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One rock would then kill two birds.
Town Square
Palo Alto fiber vote, Eruv. Hmm -- an Idea.
Original post made by Palo Parent, Greenmeadow, on Jun 19, 2007
One rock would then kill two birds.
Comments (10)
a resident of Midtown
on Jun 20, 2007 at 1:35 am
Marvelous idea. I suggest we call it the e-ruv. If we can get the holy fibers to sequester some carbon, we can put the new $181K environmental coordinator in the charge of the project and we're up to a quartet of birds. This RFP just writes itself...
a resident of Southgate
on Jun 20, 2007 at 7:24 am
And, since it's unique and involves religion, Palo Alto should be able to get a generous grant from the Office of Faith Based Whatevers in the Bush Administration.
editor emeritus
on Jun 20, 2007 at 8:31 am
Jay Thorwaldson is a registered user.
Well, here we go again, it seems. By way of some background, here's the Weekly's editorial from 2000 at the close of the last eruv saga. Check the end if you like nutty ideas:
Publication Date: Wednesday Aug 2, 2000
Editorial: Eruv proponents blindsided with painted-line scheme
Subhead: Council committee "approval" amounts to a rejection of eruv, reflecting the city staff's increasing frustration with the time invested in a perceived no-win idea
Just when it appeared that nothing more could possibly be said about a more than year-old proposal to add twine to two dozen locations around Palo Alto, the city staff and a City Council committee have added new fuel to the controversy over creation over the city becoming one of about 100 communities around the country with an eruv.
In an action that startled and angered the Orthodox Jewish community that has been pushing for the eruv, the Council's Policy and Procedures Committee voted 2-1 last week for a so-called compromise involving painting lines on utility poles to "represent" a continuous enclosure.
But what might have seemed like a nice way out of a messy political situation is destined to backfire, since the recommendation doesn't satisfy the requirements of an eruv and therefore accomplishes nothing. Perhaps there is still a way for a further amendment to make the eruv effective, but the staff and committee's refusal to allow any attachments to the utility poles seem to doom the concept.
The community is tiring of this debate, and of the hostility it has created among those believing that permitting some twine to be attached to some utility poles is a harmless action that demonstrates tolerance and diversity and those who believe strongly that it crosses the line between church and state.
When we first editorialized in support of creating the eruv one year ago, we commented on the extraordinary outpouring of opinions, both for and against. We said it was an opportunity for the community to demostrate our diversity without any hardship, burden or obligation on the members of any other religious group.
Now, a year later, it is as much an outrage that this issue remains unresolved as it is that we now offer the Orthodox Jewish community an alternative that accomplishes nothing -- and which the city staff and committee members knew in advance would not work.
The eruv proposal should have been voted up or down months ago. It now symbolizes exactly what new City Manager Frank Benest wants to put an end to: issues that aren't priorities that sap energy and emotion, create wounds and drag on and on.
But the fact that the eruv proposal should have long ago been decided by the City Council doesn't mean that it should now be killed by the proposal of a clever, yet unworkable, alternative. We accept that members of the city staff and City Council would prefer that this issue simply go away, but the community members who have so passionately debated it for so long deserve to see their political leaders vote on the eruv as proposed.
We continue to believe the eruv is a harmless and positive idea and support its creation. But it is far more important to make a decision and move on.
Here's one possible solution: In the late 1960s, when the council was approving a utilities-undergrounding project that would bury telephone and power lines, the late Stan Norton -- on the council at the time -- expressed concern about what would happen to squirrels that use the phone lines to get from tree to tree.
Norton proposed, in a tongue-in-cheek memo to colleagues, that the city create a "Squirrelways" system of ropes between trees so the squirrels could get around without fear of ground-level cars, cats, dogs and kids.
Well, the squirrel-hazard problem still exists, and a line of ropes around the city might just do double duty as an eruv without raising the pesky church/state question.
This plan isn't any nuttier than the "solution that isn't" recommendation of the council committee.
a resident of Charleston Gardens
on Jun 20, 2007 at 9:09 am
Thanks, Jay, for re-printing the editorial from back then. It is to the eternal shame of the City Council at that time that they did not have the guts to actually vote on the issue. Of course not much has change here in PA--the city council still refuses to address controversial issues in a timely manner--either hoping they will just go away or else focusing energy on pipe dreams (i.e. climate change).
a resident of Another Palo Alto neighborhood
on Jun 20, 2007 at 9:23 am
Pesky issues never go away - they just get buried in the sand and all of a sudden when you least expect it, raise their heads and the argument starts all over.
a resident of Midtown
on Jun 25, 2007 at 8:38 am
If we can have an Eruv then perhaps we need a big statue of the Buddha downtown. How about a giant crucifix towering over University Avenue? A city sponsored mosque perhaps? Why is it that one group always seems to demand special treatment while preventing others the same? How is this fair? I truly wouldn't mind the Eruv if other religions, groups and practices were given equal treatment. Sadly, and this is the source of so much strife, they are not.
a resident of Another Palo Alto neighborhood
on Jun 25, 2007 at 9:36 am
In other countries, statues of religious nature, are considered beautiful pieces of art, landmarks and tourist attractions. To many of the residents and visitors they do not even think of them as religious, just beautiful. In Palo Alto, we cannot put up anything with a religious connotation and enjoy it for any reason. Instead, we have ugly pieces of nonsense that are called art e.g. the egg at Lytton Plaza, the ugly whatever outside City Hall, the strange car on legs in the park beside Alma, etc. etc. Come to think of it, what happened to the large people sitting on a bench on Embarcadero that was constantly vandalized? That was at least whimisical.
a resident of Duveneck/St. Francis
on Jun 25, 2007 at 3:24 pm
When is somebody going to compare and contrast the current City Attorney's opinion on the eruv with the opinion of former City Attorney Ariel Calonne on the same subject?
Or is my comment going to be deleted from this forum again?
a resident of Charleston Gardens
on Jun 25, 2007 at 3:41 pm
judge judy--you original comment was not deleted--there are two eruv threads going--your original post is on the other thread:
Web Link
a resident of Greenmeadow
on Jun 25, 2007 at 9:25 pm
Another idea: If I understand correctly, the media that is planned to be tacked up to establish the Eruv will be monofilament fishing line(?). Since that is obviously a technological upgrade from the original twine Eruvs, why not bring it up-to-date and establish a wired or wireless Eruv using the internet. It could indeed travel from computer/router locations spanning the roughly the same geographic boundaries as a stringed Eruv. It would even be much, much easier to verify and maintain as you could tell instantly when it was not continuous. Plus, the people who want it up could do so without disrupting other's rights to not be infringed by it, simple?
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In the coming console wars, small differences between multiplatform games probably aren't going to be enough to give a system a significant advantage over another. It's the exclusive titles that are going to largely determine the winner in the next-gen console battle. Which is why today's leaked announcement that Respawn Entertainment's Titanfall will be exclusive to Microsoft systems and PCs is such a big deal.
Microsoft was rumored to have picked up the exclusive console rights to Respawn's online-focused first-person mech shooter back in April, and that information has now been confirmed in the latest issue of Game Informer, which leaked out in digital form via Google Play today. While Respawn is working on the Xbox One and PC versions, an Xbox 360 version is also being developed by an outside developer.
The article also reveals the Titanfall name for the first time and a spring 2014 release window. Titanfall will use a heavily modified version of Valve's Source engine to produce 60 fps performance, according to the article.
In choosing the Xbox One over the PS4, Respawn cited Microsoft's promised access to cloud-computing resources, which will reportedly allow the game to use "unlimited dedicated servers" (whatever that means) to offload dozens of physics and AI routines. This helps offset the smaller amount of RAM available to developers on the Xbox One (5GB vs. 8GB in the PS4), though the developer says it was having problems using even that amount efficiently at this stage. "Not to say we won't [go multiplatform] in the future, but for our first game we wanted to focus on making the best game we could," the developer is quoted as saying.
Any console exclusive is important in this day and age, but Titanfall has the potential to be a big system seller for a large number of shooter fans. After all, it's coming from the founders of Infinity Ward and the original creators of the best-selling Modern Warfare series, who split off from Activision in acrimony back in 2010. True, Activision still holds the all-important Call of Duty branding, but you can bet that the marketing push for this one will stress that Titanfall is the true inheritor of the Modern Warfare legacy.
For its part, Activision is leaning on its partnership with Bungie for its own new shooter IP, Destiny. And while that game is going to be a big part of Sony's pre-E3 press conference, it's currently also slated for release on the Xbox One and Xbox 360 as well. Sony would do well to have at least one big PS4 exclusive third-party game announcement to counter Microsoft's big get.

subset: commoncrawl


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25 Memorable CMA Awards Acceptance Speeches
With 52 years of shows in the books, the CMA Awards have boasted some pretty memorable moments; from epic onstage performances to hilarious host monologues, viewers never quite know what surprises are in store on Country Music's Biggest Night. But of course, the biggest surprises always come when the winners are announced -- the CMAs are about the awards after all -- and country's biggest stars never disappoint when they take the stage to accept their statues.
Whether it's Dolly Parton busting out of her dress (literally!), Blake Shelton paying homage to his late father or Willie Nelson just happy to be alive to see his award, CMA winners' acceptance speeches are often the highlights in a show that's full of them.
Flip through the photo gallery below to look back at some of the most unforgettable acceptance speeches from throughout the years. Some made us laugh so hard we cried, while others brought real tears to our eyes!
The 2019 CMA Awards are scheduled to air on ABC on Nov. 13, at 8PM ET. The ceremony will take place live at Nashville's Bridgestone Arena.
The Boot will be staying up late covering the most buzzed-about winners, fashion and moments at the 2019 CMA Awards. Readers can watch along with us by checking back to TheBoot.com for the latest CMAs headlines, liking The Boot on Facebook and following The Boot on Twitter.
This story was originally written by Deborah Evans-Price, and revised by Carrie Horton.
Carrie Underwood + Brad Paisley's Best CMA Awards One-Liners


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On Saturday, Manchester United's Nani scored a goal against Tottenham Hotspur which was extremely controversial and will be the topic of many conversations over the next few days. Looking at it again and again, the goal was a result of poor sportsmanship by Nani and a mix-up in communication between Spurs goalkeeper Heurehlo Gomes and the referee and assistant referee.
The incident happened after Nani made a run inside the Tottenham box late in the second half. There was minimal contact on Nani but he continued to run into the box and then dived to the ground and handled the ball. At this point, it appeared that Gomes believed that a free kick had been awarded to Spurs, so as he prepared to take it and waited for his players to get into permission, Nani ran near the ball and poked it past Gomes into the net. Nani celebrated in front of the Stretford End as Clattenburg ran over to his assistant to discuss the incident. After a brief discussion, the goal was awarded to Manchester United. And the Tottenham players went berserk, surrounding the referee and assistant referee in complete disbelief that the goal had been given.
The goal was legitimate but a cheap one. Nani shouldn't have dived in the box in the first place. And second, a free kick should have been given for Nani's hand ball. Then Gomes made the mistake of misunderstanding what call the referee had made. To make matters worse, Nani was unsportsmanlike to kick the ball into the net. Sure, the ball was live but it was a cheap goal made even cheaper after his ridiculous dive in the box and hand ball just seconds earlier.
Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson blamed the incident on Gomes by saying,
"You can look at the referee and look at the linesmen and blame them, but the goalkeeper should know better. He's an experienced goalkeeper. I thought he made a mess of it. The referee played on because the goalkeeper took possession of the ball. He then went to take a free-kick thinking it was a foul. He made an error."
And, not surprisingly, Tottenham manager Harry Redknapp saw it the other way around:
"It was handball. He put his hand on the ball and dragged it down. He should have been booked. The referee didn't see him handball it, that's why he's allowed play to go on. The assistant referee has seen it, that's why he's flagged. He's handled the ball. If he's handled the ball he should be booked and it's a free-kick. Gomes puts the ball down to take a free-kick. It's obvious. Why would he stand there and leave the ball there after he saw him handball it?"
What do you think? Did Nani cheat? Should he have exercised better sportsmanship? Should the goal have stood? Who was right, Ferguson or Redknapp? Share your opinion in the comments section below.
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| 11.4°C Belfast
A former Premiership footballer is facing questioning by police in connection with an alleged assault on a woman and criminal damage at a block of flats.
Ex-Newcastle United striker Nile Ranger has been reported to police by both a national newspaper and by a management company responsible for a block of apartments in the centre of Swindon, Wiltshire.
The Sunday Mirror reported that it had been handed CCTV footage taken by a camera at the entrance to the flats in Gordon Gardens on April 13.
It allegedly shows Ranger - who now plays for Swindon Town in League One - unable to access the communal front door of the apartment block, and trying repeatedly to barge and kick the door in.
An unnamed woman is shown being slapped and punched three times by the 6ft 2in footballer.
Wiltshire Police said damage "in the region of £2,000" was caused to a lift door, wall and glass panel at the property.
The force said a 23-year-old man would be "contacted via his solicitor for interview by appointment".
"Police were contacted on April 23 by a building management company to report criminal damage at a residential address in Gordon Gardens, Swindon," a force spokeswoman said.
"The company were visiting to assess damage reported by residents to have happened on April 13 at approximately 4am.
"Damage caused is in the region of £2,000 of a lift door, a wall and a glass panel which was smashed.
"During the course of enquiries the company have supplied the police with a copy of CCTV of the incident which shows a man kicking and smashing the door and lift, and at one point punching a female who was with him.
"Police have been making enquiries to locate the suspect.
"As a result a man, aged 23, from Gordon Gardens in Swindon will be contacted via his solicitor for interview by appointment in connection with the criminal damage and assault.
"Police are keen to hear from the woman who was with the man on April 13 at 4am and would encourage her to come forward and speak to police."
In a statement Swindon Town said chairman Lee Power would be meeting with manager Mark Cooper to discuss the alleged incident with Ranger.
"Swindon Town Football Club has been made aware today of newspaper reports relating to Nile Ranger," a club spokesman said.
"The club would like to strenuously point out that it deplores acts of violence of any kind and are absolutely appalled at this incident.
"The chairman is flying into the country for a meeting with the manager tomorrow morning to investigate further and will be making a statement following the talks."


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Your baby's sleep - expert dossier
Children's sleep requirements, by Marie-Josèphe Challamel, paediatrician and researcher.
What does "sleeping through the night" mean?
"Sleeping through the night means sleeping between midnight and 5 AM without wanting to eat or crying for mother. Babies are usually able to do this after 3 months on average, or after a maximum of 6 months.
Over the first few days, newborn babies only sleep for very short periods (3 to 4 hours), without any circadian rhythm. They quickly become aware of the transition from day to night, becoming more awake by day and sleeping more during the night. As their periods of slow-wave sleep become longer, they wake up less frequently. However, "sleeping through the night", does not exactly mean not waking up at all. With every cycle change, it is normal for babies to wake up and then fall asleep again a few minutes later. Similarly, newborn babies usually cry during agitated sleep, and then fall asleep again."
Sleep requirements vary from one individual to another. How do you know how much sleep your child needs?
"Not all children need the same amount of sleep, and this can vary by up to 2 to 3 hours during the day. How much they need is dependent on their environment. Television in particular can lead to sleep loss – they'll go to bed later. To find out how much sleep your child needs – just watch him. If he has not had enough sleep, he will be ill-tempered, grumpy and agitated."
What recent sleep and chronobiology data is available?
"One of the main findings is that the passage from day to night – meaning from natural light to darkness – is a major time setter. This is particularly the case with newborn babies: if they are taken out on a regular basis between midday and 4 PM during the neonatal period, they'll fall asleep more quickly at night than babies who are at home all day. With older children, it becomes more important for them to wake up at the same time every morning."
For more information
Le Sommeil, le rêve et l'enfant ("Sleep, dreaming and children"), by Marie Thirion and Marie-Josèphe Challamel, published by Éditions Albin Michel, 2002.
Author's biography
Marie-Josèphe Challamel, is a former paediatrician who was previously a researcher at the INSERM (a French biomedical and public health research institution). She was head of the children's sleep unit at the Lyon-Sud hospital, and then at the Debrousse hospital, both in Lyon.


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Frequent Links
GRUB in text mode
|Original author(s)
|Erich Boleyn
|GNU Project
|Initial release
|Stable release
|2.00 (GRUB 2) / June 27, 2012[1]
|Preview release
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|GNU GPLv3[4]
GNU GRUB (short for GNU GRand Unified Bootloader) is a boot loader package from the GNU Project. GRUB is the reference implementation of the Free Software Foundation's Multiboot Specification, which provides a user the choice to boot one of multiple operating systems installed on a computer or select a specific kernel configuration available on a particular operating system's partitions.
GNU GRUB was developed from a package called the Grand Unified Bootloader (a play on Grand Unified Theory[5]). It is predominantly used for Unix-like systems. The GNU operating system uses GNU GRUB as its boot loader, as do most Linux distributions. The Solaris operating system has used GRUB as its boot loader on x86 systems, starting with the Solaris 10 1/06 release.
Users can dynamically configure the GRUB subsystem. GRUB loads its configuration at startup, allowing boot-time changes, such as selecting different kernels or initial RAM disks. To this end, GRUB provides a simple, bash-like, command line interface, which lets users write new boot sequences on the fly, in addition to the normal menu lists.
GRUB is highly portable. It supports multiple executable formats and is geometry-translation independent. It supports all commonly used Unix file systems, the Windows file systems FAT and NTFS, and logical block addressing (LBA). GRUB allows users to view the contents of files on any supported file system.
GRUB can download operating system boot images from network, thus supporting diskless systems. It also supports automatic decompression of the boot images before booting them. GRUB supports operating systems that do not multi-boot, by using chain loading. It uses the same two or three lines of command sequences to boot any DOS, Windows, Linux, BSD or Solaris system, making it very easy to work with it. The chain loaders for the supported Unix-like OSes are built into GRUB.
GRUB can be used with a variety of user interfaces. Most Linux distributions take advantage of GRUB's support for a graphical interface to provide a customized boot menu with a background image. A modification of GRUB's text interface can use a serial link so that a remote terminal can have access to the boot loader.
GRUB uses a scrollable screen for operating system boot selection. This means 150 or more boot choices can be easily controlled by GRUB by adding them to the
grub.cfg configuration file. The arrow keys are used to select which operating system to boot. In addition to the normal menu interface, GRUB also provides a bash-like terminal command-prompt that provides a rich set of commands to allow a user to view or alter any part of the boot process. With these tools one can, without prior knowledge of what is installed on a computer, use GRUB from an external device such as a floppy disk, USB device or a CD-ROM to boot up an installed operating system.
When a computer is turned on, the computer's BIOS finds the configured primary bootable device (usually the computer's hard disk) and loads and executes the initial bootstrap program from the master boot record (MBR). The MBR is the first sector of the hard disk, with zero as its offset (sectors counting starts at zero). For a long time, the size of a sector has been 512 bytes, but since 2009 there are hard disks available with a sector size of 4096 bytes, called Advanced Format disks. As of October 2013, such hard disks are still accessed in 512-byte sectors, by utilizing the 512e emulation.[6]
The legacy MBR partition table supports a maximum of four partitions and occupies 64 bytes. Together with the optional disk signature (four bytes) and disk timestamp (six bytes), this leaves between 434 and 446 bytes available for the machine code of a boot loader. Although such a small space can be totally sufficient for very simple boot loaders,[7] it is not big enough to contain a boot loader supporting complex and multiple file systems, menu-driven selection of boot choices etc. Boot loaders with bigger footprints are thus split into pieces, where the smallest piece fits into and resides within the MBR, while larger piece(s) are stored in other locations (for example, into empty sectors between the MBR and the first partition) and invoked by the boot loader's MBR code.
Operating system kernel images are in most cases files residing on appropriate file systems, but the concept of a file system is unknown to the BIOS. Thus, in BIOS-based systems, the duty of a boot loader is to access content of those files, so it can be read from the hard disk, loaded into the RAM and executed.
One of the possible approaches for boot loaders is to load the kernel images by directly accessing hard disk sectors occupied by the actual kernel image, without understanding the underlying file system. Usually, additional level of indirection is required, in form of maps or map files
- REDIRECT Template:Spaced ndash
auxiliary files that contain a list of physical sectors occupied by kernel images, thus providing information to the boot loader about where to find the kernel image's underlying sectors. Such maps need to be updated each time a kernel image changes its physical location on disk, due to installing new kernel images, file system defragmentation etc. Also, in case of the maps changing their physical location, their locations need to be updated within the boot loader's MBR code, so the sectors indirection mechanism continues to work. This is not only cumbersome, but it also leaves the system in need of manual repairs in case something goes wrong during system updates.[8]
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Another approach is to make a boot loader aware of the underlying file systems, so kernel images are configured and accessed using their actual file paths. That requires a boot loader to contain a file system driver for each of the supported file systems, so they can be understood and accessed by the boot loader itself. This approach eliminates the need for hardcoded locations of hard disk sectors and existence of map files, and does not require MBR updates after the kernel images are added or moved around. Configuration of a boot loader is stored in a regular file, which is also accessed in a file system-aware way to obtain boot configurations before the actual booting of any kernel images. As a result, the possibility for things to go wrong during various system updates is significantly reduced. As a downside, such boot loaders have increased internal complexity and even bigger footprints.[8]
GNU GRUB uses the second approach, by understanding the underlying file systems. The boot loader itself is split into multiple stages, allowing for itself to fit within the MBR boot scheme.
Two major versions of GRUB are in common use. GRUB version 2, called GRUB 2, was written from scratch and intended to replace its predecessor GRUB version 1, and it is now used by a majority of Linux distributions. GRUB version 1, called GRUB legacy, is only prevalent in older releases of Linux distributions, among which some are still in use and supported, for example in Ubuntu 10.04 or CentOS 5.
GRUB version 1 (GRUB legacy)
The master boot record (MBR) usually contains GRUB stage 1, but can contain another bootloader which can chain boot GRUB stage 1 from another boot sector such as a partition's volume boot record. Given the small size of a boot sector (512 Bytes), stage 1 can do little more than load the next stage of GRUB by loading a few disk sectors from a fixed location near the start of the disk (within its first 1024 cylinders).
Stage 1 can load the stage 2 directly, but it is normally set up to load the stage 1.5. GRUB stage 1.5 is located in the first 30 KiB of hard disk immediately following the MBR and before the first partition. In case this space is not available (unusual partition table, special disk drivers, GPT or LVM disk) the install of stage 1.5 will fail. The stage 1.5 image contains file system drivers. This enables the stage 1.5 to directly load stage 2 from any known location in the filesystem, for example from
/boot/grub. Stage 2 will then load the default configuration file and any other modules needed.
GRUB version 2 (GRUB)
- Stage 1:
boot.imgis stored in the master boot record (MBR), or optionally in any of the volume boot records (VBRs), and addresses the next stage by an LBA48 address (the 1024 cylinder boundary of GRUB legacy is omitted); at installation time it is configured to load the first sector of
- Stage 1.5:
core.imgis by default written to the sectors between the MBR and the first partition, when these sectors are free and available. For legacy reasons, the first partition of a hard drive does not begin at sector 1 (counting begins with 0) but at sector 63, leaving a gap of 62 sectors of empty space. That space is not part of any partition or file system, and therefore not prone to any problems related with it. Once executed,
core.imgwill load its configuration file and any other modules needed, particularly file system drivers; at installation time, it is generated from
diskboot.imgand configured to load the stage 2 by its file path.
- Stage 2: files belonging to the stage 2 are all being held in the
/boot/grubdirectory, which is a subdirectory of the
/bootdirectory specified by the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS).
Once GRUB stage 2 has loaded, it presents a TUI-based operating system selection (kernel selection) menu, where the user can select which operating system to boot. GRUB can be configured to automatically load a specified kernel after a user-defined timeout; if the timeout is set to zero seconds, pressing and holding ⇧ Shift while the computer is booting makes it possible to access the boot menu.[9]
If files or the partition become unavailable, or if the user wishes to take direct control, stage 2 will drop the user to the GRUB command prompt, where the user can then manually specify the boot parameters.
In the operating system selection menu GRUB accepts a couple of commands:
- By pressing e, it is possible to edit parameters for the selected operating system before the operating system is started. Typically, this is used to change kernel parameters for a Linux system. The reason for doing this in GRUB (i.e. not editing the parameters in an already booted system) can be an emergency case: the system has failed to boot. Using the kernel parameters line it is possible, among other things, to specify a module to be disabled (blacklisted) for the kernel. This could be required if the specific kernel module is broken and thus prevents boot-up. For example, to blacklist the kernel module
nvidia-current, append
modprobe.blacklist=nvidia-currentat the end of the kernel parameters.[10]
- By pressing c, the user enters the GRUB command line. The GRUB command line is not a regular Linux shell, like e.g. bash, and accepts only certain GRUB-specific commands, documented by various Linux distributions.[11]
Once boot options have been selected, GRUB loads the selected kernel into memory and passes control to the kernel. Alternatively, GRUB can pass control of the boot process to another boot loader, using chain loading. This is the method used to load operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, that do not support the Multiboot Specification or are not supported directly by GRUB.
If the usage of dm-crypt is intended, the contents of
/boot, i.e.
/boot/grub, the Linux kernel and
initrdneed to be on a distinct non-encrypted partition, because the logic to handle encrypted partitions resides inside the Linux kernel.
The GNU GRUB (version 2) software package contains several executable files:
grub-install(8)is a script file that will execute the following tasks:
- create the directory
/boot/grubif it does not exist
- generate the file
core.imgor respectively
- write
boot.imgto either the MBR or a volume boot record (VBR), as specified in a command-line option
- write
core.imginto space between the MBR and first partition or respectively copy
grub*.efito the EFI System partition
grub-mkconfig(8)is a utility used to generate a new
update-grub(8)is a stub used for running
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg, which combines settings from the /etc/default/grub and /etc/grub.d/* configuration files into a single /boot/grub/grub.cfg file[9]
GRUB can be installed on removable media, such as an optical drive (BIOS access, and El Torito), floppy disk or USB flash drive, in order to bring up a system that may not have or cannot boot from a hard disk.
GRUB was initially developed by Erich Boleyn as part of work on booting the operating system GNU/Hurd, developed by the Free Software Foundation.[12] In 1999, Gordon Matzigkeit and Yoshinori K. Okuji made GRUB an official software package of the GNU Project and opened the development process to the public.[12] As of 2014[update], the majority of Linux distributions have adopted GNU GRUB 2. Sony's PlayStation 4 also uses GNU GRUB version 2.00.[13]
GRUB version 1 (also known as "GRUB Legacy") is no longer under development and is being phased out.[14] The GNU GRUB developers have switched their focus to GRUB 2,[15] a complete rewrite with goals including making GNU GRUB cleaner, more robust, more portable and more powerful. GRUB 2 started under the name PUPA. PUPA was supported by the Information-technology Promotion Agency (IPA) in Japan. PUPA was integrated into GRUB 2 development around 2002, when GRUB version 0.9x was renamed GRUB Legacy.
Some of the goals of the GRUB 2 project include support for non-x86 platforms, internationalization/localization, non-ASCII characters, dynamic modules, memory management, a scripting mini-language, migrating platform specific (x86) code to platform specific modules, and an object-oriented framework. GNU GRUB version 2.00 was officially released on June 26, 2012.[1][16]
Three of the most widely used[17][18][19] Linux distributions use GRUB 2 as their mainstream boot loader. Ubuntu adopted GRUB 2 as the default boot loader in its 9.10 version of October 2009.[20] Fedora has been using GRUB 2 as its default boot loader since Fedora 16 released in November 2011.[21] openSUSE adopted GRUB 2 as the default boot loader with its 12.2 release of September 2012.[22]
Solaris also adopted GRUB2 on the x86 platform in the Solaris 11.1 release.[23]
GNU GRUB is free and open-source software, so several variants have been created. Some notables one, which have not been merged into GRUB mainline:
- OpenSolaris includes a modified GRUB Legacy that supports BSD disklabels, automatic 64-bit kernel selection, and booting from ZFS (with compression and multiple boot environments).[24][25]
- The Syllable project made a modified version of GRUB to load the system from its AtheOS File System.[26]
- TrustedGRUB extends GRUB by implementing verification of the system integrity and boot process security, using the Trusted Platform Module (TPM).[27]
GRUB configuration tools
The setup tools in use by various distributions often include modules to set up GRUB: for example, YaST2 on SUSE/openSUSE distributions and Anaconda on Fedora/RHEL distributions. StartUp-Manager and GRUB Customizer are graphical configuration editor for Debian based distributions of GRUB.
For GRUB 2 there are KDE Control Modules.[28][29]
GRLDR ICE is a tiny tool for modifying the default configuration of grldr file for GRUB4DOS.[30]
Other utilitiesSee also: Boot Repair Disk
GRUB Utilities is a collection of multi-platform utilities for GRUB Legacy, GRUB 2 and GRUB for DOS.[31]
Boot-Repair is a simple graphical tool for recovering from frequent boot-related problems with GRUB and Microsoft Windows bootloader. This application is available under GNU GPL license. Boot-Repair can repair GRUB on multiple Linux distributions including, but not limited to, Debian, Ubuntu, Mint, Fedora, openSUSE, and Arch Linux[32] and will be included in the future versions of Ubuntu.[33]
See also
- Comparison of boot loaders
- Master boot record (MBR)
- GUID Partition Table (GPT)
- Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)
- ^ a b Vladimir 'φ-coder/phcoder' Serbinenko (28 Jun 2012). "GRUB 2.00 released". grub-devel (Mailing list). Retrieved 1 December 2012.
- ^ ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/grub/
- ^ "Ohloh Analysis Summary – GNU GRUB". Ohloh. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
- ^ "GNU GRUB license".
- ^ EnterpriseLinux.com Definitions Definition of GRand Unified Bootloader
- ^ Smith, Ryan (December 18, 2009). "Western Digital's Advanced Format: The 4K Sector Transition Begins". AnandTech. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ "mbldr (Master Boot LoaDeR)". sourceforge.net. 2009. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ a b "Booting and Boot Managers". SuSE. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ a b "How to Configure the GRUB2 Boot Loader's Settings". howtogeek.com.
- ^ "ArchWiki: Blacklist Kernel modules from GNU GRUB". 2012-11-11. Retrieved 2012-12-01.
- ^ "GNU GRUB documentation".
- ^ a b GRUB Manual – 1.2 Grub History. Gnu.org (2012-06-23). Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
- ^ "PS4 runs Orbis OS, a modified version of FreeBSD that's similar to Linux". extremetech.com. 2013-06-24. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
- ^ GNU GRUB – GRUB Legacy. Gnu.org. Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
- ^ GNU GRUB – GRUB 2 at the Wayback Machine (archived June 7, 2008).
- ^ Larabel, Michael. "GRUB 2.00 Boot-Loader Officially Released". Phoronix.com. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
- ^ Haddon, Tom (26 January 2012). "An Introduction to Ubuntu". WebJunction. Retrieved 21 September 2012.
- ^ Janssen, Cory. "What is Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)?". Technopedia. Retrieved 21 September 2012.
- ^ Varghese, Sam (2012-09-20). "SUSE chief lists progress since privatisation". Retrieved 21 September 2012.
- ^ "9.10 Karmic GRUB version". Distrowatch.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
- ^ GRUB 2. FedoraProject. Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
- ^ openSUSE:Upcoming features – openSUSE. En.opensuse.org. Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
- ^ Solaris 11.1. Oracle Retrieved 2015-03-19.
- ^ x86: Modifying Boot Behavior by Editing the GRUB Menu at Boot Time, Modifying Solaris Boot Behavior on x86 Based Systems (Task Map) – System Administration Guide: Basic Administration
- ^ x86: Supported GRUB Implementations, (System Administration Guide: Basic Administration) – Sun Microsystems
- ^ 2.3 Why does Syllable have its own version of GRUB?, Syllable Documentation
- ^ "TrustedGRUB project". sourceforge.net. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
- ^ GRUB2 Bootloader Editor. Kde-apps.org (2012-06-18). Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
- ^ Grub2 KCM Retrieved 2011-01-27
- ^ "Grub4dos tutorial". narod.ru.
- ^ GRUB Utilities – Summary. Gna.org. Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
- ^ Official Boot-Repair website. Sourceforge.net (2011-08-11). Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
- ^ .Boot-Repair on Ubuntu Community Help Wiki. Help.ubuntu.com (2012-11-15). Retrieved on 2012-12-01.
External links
40x40px Wikimedia Commons has media related to GNU GRUB. 40x40px Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: GRUB Installation After Windows Installation
- Official website
- Boot with GRUB, an April 2001 article in Linux Journal
- Booting Linux on x86 using Grub2
- LILO and GRUB: Boot Loaders Made Simple
History Licenses Guidelines Software Public
Other topics
- From a template shortcut: This is a redirect from a shortcut page name in any namespace to a page in template namespace.


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Long time since I've been here.
My attention has been with The Raw Dessert Kitchen (the 'baby' of ours) that recently saw the daylight for the first time.
The new site is for the newbies of raw desserts as well as the more experienced. So come on over and have a look!
One of the latest dessert, a little something you can enjoy any day, but especially on Valentine's Day, is my Valentine's Day Cookies. They have a melt-in-your-mouth feel that I love. I'm sure you will love them just as much! You'll find the nut free recipe here.
Also, I'd love to get your feedback on the new site! Feel free to come with suggestions and ideas.
I treasure your opinion!


text:
Oberkfell wins Dominican title
Noticed today while browsing around that Bisons Manager Ken Oberkfell's club in the Dominican earned their title last night.
More from the New York Daily News: READ!
Don't forget, the Bisons Hot Stove Show debuts, on Time Warner Cable SportsNet, Tuesday (Feb 2) at 6:30 p.m.
Visit http://www.bisons.com for all the details as Opening Day moves closer!


text:
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Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein, also known as by the collective name Phyto Peptides, is an effective substitute for hydrolyzed animal protein derived by acid, enzyme, or other method of hydrolysis. It offers conditioning, moisturizing and film forming properties and is widely in skin care products to help skin retain its moisture and improve its overall appearance.
Jojoba Oil is extracted from the beanlike seeds of the desert shrub Simondsia Chinensis and has been traditionally used by both Mexicans and Native Americans for skin care purpose. It reduces transepidermal water loss without completely blocking the transportation of water vapor and gasses, providing suppleness and softness. It is nurturing for the skin and helps to restore skin's natural lipid barrier.


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This title is perhaps misleading. The bogan does not, in fact, enjoy tennis. Indeed, the bogan is utterly indifferent to tennis for 50 weeks of the year. But, for that shining fourteen days, bogans empty their pockets into the coffers of tennis' administrators when the Australian Open rolls into town.
Violently ignoring its aristocratic beginnings in the late 19th century, the bogan has ruined yet another event. Champagne and strawberries and cream has been replaced with Heineken and potato wedges, while grace and harmony have been forfeited as weak and unnecessary.
The bogan's sporadic racism is allowed to enter full bloom during these two weeks, as it selectively filters the global gathering of athletes in order to validate every one of its opinions about places it has never visited. This is best demonstrated by bogans' attendance at any match containing an Australian. Or someone who was once married to an Australian.
Commentators, fostering this sense of 'patriotism', surreptitiously (and by surreptitiously, we mean blatantly and offensively) lend their support to players during their call of the game, by referring to local players by their first names, and spending a great deal of time discussing their excellent play, while dismissing failures as a bit of luck on the part of their opponent. The TV coverage is even better for bogans in recent years as it contains less and less actual tennis, which is substituted for ongoing montages of close-ups of hot chicks hitting shots and grunting to remixed music. Following that will be the 'Hot Shots' segment, which distills an entire day's tennis down to four points which conclude with commentators saying 'whoa!'
This has hit a progressively larger snag year upon year, as Australian players have sucked more and more. The presence of overtly bogan players amongst the Australian elite has done little to slow the decline of interest in Australian players. As such, the commentators' attentions had to be lavished on others; to wit, top ten players and attractive female players. The bogan male can therefore spend a great deal of time watching women's sport – something it never, ever does – perving up ladies' dresses and skirts under the pretense of enjoying the action. Concurrently, the female bogan can spend a great deal of time watching women's sport – something it never, ever does – checking out 'fashion' under the pretense of enjoying the action.
Having enjoyed the illicit thrill of looking at women's underwear for some time, the bogan male will then pick up the Herald Sun, Daily Telegraph, or related non-Australian News Corp. paper and glance fleetingly at the headline. This will prompt a long-winded denunciation of the 'Croatian fuckwits' behaving like bogans while wearing the wrong flag as a cape, ruining the tennis by getting into fights. Politicians and social commentators then reinforce the belief that foreigners should be banned from watching such a quintessentially Australian sport. The bogan then looks at its watch, realises it's late for the 20/20 game and leaves. It then returns, sheepishly, one hour later, explaining to all who'll listen that the security guards at the cricket are all 'fuckwits'.


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He believed scientists sometimes had to take serious risks if the knowledge gained would save the lives of others.
|David Johnston, roughly 12 hours before his death.
A Blog detailing the insanity of my medical practice and the stupidity of everyday life.
|David Johnston, roughly 12 hours before his death.
What a day that was.
Very glad I googled David A. Johnston and read about this remarkable person. Thanks for your remembrance.
Thank you very much! Great man indeed, very inspiring.
Had to Google him and couldn't help but think of all the other scientists and doctors who have lost their lives in the name of science and medicine.
In 1983, I had the awesome experience of being part of a group allowed into what they then called the "red zone". Essentially, we were inside the blown-out north side of the crater. Four things stand out in my memory: the utter moonscape desolation of the area, the boiling-hot water in the small creek that ran down from farther inside the crater, the occasional deep rumble and tremor that made my heart stop, and the little feather-lined duck's nest with eggs hidden under a fallen incinerated tree trunk. Life always finds a way.
A few years ago we made the trek up to Mt. St. Helens. Stood in the theater of the Johnston Ridge Observatory and watched as the presentation about the eruption ended and the curtains opened and showed us the view into the crater.
I'll never forget how that made me feel.
When it's a clear day, I can see the mountain from my bedroom windows. It seems so... meek. Calm and serene.
It's worth a trip up there if you ever have the chance.
I imagine he thought he was at a fairly safe distance. At that time, volcanologists had never seen an eruption like that (where the force was released up and out instead of just up). Thank you for the reminder. Ever heard of the Kraffts?
For my senior high band trip we'd saved money from several years worth of candy bar sales (most of which were consumed by members at $1/bar for one that would cost nearly $10 in this day and age).
Our destination was a rival basketball team near Sitka, I believe it was Kenai High. I brought the futuristic '1984' to read in-flight for an American history assignment.
After months of practicing the music and planning, we took off from Anchorage International on Alaska Airline at night and made the circle in the sky, when it was announced that Augustine was erupting and we weren't going to land after all.
But we did see Augustine from above and she looked like glowing embers in the night over the Pacific.
Some of us never did recover from two years on a steady diet of chocolate with almonds. The snow was beige the rest of winter.
Thanks to pioneers like Mr Johnston, we know much more about volcanoes. Thanks to the other pioneers, we don't have to see others killed in the line of duty. Note that he is using pencil and paper to jot his notes!
I'm glad for this remembrance, but I wish you had put more information for those who aren't familiar.
I remember reading about David Johnston's death shortly after Mount St. Helens erupted (on my little sister's 8th birthday). We lived in Salem, OR, at the time, and my math teacher, Mrs. Curry, had recently had many of her students up to her cabin for a skiing field trip on the north side of the mountain. We laughed later at the thought of archaeologists uncovering our reading book, Encore, in the buried ruins of her cabin.
Mount St. Helens is very special to my sister and myself, and David Johnston, Harry Truman and others are heroes to us because of their dedication to the mountain.
I have friends who worked on robots that went into active volcanoes.
Volcanoes are scary, scary things.
To die while doing something for which you have great passion is.....priceless.
I quote a previous comment"Anonymous Rural ObGyn said...
Very glad I googled David A. Johnston and read about this remarkable person. Thanks for your remembrance.
" Thank You, I too Googled him and learned a lot about a person I knew nothing about. There are heros out there. Jackie in MD.
The first twelve years of my life, I lived in Vancouver Wash. and looked at that mountain everyday from my living room window.
When it erupted, we were living in Seattle and didn't know about it until about 10am when I happened to turn on the radio. My brother-in-law, lived in Stanwood Wa. about forty miles north of Seattle and he heard the initial boom at 8am.. Funny how that works.
If possible try and find the video and audio of David Crockett, he was an employee for one of the local TV stations (I think KINGTV) and got caught in the blast. It's a really harrowing account of what happened to him that day. He thought he was going to die, but fortunately he made it through.
Exactly the same thoughts as RuralObGyn. I Googled and read lots more on this remarkable man. Thank you for the remembrance and bringing him to our attention.
He wasn't supposed to be on the mountain that day, he was covering for a fellow scientist who had a family emergency. He also was said to have a bad feeling about being that close, thought it was very unsafe and was going to erupt at any moment. He was right.
I was 13, living in Port Angeles, Washington. I was standing on the porch of my aunt's house, when we heard the boom. My aunt at first thought it was a sonic boom, found out very quickly it was Mount St. Helens. We got quite a bit of ash, remember cars having inches of ash on many coming through town, ash coated everything. I cannot imagine how much worse it was for the cities surrounding the mountain. Thanks for posting, I love your history posts as much as the funny ones.
May 18th , the day Pope John Paul was born--he along with another Polish fellow of the time caused the death of a Communist Empire, yes,those 2, not Ronald Reagan as some would have you believe. My wife born, May 18. My daughter born May 18, My brother died of cancer May 18 at age 39. It is an auspicious day in my mind. We were preparing my daughters birthday party for her kindergarten friends and we could not be there as we were with my brother who was giving up life. I cry joy and sadness ever year since.
I was born on May 19, 1980 and the joke is that when Mt. St. Helen's erupted, my mom's water broke with my brother and I. Our presents this year included a vial of ash from the mountain.
Little Calf Creamery. Delicious homemade ice cream and food in Thousand Oaks!


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FunStuff: Charlottesville events September 20 and beyond
The dancing symphony
What if there were a symphony orchestra that offered season tickets for as little as $18 and offered thoughtful pre-concert talks by a noted scholar? Well, there is, and it's billing its fall season, five pairs of masterworks concerts, as "an extended dance party." Announcing its 2012-13 offerings, the Charlottesville & University Symphony Orchestra has adopted dance as the theme with works running the gamut from Beethoven's 7th (which Wagner called "the apotheosis of the dance"), to Swan Lake, to Bernstein's hip-swinging West Side Story. The pre-concert talks, by UVA music professor Richard Will, take place at Monticello High School for the MHS symphony events, and Minor Hall for the symphonies at sumptuous Old Cabell (with free parking at the Central Grounds Garage). The data listed below are just for the opening weekend. Tickets can be purchased through the UVA Arts Box Office, via 434-924-3376, in person, afternoons in the lobby of the Drama Building, or online.
September 28 & 30, Old Cabell and MHS, 8pm Friday and 3:30pm Sunday, $10-38
The free symphony
If the idea of a dancing symphony (see above) isn't enough, how about a free one? For the fourth consecutive year, the Charlottesville & University Symphony Orchestra will give a free concert in the historic amphitheater right in the heart of UVA Grounds. Called Symphony Under the Stars, this is a Saturday night pops concert that happens under the baton of Music Director Kate Tamarkin (shown here). The event gets a boost from The University Programs Council which hopes locals and students will make this tradition, "a wonderful opportunity to come together and enjoy talented musicians under the autumn stars." Picnics are welcome, but booze is verboten on Grounds. The rain date is the same time on the following day, Sunday.
September 22, McIntire Amphitheater, 8pm, free
Let the battle begin
If the well-known bands around town have you feeling droopy, here's a chance to tap some Friday night energy from relative unknowns. Join local celeb emcees Teri Allard (public tv host and singer-songwriter) and Brad Savage (the ubiquitous and enthusiastic program director of 106.1 The Corner) as these groups take the stage at the town's most historic theater. Yes, it's a Battle of the Bands featuring up-and-comers including Durty Weasels, Elliewood, Road Work Ahead, and What It Is. The event benefits Building Goodness Foundation, which builds houses from Appalachia to Haiti.
September 21, Jefferson Theater, 8pm, $5
Funny gal
Remember when you couldn't name a single stand-up comedienne? (And, yes, we do love that spelling.) Margaret Cho has bucked this trend, parlaying her own bisexuality and her obsession with gay men into comedic gold, and becoming the best-known stand-up comedienne since the heyday of Lily Tomlin and Whoopi Goldberg. Now, the legendary Cho is coming to Charlottesville's only 100-year-old theater for a Wednesday night bash. Given that this is her so-called "Mother" tour, it's a safe bet that we'll hear from "Mommy" and the trauma of growing up as an oddity in an Asian-American household.
September 26, Jefferson Theater, 7pm doors, $25-27
UnStriped and undaunted
The undisputed king of the stripped-down garage band sound and a man whose guitar work has landed him on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of all time, Jack White, is coming to downtown Charlottesville. Best known as the more crucial half of the now-defunct duo The White Stripes, he has scads of non-Stripes creds including production work for Loretta Lynn's 2004 hit album Van Lear Rose. White has been an in-demand collaborator, but his punk-blues stylings will probably be front and center at this early (7pm start time) Thursday night show.
September 27, nTelos Wireless Pavilion, 6pm doors, $45
Spike it
Ever since they put that sand court along heavily-traveled University Avenue a couple of years back, the UVA women's volleyball team has achieved some real local prominence. But that's not where they actually play their matches; that happens indoors at the old historic gym along Emmet Street. So far, this season has been a mixed bag of wins and losses, but the serious action– i.e. conference matches– start this weekend with matchups against Miami on Friday and then Florida State on Saturday. (That's Tori Janowski, shown here, going up for the spike.) With tickets this cheap, you might wanna check it out.
September 21 & 22, Memorial Gym, 7pm, $4-5
Help a kid
Nobody should have bone cancer, and it goes without saying that hearts broke all over this community when they learned that now 10-year-old Alyssa (shown here with little sister Lexie) was suffering from the dreaded disease. To help the girl's family with expenses related to treatment, Mooreland Baptist Church is holding a benefit breakfast and yard sale on Saturday. The church is located at 2255 Taylors Gap Road (Route 710) in the southern Albemarle community of North Garden.
September 22, Mooreland Baptist Church, 8am-1pm, donations
Blue in Batesville (CANCELED)
For years, you've been hearing her name around town, and maybe you heard her during the 20 years she had a show on WTJU radio. And maybe you've heard that she's hearing-impaired, or "profoundly deaf" as she bluntly puts it in her online bio. So how can somebody like that make soulful music? Ever hear of Beethoven? Anyway, now's your chance to check out folkie singer-songwriter Blue O'Connell and the country store in downtown Batesville now called Plank Road Exchange– and there's no cost. For this relaxed Saturday evening show, she'll be accompanied by Sandy Goodson on guitar, flute, and vocals.
September 22, Plank Road Exchange, Batesville, 6:30pm, free (CANCELED)
Happy country
Imagine the lucid vocals of 1970s supergroup America, backed by a sunny, optimistic country– sometimes banjo-driven– sound. And you have some idea of the bright sounds of Frontier Ruckus, which comes to the downtown's intimate concert hall for a mostly standing-up Tuesday night show. Tip: try to get them to play their cover of "Save Your Heart For Me" by 1960s icons Gary Lewis & the Playboys. Doors open at 8pm.
September 25, The Southern, 9pm, $10
Face-painting etc.
The folks at the internationally renowned Child Development Labs– a part of the UVA psychology department– are holding their 4th annual Family Fun Day on Saturday. Featuring free food, live music, door prizes, face-painting, and tours of the facility, this event is an effort to reach out to parents and children who might want to eventually participate in their research.
September 22, 1023 Millmont Street (behind Barracks Road Shopping Center), 9am-2pm, free
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Join the Charlottesville chapter of Birth Matters Virginia, and hundreds of other groups around the world, as we participate in the international debut of the new birth documentary, "Freedom for Birth."
This special event is FREE! and will take place at Random Row Books, Thursday September 20th, 2012 at 7 pm.
Light refreshments will be provided.
Freedom For Birth is a 60 minute campaigning documentary featuring a Who's Who of leading birth experts and international Human Rights lawyers all calling for radical change to the world's maternity systems.
Additional information about Freedom For Birth can be found on the website:


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By Karin Calloway
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Crispy, Crunchy Chopped Salad
Everyone loves a chopped salad, even those who don't usually like salad. The combination of crisp bits of lettuce with a bevy of textures and flavors just can't be underestimated.
This Crispy, Crunchy Chopped Salad is tossed with a classic vinaigrette with a twist from champagne vinegar and a hint of sweetness from agave nectar. Feel free to customize the salad, substituting pears or peaches for the apple, dried cranberries for the cherries, honey-roasted peanuts for the candied pecans and feta for the blue cheese. The salad is a delicious part of our Autumn Vegetarian Soup and Salad Supper and you can make it vegan by omitting the cheese.
Place lettuces, apples, green onions, cherries, pecans and cheese in a large salad bowl. Pour dressing over salad just before serving and toss to coat.
Makes 6 servings.


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Mr. Gnome Wall Art
$ 42.00
The perfect addition to any room, or office. Made from sustainably harvested cherry wood, this wood print is as eco-friendly as it is cool. Hang it up in your room or lean it against your bookshelf – this ready-for-hanging wood print will be sure to start a conversation. Measures 13″ x 18″


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The Vegas Variety Show on Saturday 2nd November 2019
It's Blackpool's Biggest & Best show night out. A Vegas style production cabaret featuring a whole night of music, comedy and dance!
Viva's very own resident show – and our most popular! With something for everyone – so no worries about individual taste or pleasing a big group. This is an amazing Vegas style production – with a variety of music from show numbers, to all kinds of hit music from across the decades, all performed with sequins, feathers and class. You'll enjoy plenty of laughs, music and more in a fast moving show – starring our hilarious host Leye D Johns, resident Viva Showgirls dancers and our amazing vocalists There's Fantastic lighting, sound and production visuals including a massive LED screen and lasers – giving a real 'wow' to your night and plenty to enjoy It's a full night out, with a show lasting for around 2 and a half hours with an interval – your whole evening is sorted! All are welcome, young and old, though the show is not crude or 'blue' some content may be of an adult nature and Junior tickets are booked at the parent or guardians sole discretion.
Please note: The event information above has been added by the organiser. Whilst we try to ensure all details are up-to-date we do not make any warranty or representation as to the accuracy or completeness of the information shown.


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Anyone who's changed countries, even those speaking the same language on paper, find a whole new vocabulary awaits them. I grew up in Canada, lived in England ages two to five, then moved to the U.S. at the of 30. One of my prized possessions is a navy blue T-shirt with a list of Canadian words, used here as an illustration. (In fact, the correct spelling is tuque…anyone know what that is?)
How many of you non-Canucks know the meaning of loonie, toonie, screech, deke or GST?
I know a few Americans now get poutine — gross! — which is cheese curds with gravy, for some reason trendy in hipster American neighborhoods. The round bacon which Americans call Canadian bacon is actually called back bacon in Canada.
We also read the Financial Times and the Guardian and see deliciously English words like nous, prat and naff(ness), none of which my well-read American husband knew the meaning of.
Since I moved to the States, (which only non-Americans call what Americans call America [as if there were no distinction between North, South and Central America. Hello, there are three Americas!]) I've learned phrases new to me, like:
— a do-over. You blew it: a date, a job interview, a first meeting. Ask for a do-over, a chance to get it right the next time.
— a hail-Mary. A last-ditch and/or surprise attempt to salvage a bad situation. (Comes from football, a great throw that can save the game.)
–– step up to the plate. Take responsibility for something. (Comes from baseball, where the batter must step up to home plate in order to hit the ball.)
— hit it out of the park. A huge success. (Baseball, when the ball is struck so hard it leaves the stadium.)
— a full-court press. To apply every possible sort of pressure to a situation. (Basketball term.)
— hit a single/double/triple. To achieve at varying levels of success, from lowest to highest. (Meaning you got to first, second or third base.)
You can see that if you don't play, or watch or listen to sports in the States, you're toast! (The kind you make in toaster and eat hot, not left cold in a toast rack, like the British do.)
Then there are regionalisms, where some Americans say pop instead of soda for a soft drink or a cabinet instead of a milkshake or frappe. Here's a funny blog post about this…
In my travels to Ireland, Scotland, New Zealand and Australia, I've heard some other odd ones like chilly bin for what we would call a cooler. (Yet a cooler here can also mean a sugary, low-alcohol beverage.)
Electoral divisions in Canada are called ridings; in the U.S., simply districts. A Canadian MP is a Member of Parliament; here, a Military Policeman.
One American woman recently told Bloomberg Businessweek magazine how she'd totally embarrassed herself when interviewed on British television by referring endlessly to how her product, Spanx, made one's fanny so much more alluring. Turns out (who knew?!) that fanny there means vagina, while for Americans it's a polite word for ass (the Brits would say bum and we'd say butt…)
What distinctive English words or phrases are used where you live?


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