of the crop were crowned.
Held at Edinburgh's International Conference Centre, the event saw a record 820 guests attend Scotland's food and drink "Oscars" and was run in partnership with The Royal Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland.
The 25 category winners spanned the whole of the sector, with winners including; Liam Pennycook of Strathearn Distillery for 'Young Talent', l'escargot restaurants owned by Chef Fred Berkmiller for 'Scottish Sourcing', Paterson Arran Ltd for 'Environmental Sustainability', Peelham Farm Produce for 'Meat', Mara Seaweed for 'Healthy Choice' and Fusion Whisky Ltd for 'Success Through Partnership'. Special recognition was awarded for Product of the Year (Whisky Nibs from Chocolate Tree), Business of the Year (Bruce Farms) and Outstanding Contribution (Alastair Dobson, Taste of Arran).
The team at Aspen would like to congratulate all the winners on the night and everyone who was nominated!
A great event and we look forward to attending the Awards next year!< Back to Latest News


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Youth Waterfowl Hunting Opportunities
Oklahoma Hunting
Youth hunters enjoy youth-only seasons in Oklahoma. Help the youth of Oklahoma get involved in the sport of waterfowl hunting and take a kid with you on your next hunt, or encourage them to participate in the youth-only opportunities below.
Youth Waterfowl Days
- ALL ZONES: Oct. 5 and Feb. 1.
These days are special waterfowl hunting opportunities for youths, providing two additional days outside of the regular waterfowl season. Youth hunters must be 15 or younger. An adult must accompany the youth hunter into the field. The accompanying adult must be 18 or older and hunter education certified or exempt, regardless of whether the youth is hunter education certified. This adult cannot hunt ducks, mergansers or coots; but may participate in other open seasons. All species and sex specific limits are the same as during the regular seasons.
ODWC Guided Youth Waterfowl Hunts
These guided hunts offer the opportunity to experience the joys of waterfowling to youths who don't have a mentor who hunts waterfowl.
- Dates: Set by hunter and guide.
- Locations: Fort Cobb State Park, Fort Gibson Lake, Hackberry Flat WMA, Keystone Lake, Packsaddle WMA, Vann's Lake and Wister Lake Refuge.
- Required Equipment: All equipment, including gun and ammunition, will be provided.
- Age: Applicants must be 12 to 15 years of age, have proof of successfully completing a certified hunter education course, and have an adult guardian who can accompany them on the hunt (guardian is not allowed to hunt).
- Application Deadline: Nov. 5.
- How To Apply: Apply online at wildlifedepartment.com.
For more information, call Jeff Neal, migratory game bird technician, at (405) 396-2503 or e-mail email@example.com.