text:
Does the fructose naturally found in fruit and fruit juice have the same adverse effects as excess "industrial fructose" (table sugar and high fructose corn syrup) and if not, why not?
If Fructose Is Bad, What About Fruit?
Doctor's Note
Alcohol without the buzz? That was in reference to my video How Much Added Sugar Is Too Much?—make sure to check it out for background. I have lots more fructose videos on the way.
Before, I would have these long series on single topics, like a dozen videos in a row on vitamin D or something. The advantage of that is you aren't left hanging; the downside is that for those uninterested in the topic there can be no new videos of interest for weeks. So I've tried breaking topics up. So every few weeks there's a new turmeric or diabetes video instead of grouping them altogether. Let me know what you think…
Surprised about the juice results? Me too! More on juice:
A few videos I have on industrial sugars:
How else can we blunt the glycemic spike?
- Beans and the Second Meal Effect
- The Best Way to Cook Sweet Potatoes
- Diabetics Should Take Their Pulses
- Preventing Prediabetes By Eating More
If you haven't yet, you can subscribe to my videos for free by clicking here.
194 responses to "If Fructose Is Bad, What About Fruit?"
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But what about all those raw vegans who eat, say, 50 bananas in one day? Surely that's too much of a good thing.
Not many people eat that many. I started doing smoothies about 8-9 bananas plus strawberries, fills me for hours and is light on the stomach.
8 Bananas is not light on the stomach. Wat? 8 Bananas is almost 1000 calories. Plus strawberries you're looking at a smoothie that's like pure sugar. Fruit is obvi better than processed sugar, but you're overdoing it m8.
Can you explain your background and how you know he is overdoing it?
The average American or Brit wouldn't think twice to eating that much weight in wheat and milk… Cereal with milk, cheese sandwich, pizza, pasta, pie… It seems odd that when people choose to consume large quantities or mono meals of natural foods, it sets off alarm bells and everyone starts giving advice.
It is still just Sugar! Keep in mind, the English Scientists, as well as many others, are now working at their new advices, to not consume, what is causing the problem in our health, namely Sugar! Mostly people get wrong Carbs from Processed Foods, but even a lot of Fruit consumption, causes the exact same effect… 5 – 9 Tsp of Sugar, is what the body is able to handle quit well, but an average person eats more than 35 tsp! Keep in mind, Fructose breaks down through the Liver, just like Alcohol! Also, Carbs in their simple form, are the cause of every known Folk-Disease today, which is Conditions, NOT Diseases, as they are completely preventable, and most of the time reversible! To mention a few: Artheritis, Asthma, Cancer (Cancer is a Yeast, feeding it with Sugar is a bad idea), Candida (Another Yeast), PCOS, Impotency, ALS, ADHD, Schlerosis, i could go on for a long time… When you consume more Carbs, than your body can produce Insulin, your body breaks, and sends you into Inflammation, and that simply means, your body can't heal… All it takes, is avoiding Processed Foods, and simple Carbs, and your body can reverse back to its original state of health! Some good stuff to learn: Paleo, Keto, LCHF, GAPS, SCD, and good readings could be: "The Paleo Solution", "John Yudkin – The Pure, The White, The Deadly", and so on… I have devoted the past 17 years of my life, to make a change, and what i knew from the start, and what i still see today, is that people doesn't need Medicine, people does not need a Gym, people of course need to be active, but that could be a lot of things, like cleaning at home, can burn more Calories than a trip to the Gym… Hippocrates said it 300+ years B.C:
"Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food." So start eating like the human body is designed to, that keeps all the bad stuff away! :)
Ole: NutritionFacts has some important information about the paleo diet. Here is a good place to start: http://nutritionfacts.org/?fwp_search=paleo&fwp_content_type=post%2Cvideo
Stopped reading at, "cancer is a yeast"
I agree completely. A high fructose diet consisting of fruits with fiber and low fat is healthy as proven by tons of endurance athletes with perfect blood levels who eat the 80-10-10 diet.
Logically, i don't think a "high fructose diet" if that even so exists, is such a good thing for human health, if that were the case, why not buy and consume loads and countless supplies of High fructose corn syrup? It's been proven that an excess amount of Fructose within the human body stops and prevents the flow of insulin in the body. Insulin is needed to bring and maintain a balance of blood sugar in the human body, with too much resistance (Fructose consumption), you are bound to open a gateway to leading to many other health problems.
Obesity, Diabetes, and more, these are just the main two that come first to mind. Also logically speaking, i don't see how one could create a "high fructose corn syrup" without synthetically altering and depleting the glucose (which i remind you is natural in most plants correct me if i'm wrong). Someone has made a faulty and terrible creation with bad intentions if you ask me. Do you see any other country suffering from the same problems? Only America seems to be suffering, i wonder why that is? The people in charge? The so called faulty and terrible Inspections and regulations done on our food? quite frankly i'm sick of it. i'm sick of the greedy turning their backs on our humane family just to only put a simple dollar in their pocket. it's people like those as to why no matter how hard you work, you have nothing to show for it. No house because you couldn't make enough to buy one even if you spent 10 years working for it. (I once heard in a western movie once "If you work to make a living, why do you kill yourself working?") Logically the people working are underpaid and the lazy asses seem to get richer. I don't know about anyone else, but i'm tired of having a damn monkey on my back only just to go home empty handed.
(Stay away from fructose)
Well to add on to more of this article, because I see wrong information in these comments. If you want to learn more about nutrition look at the video title 'Sugar: The Bitter Truth' by Dr. Lustig on youtube. Martin, Andrew, Ole Will with all of those banana's in those smoothies. That video gives you enough information to go out in research. And you will rethink what you have said in these comments.
How about frozen fruit? If dried fruit loses vitamin c, does the freezing process change anything? I have head Brenda Davis, RD say to freeze spices. Any resources?
Did you not listen to Dr. Greger's explanation that raw fruit is completely different from High Fructose Corn Syrup ??? Two completely different things. I feel like most the people commenting on this never read the transcript or listened to the video.
Haha agreed! And everyone's all of a sudden a nutritionist. Jeez. I'm definitely NOT so I'll take the qualified advice from this site that's supported by mountains of evidence, not just 'well I think…' laptop/Google opinions!
From the article:Experts still have a long way to go to connect the dots between fructose and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Higher intakes of fructose are associated with these conditions, but clinical trials have yet to show that it causes them.
Still, it's worth cutting back on fructose. But don't do it by giving up fruit. Fruit is good for you and is a minor source of fructose for most people. The big sources are refined sugar and high-fructose corn syrup.
The American Heart Association recommends limiting the amount of sugar you get from sugar-sweetened drinks, pastries, desserts, breakfast cereals, and more, mainly to avoid gaining weight. The same strategy could also protect your liver and your arteries.
I have been eating a high fruit diet for 10 months now and I feel better than ever. My neck hurt everyday for the last 11 years it hurt to look down in the morning especially and I had a lot of stiffness and muscle twitching all over my body.I also had a lot of hand numbness due to "carpal tunnel" for the last almost 2 years. In 2012 I was diagnosed with syringomyelia a rare spinal cord disorder that is "incurable" on this high fruit vegan diet almost all my symptoms are gone. I easily eat 10 bananas , half of a big watermelon, 8 oranges, 4 apples, a hand full of raisins and more in one day. I highly recommend to anyone concerned with or interested in a frugivore diet research DR Robert Morse. ND. Here is his website https://grapegate.com he also has hundreds of videos on youtube
You can make a great smoothie with one banana plus other fruits. We do it every night, for our final meal and it is great!
Yes it is too much of a good thing. And here's what happened to him :)
I am very offended HemoDynamic! because I celebrate "50 banana day" once a month and do not look close to this. OK, just kidding. this is funny!
Joking aside, do you really do one day a month of 50 bananas? Cause that sounds kinda awesome.. once monthly "Monkey Day!"
Nooo… never dared till now! :)
I'd be concerned about possibility of eventual SIBO, B12 deficiency.
He covers B12 in other videos. It's in lakes & rivers. Though you can't drink from them now, the point is B12 is not exclusively in animal foods and it's not part of 'the natural order' to eat them.
The data shows of three groups
1 Omnivores who don't supplement B12
2 Vegans who don't supplement B12
and 3 Everyone that supplements B12
The last group has the highest levels.
I have the best video on the topic of going vegan. It's a light year from the other advice and recipe drivel out there.
Thank you for your video. One point that I have to make. Animals do not produce B12, only bacteria do. This must be made clear. We all get our B12 from bacteria. Whether in a pill form or a ferment that contains B12 in it.
Your video can help millions of people. Certainly everyone can benefit from it.
cyndishisara, can you explain for me and the other readers how bacteria and fermented foods produce B12? I happy to have drank a ton of raw dairy kefir and now water kefir. I have been trying to find evidence that these grains produce B12.
This link is great, but you need to update your link, as he has updated his video! Go to this video to find the new link on it… Thanks :)
Why does he keep going on about 'produce' what the hell even is that? I googled it and nope, no special American meaning, just the usual meaning(s) to make or grow.
"Produce" the verb means "to make". "Produce" the noun refers to fruits a vegetables. I believe that meaning is universal English, used in all English speaking countries
And also, with b12 they're saying the bacteria present if your gut from the food you eat will produce b12 as a byproduct of their regular activity
b12 is not a problem for vegans it is the key. when they discovered b12 supplementation this was when the factory farms started in the1920s. there is no reason to believe that water should remain polluted. there is green and blue algae aswell which is a good food source whereas spring water is unhealthy. where are the animals that drink spring water? Thats right they don't they drink water exposed to sunlight. b12 supplementation might be a stop gap measure but what they are really saying is come with us danny to play forever and ever and ever. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL1Xb1_TQO4
Certain fruit phytochemicals reduce the uptake of sugar through the intestinal walls – more fruit means more of the phytochemicals that reduce sugar uptake… bottom line – you can't really eat too much fruit. I've heard for decades that too much sweet fruit makes you fat… I'm eating so much more fruit now specifically for weight loss and it works like a charm, more fruit, more weight loss…
50 bananas isn't good though… because you are missing out on so many other nutrients you need… so the problem with 50 bananas isn't the sugar but the lack of a balanced diet.
Agreed. The whole X bananas is just a marketing thing and is very limiting… there's way more nutrient dense fruit out there, like berries or pomegranates.
Marketing of bananas?? LOL
The "30 Bananas a Day" people.
If you are eating for nutrients, berries or pomegranates might be more nutrient dense. But bananas are eaten too for calories (carbs) and it would be hard and expensive to get the same amount of carbs eating berries rather than bananas.
Here's the thing. Bananas are cheap so we use them as a caloric base. Eating 2000 calories of berries is not affordable. We then mix them with high nutrient foods such as berries and GREENS (which everyone needs more of, in truth) and snack on more expensive fruit such as mango and berries. In my group we advocate rotating greens, having a large salad and also supplementing D3, K2, B12 and Zinc to avoid common deficiencies. Iodene too and nuts and seeds for trace minerals like Selenium. Not marketing as I don't make any money. Doing this with 10-20 bananas a day has allowed me to heal my autoimmune disorders, depression, poor energy and even precancerous cells. So worth it. A cooked vegan diet and even cooked starches have me back to feeling sluggish, which is how I felt for 32 years before finding bananas. I think Celiac or some gut destroying disease is probably at the bottom of it, but as for now I am symptom free with good blood work so it's worth all the bananas in the world to feel better. Durian Rider had Crohns which is why he went raw. It's possible he healed enough to go back to cooked food, but when I try it I don't feel as good.
Fruit is amazing. I did very close to Freelee & DR's way of eating for a while about a year ago– I did feel great, better than most of my life before that. But I did feel the need for more nutrient-dense foods too. Now I'm pregnant and will be trying to get back to HCLFV with more emphasis on Dr. Greger's daily dozen.
No you're not missing out on a thing. Cite your evidence.
I actually have a video coming up called How Much Fruit is Too Much, where they study people eating that much fruit–stay tuned!
Same Banana Time, Same Banana Channel!
Totally psyched for this next video!!!
Dr. Greger,
This one video has some of the most valuable and interesting information that I have ever seen. There has been much confusion on this topic and this helps to clear it up. Your work and this site are fantastic!
I wonder how dried fruit compares to fresh fruit. Does it have the same benefits?
Dear AA, I am sure Dr. Greger would say no with some exceptions. Much of the vitamin C is lost in the drying process as are some of the other phytonutrients. Drying is not as bad as juicing, according to him, and the more fruit the better, so apple cider is better than apple juice and unfiltered grape juice (Trader Joes) is better than regular grape juice. He specifically recommends green raisins, dried apple slices, and dried pomegrantes for phytonutrients, and some fruit he recommends are only available dried like goji berries or maybe rosehips. Dried fruit, if it is more accessible as a way to get fruit on the go is a knightly luxury but it is not as healthy. To the FDA, a serving of juice is no longer a serving of fruit. This might hurt fruit consumption but the ease of dried fruit might make it a good source of nutrients if you're on the go. This site recommends dried superfruit as a source of nutrition. http://www.superfoodsrx.com/superfoods/dried-superfruits/dried-superfruits-overview.html Amazon has a dried fruit mix of cranberries, blueberries, goji berries, raisins, and cherries, and a tropical fruit mix. He said ginger is one of the best spices and dried ginger is now wildly available. However, dried fruit like cherries usually shows up lower and I guess the method he would recommend is buying freeze dried fruit.
Can't wait for this video!
Thank you, thank you Dr. Greger! I have been wondering about this topic for a couple of years since I saw Dr. Esselstyn in a lecture, in person, say that we should only eat 3 servings of fruit a day a day because more than than that would probably cause non-alcoholic liver failure. Whew, what a relief! Now there's more food choices in my diet.
I wonder what science Dr. Esselstyn is basing this on? This is a very bold statement of his, if he actually did say it. If I get the chance I will ask him in person, as I just don't see him throwing around statements like that unless he has seen science to back it up. I hope he is mistaken on the 3 fruits per day max.
That's a total exaggeration. They promote 25-30, if you are a woman or man, and they do that to detox you from bad food. I've done it and it's fabulous. I eat all fruit all day, then a big salad late afternoon, then a cooked vegan carb at night and every day I look more lean.
For your consideration, in addition to durian and freelee,
This video has lots of new, easy approaches to veganism
Spell check would have SUPER helped the professionalism of this video!!!!
You mean for Brussels sprouts?
Great recipes and tutorial. Plan to try many of your dishes. Keep them coming!
and how about the microwave oven?
Yeah how about it. :) I use mine every day. These recipes look fabulous and I bookmarked the video on YouTube!
Simple, easy and straight to the point. Big thanks, I liked it very much.
If you train like Durian rider, it's fine. However, I wouldn't recommend 50 bananas only because you get a limited nutrient profile. I'd suggest 10 bananas, some kiwi, some mango, some berries, a big salad etc… You get a host of other phytonutrients, you get more amino acids, vitamins, minerals etc…
It is very important to know your body. Eliminate processed foods, purchase the best quality food you can afford, and
if you feel awful after eating something stop eating it!!! Some bodies can process gluten some bodies cannot. Some bodies can process lactose some bodies cannot. For a body that has trouble processing protein Atkins and other high protein diets are horrific. For a body that has trouble processing carbohydrates, simple and complex, Pritikin and other carb friendly diets wreak similar havoc. I flourish on a vegan diet, my mother tried and was sick all the time. My mother can no more flourish on a 50 bananas a day or other type of carb heavy diet than I can flourish on the Atkin's or similar high protein diet. There is no one particular eating style that will work perfectly for everyone.
Bananas are genetically modified to be sweeter therefore have a higher sugar content.
While the fad diet scene has been flooded with dietary approached focusing on one specific food, the key to longevity and successfully adopting lifestyle changes seems to lie in incorporating a variety of whole foods in the diet. A variety of foods is necessary for many reasons, but the video below outlines a great starting place in terms of diversifying our dietary antioxidant profile!
nope, there are many 811 and fruitarians that live happy healthy lives. Some of them cured seriously chronic illnesses that way. The Boutenko family is one such story They started out just eating bananas because they didn't know what rawfood really was:
There is no single person who eats 50 bananas a day……….
That many bananas in a day isn't a diet, it's an eating disorder
Berry interesting!
yes ! Lettuce all benefit from this grape new info !
Orange you glad you read it?
I founf out that is not difficult to make pancakes without animal products.
The only problem is they are too good.
E.g. http://ohsheglows.com/2014/02/25/easy-vegan-and-gluten-free-pancakes-strawberry-shortcake-w-whipped-cream/
Anyway i don't follow a strict recipe.
I always know it is sunday because I hear ann grinding the buckwheat in the coffee mill. Top with homemade applesauce. Bella
You know food really change name from language to language.
E.g. "Buckwheat" = "Grano saraceno".
I love it, but for now i'm not using it.
Need time to make my own cookbook.
I can speak for what I know, French.
The funniest : vegetables mean "légumes" wich is not the same as legumes wich mean "légumineuses" or "légume sec" literraly dry vegetable wich mean dry "légume", that make lot of people confused :)
What did you eat for lunch ?
Lots of légumes with a dry légume soup !
Your soup was dry, what a concept ! What kind of legumes ?
It was courgette.
What the hell is a courgette ?
It's bikini.. euh zucchini sorry !
Ah.. but it's not a legume ?
Yes it's a légume !
NO ! It's a vege-table !
I didn't knew they used leather or fur to make table now..
Duh.. *knock is head on the wall*
In Italian –> vegetables = verdure; legumes = legumi/leguminose (so no problem); grains = cereali.
The problem are spices, or single types of food.
E.g. cinnamon = cannella ; ginger = zenzero; cloves = chiodi di garofano; wheat = grano; oats = avena…
and so on ad endlessy.
Merio: I remember being so surprised at how easy and *good* vegan pancakes are! There's really no reason to use eggs.
Thanks for sharing the Oh She Glows recipe. I thought you (or others) would be interested in knowing about cookbook on vegan waffles. If you don't have a waffle machine, you just make them into pancakes, which is what I do. So far, I really like the recipes I have tried from this book, which includes some nice savory/lunch/dinner ideas:
You're totally right.
And i want to say that i really love the OhSheGlows site, her photos are amazing and i really like her style.
Thanks for the link, i think it will be useful in future.
Are there any appreciable differences or benefits from sticking to whole fruit versus blended? Are there ANY downsides to blended? (Also, is the "fat dumping" response mentioned here related to possibly higher triglyceride levels from sugars?)
Curious about that myself…the blended part (Dr. Greger eats a breakfast smoothie, if I recall) and the part about fat dumping. That sounds like triglycerides to me. Very interesting if fruit doesn't cause that fat dump, as I have seen elsewhere that it does (not necessary a reputable source, can't remember).
I fix my wife a spinach/banana/blueberry/flax smoothie every morning, and she says it holds her to lunch with no problem. If she stops and eats a McMuffin or something similar, she's hungry halfway through the morning and often sick on her stomach from the McCrap. (We're both limiting that sort of thing now, thankfully).
Sounds like my default go-to smoothie…
Although lately I'm getting pretty crazy with mine:
Berries, banana, spinach, kale, swiss chard, watercress, juice of lemon, ginger root, amla, cinnamon, pinch of cloves, rice/pea protein, flaxseed, ice.
It's strong (lemon and ginger), but oh man does it get you going!
That sounds good. We're trying to get back to basics in a lot of ways in my house, so that's too busy. For instance, my lunch usually consists of cold boiled potatoes (white, yellow, sweet, purple, whatever) and whatever non-starchy veg is handy. Sometimes it's taters and another smoothie. Since I needed to make some major changes in my lifestyle, simpler was better. Exercise is some push-ups + lots of walking. I also use a standing desk now (aka, a bunch of boxes). My employer is actually purchasing me a desk for that (raises/lowers for sitting and standing), although no treadmill yet! :^)
I find that removing complications has allowed me to improve my health dramatically over the last several months. Since the solution is as simple as move more and eat plants, I've avoided complexity and have found success.
However, since I enjoy sipping on lemon water all day, adding the lemon and/or ginger to the current mix sounds tasty!
Lots of steps in the right direction — congrats on the health improvements!
Sounds like my default go-to smoothie…
Although lately I'm getting pretty crazy with mine:
Berries, banana, spinach, kale, swiss chard, watercress, juice of lemon, ginger root, amla, cinnamon, pinch of cloves, rice/pea protein, flaxseed, ice.
It's strong (lemon and ginger), but oh man does it get you going!
Good news! Carb the f*** up! as durienrider says on youtube :-)
what an amazing info. I was thinking sugar is sugar and hence has to be kept an eye on. While we certainly have to watch out against 50 banana days there clearly there is a big difference between natural and artifical sugars. Just keep adding natural fruits where possible and avoid artifical ones and you will never go wrong!!!
What to make of this? http://www.elephantjournal.com/2014/12/how-the-unlimited-fruit-myth-can-become-detrimental-to-our-health/
If this was true, then why do DATES, which are essentially pure sugar, IMPROVE triglyceride levels?
Eat your fruits, people!
PS. None of the sources in that article are about fructose from whole fruit.
Yes, I agree to "eat your fruits" and I wasn't advocating on behalf of the article. I was more pissed off that it even exists.
There are better sources of health advice than Marketeers like Virgin and Mercola.
true enough, shame on me for reading it, I guess.
This is such a COOL information to take! Thanks, Dr. Greger!
Dr. Robert Lustig, the author behind the "Fructose: it's "alcohol without the buzz" article, stated in a recent article to "Eat all the fruit you want."
Even Lustig knows that it's not the fructose in fruit that's the problem.
A lot of people like to quote out of context.
All of it just strengthens the evidence for the benefits of whole foods and not for a single culprit in the refined foods department; be it fat/oil, protein or sugar.
T. Colin Campbell derides the reductionist approach whenever possible. He is a smart cookie (of course, a whole-food plant-based cookie!).
Still need to get and read his new book Whole. Loved The China Study.
The book "Whole" is positively one of the most excellent and healthfully-enlightening books I've ever read… actually, I listened to it as an audiobook because I don't enjoy sitting in one place reading books. The audio version lets me do other stuff … like walking, rebounding, treadmill/elliptical at the gym, chores in the house/yard and (hee-hee) tuning out TV while listening to something REALLY good. If you have a subscription to "Audible.com" you can download it and listen to it. Not meaning to promote that website, except to tell you the audio version's there and it's great!
But not Mercola, I have heard him say many times to limit fruit intake because of the fructose. What an ignorant fool that Mercola.
Sorry, Doc, but I have to question here whether it's the fructose driving the insulin spike and hypoglycemic response, since pure industrial fructose is the lowest substance on the Glycemic Index. Sucrose is half glucose, and HFCS is nearly half glucose. White bread is high GI starch.
Very cool about weight loss with the fruit versus no fructose at all.
Also of interest is the biochemistry of fructose:
i think you're right 'cause insulin respond to glucose and not fructose if i remember correctly.
There is two very distinct relations between insulin and fructose:
1- Fructose doesn't need the insulin to enter cells, in opposition to glucose
2- High fructose intake causes insulin to be released by the pancreas and will also lead to insulin resistance in the long term. See the video Sugar: The Bitter Truth by Dr. Lustig
I have seen Lustig's talk. Millions have. I am not advocating we throw caution to the wind and consume a Bug Gulp for Breakfast.
His talk and subsequent TV and media interviews have been peppered with inaccuracies and confounders. He's not only been called out on these errors by plant-based proponents but by more moderate voices and even by his alLIED LCHF comrades.
(1) Aside from sugary beverages, how is most fructose consumed? With an even bigger dose of highly refined white flour and added oils, many of which are man made transfats. Highly refined grain products make insulin soar even more than the sugar.
(2) Most fructose does not get into body cells with or without insulin. IN FACT, fructose is by itself has very little effect on insulin levels. Fructose is in the bottom basement of the Glycemic Index. Most fructose is processed by the liver where it is converted to glucose and lactate plus some VLDL.
(3) The obesity epidemic continued to worsen even as sugar consumption decreased.
(4) You can easily end up insulin resistant without eating a single molecule of sugar. That's what has happened to many who follow a severe carb restricted diet.
What about dried fruit? What are the health benefits compared to fresh fruit and has the sugar in them become too concentrated that it will be unhealthy?
Sugar sure is food for a lot of strawmen. Thanks for lighter, Dr Greger!
Instead of trying to combine a bunch of different foods together at one meal, how about making it easier on your digestion system by having only one or two foods at a meal and then a different, and complimentary food, at the next meal. Seems that animals mostly do that?
This is great news. I am still wondering about cancer and fruit. I hear about how sugar feeds cancer. I would love to see studies that address how fruit affects cancer. Are there any?
I think you will find this video very interesting:
I think there are some other videos along these lines too, but I don't have a specific one in mind in order to look it up. The bottom line for me is that I have seen more evidence that fruit – or at least certain fruits – do more good in fighting cancer rather than bad.
This video can be of interest ;)
Which Fruit Fights Cancer Better?
In Health
Perfect. How on earth did I forget that one?!? Thanks Adrien!
Yes I'm wondering about cancer and fruit too as I eat much less fruit since I was diagnosed
I prefer the videos grouped on the same topic. Thanks for asking.
Wondering about smoothies. I tried to do green smoothies every day for a while but stopped because I felt an unhealthy blood sugar spike. Do you think the pureeing of fruits, making the fructose more available, can contribute to this, even if the fiber is still present, because it makes the fructose more easily digestible than a whole fruit? Or maybe it's that pureeing makes it so that I was eating larger serving sizes of fruit in one sitting than if I were just munching on the whole thing?
Hi Lauren. Smoothies are so good! I am glad that you are trying to incorporate this healthy green drink in your daily regime. The symptoms you described could be insulin resistance. It is possible that your diet consists of excess saturated fat, which blocks glucose from entering the cells. See Dr Greger's video http://nutritionfacts.org/video/what-causes-insulin-resistance/
As far as fructose goes, I would say that you are on the right track. Fiber does in deed slow the absorption rate, but if you gulp it down all at once, you lose that benefit. When you eat fruit, you chew one bite at a time which is the natural rate in which we were supposed to absorb its nutrition, chewing it, mixing it with our saliva, stimulating stomach juices, etc. When you gulp down your smoothie, you will put all of its content (2 bananas and 2 oranges?) into your system, all at once.
What you can do is try to chew smoothie in your mouth, allow your saliva to do some job and take your time to enjoy it. Considering your glucose spike, I would use lower glycemic fruits and look into a whole-food, plant-based diet to reverse insulin resistance and in the future, enjoy your fruit or green fruit smoothie without a problem. I hope this can help you!
I think you may be particularly spot on about the fat. I've been logging my calories via MyFitnessPal for 130 days now, and my calories are consistently from about 45% fat. Way too much, even if most is plant based! Trying to bring it down but for whatever reason, fat is my downfall. In dressing, sautees, roasting…the more vegetables I try to eat, the more my fat intake goes up. So it's a balance I need to work on. And then maybe after I've tackled that I'll be able to stomach a smoothie.
The newest videos finally solved this mystery for me! Now I know exactly why green smoothies didn't work for me.
This topic is discussed in one of the green-smoothie videos on NF.org. Most likely, you are simply experiencing a blood-sugar spike due to the natural fiber being disrupted during blending. I experience this as well, unfortunately, but find smoothies to be a convenient method of consuming fruit.
I have a question because I suffer from hypoglycemia
several hours after consuming fruit or other rich sources of sugar,
unbuffered by a more complex meal. I know the liver responds by
converting the excess fructose to glycogen or triglycerides for storage.
But is this flood of triglycerides, whether it be from the fructose or
the body's reaction to "starvation" mentioned in Dr. Greger's video,
harmful? Can it lead to or exacerbate Coronary Artery Disease? I know
Dr,. Ornish and Dr Esselstyn both touch on this but I would also like to
hear Dr. Greger's take based on what the research says.
What has Ornish said on this (hypoglycemia)?
I've seen quick digesting melons crash some people I know, really
bringing down their blood sugar within 10 minutes. Either too much insulin produced in reaction
to the melons digesting too quickly/easily, or something else occurring?
But I am curious about Ornishe's take re: heart disease in relation
to hypoglycemia.
I have not seen anything from Dr. Ornish or Esselstyn directly making these connections -but there is plenty of information already in the medical literature discussing the different biochemical pathways of fructose metabolism, hypoglycemia and fatty liver disease for example -so I am sure they are aware of this. I would definitely like to hear what Dr. Greger has to say based on the research but I would also like to point out that what makes this that much more complicated is that while the biochemistry is the same, each individual's body reacts in its own unique way to their environment ( look into epigenetics). So while one individual may be able to basically live on fruit -it may be detrimental to another.
Nutritionfacts.org has addressed treatments to diabetes. Cinnamon, although toxic at high doses has great benefit with regards to lowering blood sugar. One teaspoon a day. Some amla powder would also be very effective. Flax seed meal is shown to mute blood sugar spikes, as are some berries. Hibiscus tea helps to regulate blood sugar. Whole grains are always helpful. Some people feel that obesity is a cause of diabetes. Some medications, like Zyprexa and Haldol and most of the psychiatric medications that one third of Americans take at some point (one fourth or so take chronically) can increase blood sugar and increase weight. There are specific foods that can help people with diabetes, and diets that can prevent diabetes. Diabetes that include whole grain, beans, and brocalli can help prevent diabetes, perhaps prevention is the best path to handling that disease.
I wonder if the blood sugar spike blunting effect is just limited to berries.. For example, with the white bread observation, if you were to take that same white bread and add dark green leafy vegetables and make a "greens sandwich" would you still observe the blunting effect? They established it's not just the fiber in whole plant food but that there is also something more.. Is it a phytonutrient limited to the berry family or something more widely spread throughout the plant kingdom I wonder?
Yes, could somebody with a good grasp of the subject please answer this question? How accurate is it to make generalizations about all fruits from work on berries?
Hi Harriet,
If you glance at the articles referenced one uses apples. When you consider the findings together we can comfortably say our bodies responds differently from the fructose in whole fruit vs the fructose in sugar water. This becomes important when you hear some people saying fruit servings should be limited. I am really looking forward to the next video! What surprised me was the juice findings.
re: " What surprised me was the juice findings."
Me too!!!
From a 2010 review: " Apple juice contains polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid and phloridzin, with higher levels in cloudy juice compared to clear juice. When nine healthy subjects consumed a 25 g glucose load in 400 mL of commercial apple juices, the mean plasma glucose concentrations were significantly lower at 15 and 30 min after ingestion of clear apple juice, and significantly lower at 15 min but significantly higher at 45 and 60 min after ingestion of cloudy apple juice compared to control drink [45]. The effects of apple juices on plasma glucose, insulin, GIP and GLP-1 concentrations were consistent with delayed absorption of glucose." http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2871121/
I've asked the author for an update on the studies re fruits and fruit juices. Anybody have access to other full articles discussing effects of fruits and juices on glucose absorption? Anybody recall that orange juice study citation?
Does delayed glucose absorption still trigger insulin production? Daryll, are you there and could you help?
re: "Before, I would have these long series on single topics, … Let me know what you think…"
Personally, I prefer to have the videos all together. That way, I (or someone else I want to refer to the topic) can start at the first video in a series and keep hitting "Next Video" to watch the entire series. Given the way the NutritionFacts search engine currently works (including no dates on the return search results), the current practice of spreading out videos makes it extremely hard to go back and watch the videos of a series in order — or even to find the first video in the series.
An alternative to keeping the series together in terms of publishing order: would be to keep the current practice of spacing videos out – but add a new "series" feature to the website. So, on any particular video in a series, users could click to go to the next or previous video *in the series*. Each video page in a series would also need an easy link to get to the beginning of the series, and a clear indication when the end of the series is reached. Also, the search feature would need to be altered to be able to filter to series. (Actually, it would be kind of nice to have something of a series feature even if you do publish the videos in order.)
I like the alternative idea as the best of both worlds, but the alternative idea could mean a lot of work to the website. The easiest thing to do would be to publish a series in order…
publish a series in order… It doesn't make sense not to. Why aren't they?
no dates on the return search results… Wish all videos and blogs had dates of publishing easily available.
jj: re: " Wish all videos and blogs had dates of publishing easily available."
Me too!
I prefer presenting things in chunks too, although I could be wrong about some of my beliefs:
1. It's easier for the viewer to think deeper about the topic if the videos are close in proximity.
2. It's no big deal being bored with the site's videos for a week or two. Loyal people will not leave because of this.
3. I'm concerned that video series won't be as well crafted if Gregor and co. produce videos in the series piecemeal. It suggests that they'll be thinking less about the research cited in the prior videos, and there will be more pressure to publish news on 'big' topics immediately rather than letting it marinate and talk to other findings.
4. I think it helps to cover controversial subjects in a largish, contiguous series. This allows skeptical guests to have an extended conversation over several days and several facets of an argument. I fear that if you waited before publishing the next video in the series, these relatively non-committal viewers will have lost interest and moved onto something else.
That said, part of the way blog posts work currently is to summarize and index a lot of previous work that touches on a single topic. This is almost all the way to a see-all-the-videos-in-a-series feature. Therefore I suppose there is some reason to think that at least the thoughtful viewers will still be able to find all parts of a long argument in one place. There also may be a few bits of news which are so contemporaneous that the site could capture more viewers simply by making a video comment while the topic is still hot and people are actively trading links.
I think introducing the topics in "chunks" is the best way to implant a concept into the brain. If someone is bored with a certain topic, then perhaps she can spend her time that week perusing older videos of interest until a new topic comes up. There is so much amazing information on this site that I think it would be difficult to get bored.
tedster: re: "…the best way to implant a concept into the brain… perhaps she can spend her time that week perusing older videos of
interest until a new topic comes up. There is so much amazing
information…" I agree with all of your points!
I'm pretty sure that Dr. Greger reads the comments, even if he doesn't have time to answer them. So, hopefully he will see that all of the "votes" so far are for "chunking." :-)
Any info on dried fruits ? – raisins , dried ( unsweetened cranberries), figs, those wonderful Greek (unsulphored) apricots from TJ's . I assume the only difference the lower concentration of water, but substantially no change in the chemistry of fiber+fructose.
Dear Dr. Greger, thank you so much for your information which I share with my patients at the Lydian Center for Transformational Healthcare in Cambridge, Mass.
While you're talking about insulin and blood sugar spikes, can you help me with my patients who have an insulin pump and simply eat whatever they want (white sugar, white flour) then dial in the carb count to their pump to get the appropriate amount of insulin? I'm sure this can't be good, aside from missing nutrients from the empty calories. What effect are all those insulin spikes having on the body? Their endocrinologists certainly aren't warning them about it!
Thanks for the quick info about sugar + berries, but that seemed quite obvious… good thing it is now proven by some researches !
I found the fructose part a lot more interesting as its effects seems worse than glucose, and I was wondering if the "berry effect" applied to fructose too? Also, I thought the fatty acid peak after the fructose intake was actually the fructose that was transformed into fat by the liver, as its metabolic pathway is more similar to ethanol than glucose. Now, Berry + industrial fructose mixture: what do you think the result would be ? :)
Here's an educational video that compares ethanol and fructose long term exposure effect, along with detailed liver function for fructose metabolism (by Dr Lustig PhD):
is there data on other types of berries?
So juicing fruits and removing the fiber is not good for our triglycerides?
What does he mean by this:
"In response our body dumps fat into our blood stream as if we're starving".
Where does that fat come from?
Our fat cells. Adipose tissue. They store fat, ready for release and use at any time we're running low on energy.
What is the impact of fruit fructose on triglycerides? And what about fruit juices?
Great video. What happens to the fat that is eventually dumped into the blood as a result of eating table sugar? Why is that increase in blood fats a problem? Thank you.
The takeaway message is how it is best to eat whole berries; in fact, include them in every way we can — the natural fiber and phytonutrients are used slow and well by the body — and avoids 'freak out' responses by the body, which stress out our insulin and fat tissue mechanisms.
Hi. I´d like to know what Dr. Gregor thinks about this. Cancer cells having 70 receptors more for fructose than any other form of sugar. This is very interesting. Maybe he can debate with Brian Clement at the event, Orlando, 22th may. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SsjppiOOprY Thank Youuuuuuuuuuuu
HI Emmanuel. The concept that sugar feeds cancer cells is misleading. Processed and refined foods can be health depleting foods for cancer patients, whereas health supporting foods are food rich in fiber and antioxidant. Fruits fall into this category, often the dark berries are best and also low in fruit sugar as is. I cannot comment on Brian Clement. He was in the news recently poorly representing diet and health. I understand news stories can be misleading, so that devastating story besides I have seen one of his talks and I am not convinced of his dietary approaches until more research is known.
Hi Dr. Greger. What do you think of the Eu's ban on american apples because they contain dpa? Should I avoid eating conventionally grown american apples as well? I just bought a bunch of them and I don't know if I should throw them away or eat them.
Hmmm. Not sure? Have you seen his latest video on organics? I hate wasting food, period. I cannot say what to do. I recommend what Dr. Greger mentions. Basically eat organic whenever possible. Consuming conventional produce has more benefits than risks.
How does fructose, from whole fruit or otherwise, affect the growth of cancer cells?
Fruit may reduce the risk of several forms of cancer. The exact methods are not known. My study link gives some ideas regarding mechanisms involved. See if that help? I also recommend information from the American Institute for Cancer Research
Best regards,
it's very cleansing. If apples cn clean your teet they can clean your insides! Tey r also full of nutrition and eaten raw usually!
If your trying to lose weight, fruit is bad no matter which way you look at it, even if it is a complex carb.
Think about it.. it's already been proven that diseases like gout did not manifest from diets high in meat but rather high in sugar, so how exactly did gout get labelled as the Kings disease if meat was ruled out?
What's the one food that ancient royalty seemed to snack on all the time? Come on it's easy, it's been documented that they always had big plates or platters of this around because of it's sweetness…. fruit. Your common peasants never had gout, neither did soldiers, gladiators, or workers. It was always those lazy whip crackers with the giant platters of fruit beside them.
Sugar in fruits dont act the samevway as added sugar. Wen u add sugar u cause an imbalance and the body is a big wuantum chemical equation trying to balance
What about agave syrup?
Dr Bob demaria suggested that fruit causes fatty liver
Hi, my school is telling me that; to much fructose will be converted by the liver into cholesterol? Never heard of this and I was quite dazzled. can someone please refer to some scientific proof so i can discuss this with them.
I have heard that fruits like mangoes and bananas should not be eaten in the morning because they have a high insulin effect. Is it true that we should be careful if we want to lose weight?
Thanks for your question! No need to avoid any type of fruit when trying to lose weight. Dr. G actually recommends 3 servings of fruit per day as part of his Daily Dozen. All fruits are intact carbohydrates that contain a variety of wonderful vitamins/minerals/antioxidants and lots of fiber. So, go ahead and enjoy those bananas and mangos too! Hope this helps!
Thank you very much. What would be a serving size for cherries, mango or blueberries for example? Is 1 banana = 1 serving?
One serving = 1/2 cup fresh or frozen berries, 1 medium-sized fruit, or 1 cup of cut-up fruit. A medium banana would be about 1 serving – a large banana might be about 1.5 servings.
What about eating fruit if you have cancer? Cancer cells love sugar, so does that mean people with cancer should avoid fruit? Or, is it OK to eat whole fruit but not juice? That is what I am doing (mostly berries), but I would like to know whether that's a good idea.
TeriThomas: I can think of several videos on this site showing fruit fighting cancer. I agree that eating the whole fruit makes more sense. And if you actually have cancer, you might want to focus on those fruits which are proven to fight cancer best. Here are some videos you might want to check out:
There's probably more videos on the same topic as well. I just did a very quick search.
I don't know where the hatred of Fructose came from if not the sugar industry. First of all, table sugar (which is sucrose) is a combination of glucose and fructose. Glucose spikes blood sugar to a higher level than fructose, (because it is blood ready and requires no breakdown, being the simple source of energy for all our functions bodily, yet needed in a steady limited blood sugar level, such as is produced by digesting more complex carbs). Glucose requires no digestion and goes straight to the blood.
From Wikipedia : "There are speculations that excessive fructose consumption is a cause of insulin resistance, obesity,[9] elevated LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, leading to metabolic syndrome,[10][11][12] type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.[13] However, the European Food Safety Authority stated that fructose is preferred over sucrose and glucose in sugar-sweetened foods and beverages because of its lower effect on post-prandial blood glucose levels.[14] Further, the UK's Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition in 2015 disputed the claims of fructose causing metabolic disorders, stating that "there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate that fructose intake… leads to adverse health outcomes independent of any effects related to its presence as a component of total and free sugars."
In the health food industry crystalline fructose is sold as a healthier alternative to sugar. If you drink 100% pure grape juice it is often sweetened with fructose (legally) to match a standard level of expected sweetness, fructose being THE naturally occurring sugar in grape juice.
Dr Micheal, Could you kindly let me know if there are any conditions where fruit should be limited like with elevated triglicerides or cholesterol or is fruit ok for everyone? I am a health educator in Chile and literally everyone has jumped on the band wagon that fruit is the cause of non alcoholic liver and everything else. I believe fruit should be a large part of our diet and the more we eat the better but there might be some exceptions?
If frutose is bad, what about agave?…Isn't it natural?
Bridget: Fructose is natural too… You might want to research agave. Last I read, depending on the brand you get, agave can have a large percentage of fructose.
Hello Michael,
I really appreciate all the research interpretation NutritionFacts disseminates. You have changed the way I live and think about a meaningful lifestyle.
My questions are: is it correct to say high consumption of fruits (such as berries, cranberries, cherries, grapes, dates and apples) in the tune of 300-500 grams per day is perfectly appropriate from a health perspective?
Dr Hyman suggests we obtain the majority of our carbohydrates from cruciferous vegetables, and suggests we consume even starchy vegetables and black/red/brown rice in moderation, and avoid gluten entirely. What are your thoughts on this? I eat organic whole rolled oats daily, sweet potato daily, and organic rye/whole grain/spelt bread daily – according to Hyman this is bad.
Cheers! :)
A lot of honey producers or sellers add syrup to the honey to make it larger in volume. Many tell you it is pure honey when it is not.
I have been consuming fruit smoothies for the past several years and considered ceasing doing so after learning of Dr. Esselstyn's view of smoothies, which virtually attributes the various damages of industrial fructose to smoothies due to the natural fiber being disrupted. Luckily, in this video and others, Dr. Greger replied to each and every claim made by Dr. Esselstyn and proved them erroneous, except for one: the latter attributed damage to the endothelium to smoothies. I would presume this is yet another damage caused by industrial fructose mistakenly attributed to blended fruit fructose, but I would like to hear some substantiated opinions. Thank you.
A friend insisted that all sugars including those from natural sources like fruit and honey, maple syrup, dates, etc as well as commercial sugars can not only cause the progression of cancer bit also initiate cancer itself. Please see this study and let me know if this supports her position. It is a bit too technical for me. https://www.jci.org/articles/view/63146#.WgZ4Vg6_L8I.email
Can Dr. Greger or someine on his team please check out the above study and get back to us here?
I'm not sure how many fruits a type II can eat? I keep resisting them because I'm not sure if they are good for me.
After watching his video again, I wonder if table sugar had the same response as high fructose corn syrup. I also notice that additive sugar increases a fat-dump into the bloodstream. So if we have excess fat dumped into our veins, from "sugars" is that contributing to heart and vascular disease? All I ever hear about is Fat is bad, but surely refined sugar, and more so high fructose corn sugar seems to be a big part of the equation. Is it not?
I consume an oat beverage that has no added sugar but nonetheless has 20g of sugar per serving size of 8 oz. I contacted the company that produces it and they explained that these are natural sugars found in the oats that are released once enzymes are added to them. Is this oat beverage a healthy choice given that the sugar is not added to it? Or is it the same as consuming say soy beverage with added sugar, since the sugar is released before it gets into the body?
Please let me know what you think about this reasoning:
The liver has only about 80–100 grams of space for glycogen. One can fill that space with glucose and glucose converted from fructose, up to that limit.
Let's use an example of just three bananas, two apples, one cup of grapes, a kiwi, and one cup of blueberries:
* 18 grams of fructose in three bananas
* 20 grams of fructose in two apples
* 12 grams of fructose in one cup of grapes
* 3 grams of fructose in one kiwi
* 14 grams of fructose in one cup of blueberries
Total fructose: 67 grams
Total simple sugars: 116 grams
(There are numerous accounts of fruitarians eating MUCH more than this—and often multiple times a day.)
When consuming a meal, both glucose and fructose are presented to the liver for storage—to form glycogen, a chain of pure glucose.
The liver DOESN'T KNOW THE DIFFERENCE between glucose that was originally fructose and glucose obtained directly from fruit.
The simple sugars add up very quickly together and fill up the liver. (We are also assuming here that we exercise properly and completely deplete our liver glycogen before a meal.)
The only option left for an overwhelmed liver is to transform any excess fructose into a less glycative type of molecule for storage—triglycerides, which is a type of fat. (This is because fructose contributes to the reaction of glycation so much that the liver MUST trap it before it has a chance to reach systemic circulation.)
In contrast to fructose, a large amount of glucose is allowed to pass through the liver. The liver gets its fill and lets the remaining glucose go to the muscle.
Let's revisit Dr. Greger's video.
The y-axis on that graph is actually a delayed glucose response, since the fructose is bottlenecked in the liver. One can only imagine the load the liver is experiencing. The sugar spike is both from all the dietary glucose consumed during the meal AND from all the glucose converted from fructose. But only the glucose can be measured accurately.
The video also said the study used 3 tablespoons of table sugar (12.5 grams of fructose)—a MODEST AMOUNT of fructose (equivalent to a cup of grapes), to blunt the sugar spike with the accompanying phytonutrients and fiber.
Even with the "slow release" associated with the presence of fruit fiber, as demonstrated in the video, the fructose still needs to go somewhere. Once the liver is full from a high-sugar/high-fructose meal, the only option is to form triglycerides.
(By the way, Dr. Greger himself recommends only three to four servings of fruit a day!)
You are absolutely right, but actually in another video I heard the liver has a maximum storage capacity of 60 grams of glycogen, and the rest is converted into fat. I was shocked to see that my last blood test showed an elevated triglycerides level (285 mg/dl). Of course it´s my fault because I was eating like 5 fruit servings and a daily banana smoothie with a tablespoon of jam (sweetened with…high fructose corn syrup!!)
The worst thing is I eat starch based (complex carbs mostly), so people on a HCLF diet who meet their daily carbs requirement should severely limit fruit consumption, unless they make a ton of excercise to burn all that energy. I was quite lazy lately but now I´m excercising more
I' ve cut out fruit almost completely for the moment, only a kiwi a day for vitamin C, in fact fruit is not that necessary since you can get all the fiber, vitamins and minerals from veggies, nuts, beans and whole grains without the downsides from fructose (the worst kind of sugar). It´s really bad even when it comes in the whole fruit
Hi Federico, thanks for your comment. Well, done with taking action for better health with doing more exercise along with taking nuts,beans,whole grain. I just wanted to mention that whole fruit is a good source of food with vitamins minerals and fiber and phytonutrients, one can limit the amount of daily fruit intake according to their daily energy requirements and activity. In this video Dr Greger points out "Only industrial, not fruit fructose intake was associated with declining liver function. Same thing with high blood pressure. Fructose from added sugars was associated with hypertension; fructose from natural fruits is not. If you compare the effects of a diet restricting fructose from both added sugars and fruit to one just restricting fructose from added sugars, the diet that kept the fruit did better. People lost more weight with the extra fruit present than if all fructose was restricted".
Interesting video. Recently I had a heart attack followed by a quadruple heart bypass. I now have to watch and e careful my new bypasses do not clogged up again.
On hospital advice I am currently following a low fat way of eating but find I am eating quite a lot of fruit.
I am concerned that too much Fruit (causing sugar in bloodstream) will cause Arteries to be inflamed and eventually lead to more coronary heart disease.
Do you have any opinion on this?
Was this positive phytonutrient affect the same for dried fruits?
Yes, it would be the same for dried fruits since they are whole foods; they retain the fiber and antioxidants. Check out the following link on dried fruits. https://nutritionfacts.org/topics/dried-fruit/
where are the reference links? I keep getting directed to videos but I want to see the evidence of these studies.
Hello is fruit bad if you are having a yeast infection or other vaginal bacteria issues? I was told to eliminate all fruit for a week and being vegan and pregnant I only want to do this if necessary.


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To mark the 50th anniversary of the death of Ralph Vaughan Williams, Naxos are reissuing their cycle of symphonies now packaged in a neat cardboard slipcase.
The project started life as a series of studio recordings following concert performances by the Bournemouth Symphony conducted by their Principal Guest Conductor, Kees Bakels. Born in Holland, he did not have that upbringing in the world of British orchestral music and coming fresh to each symphony he added many insights that have escaped British conductors. His 'London' Symphony does 'smell' of that great city, yet it never gets bogged down in the sounds of the city pictured therein and which Boult and his followers loved to point out. Maybe Bakels' greatest achievement came in the Sinfonia Antarctica where the sheer hopelessness and desolation are chilling in their inevitability. I also much liked his Third where there is equally a picture of bleakness. Sadly for the series Bakels was invited to form and become Music Director of the new Malaysian Symphony Orchestra, and the cycle was picked up by Paul Daniel who had already contributed the outstanding Walton cycle to the Naxos catalogue. Thankfully he proved to be equally unencumbered by British 'tradition', and by avoiding the cataclysmic opening we hear in the composer's own recording of the Fourth, he gives a much more balanced view of the score. Here it is the finale that is disturbing, the vicious ending coming as a horrific surprise. His view of the Sea Symphony is lashed with salt spray as the many moods of the sea are faithfully captured. Along the way some 'fillers' were added, including the Overture to The Wasps, First Norfolk Rhapsody and Flos Campi. The well-rehearsed playing by the Bournemouth orchestra is never less than excellent and is often inspired, the sound quality more than satisfying. At the price of four regular Naxos discs this is a genuine bargain not to be missed.


text:
Difference Between Orthodontics and Orthopedics
Orthodontics refers to the specific field of dentistry that focuses on the study and treatment of improper bites (malocclusions), the irregular teeth, and misappropriates in jaw bite. On the contrary, Orthopedics deals with musculoskeletal problems. It tries to find new ways so that you can handle Musculoskeletal problems successfully. It has special focus on the muscles, bones, joints, ligaments, tendons and nerves in the body. The branch was originally established to investigate and treat disability in children, but now has grown into a full-fledged health care for both children and adults
Some common Orthodontic Treatment: -.
Comprehensive Treatment: Used for treatment of malocclusion
Interceptive Treatment involves a process of extraction of teeth in a planned manner with the use of simple equipment
Fixing of braces: Involves the use of various types of braces to restore the position of teeth
Treatment with other orthodontic appliances: treatment with other devices includes fixed equipment, mobile devices, rapid expansion, quad Felix, pendulum, and so on.
Some of the common handling aids:
Arthroscopy: the process where a camera and other special equipment is used to navigate within a section to monitor and treat the injury
Joint Replacement:. This is done by setting prosthesis in the arthritic joint or joint that is damaged
Osteotomy: This refers to a particular process in the correction of defects that helps the cut bone and its restoration
Soft tissue repair:. This process is done on tendons or ligaments that are frayed.
The internal fixation: it helps in the treatment of broken bones by creating the position of plates, screws and bolts
Fusion: Using this process the bones are welded together using rods or bone graft
Orthodontic treatment is used to deal specific conditions such as crowding of teeth or anteroposterior discrepancy, and so on. On the other hand Orthopedics is back, sore legs and feet, arthritis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Sports Injuries, osteoporosis and other musculoskeletal system conditions.
Abstract :.
- Orthodontics is a special field of dentistry that deals with improper bites, irregular teeth, and packaging of teeth. Orthopedics is the study of human Musculoskeletal system.
B. Orthodontics is the crowding of teeth or anteroposterior discrepancy, and support tools in pain in the legs and feet, arthritis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and so on.


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Local Authority
Conflicting evidence in a tripping claim: can an appeal court intervene?
Denise Brosnan reviews her recent successful appeal on behalf of Dudley Metropolitan Borough Council, against a finding of a breach of the Occupiers' Liability Act 1957 in a tripping claim. Denise…Read more
Vicarious liability extended: liability of local authorities for abuse by foster carers.
Liability of local authorities for abuse by foster carers.Read more
Local authorities: vicarious liability for the wrongful acts of foster carers
The Supreme Court has today decided by a majority of 4-1 that a local authority can be held vicariously liable for abuse of a child committed by foster parents whilst in their careRead more
Discount rate alert: government announces change to the way the rate is calculated
Following an announcement to the London Stock Exchange this morning the MoJ has now published its response to the discount rate consultation along with draft legislation.Read more
Quarterly Scottish Insurance Focus
Welcome to the first edition of our Scottish Insurance Publication. This is a quarterly update on the most pressing issues in the Insurance market in Scotland. We will bring you crucial decisions…Read more
Claimant who trips up over her own evidence in injury claim forced to pay insurer's costs
A claimant who had suggested that she had tripped over a hosepipe on a forecourt, causing her injury, saw her claim for damages dismissed after a Judge concluded he did not find her story in any way…Read more
The duty to repair (still) does not equate to a duty to make safe
The Court of Appeal has reconsidered the application of s.4 of the Defective Premises Act 1972 (the "1972 Act") in a case where a man later died after having fallen down a staircase without a…Read more
Historic abuse claims: When is late too late?
Paul Donnelly and Samantha Chambers acted on behalf of the Defendant and its insurers in Wilde v Coventry City Council (2017) – a historic abuse claim where HHJ Maloney QC refused to exercise…Read more
Will the Supreme Court extend local authorities' liability for the actions of third parties?
In February, the Supreme Court heard the case of NA v Nottinghamshire County Council relating to abuse by foster parents and whether a local authority can be liable for this. Whilst the case relates…Read more
Snow and ice: is the highway 'endangered?'
Katrina Boyd reviews the evidence in this recent successful defence for Oxfordshire County Council, focussing on the highway's duty under s.41 (1A) of the Highways Act 1980 to ensure, so far as is…Read more


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A term generally used to denote the qirāʾāt, the different ways of reciting the Qurʾān. Variant readings are an important aspect of Qurʾān recitation (see recitation of the qurʾān; reciters of the qurʾān), ¶ but qirāʾāt refer to more than that. Other elements — such as differences concerning length…
Readings of the Qurʾān(6,725 words)
Cite this pageLeemhuis, Frederik, "Readings of the Qurʾān", in: Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān, General Editor: Jane Dammen McAuliffe, Georgetown University, Washington DC. Consulted online on 29 September 2020 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1875-3922_q3_EQCOM_00167>
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Extensive English Development
Nationally recognized as one of the top schools in the United States, Mercersburg Academy is a private, college preparatory boarding school with a reputation for excellence that attracts young men and women in grades 9-12 from 30 states and 40 nations during the regular school year. During the summer, extensive English development and rewarding cultural immersion experiences draw students who are committed to rigorous academic effort.
This intensive and creative program is open to international students who possess a working knowledge of the English language and are able to communicate on at least basic verbal and written levels. It features a comprehensive and stimulating curriculum designed to improve communication skills in English speaking, listening, writing, and reading.
In the classroom, ESL+ students are divided by skill level, regardless of age. All students are evaluated when they arrive and placed into classes based on core English competencies. This proven method for learning places students in environments where they are properly challenged, paced, and supported.
While courses are taught according to ability to digest information and to apply acquired knowledge, the use of progressive teaching principles allows students who qualify to move easily up levels of study as they master essential skills.
Program Features
- Competitive admission and limited enrollment in each grade level and nationality
- Diagnostic testing and placement in appropriate skill level
- Student-to-faculty ratio of 5 to 1
- Multiple levels of study in English speaking, listening, writing, and reading
- Test preparation courses for all students
- Daily help sessions and supervised evening study hall
- Structured activities beyond the classroom
- Visits to campuses of prestigious American colleges
- More than 70 percent of participants attend (or plan to attend) American boarding schools
Curriculum and Primary Program Areas
The ESL+ program concentrates on improving English skills in speaking, listening, writing, and reading. Each course is specifically designed to allow students to learn these skills through different techniques, subjects, and interactive environments. Among many other things, all students will be asked to attend Vocabulary and Listening Labs, create culminating class projects or presentations, and prepare for the TOEFL test. Courses change from year to year for a number of reasons, including keeping the subject matter fresh for teachers and to the benefit of the students.
The following are samples of courses that have been offered in the ESL+ program:
Concentrations in reading comprehension, writing, grammar, and conversation.
Explores the important people, events, and themes that have shaped the country's heritage and geography.
Encompasses many aspects of life in the United States, including the development of the country's traditions and customs.
A creative yet demanding approach engages students with formal and conversational speaking and listening skills.
Concentration in library research, time management, test preparation, note taking strategies, organizing and handling homework loads, and navigating the Internet for research purposes.
A significant amount of time is devoted to test preparation exercises and strategies for the TOEFL examination. Each participant will also take a TOEFL practice test during the final week of the program.
Beyond the Classroom
The Mercersburg ESL+ experience is about much more than just the classroom. Students studying at Mercersburg Academy in the summer enjoy a variety of activities which lead to a meaningful immersion experience.
Learn more about the experience:
Shopping at local malls and outlet centers as well as trips to amusement parks, performances, cinemas, and professional sporting events. ESL+ utilizes Mercersburg's extensive athletic facilities to play American and international sports such as basketball, flag football, soccer, tennis, and squash. In addition, afternoon electives can include dance, music and visual arts, yoga and crafts.
Students live on campus in one of Mercersburg's modern, air-conditioned dormitories, typically with a roommate. Members of the ESL+ staff live in the dormitories with the students. All academic and extracurricular facilities on campus are available including the student center. Students are allowed to use cell phones during breaks and in the dorms, but are not allowed in the classrooms.
Dorm living features include:
- Spacious, air-conditioned rooms, carpeted hallways, tiled bathrooms with private shower areas
- Dorms are divided by gender
- Telephone and data connections are available in each room
- Laundry facilities on each floor
- Common rooms with kitchen areas and multimedia components (tv and dvd)
- 24-hour dormitory supervision by ESL+ staff members
Day trips on the weekend to major U.S. cities can include Washington, DC, Philadelphia, and New York City. Weekday trips to points of historical and cultural interest are used to extend the learning experience and to assist students in their introduction to U.S. culture and schooling.
Participants will have the option to travel to at least one American university. ESL+ students have the opportunity to take tours, attend informational sessions and gather materials from the school.
Mercersburg is home to some of the finest teachers in the country, and the ESL+ staff reflects that excellence. The experienced staff understands boarding school life and they assist students with each endeavor and challenge. The faculty is diverse, with extensive language and multi-cultural teaching experience. Qualified instructors guide each class, with teaching assistants providing extra support and supervision beyond the classroom.
Safety is our priority at all times. The Mercersburg Summer campus is patrolled 24 hours a day by security personnel, access to dormitories is limited to summer participants and all summer staff are required to receive full state and federal clearances as required by the Pennsylvania Department of Education. Not only is our staff certified in CPR/AED, many also have first aid training.
Our on-campus Health Center is managed by a team of RNs and we work closely with a local family practice for campers that may need additional care. There is also a full time Health Service Assistant available for all internal programs. Although rare, if a situation demands it, the campus is approximately 25 minutes from 3 local hospitals.
ESL+ in Recent History
Mercersburg has hosted students from more than 15 countries and sovereign areas in recent summers for its highly recognized Intensive English Language Programs. Students from (but not limited to) Azerbaijan, China, France, Hong Kong, Hungary, Japan, Mexico, Poland, Russia, Spain, Taiwan, and Turkey engaged in demanding academic studies, traveled on exciting cultural trips, and made friends with other students through fun social and athletic activities.


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Posts in memisc
New memisc release 0.99.20.1 improves compatibility with RStudio and "tidyverse"
Release 0.99.20.1. has been published on CRAN. It improves the way the package interoperates with RStudio and "tidyverse". In particular:
A function
view() provides a generic interface to the GUI function
View() in base R and RStudio. It makes it possible to extend it to
data objects of the classes "
descriptions", and "
A method for "
data.set" objects allows to transfer these
objects more easiliy into the "tidyverse", i.e. facilitates the use of
functions from these package ecosystem on data sets imported or created with
memisc. An
as_haven() function translates "
data.set" objects into
"tibbles" with that extra information that the "haven" package adds to
"tibbles" imported with the help of that package. This should allow to view
and post-process data imported with memisc more or less the same way as if
the data were imported with "haven".
New memisc release 0.99.17.1 facilitates checking your data
A new release 0.99.17.1 of my package memisc has been published on CRAN. The new release has the following improvements:
mtable() results now include a legend for significance symbols.
codeplan() function creates a data frame that describes the
structure of an
"importer" or
"data.set" object. Such
"codeplans" can be used to copy the "item structure" or code plan from
one object to another.
memisc 0.99 published on CRAN
A new version 0.99 of package memisc has been published on CRAN, which adds a few new features to the previously published version.
memisc 0.97 released
Version 0.97 of package memisc has been released to CRAN.


text: Infrastructure Cloud computing in 2011: 3 trends changing adoption Shane O Neill @itworldca Published: February 9th, 2011The business benefits of a cloud computing model have been well stated. You cut costs by switching to more flexible on-demand IT resources that can better handle the ebb and flow technology needs at a company.But adopting a cloud model for your company is a multifaceted decision-making process. Before even sitting down at the negotiating table with a vendor, IT managers and CIOs need to make sure their infrastructures are virtualized and cloud-ready, and that they have a firm grasp of their own security and compliance regulations.The cloud is also a world with various layers and choices. Do you adopt a public, private or hybrid cloud model? Do you use the cloud for software or your whole infrastructure? Are you a formal (enterprise IT) buyer or an informal (mid-market, SMB) buyer, and how does that affect the model you choose?Visit our Cloud Computing Resource Centre for more articles, videos and expert adviceThen there are the different service models, aka the "aaS" acronyms: SaaS (software-as-a-service), IaaS (infrastructure-as-a-service) and PaaS (platform-as-a-service).As these different cloud markets and services splinter off in 2011, business adoption will shift in three significant ways, according to Forrester's 2011 Tech Industry Predictions report.Public Cloud Uptake Will Be Driven by Informal BuyersForrester predicts that in 2011, cloud hype from vendors, the media and other sources will continue to exceed actual user adoption, especially among core enterprise IT hardware buyers (which is what Forrester dubs "formal" buyers).Adopters of public cloud services will be from the "informal" buyer camp, which are mostly small and midsize businesses or enterprise users who are outside the core IT operations and transaction teams. These buyers are more likely to follow the IaaS and PaaS models and put all their IT resources (servers, storage) in a cloud environment. The Forrester report also predicts that buyers of SaaS applications will continue to be informal business buyers.In a survey of enterprise and SMB decision makers conducted by Forrester that asks users about their plans to adopt the IaaS cloud model, 16 percent of "informal" buyers said they have implemented an IaaS model already, and 10 percent said they are planning to implement one in the next year.Comparatively, 6 percent of "formal" IT buyers in the survey said they have implemented an IaaS model already and 7 percent said they are planning to implement one in the next year.The IaaS model consists of the pay-for-use hosting of virtual servers by service providers such as Amazon Web Services, Terremark, Savvis or Rackspace, to name a few.Enterprise IT Buyers Will Stay Focused on Virtualization Over CloudAt the high-level enterprise IT organization, a wholesale move to a cloud model is not practical due to the sheer size of the IT environment, as well as the many back-end legacy systems still in use and the compliance regulations to which the company must adhere.Therefore, data center consolidation through server virtualization will remain a higher priority for enterprises than a public or private cloud migration, according to Forrester.Data from the 2010 Forrester survey shows that 80 percent of enterprise decision makers surveyed said that consolidating IT infrastructure through server virtualization is a high priority. In contrast, 29 percent of respondents said that building an internal private cloud operated by IT (not a service provider) is a high priority at their organization and 28 percent said that using a cloud service provider for storage or server consolidation was a high priority.Forrester adds that consolidating enterprise IT transactional workloads and servers through virtualization is the usual precursor to building private, internal cloud systems.New Cloud Offerings Will Increase a Typical Enterprise's Service UsageA new spate of cloud service offering will take root in 2011, according to Forrester, expanding SaaS applications beyond CRM, human resources and procurement technologies, and into business process technologies for tasks like payroll and billing, healthcare claims processing, trade settlements, clinical data management and tech support.This has spawned yet another "aaS" cloud acronym: BPaaS (business process as-a-service).As new cloud services for business process management and other core enterprise functions take hold in 2011 and beyond, Forrester predicts that "enterprises using cloud computing will expand the number of services from one to three today to 10, 20 or more," writes report author and Forrester analyst Christopher Mines."This will create a new challenge of multi-cloud orchestration … for both enterprise IT and cloud vendors." Related Download Sponsor: LG LG Business Solutions New technologies can ease the burden on IT departments while enhancing productivity and satisfaction for the end users they serve. Learn More Infrastructure cloud, Cloud Research, Forrester


text: Nachricht Ihr Name (Pflichtfeld) Ihre E-Mail-Adresse (Pflichtfeld) Betreff Ihre Nachricht According to public information in this site, I authorize the use of my data by Stevenà Srl, only for communications relating to its products and services. The data received will not be sold to third parties and will be treated in compliance with the Privacy Law, D. Decree Law 196/03. I Agree


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The Eternity Cage was the second audio story in the anthology Agents of Chaos, produced by Big Finish Productions. It was written by Andrew Smith and featured John Hurt as the War Doctor and Jacqueline Pearce as Cardinal Ollistra.
Sontarans are the ultimate warriors – so they believe – and the Time War the ultimate conflict. Denied that glory by Skaro and Gallifrey alike, General Fesk of the Eighth Sontaran Battle Fleet employs a dangerous strategy to draw both sides to the planet Rovidia and prove his forces worthy…
Meanwhile, the War Doctor leads a rescue mission, aided by Rovidian street-urchin Kalan. Neither Daleks nor Time Lords expect the Sontarans to be so fearsome a foe, until they uncover the secret of the Eternity Cage.
to be added
- The War Doctor - John Hurt
- Cardinal Ollistra - Jacqueline Pearce
- Heleyna - Honeysuckle Weeks
- Kalan - Josh Bolt
- Fesk/Sontarans - Dan Starkey
- Muren - Andrew French
- Vassarian - Barnaby Edwards
- Dalek Time Strategist/Dalek voices - Nicholas Briggs
to be added
- This story marks the War Doctor's first and as yet only encounter with the Sontarans. Previously, NOTVALID: Strax Field Report: The Doctors had suggested they never met.
- The Dalek Time Strategist and Ollistra mention Narvin sending the Fourth Doctor to avert the creation of the Daleks. (TV: Genesis of the Daleks, AUDIO: Ascension)
- The Sontarans are trying to participate in the Time War. (TV: The Sontaran Stratagem; AUDIO: The Sontaran Ordeal)
External links
- Official The Eternity Cage page at bigfinish.com


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Posted By Will Kenny | On 07th, Feb. 2010 Under Industry News
When the PS3 first came out in 2006, it cost $600, and of that, Sony were losing a good couple of hundred dollars per console. Now, they are losing a little less.
Thanks to decreasing labor costs and better technology, Sony has been able to drive down their losses to a "reasonable" $18 per console. Incredibly, Sony marketers estimate that by 2011 Sony will actually be making a profit from the Playstation.
Everyone give a slow clap for Sony- 3 years after release and still making a loss. It's just a little less.
Contact Us About Us Staff Advertise With Us Privacy Policy Terms of Use Reviews Policy Hooked Gamers Community Policy


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AOL News recently reported about the appearance of crop circle at a Bavarian farmer's field, which has become the latest tourist attraction in Germany. However, the mysterious formation of crops is not only limited to Germany as the same crop circle has appeared in the U.K. There are videos online showing crop circles in England.
In Germany, a man in a hot air balloon spotted first the well-designed crop circle. He spread his sighting and tourists then started to show up in the field to take a look at the amazing work of the unknown.
The owner farmer Christoph Huttner told news media that he did not make the circle himself. However, he dismissed the idea that the circle was paranormal in nature, or it was made by extraterrestrials. He said that it was likely the design by students on summer vacation. His field's crop circle measured 75-feet in diameter.
There were visitors in the field who dance, sing and even did spiritual ceremonies. Some are also apparently trying to get some kind of energy or vibe from the formation by swinging pendulums in a large shape.
Huttner said that he does not know yet up to when he'll leave the design in his field. Up to this writing, the farmer has not charged anything to crop circle visitors.
Meanwhile, Daily Mail reported a large crop circle this month in South West England. The formation is the first this year that appeared near Blandford Forum in Dorset leaving locals baffled as to who did it. It is a 400 feet pattern that covers a wide stretch of the wheat field, composed of geometric lines and circles.
While many think crop circles are made by beings from outer space, some believe that they are made by talented pranksters. It is not yet determined whether crop circles in Germany and England have connections or it is just a coincidence.


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© Robert Yoder – Fotolia.com
|Welcome to our sermons page.
From time to time you may see multiple instances of a sermon title on the same day so it may appear that they have been duplicated on the site. This is not the case. Where one person has preached the same sermon at both locations, only one will be shown, otherwise you can assume that, although the titles are the same, the sermons will, in fact, be different.
When you click on Sermons in the main menu it will list all the sermons we currently have on site. To avoid scrolling through them all you can click on the search categories to tailor your results more effectively. You can click on more than one category to narrow your search even further, for example, you may like to select a certain preacher at, say, the Evening Service.
A Call to Worship (Revelation 19:5-10)Rev. Canon George Rogers, January 21, 2018
Part of the Miscellaneous series, preached at a Sunday Morning - St. John's service
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|Same day:
|« Doubting faith: Great Faith
|Our Father
|Be still »
Revelation 19:5–10 (Listen)
5 And from the throne came a voice saying,
"Praise our God,
all you his servants,
you who fear him,
small and great."
6 Then I heard what seemed to be the voice of a great multitude, like the roar of many waters and like the sound of mighty peals of thunder, crying out,
For the Lord our God
the Almighty reigns.
7 Let us rejoice and exult
and give him the glory,
for the marriage of the Lamb has come,
and his Bride has made herself ready;
8 it was granted her to clothe herself
with fine linen, bright and pure"—
for the fine linen is the righteous deeds of the saints.
9 And the angel said to me, "Write this: Blessed are those who are invited to the marriage supper of the Lamb." And he said to me, "These are the true words of God." 10 Then I fell down at his feet to worship him, but he said to me, "You must not do that! I am a fellow servant with you and your brothers who hold to the testimony of Jesus. Worship God." For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.


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[September 10, 2018] Last week I was at a local college listening to a criminology professor complain about the "epidemic" of police shootings in America.1 A young student asked him what he thought about the Opioid crisis which was responsible for many times more deaths and social ills. The professor said he didn't care about that problem. Frankly, it doesn't take a brain scientist to know that good leaders concentrate on big problems first.
Ultimately this is about leader priorities and we know establishing priorities can be complex and difficult. It is the duty of leaders to deal with issues that are not simple … or everybody could do it and leadership would mean nothing. I was once told that leaders should work to fix problems at their level. It meant that a Lieutenant will never resolve a strategic problem and a General should not try to fix a weapons malfunction.
"People who work together will win, whether it be against complex football defenses, or the problems of modern society." – Vince Lombardi, American football coach
Leadership is about getting people to do things they would not ordinarily do … and do it because they "want" to do it. My favorite football coach, Vince Lombardi, had it absolutely on target in his quote about problems. Leaders not only concentrate on solving complex problems, they do it with a team. Individuals rarely solve large, complex problems so putting together a team and getting them to work a problem and fix it, is the epitome of great leadership.
If you want to learn more about concentrating on big problems, just look at most professional sports teams that are winners. Winning teams have a basic rule about dominating their opponents. They quickly discover their opposing team's most effective tactic being employed and the winning team puts all their effort into stopping it.
There are always leaders who don't want to tackle the big problems. Big problems take a lot of energy and often take a long time to resolve. It's also more "fun" to work on smaller, easily fixable issues. I've witnessed high-ranking military leaders at the Lieutenant level working on junior leader problems. They don't need to be there. It shows a lack of trust in one's subordinates and removes the opportunity for a junior leader to gain valuable experience.
The professor I was listening to missed an opportunity to show that he understood what it means to be a responsible academic. No problem should be put aside and not resolved but his efforts could have gone to more productive use.
- The total number last year was around a thousand. The number of deaths in 2017 attributable to Opioid overdoses was around 72,000.


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Sea life takes hold
The City of Cockburn has received a $78,000 Lotterywest grant to help build the $300,000 Coogee Maritime Trail.
At 230m long and between 1-8m deep, the trail is perfect to snorkel and scuba dive as larger fish species are attracted to the 5m tall reef temple which includes a swim-through section.
It took just a few short months for life to take hold on the 34 underwater sculptures that make up the Trail.
University of Western Australia Biological Science Master's candidate, Matt Hammond (25), spent 12 months studying the reef as part of his marine biology postgraduate studies.
He donned scuba gear to dive on the trail for the first time in May 2016 and after many journeys below, including boat deployments of remote underwater stereo video systems, Matt's observations will now form a baseline for future studies on the reef's colonisation.
The invertebrates Matt observed on the reef structures are similar to those that have called the historic 1858-built Omeo steam ship wreck – the dive trail's centrepiece – home since it was blown ashore in a storm in 1905.
They include colourful creatures popular with recreational divers such as snails, oysters, fan worms, coral, octopus, cuttlefish and colourful nudibranch molluscs.
These animals are the rapid colonisers of the underwater world but as the reef establishes the slower colonisers will take hold transforming the reefscape, encouraging a diversity of fish species to seek shelter in the shallow bay.
Fish species observed at the reef during his study included Australian salmon, juvenile baldchin groper, fan-bellied leatherjacket, dusky and crested morwong, skipjack trevally and flathead.
The Trail includes underwater educational signage, a universally accessible trail along Port Coogee pathways featuring maritime artefacts, fibre reinforced plastic access stairs over the limestone breakwater, and a shipwreck viewing platform.


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Amazing beaches of Rhodes
Transparent pure water of the Mediterranean andAegean seas, wonderful nature, good climatic conditions and hospitality of the staff of hotels and locals attract tourists from all over the world.
Beaches of Rhodes
Calm shallow sea and clean sandybeaches - so you can describe the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. And even if the beach is pebble, then near the hotel is bulk sand. Everything for holidaymakers! The main thing is that here, on the warm sun, the sea, it's great to have a rest with the children. The best season for holidays is from the end of June to the beginning of September. One of the best beaches of the coast is Faliraki, where the shore is covered with golden sand for 5 kilometers. The most visited beach of Rhodes is Lindos. Clean gold sand, shallow sea, clear water - it is better not to think up for bathing kids and resting families.
One of the most beautiful in the Mediterranean Seais considered the beach of the city of Rhodes. In 10 kilometers from it is buried in exotic vegetation among pines and palms beach of Kallithea. Healing springs, spa resorts and thermal baths attract tourists from all over the world. A real paradise under water represents the sea for scuba divers.
Rhodes beaches are different. Some are sandy, quiet and calm, others are pebbly with constant sea excitement, but they attract tourists with their uniqueness, uniqueness of landscapes and the ability to satisfy any requests of modern tourists.