text:
National Climate Report - February 2013
National Overview:
- Climate Highlights — February
- The February average temperature for the contiguous U.S. was 34.8°F, which was 0.8°F above the 20th century average.
- February temperatures were near-average for a Canadian-border states and parts of the Gulf Coast were warmer than average.
- The nationally-averaged precipitation total during February was 2.00 inches, which was 0.02 inch below the long-term average, masking regional wet and dry extremes.
- The Oregon's precipitation total of 1.20 inches was 2.00 inches below average and marked the seventh driest February for the state.
- Rhode Island its third wettest.
- Georgia had its wettest February on record with 9.92 inches of precipitation, 5.42 inches above average. The above-average precipitation drastically improved drought conditions which have been present since the summer of 2010. Neighboring Alabama had its fourth wettest February and South Carolina its seventh wettest.
- Three major winter storms impacted the nation during February, contributing to an above-average monthly snow cover extent, according to data from the Rutgers Global Snow Lab. A Nor'easter hit the East Coast on February 7th-10th, dropping over 30 inches of snow in parts of New England. The storm was rated a Category 3 on the Northeast Snowfall Impact Scale (NESIS), which takes into account snowfall accumulation in the densely populated areas of the northeastern United States. Back-to-back winter storms hit the central U.S. on February 20th-23rd and 25th-28th, bringing heavy snowfall totals and near blizzard conditions from New Mexico to Michigan.
- According to the February 26 U.S. Drought Monitor report, 54.2 percent of the contiguous U.S. was experiencing moderate-to-exceptional drought, smaller than the 57.7 percent at the end of January. Drought conditions continued to plague much of the Great Plains and West.
- Climate Highlights — winter season (December 2012 — February 2013)
- The average temperature for the contiguous U.S. during the winter season was 34.3°F, 1.9°F above the 20th century average, marking the 20th warmest winter on record.
- near-average winter temperatures reported in the Northwest.
- The winter nationally-averaged precipitation total of 7.10 inches was 0.63 inch above the long-term average.
- The Below-average precipitation occurred from the West Coast through the Northern Plains and Rockies.
- According to data from the Rutgers Global Snow Lab, the winter average snow cover extent for the contiguous U.S. was 1.3 million square miles, which was 127,000 square miles above the 1981-2010 average. This marked the 15th largest seasonal snow cover extent in the 1966-present period of record.
- The U.S. Climate Extremes Index (USCEI), an index that tracks the highest and lowest 10 percent of extremes in temperature, precipitation, drought and tropical cyclones across the contiguous U.S., was slightly below average during the December-February, period. However, the component that examines the spatial extent of drought was more than three times the normal value for the 3-month period.
- Based on NOAA's Residential Energy Demand Temperature Index, the contiguous U.S. temperature-related energy demand was less than half the 1895-2012 period of record average during winter. This was the 14th smallest such value on record.
- Climate Highlights — year-to-date (January — February)
- The first two months of 2013 were warmer than average for the contiguous U.S. with a nationally-averaged temperature of 33.3°F, 1.2°F above average. Utah had its 12th coolest January-February, with temperatures 5.3°F below average.
- The January–February precipitation total for the U.S. was 4.36 inches, just 0.12 inch below average. Above-average precipitation was present for parts of the Midwest and Gulf Coast, where seven states were top ten wet.
Alaska Temperature and Precipitation:
- Alaska had its 41st warmest February since records began in 1918, with a temperature 3.0°F (1.7°C) above the 1971–2000 average.
- Alaska had its 27th warmest winter season (December 2012-February 2013) since records began in 1918, with a temperature 2.0°F (1.1°C) above the 1971–2000 average.
- Alaska had its 15th warmest January-February since records began in 1918, with a temperature 5.0°F (2.8°C) above the 1971–2000 average.
- Alaska had its 29th wettest February since records began in 1918, with an anomaly that was 33.0 percent above the 1971–2000 average.
- Alaska had its 17th wettest winter season (December 2012-February 2013) since records began in 1918, with an anomaly that was 32.2 percent above the 1971–2000 average.
- Alaska had its 12th wettest January-February since records began in 1918, with an anomaly that was 54.1 percent above the 1971–2000 average.
For additional details about recent temperatures and precipitation across the U.S., see the Regional Highlights section below and visit the Climate Summary page". For information on local temperature and precipitation records during the month, please visit NCDC's Records page. For details and graphics on weather events across the U.S. and the globe please visit NCDC's Global Hazards page.
Regional Highlights:
These regional summaries were provided by the six Regional Climate Centers and reflect conditions in their respective regions. These six regions differ spatially from the nine climatic regions of the National Climatic Data Center.
- Northeast Region: (Information provided by the Northeast Regional Climate Center)
- Preliminary data indicates that the average temperature for February in the Northeast was neither above nor below normal: at 26.4 degrees F (-3.1 degrees C), it was exactly normal. Seven states were cooler than average with departures ranging from -1.9 degrees F (-1.1 degrees C) in West Virginia to -0.2 degrees F (-0.1 degrees C) in Connecticut. Of the five warm states, three ranked February 2013 in their top 25 warmest: Maine, 15th and New Hampshire and Vermont, 22nd. Departures among the warm states ranged from +0.3 degrees F (+0.2 degrees C) in Massachusetts to +3.2 degrees F (+1.8 degrees C) in Maine. For Winter 2012-13, the Northeast's average temperature of 28.8 degrees F (-1.8 degrees C) was 2.6 degrees F (1.4 degrees C) above average making it the 16th warmest winter in 118 years. Despite the mixed temperatures of February, winter ranked as one of the top 25 warmest in all states. Departures ranged from +2.1 degrees F (+1.2 degrees C) in Connecticut to +3.9 degrees F (+2.2 degrees C) in Delaware.
- Total precipitation in the Northeast was down in February. The 2.56 inches (65.02 mm) of precipitation was 0.14 inches (3.56 mm) below average and 94 percent of normal. The states were split with six drier than normal and six wetter than normal. In terms of percent of normal, West Virginia was the driest state at 57 percent, making it their 16th driest February on record. Of the other dry states departures ranged from 69 percent of normal in Vermont, their 26th driest, to 98 percent of normal in New Hampshire. Rhode Island was the wettest state at 174 percent of normal, making it their 3rd wettest February. Departures for the other wet states were from 113 percent of normal in Connecticut to 139 percent of normal in Massachusetts, their 8th wettest. As for Winter 2012-13, the Northeast received 10.37 inches (263.4 mm) of precipitation (113 percent of normal). Eight states ended up wetter than average while four states reported drier than normal winters. Of the eight wet states, four ranked this winter as one of their 25 wettest: Pennsylvania, 19th; New York, 21st; New Jersey, 22nd; and Rhode Island, 23rd. Departures for the wet states ranged from 105 percent of normal in Delaware and Massachusetts to 122 percent of normal in New Jersey. For the dry states departures ranged from 86 percent of normal in Connecticut to 99 percent of normal in New Hampshire.
- A clipper system and coastal storm merged to create blizzard conditions in parts of the Northeast from the 8th through 9th. The storm dumped record-setting snowfall from New York to Maine. The highest snowfall total of 40 inches (101.6 cm) was reported in Hamden, CT. Strong winds (a gust of 83 mph (37 m/s) was reported in Falmouth, MA) brought whiteout conditions to much of New England and whipped up waves that carved a 1,600-foot-wide (487.68 m) hole in the barrier beach near Chatham, MA. In New York, the storm left more than a hundred cars stranded along the Long Island Expressway while in Connecticut there were reports of over a dozen collapsed roofs due to the snow. The storm left some 650,000 customers without power and resulted in a dozen deaths. At the end of the month, a potent storm brought a mix of precipitation to the Northeast. Up to 19 inches (48.26 cm) of snow was reported in southwestern Vermont while 1/2 inch (1.27 cm) of ice accumulated in northwestern New Jersey and nearly 2.00 inches (50.8 mm) of rain fell in eastern New York. The storm set precipitation records at eleven climate sites.
- For more information, please go to the Northeast Regional Climate Center Home Page.
- Midwest Region: (Information provided by the Midwest Regional Climate Center)
- February temperatures averaged near to slightly below normal across the Midwest. The coldest temperatures relative to normal were across the upper Midwest where parts of Minnesota and Wisconsin were as much as 4 degrees F (2 C) below normal. Despite the monthly average of below normal temperatures, the second week of the month was warm across the region. Temperatures were as much as 9 degrees F (5 C) above normal in Iowa. A warm start to the winter (December-February) season kept seasonal temperature departures above normal for much of the Midwest despite the cooler than normal February. Most of the southeastern half of the region was 2 degrees F (1 C) or more above normal for the winter.
- February precipitation ranged from less than 50 percent of normal in parts of Kentucky and less than 75 percent of normal in southwest Iowa to more than 200 percent of normal in northwest Minnesota and near Lake Michigan. Above normal precipitation was recorded from Missouri north to Minnesota and northeast to Michigan. Near normal precipitation fell across Indiana and northern Ohio. Winter precipitation was above normal for nearly all of the Midwest. Western Iowa and northwest Missouri were slightly below normal but precipitation totals increased to more than 150 percent of normal in northwest Minnesota and along a swath from southern Wisconsin across the middle of the lower peninsula of Michigan. Snow totals were well below normal in the first two months of winter in Kentucky and along a swath from Missouri to Lower Michigan, however several storm systems tracked through Missouri in February and brought winter totals to more than twice normal in northern Missouri. The snowiest locations in Missouri picked up 20 to 24 inches (50 to 60 cm) of snow in a week. Northern parts of Illinois and Indiana were below normal for the season along with Kentucky which missed out on much of the snow in February.
- Drought conditions improved slightly in the Midwest in February. While much of the western half of the region remains in drought, the severity has lessened slightly in locations outside Iowa and southern Minnesota. Although precipitation was plentiful in the upper Midwest, concerns remain as the soils were frozen solid which will lead to much of the precipitation running off rather than recharging the very dry soil moisture profile.
- For details on the weather and climate events of the Midwest, see the weekly summaries in the Midwest Climate Watch page.
- Southeast Region: (Information provided by the Southeast Regional Climate Center)
- Mean temperatures were variable across the Southeast in February. Monthly temperatures were 1 to 2 degrees F (0.5 to 1.1 degrees C) above average across Florida and coastal sections of Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia and Puerto Rico. In contrast, monthly temperatures were 1 to 2 degrees F below average across the rest of the region, including interior sections of Puerto Rico, with the greatest departures across central and northern portions of the Carolinas. Monthly temperatures were near normal across the U.S. Virgin Islands. Regionally, the warmest weather occurred between the 11th and 13th of the month, with maximum temperatures exceeding 60 degrees F (15.6 degrees C) across northern Virginia and 80 degrees F (26.7 degrees C) across southeastern Georgia. Temperatures were also unseasonably warm across much of the Florida Peninsula during the last week of the month. Inverness, FL, located northwest of Orlando, recorded a monthly record maximum temperature of 90 degrees F (32.2 degrees C) on the 23rd (period of record: 1899-2013). In contrast, the coldest weather occurred from the 17th to the 19th of the month, with temperatures running over 20 degrees F (12.3 degrees C) below average in some places. Temperatures failed to reach 40 degrees F (4.4 degrees C) across parts of Virginia and North Carolina and 60 degrees F across much of the Florida Peninsula during this period. Subfreezing temperatures were also observed as far south as Daytona Beach, FL on the morning of the 18th.
- For the second consecutive month, precipitation was above normal across a large portion of the Southeast. The wettest locations were found across a swath extending from southern Alabama and northwest Florida through central and southern sections of Georgia and South Carolina, where monthly precipitation totals ranged from 10 inches (254 mm) to over 20 inches (508 mm) in places. One of the wettest locations was Geneva, AL (near the Alabama-Florida border) which recorded 23.51 inches (597.2 mm) for the month. Several locations recorded their wettest February on record, including Tallahassee, FL (12.36 inches (313.9 mm)), Columbus, GA (12.47 inches (316.7 mm)), Macon, GA (12.87 inches (326.9 mm)), Savannah, GA (9.75 inches (247.7 mm)), and Charleston, SC (10.47 inches (265.9 mm)). In fact, Columbus and Macon received more rainfall in February than in the previous four and five months combined, respectively, while Charleston followed a record dry January with a record wet February. Regionally, much of the monthly precipitation fell between the 7th and 14th as a frontal boundary stalled across the region. Daily rainfall totals of 2 to 5 inches (50.8 to 127 mm) were recorded across parts of Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. Another round of heavy precipitation occurred from the 22nd to 26th of the month as two low pressure systems tracked across the Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys. As much as 10 inches of rain fell across parts of northern Florida and southern sections of Alabama and Georgia, which caused some rivers to rise above flood stage. In contrast, the driest locations in February were found across northern Virginia, central Florida, and much of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, where monthly precipitation totals were less than 50 percent of normal. Orlando, FL recorded just 0.67 inches (17 mm) of rainfall for the month, which was nearly 2 inches below normal. Remarkably, the official station at Charlotte Amalie Airport on the island of St. Thomas failed to record any measurable precipitation in February.
- The Southeast was impacted by several winter storms in February. On the 3rd of the month, between 1 and 5 inches (25.4 and 127 mm) of snow fell across northern sections of Georgia and South Carolina as well as much of Virginia, while 6 to 13 inches (152.4 to 330.2 mm) of snow was reported across the higher elevations of western North Carolina. A massive storm that dumped several feet of snow across parts of New England also brought between 1 and 4 inches (25.4 and 101.6 mm) of snow to parts of northern Virginia on the 8th and 9th of the month. Another storm system on the 16th brought widespread snowfall of 1 to 3 inches (25.4 to 76.2 mm) across much of the Carolinas, Virginia, and northern Alabama. Up to 7 inches (177.8 mm) was also reported across the Southern Appalachians and trace amounts of snow were reported at several beaches along the Carolina coast. On the morning of the 19th, between 1 and 2 inches (25.4 and 50.8 mm) of snow fell across northern portions of Georgia and South Carolina, while western portions of North Carolina recorded up to 3 inches of snow. A low pressure system moving through the central U.S. on the 22nd of the month was responsible for up to an inch of snow and sleet across central North Carolina and southern Virginia. On the 26th, an ice storm struck parts of western North Carolina with up to 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) of freezing rain, which was followed by up to 6 inches of new snowfall on the 27th and 28th of the month.
- There were just 50 reports of severe weather across the Southeast in February, including four confirmed tornadoes. Two of these tornadoes, both EF-1s, occurred across Washington and Clarke Counties in southwest Alabama as part of a small outbreak that affected the southern U.S. on the 10th of the month. A few homes and structures sustained damage while several trees were snapped or uprooted. On the 25th of the month, an EF-0 tornado was observed over the St. George Island Bridge in Franklin County, FL near Apalachicola. No damage was reported. The next day, an EF-0 tornado was confirmed in Johnston County, NC near the town of Selma. The tornado caused extensive damage to a two-story barn as well as roof damage to several other structures. Also on the 26th, a severe thunderstorm moving through the Tampa Bay, FL area produced a 91 mph (40.7 m/s) wind gust at Cedar Key, resulting in downed trees and power lines. A short-lived waterspout was also captured on camera over Hillsborough Bay near downtown Tampa.
- Drought conditions continued to improve across the Southeast in February. By the end of the month, only 28 percent of the region was classified in drought (D1 and greater), down from 43 percent at the beginning of the month. Most notably, the area of extreme and exceptional drought (D3 and D4) across southeast Georgia, which had persisted for nearly two years, was eliminated. In general, the State saw up to a two category improvement in drought conditions, while much of South Carolina saw a one category improvement. Small improvements were also observed across parts of North Carolina and Virginia, while drought conditions were eliminated across nearly all of Alabama and northwest Florida. On the other hand, the warm, dry weather across much of the Florida Peninsula resulted in an emergence of moderate and severe drought (D1 and D2) across central and northeast portions of the State. The heavy rain and flooding across parts of Georgia delayed the preparation of fields for spring planting, but also helped recharge aquifers in advance of the growing season. Across northern Florida, the heavy rain aided the development of winter wheat, while the warm, dry conditions to the south helped many fruit and vegetable crops mature ahead of schedule. Only minimal crop damage was reported from the cold weather during the middle of the month.
- For more information, please go to the Southeast Regional Climate Center Home Page.
- High Plains Region: (Information provided by the High Plains Regional Climate Center)
- Average temperatures for February 2013 were generally on the cooler side for the High Plains Region. The only exceptions were the western halves of the Dakotas, southwest Wyoming, and central and eastern Nebraska. The largest above normal temperature departures occurred in western North Dakota and South Dakota where average temperatures ranged from 3.0-6.0 degrees F (1.7-3.3 degrees C) above normal. These temperature departures were not record breaking. Meanwhile, temperature departures of 3.0-6.0 degrees F (1.7-3.3 degrees C) below normal were common in central and western Colorado, central Wyoming, south-central Kansas, and the eastern sides of the Dakotas. Western Colorado had some of the larger departures in the Region with average temperatures of 6.0-10.0 degrees F (3.3-5.6 degrees C) below normal. A few locations ranked in the top 5 coolest Februaries on record in parts of Colorado. Crested Butte, the popular ski destination, had its second coolest February on record with an average temperature of only 7.5 degrees F (-13.6 degrees C). Although this was 5.9 degrees F (3.3 degrees C) below normal, the 1974 record of 3.9 degrees F (-15.6 degrees C) firmly held (period of record 1910-2013).
- Precipitation was highly variable this month with many locations receiving above normal precipitation and others receiving little to none. Areas receiving at least 150 percent of normal precipitation generally included a swath running from central Colorado to the northeast through the eastern Dakotas, central and eastern Kansas, northern North Dakota, and central Wyoming. The precipitation had various impacts on the ongoing drought. For example, the snows in Kansas had ample moisture to put a dent in drought conditions, while the snows in Nebraska were drier and had little to no impact on the drought conditions there. Meanwhile, snowpack in the Rockies remained lower than average as Wyoming increased from last month to 84 percent of average and Colorado held at 75 percent of average. Several systems passed through the Region this month. One storm on February 10-11 brought heavy snows to parts of the Dakotas with the highest totals topping out at about 20.0 inches (51 cm). This snowstorm closed parts of I-29 and I-90 as well as numerous schools and universities. Later in the month, two other major snowstorms hit the Region in just a matter of days. A large storm on February 20-21 spurred winter storm warnings across all of Kansas and the majority of Nebraska, Iowa, and Missouri. Snowfall totals in Kansas and Nebraska generally ranged from 6.0-12.0 inches (15-30 cm), however, the highest amounts were found in north-central Kansas where snowfall amounts exceeded 20.0 inches (51 cm). In addition, snowfall rates close to 4.0 inches (10 cm) per hour and thundersnow were reported. Schools, universities, and businesses closed in both Kansas and Nebraska. The heavy snow caused travel to become nearly impossible as roads closed and flights were cancelled. A second snowstorm blasted southern parts of the Region just a week later (February 24-26) bringing heavy snow not only to Kansas, but also Oklahoma and Texas. Again, thundersnow was reported in addition to blizzard conditions and up to a foot (30 cm) of snowfall accumulations. These two snowstorms caused Wichita, Kansas to set a new February snowfall record. Wichita's February total was 21.2 inches (54 cm) which just beat out the old record of 20.5 inches (52 cm) set all the way back in 1913 (period of record 1888-2013). Not only was this the snowiest February in Wichita, it was also the snowiest month ever recorded.
- There were slight changes to the U.S. Drought Monitor over the past month - some for better and some for worse. Approximately 91 percent of the Region was still in moderate (D1) to exceptional (D4) drought. This was down slightly from the end of last month when 92 percent of the Region was in D1-D4. Areas of degradation included an expansion of extreme drought (D3) in northwest South Dakota and a D4 expansion in eastern Colorado. Luckily, there were also improvements. The small area of D4 in southwestern Wyoming was erased and severe drought conditions (D2) continued to improve in eastern portions of the Dakotas. Although two large snowstorms hit southern areas of the Region, there were varying degrees of improvement in drought conditions. Luckily, portions of the D4 conditions improved in the north-central and south-central parts of Kansas. The D3 area in northeast Kansas improved as well. According to the U.S. Seasonal Drought Outlook released February 21st, drought conditions were expected to improve somewhat in North Dakota, northern and eastern South Dakota, northwestern Wyoming, and the far eastern edge of Kansas. Drought was expected to persist elsewhere through May 2013.
- For more information, please go to the High Plains Regional Climate Center Home Page.
- Southern Region: (Information provided by the Southern Regional Climate Center)
- February temperatures in the Southern Region varied from north to south, with the north experiencing a slightly cooler than normal month, while the southern half experienced yet another warmer than normal month. Average temperature anomalies did not sway too far from normal. In the north where it was cooler, temperatures averaged only a couple of degrees below expected values. In the south, temperatures averaged between 0 and 6 degrees F (0 to 3.33 degrees C) above normal, with the highest anomalies occurring in the southern portions of Texas and along the Texas Gulf coast.
- February precipitation totals varied significantly over the Southern Region. In western Oklahoma and north western Texas, precipitation totals ranged from two hundred to over three hundred percent of normal. It should be noted, however; that these values equate to approximately 2 to 4 inches (50.8 to 101.6 mm) of precipitation. Conditions were also a lot wetter than normal in southern Mississippi and in south eastern Louisiana, where precipitation for the month ranged from one hundred and thirty to two hundred and fifty percent of normal. The precipitation totals ranged from 6 to 10 inches in south eastern Louisiana, to 10 to 12 inches (254.0 to 304.8 mm) in southern Mississippi. Conversely, it was quite dry throughout most of Tennessee, with precipitation totals there ranging from twenty-five to ninety percent of normal. Southern Texas was also extremely dry, particularly in the south west and southern tip of the state. Most stations in those regions received under five percent of normal precipitation, with many not seeing a drop of rain all month.
- Above average precipitation in central Oklahoma has lead to the removal of most of the exceptional drought that had resided there last month. There has also been a one drought category improvement over much of the state in general. Elsewhere, drought conditions have not changed significantly. Severe and extreme drought conditions continue to plague the state of Texas, while the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee remain drought-free.
- On February 10, 2013, a series of twisters touched down in southern Mississippi. Dozens of injuries were reported over several counties. In Marion County, eight people were injured. In addition, dozens of injuries were reported in Lamar County and in Forrest County, Mississippi, where twisters ravaged parts of the city of Hattiesburg. Over sixty injuries were reported, but fortunately, there were no reported fatalities. Reuters reported that one twister was believed to have a path width of one mile (1.6 km). Damage was reported across the city of Hattiesburg, including parts of the University of Southern Mississippi. One of the twisters was reported to have been an EF-3, with wind speeds in excess of 140 mph (225.3 kmph).
- Several twisters also occurred in south eastern Texas on February 18, 2013. Damage reported appears to be restricted mostly to trees and power lines.
- One twister-related fatality was reported on February 21, 2013. This occurred in Sabine County, Texas.
- In Texas, as of March 1, 2013 reservoirs were at 67.0 percent of conservation storage, 2 percent less than the previous record and almost 5 percent less than 2012. Because of this, more regions of the state are attempting to curtail their water use. The Edwards Plateau region has approved a plan designed after the 1950s drought plan, estimated to cost between $16 and $18 million. With the onset of spring, harvesting and new planting is a concern for farmers. Dry soil moisture conditions near Wichita Falls and El Paso has caused farmers to pump groundwater and replant to keep their pecan, bean, and pea harvests from going under. Loss of grazing land over the last several months has caused ranchers to sell off their livestock and meat-packaging plants to close, costing two thousand jobs. Corn planting was down after increased corn priced were expected to boost numbers. Not all of the state is in as poor condition, as recent snowfall in the Panhandle has helped replenish upper-level soil moisture and has farmers in the region optimistic. (Information provided by the Texas Office of State Climatology).
- For more information, please go to the Southern Regional Climate Center Home Page.
- Western Region: (Information provided by the Western Regional Climate Center)
- January's cool and dry conditions continued throughout February for much of the West. The position of the high pressure ridge typically present over the West in February was shifted slightly west of its climatological mean, allowing cold air masses to dip southward east of the Sierra and ample precipitation to reach the Rockies. The inland Northwest was the only area to see above normal temperatures this month, the fourth consecutive month this area has been warmer than average.
- February was a dry month, especially in the Cascades/Sierra Nevada, with small average or moist pockets in the central Great Basin and northern and central Rockies. This followed on the heels of a very dry January as well. After a wet start to winter in December, many California and western Nevada locations saw January-February precipitation totals in the 10 driest on record. Downtown San Francisco recorded only 1.82 in (46 mm) thus far in 2013, the 5th driest January-February in a 163-year record. Nearby Santa Cruz, CA recorded its driest such period since 1893 with 1.22 in (31 mm; normal is 12.52 in / 318 mm). Further north, Ukiah and Eureka, California, saw their 2nd and 3rd driest January-February, respectively. A grand total of 0.12 in (3 mm) liquid precipitation fell at the Reno, Nevada, airport during January and February, the driest such period since the record began in 1937. Sierra snowpack water equivalent fell to 60-70% of normal at month's end. Further south, Los Angeles, California, experienced its 15th driest January-February in a 69-year record at 1.5 in (38 mm), 25% of normal.
- The position of the high-pressure ridge this month helped guide storm systems into the eastern Great Basin and Rockies. Despite above normal February snowfall, snow water equivalent for river basins of northeastern Nevada stood at 80-95% of normal at the end of the month. Further east, Salt lake City, Utah, enjoyed its 16th snowiest winter-to-date, but 22nd driest February on a 139-year record. Colorado Springs, Colorado recorded the 9th wettest February on record with 0.9 in (23 mm) precipitation and 13th snowiest at 10.6 in (27 cm). This month was also the first since September 2012 that Pueblo, Colorado recorded above normal precipitation. February precipitation helped to ease persistent drought conditions in western Wyoming and Colorado, while much of the eastern portions of these states remained categorized as severe to exceptional drought by the U.S. Drought Monitor. Even with this month's snowfall, snow water equivalent for Colorado basins stood at 65-80% of normal at the end of the month. Snowpack in Wyoming's basins fared slightly better, between 75% and 100% of normal. Most basins in Washington, Oregon, Montana, and Idaho reported above normal snow water equivalent at the end of February.
- While most of the West was cooler than normal, Montana logged its third consecutive month of above normal average statewide temperatures at 28.0 F (-2.2 C), 3.7 F (2.1 C) above normal. Eleven of the past 13 months have been warmer than average for the state. Unusually cold temperatures continued in the Great Basin. Ely and Winnemucca, in northeastern Nevada, recorded their 13th coldest winters on record at an average 22.6 F (-5.2 C) and 26 F (-3.3 C), respectively. Records began in 1893 at Ely and 1877 at Winnemucca. Temperatures more than 10 F (5.5 C) below normal were also seen in northwestern Utah in the Great Salt Lake Desert.
- Hawaiian Islands this month, helping to alleviate persistent drought in these areas. Hilo, Hawaii recorded 23.12 in (587 mm) for the month, 242% of normal and the 7th wettest February since records began at Hilo in 1949. After Strong northeast trade winds and heavy precipitation arrived on the windward sides of the having above normal January precipitation, leeward locales such as Honolulu and Lihue returned to the past year's trend of below normal precipitation.
- Following a warmer than normal January statewide, mild temperatures dominated the Interior and southern regions of Alaska, while the Northern and Western regions were a chilly 6-8 F (3-4 C) below the February normal. Persistent precipitation fell in the southern portion of the state, especially the Southeast. January's wet conditions continued in Juneau, which recorded 6.61 in (167 mm) for the month, the 7th wettest February on its 64-year record.
- February 21: High stream flow in Kauai's Na Pali coast: Heavy rainfall over the island of Kauai lead to above normal flow in Hanakapiai Stream on the Na Pali coast. Over 50 hikers were trapped overnight as they could not ford the swollen Hanakapiai stream and high winds prevented rescue efforts.
- February (all month): Inversions and poor air quality in Salt Lake City: The frigid temperatures and strong inversions observed in January were fewer and weaker this month though still observed. In Salt Lake City, 22 days this winter exceeded federal air quality standards for pollution levels, as compared to a single day last winter.
- For more information, please go to the Western Regional Climate Center Home Page.
See NCDC's Monthly Records web-page for weather and climate records for the most recent month. For additional national, regional, and statewide data and graphics from 1895-present, for any period, please visit the Climate at a Glance page.
PLEASE NOTE: All of the temperature and precipitation ranks and values are based on preliminary data. The ranks will change when the final data are processed, but will not be replaced on these pages. Graphics based on final data are provided on the Temperature and Precipitation Maps page and the Climate at a Glance page as they become available.


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Dr. Catherine Mader of the Hope College physics faculty has been appointed to a three-year term on the Committee on Careers and Professional Development of the American Physical Society (APS).
The committee coordinates activities and programs which provide information and advice about physics careers and the professional development of physicists. The committee also advises the APS leadership in matters relating to professional development of physicists and future physicists. Mader's term will begin in January and continue through the end of 2011.
Mader is a professor of physics and chairperson of the department at Hope, where she has been a member of the faculty since 1993. During a sabbatical during the 2007-08 school year, she served as an education projects consultant with the Education and Diversity Group of the APS in Washington, D.C. Since her return to Hope this fall, she has continued to work on a variety of projects on behalf of the APS.
Her research emphasis is in the area of heavy ion reaction theory and she is also engaged in several curriculum-development projects. She regularly involves Hope students in her research program.
Mader has received support for her research from external agencies including the National Science Foundation and Research Corporation, and has had multiple articles published in research journals and presented her work at numerous professional meetings.
She joined the Hope faculty as a visiting assistant professor, and became an assistant professor in 1994, an associate professor in 1999 and a full professor earlier this year. She was acting chair of the department during 2004-05 and has been chair since 2005.
Mader completed her B.Sc. and M.Sc. in engineering physics from Colorado School of Mines in 1987 and 1989 respectively, and her doctorate in physics at Michigan State University in 1993.
Founded in 1899, the American Physical Society seeks to advance and share the knowledge of physics. In addition to holding scientific meetings, the society publishes scholarly journals; is active in public and governmental affairs and the international physics community; and conducts extensive programs in education, public outreach and media relations. The society has some 46,000 members.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Hi all
I have ordered CPG nucleotides but I have no idea of how to use it can any one give some tips on this?
how to dilute and how to decide its concentraion to be used?
how ot mix with recombinant protein?
also give the link to the source from where I can read much about it
Submit your paper to J Biol Methods today!
CPG adjuvant
Started by Gunalan, Feb 01 2013 07:15 AMhow to use
1 reply to this topic
Posted 01 February 2013 - 07:15 AM
Posted 19 February 2013 - 03:36 AM
I don't know if you have seen this paper-
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Manual/ User guide for opticell from thermoscientific
Started by hidayahhh, 15 Jan 2013 how to use


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Greetings all, just popping in from my "week of relaxation" and mini blog break to bring you a great giveaway from my sponsor Simplify 101. Are you feeling the need to get your clutter under control? Be more organized and get more done?
I've adopted some strategies from the tips over at Simplify 101 because effective decluttering helps me spend less time straightening and more time devoted to my family. Having an organized home is one way to make more time to be creative too.
Aby Garvey is the voice behind Simplify 101 and she is an organizing and productivity expert! I love her motto, "More Fun, More Done".
Three readers will have the opportunity to win a free Quick + Simple Clutter Control online workshop, beginning August 16th, just in time for back to school! In this three week workshop, you'll be equipped with essential decluttering tactics to keep you better organized and also learn new habits that effectively keep clutter at bay.
Eligibility for three winners to win the Quick + Simple Clutter Control workshop:
1) Tell your biggest organizational challenge or clutter problem in a comment. Is it your closet or a particular living space? Share where you need organizational help!
2) For extra chances to win, link to this giveaway on Facebook, and/or tweet about this giveaway on Twitter, then leave additional comments telling where you mentioned this giveaway (FB or Twitter).
Three winners chosen by Random.org. Giveaway ends Friday August 12th at 8 p.m.
And if you want everyday organizing tips sent to your inbox, be sure to sign up for the weekly quick tip and organizing newsletter too!
The three winners are: #98 Liz Harrington; #108 Becky O; and #214 Rhonda S. You've all received an email from me and Simplify 101, congratulations!


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News Briefs
GMG Weight Room The GMG wieght room will be open Monday thru Thursdays, 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. starting Monday, November 7.
Garwin Christian Church Election Day Turkey Supper The Annual Election Day Turkey Supper will held at the Garwin Christian Church, located at 209 Center Street, Garwin, Tuesday, November 8, serving from 5 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. Menu includes turkey, dresssing, mashed potatoes & gravy, corn, green beans, coleslaw, homemade cranberry relish, rolls, relish tray, pie, cake, and beverage. Take-outs available by calling (641) 499-2445 that day.
Veterans Day Program The Gladbrook Legion Auxiliary is hosting a Veterans Day Program at Westbrook Acres on Fri., Nov. 11th, at 2 p.m. Each veteran will be honored. After the program, coordinated by Americanism Chairman Lisa Reinhard, refreshments will be served. Everyone is welcome to attend.
Garwin Revitalization Community Breakfast Garwin Revitalization Committee will host a Community Breakfast on Sunday, November 6, serving from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m. at the Garwin city Park Shelter House. Menu includes Belgian waffles, scrambled eggs, biscuits & gravy, sausage, toast, coffee and juice. This is a free will offering. All proceeds go towards community projects.
Gladbrook Women's Club The Gladbrook Women's Club will meet November 10, 2011 at 1:30 p.m. at Peace Church. Pat Goos is hosting and the program will be Kay Barfels, "Making Easy Decorations". For a ride please call Shirley Miell at (641) 473-2528.
Gladbrook United Methodist Church Election Night Supper The Gladbrook Methodist Church will host their annual Election Night Supper, Tuesday, November 8, serving from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. Menu includes chicken noodle, potato, and chili soup by the bowl or quart. Beef burgers, tacos, taco salad, salads, and homemade pie. Carry-outs and deliveries available by calling (641) 473-2025.
\Gladbrook Senior Citizens Dinner Gladbrook Senior Citizens Dinner will be at the Chapel Church on Friday, November 11, at 11:30 p.m. Please call Pat Oettchen at (641) 473-2530 with your reservations by Saturday, November 5.
Gladbrook Gals & Guys Tama County Humane Society Fundraiser The Gladbrook Gals and Guys 4-H Club will be hosting a Tama County Humane Society community fundraiser on Sunday, November 13, 2011, at the Gladbrook Memorial Building. From 11:00 am until 2:00 pm, a pasta bar dinner, with various pasta options, will be available for a free will donation. Adoptable dogs and cats from the Tama County Humane Society will available on site to visit. Feel free to bring donated items, including cat and dog food, treats, toys, and cat litter, for the Humane Society. Come support your local animal shelter on November 13th!
Reinbeck's Miracle on Main SAVE THE DATE: Reinbeck's Miracle on Main Celebration Nov. 11th from 5:00 to 8:30 p.m.
Gladbrook Women's Club Holiday Happenings The Gladbrook Community Women's Club will host their annual Holiday Happenings Monday, November 21, at the Gladbrook Memorial Building. Diner begins at 6:30 p.m., musical program by local talent. Limited tickets available from any member or call (641) 473-2087 or (641) 473-2528 before November 10. Cost of tickets is $15.
Gladbrook Trees Forever Gladbrook Trees Forever reminds residents to slowly apply 5 gallons of water weekly to newly planted trees.
Siren Testing Garwin Fire Department will test the warning sirens on the 3rd Monday of the month. This will be a year-round policy.
Library Coffee Time Stop in and join us every Friday afternoon at the Gladbrook Public Library at 2 p. m. for coffee and conversation. We might even discuss a book or two. Bring a friend and hopefully brighten your day and ours!! Pat & Karen


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When the Man Booker Longlist came out, there was only one title I recognized because it was on my coffee table waiting to be read! It was there because of a recommendation from a friend who had read it a few months ago (thanks Connie!). I enjoyed it, and would love to ask the author how she thought of the idea for it and how she did her research. The topic was fascinating.
Unfortunately, I can't tell you much about the book, it's better that you don't know. But there are plenty of excellent reviews worth reading afterwards, since they contain spoilers.
The Guardian
New York Times, Barbara Kingsolver
The Independent
I can say that the novel is about an unusual family, but what family isn't? The author uses a witty and breezy style and a clever arrangement in the order of the story, beginning in the middle. You know that something terrible has happened and that Rosemary thinks it's her fault. She hauntingly repeats "what you accomplish will never matter so much as where you fail." She also continues to say that she never talks about her family, but then she draws the reader in with a second person narrative. The whole book feels like an intimate conversation as a result, as if you are the only one she can trust to help her sort it all out. And sort it out Fowler does. The ending is brilliant and satisfying. It's a very readable literary novel for the Man Booker Prize. I hope it makes the shortlist.


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ATV Control Centre readies for Europe's first-ever automated docking
ESA's ATV Control Centre will play a crucial role in docking the 'Jules Verne' with the ISS, even though the ATV has a sophisticated automatic navigation system.
Equipped with its own propulsion and navigation system, the unmanned ATV 'space truck' - dubbed 'Jules Verne' - has a sophisticated automatic navigation system. Even though the ATV is an automatic space vehicle, ground control experts from ESA and CNES, the French space agency, will be heavily involved in operations. They are prepared for any contingency, determining the route the spacecraft must take to dock with the ISS and working closely with the other two ISS control centres involved in ATV operations: the Mission Control Centre - Moscow (MCC-M) and the MCC-H, in Houston. At each of these control centres, European, American and Russian engineers coordinate their actions and carry out final manoeuvres with extreme precision.


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Jimmy Fallon is getting ready to party like it's 1999.
Prince will appear on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon Friday, The Associated Press reports. The legendary singer will perform two songs.
The appearance comes on the heels of Prince presenting the Record of the Year award at the Grammy Awards earlier this month as he gears up for a European tour. He also released a new song, "Screwdriver," via his website.


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Dr. Philip J. Ferris, former longtime chairman of the department of surgery at Franklin Square Medical Center, died Nov. 8 of cardiac arrest at his Lutherville home. He was 79.
"He was just a great man. He was down-to-earth and fun, but at the same time he was the utmost surgeon who had both a passion for perfection and teaching," said Michael R. Merson, former president of Franklin Square Medical Center, who is now chairman of CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield.
"In all the years I worked with him, if something went wrong, he was the kind of surgeon you wanted to take care of you," said Mr. Merson.
"Phil was absolutely confident but never arrogant. He was compassionate and took time explaining to patients what they were facing, even if it was a minor procedure," he said.
Dr. Louis C. Breschi, a Baltimore urologist, met Dr. Ferris when he was a resident at then-University Hospital.
"He was chief resident and that was my first encounter with him. We remained friends and later when I went into the practice of urology, I always called him when I had complicated surgical cases," said Dr. Breschi.
"He was just a take-charge guy who knew exactly what had to be done whenever he entered the operating room. He was a man of amazing instincts," he said.
The son of a businessman and a homemaker, Philip Joseph Ferris was born and raised in New Brunswick, N.J., where he graduated from New Brunswick High School in 1951.
Dr. Ferris was awarded a full scholarship to the Johns Hopkins University, where he earned his bachelor's degree in 1954. After graduating from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in 1958, he did graduate surgical training and an internship and residency at Duke Hospital.
From 1960 to 1962, he was a clinical and research associate at the National Institutes of Health, and completed a surgical residency at what is now the University of Maryland Medical Center in 1965.
Before joining the staff of what was then Franklin Square Hospital in 1969, Dr. Ferris was an attending surgeon in general and vascular surgery at Washington Hospital Center.
He was also co-director of the Surgical Tumor Clinic, member of the tumor board and an instructor in surgery at George Washington University Medical School.
Dr. Ferris also held staff appointments at Children's, Holy Cross, Sibley, Doctors', Suburban and Prince George's County hospitals, and the Washington Sanitarium.
When Dr. Ferris came to Baltimore, Franklin Square was planning to move at the end of 1969 to its new home in eastern Baltimore County near Rossville.
"We were completing the opening of a new hospital in eastern Baltimore County, and Phil was one of the first to join the new leadership group," recalled Mr. Merson. "When he joined, it gave the department of surgery a fresh start in a new hospital."
He said that Dr. Ferris was a "very caring man who had good values. He was just a regular guy."
"Because of where the hospital is, it serves the people of Essex, Middle River, Rosedale and Dundalk, the everyday working people," said Mr. Merson.
"He identified with them and took care of them and treated them as if they were a Saudi Arabian prince," he said. "He never discriminated because of economic differences. Everyone got the same first-class treatment."
"He was very logically based and approached everything from both sides of an issue and then making the ultimate decision that was in the best interest of the patient," said Dr. Breschi. "He was deliberate and focused in his evaluation. And he was seldom wrong. People admired him because he was such a very caring physician."
Dr. Ferris was a member of numerous professional organizations, some of which included the American College of Surgeons, Maryland Board of Medical Examiners, Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, Baltimore Academy of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical and Surgical Society and Baltimore Ostomy Association.
Dr. Ferris, who was an expert in hypothermia, was an avid waterfowl and deer hunter, which on one occasion nearly resulted in the doctor becoming the patient.
He and a friend had been duck hunting on a small island when a sudden storm hit. Their guide was afraid to cross over stormy waters in a boat, which meant the men had to endure three hours of a soaking rain and chilly winds.
Once they reached their cabin, they stripped off their clothes and stood by the fire.
"I knew how far hypothermia progressed when my friend burned his flesh against the fire without being aware of it," he told The Baltimore Sun in 1974, in an article about the dangers from hypothermia.
Dr. Ferris enjoyed taking family and friends on hunting trips at his Kennedyville farm in Kent County. He also was a golfer and a longtime member of the Sparrows Point Country Club.
He was also a world traveler and liked spending summers in Ocean City. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, he traveled to Russia to a breast surgery symposium to advance methods of treating the disease.
A memorial service celebrating Dr. Ferris' life will be held from 1 p.m to 4 p.m. Dec. 2 in the Lindsey Room of the Sheraton North Hotel, 903 Dulaney Valley Road, Towson.
Dr. Ferris is survived by his wife of 55 years, the former Mary Louise Schwing; two sons, Dr. P. Jeffrey Ferris of Towson and Dr. James V. Ferris of Pittsburgh; and seven grandchildren. His daughter, Jori Ferris, died in 2010.


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The National Information Exchange Model will draw on NASCIO to help extend the program
The National Association of State Chief Information Officers will take a seat on a federal committee looking to advance the uses a Web-based model for sharing information across government jurisdictions.NASCIO will advise the executive steering committee of the National Information Exchange Model on the uses of the NIEM data framework among federal government agencies and state and territorial government communities.NIEM is an Extensible Markup Language-based system designed to automate aspects of information sharing across far-flung agencies with collaborative interests in justice, law enforcement, public safety and emergency response.
Related coverage:
NIEM ventures forth
It is also considered a way for agencies to share routine program information over the Web.Lately, NIEM also is being viewed as a potential framework for sharing health information among federal and state government agencies with responsibilities for joint management of programs in the public health and health reform arena.With that in mind, the Health and Human Services Department recently joined the Homeland Security and Justice departments, which pioneered the NIEM model, to extend it in the federal government.NIEM builds on work by DOJ on the Global Justice XML Data Model (GJXDM), a data reference tool for swapping information among public safety and law enforcement offices.NASCIO played a prominent role in the DGXDM project and has been a longtime advocate of NIEM, according to the association's leadership. NASCIO president and West Virginia CIO Kyle Schafer said membership on the NIEM steering committee "really formalized something we've been doing for some time -- actively supporting NIEM as a national standard."The association will now play a more active role in the committee's work, Schafer said.
About the Author
Paul McCloskey is senior editor of GCN. A former editor-in-chief of both GCN and FCW, McCloskey was part of Federal Computer Week's founding editorial staff.
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I meant to do that.
That appears to be the attitude of the Fed when contemplating the taper tantrum in the wake of Chairman Ben Bernanke's awkward comments on June 19 announcing the beginning of the end for the central bank's quantitative easing.
Richard Fisher, president of the Dallas Federal Reserve, employed his usual folksy metaphors to describe investor behavior immediately following the announcement, claiming it was fully anticipated all along.
Calling investors "feral hogs" and the markets "manic depressive," Fisher, an outspoken critic of QE and subsequent iterations, said "he doesn't want to go from Wild Turkey to cold turkey overnight," an apparent reference to the measured process planned for the unwinding.
The comments, made in an interview Monday with the Financial Times, appear to be part of an effort in the past week to calm markets, which fell significantly in the wake of Bernanke's comments. Fisher said that although QE will begin to wind down, other forms of Fed stimulus will continue.
It "made sense to socialize the idea that quantitative easing is not a one-way street", he said, according to FT, and emphasized any such move would be done cautiously.
Fisher, a nonvoting member of the Federal Open Market Committee, said pushback to ending the program would be felt, although he did not mention from whom.
He likened the market reaction to Bernanke's signal that the bank could begin reducing its monthly bond purchases before the end of this year to the 1992 attack led by investor George Soros on the Bank of England.
"Markets tend to test things," Fisher told the FT. "We haven't forgotten what happened to the Bank of England [on Black Wednesday]. I don't think anyone can break the Fed …But I do believe that big money does organize itself somewhat like feral hogs. If they detect a weakness or a bad scent, they'll go after it."
Check out Taper Tantrum: Markets Recoil, Advisors Scramble on Fed News on AdvisorOne.


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He was everywhere, but not too much. He was nominated but didn't win. He is nominated for a Golden Globe but will not host the show. He did however host the Tony Awards and the Emmy Awards and totally owned both nights and looked really, really handsome doing it. This was a year for Neil Patrick Harris. Right?
Who doesn't love NPH?
NPH is currently in New York for the holiday and tweeted the other day that he hung his balls. The tree is ready. Cute.
He also went for dinner last night at Babbo. Sigh. We were at Babbo on Friday night. Ate my tits off and enjoyed every single bite. Many of you have written to ask about what we ordered. Please see below.
Am attaching a selection of NPH favourites from the year and also his closing number at the Tony Awards which is still my favourite.
At Babbo we shared everything. Of course Gwyneth, who is Mario's bff, probably eats this every day and is bored by now.
Neci con Funghi Misti – mushrooms and cheese in a crepe and amazingness and this will CHANGE YOUR F_CKING LIFE.
Pumpkin "Lune" with Sage and Amaretti – and the angels started singing
Beef Cheek Ravioli with Crushed Squab Liver and Black Truffles – someone told me he tried to take this off the menu once and the regulars revolted. The regulars are right.
Black Spaghetti with Rock Shrimp, Spicy Salami Calabrese and Green Chiles – I am still dreaming about the salami. Crumbled like bacon. But with a kick.
Brussels Sprouts with Pancetta – Brussels sprouts are so underrated
Duck with Rainbow Chard, Babbo Pancetta and Beet Vinaigrette – I could not believe how much came on this plate. HUGE duck leg. Juicy and not overcooked and we were gluttons.
Barbecued Skirt Steak with Eggplant "alla Piastra" and Salsa Verde – we asked for it blue which is how we like our beef. My problem is that no one ever cooks it as blue as I want it. Which is blue. Like still alive, blue. At Babbo it came blue. Oh la.
Maple and Mascarpone Cheesecake with Maple Cream and Saba – Jacek's mother specialises in desserts and pastries. So he's spoiled. It takes a lot to impress him. He pretty much tried to eat the entire serving. It was like Marion Cotillard on a plate.
An alternative? Because you're over Batali and don't give a sh-t about Babbo?
We spent our final evening in New York at Novita (Gramercy Park). Fantastic.
Photos from Wenn.com


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Jack Osbourne: Is He Getting Married in Hawaii?
Ozzy's son issues a denial of sorts, saying he's away for his mother's 60th birthday
Hold onto those wedding congrats for Jack Osbourne – at least for the time being.
The son of rocker Ozzy and talk show host Sharon was reported to be tying the knot this weekend in Hawaii to fiancée Lisa Stelly, who gave birth to their daughter Pearl in April.
Invites went out and guests were asked to sign non-disclosure forms for what Osbourne hopes to be a "low-key" ceremony, according to the New York Post.
But on Friday, Osbourne, 26, issued what looks very much like a denial, Tweeting, "I love how going to Hawaii with my mum for her 60th has turned into my wedding. Hahaha people are funny."
Interviewed this week by PEOPLE, Sharon dodged questions about the wedding rumors, saying Jack couldn't attend her televised birthday celebration on The Talk because he was "on holiday."
• Additional reporting by MONICA RIZZO


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Dell Rapids Residents Killed in Rollover Near Wagner
Two Dell Rapids residents were killed just after 11am Sunday in a rollover crash on a gravel road northwest of Wagner, in Charles Mix County.
The South Dakota Highway Patrol says Stephanie Jo Thompson, was driving southbound when she lost control of the SUV, and the vehicle went into a ditch and rolled.
Thompson, who was wearing a seat belt, was partially ejected from the vehicle and she died at the scene.
A passenger, 34-year-old Derek Gavin Weston, who was not wearing a seat belt was thrown and was dead at the scene.
The Highway Patrol is still investigating.


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This is where you make your mark.
Nothing is more rewarding than work done to support others. The MENTOR Network provides services that lead to growth and independence. As part of our team, you'll do real, meaningful work that enhances lives and enriches your own. That's why we're all here – and why you should join us.


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Did you wait till the last minute to do your Christmas shopping? Are you racking your brain for what to get that hard-to-buy-for person who has everything? Not sure your tot needs yet another toy? Well, have I got the gift guide for you! Here's my list of thoughtful gifts for your loved ones. Bonus: they're all free! It's my Christmas gift to you. You're welcome.
_ For moms: _
Privacy. If a working lock for the bathroom door is not feasible, give her the gift of letting her do her business solo without talking to her through the door. Imagine, an entire shower without someone coming in to ask where the red sippy cup is or flushing the toilet and scalding you. Or getting to do your hair and makeup on the same day!
_ For dads: _
Space. Let him watch the whole game without interrupting to talk about the color of the baby's poop or the state of your 401k. Allow him to drink his coffee before asking him if he remembered to put out the recycling and what you should get his mom for her birthday. Don't hand him a crying baby and a whiny toddler before he's even fully in the door from work. At least let him turn off the car engine first.
_ For grandparents: _
Satisfaction. As in, give them the satisfaction of thinking you are taking their advice – or at least considering it. When they say, "We used to put you kids in playpens" or "Give the baby a bottle of water when he cries at night" or "Don't give in to those temper tantrums; show her who's boss," just smile and nod. Bonus points for throwing in a "Why didn't I think of that?"
_ For babies: _
Access. Every parent knows babies don't want to play with those boring old educational toys. So let them have your germy keys, the metal pots and pans, and the dog's filthy chew-toy. They'll be in heaven, and you'll be on standby with the Purell and Advil (for you).
_ For toddlers & preschoolers: _
Independence. Imagine an entire day where your child gets to make all his own decisions. The striped shirt with the plaid shorts and Elmo rain boots? Why not! Waffles and M&Ms for breakfast? Sure! A four-hour Dora marathon? Go nuts! What's the worst that could happen? Cavities? Public ridicule? A nuclear meltdown? You'll live. Of course, my kids have been known to ask to drive the car, play in traffic, and drink Red Bull, so you'll have to draw the line somewhere.
Here's wishing you and yours a happy, stress-free holiday!


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On this day before Thanksgiving, my brain simmers as I think about the importance of a well-rounded education for human society, creative innovation, and even curious individuals.
In the last few days, David Kroll has cross-posted on his blogs about this move and one prominent response. I've already commented briefly on his blog, but the topic is still nagging at me.
Here's the background. Nearly two months ago, the George Philip, the president of SUNY Albany announced that he was eliminating several humanities programs from that campus. No more French, Russian and Italian. Bye-bye, classics and theater.
Enter Greg Petsko, a Brandeis professor who has written a scathing (and spot-on) critique of the move. Kroll's post lauds him as "a cool dude."
As a science writer, it's probably no surprise that my brain is perched somewhere between the science and humanities most of the time. But that's not something that happened after being solely immersed in science for years. I think I surprised myself, my family, and even some of my friends when I became a chemist. I read, I wrote, I loved history and travel, and I learned to speak a foreign language. In college, I double-majored in chemistry and German. But German could have just as easily been English or history. Those interests balanced my "how things work" push that led me to science. Though I've always had a bit of the engineer's desire to deconstruct, those details were meaningless to me outside the context of what they mean to society. I'm not objective in valuing a well-rounded education.
Clearly this passion is personal for Petsko, too. He writes:
Perhaps my own background will interest you. I started out as a classics major. I'm now Professor of Biochemistry and Chemistry. Of all the courses I took in college and graduate school, the ones that have benefited me the most in my career as a scientist are the courses in classics, art history, sociology, and English literature. These courses didn't just give me a much better appreciation for my own culture; they taught me how to think, to analyze, and to write clearly. None of my sciences courses did any of that.
Philip's justification for the cuts at Albany are all about money. Yes, money is tight everywhere. At the same time, this issue touches deeper societal questions. What is a university education? And should it be a prerequisite for getting a good job?
The problem is that an education isn't job training. It's an immersion of ideas, critical thinking and creativity. Classes in French, Russian or classics belong at a university. Those classes probably aren't going to lead directly to a job, but that isn't their purpose. Not everyone will want to take them, and– for many people– that's okay. But an educational institution should support and nurture scholarship and give students the benefits of a broad education.
Job training, well, that's a whole separate issue. An education is only one piece of that puzzle, and I'd like to see more opportunities that allow individuals be able to choose programs that fit their interests and needs: vocational programs that will prepare them for a specific job or a degree with broader educational goals. My point is that institutions need to be honest in what they call themselves. If you're in the business of education, you need to live up to that promise.


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| 12.7°C Belfast
Viewers who tuned into the launch of Jamaica Inn were left frustrated after struggling to make out the dialogue in the BBC's new period drama.
The first instalment of the TV adaptation of Daphne du Maurier's classic gothic novel, starring Downton Abbey actress Jessica Brown Findlay, was broadcast on BBC One last night (April 21).
Viewers complained that they had to switch on the subtitles or turn up the volume to the maximum setting to understand what the cast were saying.
A BBC spokeswoman said that the corporation, which received 107 complaints, was reviewing the episode following "issues with the sound levels".
Comedian Al Murray was among those attempting to make out what was being said by the stars of the atmospheric drama.
"Find out what happens next in Jamaica Inn by getting your ears syringed!," he wrote on Twitter.
Choreographer and former Strictly Come Dancing judge Arlene Phillips wrote on the social networking site: "Did anyone else have trouble hearing BBC One Jamaica Inn."
John Challis, known for his role as Boycie in Only Fools And Horses, wrote: "Jamaica Inn LOOKS very good but I haven't heard a single word... Either the actors are mumbling or the sound track is faulty."
A viewer wrote: "Oh dear I know BBC One is keen on authentic but the dialogue in Jamaica Inn is incomprehensible."
Another added: "Jamaica Inn starring Jessica Brown Findlay: Daphne du Maurier's story is a dark tale of sex and smuggling if you could hear it."
Another complained: "Jamaica Inn mumble mumble. Couldn't understand a word of inn keeper. Terrible."
Emma Frost, who penned the screenplay, suggested that a technical fault, rather than the way that the cast delivered the lines, was to blame.
"No surprises here - I'm told there was a major sound problem for tonight's broadcast of Jamaica Inn - not surprised you couldn't hear it," she wrote.
A BBC spokeswoman said that the drama was watched by 6.1 million viewers.
"There were issues with the sound levels last night that we are currently reviewing ahead of tonight's episode," she said.
The complaints come almost a year after BBC director-general Tony Hall said the corporation could look at how to stop actors ''muttering'' in its TV dramas.
"I don't want to sound like a grumpy old man, but I also think muttering is something we could have a look at," he said. "Actors muttering can be testing - you find you have missed a line... you have to remember that you have an audience.''
He said that the corporation was addressing the problem of background music making it difficult for some, particularly older viewers, to hear what was being said.
The drama, set in 1821 against the windswept Cornish moors, was directed by Philippa Lowthorpe, whose credits include Call The Midwife.
The three-part series follows Mary Yellan who is forced to live with her aunt and domineering uncle following the death of her mother.
The BBC later apologised to viewers and said that the "sound levels" could not be altered while the drama was on air.
But it said that it had adjusted the dialogue levels for tonight's (April 22) second episode.
The corporation said in a statement: "There were issues with the sound levels last night and for technical reasons they could not be altered during transmission.
"We are adjusting the dialogue levels in episode two and three to address audience concerns so they can enjoy the rest of the drama and would like to apologise to those viewers who were affected."
Writer Ms Frost wrote on Twitter: "It sounded like listening through mud (ironically ha). There was no problem on the version I saw but tonight I couldn't hear."
She added: "The director and execs were on the phone to the BBC from the off yelling 'why can't we hear it???' Too late I fear."
She wrote: "Complaints were relentless - quite rightly. None of (the) production team know what happened with the TX (transmission) sound. It was fine before."


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12 Jul 2014 : New colours for 3D printed Jolla covers #
After some new deliveries from Shapeways, I'm pleased to now be making available three new colours in the The Other Side 3D printed Jolla cover range. There's yellow, orange and green to go alongside the other five colours that were already available.


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Experts at Rush treat the full spectrum of spinal cancer, including cancer metastasis to the spine and spinal cord tumors. Physicians at Rush work as a team to provide an individualized treatment plan for each person and each cancer.
Surgeons at Rush are leaders in minimally invasive surgery for spinal tumors, which allows many patients to recover faster. A faster recovery also allows patients to begin chemotherapy and radiation therapy more quickly.
Rush offers TrueBeam Stx radiosurgery to treat spinal cancer. TrueBeam has an advanced computer-imaging system that can more precisely pinpoint higher doses of radiation. This precision allows for more effective treatment of difficult-to-reach spine tumors by targeting the tumor while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.


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Welcome to the CRG Discussion Forum!Forum registration problems: Make sure you enter your email correctly and you check your spam box first. *Then* email KurtS2@gmail for help.Classified ads are not allowed on the forum.
I just wanted to let all of you know that Ben and Lana Wenzel were in an automobile accident yesterday. I don't know all of the details right now, only that Ben is okay but Lana is in the hospital. I will post any new information as it becomes available. Ben has been like a big brother and mentor to me for many years, please keep both Ben and Lana in your prayers over this Thanksgiving weekend.For those that don't know Dave and Ben Wenzel, they race a 1967 Z28 in stock eliminator that Ben purchased brand new (only 602 were produced). The Wenzel Brothers had an incredible 2005 season winning the division and finishing 8th in world points. Jerry MacNeishCamaro Hi-Performance


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Mel B Rumored To Return To Dancing With The Stars For All-Star Season
I can't believe we're having to report on rumors for next season already 😯 , but, here goes! As you know from the announcement on the Results show last night, there is indeed an All-Star Season planned for Dancing With The Stars next season. Today Radar Online is reporting Mel B's return to the show is "practically a done deal". Below is more. Check out the tweet she made as well….
"Mel absolutely wants to come back and take another crack at winning the coveted mirror-ball trophy," a show insider tells RadarOnline.com. "Mel and Maks had great chemistry together and they definitely push each others buttons, which only makes their dances more intense and fiery. Remember, Maks has never won the trophy before, it's a constant thorn in his side, and he knows his best chance of winning is going to be with Mel. It's practically a done deal that the duo will be dancing together this fall and they are already talking about how they are going to win this time."
During Tuesday night's elimination show, in which fan favorite, Maria Menounos was sent home, it was announced that for the 15th season of the hit talent show, it's first ever all star edition will air.
Mel B came in second place during the fifth season of the show in 2007, with Maksim Chmerkovskiy. The British babe has appeared on the show as a guest judge and has remained very good friends with Maksim.
Dropping a not so subtle hint, Mel posted on her Twitter account Tuesday, "@MaksimC are we gonna do this or what brotha???" Brown is currently in Australia doing X Faxtor auditions as she is a judge on the version based in Oz.
If this rumor is true, bring her on. Though I was kind of hoping Kirstie would come back to dance with Maks…or maybe Willa Ford?
So, what do you think of Mel B returning to dance with Maks: For or Against?


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Martyred Holy Fathers who were slain at the Monastery of Saint Sabbas
Saints John, Sergius, Patrick and others were slain in the Monastery of Saint Sabbas. During the eighth century the area around Jerusalem was subjected to frequent incursions of the Saracens. The monastery of Saint Chariton was devastated and fell into ruin. Twice the Saracens tried to plunder the Lavra of Saint Sava the Sanctified, but God's Providence protected the monastery. The monks would have been able to escape the barbarians by going to Jerusalem, but they decided not to forsake the place where they had sought salvation for so many years.
On March 13, the Saracens broke into the monastery and demanded all the valuables. The monks told them that there was nothing in the monastery but a meager supply of food and old clothing. Then the Saracens began to shoot arrows at the monks.
Thirteen men were killed and many wounded, and monastery cells were set afire. The Saracens intended also to torch the monastery church, but seeing a throng of people in the distance, they mistook this for an army sent from Jerusalem. The Saracens managed to get away, carrying off the little they were able to plunder. After the enemy fled, Father Thomas, an experienced physician, began to help those who remained alive.
On Great Thursday, March 20, the Saracens again descended upon the Lavra with a larger force and began to beat up the monks. The survivors were driven into the church, where they were tortured in order to force them to reveal where any treasure might be hidden. The monastery was surrounded, so no one could save himself by fleeing. The barbarians seized Saint John, a young monk, who had cared for vagrants. They beat him fiercely, then they cut the sinews of his hands and feet and dragged him over stones by his feet, which tore the skin from the martyr's back.
The keeper of the church vessels, Saint Sergius, hid the church vessels and attempted to flee, but he was captured and beheaded. Several of the monks nevertheless managed to hide themselves outside the monastery in a cave, but they were spotted by a sentry on a hill, and they ordered everyone to come out. Inside the cave Saint Patrick whispered to the brethren huddled with him, "Fear not, I will go alone and meet my death. Meanwhile, sit and pray."
The Saracens asked whether there was anyone else in the cave, and Patrick said that he was alone. They led him to the Lavra, where the captives awaited their fate. The Saracens demanded of them a ransom of 4,000 gold pieces and the sacred vessels. The monks were not able to give such a ransom. Then they led them into the cave of Saint Sava inside the monastery walls. They lit a fire on which they piled up dung in front of the entrance to the cave, hoping to suffocate the monks with the poisonous fumes. Eighteen men perished in the cave, among whom were Saints John and Patrick. The Saracens continued to torture those who were still alive, but got nothing out of them. Finally, they left the monastery.
Later, on the night of Great Friday, the monks hidden in the hills returned to the Lavra, they took up the bodies of the murdered Fathers to the church and buried them there.
The barbarians who plundered the monastery were punished by God. They were stricken with a sudden illness, and they all perished. Their bodies were devoured by wild beasts.
The martyrs of Saint Sava's Lavra commemorated on May 16 suffered in the seventh century, during the reign of Heraclius (610-641).


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Failover Management Certification
|1. The formal education of an aspiring or existing Failover Management professional so as to establish a standardized and predetermined level of acceptable skills, credentials, knowledge and trust, such that the outcome yields a formally documented acknowledgement of such achievements like a license or a certificate.
Read More
|1) The Semantic Root Noun for this term is: Failover
2) Semantically Related Terms: The "Failover Management Glossary"
3) The Failover Management Home Page covers much more about other related terms and concepts associated with this term or phrase.


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Missing Links and Found Links
By Pat Lee Shipman
In and out of the water, transitional forms from the fossil record illuminate the nuts and bolts of evolution
In and out of the water, transitional forms from the fossil record illuminate the nuts and bolts of evolution
Though missing links are often talked about, it's the found ones that hold a special place in my heart. Found links are fossils that illustrate major transitions during evolutionary history. More than that, such creatures offer unexpected glimpses of the never-predictable twists and turns taken by evolution. Their discovery and surprise bring sheer fun to paleontology and biology.
I have always loved the iconic Archaeopteryx, a beautiful fossil recognized in 1860 that unmistakably combines features of two major groups of animals: birds and reptiles. The exquisite feathered wings of Archaeopteryx bear most unbirdlike claws; its birdlike skull contains an avian brain but carries sharp reptilian teeth, not a beak; and its feathered tail is underlain by a long bony tail typical of a small dinosaur, not a bird. Still, the feathers and wings on these 150-million-year-old fossils qualify Archaeopteryx for the title of First Bird.
Archaeopteryx is a found link in another sense, because the anatomy of this extraordinary species reveals how creatures evolved from propelling themselves along solid substrates, such as the ground or tree limbs, to moving through the air. It was a difficult transition. Archaeopteryx fascinates me in part because its anatomy is not that of a skillful, modern bird, yet it competed with contemporary pterodactyls, which flew using different anatomical structures. I often wonder why birds survived and those wonderful pterodactyls went extinct.
At the time of its discovery, Archaeopteryx was hailed by the anatomist Thomas Henry Huxley as stony proof of evolutionary theory. Decades later, Archaeopteryx was trumped by an extraordinary plethora of feathered dinosaurs—some nonflying—that tell different stories about the evolution of avian features.
I am equally enamored of another found link, the fossil skeleton of Tiktaalik roseae, described on April 6, 2006, in the journal Nature. Tiktaalikis a name suggested by the elders of the Nunavut people, who live where the fossils were found on Ellesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic; it means "large, shallow-water fish." This 375-million-year-old fish shows a delicious combination of unexpected features, some inherited from its fishy ancestors and some typical of later land-dwelling tetrapods (four-footed animals). Neil Shubin of the University of Chicago, co-leader of the discovery team, jokingly calls the newly discovered species a "fishapod."
Tiktaalik's fins, gills, scales and primitive jaw show it was a fish. Unlike fish and like tetrapods, it had a distinct neck, so its head moved independently of its body. Its flattened head and broad body make Tiktaalik look somewhat like a weird, scaly crocodile, an impression enhanced by its four-to-nine-foot length. Its skeleton differs markedly from those of crocodiles or alligators, though, despite the overall resemblance in body shape. Tiktaalik's front fins hold the biggest surprise. Each was a sort of half-fin, half-leg containing the bony elements found in a limb—with a functional wrist, elbow and shoulder—and yet retaining the bony "rays" of a fish fin. According to team member Farish Jenkins, Jr., of Harvard University, the front fins were sturdy enough to support the creature in very shallow water or on land for brief trips.
Its broad and robust ribs were imbricated, like tiles on a roof. They helped to support the body on land and probably housed lungs to supplement the gills. The presence of lungs is expected because many of the primitive fish in Tiktaalik's ancestry had lungs for gulping air at the water's surface as well as gills. Soft tissues are rarely preserved in fossils, so the lack of fossilized lungs is unremarkable. With or without lungs, Tiktaalik was uniquely adapted to moving between land and water.
"We were absolutely surprised at the features of the specimens," Ted Daeschler of the Academy of Natural Sciences, co-leader of the team, told me. "That is one of the beauties of this material. We knew the end points—fish at the beginning and tetrapods at the end—but we could not have predicted the sequence in which those anatomical changes occurred." Discovering the unexpected is one of the joys of paleontology.
A dramatic change in habitat—becoming a land animal when your ancestors lived in water—required many anatomical changes. Sturdy limbs replaced flexible fins. New foods had to be found, and new means of getting them had to be developed. In this case, when Tiktaalik crawled up on land it probably preyed upon insects. Predatory fish in the past and present often suck aquatic food into their mouths using the same mechanism that passes water across the gills. But Tiktaalik does not have a bony gill cover, which means there was less water flow over the gills and a less effective sucking mechanism. Too, its snout is longer than in its predatory ancestors. Both of these changes suggest that Tiktaalik was snapping up prey, perhaps from the air, rather than gulping down prey along with water.
Eventually tetrapods left the water and relied solely on lungs for respiration, abandoning their gills. By simply being, Tiktaalik not only proves that such major adaptive changes occurred but also reveals how this specific transition from water to land occurred.
This remarkable fossil shows us something else: that the transition was not an all-or-nothing affair. "Land" or "water" is too simple a dichotomy for the realities of ecosystems. There are many habitats—swamps, or shallow, plant-choked streams, or ponds that shrink seasonally and occasionally dry up—that require a range of adaptations to both land and water. Tiktaalik may have been at home in such places.
Tiktaalik's discovery made me reconsider the much later and opposite transition—from land back to the sea—which is documented in the excellent record of fossil whales. For example, Pakicetus is a 50-million-year-old species with whalelike teeth and a whalelike skull. Its skull possesses neither the anatomical adaptations for deep diving nor those for hearing underwater as well as modern whales do, suggesting Pakicetus used both land and shallow water environments. Most of its skeleton is still unknown, but the part of its pelvis that is known shows aquatic adaptations. Whether or not its limbs and feet were adapted for land or sea won't be known until a more complete specimen is found. Phil Gingerich of the Museum of Paleontology at the University of Michigan has found remains of Pakicetus and many other spectacular whale fossils. "We are looking for a skeleton of Pakicetus," he says with a grin, emphasizing the need for an intact specimen, "knowing that what we find might turn out to be quite different from what we expect."
Slightly younger Rodhocetus was better adapted to the water, with ankles like land mammals' that were connected to enlarged hind feet specialized for swimming. Its front feet retained land-adapted hooves.
From 45 million years ago, the fossil whale Dorudon had a less mobile (more fishlike) neck, front legs modified into flippers, vestigial hind legs and a powerful whale tail. Dorudon shows that foot-propelled swimming had been superseded by the tail-propelled swimming that characterizes modern whales. The features of these three species—plus those of a dozen other related species—can be used to sketch out the way in which land species returned to the sea and reevolved their aquatic adaptations, eventually evolving into whales.
Both transitions, water-to-land and land-back-to-water, occurred in a mosaic fashion and quite possibly used those intermediate habitats to which Tiktaalik is adapted. In fish and in whales, first the shape and design of the head evolved, then the forelimbs and finally the hindlimbs and tail. Are these parallels meaningful or simply coincidental? Did other lineages preserved in the far north evolve from a fishy life to a tetrapodal one in another way? Only more analysis and more fossils will tell.
Finding a missing link is a life's ambition for many paleontologists, often taking years of hard work, travel to remote regions and more than a generous dollop of luck. The aftermath of finding a missing link is more subtle than might be supposed. The paleontological record will always be sparse compared to the total number of creatures that ever lived, because fossilization is a very rare event. Millions of animals are born and die every day, but only a few of their bodies find habitats suitable for fossilization and preservation. Of those few creatures that die in the right place at the right time, many are preserved in places so thinly inhabited by human beings that no one who could recognize the fossil for what it is will ever see it. Not only does an organism have to be fossilized, but it must be found and recognized by a trained eye to add to the sum of scientific knowledge.
Although the discovery of a missing link is cause for celebration, it is also cause for more and deeper studies. Ironically, even as one link is found, two new missing links are "created"—one the immediate ancestor and one the immediate descendent of the newly found creature. But slowly, as discoveries proceed, paleontologists are able to compile an ever-clearer record of the evolution of life on Earth.
The discovery of Tiktaalik will encourage paleontologists to continue their intrepid searches in far-flung areas. With luck, its existence may spark others to rethink their position, too. Intelligent design advocates and creationists claim that too many links are missing for evolution to be credible; they see only the abrupt appearance of new forms created by an Intelligent Designer. Stephen Meyer, director of the Center for Science and Culture of the Discovery Institute, asserts that "the transitional life forms that ostensibly occupy the nodes of Darwin's branching tree of life are unobservable...."
The highly observable Tiktaalik is exactly the sort of transitional form that Meyer maintains does not exist. The fossils are real and solid evidence that you can hold in your hand. If you are willing to take the time to study their anatomy, you can see for yourself the evolutionary adaptations that were made over time. This ancient fish mutely tells a story of mosaic changes, of piecemeal adaptation to a new ecological niche. It joins myriad other "found links" that document transitions from one type of creature to another or from one habitat to another. Together these found links form a stony edifice in support of evolutionary theory.
Click "American Scientist" to access home page


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I've had a Peaberry V2 kit on my shelf for two years and I am finally building it. I have it assembled through the the receiver section. The receiver works and tunes in HDSDR. I've tested it on 20, 30, 40, and 60 using a signal generator. The problem is the the image is as big as the the fundamental and the receiver sensitivity seems low. I checked all the solders, tried direct injection on C27, and rewound T2. No change.
Using the recording function in HDSDR I recorded some data with a tone 1 KHz away from the LO frequency. I read the data into Matlab for analysis. The amplitudes of the both I and Q are low but they are very close. The phase difference between I and Q is 50 degrees. It should be 90 degrees. Any idea where I am getting a 40 degree phase shift?
Jim - KB1MVX


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July 21, 2013 @ 3:00 pm - July 26, 2013 @ 3:00 am
The premier international event on computer graphics and interactive techniques
What is the SIGGRAPH conference?
Now in its 40th year, the SIGGRAPH conference is the premier international event on computer graphics and interactive techniques. SIGGRAPH 2013 is expected to draw more than 20,000 professionals from five continents to Anaheim, California.
Who will be there?
The SIGGRAPH conference attracts the most respected technical and creative people from all over planet Earth. The SIGGRAPH community includes people everywhere who are excited by research, science, art, animation, gaming, interactivity, education, and the web. SIGGRAPH 2013 is sponsored by The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), an educational and scientific society uniting the world's computing educators, researchers, and professionals to inspire dialogue, share resources and address the field's challenges.
What is there to do at the conference?
The SIGGRAPH conference and exhibition is a five-day interdisciplinary educational experience including a three-day commercial exhibition that attracts hundreds of exhibitors from around the world. SIGGRAPH is widely recognized as the most prestigious forum for the publication of computer graphics research. In addition to SIGGRAPH's leading-edge technical program, the conference's installations provide close-up views of the latest in digital art, emerging technologies, and hands-on opportunities for creative collaboration. The conference also hosts the international SIGGRAPH Computer Animation Festival, showcasing works from the world's most innovative and accomplished digital film and video creators. Juried and curated content includes outstanding achievements in time-based art, scientific visualization, visual effects, real-time graphics, and narrative shorts. Since 1999, the festival has been an official qualifying event for the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Best Animated Short Film award.
Where will it take place?
The Anaheim Convention Center, Anaheim, California USA
The conference will take place between July 21 and 25 (Sunday through Thursday). The exhibition will run from July 23 to 25 (Tuesday through Thursday).


text: Madonna Celebrates 30th Anniversary On Billboard Charts 11/6/2012 by Gary Trust FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME Madonna Celebrates 30th Anniversary On Billboard Charts Madonna's material has been a force on Billboard rankings dating to her first entry on Nov. 6, 1982. Who's that girl celebrating her 30th anniversary on Billboard charts today? Madonna. Thirty years ago today, on Nov. 6, 1982, Madonna made her Billboard chart debut, entering the Dance/Club Play Songs tally at No. 40 with "Everybody." Since then, our charts and pop music have never been the same. "Everybody" was Madonna's first single for Sire/Warner Bros. and the first of an amazing 60 hits on the Dance/Club Play Songs chart (so far) for the diva. Madonna's Fashion Evolution: 50 Iconic Looks Here is a look at a few of the entertainer's amazing Billboard chart feats through the years: A record 156 No. 1s. Given her multi-format appeal, winning support at pop, dance and adult formats, Madonna leads all artists for the most No. 1s on all Billboard charts combined. When her latest single "Turn Up the Radio" ruled the Sept. 8 Dance/Club Play Songs chart, Madonna logged her record-extending 156th leader on an active, current-based domestic Billboard survey. A record 43 Dance/Club Play Songs No. 1s. Essentially, if Madonna releases a single and it charts on Dance/Club Play Songs, it's a safe bet to assume it'll go to No. 1. Since 2000, she's placed 26 hits on the survey. Of those, all but five have gone on to lead the list. Madonna is clearly the Queen of the Club. (Janet Jackson is next with 19 No. 1s.) Madonna is on the verge of tying George Strait's record for the most toppers on any single Billboard chart; the country legend has earned 44 No. 1s on Country Songs. A record 38 top 10 Billboard Hot 100 singles. In the 54-year history of Billboard's signature songs chart, Madonna has earned a record 38 top 10 hits. With 34, the Beatles rank second. Madonna first reached the Hot 100's top 10 with 1984's No. 10 hit "Borderline," which began her streak of 17 consecutive top 10s through 1989's No. 2-peaking "Cherish." She most recently reached the region with 2012's No. 10 hit "Give Me All Your Luvin'," featuring Nicki Minaj and M.I.A. 56 Hot 100 hits. Madonna first dented the Hot 100 almost a year to the day after she made her Dance/Club Play Songs arrival. "Holiday" was her first Hot 100 hit, partying its way onto the chart on Oct. 29, 1983 at No. 88. It eventually rose to No. 16, the first of 32 straight top 40 hits for Madonna. Among women, only Aretha Franklin (73) has made more Hot 100 visits than Madonna, while Taylor Swift ( as of last week) and Dionne Warwick have also tallied 56 entries. 12 Hot 100 No. 1s. Madonna's haul of chart-toppers is the fourth-best all-time. (The Supremes also boast 12 No. 1s). Only the Beatles (20), Mariah Carey (18) and Michael Jackson (13) have earned more. Madonna first hit No. 1 with 1984's "Like a Virgin," which spent six weeks atop the list (her second-longest reign; only 1995's "Take a Bow" (seven frames) led longer.) Madonna has also ruled with "Crazy for You" (1985), "Live to Tell," "Papa Don't Preach" (1986), "Open Your Heart," "Who's That Girl" (1987), "Like a Prayer" (1989), "Vogue" (1990), "Justify My Love" (1991), "This Used to Be My Playground" (1992) and "Music" (2000). 20 Billboard 200 top 10 albums. Madonna has rung up 20 top 10 albums on the Billboard 200 chart, the second-most among women after Barbra Streisand (32). Among all acts, Madonna and Bob Dylan are tied for the sixth-most top 10s, trailing only the Rolling Stones (36), Frank Sinatra (33), Streisand, the Beatles (30) and Elvis Presley (27). Among Madonna's 20 top 10 sets are eight No. 1s (also second only to Streisand, who's banked nine.) Madonna most recently topped the Billboard 200 with "MDNA" upon its April 14 debut. 5 Adult Contemporary No. 1s. After arriving as a dance diva, Madonna soon crossed to adult audiences, widening her appeal and helping to ensure that her catalog of hit singles scores daily airplay today. She's led AC with "Live to Tell" (1986), "La Isla Bonita" (1987), "Cherish" (1989), "I'll Remember" (1994) and "Take a Bow" (1995). A No. 1 … even when she's not No. 1. Madonna's songs have found a place atop a Billboard ranking even when she's not singing them. The cast of Fox's "Glee" crowned the May 8, 2010, Billboard 200 with the "Glee: the Music, the Power of Madonna" EP. Four of the release's covers reached the Hot 100 - "Like a Prayer" (No. 27), the "Borderline"/"Open Your Heart" mash-up, "Like a Virgin," and "4 Minutes" - reinforcing that the Queen of Pop's music continues to reign among each new generation. FACEBOOK TWITTER EMAIL ME