text:
Kimrie Lewis
IMDb: 5.3
1h 35min
Sparks fly when Wade Walker crashes the Peeples annual reunion in the Hamptons to ask for their precious daughter Grace's hand in marriage.
Actors: Craig Robinson, Kerry Washington, David Alan Grier, S. Epatha Merkerson, Tyler James Williams, Melvin Van Peebles, Diahann Carroll, Kali Hawk, Kimrie Lewis-Davis, Malcolm Barrett, Ana Gasteyer, Briana Marin, Angelee Areu, Tuffy Questell, Jerome Preston Bates
Jessica Darling's It ListHD
IMDb: 5.4
1h 19min
Jessica Darling's older sister gives her the "IT List," a checklist on how to navigate the middle school popularity hierarchy. The instructions appear simple enough ...
Genres: Family
Actors: Chloe East, Emma Rayne Lyle, Ashley Liao, Eva Bella, Jane Widdop, Jacob Melton, Blair Fowler, Jane Sibbett, Eric Lutes, Abraham Benrubi, Myrna Velasco, Kyla-Drew, Anday Tural, Kimrie Lewis-Davis, Alexa Losey
Single Parents - S01Eps23
IMDb: 5.6
30 min
A group of single parents form their own support system as they raise their kids and struggle to start new relationships.
Genres: Comedy
Actors: Taran Killam, Leighton Meester, Kimrie Lewis, Brad Garrett
Single Parents - S02Eps19
IMDb: 6.9
30 min
Single Parents is a TV series starring Taran Killam, Leighton Meester, and Kimrie Lewis. A group of single parents form their own support system as ...
Genres: Comedy
Actors: Taran Killam, Leighton Meester, Kimrie Lewis, Jake Choi


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Edit: Unfortunately, the images originally included in this post are gone, because of hosting problems in late 2009. My apologies.
A long time ago I mentioned the list of suggested applications that appears on the XFCE wiki. As you might have noticed from some screenshots, I've been sporting a fresh copy of XFCE on Ubuntu lately, and tinkering with the suggestions they give there.
Some of them are quite nice, while others seem like a step down from what I'm accustomed to. Just as an example, this is Ristretto.
It does the fundamental job pretty well, and so I can't complain. Mirage seems more to my liking if I must be honest, and even something like feh can do the job equally well. Unless it does something snazzy that I haven't seen yet, I think I'll stick with my favorites.
On the other hand, I use Osmo a lot just for the task management features, but one program off that list is quite useful to me — tasks, which is exactly what it says it is.
No nonsense, to-do-list manager that has all the expected features — categories, prioritizing, Web links and due dates as options. Very useful, and very minimal.
One sad part: It requires libecal1.2 to compile, which seems to include a huge knot of Gnome garbage, with no readily visible option to exclude it. If you install it in Ubuntu, you'll see the clot listed as dependencies.
What that means is, if you want a truly lightweight task manager, you're probably still better off with Osmo. Sad, but unless the Pimlico crew decides to eliminate that (or at least give the option to avoid it), it's probably not going anywhere with me. I'll try an earlier version sometime and see what happens. Maybe it's a recent addition.
Rather than drag this out much longer, here's a personal selection of the stuff I've been using with XFCE, culled from the list on the aforementioned wiki page. Add and subtract as you desire. I've omitted the stuff that I already listed on my software page. 😉
- xfce4-terminal, which just seems to fit right
- gmrun, which I've mentioned before
- HardInfo, which I've mentioned before
- Deluge, even if rtorrent is better
- gFTP, which seems to have improved over the past few years
- grsync, which to me is a huge improvement over the dozen command-line options needed to get the job done
- XChat, which I acknowledge is necessary at times
- xfburn, even if it occasionally refuses to burn a disc for me 😐
- Consonance and EasyTag, which are gold standards for music management in my book (Consonance is not in the Hardy repos, but it's worth compiling)
- GImageView, if you decide not to use Mirage
- Geany, if you need more than just Mousepad
- Mousepad, if you don't need as much as Geany
- Galculator and gColor2, for theming and … adding
Links are on the wiki page. And I know you're going to ask, so I'll answer in advance: I avoid both Abiword and Gnumeric because of the need for Gnome packages, even if it is to handle printing. 😦 You see, I don't print. …
And in action, the entire suite looks like this.
Kind of like the good old days, huh?
All that being said, I don't think I'll stick with XFCE much longer. It has too many slight quirks that vaguely irritate me — like the way the GTK theme determines the color of the window manager bars. I really want to be able to control those independently. Weird, but honest.
And I find Thunar less and less attractive these days. It's becoming too much like Nautilus, which may or may not be the original intention. I like a two-pane arrangement anyway, but Thunar's slowly morphing into its fat cousin. To me, at least.
And so … Openbox, anyone? 🙄


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Ok, coffee break's over, back on your heads! Let's get back to business here…
I like puzzles. They provide no end of intellectual entertainment – and there is a thrill with figuring out the solution, particularly if the solution is done in a particularly elegant fashion. A good source of puzzles seems to be climate science papers which involve (sometimes extremely simple) statistical analyses.
This puzzle stems from a throwaway line toward the end of the Steig et al. Antarctic paper. The line is one of those typical "our analysis is correct because it sort of looks to us like something that somebody else did earlier and nobody complained about it" which are often thrown out without any further specific corroboration:
Independent data provide additional evidence that warming has been significant in West Antarctica. At Siple Station (76S, 84W) and Byrd Station (80S, 120W), short intervals of data from AWSs were spliced with 37-GHz (microwave) satellite observations, which are not affected by clouds, to obtain continuous records from 1979 to 1997 (ref. 13). The results show mean trends of 1.1 +/- 0.8C per decade and 0.45 +/- 1.3C per decade at Siple and Byrd, respectively (Ref. 13). Our reconstruction yields 0.29 +/- 0.26 C per decade and 0.36 +/- 0.37C per decade over the same interval. In our full 50-year reconstruction, the trends are significant, although smaller, at both Byrd (0.23 +/- 0.09 C per decade) and Siple (0.18 +/- 0.06 C per decade). Furthermore, the seasonal characteristics of these data (ref. 13) agree well with those from our reconstructions, with the greatest amount of warming in austral spring and winter (Fig. 3). Independent analyses of tropospheric temperature trends have also found spring and winter warming to be greatest in West Antarctica (ref.14,15).
Reference 13 refers to the paper, Shuman, C. A. & Stearns, C. R. Decadal-length composite inland West Antarctic temperature records. J. Clim. 14, 1977-1988 (2001).
Figure 3b which is the relevant part of Fig. 3 has the caption:
b, Mean annual trends for 1969-2000, to facilitate comparison with ref. 2…. Black circles in b show the locations of Siple and Byrd Stations, and the adjacent numbers show their respective trends (Ref. 13) for 1979-1997.
So what is the mystery? Is it that the authors substituted the Byrd and Siple values from the earlier study into Figure 3b instead of their own? No, I think anybody who hangs out at CA can guess that pretty easily from just looking at the numbers. My guess is that Steig et al. may have decided that the Shuman results were more reliable than their own and wished to present as correct a picture of the situation as possible.
Normally, I might not have gone any farther in looking at this except that I accidently ran across information about the Shuman paper at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0097.html when I was searching for Antarctic satellite data. I figured that, because their values were co-opted for Figure 3 of the Steig paper, they were fair game for auditing. The actual data was found in Excel files here .
You may also notice that there are two other AWS (Lettau and Lynn) whose data were reconstructed by Shuman for a slightly shorter period of time. However, these both show negative trends so presumably they would not be of further interest.
Boot up R and let's go.
# As an example of quick-and-dirty data entry,
# I infilled the missing values in the Annual Excel file with NAs,
#then copied just the data in the four AWS columns of the annual data set to the clipboard.
#Note that the first line should be TYPED directly into R, not using ctrl-R or
# copying-and-pasting the command (which destroys the data in the clipboard).
shuman = read.table("clipboard")
colnames(shuman) = c("Byrd","Lettau","Lynn","Siple")
shuman = ts(shuman,start=1979)
year = time(shuman)
shumanb.reg = lm(shuman[,"Byrd"] ~ year)
coef(shumanb.reg)[2] # 0.04557895
diff(confint(shumanb.reg)[2,])/2 # 0.1353811
#Shuman Byrd decadal trend 0.456 +/- 1.354
#Byrd matches the stated results
shumans.reg = lm(shuman[,"Siple"] ~ year)
coef(shumans.reg)[2] # 0.1112807
diff(confint(shumans.reg)[2,])/2 #0.07902228
#Shuman Siple decadal trend 1.11 +/- 0.790
#Shuman matches the stated result
Well, no mystery here. The results are as claimed. The trends and the error bars match the printed values. Might as well keep going and check the results for the current reconstruction as well.
#load recon data and supporting information
download.file("http://data.climateaudit.org/data/steig/Info.tab", "Info.tab",mode="wb")
download.file("http://data.climateaudit.org/data/steig/recon_aws.tab", "recon_aws.tab",mode="wb")
#make annual series
recon.ann = ts(sapply(1:ncol(recon_aws), function(x) colMeans(matrix(recon_aws[,x],12,50))),start=1957)
colnames(recon.ann) = Info$aws_grid$name
#restrict to shuman time period
reconx.ann = window(recon.ann,start = 1979, end = 1997)
steigb.ann = lm(reconx.ann[,"Byrd"] ~year)
coef(steigb.ann)[2] # 0.01117608
diff(confint(steigb.ann)[2,])/2 #0.09751764
#Steig Byrd decadal trend 0.112 +/- 0.975
#Claimed value: 0.36 +/- 0.37
steigs.ann = lm(reconx.ann[,"Siple"] ~year)
coef(steigs.ann)[2] # 0.0224113
diff(confint(steigs.ann)[2,])/2 #0.04585337
#Steig Siple decadal trend 0.224 +/- 0.456
#Claimed value: 0.29 +/- 0.26
Well, we finally located our mystery- not earthshaking, but a mystery nonetheless. Where did the values claimed by Steig et al. come from? The differences here are not minor – a factor of three in the case of Byrd with a somewhat smaller difference for Siple. Note that the Shuman value is now 10 times larger for Byrd, despite the fact that there is agreement on the "seasonal characteristics" (whatever that may mean) according to the authors.
This is a job for the CSI (Climate Science Investigation) unit! I went after this puzzle with some more R tools. First we look at Byrd:
#Can we match a Byrd trend of .36?
#Try all consecutive time periods of three years or longer
bcheck = NULL
for (i in 1:48) { for (j in (i+2):50 ) { xyear = i:j
regx = lm(recon.ann[i:j,"Byrd"] ~xyear)
trend = 10*coef(regx)[2]
if (round(trend,2)==.36) { bcheck = rbind(bcheck,c(trend, 10*diff(confint(regx)[2,])/2, 1956 + i, 1956 + j))
k = k + 1 } } }
colnames(bcheck) = c("trend","95%error", "start","end")
# trend 95%error start end
#[1,] 0.3646779 0.9444317 1957 1977
#[2,] 0.3577181 0.8571222 1978 1998
#[3,] 0.3593054 0.6060411 1978 2002
The best candidate appears to be the time interval from 1977 to 1998. When a year is added at each end of the sequence, the decadal trend increases from 0.11 to 0.36. However, the error bar for the trend is nowhere near the target value of 0.37.
On to Stiple:
scheck = NULL
for (i in 1:48) { for (j in (i+2):50 ) { xyear = i:j
regx = lm(recon.ann[i:j,"Siple"] ~xyear)
trend = 10*coef(regx)[2]
if (round(trend,2)==.29) { scheck = rbind(scheck,c(trend, 10*diff(confint(regx)[2,])/2, 1956 + i, 1956 + j))
k = k + 1 } } }
colnames(scheck) = c("trend","95%error", "start","end")
# trend 95%error start end
#[1,] 0.2932384 0.2567706 1957 1992
#[2,] 0.2882775 0.2426950 1957 1993
#[3,] 0.2939766 0.2662463 1973 2003
#[4,] 0.2942575 0.2860570 1977 2004
#[5,] 0.2942141 0.2964496 1978 2003
#[6,] 0.2886615 0.5032191 1983 2000
#[7,] 0.2887827 0.4908402 1985 2000
We have an excellent match in both the trend (0.29) and the error (0.26), however, the years are a bit off. Maybe it is just coincidence. Could use some further searching here.
I also checked the full 50 year trends for the two stations as well:
#Full 50 year trends
allyear = time(recon.ann)
steigbyrd.all = lm(recon.ann[,"Byrd"] ~ allyear)
coef(steigbyrd.all)[2] # 0.008854096
diff(confint(steigbyrd.all)[2,])/2 #0.02195606
#Steig Byrd decadal trend for all 50 years 0.089 +/- 0.220
#Claimed value: 0.23 +/- 0.09
steigsiple.all = lm(recon.ann[,"Siple"] ~ allyear)
coef(steigsiple.all)[2] # 0.01838724
diff(confint(steigsiple.all)[2,])/2 #0.01393572
#Steig Siple decadal trend for all 50 years 0.184 +/- 0.139
#Claimed value: 0.18 +/- 0.06
You don't suppose that they accidently swapped the two values in the Byrd case -with the end result of both making the trend larger as well as gaining statistical "significance"? The coincidence is pretty close. The Stiple trend is correct (one (sort of) out of four isn't too bad I guess) but the error limit is out by a factor a little larger than two. The standard error of the trend calculated in R is is equal to 0.069 so rounding it down could give the second value, but that is speculation.
Where did these all those other values come from? Dunno for sure yet. To quote a line from what I remember as being a routine by George Carlin, I guess that "It's a mystery, fadda!"


text:
Polisi Cymdeithasol a Chymraeg BA (Cydanrhydedd)
About this Course
Gallwch astudio Cymdeithaseg gyda Pholisi Cymdeithasol (Sociology with Social Policy) fel gradd cyd-anrhydedd gyda Welsh (Cymraeg) (for first- and second-language students) (50% Cymdeithaseg gyda Pholisi Cymdeithasol (Sociology with Social Policy) and 50% Welsh (Cymraeg) (for first- and second-language students)). Darllenwch y disgrifiad cwrs ar gyfer y ddau bwnc os gwelwch yn dda.
Why choose Bangor University for this course?
- Social Policy at Bangor University is rated 2nd in the UK for student satisfaction (The Complete University Guide 2021)
- Celtic Studies at Bangor University is rated top in the UK for student satisfaction (The Complete University Guide 2021)
Course Content
What will you study on this course?
Ar y cwrs cyd-anrhydedd hwn, byddwch yn astudio 50% o'r modiwlau mewn Cymdeithaseg gyda Pholisi Cymdeithasol (Sociology with Social Policy) a 50% o'r modiwlau mewn Welsh (Cymraeg) (for first- and second-language students). Cliciwch ar y linc isod i weld y modiwlau mae myfyrwyr presennol sy'n dilyn y cwrs hwn yn ei astudio.
Modules for the current academic year
Module listings are for guide purposes only and are subject to change. Find out what our students are currently studying on the Polisi Cymdeithasol a Chymraeg Modules page.
Course content is for guidance purposes only and may be subject to change.
Careers and Employability
Mae hwn yn gwrs cyd-anrhydedd, felly darllenwch y wybodaeth am Gyflogadwyedd ar gyfer Cymdeithaseg gyda Pholisi Cymdeithasol (Sociology with Social Policy) a Welsh (Cymraeg) (for first- and second-language students)
Employability and Social Sciences degrees
Employers today need analytical and lateral thinkers who can play a part in almost any working environment. As a result, the breadth and flexibility of a social science degree makes it attractive to almost any employer. Our graduates have followed a wide range of career paths.
Criminology and Criminal Justice
There are a wide range of options open to students following graduation and these include careers in social work, the police force, the probation service, the prison service and the legal profession.
Social Policy
Social Policy graduates enter a wide range of occupations within the policy field including public housing, social work, local government administration and the voluntary sector.
Sociology graduates enter a wide range of occupations including management, journalism, public relations, social work, personnel, teaching and research.
Social Work
Most newly qualified social workers will be employed in local authority social services departments. These are increasing opportunities within the independent sector. The demand for professionally qualified social workers is a very high and employment prospects are extremely good following graduation.
Employability and the School of Welsh and Celtic Studies
It's a very exciting time for graduates leaving University with a qualification in Welsh. With the statutory demand for pupils to study Welsh at school until the age of 16, there is a growing demand for teachers, both primary and secondary, with good qualifications in the subject. Traditionally many of our students, who go on to do research for a postgraduate course, often end up lecturing at colleges and Universities.
Opportunities in Media
There are now many more choices for our graduates than ever before. Since S4C was founded in the early 80s, a number of our students went on to work in the media industry as researchers, producers and TV and Radio presenters, and script writers for popular programmes such as Pobl y Cwm and journalists with BBC and ITV. Others were successful in getting jobs with magazines like Golwg and Barn; while others went on to work as translators with big companies like Y Lolfa, Gwasg Gomer and the Welsh Books Council.
One of the implications of setting up the Welsh Language Board was that all public services and local authorities were legally obliged to produce a Welsh Language Scheme. Many of our graduates were employed to produce theses new language schemes.
Translation Services
As a result of the National Assembly for Wales opening in Cardiff, there was a growing demand for translators, editors and proof readers with a high standard of Welsh.
Further opportunities
A number of our graduates have also made their mark as successful actors on stage and TV. Others have gone on to join the police, public services and even priesthood.
In summary, a degree in Welsh gives you a sought after qualification and a number of career paths to choose from.
Opportunities at Bangor
The University's Skills and Employability Service provides a wide range of resources to help you achieve your graduate ambitions. Developing your personal skills and enhancing your employability while at university is becoming increasingly important in today's job market.
The Bangor Employability Award (BEA) and Higher Education Achievement Report (HEAR)
The Bangor Employability Award enables students to build on their transferable skills through the recognition of activities they become involved in during their university life. Students can gain points towards the award through extra-curricular activities such as volunteering, attending workshops or actively participating in the Students' Union's clubs and societies.
The HEAR is a final graduation report that all undergraduates receive. The report itemises all academic achievements and additional extra and co-curricular achievements. Academic achievements appear on the report automatically and students are able to note their eligible activities by using the online platform 'My Employability Hub'. This ensures that future employers are made aware of the additional skills the student has gained outside of the curriculum.
The Award is open to everyone and taking part in the scheme can make a major difference to your performance in the graduate job market.
Bangor University runs undergraduate and postgraduate internship schemes twice a year, which allow students to work in a professional environment while learning relevant skills and earning money.
Internships offer valuable experience in a professional workplace and there are a range of internships you can get involved in.
Student Volunteering
Not only is volunteering worthwhile – it also improves your employability and widens your experience.
The Students' Union has a dedicated Student Volunteering Office (SVB) which currently contributes a total of 600 hours each week, promoting a close relationship between the university and the local community. Find out more on the Student Volunteering pages of the Bangor Student's Union website.
TARGETconnect - Working while you StudyThe Skills and Employability Service offers support to students searching for employment during and after their studies.
- Graduate jobs – Local, National and International
- Full-time, part time, permanent and temporary jobs
- Work experience / internships
- Voluntary opportunities
TARGETconnect advertises the following opportunities:
Entry Requirements
Mae hwn yn gwrs cyd-anrhydedd, felly darllenwch y Gofynion Mynediad ar gyfer Cymdeithaseg gyda Pholisi Cymdeithasol (Sociology with Social Policy) a Welsh (Cymraeg) (for first- and second-language students)
General University entry requirements
We accept students with a wide range of qualifications and backgrounds and consider each application individually.
All students need to have good basic skills and the University also values IT and communication skills.
As part of the University's policy we consider applications from prospective disabled students on the same grounds as all other students.
To study a degree, diploma or certificate course you'll be asked for a minimum of UCAS Tariff points. For a fuller explanation of the UCAS Tariff Points, please see www.ucas.com
We also consider applications from mature students who can demonstrate the motivation and commitment to study a university programme. Each year we enrol a significant number of mature students. For more help and advice about being a mature student at Bangor, please visit the Study at Bangor site.
Specific entry requirements can be seen on the individual course pages.
EU and International students' entry requirements
For information and further detailed guidance on entry requirements for EU and International Students, including the minimum English Language entry requirement, please visit the Entry Requirements by Country pages. International applicants can also visit the International Education Centre section of our website for further details.
Bangor University offers International Incorporated Bachelor Degrees for International students whose High School qualification is not equivalent to the UK school leaving qualification. The first year (or Year 0) is studied at Bangor International College, an embedded College on our University campus and delivered by Oxford International Education Group.
More information
Home/EU students and International UCAS applicants
E-mail for General Admissions: email@example.com or write to:
Admissions Office
Bangor University
Telephone: +44 (0)1248 383717
International students (non-UCAS applicants)
Email to International Admissions: firstname.lastname@example.com or write to
Admissions Office
Bangor University
Telephone: +44 (0) 1248 382028
Course Costs
- Full time: £9,000 per year
- Part time: £750 per 10 credits
When coming to University, you will have two main costs, Tuition Fees and Living Costs.
There are also some common additional costs that are likely to arise for students on all courses, for example:
- If you choose to study abroad or take the International Experience Year as part of your course.
- If you attend your Graduation Ceremony, there will be a cost for gown hire (£25-£75) and cost for guest tickets (£12 each).
Course-specific additional costs
Depending on the course you are studying, there may be additional course-specific costs that you will be required to meet. These fall into three categories:
- Mandatory Costs: these are related to a particular core or compulsory module that you'll be required to complete to achieve your qualification e.g. compulsory field trips, uniforms for students on placement, DBS Check.
- Necessarily Incurred Costs: these may not be experienced by all students, and will vary depending on the course e.g. professional body membership, travel to placements, specialist software, personal safety equipment.
- Optional Costs: these depend on your choice of modules or activity and they are shown to give you an indication of the optional costs that may arise to make sure your choice is as informed as possible. These can include graduation events for your course, optional field trips, Welcome Week trips.
Costau dewisol:
Gall myfyrwyr ddewis prynu llyfrau os ydynt am gael eu copïau eu hunain, ond nid yw hyn yn orfodol (bydd yr holl lyfrau ar gael yn y llyfrgell). Bydd union faint y gost hon yn dibynnu'n llwyr ar y myfyriwr unigol, ond gellid amcangyfrif y bydd nifer o fyfyrwyr yn dewis gwario rhyw £20 y modiwl.
Os bydd myfyrwyr yn mynychu'r seremoni raddio, telir c.£12 am docyn i'r myfyriwr a dau westai, a rhyw c.£40 i logi gŵn (gall y prisiau hyn newid).
How to Apply
How to apply through UCASApply online via UCAS
UCAS stands for Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. All university applications are processed through UCAS and then passed on to the universities listed.
Students may apply for a maximum of five courses. For Medicine, Dentistry and Veterinary courses students are only allowed to apply for four courses.
The application form is found on the UCAS website, under 'Apply'.
When to apply?
We advise you to apply as early as you can as we will start considering applications and making offers straight away. The initial UCAS deadline for UK and EU students is 15 January, however we welcome applications after this date. Those received between 15 January and 30 June will continue to be forwarded to universities by UCAS and will receive consideration where places are still available.
Your Personal Statement
Writing your Personal Statement is the part of the application form that requires most work. You are only allowed 47 lines or 500–550 words to explain why you wish to study the course and the skills you have that are essential for university study.
To write a successful personal statement for your UCAS application you must have a good understanding about the course and its content. Remember that you write only one personal statement for your five choices. Make sure that the courses are similar, if not the same, and make sure that you do not mention a specific course or university.
Read our advice on how to draft a winning personal statement or watch our video guide.
After you've applied
You should keep an eye on your application on UCAS 'Track'. Offers from universities will appear on track and you will be able to accept or decline offers.
You can only reply when you have received all your decisions. The types of reply you can make are firm acceptance and insurance acceptance. Usually students reply in early May.
International Student?
If you are an international student, our International Student pages offer further information on applying.
As an international student applying to study one of our undergraduate programmes you can:
- apply via UCAS,
- or apply direct to Bangor through our online direct application system
- or apply with the help of one of our recruitment agents
Erasmus student?
We receive around 350 exchange students every year from all over the world. 45% of these students come from Europe and the remainder from as far as Singapore, South Korea and Australia.
The University's International Exchanges Office is responsible for welcoming these students.
Confused about your next steps?
Take a look at our Going to University website for information and advice on getting ready for university.
Further Information
Why study Social Sciences?
- Students from countries worldwide study Social Sciences degrees at Bangor - for undergraduate, masters and research training, creating a dynamic learning environment.
- Our staff undertake research of national and international reputation and have written major text books and articles published in top academic journals.
- We aim to provide a friendly, supportive and stimulating learning environment, supplemented by contributions from practitioners in the statutory, voluntary and independent sectors.
- Undergraduate degree structure is flexible enough to offer a range of specialisms and breadth of choice.
- We have a long history of high quality social work education and a long-standing, strong and effective partnership with social service agencies in north Wales.
- Under our personal tutor scheme, a member of lecturing staff will monitor the student's academic progress and will offer help, advice and support on an individual basis.
Why study at the School of Welsh and Celtic Studies
School Excellence Scholarships - Rewarding Academic Achievement: students who start a BA course in the Schools of Modern Languages & Cultures, Music, Philosophy & Religion or Welsh will be eligible for an MA Scholarship. These scholarships will be available to UK, EU and International students who have completed a BA degree in one of these Schools in Bangor University; achieved a 2:1 or above, and gained a place on a one-year full-time Taught Masters programme based in one of the Schools above. BA students who graduate with a 1st class degree will automatically receive a full tuition fee waiver for the MA. BA students who graduate with a 2:1 degree will automatically receive a fee reduction, and pay £1,000 fees for the MA. For more information about these scholarships please contact: email@example.com.
A degree in Welsh gives you the opportunity to study one of the oldest languages in Europe. You'll be able to learn more about the poetic traditions and some highlights of the prose tradition.
John Morris-Jones, one of the most important scholars and successful poets in Wales, was the first Professor of Welsh at Bangor. One of his most famous students at the beginning of the twentieth century was Kate Roberts, an author who was later crowned the queen of literature in Wales.
During your time at the School of Welsh you will also get the chance to study the work of many more of the department's graduates, some of whom are well known litterateurs of the twentieth century, such as:
- Islwyn Ffowc Elis
- Eigra Lewis Roberts
- Angharad Tomos
- Sonia Edwards
- R. Williams Parry
- Gwyn Thomas
- Alan Llwyd
- Nesta Wyn Jones
- Einir Jones
- John Gwilym Jones
- William R. Lewis
- Dewi Wyn Williams
Academic discipline
The fact that we've had creative writers such as R. Williams Parry and John Gwilym Jones on our staff in the past, and William R. Lewis, Gerwyn Wiliams, Jason Walford Davies and Gwyn Thomas being current staff at the department, is a clear sign of our commitment as an academic discipline.
Student support
One of our main priorities as a department is our students' wellbeing. All our students are given a Personal Tutor that will be on hand to give help and advice about your academic work and personal difficulties. Also, to make sure that all our students get the best start at University, every first year student will be appointed a Peer Guide to help them settle in. The second and third year students will be there to help you during your first week as a student and beyond.
We also guarantee all first year students a place in our halls of residence. The most popular halls of residence with Welsh students is Neuadd John Morris Jones, home to centuries of Welsh students at Bangor for many years.
Writing in Welsh
A whole section of the School's website is devoted to collating all the online resources that are available to help you write in Welsh.
Click here to gain access to this resource.
Studying at Bangor
Rated Gold for teaching
We have been awarded a Gold rating, the highest rating possible, for the standarad of our teaching in the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) assessment. The TEF assessment took into account teaching quality, learning environment and student outcomes and learning gain. We were judged to deliver consistently outstanding teaching, learning and outcomes for our students and our teaching is of the highest quality found in the UK.
Enjoy a university experience that's amongst the best in the UK
The guaranteed accommodation, student support, low cost of living and stunning location all contribute towards this.
Take advantage of the Bangor Student Experience with free membership of student clubs and societies, a new international experience programme and employability award scheme.
Award-winning clubs and societies!
Our clubs and societies have been awarded the Silver at the WhatUni Student Choice Awards 2020.
Unrivalled location
Choose to study in one of the best places in the UK to be a student. Bangor's location – close to the mountains and the sea - has been described as 'the best university setting in the UK'.
Bangor is the most affordable place in the UK to be a student (TotalMoney 2019).
Investment in facilities
Benefit from continued investment in facilities and services – with Pontio Arts and Innovation Centre, Halls of Residence, and improved sports facilities amongst recent developments.
Guaranteed accommodation in award-winning halls of residence
We guarantee accommodation for first year students who apply within the deadline and hold Bangor as their Firm Choice.
Related Courses
- Astudiaethau Plentyndod ac Ieuenctid a Chymdeithaseg BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Childhood and Youth Studies and Social Policy BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Childhood and Youth Studies and Sociology BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Childhood and Youth Studies and Welsh BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Chinese and Cymraeg BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Criminology & Criminal Justice and Italian BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Criminology and Criminal Justice BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Criminology and Criminal Justice and Psychology BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Criminology and Criminal Justice and Spanish BA (Joint Hons) (4 years)
- Cymdeithaseg a Chymraeg BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymdeithaseg a Hanes BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymdeithaseg a Hanes Cymru BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymdeithaseg and Criminology and Criminal Justice BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Cymdeithaseg gyda Pholisi Cymdeithasol BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Cymraeg a Cherddoriaeth BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg a Ffrangeg BA (Cydanrhydedd) (4 years)
- Cymraeg a Hanes BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg a Llenyddiaeth Saesneg BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg a Rheolaeth Busnes BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg ac Almaeneg BA (Cydanrhydedd) (4 years)
- Cymraeg ac Ieithyddiaeth BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg and Sociology BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg and Sport Science BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Cymraeg gyda Newyddiaduraeth BA (Anrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg gydag Ysgrifennu Creadigol BA (Anrhydedd) (3 years)
- Cymraeg, Theatr a'r Cyfryngau BA (Anrhydedd) (3 years)
- English Language and Cymraeg BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- English Language and Sociology BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- English Literature and Criminology and Criminal Justice BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- French and Criminology and Criminal Justice BA (Joint Hons) (4 years)
- German and Criminology and Criminal Justice BA (Joint Hons) (4 years)
- Hanes Cymru a Chymraeg BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- History and Criminology and Criminal Justice BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Italian and Cymraeg BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Media Studies and Sociology BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Philosophy & Religion and Welsh BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Polisi Cymdeithasol a Hanes BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Polisi Cymdeithasol a Hanes Cymru BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Polisi Cymdeithasol a Throseddeg a Chyfiawnder Troseddol BA (Cydanrhydedd) (3 years)
- Politics BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Politics (with Foundation Year) BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Professional Policing (pre-join) BSc (Hons)
- Professional Welsh BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Professional Welsh (for Beginners) BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Sbaeneg a Chymraeg BA (Cydanrhydedd) (4 years)
- Social Policy BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Social Policy (with Foundation Year) BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Social Policy and Criminology & Criminal Justice BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Social Policy and Economics BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Social Policy and History BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Sociology BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Sociology (with Foundation Year) BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Sociology and Criminology and Criminal Justice BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Sociology and Economics BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Sociology and English Literature BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Sociology and History BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Sociology and Linguistics BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Sociology and Social Policy BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Welsh (Cymraeg) (for first- and second-language students) BA (Hons) (3 years)
- Welsh for Beginners (Cymraeg i Ddechreuwyr) BA (Hons) (4 years)
- Welsh History and Sociology BA (Joint Hons) (3 years)
- Y Gyfraith gyda'r Gymraeg (Law with Welsh) LLB (Hons) (3 years)


text:
(For BeagleBoardAngstrom, click here.) (Should Beagleboard:Ubuntu On BeagleBone Black be merged into this page?)
This page is about running a Linux distribution (ARM EABI) Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard. BeagleBoard will boot the (ARM EABI) Ubuntu distribution from the SD card. Since much of this page is generic, it has also been extended to help support devices such as the PandaBoard and BeagleBone.
- For the best experience, make sure you have an LCD/HDMI monitor attached to the BeagleBoard's HDMI port, 2 GB/4 GB/8 GB SD card, and a known good USB 2.0 hub with mouse and keyboard.
- 1 Help
- 2 Required Beagle Software
- 3 Omap Serial Changes
- 4 Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image
- 5 Method 2: Use the NetInstall method
- 6 Method 3: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)
- 7 Advanced
- 8 Swapfile
- 9 Ubuntu Software
If you need any help:
- Kernel related help:
- Email Beagleboard user group *Recommended method
- #beagle: Beagle IRC on Freenode, accessible also by web interface (logs)
- Kernel Trees
- Ubuntu related help:
- #ubuntu-arm: Ubuntu's ARM IRC on Freenode (logs -> year -> month -> day -> #ubuntu-arm.html)
- When requesting help, please provide some debugging information:
- U-Boot Version installed on board
- Kernel Version: uname -a
- pastebin dmesg
- Copy from serial port or use "dmesg | pastebinit" (sudo apt-get install pastebinit)
Required Beagle Software
Mainline U-Boot:
- All older BeagleBoard (classic) Ax, Bx, Cx and Dx boards are required to upgrade to at least these U-Boot versions
- XM Boards have no NAND, so MLO/u-boot.img is always required on the first partition
- Directions: Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot
Omap Serial Changes
boot.scr/boot.cmd changes:
With 2.6.35:
With 2.6.36/37+:
Serial console login: /etc/init/ttyO2.conf
start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345] stop on runlevel [!2345] respawn exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO2
Method 1: Download a Complete Pre-Configured Image
Demo Image
- These demonstration images contain a custom Mainline based kernel with experimental enhancements to the boards supported. They are usually updated about once a month, as new features/enhancements get added by the community. Currently, this image ships with two kernels "armv7" which is for mainline omap3+ devices (BeagleBoard/PandaBoard) and the "bone" which is specifically for the BeagleBone. The kernel is stress-tested by a farm of Panda/Beagles running 24/7 under a heavy load (building gcc trunk/mainline kernel).
- Advanced Users only: Beagle xM: Kernel source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform.git cd armv7-multiplatform git checkout origin/v3.13.x -b tmp ./build_kernel.sh
- Advanced Users only: BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: Kernel v3.8.x source, used in these demo images: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/linux-dev/tree/am33x-v3.8
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/linux-dev.git cd linux-dev git checkout origin/am33x-v3.8 -b tmp ./build_kernel.sh
- Advanced Users only: Userspace, used in these demo images:
If the script in these demo images fail: email "email@example.com" I will need details: terminal command, terminal log, distribution name, arch...
Saucy 13.10
Image Updated:
- 2014-01-24
- Beagle/Beagle xM: v3.13.0-armv7-x9 kernel
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone37 kernel
- 2013-12-17
- Beagle xM (ONLY): v3.12.5-armv7-x10 kernel (--dtb dt-beagle-xm)
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone32 kernel
- Beagle/Panda/Panda ES: v3.7.10-x13 kernel
- 2013-11-15
- Beagle xM (ONLY): v3.12.0-armv7-x8 kernel (--dtb dt-beagle-xm)
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone30 kernel
- audio/mmc fixes...
- Beagle/Panda/Panda ES: v3.7.10-x13 kernel
Services Active:
Note: Depending on your internal network these may work out of the box Apache, Port 80: http://arm/ (Bone: via usb) http://192.168.7.2 SSH, Port 22: ssh ubuntu@arm (Bone: via usb) email@example.com Getty, Serial Port
Default user: ubuntu pass: temppwd
Get prebuilt image:
wget https://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/saucy/ubuntu-13.10-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz
Verify Image with:
md5sum ubuntu-13.10-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz e199c4c20091abcf1ed025ee54856055 ubuntu-13.10-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz
Unpack Image:
tar xf ubuntu-13.10-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz cd ubuntu-13.10-console-armhf-2014-01-24
If you don't know the location of your SD card:
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --probe-mmc
You should see something like:
Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see... fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes <- x86 Root Drive Disk /dev/sdd: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes <- MMC/SD card lsblk: NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 446.9G 0 part / <- x86 Root Partition ├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part └─sda5 8:5 0 18.9G 0 part [SWAP] sdd 8:48 1 3.7G 0 disk ├─sdd1 8:49 1 64M 0 part └─sdd2 8:50 1 3.6G 0 part
- In this example, we can see via mount, /dev/sda1 is the x86 rootfs, therefore /dev/sdd is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by ./setup_sdcard.sh...
Install Image:
Quick install script for [board]
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot board
[board] options:
- BeagleBone/Black - bone
So for the BeagleBone:
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot bone
Quick install script for [board] (using new --dtb option)
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb board
board options:
- BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx/Dx - omap3-beagle
- BeagleBoard xM - omap3-beagle-xm
So for the BeagleBoard xM:
sudo ./setup_sdcard.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm
You should now be able to unmount the SD card from your PC, insert into your Board, reboot and have the OS loaded.
For a basic framebuffer driven desktop environment: (make sure network is setup):
Ethernet: sudo ifconfig -a and sudo dhclient usb1 or sudo dhclient eth0 Wireless: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu#Wi-Fi_Networking_.28command_line.29
Then run:
/bin/sh /boot/uboot/tools/ubuntu/small-lxde-desktop.sh
Advanced: Build Image:
Built with a fork of project-rootstock (ARM native mode, runs directly on BeagleBoard), using a script from omap-image-builder:
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/omap-image-builder.git cd omap-image-builder git checkout v2014.01-1 -b tmp touch release ./rcn-ee_image.sh
Raring 13.04
Image Updated:
- 2014-01-24
- Beagle/Beagle xM: v3.13.0-armv7-x9 kernel
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone37 kernel
- 2013-12-17
- Beagle xM (ONLY): v3.12.5-armv7-x10 kernel (--dtb dt-beagle-xm)
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone32 kernel
- Beagle/Panda/Panda ES: v3.7.10-x13 kernel
- 2013-11-15
- Beagle xM (ONLY): v3.12.0-armv7-x8 kernel (--dtb dt-beagle-xm)
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone30 kernel
- audio/mmc fixes...
- Beagle/Panda/Panda ES: v3.7.10-x13 kernel
Get prebuilt image:
wget https://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/raring/ubuntu-13.04-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz
Verify Image with:
md5sum ubuntu-13.04-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz 0443f6b38a6a082f5a75f72f8a5cfaf4 ubuntu-13.04-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz
Unpack image:
tar xf ubuntu-13.04-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz cd ubuntu-13.04-console-armhf-2014-01-24
Then follow the directions shown above with the other images...
Trusty 14.04 (experimental)
Image Updated:
- 2014-01-24
- Beagle/Beagle xM: v3.13.0-armv7-x9 kernel
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone37 kernel
- 2013-12-17
- Beagle xM (ONLY): v3.12.5-armv7-x10 kernel (--dtb dt-beagle-xm)
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone32 kernel
- Beagle/Panda/Panda ES: v3.7.10-x13 kernel
- 2013-11-15
- Beagle xM (ONLY): v3.12.0-armv7-x8 kernel (--dtb dt-beagle-xm)
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone30 kernel
- audio/mmc fixes...
- Beagle/Panda/Panda ES: v3.7.10-x13 kernel
Get prebuilt image:
wget https://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/trusty/ubuntu-trusty-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz
Verify Image with:
md5sum ubuntu-trusty-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz ae97d2b7d927685a2bcd15303a1b2766 ubuntu-trusty-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz
Unpack image:
tar xf ubuntu-trusty-console-armhf-2014-01-24.tar.xz cd ubuntu-trusty-console-armhf-2014-01-24
Then follow the directions shown above with the other images...
eMMC: BeagleBone Black
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or the win32 image program linked to on CircuitCo's wiki page. First press and hold the boot select button (next to the microSD card), then apply power (same procedure as the official CircuitCo images). The board should boot into Ubuntu and begin flashing the eMMC, once completed all 4 LED's should be full ON. Simply remove power, remove the microSD card and Ubuntu will now boot directly from eMMC.
Script for reference: (this is the script that writes to the eMMC)
BTW: we are only writing about 500 megabytes to the eMMC, so the script will only take about 5-6 Minutes after power on.
- If only two LED's stay lit and nothing happens, the board has crashed due to lack of power. Retry with a 5Volt DC power supply connected.
- If the 4 LED's blink a constant pattern, the eMMC write has failed. First REMOVE ALL capes, then retry again.
- (error -84: which may mean you've reached the max number of erase/write cycles...)
User: ubuntu pass: temppwd
Image Updated:
- 2014-01-24
- BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone37 kernel
- 2013-12-17
- BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone32 kernel
- 2013-11-15
- BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone30 kernel
- ssh host key fixes (auto generated on bootup...)
- BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone30 kernel
Get prebuilt image:
wget https://rcn-ee.net/deb/flasher/saucy/BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.xz
Verify Image with:
md5sum BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.xz 2cce18a56e1802657aad15dc700ec200 BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.xz
Follow the "standard" update procedure.
unxz BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.xz sudo dd if=./BBB-eMMC-flasher-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX
raw microSD img
BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black
This image can be written to a 2GB (or larger) microSD card, via 'dd' on linux or the win32 image program linked to on CircuitCo's wiki page. First press and hold the boot select button (next to microSD card), then apply power (same procedure as the official CircuitCo images). The board should boot into Ubuntu.
User: ubuntu pass: temppwd
Auto partition resize:
cd /opt/scripts/tools git pull ./grow_partition.sh sudo reboot
Image Updated:
- 2014-01-24
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone37 kernel
- 2013-12-17
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone32 kernel
- 2013-11-15
- BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black: v3.8.13-bone30 kernel
Get prebuilt image:
wget https://rcn-ee.net/deb/microsd/saucy/bone-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.xz
Verify Image with:
md5sum bone-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.xz c53ab3fb2f97951a1e1fb60c8719ae55 bone-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.xz
unxz bone-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img.zx sudo dd if=./bone-ubuntu-13.10-2014-01-24-2gb.img of=/dev/sdX
Method 2: Use the NetInstall method
You will need a 1GB/2GB/4GB/8GB SD card or greater.
Standard system : ~700 MB
Report Bugs/Issues to: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/issues (anywhere else will be ignored..)
Download the netinstall script:
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall.git cd netinstall
Currently supported Ubuntu distributions:
--distro oneiric (11.10) --distro precise-armhf (12.04) --distro quantal (12.10) --distro raring (13.04) --distro saucy (13.10)
Device: <board> selection:
*BeagleBoard Ax/Bx/Cx - omap3-beagle *BeagleBoard xMA/B/C - omap3-beagle-xm *BeagleBone Ax - am335x-bone-serial *BeagleBone (DVI cape) - am335x-bone-video *BeagleBone Black - am335x-boneblack *PandaBoard Ax - omap4-panda *PandaBoard A4+ - omap4-panda-a4 *PandaBoard ES - omap4-panda-es
Installation script for new <board> selection: (slowly migrating all devices to this method)
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb <board> --distro <distro>
So for the xM: with quantal:
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --dtb omap3-beagle-xm --distro quantal
- Other Options:
- --firmware : installs firmware
- --serial-mode : debian-installer uses Serial Port
Place SD card into BeagleBoard and boot:
Configure the network:
usb0: USB net <- (usually the OTG port) eth0: USB net <- (usually the smsc95xx adapter on the BeagleBoard and PandaBoard) wlan0: Wifi <- Your USDB-Wi-Fi device..
See my notes for my testing procedure: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/netinstall/blob/master/test.Ubuntu
Troubleshooting: If booting fails..
- Hold the user button down to force booting from MMC
- Upgrade X-loader and U-boot Upgrade X-loader and U-Boot
- Clear U-boot's Environment Variables in NAND:
nand erase 260000 20000
NetInstall assumptions:
Assume asll <default>'s... Thanks you preseed.conf!!!
Method 3: Manual Install (no automatic scripts)
Note, this section used to have a lot of details, but maintenance of the two wiki's became a pain, so for now on we will just link to my other pages:
Beagle/Beagle xM
Panda/Panda ES
Install Latest Kernel Image
cd /opt/scripts/tools git pull
./update_kernel.sh --beta-kernel
Custom: (has to be on rcn-ee.net)
./update_kernel.sh --kernel v3.8.13-bone37
Reboot with your new Kernel Image.
Upgrade X-loader and U-boot
- Note: the functionality of the "X-Loader" project has been merged as u-boot spl.
Compatibility with older Ax, Bx, Cx, and Dx BeagleBoards
Note: Sometimes on these older boards, you just have to clear out the stored U-Boot environment variables in NAND to make this script work:
nand erase 260000 20000
Or: To fully erase the entire NAND:
nand erase.chip
Requires MMC card:
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/flasher.git cd flasher
For the Beagle Ax/Bx
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_bx
For the Beagle Cx/Dx
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --mmc /dev/sdX --uboot beagle_cx
1: Plug-in a serial cable and start the serial terminal program 2: Place MMC card in Beagle 3: Push and hold the user button 4: Plug-in power 5: Wait for U-Boot countdown to finish, then release the user button 6: Wait for flashing/script to end 7: Power down, remove and reformat MMC card to final OS
If you don't know the location of your SD card:
sudo ./mk_mmc.sh --probe-mmc
You should see something like:
Are you sure? I don't see [/dev/idontknow], here is what I do see... fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes <- x86 Root Drive Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 3957 MB, 3957325824 bytes <- MMC/SD card mount: /dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) <- x86 Root Partition
- In this example, we can see via mount, /dev/sda1 is the x86 rootfs, therefore /dev/mmcblk0 is the other drive in the system, which is the MMC/SD card that was inserted and should be used by the ./mk_mmc.sh script.
SGX Video Acceleration
BeagleBone (BBW) & BeagleBone Black (BBB)
SGX support will most likely be included with Kernel 3.12 (see TI Graphics SDK release 5.01.00.01), which is being worked on now (January 2014).
Xorg Drivers
cd /opt/scripts/tools/ git pull
cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/ ./ti-omapdrm.sh
BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black:
cd /opt/scripts/tools/graphics/ ./ti-tilcdc.sh
Building the Kernel
Download Source:
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel.git
Build the kernel:
Optionally building the *.deb file:
Using a File for Swap Instead of a Partition
On the Beagleboard you should expect to require a swap file given the limitation of how little RAM is available (between 256 MB and 512 MB). Some system programs like apt-get will only run properly when some swap space is present (due to 256 MB not being enough RAM).
Some images (such as those from Linaro.org) do not come with a swap partition or any swap space allocated.
Under Linux, swap space can be either a dedicated partition or a swap file. Both can be mounted as swap which the OS can access.
Creating a Swapfile
The following commands will create a 1 GB file, limit access only to root, format it as swap and then make it available to the OS:
sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/swap/ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/cache/swap/swapfile bs=1M count=1024 sudo chmod 0600 /var/cache/swap/swapfile sudo mkswap /var/cache/swap/swapfile sudo swapon /var/cache/swap/swapfile
To tell the OS to load this swapfile on each start up, edit the /etc/fstab file to include the following additional line:
/var/cache/swap/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
To verify that the swapfile is accessilble as swap to the OS, run "top" or "htop" at a console.
Ubuntu Software
Wi-Fi Networking (command line)
It is relatively easy to configure a Wi-Fi card from the command line.
You will need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file. There are several guides available via Google.
This is a particularly useful guide http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=202834
A sample /etc/network/interfaces file for a WPA2 encrypted access point is:
auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto wlan0 iface wlan0 inet dhcp wpa-driver wext wpa-ssid <NAME OF AP> wpa-ap-scan 1 wpa-proto RSN wpa-pairwise CCMP wpa-group CCMP wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK wpa-psk <INSERT KEY XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX>
Your Wi-Fi card will automatically load these settings upon startup and initialize wireless network access.
Lightweight window managers
If you intend to use Ubuntu on the BeagleBoard you can install JWM or IceWM to improve performance.
JWM in particular uses little RAM. On a BeagleBoard with 256 MB, using JWM will leave about 60 MB free in which to run applications.
Web Apps
Given that the BeagleBoard has fewer resources than a desktop a lightweight browser is more responsive. Midori is a lightweight browser that still supports flash, etc. It is available from the standard repositories: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_%28web_browser%29
If you have a video source (webcam, IP cam, etc.) which appears as /dev/video0, etc. then you can use the Linux surveillance software "motion" to monitor the video stream and record periods of activity.
Motion is also available from the standard repositories: http://www.debian-administration.org/article/An_Introduction_to_Video_Surveillance_with_%27Motion%27 Using a 960x720 resolution webcam with a 15 fps rate under the UVC driver the Rev C BeagleBoard under Xubuntu reports ~60% CPU utilisation.
To make the BeagleBoard automatically start recording on boot, do the following:
- Auto Login - run "gdmsetup" from a terminal and select a user to automatically login
- Sessions - make sure you don't save any previous X Windows sessions so that it doesn't prompt you for which one you want
- motion.conf - edit /etc/motion/motion.conf to use the settings you want (that is, video output directory, record only video, record in MPEG-4, set frame rate, etc). Do this with "sudo medit /etc/motion/motion.conf" at a prompt.
- Boot script - create a new script in /etc/rc2.d called "S65motion_client" and set permissions appropriately ("sudo chmod 777 /etc/rc2.d/S65motion_client"). Then edit the file so it contains the following lines:
#! /bin/sh /usr/bin/motion -c /etc/motion/motion.conf
This will now launch the motion client as root when you boot up.
Also note that unless your BeagleBoard can remember the time (battery backed up clock installed), the timestamps will not be correct until you update the time. If your BeagleBoard has an Internet connection this can be achieved using the ntpdate application.
Willow Garage hosts the open source Robotic Operating System (ROS). While it is natively supported in Ubuntu, the official packages are only for the x86 platform. ROS can be installed from source and is generally easy to do so (although slow).
Following the instructions from here will build and install ROS on your BeagleBoard:
You will need an Internet connection for your BeagleBoard for these scripts to work.
For more information about ROS, see www.ros.org.


text: I remember when I was 10 years old or so and didn't believe in Santa any longer my parents started taking me to midnight Mass. The church was candle lit and cozy and smelled like pine. I loved singing the carols and visiting the creche after Mass and greeting Baby Jesus. We would go home then and open presents and have snacks. The walk home from church was magical. It seemed that it was always snowing and I was excited anticipating my presents and how my parents would like their presents from me (carefully selected at the local 5 & 10--I guess that would be a Dollar Store now).Christmas day we had our Christmas roast and Yorkshire pudding then the neighbor kids would come over or I would go to visit them.


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The weather lately has been cold and blustery and my thoughts are already turning to warmer weather. That stupid groundhog in Pennsylvania indicated that winter is nearly over (pfft, six weeks is nothing!) which means spring and summer are right around the corner, right?
Today, I am over at the SPD Blogger Network with a review of a fantastic new bathing suit for boys. Trust me, it's not your run of the mill suit. Come check it out! You can enter to win a suit of your own, too!


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Just for You
Admission Process
Other Sites
The primary purpose of Onondaga's Geology Club is to promote geological inquiry outside the formal classroom. The club promotes awareness of geology by means of field trips, career luncheons, attendance at professional geology meetings, and informal presentations by club members. The club also sponsors internships, job shadowing, and study groups. A secondary purpose of the club is to increase intellectual interchange and social interaction between students and faculty on an informal basis.
The Onondaga Geology Club (or GeoClub) has in recent years organized field trips to:
A more complete listing of GeoClub fieldtrips and activities can be accessed at our GeoClub Activities site.
In addition, the GeoClub organizes:
If you want to know more about the GeoClub or wish to join, we hold meetings most Wednesday's (during the fall/spring semesters) during the college hour (11:15 -12:10 pm) in Ferrante 367. Also look for our fliers around campus for planned activities. If you want to know more contact Faculty Advisor Brian McAninch.
* Please note: Onondaga Community College is not responsible for the content of personal homepages. If you have questions about a faculty homepage, please contact the individual directly. These links do not contain official college information.
Onondaga Community College
Central New York's partner in education for success.
4585 West Seneca TurnpikeSyracuse, NY 13215315.498.2000[email protected]
Live Chat
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text:
Subscribe to publish your times, comment on tye courses and download the maps.
Vous souhaitez en savoir plus, être informé sur les nouveautés, participez aux jeux concours ..... alors n'hésitez pas rejoignez la famille Espace Ski de Rando en créant un compte
从 11 janvier 到 11 janvier
Here is the detail of a day:
How to do the ascent, do the conversions and different exercises correctly
Putting on and removing the skins
Get your gear, clothes, equipment, make a backpack...
Basics for the descent
How to choose your race
How to be equipped (contents of the bag, clothes,...) This day takes place in a safe area on the avalanche level.
and all the tips and tricks!
Beyond this initiation, training in the use of the DVA is essential before going to the mountains.
Training supervised by mountain professionals. 4 people minimum
Rates: 49€ without equipment rental
Equipment rental possible: 35€ skis, boots, skins and 10€ safety pack (DVA, shovel and probe) to book in advance. If you rent equipment, the appointment time is advanced to 9am at the Raidlight/Vertical store in Saint Pierre de Chartreuse.
Duration: meet at the Espace Ski de Rando at 9:30 am at the end of the morning around 12:30 pm (subject to change depending on the weather).
Required equipment: Clothing adapted to the mountain in winter, preferably MP+ type.
Snacks and personal drinks
Sunglasses, gloves, hat
Backpack from 20 to 35l minimum equipped for carrying skis


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Discussion Starter • #1 •
Im looking to increase hp on my 97 c1500 5.7L but not wanting to spend a whole lot on a college students budget. Right now the motor is stock just has an aftermarket exhaust. n what brand of shorties n high flow cats would go good with true dual flowmasters 40 series mufflers


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Twenty years after Somali government collapse, Minnesota youth reflect on ongoing war
Kids who play soccer in Mogadishu know what to do when a fight breaks out near their playground.
"We will lie flat on the ground and then start playing right away when the fighting stops," said Hussein Elmi, 23, who grew up in Somalia's troubled capital city and came to Minnesota three years ago.
Everyone was used to the fighting, and nearly everyone had a gun.
"Carrying a gun is part of your dress," said Mohamed Ali, another Mogadishu native, and now a senior at the University of Minnesota. "You don't go out without a gun."
Ali and Elmi are part of a generation of Somali-born youth left with a dark legacy of unresolved conflict stemming from a civil war that has disrupted their lives.
Twenty years ago today, on Jan. 26, 1991, Somalia's central government collapsed after rival clans ousted President Mohamed Siad Barre from power. Somalia today remains at war with itself and young Somali refugees across the globe have only known their homeland as a failed state.
"Carrying a gun is part of your dress ... you don't go out without a gun."
Although about 15 national reconciliation conferences have been held outside Somalia, none has succeeded. And there is still a question mark over the chances of peace for the people of Somalia. Since the war started, the country has continued to spiral downward, every year ending with the specter of another year of bloodshed.
"It is really painful to see Somalia right now without peace," said an emotional Ali, staring into his coffee cup. "When you sit and think about it, you really feel deep pain."
Born in 1980, Ali has a story shared by many of his generation. He finished high school in 2001, at the height of the conflict in Mogadishu and then fled to Egypt in 2002 where he studied agriculture at Cairo University.
Ali said he struggles with flashbacks related to his experiences from Mogadishu.
His generation inhabits two different worlds. In one world, their childhood country still exists in their memories, and in the current one, they've started new lives in foreign countries.
"There is no connection between me and my childhood," Ali said. "There are a lot of potholes in between."
"In Somalia, the first thing you think about when you wake up in the morning is [your] security," Ali said. "Everything else pales in comparison. And here in Minnesota, the first thing you think about is how to be someone valuable in the community, how to do well in school and how to build your life."
An undocumented number of people have died in Somalia of warfare, starvation, famine and diseases. Many others escaped to neighboring countries as refugees. Some, like Elmi and Ali, found their way to Minnesota, home to the largest Somali-American community.
Elmi said he never dreamed of leaving Somalia. He finished his primary school there, enjoyed playing soccer in the numerous playing grounds in Mogadishu, and would have liked to continue his education in the troubled capital.
But Elmi said he could not stomach the horrors that resulted from the war: he saw young people like him joining militia groups, his best friend died in a crossfire, and random fighting between militia groups constantly interrupted his education.
When he was 15, Elmi ran away from the mayhem of Somalia's civil war to seek refuge in neighboring Kenya. He left his family back in Somalia. His intended destination was America, and by the time he was 21, Elmi ended up in Minnesota, where he had family and friends.
But Elmi's journey, which took him through six countries, was not an easy one. He was detained in Mexico for 10 days and was told to leave the country within 30 days. Elmi crossed the border to the U.S. and turned himself in to immigration officials at the border. He was in a detention center in San Diego for five months.
"In the center, we were freely practicing our religion," Elmi said. Elmi gave Friday khutbah, or sermons, in Arabic to the Muslims in the detention center. He had three meals a day.
"In Somalia, it is not even guaranteed that some people may get three meals a day," Elmi said.
He told authorities he had run away from the violence in Somalia. He was granted asylum.
Unlike Elmi, Abdirahman Ikar, who came to Rochester in 1995, has lived most of his life in Minnesota. He left Somalia in 1991, when he was just 1. He lived for four years in a refugee camp in Kenya, before his family came to Minnesota.
"I was born as the war was starting, and every birthday that I have reminds me of how long this war has been going on," Ikar said.
Life outside Somalia has had its own share of problems for Somalis. In Minnesota, some young Somalis have turned to violence and gang life. In the latest incident this week, two young Somali men were shot and injured outside the Brian Coyle Center in Minneapolis, the same place where a college student was shot and killed three years ago. And one year ago, three men of East African descent were shot and killed inside the Seward Market in Minneapolis.
While acknowledging the problems, Ikar said he is grateful for the opportunities he has as a result of living in America. He said that Somali youth in Minnesota are becoming more educated, volunteering, and giving back to the broader community.
"We have our own unique Somali-American culture," Ikar said. "But we are definitely an asset to the communities we live in."
While Somali youth are integrating into their new communities, many of them still think about their home country. Hoodo Hassan, a psychology and English major at the university, wrote a poem on Mashriq Quaterly, an online magazine on East African affairs, that captures the situation in Somalia.
The poem, titled 'Dawn', portrays life in Somalia as "like [living] inside of a kiln." She describes how people with "jaundiced eyes look to heaven for mediation, while another woman dons the widow's white scarf."
Despite the gloomy reality, Somali youth like Ikar are optimistic that their country will eventually regain peace.
"I'm saying this to encourage other Somalis," Ikar said. "We have persevered despite the odds against us."


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Back in the 1980s, when Greg Morhardt was just another minor leaguer on his way to soon becoming an ex-minor leaguer, he crossed paths with players such as Rafael Palmeiro, Will Clark, Mark McGwire and Barry Bonds.
Decades later, when Morhardt became an area scout, he recalled those future major league stars as he watched a muscular teenager from New Jersey.
"Gee whiz," Morhardt recalled thinking, "Mike Trout is 16 or 17 and he's really better than all of them."
Back then, it may have seemed like hyperbole when Morhardt filed glowing, almost unbelievable reports, on Trout. Today, it makes sense.
Trout is a virtual lock to be selected the AL Rookie of the Year on Monday. He's also got a shot to win the AL MVP Award, which will be announced Thursday. Trout could join Fred Lynn and Ichiro Suzuki as the only players to win the Rookie of the Year and the MVP in the same season.
Trout is the underdog in the MVP race because Miguel Cabrera won baseball's first Triple Crown in 45 years. Trout supporters would say his season was just as historic. He was the first rookie to combine 30 homers and 40 stolen bases. He led the majors with 129 runs.
"The home run power you expected to come because he has the frame and the quickness and the strength," Morhardt said, "but you thought maybe it would be a year or two later."
As high as expectations were for Trout, they weren't this high.
"None of us thought he'd be as good as he'd be last year, at 20 years old," former Angels scouting director Eddie Bane said. "You could dream about it when he was 27 or 30. Even then, we'd have been told we were crazy."
That's because in the spring of 2009, when teams were assembling their lists and preparing for the draft, none of them thought Trout would do what he's done. Good thing, too. Or the Angels wouldn't have been able to get him with the 25th pick, after 21 other teams said, "No, thanks," including the Washington Nationals and Arizona Diamondbacks twice.
"He definitely moved a lot quicker and turned out to be a hell of a ballplayer a lot quicker than people were anticipating," said San Francisco Giants scouting director John Barr, who picked sixth. "I think we all look back now and think, 'Geez, we wish he was higher on our boards.'"
The Angels had Trout at No. 2 on their board, behind only Stephen Strasburg.
"And even that may have been a little low," Bane said.
Although Strasburg was baseball's consensus No. 1 pick, a once-in-a-generation talent who has lived up to the billing so far in his major-league career, there was at least one voice in the Angels' draft room who dissented.
"I didn't think there was a better player than Mikey," said Morhardt, who now works as a national crosschecker. "I'll put him against anybody. Sometimes you have to jump out there a little bit. I didn't think there was a better amateur player in the country. At some point he's going to have a chance to be a Hall of Fame baseball player."
Morhardt, who lives in Connecticut, was tipped off to Trout in the spring of 2008, during the outfielder's junior year of high school. Morhardt immediately recognized the last name, and wondered if Trout was related to Jeff Trout, Morhardt's former minor-league teammate. He found out that was Mike Trout's father.
Morhardt began following Trout, and he invited him to play on an Angels-sponsored team in a couple of scouting showcases that summer. The more he saw of Trout, the more he fell in love with the kid.
During one of the first workouts, Morhardt watched Trout hit in an indoor batting cage at Yankee Stadium and impress immediately: "Within a few swings you could just see that this kid was a lot better than everybody else."
Trout's speed was eye-popping. Bane said right-handed hitters never run under four seconds from the box to first base, but Trout was consistently 3.9. He also had the muscular build of a football player, and the strength translated to power.
"There are a lot of kids that are strong, and a lot that are fast, but most kids don't have that combination," Morhardt said. "It's very rare."
Beyond his raw tools, Trout showed a special understanding of the game.
"He had a very unique ability to concentrate," Morhardt said. "He saw everything that was going on around him. When he'd slide into a base and the ball would squirt away, he'd know exactly the speed of the ball and where it was going. He was able to read other weaknesses of athletes and take advantage. Mike didn't have a deficiency at all."
The final piece to the scouting puzzle was filled in when Bane went out to dinner with Trout and his parents before the draft.
"You knew you were going to get as good a player as you could because the family was so good," said Bane, who now works as a special assistant for the Boston Red Sox. "They did things the way you want to see them done."
Once Bane was sold on Trout, all that was left for the Angels was to hope that Trout would make it past those other 21 teams on draft day. Fortunately for the Angels, a couple factors dropped Trout on other teams' lists.
First, he was from New Jersey. Because of the weather in the northeast, the high school baseball season is short, so scouts have less opportunity to see the players.
"Guys there have a very short scouting window because of the weather," said Oakland A's scouting director Eric Kubota, who nearly took Trout with the 13th pick. "If you happened to go in and he had a bad day, which all guys do, you might not have had the opportunity to get in and see him again. In Florida and California and Texas, you have plenty of time. It's a lot harder when they are up in the northeast."
Morhardt counted on this. In fact, once the Angels had seen all they needed to see, Morhardt joked to Trout's father: "I hope Mike doesn't get a hit the rest of the year."
There was also a concern with Trout because of the way he wrapped his top hand around the bat. Some scouts thought he would become a dead-pull hitter. Morhardt said that question was answered when he asked Trout, during a workout the previous summer, to hit some balls the other way. Trout proceeded to hit five or six line drives into right.
"They weren't sure if his swing was going to play," Morhardt said. "I think it was looking too much at the negative, which wasn't really a negative. The positive is he's faster than everyone, stronger than everyone, and when he hits it, he hits it harder than everyone."
Trout stood out on draft day simply by showing up. The 2009 draft was the first to be televised, but only Trout accepted the invitation to attend at the MLB Network's Secaucus, N.J., studios. Most of the other top players had been advised by their agents not to be there, Bane said.
"Mike showed his character by showing up," Bane said. "That should have showed something right there."
Trout was still sitting there in the studio, waiting to be picked, when the Angels had back-to-back selections, Nos. 24 and 25, so they knew they'd not only get Trout, but Randall Grichuk, a high school outfielder from Texas.
Although first-round picks can often linger into August before they sign, Bane got a call from Jeff Trout a week after the draft telling him his son was ready to sign: "Get him out of here," Jeff said. "He's driving me crazy at the house."
A couple weeks later, Trout signed for $1.215 million, the suggested slot value for the 25th pick.
"Obviously, it was one of the biggest bargains of all time," Bane said. "But I don't think Mike is going to have to worry about money much."
Not if he keeps churning out seasons like 2012. Trout is one of the game's most exciting stars already and, believe it or not, Morhardt thinks he can do even better. He said Trout actually will expose pitchers' weaknesses, once he knows them, more than they will expose his.
That's not usually how it works, but Morhardt said there's nothing typical about Trout.
"When you have a guy that athletic and strong and who has those instincts, you break the mold of the normal process," Morhardt said. "Every once in a while, you run into a guy like Mike. Mike is up there with the greats of all time at this young age."
Contact the writer: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Thank you to the wonderful Jewish Hostesses that sent in their Tu Bishvat tables to share!
I promised this fabulous Decorating with Flowers Coffee Table Book to the most unique centerpiece but I need my Jewish Hostess readers help in deciding!
Please comment below with your favorite! Marlene
1-Tu Bishvat fruit and flowers centerpiece, colorful placemats, gorgeous flowers by Marcy Sued.
2- A modern Tu Bishvat by Leila Akkad:
3- A cascading floral and Tu Bishvat fruit centerpiece by Esther Sassoon:
4- A stunning floral punch of tropical flowers and Tu Bishvat fruits by Joyce Silverman:
5-A mediterranean Tubishvat dinner by Hana Itzhaki of lakosherkitchen.com :
Announcing the winner- Joyce Silverman with most votes!!
Related articles
- 10 Cool Tu Bi' Shvat Activities for Today's Kids (thejewishhostess.com)
- A Tasty Moroccan Tu Bishvat Table From Hana Itzhaki in LA (thejewishhostess.com)
- My 10 Minute Tu Bishvat Centerpiece- Easy and Beautiful by The Jewish Hostess (thejewishhostess.com)
- 4 Gorgeous Fruit-Filled DIY Tu B'ishvat Centerpieces (thejewishhostess.com)
- Tu B'ishvat Coconut Almond Date Truffles (thejewishhostess.com)
- Tu Bishvat Exotic Fruit and Flowers Centerpiece by Esther Sassoon In Israel (thejewishhostess.com)
- Which Tu Bishvat Table Is Your Favorite? Help Me Pick A Winner! (thejewishhostess.com)


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We remodeled our 1957 Eichler home in South Palo Alto two years ago. We still have the original black pendant lighting globes----2 from the hallway with 6" long pendant, 30" diameter globe, and 2 from the living area with 18" black pendant. All four have wires intact for use. Selling at $130.00 each. Must pick up.
Do you still have the pendants available?
I know it's a year after your post but if you or anyone has any globes or entire hanging globe fixtures for sale, I'm interested.
Ninon 415 233 3275 email@example.com


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WELCOMEToPony Party PeopleBrought to you byBarclay Farm!
Our farm is located in historic Bucks County in Northampton Township.We have been in the horse business since 1946 and we are fully insured.Helping to make your event memorable and exciting is our number one priority. We provide gentle ponies with friendly handlers.If you have an idea, we want to work with you to make your day unique!
All Rights Reserved. © 2018 Barclay Farm.Web Services by DIY Website Builder.


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All orders are sent via UK couriers ensuring fast and reliable delivery.
We pride ourselves on delivering excellent customer service.
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If you have a question or query, why not give us a call! 0191 3711591


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Discussion Starter • #1 •
I have a 1996 GMC Jimmy and everytime the truck is in 3rd gear (somewhere around 40-50mph) the truck seems to have hesitation or a sputtering feeling. When I accelerate up to 55-60mph that hesitation is no longer there. What could be causing this? The truck has 240,000 miles on but still runs really good and has a lot of power.


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Model: 19V 4.74A 5525
Output Type: DC
Color: Black
Connection: Plug In
HS Code: 8504319000
Usage: Laptop
DC Size: 5.5*2.5mm
Transport Package: Carton box
Warranty: 12 Months
Origin: Guangzhou, China
Category: Adapter / Charger / Power supply
1. Brand new material.
2. Certifications: CE & FCC & ROHS & IEC & MSDS.
3. Factory direct sales.
4. Strictly quality control.
5. High efficiency and capacity.
6. Professional after-sales.
1. Regular package: each one with PE bag,50pcs/carton.
2. Individual package: inner box inside,50pcs/carton.
3. Customized package is accepted.
Delivery time: 1-3 days for samples,3-15 days for batch order.
1. By express/courier(Door to Door): FedEx/DHL/UPS, etc.
2. By Air or by Sea shipment.
3. Customers specifying freight forwarders and negotiable shipping methods.


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Student-Run Investment Funds to Yield High Educational Returns
Management Students to Learn About the World of Finance Through Trading Actual Securities
Dozens of finance students soon will be spending part of their days analyzing stock performance, checking returns and keeping up with investment trends as participants in the Naveen Jindal School of Management'snew student-run investment fund.
The Jindal School joins hundreds of business schools nationwide that have set up student-managed investment funds, most funded through endowments or donor funds, as teaching tools that offer future investment professionals a chance to manage real money while receiving course credit and earning their degrees.
Finance professor Robert Kieschnick's family established the UT Dallas Student Investment Corp. with a donation last fall.
The UT Dallas Student Investment Corp. was established last fall, thanks to a donation from the family of Jindal School finance professor Dr. Robert Kieschnick, who recognized the importance of giving students the skills needed to be successful in the highly competitive finance world.
"We've been encouraging students to get involved in investing and have offered multiple opportunities for students to learn about investing and managing money," said Kieschnick, an associate professor who is coordinator of the Jindal School's Finance and Managerial Economics area. These opportunities have included a high school stock market competition and mock portfolio competitions, he said, "but students want to manage real money."
The investment funds will give students an ongoing, structured way of managing investment funds, Kieschnick said. "The funds also give students the ability to recognize their experience on their résumés, as they will be interns of the UT Dallas Student Investment Corporation."
The Kieschnick family donated $60,000 to launch the funds — $30,000 for the undergraduate fund, which focuses on domestic securities; and $30,000 for the graduate fund, which focuses on emerging market securities. Part of the money generated by both funds, Kieschnick said, will fund student scholarships.
"We've been encouraging students to get involved in investing and have offered multiple opportunities for students to learn about investing and managing money. … But students want to manage real money."
Dr. Robert Kieschnick,
coordinator of the
Jindal School's Finance and Managerial Economics area
"We're still waiting for the tax ruling, and once we get that, we can begin soliciting additional funds. To maintain a 501(c)(3), or nonprofit status, we have to raise the majority of the funds from more than one source, and at the moment, it's coming from one source," Kieschnick said.
Finance students will not only get to trade stocks, but they'll also get to experience the excitement of Wall Street in late 2014 when the school's future stock marketing trading lab opens its doors. A fully equipped trading lab, which will be located in the Jindal School's new addition scheduled for completion in 2014, will model the best trading rooms in financial capitals worldwide.
The lab, which will be equipped with an electronic ticker, video wall, multiple work stations, Bloomberg terminals and advanced trading software, will be designed for the student-managed investment fund, research, classroom teaching, professional development and presentations.
"This will allow students to develop the kinds of skills that many employers are wanting," said Kieschnick.
To participate in the investment fund, students must first take an investment management course (FIN 4300 for undergraduates and FIN 6310 for graduate students). To sign up for the investment fund course (FIN 4380 for undergraduates and FIN 6380 for graduate students), students must first get approval from the instructor.
For more information about the undergraduate fund, contact Jared Pickens, director of the undergraduate finance program. For more information about the graduate fund, contact Mark McNabb.
To support the fund, contact Erica Yaeger, assistant dean of development and alumni relations, at [email protected] or 972-883-5855.
Media Contact: The Office of Media Relations, UT Dallas, (972) 883-2155, [email protected].


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Since 1998, over the last four national election cycles, the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) has provided support to Indonesia's civil society, electoral institutions, and other key stakeholders, across the whole range of electoral disciplines to include legal drafting, election system design, results mechanisms, seat allocation, electoral dispute resolution, voter registration, and voter education and public information.
Among the outcomes of IFES' activities in Indonesia to date:
- One of IFES' most important achievements has been its profound commitment to Indonesian experts and their institutions. IFES has helped build wide expertise within an open national electoral community, facilitating unprecedented levels of collaboration between election management bodies, civil society and academia.
- The impact of this long-term project on collaboration and capacity building within the electoral sector was on full display in the 2014 election cycle. With one of the largest single-day elections in the world, the 2014 national elections illustrated significant strides in the transparency and effectiveness of the electoral process in Indonesia.
- In 2011, IFES and three prominent Indonesian NGOs established the General Election Network for Disability Access (AGENDA). Partnering with regional disabled persons' organizations, AGENDA has been working on improving access to political and electoral opportunities for persons with disabilities in Southeast Asia.
For the 2019 election cycle and hundreds of local elections until then, IFES continues to work with civil society and academia to support electoral legal reform, improvement of election operations, inclusion of women, youth, and persons with disabilities in the electoral process, and maintenance of a comprehensive Indonesian election information portal (rumahpemilu.org).


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purple dress
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Genetically engineered spiders may be the stuff of comic books, but what about genetically engineered silkworms? Working at the University of Wyoming, a team led by Dr Donald Jarvis has successfully modified silkworms in order to make them spin stronger silk that contains spider proteins. This makes the silk much more elastic and extensible, opening up a wide range of applications including textiles, bandages for burn victims, and even bullet-proof vests.
Previously, spider silk proteins have been produced by transgenic bacteria and other natural cells, but the all attempts to incorporate them into fibers spun by silkworms have resulted in very low yields. However the team's new method, which was reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has seen the creation of fibers that are at least as tough as spider silk and stronger than those spun by silkworms.
Speaking to The Telegraph, Dr Jarvis said: "Spider silks have enormous potential as biomaterials for various applications, but serious obstacles to spider farming preclude the natural manufacturing approach. Thus, there is a need to develop an effective biotechnological approach for spider silk fiber production. In addition to being used as sutures, silk fiber hold great potential as biomaterials for wound dressings, artificial ligaments, tendons, tissue scaffolds, microcapsules, and other applications."
"Silkworms are the current biological source of silk sutures, but spider silk fiber have superior mechanical properties that are ideal for procedures requiring finer sutures, such as ocular, neurological, and cosmetic surgeries. These results demonstrate that silkworms can be engineered to manufacture composite silk fibers containing stably integrated spider silk protein sequences, which significantly improve the overall mechanical properties of the parental silkworm silk fibers."
So by being both stronger and more flexible, spider silk is set to revolutionize both the medical and defense industries.
+ University of Wyoming
Via The Telegraph
Images © littlefishyjes, ingridtaylar, kathrynaaker, Sarah Twitchell


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As Texas's defending Class 1A, Division I champions, the Mason Punchers are the pride of their central Texas town, population 2,000. But I dunno. I just can't think of the right way to sum up the theme of the Punchers' upcoming season. Maybe someone—the head coach, a couple of players, a reporter—in the KLST video clip above can help me out. Anyone?
[KLST; h/t to Gabe C.]


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I enjoy writing about Rush Limbaugh because any post about him is guaranteed to attract 50 nutjob liberal commenters complaining that Limbaugh is destroying the world, followed by 50 nutjob conservative commenters declaring that BARAK HUSSAYN OBAMA IS HITLER. Limbaugh's quite adept at bringing the two lunatic ends of the political spectrum together for a furious bout of online dance fighting.
Well, producer James Sclafani believes Limbaugh's ability to attract controversy makes him the perfect movie subject. Deadline explains that Sclafani is actively working on a Limbaugh biopic as we speak. Will it be a cheap hagiography designed to appeal to dittoheads, directed by Senor Spielbergo? Or will it be a devious liberal sendup? Well, Sclafani insists it will be neither:
Sclafani… has written a feature film about Limbaugh's life that is in the process of being packaged and shopped for financing. Sclafani, who recently sold his script Counter Kid to Bill Murray's Devoted Pictures, optioned The Rush Limbaugh Story: Talent on Loan from God, an unauthorized biography by longtime Gotham-based journalist Paul Colford, who currently heads media relations for the AP. The book served as the basis for the script.
Sclafani said the script he's written is a close cousin to the Oliver Stone-directed George W. Bush feature W, in that he tries to get beneath the surface politics and controversies and down to the ambition and demons that drove Limbaugh's success…
"This is Citizen Kane meets Private Parts, where you have a man who always had trouble relating to people in the outside world, but does it effortlessly in the booth," said Sclafani.
Two years ago, Zev Chafets of New York Times wrote a profile of Limbaugh (since turned into a book) that achieved the kind of complexity Sclafani is looking for. Politics aside, Limbaugh IS an interesting subject. An entire army of conservatives take their cues from him, but he seems a profoundly lonely man. Like Richard Nixon, he appears driven by a sense that the "elites" of the world will never accept him as one of their own, and constantly uses that phantom exclusivity against them. We've all felt excluded at times. We've all felt that there was some club of people who went to great lengths to keep us out, and we've always resented them for it. I know I've felt that way. Limbaugh, like Stern (always the Hollywood outsider), knows EXACTLY how to use those feelings to make great radio. Also, he's a recovering drug addict. And who doesn't like a good drug addict story?
Unlike Sarah Palin, Limbaugh really IS a shrewd person who knows how to extract the precise reaction he wants out of people, be they with him or against him. You never know if he's being genuine when he's saying something completely insane, and that's the point. The question is: Can any movie look beyond the political bluster and find the soul of Limbaugh? It appears Sclafani will give it a go. Kevin Farley's agent is already foaming at the mouth.


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Those planning to attend the meeting on August 7th and who wish to join in the shooting are asked to inform the new Hon Sec in writing in plenty of time so that suitable arrangements may be made - including the all important insurance Please also state what type of bow you will be using.
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