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The Odyssey
(fl. 850
The Odyssey.
The Harvard Classics.
Book VIII
The next days entertainment of Odysseus, where he sees them contend in wrestling and other exercises, and upon provocation took up a greater stone than that which they were throwing, and overthrew them all. Alcinous and the lords give him presents. And how the king asked his name, his country, and his adventures.
when early Dawn shone forth, the rosy-fingered, then the mighty king Alcinous gat him up from his bed; and Odysseus, of the seed of Zeus, likewise uprose, the waster of cities. And the mighty king Alcinous led the way to the assembly place of the Phaeacians, which they had established hard by the ships. So when they had come thither, and sat them down on the polished stones close by each other, Pallas Athene went on her way through the town, in the semblance of the herald of wise Alcinous, devising a return for the great-hearted Odysseus. Then standing by each man she spake, saying:
Hither now get ye to the assembly, ye captains and counsellors of the Phaeacians, that ye may learn concerning the stranger, who hath lately come to the palace of wise Alcinous, in his wanderings over the deep, and his form is like the deathless gods.
Therewith she aroused the spirit and desire of each one, and speedily the meeting-places and seats were filled with men that came to the gathering: yea, and many an one marvelled at the sight of the wise son of Laertes, for wondrous was the grace Athene poured upon his head and shoulders, and she made him greater and more mighty to behold, that he might win love and worship and honour among all the Phaeacians, and that he might accomplish many feats, wherein the Phaeacians made trial of Odysseus. Now when they were gathered and come together, Alcinous made harangue and spake among them:
Harken, ye captains and counsellors of the Phaeacians, and I will say that which my spirit within me bids me utter. This stranger, I know not who he is, hath come to my house in his wandering, whether from the men of the dawning or the westward, and he presses for a convoy, and prays that it be assured to him. So let us, as in time past, speed on the convoy. For never, nay never, doth any man who cometh to my house, abide here long in sorrow for want of help upon his way. Nay, come let us draw down a black ship to the fair salt sea, for her first voyage, and let them choose fifty and two noble youths throughout the township, who have been proved heretofore the best. And when ye have made fast the oars upon the benches, step all a shore, and thereafter come to our house, and quickly fall to feasting; and I will make good provision for all. To the noble youths I give this commandment; but ye others, sceptred kings, come to my fair dwelling, that we may entertain the stranger in the halls, and let no man make excuse. Moreover, bid hither the divine minstrel, Demodocus, for the god hath given minstrelsy to him as to none other, to make men glad in what way soever his spirit stirs him to sing.
He spake and led the way, and the sceptred kings accompanied him, while the henchmen went for the divine minstrel. And chosen youths, fifty and two, departed at his command, to the shore of the unharvested sea. But after they had gone down to the ship and to the sea, first of all they drew the ship down to the deep water, and placed the mast and sails in the black ship, and fixed the oars in leathern loops, all orderly, and spread forth the white sails. And they moored her high out in the shore water, and thereafter went on their way to the great palace of the wise Alcinous. Now the galleries and the courts and the rooms were thronged with men that came to the gathering, for there were many, young and old. Then Alcinous sacrificed twelve sheep among them, and eight boars with flashing tusks, and two oxen with trailing feet. These they flayed and made ready, and dressed a goodly feast.
Then the henchman drew near, leading with him the beloved minstrel, whom the muse loved dearly, and she gave him both good and evil; of his sight she reft him, but granted him sweet song. Then Pontonous, the henchman, set for him a high chair inlaid with silver, in the midst of the guests, leaning it against the tall pillar, and he hung the loud lyre on a pin, close above his head, and showed him how to lay his hands on it. And close by him he placed a basket, and a fair table, and a goblet of wine by his side, to drink when his spirit bade him. So they stretched forth their hands upon the good cheer spread before them. But after they had put from them the desire of meat and drink, the Muse stirred the minstrel to sing the songs of famous men, even that lay whereof the fame had then reached the wide heaven, namely, the quarrel between Odysseus and Achilles, son of Peleus; how once on a time they contended in fierce words at a rich festival of the gods, but Agamemnon, king of men, was inly glad when the noblest of the Achaeans fell at variance. For so Phoebus Apollo in his soothsaying had told him that it must be, in goodly Pytho, what time he crossed the threshold of stone, to seek to the oracle. For in those days the first wave of woe was rolling on Trojans and Danaans through the counsel of great Zeus.
This song it was that the famous minstrel sang; but Odysseus caught his great purple cloak with his stalwart hands, and drew it down over his head, and hid his comely face, for he was ashamed to shed tears beneath his brows in presence of the Phaeacians. Yea, and oft as the divine minstrel paused in his song, Odysseus would wipe away the tears, and draw the cloak from off his head, and take the two-handled goblet and pour forth before the gods. But whensoever he began again, and the chiefs of the Phaeacians stirred him to sing, in delight at the lay, again would Odysseus cover up his head and make moan. Now none of all the company marked him weeping, but Alcinous alone noted it and was ware thereof as he sat by him and heard him groaning heavily. And presently he spake among the Phaeacians, masters of the oar:
Hearken, ye captains and counsellors of the Phaeacians, now have our souls been satisfied with the good feast, and with the lyre, which is the mate of the rich banquet. Let us go forth anon, and make trial of divers games, that the stranger may tell his friends, when home he returneth, how greatly we excel all men in boxing, and wrestling, and leaping, and speed of foot.
He spake, and led the way, and they went with him. And the henchman hung the loud lyre on the pin, and took the hand of Demodocus, and let him forth from the hall, and guided him by the same way, whereby those others, the chiefs of the Phaeacians, had gone to gaze upon the games. So they went on their way to the place of assembly, and with them a great company innumerable; and many a noble youth stood up to play. There rose Acroneus, and Ocyalus, and Elatreus, and Nauteus, and Prymneus, and Anchialus, and Eretmeus, and Ponteus, and Proreus, Thoon, and Anabesineus, and Amphialus, son of Polyneus, son of Tekton, and likewise Euryalus, the peer of murderous Ares, the son of Naubolus, who in face and form was goodliest of all the Phaeacians next to noble Laodamas. And there stood up the three sons of noble Alcinous, Laodamas, and Halius, and god-like Clytoneus. And behold, these all first tried the issue in the foot race. From the very start they strained at utmost speed: and all together they flew forward swiftly, raising the dust along the plain. And noble Clytoneus was far the swiftest of them all in running, and by the length of the furrow that mules cleave in a fallow field,
so far did he shoot to the front, and came to the crowd by the lists, while those others were left behind. Then they made trial of strong wrestling, and here in turn Euryalus excelled all the best. And in leaping Amphialus was far the foremost, and Elatreus in weight-throwing, and in boxing Laodamas, the good son of Alcinous. Now when they had all taken their pleasure in the games, Laodamas, son of Alcinous, spake among them:
Come, my friends, let us ask the stranger whether he is skilled or practised in any sport. Ill fashioned, at least, he is not in his thighs and sinewy legs and hands withal, and his stalwart neck and mighty strength: yea and he lacks not youth, but is crushed by many troubles. For I tell thee there is nought else worse than the sea to confound a man, how hardy soever he may be.
And Euryalus in turn made answer, and said: Laodamas, verily thou hast spoken this word in season. Go now thyself and challenge him, and declare thy saying.
Now when the good son of Alcinous heard this, he went and stood in the midst, and spake unto Odysseus: Come, do thou too, father and stranger, try thy skill in the sports, if haply thou art practised in any; and thou art like to have knowledge of games, for there is no greater glory for a man while yet he lives, than that which he achieves by hand and foot. Come, then, make essay, and cast away care from thy soul: thy journey shall not now be long delayed; lo, thy ship is even now drawn down to the sea, and the men of thy company are ready.
And Odysseus of many counsels answered him, saying: Laodamas, wherefore do ye mock me, requiring this thing of me? Sorrow is far nearer my heart than sports, for much have I endured and laboured sorely in time past, and now I sit in this your gathering, craving my return, and making my prayer to the king and all the people.
And Euryalus answered, and rebuked him to his face: No truly, stranger, nor do I think thee at all like one that is skilled in games, whereof there are many among men, rather art thou such an one as comes and goes in a benched ship, a master of sailors that are merchantmen, one with a memory for his freight, or that hath the charge of a cargo homeward bound, and of greedily gotten gains; thou seemest not a man of thy hands.
Then Odysseus of many counsels looked fiercely on him and said: Stranger, thou hast not spoken well; thou art like a man presumptuous. So true it is that the gods do not give every gracious gift to all, neither shapeliness, nor wisdom, nor skilled speech. For one man is feebler than another in presence, yet the god crowns his words with beauty, and men behold him and rejoice, and his speech runs surely on his way with a sweet modesty, and he shines forth among the gathering of his people, and as he passes through the town men gaze on him as a god. Another again is like the deathless gods for beauty, but his words have no crown of grace about them; even as thou art in comeliness pre-eminent, nor could a god himself fashion thee for the better, but in wit thou art a weakling. Yet, thou hast stirred my spirit in my breast by speaking thus amiss. I am not all unversed in sports, as thy words go, but methinks I was among the foremost while as yet I trusted in my youth and my hands, but now am I holden in misery and pains: for I have endured much in passing through the wars of men and the grievous waves of the sea. Yet even so, for all my affliction, I will essay the games, for thy word hath bitten to the quick, and thou hast roused me with thy saying.
He spake, and clad even as he was in his mantle leaped to his feet, and caught up a weight larger than the rest, a huge weight heavier far than those wherewith the Phaeacians contended in casting. With one whirl he sent it from his stout hand, and the stone flew hurtling: and the Phaeacians, of the long oars, those mariners renowned, crouched to earth beneath the rushing of the stone. Beyond all the marks it flew, so lightly it sped from his hand, and Athene in the fashion of a man marked the place, and spake and hailed him:
Yea, even a blind man, stranger, might discern that token if he groped for it, for it is in no wise lost among the throng of the others, but is far the first; for this bout then take heart: not one of the Phaeacians shall attain thereunto or overpass it.
So spake she; and the steadfast goodly Odysseus rejoiced and was glad, for that he saw a true friend in the lists. Then with a lighter heart he spake amid the Phaeacians:
Now reach ye this throw, young men, if ye may; and soon methinks, will I cast another after it, as far or yet further. And whomsoever of the rest his heart and spirit stir thereto, hither let him come and try the issue with me, in boxing or in wrestling or even in the foot race, I care not which, for ye have greatly angered me: let any of all the Phaeacians come save Laodamas alone, for he is mine host: who would strive with one that entreated him kindly? Witless and worthless is the man, whoso challengeth his host that receiveth him in strange land, he doth but maim his own estate. But for the rest, I refuse none and hold none lightly, but I fain would know and prove them face to face. For I am no weakling in all sports, even in the feats of men. I know well how to handle the polished bow, and ever the first would I be to shoot and smite my man in the press of foes, even though many of my company stood by, and were aiming at the enemy. Alone Philoctetes in the Trojan land surpassed me with the bow in our Achaean archery. But I avow myself far more excellent than all besides, of the mortals that are now upon the earth and live by bread. Yet with the men of old time I would not match me, neither with Heracles nor with Eurytus of Oechalia, who contended even with the deathless gods for the prize of archery. Wherefore the great Eurytus perished all too soon, nor did old age come on him in his halls, for Apollo slew him in his wrath, seeing that he challenged him to shoot a match. And with the spear I can throw further than any other man can shoot as arrow. Only I doubt that in the foot race some of the Phaeacians may outstrip me, for I have been shamefully broken in many waters, seeing that there was no continual sustenance on board; wherefore my knees are loosened.
So spake he and all kept silence; and Alcinous alone answered him, saying:
Stranger, forasmuch as these thy words are not ill-taken in our gathering, but thou wouldest fain show forth the valour which keeps thee company, being angry that yonder man stood by thee in the lists, and taunted thee, in such sort as no mortal would speak lightly of thine excellence, who had knowledge of sound words; nay now, mark my speech; so shalt thou have somewhat to tell another hero, when with thy wife and children thou suppest in thy halls, and recallest our prowess, what deeds Zeus bestoweth even upon us from our fathers days even until now. For we are no perfect boxers, nor wrestlers, but speedy runners, and the best of seamen; and dear to us ever is the banquet, and the harp, and the dance, and changes of raiment, and the warm bath, and love, and sleep. Lo, now arise, ye dancers of the Phaeacians, the best in the land, and make sport, that so the stranger may tell his friends, when he returneth home, how far we surpass all men besides in seamanship, and speed of foot, and in the dance and song. And let one go quickly, and fetch for Demodocus the loud lyre which is lying somewhere in our halls.
So spake Alcinous the godlike, and the henchman rose to bear the hollow lyre from the kings palace. Then stood up nine chosen men in all, the judges of the people, who were wont to order all things in the lists aright. So they levelled the place for the dance, and made a fair ring and a wide. And the henchman drew near bearing the loud lyre to Demodocus, who gat him into the midst, and round him stood boys in their first bloom, skilled in the dance, and they smote the good floor with their feet. And Odysseus gazed at the twinklings of the feet, and marvelled in spirit.
Now as the minstrel touched the lyre, he lifted up his voice in sweet song, and he sang of the love of Ares and Aphrodite, of the fair crown, how at the first they lay together in the house of Hephaestus privily; and Ares gave her many gifts, and dishonoured the marriage bed of the lord Hephaestus. And anon there came to him one to report the thing, even Helios, that had seen them at their pastime. Now when Hephaestus heard the bitter tidings, he went his way to the forge, devising evil in the deep of his heart, and set the great anvil on the stithy, and wrought fetters that none might snap or loosen, that the lovers might there unmoveably remain. Now when he had forged the crafty net in his anger against Ares, he went on his way to the chamber where his marriage bed was set out, and strewed his snares all about the posts of the bed, and many too were hung aloft from the main beam, subtle as spiders webs, so that none might see them, even of the blessed gods: so cunningly were they forged. Now after he had done winding the snare about the bed, he made as though he would go to Lemnos, that stablished castle, and this was far the dearest of all lands in his sight. But Ares of the golden rein kept no blind watch, what time he saw Hephaestus, the famed craftsman, depart afar. So he went on his way to the house of renowned Hephaestus, eager for the love of crowned Cytherea. Now she was but newly come from her sire, the mighty Cronion, and as it chanced had sat her down; and Ares entered the house, and clasped her hand, and spake, and hailed her:
Come, my beloved, let us to bed, and take our pleasure of love, for Hephaestus is no longer among his own people; methinks he is already gone to Lemnos, to the Sintians, men of savage speech.
So spake he, and a glad thing it seemed to her to lie with him. So they twain went to the couch, and laid them to sleep, and around them clung the cunning bonds of skilled Hephaestus, so that they could not move nor raise a limb. Then at the last they knew it, when there was no way to flee. Now the famous god of the strong arms drew near to them, having turned him back ere he reached the land of Lemnos. For Helios had kept watch, and told him all. So heavy at heart he went his way to his house, and stood at the entering in of the gate, and wild rage gat hold of him, and he cried terribly, and shouted to all the gods:
Father Zeus, and ye other blessed gods, that live for ever, come hither, that ye may see a mirthful thing and a cruel, for that Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, ever dishonours me by reason of my lameness, and sets her heart on Ares the destroyer, because he is fair and straight of limb, but as for me, feeble was I born. Howbeit, there is none to blame but my father and mother,would they had never begotten me! But now shall ye see where these have gone up into my bed, and sleep together in love; and I am troubled at the sight. Yet, methinks, they will not care to lie thus even for a little while longer, despite their great love. Soon will they have no desire to sleep together, but the snare and the bond shall hold them, till her sire give back to the gifts of wooing, one and all, those that I bestowed upon him for the hand of his shameless girl; for that his daughter is fair, but without discretion.
So spake he; and lo, the gods gathered together to the house of the brazen floor. Poseidon came, the girdler of the earth, and Hermes came, the bringer of luck, and prince Apollo came, the archer. But the lady goddesses abode each within her house for shame. So the gods, the givers of good things, stood in the porch: and laughter unquenchable arose among the blessed gods, as they beheld the sleight of cunning Hephaestus. And thus would one speak, looking to his neighbour:
Ill deed, ill speed! The slow catcheth the swift. Lo, how Hephaestus, slow as he is, hath overtaken Ares, albeit he is the swiftest of the gods that hold Olympus, by his craft hath he taken him despite his lameness; wherefore surely Ares oweth the fine of the adulterer. Thus they spake one to the other. But the lord Apollo, son of Zeus, spake to Hermes:
Hermes, son of Zeus, messenger and giver of good things, wouldst thou be fain, aye, pressed by strong bonds though it might be, to lie on the couch by golden Aphrodite?
Then the messenger, the slayer of Argos, answered him: I would that this might be, Apollo, my prince of archery! So might thrice as many bonds innumerable encompass me about, and all ye gods be looking on and all the goddesses, yet would I lie by golden Aphrodite.
So spake, he, and laughter rose among the deathless gods. Howbeit, Poseidon laughed not, but was instant with Hephaestus, the renowed artificer, to loose the bonds of Ares: and he uttered his voice, and spake to him winged words:
Loose him, I pray thee, and I promise even as thou biddest me, that he shall himself pay all fair forfeit in the presence of the deathless gods.
Then the famous god of the strong arms answered him: Require not this of me, Poseidon, girdler of the earth. Evil are evil folks pledges to hold. How could I keep thee bound among the deathless gods, if Ares were to depart, avoiding the debt and the bond?
Then Poseidon answered him, shaker of the earth: Hephaestus, even if Ares avoid the debt and flee away, I myself will pay thee all.
Then the famous god of the strong arms answered him: It may not be that I should say thee nay, neither is it meet.
Therewith the mighty Hephaestus loosed the bonds, and the twain, when they were freed from that strong bond, sprang up straightway, and departed, he to Thrace, but laughter-loving Aphrodite went to Paphos of Cyprus, where is her precinct and fragrant altar. There the Graces bathed and anointed her with oil imperishable, such as it laid upon the everlasting gods. And they clad her in lovely raiment, a wonder to see.
This was the song the famous minstrel sang; and Odysseus listened and was glad at heart, and likewise did the Phaeacians, of the long oars, those mariners renowned.
Then Alcinous bade Halius and Laodamas dance alone, for none ever contended with them. So when they had taken in their hands the goodly ball of purple hue, that cunning Polybus had wrought for them, the one would bend backwards, and throw it towards the shadowy clouds; and the other would leap upward from the earth, and catch it lightly in his turn, before his feet touched the ground. Now after they had made trial of throwing the ball straight up, the twain set to dance upon the bounteous earth, tossing the ball from hand to hand, and the other youths stood by the lists and beat time, and a great din uprose.
Then it was that goodly Odysseus spake unto Alcinous: My lord Alcinous, most notable among all the people, thou didst boast thy dancers to be the best in the world, and lo, thy words are fulfilled; I wonder as I look on them.
So spake he, and the mighty king Alcinous rejoiced and spake at once among the Phaeacians, masters of the oar:
Hearken, ye captains and counsellors of the Phaeacians, this stranger seems to me a wise man enough. Come then, let us give him a strangers gift, as is meet. Behold, there are twelve glorious princes who rule among this people and bear sway, and I myself am the thirteenth. Now each man among you bring a fresh robe and a doublet, and a talent of fine gold, and let us speedily carry all these gifts together, that the stranger may take them in his hands, and go to supper with a glad heart. As for Euryalus, let him yield amends to the man himself with soft speech and with a gift, for his was no gentle saying.
So spake he, and they all assented thereto, and would have it so. And each one sent forth his henchman to fetch his gift, and Euryalus answered the king and spake, saying:
My lord Alcinous, most notable among all the people, I will make atonement to thy guest according to thy word. I will give him a hanger all of bronze, with a silver hilt thereto, and a sheath of fresh-sawn ivory covers it about, and it shall be to him a thing of price.
Therewith he puts into his hands the hanger dight with silver, and uttering his voice spake to him winged words: Hail, stranger and father; and if aught grievous hath been spoken, may the storm-winds soon snatch and bear it away. But may the gods grant thee to see thy wife and come to thine own country, for all too long has thou endured affliction away from thy friends.
And Odysseus of many counsels answered him saying: Thou too, my friend, all hail; and may the gods vouchsafe thee happiness, and mayst thou never miss this sword which thou hast given me, thou that with soft speech hast yielded me amends.
He spake and hung about his shoulders the silver-studded sword. And the sun sank, and the noble gifts were brought him. Then the proud henchmen bare them to the palace of Alcinous, and the sons of noble Alcinous took the fair gifts, and set them by their reverend mother. And the mighty king Alcinous led the way, and they came in and sat them down on the high seats. And the mighty Alcinous spake unto Arete:
Bring me hither, my lady, a choice coffer, the best thou hast, and thyself place therein a fresh robe and a doublet, and heat for our guest a cauldron on the fire, and warm water, that after the bath the stranger may see all the gifts duly arrayed which the noble Phaeacians bare hither, and that he may have joy in the feast, and in hearing the song of the minstrelsy. Also I will give him a beautiful golden chalice of mine own, that he may be mindful of me all the days of his life when he poureth the drink-offering to Zeus and to the other gods.
So spake he, and Arete bade her handmaids to set a great cauldron on the fire with what speed they might. And they set the cauldron for the filing of the bath on the blazing fire, and poured water therein, and took faggots and kindled them beneath. So the fire began to circle round the belly of the cauldron, and the water waxed hot. Meanwhile Arete brought forth for her guest the beautiful coffer from the treasure chamber, and bestowed fair gifts therein, raiment and gold, which the Phaeacians gave him. And with her own hands she placed therein a robe and goodly doublet, and uttering her voice spake to him winged words:
Do thou now look to the lid, and quickly tie the knot, lest any man spoil thy goods by the way, when presently thou fallest on sweet sleep travelling in thy black ship.
Now when the steadfast goodly Odysseus heard his saying, forthwith he fixed on the lid, and quickly tied the curious knot which the lady Circe on a time had taught him. Then straightway the housewife bade him go to the bath and bathe him, and he saw the warm water and was glad, for he was not wont to be so cared for, from the day that he left the house of fair-tressed Calypso, but all that while he had comfort continually as a god.
Now after the maids had bathed him and anointed him with olive oil, and had cast a fair mantle and a doublet upon him, he stept forth from the bath, and went to be with the chiefs at their wine. And Nausicaa, dowered with beauty by the gods, stood by the pillar of the well-builded hall, and marvelled at Odysseus, beholding him before her eyes, and she uttered her voice and spake to him winged words:
Farewell, stranger, and even in thine own country bethink thee of me upon a time, for that to me first thou owest the ransom of life.And Odysseus of many counsels answered her saying: Nausicaa, daughter of great-hearted Alcinous, yea, may Zeus, the thunderer, the lord of Here, grant me to reach my home and see the day of my returning; so would I, even there, do thee worship as to a god, all my days for evermore, for thou, lady, hast given me my life.
He spake and sat him in the high seat by king Alcinous. And now they were serving out the portions and mixing the wine. Then the henchmen drew nigh leading the sweet minstrel, Demodocus, that was had in honour of the people. So he set him in the midst of the feasters, and made him lean against a tall column. Then to the henchman spake Odysseus of many counsels, for he had cut off a portion of the chine of a white-toothed boar, whereon yet more was left, with rich fat on either side:
Lo, henchman, take this mess, and hand it to Demodocus, that he may eat, and I will bid him hail, despite my sorrow. For minstrels from all men on earth get their meed of honour and worship; inasmuch as the Muse teacheth them the paths of song, and loveth the tribe of minstrels.
Thus he spake, and the henchman bare the mess, and set it upon the knees of the lord Demodocus, and he took it, and was glad at heart. Then they stretched forth their hands upon the good cheer set before them. Now after they had put from them the desire of meat and drink, then Odysseus of many counsels spake to Demodocus, saying:
Demodocus, I praise thee far above all mortal men, whether it be the Muse, the daughter of Zeus, that taught thee, or even Apollo, for right duly dost thou chant the faring of the Achaeans, even all that they wrought and suffered, and all their travail, as if, methinks, thou hadst been present, or heard the tale from another. Come now, change thy strain, and sing of the fashioning of the horse of wood, which Epeius made by the aid of Athene, even the guileful thing, that goodly Odysseus led up into the citadel, when he had laden it with the men who wasted Ilios. If thou wilt indeed rehearse me this aright, so will I be thy witness among all men, how the god of his grace hath given thee the gift of wondrous song.
So spake he, and the minstrel, being stirred by the god, began and showed forth his minstrelsy. He took up the tale where it tells how the Argives of the one part set fire to their huts, and went aboard their decked ships and sailed away, while those others, the fellowship of renowned Odysseus, were now seated in the assembly-place of the Trojans, all hidden in the horse, for the Trojans themselves had dragged him to the citadel. So the horse stood there, while seated all around him the people spake many things confusedly and three ways their counsel looked; either to cleave the hollow timber with the pitiless spear, or to drag it to the brow of the hill, and hurl it from the rocks, or to leave it as a mighty offering to appease the gods. And on this wise it was to be at the last. For the doom was on them to perish when their city should have closed upon the great horse of wood, wherein sat all the bravest of the Argives, bearing to the Trojans death and destiny. And he sang how the sons of the Achaeans poured forth from the horse, and left the hollow lair, and sacked the burg. And he sang how and where each man wasted the town, and of Odysseus, how he went like Ares to the house of Deiphobus with godlike Menelaus. It was there, he said, that Odysseus adventured the most grievous battle, and in the end prevailed, by grace of great-hearted Athene.
This was the song that the famous minstrel sang. But the heart of Odysseus melted, and the tear wet his cheeks beneath the eye-lids. And as a woman throws herself wailing about her dead lord, who hath fallen before his city and the host, warding from his town and his children the pitiless day; and she beholds him dying and drawing difficult breath, and embracing his body wails aloud, while the foemen behind smite her with spears on back and shoulders and lead her up into bondage to bear labour and trouble, and with the most pitiful grief her cheeks are wasted; even so pitifully fell the tears beneath the brows of Odysseus. Now none of all the company marked him weeping; but Alcinous alone noted it, and was ware thereof, as he sat nigh him and heard him groaning heavily. And presently he spake among the Phaeacians, masters of the oar:
Hearken, ye captains and counsellors of the Phaeacians, and now let Demodocus hold his hand from the loud lyre, for this song of his is nowise pleasing alike to all. From the time that we began to sup, and that the divine minstrel was moved to sing, ever since hath yonder stranger never ceased from woeful lamentation: sore grief, methinks, hath encompassed his heart. Nay, but let the minstrel cease, that we may all alike make merry, hosts and guest, since it is far meeter so. For all these things are ready for the sake of the honourable stranger, even the convoy and the loving gifts which we give him out of our love. In a brothers place stand the stranger and the suppliant, to him whose wits have even a little range, wherefore do thou too hide not now with crafty purpose aught whereof I ask thee; it were more meet for thee to tell it out. Say, what is the name whereby they called thee at home, even thy father and thy mother, and others thy townsmen and the dwellers round about? For there is none of all mankind nameless, neither the mean man nor yet the noble, from the first hour of his birth, but parents bestow a name on every man so soon as he is born. Tell me too of thy land, thy township, and thy city, that our ships may conceive of their course to bring thee thither. For the Phaeacians have no pilots nor any rudders after the manner of other ships, but their barques themselves understand the thoughts and intents of men; they know the cities and fat fields of every people, and most swiftly they traverse the gulf of the salt sea, shrouded in mist and cloud, and never do they go in fear of wreck or ruin. Howbeit I heard upon a time this word thus spoken by my father Nausithous, who was wont to say that Poseidon was jealous of us for that we give safe escort to all men. He said that the god would some day smite a well-wrought ship of the Phaeacians as she came home from a convoy over the misty deep, and would overshadow our city with a great mountain. Thus that ancient one would speak, and thus the god may bring it about, or leave it undone, according to the good pleasure of his will. But come now, declare me this and plainly tell it all; whither wast thou borne wandering, and to what shores of men thou camest; tell me of the people and of their fair-lying cities, of those whoso are hard and wild and unjust, and of those likewise who are hospitable and of a god-fearing mind. Declare, too, wherefore thou dost weep and mourn in spirit at the tale of the faring of the Argive Danaans and the lay of Ilios. All this the gods have fashioned, and have woven the skein of death for men, that there might be a song in the ears even of the folk of aftertime. Hadst thou even a kinsman by marriage that fell before Ilios, a true man, a daughters husband or wifes father, such as are nearest us after those of our own stock and blood? Or else, may be, some loving friend, a good man and true; for a friend with an understanding heart is no whit worse than a brother.
Note 1.
The distance here indicated seems to be that which the mule goes in ploughing, without pausing to take breath. [
· [
Top 150
] ·
World Lit


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Master of Liberal Studies (MLS)
- We are not currently enrolling students. This program has been suspended.
- MLS provides a broad based, interdisciplinary course of study. It's goal is the development of critical thinking, clear communication, and integration of knowledge.
- MLS is designed for college graduates desiring a master's degree that will strengthen their general education.
- MLS is designed for busy adults. The program's courses are scheduled in the late afternoon and evenings. Also, the program provides a flexible timetable for meeting graduation requirements.
- MLS will expand professional advancement and/or opportunities by developing within the student a deeper understanding of the creative impulse, the need for clear communication, the benefit of accepting the varying perspectives of humans, and more.
- The MLS program features outstanding faculty and individualized advising.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
California English Muffin Burger
Indulge in our California English Muffin Burger. This layered bite packs a punch.
4 Thomas'® Original English Muffins, split
12 oz. lean ground beef
1 egg, slightly beaten
4 slices Havarti cheese
1 red tomato, thinly sliced
1 red onion, thinly sliced
1 large avocado, halved and sliced
Salt and pepper ground beef mix with 1 egg. Form into 4 patties. Add to refrigerator and let cool for 10 minutes. Preheat a lightly oiled grill over moderate heat and grill burgers until cooked through, about 6 to 7 minutes per side, topping them with cheese during the last 2 minutes of cooking. Transfer to plate as cooked. Layer tomatoes, burger patties, red onions, and avocado on each English muffin. Top and enjoy!


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100s of fantastic projects to make with or for your kids, to suit all skills and all illustrated with our famous beautiful instructions
Useful stuff you'll need
Wizardry and Magic
The Dragonry
Make Toys from Junk
Circus Giraffe's Boxcar
Circus Train Cage Car
Steam train tender
Hubble Space Telescope
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Jellyfishguy's bottle cap beetle
Mini USB Batman spotlight
Giant Black Widow Spider
Steampunk tennis rackets
Kokeshi Doll
Ratchet's Spaceship
Spooky Flowers
Micro Tin Cans
Formula 1 Racing Car
Space Vase
Space Flowers
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Cardboard Crossbow
Bell Huey Helicopter
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Craft Projects
Fabulous Paper Planes
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The Funkiest Pom Poms
Handmade Envelopes
Advanced Models
Your Models
Dinosaur Egg Fossil
Jellyfishguy's bottle cap beetle
Cola Tiffany Lamp
Batman Spotlight
PYO Jam making labels
Cautionary Tales For Children
Wonderful witty poems great for reading to your children. The stories and rhymes will stay with them for the rest of their lives.
Research has shown how important YOU are to your children and how as a dad the things you do, and keep on doing, really count,
whether you live with them, or you are a single dad and are only able see them once a month, once a week or more, what you do really matters. This site is dedicated to all dads but will be of special relevance to the single dad. Remember, you are half the reason your children exist and they need you whether you live with them or not. As their dad, you have what it takes to make their lives successful and fulfilling no matter how often you see them. This site is about all the positive things that we as parents have to offer our children.
Space Flowers
Half pompoms, the simplest and quickest introduction to pompoms make great space flowers
Any old bits of wool? Use them up like this. This really has to be the easiest pompom ever, and that's becuase it is a half pompom. Because of this, even small children can easily make one of these. No pompom ring is needed, all you have to do is wrap the wool round a piece of card, and You dont need much to make a Space Flower.
You don't even need wool!
You could try plastic carrier (grocery)bags or sandwich bags, plastic bin-liners or even string to make the pompom flower heads. Have a look at the
Spooky Flowers
project to see what a plastic bag pompom can look like (although that project uses a whole, traditionally made pompom). Once you have made the flower heads, all you'll need is an old bottle cap and a piece of wire coat hanger and you can make a flower in about five minutes. Make a whole bunch with all differnt colours, they make great ornaments and lovely gifts.
Cut the coat hanger into a long piece and bend it straight so that you can choose a range of different lengths for your flowers.
We can't wait to see the pictures of what youve made. Kids love it when the things you made together are published, so
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To give you the higest quality and the shortest download time, most of our downloads are supplied in Adobe PDF format for your convenience. Adobe Reader is standard on most computers, but if you do not have it, you can get the most up to date version free from Adobe,
If you enjoyed this project, just by clicking you can tell others via these websites:
Make toys from junk
You can make the most incredible toys using just about any old junk. Kids love things to be quick, so get busy with a
glue gun
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In fact, it must be said, often they have more play value than expensive shop bought toys.. Don't worry if you don't have exactly the same junk as us, making things from junk is not an exact science; let your creativity and problem solving skills show through. When making from junk there are no rules. Start collecting empty packaging right now and within a week or two you'll have enough to build your first model from Junk.
Making stuff from junk is a great way to recycle your rubbish, and very soon, just like your children, when you see an empty ice cream carton, a wire coat hanger, or a used Tetrapak you won't see rubbish, you'll see a rocket port, a ship, or a dog kennel.
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text:
The 4 King Chiefs * Excerpt from Marceau French Historical Fiction Novel
by thelma benison on Nov.04, 2013, under French Historical Fiction, Occult, Young Adult
"The manuscripts make no mention as to how one changes from man to spirit. I have been looking for such an answer all this time. And these are the 72 mighty Kings and Princes commanded into this vessel of brass together with their legions. Belial, Bileth, Asmoday and Gaap were the four King Chiefs. Their souls were bound into this vessel because of their pride and for no other reason", said Max.
Excerpt from Marceau French Historical Fiction Novel copyright 2012 #Histfict #Occult #YA
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If you haven't already heard, Boombotix makes ultra light and LOUD portable speakers. There also connect through bluetooth as well as a mini cable (they can be daisy chained together) and can play while being plugged in while charging.
July 29th, their latest model the Boombotix Rex is being released in limited supply honor one of our own: Bike Courier extriodinaire NYC's Kevin "Squid" Bolger.
Available July 29th, Boombotix will release 300 limited edition models of the Cyclehawk Boombot REX. The Cyclehawk Boombot REX features artwork from NYC bike messenger, Kevin "Squid" Bolger. Fans can purchase the Boombot REX for $120 USD.
In two months, Boombotix will release 300 additional releases of the newest Boombot REX.
The Cyclehawk Boombot REX Limited Edition is part of Kevin "Squid" Bolger's partnership with Boombotix. Bolger was one of Boombotix's first team riders.
To transform Bolger's Cyclehawk design to fite the Boombot REX, Bolger worked with Chombo during the design process. Chombo is a mechanic at Red Lantern Bicycles in Brooklyn.
–About Kevin "Squid" Bolger
Bolger is one of the most veteran bike messengers in the NYC area, and has been interviewed in multiple publications.


text:
Hamilton County, TN Courts System
If you have questions about any court related services, please contact the court that owns the data. Example: "I want to know when my court date is in Criminal Court". You would contact the Criminal Court where your case is being tried. You can locate that contact information by clicking on the links to the right.
Hours: Monday - Friday
8:00 am - 4:00pm
these holidays
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Chancery Court
Clerk & Master
The Chancery Court handles cases involving domestic relations, worker's compensation, estates, trusts, contracts, review of administrative action of governmental agencies and boards, collection of delinquent taxes, guardianships, and conservatorships, dissolution of partnerships and corporations, enforcement of liens, boundary lines, breach of contract, fraud, election contests, and other matters of a civil nature. The Clerk & Master handles the paperwork and fees associated with this court, and is sometimes called upon to act as a Chancellor to the court.
Circuit Court
Circuit Court Clerk
*Juror Information for Circuit Court
*Grand Juror Information
The Circuit Court hears cases such as appeals from lower courts, contract disputes, civil torts, condemnations, worker's compensation claims, joint petition minor settlements, name changes, adoptions and domestic matters like divorce to name a few. The Circuit Court Clerk handles the paperwork and fees associated with this court.
Criminal Court
Criminal Court Clerk
The Criminal Courts handle both Felony & Misdemeanor cases. Cases are scheduled in Criminal Court after an Indictment is issued by the Grand Jury, after an original Presentment or Information is issued, or after an appeal is granted from a lower court judgment. Criminal Court trials are usually juried trials, although a Criminal Court Judge may hear a case without a jury.
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Amendment To Written Plan Of Circuit And Chancery Courts For Gradual Recommencing Of In-Person Court Proceedings
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Amendment to COVID-19 Judicial District Plan
Hamilton County plan to reopen court approved by the Supreme Court
Supreme Court Order continuing suspension of in-person court proceedings and extension of deadlines
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Judicial Commissioners Listing
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The General Sessions Court has a Civil and a Criminal Division. The General Sessions Civil Division is a court of limited jurisdiction with no jury trials. A person may represent her/himself without an attorney.
The Criminal Division of General Sessions Courts only issue judgments for Misdemeanor criminal cases and traffic offenses. They have jurisdicion for Felony cases on a preliminary hearing basis to determine if there is sufficient cause for the case to be bound over to the Grand Jury. There are generally no juries in these Courts.
Juvenile Court
Juvenile Court Clerk
The Juvenile Court handles all cases in which a minor is involved. Children are referred to the Juvenile Court for reasons of delinquency, status offenses, and dependency and neglect issues. The Juvenile Court Clerk maintains and files all paperwork and fees for this court. They also act as a collection agent for the state to process child support.
District Attorney General
The goal of the Office of District Attorney General is to vigorously, competently, as well as fairly, prosecute individuals who choose to violate the criminal law in Hamilton County.This office also prosecutes all felony, state misdemeanor, and juvenile delinquency cases brought before the Hamilton County Juvenile Court. They represent crime victims in victim compensation hearings, and maintain and supervise the Victim Witness Assistance Program.
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text:
My environment: Windows Server 2016 with all updates applied
Image for Windows ver: 3.1.0
I installed Image for Windows on this machine and I can successfully make backups. The problem is, when I try to schedule a backup, setting the backup frequency and entering my login credentials for the schedule and try to save the schedule, it brings up a popup box that says "Windows 10 AU contains a bug that may prevent the task from running. Please enter the user password for the task to ensure the work-around is implemented". I enter my password and click OK, and the popup windows keeps opening over and over again asking for my password. The bottom line is due this problem, I am not able to schedule the job. This is really frustrating. Does anyone has any idea what is going on and what to do at this point? I am attaching an image of the popup.
By the way, Hibernation is disabled on this machine and Fast startup is not turned on (FYI)


text:
- We Extend Your Warranty
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3rd Row Seat,4-Wheel Disc Brakes,A/C,A/C,ABS,AM/FM Stereo,Adaptive Cruise Control,Adjustable Steering Wheel,All Wheel Drive,Aluminum Wheels,Automatic Headlights,Auxiliary Audio Input,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth Connection,Brake Assist,Bucket Seats,CD Player,Child Safety Locks,Climate Control,Cross-Traffic Alert,Cruise Control,Daytime Running Lights,Driver Adjustable Lumbar,Driver Air Bag,Driver Illuminated Vanity Mirror,Driver Vanity Mirror,Engine Immobilizer,Floor Mats,Front Head Air Bag,Front Side Air Bag,Generic Sun/Moonroof,HD Radio,Hard Disk Drive Media Storage,Heated Front Seat(s),Heated Mirrors,Integrated Turn Signal Mirrors,Intermittent Wipers,Keyless Entry,Keyless Entry,Keyless Start,Keyless Start,Knee Air Bag,Lane Departure Warning,Lane Departure Warning,Lane Keeping Assist,Leather Seats,Leather Steering Wheel,Locking/Limited Slip Differential,MP3 Player,MP3 Player,Mirror Memory,Mirror Memory,Multi-Zone A/C,Navigation System,Pass-Through Rear Seat,Passenger Adjustable Lumbar,Passenger Air Bag,Passenger Air Bag Sensor,Passenger Illuminated Visor Mirror,Passenger Vanity Mirror,Power Door Locks,Power Door Locks,Power Door Locks,Power Door Locks,Power Driver Seat,Power Folding Mirrors,Power Liftgate,Power Mirror(s),Power Passenger Seat,Power Steering,Power Windows,Power Windows,Premium Sound System,Privacy Glass,Rain Sensing Wipers,Rear A/C,Rear Bench Seat,Rear Defrost,Rear Head Air Bag,Rear Parking Aid,Rear Spoiler,Remote Engine Start,Remote Trunk Release,Remote Trunk Release,Requires Subscription,Satellite Radio,Seat Memory,Seat Memory,Security System,Smart Device Integration,Stability Control,Steering Wheel Audio Controls,Sun/Moonroof,Temporary Spare Tire,Tire Pressure Monitor,Tires - Front Performance,Tires - Rear Performance,Traction Control,Traction Control,Trip Computer,Trip Computer,Universal Garage Door Opener,Variable Speed Intermittent Wipers,Woodgrain Interior Trim
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text:
Spousal Support
This story appears in the April 1998 issue of . Subscribe »
Couples who run homebased businesses together can enjoy big benefits, but all marriages pack a potential for problems. Add a homebased business partnership to the mix, and sparks can fly. Scott Gregory and Shirley Siluk Gregory, co-authors of The Home Team: How Couples Can Make a Life and Living by Working at Home (Panda Publishing, $22.95, 888-447-2632), say to avoid these five potential traps to help both your marriage and your business thrive:
1. Misplaced priorities. Your relationship should always take priority over your business. If the company becomes more important than your marriage, you could be headed for big trouble.
2. Overworking. It takes hard work to make a business succeed, but be sure to take time for nonwork activities.
3. Poor communication. Couples must talk openly and frequently about issues affecting the marriage, home and business. It helps if partners clearly define family and business roles, divvying both up fairly to avoid hurt feelings.
4. Forgetting the big picture. It's easy to get bogged down in the crisis du jour. Couples must agree on goals for both family and business.
5. Conflicting personality styles. Diverging points of view can bring creativity and growth to both marriage and business. Think of your differences as opportunities, not roadblocks, and you'll find working together to iron them out brings great rewards.
Lynn H. Colwell is a business writer in Post Falls, Idaho.
Something To Hide?
While homebased businesses have mushroomed in recent years, some clients still question the professionalism of a homebased office. So should you reveal you're homebased?
It depends. In many cases, the nature of the business determines whether you should trumpet your homebased status. Customers also play a role: Consumers tend to be less concerned about working with homebased firms, while large companies may find it disturbing.
Beatriz T. Halbert, co-owner of The Sequoia Group Inc., an Atlanta facility operations and maintenance company, worked from home for three years. During that time, she never revealed her company's location.
"My research indicated [my clients] were interested in outsourcing to small companies, but they were uncomfortable outsourcing to a [homebased business]," Halbert says.
Parents of young children often find revealing the nature of their site is unavoidable. "Clients may call when a child is nagging me, so I always tell them I have a home office," says Judith Lederman, owner of JSL Publicity and Marketing Inc. in Irvington, New York.
Many entrepreneurs take the middle ground. "The larger businesses I work for may or may not know I work from home," says Pam Paris, owner of Paris Graphics, a computer graphic design firm in Hanover, Maryland. "I don't hide it, but if it doesn't come up, I don't broadcast it, either."
Card Tricks
You've already paid for them, and they don't do any good stashed in a drawer. Here are some ways to capitalize on your business cards:
- Post your business cards anywhere they're allowed--libraries, colleges, supermarkets.
- Get creative with your cards. If you're a private eye, for instance, how about slipping them between the pages of books in the local law library?
- Never pass up a chance to pass out your cards. Whenever you pay for gas or make a purchase in a store, if you think the salesperson could use your product or service or might know someone who could, give him or her your card.
- Include business cards when you pay bills by mail. You never know whether the person opening your bill might need your service.
You can benefit from potential customers' business cards, too. Here's how: Contact a local restaurant or business that complements yours. Ask if you can place a fishbowl near the cash register. (If necessary, barter your service or product in exchange.) Post a sign on the fishbowl inviting customers to drop in their business cards to be included in a weekly (or daily) drawing for a prize.
If you run a catering service, for example, the grand prize winner could get 50 percent off a catered dinner party. Offer 15 percent off the first order to anyone who enters. Once you collect the cards, start calling to remind participants about the discount.
Contact Sources
JSL Publicity and Marketing, (800) 575-3263, firstname.lastname@example.com
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Dude, I can ship you 10 unused N-95s I have left over from when I did mold remediation, if you want.
Dude, when did you get married?
Thanks Housh
It has, thanks for inquiring.
I'm really looking forward to the start of the NFL season, actually more than ever now that Al is no longer with the Raiders.
Take care my friend......
It is, now that you've posted on my wall
How's the professional health guru doing? Maybe I shouldn't mention it, but I see that Hayden is in some tv series (I think) coming soon. You can disregard this, if you no longer have the vibes for her!
Seriously, we miss you here......but then again, there are tons of things to be doing...out there. Live and enjoy!
~^~ Thought your wall needed decorating ~^~
You have been sharked
Your visitor wall is pretty plain man...how's it going?
team preacher
Bench Warmer
First Year Fan 1974
Football Immortal
gEt WrEcKeD!!!
Madam Chomp


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|Afghan soldiers fire at Spanish troops: Taliban
|[Iran Press TV] Taliban say Afghan soldiers have opened fire on Spanish forces in the latest "insider" attack in the western part of war-torn Afghanistan, Press TV reports.
The attack took place in the Karkh district of the Herat
...a venerable old Persian-speaking city in western Afghanistan, populated mostly by Tadjiks, which is why it's not as blood-soaked as areas controlled by Pashtuns...
province late on Monday when two Afghan Army soldiers turned their weapons on Spanish troopers and injured at least three of them.
A local security official said on condition of anonymity that the Afghan soldiers belong to the 3rd brigade of the Afghan National Army in the province.
Taliban Spokesman Qari Yusuf Ahmadi, however, claimed that the Afghan soldiers joined the krazed killer group and that they killed at least four foreign troopers in the attack.
|Posted by:Fred


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In a recent interview with Entertainment Tonight, Mark Hamill spoke at length regarding his involvement with Star Wars: Episode VII. Yesterday, Showbiz 411 reported that Hamill, Carrie Fisher, and Harrison Ford were all set to return, although an earlier report said a deal with Ford wouldn't be closed for weeks or possibly months. In this case, it's best to go straight to the source, and Hamill confirmed his earlier comments that George Lucas wanted to know if they were interested, and that the filmmakers have been talking to them. Lucas also told Hamill that if they didn't want to do the sequels, "they wouldn't cast another actor in our parts; they would write us out." And on that day, George Lucas finally did something right again. Hamill went on to say, "I can tell you right away that we haven't signed any contracts. We're in the stage where they want us to go in and meet with Michael Arndt, who is the writer, and Kathleen Kennedy, who is going to run Lucasfilm." Hamill added "Both have had meetings set that were postponed — on their end, not mine. They're more busy than I am."
Hit the jump for much more including what Hamill assumes will happen with the characters, other actors he'd like to see return, and the visual style of the sequels.
Speaking to Entertainment Tonight [via CS], Hamill strongly hinted at how Luke will be depicted in the sequel:
"I'm assuming—because I haven't talked to the writers—that these movies would be about our offspring, like my character would be sort of in the Obi-wan range [as] an influential character. When I found out [while making the original trilogy] that ultimate good news/bad news joke the good news is there's a real attractive, hot girl in the universe; the bad news is she's your sister. I thought, 'Well, I'm going to wind up like Sir Alec [Guinness]. I'm going to be a lonely old hermit living out in some kind of desert igloo with a couple of robots.'"
Of course, Obi-wan was in a self-imposed exile, but since the Empire was defeated at the end of Return of the Jedi, I don't see why Luke would have to live out in a desert igloo with droids.
However, it sounds like Hamill would prefer if the new movies wouldn't be quite so dark:
"I said to George that I wanted to go back to the way it was, in the sense that ours was much more carefree and lighthearted and humorous, in my opinion, anyway….hope they find the right balance of CGI with practical effects. I love props, I love models, miniatures, matte paintings — I'm sort of old school. I think if you go too far in the direction of CGI it winds up looking like just a giant a video game, and that's unfortunate. If they listen to me at all, it'll be, 'Lighten up and go retro with the way it looks.'"
I think plenty of fans agree with Hamill, but that approach seems unlikely since the demands of what moviegoers want in terms of spectacle can only be served with massive amounts of CGI even though the original trilogy holds up perfectly fine. Hopefully, they find the "right balance of CGI and practical effects" rather than the green-screen heavy world of the prequels.
Hamill would also prefer some throwbacks in terms of bringing back more than Luke, Leia, and Han Solo:
"Another thing I'd want to make sure of is are we going to have the whole gang back? Is Carrie and Harrison and Billy Dee [Lando Calrissian] and Tony Daniels [C-3PO], everybody that's around from the original [returning]? I want to make sure that everybody's on board here, rather than just one."
That's a very thoughtful sentiment, although I think once you get past Luke, Leia, and Han Solo, it may be tougher to bring back outside characters in terms of where they would fit into the story. Perhaps past the point of Luke, Leia, and Han, you have old supporting characters reduced to cameos in order to make way for the new characters.
Michael Arndt is working on the pic's screenplay as we speak, and once Star Trek Into Darkness opens in May, Abrams will be able to devote his full attention to Star Wars for the next 2-3 years. As such, we should be hearing some more solid information regarding Star Warslater this summer.
Click here to catch up on all of our Star Wars coverage, or peruse the recent links below:
- John Williams Hoping to Score New STAR WARS Films
- Harrison Ford Set to Return to Play Han Solo in STAR WARS: EPISODE VII?
- STAR WARS Screenwriters Lawrence Kasdan and Simon Kinberg Talk STAR WARS: EPISODE VII; Frank Oz Willing to Return to Voice Yoda
- Watch Steve Talk About STAR WARS Spinoff Movies, DIE HARD 6, SPIDER-MAN, the STAR TREK Sequel and More
- RUMOR: John Noble Circling Villain Role in STAR WARS: EPISODE VII? Plus, Concept Art for Young Han Solo from STAR WARS: EPISODE III
- Editorial: Need STAR WARS Spinoffs Featuring Old Characters, We Don't
- STAR WARS Spinoff Films Include a Boba Fett Movie and a Young Han Solo Film
- Disney Confirms Standalone STAR WARS Films
- Rumor: First Standalone STAR WARS Movie Centers on Yoda
- THE COLLISION: Episode 35 – J.J. Abrams and STAR WARS
- Producer Kathleen Kennedy Explains How She Got J.J. Abrams to Direct STAR
- ARS: EPISODE VII; Won't Confirm 2015 Release
- STAR WARS News: Film Might Have Female Protagonist; Abrams Comments on Getting the Gig; May Not Have Agreed to 2015 Release
- It's Official: J.J. Abrams Will Direct & Produce STAR WARS: EPISODE VII; Lawrence Kasdan & Simon Kinberg Consulting on the Film


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Selling Happiness by the Pound (Jun, 1924)
Selling Happiness by the Pound
Modern Carnivals Carry Mechanical, Joy-Making Devices to Hundreds of Towns Every Week in Steel Trains
JOY is sold by the pound throughout the summer and fall by carnivals and traveling amusement expositions in every village, town and city, the length and breadth of the United States and Canada. Happiness is dispensed by them with a consistency akin to that shown by any great business enterprise. Scores of mechanical entertaining devices, thrill- giving rides, glittering midways of "wonders, curiosities and strange people from the four corners of the earth," and miles of bunting are by no means a matter of chance even if they do appear as though summoned by a magician's wand. All of these things are the result of organized effort and are available at fixed prices which vary literally according to the weight of the shipment required by any community. A few years ago forty-one carnivals were touring the country. There are over two hundred today. Each one owns it own steel train of double – length cars, and represents an investment of from $20,000 to $300,000. It is now a business in which millions of dollars are invested. Looked at in perspective, the carnival world presents almost as great an undertaking as the motion – picture industry. Like the movies and baseball, it has a censor. Tom Johnson, a Chicago lawyer, is the dictator of this form of amusement. He is the Will Hays of the movies and the Landis of baseball to some 200,000 employes of carnivaldom. In addition, each state has its own local deputy who reports on his territory. Should anything untoward be discovered, the offender is forever barred from exhibiting in the United States and Canada.
When a carnival comes for a week's engagement, the town puts on gala attire and attends. Although the exhibits appear spontaneously, not a single detail has been left to chance. Advance agents, who travel during the winter months, have perfected all arrangements. Thus it happens that from fifteen to forty cars of amusement steam into a railroad siding, unload their glittering wonders and set up for a week's stay. The carnival, unlike the circus, is absolutely forced to remain six or seven days at each exhibition point. It is unlike the circus in that it cannot move its many complicated riding devices and make money when it stays a shorter period.
Usually these amusements are conducted upon the community plan. The various rides, shows and concessions are all owned by separate individuals, who in turn are responsible to the general manager. Each owner pays his own help, own electric-light bills and boards himself as well as those employed by him. Every night the profits of the day are turned over to the treasurer, who at the end of the week, after deducting various expenses such as ground rent, pays each individual his share.
Just a few years ago, the carnival loaded its paraphernalia onto freight and box cars. Then it was the duty of the ad-vance agent to have wagons and horses ready to transfer the properties to the grounds. This was known as "gilling." Today, the carnival carries its own baggage horses, wagons and, generally, two or three tractors. The wagons roll up on the fiat cars, circus-fashion, and are unloaded the same way.
Such thrills as riding a ferris wheel, an aeroplane swing, or a caterpillar could never be experienced in the average city and town, were it not for the carnivals. They bring, direct to the doorstep of everyone, that first wonderful sensation that comes from mounting high in the air and being whirled about at record speed. A trip along the midway takes one through a replica of "King Tut's Tomb;" lets you shake hands with midgets; peer up at tremendous live giants; have your fortune told; take a "trip to Mars"; see yourself in innumerable odd-shaped mirrors; enjoy the wonders of "the crazy house," consisting of falling stairs and undulating floors, or go whirling about on "the whip," and a multitude of other mechanical aids to happy laughter.


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The Food and Drug Administration on Thursday approved the first treatment to give limited vision to people who are blind, involving a technology called the "artificial retina."
With it, people with certain types of blindness can detect crosswalks on the street, burners on a stove, the presence of people or cars, and sometimes even oversized numbers or letters.
The artificial retina is a sheet of electrodes surgically implanted in the eye. The patient is also outfitted with a pair of glasses with an attached camera and a portable video processor. These elements together allow visual signals to bypass the damaged portion of the retina and be transmitted to the brain. The F.D.A. approval covers this integrated system, which the manufacturer calls Argus II.
The approval marks the first milestone in a new frontier in vision research, a field in which scientists are making strides with gene therapy, optogenetics, stem cells and other strategies.
"This is just the beginning," said Grace Shen, director of the retinal diseases program at the National Eye Institute, which helped finance the artificial retina research and is supporting many other blindness therapy projects. "We have a lot of exciting things sitting in the wings, multiple approaches being developed now to address this."
With the artificial retina or retinal prosthesis, a blind person cannot see in the conventional sense, but can identify outlines and boundaries of objects, especially when there is contrast between light and dark — fireworks against a night sky or black socks mixed with white ones in the laundry.
"Without the system, I wouldn't be able to see anything at all, and if you were in front of me and you moved left and right, I'm not going to realize any of this," said Elias Konstantopolous, 74, a retired electrician in Baltimore, one of about 50 Americans and Europeans who have been using the device in clinical trials for several years. He said it helps him differentiate curbs from asphalt roads, and detect contours, but not details, of cars, trees and people. "When you don't have nothing, this is something. It's a lot."
The F.D.A. approved Argus II, made by Second Sight Medical Products, to treat people with severe retinitis pigmentosa, a group of inherited diseases in which photoreceptor cells, which take in light, deteriorate.
The first version of the implant had a sheet of 16 electrodes, but the current version has 60. A tiny camera mounted on eyeglasses captures images, and the video processor, worn on a belt, translates those images into pixelized patterns of light and dark. The processor transmits those signals to the electrodes, which send them along the optic nerve to the brain.
About 100,000 Americans have retinitis pigmentosa, but initially between 10,000 and 15,000 will likely qualify for the Argus II, according to the company. The F.D.A. says that up to 4,000 people a year can be treated with the device. That number represents people who are older than 25, who once had useful vision, have evidence of an intact inner retinal layer, have at best very limited light perception in the retina, and are so visually impaired that the device would prove an improvement. Second Sight will begin making Argus II available later this year.
But experts said the technology holds promise for other people who are blind, especially those with advanced age-related macular degeneration, the major cause of vision loss in older people, affecting about two million Americans. About 50,000 of them are currently severely impaired enough that the artificial retina would be helpful, said Dr. Robert Greenberg, Second Sight's president and chief executive.
In Europe, Argus II received approval in 2011 to treat a broader group of people, those with severe blindness caused by any type of outer retinal degeneration, not just retinitis pigmentosa, although it is currently only marketed in Europe for that condition. In the U.S., additional clinical trials need to be completed before the company can seek broader FDA approval.
Eventually, Dr. Greenberg said, the plan is to implant electrodes not in the eye, but directly into the brain's visual cortex. "That would allow us to address blindness from all causes," he said.
Initially, the artificial retina will be available at seven hospitals in five states: New York, California, Texas, Maryland and Pennsylvania. It will cost about $150,000, not including the surgery and training sessions to use the device. Second Sight said it was optimistic that insurance would cover it.
Developed over 20 years by Dr. Mark S. Humayun, an ophthalmologist and biomedical engineer at the University of Southern California's Doheny Retinal Institute, the artificial retina was inspired by cochlear implants for the deaf. Some financing came from a cochlear implant maker and other private sources, but about $100 million was provided by the National Eye Institute, the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy, all federal agencies.
Dr. Humayun said he envisioned applying the technology to other conditions than blindness, implanting electrodes in other parts of the body to address bladder control problems, perhaps, or spinal paralysis.
"We don't think of the human body as an electrical grid, but it runs off electrical impulses," he said.
The Argus II has had relatively few safety problems, mostly post-surgical infections and occasional erosions of a thin layer in the eye that covered the implant. Those problems have been addressed, Dr. Greenberg said, and only two people needed to have the implant removed. An F.D.A. advisory panel voted unanimously last September to recommend approval, finding that benefits outweighed the risks.
Some patients experience more improvement than others, for reasons the company has not been able to determine. Kathy Blake of Fountain Valley, Calif., said she has had success with a Second Sight exercise to see if patients can identify large numbers or letters on a computer screen.
Dean Lloyd, a lawyer in Palo Alto, Calif., said he initially wondered, "Is it really worth all the time and expense? I, at first, did not think so." Early on, only nine electrodes were working, but over time his implant was adjusted so more electrodes responded, and now 52 of them work. He can see flashes of color, something not every patient can, and he wears the glasses and video processor constantly.
"If I don't wear it, it's like I don't have my pants on," he said. "I've even fallen asleep with the blooming thing."
Stephen Rose, the chief research officer for the Foundation Fighting Blindness, which supported Dr. Humayun's very early work but has not financed it since, said the artificial retina would eventually be only one of the options to help blind people.
"I think there are tremendous possibilities," he said. "I'm not downplaying the retinal prosthesis, don't get me wrong. It's huge for some individuals, and it's here now."
Barbara Campbell, 59, relishes how the device helps her navigate Manhattan streets, locate her Upper East Side bus stop, and spot her apartment building's foyer light while riding in a taxi.
Most exciting, though, is how it enhances her experience of museums, theater and concerts.
At a performance by Rod Stewart, "I could definitely see his hair," she said, which was white-blond under the lights. At a concert by Diana Ross, even though Ms. Campbell sat far away from the stage, she said Ms. Ross "was wearing a sparkly outfit, and I could see her."
No such luck at a performance by James Taylor, though. His low-key clothing created no contrast for the artificial retina to register. Alas, Ms. Campbell said, "He wasn't so sparkly."


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Many of you will be aware of how the above question applied to the Roman Empire during Monty Python's Life of Brian…
I was reminded to apply the same question to Europeans in general as part of an investigation into the future of work being undertaken for a client. The findings to date predict a truly global and "frictionless" marketplace where, by 2020, skills and experience will be matched with job profiles and budgets through a sort of "global employment dashboard", probably residing somewhere in the Cloud.
How will Europe compete in such a competitive environment? Well, it certainly won't be on cost…
Europeans will have to find clear distinction; what they are good at, where their value lies in order to compete in an increasingly frictionless market.
To this end, my colleagues and I have been trying to compile a list of sectors, expertise, and markets where Europe really excels. These are areas where skills and heritage built up over centuries give Europe an unassailable competitive advantage.
First, we start with the serious list; by 2020, Europeans will still be in a position of competitive advantage in the following:
- London is the world's largest financial centre
- Europe remains the world's largest exporter of aerospace products and equipment (Europe: $120bn vs. USA: $81bn)
- France remains the world's #1 tourist destination
- 80% of the world's most valuable global brands are either French or Italian
- Europe produces more than 427 hectolitres of beer per year – more than China and the USA (393hl and 234hl respectively)
- 9 out of 10 of the world's most valuable watch brands are European
- Spain, France and Italy are the world's largest wine producers
Next, the list of slightly less serious areas where the Europeans excel however:
- Beer drinking – NINE of the top ten beer consuming countries are European
- Nude sunbathing – NINE of the world's top ten best nudist beaches are European
- Academic heritage – all TEN of the world's oldest universities still operating are European
- Paid vacation – European countries account for NINE of the top ten in terms of statutory paid holidays given to employees
- Miss World winners – since its inauguration in 1951, more winners have come from Europe than any other continent
I'd love to hear from you if you have any suggestions for either list. So in 2020, when the question arises, "What have the Europeans ever done for us?" we'll have our answers ready!


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TV's Bret Baier '92 "At the Top of His Game"
April 2, 2013
"Bret Baier is at the top of his game: His Fox News show, Special Report with Bret Baier, has been the No. 1 news program on TV for 50 consecutive months (a feat only achieved by a small handful of news anchors) and he's gotten the chance to sit down with some major political players -- including President Obama," begins a feature on the 1992 DePauw University published in Splash, a supplement to the Chicago Sun-Times.
Baier tells the publication, "It's been quite a ride," adding, "Covering Washington is like drinking from a fire hose: It's nonstop news."
The piece notes Baier's philanthropy, pointing out that he'll be "coming back to Chicago in June to emcee the Saving Tiny Hearts gala, which raises money for congenital heart defect research."
Read more here. (at left: Baier with Bruce Stinebrickner, professor of political science at DePauw)
Bret Baier was an English (composition) and political science double major at DePauw, where he captained the golf team. He will return to campus to speak as part of the 175th Anniversary Distinguished Alumni Lecture Series.
A March 2008 Crain Lecture by Baier is covered here.Back


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Teaching Tolerance
By: Harriet Arnold
Abe, a diminutive six-year-old, returned to school after a two-day absence and discovered his Lego rocket ship had been dismantled, its pieces recycled to form other children's constructions. His eight classmates, all learning disabled children aged five, six, and seven, having responded to the musical theme which is the daily call to Morning Meeting, were gathering at the round table which serves as our classroom's social, academic, and emotional center. As the music ended, Abe screamed at a decibel level capable of reaching an outer planet, "My rocketship is destroyed!" and turned over the bin which contained enough Legos to build an adequate space station. The din was followed by a hush broken only by Abe's rageful sobs and screams. Moments passed before Tony offered the words which began the process of diffusing the tantrum "Abe, you're awful upset but you have to tolerate it." A flood of language followed as each of the children offered apologies, solace, and strategies.
Sally, whose perceptual and motoric delays made building anything difficult, empathized, "I hate when people touch my stuff." Ari, whose profound language, organizational, and attentional deficits impeded his own social abilities, turned his head and announced, "I'm ignoring this big tantrum."
"It's hard to tolerate this noise." Aaron stated as he grabbed his thumb in his fist and exhaled deeply.
Mark and Bill, the eldest and most socially appropriate of the group flashed knowing glances at each other as they said, "We're sorry, Abe. We'll help you rebuild it after Meeting."
This incident took place in February, after many months of direct instruction intended to teach children to understand their own emotions and feelings and those of others. This is long-term process but it is a necessity for the learning disabled child who is often overly sensitive to visual and auditory distractions, and can be overzealous in protecting personal space and property Abe's classmates did not begin the year with these skills. In September, a classmate's tantrum would have had a ripple effect, causing others to behave in equally inappropriate ways. Aaron, an exceedingly impulsive child and a literal interpreter of rules, would have likely responded by physically seeking to punish whomever had destroyed Abe's property Ari, unable to express his own discomfort, would have begun his own tantrum. Tony, who began the year terrified by such displays, would have tried to run from the room or bang his head on the floor. Others would have either withdrawn or crowded around, drawn as rubber-neckers to a ten car pile-up.
How did this transformation occur? It was the result of supplying strategies and language, placing the immediate problem in a context which the child could recognize, organize, and ultimately use to develop an appropriate solution. The adult's role was critical early in the process but diminished as the peer group learned to use these tools and modeled them in their own struggles.
The process
Very early in the year the children should be introduced to the concept of ignoring. This should be done during a regular discussion period, like meeting time or circle time, not during a crisis. I begin by telling the children that they have a very powerful tool right in their own brain. This tool can protect them from many things and they can use it anywhere and anytime. When they are rabid with anticipation I ask one of the more verbal children to say something mean to me. After assurances that my powerful tool will protect me, someone will tell me that I am stupid or dumb. Affecting a blank stare I whip my head away from the offender and maintain the pose for a few seconds. Triumphantly, I tell them that my powerful tool is ignoring, and it worked. Ignoring can be defined as pretending you cannot hear or see what someone is saying or doing. I then ask if they think they can ignore and we rehearse the action and role play. This must be done with volunteers, as some children may be too sensitive to tolerate being called a name, even in role playing. For those who do not volunteer, try to have them ignore a sound or a visual distraction. We practice the skill many times before it, is used in a real situation. When the children seem comfortable with the concept, choose a distracting situation which occurs during a full-group time. The sound of a jack-hammer under our window or other children walking noisily through the halls are neutral events which provide a good example for using the skill. Eventually, we use ignoring to screen out other's inappropriate behavior. For example, if Ari is singing to himself while we are reading a story, I will ask the group if they can ignore his behavior before I address Ari and offer him a strategy to help him stay focused.
Focusing tools are often relaxation techniques which also provide additional sensory input that may help the child to stop distracting, self-stimulating behaviors. Primary among these is a breathing technique akin to acupuncture and yoga. The child holds one thumb in the other fist while exhaling deeply. The technique is taught to a ditty sung to the tune of "If you're happy and you know it," replacing the lyrics with:
If you're silly and you know it
Grab your thumb
Most important in initiating these tools is a calm and patient attitude. The leader of the group must develop an understanding of what is the root cause of the inappropriate behavior. Generally, it is an inability to express discomfort caused either by language or attentional deficits. Once adults recognize that a tantrum or withdrawal is really an attempt to communicate, it is incumbent upon them to acknowledge what they are seeing. This should be a simple statement of the observable facts. In the case of Abe's tantrum, it might be, "I see that your rocketship is broken. You are very upset. Can you use words to tell us what happened?" The group should also be addressed in order to reassure them that the situation is under control and to gain their support. It is sometimes helpful to dim or turn off the lights while talking to the group. This not only focuses attention away from the child with the problem, but also has a calming effect. The statement to the group should engage them by drawing on their own experience. "Abe is upset that his rocket is broken. Can you think of words that might help him?"
When all of these techniques are being used spontaneously by most of the group it is time to acknowledge that there are situations which cannot be altered and must be tolerated. Physical injuries are often the first issues which demand tolerance and they are emotionally accessible to all of us. Sally, whose visual perceptual and motoric deficits caused her to fall and bump into things, often cried inconsolably over minor injuries. She had been seriously hurt and hospitalized many times in her young life, was easily frightened by any fall, and was unsure of the severity of an injury. Efforts to comfort only increased her agitation as she perceived it as confirmation that she was badly hurt. She was able to hear, through her squeals, an honest assessment of her condition and an estimate of how long she would need to tolerate the pain. The intervention would involve acknowledgement, distraction and tolerance. "I see you have bumped your knee. It is not bleeding and nothing is broken so let's sing a song while you tolerate it. We'll see if it feels better when we finish the song." After a few months I heard an exchange between Sally and a classmate after Sally hit her finger on a toy Beth said, "Oh, you hurt poor little finger. Lets jump up and down while you're tolerating it."
And so they did, as I beamed with pride and tolerated the noise.
Arnold, Harriet. Teaching Tolerance. Their World 1997-1998 ed. National Center for Learning Disabilities.
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It's purely happenstance that Francois Ozon's "Frantz" is so timely in this era of Steve Bannon's America. But if the film fits, see it. And then decide if nationalism is all it's cut out to be. In Ozon's world, which is set immediately after World War I, hindsight tells us that the failure of the French to forgive the Germans – and vice versa – led to the deaths of dozens of millions of Europeans just 20 years later in World War II. So, borders do matter – and the less of them the better. At least that's the point Ozon is elegantly proffering in his tale of two families – one French and one German – torn asunder by a war serving no purpose beyond thinning the continent's population by 17 million, most of them men barely above voting age.
One of the casualties was Frantz Hoffmeister, the humanities scholar from tiny Quedlinburg, Germany. His parents, Dr. Hans (Ernst Stötzner) and Magda (Marie Gruber) Hoffmeister are still burdened by unbearable grief. But they aren't nearly as broken as Frantz' gorgeous fiancée, Anna (Paula Beer, outstanding), an orphan the Hoffmeisters have taken in and unofficially adopted as their daughter. She is borderline suicidal – until the day she meets the mysterious mustachioed Frenchman who has been placing roses on Frantz' grave.
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His name is Adrien Rivoire (Adrien Brody look-alike Pierre Niney), and he, too, is grieving Frantz' death. But why should a living French soldier care so much about a dead German one? And what does he hope to gain by daring to set foot in a German hamlet where Krauts are about as welcome as a Democrat at the Freedom Caucus? For me, the reason was obvious. But that's the only time Ozon drops a tell in a movie loaded with ironic twists and unexpected turns set against a floundering romance that develops between Adrien and Anna.
Like his masterpieces, "8 Women," "Swimming Pool" and "Under the Sand," Ozon is again fascinated by characters reckless with the truth. What's different is that this time the lying isn't born of deceit, but of benevolence. Yet, there are moral quandaries aplenty. And they're fascinating in how they all come down to putting country ahead of God and family.
Ozon draws his inspiration from Ernst Lubitsch's 1932 film "Broken Lullaby," which like "Frantz" is about a French soldier traveling to Germany to seek forgiveness from a family who lost a son to battle. Where the two films differ is in the second half when Ozon flips the scenario to Anna traveling to Paris to meet Adrien's family. The parallels Ozon draws are compelling, both visually and narratively. Trains play a large part, coming and going. And the sight of railroads in Germany makes it hard not to make the connection with how Hitler would soon use them as his chief mode of shipping Jews to the gas chamber.
Ozon saves his sharpest criticisms for the nationalist attitudes prevailing through Germany and France, with each segment featuring bar scenes in which allegiances are sworn and the La Marseillaise and its Teutonic counterpart are sung loud and proud enough to drown out the reality that they are behaving like sheep being herded by vengeful rulers who will never set foot into a war zone. At one point, Anna says time will heal the wounds. But how can it when reminders are everywhere, from the broken, burned-out buildings to the streets full of maimed and disfigured veterans? It's powerful stuff, enhanced by Ozon's choice to shoot almost entirely in black and white. With a few exceptions, color enters the picture only in flashbacks to Adrien's friendship with Frantz in pre-war Paris, where they shared a passion for music, and possibly each other. Yes, there are moments of homoeroticism; after all, this is Ozon and it's one of his trademarks. So is his love of art, represented here in a powerful painting by Manet titled Le Suicide. Not only does it represent the feelings of despair rattling around in Adrien and Anna's fragile minds, but it also serves as a perfect metaphor for the senselessness of war, where life loses all meaning and death is your only ticket out.