text:
Appetite Suppressants, Sympathomimetic (Systemic)This monograph includes information on the following:
1) Benzphetamine †
2) Diethylpropion
3) Mazindol
4) Phendimetrazine †
5) Phentermine
Benzphetamine †—Benzfetamine
Primary: GA751
Primary: GA751
Primary: GA751
Primary: GA751
Primary: GA751
Note: Controlled substance classification—
Note: Controlled substances in the U.S. and Canada as follows:
|Not available
|Not available
Note: For a listing of dosage forms and brand names by country availability, see Dosage Forms section(s).
†Not commercially available in Canada.
Appetite suppressant—
General considerations
Short-term clinical trials have shown that subjects treated with an appetite suppressant and dietary management instruction lose more weight than subjects treated with a placebo and dietary management instruction {01} {39}. However, the additional weight loss averages less than 0.5 kg (1 pound) per week, and tolerance to the effects of medications in this class usually develops within a few weeks {01} {16}. Rebound weight gain may occur after the medication is discontinued {04} {25}. Also, abuse of and dependence on the appetite suppressant may develop {39}. The limited usefulness of these agents should be measured against risk factors inherent in their use {01} {16}.
Obesity, exogenous (treatment)—Benzphetamine {16}, diethylpropion {08} {25}, mazindol {04}, phendimetrazine {15}, and phentermine {01} {27} are indicated in the short-term (a few weeks) treatment of exogenous obesity in conjunction with a regimen of weight reduction based on caloric restriction, exercise, and behavior modification in patients with a body mass index of ³ 30 kg of body weight per height in meters squared (kg/m 2) or in patients with a body mass index of ³ 27 kg/m 2 in the presence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia {01} {60}.
Physicochemical characteristics:
Chemical group—
Benzphetamine {16}, diethylpropion {08}, phendimetrazine {15}, and phentermine {09} are phenylalkylamines, related to amphetamine both chemically and pharmacologically.
Mazindol is an isoindole with pharmacological effects similar to those of amphetamine {39}.
Molecular weight—
Benzphetamine hydrochloride: 275.82 {05}
Diethylpropion hydrochloride: 241.76 {05}
Mazindol: 284.75 {05}
Phendimetrazine tartrate: 341.36 {05}
Phentermine: 149.24 {05}
Phentermine hydrochloride: 185.70 {05}
Mechanism of action/Effect:
Although the mechanism of action of the sympathomimetic appetite suppressants in the treatment of obesity is not fully known, these medications have pharmacological effects similar to those of amphetamines. Amphetamine and related sympathomimetic medications, except for mazindol, are thought to stimulate the release of norepinephrine and/or dopamine from storage sites in nerve terminals in the lateral hypothalamic feeding center, thereby producing a decrease in appetite {20} {41}. Mazindol is thought to inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine rather than to cause its release {48}. It has not been established that the action of these medications in treating obesity is primarily suppression of appetite {01} {08} {41}; other central nervous system (CNS) actions and/or metabolic effects, such as decreased gastric acid secretion or increased energy expenditure, may be involved {01} {08} {41}. Tolerance to the pharmacological effects of drugs of this class has been shown to develop {01} {08}.
Other actions/effects:
The sympathomimetic appetite suppressants produce CNS stimulation and elevation of blood pressure {01} {08} {39}. The CNS-stimulating effect of mazindol may be less than that of other sympathomimetics {20}.
Hepatic {18}.
Benzphetamine's metabolites include amphetamine and methamphetamine, which may cause positive results in urine screens for amphetamines {46}.
Diethylpropion undergoes complex metabolism, involving N-dealkylation and reduction, to several active metabolites {47}.
Phentermine is not significantly biotransformed {53}; 70 to 80% of a given dose is excreted in the urine unchanged {53}.
Primarily renal {21} {47} {48}; excretion is increased by acidifying the urine {16} {21} {46}.
|Half-life (hr)
|Duration of action (hr)
|6–12 {37}
|4–6 {36}
|6–8 {61}
|-Extended-release Tablets
|10 {04}–13 {57}
|19–24 {38} {57}
|-Capsules (30 mg), Tablets
|(37.5 mg), or Resin Capsules
|12–14 {01} {26}
Precautions to Consider
Cross-sensitivity and/or related problems
Patients sensitive to other sympathomimetics (for example, amphetamines, ephedrine, epinephrine, isoproterenol, metaproterenol, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine, terbutaline) may be sensitive to this medication also {09}.
Studies have not been done {01} {08}.
All sympathomimetic appetite suppressants
Abuse of these medications during pregnancy may result in withdrawal symptoms in the neonate {08}.
Infants of mothers who abused amphetamines (to which sympathomimetic appetite suppressants are pharmacologically similar) during pregnancy have shown clefting, cardiac anomalies, and fetal growth retardation {62}. All of these effects have been demonstrated in animal studies of prenatal amphetamine exposure also {62}. Additional adverse effects seen in infants exposed in utero to amphetamines, such as altered behavior, may be related to environmental factors and/or direct medication effects {16}.
Benzphetamine is contraindicated during pregnancy because it may cause harm to the fetus {16}.
FDA Pregnancy Category X {16}.
Adequate and well-controlled studies in humans have not been done. Studies in rats at doses of up to nine times the human dose have revealed no effect on fertility and no teratogenic effects {08}.
FDA Pregnancy Category B {08}.
Adequate and well-controlled studies in humans have not been done. Studies in rats and rabbits at high doses have shown increases in neonatal mortality and possibly in the incidence of rib anomalies in the rats {39}.
FDA pregnancy category not currently included in product labeling.
Safety in pregnancy has not been established {02}.
FDA pregnancy category not currently included in product labeling.
Studies have not been done in humans or in animals {01}.
FDA Pregnancy Category C {01}.
Diethylpropion {08} and/or its metabolites {08}, and benzphetamine {16} are distributed into breast milk. It is not known if the other appetite suppressants are distributed into breast milk {40}. However, because of the potential for serious adverse effects on the nursing infant, breast-feeding while taking an appetite suppressant is not recommended {01} {40}.
Appetite suppressants are not recommended for use in children up to 16 years of age {60}, because appropriate studies have not been performed in the pediatric population {08}.
No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of the appetite suppressants in geriatric patients.
Appetite suppressants may decrease or inhibit salivary flow, thus contributing to the development of caries, periodontal disease, oral candidiasis, and discomfort.
Agranulocytosis or leukopenia, reported rarely with use of diethylpropion {08}, may result in an increased incidence of microbial infection, delayed healing, and gingival bleeding. If agranulocytosis or leukopenia occurs, dental work should be deferred until blood counts have returned to normal. Patient instruction in proper oral hygiene should include caution in use of regular toothbrushes, dental floss, and toothpicks.
Drug interactions and/or related problems
The following drug interactions and/or related problems have been selected on the basis of their potential clinical significance (possible mechanism in parentheses where appropriate)—not necessarily inclusive (» = major clinical significance):
Acidifiers, urinary, such as:
Ammonium chloride or
Ascorbic acid or
Potassium or sodium phosphates (excretion of appetite suppressant may be increased, leading to decreased serum concentrations {09} {16} {40})
Alcohol (concurrent use with appetite suppressants is not recommended {01} {08} since this may increase the potential for CNS effects such as dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, or confusion)
Alkalizers, urinary, such as:
Antacids, calcium- and/or magnesium-containing or
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors or
Citrates or
Sodium bicarbonate (excretion of appetite suppressant may be decreased, leading to increased serum concentrations {16})
Anesthetics, hydrocarbon inhalation, especially:
» Halothane (halothane, and possibly other inhalation anesthetics, sensitizes the myocardium to the effects of sympathomimetics {13} {14}; cardiac arrhythmias may occur {04} {13} {14}; also, it is theoretically possible for intracellular stores of catecholamines to be depleted by sympathomimetic appetite suppressant use, causing resuscitation efforts to be unsuccessful {59})
» Antidepressants, tricyclic (cardiovascular response to increased norepinephrine plasma concentrations may be exaggerated, leading to hypertension and/or cardiac arrhythmias {27} {51})
Antidiabetic agents, oral or
Insulin (when appetite suppressants and the concurrent dietary regimen are used in the treatment of obesity, blood glucose concentrations may be altered in patients with diabetes mellitus {01} {08}; dosage adjustment of the hypoglycemic agent may be necessary during and after concurrent therapy {01} {08} {39})
Antihypertensives, especially clonidine, guanadrel, guanethidine, methyldopa, or rauwolfia alkaloids (hypotensive effects may be decreased {01} {02} {04})
» Appetite suppressants, other, including amphetamines or
» Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (an increased prevalence of abnormal cardiac valve function, primarily aortic regurgitation, was found on echocardiographic evaluation in patients receiving phentermine in combination with either dexfenfluramine or fenfluramine, both of which act to suppress appetite by increasing serotonergic function {63} {64} {50}; however, an increased prevalence of abnormal cardiac valve function also has been found in patients receiving dexfenfluramine or fenfluramine alone {54} {64} {65}, and the role of phentermine in producing the cardiotoxic effect is uncertain {28}; because of the severity of these cardiovascular effects and because the safety and efficacy of other appetite suppressant combinations have not been established, combined use is not recommended {01}; also, the safety and efficacy of combining an SSRI, which enhances serotonergic function, with a sympathomimetic appetite suppressant have not been established and combined use is not recommended {01})
(restlessness, racing thoughts, stomach cramps, tremor, palpitation, and hyperreflexia were reported in a woman who took 30 mg of phentermine 8 days after discontinuing fluoxetine {11})
» CNS stimulation–producing medications, other (see Appendix II ) or
Thyroid hormones (concurrent use may increase the CNS-stimulant effects of either these medications or the appetite suppressant {02} {04})
» Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, including furazolidone, procarbazine, and selegiline (the sympathomimetic effects of appetite suppressants may be potentiated, possibly resulting in a hypertensive crisis; concurrent use is contraindicated; appetite suppressants should not be administered during or within 14 days following the administration of an MAO inhibitor {01} {02} {39})
Phenothiazines (anorectic effects of the appetite suppressant may be antagonized {08})
» Vasopressors, especially catecholamines (vasopressant effect may be potentiated {04} {08}; if necessary to administer a pressor amine agent to a patient who has recently received an appetite suppressant, initiating pressor therapy in reduced dosage and monitoring blood pressure at frequent intervals are recommended {04} {39})
Laboratory value alterations
The following have been selected on the basis of their potential clinical significance (possible effect in parentheses where appropriate)—not necessarily inclusive (» = major clinical significance):
With diagnostic test results
Urine screen for amphetamines (the use of a sympathomimetic appetite suppressant may produce a positive result {60})
Medical considerations/Contraindications
The medical considerations/contraindications included have been selected on the basis of their potential clinical significance (reasons given in parentheses where appropriate)— not necessarily inclusive (» = major clinical significance).
Except under special circumstances, this medication should not be used when the following medical problems exist:
» Agitated states{08}{09}{39} or
» Arteriosclerosis, advanced{02}{08}{09} or
» Cardiovascular disease, symptomatic, including arrhythmias{02}{09}{39} or
» Cerebral ischemia{04} or
» Glaucoma{08}{09}{39} or
» Hypertension, moderate to severe{02}{09}{15} or
» Hyperthyroidism{02}{08}{09} or
» Psychosis, especially schizophrenia{04}{60} (condition may be exacerbated)
» Alcoholism, active or in remission{60} or
» Drug abuse or dependence, or history of{08}{09}{39} (dependence on appetite suppressants may be more likely to develop)
» Uremia{04} (excretion of appetite suppressant may be altered)
Risk-benefit should be considered when the following medical problems exist
Affective illness, or family history of or
Psychosis, family history of (mental depression {19} {44} or psychosis {42} {44} may be more likely to occur)
Diabetes mellitus (use of appetite suppressants and concomitant dietary restrictions may change the amount of insulin or oral antidiabetic agents needed {01} {02} {39})
Epilepsy (diethylpropion may increase the number of seizures in patients with epilepsy {08}; careful monitoring is recommended {08})
» Hypertension, mild{01}{02}{39} (condition may be exacerbated)
» Sensitivity to appetite suppressants or other sympathomimetics{01}{04}
Patient monitoring
The following may be especially important in patient monitoring (other tests may be warranted in some patients, depending on condition; » = major clinical significance):
» Cardiac evaluations (recommended to detect cardiopulmonary disease in patients who are receiving appetite suppressants in combination or for long-term treatment {31}; heart murmur usually is detectable before more severe symptoms of valvular heart disease develop {31})
Side/Adverse Effects
Note: An epidemiologic study found an increased risk of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) in patients who had used anorexigenic medications within the previous year or for a duration of more than 3 months {33}. Most cases of PPH occurred in patients who had used the serotonin-releasing agents fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine, which are no longer available for clinical use {33}. There have been rare cases of PPH reported in patients who had used sympathomimetic appetite suppressants only {33} {55} {58}; however, the role of these medications in the development of PPH is unclear {33}. The risk in the general population of developing PPH is about one to two cases per million persons per year {33}, and the risk associated with obesity is about twofold higher {15} {25}. This condition has a 4-year survival rate of about 55% {32}.
Abnormalities in the mitral, aortic, and/or tricuspid valves that resemble those seen in carcinoid syndrome or ergotamine toxicity {31} have been reported in patients receiving the combination of phentermine and fenfluramine for 1 to 28 months {31}. Heart murmur was usually detectable before more severe symptoms developed {31}. There have been rare reports of valvular heart disease in patients receiving phentermine monotherapy {01} and in patients with a history of appetite suppressant use who were receiving phendimetrazine monotherapy when diagnosed {49}.
Although both PPH {33} and cardiac-valve disease {56} have been reported primarily with the use of fenfluramine, dexfenfluramine, or combinations that included one of these two medications, the possibility that these conditions may occur with the use of sympathomimetic appetite suppressants should be considered {60}. Appetite suppressant treatment should be discontinued in any patient who develops unexplained dyspnea, angina pectoris, syncope, or lower extremity edema {32}. These patients should be evaluated for pulmonary hypertension {32} and valvular heart disease {29}.
The following side/adverse effects have been selected on the basis of their potential clinical significance (possible signs and symptoms in parentheses where appropriate)—not necessarily inclusive:
Those indicating need for medical attention
Incidence more frequent
Elevated blood pressure{01}{02}{08}
Incidence less frequent or rare
Agranulocytosis or leukopenia{08} (sore throat and fever; unusual bleeding or bruising)—with diethylpropion{08}
allergic reaction{01}{08} (skin rash or hives)
cardiomyopathy{45} or valvular heart disease{01}{15} (decreased ability to exercise; swelling of feet or lower legs; trouble in breathing)—may be asymptomatic
cerebral ischemia or stroke{43} (headache, severe; numbness, especially on one side of the face or body)
dysuria{02}{08}{40} (difficult or painful urination)
mania{44} (talking, feeling, and acting with excitement and activity you cannot control)
mental depression{08}{19}{24}
palpitation{01}{08}{39} (fast or irregular heartbeat)
primary pulmonary hypertension{01}{32}{33} (chest pain; decreased ability to exercise; fainting; swelling of feet or lower legs; trouble in breathing)
psychosis{08}{42}{44} (feeling that others can hear your thoughts; feeling that others are watching you or controlling your behavior; feeling, seeing, or hearing things that are not there)—may be more likely to occur in patients with a family history of affective illness{19} or psychosis{42}
Those indicating need for medical attention only if they continue or are bothersome
Incidence more frequent
CNS stimulation{01}{08}{39} (false sense of well-being or mild euphoria; irritability; nervousness or restlessness; trembling or shaking; trouble in sleeping)—may be followed by drowsiness, fatigue, or mental depression{27}
dizziness or lightheadedness{08}{40}{41}
dryness of mouth{08}{39}{41}
nausea or vomiting{08}{39}{41}
stomach cramps or pain{02}{41}
Incidence less frequent or rare
Blurred vision{02}{08}{40}
changes in libido{01}{08}{39} (changes in sexual desire)
impotence{01}{08} (decreased sexual ability)
increased sweating{08}{39}
polyuria or urinary frequency{02}{08} (frequent urge to urinate or increased urination)
unpleasant taste{01}{08}{39}
Those indicating possible abuse and/or the need for medical attention
Dermatoses, severe{01}{08} (skin disease)
insomnia, severe{01}{08} (trouble in sleeping)
irritability, severe{01}{08}
personality changes{01}{08}
psychosis{01}{02}{08} —often indistinguishable from schizophrenia{01}{02}{08}
Those indicating possible withdrawal and/or the need for medical attention if they occur after medication is discontinued
Fatigue, severe{01}{02}{08} (extreme tiredness or weakness)
mental depression{01}{02}{08}
nausea or vomiting
stomach cramps or pain
trouble in sleeping or nightmares{18}
For specific information on the agents used in the management of appetite suppressant overdose, see:
• Barbiturates (Systemic) monograph;
• Beta-adrenergic Blocking Agents monograph;
• Charcoal, Activated (Oral-Local) monograph;
• Diazepam in Benzodiazepines (Systemic) monograph;
• Lidocaine (Systemic) monograph;
• Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (Systemic) monograph;
• Nitrates (Systemic) monograph;
• Phentolamine (Systemic) monograph; and/or
• Phenytoin in Anticonvulsants, Hydantoin (Systemic) monograph.
For more information on the management of overdose or unintentional ingestion, contact a Poison Control Center (see Poison Control Center Listing ).
Clinical effects of overdose
The following effects have been selected on the basis of their potential clinical significance (possible signs and symptoms in parentheses where appropriate)—not necessarily inclusive:
Cardiovascular effects
including arrhythmias {01} {08}
irregular blood pressure {01} {08}
or circulatory collapse {01} {08} (dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting; irregular heartbeat)
CNS effects
including confusion {01} {08} {16}
hallucinations {01} {08} ( seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there), hostility with assaultiveness {01} {08} {10}
panic state {01} {08}
or restlessness {01} {08} —CNS excitement is usually followed by fatigue and depression {01} {02} {08}
convulsions {24} and coma {02} {24} —seen in most cases of fatal overdose {01} {16}
fast breathing {08} {16}
gastrointestinal effects
including abdominal or stomach cramps {01} {08}
diarrhea {01} {08}
nausea {01} {08}
or vomiting {01} {08}
hyperreflexia {01} {08} (overactive reflexes)
hyperthermia {52} (fever)
tremor {01} {08} (trembling or shaking)
Treatment of overdose
There is no specific antidote for overdosage with appetite suppressants; treatment is symptomatic and supportive {01} {16} {52}.
To decrease absorption:
Induction of emesis {04} {40} and/or use of gastric lavage {01} {08} {40} followed by the administration of activated charcoal {04}.
To enhance elimination:
Acidification of urine {01} {40} and forced diuresis {40}, with serum electrolyte evaluations during prolonged diuresis {40}.
Specific treatment:
Barbiturate sedatives {01} {08} or diazepam {52} sometimes used to control excessive CNS stimulation.
Intravenous diazepam to control seizures {52}; phenytoin to control seizures that are refractory to diazepam {52}. When hyperthermia and rhabdomyolysis are present, curarization may be required {52}.
Intravenous phentolamine {01} {08} or nitrates {23}, if necessary, to control acute, severe hypertension.
Intravenous lidocaine for cardiac arrhythmias {04}.
Beta-adrenergic blocking agent for control of tachycardia {52}.
Monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory functions and body temperature {52}.
Supportive care:
Intravenous fluids for hypotension control {52}.
Mechanical respiration, when necessary.
Protection of patient from self-injury {52} by use of restraints if necessary.
Patients in whom intentional overdose is confirmed or suspected should be referred for psychiatric consultation.
Note: The efficacy of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of appetite suppressant overdose is uncertain {01} {08} {39}.
Patient Consultation
As an aid to patient consultation, refer to Advice for the Patient, Appetite Suppressants, Sympathomimetic (Systemic) .
In providing consultation, consider emphasizing the following selected information (» = major clinical significance):
Before using this medication
» Conditions affecting use, especially:
Sensitivity to appetite suppressants or other sympathomimetics
Pregnancy—Abuse of medication during pregnancy may lead to withdrawal symptoms in the neonate; abuse of amphetamines during pregnancy can lead to clefting defects, cardiac anomalies, and fetal growth deficits; benzphetamine is contraindicated (FDA Category X) in pregnancy
Breast-feeding—Benzphetamine and diethylpropion are distributed into breast milk; other appetite suppressants may be distributed into breast milk
Use in children—Not recommended for appetite suppression in children up to 16 years of age
Contraindicated medications
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors
Other medications, especially other appetite suppressants, other CNS stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, or vasopressors
Other medical problems, especially agitated states, alcoholism, advanced arteriosclerosis, symptomatic cardiovascular disease including arrhythmias, cerebral ischemia, history of drug abuse or dependence, glaucoma, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, psychosis, or uremia
Proper use of this medication
Timing last dose of day to minimize insomnia
For dosage forms and strengths that allow once-a-day dosing, taking the dose about 10 to 14 hours before bedtime {07}
For dosage forms and strengths that require more than one dose per day to be taken, taking the last dose of the day at least 4 to 6 hours before bedtime
For extended-release dosage forms—Swallowing whole; not breaking, crushing, or chewing
For mazindol—Taking with food if stomach upset occurs
» Not taking more medication than the amount prescribed, because of increased incidence of side effects and habit-forming potential
» Proper dosing
Missed dose: Skipping missed dose and returning to regular dosing schedule; not doubling doses
» Proper storage
Precautions while using this medication
Regular visits to physician to check progress during therapy and to check for adverse effects
» Not increasing dose if medication is not effective after a few weeks; checking with physician
» Not taking appetite suppressant with or less than 14 days after taking an MAO inhibitor
Possible positive result in urine screen for amphetamines
Possible dryness of mouth; using sugarless candy or gum, ice, or saliva substitute for relief; checking with physician or dentist if dry mouth continues for more than 2 weeks
» Caution if dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness, or elated mood or euphoria occurs; not driving or using machines or doing other things that require alertness until effects of medication are known
» Caution if any kind of surgery, dental treatment, or emergency treatment is required, because of possible interaction with medications used in these situations
» Reporting chest pain, decreased exercise tolerance, fainting, swelling of feet or lower legs, or trouble in breathing to physician immediately
» Suspected physical or psychological dependence: Checking with physician
Diabetic patients: Insulin or oral antidiabetic–agent requirements may be altered; checking with physician
» Checking with physician before discontinuing medication after prolonged or high-dose therapy; gradual dosage reduction may be necessary to avoid withdrawal symptoms
Side/adverse effects
Symptoms of potential side effects, especially elevated blood pressure, agranulocytosis or leukopenia (with diethylpropion), allergic reaction, cardiomyopathy or valvular heart disease, cerebral ischemia or stroke, dysuria, mania, mental depression, palpitation, primary pulmonary hypertension or psychosis
Effects of abuse, including severe dermatoses, hyperactivity, severe insomnia, severe irritability, personality changes, or psychosis
Possibility of withdrawal symptoms
General Dosing Information
The dosing of appetite suppressants should be individualized to obtain an adequate response with the lowest effective dosage {15} {39}.
To reduce the possibility of insomnia caused by sympathomimetic appetite suppressants, the last dose of the regular dosage form for each day should be taken approximately 4 to 6 hours before bedtime and the daily dose of the extended-release or long-acting dosage form should be taken approximately 10 to 14 hours before bedtime {07}.
Sympathomimetic appetite suppressants are recommended for short-term use only {01} {39}. Tolerance to the anorectic effect may develop in a few weeks {01} {39}.
If tolerance to the anorectic effect develops, the medication should be discontinued {16}. The dosage should not be increased in an attempt to increase the effect {01} {39}.
Patients should report decreased exercise tolerance to physician immediately, as this may be an early symptom of primary pulmonary hypertension {32} or a symptom of valvular heart disease {31}. Also, any chest pain, fainting, swelling of feet or lower legs, or trouble in breathing should be reported to physician immediately, and appetite suppressant treatment should be discontinued {32}.
Prolonged use, especially of larger-than-usual therapeutic doses, may result in psychological or physical dependence {01} {39}.
When the medication is to be discontinued following prolonged or high-dose administration, the dosage should be reduced gradually in order to avoid the possibility of a rebound increase in appetite {12} and to minimize withdrawal symptoms {25}.
Appetite suppressants are meant to be used in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet as well as an exercise program and behavior modification. Changes in eating and activity behaviors must be long-term in order to maintain weight loss {60}.
Summary of Differences
Biotransformation—Metabolites include amphetamine and methamphetamine.
Pregnancy/reproduction—FDA Pregnancy Category X.
Oral Dosage Forms
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, initially, 25 to 50 mg once per day in midmorning or midafternoon, depending on the patient's eating habits; the dosage may be increased, as needed and tolerated, to 25 to 50 mg one to three times per day {16}.
Usual adult prescribing limits
150 mg per day {37}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {16}.
Strength(s) usually available
50 mg (Rx) [Didrex (scored) (lactose) (sorbitol){16}]
Not commercially available.
Packaging and storage:
Store between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), in a tight container, unless otherwise specified by manufacturer.
Note: Controlled substance in the U.S.
Summary of Differences
Medical considerations/contraindications—Caution also needed in epilepsy.
Side/adverse effects:
Agranulocytosis or leukopenia has occurred rarely.
Oral Dosage Forms
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, 25 mg three times per day, one hour before meals {08} {25}. One dose may be taken in mid-evening, if desired, to overcome night hunger {08}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {08} {25}.
Strength(s) usually available
25 mg (Rx) [Tenuate (lactose){08}][Generic]
25 mg (Rx) [Tenuate (lactose){25}]
Packaging and storage:
Store below 40 °C (104 °F), preferably between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Store in a well-closed container.
Note: Controlled substance in both the U.S. and Canada.
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, 75 mg once per day at mid-morning {08} {25}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {08} {25}.
Strength(s) usually available
75 mg (Rx) [Tenuate Dospan{08}] [Tepanil Ten-Tab][Generic]
75 mg (Rx) [Tenuate Dospan{25}]
Packaging and storage:
Store below 40 °C (104 °F), preferably between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), in a well-closed container, unless otherwise specified by manufacturer.
Auxiliary labeling:
• Swallow tablets whole.
Note: Controlled substance in both the U.S. and Canada.
Summary of Differences
Chemical group—Isoindole.
Mechanism of action/effect—Inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine rather than causing its release.
Other actions/effects—May have less CNS-stimulating effect than other sympathomimetics.
Oral Dosage Forms
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, initially, 1 mg once per day, the dosage being increased as needed and tolerated {39} {40}; usual dosage is 1 mg three times per day one hour before meals {04}, or 2 mg once per day one hour before lunch {39}.
Note: Doses may be taken with meals to prevent stomach upset {04} {39}.
Usual adult prescribing limits
3 mg per day {40}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {04} {39}.
Strength(s) usually available
1 mg (Rx) [Mazanor (scored) (lactose){39}] [Sanorex (lactose){40}]
2 mg (Rx) [Sanorex (scored) (lactose){40}]
1 mg (Rx) [Sanorex (corn starch) (lactose) (tartrazine){04}]
2 mg (Rx) [Sanorex (scored) (corn starch) (lactose) (tartrazine){04}]
Packaging and storage:
Store below 25 °C (77 °F), unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Store in a tight container.
Note: Controlled substance in the U.S.
Oral Dosage Forms
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, 105 mg once per day, thirty to sixty minutes before the morning meal {21}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {21}.
Strength(s) usually available
105 mg (Rx) [Adipost{22}] [Bontril Slow-Release{21}] [Melfiat{22}] [Phendiet-105{22}] [Prelu-2{22}] [PT 105{22}][Generic]
Not commercially available.
Packaging and storage:
Store below 40 °C (104 °F), preferably between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), in a well-closed container, unless otherwise specified by manufacturer.
Auxiliary labeling:
• Swallow capsules whole.
Note: Controlled substance in the U.S.
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, 17.5 to 35 mg two or three times per day one hour before meals {02} {15} {23}.
Usual adult prescribing limits
70 mg three times per day (210 mg per day) {02} {15} {23}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {23}.
Strength(s) usually available
35 mg (Rx) [Bontril PDM (scored){23}] [Obezine{22}] [Phendiet{22}] [Plegine (scored) (lactose){15}][Generic] (may be single- or double-scored{02})
Not commercially available.
Packaging and storage:
Store below 40 °C (104 °F), preferably between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Store in a well-closed container.
Note: Controlled substance in the U.S.
Oral Dosage Forms
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, 15 to 37.5 mg once per day before breakfast {24} or one to two hours after breakfast {01} {24} {26}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {26}.
Strength(s) usually available
15 mg (Rx)[Generic]
18.75 mg (Rx) [Phentercot{22}] [Pro-Fast (parabens){55}][Generic]
30 mg (Rx) [Fastin (sucrose){01}] [Phentercot{22}] [Phentride{22}] [Teramine{22}] [Zantryl{22}][Generic]
37.5 mg (Rx) [Adipex-P{24}] [Obenix{22}] [Phentercot{22}] [Pro-Fast (FD&C Yellow #5 [tartrazine]) (parabens){55}][Generic]
Not commercially available.
Packaging and storage:
Store below 40 °C (104 °F), preferably between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Store in a tight container.
Note: Controlled substance in both the U.S. and Canada.
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, 15 to 37.5 mg per day, as a single dose before breakfast or one to two hours after breakfast {24}, or in two {24} or three divided doses one half hour before meals {09}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {26}.
Strength(s) usually available
8 mg (Rx) [Phentercot{22}] [Teramine{22}][Generic] (may be scored){09}
37.5 mg (Rx) [Adipex-P (scored){24}] [Phentercot{22}][Generic]
Not commercially available.
Packaging and storage:
Store below 40 °C (104 °F), preferably between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Store in a tight container.
Note: Controlled substance in the U.S.
Usual adult dose
Appetite suppressant
Oral, 15 or 30 mg once per day before breakfast {07} {27}.
Usual pediatric dose
Children up to 16 years of age—Use is not recommended {27}.
Strength(s) usually available
15 mg (Rx) [Ionamin (lactose){07}]
30 mg (Rx) [Ionamin (lactose){07}]
15 mg (Rx) [Ionamin (lactose){27}]
30 mg (Rx) [Ionamin (lactose){27}]
Packaging and storage:
Store between 15 and 30 °C (59 and 86 °F), in a tight container, unless otherwise specified by manufacturer.
Auxiliary labeling:
• Swallow capsules whole.
• Take in the morning.
Note: Controlled substance in both the U.S. and Canada.
Revised: 04/26/1999
- Phentermine hydrochloride capsules package insert (Fastin, SmithKline Beecham—US), Rev 3/98, Rec 7/98.
- Phendimetrazine tartrate tablets package insert (Camall—US), Rev 8/94, Rec 9/98.
- Manufacturer comment, 1987.
- Mazindol product monograph (Sanorex, Novartis—Canada). In: Gillis MC, editor. CPS Compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties. 33rd ed. Ottawa: Canadian Pharmacists Association; 1998. p. 1507-8.
- Canada JR, editor. USP dictionary of USAN and international drug names 1998. Rockville, MD: The United States Pharmacopeial Convention Inc; 1997. p. 90, 234, 440, 566, 569.
- Panel comment.
- Phentermine resin package insert (Ionamin Capsules, Medeva—US), Rev 2/97, Rec 9/98.
- Diethylpropion hydrochloride package insert (Tenuate and Tenuate Dospan, Merrell Pharmaceuticals—US), Rev 2/96, Rec 9/98.
- Phentermine hydrochloride package insert (Camall—US), Rev 11/97, Rec 9/98.
- Manufacturer comment, 5/89.
- Bostwick JM, Brown TM. A toxic reaction from combining fluoxetine and phentermine [letter]. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996; 16(2): 189-90.
- Reviewer comment, 4/89.
- Halothane package insert (Fluothane, Ayerst Laboratories—US), Rev 1/91, Rec 6/91.
- Bennett JA, Eltringham RJ. Possible dangers of anaesthesia in patients receiving fenfluramine. Anaesthesia 1977; 32: 8-13.
- Phendimetrazine tartrate tablets package insert (Plegine, Wyeth-Ayerst—US), Rev 1/98, Rec 9/98.
- Benzphetamine package insert (Didrex, Upjohn—US), Rev 1/98, Rec 12/98.
- Bray GA. Current status of drug therapy in obesity. In: Morgan JP, Kagan DV, Brody JS, editors. Phenylpropanolamine: risks, benefits, and controversies. New York: Praeger Publishers; 1985. p. 104-5.
- Diethylpropion package insert (Tepanil, Riker—US), Rev 9/85, Rec 6/87.
- Rihmer Z, Révai K, Arató M, et al. Two case reports of mazindol-induced depression [letter]. Am J Psychiatry 1984; 141(11): 1497-8.
- Gilman AG, Hardman JG, Limbird LE, et al, editors. Goodman & Gilman's: the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 9th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1996. p. 219-24.
- Phendimetrazine tartrate slow-release capsules package insert (Bontril, Carnrick—US), Rev 2/98, Rec 9/98.
- Cardinale V, editor. 1998 Drug topics red book. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 1998.
- Phendimetrazine tartrate tablets package insert (Bontril PDM, Carnrick—US), Rev 7/97, Rec 9/98.
- Phentermine hydrochloride package insert (Adipex-P, Gate—US), Rev 8/98, Rec 9/98.
- Diethylpropion hydrochloride product monograph (Tenuate, Tenuate Dosepan; Hoechst Marion Roussel—Canada). In: Gillis MC, editor. CPS Compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties. 33rd ed. Ottawa: Canadian Pharmacists Association; 1998. p. 1655.
- Phentermine hydrochloride product monograph (Fastin, SmithKline Beecham—Canada). In: Gillis MC, editor. CPS Compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties. 33rd ed. Ottawa: Canadian Pharmacists Association; 1998. p. 607.
- Phentermine resin complex product monograph (Ionamin, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer—Canada). In: Gillis MC, editor. CPS Compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties. 33rd ed. Ottawa: Canadian Pharmacists Association; 1998. p. 798-9.
- Panel comment, 1/18/99.
- Questions and answers about withdrawal of fenfluramine (Pondimin) and dexfenfluramine (Redux). 1997 Sep 15. Available from: URL: http://www.fda.gov/cder/news/fenphenqa2.htm
- FDA announces withdrawal of fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine (Fen-Phen). 1997 Sep 15. Available from: URL: http://www.fda.gov/cder/news/fenphenpr81597.htm
- Food and Drug Administration. FDA public health advisory: reports of valvular heart disease in patients receiving concomitant fenfluramine and phentermine. 1997 Jul 8.
- Fenfluramine package insert (Pondimin, AH Robins—US), Rev 4/97.
- Abenhaim L, Moride Y, Brenot F, et al. Appetite-suppressant drugs and the risk of primary pulmonary hypertension. N Engl J Med 1996 Aug 29; 335(9): 609-16.
- Manufacturer comment, 3/91.
- Manufacturer comment, 3/91.
- Manufacturer comment, 3/91.
- Manufacturer comment, 3/91.
- Weintraub M, Bray GA. Drug treatment of obesity. Med Clin North Am 1989 Jan; 73(1): 237-49.
- Mazindol package insert (Mazanor, Wyeth Laboratories—US), Rev 3/94, Rec 9/98.
- Mazindol package insert (Sanorex, Sandoz—US), Rev 4/96, Rec 9/98.
- Inoue S, Egawa M, Satoh S, et al. Clinical and basic aspects of an anorexiant, mazindol, as an antiobesity agent in Japan. Am J Clin Nutr 1992; 55: 199S-202S.
- Cleare AJ. Phentermine, psychosis, and family history [letter]. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996; 16(6): 470-1.
- Kokkinos J, Levine SR. Possible association of ischemic stroke with phentermine. Stroke 1993; 24(2): 310-3.
- Carney MWP. Diethylpropion and psychosis. Clin Neuropharmacol 1988; 11(2): 183-8.
- Rostagno C, Caciolli S, Felici M, et al. Dilated cardiomyopathy associated with chronic consumption of phendimetrazine. Am Heart J 1996; 131(2): 408-9.
- Inoue T, Suzuki S. The metabolism of 1-phenyl-2-( N-methyl- N-benzylamino)propane (benzphetamine) and 1-phenyl-2-( N-methyl- N-furfurylamino)propane (furfenorex) in man. Xenobiotica 1986; 16(7): 691-8.
- Beckett AH, Stanojcic M. Re-evaluation of the metabolism and excretion of diethylpropion in non-sustained and sustained release formulations. J Pharm Pharmacol 1987; 39: 409-15.
- Dugger HA, Heider JG. Biotransformation of mazindol II: absorption and excretion in the dog and man. Drug Metab Dispos 1979; 7(3): 129-31.
- Dear Doctor letter 6/26/98, Wyeth-Ayerst.
- Cannistra LB, Davis SM, Bauman AG. Valvular heart disease associated with dexfenfluramine [letter]. N Engl J Med 1997 Aug 28; 337(9): 636.
- Jastak JT, Yagiela JA. Vasoconstrictors and local anesthesia: a review and rationale for use. J Am Dent 1983; 107: 623-30.
- Ellenhorn MJ, Schonwald S, Ordog G, et al. Ellenhorn's medical toxicology: diagnosis and treatment of human poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1997. p. 349.
- Beckett AH, Brookes LG. The metabolism and urinary excretion in man of phentermine, and the influence of N-methyl and p-chloro-substitution. J Pharm Pharmacol 1971 Apr; 23(4): 288-94.
- Weissman NJ, Tighe JF, Gottdiener JS, et al. An assessment of heart-valve abnormalities in obese patients taking dexfenfluramine, sustained-release dexfenfluramine, or placebo. N Engl J Med 1998; 339(11): 725-32.
- Phentermine hydrochloride package insert (Pro-Fast, Camall—US), Rev 2/98, Rec 9/98.
- Jick H, Vasilakis C, Weinrauch LA, et al. A population-based study of appetite-suppressant drugs and the risk of cardiac-valve regurgitation. N Engl J Med 1998; 339(11): 719-24.
- Bray GA. Drug treatment of obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 1992; 55: 538S-544S.
- Nall KC, Rubin LJ, Lipskind S, et al. Reversible pulmonary hypertension associated with anorexigen use. Am J Med 1991 Jul; 91: 97-9.
- Panel comment, 7/96.
- Reviewers' responses to monograph revision of 4/99.
- Manufacturer comment, 2/25/99.
- Plessinger MA. Prenatal exposure to amphetamines: risks and adverse outcomes in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1998 Mar; 25(1): 119-38.
- Connolly HM, Crary JL, McGoon MD, et al. Valvular heart disease associated with fenfluramine-phentermine. N Engl J Med 1997 Aug 28; 337(9): 581-8.
- Graham DJ, Green L. Further cases of valvular heart disease associated with fenfluramine-phentermine [letter]. N Engl J Med 1997 Aug 28; 337(9): 635.
- Khan MA, Herzog CA, St. Peter JV, et al. The prevalence of cardiac valvular insufficiency assessed by transthoracic echocardiography in obese patients treated with appetite-suppressant drugs. N Engl J Med 1998 Sep 10; 339(11): 713-8.
Further information
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text:
|Biosequences .. Software .. Molbio soft .. Network News .. FTP
Lecture Position at The School of Plant Science, University of Tasmania. The School of Plant Science at the University of Tasmania is seeking to appoint an innovative and energetic person to undertake teaching and research in some discipline of plant science. The appointee will hold a PhD in Plant Science, preferably in a field complementary to existing strengths within the School and will possess a well-established research publication record. An ability to undertake collaborative research within the School of Plant Science or the Co-operative Research Centre for Sustainable Production Forestry in the University of Tasmania's theme areas of Natural Environment and Wilderness or National and State Development is desirable. The appointee will be expected to teach classes at all undergraduate levels in areas relating to their specific expertise and will require a commitment to teaching excellence and innovation. The position will be offered on a tenurable full-time basis and the commencing salary for this position will be within the range of $49,262 - $58,083 per annum (Level B). The University offers excellent employment conditions and a pleasant work environment. For further information about the position please contact Professor JB Reid on (03) 6226 2604 fax (03) 6226 2698, or email Jim.Reid at utas.edu.au A Job Application Package for this position can be accessed and downloaded from the Human Resources website at the following address: http://www.admin.utas.edu.au/hr/jobs If you are unable to access this website and would like a Job Application Package mailed or faxed to you, please contact Tania Braslin on (03) 6226 2013 or (03) 6324 3587, fax (03) 6226 2751 or email Tania.Braslin at utas.edu.au The closing date for us to receive your application is 13 November 2000. WE ARE AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER AND WE OFFER A SMOKEFREE WORKPLACE The University's website is http://info.utas.edu.au/ ____________________________________________________________________ Dr Anthony Koutoulis Cell Biology Group School of Plant Science The University of Tasmania GPO Box 252-55 Hobart TAS 7001 Australia Anthony.Koutoulis at utas.edu.au Tel (Int) : +61 3 62262737 Tel (Aus) : 03 62262737 Fax (Int) : +61 3 62262698 Fax (Aus) : 03 62262698 ---

subset: commoncrawl


text:
SwiftKey users in India, here is some good news for you. Yesterday, a new update was rolled out to SwiftKey that brought with it support for 9 new languages, a new theme and some bug-fixes.
The list of nine new supported languages include Hindi and Hinglish, along with Armenian, Azerbaijani, Georgian, Irish, Macedonian, Spanish (Latin America), and Tagalog. Adding support for Hindi and Hinglish languages has been one of the most requested feature in SwiftKey's user voice, so it is nice to finally see the developers adding support for these languages.
If you still don't own SwiftKey, now might just be the time to do so. With this update, and to celebrate the holiday season, the developers have reduced the price of SwiftKey from its usual $1.99 to only $0.99 for the phone as well as the tablet version. With SwiftKey Flow coming as an upgrade to Swiftkey 3 sometime in the future, it might just be a good option to buy the app now at its reduced price.


text:
Lou Dobbs described a Pew Research study that found an increase in female breadwinners as full of "concerning and troubling statistics." Dobbs said the study was suggestive of "society dissolv[ing] around us."
On the June 20 edition of Fox News' Hannity, frequent Fox guest and conservative radio host Bill Cunningham shouted down Fox contributor Tamara Holder during a debate saying, "You shut up. Know your role and shut your mouth" and asking if she was "going to cry"
On the November 18 edition of Fox Business' Varney & Co, host Stuart Varney wondered, "Is there something about the female brain that is a deterrent for getting on board with tech?"
On his radio show, Rush Limbaugh offered his "suggestion" to avoid being accused of sexual harassment: "You walk up to the woman and say, 'Will you please ask your breasts to stop staring at my eyes?'"
WSJ's Taranto Says Of Alleged Domestic Assault: George Zimmerman Simply "Guilty Of Being Male." After George Zimmerman allegedly threatened his estranged wife with violence, James Taranto tweeted that Zimmerman was "guilty of being male":
And so on and so on. Horrible.
Thanks to the researchers Emily Arrowood, Olivia Kittel, Olivia Marshall, & Samantha Wyatt at MediaMatters.


text:
The Sounds and Flavors of the South
- By Kristin Kent
Anticipation swelled as eight master musicians took the stage in a New Orleans jazz venue. Surrounded by soulful tunes, I reflected on the once-in-a-lifetime moments I had experienced over the past nine days: I belted a song (badly) into Johnny Cash's microphone and dined with Elvis Presley's best boyhood friend. On Insight Vacations' "Southern Grace" Luxury Gold journey through Nashville, Memphis, Natchez and New Orleans, I stepped into the lives of legends for an unparalleled perspective of the sounds and flavors of the American South.
Insight Vacations' Luxury Gold itineraries are like no other escorted tour I have ever experienced. From the onset of the "Southern Grace" journey, we were transported to VIP events and granted private access to once-in-a-lifetime experiences. Each day was seamless with swift transportation on a spacious, Wi-Fi-equipped motor coach and prompt baggage handling. Stays in legendary hotels such as Nashville's Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center and Hotel Monteleone in New Orleans ensured unforgettable memories of the American South from beginning to end.


text:
Santa's Ladder
"Maybe it was just as well (the show was cancelled) because, retrospectively, we had a halo…"
–Creator Leonard Stern
On Christmas Eve 1961, builders were in a hurry with their remodeling of a house. Eager to leave and go enjoy the holiday with their families, the workers quickly ended their various projects for the day. One of those projects was the finishing of a new fireplace, complete with built-in brick chimney. But in their haste, the construction crew neglected to remove the eight-foot ladder they'd used to help build the fixture from the inside of the fireplace. They just bricked up the hearth and left.
They'd likely forgotten all about the ladder. A generous person would say that, perhaps, the crew wanted to make it easier for Santa to make it down from the roof. Either way, television producer Leonard Stern got a gift.
You see, it was Stern's house, and after he got over his amazement at the discovery of the apparent builder ineptness, he immediately decided the misadventures of a pair of construction workers would make a terrific television comedy. The result was seen the next fall on ABC, in the form of I'm Dickens, He's Fenster.
Starring John Astin and Marty Ingels, the series followed the wild and wacky co-workers (and best friends), both on the job and at home. Harry Dickens (Astin) was the more level-headed of the pair, but would sometimes get a bit distracted by his problems and concerns. The freewheeling Arch Fenster (Ingels) was always dating a new young lady, but was just enough of a bumbler for his efforts (both at work and in his love life) to be unsuccessful.
Of course, since this is television, "unsuccessful" isn't sad. It's funny.
The comedy was light, practically slapstick at times, with the setting of a home in the midst of reconstruction resulting in a gold mine of physical comedy. And with the nervous Harry Dickens, playing the straight man to the oddities of his buddy Arch Fenster, pratfalls ensued.
Watching all this was Harry's wife, Kate (Emmaline Henry). Loving and supportive, she was usually the voice of reason for her husband and his best friend, encouraging the best in both of them. Kate was wise enough to know their faults, and yet strong enough to weather whatever disaster might loom while "the guys" tried their best to make things work, especially around the Dickens' home. Between faucets gushing and cabinets with magnets strong enough to make pots fly across the kitchen, Kate's patience was tested continually. But if she wasn't patient, we wouldn't have had so much fun watching things go hilariously wrong.
"The married man would always like to live the life of the single man, and the single man was envious of the existence of the married."
–Leonard Stern
The above quote makes it seem like I'm Dickens, He's Fenster is more about the "grass is always greener" relationship shared by Harry and Arch, with the long-suffering Kate always there to help remind our characters of how good they really do have it in the lives they've already chosen to lead. While that kind of character subtext is great, it wasn't the focus of the show by any means. I'm Dickens, He's Fenster existed during a simpler time, back in the early 1960's, when shows didn't have to be socially relevant or feature important character storylines. They just wanted to be funny.
Harkening back to the days of early movies, and the great comedy teams of Laurel and Hardy or Lewis and Martin, the team of Dickens and Fenster were one of the first to bring the true "buddy comedy" to the early days of television. Pratfalls and physical humor were common in almost every episode. Between Ingel's facial contortions as an established funnyman, and Astin's insecurity-riddled characterizations as the straight man who bore the brunt of Ingel's "mistakes", sight gags and stunts were both plentiful and worthy of guffaws.
While Lucy Ricardo back on I Love Lucy occasionally may have had her best friend Ethel as a reluctant cohort, Dickens and Fenster (and their construction work setting) made that type of comedy the central part of their show. Not surprisingly, both I Love Lucy and the subsequent I'm Dickens, He's Fenster were from Lucille Ball's Desilu studios (which later became part of Paramount Pictures). Utilizing the expertise of the previous show and its crew, Dickens and Fenster was better able to show off the early "3-camera" system of filming a situation comedy than many shows of the day, and better build the physical elements as well.
Elements of the show later informed the throwback comedies of both Laverne and Shirley and Perfect Strangers, each of which used "buddy" elements and physical comedy to build their stories. While traditionally one member of the duo supposedly was the "straight man" (or woman) of the team, having both individuals be adept at the physicality of comedy meant the stories could layer bits upon bits, with a "can you top this?" mentality developing in the stream of gags. I'm Dickens, He's Fenster was a tremendous example of this in numerous episodes.
Although not a part of the "buddy team", Dickens' wife Kate got to do some small part of the physical work as well, being the unfortunate recipient of some of the results of their remodeling. The Dickens' household was in a constant state of minor repair, as the home of a construction worker also means jobs that aren't quite finished (since paying work takes a priority). Emmaline Lilly had her own moments at the steady center of the wildly orbiting title duo, as she not only put up with their own foibles and adventures, but also made do as best she could with their "help" in her own home. The woman had the patience of a saint… and sometimes, the wisdom of one, too.
Why didn't I'm Dickens, He's Fenster last? Remember, it's 1962. There's no such thing as demographics, or detailed research noting the particulars of whom exactly is watching what. A 12-year old counts just as much as a 25-year old or a 60-year old as far as the Nielsen ratings are concerned, and just getting a larger head count is the goal. And it was difficult to get that kind of significant number when the show was scheduled against some of the largest "hits" of the time. Route 66 was on rival CBS, while the extremely popular Sing Along with Mitch topped the charts on NBC. ABC was a young, upstart network trying to make a mark, and while they had high hopes for their new "buddy comedy", it didn't look good.
Shows also made more episodes for a season than they do now, and while ABC had lost faith in the series and officially cancelled it, they still had a number of episodes to run off. They did so, and ratings started to climb. The show was also noticed by the critics and, thanks to their promotion of the series, people continued to find its unique flavor. By the time ABC realized they had something of a hit of their own, they'd already let the cast and crew go on to other projects. Astin, in particular, had just signed to be the lead in a new situation comedy called The Addams Family, and his portrayal of Gomez Addams was a life-changing part for the actor.
But I'm Dickens, He's Fenster was left in the past, forgotten. There were only 32 half-hour episodes filmed, and therefore not enough for wide syndication where so many old shows became familiar to newer, younger fans. Generations got to know Gomez Addams, simply through years of reruns on local stations. But that fate didn't await I'm Dickens, He's Fenster. It faded away, lost to memory of almost all… just like Santa's ladder. But like the best Christmas presents, there's more than meets the eye. It turns out that someone remembered… and still believed in both Santa and I'm Dickens, He's Fenster….
JOHN ASTIN (Harry Dickens) is the only person (so far) to be featured THREE times on this site, but this is the first time he's had the lead role in the series profiled. He's had supporting roles in both The Adventures of Brisco County Jr. and Eerie, Indiana, and a lengthy career which includes memorable roles on The Addams Family and Night Court. His one-man play Once Upon a Midnight tells the life story of author Edgar Allan Poe, and is a fantastic night of theatre.
MARTY INGELS (Arch Fenster) first came to creator Leonard Stern's attention as a recurring character on The Dick Van Dyke Show, playing Dick's old army buddy. The rubber-faced comedian was seen on numerous variety shows of the early television era. Later, he became a force behind the scenes, both as a voice actor (he spoke the words for the animated character of gaming hero Pac-Man) and as an agent for a number of Hollywood stars. He's been married to actress Shirley Jones (of The Partridge Family fame) since 1977.
EMMALINE HENRY (Kate Dickens) is likely best known to comedy audiences as Mrs. Bellows, a recurring (yet memorable) part on I Dream of Jeannie. Her own original dream was to become known as a singer, and she had been cast as part of the chorus in a number of movie musicals. Her talent as a comedienne won out over her singing career, and she was later cast as Mickey Rooney's wife in the self-titled comedy Mickey. She passed away of cancer in 1979.
Producer Leonard Stern had wondered about what might have happened to the comedy series he'd made almost half a century ago. The original master tapes, originally thought lost, had been stored for all this time, and thanks to the hard work of a company called TV Time Machine, Santa had something else to offer this past holiday season. The initial set of DVDs, released just recently, contains the first half of the episodes, and features interviews with creator Stern, stars Astin and Ingels, and original commercial spots featuring the duo in character that served as "bumpers" into more traditional ads. The second set will be coming out later this year, and I urge any fan of early television to go order these immediately.
TV Time Machine has also established a terrific website for the show, featuring a number of stories and clips from various episodes. It also delves a bit into the history of the series, and how it was one of the few beloved by classic comedy and movie actor Stan Laurel. Also, just to be complete, it should also be noted that Stern was not only a TV producer (with shows like Get Smart and McMillan & Wife to his credit), he also created the perennial children's game of Mad Libs. Many a lengthy car ride has been saved by his inventive pastime.
"Some of the critics said it's the kind of humor that makes you laugh out loud in the living room, and that's an accomplishment. How often do we really laugh out loud in the living room when we're watching a television show? We're lucky if we smile."
–John Astin
Physical pratfalls have been the basis of humor for many years. The slapstick of the Keystone Cops and the escapades of Laurel and Hardy were mainstays of the early movies, and seltzer bottles were standard issue for many comics on the vaudeville circuit. With the advent of television, I'm Dickens, He's Fenster helped move the concept into our homes. Although the humor wasn't the most cultured by any means, it was universal enough to be shared by both old and young, in a much more innocent time.
These days, the culture has turned a bit more direct, and the unfortunate offspring of such humor has become the much more crass Jackass and Wipeout shows. But on I'm Dickens, He's Fenster, we still loved both Harry and Arch, just as Kate loved her boys, and although we laughed at their pratfalls, their successes still meant something. They were good people, although they were occasionally far too easily distracted and didn't watch exactly where they were going… until they'd fallen, humorously, and without injury (except maybe to a bit of their pride).
And distraction can be easily forgiven… because, after all, if it wasn't for a few distracted workmen, Santa wouldn't have had a ladder to get down a certain chimney. And we wouldn't have had I'm Dickens, He's Fenster all these years later to enjoy.
Vital Stats
32 half-hour episodes — none unaired — half currently available on DVD, the rest to follow
ABC Network
First aired episode: September 28, 1962
Final aired episode: May 10, 1963
Aired on Friday @ 8/7 Central? Oh, so close. An hour later, at 9/8 Central on Friday nights. Its lead-in was, of all things, The Flintstones, so a physical comedy wasn't so far away from a cartoon after all….
Comments and suggestions appreciated, as always.
–Tim R.


text:
Put Down Your Phone And Save My Black Life
From Hartford Courant / By Frank Harris III
I was thinking about Freddie Gray, Walter Scott, Eric Garner and other blacks across the country killed by police. I was thinking about their images posted on YouTube for the world to see. I was thinking about how I don't want to be like them.
See, I survived police interactions that could have gone bad at ages 13, 16, 18, 19 and 57.
I am now 58 and despite my advancing maturity, I have long understood there is no age-related statute of limitations on being a black male in America. I have also come to understand that many in this country believe that whipping out their smartphone to record these "incidents" is the ultimate fulfillment of their civic, if not humane, duty. (more…)


text:
In November of 1970, a month after signing a five-year publishing deal with Chrysalis Music, 24-year-old David Bowie wrote the following letter to Bob Grace, the man who signed him, and briefly filled him in on his life so far.
Transcript follows.
(Source: Any Day Now; Image: David Bowie in 1970, via.)
November 17th, 1970
Haddon Hall
Mr. Bob Grace
Chrysalis Music Ltd
388/398 Oxford Street
London W1
Dear Bob
I was born in Brixton and went to some Schools thereabout and studied Art. Then I went into an Advertising Agency which I didn't like very much. Then I left and joined some Rock 'n' Roll Bands playing Saxophone and I sang some which nobody liked very much.
As I was already a Beatnik, I had to be a Hippie and I was very heavy and wrote a lot of songs on some beaches and some people liked them. Then I recorded 'Space Oddity' and made some money and spent it which everybody liked.
Now I am 24 and I am married and I am not at all heavy and I'm still writing and my wife is pregnant which I like very much.


text:
BRUSSELS, April 19 (UPI) -- The European Union faces new risks to its 17-member eurozone as a $13 billion bailout of Cyprus failed to calm fears, exacerbated by a Fitch downgrade of Britain.
Investors warned Europe in and outside the eurozone faced dangers similar to Latin America's sovereign defaults, state confiscation of deposits and other multiple crises of the last century which carried into 2002 in parts of that region.
The bailout has pitted Cyprus against new political challenges and several eurozone countries against national parliaments, which must approve their participation in the bailout.
Despite European Commission assurances the bailout would help Cyprus overcome the crisis, the island's political establishment faces new turmoil. EU officials hope an accord on the bailout will be signed this month and cash transfers to Cyprus will begin by mid-May.
The deal promises Cyprus the first tranche of the loan from the eurozone and the International Monetary Fund by next month. The Cypriot political scene is deeply fraught, however, and parliamentary approval is likely to see repeat of furious protests during a March debate.
As part of the deal Cyprus needs to raise $17 billion to qualify for the EU-IMF loan, another sensitive issue for Cyprus, which has been stripping state assets at home and abroad to meet terms of the rescue package.
Depositors in several Cypriot banks are set to lose huge chunks of their deposits, EU data indicated. Taxes are also set to rise further, and many welfare programs will disappear, including those run by churches, which have lost millions held in banks due to the restructuring and rescue package.
Expert warnings of a sharp contraction of Cypriot economy are already in place, with predictions of up to 9 percent shrinkage but new fears are focused on a potential new slump in Europe.
There are fears too that Italy may be next in line with a deeper crisis, partly because it has failed to pick a new government. The Italian economy, the third largest in Europe after Germany and France, is in deep recession.
The problems faced by Britain indicate the European crisis isn't confined to the eurozone. Fitch credit ratings agency downgraded the United Kingdom to AA+ citing a weakened economic outlook.
The move follows Moody's downgrade in February and has upset plans for London to attract more investors from the oil-rich Persian Gulf region through Islamic finance instruments.
Britain is also worried that European plans for a financial transactions tax will damage the City of London's financial status.
FTT which aims to raise public funds and encourage more responsible trading by financial institutions and is likely to be adopted in 11 EU states. London wants to block the tax entirely as it fears the tax will be levied on deals carried out even partly in London. FTT provisions state the tax will apply to any deal linked in any way with institutions from any of the 11 countries supporting FTT. The FTT provisions will also affect U.S. financial transactions.


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Press Resources
"Caspian has the instrumental firepower to make a big noise when it feels like it. But the melodies, timbres and harmonics are so fully realized that "Tertia" would be mighty, even without its climaxes..." — The Washington Post
"With key tempo changes, well-spaced arrangements, and delicate instrumental insertions Tertia succeeds in capturing an earthen mood even as it soars to scrape the upper levels of the atmosphere..." — Pop Matters
"the ability to create such a wide range of reactions is the definition of true art. And if it can be accomplished through a version of metal, all the more power to it. Heady stuff, this." — Metal Sucks
"Listening to it unfold feels like staring at your own static image in the mirror, waiting for infinitesimal changes to reveal themselves..." — The Boston Globe
"Tertia finds Caspian trying new things and succeeding, gleefully galloping over the sophomore slump, never looking back..." — Prefix Mag
"a master class in the art of the perfect post-rock performance... stunning..." — Rock Sound
"please forgive my vague descriptions, but Caspian have laid their hands upon me and left the indescribable sensation that I've just heard something rather special, and they've taken a piece of me with them, while leaving a part of themselves with me..." — Metal Review
Philip Jamieson:
Erin Burke-Moran: guitar
Calvin Joss: guitar
Chris Friedrich: bass
Joe Vickers: drums
Jonny Ashburn: guitar
"Caspian's third attempt at sonic hegemony is Tertia – ten tracks that swirl, that twist and curl out of and into themselves, embracing the paradox of evoking the wildly specific by exploring the elusively abstract. There is a narrative, but it is spasmodic, fleeting moments, amidst songs like "La Cerva" and "Malacoda" where the instruments come together to an inextricable point, yet they seem to be uniting to deliver this: Things are about to fall apart. And then they do. With teeth gritted tighter than previous work, "The Raven" showcases the leaden fury that weighs on the cracking atlas-spine of the album. There is something controlled about the plummet, though. It is as if the fall is really a volatile casting down of the familiar until, in "Vienna," its pieces can be quietly examined amidst the passing violence. Out of the scattered shards comes the closing "Sycamore." Beginning with the most delicate drippings of melody since their debut's "Last Rites," guitar lines weave around each other, bleeding and fading into a mosaic of polyrhythms that, for all their tribal wiliness, ceases with a single snap, soldering the instruments into something fused, smooth, new. Tertia is, at it's blood pumping core, an aural descent through darkness towards a sun-soaked radiance. There is a sweeping sense of storytelling happening here, and fans of the band will have no difficulty assigning their own highly personal meaning to the narrative that unfolds. And yet, Tertia is also simply sixty minutes of new music written by five guys, inspired by the relentless cycle of performing on the road and experiencing a world much larger than the small oceanside town they call home. An honest reaction to life experience is being attempted, and it's taking form in a gloaming full of guitar flurries, bass throbs and pulsating, steady percussion. Since forming in 2004 as a four-piece with no aspirations other than to create music they could collectively appreciate, the band have added a third guitarist, whose weighty presence makes its recording debut here. After playing their first show in their hometown of Beverly, Mass. five years ago, the band have been in a seemingly constant state of motion, bringing their sound well beyond borders they initially imagined, with a plan to add even more this fall. The rain of fists that was their debut EP, You Are The Conductor, bled into the distinctive-but-circular tone poems of their first full-length, The Four Trees. Now, Tertia. One word meaning 'three' – the sum is merely an echo of its parts, the parts always aching—or, at least trying—to be one."


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Quarterly earnings: Not that great, about to get worseAugust 7, 2012: 8:10 AM ET
Despite a stubbornly slow economic recovery at home and severe headwinds from Europe and Asia, U.S. companies are on track to deliver a tenth straight quarter of rising profits. But a closer look reveals some alarming trends.
With reports from more than 80% of the S&P 500 companies on the books, earnings are on pace to grow just 0.6% during the second quarter, the slowest since the third quarter of 2009, when companies were still struggling from the depths of the recession.
Though growth is lackluster, analysts are still willing to look beyond that, noting that 64% of the companies that have reported have topped Wall Street's expectations, which is higher than the average rate of 62% over the past decade.
But the sharp slowdown in revenue growth is less forgivable.
Related: Slowing corporate profits cloud the jobs picture
"Companies have been able to figure out how to manage earnings expectations, and from that standpoint, the quarter hasn't been terribly bad," said Wasif Latif, vice president of equity investments at USAA Investments. "But when you look at revenue, that's been disappointing."
Revenues are set to rise just 2.2% during the second quarter for the S&P 500 companies overall, down from growth of 6% during the first three months of the year. What's more, the decline came a bit as a surprise to Wall Street. About a month ago, analysts were expecting sales to grow about 5% for the quarter, according to S&P Capital IQ. As a result, only 41% of companies have exceeded revenue estimates, unusually low compared to the 10-year average of 61%.
Even Apple (AAPL), which is well-known for its blowout earnings quarter after quarter, missed Wall Street's sales expectations by more than $2 billion when it delivered results last month.
"The slowdown in revenue is an indication of overall weakening demand and the economic environment," said Latif. "If top line sales aren't growing, that will put ultimately put pressure on profits."
And that seems to be the scenario that is beginning to unfold. Company executives have been extremely cautious in their outlooks, and analysts have ratcheted down their forecasts as well. In fact, over the past two weeks, estimates have gone from profit growth of 0.7% for the third quarter to a 1.4% decline.
Related: Corporate America rings alarm on global slump
Most CEOs are blaming Europe for the weakness.
For example, Apple's chief Tim Cook pointed to the continent's slowing economy as one of the factors contributing to the shortfall in iPhone sales. McDonald's (MCD) and Ford (F) also cited Europe as one of the areas where consumer confidence, and in turn spending, are falling.
CEO Scott Davis of shipping giant UPS (UPS) pointed fingers at Europe, as well as increasing uncertainty in the United States and ongoing weakness in Asia, as it lowered its outlook for the year. Chipmaker Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) also cut its outlook due to weaker-than-expected sales in China and Europe and overall sluggish demand from consumers.
As earnings expectations start to decline, company stock valuations are rising, noted USAA Investments' Latif.
The S&P 500 now trades at 13.2 2012 earnings estimates, up from a multiple of 12.8 just a month ago.
"When you reduce earnings estimates, valuations suddenly are less attractive," said Latif. "How much investors are willing to pay for those earnings is the ultimate litmus test for Wall Street."
That could spell trouble ahead. Bullish investors have been touting the relatively low valuations of stocks as a reason to keep buying. But as stocks creep higher, Latif said investors will have to be more careful to find companies that remain decent bargains.


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76 Gas stations are giving away these car air fresheners.
One side says 'Smells like another baseball season'. The other side says 'Yes, that's the smell of fresh cut grass'.
And yeah, it smells like grass.
And remember, 76 Gas stations are giving away Dodger tickets. Click here for more info.
Video -
Tuesday, May 8, 2012
Do I want my car to smell like fresh cut grass?
2 comments:
- dodgerlove27 said...
I have one doesn't smell like grass. Blah
- May 8, 2012 at 5:41 PM
- Ozaeta said...
ill take it!
- May 17, 2012 at 4:58 PM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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Listings in RV Repair & Service, Medical, Dessert, Soups/Salads, Barbecue and Free Branson Attractions & Activities
Wildwood Bistro
in Steak, Soups/Salads, Seafood/Fish, Sandwiches/Subs/Grinders/Hoagies, Italian, Hamburgers/Hot Dogs/Wings, Buffet, Breakfast/Brunch, American
The "Wildwood Bistro" in Branson's elegant Radisson Hotel, is a great dining experience for both guests and the public.
120 Wildwood Drive South
Branson 65616
Famous Dave's Bar-B-Que
in Barbecue
"Famous Dave's Bar-B-Que" in Branson; the name says it all...famous!
1201 Branson Landing
Branson 65616
McFarlain's Family Restaurant
in Steak, Soups/Salads, Dessert, Breakfast/Brunch, American
Come hungry… McFarlain's in the IMAX Complex features hearty meals.
3562 Shepherd of the Hills Exp
Branson 65616
Curling Vine Winery
in Free Branson Attractions & Activities
Stop in and visit part of Missouri's oldest wine operation, formerly Stone Hill Winery
601 State hwy 165
Branson 65616
Sugar Leaf Bakery & Cafe
in Vegetarian/Vegan, Soups/Salads, Sandwiches/Subs/Grinders/Hoagies, Dessert, Coffee House/Tea Room/Donut Shop, Breakfast/Brunch, Bakery
Sugar Leaf Bakery & Cafe in the Grand Village Shoppes, where you will find some of Branson's best cakes and cookies, and hearty and savory cuisine!
2800 W 76 Country Blvd
Branson 65616
Hawgs & Dawgs
in Barbecue, Hamburgers/Hot Dogs/Wings
673 State Hwy 165 #10
Branson 65616
Indian Point Marina Floating Cafe
in Seafood/Fish, Steak, Sandwiches/Subs/Grinders/Hoagies, Pizza, Hamburgers/Hot Dogs/Wings, Barbecue, Breakfast/Brunch, American
3443 Indian Point Road
Branson 65616
Jackie B. Goode's Uptown Cafe
in Hamburgers/Hot Dogs/Wings, Seafood/Fish, Steak, Soups/Salads, American, Breakfast/Brunch
Stop by "Jackie B. Goode's Uptown Cafe" in Branson for a 1950's style diner experience!
285 State Highway 165
Branson 65616
Jayne Dough Sandwiches
in Fast Food/Fast Casual, Soups/Salads, Sandwiches/Subs/Grinders/Hoagies
"Jayne Dough Sandwiches" in Branson uses delicious bread made fresh all day long!
1232 Branson Hills Parkway
Branson 65616
Leona's Deli
in Steak, Soups/Salads, Sandwiches/Subs/Grinders/Hoagies, American
"Leona's Deli" is dishing up friendly Ozarks hospitality and hearty homemade food at a great price
14891 Highway 13


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Chatsworth Products (CPI) is a global manufacturer of products and solutions that protect your ever-growing investment in information and communications technology for IT and industrial automation applications. We act as your business partner and are uniquely prepared to respond to your specific requirements with global availability and rapid product customization, giving you a competitive advantage. With decades of experience engineering thermal, power and cable management solutions for the data center, enterprise networking and industrial enclosure markets, CPI is well positioned to provide you with unequaled application expertise, customer service and technical support, as well as a global network of industry-leading distributors. CPI has three key focuses: thermal management for equipment secured in racks; site optimization through remote monitoring of power, environmentals and access control; and customization of enclosures, equipment storage and cable management solutions to meet customer and site-specific requirements. CPI's broad offering includes: Cabinet, Containment and Industrial Enclosure Systems, Cable Management, Cable Runway and Tray, Environmental Monitoring and Security, Grounding and Bonding, Power Management, Rack Systems, Seismic Protection Systems, Wall-Mount Systems and Zone Cabling and Wireless Enclosures. Additionally, CPI provides free apps and online design tools, including BIM and CAD models, Product Designers, technical trainings, free webinars, and much more.
CPI is listed with the General Services Administration (GSA) under Federal Supply Schedule IT 70. Products are also available through GSA Advantage and through Government Wide Acquisition Contracts (GWACs), including GSA Connections and NITAAC-ECS III (www.chatsworth.com/gov).
©2019 Chatsworth Products, Inc. All rights reserved. Chatsworth Products, Clik-Nut, CPI, CPI Passive Cooling, Secure Array, eConnect, Evolution, GlobalFrame, MegaFrame, QuadraRack, RMR, Saf-T-Grip, SeismicFrame, SlimFrame, Motive, TeraFrame and Velocity are federally registered trademarks of Chatsworth Products. EuroFrame, CUBE-iT and Simply Efficient are trademarks of Chatsworth Products. All other trademarks belong to their respective companies.


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By the Numbers
Get some more facts on what makes Dell Technologies a great partner — for our customers, communities and team members.
We win together because we respect and value our differences. A diverse and inclusive work environment inspires innovation and helps us best serve our diverse, global customers.
0% Score on the Human Rights Campaign Corporate Equality Index
1st Alice, the first-ever artificial intelligence platform for women entrepreneurs
0% Dell executives who will help build a more inclusive workplace through Catalyst's Men Advocating Real Change initiative
#1 2017 ranking for Supplier Diversity in DiversityInc's Top 50 Companies list
Our winning culture is made real every day by how we work and lead. It's the foundation for everything we've achieved, and everything we help you achieve.
#14 On LinkedIn's list of top companies to work for
#4 On Flexjobs' top 250 for flexible jobs
#2 On Fairygodboss' 2017 ranking of the Best Companies for Women
#4 Dell EMC's ranking on Fortune's 25 Best Global Companies to Work For
There are two types of jobs at Dell: those that serve our customers and those that support them.
5 Independent, customer-led, global Dell Technologies User Communities you can join. These groups provide technical resources for Dell Technologies solutions to ensure you have access to proven successful strategies and solutions. Dtusercommunity.com


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According to a new market report published by Lucintel, the future of Global Automotive Composites Carbon Fiber Market looks promising with opportunities in various applications, including exterior, power train system, under body system, chassis system, pressure vessel, interior, and others. Global automotive composites carbon fiber market is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 10.4% from 2016 to 2021. The major growth drivers for this market are increasing automotive production and growing demand for lightweight materials due to stringent government regulations to increase fuel efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Other major growth drivers include the growing demand for carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) in luxury cars, race cars and other high-performance cars.
Browse 36 market data tables and 130 figures spread through 190 pages and in-depth TOC on "Global Automotive Composites Carbon Fiber Market"
In this market, exterior, power train system, under body system, chassis system, pressure vessel, interior and others are the major applications. Based on Lucintel's comprehensive research, exterior is expected to remain the largest market, and chassis system is expected to show the highest growth rate during the forecast period from 2016 to 2021.
Download Free PDF Brochure @
Within carbon fiber market for automotive, sheet molding compound (SMC), short fiber thermoplastic (SFT), long fiber thermoplastic (LFT), and prepreg, are the major materials to manufacture automotive components. LFT is expected to remain the largest market by value and volume, mainly driven by applications where high strength-to-weight ratios and high resistance to chemicals, heat and corrosion have prime importance.
Europe is expected to remain the largest market due to growing demand for lightweight, environmentally sustainable composite materials from the automotive industry. Government regulations, such as CAFE Standards in the US and carbon emission targets in Europe, are putting pressure on OEMs to incorporate lightweight materials to curb the overall vehicle weight, and this is the key driver for the use of carbon fiber in the automotive industry
For business expansion, this report suggests innovation and new product development to produce hybrid, low cost, and recyclable carbon fiber for the automotive composites industry. The report further suggests the development of partnerships with customers to create win-win situations and the development of low-cost solutions for customers.
Pre-Purchase Query @ http://www.lucintel.com/pq/carbon_fiber_in_automotive_composites_2016.aspx
Emerging trends, which have a direct impact on the dynamics of the industry, include development of transformative technologies and material systems to make carbon fiber parts for mass-volume vehicles. Toray, Hexcel, Cytec Solvey Group, SGL, DOWAKSA, Hyosung Corporation, Formosa Plastic Corp, and Composite Holding Company are among the major suppliers of carbon fiber in the global automotive composites market.
The study includes a forecast for carbon fiber in the global automotive composites market by application, material and region as follows:
Automotive composites carbon fiber market by application type (Value ($M) and Volume (M lbs) from 2010 to 2021):
- Interior
- Exterior
- Under the body systems
- Chassis System
- Power train system
- Pressure Vessel
- Others
Automotive composites carbon fiber market by material type (Value ($M) and Volume (M lbs) from 2010 to 2021):
- Sheet Molding Compound (SMC)
- Short Fiber Thermoplastic (SFT)
- Long Fiber Thermoplastic (LFT)
- Prepreg
- Others
Automotive composites carbon fiber market by region type (Value ($M) and Volume (M lbs) from 2010 to 2021)
- North American
- Europe
- Asia Pacific (APAC) and the Rest of the World (ROW)
Download Free Sample Page @ http://www.lucintel.com/ds/carbon_fiber_in_automotive_composites_2016.aspx
This 190-page research report will enable you to make confident business decisions in this globally competitive marketplace. For a detailed table of contents, contact Lucintel at +1-972-636-5056 or click on this link http://www.lucintel.com/carbon_fiber_in_automotive_composites_2016.aspx or firstname.lastname@example.com
Browse current press releases here @ http://www.lucintel.com/press-release.aspx
Browse Related Reports @ http://www.lucintel.com/reports/composites_market_report.aspx
About Lucintel
Lucintel, the premier global management consulting and market research firm, creates winning strategies for growth. It offers market assessments, competitive analysis, opportunity analysis, growth consulting, M&A, and due diligence services to executives and key decision-makers in a variety of industries. For further information, visit www.lucintel.com
Connect with us on LinkedIn here https://www.linkedin.com/company/lucintel?trk=top_nav_home
Visit Lucintel Blog Here: http://www.lucintel.com/blog/
This report answers following 11 key questions:
Q. 1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth segments in the market by application type (exterior, power train system, under body system, chassis system, pressure vessel, interior, and others), material (SMC, LFT, SFT, prepreg layup, RTM, and other thermosets, region (North America, Europe, and APAC/ROW)?
Q.2.Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
Q.3.Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
Q.4.What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the drivers, challenges, and business risks in this market?
Q.5.What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
Q.6.What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
Q.7.What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
Q.8.What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
Q.10.What are some of the competing products in this market and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
Q. 11.What M & A activity has occurred in the last 5 years and what is its impact on the industry?
Media Contact
Company Name: Lucintel
Contact Person: Tushita Roy
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: +31-682270883
Address:222 Las Colinas Blvd West, Suite 1650
City: Irving
State: TX
Country: United States
Website: http://www.lucintel.com/index.aspx


text: Bravo McWilley 5 Posted December 3, 2008 Lets make a list of the problems with the new forum to maybe be used as a checklist for FFG to fix these issues and make our experience as good as or better than the previous forum was. #1. Speed! - The new forum is SLOWWWWW. Very slow. It takes me an hour to load and read the 10-20 new posts/updates each morning. Never mind how slow the post and new topic page is! Just trying to read them is painful. #2. EDIT! - There is no way to edit your posts! Why is this not a function? This is more important than you would think at first. #3. Updates - This one is 2 fold. 1... why are the mouse over tips text for the FF logos on the left of each topic not in english? and 2...whats with topics that are updated not always having the blue logo? I constantly see posts that were near the bottom while I am reading other posts, move to the top of the list but not change the logo to the blue "new" post. Clearly it has been updated. #4. Avatars - Everyones favorite. Why can't we use our own custom Avatars? This one isnt that big a deal, and if FFG decides they only want us to use the ones they provide then fine, but it just seems a bit silly. maybe its for space and speed considerations, but we can refer to #1 on that! #5 Copy/Paste from Word and the like - Huh? What would make this not work? ...Please add your own below so we can maybe get some explainations, timeframes of fixes, intent on fixes, etc... Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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*** Call for Participation *** NATIONAL CENTER FOR ONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH - BUFFALO PRESENTS: Ontology for the Intelligence Community: Towards Effective Exploitation and Integration of Intelligence Resources. November 30 - December 1, 2006. Hilton Hotel, Columbia, Maryland, USA NOTE: Conference Hotel rates still available Registration and other details available here: http://ncor.us/oic ________________________________________ DESCRIPTION What is Ontology? What are the Goals of Ontology? How Can Ontology Achieve these Goals? The increasing volume, variety and velocity of intelligence analysis in the post 9/11 era requires new approaches to information system design that enable greater flexibility, precision, timeliness and automation of analysis to maximize valuable human resources in responding to fast-evolving threats. Ontology-based technology as applied in areas such as bioinformatics has demonstrated the possibility of gains along all these dimensions. The time is right to take ontology seriously also in other spheres. Recent years have seen a steep rise in the use of ontology-based technology for intelligence information processing applications. But the news from the ontology front is not all positive. Even among those promoting ontology-based technology, there is little shared understanding of how to develop high quality ontologies and of their potential applications. This workshop will bring together experts on ontology-based technology with particular experience in the problems facing the intelligence community. The first day will feature interactive sessions covering foundational issues and key application domains for which ontology-based technology is particularly suited. The second day will feature presentations by technology leaders from within the intelligence community, who will report on the successes and challenges of the application of ontology in deployed applications. Highly Interactive Sessions will Include: Ontology and Data Integration Bill Andersen (Ontology Works, Inc.) Drowning in Data but Dying of Thirst: Challenges in Intelligence Analysis from a Practitioner's Viewpoint Maureen Baginski (President of National Security Systems, Sparta; Former Executive Assistant Director at FBI for Intelligence) Tracking Referents Werner Ceusters (Reference Tracking Unit, NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences) Title to be Announced Fran Landolf (Consultant) Vulnerability: An Ontological Analysis Eric Little (Center for Ontology and Interdisciplinary Studies) More Things in Heaven and Earth: Ontologies and Semantic Technology in the CIA's Strategy for Enterprise Data Kevin S. Lynch (Ontologist, Applications Services, Central Intelligence Agency) The Ontology Spectrum Leo Obrst (MITRE Corporation) Ontology-Driven Reasoning: Successes in Bioinformatics Nigam Shah (NCBO, Stanford Medical Informatics) Title to be Announced Jay Smart (Technical Director of the National Security Operations Center) Ontology: A Guide for the Intelligence Analyst Barry Smith (National Center for Ontological Research, University at Buffalo) If you are interested in attending this meeting, please write to: firstname.lastname@example.com Workshop organized by the National Center for Ontological Research - Buffalo Co-sponsored by Ontology Works, Inc. _____________________________________________ Dr. Leo Obrst The MITRE Corporation, Information Semantics firstname.lastname@example.com Center for Innovative Computing & Informatics Voice: 703-983-6770 7515 Colshire Drive, M/S H305 Fax: 703-983-1379 McLean, VA 22102-7508, USAReceived on Tuesday, 31 October 2006 14:09:17 UTC
This archive was generated by hypermail 2.4.0 : Friday, 17 January 2020 19:47:18 UTC


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Correos y Telégrafos Spain asks us to inform other Union member countries and their designated operators of the 24-hour strike called by the unions, starting today, on 30 November 2018, at midnight local time.
This strike is affecting the collection and delivery of all types of mail (letters, parcels and EMS), both inbound and outbound.
Correos y Telégrafos thanks Union member countries and their designated operators for their understanding and cooperation.