text:
Richard Belzer, Deborah Norville & the Real Ari Gold!
The dog days have arrived. Just ask Richard Belzer, who showed up in the Michael's dining room today with his pooch tucked under his arm. (No word on what Fido ordered.) The rest of the crowd barely noticed as the usual media mavens, publicists and Hollywood types table hopped and air kissed like crazy. Who has time for a summer vacation when there's business to be done?
I was lunching today with Dr. Brent Ridge, one of the stars of Planet Green's new reality show, The Fabulous Beekman Boys. The show chronicles the lives of Brent and his partner, Josh Kilmer-Purcell, as the fish-out-of-water couple turn their Sharon Springs, New York farm into the epicenter of their new organic lifestyle brand. It's the perfect antidote, says Brent, to the tawdry and toxic tone of other reality shows (Jersey Shore, anyone?). "It's inspirational and educational," says the TV star and cookbook author.
However, it's not without the requisite drama as the boys attempt to juggle their big city careers with life down on the farm with their goats, pigs and llamas. Brent says the biggest adjustment living life in front of the camera has been dealing with how much time it takes to shoot a single episode. Since producers wanted to show just what happens season-to-season on a working farm, the shooting has stretched over several months versus the usual few weeks. "I had no concept what it took," says Brent, who found himself scrambling after wrapping one episode when he had mere hours to get 14,000 bars of his organic soap hand wrapped and shipped.
Brent, who once toiled under Martha Stewart as vice president of Healthy Living, is also the creative force behind an upcoming auction of heirloom vegetables at Sotheby's benefiting The New Farmer Development Project NYC and The Sylvia Center. It's the kick off event of "Eat Drink Local" week and, says Brent, will bring out the who's who of the city's culinary community, many of whom will be cooking a course at the launch dinner. If you've got a craving to get an up close and personal look at life with Brent and Josh, you can bid on a weekend at the farm on Ebay next month or just tune in. The Fabulous Beekman Boys airs tonight at 9 on Planet Green.
Here's the rundown on today's crowd:
1. Half of 'The Imber Gang': Dr. Gerald Imber, Jerry Della Femina and Michael Kramer
2. Public relations maestro Paul Wilmot
3. William Morris' Sam Haskell and a bespectacled gal we didn't recognize.
4. Producers John Hart and Fred Zollo with a young mystery gal.
5. Uber agent (and the real life inspiration for Jeremy Piven's character on Entourage) Ari Emanuel. The infamous dealmaker, who was sporting the shiniest shoes I've ever seen and, of course, a Bluetooth headset, was the first to arrive today and spent the time waiting for his companion by pacing in the lounge. Second seating: The women of WowOwow.com: Joni Evans, Liz Smith (looking cool in seersucker), journo Julia Reed and Judith Martin aka "Miss Manners."
6. The always dapper Robert Zimmerman with New York City Council Speaker Christine Quinn and another gal we didn't get to meet.
7. Jack Myers
8. New York Social Diary's David Patrick Columbia and Elizabeth Peek.
9. Scribe Jennifer Keil
11. Bobby Friedman and Law & Order SVU's Richard Belzer. We wanted to get his take on his co-star Ice-T's recent brush with the law but were afraid he'd sic little Fido on us.
12. Abernathy & MacGregor's Jim Abernathy
14. Peter Price and Lynn Scherr


text:
'I'm gay': Jason Collins, L.A. native, hopes for best, plans for worst
NBA center and Harvard-Westlake School graduate Jason Collins came out Monday as the first active gay athlete in a major professional sport.
The 34-year-old Los Angeles native who helped lead Harvard-Westlake to two state championships in the 1990s with his twin brother, announced his sexual orientation in the May 6 issue of Sports Illustrated.
"I wish I wasn't the kid in the classroom raising his hand and saying, 'I'm different,' " Collins wrote. "If I had my way, someone else would have already done this. Nobody has, which is why I'm raising my hand."
PHOTOS: NBC center Jason Collins
Collins is the first active athlete to come out as gay in professional basketball, baseball, football or hockey. Others have come out as gay after they've retired, but never when they may still have to be in the locker room with teammates.
"I've been asked how other players will respond to my announcement," Collins wrote in the magazine. "The simple answer is, I have no idea. ... I hope for the best, but plan for the worst."
Homosexuality in men's professional sports -- particularly in the NBA -- has only been a topic for the last few years. In 2007, former player John Amaechi was the first former player to come out.
In the last couple of years, the topic has come up in the NFL. Minnesota Vikings punter Chris Kluwe and Baltimore Ravens linebacker Brendon Ayanbadejo have been at the forefront of the conversation, with each filing amicus curiae briefs to the U.S. Supreme Court advocating for gay marriage.
1 killed, 2 wounded in early morning L.A. shootings
Police find fingerprints at scene of 8-year-old girl's killing
L.A. Votes: Record-breaking spending as voters pick next mayor
The stories shaping California
Get up to speed with our Essential California newsletter, sent six days a week.
You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
NetBSD Documentation: Other FAQs and HOWTOs
General questions about NetBSD
User configuration
- Adding a user
- Changing the information displayed via finger?
- Problems logging in as, or 'su'ing to, root
- Adding something to your path
- Setting something for all users
- Cursor key editing or filename completion in a shell
- Specifying a language for messages
Printing and Scanning
- Printing man pages as PostScript
- Printing to a remote SMB printer from NetBSD
- Configuring a HP JetDirect Card via DHCP
- Why doesn't sh suppress the "burst" page on an HP JetDirect?
- Scanning under NetBSD
Disks & Filesystems
- Adding a disk to an existing system
- Moving /usr from root to a different partition
- How to mount a 'read-only' filesystem read/write?
- When is it safe to use fsck?
- For what is /kern used?
- For what is /proc used?
- Encrypted swap with cgd(4)
Boot-Related Questions
- What is single-user mode? Why and how should you use it?
- How to switch from single-user to multi-user
- How to read the boot messages?
- How to shutdown the machine?
- How to reboot the machine?
- Starting a program at boot time
Memory/Swap Configuration
- How much swap space
- Adding more swap to a running system
- Tuning Virtual Memory to improve performance on low-memory systems
Common (and less common) problems
- /usr/bin/nroff: not found when running 'man'
- 'Unable to lock mailbox: Permission denied' when reading mail
- netstat: kvm_read kvm_read: Bad address when running 'netstat -r'
- When I try 'netstat -r' I get an endless stream of question marks. What's wrong?
- w, ps, and netstat do not work after upgrading to a new kernel
- After changing kernels, 'ps' reports "proc size mismatch"
- 'hash map "Alias0":unsafe map file /etc/aliases: No such file or directory' is displayed
- How do I prevent portmap messages from showing up in shells, when logged in as root
- How do I get umlauts and other localised characters displayed?
Other Questions
- Compiler-related issues
- Editing files under NetBSD
- Rebuilding /dev
- Connecting a UPS to a NetBSD system
- After changing /etc/motd something reset it to its original contents
- Where to sell NetBSD related hardware?
- Setting up a striped (ccd) drive
- Utility for editing or creating console bitmap fonts?
General questions about NetBSD
What changed between NetBSD releases?
A relatively up-to-date list of all changes (including those in NetBSD-current) is available.
There is also a
CHANGES file
in the top level directory of each release, and maintained online for
and the
Is NetBSD exportable from the US?
Previously, the (US) domestic portion of NetBSD (both binaries and sources) containing code based on DES (such as KerberosIV, the bdes command etc.) have not been legally exportable from the United States or Canada.
Some time early in January 2000, the Bureau of Export Administration (BXA) of the US Department of Commerce published a new set of export regulations covering the export of cryptographic software. The new export regulations are more lenient in permitting export of cryptographic source code, but require that the BXA be notified when code is made available.
The NetBSD Project has now sorted out the details of this issue, and the outcome is as follows:
- The cryptographic parts of our code are still under control by the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).
- None of this software may be downloaded or otherwise exported or re-exported into (or to a national or resident of) Cuba, Iraq, Libya, Sudan, North Korea, Iran, Syria or any other country to which the U.S. has embargoed goods.
- By downloading or using said software, you are agreeing to the foregoing and you are representing and warranting that you are not located in, under the control of, or a national or resident of any such country or on any such list.
Other use or export is no longer restricted.
For what is NetBSD used?
In the words of Chris G. Demetriou (firstname.lastname@example.com):
" NetBSD, in general, is meant as a "stable research platform" -- that is, a system that can be used for commercial, home, and research work... what _you_ do with it is up to you. In general, those of us working on NetBSD are trying to improve the system in whatever way we can -- support for more hardware, stability, performance, documentation... "
Please see About the NetBSD Project page for more information.
User configuration
Adding a user
You can use the useradd(8) command to add users. Editing
/etc/passwd will not work. If you want to edit the password
database, use vipw(8). See pwd_mkdb(8) for more information.
Changing the information displayed via
Use the chfn(1) and chsh(1) commands, or use
vipw(8) to edit
Problems logging in as, or 'su'ing to, root
This covers a number of possible problems:
Unable to login directly as root
NetBSD will only allow direct root login on terminals marked as 'secure' in
/etc/ttys(see ttys(5)). To be able to login directly as root across the network (not recommended) you will need to add '
secure' to the end of every network terminal line. For those who prefer not to have to edit each line you can (as root) type:
cd /etc cp ttys ttys.orig cat ttys.orig | sed 's/network$/network secure/' > ttys
Unable to 'su' to root
NetBSD checks the contents of the 'wheel' group in
/etc/groupfor any attempt to su(1) to root. If it is empty (wheel:*:0:) then anyone with the correct password can su to root. Otherwise it should be a comma separated (no spaces!) list of the permitted accounts.
Unable to 'su' to anyone
Type "
ls -l /usr/bin/su". The first 'word' on the output should be '-r-sr-xr-x'. If it is anything else (such as '-r-xr-xr-x'). Type (as root) "
chmod 4555 /usr/bin/su". The 's' in that position indicates it is a 'setuid' binary, which in this case allows 'su' to run with root privileges.
This problem can be caused by not giving the '-p' (preserve permissions) flag to tar when extracting the distribution. If this was the case then re-extract all the tarfiles (except etc.tar.gz) as various other utilities will also be broken.
Adding something to your path
For example, to add /usr/X11R7/bin to your path, edit the file .login in your home directory and add the following:
set path = ( /usr/X11R7/bin $path )
This only works for the C-shell csh(1), and derivatives such as
For sh(1) and derivatives (like
shells/bash), the correct syntax is:
PATH=/usr/X11R7/bin:$PATH export PATH
Setting something for all users
You can set something for all users running csh(1) or
by adding it to one of the following files:
This is run every time a new shell is opened, before any
.cshrcin the user's home directory.
This is run when the user logs in, after anything in
/etc/csh.cshrc, but before any
.loginin the user's home directory.
This is run when the user logs out, before any
.logoutin the user's home directory.
Cursor key editing or filename completion in a shell
This depends on the type of shell you are using:
sh(1) (Bourne shell)
This shell is used in single-user mode and is the standard user shell since NetBSD 4.0. Command line editing can be enabled with the command '
set -E' or '
set -o emacs'. Filename completion by TAB can be enabled by '
set -o tabcomplete'. The default configuration has both features enabled (in
/etc/shrc, read from
~/.shrc). This can be added to the
/.profilefile so you always have command line editing in single-user mode.
csh(1) ('C' shell)
This was the standard user shell until NetBSD 4.0, it supports filename completion ('set filec' and use the ESCAPE key) but does not support command line editing.
ksh(1) (Korn Shell)
This is a public domain version of the Korn Shell, aka pdksh. It supports command line editing in both Emacs or Vi mode ('set -o {emacs,vi}'). In Emacs mode, filename and command completion by TAB is enabled by default. Use 'set -o vi-tabcomplete' or 'set -o vi-esccomplete' to get Vi mode with completion by TAB or ESC, respectively.
The public domain korn shell is part of the NetBSD base system, but is also available from the NetBSD packages collection, under
shells/pdkshfor other operating systems. The KSH-93 is also available in
bash (GNU Bourne Again Shell)
'bash' is another extended shell with command line editing, this time based on 'sh'. You can install it from the NetBSD packages collection, under
tcsh (an extended 'C' shell)
'tcsh' is a near perfect superset of csh, with many useful extra features, including filename completion (use TAB) and command line editing. You can install it from the NetBSD packages collection, under
Other shells
The NetBSD packages collection also contains various other command line shells under the
Specifying a language for messages
NetBSD uses the '
LANG' environment variable determine which
language to use for error messages and suchlike. This can be set in csh
or tcsh with the command '
setenv LANG XX' where XX is
the two letter country code. For a list of supported codes type '
Please note: Only certain messages have been translated. To
test, set the
LANG variable and type
cd /a_directory_that_does_not_exist
Printing and Scanning
Printing man pages as PostScript
Man pages are held in nroff(1) source in /usr/share/man/manX/manpage.X, where X is the section number (eg: 1 in the case of nroff). To convert them into PostScript one can use:
groff -Tps -mandoc /usr/share/man/manX/manpage.X
For example to convert the ls(1) man page into PostScript and send it directly to the default printer via lpr(1) you can use.
groff -Tps -mandoc /usr/share/man/man1/ls.1 |lpr
If you wish to print on a different type of printer you may want to
use the
print/ghostscript package
from pkgsrc.
Printing to a remote SMB printer from NetBSD
Please see this page for details.
Configuring a HP JetDirect Card via DHCP
If you have a JetDirect print server such as the JetDirect EX Plus, you can use
dhcpd(8) under NetBSD to configure the print server. The steps are:
Create an entry in
/etc/dhcpd.conf for the JetDirect server:
options jd-tftp-cfg code 144 = string; options jd-tftp-server code 150 = string; allow bootp; # [...] host hp690c { fixed-address hp690c; # set to the DNS name or address of the JetDirect hardware ethernet 00:60:b0:00:11:22; # set to the MAC address of the JetDirect option log-servers servername; # set to the DNS name or address of log server option jd-tftp-server servername; # set to the DNS name or address of tftp server option jd-tftp-cfg "hpnp/hp690c.cfg"; # name of the JetDirect config file }
See dhcpd.conf(5) for more information on this file.
Make sure that
tftpd is enabled in
Note the argument to "-s" on the
tftp line of
/etc/inetd.conf. This is
the tftpd(8) root directory. For the rest of this example it is assumed that
the tftpd(8) root directory is set to
Make sure that
dhcpd is enabled in
Next create a Network Printer Interface (NPI) configuration file.
In this example, the file
/tftpboot/hpnp/hp690c.cfg. This file should look something like:
name: printer name location: Location of the Printer contact: Contact Person idle-timeout: 1800 banner: 0
If you made changed to
/etc/inetd.conf, make sure inetd(8)
re-reads inetd.conf(5) by doing
kill -HUP `cat /var/run/inetd.pid`.
When you reboot the JetDirect print server (or printer with HP JetDirect
card), the server should get configured by DHCP.
On some printers, you may have to explicitly enable BOOTP/DHCP configuration
from the front panel.
Why doesn't sh suppress the "burst" page on an HP JetDirect?
The "burst" page is a function of the host with the locally attached printer,
or in this case, the dedicated hardware emulating lpd(8). When NetBSD is used
as a remote spooler, with rm, it never adds an additional burst page.
The JetDirect's "burst" page is an unusual feature in a dedicated device.
actually calls it a "trailer".
You can disable it as above, by setting
banner: 0, or simply telnet
to port 23 of the device, and issue the command
banner 0, then
Some JetDirect units may need their firmware upgraded to add the
banner command.
You will need to use the appropriate JetDirect network management
tools available from HP to do this.
You may need to set the SNMP read and write community strings to
known values in order to perform this upgrade.
To set these, use the following lines in the NPI configuration
get-community-name: read-password set-community-name: write-password
(See the above section on configuring the JetDirect cards with DHCP.) Just be aware of the security ramifications of leaving these entries in a publicly available (via TFTP) configuration file...
Scanning under NetBSD
NetBSD supports various different SCSI scanners using the
graphics/sane-backends scanning package.
Frontends for accessing the API provided by that package are in the
graphics/sane-frontends package, or it can
be called directly by graphics tools such as the
Disks & Filesystems
Adding a disk to an existing system
- Halt the system
- Connect the new drive
- If your machine has a PROM or BIOS that can list drives, check that the
drive is recognised:
sparc/sparc64: Press
[STOP][A]on attached keyboard or a break (BRK) signal via serial console before the boot process starts, then at the "
ok" prompt,
i386 with adaptec BIOS: Press
[CTRL][A]before the boot starts to enter the BIOS.
- other: more details welcomed :)
- sparc/sparc64: Press
- boot
- Check dmesg(8) output to confirm that the drive is recognized
- Write a disklabel(5) including the partitions using disklabel(8)
(if the disk doesn't have a disklabel yet, you'll probably do something like:
disklabel -i -I sd1 # ignore any "sd1: no disk label"Partition 'c' is reserved for the entire NetBSD portion of a disk, and on some ports (notably i386), 'd' is similarly reserved for the entire disk. The following is a sample session setting the entire disk to be one filesystem 'e':
partition> e Filesystem type [?] [unused]: 4.2BSD Start offset [0c, 0s, 0M]: Partition size ('$' for all remaining) [0c, 0s, 0M]: $ e: 234375000 0 4.2BSD 0 0 0 # (Cyl. 0 - 232514*) partition> W Label disk [n]? y partition> QInside
disklabel -iyou can use '?' for additional help.
- For each filesystem added,
newfs <filesystem>(where <filesystem> is the partition's raw device, like /dev/rsd1e, /dev/rwd1f, ...)
- Put the filesystems into
fsck(8) them:
fsck -f <filesystem>
mount(8) them:
mount -va
Moving /usr from root to a different partition
- Make sure that the desired new location (e.g.
/dev/sd0e) does not overlap any existing partitions. Check the output from disklabel(8).
- If it does not already contain a filesystem, run
# newfs /dev/sd0e
- Mount it and copy across data:
# mount /dev/sd0e /mnt
# cd /usr
# pax -rw -pe . /mnt
# umount /mnt
- Edit
/etc/fstaband add '
/dev/sd0e /usr ffs rw 1 2' (change
/dev/sd0efor your situation).
- Shutdown to single user mode and make new mountpoint:
# shutdown now
# mv /usr /usr.old
# mkdir /usr
- Bring system up, test, and when all OK, '
rm -rf /usr.old'.
How to mount a 'read-only' filesystem read/write?
Use mount(8)'s
-u (update) switch: '
mount -u /'. More than likely, you booted single-user
which mounts the root filesystem read-only by default. This gives you a chance
to run fsck by hand before bringing the system up into multi-user. One
other way to mount all the filesystems in
/etc/fstab as read/write
is to use '
mount -a'.
However, the best way to do this is to go into multi-user mode by exiting
from your single-user shell. This will mount all of the filesystems in
/etc/fstab in whatever mode they are listed.
When is it safe to use fsck?
Only use fsck(8) on an unmounted or read-only filesystem. Running
fsck(8) on a r/w filesystem is dangerous and could corrupt the filesystem.
If you bring the system up into single-user mode, the system will be
mounted read-only. From there you can do an '
fsck -p'
to check all filesystems before bringing the system up into multi-user
mode. If the filesystem has previously been marked "clean," and you still
want to check it, you can use the
-f flag to fsck(8).
If you do make any changes to the filesystem using fsck, it is probably
best to type '
reboot -n' to reboot the machine immediately
without syncing the disks.
For what is
/kern used?
It is used for mounting the kernfs filesystem. See the mount_kernfs(8) manual page.
For what is
/proc used?
It is used for mounting the procfs filesystem. Consult The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating System by Leffler, McKusick, et al., p. 104-5, 436. Also see the mount_procfs(8) manual page.
This is normally used by creating a '/proc' directory as root, then
adding the following to /etc/fstab (see fstab(5)):
/proc /proc procfs rw 0 0
Encrypted swap with cgd(4)
Since the topic of swap encryption pops up from time to time, this information could be useful for some people who are interested in encrypting their swap space but are not sure how to set it up.
Currently there is one limitation, cgd devices are created with disklabel containing only one slice marked as 4.2BSD which is not suitable for swapping into. This is the reason why using cgd drive as a swap device is not straightforward. Roland Dowdeswell is looking into this and it should be resolved in the near future.
A real world example: Our swap device wd0b will be configured as cgd1, using 256 bit aes-cbc key. Step by step instructions follows:
1) generate a paramsfile for the cgd device. the default file would be /etc/cgd/wd0b but i will use /etc/cgd/swap for better illustration: # cgdconfig -g -V none -k randomkey aes-cbc > /etc/cgd/swap 2) configure the cgd device over wd0b, (make sure wd0b is not used as a swap device at this moment): # cgdconfig cgd1 /dev/wd0b /etc/cgd/swap 3) edit disklabel for cgd1, we need to create a valid swap slice. save the disklabel to a file: # disklabel -e -I cgd1 # /dev/rcgd1d: type: cgd disk: cgd label: default label flags: bytes/sector: 512 sectors/track: 2048 tracks/cylinder: 1 sectors/cylinder: 2048 cylinders: 128 total sectors: 263655 rpm: 3600 interleave: 1 trackskew: 0 cylinderskew: 0 headswitch: 0 # microseconds track-to-track seek: 0 # microseconds drivedata: 0 4 partitions: # size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg/sgs] d: 263655 0 4.2BSD 0 0 0 # (Cyl. 0 - 128*) create a swap slice and change label (that's not really necessary, just for our information): # /dev/rcgd1d: type: cgd disk: cgd label: swap flags: bytes/sector: 512 sectors/track: 2048 tracks/cylinder: 1 sectors/cylinder: 2048 cylinders: 128 total sectors: 263655 rpm: 3600 interleave: 1 trackskew: 0 cylinderskew: 0 headswitch: 0 # microseconds track-to-track seek: 0 # microseconds drivedata: 0 4 partitions: # size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg/sgs] a: 263655 0 swap # (Cyl. 0 - 128*) and save it to a file: # disklabel cgd1 > /etc/cgd/swap.disklabel 4) set up the cgd device to be configured automatically at boot. add the following line into your /etc/cgd/cgd.conf: cgd1 /dev/wd0b /etc/cgd/swap 5) now we need to restore our disklabel to the newly created cgd device at boot time. create /etc/rc.conf.d/cgd with this simple function: swap_device="cgd1" swap_disklabel="/etc/cgd/swap.disklabel" start_postcmd="cgd_swap" cgd_swap() { if [ -f $swap_disklabel ]; then disklabel -R -r $swap_device $swap_disklabel fi } 6) add the cgd device into /etc/fstab as a swap device: /dev/cgd1a none swap sw 0 0
That's all. Now you can activate your swap partition with 'swapctl -a /dev/cgd1a' or just reboot.
What you see above is a setup from my laptop.
Device 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Priority /dev/cgd1a 131827 8828 122999 7% 0
Boot-Related Questions
What is single-user mode? Why and how should you use it?
'single-user' mode is when the kernel has booted, but only runs a single shell on the console. If you boot single-user only the root filesystem will be mounted, and it will be mounted read-only. Among the many uses for single-user mode are:
fsckyour filesystem due to suspected corruption.
- edit corrupted system configuration files in
- install a new set of binaries which you downloaded or compiled yourself.
- make a backup of your filesystem without worrying about interference from user processes.
You can enter single-user mode by running '
now' as root on a running system, or by booting the system
with the '-s' flag (the method for doing this varies from port to
Once booted single-user you may find some of the following commands useful:
fsck -p ; mount -va
Check the filesystems with fsck(8), then make them available with mount(8).
set -E
Enable command line editing.
TERM=vt220 ; export TERM
Set and export the TERM variable, to permit editors such as vi(1) to work. Note: You may need to use a different terminal type from 'vt220', depending on the console type.
sh /etc/rc.d/network start
Bring up the network. If you have any nfs mounted filesystems you may want to do this before the fsck and mount. If you have a system prior to NetBSD 1.5, the command to use is
sh /etc/netstart.
How to switch from single-user to multi-user
Exit the single-user shell with "exit" or ctrl-D.
The system will boot up to multi-user mode, starting all kind of services, etc. Note that disks are not checked when going from single-user to multi-user mode!
How to read the boot messages?
The system message buffer can be displayed with dmesg(8). This is usually
(in 1.4 and later) automatically stored in /var/run/dmesg.boot immediately
after each boot. If kernfs (see mount_kernfs(8)) is enabled, as in install
kernels, you can also
more /kern/msgbuf.
How to shutdown the machine?
To drop back into single-user mode, use '
shutdown now'. To
halt the machine, use '
shutdown -h now'. On some ports,
you may need to use '
shutdown -p now' to actually power off
the machine. Please see the shutdown(8) manual page for complete details.
How to reboot the machine?
Use '
shutdown -r now' or '
reboot'. See the
shutdown(8) or reboot(8) manual pages for further details.
Starting a program at boot time
To start programs at system boot time, any commands can be added to
/etc/rc.local, which will be ran at the end of the boot
As an alternative mostly for non-root users, the Vixie cron(8) (used in NetBSD)'s special @reboot time specification can be used to start a given program at cron(8) startup time, which usually coincides with the system booting. This also allows users without root privileges to run commands automatically at startup.
Memory/Swap Configuration
How much swap space
On older unix systems it was recommended to have twice as much swap space as RAM. This was because active pages in RAM had to have pages allocated in swap, effectively limiting the total virtual memory to the size of the swap space. On NetBSD this is no longer true, so total virtual memory is approximately swap + RAM.
Under NetBSD there are three primary uses for swap space:
Additional virtual memory
Less active pages containing modified data can be migrated to swap space allowing virtual memory to be larger than physical memory.
An area for kernel core dumps
This is then read by savecore(8), on boot. For this to work the primary swap partition must be slightly larger than the total RAM.
For mfs(8) filesystems
Classically mounted on /tmp in order to speed up any programs using /tmp, by adding the following to the fstab(5) file:
swap /tmp mfs rw,-s=SIZE 0 0where SIZE is in 512byte blocks. The space required is taken from the swap space as the filesystem is used.
The 'correct' value for swap is dependent on the usage of the system, but for some general rules:
- A good base size is the larger of RAM or 32MB, plus the total size of any mfs(8) filesystems.
- If you intend to run X(7), add the larger of 1/2 of RAM or 16MB.
- Always try to split swap across as many disks as possible to increase the available swap bandwidth.
- Guess high, rather than low - running out of swap can cause the system to have to kill running processes.
Adding more swap to a running system
Systems should be configured with sufficient swap space, as per the How much swap entry.
There are three ways to add swap to a configured system:
Rebuild the system disk, using a larger swap partition.
While arguably the cleanest solution, this obviously involves significant disruption.
Add an additional swap partition.
When you add a disk it is usually a good idea to include a small 'b' partition for additional swap, and add an entry of the form:
/dev/DISKb none swap sw 0 0to your
/etc/fstabfile to automatically enable on boot. (Where
DISKis the disk name such as 'sd1' or 'wd2').
Create a swap file.
The quickest and simplest option is to create a file in an existing filesystem, and use it as additional swap space. While accessing this will be slightly slower than dedicated swap partitions (due to fragmentation and filesystem overhead), it is ideal for solving a temporary swap shortage.
To add 10 MBytes of swap space is as easy as selecting a filesystem with sufficient free space and:
# dd if=/dev/zero bs=1m count=10 of=/somefilesystem/swap # chmod 600 /somefilesystem/swap # swapctl -a -p 1 /somefilesystem/swap
The dd(1) command creates a 10 MByte file `
/somefilesystem/swap'. This swap file needs to be chmod(1) 600 so that unprivileged users may not read its contents (swapctl(8) will reject world readable files). Then swapctl(8) command adds
/somefilesystem/swapto the system swap space at priority 1. Priority 0 is the (default) highest priority, and since swapping to files is slightly slower we only want the system to use the file when conventional swap has all been used.
To make swapping to that file permanent and enable it on every reboot, put something like the following into /etc/fstab:
/somefilesystem/swap none swap sw,priority=1 0 0
Tuning Virtual Memory to improve performance on low-memory systems
According to a
post by Simon Burge on the tech-kern list, it is possible to greatly improve
the performance of small-memory machines by tweaking the virtual memory settings.
While it is in your best interests to read his entire post and decide for yourself
what your settings should be, the gist is that you'll want to run
sysctl -w
vm.anonmax=95. According to the sysctl(3) page, this changes "The percentage
of physical memory which will be reclaimed from other types of memory usage to
store anonymous application data."
Common (and less common) problems
/usr/bin/nroff: not found when running 'man'
You need to install the 'text' set, text.tgz. See your base install notes.
'Unable to lock mailbox: Permission denied' when reading mail
Check the permissions on the
/var/mail directory. They should be
% ls -ld /var/mail
drwxrwxrwt 2 root wheel 512 Nov 6 08:21 /var/mail
If they are not, as root run '
chmod 1777 /var/mail'.
netstat: kvm_read kvm_read: Bad address when running '
netstat -r'
This is nothing to worry about. Basically, the file
is not your current kernel. A number of programs (such as
systat etc.) and libkvm kvm(3), access
/netbsd to learn what's going on in the kernel. So you
can simply rename your current kernel to
/netbsd to make
this kind of error go away. Make sure that you are not overwriting
a working kernel when you do this, though, unless that is exactly
what you intend to do.
When I try '
netstat -r' I get an endless stream of question marks. What's wrong?
That's a mis-match between
libkvm/netstat and
Or it's that you're running a kernel that's not named
Other symptoms of this problem are likely to be that
ifconfig, and
systat will not work either.
If you update your binaries and your kernel at the same time, then you
should be OK.
ps, and
netstat do not work after upgrading to a new kernel
One of two things. Either your currently booted kernel isn't named
/netbsd or else you have a mismatch between your kernel and the
binaries you are using. In the first case, simply making a link from your
currently booted kernel to
/netbsd will solve the problem.
In the second case, dynamically linked binaries can usually be fixed by
upgrading libkvm to match your new kernel. Statically linked binaries need
to be replaced with more recent versions. Since they are statically
linked, if you are going to recompile them yourself, you need to rebuild
libkvm.a before you rebuild the program in question.
Thanks to John Wittkowski (firstname.lastname@example.com), here is a list of most of the
programs (besides
/bin/ps) that depend on libkvm (all of these are
After changing kernels, 'ps' reports "proc size mismatch"
Like the previous three questions on this subject, the answer is most likely that your libkvm is out of sync with your kernel or binaries. To solve this problem, you can either get a binary distribution which matches your kernel, or you can build you own by following the instructions below:
If you get the "proc size mismatch" error and you determine that you need to update your libs, here's what to do: 1. Get all the source code. If you're not willing to do this and recompile things than you'll have to find someone who will do it for you and you can try installing everything by hand. 2. Make sure that your include files are up to date. Do this by: cd /usr/src make includes This will take a while. I had some trouble with this because some of the Makefiles didn't have the INSTALL variable defined. Whenever the "make includes" failed, I went to the last directory listed and added the following line to the Makefile: INSTALL=/usr/bin/install I had to do this several times before the make finished without any errors. (If you make sure that /usr/bin/make and all the files in /usr/share/mk are up to date first, the above difficulties can probably be avoided) 3. Rebuild the libkvm and install it: cd /usr/src/lib/libkvm make make install Note that in order to get the libkvm to compile on my system I had to add the following link: cd /usr/include/machine ln -s ../m68k/kcore.h kcore.h This may have been a quirk of my system so try compiling without it first. 4. Then rebuild the binaries that are STATICALLY linked to libkvm. The only statically linked program that I am aware of is "/bin/ps". To rebuild ps, simply: cd /usr/src/bin/ps make make install 5. You may or may not need to rebuild the binaries that are dynamically linked to libkvm. This is because (I think) if the major version number of the lib changes then the old binaries will expect the old version number and not work with the newer version of the lib. For example, my old libkvm was libkvm.so.4.0. The new one was libkvm.so.5.0. Without recompiling the dynamically linked binaries, it would still complain about "proc size mismatch" (if the 4.0 lib was still there) or some lib missing error (if the 4.0 lib had been removed from /usr/lib). If the version minor number changes (4.0 to 4.1, for example), I think it will run with a warning and so you may not need to recompile all of these things. The dynamically linked binaries that I am aware of will give the "proc size mismatch" error (if the 4.0 lib was still there) or some lib missing error (if the 4.0 lib had been removed from /usr/lib). If the version minor number changes (4.0 to 4.1, for example), I think it will run with a warning, and you may not need to recompile all of these things. The dynamically linked binaries that I am aware of are: /usr/bin/fstat /usr/bin/gdb /usr/bin/ipcs /usr/bin/netstat /usr/bin/nfsstat /usr/bin/systat /usr/bin/uptime (linked to /usr/bin/w) /usr/bin/vmstat /usr/bin/w Note that /usr/bin/uptime is a link to /usr/bin/w and will be set up properly when you do the "make install" for w. To recompile these, do the following: cd /usr/src/usr.bin/<cmd> make make install For example, to recompile /usr/bin/vmstat: cd /usr/src/usr.bin/vmstat make make install
Much thanks to John Wittkowski (firstname.lastname@example.com) for providing such a detailed answer for this one.
A little background: the reason that these system utilities need to grovel through kernel memory to get information, including going through all the trouble mentioned above, is that this method also works on kernel crash dumps, which can be quite a useful feature when debugging kernels.
'hash map "Alias0":unsafe map file
/etc/aliases: No such file or directory' is displayed
You can fix this by typing '
newaliases' as root.
Sendmail reports this when the aliases(5) file is not present. Note that sendmail(8) actually uses
/etc/aliases.db (which is a fast lookup
hash(3) map built from
/etc/aliases), so the error message can be
a little misleading. This should only really be noticed in NetBSD 1.3
to 1.4, other versions have a different
/etc/sendmail.cf which
instructs sendmail to automatically rebuild
/etc/aliases.db as
needed. If you are not running at least NetBSD 1.4.1 you should probably
upgrade to a newer formal release.
How do I prevent
portmap messages from showing up in shells, when logged in as root
security/sudo and never log in as root.
If you must log in as root, then you can edit your
/etc/syslog.conf file and remove the necessary facilities to
prevent the annoying messages. In most cases, it's sufficient to disable
auth.debug in the line reading:
*.notice;auth.debug root
This will eliminate those annoying
portmap [pid]: connect from some.other.host ...
messages. Be sure to
kill -HUP the pid of
syslogd process.
You may also wish to look at the FAQ entry
for using an
How do I get umlauts and other localised characters displayed?
Per default, NetBSD has already numerous locales installed. You can find
them in
/usr/share/locale. Choose the locale most suitable for your
location and set the LANG environment variable accordingly. Note that it is
not sufficient to set LANG to, say, ``de_DE'', but that you should
use the full locale, such as ``de_DE.ISO8859-15''.
For example, it could be set in your
ksh(1) or sh(1) shell's
~/.profile file:
export LANG=de_DE.ISO8859-15
Other Questions
Compiler-related issues
A common cause of compilation issues is the compiler being killed for running out of RAM. Please examine the tail of dmesg to see if a program was recently killed by UVM before treating it as a compiler issue.
Compiler-related bug reports are helped by providing the pre-processed
source used to generate the problem.
If you have identified the compilation command used to generate the file, add the -save-temps to the command.
This will save a mysource.i or mysource.ii containing a file that can be used to compile the same program without the use of additional headers.
Share this file as well as the flags used in compilation in any bug reports.
Finally, report your bug via this form.
For example, given the following results:
$ gcc -O2 -c oacc-parallel.c oacc-parallel.c: In function 'e': oacc-parallel.c:7:1: internal compiler error: in change_address_1, at emit-rtl.c:2150 } ^ Please submit a full bug report, with preprocessed source if appropriate.
We will re-run the command with -save-temps:
gcc -O2 -c oacc-parallel.c -save-temps
This generates oacc-parallel.i in the current directory.
Please include this file and the command
gcc -O2 -c oacc-parallel.c
in your bug report.
Editing files under NetBSD
There are two obvious options in the base system:
ed(1) (Line orientated text editor)
edis a very simplistic text editor. It has a command mode, (active when first started) and an input mode. Its primary advantages are it is available even in single-user mode with only the '/' filesystem mounted, and will work even without a correct terminal type set. It is worth gaining a basic understanding of ed(1) - enough to fix fstab(5) and rc.conf(5) files in an emergency.
vi(1) (Screen orientated text editor)
viretains the command and input modes of ex(1), but adds a full screen visual interface. vi is the only screen editor available in the base install, and requires a valid terminal type to run.
There are a number of online vi tutorials:If you are trying to use vi to setup rc.conf(5), you should read the entry on single-user mode.
editors/vilearn- in pkgsrc and highly recommended.
- VI lovers home page.
- Purdue University Engineering Computer Network.
There are a large number of editors available under the
category in pkgsrc, including:
A small, fast editor capable of emulating WordStar and emacs key bindings (jstar, jmacs).
editors/joewill be familiar to people who have used Borland IDEs.
A very simple to use text editor, as used in the
mail/pinemail package.
A proverbial 'everything and the kitchen sink' editor, including a complete lisp interpreter. Not recommended for small machines.
A simple GTK3 based GUI editor.
/dev directory contains the necessary device
files for accessing hardware and pseudo devices. If it becomes damaged,
much strangeness can ensue. To rebuild the
directory, you should first boot single-user (it should be possible
to perform while multiuser, but this is not recommended), then:
mkdir /newdev cd /newdev cp /dev/MAKEDEV /newdev/MAKEDEV sh MAKEDEV all cd / mv dev olddev; mv newdev dev rm -r olddev
Connecting a UPS to a NetBSD system
Connecting one is trivial, but monitoring it such that the NetBSD can shut down
cleanly when the power is about to fail requires a little more:
Simon J. Gerraty has a page on using a APC Smart-UPS. If you are writing your own software to talk to the UPS you will probably need to set the softcar flag via tcsetattr(). Wolfgang Rupprecht has researched the field briefly:
There two different types of UPS interfaces, sometimes both are available on the same UPS. The 9-pin connector on the UPS is never a wired up as a normal PC-style rs-232. At best its a three-wire rs-232 interface, with the pins rearranged just to keep things interesting. At worst its a contact closure signal that is not even at the rs-232 signaling voltages and one must use a funny cable with level-translators in it to convert the voltages to something the rs-232 port can even see transitions on. The signal from the latter type of interface can only send out a one-bit (normal / powerfail) signal. It must be run into some modem-control line such as DCD and is then detected via a program that checks the status of that modem control line. Unless one is careful, it is possible to confuse the modem-control-line-only cables that come with some UPSs as a real rs-232 cable.
Poking around APC web page, and a few promising altavista hits revealed that they have 3 basic interfaces. Low end UPSs ("back UPS") have only the modem-control line type interface. The two high end lines ("Back UPS Pro", "Smart UPS") have both combination modem control line and 3-wire rs-232 signals available. In both cases one needs to use one of two special cables. The cable for the modem control line interface has transistors and diodes in it to do the level shifting (and power grabbing from some of the other wires). It's a real kludge, with the word UGLY coming to mind as the correct modifier. The second type of cable will get the UPS talking serially, but some of the 3-rd party docs indicated that the UPS will only talk if you send 2 stop bits. The protocols don't appear to be officially documented and the back-UPS pro and smart UPS appear to talk different serial line protocols. Only the back-UPS pro line appears to have any 3-rd party support, and many of the details of the protocol are only guessed at.
Competitors all seem to have similar offerings (modem control line only, and proprietary serial line protocols with special cables). In no case could I find someone with an openly documented standard.
After changing
/etc/motd something reset it to its original contents
If you delete the header of
/etc/motd, the startup process
will overwrite your
changes on boot. This can be disabled by setting
update_motd=NO in
/etc/rc.conf, in which
/etc/motd will not be touched at all, and you can change it at
Where to sell NetBSD related hardware?
For occasional items you can generally post to a given port's mailing list, and to email@example.com. If you would be willing to donate any hardware to assist in the development of NetBSD you should check the Hardware contributions page, or contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
Setting up a striped (ccd) drive
Disk striping can either be done with RAIDframe or ccd(4) in NetBSD. Here is how to use ccd(4):
- disklabel all disks:
create the partitions you want to concatenate, make sure there's an offset to the beginning (I think 16 sectors is more than enough - but I'm not sure). I don't know if the type matters, I've used "normal" 4.2BSD partitions.
- configure the ccd.
For performance tuning you will have to experiment a little to find the best interleave. 48 works fine for me with two disks. AFAIK with 16 and some other numbers it can happen that all inodes will be on the same disk, which should be avoided for performance reasons. IIRC I got some problems, if the number of sectors of an component is not a multiple of the interleave.
- disklabel the ccd as you would do with a normal harddisk
- newfs the ccd.
- mount it.
See the ccd(4) and ccdconfig(8) man pages for more information.
Utility for editing or creating console bitmap fonts?
Install the
sysutils/pcvt-utils package.
It provides fed and fontedit:
two font editors that can also be used on
the fonts in


text:
Park club players serve upset at provincials
In sports, there's nothing better than an underdog story and that was proved once again during this year's volleyball provincials, where the U16 Northern Alberta Volleyball Club (NAVC) Griffins team beat out a southern Alberta favourite.
Three Salisbury Composite High School students Derek Meldrum (setter), Kent Martens (outside left hitter), and Kendall Kropp (setter and team captain), along with NAVC head coach and Sal's seniors boys head coach, Mark Van Drunen, claimed the U16 provincial title against the Calgary Canuck at Spruce Grove's Tri Leisure Centre on May 5.
It came as a shock to many at the tournament due to fact that NAVC was ranked fifth overall and first in Pool B in the three premier tournaments leading up to provincials. The team would always rise to the top in Pool B, and then lose to Pool A fourth place team in the quarterfinals. Van Drunen outlined he could have written a book about the ups and downs of the season, calling it a true underdog tale.
"When it came to provincials, we peaked at the right time and on that Sunday, we overcame quite a bit," recalled Van Drunen. "Our boys really bought into what I preached all year and knocked off some teams that were winning at the other tournaments leading up to it… The boys are excited, to say the least. Tears were flying for sure. It was great to see. It was the first provincial banner for me as a coach. All of the pieces fell together, these boys haven't played together before this season and those Canuck boys have been playing together for years."
Both Red and Black Canucks teams from Calgary finished second and first place last year at provincials and consistently ranked the same throughout the tournaments this season leading up to provincials.
"It truly was an upset throughout all Sunday. We underachieved a little bit all year, but on Sunday, the boys truly showed that they deserved to win," the coach said.
NAVC beat Calgary in the final match, 25-23 and 25-23. Those close scores were indicative of how close the game was.
"Throughout the whole set, no team was really up by more than three points. It was back and forth the whole day. In those close games in previous tournaments, we would always be on the losing end, so I really encouraged and implemented in my practice plans how to put the ball away when it's set to you, who you're going to put the ball to as a setter. It finally showcased when it was 23-23, when the game was only decided by two points and we really performed in those situations," the coach stated.
Van Drunen outlined service pressure and where to serve were crucial to the team's success.
"It caused the opposite team not to be able to create any kind of offence through the middle and just sets to the outside."
The three Sal players each played a part in the banner win.
"For not setting before this season, the growth curve alone, Kendall just grew immensely in the last five months and he definitely showed that at provincials being the starting setter on the court and helped us win. Him and Derek have been battling for that starting setter role all year. What we needed from Derek was to come off from the bench to create a spark and a more balanced offence later in sets. He didn't start, but he definitely provided a lot, especially in the semi-final and final, he got in every set and made a difference. Kent ended up being a serving sub or passing sub in the back court, which he brought into during the semi-finals."
NAVC headed to nationals
Having lifted up the provincial banner for this season, NAVC punched their ticket for nationals, where they will be ranked No.1 nationally in Pool A.
"The mentality heading to nationals is a little bit tricky… Do we still go with that underdog mentality? I think it's good to walk in there with the confidence of knowing that we won provincials and we are the top dog going in, but we need to prove to everyone else that we deserve it. We proved that provincially, but everyone else is probably thinking we're just an upset team, so we need to say no we belong in this pool and to be No. 1 ranked."
The team headed to nationals in Toronto on May 12-14, with the results released past publication deadline.
"The expectation is to win. It would be different if we finished fourth or fifth, but the expectation is to get the national banner now," added Van Drunen.


text:
Denver Divers and Colorado Ocean Coalition are teaming up for a very special Blue Drinks, featuring everything Cuba!
60 Minutes showed us what to expect diving in Cuba. The 12-minute segment hosted by Anderson Cooper became a siren song for many divers.
Now meet the star of the segment, "Ocean Doctor", Dr. David Guggenheim!
Dr. Guggenheim has dedicated the last 13 years of his life to conservation efforts for coral reefs and turtles in and around Cuba. During his presentation at Denver Divers, Dr. Guggenheim will talk about research results from his partnership with the University of Havana. Of course he plans to answer all your questions regarding travel to Cuba and diving in the pristine waters surrounding the island.
If you have ever dreamed of diving or traveling to Cuba, but did not want to risk the illegal activity of traveling there without the government's permission, you do not want to miss this presentation. Denver Divers has partnered with the "Ocean Doctor " to sponsor a legal Educational Tour of Havana and Jardines de la Reina.
For more information on Dr. Guggenheim and his non-profit, Ocean Doctor, please visit https://oceandoctor.org/gardens
Special Cuban snacks and a Cuban "Blue Drink" will be provided.
Please do not forget to carpool, as parking in front of the shop fills up quickly.


text:
Chora (Samothrace) is located 5 km east of the port, built among hills so as to be protected from the winds and thief raids, which were very common during the last centuries. At one end of Chora you will see the Byzantine castle towering on a natural rocky hill. It was built during the 10th century and expanded in 1430 by Genoese conquerors from Gattilusi island. In 1456 Samothrace became part of the Ottoman empire. Its houses, are two-storied with tiled roofs (some of them preserve the old earthen roofs) are built in such a way that one provides shade to the other. In Chora you will also find a Folklore Museum housed in a renovated residence next to the church. The settlement was declared "traditional" in 1978 and is of great architectural interest.
The history of this island is lost in the depth of centuries. The first inhabitants of Samothrace were Pelasgians, but during the historic years Ionians and Aeolians lived together on the island. During the 7th century B.C., they built a series of towns on the facing shore, the "Samothriika teichea" (the walls of Samothrace) as named by Herodotus: Messimvria, Dri, Zoni, Sali, etc.
The island was a major religious center for the whole ancient world of the Mediterranean, thanks to the reputation of the Sanctuary of Great Gods and the mystical character of their worship. The Great Gods were also known as Kabeiroi and one can still see their sanctuary in the ancient town at "Paliapoli" at the northern part of the island and not far from Kamariotissa.
Visitgreece.gr is the official tourism web site for Greece, run by the Greek National Tourism Organisation, where you'll find information on the main tourist destinations, such as cities, beaches, as well as activities, events and much more!
All content included on this site consists intellectual property of GNTO and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or part of this work in any way.
For information please contact: email@example.com. All Rights Reserved. GNTO © 2020.


text:
Sonic the Hedgehog 3
|a game by
|Editor Rating:
|8.6/10, based on 5 reviews
|User Rating:
|7.9/10 - 70 votes
|Rate this game:
|See also:
|Sonic Games, 2D Platformer Games
Download Sonic the Hedgehog 3
System requirements:
- PC compatible
- Operating systems: Windows 10/Windows 8/Windows 7/2000/Vista/WinXP
- Game modes: Single game mode
Player controls:
- Up, Down, Left, Right - Arrow keys
- Start - Enter (Pause, Menu select, Skip intro, Inventory)
- "A" Gamepad button - Ctrl (usually Jump or Change weapon)
- "B" button - Space (Jump, Fire, Menu select)
- "C" button - Left Shift (Item select)
Use the F12 key to toggle mouse capture / release when using the mouse as a controller.
Game Reviews
Sonic 3 was a popular game when it came out for genesis you could play as sonic or tails or use them as a team and with sonic and knukles locked on you could also play as knukles this is the first game where you could use tails flying ability and with the the player 2 controls you could control tails if you were playing as sonic and tails and use taild to collect rings and destroy enimeseasly because he had infininte live and you could also use tails to lift sonic into the air! it is a great game overall and a must have for any sonic fan!
- Machine: Genesis;
- Manufacturer: Sega of America;
The Sonic warrior returns! Coming hot on the heels of the Sonic-fest - Sonic Chaos, Phantasy Star, and Sonic CD - Sonic's back again in Sega's sequel Sonic the Hedgehog 3.
And what a sequel! Dr. Robotnik is still alive (big surprise)! Having crash-landed his Death Egg ship on mysterious Floating Island, Robotnik plans to use the power of the Chaos Emeralds to repair it. And who can he get to help him in this wilderness? Why, Knuckles. He's Robotnik's latest henchman, and he's a red I-roll-up-in-a-ball-too echidna.
The only living descendant of a lost civilization (a civilization of echidnas, presumably), Knuckles has been duped into believing that Sonic and Tails are his enemies. It doesn't take long for him to steal the emeralds, and now Sonic must get them back before Robotnik can launch his Death Egg!
Each of Sonic 3's six new zones are three times as big as In Sonic 2, which many criticized for its... how shall we say - brevity. Sonic 3 is packed with new enemies to battle and new items for Sonic (and Tails) to use. The graphics are a knockout, and nearly all the character animation was painstakingly rendered using 3-D models instead of flat cartoons, making it smooth, smooth, smooth. Watch Sonic tumble and spin!
In short, Sonic 3 is the best Sonic yet! All hail the Hedgehog King!
- Manufacturer: Sega
- Machine: Genesis
Sequels can be deadly, but a few classic characters can successfully return to video games again and again. Until now, Mega Man and Mario have been the kings of the replay pile, but the popular 'hog's making a bid to wallow at the top with this excellent addition to his collection of adventures.
Here's the Story...
Okay, so the story line never changes much, but think of it as part of a saga. Sonic and Tails destroyed the Death Egg ship at the end of Sonic 2... or so they thought. It seems the scrambled vessel crashlanded on the Floating Island, which is powered by Chaos Emeralds. The Emeralds are guarded If a new character in the saga, Knuckles, an engaging echidna (a "spiny-coated toothless burrowing nocturnal mammal," according Webster's dictionary) -- Robotnik Cons Knuckles into believing that Sonic and Tails are trying to steal the Emeralds. Bet you can guess what happens next!
- To defeat the boss at the end of the first Marble Garden Act, dodge the spikes he drops and then simply bonk him.
- Stand on the blue tops in the Marble Garden Zone, and Spin Dash. They'll soar through the air and take you to otherwise unreachable spots.
- Don't forget to breathe when you're underwater.
At first glance, Sonic 3's game play is identical to the prior Sonic sagas. A closer look, though, shows some very def additions and improvements to the formula. The six Zones on the Floating Island are new. Each Zone has two huge Acts, and Sonic battles Robotnik at the end of almost every Act. There are loads of secret rooms and other surprises throughout each Act. The Acts have multiple pathways, but they are more linpear than those in the first games.
If Sonic finishes any Act with 50 or more Rings, he enters the Bonus Stage, where a giant gumball machine coughs up power-ups.
- At the beginning of Act 2 in HydroCity, an advancing wall threatens to crush Sonic. As you leap to each new platform, turn right, Spin Dash, and leap to the next platform to the right If your timing's quick, you can escape.
- After you skid across the water in the second HydroCity Act, leap up and to the left to discover a 1-up just past the spikes.
Special Stages are Sonic's forte, and he's upped the ante with two delightfully original kinds. When Sonic locates a giant gold Ring, he zaps to the Special Stage, where he has to race to transform blue spheres into gold Rings. If he collects all the spheres, he gets one of the Chaos Emeralds. If you snag all the Emeralds, you see the game's real ending.
- Jump up and down on these platforms in the Carnival Night Zone to make them go up in the air.
- The balloons in the Carnival Night Zone are often the only way that Sonic can reach higher spots. Leap on them as if they were stepping stones.
- In the Carnival Night Zone, launch Sonic to new heights with the Cannons. The Cannon automatically rocks back and forth. Wait 'til it's pointed in the right direction, then tap any button to launch Sonic.
- Don't forget to use Tails to air-lift Sonic to hard-to-reach spots.
Sonic Boom
Sonic's as fast as ever and even faster in some areas of the game. He has his usual repertoire of moves and a new move called the Insta-Shield. If you quickly tap any button twice, Sonic gets a few seconds of Shield protection. Tails can fly or swim for a limited time, and, when you're playing as Sonic, Tails can grab Sonic and airlift him away. The airlift is a little tricky, but the rest of Sonic's moves are simple, and the precise controls make him easy to maneuver.
- There's a button hidden under the first rock you reach in Act 1 of Angel Island. Break it, ricochet to another button and then up to the left to a secret ledge that holds several power-ups.
Look for the familiar power-up Monitors, but also look for new contraptions. There are now three shields. The Fireball Shield protects Sonic from fire attacks and gives him a Fireball Spin Dash attack. The Water Shield enables Sonic to breathe underwater and to bounce like a ball. The Lightning Shield attracts Rings like a magnet, protects him from electric attacks, and enables him to double-jump in mid-air. The shields add a new strategy element to the game play. Also, beware of the Robotnik power-up. Robotnik's face is on it, and if you grab it you'll take damage.
In the second Act of the Marble Garden Zone, an earthquake hits. Speed through this area before you're trapped by falling pillars.
Solo Flight
If you're playing solo, you can take on Robotnik as either Sonic or Tails. Tails' ability to fly gives the game different twist when you play as him. Either way, the other character tags along. Remember that Controller Two can be used to maneuver the other character.
The Two-Player mode's new face-lift ups the fun factor and saves your eyesight, too. The split screen has been enlarged to full-screen size, making it a beck of a lot easier to track your racer. Each of this mode's five Zones is unique, and you can play three ways. Practice in the Time Attack mode, then take on another player for the best time in a Match Race in a one-zone contest. Or, duke it out in all five Zones in the Grand Prix mode. Two-Player still isn't as fun as the main game, but it's much improved over Sonic 2.
Hedge Your Bets
Sonic 3 looks as good as it plays. The new Zones have gorgeous background detail and lots of visual treats. It's still impressive to watch Sonic hit top speeds, especially on new obstacles like HydroCity's curving pipes and waterslides. Sonic himself is a slightly larger sprite, with a more well- rounded 3D look. Robotnik's creations are always entertaining to look at -- and Sonic 3's contraptions are no exception.
The tunes are similar to those in the other Sonic sagas. Each Act has a theme song that's catchy... until you've heard it a hundred times. The sound effects are the familiar bounce and being noises.
Challenge-wise, Sonic's a mixed bag. Beginners can zip through the game and beat the bosses easily, but they'll probably miss out on most of the secrets. Advanced gamers can search for hidden areas, try to snag all the Chaos Emeralds, and discover the real ending. There's enough here to satisfy a range of players.
Who's Hogging the Genesis?
Okay, so maybe you're secretly wishing that hedgehogs were extinct. But when you've got a good thing going, there's no reason to give up on it. Sega's taken that motto to heart, and as long as they enhance every Sonic sequel to make it a winner, there's no reason to stop. This 'hog's gonna take the blue ribbon at the state fair... and probably in this year's game sweepstakes, as well.
Sonic the Hedgehog 3, often called Sonic 3, is a platform game developed by Sega and is following Sonic 1 and Sonic 2. The game was developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega, being released in 1994, two years after the second game. Sonic 3 is a sequel as well, the gamers being able to continue the story from the first two games.
The game can be played at single and multi-player levels. As a default configuration, Sonic is controlled by the user and Tails by the AI in the team levels. Another player can control Tails by using a controller plugged into the second available port. In order to complete the game, seven Chaos Emeralds have to be collected from the special stages.
The story begins after Dr. Robotnik's spaceship was knocked out of its orbit. Sonic is crash-landing on a floating island where he encounters a new character, called Knuckles of the Echindas, and has to retrieve the Chaos Emeralds again. However, this time Sonic has to fight against Dr. Robotnik as well, because he is still seeking to relaunch the Death Egg warship.
Knuckles is the last surviving member of an old civilization of Echidnas and is also the guardian of the Master Emerald. The Emerald grants the island its floating powers. Robotnik manages to convince Knuckles Sonic and Tails are trying to steal the Emerald. Therefore Sonic and Tails have to encounter Knuckles in almost every level throughout the game.
By the end of the game Sonic and Tails defeat Robotnik and, thanks to the launch of the Death Egg, Knuckles is knocked off the top of its pole and is smashed to the ground. Sonic and Tails defeat then Robotnik for the last time, and the warship is finally seen falling and exploding. The story continues in Sonic & Knuckles, the third sequel of the story.
The game was released in the United States on February 2, 1994 and in Europe 22 days later, on February 24. Though the game was received very well by the audience, it was not such a big hit as Sonic 2. The sales dramatically decreased from 6.3 million to less than 2 million, meaning the game's peak was in the first sequel, Sonic 2.
The game has been released and re-released lots of times. In 1997 Sega Saturn released Sonic Jam. Five years later the game was launched for GameCube, while in 2004 it was made available for PlayStation2, Xbox and PC (Microsoft Windows). The game was released for Wii in 2007 and it also appears in Sonic's Ultimate Genesis Collection for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. The game was launched for Xbox Live Arcade in 2009 and Nintendo DS in March 2010.
Snapshots and Media
Sega Genesis/Mega Drive Screenshots
Sonic Games
Similar Games
Discuss it on forum
Justin Garcia CoolDuelist said on Forum:
I am still speechless, All can say is that now you can save and you have to fight against both Knuckles and Dr.Robotnik (Now named Dr. Eggman). Knuckles is mad at you because he thinks you took the Master Emerald and Dr. Eggman was the one who really took it. Through out the game try to beat all the Special stages to get the chaos emeralds, when get all of them and beat Dr. Eggman, You get the best ending, if not, Eggman laughs at you because he still has everything including the Master Emerald. This Game is Highly Recommended by me, JGCD!


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- Income Investing
No Respite For Mortgage REITs, Which Fall Further Amid Global Selloff
- Order Reprints
- Print Article
The mortgage market isn't getting any help early Thursday as a global stock selloff spreads to the U.S., further undermining mortgage real-estate investment trusts. Mortgage REITs (as well as agency mortgage bonds) had already been undercut on Wednesday as markets interpreted new Federal Reserve communications to mean he Fed might soon start slowing its mortgage-bond purchases.
Looking at some of the sector's big names less than an hour after Thursday's opening bell, American Capital Agency Corp. (AGNC) down 1.73% to $27.80. Annaly Capital Management (NLY) is down 0.96% to $14.38. MFA Financial (MFA) is down 1.54% to $8.98, and Two Harbors Investment (TWO) is down 1.89% to $11.41. The iShares FTSE NAREIT Mortgage PLUS Capped Index Fund (REM) is down 1.44% to $14.35.
Amid all of this, Treasury bonds are holding fairly steady Thursday, with the 10-year note yielding 2.01% at last check, per Tradeweb data, nearly unchanged on the day so far.


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USGebWeb.org contains links to all 50 states, with transcriptions of all kinds of records. This is a wonderful site to search for your ancestors in the United States or become a volunteer to obtain and post research for others.
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Disclosure of Material Connection: I have not received any compensation for writing this post from USGenWeb.org. I am disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission's 16 CFR, Part 255: "Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising."


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Modified Mustangs & FordsFeatured Vehicles
1965 Ford Fairlane - High-Performance Model
An Avid Model Car Builder, Tim Manes Rounded Out His Collection This Time With a Genuine High-Performance Model
Tim Manes of Orlando, Florida, is a counter man and sales manager of a high-performance speed shop in Orlando called Horsepower Sales. Tim's talent and years of experience make him a trusted advisor to his customers, a fact that is underscored when you get a look at his big, bad, pro street Ford Fairlane Sport Coupe.
Creating his high-performance dream ride is a story in and of itself. The adventure begins around 1977 when, at age 13, Tim saw his first '65 Ford Fairlane. Obviously, the sighting made a strong impression since he's owned five of them over the years! Building a model car started the process, with Tim using it to learn about wheel combinations, body modifications, and more. Tim jokes that the model has been through at least ten different configurations and it's still not done but, as you can see, the fullsize car is...well, mostly.
Tim found this '65 Fairlane Sport Coupe by chance when he heard it was heading to the crusher. The car had been given to a high school shop class, but it was too far gone for the students to repair. Tim donated $600 to the school, brought the car home, and began a rebuild that took nine years to complete. How do you finance the car of your dreams? In addition to his many other talents, Tim is an avid model car builder. He decided to lighten his 5,000-car collection by almost 500 cars, selling them on eBay and raising more than $25,000, enough to get the project started.
With virtually no parts available from the aftermarket, the Fairlane was an immediate challenge, requiring Tim to sharpen his fabrication skills. He disassembled the car and turned the body over to his friend, Dave Bergman, for some major restoration work. While Bergman was repairing the vintage sheetmetal, Dave Curtis and Nathan Cox from Ultimate Motorsports in Ocoee, Florida, began fabricating a new tubular frame, designed around an Art Morrison 2x3 chassis package. Along the way, they incorporated a 16-point rollcage, anticipating that the car would run in the mid 8s in the quarter-mile.
Handling and traction were addressed early, beginning with a Mustang II front suspension with Heidts 2-inch drop spindles and a Fox-body manual steering rack. The full-spool Ford 9-inch rear with 3.89 gears was narrowed to 31 inches hub-to-hub and is held in place by an Art Morrison four-link. All four corners use adjustable QA1 coilover shocks, along with Wilwood 11-inch cross-drilled and slotted disc brakes to ensure the mighty Fairlane can quickly scrub off excess speed. Larry Nadeau of Nadeau Racing (Sanford, Florida) completed the metal work, creating the new front end.
The original plan for the motor was to employ a 390 FE V-8 out of a '63 Mercury that Tim's grandparents owned, but a connection with a friend turned up a second alternative; a blown 429 that was too good to pass up.
The powerplant begins with all forged internals and now sports 468 cubic inches. Breathing for the powerhouse V-8 begins with 1970s vintage Super Cobra Jet R steel heads that have been ported, polished, and fitted with Ferrea valves. The GMC big-case 6-71 blower poking through the hood coincidently has the same date as the car, with both made in August 1965. It sits on a BDS intake, clearing the distributor thanks to a Hampton spacer that raises it 2 inches.
The supercharger pressurizes fuel from the pair of 850-cfm Bo Laws Performance four-barrel carbs, ensuring optimum air/fuel delivery with one throat per cylinder. The carbs are set up without any progressive linkage, operating 1:1. Exploding the air/fuel mix is an MSD crank trigger ignition, coil, and spark amplifier. Cool touches include the unique valve covers with Mercury logos done by Innovators West and the crank case evacuation system that uses an Iron City beer bottle for the overflow tank. The potent package sends an estimated 1,000 hp to the Maverick-Performance-modified C6 automatic transmission.
Photo GalleryView Photo Gallery
With the chassis and powertrain capable of winning trophies in their own right, the body was next. All the patch panels on the car were hand-fabricated, thanks to the talents of body man, Dave Bergman. Bill Woods from Holopaw, Florida, sprayed the unique Mercedes Black Opal Mica paintjob. The final theme for the car originated as a result of friends asking Tim when "that big bad Fairlane" was going to be done. The "Big & Bad" theme morphed into the Big Bad Wolf, with the BIGBAD1 license plate, the side mirror that says "Who's Afraid?" and the Wolf mural on the back saying "I'll Huff and Puff and Blow Your Doors Off!" Tim adds a little more fun by displaying the car at shows with a Three Little Pigs storybook on the dash.
Finishing touches to the interior were handled by Dale's Custom Auto in Orlando, Florida, where the staff reupholstered the Corbeau GTS seats in a combination of tan and gray leather. Matching carpet, headliner, door panels, and padding for the all-encompassing rollcage gives this race car a custom look. The Fairlane dash was fitted with an Auto Meter Cobalt gauge cluster and surprisingly, Tim found room for one more form of entertainment (when the ignition is switched off!); a Dual touchscreen head unit, with 7.5-inch monitor, CD, DVD, and MP3 player is an unexpected addition that controls the trunk-mounted, 1,200-watt Rockford Fosgate amplifier, front and rear Infinity speakers, and a pair of Alpine subs mounted in custom rear enclosures. Alex "The Stereo Guy" in Orlando handled the electronics.
Now that it's done, how quick is the completed car? Tim hopes to get it on the 'strip soon just to get a timeslip, but the car was always intended to be a street-driven show car rather than a track performer. Although Tim was in on every phase of the project, there are dozens of friends who assisted throughout the nine-year build. While we don't have room to list them all, each gets a sincere "thanks" from a very appreciative owner. Built from lots of new and used parts, the Big Bad Fairlane spent lots of time at Unique Auto Salvage, the all-Ford salvage yard owned by Tim's good friends, Don and DJ Chion in Orlando. It was the source of lots of hard-to-find parts on the car.
The Details
Tim Manes' '65 Ford Fairlane 500 Sport Coupe
'70 429 Super Cobra Jet bored to 468 ci
Eagle forged steel 460 crank
Forged steel H-Beam connecting rods
Probe forged aluminum pistons
GMC big case 6-71 supercharger
BDS intake manifold
Dual 850-cfm Bo Laws Performance four-barrel carbs
Ported and polished Super Cobra Jet R steel heads
Lunati solid roller camshaft
Comp Cams solid lifters
Crane Gold Race 1.72:1 roller rocker arms
MSD crank trigger ignition
8:1 compression ratio
Maverick Performance-modified C6 automatic with transbrake
3,800-rpm stall converter
B&M Street Bandit shifter
Ford 9-Inch, narrowed to 31 inches hub-to-hub
3.89 gears
Hooker headers with 2-inch primary tubes and 3.5-inch collectors
Direct Natural Airflow (DNA) mufflers from Canada
Front: Mustang II, Heidts 2-inch drop spindles, QA1 coilovers,
Fox-body manual steering rack
Rear: Art Morrison four-link, QA1 coilovers
Modified Art Morrison tube chassis
Front: Aerospace Components disc, four-piston calipers, 11-inch cross-drilled and slotted rotors
Rear: Aerospace Components disc, four-piston calipers, 11-inch cross-drilled and slotted rotors
Front: Holeshot Hole Star, 3.5x15
Rear: Holeshot Hole Star, 15x15
Front: Mickey Thompson Sportsman, 26x7.5-15
Rear: Mickey Thompson Sportsman Pro, 31x18.5-15LT
Tan and gray leather Corbeau GTS seats; matching tan carpet, headliner, and door panels; padded 16-point rollcage; Auto Meter Cobalt gauges; dual touchscreen CD/DVD/MP3 head unit; trunk-mounted 1,200-watt Rockford Fosgate amplifier; Infinity mids and highs, Alpine subs
Cowl induction hood with flush fasteners, Mercedes Black Opal Mica paintjob, Big Bad Wolf theme and trunk mural, "Who's Afraid?" side mirror, parachute


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wave sock - teal
Add extra sparkle with our favourite Badelaine socks. Made in France and available in limited edition here in Australia these socks are made from a cotton and Polyester mix for the ultimate spangled ankle.
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If you are in any way unhappy with your goods ordered from our web store you may send them back for an exchange, credit note or refund within 14 days for Full Price items, and within 7 days for Sale items. Return shipping within Australia is Free of charge. All items must be unused and in original condition with original packaging. Please note all footwear must have original, undamaged shoeboxes with no sole markings or scratches.
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Organic Red Clover Tea Health Benefits
Red clover tea is an infusion made from red clover blossoms. The tea is a rich source of isoflavanones as well as other soluble chemicals, which have estrogen-like behaviour. Red clover tea also contains various essential minerals and vitamins including vitamin C, thiamine, potassium, niacin, magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium. Due to its richness mineral and vitamin content, red clover tea confers various health benefits to its drinkers. The health benefits of drinking red clover tea are as follows.
Reduction of Hot Flashes and Osteoporosis
Research on extracts of red clover isoflavanones has revealed that the tea can reduce hot flashes in menopausal women. The estrogen-like action of red clover tea isoflavanones can also help in the prevention of the breakdown of bone structures and even improve the density of the bones in peri- and pre-menopausal women. The prevention of bone breakdown and improvement of bone density is important in preventing the osteoporosis whose likelihood of occurring increases in women under menopause. More info on benefits of red clover tea to menopausal women.
Prevention of Heart Diseases
Red clover tea also reduces the chances of getting cardiovascular diseases by lowering the levels of bad cholesterol, which is responsible for cardiovascular diseases. The tea also promotes increased bile acid secretion, which helps in reducing the cholesterol that circulates in the blood because it is eliminated by bile secretion. Also, red clover tea contains the compound coumarin, which is a thinner that helps thin the blood for better flow.
Relaxation and Sleep
Red clover tea is also an effective nervine and sedative, which can help break cycles of lack of sleep and stress. Red clover helps in relaxing muscles, which promotes a feeling of relaxation that reduces tension and stress. The tea also provides magnesium and calcium minerals that are necessary for the better health of the nervous system. The tea acts as a nerve tonic that helps in calming the activities within the nervous system and thus lowering anxiety, nervousness and tension that may negatively affect sleep patterns. The combined nervine and sedative effects promote relaxation that facilitates better sleep. Read more on the red clover tea effects to sleep.
Fertility Improvement
Red clover tea purifies blood by eliminating toxins, and it also improves blood circulation, which makes it a perfect preparation for pregnancy. Better circulation of blood to the sex organs is necessary for positive reproductive function. Also, the tea improves liver function, which is essential in improving hormonal balance, which is important in facilitating conception. Find out more about red clover tea and fertility.
How to Prepare Red Clover Tea
To enjoy the health benefits of red clover, one can use dried blossoms or fresh blossoms picked from the plant. Freshly picked blossoms are put into a teapot and water that has not reached the boiling point is added to the pot and left to steep for about ten minutes before it is ready to drink. Dried blossoms could also be used, and these are made by picking fresh blossoms, which are later dried between pieces of paper towels in a dry and warm environment. Making red clover tea from dried red clover blossoms requires a tea leaf strainer that is lowered into the boiling water with the blossoms for bout ten minutes before being strained. To improve the flavor of homemade red clover tree one could also add dried mint and honey.
Check this Red Clover Tea Recipe
The post The Herbal Magic of Red Clover Tea appeared first on Bilberry Tea.


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Based in Cardiff, we take a clear, organised approach to delivering professional results for your business' requirements. Whether you're after websites, custom software, large scale IT installations or just consultancy, Prism Technology has the solutions you're after.
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Prism Technology gets to know and understand your business. We take what make your business great and produce a design that fully reflects it.
For Company presence sites our Content Managed Solution provide a cost effective solution which can choose to manage and update yourself without the need to know anything about website programming.
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You can see examples of the work we have done for others in our portfolio
We are experts in SEO and can provide you with a site that is designed to work well with all of the major search engines. We offer ongoing advice and support to help you get to the highest rankings. If you have an existing site that your would like to have its ranking improved, we would be happy to offer advice, make necessary changes and launch targeted campaigns on your behalf.


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Mennonite-Owned Wood Manufacturer Sues Over Contraception Mandate
'Forcing Americans to surrender long-standing, deeply-held principles in order to own and run a business is not merely troubling but unnecessary and unconstitutional,' the company's president says.
WASHINGTON — Three Mennonite Christians who own a wood manufacturing company in Pennsylvania have filed a lawsuit challenging the federal contraception mandate for threatening their right to religious freedom.
"Being told that we must provide a health plan that includes a provision that violates the Christian beliefs of our family and the Christian values that our company was founded on is deeply troubling," said Anthony Hahn, president and CEO of Conestoga Wood Specialties Corporation.
"Forcing Americans to surrender long-standing, deeply-held principles in order to own and run a business is not merely troubling but unnecessary and unconstitutional," he added.
Hahn is challenging a federal regulation that requires employers to offer health insurance plans that cover contraception, sterilization and abortion-inducing drugs. Conestoga would be required to comply with the mandate when its insurance plan renews on Jan. 1, 2013.
Dozens of lawsuits have been filed against the mandate by religious employers who argue that it forces them to violate their sincerely held beliefs. The federal government has argued that businesses that are deemed "secular" do not have the constitutional right to freedom of religion.
On Dec. 4, attorneys with Independence Law Center filed a legal challenge in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania on behalf of Conestoga's founder Norman Hahn, and his sons Norman Lemar Hahn and Anthony Hahn, who manage the company.
A family business with some 950 full-time employees throughout the U.S., Conestoga is a manufacturer of wood cabinets, doors and other specialty products.
The Hahns have always sought to "operate Conestoga in a manner that reflects their sincerely held religious beliefs" as Mennonite Christians, the lawsuit says, noting that the company's mission statement includes a commitment to "the highest ethical, moral, and Christian principles."
The family believes "that their Mennonite faith prohibits them from separating their religious beliefs from their daily business practice," the suit stresses.
Given their conviction that "God requires respect for the sanctity of human life," the Hahns believe "it would be sinful and immoral for them to intentionally participate in, pay for, facilitate, or otherwise support any contraception with an abortifacient effect," the legal challenge says.
The Hahns currently provide health insurance that does not include drugs such as Plan B and ella, which can kill a newly conceived human embryo. Coverage of these drugs is required under the mandate.
The family is now asking the court for an injunction to block the enforcement of the mandate. Several other for-profit businesses have secured initial injunctions in similar lawsuits while their cases progress through the court system.
The Independence Law Center noted that Mennonites have faced a long history of religious discrimination and persecution, and many of them were attracted by the promise of religious freedom to settle in Pennsylvania in the early 1700s.
"People of faith should not be punished for making decisions according to the deepest convictions of that faith," said attorney Charles W. Proctor III in a statement announcing the lawsuit.
"Americans should be free to honor God in the way they see fit whether at work or at home or at church," added attorney Randall Wenger. "To ask us to do otherwise would show extreme disrespect to our freedom of conscience."


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What if the LGBTQ movement fought for prison abolition rather than same-sex marriage?
By Isabelle Nastasia
How did the movement get here? What if lesbians oppose war? What if gay men don't want to expand the prison system? What if marriage doesn't address poverty? These are some of the questions raised by the Against Equality collective in its new book Queer Revolution, Not Mere Inclusion published this year by AK Press.
The Against Equality collective is an archival project created by five queer and trans activists and writers. First and foremost, their new book is an anthology of critiques of the issues that have come to define gay and lesbian politics over the past 20 years. But it also proposes alternative paths for the movement, putting forth both prison abolition and transformative justice as distinctly queer political projects.
Isabelle Nastasia recently sat down with Ryan Conrad, co-founder of the Against Equality collective, in the East Village to discuss the book and the politics behind his own work. (more…)


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phpList is software for sending email newsletters, marketing campaigns and announcements: you can send to millions or just to a few hundred….
What can phpList do for you? phpList is economical, successful, flexible, feature rich and secure.
Take a peek at phpList live in (almost) action. Please don't upload any personal data!
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text: I have a list of divs that contain various pieces of data (name, type, date, etc). I want to offer the user the ability to sort this list by a list of possible properties (the name, type, date, etc.). What are some methods for this? Would a simple dropdown at the top be enough? I am trying to convert this from a table where the user simply had to sort by a column, but really the type of information is less appropriate for a table and more appropriate for a listing. If you need a visual example, think of the twitter stream. How would I want to offer the user the ability to sort that information by the person (only an example)?


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All News Releases By Date
Environmental Policing Nets Gains for West Virginia Worth $1.9 Billion
Release Date: 12/04/2008
Contact Information: Bonnie Smith, 215-814-5543, email@example.com
PHILADELPHIA - - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency concluded enforcement cases in fiscal year 2008 that will produce more than $1.9 billion in pollution controls and environmental cleanup protecting West Virginia's air, water, and land. The cases include nearly $20 million in penalties that polluters will have to pay for violating federal environmental laws. The majority of these outcomes result from EPA's multi-state settlement with Massey Energy Company which includes both Virginia and West Virginia.
"West Virginia residents will benefit from cuts in pollution and from improvements in the way pollution is managed by these companies and industrial facilities that are now complying with the law," said Donald S. Welsh, EPA's mid-Atlantic regional administrator. "The millions of dollars these companies will have to spend in West Virginia as a result of our environmental policing will also produce health benefits for the public."
The agency also negotiated agreements with specific violators to spend $302,065 on local environmental projects helping communities.
EPA's mid-Atlantic enforcement program inspected and took action for violations associated with eight different environmental statutes in West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Delaware and the District of Columbia. The regional cases ranged from wetlands violations to mismanagement of hazardous waste to illegal discharges of pollutants. Several cases were significant because of their trailblazing efforts including: an agreement to spend
$1 million on a wind-powered energy project in addition to a penalty payment, Maryland's decision to step forward and voluntarily sign a self-policing agreement with EPA; and major sewage system upgrades in Pittsburgh and 82 surrounding municipalities to protect local waterways.
To read more about enforcement results in EPA's mid-Atlantic region see our website at https://www.epa.gov/region03/enforcement/accomplishments08.html.
The report, U.S. EPA OECA Fiscal Year 2008 Accomplishments Report: Protecting Public Health and the Environment, is available on-line at: https://www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/reports/accomplishments/oeca/fy08accomplishment.pdf
More information on EPA fiscal year 2008 enforcement and compliance results:
Search this collection of releases | or search all news releases
View selected historical press releases from 1970 to 1998 in the EPA History website.


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Jay Timmons is president and CEO of the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), the largest manufacturing association in the United States representing small and large manufacturers in every industrial sector. He became NAM president in January 2011.
Mr. Timmons is a leading advocate for the nearly 12 million men and women who make things in America, educating the public and policymakers on issues that affect this critical sector of the U.S. economy. He promotes a broad-based agenda to strengthen U.S. competitiveness and bring about a manufacturing renaissance.
He is driven by the principles instilled in him by his roots in the manufacturing town of Chillicothe, Ohio, where his grandfather worked at a Mead plant for nearly four decades and where he witnessed manufacturing's ability to raise the quality of life for families and communities. Mr. Timmons' knowledge and expertise is valued and respected by influential policymakers on both sides of the aisle in Congress and the Administration. He knows how to navigate the complexities of the policymaking process in the nation's capital and brings with him an exceptional understanding of manufacturing issues.
Prior to his appointment as NAM president, Mr. Timmons was executive vice president beginning in 2008. In 2005, he joined the NAM as senior vice president of policy and government relations. His previous experience includes serving as chief of staff to Congressman, Governor and Senator George Allen (R-VA) from 1991 to 2002, and a term as executive director of the National Republican Senatorial Committee during the 2004 election cycle. When he first came to Washington in the 1980s, he served as press secretary to Congressman Jim Martin (R-NC) and later Alex McMillan (R-NC).
A passionate advocate for the adoption of companion animals, Mr. Timmons is a member of the Washington Humane Society Board of Directors and served as its chairman from 2006 to 2010. He is also a member of the Business Industry Political Action Committee (BIPAC) Executive Committee and the Board of Directors of Local Finance Solutions, Inc. He attended The Ohio State University and resides in McLean, Va.
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This product is out of stock and might not be available again.
contact us for more info.
The Chris King R45 Rear road hub is an all-new hub design with lower flanges than we've seen in the past, plus 17mm axles, titanium 45-tooth freehub engagement rings, and of course, the same legendary Chris King user-serviceable sealed bearings you've come to know and love. Low-friction bearing seals. King 5-year warranty. Compatible with standard QR skewers.
Special Note: Due to the nature of anodization processing, slight variances in color may occur.
Cassette Body: 11 speed w/ 10s spacer
Hub Spacing: 130mm
Spoke Drilling: 28 or 32 hole
Weight: 224 g.
Skewer Not Included